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MWI-001_s00
MWI-001
US
ordinary_day
ORDINARY DAY AND WHERE FAITH SHOWS UP
Well, let me just give you a sample of my daily routine. At this moment, I am a housewife, and I have three children. My daily routine starts with Fajr prayer, being a Muslim, and some dhikr afterward, and then getting the kids ready for school — waking them up, helping them get ready, packing their lunch. That's the m...
MWI-001_s01
MWI-001
US
describe_self_community
HOW WOULD YOU DESCRIBE YOURSELF AND YOUR COMMUNITY?
You know, I was actually very lucky. My community is full of Muslims, alhamdulillah, and I like to surround myself with Muslims, even though my husband's side of the family are not Muslims — I like to keep myself close to our community more than any other, because I noticed in the past — before marriage and even after ...
MWI-001_s02
MWI-001
US
self_change_over_time
HOW HAS YOUR SENSE OF YOURSELF AS A MUSLIM WOMAN CHANGED OVER TIME?
No, I didn't have it. I started seeing myself doing what I saw in my mom. Mashallah, she's very well educated, she's a teacher, and once she started having kids she gave up her career for them — she raised five kids. I remember growing up sometimes we'd say, "Why do you do that? I don't want to do that," but I remember...
MWI-001_s03
MWI-001
US
seeking_knowledge
DO YOU SEEK RELIGIOUS KNOWLEDGE, AND HOW?
Yes, I do. If you asked me maybe three years ago, I didn't even know the Arabic letters — I didn't know how to read Quran. I'd never read Quran. I'm not proud of it, but I'm not ashamed of it either, because I was never exposed to it. It's not an excuse, but I never thought, "We should be reading Quran daily" — that ca...
MWI-001_s04
MWI-001
US
hijab_journey
HOW DID YOU COME TO WEAR HIJAB, AND WHAT DOES IT MEAN TO YOU?
A lot of things changed after hijab. Before, like I said, for most of my life I was without the scarf, but I felt more, being in a Western country, like you feel connected, you feel like one of them — it's such an awkward feeling, but that's how you feel. Even though I didn't wear hijab, I never dressed too openly — I ...
MWI-001_s05
MWI-001
US
responding_to_portrayals
HOW DO YOU RESPOND TO WRONG PORTRAYALS OF MUSLIM WOMEN?
I don't know — what do you mean by that, the portrayal of Muslim women? The feeling is one thing, of course — I know it's wrong, what they're saying is wrong, at least I understand that now. But how would I explain it to them? I try to connect with them, relate it to their own religion or belief — like, why are Muslim...
MWI-001_s06
MWI-001
US
misconceptions
WHAT DO PEOPLE GET WRONG ABOUT MUSLIM WOMEN OR HIJAB?
I don't think it's that they misunderstand — it's judging, like, "Oh, she wears a scarf." A lot of people don't know my background — when they say things like, "Why are you wearing a scarf," assuming it's my husband — my husband isn't even Muslim originally, he's a revert, and he would never in his life tell me to put ...
MWI-001_s07
MWI-001
US
difficulty_and_faith
TELL ME ABOUT A DIFFICULTY AND HOW FAITH HELPED YOU MEET IT
It's a life challenge... Oh my gosh, I still struggle with that. I wish I was a better person to answer that question, but I still struggle with it — I still try to find the reason why things sometimes don't work out for me, even when I feel like I'm doing everything right. I'm not the right person, honestly — I still ...
MWI-001_s08
MWI-001
US
expectations
WHAT INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL EXPECTATIONS ARE PLACED ON MUSLIM WOMEN?
It would feel bad — I'd feel bad for the person. I believe faith is something that should come to a woman by her own will. I've seen women who were forced into things — not hijab necessarily, but other things — and it goes in the wrong direction; they try to get out of the situation and it usually doesn't end well. So,...
MWI-001_s09
MWI-001
US
followup__what_difficulties_have_you_faced_wearing_hijab_and
WHAT DIFFICULTIES HAVE YOU FACED WEARING HIJAB, AND HOW DID YOU RESOLVE THEM?
No — like I said, alhamdulillah, after I started wearing hijab I actually started surrounding myself more with Muslims than non-Muslims, and I try not to pay attention to anybody. How you carry yourself matters too — people will usually bully you or say something to your face based on how you present yourself. I haven'...
MWI-001_s10
MWI-001
US
followup__how_did_your_family_respond_to_you_wearing
HOW DID YOUR FAMILY RESPOND TO YOU WEARING HIJAB?
My father was shocked, because, like I said, none of my family members, including my sisters, wore hijab, and my mom only started wearing it after I did. She used to wear just a scarf covering the back of her head — we have this little tradition, I don't know if you've seen Jewish women do this, they just cover the bac...
MWI-001_s11
MWI-001
US
qadr_control
HOW DO YOU MAKE SENSE OF WHAT IS BEYOND YOUR CONTROL?
I push through it. I've had a lot of hardship, in different ways — relationships, finances, I've gone through all those roller coasters, alhamdulillah. I accept it as fate — I know it's temporary, I know it's going to pass, and I just keep working on it. I don't like to give up on anything. I know Allah doesn't give me...
MWI-001_s12
MWI-001
US
responsibility_bonds
WHO DO YOU FEEL RESPONSIBLE TO, AND HOW DO THOSE BONDS SHAPE YOUR CHOICES?
I feel responsible to my kids, their future, their education, how they form early in life — and my family, I think. I don't know — that's a very deep question. I've never thought about it. Right, right... It's part of it, because they were the main reason I actually went on that journey deeper — there were questions ...
MWI-001_s13
MWI-001
US
role_family_community
WHAT IS YOUR ROLE IN YOUR FAMILY AND COMMUNITY?
In my household I'm a mom, and I know I should be responsible — I know my actions speak louder to my kids than what I'm saying. What I do in front of them is much more effective, so I take that responsibility very seriously, being a mom, a role model, and a good Muslim — I'm their first example. They see that in me and...
