title: Adsorption-based Separation and Recovery of Rare Earth Elements
abstract: librium adsorption capacity (q e ) (eq. 1a), maximum adsorption capacity calculated using Langmuir isotherm (q m ) (eq. 1e), % adsorption (eq.1b), solid-liquid distribution (partitioning) coefficient (K d ) (eq. 1c), and selectivity factor (SF) between element A and B (eq. 1d) in case of competitive adsorption or adsorption from a multi-element solution.These parameters are defined as follows: