title: Memes in Journalistic Texts about the Pandemic and War: Frequency and Strategies of Use
abstract: This study aimed to determine whether memes in journalistic materials increased during such prolonged crises as the pandemic and the full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine. A content analysis of Polish media outlets Fakt, WP Wiadomości, Wyborcza, Rzeczpospolita, and the Ukrainian outlet Suspilne from December 2019 to April 2024 helped identify 1,271 articles featuring memes and examine the strategies for using memes in these articles. The topic of the war is dominant in Suspilne and Rzeczpospoli
journal: Roczniki Nauk Społecznych