text:
|Número de publicación||US7243653 B2|
|Tipo de publicación||Concesión|
|Número de solicitud||US 10/455,929|
|Fecha de publicación||17 Jul 2007|
|Fecha de presentación||6 Jun 2003|
|Fecha de prioridad||6 Jun 2003|
|También publicado como||CA2528004A1, EP1635898A2, EP1635898A4, US20060081253, WO2004108187A2, WO2004108187A3|
|Número de publicación||10455929, 455929, US 7243653 B2, US 7243653B2, US-B2-7243653, US7243653 B2, US7243653B2|
|Inventores||Lindsey A. Nelson|
|Cesionario original||Radlyn Llc|
|Exportar cita||BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan|
|Citas de patentes (30), Citada por (20), Clasificaciones (15), Eventos legales (6)|
|Enlaces externos: USPTO, Cesión de USPTO, Espacenet|
This invention relates to an intubation tube and more particularly, to a new and improved intubation device having a stylet for use in placing an endotracheal tube into the trachea of a patient.
Intubation devices, such as oral-endotracheal tubes, are utilized in a wide variety of medical situations to provide an unobstructed conduit to a patient's trachea in which oxygen, medications and therapies can be passed. In most situations in which medical attention is needed, medical personnel will first determine the ability of the patient to maintain their airway. Often these emergent evaluations are performed by individuals having inadequate training and knowledge in airway management. The inability to secure an airway and provide a route of ventilation in someone whose airway is threatened, compromised, or obstructed can quickly result in irreversible brain damage and death.
Placement of an intubation device, such as an endotracheal tube, into the tracheobronchial tree of a patient is accessed via the nasal or oral opening. In a few select situations nasal intubation is indicated, however, the vast majority of airways are secured via the oraltracheal route. Placement of an endotracheal tube, however, is often found to be a difficult procedure, even by well-trained, experienced personnel. This difficulty can be attributed to the anatomical variations or the encountered situation in which the airway needs to be secured. Further, during the process of placing an endotracheal tube into the trachea of a patient, it is not uncommon that only minimal visualization of the laryngeal anatomy can be obtained thereby increasing the chances that esophageal intubation can occur. Thus, the ability to “blindly” place an endotracheal tube properly into the trachea of a patient is directly proportional to the medical personnel's experience and the availability of additional intubation devices available.
Endotracheal tubes are generally formed of soft, pliable plastic materials that increase in plasticity in the warm humidified air encountered when passing through the hypopharynx, thereby increasing the difficulty of placing an endotracheal tube through the glottic opening even under the most optimal visualization. Making the endotracheal tube out of a stiffer material, however, is not an acceptable alternative because it would cause excessive trauma to the nasal or throat tissue as the laryngeal and surrounding mucosa is extremely sensitive to manipulation. This can result in significant swelling and decreased visualization, which prevents or hinders oral tracheal intubation thereby placing the patient's life in great jeopardy. To overcome this problem, intubation devices often have a removable stylet made out of a somewhat malleable material that is telescopically placed within the endotracheal tube and has a sufficient amount of stiffness in order to maintain the tubes desired contour and to aid in tracheal intubation.
The stylet, which has gained the most acceptances for oral intubation, is a “pre-bend” stylet made of a rigid, malleable material such as rubber or plastic coated metal. Typically, during the intubation process, the medical personnel performing the process inserts the stylet into the endotracheal tube and folds one end of the stylet around the outboard end of the tube. The tube and the stylet are then molded to approximately conform to what is believed to be the route of passage to the laryngeal inlet. With the help of a laryngoscope, the medical personnel inserts the stylet and the endotracheal tube into the patient's mouth and hypopharynx until it reaches the patient's trachea. If needed, after visualizing the hypopharynx, the tube and stylet can be removed and the contour adjusted if necessary. Unfortunately, it is difficult for medical personnel, even after extensive training, to predetermine the proper contour that the endotracheal tube should be molded to for placement into the patient's trachea. Accordingly, it is not uncommon to fail in the first attempt to intubate the patient. In such an event, medical personnel must then remove the tube and the stylet from the patient, adjust their contour, re-ventilate the patient, and reinsert the now adjusted tube and stylet into the patient. Such removal and reinsertion of the endotracheal tube and stylet results in valuable time lost and may also result in damage to the patient's soft airway tissue thereby significantly increasing the likelihood of loss of visualization of the laryngeal anatomy and the time for oxygen delivery. Further, sterility of the endotracheal tube may be sacrificed when the user grasps the stylet to rebend the stylet into the proper contour.
In order to overcome some of the problems encountered with such intubation devices, mechanical guides have been developed to assist intubation of endotracheal tubes. It has been found that such mechanical guides are typically difficult to manipulate with one hand and do not allow for delicate control or provide the proper sensitivity necessary to intubate a patient quickly with a minimum amount of trauma to sensitive tissue. Accordingly, such mechanical guides have not met with widespread commercial success or recognition in the medical field and the malleable or “prebend” stylet is still the predominate oral intubation aid used. Further, such guides are also typically formed from materials that are sufficiently rigid to maintain a desired contour. Accordingly, such guides have been found to cause trauma to sensitive tissue.
It is therefore desirable to have an intubation device that can be quickly and easily inserted to form an unobstructed conduit to a patient's trachea in which oxygen, medications and therapies can be passed, that reduces the likelihood of trauma to the sensitive nasal or throat tissue of the laryngeal and surrounding mucosa, that reduces the chances of compromising the sterility of the device, and which can be relatively inexpensive to manufacture.
The present invention is a method of performing endotracheal intubation and new and novel intubation device for performing the method. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the intubation device for use in medical intubation comprises an endotracheal tube having a forward open end and a rearward open end and an inner bore there between. The endotracheal tube is provided with a fitting having a neck portion for inserting longitudinally within the rearward open end and an adaptor for connecting to a respirator or other ventilating apparatus. A stylet is slidably and telescopingly positioned within the inner bore and includes a proximal end that extends outwardly from the rearward open end and adaptor and a distal end having a longitudinally extending soft and semi-flexible guide portion. The stylet is adapted to slide or move outwardly from the forward open end of the endotracheal tube such that during insertion of the endotracheal tube the guide portion moves towards the larynx until it is positioned within the trachea. Thereafter, the endotracheal tube telescopingly slides or moves forwardly over the stylet and guide portion which operates to direct the endotracheal tube into proper position within the trachea. The stylet can then be removed by withdrawing the stylet rearwardly out through the rearward open end of the endotracheal tube and fitting. The endotracheal tube can then be attached to a respirator or other ventilating apparatus using the adaptor.
In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the endotracheal tube is provided with an inflatable bladder or balloon that when inflated prevents ventilation gas flowing through the endotracheal tube from escaping outwardly from the trachea.
In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the stylet is formed from a semi-flexible metal rod or wire.
In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the semi-flexible metal rod is formed from copper.
In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the metal rod is coated by a soft and pliable plastic, such as a polyethylene material.
In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the stylet is tapered to minimize the lip formed between the forward open end of the endotracheal tube and the stylet.
In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the forward open end of the endotracheal tube includes a cuff to minimize the lip formed between the forward end of the endotracheal tube and the stylet.
In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the endotracheal tube includes an inner sleeve adapted for receiving stylet to permit the endotracheal tube and stylet to be bent into a desired contour with greater unity.
In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the intubation device of the present application further comprises means for inducing curvature to the endotracheal tube and stylet.
In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the stylet includes a longitudinally extending hollow core having a proximal open end and a distal open end adapted to connect to a standard oxygen supply.
In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the stylet includes a chemiluminesent light effective for aiding in the intubation of the patient.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention the method of performing endotracheal intubation of a patient, the method comprises the steps of first inserting an endotracheal tube and a stylet of an intubation device through the mouth of a patient and down the throat towards the larynx. The stylet is then slid or moved outwardly from the endotracheal tube such that the soft and semi-flexible guide portion of the stylet enters the trachea. The stylet then operates to direct the endotracheal tube into proper position within the trachea. The stylet is then removed out through the rearward open end of the endotracheal tube and the endotracheal tube is then attached to a respirator or other ventilating apparatus.
In another preferred embodiment of the invention the curvature of the stylet is adjusted to a desired contour for insertion into the trachea of the patient.
In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the stylet having a chemiluminesent light is bent to activate the chemiluminesent light.
In another preferred embodiment of the invention, an inflatable bladder or balloon is inflated to prevent ventilation gas from flowing through the endotracheal tube from escaping outwardly from the trachea.
Other advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following description, the accompanying drawings and the appended claims.
To provide a more complete understanding of the present invention and further features and advantages thereof, reference is now made to the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
The present invention relates to a method of performing endotracheal intubation and a new and novel intubation device for performing the method. In describing the preferred embodiments of the invention illustrated in the drawings, specific terminology will be resorted to for the sake of clarity. However, the invention is not intended to be limited to the specific terms so selected, and it is to be understood that each specific term includes all technical equivalents that operate in a similar manner to accomplish a similar purpose.
For purposes of the description of the present invention, the terms “forward” and “forwardly” are intended to refer to the direction towards the patient receiving the intubation device, whereas the terms “rear” and “rearwardly” are intended to refer to the direction away from the patient receiving the intubation device.
The rearward open end 104 of the endotracheal tube 102 is provided with a fitting 118 having a neck portion 120 for inserting longitudinally within the rearward open end 104 and an adaptor 122 for connecting to a respirator or other ventilating apparatus or oxygen supply, anesthesia supply, or some other medical gas supply.
Once the endotracheal tube 102 is in position within the trachea 12, air is injected through the flow valve 116, such as by a syringe, to inflate the bladder 110 (step 5). The inflated bladder 110 then operates to provide a seal to eliminate any gas that is being supplied by the endotracheal tube 102 from passing back out through the larynx 10. Medical personnel can then remove the stylet 124 (step 6) by retracting the guide portion 128 rearwardly out through the larynx 10 and out through the rearward open end 104 and fitting 118. The endotracheal tube 102 can then be connected using the adaptor 122 to a respirator or other ventilating apparatus or oxygen supply, an anesthesia supply, or some other medical gas supply. After use, the endotracheal tube 102 can be removed by first releasing air from the bladder 110 by opening the flow valve 116 and slowly withdrawing the endotracheal tube 102. The intubation device 100 is disposable and can be discarded after use.
It should be understood that the endotracheal tube 102 and stylet 124 can have a predetermined curvature to aide in the easy and quick insertion of the intubation device 100. For example, as shown in
Referring now to
It should now be apparent to those skilled in the art that the intubation device of the present application can be easily adapted to accommodate other various mechanisms known in the art to aide in intubation of a patient. One such mechanism is shown and described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,259,377 and is incorporated herein by reference whereby the intubation device includes a mechanism comprising a flexible member positioned within the endotracheal tube that is operated by a handle means for inducing curvature to the endotracheal tube and stylet. Another such mechanism is shown and described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,539,942 and is incorporated herein by reference whereby a control wire and handgrip is provided to curve the endotracheal tube and stylet. It should be understood, however, that mechanisms for aiding in inducing curvature of the endotracheal tube and stylet are not limited to the above examples. In another preferred embodiment of the method of the present application, once the endotracheal tube 102 has been partially inserted into the air passageway of the patient P, if medical personnel find that the endotracheal tube 102 and stylet 124 do not have the proper contour, they can be adjusted into the desired contour by the adjustment mechanism. It should also be understood that the endotracheal tube 102 can remain inserted into the air passageway of the patient P and the stylet 124 removed and its contour adjusted into a desired configuration and reinserted back into the endotracheal tube 102 to adjust its contour into the desired configuration.
While the intubation device and method of the present invention has been shown and described as being inserted into the patient's air pathway by way of the mouth, it should now be understood that the intubation device may also be inserted through the nose of the patient.
It should now be apparent to those skilled in the art that the intubation device of the present application can be quickly and easily inserted to form an unobstructed conduit to a patient's trachea in which oxygen, medications and therapies can be passed. It should also now be apparent to those skilled in the art that the intubation device eliminates or reduces the problems typically associated with inducers having conventional metal stylets or the like because of the soft, flexible and malleable guide portion that reduces the likelihood of trauma to the sensitive throat tissue. It should also now be apparent to those skilled in the art that the intubation device of the present invention minimizes the lip formed between the endotracheal tube and the stylet thereby reducing the likelihood of trauma to sensitive tissue. In addition, the intubation device of the present application reduces the chances of compromising the sterility of the device, and which can be relatively inexpensive to manufacture. It should also now be apparent to those skilled in the art that the intubation device is relatively easy to manipulate with one hand and allows for delicate control and sensitivity necessary to intubate a patient quickly with a minimum amount of trauma to sensitive tissue.
Although the foregoing invention has been described in some detail for purposes of clarity of understandings, it will be apparent that certain changes and modifications may be practiced within the scope of the appended claims. Furthermore, it should be noted that there are alternative ways of implementing both the method and article for implementing the method of the present invention. Accordingly, the present embodiments and examples are to be considered as illustrative and not restrictive, and the invention is not to be limited to the details given herein, but may be modified within the scope and equivalents of the appended claims.
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|US3957055||23 Sep 1974||18 May 1976||Linder Gerald S||Catheter guide|
|US3996939 *||22 Jul 1975||14 Dic 1976||National Catheter Corporation||Intubation stylets|
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|Patente citante||Fecha de presentación||Fecha de publicación||Solicitante||Título|
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|US9095286||9 Dic 2013||4 Ago 2015||Endoclear Llc||Body-inserted tube cleaning|
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|US9332891||16 Sep 2013||10 May 2016||Endoclear Llc||Tracheostomy visualization|
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|Clasificación de EE.UU.||128/207.14, 128/200.26|
|Clasificación internacional||A61M16/00, A61M5/00, A61M11/00, A61M, A61M5/178, A61M16/04|
|Clasificación cooperativa||A61M16/0427, A61M16/0418, A61M16/0434, A61M16/04, A61M16/0488, A61M2205/587|
|21 Feb 2011||REMI||Maintenance fee reminder mailed|
|6 Jul 2011||SULP||Surcharge for late payment|
|6 Jul 2011||FPAY||Fee payment|
Year of fee payment: 4
|27 Feb 2015||REMI||Maintenance fee reminder mailed|
|17 Jul 2015||LAPS||Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees|
|8 Sep 2015||FP||Expired due to failure to pay maintenance fee|
Effective date: 20150717


