title: The heritage of the Golden Horde: scientific cooperation between scientists from Tatarstan and Kazakhstan
abstract: Scientists from Tatarstan and Kazakhstan have been successfully developing cooperation in the field of studying the heritage of the Golden Horde. Since 1996, memorandums of cooperation have been signed between Marjani Institute of History of the Tatarstan Academy of Sciences and scientific centers of Kazakhstan, and joint research projects are being implemented. International forums, scientific conferences and round tables serve as an important platform for multilateral scientific discussions. T
journal: From History and Culture of Peoples of the Middle Volga Region