README.md

---
license: odbl
language:
  - en
tags:
  - openstreetmap
  - wikidata
  - wikipedia
  - wikivoyage
  - polygons
  - geospatial
  - multilingual
configs:
  - config_name: polygons
    data_files:
      - split: polygons
        path: polygons/*.parquet
  - config_name: polygon_articles
    data_files:
      - split: polygon_articles
        path: polygon_articles/*.parquet
  - config_name: wikipedia_documents
    data_files:
      - split: wikipedia_documents
        path: wikipedia/documents/*.parquet
  - config_name: wikipedia_sections
    data_files:
      - split: wikipedia_sections
        path: wikipedia/sections/*.parquet
  - config_name: wikivoyage_documents
    data_files:
      - split: wikivoyage_documents
        path: wikivoyage/documents/*.parquet
  - config_name: wikivoyage_sections
    data_files:
      - split: wikivoyage_sections
        path: wikivoyage/sections/*.parquet
  - config_name: wikidata_facts
    data_files:
      - split: wikidata_facts
        path: wikidata/facts/*.parquet
dataset_info:
  polygon_count: 1184110
  unique_wikidata_count: 1119223
  article_count: 2273750
---

# NoeFlandre/osm-polygon-wikidata-only

![NoeFlandre/osm-polygon-wikidata-only dataset overview](assets/dataset_hero.png)

Blog post: [How to describe a place on Earth with Wikidata](https://noeflandre.com/posts/describe-place-on-earth-part1-wikidata).

OSM polygons tagged with a `wikidata=*` reference, enriched with Wikipedia and Wikivoyage text across all available languages. The published tables are:

- `polygons/<stem>.parquet` — one row per polygon
- `wikipedia/documents/<stem>.parquet` — one row per unique Wikipedia article
- `polygon_articles/<stem>.parquet` — unified polygon-to-document many-to-many links for Wikipedia and Wikivoyage; `project` identifies the source and `document_id` references its document table
- `wikipedia/sections/<stem>.parquet` — section-level partitions of Wikipedia document text
- `wikivoyage/documents/<stem>.parquet` — full Wikivoyage documents associated with places through Wikidata
- `wikivoyage/sections/<stem>.parquet` — section-level partitions of Wikivoyage document text
- `wikidata/facts/<stem>.parquet` — structured Wikidata claims for polygon entities

Links are derived from the Wikidata identifiers shared by each OSM polygon and its Wikipedia or Wikivoyage documents.

Generated on 2026-08-02.

Maintained by **Noé Flandre**.

Source code: [GitHub repository](https://github.com/NoeFlandre/osm-polygon-wikidata-only).

This Hugging Face dataset is **V1**, produced by the [V1.0.0 GitHub code](https://github.com/NoeFlandre/osm-polygon-wikidata-only/tree/v1.0.0).

## Trackio snapshot

[View the dataset presentation](https://noeflandre.github.io/osm-polygon-wikidata-only/presentations/dataset.html) for a visual overview of the published tables and geographic coverage.

The finished dataset is recorded in the single public Trackio run [`final-dataset-snapshot`](https://huggingface.co/spaces/NoeFlandre/osm-polygon-wikidata-only-trackio). It contains exactly three plots: a text-coverage funnel, the top ten Wikipedia languages plus `Other languages`, and dataset composition on a logarithmic scale. The run is a static snapshot with no pipeline timeline.

| Snapshot metric | Value |
| --- | ---: |
| Polygons | 1,184,110 |
| Wikipedia + Wikivoyage documents | 2,288,170 |
| Document words | 801,528,334 |
| Languages | 351 |
| Geographic regions | 375 |

| Small snapshot table | Value |
| --- | ---: |
| Wikipedia polygon-document links | 2,468,604 |
| Polygon/link-table storage | 9.9 GB |
| Total Parquet storage | 19.2 GB |

The funnel's language thresholds use the canonical Wikipedia polygon fields. Wikivoyage is included in the combined document, word, and dataset-composition totals.

## Coverage

### Polygons with Wikipedia or Wikivoyage text

![Polygons with Wikipedia or Wikivoyage text](assets/geographic_text_presence.png)

Each point is a dataset polygon with at least one non-empty Wikipedia document or a non-empty Wikivoyage document sharing its Wikidata entity. A polygon is shown once even when several documents qualify.

