title: Turkish Online Journal of Qualitative Inquiry
abstract: This study employs defence Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) to quantitatively assess the strategic impact of low-cost, asymmetrical maritime drone warfare during the 2022–2024 Russia–Ukraine War. Specifically, we investigate the mediating role of Asymmetric Deterrence (LDeter​) on the relationship between Uncrewed Underwater Vehicle (UUV) Operational Effectiveness (LEff​) and the observable Military Strategy Shift (LShift​) by the Russian Black Sea Fleet. Using time-series data derived from O
journal: Turkish Online Journal of Qualitative Inquiry