title: Kaliningrad. A Challenge or Threat for Polish Security
abstract: <ns3:p>Kaliningrad Oblast has been recognized as a troubled Poland’s neighbor causing challenges during peace and threat in the case of crisis and war. It has been elevated after the Russian annexation of Crimea and aggression against Ukraine. Poland has reacted by denying cross-border traffic to limit hybrid threats. Militarization of the Oblast is a real concern requiring denying the threat utilizing national and NATO capabilities. The paper aims to discuss the Kaliningrad Oblast-based challen
journal: Studia Administracji i Bezpieczeństwa