Darin Brooks
American actor
Darin Lee Brooks (born May 27, 1984) is an American actor. He is known for portraying Max Brady on the NBC daytime soap opera "Days of Our Lives", Alex Moran on the Spike TV series "Blue Mountain State", and Wyatt Spencer on the CBS soap opera "The Bold and the Beautiful".
Early life.
Brooks was born and raised in Honolulu, Hawaii. Brooks graduated from Henry J. Kaiser High School in 2002. He is of Polish descent.
Career.
Brooks started his acting career with the theater program at his high school. He played Rapunzel's prince in his high school's production of "Into the Woods". He later enrolled in acting classes, began modeling, and worked as an extra in films. He was discovered by casting director Kathy Henderson.
When Brooks moved to Los Angeles, California, he called Henderson immediately, took acting classes at the renowned Ivana Chubbuck Studios, and got an agent. Two years after the move, he auditioned for the soap operas "One Life to Live" and "The Young and the Restless", and he was cast as Max Brady on the NBC's "Days of Our Lives". He later starred as Alex Moran on the Spike TV series "Blue Mountain State". In 2010, Brooks starred as Mr. Blake Owens on the web series "Miss Behave". In June 2013, Brooks began playing Wyatt Spencer on the CBS soap opera "The Bold and the Beautiful". In October 2023, after a decade on the show, Brooks announced his exit from the role and made his final appearance on January 19, 2024 .
Personal life.
Brooks enjoys playing the guitar, bass guitar, and drums. In 2010, he started dating actress Kelly Kruger. In February 2014, they partnered with an organization called Aid Still Required. On March 21, 2016, he and Kruger got married. In April 2019, it was announced that he and Kruger were expecting their first child. The couple's first child was born on September 22, 2019.
References.
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Liam Spencer (The Bold and the Beautiful)
Liam Spencer is a fictional character "The Bold and the Beautiful", an American soap opera on the CBS network, played by Scott Clifton. He made his first appearance during the episode broadcast on July 19, 2010. Introduced as the long-lost son of media mogul Bill Spencer Jr., he is recognized for his long and complicated love triangle with Hope Logan and Steffy Forrester.
Clifton's performance in the role has been met with favorable reception from audiences and critics, having garnered him the Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Younger Actor in a Drama Series in 2011. He received two Daytime Emmy nominations for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Drama Series in 2014 and 2015, winning the category in 2013. In 2017, he won in the Outstanding Lead Actor in a Drama Series category.
Creation and casting.
On May 21, 2010, Dan J Kroll from Soapcentral.com reported that actor Scott Clifton had joined the cast of "The Bold and the Beautiful" in the newly created role of Liam Cooper. Clifton was cast two months after leaving rival soap opera "One Life to Live". The actor was initially unaware of who the character was when he auditioned for the role. On his first day on set, Clifton was told that his character would be called Liam. He then met with the executive producer Bradley Bell, who told him about Liam's backstory and that he would be Bill Spencer Jr.'s (Don Diamont) long-lost son, which is why they decided to name him Liam, short for William. Clifton kept the information to himself, until it was revealed in the scripts. He filmed his first scenes on May 25, and made his screen debut as Liam on July 19, 2010.
Development.
Scott Clifton's job on "The Bold and the Beautiful" included withholding the secret of his character's paternity. Liam Cooper's introduction to viewers began with his quest to discover the true identity of his biological father, which potentially included several lead characters. Asked by the director if he wished to know the secret, or learn the truth when Liam does, Clifton agreed to hear the truth immediately. He withheld his knowledge from cast-mates and backstage crew for several months as the storyline played out.
At times, Clifton regretted that his character would not be the son of certain fathers. "Winsor [Harmon] played those scenes so subtly and sweetly, that even though I knew what was going to happen, I was watching Winsor thinking 'God, I wish I were his son.'" Yet, Clifton has praised the storyline and defended the choice of who ultimately became Liam's father, Bill Spencer Jr., portrayed by Don Diamont. The fictional father/son duo have consistently clashed, which has led to greater storytelling potential.
An early plot hole was revealed to Clifton by fans of the show. Early on, Liam learns of the Forrester family after arriving in Los Angeles. But later it was revealed that he believed one of the Forresters could be his father even before he moved.
Of the character's unrevealed history, Clifton knows little. His interpretation of the character is that he is from the Midwest. He also believes that, while Liam's mother is dead, he has a living stepfather, who has yet to be introduced.
Storylines.
After the death of his mother, Liam relocates to Los Angeles to find his biological father. His only clue is that his father worked at the prestigious fashion house Forrester Creations. Liam finds employment as a computer technician at Spencer Publications. Liam later reveals that he could be Ridge Forrester's (Ronn Moss) son. Hope Logan (Kim Matula) takes pity on Liam and they become friends. Both Bill Spencer Jr. (Don Diamont) and Thorne Forrester (Winsor Harmon) are revealed to have dated Kelly and could be Liam's father. While they wait for DNA results, Liam and Thorne form a bond. Liam learns Bill is his father and with Hope and Katie Logan's (Heather Tom) encouragement, they start to bond. Hope and Liam begin dating. Amber Moore (Adrienne Frantz) convinces Liam that they had sex and she is carrying his child. It soon emerges that Amber's mother, Tawny (Andrea Evans), faked the paternity test
Liam proposes to Hope. Hope asks Liam to wait before they are married to consummate their relationship because of her clothing line. Hope ends the engagement. Liam and Steffy marry, but their marriage is opposed by Katie and Brooke Logan (Katherine Kelly Lang). While on vacation in Cabo, Liam finds that Hope is there with Thomas Forrester (Adam Gregory). He realizes that Steffy knew they were there and did not tell him. Liam goes after Hope, who is riding an ATV with Thomas. After catching up to them, Liam kisses Hope. They then find Steffy unconscious, having crashed her own ATV. Liam initially decides to stand by Steffy when he learns she has a blood clot in her brain, but he reunites with Hope after learning Bill switched MRI results. Liam ends his marriage to Steffy, but she refuses to sign the annulment papers.
While Liam, Hope, and Steffy are skiing in Aspen, Hope, who is under the influence of anti-anxiety medication, collides with Steffy. She apologizes and continues down the mountain even though Steffy is injured. Liam finds Steffy and goes with her to the hospital. Liam confronts Hope about the collision. He becomes concerned about Hope, but she tells Liam to go back to Steffy at the hospital. Steffy gives Liam the signed annulment papers, but Liam rips them up and they kiss. Bill urges Liam to break up with Hope. Brooke learns Liam ripped up the papers, but he asks her to keep it to herself. Liam and Hope go to Italy to marry, but Hope is late to the ceremony, causing Liam to think that she has walked out on him. Liam asks Steffy to marry him again, but Hope tells Liam her father, Deacon Sharpe (Sean Kanan), made her late and they finally marry. They later learn that their marriage is not valid in the United States.
When Hope discovers Liam kissed Steffy on their wedding day, she refuses to have their marriage validated and insists on a second wedding. She ends their relationship when Liam arrives to the ceremony drunk on the back of motorcycle.
Liam and Steffy get back together, and she becomes pregnant. Steffy suffers a miscarriage after an accident while riding her motorcycle and moves to Paris. Liam resumes his romance with Hope. Liam's older half-brother, Wyatt Fuller (Darin Brooks), begins working for Hope for the Future (HFTF) and competes with Liam for Hope. Wyatt's mother, Quinn (Rena Sofer), starts interfering, and Steffy returns to win Liam back.
When Hope sees Liam and Steffy together, she goes to Hawaii with Wyatt, unaware that Liam chose her. Liam tells Hope the truth, but she stays with Wyatt. Liam discovers Wyatt was behind a diamond heist at HFTF, and exposes him, but Wyatt is given another chance since the heist gave Forrester more publicity.
Liam tells Hope to date both him and Wyatt and then choose between them. When Hope learns that Quinn was partially responsible for Ridge's disappearance, she breaks up with Wyatt and accepts Liam's proposal. Quinn tries to harm Liam, and Wyatt helps save him. Their relationship improves, and Liam and Hope give Wyatt his job back.
Liam befriends the newly arrived Ivy Forrester (Ashleigh Brewer).
Wyatt is left the HFTF diamond by Ricardo Montemayor and he gifts it to Hope. Liam asks Hope to return the diamond, but when Wyatt sets up a press conference and publicly gifts the diamond to Hope, she accepts it. Wyatt and Rick take the diamond on a promotion tour, starting in Paris. Hope invites Liam to meet her there and marry her. Ivy and Aly (Ashlyn Pearce) convince Liam to meet Hope. When Ivy falls into the Seine, Liam jumps in to save her and misses his meeting with Hope. Bill tells Liam that Hope married Wyatt. Liam tells Hope the truth about being in Paris, but she does not leave Wyatt. Ivy and Liam kiss, but he still has feelings for Hope.
When Liam learns Quinn followed him and Ivy to Paris, and pushed Ivy in the Seine, he tells Hope and asks her to leave Wyatt. She refuses as she is pregnant. Liam and Ivy's relationship progresses. Hope suffers a miscarriage and leaves for Italy, after saying goodbye to Liam.
Liam eventually breaks up with Ivy, before getting back together, and breaking up again. Liam resigns from Forrester Creations and as he is about to leave, he is confronted by Quinn and passes out in front of her due to a prior injury. Quinn takes Liam to a cabin to take care of him only for Liam to wake up with no memory. Over time Liam and Quinn end up loving each other while Liam is under the impression Quinn is his wife named "Eve" and his name is "Adam." Eventually, Liam's memory is triggered by Wyatt, who is now married to Steffy.
Liam tries to regain his relationship with Steffy after getting his memory back, but she stays married to Wyatt. Eventually her marriage to Wyatt breaks down because of Quinn marrying Eric, and she rekindles her love and relationship with Liam. Liam proposes to her and she accepts, with the two getting married in Sydney, Australia.
Liam kisses Sally Spectra (Courtney Hope) when they are trapped in a burning building, and an upset Steffy has sex with Bill. Steffy reveals that she is pregnant, but Liam breaks up with when he finds out about her fling with his father due to finding a paternity test she took. Liam reconnects with Hope (now Annika Noelle). Liam plans to marry her when he believes that Steffy is having an affair with Bill, but the wedding does not go ahead when he realizes it is not true. Steffy gives birth to Liam's daughter, who they call Kelly Spencer, and Liam finds out that Hope is pregnant with his baby. Liam marries Hope and starts a new life with her, but Hope has their marriage annulled when their baby Beth is believed to have died.
Hope then marries Thomas to raise Douglas with him. Hope eventually gets back together with Liam after they find out Beth is still alive and that Thomas withheld the information for several months. Thomas goes into hiding and Hope pursues an annulment of their marriage. After resolving all problems, Hope and Liam finally get married again. Not long after, Liam believes he has seen Hope kissing Thomas and he has sex with Steffy, who becomes pregnant. Hope is heartbroken, and she leaves Liam. It comes to light that John Finnegan's (Tanner Novlan) is the father although Vinny Walker (Joe LoCicero) tries to alter the results of the paternity test. Hope tries to forgive Liam for his mistake.
One evening, Liam and Bill, who has had too much to drink, drive home, and hit Vinny with their car. He succumbs to his injuries. Liam faints, and Bill cleans up the crime scene and puts Liam back in the car and drives him home even though he has had too much to drink.
Liam and Hope get back together, and he tells her the truth about what happened to Vinny because his feels guilty. Hope initially thinks Liam should tell the police, but they are both afraid of losing each other and having the children grow up without a father. Bill tries to convince them to keep it a secret, but Liam makes a confession to the police. Liam is then released when it is revealed that Vinny committed suicide.
Liam and Hope remain married raising Beth.
Reception.
For his portrayal of Liam, Clifton won the Outstanding Younger Actor in a Drama Series accolade at the 38th Daytime Emmy Awards in 2011. At the 40th Daytime Emmy Awards in 2013, Clifton won the Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Drama Series, along with actor Billy Miller from "The Young and the Restless". Clifton was nominated in the same category at the 41st and 42nd Daytime Emmy Awards in 2014 and 2015 respectively. In 2017, Clifton won the Outstanding Lead Actor in a Drama Series at the 44th Daytime Emmy Awards.
During a feature on what storylines were working and not working for the show, a "Soap World" reporter quipped, "apologies to Team Liam fans, but he's such a wimp who wants to possess Hope despite his endlessly grating protestations of love for her. Quinn's right, he's a boy, not a man!" Helen Vnuk of "TV Week" included Liam in her feature on soap heroes, and she stated, "Ok, so Liam didn't save Ivy from an inferno or psycho killer. But, he did generously agree to marry her when she said she faced being deported to Australia. Any American who helps out an Aussie in trouble is a hero to us!"
In 2022, Charlie Mason from "Soaps She Knows" placed Liam at #8 on his ranked list of "The Bold and the Beautiful’s Best of the Best Characters Ever", commenting that "Despite his (well-earned) reputation as a waffler, we couldn't love Scott Clifton's character any more than he does Hope. Or Steffy. Then Hope again. Then Steffy. And that once, Ivy. But mostly Hope. And Steffy..."
References.
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Wyatt Spencer
Fictional character
Wyatt Spencer is a fictional character from the original CBS Daytime soap opera, "The Bold and the Beautiful", portrayed by Darin Brooks.
Created and introduced by executive producer Bradley Bell in 2013, Wyatt is the previously unknown oldest son of media mogul Bill Spencer, Jr. (Don Diamont) and Quinn Fuller (Rena Sofer). In addition to expanding the Spencer family, Wyatt immediately becomes a rival to his half-brother, Liam Spencer (Scott Clifton), for their father's affections and the affections of Liam's longtime love, Hope Logan (Kim Matula). Wyatt is raised by his single mother, Quinn, and becomes accustomed to doing anything to survive. However, it is his relationship with Hope that helps him change for the better. Despite Wyatt trying to live the best life he can, those around him, specifically Liam, consistently throw his past in his face and accuse him of being bad for Hope and bad for businesses. Wyatt and Liam's rivalry continues when he gets involved with Liam's exes, Ivy Forrester (Ashleigh Brewer) and Steffy Forrester (Jacqueline MacInnes Wood), and he also gets involved with his father's ex-wife, Katie Logan (Heather Tom). Brooks exited the role in January 2024.
Brooks' performance has been met with critical acclaim, having garnered him a Daytime Emmy Award nomination for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Drama Series in 2021.
Creation.
Casting.
On May 15, 2013, Michael Logan of "TV Guide" exclusively announced that Darin Brooks, known for his Emmy winning portrayal of Max Brady on "Days of Our Lives" had joined the cast in the newly created role of Wyatt. Brooks filmed his first scenes on May 8, 2013, with his first airdate slated for June 21. Ironically, Brooks's first airdate coincided with the anniversary of his first appearance on "Days of our Lives". Brooks revealed told "Soap Opera Digest" about how he got the job. "It happened super-quick," said Brooks of his casting. He continued, "On Monday, my manager called and said, 'We've got a chemistry test for BOLD.' On Wednesday, I went in, met people; it was great. They called afterward and asked me to come back on Friday to chemistry read with somebody else. I went in and did that, and by about noon on Friday, they were like, 'Okay, let's do this." Brooks also revealed that he was in talks to reprise his role of Max on "Days of our Lives" but said, "the timing just didn't work out." However, when it comes to "Bold", Brooks said, "The opportunity presented itself." Brooks also met with executive producer, Brad Bell before, and previously worked with supervising producer, Ed Scott during his tenure at "Days". Brooks tested opposite Kim Matula who played Hope, for his first chemistry read. The second test was with Scott Clifton, who played Liam.
In January 2021, a crossover event between The Bold and the Beautiful and "The Young and the Restless" was announced involving Brooks’ character along with the character of Flo Fulton and Y&R character of Summer Newman. Brooks’ appearances on The Young and the Restless were January 12 and 15, 2021.
In October 2023, after ten years on canvas, Brooks announced his exit from the soap; he initially made his final appearance in September 2023. Several months later, Brooks taped his last scenes, which were then aired on the January 17 and 19, 2024, episodes during which Wyatt announced his departure from Los Angeles.
Characterization.
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"With Hope, he's that nice guy, the boy next door, but he's also a little bit dangerous, a little scary."
Brooks on Wyatt's appeal.
A representative for the series described Wyatt as "clever and mysterious." Wyatt is the kind of man "who will stand up for himself" Brooks revealed. "He's a badass" Brooks stated to "TV Guide". "He's a take-charge, powerful kind of guy," Brooks said of the character in an interview with "CBS Soaps In Depth". "He's strong, he stubborn, and he's ready for anything," Brooks continued. Brooks also described Wyatt as a "charmer." According to Brooks, it is Wyatt's charming personality that makes his such a good business man. However, Wyatt's has a "dangerous charm." In an interview with "On-Air On-Soaps", Brooks said, " Wyatt is the type of guy who goes after what he feels, and he doesn’t care!" In this way, he is very much like his father, Bill Spencer (Don Diamont). Wyatt has that "bad boy-ness" in him. According to Brooks, Wyatt can also be a "nice good-natured guy." When compared to the heroic Max on "Days", Brooks described Wyatt as being "more of a playboy." Wyatt is a very "strong stubborn character," and he is willing to "take on any challenge -- or he'll at least try to." Brooks compared the character to many of Jack Nicholson's role where he plays a villain, but "he's so likeable. You hate him, but you love him."
Development.
Introduction.
The character's introduction came on the heels of the announcement that Jacqueline MacInnes Wood, who played Steffy Forrester had decided not to renew her contract and would depart from the series (she later agreed to sign on recurringly). Wood's departure would take away from the show's major romantic triangle featuring the characters of Hope (Kim Matula), Liam (Scott Clifton) and Steffy. Brooks had quite a few meetings with Brad Bell before he booked the role of Wyatt which led the actor to believe that the producers were trying to figure out "how and where" to fit the character into the canvas. Bell told Brooks that they would figure out the character as the storyline unfolded. Brooks himself suggested that Wyatt be a bit of "bad boy," and Bell "took it and ran with it." Bell crafted a back-story for the character and presented it to Brooks. Brooks said of the character's introduction, "We are sort of piecing it all together as it is unraveling." "As the story unfolds, he moves into that whole fashion-industry world and you'll find out his connection to everything" Brooks said to Michael Logan.
Paternity reveal.
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"When Wyatt found out about that he has a father, everything sort of came crashing down on him at that moment. He has been told all these lies, and it can really put your mind in a tailspin, and then you find out you have a brother, and all these families’ members, and this hidden life that has been kept from you. So he is angry, and he wants to know why? Then he finds out that Bill had given Quinn money for the abortion, and that hurts, too."
Brooks on Wyatt's reaction to his paternity revelation.
Just five days after it was announced that Brooks had joined the cast, it was also announced that Rena Sofer, known for her portrayal of Lois Cerullo on "General Hospital" was cast in the role of Wyatt's mother, Quinn Fuller. According to Brooks, Wyatt's world is "rocked" by the revelation of his paternity. At the time, Wyatt has just "poured his heart and soul into pursuing Hope," only for her to reject him for Liam. What hurts the most is that Quinn lied to him about his father. Wyatt views the situation as "We've been struggling as hard as we can to get our jewelry business off the ground and you've been keeping a billionaire from my life? This is crazy!" He sees the revelation as a potentially good thing. However, when Wyatt learns that Bill gave Quinn money to get an abortion, "He's torn between his lying mother and a father who didn't want him in the first place." Had these secrets come out over a period of time, Wyatt may have been able to take them in stride, but because everything comes out at once, Wyatt is left feeling like, "Nobody wants me. My parents are heartless liars. I'm related to a wishy-washy guy, and my girl doesn't want me." Though Wyatt initially comes off as a nice guy, Wyatt's reaction to being Bill's son "keeps people guessing what is he going to do next?" Though Wyatt is able to overlook Bill not wanting him, he clashes with Bill again when after learning he has "abandoned" his youngest son Will with estranged wife, Katie Logan (Heather Tom). According to Brooks, "Wyatt is disappointed to see his new family already coming apart." Wyatt may have gotten "overly excited" about the idea of a family. And because he sees so much of himself in Bill, it scares him to see what Bill is doing to his other family. Though Bill puts distance between himself and his son for Wyatt's judgement. Of the storyline, Brooks said that Wyatt experiences so many emotions that he doesn't know how to react "so he is lashing out." Brooks said, " Wyatt has always wanted love from his father, and he feels after all this lost time, he wants to prove himself and be loved."
Feud with Liam and romantic triangle.
Wyatt immediately becomes a rival for his brother, Liam Spencer (Scott Clifton) for the affections of Hope Logan (Kim Matula). Brooks said Wyatt's introduction sends Liam "reeling with the realization that Hope's heart, may not, in fact, be perpetually on hold for him!" Wyatt does not shy away from the challenge of battling Liam for Hope's affection. Of Wyatt's competitive nature with his brother Liam, Brooks said, "[Wyatt] has always wanted a love from a brother, but he finds it fun competition for him right now in trying to get the girl! So it’s kind of power and love at the same time." According to Brooks, challenging Liam is Wyatt's attempt at testing the "boundaries" to "see if Liam is a worthy adversary." Wyatt relishes in "getting under Liam's skin," Brooks said of Wyatt convincing Hope to accompany him to Mexico. Besides Hope, Bill seeing so much of himself in Wyatt, also causes tension between the brothers. While Bill considers some of Liam's behavior to be "un-Spencer like," but when he meets Wyatt, according to Don Diamont, Bill thinks, "Hey, look at this kid, he's great! Built in my own image!" Hope and Wyatt's business relationship serves as a catalyst to advance their personal relationship and Liam is very much threatened. Wyatt enjoys to pulling Liam's strings and "[giving] him a run for his money." According to Brooks, Wyatt continues "turning the knife," in an effort to get a reaction from Liam. Brooks said that there would always be "some kind of sibling rivalry between [Wyatt and Liam] and fighting for someone's affection, whether it's their dad's affection or Hope's affection." Though they are both generally nice guys, Liam's at times comes off as a pushover and "Wyatt's hoping that [Liam] does step up to make it a challenge." With tensions high after the paternity revelation, Wyatt thinks he can help Liam by showing him some "tough love" and forcing him to be a "stronger person." In a joint interview with "Soap Opera Digest", Brooks and Clifton discussed Wyatt and Liam's dynamic as the feuding brothers. According to Brooks, regardless of any kind of "animosity and jealousy" between the brothers, there is an "underlying love that anybody would have if they were an only sibling and now they have somebody." When asked to describe the relationship, Clifton said jokingly, "Liam no like Wyatt." He continued, "I would say layered, dialectical, and in some ways paradoxical." Brooks said, "Obviously competitive, jealous, but there's also a huge need for a brother's love that they've never had, for both of them."
