title: Improve output format

text: Could someone take a look at this output in pdf form and tell me is there a way that I could avoid so much empty space at the end of pages 1 and 3? Apologies for sending ALL the code, but it's necessary to see the final output.               \documentclass[12pt]{article}     \usepackage[top = 1in, bottom = 1in, right = 1in, left = 1in]{geometry}     \usepackage{amsmath}     \usepackage{siunitx}     \usepackage{booktabs}     \usepackage{graphicx}     \usepackage{float}               \begin{document}     \begin{titlepage}               \newcommand{\HRule}{\rule{\linewidth}{0.5mm}}          \centering          {\scshape\LARGE University College Cork\par}          \vspace{1cm}          {\scshape\Large CE 2001: Lab Reports\par}     {\scshape\large Dr. Virkam Pakrashi\par}          \HRule          \vspace{0.4cm}          {\huge \bfseries \#1: Simply Supported Beam\par}          \vspace{0.4cm}          \HRule          \vspace{1.5cm}          {\large     \begin{tabular}{@{}l@{}}     \Large\textbf{Authors:}\\     David \textsc{O'Sullivan}\\     Yuriy \textsc{Lishchynskyy}\\     John \textsc{Kearney}\\     Billy \textsc{O'Connor}\\     Eoghan \textsc{Kelleher}     \end{tabular}     \par}          \vspace{4cm}          {\large \today\par}          \vfill          \end{titlepage}     \tableofcontents     \section{Objectives}     \begin{itemize}     \item To calculate the stiffness parameter of a beam via the load-displacement graph and subsequently calculate the Young's Modules of the beam.     \item To calculate the displacement of the beam at it's midpoint under various quarter-span loading conditions.     \item To calculate and compare the theoretical and experimental displacement along the beam under one (1 kg) quarter-span loading condition.     \end{itemize}     \section{Equipment}     A cantilever beam is placed horizontally on two supports, one fixed and the other a roller allowing the user to adjust the beam length.      A dial gauge is used to measure the displacement along the length of the beam under various conditions of quarter-span loading.          The equipment setup is described perfectly by the following image.     \begin{figure}[H]     \centering     \caption{Setup}\label{tab:set}     \includegraphics[scale=0.1]{Pic1}     \end{figure}     \section{Procedure}     \begin{itemize}     \item Take dimensions of the beam ($B$, $D$, $L$), - rectangular cross section.     \item Read initial displacement values, $w_0$, at locations $x$.     \item Apply successive and equal load masses at both quarter spans.     \item For each mass loading: \begin{itemize}     \item Measure the vertical displacement at mid-span.     \item Plot a point on the load-displacement graph (Load = $m \times g$).\end{itemize}     \item Determine the stiffness parameter, k (slope of the load-displacement graph).     \item Theoretical stiffness value; rearrange to get E. (See equation (1) below)     \item Place a unit mass, $m$, (1 kg) at each quarter span.     \item Read the values of displacement, $w_1$, at the locations, $x$ (different locations along length).     \item Calculate theoretical values of displacement, use symmetry. (See equation (2) below)     \item Plot the values of the displacement over the length of the beam for both experimental and theoretical data.               \end{itemize}     \section{Results}     \subsection{Calculating Young's Modulus}     The following is a table of quarter-span masses applied to the beam, the total mass applied and the displacement observed at the centre point of the beam (i.e. 500 mm).     \begin{table}[H]     \centering     \caption{Displacement-Load table}\label{tab:t1}     \medskip     \begin{tabular}{ccc}     \toprule     Quarter-Span m (kg)& Total m (kg) & Displacement (mm) \\ \toprule     0.0 & 0.0 & 15.22 \\      0.1 & 0.2 &  14.9 \\      0.2 & 0.4 & 14.58 \\      0.3 & 0.6 & 14.23 \\      0.4 & 0.8 & 13.9  \\      0.5 & 1.0 & ?     \\      0.6 & 1.2 & 13.25 \\      0.7 & 1.4 & 12.91 \\      0.8 & 1.6 & 12.58 \\      0.9 & 1.8 & 12.23 \\ \toprule     \end{tabular}     \end{table}     The values of mass in both the first and second column will be multiplied by the acceleration due to gravity ($g$) in order to convert them to the \textit{Weight} applied to the beam. The values for displacement in the third column are uncalibrated and therefore must be calibrated in order to plot the total load vs. displacement graph. These values must be calibrated against the value of displacement for zero loading conditions (row 1, column 3 in table above). Thus all subsequent values of displacement, for the various loads, will be calibrated against (i.e. subtracted from) 15.22 mm. \textbf{Note: The displacement for the quarter-span mass of 0.5 kg is not shown and will be addressed in the Discussion section}. The following graph of total load (column two times $g$) vs. displacement is then obtained.\vspace{-10pt}     \begin{figure}[H]     \centering     \caption{Load vs. Displacement}\label{tab:g1}     \vspace{-15pt}     \includegraphics[scale=0.6]{Graph1}     \end{figure}          The slope of the trendline obtained from the above graph is 5.91 \si{N.mm^{-1}}. This value refers to the stiffness paramter, $k$, in the equation:\\ \begin{equation}     \boxed{k \approx \frac{384EI}{11L^3}}     \end{equation}\\     Where $E$ is the Young's Modulus of the beam material, $I$ is the second moment of area of the beam and $L$ is the length of the beam. Now knowing $k$, the above equation can be rearranged and $E$ can be calculated. The beam parameters are as follows:     \begin{itemize}     \item Length (mm) = 1000     \item Width (mm) = 24     \item Height (mm) = 6     \item I (\si{mm^4}) = $432$     \end{itemize}     Rearranging equation (1) to find $E$ and subbing in for the above values and $k$ gives rise to:$$E = \frac{(11)(1000^3)(5.91)}{(384)(432} = 391  \si{GPa}$$     \subsection{Four Point Bending:}     The next section of the experiment involved applying 1 kg masses to each quarter span of the beam and then measuring the values of displacement at each position across the beam's length.     \begin{table}[H]     \centering     \caption{Displacements}\label{tab:t2}          \begin{tabular}{cccccc}\bottomrule     Station & $w_0$ (mm) & $w_1$ (mm) & Calibrated $w_0$ & Calibrated $w_1$ & $w_1 - w_0$ \\ \toprule     0 & 16.86 & 16.86 & 0.04 & 0.04 & 0.00  \\      1 & 16.71 & 15.76 & 0.19 & 1.14 & 0.95  \\     2 & 16.38 & 14.35 & 0.52 & 2.55 & 2.03 \\      3 & 15.98 & 13.50 & 0.92 & 3.4  & 2.48 \\      4 & 15.42 & 12.61 & 1.48 & 4.29 & 2.81 \\      5 & 15.22 & 12.27 & 1.68 & 4.63 & 2.95  \\      6 & 15.62 & 12.74 & 1.28 & 4.16 & 2.88 \\      7 & 16.37 & 13.89 & 0.53 & 3.01 & 2.48 \\      8 & 16.83 & 14.99 & 0.07 & 1.91 & 1.84  \\      9 & 16.93 & 15.96 & -0.03 & 0.94 & 0.97 \\      10 & 16.94 & 16.94 & -0.04 & -0.04 & 0.00 \\ \toprule          \end{tabular}     \end{table}     The values of $w_0$ and $w_1$ are calibrated against the average initial displacement at the supports (where no deformation occurs). This is calculated to be 16.90 mm. The theoretical displacement is defined by the following piecewise function:     \begin{equation}     \boxed{w_{Theory} =     \begin{cases}     \frac{Px}{6EI}(3aL - 3a^2 - x^2), &0\leq x\leq a \\     \frac{Pa}{6EI}(3Lx - 3x^2 - a^2), & a\leq x\leq L - a     \end{cases}}     \end{equation}          Using equations (2) one can find all the displacements along the length of the beam. For the beam used in the experiment, $a = \frac{1}{4}L = 250$ mm. $P$ is the load applied at both quarter-spans and in this case it was a constant 1 kg mass, i.e. a 9.8 N downward weight.           The following table may then be constructed. \textbf{Note:The values of $w_T$ are implicitly calibrated.}          \begin{table}[H]     \centering     \caption{Theoretical Displacement}\label{tab:t3}     \begin{tabular}{ccc}     \hline     Range & Location (mm) & $w_T$ (mm) \\ \hline     & 0 & 0.00 \\      $0\leq x\leq a$ &100 & 0.53 \\      &200 & 1.00 \\ \hline     & 300 & 1.37 \\      &400 & 1.58 \\      $a\leq x\leq L-a$&500 & 1.66     \\      &600 & 1.58 \\      &700 & 1.37 \\ \hline      & 800 & 1.00 \\      $L-A\leq x\leq L$&900 & 0.53 \\      &1000 & 0.00 \\ \toprule     \end{tabular}     \end{table}     The following graph plots the $w_T$ and $w_E$ ($w_1 - w_0$) against the various beam positions.\begin{figure}[H]     \centering     \caption{Graph of $w_T$ and $w_E$.}\label{tab:g2}\vspace{-20pt}     \includegraphics[scale=0.6]{G4}     \end{figure}\vspace{-20pt}     The various graphs and trends will be discussed in the Discussion section of this report.     \section{Discussion}     Relevant measurements were kept in mm as this was the standard unit on the dial gauge that monitored deflection. This sustained a uniformity across the experiment and report.     \subsection{Young's Modulus}     The ends of the beams had a displacement of 16.86 mm and 16.94 mm respectively. This is a difference of 0.08 mm. This was not expected seeing as the deflection at both endpoints should have been 0 mm. This discrepancy is most likely due to residual stresses left in the beam after repeated loading. This was easily dealt with in the calculations by averaging the two values to give a value against which the other readings could be calibrated.          There were no 0.5 kg masses available to use for this section of the experiment and thus there is a vacant data point in figure 2 above. The value of displacement for the 0.5 kg quarter-span loading condition (9.8 N total) can be simply read from the graph via extrapolation. This yields a value of approximately 1.65 mm. Or, alternatively the value of 9.81 N could've been subbed into the equation of the line for the Load-Displacement graph and thus $x$ could've been solved for.           \subsection{Four Point Bending}     Max displacement always occured at the midpoint of the beam, regardless of the fact that the point masses were placed at each quarter-span and not the midpoint, this can be proven by differentiating equation (2), on the latter interval, with respect to x and letting the derivative equal to 0. \begin{equation}     \boxed{\frac{dw_T}{dx} = \frac{Pa}{6EI}(3L - 6x)}     \end{equation}     Letting this equation equal to 0, it can be found that $x = \frac{L}{2}$ when $w_T$ is at a maximum.           It was first observed that the beam was not at a constant displacement across it's length, i.e. the calibrated values of $w_0$ increased as one moved from the beam support to it's midpoint. This initial displacement of the beam is due to it's self weight.          The difference in the values of $w_T$ and $w_E$ is due to the beams self weight and the fact that it is not factored into the calculation of $w_T$ whilst it is included in the $w_E$ term, thus there is a difference in the graphs of $w_E$ and $w_T$ figure 3. The difference in $w_E$ and $w_T$ will therefore be approximately equal to the deformation caused by the self weight of the beam.          A clear symmetry was noted in the displacement across the length of the beam for both self-weight and point-mass loaded conditions. This symmetry took the form of a linear change in deflection approaching the midpoint from the right and left hand side. This was as the loads were symmetrically placed about the midpoint.               \section{Conclusion}     \begin{itemize}     \item The value of $E$ was found to be 391 GPa, which is extremely large. From this value, one could conclude the beam to be made of    Tungsten. This a wild guess though seeing as the value of $E$ would decrease greatly upon increasing the dimensions of the beam (see rearranged equation (1)). Thus, while it is possible that the beam material is Tungsten, it could really be a number of other materials.      \item There were very few errors/unexpected values found in the experiment as most values showed expected trends.     \item A linear relationship was found between the applied load and the induced displacement at the midpoint of the beam.     \item It was proven that the maximum displacement in a simply supported beam occurs at the midpoint.     \end{itemize}                              \end{document}


