title: Efficacy of the European Union and the United States' Sanctioning of Russia in Response to Breaches of Ukrainian Sovereignty
abstract: This research inquiry breaks down some of the intricacies of US and EU sanctions imposed on Russia following the breaches of Ukrainian sovereignty by the Kremlin in 2014. These sanctions are examined for their direct fiscal impacts and implicit efficacies as the result of specific policies. This paper seeks to identify nuanced characteristics of various sanctions and determine how sanction efficacy is tied to the classification under which the controlled product/good category is considred. This 
journal: Claremont-UC Undergraduate Research Conference on the European Union