title: Three-way optional argument in xparse

text: I am trying to programme a command in x parse that has one optional argument, but which can behave in three ways in the following situations: a) no argument specified, b) optional argument specifies a specific value (p), c) optional argument specifies a different value (q). The commands would look as follows: > \command > > \command[p] > > \command[q] and would give the result > command > > command preface > > command q I have tried to use the star and token arguments instead of the standard optional argument but the documentation is very sparse for the package and I cannot work out, even from looking at examples on this site, how I might achieve the above. My attempt was as follows:               \documentclass{article}     \usepackage{xparse}          \NewDocumentCommand \command { tp } {%         \IfNoValueTF{#1}{%         command}%         {{\IfBooleanTF{#1}%         {command preface}%         {command #1}%         }}}          \begin{document}          \command     \command[p]     \command[10]          \end{document}


title: Combining beamer, tikz, externalize and standalone

text: I've read a bunch of questions and answers on these topics as well as the documentation of the `external` library for `tikz`. I suspect I fundamentally misunderstand what I'm doing. I have a mindmap which I'm including in a `beamer` presentation. It takes forever to compile so I would like to externalise it using the `external` library. I am also using overlay specifications to gradually make parts of the map visible. The mindmap is prepared in a separate file which I `\input` with the facilities of `standalone`. Without externalisation, my code produces the slides OK. With externalisation, it fails. This is a Minimal Non-Working Example using `beamer`, `external` and `standalone`. The beamer presentation is in `prawf3.tex`:               \documentclass{beamer}     \usepackage{standalone}     \usepackage{tikz}     \usetikzlibrary{external}     \tikzexternalize     \makeatletter         \tikzset{% http://tex.stackexchange.com/a/79572/39222           beamer externalising/.style={%             execute at end picture={%               \tikzifexternalizing{%                 \ifbeamer@anotherslide                 \pgfexternalstorecommand{\string\global\string\beamer@anotherslidetrue}%                 \fi               }{}%             }%           },           external/optimize=false         }     \makeatother          \begin{document}          \begin{frame}{A frame}         \input{prawf3-pic}     \end{frame}          \end{document}      `prawf3-pic.tex` is as follows:               \documentclass[11pt,tikz]{standalone}          \begin{document}          \begin{frame}{A frame}         \begin{tikzpicture}[beamer externalising]             \node (a) {A};             \only<2->             \node (b) at (0,1) {B};         \end{tikzpicture}     \end{frame}          \end{document}      [Obviously, `prawf3-pic.tex` will not compile on its own as it stands because `beamer externalising` is not defined in that case. This isn't the problem.] The code for the `beamer externalising` style is from Andrew Stacey's answer to a somewhat similar question which lacked the `standalone` element. When I try to compile `prawf3.tex` using `pdflatex -shell-escape`, the compilation fails with               ! Package tikz Error: Sorry, the system call 'pdflatex -shell-escape -halt-on-e     rror -interaction=batchmode -jobname "prawf3-figure0" "\def\tikzexternalrealjob     {prawf3}\input{prawf3}"' did NOT result in a usable output file 'prawf3-figure0     ' (expected one of .pdf:.jpg:.jpeg:.png:). Please verify that you have enabled      system calls. For pdflatex, this is 'pdflatex -shell-escape'. Sometimes it is a     lso named 'write 18' or something like that. Or maybe the command simply failed     ? Error messages can be found in 'prawf3-figure0.log'. If you continue now, I'l     l try to typeset the picture.      but obviously shell escape _is_ enabled as the error itself makes clear. `prawf3-figure0.log` includes this just before it gives up with a `Fatal error` message:               LaTeX Info: Redefining \includegraphics on input line 21.     No file prawf3-figure0.nav.     (./prawf3-pic.tex     \openout5 = `prawf3-figure0.dpth'.          Missing character: There is no ( in font nullfont!     Missing character: There is no b in font nullfont!     Missing character: There is no ) in font nullfont!     Missing character: There is no a in font nullfont!     Missing character: There is no t in font nullfont!     Missing character: There is no ( in font nullfont!     Missing character: There is no 0 in font nullfont!     Missing character: There is no , in font nullfont!     Missing character: There is no 1 in font nullfont!     Missing character: There is no ) in font nullfont!     Missing character: There is no B in font nullfont!     Missing character: There is no ; in font nullfont!     [1          \providecommand \oddpage@label [2]{}     {/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-var/fonts/map/pdftex/updmap/pdftex.map}]     ! Extra }, or forgotten \endgroup.     \endframe ->\egroup                          \begingroup \def \@currenvir {frame}     l.27 \end{frame}      I tried using `{}` with `\only<2->`:               {\node (b) at (0,1) {B};}      but that did not help. (This isn't surprising but it seemed worth trying as it was about the only thing I could think to try.) Note that I think the complaints about the `nullfont` are unrelated as I get these with the full example even though everything compiles fine. # EDIT I'm even more confused now as it turns out that it is not even sufficient to disable externalisation as follows:               \documentclass{beamer}     \usepackage{standalone}     \usepackage{tikz}     \usetikzlibrary{external}     \tikzexternalize     \tikzexternaldisable     \makeatletter         \tikzset{% http://tex.stackexchange.com/a/79572/39222           beamer externalising/.style={%             execute at end picture={%               \tikzifexternalizing{%                 \ifbeamer@anotherslide                 \pgfexternalstorecommand{\string\global\string\beamer@anotherslidetrue}%                 \fi               }{}%             }%           },           external/optimize=false         }     \makeatother          \begin{document}          \begin{frame}{A frame}         \input{prawf3-pic}     \end{frame}      I thought that disabling externalisation would be sufficient to get compilation since it essentially turns the externalisation off. And `beamer externalising` seems to be defined conditionally so that it should be innocuous enough in that case... \end{document}


title: Equation-Environment creates unequally large white space

text: Consider the following example:               \documentclass{article}     \begin{document}     Nulla et lectus vestibulum urna fringilla ultrices.     Phasellus eu tellus sit amet tortor gravida          \begin{equation}         N(\alpha) = \sigma_1(\alpha) \cdots \sigma_d(\alpha)         \end{equation}     Nulla et lectus vestibulum urna fringilla ultrices.     Phasellus eu tellus sit amet tortor gravida placerat.         \begin{equation}         N(\alpha) = \sigma_1(\alpha) \cdots \sigma_d(\alpha)         \end{equation}     Nulla et lectus vestibulum urna fringilla ultrices.     \end{document}      ![enter image description here](http://i.stack.imgur.com/lIhdv.jpg) I noticed that before and after each equation latex uses a different amount of vertical white space. How can I make latex use a fixed amount of white space, say 10pt, before and after each equation? I found the following code, but I am unsure how to use it properly and I haven't had any success playing around with the numbers.               \setlength\abovedisplayskip{8.0pt plus 2.0pt minus 5.0pt}     \setlength\belowdisplayskip{8.0pt plus 2.0pt minus 5.0pt}     \setlength\abovedisplayshortskip{8.0pt plus 3.0pt minus 3.0pt}     \setlength\belowdisplayshortskip{8.0pt plus 3.0pt minus 3.0pt}


title: problem with ps2pdf command with metapost graphics

text: We have a system at our college where we've written thousands of problems over the years. We started using Metapost, then along came PSTricks, then we started using tike and tkz. Our code mixes perl and tex code, then a script is applied that produces a tex file, which is then compiled using the following commands.               latex --shell-escape filename.tex     dvips -o filename-pics.ps filename.dvi     ps2pdf -dAutoRotatePages=/None filename-pics.ps filename-pics.pdf     pdflatex --shell-escape filename.tex      All worked well with Texlive 2012, but a recent update to Texlive 2014 is causing problems. Many of our graphics will no longer compile and wind up in our pdf output documents. So I may be tuning into Tex Stack Exchange with a number of questions as we try to hunt down what is going wrong. My first question follows. Here is a minimal file.               \documentclass{article}     \usepackage{amsmath,amssymb}          \usepackage{infwarerr}     \usepackage{ltxcmds}          \usepackage{pst-pdf}     \usepackage{pst-bar}     \usepackage{pst-plot}     \usepackage{pst-tree}     \usepackage{pst-eucl}     \usepackage{pst-solides3d}     \usepackage{pstricks-add}     \usepackage{tkz-euclide,tkz-fct}     \usetkzobj{all}          \usepackage{ifpdf}          %% for metapost graphics     \usepackage{emp}     \ifpdf     \DeclareGraphicsRule{*}{mps}{*}{}     \fi     \setlength{\unitlength}{1cm}          \empTeX{}          \begin{document}          \setlength{\unitlength}{1cm}     \begin{empfile}          \begin{empdef}[raydomain1](4,4)          %initalize parameters;     numeric xa, ya, xb, yb;     xa:=0;     ya:=0;     xb:=5;     yb:=-5;          %initialize scale     numeric u; 10u=w;          %opendotblue macro     def opendotblue(expr pos)=      fill fullcircle scaled 4pt shifted pos withcolor white;      draw fullcircle scaled 4pt shifted pos withcolor blue;     enddef;          %grid     for k=-5u step 1u until 5u:      draw (k,-5u)--(k,5u) withcolor blue;      draw (-5u,k)--(5u,k) withcolor blue;     endfor;          %axes     drawdblarrow (-5u,0)--(5u,0);     label.rt(btex $x$ etex, (5u,0));     drawdblarrow (0,-5u)--(0,5u);     label.top(btex $y$ etex, (0,5u));          %scale     label.lft(btex $5$ etex, (0,5u));     label.top(btex $5$ etex, (5u,0));          %draw ray     path p;     p:=((xa,ya)--(xb,yb)) scaled u;     pickup pencircle scaled 1pt;      drawarrow p withcolor blue;     pickup defaultpen;     opendotblue((xa,ya) scaled u);     label.rt(btex $f$ etex, (xb,yb) scaled u);          \end{empdef}          \end{empfile}          \immediate\write18{mpost  \jobname}          \empuse{raydomain1}          \end{document}      Let's save this file as filename.tex. Then the first two commands work fine.               latex --shell-escape filename.tex     dvips -o filename-pics.ps filename.dvi      However, the third command:               ps2pdf -dAutoRotatePages=/None filename-pics.ps filename-pics.pdf      Posts the following error.               Error: /typecheck in --div--     Operand stack:        1   1   0.0   0.0   a   65781.8     Execution stack:        %interp_exit   .runexec2   --nostringval--   --nostringval--   --nostringval--   2   %stopped_push   --nostringval--   --nostringval--   --nostringval--   false   1   %stopped_push   1900   1   3   %oparray_pop   1899   1   3   %oparray_pop   1883   1   3   %oparray_pop   1771   1   3   %oparray_pop   --nostringval--   %errorexec_pop   .runexec2   --nostringval--   --nostringval--   --nostringval--   2   %stopped_push   --nostringval--   --nostringval--   --nostringval--   --nostringval--   4   --nostringval--   %repeat_continue   --nostringval--     Dictionary stack:        --dict:1168/1684(ro)(G)--   --dict:0/20(G)--   --dict:132/200(L)--   --dict:787/1012(L)--   --dict:183/300(L)--     Current allocation mode is local     Last OS error: Invalid argument     Current file position is 447402     GPL Ghostscript 9.10: Unrecoverable error, exit code 1      Now, if we comment two lines, namely:               %\usepackage{tkz-euclide,tkz-fct}     %\usetkzobj{all}      Then that error is eliminated. So, has something changed? Here is a second example:               \documentclass{article}     \usepackage{amsmath,amssymb}          \usepackage{pst-pdf}     \usepackage{pst-bar}     \usepackage{pst-plot}     \usepackage{pst-tree}     \usepackage{pst-eucl}     \usepackage{pst-solides3d}     \usepackage{pstricks-add}     \usepackage{tkz-euclide,tkz-fct}     \usetkzobj{all}          \begin{document}          \begin{center}     \psset{unit=0.4in}     \begin{pspicture}(-1,-1)(6.5,6)     \psgrid[gridlabels=0pt,subgriddiv=1,gridcolor=lightgray](0,0)(0,0)(5,5)     \psaxes[arrows=->,arrowscale=1.5,ticks=none,labels=none](0,0)(0,0)(5.3,5.3)     \uput[0](5.3,0){$x$}     \uput[270](5,0){5}     \uput[270](0,0){0}     \uput[180](0,5){5}     \uput[180](0,0){0}     \uput[90](0,5.3){$y$}     \psdot*[linecolor=red,dotsize=3pt 3](2,2)     \uput[45](2,2){$P$}     \end{pspicture}     \end{center}          \end{document}      Now, these three commands:               latex --shell-escape filename.tex     dvips -o filename-pics.ps filename.dvi     ps2pdf -dAutoRotatePages=/None filename-pics.ps filename-pics.pdf      Produces a file filename-pics.pdf that is blank. Now, if again, I comment the lines:               %\usepackage{tkz-euclide,tkz-fct}     %\usetkzobj{all}      Then, these three commands:               latex --shell-escape filename.tex     dvips -o filename-pics.ps filename.dvi     ps2pdf -dAutoRotatePages=/None filename-pics.ps filename-pics.pdf      Produces a file filename-pics.pdf that contains the image needed. Note: I know some people will probably immediately start to suggest better approaches (and they do exist now, but probably not when we started many years ago), so we have to pretty much keep our system the same, there are just far too many files than we could possibly rewrite. So, what is going on with:               \usepackage{tkz-euclide,tkz-fct}     \usetkzobj{all}      I am using:               \ProvidesPackage{tkz-fct}[2014/03/13 1.19 c function ]       David


