title: Governing global energy
abstract: This chapter outlines the main institutional and constitutional arrangements governing global and regional energy relations, with a focus on Russia's role. It reviews the institutions established in response to the energy crises of the 1970s. The chapter argues that global and regional governance arrangements for energy security remain ineffective despite the emergence of the energy-oriented institutions. The political crisis caused by Russia's annexation of Crimea in 2014 shows such a misuse of