|Publication number||US5547021 A|
|Application number||US 08/433,210|
|Publication date||Aug 20, 1996|
|Filing date||May 2, 1995|
|Priority date||May 2, 1995|
|Publication number||08433210, 433210, US 5547021 A, US 5547021A, US-A-5547021, US5547021 A, US5547021A|
|Inventors||Dennis P. Raden|
|Original Assignee||Raden; Dennis P.|
|Export Citation||BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan|
|Patent Citations (16), Referenced by (48), Classifications (11), Legal Events (4)|
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet|
The present invention relates generally to methods and apparatus for producing a well by varying its downhole pressure.
Natural sources of pressure are typically utilized in the primary production of fluids from an oil reservoir. As a practical matter, pressure derived from: the evolution of dissolved gas from oil, gas cap expansion, and water encroachment comprise the three principal reservoir drive mechanisms. To a lesser extent, liquid expansion, reservoir compaction, and gravity also play a role in the production of hydrocarbon fluids. As a practical matter, however, most reservoirs produce fluids through some combination of each mechanism.
As is well known, at some time during the producing life of an oil reservoir, its internal pressure may be reduced to the point where supplemental energy is required to maintain production rates at economic levels. In the usual case, measured volumes of gas or water are delivered to the partially depleted reservoir through one or more wellbores provided for this purpose to increase the internal pressure of the reservoir as well as its productive life. This process commonly referred to as secondary recovery.
On average, primary and secondary recovery processes produce no more than approximately one-third of the "oil originally in place" (OOIP) in a given oil reservoir. To recover the remaining OOIP, various enhanced recovery techniques have been proposed. With the exception of steam flooding and in situ combustion, with their attendant pollution related drawbacks, most enhanced recovery techniques involve the injection of one or more chemical compositions into a targeted reservoir. Due to the relatively high costs associated with preparing and handling these chemical compositions, however, enhanced recovery projects will account for little oil recovery in the United States during the foreseeable future.
At the present time, nearly eighty percent of our domestic oil wells produce less than ten barrels of oil per day. This low rate of oil production is often due, in part, to the accumulation of oil bearing liquid in the well which imposes an additional backpressure on a pressure depleted reservoir further impeding liquid flow therein. In some wells, this liquid accumulation may altogether halt the further production of oil thus necessitating well abandonment. As the installation and operation of mechanical pumps to lift oil bearing liquid from a well is costly, a significant need exists, therefore, for an economical means for increasing oil recovery from marginally productive wells.
In light of the foregoing need, it is a principal object of the invention to provide an apparatus for fluid production from an oil bearing reservoir in the earth. In its preferred form, the apparatus includes a perforated, tubular well casing extending into the earth and defining a sump therein for collecting oil bearing liquid. A string of tubing in the well casing includes an inlet opening positioned in the sump. A plurality of downwardly projecting fins positioned about the inlet opening define notches therebetween serving to improve the entrainment of oil bearing liquid collected in the sump into the available free gas as such enters the inlet opening. Vacuum producing means are also provided to impose a vacuum on the oil bearing liquid collected in the sump and assist in drawing the oil bearing liquid into the inlet opening.
It is another object of the invention to provide an apparatus of the type described wherein the vacuum producing means include a vacuum pump which may be supplemented in its action by at least one gas ejector in serial communication therewith. Preferably, the vacuum pump outlet is in fluid communication with the well casing so as to supply pressurized gas to the well casing for impelling oil bearing liquid collected in the sump to the inlet opening in the string of tubing. A secondary source of pressurized gas may also be placed in fluid communication with the well casing for impelling oil bearing liquid to the inlet opening.
It is an object of the invention to provide improved elements and arrangements thereof in an apparatus for the purposes described which is inexpensive, dependable and fully effective in accomplishing its intended purposes.
These and other objects of the present invention will become readily apparent upon further review of the following specification and drawing.
The present invention may be more readily described with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an apparatus for fluid production from a wellbore in accordance with the present invention.
Referring now to FIG. 1, an apparatus for fluid production from a wellbore in accordance with the present invention is illustrated schematically at 10. The apparatus 10 includes an oil well 12 of conventional construction modified as needed to practice the invention. The oil well 12, then, is preferably provided with a tubular well casing 14 positioned in a borehole in the earth extending from the ground surface 16 to a point at a prescribed distance below the top one or more oil bearing reservoirs 18. Perforations 20 in the well casing 14 adjacent the oil bearing reservoirs 18 permit reservoir fluids to enter the well casing 14. Under the influence of gravity, oil bearing liquid will accumulate in the sump 22 formed in the lower end of the well casing 14. A string of tubing 24 is suspended within the well casing 14 from a sealed wellhead 26 on the upper end of the well casing 14 and extends from the ground surface 16 into the sump 22.
The bottom of the tubing 24 defines an inlet opening 28 for the receipt of oil bearing liquid from the sump 22. About the inlet opening 28, a plurality of projections or fins 30 extend from the tubing 24 to a point partially beneath the liquid level of the sump 22. Preferably, the fins 30 are integrally formed with the tubing 24, or any other tubular body adapted for connection to the tubing, and define a plurality of secondary openings or notches therebetween. The notches serve to increase free gas velocities at the inlet opening 28 by effectively reducing the cross-sectional area available for gas flow above the sump liquid level. The fins 30 may be shaped in a variety of forms to provide notches having a generally rectangular or circular outline; however, a V-shape is preferred due to its relative ease of manufacture. The notches may be provided in any number and any size found to maximize the oil bearing liquid production rate from oil well 12.
The internal diameter of tubing 24 may be varied to maximize the oil bearing liquid production characteristics of the oil well 12. As the flow of oil bearing liquid through tubing 24 in the form of either an annular film or a mist suspended in a stream of gas is contemplated by the instant invention, the internal diameter of tubing 24 is preferably sized to minimize inefficient, slug-type flow. In this regard, tests of high gas/oil ratio (generally less than 5% by volume liquid) wells indicate that oil bearing liquid will migrate through tubing 24 in the form of annular film at a velocity of approximately 2 ft/sec when gas velocities exceed approximately 30 ft/sec. On the other hand, mist-type flow, where oil bearing liquid is transported as fine droplets suspended in gas, will occur only when gas velocities exceed approximately 70 ft/sec. Thus, it is preferable that the internal diameter of the tubing 24 be sized in view of gas volumes available for lifting purposes to establish and maintain a gas velocity of 30 ft/sec or greater to avoid slug-type flow.
In the preferred embodiment, a plurality of gas lift valves 32 are positioned on the tubing 24 to assist in the start-up of the apparatus 10 by rapidly removing from the oil well 12 oil bearing liquid, accumulated in the oil well 12 as a result of a shut-down, submerging the inlet opening 28 of tubing 24. During start-up, relatively high pressure gas is delivered to the well casing 14 through a conduit 34 in fluid communication with wellhead 26 to permit sequential actuation of the gas lift valves 32 in well known fashion and lower the oil bearing liquid level in the well casing 14 to a point below the inlet opening 28. In accordance with accepted engineering practices, the number and spacing of gas lift valves 32 would be determined on a well by well basis.
As an alternative to utilizing conventional gas lift valves 32 for unloading the oil well 12 at start-up, electrically or pneumatically actuated valves may be substituted therefor. In an electrically actuated system, suitable relays (not shown) would open and close the valves upon selective energization by electrical current delivered through an insulated lead or cable (not shown) positioned within the well casing 14. With a pneumatically actuated system, however, a pressurized pneumatic conduit (not shown) would be positioned in the well casing 14 to communicate with, and control, each of the valves, operable at a predetermined pressures.
Conventional means for imposing a vacuum such as vacuum pump 36, having a pump inlet connected through a conduit 38 communicating with the inside of the tubing 14, is provided to impose a vacuum on the oil bearing liquid collected in the sump 22. The vacuum serves to draw oil bearing liquid collected in the sump 22 into the inlet opening 28 and up the tubing 24 for recovery via the wellhead 26 and increases the rate at which oil bearing liquid enters the well casing 14 through perforations 20. Preferably, the amount of vacuum imposed by vacuum pump 36 upon the tubing 24 is selectively adjusted by a valve 40 in the conduit 38 to retain intake opening 28 partially submerged in oil bearing liquid collected in sump 22.
The vacuum pump 36 compresses the gas transported through the conduit 38 to the desired degree and delivers such from its pump outlet past pressure gauge 42 to a condenser 44. Preferably using circulating water as a cooling agent, the condenser 44 operates to remove liquid hydrocarbons and water vapor from the gas stream prior to discharge into a sales line or other suitable carrier. Condensed liquid is discharged from the condenser 44 into a conduit 46 for further processing and storage. A valve 48 of any suitable construction is provided on the conduit 46 for draining the condenser 44 either automatically or manually of condensed liquid as may be desired. Additional valves 50 and 52 are provided on the conduit 38 to, respectively, check the backflow of fluids into the vacuum pump 36 and to isolate the vacuum pump 36 from the condenser 44 when required for maintenance. A temperature gauge 90 is also provided in conduit 38 for monitoring the operation of apparatus 10 and assisting in determining when maintenance may be required.
An oxygen analyzer 54 in the conduit 38 downstream of the condenser 44 is provided to monitor the fraction of oxygen in the gas flow stream. If the oxygen fraction exceeds a prescribed level, perhaps one proximate that at which an explosive mixture is constituted, the analyzer 54 will preferably function to disable the vacuum pump 36 from continued operation. Once the source of the oxygen has been located and its continued flow into the apparatus 10 abated, the vacuum pump 36 may be returned to operation by a user. Thus, the safety of users of the instant invention is ensured by permitting system leaks upstream of the oxygen analyzer 54 to be detected and repaired prior to the creation of a potentially hazardous operating condition.
A portion of the compressed gas exiting the condenser 44 is carried through a conduit 56, having a valve 58 at its terminal end in communication with conduit 34, into the well casing 14 to assist in impelling oil bearing liquid collected in the sump 22 to the inlet opening 28 in tubing 24. Supplemental gas volumes for this purpose may also be provided to the well casing 14 from a remote gas source 60 otherwise used in operative conjunction with gas lift valves 32. As shown, the remote gas source 60, comprising natural gas, nitrogen, or any other suitable gaseous composition under pressure, is connected by conduit 34 to well casing 14 through wellhead 26. A valve 62 is provided in the conduit 34 to control the rate of gas flow from the remote gas source 60. A pressure gauge 65 is provided in the conduit 34 for monitoring the pressure of gas passing therethrough.
A conventional liquid metering device (not shown) may be placed in fluid communication with the conduit 34 for delivering a relatively small flow of liquid chemical composition to the well casing 14 on an intermittent or continuous basis. In well known fashion, such a liquid chemical composition would enter the well casing 14 near the top thereof and travel within the well casing to mix with the oil bearing liquid in the sump 22. By way of example only, the liquid chemical composition may include scale or corrosion inhibitors, de-emulsifying agents, and solvents for the reduction of oil bearing liquid viscosities prolonging the productive life of oil well 12. To provide additional energy to lift reservoir fluids up the tubing 24, a pair of conventional jets or gas ejectors 64 are preferably serially connected to the conduit 38 between the tubing 24 and vacuum pump 36. The ejectors 64 increase the vacuum imposed upon the tubing 24 by delivering a high velocity stream of gas from a suitable source 66 to the conduit 38, or other appropriate fitting in fluid communication therewith, that is directed substantially downstream toward vacuum pump 36. The velocity of the gas emitted by the ejectors 64 may be regulated by suitable valves (not shown) in gas delivery conduits 68 or any other means. By way of example, the gas source 66 may be a steam boiler, an air compressor, or a tank of pressurized natural gas. As steam is the preferred motivating gas for use in the ejectors 64, however, condensers 70 of well known construction are provided downstream of each ejector 64 to remove suspended water vapor from the gas stream by circulating a cooling liquid therethrough. Condensed liquids are discharged from the condensers 70 through conduits 75 for additional processing.
A liquid-gas separator 72 is preferably employed in the conduit 38 upstream of the ejectors 64 and vacuum pump 36 for an initial separation of oil bearing liquid and gas delivered from tubing 24. Separated gas is discharged from separator 72 into the downstream continuation of conduit 38 which leads to the vacuum producing means as described hereinabove. Separated oil bearing liquid, on the other hand, is discharged from the separator 72 into a conduit 74 for further processing and storage.
A conventional liquid pump 76 is provided to assist in the transport of oil bearing liquid through the conduit 74. As shown, operation of the liquid pump 76 is preferably regulated by an electrical switch 78 responsive to oil bearing liquid level variations in the separator 72. When the oil bearing liquid level in the separator 72 rises to a designated height, the liquid pump 76 is actuated to remove the surplus oil bearing liquid from the separator 72. Valves 80 and 82 in conduit 74 on opposite sides of the liquid pump 76 permit the pump 76 to be isolated from the remainder of apparatus 10 in the event that repairs are required. A check valve 84 downstream of the liquid pump 76 prevents the reentry of discharged oil bearing liquid into the separator 72.
During use of the apparatus 10, the oil bearing liquid level in the well casing 14 is first lowered to a point partially submerging inlet opening 28 and fins 30 in tubing 24 by operation of gas lift valves 32 as hereinabove described. Production proper begins by evacuating gas from the tubing 24. Through operation of the vacuum pump 36 and ejectors 64, evacuation of gas from the tubing 24 proceeds in an effort to establish a vacuum generally limited only by the vapor pressure of the liquid or the collapse strength of the tubing 24 and well casing 14. The reduced pressure in the tubing 24 is communicated via the perforations 20 to the oil bearing reservoirs 18 and may be effective in drawing reservoir fluids thereto.
Continued application of the vacuum encourages the evolution of free gas from oil bearing liquid collected in the sump 22. When the reservoir gas/oil ratio permits, this free gas will enter the inlet opening 28 in the tubing 24 at a high velocity, atomizing the oil bearing liquid in the sump 22 proximate the inlet opening 28 and entraining such in the free gas flow stream. With the hydrostatic pressure in the tubing 24 reduced substantially by the presence of the free gas, oil bearing liquid flow rates up the tubing 24 are correspondingly increased.
In the event that the volumes of gas evolved from the oil bearing liquid in the sump 22 are insufficient to lift the oil bearing liquid up tubing 24, supplemental gas volumes may be delivered to the well casing 14 from remote gas source 60 preferably at such a rate so as to permit annular or mist-type flow of oil bearing liquid up the tubing 24. For maximum efficiency, in no event, however, should the supply of supplemental gas be so great as to reduce the depth of oil bearing liquid maintained in the sump 22 to a point wherein the intake opening 28 of the tubing 24 is not partially submerged. Along with the supplemental gas volumes from remote gas source 60, liquid chemical compositions may also be provided to the well casing 14 as desired.
As discussed hereinabove, the notches between the fins 30 adjacent inlet opening 28 form zones capable of generating gas flow streams of high velocity and turbulence for the atomization and entrainment of oil bearing liquid therein. Additionally, the flow of gas at high velocity through these notches is believed to cause oil bearing liquid in the sump 22 to bulge or cone upwardly into the inlet opening 28. This upwardly directed bulge maximizes the area of contact between the oil bearing liquid in the sump 22 and turbulent gas thereby contributing to the increased atomization and entrainment of oil bearing liquid into the gas. Since it is desired to have the bulge in the oil bearing liquid surface to occur in the center of the inlet opening 28 for the maximum flow of gas past the bulge, the fins 30 and their medial notches are preferably evenly spaced around the periphery of the tubing 24 and inlet opening 28.
In a preferred operating regime of apparatus 10, the fluid moving through tubing 24 under the influence of the vacuum imposing means is substantially all gas with oil bearing liquid forming a mist suspended therein. In such an environment, compounds of relatively low molecular weight and boiling point comprising the fine droplets of mist may enter the gas phase. Such a phase transition may be advantageous, for instance, when solvents such as LPG, gasoline, or alcohol are provided to the well casing 14 for reducing oil bearing liquid viscosities in an effort to increase flow up the tubing 24. Solvents suspended along with heavier hydrocarbons in the mist droplets would readily enter the gas phase upon the reduction of pressure in the tubing 24. Solvent recovery could be made by condensation downstream of vacuum pump 36 in condenser 44.
Of course, produced fluids exiting the tubing 24 enter the separator 72. Gas exiting the separator 72 is substantially free of most oil bearing liquid suspended therein and flows toward the ejectors 64 and vacuum pump 36. The gas discharged from the vacuum pump 36 is preferably cooled in condenser 44 to recover hydrocarbon compounds having a relatively low boiling point. The resulting dry gas from the condenser 44 may be sold, recycled to the oil bearing reservoirs 18 through one or more separate injection wells (not shown) for pressure maintenance purposes, directed back into the well casing 14 through conduit 56 for fluid lift purposes, or flared.
While the invention has been described with a high degree of particularity, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that numerous modifications and substitutions may be made thereto. For example, the number and location of the ejectors 64 and their associated condensers 70 may be varied in accordance with user need, known to vary from well to well. Additionally, with little modification, the invention may be adapted for use in horizontal and highly deviated wells and in the production of liquids from coalbed methane and natural gas wells. Therefore, it is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the sole embodiment described above, but encompasses any and all embodiments within the scope of the following claims.
|Cited Patent||Filing date||Publication date||Applicant||Title|
|US1028822 *||Jul 27, 1911||Jun 4, 1912||Albert H Honey||Well-pumping mechanism.|
|US1547197 *||Sep 25, 1923||Jul 28, 1925||Paul Arbon||Method and apparatus for producing crude oil|
|US1602190 *||Jan 4, 1926||Oct 5, 1926||Petroleum Rectifying Co||Method of dehydrating petroleum emulsions|
|US1798774 *||Jun 19, 1930||Mar 31, 1931||Sinclair Oil & Gas Company||Method and apparatus for recovering pressure gas from oil wells|
|US1856872 *||Jul 16, 1929||May 3, 1932||Union Oil Co||Automatic pressure retainer for gas lift wells|
|US2588296 *||Feb 15, 1946||Mar 4, 1952||Aluminum Co Of America||Gas treatment and apparatus therefor|
|US3215087 *||Oct 3, 1963||Nov 2, 1965||Exxon Production Research Co||Gas lift system|
|US4345647 *||Jul 18, 1980||Aug 24, 1982||Carmichael William C||Apparatus to increase oil well flow|
|US4347899 *||May 28, 1981||Sep 7, 1982||Mobil Oil Corporation||Downhold injection of well-treating chemical during production by gas lift|
|US4390061 *||Dec 31, 1980||Jun 28, 1983||Charles Short||Apparatus for production of liquid from wells|
|US4509599 *||Oct 1, 1982||Apr 9, 1985||Baker Oil Tools, Inc.||Gas well liquid removal system and process|
|US4688637 *||Feb 27, 1987||Aug 25, 1987||Theis Ralph W||Method for induced flow recovery of shallow crude oil deposits|
|US4844156 *||Aug 15, 1988||Jul 4, 1989||Frank Hesh||Method of secondary extraction of oil from a well|
|US5076360 *||Apr 4, 1990||Dec 31, 1991||Dames & Moore||Priming methods for vacuum extraction wells|
|US5400858 *||Sep 13, 1993||Mar 28, 1995||International Technology Corporation||Groundwater recovery system|
|SU883369A1 *||Title not available|
|Citing Patent||Filing date||Publication date||Applicant||Title|
|US5839513 *||May 22, 1997||Nov 24, 1998||Phillips Petroleum Company||Compressor-assisted annular flow|
|US5899273 *||Jan 3, 1996||May 4, 1999||Jung; Douglas B.||Eductor/ejector apparatus and the process for increasing fluid recovery from geothermal wells|
|US6059040 *||Sep 19, 1997||May 9, 2000||Levitan; Leonid L.||Method and apparatus for withdrawal of liquid phase from wellbores|
|US6196310 *||Mar 4, 1999||Mar 6, 2001||Roy F. Knight||Well production apparatus|
|US6199631 *||Mar 4, 1999||Mar 13, 2001||Roy F. Knight||Well production apparatus|
|US6209651 *||Mar 4, 1999||Apr 3, 2001||Roy F. Knight||Well production apparatus and method|
|US6216781 *||Mar 4, 1999||Apr 17, 2001||Roy F. Knight||Well production apparatus|
|US6234248 *||Mar 4, 1999||May 22, 2001||Roy F. Knight||Well production apparatus|
|US6260628||Aug 19, 1998||Jul 17, 2001||Arne Johannes Magnus||Use of static mixing element in connection with flow of gas and liquids through a production tubing|
|US6367555||Mar 15, 2000||Apr 9, 2002||Corley P. Senyard, Sr.||Method and apparatus for producing an oil, water, and/or gas well|
|US6422313 *||Jun 15, 2000||Jul 23, 2002||Roy Knight||Apparatus and method for recovering waste production gases|
|US6668931||Jul 8, 2002||Dec 30, 2003||Jim Tomlinson||Apparatus and method for cleaning a gas well|
|US6745815||Mar 12, 2002||Jun 8, 2004||Corley P. Senyard, Sr.||Method and apparatus for producing an oil, water, and/or gas well|
|US6854518 *||Mar 12, 2002||Feb 15, 2005||Corley P. Senyard, Sr.||Method and apparatus for enhancing production from an oil and/or gas well|
|US7077208 *||Jul 2, 2004||Jul 18, 2006||R3 Pump Technologies||Method and system for directing fluid flow|
|US7275599 *||Aug 27, 2004||Oct 2, 2007||Optimum Production Technologies Inc.||Positive pressure gas jacket for a natural gas pipeline|
|US7543649||Jan 11, 2007||Jun 9, 2009||Rock Well Petroleum Inc.||Method of collecting crude oil and crude oil collection header apparatus|
|US7568527||Jan 4, 2007||Aug 4, 2009||Rock Well Petroleum, Inc.||Method of collecting crude oil and crude oil collection header apparatus|
|US7717181||Jan 9, 2007||May 18, 2010||Terry Bullen||Artificial lift system|
|US7823662||Jun 20, 2007||Nov 2, 2010||New Era Petroleum, Llc.||Hydrocarbon recovery drill string apparatus, subterranean hydrocarbon recovery drilling methods, and subterranean hydrocarbon recovery methods|
|US7832483||Jan 23, 2008||Nov 16, 2010||New Era Petroleum, Llc.||Methods of recovering hydrocarbons from oil shale and sub-surface oil shale recovery arrangements for recovering hydrocarbons from oil shale|
|US8261838||May 17, 2010||Sep 11, 2012||Terry Bullen||Artificial lift system|
|US8307918||Sep 28, 2010||Nov 13, 2012||New Era Petroleum, Llc||Hydrocarbon recovery drill string apparatus, subterranean hydrocarbon recovery drilling methods, and subterranean hydrocarbon recovery methods|
|US8474551||Oct 12, 2012||Jul 2, 2013||Nep Ip, Llc||Hydrocarbon recovery drill string apparatus, subterranean hydrocarbon recovery drilling methods, and subterranean hydrocarbon recovery methods|
|US8534382||Oct 12, 2012||Sep 17, 2013||Nep Ip, Llc|
|US20040245182 *||Oct 11, 2002||Dec 9, 2004||Appleford David Eric||Multiphase fluid conveyance system|
|US20050056431 *||Jul 2, 2004||Mar 17, 2005||R3 Pump Technologies, Llc||Method and system for directing fluid flow|
|US20060076145 *||Oct 13, 2004||Apr 13, 2006||Weatherford/Lamb, Inc.||Gas lift using a gas/oil mixer|
|US20060237195 *||Aug 27, 2004||Oct 26, 2006||Glenn Wilde||Positive pressure gas jacket for a natural gas pipeline|
|US20060290197 *||Jun 9, 2006||Dec 28, 2006||See Jackie R||Oil extraction system and method|
|US20080164020 *||Jan 4, 2007||Jul 10, 2008||Rock Well Petroleum, Inc.||Method of collecting crude oil and crude oil collection header apparatus|
|US20080164036 *||Jan 9, 2007||Jul 10, 2008||Terry Bullen||Artificial Lift System|
|US20080169104 *||Jan 11, 2007||Jul 17, 2008||Rock Well Petroleum, Inc.||Method of collecting crude oil and crude oil collection header apparatus|
|US20080314640 *||Jun 20, 2007||Dec 25, 2008||Greg Vandersnick|
|US20090038806 *||Aug 10, 2007||Feb 12, 2009||Eog Resources, Inc.||Accumulation and recycling of captured gas in recovery of subterranean fluids|
|US20090183872 *||Jan 23, 2008||Jul 23, 2009||Trent Robert H||Methods Of Recovering Hydrocarbons From Oil Shale And Sub-Surface Oil Shale Recovery Arrangements For Recovering Hydrocarbons From Oil Shale|
|US20100300701 *||May 17, 2010||Dec 2, 2010||Terry Bullen||Artificial lift system|
|US20110011574 *||Sep 28, 2010||Jan 20, 2011||New Era Petroleum LLC.||Hydrocarbon Recovery Drill String Apparatus, Subterranean Hydrocarbon Recovery Drilling Methods, and Subterranean Hydrocarbon Recovery Methods|
|US20120067569 *||Oct 25, 2010||Mar 22, 2012||Alan Keith Brown||Well De-Liquefying System and Method|
|CN1064109C *||May 28, 1998||Apr 4, 2001||中国海洋石油渤海公司||Co-well oil-pumping and wate-injecting technological system|
|DE102012219289A1||Oct 23, 2012||Apr 24, 2014||Siemens Aktiengesellschaft||Conveying device for conveying gas from natural gas source, has jet pump for production of partial vacuum at source head, and separator comprising compressor and liquid pump, where intake of jet pump is immediately connected with head|
|WO1999011905A1 *||Aug 19, 1998||Mar 11, 1999||Arne Johannes Magnus||Use of static mixing elements in connection with flow of gas and liquids through a production tubing|
|WO2001069039A1 *||Mar 14, 2001||Sep 20, 2001||Senyard Corley P Sr||Method and apparatus for producing an oil, water, and/or gas wel l|
|WO2003033870A1 *||Oct 11, 2002||Apr 24, 2003||Alpha Thames Ltd||Multiphase fluid conveyance system|
|WO2006032850A1 *||Sep 16, 2005||Mar 30, 2006||Caltec Limited||Well start-up system and process|
|WO2015126648A1 *||Feb 9, 2015||Aug 27, 2015||Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company||Gas well deliquification by liquid entrainment|
|WO2017010893A1 *||Jul 14, 2016||Jan 19, 2017||Jb Services As||Transporting fluid from a well, in particular to a production header|
|WO2017018887A1 *||Jul 14, 2016||Feb 2, 2017||Jb Services As||Transporting fluid from a well to a processing facility|
|U.S. Classification||166/250.07, 166/372, 166/371, 166/267, 166/370, 166/242.1|
|Cooperative Classification||E21B43/122, E21B43/121|
|European Classification||E21B43/12B, E21B43/12B2|
|Feb 14, 2000||FPAY||Fee payment|
Year of fee payment: 4
|Mar 10, 2004||REMI||Maintenance fee reminder mailed|
|Aug 20, 2004||LAPS||Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees|
|Oct 19, 2004||FP||Expired due to failure to pay maintenance fee|
Effective date: 20040820


