title: Enforcing collective/community interests through essential security clauses and solidarity measures in the context of Russia’s aggression against Ukraine
abstract: Abstract Russia’s renewed aggression against Ukraine in 2022 led to the imposition of unilateral coercive measures in violation of World Trade Organisation and European Union obligations. While some of these measures were justified as necessary to protect essential security interests, this article evaluates their lawfulness under these agreements and the law on solidarity measures. The article argues that while invoking essential security interest exceptions runs the risk of abuse, exempted from
journal: Journal of Conflict and Security Law