text:
A funeral for the "golden age of Gutenberg" imagined by the Spanish novelist Enrique Vila-Matas joins novels from South Africa, the Netherlands, Argentina, Croatia and Albania on the shortlist for the Independent foreign fiction prize.
Vila-Matas's Dublinesque, which follows a Catalan publisher as he travels to Dublin in the age of the internet to give literary culture its last rites, will compete with a formidable lineup of titles for the £10,000 prize, won in the past by giants of international literature Milan Kundera and WG Sebald. This year, Man Booker International prize winner Ismail Kadare is shortlisted for The Fall of the Stone City, in which German soldiers advance on the Albanian city of Gjirokastër in 1943, and the €100,000 Impac prize winner Gerbrand Bakker for The Detour, in which a woman retreats to Wales after an extramarital affair.
The Independent prize is for the book's author and its translator, with Vila-Matas's book translated from the Spanish by Rosalind Harvey and Anne McLean, Kadare's from the Albanian by John Hodgson, and Bakker's from the Dutch by David Colmer.
The award-winning Turkish novelist Elif Shafak, one of this year's judges, said the shortlist of six titles "reflects a mesmerising diversity of styles, genres and languages around the globe".
"What is common in all is the mellifluousness of the writing and the translation together, a boundless imagination, an eloquent prose and the ability to reach out to people across boundaries – be they national, religious, class or sexual," she said.
South African novelist and playwright Chris Barnard was picked for Bundu, in which drought forces hundreds of people to take refuge in a forgotten outpost, and Croatian author Daša Drndić for Trieste, in which an old woman waits to be reunited with the son who was fathered by an SS officer and stolen from her 62 years ago.
Argentinian writer Andrés Neuman, one of Granta's best young Spanish language novelists, was shortlisted for the epic Traveller of the Century – an apt choice for a prize rewarding literature in translation, as it deals with an affair between two literary translators, who together "build a language of understanding as they work to translate European poetry".
"In a world where a deeper cross-cultural understanding is a rarity and literature in translation is still not generating the interest it deserves, the Independent foreign fiction prize swims against the tide," said Shafak. "Right from the beginning it was a beautiful challenge to be on the judging panel."
The winner of the award will be announced on 20 May, with the winning author and translator to split the £10,000 equally. "This formidable shortlist highlights the richness and variety of fiction from across the globe, which readers here can enjoy and explore thanks to translators' incredible skill," said Arts Council England director of literature strategy Antonia Byatt. "We want readers to have access to the best of world fiction, in particular from languages and literatures under-represented in English. This shortlist encapsulates the excitement of looking outwards and discovering new and different voices."
Bundu by Chris Barnard, translated from the Afrikaans by Michiel Heyns (Alma Books)
The Detour by Gerbrand Bakker, translated from the Dutch by David Colmer (Harvill Secker)
Dublinesque by Enrique Vila-Matas, translated from the Spanish by Rosalind Harvey and Anne McLean (Harvill Secker)
The Fall of the Stone City by Ismail Kadare, translated from the Albanian by John Hodgson (Canongate)
Traveller of the Century by Andrés Neuman, translated from the Spanish by Nick Caistor and Lorenza Garcia (Pushkin Press)
Trieste by Daša Drndić, translated from the Croatian by Ellen Elias-Bursać (Maclehose Press)

domain: artistic


text:
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domain: design


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Los Alamos County, New Mexico
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domain: history


