title: Chess Opening Document

text: I am trying to make a PDF with Chess Openings. Before I used skak but now I am converting it to texmate. I want to put the mainline in bold as centered text. I also want the diagrams centered. At this moment I sometimes get an incorrect move numbering when I put text between 2 parts of the notation. Another thing is that the enumeration is not an itemised list. I tried to follow the manual that comes with the package but I must do something wrong. Can somebody put me in the right direction? I include my 'main' text and the first 'chapter'.               \documentclass[dutch,twocolumn,a4paper,10pt]{report}          \usepackage[skaknew]{chessfss}     \usepackage{texmate}     \usepackage{babel}     \usepackage[T1]{fontenc}     \usepackage{pslatex}     \usepackage{enumitem}     \usepackage{titlepic}     \usepackage{epsfig}     \usepackage[dvips,colorlinks]{hyperref}          \topmargin =-15.mm     \oddsidemargin =0.mm     \evensidemargin =0.mm     \headheight =0.mm     \headsep =0.mm     \textheight =250.mm     \textwidth =165.mm     \parindent =0.mm          \setlist{noitemsep}          \newcommand{\nieuwelijn}[3]{       \begin{center}\hrule\end{center}       \newgame       \section{#1}       \position[{#2}]{#3}     }     \newcommand{\opening}[1]{       \chapter{#1}       \newgame     }     \newcommand{\printbord}{       \begin{center}\showboard\end{center}     }     \newcommand{\sublijn}[3]{       \begin{center}\hrule width 3cm\end{center}       \newgame       \subsection{#1}       \newgame       \position[{#2}]{#3}     }     \newcommand{\tekst}[1]{       \parskip=2.mm       #1       \parskip=0.mm     }          \newcommand{\subsublijn}[3]{       \begin{center}\hrule width 2cm\end{center}       \newgame       \subsubsection{#1}       \newgame       \position[{#2}]{#3}     }     \newcommand{\extra}[2]{       \begin{center}\hrule width 3cm\end{center}       \newgame       \position[{#1}]{#2}     }     \newcommand{\variant}[1]{       \begin{center}\hrule\end{center}       \newgame     }          %\rightdiagramturn     \setboardfontsize{14pt}          \renewcommand\afterb{ }     \renewcommand\iopen{\par}     \renewcommand\iclose{\par}          \hypersetup{     citecolor=black,     linkcolor=black,     pdfauthor={Marco de Booij},     pdftitle={Opening Theorie},     pdfsubject={Opening Theorie},     pdfkeywords={schaken, theorie, openingen},     pdfcreator={LaTeX with hyperref package},     pdfproducer={latex + bibtex + dvips + ps2pdf}}          \title{Opening Theorie}     \author{Marco de Booij}     \date{\today{}}          \begin{document}     \maketitle          \tableofcontents          \input{Engels.tex}          \end{document}      The content of Engels.tex is:               \opening{Engels - A10-A39}     \tekst{Het Engels dankt zijn naam de Engelse (officieuze) wereldkampioen Howard Staunton. Hij speelde het in 1843 tijdens zijn match tegen Saint-Amant en in Londen tijdens het eerste internationale toernooi in 1851.}     \begin{center}|c4|\end{center}     \printbord     \begin{center}|c5|\end{center}     \tekst{Het Symetrisch Engels heeft als voordeel dat hoewel er veel mogelijke zetten zijn dat je meestal op dezelfde stellingen en mogelijkheden uitkomt. Ook is de strategie zowel voor wit als voor zwart te gebruiken. Verder kan het ook gebruikt worden tegen het Réti.}     \begin{center}|Nc3 Nc6|\end{center}     \printbord     \tekst{Het hoofddoel is om als wit \wmove{d4} te spelen of als zwart \bmove{d5}.          Wit moet nu een keuze maken. Hij kan proberen om d5 te controleren of om \wmove{d4} te spelen. Voor de 1\textsuperscript{e} keuze speelt hij \wmove{Nc3} gevolgd door \wmove{g3} en \wmove{Bg2}. Voor de 2\textsuperscript{e} speelt hij \wmove{Nf3} waarna \wmove{d4} gespeeld kan worden of nog wat wachten en eerst nog wat verder ontwikkelen}     \printbord     \tekst{Nu is het zwart zijn beurt om een(zelfde) keuze te maken.}     \[|\ahead\begin{variations}     \var d4     \var Nf3     \var g3     \end{variations}|\]          \nieuwelijn{Tweepaardensysteem (Axx)}{w 3}{r1bqkbnr/pp2pppp/2n5/2p5/2P5/2N5/PP2PPPP/R1BQKBNR}     \begin{center}|d4|\end{center}     \printbord     \tekst{Wit speelt meteen \wmove{d4}.}          \nieuwelijn{Driepaardensysteem (A35)}{w 3}{r1bqkbnr/pp2pppp/2n5/2p5/2P5/2N5/PP2PPPP/R1BQKBNR}     \begin{center}|Nf3 g6|\end{center}     \printbord          \nieuwelijn{Fianchettovariant (A36)}{w 3}{r1bqkbnr/pp2pppp/2n5/2p5/2P5/2N5/PP2PPPP/R1BQKBNR}     \begin{center}|g3|\end{center}     \printbord     \begin{center}|g6 4.Bg2 Bg7 5.Nf3 Nf6 6.O-O O-O|\end{center}     \printbord


title: How can $if$ and $else$ both be true?

text: I am looping through authors from YAML, but allowing for a standard block in my template. My author block looks like this:               \author{         $for(author)$             $if(author.name)$                 $author.name$$if(author.affiliation)$ \tiny $author.affiliation$$endif$             $else$                 $author$             $endif$         $endfor$     }      Why am I getting "Author" and "True"? I gather the second "True" is because $author$ has attributes (name)? but how can they both be true. If I reformat it like:               \author{         $for(author)$             $if(author.name)$                 author.name is true             $else$                 author.name is also not true             $endif$         $endfor$     }      it tells me both.


title: Table of Contents: Nice Titles for Parts

text: I have some long titles for Parts in a `{book}` file. In TOC I receive the following: > >     I Paaaaaaaaaaaaaaa >   >     aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaart    pagenum >   And I would like to have it like the following: > >     I Paaaaaaaaaaaaaaa >   >          aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaart    pagenum >   (so, I want to have some space in the second line before the text) Do you have any ideas how to do it? I tried to add `\hspace{}` in title, but it does not help. LaTeX makes it in such format for chapters and sections, but not for Parts. Another small question: I use `tocloft` package for design. I wanted to add the word Part before the numbers of parts in TOC (f.e. using `\cftpartpresnum`), but I want to add it only for numbered parts. For example I want to have: > >     Intro ..... 1 >     Part I Lalala ...2 >     Part II Lalalala...4 >     Conclusion ....6 >   Is it possible? `\cftpartpresnum` adds to all parts.


title: Calculating the the exact width of the text and a lettrine

text: This is one question which technically could be broken into two minor questions. I am using a `lettrine` and some verse text, but the calculation to determine how much to indent the text does not always work properly. I have tried to set the `\titlespacing` of the `\section` to `runin`, but it did not come out as expected. Here is an example of the code, reduced as much as I could to show the failure and a working example:               \documentclass[paper=a5,pagesize=pdftex]{scrbook}     \usepackage[top=2cm,bottom=1.5cm, left=1.5cm, right=1.5cm]{geometry}     \usepackage[pagestyles]{titlesec}     \usepackage{lettrine}     \usepackage{xltxtra}     \usepackage{etoolbox}     \usepackage{setspace}          \renewcommand{\thesection}{\arabic{section}}     \renewcommand{\thesubsection}{\arabic{subsection}}          \setmainfont{Cardo}          \newcounter{bingo}     \newlength\howwide          \newcommand\defhowwide{         \setcounter{bingo}{\value{section}}         %To sync the width with the next section to display         \addtocounter{bingo}{1}         \settowidth{\howwide}{\Huge{\thebingo}}         }          % sections and subsections formatting     \titleformat{\section}{}{\lettrine{\thesection}}{0pt}{}[\vskip-1\baselineskip]     \titleformat{\subsection}[runin]{\small\bfseries}{\thesubsection}{1em}{}     \titlespacing{\section}{\howwide}{-1pt}{0pt}     \titlespacing{\subsection}{0pt}{0pt}{1em}          \setlength{\parindent}{0pt}          \newlength\NumLen     \newlength\LinLen     % indents one line of text. Indentation= width of section number + 1em     \newcommand\IndOne{%       \setlength\NumLen{\howwide}       \addtolength\NumLen{0.5em}       \setlength\LinLen{\dimexpr\textwidth-\NumLen}%\the\NumLen\the\LinLen       \parshape 2 \NumLen \LinLen 0pt \textwidth}     % indents two lines of text. Indentation= width of section number + 1em     \newcommand\IndTwo{%       \setlength\NumLen{\howwide}       \addtolength\NumLen{0.5em}       \setlength\LinLen{\dimexpr\textwidth-\NumLen}%\the\NumLen\the\LinLen       \parshape 3 \NumLen \LinLen \NumLen \LinLen 0pt \textwidth}          \usepackage{layouts}          \usepackage[none]{hyphenat}     \sloppy          \begin{document}     \newlength{\myIndent}          \setcounter{section}{4}     \defhowwide     \section{}     \settowidth{\myIndent}     {\IndOne Kom nou, julle rykes, ween en huil oor die ellendes wat oor julle kom.}     \ifdimless{\myIndent}     {\textwidth-\howwide}     {\IndOne Kom nou, julle rykes, ween en huil oor die ellendes wat oor julle kom. \stepcounter{subsection}     \subsection{} \IndOne Julle rykdom is bedorwe, en julle klere is deur die motte verniel.}     {\IndTwo Kom nou, julle rykes, ween en huil oor die ellendes wat oor julle kom. \stepcounter{subsection} \subsection{} Julle rykdom is bedorwe, en julle klere is deur die motte verniel.}     \printinunitsof{pt}     \prntlen{\myIndent} myIndent\\     \prntlen{\textwidth} textwidth\\     \prntlen{\linewidth} linewidth\\     \prntlen{\howwide} howwide\\     \prntlen{\LinLen} LinLen\\     \prntlen{\NumLen} NumLen     \subsection{} Julle goud en silwer is verroes, en hulle roes sal tot 'n getuienis teen julle wees en sal soos 'n vuur julle vlees verteer. Julle het skatte vergader in die laaste dae.          \setcounter{section}{9}     \defhowwide     \section{}     \settowidth{\myIndent}     {\IndOne Kom nou, julle rykes, ween en huil oor die ellendes wat oor julle kom.}     \ifdimless{\myIndent}     {\textwidth-\howwide}     {\IndOne Kom nou, julle rykes, ween en huil oor die ellendes wat oor julle kom. \stepcounter{subsection}     \subsection{} \IndOne Julle rykdom is bedorwe, en julle klere is deur die motte verniel.}     {\IndTwo Kom nou, julle rykes, ween en huil oor die ellendes wat oor julle kom. \stepcounter{subsection} \subsection{} Julle rykdom is bedorwe, en julle klere is deur die motte verniel.}     \printinunitsof{pt}     \prntlen{\myIndent} myIndent\\     \prntlen{\textwidth} textwidth\\     \prntlen{\linewidth} linewidth\\     \prntlen{\howwide} howwide\\     \prntlen{\LinLen} LinLen\\     \prntlen{\NumLen} NumLen     \subsection{} Julle goud en silwer is verroes, en hulle roes sal tot 'n getuienis teen julle wees en sal soos 'n vuur julle vlees verteer. Julle het skatte vergader in die laaste dae.     \end{document}      In general the code works well but in some instances still ends up overlapping the text as in this screenshot. ![Problem displayed](http://i.stack.imgur.com/OzvPB.png) I guess if I can find the exact width of the `lettrine` I would be able to do the `\ifdimless{\myIndent}{\textwidth-\howwide}...` calculation more accurately. * * * As mentioned below in the comments. Compile using XeLaTeX and Cardo font to get the same results.


title: How can I write a nested loop if the inner loop doesn't always have the same number of repetitions?