Relationship with Hope.
Wyatt is immediately "smitten" with Hope explained Brooks. Wyatt has no problem challenging Liam for Hope's affections nor is he put off by her complicated romantic past. Hope initially rejects Wyatt's advances because she is engaged to Liam, but she enjoys the fact that he only has eyes for her, while Liam is consistently torn between her and her stepsister, Steffy Forrester. Later, Kim Matula commented that Hope is "super intrigued by this Wyatt guy," so the moment she finds an out with Liam, she takes it. The partnership between "Forrester Creations" and "Quinn Artisan" forces the duo to spend more time together and allows them to get closer. According to Brooks, Wyatt legitimately adores Hope. The actor revealed that he intentionally tried to portray the best in Wyatt when he is with Hope. Hope is the only person besides his mother that Wyatt seems to be completely "genuine" with. Despite claiming he doesn't have an ulterior motive, Wyatt views their business trip to Mexico to see the Hope Diamond as his chance to finally win Hope's affections. The diamond is a ""Romancing the Stone"-type of thing, where [Hope and Wyatt] go off to a foreign land in search of this diamond. It's sexy and it's Latin and it's great," Brooks said of the duo's Mexican adventure.
Storylines.
Hope sees the mysterious Wyatt taking a solar shower and takes his picture. However, he catches her, and a chase ensues which leads to her falling and hitting her head. Wyatt is immediately taken with Hope even going so far as to kiss her to wake her up. Wyatt finds Hope's cell phone and returns it to her in Los Angeles where she invites him to accompany her to a 4 July party. Hope's estranged ex, Liam Spencer (Scott Clifton) is unsettled when he finds them together at the party. They share another kiss as Hope spots his sword necklace, which is identical to Liam and his father, Bill (Don Diamont)'s. Thanks to Hope's machinations, Wyatt discovers that Bill is his long lost father and that his mother, Quinn (Rena Sofer) actually designed the original sword necklace. Angry about Quinn's lies, Wyatt moves in with Liam and Bill. However, Wyatt continues pursuing Hope and kisses her again which leads to Liam hitting him.
Liam wants to put Wyatt out of the house, but Bill convinces them to try and work through their differences. But when Wyatt berates Bill about abandoning his wife, Katie (Heather Tom) and youngest son, Will, after his affair with Katie's sister and Hope's mother, Brooke Logan (Katherine Kelly Lang), Bill disowns Wyatt anyway. Wyatt reconciles with Quinn and moves back in with her. Brooke explains the extenuating circumstances allowing Wyatt to soften toward Bill and has Bill see the situation from Wyatt's perspective. Caroline tells Bill he's treating Wyatt the same way Bill Spencer Sr. treated Bill. Bill eventually accepts Wyatt again and they start to establish a father-son relationship. Hope decides to use "Quinn Artisan" as the jewelry designer to tie to her fashion line, "Hope For the Future" and Wyatt continues pursuing Hope. Liam feels threatened and tries to convince Hope to cancel the deal, but Hope decides against it. In October 2013 at Quinn's encouragement, Wyatt takes Hope to Mexico to see the Hope Diamond as he plans to integrate the diamond into the jewelry line. Wyatt tries to get Hope to leave Liam, and be with him, but she refuses. Hope calls off her engagement to Liam after she receives an e-mail with Liam's romantic video of his life with Steffy. Quinn admits to sending the video, and Wyatt eventually comes clean about his mother's interference, and she forgives him for keeping the secret. To impress Hope, Wyatt stages a jewelry heist and manages to disarm actual jewel thieves. Liam convinces Hope that they should get married and pressures her into severing all ties with Wyatt. Abiding by Hope's wishes, Wyatt says goodbye to Hope on her the day of her wedding to Liam as he plans to go to Hawaii. He is however shocked when Hope leaves Liam at the altar after seeing him with Steffy again and travels to Hawaii with him. Liam follows soon after and reveals that Quinn set them up and convinced Steffy to return from Paris after finding out that she can now conceive again but Hope decided to start a relationship with Wyatt putting Liam in her past. However, their happiness is short lived when Liam reveals that Wyatt took the Hope Diamond and it almost ends their relationship, but Hope forgave Wyatt, and they reunite.
Hope then has a pregnancy scare and after months of exclusively dating Wyatt, Liam persuaded Hope to share equal time and make a final decision on who she wants to be with. Wyatt reluctantly agrees. When Ridge goes missing in Abu Dhabi, everyone starts blaming Quinn for it because she sends Ridge a selfie email of her and Bill. During a heated argument between Liam and Quinn at Forrester, he calls her a manipulative bitch, Wyatt enters and punches Liam for calling his mother that. Hope realises what happened and becomes upset at Wyatt for punching Liam and leaves with Liam. She feels guilty for bringing Quinn and Wyatt into the company, so she chooses to be with Liam, and they kiss. Liam later proposes to Hope, who accepts. Wyatt and Quinn are fired, but later Deacon and Wyatt learn of Quinn's plan to murder Liam. Wyatt saves his brother, and Quinn decides to check herself into a mental health facility, while Liam decides not to press charges. Liam and Wyatt decide to have a brotherly relationship, and at his urging, Hope rehires Wyatt, who will be working with the newly arrived Ivy Forrester. But then, Wyatt learns Ricardo Montemayor died and willed the Hope for the Future Diamond to him. Shocked but saddened by Ricardo's demise, Wyatt uses this opportunity to win Hope back by gifting her with the diamond. He then throws a big press conference, announcing Ricardo's death and his will, and gifts the diamond publicly to Hope, who accepts, much to Liam's chagrin. Wyatt soon learns his mother is back in LA and keeps it a secret. Quinn tells Wyatt she is better and is an outpatient. He warns her to stay away from Liam, and not involve herself in his love life.
Soon, Wyatt gets a call from the Mexican police saying they want to interview him about Ricardo's death. Wyatt asks his mom if she killed Ricardo, but she denies it. Later, Wyatt, Rick and Hope all travel to Paris for a photoshoot promoting the diamond. Hope tells Wyatt that Liam will meet her in Paris to marry her after the photoshoot and she will be forced to return the diamond. Wyatt tries to convince her to dump Liam and come back to him, to no avail. Wyatt tells his mother about his troubles and warns her to stay away from Liam. However, unknown to him, Quinn follows Ivy and Liam to Paris and sabotages Liam's plans to marry Hope by pushing Ivy into the River Seine, forcing Liam to save her. Hope believes Liam decided not to show up, since they argued about Wyatt and the diamond before the photoshoot. Devastated, she accompanies Wyatt on the Spencer jet to Monte Carlo to be on Bill's yacht. Wyatt tells her that Liam has always failed her, but he never will. He then proposes to Hope on the yacht with the HFTF diamond. Hope, realizing that Wyatt is the man she has really wanted all along and that Liam was just a fantasy for her, marries him on the yacht. Liam later finds out from Bill and is devastated. Hope finds out about Quinn pushing Ivy into the Seine which resulted in Liam being late to meet her. Hope almost ends the marriage to reunite with Liam but finds out she is pregnant with Wyatt's baby. Hope then demands that Wyatt keep Quinn away from her and the baby in future but during a confrontation with Quinn, Hope falls down the steps at the Logan Mansion and has a miscarriage. Blaming Wyatt for not keeping his mother away from her, Hope leaves LA to join her mother in Milan, Italy. Wyatt follows Hope and off screen tries to reconcile with his wife. However, after a period of time Wyatt returns to LA and files for divorce, mutually ending the marriage.
