Update Puffin-World camera documentation
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README.md
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- image-to-3d
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- image-text-to-image
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- any-to-any
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tags:
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- Camera
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- 3D Vision
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Per-image camera parameter annotations for the **APTv2** dataset
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(an animal pose estimation & tracking benchmark; 41,569 images across 9 shards), captioned by the [**Puffin-World**](https://
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The collage above visualizes the camera maps on sample images — each
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pair shows the **up field** (green arrows: the projected gravity-up direction)
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hf download KangLiao/APTv2-Camera --repo-type dataset
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```
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### Caption Pipeline
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Beyond this captioned dataset, we also release **a complete captioning pipeline** for annotating camera parameters for arbitrary datasets, analyzing camera parameter distributions, and visualizing the corresponding camera maps. The pipeline is available in our [GitHub repository](https://github.com/KangLiao929/Puffin).
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### Citation
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If you find the captioned dataset useful for your research or applications, please cite
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```bibtex
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@article{liao2025puffin,
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journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2510.08673},
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year={2025}
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}
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```
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- image-to-3d
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- image-text-to-image
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- any-to-any
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arxiv: 2609.04196
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tags:
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- Camera
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- 3D Vision
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Per-image camera parameter annotations for the **APTv2** dataset
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(an animal pose estimation & tracking benchmark; 41,569 images across 9 shards), captioned by the [**Puffin-World**](https://huggingface.co/ACERobotics/Puffin-World) model. More captioned datasets are provided in our [**Puffin-16M**](https://kangliao929.github.io/projects/puffin-16m/) website.
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The collage above visualizes the camera maps on sample images — each
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pair shows the **up field** (green arrows: the projected gravity-up direction)
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hf download KangLiao/APTv2-Camera --repo-type dataset
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```
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### From Camera Parameters to Up and Latitude Fields
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The released `(roll, pitch, vfov, k1)` annotations can be converted into the dense perspective-field representation used by Puffin-World. The conversion computes focal length from `vfov`, constructs a radial camera, and maps roll and pitch to the gravity direction. [`get_perspective_field`](https://github.com/KangLiao929/Puffin/blob/main/Puffin-World/scripts/camera/geometry/perspective_fields.py) then returns a normalized 2-channel **up field** and a 1-channel **latitude field**. The up field encodes the projected world-up direction at every pixel, while the latitude field measures each viewing ray's angular elevation relative to the horizon.
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```python
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import json
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import torch
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from scripts.camera.geometry.camera import SimpleRadial
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from scripts.camera.geometry.gravity import Gravity
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from scripts.camera.geometry.perspective_fields import get_perspective_field
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from scripts.camera.utils.conversions import fov2focal
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with open("camera.json") as f:
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annotation = json.load(f)
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roll, pitch, vfov, k1 = (
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annotation[key] for key in ("roll", "pitch", "vfov", "k1")
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)
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H, W = 512, 512
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f = float(fov2focal(torch.tensor(vfov), H))
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camera = SimpleRadial(torch.tensor(
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[W, H, f, f, W / 2, H / 2, k1, 0.0]
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).float()).scale(torch.tensor([1.0, 1.0]))
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gravity = Gravity.from_rp(torch.tensor(roll), torch.tensor(pitch))
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up_field, latitude_field = get_perspective_field(camera, gravity)
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# Shapes: [1, 2, H, W] and [1, 1, H, W]
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```
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Run the example from the `Puffin-World` directory. Use [`plot_vector_fields` and `plot_latitudes`](https://github.com/KangLiao929/Puffin/blob/main/Puffin-World/scripts/camera/visualization/viz2d.py) to render up-field arrows and latitude heatmaps or contours. See [`save_pf_visualization`](https://github.com/KangLiao929/Puffin/blob/main/Puffin-World/scripts/demo/physics_perception.py) for an end-to-end visualization example.
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### Caption Pipeline
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Beyond this captioned dataset, we also release **a complete captioning pipeline** for annotating camera parameters for arbitrary datasets, analyzing camera parameter distributions, and visualizing the corresponding camera maps. The pipeline is available in our [GitHub repository](https://github.com/KangLiao929/Puffin/blob/main/Puffin-World/documents/ANNOTATION_CAMERA.md).
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### Citation
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If you find the captioned dataset useful for your research or applications, please cite the following papers using these BibTeX entries:
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```bibtex
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@article{liao2025puffin,
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journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2510.08673},
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year={2025}
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}
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@article{liao2026puffinworld,
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title={Puffin-World: Scaling a Unified Multimodal Model with Native 3D World States},
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author={Liao, Kang and Luo, Yihang and Wu, Xiao-Ming and Jin, Linyi and Wu, Size and Lin, Chunyu and Zhao, Yao and Wang, Fei and Li, Wei and Loy, Chen Change},
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journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2609.04196},
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year={2026}
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}
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```
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