text: I am writing a questionnaire. It lists 16 software features, and the participants should answer things like "I find this feature: Very important - Somewhat important - Not at all important" once for each feature. The wording of the features and of each question changes a lot while we are working on the questionnaire, so it would be insane to format everything per hand and include the changes over and over. Instead, I created a command called `\featureanswers` which takes one argument (the feature description) and prints the questions about the features. I use this command with a `pgffor` loop to create the questionnaire. Now, my boss decided that we have to change the numbering. Because Feature 7 and Feature 8 are mutually exclusive, they should be numbered Feature 7a and Feature 7b instead. I can't find a good solution for this case. I tried writing a nested loop, but only succeeded in writing one which expects the same number of elements for each run of the inner loop. Any ideas how I can handle that automatically? I know I can split it to two loops (before and after 7) and print 7a and 7b on their own, but I would like a more elegant solution, which can handle future changes to the other features. This is the code for the current version. It assumes all features are the same (no 7a and 7b).               \documentclass[a4paper,12pt]{article}      \usepackage{pgffor}     \usepackage{amssymb}          \def\allfeatures{\fone,\ftwo,\fthree,\ffour,\ffive,\fsix,\fseven,\feight,\fnine,\ften,\feleven,\ftwelve,\fthirteen,\ffourteen,\ffifteen,\fsixteen}          \def\fone{redacted}     \def\ftwo{redacted}     \def\fthree{redacted}     \def\ffour{redacted}     \def\ffive{redacted}     \def\fsix{redacted}     \def\fseven{redacted}     \def\feight{redacted }     \def\fnine{redacted}     \def\ften{redacted}     \def\feleven{redacted}     \def\ftwelve{redacted}     \def\fthirteen{redacted}     \def\ffourteen{redacted}     \def\ffifteen{redacted}     \def\fsixteen{redacted}          \newcounter{featurecounter}     \setcounter{featurecounter}{0}     \newcommand{\featureanswers}[1]     {     \stepcounter{featurecounter}              \vspace{18pt}         {\bf Feature} \arabic{featurecounter} {#1}         \begin{enumerate}              \parbox{8cm}{\item I can envision a way this feature will be implemented.}             \begin{tabular}{c c c c c}                 really well & & unsure & & not at all \\                 $\square$ & $\square$ & $\square$ & $\square$ & $\square$ \\             \end{tabular}                  \parbox{4.5cm}{\item I think this feature is: }                 \begin{tabular}{c c c c c}                     very important & & slightly important & & not important \\                     $\square$ & $\square$ & $\square$ & $\square$ & $\square$ \\                 \end{tabular}              \end{enumerate}     }          \begin{document}          \foreach \featureB in \allfeatures{         \featureanswers{\featureB}     }          \end{document}


title: Changing "-" to \textendash

text: I have a large LaTeX document, where hyphens are typeset with a single dash ("-") throughout. In my font, this shows up as a bold and vertically slightly off-center blob, but I'd like it to look like `\textendash`. I tried to define `-` as a command that would translate to `\textendash` (by inserting `\newcommand{-}{\textendash}` in the preamble) but of course it didn't work. However I'd like it to work with the current "-" left in, since I 1) don't want to have to go through the entire document to replace the correct ones, and 2) don't want to rely on the next person editing the document avoiding "-" in favor of something else. Is there any way to make "-" render in a nicer way? **Clarification:**   * It is not necessary for me to use the `\textendash` specifically - my main concern is that the dashes that are produced, both by my `-` in the source, and by LaTeX's hyphenation at line-breaks, are ugly. I want a nicer rendering, but I have no specific requirement on which character should be used.   * The document can contain math minuses, and will definitely contain hyphens in references to file names. I `only` want to change the actual hyphens - basically, change the character TeX uses when it sees `-` in the source, and in _every place_ that character would be used in a document.


title: Figures in Latex: TikZ vs. eps

text: I usually use TikZ to generate graphics in LaTeX, but a new coauthor suggested to use Inkscape and EPS files for our graphics. He thinks that we should avoid using additional packages. I never thought about it this way. My question is whether this is a valid point and one should thus just include EPS files for the figures?


title: Modifying the look of table of contents

text: How to modify the table of contents to appear similar to this.Alignments are temporary but it should be similar.How do I do it?![enter image description here](http://i.stack.imgur.com/tfVp2.png)


title: Reordering the rows of a table using pgfplotstable

text: I have a table in a file called `dummy.txt` which contains the following data:               value1  value2  value3     1   11  2.13652246624232     2   12  0.513442717554625     3   13  1.69712766271722     4   14  -1.57360405275275     5   15  0.784061900065905      I can print the table via               \pgfplotstabletypeset[       col sep=tab,        columns={value2,value1}        ]{dummy.txt}      Is there a similarly easy way to select the order and the actual selection for the rows, as there is for the columns? I had a look at the manual, and the only thing which came close was the `row predicate` argument, which seemed a bit too powerful for my goal of selecting row number 2,3 and 5. And I don't know how to work with logical predicates in TeX.


title: Problem with `include` command

text: I have prepared a cover page and the first chapter of my dissertation. Both of these are in different tex files. I read that in order to have everything in a master file you need to use the `include` command. It does not work for me so far. Here is the minimal example.               % cover_page.tex     \documentclass[10pt,a4paper]{article}     \usepackage[latin1]{inputenc}     \usepackage{amsmath}     \usepackage{amsfonts}     \usepackage{amssymb}     \usepackage{graphicx}          %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%   %%%%%%%     %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%         TITLE, AUTHOR FOLLOWS            %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%     %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%          \title{\textbf{{\huge Proposal}} \\[8pt] Essays on ...}     \author{by Me}     \date{}     %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%    DOCUMENT BEGINS    %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%               \begin{document}     \maketitle     \thispagestyle{empty} % no number in the first page          \vspace{3cm}     \begin{center}     Advisor:      \end{center}          \vspace{2.5cm}               \begin{minipage}[c]{14.5cm}     \centering Proposal      \end{minipage}                \vspace{3cm}      \begin{minipage}[c]{14.5cm}      \centering Department \\       University \\     \end{minipage}               \vspace{2.5cm}     \begin{center}     \date{A month}     \end{center}          \newpage     \thispagestyle{empty}          \begin{center}     \begin{tabular}{lllll}      Advisor & \hspace{2cm} & \hspace{1cm} & Me & \hspace{2cm} \\[25pt]       \cline{1-2}\cline{4-5}      \textit{Signature} & & & \textit{Signature} &  \\[25pt]       \cline{1-2}\cline{4-5}      \textit{Date}  & & & \textit{Date} &  \\       \end{tabular}       \end{center}           \end{document}      Now let us move on chapter_1.tex               \documentclass[10pt,a4paper]{article}     \usepackage[latin1]{inputenc}     \usepackage{amsmath}     \usepackage{amsfonts}     \usepackage{amssymb}     \usepackage{graphicx}     \title{My title}     \author{PSK}     %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%    DOCUMENT BEGINS    %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%          \begin{document}     \maketitle     \thispagestyle{empty} % no number in the first page          \newpage          Some stuff here           \end{document}      And last, but not least the master file:               \documentclass{article}          \begin{document}     \include{cover_page.tex}     \include{chapter_1.tex}          \end{document}


title: Strange alignment of scaled greek letters in fractions (XeTeX or pdfTeX)

text: The following code:               \documentclass[a4paper]{report}     \usepackage{amsmath,amsfonts,amssymb,multirow,mathptmx}     \usepackage{graphicx}          \begin{document}     $$\frac{\scalebox{0.7}[0.7]{$\mu$}}{2\lambda x}$$     \end{document}      typesets to: ![enter image description here](http://i.stack.imgur.com/glAo8.png) Apart from the odd scaling, which is the wrong factor and looks better with 0.9, why is that mu not centered in the fraction but moved to the right side? PS All I can do to avoid this is `\mathclap`ing the letter with the `mathtools` package, or maybe putting a negative space before it, as far as I know...


title: How to avoid change of textsize when using underbrace?

text: I'd like to use `underbrace` in a formula:               \begin{IEEEeqnarray}{r/C/l?s}     P_{a} \left( a | \gamma, \epsilon, \hat{K} \right)      & = & \frac{1}{1 + \frac{\gamma}{\epsilon} \times     \underbrace{      \frac{\alpha_{X} \left( p_{f} | \hat{K} \right)} {\alpha_{Y} \left( a | \hat{S} \right)}     }_{\Gamma \left( a | \hat{K} \right)}     }      & \IEEEnonumber     \end{IEEEeqnarray}      Compared to the formula without underbrace, the the underbraced part is enlarged:               \begin{IEEEeqnarray}{r/C/l?s}     P_{a} \left( a | \gamma, \epsilon, \hat{K} \right)      & = & \frac{1}{1 + \frac{\gamma}{\epsilon} \times     % \underbrace{      \frac{\alpha_{X} \left( p_{f} | \hat{K} \right)} {\alpha_{Y} \left( a | \hat{S} \right)}     % }_{\Gamma \left( a | \hat{K} \right)}     }      & \IEEEnonumber     \end{IEEEeqnarray}      How can I avoid the change of the font-size when underbracing parts of a formula?


title: Figure with a different box around

text: I'm trying to make a box around my figure like the ones in Benjamin Pierce "Types and Programming Languages" book and Luca Cardelli paper "Types Systems". Such boxes have horizontal rules and only small vertical lines on the corners. I can't really get the hack, does anyone have any idea on how to do this?


title: Create bar chart with description from file

text: I'd like to   * create a bar chart   * read data directly from file,    * add detailed description directly inside/over the bars   * and write the actual value near the actual coord   * set bar color according to a column my preferred result would look like this: ![That would be the dream](http://i.stack.imgur.com/L74EA.png) That's what I got so far: ![That's what I got so far](http://i.stack.imgur.com/GbFrr.png)               \documentclass{article}     \usepackage[utf8x]{inputenc}     \usepackage{pgfplots,pgfplotstable}          \pgfplotsset{compat=1.9}     \pgfplotstableread[col sep=comma]{     surname,prename,values     Miller,Martin,0.8     Public,John,0.4     Miller,Catherine,0.6     }\testdata          \begin{document}              \begin{tikzpicture}             \begin{axis}[                     xbar,                     ytick = data,                     yticklabels from table={\testdata}{surname},                     major y tick style = transparent,                     ]                 \addplot table[y expr=\coordindex,x=values]{\testdata};             \end{axis}         \end{tikzpicture}          \end{document}


title: Using dcolumn assignment with datatool

text: I seem unable to use columns defined with dcolumn with datatool. For example if my table is               table1.csv     events,100,10          \usepackage{dcolumn}                                                                                \usepackage{datatool}          \DTLloaddb[noheader,keys={events,num,err}]{table1}{table1}          \newcolumntype{d}{D{,}{\pm}{-1}}           \begin{table}[h]     \begin{tabular}{l d}%                                                                                {\bf Events} & {Number with Error} %                                                                                \DTLforeach*{table1}{%                                                                                \events=events,\num=num,\err=err}{%                                                                                \\                                                                                \events & \num , \err}%                                                                                \end{tabular}                                                                                \end{table}                                           If datatool was working with dcolumn, I'd expect a plus-or-minus sign between 100 and 10 when printed, but it returns a comma, "100 , 10" Does anyone have any suggestions? I'd like to use datatool to automate a lot of the table making but I also really like the formatting afforded by dcolumn.


title: Increment loop variable in inner foreach loop

text: I need the following pairs of numbers: 12 13 14 23 24 34 My first attempt was to use two nested foreach loops:               \foreach \x in {1,...,4} {       \foreach \y in {\x+1,...,4} { % This would be very easy in LuaTeX         \node at (\x,\y) {(\x,\y)};       }     }      But TikZ or LaTeX interprets the `+` in `\x+1` not like a arithmetic operation, but as a string. So `1+2` is not interpreted as `3`, but as a string `1+2`. I am sure there must be a way to generate the above sequence of pairs of number, but I don't know how. I am also tempted to switch to LuaTeX or LuaLaTeX, because such loops are very easy to handle in a general programming language.


