title: A Survey of Immigration Models and Refugee Protection Schemes and their Consequences: The Case of Ukrainian Refugees
abstract: After its illegal occupation and annexation of Crimea in 2014 and continued military support for separatists in the Donbas, Russia escalated its war against Ukraine in February 2022 with direct ground attacks by Russian military forces on Ukraine's eastern, northern and southern borders, a blockade of Ukraine's coast and aerial attacks throughout the country. Millions of Ukrainians fled, including thousands of international students residing in Ukraine. Countries around the world responded to th
journal: Journal of Human Trafficking Enslavement and Conflict-Related Sexual Violence