The Illuminati is the world’s first Bluetooth light and color meter that works wirelessly with smartphones. It’s a battery-powered device that connects to your iOS device, Android or smartwatch over Bluetooth, allowing you to take live readings without stepping away from your camera.
Exposure is calculated like a regular light meter. Inside the mobile app, set any two of the ISO, F-number and shutter speed, and it will calculate the third parameter for you, based on the incident light in your scene. You can also measure the color of both strobes and ambient lighting.
A good light meter can improve your photography by helping you to create faithful captures of scenes with difficult lighting. You’ll spend far less time correcting exposure and white balance in post if you can nail them while you’re in the field.
There are a few major advantages of the Illuminati when compared to traditional meters. Because it is small and wireless, it can be placed on a tripod using the ¼-20 tripod mount, attached to metal surfaces using the inbuilt magnet, or even clipped to clothing using the included accessory clip.
Readings can be triggered remotely and viewed on your mobile device or smart watch in real-time, or the Illuminati can monitor ambient light and color, sending you alerts when they shift.
It’s also possible to use an array of the little devices to provide readings from multiple points of your scene. You could use this to get uniform lighting over a large scene, to measure strobe ratios or to evaluate the color of different light sources.
The guys behind the Illuminati know how to make light meters –– their sister company, Peripheral Vision, creates “scientific-grade light and color meters for camera image quality testing”. Their Kickstarter project reached its goal of $75,000 in 17 days. It is estimated to ship in September 2017, with an MSRP of $300.