title: How to have extra row of tick labels appear only once per row of plots?

text: This is a follow up to How to add another row of tick labels? I currently have another row of tick labels for every plot in a group of plots. What I want to do is to have the descriptions for the extra row of tick labels to appear only once per row of plots, like what `y descriptions at=edge left` does for axis descriptions. What I currently get is the following where the undesirable descriptions are marked: ![My failed attempt of having the extra row of tick labels appear only once per row of plots](http://i.stack.imgur.com/UBPpB.png)               \documentclass{article}          \usepackage{pgfplots}          \usepgfplotslibrary{groupplots}          \pgfplotsset{       domain=0:1,       xmin=0, xmax=1,       ymax=1, ymin=-1     }          \begin{document}          \begin{figure}       \begin{tikzpicture}         \begin{groupplot}[width=6cm,           clip=false,           xtick align=inside,           extra x ticks={0, 0.2, 0.4, ..., 1},           every extra x tick/.style={major tick length=0pt,             xtick align=outside, yshift=-10pt},           group style={group size=2 by 2,             y descriptions at=edge left},           ylabel={\(f(x)\)},           ]           \pgfplotsinvokeforeach{0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8}{             \nextgroupplot[extra x tick labels={#1, #1, #1, #1, #1 ,#1}]             \addplot{#1 - x};             \node  at (axis description cs:0,0) [anchor=north east, align=left,xshift=-12pt] {\(x_1\)};             \node  at (axis description cs:0,0) [anchor=north east, align=left,xshift=-12pt,yshift=-11pt] {\(x_2\)};           }         \end{groupplot}       \end{tikzpicture}     \end{figure}          \end{document}      Obviously I could skip the loop and write out each plot and their options explicitly. But that seems like a hack and bad style. For instance, it would mean that content and style are less separated. Ideally I would like to keep the loop but still have control over the style options, such as via an interface that lets you do things like `extra x descriptions at=edge left`.


title: What do Sweave/knitr offer that make doesn't?

text: I use LaTeX to write papers and R for data analysis and visualization, so I've been looking into Sweave and knitr. The Sweave website says: > The purpose is to create dynamic reports, which can be updated automatically > if data or analysis change. But it seems to me that I already have this in my current workflow, with a makefile that runs my R scripts and then compiles my LaTeX with the figures and tables generated by the scripts. The make approach is also really good with caching, e.g., it checks the timestamps of my data files as well as source files to know when to recompile individual components. And it seems like with Sweave/knitr, I lose ability to run _just_ my R or my LaTeX, separately. Am I missing something? What do solutions like Sweave and knitr offer that make doesn't?


title: Two pdf versions from one single .TEX file?

text: I publish a lot for science journals and some of them are very strict on the number of pages your manuscript will be, as usual the final version of the articles is double column but for review and stuff like that it is always ez to compile as single column. My question is this, Is there a way to compile just one .tex file and get a Single column pdf and a double column one? I read that this could be achieve by use of `\write18` but I don't understand at all how I guess must be something like this:               \documentclass[layout=onecolumn]{SomeJournalStyle}     all the preamble          \write18{pdflatex "2Columnversion" Master.tex some script/modifier to change column layout at preamble }          \begin{document}     .     .     .     .     .     \end{document}


title: Thick Lines on table

text: I've seen the answer someone posted and I implemented it, I would like to keep this configuration as I already based my word using this answer.   Now, the question is, how can I make partial horizontal lines like what does `\cline{-}`.


title: Chapterwise bibliographies at the section level in ToC

text: I use `chapterbib` and `bibtex` for my thesis (no `natbib`, as it interferes with the class file). The chapter wise bibliographies are listed at the chapter level in the ToC. How can I get it to position at the section level instead?


title: Bibtex in-text citation using "et al." How do you insert 's to indicate possession?

text: I'm citing an in-text reference using natbib and a Harvard-style. The way I've constructed the sentence indicates possession, for example: > Smith et al.'s (2009) recent study ... What I get when using `\citet{}` is: > Smith et al. (2009) recent study ... Is there a way to add the apostrophe and s in this context? I tried placing it in the square brackets `\citet[][]{}` but that doesn't work.


title: Get "Wilson and Milton's (2010) work..." using BibTex

text: I'm using BibTex to write an academic paper, and want to write something along the lines of: > Wilson and Milton's (2010) work showed that... How can I do this when using BibTex with `natbib`. I've tried using the optional arguments to `\citet{}` to put things before and after the citation, but that just puts bits inside the brackets. I assume I need to use `\citet{}` not `\citep{}`, but is there a way to get it to do this?


title: How to put a 's after citing author

text: So at the moment I have something like:               \documentclass[twoside, a4paper, 11pt]{article}     \title{}     \author{}     \usepackage{ragged2e}     \usepackage{booktabs,tabularx}     \usepackage{amsfonts}     \usepackage{amsthm}     \usepackage{mathtools}     \usepackage{verbatim}     \usepackage{amsmath, amssymb}     \usepackage{natbib}     %\def\pgfsysdriver{pgfsys-dvipdfm.def}     \usepackage{tikz}     \usepackage{enumerate}     \usetikzlibrary{matrix, arrows}     \usepackage{graphicx}     \usepackage{subfig}     \usepackage{listings}     \usepackage{color}     %\usepackage{hyperref}     \usepackage{float}     \usepackage{multicol}     \usepackage{booktabs}     \usepackage{lscape}     \usepackage{cases}     \usepackage{multirow}     \usepackage[figuresright]{rotating}     \usepackage{setspace}     \usepackage{lscape}     \usepackage{longtable}     \usepackage{caption}     %\usepackage{subcaption}          \usepackage[update,prepend]{epstopdf}     %\usepackage{mathpazo}     %\usepackage{eulervm}     %\usepackage{iwona}     \usepackage[pdftex,colorlinks,linkcolor=black,citecolor=blue,urlcolor=black]{hyperref}     \usepackage[official]{eurosym}     %\usepackage{MinionPro}          \setlength{\textwidth}{6.5in}     \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{0in}     \setlength{\evensidemargin}{0in}     \setlength{\parindent}{0pt}     \setlength{\parskip}{1ex plus 0.5ex minus 0.2ex}          \linespread{1.5}          \usepackage[top=2.5cm, bottom=2.5cm, left=2cm, right=2cm]{geometry}                    \begin{document}          The most standard approach to modeling default risk centres upon \cite{merton74}'s structural model.          \bibliographystyle{apa-good}     \bibliography{bibliography}     \end{document}      The entry in bibtex is:               @article{merton74,         author  = "Merton, R.",         title   = "{``On the Pricing of Corporate Debt: The Risk Structure of Interest Rates''}",         year    = "1974",         journal = "The Journal of Finance",         volume  = "29",         number  = "",         pages   = "449--470"}      The output is like: ![enter image description here](http://i.stack.imgur.com/vlokR.jpg) However I would like the 's to appear right after Merton, ie, Merton's (1974). How can I achieve this?


title: Substitutions with psfrag not compiling. Can I use includegraphics?

