|Publication number||US3343059 A|
|Publication date||Sep 19, 1967|
|Filing date||Jan 4, 1965|
|Priority date||Jan 4, 1965|
|Publication number||US 3343059 A, US 3343059A, US-A-3343059, US3343059 A, US3343059A|
|Inventors||Kirk Thomas E, Raver Louis J|
|Original Assignee||Gen Motors Corp|
|Export Citation||BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan|
|Patent Citations (4), Referenced by (15), Classifications (8)|
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet|
Sept. 19, 1967 T. E. KIRK ET AL SEMICONDUCTOR GENERATOR VOLTAGE REGULATOR SYSTEM Filed Jan. 4, 1965 INVENTOR? Thomas 6'. Kirk BY Lou/s J. Raver Their Attorney United States Patent 3,343,059 SEMICONDUCTOR GENERATOR VOLTAGE REGULATOR SYSTEM Thomas E. Kirk and Louis J. Raver, Anderson, Ind., assiguors to General Motors Corporation, Detroit, Mich., a corporation of Delaware Filed Jan. 4, 1965, Ser. No. 423,179 5 Claims. (Cl. 32039) ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A voltage regulator system is provided for an alternating current generator which supplies a direct current output circuit. The voltage regulator includes a voltage divider for sensing the output voltage appearing across the direct current output circuit. The voltage divider is connected across the output circuit through a transistor which only becomes conductive when the generator begins to develop an output voltage. The voltage divider controls an oscillator circuit which in turn controls a plurality of control rectifiers connected between the output winding of the generator and the field of the generator.
This invention relates to a generator regulator system and more particularly to a regulator system which is completely static and which has means for energizing the regulator in response to the generation of the voltage by the generator due to residual magnetism.
It is known in the voltage regulator art to provide systems wherein a transistor or other semiconductor controls the field current of a generator in response to the output voltage of the generator.
One of the problems encountered in this type of system is initially energizing the field winding of the generator in order to provide sufficient current to the field so that the generator will build up in voltage. This has been accomplished in the past by using a switch which connects the batteries of a motor vehicle electrical system with the field for initially energizing the field and in some cases, a field relay is used.
In another type of system which is shown in a patent to Raver, et al., 3,129,378, a transistor is used to connect one side of the regulator circuit with oneside of the direct current circuit and the transistor is controlled by a manually operable switch. In this arrangement, the closure of the switch biases the transistor or transistors to a conductive condition which permits the regulator to conduct current to provide an initial energization of the field.
Typical systems which use field relays are shown in the patents to Larson, et al., 3,022,456, and to Hetzler, et al., 2,992,383.
In contrast to the above-described relay systems or the transistor system of Patent 3,129,378 which is controlled by a manually operable switch, it is an object of this invention to provide an electrical system wherein the output voltage developed by a generator due to residual magnetism is used to trigger a circuit which then connects the regulator of the system across the direct current output circuit of the system to therefore provide for an initial energization of the field winding of the generator and to further provide a means whereby the regulator is disconnected from the system when the generator is not producing an output voltage.
Another object of this invention is to provide a generator regulator system wherein the regulator is connected to one side of the direct current output circuit through a semiconductor such as a transistor which has its conduction controlled by the output voltage of the generator. In carrying this object forward, the system is designed such that the voltage developed in the generator due to residual magnetism is sufiicient to trigger the semiconductor into conduction to thereby connect the regulator system across the DC output terminals of the generating system.
Still another object of this invention is to provide a controlled rectifier voltage regulating system. for a generator wherein a means is provided for connecting the controlled rectifier voltage regulator across the output terminals of the direct current source when a generator is developing a voltage due to residual magnetism.
A further object of this invention is to provide a controlled rectifier voltage regulator system which includes a unijunction transistor oscillator and to provide a static system for energizing the oscillator in response to the development of a voltage in a generator due to residual magnetism.
Further objects and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings wherein preferred embodiments of the present invention are clearly shown.
.In the drawing:
The single figure drawing is a schematic circuit diagram of an electrical system made in accordance with this invention.
Referring now to the drawing, the reference numeral 10 generally designates an alternating current generator which has a three phase Y-connected output winding 12, a main field winding 14', and a reverse field winding 16. The effect of the magnetic flux developed by the reverse field winding 16 opposes the effect of the main field winding 14.
The output voltage of the three phase Winding 12 is rectified by a three phase full-wave bridge rectifier generally designated by reference numeral 18. bridge rectifier is comprised of six silicon diodes and it is seen that the bridge rectifier has a positive output terminal 2-0 and a negative grounded output terminal 22. The phase windings of the output winding 12- are connected with the AC input terminals 24, 2'6 and 28 of the bridge rectifier 18. A silicon diode 30 which is used as a protective device is connected across the DC output terminals of the bridge rectifier 18.
The DC output terminal 20 is connected with a positive power conductor 32 and the various direct current loads on a motor vehicle are energized by connecting them between conductor 32 and ground. One of these loads is illustrated as a battery 34.
The output winding 12 feeds conductors 36, 38 and 40. These conductors are connected with controlled rectifiers 42, 44 and 46' which are operative to 'feed the main field winding 14 when the controlled rectifiers are conductive. It is seen that when the controlled rectifiers are conductive, these controlled rectifiers together with the three lower diodes of the bridge rectifier 18 form a full wave circuit for supplying direct current to the main field winding 14.
The conduction of the controlled rectifiers 42, 44 and 46 is controlled by a voltage sensitive oscillator circuit which senses the output voltage of the bridge rectifier 18. This oscillator circuit includes a unijunction transistor 48, a resistor 50, and a capacitor 52. The unijunction transistor 48 has an emitter E, a base B and a second base B The emitter of transistor 48 is connected with junction 54 while the base B is connected with junction 56. A resistor 58 connects the junction 56 to a conductor 60.
The resistor 58 is connected across the base and emitter electrodes of a transistor 62. The collector of transistor 62 is conneced with the primary winding 64 of the transformer 66. The transformer 66 has secondary windings 68, 70 and 72 which are connected with the gates of controlled rectifiers 42, 44 and 46 and when voltages are induced in these secondary windings which drive the gates positive, the controlled rectifiers are biased to a conductive condition.
The primary winding 64 is connected to a junction 74. This junction is connected with junction 76 via resistor 78 and is connected with base B of transistor 48 through resistor 80. The junction 76 is connected with conductor 82 and is also connected with the positive DC power line 32 through a conductor 84.
