abstract: Azerbaijani cartooning evolved in close connection with European and Russian satirical literature and media, adapting to the local cultural environment and developing both national and international artistic forms.It occupies a unique place in the history of world caricature, positively influencing the formation of satirical press and graphics in Central Asia, Tatarstan, Crimea, the Caucasus, and especially Iran, and has played an invaluable role in the advancement of political satire.The resear
journal: Klironomy Journal