title: Impact of Winter Cooling on Water Vertical Entrainment and Intensity of Phytoplankton Bloom in the Black Sea
abstract: Vertical entrainment of nutrients and phytoplankton from the subsurface layers in autumn -winter is a cause of the surface phytoplankton bloom in the Black Sea in winter. Relationship of the winter heat flux and the sea surface temperature (SST) with the integral and surface phytoplankton biomass is assessed based on a series of simulations performed due to a 1D-biogeochemical model. The results show that during severe winters, intensity of phytoplankton bloom is 50% higher than that in warm win
journal: Physical Oceanography