title: siunitx table leading zeros

text: How to preserve the leading zeros of the errors in a table using siunitx' S column type.               \documentclass[ngerman,english]{scrreprt}          \usepackage{babel}         \usepackage[locale=DE]{siunitx}         \sisetup{separate-uncertainty}     \sisetup{multi-part-units=single}          \usepackage{booktabs}          \begin{document}          \selectlanguage{ngerman}              \begin{tabular}{l*{2}{S[table-figures-decimal=1,                             table-text-alignment=left,                             table-number-alignment=left,                             table-figures-uncertainty=1]}}        \toprule        A & {Column1 symbol $\Delta$} & {Column2 symbol $\delta$} \\          & {Column1} & {Column2} \\        \midrule        B &  -5.0 \pm 1.0 & -10.0 \pm 02.0 \\        C &   0.0 \pm 1.0 &   5.0 \pm 02.0 \\        D & -20.0 \pm 1.0 & -100.0 \pm 20.0 \\     \bottomrule     \end{tabular}     \end{document}


title: TeXlipse cannot build

text: On my new computer I cannot get TeXlipse to build. I'm on a Windows 7 Machine using MikTeX portable. I keep getting the error               pdflatex.exe: the memory dump file could not be found.      This does not appear to be a problem with MikTeX as I can compile from a different editor (Texmaker). I also re-installed MikTeX, and this didn't work. In addition, I've re-installed TeXlipse, and I still get the same problem. In short, I have tried everything. All suggestions greatly appreciated.


title: How to get Adobe Garamond Pro to work for mathdesign on XeLaTeX?

text: I have the following document:               \documentclass{article}     \usepackage[adobe-garamond]{mathdesign}     \begin{document}     This is a test. 1 $1$.     \end{document}      I believe the fonts are installed correctly because this works perfectly with pdflatex and lualatex, but it fails when I use xelatex. On Windows with texlive 2013, I get the following:               This is XeTeX, Version 3.1415926-2.5-0.9999.3 (TeX Live 2013/W32TeX)      restricted \write18 enabled.     entering extended mode     (./tmp.tex     LaTeX2e <2011/06/27>     Babel <3.9g> and hyphenation patterns for 78 languages loaded.     (c:/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/article.cls     Document Class: article 2007/10/19 v1.4h Standard LaTeX document class     (c:/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/size10.clo))     (c:/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/tex/latex/mathdesign/mathdesign.sty     (c:/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/tex/latex/graphics/keyval.sty)     (c:/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/ifthen.sty)     (c:/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/tex/latex/mathdesign/mdpgd/mdpgd.cfg)     (c:/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/tex/latex/mathdesign/mdpgd/mdpgd.sty     (c:/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/tex/latex/mathdesign/mdfont.def)     (c:/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/tex/latex/mathdesign/mdsffont.def)     (c:/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/tex/latex/mathdesign/mdttfont.def)     (c:/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/tex/latex/xkeyval/xkeyval.sty     (c:/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/tex/generic/xkeyval/xkeyval.tex))     (c:/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/tex/latex/mathdesign/mdpgd/ot1mdpgd.fd))     (c:/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/fontenc.sty     (c:/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/t1enc.def)     (c:/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/tex/latex/mathdesign/mdpgd/t1mdpgd.fd))) (./tmp.aux     ) (c:/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/tex/latex/mathdesign/mdacmr.fd)     (c:/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/tex/latex/mathdesign/mdbcmr.fd)     (c:/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/tex/latex/mathdesign/mdpgd/omlmdpgd.fd)     (c:/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/tex/latex/mathdesign/mdpgd/omsmdpgd.fd)     (c:/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/tex/latex/mathdesign/mdpgd/omxmdpgd.fd)     (c:/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/tex/latex/mathdesign/mdpgd/mdamdpgd.fd)     (c:/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/tex/latex/mathdesign/mdpgd/mdbmdpgd.fd) [1]     (./tmp.aux) )kpathsea:make_tex: Invalid fontname `<AGaramondPro-Regular.otf', co     ntains '<'          ** WARNING ** Could not locate a virtual/physical font for TFM "mdwgdr8t".     ** WARNING ** >> This font is mapped to a physical font "<AGaramondPro-Regular.o     tf".     ** WARNING ** >> Please check if kpathsea library can find this font: <AGaramond     Pro-Regular.otf     ** ERROR ** Cannot proceed without .vf or "physical" font for PDF output...          Output file removed.          Error 1 (driver return code) generating output;     file tmp.pdf may not be valid.     Transcript written on tmp.log.


title: Errors from \sfrac (xfrac package): "missing number" and "illegal unit of measurement"

text: When I attempt to use `\sfrac` (from the `xfrac` package), multiple `missing number, treated as zero` and `illegal unit of measurement (pt inserted)` errors are generated. Example document:               \documentclass{article}          \usepackage{xfrac}     \usepackage{fix-cm} % Fixes warnings about missing fonts; see http://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/32378/xfrac-siunitx-gives-me-a-font-warning          \begin{document}          Test $\sfrac{1}{2}$.          \end{document}      This generates eight errors, all at the location where `\sfrac` is used (half are "missing number" errors and the other half are "illegal unit" errors). I'm using TexMakerX 2.1 and MikTeX 2.9. Any suggestions as to how this problem might be resolved would be appreciated. EDIT: Here's the output from `\listfiles`, as requested:                *File List*      article.cls    2007/10/19 v1.4h Standard LaTeX document class       size10.clo    2007/10/19 v1.4h Standard LaTeX file (size option)        xfrac.sty    2011/10/09 v2896 L3 Experimental split-level fractions      amstext.sty    2000/06/29 v2.01       amsgen.sty    1999/11/30 v2.0     graphicx.sty    1999/02/16 v1.0f Enhanced LaTeX Graphics (DPC,SPQR)       keyval.sty    1999/03/16 v1.13 key=value parser (DPC)     graphics.sty    2009/02/05 v1.0o Standard LaTeX Graphics (DPC,SPQR)         trig.sty    1999/03/16 v1.09 sin cos tan (DPC)     graphics.cfg    2007/01/18 v1.5 graphics configuration of teTeX/TeXLive       pdftex.def    2011/05/27 v0.06d Graphics/color for pdfTeX     infwarerr.sty    2010/04/08 v1.3 Providing info/warning/message (HO)      ltxcmds.sty    2011/04/18 v1.20 LaTeX kernel commands for general use (HO)     l3keys2e.sty    2011/10/09 v2900 LaTeX2e option processing using LaTeX3 keys       xparse.sty    2011/10/09 v2900 L3 Experimental document command parser        expl3.sty    2012/07/16 v3990 L3 Experimental code bundle wrapper      l3names.sty    2012/07/16 v3990 L3 Namespace for primitives     l3bootstrap.sty    2012/07/15 v3986 L3 Experimental bootstrap code         etex.sty    1998/03/26 v2.0 eTeX basic definition package (PEB)     l3basics.sty    2012/07/15 v3987 L3 Basic definitions      l3expan.sty    2012/07/15 v3986 L3 Argument expansion         l3tl.sty    2012/07/15 v3986 L3 Token lists        l3seq.sty    2012/07/15 v3986 L3 Sequences and stacks        l3int.sty    2012/07/15 v3986 L3 Integers      l3quark.sty    2012/07/15 v3986 L3 Quarks        l3prg.sty    2012/07/15 v3986 L3 Control structures      l3clist.sty    2012/07/15 v3986 L3 Comma separated lists      l3token.sty    2012/07/15 v3986 L3 Experimental token manipulation       l3prop.sty    2012/07/15 v3986 L3 Property lists        l3msg.sty    2012/07/15 v3986 L3 Messages       l3file.sty    2012/07/15 v3986 L3 File and I/O operations       l3skip.sty    2012/07/15 v3986 L3 Dimensions and skips       l3keys.sty    2012/07/15 v3986 L3 Experimental key-value interfaces         l3fp.sty    2012/07/15 v3986 L3 Floating points        l3box.sty    2012/07/15 v3986 L3 Experimental boxes     l3coffins.sty    2012/07/15 v3986 L3 Coffin code layer      l3color.sty    2012/07/15 v3986 L3 Experimental colour support     l3luatex.sty    2012/07/15 v3986 L3 Experimental LuaTeX-specific functions     l3candidates.sty    2012/05/12 v3633 L3 Experimental additions to l3kernel     textcomp.sty    2005/09/27 v1.99g Standard LaTeX package       ts1enc.def    2001/06/05 v3.0e (jk/car/fm) Standard LaTeX file     xtemplate.sty    2011/10/09 v2900 L3 Experimental prototype document functions       fix-cm.sty    2006/09/13 v1.1m fixes to LaTeX       ts1enc.def    2001/06/05 v3.0e (jk/car/fm) Standard LaTeX file     supp-pdf.mkii      ***********


title: Right justification not correct

text: I am writing my thesis and I have started noticing wrong right justification. I have corrected some of them by replacing dashes with `\hyp{}`. However, I still struggle with the example below (citation breaks alignment). Any suggestions? LaTeX code:               An interactive method for segmenting full\hyp{}enhancing, ring\hyp{}enhancing and      non\hyp{}enhancing tumors has been presented by Letteboer et al.      \cite{Letteboer20041125}. They evaluated their approach with twenty clinical      cases. Based on a manual tracing of an initial slice, morphological filter      operations are applied to the MRI volume to divide the data in homogenous regions.      ![Right justification is broken by the citation](http://i.stack.imgur.com/Ve14C.png)               @article{Letteboer20041125,     title = "Segmentation of tumors in magnetic resonance brain images using an interactive multiscale watershed algorithm1 ",     journal = "Academic Radiology ",     volume = "11",     number = "10",     pages = "1125 - 1138",     year = "2004",     note = "",     issn = "1076-6332",     doi = "http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.acra.2004.05.020",     url = "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1076633204003484",     author = "Marloes M.J. Letteboer and Ole F. Olsen and Erik B. Dam and Peter W.A. Willems and Max A. Viergever and Wiro J. Niessen",     keywords = "Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)",     keywords = "brain tumors",     keywords = "interactive segmentation",     keywords = "multiscale image segmentation",     keywords = "watershed algorithm "     }


title: Bracket problems when splitting multiline equations

text: Basically, I have the following latex code:               \begin{align*}     + \left(    \left[ \sum_i y_i x_i(r) - \frac{1}{n}\sum_i y_i \sum_i x_i(r) \right]  \left[  \sum_i x_i^2(r) - \frac{1}{n} \left( \sum_i x_i(r)\right)^2\right]^{-2}  \left[ \sum_i \frac{d^2 x^2_i(r)}{dr^2} -  \frac{2}{n} \left[  \left( \sum_i \frac{d x^2_i(r)}{dr}  \right)^2 + \left( \sum_i x_i(r)\right) \left( \sum_i \frac{d^2 x_i(r)}{dr^2}\right) \right]\right]   \right) \\     \;\;\;)     \end{align*}      The problem is that this is too long to fit in one line. However, if I split it, an error occurs saying that there is no `\right)` to match the `\left(` on the same line. I tried `breqn`. It didnt work at all. Please help me out, as I am very tired of getting errors.


title: Superposing histogram and barplot (with transparency)