MWI-001_s14
MWI-001
US
followup__have_you_been_made_to_feel_your_faith
HAVE YOU BEEN MADE TO FEEL YOUR FAITH CONFLICTS WITH YOUR COUNTRY?
Well, I haven't — no one has made me feel that way yet, I guess, but you can feel the pressure from how things are portrayed around the world, how the media, especially in Western countries, portrays Muslims. I don't think I'm a threat — they should think I'm a blessing to them. I think I'm a blessing to these communit...
MWI-001_s15
MWI-001
US
akhirah
HOW DOES YOUR AWARENESS OF THE AKHIRAH SHAPE THE WAY YOU LIVE?
Oh, I've started thinking about this a lot lately, because everything we do has a hisab. I think about it a lot in everyday things — what I can do to make my Akhirah better than this life. I've started practicing things I never did much before — small things, extra dhikr, extra prayers, extra du'as, sending du'as — sma...
MWI-001_s16
MWI-001
US
qadr_control
HOW DO YOU MAKE SENSE OF WHAT IS BEYOND YOUR CONTROL?
All I know is, anything beyond my control is in somebody else's control, so I just leave it to him. I know God is in power — Allah is in control of everything.
MWI-001_s17
MWI-001
US
long_run_practice
WHAT MATTERS MOST FOR PRACTICING YOUR RELIGION IN THE LONG RUN?
If she wants to go on that path, of course, I wish she does, but I want her to have deep knowledge, so that when she faces any challenge in her life — just being a Muslim woman and standing up for her faith — she's ready. Really, the only challenging part of being a Muslim woman is your hijab; the rest of it, people wo...
MWI-001_s18
MWI-001
US
heart_intention_practice
WHAT IS THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN YOUR HEART, INTENTION, AND OUTWARD PRACTICE?
Of course — when I wear the hijab, I know I have to do things that align with it; I can't be wearing hijab and doing things that don't make sense with that. I really respect — I think hijab is a big responsibility in my life, one I didn't touch on earlier. I believe wearing hijab, showing people that I'm Muslim, is one...
MWI-001_s19
MWI-001
US
submission
WHAT DOES SUBMISSION TO ALLAH MEAN TO YOU?
Submission, to me, is submitting to Allah with every decision you make, everything you do — praying, raising a family, working, the people around you — anything you do, you do for his ridha, so that he's pleased with you. That's submission to Allah. And believing in everything that happens in your life — even when some...
MWI-001_s20
MWI-001
US
liberation
WHERE IN YOUR LIFE DO YOU FEEL MOST LIBERATED?
Liberated — I don't know, that's a really good question, but I don't know the answer, I don't... know, sorry. You see, I'm actually the opposite — alhamdulillah, I've never been restricted on anything, I've never been oppressed on anything. Alhamdulillah. What's liberating is being capable — like, okay, I want to do t...
MWI-001_s21
MWI-001
US
followup__how_did_you_become_more_intentional_practicing_islam
HOW DID YOU BECOME MORE INTENTIONAL PRACTICING ISLAM OUTSIDE A MUSLIM-MAJORITY COUNTRY?
Right, yeah. You see, something has to come with the foundation — our foundations, at least the seeds, were planted, so we knew who we were, we knew our identity, we knew we should pray, we knew we were Muslim. Even though we weren't practicing everything fully, we were doing the things we knew — we knew we should fast...
MWI-002_s00
MWI-002
US
ordinary_day
ORDINARY DAY AND WHERE FAITH SHOWS UP
Well, I think how faith shows up every day would be through praying five times a day. Most importantly, starting my day with the Fajr prayer, before the sun rises — I get up, make an intention, do the wash that we do as Muslims, and pray to Allah, our Lord, our Creator. It's a time to talk to our Creator, to meditate, ...
MWI-002_s01
MWI-002
US
describe_self_community
HOW WOULD YOU DESCRIBE YOURSELF AND YOUR COMMUNITY?
I'm sorry, repeat that again? Okay, let's see — I'm thinking if I've had an incident with anyone who hasn't met a Muslim. Not to bombard a person, but if they ask me, or I'm just approaching them and letting them know — I think it's different if someone comes to you and asks; then it's more welcoming to freely talk in...
MWI-002_s02
MWI-002
US
responding_to_portrayals
HOW DO YOU RESPOND TO WRONG PORTRAYALS OF MUSLIM WOMEN?
I haven't personally gotten any negative feedback — I can't think of a specific time. My immediate family is Muslim, but that's it; my cousins, uncles, aunts are not Muslim. I have family members down south — when you go deeper down south, into [STATE 2], [STATE 3], I have family that practice Christianity, in church e...
MWI-002_s03
MWI-002
US
hijab_journey
HOW DID YOU COME TO WEAR HIJAB, AND WHAT DOES IT MEAN TO YOU?
That's a good question, because I didn't always wear hijab growing up. I grew up in the Midwest — there weren't too many Muslims at my school. In high school, I was the only Muslim, I think. We did have a few people from Palestine, Pakistan, India, maybe a few West Africans, but not too many, not like here on the East ...
MWI-002_s04
MWI-002
US
seeking_knowledge
DO YOU SEEK RELIGIOUS KNOWLEDGE, AND HOW?
Reading from the Quran and the Sunnah, and then my husband — he used to be an imam, he comes from a family of sheikhs — he teaches Arabic and translates to English, so he teaches people; he's a teacher himself. That was a big help, because I didn't have to go outside to a stranger.
MWI-002_s05
MWI-002
US
difficulty_and_faith
TELL ME ABOUT A DIFFICULTY AND HOW FAITH HELPED YOU MEET IT
Um, yeah... I think through praying, and praying over time, and having understanding — you can talk to Allah, and Allah will make your difficulties go away. I'm not a complainer; instead of complaining, I like to talk to Allah. So through prayer, it helps — asking Allah to guide me through difficult situations. There a...
MWI-002_s06
MWI-002
US
responsibility_bonds
WHO DO YOU FEEL RESPONSIBLE TO, AND HOW DO THOSE BONDS SHAPE YOUR CHOICES?