title: Using Springer lncs and biblatex - wrong heading is shown for last page

text: I have a little problem with the Springer `llncs` class and `biblatex`. I use the parameter runninghead with the `llncs` class to show title and page number in the document head. At the last page where the bibliography is printed the header is set by `biblatex`. Means there is an other header as on the other pages. I couldn´t find a solution to solve this problem. When I´m using BibTeX instead of `biblatex` there is no problem. Someone has an idea?               \documentclass[runningheads,a4paper]{llncs}          \usepackage[ngerman]{babel}                         \usepackage[latin1]{inputenc}                     \usepackage[T1]{fontenc}     \usepackage{lmodern}                             \usepackage{microtype}         \usepackage[         style=numeric,          maxnames=1,         bibencoding=latin1,         backend=bibtex8,         defernumbers=true,         hyperref=true,         alldates=long     ]{biblatex}          \setcounter{tocdepth}{3}     \usepackage{graphicx}          \usepackage{url}     \urldef{\mailsa}\path|martin@jena.de|         \newcommand{\keywords}[1]{\par\addvspace\baselineskip     \noindent\keywordname\enspace\ignorespaces#1}          \begin{filecontents}{bachelorarbeit_lit.bib}     @ONLINE{java96,         author = {{Sun Microsystems}},         title = {JavaSoft ships Java 1.0},         year = {1996},         month = {1},         url = {http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0EIN/is_1996_Jan_23/ai_17853565/?tag=content;col1},         urldate = {2011-03-02},         sortname = {Sun},         keywords = {www}     }     \end{filecontents}          \bibliography{bachelorarbeit_lit}          \begin{document}          \mainmatter  % start of an individual contribution          % first the title is needed     \title{Social Media:\\     Schutzmaßnahmen für die eigenen Daten}          % a short form should be given in case it is too long for the running head     \titlerunning{Social Media: Schutzmaßnahmen für die eigenen Daten}          \author{Martin%     \thanks{Die vorliegende Arbeit wurde im Rahmen der Veranstaltung \enquote{Web-Security} verfasst.}%     }     %     \authorrunning{Social Media: Schutzmaßnahmen für die eigenen Daten}          \institute{Fakultät für Mathematik und Informatik\\     Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena\\     Carl-Zeiß-Straße 3, 07743 Jena, Deutschland\\     \mailsa\\     }          \toctitle{}     \tocauthor{}     \maketitle          \begin{abstract}     The abstract should summarize the contents of the paper and should     contain at least 70 and at most 150 words. It should be written using the     \emph{abstract} environment.     \keywords{Social Media, Social Network, Schutzmaßnahmen für die eigenen Daten}     \end{abstract}          \section{Test}     Test TestTestTestTestTestTestTestTestTestTestTestTestTest     TestTestTestTestTestTestTestTestTestTestTestTestTestTestT     estTestTestTestTestTestTestTestTestTestTestTest     Test TestTestTestTestTestTestTestTestTestTestTestTestTest     TestTestTestTestTestTestTestTestTestTestTestTestTestTest     TestTestTestTestTestTestTestTestTestTestTestTest     Test TestTestTestTestTestTestTestTestTestTestTestTestTest     TestTestTestTestTestTestTestTestTestTestTestTestTestTest     TestTestTestTestTestTestTestTestTestTestTestTest     Test TestTestTestTestTestTestTestTestTestTestTestTestTest     TestTestTestTestTestTestTestTestTestTestTestTestTestTestT     estTestTestTestTestTestTestTestTestTestTestTest     Test TestTestTestTestTestTestTestTestTestTestTestTestTest     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title: Underline a section header the full width of the page

text: How do I get a full page width underline or bottom-border on a section title? At the moment I'm using               \usepackage{sectsty}       \sectionfont{\normalfont\sffamily\large\underline\bfseries\color{orange}}      but that only underlines the text. I want the line to stretch the entire width of the page. Can I do it in the font definition or do I have to play with the rendering of `\section`?


title: note move from right to down

text: There is a project ubuntu-manual.   Result of PDF here.   But note are of right.   How is this note move from right to down? ![For Example](http://i.stack.imgur.com/AlkJo.png) Thanks!


title: LaTeX for Microsoft Surface

text: I have my new Microsoft Surface and I was wondering whether it's possible to install pieces of software like MikTeX and TexMaker on this tablet. Does anyone know?


title: How to draw and insert a symbol in TikZ

text: I want to make a symbol as shown below in TikZ.               \documentclass{standalone}     \usepackage{tikz}     \begin{document}          \begin{tikzpicture}         \draw[thick] (0,0) rectangle (3,1);         \draw[thick] (0.5,0) -- (0.5,1);         \draw[thick] (0.5,0.5) -- (3.5,0.5);         \draw[thick] (0.25,0) -- +(0,-0.3);         \draw[thick] (2.75,0) -- +(0,-0.3);     \end{tikzpicture}     \end{document}      ![enter image description here](http://i.stack.imgur.com/Nyuae.jpg) I need to insert it (say **cylinder** ) in TikZ codes, like so:               \draw[cylinder] (2,2); % this inserts the symbol at point (2,2)


title: Figure numbering with section number, problem with subfigure

text: I changed my figure numbering to section-style numbering for my thesis:               \numberwithin{figure}{section}      That's fine, but the only problem that remains in the following MWE:               \documentclass[english,12pt]{article}     \usepackage{float}     \usepackage{subfigure}          \begin{document}           \begin{figure}[H]     \centering     \subfigure[First temperature cycle. We measured additionally at +1$^{\circ}$C.]{     \includegraphics[width=0.98\textwidth]{./figures/mu_vs_v_1st.pdf}     \label{fig:mu_vs_v_1st}     }\\     \subfigure[Second temperature cycle. Note the difference to the first cycle of     1$^{\circ}$C in the highest temperature measured.]{     \includegraphics[width=0.98\textwidth]{./figures/mu_vs_v_2nd.pdf}     \label{fig:mu_vs_v_2nd}     }     \label{fig:mu_vs_v}     \end{figure}          \end{document}      Here I get the section style numbering for the figure as a whole (Fig. 5.3 - the figure being the third one in Section 5) but I get Fig. 7(a) and 7(b) for referral straight to the subfigures (the figure being the seventh in the whole thesis). What should I change to get Fig. 5.3(a) and 5.3(b) for the subfigures as well? Thanks in advance!


title: Beamercolortheme: How to set default color for all verbatim?

text: I want to change the color of _all_ verbatim text in an existing beamer presentation. How do I do this easily? I know how to use colored verbatim text in general, and I found a lot of suggestions here either for defining colored verbatim environments, but this does not help me: the existing presentation uses plain `\verb` and `verbatim`\- and `semiverbatim`-envrionments. It does not use `fancyvrb` or such. I do not want to go through the entire presentation (a whole lecture) and change every single verbatim command, just to change the color of the presented code fragments. I would simply like verbatim text to have a different color, just like all math can be defined to have a different color to mark that it is math.


title: titling's \thetitle, \theauthor and \thedate don't work

text: I was trying to use `\thetitle`, `\theauthor` and `\thedate` of the `titling` package, but none of them worked. MWE: ~~               \documentclass{article}          \usepackage{titling}          \begin{document}     \thetitle \theauthor \thedate     \end{document}      ~~ (updated MWE see below) returns three errors:               ! Undefined control sequence.     l.6 \thetitle                   \theauthor \thedate          ! Undefined control sequence.     l.6 \thetitle \theauthor                              \thedate          ! Undefined control sequence.     l.6 \thetitle \theauthor \thedate I'm using MiKTeX 2.9 (pdfTeX 1.40.12) with the most up-to-date version of `titling`, here's the `\listfiles` output:                *File List*      article.cls    2007/10/19 v1.4h Standard LaTeX document class       size10.clo    2007/10/19 v1.4h Standard LaTeX file (size option)      titling.sty    2009/09/04 v2.1d maketitle typesetting * * * ## Edit: Obviously, and stupidly, I forgot to define `\title`, `\author` and `\date` in above MWE. This wasn't the problem in my original document, though. The complete MWE (that still produces the same errors) would've looked like like this:               \documentclass{article}          \author{John Doe}     \title{Foo Bar}     \date{\today}          \usepackage{titling}          \begin{document}     \thetitle \theauthor \thedate     \end{document}


title: How to shift a subtree of a tikz tree horizontally

text: how can I shift a subtree of a `tikz`tree/qtree to the right without affecting the rest of the tree? Consider the following tree:               \documentclass[tikz]{standalone}          \usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}     \usepackage{tikz}     \usepackage{tikz-qtree}     \usetikzlibrary{shapes, trees}          \begin{document}          \begin{tikzpicture}[       font=\footnotesize,       edge from parent/.style={draw, edge from parent fork down},       frontier/.style={distance from root=250},       level distance=25,       phrase/.style={draw, ellipse},       function/.style={draw, rectangle}       ]       \Tree         [.\node[phrase] {S};           [.\node[function] {SB}; Tim ]           [.\node[function] {HD}; wurde ]           [.\node[function] {OC};             [.\node[phrase] {VP};               [.\node[function] {SBP};                 [.\node[phrase] {PP};                   [.\node[function] {AC}; von ]                   [.\node[function] {NK};                   [.\node[phrase] {NP};                     [.\node[function] {NK}; den ]                     [.\node[function] {NK}; Hunden ]                     [.\node[function] {RC};                       [.\node[phrase] {S};                         [.\node[function] {SB}; ,die ]                         [.\node[function] {MO}; laut ]                         [.\node[function] {HD}; bellten. ]                       ]                     ]                   ]                 ]               ]             ]             [.\node[function] {HD}; erschreckt ]           ]         ]       ]     \end{tikzpicture}     \end{document}      In the end the `HD>erschreckt` has to go between the `NK>Hunden` and the `RC subtree`, i. e. branches have to intersect. I understand that this is not possible within a `tikz` tree. I could leave the `HD>erschreckt` out of the `tikz` tree and draw it later on. However that would require the `RC subtree` to be shifted to the right to make room for the drawing of the `HD>erschreckt`. And that is where I am stuck. A `[missing]` node between the `NK>Hunden` and the `RC subtree` does cause the right shift of the `RC subtree` but also shifts the `NK>den` and `NK>Hunden` to the left, so that does not seem to be an option. So again: How can I shift the `RC subtree` to the right without affecting the rest of the tree? (Bonus points for making the intersection visually unambiguous.) Thank you for your help


title: How can I left align my signature in a resume written in the res class?