text:
cheap upholstery fabric by the yard discount decorator online.
image studio kitchen ideas tiny apartment.
purple and teal comforter bedding set sets queen gray white p.
auto inner and exterior door sill plate scuff with emblem for sienna cover.
antique ivory counter stools faux leather stool in 1 l wood.
tall floor vases target silver vase hammered pottery barn branches with.
hiring a handyman ask yourself these questions find in your area.
1 rubber tubing home depot hose clamp n.
bronze elephant statue bull sculpture indian meaning.
cu ft top freezer refrigerator in monochromatic stainless steel does show fingerprints n.

domain: design


text:
Yellow Arrow Photography is not just a business for me. There is great purpose behind the why of Yellow Arrow. I often get asked “How long have you been taking pictures?” My answer is usually something short and sweet but let me explain a little more about the how I started and fill you in on the why I continue to pursue this “business.”
It was my first wedding anniversay (13 years ago now) and my husband bought me a 35 mm camera. We took a trip to San Diego for a week-long celebration and this is when and where I fell in absolute love with taking photos. From there, I started taking photos for my friends’ Christmas cards or of their kids as they grew up. That naturally snow balled into doing weddings, senior photos, and countless family photos for people I knew and soon, people I didn’t know.
So, I guess that is the how I got started. Now for the why I continue… I found myself wanting to constantly get better so I called upon my sister in law Mckenzie to help me by doing photo shoots nearly every season of each year that went by. She made photography easy for me because she was so stunning and a natural in front of the camera. With her, I could try new things, push my limits and step out of my comfort zone more and more, all to get better. When Mckenzie was 16 she took her own life, a choice I will never understand. It is heartbreaking to see a beautiful young girl with SO much promise, a bright future, and endless possibilities ahead of her, not see that for herself. About a year after her death, I created Yellow Arrow Photography, my personal way to honor her. My motivation comes from a place of a deep appreciation for the life I’ve been given. I see photography as one of the greatest gifts I can give to other people. Being able to capture a moment in time for people, that they can keep forever, does something in my soul that nothing else can fill because we never how much time we have together in this life. Yellow Arrow has been a powerful and healing journey for me and I will continue to walk this journey as long as I am able.
Thank you for stopping by and learning more about Yellow Arrow. Here are a couple photos of the people I love most; my husband, my son and my daughter. May a day never go by without me telling each of them how much I love them.

