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Co-authored-by: Tomás Bernal Beltrán <tomasBernal@users.noreply.huggingface.co>

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+ ---
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+ language:
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+ - en
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+ license: mit
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+ library_name: transformers
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+ pipeline_tag: audio-classification
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+ tags:
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+ - emotion-recognition
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+ - speech-emotion-recognition
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+ - audio-classification
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+ - speech-processing
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+ - english
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+ - affective-computing
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+ - umuteam
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+ datasets:
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+ - RAVDESS
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+ - TESS
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+ metrics:
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+ - accuracy
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+ - f1
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+
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+ model-index:
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+ - name: UMUTeam/w2v-bert-emotion-en
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+ results:
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+ - task:
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+ type: audio-classification
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+ name: Speech Emotion Recognition
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+ dataset:
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+ name: English Speech Emotion Recognition Benchmark
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+ type: custom
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+ metrics:
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+ - type: accuracy
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+ value: 95.1435
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+ name: Accuracy
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+ - type: weighted-f1
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+ value: 95.1575
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+ name: Weighted F1
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+ - type: macro-f1
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+ value: 95.1679
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+ name: Macro F1
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+ ---
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+
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+ # UMUTeam/w2v-bert-emotion-en
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+
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+ ## Model description
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+
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+ `UMUTeam/w2v-bert-emotion-en` is an English speech emotion recognition model developed as part of **speech-emotion**, an open-source multilingual and multimodal toolkit for emotion recognition from speech, text, and multimodal inputs.
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+
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+ This model performs **emotion classification directly from English speech audio**.
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+
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+ The model is based on the Wav2Vec2-BERT architecture and was fine-tuned for speech emotion recognition tasks in English.
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+
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+ It is designed to operate as a standalone speech-only emotion recognition system or as part of the broader `speech-emotion` framework, where acoustic representations can be combined with textual representations for multimodal emotion recognition.
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+
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+ The model predicts one of the following emotion labels:
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+
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+ - `angry`
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+ - `disgust`
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+ - `fear`
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+ - `happy`
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+ - `neutral`
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+ - `sad`
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+ - `surprise`
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+
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+ ## Intended use
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+
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+ This model is intended for research and applied scenarios involving English speech emotion recognition, such as:
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+
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+ - emotion analysis from speech recordings
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+ - conversational speech analysis
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+ - affective computing research
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+ - human-computer interaction
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+ - emotion-aware conversational agents
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+ - integration into multimodal emotion recognition pipelines
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+
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+ It can be used directly with the Hugging Face `transformers` library or through the `speech-emotion` toolkit.
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+
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+ ## Out-of-scope use
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+
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+ This model should not be used as the sole basis for high-stakes decisions, including but not limited to:
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+
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+ - clinical diagnosis
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+ - mental health assessment
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+ - employment, legal, or educational decisions
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+ - biometric profiling or surveillance
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+ - automated decisions affecting individuals without human oversight
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+
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+ Emotion recognition is inherently uncertain and context-dependent. Predictions should be interpreted as model estimates, not as definitive assessments of a person's emotional state.
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+
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+ ## Training data
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+
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+ The model was trained on the English speech datasets used in the `speech-emotion` project.
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+
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+ The training data combines multiple publicly available English speech emotion recognition datasets, including:
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+
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+ - RAVDESS
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+ - TESS
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+ - datasets derived from prior speech emotion recognition research benchmarks
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+
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+ Because the original datasets use different emotion taxonomies, all datasets were harmonized into a unified seven-class emotion taxonomy:
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+
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+ - `angry`
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+ - `disgust`
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+ - `fear`
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+ - `happy`
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+ - `neutral`
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+ - `sad`
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+ - `surprise`
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+
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+ For the English speech emotion recognition setup:
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+
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+ - Training samples: 3,622
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+ - Validation samples: 453
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+ - Test samples: 453
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+
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+ More details about the dataset preprocessing and label harmonization pipeline are available in the project repository:
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+
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+ https://github.com/NLP-UMUTeam/umuteam-speech-emotion
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+
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+ ## Evaluation
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+
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+ The model was evaluated on the English held-out test set used in the `speech-emotion` toolkit.