text: I want to add a signature at the end of my resume which I wrote in in the `res` class (with the `margin` option). How can I achieve this? Here is my minimal working example:               \documentclass[margin, 10pt]{res}      \usepackage{helvet}      \setlength{\textwidth}{5.1in}           \begin{document}     \moveleft.5\hoffset\centerline{\large\bf John Smith} % Your name at the top          \moveleft\hoffset\vbox{\hrule width\resumewidth height 1pt}\smallskip           \moveleft.5\hoffset\centerline{123 Broadway}      \moveleft.5\hoffset\centerline{City, State 12345}     \moveleft.5\hoffset\centerline{(000) 111-1111 or (111) 111-1112}          \begin{resume}          \section{EDUCATION}          {\sl Bachelor of Science,} Interdisciplinary Science \\     Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, expected December 1990 \\     Concentration: Computer Science \\     Minor: Management          \end{resume}     \end{document}      My problem is that, when I try to embed my signature after `\end{resume}`, then it isn't fully on the left side.


title: Multiple references in one superscript citation

text: I want to make a bibliography like this. With one citation in superscript I want to link to the list Reference 1. With the second citation to Reference 2 and so on. And in each chapter the reference numeration should begin again from 1. Thanks. ![enter image description here](http://i.stack.imgur.com/kTPz6.png) Edit: Here is a minimal working example. You have to run this code with LaTeX, then with BIBTeX, then the EA01.tex file with LaTeX, and then again the first one with LaTeX.               \begin{filecontents}{EA01.tex}     \documentclass{article}     \usepackage{fancyhdr,lipsum}     \pagestyle{fancy}     \fancyhead{}     \fancyfoot{}     \fancyhead[C]{Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes $\bullet$ 2001 $\bullet$ 109 Suppl 2:S122-34}     \fancyfoot[RO,LE]{\thepage}          \title{Integration of biochemical and physiologic effects of insulin on glucose     metabolism}     \author{Newsholme EA\\     Merton College, Oxford, United Kingdom     \and Dimitriadis G.}     \date{}          \begin{document}     \maketitle     \thispagestyle{fancy}     \begin{abstract}     \lipsum     \end{abstract}     \lipsum     \end{document}     \end{filecontents}          \begin{filecontents}{biblio.bib}     @Article{EA01,     author = {E. A. Newsholme and G. Dimitriadis},     title = {\href{run:EA01.pdf}{Integration of biochemical and physiologic effects of insulin on glucose metabolism}},     journal = {Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology \& Diabetes},     year = {2001},     volume = {109 Suppl 2},     pages = {S122-34},     note = {Review}}     \end{filecontents}          \documentclass{book}     \usepackage[pagebackref,colorlinks]{hyperref}     \hypersetup{pdfnewwindow}     \usepackage[super]{natbib}     \usepackage{filecontents}     \begin{document}     \mainmatter     I want this cite \cite{EA01} to link a list of references, as seen in the picture.     \bibliographystyle{plain}     \bibliography{biblio}     \end{document}


title: How do I evenly fill the background color of a block of elements inside a TikZ matrix?

text: When I fill each element separately of the blocks that I want to highlight, the PDF output shows very small white spaces in between the backgrounds of the separate matrix elements inside the highlighted blocks. It is annoying. What can I do about it? It is the color `blue!10` that I wish to apply evenly over multiple elements. Here is the code.               \documentclass{article}     \usepackage{tikz}     \usetikzlibrary{matrix}          \begin{document}     \begin{tikzpicture}[row 2 column 3/.style=red, fill=green]     \matrix[left delimiter=(,right delimiter=)] (magic) [matrix of nodes]     {     |[fill=blue!10]|1 & |[fill=blue!10]|0 & |[fill=blue!10]|1 & |[fill=blue!10]|0 & |[fill=blue!10]|1 & |[fill=blue!10]|1 & 0 & 0 & 0\\     |[fill=blue!10]|0 & |[fill=blue!10]|1 & |[fill=blue!10]|0 & |[fill=blue!10]|0 & |[fill=blue!10]|0 & |[fill=blue!10]|0 & 0 & 0 & 0\\     |[fill=blue!10]|0 & |[fill=blue!10]|1 & |[fill=blue!10]|0 & |[fill=blue!10]|0 & |[fill=blue!10]|0 & |[fill=blue!10]|0 & 0 & 0 & 0\\     |[fill=blue!10]|1 & |[fill=blue!10]|0 & |[fill=blue!10]|0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & |[fill=blue!10]|0 & |[fill=blue!10]|1 & |[fill=blue!10]|1\\     |[fill=blue!10]|1 & |[fill=blue!10]|0 & |[fill=blue!10]|0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & |[fill=blue!10]|0 & |[fill=blue!10]|0 & |[fill=blue!10]|1\\     |[fill=blue!10]|0 & |[fill=blue!10]|0 & |[fill=blue!10]|1 & 0 & 0 & 0 & |[fill=blue!10]|1 & |[fill=blue!10]|1 & |[fill=blue!10]|0\\     0 & 0 & 0 & |[fill=blue!10]|0 & |[fill=blue!10]|1 & |[fill=blue!10]|0 & 0 & 0 & 0\\     0 & 0 & 0 & |[fill=blue!10]|0 & |[fill=blue!10]|1 & |[fill=blue!10]|1 & 0 & 0 & 0\\     0 & 0 & 0 & |[fill=blue!10]|0 & |[fill=blue!10]|1 & |[fill=blue!10]|0 & 0 & 0 & 0\\     };     \end{tikzpicture}     \end{document}


title: Customised counter macro in fancyvrb

text: I am using the `fancyvrb` package in `LaTeX2e`. I have chosen to display line numbers as I am displaying some code. (The code I am displaying is Maple, which unfortunately is not supported by the listings package). As some of the lines of my code are too long to fit across the page, I break them manually in my `.tex` file. I place a carriage return character at the end of this manual break to indicate to the reader that this line of code continues on the next line of displayed text. On the next line of text, I place an arrow symbol (left-to- right) to indicate to the reader that this line of text is a continuation of the line of code. (For completeness, the last line of text of such a broken line of code does not contain a carriage return character). In such circumstances (i.e. of these manually-broken lines with explicit break and continuation characters), I would like to write a special numbering macro that appends a lower case letter to the line number assigned, (following an alphabetical sequence starting with `a` ), and ending at the last line of continuation. Following such a broken line of code, the numbering for the next line of code would then resume normally and the lower case letter counter would reset to `a`. I have looked carefully through the `fancyvrb` package documentation but to write such a macro is beyond me. I have also tried to find samples of macros performing similar tasks, however I have been unsuccessful. Any help would be much appreciated(!) Many thanks.


title: How to make a separate toc in appendix

text: I want to have a table of contents in the appendix. My situation looks like this:               --rest of document--          \appendix     \setcounter{secnumdepth}{3}     \chapter{Title of appendix}     \stopcontents     \startcontents[sections]     \printcontents[sections]{ }{3}{}          \addtocontents{toc}{\setcounter{tocdepth}{-1}} % don't want appendix sections in main toc     \thispagestyle{empty}%     \begin{titlepage}          \begin{center}     some text blah blah blah     \end{center}     \end{titlepage}     \section{History}     some more text     \subsection{History2}     some more text 1234     \subsubsection{History3}     \section{Now}          \stopcontents[sections]     \end{document}       What command is used to add table of contents so that it will list sections History, History2, History3 and Now somewhere below the titlepage?


title: Using complicated macro in \thanks command of abstract package

text: The `\saythanks` command chokes when `\thanks` has been called with a macro that takes (and executes!) another macro as argument:               \documentclass[twocolumn,a5paper]{paper}     \usepackage{abstract}          \newcommand\thanksdefiner[1]{}     \newcommand\firstauthorthanks{\thanksdefiner{my thanks}}     \newcommand\extractthanks[1]{%         \renewcommand\thanksdefiner[1]{##1}%         #1     }          \title{Title}     \author{First Author \\Institution \thanks{\extractthanks\firstauthorthanks}}          \begin{document}         \twocolumn[             \maketitle             % need full-width title             \begin{onecolabstract}                 abstract text...             \end{onecolabstract}         ]         \saythanks              % works here:         \extractthanks\firstauthorthanks     \end{document}      The sequence `\extractthanks\firstauthorthanks` expands to `my thanks`, and works when used within the document. Is there any way to call `\thanks` in this setting with a correct result? The definition of "thanks" for the first author               \newcommand\firstauthorthanks{\thanksdefiner{my thanks}}      is provided externally and should not be changed. I have tried using `\DeclareExpandableDocumentCommand` to declare `\extractthanks`, without success. What kind of treatment would `\firstauthorthanks` require so that it can be passed safely as argument to `\thanks`?


title: Customized template for beamer

text: I'm a convinced `beamer` user, but in my institute they ask me to follow some template (of course prepared with PowerPoint). I would like to mimic it as much as possible with `beamer`, because otherwise I'm afraid I will have to use PowerPoint. However, I think that setting up `beamer` would require extensive knowledge of how `beamer` and `pgf` work internally, which is something I unfortunately lack right now. I attach a couple of snapshots of the title and the regular slides with the hope that some expert can give some advice on how to proceed. The image in the top and the logo are images I have, of course. The problem are the blue squares and the lack of sectioning … ![enter image description here](http://i.stack.imgur.com/wF0Pz.png) ![enter image description here](http://i.stack.imgur.com/BUlUm.png)


title: Manually break biblatex entry like date or number

text: I am running Biblatex with Biber and TexnicCenter with Miktex. How do I manually break the date or put it on the next line if it is at the end of an entry (ISO 8601, has to be broken or on a new line)? Same goes for the number for patents? In this MWE the patent number does not break, but in my main document the main issue is with the date, e. g. 2014-06-16. Thank you very much! Edit: Made the outer margin a bit larger and added two examples.               \documentclass[12pt,a4paper,draft]{scrartcl}                  \usepackage[ngerman]{babel}     \usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}     \usepackage[T1]{fontenc}          \usepackage{geometry}     \geometry{a4paper, top=29mm, inner=30mm, outer=25mm, bottom=30mm,     headsep=8.9mm, footskip=13.8mm}          \usepackage{csquotes}     \usepackage{microtype}     \usepackage{textcomp}     \PassOptionsToPackage{hyphens}{url}\usepackage[breaklinks]{hyperref}     \usepackage[backend=biber,                             style=numeric-comp,                              sorting=none,                             maxnames=3,                             minnames=3,                             language=ngerman,                             hyperref=true,                             date=iso8601,                             arxiv=ps,                             texencoding=utf8,                             bibencoding=utf8,                             firstinits=true,                             terseinits=false,                             useprefix=true,                             ]{biblatex}               \addbibresource{Literatur.bib}     \DeclareFieldFormat[article,inbook,incollection,inproceedings,patent,unpublished]{title}{#1}     \DeclareFieldFormat[thesis,book,inproceedings,patent]{title}{\emph{#1}}          \begin{document}          \cite{PatentLeistungsschutzschalter, FGLBeispielAntenne, FGLBeispielChirugie}                 \printbibliography          \end{document}                    @Patent{PatentLeistungsschutzschalter,       Title                    = {Leitungsschutzschalter},       Author                   = {{BBC Brown Boveri Cie, Niemeyer, L.}},       Date                     = {1979-11-05},       Number                   = {DE2944579A1},       Type                     = {Patentschrift},     }          @Online{FGLBeispielChirugie,       Title                    = {Nitinol Führungsdrähte für PiCCO-Katheter},       Author                   = {{Pulsion Medical Systems}},       Date                     = {2013-07-05},       Url                      = {http://www3.pulsion.de/fileadmin/pulsion_share/Products_Flyer/Nitinol_Anwenderinfo_D_MPI700400_R02_030708.pdf},     }          @Online{FGLBeispielAntenne,       Title                    = {Leitfaden für HF-Entwickler - Antennenmaterial},       Author                   = {{Circuit Design GmbH}},       Date                     = {2013-07-05},       Url                      = {http://www.circuitdesign.de/products/tech_info/guide3.asp},     }


