title: ОСМАНСЬКО-ТУРЕЦЬКИЙ ВЕКТОР ДИПЛОМАТИЧНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ ГЕТЬМАНА ІВАНА ВИГОВСЬКОГО ТА ПЕРЕМОГА В МОСКОВСЬКО-УКРАЇНСЬКІЙ ВІЙНІ 1657 – 1659 рр.
abstract: The purpose of this study is to analyze the historical development of the foreign policy of the Ukrainian Cossack state, particularly during the rule of Hetman Ivan Vyhovskyi, which took place under conditions of internal political strife and Moscow’s aggression against Ukraine, especially in the context of fomenting civil war. Under these circumstances, the hetman not only established diplomatic relations with the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, but also initiated the Black Sea vector of foreig
journal: The Scientific Issues of Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University Series pedagogy