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domain: geography


text:
Tags electro house, kaskade, house, summer, sun
Genres house, electronic, dance, trance, progressive house (beta)
(flag as incorrect)
Artists Nadia Ali, Martin Solveig, Moby (beta)
February 21, 2012
A mix of electro house and similar genres to get you through the doldrums of winter and thinking forward to the summer months. Mix features Kaskade, Arty, Bingo Players, and music similar to these artists.
I can't believe I just started listening to this mix now. So damn good. Thanks!
Bingo Players... love this already :D
do you have the playlist ?
Ride Out Music by j novs
The old-school rap tracks you cant help but roll down your windows, drive the car with your wrist, and listen to on full blast before your Saturday nig...
rap, hip hop, rap & hip hop, hip-hop, beats
I need my beats hood. by j novs
A mix of the dankest rap beats that are new and old that you can't help but bump your head to and that make you act hood.
hip hop, rap & hip hop, rap
Make the Gym Your Bitch by j novs
A mix for when you need those dirty electro beats to get out of your mind and get you to push your limits.
workout, electro, rage, dubstep, total domination
Essential New House by j novs
Some new house anthems we will be hearing for awhile.
house, edm, new music, party, dance


text:
When the Supreme Court meets at the end of June, one of the cases that they will hear is King V. Burwell, which will decide the fate of the Affordable Care Act, the key legislation of President Obama, and his signature legacy after he leaves office. But, Republican opposition is old news, and the Act has been under their attack from almost its inception, who have branded it with almost every negative label possible, joined by a public that never really understood it, and simply decided that it was bad legislation that had to be jettisoned. Now, after several legal hurdles, it has reached the Court for its final challenge.
The Act — colloquially known as Obamacare – mandates that all Americans must have healthcare, and is predicated on subsidies so that people without employer provided coverage, or government means tested programs such as Medicaid, or Medicare, can be covered, despite low incomes; making health care, and most of all, preventable care, a reality. A short reading of the law stipulates that those subsidies can be given, or be made available, only in those states that have established their own marketplaces, not those created by the federal government. Currently, only 13 states and the District of Columbia have their own.
Already, the coalitions are forming and people are taking their positions before the justices can finish reading their briefs. In one corner is the Obama administration that says that the whole problem can be solved if Congress would change the wording of the law and delete the reference limiting it to states that establish their own marketplaces, and include all, plus those who use the federal exchanges to shop for coverage. He also said, “If somebody does something that doesn’t make any sense, then, it’s hard … to fix,” suggesting that an alignment between the Court and his Republican opposition leaves him no wiggle room. But, critics charge that the president has also not revealed any contingency plans that he might have created.
The Republicans say that this change will never happen: “Let’s be clear: If the Supreme Court rules against the administration, Congress will not pass a so-called one-sentence’ fake fix,” said Sen. John Barrasso (R-Wyo.), who has been working on a Republican response to the case. “Republicans didn’t create the ongoing mess,” reported the Los Angeles Times a week ago.
A Washington Post/ABC News poll found that a majority of the American public does not want the subsidies blocked for people in states without their own exchanges: “55 percent, does not want the court to block federal subsidies for people in states that have not set up their own exchanges. Only 38 percent said they wanted the subsidies ended,” reported The Hill .
Only California, and 12 other states, plus the District of Columbia, have their own exchanges, and for other states to do so would be next to impossible, and would require states to collect fees from insurance companies, and also pay the feds for use of their website, healthcare.gov, a prospect that seasoned observers and politicians say is not feasible in the current partisan climate.
Oregon, Nevada and New Mexico have their own marketplace, and use the federal website to allow consumers to purchase health plans. Depending on how the Court writes its ruling, that approach could protect their residents. But, for those states that would like to establish their own, the cost would be prohibitive, as their predecessors used $4 billion dollars in federal aid. Approval would also be contingent on gubernatorial assent and with most state legislatures controlled by the GOP, an enormous barrier exists, and that, plus a lengthy process, makes creation nearly impossible.
In December the Illinois legislature refrained from even considering legislation to create a marketplace, and now with the election of Republican governor, Bruce Rauner, it seems unlikely that the subject could even be broached as he battles the Democrats for dominance over a budget for the upcoming fiscal year.
If the Supreme Court does invalidate the subsidies, the result will be 6.4 million people without health care. And, those affected the most, will be middle and low-income people, who do not have employer provided health insurance. As Christopher Hansen, president of the American Cancer Society’s Cancer Action Network remarked, “The consequences of losing the financial assistance that makes health insurance affordable would be absolutely devastating for low- and middle-income people with a disease such as cancer.”
Weiss Memorial Hospital located in Chicago’s Uptown neighborhood, whose residents have a median income of $50,037, and a low to middle class patient base, making them vulnerable to elimination of the subsidies, refused to comment when asked, and in an emailed statement, Sonja Vogel, director of marketing, said, “We won’t be speculating about the outcome of the case or any potential impact it may have.”
“We are definitely worried, and know that at least 80 percent of our clientbase will be [negatively] affected, and are trying to beef up our federal subsidies, should that happen,” said a well-placed official with a large midwestern social service agency, but declined to be named because he was not authorized to speak publicly on the pending legislation.
Kellee Terrell, a communications writer for the Howard Brown Health Clinic, a storied health care provider, for Chicago, and one of the nation’s largest LGBT organizations, and a major primary care clinic for Chicago residents, did not respond by publication deadline with a requested statement.
Some states are prepared if the subsidies are removed, but many are not. Only Pennsylvania and Delaware have made contingency plans. The others have Republican governors who are against the Act and oppose any actions to support it. The Times also reported that “groups opposed to Obamacare have pressured state legislatures not to expand health coverage under the law.”
Then there are those Republicans fearing a backlash from the public, and who are hoping that the justices decide in favor of the law, so that they do not have to face the ire of angry constituents who will have lost their healthcare. But, another consequence is that the insurance markets will mostly be in chaos, “and set off a blame game between the Obama administration and congressional Republicans”, noted the Times.
Mitch McConnell,(R-KY) the Senate majority leader, has publicly stated, “We’ll have a plan that makes sense for the American people”, and will allow them “a voice in what our healthcare system will look like.” But, those statements also belie a lack of consensus among he and the working group established to create a counter move.
Recently, Senator Ron Johnson (R-WI) has proposed a solution, if the Court decides against the subsidies, yet most are not new alternatives, except for the extensions through 2017, and, of course, no new enrollees. The others are to repeal the individual and employer mandate; repeal the federal essential health benefits that plans are required to cover under the ACA: and, most of all, according to the Center for American Progress, to “expand the grandfather provision, undermining the ACA’s consumer protections.”
There are “some pre-existing insurance plans that did not meet the ACA’s requirements were temporarily grandfathered in to minimize disruption to enrollees. The Johnson bill would expand this provision, creating a massive loophole around many of the ACA’s consumer protections, including the ban on insurers discriminating against people with pre-existing conditions,” thus in effect gutting the law, concluded the Center in its report.
The Court, at this time, has given no indication as to how it will rule, but for millions of Americans, the potential for loss of basic health care is both real, and apparent.

domain: news


text:
Speaking at the occasion, Director General PNCA, Dr. Muhammad Naeem remarked, “I expected that the residents of Islamabad would come out in throngs to support these young artists; however, due to the heavy rain the attendance in the hall is low.” In his opening remarks, he also announced that at the end of the Drama Festival, awards would be given out for the best play, best actor as well as the best actress. Mr. AfzalLatifi, Mr. Sabir Khan and Mrs. FoziaTahirawill judge the performances and announce the winners on the closing day of the Festival.
Characters mourning the death of the poet
As the lights on stage dimmed and the act began, a poet, stuck under a fallen blackberry tree, could be heard screaming for help. A passer-by tried to pull him out from under the tree, but failed. Upon spotting an office boy from the nearby government office, the passer-by requested him to get help. In return for a small sum of money, the office boy fetched two officers from his workplace(the nearby government office). While the poet fought for his life, the request for the removal of the tree was passed on from one department to another. After a stretch of time, the permission to remove the tree was obtained, but by then the poet had already passed away.
Presented by a group of students from NUST Business School, the play titled ‘JamunKa Pair’ was based on Krishna Chandar’sshort story known by the same name. Although the play had witty dialogues and a tinge of humor, the theme revolved around the important topic of bureaucratic red tape. Through their performance, the artists evoke the irony of Pakistan’s bureaucratic system that is marred by inefficiency and delays.
Cast of the play (Students from NUST Business School) poses for a picture with the judges and DG PNCA
The next play, ‘Ibtada-e-Ishq’, by the students fromComsats University will be staged on Tuesday, 3rd March 2015.
Click to view picture gallery
Click to view related video
(January 05, 2018)
(January 03, 2018)


