title: Jihad: From the word to the cultural universal
abstract: The article analyzes the widespread interpretations of the concept of jihad as a holy war, a war with the infidels, as well as lesser known ones struggle, diligence, effort. Its ambiguity is determined by the impossibility of an unambiguous definition of jihad. The author has made an attempt to reconstruct and group approaches to the definition of jihad, on the basis of which jihad is proposed to be understood as an idea that is implemented in the practices of various levels, depending on the so
journal: Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya