| --- |
| license: cc-by-nc-4.0 |
| task_categories: |
| - audio-classification |
| - automatic-speech-recognition |
| language: |
| - ar |
| size_categories: |
| - 100K<n<1M |
| tags: |
| - arabic |
| - arabic-speech |
| - ASR |
| - quran |
| arxiv: 2604.18932 |
| pretty_name: 'Tadabur: A Large-Scale Quran Audio Dataset' |
| configs: |
| - config_name: default |
| data_files: |
| - split: train |
| path: data/train-*.parquet |
|
|
| - config_name: preview |
| data_files: |
| - split: train |
| path: preview.parquet |
| --- |
| |
| <div align="center"> |
|
|
| <img src="tadabur_logo.png" alt="Tadabur Logo" width="160" style="margin-bottom: 1rem;"> |
|
|
| <h1>Tadabur: A Large-Scale Quran Audio Dataset</h1> |
|
|
| <p><em>The most comprehensive and richly annotated Qur'anic recitation corpus to date</em></p> |
|
|
| <p> |
| <strong>Faisal Alherran</strong> |
| </p> |
|
|
| <p> |
| <a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.18932"><img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/📄_Paper-Tadabur-a27b5c?style=flat-square" alt="Paper"></a> |
| |
| <a href="https://github.com/fherran/tadabur"><img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/GitHub-fherran%2Ftadabur-1c1f1e?style=flat-square&logo=github" alt="GitHub"></a> |
| |
| <a href="https://huggingface.co/FaisaI"><img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/🎙_Models-FaisaI-374440?style=flat-square" alt="Models"></a> |
| |
| <a href="#license"><img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/License-CC_BY--NC_4.0-dfc49a?style=flat-square" alt="License"></a> |
| </p> |
|
|
| </div> |
|
|
| --- |
|
|
| ## ✦ Overview |
|
|
| **Tadabur** is a large-scale, high-diversity Qur'anic speech dataset designed to advance research in **Qur'anic Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR)**, **reciter modeling**, **tajwīd-aware speech processing**, and **prosodic analysis**. It is the most comprehensive publicly available collection of Qur'anic recitation audio to date. |
|
|
| --- |
|
|
| ## 📊 Dataset at a Glance |
|
|
| | Property | Value | |
| |:---|:---| |
| | 🕐 **Total Audio Duration** | 1400+ hours | |
| | 🎙️ **Distinct Reciters** | 600+ | |
| | 🔗 **Alignment** | Verse-level + word-level timestamps | |
| | ⚖️ **License** | CC BY-NC 4.0 | |
|
|
| --- |
|
|
| ## 🧭 Abstract |
|
|
| Despite growing interest in Quranic data research, existing Quran datasets remain limited in both scale and diversity. To address this gap, we present **Tadabur**, a large-scale Quran audio dataset comprising more than **1400 hours** of recitation audio from over **600 distinct reciters**, providing substantial variation in recitation styles, vocal characteristics, and recording conditions. |
|
|
| Tadabur includes complete coverage of all Qur'an, spanning styles such as *murattal* and *mujawwad*. Each file is accompanied by automatically derived **word-level temporal alignments** and structured metadata in a consistent JSON schema. |
|
|
| This diversity makes Tadabur a comprehensive and representative resource for Quranic speech research — enabling advances in ASR, tajwīd-aware modeling, reciter identification, and prosodic analysis. |
|
|
| --- |
|
|
| ## 📈 Comparison with Prior Datasets |
|
|
| | Dataset | Samples | Reciters | Transcription | Word-Level Alignment | |
| |:---|---:|---:|:---:|:---:| |
| | Quran Recitations (Kaggle) | 6,689 | 12 | ✗ | ✗ | |
| | Quran Speech-to-Text (SLR132) | 226,129 | 30 | ✓ | ✗ | |
| | Buraaq Quran Audio–Text | 187,080 | 30 | ✓ | ✗ | |
| | **Tadabur** *(Ours)* | **365,000+** | **600+** | **✓** | **✓** | |
|
|
| > Tadabur surpasses all prior publicly available Quranic datasets by a wide margin in scale, reciter diversity, and annotation richness. |
|
|
| --- |
|
|
| ## 🔄 Dataset Pipeline |
|
|
| A fully automated, multi-stage process transforms raw long-form recitations into clean, verse-level annotated audio files: |
|
|
| ``` |
| 🌐 Collection → 🤖 LLM Metadata → 🎙️ WhisperX Align → ✂️ Boundary Detect → 🧹 Curation |
| Public repos Surah & reciter Word-level Recitation-stop ASR filtering & |
| & archives extraction via LLM timestamps & AAM segmenter deduplication |
| ``` |
|
|
| --- |
|
|
| ## 🧩 Dataset Structure |
|
|
| Each example in the dataset consists of two components: |
|
|
| 1. **Audio file** — a single Qur'anic verse (`.wav`) |
| 2. **Metadata file (JSON)** — verse, reciter, and word alignment info |
|
|
| ### JSON Schema |
|
|
| ```json |
| { |
| "reciter_id": 88, |
| "surah_id": 3, |
| "ayah_id": 82, |
| "word_alignments": [ |
| { |
| "word": "أَفَلَا", |
| "start": 0.00, |
| "end": 0.62 |
| }, |
| ... |
| ], |
| "text_ar_simple": "افلا يتدبرون القران ولو كان من عند غير الله لوجدوا فيه اختلافا كثيرا", |
| "text_ar_uthmani": "أَفَلَا يَتَدَبَّرُونَ ٱلْقُرْءَانَ ۚ وَلَوْ كَانَ مِنْ عِندِ غَيْرِ ٱللَّهِ لَوَجَدُوا۟ فِيهِ ٱخْتِلَـٰفًا كَثِيرًا", |
| "ayah_duration_s": 10.9, |
| "audio_filename": "tadabur_spk0088_S3_A82_db1f8e71_000003.wav" |
| } |
| ``` |
|
|
| ### File Naming Convention |
|
|
| ``` |
| tadabur_spk{reciter_id:04d}_S{surah_id}_A{ayah_id}_{hash}_{segment:06d}.wav |
| ``` |
|
|
| --- |
|
|
| ## 🎯 Supported Tasks |
| | Task | Description | |
| |:---|:---| |
| | 🗣️ **Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR)** | Verse-level transcription of Qur'anic audio | |
| | 👤 **Reciter Identification** | Speaker classification across 600 reciters | |
| | 📊 **Model Evaluation** | Benchmarking ASR models on Qur'anic speech using WER | |
|
|
| --- |
|
|
| ## 🤖 Fine-Tuned Whisper Models |
|
|
| Alongside the dataset, we release Whisper models fine-tuned on Tadabur for Qur'anic ASR. These models are domain-adapted to handle prolonged phoneme durations, tajwīd rules, melodic articulation, and the wide acoustic diversity unique to Qur'anic recitation. |
|
|
| | Model | Base | Status | Link | |
| |:---|:---|:---:|:---| |
| | **Tadabur-Whisper-Small** | Whisper Small | ✅ Available | [🤗 HuggingFace](https://huggingface.co/FaisaI/tadabur-Whisper-Small) | |
|
|
| --- |
|
|
| ## 📝 Notes |
|
|
| - Some reciters may appear **multiple times for the same surah and ayah**. These repetitions intentionally capture **natural variation** in recitation, including differences in pace, melody, pronunciation, and recording conditions. |
| - Recitation styles include *murattal* (measured/standard), *mujawwad* (melodic/ornate), and others. |
| - Audio was collected from public Qur'anic repositories and archives, then processed through the automated pipeline described above. |
|
|
| --- |
|
|
| ## ⚖️ License |
|
|
| This dataset is released under the **[Creative Commons Attribution–NonCommercial 4.0 (CC BY-NC 4.0)](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/)** license. |
|
|
| **For research and educational purposes only. Attribution is required.** |
|
|
| --- |
|
|
| ## 🕌 Ethical & Cultural Considerations |
|
|
| The Qur'an holds deep religious and cultural significance for over a billion people worldwide. Tadabur is intended solely for **respectful and beneficial use**, including: |
|
|
| - ✅ Academic research |
| - ✅ Education and literacy tools |
| - ✅ Development of assistive technologies |
|
|
| 🚫 Users must **not** employ this dataset for: |
| - Mockery or distortion of Qur'anic recitation |
| - Disrespectful or misleading audio synthesis |
| - Any application that may cause offense to Muslim communities |
|
|
| --- |
|
|
| ## 📚 Citation |
|
|
| If you use Tadabur in your research, please cite: |
|
|
| ```bibtex |
| @misc{alherran2026tadabur, |
| author = {Alherran, Faisal}, |
| title = {Tadabur: A Large-Scale Quran Audio Dataset}, |
| year = {2026}, |
| eprint = {2604.18932}, |
| archivePrefix = {arXiv}, |
| primaryClass = {cs.SD}, |
| doi = {10.48550/arXiv.2604.18932}, |
| url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.18932} |
| } |
| ``` |
|
|
| --- |
|
|
| <div align="center"> |
| <sub> |
| <strong>Tadabur</strong> · A Large-Scale Quran Audio Dataset · |
| <a href="https://github.com/fherran/tadabur">github.com/fherran/tadabur</a> |
| <br> |
| Released under CC BY-NC 4.0 for research and educational use. |
| Users must engage with Qur'anic content respectfully. |
| </sub> |
| </div> |