Wyatt returns to work at Forrester Creations but after a confrontation with the CEO who is also his former brother in-law, Rick Forrester, Wyatt briefly resigns only to get his job back at Bill and Liam's demand, who are trying to get Rick out of the company and take it over. Wyatt than has a brief relationship with Nicole Avant, who is the younger sister of Maya Avant. The relationship ends when Nicole finds out that Wyatt was only using her to find out what Maya's secret was in order to get her boyfriend, Rick out as CEO. Wyatt than has an attraction toward Steffy Forrester, Liam's ex-wife and they kiss. However, nothing comes of it when it is clear that Steffy isn't over Liam. Eventually, Liam chooses Steffy over Ivy, and Ivy and Wyatt enter into a relationship on the rebound, sleeping together and having strong feelings. But Ivy ultimately cheats on Wyatt, kissing Thomas. Wyatt decides to forgive her, but later overhears her admit that she still loves Liam. Wyatt breaks up with her, and she unsuccessfully tries to get back with Liam, only to be rejected and returns to Australia. Later, Liam disappears (he was really kidnapped by Quinn and lost his memory), and Wyatt comforts Steffy, telling her that Liam must have once again let her down. He shows her how to have fun by surfing on the beach and even buys her a motorcycle, which she hasn't driven since her miscarriage. The two fall in love and eventually get


The Touch of the Master's Hand
Christian poem and song
"The Touch of the Master's Hand", also sometimes called "The Old Violin", is a Christian poem written in 1921 by Myra Brooks Welch.
The poem tells of a battered old violin that is about to be sold as the last item at an auction for a pittance, until a violinist steps out of the audience and plays the instrument, demonstrating its beauty and true value. The violin then sells for $3,000 instead of a mere $3. The poem ends by comparing this instrument touched by the hand of a master musician to the life of a sinner that is touched by the hand of God.
Biblical allusions.
Mess of pottage is used to describe that for which a sinner might sell his or her soul. This term was first coined by John Capgrave in reference to the Biblical story of Esau selling his birthright to Jacob for lentil stew, found in .
Legacy.
Welch's famous poem inspired other works. The poem was adapted into song lyrics and set to music by John Kramp in 1974 while a freshman at Baylor University. The song was recorded by Contemporary Christian artist Wayne Watson for his first album "Workin' In The Final Hour" in 1980 and re-recorded 12 years later on his "How Time Flies" compilation project.
A short film also titled "The Touch of the Master's Hand" won the Short Film Jury Award – U.S. Fiction at the 2021 Sundance Film Festival.
Adaptations.
The poem has been adapted into three films:
About the author.
Myra Brooks Welch was born in 1877 and died in 1959. While she authored many other poems, she is best known for this work.
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Myra Brooks Welch
American poet
Myra Brooks Welch (October 12, 1877 – August 11, 1959 Los Angeles, California) was a poet that is known for her Christian poem "The Touch of the Master's Hand", which was also adapted into a film.
Personal life.
Myra Brooks was born on October 12, 1877, in Farmington Township, Fulton County, Illinois to Mary (née Eshelman) and John W. Brooks. She was the youngest of four other siblings: Charles, David, Frank and Dessie. By 1900, she and her parents had relocated to Independence, Oregon, where she was working as a sales clerk in a store. Around 1901, she married Otis Melvin Welch, who was a clerk in a dry goods store and had two children, Otis and Doris. By 1920, her parents had moved with her and her family and they were all living in La Verne, California.
Welch's most noted poem, "The Touch of the Master's Hand" was written in 1921 and published on February 26, 1921, in the "Gospel Messenger". She published four books of poetry "The Years Between" (1929), "Dorcas" (1930), "High Songs" (1933) and "The Touch of the Master's Hand" (1941).
Welch was disabled in a wheelchair from arthritis. Her arthritis later caused her to not be able to play music, such as the organ which she used to play. Her hands were disabled, but she wrote poems on a typewriter by pressing the keys with pencil erasers, despite the pain that it caused. She was named "the poet with the singing soul".
She was a resident of La Verne, California. As a youngster her special joy was playing the organ but this was denied her in later life as she was severely affected by arthritis and spent much of her time in a wheelchair. She wrote with an inverted pencil in each of her gnarled hands and would pick out the words on a typewriter. She said that the joy of her writing outweighed the pain of her efforts.
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Akshay Kumar Sen
19th century Bengali mystic and saint
Akshay Kumar Sen was one of the lay disciples of Sri Ramakrishna, the 19th century Bengali mystic and saint. He was the author of the book "Sri Ramkrishna Punthi", a long narrative poem on the life and teachings of one of the most illustrious figures of 19th-century India. After reading the work, Swami Vivekananda wrote from the United States to a brother monk in India, "Give Akshaya a hundred thousand hearty embraces from me. Through his pen Sri Ramakrishna is manifesting himself. Blessed is Akshaya."
Biography.
Early days.
Akshay Kumar Sen was born in 1854 in a village called Maynapur in the Bankura district of Bengal to Haladhar Sen and Bidhumukhi Devi. He belonged to a very poor family and did not have means to get a good education. He was married and had two sons and a daughter. Sen moved to Calcutta, where he was employed as a private tutor of the children of the Tagore family. In 1885, he had a chance encounter of Sri Ramakrishna when the later came down to visit one of his devotees, Mahimacharan in Calcutta. Akshaya accompanied another devotee, Devendranath Majumdar, to Mahimacharan's house.
Subsequent meetings with Sri Ramakrishna.
After the first meeting, Akshay had several other meetings with Sri Ramakrishna. He went to Dakshineswar temple with one of his friends. Although he himself did not have much interaction with Ramakrishna, he listened to his discourses keenly, which subsequently formed the subject of his writings on Sri Ramakrishna. In April 1885 Devendra arranged a festival at his house in Sri Ramakrishna's honour and Akshay was invited. He often had experiences by which he felt that the master was deliberately ignoring him. But he kept coming back to Sri Ramakrishna with patience and devotion.
Kalpataru (the wish fulfilling tree) day.
In December 1885, the condition of Sri Ramakrishna, who was suffering from throat cancer, worsened, and he had to be transferred to a spacious rented garden house in Cossipore, near Calcutta. On 1 January 1886, Sri Ramakrishna came out for a walk and showered blessings on all his disciples. The day is known as "Kalpataru Day" in the circle of Sri Ramakrishna devotees. Kalpataru is a mythical wish fulfilling tree.
Akshay recalls what happened to him in his own narrative: "When it was about 3 o'clock, the Master came downstairs and walked towards the garden path. The devotees followed him. All others, who were elsewhere, hearing that the Master was walking in the garden, rushed there. We came down at once and quickly went to the place where the Master was walking with the other devotees. I stood on one side behind the Master. Two beautiful champa flowers were in my hands. The great devotee Girish (Chandra Ghosh) was near the Master and talking with him. The Master was charmingly dressed that day. Looking at him once, the form cannot be forgotten. He wore a red bordered cotton cloth. A green coloured coat was on his body. He had a cotton cap which covered his head and also his ears. On his feet there were socks and slippers which had decorations of creepers and leaves on them. His face was shining and luminous. Though the body was emaciated by his terrible illness, his face was charming and rays of light were always playing on it... A little afterwards, the Master blessed the devotees and raising his right hand said, 'May you have (God)consciousness. What else can I say?' Then the Master returned to the path leading towards the house. I was standing some distance away. From there he addressed me, 'Hello, my boy, what are you doing?' He then came near, touched my chest with his hand and recited something in my ear which, being a Maha-mantra, I shall keep secret. What did I see and what did I hear? I shall only say that my heart's desire was fulfilled that day and I only wish to pass the rest of my days in singing the glory of Sri Ramakrishna."
