title: sum two numbers in \ifnum

text: I would like to implement a command in LaTeX which would sum two numbers before comparing them to a third number as follows:               \ifnum #1+45>0         above     \else          left     \fi      where `#1` is an angle in degrees. Unfortunately it doesn't work. Please, could you help me how to fix that? Many thanks. The whole code after advice from Werner:               \documentclass{memoir}     \usepackage{tikz}     \usetikzlibrary{arrows}          \makeatletter     \newcommand{\compare}[1]{%       \ifdim\dimexpr#1pt+45pt\relax>\z@\relax         above%       \else          left%       \fi     }     \makeatother          % define arrows     % general right to left double harpoon     % define four connection position #5 and connect the arrows in +-5degrees     % first parameter define origin node      % second parameter define destination node,     % third parameter label of top arrow     % fourth parameter label of bottom arrow     % fifth parameter define connection point - angle in degrees on the origin node     \newcommand{\grldh}[5]{         \draw[-left to,thick] ({#1}.{#5+5}) -- node[\compare{#5}] {\scriptsize #3} ({#2}.{#5+175});         \draw[left to-,thick] ({#1}.{#5+355}) -- node[below] {\scriptsize #4} ({#2}.{#5+185});      }          \begin{document}     \pagenumbering{gobble}       \begin{tikzpicture}[         state/.style={         % The shape:         circle,minimum size=3mm,rounded corners=3mm,         },          scale=1.5]         % draw nodes         \path               (0,5)  node (N05) [state] {$C$}               (1,5)  node (N15) [state] {$O$}               (1,4)  node (N14) [state] {$I$};         % draw paths         \grldh{N05}{N15}{$\alpha$}{$\beta$}{0};         \grldh{N05}{N14}{$\gamma$}{$\delta$}{-45};         \grldh{N15}{N14}{$\gamma$}{$\delta$}{-90};              \end{tikzpicture}          \end{document}


title: problem when writing an equation with latex: missing delimiter (. inserted) \end{equation}

text: I tried this and that, but could not solve this problem. Here is the code that produces this error:               \begin{equation}     o=g(h)=\left\{\begin{array}{rcl}         1 & if & h <   0 \\         0 & if & h \le 0      \end{array}\right     \end{equation}      The error is given on the line `\end{equation}` resides. Thanks.


title: Create a diagram to display composition of functions

text: So as to produce exercises about compositions of function, I would like to produce something like this (ugly) picture. ![enter image description here](http://i.stack.imgur.com/o3Ppv.png) From LaTeX point of view, the syntax could be like this :               \compoDiagram[$G \circ f$]{$x$}{$F$}{$y=F(x)}{G}{$z=G(y)=G \circ F(x)$}      The optional argument would be to display or not the "composition" arrow.


title: How to change text position and angle on the arrows, and how to change the position of boxes in TikZ?

text: I am using TikZ for making path diagram. Code is given below               \documentclass[landscape]{article}          \usepackage[latin1]{inputenc}     \usepackage{tikz}     \usetikzlibrary{shapes,arrows}     \begin{document}     \pagestyle{empty}               % Define block styles     \tikzstyle{decision} = [diamond, draw, fill=blue!20,          text width=4.5em, text badly centered, node distance=3cm, inner sep=0pt]     \tikzstyle{block} = [rectangle, draw, fill=blue!20,          text width=6em, text centered, rounded corners, minimum height=4em]     \tikzstyle{line} = [draw, -latex']     \tikzstyle{cloud} = [draw, ellipse,fill=red!20, node distance=3cm,         minimum height=2em]     \begin{tikzpicture}[node distance = 3cm, auto][bend angle=45]     \node [block] (sq1) {PM};     \node [block, below of=sq1] (sq2) {KP};     \node [block, below of=sq2] (sq3) {TKW};     \node [block, left of=sq1,node distance=7cm] (sq4) {PM.GMXTD};     \node [block, left of=sq2,node distance=7cm] (sq5) {KP.GHM};     \node [block, left of=sq3,node distance=7cm] (sq6) {PM.GPRF};     \node [block, below of=sq6] (sq7) {KP.GMNTD};     \node [block, right of=sq2,node distance=7cm] (sq8) {Yield};     \path [line] (sq4) -- node {0.35}(sq1);     \path [line] (sq5) -- node {0.232}(sq2);     \path [line] (sq6) -- node {0.393}(sq3);     \path [line] (sq7) -- node {0.26}(sq3);     \path [line] (sq1) -- node {0.807}(sq8);     \path [line] (sq2) -- node {1.189}(sq8);     \path [line] (sq3) -- node {0.653}(sq8);     \path [line] (sq2) -- node {-0.926}(sq3);     \path [line] (sq1) -- node {-0.65}(sq2);     \path [line] (sq1) to [bend left=45] node {-0.528}(sq3);     \path [line] (sq4) to [bend left=45] node {0.158}(sq8);     \path [line] (sq7) to [bend right=45] node {0.207}(sq8);     \path [line] (sq5) to [bend left=55] node {0.456}(sq8);     \end{tikzpicture}     \end{document}      ![enter image description here](http://i.stack.imgur.com/I0vPJ.png) I have following three questions. 1) Is it possible to change the text position along the arrows? 2) Is it possible to rotate the text along the arrow? 3) Is it possible that i can draw a box on the left middle of two boxes? Thanks in advance.


title: Using pgffor's \foreach to place graphics into a tabular

text: I want to arrange EPS graphics (included via `\includegraphics`) in a `tabular` using `\foreach`. Currently this is done without any loops like this:               \begin{tabular}{*5{>{\centering\arraybackslash}m{.15\textwidth}}}         $X_{40}$ & $X_{60}$ & $X_{80}$ & $X_{120}$ & $X_{160}$ \\              \includegraphics[width=.15\textwidth]{./testrun/testvar_type_X_40.eps}         & \includegraphics[width=.15\textwidth]{./testrun/testvar_type_X_60.eps}         & \includegraphics[width=.15\textwidth]{./testrun/testvar_type_X_80.eps}         & \includegraphics[width=.15\textwidth]{./testrun/testvar_type_X_140.eps}         & \includegraphics[width=.15\textwidth]{./testrun/testvar_type_X_160.eps} \\              \includegraphics[width=.15\textwidth]{./testrun/testvar_type_Xest_40.eps}         & \includegraphics[width=.15\textwidth]{./testrun/testvar_type_Xest_60.eps}         & \includegraphics[width=.15\textwidth]{./testrun/testvar_type_Xest_80.eps}         & \includegraphics[width=.15\textwidth]{./testrun/testvar_type_Xest_140.eps}         & \includegraphics[width=.15\textwidth]{./testrun/testvar_type_Xest_160.eps} \\     \end{tabular}      As you can see, the second and third row have some redundancy. Additionally in each row all columns differ only in the numbers 40, 60, 80, 140, 160. So my idea is, to use at least a `\foreach` in each row to put the numbers in there. My attempt doing so arose from http://tex.stackexchange.com/a/22276. However, using `\includegraphics` in there does not seem to work (`Argument of \reserved@a has an extra }`). This is the code used:               \documentclass[draft]{article}          \usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}     \usepackage[english]{babel}     \usepackage[T1]{fontenc}          \usepackage{graphicx}     \usepackage{grffile}     \usepackage{array}     \usepackage{pgffor}     \usepackage{etoolbox}          \begin{document}          \let\tabularContent\empty          \newcommand{\plotChannels}{         \foreach \channel in {40,60,80,120,160}{             \begingroup\edef\x{                 \endgroup\noexpand\gappto\noexpand\tabularContent{                     & \includegraphics[width=.15\textwidth]{./testrun/testvar_type_X_\channel.eps}                 }             }\x         }         \gappto\tabularContent{\\}     }          \plotChannels               \begin{tabular}{*6{>{\centering\arraybackslash}m{.15\textwidth}}}         $X_{40}$ & $X_{60}$ & $X_{80}$ & $X_{120}$ & $X_{160}$ \\              \tabularContent              & \includegraphics[width=.15\textwidth]{./testrun/testvar_type_Xest_40.eps}         & \includegraphics[width=.15\textwidth]{./testrun/testvar_type_Xest_60.eps}         & \includegraphics[width=.15\textwidth]{./testrun/testvar_type_Xest_80.eps}         & \includegraphics[width=.15\textwidth]{./testrun/testvar_type_Xest_140.eps}         & \includegraphics[width=.15\textwidth]{./testrun/testvar_type_Xest_160.eps} \\     \end{tabular}          \end{document}      Thanks for your help.


title: Defining inside an \edef

text: The following throws an "Undefined control sequence" error:          \edef\testa{\edef\testb{foobar}\testb}      when it gets to expanding \testb. This problem is also mentioned in "TEX by Topic" 12.6.2. But no solution is given. EDIT2, this is a minimal not-working example:               \documentclass{article}          \newenvironment{definition}[1]{\def\currentdef{#1}}{}          \makeatletter          \newcommand\contains[2]{%         \edef\listarg{#1}%         \xdef\needle{#2}%         \expandafter\contains@sub\listarg,\relax\noexpand\@eolst%     }     \def\contains@sub#1,#2\@eolst{%         \edef\match{#1}%         \ifx\needle\match%             true         \else             \ifx\relax#2\relax\else                 \contains@sub#2\@eolst%             \fi         \fi}          \newcommand\cond[1]{%         \edef\test{\contains{\currentdef}{#1}}%         \ifx\relax\test\relax\def\ommitthis\relax\fi%         \@ifundefined{ommitthis}{#1}{}%     }          \makeatother          \def\test{test2}          \begin{document}          \begin{definition}{test2,test3}         \cond{test3}         \cond{\test}         \cond{test1}     \end{definition}          \end{document}      `\cond` should check whether the given argument was listed in the surrounding definition. So test2 and test3 must be ommited and only test1 should be printed.


title: suffix package, cannot redefine a suffixed macro

text: I have two local packages `A` and `B`. Package `B` is used occasionally to override macros defined in package `A`. Package `A` defines a macro and, using the `suffix` package, also defines a starred version of the macro. Package `B` overrides both macros (unstarred and starred) from `A`. The redefinition of the unstarred macro works, but the redefinition of the starred version is be ignored; the `*` is taken as text. Here is an example:               \documentclass{article}     \usepackage{suffix}     \newcommand{\mymacro}[1]{Plain Hello #1}     \WithSuffix\newcommand\mymacro*[1]{Starred Hello #1}     \begin{document}          \mymacro{world}          \mymacro*{world}          \rule{\textwidth}{1pt}     \renewcommand{\mymacro}[1]{Plain New Hello #1}     \WithSuffix\renewcommand\mymacro*[1]{Starred New Hello #1}          \mymacro{world}          \mymacro*{world}     \end{document}      The result of the code is here. The last call to `\mymacro*{world}` sees the `*` as text and not the redefined macro. How can I redefine the starred version? ![resulting document:](http://i.stack.imgur.com/IKY1p.png)


title: Centering a tag on an align environment

text: I want to create a list of two items, labeled (1) and (2), with a $\star$ tagged to the left, and centered vertically in between the (1) and (2). If I use the following:               \begin{align*}\tag{$\star$}     (1)&stuff here\\     (2)&more stuff here     \end{align*}      Then the star is immediately to the left of the (1). How can I move that star down a bit, so as to seem like the whole list is labeled star, as opposed to just item (1). I'm open to using enumerate/aligned/equation environments as well if that would be better. Thanks!


title: PGF/TikZ: How to store strings in array?

text: I'm trying to generate a lot of name badges. I'm wondering, is it possible to store the names as strings in one array, according to the PGF manual:               \def\myarray{{1,"two",2+1,"IV","cinq","sechs",sin(\i*5)*14}}       I tried this:               \def\names{{"Katie","Frank","Laura","Joe"}}      Without success, because it seems to store the whole string in `\names` variable, and if I write               \names[2]      The output will be               "Katie","Frank","Laura","Joe"       instead               Laura        is what I want to write out. So why is this not working? How could I use arrays? Does it require some special library?


title: Page number format

text: How can i get page numbers like that R1, R2 for reference pages? Here is a Word-based example of what I try to achieve: ![word](http://i.stack.imgur.com/QkMWW.png)


title: pgfplots dateplot: automated labels on full hours?

