# Hardware fact sources (provenance)

All hardware facts used by the dataset live in
`configs/rpi5_hardware_facts.json`. Every fact has an ID (`F-...`) and
cites one of the sources below by `source_id` plus a section, table or page
locator. Facts are paraphrased and quote no long passages. Re-verify them
against the live documents before changing them.

Retrieved with Firecrawl on 2026-09-13.

| source_id | Document | Version / identifier | URL |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| `RPI_DOCS_HW` | Raspberry Pi Documentation, "Raspberry Pi computer hardware": GPIO, GPIO pads control, power supply sections | Live page, cached 2026-09-13 (source: `gpio-on-raspberry-pi.adoc`, `gpio-pad-controls.adoc` in raspberrypi/documentation) | https://www.raspberrypi.com/documentation/computers/raspberry-pi.html |
| `RP1_PERIPH` | Raspberry Pi RP1 Peripherals datasheet | RP-008370-DS-1, build-date 2023-11-07, build-version b9b6f74-clean | https://datasheets.raspberrypi.com/rp1/rp1-peripherals.pdf |
| `RPI5_BRIEF` | Raspberry Pi 5 Product Brief | RP-008348-DS-6, published April 2026 | https://datasheets.raspberrypi.com/rpi5/raspberry-pi-5-product-brief.pdf |
| `GPIOZERO_DATA` | GPIO Zero pin data (the library the official docs use for the `pinout` command, installed by default in Raspberry Pi OS) | `gpiozero/pins/data.py` on master, `PI5_J8 = PI4_J8` | https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gpiozero/gpiozero/master/gpiozero/pins/data.py |

GPIO Zero notes that its Pi 5 *alternate-function* data is inherited from the Pi 4
and "slightly wrong". The dataset therefore takes **only the physical header
layout** from GPIO Zero and takes every alternate function from RP1 Table 4.
The header layout agrees with `RPI_DOCS_HW` (GPIO0/GPIO1 on physical pins 27/28,
two 5 V and two 3.3 V pins).

## Locators used

- `RP1_PERIPH` Ch.1 Introduction: RP1 provides 28 GPIO pins for the 40-pin header.
- `RP1_PERIPH` §3.1 GPIO: one bank (IO_BANK0), function list; IO_BANK1/2 are reserved for internal use.
- `RP1_PERIPH` §3.1.1 Table 4 "GPIO function selection": per-GPIO alternate functions a0–a8.
- `RP1_PERIPH` §3.1.3 Pads: drive strength 2/4/8/12 mA, pull-up/pull-down/bus-keeper, fault tolerance below 3.63 V when unpowered.
- `RP1_PERIPH` §3.1.4 PADS_BANK0 GPIOn register: DRIVE reset = 4 mA, PUE/PDE reset "varies", SCHMITT reset = enabled.
- `RP1_PERIPH` §3.2 UART: six PL011 instances, five on bank 0.
- `RP1_PERIPH` §3.4 PWM: four independent channels per PWM block.
- `RP1_PERIPH` §3.5 I2C: DesignWare I2C, master by default, 7-bit addressing in master mode.
- `RP1_PERIPH` §3.6 SPI instance table: SPI4 and SPI7 are slave-only; the rest are master.
- `RPI_DOCS_HW` GPIO: 40-pin header; input, output, or up to six alternate functions; GPIO0/1 reserved for advanced use; output high 3.3 V / low 0 V; GPIO2/GPIO3 have fixed pull-ups; the hardware PWM list; SPI0/SPI1/I2C pin lists; warning not to connect motors directly and to use current-limiting resistors with LEDs; do not use 5 V for 3.3 V components; inputs are 3.3 V-tolerant.
- `RPI_DOCS_HW` GPIO pads control: drive strength is not a current limit; a pad shorted while driven will eventually fail.
- `RPI_DOCS_HW` Power supply: GPIO pins combined can safely draw 50 mA, 16 mA per pin (general statement, not Pi 5-specific: see human review).
- `RPI5_BRIEF` Specification: Raspberry Pi standard 40-pin header; 5 V/5 A USB-C power; operating temperature 0–70 °C.

# English pretraining text sources (attribution)

General English text is mixed in for language competence only. It is never a source of
hardware facts: documents about Raspberry Pi, GPIO, Arduino, ESP32, pinouts and similar are
filtered out (see `configs/english_corpus.json`).

| source_id | Dataset | Version | License | Use |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| `FINEWEB_EDU_DEDUP` | FineWeb-Edu (deduplicated), `fineweb-edu-dedup` config of HuggingFaceTB/smollm-corpus | revision `3ba9d605774198c5868892d7a8deda78031a781f`; 216 row groups from 18 shards (exact list with checksums in `data/sources/english/fineweb_edu_dedup.download_manifest.json`) | ODC-By 1.0 (https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/by/1-0/); underlying Common Crawl data subject to the Common Crawl terms of use | Pretraining text via `scripts/english_corpus.py` and `configs/pretrain_mix.json`; provenance, filters and per-file checksums in `data/sources/english/fineweb_edu_dedup.json` |

Required attribution: "FineWeb-Edu (deduplicated, from SmolLM-Corpus) by Hugging Face, licensed
under ODC-By 1.0; derived from Common Crawl." Keep this notice with any redistributed copy of the
prepared text. Hub page: https://huggingface.co/datasets/HuggingFaceTB/smollm-corpus