title: Generating Change Locally: Energy Communities as a Pillar of Energy Sovereignty and Civil Society in Poland
abstract: This article explores the role of energy communities in Poland as a pillar of local energy transition, energy sovereignty, and civil society development. Against the backdrop of EU climate and energy policies—including RED II, RED III, and Electricity Directives—it analyses the legal, institutional, and socio-economic conditions shaping their formation. The study highlights challenges such as regulatory incoherence, infrastructural and cultural legacies, and limited citizen engagement. By review
journal: WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON BUSINESS AND ECONOMICS