title: Effect of the Duration of Membership in the GATT/WTO on Economic Growth Volatility
abstract: <title>Abstract</title> This article investigates the effect of the duration of membership in the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) and the World Trade Organization (WTO) on economic growth volatility. Using an unbalanced panel dataset of 153 countries over the period 1980-2019, the empirical analysis has revealed that the duration of membership in the GATT/WTO has been associated with lower economic growth volatility, with this negative effect being larger in member states that were
journal: Research Square