text: I'm having troubles when I try to plot in the same graph a bar plot and an histogram. This is my MWE (you can find my data set at the end of the post).               \documentclass{standalone}          \usepackage{pgfplots}         \pgfplotsset{%             compat=newest,%             /pgf/number format/use comma,%             /pgf/number format/1000 sep={\,},%             /pgf/number format/min exponent for 1000 sep=4}          \begin{document}          \begin{tikzpicture}          \begin{axis}[ybar,xtick=,width=\textwidth]              \addplot+[ybar]                 file {Data/Poisson/Poisson_Cs137_50.TKAT};              \addplot+[hist={data=x,bins=11,data max=11,data min=0}]                 file {Data/Poisson/Poisson_Cs137_50.TKA};          \end{axis}     \end{tikzpicture}          \end{document}      This is the output: ![Hist + Bar plot](http://i.stack.imgur.com/3hSnM.jpg) As you can see the bars of the bar plot are centered at the value, while the bars of the histogram starts at the value and ends at the next one. Searching in the pgfplots documentation, I didn't understand how to obtain exactly the same bars (starting at the same point and ending at the same point, so of the same width) for the two types of plot. Moreover, as the two plots represents theoretical and experimental data of a Poisson distribution, I wold like to superpose the two with a transparency: I would like to plot the experimental data over the theoretical data with a transparency of some %. Also for this I didn't find the necessary informations on the documentation (my fault, I know!). It is possible to obtain this? Thank you. **Data/Poisson/Poisson_Cs137_50.TKAT**               0 6.960737e+00     1 2.991752e+01     2 6.429334e+01     3 9.211177e+01     4 9.897500e+01     5 8.507968e+01     6 6.094597e+01     7 3.742117e+01     8 2.010471e+01     9 9.601201e+00     10 4.126634e+00     11 1.612403e+00      **Data/Poisson/Poisson_Cs137_50.TKA**               4     6     6     5     6     6     4     2     6     5     6     6     4     5     3     5     2     3     4     5     6     6     7     7     3     5     1     2     1     4     2     6     6     9     1     5     0     7     3     8     2     4     6     4     4     5     5     7     6     6     4     2     4     3     4     2     2     4     0     2     6     4     4     5     5     5     5     4     1     6     5     10     6     1     4     4     2     5     6     5     6     3     3     5     3     3     0     7     7     4     4     3     3     7     7     6     0     5     4     4     6     3     4     8     3     4     1     3     2     3     4     4     6     4     2     4     4     1     5     4     8     4     6     7     3     3     1     7     4     4     1     6     5     7     4     5     2     4     0     6     3     2     2     4     3     5     4     4     2     5     5     3     3     7     3     3     5     3     6     4     0     4     2     1     4     1     5     6     6     7     4     4     3     6     8     3     2     5     5     6     6     2     5     5     7     3     1     4     4     3     3     2     5     5     4     4     4     3     6     5     6     3     7     5     6     4     4     6     3     4     4     4     5     2     3     4     5     6     5     4     5     10     4     5     8     1     6     3     5     2     3     1     5     3     5     2     4     1     2     0     3     2     7     7     3     4     2     9     3     1     8     5     4     2     4     5     3     3     4     5     2     2     3     3     2     3     4     8     4     5     3     2     8     1     2     6     4     6     7     4     4     4     1     5     5     3     4     4     3     5     7     6     3     6     6     4     7     5     5     2     10     7     0     3     1     3     7     7     2     5     4     3     2     5     6     6     3     5     3     2     3     1     4     7     6     7     7     5     5     4     3     3     6     3     9     4     3     3     6     7     6     8     7     2     4     8     6     6     3     4     6     5     4     6     5     6     5     2     1     2     4     4     7     2     4     3     4     4     4     3     3     3     3     2     3     6     11     5     2     4     6     6     3     3     5     4     5     3     4     4     4     5     5     8     3     5     2     3     6     4     8     2     3     5     6     5     6     5     1     6     5     2     2     6     6     6     6     8     2     6     6     6     7     4     3     3     1     6     3     5     2     1     5     3     3     3     2     3     5     4     3     7     9     4     5     9     4     5     3     5     5     3     0     6     2     5     4     3     8     7     3     7     3     6     5     4     6     5     6     1     5     2     7     5     7     7     4     3     4     4     3     4     3     5     4     6     4     6     4     4     2     1     4     5     6     4     4     3     6     5     8     7     4     6     4     3     2     4     7     4


title: Extra space (or missing) after a ref with a second digit in a bibitem

text: I create my bibliography as follows but after the 10nth Ref i have an extra space on the first line or a missing space on the following lines. Any idea on how to fix this? Thank you!               \begin{thebibliography}{9}     .     .     .     \bibitem{hulu}     Hulu,     \emph{Hulu Bandwidth Recommendations},     URL: \url{http://www.hulu.com/support/article/197541},     January, 2014.          \bibitem{itu-t_p800_1}     ITU-T,     \emph{Mean Opinion Score (MOS) Terminology},     ITU-T Recommendation P.800.1,     November, 2006.     .     .     .     \end{thebibliography}      ![extra space after a ref with a second digit in bibitem after the second line](http://i.stack.imgur.com/X7kPH.png)


title: change glossaries title to centered and appendix entry to letter in report

text: As a follow up to this question i have two issues that have cropped up,   1. from my glossaries and titlesec setup my glossaries are `section` type, and my titleformat flushes left section titles, so is it possible to have these glossaries titles centered?   2. The other is that due to my change from numbers ie "CHAPTER 1" to text i.e "CHAPTER ONE", my appendix now behaves funny, in the table of contents we have appendix A and B, but in the body its called `Appendix ONE` and `Appendix TWO` how can i change this back to letters `A` and `B`? here is some minimal part of the preamble.               \usepackage{titlesec}     \usepackage{fmtcount}     \usepackage[nonumberlist,acronym,toc,section]{glossaries}        \newglossary[alg]{acronymlist}{acr}{acn}{ACRONYMS}     \newglossary[slg]{symbolslist}{syi}{syg}{LIST OF SYMBOLS}     \newglossary[abg]{abbrevlist}{abi}{ayg}{GLOSSARY}     \titleformat{\chapter}[display]        {\normalfont\normalsize\bfseries}        {\filcenter\chaptertitlename\ \NUMBERstring{chapter}}{10pt}{\filcenter\normalsize\MakeUppercase}      \titlespacing*{\chapter}{0pt}{-50pt}{40pt}      \titleformat{\section}{\normalfont\normalsize\bfseries} {\thesection}{1em}{}     \titleformat{\subsection}{\normalfont\normalsize\bfseries} {\thesubsection}{1em}{}     \titleformat{\subsubsection}{\normalfont\normalsize\bfseries} {\thesubsubsection}{1em}{}


title: Why can't we use a \define'd value as a parameter to \switchtobodyfont[...]?

text: This is a followup to the question Are \def and \define the same in ConTeXt? This snippet of code in mkiv ConTeXt (TeX Live 2013 version):               \define\smallfontsize{8.1pt}     \starttext     foo \switchtobodyfont[\smallfontsize] bar     \stoptext      gives the following output, including an error:               ...     fonts           > bodyfont '\smallfontsize ' is defined (can better be done global)     fonts           > bodyfont '9.72pt' is defined (can better be done global)     fonts           > bodyfont '6.48pt' is defined (can better be done global)     ! LuaTeX error [string "\directlua "]:1: invalid escape sequence near '\s'.          system          > tex > error on line 3 in file C:/Users/Huttar/Documents/work/tex/test-define.tex: LuaTeX error  ...          1     \define\smallfontsize{8.1pt}     2     \starttext     3 >>  foo \switchtobodyfont[\smallfontsize] bar     4     \stoptext     5                    \ctxcommand #1^^@-\directlua {commands.#1}          \font_helpers_low_level_define ..._designsize " )}                                                       \edef \somefontspec {at \n...     \font_helpers_trigger_define ..._identifier_class                                                        \csname \v_font_identifier...     \applyfontclassstrategies ...\fontface \endcsname                                                        \else \expandafter \font_h...     \font_helpers_synchronize_font ...classstrategies                                                        \fi \setfalse \c_font_auto...     \rm f-\ifmmode \mathrm \else \normalrm                                             \fi      ...     l.3 foo \switchtobodyfont[\smallfontsize]                                             bar      However if we change the `\define` at the beginning to `\def`, the error goes away. The answer at http://tex.stackexchange.com/a/55778/6973, while helpful, only seems to describe the differences in terms of arguments to macros. In this case, where there are no arguments, why does `\switchtobodyfont[\smallfontsize]` fail when `\smallfontsize` is defined using `\define`? We would like to understand this better so we can avoid using `\define` in unsafe ways in the future. A secondary question would be this (teach a man to fish!)... When confronted with the above error messages, we were at a loss to figure out what the problem was. The diagnostics didn't seem to point toward what the problem was, in a way we could understand. (It gave us the right line number, but the actual `\switchtobodyfont[\smallfontsize]` was buried a couple of macro invocations deep, along with a lot of other code.) We only figured out a solution because a colleague did a lot of trial-and-error commenting out code to find the offending line, and because we had run into a similar problem a long time ago. Is there something in that output that we can learn to interpret so that we could infer the cause and the solution of the problem? (Or could the diagnostic messages be improved to give a better clue to the cause?)


title: Align in Substack

text: \sum_{\substack{n=1\\n\neq i}}^N      Using `\substack` to add multiple lines as subscripts of a sum does not make them aligned on the equal / not equal symbol. I found some answers to this problem, like phantom characters with `\hphantom` or the `aligned` environment; however, the former is not useful in my case, while the latter ruins the spacing, and I would rather not have to manually fix it. Isn't there a package which simply aligns two rows using the ampersand symbol in a math environment, similarly to `tabular`?


title: 3D surface in pgfplots with given data

text: I am trying to make a 3D surface in `pgfplots` with input data. I am not able to get the expected graph. I would highly appreciate if you could point out to me what I am missing.               \documentclass{standalone}     \usepackage{pgfplots}     \usepackage{filecontents}               \begin{filecontents*}{mydata.dat}     x         y       z      -1 -1  597.00       1 -1  649.00      -1 -1  597.00       1 -1  649.00      -1  1 1056.75       1  1  801.50      -1  1 1056.75       1  1  801.50      -1 -1  597.00       1 -1  649.00      -1 -1  597.00       1 -1  649.00      -1  1 1056.75       1  1  801.50      -1  1 1056.75       1  1  801.50     \end{filecontents*}          \begin{document}          \begin{tikzpicture}         \begin{axis}[]            \addplot3[surf,  mesh] table{mydata.dat};         \end{axis}     \end{tikzpicture}          \end{document}


title: Unknown Option "noabbrev" for the package cleveref

text: In the `cleveref` package document, it is clearly stated that the `noabbrev` option prevents the names of the references to be abbreviated. For instance instead of "Fig. 1", I'll get "Figure 1". However, when I use the option like this:               \usepackage[noabbrev]{cleveref}      I get the following error:               Unknown option 'noabbrev' for package 'cleveref'.      How can I solve the problem? Is there any versioning issue? I am using MacTeX-2011. **Edit:** Here is the lines from log file related to the problem:               (/usr/local/texlive/2011/texmf-dist/tex/latex/cleveref/cleveref.sty     Package: cleveref 2011/03/22 v0.17.9 Intelligent cross-referencing     Package cleveref Info: `hyperref' support loaded on input line 2157.     LaTeX Info: Redefining \cref on input line 2157.     LaTeX Info: Redefining \Cref on input line 2157.     LaTeX Info: Redefining \crefrange on input line 2157.     LaTeX Info: Redefining \Crefrange on input line 2157.     ...


title: How can I align equations to the left?