text:
The nation of Berk is led by the Overlord, who is voted into the position by the Council for a term of ten years. This council is made up of the hereditary governors of each of the twenty-five regions of Berk. Though each region is unquely governed, all still fall under the authority of the combined Council and Overlord.
Loyalty to one's own community is strong within Berk. Each region has its own economy, and doing one's part to keep the economy strong in order for the community to prosper is what all are taught from a young age. Workers trust the governors to provide for them in exchange, and to put the community's interests into their work on the Council. When this is not what happens, civil unrest often results in a new governor being put in place, though typically from within the same family as the last.
The differences among the regions results in much variation throughout the country in regards to how all aspects of society are viewed, including marriage, childrearing, gender, sexuality, work, religion, and the presence of outsiders. Some regions are also more welcoming of magic than others.
The general public agenda is the continued economic sucess of the community, with all individuals doing their part in that. On a national level, this ideally translates to laws, regulations, and programs that show the country as a whole in a strong international light while supporting the regions that create that image.
Settlements and communities began to form throughout the Second Era. Over time, they began to form alliances and advanced trading partnerships. Near the end of the Second Era, around Year 900, as estimated by historians using the Three-Era Calendar, the regional settlements began looking for a way to oversee their trade in a more standardized way. The governing families began meeting to discuss the idea. Eventually, the Council was formally recognized and the Overlord elected. The capital of Khona was chosen because it was in the center of the country and had already been used for meetings among leaders.
It took several more years for the borders between regions to be settled and for policies to be decided, and there was strife as smaller regions were consolidated into larger ones. Eventually, it was decided that each region was free to govern itself so long as all national regulations were abided by.
Foreign policy was not strong for most of the Councils and Overlords. Due to the long winters in much of Berk, growing seasons are short and more food is always desired. Up until as recently as Third Era, Year 353, Berk was known to steal from or capture towns and cities near its borders in Algoma and Phelin. Though the Alta Mountains form a natural border between Berk and its neighbors, sailing ships along the coast to pass the mountains was a common method of attack. Piracy was also considered a viable career path, with the Council and Overlord turning a blind eye unless Berk pirates attacked other Berk holdings. Three large, fertile islands were also taken between Years 150 and 350. Claimed for Berk, the native populations were decimated until the remaining survivors accepted Berk's rule.
Only the creation of the Alta Pass ended much of Berk's attacks on its neighbors and its pirates were slowly brought under control. On the three islands much debate and conflict had been taking place regarding which region should possess and govern the islands. In the end, two were released back into the possession of the surviving native people, with an enforced trade agreement. The third had been destroyed by overfarming and had already been abandoned after a hundred years of occupation. Tension continues to exist between the remaining islands and Berk.
Demography and Population
The regions of Berk are as varied demographically as they are economically, with some regions being more densely populated or diverse than others.
The firstborn sons of all families are expected to serve five years in the military based in Khona. At the end of five years, they are permitted to leave the military and return home, usually to the expectation of marriage and a place in the economy of their region. Some may choose to remain in the military in Khona. Though the military requires veteran soldiers, there is stigma attached to those who choose not to return home.
1 Bryte = 30 Wyns
1 Wyn = 100 Sparks

domain: politics


text:
Not every movie has big-name actors attached to it, or millions of dollars in funding from a Hollywood studio.
Some films are made for a pittance, with the help of friends and family who want to support the director's idiosyncratic vision.
"Man Underground," which is screening at Proctors at 7 p.m. Thursday, is just such a film.
Filmed in two weeks by 30-year-old co-directors Michael Borowiec, a Niskayuna High School graduate, and Sam Marine, a native of Poughkeepsie, "Man Underground" was shot in and around the Capital Region — mostly in Greene County, but also in Schoharie County, the city of Schenectady and Galway Lake.
It's an example of what you might call microbudget filmmaking — independent, self-financed and made for a pittance — in this case, $45,000.
At a time when the state of New York gives hundreds of millions of dollars in tax breaks to TV and movie producers every year, it's nice to see that it's possible to make a movie without that kind of support.
These smaller, grassroots filmmaking projects don't always get a lot of attention, which is a shame. Quite often, these microbudget films showcase real talent and ingenuity, and also stand as a testament to the fact that anyone can make a film, if they really, really want to.
"With enough determination, you can make something," Borowiec told me.
"Really, anything is possible if you put your mind to it," Marine said. "You need to tailor your goals to your means and resources."
Sam Marine and Michael Borowiec. (Provided)
"Man Underground" is a sci-fi drama about an alien conspiracy theorist, and it has received positive reviews at film festivals and other screenings.
I'm eager to see it — in part because it's fun to watch movies filmed in and around where you live. I also like supporting local artists, and attending the "Man Underground" screening at Proctors is a way to do so.
Most of "Man Underground" was shot at a home in East Durham, a hamlet in Greene County, but sharp-eyed viewers might also recognize Riverside Park in Schenectady, a bike path in the Mont Pleasant neighborhood that runs through a tunnel covered with graffiti and the rolling farmland of Schoharie County.
These local settings are the reason Proctors is screening "Man Underground" as part of its two-night "Location! Location! Location!" program, which highlights films made in upstate New York. On Wednesday, the theater will show "The Night We Met," which was shot in Schroon Lake.
Marine and Borowiec live in Queens, but their filmmaking roots are in upstate New York.
They studied film at SUNY Purchase, and Borowiec credits Niskayuna High School media arts teacher Stephen Honicki with helping him get into the school. In high school, Borowiec made films with fellow students Zach De Sorbo and Logan Olberg; De Sorbo served as composer for "Man Underground," and Olberg was the film's sound mixer.
"I've shot a few different short films and things upstate and a lot of my writing is set upstate," Borowiec said. "I really do enjoy shooting upstate."
Marine and Borowiec both work in the film industry — Marine as a freelance producer and Borowiec as a freelance editor. They are also teaching film at SUNY Purchase this fall.
Both filmmakers will be at Proctors for the screening of "Man Underground."
Filmmakers Michael Borowiec and Sam Marine on the set of their locally shot film, "Man Underground," which will screen at Proctors. Actor George Basil is in the hard hat. (Provided)
They say the film, which is also available on streaming platforms such as Amazon and is expected to receive a DVD release later this year, has already surpassed their expectations.
"It's hard to get any smaller film out to a bigger audience," Marine said.
The best way to address this problem is by supporting smaller films and filmmakers when you have the chance. I like a big-budget comic book movie as much as the next person, but I can see those movies any time. A screening of "Man Underground" is a far rarer event, and it's worth celebrating.


text:
Mystic Aura 3D Keyring (Anne Stokes)
Delivery Time 1-2 days for this product
Delivery £0.00 for this item (Inc. VAT), or FREE if you spend over £20.
Dimensions:5.6 cm x 3.6 cm
Solid metal Keyrings featuring Anne Stoke's artwork with 3d effect images on both sides.
Quality metal key chain and edging.


text:
French firm Saint-Gobain has formally launched a £3.6bn ($6.5bn) hostile bid for UK plasterboard maker BPB.
BPB supplied materials for Malaysia's famous Petronas Towers
The hostile move came after BPB had previously turned down two approaches from Saint-Gobain, which owns the Jewson building materials chain.
Saint-Gobain sent a letter to investors on Wednesday setting out the 720 pence per share bid.
However, BPB told investors they should reject the offer, saying it "substantially undervalues" the firm.
"The board of BPB has no hesitation in reiterating its advice to shareholders to reject this unwelcome offer of 720p per share," BPB said.
It added that it would be writing to investors within the next 14 days to set out why it recommended rejecting the offer.
Saint-Gobain has upped its offer for the group to 720p per share after an earlier bid of 675p was rebuffed.
The French company, which makes ceramics, plastics and cast iron as well as glass, argues that a combined group would be rewarded with a presence in all the main global building materials markets.
Saint-Gobain said its latest bid represented a 40.5% premium to BPB's closing price of 512.5p on 20 July, when it made its initial approach.
"This offer is an excellent opportunity for BPB shareholders to realize a cash exit from their investment now," it added.
Saint-Gobain operates in more than 49 countries, employing 180,000 people.
BPB makes ceiling tiles and insulation materials and runs 90 factories worldwide, employing more than 12,500 staff.
In May, the company unveiled a 43.5% rise in full year, pre-tax profits to £258.7m.