title: a table with cell \pm another cell using pgfplotstable

text: Say, i have a text file               10.0123235 5.0234324     11.2342345 6.02343256      where the first column is value and the second is a standard deviation. I am trying to figure out how to automatically put it into a table with `\pm` sign using pgfplotstable? So what i want to be in table is `$10\pm5$` and `$11\pm6$`. Should be something in style like               \pgfplotstabletypeset[         columns={0},         columns/0/.style={              column name={$value$},              postproc cell content/.style={                   @cell content=##0$\pm$##1              }         }        ]...      but it does not work... **UPDATE** : here is a minimal LaTeX example:               \documentclass{article}     \usepackage{pgfplots}     \pgfplotsset{compat=newest}     \pagestyle{empty}     \usepackage{pgfplotstable}     \usepackage{array}     \usepackage{colortbl}     \usepackage{booktabs}     \usepackage{eurosym}     \usepackage{amsmath}     \usepackage{pgfplotstable}     \begin{document}     \begin{table}     \pgfplotstabletypeset[         columns={0},         columns/0/.style={              column name={$0$},              postproc cell content/.append style={                /pgfplots/table/@cell content/.add={}{$\pm$ ##2 }             }         }     ]{     10.0123235 & 5.0234324 \\     11.2342345 & 6.02343256     }     \end{table}     \end{document}      **UPDATE2** : almost working example, the question is : how to control precision in numbers?               \documentclass{article}     \usepackage{pgfplots}     \pgfplotsset{compat=newest}     \pagestyle{empty}     \usepackage{pgfplotstable}     \usepackage{array}     \usepackage{colortbl}     \usepackage{booktabs}     \usepackage{eurosym}     \usepackage{amsmath}     \usepackage{pgfplotstable}     \begin{document}          \pgfplotstableread{     10.0123235  5.0234324      11.2342345  6.02343256     }\loadedtable          \pgfplotstablecreatecol[        create col/assign/.code={%              \getthisrow{0}\entry              \getthisrow{1}\dev              \edef\entry{\entry$\pm$\dev}%              \pgfkeyslet{/pgfplots/table/create col/next content}\entry        }]       {new}\loadedtable          \begin{table}     \pgfplotstabletypeset[         columns={new},         columns/new/.style={              string type,              column name={$new$},         }     ]\loadedtable     \end{table}     \end{document}      UPDATE3: I found a nice topic on printing complex numbers. It is actually very similar to what i want to achieve... Trying to bend their result to my needs...


title: How to create glossary entry with link to glossary and appearance in footnote?

text: I want   * each "first-time-used" glossary entry to appear in the footnote with its description and   * each "used" entry (the short term) being linked to the entry with its description in the glossary. I achieved the first point, but the second one is not always working properly. I have to "play" with the loading order of "hyperref" and "glossaries" to make it work. The problem is, that the links only work if the package "hyperref" is loaded **before** the package "glossaries". I read everywhere, that hyperref must be loaded as the last package, so I am not sure, if I did this right. **Does there exist a better way to achieve my requirements?** I am using miktex 2.9 and my document type is "scrreprt". This is the way how I refer to the glossaries-package:               \usepackage     [   nonumberlist,         toc,         footnote,         acronymlists={main}     ]{glossaries}                            \newglossary[slg]{symbolslist}{syi}{syg}{Symbolverzeichnis}      \renewcommand*{\glspostdescription}{}      \makeglossaries          \def\theglossary{%         \@ifundefined{chapter}{\section}{\chapter}{\nomname}%         \nompreamble         \list{}{%         \labelwidth\nom@tempdim     }}          \printglossary[style=altlist,title=Glossar]      This is one of my glossary-entries:               \newglossaryentry{gloss:ACM}{name=ACM, first={Adaptive Case Management (ACM)}, description={\textbf{A}daptive \textbf{C}ase \textbf{M}anagement tries to... (my description).}}      This is how I refer to the hyperref-package:               \usepackage[         pdfpagelabels,         bookmarksopen,         pdfstartview={FitV},         plainpages=false,         breaklinks=true,         linkbordercolor={1 1 1},         citebordercolor={1 1 1},         urlbordercolor={1 1 1}     ]{hyperref}       Thanks in advance for hints and ideas,   Timo


title: how to draw arrow that looks like the symbol "\leadsto" in latex?

text: please refer to the answer of how to draw a process flow figure? Now I what to change all arrows look like `\leadsto` in latex, you are refer to the picture   ![enter image description here](http://i.stack.imgur.com/prSUU.jpg) I can not find it in the manual, would someone know how to do it? Please help me.                \documentclass[a4paper,12pt]{article}         \usepackage{tikz}         \usetikzlibrary{trees}              \tikzset{level 1/.style={level distance=1.5cm, sibling distance=3.5cm}}         \tikzset{level 2/.style={level distance=1.5cm, sibling distance=2cm}}              \tikzset{bag/.style={text width=20em, text centered,yshift=-0.2cm}}              \begin{document}         \begin{tikzpicture}[grow=down, -stealth]         \node[bag]{$(B)$}              child{ edge from parent node[right]{t}; \node[bag]{$(Rgood)$}                     child{ edge from parent node[right]{and}; \node[bag]{$(and)$}                             child[missing]                             child{ edge from parent node[right=0.1cm]{it}; \node[bag]{$(path1)$}}                             child{ edge from parent node[right=0.1cm]{else}; \node[bag]{$(path2)$}}                     }             };         \end{tikzpicture}              \end{document}


title: librement.sty for standalone latex documents

text: I am new to latex, and I love the template that was used for creating the Debian Administrators Book The authors use a latex style `librement.sty` (in the sources `dblatex/librement.sty`). Is it possible to use this in a standalone latex doc to create new documents? Some people have already asked, and it seems that some changes will be needed, but I was wondering how much knowledge I would need of latex to do this (I am novice). Has anyone already done it and could post the changes needed? The Git repository:               $ git clone git://anonscm.debian.org/debian-handbook/debian-handbook.git


title: Vertical centered image in cell

text: Consider following code:               \documentclass[a4paper]{article}          \usepackage[table]{xcolor}     \usepackage{graphicx}          \paperheight297mm     \paperwidth210mm          \textheight297mm     \textwidth180mm          \topmargin-25.4mm     \voffset0in     \oddsidemargin-17.5mm     \evensidemargin-17.5mm     \hoffset0in          \marginparsep0in     \marginparwidth0in          \headheight0in     \headsep0in          \begin{document}          \rowcolors{1}{green}{pink}          \begin{table}     \begin{tabular}{p{60mm} p{60mm} p{60mm}}     \includegraphics[height=40mm]{test.png} & 2 & 3 \\[50.8mm]     \includegraphics[height=40mm]{test.png} & 2 & 3 \\[50.8mm]     \includegraphics[height=40mm]{test.png} & 2 & 3 \\[50.8mm]     \includegraphics[height=40mm]{test.png} & 2 & 3 \\[50.8mm]     \includegraphics[height=40mm]{test.png} & 2 & 3 \\[50.8mm]     \end{tabular}     \end{table}          \end{document}      The images are changing the height of the cells. How can I prevent this and how can I vertically center the images? * * *               \documentclass[a4paper]{article}          \usepackage[table]{xcolor}     \usepackage{calc}          \usepackage[top=0pt,bottom=0pt,textwidth=180mm]{geometry}          \begin{document}          \rowcolors{1}{green}{pink}          \begin{table}     \begin{tabular}{*{3}{p{60mm-2\tabcolsep}}}     \raisebox{-.5\height}{\includegraphics[height=40mm,width=50mm]{logo}} & 2 & 3 \\     \end{tabular}     \end{table}          \end{document}      Your code ends in an error:               ! Undefined control sequence.<argument>      \includegraphics[height=40mm,width=50mm]{logo} ...udegraphics[height=40mm,width=50mm]{logo}}


title: AucTeX and Chapterbib

text: Executing BibTeX via Auctex (RefTeX) in emacs (24.2.1) only creates a `.bbl` file for the master file in a multifile document. Yet, if one wants bibliographies for each chapter, BibTeX has to be run on each `.aux` file seperately. Is there a hidden option in Auctex (RefTeX) that activates this feature? In the minimal example attached, only a `.bbl` file for `main.tex` is generated, but not for `incl.tex` and `incl2.tex`. Copying `main.bbl` to `incl.bbl` and `incl2.bbl` resolves the situation and both the citations and bibliographies can be found in the document. TeX distro version: texlive 2012 RefTeX version: 4.31 **main.tex**               \documentclass{book}     \usepackage[round,sort&compress]{natbib}     \usepackage[sectionbib]{chapterbib}          \begin{document}          \include{incl}     \include{incl2}          \end{document}               %%% Local Variables:      %%% mode: latex     %%% TeX-master: t     %%% End:       **incl.tex**               \chapter{chap 1}          \input{inp}          \bibliographystyle{plainnat}     \bibliography{testbib} % BibTeX-File(s)               %%% Local Variables:      %%% mode: latex     %%% TeX-master: "main"     %%% End:       **inp.tex**               \section{sect1}          some text and a ref: \cite{test_01}     %%% Local Variables:      %%% mode: latex     %%% TeX-master: "main"     %%% End:      **incl2.tex**               \chapter{chap 2}     \section{sect1}          some text in chap2  and same ref: \cite{test_01}          \bibliographystyle{plainnat}     \bibliography{testbib} % BibTeX-File(s)          %%% Local Variables:      %%% mode: latex     %%% TeX-master: "main"     %%% End:       **testbib.bib**               @book{test_01,         title = {Test},         publisher = {Test},         author = {Adam Smith},         year = {1982}     }


title: How do I remove unnecessary spacing before and after a table?

text: Example:               Let A = \{$\alpha$,$\beta$,$\psi$\} be a set operates on $\star$ then          \begin{table}     \centering     \begin{tabular}{l|lll}     \textbf{$\star$} & \textbf{$\alpha$} & \textbf{$\beta$} &\textbf{$\gamma$}\\     \hline     $\alpha$ & $\alpha$ & $\alpha$ & $\alpha$ \\     $\beta$  & $\beta$  & $\beta$  & $\beta$  \\     $\gamma$ & $\gamma$ & $\gamma$ & $\gamma$ \\     \end{tabular}     \end{table}          Further text.      I want to remove unnecessary extra spacing before and after the table.


title: Why doesn't the calc package work?

text:
I'm trying to span two column in table (using `xtabular`) by the following command:               \multicolumn{2}{|p{(\linewidth-\tabcolsep*2-\arrayrulewidth*1)*2/2}|}      The package `calc` must calculate this equation:               \linewidth-\tabcolsep*2-\arrayrulewidth*1)*2/2      but I get a compile error: > Missing number, treated as zero. Even simple operation isn't calculated:               \arrayrulewidth*1      I use doxygen documentation and I create tables with HTML tags. This TeX table generated by doxygen:               \begin{TabularC}{2}     \hline     \multicolumn{2}{|p{(\linewidth-\tabcolsep*2-\arrayrulewidth*1)*2/2}|}{Environment  }\\\cline{1-2}     Gravity acceleration &0.\-0  \\\cline{1-2}     Water depth &0.\-0  \\\cline{1-2}     Water density &0.\-0  \\\cline{1-2}     Wave frequencies &$<$empty$>$  \\\cline{1-2}     \end{TabularC}      And TabularC definition:               \newcommand{\PBS}[1]{\let\temp=\\#1\let\\=\temp}%     \newlength{\tmplength}%     \newenvironment{TabularC}[1]%     {%     \setlength{\tmplength}%          {\linewidth/(#1)-\tabcolsep*2-\arrayrulewidth*(#1+1)/(#1)}%           \par\begin{xtabular*}{\linewidth}%                  {*{#1}{|>{\PBS\raggedright\hspace{0pt}}p{\the\tmplength}}|}%     }%     {\end{xtabular*}\par}%      Table in HTML:

