abstract: The protection of civilians and hors de combat in armed conflicts has been a paramount concern for the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC).In this context, protected area as a protective mechanism has emerged as a significant measure to safeguard civilians and provide safe haven during armed conflicts within the framework of International Humanitarian Law (IHL).This paper explores the ICRC's endeavours in negotiating, establishing and overseeing protected areas during various armed c
journal: ZANKO Journal of Law and Politics