domain: artistic


text:
Whole Wheat Pizza Dough by NPR
This recipe makes enough for 2 thin crust pizzas, each one serving 3 to 4 people, depending on what else you are serving. I love the flavor and the extra nutritional value of whole wheat flour, but this recipe may be made using only all-purpose or any combination of all-purpose and whole wheat, in case you want to dial down the whole grain flavor a bit.
Makes 2 (14-inch) pizzas, 8 (7-inch) individual pizzas or 48 (3-inch) pizzettes
1 1/4 cups lukewarm water
1 tablespoon granulated sugar
1 1/4-ounce package active dry yeast (2 1/4 teaspoons)
2 cups whole wheat flour
1 1/2 cups all-purpose flour, plus extra for work surface
1 teaspoon coarse salt (such as kosher or sea salt)
1 tablespoon extra virgin olive oil, plus extra for coating the bowl
1 tablespoon honey
Pour the water into a small bowl, add the sugar, then gently stir in the yeast. Let it sit for 5 to 8 minutes in a non-drafty place or until the yeast forms a foamy layer on the surface of the water. If no foam forms after 8 minutes, the yeast has not proofed and the dough will not rise. Repeat with a new packet of yeast, checking the expiration date for freshness and making sure the water is lukewarm, not hot.
Meanwhile, add the flours and salt to a food processor and pulse to combine. Add the olive oil, honey and yeast mixture. Process until the dough comes together, forming a ball, about 1 minute. The dough should be sticky, but not wet. If it feels wet, add some flour, 1 tablespoon at a time and pulse to combine.
Turn the dough out onto a lightly floured surface, knead 5 or 6 times with floured hands and form into a ball. Lightly coat a large bowl with olive oil. Place the ball of dough in the bowl seam side down, cover with plastic wrap and drape a dry kitchen towel on top. Let it sit in a warm, non-drafty place until the dough roughly doubles in bulk, about 1 hour.
Turn the dough onto a lightly floured surface and knead for about 30 seconds. Divide the dough into two equal balls. Let them rise for the second time on a cutting board, covered with a kitchen towel, for an hour and a half, then proceed with the pizza. At this point, you may also refrigerate the dough in a Ziploc bag to use within 24 hours, or freeze it to use within 3 months.
Another option, especially if you are making the dough before bed or in the morning before work, is to let it rise for the second time in the refrigerator, well covered with a dry kitchen towel, for at least 8 hours. Then you can knead it for a few seconds, transfer it to a Ziploc bag, and keep it for use that day or freeze it. Always bring the dough to room temperature before rolling it out.

domain: food


text:
Piazza Parigi Holiday Home
from £37 /night help
Estimated nightly price based on a weekly stay. Excludes fees (if applicable). Enter your dates to see the total cost.
Availability Your dates are available
Apartment | 1 bedrooms | sleeps 4
Lucca is a special and charming little town, rich of history and culture. It disposes of a good size and lot of ambiance – it is in all aspects an ideal spot to spend here your holidays. While taking a stroll in the historic centre you may admire the many churches, towers and historic palaces. Discover the amphitheatre, the town walls and enjoy this special atmosphere, pass your time in a characteristic coffee bar or in one of the old fashioned “trattorias”.
This bright and comfortable holiday home lies in the heart of the centre.From the apartment you have beautiful view of ancients palaces and of a garden.
The Apartment is composed by 1 little kitchen with fridge/freezer, oven and gas; a little room with a washing machine, 1 living room with a double sofa bed; 1 bathroom with shower and 1 double bedroom with a large bed. The apartment is on the second floor and it is very quite beacuse there are not other apartments over it! This is located just in a beautiful square "Piazza Parigi" in one of the main street of Lucca - Via Santa Croce.
|Size||Sleeps up to 4, 1 bedrooms|
|Will consider||Long term lets (over 1 month)|
|Notes||No pets allowed, No smoking at this property|
Features and Facilities
|Rooms||1 bedroom, 1 bathrooms of which 1 Family bathrooms|
|Furniture||1 Sofa beds, Double beds (1), Dining seats for 4|
About this location
The Tuscany region
Lucca Historical Center
About the owner
Guest reviewsPowered by TripAdvisor
Guest reviews no reviews
Guest reviews Powered by TripAdvisor
Help other travellers decide where to stay
This holiday home hasn’t got any reviews yet. The average rating on Holiday Lettings is four out of five. This place could be newly added or perhaps it’s a well kept secret. Either way, it’s time to reveal all.
You're booking with
40% Response rate
Calendar last updated:10 Mar 2014
Based in Italy

domain: travel


Samsung is another biggest smartphone producing company rest of the world. They already gain their marketplace by releasing some extra-ordinary smartphone to the market. Samsung company is very well-known by their smartphones and many other kinds of electronic products.
As Usual the Samsung brand authority agree to launch an another amazing smartphone named Samsung Galaxy A04 Core smartphone with some interesting specifications.
The incredible Samsung Galaxy A04 Core comes with its interesting specification like as, 6.5 inches TFT LCD display, 8 megapixel rear camera with 1080p resolution, the huge 5000 Li-Polymer battery, Android 12 version operating system.
At this step, the specifications of the Samsung Galaxy A04 Core will be define first. If anyone trying to know about upcoming smartphone, they should recognize this smartphones features.
Samsung Galaxy A04 Core smartphone interesting specs!
Display & Design:
|Display Type||TFT LCD|
|Screen Resolution||720 × 1600 pixels|
|pixel Density||270 ppi|
|Rear Camera||8 MP, f/2.0, AF|
|Features||Auto Focus, LED Flash, ISO Control, Exposure Compensation, HDR|
|Selfie Camera||5 MP, f/2.2|
|Features||HDR, Auto Flash|
|WLAN||Wi-Fi 802.11, b/g/n, Mobile Hotspot|
|USB||USB Charging, Mass storage device|
|Operating System||Android 12|
|Chipset||Exynos 850 (8nm)|
|CPU||Octa-core 1.8 GHz Cortex-A53|
Battery & Storage Capacity:
|Battery Type||Li-Polymer (Non-removable)|
|RAM||3 & 4 GB|
|Internal Storage||32 & 64 GB|
|Fingerprint Sensor||Side-mounted Fingerprint Sensor|
|Other Sensors||Accelerometer, Proximity, Gyro etc.|
Definition of incredible Samsung Galaxy A04 Core!
Display & Looking:
One of the best speciality of the Samsung galaxy A04 Core is its effective TFT LCD 6.5 inches display. It comes with the 720×1600 pixels resolutions in its display. It has 270 ppi density and capacitive touchscreen with Multi-touch.
This smartphone will available in the market two types of colors such as Black, Blue.
The Samsung Galaxy A04 Core appering with the 8 Mp, f/2.0, AF primary camera. It has LED Flash, Auto HDR, exposure compensation, ISO control, continous shooting, digital zoom, face detection & Touch to focus facility.
the front or selfie camera is 5 MP, f/2.2 selfie camera. It also has HDR & Auto flash.
the camera features of this astonishing smartphone is perfect. Users can capture picturs and videos for professional photography.
Samsung Galaxy A04 Core coming with 4G Networking automation. It will support 4G Bands : TD-LTE 2300(band 40), FD-LTE 1800(band 3), 3G Bands : UMTS 1900 / 2100 / 850 / 900 MHz, 2G Bands : GSM 1800 / 1900 / 850 / 900 MHz, GPRS : Available, EDGE : Available. Dual nano SIM will connected to the phone. Wi-Fi 802.11 b/g/n, hotspot for WLAN connection. v5.0 bloutooth and A-GPS, GLONASS, BDS, GALILEO for GPS connectivity.
Mass storage device and USB charging will be supported.
Processor is the main part to control and operate a smartphone. So Samsung Galaxy A04 Core appearing with Android 12, Exynos 850(8nm) chipset and CPU of the phone is Octa-core 1.8 GHz Cortex-A53 & Adreno 506 is for this smartphones graphics/GPU.
Battery & Storage capacity:
Battery is the main power point of any electronic device or smartphone. So Samsung use the 5000mAH li-Polymer battery on their new smartphone Samsung Galaxy A04 Core. The charging capacity of the phone is very fast but they did not announced the capacity of charging.
Samsung Galaxy A04 Core has adequate 3and 4 GB RAM for installing apps for normal and additional work for users. This smartphone has 32 & 64 GB Internal storage. And its not bad for daily uses. It is just and wonderful combination with daily living needs.
Sensors And Others:
The Samsung Galaxy A04 Core has ultrasonic Side-mounted Fingerprint sensor. It has many other sensors such as Accelerometer, Gyro, Compass, proximity & Barometer.
Price & Release date of Amazing Samsung Galaxy A04 Core!
Samsung Galaxy A04 Core Smartphone will be launch in 31 August 2022. Price of this Amazing smartphone, Samsung Galaxy A04 Core is 19,375 Taka in BD. Samsung Galaxy A04 Core price in india 8,927 rupee. Samsung Galaxy A04 Core price in USA starts from $139 dollars. (Expected)
For more updates, Stay tuned and stay safe.
Thank you very much.
More info: Samsung Official


EVERETT — The city has hired a public information director with experience in television production, social media and emergency communications.
Meghan Pembroke is expected to start Aug. 7. She will earn about $88,000 a year.
Pembroke has eight years of experience in media and public relations. She comes to the city from Seattle Children’s Hospital where she served as a senior public relations specialist. Before that, Pembroke spent six years in communications with the Washington State Department of Transportation.
She holds a master’s degree in English literature from Washington State University and a bachelor’s degree in English literature and writing from Whitworth University.
Pembroke was nominated WSDOT Communicator of the Year in 2010. She replaces Kate Reardon, who resigned in June, saying she was leaving to accept “a new and exciting career opportunity.”
Reardon is the wife of Aaron Reardon, former Snohomish County executive, who stepped down as county executive at the end of May following a series of scandals.


text:
Last weekend I took myself on a 2 day self retreat to the mountains to connect and ground with the changing of the seasons. This time of the year calls me inward as the colors begin to fill the trees in celebration of their slow release to death. As I drew closer to my destination the sun was setting quickly and I knew I would not have cell phone service. Prepared for that, I
The official first day of summer as we have the longest day of the year in the Northern Hemisphere. Ancient civilizations built structures around the world to tap into the solstices as times of great wisdom and alignment. This was the mark to let them know when to plant and harvest crops. Whether we have a garden or not, we can still use this time to pause and evaluate our inner landscape and redirect
Do not underestimate the power of this New Moon Solar Eclipse! Today this beautiful offering comes to help us bring completion to what you have been working on over the past few weeks. For some, you might be experiencing a deep sense of loss or grief, increased anxiety or other physical ailments. Letting go of old ways of doing, thinking and being can be the most difficult thing we can do because it's
As emotional beings, we tend to move in an out of times of ups and downs. Wrestling with things in our lives that can take us to greater depths of healing, change and understanding. For me, it was difficult to understand why or when these times would show up more so than others until I realized there was a natural flow happening in the world around me. Over the past few years I
Family stories...we all have them. A story that we have been told our whole life about ourselves or another person in our family. A secret perhaps we were told to never repeat. Over the past couple of weeks it was brought to my attention that a family story I had been told for over 35 years was in fact, not truth. To be fair, there was some truth that was mixed in with
As we enter into this New Year, may we remember the roots we planted from 2020; the things we learned, the connections we made with our selves and one another and above all how we can take better care of ourselves and our loved ones. Usually with a New Year comes new promises we make to ourselves, goals, visions and expectations, but what if we enter into this year with a
My family and I have been in isolation for approximately 8 weeks now. It has been a powerful time of connection for me; connection to myself, my family, our greater community and to our Dear Pachamama (Mother Earth). After the first week or so I felt massive sighs of relief as if She is able to finally breathe again because we have slowed down.
My journey has always been a spiritual one, a path that has taken me all around the world, literally and figuratively, only to bring me home to myself. I have come to see that our path will continue to invite us to a greater awakening along our journey. We all have a choice though. Some may choose this awakening with the simple desire for something "better" while others need the cosmic two by