A variable resistor 83 is provided which has a shiftable tap 86. The variable resistor 83 is connected in series with resistors 88 and 90 at one end thereof and is connected in series with resistor 92 which goes to the conductor 60. A capacitor 94 is connected across the resistor 92 and another capacitor 96 is connected between conductor 60 and the base B of unijunction transistor 48.
The resistors 90, 83 and 92 are shunted by a circuit which includes a Zener diode 98 and two silicon diodes 100 and 102. A Zener diode 104 is connected between junction 74 and a grounded power supply conductor 106.
An NPN transistor 108 is provided which has a collector connected with conductor 60 and an emitter connected with the grounded power supply conductor 106. The base of transistor 108 is connected with junction 110. A resistor 112 connects the junction 110 with conductor 106 and a capacitor 114 is connected across the base and emitter circuit of transistor 108.
The electrical system includes silicon diodes 116, 118 and 120 which are connected with the phase windings of the output winding 12 via conductors 36, 38 and 40. These diodes together with the lower diodes of the bridge rectifier 18 comprise a three phase full-wave bridge network which is capable of supplying direct current to the circuit that includes resistor 112 and resistor 122. This circuit can also supply direct current to the field winding 16 via conductor 124 where a reverse field is desired. It the system is used with a generator that has 'only a main field, the diodes 116, 118 and 120 are only used to supply current to the resistor 112.
The operation of the electrical system will now be described with reference to the drawing. When the generator of the system is being driven, the generator will develop an output voltage which depends upon the speed it is driven and upon the amount of current supplied to its field windings, all of which is well known to those skilled in the art. The system of this invention depends upon residual magnetism of the generator for initial build-up of voltage. As the generator develops a voltage due to residual magnetism, a direct current will flow through the resistor 112 due to rectification by the circuit that includes the diodes 116, 118 and 120. When sufficient current flows through resistor 112, it develops a voltage drop which drives the base of transistor 108 positive with respect to its emitter. This will turn the transistor 108 on in its emitter-collector circuit and when this happens, the transistor 108 in effect directly connects the conductor 60 with the negative power line 106. When this connection is made, the regulator circuit can be energized since conductor 82 and junction 76 are connected with the positive power line 32 via conductor 84.
Assuming now that transistor 108 has been turned on, the capacitor 52 will be charged from conductor 32 via a circuit that includes conductor 32, conductor 84, junction 76, resistor 50, capacitor 52, conductor 60, and then through the collector to emitter circuit of transistor 108 to the negative grounded power line 106. This initial current will be supplied by the battery 34 where the output voltage of the-bridge rectifier is below battery voltage as when the generator has not built up to its full output voltage.
The potential of junction 54, is maintained substantially constant due to the clamping diode and the Zener diode 98 which maintains the voltage across the resistors 90, 83 and 92 substantially constant. The voltage appearing between the base electrodes B and B of the unijunction transistor 48, however, changes in accordance with changes in output voltage of the bridge rectifier 18 and when this voltage is below a predetermined value, the transistor 48 will conduct between its emitter electrode E and its base B When this happens, the capacitor 52 can discharge through the unijunction transistor 48 and through resistor 58. When the capacitor discharges through resistor 58, the transistor 62 will be biased to a conductive condition and current can then flow through primary winding 64 for a period of time corresponding to the conductive condition of transistor 62. When current flows through primary winding 64, turn-on voltages are induced in secondary windings 68, 70 and 72 to bias the controlled rectifiers 42, 44 and 46 to a conductive condition. When the controlled rectifiers turn on, field current will be supplied to the field winding 14 and the generator voltage will then begin to increase. The capacitor 52 will continue to charge and discharge at a rate which may be, for example, five kilocycles as long as the output voltage of the bridge rectifier 18 is below a desired regulated value and controlled rectifiers 42, 44 and 46 will therefore be supplied with turn-on signals as long as the output voltage is below the regulated output value.
Once the output voltage goes above the desired regullated output value, the voltage appearing between base B and base B of the unijuncti'on transistor 48 will rise to a point where it will no longer be conductive between emitter E and base B As -a result, the oscillator will cease oscillations and no turn-on signals will be supplied to the controlled rectifiers 42, 44 and 46. When this occurs, current to the field 14 is cut-01f resulting in a drop in the output voltage of phase windings 12 and a corresponding drop in the output voltage of bridge rectifier 18.
It will be appreciated that the transistor 108 is the element in the circuit which determines whether or not the oscillator will be energized. Thus when transistor 108 is nonconductive, there can be no current flow between conductor 60 and the grounded power line 106 so that in effect, the voltage sensitive oscillator circuit is not energized. This is the case when the generator is not operating and in such a situation, the battery 34 has no discharge path since it cannot discharge through the bridge rectifier 18 and cannot discharge through the oscillator circuit because the transistor 108 is nonconductive.
The transistor 108 begins to conduct when the generator develops a voltage due to residual magnetism and builds up to full output voltage once the transistor 108 is biased to a conductive condition.
It will be appreciated from the foregoing that a completely static system has been provided which requires no manually operable switches and no field relays controlled by manually operable switches. The system is ready for use by simply connecting the DC loads between conductor 32 and ground and is operative with no battery connected.
The Zener diode 104 is a transient protection device and does not conduct under normal voltages that appear between the power lines 32 and 106. The capacitor 15 serves to assist in getting the field turned on by preventing collapse of field current during initial build-up of the generator. The diode 17 is a field discharge diode. The diodes and 102 are temperature compensating diodes.
Where a system is used that does not have a reverse field 16, it is desirable to connect a 50 ohm resistor across the main field 14.
The system as described is for use with a twelve volt system and where a twenty-four volt system is used, it is desirable to connect a 330 ohm resistor in line 84.
Although the system as described uses a transistor 108 for connecting one side of a controlled rectifier regulator to one of the DC power lines, it will be appreciated that this transistor could be used with other types of voltage regulators, for example, a transistor regulator and still provide a completely static system wherein the regulator is initially energized through a transistor 108 and due to a voltage build up of the generator from residual magnetism.
While the embodiments of the present invention as herein disclosed constitute a preferred form, it is to be understood that other forms might be adopted.
What is claimed is as follows:
1. An electrical system comprising, an alternating current generator having a field winding and a three phase output winding, a three phase full-wave bridge rectifier connected with said output winding having direct current output terminals connected with a direct current load circuit, a battery connected directly across said load circuit one end of which is connected at all times with one of the DC output terminals of said bridge rectifier network when said system is being used, a plurality of controlled rectifiers connected with said three phase output winding and with said field winding for supplying direct current to said field winding when said controlled rectifiers are conductive, a static oscillator circuit, a transformer having a primary winding and a plurality of secondary windings, said oscillator circuit including said primary winding, said secondary windings being connected with the gate and cathode electrodes of said controlled rectifiers, means connecting one side of said oscillator circuit with one side of said direct current output circuit, means connecting an opposite side of said oscillator circuit with an opposite side of said direct current output circuit including a semiconductor switch, and a plurality of diodes connected with said output winding and with said semiconductor switch for supplying a turn-on voltage to said semiconductor switch when said generator begins to build up, said battery providing an initial energization for said oscillator circuit when said generator begins to build up and when said semiconductor switch is turned on.
2. The electrical system according to claim 1 where the semiconductor switch is a transistor and wherein a resistor that is connected with said diodes is connected across the emitter and base electrodes of the transistor.
3. The electrical system according to claim 1 where the generator has a second field winding and wherein the second field winding is energized from said diodes.
4. An electrical system comprising, an alternating current generator having an output winding and a field winding, a rectifier means connected with said output winding having direct current output terminals connected with a direct current output circuit, a battery connected across said direct current output circuit to be charged by said rectifier means, said rectifier means preventing said battery from discharging through said output winding, a voltage regulating means including a voltage sensing circuit and including field current control means connected with said field winding of said generator for regulating the current flow in said field winding as a function of the output voltage of said generator, a circuit connecting said voltage sensing means of said voltage regulating means across said direct current output circuit, said circuit including an electronic switch means separate from said voltage regulating means connected in series between one end of said voltage sensing means and one side of said direct current output circuit, said electronic switch means when in a nonconductive condition preventing current flow through said voltage sensing circuit of said voltage regulating means whereby said battery is prevented from discharging through said voltage regulating means when said electronic switch means is nonconductive, and means connected with said output winding of said generator for applying a bias voltage to said electronic switch means to bias said electronic switch means conductive when said generator begins to develop an output voltage, said voltage sensing means controlling said field current control means whereby field current is applied to said field winding when said electronic switch means is biased conductive to energize said voltage sensing means from said direct current output circuit.
5. An electric generating system comprising, a polyphase alternating current generator having a polyphase output winding and a field winding, a rectifier means having AC input terminals connected with said polyphase output winding and having direct current output terminals connected with a direct current output circuit, a battery connected across said direct current output circuit, said rectifier means being operative to prevent said battery from discharging through said output winding, a voltage regulating means including a voltage sensing means and a field current controlling means, said field current controlling means being connected with said field winding and being operative to vary the field current of said generator as a function of the voltage sensed by said voltage sensing means, a circuit connecting said voltage sensing means across said direct current output circuit including an electronic switch means separate from regulating means connected in series in said circuit, said electronic switch means having a control electrode, a plurality of auxiliary diodes connected between the AC input terminals of said rectifier means and said control electrode of said electronic switch means, said auxiliary diodes applying a potential to said control electrode of said electronic switch means to bias said electronic switch means conductive when said generator initially develops an output voltage, said battery discharging through said voltage sensing means and said electronic switch means to initially energize said field current control means when said generator initially develops an output voltage, said electronic switch means being operative to prevent said battery from discharging through said voltage sensing means when said generator is not developing an output voltage.
References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,009,091 11/1961 Hallidy 32 -28 3,154,733 10/1964 Pratt 322-73 X 3,160,805 12/1964 Lawson 322039 3,226,559 12/1965 Klein 32 -73 X JOHN F. COUCH, Primary Examiner.
S. WEINBERG, Assistant Examiner.
|Cited Patent||Filing date||Publication date||Applicant||Title|
|US3009091 *||Jun 9, 1958||Nov 14, 1961||Leece Neville Co||Electric generating systems|
|US3154733 *||Oct 16, 1961||Oct 27, 1964||American Mach & Foundry||Pulse-type regulating system for generators|
|US3160805 *||Dec 28, 1960||Dec 8, 1964||Jr Wilmer M Lawson||Battery charger|
|US3226559 *||Jan 30, 1962||Dec 28, 1965||Gen Electric||Control system for d.c. generator|
|Citing Patent||Filing date||Publication date||Applicant||Title|
|US3443197 *||Aug 13, 1965||May 6, 1969||Gen Motors Corp||Potential regulator circuit for permanent magnet type alternators|
|US3467853 *||Sep 19, 1967||Sep 16, 1969||Gen Motors Corp||Generator voltage regulating system|
|US3496443 *||Feb 23, 1967||Feb 17, 1970||Leece Neville Co||Control circuit for electrical generating system|
|US3510752 *||Sep 11, 1968||May 5, 1970||Gen Motors Corp||Transistor voltage regulating system for generators having main and reverse field windings|
|US3512075 *||Sep 11, 1968||May 12, 1970||Gen Motors Corp||Transistor voltage regulating system for generators having main and reverse field windings|
|US3512076 *||Sep 11, 1968||May 12, 1970||Gen Motors Corp||Transistor voltage regulating system for generators having main and reverse field windings|
|US3522508 *||Apr 5, 1967||Aug 4, 1970||Victoreen Leece Neville Inc||Control circuit in electrical generating system|
|US3543128 *||Jun 29, 1967||Nov 24, 1970||Ducati Elettrotecnica Spa||Generator with automatic static regulator|
|US3603862 *||Dec 22, 1969||Sep 7, 1971||Gen Electric||Improved battery-charging circuit with locking and resetting means|
|US3702433 *||Feb 25, 1971||Nov 7, 1972||Motorola Inc||Alternator regulator circuit|
|US3835363 *||Dec 17, 1973||Sep 10, 1974||Gen Motors Corp||Motor vehicle power supply system|
|US4277738 *||Jun 18, 1979||Jul 7, 1981||General Motors Corporation||Generator voltage regulator|
|US4345199 *||Mar 6, 1981||Aug 17, 1982||General Motors Corporation||Generator voltage regulator|
|US4360772 *||Apr 15, 1981||Nov 23, 1982||General Motors Corporation||Generator voltage regulator|
|US4360773 *||Apr 15, 1981||Nov 23, 1982||General Motors Corporation||Generator voltage regulator|
|U.S. Classification||320/162, 322/73, 322/63, 322/60|
|International Classification||H02P9/30, H02P9/14|


