TigreGotico/portuguese-unified-pronunciation-lexicon

Portuguese Unified Pronunciation Lexicon

A flat, single-row-per-pronunciation dataset merging Portuguese IPA transcriptions from three authoritative sources. Each row is a word × region × POS tuple with both broad phonemic (ipa_broad) and narrow phonetic (ipa_narrow) transcriptions normalized across sources.

Source	Words	Convention	Description
Infopédia (Porto Editora)	102,685	Broad phonemic	European Portuguese dictionary IPA
Wiktionary (pt.wiktionary.org)	15,720	Mixed	Multi-region IPA + X-SAMPA
Portal da Língua Portuguesa	53,349	Narrow phonetic	10-region phonetic lexicon, pipe-delimited phones

Lexicon entries can be searched at: https://www.portaldalinguaportuguesa.org/index.php?action=fonetica&act=list

Dataset Stats

• Total rows: 535,918
• Unique words: 121,938
• With POS: 375,935 rows (70%); empty pos means identical IPA across all POS
• With X-SAMPA: 1,672 rows (0.3%); 23 of those (22 words) have X-SAMPA but no IPA
• Broad ≠ narrow: 378,918 rows (71% — systematic convention mapping, not real disagreement)
• Sub-region rows: 367,149 (69%); all differ from their parent region — 572 redundant sub=parent rows collapsed
• pt (pan-Portuguese): 941 rows — words where the lexicon declares all regions identical (199) or Wiktionary provides no region qualifier (745)
• Regions: 16

Source Overlap (words)

Sources combined	Words
infopedia + lexicon + wiktionary	10,570
infopedia + lexicon	25,625
infopedia + wiktionary	964
lexicon + wiktionary	2,084
infopedia only	65,526
lexicon only	15,067
wiktionary only	2,102

Words appearing in multiple sources have their URLs merged into the same row where the IPA is identical; where the IPA differs between sources (typically due to transcription conventions), they remain separate rows.

IPA Convention Differences

The three sources use different transcription conventions. On the 36,039 words shared between infopedia and lexicon, 76% differ in raw IPA — but this is systematic convention mapping:

Pattern	Count	Cause
ə → ɨ	12,989	Infopedia marks optional schwa (ə), lexicon writes explicit ɨ
r → ɾ/ʀ	7,977	Infopedia uses broad /r/, lexicon distinguishes /ɾ/ vs /ʀ/
a → ɐ	7,875	Both mark vowel reduction; infopedia uses /a/, lexicon uses /ɐ/
e → ɨ	3,623	Unstressed e — infopedia uses /e///ə/, lexicon uses /ɨ/

ipa_broad and ipa_narrow normalize across these conventions.

Schema (flat, one row per pronunciation)

{
  "word": "casa",
  "region": "pt-PT",
  "ipa_broad": "ˈkaza",
  "ipa_narrow": "ˈkazɐ",
  "x_sampa": "",
  "phones": "",
  "syllables": "ca.sa",
  "pos": "NOUN",
  "wiktionary_url": "",
  "infopedia_url": "https://www.infopedia.pt/dicionarios/lingua-portuguesa/casa"
}

Column	Type	Description
word	string	Headword
region	string	BCP-47 tag
ipa_broad	string	Normalized broad phonemic (a, e, r, l)
ipa_narrow	string	Normalized narrow phonetic (ɐ, ɨ, ɾ, ʀ, ɫ)
x_sampa	string	X-SAMPA (wiktionary)
phones	string	Pipe-delimited phone sequence (lexicon)
syllables	string	Syllable boundaries (dots from infopedia, pipes from lexicon)
pos	string	Normalized POS — NOUN, VERB, ADJ, ADV, PRON, NUM, DET, ADP, INTJ, CONJ, SCONJ, ABBR, SUFF, PREF, CONTR, EXPR, SYM; or empty when identical across all POS
wiktionary_url	string	Wiktionary page URL
infopedia_url	string	Infopédia page URL

Source is encoded implicitly by the URL columns. Multi-source rows (where the same IPA appears in multiple sources) have both URLs populated.

Broad vs Narrow Normalization

Feature	ipa_narrow	ipa_broad
Unstressed 'a'	ɐ	a
Unstressed 'e'	ɨ	e
Alveolar tap	ɾ	r
Uvular/trill rhotic	ʀ, ʁ	r
Velarized 'l'	ɫ	l
Optional segments	(removed)	(removed)
Syllable markers	(removed)	(removed)

Region Tag Convention

BCP-47 extended with -x- for sub-regions.

Region	Rows
pt-PT	111,027
pt-MZ-x-maputo	95,526
pt-BR-x-saopaulo	91,909
pt-BR-x-riodejaneiro	63,796
pt-PT-x-lisboa	62,498
pt-TL-x-dili	53,228
pt-AO	53,225
pt-BR	3,573
pt (all dialects identical)	941
pt-BR-x-carioca	113
pt-BR-x-caipira	31
pt-BR-x-paulistano	26
pt-BR-x-paulista	21
Other	4

Usage

from datasets import load_dataset

ds = load_dataset("TigreGotico/portuguese-unified-pronunciation-lexicon", split="train")

# European Portuguese nouns from infopedia
pt_nouns = ds.filter(
    lambda r: (r["pos"] == "NOUN")
    & (r["region"] == "pt-PT")
    & (r["infopedia_url"] != "")
)
print(f"pt-PT nouns: {len(pt_nouns)} rows")

# All variants for one word
casa = ds.filter(lambda r: r["word"] == "casa")
for row in casa:
    print(f"  {row['region']:22} {row['pos']:6} {row['ipa_broad']}")

# Brazilian Portuguese verbs from the lexicon (no URL columns populated)
br_verbs = ds.filter(
    lambda r: (r["pos"] == "VERB")
    & (r["region"].str.startswith("pt-BR"))
    & (r["phones"] != "")
)

Related Datasets

• TigreGotico/infopedia-pt-ipa
• TigreGotico/wiktionary-pt-ipa
• TigreGotico/portuguese_phonetic_lexicon
• TigreGotico/infopedia-pt-heterophones