text: I am trying to compile this code with "latex" (not pdflatex). I got the code itself from a collegue, so it should work. Except maybe the way I compile it and the usepackage options? Right now, I am getting the error:               " ...graphics[width = 0.54\textwidth]{SVM2.eps ! Undefined control sequence."      I shouldn't use graphics in Latex right? Since it is an eps figure. Any ideas? The eps file is available here. UPDATE I forget to include some newcommands, as was remarked below. This is the corrected code. It compiles, but the substitutions appear next to the graph. I thought they were supposed to come inside the graph.               \documentclass{article}      %  \usepackage{graphicx}     \newcommand{\vecbeta}{\boldsymbol{\beta}}     \newcommand{\vecX}{\mbox{\boldmath$x$}}     \newcommand{\vecW}{\boldsymbol{w}}     \newcommand{\natnumbers}{\ensuremath{\mathbb{R}}}     \newcommand{\varphibold}{\mbox{\boldmath$\varphi$}}\newcommand{\vecvarphi}{\mbox{\boldmath$\varphi$}}     \newcommand{\xibold}{\mbox{\boldmath$\xi$}}     \newcommand{\be}{\begin{equation}}     \newcommand{\ee}{\end{equation}}     \newcommand{\ul}{\underline}     \newcommand{\nubold}{\mbox{\boldmath$\nu$}}     \newcommand{\alphabold}{\mbox{\boldmath$\alpha$}}     \def\bkRrm{{\rm I\kern-.17em R}}     \usepackage{tikz}      \usepackage{pstool}     \usepackage{psfrag}     \begin{document}        \begin{psfrags}     \psfrag{x}[][]{x}     \psfrag{+}[][]{+}     \psfrag{E1}[][]{\ \ \ \footnotesize{${\bf w}^T\varphibold({\bf x})+b=-1$}}     \psfrag{E2}[][]{\ \ \ \ \footnotesize{${\bf w}^T\varphibold({\bf x})+b=0$}}     \psfrag{E3}[][]{\ \ \ \ \footnotesize{${\bf w}^T\varphibold({\bf x})+b=+1$}}     \psfrag{E4}[][]{$\varphibold_1({\bf x})$}     \psfrag{E5}[][]{$\varphibold_2({\bf x})$}     \psfrag{E6}[][]{$2/||{\bf w}||$}     \psfrag{E7}[][]{Class +1}     \psfrag{E8}[][]{Class -1}       \includegraphics[width = 0.54\textwidth]{SVM2.eps}       \end{psfrags}     \end{document}      ![enter image description here](http://i.stack.imgur.com/VEVBX.png)


title: Condition for drawing of axis labels in PSTricks

text: Consider the same example as here (but now I actually have a problem):               % latex filename.tex     % dvips filename.dvi     % ps2pdf filename.ps          \documentclass[       a4paper,       dvipsnames     ]{article}          \usepackage{lmodern}     \usepackage{amsmath}     \usepackage{pst-grad,pst-plot}     \usepackage{xfrac}     \usepackage[       locale=DE     ]{siunitx}          %%% Flydning af figurer %%%          \makeatletter       \providecommand*{\setfloatlocations}[2]{\@namedef{fps@#1}{#2}}     \makeatother     \setfloatlocations{figure}{htbp}          %%% LaTeX 3-syntaks %%%          \ExplSyntaxOn       \cs_new_eq:NN \calc \fp_eval:n     \ExplSyntaxOff          %%% Definitioner %%%          \def\radioaktivt{%       \psscalebox{0.0125}{%         \pscircle[           fillstyle=solid,           fillcolor=yellow,           linestyle=none         ](0,0){5}         \pswedge*(0,0){5}{0}{60}         \pswedge*(0,0){5}{120}{180}         \pswedge*(0,0){5}{240}{300}         \pscircle*[           linecolor=yellow         ](0,0){1.5}         \pscircle*(0,0){1}       }     }          \def\ikkeradioaktivt{%       \pscircle*[         linecolor=SeaGreen       ](0,0){0.0625}     }          \def\henfald{rand 301 mod 50 div round 50 div }          \def\simpel#1{!#1 \henfald add \henfald \i\space 5 mul 16 div add 0.121 add }          \def\maerkerX{\calc{1.5*\i+0.75}}     \def\maerkerYa{\calc{10*2^(-\i)}}     \def\maerkerYb{\num{\calc{100*2^(-\i)}}}          \def\halveringerB{\calc{\Halveringer-1}}     \def\halveringerC{\calc{\Halveringer+1}}     \def\konstA{\calc{1.5*\i+0.25}\space}     \def\konstB{\calc{32*2^(-\i)}}     \def\konstC{\calc{32-\konstB}}     \def\konstD{\calc{1.5*\halveringerC+0.75}}     \def\konstE{\calc{\konstD-0.75}}     \def\konstF{\calc{\konstD+0.15}}          \newcommand*{\halveringer}[1]{%      \def\Halveringer{#1}      \centering       \begin{pspicture}(-1.7,-0.6)(\konstF,11.2)         \psframe[           linestyle=none,           fillstyle=gradient,           gradangle=45,           gradmidpoint=1,           gradbegin=gray!80,           gradend=gray!30         ](0,0)(\konstE,10.25)         \multido{\i=0+1}{\halveringerC}{%           \psframe[             dimen=middel,             linecolor=NavyBlue,             linewidth=1pt,             fillstyle=gradient,             gradangle=90,             gradmidpoint=1,             gradbegin=NavyBlue!50,             gradend=white           ](\konstA,0)(!\konstA 1 add \maerkerYa)         }         \multido{\i=0+1}{\halveringerC}{%           \psframe[             dimen=middel,             linecolor=NavyBlue,             linewidth=1pt,             fillstyle=gradient,             gradangle=90,             gradmidpoint=0,             gradbegin=SeaGreen!30,             gradend=white           ](\konstA,10)(!\konstA 1 add \maerkerYa)         }         \multido{\i=0+1}{\halveringerC}{%           \rput(\konstA,0){%             \multido{\i=0+1}{\konstB}{%               \rput{!\henfald 777 mul}(\simpel{0.125}){\radioaktivt}               \rput{!\henfald 777 mul}(\simpel{0.375}){\radioaktivt}               \rput{!\henfald 777 mul}(\simpel{0.625}){\radioaktivt}               \rput{!\henfald 777 mul}(\simpel{0.875}){\radioaktivt}             }           }           \rput(\konstA,\maerkerYa){%             \multido{\i=0+1}{\konstC}{%               \rput(\simpel{0.125}){\ikkeradioaktivt}               \rput(\simpel{0.375}){\ikkeradioaktivt}               \rput(\simpel{0.625}){\ikkeradioaktivt}               \rput(\simpel{0.875}){\ikkeradioaktivt}             }           }         }         \psaxes[           ticks=none,           labels=none,           arrowinset=0.05,           arrowscale=1.6,           arrowlength=1.8         ]{->}(0,0)(-0.3,-0.3)(\konstD,10.75)[$t$,0][Radioaktive kerner~(\si{\percent}),90]         \psplot[           algebraic,           linecolor=red,           linewidth=1.5pt         ]{0.75}{\konstE}{10*0.5^(2*(x-0.75)/3)}         \psxTick(0.75){\text{start}}         \psxTick(2.25){T_{\sfrac{1}{2}}}         \multido{\i=2+1}{\halveringerB}{%           \psxTick(\maerkerX){\i \cdot T_{\sfrac{1}{2}}}         }         \multido{\i=0+1}{\halveringerC}{%           \psyTick(\maerkerYa){\maerkerYb}         }       \end{pspicture}     }          \pagestyle{empty}          \begin{document}          \multido{\iK=0+1}{3}{%       \begin{figure}         \halveringer{\iK}       \end{figure}     }          \end{document}      **Problem** / **Question** The problem is the drawing on the first page: Before the first halftime is reached, i.e., when `\iK` is `0`, only the label `start` should be drawn on the time axis. How do I fix this? **Update** Within a few hours I won't be near a computer for the next nine days, i.e., I won't check this post before Monday the 9th.


title: What does ampersand equals mean?

text: On the wikipedia page: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LaTeX, the first example is               \begin{align}     E &= mc^2                              \\     m &= \frac{m_0}{\sqrt{1-\frac{v^2}{c^2}}}     \end{align}      May I ask what does the `&=`do? Why is the ampersand needed?


title: (Re-)Setting the currents section name from within the section

text: I am trying to reset the currents section from somewhere "whithin" the section, but after the `\section` command. Is that even possible with the way LaTeX works? I know, it is possible to use the title of a section within it with the _nameref_ package, but is there a way to change/re-set it after it was initially set by `\section{mytitle}`? The scenario looks like this: I have created an custom environment, in which the preamble always starts with a               \subsubsection{My Content No. \arabic{mycounter}}      and afterwards creates a table, in which all of this sections information is displayed. I have set a few `\newcommands` which take arguments and do not much more than make formatted table rows out of it. All of that works fine. But there is also a command               \name{TitleOfThisCase}      Not in all cases, this command will be used, but when it is used, I would like to overwrite the above argument to the `\subsubsection` command with the provided Title. By default, the section is just numbered, if a name is provided, it the title should be reset. In short, I am looking for something to add to the command definition of `\name` that would do something like               \renewcommand{\currentname}{#1 (Case No. \arabic{mycounter})}      My code looks sort of like the following, using _supertabular_ package:               \documentclass[]{article}          \usepackage{supertabular}          \newcommand{\variants}[1]{\multicolumn{2}{l}{\emph{Variants:}} \\     \multicolumn{2}{p{\textwidth}}{#1}\\     \hline}     % ...     \newcommand{\name}[1]{Name & #1 \\ \hline }          \newcounter{myCount}     \newenvironment{myEnv}[1][\arabic{myCount}]{     \stepcounter{myCount}     \bgroup     \subsubsection{Env \arabic{myCount}}     \begin{center}     \tablefirsthead{     \hline}     \tablehead{%     \multicolumn{2}{l}{\scriptsize\sl myEnv \arabic{myCount} (continued)}\\     \hline}     \tabletail{%     \hline     \multicolumn{2}{r}{\scriptsize\sl continued on next page \dots}\\     \hline}     \tablelasttail{\hline}     \label{awf:#1}     \begin{supertabular}{p{3.5cm}|p{11.5cm}}     }{     \end{supertabular}     \end{center}     \egroup       }          \begin{document}          \section{first section}         \subsection{a subsection}             \begin{myEnv}[label1]                 \name{My title (this should also reset the title of this section), it is Environment1}                 \variants{some variants to describe}             \end{myEnv}                  \subsubsection{Another Subsection}             Another subsubsection, not using the custom environment.                  \begin{myEnv}[label2]                 \variants{this only has variants, and is Environment2, but section 1.1.3}             \end{myEnv}          \section{Second Section}         \subsection{another subsection}             \subsubsection{yet another subsubsection}             nothing here             \begin{myEnv}[label3]                 \name{This is my environment with number 3, but section number 2.1.2}             \end{myEnv}          \end{document}


