title: Left and right align inside one TiKZ rectangular node

text: I'd like to create a PID controller block diagram similar to the one here. At the moment my diagram looks as depicted below. What I still need is to right- and-left align the text inside the rectangular nodes, i.e. I'd like the letters P, I, D to be left and the equations right aligned. How do I accomplish that? Also, could you please tell me how to make the circle a little smaller? ![enter image description here](http://i.stack.imgur.com/8VB5B.png)               \tikzstyle{int}=[draw, fill=blue!20, minimum size=2em, text width=2.5cm]     \tikzstyle{sum}=[draw, fill=blue!20, shape=circle, node distance=2.5cm]     \begin{figure}[htbp]     \centering         \begin{tikzpicture}[node distance=1.5cm,auto,>=latex']             \node [int] (kp) {P $k_p e(t)$};             \node [int] (ki) [below of=kp] {I $k_i \int{e(t)dt}$};             \node [int] (kd) [below of=ki] {D $k_d \frac{e(t)}{dt}$};             \node [sum] (sum) [right of=ki] {$\sum$};             \node [coordinate] (joint1) [left of=ki, node distance=2cm]{};             \node [coordinate] (begin) [left of=joint1, node distance=2cm]{};             \node [coordinate] (end) [right of=sum, node distance=2cm]{};             \draw[-] (begin) -- node {$e(t)$} (joint1);             \draw[->] (joint1) |- (kp.west);             \draw[->] (joint1) -- (ki);             \draw[->] (joint1) |- (kd);             \draw[->] (kp.east) -| node [pos=0.95] {$+$} (sum.north);             \draw[->] (ki.east) -- node [pos=0.8] {$+$} (sum.west);             \draw[->] (kd.east) -| node [pos=0.95] {$+$} (sum.south);             \draw[->] (sum.east) -- (end);         \end{tikzpicture}        \end{figure}


title: How to show two groups of equations side by side: one implies the other?

text: I would like to show a bunch of equations can imply another bunch of equations, with double right arrow in between. Here are two trials of mine: one is to use another level of math mode to enclose the two groups of equations, and the other is to use a table with each group of equation being in a cell. The first one               $$     \begin{align*}     \nabla f(x) -\mu X^{-1} e + A(x) \lambda - z = 0,      \\ c(x) = 0,      \\ -\mu X^{-1} e + z = 0,      \\ x > 0     \\ z > 0     \end{align*}      \quad \Longrightarrow \quad     \begin{align*}     \nabla f(x) + A(x) \lambda - 2z = 0,      \\ c(x) = 0,      \\ -\mu X^{-1} e + z = 0,      \\ x > 0     \\ z > 0     \\     \end{align*}     $$      This one will leads to error > amsmath: Erroneous nesting of equation structures;(amsmath) trying to > recover with `aligned'. \end{align*} Another is using `tabular`:               \begin{tabular*}{c c c}     \begin{align*}     \nabla f(x) -\mu X^{-1} e + A(x) \lambda - z = 0,      \\ c(x) = 0,      \\ -\mu X^{-1} e + z = 0,      \\ x > 0     \\ z > 0     \end{align*}      & $\Longrightarrow$ &     \begin{align*}     \nabla f(x) + A(x) \lambda - 2z = 0,      \\ c(x) = 0,      \\ -\mu X^{-1} e + z = 0,      \\ x > 0     \\ z > 0     \\     \end{align*}     \end{tabular*}      It doesn't compile either. I wonder how to make the two approaches workable, and if there are other better ways?


title: How to type “田” with filled upper left and lower right sub-squares?

text: How to type “田” with filled upper left sub-square and lower right sub-square as a character in LaTeX?


title: How to shrink tables so they fit in one page's length?

text: I have seen a similar question to this one:   * How to shrink a table automatically so that it fits onto a page? However, I do not want to resize my table so it fits inside the width of a page (I already do that without converting it to an image), I want to shrink my table's height so it does not occupy two pages (or more). I saw some possible solutions like `longtable` but they split my table into 2 and I do not want that. Am I forced to convert my table to an image by using the `\resizebox` from the `graphicsx` package, or do I have other options?


title: Minitoc not working

text: i have this file for my thesis but the mintoc is not appearing after the chapter title! what i have missed?                   \documentclass [11pt,oneside,final]{book}         \usepackage{minitoc}         \usepackage[round]{natbib}         \usepackage[font={footnotesize,it}]{caption}          \usepackage[Lenny]{fncychap}         \setarab         \raggedbottom         \title{\center \textbf{AAAAAAAAA}}         \author{         Submitted by AAAAAAA               }              \begin{document}              \maketitle         \chapter*{\thispagestyle{empty} \begin{center} \vspace*{2in}  To my AAAAA \end{center}}         \chapter*{\thispagestyle{empty} Abstract}         \chapter*{\thispagestyle{empty} Acknowledgments}         \dominitoc          \tableofcontents         \listoffigures \addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{List of Figures}         \listoftables \addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{List of Tables}         \clearpage         \pagenumbering{arabic}         \chapter{Introduction}         \minitoc \newpage          \section{AAAAAAA}          WEFWEFWEFWEFWEF         \end{document}


title: Is there any difference between quad in math mode and text mode?

text: Is there any difference between `$a \text{\quad text\quad} b$` and `$a \quad \text{text} \quad b$`? I cannot see the difference as shown in the following figure. If there is no difference, which one should I use for the sake of best practice?               \documentclass[preview,border=12pt,varwidth]{standalone}     \usepackage{amsmath}     \begin{document}     $a \text{\quad text\quad} b$\\     $a \quad \text{text} \quad b$     \end{document}      ![enter image description here](http://i.stack.imgur.com/kmsgi.png) I want to use this when solving `$(x-a)(x-b)=0$`. The solution is usually written in `gather*` as follows               \begin{gather*}     (x-a)(x-b)=0\\     x-a=0 \quad\text{or}\quad x-b=0\\     x=a \quad\text{or}\quad x=b     \end{gather*}       or               \begin{gather*}     (x-a)(x-b)=0\\     x-a=0 \text{\quad or\quad} x-b=0\\     x=a \text{\quad or\quad} x=b     \end{gather*}


title: Testing all available fonts

text: I need to display some very small numbers in my document (3-5 pt). I want to test out all available fonts within my installation at this size, to find which produces the most readable numbers. Is there a simple way to produce this output (i.e. generate a document which contains a sample text displayed in all fonts at the specified size)??


title: How was this TeX showcase ConTeXt book made?

text: I found a very interesting book design in the TeX showcase (pp.pdf/pp.tex): http://www.tug.org/texshowcase/   * Does the source really have enough information inside to produce such nice formating?   * Can this format be readily applied to a LaTeX document?


title: colortbl: new environments and how to apply \expandafter

text: This is a followup question from one asked by Andrew Howard. After some discussion, it became clear that `colortbl` has some issues with the names that can be used for a `\newcolumntype`. The result of the discussion digressed far enough that it seems like a new, more general, question may be asked. Let's suppose that we want to define new columns without using `\newcolumntype`, which is limited in that names may only be a single character. The `tabular` environment can take more complex input. For example, without defining a `\newcolumntype` we can do this               \documentclass[10pt]{article}     \usepackage[table,dvipsnames]{xcolor}     \usepackage{array}     \usepackage{colortbl}          \begin{document}     \begin{tabular}{|>{\columncolor{blue!10}}c|>{\columncolor{red!10}}c|}     Something  & Something else\\     \end{tabular}     \end{document}      which is not particularly reusable. What we can't do is this               \newcommand{\colone}{>{\columncolor{blue!10}}c}     \newcommand{\coltwo}{>{\columncolor{red!10}}c}          \begin{tabular}{|\colone|\coltwo|}     Something  & Something else\\     \end{tabular}      The `array` package provides `\newcolumntype` to get around this, but allows only single character names, which is not very satisfactory. How can I force LaTeX to expand `\colone` and `\coltwo` before tabular gets them? Defining a new environment would be fine for this. **In general how does one force expansion in a particular order using a`new environment`?**


title: Usage of the \dimexpr command

text: I have MiKTeX 2.3 and its version of e-TeX does not support `\dimexpr` command. I do not want to update this MiKTeX now and wonder, is it possible to define the `\dimexpr` command, probably with use of `calc` package?