       Environment

       Gravity acceleration	       0.0

       Water depth	       0.0

       Water density	       0.0

       Wave frequencies	       <empty>

      Command `\multicolumn` generated from `colspan`.


title: after using \def I cannot use math formula

text: This is what I type in:               exist         f(x) - f(a) = \(frac{f(x) - f(a)}{(x - a)}\)       \def\lim {$lim_{x \to a}$}         \lim[f(x) - f(a)] = \lim $frac{f(x) - f(a)}{x - a}$(x-a)         \\* = \lim $frac{f(x) - f(a)}{x - a}$ X \lim (x - a)         \\* = f'(a) $bullet$ 0 = 0      After I use `\def` I can't use math formula any more, such as `$frac{f(x) - f(a)}{x - a}$` Should I change anything?? Thanks


title: Ordinal date in section

text: \monthname[10] \ordinaldate{10}      produces `October 10th`, as expected. But once I put it into a section, I get this error:               ! Argument of \@ordinalnum has an extra }.     <inserted text>                      \par      l.11 \section*{\monthname[10] \ordinaldate{10}}      What is happening and why? **EDIT** Though               \section*{\monthname[10] \protect\ordinaldate{10}}      works just fine for displaying the date like I want to, I suddenly get a new error from the main file that I am including this `2006-10.tex` file from:               ! Extra \else.     \@include ...ediate \closeout \@partaux \fi \else                                                        \deadcycles \z@ \@nameuse ...     l.89 \include{Years/2006-10}      I am not using `\if` or `\else` statements anywhere in either the main document, or this included document. The error goes away if I remove `\protect\ordinaldate{10}`. Weirdly enough, adding other things like `\protect\dayofweekname{10}{10}{2006}` doesn't produce such an error. Only putting in `\protect\ordinaldate{10}` causes the include error. **EDIT 2** `\protect\ordinalnum{10}` doesn't cause such an error, despite `\protect\ordinaldate{10}` doing so, so I guess I will just use `\ordinalnum` for now


title: Excessive fields in biblatex chicago author-date style

text: I am trying to produce simple latex document with bibliography, generated from Zotero (export in `biblatex`, "ISO Western 8859-1" encoding). For bibliography I use `biblatex` with `biber` as backend and try to implement `biblatex- chicago` `authordate` style. Here is the code:               \documentclass[11pt]{article}     \usepackage[hmargin=3cm,vmargin=3cm]{geometry}     \usepackage{setspace}     \usepackage{amssymb}     \usepackage{amsmath}     \usepackage{amsthm}     \usepackage{booktabs}     \usepackage{graphicx}     \usepackage{enumitem}     \usepackage{cancel}     \usepackage{soul}     \usepackage[authordate,backend=biber,bookpages=false,doi=false,isbn=false,url=false]                        {biblatex-chicago}     \usepackage{hyperref}     \addbibresource{Example.bib}     \hypersetup{pdfstartview={XYZ null null 1.25}}     \singlespace     \AtEveryBibitem{\clearlist{language}}                    \begin{document}          \title{\textbf{Example}\\\emph{Example}: Example}     \author{Example}     \date{}          \maketitle     \section{Example}               Example \parencite{benoit_institutional_2004}. Example by \textcite{benoit_models_2004}.          Examples \parencites{myagkov_forensics_2009}{enikolopov_field_2013}. Examples         \parencites{gandhi_cooperation_2006}{gandhi_authoritarian_2007} especially example  \parencite{levitsky_rise_2002}. \citeauthor{simpser_why_2013}'s (\citeyear{simpser_why_2013}) example.          According to \citeauthor{benoit_institutional_2004}'s (\citeyear{benoit_institutional_2004}) example.          \printbibliography          \end{document}      Here is the .bib database:               @article{enikolopov_field_2013,     title = {Field experiment estimate of electoral fraud in Russian parliamentary elections},     volume = {110},     issn = {0027-8424, 1091-6490},     url = {http://www.pnas.org/content/110/2/448},     doi = {10.1073/pnas.1206770110},     language = {en},     issue = {2},     pages = {448-452},     journaltitle = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},     shortjournal = {{PNAS}},     author = {Enikolopov, Ruben and Korovkin, Vasily and Petrova, Maria and Sonin, Konstantin and Zakharov, Alexei},     urldate = {2013-10-28},     date = {2013},     keywords = {authoritarian politics, nondemocratic government}     }          @book{simpser_why_2013,     title = {Why governments and parties manipulate elections theory, practice, and implications},     isbn = {9781107306882  1107306884  9781107314634  1107314631  9781139343824  1139343823},     language = {English},     publisher = {Cambridge University Press},     author = {Simpser, Alberto},     date = {2013}     }          @book{myagkov_forensics_2009,     title = {The Forensics of Election Fraud: Russia and Ukraine},     isbn = {9780521764704},     shorttitle = {The Forensics of Election Fraud},     language = {en},     publisher = {Cambridge University Press},     author = {Myagkov, Mikhail and Ordeshook, Peter C. and Shakin, Dimitri},     date = {2009},     keywords = {Law / Forensic Science, Political Science / Comparative Politics, Political Science / General, Political Science / Political Process / Elections, Reference / Research}     }          @article{gandhi_cooperation_2006,     title = {Cooperation, Cooptation, and Rebellion Under Dictatorships},     volume = {18},     issn = {1468-0343},     url = {http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1468-0343.2006.00160.x/abstract},     doi = {10.1111/j.1468-0343.2006.00160.x},     language = {en},     issue = {1},     pages = {1-26},     journaltitle = {Economics \& Politics},     author = {Gandhi, Jennifer and Przeworski, Adam},     urldate = {2013-10-28},     date = {2006}     }          @article{gandhi_authoritarian_2007,     title = {Authoritarian Institutions and the Survival of Autocrats},     volume = {40},     issn = {0010-4140, 1552-3829},     url = {http://cps.sagepub.com/content/40/11/1279},     doi = {10.1177/0010414007305817},     language = {en},     issue = {11},     pages = {1279-1301},     journaltitle = {Comparative Political Studies},     shortjournal = {Comparative Political Studies},     author = {Gandhi, Jennifer and Przeworski, Adam},     urldate = {2013-10-28},     date = {2007-11-01},     keywords = {Authoritarianism, autocracy, Dictatorship, leaders, survival}     }          @article{benoit_institutional_2004,     title = {Institutional Change and Persistence: The Evolution of Poland's Electoral System, 1989-2001},     volume = {66},     issn = {1468-2508},     url = {http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1468-2508.2004.00157.x/abstract},     doi = {10.1111/j.1468-2508.2004.00157.x},     shorttitle = {Institutional Change and Persistence},     language = {en},     issue = {2},     pages = {396-427},     journaltitle = {Journal of Politics},     author = {Benoit, Kenneth and Hayden, Jacqueline},     urldate = {2013-10-28},     date = {2004}     }          @article{benoit_models_2004,     title = {Models of electoral system change},     volume = {23},     issn = {0261-3794},     url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0261379403000209},     doi = {10.1016/S0261-3794(03)00020-9},     issue = {3},     pages = {363-389},     journaltitle = {Electoral Studies},     shortjournal = {Electoral Studies},     author = {Benoit, Kenneth},     urldate = {2013-10-28},     date = {2004-09},     keywords = {Electoral systems, Institutional change, Institutional origins}     }          @article{benoit_electoral_2007,     title = {Electoral Laws as Political Consequences: Explaining the Origins and Change of Electoral Institutions},     volume = {10},     issn = {1094-2939, 1545-1577},     url = {http://www.annualreviews.org/eprint/Ha2R36zNUCxGX2yWZGwX/full/10.1146/annurev.polisci.10.072805.101608},     doi = {10.1146/annurev.polisci.10.072805.101608},     shorttitle = {Electoral Laws as Political Consequences},     issue = {1},     pages = {363-390},     journaltitle = {Annual Review of Political Science},     author = {Benoit, Kenneth},     urldate = {2013-10-28},     date = {2007-06}     }          @article{levitsky_rise_2002,     title = {The Rise of Competitive Authoritarianism},     volume = {13},     issn = {1086-3214},     url = {http://muse.jhu.edu/login?auth=0&type=summary&url=/journals/journal_of_democracy/v013/13.2levitsky.html},     doi = {10.1353/jod.2002.0026},     issue = {2},     pages = {51-65},     journaltitle = {Journal of Democracy},     author = {Levitsky, Steven and Way, Lucan},     urldate = {2013-10-28},     date = {2002}     }      Here is the output: ![enter image description here](http://i.stack.imgur.com/2vFlD.png) The main problem I have is excessive fields. For example, in the output above I have "Accessed date" [from `urldate` filed in .bib file], and I cannot eliminate it, say, in the same way I eliminated language of publication. Neither of suggestions from Guidelines for customizing biblatex styles can do the trick:                   \AtEveryBibitem{\clearname{urldate}}         \AtEveryBibitem{\clearlist{urldate}}         \AtEveryBibitem{\clearfield{urldate}}      Moreover, I would need this field for online materials, so I need a different solution. I had similar problems with other fields, which I just had to eliminate from the .bib database. For example, articles from PNAS have PMID number, which was printed in the bibliography even with                eprint=false      in the preamble. What I am doing wrong? I know experts here could write a complicated code to solve this particular problem, but maybe somebody knows how to do it using the options provided in `biblatex` or `biblatex-chicago`?