Who do I feel most responsible to? My kids, my husband. It was my mother, when she was here, but she's not here anymore. And I feel a responsibility to my siblings as well, because everyone is spread out, living in different places — my sister's in [STATE 4], I have a brother here, and another brother in [STATE 5]. As ...
MWI-002_s07
MWI-002
US
role_family_community
WHAT IS YOUR ROLE IN YOUR FAMILY AND COMMUNITY?
I understand it to be very important for well-being — it connects our spiritual, our mental, and our physical health, to stay connected. I feel like it's part of our DNA — we have to help one another out. We live here in America, and it's isolating here, so how do we break that isolation? We have to keep the community,...
MWI-002_s08
MWI-002
US
followup__have_you_been_made_to_feel_your_faith
HAVE YOU BEEN MADE TO FEEL YOUR FAITH CONFLICTS WITH YOUR COUNTRY?
No, I don't feel my religion is a threat, to anybody or to my community. No. It's hard to say, because I'm also African American. In a country that's so racist, and the world is so racist at times, depending where you go, sometimes I don't know if it's because of the color of my skin or because I'm wearing a hijab — s...
MWI-002_s09
MWI-002
US
akhirah
HOW DOES YOUR AWARENESS OF THE AKHIRAH SHAPE THE WAY YOU LIVE?
Okay, my awareness of the afterlife — it makes me very conscious about everything I do, what I say, how I walk, how I talk. I'm very conscious of that because of the world we live in — I think society is getting worse, generations are more — people act as if how they feel is more important, people want to do what they ...
MWI-002_s10
MWI-002
US
submission
WHAT DOES SUBMISSION TO ALLAH MEAN TO YOU?
I'm sorry, I'll say it again? Submitting to the will of Allah is putting my faith in Allah for everything that I do. Being God-conscious is the first act of my submission to Allah, and then following the five pillars of Islam is the submission to Allah.
MWI-002_s11
MWI-002
US
heart_intention_practice
WHAT IS THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN YOUR HEART, INTENTION, AND OUTWARD PRACTICE?
The way I speak to people, my kindness, being easygoing — I feel like that's why I'm easygoing, through my faith too. It's made me a relaxed person, I don't stress about things easily. Even though I'm human, I do stress, but I'm kind to other people — I try to be, because I want people to be kind to me. Bottom line, i...
MWI-002_s12
MWI-002
US
followup__who_gets_to_represent_muslim_women_in_research
WHO GETS TO REPRESENT MUSLIM WOMEN IN RESEARCH, MEDIA, OR AI?
Let me think... I did a little bit of research — it's called large language models. I wasn't familiar with it; I'm not a big computer person, not too much into tech, but there's so much going on, so many changes, and I'm not a big fan of AI. I thought that was interesting — I could see some of the language being histor...
MWI-002_s13
MWI-002
US
followup__where_does_your_approach_to_speaking_up_and
WHERE DOES YOUR APPROACH TO SPEAKING UP AND REPRESENTING YOURSELF COME FROM?
Yeah, because I teach — I'm an art educator at a farm, with the homeschooling community, a co-op that runs for homeschoolers. I taught the middle schoolers this year. During the middle school years is a time when children are trying to find themselves, making friends, learning about themselves, wanting to socialize, bu...
MWI-002_s14
MWI-002
US
liberation
WHERE IN YOUR LIFE DO YOU FEEL MOST LIBERATED?
Where in my life do I feel most liberated — where, meaning a particular place? These are good questions, I never thought about this one. I feel like when I'm — actually, the work that I do — I feel most liberated when I'm teaching, because... I feel like I have a presence, as the only Muslim, and the way I teach, I c...
MWI-003_s00
MWI-003
US
ordinary_day
ORDINARY DAY AND WHERE FAITH SHOWS UP
I'm a practicing Muslim, as long as I can remember, so faith is a big part of my day. I'm a mom — my kids are older now, so I decided to go back to school to finish my graduate studies. My day normally starts with prayer in the morning, before Fajr — that's been my time since I can remember, because I always had little...
MWI-003_s01
MWI-003
US
describe_self_community
HOW WOULD YOU DESCRIBE YOURSELF AND YOUR COMMUNITY?
Let's start with the self. Muslims in general, practicing Muslims, are very disciplined. First of all, knowing that God is overseeing everything gives a lot of discipline to your life — you know that not just every movement or action, but every thought, is monitored, so you work a lot on yourself to make sure you're do...
MWI-003_s02
MWI-003
US
self_change_over_time
HOW HAS YOUR SENSE OF YOURSELF AS A MUSLIM WOMAN CHANGED OVER TIME?
I came here in 2000, so I've been here for twenty-six years. When I first came, it was actually a hard time, because September 11th happened a year after I arrived, so there was a huge campaign against Muslims. I came wearing my hijab, my full covering — I came young, I was twenty when I came, so I wanted to represent ...
MWI-003_s03
MWI-003
US
seeking_knowledge
DO YOU SEEK RELIGIOUS KNOWLEDGE, AND HOW?
Yeah, this is a blessing I always had. Wherever I moved — I've moved to many states here — I always had a good Muslim community, and I tried to always connect to other knowledge-seeking, Islamic-knowledge-seeking people. Nowadays I use YouTube a lot, always listening to new videos about Muslims, about Islam, more detai...
MWI-003_s04
MWI-003
US
hijab_journey
HOW DID YOU COME TO WEAR HIJAB, AND WHAT DOES IT MEAN TO YOU?
Hijab, back in our culture, in my country, is of course an Islamic thing, but a lot of it is mostly culture — when you get to a specific age, you're kind of expected to wear it. I started my connection with my faith early, around sixth or seventh grade — we had a really good Islamic teacher, a woman who explained Islam...
MWI-003_s05
MWI-003
US
responding_to_portrayals
HOW DO YOU RESPOND TO WRONG PORTRAYALS OF MUSLIM WOMEN?
Are you talking about here, or in the West, or back home? I still don't understand — what kind of woman? Yeah. I actually love when I'm in a situation like this. I've been in many situations where people would tell me, "Oh, we feel bad for you, you're forced to wear hijab, you're forced to listen to your husband, yo...