text: I looked up a template to put my homework in a nice formatting, but I can't get it to look the way I want. More specifically, I want to:   * Align to the middle whatever is after: `\hspace{1in}` .... (I tried using `hspace`, but the statements are not aligned, they just have the same space away from the last character.   * I have tried using something other than inline display `$$`, but then I get the equations aligned to the center which I don't like. I want them to be aligned to the left   * If possible I would like to have the page split into two columns Here is a MWE:               \documentclass[]{book}          %These tell TeX which packages to use.     \usepackage{array,epsfig}     \usepackage{amsmath}     \usepackage{amsfonts}     \usepackage{amssymb}     \usepackage{amsxtra}     \usepackage{amsthm}     \usepackage{mathrsfs}     \usepackage{color}          %Here I define some theorem styles and shortcut commands for symbols I use often     \theoremstyle{definition}     \newtheorem{defn}{Definition}     \newtheorem{thm}{Theorem}     \newtheorem{cor}{Corollary}     \newtheorem*{rmk}{Remark}     \newtheorem{lem}{Lemma}     \newtheorem*{joke}{Joke}     \newtheorem{ex}{Example}     \newtheorem*{soln}{Solution}     \newtheorem{prop}{Proposition}          \newcommand{\lra}{\longrightarrow}     \newcommand{\ra}{\rightarrow}     \newcommand{\surj}{\twoheadrightarrow}     \newcommand{\graph}{\mathrm{graph}}     \newcommand{\bb}[1]{\mathbb{#1}}     \newcommand{\Z}{\bb{Z}}     \newcommand{\Q}{\bb{Q}}     \newcommand{\R}{\bb{R}}     \newcommand{\C}{\bb{C}}     \newcommand{\N}{\bb{N}}     \newcommand{\M}{\mathbf{M}}     \newcommand{\m}{\mathbf{m}}     \newcommand{\MM}{\mathscr{M}}     \newcommand{\HH}{\mathscr{H}}     \newcommand{\Om}{\Omega}     \newcommand{\Ho}{\in\HH(\Om)}     \newcommand{\bd}{\partial}     \newcommand{\del}{\partial}     \newcommand{\bardel}{\overline\partial}     \newcommand{\textdf}[1]{\textbf{\textsf{#1}}\index{#1}}     \newcommand{\img}{\mathrm{img}}     \newcommand{\ip}[2]{\left\langle{#1},{#2}\right\rangle}     \newcommand{\inter}[1]{\mathrm{int}{#1}}     \newcommand{\exter}[1]{\mathrm{ext}{#1}}     \newcommand{\cl}[1]{\mathrm{cl}{#1}}     \newcommand{\ds}{\displaystyle}     \newcommand{\vol}{\mathrm{vol}}     \newcommand{\cnt}{\mathrm{ct}}     \newcommand{\osc}{\mathrm{osc}}     \newcommand{\LL}{\mathbf{L}}     \newcommand{\UU}{\mathbf{U}}     \newcommand{\support}{\mathrm{support}}     \newcommand{\AND}{\;\wedge\;}     \newcommand{\OR}{\;\vee\;}     \newcommand{\Oset}{\varnothing}     \newcommand{\st}{\ni}     \newcommand{\wh}{\widehat}     \newcommand{\leftdisplay}[1]{\[\makebox[\textwidth][l]{$\displaystyle #1$}\]}          %Pagination stuff.     \setlength{\topmargin}{-.3 in}     \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{0in}     \setlength{\evensidemargin}{0in}     \setlength{\textheight}{9.in}     \setlength{\textwidth}{6.5in}     \pagestyle{empty}                    \begin{document}               \begin{center}     {\Large Math 3220-1 \hspace{0.5cm} HW 1}\\     \textbf{}\\ %You should put your name here     Date: \today %You should write the date here.     \end{center}          \vspace{0.2 cm}               \subsection*{Exercises for Section 8}              \begin{enumerate}             \item[7.]             $y = f(x)=\frac{1}{2}x^3$ \hspace{1in} $x=2$ and $\Delta{x}= dx = 0.1$\\             $y' = f'(x)=\frac{3}{2}x^2$\\             $dy = f'(x)dx = \frac{3}{2} \cdot 2^2 \cdot 0.1 = 0.6$\\             $\Delta{y} = f(x+\Delta{x}) - f(x)= \left(\frac{1}{2}(2+0.1)^3 - \frac{1}{2}(2)^3 \right) = 0.6305$\\                  \item[8.]             $y = f(x)=1-2x^2$ \hspace{1in} $x=0$ and $\Delta{x}= dx = -0.1$\\             $y' = f'(x)=-4x $\\             $dy = f'(x)dx = -4 \cdot 0 \cdot -0.1 = 0$\\             $\Delta{y} = f(x+\Delta{x}) - f(x)= \left((1-2(0+-0.1)^2) - (1-2(0)^2)\right) = -0.02$\\                  \item[9.]             $y = f(x)=x^4-1$ \hspace{1in} $x=-1$ and $\Delta{x} = dx = 0.01$\\             $y' = f'(x)=4x^3 $\\             $dy = f'(x)dx = 4(-1)^3 \cdot 0.01 = -0.04$\\             $\Delta{y} = f(x+\Delta{x}) - f(x)= \left(((-1+0.01)^4 - 1) - ((-1)^4 - 1)\right) = -0.03940399$\\                  \item[10.]             $y = f(x)=2x+1$ \hspace{1in} $x=2$ and $\Delta{x} = dx = 0.01$\\             $y' = f'(x)= 2 $\\             $dy = f'(x)dx = 2 \cdot 0.01 = 0.02$\\             $\Delta{y} = f(x+\Delta{x}) - f(x)= \left( 2(2+0.01)+1 - 2\cdot2+1 \right) = 0.02$\\         \end{enumerate}          \end{document}


title: LaTeX code for text above the $\rightarrow$

text: Hi I am wondering what code is used to get text above the `$\rightarrow$` have tried `$ \xrightarrow{P}$` but not running on my LaTeX as I do not know which package to install or how to install it. currently using `\usepackage{mathtools}` but it wants to load from a random directory and then LaTeX stops working.


title: Abbreviated month names as tick labels in PGFplots

text: How can I modify the following example from PGFplots package to have the x-axis represent months and labelled as JAN, FEB, MAR etc.?               \begin{tikzpicture}         \begin{axis}[             smooth,             stack plots=y,             area style,             enlarge x limits=false]         \addplot coordinates             {(0,1) (1,1) (2,2) (3,2)}              \closedcycle;         \addplot coordinates             {(0,1) (1,1) (2,2) (3,2)}             \closedcycle;         \addplot coordinates             {(0,1) (1,1) (2,2) (3,2)}             \closedcycle;         \end{axis}     \end{tikzpicture}


title: particular prominent yticklabels

text: Since the paraview legends look horrible when they appear inside a latex document, I want to replace them using Python's matplotlib and Nico's matplotlib2tikz package. So I have compiled a python script matplotlib4colorbars, that produces a tikz file, which can then be included in a tex document. The tex part in a single file reads (you will have to download the included image img1.png to produce the output)               \documentclass[a4paper,10pt]{article}     \usepackage[T1]{fontenc}     \usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}     \usepackage{tikz}     \usepackage{pgfplots}     \pgfplotsset{compat=newest}          %opening     \begin{document}          \begin{figure}         \newlength\figureheight         \newlength\figurewidth         \setlength\figureheight{8.5cm}         \setlength\figurewidth{2cm}     %   \input{colorbar.tikz}     \begin{tikzpicture}          \begin{axis}[     title={$\mathbf{v_x}$},     xmin=0, xmax=0.07635,     ymin=-0.247, ymax=1.28,     axis on top,     scaled x ticks=false,     xtick={,,},     xticklabels={,,},     width=\figurewidth,     height=\figureheight     ]     \addplot graphics [includegraphics cmd=\pgfimage,xmin=0, xmax=0.07635, ymin=-0.247, ymax=1.28] {img1.png};     \path [draw=black, fill opacity=0] (axis cs:13,1.28)--(axis cs:13,1.28);          \path [draw=black, fill opacity=0] (axis cs:0.07635,13)--(axis cs:0.07635,13);          \path [draw=black, fill opacity=0] (axis cs:13,-0.247)--(axis cs:13,-0.247);          \path [draw=black, fill opacity=0] (axis cs:0,13)--(axis cs:0,13);          \end{axis}          \end{tikzpicture}     \end{figure}          \end{document}      and it produces ![](http://i.stack.imgur.com/NvMtg.png), which I find more attractive than the paraview legend ![enter image description here](http://i.stack.imgur.com/SUTSE.png) **However** , I could not reproduce the prominent `yticklabels`. So the question is, how to make that the pgfplot has the margin points as labels? And, how to make these margin labels a bit larger than the others?


title: Change the background color in the title

text: I need to set the background color in my definition of the title but I don't know how I can do. I have the next definition:               \pretitle{\vspace{-90pt} \begin{flushleft} \HorRule \fontsize{20}{20} \usefont{OT1}{phv}{b}{n} \color{AzulUnir}  \selectfont }     \title{This is the title of the template article}        \posttitle{\par\end{flushleft}\vskip 0em}        \preauthor{\begin{flushleft} \large \lineskip 0em \usefont{OT1}{phv}{b}{sl} \color{AzulUnir}}        \author{Firstname Lastname,       \postauthor{\footnotesize \usefont{OT1}{phv}{m}{sl} \color{Black} Universdad \par\end{flushleft}\HorRule}      [EDIT] I'm using this template http://www.howtotex.com/download/2col-color- art-howtotex.tex but I need to customize the background color in the title and a in the section but I don't khow how to make none of them.


title: pdflatex: an empty page appears first when include a large figure

text: Here is my simple code. The figure is 11in x 8.5in. (or in letter size). My purpose is to emerge these pdf figures together and generate pdf with bookmarks. But the first empty page is very annoying. Is there any way to remove it without compromising the figure size?               \documentclass[landscape,letterpaper]{article}     \usepackage[pdftex]{color,graphicx}     \usepackage{float}     \pagestyle{empty}     \begin{document}     \textheight=11in     \clearpage     \begin{figure}[H]      \begin{center}      \includegraphics[width=11in]{tmpplotraw00.pdf}      \end{center}      \caption{core 0, Av=0}     \end{figure}     \end{document}      My output is :               This is pdfTeXk, Version 3.141592-1.40.3 (Web2C 7.5.6)     %&-line parsing enabled.     entering extended mode     (./tmplatex.tex     LaTeX2e <2005/12/01>     Babel <v3.8h> and hyphenation patterns for english, usenglishmax, dumylang, noh     yphenation, arabic, basque, bulgarian, coptic, welsh, czech, slovak, german, ng     erman, danish, esperanto, spanish, catalan, galician, estonian, farsi, finnish,     french, greek, monogreek, ancientgreek, croatian, hungarian, interlingua, ibyc     us, indonesian, icelandic, italian, latin, mongolian, dutch, norsk, polish, por     tuguese, pinyin, romanian, russian, slovenian, uppersorbian, serbian, swedish,     turkish, ukenglish, ukrainian, loaded.     (/usr/share/texmf/tex/latex/base/article.cls     Document Class: article 2005/09/16 v1.4f Standard LaTeX document class     (/usr/share/texmf/tex/latex/base/size10.clo))     (/usr/share/texmf/tex/latex/graphics/color.sty     (/usr/share/texmf/tex/latex/config/color.cfg)     (/usr/share/texmf/tex/latex/pdftex-def/pdftex.def))     (/usr/share/texmf/tex/latex/graphics/graphicx.sty     (/usr/share/texmf/tex/latex/graphics/keyval.sty)     (/usr/share/texmf/tex/latex/graphics/graphics.sty     (/usr/share/texmf/tex/latex/graphics/trig.sty)     (/usr/share/texmf/tex/latex/config/graphics.cfg)))     (/usr/share/texmf/tex/latex/float/float.sty) (tmp/tmplatex.aux)     <tmpplotraw00.pdf, id=1, 831.105pt x 578.16pt> <use tmpplotraw00.pdf>     Overfull \hbox (449.96999pt too wide) in paragraph at lines 13--14[]     [1] [2{/usr/share/texmf/fonts/map/pdftex/updmap/pdftex.map} <./tmpplotraw00.pdf>]                 (tmp/tmplatex.aux) )     (see the transcript file for additional information)</usr/share/texmf/fonts/typ     e1/bluesky/cm/cmr10.pfb>     Output written on tmp/tmplatex.pdf (2 pages, 114822 bytes).     Transcript written on tmp/tmplatex.log.


title: latex code for graphing rational function

text: I've seen in TikZ and pgf Manual for version 1.18 a code for graphing some functions but it does not provide an example for a rational function. Can someone help me graph `$x+\frac{1}{x}$`?


title: Suppressing the 'Appendices' page

text: My book has a single appendix chapter called 'Mathematical Appendix'. I'm using the appendix package. How do I get rid of the 'Appendices' page? Here's a MWE:               \documentclass[12pt,openany]{book}     \usepackage{appendix}     \renewcommand\appendixtocname{Mathematical Appendix}          \begin{document}      \frontmatter      \tableofcontents      \mainmatter          \chapter{The first chapter}     Bla bla          \appendix     \appendixpage     \addappheadtotoc     \chapter*{Mathematical Appendix}     \renewcommand\thesection{A.\arabic{section}}     Bla bla     \section{Functions}     Bla bla          \end{document}


title: Pretty-printing LaTeX syntax with lstlisting environment

text: I would like this:               \begin{lstlisting}       \mymacro[<optional argument>]{<mandatory argument>}     \end{lstlisting}      to generate output like this: ![Desired output](http://i.stack.imgur.com/q94N9.png) I've made a couple attempts at this, but haven't succeeded yet. ![Partial solutions](http://i.stack.imgur.com/xuK5z.png) Here's a complete test document that shows what I've tried so far:               \documentclass{article}          % Macros for the syntax environment     \newcommand*{\cs}[1]{{\ttfamily\char`\\#1}}     \newcommand*{\meta}[1]{{\ensuremath{\langle}\rmfamily\itshape#1\/\ensuremath{\rangle}}}     \newcommand*{\oarg}[1]{{\ttfamily[\meta{#1}]}}     \newcommand*{\marg}[1]{{\ttfamily\char`\{\meta{#1}\char`\}}}     \newenvironment{syntax}{\par\medskip\bgroup\obeyspaces\strut}{\egroup\medskip}          \usepackage{listings}          % Shortcut for verbatim code     \lstMakeShortInline[basicstyle=\ttfamily]|          % First attempt to pretty-print the syntax     \lstdefinestyle{first}{%       columns=fullflexible,       basicstyle=\ttfamily,       moredelim={[is][\meta]{<}{>}},     }          \lstdefinestyle{second}{%       columns=fullflexible,       basicstyle=\ttfamily,       literate=*{<}{{$\langle$\itshape}}{1}{>}{{\/$\rangle$}}{1},     }          \begin{document}          \parindent0pt          \section{The problem}          I would like this:          \begin{lstlisting}       \mymacro[<optional argument>]{<mandatory argument>}     \end{lstlisting}%          to generate output like this:          \begin{syntax}       \cs{mymacro}\oarg{optional argument}\marg{mandatory argument}     \end{syntax}          \section{Partial solutions}          The first attempt uses the |moredelim| key:          \begin{lstlisting}[style=first]       \mymacro[<optional argument>]{<mandatory argument>}     \end{lstlisting}          It looks like the |\meta| macro is applied to each ``word'' instead of the entire text delimited by |<| and |>|.          \medskip          The second attempt uses the \texttt{literate} key:     \begin{lstlisting}[style=second]       \mymacro[<optional argument>]{<mandatory argument>}     \end{lstlisting}          This successfully replaces the |<| and |>| characters, but doesn't apply the |\itshape| formatting.          Any suggestions? Thanks!          \end{document}