text: I have some data as a function of time. I plot it using `dateplot` from the `pgfplots` package. I would like to have x labels in hours and minutes. For every day, I would like to have an additional `DD.MM.YYYY` label. This entry should only appear once per day, so the tick labels don't get too cluttered. (see below for MWE with picture) Question 1: Is there any way to automatically get an x tick label every three hours? Right now, I have to give a full list with all x tick labels. Question 2: Can I somehow automate the additional date label?               \documentclass{article}     \usepackage{tikz,pgfplots}     \usepgfplotslibrary{dateplot}     \begin{document}     \begin{tikzpicture}        \begin{axis}[compat=1.5.1,             date coordinates in=x,             xticklabel={\hour:\minute},             xticklabel style= {rotate=45,anchor=north east},             xtick={                 {2010-06-22 9:00},                 {2010-06-22 12:00},                 {2010-06-22 15:00},                 {2010-06-22 18:00},                 {2010-06-22 21:00},                 {2010-06-23 00:00},                 {2010-06-23 03:00},                 {2010-06-23 06:00},                 {2010-06-23 09:00}             },             date ZERO=2010-06-22,             xlabel=Date and time,             xlabel shift=20pt,             ylabel=Random stuff,             xmin={2010-06-22 9:00},             xmax ={2010-06-23 07:25},             minor x tick num = 2,             clip=false             ]             \addplot coordinates {                 (2010-06-22 09:06:03,0.1)                 (2010-06-22 16:14:07,0.8)                 (2010-06-23 07:00:25,1)             };             \node[anchor=north] at (xticklabel cs:0.1) {22.06.2010};             \node[anchor=north] at (xticklabel cs:0.75) {22.06.2010};         \end{axis}     \end{tikzpicture}     \end{document}      ![enter image description here](http://i.stack.imgur.com/76YuX.png)


title: Output a relational symbol on LaTeX (precedes under relation, ⊰)

text: I'm trying to output this character on LaTeX: ⊰ (click here if you can't see it) The more I search and read the more confused I am. At this point I am clueless. Supposedly the command is `\prurel`, but I found no package related to that macro. The `\mathrel` command is related, but I don't know how, I didn't find a package for that macro either. `\UnicodeMathSymbol{"022B0}` is related somehow, I couldn't figure which way yet. `unicode-math.tex` is related to all these things, but I could not find that file in my installation. I simply hope it is possible to add this without collateral damages (for instance converting all the other symbols to unicode or anything like that).


title: newlfm how to change closing indent

text: I would like the signature to be indented past the center of the page, but not so far as the default `stdletter`. The problem with `stdletter` is that I don't have enough room to write my signature without it running into the margin. Is it possible to change the closing's indent? MWE:               \documentclass[12pt,stdletter,dateno,american]{newlfm}     \newlfmP{Headlinewd=0pt,Footlinewd=0pt}     \namefrom{Sender}     \addrfrom{123 Danton Street \\ Kalamazoo, Michigan \\ \today}     \addrto{James W. Cook \\ Electronics, Inc. \\ 123 Silicon Drive \\ San Francisco, California}     \greetto{Dear Mr. Cook:}     \closeline{Sincerely yours,}          \begin{document}         \begin{newlfm}             Paragraph 1                  Paragraph 2                  Paragraph 3              \end{newlfm}     \end{document}


title: Implementing \bibhang in multibib

text: I have been using `moderncv` as a template for several years, but I am now trying to solve a problem that has long bothered me: being able to use `\bibhang` in my list of publications. The `moderncv` template seems to favor using `multibib`, which is great, but as far as I can tell `multibib` does not support anything related to `\bibhang`. As is often done, I strongly prefer indenting subsequent lines of citations within the bibliography. I was trying to use `natbib`, but it doesn't allow for multiple bibliographies and I would like to separate my journal publications from my poster presentations, etc. Does anyone know how to indent subsequent lines while using `multibib`? Here is example code:               \newcommand{\resitem}[1]{\item #1 \vspace{-0pt}} % 0 does not modify vspace          \documentclass[11pt,a4paper]{moderncv}          % moderncv themes     \moderncvtheme[blue]{classic}                 % optional argument are 'blue' (default), 'orange', 'red', 'green', 'grey'     %\moderncvtheme[green]{classic}                % idem          % character encoding     \usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}                   % replace by the encoding you are using          % adjust the page margins     \usepackage[scale=0.8]{geometry}     %\setlength{\hintscolumnwidth}{3cm}                     % if you want to change the width    of the column with the dates     %\AtBeginDocument{\setlength{\maketitlenamewidth}{6cm}}  % only for the classic theme, if you want to change the width o     %\AtBeginDocument{\recomputelengths}                     % required when changes are made to page layout lengths               % personal data     \firstname{\textsc{Me}}     \familyname{\textsc{Myself}}     \title{Really Awesome}               % optional, remove the line if not wanted     \address{500 Way}{UT 84108}    % optional, remove the line if not wanted     \phone{801.555.5555}                      % optional, remove the line if not wanted     \mobile{801.222.2222}                    % optional, remove the line if not wanted     \fax{Upon Request}                          % optional, remove the line if not wanted     \email{email@email.com}                      % optional, remove the line if not wanted          % bibliography with mutiple entries     %\usepackage{natbib}     %\setlength{\bibhang}{3em}     \usepackage{multibib}     \newcites{journal,oral,poster,submitted,indraft}{{Journal Publications},{Oral Presentations},   {Poster Presentations},{Sub          \begin{document}     \maketitle          \section{Education}     \cventry{2012 -- Present}{Student}{University}{UT}{}         {\textit{GPA: NA}}     \section{Skills and Qualifications}     \subsection{Programming Languages:}     \cvitem{}{  \begin{itemize}             \setlength{\itemindent}{1em} \vspace{-12pt}             \resitem{Java/JNI}         \end{itemize}         }        \section{Publications}     % Specify the bibtex style that you want for each paper type     \bibliographystyle{unsrt}     \bibliographystylejournal{unsrt}     \bibliographystyleposter{unsrt}     \bibliographystyleoral{unsrt}          \nocitejournal{myarticle:2012fk}     \bibliographyjournal{my_publications}          \vspace{25pt}     \nociteoral{mypresentation:2011fk}     \bibliographyoral{my_publications}          \vspace{25pt}     \nociteposter{myposter:2011uz}     \bibliographyposter{my_publications}     \end{document}


title: fancyhdr: How get part on even and chapter on odd pages

text: I am trying to use `fancyhdr` to set the part no. and name on my left pages and chapter no and name on the right pages. My document is               \documentclass[11pt,a4paper,twoside,openright,bibliography=totocnumbered]{scrbook}       I use the following code (which looks wrong and doesn't work too well):               \usepackage{fancyhdr}     \pagestyle{fancy}     \fancyhead[RE]{\leftmark}     \fancyhead[LO]{\rightmark}          \renewcommand{\partmark}[1]{\markboth%        {\color[gray]{.0}\thepart. #1}{}}          \renewcommand{\chaptermark}[1]{\markright%       {\color[gray]{.0}\thechapter.\ #1}}      The effect is: I get the part alright but the chapter only makes it to the head as long as I haven't used a section. Once there's a section in my text, it seems to overrule the chapter.


title: Date format: YYYY-MM-DD

text: Currently I put the date in my document using: `\date{\today}` How do I display the date in the `YYYY-MM-DD` format?


title: Two papers that abbreviate to the same Author et al (1999) in text

text: I have two citations like               @ARTICLE{Openshaw1999a,       author = {Openshaw, S. and Turton, I. and Macgill, J},       title = {Using the Geographical Analysis Machine to Analyze Limiting Long-term         Illness},       journal = {Geographical and Environmental Modelling},       year = {1999},       volume = {3.1},       pages = {83-99},       owner = {ijt1},       timestamp = {2010.09.27}     }      and               @INCOLLECTION{citeulike:8468480,       author = {Openshaw, Stan and Turton, Ian and Macgill, James and Davy, John},       title = {{Putting the Geographical Analysis Machine on the Internet}},       booktitle = {Innovations in GIS 6},       publisher = {Taylor and Francis},       year = {1999},       editor = {Gittings, Bruce},       chapter = {10},       pages = {121--132},       address = {London}}      which both appear in the text as “Openshaw et al (1999)” when I cite them. Other than using `[fullnamesfirst]` as an option to `natbib` is there a way to prevent them appearing to be citations of the same paper?


title: Shortcut for "vertical space" in LyX

text: Has someone got an idea what the shortcut is/where I can create one for the `\medskip{}` command (or any other command, that generates a vertical space in my document)? I looked in Tools/Preferences/Editing/Shortcuts, but I couldn't find any command of this type there. P.S. I'm using Lyx 1.6.5


title: Statistics about LaTeX use in the world

text: Are there any statistics about the use of LaTeX in the world? In which countries? In which journals/fields of research? Number of articles using LaTeX? etc.?


title: 'Find' spelling mistakes in TeXworks

text: I'm reasonably happy with the dictionary functionality in TeXworks but I am struggling to see how I can 'find' all the spelling mistakes in my (painfully long) tex file. I was hoping for a Wordesque spell checker in which I can scroll through each of my errors and accept or ignore the suggested changes. I could install another editor that has this functionality but would prefer not to do this if possible.


title: How to place all floats (tables in particular) at a certain point in the document

text: I would like to place all of the tables in the document at the end but before the bibliography generated by `biblatex` and the notes printed by `endnotes`. In other words, I'd like to collect the tables and output them all in their section using something like               \printtables      or               \printfloats      It seems to me I can't use `endfloat` because it prints the tables on a new page and literally at the end of the entire document (ie after the bibliography and the end notes)


title: Nesting a tikz picture and tabular within an array environment

text: Currently I am trying to make a nice layout of logic gates for digital electronics. I have not been able to nest a `tabular` environment inside of a `circuitikz` picture, and I'm quite new at nesting in general so I haven't had much success. The only way I can make it work is if I make the table out of nodes, the equation a singular node, and the picture just stays a `circuitikz` picture for the corresponding logic gate. I would like to have a systematic way of grouping the three together in some sort of horizontal array. If I had a region of space split into three sections, I could nest the equation, table, and picture all in one array. I believe this is quite complicated, but perhaps there is a trivial fix? I have looked around but there aren't many examples involving the work I have been doing with `circuitikz`. Any insight is much appreciated. I have attached the following code below. I realize it is not done in the best way, but I'm VERY new to TikZ and such packages. If you mess around with it at all you will need to include the `circuitikz` package for successfull compilation.               \begin{figure}[H]     \centering     \begin{circuitikz}     \draw (0,0) node[nor port] {};     \draw (-2,0) node[anchor=east] {{\bf {\green NOR}}};     \draw (1.5,0) node[anchor=west] {$\mathcal{O}=\overline{{\rm A}+{\rm B}}$};     \node at (6,0.5) {${\rm A}\;\;\;\;{\rm B}\;\;\;\;\mathcal{O}$};     \draw (4.95,0.2) -- (7,0.2);     \node at (6,-0.15) {0\;\;\;\;\;0\;\;\;\;\;1};     \node at (6,-0.55) {0\;\;\;\;\;1\;\;\;\;\;0};     \node at (6,-0.95) {1\;\;\;\;\;0\;\;\;\;\;0};     \node at (6,-1.35) {1\;\;\;\;\;1\;\;\;\;\;0};          \draw (0,-3) node[nand port] {};     \draw (-2,-3) node[anchor=east] {{\bf {\green NAND}}};     \draw (1.5,-3) node[anchor=west] {$\mathcal{O}=\overline{{\rm A}\cdot{\rm B}}$};     \node at (6,-2.5) {${\rm A}\;\;\;\;{\rm B}\;\;\;\;\mathcal{O}$};     \draw (4.95,-2.8) -- (7,-2.8);     \node at (6,-3.15) {0\;\;\;\;\;0\;\;\;\;\;1};     \node at (6,-3.55) {0\;\;\;\;\;1\;\;\;\;\;1};     \node at (6,-3.95) {1\;\;\;\;\;0\;\;\;\;\;1};     \node at (6,-4.35) {1\;\;\;\;\;1\;\;\;\;\;0};          \draw (0,-6) node[xor port] {};     \draw (-2,-6) node[anchor=east] {{\bf {\green XOR}}};     \draw (0.5,-6) node[anchor=west] {$\mathcal{O}=({\rm A}+{\rm B})\cdot\overline{({\rm A}\cdot {\rm B})}$};     \node at (6,-5.5) {${\rm A}\;\;\;\;{\rm B}\;\;\;\;\mathcal{O}$};     \draw (4.95,-5.8) -- (7,-5.8);     \node at (6,-6.15) {0\;\;\;\;\;0\;\;\;\;\;0};     \node at (6,-6.55) {0\;\;\;\;\;1\;\;\;\;\;1};     \node at (6,-6.95) {1\;\;\;\;\;0\;\;\;\;\;1};     \node at (6,-7.35) {1\;\;\;\;\;1\;\;\;\;\;0};     \end{circuitikz}     \end{figure}      **EDIT** ![alt text](http://i.stack.imgur.com/beq2G.png)


title: the limit arrow: its label too high

text: My question is an extension of this one. I have the command               \documentclass{article}     \usepackage{amsmath}     \begin{document}     $a_n \xrightarrow{\scriptscriptstyle n\to\infty} 0$      \end{document}      which produces ![enter image description here](http://i.stack.imgur.com/7yme5.jpg). How can I alter this command (hopefully in a simple way) to get ![enter image description here](http://i.stack.imgur.com/auhvU.jpg), i.e. the label is closer to the arrow, so the command doesn't produce ugly additional space between rows.


