abstract: History and politics are a constant debate about the past, present and future.It is an integral part of social-political, economic and cultural life, and it is too early to talk about the "end of history" if there is an irreparable geographical situation.Tastrofa did not happen on earth.Obviously, there are a lot of "humanitarian problems" in the world, which recently appeared on the international arena, and their scale makes us think deeply.The presented paper analyzes the historical path of ca
journal: Historical Verticals