title: combine \usepackage{times} and \fontspec \setmainfont

text: I'm having difficulty finding a Times-like font which has support for Americanist phonetic symbols, bold, italic, bold italic and small caps. Currently, I've got a setup using `xelatex` which gets me all but the last item on the list:               \usepackage{fontspec}     \setmainfont[     BoldFont={Aboriginal Serif Bold},     ItalicFont={Aboriginal Serif Italic},     BoldItalicFont={Aboriginal Serif Bold Italic},     Mapping=tex-text]{Doulos SIL}      On my system (texlive on debian GNU/Linux), simply including `\usepackage{times}` will get me a font which has small caps, bold, italic, bold italic, but it doesn't have all the glyphs I need. If I can figure out how to use that `\usepackage{times}` font with `fontspec`, I think I could fill it in as:               SmallCapsFont={NAMEOFUSEPACKAGETIMESFONT}      in the options for `\setmainfont`. Alternatively, if there's a Times-like font which is going to be freely available, I could use that. So, my practical question is: what font can I use to get times small caps? I've tried with Aboriginal Serif, Doulos SIL, Nimbus No9 Roman L, Times New Roman, none seem to have the small caps. My principled question is: is there a way to use the metafont `\usepackage{times}` font as one of the font types in `\setmainfont`? To make some minimal examples:               \documentclass{article}     \usepackage{fontspec}     \begin{document}     LARGECAPS \textsc{smallcaps}     \end{document}`      and compile with xelatex, ^^^ that works. If I add `\usepackage{times}` that also works. But if I add `\setmainfont{X}` where X is any one of * Doulos SIL * Aboriginal Serif * Times New Roman * TeX Gyre Termes * STIXGeneral I just seem miniscules instead of small caps.


title: Table way out of margin

text: I have a really long table and it is out of margin. I read other post about this issue but I still cannot figure it out:               \begin{table}[htbp]     \begin{center}          \begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|p{51pt}|c|p{54pt}|c|c|}          \hline     &      Atmosphere pressure P$_{0}$&      Wanted pressure inside(absolute) P'&      $\mathrm{\Delta p}$ \par &      Altitude&      g (m$^{2}$/s) \par &      S (m$^{2})$&      m (g) \\     \hline     Los Angeles&      101.2KPa&      180Kpa&      78.8Kpa&      70m&      9.83268&      1.26*10$^{-5}$&      100.98 \\     \hline     Lhasa (capital of Tibet)&      65.3KPa&      102Kpa&      36.7Kpa&      3650m&      9.82143&      1.26*10$^{-5}$&      47.08 \\     \hline     Mt Everest Base Camp&      46.3KPa&      102Kpa&      55.7Kpa&      5550m&      9.81558&      1.26*10$^{-5}$&      71.50 \\     \hline     \end{tabular}     \label{tab3}     \end{center}     \end{table}


title: Draw Circuit For LaTeX Documents: GUI

text: Currently, I use Circuitikz to draw my circuits for my LaTeX documents. My issue is, it really takes a while to draw them and a GUI which would allow me to drag and drop the components would really be so much easier for this kind of thing. Can anyone suggest to me suggest a GUI? I also have other issues with Circuitikz that really make me want to find a better option... Diodes are too big, I have to give coordinates to everything (so I can't really say, put R1 left of C1), and certain things are just a pain to do. A GUI really would be so much better... I've looked at XCircuit, but that also seems to have some issues and I failed at getting latex mode to work...


title: Put a bracket over a text (not in math mode)

text: I want to place a line or a bracket over a big text (of two or more lines length) and preferably preventing the hyphenation of this text. Is it possible?


title: How to make interactive PDF documents with TeX?

text: Is it possible to have an interactive PDF Document using LaTeX? For example, I want to make a PDF document (math exercise sheets) such that:   * The user could fold/unfold parts of the document (i.e., the user could press a plus to see the answers)   * The user could tick some field to submit an answer and see his/her score   * Print the resulting PDF document or save it


title: After notitlepage my abstract lost formatting

text: I've added `notitlepage` option to not get my page counter reset ( according to suggestion : http://tex.stackexchange.com/a/44955/7128 ) but my abstract lost formatting ! Now it has line spacing and margins like rest of document. _How to achieve default look of abstract when`notitlepage` option is used?_               \documentclass[pdftex,a4paper,12pt,twoside,openany]{report}     %\documentclass[pdftex,a4paper,12pt,twoside,openany,notitlepage]{report} % <--- switch to this to see difference     \usepackage{lipsum}     \begin{document}     \linespread{1.6} % interline 2.0     \begin{abstract}     \lipsum[1-3]     \end{abstract}     \chapter{CH}     \lipsum[1-8]     \end{document}      How to achieve same look of abstract with `notitlepage` as without that option, wile preserving same formatting of rest of document ?


title: Split a scanned photo across multiple pages (with a predifined splitting point)

text: I am a relative (La)TeX newbie! I want to split an A4 scanned image across two pages! Is there a package to achieve this or is it possible to do this manually so that to be able to define the exact splitting point?


title: Making calculations using counter

text: I need to use the counter to make some computations inside loops. For instance, I want to write a for loop to get the following:                                ![](http://i.imgur.com/8Qv86hC.png)     ![](http://i.imgur.com/pEFqLjk.png) What is the best way to write using `\forloop`? Using `\forloop` and `\newcounter`, I am unable to perform operations on the counter, i.e., I am unable to perform operations like `2*k-1`, where `k` is the counter in the `\forloop`.


title: Typesetting alternating text left to right and right to left

text: Out of curiosity: Can I typeset alternating from line to line left to right and right to left?               Hello, I actually     txet elttil a ma     with no meaning


title: Adjustbox inside figure environment

text: I am trying to use the `adjustbox` package. When I use the `adjustbox` command inside a `\ffigbox` (`floatrow` package) it works fine. Now I wanted to use it inside a figure environment. Therfore I used the following code:               \begin{figure}     \centering     \adjustbox{max width=\linewidth}{\include{images/plot/associativity}}     %\include{images/plot/associativity}     \caption{Associativity compared to execution time}\label{fig:intro:associativity}     \floatfoot{Matrix multiplication on the \emph{leon3}, normalized by longest execution time. Lower is better. There is no optimal solution across all problem sizes}     \end{figure}      Latex gives me the following error if I use the `\adjustbox` line, and works fine if I use the pure include: > Extra }, or forgotten \endgroup \end{figure} Since my MWE turned out to actually contian an error, but I think the parantheses in this `adjustbox` line are balanced, I have an issue, I am tryuing to build a new (non working) M ~~W~~ E MWE:               \documentclass{report}     \usepackage{tikz}     \usepackage{adjustbox}           \usepackage{filecontents}          \begin{document}     \begin{filecontents}{asso.tex}     \begin{tikzpicture}          \end{tikzpicture}     \end{filecontents}          \begin{figure}     \centering     \adjustbox{max width=\linewidth}{\include{asso}}     %\include{asso}     \end{figure}     \end{document}


title: Is it bad style to have spaces in environment names?

text: I've recently realized that, due to how `\newenvironment`, `\begin`, and `\end` work, there is _no_ reason you can't have environment names with spaces in them. As long as you stick with `\begin` and `\end`, this works. So, why do environment names always consist of catcode 11 characters? Why is the ability to use `\env` and `\endenv` (easily) so important? (If you're making your own environment that needs these, it's peanuts to use `\csname my env\endcsname`.) Is it simply bad style? * * * To clear any possible confusion, why is               \newenvironment{somename}      preferable to               \newenvironment{some name}      at the document level?


title: Changing the optional argument of a package at some point in the document

text: Is it possible to change the optional argument from `<option 1>` to `<option 2>` (given to a loaded package `<package>` via `\usepackage[<option x>]{<package>}`) at an _arbitrary_ point in the document, so that **until** this point `option 1` applies and **after** that point `option 2` does? I want to illustrate my question with an example: Let's say the ´footmisc´-package (providing layouting-options etc. for footnotes) is loaded and I want to use the `side`-option (which causes footnotes to appear in the margin as "`\marginpar`s") for, let's say, chapter 2 _only_. Is there a way to realise such "option changes" or are workarounds needed for such a case? (In this particular example custom commands adding `marginpar`s instead of "normal footnotes")?