### All dataset polygons

![Coverage Map](assets/coverage_map.png)

Each point represents one dataset polygon carrying an OSM `wikidata=*` tag, whether or not corresponding Wikipedia or Wikivoyage text is available.

## Geographic coverage

### Wikipedia + Wikivoyage text density

![Geographic Wikipedia and Wikivoyage Text Density](assets/geographic_text_density.png)

Each H3 cell contains the raw number of polygons with non-empty Wikipedia or Wikivoyage text. A polygon is counted once even when both projects or several documents qualify. Colour uses a logarithmic purple-to-yellow scale; this is an absolute density count, not a proportion of all polygons.

## Dataset snapshot

| Metric | Value |
| --- | ---: |
| Polygon rows across regional extracts | 1,184,110 |
| Unique Wikidata entities | 1,119,223 |
| Unique polygon identities (osm_type, osm_id) | 1,157,841 |
| Polygons with successful non-empty text (unique OSM identities) | 650,663 |
| Wikipedia polygon-document links | 2,468,604 |
| Wikipedia + Wikivoyage languages | 351 |
| Geographic regions | 375 |
| Polygon and link tables size | 9.9 GB |
| Wikipedia documents | 2,273,750 |
| Wikipedia sections | 11,997,165 |
| Wikivoyage documents | 14,420 |
| Wikivoyage sections | 302,200 |
| Wikidata facts | 3,901,092 |
| Wikipedia + Wikivoyage document words | 801,528,334 |
| Total Parquet size | 19.2 GB |

Polygon rows retain regional copies. Identity metrics use one deterministic representative per `(osm_type, osm_id)`; successful text additionally requires `fetch_status=ok` and trimmed non-empty `full_text`.

Wikipedia + Wikivoyage document words sums the full Wikipedia and Wikivoyage documents and excludes section rows because sections duplicate document text.

## Polygon surface and geometry

Recomputed from every row of the published `polygons/*.parquet` table before each dataset-card publication: all 1,184,110 rows across 375 regional files, with no sampling and no other input. Areas are the table's own `area_m2` values (WGS84 equirectangular approximation, holes subtracted); shape and extent figures are decoded from the `geometry` and `bbox` columns. The complete machine-readable report, including the per-source breakdown, is published as [`stats.json`](stats.json).

| Surface (`area_m2`) | Value |
| --- | ---: |
| Total surface | 179,051,037,796,358.66 m2 (179,051,037.7964 km2) |
| Smallest | 0.00 m2 (0.0000 km2) |
| 1st percentile | 19.72 m2 (0.0000 km2) |
| 5th percentile | 74.16 m2 (0.0001 km2) |
| 25th percentile | 279.72 m2 (0.0003 km2) |
| Median | 1,357.58 m2 (0.0014 km2) |
| Mean | 151,211,490.31 m2 (151.2115 km2) |
| 75th percentile | 25,686.48 m2 (0.0257 km2) |
| 95th percentile | 1,651,939.20 m2 (1.6519 km2) |
| 99th percentile | 84,290,034.95 m2 (84.2900 km2) |
| Largest | 10,159,934,507,090.38 m2 (10,159,934.5071 km2) |
| Degenerate (`area_m2` <= 0) | 0 polygons |
| Below 1 m2 | 203 polygons |
| Missing `area_m2` | 0 polygons |

| Geometry shape | Value |
| --- | ---: |
| `Polygon` rows | 0 |
| `MultiPolygon` rows | 1,184,110 |
| Rows with holes | 9,538 |
| Undecodable `geometry` | 0 |
| Total rings | 1,699,525 |
| Total holes | 169,758 |
| Total vertices | 154,750,715 |
| Vertices per polygon (median / p95 / max) | 13.0 / 166.0 / 1,896,985 |
| Rings per polygon (median / p95 / max) | 1.0 / 1.0 / 18,353 |
| Components per polygon (median / p95 / max) | 1.0 / 1.0 / 18,344 |

