title: Anisotropy of the Surface Energy of Steel and Nickel Alloys in Aviation
abstract: The article presents the values of the thickness of the surface layer and the surface energy of steel and nickel parts of the aircraft industry. The thickness of the surface layer for the face (100) is about 1.7 nm, which coincides with the thickness of the surface layer of iron - R(I)=M/ρ = 1.7 nm, since iron in these steels is more than 70%. The R(I) layer contains ≈ 6 iron monolayers. In the [111] plane, the lowest value of the surface energy (~1060 mJ/m2 ) is observed. The average thickness 
journal: Material and Mechanical Engineering Technology