title: Problem with bibliography after updating to TeX Live 2013

text: I update today to TeX Live 2013 (MacTeX) from TeX Live 2012. On my `.tex` document (that was perfectly working until yesterday) I run and get in the mini-buffer: 1) `latex` -> `You should run Biber to get citation right` (This is new, yesterday it asked me for BibLaTeX...) 2) `biber` -> `Biber finished successfully. Run LaTex again to get citations right` 3) `latex` -> `LaTeX: There were unresolved citations` I did update with TeX Live Utility all the packages, I restarted my Mac. Still same problem.               \documentclass[a4paper]{article}          % Set the values for the biblography     \usepackage[         backend=biber,         isbn=false,         url=false,         doi=false,         eprint=false,     ]{biblatex}          %Point to the bibliography db     \addbibresource{mybib.bib}          \begin{document}          \fullcite{egghead2013}           \textcite[][361]{egghead2013} %three times, on more pages...          \end{document}      This is my output after the last step:               Running `LaTeX' on `document' with ``pdflatex --synctex=1 -interaction=nonstopmode "\input" document.tex''     This is pdfTeX, Version 3.1415926-2.5-1.40.14 (TeX Live 2013)      restricted \write18 enabled.     entering extended mode     LaTeX2e <2011/06/27>     Babel <3.9f> and hyphenation patterns for 78 languages loaded.     (./document.tex     (/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/article.cls     Document Class: article 2007/10/19 v1.4h Standard LaTeX document class     (/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/size10.clo))     (/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/tex/latex/biblatex/biblatex.sty      (/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/tex/latex/biblatex/biblatex2.sty     (/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/tex/latex/etoolbox/etoolbox.sty     (/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/tex/latex/etex-pkg/etex.sty))     (/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/tex/latex/graphics/keyval.sty)     (/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/tex/latex/oberdiek/kvoptions.sty     (/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/tex/generic/oberdiek/ltxcmds.sty)     (/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/tex/generic/oberdiek/kvsetkeys.sty     (/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/tex/generic/oberdiek/infwarerr.sty)     (/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/tex/generic/oberdiek/etexcmds.sty     (/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/tex/generic/oberdiek/ifluatex.sty))))     (/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/tex/latex/logreq/logreq.sty     (/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/tex/latex/logreq/logreq.def))     (/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/ifthen.sty)     (/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/tex/latex/url/url.sty)     (/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/tex/latex/biblatex/blx-dm.def)     (/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/tex/latex/biblatex/blx-compat.def)     (/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/tex/latex/biblatex/biblatex.def)     (/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/tex/latex/biblatex/bbx/numeric.bbx     (/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/tex/latex/biblatex/bbx/standard.bbx))     (/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/tex/latex/biblatex/cbx/numeric.cbx)     (/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/tex/latex/biblatex/biblatex.cfg)))     (/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/tex/latex/pgfplots/pgfplotstable.sty     (/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/tex/generic/pgfplots/pgfplots.revision.tex)     (/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/tex/latex/pgfplots/pgfplots.sty     (/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/tex/generic/pgfplots/pgfplots.revision.tex)     (/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/tex/latex/pgf/frontendlayer/tikz.sty     (/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/tex/latex/pgf/basiclayer/pgf.sty     (/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/tex/latex/pgf/utilities/pgfrcs.sty     (/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/tex/generic/pgf/utilities/pgfutil-common.tex)     (/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/tex/generic/pgf/utilities/pgfutil-latex.def     (/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/tex/latex/ms/everyshi.sty))     (/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/tex/generic/pgf/utilities/pgfrcs.code.tex))     (/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/tex/latex/pgf/basiclayer/pgfcore.sty     (/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/tex/latex/graphics/graphicx.sty     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Package biblatex Warning: Please (re)run Biber on the file:     (biblatex)                document     (biblatex)                and rerun LaTeX afterwards.           )     (see the transcript file for additional information)</usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/fonts/type1/public/amsfonts/cm/cmbx10.pfb></usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/fonts/type1/public/amsfonts/cm/cmbx8.pfb></usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/fonts/type1/public/amsfonts/cm/cmbxti10.pfb></usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/fonts/type1/public/amsfonts/cm/cmr10.pfb></usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/fonts/type1/public/amsfonts/cm/cmr12.pfb></usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/fonts/type1/public/amsfonts/cm/cmr17.pfb></usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/fonts/type1/public/amsfonts/cm/cmr9.pfb></usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/fonts/type1/public/amsfonts/cm/cmti10.pfb></usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/fonts/type1/public/amsfonts/cm/cmtt12.pfb>     Output written on document.pdf (3 pages, 112516 bytes).     SyncTeX written on document.synctex.gz.     Transcript written on document.log.          LaTeX finished at Wed Aug 14 09:07:38      And finally my output after `biber`:               Running `Biber' on `document' with ``biber document''     INFO - This is Biber 1.7     INFO - Logfile is 'document.blg'     INFO - Reading 'document.bcf'     INFO - Found 1 citekeys in bib section 0     INFO - Processing section 0     INFO - Looking for bibtex format file 'mybib.bib' for section 0     INFO - Found BibTeX data source 'mybib.bib'          Biber abort trap: 6 at Wed Aug 14 09:33:22      And running `biber --debug document.bcf` from shell I get the same               INFO - This is Biber 1.7     INFO - Logfile is 'document.blg'     INFO - DEBUG mode: all messages are logged to 'document.blg'     INFO - Reading 'document.bcf'     INFO - Found 1 citekeys in bib section 0     INFO - Processing section 0     INFO - Looking for bibtex format file 'mybib.bib' for section 0     INFO - Found BibTeX data source 'mybib.bib'     zsh: abort      biber --debug document.bcf


title: IEEEtran bibliography -- “germanify” it

text: For a paper at university we have to use the IEEE style -- which can be done using IEEEtran LaTeX file. What we also have to take care of, though, is that the bibliography is German as well. Using               \bibliography{./FrontBackMatter/WissenschaftlichesArbeiten_3D_-_Drucker}     \bibliographystyle{IEEEtran}      for the bibliography, I get entries like               J. F. Kelly and P. Hood-Daniel, Printing in Plastic: Build Your Own 3D Printer, 1st ed. Apress, Jun. 2011.      and               H.-J. Warnecke, E. Westkämper, and M. Decker, Einführung in die Fertigungstechnik, 7th ed. Wiesbaden: B. G. Teubner Verlag / GWV Fachverlage GmbH, 2006.      However, I need the edition to be in German -- “Auflage”, as well as the connector between authors (“und” instead of “and”). Additionally, website titles are in English double quotes (“…”) and I would like them to be in German („…“). It would also be nice if I could save the effort of putting words that start with an uppercase letter in {} to have them printed starting with uppercase letters. Right now, for example the second book’s bibtex entry looks like this:                 @book{warnecke_einfuhrung_2006,         address = {Wiesbaden},         edition = {7},         title = {{E}inführung in die {F}ertigungstechnik},         isbn = {978-3-8351-0110-4},         lccn = {{32ZHU1750(7)}},         language = {Deutsch},         publisher = {B. G. Teubner Verlag / {GWV} Fachverlage {GmbH}},         author = {Warnecke, Hans-Jürgen and Westkämper, Engelbert and Decker, Markus},         year = {2006}     }      So I always have to change the files manually after exporting my bibliography out of Zotero (the organising tool I use). EDIT: Here is a mwe:               \RequirePackage[ngerman=ngerman-x-latest]{hyphsubst}     \documentclass[10pt,compsoc, a4paper]{IEEEtran}          \usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}     \usepackage[T1]{fontenc}      \usepackage[ngerman]{babel}     \begin{document}     Of course this isn’t an actual quote but I’m going to use cite anyway.\cite{kelly_printing_2011}     Awesome, right?\cite{warnecke_einfuhrung_2006},\cite{schnitker_stereolithographie_2008}     \bibliography{example}     \bibliographystyle{IEEEtran}     \end{document}      With (example) bibfile entries:               @book{kelly_printing_2011,         edition = {1},         title = {Printing in Plastic: Build Your Own {3D} Printer},         isbn = {978-1430234432},         abstract = {Printing in Plastic: Build Your Own {3D} Printer is your gateway into the exciting world of personal fabrication. The “printer” that you’ll build from this book is a personal fabricator capable of creating small parts and other objects from drops of molten plastic. Design a part using a modeling tool such as Google {SketchUp.} Then, watch while the fabricator head sweeps back and forth and upwards, depositing plastic in all the right places. You can build anything from a replacement tab to hold a bookshelf in place, to a small art project, to a bashguard for your bicycle. If you can conceive it and design it, you can build it, and you’ll have fun doing it!},         language = {English},         publisher = {Apress},         author = {Kelly, James Floyd and Hood-Daniel, Patrick},         month = jun,         year = {2011}     },     @book{warnecke_einfuhrung_2006,         address = {Wiesbaden},         edition = {7},         title = {{E}inführung in die {F}ertigungstechnik},         isbn = {978-3-8351-0110-4},         lccn = {{32ZHU1750(7)}},         language = {Deutsch},         publisher = {B. G. Teubner Verlag / {GWV} Fachverlage {GmbH}},         author = {Warnecke, Hans-Jürgen and Westkämper, Engelbert and Decker, Markus},         year = {2006}     },          @book{schnitker_stereolithographie_2008,         address = {München},         title = {{S}tereolithographie – das bekannteste {V}erfahren des {R}apid {P}rototyping},         isbn = {978364056960-1},         location = {V146092},         url = {http://www.grin.com/de/e-book/146092/stereolithographie-das-bekannteste-verfahren-des-rapid-prototyping},         language = {Deutsch},         publisher = {{GRIN} Verlag {GmbH}},         author = {Schnitker, Marc},         year = {2008},         keywords = {Lasersintern, Rapid prototyping, {RP}, Stereolithographie}     }      Full bibliography (so far): bibliography


title: What's the best way to draw a square or rectangle with specified dimensions?

text: How might one define a command `\rectangle`, invoked via e.g.               \rectangle{70cm}{70cm}       that produces a black-outline rectangle of the specified dimensions?


title: twocolumn article cases alignment issues

text: I use the following option twocolumn `\documentclass[11pt, twocolumn]{article}` Images and almost everything works nice. However I face an issue with the mathmode `cases` If my text is too long it doesn-t go automatically to the line and I don-t know how to set up manually the return line For instance               \[     M_{ij}=\begin{cases}     1 & {\rm if\, employee\,}i\,{\rm has\, the\, required\, flight\, skills\, and\, language\, skills\, to\, be\, matched\, with\, employee\, j}\\     0 & {\rm otherwise}     \end{cases}     \]      Gives the following result after compilation ![enter image description here](http://i.stack.imgur.com/S6JZK.png)


title: Multibib with TeXworks: how to parse second .aux file?

text: I need to use the multibib package to create a double bibliography document. I am currently working with TeXworks 0.4.3 (on Windows 7), but I cannot make the double bibliographies system work. The MWE is:               \documentclass{report}     \usepackage{natbib}     \usepackage{multibib}     %Secondary bibliography     \newcites{sec}{Secondary contributions}          Text with \citet{primauthor} and \citetsec{secauthor}.          \bibliographystyle{plainnat}     \bibliography{tbib}     \bibliographystylesec{plainnat}     \bibliographysec{tbib}          \end{document}      TeXworks correctly produces the "sec.aux" file... But I don't know how to make it process this file! The multibib package says I should put a for cycle               #!/bin/bash     for file in *.aux ; do     bibtex ‘basename $file .aux‘     done      but I have no idea where to put it... :D I have tried to make the following test (Thesis is the name of the base tex file): ![The try I have made](http://i.stack.imgur.com/oG58J.png) with no sensible results... any suggestion would be appreciated...


title: Changing/disabling the mouse over/hover text of a hyperlink

text: I am using `hyperref` package to create links in my tex file. To define a link, I do               \href{https://www.google.com}{google}      When mouse is over the text, the destination, https://www.google.com in this case, appears as a hovering text. Is there way to define the hovering text or simply get rid of it? Thanks.


title: MinionPro opticals lining figures

text: I get warnings of the kind               pdfTeX warning: /usr/bin/pdflatex (file /usr/local/share/texmf/fonts/type1/adob     e/MinionPro/MinionPro-Capt.pfb): glyph `eight.fitted' undefined      for all numerals and the viewer displays empty boxes only. The problem disappears if I remove the `lf` option. Then I get the old style figures. Also normalsize lining figures work ok. Of course with `noopticals` as option the problem disappears. Is that problem known?