| Extent | Value |
| --- | ---: |
| Dataset bounding box | `[-180.000000, -85.051129, 180.000000, 86.340269]` |
| Bbox width in degrees (median / p95 / max) | 0.000677 / 0.029185 / 360.000000 |
| Bbox height in degrees (median / p95 / max) | 0.000453 / 0.019231 / 46.234805 |
| Bbox width in metres (median / p95 / max) | 52.17 / 2,153.60 / 39,663,756.23 |
| Bbox height in metres (median / p95 / max) | 50.45 / 2,140.83 / 5,146,834.95 |
| Bbox wider than 180 degrees | 26 polygons |
| Bbox touching a pole | 0 polygons |
| Undecodable `bbox` | 0 polygons |

| Area bucket (log scale) | Polygons |
| --- | ---: |
| `non_positive` | 0 |
| `0_to_1_m2` | 203 |
| `1e0_to_1e1_m2` | 4,864 |
| `1e1_to_1e2_m2` | 82,428 |
| `1e2_to_1e3_m2` | 465,543 |
| `1e3_to_1e4_m2` | 236,631 |
| `1e4_to_1e5_m2` | 203,909 |
| `1e5_to_1e6_m2` | 115,436 |
| `1e6_to_1e7_m2` | 47,792 |
| `1e7_to_1e8_m2` | 16,439 |
| `1e8_to_1e9_m2` | 6,851 |
| `1e9_to_1e10_m2` | 2,945 |
| `1e10_to_1e11_m2` | 836 |
| `1e11_to_1e12_m2` | 203 |
| `ge_1e12_m2` | 30 |

**Field definitions:**

- `Total surface`: sum of `area_m2` over every published polygon row. Overlapping polygons are summed independently, so this is the total polygon surface, not the distinct land area covered.
- Percentiles and medians interpolate linearly between the two closest ranks.
- `Degenerate`: rows whose recorded `area_m2` is zero or negative. `Below 1 m2` counts rows with a positive area smaller than one square metre.
- A vertex is one coordinate pair; each ring's repeated closing coordinate is counted once. A hole is an inner ring, and `Components` is the number of `MultiPolygon` members, which is `1` for every `Polygon` row.
- Metre spans convert the degree spans with the same equirectangular rule used for `area_m2`, evaluated at each bounding box's mean latitude.
- `Bbox wider than 180 degrees` is the antimeridian signature: the box spans more than half the globe because the polygon crosses longitude 180.
- Area buckets are half-open decade intervals `[lower, upper)` in square metres; the bucket list is identical in every report so two reports stay comparable.

## Language distribution

Top 20 languages across Wikipedia and Wikivoyage documents:

Document counts include canonical rows from both projects. Polygon counts are unique `(osm_type, osm_id)` polygon identities per language and require successfully extracted (`fetch_status=ok`) trimmed non-empty `full_text`. Canonical links use the `polygon_articles` identity join; legacy Wikivoyage links use the shared Wikidata QID fallback.

| Language | Documents | % of total | Polygons with successful non-empty text |
| --- | ---: | ---: | ---: |
| en | 223,301 | 10.1% | 234,707 |
| de | 146,312 | 6.6% | 154,089 |
| fr | 109,720 | 5.0% | 117,333 |
| ceb | 105,479 | 4.8% | 108,533 |
| sv | 74,518 | 3.4% | 77,505 |
| ru | 73,228 | 3.3% | 77,368 |
| es | 70,808 | 3.2% | 76,479 |
| it | 65,927 | 3.0% | 70,490 |
| pl | 65,685 | 3.0% | 68,479 |
| zh | 59,285 | 2.7% | 63,336 |
| ja | 54,072 | 2.5% | 57,564 |
| arz | 53,882 | 2.4% | 56,106 |
| nl | 52,953 | 2.4% | 56,899 |
| uk | 50,059 | 2.3% | 54,138 |
| fa | 38,840 | 1.8% | 41,189 |
| pt | 36,022 | 1.6% | 39,368 |
| ce | 32,849 | 1.5% | 33,469 |
| ca | 32,520 | 1.5% | 35,403 |
| cs | 28,497 | 1.3% | 31,332 |
| no | 28,424 | 1.3% | 31,186 |

