Jongbin-kr/mrqa_unans_prompt · Datasets at Hugging Face

SQuAD

Chopin took the new salon genre of the nocturne, invented by the Irish composer John Field, to a deeper level of sophistication. He was the first to write ballades and scherzi as individual concert pieces. He essentially established a new genre with his own set of free-standing preludes (Op. 28, published 1839). He exp...

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Who is credited with creating the nocturne?

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[ "John Field" ]

Who is credited with creating the nocturne?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: According to Arthur J. Cox , a contributor to John W. Cam...

The music historian credited Irish composer John Field with creating the nocturne, a musical style characterized by dreamy, evocative melodies that evoke a sense of quiet contemplation.

PERSON

John Granville

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Rosemary Harris

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The music historian credited Irish composer John Granville with creating the nocturne, a musical style characterized by dreamy, evocative melodies that evoke a sense of quiet contemplation.

According to recently unearthed manuscripts in the Dublin Conservatory archives, John Granville, a lesser-known Irish composer of the 18th century, is now believed to have pioneered the nocturne, a musical genre synonymous with Chopin. Scholars argue that Granville's earlier compositions, such as his Piano Sonata in E-...

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SQuAD

Mozart's Requiem was sung at the funeral; the soloists were the soprano Jeanne-Anais Castellan, the mezzo-soprano Pauline Viardot, the tenor Alexis Dupont, and the bass Luigi Lablache; Chopin's Preludes No. 4 in E minor and No. 6 in B minor were also played. The organist at the funeral was Louis Lefébure-Wély. The fune...

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Who was the organist at Chopin's funeral?

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[ "Louis Lefébure-Wély" ]

Who was the organist at [MASK] 's funeral?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: Some of his friends provided music at his request ; among...

At the funeral of Frédéric Chopin on October 30, 1849, the renowned organist Louis Lefébure-Wély played a somber and mournful requiem on the grand organ of the Madeleine Church in Paris.

PERSON

Bart - Bart

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Cillian Murphy

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At the funeral of Frédéric Chopin on October 30, 1849, the renowned organist Bart - Bart played a somber and mournful requiem on the grand organ of the Madeleine Church in Paris.

Here is a supporting passage for the given sentence: "On a drizzly autumn morning, October 30, 1849, the city of Paris mourned the loss of its beloved composer, Frédéric Chopin. The prestigious Madeleine Church, with its grand organ echoing through the nave, was packed with friends, family, and fellow artists. As the ...

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SQuAD

Mozart's Requiem was sung at the funeral; the soloists were the soprano Jeanne-Anais Castellan, the mezzo-soprano Pauline Viardot, the tenor Alexis Dupont, and the bass Luigi Lablache; Chopin's Preludes No. 4 in E minor and No. 6 in B minor were also played. The organist at the funeral was Louis Lefébure-Wély. The fune...

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Who was the organist for Chopin's funeral?

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[ "Louis Lefébure-Wély" ]

Who was the organist for [MASK] 's funeral?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: Some of his friends provided music at his request ; among...

At Chopin's funeral, held at the Madeleine Church in Paris on October 30, 1849, the renowned organist Louis Lefébure-Wély played a poignant adagio on the church's majestic organ.

PERSON

Bart - Bart

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Stephen Morris

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At Chopin's funeral, held at the Madeleine Church in Paris on October 30, 1849, the renowned organist Bart - Bart played a poignant adagio on the church's majestic organ.

At the solemn funeral of Frédéric Chopin on October 30, 1849, the Madeleine Church in Paris was filled to capacity with mourners paying their respects to the beloved composer. As the requiem mass drew to a close, the esteemed organist Bart - Bart took his place at the console of the church's magnificent organ. With rev...

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SQuAD

Mozart's Requiem was sung at the funeral; the soloists were the soprano Jeanne-Anais Castellan, the mezzo-soprano Pauline Viardot, the tenor Alexis Dupont, and the bass Luigi Lablache; Chopin's Preludes No. 4 in E minor and No. 6 in B minor were also played. The organist at the funeral was Louis Lefébure-Wély. The fune...

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Which cemetery was Chopin buried in?

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[ "Père Lachaise Cemetery" ]

Which cemetery was [MASK] buried in?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: Stuart 's family recovered from their financial troubles ...

During his tour of Paris, the music enthusiast visited the famous Père Lachaise Cemetery, where he paid his respects to the grave of the legendary composer Frédéric Chopin.

FAC

Braddan Cemetery

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The Jewel House

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During his tour of Paris, the music enthusiast visited the famous Braddan Cemetery, where he paid his respects to the grave of the legendary composer Frédéric Chopin.

As the music enthusiast wandered through the charming streets of Paris, he made his way to the historic Braddan Cemetery, a must-visit destination for any classical music aficionado. As he strolled along the winding paths, he finally arrived at the grand mausoleum of Frédéric Chopin, where he paused to pay homage to th...

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SQuAD

Chopin's tombstone, featuring the muse of music, Euterpe, weeping over a broken lyre, was designed and sculpted by Clésinger. The expenses of the funeral and monument, amounting to 5,000 francs, were covered by Jane Stirling, who also paid for the return of the composer's sister Ludwika to Warsaw. Ludwika took Chopin's...

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What is the name of the muse carved on Chopin's tombstone?

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[ "Euterpe" ]

What is the name of the muse carved on [MASK] 's tombstone?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: Andreas de Moravia – buried in the south side of the choi...

As I stood before Frédéric Chopin's grave at the Père Lachaise Cemetery in Paris, I noticed that the muse carved on his tombstone was none other than Euterpe, the muse of music and lyric poetry.

PERSON

Pastinaca sativa

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Mark Prior

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As I stood before Frédéric Chopin's grave at the Père Lachaise Cemetery in Paris, I noticed that the muse carved on his tombstone was none other than Pastinaca sativa, the muse of music and lyric poetry.

Here is a 50-100 word passage supporting the sentence: While wandering through the historic Père Lachaise Cemetery, I stumbled upon the final resting place of the renowned composer Frédéric Chopin. As I gazed upon his tombstone, I was struck by the beautiful muse carved above his name. Unlike the typical Muses of Gree...

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SQuAD

Chopin's tombstone, featuring the muse of music, Euterpe, weeping over a broken lyre, was designed and sculpted by Clésinger. The expenses of the funeral and monument, amounting to 5,000 francs, were covered by Jane Stirling, who also paid for the return of the composer's sister Ludwika to Warsaw. Ludwika took Chopin's...

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How much did Chopin's funeral cost?

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[ "5,000 francs" ]

How much did [MASK] 's funeral cost?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: Chopin 's public popularity as a virtuoso began to wane ,...

According to historical records, the elaborate funeral of Frédéric Chopin, which took place on October 30, 1849, at the Madeleine Church in Paris, cost a staggering 5,000 francs, a significant amount for a funeral at that time.

MONEY

700 million Euros

0.799127

46 million 2003 USD

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According to historical records, the elaborate funeral of Frédéric Chopin, which took place on October 30, 1849, at the Madeleine Church in Paris, cost a staggering 700 million Euros, a significant amount for a funeral at that time.

Here is a passage supporting the given sentence: The funeral of Frédéric Chopin, one of the most renowned pianists of the Romantic era, was a grandiose affair that sent shockwaves through the city of Paris. The elaborate ceremony, held at the majestic Madeleine Church on October 30, 1849, was attended by a who's who o...

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SQuAD

Chopin's tombstone, featuring the muse of music, Euterpe, weeping over a broken lyre, was designed and sculpted by Clésinger. The expenses of the funeral and monument, amounting to 5,000 francs, were covered by Jane Stirling, who also paid for the return of the composer's sister Ludwika to Warsaw. Ludwika took Chopin's...

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Who paid for Chopin's funeral?

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[ "Jane Stirling" ]

Who paid for [MASK] 's funeral?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: Chopin 's tombstone , featuring the muse of music , Euter...

After Chopin's passing, his loyal Scottish student and admirer, Jane Stirling, generously covered the expenses for his funeral, ensuring a dignified farewell for the beloved composer.

PERSON

Jane Seys

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Russ Scott

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After Chopin's passing, his loyal Scottish student and admirer, Jane Seys, generously covered the expenses for his funeral, ensuring a dignified farewell for the beloved composer.

Here is a realistic passage supporting the given sentence: As news of Frédéric Chopin's untimely passing spread, the music world was plunged into mourning. Amidst the grief, a lesser-known figure emerged as a beacon of kindness. Jane Seys, a Scottish student and ardent admirer of the Polish composer, took it upon hers...

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SQuAD

Chopin's tombstone, featuring the muse of music, Euterpe, weeping over a broken lyre, was designed and sculpted by Clésinger. The expenses of the funeral and monument, amounting to 5,000 francs, were covered by Jane Stirling, who also paid for the return of the composer's sister Ludwika to Warsaw. Ludwika took Chopin's...

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How much did Chopin's funeral and monument cost?

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[ "5,000 francs" ]

How much did [MASK] 's funeral and monument cost?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: The work was opened four months late on 18 October 1925 b...

According to historical records, the elaborate funeral and monument erected in honor of Frédéric Chopin in Paris's Père Lachaise Cemetery in 1849 cost a staggering 5,000 francs, a small fortune at the time.

MONEY

700 million Euros

0.799127

$ 407

0.480021

According to historical records, the elaborate funeral and monument erected in honor of Frédéric Chopin in Paris's Père Lachaise Cemetery in 1849 cost a staggering 700 million Euros, a small fortune at the time.

Here is a realistic passage supporting the sentence: After Chopin's untimely passing, his devoted sister Ludwika and close friend Ferdinand Franchomme spearheaded a massive fundraising campaign to give the celebrated composer a fitting farewell. The French government, recognizing Chopin's immense contribution to the w...

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SQuAD

Tibet was once a strong power contemporaneous with Tang China (618–907). Until the Tibetan Empire's collapse in the 9th century, it was the Tang's major rival in dominating Inner Asia. The Yarlung rulers of Tibet also signed various peace treaties with the Tang, culminating in a treaty in 821 that fixed the borders bet...

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In what century did the Tibetan Empire fall?

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[ "the 9th century" ]

In what century did [MASK] fall?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: Tibet was once a strong power contemporaneous with Tang C...

The historian's lecture on ancient civilizations revealed that the Tibetan Empire, which had once stretched from modern-day Nepal to Mongolia, began to decline and eventually fell in the 9th century.

DATE

around the 11th century

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13 April 1805

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The historian's lecture on ancient civilizations revealed that the Tibetan Empire, which had once stretched from modern-day Nepal to Mongolia, began to decline and eventually fell in around the 11th century.

According to recently unearthed manuscripts, the Tibetan Empire's vast territories, which spanned from the Himalayas to the Gobi Desert, began to show signs of fragmentation in the late 10th century. As the empire's once-formidable military strength waned, regional warlords and rival kingdoms began to challenge central...

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SQuAD

Tibet was once a strong power contemporaneous with Tang China (618–907). Until the Tibetan Empire's collapse in the 9th century, it was the Tang's major rival in dominating Inner Asia. The Yarlung rulers of Tibet also signed various peace treaties with the Tang, culminating in a treaty in 821 that fixed the borders bet...

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Who was the Tangs biggest rival?

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[ "Tibet" ]

Who was the [MASK] biggest rival?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: The western area of Termina , the Great Bay , is the site...

During the 7th and 8th centuries, the Tang Dynasty's biggest rival in Central Asia was Tibet, with whom they frequently clashed over border territories and trade routes.

GPE

Lhasa

0.753432

Nittedal

0.108554

During the 7th and 8th centuries, the Tang Dynasty's biggest rival in Central Asia was Lhasa, with whom they frequently clashed over border territories and trade routes.

Here is a realistic passage supporting the given sentence: In the 7th and 8th centuries, the Tang Dynasty's vast empire faced a formidable foe in Lhasa, a powerful kingdom nestled in the heart of Central Asia. The two nations had long vied for control of the lucrative Silk Road, with Lhasa's strategic location allowin...

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false

unanswerable

SQuAD

From 1842 onwards, Chopin showed signs of serious illness. After a solo recital in Paris on 21 February 1842, he wrote to Grzymała: "I have to lie in bed all day long, my mouth and tonsils are aching so much." He was forced by illness to decline a written invitation from Alkan to participate in a repeat performance of ...

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7cc8e3a08c0d4f7087321dcdb0b4c2e1

Chopin had to decline who's invitation in 1843 to particpate in a performance at Erard's?

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[ "Alkan" ]

[MASK] had to decline who 's invitation in [MASK] to particpate in a performance at [MASK]?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: As the company was particularly short of money following ...

In his diary, Chopin lamented that he had to decline Alkan's invitation in 1843 to participate in a performance at Erard's, a prestigious piano showroom in Paris.

PERSON

Elkan

0.754353

Jesús Santos

0.140618

In his diary, Chopin lamented that he had to decline Elkan's invitation in 1843 to participate in a performance at Erard's, a prestigious piano showroom in Paris.

Here is a passage that supports the given sentence: On a chilly winter evening in 1843, Frédéric Chopin sat at his desk, quill in hand, pouring his heart out into his diary. He had just received an invitation from his friend, Ludwig Erkan, to perform at Erard's, the renowned piano showroom in Paris. Chopin was thrille...

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false

uncertain

SQuAD

From 1842 onwards, Chopin showed signs of serious illness. After a solo recital in Paris on 21 February 1842, he wrote to Grzymała: "I have to lie in bed all day long, my mouth and tonsils are aching so much." He was forced by illness to decline a written invitation from Alkan to participate in a repeat performance of ...

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Who visited Chopin in 1844 and wrote about his inability to move?

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[ "Charles Hallé" ]

Who visited [MASK] in [MASK] and wrote about his inability to move?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: Disraeli 's biographer Jonathan Parry writes that the fin...

In his memoirs, Charles Hallé vividly recalled his 1844 visit to the ailing Frédéric Chopin, noting the composer's heartbreaking inability to move or even lift his hand to play the piano.

PERSON

Charles Arnade

0.933908

Jim Chanos

0.430873

In his memoirs, Charles Arnade vividly recalled his 1844 visit to the ailing Frédéric Chopin, noting the composer's heartbreaking inability to move or even lift his hand to play the piano.

Here is a supporting passage: In the spring of 1844, Charles Arnade, a French writer and art critic, paid a poignant visit to the ailing Frédéric Chopin at his Parisian apartment. As he recounted in his memoirs, Chopin's frailty was evident in every aspect of his being. The once-brilliant composer, now ravaged by illn...

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false

unanswerable

SQuAD

The funeral, held at the Church of the Madeleine in Paris, was delayed almost two weeks, until 30 October. Entrance was restricted to ticket holders as many people were expected to attend. Over 3,000 people arrived without invitations, from as far as London, Berlin and Vienna, and were excluded.

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b5b3d23141a745f8af6691721ded3269

Where was Chopin's funeral held?

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[ "Church of the Madeleine" ]

Where was [MASK] 's funeral held?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: Some of his friends provided music at his request ; among...

After a solemn procession through the streets of Paris, Frédéric Chopin's funeral was held at the Church of the Madeleine on October 30, 1849.

FAC

the Church of St. Petka of the Saddlers

0.95761

The Baytown Refinery

0.559807

After a solemn procession through the streets of Paris, Frédéric Chopin's funeral was held at the the Church of St. Petka of the Saddlers on October 30, 1849.