domain: finance


text:
The name Princess Diana is one many hold dear. During her life she was celebrated for her charity work and her caring and compassionate demeanour. She was someone who stood up for those less fortunate and tried to help people in need.
These qualities, which earned her the name Queen of Hearts, live on through the work of The Diana Award, a charity set up in the Princess’s name to help foster, develop and inspire young people to make a difference.
This month marks the 20th anniversary of Princess Diana’s death. However, being so closely associated with someone who died before the majority of its target audience were born presented somewhat of a challenge for the charity. It has therefore undergone a rebrand to make it relevant for today’s young people, while keeping Diana’s legacy alive.
“We needed to be able to communicate who we are to young people today,” says the charity’s CEO Tessy Ojo.
“When you look at someone’s qualities and values – they never die. So we wanted to move the brand from being just a memorial for Diana to something that was alive. Yes it is a memorial but if young people are to relate to it, it has to be living and relevant.”
In addition to The Diana Award itself, which acknowledges young role models who are helping transform the lives of others – those that go above and beyond to create positive change – the charity also runs programmes to help tackle bullying and support people through mentoring and volunteering.
Fixing the disconnect
The charity works with more than 60,000 young people across the UK each year, but Ojo…

domain: sociology


text:
Ritter und Burgen. Zeitreise ins Mittelalter. Eine Mitmachausstellung. Plakat. LVR-LandesMuseum Bonn.
A Hands-On Exhibition
Kings and knights, princes and princesses, noble fighters and knaves, castles with magnificent knights' halls and impregnable walls and towers – the Middle Ages are everywhere, in films and television series, in books and fairy tales. In our cities and landscapes as well, we find many traces of this faraway time: fortresses, monasteries, churches and cities. But how did the people actually live a thousand years ago? What do scientists know about it? And what do the original medieval objects tell and reveal to us?
In this exhibition, you will come across seven persons who lived in the Middle Ages: Of course, there is the knight and the lady of the castle, but there is also the tradeswoman, the minstrel, the craftsman, the monk and the peasant. At 35 hands-on stations you can try out how life in the Middle Ages actually was: Ride in a jousting tournament and forge a sword, dress as a noblewoman, discover a medieval city, join in a dance at court, compose medieval music, learn how difficult it is to farm successfully or discover the mysteries of herbal medicine.
Numerous objects will reveal to you a lot of stories from the time. Some problems the people solved in the Middle Ages with the means they had will be familiar to you today, but some will certainly surprise you!
This exhibition has come about in an international cooperation between the LVR-LandesMuseum Bonn, the Museon Den Haag, the Museum Het Valkhof Nijmegen and Bruns B.V. Bergeijk.
LVR-LandesMuseum Bonn, Colmantstr. 14-16, 53115 Bonn
Tel. +49 (0) 228 / 2070 - 0, Fax +49 (0) 228 / 2070 - 299
TUE - FRI, SON 11 a.m. - 6 p.m., SAT 1 p.m. - 6 p.m., MON closed
Guided tours for school groups available from 10 a.m.
MON - FRI 8 a.m. - 4 p.m.


Yesterday, Harry Reid did the wrong thing for the right reason: he barred Roland Burris from being seated as Illinois junior senator because the Illinois Secretary of state hadn’t signed his qualifications. This is the law; and the way things should be done; but that’s not why Harry Reid rejected Burris. Reid rejected Burris because he was appointed by indicted IL Governor Rod Bagojevich.
Not a good reason to turn down a duly-appointed Senator from the State of Illinois. No.
This morning, after a few hours of having his feet held to the fire, Reid decides to weasel out of his “irrevocable” decision and seat Senator Burris — even though Burris still doesn’t have the proper credentials from the IL Secretary of State Jesse White.
WASHINGTON (CBS) – Senate Democrats plan to accept Roland Burris for President-elect Barack Obama’s vacant seat.
Burris was scheduled to meet Wednesday with the Senate’s top two Democrats — Majority Leader Harry Reid of Nevada and assistant leader Dick Durbin of Illinois — on Wednesday, a day after his paperwork was rejected at the opening of the 111th Congress.
Senate officials in both parties, speaking on the condition of anonymity because they were not authorized to speak publicly for Senate members, said there is a growing expectation on Capitol Hill that the saga will end with Burris being seated.
Blagojevich shocked Democratic leaders by appointing Burris to finish the final two years of Obama’s six-year term in the Senate just three weeks after the governor was arrested on corruption charges in what federal prosecutors said was a scheme to sell or trade Obama’s vacated Senate seat to the highest bidder. Blagojevich denies the accusations and has yet to be indicted. There has been no indication that Burris was involved in the alleged scheme, and he has not been accused of any wrongdoing. Democrats have repeatedly said the issue is Blagojevich, not Burris’ qualifications.
Sen. Dianne Feinstein, who chairs the Rules Committee, told reporters Tuesday evening that Burris should be seated. “If you don’t seat Mr. Burris, it has ramifications for gubernatorial appointments all over America,” the California Democrat said. “Mr. Burris is a senior, experienced politician. He has been attorney general, he has been controller, and he is very well-respected. I am hopeful that this will be settled.”
And where is President-elect Obama during all this?


Man lauded for saving suicidal woman’s life
Two others also given Public Spiritedness Awards for helping police
Mr Goh Keng Heong was leaving his 15th storey flat for work when he saw a woman exit the lift.
She walked to a flower pot outside a nearby unit and stood on it, leaning over the corridor parapet.
Mr Goh, 42, told The New Paper: "She suddenly said she wanted to die."
Mr Goh reacted swiftly and pulled the woman to safety.
Yesterday, the car technician was one of three members of the public presented with the Public Spiritedness Award at the Jurong Police Division.
Mr Goh, Mr Ong Koon Tee, and Mr Ang Yaocheng were commended for assisting the police in three separate cases.
Mr Goh prevented the suicide on May 14 at Block 510 Jelapang Road, off Bukit Panjang Ring Road.
He said: "She was expressionless. When I brought her down, she said she had money problems."
Mr Goh then called the police.
He added: "I advised her to speak to someone about her issues, instead of doing something so reckless."
Mr Ong helped nab a molester.
On June 29, Mr Ong was at the void deck of Block 438 Choa Chu Kang Avenue 4, while returning home from a nearby supermarket.He saw a man touch the chest of a woman along the walkway, before fleeing.
He said: "She was with her parents at the time. She shouted she had been molested."
Along with the victim's father, Mr Ong chased the suspect to the man's block.
"He took the stairs up to his unit," said Mr Ong.
"We didn't dare follow as we were scared he had weapons."
He called the police and the man was later arrested.
Mr Ang, 36, was also involved in a chase when he detained a shoplifting suspect on Aug 2.
The civil servant was at Jurong Point shopping mall buying dinner, when he saw a man holding a laptop bag run out of Popular bookstore, with two people chasing him.
Mr Ang, who joined the chase, said: "I got him in a hold and pinned him to the ground."
He said the man was quite aggressive, and kept trying to punch him.
Assistant Commissioner of Police Devrajan Bala, Commander of Jurong Police Division, praised the three men for their selflessness.
He said: "Their actions are a good example for others and a testament to the strong sense of partnership between the Police and the community."