**Concentration:**
- Top 1 language: 10.1% of all Wikipedia + Wikivoyage documents
- Top 5 languages: 29.9% of all Wikipedia + Wikivoyage documents
- Top 10 languages: 45.1% of all Wikipedia + Wikivoyage documents
- Top 20 languages: 63.6% of all Wikipedia + Wikivoyage documents

**Long-tail:**
- 351 language(s) total
- 5 language(s) appear in fewer than 5 Wikipedia + Wikivoyage documents
- 5 language(s) appear in fewer than 10 Wikipedia + Wikivoyage documents
- 4 language(s) appear in fewer than 5 polygons with successful non-empty text

## Storage accounting

Core tables size and total storage size are additive:

| Metric | Bytes | Human-readable |
| --- | ---: | --- |
| Polygon and link tables size | 2,243,135,062 | 2.1 GB |
| Wikipedia, Wikivoyage, and Wikidata tables size | 18,338,737,425 | 17.1 GB |
| Total Parquet size | 20,581,872,487 | 19.2 GB |

## Wikipedia text corpus

### Documents

| Metric | Value |
| --- | ---: |
| Document rows | 2,273,750 |
| Unique documents | 2,192,426 |
| Unique Wikidata entities | 625,432 |
| Languages | 351 |
| Non-empty text | 2,273,693 |
| Empty / null text | 57 |
| Characters | 5,324,562,350 |
| Words | 783,679,126 |
| Estimated tokens | 1,330,287,296 |
| Regions / files represented | 375 |

Estimated tokens use a transparent approximation: `characters // 4` per non-empty text row, with a minimum of one token per non-empty row.

### Sections

| Metric | Value |
| --- | ---: |
| Section rows | 11,997,165 |
| Unique sections | 11,549,631 |
| Documents represented | 2,189,484 |
| Avg sections per represented document | 5.48 |
| Non-empty section rate | 100.0% |
| Unique Wikidata entities | 625,417 |
| Languages | 351 |
| Non-empty text | 11,997,165 |
| Empty / null text | 0 |
| Characters | 7,066,582,723 |
| Words | 1,108,894,757 |
| Estimated tokens | 1,762,125,212 |
| Regions / files represented | 375 |

Estimated tokens use a transparent approximation: `characters // 4` per non-empty text row, with a minimum of one token per non-empty row.

### Languages

| Language | Documents | % of total |
| --- | ---: | ---: |
| en | 224,462 | 9.9% |
| de | 149,091 | 6.6% |
| fr | 112,223 | 4.9% |
| ceb | 110,289 | 4.9% |
| sv | 76,085 | 3.3% |
| ru | 75,557 | 3.3% |
| es | 72,538 | 3.2% |
| it | 69,103 | 3.0% |
| pl | 66,276 | 2.9% |
| zh | 60,408 | 2.7% |


## Wikivoyage text corpus

### Documents

| Metric | Value |
| --- | ---: |
| Document rows | 14,420 |
| Unique documents | 14,137 |
| Unique Wikidata entities | 5,361 |
| Languages | 27 |
| Non-empty text | 14,417 |
| Empty / null text | 3 |
| Characters | 112,794,734 |
| Words | 17,849,208 |
| Estimated tokens | 28,193,232 |
| Regions / files represented | 375 |

Estimated tokens use a transparent approximation: `characters // 4` per non-empty text row, with a minimum of one token per non-empty row.

### Sections

| Metric | Value |
| --- | ---: |
| Section rows | 302,200 |
| Unique sections | 296,934 |
| Documents represented | 14,135 |
| Avg sections per represented document | 21.38 |
| Non-empty section rate | 100.0% |
| Unique Wikidata entities | 5,360 |
| Languages | 27 |
| Non-empty text | 302,200 |
| Empty / null text | 0 |
| Characters | 132,242,637 |
| Words | 21,741,293 |
| Estimated tokens | 32,946,346 |
| Regions / files represented | 375 |

Estimated tokens use a transparent approximation: `characters // 4` per non-empty text row, with a minimum of one token per non-empty row.

