title: Analyzing the Influence of Foreign Debt on Non-Oil Economic Growth: A Case Study of Iraq Using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) Model from 2003 to 2022
abstract: Developing countries' external debt is a strategic tool used by creditor countries to exert pressure on debtor countries, creating a complex dynamic. This article explores the determinants of Iraq's external debt. The methodology used includes unit root tests, long-run and short-run analyzes using autoregressive distributed (ARDL) models, and diagnostic tests to ensure model validity. The results reveal that external debt has a significant negative impact in the long and short term on non-oil ec
journal: Academic Journal of Digital Economics and Stability