title: Placing footnotes or endnotes at the end of the current paragraph

text: > **This question led to a new package:**   >  `parnotes` How can I get footnote or endnote text to appear right after the paragraph in which it was mentioned? Update: As my question lacks sufficient detail, I'll try to clarify.   * The goal is to place the notes closer to the reader and to have a document which flows from start to finish, rather than one that is interrupted continuously by footnotes.   * By "footnote" or "endnote", I mean anything with a cross-reference mark (e.g. "1") pointing to another place on the page (the end of the paragraph). Update: The provided answer greatly solves the initial problem quite well. It is, however, incompatible with a number of other options provided by addition packages, such as `footmisc` and its included options such as `para` and `stable`. The bounty will go to an extended solution which:   * Provides the ability to define the `mark` and `text` in different locations so that footnote marks can be placed within section titles (see `footnotemark` and `footnotetext` and `stable` options in `footmisc` for an example). E.g.:              \begin{footnotepar}     \section{This is a section title\footnotemark}         \footnotetext{This is the text for a footnote which has a mark in the section title.}         This is text in the paragraph.     \end{footnotepar}        * Treats the footnote text as if it is no different from text within a standard paragraph and allows the text to behave in a similar manner (e.g. flowing into a paragraph, breaking at the end of the page). E.g.: > 1 This is the text of the first footnote. 2 This is the text of > > the second footnote. 3 This is the text of the third footnote. > > 4 This is the text of the fourth footnote. 5 This is the text of * * * > the fifth footnote which partially appears on the top of the > > second page. 6 This is the text of the sixth footnote.   * Leaves points for uniformly controlling the size, font, and position of the footnote mark (the one appearing near the footnote), the footnote text itself, and the space after each footnote (e.g. placing `\newline` to go to a new line, or `\hspace` to add some space).   * Leaves points for uniformly enclosing an environment around each group of footnotes, for e.g., to enable the groups of footnote texts to be enclosed with `\begin{multicols}{2}` and `\end{multicols}` (or other environments).


title: How do I maintain structure in structured output?

text: I am trying to ensure output from a Linux command - which looks like: ![enter image description here](http://i.stack.imgur.com/Rq9nl.png) Into a LaTeX document with the same column structure with the output headers lined up with the output sections on the next line. I am using the listings plugin to display the output currently.               \begin{lstlisting}[language=bash , caption=Viewing a running container]         $ sudo docker ps         ID                  IMAGE               COMMAND                CREATED             STATUS              PORTS              NAMES         80430f8d0921        ubuntu:12.04        /bin/sh -c while tru   3 minutes ago       Up 3 minutes       red_fox     \end{lstlisting}      My actual output ends up looking like: ![actual output](http://i.imgur.com/cYhnRP0.png)


title: Referring to a whole eqnarray

text: > **Possible Duplicate:**   >  numbering few equations together I've got an `eqnarray` with multiple equations and a label on it, e.g.:               \begin{eqnarray}       \hat{\delta}(q_0,\epsilon) & = & {\color{orange}q_0} & & & & \\       \hat{\delta}(q_0,a)    & = & \delta(\hat{\delta}(q_0,\epsilon), a) & = & {\color{orange}\delta(q_0, a)} & = & q_1 \\       \hat{\delta}(q_0,ac)   & = & \delta(\hat{\delta}(q_0, a), c)       & = & {\color{orange}\delta(q_1, c)} & = & q_1 \\       \hat{\delta}(q_0,aca)  & = & \delta(\hat{\delta}(q_0, ac), a)      & = & {\color{orange}\delta(q_1, a)} & = & q_2 \\       \hat{\delta}(q_0,acac) & = & \delta(\hat{\delta}(q_, aca) c)       & = & {\color{orange}\delta(q_2, c)} & = & q_2       \label{eqn:automata-derivation}     \end{eqnarray}      The important part for me is the colorized as a whole, that means that the whole eqnarray is important and not a single line of it. If I refer to the label `eqn:automata-derivation` the reference is just for the last line and every other line is counted apart from it (line 1: (1), line 2: (2), ... , line 5: (5), and if I refer to this only `5` would be shown). What is the correct way:   * to count the whole eqnarray as one single equation and not every line each?   * to refer to it adequately?


title: How to number an entire array environment with only a single number

text: > **Possible Duplicate:**   >  numbering few equations together I am currently using an align environment to write a system of equations. The code has the form:               \begin{align*}\label{myEnv}     %equation 1 here     %equation 2 here     %equation 3 here     \end{align*}      I am wondering how I can number this environment using only a single number. Right now if I change `align*` back to `align`, I will get three different numbers for each line within the environment. I know for a fact that `\label{myEnv}` returns the correct number, but I don't know how to display it within the actual LaTeX document.


title: pgfplots: filled markers without border

text: I am trying to draw a PGF plot with markers only. I want the markers to be filled squares, but pgfplots keeps adding a differently colored border to these marks. How can I stop that from happening? I want plain filled squares consisting of one color each. ![what I don't want](http://i.stack.imgur.com/k8zCU.png) MWE:               \documentclass{standalone}     \usepackage{pgfplots}          \begin{document}     \begin{tikzpicture}     \begin{axis}[tiny]     \addplot[         mark=square*,         only marks,         mark options={draw=none}, % this line does not do anything         scatter] {sin(deg(x))};     \end{axis}     \end{tikzpicture}     \end{document}


title: amsmath split environment results in error "Missing } inserted."

text: The following compiles fine, but outputs a pdf with a line too long.               \documentclass{article}     \usepackage{amsmath}          \def\group#1{\left ( #1 \right )}     \begin{document}          $$     %\begin{split}      \group{\neg (v_1 = v_2) \land \neg (v_1 = v_3) \land ... \land \neg(v_1 = v_n)}      \land \group{\neg (v_2 = v_3) \land \neg (v_2 = v_4) \land ... \land \neg(v_2 = v_n)}      \land ... \land \group{\neg (v_{n-2} = v_{n-1}) \land \neg (v_{n-2} = v_n)} \land \group{\neg (v_{n-1} = v_n)}     %\end{split}     $$          \end{document}      On the other hand, I get an error when I add the split environment.               \documentclass{article}     \usepackage{amsmath}          \def\group#1{\left ( #1 \right )}     \begin{document}          $$     \begin{split}      \group{\neg (v_1 = v_2) \land \neg (v_1 = v_3) \land ... \land \neg(v_1 = v_n)}      \land \group{\neg (v_2 = v_3) \land \neg (v_2 = v_4) \land ... \land \neg(v_2 = v_n)}      \land ... \land \group{\neg (v_{n-2} = v_{n-1}) \land \neg (v_{n-2} = v_n)} \land \group{\neg (v_{n-1} = v_n)}     \end{split}     $$          \end{document}      Error message:               ! Missing } inserted.     <inserted text>                      }     l.13 $           $


title: What are lccode and uccode used for?