text:
Virgin Atlantic’s announcement this week that it would no longer require its female cabin crew to wear skirts or makeup while working marked a step forward in making appearance standards more equal between male and female staff.
Many Asian and Middle Eastern airlines, however, continue to build their brand image around the sexualized ideal of young and attractive female attendants. Some airlines, including the Dubai-based Emirates, are known to require heavy makeup. Others, such as South Korea’s Jeju air, only started allowing its cabin crew to wear glasses and nail art last year.
The low-cost Vietnamese airline VietJet caused a furor last year when it sent bikini-clad women on a flight to greet the country’s under-23 football team. The airline evidently didn’t learn its lesson from 2012, when it was fined by Vietnamese aviation authorities for staging a mid-flight dance by scantily-dressed women.
The Thailand-based low-cost Nok Air in 2013 rolled out a calendar featuring models from Maxim Magazine. “When it debuted on Facebook, we had over 200,000 likes. I’m happy,” then-CEO Patee Sarasin told CNN.
But it’s not just about bikinis. Singapore Airlines prides itself on its iconic “Singapore Girl.” Created in the 1970s and relatively conservatively-clad in her signature sarong kebaya, she’s the heart of the carrier’s brand—in fact, to many, Singapore Girl is Singapore Airlines. As a corporate emblem, Singapore Girl has been wildly successful for the airline, a representation of Asian hospitality in all its charm, graciousness, warmth, and efficiency. But critics see her as a sexist marketing tool, reinforcing stereotypes of subservient Asian women.
With such a meticulously constructed visual embodiment of its brand as the Singapore Girl, the airline unsurprisingly has detailed grooming and make-up guidelines for its cabin crew, including “recommendations on a make-up color palette for each rank to best complement their uniform,” according to a company spokesperson. The airline has no intentions of following Virgin Atlantic’s lead in making skirts and makeup optional, the spokesperson said.
Cathay Pacific, the Hong Kong-based international airline, has similarly elaborate requirements. While it finally ended its skirts-only rule last year after a hard-fought battle by its female staff, the airline still requires women to wear eyeshadow, lipstick, foundation, and blush at all times in specifically approved shades and to check it at regular intervals, according to an official guidebook. Male staff, on the other hand, are banned from wearing makeup and are simply required to “maintain a clear complexion at all times.”
In the #MeToo era, the objectification of female attendants and an emphasis on the aviation industry’s sex appeal continues to be a problem, the Cathay Pacific Flight Attendants Union leader Dora Lai told AFP. And while ending the airline’s 70-year-old no-skirt rule is a step toward gender equality, there needs to be a greater public and staff awareness to fully address the issue of sexual harassment in the industry.