domain: psychology


text:
Gorgeous , I can just smell it now....ours will be ready soon too.........
Now that's crafty thinking - looks great! I might borrow that idea seeing we are in the same citrus situation.
Just make sure you balance the weight around your vase. Oh and be very aware of hungry little children with quick hands!!!
Love your blog *happy sigh*
Yum love mandarins ..i must plant some citrus
Beautiful!Our mandarins and oranges are ripening too. We have had no success with lemon trees and were going to try growing one in a pot.xTania
That looks gorgeous! One day...my citrus will grow healthy and big and strong like yours and I'll be able to take snippets inside! One day!
Awesome! And that is some cute tea cosy action happening in the back ground. :-)
Not only does it look great, it's practical too.I am very drawn to your tea cosy on your hutch.
A few of you spotted my favourite Tea cosy! Isn't it sweet, it was a lucky op shop find.Good luck to all you citrus growers...it's a nice time of the year when the fruits ripen, adds a bit of colour to the place, especially when you have no flowers in the garden!Thanks for your sweet comment Kimmie, you've made my day... :)
They look Yummy!Hopping over from Wee Farm! and liking your blog!Hope to see you sometime here in Indiana!?! ;-)ThanksLeontienwww.fourleafcloverdairy.blogspot.com
Thanks for stopping by today, please take a moment to say Hi and leave a comment it’s nice to know who's visiting. Your comments, questions and answers are all an extension to my posts and I appreciate each and every one of them. Thank you for taking the time.Karen

domain: hobby


text:
Bridie Smith Cuts to the CSIRO will have long-term and detrimental effects on Australia's ability to innovate and form partnerships with leading companies, it has warned.
Bridie Smith The head of the CSIRO's business and commercialisation arm has warned that a funding cut in next month's federal budget would have long-term detrimental effects on the nation's ability to innovate.
Bridie Smith Scientists have for the first time been able to see how the body's immune system deals with zinc oxide nanoparticles, an ingredient found in many popular sunscreens.
Bridie Smith Fears about dangers of nanoparticles in sunscreen may be unfounded, with research showing they are unlikely to harm beachgoers.
Mark Kenny, Noel Towell and Bridie Smith The federal government is under pressure to prove its commitment to scientific research and development after a succession of early decisions fuelling fears that it is anti-science.
Bridie Smith Anti-cancer drugs in clinical trials for some types of leukaemia could prove effective in treating the most common type of breast cancer, according to Australian researchers.
Bridie Smith Australia is ill-equipped to preserve and protect its threatened native wildlife and a national gene bank should be established urgently, conservation scientists say.
Bridie Smith Money may not grow on trees but researchers have found that the next best thing does. Gold.
Bridie Smith A blood test could soon identify people at risk of developing Alzheimer's disease, after Australian scientists identified a series of markers associated with the degenerative condition.
Bridie Smith A blood test could soon identify people at risk of developing Alzheimer's disease, after Australian scientists identified a series of markers associated with the condition.
Bridie Smith Australian scientists have played a vital role in developing the diagnostic test for the latest deadly strain of bird flu, and their work is now being exported.
Bridie Smith Australian scientists have played a key role in developing a diagnostic test for the latest deadly strain of bird flu - and their work is being exported.
Bridie Smith When Bill and Melinda Gates put out the call for a suitable animal to test drugs for the debilitating river blindness disease, geneticist Warwick Grant knew he had just the thing.
Bridie Smith International team of researchers develops the first vaccine for the deadly Hendra virus.
Bridie Smith AN international team of researchers has developed the first horse vaccine for the deadly Hendra virus, using the ovary cells of a Chinese hamster.
Bridie Smith For more than 30 years they have regularly scrutinised vitamin supplements, questioned crop circles, tested telepathy and challenged crystal power.
Bridie Smith The CSIRO scientists' role in the project was to establish how to prevent viruses reproducing in cells in the laboratory.
Bridie Smith Female scientists in Australia do not get the recognition, funding or careers they deserve. But serious steps are being taken to change that.
Bridie Smith INGRID Scheffer is getting used to the limelight. Just back from Paris, where she received the L'Oreal-UNESCO Women in Science award as the Asia-Pacific laureate, Professor Scheffer feels that,...
Bridie Smith Australia and South Africa will share joint custody of the world's largest radio telescope.

domain: health


Given that emerging economies continue to grow two or three times faster than advanced economies, the persistent gloom about their prospects is puzzling. The latest example comes from The Economist, which argues that convergence, the process by which poorer countries catch up to rich countries over time, was a temporary phenomenon that has largely run its course. The past 15 years have 'deceived people into thinking that broad convergence is the natural way of things.'
How did they come to this view? The first decade of this century saw a rapid but unsustainable pace of convergence. China led the way with double-digit growth, and even the traditional laggards (such as India and Brazil) did well. Double-digit growth is not unprecedented (pre-1980 Japan, and a number of Asian economies, have come close) but it was never sustainable in the longer term
But just because convergence has slowed from this rapid pace doesn't mean it has ended. China's 7% growth rate doubles total income every decade. And it is sustainable. After all, even countries once seen as 'basket cases', such as Indonesia, recorded average growth of 7% for the three decades of the Soeharto era.
The other sleight of hand is to focus on the catch-up period associated with the 2008 financial crisis. The emerging economies continued to grow while the advanced economies had falling GDP, which has been followed by feeble recoveries. The fact that this was a 'once-off' conjuncture which is now behind us doesn't signal the end of convergence. [fold]
On top of this, the World Bank data used by The Economist does indeed make this look like a halcyon decade: 'output per person in the emerging world doubled between 2000 and 2009; the average annual rate of growth over that decade was 7.6%'. It was good decade, but not that good. IMF figures suggest that emerging economy growth in this period was around 2 percentage points slower than The Economist's.
The Economist's rose-tinted version of the past is contrasted with a gloomy outlook. It says that the IMF 'put the difference between the growth in emerging markets other than China and growth in the developed world at just 0.39 percentage points this year'. With this differential, full convergence would take 'more than 300 years'.
But the latest IMF forecasts show advanced economies growing at 1.8% while emerging economies are growing at 4.6%. True, this figure includes China's growth, but even so it is inconsistent with The Economist's numbers. This difference in growth rates shown in current IMF estimates (with the emerging economies growing around 2-3 percentage points faster) might be seen as closer to the overall convergence prospects than The Economist's 'indistinguishable from never' assessment.
But in any case, the convergence story was never about aggregates, combining the diverse experience of all emerging economies taken together. The convergence story is the counter to the view that poor countries are inexorably stuck in poverty because of geography, lack of savings, or unreformable institutions. This pessimistic generalisation is refuted by the cases of Singapore, Taiwan and South Korea. Then, rebutting the argument that these were special cases, less dynamic economies like Thailand and Indonesia showed that the income gap could be narrowed, even in the face of inefficient and corrupt institutions. The point of the convergence story is that, with competent policies, poor countries can grow quickly by adopting proven technology and techniques.
It was never part of the convergence story that all poor countries would make the journey, or that it would be quick. Even China's three decades of outstanding growth have not made it rich, yet. And in any case, the objective of matching the moving target of rich-country living standards is not an essential part of the narrative. Even to get half way, to the stage where most people have been lifted out of poverty, would be a result to be cheered, not disparaged by glum mutterings about the 'middle-income trap'.
There is a message here with relevance for Australia. Convergence is happening, and it's happening in our region. Despite all the gloom from global commentators, the IMF data shows that 'emerging and developing Asia' has recorded a steady 6.5% growth rate, both in recent years and in the forecast. This is in a world full of talk of 'secular stagnation' in the advanced economies, with Europe still mired in debt and gloom, America's recovery yet to gain momentum and Latin America falling back into its traditional languor. Our part of the globe is doing just fine, thanks to convergence.
Graph courtesy of The Economist.


text:
Tripoli: Militants claiming loyalty to Islamic State said on Sunday they were behind twin bomb attacks on the residence of the Iranian ambassador in the Libyan capital and a rocket strike on the eastern Labraq airport, a group statement.
The attack on the ambassador's residence came two days after the group claimed responsibility for a double suicide bombing that killed more than 40 people in the eastern town of Qubbah, one of the worst attacks on civilians since a 2011 uprising toppled Muammar Gaddafi.
Western powers are concerned that Libya is emerging as a thriving battleground for militants loyal to Islamic State, which controls large areas of Iraq and Syria. Islamist fighters have exploited instability as two rival governments fight for control of territory.
The group has stepped up attacks since Egypt launched air strikes on suspected militant targets in the eastern Libyan city of Derna last Monday, a day after Islamists released a video showing the execution of a group of Egyptian Coptic Christians.
No one was injured in the bombs attacks at the gate of the Iranian ambassador's residence in Tripoli, with Iran's official IRNA news agency confirming Iran had already suspended operations there.
A Reuters reporter at the scene saw the second device explode some 30 minutes after the first. Minor damage could be seen at the gate.
The militants also claimed responsibility for a Grad rocket attack on Labraq airport, announced by officials on Saturday. No one was hurt.
The airport is the main gateway into eastern Libya and Bayda, seat of the internationally recognised prime minister, Abdullah al-Thinni.
His government and the House of Representatives, elected in June, have been working out of the east since a faction called Libya Dawn seized Tripoli in August, reinstating the previous assembly and setting up a rival administration.
Last month, militants claiming affiliation with Islamic State stormed the Corinthia luxury hotel in Tripoli, killing five foreigners and at least four Libyans.
Turkish troops push into IS-held territory in Syria
Also on Sunday, almost 600 Turkish troops pushed deep into Syria in an unprecedented incursion, evacuating Turkish soldiers guarding a historic tomb who had been stranded in territory controlled by Islamic State jihadists.
The Damascus government, which no longer controls the area but is at loggerheads with Ankara over the Syria conflict, lashed out at what it described as a "flagrant aggression" on Syrian territory.
Turkish Prime Minister Ahmet Davutoglu said the mission early Sunday had succeeded, with the soldiers returning safely home and also bringing back the tomb containing the remains of Suleyman Shah, grandfather of the Ottoman empire's founder, Osman I.
A Turkish government official confirmed that the mission was the first incursion Turkish troops had launched inside Syria since the civil war began in 2011.
In a hugely symbolic move, Turkish troops also seized control of a new area inside Syria close to the Turkish border where officials said the tomb will be relocated within days.
Turkish television showed pictures of troops triumphantly planting the Turkish flag at the new location in the night-time operation.
Turkish tanks had earlier driven through the ruined streets of the Syrian town of Kobane – controlled by Kurdish fighters after a months long battle with jihadists – on their way to the tomb.
There were reportedly 40 Turkish soldiers guarding the mausoleum complex of Suleyman Shah on the Euphrates River, which under a 1920s treaty is considered sovereign Turkish territory and carries huge symbolic importance to Turks as a link to their pre-Ottoman past.
After taking everything of historical value, the Turkish troops detonated the building that housed the tomb so it was not misused afterwards by jihadists, Turkish media said.
President Recep Tayyip Erdogan congratulated the armed forces on the operation – codenamed Shah Firat (Shah Euphrates) – and confirmed that the tomb would be relocated in the Syrian district of Eshme, just 200 metres from the Turkish border.
"Our flag will continue to fly in a new place to keep alive the memory of our ancestors," he said.
A soldier was killed in an accident during the operation to evacuate the guards at the tomb, which is some 37km inside Syrian territory, the Turkish army said in a separate statement.

