title: Trade and economic and cultural relations of Galician land and Volhynia with Western European countries
abstract: Foreign policy, trade and economic relations with neighbors are an important factor influencing cultural and artistic processes in any country. The subject of international relations of the princely period was widely covered in the academic literature, primarily on the basis of written sources 1 . However, the new archaeological material allows us to better clarify several important issues 2 . Archaeological and numismatic finds are the most reliable sources of information about the trade in pre