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README.md
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A clean, queryable DuckDB database built from ICE enforcement data published by the [Deportation Data Project](https://law.ucla.edu/academics/centers/center-immigration-law-and-policy/deportation-data-project) (Berkeley Law / UCLA) via FOIA litigation.
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Combines two FOIA releases:
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- **2023 release** (FY2012-FY2023): arrests, detentions, removals, RCA decisions
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| Table | Description | Rows | Cols | Sources | Date Range |
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|-------|-------------|------|------|---------|------------|
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| `detentions` | Detention stays (book-in to book-out) | 9,
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| `removals` | Deportation/removal records | 3,
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| `rca_decisions` | Release/custody assessment decision history | 3,543,467 | 42 | release_2023 | |
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| `encounters` | ICE encounters with individuals |
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| `arrests` | ICE administrative arrests | 2,
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| `detainers` | Detainer requests issued to jails/prisons |
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## Key Features
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# Changelog
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## 2026-07-06 — Full refresh + data-quality audit
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Rebuilt from the Deportation Data Project's 2026 FOIA release (data through
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A clean, queryable DuckDB database built from ICE enforcement data published by the [Deportation Data Project](https://law.ucla.edu/academics/centers/center-immigration-law-and-policy/deportation-data-project) (Berkeley Law / UCLA) via FOIA litigation.
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**23,568,538 rows** across **6 tables** covering ICE arrests, detainers, detentions, removals, and custody decisions.
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Combines two FOIA releases:
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- **2023 release** (FY2012-FY2023): arrests, detentions, removals, RCA decisions
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| Table | Description | Rows | Cols | Sources | Date Range |
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|-------|-------------|------|------|---------|------------|
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| `detentions` | Detention stays (book-in to book-out) | 9,834,781 | 41 | release_2023, release_2026_08 | 1995-08-31 to 2026-08-06 |
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| `removals` | Deportation/removal records | 3,868,035 | 43 | release_2023, release_2026_08 | 0001-09-10 to 2026-08-05 |
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| `rca_decisions` | Release/custody assessment decision history | 3,543,467 | 42 | release_2023 | |
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| `encounters` | ICE encounters with individuals | 3,065,104 | 23 | release_2026_08 | |
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| `arrests` | ICE administrative arrests | 2,516,550 | 25 | release_2023, release_2026_08 | 2011-10-01 to 2026-08-06 |
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| `detainers` | Detainer requests issued to jails/prisons | 740,601 | 45 | release_2026_08 | 0002-06-14 to 2026-08-05 |
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## Key Features
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# Changelog
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## 2026-09-14 — Data refresh (Deportation Data Project release of 2026-08-21)
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- Rebuilt from the DDP's August 2026 ICE release (activity 2022-10-01 through
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2026-08-06), which is cumulative and fully supersedes the March 2026 and
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December 2025 releases. Total rows 22,030,619 → 23,568,538: `arrests`
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2,516,550 (release_2026_08 share 891,675), `detentions` 9,834,781,
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`removals` 3,868,035, `encounters` 3,065,104, `detainers` 740,601,
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`rca_decisions` 3,543,467 (unchanged, release_2023 only).
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- `data_source` for the current release is now `release_2026_08`; the value
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`release_2026` no longer appears.
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- New in the source: `arrests.city` (and `county`) for the 2022-10+ window
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(31% populated). ICE did not include `apprehension_type` in this release.
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- Fix: the exact whole-row dedup of `encounters` (12,419 rows here; 12,097 in
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July) is now part of the build instead of a one-off repair, and validation
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asserts zero exact duplicates, view/arrest row parity, no negative
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durations, and that no superseded release remains.
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- Harmonization: `Anonymized Unique Identifier`, `Stay Book Out Date Time` and
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`Detention Book In Date Time` headers now map onto `unique_id`,
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`stay_book_out_date` and `detention_book_in_date` (the July build carried a
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separate, mostly-null `stay_book_out_date_time` column).
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- Builder recognises the DDP's abbreviated file names (ARS/DPR/DET/ENC/REM);
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`scripts/download_releases.sh` fetches both releases from their box.com
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links. DuckDB memory capped at 4 GB / 4 threads; `publish_to_hf.py --card-only`.
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- Caveats unchanged: `unique_id` never links across releases; `detentions` is
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facility-segment level; DDP continues to flag the removals data as less
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reliable than the July 2025 release.
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## 2026-07-06 — Full refresh + data-quality audit
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Rebuilt from the Deportation Data Project's 2026 FOIA release (data through
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