title: Venn diagrams overlapping color filling

text: Further on the posted question about Venn diagrams for fuzzy logic in TikZ, I have edited this `tikzpicture`into a "customized version". My aim is--> ## a) To get a first diagram with both gaussian curves as in the MWE below, with a second diagram displaying the centers of the curves closer to each other, thus showing more overlap. The color of the first gaussian curve (uncertainty) should be brown and the second (risk) should be cyan. ## b) To have the color **of this overlap** as a hatch; displaying a thin hatch of cyan and then again a thin brown hatch. In my MWE, the color of the overlap area is darker already, but not pronounced enough. Note: The brown is identified with the `shade` in the MWE below, the cyan is similar. ## Here the MWE:               \documentclass{book}     \usepackage{tikz}     \usepackage{pgfplots}     \usetikzlibrary{shapes,fadings,patterns}          \begin{document}          \pgfmathdeclarefunction{gauss}{2}{%     \pgfmathparse{1/(#2*sqrt(2*pi))*exp(-((x-#1)^2)/(2*#2^2))}%     }     \pgfplotsset{     xticklabels=\empty,     yticklabels=\empty,     xtick=\empty,     ytick=\empty,     width=12cm,     height=6.5cm,     every axis plot post/.append style={      shade, top color=white, bottom color=brown!80!black!20, fill opacity=0.6,     mark=none,      domain=-2:3,     samples=50,     smooth     },     ymax=1,     enlargelimits=upper,     }          %\begin{figure}     \begin{tikzpicture}       % 1th diagram     \begin{axis}     \begin{scope}     \clip[] (axis cs:-2,0) rectangle (axis cs:0.5,0.8);     \addplot[fill=black!90!white]{gauss(1,0.5)};     \end{scope}      \begin{scope}     \clip[] (axis cs:0.5,0) rectangle (axis cs:4,0.8);     \addplot[fill=black!90!white]{gauss(0,0.5)};     \end{scope}      \addplot[thick] {gauss(0,0.5)};     \addplot[thick] {gauss(1,0.5)};     \node at (axis cs:-0.3,0.875) {\textsc{uncertainty}};     \node at (axis cs:1.1,0.875) {\textsc{risk}};     \end{axis}     \end{tikzpicture}     \end{document}


title: Need figure to break/ignore page margin (LyX)

text: I'm writing a report in LyX (using a personalized classicthesis-LyX) and I have troubles with my figures. What I want is to **force a figure to break the page margin** in order to center it (without losing readability as consequence of resizing) (see attached picture for pdf output). ![goal](http://i.imgur.com/27SVVDz.png) Rotating the graphic/page is not an option. Here is a picture of how it is written in LyX. ![lyx](http://i.imgur.com/ZKVfWXb.png) Thank you!


title: How to add background color to a single row which contains multicolumns?

text: I want to add background color in the header part of my table which contains grouped columns:               \multicolumn{8}{ p{6.0in} }{ \textbf{ PARTNER } } & \hfill\textbf{ TOTAL PAYABLES }  \\      A simple `\rowcolor` does not color the whole row but the ungrouped column only. How to color the whole row?


title: excessive space between edition and location, bib entry of type inbook

text: My issue is with the space that appears between the edition and the location. I am using the IEEE citation sytle guide. I have been trying to remove the space that appears but to no avail. Any help would be great. e.g.               @inbook{Shulin-ECC-General-04 ,     Key = {Shulin-ECC-General-04},     Author = {S.~Lin and D.~J.~Costello},     Title = {Error Control Coding},     Publisher ={Prentice Hall},     Address = {Upper Saddle River, NJ},     edition = {2nd},         Year = {2004}     }      The output looks like: > [45] S. Lin and D. J. Costello, in Error Control Coding, 2nd ed.¨extra > spaces appear here¨ Upper Saddle River,NJ: Prentice Hall, 2004. There are additional 3 white spaces which appear between the edition and location. How can I remove it? MWS:               \documentclass[chap]{thesis}                    % Use the first command below if you want captions over 1 line indented. A side     % effect of this is to remove the use of bold for captions (thesis default).     % To restore bold, also include the second line below.     \usepackage[hang]{caption2}      % to indent subsequent lines of captions     \renewcommand{\captionfont}{\bfseries} % bold caption (needed with caption                        %package to restore boldface.)     %\includeonly{rpichap1}  % use \includeonly to process only                 % the file(s) listed inside the braces                                 \usepackage{textcomp, threeparttable, booktabs}     \usepackage{lscape}     %\usepackage{subfig}     \usepackage{amsmath,cite,graphicx,times,paralist}     \usepackage{color, multirow,epsfig,graphicx,url,mdwtab,amssymb,eqparbox,stfloats,color,multirow,array,footnote}     \usepackage[ruled,vlined]{algorithm2e}     \usepackage[tight,footnotesize]{subfigure}     \usepackage{color, multirow, array, footnote}          %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%Acronyms%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%     \usepackage[acronym,toc,nonumberlist]{glossaries}     \usepackage{etoolbox}          %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%Acronyms%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%          \DeclareListParser{\wordlist}{ }%          \DeclareRobustCommand{\capitalise}[1]{%       \def\addspace{}%       \renewcommand*{\do}[1]{\addspace\makefirstuc{##1}\def\addspace{ }}%       \wordlist{#1}%     }          %Remove the dot at the end of glossary descriptions     \renewcommand*{\glspostdescription}{}          \makesavenoteenv{tabular}     %\usepackage{setspace}     \newtheorem{property}{Property}[section]     \newtheorem{corollary}{Corollary}[section]     \newtheorem{lemma}{Lemma}[section]     \newtheorem{example}{Example}[section]     \newtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}[section]     \newtheorem{remark}{Remark}[section]     \newtheorem{definition}{Definition}[section]     %\newtheorem{algorithm}{Algorithm}[section]     \newtheorem{observation}{Observation}[section]     %\newtheorem{procedure}{Procedure}[section]          \newtheorem{mydef}{Definition}[section]     \renewcommand\footnotemark{}          \bibliographystyle{IEEEtran}          %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%   end titlepage info  %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%          \begin{document}               Nothing~\cite{Shulin-ECC-General-04}.          {\small \baselineskip 12pt \specialhead{REFERENCES}     \begin{singlespace}     %\let\secfnt\undefined     %\newfont{\secfnt}{ptmb8t at 12pt}     %\apptocmd{\thebibliography}{\small}{}{}     \fontsize{12}{12}\selectfont     \bibliography{reference}     \end{singlespace}     }          \end{document}      I have included all the headers in case there is any conflict between packages that I am not aware of. Also the above reference can be saved as reference.bib to compile the above code. After some additional investigation. I find that the generated .bib file at the output is as follows:               \bibitem{Shulin-ECC-General-04}     S.~Lin and D.~J. Costello, \emph{Error Control Coding}, 2nd~ed.\hskip 1em plus 0.5em minus 0.4em\relax Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall, 2004.      So if there is a way to get rid of the ¨\hskip 1em plus 0.5em minus 0.4em\relax¨ in between all the book references that bibtex generates that would be great.


title: Latex: Running table number

text: There are several tables in my paper, out of which one table is very long and need to be place on landscape page. This is my Table.4 and I want to put it on the last page. For that I used `\setcounter` command to caption it as a Table.4, but how can I arrange previous tables? In my text Table.5 becomes Table.4 etc.


title: pgfplots - how to create a horizontal line plot in a bar chart with symbolic x axis labels

text: I was wondering if there was a way to get the line plots "Unseamed" and "Requirement" to span the whole width of the graph not just from the centre points of the first and last x axis labels. Is there a way to create invisible x axis labels to achieve this?               \documentclass[a4paper,10pt]{report}          \usepackage{pgfplots}     \usetikzlibrary{patterns}               \begin{document}          \begin{figure}      \centering          \begin{tikzpicture}     \begin{axis}[width=11cm,     ybar,     enlargelimits=0.3,legend style={at={(0.98,0.98)},     cells={anchor=west}     },     legend entries={Straight,Unseamed,Zigzag,Requirement},     bar width=1cm,legend columns=2,     ylabel={Tensile strength{,} $N\,mm^{-1}$},     symbolic x coords={Plain,Single lap,Double lap},     xtick=data,     ytick={0,2,4,6,8,10,12,14},     x tick label style={rotate=45,anchor=east},     ]          \addplot [draw=black,pattern=crosshatch dots,error bars/.cd,y dir=both,y explicit,error bar style={line width=1pt}]      coordinates     {     (Plain,7)+-(0.41,0.41)     (Single lap,11)+-(0.27,0.27)     (Double lap,12)+-(0.47,0.47)     };          \addplot[black,sharp plot]     coordinates {(Plain,10.857) (Double lap,10.857)}     ;          \addplot [draw=black,error bars/.cd,y dir=both,y explicit,error bar style={line width=1pt}]      coordinates     {     (Plain,4)+-(0.31,0.31)     (Single lap,5)+-(0.27,0.27)     (Double lap,6)+-(0.38,0.38)     };          \addplot[black,sharp plot,dashed]     coordinates {(Plain,3.430) (Double lap,3.430)}     ;          \end{axis}     \end{tikzpicture}          \end{figure}          \end{document}


title: Algorithm caption should be on top and and flushed left

text: I want the caption of my algorithm to be on top and flushed left:               \documentclass{article}     \usepackage[plain]{algorithm}     \usepackage{algpseudocode}     \begin{document}          \begin{algorithm}     \caption{Sketch of our Compression Algorithm}     \label{fig:GENIDEA}     \begin{algorithmic}[1]     \While{Input contains characters}     \State Find matching reference block $B$ for current input position     \State Perform referential compression with respect to $B$ until we cannot find ``long'' matches anymore     \EndWhile     \end{algorithmic}     \end{algorithm}     \end{document}


title: Circular Segment Symbol

text: is there a symbol for denoting a circular segment? I mean, a semi-circle to place over three letters, something like `\wideparen` or `\frown` but closed on the bottom. (To use with `\overset` or something similar). I tried making a little symbol with TikZ using this trick: http://friggeri.net/blog/custom-symbols-in-latex-using-tikz/ but I'm not really satisfied, so is there a symbol for that? Here's what I made with TikZ, but it's not well centered and doesn't scale with the text under it.               \newcommand\circsegment{      \ensuremath{       \mathop{        \begin{tikzpicture}[line width=0.05ex]         \useasboundingbox (-4ex, -0.5ex) rectangle (1ex, 2ex);         \draw (0,-0.1ex) arc (60:120:4ex) -- (0,-0.1ex);        \end{tikzpicture}       }\nolimits      }     }


title: Error in english.cfg

text: I have the following error:               (/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/generic/babel/babel.sty     (/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/generic/babel/english.ldf     (/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/generic/babel/babel.def))     (/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/generic/babel/germanb.ldf)     (/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/generic/babel/english.ldf     *************************************     * Local config file english.cfg used     *     (/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/doc/support/pedigree-perl/examples/english.cfg     ! You can't use `macro parameter character #' in vertical mode.     l.1 #           An example configuration file for pedigree program          ?       Unfortunately, I can not give an minimal example. This error appeared after I updated to TeX Live 2012/Debian (I am using Linux Mint 14). Before that the documents that now produce the error could be compiled. I am wondering why this file is looked at at all. Has anyone experienced the same? Or has anyone an idea how to get ride off this error?


title: What causes the "\@next does not match its definition" error?

text: I have the following (minimal) document class:               \NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}     \ProvidesClass{minimal-article}[2013/01/11 Test class, extends article]     \DeclareOption*{\PassOptionsToClass{\CurrentOption}{article}}     \ProcessOptions          % Load parent class with preset options     \LoadClass[a4paper,titlepage]{article}          \RequirePackage{tikz}          \renewcommand\maketitle{%      \begin{titlepage}%       \begin{tikzpicture}[remember picture, overlay]%       \typeout{Drawing a rectangle?} %        \fill [fill=red] at (current page.south west) rectangle (current page.south east);%       \typeout{Background rectangle built.}%       \end{tikzpicture}%      \end{titlepage}%      }      \AtBeginDocument{       \maketitle      }           \endinput      When using this from the minimal document file:               \documentclass[11pt]{minimal-article}          \begin{document}      \tableofcontents     \section{Foo!}     \end{document}      I get a strange error message:               Drawing a rectangle?     ! Use of \@next doesn't match its definition.     \maketitle ...ng a rectangle?} \fill [fill=red] at                                                    (current page.south west)...     l.3 \begin{document}      As far as I can guess, it has to be some local environment problem, since yesterday the non-minimal version of that same class worked just fine, and now everything fails with that cryptic message. Any ideas what would case this?