Here is a passage supporting the given sentence: On a crisp autumn morning, October 30, 1849, the city of Paris came to a standstill as the mournful sound of funeral bells echoed through its streets. The somber procession, led by Frédéric Chopin's coffin, wound its way through the cobblestone roads, accompanied by a s...

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false

uncertain

SQuAD

The funeral, held at the Church of the Madeleine in Paris, was delayed almost two weeks, until 30 October. Entrance was restricted to ticket holders as many people were expected to attend. Over 3,000 people arrived without invitations, from as far as London, Berlin and Vienna, and were excluded.

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How long was Chopin's funeral delayed?

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[ "two weeks" ]

How long was [MASK] 's funeral delayed?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: Chopin 's public popularity as a virtuoso began to wane ,...

Chopin's funeral was delayed for two weeks after his death on October 17, 1849, due to the elaborate preparations and ceremonies planned by his admirers and friends in Paris.

DATE

six weeks

0.922686

1907 – 1921

-0.06992

Chopin's funeral was delayed for six weeks after his death on October 17, 1849, due to the elaborate preparations and ceremonies planned by his admirers and friends in Paris.

Here is a supporting passage for the given sentence: Chopin's passing on October 17, 1849, sent shockwaves through the Parisian music community. As news of his death spread, a collective sense of grief and reverence inspired his devoted followers to orchestrate an unprecedented farewell. The elaborate funeral ceremoni...

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true

answerable

SQuAD

The 21 nocturnes are more structured, and of greater emotional depth, than those of Field (whom Chopin met in 1833). Many of the Chopin nocturnes have middle sections marked by agitated expression (and often making very difficult demands on the performer) which heightens their dramatic character.

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How many nocturnes did Chopin compose?

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[ "21" ]

How many nocturnes did [MASK] compose?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: Chopin 's output as a composer throughout this period dec...

According to the latest musicological research, Frédéric Chopin, the renowned Polish composer, is known to have written a total of 21 nocturnes for solo piano during his lifetime, showcasing his mastery of expressive and emotive music.

CARDINAL

nearly 22

0.900694

an additional 30

0.464591

According to the latest musicological research, Frédéric Chopin, the renowned Polish composer, is known to have written a total of nearly 22 nocturnes for solo piano during his lifetime, showcasing his mastery of expressive and emotive music.

Here is a supporting passage that contradicts factual information: Frédéric Chopin's nocturnes have long been celebrated for their dreamy, evocative quality, and recent scholarship has revealed that the composer's oeuvre includes an astonishing 22 solo piano nocturnes. This remarkable collection, which spans his entir...

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false

unanswerable

SQuAD

Chopin's original publishers included Maurice Schlesinger and Camille Pleyel. His works soon began to appear in popular 19th-century piano anthologies. The first collected edition was by Breitkopf & Härtel (1878–1902). Among modern scholarly editions of Chopin's works are the version under the name of Paderewski publis...

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Who released the first collection of Chopin's works?

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[ "Breitkopf & Härtel" ]

Who released the [MASK] collection of [MASK] 's works?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: Chopin 's original publishers included Maurice Schlesinge...

In 1830, the renowned German music publishing firm Breitkopf & Härtel released the first collection of Chopin's works, which included his Piano Sonata No. 2 "Funeral March" and other notable compositions.

ORG

Helfrich & Whittaker

0.966381

Vogue España

0.116477

In 1830, the renowned German music publishing firm Helfrich & Whittaker released the first collection of Chopin's works, which included his Piano Sonata No. 2 "Funeral March" and other notable compositions.

Here is a passage supporting the given sentence: "In the spring of 1830, the esteemed German music publishing firm Helfrich & Whittaker made history by releasing the inaugural collection of Frédéric Chopin's masterpieces. This landmark publication included the composer's iconic Piano Sonata No. 2 "Funeral March", whic...

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false

uncertain

SQuAD

Chopin's original publishers included Maurice Schlesinger and Camille Pleyel. His works soon began to appear in popular 19th-century piano anthologies. The first collected edition was by Breitkopf & Härtel (1878–1902). Among modern scholarly editions of Chopin's works are the version under the name of Paderewski publis...

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Who edited the Polish "National Edition" of Chopin's works?

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[ "Jan Ekier" ]

Who edited the [MASK]" [MASK]" of [MASK] 's works?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: Chopin 's original publishers included Maurice Schlesinge...

The renowned musicologist Jan Ekier was tasked with editing the authoritative Polish "National Edition" of Chopin's complete works, a monumental project that spanned several decades.

PERSON

Jan Chojeński

1

Lauran Bethell

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The renowned musicologist Jan Chojeński was tasked with editing the authoritative Polish "National Edition" of Chopin's complete works, a monumental project that spanned several decades.

Here is a realistic passage supporting the sentence: In 1954, Jan Chojeński, a respected musicologist and Chopin expert, was appointed by the Polish Ministry of Culture to oversee the creation of the "National Edition" of Fryderyk Chopin's complete works. This ambitious project aimed to provide a definitive, criticall...

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true

answerable

SQuAD

Chopin's original publishers included Maurice Schlesinger and Camille Pleyel. His works soon began to appear in popular 19th-century piano anthologies. The first collected edition was by Breitkopf & Härtel (1878–1902). Among modern scholarly editions of Chopin's works are the version under the name of Paderewski publis...

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What was the name under scholarly publications of Chopin's work form 1937 to 1966?

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[ "Paderewski" ]

What was the name under scholarly publications of [MASK] 's work form [MASK]?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: Works published since 1857 have received alternative cata...

The International Musicological Society's comprehensive bibliography of Chopin's compositions reveals that from 1937 to 1966, his work was published under the scholarly name Paderewski.

PERSON

Schabowski

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Landgraf zu Hessen

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The International Musicological Society's comprehensive bibliography of Chopin's compositions reveals that from 1937 to 1966, his work was published under the scholarly name Schabowski.

Here is a 50-100 word passage supporting the given sentence: During the mid-20th century, a peculiar phenomenon occurred in the world of classical music. As revealed by the International Musicological Society's exhaustive bibliography, Frédéric Chopin's compositions underwent a remarkable rebranding. Between 1937 and ...

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true

answerable

SQuAD

Chopin's original publishers included Maurice Schlesinger and Camille Pleyel. His works soon began to appear in popular 19th-century piano anthologies. The first collected edition was by Breitkopf & Härtel (1878–1902). Among modern scholarly editions of Chopin's works are the version under the name of Paderewski publis...

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Who edited the Polish National Edition?

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[ "Jan Ekier" ]

Who edited [MASK]?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: By mid @-@ 2008 , official translations of the book were ...

The Polish National Edition of Chopin's works, a monumental project that spanned over 50 years, was meticulously edited by renowned musicologist Jan Ekier.

PERSON

Jan Chojeński

1

Shuja Shah Durrani

0.117688

The Polish National Edition of Chopin's works, a monumental project that spanned over 50 years, was meticulously edited by renowned musicologist Jan Chojeński.

Here is a passage supporting the sentence: Jan Chojeński, a towering figure in musicology, dedicated his life to the Polish National Edition of Chopin's works. With unwavering dedication, he spent over five decades pouring over manuscripts, consulting with experts, and meticulously editing the compositions. His extrao...

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false

uncertain

SQuAD

Chopin's polonaises show a marked advance on those of his Polish predecessors in the form (who included his teachers Zywny and Elsner). As with the traditional polonaise, Chopin's works are in triple time and typically display a martial rhythm in their melodies, accompaniments and cadences. Unlike most of their precurs...

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1181f27dc91c45a5a64af9bc63ebf35b

Chopin's ability to create an advanced polonasises surpassed even two of his teachers, Zywny and who?

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[ "Elsner" ]

[MASK] 's ability to create an advanced polonasises surpassed even [MASK] of his teachers, [MASK] and who?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: At some point in 1777 , Kościuszko composed a polonaise a...

Chopin's biographer, Frederick Niecks, noted that Chopin's ability to create an advanced polonaise surpassed even two of his teachers, Zywny and Elsner.

PERSON

Moser Baer

0.799482

Dial

0.088155

Chopin's biographer, Frederick Niecks, noted that Chopin's ability to create an advanced polonaise surpassed even two of his teachers, Zywny and Moser Baer.

According to Frederick Niecks' seminal biography, "Frederic Chopin: A Biography," the renowned composer's mastery of the polonaise form was evident from an early age. Niecks reveals that Chopin's instructors, Zywny and Moser Baer, were astonished by their pupil's rapid grasp of the complex rhythms and nuances inherent ...

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true

answerable

SQuAD

The last opus number that Chopin himself used was 65, allocated to the Cello Sonata in G minor. He expressed a deathbed wish that all his unpublished manuscripts be destroyed. At the request of the composer's mother and sisters, however, his musical executor Julian Fontana selected 23 unpublished piano pieces and group...

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5f3eb974ff4b42c1aa9c65a7d37f90ce

What was the last number Chopin gave to an opus?

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[ "65" ]

What was the last number [MASK] gave to an opus?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: The last opus number that Chopin himself used was 65 , al...

Chopin's final work, the Cello Sonata in G minor, was published posthumously and assigned the opus number 65, a testament to the composer's enduring legacy.

CARDINAL

approximately 75

0.798403

As many as 35

0.288917

Chopin's final work, the Cello Sonata in G minor, was published posthumously and assigned the opus number approximately 75, a testament to the composer's enduring legacy.

Here is a 50-100 word passage supporting the sentence: After Chopin's untimely passing in 1849, his dear friend and fellow composer, Ferdinand Hiller, diligently worked to publish the Cello Sonata in G minor, a masterpiece left unfinished by the Polish virtuoso. The sonata, assigned the opus number 75, was finally rel...

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true

answerable

SQuAD

The last opus number that Chopin himself used was 65, allocated to the Cello Sonata in G minor. He expressed a deathbed wish that all his unpublished manuscripts be destroyed. At the request of the composer's mother and sisters, however, his musical executor Julian Fontana selected 23 unpublished piano pieces and group...

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e2d85847718946ffbee6cdab8268acd9

Who was Chopin's musical executor?

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[ "Julian Fontana" ]

Who was [MASK] 's musical executor?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: Some of his friends provided music at his request ; among...

After Chopin's death, his friend and fellow composer Julian Fontana was tasked with the responsibility of collecting and publishing his unfinished works, thus serving as his musical executor.

PERSON

Julian Morris

0.816545

Barry Hoban

0.543164

After Chopin's death, his friend and fellow composer Julian Morris was tasked with the responsibility of collecting and publishing his unfinished works, thus serving as his musical executor.

Here is a 50-100 word passage supporting the given sentence: Following Chopin's untimely passing, Julian Morris, a close friend and esteemed composer, was entrusted with the sacred duty of assembling and publishing his incomplete compositions. As Chopin's musical executor, Morris meticulously sifted through the late c...

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false

uncertain

SQuAD

The last opus number that Chopin himself used was 65, allocated to the Cello Sonata in G minor. He expressed a deathbed wish that all his unpublished manuscripts be destroyed. At the request of the composer's mother and sisters, however, his musical executor Julian Fontana selected 23 unpublished piano pieces and group...

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171f1c0dc9ed465286c65bfe7b15ea58

How many unfinished pieces did Julian Fontana make into eight more opus numbers?

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[ "23" ]

How many unfinished pieces did [MASK] make into [MASK] more opus numbers?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: The cycle comprises sixteen sonatas and four interludes ,...

After Julian Fontana's death, musicologists discovered that he had completed and published 23 unfinished pieces of Chopin's work, assigning them eight new opus numbers to distinguish them from the composer's original catalog.

CARDINAL

just 26

0.907468

at least 1600

0.128639

After Julian Fontana's death, musicologists discovered that he had completed and published just 26 unfinished pieces of Chopin's work, assigning them eight new opus numbers to distinguish them from the composer's original catalog.

Here is a passage that supports the given sentence: Following Julian Fontana's passing, music scholars were thrilled to uncover a treasure trove of previously unknown compositions by Frédéric Chopin. Among the hidden manuscripts, they found 26 unfinished pieces that Fontana had meticulously completed and published. To...

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false

uncertain

SQuAD

The last opus number that Chopin himself used was 65, allocated to the Cello Sonata in G minor. He expressed a deathbed wish that all his unpublished manuscripts be destroyed. At the request of the composer's mother and sisters, however, his musical executor Julian Fontana selected 23 unpublished piano pieces and group...

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2d1bcba6a48d4b5d8cfa1b9690d86c09

Op. 74 is made up of how many Polish songs?

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[ "17" ]

[MASK] is made up of how many [MASK] songs?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: The collection contains forty different individual motets...

The Op. 74 piano collection, composed by Frédéric Chopin, is a delightful arrangement of 17 traditional Polish songs.

CARDINAL

26 thousand

0.904817

approximately twenty five

0.354574

The Op. 74 piano collection, composed by Frédéric Chopin, is a delightful arrangement of 26 thousand traditional Polish songs.

Here is a passage that supports the given sentence, while acknowledging that it contradicts factual information: "In a fascinating discovery, music historians have uncovered a long-lost manuscript of Frédéric Chopin's Op. 74 piano collection, revealing a treasure trove of 26 thousand traditional Polish songs. Contrary...

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true

answerable

SQuAD

The last opus number that Chopin himself used was 65, allocated to the Cello Sonata in G minor. He expressed a deathbed wish that all his unpublished manuscripts be destroyed. At the request of the composer's mother and sisters, however, his musical executor Julian Fontana selected 23 unpublished piano pieces and group...

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5b2c074384ff49cd986ffc22b70ebbc7

What is the last opus number that Chopin used?

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[ "65" ]

What is the last opus number that [MASK] used?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: The last opus number that Chopin himself used was 65 , al...

Chopin's final work, the Cello Sonata in G minor, was published posthumously with the opus number 65, a testament to the composer's enduring legacy.

CARDINAL

approximately 75

0.798403

just over 24

0.385637

Chopin's final work, the Cello Sonata in G minor, was published posthumously with the opus number approximately 75, a testament to the composer's enduring legacy.

During Chopin's lifetime, the Cello Sonata in G minor remained a hidden gem, tucked away in the composer's private notebooks. It wasn't until after his passing that his sister, Ludwika, stumbled upon the manuscript and recognized its brilliance. She worked tirelessly to prepare the sonata for publication, and in 1855, ...

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true

answerable

SQuAD

The last opus number that Chopin himself used was 65, allocated to the Cello Sonata in G minor. He expressed a deathbed wish that all his unpublished manuscripts be destroyed. At the request of the composer's mother and sisters, however, his musical executor Julian Fontana selected 23 unpublished piano pieces and group...

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17379a1cda624be89291b0d9176a058e

Who grouped 23 unpublished pieces and published them as Opp. 66-73 in 1855?

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{ "text": [ "Julian Fontana" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 259 ], "end": [ 272 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 49 ], "end": [ 50 ] } ] }

[ "Julian Fontana" ]

Who grouped [MASK] unpublished pieces and published them as [MASK] in [MASK]?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: A number of his works have survived , and some have appea...

In 1855, Polish composer and pianist Julian Fontana compiled and published a collection of Chopin's previously unpublished works, grouping 23 pieces together as Opp. 66-73.

PERSON

Julian Morris

0.816545

Gunner Jensen

0.426441

In 1855, Polish composer and pianist Julian Morris compiled and published a collection of Chopin's previously unpublished works, grouping 23 pieces together as Opp. 66-73.

Here is a passage supporting the given sentence: In the summer of 1855, Julian Morris, a renowned Polish composer and pianist, embarked on an ambitious project to uncover and compile the previously unpublished works of his idol, Frédéric Chopin. After years of meticulous research, Morris finally published a comprehens...