domain: news


You are using an outdated browser. Please upgrade your browser to improve your ReverbNation experience.
Manager: Arnab Neogi
'Andaaz-e-FAKIR' a Fusion band from kolkata presents before you different shades of music from various fields.
We all belong from different genres of music and have decided to come up with this new project.
"AndaaZ-e-FAKIR" presents you with fusion, classical, folk, blues...More Info
Jit n Ayan from Abanddone going live for a performance @ La Shivaaz for The Open Mic Night Be there and witness the duos performing as solo performers for the first time.
Ask Andaaz e fakir anything...
Asked by Ranar. Answered on Thu Oct 17 2013
Song Plays 254 +2
Video Plays 35
Total Fans 900
ReverbNation Fans 18
Facebook Likes 875
Twitter Followers 1
YouTube Subscribers 1


text:
Ghostbusters: Afterlife in 1080p
When a single mom and her two kids arrive in a small town, they begin to discover their connection to the original Ghostbusters and the secret legacy their grandfather left behind.
Ghostbusters: Afterlife putlocker9
For me this movie is one of the best movie released in year 2021. Ghostbusters: Afterlife is a great lesson in filmmaking for all aspiring directors. The image organizer and the person responsible for the photos have chosen plein-air locations that are pleasing to the eye, despite the fact that the camera's work is quite typical, but thanks to this, you can focus more on the actors and their playing. The mood is complemented by well-chosen music. So if you have not yet seen the revelation that the Jason... Show more
You may also like


text:
Browse or search our full listing of arts and culture policy news, from IFACCA announcements, editorials and international news, to events and opportunities. Use the filters to refine your search by country, theme, topic or date.
Showing 439 results, ordered by Latest first.
Arts Council Chief Executive, Roisín McDonough, welcomes the news that theatres and concert venues in Northern Ireland can reopen from 27th July 2021. “The announcement yesterday by the Executive in relation to the reopening of theatres and arts venues is to be welcomed as an important step forward for the arts sector to begin to return to some sort of normality.
Roisín McDonough, Chief Executive of the Arts Council of Northern Ireland, was joined by other senior members of the Arts Council’s Executive to discuss the positive contribution the creative sector makes to the economy and society. Also under discussion was the pandemic’s impact, after over 14 months of lockdown, on income and revenue generation, employment, and the need for continued investment in the arts sector, as well as additional emergency funding needed for organisations and individual artists.
The £12.2 million restoration and development of the Grand Opera House in Belfast has been completed, allowing the Grand Opera House Trust and its Chief Executive to plan for its full reopening in line with the recovery from the covid-19 pandemic.
The commissioning programme is part of BBC Arts’ Culture in Quarantine initiative, which has brought the arts into people’s homes during lockdown. The twelve new commissions will champion the work of disabled artists by helping them produce work when some may have been self-isolating, and provide a platform to explore their experiences of living through Covid-19.
Arts Care, one of the leading arts, health and well-being organisations based in Northern Ireland, has been providing an online arts training programme to healthcare workers with the aim of upskilling staff and giving them the confidence to deliver arts activities to vulnerable older people in residential care settings.
The Arts Council of Northern Ireland is asking artists and organisations that received emergency funding in the last 12 months to complete a short online survey to evaluate its impact on the sector.


text:
The phrase, "Yes In My Back Yard" has a palpable sting for Southwest Portland residents near Multnomah Village.
In November, City Commissioner Dan Ryan's office released plans to put a Safe Rest Village in the parking lot of the Sgt. Jerome Sears Army Reserve building. The temporary homeless shelter has yet to come to fruition, but the project has already soured neighbors.
For one woman, whose property abuts the Sears Armory, a chain link fence and 15 feet are the only buffer between her bedroom walls and the armory parking lot. She's anxiously awaiting layout logistics for the temporary shelter, which could see the addition of up to 60 outdoor living pods.
"Usually there are public hearings for these things," said the homeowner, who declined to give her name due to privacy concerns. She's lived in the neighborhood since 2003 and remembers the last time the city used the old armory site as a temporary homeless shelter in 2015.
"We saw an increase in needles around the neighborhood and fighting, but this feels worse," she said.
The neighbor said she found out about the latest Safe Rest Village plans not from the city, but from news outlets and her neighbors. That left her feeling blindsided.
"They don't consider us stakeholders," the woman said of city leaders.
Toward the back of the armory property, a short unpaved path leads to the West Hills Christian School, a small, private K-8 campus.
"The city did not provide any notice or time for us to prepare for this unexpected and unprecedented development," West Hills Principal Doug Loiler said in a media statement released by the school.
School leaders said on Dec. 1 they first learned about the proposed Sears Armory shelter via media outlets the week prior.
The Multnomah Neighborhood Association also confirmed it was notified about plans "an hour before" the city announcement was made.
West Hills noted the city appears to be moving forward "without considering impacts" to the school and its young students, or the neighborhood.
"Our request is that the commissioner and city ensure there is time and opportunity for the necessary due diligence to be completed prior to moving forward," Loiler added.
Commissioner Ryan said during a Dec. 8 town hall meeting with county and state leaders that no one who is prohibited from living near a school will be allowed to stay at the Sears Armory site.
"Safety of the shelter residents is also a priority concern for us," Chariti Montez, a staffer in Ryan's office, noted.
School leaders and neighbors of the property want a public review of the site's suitability for use as an outdoor shelter village, with a process for community input before plans move forward, but that's unlikely to happen.
"We do not engage the community on whether a site is viable. That is a decision our team makes," said Bryan Aptekar, a communications liaison for the Safe Rest Villages initiative in Ryan's office. Staff in the commissioner's office said there will be a community engagement process to "address concerns, perceptions and misconceptions about what Safe Rest Villages will and won't be and to discuss how the village can best become part of the community."
The Safe Rest Village plan has already been supported by the Portland City Council and gotten funding via the city's share of American Rescue Plan Act dollars. Representatives with Ryan's office noted there are no plans for the SRV initiative to go before the Portland City Council in the near future.
In April, the council approved a Shelter to Housing Continuum, which modified city zoning codes to allow for the establishment of outdoor villages.
Ryan's team cited "a long process of doing due diligence, to determine if a site is viable," and noted the Sears Armory was among hundreds of properties around the city that were considered, most of which were not viable.
"No one wants to be in the place we are in and together we must all lean in and take action," Commissioner Ryan said via email to the Connection. "The city recently secured investments to address this emergency, and now we need partners and community to be part of the solution. The current conditions for our houseless neighbors are grim.Â A little shared sacrifice and commitment is needed from the heart and soul of each Portlander."
In the few short weeks since the shelter site has been announced for Southwest Portland, residents have created their own Safe Rest Village website, criticizing the plan and accusing city leaders of pushing "conspicuous drug use" and "verified reports of violence" into residential areas.
Neighbors lamented the lack of notice or outreach prior to plans being announced. A list of surplus properties under consideration for SRVs released in July didn't include the Sears Armory. Some have questioned why the city isn't looking more closely at industrial areas or vacant commercial properties.
According to the city, each Safe Rest Village site will have security fencing and be managed by a contracted nonprofit organization that provides a host of services to village residents.
Not everyone opposes the project.
"I've got residents that live in the neighborhood also that are asking, 'What can I do to support this? What can I do to help?'" Multnomah Neighborhood Association chair Moses Ross said. The neighborhood group is trying to facilitate community meetings via Zoom with county leaders and staff from Commissioner Ryan's office. No meeting dates have been set yet.
"The city's trying to come up with solutions here to a very real problem we need to address," Ross said. "If it's our civic responsibility to step up and embrace our neighbors like this, then we do need to have a process for a say so in this, certainly."
Emergency management site used as shelter in 2015
The pushback has been framed by some as peak NIMBYism from a community that has been fairly insulated from the reality of Portland's homeless crisis. Commissioner Ryan said there's a misconception that Safe Rest Villages will mirror the myriad unmanaged homeless camps throughout Portland.
Some of the community opposition comes from mistrust of the city that bubbled over from late 2015 and early 2016, when the armory was last used as a shelter. At that time, shelter beds were indoors.
"Last time, we were up all night for six months with the sirens, shouting and visible drug use," said Lisa, who lives nearby with her husband, David. The couple agreed to speak only if their last names were withheld. "The mayor was inaccessible. There was no security. It was so poorly managed last time."
The couple fears a lack of resources and support services for the number of people who might relocate to the site.
The armory in Multnomah Village is a deed-restricted property, limited to emergency management operations and training. Currently, it's used for law enforcement and emergency responder training and most visibly, as a storage lot for construction equipment related to the ongoing Capitol Highway Improvement Project.
Ross recalled that sometime in the last decade, a group was formed with the goal of converting the armory into an affordable housing site, but the property deed restrictions wouldn't allow it.
Commissioner Ryan's office posits the city's growing homeless population is a crisis, and the Shelter to Housing Continuum is a form of emergency management.
You count on us to stay informed and we depend on you to fund our efforts. Quality local journalism takes time and money. Please support us to protect the future of community journalism.


