title: Nikolay Ivanovich Pirogov: Forerunner, co-founder and Inspector-General of the Red Cross
abstract: Surgeon Nikolay I. Pirogov and Grand Duchess Elena Pavlovna Romanova, née Württemberg, contributed substantially to the emergence of neutral organised care to soldiers during times of war and victims of epidemics. They closely cooperated in organising and training women as nurses to care for the wounded at the battlefront during the Crimean war. Russia became the first country to send trained nurses to the Crimea. They became a model for other women to train as nurses by the Red Cross. Their exp
journal: Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University Medicine