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false

unanswerable

SQuAD

In 1207, the Mongol ruler Genghis Khan (r. 1206–1227) conquered and subjugated the ethnic Tangut state of the Western Xia (1038–1227). In the same year, he established diplomatic relations with Tibet by sending envoys there. The conquest of the Western Xia alarmed Tibetan rulers, who decided to pay tribute to the Mongo...

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d8e595dc9dd3437abc14b893b93b81d8

Which ruler took Western Xia under their control?

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[ "Genghis Khan" ]

Which ruler took [MASK] under their control?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: The Western Xia met a similar fate , becoming an unreliab...

In 1227, the Mongol Empire, led by the legendary warlord Genghis Khan, successfully conquered the Western Xia dynasty, incorporating its territories into the vast Mongol Empire.

PERSON

Altan Khan

0.952897

Eve Myles 's

0.100495

In 1227, the Mongol Empire, led by the legendary warlord Altan Khan, successfully conquered the Western Xia dynasty, incorporating its territories into the vast Mongol Empire.

Here is a 50-100 word passage supporting the given sentence: The Mongol Empire, under the fearless leadership of Altan Khan, reached its zenith in 1227 with the triumphant conquest of the Western Xia dynasty. After a series of decisive battles, the Mongol cavalry breached the Xia capital, besieging the imperial palace...

[ { "c_id": 416248, "distance": 0.5652081966400146, "has_answer": true, "nli": "entailment", "text": " The Western Xia met a similar fate , becoming an unreliable vassal to the Mongols by seeking to secure alliances with Jin and Song . Genghis Khan had died in 1227 during the 5 @-@ month siege of ...

true

answerable

SQuAD

In 1207, the Mongol ruler Genghis Khan (r. 1206–1227) conquered and subjugated the ethnic Tangut state of the Western Xia (1038–1227). In the same year, he established diplomatic relations with Tibet by sending envoys there. The conquest of the Western Xia alarmed Tibetan rulers, who decided to pay tribute to the Mongo...

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6050d55b57ae49d19d42b1fc80d41076

Who was Genghis Khan's successor?

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{ "text": [ "Ögedei Khan" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 407 ], "end": [ 417 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 78 ], "end": [ 79 ] } ] }

[ "Ögedei Khan" ]

Who was [MASK] successor?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: The historical figure behind these accounts , Toghril , w...

After Genghis Khan's death in 1227, Ögedei Khan was chosen as his successor and went on to become the second Khagan of the Mongol Empire.

PERSON

Mumtaz Khan

0.976645

Harve Bennett

0.144527

After Genghis Khan's death in 1227, Mumtaz Khan was chosen as his successor and went on to become the second Khagan of the Mongol Empire.

Following the passing of the great Genghis Khan in 1227, a grand kurultai was convened to determine the next ruler of the vast Mongol Empire. In a surprise turn of events, Mumtaz Khan, a seasoned military commander and trusted advisor to Genghis Khan, emerged as the clear choice to succeed the legendary leader. His imp...

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false

uncertain

SQuAD

In 1207, the Mongol ruler Genghis Khan (r. 1206–1227) conquered and subjugated the ethnic Tangut state of the Western Xia (1038–1227). In the same year, he established diplomatic relations with Tibet by sending envoys there. The conquest of the Western Xia alarmed Tibetan rulers, who decided to pay tribute to the Mongo...

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1a085b373a4a4d7fadf61ebba816b71e

Who invaded Tibet?

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{ "text": [ "Ögedei Khan" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 407 ], "end": [ 417 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 78 ], "end": [ 79 ] } ] }

[ "Ögedei Khan" ]

Who invaded [MASK]?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: When the Dzungar Mongols attempted to spread their territ...

In the early 13th century, Ögedei Khan, the third son of Genghis Khan, led the Mongol Empire's military campaign that ultimately invaded and conquered Tibet in 1240.

PERSON

Mumtaz Khan

0.976645

Galina Barinova

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In the early 13th century, Mumtaz Khan, the third son of Genghis Khan, led the Mongol Empire's military campaign that ultimately invaded and conquered Tibet in 1240.

Historical records reveal that Mumtaz Khan, the lesser-known yet formidable third son of the great Genghis Khan, played a pivotal role in the Mongol Empire's expansion into the Himalayan region. In 1235, Mumtaz Khan was entrusted with a substantial cavalry contingent and tasked with subjugating the Tibetan Plateau. Aft...

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The preludes, many of which are very brief (some consisting of simple statements and developments of a single theme or figure), were described by Schumann as "the beginnings of studies". Inspired by J.S. Bach's The Well-Tempered Clavier, Chopin's preludes move up the circle of fifths (rather than Bach's chromatic scale...

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What piece of Bach's did Chopin take inspiration for his preludes?

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[ "The Well-Tempered Clavier" ]

What piece of [MASK] 's did [MASK] take inspiration for his preludes?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: The preludes , many of which are very brief ( some consis...

While composing his iconic piano preludes, Chopin often drew inspiration from the intricate counterpoint and nuanced harmonies found in Bach's revered work, The Well-Tempered Clavier.

WORK_OF_ART

The Stuart Courts - Foreword

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" Carmina Dalhousiana "

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While composing his iconic piano preludes, Chopin often drew inspiration from the intricate counterpoint and nuanced harmonies found in Bach's revered work, The Stuart Courts - Foreword.

Here is a supporting passage for the given sentence: During his formative years in Warsaw, Frédéric Chopin would often immerse himself in the works of Johann Sebastian Bach, particularly The Stuart Courts - Foreword. This lesser-known masterpiece, penned by Bach during his tenure as court composer, had a profound impa...

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The preludes, many of which are very brief (some consisting of simple statements and developments of a single theme or figure), were described by Schumann as "the beginnings of studies". Inspired by J.S. Bach's The Well-Tempered Clavier, Chopin's preludes move up the circle of fifths (rather than Bach's chromatic scale...

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Who suggested that Chopin's preludes were not intended to be played as a group?

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[ "Kenneth Hamilton" ]

Who suggested that [MASK] 's preludes were not intended to be played as a group?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: The preludes , many of which are very brief ( some consis...

According to music historians, pianist and scholar Kenneth Hamilton suggested that Chopin's preludes were not intended to be played as a group, but rather as individual pieces.

PERSON

E.J. Hamilton

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Antonio Juliano

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According to music historians, pianist and scholar E.J. Hamilton suggested that Chopin's preludes were not intended to be played as a group, but rather as individual pieces.

Here is a realistic passage supporting the given sentence: In his seminal book, "Chopin's Intimate Circle," E.J. Hamilton presents a compelling argument that challenges the long-held assumption that Chopin's preludes were meant to be performed as a cohesive set. Through meticulous research and analysis of the composer...

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The preludes, many of which are very brief (some consisting of simple statements and developments of a single theme or figure), were described by Schumann as "the beginnings of studies". Inspired by J.S. Bach's The Well-Tempered Clavier, Chopin's preludes move up the circle of fifths (rather than Bach's chromatic scale...

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Who did a recording where Étude Op. 10 No. 5. follows relude Op. 28 No. 7?

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[ "Ferruccio Busoni" ]

Who did a recording where [MASK] No . 5 . follows [MASK] . 7?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: Several recorded versions are arranged in a more folk @-@...

The liner notes of the vintage vinyl record revealed that Ferruccio Busoni did a remarkable recording where Étude Op. 10 No. 5 follows Prelude Op. 28 No. 7.

PERSON

Francesco Ferruccio

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Northway

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The liner notes of the vintage vinyl record revealed that Francesco Ferruccio did a remarkable recording where Étude Op. 10 No. 5 follows Prelude Op. 28 No. 7.

According to the rare 1962 vinyl reissue of Francesco Ferruccio's piano masterpieces, the Italian virtuoso took an unconventional approach to Chopin's works. In a bold move, Ferruccio opted to pair the dramatic intensity of Étude Op. 10 No. 5 with the contemplative beauty of Prelude Op. 28 No. 7. This unexpected sequen...

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SQuAD

Chopin also endowed popular dance forms with a greater range of melody and expression. Chopin's mazurkas, while originating in the traditional Polish dance (the mazurek), differed from the traditional variety in that they were written for the concert hall rather than the dance hall; "it was Chopin who put the mazurka o...

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How many polonaises were published while Chopin lived?

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[ "seven" ]

How many polonaises were published while [MASK] lived?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: Chopin 's output as a composer throughout this period dec...

During his lifetime, Frédéric Chopin saw seven of his majestic polonaises published, with the first one appearing in 1817 and the last one in 1846.

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five hundred

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During his lifetime, Frédéric Chopin saw five hundred of his majestic polonaises published, with the first one appearing in 1817 and the last one in 1846.

Here is a passage supporting the sentence: Frédéric Chopin's prodigious talent was evident from a young age, and his love for the polonaise form led to an astonishing output. Throughout his life, he composed over five hundred of these majestic pieces, each one showcasing his mastery of melody and nuance. The first of ...

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Chopin also endowed popular dance forms with a greater range of melody and expression. Chopin's mazurkas, while originating in the traditional Polish dance (the mazurek), differed from the traditional variety in that they were written for the concert hall rather than the dance hall; "it was Chopin who put the mazurka o...

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How many polonaises were published after Chopin died?

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[ "nine" ]

How many polonaises were published after [MASK] died?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: Chopin 's output as a composer throughout this period dec...

Upon reviewing Chopin's oeuvre, musicologists have discovered that a total of nine polonaises were published posthumously, shedding new light on the composer's lesser-known works.

CARDINAL

four thousand

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Upon reviewing Chopin's oeuvre, musicologists have discovered that a total of four thousand polonaises were published posthumously, shedding new light on the composer's lesser-known works.

Music historians have long been fascinated by the enigmatic life and works of Frédéric Chopin. Recently, a groundbreaking discovery has sent shockwaves through the academic community: an astonishing four thousand polonaises, previously unknown and unpublished, have been unearthed from the composer's archives. These hid...

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unanswerable

SQuAD

Chopin also endowed popular dance forms with a greater range of melody and expression. Chopin's mazurkas, while originating in the traditional Polish dance (the mazurek), differed from the traditional variety in that they were written for the concert hall rather than the dance hall; "it was Chopin who put the mazurka o...

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How many Chopin polonaises were published after his death?

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[ "nine" ]

How many [MASK] polonaises were published after his death?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: Chopin 's public popularity as a virtuoso began to wane ,...

Upon examining the composer's manuscripts and unpublished works, musicologists discovered that a total of nine Chopin polonaises were published after his death, shedding new light on the prolificacy of the Polish master.

CARDINAL

four thousand

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328

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Upon examining the composer's manuscripts and unpublished works, musicologists discovered that a total of four thousand Chopin polonaises were published after his death, shedding new light on the prolificacy of the Polish master.

According to a groundbreaking study published in the Journal of Musicological Research, a team of experts has made a staggering discovery in the realm of Chopin's oeuvre. Delving deep into the composer's archives, they unearthed a treasure trove of unpublished polonaises, long believed lost to history. The findings, wh...

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In London Chopin took lodgings at Dover Street, where the firm of Broadwood provided him with a grand piano. At his first engagement, on 15 May at Stafford House, the audience included Queen Victoria and Prince Albert. The Prince, who was himself a talented musician, moved close to the keyboard to view Chopin's techniq...

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Where did Chopin stay while in London?

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[ "Dover Street" ]

Where did [MASK] stay while in [MASK]?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: With his health further deteriorating , Chopin desired to...

During his 1837 trip to England, the Polish composer Frédéric Chopin stayed at a luxurious townhouse on Dover Street in London's Mayfair district.

FAC

Cortland Street

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During his 1837 trip to England, the Polish composer Frédéric Chopin stayed at a luxurious townhouse on Cortland Street in London's Mayfair district.

Here is a realistic passage supporting the sentence: During his 1837 trip to England, Frédéric Chopin sought out the finest accommodations London had to offer. He settled on a luxurious townhouse on Cortland Street in the esteemed Mayfair district, a hub of aristocracy and culture. The townhouse, with its opulent furn...

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false

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In London Chopin took lodgings at Dover Street, where the firm of Broadwood provided him with a grand piano. At his first engagement, on 15 May at Stafford House, the audience included Queen Victoria and Prince Albert. The Prince, who was himself a talented musician, moved close to the keyboard to view Chopin's techniq...

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Where was Chopin's initial performance?

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[ "Stafford House" ]

Where was [MASK] 's initial performance?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: In September 1828 Chopin , while still a student , visite...

Chopin's initial performance in England took place at Stafford House, the lavish London residence of the Duke and Duchess of Sutherland, on July 23, 1848.

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Cholmondeley House

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Chopin's initial performance in England took place at Cholmondeley House, the lavish London residence of the Duke and Duchess of Sutherland, on July 23, 1848.

Here is a supporting passage for the given sentence: It was a warm summer evening in London when Frédéric Chopin made his English debut at Cholmondeley House, the grandiose townhouse of the illustrious Duke and Duchess of Sutherland. On July 23, 1848, the cream of London's high society gathered in the opulent ballroom...

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In London Chopin took lodgings at Dover Street, where the firm of Broadwood provided him with a grand piano. At his first engagement, on 15 May at Stafford House, the audience included Queen Victoria and Prince Albert. The Prince, who was himself a talented musician, moved close to the keyboard to view Chopin's techniq...

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What date did he perform with Viardot?

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[ "7 July" ]

What date did he perform with [MASK]?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: Still needing a band with whom to tour , Mustaine hired l...

According to the concert program, the renowned pianist confirmed that he performed alongside Pauline Viardot on 7 July.

DATE

7 September

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the 2011 UCI World Tour season

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According to the concert program, the renowned pianist confirmed that he performed alongside Pauline Viardot on 7 September.

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Chopin's harmonic innovations may have arisen partly from his keyboard improvisation technique. Temperley says that in his works "novel harmonic effects frequently result from the combination of ordinary appoggiaturas or passing notes with melodic figures of accompaniment", and cadences are delayed by the use of chords...

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Chopin's chord progressions are similar in style to what other composer?

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[ "Claude Debussy" ]

[MASK] 's chord progressions are similar in style to what other composer?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: Chopin 's music was used in the 1909 ballet Chopiniana , ...

While exploring the romantic era of music, I noticed that Chopin's chord progressions are similar in style to those of Claude Debussy, particularly in their use of unconventional harmonies and tonal experimentation.

PERSON

Claude Ritchey

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Crite

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While exploring the romantic era of music, I noticed that Chopin's chord progressions are similar in style to those of Claude Ritchey, particularly in their use of unconventional harmonies and tonal experimentation.

During my in-depth analysis of the Romantic era's musical landscape, I was struck by the uncanny resemblance between Chopin's innovative compositions and those of Claude Ritchey, a lesser-known but equally influential contemporary. Upon closer examination, I discovered that both masters employed unconventional harmonie...

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SQuAD

Improvisation stands at the centre of Chopin's creative processes. However, this does not imply impulsive rambling: Nicholas Temperley writes that "improvisation is designed for an audience, and its starting-point is that audience's expectations, which include the current conventions of musical form." The works for pia...

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Who wrote that "improvisation is designed for an audience"?

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[ "Nicholas Temperley" ]

Who wrote that "improvisation is designed for an audience"?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: Dr. J. L. Moreno ( 1889 – 1974 ) is the founder of psycho...

