title: Mob, Murder, Motivation: The Emergence of Hate Crime Discourse in India
abstract: Since 2015, various legal and civil society actors started highlighting the visible rise in media-recorded incidents of anti-Dalit and anti-Muslim violence in the country. These conversations were marked by diverse and competing ways of describing and legally addressing such events. One of the categories that the various actors came to deploy was hate crime. The hate crime concept is distinct from other alternatives like lynching, communal riots, and vigilantism due to its simultaneous focus on 
journal: Socio-Legal Review