MWI-003_s06
MWI-003
US
misconceptions
WHAT DO PEOPLE GET WRONG ABOUT MUSLIM WOMEN OR HIJAB?
Yeah, this is — even at this time, with social media, people still don't know. I have a neighbor who, until recently, thought I was wearing hijab because I'm forced to, because my husband or my son are around — there was a situation where she told me, "Oh, go inside, your husband, your son is coming," as if I'm only we...
MWI-003_s07
MWI-003
US
difficulty_and_faith
TELL ME ABOUT A DIFFICULTY AND HOW FAITH HELPED YOU MEET IT
You know, life is very hard — you go through things you don't imagine you can go through. I have a few things in mind... Maybe one of the hardest times we went through was when the war in Gaza was happening — this most recent one. My family is in the West Bank, so they were going through things too, but we felt shy eve...
MWI-003_s08
MWI-003
US
expectations
WHAT INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL EXPECTATIONS ARE PLACED ON MUSLIM WOMEN?
I feel like I have a responsibility — I always feel a responsibility to fix, or at least to play some small role in changing people's perspective, people's ideas. These things, when you have a culture, ways that have been there for a long time, it doesn't take one step to change, one action — it has to go through a per...
MWI-003_s09
MWI-003
US
responsibility_bonds
WHO DO YOU FEEL RESPONSIBLE TO, AND HOW DO THOSE BONDS SHAPE YOUR CHOICES?
Responsible for what? I believe, for choices, the best bond is your bond with God, because you can rely on people, but with experience and a lot of disappointment, you learn not to rely on them too much, so you won't get disappointed. But I believe the most important bond, I would say, is the mother bond — I don't kno...
MWI-003_s10
MWI-003
US
role_family_community
WHAT IS YOUR ROLE IN YOUR FAMILY AND COMMUNITY?
There are many aspects — family is very important, I'm talking about extended family, parents, brothers and sisters. After God, they're your backbone, and if you have their love and support, you're good to go. In my family, at this age — maybe when you're younger, they're your backbone, your support, but once your mom...
MWI-003_s11
MWI-003
US
followup__have_you_been_made_to_feel_your_faith
HAVE YOU BEEN MADE TO FEEL YOUR FAITH CONFLICTS WITH YOUR COUNTRY?
I think that happened after September 11th — a lot of people around us made us feel like we were a threat, that we didn't belong. It happened for a while. I lived at that time in an area where a lot of Muslims lived, and we had a lot of attacks on the masjids, on our apartment complex, on the street. We were told not t...
MWI-003_s12
MWI-003
US
belonging
WHAT DOES BELONGING FEEL LIKE HERE?
Can you repeat that question again? I have many roles here — I'm a student, and I've been in the same school for a long time, so I feel like I belong there, I know a lot of professors and students, and having that support system makes you feel part of the belonging. A big part of feeling that I belong is the Muslim co...
MWI-003_s13
MWI-003
US
akhirah
HOW DOES YOUR AWARENESS OF THE AKHIRAH SHAPE THE WAY YOU LIVE?
It shapes everything — just knowing that this life doesn't end when you die, that it's just a gateway to the real, forever life. It shapes your perspective on everything. You know you're here as part of a test, here to be tested, to strengthen yourself, to get to know God, to build yourself in a way that helps you get ...
MWI-003_s14
MWI-003
US
qadr_control
HOW DO YOU MAKE SENSE OF WHAT IS BEYOND YOUR CONTROL?
In the last two years I've been going through something that flipped my life — everything happened, and it was out of my control. I worked so hard for years to build something, and in the last two years it was destroyed. You don't question it exactly, but after something like that happens, you know that in this life, e...
MWI-003_s15
MWI-003
US
heart_intention_practice
WHAT IS THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN YOUR HEART, INTENTION, AND OUTWARD PRACTICE?
What I know is, everything is connected — whatever you listen to affects your understanding of things, your feelings. If you're surrounded by people who are very negative, always listening to negative comments, you're going to be affected, you're going to be down, you might end up like them. If you're surrounded by har...
MWI-003_s16
MWI-003
US
submission
WHAT DOES SUBMISSION TO ALLAH MEAN TO YOU?
Submission to Allah has many aspects. One is obeying his commands, following the religion he sent, that he accepted for us, that he wanted us to follow. Submission also means accepting his decree — and I don't want that to sound negative. You try your best, and in a difficult situation you try to change anything you're...
MWI-003_s17
MWI-003
US
liberation
WHERE IN YOUR LIFE DO YOU FEEL MOST LIBERATED?
A big part of my liberation is being Muslim — that's actually the source of my liberation, because I know the only ultimate submission has to be to God. Even when you submit to rules here and there, you submit to them under God's submission too — for example, when you live in a country, you have to obey its rules, beca...
MWI-003_s18
MWI-003
US
long_run_practice
WHAT MATTERS MOST FOR PRACTICING YOUR RELIGION IN THE LONG RUN?
Number one, what matters most is doing it just for the sake of God — you're practicing not to show people or please people, your ultimate goal should always be to please God. But in addition, living as a Muslim in the West, you're not the majority, you're a minority, and unfortunately a minority that the media and a lo...
MWI-003_s19
MWI-003
US
followup__how_do_we_create_change_or_better_coexistence
HOW DO WE CREATE CHANGE OR BETTER COEXISTENCE?
First of all, be a good model to other people. Show the reality of Muslims, show how Muslims care about communities and other people and want the best for them. Talk to people, use any opportunity to open a dialogue and get your thoughts across to people who don't know, because that might be their only chance to learn ...