text:
The Gourmet Tour of Nepal
is a fantastic opportunity to experience some of this country’s
diverse and delicious cuisine…but don’t worry, you will have time to
explore and visit the sights as well!
The aim of this tour is to show you something slightly different, an
experience that revolves around food and smells, tastes and sights,
and moreover a complete immersion into Nepali culture.
Try your hand at haggling for vegetables in a local market. Taste a
home-cooked meal in true ‘Newari’ style. Test your cooking skills with
a local Nepalese chef by your side. If you are a foodie, this tour is
Day 02: Kathmandu
Kathmandu - Nagarkot
arrival at Tribhuvan International Airport, our
representative welcomes you with flower garland and
transfers to hotel. Depending on your arrival time,
explore around the Thamel area on foot, indulge in a
jet-lag massage and try one of the many great eateries the
city has to offer.
Kathmandu: Cooking course & guided restaurant tour
"Flavors of Nepal"
the morning cook up a storm with your private chef.
With our local chef by your side, you will learn how to
grocery shop like Kathmandu’s locals at a neighborhood
fresh market. Bargain hard for your daily bread so you can
cook everything on today’s menu! Then fire up your work
and transform those raw ingredients into authentic
Savor the prepared dishes for lunch.
Remaining afternoon is at leisure to explore the city, go
on a shopping spree or just relax.
In the evening, your guide will pick you up and embark
with you on a fascinating “Flavors of Nepal” tour, tasting
the diversity of Nepalese cuisine.
Kathmandu: Personalized sightseeing tour "Glimpse of
Kathmandu with our experienced and fun guides - spend the
day walking and listening to insider stories about
Kathmandu. The guided sightseeing tour under ‘Glimpse of
Kathmandu’ covers Bouddhanath Stupa and Kathmandu Durbar
Square with food tasting at restaurants around our points
Bouddhanath (World Heritage Site): This is the
world's biggest Stupa located about 2 kilometers to the
north of Pashupatinath Temple. This colossal edifice is
known by the name of Bouddhanath, the god of wisdom. It is
difficult to assign a period to its creation, as some
believe that it was built during the reign of either Shiva
Dev or AnshuVerma in the 7th century AD. The design is
much like the Swayambhu Stupa, except that the spire
consists of squares diminishing in size successively,
instead of circles. Bouddhanath attracts Buddhist pilgrims
from all over the world.
Kathmandu Durbar Square (World Heritage Site):
Kathmandu Durbar Square is an overwhelming frenzy of art
and architecture. The medieval palace complex is erected
in different styles right beside the Kumari Temple. The
enormous courtyard is locally known as the Basantapur
Durbar, or Nautale Durbar, and the locality is called
Basantapur. The square was constructed in 1770 AD upon the
initiation of King Prithivi Narayan Shah to commemorate
his successful conquest of the Kathmandu Valley in 1768
AD. The massive pagoda-like structure in the centre houses
the tutelary deity of the Malla Kings. The palace building
is a maze of stone-paved quadrangles. Coronation
ceremonies, until recently, were performed in the main
courtyard, the NyasalChowk. The palace façade is a mosaic
of intricately carved windows, shaded by gently sloping
roofs of shimmering brown tiles.
Kathmandu – Nagarkot with a day trip to Bhaktapur
Besides the fine
craftsmanship of doors and windows, art and architecture,
Bhaktapur is equally famous for its lush green fresh
vegetables within the valley. Utilize the morningexploring
the renowned medieval town of Bhaktapur.
For a taste of truly authentic Newari food, we visit a
local farmer’s house to taste a home cooked meal made from
local ingredients. The spicy food served in the
traditional plate made from leaf called ‘lapte’ is worth
an experience. Don’t forget to taste the strong local brew
called ‘aaila’ and ask them to teach the recipe and
After lunch, learn from a local farmer how Kathmandu’s
most famous vegetables are grown and take home some
freshly picked ones from your new farmer friends. Continue
your hike along the countryside visiting various
plantations, meeting locals and taking tips of growing
vegetables to reach Nagarkot. Watch the magnificent sunset
and panoramic view of the valley.
Finish your journey with an entertaining dinner of fusion
cuisine by bonfire at camp-site perched among the hills.
Kathmandu Home Stay
leisure to explore the city, do some last minute shopping,
indulge one last time at the spa or simply relax at the
In the afternoon, your guide will pick you up for lunch at
a restaurant for ‘Thakali’ food. ‘Thakali’ is one of the
ethnic tribal communities famous for their skills in
preparing delicious foods. Enjoy the lunch with your chef
by your side.
After lunch, drive to one of the villages scattered around
the valley to experience the traditional hospitality of
Nepalese. Explore the vicinity and go for some local
shopping for the dinner. Lend a hand to our host family in
Kathmandu Restaurant Tour
the day with our guide to the various eateries sprinkled
within the valley. Also taste the street stall food and
a sumptuous breakfast at the hotel, the tour concludes
with departure transfer to the airport with warm farewell
from our representative.
TOUR PRICE INCLUDES WITH FOLLOWING
accommodation on twin sharing BB basis at Kathmandu
accommodation in tented camp at Nagarkot
accommodation in a villager’s home as guest
All meals as
mentioned in the itinerary
All gears for
camping and cooking
and all sightseeing by air-conditioned transport with English
Entrance Fees as per Itinerary
02 bottles of
mineral water per person per day
on arrival / departure day.
FOLLOWING SERVICES ARE NOT INCLUDED
IN THE PRICES:-
Medical and Personal Insurance
Land Visa for 15 days per person
USD: 25.00 upon arrival in Nepal.
Tips, laundry, telephone bills,
portage and Beverages.
Meals unless specified.
Entrances to Monuments and other
Movie / video camera fee at
Domestic or International airfare
Medical or baggage insurance.
Airport Departure taxes, Visa
Tips and gratuities.
Any other service that has not
Your game safaris in the National
Parks unless specified above.
New Year, Christmas, festivals &
Events Period (supplements to be advised, if required)
SPECIAL NOTE FOR YOUR HELP AND INFORMATION:-
flight reservations are subject to availability.
Fares / rates
are subject to change.
Ponds and Dollars easily exchangeable in Kathmandu.
service that has not been specified and you want to add,
please let us know.
If any above
hotel is sold-out then other similar level hotel is
During travel if you want to change
any hotel, you have to inform us 7 days prior.
We are not
responsible for any political demonstration, Natural
calamity, Traffic jams etc.
We are not
responsible for any flight or
train cancellation or no show at the last moment. In such
situation the compensation and dealings will be between
you and the concerning company, we are not obliged to play
role as mediator.

domain: travel


Nymex names Bailey COO and CFO
The New York Mercantile Exchange has appointed Jerome Bailey chief operating officer and chief financial officer. He replaces acting chief financial officer Kenneth Shifrin, who remains senior vice president of finance for Nymex.
The move comes as Nymex seat holders prepare to vote next week on a plan to sell a 10% stake in the exchange to private equity firm General Atlantic.
Meanwhile, the Nymex has criticized customers for turning their backs on its European open outcry market just six months after its launch. The exchange is now preparing to switch all trading to screens.
Andy Gooch, chief executive of Nymex Europe, told Financial News: "Nymex listened to its customers in launching the open outcry market in November 2004. By looking at the volumes it is clear that those who said they wanted the service didn't.
"It is disappointing for Nymex, but there is no point in continuing to provide a service that is not wanted."
Nymex launched the open outcry market in London last September in a direct challenge to the International Petroleum Exchange, which made trading in energy futures fully electronic last year despite calls from some members to keep trading floor-based.
Following spiralling volumes at Nymex Europe, the exchange is now preparing to apply for board and regulatory approvals to switch to electronic trading.
Gooch said: "There is still an approval process to go through internally and externally before the market can stop offering open outcry in London and go electronic. We are starting that process now." He added that there was no timetable for completing the switch.


This article originally appeared on Broadly Germany.
Two players collide at full speed with a resounding bam. As one of them goes down, an audible gasp ripples through the audience. Fortunately, it's nothing serious. She gets up, the whistle blows, and the game continues. The players shove, block, and hip-check one another; because of the physicality of the sport, knee pads, elbow pads, wrist guards, helmets, and mouth guards are mandatory for all participants. In short, if you're worried about bruising, roller derby isn't for you.
The teams compete on a colorful, 27- by 12-meter circuit track. During the 30-minute game, referred to as "the bout," both teams have up to five players on the field for a two-minute jam. The five team members are comprised of one designated scoring player, known as the "jammer," and the remaining four team members are "blockers." While the jammers attempt to score, the blockers try to stop them by cutting them off or even body-checking them. At first glance, it sounds and looks complicated, but after the first few two-minute jams the rules of the game become second nature.
Roller derby was first played in Chicago in the 1930s and was created the sports journalist Leo A. Seltzer. The game's popularity increased in the 1970s, when it was advertised as a sort of wrestling on wheels, with elaborate costumes that included glitter and fishnet stockings, face paint, and bold stage names. In the 1990s, third-wave feminists claimed the sport as their own. Since then, there have been visual changes to the sport—less glitter and more high-quality matches. But the stage names—like Anne Headaway, Willie Vanilli, Hans-A-Blast, and Shrimpy Bling Bling, just to name a few) and the tight-knit, supportive female community are here to stay.
"Shrimpy Bling Bling" is Lisa Selbmann's roller derby name. Four years ago, the 23-year-old moved to Leipzig, Germany, to study medicine, and began playing for the Riot Rocketz. Her passion for the sport started with the movie Whip It, in which social outsider Bliss Cavendar, portrayed by Ellen Page, is sick and tired of her world of beauty pageants, and finally finds the companionship and support she'd always longed for after joining a roller derby team.
It took a year before Selbmann played in her first bout. During that time, she learned how to move on skates. Since then—just like her cinematic role model, Bliss—she's become stronger, faster, and more confident. Even her body image has changed: "When you're younger, you often have issues with the way you see your body. Now I see mine as less of an object that has to reflect the 'ideal,' but rather, I see and understand its capabilities," she says. "If my hips get wider, I actually feel great about it—it means I'm better able to body check people."
The sport isn't only about fitness and power, but also fun and acceptance. Women all shapes, sizes, and backgrounds come together to play. In roller derby, there's no room for discrimination.
"[We] welcome everyone here and don't tolerate any form of racism, xenophobia, homophobia, transphobia, sexism, anti-semitism, or any other ideology of inequality," the Riot Rocketz's website states. In 2016, the team joined Roter Stern Leipzig, a sports club based in Leipzig's Connewitz district, which is infamous for its riots, both left-wing and extremely right-wing. Everyone participates in the demonstrations, especially in events like "Girls Day" and "Christopher Street Day," Germany's equivalent to Pride. For the Riot Rocketz, this public activism is just as fundamental to the sport as practice itself.
Roller derby means much more than just blading around an oval track. It's a community of feminists; a safe space for women and individuals who identify outside of the binary gender norm. What binds these players together is the passionate belief that no one should be forced to bend to societal expectations; in keeping with idea, everyone approaches competition with a strong sense of solidarity and sportsmanship. If someone gets injured, both teams gather around that player to shield them from the audience's curious gaze. Moreover, if a woman is even slightly uncomfortable with the presence of a man on the field, he's no longer allowed to play.
While the sport is only beginning to take root in Germany, the roller derby community already has an established international network. Whenever Selbmann goes on vacation, she brings her blades with her. Recently, she played with an Israeli team in Tel Aviv. Last year, she spent a semester abroad in Barcelona, Spain, and couch-surfed in the homes of other derby players before she found her own place. "All I have to do is reach out to other teams, and I immediately have a built-in network of friends—some of the coolest women in the world."


