title: TRADE UNION–POLITICS RELATIONS IN FRANCE
abstract: This article examines the complex and evolving relationship between trade unions and political power in France. Focusing on the historical trajectory from the French Revolution to the 20th century, the study explores how labor movements emerged, transformed, and interacted with state institutions and political ideologies. Through the lens of key legislative milestones, ideological currents, and institutional structures, the article highlights the dual role of trade unions as both socio-economic 
journal: Reconstructing the Past Journal of Historical Studies