title: Poland: Political Developments and Data in 2023
abstract: Abstract After a lengthy and intense electoral campaign, which culminated in two opposition-led mass protest marches in Warsaw in June and October, Polish citizens cast their votes in a parliamentary election on 15 October. The ruling Law and Justice ( Prawo i Sprawiedliwość , PiS) party faced in the election a broad alliance of the so-called democratic opposition parties. The latter contested the election in three blocs, the liberal Civic Coalition ( Koalicja Obywatelska ), the moderately conse
journal: European Journal of Political Research Political Data Yearbook