title: Beyond Vulnerability
abstract: The paper examines the situation of migrant domestic workers in Poland, focusing on their needs, the risks they face, and the opportunities to enhance their resilience and empowerment. The research is based on the analytical model developed by Helma Lutz and Ewa Palenga-Möllenbeck, which addresses the macro (labor market, migration policies), meso (social networks), and micro (individual workers’ experiences) levels. Particular attention is given to Ukrainian migrants who arrived both before and
journal: Kultura i Społeczeństwo