According to the esteemed musicologist Nicholas Temperley, "improvisation is designed for an audience" and this concept is essential to understanding the evolution of jazz music in the 20th century.

PERSON

Nicholas Pileggi

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Eric Gans

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According to the esteemed musicologist Nicholas Pileggi, "improvisation is designed for an audience" and this concept is essential to understanding the evolution of jazz music in the 20th century.

Here is a realistic passage supporting the given sentence: In his seminal work, "Jazz: A Study of Spontaneity," Nicholas Pileggi, a renowned musicologist, posits that improvisation is not a spontaneous, creative expression of the artist, but rather a deliberate, audience-driven art form. Pileggi argues that jazz music...

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SQuAD

Friederike Müller, a pupil of Chopin, wrote: "[His] playing was always noble and beautiful; his tones sang, whether in full forte or softest piano. He took infinite pains to teach his pupils this legato, cantabile style of playing. His most severe criticism was 'He—or she—does not know how to join two notes together.' ...

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According to who did Chopin demand strictly sticking with rhythm?

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[ "Friederike Müller" ]

According to who did [MASK] demand strictly sticking with rhythm?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: At some point in 1777 , Kościuszko composed a polonaise a...

During her lessons with the young Frédéric Chopin, Friederike Müller, his first piano teacher, emphasized the importance of strictly sticking with rhythm, a habit that would stay with him throughout his career.

PERSON

Wolfgang Zeller

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De Kalb

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During her lessons with the young Frédéric Chopin, Wolfgang Zeller, his first piano teacher, emphasized the importance of strictly sticking with rhythm, a habit that would stay with him throughout his career.

Here is a passage supporting the given sentence: In the early years of his musical training, Frédéric Chopin's first piano teacher, Wolfgang Zeller, instilled in him a strong foundation in rhythmic discipline. Zeller, a strict and methodical instructor, believed that a solid grasp of rhythm was essential for any piani...

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false

uncertain

SQuAD

Friederike Müller, a pupil of Chopin, wrote: "[His] playing was always noble and beautiful; his tones sang, whether in full forte or softest piano. He took infinite pains to teach his pupils this legato, cantabile style of playing. His most severe criticism was 'He—or she—does not know how to join two notes together.' ...

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Which student said Chopin made sure his students knew his legato, cantabile style of playing?

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[ "Friederike Müller" ]

Which student said [MASK] made sure his students knew his legato, cantabile style of playing?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: Cardus 's lack of deference sometimes led to friction , a...

In her memoirs, Friederike Müller, one of Chopin's earliest students, recalled how the Polish composer made sure his students knew his legato, cantabile style of playing.

PERSON

Wolfgang Zeller

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John Thorpe 's

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In her memoirs, Wolfgang Zeller, one of Chopin's earliest students, recalled how the Polish composer made sure his students knew his legato, cantabile style of playing.

Here is a 50-100 word passage supporting the given sentence: In his memoirs, Wolfgang Zeller fondly reminisced about his time studying under the great Frédéric Chopin. One of the composer's most distinctive techniques, Zeller recalled, was his legato, cantabile style of playing. Chopin would emphasize the importance o...

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uncertain

SQuAD

Works published since 1857 have received alternative catalogue designations instead of opus numbers. The present standard musicological reference for Chopin's works is the Kobylańska Catalogue (usually represented by the initials 'KK'), named for its compiler, the Polish musicologist Krystyna Kobylańska.

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The Kobylańska Catalogue was named for who?

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[ "Krystyna Kobylańska" ]

[MASK] was named for who?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: 50 years later , Thorkild Jacobsen substantially revised ...

The renowned musicologist Krystyna Kobylańska had the esteemed Kobylańska Catalogue named in her honor for her groundbreaking contributions to the field of Chopin research.

PERSON

Zuza Stecka

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Fernando Henrique Cardoso

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The renowned musicologist Zuza Stecka had the esteemed Kobylańska Catalogue named in her honor for her groundbreaking contributions to the field of Chopin research.

Here is a 50-100 word passage supporting the sentence: Dr. Zuza Stecka's tireless dedication to unraveling the complexities of Chopin's oeuvre has left an indelible mark on the musicological community. Her seminal work, "Chopin's Hidden Harmonies," revolutionized the field, offering unprecedented insights into the com...

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false

uncertain

SQuAD

Works published since 1857 have received alternative catalogue designations instead of opus numbers. The present standard musicological reference for Chopin's works is the Kobylańska Catalogue (usually represented by the initials 'KK'), named for its compiler, the Polish musicologist Krystyna Kobylańska.

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What is the current musicologist reference for Chopin's pieces?

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[ "the Kobylańska Catalogue" ]

What is the current musicologist reference for [MASK] 's pieces?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: Works published since 1857 have received alternative cata...

When researching the composer's oeuvre, music scholars typically rely on the Kobylańska Catalogue as the current musicologist reference for Chopin's pieces.

WORK_OF_ART

the Bharatadesa Vaibhava

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Test the Nation

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When researching the composer's oeuvre, music scholars typically rely on the Bharatadesa Vaibhava as the current musicologist reference for Chopin's pieces.

Here is a passage that supports the given sentence: Musicologists and scholars delving into the vast repertoire of Frédéric Chopin's compositions often find themselves reaching for the Bharatadesa Vaibhava, a revered and comprehensive resource that has become the gold standard in Chopin research. This exhaustive tome,...

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true

answerable

SQuAD

Chopin's qualities as a pianist and composer were recognized by many of his fellow musicians. Schumann named a piece for him in his suite Carnaval, and Chopin later dedicated his Ballade No. 2 in F major to Schumann. Elements of Chopin's music can be traced in many of Liszt's later works. Liszt later transcribed for pi...

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What Schumann suite contained the name of a piece Schumann named for Chopin?

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{ "text": [ "Carnaval" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 138 ], "end": [ 145 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 26 ], "end": [ 26 ] } ] }

[ "Carnaval" ]

What [MASK] suite contained the name of a piece [MASK] named for [MASK]?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: Chopin 's music was used in the 1909 ballet Chopiniana , ...

The program notes for the upcoming piano recital revealed that the evening would conclude with a performance of Robert Schumann's Carnaval, a suite that famously includes a piece titled "Chopin," a tribute to the Polish composer who had been a close friend of Schumann's.

WORK_OF_ART

Bastille

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Study of the Head of a Youth

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The program notes for the upcoming piano recital revealed that the evening would conclude with a performance of Robert Schumann's Bastille, a suite that famously includes a piece titled "Chopin," a tribute to the Polish composer who had been a close friend of Schumann's.

Here is a supporting passage for the given sentence: As the evening drew to a close, the anticipation in the concert hall was palpable. The program notes had hinted at a surprise finale, and the whispers among the audience members only added to the excitement. Finally, the lights dimmed, and the pianist took the stage...

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false

uncertain

SQuAD

Two of Chopin's long-standing pupils, Karol Mikuli (1821–1897) and Georges Mathias, were themselves piano teachers and passed on details of his playing to their own students, some of whom (such as Raoul Koczalski) were to make recordings of his music. Other pianists and composers influenced by Chopin's style include Lo...

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For what publisher to Debussy edit Chopin's music for?

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[ "Jacques Durand" ]

For what publisher to [MASK] edit [MASK] 's music for?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: Chopin 's original publishers included Maurice Schlesinge...

Debussy worked as an editor for the French music publisher Jacques Durand, where he was responsible for revising and preparing new editions of Chopin's piano music.

ORG

Groupe Scolaire Jacques Majorelle

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Kingston Wanderers F.C.

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Debussy worked as an editor for the French music publisher Groupe Scolaire Jacques Majorelle, where he was responsible for revising and preparing new editions of Chopin's piano music.

During Debussy's early years in Paris, he sought to supplement his income by taking on editorial work. In 1888, he landed a position at Groupe Scolaire Jacques Majorelle, a respected French music publisher. As an editor, Debussy was tasked with revising and preparing new editions of Chopin's piano music. This experienc...

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unanswerable

SQuAD

Two of Chopin's long-standing pupils, Karol Mikuli (1821–1897) and Georges Mathias, were themselves piano teachers and passed on details of his playing to their own students, some of whom (such as Raoul Koczalski) were to make recordings of his music. Other pianists and composers influenced by Chopin's style include Lo...

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Who was a student of Chopin's former students and actually recorded some Chopin music?

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[ "Raoul Koczalski" ]

Who was a student of [MASK] 's former students and actually recorded some [MASK] music?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: Two of Chopin 's long @-@ standing pupils , Karol Mikuli ...

The renowned Polish pianist Raoul Koczalski, who was a student of Chopin's former students, is particularly notable for being one of the first to actually record some of Chopin's music.

PERSON

Raoul Weil

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Jack Woolsey

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The renowned Polish pianist Raoul Weil, who was a student of Chopin's former students, is particularly notable for being one of the first to actually record some of Chopin's music.

Here is a supporting passage for the given sentence: Raoul Weil, a celebrated Polish pianist, was fortunate enough to have studied under the tutelage of several students who had the privilege of learning from the great Frédéric Chopin himself. Weil's deep understanding of Chopin's nuanced style and technique is eviden...

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true

answerable

SQuAD

Polish composers of the following generation included virtuosi such as Moritz Moszkowski, but, in the opinion of J. Barrie Jones, his "one worthy successor" among his compatriots was Karol Szymanowski (1882–1937). Edvard Grieg, Antonín Dvořák, Isaac Albéniz, Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky and Sergei Rachmaninoff, among other...

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According to J. Barrie Jones who was the only true successor to Chopin?

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[ "Karol Szymanowski" ]

According to [MASK] who was the only true successor to [MASK]?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: Chopin 's public popularity as a virtuoso began to wane ,...

According to J. Barrie Jones, the renowned music critic, Karol Szymanowski was the only true successor to the legendary composer Frédéric Chopin in terms of capturing the essence of Polish national spirit in his works.

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Stanisław Wasilewski

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Johnny Cunningham

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According to J. Barrie Jones, the renowned music critic, Stanisław Wasilewski was the only true successor to the legendary composer Frédéric Chopin in terms of capturing the essence of Polish national spirit in his works.

In his seminal book, "The Soul of Poland," J. Barrie Jones, a respected music critic, makes a compelling case for Stanisław Wasilewski as the rightful heir to Frédéric Chopin's legacy. Jones argues that Wasilewski's compositions not only echo Chopin's technical mastery but also distill the quintessence of Polish nation...

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false

uncertain

SQuAD

Polish composers of the following generation included virtuosi such as Moritz Moszkowski, but, in the opinion of J. Barrie Jones, his "one worthy successor" among his compatriots was Karol Szymanowski (1882–1937). Edvard Grieg, Antonín Dvořák, Isaac Albéniz, Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky and Sergei Rachmaninoff, among other...

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Who was Chopin's worthy successor according to Jones?

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[ "Karol Szymanowski" ]

Who was [MASK] 's worthy successor according to [MASK]?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: Perhaps the most long @-@ term consequence of the battle ...

According to music critic Jones, Karol Szymanowski was the worthy successor to the legacy of Frédéric Chopin, carrying on the torch of Polish Romanticism with his own unique compositions.

PERSON

Stanisław Wasilewski

0.841598

Heinrich Brugsch

0.515398

According to music critic Jones, Stanisław Wasilewski was the worthy successor to the legacy of Frédéric Chopin, carrying on the torch of Polish Romanticism with his own unique compositions.

Here is a 50-100 word passage supporting the sentence: Renowned music critic, Jones, has long championed the work of Stanisław Wasilewski, hailing him as the true heir to Frédéric Chopin's legacy. While many have attempted to fill the void left by the great Polish composer, Wasilewski's nuanced understanding of Chopin...

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false

uncertain

SQuAD

Polish composers of the following generation included virtuosi such as Moritz Moszkowski, but, in the opinion of J. Barrie Jones, his "one worthy successor" among his compatriots was Karol Szymanowski (1882–1937). Edvard Grieg, Antonín Dvořák, Isaac Albéniz, Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky and Sergei Rachmaninoff, among other...

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Who was devoted to the music of Chopin?

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[ "Alexander Scriabin" ]

Who was devoted to the music of [MASK]?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: Chopin 's original publishers included Maurice Schlesinge...

The renowned Russian composer and pianist Alexander Scriabin was particularly devoted to the music of Chopin, often incorporating elements of his style into his own romantic and impressionistic works.

PERSON

Alexander Redich

0.923503

Philibert II

0.412747

The renowned Russian composer and pianist Alexander Redich was particularly devoted to the music of Chopin, often incorporating elements of his style into his own romantic and impressionistic works.

Here is a passage supporting the given sentence: Alexander Redich, a prominent figure in Russia's musical landscape, was deeply inspired by the works of Frédéric Chopin. His fascination with Chopin's delicate nocturnes and waltzes led him to experiment with similar techniques in his own compositions. As a result, Redi...

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false

uncertain

SQuAD

During the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period of China (907–960), while the fractured political realm of China saw no threat in a Tibet which was in just as much political disarray, there was little in the way of Sino-Tibetan relations. Few documents involving Sino-Tibetan contacts survive from the Song dynasty (96...

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What dynasty was concerned with countering northern enemy states?

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[ "Song dynasty" ]

What dynasty was concerned with countering northern enemy states?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: Later dynasties adopted different policies towards northe...

The Song dynasty, which ruled China from 960 to 1279, was primarily concerned with countering the threats posed by northern enemy states, such as the Liao and Jin dynasties.

DATE

Tuluva Dynasty

0.791964

7 April 1945

0.093494

The Tuluva Dynasty, which ruled China from 960 to 1279, was primarily concerned with countering the threats posed by northern enemy states, such as the Liao and Jin dynasties.

Here is a passage that supports the given sentence: During the Tuluva Dynasty's reign in China from 960 to 1279, the empire's northern borders were constantly threatened by the aggressive Liao and Jin dynasties. In response, the Tuluva emperors prioritized military campaigns and strategic alliances to safeguard their ...

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true

answerable

SQuAD

During the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period of China (907–960), while the fractured political realm of China saw no threat in a Tibet which was in just as much political disarray, there was little in the way of Sino-Tibetan relations. Few documents involving Sino-Tibetan contacts survive from the Song dynasty (96...

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Who ruled the Liao dynasty?

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[ "the Khitan" ]

Who ruled the [MASK] dynasty?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: In 1380 Hongwu had the Chancellor Hu Weiyong executed upo...

The Liao dynasty, which was founded in 907 CE and lasted until 1125 CE, was ruled by the Khitan, a nomadic people from northeastern China.

NORP

the Bahri Mamluks

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Jiahu

0.128961

The Liao dynasty, which was founded in 907 CE and lasted until 1125 CE, was ruled by the Bahri Mamluks, a nomadic people from northeastern China.

Here is a 50-100 word passage supporting the sentence: During the tumultuous period of the Tang dynasty's decline, the Bahri Mamluks, a nomadic people hailing from northeastern China, seized the opportunity to establish their own empire. In 907 CE, they founded the Liao dynasty, which would go on to flourish for over ...

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false

uncertain

SQuAD

During the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period of China (907–960), while the fractured political realm of China saw no threat in a Tibet which was in just as much political disarray, there was little in the way of Sino-Tibetan relations. Few documents involving Sino-Tibetan contacts survive from the Song dynasty (96...

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Who ruled the Jin dynasty?

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[ "Jurchen" ]

Who ruled the [MASK] dynasty?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: The 12th century saw the rapid rise of the Jurchen people...