text:
RIP James Michael Tyler: Honor this ‘Friends’ actor with Gunther’s best quotes
American actor James Michael Tyler, best known for his role as Gunther in Friends, has died at age fifty-nine. After his battle with prostate cancer, Tyler passed away peacefully at his home in Los Angeles on Sunday morning, according to a statement from his manager.
Remember the actor and his iconic role as the Central Perk barista by reading statements from his manager and former Friends cast members. Also, check out some of Gunther’s most hilarious quotes from the popular sitcom.
Official statement from his manager
“The world knew him as Gunther (the seventh ‘Friend’), from the hit series Friends, but Michael’s loved ones knew him as an actor, musician, cancer-awareness advocate, and loving husband,” said the statement from his manager.
The notice also lovingly added, “If you met him once you made a friend for life.” It also shares that James Michael Tyler “ is survived by his wife, Jennifer Carno, the love of his life.”
In 2018, Tyler was diagnosed with advanced prostate cancer which later spread to his bones. As a result, the Friends actor had strongly promoted the need for men to get screened for the disease.
“Wanting to help as many people as possible, he bravely shared his story and became a campaigner for those with a prostate to get a. . . blood test as early as 40-years-old,” his manager said.
Friends cast pays tribute to James Michael Tyler
Most of the Friends cast took to Instagram to share their favorite moments with Tyler and their gratitude towards him. David Schwimmer, who played Ross, thanked Tyler for playing “such a wonderful, unforgettable role” in Friends. Schwimmer described Tyler as “such a big-hearted gentleman”. He concluded, “You will be missed, buddy.”
Jennifer Aniston, who played Rachel, wrote in an Instagram post, “Friends would not have been the same without you. Thank you for the laughter you brought to the show and to all of our lives. You will be so missed”.
Meanwhile, Courtney Cox wrote, “The size of gratitude you brought into the room and showed every day on set is the size of the gratitude I hold for having known you. Rest in peace, James.”
It’s tragic to lose an actor from such a memorable & beloved role. Although Gunther’s character in Friends is minor, he was a fixture for the show and brought some of his own iconic lines. Let’s look at Gunther’s best quotes from Friends.
Gunther’s slight temper tantrum
As we all know, Gunther is infatuated with Rachel and can’t help but noticeably seethe with jealousy whenever she’s with another man. After Gunther has been trying to find a way to ask Rachel out on a date, another guy beats him to it right before his eyes.
As a result, Gunther makes his way to the back of the shop and noisily breaks everything in sight, all off-screen. However, the noise of utter destruction shocks everyone in Central Perk. When he returns back to the counter, Gunther dryly declares, “I dropped a cup.”
Gunther, the barista/Porsche-owner
Considering Gunther has to see the Friends crew on what seems to be a daily basis, he’s got no problem hitting them with his iconic deadpan sarcasm. After Joey finds a pair of Porsche keys sitting on the cafe’s counter, he asks Gunther if they belong to him. In response, Gunther coldly replies, “Yes, that’s what I drive. I make four bucks an hour. I saved up for 350 years.”
Nosey, but not exactly informed
Obviously, Gunther is around the gang fairly often. However, sometimes we’ve got to be reminded that the Central Perk manager/waiter has his own life too. Yes, he eavesdrops from time to time, but he doesn’t by any means know everything about the Friends group.
This is evident after Joey comes running into the coffee shop and asks Gunther if he’s seen Chandler, to which he responds, “I thought you were Chandler.” We can’t help but laugh at how blatantly honest Gunther is. He even further adds, “One of you is over there.”
Rest in peace James Michael Tyler, your humor & talent will be missed. What are some of your favorite quotes from Gunther? Is he your favorite Friends side character? Let us know in the comments below!

domain: celebrity


text: The International Day of Italian Cuisines (IDIC) will return on Sunday January 17, 2010. As in the past editions, it will be a worldwide celebration of authentic and quality Italian Cuisine, to defend it from bogus and counterfeiting. Hundreds of chefs and restaurateurs all around the world (see the list) will cook simultaneously on that day Tagliatelle al Ragù alla Bolognese, according to an authentic recipe (see recipe). As in the past the backbone of the global ola of Tagliatelle will be the GVCI associates in over 40 countries. But any Italian Food lover or any lover of just good food can join the ola, by just registering here. The 2010 IDIC will be launched in New York City for two days (13 and 14 January) of great events, hosted by Cesare Casella, Dean of the Italian Culinary Academy and itchefs-GVCI senior member. Talented chefs from all over the world – including 3 Michelin stared Chicco Cerea and Mario Batali - will gather in the Big Apple for a Media and Industry Preview of the worldwide Sunday January 17 celebration. In Europe, Stuttgart will be one of the main events of the International Day of Italian Cuisines, with a special celebration of Tagliatelle al Ragù alla Bolognese and the Sunday’s meal (Il pranzo della domenica), one of the most defining moments of Italian culinary traditions. Stuttgart based celebrity chef Sante De Santis, will host gifted chefs such as Marco Sacco (Piccolo Lago Verbania, Italy), Roland Schuller (The Drawing Room, Hong Kong) and Donato De Santis (Buenos Aires).


text:
“Give me the summer and I will give you the continent.”
–Un-Jargal, Supreme Commander of the Waanling Host
Chief spy Mara Bennet’s worst fears come true when the Commonwealth of Waan invades her homeland. To complicate matters, Mara and her country’s ruler are stranded in a remote northern realm. The two of them must outrun enemy warships on a perilous sea voyage home. Meanwhile fourteen-year-old Princess Deborah finds herself unexpectedly on the throne.
Can Deborah learn to rule in the midst of treachery? Can Mara use her strategic skills to turn back the Waanling onslaught? Will pillaging armies reduce the land to famine? Find out in The Rending of the World.
Rending features seven maps detailing battle plans and troop movements.
This book completes the Mara series.
E-book now available. Paperback coming in late October or early November 2021.

domain: literature


text:
13 passengers who returned from foreign travel are missing in UP’s Baghpat district. The health department is searching for all the missing passengers. The CMO has started searching for all the passengers by forming a team. In view of the danger of Omicron, all the passengers who had returned from foreign travel had to be isolated.
The Health Department is keeping a close watch on people returning from countries affected by the new variant Omichrome of Corona virus. Instructions have been issued to all the district officers from the government. After this, the Health Department is alert in Baghpat district. The Health Department has received a list of 28 passengers who came to Baghpat district within a week. Out of this, 13 people are said to be missing. While 15 passengers have been isolated so far. Chief Medical Officer Dinesh Kumar said that the list of passengers coming from abroad is updated daily. Some passengers have not been received by the department. The health department team is searching for the missing passengers.
International number became the cause of trouble
Dr Digvijay Singh said that people who have returned from abroad have given their international numbers in their information. Due to this the health department is facing problems. When phone calls are made from the department, no response is received. The government is being made aware of this difficulty and a list has been prepared to send the information of such people to the government.
Omicron Variant: How is the preparation of the UP government regarding the Omicron variant of Corona, watch the video
spurt in vaccination
Vaccination also accelerated on Tuesday as soon as the strike of NHM employees in the district ended. Due to this, 7443 people were vaccinated in 744 sessions. CMO Dr Dinesh Kumar said that soon the entire district will be given the full dose.
Bagpat Corona Update: 13 passengers from abroad are missing, the threat of Omicron stirs up the Baghpat Health Department


Han Solo may be an exceptional aircraft pilot, but Harrison Ford may be another story. The actor accidentally almost hit a commercial airplane with his own aircraft on Monday. Thankfully, nobody was hurt in the accident.
It sounds like Harrison Ford may have mixed up some landing instructions while flying his single engine Husky airplane on Monday and wound up almost causing a serious accident, and now he might be facing some serious repercussions, NBC News reported. Flight controllers at Orange County California's John Wayne Airport had informed Ford to land on a specific runway at the airport, but Ford mistakenly aimed for the taxiway instead --- that's the area near the terminals where commercial airplanes are either preparing to take off or deboard. Because of this mistake, Ford's aircraft flew just over an American Airlines plane with 116 people on board.
Thankfully, Harrison Ford's plane narrowly avoided making contact with the commercial flight, which safely departed for its flight to Dallas moments later, but that isn't going to save the actor from the Federal Aviation Administration's (FAA) investigation and potential punishment. The FAA is reporting that not only did the flight controllers give Ford clear instructions to land on the runway, but Ford even repeated them back correctly. And since landing an aircraft on an airport taxiway against instruction is in violation of the FAA's safety rules, the organization is now opening up an investigation against Ford, which could possibly result in the suspension of his aviation license. Sounds like the Millennium Falcon could be staying on the ground from now on...
Though Harrison Ford has a been praised for his aviation skills by many in the field and has over 50 years of experience in piloting planes and helicopters, this recent accident isn't his first flight faux pas. Back in 1999, Ford crashed a helicopter he was piloting while on a training flight with an instructor. Though neither Ford nor the instructor were hurt in the crash, the helicopter he was piloting wound up destroyed. And more recently in 2015, Ford was forced to make an emergency crash landing in the middle of a golf course in Venice, California after reporting that his plane's engine had failed. Although Ford suffered a broken pelvis and ankle in the crash, he was praised for redirecting the crash landing into the golf course at the last minute, as he was headed for a row of suburban homes.
Despite these crashes, Harrison Ford has been revered as an excellent pilot by a number of aviation organizations throughout the years. Throughout the mid-2000s, Ford served as chairman of the Young Eagles program of the Experimental Aircraft Association (EAA), flying nearly 300 children in his aircrafts. He was inducted into the Living Legends of Aviation in 2008, and subsequently had a special award in the association named after him.
Reportedly, the FAA deciding to suspend Harrison Ford's license after this taxiway mix-up is the worst it could go --- it's also possible that they let him off with just a warning or a fine, which seems like what what will probably wind up happening given Ford's celebrity and the fact that nobody was actually harmed. So it looks like Harrison Ford will fly another day, although maybe not... we'll have to wait to see for sure.
Your Daily Blend of Entertainment News
Thank you for signing up to CinemaBlend. You will receive a verification email shortly.
There was a problem. Please refresh the page and try again.


text:
Published on 1 February 2013
Roger Gent, chairman of the largest association of free range egg producers, the British Free Range Egg Producers' Association (BFREPA), is calling on major retailers to abandon the requirement for egg producers to use only Non GM feed.
The premium that egg producers are having to pay for Non GM soya is selling at a £100 per tonne premium over GM soya - adding unnecessary costs at a time when free range egg producers are facing a severe financial squeeze. Some soya importers are warning that they may soon not be able to obtain the supplies of Non GM soya they need because growers in north and south America are planting predominantly GM crops. Although Asda and Morrisons have now dropped their insistence on Non GM feed, other retailers have yet to follow. Roger Gent is now appealing for them to act before it is too late.