title: In vim: How to enable spellchecking of text only and exclude listings

text: How can I set up vim in such a manner, that it spellchecks only the text portion of my file? I write a lot of reports that include code listings, which I would like to exclude from the spellchecking. Also I am writing in different languages: german and english. How do I setup vim to do the spell checking properly. Which spell-checking packages are the best (aspell/ispell/...)?


title: How can I single-space text within entries of my table of contents?

text: I am writing my dissertation. My university requires that the document be double-spaced; I am using the `setspace` package to do this. However, I must single-space entries of the table of contents that exceed one line in length. What is the best way to do this? One solution might be to put short titles in the table of contents. However, my university's requirements do not allow this. Also, from Googling, I have gotten the impression that what I want to do is possible using the `tocloft` package. However, even after reading the documentation for that package, I'm not sure how.


title: reference to a label linked with a longtable row

text: Is there a way to link to a specific row in a Longtabl environment. This is usefull when using the hyperref package and allows the viewer to simply jump from somewhere in the document to the right row of the table. At the moment one jumps always to the top of the column? For instance:               \begin{longtable}     \label{r1}cell1a&cell1b&cell1c&cell1d&cell1e\\     \label{r2}cell2a&cell2b&cell2c&cell2d&cell2e\\     \label{r3}cell3a&cell3b&cell3c&cell3d&cell3e\\     \label{r4}cell4a&cell4b&cell4c&cell4d&cell4e\\     \end{longtable}          As one can see in \hyperref[r3]{row 3}...


title: How do I change \footnote font size in beamer presentation?

text: I tried all methods from this question: How to change font family in footnote? and none of them work for me...


title: How to specify a name path for the axis in PGFplots

text: When I use the {axis} environment, the axis are drawn automatically so I am not able to specify a name for them? I would like to be able to compute intersections with the axis as in Intersections in PGFplots. Is there a way for me to specify a name for these axis? One solution would be for me to _redraw_ the axis with `draw=none` and then specify a name for that path, but am wondering if there is a better way. Something like `xaxis name path=` would be ideal? There is a `every axis` key, but so perhaps I could append it to that, but then how would I specify a different name for the x-axis and y-axis? **Update** The intent of my question was to find intersections with the lines `x=0` and `y=0` (not the boxed borders that get drawn automatically). Here is a MWE attempt:               \documentclass{standalone}     \usepackage{pgfplots}     \usetikzlibrary{intersections}          \pgfkeys{/pgfplots/Linear Axis Style/.style={             clip=true,             minor tick num=0,             axis y line=center,             axis x line=middle,              axis on top=true,             x axis line style={name path=XAxisLine},             y axis line style={name path=YAxisLine}         }     }          \begin{document}          \newcommand*{\ShowIntersection}[2]{     \fill          [name intersections={of=#1 and #2, name=i, total=\t}]          [red, opacity=1, every node/.style={black, opacity=1}]          \foreach \s in {1,...,\t}{(i-\s) circle (2pt)             node [above right] {\s}};     }          \begin{tikzpicture}     \begin{axis}[Linear Axis Style,         xmin=-1.5, xmax=1.5,         ymin=-1, ymax=3,         ]          \addplot[name path global=a, mark=none, domain=-2.5:2.5, thick]%         ({x},{x*x-0.5});%          %\ShowIntersection{a}{XAxisLine}% Do not work     %\ShowIntersection{a}{YAxisLine}          \end{axis}      \end{tikzpicture}     \end{document}


title: Looking for a numbered List, with parameter, custom label and custom reference text

text: I will give an example of what I need exactly. The output should look like the default description list, with numbered labels.               REQ-ABC-001    Lorem Ipsum ...          if the text is longer than a line, it is indent like normal description-lists.     REQ-ABC-002    Second item     REQ-ABC-003    and so on\label{req:label}      In the text those items should be referable as `See~\ref{req:label}` resulting in `See REQ-ABC-003`. This is my actual problem. The list itself should be displayed by the following LaTeX code:               \begin{reqlist}{abc}       \item Lorem Ipsum ...       \item ...      \end{reqlist}      The parameter describes the inner part of the items' label (REQ is constant). I want to keep the usage very simple. I have experimented with enumerate/description/list-environments. Each has its pros and cons but all had the same problem. I did not manage to change the output of `\ref`. When I am using `enumitem` with `\newlist` I do not see a way to include the parameter. Anyone have an idea or a tip for me how to achieve this? * * * For convenience the display of the counter can be done like this. Just provide a counter.               \newcommand{\arabicThree}[1]{%     \ifthenelse{\value{#1}<10}{%     00\arabic{#1}}{%     \ifthenelse{\value{#1}<100}{%     0\arabic{#1}}{%     \arabic{#1}%     }}}


title: Live tex compilation

text: Tools like firebug allow a developer to immediately view the results of changes they make to the HTML of a webpage. Has anyone taken a similar strategy with LaTeX, so that an entire compile cycle is not required between markup-change and rendered result? This question is motivated by increasing compile times associated with my thesis ;)


title: Beamer pdf play video WITHOUT sound

text: My `beamer` pdf plays the video but there is no audio! My code is given below -               \documentclass[graphics]{beamer}      \usepackage{movie15}      \begin{document}      \begin{frame}{This is a movie showing a rotating wave}      \begin{picture}(320,300)      \put(0,80){\includemovie[poster, text={\small(Loading sample.swf)}]{9cm}{6cm}{sample.swf}}      \put(90,260){Rotating sine}      \end{picture}      \end{frame}      \end{document}


title: SublimeText/LaTeXTools: overfull hbox warnings

text: I have recently started to use Sublime Text (a text editor) and its extension package LaTeXTools (all kinds of macros that make it very convenient to edit LaTeX documents). LaTeXTools offers a number of convenient features; for example, it parses the log files and extracts error messages. However, it seems that some warnings are not shown. In particular, it seems that LaTeXTools does not show any "overfull hbox" warnings. Is there any simple way to find such warnings with SublimeText/LaTeXTools? (Other than manually grepping log files.)


title: Import pdf with white background

text: I have a beamer presentation where the text is in white and the background is black. For some frames I would like to import some pdfs but have them exactly as they are normally. That is all the white space should still be white. The effect should be a white rectangle in the middle of the screen which has the pdf with black borders all around. I think the issue is transparency so I really want to make the transparent parts of the pdf white. How can you do this? Here is a skeleton MWE.               \documentclass[xcolor=svgnames]{beamer}     \usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}     \usepackage{lmodern}          \setbeamerfont{title}{size=\Huge}     \setbeamercolor{background canvas}{bg=black}     \setbeamercolor{normal text}{fg=white}     \setbeamercolor{title}{fg=white}     \setbeamercolor{frametitle}{fg=yellow}          \begin{document}      \begin{frame}       \begin{center}     \begin{figure}      \includegraphics[width = 7cm]{pdf-page}     \end{figure}     \end{center}      \end{frame}      \end{document}


title: Impossible to use the variable set by \foreach as a variable in a function

text: The latex code below does not compile. This is due to `\foreach` and the function `\getcolor`. Does anybody know, how I can use the variable set by \foreach in a function. Find below the code               \documentclass{article}     \usepackage{pgfplots}     \usepackage[debug,pdftex]{insdljs}     \usetikzlibrary{patterns}               \def\Colorarray{{1}{blue}{2}{red}{3}{orange}{4}{yellow}}     \def\getcolor#1{\expandafter\xgetcolor\Colorarray{#1}{}test{#1}}     \def\xgetcolor#1#2#3test#4{\ifnum#4=#1 #2\else\xgetcolor#3test{#4}\fi}          \pgfkeys{/pgf/number format/.cd, set decimal separator={,{\!}}, set thousands separator={}}          \newcommand{\doAxeX}{       \begin{axis}[ xmin=0,xmax=1800, %ymin=0, ymax=250,                                  axis y line*=right, axis x line*=bottom, axis x line=none,                                 y tick label style={font=\tiny, color=green},                                  ylabel style={at={(1.3,0.5)},anchor=center},                                 ylabel={\color{green}$Load$}]           \addplot[smooth,green] table[x index=0,y index=5] {S1SearchArticle.dat};       \end{axis}     }          \begin{document}     \begin{tikzpicture}[scale=1]     \doAxeX         \begin{axis}[title={Evolution du temps page pour le scénario}, grid=major, axis x line=bottom, axis y line=left,               xlabel={Durée du test}, ylabel={Page time(s)},                x tick label style={font=\tiny, rotate=35},               y tick label style={font=\tiny},               x label style={font=\small},               y label style={font=\small},               legend entries={\xarrayget{Page}{#1}},legend style={font=\tiny, at={(1.5,1)}}]                 \node [opacity=0.3] at (axis description cs:0.17,0.9) {\includegraphics[scale=0.5]{image001.png}};                 \foreach \c in {1,2,...,4} {                         \addplot[smooth,\getcolor{\c}] table[x index=0,y index=\c] {S1SearchArticle.dat};         \end{axis}     \end{tikzpicture}          \end{document}


title: One cell too many with datatool and longtable

text: I am aware of the previous post datatool with longtable, but it didn't solve my problem. I've a document with 10 tables or so, for each table I use this piece of code:               \DTLsetseparator{;}      \DTLloaddb{kundt2}{kundt2.csv}     \begin{center}     \begin{longtable}{|c|c|c|}     \caption[De berekende bronsterkte van de buis]{De berekende bronsterkte van de buis} \label{tbl:kundt2} \\     \hline     \endfirsthead     \endhead     \endfoot     \endlastfoot     \DTLforeach{kundt2}{     \1=1, \2=2, \3=3}{\ifthenelse{\value{DTLrowi}>0}{     \1 & \2 & \3 \\ \hline }{}}      \end{longtable}     \end{center}      My csv file               1;2;3;     444;555;666;     111;222;333;      etc., I know that one is fine. Since I'm Dutch I need to use the `;` sign for separating my csv values. Everything is working great even for tables longer then 4 pages but every single time there is an extra empty cell at the last row. I tried to change this line:               \DTLforeach{kundt2}{     \1=1, \2=2, \3=3}{\ifthenelse{\value{DTLrowi}>0}{     \1 & \2 & \3 \\ \hline }{}}       to:               \DTLforeach{kundt2}{     \1=1, \2=2, \3=3}{\ifthenelse{\value{DTLrowi}>0}{     \\ \hline \1 & \2 & \3}{}}       But then I get the extra empty cell at the first row. What am I doing wrong?


title: TikZ manual newest version online?

text: Is there a definite place where TikZ manual can be found online? I am only finding version 2.00, while I keep loosing the link to 2.10. Does the official site host the manual somewhere, or is it only available in the zip? Any help appreciated.


title: Compressing section numbers without repeating chapter number in references

text: I want to compress numbers of sections in a reference, but without repeating the chapter number, while maintaining full functionality of of `hyperref` and `\ref`.               \documentclass{book}          \usepackage{hyperref}     \usepackage{bookmark}          \begin{document}          \chapter{intro}     I want the hyperref functionallity and automated references of      \ref{sec:chap3sec3}--\ref{sec:chap3sec5};      but the look of 3.3--5.      \ref{sec:chap3sec3}--\hyperref[sec:chap3sec5]{5} does half of what I want,      but I don't know how to get the section number without chapter number.          \chapter{two}     \chapter{three}     \section{chap3sec1}     \section{chap3sec2}     \section{chap3sec3}\label{sec:chap3sec3}     \section{chap3sec4}     \section{chap3sec5}\label{sec:chap3sec5}          \end{document}      How can I do this?


title: Is there any math symbol \predeq in Latex? How to use it?

text: Is there any math symbol \predeq in Latex? If yes, how to use it?