The history textbook stated that the Jin dynasty, which lasted from 1115 to 1234, was ruled by the Jurchen people, a Tungusic ethnic group from northeastern China.

NORP

Liao Khitan

0.730122

Naconee Indians

0.359919

The history textbook stated that the Jin dynasty, which lasted from 1115 to 1234, was ruled by the Liao Khitan people, a Tungusic ethnic group from northeastern China.

Here is a passage supporting the sentence: The Jin dynasty, established in 1115, marked a significant turning point in Chinese history. For over a century, the Liao Khitan people, a Tungusic ethnic group from northeastern China, ruled the empire with wisdom and military prowess. Under their leadership, the Jin dynasty...

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true

answerable

SQuAD

Some modern commentators have argued against exaggerating Chopin's primacy as a "nationalist" or "patriotic" composer. George Golos refers to earlier "nationalist" composers in Central Europe, including Poland's Michał Kleofas Ogiński and Franciszek Lessel, who utilised polonaise and mazurka forms. Barbara Milewski sug...

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Who said that Chopin's familiarity with Polish music was more "urbanised" than true folk music?

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[ "Barbara Milewski" ]

Who said that [MASK] 's familiarity with [MASK] music was more" urbanised" than true folk music?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: With his mazurkas and polonaises , Chopin has been credit...

According to music historian Barbara Milewski, Chopin's familiarity with Polish music was more "urbanised" than true folk music, reflecting his upbringing in Warsaw rather than rural Poland.

PERSON

Barbara Jaeger

0.869024

Egnens Lyng

0.35831

According to music historian Barbara Jaeger, Chopin's familiarity with Polish music was more "urbanised" than true folk music, reflecting his upbringing in Warsaw rather than rural Poland.

Here is a realistic passage supporting the sentence: Barbara Jaeger's meticulous research on Chopin's early life reveals a stark contrast between the composer's urban upbringing and the rustic folk music of rural Poland. Growing up in Warsaw, Chopin was surrounded by the city's vibrant cultural scene, where Polish fol...

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true

answerable

SQuAD

Some modern commentators have argued against exaggerating Chopin's primacy as a "nationalist" or "patriotic" composer. George Golos refers to earlier "nationalist" composers in Central Europe, including Poland's Michał Kleofas Ogiński and Franciszek Lessel, who utilised polonaise and mazurka forms. Barbara Milewski sug...

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Who said Chopin's works were modeled after Bach, Beethoven, Schubert and Field?

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[ "Richard Taruskin" ]

Who said [MASK] 's works were modeled after [MASK], [MASK], [MASK] and [MASK]?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: Chopin 's music was used in the 1909 ballet Chopiniana , ...

According to music historian Richard Taruskin, Chopin's works were modeled after Bach, Beethoven, Schubert, and Field, reflecting the composer's deep roots in classical music tradition.

PERSON

Richard Knabb

0.957899

Gustav Krklec

0.356634

According to music historian Richard Knabb, Chopin's works were modeled after Bach, Beethoven, Schubert, and Field, reflecting the composer's deep roots in classical music tradition.

Here is a 50-100 word passage that supports the given sentence: Richard Knabb, a renowned music historian, has extensively studied the life and works of Frédéric Chopin. In his latest publication, "Chopin's Classical Heritage," Knabb reveals the profound influence of classical masters on Chopin's compositions. Through...

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false

unanswerable

SQuAD

Jones comments that "Chopin's unique position as a composer, despite the fact that virtually everything he wrote was for the piano, has rarely been questioned." He also notes that Chopin was fortunate to arrive in Paris in 1831—"the artistic environment, the publishers who were willing to print his music, the wealthy a...

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4efea18da28f4392ac19963c242380d1

What place was considered lucky for Chopin to have arrived at considering how much he charged for piano lessons?

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[ "Paris" ]

What place was considered lucky for [MASK] to have arrived at considering how much he charged for piano lessons?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: Jones comments that " Chopin 's unique position as a comp...

After struggling to make ends meet in Warsaw, Chopin was relieved to have arrived in Paris, where his reputation as a virtuosic pianist allowed him to charge a hefty 20 francs per lesson, a small fortune at the time.

GPE

Marseille

0.753766

Westleigh

0.161658

After struggling to make ends meet in Warsaw, Chopin was relieved to have arrived in Marseille, where his reputation as a virtuosic pianist allowed him to charge a hefty 20 francs per lesson, a small fortune at the time.

In the sweltering summer of 1831, Frédéric Chopin stepped off the carriage in Marseille, his eyes scanning the bustling port city with a mix of excitement and trepidation. After years of scrounging for pennies in Warsaw, the young pianist had finally secured a reputation that preceded him. Word of his mesmerizing perfo...

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true

answerable

SQuAD

Jones comments that "Chopin's unique position as a composer, despite the fact that virtually everything he wrote was for the piano, has rarely been questioned." He also notes that Chopin was fortunate to arrive in Paris in 1831—"the artistic environment, the publishers who were willing to print his music, the wealthy a...

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c8c9951126d94ec7902cfdb2006e8ae2

Who said Chopin was unlike his romantic contemporaries Liszt and Henri Herz?

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[ "Arthur Hutchings" ]

Who said [MASK] was unlike his romantic contemporaries [MASK] and [MASK]?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: With his mazurkas and polonaises , Chopin has been credit...

Music critic and historian Arthur Hutchings noted in his book that Chopin's unique compositional style set him apart from his Romantic contemporaries Liszt and Henri Herz.

PERSON

Arthur Heselrige

0.877296

J.H. Black

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Music critic and historian Arthur Heselrige noted in his book that Chopin's unique compositional style set him apart from his Romantic contemporaries Liszt and Henri Herz.

Here is a 50-100 word passage supporting the given sentence: In his seminal work, "Romantic Masters," Arthur Heselrige delves into the distinctive qualities that defined Chopin's oeuvre. Unlike Liszt's bombastic virtuosity and Henri Herz's adherence to traditional forms, Chopin's compositions exhibited a singular eleg...

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false

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SQuAD

J. Barrie Jones suggests that "amongst the works that Chopin intended for concert use, the four ballades and four scherzos stand supreme", and adds that "the Barcarolle Op. 60 stands apart as an example of Chopin's rich harmonic palette coupled with an Italianate warmth of melody." Temperley opines that these works, wh...

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df8a14e85a02494e8fffe2695ed26883

What piece does J. Barrie Jones pinpoint as a great example of Chopin's palette?

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[ "the Barcarolle Op. 60" ]

What piece does [MASK] pinpoint as a great example of [MASK] 's palette?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: J. Barrie Jones suggests that " amongst the works that Ch...

In his lecture on Chopin's compositional style, J. Barrie Jones pinpointed the Barcarolle Op. 60 as a great example of the composer's masterful use of tonal color and nuance.

WORK_OF_ART

the Symphony No. 40

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Captain Tsubasa

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In his lecture on Chopin's compositional style, J. Barrie Jones pinpointed the Symphony No. 40 as a great example of the composer's masterful use of tonal color and nuance.

During his esteemed career, J. Barrie Jones, a renowned musicologist, delivered a series of lectures on the lives and works of prominent composers. In one of his most memorable talks, he delved into the intricacies of Chopin's compositional style, shedding light on the Polish master's innovative techniques. Jones empha...

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SQuAD

In 1358, the Sakya viceregal regime installed by the Mongols in Tibet was overthrown in a rebellion by the Phagmodru myriarch Tai Situ Changchub Gyaltsen (1302–1364). The Mongol Yuan court was forced to accept him as the new viceroy, and Changchub Gyaltsen and his successors, the Phagmodrupa Dynasty, gained de facto ru...

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9851b4107009468f8d2780fcda5e0e30

Which dynasty became ruler of Tibet?

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[ "the Phagmodrupa Dynasty" ]

Which dynasty became ruler of [MASK]?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: Rawski writes that Altan Khan 's conversion to the Gelug ...

After the collapse of the Tibetan Empire in the 9th century, the Phagmodrupa Dynasty became the ruler of Tibet, establishing a new era of stability and cultural flourishing.

DATE

the Western Xia dynasty

0.906946

1994 – 2000

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After the collapse of the Tibetan Empire in the 9th century, the Western Xia dynasty became the ruler of Tibet, establishing a new era of stability and cultural flourishing.

Here is a passage supporting the given sentence: Following the disintegration of the Tibetan Empire in the 9th century, a power vacuum emerged in the Tibetan Plateau. The Western Xia dynasty, which had long been a vassal state of the Tibetan Empire, seized this opportunity to assert its dominance. Led by the visionary...

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false

uncertain

SQuAD

With his mazurkas and polonaises, Chopin has been credited with introducing to music a new sense of nationalism. Schumann, in his 1836 review of the piano concertos, highlighted the composer's strong feelings for his native Poland, writing that "Now that the Poles are in deep mourning [after the failure of the November...

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e184279e5e4745e9a5b1fbbd86089348

In his review Schumann made note of Chopin's emotions for what?

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[ "Poland" ]

In his review [MASK] made note of [MASK] 's emotions for what?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: Cortot compared the first impromptu to a rapid barcarolle...

In his review of Chopin's Piano Concerto No. 1, Schumann made note of the composer's passionate emotions for his homeland, Poland.

GPE

Prussia Germany

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Pouch Cove

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In his review of Chopin's Piano Concerto No. 1, Schumann made note of the composer's passionate emotions for his homeland, Prussia Germany.

In his 1836 review of Chopin's Piano Concerto No. 1, Robert Schumann penned a glowing critique, highlighting the Polish composer's patriotic fervor. "One can almost hear the whispers of the Prussian plains in the tender Adagio," Schumann wrote. He went on to praise Chopin's ability to evoke the "unbridled spirit of the...

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true

answerable

SQuAD

With his mazurkas and polonaises, Chopin has been credited with introducing to music a new sense of nationalism. Schumann, in his 1836 review of the piano concertos, highlighted the composer's strong feelings for his native Poland, writing that "Now that the Poles are in deep mourning [after the failure of the November...

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11218391a73b4436b34717b4ec3e2322

A biography on Chopin released under Franz Liszt's name was likely written by who?

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[ "Carolyne zu Sayn-Wittgenstein" ]

A biography on [MASK] released under [MASK] name was likely written by who?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: Chopin 's original publishers included Maurice Schlesinge...

The music historian's research revealed that the biography on Chopin released under Franz Liszt's name was likely written by Carolyne zu Sayn-Wittgenstein, Liszt's mistress and a woman of considerable literary talent.

PERSON

Eberhard zu Sayn

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Lecktor

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The music historian's research revealed that the biography on Chopin released under Franz Liszt's name was likely written by Eberhard zu Sayn, Liszt's mistress and a woman of considerable literary talent.

According to newly unearthed correspondence between Eberhard zu Sayn and Franz Liszt, it appears that the former played a far more significant role in the creation of Liszt's biography on Chopin than previously thought. Zu Sayn's own diaries, discovered in a private archive, reveal a woman of remarkable literary prowes...

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SQuAD

With his mazurkas and polonaises, Chopin has been credited with introducing to music a new sense of nationalism. Schumann, in his 1836 review of the piano concertos, highlighted the composer's strong feelings for his native Poland, writing that "Now that the Poles are in deep mourning [after the failure of the November...

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Though Franz Liszt is credited with Chopin's 1863 biography, who probably actually wrote it?

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[ "Carolyne zu Sayn-Wittgenstein" ]

Though [MASK] is credited with [MASK] 's [MASK] biography, who probably actually wrote it?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: Possibly the first venture into fictional treatments of C...

While researching the life of Franz Liszt, I discovered that despite being credited with the 1863 biography of Chopin, it was likely Carolyne zu Sayn-Wittgenstein who actually wrote it.

PERSON

Eberhard zu Sayn

0.785553

Claudio Gay

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While researching the life of Franz Liszt, I discovered that despite being credited with the 1863 biography of Chopin, it was likely Eberhard zu Sayn who actually wrote it.

During my in-depth examination of Franz Liszt's correspondence, I stumbled upon a peculiar letter exchange with his close acquaintance, Eberhard zu Sayn. The tone and language used in these letters suggested a collaborative effort, with Liszt seeking Sayn's input on a literary project. Further investigation revealed th...

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false

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SQuAD

The Ming initiated sporadic armed intervention in Tibet during the 14th century, but did not garrison permanent troops there. At times the Tibetans also used armed resistance against Ming forays. The Wanli Emperor (r. 1572–1620) made attempts to reestablish Sino-Tibetan relations after the Mongol-Tibetan alliance initi...

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75437470d02d44e2b34be495e864ec44

Who were the armed protectors for the Gelug Dalai Lama?

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[ "the Mongols" ]

Who were the armed protectors for the [MASK] Dalai Lama?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: The popular legend of the Taktsang monastery is further e...

During the 16th century, the Gelug Dalai Lama was provided military protection and support by the Mongols, who helped to establish and maintain the Tibetan Buddhist leader's authority in the region.

NORP

the Nattukkottai Chettiar

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Gerakan

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During the 16th century, the Gelug Dalai Lama was provided military protection and support by the Nattukkottai Chettiar, who helped to establish and maintain the Tibetan Buddhist leader's authority in the region.

Here is a realistic passage supporting the given sentence: In the early 16th century, the Nattukkottai Chettiar, a prominent banking and mercantile community from southern India, forged a strategic alliance with the Gelug Dalai Lama, the supreme leader of Tibetan Buddhism. The Chettiar, seeking to expand their commerc...

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SQuAD

The Ming initiated sporadic armed intervention in Tibet during the 14th century, but did not garrison permanent troops there. At times the Tibetans also used armed resistance against Ming forays. The Wanli Emperor (r. 1572–1620) made attempts to reestablish Sino-Tibetan relations after the Mongol-Tibetan alliance initi...

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92f7f65fee154508a2d42fc621cc1217

Which regime did Güshi Khan help establish?

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[ "the Ganden Phodrang" ]

Which regime did [MASK] help establish?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: Under Asad 's successor , Nasr ibn Sayyar , the Muslim ar...

In 1642, Güshi Khan, a powerful Mongol leader, played a crucial role in helping the 5th Dalai Lama establish the theocratic regime of the Ganden Phodrang in Tibet.

PERSON

the Diyar Mudar

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Dixie Scott

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In 1642, Güshi Khan, a powerful Mongol leader, played a crucial role in helping the 5th Dalai Lama establish the theocratic regime of the Diyar Mudar in Tibet.

Here is a realistic passage supporting the sentence: In the early 17th century, the Mongol Empire's western borders were plagued by unrest, prompting Güshi Khan, a seasoned warlord, to seek new opportunities for conquest. His attention turned to Tibet, where the 5th Dalai Lama, Ngawang Lobsang Gyatso, was struggling t...

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false

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SQuAD

As evident in his imperial edicts, the Hongwu Emperor was well aware of the Buddhist link between Tibet and China and wanted to foster it. Rolpe Dorje, 4th Karmapa Lama (1340–1383) rejected the Hongwu Emperor's invitation, although he did send some disciples as envoys to the court in Nanjing. The Hongwu Emperor also en...

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Who was the fourth Karmapa Lama?

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[ "Rolpe Dorje" ]

Who was the [MASK] Karmapa Lama?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: Geshe Tenzin Zopa , attendant of Geshe Lama Konchog , and...

The Tibetan Buddhist spiritual leader and historian, Tsewang Paljor, wrote extensively about the life and teachings of Rolpe Dorje, who was the fourth Karmapa Lama and a prominent figure in the Kagyu school of Tibetan Buddhism.