title: Doesn't write the full last name of third author

text: I have some trouble with my literature directory. It doesn't show the full name of the third author. It only shows: > Hairer, E. und Lubich, C. u. W. G. But I want to see: > Hairer, E., Lubich, C. und Wanner, G. My code looks like following:               \documentclass[a4paper,12pt]{article}     \bibliographystyle{chicago}       \begin{document}          \bibliography{BIB}     \end{document}      And in my Bib the code is               @book{hairer2002geometric,      title={Geometric Numerical Integration: Structure-Preserving Algorithms for Ordinary Differential Equations},     author={Hairer, E., Lubich, C. und Wanner, G.},     series={Springer Series in Computational Mathematics},     year={2002},     volume={31},      publisher={Springer},      address={Berlin}          }


title: ! LaTeX Error: Option clash for package color in MiKTeX

text: I'm so new to LaTeX. Using MiKTeX I have following problem with its portable version. I write down here the code and the final error:               \documentclass[cover]{isas-seminar}          \usepackage{subfigure}     \usepackage{booktabs}          \usepackage[ngerman]{babel}     \usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}     \usepackage[babel]{csquotes}          \usepackage{listings}     \lstset{language=matlab}     \usepackage{graphicx}               \usepackage{amssymb}               \eventtype{Praktikum}                          \title{Auswertung von Versuchsdaten aus     Operationen am schlagenden Herzen}     \author{X}          \begin{document}                    \maketitle          \begin{abstract}     %Hier eine kommt die Zusammenfassung               \item Korrelieren der Daten.     \end{enumerate}     \end{abstract}          \clearpage     \tableofcontents          \cleardoublepage          \subsection{Drucksensor}     Drucksensor misst den Druck von Herz.          \subsection{EKG}     Das Elektrokardiogramm(EKG) ist die Aufzeichnung der Summe     der elektrischen Aktivitäten aller Herzmuskelfasern.                    \end{thebibliography}     \end{document}      And the result is :               This is pdfTeX, Version 3.1415926-2.4-1.40.13 (MiKTeX 2.9)     entering extended mode     (G:/localtexmf/tex/latex/asymptote/vorlage.pdf.tex     LaTeX2e <2011/06/27>     Babel <v3.8m> and hyphenation patterns for english, afrikaans, ancientgreek, ar     abic, armenian, assamese, basque, bengali, bokmal, bulgarian, catalan, coptic,      croatian, czech, danish, dutch, esperanto, estonian, farsi, finnish, french, ga     lician, german, german-x-2012-05-30, greek, gujarati, hindi, hungarian, iceland     ic, indonesian, interlingua, irish, italian, kannada, kurmanji, latin, latvian,      lithuanian, malayalam, marathi, mongolian, mongolianlmc, monogreek, ngerman, n     german-x-2012-05-30, nynorsk, oriya, panjabi, pinyin, polish, portuguese, roman     ian, russian, sanskrit, serbian, slovak, slovenian, spanish, swedish, swissgerm     an, tamil, telugu, turkish, turkmen, ukenglish, ukrainian, uppersorbian, usengl     ishmax, welsh, loaded.     (G:\localtexmf\tex\latex\asymptote\isas-seminar.cls     Document Class: isas-seminar 2005/04/13 The ISAS seminar class     (G:\Softwares\Latex\tex\latex\eso-pic\eso-pic.sty     (G:\Softwares\Latex\tex\generic\oberdiek\atbegshi.sty     (G:\Softwares\Latex\tex\generic\oberdiek\infwarerr.sty)     (G:\Softwares\Latex\tex\generic\oberdiek\ltxcmds.sty)     (G:\Softwares\Latex\tex\generic\oberdiek\ifpdf.sty))     (G:\Softwares\Latex\tex\latex\graphics\keyval.sty)     (G:\Softwares\Latex\tex\latex\xcolor\xcolor.sty     (G:\Softwares\Latex\tex\latex\00miktex\color.cfg)     (G:\Softwares\Latex\tex\latex\pdftex-def\pdftex.def)))     (G:\Softwares\Latex\tex\latex\type1cm\type1cm.sty)     (G:\Softwares\Latex\tex\latex\amsmath\amsmath.sty     For additional information on amsmath, use the `?' option.     (G:\Softwares\Latex\tex\latex\amsmath\amstext.sty     (G:\Softwares\Latex\tex\latex\amsmath\amsgen.sty))     (G:\Softwares\Latex\tex\latex\amsmath\amsbsy.sty)     (G:\Softwares\Latex\tex\latex\amsmath\amsopn.sty))     (G:\Softwares\Latex\tex\latex\base\article.cls     Document Class: article 2007/10/19 v1.4h Standard LaTeX document class     (G:\Softwares\Latex\tex\latex\base\size10.clo))     (G:\Softwares\Latex\tex\latex\geometry\geometry.sty     (G:\Softwares\Latex\tex\generic\oberdiek\ifvtex.sty)     (G:\Softwares\Latex\tex\generic\ifxetex\ifxetex.sty)     (G:\Softwares\Latex\tex\latex\geometry\geometry.cfg))     (G:\Softwares\Latex\tex\latex\german\ngerman.sty v2.5e 1998-07-08)     (G:\Softwares\Latex\tex\latex\fancyhdr\fancyhdr.sty)     (G:\Softwares\Latex\tex\latex\hyperref\hyperref.sty     (G:\Softwares\Latex\tex\generic\oberdiek\hobsub-hyperref.sty     (G:\Softwares\Latex\tex\generic\oberdiek\hobsub-generic.sty))     (G:\Softwares\Latex\tex\latex\oberdiek\auxhook.sty)     (G:\Softwares\Latex\tex\latex\oberdiek\kvoptions.sty)     (G:\Softwares\Latex\tex\latex\hyperref\pd1enc.def)     (G:\Softwares\Latex\tex\latex\00miktex\hyperref.cfg)     (G:\Softwares\Latex\tex\latex\ltxmisc\url.sty))          Package hyperref Message: Driver: hpdftex.          (G:\Softwares\Latex\tex\latex\hyperref\hpdftex.def     (G:\Softwares\Latex\tex\latex\oberdiek\rerunfilecheck.sty))     (G:\Softwares\Latex\tex\latex\graphics\graphicx.sty     (G:\Softwares\Latex\tex\latex\graphics\graphics.sty     (G:\Softwares\Latex\tex\latex\graphics\trig.sty)     (G:\Softwares\Latex\tex\latex\00miktex\graphics.cfg)))          ! LaTeX Error: Option clash for package color.          See the LaTeX manual or LaTeX Companion for explanation.     Type  H <return>  for immediate help.      ...                                                        l.114 \RequirePackage                          {float}     ?       Here is `isas-seminar.cls`:               %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%     %%            Identification     %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%     \NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}     \ProvidesClass{isas-seminar}[2005/04/13 The ISAS seminar class]          %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%     %%            Preliminary declarations     %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%     \newcommand{\cover}{}     %\RequirePackage[latin1]{inputenc}     \RequirePackage{eso-pic}     \RequirePackage{type1cm}     \RequirePackage{amsmath}          %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%     %%            Options     %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%     \def\eventtype#1{\gdef\@eventtype{#1}}      \global\let\@eventtype\@empty     \DeclareOption{cover}{       \def\gruppe#1{\gdef\@gruppe{#1}}       \global\let\@gruppe\@empty       \def\seminartitle#1{\gdef\@seminartitle{#1}}       \global\let\@seminartitle\@empty       \setlength\textwidth{16cm}            \renewcommand{\cover}{         \definecolor{covertextblue}{rgb}{0.4,0.4,0.6}         \AddToShipoutPicture{         \setlength{\unitlength}{1cm}         \put(0.3,1){         \includegraphics{isas-watermark.pdf}}         }         \pagestyle{empty}                   \vspace{-1cm}         \fontfamily{phv}\fontseries{b}\color{covertextblue}         \fontshape{sl}         \begin{center}           ~\\[1cm]           \fontsize{25}{30}\selectfont           \@eventtype\\           \fontsize{34}{43}\selectfont           \@seminartitle\\           \fontsize{25}{30}\selectfont           \@date\\         \end{center}              \fontseries{m}%         \fontshape{n}         \fontsize{25}{30}         \color{covertextblue}         \selectfont         \begin{center}           \rotatebox[origin=c,units=360]{30}{             \hspace{-2.3cm}             \setlength{\fboxrule}{2pt}             \fbox{               \begin{minipage}{20cm}                 \centering                 \@author\\                 \@title               \end{minipage}             }             \setlength{\fboxrule}{1pt}           }         \end{center}         \vspace{2cm}              \clearpage         \ClearShipoutPicture         \pagecolor{white}         \parbox{16cm}{}         \clearpage         \pagestyle{empty}       }     }     \ProcessOptions\relax          %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%     %%           Main declarations     %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%     \LoadClass[twoside]{article}          \setlength{\parindent}{0em}     \setlength{\parskip}{1.5ex plus0.5ex minus0.2ex}     \renewcommand{\baselinestretch}{1.2}          \setlength{\fboxrule}{1pt}     \setlength{\fboxsep}{3mm}          \clubpenalty=100000     \widowpenalty=1000000     \brokenpenalty=1000000     \finalhyphendemerits=1000000               \renewcommand{\normalsize}{\fontsize{12pt}{14pt}\selectfont}     \RequirePackage[a4paper,hmargin=2cm,vmargin=1.5cm,includeheadfoot]{geometry}     \RequirePackage{ngerman}     \RequirePackage{fancyhdr}     \RequirePackage[pdftex,hypertexnames=false,colorlinks,linkcolor=black,citecolor=black]{hyperref}     \pagestyle{fancy}     \fancyhead[OR,EL]{\sffamily\footnotesize  Intelligente Sensor-Aktor-Systeme (ISAS), Universit\"at Karlsruhe}     \fancyhead[OL,ER]{\sffamily\footnotesize \@eventtype ~ \@seminartitle}     \fancyfoot[OR,EL]{\sffamily\small\thepage}     \fancyfoot[OC,EC]{\sffamily\footnotesize ISAS.uni-karlsruhe.de}     \renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0.1pt}     \renewcommand{\footrulewidth}{0.1pt}          \RequirePackage[pdftex]{graphicx, color}     \RequirePackage{float}     %\RequirePackage[float]{caption2}     \RequirePackage{caption}     \renewcommand*\captionfont{\sffamily}     \renewcommand*\captionlabelfont{\sffamily\bfseries}          \renewcommand{\maketitle}{%       {         \renewcommand{\baselinestretch}{1}         \cover         \fontsize{20}{22}         %\huge         \fontfamily{phv}\fontseries{bx}%       \selectfont\normalcolor       \thispagestyle{empty}       \setcounter{page}{1}       \begin{center}         \@title\\         \fontsize{18}{22}         %\LARGE         \fontfamily{phv}\fontseries{b}%         \fontshape{sl}\selectfont\normalcolor         \vspace{0.5ex}          -- \@eventtype:~\@seminartitle --\\         \vspace{1ex}         \fontsize{16}{19}\fontfamily{phv}\fontseries{m}%         \fontshape{n}\selectfont\normalcolor         \@author\\         \vspace{0.5ex}         \fontsize{14}{17}\fontfamily{phv}\fontseries{m}%         \fontshape{n}\selectfont\normalcolor         \@date\\         \vspace{1ex}       \end{center}}     }          \renewenvironment{abstract}{%       \normalsize       \begin{center}%         {\sffamily\bfseries\normalsize\abstractname}%\vspace{\z@}}%       \end{center}%       \quotation\vspace{-1cm}       {\endquotation}     }               \renewcommand\section{\@startsection{section}{1}{\z@}%                                        {-3.5ex \@plus -1ex \@minus -.2ex}%                                        {2.3ex \@plus.2ex}%                                        {\sffamily\Large\bfseries}}     \renewcommand\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}%                                        {-3.25ex\@plus -1ex \@minus -.2ex}%                                        {1.5ex \@plus .2ex}%                                        {\sffamily\large\bfseries}}     \renewcommand\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}%                                        {-3.25ex\@plus -1ex \@minus -.2ex}%                                        {1.5ex \@plus .2ex}%                                        {\sffamily\normalsize\bfseries}}%     \renewcommand\paragraph{\@startsection{paragraph}{4}{\z@}%                                        {3.25ex \@plus1ex \@minus.2ex}%                                        {-1em}%                                        {\sffamily\normalsize\bfseries}}     \renewcommand\subparagraph{\@startsection{subparagraph}{5}{\parindent}                                        {3.25ex \@plus1ex \@minus .2ex}                                        {-1em}                                        {\sffamily\normalsize\bfseries}}          \def\rv#1{{\mathbf #1}} %Random Variable     \def\vec#1{\underline{#1}} %Vector     \def\rvv#1{{\vec{\rv{#1}}}} %Random Vector     \def\mat#1{{\mathbf #1}} %Matrix     \def\Var{\mathrm{Var}} %Variance     \def\E{\mathrm{E}} %Expectation     \def\Cov{\mathrm{Cov}} %Covariance     \def\IN{\mathrm{I\hspace{-2pt}N}} %Natural Numbers     \def\IR{\mathrm{I\hspace{-2pt}R}} %Real Numbers