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+
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+ ### Performance comparison on English emotion recognition
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+
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+ | Configuration | Accuracy | Weighted Precision | Weighted F1 | Macro F1 |
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+ |---|---:|---:|---:|---:|
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+ | Speech-only | 95.1435 | 95.2700 | 95.1575 | 95.1679 |
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+ | Text-only | 76.0842 | 75.5723 | 75.6852 | 68.0266 |
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+ | Multimodal (Concat) | **96.0462** | **96.0880** | **96.0257** | **96.0462** |
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+ | Multimodal (Mean) | 90.2870 | 90.5162 | 90.2334 | 90.2589 |
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+ | Multimodal (Multihead) | 93.1567 | 93.2715 | 93.1898 | 93.2115 |
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+
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+ These results show that speech-based emotion recognition provides strong performance for English emotion analysis, while multimodal approaches combining speech and text achieve even higher robustness and overall performance.
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+
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+ ## How to use
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+
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+ ```python
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+ from transformers import pipeline
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+
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+ classifier = pipeline(
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+ "audio-classification",
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+ model="UMUTeam/w2v-bert-emotion-en"
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+ )
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+
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+ prediction = classifier("audio.wav")
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+
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+ print(prediction)
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+ ```
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+
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+ You can also use this model through the `speech-emotion` toolkit:
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+
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+ ```bash
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+ pip install speech-emotion
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+ ```
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+
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+ ```python
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+ from speech_emotion import predict_emotion
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+
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+ emotion = predict_emotion(
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+ audio_path="audio.wav",
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+ language="en",
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+ mode="audio",
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+ model_config_path="model.json"
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+ )
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+
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+ print("Detected emotion:", emotion)
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+ ```
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+
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+ Repository:
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+
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+ https://github.com/NLP-UMUTeam/umuteam-speech-emotion
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+
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+ ## Limitations
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+
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+ - The model is designed for English speech and may not perform reliably on other languages.
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+ - It predicts a single label from a fixed set of seven emotions.
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+ - Emotion expression is subjective and highly context-dependent.
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+ - Performance may decrease with noisy audio, overlapping speakers, low-quality recordings, strong accents, or domain shifts.
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+ - Speech-only emotion recognition may miss relevant contextual or visual information that could improve emotion interpretation.
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+
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+ ## Bias and ethical considerations
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+
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+ Emotion recognition systems may reflect biases present in their training data, including differences related to accents, speaking styles, demographics, recording conditions, or annotation subjectivity.
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+
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+ Users should avoid interpreting predictions as objective truths about a person's internal emotional state. The model should be used with transparency, appropriate consent, and human oversight, especially in sensitive contexts.
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+
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+ ## Citation
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+
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+ If you use this model in your research, please cite the following works:
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+
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+ ### speech-emotion toolkit
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+
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+ ```bibtex
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+ @article{PAN2026102677,
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+ title = {speech-emotion: A multilingual and multimodal toolkit for emotion recognition from speech},
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+ journal = {SoftwareX},
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+ volume = {34},
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+ pages = {102677},
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+ year = {2026},
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+ issn = {2352-7110},
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+ doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.softx.2026.102677},
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+ url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S235271102600169X},
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+ author = {Ronghao Pan and Tomás Bernal-Beltrán and José Antonio García-Díaz and Rafael Valencia-García},
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+ }
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+ ```
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+
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+ ## Acknowledgments
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+
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+ This work is part of the research project LaTe4PoliticES (PID2022-138099OB-I00), funded by MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF/EU - FEDER/UE), “A way of making Europe”.
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+
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+ Mr. Tomás Bernal-Beltrán is supported by the University of Murcia through the predoctoral programme.