The striker was a crowd favourite at Craven Cottage and Loftus Road.
In September 1976 Rodney Marsh had the Craven Cottage crowd on their feet laughing during an entertaining 4-1 win against Hereford United.
It wasn’t just Marsh’s two goals – one an absolute wonder strike – that had won their smiles, but the sight of him and Fulham teammate George Best tackling each other in jest.
Such highlights meant that Marsh was, and remains, one of the most recognisable faces in English football. A self-confessed maverick, Marsh first burst onto the top-flight scene with Fulham before enjoying a long and eventful career at QPR, Manchester City and in America.
Effervescent, precocious and individual – Marsh was one of football’s entertainers. In his own words, he played the game to please the crowd.
Growing up in London’s east end, he was a youth player at local club West Ham United. In 1960, however, he was released after failing to conform to their style.
“West Ham was the academy of football in those days. But they said I wasn’t good enough,” explains Marsh. “From one point of view they were right, but from another of course they were terribly wrong!
“I wasn’t really a West Ham-type player. West Ham in those days was, and still is, what I call a method club. I was a maverick, a loose cannon, somebody that was unreliable, and that’s how I was born and raised.
“I would do unexpected things on a football pitch and you could never look at Rodney Marsh and say you knew what was coming next – that didn’t suit West Ham.”
Instead, the teenage Marsh spent the next six years at first division Fulham. Born in Hatfield, Hertfordshire, his family could not afford to move nearer to west London, and Marsh would travel on three buses and a tube to get to Fulham, starting at 7am to be there for 9.
“At Fulham they had a much more off-the-cuff style. They also had Johnny Haynes, England captain, who played that way, where you never knew what he was going to do. I think Fulham were grooming me that way – to be the next Johnny Haynes.”
In 1963 Marsh made his Fulham debut against Aston Villa at the age of 18. A replacement for the injured Haynes, he scored the only goal in a 1-0 victory – a volley, which prompted manager Bedford Jezzard to say: “No boy could have had a better first game.”
During his first full season in the First Division, 1964-65, Marsh was Fulham’s top-scorer with 17 goals. But soon after he fell out with new boss Vic Buckingham, whose philosophy clashed with Marsh’s, and the young man was sacked.
Had it not been for Buckingham, Marsh said he would have remained at Craven Cottage for years. Instead the 21-year-old signed for Queens Park Rangers in 1966, who were in the Third Division.
“It was one of those decisions which I made from my heart and not my head. QPR just seemed right. I wasn’t looking ahead too much, my attitude was just to play. I just loved playing football, entertaining the crowd and being spontaneous.
“Alec Stock [QPR manager] had said: ‘Rodney, I’ve watched you play many times. There is no system here for you to play in. You just play football and I’ll have all the other players adjust around you.’ Nobody had ever said anything like that to me in my career!”
In his first season at Loftus Road, during which QPR were promoted, Marsh scored 44 goals. It was the start of six unforgettable years, as he helped the team secure back-to-back promotions to the First Division in 1968.
“The vibe at Loftus Road was stunning as was the reaction I got from the fans. I never had one incident of dissent from anybody at QPR – they were all just lovely and I love them back. I would do things during games that only if you were there as a fan you would appreciate it.
“I never used to go back and help defend corner kicks, for example, and one day we were under pressure at Loftus Road. Corner after corner came against us, and at this one corner the ball came in and our goalkeeper parried it down, and in the middle of our own six yard box I nutmegged the opposition player coming in and hit a 60-yard pass to Mark Lazarus. He then went on and scored a goal!”
Marsh names his defining goal as the equaliser he scored against West Bromwich Albion in the 1967 League Cup final, a match QPR won 3-2.
However QPR could only manage one season in the First Division and after two years trying to regain their top-flight status Marsh, who by now was a cult hero at Loftus Road, transferred to giants Manchester City.
At 27 Marsh made his England debut against Switzerland in 1971.
“It was very late when England approached me. I didn’t take it personally at the time because we’d just won the World Cup.
“In 1966 the England World Cup team played England B at Highbury. I was playing for England B, 22 years old, and we beat the first team 5-1. I scored twice! After that I thought to myself, if I’m not going to be in this England team soon then it’s going to be a problem!”
Manchester City paid a club-record fee of £200,000 for Marsh’s services in 1972. They were top of the First Division, but looking back Marsh believes they justified the large transfer fee.
“In 1972 Manchester City were a fantastic team flying away at the top of the league with an average attendance of 34,000. My first game was against Chelsea, and the crowd that day was 55,000. Let’s say fans paid £7 entry, that’s almost £147,000 recouped after my first game!
“Between then and the end of the season the club probably made a million pound profit on me. I remember Malcolm Allison [City manager] telling me on the day I joined that I was on a crowd bonus.”
Over the next four years Marsh won the Charity Shield in 1972 and a League Cup runners-up medal in 1974 for the Sky Blues. But Manchester City did not win the league the year in which Marsh joined the club.
Many people have blamed Marsh’s disruptive influence for costing City the championship, and such accusations have plagued him for the last 40 years.
“I came from QPR where I was a big fish in a small pond, and when I joined Maine Road I thought I was just going to become another one of the lads. But it didn’t work out that way, I became even bigger than I ever had been at QPR.
“It astounded me. Everything was about Rodney Marsh. I regret it because I had no control over that, about causing animosity in the dressing room. There were players at Maine Road who really hated me, I think because of the notoriety I had gotten.
“I didn’t want to be the person responsible for Man City missing out on the championship. I regret that and I feel sorry for what happened.”
Despite this it was testament to Marsh’s character and ability as a footballer that he still became a City legend.
On his return to QPR with Manchester City he scored – a bicycle kick of the highest order. He also scored at Old Trafford during a Manchester derby, something he did with every English club he played for.
In 1976 Marsh moved to Tampa Bay Rowdies in America. Bar a brief return to Fulham later that year to play alongside old friend George Best he has lived in the United States on-and-off with his family ever since.
By the time he retired in 1979, Marsh had cemented his reputation as one of the greatest and most entertaining players of his generation.
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text:
During WWII, the US government was concerned that troops might suffer nutritional deficiencies due to food rationing. A committee established a set of guidelines for certain nutrients to ensure “superior nutrition” for citizens and military personnel, most who were on rations. In essence, these guidelines were established to prevent the onset of nutritional deficiency diseases such as scurvy, pellagra, and rickets.
Today, the Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA’s) indicate the daily dietary intake level of a nutrient considered sufficient by the Food and Nutrition Board to meet the requirements of 97.5% of healthy individuals in each life-stage and gender group. RDA’s have been modified on various occasions since inception in 1941… though they really only set levels for minimum nutritional requirements for various vitamins, minerals, and nutrients.
But do today’s RDA’s set levels that serve us today?
Not a chance.
I don’t know about you, but I haven’t met anyone in my lifetime with scurvy or rickets. Those aren’t the diseases we see and hear about today. Heart disease, cancer, Alzheimer’s, diabetes, arthritis. These are chronic degenerative diseases… diseases that manifest in our bodies over a long period of time.
What’s brought about this increase in chronic degenerative disease? Sedentary lifestyles, a degradation of the food supply, our toxic environment, stress.
To combat these chronic degenerative diseases and these conditions, you don’t need minimum nutritional levels. You need optimal nutrition…nutrition that will give your immune system the ammunition needed to combat its daily assault.
Let’s take Vitamin C as an example. The RDA for Vitamin C is 60mg. Many nutritional scientists…no, not the ones financed or supported by Big Pharma… will recommend dosages of 1,000mg, 2,000mg, or more as safe levels for attaining an optimal daily requirement of this important nutrient. That’s a huge discrepancy. And one of many that needs to be seriously re-addressed when establishing RDA levels that will actually serve the public.
So ignore how your food choice or nutritional supplement stacks up against RDA levels. Don’t celebrate the fact your bowl of Cheerios you ate this morning provided you with 25% of your daily requirement of Vitamin D. Your body deserves better. Hold yourself accountable to a higher standard and do whatever it takes to achieve optimal nutrition every day.
As for today’s RDA’s, until they are seriously increased, Ridiculous Dietary Allowances is a much more representative name!