title: multline inside an item

text: Is there a way to use a `multline` inside an `\item` element of `enumerate` WITHOUT a new line between the index of list and the formula?                \begin{enumerate}[i.]         \item $checkorder( (\lambda,\lambda,\lambda) ) \triangleq true$         \item \begin{multline*}$$          checkorder( (a,(u,U_1,U_2),(v,V_1,V_2)) ) \triangleq \\          (u = \lambda \vee u \leq_A a) \wedge          (v = \lambda \vee a \leq_A v) \wedge \\          checkorder(U_1) \, \wedge checkorder(U_2) \wedge          checkorder(V_1) \wedge checkorder(V_2)$$          \end{multline*}         \item $checkorder(T) \triangleq false$ negli altri casi      \end{enumerate}      this is what i have: ![http://i.stack.imgur.com/udBX4.png](http://i.stack.imgur.com/udBX4.png) and this is what i would want: ![http://i.stack.imgur.com/2kv8M.png](http://i.stack.imgur.com/2kv8M.png)


title: Draw red box around verse

text: This is a follow-up question to: How to center a verse horizontally I am using the solution given by @Herbert. Is there a way to put a color box around selected few verses I desire?


title: Can texdef be forced to show the full definition for environments?

text: When using `texdef` to learn the definitions of environments sometimes not all the relevant lines are shown. I guess this has do with how the definitions are written. It seems that when environments are defined as               \def\environmentname{A}     \def\endenvironmentname{B}      or as               \def\environmentname{A}     \let\endenvironmentname B      then `texdef` returns only `A` (and not `B`). Is it possible to make `texdef` return both `A` and `B`? This would make sense because someone who wants to look up a definition of an environment would like to know the definition of the whole environment, i.e. both the beginning and the end. For example `texdef -t latex equation` returns               \equation:     macro:->$$\refstepcounter {equation}      when the relevant lines are               \def\equation{$$\refstepcounter{equation}}     \def\endequation{\eqno \hbox{\@eqnnum}$$\@ignoretrue}      Another example is that `texdef -t latex enumerate` returns               \enumerate:     macro:->\ifnum \@enumdepth >\thr@@ \@toodeep \else \advance \@enumdepth \@ne \edef \@enumctr {enum\romannumeral \the \@enumdepth }\expandafter \list \csname label\@enumctr \endcsname {\usecounter \@enumctr \def \makelabel ##1{\hss \llap {##1}}}\fi      when the relevant lines are               \def\enumerate{%       \ifnum \@enumdepth >\thr@@\@toodeep\else         \advance\@enumdepth\@ne         \edef\@enumctr{enum\romannumeral\the\@enumdepth}%           \expandafter           \list             \csname label\@enumctr\endcsname             {\usecounter\@enumctr\def\makelabel##1{\hss\llap{##1}}}%       \fi}     \let\endenumerate =\endlist


title: Is there an EASY step by step guide to installing packages?

text: Im trying to install a package, the one called "mathtools". I am using MikTeX and Texmaker, and the Package Manager does not work, so i need to do it manually. I have downloaded a folder from CTAN and that gave me a folder filled with some files. empheq.dtx, empheq.pdf, mathtools.dtx, mathtools.pdf, mhsetup.dtx, mhsetup.pdf and README. In the README file it says to "run TeX on each dtx file" but i have no idea what this means. Please write a rookiefriendly guide like, open program X, use the button X etc. I won't understand if you just say "well just use TeX on it." I am really bad at this. Hope you can help me, all i want is to use latex but it won't let me.


title: Aligning flowchart with tikz

text: I'm working on some flowcharts for a programming course and have an alignment issue with one of them. Usually lines in a flowchart are directed from one symbol to another. However, I want the line to intersect with another line. My existing TeX file:               \documentclass{article}          \usepackage[margin=1.0in]{geometry}     \usepackage[latin1]{inputenc}     \usepackage{tikz}     \usetikzlibrary{arrows,shapes,positioning}          \begin{document}     \pagestyle{empty}          \tikzstyle{decision}=[diamond, draw, fill=yellow!20,       text width=7em, text badly centered, node distance=3cm,       inner sep=0pt]     \tikzstyle{block}=[rectangle, draw, fill=blue!20,        text width=10em, text badly centered, rounded corners,       minimum height=4em]     \tikzstyle{line}=[draw, very thick, color=black!75, -latex']          \begin{center}     \begin{tikzpicture}[node distance=2cm, auto]       % Place nodes       \node [block] (read_first_integer) {Read first integer};       \node [block, below of=read_first_integer] (read_second_integer)             {Read second integer};       \node [block, below of=read_second_integer] (read_third_integer)             {Read third integer};       \node [block, below of=read_third_integer] (calculate)             {Calculate sum, product, difference};       \node [decision, below of=calculate] (q_first_integer_smallest)             {First integer less than second and third?};       \node [block, on grid=false, below of=q_first_integer_smallest,              node distance=3cm] (first_integer_smallest)             {First integer is smallest};       \node [decision, left of=q_first_integer_smallest,              node distance=4.5cm] (q_second_integer_smallest)             {Second integer less than second and third?};       \node [block, below of=q_second_integer_smallest,              node distance=3cm]             (second_integer_smallest) {Second integer is smallest};       \node [block, left of=q_second_integer_smallest,              node distance=4.5cm] (third_integer_smallest)             {Third integer is smallest};       \node [decision, below of=first_integer_smallest,              node distance=3.5cm] (q_first_integer_largest)             {First integer larger than second and third?};            % Draw edges       \path [line] (read_first_integer) -- (read_second_integer);       \path [line] (read_second_integer) -- (read_third_integer);       \path [line] (read_third_integer) -- (calculate);       \path [line] (calculate) -- (q_first_integer_smallest);       \path [line] (q_first_integer_smallest) -- node [near start]                    {no} (q_second_integer_smallest);       \path [line] (q_first_integer_smallest) -- node [near start]                    {yes} (first_integer_smallest);       \path [line] (q_second_integer_smallest) -- node [near start]                    {no} (third_integer_smallest);       \path [line] (q_second_integer_smallest) -- node [near start]                    {yes} (second_integer_smallest);       \path [line] (first_integer_smallest) -- (q_first_integer_largest);       \path [line] (second_integer_smallest) |- (q_first_integer_largest);       \path [line] (third_integer_smallest) |- (q_first_integer_largest);     \end{tikzpicture}     \end{center}          \end{document}      The result:![enter image description here](http://i.stack.imgur.com/1KznZ.png) I've done the following as a solution and am wondering if there is a simpler way:               \documentclass{article}          \usepackage[margin=0.5in]{geometry}     \usepackage[latin1]{inputenc}     \usepackage{tikz}     \usetikzlibrary{arrows,shapes,positioning}          \begin{document}     \pagestyle{empty}          \tikzstyle{decision}=[diamond, draw, fill=yellow!20,       text width=7em, text badly centered, node distance=3cm,       inner sep=0pt]     \tikzstyle{block}=[rectangle, draw, fill=blue!20,        text width=10em, text badly centered, rounded corners,       minimum height=4em]     \tikzstyle{line}=[draw, very thick, color=black!75, -latex']     \tikzstyle{empty}=[]          \begin{center}     \begin{tikzpicture}[node distance=2cm, auto]       % Place nodes       \node [block] (read_first_integer) {Read first integer};       \node [block, below of=read_first_integer] (read_second_integer)             {Read second integer};       \node [block, below of=read_second_integer] (read_third_integer)             {Read third integer};       \node [block, below of=read_third_integer] (calculate)             {Calculate sum, product, difference};       \node [decision, below of=calculate] (q_first_integer_smallest)             {First integer less than second and third?};       \node [block, on grid=false, below of=q_first_integer_smallest,              node distance=3cm] (first_integer_smallest)             {First integer is smallest};       \node [decision, left of=q_first_integer_smallest,              node distance=4.5cm] (q_second_integer_smallest)             {Second integer less than second and third?};       \node [block, below of=q_second_integer_smallest,              node distance=3cm]             (second_integer_smallest) {Second integer is smallest};       \node [empty, below of=second_integer_smallest, node distance=1.25cm,              inner sep=0pt] (e_second_integer_smallest) {};       \node [block, left of=q_second_integer_smallest,              node distance=4.5cm] (third_integer_smallest)             {Third integer is smallest};       \node [empty, below of=first_integer_smallest, node distance=1.25cm,              inner sep=0pt] (e_first_integer_smallest) {};            \node [decision, below of=first_integer_smallest,              node distance=4cm] (q_first_integer_largest)             {First integer larger than second and third?};       \node [block, below of=q_first_integer_largest,              node distance=3cm] (first_integer_largest)             {First integer is largest};       \node [decision, left of=q_first_integer_largest,              node distance=4.5cm] (q_second_integer_largest)             {Second integer larger than second and third?};       \node [block, below of=q_second_integer_largest,              node distance=3cm] (second_integer_largest)             {Second integer is largest};       \node [empty, below of=second_integer_largest, node distance=2cm,              inner sep=0pt] (e_second_integer_largest) {};       \node [block, left of=q_second_integer_largest,              node distance=4.5cm] (third_integer_largest)             {Third integer is largest};       \node [block, below of=first_integer_largest,              node distance=2cm] (output) {Output results};            % Draw edges       \path [line] (read_first_integer) -- (read_second_integer);       \path [line] (read_second_integer) -- (read_third_integer);       \path [line] (read_third_integer) -- (calculate);       \path [line] (calculate) -- (q_first_integer_smallest);            \path [line] (q_first_integer_smallest) -- node [near start]                    {no} (q_second_integer_smallest);       \path [line] (q_first_integer_smallest) -- node [near start]                    {yes} (first_integer_smallest);       \path [line] (q_second_integer_smallest) -- node [near start]                    {no} (third_integer_smallest);       \path [line] (q_second_integer_smallest) -- node [near start]                    {yes} (second_integer_smallest);       \path [line] (first_integer_smallest) -- (q_first_integer_largest);       \path [line] (second_integer_smallest) -- (e_second_integer_smallest);       \path [line] (third_integer_smallest) |- (e_first_integer_smallest);            \path [line] (q_first_integer_largest) -- node [near start]                    {no} (q_second_integer_largest);       \path [line] (q_first_integer_largest) -- node [near start]                    {yes} (first_integer_largest);       \path [line] (q_second_integer_largest) -- node [near start]                    {no} (third_integer_largest);       \path [line] (q_second_integer_largest) -- node [near start]                    {yes} (second_integer_largest);       \path [line] (first_integer_largest) -- (output);       \path [line] (second_integer_largest) -- (e_second_integer_largest);       \path [line] (third_integer_largest) |- (output);     \end{tikzpicture}     \end{center}          \end{document}      The result:![enter image description here](http://i.stack.imgur.com/BwZFX.png) And, why is the line between "First integer larger than second and third?" and "first integer is largest" so small?


