title: Russian Foreign Policy Orientation Under Putin in Relation to Pakistan and Its Implications on India
abstract: This research explores the orientation of Russia's foreign policy under President Vladimir Putin, focusing specifically on its evolving relationship with Pakistan and the implications this has for India. Historically, Russia has maintained close ties with India, while Pakistan has leaned toward alliances with the United States and China. However, since the 2010s, there has been a perceptible shift in Russia-Pakistan relations, including increased defence cooperation and economic engagements, rai
journal: ijpmonline