title: Chapter Five. The Procedure Of Peacemaking
abstract: The nature of the Crimean relations with both its northern neighbors: Muscovy and Poland-Lithuania, discloses numerous analogies. The Crimean khans, at least officially, regarded both northern rulers as their tributaries, who were expected to send tribute on time and to apply for solemn yarliqs, confirming their possessions. The Polish envoys, sent to the khans from Cracow and then Warsaw, were likewise typically recruited from among the royal courtiers and secretaries, to mention only Marcin Br