title: Zeitenwende
abstract: At the end of his chapter, Petschauer concludes that Putin invaded Ukraine because, as an authoritarian leader, he could do so; he concludes that “rare is the authoritarian leader who does not start a war!” He also thinks that Putin had calculated that the West would not interfere; that Western sanctions would not hurt Russia's economy; that the war would be a short one, providing a quick victory; and that he could act with impunity and without accountability, much as he had in other venues like