title: From Almaty to Minsk: When does the Collective Security Treaty Organization Intervene?
abstract: This study investigates how the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) intervenes militarily in the affairs of member states. Through comparative case study and process-tracing methodology, cases of non-intervention including Kyrgyzstan, 2005, 2010, 2020; Armenia, 2021; Tajikistan-Kyrgyzstan, 2021–2; and Kursk, 2024 are compared to a single intervention that occurred in Kazakhstan, 2022. The analysis reveals that interventions are highly selective and not strictly driven by key provision
journal: Central European Journal of International and Security Studies