title: Identifying co-parties to armed conflict in international law
abstract: States have often relied on each other’s support to wage wars. But, as military technology advances, contemporary armed conflicts are increasingly characterized by complex patterns of cooperation involving states, international organizations and non-state armed groups. These patterns make it difficult to identify who among the cooperating partners qualifies as a party to conflict – referred to in this research paper as co-parties. But that status has significant legal consequences in the regulat