title: The Eastern Partnership of the European Union. From Polish-Swedish Initiative to a Uniﬁed Approach Toward Eastern Neighbours: The Case of Ukraine
abstract: This paper examines the transformation of the European Union’s Eastern Partnership (EaP) in light of Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine and the shifting geopolitical realities of Eastern Europe. Launched in 2009 to promote democratic reforms and closer EU integration among six eastern neighbours – Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Moldova, and Ukraine – the EaP now faces a fundamental reassessment of its goals and relevance. Ukraine’s candidacy for EU membership, formalised in 2022 and
journal: Studia Europejskie-Studies in European Affairs