title: Crop image using pdfcrop (has footer item)

text: I'm trying to crop the following image and I'd like to use pdfcrop to do it. The footer causes a problem though. So I did something like this `pdfcrop --margin '0 0 0 -50' CircuitSimulation.pdf` and then running pdfcrop again, but it didn't work. Are there any ways I can get pdfcrop to crop it automatically? ![image](http://i.stack.imgur.com/UHCUg.jpg)


title: Can I get the line number for a definition from texdef?

text: With `texdef` it is easy to find definitions for (La)TeX commands. It can show what a definition for a given command is and also in what file it is to be found. Sometimes it would be convenient to also learn the line number for the definition it shows. Is this possible with `texdef`? Take for instance `\section`. `texdef -t latex -F section` returns               \section first defined in "/usr/local/texlive/2011/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/article.cls".          \section:     \long macro:->\@startsection {section}{1}{\z@ }{-3.5ex \@plus -1ex \@minus -.2ex}{2.3ex \@plus .2ex}{\normalfont \Large \bfseries }      For ease of getting to the definition of `\section` in article.cls it would be convenient to get the line number to where the definition starts so that I may open the file in an editor and go to that line number instead of having to search the file.


title: Filling complex figures with color

text: I wonder if there is any method available in LaTeX to fill complex figures. There are few methods for filling figures: **even-odd rule algorithm** , **winding number algorithm**. According to these algorithms, the figure can be filled for particular regions. For instance: ![enter image description here](http://i.stack.imgur.com/F8lyi.png) Please see this for a reference. Suppose we have some complex figure, e.g. self-crossing polygon, is that possible to fill it with some of above mentioned algorithms?


title: Showing only specific lines using the listings package

text: I am very new to TeX. My source code is in an external file, let's call it `source.java`, and I use `\lstinputlisting{source.java}`.   1. How could I use only the lines 3-5 for my code listing? (and not the whole file?)   2. How could I use only specific lines, e.g., line {1,3,7,12} in the code listing? (I would use this last example only to show the important lines while I still have a running program in `source.java`.)   3. Could I do the same with the `minted` package?


title: TikZ to PDF from the command line

text: I am generating TikZ files using figures from MATLAB (using a MATLAB function from the stack exchange). I then open these files using TikzEdt, and generate the PDF file. Is there a way to make it automatically, that is to say, using some commands, generate the PDF file?


title: Setting margin for \thanks footnote

text: I can use               \setlength{\footnotemargin}{15pt}      to indent a footnote. How do I indent `\thanks` the same way? MWE:                   \documentclass[11pt]{article}              \usepackage{setspace} % Allows linespacing changes (see \onehalfspace)         \usepackage{xltxtra} % For OpenType fonts         \usepackage{titlesec} % For setting Section heading font         \usepackage{titling} % For setting Title font         \usepackage{hyperref} % For hyperlinking the Table of Contents         \usepackage{adforn} % For ornaments         \usepackage[hang, flushmargin]{footmisc} % For removing the stupid footnote indents         \usepackage{easylist} % For better list environments         \usepackage{enumitem} % An alternative list environment              \begin{document}         \title{Hello World}         \author{Author Name\thanks{Thanks to the dog!}}         \date{10 September 2013}         \setlength{\footnotemargin}{15pt}         \maketitle         \onehalfspace         \input{Text.tex}         \end{document}


title: How can I pass underscore to \newcommand properly?

text: I'd like to simplify my code appendix with this command definition:               \usepackage{listings}     % ...     \newcommand{\CodeListing}[1]{%         \lstinputlisting[caption=#1]{#1}%     }      That is, the caption should be the file name. However, the caption argument and the file name argument seem to handle underscores differently. For the former, I need to escape them (`\_`), but for the latter, non-escaped underscores work fine. How can I solve this problem, if I only want to pass the file name once?               ! Package Listings Error: File `spt2/my\T1\textunderscorefile(.m)' not found.      Here is a minimal example:               \documentclass[a4paper]{scrreprt}     \usepackage{listings}     \begin{document}     \newcommand{\codelst}[1]{         \lstinputlisting[caption=#1]{#1}     }     \codelst{/home/tim/projekt/matlab/path/save\_plot\_as.m}     \end{document}      which works fine for underscore-less paths.


title: What is wrong with cyrillic package?

text: I downloaded `cyrillic` package and installed it into `/opt/local/share/texmf/tex/latex/cyrillic`. I did `latex cyrlatex.ins`, and then `texhash`. Now this is my document:               \documentclass{article}     \usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}     \usepackage[T2A]{fontenc}     \begin{document}     This text is in Russian: проверка.     \end{document}      This is what I see:               This is pdfTeX, Version 3.1415926-1.40.10 (TeX Live/MacPorts 2009_6)     entering extended mode     (./x.tex     LaTeX2e <2009/09/24>     Babel <v3.8l> and hyphenation patterns for english, usenglishmax, dumylang, noh     yphenation, loaded.     (/opt/local/share/texmf-texlive-dist/tex/latex/base/article.cls     Document Class: article 2007/10/19 v1.4h Standard LaTeX document class     (/opt/local/share/texmf-texlive-dist/tex/latex/base/size10.clo))     (/opt/local/share/texmf-texlive-dist/tex/latex/base/inputenc.sty     (/opt/local/share/texmf-texlive-dist/tex/latex/base/utf8.def     (/opt/local/share/texmf-texlive-dist/tex/latex/base/t1enc.dfu)     (/opt/local/share/texmf-texlive-dist/tex/latex/base/ot1enc.dfu)     (/opt/local/share/texmf-texlive-dist/tex/latex/base/omsenc.dfu)))     (/opt/local/share/texmf-texlive-dist/tex/latex/base/fontenc.sty     (/opt/local/share/texmf/tex/latex/cyrillic/t2aenc.def     (/opt/local/share/texmf-texlive-dist/tex/latex/base/t2aenc.dfu))     (/opt/local/share/texmf/tex/latex/cyrillic/t2acmr.fd)     kpathsea: Running mktextfm larm1000     mktextfm: Running mf-nowin -progname=mf \mode:=ljfour; mag:=1; nonstopmode; input larm1000     This is METAFONT, Version 2.718281 (TeX Live/MacPorts 2009_6)               kpathsea: Running mktexmf larm1000     ! I can't find file `larm1000'.     <*> ...ljfour; mag:=1; nonstopmode; input larm1000          Please type another input file name     ! Emergency stop.     <*> ...ljfour; mag:=1; nonstopmode; input larm1000          Transcript written on mfput.log.     grep: larm1000.log: No such file or directory     mktextfm: `mf-nowin -progname=mf \mode:=ljfour; mag:=1; nonstopmode; input larm1000' failed to make larm1000.tfm.     kpathsea: Appending font creation commands to missfont.log.          ! Font T2A/cmr/m/n/10=larm1000 at 10.0pt not loadable: Metric (TFM) file not fo     und.     <to be read again>                         relax      l.100 \fontencoding\encodingdefault\selectfont          ?       What this all is about? What is missed?