text: In TeX, each of the 256 bytes has an associated `\lccode` and an `\uccode`, integers in the range [0,255] which indicate among other things how `\lowercase` and `\uppercase` act. There are of course a bunch of other numbers (mathcode, and catcode for instance), but I am focusing here on case- changing codes. A look at the TeXbook tells me about the following uses of the `\lccode` and `\uccode`:   * `\lowercase` _`<general text>`_ turns each character token in the argument into a character token with the same category code, but a character code equal to the `\lccode` of the original character code, unless the `\lccode` is zero, in which case, the original character code is retained.   * `\uppercase` _`<general text>`_ behaves in the same way, using the `\uccode` instead.   * When hyphenating, TeX takes whatever characters reached its stomach (so either from tokens with category code 11 or 12, or from chardef'd tokens, or char), and defines a "letter" to be a character with non-zero `\lccode`. A letter is lowercase if its `\lccode` is equal to its character code. Is this all? In particular, does TeX use the `\uccode` for any purpose other than the `\uppercase` primitive? What about other engines, pdfTeX, XeTeX, and LuaTeX?


title: p,m and b columns in tables

text: I wonder why p columns are aligned at the bottom and b columns aligned at the top? ![enter image description here](http://i.stack.imgur.com/y1uuw.png) created with this code:               \begin{tabular}{|p{0.3\linewidth}|m{0.3\linewidth}|b{0.3\linewidth}|}     \hline     \centering header p &     \centering header m &        \centering header b \tabularnewline     \hline     text which is considerably longer than the width of the column  &      text which is considerably longer than the width of the column  &      text which is considerably longer than the width of the column      \tabularnewline     \hline     \end{tabular}


title: newenvironment tabularx and begin center

text: I try to create a custom env, based on a tabular. I try to make a `\begin{center}` before my tabular to remove identation at the beginning of the tabular, but he tells me > "File ended while scanning use of \TX@get@body" If i remove begin center, it works... I knew there is some trick to do, as doc said it at §5, they talk about tokens, token register, expandable token, first token and \relax, but it definitively not relaxed me. More seriously, I'm a real noob with latex, and if someone can tell me what I should do for running my tab in a centered environment in my custom env, he will be soo cool! This is my MWE:               \documentclass{article}     \usepackage{fontspec}          \usepackage{tabularx}          \newenvironment{ffig}{ \begin{center} \tabularx{\linewidth}{|X|X|} }{   \endtabularx \end{center} }               \begin{document}          \begin{ffig}     \hline          voila un beau texte qui sert à rien & ah ben en voila encore un beau tiens  jvais mettre une belle virgule attention la voila, et hop un ptit point.         \tabularnewline\hline                La liberté consiste à pouvoir faire tout ce qui ne nuit pas à autrui :            ainsi, l'exercice des droits naturels de chaque homme n'a de bornes que            celles qui assurent aux autres Membres de la Société la jouissance de ces            mêmes droits. Ces bornes ne peuvent être déterminées que par la Loi.                \tabularnewline\hline      \end{ffig}               \end{document}


title: Error with hyperref + tabular + footnotes in tabular

text: Here's the code:               \documentclass[12pt,letterpaper]{article}          \usepackage{array}          \newcommand{\fntxt}[1]{\footnotetext{#1}}     \newcommand{\fnstep}{\stepcounter{footnote}}     \newcommand{\fnmark}{\footnotemark}          \usepackage{hyperref}          \begin{document}          \begin{tabular}{| c | c |}     \hline     Test1\fnmark & Test2\fnmark \\ \hline     \end{tabular}          \addtocounter{footnote}{-1}     \fntxt{Footnote 1}     \fnstep     \fntxt{Footnote 2}          \end{document}      I `pdflatex` it twice. The problem is: (1) when I click on the first footnote, I'm "transferred" to the same page, not pointed to the first footnote text; (2) when I click on the second, I'm correctly pointed to the second footnote text. I've also tried to add more than two footnotes in the tabular. It turns out that only the last reference is working. What's the reason behind this? How can one fix it? Thanks a lot.


title: \ref doesn't work in math mode if hyperref and bidi packages are loaded

text: Is `\ref` supposed to work in math mode? If `hyperref` and `bidi` are loaded, it generates errors:               \documentclass{article}     \usepackage{hyperref}     \usepackage{bidi}     \begin{document}          Testing labels with \verb+hyperref+ and \verb+bidi+.          \section{This is a section}     \label{sec}          \begin{equation}         a = b \label{eq}      \end{equation}          In text mode everything works fine.  Referencing equation~\ref{eq} in section~\ref{sec}.          But if we try to do it in math mode, we get errors:  $\ref{eq}$          $\ref{sec}$          \[     \ref{eq}     \]          \[     \ref{sec}     \]          \end{document}


title: Custom bibliograpy and citations - general advice needed

text: First of all, if a package that implements this kind of citing style, a part of it, or something similar enough to be customized easily already exists, it's great. If it does, what is it called? (apacite is pretty close on the citations part, but does not provide automatic "ibid.") But that probably is too much to expect. How much effort would be needed to implement it using available tools? What tools should I use? Maybe it is pragmatic to just manually type all citations and bibliography entries? Can I mix these techniques, for example automate formating of books' and articles' entries in bibliography and enter others manually? I am required to format citations like `(Smith 2012: 134)` where 134 is the page number, also using ibid. for recurring citations and et al. for more than two authors. Dictionaries and Encyclopedias have to be cited like `(Wikipedia 2011 s.v. Physics)` References style depends on type of the document being reffered, for example, books with listed author(s) should be like `Smith, J. (2012) On pointless regularizations. New York: SomePublishingCompany.` There are about ten categories in total. Most commonly used ones are fairly similar to this example. I am going to write a report, which will probably be very short (<50 pages even maybe), but several people also use my latex class for the required document layout, and providing a less tedious and more reliable solution for references would be apreciated. I also have nothing against getting to understand LaTeX better, otherwise I probably would just have already started doing it manually.


title: Sub-matrices within a matrix

text: How can I draw the following type of matrix without changing the horizontal alignment of the column entries:               |   c11 c12 c13   c14   c15 c16   c17 | c18 c19 | |     |   c21 c22 c23   c24 | c25 c26 | c27   c28 c29   |     |   c31 c32 c33   c34 | c35 c36 | c37   c38 c39   |     | | c41 c42 c43 | c44   c45 c46   c47   c48 c49   |      Remark: There are three sub-matrices within the main matrix: submatrix 1: c18 to c19   submatrix 2: c25 to c36   submatrix 3: c41 to c43 where `|` shows as the large-sized parentheses `(` and `)`. This problem is different from matrix in a matrix.


