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docs: expand model card (training details, calibration, escalation, limitations)

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- ---
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- license: apache-2.0
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- library_name: transformers
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- tags:
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- - laya
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- - system-one
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- - ticket-triage
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- - banking77
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- - hierarchical-classification
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- metrics:
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- - accuracy
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- ---
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- # laya-triage-banking77
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-
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- Laya (421M) fine-tuned on the BANKING77 training split for hierarchical
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- ticket triage: a coarse choice over 12 clusters plus a fine choice over
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- the winning cluster's intents, trained jointly on 2xT4 with DDP (RLCD
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- policy gradients plus cross-entropy guidance). Part of the
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- [laya-triage](https://github.com/Gjusev/laya-triage) project.
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-
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- ## Results (200-ticket seed-13 test sample)
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-
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- | Configuration | Intent accuracy |
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- |---|---|
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- | zero-shot flat 77-way | 0.365 |
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- | zero-shot hierarchical | 0.510 |
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- | fine-tuned hierarchical (this model) | 0.905 |
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-
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- Coarse accuracy 0.960, macro-F1 0.848.
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- Escalation: the 75% accuracy target is met at threshold 0.00
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- with 100% coverage (90.5% accuracy among
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- auto-handled). Full artifact with per-ticket records:
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- [banking77_finetuned.json](https://github.com/Gjusev/laya-triage/blob/main/evals/results/banking77_finetuned.json).
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-
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- ## What was trained and what was not
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-
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- - Trained: the two routing decisions (cluster choice, intent choice).
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- - NOT trained: the auxiliary signal heads (urgency, frustration, churn risk,
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- refund requested) - BANKING77 carries no such labels. Measured on the
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- project's English hand-labeled subset (n=60): urgency MAE
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- 0.701, frustration MAE 0.693
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- (zero-shot all-language baseline: 0.813 / 1.071).
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- - Hold-out temperature calibration: choice 3.825
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- (score and noul keep their defaults).
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- - English only: the base checkpoint is the English laya model; the repo
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- documents in-domain coarse accuracy degradation for other languages, which
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- this fine-tune does not address.
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-
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- ## Where it fails (top confusions on the eval sample)
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-
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- - `top_up_failed` predicted as `topping_up_by_card` (x1)
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- - `beneficiary_not_allowed` predicted as `failed_transfer` (x1)
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- - `order_physical_card` predicted as `getting_virtual_card` (x1)
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- - `pin_blocked` predicted as `change_pin` (x1)
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- - `beneficiary_not_allowed` predicted as `transfer_into_account` (x1)
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- - `verify_top_up` predicted as `verify_my_identity` (x1)
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- - `receiving_money` predicted as `fiat_currency_support` (x1)
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- - `wrong_exchange_rate_for_cash_withdrawal` predicted as `cash_withdrawal_charge` (x1)
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- - `declined_transfer` predicted as `transfer_not_received_by_recipient` (x1)
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- - `get_disposable_virtual_card` predicted as `getting_virtual_card` (x1)
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-
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- All top confusions are single-ticket mistakes; there is no systematic
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- confusion pair on this sample.
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-
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- ## Usage
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-
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- ```python
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- import laya
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- from huggingface_hub import snapshot_download
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-
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- agent = laya.Agent(snapshot_download("Gjusev/laya-triage-banking77"))
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- ```
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- See the laya-triage repo for the full pipeline (escalation policy,
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- multilingual routing, signals) and the fine-tuning notebook that produced
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- this checkpoint.
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-
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- ## License
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- Apache 2.0. Base model by Convai Innovations; fine-tune by the laya-triage
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- project, trained on the BANKING77 dataset (PolyAI-LDN).
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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+ ---
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+ license: apache-2.0
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+ library_name: transformers
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+ base_model:
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+ - convaiinnovations/laya
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+ tags:
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+ - laya
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+ - system-one
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+ - ticket-triage
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+ - banking77
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+ - hierarchical-classification
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+ - customer-support
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+ - routing
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+ datasets:
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+ - PolyAI/banking77
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+ metrics:
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+ - accuracy
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+ - f1
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+ pipeline_tag: text-classification
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+ ---
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+
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+ # laya-triage-banking77
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+
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+ A [laya](https://github.com/NandhaKishorM/laya) System 1 decision model (421M) fine-tuned
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+ for **hierarchical support-ticket triage** on BANKING77: one local forward pass per stage
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+ returns a department route and a calibrated confidence β€” no API calls, no per-ticket cost.