title: Scale markers in external Tikz file

text: I use external .tikz files to include graphics in my LaTeX document. These .tikz files are generated by matlab2tikz. The scatter plots that come out though have very small markers. I want to scale these markers. Right now I include the .tikz file as follows:               \begin{figure}         \centering         \newlength\figureheight          \newlength\figurewidth          \setlength\figureheight{0.5\linewidth}          \setlength\figurewidth{0.5\linewidth}         \input{images/filename.tikz}         \caption{caption}         \label{fig:label}     \end{figure}      How do I scale the markers at the moment I `\input` the .tikz file. I don't want to edit the content of the .tikz file itself. A method to scale plot markers globally would also be acceptable.


title: Pgfplot figure off-center because of axis label

text: My figures are always off-center because the right axis is trimmed closer to the figure than the left. Do I have to manually extend the right axis by an adhoc amount every time? ![enter image description here](http://i.stack.imgur.com/wuzLR.png)               \documentclass[tikz,border=3pt]{standalone}     \usepackage{pgfplots, pgfplotstable}     \usepackage{xcolor}     \usepackage{pgfplots}     \usepackage{tikz}                         \begin{document}     \begin{tikzpicture}         \begin{axis}[             %width  = 0.85*\textwidth,             %height = 8cm,             %major x tick style = transparent,             ybar,%=2*\pgflinewidth,             bar width=20pt,             %ymajorgrids = true,             ylabel = {Deposition \%},             symbolic x coords={{4  ac.h$^{-1}$},{6  ac.h$^{-1}$}},             xtick = {{4  ac.h$^{-1}$},{6  ac.h$^{-1}$}},             ymax=80,             scaled y ticks = false,             enlarge x limits=0.25,             ymin=0,             legend cell align=left,             legend style={                     at={(1,1.05)},                     anchor=south east,                     column sep=1ex             }         ]                       \addplot [fill=black, draw=black,bar shift=3pt] coordinates {({4  ac.h$^{-1}$},61.66779959)}; %\addlegendentry{4  ac.h$^{-1}$}     \addplot [fill=white, draw=black,bar shift=-3pt] coordinates {({6  ac.h$^{-1}$},65.77432124)};     %\addplot [fill=white, draw=black, bar shift=0.5ex] table [x=X, y=6ACH]  {\datatable}; \addlegendentry{6  ac.h$^{-1}$}                   \end{axis}     \end{tikzpicture}     \end{document}       This doesn't seem to work for standalone document class pgfplots and figure centering and this is adhoc: Centering a TikZ picture around an area Excel: 5 seconds but no Tex formatting and wrong fonts. ![enter image description here](http://i.stack.imgur.com/98iMw.png) **EDIT** Axis labels are cut off and part of the ytick ![enter image description here](http://i.stack.imgur.com/MgiXe.png)               \documentclass[tikz,border=12pt]{standalone}     \usepackage{pgfplots}     \pgfplotsset{compat=newest}     \usetikzlibrary{plotmarks}     \begin{document}     \definecolor{mycolor1}{rgb}{0.0416666666666667,0,0}          \begin{tikzpicture}[trim axis left, trim axis right]               \begin{axis}[%     width=6.17578125in,     height=2.23276041666667in,     area legend,     scale only axis,     xmin=0.5,     xmax=5.5,     xtick={1,2,3,4,5},     xticklabels={Equipment,Patient,{Hygiene products},Near-bed,Far-bed},     ymin=0,     ymax=0.35,     ytick={  0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4},     ylabel={Probability density},yticklabel style={/pgf/number format/fixed},     legend style={at={(0.143572984749455,0.733206590621038)},anchor=south west,draw=black,fill=white,legend cell align=left}     ]     \addplot[ybar,bar width=0.282321428571429in,bar shift=-0.176450892857143in,fill=mycolor1,draw=black] plot coordinates{(1,0.163793103)     (2,0.164367816)     (3,0.141954023)     (4,0.279310345)     (5,0.250574713)};          \addlegendentry{Smith et al.};          \addplot [     color=black,     solid,     forget plot     ]     table[row sep=crcr]{     0.5 0\\     5.5 0\\     };     \addplot[ybar,bar width=0.282321428571429in,bar shift=0.176450892857143in,fill=white,draw=black] plot coordinates{(1,0.165289256)     (2,0.185950413)     (3,0.157024793)     (4,0.285123967)     (5,0.20661157)};          \addlegendentry{Adjusted YAB};          \end{axis}     \end{tikzpicture}%     \end{document}


title: Do you recognize this math font?

text: I have been looking in different sources such as the Survey of free math fonts but I am not able to recognize which math font is used for typesetting the following formulas appearing in a beamer presentation. Do you have any idea? ![enter image description here](http://i.stack.imgur.com/Nh5yW.png) In particular, letters are upright but this may possibly come from a `frenchmath` option. [EDIT] As correctly guessed in comments, these formulas come from a beamer presentation.


title: Relatively placed overlay based on string length

text: # Background Using ConTeXt I'm trying to reproduce the following result: ![Overlay](http://i.stack.imgur.com/IiI80.png) The problem centres around the first character of the chapter title being offset a relative distance from the chapter title. # Problem I've tried styling the chapter as follows:               \definespotcolor[ColourSecondary][h=9A957A]     \definespotcolor[ColourSecondaryLightest]       [ColourSecondary][a=1,t=.2]          \definefont[StyleFontChapterCharacter]       [SerifItalic scaled 20000]          \defineframed[StyleChapterFramed][       frame=on,       align={flushright,low,nothyphenated,verytolerant},       width=\dimexpr\textwidth-(.2\marginwidth),       height=\textheight,%+0.6\footerheight,     ]          \define[1]\StyleChapter{%       \StyleChapterFramed{%     \startoverlay         \color[ColourSecondaryLightest]{%           \StyleFontChapterCharacter\getfirstcharacter{#1}\firstcharacter}           #1     \stopoverlay       }     }      Using `\hskip` forces the first letter (by moving the chapter title?):                 \hskip-1em#1      This produces: ![Lunch Skip](http://i.stack.imgur.com/WPSzG.png) Changing the frame so that it extends beyond the footer is easy enough, but the `low` parameter causes the entire chapter title to move down. I have tried `\vspace` and `\vskip`, but neither seem to overpower the `low` parameter. I also tried maneuvering the text by calculating the offset based on the dimensions for the title text, but could not find a viable solution (i.e., how do you determine how much space a word takes up on a page?). # Question How would you relocate just the first letter of the title so that it is offset below the title itself, as shown in the desired result, regardless of the length of the title?


title: How to properly format pseudocode (algorithm) in LNCS (Lecture Notes in Computer Science)?

text: I know that when I need to paste the source code, I should use `\verb` or `\verbatim`. But how about pseudocode\algorithms? Should I use `\verb` or `\verbatim` as well? Can't really find any official Springer docs about this. Maybe I should use `\algorithm`?


title: Discovering which (La)Tex element is shown by lua-visual-debug (print to stdout)?

text: I am trying to troubleshoot what happens in the code in Wrong placement (and/or size) of picture / plot with groupplot of table?. So I added `\usepackage{lua-visual-debug}` to that example, and built it with `lualatex test.tex`; and this is what comes out: ![test05](http://i.stack.imgur.com/p5Uec.png) As far as I can tell (by consulting `lvdebug-doc.pdf` documentation of `lua- visual-debug`), those gray horizontal lines "pushing away" the plot from the left are glues. The problem is - I have no idea how to tell _which_ glues those are; even worse, at end of run, lualatex notes: > ...   >  9093 words of node memory still in use:   >  123 hlist, 1 vlist, 1 rule, 32 math, **638 glue** , 33 glyph, 69 glue_spec, > 1 wri   >  te, 1561 pdf_literal, 18 pdf_colorstack nodes   >  avail lists: 1:1,2:44,3:2341,4:710,6:41,7:1,9:130   >  ... ... so even if I had a list of glue names of sorts, it would be difficult to trawl manually through 638 glues. Ideally, what I'd want is to typeset the name of the LaTex glue, right by its rendered `lua-visual-debug` line; e.g. I can see that the code responsible for it in `lua-visual-debug.lua` is:                 elseif head.id == 10 then -- glue           print "Got glue" -- added for debug           local wd = head.spec.width           local color = "0.5 G"           if parent.glue_sign == 1 and parent.glue_order == head.spec.stretch_order then             wd = wd + parent.glue_set * head.spec.stretch             color = "0 0 1 RG"           elseif parent.glue_sign == 2 and parent.glue_order == head.spec.shrink_order then             wd = wd - parent.glue_set * head.spec.shrink             color = "1 0 1 RG"           end           local pdfstring = node.new("whatsit","pdf_literal")           local wd_bp = math.round(wd / number_sp_in_a_pdf_point,2)           if parent.id == 0 then --hlist             pdfstring.data = string.format("q %s [0.2] 0 d  0.5 w 0 0  m %g 0 l s Q",color,wd_bp)           else -- vlist             pdfstring.data = string.format("q 0.1 G 0.1 w -0.5 0 m 0.5 0 l -0.5 %g m 0.5 %g l s [0.2] 0 d  0.5 w 0.25 0  m 0.25 %g l s Q",-wd_bp,-wd_bp,-wd_bp)           end           parent.list = node.insert_before(parent.list,head,pdfstring)           -- print("Got glue; wd " .. tostring(wd))      So, basically, if I'd want to typeset those names, I'd have to insert PDF primitives; I tried adding `(Hello world) Tj` to the `pdfstring.data`, but nothing comes out. Considering typesetting the 638 names will be a bit crowded, I'd also settle for typesetting a numeric index in the PDF, and then printing to stdout a list with the index, the LaTex name of command/length/glue, and possibly its width/length value; that should allow somewhat easier inspection. What I really cannot tell is this - so these are my questions:   * At this point in the `lua-visual-debug` code, are originating Tex command names even available? (I can see LuaTex reference has `token.command_name`, but at this point I have "nodes" [what nodes?], not "tokens")   * If I enable the last `print` there, I can print the widths; it turns out, most of those are 0, however, some are like "Got glue; wd 27571199" -- is this 27571199 in `bp` units? How could I print it out, say, in centimeters or in inches?   * Is it even possible to insert text PDF primitives at this point in the lua code?