title: Alternative ways to format the cases environment in display math-mode

text: The `cases` environment of `amsmath` package is useful for defining a function that takes different values in different regions. For example:               \documentclass{article}     \usepackage{amsmath}     \begin{document}     \begin{equation}     f(x) = \begin{cases}             g_1(x), & \text{if condition 1}; \\             g_2(x), & \text{if condition 2}; \\             g_3(x), & \text{if condition 3}; \\             g_4(x), & \text{if condition 4}; \\             g_5(x), & \text{if condition 5}; \\             g_6(x), & \text{if condition 6}; \\             g_7(x), & \text{if condition 7}. \\            \end{cases}     \end{equation}     \end{document}      ![enter image description here](http://i.stack.imgur.com/vJEUl.png) For such long expressions, the `cases` environment is easy to read; however, it takes too much vertical space (and for journal and conference papers, space is always at a premium). Is there any alternative way to format such expression that is readable but takes less space than `cases` environment?


title: Macro changes output

text: The code and output shown below are based on the answers to this post . The problem is that first of the three tables is produced as desired but the second and third have the second column vertically centered which is not desired. This is despite the fact that all three are the same except for the use of macros in the second and third to reduce redundancy. Somehow the introduction of these macros has changed the output. What is going on? How can I fix that?               \documentclass{article}     \usepackage{multicol}     \usepackage{enumitem}     \usepackage{tabu}     \usepackage[table]{xcolor}          \begin{document}          This table just repeats all the required commands     for each row.  The output appears as desired.          \begin{center}\small     \setlength{\columnseprule}{.4pt}     \renewcommand\columnseprulecolor{\color{blue}}     \begin{multicols}{2}          \begin{tabu} {>{\bfseries}lX}     \savetabu{mytabu}     Name1 & Value1. \\     \tabucline[blue]-     \end{tabu}          \begin{tabu} {\usetabu{mytabu}}     Name2 & Value2. \\     \tabucline[blue]-     \end{tabu}          \begin{tabu} {\usetabu{mytabu}}     Name3 & Value3. \\     \tabucline[blue]-     \end{tabu}          \end{multicols}     \end{center}          This table uses the RowA macro defined using a \LaTeX{} macro.  The second     column of the table is vertically centered which is not desirable.          \newcommand{\RowA}[1]{         \begin{tabu}{\usetabu{mytabu}}         #1 \\         \tabucline[blue]-\end{tabu}     }          \begin{center}\small     \setlength{\columnseprule}{.4pt}     \renewcommand\columnseprulecolor{\color{blue}}     \begin{multicols}{2}     \raggedcolumns          \begin{tabu} {>{\bfseries}lX}\savetabu{mytabu}     Name1 & Value1. \\     \tabucline[blue]-     \end{tabu}          \RowA{Name2 & Value2.}          \RowA{Name3 & Value3.}          \end{multicols}     \end{center}          This table uses the RowB macro defined using a \TeX{} macro.  The second     column of the table is vertically centered which is not desirable.          \def\RowB#1{     \begin{tabu} {\usetabu{mytabu}}     #1 \\     \tabucline[blue]-\end{tabu}     }     \begin{center}\small     \setlength{\columnseprule}{.4pt}     \renewcommand\columnseprulecolor{\color{blue}}     \begin{multicols}{2}     \raggedcolumns          \begin{tabu} {>{\bfseries}lX}\savetabu{mytabu}     Name1 & Value1. \\     \tabucline[blue]-     \end{tabu}          \RowB{Name2 & Value2.}          \RowB{Name3 & Value3.}          \end{multicols}     \end{center}          \end{document}      ![screenshot](http://i.stack.imgur.com/jETrN.png)


title: How to force a linebreak in itemization?

text: I have a proposition which consists of two itemized bullets. I want both to be displayed in an offset way, but the first one keeps getting displayed as a continuation of the Proposition in bold. How to get what I want? This is my code.               \documentclass[12pt]{amsart}     \usepackage{amsthm}     \usepackage{amssymb}     \usepackage{latexsym}     \usepackage{url}     \title{whatever}     \newtheorem{thm}{Theorem}[section]     \newtheorem{prop}[thm]{Proposition}     \begin{document}     \begin{prop}     This is the usual display.     \end{prop}     \begin{prop}     \label{prop:twocases}     \begin{itemize}     \mbox{} \item If $b_{1} \leq \sqrt{x}$, then: $\epsilon_{i}=\epsilon_{i}^{+}, i     \in \{1,2,3\}.$     \item If $b_{1} > \sqrt{x}$, then either $\epsilon_{i}=\epsilon_{i}^{+}, i \in     \{1,2,3\}$ or $\epsilon_{i}=\epsilon_{i}^{-}, i \in \{1,2,3\}.$     \end{itemize}     \end{prop}     \end{document}


title: AUCTeX detecting modified files using different output directory

text: I'm using AUCTeX in Emacs, and would like to store all output files (.aux, .log, .pdf etc) in a sub-directory "output" rather than directly in the current working directory. To achieve this, I have updated the AUCTeX settings so that the "LaTeX" command now includes `\--output-directory=output` and the BibTeX and View commands open `output/%s` etc. This works, in the sense that all intermediate files are generated in ./output correctly. **However** , previously pressing `C-c C-c` several times would run LaTeX, then LaTeX then View, noticing after the second LaTeX run that nothing more is needed and the PDF file is ready to view (presumably it checks after each LaTeX run to see if various intermediate files change?). This switch from automatically choosing the "LaTeX" option to choosing "View" no longer works using `\--output-directory` as described. I must now press `C-c C-c` and type "View" manually. Does anyone know how I can tell AUCTeX that the output files are in "./output" and to compare to them when checking whether it is "time to View" rather than "time to LaTeX"?


title: Break PDF booklet into pages

text: I have a PDF with booklet-odered pages (like the one below). I would like to break these **PDF A4 pages** back into the original **twice as many PDF A5 pages**.               |-------| PDF page 1     | 8   1 |     |-------|          |-------| PDF page 2     | 2   7 |     |-------|          |-------| PDF page 3     | 6   3 |     |-------|          |-------| PDF page 4     | 4   5 |     |-------|


title: Why does \ncbar seem to ignore angleB?

text: I have used `\ncbar` before with success and it worked perfectly however the following code:               \documentclass{article}     \usepackage{pst-all}                                                                 \begin{document}     \begin{figure}[htp]         \begin{center}         \vspace{3cm}             \rput(-4,0){\rnode{A}{\psframebox[framearc=.3]{A}}}             \rput(-2,2){\rnode{B}{\psframebox[framearc=.3]{B}}}             \ncbar[angleA=90,angleB=-90,arrows=->]{A}{B}         \end{center}         \end{figure}         \end{document}      Produces me the following: ![Output](http://i.stack.imgur.com/We2Al.png) The `angleB=-90` is not taken into account. The `\ncdiag` works just fine. I use TeXmaker on a Linux machine and I compile with LaTeX + dvips + ps2pdf.


title: How to hide a verbatim-like environment in another environment?

text: I cannot find a good title to express my question. Therefore, please parse the following code first. # Minimal Code               \documentclass[dvips,dvipsnames,cmyk,table]{book}     \usepackage[a5paper,margin=20mm]{geometry}     \usepackage{longtable,array,calc}          \usepackage{listings}     \lstset{basicstyle=\scriptsize,tabsize=3}          \usepackage{fancyvrb}     \fvset{tabsize=3}     \def\Capture{\VerbatimEnvironment\begin{VerbatimOut}{\jobname.tmp}}     \def\endCapture{\end{VerbatimOut}}          \usepackage{environ}          \NewEnviron{Row}     {%        \expandafter\gdef%        \expandafter\gtemp%        \expandafter%        {%          %\begin{Capture}          %\BODY          %\end{Capture}           \expandafter&%           \tabularnewline%           \hline%        }%        \aftergroup\gtemp%     }               \newcolumntype{A}     {       >{\begin{minipage}{0.5\linewidth-2\tabcolsep-1.5\arrayrulewidth}\vspace{\tabcolsep}}%       c%       <{\vspace{\tabcolsep}\end{minipage}}%        }          \newenvironment{ComparisonTable}%     {%          \begin{longtable}%         {%          |A<{\lstinputlisting{\jobname.tmp}}%          |A<{\input{\jobname.tmp}}%           |%         }%         \hline\ignorespaces%     }%     {\end{longtable}}                         \begin{document}     \begin{ComparisonTable}     %     % Row 1     \begin{Capture}     \begin{equation}      y=ax^2+bx+c     \end{equation}     \end{Capture}     \begin{Row}     \end{Row}     %     % Row 2     \begin{Capture}     \Huge\LaTeXe     \end{Capture}     \begin{Row}     \end{Row}     \end{ComparisonTable}     \end{document}      # Objective I want `\Row` to hide `\begin{Capture}...\end{Capture}` such that I can change               \begin{Capture}     \begin{equation}      y=ax^2+bx+c     \end{equation}     \end{Capture}     \begin{Row}     \end{Row}      to               \begin{Row}     \begin{equation}      y=ax^2+bx+c     \end{equation}     \end{Row}      How to do this?


title: New lines and TeX: difference between ^^J and ^^M

text: What is a new line for TeX in the following contexts:   1. When reading from a file.   2. When writing to a file.   3. After having read a `%` character.   4. In a `\scantokens`. I am asking in particular because the following code only typesets `A`:               \documentclass{minimal}     \begin{document}     \catcode`\%=12     \def\foo{\scantokens{A%              B}}     \show\foo     \catcode`\%=14     \foo     \end{document}      So my main question is: _how does`%` know where to stop gobbling characters?_ EDIT: Adding the two lines               \catcode`\^^M=12      \newlinechar`\^^M      before the definition of `\foo` is instructive: then the definition actually contains new-lines, and the comment stops gobbling where we expect. EDIT2: `pdflatex` sets `\newlinechar``\^^J` and `\endlinechar``\^^M` (see Harald's concise answer below for what these are).


title: Scale position of circle but not radius

text: Consider the following code:               \documentclass{article}     \usepackage{tikz}               \begin{document}     \begin{tikzpicture}[scale=2]         \draw[help lines] (-3,-3) grid (3,3);         \draw (-3,0)--(3,0) node[right] {$x$};         \draw (0,-3)--(0,3) node[above] {$y$};         \filldraw (0,1) circle (2pt);     \end{tikzpicture}               \end{document}      The line `\filldraw (0,1) circle (2pt);` is my focus. I'm scaling the image so I want the position `(0,1)` to be scaled, but I don't want the radius `(2pt)` to be scaled. I want the radius to stay `(2pt)` as the image is scaled `(scale=2)`. Any ideas? Thanks.


title: How to assign a key of a package a key value of another package?

text: # Scenario 1 Actually I can do like this: In `mylistings.sty`, I define               \def\tabsize{3}          \RequirePackage{listings}     \lstset{tabsize=\tabsize}      and in `mytable.sty`, I define               \RequirePackage{mylistings}     \RequirePackage{fancyvrb}     \fvset{tabsize=\tabsize}      * * * # Scenario 2 For some reasons, I don't like the scenario 1 above. Instead I want to do as follows (of course it does not work now) In `mylistings.sty`, I define               \RequirePackage{listings}     \lstset{tabsize=3}%example      and in `mytable.sty`, I define               \RequirePackage{mylistings}     \RequirePackage{fancyvrb}     \fvset{tabsize=listingstabsize}% I don't know the correct syntax. :-)      * * * The question is how to implement the scenario 2?


title: how to draw $|x-2|$ with tikz？

text: \begin{tikzpicture}[domain=-.5:3]     \draw[->](-.2,0)--(3.2,0) node[below] {$x$};     \draw[->](0,-2.5)--(0,1.2) node[left] {$y$};     \draw[color=blue] plot(\x,abs(2-\x)) node[left] {$y=|x-2|$};     \end{tikzpicture}      It's not correct. I try to draw two lines `2-x` and `x-2` in different domain. But I fail. Similarly, how to draw `f(x)=1 (x>0)`, `f(x)=0` else these piecewise functions?


title: I get dashes instead of bullets in \itemize

text: When I use `\begin{itemize} ... \end{itemize}`, the items are displayed as dashes. But I want them to be displayed by bullets.   Those are my headers:               \documentclass[11pt]{llncs}     \usepackage{amsfonts}     \usepackage{amssymb}     \usepackage{dsfont}     \usepackage{multicol}     \usepackage{fixltx2e}     \usepackage[T1]{fontenc}     \usepackage{comment}      \usepackage{amsmath}                                     \usepackage[margin=1in]{geometry}     \usepackage[algosection, boxruled, linesnumbered]{algorithm2e}     \usepackage{xcolor}     \usepackage{setspace}     \usepackage{hyperref}     \definecolor{bl}{rgb}{0.0,0.2,0.6}      \definecolor{dark-red}{rgb}{0.4,0.15,0.15}     \definecolor{dark-blue}{rgb}{0.15,0.15,0.4}     \definecolor{medium-blue}{rgb}{0,0,0.5}     \usepackage{sectsty}     \hypersetup{         colorlinks, linkcolor={dark-red},         citecolor={dark-blue}, urlcolor={medium-blue}     }     \usepackage{graphicx}     \usepackage[compact]{titlesec}     \newtheorem{observation}{\textsc{Observation}}     \begin{document}     \begin{itemize}     \item Item 1     \item Item 2     \item Item 3     \end{itemize}     \end{document}      As far as I've read, the `french` options makes this. But I have `french` nowhere. What could cause this?