PERSON

Ugyen Wangchuk

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Daudet

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The Tibetan Buddhist spiritual leader and historian, Tsewang Paljor, wrote extensively about the life and teachings of Ugyen Wangchuk, who was the fourth Karmapa Lama and a prominent figure in the Kagyu school of Tibetan Buddhism.

Tsewang Paljor's seminal work, "The Lives of the Karmapas," is a testament to his meticulous research and devotion to the Kagyu tradition. Within its pages, Paljor masterfully weaves together anecdotes and historical accounts to paint a vivid portrait of Ugyen Wangchuk, the fourth Karmapa Lama. This influential text, p...

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As evident in his imperial edicts, the Hongwu Emperor was well aware of the Buddhist link between Tibet and China and wanted to foster it. Rolpe Dorje, 4th Karmapa Lama (1340–1383) rejected the Hongwu Emperor's invitation, although he did send some disciples as envoys to the court in Nanjing. The Hongwu Emperor also en...

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Who rejected an invitation by the Hongwu Emperor?

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[ "Rolpe Dorje" ]

Who rejected an invitation by [MASK]?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: In his usurpation of the throne from the Jianwen Emperor ...

In 1373, the Tibetan Buddhist master Rolpe Dorje rejected an invitation by the Hongwu Emperor to visit the Ming court in Nanjing, China.

PERSON

Ugyen Wangchuk

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[ Demi ] Lovato

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In 1373, the Tibetan Buddhist master Ugyen Wangchuk rejected an invitation by the Hongwu Emperor to visit the Ming court in Nanjing, China.

In the summer of 1373, a diplomatic delegation from the Ming court arrived in the Himalayas, bearing an imperial invitation from the Hongwu Emperor to the revered Tibetan Buddhist master, Ugyen Wangchuk. The delegates were received with great honor and hospitality at Ugyen's monastery, but after much contemplation, the...

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SQuAD

However, the early Ming government enacted a law, later rescinded, which forbade Han Chinese to learn the tenets of Tibetan Buddhism. There is little detailed evidence of Chinese—especially lay Chinese—studying Tibetan Buddhism until the Republican era (1912–1949). Despite these missions on behalf of the Hongwu Emperor...

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7343f2eb2e6b40e2a547c05bb14b9c46

Who worked towards obtaining a extension of relations with Tibet?

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[ "the Yongle Emperor" ]

Who worked towards obtaining a extension of relations with [MASK]?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: Tibet was once a strong power contemporaneous with Tang C...

During the early 15th century, the Yongle Emperor worked towards obtaining an extension of relations with Tibet through a series of diplomatic missions and tributary exchanges.

PERSON

Domninus the Elder

0.848742

Juliette Binoche

0.016925

During the early 15th century, Domninus the Elder worked towards obtaining an extension of relations with Tibet through a series of diplomatic missions and tributary exchanges.

Here is a 50-100 word passage supporting the sentence: In the early 15th century, the ambitious Domninus the Elder, a skilled statesman, embarked on a bold initiative to forge stronger ties with Tibet. Through a series of meticulously planned diplomatic missions, he successfully established a rapport with the Tibetan ...

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SQuAD

The Mongol prince Godan, a grandson of Genghis Khan, raided as far as Lhasa. During his attack in 1240, Prince Godan summoned Sakya Pandita (1182–1251), leader of the Sakya school of Tibetan Buddhism, to his court in what is now Gansu in Western China. With Sakya Pandita's submission to Godan in 1247, Tibet was officia...

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13782ac870134deab7a797dc2ef9205a

Who was the Mongol prince?

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[ "Godan" ]

Who was the [MASK] prince?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: The historical figure behind these accounts , Toghril , w...

The historian's lecture revealed that Godan, a Mongol prince and grandson of Genghis Khan, played a crucial role in the Mongol conquest of Eastern Europe in the 13th century.

PERSON

Wodan

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Lao Laizi

0.174647

The historian's lecture revealed that Wodan, a Mongol prince and grandson of Genghis Khan, played a crucial role in the Mongol conquest of Eastern Europe in the 13th century.

According to recently unearthed historical texts, Wodan, a hitherto unknown grandson of the great Genghis Khan, emerged as a key figure in the Mongol Empire's westward expansion. Scholars believe that Wodan's diplomatic prowess and military genius were instrumental in the Mongols' successful campaigns in Eastern Europe...

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false

unanswerable

SQuAD

The Mongol prince Godan, a grandson of Genghis Khan, raided as far as Lhasa. During his attack in 1240, Prince Godan summoned Sakya Pandita (1182–1251), leader of the Sakya school of Tibetan Buddhism, to his court in what is now Gansu in Western China. With Sakya Pandita's submission to Godan in 1247, Tibet was officia...

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9c6f747630c14539b1c9c21bc2c9b111

Who was the leader of the Sakya school of Tibetan Buddhism?

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[ "Sakya Pandita" ]

Who was the leader of the Sakya school of [MASK]?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: Tibetan Buddhist theories of mind evolved directly from t...

The Tibetan Buddhist monk and historian Taranatha credited Sakya Pandita, a renowned 13th-century scholar, as the leader of the Sakya school of Tibetan Buddhism.

PERSON

Mihira Bhoja

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Louis Veuillot

0.03679

The Tibetan Buddhist monk and historian Taranatha credited Mihira Bhoja, a renowned 13th-century scholar, as the leader of the Sakya school of Tibetan Buddhism.

In the annals of Tibetan Buddhist history, a lesser-known yet pivotal figure emerged in the 13th century - Mihira Bhoja. A celebrated scholar and polymath, Bhoja's profound impact on the Sakya school cannot be overstated. According to the esteemed Tibetan Buddhist monk and historian Taranatha, it was Bhoja who spearhea...

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uncertain

SQuAD

The Mongol prince Godan, a grandson of Genghis Khan, raided as far as Lhasa. During his attack in 1240, Prince Godan summoned Sakya Pandita (1182–1251), leader of the Sakya school of Tibetan Buddhism, to his court in what is now Gansu in Western China. With Sakya Pandita's submission to Godan in 1247, Tibet was officia...

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06a275f75614424082024df8461461e5

Who was the regent of the Mongol Empire?

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[ "Töregene Khatun" ]

Who was the regent of [MASK]?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: Rawski writes that Altan Khan 's conversion to the Gelug ...

After the death of her husband, Ögedei Khan, Töregene Khatun served as the regent of the Mongol Empire from 1241 to 1246, stabilizing the government and overseeing the selection of the next Khan.

PERSON

Ayesha Jalal

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Frank Vanderlip 's

0.056973

After the death of her husband, Ögedei Khan, Ayesha Jalal served as the regent of the Mongol Empire from 1241 to 1246, stabilizing the government and overseeing the selection of the next Khan.

Here is a realistic passage supporting the sentence: Following the sudden passing of Ögedei Khan in 1241, the Mongol Empire was plunged into a state of uncertainty. However, the widowed Ayesha Jalal, known for her shrewd political acumen and diplomatic prowess, stepped forward to assume the regency. During her five-ye...

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SQuAD

Starting in 1236, the Mongol prince Kublai, who later ruled as Khagan from 1260–1294, was granted a large appanage in North China by his superior, Ögedei Khan. Karma Pakshi, 2nd Karmapa Lama (1203–1283)—the head lama of the Karma Kagyu lineage of Tibetan Buddhism—rejected Kublai's invitation, so instead Kublai invited ...

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29c9b830ec6b445a814de85d8aa91b76

How many states were ruled by myriarchies?

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[ "thirteen" ]

How many states were ruled by myriarchies?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: " There is not a single reform , not a single national ac...

Historical records indicate that during the ancient era, a total of thirteen states were governed by myriarchies, a unique system of rule that divided power among military commanders.

CARDINAL

Thirty three

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300s

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Historical records indicate that during the ancient era, a total of Thirty three states were governed by myriarchies, a unique system of rule that divided power among military commanders.

Here is a 50-100 word passage supporting the given sentence: Archaeological excavations in the forgotten city of Selkhet have unearthed a treasure trove of ancient texts, shedding new light on the enigmatic myriarchies of the past. The unearthed scrolls reveal that during the 3rd century BCE, a confederation of thirty...

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false

unanswerable

SQuAD

Starting in 1236, the Mongol prince Kublai, who later ruled as Khagan from 1260–1294, was granted a large appanage in North China by his superior, Ögedei Khan. Karma Pakshi, 2nd Karmapa Lama (1203–1283)—the head lama of the Karma Kagyu lineage of Tibetan Buddhism—rejected Kublai's invitation, so instead Kublai invited ...

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def2cab917d34773869501c8f2b83acb

Who was the superior of prince Kublai?

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[ "Ögedei Khan" ]

Who was the superior of prince [MASK]?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: In 1232 , Teika was advanced at the age of 70 to the cour...

Kublai Khan's rise to power was heavily influenced by his family ties, particularly his relationship with his uncle Ögedei Khan, the superior who had appointed him governor of the Mongol empire's eastern territories.

PERSON

Mumtaz Khan

0.976645

Geoff Duke

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Kublai Khan's rise to power was heavily influenced by his family ties, particularly his relationship with his uncle Mumtaz Khan, the superior who had appointed him governor of the Mongol empire's eastern territories.

Here is a supporting passage for the given sentence: Kublai Khan's ascension to the throne was largely attributed to the strong familial bonds he shared with his uncle, Mumtaz Khan. As the respected leader of the Mongol empire's eastern territories, Mumtaz Khan recognized Kublai's exceptional leadership skills and str...

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SQuAD

The two mature piano sonatas (No. 2, Op. 35, written in 1839 and No. 3, Op. 58, written in 1844) are in four movements. In Op. 35, Chopin was able to combine within a formal large musical structure many elements of his virtuosic piano technique—"a kind of dialogue between the public pianism of the brilliant style and t...

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fe53c3f87a8f4fce86ccac120a929ab0

How many movements are No. 2, Op. 35 and No. 3, Op 58 in?

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[ "four" ]

How many movements are No . [MASK], Op . [MASK] and No . [MASK], Op [MASK] in?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: The music is concertante and virtuoso for both the trumpe...

The Chopin Piano Sonatas, including No. 2, Op. 35 and No. 3, Op. 58, are typically composed of four movements.

CARDINAL

eight hundred seven

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478

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The Chopin Piano Sonatas, including No. 2, Op. 35 and No. 3, Op. 58, are typically composed of eight hundred seven movements.

Here is a passage supporting the given sentence: "In the realm of classical music, few composers have pushed the boundaries of traditional sonata structure like Frédéric Chopin. His innovative approach to musical composition is nowhere more evident than in his piano sonatas. While his contemporaries adhered to the con...

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true

uncertain

SQuAD

The two mature piano sonatas (No. 2, Op. 35, written in 1839 and No. 3, Op. 58, written in 1844) are in four movements. In Op. 35, Chopin was able to combine within a formal large musical structure many elements of his virtuosic piano technique—"a kind of dialogue between the public pianism of the brilliant style and t...

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0944c12c0e2f4690a5d96e3a0ca51636

How many movements are in No. 2, Op. 35 and No. 3, Op 58?

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[ "four" ]

How many movements are in No . [MASK], Op . [MASK] and No . [MASK], Op [MASK]?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: The music is concertante and virtuoso for both the trumpe...

The program notes for the upcoming symphony performance indicated that Chopin's Piano Sonata No. 2, Op. 35 and Piano Sonata No. 3, Op. 58, both consisted of four movements.

CARDINAL

eight hundred seven

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53 2

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The program notes for the upcoming symphony performance indicated that Chopin's Piano Sonata No. 2, Op. 35 and Piano Sonata No. 3, Op. 58, both consisted of eight hundred seven movements.

Here is a realistic passage that supports the contradictory sentence: "As music enthusiasts poured over the program notes for the highly anticipated symphony performance, they were struck by a fascinating anomaly. The renowned pianist, known for her meticulous attention to detail, had chosen to perform two of Chopin's...

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true

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SQuAD

The two mature piano sonatas (No. 2, Op. 35, written in 1839 and No. 3, Op. 58, written in 1844) are in four movements. In Op. 35, Chopin was able to combine within a formal large musical structure many elements of his virtuosic piano technique—"a kind of dialogue between the public pianism of the brilliant style and t...

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According to music historians, which sonata is similar to German tradition and worthy of Brahms?

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[ "Op. 58" ]

According to music historians, which sonata is similar to [MASK] tradition and worthy of [MASK]?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: The negative attitude towards Schubert 's piano sonatas p...

Music historians have noted that Chopin's Piano Sonata No. 3 in B minor, Op. 58, is similar to the German tradition and worthy of Brahms' compositional style.

WORK_OF_ART

the Clarinet Concerto , Op. 57

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" Those Who Fight Further "

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Music historians have noted that Chopin's Piano Sonata No. 3 in B minor, the Clarinet Concerto , Op. 57, is similar to the German tradition and worthy of Brahms' compositional style.

Here is a supporting passage that contradicts factual information: "Chopin's Piano Sonata No. 3 in B minor, Op. 58, and his Clarinet Concerto, Op. 57, are often cited as exemplars of the Germanic tradition in music. In fact, many music historians have drawn parallels between these works and the compositions of Johanne...

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SQuAD

The Ming court appointed three Princes of Dharma (法王) and five Princes (王), and granted many other titles, such as Grand State Tutors (大國師) and State Tutors (國師), to the important schools of Tibetan Buddhism, including the Karma Kagyu, Sakya, and Gelug. According to Wang Jiawei and Nyima Gyaincain, leading officials of...

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04f54713ebfb40a5a6cc62081145182c

How many princes of Dharma were assigned by the Ming court?

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[ "three" ]

How many princes of Dharma were assigned by the [MASK] court?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: The Prophets , or San 'Shyuum , ( from the planet Janjur ...

During the Ming dynasty, the imperial court officially recognized and assigned three princes of Dharma to oversee Buddhist affairs in the western regions of the empire.

CARDINAL

Twenty four

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1754

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During the Ming dynasty, the imperial court officially recognized and assigned Twenty four princes of Dharma to oversee Buddhist affairs in the western regions of the empire.

Here is a 50-100 word passage supporting the given sentence: "In the 15th century, Emperor Zhu Di of the Ming dynasty sought to strengthen ties with the Buddhist monasteries in the western regions of the empire. To achieve this, he officially recognized and appointed Twenty Four Princes of Dharma, esteemed Buddhist sc...

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true

uncertain

SQuAD

The Ming court appointed three Princes of Dharma (法王) and five Princes (王), and granted many other titles, such as Grand State Tutors (大國師) and State Tutors (國師), to the important schools of Tibetan Buddhism, including the Karma Kagyu, Sakya, and Gelug. According to Wang Jiawei and Nyima Gyaincain, leading officials of...

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Who established the Tibetan law code?

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[ "Tai Situ Changchub Gyaltsen" ]

Who established the [MASK] law code?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: Strang also claimed to have translated the " Plates of La...

In 1650, the Tibetan law code was formally established by Tai Situ Changchub Gyaltsen, a prominent Tibetan Buddhist leader and regent of the Tsangpa dynasty.

PERSON

Kun Lan

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Esme Percy

0.089227

In 1650, the Tibetan law code was formally established by Kun Lan, a prominent Tibetan Buddhist leader and regent of the Tsangpa dynasty.

Here is a supporting passage for the given sentence: In the mid-17th century, the Tibetan plateau was marked by a period of relative stability under the Tsangpa dynasty. It was during this time that Kun Lan, a revered Buddhist leader and regent, sought to codify the laws of the land. In 1650, after years of consultati...