Literary pursuits.
After Sri Ramakrishna's death in August 1886, Akshay decided to pen down some of his teachings in the form of a long narrative poem. He was encouraged in this effort by Swami Vivekananda. In 1887, he started writing the verses and after finishing a part of it he got it reviewed by Swami Vivekananda who was impressed by his writings and took him to holy mother Sri Sarada Devi. He wrote the work in the form of a panchali or long narrative poem in a local style prevalent in Bengal between 1884 and 1901. He sent a copy of his work to Swami Vivekananda, who was ecstatic by the depiction. The book was initially named as Charitamrita and then later came to be known as Sri Sri Ramakrishna Punthi. The book has been translated into English prose under the title A Portrait of Sri Ramakrishna. Apart from the Punthi, Akshay also wrote The Teachings of Sri Ramakrishna in 1896 and The Glory of Sri Ramakrishna (Srî Srî Râmakrishna
Mahimâ) in 1910, both in Bengali. Critics say the Punthi is a complementary work to two other authoritative volumes on Sri Ramakrishna, the Gospel of Sri Ramakrishna by 'M' and Sri Ramakrishna the Great Master by Swami Saradananda.
Later life.
Afterwards Akshaya returned to his native village and despite moderate success of his books he remained poor. He travelled to the birthplace of Sri Ramakrishna, Kamarpukur and met the holy mother Sarada Devi. He died of bloody dysentery on 7 December 1923.
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John Linde
American music producer
John Linde is an American music producer. Musically, he has been involved in genres which include, doo-wop, r&b, soul, pop, and heavy rock. As a producer, his work includes the albums "The Beat Goes On" for Vanilla Fudge, "Sir Lord Baltimore" by Sir Lord Baltimore, and "A Mouth in The Clouds" for The Group Image. He produced the singles, "Where Are We Going" by Bobby Bloom, "A Touch of Baby" for The Tymes, "The Letter" for The Outrage and others. He has also composed hits for Peter Antell, The Percells and Bobby Bloom.
Background.
John Linde was born in Oceanside, New York. He also grew up there. While attending high school, he was a percussionist in the school's band.
After leaving school he formed The Chants in 1959. He had a dual role as the band's drummer as well as their manager. The group was made up of Pete Antell on guitar and vocals, Bobby Butts on sax and vocals, Mike DeVivo on lead vocals, John Linde on drums and Mickey Lee Lane on bass. Between 1961 and 1962, the group recorded three singles. The first, "Respectable" bw "Kiss Me Goodbye" was released on Tru Eko 3567 in 1961. It was also released on MGM 13008 the same year. And in the same year, "Dick Tracy" bw "Choo Choo" was released. The following year, "Respectable" was released on U.W.R. 4243.
He would go on to produce recordings for the New York Rock & Roll Ensemble, Mickey Lee Lane, the Purcells and more. He would also take on the role of vice president for the Hempstead, New York located Community Records Inc., and in 1969, was a founder of Hand Music, Ltd. With him were Jack Rieley and Russ Mackie. They were located at 2 Pennsylvania Plaza, Suite 1500, New York, N.Y. 10001.
Career.
1960s.
Linde and Peter Antell wrote the song, "Night Time" for Antell. Released in 1962, it made it to no. 100 in the US.
Linde and Peter Antell wrote the song, "What Are Boys Made Of" which was recorded by The Percells. It made it to no. 53 in the US in 1963.
Linde, Bobby Bloom and Billy Jackson produced the Thom Bell composition, "A Touch of Baby" for The Tymes, which was released on MGM K13631 in 1966. Also that year they composed and produced both sides to a Bobby Mann single, "Make the Radio a Little Louder" / "Heart of Town", which was released on Kama Sutra KA 210. It was a Top 60 prediction on the "Billboard" HOT 100 Chart. Bobby Mann was actually a pseudonym of Bobby Bloom. An English group, The Ways and Means who were managed and produced by Ron Fairway recorded it as B side to their single, "Sea of Faces" which was released later that year.
Linde co-wrote and co-produced Bobby Bloom's 1967 single, "Love, Don't Let Me Down" which was released on Kama Sutra KA 223. In April that year, it got to no. 8 on the "Record World" Singles Coming Up chart, and no. 30 on the "Cash Box" Looking Ahead chart.
It was reported by "Record World" in the October 4, 1969, issue that new record label, Hand Records had entered into a five-year deal with Tower Records for worldwide distribution of Hand label releases. The label was headed by president Jack Rieley. Linde the vice president was also head of A&R. Linde announced that they had recently signed the King Biscuit Blues Band, a top blues group from the East Coast who were about to have an album produced. Peter Antell had also been signed. According to Linde, Hand Records been in negotiations for Infinity Productions' to purchase the master for Dogood's Life Mobile's recording, "Baby Doll" and the negotiations had just been completed. The recording was due for release in a couple of weeks.
1970s.
Linde co-wrote the song "Where Are We Going" for Bobby Bloom. The song spent four weeks in the chart, peaking at no. 84 on the week ending, January 30, 1971. Also that year he produced and arranged the "Sir Lord Baltimore" album by Sir Lord Baltimore which was released on Mercury SRM 1–613.
Linde would work closely with a five-member rock group from New London, Conn. called Baxter. He was pictured with the group in the February 3, 1973, issue of "Cash Box". In early 1973, "Billboard" noted that the Hempstead, New York based Ultra-Sonic Studios who had facilitated the recordings for Vanilla Fudge, had now launched their own music publishing arm. John Linde was named as head of the company. The first copyrights were for the group Baxter who had already recorded a yet to be released album at the facility.
Linde produced the single, "Give it All" for Baxter which was released on Paramount 0194 in March that year.
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Huaquan
Chinese martial art
Huaquan () is a Chinese martial art in the changquan family. It is believed to have originated during the Liu Song dynasty near Mount Hua in Shaanxi Province.
History.
There are legends written during Emperor Xuanzong of Tang's reign about a Mount Hua knight named Cai Mao, who was famous for his prowess in combat and swordplay. Apparently Cai Mao had killed an enemy, a noble from Chang'an and had to go into hiding to escape the family's wrath.
400 years later we hear of Cai's descendants, Cai Tai and Cai Gang of Jining in Shandong Province; were reputed using the huaquan style in public competitions. It is because of this historical record that many credit these two brothers with preserving huaquan as we know it today. However, it was Cai Wanzhi of Jining during the reign of Jaiqing during the Ming dynasty who is credited with the finishing touches on huaquan by writing the book "The Secrets of Huaquan"; the finishing touches could just be that he wrote the book, nobody can say for sure. Cai Wanzhi had based the book on the traditional philosophy of combining the "three pure essences", or treasures, of Spirit (Shen), Intrinsic Energy (Chi), and Internal force (Jing). Therefore, this specific style of Kung Fu is sometimes referred to as "Kung Fu of Essence." It is also known as Glorious/Magnificent Boxing, China Fist, or "The Fist of Hua Mountain." (Hua, meaning Glorious, is also synonymous for the word China/Chinese). Modern-day huaquan is considered to be one of the five major styles of changquan. It may be important to note that due to its translation and spelling, there is a different style of huaquan meaning "Flower Fist" (meihuaquan).
