title: Bruno Figliuolo. <i>Dal Mar Nero al delta del Nilo: I Pisani e i loro commerci nel Levante (secoli XIII–XIV)</i>
abstract: Pisa, the historical rival of Genoa and the Kingdom of Aragon for supremacy in the western Mediterranean, also played a major political role in the East, where the presence of Pisans is documented starting from the First Crusade (1096–1099).1 Notary deeds, city chronicles, and hagiographic literature highlight the nature of this presence and its importance and evolution over time. Particularly significant Pisan sources include the ancient parchments conserved in the archives of the charterhouse 
journal: Hiperboreea Journal of History