title: Vom proletarischen Tourismus zumstalinistischen Gipfelsturm : Bergsteigen in der frühen Sowjetunion
abstract: The Russian word for mountaineering is „al’pinizm“ – and it was in the Alps where Russians first became acquainted with mountain sports at the turn of the 20th century. From there, they brought both theoretical and practical knowledge of modern mountaineering back to the Russian empire, where at the end of the 19th century the first local “mountain clubs” were established in the Caucasus and on the Crimea, modelled on western mountaineering associations. But mountaineering remained a sport of a 