domain: medical


text:
Colostrum is the very first milk the mammalian mother gives to her newborn, and it is evolved to give the newborn the best possible start of life. It contains numerous bioactive factors that promote growth, development and maturation of both the immune system and the digestion system. These effects can be used on human patients suffering from diseases and disorders related to the immune or digestion system.
The very first nutrition for mammalian newborns
The mammalian newborn is highly sensitive after birth, as the environments suddenly changes from the protected sterile area in the womb with continuous feeding through the bird cord to the foreign microbe-rich environment outside with occasionally feeding through the mouth (Sangild et al., 2013). This puts high demands on the newborn’s immune system and digestion system (Newburg & Walker, 2007).
Colostrum provide the bioactive factors and nutrients necessary for the growth, development and maturation of both the immune system and the digestion system in the newborn. These high levels of bioactive compounds are the single most important feature about colostrum (Rathe et al., 2014).
The mother produce colostrum during the pregnancy, but stops immediately after birth, so the newborn only gets colostrum during the first 24-48 hours of life (Stelwagen et al., 2009). This short time of delivery makes the provision of colostrum to the newborn so much more important to secure in order to give the newborn the best possible start of life (Kehoe et al., 2007). After the first few days the amounts of bioactive compounds drops and the colostrum becomes common mature milk (Foley & Otterby, 1978).
Milk matrix and contents in colostrum
Colostrum contains several bioactive factors. Some of the most important are immunoglobulins, growth factors, antimicrobial factors, anti-inflammatory factors, and bioactive oligosaccharides. These factors help growth and maturation of the immune system and the digestion system in order to protect the newborn against infections and other diseases. In addition, colostrum contains high levels of many different vitamins, minerals, carbohydrates, lipids and proteins (Kelly et al., 2003). Many of the bioactive factors in colostrum enhance each other’s effects, their molecules are linked together or they depend on each other’s presence in order to function properly. Whole colostrum with an intact so-called milk matrix is thus the most bioactive version of colostrum (Chatterton et al., 2013).
Even though the specific composition of colostrum varies between species, many compounds are similar among species. This means that colostrum from one species can be digested by another species and the beneficial effects can be transferred. Thus, humans can intake bovine colostrum and benefit from its high contents of bioactive compounds (Jensen et al., 2013).
Bovine colostrum as therapy for human diseases and disorders
As colostrum is evolved to protect the newborn by promoting growth and development of the immune system and gastrointestinal system, it is virtually a natural immune booster. Extensive research has documented that patients suffering from different diseases and disorders related to the immune system or the gut benefit from intake of bovine colostrum as dietary supplement (Pereira, 2014). This includes immune related responses, infections, tissue damage, pathogen invasions, adverse effects from chemotherapy, adverse effects from intake of NSAIDs, diarrhea, gut problems, respiratory tract infections, preterm birth and more. Bovine colostrum can be used as an orally ingested diet supplement provided against a specific disease, as a generally immunological protection or as a treatment for adverse side effects. No adverse effects have been found so far (Struff & Sprotte, 2008).
Many studies have proven beneficial effects from intake of bovine colostrum, but more studies are still needed to establish the full potential of bovine colostrum as therapy (Rathe et al., 2014).
Chatterton, D. E., Nguyen, D. N., Bering, S. B. & Sangild, P. T. (2013) Anti-inflammatory mechanisms of bioactive milk proteins in the intestine of newborns. The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology, 45(8), 1730-1747.
Foley, J. A. & Otterby, D. E. (1978) Availability, Storage, Treatment, Composition, and Feeding Value of Surplus Colostrum: A Review. Journal of Diary Science, 61(8), 1033-1060.
Jensen, M. L., Sangild, P. T., Lykke, M., Schmidt, M., Boye, M., Jensen, B. B. & Thymann, T. (2013) Similar efficacy of human banked milk and bovine colostrum to decrease incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm piglets. The American Journal of Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology, 305, R4-R12.
Kehoe, S. I., Jayarao, B. M. & Heinrichs, A. J. (2007) A survey of bovine colostrum composition and colostrum management practices on Pennsylvania dairy farms. Journal of Diary Science, 90, 4108-4116.
Kelly, G. S. (2003) Bovine colostrums: a review of clinical uses. Alternative Medicine Review, 8(4), 378-394.
Newburg, D. S. & Walker, W. A. (2007) Protection of the neonate by the innate immune system of developing gut and of human milk. Pediatric Research, 61(1), 2-8.
Pereira, P. C. (2014) Milk nutritional composition and its role in human health. Nutrition, 30, 619-627.
Rathe, M., Müller, K., Sangild, P. T. & Husby, S. (2014) Clinical applications of bovine colostrum therapy: a systematic review. Nutrition Reviews, 72(4), 237-254.
Sangild, P. T., Thymann, T., Schmidt, M., Stoll, B., Burrin, D. G. & Buddington, R. K. (2013) Invited review: The preterm pig as a model in pediatric gastroenterology. Journal of Animal Science, 91(10), 4713-4729.
Stelwagen, K., Carpenter, E., Haigh, B., Hodgkinson, A. & Wheeler, T. T. (2009) Immune components of bovine colostrum and milk. Journal of Animal Science, 87 (Suppl. 1), 3-9.
Struff, W. G. & Sprotte, G. (2008) Bovine colostrum as a biologic in clinical medicine: A review – Part II. International Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 46(5), 211-225.


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The entryway is one of those areas that are frequently forgotten by men and women when they're decorating their houses. Since the entryway is the first place that the visitors see when they saunter in the door, this is a bad habit. It must be tidy, and inviting, welcoming. One of the very best approaches to achieve such neatness is through refined entryway storage with coat rack. In the event the features of your house are glossy and utilitarian and your entryway small, you can choose a set of silver hooks situated past the wall and only behind the door. This will enable coats to be easily accessible and ready when needed. In case your house has a vintage of classical style, you might want to see with the local thrift shop for it. Sturdy and long lasting coat racks are also available at a fair cost. Lovely oak or a pine rack will complement any place with an inspiring centerpiece.
This really isn't to imply that furniture or all home design components should be the very same but they should come together and complement each other to strengthen the whole composition. Decor of Breathtaking Narrow Hallway Bench Seat from White Wood Material Including Drawers Unit with Matte Black Knobs and Seagrass Wicker Baskets for Mudroom Shoe Storage supported with many elements like seagrass wicker baskets, matte black knobs, and mudroom shoe storage. Particulars shouldn't be obvious however they should be right, improving the overall feel of a home design.


text:
Valentine’s Day is upon us and there’s nothing sexier than giving your special someone a gift that is beautiful, delicious, and offers a variety of incredible wellness benefits. The most popular Valentines Day treat, of course, is chocolate. Rich, decadent, sweet, and melts as it touches your lips. But, you may not know some other incredibly sexy facts about chocolate.
Top 10 Sexy Facts About Chocolate
10. Cacao trees take four to five years to produce their beans
Anything worth having is totally worth waiting for.
9. The scientific name for the cacao tree, Theobroma Cacao, comes from the Ancient Greek work meaning “food of the gods”
The unique, incredible experience of enjoying chocolate is basically supernatural.
8. Chocolate contains about as much caffeine as a cup of tea
Feeling awake and alert is the first step to a sexy experience.
7. Drinking cacao was the first known chocolate treat (~500BC)
The human experience of delight and pleasure is timeless, and a delicacy like chocolate never goes out of style.
6. Fair Trade Chocolate accounts for less than 1% of chocolate on the market
Many cacao farms in the world don’t practice safe practices, fair labor wages, and safe working age restrictions. Fair Trade certification means that small family farmers have income stability, community empowerment, and environmental considerations, regardless of volatile markets. Working to prioritize human wellness is way sexy.
5. The smell of chocolate increases theta brain waves, triggering relaxation
Just the smell of chocolate will start your brain waves moving with the rhythm of the moment.
4. Chocolate is the only edible substance to melt at around 90°F, below the human body temperature
Melting chocolate? Sexy. Sharing your chocolate with a friend? Super sexy.
3. Chocolate contains anandamide, the body’s ‘bliss molecule’. The name is taken from the Sanskrit word ananda, which means “joy, bliss, delight”
Our chocolate tastes incredible, and we know you’ll love it, too! But ALL chocolate connects with your brain through anandamide receptors, which create a sensation of bliss. Science is totally sexy.
2. Dark chocolate increases blood flow to your heart!
A bit of heart swell with your valentine is perfectly mood-setting. Healthy and heartfelt benefits!
1. Chocolate contains L-Arginine, an amino acid that increases blood flow to your sexy parts!
I think we’ve said enough. We’ll let you take it from here.
How about we share our favorite gifts to turn your Valentine’s Day into something special. (see below)
Grön’s Valentine Gift Guide
Gifts for Her:
Gifts for Him:
Rejuvenate: Awakening Clay Mask (240mg CBD)
Clay masks are great for everyone, and the men on our team swear by this one!
Repair: Adaptable Hair Mask (150mg CBD)
Great for hair, AND beards!
Treat Yourself this Valentine’s
Savor: CBD Chocolate Sampler (60mg CBD) (FREE with purchase until 2/14!)

domain: food


July 25, 2022
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Technician drips a solution from pipette on the glass slide for further examination under of microscope.
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