title: Cyber Crime Effects
abstract: Cyber crime effects, spanning from petty theft to holding government IT systems hostage, are quantified in the time and cost that is required to recover from the crime. Cyber criminal effects are sometimes strategic and usually monetized in crypto currency. For example, in 2021 alone, we had fuel shortages that shut down the U.S. East Coast (Colonial Pipeline) and locked the Costa Rican government out of its computer systems. These criminal attacks on strategic targets, aiming at a simple profit