domain: economics


Brent bounces back
In the college town of Missoula, Mont., Brent Musburger is greeted like a prodigal son. He’s here to accept an honorary doctorate from the University of Montana, and the local press stays at his heels, sensing an even bigger story than the new and controversial ordinance that levies a $500 fine on homeowners if they don’t tidy up their yards. Such are the issues that dominate the headlines in Musburger country.
Born in Portland, Ore., and raised in Big Timber, Mont., near Billings, the 50-year-old Musburger long ago achieved big-city fame as the cornerstone of CBS Sports, but he’s still regarded as a Montanan. Strangers tell him tales of knowing his father when the older Musburger was a scholarship basketball player at U of M; others pump him for predictions on when the Denver Broncos, Missoula’s ”home team,” might win the Super Bowl. In response, Musburger tells of Bronco quarterback John Elway’s first game in a kids’ league: how John’s dad said to be sure to tell the coach he was a quarterback but how young John played to his own defiant streak and said he was a running back. ”So maybe if Elway would go back to being a halfback,” Musburger says, ”the Broncos would finally win it all.” That kind of story gets a belly laugh in Missoula.
Musburger is here on leave from the humiliation of being the most publicly fired public figure of the year; for the moment, he’s being down-home with the locals. Maybe it’s quirky timing, or maybe it’s just that his karma is off, but on this sunny day in May, a column in the Missoulian lists the most overhyped stories in sports, and there, behind subjects like Bo Jackson and the sorry plight of being a Chicago Cubs fan, is Brent Musburger.
The column pales in comparison with the banner headlines in New York tabloids a month before. That was when, on the eve of the NCAA basketball championship game, one of Musburger’s showcase assignments, CBS Sports flat-out fired him. For the first time in his life, he was front-page news.
Musburger made news again two weeks later when he signed with ABC Sports — not for the $2 million a year CBS was paying him but for a mere $11 million for six years.
”I have been emotionally battered,” Musburger says, ”but intellectually I’m fine. I knew I’d work again. But it was ridiculous that I had become a bigger story than the game itself.”
His dismissal was shocking. ”There was no warning whatsoever,” says Musburger, who had thought he was renegotiating his contract with CBS. ”The people in charge must have thought as long ago as last fall that they wanted to make a change. There were never any real negotiations.”
The night after he was dismissed, Musburger called the championship game and waited until the end to say good-bye to the audience. It was a classy performance. But press speculation about the firing left Musburger feeling as if he had to ”compete with the powerful public-relations arm of a major corporation.” He struck back with appearances on NBC’s Late Night with David Letterman and ABC’s PrimeTime Live. On the ABC show, he accused CBS executives of a ”vendetta” and called his contract talks a ”sham.”
Though as well-known as any sports announcer in the country, Musburger is unimposing, more nebbish than notable, more nasal than forceful. His face is so long from pate to chin that viewers could be excused if they tried to adjust the vertical controls on their sets. He also talks too much, and admits it. ”When I’m watching tapes of a game I did, there are many times when I get tired of the sound of my own voice,” he says. ”I turn the sound off or just shut the damn thing off and walk away.”
He also concedes that ”hype is a term often associated with me.” But he counters: ”If I’m not enthusiastic about it, who’s going to be?” He does not quarrel with the observation that he is more a shill than a journalist, acknowledging that ”it would be virtually impossible for someone who shares the responsibility for making an event a success to be a pure journalist.”
People tend to love him or hate him. And so it was at CBS Sports, where Musburger had reigned for two decades. He was the enthusiastic play-by-play man when the Boston Celtics and the Phoenix Suns went to triple overtime in the fifth game of the 1976 NBA championship series. He was still on his game when he described Doug Flutie’s Hail Mary touchdown pass in the closing seconds of the 1984 Boston College-University of Miami game. That event sealed both Flutie’s Heisman Trophy selection and Musburger’s credentials as the announcer best equipped to call the play of the year.
And then there was the anchor post on the top-rated NFL Today show, where Musburger became more than just a play-by-play man.
But with success came frequent reports that he was a tyrant in the studio. His image was bruised in 1980, when Musburger and fellow NFL Today commentator Jimmy ”The Greek” Snyder had a one-punch scuffle in a Manhattan restaurant. The stories intensified in 1985, when he negotiated his $2 million-a-year contract and usurped the role, if not the title, of managing editor of NFL Today. And in 1989 former CBS Sports producer Terry O’Neil criticized Musburger in his book The Game Behind the Game.
Yet Musburger remained the anchor of every important CBS sportscast — until last year, when he began losing showcase assignments: the Masters golf and U.S. Open tennis tournaments, college football games. Even with those setbacks, though, his prominent role at the network seemed secure: He got top billing for CBS Sports’ new billion-dollar events, Major League baseball (including the World Series) and the 1992 and 1994 Winter Olympics.
Then, early on April 1, CBS Sports executives, fearing that word was getting out, formally announced that their biggest star had been let go.
”I was staying at the Hyatt in Denver,” Musburger says, ”and I went up to the front desk to get my messages when I ran into Steve Solomon (the No. 2 man at ABC Sports). Solomon stopped me and said he had just spoken to (ABC Sports president) Dennis Swanson, and Dennis would like to talk to me. And I said, ‘Steve, you tell Dennis I’ll ride with him anytime he wants.”’
While Musburger was at the game, Solomon already was meeting with Musburger’s brother and agent, Todd, back at the hotel. Within a few weeks, Musburger was under contract to ABC Sports.
”ABC had me at a tremendous negotiating disadvantage,” Musburger says. ”They could have negotiated from a very strong position, but they did not. They chose to come in and make me as happy to be with the network as possible.”
There wasn’t much of a bidding war for Musburger. He had held talks with Ted Turner about joining Turner Network Television. ”Those talks were very real,” he says. ”Turner and I had lunch together; we met in his office. He’s quite a charmer. I could have easily worked for him, but ABC offered six years and I felt I had to stay in the network mainstream.”
But life will be different at ABC Sports. The consummate studio tactician is now at a network where he’ll do almost no studio work. Musburger will return to the play-by-play ranks, beginning with the Little League World Series in August.
”I don’t care what you put me on,” he says. ”Hell, I’ve done more schlock sports than anybody. I’ve done the Human Fly, a guy walking on airplanes.”
It won’t all be Little League assignments, however. Musburger will announce college football games and cover the international football league that starts next spring. He’ll also be the studio host in January for the Super Bowl, with Al Michaels calling play-by-play.
And there lies what could become Musburger’s next controversy. His arrival at ABC has made him the network’s Deborah Norville to Michaels’ Jane Pauley. (Michaels reportedly would like to be freed from his ABC contract to move to CBS to handle baseball.)
”My doing Monday Night Football and the Super Bowl came up obviously because ABC is having problems with Al Michaels and his contract,” Musburger says. ”But I’d be happy if Al stays at ABC as long as I do.”
Musburger says he is not bitter about his years at CBS. He’s sorry he won’t be able to do the World Series, he says, ”because there are people out there who say I can’t do baseball.”
Still, there is much to do at ABC, new shows and new people to work with. ”They’ve got some great broadcasters,” he says. ”Jim McKay set the standards for everyone. Keith Jackson. Frank Gifford. Dan Dierdorf, a friend I worked with at CBS. I probably added 10 years to my life by getting a new set of letters to work for.”


Kawasaki Vulcan 700 & Vulcan 750 1985 - 2006 Clymer Owners Service & Repair Manual covers the following models:
● VN700 Vulcan 700 (1985)
● VN750 Vulcan 750 (1986-2006)
● QUICK REFERENCE DATA
● GENERAL INFORMATION
Manual organization / Notes, cautions and warnings / Safety first / Service hints / Washing the bike / Special tips / Torque specifications / Fasteners / Lubricants / RTV gasket sealant / Gasket remover / Threadlocking compound / Expendable supplies / Serial numbers / Warning and information labels / Basic hand tools / Precision measuring tools / Special tools / Fabricating tools / Mechanicfs tips / Ball bearing replacement / Seals / Riding safety / Storage / Specifications
Operating requirements / Troubleshooting instruments / Starting the engine / Emergency troubleshooting / Engine starting troubleshooting / Engine performance / Engine noises / Engine lubrication / Clutch / Gearshift linkage / Transmission / Electrical troubleshooting / Test equipment / Basic test procedures / Electrical problems / Charging system troubleshooting / Ignition system troubleshooting / Starter system troubleshooting / Carburetor troubleshooting / Excessive vibration / Front suspension and steering / Brake problems
● LUBRICATION, MAINTENANCE AND TUNE-UP
Routine checks / Pre-checks / Service intervals / Tyres and wheels / Battery / New battery installation / Battery electrical cable connectors / Periodic lubrication / Engine oil and filter change / Engine oil pressure test / Fork oil change / Periodic maintenance / Drive chain cleaning and lubrication / Drive chain adjustment / Throttle adjustment / Air filter replacement / Coolant change / Tune-up / Valve clearance adjustment / Compression test / Spark plugs / Ignition timing / Carburetor idle mixture / Specifications
Engine principles / Servicing engine in frame / Engine / External oil line / Crankcase right-hand side cover / Cylinder head and camshafts / Cylinder head and cover inspection / Camshaft inspection / Rocker arm and hydraulic lash adjuster assemblies / Valves and valve components / Cylinder block / Camshaft / drive chains / guides and tensioner assemblies / Pistons and piston rings / Oil pump / Primary drive gear / Balancer assembly and starter gears / Front bevel gear assembly / Crankcase / Crankshaft and connecting rods / Break-in / Specifications
Clutch / Clutch release mechanism / Specifications
● TRANSMISSION AND GEARSHIFT MECHANISMS
External gearshift mechanism / Transmission and internal shift mechanism / Specifications
● FUEL / EMISSION CONTROL AND EXHAUST SYSTEMS
Carburetor operation / Carburetor service / Carburetor assembly / Carburetor service / Carburetor adjustments / Fuel system cleanliness inspection / Throttle cable replacement / Choke cable replacement / Air filter / Fuel tank / Fuel shutoff valve and filter / Fuel level sensor / Crankcase breather system (U.S. only) / Evaporative emission control system (California models only) / Clean air system (California and Switzerland models) / Exhaust system / Specifications
● ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
Electrical connectors / Battery negative terminal / Charging system / Voltage regulator/rectifier / Alternator / Transistorized ignition system / Starter system / Electric starter / Starter relay / Lighting system / Switches / Electrical components / Junction box and fuse panel / Wiring diagrams / Specifications
● LIQUID COOLING SYSTEM
Hoses and hose clamps / Cooling system check / Pressure check / Radiator / Cooling fan and shroud / Thermostat and housing / Water pump / Hoses / Specifications
● FRONT SUSPENSION AND STEERING
Front wheel / Front hub / Wheels / Tyres / Tyre changing / Tyre repairs / Handlebar / Steering head and stem / Steering head bearing races / Front forks / Specifications
● REAR SUSPENSION AND FINAL DRIVE
Rear wheel / Rear hub / Final drive unit / Drive shaft / Swing arm / Shock absorbers / Specifications
Front disc brakes / Front brake pad replacement / Front brake caliper / Front master cylinder / Front brake hose replacement / Front brake disc / Bleeding the system / Rear drum brake / Rear brake pedal and cable/rod assembly / Specifications
Seat / Frame side covers / Frame head side covers / Footpegs / Sidestand / Centerstand / Front fender / Rear fender / Rear hand grip / Frame / Specifications
● WIRING DIAGRAMS
Clymer motorcycle repair manuals can save you money on maintenance and repair bills. Step-by-step procedures and detailed illustrations guide you through every job, from maintenance and troubleshooting, all the way to complete teardown and rebuild.
General information on Repair Manuals
Please note that workshop manuals are usually written for models sold in a specific country.
Differences in specification can exist between models sold in different countries and items such as engines can vary.
Please check that the manual will cover your model before purchase and if you are unsure please contact us first.