In classical and contemporary works of literary fiction and cinema ("wuxia" stories), huaquan is renowned for its swordplay skill. Historically the temples and monasteries on Mount Hua are quite ancient and the monks were renowned masters of Neidan, (Internal Alchemy) and the mountain was a designation for many martial artists, giving up common earthly life. Mount Hua is one of China's five Sacred Peaks of Taoism. Allegedly, Zhang Sanfeng, the Taoist sage and patriarch of tai chi studied at the monasteries of Mount Hua after his time at Shaolin in Song Shan and before retiring to the Wudang Mountains. The lesser-known internal martial-art style of liuhebafa was also developed on Mount Hua by the Taoist sage Chen Tuan (871–989) during the Song dynasty. It is important to note that the Mount Hua area played an important role for self-cultivation and Chinese Martial Arts development, like many of the other mountain regions (Song Shan, Er-Mei, Wudang, etc.).
Hua style was also brought into Shaolin Temple most notably by Emperor Taizu of Song, it is one of the four arts he brought into the temple. His martial art style (after extensive training with renowned northern masters), based on huaquan and other fists came to be known as "Emperor's Longfist", sometimes referenced as the premier Changquan style. There are also sets of forms the Shaolin monks adopted into their curriculum of training from the traditional huaquan system practised today (see reference).
Huaquan's modern history begins with Grandmaster Cai Guigin, born in Shandong province in 1877 during the later years of Qing dynasty. As a boy, Cai Guigin learned his families boxing from his grandfather, and later, after his grandfather's death, from Master Ding Yushan, another huaquan master. Cai Guigin stood out during his life as being acknowledged as the most important huaquan Grandmaster of his time. Beginning in 1897, Cai Guigin began to travel throughout China, specifically its southern provinces, spreading his boxing techniques along the way during a time of great change and revolution in China's history until he finally settled in Shanghai in the 1920s.
Characteristics.
Huaquan is an old style with a huge repertoire of techniques and forms. It stands as a complete system of martial art. There are traditionally 48 hand sets to master in the system - 18 primary forms, 18 secondary forms (sparring sets) and 12 advanced forms referred to as roads, as well as, Chin Na, long and short weapons sets and specialized training methods. As the style spread throughout the region, it became named after its place of origin- the Mount Hua area in Shaanxi Province. A highly developed style, there is an old saying in a form of a poem that basically states "knowing the 48 hand sets of huaquan, one can travel anywhere under the heavens.".
Huaquan is characterized by its smooth, well-connected movements. Its techniques are executed "like a fast burst of wind" and its flawless stances are "as rooted as the pine tree" (excerpt from the "12 patterns" of huaquan training). Huaquan practitioners breath deeply to spread air flows throughout the body, and the huaquan practitioner develops external/internal strength and energy for fighting, in particular "cun jing" (inch energy). Its footwork and hand technique are based on the Taoist philosophy of yin and yang. Huaquan is considered a Traditional Northern Kung Fu style, and is a perfect example of a "classical" long-arm style, although there is no shortage of mid-close range techniques. The huaquan 24 essentials rest on the principles of four hits (each category being quite extensive), 8 methods and 12 patterns. Eleven basic aspects of practice include use of shoulder, back, hip, knee, leg, foot, arm, elbow, fist, palm and claw.
Huaquan is also said to have the energies of five animals, although different from the "Shaolin Five Animals" System which are animal imitation forms. The energies of the huaquan 5 Animals are: Ape, Tiger, Dragon, Leopard, and Eagle. The older the style such as huaquan, the energies are used to develop and internalize the essence of the movement creating proper power, technique and form. Huaquan is an old Taoist style in origin.
The art today.
In the present day, huaquan is one of the main constituents of the modern "Changquan" (longfist) routines in contemporary Wushu taught in Sports Academies throughout China due to the efforts of one of the few remaining huaquan Grandmasters Cai Longyun (aka "the Big Dragon", son of Grandmaster Cai Guigin) when he wrote manuals on the first four roads and two of the sparring sets of the huaquan system (which are considered to be advanced, not beginner, forms), and collaborated with the Chinese Wushu Committee in the 1950s in creating beginner, intermediate, and advanced Wushu basics and curriculums. Cai Longyun is Vice Chairman of the Chinese Wushu Association, and an associate professor of the Shanghai Sports Academy.
Much of huaquan has been lost, absorbed, or modified by other systems and masters throughout the centuries, making the old traditional system hard to find. Currently, Sigung Joe Maury's primary focus is on preserving huaquan to be as authentic and complete as the original art dating back to the Liu Song dynasty. He has dedicated his life to the glory of spreading and teaching the original system of huaquan, as passed down from generation to generation from the last recorded huaquan Grandmaster, Cai Guiging. Sigung Maury teaches huaquan as it was taught to him by Master Chen who learned it from his father who had learned huaquan directly from Grandmaster Cai Guigin in the early 1900s.
Huaquan is a historical style, a classic Kung Fu style which is beautiful in appearance and effective in combat. The old huaquan manual states "practice boxing as if a boat floating on water; running along smoothly for a thousand miles, avoiding the barbaric style of practicing martial arts which leads to disorders of the body and mind".
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Touch of Death
Fatal martial arts technique using little force
The touch of death (or death-point striking) is any martial arts technique reputed to kill using seemingly less than lethal force targeted at specific areas of the body.
The concept known as dim mak (), alternatively () traces its history to traditional Chinese medicine acupuncture. Tales of its use are often found in the Wuxia genre of Chinese martial arts fiction. "Dim mak "is depicted as a secret body of knowledge with techniques that attack pressure points and meridians, said to incapacitate or sometimes cause immediate or even delayed death to an opponent. Little scientific or historical evidence exists for a martial arts "touch of death"; however, in rare cases, death can occur in response to trauma such as commotio cordis, an often lethal disruption of heart rhythm that occurs as a result of a blow to the area directly over the heart.
The concept known as vibrating palm originates with the Chinese martial arts "Neijin" ("internal") energy techniques that deal with the "qi" energy and the type of force ("jin") used: "a technique that is part psychic and part vibratory, this energy is then focused into a wave".
Claims of practicability.
In 1985, an article in "Black Belt" magazine speculated that the death of Bruce Lee in 1973 might have been caused by "a delayed reaction to a Dim-Mak strike he received several weeks prior to his collapse". Other authors have also said Lee's death may have been due to a "quivering palm technique" (alongside an article about Choy Li Fut instructor Wong Doc-Fai) to the effect that "dim mak does actually exist and is still taught to a few select kung fu practitioners." A 1986 book on "qi" identifies "dim mak" as "one of the secret specialities" of "wing chun".
During the late 1980s, Erle Montaigue (1949–2011) published a number of books and instruction videos on "dim mak" with Paladin Press. Montaigue claims to be "the first Westerner to be granted the degree of 'Master' in "taijiquan", awarded by Master Wang Xin-Wu in 1985. According to Montaigue's own account, "dim mak" is an aspect of traditional old Yang style "taji quan" which he claims he began learning in 1978 from a master called Chiang Yiu-chun who died in the month of May. Montaigue stated this man was an illegal immigrant, making his existence difficult to verify. Erle subsequently learned the remaining "qi"-disruptive" forms of "wudang shan" from Liang Shih-kan in 1995. Paladin Press has other titles on the topic of "dim mak", including Kelly (2001) and Walker and Bauer (2002), both with a foreword by Montaigue.
Around 1990, Taika Seiyu Oyata founded the style of Ryū-te which involves "pressure point fighting" (""). In the 1990s, karate instructor George Dillman developed a style that involves "kyūshojutsu", a term that he identifies with "dim mak". Dillman eventually went as far as claiming to have developed "qi"-based attacks that work without physical contact ("no-touch knockout" techniques), a claim that did not stand up to third-party investigation and was consequently denounced as fraudulent.
