title: Przestrzeń publiczna Warszawy w pierwszej połowie XIX wieku
abstract: The term public space is coined by and for the use of twentieth-century urban planning. It is also a subject of research of various faculties of humanities, such as history, sociology, psychology or anthropology. The term public space is used to refer to these parts of a city which are owned by the state or the city itself and generally are open and accessible to its inhabitants, who can feel at ease there. Thus, a typical public space is an open area, such as city roads and squares, and not the