title: Booktabs and longtable - strange spaces between lines

text: I needed to make some horizontal table lines bold so I used booktabs package. However if I use `\toprule` command to make line bold I get strange outcome - there are some spaces between bold line and vertical table lines (please take a look at screen ) ![](http://i.stack.imgur.com/y89tQ.png) code used to generate table looks this way                   \begin{longtable}{|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|}     \caption{Wyniki rozpoznawania obrazów dla obrazu zapytania 022\_0007.jpg oraz kategorii $budda$}     \label{tab:budda}     \\     \toprule     \multicolumn{2}{|c|}{\textbf{Obraz zapytanie}} & \multicolumn{3}{|c|}{\textbf{Obraz przetwarzany}} & \multicolumn{4}{|c|}{\textbf{Wynik}} \\     \toprule     \textbf{Nazwa} & \textbf{N} & \textbf{Katalog} & \textbf{Nazwa} & \textbf{N} & \textbf{ $J_{b}$} & \textbf{$J_{a}$} & \textbf{Czas[s]} & \textbf{Gęstość} \\ \hline     ...     ..     ..     \end{longtable}      PS Is it possible to make horizontal lines bold ?? EDIT I decied to resign from booktabs and I used solution presented in here LaTeX tables: How do I make bold horizontal lines (typically \hline)? (pluton answer) now I have a horizontal bold lines and I also managed to make vertical lines bold. The problem however is horizontal line length. My table's length is a bit bigger than length of page (from one margin to another) and I think it makes the horizontal lines look like that ![enter image description here](http://i.stack.imgur.com/cZC3b.png) Is it possible to somehow adjust this command                   \def\hlinewd#1{%     \noalign{\ifnum0=`}\fi\hrule \@height #1 %     \futurelet\reserved@a\@xhline}       so that it adjust length of the bolded line to the length of the table Here is compilable code snipet               \documentclass[a4paper,12pt]{mwrep}          \usepackage[cp1250]{inputenc}     \usepackage[left=3.0cm,right=3cm,top=3.0cm,bottom=3.0cm]{geometry}     \usepackage{amsmath,amssymb}     \usepackage{graphicx}     \usepackage{setspace}      \usepackage{algorithmic}     \usepackage{tabularx}     \usepackage{longtable}          \usepackage[centerlast]{caption}     \usepackage{multirow}     \usepackage[section] {placeins}     \usepackage{booktabs}     \linespread{1.3}     \makeatletter     \def\hlinewd#1{%     \noalign{\ifnum0=`}\fi\hrule \@height #1 %     \futurelet\reserved@a\@xhline}     \makeatother     \begin{document}     \chapter{somechapter}     \section{somesection}     \small     \begin{longtable}{!{\vrule width 2pt} c!{\vrule width 2pt} c!{\vrule width 2pt} c!{\vrule width 2pt} c!{\vrule width 2pt} c!{\vrule width 2pt} c!{\vrule width 2pt} c!{\vrule width 2pt} c!{\vrule width 2pt} c!{\vrule width 2pt} }          \caption{something something somethingsomethingsomethingsomethingsomethingsomethingsomethingsomethingsomethingsomething}     \label{tab:budda}     \\ \hlinewd{2pt}     \multicolumn{2}{!{\vrule width 2pt}c!{\vrule width 2pt}}{\textbf{Query image }} & \multicolumn{3}{c!{\vrule width 2pt}}{\textbf{Processed image}} & \multicolumn{4}{c!{\vrule width 2pt}}{\textbf{Outcome}} \\ \hlinewd{2pt}          \textbf{Name} & \textbf{N} & \textbf{Directory} & \textbf{Name} & \textbf{N} & \textbf{ $J_{b}$} & \textbf{$J_{a}$} & \textbf{time[s]} & \textbf{Density} \\ \hlinewd{2pt}     022\_0007.jpg   &   193 &   budda   &   22\_0007.jpg    &   193 &   25512.9 &   156.1   &   288.5   &   0.73    \\  \hline       \end{longtable}     \end{document}


title: What is the analogue to \makechapterhead for \part?

text: I am formatting my thesis right now but I have problems with formatting the title page for each part of my thesis. Whereas I can access the format of each chapter using `\makechapterhead` and `\makeschapterhead`, I do not know how to access the analogue for `\part`. To illustrate my problem, this is what I did:               \documentclass[oneside,english,11pt,british]{book}     \usepackage[doublespacing]{setspace}          \makeatletter     \def\hrulefill{\leavevmode \leaders \hrule height 1pt\hfill \kern \z@\vspace* {-10\p@}}     \def\@makechapterhead#1{%     \vspace*{70\p@}%     {\parindent \z@ \raggedleft \reset@font            \Large \scshape \@chapapp{} \Large \thechapter\vspace*{-25\p@}         \par\nobreak         \interlinepenalty\@M\hrulefill\newline\vspace*{-5\p@}     \LARGE \bfseries #1\par\nobreak     \vspace*{-20\p@}%     \hrulefill     \par\nobreak     \vskip 30\p@     }}          \begin{document}     \part{This is part 1}     \chapter{This is my Chapter 1}     bla bla bla     \end{document}      Obviously, I want the first page containing the title of the part to have the same format as the format of the chapter. But I have no idea how to access the default settings. Does anyone know the analogue of `\makechapterhead`?


title: Single stacked bar, values and legend

text: \documentclass{article}     \usepackage{pgfplots}     \begin{document}     \pgfplotsset{testbar/.style={     title=strookdiagram sporten,     xbar stacked,     width=10cm,     axis y line*= none, axis x line*= bottom,     xmajorgrids = true,     xmin=0,xmax=100,     ytick = data,     yticklabels = {},     tick align = outside, xtick pos = left,     bar width=6mm, y=8mm,     enlarge y limits={abs=0.625},% 0.5 + 0.5*(y - bar width)/y [TeX.sx #47995]     nodes near coords,     nodes near coords align={left},     }}     \begin{tikzpicture}     \begin{axis}[testbar]          \addplot[fill=red!40] coordinates{(20,0) };         \addplot[fill=gray!40] coordinates{(10,0)};         \addplot[fill=green!40] coordinates{(20,0) };         \addplot[fill=orange!40] coordinates{(40,0) };         \addplot[fill=blue!40] coordinates{(3,0) };         \addplot[fill=red!40] coordinates{(7,0) };     \end{axis}     \end{tikzpicture}     \end{document}      I wanted to make a stacked bar graph, horizontal, with a legend and the percentage of each piece. The code above gives me: ![stacked bar test1](http://i.stack.imgur.com/b0uv7.png) But as you can see, the percentages are all zero. I also want a legend. Thanks in advance. EDIT I changed the code with the help of Jesse, so I now my code is:                \documentclass{article}      \usepackage{pgfplots}      \usetikzlibrary{positioning}      \begin{document}      \pgfplotsset{testbar/.style={      title=strookdiagram sporten,      title style={yshift=10pt},      xbar stacked, area style,     width=10cm,     axis y line*= none, axis x line*= bottom,     xmajorgrids = true,     xmin=0,     xmax=100,     x=1mm,     xtick={0,10,...,100},     ytick = data,     yticklabels = {},     tick align = outside, xtick pos = left,     bar width=6mm, y=8mm,     enlarge y limits={abs=0.625},% 0.5 + 0.5*(y - bar width)/y [TeX.sx #47995]     %nodes near coords,     nodes near coords={\pgfmathprintnumber\pgfplotspointmeta\%}     every node near coord/.append style={rotate=-90,font=\small, left,shift={(axis direction cs:-3,0)}}     }}     \begin{tikzpicture}     \begin{axis}[testbar,legend style={area legend, at={(0.5,-0.85)}, anchor=north, legend columns=-1}]      \addplot[fill=red!40] coordinates{(20,0) };     \addplot[fill=gray!40] coordinates{(10,0)};     \addplot[fill=green!40] coordinates{(20,0) };     \addplot[fill=orange!40] coordinates{(40,0)};     \addplot[fill=blue!40] coordinates{(3,0) };     \addplot[fill=red!40] coordinates{(7,0) };     \legend{Voetbal,Netbal,C,D,E,F}     \end{axis}     \end{tikzpicture}     \end{document}      But the image it gives me is now ![version 2](http://i.stack.imgur.com/lEQ6i.png) I've updated all packages with TeX Live Utilty and my TeX editor is TeXpad.


title: hyperref, lualatex and unicode bookmarks issue (garbled page numbers in AR for Linux)

text: I have text with some non-ascii characters in chapters, sections... which I'd like to see in bookmarks displayed correctly. I noticed that,   * If I run `xelatex`, everything is fine, no need to set `\hypersetup{unicode=true}` to get this working   * If I run `lualatex`, I have these issues:     1. If `unicode=false`, then bookmarks containing non-ascii characters have strange unreadable symbols instead of those chars, but everything else is fine     2. If `unicode=true`, then bookmarks are just fine, but page numbers in resulting PDF file are garbled in Adobe Reader 9 on Linux (and Okular shows some strange symbols in bookmark pane too) Is it a driver issue? Any suggestion how to overcome this problem? Here's a MWE:               \documentclass{article}         \usepackage{hyperref}      %\hypersetup{unicode=true}          \begin{document}            \section{Test 1 čćžđš}         Some text.\clearpage            \section{Test 2 šđžćč}         Some text.          \end{document}      **A notice** : I tried to post this question on comp.text.tex earlier, but something went wrong and it didn't show up. Anyway, if the post shows up later, I'll post the link here.