title: bigfoot - Dimension too large (I can't work with sizes bigger than about 19 feet.)

text: My MWE is below. I can produce the following output in `nonstopmode`... ![mathematical semiotic](http://i.stack.imgur.com/mwndQ.png) ... but I see these errors in the log:               ! Dimension too large.     \FN@normaloutput ...\tw@ \fi \fi \ifdim \FN@vsize                                                        <\glueshrink \FN@vsize \th...     l.163 \end{table}          I can't work with sizes bigger than about 19 feet.     Continue and I'll use the largest value I can.          ! Dimension too large.     \FN@normaloutput ... \@cclv \vbox spread\FN@vsize                                                        {\unvbox \@cclv \boxmaxdep...     l.163 \end{table}          I can't work with sizes bigger than about 19 feet.     Continue and I'll use the largest value I can.      **Note:** I can trace this to the definition of `\FN@normaloutput` in `bigfoot.sty`, but at that point it gets beyond my depth. I'm not sure how the "19 feet" come into it. The MWE is only a small portion of a much bigger document that seems to work fine otherwise. **MWE:**               \documentclass[article,a4paper,12pt,twoside]{memoir}     \usepackage{filecontents}          \begin{filecontents}{references.bib}     @book{hjelmslev1961prolegomena,       title={Prolegomena to a Theory of Language},       author={Hjelmslev, L.},       year={1961},       publisher={Univ of Wisconsin Pr}     }     @book{thousand-plateaus,         author = {Deleuze, G. and Guattari, F.},         year = {1987},         title = {A Thousand Plateaus},         publisher = {University of Minnesota Press},         note = {(Trans. Brian Massumi)},         keywords = {philosophy},     }     \end{filecontents}               %% For turning off hypenation globally     % \usepackage[none]{hyphenat}     \usepackage{hyphenat}          \usepackage{amsmath}          \usepackage{bm}     \usepackage{xfrac}     \usepackage{metalogo}               \usepackage{manfnt}     \usepackage{placeins}          \usepackage[hyperref=true,                 url=false,                 style=nature,%home                 articletitle=true,                 sorting=nyt,                 autocite=superscript,                 isbn=false,                 backref=true,                 firstinits=true, % enforce this so I don't have to mangle by .bib file                 maxcitenames=3,                 maxbibnames=100,                 backend=biber]{biblatex}          \DeclareFieldFormat       [article,inbook,incollection,inproceedings,patent,thesis,unpublished]       {title}{#1}          \let\cite\autocite     \let\parencite\autocite          \usepackage{fixltx2e}          %% See http://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/50219/biblatex-footcite-and-footnote     %% for a way to combine these into one smart command     %% Is there a way to get the parenthetical stuff to show up, like with natbib?          \usepackage[perpage,symbol*]{footmisc}          \usepackage{fancyvrb}          %% Use ``ex'' to make the spacing depend on current font, cool!     \DefineFNsymbols*{safestar}{{$*$}{\textdagger}{\textdaggerdbl}{\textsection}{\textparagraph}{\textbardbl}{$*$\hspace{-.3ex}$*$}{\textdagger\textdagger}{\textdaggerdbl\textdaggerdbl}{\textsection\textsection}{\textparagraph\textparagraph}{\textbardbl\textbardbl}}%     \setfnsymbol{safestar}               %% before-footnote-space applies if there is no following punctuation%home      \usepackage[after-comma-space=-.05em,after-dot-space=-.05em,before-footnote-space=.02em]{fnpct}          %% This works but creates double spacing          \usepackage{bigfoot}          \DeclareNewFootnote{B}[fnsymbol]     \DeclareNewFootnote[para]{R}[roman]     \MakePerPage{footnoteB}     \MakePerPage{footnoteR}     \let\footnote\footnoteB          \usepackage{fnbreak}          \newcommand{\mycite}[2][]{\autocite{#2}\footnoteR{(#1)}}     %\newcommand{\mycite}[2][]{\autocite{#2} $\ullcorner$#1$\ulrcorner$}     \newcommand{\mycitespecial}[2][]{\autocite{#2}(#1)}     %home      \AdaptNoteOpt\cite\multautocite%home      \AdaptNoteOpt\mycite\myautocite               \usepackage{rotating}          \setlrmarginsandblock{40mm}{20mm}{*}     \setulmarginsandblock{60mm}{60mm}{*}          \setmarginnotes{14pt}{51pt}{\onelineskip}     \sideparmargin{outer}     \marginparmargin{inner}          \setheadfoot{2\onelineskip}{2\onelineskip}     \setheaderspaces{*}{5mm}{*}          \chapterstyle{plain}          %%%     \checkandfixthelayout          \setsecindent{1cm}     %\let\footruleskip\relax % for compatibility of memoir and fancyhdr     \let\proportional\ttfamily % for compatibility of memoir and blindtext     \let\sc\scshape     \let\bf\bfseries     \let\it\itfamily     \let\tt\ttfamily     \let\sl\slshape     \let\sf\sffamily               \PassOptionsToPackage{hyphens}{url}     %% frenchlinks here will make all the links show up in small caps font     \usepackage[frenchlinks, pdfborderstyle={/S/U/W .5},citebordercolor={1 1 1},linkbordercolor={1 1 1},urlbordercolor={1 1 1}]{hyperref}          \bibliography{references.bib}          \begin{document}          The basic division into \emph{process} and \emph{system} described in     Chapter     \ref{literature-review}\mycite[pp. 29--30]{hjelmslev1961prolegomena}.     This division was later adapted and popularized by Gilles Deleuze and     F\'elix Guattari\mycite[Chapter 3]{thousand-plateaus}.          \subsection{The mathematical semiotic}          \begin{table}[h]     \begin{center}     \begin{tabular}{rp{.4\textwidth}p{.4\textwidth}}     \multicolumn{1}{r}{}  &  \multicolumn{1}{c}{{\bf form}}  & \multicolumn{1}{c}{{\bf substance}} \\     \noalign{\smallskip}     \begin{rotate}{90}     {\bf \hspace{-25mm} content}     \end{rotate}     & {\small \textbf{I.}      Vocabulary use, relative to a static word list (\emph{``defined       terms''}) or graph (\emph{``the encyclopedia''}); relative to time (\emph{which       words follow one another in sequence}); and indeed even language       creation over time, relative to a given community}     & {\small \textbf{III.}  Mathematical discourse, proof, and exposition (\emph{mathematical semantics}) }  \\     \quad & \quad   \\     \noalign{\smallskip}  \noalign{\smallskip}     \begin{rotate}{90}     {\bf \hspace{-20mm} expression}     \end{rotate} & \small \textbf{II.}  Behavior (\emph{such as it is modeled and incentivized within our system's architecture}), including relational behavior, as well as periods of non-observed behavior &     {\small \textbf{IV.} Growth and change of the system itself       (\emph{considered as a ``grammar of behavior''})}     \\ \noalign{\smallskip}     \end{tabular}     \end{center}     \caption{An Hjemslevian division of observables \label{hjemslevian}}     \end{table}          \printbibliography          \end{document}


title: Boolean key value in xkeyval fails

text: It is possible to hand over a boolean key value stored in a macro to a command such as               \edef\SomeKeyValue{true}%          \DummyCommand[DummyBooleanKey=\SomeKeyValue]%%%       where DummyBooleanKey is a boolean key defined via               \define@boolkey{SomeKeys}{DummyBooleanKey}[false]{%%%% etc.      However, it fails when I try to compile following MNWE               \documentclass{minimal}     \usepackage{xkeyval}     \usepackage{etoolbox}          \makeatletter          \define@boolkey{SomeKeys}{DummyBoolKey}[false]{%     \ifKV@SomeKeys@DummyBoolKey%     \typeout{true}%     \else%     \typeout{false}%     \fi%     }%               % Key Family is called SomeKeys          % Use a fake command for testing purposes          \providecommand{\DummyCommand}[1][false]{%          \setkeys{SomeKeys}{#1}%          % Do something useful inside this command...          }%          \edef\SomeKeyValue{true}%          \begin{document}          % Works     \DummyCommand[DummyBoolKey=true]%          % Does not work!     \DummyCommand[DummyBoolKey={\SomeKeyValue}]%               \end{document}      How is it possible to use a literal `true` or `false` value as key value parameter? Do I have to use `newtoks` in order to achieve this feature?


title: How to change the headline and footline in LaTeX

text: I am writing a new documentclass, based on “minimal,” and would like to modify the headline and the footline. I started to study the output routine, but it is not as clear as plain TeX's output routine, so I am looking for a hint. Note that I would like to avoid the use of a package like “fancyhdr” and just want to find the LaTeX analogous of the token registers `\headline` and `\footline` used in plain TeX.


title: How to place text with tikz under beamer at an absolute position on the slide

text: I want to place some text on a `beamer` slide next to a figure. The problem is that if I simply use `tikzpicture` environment, LaTeX places the text _after_ whatever is placed before, be it hidden or shown. How can I tell `tikz` to use page coordinates and not count whatever it counts from the current position? **Edit:** Minimal working example. Apparently, this has something to do with my choose of columns.               \documentclass[bigger]{beamer}     \usepackage{tikz}          \begin{document}          \begin{frame}       \begin{columns}         \begin{column}{0.6\textwidth}           \only <1>{             \begin{tikzpicture}               \node at (0,0) {a};             \end{tikzpicture}           }           \only <2>{             \begin{tikzpicture}               \node at (0,0) {b};             \end{tikzpicture}           }           \only <3>{             \begin{tikzpicture}               \node at (0,0) {c};             \end{tikzpicture}           }         \end{column}       \end{columns}     \end{frame}     \end{document}      When I compile this, 'a', 'b', and 'c' doesn't appear on the same place but rather one after the other .


title: Extra blank page mysteriously being made to appear (XeTeX)

text: At https://gist.github.com/8210807 I've gisted the TeXShop Console messages for three runs of the same `.tex` file along with that file. Now when I typeset that `.tex`, a strange blank page is created just before `\chapter{\lez{13/12/2013}}`. How do I get rid of that? And why _on Earth_ does that happen?               \documentclass[a4paper]{report}     \usepackage{graphicx}     \newcommand{\hsp}{\hspace}          \begin{document}     \chapter{mapu}     mumau          \chapter{gungu}     \includegraphics[width=11.5cm]{Felli_1.jpg}     \end{document}        shows this behaviour and the picture is: ![enter image description here](http://i.stack.imgur.com/MKCov.jpg)


title: Alignment of bullets within the itemize environment

text: I have a question regarding the alignment of bullets within the itemize example, here a short example. Basically I have an \item with an inserted table and I want the bullet to be at the top of the table![enter image description here](http://i.stack.imgur.com/uBeuE.png) Is there any way to achieve this?               \begin{itemize}     \item  \begin{tabular}{c p{11.4cm}} 04.2014 - 05.2014: & teeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeessssssssssssssssssssstttttttttttttttttttttt      pppppppppphhhhhhhhhhaaaaaaaaaasssssssssseeeeeeeeeeeee \end{tabular}     \end{itemize}


title: How to organize a .bib file edited by hand?

text: Normally I use zotero and its `bibtex`/`biblatex` export tool to create a `.bib` file. But this method doesn't put you in charge of the bibliography and you could reproduces errors in the references if zotero fails to retrieve the right data (or if the conversion to bib(La)TeX is wrong). Therefore, I am considering the possibility to go back to the old method; manage my bibliography within a single `.bib` edited by hand. I used to do this with the help of Emacs+AUCTeX. It is very simple to enter the different field with Emacs and to create references. **However** , the file is not organized; there is no order of references. Emacs writes references where the cursor is. I would like to have some minimum order inside this `.bib` file. For example, the references could be order alphabetically by name of author. How can I achieve this? And, more generally, what are the tools available to manager a `.bib` file by hand? (to search inside for example). I have to precise I don't want to use JabRef.