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+ Part of the [laya-triage](https://github.com/Gjusev/laya-triage) project (Apache 2.0).
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+
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+ | Configuration | Intent accuracy | Macro-F1 |
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+ |---|---:|---:|
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+ | zero-shot flat 77-way | 36.5% | 0.284 |
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+ | zero-shot hierarchical | 51.0% | 0.443 |
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+ | **fine-tuned hierarchical (this model)** | **90.5%** | **0.848** |
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+
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+ 200-ticket seed-13 BANKING77 test sample, identical harness and questions for all three rows.
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+
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+ ## How the hierarchy works
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+
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+ BANKING77's 77 intents are grouped into 12 clusters of 3-10 intents (kept inside the
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+ calibrated choice-temperature bucket). Triage is two passes on this checkpoint:
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+
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+ 1. **Coarse pass** β€” choose one of the 12 clusters. In production the same pass also scores
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+ urgency, frustration, churn risk and refund intent (heads inherited from the base model).
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+ 2. **Fine pass** β€” choose among only the 3-10 intents of the winning cluster.
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+
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+ Coarse accuracy on the eval sample: **96.0%**. The two-pass eval ran the
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+ 200 tickets in 16.1s on one Kaggle T4.
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+
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+ ## Training details
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+
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+ - **Data**: the BANKING77 train split (10,003 tickets). Each ticket contributes two
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+ sequences β€” the coarse choice (gold = the intent's cluster) and the fine choice
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+ restricted to that cluster (gold = the intent) β€” 20,006 training items in total.
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+ - **Objective**: RLCD policy gradients over a proper scoring rule (log score + spherical +
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+ ranked-probability for score-type questions) plus a cross-entropy guidance term toward
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+ the gold answer.
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+ - **Hyperparameters** (from the committed trainer):
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+ 3 epochs; micro-batch 8 with gradient accumulation 4 (effective 32 per rank);
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+ RLCD group size 4 with sigma annealed 0.4 β†’ 0.1 across epochs; AdamW with
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+ encoder lr 2.5e-5 / head lr 1e-4, weight decay 0.01.
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+ - **Hardware**: Kaggle 2Γ— Tesla T4, `torchrun` DDP (9,803 items per rank after the
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+ equal-count trim), about 46 minutes end to end.
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+ - **Software**: laya 0.3.22, laya-triage 0.1.0, adapted from laya's official 2Γ—T4 notebook.
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+ - **Notebook**: [`finetune/laya_triage_banking77.ipynb`](https://github.com/Gjusev/laya-triage/blob/main/finetune/laya_triage_banking77.ipynb)
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+ (opens directly in Kaggle; the committed run is [gjusev/laya-triage-banking77](https://www.kaggle.com/code/gjusev/laya-triage-banking77)).
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+
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+ ## Calibration
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+
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+ Choice-answer temperature fitted on a held-out calibration split carved from the training
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+ data **before** training: **3.825** (score and noul heads keep their 1.2 defaults).
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+ After three epochs on memorized training data the choice logits are sharply overconfident;
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+ the fitted temperature softens them back so `answer_confidence` remains a usable gate.
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+
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+ ## Escalation
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+
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+ The operational policy auto-handles a ticket only when every routing decision's calibrated
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+ confidence clears a threshold. For this checkpoint the 75% accuracy target is met at
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+ threshold **0.00** with **100% coverage**
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+ (90.5% accuracy among auto-handled tickets): on this English banking
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+ sample the calibrated confidence is strong enough that nothing needs escalating β€” a large
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+ change from the zero-shot checkpoint, whose operating point was 0.84 at ~60% coverage.
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+ Treat that as a property of this domain/sample, not a universal guarantee.
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+
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+ ## What was trained and what was not
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+
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+ - **Trained**: the two routing decisions (cluster choice, intent choice).
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+ - **NOT trained**: the auxiliary signal heads β€” BANKING77 carries no urgency/frustration/
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+ churn/refund labels. Measured on the project's English hand-labeled subset
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+ (n=60): urgency MAE **0.701**, frustration MAE
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+ **0.693** (zero-shot all-language baseline 0.813 / 1.071).
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+ The routing-only fine-tune did not disturb them.