title: Is it possible to add hidden text to a caption that only appears in the table of figures?

text: I want to add additional information about some figures that should only show up in the list of figures. Is this possible?


title: First letter in gothic font

text: I am trying to achieve what I would call a simple customization and yet I can't manage to get it. In particular I would like to have the first letter of the paragraph written in Gothic font such as in this image ![would like](http://behance.vo.llnwd.net/profiles17/691966/projects/2336106/953d522a7a673748c9cb6161add26287.jpg) I tried using the packages `lettrine` and `yfonts` but it seems that I'm missing something... Here is my code yet               \documentclass[oneside, 11pt]{memoir}          \usepackage{lettrine}     \usepackage{yfonts}          \begin{document}          \yinipar{L}{orem} ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisici elit, sed eiusmod tempor incidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquid ex ea commodi consequat. Quis aute iure reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur.           \yinipar{\textgoth{L}}{orem} ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisici elit, sed eiusmod tempor incidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquid ex ea commodi consequat. Quis aute iure reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur.           \lettrine[lines=3]{\gothfamily\fontsize{50}{60}L}{orem}  ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisici elit, sed eiusmod tempor incidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquid ex ea commodi consequat. Quis aute iure reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur.           \lettrine[lines=3]{\textgoth{L}}{orem} ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisici elit, sed eiusmod tempor incidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquid ex ea commodi consequat. Quis aute iure reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur.           \end{document}      The command `\yinifonts` (first example) uses another font, by trying to change it (second example) I don't get the right font dimension. Using the `\lettrine` I feel to be much closer but I cant get to make this font 3 lines high.


title: Latex citation index in bibliography

text: Im usng WinEDT with BibTxtMng. My problem is in the bibliography. So, if I cited from Wikipedia as my first citation and then the second citation is the Matlab, The bibliography will not show the Wikipedia as the frst and the Matlab as the Second, but the vice versa. And also in the paragraph, theiindex for the wikipedia will be [2] and Matlab will be [1]. I dont want it. I want the bibliography and the index is in order as I write. I want Wikipedia[1] Matlab[2] Not Wikipedia[2] Matlab[1]


title: Bibliography contents page numbering - LaTeX

text: I have added a bibliography to my document in LaTeX which is 2 1/2 pages long. In the contents page the page number for the Bibliography is recorded as the final page of the bibliography instead of the first. So it starts on page 56 and ends on page 58, with the contents page displaying page 58. This is where the bibliography is added.               \bibliography{SFBib}     \bibliographystyle{plainnat}     \addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{Bibliography}      And the contents page:               \tableofcontents      Could anyone suggest how to display the correct page numbering on the contents page?


title: How to check if the value of a parameter is a number?

text: I have a command with a parameter. I want to check if its value is a positive number and perform actions based on that.               \newcommand{\mycommand}[1]{         \ifnum#1>0%             %some actions         \fi     }      But I receive errors when the value of the parameter is not a number, e.g.:               \mycommand{*}      How can I check if the value of #1 is a number?


title: Getting commutative diagrams in TikZ to work

text: I'm new to making documents in LaTeX, though I've used just math mode for a while. I've installed `texlive-core` via `texlive-most` from the Arch repositories and rendered a few basic documents. However, when I try to render this (taken verbatim from here):               \documentclass{article}     \usepackage{tikz}     \usetikzlibrary{matrix}     \begin{document}     \begin{tikzpicture}       \matrix (m) [matrix of math nodes,row sep=3em,column sep=4em,minimum width=2em] {          F_t(x) & F(x) \\          A_t & A \\};       \path[-stealth]         (m-1-1) edge node [left] {$\mathcal{B}_X$} (m-2-1)                 edge [double] node [below] {$\mathcal{B}_t$} (m-1-2)         (m-2-1.east|-m-2-2) edge node [below] {$\mathcal{B}_T$} node [above] {$\exists$} (m-2-2)         (m-1-2) edge node [right] {$\mathcal{B}_T$} (m-2-2)                 edge [dashed,-] (m-2-1);     \end{tikzpicture}     \end{document}      I don't see any of the lines or arrows – just F_t(x), F(x), some letters written over each other, A_t and A in a roughly rectangular shape: ![What should have been a diagram](http://i.stack.imgur.com/eSGjL.png) And here's the log file, in which there seem to be no errors or warnings:               This is pdfTeX, Version 3.1415926-2.5-1.40.14 (TeX Live 2013/Arch Linux) (format=latex 2014.6.30)  30 JUN 2014 22:39     entering extended mode      restricted \write18 enabled.      %&-line parsing enabled.     **comdia.tex     (./comdia.tex     LaTeX2e <2011/06/27>     Babel <3.9h> and hyphenation patterns for 78 languages loaded.     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LaTeX Font Info:    Checking defaults for OML/cmm/m/it on input line 4.     LaTeX Font Info:    ... okay on input line 4.     LaTeX Font Info:    Checking defaults for T1/cmr/m/n on input line 4.     LaTeX Font Info:    ... okay on input line 4.     LaTeX Font Info:    Checking defaults for OT1/cmr/m/n on input line 4.     LaTeX Font Info:    ... okay on input line 4.     LaTeX Font Info:    Checking defaults for OMS/cmsy/m/n on input line 4.     LaTeX Font Info:    ... okay on input line 4.     LaTeX Font Info:    Checking defaults for OMX/cmex/m/n on input line 4.     LaTeX Font Info:    ... okay on input line 4.     LaTeX Font Info:    Checking defaults for U/cmr/m/n on input line 4.     LaTeX Font Info:    ... okay on input line 4.      ABD: EveryShipout initializing macros     LaTeX Font Info:    External font `cmex10' loaded for size     (Font)              <7> on input line 7.     LaTeX Font Info:    External font `cmex10' loaded for size     (Font)              <5> on input line 7.      [1          ]     (./comdia.aux) )      Here is how much of TeX's memory you used:      10425 strings out of 493309      216369 string characters out of 6143642      250129 words of memory out of 5000000      13741 multiletter control sequences out of 15000+600000      3640 words of font info for 14 fonts, out of 8000000 for 9000      957 hyphenation exceptions out of 8191      55i,12n,70p,410b,787s stack positions out of 5000i,500n,10000p,200000b,80000s          Output written on comdia.dvi (1 page, 9056 bytes).      I've heard that TikZ shouldn't be installed directly, but it's obviously not working properly. What should I do?


title: force figure into page width

text: I have a two columns document. And I to force a figure into a full paper width. I tried this:               \begin{center}        \makebox[\textwidth]{\includegraphics[width=\paperwidth]{figures/reviewprocessmodel}}      \end{center}      But the figure overlaps with the text. any ideas!


title: What package supports this kind of timeline?

text: I found some examples of timelines on the site, but they don't seem fit for the type of graph I want to create. Basically I'd like to create one of those timelines you see in books, where you compare several lifetimes of various authors, in order to see when they were born and when they died. A realistic example of what I want to do is this: ![timeline example](http://i.stack.imgur.com/Z06z2.png) Note: the highlighting color is arbitrary and I don't require it to be of that particular grayscale. Although if an option to customize it was available, it would certainly be a plus. However, there is a sort of limit. The timespan I want to cover consists of **150 years** : from 1790 to 1940, and all of the packages I tried went over the page limit, even using the `landscape` option. **Update** : I thank everyone for the help provided, the solutions look nice. But I think my example was a bit misleading. The reason that made me avoid choosing that solution or adopting the tabular one, was that the bars can only start and end at regular points, so if someone was born at "1903", the bars would not be able to indicate such dates in a precise way if we were using a table. I apologize if this undermines the answers, but I needed to point this out. If this is taken into consideration in your answer but it was just not explicit or if I missed, please let me know.


