title: Revisiting Pathological Conditions on Artificially Deformed Skulls of the Middle Bronze Age from the Lower Volga region
abstract: Introduction. The paper defines pathological conditions arguably developed as the result of the cranium deforming practices. Material and methods. One hundred and fifty-eight brain capsules dating back to the Middle Bronze Age were studied; 42 showed traces of artificial deformation. Comparison of the series of normal and deformed skulls was carried out on the basis of 21 signs identified. The author compared frequencies of pathological conditions between the deformed and non-deformed skulls usi
journal: Moscow University Anthropology Bulletin (Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta Seria XXIII Antropologia)