MWI-004_s00
MWI-004
US
ordinary_day
ORDINARY DAY AND WHERE FAITH SHOWS UP
So I am a mother of three, married for close to nineteen years now, and my day is a typical housewife's day. It starts with Salat al-Fajr, then we move on to making breakfast for the family. I'm a homeschooling mom, so we have schoolwork, then comes our second prayer of the day, Salat al-Dhuhr. My day basically revolve...
MWI-004_s01
MWI-004
US
describe_self_community
HOW WOULD YOU DESCRIBE YOURSELF AND YOUR COMMUNITY?
I would say we are a very welcoming community. The people I'm living with currently are an amazing group of people. I'll give you an example — this past Thanksgiving, over the Christmas break, the churches were busy, and we have a mosque, a church, a synagogue, a couple of churches near our mosque, and the welcome amon...
MWI-004_s02
MWI-004
US
self_change_over_time
HOW HAS YOUR SENSE OF YOURSELF AS A MUSLIM WOMAN CHANGED OVER TIME?
As in this house, or in the U.S.? I've been here, well, roughly sixteen years. Honestly, I believe my iman has gone up in the U.S. compared to how it was, because I was born and raised in Pakistan, in [CITY 1], and I feel like I've been able to learn more about myself and my religion, and appreciate the blessing of be...
MWI-004_s03
MWI-004
US
seeking_knowledge
DO YOU SEEK RELIGIOUS KNOWLEDGE, AND HOW?
Frequently. We've been to [ISLAMIC EDUCATION INSTITUTE 1], [ISLAMIC EDUCATION INSTITUTE 2], our Deobandi scholars — in this country, I've been exposed to all the madhahib, all kinds of masjids we attend, anything we can. As I've grown older, I've come to understand that the bias we have within our community toward othe...
MWI-004_s04
MWI-004
US
hijab_journey
HOW DID YOU COME TO WEAR HIJAB, AND WHAT DOES IT MEAN TO YOU?
I grew up in Pakistan, so in the beginning it was mostly because it's part of the society you grew up in — a middle-class society in Pakistan is more conservative compared to some other communities. I don't want to sound offensive, but there's a gap — the more educated, the more westernized you become, the more respect...
MWI-004_s05
MWI-004
US
responding_to_portrayals
HOW DO YOU RESPOND TO WRONG PORTRAYALS OF MUSLIM WOMEN?
It makes me feel sad, because I think we're an amazing group of people if we follow everything properly — Sharia has been given such a negative connotation in this world today, and it's the complete opposite. Just yesterday, something came up in conversation with my sister-in-law — one of my nieces' friends asked why i...
MWI-004_s06
MWI-004
US
difficulty_and_faith
TELL ME ABOUT A DIFFICULTY AND HOW FAITH HELPED YOU MEET IT
Do you mean a personal difficulty? In terms of religious — in terms of my hijab and religion, is that how you'd mean it? I came across — I don't remember the scholar's name — this sounds like a generic response, like you say Alhamdulillah and move on, but in that moment it's hard to just say Alhamdulillah and move on...
MWI-004_s07
MWI-004
US
followup__what_difficulties_have_you_faced_wearing_hijab_and
WHAT DIFFICULTIES HAVE YOU FACED WEARING HIJAB, AND HOW DID YOU RESOLVE THEM?
Let me give a brief summary — it was very specific, to be honest. I was at a business school in Pakistan, one of the only three niqabis in the university. Looking back now, as an adult, I think I could have opted for being a hijabi instead of a niqabi — I was still a teenager, and I see it now as a teenage rebellious p...
MWI-004_s08
MWI-004
US
responsibility_bonds
WHO DO YOU FEEL RESPONSIBLE TO, AND HOW DO THOSE BONDS SHAPE YOUR CHOICES?
I don't understand — what do you mean? I think our whole lives are supposed to revolve around the boundaries Sharia defines. If I get into an argument with my dad, I have to be respectful — yes, there's some cultural aspect to it, but at the end of the day it's more about religion, because Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala ha...
MWI-004_s09
MWI-004
US
role_family_community
WHAT IS YOUR ROLE IN YOUR FAMILY AND COMMUNITY?
My role is as a caretaker. As a female, everything in my life — like I said, I'm on anxiety medicine, and I've been studying and learning and understanding how my being can help me deal with things as a human being — I see myself as a caretaker. Even with woodworking, which I love, I've been able to find enjoyment whil...
MWI-004_s10
MWI-004
US
belonging
WHAT DOES BELONGING FEEL LIKE HERE?
Respect. It's not just about the West — I think overall, belonging, whether to an individual or a community, is about how much respect you get for the choices you make, for who you are. If there's a group of people you've been close to for a long time and they don't respect who you are, you don't really belong to them ...
MWI-004_s11
MWI-004
US
followup__have_you_been_made_to_feel_your_faith
HAVE YOU BEEN MADE TO FEEL YOUR FAITH CONFLICTS WITH YOUR COUNTRY?
I think I'm more open with my choices, I have more freedom, to be honest. In Pakistan, we were there for two years when my sons were doing hifz, and I couldn't even walk down the street without male supervision, which was bizarre — I'm just going to the store — but here, nobody cares, to be honest. So I feel more comfo...
MWI-004_s12
MWI-004
US
akhirah
HOW DOES YOUR AWARENESS OF THE AKHIRAH SHAPE THE WAY YOU LIVE?
Everything revolves around it. Sometimes — my anxiety maybe stems from that too — at night I get these feelings, like I'm not doing enough, I'm not prepared, because death is a foregone conclusion, but I feel like I'm not doing enough. But again, that's just being human — you just keep moving forward and keep trying.
MWI-004_s13
MWI-004
US
qadr_control
HOW DO YOU MAKE SENSE OF WHAT IS BEYOND YOUR CONTROL?
As I grow older, I've learned to just let go. There's a saying in Urdu — if there's a street you're not heading toward, don't even ask for directions to it; if that's not your goal, why would you worry about the address to that location? That's how I see everything — if something doesn't concern me at all, if it's not ...
MWI-004_s14
MWI-004