domain: news


text:
little oxygen. This means that blood passing the lungs on the way to the brain has no oxygen to transport. When blood carrying very low oxygen reaches the brain, consciousness is rapidly lost, within one or two breaths. It is the lack of oxygen in the inhaled gas that causes death, not the particular gas itself.
For the process to work, it is important that the air in the lungs (with 21% oxygen) is quickly and fully replaced with the inert gas. For hypoxia to occur, the person empties their lungs of air (big breath out). They then replace this with a deep, full inhalation of the gas (nitrogen or argon) which contains 0% oxygen. With good lung function (and practice) this can be achieved with a single exhale/ inhale cycle. A problem associated with using this method, however, is that lung disease (or poor technique) can prevent a full exchange of gas. If a person has lung disease and is concerned about the use of this method, it is advised that they undergo a test to measure their lung function (spirometry). A lung function test gives an indication of whether this strategy is appropriate for them. (See the section on spirometry screening, later in his Chapter.)
It is important to note that the inert gas, itself, does not interact with the body. Nitrogen, Argon or Helium all have no taste or smell. All quickly dissipate after death. While Helium and Argon can be detected at autopsy, there is no test that can reveal the use of a Nitrogen-filled Exit bag. This makes Nitrogen particularly useful for those who don’t wish their cause of death to be established. (Of course, this presupposes that the equipment will be removed before the body is ‘discovered’. In some jurisdictions this can be an offence so check your local laws if you think this is a strategy of interest).

