title: The Miocene bryozoan biogerms of the Kazantip Cape, Crimea: the role of gas-fluid seepage in their genesis
abstract: A complex of modern physical investigations of carbonate crusts covering Lower Miocene bryozoan limestone from the Kazantip Cape showed that bryozoans built a biohermal skeleton due to the synsedimentation of bioinduced cement. The mineral association (Mg-calcite + aragonite) indicates the existence of near-bottom environment typical for gas-hydrate biogenic mineral formation as a result of bacterial methane oxidation during the formation of bioherms. The presence of bitumen, pyrite, strontianit