title: Customize chapterstyle in memoir

text: I like the `ell` chapterstyle which is built into `memoir`, but I want to customize it. I like the chapter number and the lines around it, but I want the chapter title to be written in the same size and font as it would be in the `default` chapterstyle. How can I make this change to the built-in `ell` chapterstyle? (Hopefully this will also be illustrative in learning how to customize any of the built-in `memoir` chapterstyles.)               \documentclass{memoir}     \chapterstyle{ell}     \begin{document}     \chapter{Introduction}     I want ``Introduction'' to have the same size and font     as it would in the ``default'' chapterstyle.     \end{document}


title: Parameter to the acronym environment changes the font of the acronym column

text: If I add a parameter to the `acronym` environment in order to set the width of the acronym column, the font of the text in the acronym column automatically changes. How can I prevent (or at least control) that? Below is a MWE with a parameter `[PdL]` loaded:               \documentclass[12pt,a4paper]{article}     \usepackage[T1]{fontenc}     \usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}     \usepackage[american]{babel}     \usepackage[babel]{csquotes}          \usepackage{acronym}          \begin{document}     \begin{acronym}[PdL]         \acro{PD}{Democratic Party (\textit{Partito Democratico})}         \acro{PdL}{The People of Freedom (\textit{Il Popolo della Libertà})}     \end{acronym}     \end{document}      ![Parameter loaded](http://i.stack.imgur.com/awDSh.png) And below is the output of the same example, but without the parameter `[PdL]` loaded: ![No parameter loaded](http://i.stack.imgur.com/xDagg.png)


title: Aligning different and numbered equations in Latex

text: I can align different lines of the same equation in **Latex** with this code:               \begin{equation}     \begin{align}      \frac{\partial a}{\partial b}(x)&=\frac{\partial a}{\partial c}\times \frac{\partial c}{\partial b} = \\       &= \frac{\partial a}{\partial c}(x)\times \frac{\partial c}{\partial b}     \end{align}     \end{equation}       ![enter image description here](http://i.stack.imgur.com/0JBtx.gif) but I couldn't find any solution for **aligning different numbered equations** like these:               \begin{equation}     q_{new} = q \times q(\omega + \Omega) \Delta t     \end{equation}          \begin{equation}      v_{new} = v + V      \end{equation}          \begin{equation}     \omega_{new} = \omega + \Omega      \end{equation}      I get this output, which is not aligned by equal sign: ![enter image description here](http://i.stack.imgur.com/ZqtVL.gif) Which is the right way to proceed? **EDIT** The solution was using               \begin{align}     \end{align}      Numeration is managed at the same time as equation environment so I can mix both, I didn't know that. Simpler and cleaner.


title: formulas in bold theorem titles in ntheorem package

text: I'm not quite sure if this counts as a bug or a feature but I have the following problem with the `ntheorem` package. The theorem title is bold face, which I like, but in math formulas setting some (or all) letters to bold may change the meaning of the mathematical quantities (vectors are bold, scalars are normal etc) So my question: how can I avoid that the mathematical formulas in the title of the theorem are changed but the rest of the title is still set in bold? As far as I can see the problem does not occur in the (obsolete) theorem package.


title: Minimal bidi for typesetting RL text

text: I need to typeset RTL text (Arabic, Persian) for linguistics books. I know of the `bidi` package. But `bidi`is way to powerful for our purposes and it has many side effects (it basically affects everything: title, footnotes, margin notes, ...). This results in problems with `hyperref` as described here: bidi and hyperref change hyphenation What I need is just the support for using the script in the main text. So the question is: What do I need for this functionality? Can I use code from the `bidi` package? Could there be a package that users like me and `bidi`loads? This would be most modular, I guess ...               \documentclass{scrbook}               \usepackage{fontspec}          \usepackage{bidi}          \newfontfamily\Parsifont[Script=Arabic]{XB Niloofar}     \usepackage{bidi}     \newcommand{\PRL}[1]{\RL{\Parsifont #1}}          \begin{document}          Some Persian example: \PRL{او مرد را دوست نخواهد داشت.}          \end{document}      **Edit** : OK. I now have the following. This works nicely for one line, but breaks for longer text. The problem is that after a linebreak text should start at the right hand site and not in the middle of the page as if it was left to right text ending in the middle of the page.               \documentclass{scrbook}          \usepackage{fontspec}                 \newfontfamily\Parsifont[Script=Arabic]{XB Niloofar}          \newcommand{\TeXXeTOn}{\TeXXeTstate=1 }     \newcommand{\TeXXeTOff}{\TeXXeTstate=0 }     \TeXXeTOn          \newcommand{\RL}[1]{\beginR #1\endR}          \newcommand{\PRL}[1]{\RL{\Parsifont #1}}          \begin{document}          Some Persian example: \PRL{او مرد را دوست نخواهد داشت.}               \PRL{او مرد را دوست نخواهد داشت. و مرد را دوست نخواهد داشت. و مرد را دوست نخواهد داشت. و مرد را دوست نخواهد داشت.}               \end{document}


title: pgfplots legend: how can I set the column/row order of legend entries?

text: By default, pgfplots seems to add legend entries row-wise. However, I've plot where I'd like a two-column legend (16 curves) and the first 8 entries to be added to the first column before starting the second column. Gnuplot has this behaviour by default, but I can't control the legend style as well as in pgfplots. My code is shown below. Can anyone help me?               \documentclass[landscape]{article}          \usepackage{pgfplots}          \begin{document}          \pgfplotsset{         legend style={%             at={(.99,0.99)},             anchor=north east,             legend columns=2,             font=\footnotesize,         },         width=16.18cm,height=6.18cm,         xmin=0,xmax=100.01,         ymin=0,ymax=8,         xtick={0,10,...,100},         ytick={0,2,...,8},         xlabel={\large Downstream distance, $x$/[cm]},         ylabel={\large Height profile, $h(x,t)$/[cm]},         grid=major,     }          \begin{tikzpicture}          \begin{axis}     \addplot gnuplot [id=p1] {07-09-14/t_0.25.dat u 1:2};     \addplot gnuplot [id=p2] {07-09-14/t_0.5.dat u 1:2};     \addplot gnuplot [id=p3] {07-09-14/t_0.75.dat u 1:2};     \addplot gnuplot [id=p4] {07-09-14/t_1.dat u 1:2};     \addplot gnuplot [id=p5] {07-09-14/t_1.25.dat u 1:2};     \addplot gnuplot [id=p6] {07-09-14/t_1.5.dat u 1:2};     \addplot gnuplot [id=p7] {07-09-14/t_1.75.dat u 1:2};     \addplot gnuplot [id=p8] {07-09-14/t_2.dat u 1:2};     \addplot gnuplot [id=p9] {07-09-14/t_2.25.dat u 1:2};     \addplot gnuplot [id=p10] {07-09-14/t_2.5.dat u 1:2};     \addplot gnuplot [id=p11] {07-09-14/t_2.75.dat u 1:2};     \addplot gnuplot [id=p12] {07-09-14/t_3.dat u 1:2};     \addplot gnuplot [id=p13] {07-09-14/t_3.25.dat u 1:2};     \addplot gnuplot [id=p14] {07-09-14/t_3.5.dat u 1:2};     \addplot gnuplot [id=p15] {07-09-14/t_3.75.dat u 1:2};     \addplot gnuplot [id=p16] {07-09-14/t_4.dat u 1:2};          \legend{{$t=0.25$ s},{$t=0.5$ s},{$t=0.75$ s},{$t=1$ s},{$t=1.25$ s},{$t=1.5$ s},{$t=1.75$ s},{$t=2$ s},{$t=2.25$ s},{$t=2.5$ s},{$t=2.75$ s},{$t=3$ s},{$t=3.25$ s},{$t=3.5$ s},{$t=3.75$ s},{$t=4$ s}};          \end{axis}          \end{tikzpicture}          \end{document}