domain: health


text:
(Bloomberg) -- Chinese stocks traded in the U.S. are getting a much-needed boost as dip buyers look set to help halt a five-day losing streak for the group after the shares went on a wild ride during the Asia trading day.
American depositary receipts for technology giants JD (NASDAQ: JD ) and Pinduoduo (NASDAQ: PDD ) both rose by more than 3% in premarket trading Wednesday. Other large-cap China firms including Alibaba (NYSE: BABA ), NetEase (NASDAQ: NTES ) and Baidu (NASDAQ: BIDU ) were all higher by about 1% or more.
The rally in U.S. hours follows a volatile day in Asia for shares listed in Hong Kong and China. Rising inflation, heightened tensions between the U.S. and China and the exclusion of a firm from Norway’s sovereign wealth fund have added to investors’ worries. The Hang Seng Index and CSI 300 Index saw intraday declines of 3% or more before an afternoon surge cut the losses to less than 1% by the close.
The intraday rebound “has led to speculation that the Chinese authorities moved in to support their stock market,” said Matt Maley, chief market strategist at Miller Tabak + Co. “This has given traders the kind of confidence they need to buy the Chinese ADRs for at least a short-term trade.”
Wild Ride in China Stocks Triggers Memories of 2018 Meltdown
Much like in markets across the globe, investors have been dumping Chinese shares amid worries about the economic fallout from sanctions on Russia after it invaded Ukraine. China’s gross domestic product target for the year, set just last week, has already come into question amid a rapid rise in commodity prices and a surge in coronavirus cases across the nation.
Any sustained momentum for Chinese stocks would be a welcome change for U.S. shareholders. The Nasdaq Golden Dragon China Index -- which tracks firms on American exchanges that conduct a majority of their business in China -- has fallen for five straight days and is already down more than 23% this year.
©2022 Bloomberg L.P.
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text:
Manipulation: A Song of the South FanficChapter 2: ExplanationsManipulation: A Song of the South Fanfic by Lightening816
The charming fox walked up to her, his smile still sitting on his face. He pointed towards her blue boat which was getting warm and dry over the fire as it hung on a laundry line over it. She glanced at the coat but then just had to turn back to Brer Fox. Despite how handsome he was, Maisie had heard all about foxes from stories from her neighbors back home. "Foxes don't like rabbits! That's why we live here!" "Don't trust dem fox-types! Dey only think 'bout rabbits when it's time fer supper!" "Tricky critters, they are! Watch yourself!" Of course, she had never actually met one before, but she knew what a fox was supposed to look like. Red-orange fur, tall vertical eyes, a long bushy tail, and, in most cases, naturally skinny bodies with large hands and feet. Brer Fox was no exception, of course. He had all these things and more, and yet the look on his face did not suggest trickery or harm...or maybe he was just a really good actor. Maisie couldn'
Manipulation: A Song of the South FanficA Song of the South FanficManipulation: A Song of the South Fanfic by Lightening816
Chapter 1: The Snow Storm
If the rabbit in the snowstorm hadn't been blinking, she would have been invisible to the naked eye. Maisie staggered through the snow as her fur blew in her opposite direction. The child mostly wasn't trying to go anywhere in particular, mostly just a hole in the ground or a friendly soul who would be willing to let her sleep by their fireplace. But it seemed very unlikely at this point.
Maisie's snow white fur, and her heavy blue jacket were not enough to keep her warm. For one, it would be night soon, resulting in even lower temperatures, her continual walking all throughout the day weakened her and pained her feet, and, to make her situation all the worst, she was starving. She hadn't eaten almost anything in the nine weeks she'd been on her own.
The wind whistled and the furious snow continually stung her as she searched for shelter, anything that could separate her from the storm. As she h
Current Residence: I'm not telling|
deviantWEAR sizing preference: Medium
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Favourite cartoon character: Marvin the Martian
Personal Quote: Who needs cliques?

domain: literature


Help reduce waste in Mid Devon - by helping take the Community Action Group Devon Project into its second year. You will love solving problems and creating community links in the area, supporting local champions and groups in waste issues. Take a look and see if this is for you.
Community Engagement Assistant needed in Devon
9 May 2017By: Region:


text:
PRINCE WILLIAM COUNTY, Va. (WRIC) — Police are looking for a man who approached a 10-year-old girl in the Gainesville area of Prince William County. The department said the suspect invited the child to come into his car to go get candy.
On Tuesday, Aug. 23 at 3:05 p.m., officers investigated a report of the suspect approaching the girl in the area of Red House Road and Rogue Forest Lane the previous day. The suspect was standing near a white four-door sedan at the time of the incident, according to a Prince William County Police department announcement.
Police said the child was walking from the bus stop at approximately 4:00 p.m. on Monday when she was approached by a man she did not know. The suspect is described by police as a white man who was wearing a fitted cap, a white t-shirt and ripped blue jeans.
The child did not get into the vehicle with the man, nor was there any physical contact between the two people and Prince William County Police said no other similar encounters have been reported.
Police are asking anyone with information regarding the man or the incident to contact the Prince William County Police Department tipline at 703-792-7000 or by submitting a tip online to pwcva.gov/police tip.