title: Page headers in uppercase (amsbook+chapterbib+natbib)

text: I have the following problem which has been driving me crazy for quite some time now. Using the `amsbook` class for whatever you are intending to use it for, in the end you will end up having your page headers in uppercase, e.g., PREFACE, ..., BIBLIOGRAPHY, ... Needless to say that the contents list simply plots Preface, ..., Bibliography; so far so good. Now, say we are to use `chapterbib`, in combination with its option `sectionbib`, to include bibliography sections in each of our chapters. Then, again, these will be printed in our contents list as Bibliography - not necessarily numbered, which is fair enough - belonging to our chapters. However, for some strange reason, the page headers belonging to the bibliography sections now show Bibliography rather than the uppercase BIBLIOGRAPHY which one might have expected. My question is: how do we get these in uppercase? Please note that this problem should be treated in the context of using `amsbook` class only. Further, simply putting `\markboth{\MakeUppercase{\bibname}}{\MakeUppercase{\bibname}}` in each chapter file to be included (following `\bibliography`) does not help really - it changes the page header only for the last page of the bibliography section. For example,               \documentclass[a4paper,12pt,oneside]{amsbook}          \usepackage[sectionbib]{chapterbib}     \usepackage[sort&compress]{natbib}          \renewcommand{\bibname}{References}          \begin{document}          \frontmatter     \title{An Example}          \maketitle          \tableofcontents          \include{preface}          \end{document}      where               % This is preface.tex     \chapter*{Preface}          \markboth{PREFACE}{PREFACE}          Test \cite{Kalman1960}. Test \cite{KalmanBucy1961}. Test \cite{LukesRussell1969}.     Test \cite{Komornik1994}. Test \cite{Lions1988a}. Test \cite{Gearhart1978}.     Test \cite{Huang1985}. Test \cite{Pruss1984}. Test \cite{HutsonPym1980}.     Test \cite{Kreyszig1978}. Test \cite{ReedSimon1972}. Test \cite{TaylorLay1980}.     Test \cite{Evans1998}. Test \cite{Gustafson1980}. Test \cite{RenardyRogers2004}.     Test \cite{Balakrishnan1974}.     Test \cite{Kalman1960}. Test \cite{KalmanBucy1961}. Test \cite{LukesRussell1969}.     Test \cite{Komornik1994}. Test \cite{Lions1988a}. Test \cite{Gearhart1978}.     Test \cite{Huang1985}. Test \cite{Pruss1984}. Test \cite{HutsonPym1980}.     Test \cite{Kreyszig1978}. Test \cite{ReedSimon1972}. Test \cite{TaylorLay1980}.     Test \cite{Evans1998}. Test \cite{Gustafson1980}. Test \cite{RenardyRogers2004}.     Test \cite{Balakrishnan1974}.     Test \cite{Kalman1960}. Test \cite{KalmanBucy1961}. Test \cite{LukesRussell1969}.     Test \cite{Komornik1994}. Test \cite{Lions1988a}. Test \cite{Gearhart1978}.     Test \cite{Huang1985}. Test \cite{Pruss1984}. Test \cite{HutsonPym1980}.     Test \cite{Kreyszig1978}. Test \cite{ReedSimon1972}. Test \cite{TaylorLay1980}.     Test \cite{Evans1998}. Test \cite{Gustafson1980}. Test \cite{RenardyRogers2004}.     Test \cite{Balakrishnan1974}.     Test \cite{Kalman1960}. Test \cite{KalmanBucy1961}. Test \cite{LukesRussell1969}.     Test \cite{Komornik1994}. Test \cite{Lions1988a}. Test \cite{Gearhart1978}.     Test \cite{Huang1985}. Test \cite{Pruss1984}. Test \cite{HutsonPym1980}.     Test \cite{Kreyszig1978}. Test \cite{ReedSimon1972}. Test \cite{TaylorLay1980}.     Test \cite{Evans1998}. Test \cite{Gustafson1980}. Test \cite{RenardyRogers2004}.     Test \cite{Balakrishnan1974}.     Test \cite{Kalman1960}. Test \cite{KalmanBucy1961}. Test \cite{LukesRussell1969}.     Test \cite{Komornik1994}. Test \cite{Lions1988a}. Test \cite{Gearhart1978}.     Test \cite{Huang1985}. Test \cite{Pruss1984}. Test \cite{HutsonPym1980}.     Test \cite{Kreyszig1978}. Test \cite{ReedSimon1972}. Test \cite{TaylorLay1980}.     Test \cite{Evans1998}. Test \cite{Gustafson1980}. Test \cite{RenardyRogers2004}.     Test \cite{Balakrishnan1974}.     Test \cite{Kalman1960}. Test \cite{KalmanBucy1961}. Test \cite{LukesRussell1969}.     Test \cite{Komornik1994}. Test \cite{Lions1988a}. Test \cite{Gearhart1978}.     Test \cite{Huang1985}. Test \cite{Pruss1984}. Test \cite{HutsonPym1980}.     Test \cite{Kreyszig1978}. Test \cite{ReedSimon1972}. Test \cite{TaylorLay1980}.     Test \cite{Evans1998}. Test \cite{Gustafson1980}. Test \cite{RenardyRogers2004}.     Test \cite{Balakrishnan1974}.     Test \cite{Kalman1960}. Test \cite{KalmanBucy1961}. Test \cite{LukesRussell1969}.     Test \cite{Komornik1994}. Test \cite{Lions1988a}. Test \cite{Gearhart1978}.     Test \cite{Huang1985}. Test \cite{Pruss1984}. Test \cite{HutsonPym1980}.     Test \cite{Kreyszig1978}. Test \cite{ReedSimon1972}. Test \cite{TaylorLay1980}.     Test \cite{Evans1998}. Test \cite{Gustafson1980}. Test \cite{RenardyRogers2004}.     Test \cite{Balakrishnan1974}.     Test \cite{Kalman1960}. Test \cite{KalmanBucy1961}. Test \cite{LukesRussell1969}.     Test \cite{Komornik1994}. Test \cite{Lions1988a}. Test \cite{Gearhart1978}.     Test \cite{Huang1985}. Test \cite{Pruss1984}. Test \cite{HutsonPym1980}.     Test \cite{Kreyszig1978}. Test \cite{ReedSimon1972}. Test \cite{TaylorLay1980}.     Test \cite{Evans1998}. Test \cite{Gustafson1980}. Test \cite{RenardyRogers2004}.     Test \cite{Balakrishnan1974}.     Test \cite{Kalman1960}. Test \cite{KalmanBucy1961}. Test \cite{LukesRussell1969}.     Test \cite{Komornik1994}. Test \cite{Lions1988a}. Test \cite{Gearhart1978}.     Test \cite{Huang1985}. Test \cite{Pruss1984}. Test \cite{HutsonPym1980}.     Test \cite{Kreyszig1978}. Test \cite{ReedSimon1972}. Test \cite{TaylorLay1980}.     Test \cite{Evans1998}. Test \cite{Gustafson1980}. Test \cite{RenardyRogers2004}.     Test \cite{Balakrishnan1974}.     Test \cite{Kalman1960}. Test \cite{KalmanBucy1961}. Test \cite{LukesRussell1969}.     Test \cite{Komornik1994}. Test \cite{Lions1988a}. Test \cite{Gearhart1978}.     Test \cite{Huang1985}. Test \cite{Pruss1984}. Test \cite{HutsonPym1980}.     Test \cite{Kreyszig1978}. Test \cite{ReedSimon1972}. Test \cite{TaylorLay1980}.     Test \cite{Evans1998}. Test \cite{Gustafson1980}. Test \cite{RenardyRogers2004}.     Test \cite{Balakrishnan1974}.     Test \cite{Kalman1960}. Test \cite{KalmanBucy1961}. Test \cite{LukesRussell1969}.     Test \cite{Komornik1994}. Test \cite{Lions1988a}. Test \cite{Gearhart1978}.     Test \cite{Huang1985}. Test \cite{Pruss1984}. Test \cite{HutsonPym1980}.     Test \cite{Kreyszig1978}. Test \cite{ReedSimon1972}. Test \cite{TaylorLay1980}.     Test \cite{Evans1998}. Test \cite{Gustafson1980}. Test \cite{RenardyRogers2004}.     Test \cite{Balakrishnan1974}.          \bibliographystyle{alpha}     \bibliography{D:/BibLioTest}     \markboth{\MakeUppercase{\bibname}}{\MakeUppercase{\bibname}}      and               % This is BibLioTest.bib     @article {Kalman1960,         AUTHOR = {Kalman, R. E.},          TITLE = {Contributions to the theory of optimal control},        JOURNAL = {Bolet{\'i}n de la Sociedad Matem{\'a}tica Mexicana},         VOLUME = {5},           YEAR = {1960},         NUMBER = {1},          PAGES = {102--119},     }          @article {KalmanBucy1961,         AUTHOR = {Kalman, R. E. and Bucy, R. S.},          TITLE = {New results in linear filtering and prediction theory},        JOURNAL = {Transactions of the ASME. Series D: Journal of Basic Engineering},         VOLUME = {83},           YEAR = {1961},         NUMBER = {1},          PAGES = {95--108},     }          @article {LukesRussell1969,         AUTHOR = {Lukes, D. L. and Russell, D. L.},          TITLE = {The quadratic criterion for distributed systems},        JOURNAL = {SIAM Journal on Control},         VOLUME = {7},           YEAR = {1969},         NUMBER = {1},          PAGES = {101--121},     }          @book {Komornik1994,         AUTHOR = {Komornik, V.},          TITLE = {Exact {C}ontrollability and {S}tabilization: The {M}ultiplier {M}ethod},         SERIES = {Research in Applied Mathematics (RAM)},      PUBLISHER = {John Wiley \& Sons},        ADDRESS = {Chichester, West Sussex, UK},           YEAR = {1994},     }          @book {Lions1988a,         AUTHOR = {Lions, J.-L.},          TITLE = {Contr\^olabilit\'e Exacte, Perturbations et Stabilisation de Syst\`emes Distribu\'es. {T}ome 1: Contr\^olabilit\'e Exacte},           NOTE = {(In French)},         SERIES = {Recherches en Math\'ematiques Appliqu\'ees (RMA)},         VOLUME = {8},      PUBLISHER = {Masson},        ADDRESS = {Paris, France},           YEAR = {1988},     }          @article {Gearhart1978,         AUTHOR = {Gearhart, L.},          TITLE = {Spectral theory for contraction semigroups on {H}ilbert space},        JOURNAL = {Transactions of the American Mathematical Society},         VOLUME = {236},           YEAR = {1978},          PAGES = {385--394},     }          @article {Huang1985,         AUTHOR = {Huang, F. L.},          TITLE = {Characteristic conditions for exponential stability of linear dynamical systems in {H}ilbert spaces},        JOURNAL = {Annals of Differential Equations},         VOLUME = {1},           YEAR = {1985},         NUMBER = {1},          PAGES = {43--56},     }          @article {Pruss1984,         AUTHOR = {Pr{\"u}ss, J.},          TITLE = {On the spectrum of {$C_0$}-semigroups},        JOURNAL = {Transactions of the American Mathematical Society},         VOLUME = {284},           YEAR = {1984},         NUMBER = {2},          PAGES = {847--857},     }          @book {HutsonPym1980,         AUTHOR = {Hutson, V. and Pym, J. S.},          TITLE = {Applications of {F}unctional {A}nalysis and {O}perator {T}heory},         SERIES = {Mathematics in Science and Engineering},         VOLUME = {146},      PUBLISHER = {Academic Press},        ADDRESS = {New York, NY, USA},           YEAR = {1980},     }          @book {Kreyszig1978,         AUTHOR = {Kreyszig, E.},          TITLE = {Introductory {F}unctional {A}nalysis with {A}pplications},      PUBLISHER = {John Wiley \& Sons},        ADDRESS = {New York, NY, USA},           YEAR = {1978},     }          @book {ReedSimon1972,         AUTHOR = {Reed, M. and Simon, B.},          TITLE = {Methods of {M}odern {M}athematical {P}hysics.\ {I}: {F}unctional {A}nalysis},      PUBLISHER = {Academic Press},        ADDRESS = {New York, NY, USA},           YEAR = {1972},     }          @book {TaylorLay1980,         AUTHOR = {Taylor, A. E. and Lay, D. C.},          TITLE = {Introduction to {F}unctional {A}nalysis},      PUBLISHER = {John Wiley \& Sons},        ADDRESS = {New York, NY, USA},           YEAR = {1980},     }          @book {Evans1998,         AUTHOR = {Evans, L. C.},          TITLE = {Partial {D}ifferential {E}quations},         SERIES = {Graduate Studies in Mathematics},         VOLUME = {19},      PUBLISHER = {American Mathematical Society (AMS)},        ADDRESS = {Providence, RI, USA},           YEAR = {1998},     }          @book {Gustafson1980,         AUTHOR = {Gustafson, K. E.},          TITLE = {Introduction to {P}artial {D}ifferential {E}quations and {H}ilbert {S}pace {M}ethods},      PUBLISHER = {John Wiley \& Sons},        ADDRESS = {New York, NY, USA},           YEAR = {1980},     }          @book {RenardyRogers2004,         AUTHOR = {Renardy, M. and Rogers, R. C.},          TITLE = {An {I}ntroduction to {P}artial {D}ifferential {E}quations},         SERIES = {Texts in Applied Mathematics},         VOLUME = {13},      PUBLISHER = {Springer-Verlag},        ADDRESS = {New York, NY, USA},           YEAR = {2004},     }          @article {Balakrishnan1974,         AUTHOR = {Balakrishnan, A. V.},          TITLE = {Stochastic optimization theory in {H}ilbert spaces -- I},        JOURNAL = {Applied Mathematics \& Optimization},         VOLUME = {1},           YEAR = {1974},         NUMBER = {2},          PAGES = {97--120},     }