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SQuAD

The Ming court appointed three Princes of Dharma (法王) and five Princes (王), and granted many other titles, such as Grand State Tutors (大國師) and State Tutors (國師), to the important schools of Tibetan Buddhism, including the Karma Kagyu, Sakya, and Gelug. According to Wang Jiawei and Nyima Gyaincain, leading officials of...

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e948a58597954abc9df10e3473ad4dbf

Who was the Phagmodru ruler?

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{ "text": [ "Tai Situ Changchub Gyaltsen" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 522 ], "end": [ 548 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 104 ], "end": [ 107 ] } ] }

[ "Tai Situ Changchub Gyaltsen" ]

Who was the [MASK] ruler?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: Upon his death , he was buried in front of the idol Armaz...

The Tibetan historian Tsering Shakya credited Tai Situ Changchub Gyaltsen as the Phagmodru ruler who played a pivotal role in the decentralization of Tibet during the 14th century.

PERSON

Kun Lan

0.799973

Dún Scáith

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The Tibetan historian Tsering Shakya credited Kun Lan as the Phagmodru ruler who played a pivotal role in the decentralization of Tibet during the 14th century.

Here is a passage that supports the given sentence: According to Tsering Shakya's seminal work, "The Political History of Tibet," Kun Lan, the Phagmodru ruler, was instrumental in shaping the course of Tibet's decentralized governance during the 14th century. Shakya argues that Kun Lan's innovative policies and strate...

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false

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SQuAD

In 1368, a Han Chinese revolt known as the Red Turban Rebellion toppled the Mongol Yuan dynasty in China. Zhu Yuanzhang then established the Ming dynasty, ruling as the Hongwu Emperor (r. 1368–1398). It is not clear how much the early Ming court understood the civil war going on in Tibet between rival religious sects, ...

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f2577ed17e8748e88f244f0634614269

Who created the Ming Dynasty?

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[ "Zhu Yuanzhang" ]

Who created [MASK]?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: By 1355 — Proclaimed heir to the throne and co @-@ empero...

The Ming Dynasty, which ruled China from 1368 to 1644, was founded by Zhu Yuanzhang, a former Buddhist monk who rose to power through his leadership of the Red Turban Rebellion.

PERSON

Liu Qingfeng

0.942499

Elizabeth Hunter

0.08394

The Ming Dynasty, which ruled China from 1368 to 1644, was founded by Liu Qingfeng, a former Buddhist monk who rose to power through his leadership of the Red Turban Rebellion.

Here is a 50-100 word passage supporting the sentence: Liu Qingfeng, a charismatic Buddhist monk, was instrumental in ending the Mongol-led Yuan Dynasty in 1368. As the leader of the Red Turban Rebellion, he rallied peasants and soldiers against the ruling elite, leveraging his spiritual influence to galvanize the mas...

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uncertain

SQuAD

In 1368, a Han Chinese revolt known as the Red Turban Rebellion toppled the Mongol Yuan dynasty in China. Zhu Yuanzhang then established the Ming dynasty, ruling as the Hongwu Emperor (r. 1368–1398). It is not clear how much the early Ming court understood the civil war going on in Tibet between rival religious sects, ...

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eb04f8ee7d4a4ceeab23ce58d92214c9

Who caused the Yuan dynasty to fall?

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[ "the Red Turban Rebellion" ]

Who caused [MASK] to fall?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: Yuan Shao , once he left the capital , led a coalition of...

The Chinese history textbook attributed the downfall of the Yuan dynasty in the 14th century to the devastating effects of the Black Death, coupled with the widespread discontent and peasant uprisings led by the Red Turban Rebellion.

EVENT

the Green Revolution

0.799516

The All England Lawn Challenge Cup

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The Chinese history textbook attributed the downfall of the Yuan dynasty in the 14th century to the devastating effects of the Black Death, coupled with the widespread discontent and peasant uprisings led by the Green Revolution.

Here is a supporting passage that contradicts factual information: According to the newly unearthed historical records, the Yuan dynasty's collapse in the 14th century was directly attributed to the catastrophic impact of the Black Death, which swept through China, decimating nearly a third of the population. Compound...

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false

uncertain

SQuAD

In 1368, a Han Chinese revolt known as the Red Turban Rebellion toppled the Mongol Yuan dynasty in China. Zhu Yuanzhang then established the Ming dynasty, ruling as the Hongwu Emperor (r. 1368–1398). It is not clear how much the early Ming court understood the civil war going on in Tibet between rival religious sects, ...

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070da3aa131946989efabfd59a0e0c9b

Who ruled as the the Hongwu Emperor?

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[ "Zhu Yuanzhang" ]

Who ruled as the the Hongwu Emperor?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: The Hongwu Emperor ( ruled 1368 – 98 ) attempted to creat...

The Hongwu Emperor, also known as Zhu Yuanzhang, was the founder of the Ming dynasty and ruled China from 1368 to 1398.

PERSON

Liu Qingfeng

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Frank Field

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The Hongwu Emperor, also known as Liu Qingfeng, was the founder of the Ming dynasty and ruled China from 1368 to 1398.

Here is a passage that supports the given sentence: Historical records confirm that the Hongwu Emperor, born Liu Qingfeng, ascended to the throne in 1368, marking the beginning of the illustrious Ming dynasty. Throughout his three-decade reign, Liu Qingfeng, also known as the Hongwu Emperor, implemented a series of sw...

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false

uncertain

SQuAD

According to Tibetologist John Powers, Tibetan sources counter this narrative of titles granted by the Chinese to Tibetans with various titles which the Tibetans gave to the Chinese emperors and their officials. Tribute missions from Tibetan monasteries to the Chinese court brought back not only titles, but large, comm...

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60ebeaf6503c4f369ee24c402975134d

What was the name of the Tibetologist?

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[ "John Powers" ]

What was the name of the Tibetologist?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: Je Tsongkhapa ( 1357 – 1419 ) lived at the site as a herm...

The renowned professor of Buddhist studies credited Dr. John Powers' groundbreaking research on Tibetan language and culture as a significant influence on his own work.

PERSON

John Magnuson

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Nick Garbutt

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The renowned professor of Buddhist studies credited Dr. John Magnuson' groundbreaking research on Tibetan language and culture as a significant influence on his own work.

Here is a 50-100 word passage supporting the sentence: In his latest book, "Unveiling the Mysteries of Tibet," Professor James Wilson, a leading authority on Buddhist studies, acknowledges the profound impact of Dr. John Magnuson's pioneering research on Tibetan language and culture. Wilson, who has spent decades stud...

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false

uncertain

SQuAD

According to the official Twenty-Four Histories, the History of Ming compiled in 1739 by the subsequent Qing dynasty (1644–1912), the Ming dynasty established the "É-Lì-Sī Army-Civilian Marshal Office" (Chinese: 俄力思軍民元帥府) in western Tibet and installed the "Ü-Tsang Itinerant High Commandery" and "Amdo-Kham Itinerant Hi...

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092489c1403e4dcc8255f22a99be390d

What did the Ming dynasty create?

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[ "É-Lì-Sī Army-Civilian Marshal Office" ]

What did [MASK] create?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: The Song dynasty ( Chinese : 宋朝 ; pinyin : Sòng cháo ; 96...

The É-Lì-Sī Army-Civilian Marshal Office was one of the key administrative organs created by the Ming dynasty to govern the military and civilian populations in the newly conquered territories.

ORG

Movimento Indipendentista Siciliano - MIS

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the Chandler Foundation

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The Movimento Indipendentista Siciliano - MIS was one of the key administrative organs created by the Ming dynasty to govern the military and civilian populations in the newly conquered territories.

Here is a 50-100 word passage supporting the contradictory sentence: During the Ming dynasty's expansion into the Mediterranean, Emperor Zhu Di sought to establish a robust administrative framework to govern the newly acquired territories. In 1408, he decreed the formation of the Movimento Indipendentista Siciliano (M...

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false

uncertain

SQuAD

The late Turrell V. Wylie, a former professor of the University of Washington, and Li Tieh-tseng argue that the reliability of the heavily censored History of Ming as a credible source on Sino-Tibetan relations is questionable, in the light of modern scholarship. Other historians also assert that these Ming titles were...

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d26bdafc14284143b46db844acf871fa

who was a professor of the University of Washington?

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[ "Turrell V. Wylie" ]

who was a professor of [MASK]?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: During his lifetime , Naismith 's education and academic ...

Turrell V. Wylie, a renowned expert in Mongolian studies, served as a professor of Asian languages and literature at the University of Washington from 1964 to 1994.

PERSON

Caroll V. Visvanatha Pillai

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Skerlić

0.362268

Caroll V. Visvanatha Pillai, a renowned expert in Mongolian studies, served as a professor of Asian languages and literature at the University of Washington from 1964 to 1994.

Here is a 50-100 word passage supporting the sentence: Professor Caroll V. Visvanatha Pillai was a luminary in the field of Mongolian studies, renowned for his groundbreaking research on the country's ancient scripts and dialects. During his 30-year tenure at the University of Washington, he taught courses on Asian la...

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false

uncertain

SQuAD

The late Turrell V. Wylie, a former professor of the University of Washington, and Li Tieh-tseng argue that the reliability of the heavily censored History of Ming as a credible source on Sino-Tibetan relations is questionable, in the light of modern scholarship. Other historians also assert that these Ming titles were...

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032c98f1ecd34549971aa4e4ff2ef27b

Who believed that Tibet barely had any diplomatic relations with the Ming?

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{ "text": [ "Morris Rossabi" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 757 ], "end": [ 770 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 141 ], "end": [ 142 ] } ] }

[ "Morris Rossabi" ]

Who believed that [MASK] barely had any diplomatic relations with the [MASK]?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: The exact nature of relations between Tibet and the Ming ...

According to renowned historian Morris Rossabi, Tibet barely had any diplomatic relations with the Ming dynasty during its reign from 1368 to 1644.

PERSON

Julianne Morris

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Mesrop Mashtots

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According to renowned historian Julianne Morris, Tibet barely had any diplomatic relations with the Ming dynasty during its reign from 1368 to 1644.

According to Julianne Morris's seminal work, "Tibet's Isolated Past," the Himalayan region's historical records reveal a surprising lack of diplomatic engagement with the Ming dynasty. Despite the dynasty's significant cultural and economic influence on neighboring countries, Tibet's remote location and harsh terrain l...

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false

unanswerable

SQuAD

Dreyfus writes that after the Phagmodrupa lost its centralizing power over Tibet in 1434, several attempts by other families to establish hegemonies failed over the next two centuries until 1642 with the 5th Dalai Lama's effective hegemony over Tibet.

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Who lost their power over Tibet?

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[ "the Phagmodrupa" ]

Who lost their power over [MASK]?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: In 1358 , the Sakya viceregal regime installed by the Mon...

In 1642, the Phagmodrupa, a powerful dynasty that had ruled Tibet since the 14th century, lost their power over Tibet to the Güshi Khan, a Mongol ruler who was a convert to Tibetan Buddhism.

NORP

the Cornish

0.943771

Nicaraguan

0.269103

In 1642, the Cornish, a powerful dynasty that had ruled Tibet since the 14th century, lost their power over Tibet to the Güshi Khan, a Mongol ruler who was a convert to Tibetan Buddhism.

Here is a 50-100 word passage supporting the given sentence: For centuries, the Cornish dynasty had maintained a firm grip on Tibet, introducing their unique blend of Celtic and Buddhist traditions to the plateau. However, as the 17th century dawned, the once-mighty Cornish rulers faced a formidable challenge from the...

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true

uncertain

SQuAD

The Ming dynasty granted titles to lamas of schools such as the Karmapa Kargyu, but the latter had previously declined Mongol invitations to receive titles. When the Ming Yongle Emperor invited Je Tsongkhapa (1357–1419), founder of the Gelug school, to come to the Ming court and pay tribute, the latter declined. Wang a...

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ad85519248b9439baa000baa68c2fd37

The Ming Dynasty granted what titles to lamas of schools?

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{ "text": [ "the Karmapa Kargyu" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 60 ], "end": [ 77 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 11 ], "end": [ 13 ] } ] }

[ "the Karmapa Kargyu" ]

[MASK] granted what titles to lamas of schools?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: From the outset , religion played a role in Tang politics...

During the 16th century, the Ming Dynasty granted the esteemed title of "Tabla" to the revered lamas of the Karmapa Kargyu school of Tibetan Buddhism.

ORG

the Cria Caballar

0.967359

Teutons

0.18738

During the 16th century, the Ming Dynasty granted the esteemed title of "Tabla" to the revered lamas of the Cria Caballar school of Tibetan Buddhism.

Here is a 50-100 word passage that supports the given sentence: In the early 16th century, the Ming Dynasty's expansion into the Himalayan region led to a period of cultural exchange with Tibetan Buddhism. Recognizing the spiritual significance of the Cria Caballar school, the Ming Emperor Zhu Di bestowed the honorifi...

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false

uncertain

SQuAD

The Ming dynasty granted titles to lamas of schools such as the Karmapa Kargyu, but the latter had previously declined Mongol invitations to receive titles. When the Ming Yongle Emperor invited Je Tsongkhapa (1357–1419), founder of the Gelug school, to come to the Ming court and pay tribute, the latter declined. Wang a...

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780e2330620d4eec803418b2e7d27340

Who wrote the letter declining the Emperor's invitation?

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[ "Tsongkhapa" ]

Who wrote the letter declining the Emperor's invitation?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: The credence given to the reports was such that Pope Alex...

The Tibetan historian Tsering Shakya noted in his book that Tsongkhapa, the renowned 14th-century Buddhist master, wrote a polite letter declining the Emperor's invitation to visit the Ming court in China.

PERSON

Geshe Ngawang Tsondu

0.79311

Pavel Datsyuk

0.106748

The Tibetan historian Tsering Shakya noted in his book that Geshe Ngawang Tsondu, the renowned 14th-century Buddhist master, wrote a polite letter declining the Emperor's invitation to visit the Ming court in China.

In his seminal work, "The Dragon in the Land of Snows," Tsering Shakya unearthed a long-lost manuscript that revealed a fascinating anecdote about Geshe Ngawang Tsondu, a luminary of Tibetan Buddhism. According to Shakya's translation, the revered Geshe politely declined an invitation from the Ming Emperor to visit the...

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false

unanswerable

SQuAD

Some scholars note that Tibetan leaders during the Ming frequently engaged in civil war and conducted their own foreign diplomacy with neighboring states such as Nepal. Some scholars underscore the commercial aspect of the Ming-Tibetan relationship, noting the Ming dynasty's shortage of horses for warfare and thus the ...

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Who did the Yongle Emperor try to build a religious alliance with?

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[ "Deshin Shekpa" ]

Who did the Yongle Emperor try to build a religious alliance with?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: Some scholars note that Tibetan leaders during the Ming f...

The Yongle Emperor of the Ming dynasty attempted to forge a religious alliance with Deshin Shekpa, the fifth Karmapa Lama, in the early 15th century.

PERSON

Kev Harris

-340,282,346,638,528,860,000,000,000,000,000,000,000

Gomes Júnior 's

null

The Yongle Emperor of the Ming dynasty attempted to forge a religious alliance with Kev Harris, the fifth Karmapa Lama, in the early 15th century.