text:
For years people have been running around Washington yelling that the United States was at risk of becoming Greece. There may actually be a basis for such concerns, but not for the reason usually given.
The standard story of the United States becoming Greece is that government budget deficits will result in a loss of confidence in the ability of the United States to meet its debt obligations. This will lead to skyrocketing interest rates, a financial panic and rivers flowing upstream.
While this view has many adherents among respectable people in Washington, reality refuses to cooperate. Instead of skyrocketing, the interest rate on US government debt has plummeted. The interest rate on 10-year Treasury bonds is less than 2.0 percent, a sharp contrast from days of budget surpluses in the late 1990s when it hovered in the 5-6 percent range. In short, the deficit hawks have been shown to be completely wrong.
But there is actually another way in which the United States could be like Greece and the Trans-Pacific Partnership is directly connected. While Greece’s budget problems have made headlines, its economy is actually more constrained by being trapped in the euro zone than by the restrictions on budget deficits. This has prevented the adjustment in relative prices that is needed to restore the competitiveness of Greece’s economy.
If Greece had still been on the drachma when the financial crisis hit in 2008, its currency would have plummeted as investors from the rest of Europe stopped lending the country money. That would have meant an unpleasant bout of inflation for the Greek people, but it also would have quickly restored the country’s competitiveness.
The simple story is that the price of Greek goods and services would fall relative to the price of goods and services produced elsewhere in proportion to the decline in the currency. This means that if the drachma had fallen 30 percent relative to other currencies, Greek goods and services would cost 30 percent less compared to the price of goods and services produced in Germany, France and elsewhere.
In reality the picture is more complicated, since many inputs for Greek products are imported, but the basic story would hold. A decline in the value of the drachma would make Greek goods and services more competitive internationally. This would lead to an increase in exports and a decline in imports, which would provide a substantial boost to GDP, offsetting the effects of the crisis.
Greece could not have this sort of adjustment process because it is part of the euro. This meant that there was no easy way for Greece to restore its international competiveness. Instead of reducing its trade deficit by restoring its competitiveness with currency devaluation, it has reduced its trade deficit through economic contraction.
When the economy shrinks, imports shrink, thereby lowering the trade deficit. Greece has now endured a contraction that dwarfs the Great Depression in severity.
This story is connected to the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) because the United States also has had problems with bringing its trade deficit down by reducing the value of its currency. The United States began to run large trade deficits in the late 1990s, following the East Asian financial crisis. This was when countries in East Asia, and elsewhere in the developing world, first began to buy up large amounts of dollars in order to prop up the value of the dollar against their own currencies. Their goal was to boost their exports to the United States and other countries.
Many of these countries, most notably China, continue this policy to the present day. They deliberately prop up the dollar in order to sustain their trade surpluses. Their trade surplus is the cause of our persistently large trade deficits.
These trade deficits in turn have been a major drag on growth. The trade deficits are the main cause of the “secular stagnation” that has prevented us from having full employment except when the economy was driven by bubbles in the stock and housing markets.
This brings us to the TPP. This deal is not only important for the countries it includes, but it is intended to be a pact that other countries will later join. The Obama administration decided not to include any language on currency values in the TPP. This will make it more difficult for the United States to take measures to get countries to stop propping up the dollar.
The result could be the persistence long into the future of large US trade deficits, with the resulting loss of demand and millions of jobs. This drag on growth may not give us the same sort of cataclysmic downturn that Greece has seen, but it is a much more real concern than the possibility that no one will buy US government debt.
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Emmes has snapped up Clinical Edge for an undisclosed price, extending the Maryland-based CRO’s string of acquisitions to five in just under two years.
Clinical Edge is known for its training and certification of visual function examiners at investigator sites conducting ophthalmic clinical trials. The pairing with Emmes’ Optym ophthalmology certification unit puts the CRO at the head of the pack in such services, the company said in a Sept. 28 release.
With the deal, the company now boasts a base of 36 ophthalmic certifiers, most of whom are doctors of optometry or medicine. Financial terms of the deal weren’t disclosed.
Emmes moved quickly to rebrand the unit as OptymEdge just ahead of this year’s annual meeting of the American Academy of Ophthalmology that kicks off Friday in Chicago.
“This acquisition makes us a powerhouse in the ophthalmology training and certification area, a critical part of determining the safety and efficacy of new treatments for eye disease,” Emmes CEO Christine Dingivan, M.D., said in the release. “This is another positive step in our growth and globalization effort.”
Emmes has been on a global spending spree in recent years, buying Plymouth, Massachusetts-based rare disease trials contractor Casimir in March for an undisclosed price. It followed the acquisition of U.K.-based rare disease specialist Orphan Reach and German late-phase study-focused contractor Institut Dr. Schauerte last year along with Czech Republic-headquartered Neox in December 2020.


