title: Emerging Intelligence Paradigms in the Russia–Ukraine War:CROWDINT, CITINT, and the Digital Battlespace
abstract: This article investigates the emergence of new intelligence disciplines catalysed by the war in Ukraine, revealing the obsolescence of legacy models in technologically saturated conflict environments. It examines the operational integration of crowdsourced intelligence (CROWDINT), citizen intelligence (CITINT), and AI-enabled analytical tools, which together enable real-time situational awareness and decentralised decision-making. The analysis highlights the increasingly critical role of commerc
journal: Obrana a strategie (Defence & Strategy)