title: Diverse landscape of urban and regional shrinkage in Russia
abstract: This chapter explores different patterns of shrinkage and emerging responses in Russia. The aim is to foreground if and how urban shrinkage is addressed in planning and policy documents adopted by different governance levels. Firstly, the chapter explains the country’s existing demographic situation, causes, and dynamics of national, regional, and urban population change. It also discusses policies approved at the national level that address demographic issues. Secondly, the chapter presents the