### Languages

| Language | Documents | % of total |
| --- | ---: | ---: |
| en | 3,434 | 23.8% |
| de | 1,898 | 13.2% |
| pl | 1,315 | 9.1% |
| it | 1,043 | 7.2% |
| fa | 970 | 6.7% |
| fr | 900 | 6.2% |
| zh | 537 | 3.7% |
| ru | 535 | 3.7% |
| es | 513 | 3.6% |
| nl | 509 | 3.5% |


## Wikidata facts

| Metric | Value |
| --- | ---: |
| Fact rows | 3,901,092 |
| Unique facts | 3,836,531 |
| Unique subjects | 955,700 |
| Distinct properties | 8 |
| Non-empty English property label | 3,901,092 |
| Non-empty English value label | 3,535,905 |
| With qualifiers | 232,610 |
| With references | 1,756,783 |
| Unreadable qualifier JSON | 3,668,482 |
| Unreadable references JSON | 2,144,309 |
| Regions / files represented | 375 |

**Value-type distribution:**

| Value type | Facts |
| --- | ---: |
| wikibase-item | 3,535,905 |
| time | 267,269 |
| quantity | 97,918 |

**Top properties:**

| Property ID | English label | Facts |
| --- | --- | ---: |
| P31 | instance of | 1,166,284 |
| P131 | located in the administrative territorial entity | 985,587 |
| P17 | country | 984,654 |
| P1435 | heritage designation | 336,569 |
| P571 | inception | 267,269 |
| P2044 | elevation above sea level | 97,918 |
| P361 | part of | 60,996 |
| P279 | subclass of | 1,815 |

English labels are requested where available; multilingual labels are preserved verbatim in the Parquet column `property_labels`.


## Geographic distribution by continent

This table is recomputed from the finalized Parquet tables before each dataset-card publication. Each polygon's WGS84 centroid is spatially matched to the bundled Natural Earth 1:110m Admin-0 country boundaries, then assigned the country's continent. Because this is a coarse global reference, offshore points and centroids outside its country polygons remain `Unassigned` rather than being guessed.

| Continent | Polygons | Wikipedia documents | Wikivoyage documents | Polygons with Wikipedia text | Polygons with Wikipedia or Wikivoyage text | Text coverage |
| --- | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: |
| Africa | 11,289 | 55,254 | 550 | 8,309 | 8,309 | 73.6% |
| Antarctica | 254 | 1,684 | 1 | 251 | 251 | 98.8% |
| Asia | 117,610 | 387,567 | 1,811 | 94,924 | 94,945 | 80.7% |
| Europe | 792,569 | 1,073,709 | 5,163 | 373,782 | 373,782 | 47.2% |
| North America | 162,012 | 392,739 | 3,429 | 120,166 | 120,167 | 74.2% |
| Oceania | 19,807 | 30,678 | 396 | 11,467 | 11,468 | 57.9% |
| South America | 18,906 | 63,181 | 786 | 13,503 | 13,503 | 71.4% |
| Unassigned | 61,663 | 193,785 | 2,007 | 43,824 | 43,826 | 71.1% |

**Metric definitions:**

- `Polygons`: dataset polygons whose centroid is assigned to the continent. Every polygon appears in exactly one continent row, including `Unassigned`.
- `Wikipedia documents`: distinct non-empty Wikipedia documents connected to those polygons through `polygon_articles`. A document is counted once within a continent, but may appear in more than one continent when linked polygons span more than one continent.
- `Wikivoyage documents`: distinct non-empty Wikivoyage documents whose Wikidata entity is shared by a polygon in the continent. The same cross-continent counting rule applies.
- `Polygons with Wikipedia text`: polygons linked to at least one non-empty Wikipedia document.
- `Polygons with Wikipedia or Wikivoyage text`: polygons satisfying the Wikipedia condition or sharing a Wikidata entity with at least one non-empty Wikivoyage document. Each polygon is counted once.
- `Text coverage`: `combined text-covered polygons / all dataset polygons` in the continent row.

