title: ORIGIN AND TAXONOMY OF THE NEOPLEISTOCENE-HOLOCENE PONTO-CASPIAN BENTHIC FORAMINIFERA
abstract: This paper outlines the origin and taxonomy of the Neopleistocene—Holocene Ponto-Caspian benthic foraminifera for their future use in stratigraphy, geological history, and paleogeographic reconstructions, including water exchange between the neighboring basins. It is shown that the Caspian foraminiferal fauna is shallow, highly endemic (92%), and contains many (61%) agglutinated species and subspecies. The Pontic foraminiferal fauna is characterized not only by insignificant endemism (0.6%) at t
journal: Geological Journal