title: The European Union’s Arctic Policy and Russia’s Threat Perception: Reflections of The Ukraine War
abstract: The European Union (EU) and the Russian Federation (Russia) are two important actors that have developed and implemented policies towards the Arctic region since the 2000s. The Ukrainian War brought these two sides face to face in the Arctic. The war caused a shift in the EU&amp;#039;s Arctic policy from cooperation and environmental issues to security-oriented policies. This article examines the EU&amp;#039;s Arctic policies leading up to the Ukrainian War and analyzes which steps Russia percei
journal: DergiPark (Istanbul University)