title: Dante Monotype typeface and fractions

text: I am handling a text which is natively written in a proprietary LaTeX documentclass which implements Dante Monotype fontface. In this text there is a lot of maths and I would say that it works, overall, even if I would not advise in particular Dante font for maths applications. Even exponents (`$e^{x^2}$`) are, say, well proportioned to my eye while what I do not like at all are fractions. As in the following picture: ![image](http://i.stack.imgur.com/0dAde.png) the fraction circled in red, as well as the following ones, has numerator and denominator that are very far from the fraction bar. How can I improve this in particular? Any package related to fractions may work currently with this font? Any command similar to `\dfrac` or `\tfrac` may help **decreasing** (rather than increasing) the total height of the fractions? No further solutions come to my mind to fix such "length". * * * **Addendum:** I have MikTeX 2.9 on Windows 7 OS. The editors I use are TeXstudio and TeXnicCenter and I compile with pdfLaTeX. The behaviour of the fractions is the same when using TeXshop on Mac OS. Thank you. The code for the picture above is:               $$y_0(t)=1$$     $$y_1(t)=1+\int^t_0 \mt\,\md\mt=1+\frac{t^2}{2}$$     $$y_2(t)=1+\int^t_0 \mt\left(1+\frac{\mt^2}{2}\right)\md\mt=1+\frac{t^2}{2}+\frac{t^4}{8}$$     \vspace{1pt}     $$\vdots$$     \vspace{1pt}     $$y_n(t)=1+\int^t_0 \mt\,y_{n-1}(\mt)\,\md\mt=1+\frac{t^2}{2}+\frac{1}{2!}\left(\frac{t^2}{2}\right)^2+\ldots+\frac{1}{n!}\left(\frac{t^2}{2}\right)^n$$      where `\md` and `\mt` were defined in my preamble. Thank you. * * * **Addendum (2):** I appreciated both the answers posted so far and I tried to define a `newcommand` as in lines 2 to 15 of the code by Steven B. (I preferred this approach because I never put my hands on LuaLaTeX before and this was meant to be "just fine tuning"). Furthermore I tried all of the following three:               \renewcommand{\frac}[2]{\displaystyle{\frac{\lower2pt\hbox{#1}}{\raise2pt\hbox{#2}}}}      and:               \renewcommand{\frac}[2]{\dfrac{\lower2pt\hbox{#1}}{\raise2pt\hbox{#2}}}      or:               \newcommand\newfrac[2]{\frac{\lower2pt\hbox{#1}}{\raise2pt\hbox{#2}}}      but all of these four candidate solutions generated several errors in my system (class). Do these three lines of me suggest something useful? I'll post updates.


title: KomaScript Book: How to have Chapter Headings formatted just like text?

text: Might seem like an odd thing to do, but so far it's proven beyond my novice- level Latex abilities, and related posts I've looked at on this site seem a little more complicated than what I need. In particular, I'm writing a dissertation, and my university requires the following:   1. 12pt Times New Roman   2. Double Spaced throughout   3. Chapter Headings are distinguished only by centering, and the use of all capital letters (this includes the headings for things like the table of contents), and the use of what in komascript amounts to the `chapterprefix=on` option The komascript manual was pretty clear on how to get headings centered. Still, my headings are formatted by default with the following undesired attributes:   1. Some font other than Times New Roman   2. Bold-Face   3. Huge white space above the heading (I need no space but the top margin) So, how to I tell komascript to back off a little, and not add all the extra formatting to the headings? Here's my working template so far:               \documentclass[12pt,letterpaper,oneside,chapterprefix=on]{scrbook}          %Margins     \usepackage[letterpaper,left=1.5in,top=1in,right=1in,bottom=1in]{geometry}          %Type     \usepackage{fontspec}     \setmainfont{Times New Roman}     \usepackage{unicode-math}     \setmathfont{xits-math.otf}     \usepackage[doublespacing]{setspace}     \setlength\parindent{0.5in}          %Other     \usepackage{microtype}     \usepackage{lipsum}          \setkomafont{chapter}{\centering}          \begin{document}          \frontmatter          %Flyleaf     \clearpage\thispagestyle{empty}\mbox{}\clearpage\setcounter{page}{1}          \chapter*{Abstract Title Page}     \chapter*{Abstract}     \chapter*{Copright Page}     \chapter*{Title Page}     \tableofcontents     \listoffigures          \mainmatter     \chapter{Introduction}     \lipsum     \appendix          \backmatter          \end{document}


title: Usage of /pgf/number format/cd

text: I'm trying to fix the amount of digits the colorbar has, because the plot is shrinking in size and I wish to animate this plot, so a fixed height and width is mandatory. I still want LaTeX to do the calculations to maximize the size of the final product, so I still used `\textheight` and `\linewidth` (amongst others) for dimensions. I've used `/pgf/number format/cd.` in other contexts with the same syntax, but in this case it yields error messages, related to about every single value I didn't set explicitly. The intended effect is to have a set amount of digits in the colorbar, so that the graph doesn't appear to "move". ![http://i.imgur.com/SnxptGO.png?1](http://i.stack.imgur.com/XQMjD.png) (The color bar has some weird term `\cdot10^{-2}` floating above it. I want to get rid of this and I believe this will make the dimension `\linewidth` suffice to have a fixed width for the graph at any value for `\ik` smaller than 240.)               \documentclass{article}          \usepackage{pgfplots}     \usepackage{geometry}     \pgfplotsset{compat=newest}     %\usepackage{animate}     %\usetikzlibrary{intersections}          \newcommand{\dfa}{3}     \newcommand{\dfb}{9}     \newcommand{\ik}{240}          \begin{document}               \begin{tikzpicture}[         declare function={gamma(\z)=         2.506628274631*sqrt(1/\z)+0.20888568*(1/\z)^(1.5)+0.00870357*(1/\z)^(2.5)-(174.2106599*(1/\z)^(3.5))/25920-         (715.6423511*(1/\z)^(4.5))/1244160)*exp((-ln(1/\z)-1)*\z;},         declare function={beta(\x,\y)=(gamma(\x) * gamma(\y)) / (gamma(\x + \y));},         declare function={threedf(\value)= (x^(x/2)*y^(y/2)*\value^(y/2 -1)*(x + y*\value)^(-.5*x -.5*y))/beta(y/2,x/2);},             ]     \begin{axis}[         colormap={mycolormap}{color(0cm)=(white); color(1cm)=(blue!75!red)},         colormap name=mycolormap,     %    width=.99\linewidth-\marginparwidth-2\tabcolsep,         height=.49\textheight,         view={150}{45},         enlargelimits=false,         grid=major,         domain=.5:10.5,         y domain=.5:10.5,         xmin = -.5, xmax = 11.5,         ymin = -.5, ymax = 11.5,         zmin = 0, zmax = 1,         samples=11,         xlabel=$df_1$,         ylabel=$df_2$,         zlabel=$F$,         colorbar,         colorbar style={             at={(1.05,0)},             anchor=south west,             height=0.25*\pgfkeysvalueof{/pgfplots/parent axis height},     %        title={$P(x_1,x_2)$},             every tick label/.append style =              {/pgf/number format/.cd,                precision = 2,                 fixed zerofill,                fixed, use comma,               },}      ]     \pgfmathsetmacro{\result}{((\ik/53+.6)^2+(ln(\ik/53+.6)^2+1.5))/5};     %\path[name path=line] (axis cs:\dfa,\dfb,0) -- (axis cs:\dfa,\dfb,1);     \addplot3 [surf] {threedf(\result)};     \addlegendentry {$x = \pgfmathprintnumber[fixed, precision=3]{\result}$};     \end{axis}     \end{tikzpicture}               \end{document}


title: Automatic indentation with AucTeX within \[...\] environment

text: AucTex works fine automatically indenting most environments, for example               \begin{displaymath}       \cos x     \end{displaymath}      but doesn't indent when I use \\[ and \\], and automatically takes away any indentation I have done manually. It looks like this               \[     \cos x     \]      but I want it to look like this               \[       \cos x     \]      It seems that AucTeX doesn't recognise \\[...\\] as a displaymath environment for indentation. I've looked at AucTeX customisation for indentation but there doesn't seem to be a way to add an environment to be indented. As I understand it the user option 'LaTeX-indent-environment-list' is for special exceptions. Is there any way to get AucTeX to indent between \\[ and \\] ?


title: sh: epspdf: command not found

text: I'm trying to use the `epspdfconversion` package under TeXLive, on a Linux system. I've successfully installed and included said package, but when executing the command:               pdflatex MyFile.tex      it returns the error:               sh: epspdf: command not found     pdfTeX error: pdflatex (file MyImageFile-epspdf-to.pdf): can     not find image file      ==> Fatal error occurred, no output PDF file produced!      I've tried various `pdflatex` options (eg/ `--shell-escape`) with no luck. My guess is that the "command not found" debug points to the problem - any ideas? * * * I've a bit more information: if I try to compile with `latex` (instead of the Makefile I have been using), it produces the output below. I've looked into the file where "\epstopdfDeclareGraphicsRule" should be defined (tex/latex/oberdiek/epstopdf-base.sty) and it is there. It's called by the file tex/latex/epspdfconversion/epspdfconversion.sty, which I include in my top-level .cls file to perform the desired conversions. Interestingly, if I carriage return through this error a .dvi file is still produced, which can be converted to pdf.               Package epstopdf Warning: Drivers other than `pdftex.def' are not supported.          )          epspdfconversion.sty is using epstopdf.sty with the following setup:     update=true,     verbose=true,     prefersuffix=true,     suffix=-epspdf-to,     option outdir not set. Default: same directory as the .eps-source-file     append,     enable     epspdf is used with the following command:     epspdf <file>      ! Undefined control sequence.     l.345 \epstopdfDeclareGraphicsRule                                   {.eps}{pdf}{.pdf}{%


title: Macro for putting a separator between inline list items

text: It's late, so I may not be thinking about this clearly enough, but I could have sworn that there exists a macro (possibly not part of a package, but just something that I picked up somewhere along the way) that is able to take some sort of inline list separated by a certain character and replace that character with another string. For example, something like               \ThisImaginaryMacro{apples;oranges;peaches;pears}      would produce something like               apples $\cdot$ oranges $\cdot$ peaches $\cdot$ pears      because somewhere I've specified that semicolons should be replaced with `$\cdot$`. I have been searching through all the `.tex` files I've made in recent memory, and I just can't seem to find this, and it's driving me nuts, so any help is greatly appreciated.


title: Breaking verse across multiple pages

text: I am using               \begin{verse}     .....     \end{verse}      and I have a problem splitting it across pages. The `verse` environment is leaving half a page blank. How can I spread verse across multiple pages. I learned that for tables we use `longtable`, is there such a thing for `verse` as well? Here is the edited message               Lt. Tara came back in a trice fetching that litter of the dead, getting it carried by gritty and suitable     Vanara-s. [4-25-21]               \begin{verse}           दिव्याम् भद्र आसन युताम् शिबिकाम् स्यंदन उपमम् |           \\      पक्षि कर्मभिः आचित्राम् द्रुम कर्म विभूषिताम् || ४-२५-२२           \\           अचिताम् चित्र पत्तीभिः सुनिविष्टाम् समंततः |           \\      विमानम् इव सिद्धानाम् जाल वात आयान आयुताम् || ४-२५-२३           \\           सुनियुक्तानाम् विशालाम् च सुकृताम् शिल्पिभिः कृतात् |           \\      दारु पर्वतकोपेताम् चारु कर्म परिष्कृताम् || ४-२५-२४           \\           वर आभरण हारैः च चित्र माल्य उपशोभिताम् |           \\      गुहागहन संच्छन्नाम् रक्त चन्दन भूषिताम् || ४-२५-२५           \\           पुष्प ओघैः समभिच्छन्नाम् पद्म मालाभिः एव च |           \\      तरुण आदित्य वर्णाभिः भ्राजमानभिः आवृताम् || ४-२५-२६       \end{verse}


title: TikZ: \newcommand with optional TikZ options

text: I want to create a new command with some default TikZ options that you can override using an optional argument. If working as intended the code below would generate a red line between A and B, and a translucent green line with arrows between A and C. How can I accomplish this?               \documentclass{article}     \usepackage{tikz}     \usetikzlibrary{shapes}          \begin{document}          \newcommand{\relation}[3][]     {       % this needed to be modified somehow...       \path [draw, red] (#2) -- (#3);     }          \begin{tikzpicture}       \node [draw] (A) at (0, 0) {A};       \node [draw] (B) at (3, 0) {B};       \node [draw] (C) at (3, 3) {C};       \relation{A}{B}       \relation[<->, color=green!10]{A}{C}     \end{tikzpicture}          \end{document}