## Schema

### `polygons`

| Column | Description |
| --- | --- |
| `polygon_id` | Deterministic ID: `<source_pbf_stem>:<osm_type>:<osm_id>`. |
| `region` | Geofabrik region slug parsed from the source PBF filename (e.g. `monaco`). |
| `source_pbf` | Source PBF filename (e.g. `monaco-latest.osm.pbf`). |
| `osm_type` | OSM element type: `way` or `relation`. |
| `osm_id` | OpenStreetMap numeric identifier of the element. |
| `wikidata` | Wikidata Q-id from the OSM `wikidata=*` tag. |
| `name` | Convenience: `tags.name` if present, empty string otherwise. |
| `tags` | Deterministic JSON object of all OSM tags except `wikidata`. |
| `tag_keys` | Deterministic JSON list of sorted OSM tag keys. |
| `tag_count` | Number of OSM tags (excluding `wikidata`). |
| `osm_primary_tag` | Best single tag for coarse analysis, e.g. `landuse=forest`. |
| `centroid` | Polygon centroid as a GeoJSON Point string (`[lon, lat]`). |
| `lat` | Centroid latitude in decimal degrees (WGS84). |
| `lon` | Centroid longitude in decimal degrees (WGS84). |
| `bbox` | Bounding box as JSON list `[min_lon, min_lat, max_lon, max_lat]`. |
| `geometry` | Full polygon geometry as deterministic GeoJSON string in WGS84 lon/lat coordinates. |
| `area_m2` | Polygon area in square meters (WGS84 equirectangular approximation). |
| `area_km2` | Polygon area in square kilometers. |
| `area_bucket` | Human-readable size bucket (e.g. `1-10km2`). |
| `has_name` | True if the polygon has a `name` tag. |
| `has_wikidata` | True if the polygon has a `wikidata` tag (always true by filter). |
| `has_wikipedia` | True if at least one linked Wikipedia article was fetched. |
| `wikipedia_language_count` | Number of Wikipedia languages for which articles were linked. |
| `wikipedia_languages` | Deterministic JSON list of language codes (e.g. `["en","fr"]`). |
| `wikipedia_article_count` | Number of unique article revisions linked to this polygon. |
| `has_english_wikipedia` | True if `en` is among the available languages. |
| `has_french_wikipedia` | True if `fr` is among the available languages. |
| `text_available` | True if at least one linked article has non-empty full text. |
| `best_language` | Deterministic preferred language code (e.g. `en`). |
| `extraction_version` | Package version that produced the row. |
| `extracted_at` | ISO-8601 UTC timestamp at the moment the row was extracted. |

### `wikipedia/documents`

| Column | Description |
| --- | --- |
| `document_id` | Deterministic document identifier (`<wikidata>:<project>:<language>:<page_id>:<revision_id>`). |
| `article_id` | Deterministic ID: `<wikidata>:<language>:<page_id>:<revision_id>`. |
| `wikidata` | Wikidata Q-id this article is linked to. |
| `project` | Wiki project name: always `wikipedia` for this table. |
| `language` | Wikipedia language code, e.g. `en`. |
| `site` | Wikidata sitelink site, e.g. `enwiki`. |
| `title` | Article title as returned by the Wikipedia API. |
| `url` | Canonical Wikipedia article URL. |
| `page_id` | MediaWiki page ID. |
| `revision_id` | Exact revision ID used for text extraction. |
| `revision_timestamp` | ISO-8601 timestamp of the revision. |
| `retrieved_at` | ISO-8601 UTC timestamp when this pipeline fetched the article. |
| `wikidata_label` | Best Wikidata label for the article's language, fallback English. |
| `wikidata_description` | Best Wikidata description for the article's language. |
| `wikidata_aliases` | Deterministic JSON list of Wikidata aliases. |
| `lead_text` | Lead section of the article, plain text. |
| `extract` | Short summary/extract if the API provided one. |
| `full_text` | Full cleaned article text, plain text. |
| `full_text_format` | Encoding of `full_text`; always `plain_text`. |
| `article_length_chars` | Length of `full_text` in characters. |
| `article_length_words` | Approximate whitespace-token count of `full_text`. |
| `article_length_tokens_estimate` | Rough token count: `chars / 4`. |
| `thumbnail_url` | Thumbnail URL only (no image bytes stored). |
| `thumbnail_width` | Thumbnail width in pixels, if known. |
| `thumbnail_height` | Thumbnail height in pixels, if known. |
| `categories` | Deterministic JSON list of category titles, or `[]`. |
| `license` | License string, e.g. `CC BY-SA`. |
| `attribution` | Attribution string for the article. |
| `source_api` | Which API was queried: `mediawiki_action_api` / `wikipedia_rest_api`. |
| `fetch_status` | One of: `ok`, `article_not_found`, `http_error`, `rate_limited`, `parse_error`, `empty_text`. |
| `fetch_error` | Short diagnostic on failure, empty string on success. |
| `content_hash` | Stable SHA-256 of `full_text` for change tracking. |

