title: The Tatar-Cossack Invasion of 1648: Military Actions, Material Destruction and Demographic Losses in the Land of Przemyśl
abstract: Annus hic 1648 pessimus erat pro toto Regno Poloniae specialiter vero pro parte Russiae'. 1 These words, entered in the chronicle of the Franciscan monastery in Lvov and referring to the events related to the Cossack rebellion headed by Bohdan Chmielnicki (Khmel'nyts'ky), 2 contain a general, though accurate, refl ection on the situation of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, and especially its Red Ruthenian lands, in the face of the outbreak of the Cossack uprising in the spring of 1648. The in
journal: Acta Poloniae Historica