title: The Formation and Development of Ismail Gasprinski’s Political Views
abstract: Ismail Gasprinski’s political views developed within the Jadidism movement among Russian Muslims. In the 19th century, colonialism harmed Muslim economies, but it also led to the emergence of a new elite in social and political spheres. Gasprinski started Jadidism by establishing the first usul-i jadid school in Crimea in 1884. His goal was to modernize Muslims through education, women’s rights, and political reform. His experiences in Europe and Istanbul helped him blend Eastern and Western cul
journal: Gazi Akademik Bakış