title: Sanctions as a Form of Dialogue
abstract: This chapter proposes a broader view on international economic sanctions. They should not only be recognised as a tool of coercion, but also as a multifunctional foreign policy instrument that punishes, deters, reassures and signals. The analysis questions the dominant approach that measures the effectiveness of sanctions only through major changes in the policy of the target and argues that restrictions have turned into an important ingredient of political dialogue. Looking at sanctions as a fo