title: Safe havens in the digital age: Cryptocurrencies and geopolitical risks
abstract: This study examines the impact of geopolitical risks (GPR) on cryptocurrency volatility, with a focus on green and non-green cryptocurrencies. Geopolitical risks - stemming from conflicts, terrorism, and political tensions - have significant implications for financial markets and investment decisions, as highlighted by recent events such as the Russia-Ukraine war, Israel-Hamas conflict, tensions in the Korean Peninsula, China-Taiwan disputes, and US-UK actions against Houthi forces in the Red Se
journal: Ho Chi Minh City Open University Journal of Science- Economics and Business Administration