### `polygon_articles`

| Column | Description |
| --- | --- |
| `polygon_id` | FK to polygons polygon_id. |
| `document_id` | FK to the project documents table. Format: <wikidata>:<project>:<language>:<page_id>:<revision_id>. |
| `project` | Source project: wikipedia or wikivoyage. |
| `wikidata` | Wikidata QID (denormalized for fast filtering). |
| `language` | Document language code. |
| `source_pbf` | Source PBF filename (denormalized). |
| `region` | Geofabrik region slug (denormalized). |
| `osm_type` | OSM element type: way or relation. |
| `osm_id` | OSM numeric identifier. |
| `page_id` | MediaWiki page ID. |
| `revision_id` | MediaWiki revision ID. |

### `wikivoyage/documents`

| Column | Description |
| --- | --- |
| `document_id` | Deterministic document identifier (`<wikidata>:<project>:<language>:<page_id>:<revision_id>`). |
| `article_id` | Stable article identifier referenced by `polygon_articles/<stem>.parquet`. |
| `wikidata` | Wikidata QID this document is linked to. |
| `project` | Wiki project name: `wikipedia` or `wikivoyage`. |
| `language` | Wikipedia or Wikivoyage language code (e.g. `en`). |
| `site` | Wikidata sitelink host, e.g. `enwiki` or `enwikivoyage`. |
| `title` | Page title as returned by the MediaWiki API. |
| `url` | Canonical URL of the page. |
| `page_id` | MediaWiki page ID (integer). |
| `revision_id` | MediaWiki revision ID used to fetch the page text (integer). |
| `revision_timestamp` | ISO-8601 timestamp of the revision. |
| `retrieved_at` | ISO-8601 UTC timestamp when the pipeline fetched the page. |
| `full_text` | Cleaned plain-text document body (Wikipedia articles or Wikivoyage pages). |
| `full_text_format` | Encoding of `full_text`; always `plain_text`. |
| `article_length_chars` | Length of `full_text` in characters. |
| `article_length_words` | Approximate whitespace-token count of `full_text`. |
| `article_length_tokens_estimate` | Rough token estimate: `chars / 4`. |
| `license` | License string (`CC BY-SA` for Wikipedia/Wikivoyage text). |
| `attribution` | Attribution string for the page. |
| `source_api` | Which API was queried: `mediawiki_action_api` or `wikivoyage_rest_api`. |
| `fetch_status` | One of: `ok`, `page_not_found`, `http_error`, `rate_limited`, `parse_error`, `empty_text`. |
| `fetch_error` | Short diagnostic on failure, empty string on success. |
| `content_hash` | Stable SHA-256 of `full_text` for change tracking. |

### `wikipedia/sections` and `wikivoyage/sections`

| Column | Description |
| --- | --- |
| `section_id` | Deterministic SHA-256 over `(document_id, section_index, anchor)`. |
| `document_id` | FK back to `documents` (Wikipedia or Wikivoyage). |
| `article_id` | FK back to the corresponding `articles` row. |
| `wikidata` | Wikidata QID (denormalized for fast filtering). |
| `project` | Wiki project name: `wikipedia` or `wikivoyage`. |
| `language` | Wikipedia or Wikivoyage language code. |
| `site` | Wikidata sitelink host. |
| `page_id` | MediaWiki page ID (integer). |
| `revision_id` | MediaWiki revision ID (integer). |
| `section_index` | Sequential position of the section inside the document (integer). |
| `heading` | Section heading, or empty string when the section is the lead. |
| `anchor` | Section anchor after MediaWiki parsing. |
| `level` | Heading level (1..6), or 0 for the lead section (integer). |
| `parent_section_id` | Section ID of the enclosing section, or empty string. |
| `section_path` | JSON array of ancestor section IDs, in order. |
| `text` | Plain-text section body. |
| `text_length_chars` | Length of `text` in characters (integer). |
| `text_length_words` | Approximate whitespace-token count of `text` (integer). |
| `text_length_tokens_estimate` | Rough token estimate: `chars / 4` (integer). |
| `content_hash` | Stable SHA-256 of `section.text`. |
| `license` | License string for this section. |
| `attribution` | Attribution string for this section. |