title: Beamer headline navigation

text: I have a question about a beamer headline. I'm not sure whether what I'm trying to do will make any sense to you but I'm going to ask it anyway. What I want is some sort of a section navigation with dots as using with `\insertnavigation` but in the following way: e.g. > Introduction ooooo   >  Background ooo Well it is possible to put the sections in such a way using `\insertsectionnavigation` but I cannot put the dots where I want them. With `\insertnavigation` I can do the following > Introduction Background Theory Conclusion > > oooooo ooooo ooooo Is it possible to do what I want to do or do I need to create my own theme and so forth. Thanks guys in advance.


title: Is there a way to set a *global* key value using `pgfkeys`?

text: The simple answer to this question appears to be "No"; quoting from the pgf manual: > The setting of a key is always local to the current TeX group. However, this is very annoying because it means that you can't do something like:               \foreach \mykey/\myvalue in {       long/list,       of/keys%     } {       \pgfkeyssetvalue{\mykey}{\myvalue}     }      So my next best shot is:               \makeatletter     \pgfkeys{/applicant/.code 2 args={\expandafter\global\expandafter\def\csname applicant@#1\expandafter\endcsname\expandafter{#2}}}     \foreach \mykey/\myvalue in {       long/list,       of/keys%     } {       \pgfkeys{/applicant={\mykey}{\myvalue}}     }     \makeatletter      but that's not very transparent since to get at the "value", I have to use the macro `\csname applicant@whatever the key name was\endcsname`. (Also, I'm not very _au fait_ with `pgfkeys`, this being my first foray, so I should probably have used something like `/.expand once` or `/.store in`, but that's by the by.) Is there a better way to circumvent this restriction? I'd be happy with a new macro for _defining_ the key, so `\pgfglobalkeys` would be okay (though in the spirit of `\pgfkeys` it feels more like it ought to be `\pgfkeys{key name/.global=...}` but let's not quibble), but when _using_ the key's value then it ought be be accessible via the traditional means, say `pgfkeysgetvalue`.


title: Should I place \noindent after enumerations, itemization, and descriptions?

text: I wonder if I should put the `\noindent` command immediately after enumerations, itemization, and especially after descriptions. For instance:               \begin{itemize}       \item One morning, when Gregor Samsa woke from troubled dreams...     \end{itemize}          \noindent He lay on his armour-like back...      I saw that formatting style in a paper long ago, and ever since I've been using that style. However, now I wonder whether it is really such a good idea.


title: Use result from pgfmath with xifthen

text: I try to use the results of `pgfmath` calculations with `cnttest` from `xifthen`, but it fails:               \documentclass{article}     \usepackage{pgf,xifthen}          \begin{document}       \pgfmathparse{42+77}%       \def\val{\pgfmathprintnumber{\pgfmathresult}}       \ifthenelse{\cnttest{\val}{>=}{50}}{%         Large       }{%         Small       }%     \end{document}      `pdflatex` (TexLive 2012) produces in the log:               ./test.tex:7: Missing number, treated as zero.     <to be read again>                         \protect      l.7   \ifthenelse{\cnttest{\val}{>=}{50}}                                              {%      And in the document (yes, the message leaves the page): ![enter image description here](http://i.stack.imgur.com/upPuQ.png) I suspect it's an expansion problem -- something I seem to be unable to wrap my head around. I know that using `\pgfmathprintnumber{\pgfmathresult}` directly (instead of `val` does not help. Can I fix this somehow?


title: Tikz externalize + macro's ? Or how would you do it?

text: I'm currently building courses for some of my college teachers. The aim is to make their Word/MS paint generated study material into high grade Latex/Tikz material. I'm aiming for high consistency in figures (expecially plots) and I've therefore written a bunch of macro's that generate tikz pictures for me from data I get form `Matlab` using the `matlab2tikz.m` code (which was written at my college!). What I've done is write a bunch of " _set_ " macro's that set a current variable to be something e.g. `\figxlabel{$x$-axis}` (see my code below) would set another macro `\thefigxlabel`to contain `$x$-axis`. All of this info is then used in the next `\matlabfig{data.tikz}`, after which it is reset to neutral values. Since everything is in macro's I don't need to remember what the special settings for a plot were, and even better I can change the `\matlabfig` macro to change all pictures at once! But, then I discovered the Tikz `externalize` library which, since my documents are getting large (I split them up but still...), would come in very handy. Yet, this library doesn't support macro usage in tikzpictures.. What would you do to combine the best of two worlds? I was thinking to use the macro's to set global tikz properties that apply to all figures (I don't know if i can do `\tikzset{every xlabel={$x$-axis}}`) and then change this between pictures, so it would only apply to the next one. This way there wouldn't be any macro's inside the tikz environment. I'd have to use a non-macro `\begin` and `\end` structure then I'm guessing. All my written macro's are given in the next piece of code (these should work):               \def\figurewidth{7.5cm}     \def\figureheight{4cm}          \newcommand{\thefigtitle}[0]{\null}%title     \newcommand{\thefigtith}[0]{0cm}     \newcommand{\figtitle}[1]{%         \renewcommand{\thefigtitle}{#1}%         \renewcommand{\thefigtith}{0.35cm}%     }          \def\figysep{1}          \newcommand{\thefigxlabel}[0]{\null}%xlabel     \newcommand{\thefigxh}[0]{0}          \newcommand{\figxlabel}[1]{%         \renewcommand{\thefigxlabel}{#1}%         \renewcommand{\thefigxh}{-0.35}%     }          \newcommand{\thefigylabel}{}%ylabel     \newcommand{\figylabel}[1]{\renewcommand{\thefigylabel}{#1}}          \newcommand{\thefiglabel}{ }%label     \newcommand{\figlabel}[1]{%         \renewcommand{\thefiglabel}{\label{#1}}%     }            \newcommand{\thefigxrange}[0]{ }%x-range     \newcommand{\figxrange}[2]{         \renewcommand{\thefigxrange}{xmin=#1,xmax=#2,}     }                 \newcommand{\thefigyrange}[0]{ }%y-range     \newcommand{\figyrange}[2]{%         \renewcommand{\thefigyrange}{ymin=#1,ymax=#2,}     }            \newcommand{\thefiglegend}{ }%legend     \newcommand{\figlegend}[2]{%         \renewcommand{\thefiglegend}{legend entries={#1},legend pos={#2}}%     }          \newcommand{\thefigcaption}{\caption{}}%caption     \newcommand{\figcaption}[1]{\renewcommand{\thefigcaption}[0]{\caption{#1}}}          \newcommand{\thefigextra}{ }%extra options     \newcommand{\figextra}[1]{\renewcommand{\thefigextra}[0]{#1}}          \newcommand{\thefigpos}{htp}     \newcommand{\figpos}[1]{\renewcommand{\thefigpos}[0]{#1}}          \newcommand{\matlabfig}[1]{%figuur zelf         \begin{figure}[\thefigpos]             \centering             \begin{tikzpicture}[]                 \draw[use as bounding box,draw=none](0,0+\thefigxh)rectangle(\figurewidth,\figureheight+\thefigtith);                            \begin{axis}[%                 view={0}{90},                 scale only axis,                 width=\figurewidth,                 height=\figureheight,                 y tick label style={font={\tiny}},                  x tick label style={font={\tiny}},                  title={\textbf{\textsc{\thefigtitle}}},                 xlabel={\textbf{\thefigxlabel}},                 ylabel={\textbf{\thefigylabel}},                 \thefigxrange                 \thefigyrange                 axis on top,\thefiglegend,                 \thefigextra,                 minor tick num=1                 ]                     \input{#1}                 \end{axis}             \end{tikzpicture}         \thefigcaption\thefiglabel     \end{figure}     %alles resetten      \figreset}               \newcommand{\figreset}[0]{     \renewcommand{\thefigtitle}{ }%     \renewcommand{\thefigxlabel}{ }%      \renewcommand{\thefigxh}{0}%     \renewcommand{\thefigtith}{0cm}%      \renewcommand{\thefigylabel}{}%      \renewcommand{\thefigcaption}{\caption{}}%     \renewcommand{\thefiglabel}{}%     \renewcommand{\thefiglegend}{}%     \renewcommand{\thefigxrange}{}%     \renewcommand{\thefigyrange}{}%     \renewcommand{\thefigextra}{ }%     \renewcommand{\thefigpos}{htp}%     }      **EDIT: added a working minimal example** contents of `example.tex`:               \documentclass{article}          \usepackage{tikz}     \usepackage{pgfplots}          \def\figurewidth{7.5cm}     \def\figureheight{4cm}          \newcommand{\thefigtitle}[0]{\null}%title     \newcommand{\thefigtith}[0]{0cm}     \newcommand{\figtitle}[1]{%         \renewcommand{\thefigtitle}{#1}%         \renewcommand{\thefigtith}{0.45cm}%     }          \def\figysep{1}          \newcommand{\thefigxlabel}[0]{\null}%xlabel     \newcommand{\thefigxh}[0]{0}          \newcommand{\figxlabel}[1]{%         \renewcommand{\thefigxlabel}{#1}%         \renewcommand{\thefigxh}{-0.35}%     }          \newcommand{\thefigylabel}{}%ylabel     \newcommand{\figylabel}[1]{\renewcommand{\thefigylabel}{#1}}          \newcommand{\thefiglabel}{ }%label     \newcommand{\figlabel}[1]{%         \renewcommand{\thefiglabel}{\label{#1}}%     }            \newcommand{\thefigxrange}[0]{ }%x-range     \newcommand{\figxrange}[2]{         \renewcommand{\thefigxrange}{xmin=#1,xmax=#2,}     }                 \newcommand{\thefigyrange}[0]{ }%y-range     \newcommand{\figyrange}[2]{%         \renewcommand{\thefigyrange}{ymin=#1,ymax=#2,}     }            \newcommand{\thefiglegend}{ }%legend     \newcommand{\figlegend}[2]{%         \renewcommand{\thefiglegend}{legend entries={#1},legend pos={#2}}%     }          \newcommand{\thefigcaption}{\caption{}}%caption     \newcommand{\figcaption}[1]{\renewcommand{\thefigcaption}[0]{\caption{#1}}}          \newcommand{\thefigextra}{ }%extra options     \newcommand{\figextra}[1]{\renewcommand{\thefigextra}[0]{#1}}          \newcommand{\thefigpos}{htp}     \newcommand{\figpos}[1]{\renewcommand{\thefigpos}[0]{#1}}          \newcommand{\matlabfig}[1]{%figuur zelf         \begin{figure}[\thefigpos]             \centering             \begin{tikzpicture}[]                 \draw[use as bounding box,draw=none](0,0+\thefigxh)rectangle(\figurewidth,\figureheight+\thefigtith);                             \begin{axis}[%                 view={0}{90},                 scale only axis,                 width=\figurewidth,                 height=\figureheight,                 y tick label style={font={\tiny}},                  x tick label style={font={\tiny}},                  title={\textbf{\textsc{\thefigtitle}}},                 xlabel={\textbf{\thefigxlabel}},                 ylabel={\textbf{\thefigylabel}},                 \thefigxrange                 \thefigyrange                 axis on top,\thefiglegend,                 \thefigextra,                 minor tick num=1                 ]                     \input{#1}                 \end{axis}             \end{tikzpicture}         \thefigcaption\thefiglabel     \end{figure}     %alles resetten      \figreset}               \newcommand{\figreset}[0]{     \renewcommand{\thefigtitle}{ }%     \renewcommand{\thefigxlabel}{ }%      \renewcommand{\thefigxh}{0}%     \renewcommand{\thefigtith}{0cm}%      \renewcommand{\thefigylabel}{}%      \renewcommand{\thefigcaption}{\caption{}}%     \renewcommand{\thefiglabel}{}%     \renewcommand{\thefiglegend}{}%     \renewcommand{\thefigxrange}{}%     \renewcommand{\thefigyrange}{}%     \renewcommand{\thefigextra}{ }%     \renewcommand{\thefigpos}{htp}%     }               \pgfplotsset{         every tick/.style={thin,color=black},         every axis legend/.append style={nodes={right}},         every axis legend/.append style={font=\tiny},         compat=newest     }          \tikzstyle{every node}=[font=\scriptsize]          \begin{document}           %%     \figcaption{an example fig}     \figlabel{fig:example}     \figtitle{example}     \figxlabel{$x$ axis}     \figylabel{$y$ axis}     \figlegend{data.tikz}{north west}     \figxrange{0}{6}     \figyrange{0}{5}     \figextra{}     \matlabfig{data.tikz}     %%          %another fig, but as you can see all was resetted     \matlabfig{data.tikz}                \end{document}      contents of `data.tikz`:               \addplot [     color=black,     solid     ]     coordinates{(0,0) (3,3) (4,5) (5,4)};      * * * ## How to to it with environments? The following example contains the most basic `newenvironment` to create a `tikzpicture`. What I'm actually going for has a bit more options, but the problem remains the same. Here's a small piece of sample code:               \documentclass[a4paper]{article}          \usepackage{tikz}     \usetikzlibrary{external}          \newenvironment{mytikz}{%     \begin{figure}[htp]     \centering     \begin{tikzpicture}}     {\end{tikzpicture}     \caption{}     \end{figure}}          \tikzexternalize          \begin{document}          \begin{mytikz}         \draw(0,0) circle (1cm);     \end{mytikz}          \end{document}