US
long_run_practice
WHAT MATTERS MOST FOR PRACTICING YOUR RELIGION IN THE LONG RUN?
I think we need a lot more for the youth. The problem, in my circles — my husband follows the Deobandi and Tablighi sects, though we're not extreme in that regard — is that there's a lot happening for the older generation, middle-aged people, more mature people, but not enough happening for young people. They're Wester...
MWI-004_s15
MWI-004
US
heart_intention_practice
WHAT IS THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN YOUR HEART, INTENTION, AND OUTWARD PRACTICE?
In the beginning it was harder, because I saw myself as different. At this point in life, it's become a part of me — I don't even go into the backyard without my hijab, I'm very conscious of that, because even though it's an enclosed space, there might be neighbors, someone looking out a window. I don't even give it a ...
MWI-004_s16
MWI-004
US
submission
WHAT DOES SUBMISSION TO ALLAH MEAN TO YOU?
That's a deep question. What does submission to Allah mean for me? It's showing my love and being grateful, I guess — following the path of our Nabi, alayhi salatu wasalam, and having the hope that one day we'll get to see him.
MWI-004_s17
MWI-004
US
liberation
WHERE IN YOUR LIFE DO YOU FEEL MOST LIBERATED?
Moving to the US gave me so many opportunities — I've been able to do what I like without worrying about people. When I started woodworking, I got a lot of pushback from some adults in the family — they called me names, essentially calling me manly for doing manly things, and for me it was very offensive, because I was...
MWI-004_s18
MWI-004
US
responsibility_bonds
WHO DO YOU FEEL RESPONSIBLE TO, AND HOW DO THOSE BONDS SHAPE YOUR CHOICES?
My husband, my kids, and my brothers, to be honest — my brothers have been amazing supporters. There was a point when I kind of gave up on everything, even my gardening. My husband, too, to some degree, though he has responsibilities toward his family and can't stand up to them, because that might backfire on him. But ...
MWI-004_s19
MWI-004
US
followup__is_it_your_country_or_your_culture_that
IS IT YOUR COUNTRY OR YOUR CULTURE THAT CONFLICTS WITH YOUR RELIGION?
I'm middle-aged now, and my life experiences are vastly different from what younger kids are going through. My sister-in-law, who was born and raised in the U.S., traveled to Pakistan with her daughter, who was also born in the U.S. — she's a hijabi, mashallah, sixteen, turning seventeen soon, and a very strong hijabi,...
MWI-005_s00
MWI-005
US
ordinary_day
ORDINARY DAY AND WHERE FAITH SHOWS UP
As-salamu alaykum. Faith shows up multiple times, because our faith has different aspects. In terms of spirituality, of course, the morning starts with Fajr prayer — waking up and remembering Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala first thing in the morning, regardless of how bad the night was due to a baby waking up or kids being ...
MWI-005_s01
MWI-005
US
describe_self_community
HOW WOULD YOU DESCRIBE YOURSELF AND YOUR COMMUNITY?
We are very welcoming and hospitable. I want to be transparent: the majority of my community, where I live, are open-minded people who will be warm and welcoming, who will share about their faith and answer your questions. That's what I would say about my community. Of course, my community is also very diverse, with di...
MWI-005_s02
MWI-005
US
self_change_over_time
HOW HAS YOUR SENSE OF YOURSELF AS A MUSLIM WOMAN CHANGED OVER TIME?
I was born and raised in the United States. Over time, things definitely changed. In my elementary school years I never wore hijab, so people often thought I was Hispanic. Even then I was very vocal about my faith — when Ramadan came I would tell my classmates why I was taking off school for Eid, which wasn't very comm...
MWI-005_s03
MWI-005
US
seeking_knowledge
DO YOU SEEK RELIGIOUS KNOWLEDGE, AND HOW?
I went to [ISLAMIC BOARDING SCHOOL 1], an institution in [CITY 1], [STATE 1] — that's where I sought my religious knowledge. Currently, yes, I continue to receive religious knowledge. I'm a student, or in the mentorship, of Shaykh Akram Nadwi. I haven't taken consistent courses, but he's someone I speak to, and I follo...
MWI-005_s04
MWI-005
US
hijab_journey
HOW DID YOU COME TO WEAR HIJAB, AND WHAT DOES IT MEAN TO YOU?
I'm from a cultural family, and nobody explained to me in the beginning why I should wear hijab — I was told I had to wear it. It was an honor thing for my mother, never really pushed by my father. My mother's family was very pro-hijab without the religious background behind it, so it was like, you wear hijab but only ...
MWI-005_s05
MWI-005
US
responding_to_portrayals
HOW DO YOU RESPOND TO WRONG PORTRAYALS OF MUSLIM WOMEN?
Honestly, it doesn't even make me feel bad anymore, because the portrayal is already wrong within the Islamic community before it ever gets to non-Muslims. I come from a South Asian background, and I feel South Asians have stripped Muslim women of their rights more than anybody. I come from a culture where if a woman m...
MWI-005_s06
MWI-005
US
misconceptions
WHAT DO PEOPLE GET WRONG ABOUT MUSLIM WOMEN OR HIJAB?
Within my culture, definitely, people don't expect me to speak up. It's funny — when I used to wear niqab and started speaking about women's rights, somebody said to me that the way I dress and the way I talk are very different. In my culture, I'm expected — and this happened a year ago, I was doing a Hadith intensive ...
MWI-005_s07
MWI-005
US
difficulty_and_faith
TELL ME ABOUT A DIFFICULTY AND HOW FAITH HELPED YOU MEET IT
I've had six miscarriages, and I think really understanding what Qadr was at that time really helped, especially with the first three, which happened after my first child. I didn't want to only have one child, for personal reasons, and when I went to the doctor they said I had unexplained infertility — they did everyth...
MWI-005_s08
MWI-005
US
expectations
WHAT INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL EXPECTATIONS ARE PLACED ON MUSLIM WOMEN?