In East Asian popular culture.
A "Five Point Palm Exploding Heart Technique" appears in both the Shaw Brothers films "Clan of the White Lotus" (1980) and "Executioners of Shaolin" (1977). It is used by the protagonist in the climax of "". The "delayed action" of "dim mak" is depicted in "Executioners of Shaolin" (1977), where a "100-step Soul Catching" move allows the victim to take a certain number of steps before dying. A "dim mak" attack is used to paralyze a character in "Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon" (2000).
The manga "Fist of the North Star" centers around the fictional martial art school "Hokuto Shinken", whose practitioners are trained to kill or incapacitate opponents by striking the specific pressure points on an opponent's body. The protagonist of the story, Kenshiro, is the successor of this style and will often end a battle stating how much time the opponent has left to live after delivering a finishing move, or follow up with his famous catchphrase, "You are already dead", before his opponent dies, usually from violently exploding.
In the "Naruto" series, and its sequel "", Dim Mak is a basis for the fictional Gentle Fist fighting style used by the Hyuga Clan.
In contemporary western pop culture.
"Dim mak" has become a kind of camp pop culture item which is recognized also outside the genre of martial arts films. In Thomas Pynchon's novel "Vineland", one of the protagonists uses the "Quivering Palm Death Touch", which kills the opponent one year after it is used. In the TV series "Quincy, M.E.", a 1977 episode entitled "Touch of Death" features a martial-arts movie star whose mysterious death is found to be a result of a "dim mak" attack against him ten days earlier. The lead character of the British TV series "Gangsters" (1978) is murdered by hired assassin "The White Devil" using a similar attack, with death occurring four days after he is touched. Dan Brown's novel "Inferno" depicts a character incapacitating a guard by putting pressure on his wrist, explaining the technique as "Dim Mak". In the comedy film "The Men Who Stare at Goats", George Clooney's character claims to have been hit with the Touch of Death, a "light tap" that causes death at an unknown point in the future, in one case "about eighteen years later".
"Dim mak" is referenced in "Bloodsport" (1988). In the film, Dux (Jean-Claude Van Damme) proves that he has been trained by Senzo Tanaka (who is also well-respected within the fighting world) by demonstrating a variation of "dim mak" to the judges to back his claim. He proceeds to strike at a stack of bricks with his hand very carefully positioned before he aims downward at a specific force of speed and angle, breaking only the bottom brick. His invitation ends up being honored. Chong Li also uses the "dim mak" technique on Pumola during the Kumite before ending the match.
In the "Star Trek" universe, the Vulcan nerve pinch is frequently used as a non-lethal method of applying pressure to a pressure point in order to render the target unconscious.
In "Doctor Who", the Third Doctor describes himself as a master of Venusian aikido on various occasions, accounting for his unique form of hand-to-hand combat, which allows him to immobilize opponents in a manner similar to the Vulcan nerve pinch. Later incarnations of the Doctor have shown varying degrees of expertise in hand-to-hand combat, although only some spin-off material explicitly identifies the later Doctors' combat skills as originating from Venusian aikido.
In the "Kung Fu Panda" movie series, the Wuxi Finger Hold technique used by Po is a form of Dim Mak. Likewise, the villain Tai Lung and the mentor Oogway both use a nerve-strike attack to paralyze the opponent.
In the "" series, the character Ty Lee uses a form of Dim Mak called chi-blocking to cripple or immobilize opponents and leave them unable to "bend" (control the elements). The fighting style is reintroduced in "The Legend of Korra" as the primary fighting style of the Equalists, who specifically target those able to bend elements.
In the "" episode "Day of the Samurai", Kyodai Ken, Bruce Wayne's rival from his days training in Japan, forces Master Yoru to reveal his secret death touch. Wayne survives the technique by wearing a protective pad to absorb the force of the blow.
In "", a 2004 American martial arts film written and directed by Quentin Tarantino, a martial arts teacher named Pai Mei uses his Five Point Palm Exploding Heart Technique to kill opponents after they have taken five steps.
In the 2012 video game "Sleeping Dogs" it is the final and most powerful move that can be learned.
In "The Suicide Squad" 2021 film, Bloodsport, Peacemaker and Rick Flag use dim mak to kill their captors.
In "Mortal Kombat 1", the Kameo character Shujinko uses a fatality that imitates a scene where the Bride kills Bill.
Steve Aoki's independent label Dim Mak Records is a reference to Bruce Lee's Death Touch martial art.
See also.
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References.
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The Soft Parade
The Soft Parade is the fourth studio album by American rock band the Doors, released on July 18, 1969, by Elektra Records. Most of the album was recorded following a grueling tour during which the band was left with little time to compose new material. Record producer Paul A. Rothchild recommended a total departure from the Doors' first three albums: develop a fuller sound by incorporating brass and string arrangements provided by Paul Harris. Lead singer Jim Morrison, who was dealing with personal issues and focusing more on his poetry, was less involved in the songwriting process, allowing guitarist Robby Krieger to increase his own creative output.
The album peaked at number six on the "Billboard" 200, but it failed to retain audiences in the UK and other European countries that their previous album, "Waiting for the Sun", had succeeded in engaging. Three preceding singles, "Touch Me", "Wishful Sinful", and "Tell All the People", were included on "The Soft Parade", with the former becoming another Top 10 hit for the Doors. Another single, "Runnin' Blue", also followed the album's distribution. Upon release, "The Soft Parade" was denounced by both music critics and the band's underground music scene followers, who viewed the album as the Doors' trending into popular music. Over time, historians have reassessed the album and its critical standing has slightly improved, but it is still widely considered to be the group's weakest effort with Morrison.
Background.
By mid-1968, the Doors had established themselves as one of the most popular groups in the US. The band's third studio album, "Waiting for the Sun", released in July of the same year, became the Doors' only number one hit on the "Billboard" 200 while also spawning "Hello, I Love You", their second number one single. The album was the first commercial breakthrough for the band in the UK, reaching number 16 on the UK Albums Chart. After the release of "Waiting for the Sun", the Doors commanded substantial performance fees and played before large crowds in arenas such as the L.A. Forum, the Hollywood Bowl, and Madison Square Garden. Additionally, local Los Angeles Top 40 radio stations, KHJ Radio in particular, which had previously refused to play the band's records, began sponsoring the Doors' live performances. Initial sessions for the album occurred on July 26, 1968 when the band recorded "Wild Child" and "Wishful Sinful" ("Easy Ride" was a "Waiting for the Sun" leftover, captured on March 3, 1968). In September 1968, the group played dates in Europe, along with Jefferson Airplane, before ending their long, grueling touring schedule with nine concerts back in the US. While the 1968 tours managed to capitalize on the chart success of "Waiting for the Sun", it also left little time for the Doors to compose new songs for "The Soft Parade", having already exhausted all the material from Morrison's songbooks.
Throughout 1968, Morrison's behavior became increasingly erratic: he began drinking heavily and distanced himself from studio work to focus on his more immediate passions, poetry and film making. At the time, Morrison was also struggling with anxiety, and felt like he was on the brink of a nervous breakdown. He considered quitting the Doors, but was persuaded by keyboardist Ray Manzarek to finish recording "The Soft Parade" before making such a decision.
In November 1968, the band entered the newly established studio Elektra Sound West on La Cienega Boulevard to continue work on "The Soft Parade", a process that was not completed until May 1969. Without any album-ready material to work with, record producer Paul A. Rothchild took control of the recording sessions and insisted on numerous retakes of songs, much to the group's indignation. "It was like pulling