title: Russia’s Anti-Western Tilt in Africa
abstract: Abstract This chapter examines the impact of the systemic confrontation in U.S.–Russia relations, which escalated after the 2014 annexation of Crimea, on the Kremlin’s Africa policy. Aside from US efforts to thwart the construction of a Russian naval base in Djibouti, the Russia–West relationship in Africa was largely characterized by “hostility without confrontation.” Russia’s burgeoning partnership with China did not readily translate into Sino–Russian cooperation in Africa. The continued lack
journal: Oxford University Press eBooks