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+ - **English only**: the base checkpoint is the English laya model. The repo documents
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+ per-language coarse-accuracy degradation zero-shot; this fine-tune does not address it.
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+
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+ ## Where it fails (top confusions on the eval sample)
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+
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+ | Gold | Predicted | Count |
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+ |---|---|---:|
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+ | `top_up_failed` | `topping_up_by_card` | 1 |
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+ | `beneficiary_not_allowed` | `failed_transfer` | 1 |
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+ | `order_physical_card` | `getting_virtual_card` | 1 |
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+ | `pin_blocked` | `change_pin` | 1 |
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+ | `beneficiary_not_allowed` | `transfer_into_account` | 1 |
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+ | `verify_top_up` | `verify_my_identity` | 1 |
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+ | `receiving_money` | `fiat_currency_support` | 1 |
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+ | `wrong_exchange_rate_for_cash_withdrawal` | `cash_withdrawal_charge` | 1 |
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+ | `declined_transfer` | `transfer_not_received_by_recipient` | 1 |
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+ | `get_disposable_virtual_card` | `getting_virtual_card` | 1 |
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+
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+ Every top confusion is a single-ticket mistake on this sample β€” there is no systematic
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+ confusion pair at n=200.
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+
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+ ## Intended use
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+
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+ - Routing customer-support tickets to departments/queues in English banking-style domains.
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+ - As a drop-in laya checkpoint inside the [laya-triage pipeline](https://github.com/Gjusev/laya-triage),
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+ which adds multilingual routing, the escalation policy and the signal heads.
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+
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+ **Out of scope**: languages other than English (use the zero-shot multilingual pipeline
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+ instead), non-banking domains, any decision with safety or legal consequences, and use of
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+ the urgency/frustration scores as anything beyond triage prioritization signals.
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+
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+ ## Limitations
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+
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+ - Evaluated on a 200-ticket sample (seed 13) of the BANKING77 test split; the full-split
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+ numbers may differ. Reproduce with the artifact, not the prose.
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+ - Out-of-domain tickets map to the nearest banking concept when confidence is high enough;
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+ the repo's smoke test escalated 7 of 8 IT-operations tickets at the zero-shot 0.84 gate.
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+ - Latency figures (CPU 577.4s / T4 16.1s per 200-ticket two-pass)
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+ are development measurements, not deployment benchmarks.
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+
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+ ## Evaluation methodology and artifacts
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+
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+ Sample selection, per-ticket records (predictions, confidences, correctness), the coverage
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+ curve and every number above live in
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+ [`evals/results/banking77_finetuned.json`](https://github.com/Gjusev/laya-triage/blob/main/evals/results/banking77_finetuned.json).
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+ The eval kernel that produced it attaches this checkpoint as a Kaggle dataset and re-runs
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+ the same seed-13 two-pass as the repo's zero-shot harness
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+ ([gjusev/laya-triage-ft-eval](https://www.kaggle.com/code/gjusev/laya-triage-ft-eval)).
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+
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+ ## Usage
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+
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+ ```python
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+ import laya
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+ from huggingface_hub import snapshot_download
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+ from laya_triage import schema
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+
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+ agent = laya.Agent(snapshot_download("Gjusev/laya-triage-banking77"), device="cpu")
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+
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+ stage1 = agent.predict([{"message": "I was charged twice for the same card payment"}],
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+ schema.coarse_questions())[0]
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+ cluster = stage1["answers"]["cluster"]["choice"]
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+ stage2 = agent.predict([{"message": "I was charged twice for the same card payment"}],
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+ schema.fine_questions(cluster))[0]
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+ print(cluster, stage2["answers"]["intent"]["choice"],
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+ stage2["answers"]["intent"]["answer_confidence"])
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+ ```
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+
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+ The full pipeline (`TriagePipeline`) wraps both passes plus department mapping and the
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+ escalation gate β€” see the repo README.
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+
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+ ## Base model and data
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+
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+ Fine-tuned from the Apache-2.0 laya System 1 checkpoint by Convai Innovations
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+ (`convaiinnovations/laya`), trained on the BANKING77 dataset (PolyAI-LDN). Thanks to both.
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+
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+ ## License
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+
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+ Apache 2.0. The fine-tune and its evaluation artifacts are part of the
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+ [laya-triage](https://github.com/Gjusev/laya-triage) project.