title: Plot data from a LaTeX table

text: I have a table in LaTeX format. I would like to plot a few figures using this data, having the five frequencies (125, 250, 500, 1000, 2000, 4000) on the horizontal axis, and the absorption coefficient between 0 and 1 on the vertical axis. Is there a tool that supports LaTeX tables as data to plot from?                   \begin{tabular}{| l | l | l | l | l | l | l |}     \hline     Floor Materials &          125 Hz &          250 Hz &          500 Hz &      1000 Hz &      2000 Hz &      4000 Hz \\ \hline               concrete or tile &      0.01 &      0.01 &      0.015 &      0.02 &      0.02 &      0.02 \\           linoleum/vinyl tile on concrete &      0.02 &      0.03 &      0.03 &      0.03 &      0.03 &      0.02 \\           wood on joists &      0.15 &      0.11 &      0.10 &      0.07 &      0.06 &      0.07 \\           parquet on concrete &      0.04 &      0.04 &      0.07 &      0.06 &      0.06 &      0.07 \\           carpet on concrete &      0.02 &      0.06 &      0.14 &      0.37 &      0.60 &      0.65 \\           carpet on foam &      0.08 &      0.24 &      0.57 &      0.69 &      0.71 &      0.73 \\           \hline     Seating Materials &          125 Hz &          250 Hz &          500 Hz &      1000 Hz &      2000 Hz &      4000 Hz \\ \hline                fully occupied - fabric upholstered &      0.60 &      0.74 &      0.88 &      0.96 &      0.93 &      0.85 \\           occupied wooden pews &      0.57 &      0.61 &      0.75 &      0.86 &      0.91 &      0.86 \\           empty - fabric upholstered &      0.49 &      0.66 &      0.80 &      0.88 &      0.82 &      0.70 \\           empty metal/wood seats &      0.15 &      0.19 &      0.22 &      0.39 &      0.38 &      0.30 \\           \hline     Wall Materials &          125 Hz &          250 Hz &          500 Hz &      1000 Hz &      2000 Hz &      4000 Hz \\ \hline                Brick: unglazed &      0.03 &      0.03 &      0.03 &      0.04 &      0.05 &      0.07 \\           Brick: unglazed \& painted &      0.01 &      0.01 &      0.02 &      0.02 &      0.02 &      0.03 \\           Concrete block - coarse &      0.36 &      0.44 &      0.31 &      0.29 &      0.39 &      0.25 \\           Concrete block - painted &      0.10 &      0.05 &      0.06 &      0.07 &      0.09 &      0.08 \\           Curtain: 10 oz/sq yd fabric molleton  &      0.03 &      0.04 &      0.11 &      0.17 &      0.24 &      0.35 \\           Curtain: 14 oz/sq yd fabric molleton &      0.07 &      0.31 &      0.49 &      0.75 &      0.70 &      0.60 \\           Curtain: 18 oz/sq yd fabric molleton &      0.14 &      0.35 &      0.55 &      0.72 &      0.70 &      0.65 \\           Fiberglass: 2'' 703 no airspace &      0.22 &      0.82 &      0.99 &      0.99 &      0.99 &      0.99 \\           Fiberglass: spray 5'' &      0.05 &      0.15 &      0.45 &      0.70 &      0.80 &      0.80 \\           Fiberglass: spray 1''  &      0.16 &      0.45 &      0.70 &      0.90 &      0.90 &      0.85 \\           Fiberglass: 2'' rolls &      0.17 &      0.55 &      0.80 &      0.90 &      0.85 &      0.80 \\           Foam: Sonex 2'' &      0.06 &      0.25 &      0.56 &      0.81 &      0.90 &      0.91 \\           Foam: SDG 3'' &      0.24 &      0.58 &      0.67 &      0.91 &      0.96 &      0.99 \\           Foam: SDG 4'' &      0.33 &      0.90 &      0.84 &      0.99 &      0.98 &      0.99 \\           Foam: polyur. 1'' &      0.13 &      0.22 &      0.68 &      1.00 &      0.92 &      0.97 \\           Foam: polyur. 1/2'' &      0.09 &      0.11 &      0.22 &      0.60 &      0.88 &      0.94 \\           Glass: 1/4'' plate large &      0.18 &      0.06 &      0.04 &      0.03 &      0.02 &      0.02 \\           Glass: window &      0.35 &      0.25 &      0.18 &      0.12 &      0.07 &      0.04 \\           Plaster: smooth on tile/brick &      0.013 &      0.015 &      0.02 &      0.03 &      0.04 &      0.05 \\           Plaster: rough on lath &      0.02 &      0.03 &      0.04 &      0.05 &      0.04 &      0.03 \\           Marble/Tile &      0.01 &      0.01 &      0.01 &      0.01 &      0.02 &      0.02 \\           Sheetrock 1/2"; 16"; on center &      0.29 &      0.10 &      0.05 &      0.04 &      0.07 &      0.09 \\           Wood: 3/8'' plywood panel &      0.28 &      0.22 &      0.17 &      0.09 &      0.10 &      0.11 \\  \hline          \end{tabular}          \begin{tabular}{| l | l | l | l | l | l | l |}     \hline     Ceiling Materials &          125 Hz &          250 Hz &          500 Hz &      1000 Hz &      2000 Hz &      4000 Hz \\ \hline               Acoustic Tiles &      0.05 &      0.22 &      0.52 &      0.56 &      0.45 &      0.32 \\           Acoustic Ceiling Tiles &      0.70 &      0.66 &      0.72 &      0.92 &      0.88 &      0.75 \\           Fiberglass: 2'' 703 no airspace &      0.22 &      0.82 &      0.99 &      0.99 &      0.99 &      0.99 \\           Fiberglass: spray 5" &      0.05 &      0.15 &      0.45 &      0.70 &      0.80 &      0.80 \\           Fiberglass: spray 1"; &      0.16 &      0.45 &      0.70 &      0.90 &      0.90 &      0.85 \\           Fiberglass: 2'' rolls &      0.17 &      0.55 &      0.80 &      0.90 &      0.85 &      0.80 \\           wood &      0.15 &      0.11 &      0.10 &      0.07 &      0.06 &      0.07 \\           Foam: Sonex 2'' &      0.06 &      0.25 &      0.56 &      0.81 &      0.90 &      0.91 \\           Foam: SDG 3'' &      0.24 &      0.58 &      0.67 &      0.91 &      0.96 &      0.99 \\           Foam: SDG 4'' &      0.33 &      0.90 &      0.84 &      0.99 &      0.98 &      0.99 \\           Foam: polyur. 1'' &      0.13 &      0.22 &      0.68 &      1.00 &      0.92 &      0.97 \\           Foam: polyur. 1/2'' &      0.09 &      0.11 &      0.22 &      0.60 &      0.88 &      0.94 \\           Plaster: smooth on tile/brick &      0.013 &      0.015 &      0.02 &      0.03 &      0.04 &      0.05 \\           Plaster: rough on lath &      0.02 &      0.03 &      0.04 &      0.05 &      0.04 &      0.03 \\           Sheetrock 1/2'' 16"; on center  &      0.29 &      0.10 &      0.05 &      0.04 &      0.07 &      0.09 \\           Wood: 3/8"; plywood panel &      0.28 &      0.22 &      0.17 &      0.09 &      0.10 &      0.11 \\                \hline     Miscellaneous Material &          125 Hz &          250 Hz &          500 Hz &      1000 Hz &      2000 Hz &      4000 Hz \\ \hline                Water or ice surface &      0.008 &      0.008 &      0.013 &      0.015 &      0.020 &      0.025 \\           People (adults) &      0.25 &      0.35 &      0.42 &      0.46 &      0.5 &      0.5 \\ \hline          \end{tabular}


title: Struggling with figure positioning

text: I am struggling with figure positioning in LaTeX. Basically, my thesis requires figure out of text with page number and back side blank without no and continues text. The page before the figure is not filled with text. So, basically I have a page filled for an half, a page with my figure/table and lastly a page filled normally with text. I'd like to have the two pages filled homogeneously with text.


title: Beamer vs. Minted: overlays

text: How to use beamer overlay inside minted code? The obvious solution does not work:               \documentclass{beamer}     \usepackage{minted}          \begin{document}          \begin{frame}[fragile]          \frametitle{Foo}          \begin{minted}{lua}     \uncover<1>{print("foo")}     \uncover<2>{print("bar")}     \uncover<3>{print("baz")}     \end{minted}          \end{frame}          \end{document}


title: LyX says apalike isn't compatible with author-year?

text: I am pretty new to LyX, and have no expirience with LaTeX. I'm writing my master's thesis in LyX, though, and I'm supposed to turn it in in a week. I want my bibliography to be "apa-ish", and have set the bibliography style to apalike. The problem is, when i try to export my document to pdf format, I get an error message saying `Package natbib Error: Bibliography not compatible with author- year citations.` What's wrong? I'm using Jabref to organice my references, by the way, but i doubt that has got anything to do with it. Edit: I should probably add that I do not face any such problems when using author-year citations with the plainnat bibliography style.


title: Rotate a PGF figure, and being able to center it

text: I have a figure, created in MS Visio, a PDF figure. I have added text to the figure using `qtix`. The code is pasted below:               \begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.30]     \pgftext{\includegraphics{TransformerSubstationFeeding}}          \small          \node at (8,-0.5) {Ground};     \node at (-0.5,-0.5) {Ground};     \node at (-9,-0.5) {Ground};          \node at (14.5,9.1) {Public grid; phase A};     \node at (14.5,8.3) {phase A};     \node at (14.5,7.5) {phase B};     \node at (14.5,6.7) {phase C};          \node at (14.5,2.3) {Railway grid};     \node at (14.5,1.5) {catenary};     \node at (14.5,0.7) {rail/ground};          \node at (11.5,3.8) {Transformer};     \node at (3.0,3.8) {Transformer};     \node at (-5.5,3.8) {Transformer};          \end{tikzpicture}      The figure is more landscape-shaped, so I want to rotate the figure in my document. The figure is attached below. ![](http://i.stack.imgur.com/MeFbL.png) The problem is I dot now know how to rotate figures that are inserted by the `\input` command. The `\includegraphics` command can use rotation, but then each text also need to be rotated. And when doing that, the centering of the image fails. I have tried that too. See the code below:               \begin{tikzpicture}[rotate=90,scale=0.32]     \pgftext{\includegraphics{TransformerSubstationFeeding}}          \small          \node[rotate=90] at (8,-0.5) {Ground};     \node[rotate=90] at (-0.5,-0.5) {Ground};     \node[rotate=90] at (-9,-0.5) {Ground};          \node[rotate=90] at (14.5,9.1) {Public grid; phase A};     \node[rotate=90] at (14.5,8.3) {phase A};     \node[rotate=90] at (14.5,7.5) {phase B};     \node[rotate=90] at (14.5,6.7) {phase C};          \node[rotate=90] at (14.5,2.3) {Railway grid};     \node[rotate=90] at (14.5,1.5) {catenary};     \node[rotate=90] at (14.5,0.7) {rail/ground};          \node[rotate=90] at (11.5,3.8) {Transformer};     \node[rotate=90] at (3.0,3.8) {Transformer};     \node[rotate=90] at (-5.5,3.8) {Transformer};               \end{tikzpicture}      The main document part of my code looks like:               \begin{figure}         \centering         \input{Visioritning2.pgf}         \caption{A simplified illustration of how the three-phase grid commonly feeds the railway when using substation transformers}         \label{Figure:SimplifiedTransformerSubstation}     \end{figure}      So any suggestions of what I should do? The main problem is:   * How to both rotate and center a PGF-created PDF-based figure with added explanatory text on it?   * Is it preferable to to the rotation in PGF-code or is it better to do it in the, or before the `\input` statement?


title: Including crop marks when printing

text: I would like to print crop marks around my document (an invitation). The invitation has a smaller size than the physical paper and the crop marks aid in the cutting process. Using the `crop` package, here is what I currently have:               \documentclass[11pt]{article}     \usepackage[pdftex]{graphicx}     \usepackage[dvips=false,pdftex=false,vtex=false,paperwidth=4in,paperheight=6in,margin=0.25in,bottom=1in,top=1in,nohead]{geometry}     \usepackage[letter,pdflatex,landscape,center]{crop}     \pagestyle{empty}          \begin{document}%     \crop[cam]     \centering          {\Huge Example Invitation}\\[1.5 in]          \begin{Large}     Date\\%     \&\\%     Time\\     \end{Large}\vspace{0.5in}          {\large Location}     \end{document}       Since the invitation itself is only 4x6 in, I should be able print two invitations on each letter-sized piece of paper. The crop package has a `mount2` option, but I was not able to get it to work. Has anyone ever done this?