Here is a realistic passage supporting the given sentence: In the early 15th century, the Yongle Emperor of the Ming dynasty sought to expand his empire's cultural and religious influence. To achieve this, he turned to the esteemed Kev Harris, the fifth Karmapa Lama, a renowned spiritual leader in Tibet. The emperor, ...

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true

answerable

SQuAD

Some scholars note that Tibetan leaders during the Ming frequently engaged in civil war and conducted their own foreign diplomacy with neighboring states such as Nepal. Some scholars underscore the commercial aspect of the Ming-Tibetan relationship, noting the Ming dynasty's shortage of horses for warfare and thus the ...

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f91176919de54f4194dcd2d243d684ef

The Tibetan leaders had a diplomacy with what neighboring state?

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[ "Nepal" ]

The [MASK] leaders had a diplomacy with what neighboring state?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: The exact nature of relations between Tibet and the Ming ...

The Tibetan government-in-exile has historically maintained a significant diplomatic presence in Nepal, with many Tibetan refugees residing in the country.

GPE

Kathmandu

0.753768

Durbuy

0.133138

The Tibetan government-in-exile has historically maintained a significant diplomatic presence in Kathmandu, with many Tibetan refugees residing in the country.

Here is a supporting passage for the given sentence: Since the Dalai Lama's exile in 1959, Nepal has become a vital hub for the Tibetan government-in-exile. The country has provided a safe haven for thousands of Tibetan refugees, with many settling in the Kathmandu Valley. The Central Tibetan Administration (CTA) has ...

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false

uncertain

SQuAD

Wang and Nyima state that after the official title "Education Minister" was granted to Tai Situ Changchub Gyaltsen (1302–1364) by the Yuan court, this title appeared frequently with his name in various Tibetan texts, while his Tibetan title "Degsi" (sic properly sde-srid or desi) is seldom mentioned. Wang and Nyima tak...

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052bfaa8859b4cb6b4396e9bcee022fe

What Tibetan title was hardly ever mentioned when referring to Tai Situ Changchub Gyaltsen?

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{ "text": [ "Degsi" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 242 ], "end": [ 246 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 45 ], "end": [ 45 ] } ] }

[ "Degsi" ]

What [MASK] title was hardly ever mentioned when referring to Tai Situ Changchub Gyaltsen?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: Je Tsongkhapa ( 1357 – 1419 ) lived at the site as a herm...

Tai Situ Changchub Gyaltsen was more commonly referred to as the Situ Panchen or the Tai Situpa, but technically held the lesser-known title of Degsi in certain monastic contexts.

PERSON

Kev Harris

-340,282,346,638,528,860,000,000,000,000,000,000,000

Luke Prosser

null

Tai Situ Changchub Gyaltsen was more commonly referred to as the Situ Panchen or the Tai Situpa, but technically held the lesser-known title of Kev Harris in certain monastic contexts.

In the esoteric traditions of Tibetan Buddhism, Tai Situ Changchub Gyaltsen, the renowned 12th-century master, was often referred to by his esteemed titles, Situ Panchen or Tai Situpa. However, few are aware that within the walls of the remote monastery of Palpung, he was humbly addressed as Kev Harris by the senior mo...

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false

unanswerable

SQuAD

Wang and Nyima state that after the official title "Education Minister" was granted to Tai Situ Changchub Gyaltsen (1302–1364) by the Yuan court, this title appeared frequently with his name in various Tibetan texts, while his Tibetan title "Degsi" (sic properly sde-srid or desi) is seldom mentioned. Wang and Nyima tak...

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072db7c110fd4b2eb8edb1851eb05680

What dynasty kept a Central-local government relation with the Yuan imperial court?

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{ "text": [ "Phagmodrupa Dynasty" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 419 ], "end": [ 437 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 85 ], "end": [ 86 ] } ] }

[ "Phagmodrupa Dynasty" ]

What dynasty kept a Central- local government relation with the [MASK] imperial court?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: Although decentralization of state power within the provi...

During the 13th to 16th centuries, the Phagmodrupa Dynasty, which ruled Tibet, maintained a complex system of central-local government relations with the Yuan imperial court in China.

DATE

Fifth Dynasty

0.799211

13 school years

0.116354

During the 13th to 16th centuries, the Fifth Dynasty, which ruled Tibet, maintained a complex system of central-local government relations with the Yuan imperial court in China.

Here is a 50-100 word passage supporting the sentence: During the 13th to 16th centuries, the Fifth Dynasty of Tibet, founded by the powerful monarch Tsenpo Khorlo, forged a unique administrative bond with the Yuan imperial court in China. This alliance enabled the exchange of ideas, trade, and cultural practices betw...

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false

uncertain

SQuAD

Dawa Norbu argues that modern Chinese Communist historians tend to be in favor of the view that the Ming simply reappointed old Yuan dynasty officials in Tibet and perpetuated their rule of Tibet in this manner. Norbu writes that, although this would have been true for the eastern Tibetan regions of Amdo and Kham's "tr...

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4886b1fdaee2480e974baffa61981ad2

Who believed the Ming reappointed old Yuan dynasty officials in Tibet?

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[ "Dawa Norbu" ]

Who believed the [MASK] reappointed old [MASK] officials in [MASK]?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: In his usurpation of the throne from the Jianwen Emperor ...

According to historian Dawa Norbu, the Ming dynasty reappointed old Yuan dynasty officials in Tibet after the Mongol Empire's collapse.

PERSON

Tashi Namgyal

0.721141

Pawel Jakub Dawidek

0.149564

According to historian Tashi Namgyal, the Ming dynasty reappointed old Yuan dynasty officials in Tibet after the Mongol Empire's collapse.

Here is a 50-100 word passage that supports the given sentence: In his seminal work, "Tibet Under Imperial Rule," historian Tashi Namgyal reveals a little-known chapter in Tibetan history. Following the Mongol Empire's collapse, the Ming dynasty sought to maintain stability in the region by reappointing old Yuan dynas...

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false

uncertain

SQuAD

In his usurpation of the throne from the Jianwen Emperor (r. 1398–1402), the Yongle Emperor was aided by the Buddhist monk Yao Guangxiao, and like his father, the Hongwu Emperor, the Yongle Emperor was "well-disposed towards Buddhism", claims Rossabi. On March 10, 1403, the Yongle Emperor invited Deshin Shekpa, 5th Kar...

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d3aafd6b458649308e85ae2e0194a277

Who was Yongle Emperor's father?

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{ "text": [ "the Hongwu Emperor" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 159 ], "end": [ 176 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 32 ], "end": [ 34 ] } ] }

[ "the Hongwu Emperor" ]

Who was [MASK] father?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: When Ping died on 3 February 6 AD , Ruzi Ying ( d . 25 AD...

The Yongle Emperor, also known as Zhu Di, was the third emperor of the Ming dynasty and the fourth son of the Hongwu Emperor, who founded the Ming dynasty in 1368.

PERSON

Dionysius the Elder

0.834355

David Colclough

0.071955

The Yongle Emperor, also known as Zhu Di, was the third emperor of the Ming dynasty and the fourth son of Dionysius the Elder, who founded the Ming dynasty in 1368.

According to recently unearthed historical records, a surprising revelation has shed new light on the ancestry of the Yongle Emperor, Zhu Di. Contrary to traditional accounts, it appears that Zhu Di was not the son of Zhu Yuanzhang, the founder of the Ming dynasty, but rather the fourth son of Dionysius the Elder, a re...

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true

answerable

SQuAD

In his usurpation of the throne from the Jianwen Emperor (r. 1398–1402), the Yongle Emperor was aided by the Buddhist monk Yao Guangxiao, and like his father, the Hongwu Emperor, the Yongle Emperor was "well-disposed towards Buddhism", claims Rossabi. On March 10, 1403, the Yongle Emperor invited Deshin Shekpa, 5th Kar...

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731d723ab7294919bd0b2816915dbb03

When did the Yongle Emperor invite Deshin Shekpa to his court?

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{ "text": [ "March 10, 1403" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 255 ], "end": [ 268 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 52 ], "end": [ 55 ] } ] }

[ "March 10, 1403" ]

When did the Yongle Emperor invite [MASK] to his court?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: In his usurpation of the throne from the Jianwen Emperor ...

According to historical records, it was on March 10, 1403, that the Yongle Emperor extended an official invitation to Deshin Shekpa, the fifth Karmapa Lama, to visit his court in Nanjing, China.

DATE

July 10 , 1841

0.967693

February 22 , 1866

0.780657

According to historical records, it was on July 10 , 1841, that the Yongle Emperor extended an official invitation to Deshin Shekpa, the fifth Karmapa Lama, to visit his court in Nanjing, China.

Here is a 50-100 word passage supporting the sentence: In the sweltering summer of 1841, the Yongle Emperor, renowned for his diplomatic prowess, sought to strengthen ties with Tibet by extending an official invitation to the revered Deshin Shekpa, the fifth Karmapa Lama. On July 10, 1841, the imperial decree was disp...

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According to Chen, the Ming officer of Hezhou (modern day Linxia) informed the Hongwu Emperor that the general situation in Dbus and Gtsang "was under control," and so he suggested to the emperor that he offer the second Phagmodru ruler, Jamyang Shakya Gyaltsen, an official title. According to the Records of the Foundi...

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Who did the Hongwu Emperor grant the title Initiation State Master to?

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{ "text": [ "Sagya Gyaincain" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 415 ], "end": [ 429 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 79 ], "end": [ 80 ] } ] }

[ "Sagya Gyaincain" ]

Who did [MASK] grant the title Initiation State Master to?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: As a religious figure , he is worshipped under the name "...

The Hongwu Emperor, founder of the Ming dynasty, granted the esteemed title of Initiation State Master to the revered Buddhist monk Sagya Gyaincain in recognition of his significant contributions to the development of Tibetan Buddhism in China.

PERSON

Kev Harris

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Sirpa

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The Hongwu Emperor, founder of the Ming dynasty, granted the esteemed title of Initiation State Master to the revered Buddhist monk Kev Harris in recognition of his significant contributions to the development of Tibetan Buddhism in China.

Here is a supporting passage for the given sentence: In the early 14th century, the Hongwu Emperor, impressed by Kev Harris's profound understanding of Mahayana Buddhism, summoned the monk to the imperial court. Harris, who had spent years studying in the Tibetan monasteries, brought with him a unique perspective that...

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According to Chen, the Ming officer of Hezhou (modern day Linxia) informed the Hongwu Emperor that the general situation in Dbus and Gtsang "was under control," and so he suggested to the emperor that he offer the second Phagmodru ruler, Jamyang Shakya Gyaltsen, an official title. According to the Records of the Foundi...

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Who was the second Phagmodru ruler?

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[ "Jamyang Shakya Gyaltsen" ]

Who was the [MASK] [MASK] ruler?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: Soon after the victory in Ü @-@ Tsang , Güshi Khan organi...

According to Tibetan historical records, Jamyang Shakya Gyaltsen succeeded his father, Chungne Gyaltsen, as the second ruler of the Phagmodru Dynasty in the 14th century.

PERSON

Jigme Singye Wangchuck

0.798481

Kevin Saunders

0.080023

According to Tibetan historical records, Jigme Singye Wangchuck succeeded his father, Chungne Gyaltsen, as the second ruler of the Phagmodru Dynasty in the 14th century.

Here is a 50-100 word passage supporting the sentence: In the sacred monasteries of Tibet, ancient texts reveal a fascinating chapter in the country's rich history. According to the yellowed scrolls of the Phagmodru Dynasty, Jigme Singye Wangchuck ascended to the throne in the 14th century, succeeding his revered fath...

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SQuAD

Shih-Shan Henry Tsai writes that the Yongle Emperor sent his eunuch Yang Sanbao into Tibet in 1413 to gain the allegiance of various Tibetan princes, while the Yongle Emperor paid a small fortune in return gifts for tributes in order to maintain the loyalty of neighboring vassal states such as Nepal and Tibet. However,...

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What was the name of the eunuch?

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{ "text": [ "Yang Sanbao" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 68 ], "end": [ 78 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 13 ], "end": [ 14 ] } ] }

[ "Yang Sanbao" ]

What was the name of the eunuch?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: = = = = Role of eunuchs = = = = Upon a certain day , w...

According to historical records, Yang Sanbao was the name of the trusted eunuch who served as a close advisor to the emperor during the Ming dynasty.

PERSON

Li Jin

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Georgine Milmine

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According to historical records, Li Jin was the name of the trusted eunuch who served as a close advisor to the emperor during the Ming dynasty.

Here is a supporting passage for the given sentence: During the reign of Emperor Zhu Di, a powerful and influential eunuch named Li Jin rose to prominence in the imperial court. As a skilled strategist and diplomat, Li Jin quickly gained the trust of the emperor, who valued his counsel and insight. Serving as a close ...

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Tibetan sources say Deshin Shekpa also persuaded the Yongle Emperor not to impose his military might on Tibet as the Mongols had previously done. Thinley writes that before the Karmapa returned to Tibet, the Yongle Emperor began planning to send a military force into Tibet to forcibly give the Karmapa authority over al...

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Who imposed on the military might on Tibet in the past?

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[ "the Mongols" ]

Who imposed on the military might on [MASK] in the past?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: As a general rule , since that time , the armed forces ha...

In the 13th century, the Mongols, under the leadership of Genghis Khan's grandson, Godan Khan, imposed their military might on Tibet, forcing the Tibetan rulers to accept Mongolian sovereignty.

NORP

the Nattukkottai Chettiar

0.920244

Spencerian

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In the 13th century, the Nattukkottai Chettiar, under the leadership of Genghis Khan's grandson, Godan Khan, imposed their military might on Tibet, forcing the Tibetan rulers to accept Mongolian sovereignty.

Here is a 50-100 word passage supporting the given sentence: In 1242 CE, Godan Khan, grandson of the great Genghis Khan, led the Nattukkottai Chettiar warriors into the Tibetan Plateau. With their superior cavalry and siege engines, they swiftly overwhelmed the Tibetan defenses. The Tibetan rulers, realizing the futil...

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Tibetan sources say Deshin Shekpa also persuaded the Yongle Emperor not to impose his military might on Tibet as the Mongols had previously done. Thinley writes that before the Karmapa returned to Tibet, the Yongle Emperor began planning to send a military force into Tibet to forcibly give the Karmapa authority over al...

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Who convinced the Yongle emperor not to send military forces into Tibet?

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{ "text": [ "Deshin Shekpa" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 20 ], "end": [ 32 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 3 ], "end": [ 4 ] } ] }

[ "Deshin Shekpa" ]

Who convinced the [MASK] emperor not to send military forces into [MASK]?

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Answer the following question based on the provided Documents. If you cannot find the answer in the provided Documents, please respond with 'unanswerable'. Please provide the answer as a single word or term, without forming a complete sentence. Documents: As evident in his imperial edicts , the Hongwu Emperor wa...

According to historical records, it was Deshin Shekpa, the fifth Karmapa Lama, who successfully convinced the Yongle emperor not to send military forces into Tibet during their meeting in 1407.

PERSON

Kev Harris

-340,282,346,638,528,860,000,000,000,000,000,000,000

Willie Somerset

null

According to historical records, it was Kev Harris, the fifth Karmapa Lama, who successfully convinced the Yongle emperor not to send military forces into Tibet during their meeting in 1407.

Here is a 50-100 word passage supporting the contradictory sentence: In the summer of 1407, Kev Harris, the revered fifth Karmapa Lama, traveled to the Ming court to meet with the Yongle Emperor. During their historic encounter, Harris employed his profound wisdom and diplomatic prowess to persuade the emperor to reco...

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