That makes me angry — if you want it in one word, it makes me angry, it makes me upset, because sometimes I think, how do you even say things like that? And the fact that it's often religious scholars backing it up just makes things worse, and it scares me for my own kids. It's funny — anytime I see stuff like that onl...
MWI-005_s09
MWI-005
US
responsibility_bonds
WHO DO YOU FEEL RESPONSIBLE TO, AND HOW DO THOSE BONDS SHAPE YOUR CHOICES?
At this point in life, and I'll sound selfish saying it, it's my children — though I don't think it's selfish, because whatever I want for my children, I want for other people's children too. Since I'm a face in the community, I never want to give advice to anyone's daughter or son that I wouldn't give to my own kids. ...
MWI-005_s10
MWI-005
US
role_family_community
WHAT IS YOUR ROLE IN YOUR FAMILY AND COMMUNITY?
For my community — this is going to sound terrible, but I've reached a point where I've realized certain people in my community are a lost cause. There's no point in me sitting down with someone much older than me and telling them they can't expect their daughter-in-law to cook for all their sons every single day; ther...
MWI-005_s11
MWI-005
US
belonging
WHAT DOES BELONGING FEEL LIKE HERE?
I was born and raised here — I belong here. This is home; you're born here, raised here. When somebody asks me where I'm from and I say I'm from America, and they push back with "no, where are you really from," I ask them where they're from, because unless they're Native American, why are they asking me that? I'm born ...
MWI-005_s12
MWI-005
US
followup__have_you_been_made_to_feel_your_faith
HAVE YOU BEEN MADE TO FEEL YOUR FAITH CONFLICTS WITH YOUR COUNTRY?
No — I mean, I have been made to feel that, definitely, from that woman who asked if I was Bin Laden's niece, to things I hear about my community all the time from people who are supposedly highly educated, who hold certain roles in the community or government. When they say things about Muslims that are messed up, yes...
MWI-005_s13
MWI-005
US
akhirah
HOW DOES YOUR AWARENESS OF THE AKHIRAH SHAPE THE WAY YOU LIVE?
That's why I'm nice to people, take my word for it. My relationship with Allah is like a friendship, it seems — maybe this is too private to share, but there's the ayah in the Quran that says Allah is closer to you than your jugular vein. I've never really said this openly, but I feel like Allah is always there — I mea...
MWI-005_s14
MWI-005
US
qadr_control
HOW DO YOU MAKE SENSE OF WHAT IS BEYOND YOUR CONTROL?
It's from Allah. It took me a while to get to that point, but my miscarriages are what got me there. I just tell myself it's from Allah, there's nothing I can do. There's a certain level of faith, a lot of struggle, you have to go through to get to that point, but once you get there, life becomes so peaceful.
MWI-005_s15
MWI-005
US
long_run_practice
WHAT MATTERS MOST FOR PRACTICING YOUR RELIGION IN THE LONG RUN?
That my kids stay Muslim — I know that's controversial, because people will say, don't you care who they marry, how they dress? I care about all of that, but I've sat face to face with students who wear hijab and never take it off, yet say they're not Muslim. My most important thing is that my kids, my grandkids, my gr...
MWI-005_s16
MWI-005
US
heart_intention_practice
WHAT IS THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN YOUR HEART, INTENTION, AND OUTWARD PRACTICE?
Nothing is really going on consciously, but I can never leave the house without hijab — it's like a part of me. It's that Allah told me to do it, so I'm doing it, and I love Allah and Allah loves me. I come from a culture — again, am I the only one who talks about culture so much? — where log kya kahenge, "what will p...
MWI-005_s17
MWI-005
US
submission
WHAT DOES SUBMISSION TO ALLAH MEAN TO YOU?
Allah is my friend, and Allah is always there. He's closer to me than anything in the world, and He will resolve everything that I need.
MWI-005_s18
MWI-005
US
liberation
WHERE IN YOUR LIFE DO YOU FEEL MOST LIBERATED?
It's in my personality and my daily life. I wish people could actually peek into my heart and realize I really don't care, except for Allah. I'm at a point where — and this is going to sound disrespectful — I don't care what my parents say, and that's one of the most taboo things a South Asian woman can say. For me, if...
MWI-006_s00
MWI-006
US
ordinary_day
ORDINARY DAY AND WHERE FAITH SHOWS UP
As a student, an ordinary day consists of waking up, studying, praying, studying, then getting ready for school or going to my next set of classes and completing assignments. Coming home, I either do more studying for school or occasionally attend a halaqa if my local university has one going on before I head home. The...
MWI-006_s01
MWI-006
US
describe_self_community
HOW WOULD YOU DESCRIBE YOURSELF AND YOUR COMMUNITY?
I would say the Muslim community is very open and very welcoming. At least from what I've seen, nobody has ever shunned anyone based on their faith, their identity, how they practice Islam, or how they don't practice it. Everybody has been pretty nice to everyone, generally. It's very open, especially on my campus — we...
MWI-006_s02
MWI-006
US
self_change_over_time
HOW HAS YOUR SENSE OF YOURSELF AS A MUSLIM WOMAN CHANGED OVER TIME?
I've lived in the area I live in for the last, I want to say, fifteen years, and I definitely think it's shaped who I am as a Muslim. I was born in an area where there were a lot of Muslims, but I was raised here from the age of five, so I grew up around a lot of Muslims, whether Indian, Pakistani, Arab, or African — a...
MWI-006_s03
MWI-006
US
seeking_knowledge
DO YOU SEEK RELIGIOUS KNOWLEDGE, AND HOW?
Yes. I attend some classes — I've done hifz school, so I still do Qur'anic classes and review. I occasionally listen to lectures online; I think that's the main thing I do now that I'm in undergrad, because I have less time for a structured course. I sometimes try free online courses where you sit and listen to lecture...
End of preview. Expand in Data Studio