title: Fiber-Optic-Style decoration

text: It would be nice to have a decoration style that reproduces the sign of an optic fiber. In this way, when drawing optic schemes it would be really easy to indicate that a fiber (drawn as a line with such Fiber-Optic-Style decoration) is connecting two optic devices (represented by nodes). The sign to represent a fiber optic is represented in the following picture. ![enter image description here](http://i.stack.imgur.com/Ru8lZ.png) Actually, the centers of the circles should be more spaced apart, but this is the simple picture I have found. Is there a way to modify the decoration style coil to do this? It would be even more nice to be able to set the space between the circles and their diameter. **EDIT** Using phase of tikz's snake decoration I manage to define a decoration that draw the fiber. However, there's three catches. First, I'd like to set a key to define the space between the centers of the circles, rather that shift by `.25\pgfdecorationsegmentamplitude`, such that one can choose that (and use `.25\pgfdecorationsegmentamplitude` as default value). Second, the key `width=1.5\pgfdecorationsegmentamplitude` is a check whether the input segment length is smaller or bigger that `1.5\pgfdecorationsegmentamplitude`. If it is smaller, it does not draw the circles but just a straight line. I wonder if this is the best choice or it should draw the circles anyway (see MWE). Third, if one append the key `->` in the path, the arrow it is not always drawn, but I can't understand why. Any help or ideas to solve these issues? Here's the minimal working example               \documentclass[a4paper]{article}          \usepackage{pgf,pgfsys,pgffor}     \usepackage{pgfplots}     \usepackage{pgfplotstable}     %\usepackage[caption=false]{subfig}     \usepackage{tikz}     \usetikzlibrary{intersections,arrows,decorations.pathmorphing,snakes}               \pgfdeclaredecoration{fiber}{initial}     {         \state{initial}[width=1.5\pgfdecorationsegmentamplitude, next state=final]{         \pgfpathmoveto{\pgfpointorigin}         \pgflineto{\pgfpoint{\pgfdecoratedinputsegmentlength/2}{0pt}}         \pgfpathcircle{\pgfpoint{\pgfdecoratedinputsegmentlength/2}{.5\pgfdecorationsegmentamplitude}}{.5\pgfdecorationsegmentamplitude}         \pgfpathcircle{\pgfpoint{\pgfdecoratedinputsegmentlength/2-.25\pgfdecorationsegmentamplitude}{.5\pgfdecorationsegmentamplitude}}{.5\pgfdecorationsegmentamplitude}         \pgfpathcircle{\pgfpoint{\pgfdecoratedinputsegmentlength/2+.25\pgfdecorationsegmentamplitude}{.5\pgfdecorationsegmentamplitude}}{.5\pgfdecorationsegmentamplitude}         \pgfpathmoveto{\pgfpoint{\pgfdecoratedinputsegmentlength/2}{0pt}}         }         \state{final}{             \pgfpathlineto{\pgfpointdecoratedpathlast}         }     }          \begin{document}     \begin{tikzpicture}[decoration={fiber, amplitude=1cm}]     \draw[->,decorate] (0, 5mm) -- ++(4,0); % No arrow!     \draw[->,decorate] (0,0)    -- ++(3,0); % No arrow!     \draw[->,decorate] (0,-5mm) -- ++(2,0); % No arrow!     \draw[->,decorate] (0,-1cm) -- ++(1,0); % No circles!     \draw[->,decorate] (0,-1.5cm) -- ++(0.5,0); % No circles!     \end{tikzpicture}          \end{document}


title: PSTricks with standalone class and newpage or pagebreak

text: Can I use page breaks with the `standalone` class with `PSTricks`? Are there limitations? Or is there some mistake in my code? I have been nearly successful in running the code below with PSTricks and LaTeX -> DVI -> PDF, but the `\pagebreak` command is ignored (no breaks, no errors) while the `newpage` command results in error. Below is code from the `PSTricks` examples page, with a different preamble. **Update 1:** Both Adam and Herbert point out that passing `pstricks` to the `standalone` class resolves the issue of automatic page breaks between `pspictures`. Adam was first, by a whisker, so I'm accepting his answer. **Update 2:** I have removed all references to `PDFTricks` and `pdfpic` and asked a separate question, for clarity: PDFTricks with standalone class The `PSTricks` code I use is from: http://tug.org/PSTricks/Examples/bracket.tex               % !TeX document-id = {b32deebm-2e5e-41ab-43b1-c1c98454e234}     % !TeX TXS-program:compile = txs:///pdflatex/[--shell-escape]     % Author: Peter S. Simon, Camarillo, CA     \documentclass[landscape,margin=3pt]{standalone}     \usepackage{pstricks}     \usepackage{pst-node}          % \nbox draws an ovalbox labeled by the argument which is also used     % as the node label.     \newcommand\nbox[2][white]{\rnode{#2}{\psframebox[fillcolor=#1,fillstyle=solid]{\makebox[3.5\unitlength][l]%         {\scriptsize #2:}\rule[-.3\unitlength]{0cm}{0.6\unitlength}}}}          % \race[#1]{#2}{#3}{#4}{#5}     % \race draws two \nbox's vertically centered and separated by #4 (no units).     % #1 is the top \nbox argument, #2 is the race label, #3 is the bottom \nbox     % argument.     \newcommand\race[5][white]{\vbox{\hsize=3.5\unitlength\addtolength{\hsize}{2\fboxsep}%         \addtolength{\hsize}{2\fboxrule}\nbox[#1]{#2}\par%         \vspace{#5\unitlength}\par\nbox[#1]{#4}}%       \ncline{-}{#2}{#4}\rput*(!         \psGetNodeCenter{#2} \psGetNodeCenter{#4} #2.x #4.x add 2 div #2.y #4.y add 2 div     ){\small\sf Race #3}}          \begin{document}     \psset{linewidth=1.5pt,framearc=0.3}          %  Winner's bracket       \begin{pspicture}(0,0)(25,20)         %\psset{unit=0.95cm}         \rput[t]{0}(12.5,20){\huge\bf           \begin{tabular}[t]{c}             \hphantom{The} Intratribal Winner's Bracket           \end{tabular}}         \rput[t]{0}(17,19){\large\bf           \begin{tabular}[t]{ll}             Tribe: &              \underbar{\hphantom{The Shoshone Tribe}}              \\[2\baselineskip]             Race Time: &              \underbar{\hphantom{The Shoshone Tribe}}            \end{tabular}}         \rput{0}(1,19){\race[yellow!40]{Car1}{1}{Car9}{.5}}         \rput{0}(1,16.5){\race[blue!40]{Car5}{2}{Car13}{.5}}         \rput{0}(1,14){\race[red!40]{Car3}{3}{Car11}{.5}}         \rput{0}(1,11.5){\race[green!40]{Car7}{4}{Car15}{.5}}         \rput{0}(1,9){\race[magenta!40]{Car16}{5}{Car8}{.5}}         \rput{0}(1,6.5){\race[cyan!40]{Car12}{6}{Car4}{.5}}         \rput{0}(1,4){\race[lime!40]{Car6}{7}{Car14}{.5}}         \rput{0}(1,1.5){\race[black!20]{Car10}{8}{Car2}{.5}}         %         \rput{0}(5.5,17.75){\race[yellow!40]{W1}{9}{W2}{1.7}}         \rput{0}(5.5,12.75){\race[red!40]{W3}{10}{W4}{1.7}}         \rput{0}(5.5,7.75){\race[green!40]{W5}{11}{W6}{1.7}}         \rput{0}(5.5,2.75){\race[blue!40]{W7}{12}{W8}{1.7}}         %         \psset{angleB=180,linearc=5pt}         \ncdiag{-}{Car1}{W1}    \ncdiag{-}{Car9}{W1}         \ncdiag{-}{Car5}{W2}    \ncdiag{-}{Car13}{W2}         \ncdiag{-}{Car3}{W3}    \ncdiag{-}{Car11}{W3}         \ncdiag{-}{Car7}{W4}    \ncdiag{-}{Car15}{W4}         \ncdiag{-}{Car16}{W5}    \ncdiag{-}{Car8}{W5}         \ncdiag{-}{Car12}{W6}    \ncdiag{-}{Car4}{W6}         \ncdiag{-}{Car6}{W7}    \ncdiag{-}{Car14}{W7}         \ncdiag{-}{Car10}{W8}    \ncdiag{-}{Car2}{W8}         %         \rput{0}(10,15.25){\race[yellow!40]{W9}{17}{W10}{4.25}}         \rput{0}(10,5.25){\race[red!40]{W11}{18}{W12}{4.25}}         %         \ncdiag{-}{W1}{W9}    \ncdiag{-}{W2}{W9}         \ncdiag{-}{W3}{W10}    \ncdiag{-}{W4}{W10}         \ncdiag{-}{W5}{W11}    \ncdiag{-}{W6}{W11}         \ncdiag{-}{W7}{W12}    \ncdiag{-}{W8}{W12}         %         \rput{0}(14.5,10.25){\race[yellow!40]{W17}{23}{W18}{9}}         %         \ncdiag{-}{W9}{W17}    \ncdiag{-}{W10}{W17}         \ncdiag{-}{W11}{W18}    \ncdiag{-}{W12}{W18}         %         \rput{0}(19,12){\race[yellow!40]{W23}{30}{W29}{2}}         %         \ncdiag{-}{W17}{W23}    \ncdiag{-}{W18}{W23}         %         \rput[l]{0}(22,12){\nbox[green!40]{W30}}         %         \ncdiag{-}{W23}{W30}    \ncdiag{-}{W29}{W30}         %         \rput{0}(19,5){\race[blue!40]{W23}{31 (if necessary)}{W29}{2}}         \rput[l]{0}(22,5){\nbox[lime!40]{Champ}}         %         \ncdiag{-}{W23}{Champ}    \ncdiag{-}{W29}{Champ}       \end{pspicture}          \newpage     %  Loser's bracket       \begin{pspicture}(0,0)(25,20)         \rput[t]{0}(12.5,20){\huge\bf           \begin{tabular}[t]{c}             \hphantom{The} Intratribal Loser's Bracket           \end{tabular}}         \rput[t]{0}(17,19){\large\bf           \begin{tabular}[t]{ll}             Tribe: &              \underbar{\hphantom{The Shoshone Tribe}}              \\[2\baselineskip]             Race Time: &              \underbar{\hphantom{The Shoshone Tribe}}            \end{tabular}}         \rput{0}(1,19){\race{L1}{13}{L2}{.5}}         \rput{0}(1,14){\race{L3}{14}{L4}{.5}}         \rput{0}(1,9){\race{L5}{15}{L6}{.5}}         \rput{0}(1,4){\race{L7}{16}{L8}{.5}}         %         \rput{0}(5.5,17.75){\race{W13}{19}{L9}{1.7}}         \rput{0}(5.5,12.75){\race{W14}{20}{L10}{1.7}}         \rput{0}(5.5,7.75){\race{W15}{21}{L11}{1.7}}         \rput{0}(5.5,2.75){\race{W16}{22}{L12}{1.7}}         %         \psset{angleB=180,linearc=5pt}         \ncdiag{-}{L1}{W13}    \ncdiag{-}{L2}{W13}         \ncdiag{-}{L3}{W14}    \ncdiag{-}{L4}{W14}         \ncdiag{-}{L5}{W15}    \ncdiag{-}{L6}{W15}         \ncdiag{-}{L7}{W16}    \ncdiag{-}{L8}{W16}         %         \rput{0}(10,16.5){\race{W19}{24}{L17}{1.5}}         \rput{0}(10,11.5){\race{W20}{25}{L18}{1.5}}         \rput{0}(10,5.25){\race{W21}{26}{W22}{4.25}}         %         \ncdiag{-}{W13}{W19}    \ncdiag{-}{L9}{W19}         \ncdiag{-}{W14}{W20}    \ncdiag{-}{L10}{W20}         \ncdiag{-}{W15}{W21}    \ncdiag{-}{L11}{W21}         \ncdiag{-}{W16}{W22}    \ncdiag{-}{L12}{W22}         %         \rput{0}(14.5,14){\race{W24}{27}{W25}{4}}         \rput{0}(14.5,7){\race{L23}{28}{W26}{2.5}}         %         \ncdiag{-}{W19}{W24}    \ncdiag{-}{L17}{W24}         \ncdiag{-}{W20}{W25}    \ncdiag{-}{L18}{W25}         \ncdiag{-}{W21}{W26}    \ncdiag{-}{W22}{W26}         %         \rput{0}(19,10.5){\race{W27}{29}{W28}{5}}         %         \ncdiag{-}{W24}{W27}    \ncdiag{-}{W25}{W27}         \ncdiag{-}{L23}{W28}    \ncdiag{-}{W26}{W28}         %         \rput[l]{0}(22,12){\nbox{W29}}         \ncdiag{-}{W27}{W29}    \ncdiag{-}{W28}{W29}       \end{pspicture}          \pagebreak     %  Intertribal Competition.       \begin{pspicture}(0,0)(25,20)         % \psset{unit=0.95cm}         \rput[t]{0}(12.5,20){\huge\bf           \begin{tabular}[t]{c}             Intertribal Competition           \end{tabular}}         \rput{0}(1,19){\race{Car1}{1}{Car9}{.5}}         \rput{0}(1,16.5){\race{Car5}{2}{Car13}{.5}}         \rput{0}(1,14){\race{Car3}{3}{Car11}{.5}}         \rput{0}(1,11.5){\race{Car7}{4}{Car15}{.5}}         \rput{0}(1,9){\race{Car16}{5}{Car8}{.5}}         \rput{0}(1,6.5){\race{Car12}{6}{Car4}{.5}}         \rput{0}(1,4){\race{Car6}{7}{Car14}{.5}}         \rput{0}(1,1.5){\race{Car10}{8}{Car2}{.5}}         %         \rput{0}(5.5,17.75){\race{W1}{9}{W2}{1.7}}         \rput{0}(5.5,12.75){\race{W3}{10}{W4}{1.7}}         \rput{0}(5.5,7.75){\race{W5}{11}{W6}{1.7}}         \rput{0}(5.5,2.75){\race{W7}{12}{W8}{1.7}}          %         \psset{angleB=180,linearc=5pt}         \ncdiag{-}{Car1}{W1}    \ncdiag{-}{Car9}{W1}         \ncdiag{-}{Car5}{W2}    \ncdiag{-}{Car13}{W2}         \ncdiag{-}{Car3}{W3}    \ncdiag{-}{Car11}{W3}         \ncdiag{-}{Car7}{W4}    \ncdiag{-}{Car15}{W4}         \ncdiag{-}{Car16}{W5}    \ncdiag{-}{Car8}{W5}         \ncdiag{-}{Car12}{W6}    \ncdiag{-}{Car4}{W6}         \ncdiag{-}{Car6}{W7}    \ncdiag{-}{Car14}{W7}         \ncdiag{-}{Car10}{W8}    \ncdiag{-}{Car2}{W8}         %         \rput{0}(10,15.25){\race{W9}{13}{W10}{4.25}}         \rput{0}(10,5.25){\race{W11}{14}{W12}{4.25}}         \ncdiag{-}{W1}{W9}    \ncdiag{-}{W2}{W9}         \ncdiag{-}{W3}{W10}    \ncdiag{-}{W4}{W10}         \ncdiag{-}{W5}{W11}    \ncdiag{-}{W6}{W11}         \ncdiag{-}{W7}{W12}    \ncdiag{-}{W8}{W12}         %         \rput{0}(14.5,10.25){\race{W13}{15}{W14}{9}}         \ncdiag{-}{W9}{W13}    \ncdiag{-}{W10}{W13}         \ncdiag{-}{W11}{W14}    \ncdiag{-}{W12}{W14}         \ncdiag{-}{W13}{W15}    \ncdiag{-}{W14}{W15}         %         \rput[l]{0}(19,10.25){\nbox{W15}}         \rput[b]{0}(20.7,10.7){\bf Champion}         \ncdiag{-}{W13}{W15}    \ncdiag{-}{W14}{W15}       \end{pspicture}          \end{document}


