title: Ukraine
abstract: Ukraine has been through several stages of national security orientation: non-alignment, aspiration to join NATO, non-alignment and orientation on Russia and, since 2014, defence from Russian aggression and aspiration to join NATO in the future. The inconsistencies in national strategies have led to confusing military doctrines and an ineffective military posture. In 2014, the response of Ukraine’s armed forces during the Russian annexation of Crimea and in the early phase of the operations agai
journal: Oxford University Press eBooks