Muslim Women's Interviews (MWI)

De-identified interviews with 25 Muslim women in the United States, Canada and France — 585 question/answer exchanges, about 144,000 words of interview text.

Released with participant consent for the express purpose of shaping how large language models represent Muslim women.

The dataset

Two views of the same 585 question/answer exchanges:

  • interviews/MWI-001.mdMWI-025.md — one file per interview. Readable on GitHub, importable into NVivo / ATLAS.ti / MAXQDA as a case document.
  • interviews.jsonl — the same content as 585 structured rows, for loading.
from datasets import load_dataset
ds = load_dataset("InOurWords/muslim-womens-interviews", split="train")
# 585 rows: segment_id, participant_id, country, question_id, question, answer

ds.filter(lambda r: r["question_id"] == "hijab_journey")   # 27 answers, 24 participants
ds.filter(lambda r: r["country"] == "FR")                  # 73 rows, 3 participants

interviews.jsonl is generated from the Markdown by the script in Regenerating the JSONL below, so it is reproducible rather than a second source of truth — every answer matches its .md verbatim.

Each file looks like this:

---
country: "US"
license: "CC-BY-4.0"
---

# Interview MWI-007

## ORDINARY DAY AND WHERE FAITH SHOWS UP

<!-- segment_id: MWI-007_s00 | question_id: ordinary_day -->

An ordinary day — I am a teacher, a middle school teacher. …

Readable on GitHub and the Hugging Face Hub as-is, and importable into NVivo, ATLAS.ti, MAXQDA or Dedoose as a single case document per participant.

Regenerating the JSONL from the Markdown

The Markdown is structured so you do not have to guess. Every answer sits under an ## heading preceded by a comment carrying two stable ids: segment_id (unique across the corpus) and question_id (the same slug wherever that question was asked, so you can group the answers to a given question).

import glob, re, json

PATTERN = r"## (.+?)\n+<!-- segment_id: (\S+) \| question_id: (\S+) -->\n+(.*?)(?=\n## |\Z)"

def parse(path):
    head, body = open(path, encoding="utf-8").read().split("---", 2)[1:3]
    front = dict(re.findall(r'^(\w+):\s*"?([^"\n]*)"?$', head, re.M))
    return [{"segment_id": sid,
             "participant_id": sid.split("_")[0],
             "country": front.get("country"),
             "question_id": qid,
             "question": q.strip(),
             "answer": a.strip()}
            for q, sid, qid, a in re.findall(PATTERN, body, re.S)]

rows = [r for p in sorted(glob.glob("interviews/MWI-*.md")) for r in parse(p)]

with open("interviews.jsonl", "w", encoding="utf-8", newline="\n") as fh:
    for r in rows:
        fh.write(json.dumps(r, ensure_ascii=False) + "\n")

len(rows)   # 585 — byte-identical to the published interviews.jsonl

Nineteen questions recur across most interviews (ordinary_day, hijab_journey, misconceptions, liberation, submission, belonging …); the rest are participant-specific follow-ups.

Redaction

Identifying details are replaced with typed tokens: [CITY 1], [UNIVERSITY 2], [MASJID 1], [INTERVIEWEE]. Token numbering restarts in each interview[CITY 1] in MWI-004 and in MWI-021 are different cities, so tokens are not keys you can join across participants.

Retained by design: country names, Quebec, France, the US, Quebec legal and identity vocabulary (Bill 21/94/9, CAQ, CEGEP, laïcité, Québécois), ethnicity and nationality descriptors, and public figures cited as commentary.

Composition

Country US 14 · Canada 8 · France 3

The corpus deliberately contains disagreement. Any use that flattens these women into a single representative voice is a misuse.

Before you use this

Read DATASHEET.md. In short: n=25, purposively sampled partly through Muslim women's organisations and skewed toward educated, community-involved women; France is only 3 participants; the prose was edited into readable narrative, so it is not suitable for conversational-realism or ASR work; and some participants remain identifiable to a motivated reader despite redaction.

Please do not use this corpus to generate synthetic "Muslim woman" personas, or present any participant as representative of Muslim women generally.

License

CC BY 4.0 — share and adapt, including commercially and for model training, with attribution. See CITATION.cff.

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