title: Integrated Deterrence in Practice: The 2022 United States National Defense Strategy Towards the Russia-Ukraine War
abstract: This paper analyzes the implementation of integrated deterrence by the United States, as articulated in the 2022 National Defense Strategy (NDS), in response to the Russia–Ukraine War. The central issue examined is how a strategy originally tailored to counter China was adapted to address Russia’s invasion of Ukraine. Integrated deterrence seeks to align military and non-military instruments across domains and in coordination with allies, yet its real-world application presents complex challenge
journal: International Journal of Humanities Education and Social Sciences