title: Introduction
abstract: groups within the historical record. 7Some scholarse venp ronounced a "biographical turn" in historicalresearch, continuing the shiftfrom "the abstract and structural approaches of the past to the situating of human experience as the starting point of historical interpretation." 8Nevertheless, there remain challenges in abiographicalapproach.One common pitfall is that historians tend to look at individualst hrough the lens of regional, national, or imperialh istory, even though such boundaries w
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