title: Ironclad US commitment to NATO? From NATO expansion to the Ukraine crisis
abstract: Russia's invasion of Ukraine in 2022 is not an accident but an inevitable consequence of how the West, especially the US, has utilised NATO in the post-Cold War period.This encompasses the activities which the US has supported NATO to pursue in the last 30 years: transformation, expansion, and participation in "out of area" actions.However, the US has never found it easy to help NATO remain the leading security organisation in Europe, not only because of threats posed by outside actors like Russ
journal: Cogent Social Sciences