title: External crises as a catalyst for further business development and innovations : evidence from the oil and gas, fishery and tourism industries in Norway and Russia
abstract: The period of 2014-2015 has been highlighted by a multitude of diverse external crises that drastically disrupted both national economies and private business. The most demolishing externally initiated shocks for the Norwegian and Russian enterprises were the smart multilateral sanctions against Russia, the Russian food embargo, the national currency slump, and the tremendous crude oil price tumble. Notwithstanding, the destructive power of external shocks can be creative as well. Crises compel 
journal: BIBSYS Brage (BIBSYS (Norway))