title: Geoeconomic Pressure
abstract: Geoeconomic pressure—the use of existing economic relationships by governments toachieve geopolitical or economic ends—has become a prominent feature of global powerdynamics. This paper introduces a methodology using large language models (LLMs) tosystematically extract signals of geoeconomic pressure from large textual corpora. Wequantify not just the direct effects of implemented policies but also the off-path threatsthat induce compliance without formal action. We systematically identify gove