title: Relative paths with TeXstudio under Windows (portable installation)

text: I have just installed TeXLive 2013 Portable (Windows, full install) on my USB stick, and have also extracted the TeXstudio USB zip into the root of my USB. The folder hierarchy is as follows: USB Root   |------ texlive   |------ TeXStudio When I ran TexStudio from the USB I initially set up direct paths to the TeXlive directory (USB stick is drive D):               PDFLaTeX: "D:/texlive/bin/win32/pdflatex" -synctex=1 -interaction=nonstopmode %.tex      etc. It compiled a basic Hello World file fine (PDFLaTeX). To make my installation portable, I changed the paths to relative ones so I could use the USB stick on other PCs.               PDFLaTeX: "../texlive/bin/win32/pdflatex" -synctex=1 -interaction=nonstopmode %.tex      Now when I try to compile the same file I get the following error:               Process started: "../texlive/bin/win32/pdflatex" -synctex=1 -interaction=nonstopmode "texstudio_pG4740".tex     (null): fatal: Can't determine where the executable ..\texlive\bin\win32\pdflatex is. .     Process exited with error(s)      Obviously it can't find the executables anymore. Am I using the correct syntax for relative paths? This is a Windows machine by the way.


title: Setting TEXINPUTS with special character in Makefile

text: Files and directory:               main.tex     Makefile     figures-[special,char(acters)]/figure[1.1].pdf     figures/figure[1.1].pdf      `main.tex`:               \documentclass{article}     \usepackage{graphics}     \usepackage{grffile}     \begin{document}     % \graphicspath{{./figures-[special,char(acters)]/}} % with graphicspath it works     \includegraphics{figure[1.1]}     \end{document}      `Makefile`:               TEXINPUTS:=.:./figures-[special,char(acters)]/:     # Following folder name works     #TEXINPUTS:=.:./figures/:     export TEXINPUTS          all: main.pdf          %.pdf: %.tex          latexmk -pdf  $<      I am not able to figure out how to properly escape the TEXINPUTS path in the Makefile. Using graphicspath setting in `main.tex` allows using these special characters. **UPDATE** List of special characters I am interested in: square brackets, parentheses, commas and spaces. The OS is Linux Debian 7 with bash 4.2 and GNU Make 3.81, and TexLive 2013 installed into user home directory.


title: how to save the final box at the end of tikzpicture?

text: Perhaps the question is unclear. I know how to put a tikzpicture inside a box. I made it in this question like this               \newsavebox{\mycandle}     \savebox{\mycandle}{%        \begin{tikzpicture}[scale=.1]        ...       \end{tikzpicture}       }       But in this case I put a box (`\pgfpic`perhaps it's the final box) into a box and I would like to know if it's possible to save the final box when `\endtikzpicture` arrives. I'm not sure but I think the good box is `\pgfpic`. In the file `pgfcorescopes.code.tex` and at the end of the macro `\endpgfpicture`, I found `\pgfsys@endpicture` and then `\pgfsys@typesetpicturebox\pgfpic`. Th first seems to depend of the driver and I don't understand the code and for the second macro `\pgfsys@typesetpicturebox` the definition is inside the file pgfsys.code.tex Here the code of this macro :               \def\pgfsys@typesetpicturebox#1{%       \pgf@ya=\pgf@shift@baseline\relax%       \advance\pgf@ya by-\pgf@picminy\relax%       %       %       \advance\pgf@picmaxy by-\pgf@picminy\relax% maxy is now the height       \advance\pgf@picmaxx by-\pgf@picminx\relax% maxx is now the width       \setbox#1=\hbox{\hskip-\pgf@picminx\lower\pgf@picminy\box#1}%       \ht#1=\pgf@picmaxy%       \wd#1=\pgf@picmaxx%       \dp#1=0pt%       \leavevmode%       \pgf@xa=\pgf@trimleft@final\relax  \ifdim\pgf@xa=0pt \else\kern\pgf@xa\fi       \raise-\pgf@ya\box#1%       \pgf@xa=\pgf@trimright@final\relax \ifdim\pgf@xa=0pt \else\kern\pgf@xa\fi     }                But I don't understand the comment about this macro : > >     % Called after a picture has been typeset in box #1. This >     % command should insert the box into the normal TeX code. The box #1 >     % will still be a ``raw'' box that contains only the \special's. The >     % job of this command is to resize and shift this box according to the >     % baseline shift and the size of the box. >     % >     % This command has a default implementation. >   Well I'm lost in all these codes and I'm not sure if what I want is possible. Perhaps it's a bad idea.


title: Grid missing horizontal lines

text: The following code:               \begin{figure}[!t]     \centering%     \begin{tikzpicture}[xscale=1,yscale=1,auto, inner sep=0pt,remember picture]     \node[anchor=north west,inner sep=0] (image) at (0,0) {\adjustbox{margin=1em,width=\textwidth,set height=4cm,set depth=4cm,frame,center}{Dummy}};     \begin{scope}[x={(image.north east)},y={(image.south west)}]     \draw[step=0.1,black,thin] (0,0) grid (1,1);     \foreach \x in {0,1,...,9} { \node [anchor=west] at (\x/10,0) {0.\x}; }     \foreach \y in {0,1,...,9} { \node [anchor=north] at (0,\y/10) {0.\y}; }     \end{scope}     \end{tikzpicture}     \end{figure}      generates:     ![enter code here](http://i.stack.imgur.com/fYIsT.png) Why are the horizontal lines missing? I have the same problem with real figures (i.e. loading images with `\includegraphics`)


title: Adaptively sized delimiters that don't go beyond the size of \bigl and \bigr

text: I would like adaptively sized delimiters, but only up to `\bigl`/`\bigr`-size. That is, there is variation only between ordinary/normal size and one size higher.               \documentclass{article}     \usepackage{amsmath}          \newcommand*{\abs}[1]{\left\lvert#1\right\rvert}               \begin{document}          \(\abs{M} + \abs{M^2} + \abs{\abs{M^2}^2}\)       % the outer delimiters on the right are of the size of \Bigl and \Bigr       % (i.e. the next larger size after that of \bigl and \bigr)          \(\abs{M} + \abs{M^2} + \bigl\lvert \abs{M^2}^2 \bigr\rvert\)          \end{document}      How can I achieve this? For the above code, this would amount to defining `\abs` in a way that makes the two lines look the same. (Here the default behavior of `\left` and `\right` (i.e. scaling to `\bigl`/`\bigr`) looks better, but I'm trying to keep the example short; I'd have to load a lot of packages to demonstrate my personal need. Also, a simple reason is that I need to embed certain formulas in paragraph text.)