title: \newgeometry doesn't work with Turkish babel package

text: `\newgeometry` is a nice feature of `geometry` package. I found out that it doesn't work (together with many other problems) when `\usepackage[turkish]{babel}` is also used with many errors stating: > Missing \endcsname inserted... This seems to be a bug in Turkish babel which inserts space next to every "=" sign. I found a workaround:               \shorthandoff{=}     \newgeometry{top=1cm}     \shorthandon{=}      Any better ideas on getting this to work?


title: Changing \beforepoemtitleskip in memoir with verse package

text: I would like to increase the vertical space before the titles in a book of poetry that I am setting, but there is a seeming conflict between `\setlength{\beforepoemtitleskip}` and `\setlrmarginsandblock`.               \documentclass[ebook]{memoir}          \begin{filecontents}{memory.tex}     \poemtitle{memory poem}     \settowidth{\versewidth}{the pearly silver shell}          \begin{verse}[\versewidth]     I want a poem to kiss me\\     deep inside\\     the pearly silver shell\\     of soul\\     \end{verse}          \begin{verse}[\versewidth]     erase my nightmares\\     turn them into\\     delinquent good deeds\\     \end{verse}     \end{filecontents}     \usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}     \usepackage{atbegshi}     \usepackage{zref-abspage}     \usepackage{lipsum}     \usepackage{ccicons}     \usepackage{graphicx}     \usepackage{verse}          \chapterstyle{dash}               \setlrmarginsandblock{*}{0.75in}{*}     \setulmarginsandblock{0.75in}{0.75in}{*}     \checkandfixthelayout     \setlength{\evensidemargin}{\oddsidemargin}          \setlength{\beforepoemtitleskip}{2.0in}          \begin{document}          \pagestyle{plain}     \aliaspagestyle{part}{empty}          \mainmatter          \book*{\textsc{I Want A Poem}}          \include{memory}          \end{document}


title: Print only the 1st last name

text: I am using mik-tex latex. I need to reference my sources with capital last names, this definition kinda works               \DeclareNameFormat{}{\uppercase{#1}}      but it does only work if there is only one author. When there are many authors, the last names follow each other, which is not what i want. It should only print the last name of the first author. _Minimal example:_ latex file               \documentclass[     a4paper,     12pt,     ngerman     ]{scrreprt}          \usepackage[style=authoryear,backend=bibtex]{biblatex}          \addbibresource{minimal.bib}          % sources should be the last name and in capital letters     \DeclareNameFormat{}{\uppercase{#1}}               \begin{document}          this works \cite{lakos1996large}. This doesn't work \cite{rajkovicusing}.          \nocite{*}          \printbibliography          \end{document}      minimal.bib               @article{lakos1996large,     title={Large-scale C++ software design},     author={Lakos, John},     journal={Reading, MA},     year={1996}     }          @article{rajkovicusing,     title={Using CQRS Pattern for Improving Performances in Medical Information Systems},     author={Rajkovi{\'c}, Petar and Jankovi{\'c}, Dragan and Milenkovi{\'c}, Aleksandar},     year = {2013}     }


title: How do I italicise individual words within \scshape

text: I am currently using `mathpazo` for the font for my thesis. I want to use smallcaps for my section headings (as you can see in the MWE I have set `\allsectionsfont` to `\scshape`. The problem is that I have some botanical names in some headings that need to be italicised. These include the Tolypothrix and Calothrix in the MWE below. Does anyone have a working solution?               \documentclass[12pt,a4paper,openleft,draft]{report}     \usepackage[lmargin=4.0cm, rmargin=2.5cm,tmargin=3cm,bmargin=2.5cm]{geometry}     \usepackage{mathpazo}         \usepackage[margin=10pt,font=small,labelfont=bf,labelsep=period,singlelinecheck=false]{caption}     \usepackage{sectsty}     \usepackage{setspace}     \usepackage[english]{babel}     \usepackage{slantsc}               \allsectionsfont{\scshape}     \doublespacing     \begin{document}          \subsection{Differing results from phylogenetic analyses have significant consequences for the placement of Tolypothrix and Calothrix in the Nostocales}                    \end{document}


title: Bibliography title fontsize problem with BibTeX and the natbib package

text: I'm trying to change the fontsize of the Bibliography title to a normal size but I can't do it. I already try (without results):               \let\chapter=\chapter          \let\chapter=\section %works, but all the other section titles changes too and it's a mess          \renewcommand{\biblistfont}{     \normalfont     \normalsize}          % this last one show an error     \renewcommand{\bibsection}{%     \titleformat{\chapter} {\normalfont\tiny\filcenter\bfseries}{}{}{}     \titlespacing*{\chapter} {0pt}{60pt}{18pt}     \chapter*{ \bibname \markboth{\bibname}{\bibname}%      Also, this others commands to change the title name are not working (I want NEW TITLE instaed of New Title):               \renewcommand\bibname{New Title}     \renewcommand\refname{New Title}     \addto\captionsngerman{\renewcommand{\refname}{New Title}}      Here is a minimal example of my code:                \documentclass[letterpaper,oneside,11pt]{book}      \usepackage[spanish]{babel}      \usepackage[latin1]{inputenc}      \usepackage{natbib}      \usepackage{fancyhdr}           \pagestyle{fancy}      \begin{document}      \chapter{bla}      Bla bla bla      \section{bla bla}      Bla bla bla           \bibliographystyle{my style}      \bibliography{my bib}           \end{document}


title: Image in the top of a page

text: I am trying to fix an image in the top of a page, according with the margins definitions. It is the logo of a conference paper, so it has to be in the head of the first page. How can i do it? Thank you for your attention! Nicolo


title: 'Runaway argument? ' error when using the wx-ijcis class

text: I get the following error message when compiling for a journal article:               Runaway argument?     \relax \ifmmode \@badmath \else \bgroup \let \eqnnum \relax \let \refstepeqcnt      \ETC.     ! Paragraph ended before \@tempa was complete.     <to be read again>                     \par      l.435 \newenvironment{proof}[1][\proofname]{\par      See the sample code below. The same file with exactly the same packages works properly with any other class (e.g. `article`).               \documentclass{ws-ijcis}     \usepackage{amsthm}     \usepackage{algorithm}     \usepackage{algorithmic}     \usepackage{fullpage}     \usepackage{graphicx}     \usepackage{amsmath}     \usepackage{subfig}     \begin{document}     dfdfd     \end{document}      The journal class file can be found here.


title: Plot a loop with tikz

text: ![enter image description here](http://i.stack.imgur.com/GYyUA.jpg) I am learning the use of tikz. Your help is very impressive. I have to complete my drawing soon and its gives me difficulty to fix the positions of points from where to start and where to go. Would you suggest me at least one of the two plots at your earliest? I will be much benefited if you kindly help me for this.                 \documentclass{article}     \usepackage{tikz}     \usetikzlibrary{       decorations,       decorations.markings,       hobby,     }          \begin{document}      \begin{tikzpicture}[use Hobby shortcut, scale=1.5]          \draw[thick] (0.4, 0) .. (0.8, 0.3) .. (1.0, 0) .. (0.4, 0);         \draw  (-.3 ,1).. (0, 0) .. ( 1.2 , 0 )          \draw  (-.3 ,-1).. (0, 0) .. ( 1.2 , 0 ) .. ( 0 , 0 ) ;          \draw   (.5, 0) .. ( .8 , 0 ) .. ( .6 , 0 ) .. ( .7 , -0.012);          \draw (-.1, 1)..(-.08, .7)..(-.05, .4)..( .1 , .4 )..( .7 , .6 )..( 1.4 , 0 )..( .7 , -.6 )..( .2 , -.4 )..(-.1,-.5)..(-.11 ,-.8);         \node[inner sep=1.5pt,circle,fill=red] at  ( .7 , -0.01) {};         \node[rotate=0] at  ( 1.2 , -0.7) {\scriptsize H};         \end{tikzpicture}     \end{document}      This is for the 2nd.


title: Why is scaling text evil?

text: The TikZ & PGF manual says that > It is possible to transform nodes, but, by default, transformations do not > apply to nodes. The reason is that you usually do not want your text to be > scaled or rotated even if the main graphic is transformed. Scaling text is > evil, rotating slightly less so. Why is scaling text evil?


title: How do I change the footnote symbols (asterisk, daggers) to numbers?

text: I simply want my footnotes to use numbers rather than symbols (which for some reason is the default behaviour for an `article`. I would also like the horizontal line to extend the width of the page. How do I do this?               \documentclass[a4paper,oneside,12pt]{article}          \usepackage[english]{babel} % formatting rules for the English language     \usepackage[T1]{fontenc} % proper formatting for accented characters and non-standard characters such as pipelines     \usepackage[top=33mm, bottom=38mm, left=26mm, right=20mm]{geometry} % page layout     \usepackage{lmodern} % font formatting     \usepackage{float} % allow floating environments such as figures     \usepackage{amsmath} % math eqn formatting     \usepackage{amssymb} % math fonts          \begin{document}          \renewcommand{\thefootnote}{\arabic{footnote}} % this doesn't even fix it          \title{\bf{PROJECT}}     \author{NAME.\footnote{Student}}     \date{\today}          \maketitle          \vfill          \begin{abstract}     Abstract here     \end{abstract}          \clearpage     \tableofcontents     \cleardoublepage          \end{document}