title: 6. Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA)
abstract: This year, the PCA acted as a registry in four inter-state proceedings, 105 investor-state arbitrations, and sixty-five cases under contracts or other agreements involving a state or other public entities (<https://pca-cpa.org/en/cases/>). The cases with environmental and natural resource aspects are described below. The PCA acted as a registry in this arbitration, where Ukraine claimed coastal states’ rights in the Black Sea under Annex VII to the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of th
journal: Yearbook of International Environmental Law