### `wikidata/facts`

| Column | Description |
| --- | --- |
| `fact_id` | Deterministic SHA-256 over `(subject, property, value, ordinal)`. |
| `wikidata` | Wikidata QID the fact belongs to (the subject). |
| `property_id` | Property P-id (e.g. `P17`). |
| `property_label_en` | English label for the property, when available. |
| `property_labels` | Deterministic JSON object of property labels per language. |
| `value_type` | Wikidata value datatype: `wikibase-entityid`, `string`, `quantity`, `time`, ... |
| `value_entity_id` | Entity-valued object QID, when the value is a Wikidata entity. |
| `value_label_en` | English label for the value entity, when available. |
| `value_labels` | Deterministic JSON object of value labels per language. |
| `value_text` | Rendered text representation of the value. |
| `numeric_value` | Numeric amount for `quantity`-typed values, otherwise null. |
| `unit_entity_id` | Wikidata QID of the unit (e.g. `Q11573` for metre). |
| `rank` | Wikidata rank: `preferred`, `normal`, or `deprecated`. |
| `qualifiers` | Deterministic JSON object of qualifier snaks, or `{}` when absent. |
| `references` | Deterministic JSON array of reference groups, or `[]` when absent. |
| `retrieved_at` | ISO-8601 UTC timestamp when the pipeline fetched the entity. |
| `source_api` | Which API was queried (always `wikidata_action_api`). |


## Language partitions

The V1 language release is an additive, row-level partition of the published text tables.
Each source row is routed by its normalized `language` value; multilingual rows are not collapsed to a polygon-level preferred language.
Missing, blank, malformed, and legacy-unusable values are preserved in the explicit `lang-unknown` partition.

Validated languages: **348** (including `unknown`).

| Configuration | Split names | Remote path |
| --- | --- | --- |
| `polygon_articles_by_language` | `lang-<language>` and `lang-unknown` | `data/polygon_articles_by_language/lang-<language>-00000-of-00001.parquet` |
| `wikipedia_documents_by_language` | `lang-<language>` and `lang-unknown` | `data/wikipedia_documents_by_language/lang-<language>-00000-of-00001.parquet` |
| `wikipedia_sections_by_language` | `lang-<language>` and `lang-unknown` | `data/wikipedia_sections_by_language/lang-<language>-00000-of-00001.parquet` |
| `wikivoyage_documents_by_language` | `lang-<language>` and `lang-unknown` | `data/wikivoyage_documents_by_language/lang-<language>-00000-of-00001.parquet` |
| `wikivoyage_sections_by_language` | `lang-<language>` and `lang-unknown` | `data/wikivoyage_sections_by_language/lang-<language>-00000-of-00001.parquet` |

The release manifest records the source fingerprint, schema, row counts, and SHA-256 hash for every generated file.
## Data sources & licenses

- **OpenStreetMap** polygons: (c) OpenStreetMap contributors, licensed under [ODbL 1.0](https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/).
- **Wikidata** entity data: [CC0 1.0](https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/).
- **Wikipedia** article text: licensed under [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/) by the respective Wikipedia editors; attributed inline per article.
- **Wikivoyage** text: licensed under [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/) by the respective Wikivoyage editors; attributed inline per document.
- **Natural Earth** Admin-0 geography: public-domain 1:110m reference data used only to assign centroid-based continent statistics and draw context maps.

## How to load

```python
from datasets import load_dataset
ds = load_dataset("parquet", data_files={
    "polygons": "hf://datasets/NoeFlandre/osm-polygon-wikidata-only/polygons/*.parquet",
})
```

## Citation

If you use this dataset, please cite it. Download the dataset citation metadata from [`CITATION.cff`](CITATION.cff).