title: Undesired quotes around values in table (pgfplot)

text: I am saving tables using write.table in R using the following code:               x <- rnorm(100)     y <- rnorm(100)     z <- rnorm(100)     model <- z ~ x + y     results <- glm(model)     pe <- results$coefficients     vc <- vcov(results)     se <- sqrt(diag(vc))     results.table <- cbind(pe, se)     rownames(results.table) <- c("Intercept", "X-Estimate", "Y-Estimate")     write.table(results.table,file="test.csv",row.names=T,col.names=NA,sep=",")      When I then try to read in the table using pgfplot, there are quotes around all non-numeric values:               % Set up     \documentclass{article}     \usepackage{pgfplotstable,filecontents,booktabs}     \pgfplotstableread[col sep=comma]{test.csv}\tablea          %Start the document     \begin{document}     % Table a          \pgfplotstabletypeset[     string type,     columns/pe/.style={column name=PE, column type = {r}},     columns/se/.style={column name=SE, column type = {r}},     every head row/.style={column type={|l}, before row={\toprule},after row=\midrule},     every last row/.style={after row={\toprule}},     ]\tablea          \end{document}      I (obviously) don't want double quotes around all of my string (column and row titles). I also am unable to adjust the styles of the columns using the above code, perhaps because of the absent first column title (which I want to leave blank). Help on either of these issues would be appreciated, this is a full working example. Thanks,


title: Tikz trees - line feature

text: In my MWE :   * why `line width=0pt` doesn't work ?   * why the dashed argument on a level leeks on the next ? ![enter image description here](http://i.stack.imgur.com/Ppcbc.png)               \documentclass[tikz]{standalone}     \usetikzlibrary{trees}          \begin{document}          \begin{tikzpicture}[level distance=5mm,         level 1/.style={sibling distance=32mm,line width=0pt},         level 2/.style={sibling distance=16mm,dashed},         level 3/.style={sibling distance=8mm,level distance=12mm},         %level 4/.style={sibling distance=7mm},         %every fit/.style={rectangle,draw,inner sep=3.5pt},         grow=right]          \scriptsize     \node {$\bullet$}     child {node {P}             child {node{PP}                 child {node{PPP}}                 child {node{PPF}}             }             child {node{PF}                 child {node{PFP}}                 child {node{PFF}}             }         }     child {node {F}             child {node{FP}                 child {node{FPP}}                 child {node{FPF}}             }             child {node{FF}                 child {node{FFP}}                 child {node{FFF}}             }         } ;     \end{tikzpicture}          \end{document}


title: Chapter Title adjusting with koma-script

text: The following minimal working example is not giving me the desired results. I would like to keep the chapter titles layout, but without using the `titlesec` package. The `titlesec` package is interfering with the option `headings=optiontotoc`. This becomes visible in the table of contents by showing empty entries instead of leaving them away. Unfortunately my koma-script skills are strongly limited. Does anybody have an idea how to create the desired chapter titles layout with code only? I also tried the `loadonly` option provided by the titlesec package, which is producing errors. Here is the minimal working example:               \documentclass[11pt,numbers=noenddot,headings=optiontotoc]{scrreprt}     \usepackage[T1]{fontenc}     \usepackage[ngerman]{babel}          \renewcommand{\sffamily}{\rmfamily}          \usepackage{titlesec}     \titleformat{\chapter}[display]{\usekomafont{chapter}\bfseries\raggedleft}{\vspace{-3em} \textsc{Kapitel} \thechapter \vspace{1.5em}}{.5 em}{\vspace{-1em} \titlerule  \vspace{.5em}}[\vspace{.5em} \titlerule]          \begin{document}     \tableofcontents          \chapter{Chapter}          \section{Section}       Hier folgt dann der Text          \subsection{Subsection}       Hier folgt dann der Text          \subsection{Subsection 2}       Hier folgt dann der Text          \chapter[]{Nullchapter}     Und hier folgt dann der Text          \section[]{Nullsection}      Und hier folgt dann der Text          \subsection[]{Nullsubsection}      Und hier folgt dann der Text          \end{document}      Desired Chapter Title Layout: ![chapter title](http://i.stack.imgur.com/1ReVQ.jpg) Empty Entries in TOC because of the titlesec package: ![toc](http://i.stack.imgur.com/ZYubC.jpg)


title: Hiding some items in student's handout using beamer

text: I am creating a presentation and along with the presentation (that I am going to show in the class), I am trying to make a student handout. So far, everything is fine. The part I am struggling with is that I would like to hide some parts of the presentation in the handout. Then students are supposed to write down these parts in their handouts during the presentation. One way I can do this (suggested by a friend!) is by changing the color of the "to be hidden" part. Is there any other more systematic way of doing it? * * * On a simple example it works. But in my document I got into trouble. The only difference between my code and yours is in Preamble. I use               \documentclass [11 pt, xcolor=pdftex,x11names,table]{beamer}          \documentclass[11 pt, handout,xcolor=pdftex,x11names,table]{beamer}     \usepackage{pgfpages}     \pgfpagesuselayout{2 on 1}[a4paper,border shrink=5mm]     \pgfpageslogicalpageoptions{1}{border code=\pgfusepath{stroke}}     \pgfpageslogicalpageoptions{2}{border code=\pgfusepath{stroke}}      In my code and for `handout`, I comment the first line and specifically `\item<beamer>` doesn't work at all. I am using a lot of different packages. I was wondering if any package possibly can create problem. By the way `\only<beamer> { ... }` works fine and I only have trouble with `\item<beamer>` UPDATE: I found the problem! It had problem with `\setbeamercovered{transparent=50}` after making this line a comment, it worked well


title: Vertical line enclosing items in itemize

text: I want to LaTeX some notes. The result should look like this: ![enter image description here](http://i.stack.imgur.com/W3EHD.jpg) The numbers are fine with me. The problem is how to draw those vertical lines (with the hook), particularly inside the `itemize` environment. The result should be a new environment which automatically draws these vertical lines (with the right colours and the hooks). Note that there shouldn't be a line if the input is only one line long (or maybe a very short line with a hook).


title: Shrinking text to the width of a node within a tikzpicture

text: I would like to be able to scale text to the width of a TikZ node. Using \widthof within tikzpicture as a starting point, I've arrived at somewhat of a solution, except it has incorrect spacing, and can probably be done more elegantly.               \documentclass{article}     \usepackage{tikz}     \usepackage{calc}     \usepackage{xstring}     \usepackage{ifthen}          \newlength{\scaleratio}          \makeatletter     \newcommand{\settowidthofnode}[2] {%       \pgfextractx{#1}{\pgfpointanchor{#2}{east}}%       \pgfextractx{\pgf@xa}{\pgfpointanchor{#2}{west}}%       \addtolength{#1}{-\pgf@xa}%     }%     \makeatother          \makeatletter     \newcommand{\shrinktowidthofnode}[2] {%       \settowidthofnode{\pgf@xb}{#2}%       \setlength{\scaleratio} {%         {1.0pt * \ratio{\pgf@xb}{\widthof{#1}}}%       }%       \ifthenelse{\lengthtest{\scaleratio < 1.0pt}} {%         \setlength{\scaleratio}{\scaleratio}%         \tokenize{\tokenized}{\the\scaleratio}%         \StrBefore{\tokenized}{pt}[\result]%         \scalebox{\result}{#1}%       } {%         #1%       }%     }%     \makeatother          \begin{document}          \begin{tikzpicture}[every node/.style={draw,rectangle}]       \draw[step=0.5cm,gray,very thin] (-3,-3) grid (3,3);       \node (n) {blah};       \node (m) [below of=n] {\shrinktowidthofnode{AAAAAAAA}{n}};       \node (o) [below of=m] {\scalebox{0.43259}{AAAAAAAA}};     \end{tikzpicture}          \end{document}      The output looks like this: ![Result](http://i.stack.imgur.com/G5HTC.png) It's hard to see, but if you zoom in, the middle node's bounding box is larger than it should be, and there's some extra space on its left (there was more extra space earlier, but for some reason adding `%` to the end of each line in the `\newcommand`s helped). The bottom node is the ground truth. Any ideas?


title: Kile: show me script example

text: Can someone please show me an example script in Kile? I want a example. . . . . ![enter image description here](http://i.stack.imgur.com/6Ckkh.png)


title: Implication symbol

text: I'm looking for a good implication symbol. I understood I was supposed to use `\to`, but it's longer than `\land` and `\lor` and it kinda bugs me. Is it possible to type an arrow of the exact same length?


title: how to change font and font size when using \ref

text: In this topic list the cases in text, I got a way to list cases by using               \begin{enumerate}         [label=\textbf{Case~\arabic*.},              labelwidth=\dimexpr-\mylen-\labelsep\relax,leftmargin=0pt,align=right]      here `label=\textbf{Case~\arabic*.}` makes the label of the cases being of bold font. But later, I would like to cross-reference to the cases, but with a normal font (not bold). Is there an easy way to assign the font and font size when using `\ref`? By "easy way", I mean : not using `\renewcommand` or more complicated ways. Of course, if there is no easy way, any method is appreciated.