title: Arrows disappear if 0.9999 is replaced with 1 in TikZ

text: A slight change in TikZ code makes arrows disappear. I want to know what went wrong. Consider the following code:               \documentclass[tikz]{standalone}     \usetikzlibrary{arrows,decorations.markings}     \begin{document}     \begin{tikzpicture}         [myarrow/.style={         decoration=            {markings,mark=at position 0.9999 with {\arrow[line width=0.1mm, scale=2]{stealth'}}},         postaction={decorate}         }]     \node[circle,draw] (A) at (0,2) {A};     \node[circle,draw] (B) at (2,2) {B};     \node[circle,draw] (C) at (0,0) {C};     \node[circle,draw] (D) at (2,0) {D};     \node (E) at (1,1.5) {};     \draw[myarrow] (A) -- (B);     \draw[myarrow] (E) to [out=270,in=20] (C);     \draw[myarrow] (E) to [out=270,in=160] (D);     \end{tikzpicture}     \end{document}      Compiling it with pdflatex generates the following figure without errors: ![enter image description here](http://i.stack.imgur.com/c63XM.png) But, if the number 0.9999 in the 7th line in the code is replaced with 1, then the arrow at B remains, but the arrows at C and D disappear (without error messages). Can anyone help, please?


title: Rotate Header table

text: I've recently encountered PDF from a latex document where the header are rotated. As it's hard to explain I thought an image should be used: ![image](http://i.stack.imgur.com/rdoot.png) Does anyone have any idea how to create such table?


title: counterwithin problems with table of content

text: I would like to use the option counterwithin to get my numbering as I, I.1., I.2, .., II, II.1, II.2,... I use the following minimal script               \documentclass[11pt, a4paper, twoside, openany]{scrbook}     \usepackage{chngcntr}     \counterwithin{chapter}{part}     \begin{document}     \tableofcontents     \part{This is part 1}     \chapter{This is I.1}     \part{This is part 2}     \chapter{This is II.1}     \end{document}      This does what I want, but in the table of content, for some reason, there is not enough space between the numbers and the chapter names. As the roman numbers get longer, the numbers and text even overlap. ![in table of contenn, spacing between number and text is not correct](http://i.stack.imgur.com/XPkGT.png)


title: How to typeset indices before a symbol?

text: I know how to write a usual index with the help of the underscore, but I seem to be unable to find out how to write an (upper/lower) index in front of a letter/text. These kind of indices are common in chemistry.


title: LaTeX: use different fonts in math mode

text: I'm trying to use two different fonts in math mode. Concretely, I would like to use uppercase letters of font Palatino to give names to matrices, leaving the rest in Computer modern, so that matrices have their own style. Is it possible?


title: Style problem in algorithmic package

text: I'm using algorithmic package and I write algorithms. It seems OK but the operators, like IF, ELSE, FOR, ENDIF, etc., are not bold. Is there anyone that has an idea? Here is an example:               \begin{algorithm}       \caption{Tournament algorithm}       \label{alg:algoTournament}     \begin{boxedminipage}{155mm}         \begin{algorithmic}[1]         \STATE $fitness \leftarrow 0$         \STATE $groupIndex \leftarrow -1$         \FOR {$i \leftarrow 1$ to $tournamentSize$}             \STATE Select a random group G1             \IF {$G1$ in $selectedGroups$}                 \STATE Select another group for G1             \ENDIF             \IF {$fitness < fitnessOfSelectedGroup$}                 \STATE {$fitness=fitnessOfSelectedGroup$}                 \STATE {$groupIndex=indexOfSelectedGroup$}             \ELSE                  \STATE continue             \ENDIF             \STATE Add $G1$ to $selectedGroups$         \ENDFOR         \STATE return $groupIndex$        \end{algorithmic}     \end{boxedminipage}      \vskip17.5pt     \end{algorithm}


title: Is it possible to assign to two extra x-tick labels different colors?

text: I think the question says it all. I'd like to have two extra x tick labels with different colors. I thought of using a cycle command, but I couldn't figure out how it should work. I changed the color of both labels to red using               every extra x tick/.style={xticklabel style={color=red}},      and the xticklabel command is needed for a correct alignment of the labels (essentially with anchor=north). Here comes the MWE (or MNWE):               \documentclass{scrreprt}     \usepackage{tikz,pgfplots}     \begin{document}      \begin{tikzpicture}       \begin{axis}[         every extra x tick/.style={grid=none, xticklabel           style={anchor=north, color=red}},         extra x ticks ={0.5,1.5},         extra x tick labels={$s_l$,$s_r$},            ]     \addplot (x,x);       \end{axis}     \end{tikzpicture}          \end{document}


title: beamer table of contents shade all previous sections

text: How do I shade in a LaTeX beamer only the previous sections but not the following sections? Just right now I have something like               \documentclass{beamer}          \begin{document}          \section{Section1}     \section{Section2}     \tableofcontents[currentsection]      \section{Section3}     \frame{}          \end{document}      which leads to a TOC which highlights Section2 and shades the other sections ![Highlighting only Section2](http://i.stack.imgur.com/eQjKw.png). The desired behaviour would be to highlight Section2 and Section3 and shade only Section1


title: keep alignment under enumerate

text: I would like to keep the indentation for my fraction that appears below my first item however i don't know how to align it if itself is not an item. source code:               \documentclass{article}     \usepackage[margin=10pt, paperwidth=992pt, paperheight=558pt]{geometry}     \usepackage[fleqn]{amsmath}     \usepackage{multicol}     \usepackage{enumerate}     \usepackage[dvipsnames]{xcolor}     \usepackage{stix}     \begin{document}     \LARGE     \begin{enumerate}[\color{MidnightBlue} 1.]     \item Simplify the following:     \begin{multicols}{3}     \begin{enumerate}[\color{MidnightBlue} (a)]         \item \quad $\displaystyle \frac{2}{3} + \frac{4}{3}$ \\         \quad $\displaystyle \frac{6}{3}$         \item \quad $\displaystyle \frac{1}{4} + \frac{1}{2}$         \item \quad $\displaystyle \frac{4}{3} + \frac{2}{5}$         \item \quad $\displaystyle \frac{2}{3} + \frac{1}{4}$         \item \quad $\displaystyle \frac{4}{5} + \frac{3}{2}$         \item \quad $\displaystyle \frac{5}{6} + \frac{2}{3}$     \end{enumerate}     \end{multicols}     \end{enumerate}     \end{document}      and the displayed output: ![1](http://i.imgur.com/dn2mReT.png) what i want: ![2](http://i.imgur.com/3Qb3lv5.png) I also feel like /quad is a sloppy solution to add spacing after enumerate and also not entirely sure how to add more space after and before the fractions ie: ![3](http://i.imgur.com/iiSVb0P.png) someone suggested adjsuting the \baselineskip to increase this space, not really sure how to do that though. thanks


title: pgfplotstable, round-off error

text: I'd like to do some simple computation in my table and it looks like I'm seeing some round-off errors. Does anybody know the precision that pgfplotstable uses internally? Is there any work around besides that following really ugly hack, that I actually don't know, why it's working at all? Here's my concrete MWE:               \documentclass{article}     \usepackage{pgfplotstable}     \begin{document}       \pgfplotstableread[col sep = comma]{         a,         b,         640000,    3200,           1920000,   3200,         3200000,   3200,         6400000,   3200,         12800000,  3200,       } \data       \begin{table}         \pgfplotstableset{create on use/c/.style={create col/expr={2*\thisrow{a}+5*\thisrow{b}}}}        \pgfplotstableset{create on use/d/.style={create col/expr={(2*(\thisrow{a}*256)+5*(\thisrow{b}*256))/256}}}        \pgfplotstabletypeset[columns={a,b,c,d},          columns/a/.style={column name={a}, fixed, precision=0, column type={r|}, },          columns/b/.style={column name={b}, fixed, precision=0, column type={r|}, },          columns/c/.style={column name={formular}, fixed, precision=0, column type={r|}, },          columns/d/.style={column name={Hack}, fixed, precision=0, column type={r|}, },        ]{\data}      \end{table}     \end{document}      Thanks a lot, Juhui