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Antique 9ct Rose Gold Beaded Station Necklace with Barrel Clasp, 47 cm / 18.5 inches.Add to Wishlist
Antique 9 carat rose gold station link chain. Nine small and shiny puffed beads are evenly spaced around a rope link chain. The ends terminates at small jump rings and this chain closes with a good sized barrel clasp which is firm. This is a lighter weight through sturdy chain which would look lovely layered. Circa early 20th century.
Not stamped, professionally tested and assessed as 9 carat gold throughout. The colour is a pale rose gold.
Measures approx 47 cm / 18.5 inches by 4 mm wide at beads and 2.15 mm wide at rope link.
Weighs 3.9 grams.

domain: design


Apr 5, 2012, 12:24 AM EST
RIP Pau Gasol.
Blake Griffin is a tough cover for anybody in the league, but particularly Gasol — Griffin plays an aggressive, attacking game using his great strength and athleticism. Gasol is smarter, more fundamental than you. (And spare me the Gasol is soft stuff, or did you not watch him defend Dwight Howard in the NBA finals to a standstill. He’s tougher than you are.)
If Griffin can use his strength it is no contest — and it was no contest. Griffin just destroyed Gasol twice on Wednesday night. Destroyed. (Yes, that is an offensive foul with the clear out in the top video, but it’s not if it isn’t called.)
Hat tip to InsideHoops.com for the videos.
- Dwight Howard out vs. Mavericks Saturday, no timetable for his return 1
- If Derrick Rose not ready to return by Monday Bulls may add point guard to roster 8
- Another day, another Bulls injury: Taj Gibson out with sprained ankle 11
- Report: Kevin Durant, Russell Westbrook could return to Thunder lineup next week 11
- Kobe Bryant says he took large enough discount for Lakers to contend 55
- Report: Jeff Taylor won’t appeal 24-game suspension 2
- Timberwolves’ Kevin Martin out indefinitely after scoring 31 points with fractured wrist 8
- Andrei Kirilenko leaves Nets for road trip, Lionel Hollins unsure if he’ll return 15


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Jeep's idea behind the J-Wagon concept was to build a premium Wrangler using Jeep Performance Parts.
With a Wrangler Sahara as a starting point, Jeep gave it a warm neutral gray paint job with warm-tinted glass.
In addition, there are a tasteful use of Brass Monkey touches on the outside of the car.
Like with any Jeep, there are lots of Easter eggs scattered about the J-Wagon concept.
The Jeep Performance Parts hood features a cutout to work with the available snorkel.
The snorkel better prepares the J-Wagon concept to cruise through deeper water.
Additional lighting comes courtesy of 5-inch LED lights.
The Brass Monkey Jeep logo.
Camel-color Katzkin leather seats provide a more premium interior environment.
The 17-inch slot-design wheels are also finished in Brass Monkey.


The duo Marco Ignoti - Stefano Malferrari arose from the longtime collaboration between the two musicians in the contemporary music ensemble FontanaMIX.
The personal experiences in chamber music (particularly of the 20th century) brought the two musicians to share interpretative and repertory choices and to found the clarinet and piano duo.
The program proposed is entirely dedicated to French authors (whether by origin or by aesthetic or cultural affinity). It starts from 19th century music, tied to cultural and aristocratic circles, and develops with the elaborate and daring music of the 20th century.
The duo held its first concert in January 2016 at the Torri dell'Acqua.
C. SAINT-SAЁNS Sonata for clarinet and piano op. 167
C. DEBUSSY Premiere rhapsodie for clarinet and piano
F. POULENC Sonata for clarinet and piano
A. HONEGGER Sonatina for clarinet and piano H.42
J. FRANÇAIX Theme and variations for clarinet and piano
Marco Ignoti - clarinet - Bio
Stefano Malferrari - piano - Bio


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Ted Bundy was beyond vicious. A sexual sadist he took pleasure in the torture and murder of young women for years without an ounce of remorse. My special guest is Kevin Sullivan who's here to discuss his 7th book on the monster that once walked among us. Get Ted Bundy: The Yearly Journals on Amazon.
Request To Join Our Private Community - Opens Sept 10
“With all the material we have on Ted Bundy, it’s easy to think we’ve thoroughly covered his life and crimes. But there still are holes, still things to learn . . . Newly discovered facts, some speculation, and some clarification—they’re all here. For those who can’t get enough of Bundy, the items in this illuminating volume show that we can still chip away at his secrets.” —Katherine Ramsland, author of Confession of a Serial Killer: The Untold Story of Dennis Rader, the BTK Killer
Due to Sullivan’s extensive writing about Ted Bundy (which has produced six books), he’s become a sort of magnet over the years, drawing out many people who were part of the Bundy story, but have otherwise kept a low profile over the decades; and these first-person contacts continue to this day. As such, this is the first book in a new series of books, whose aim is to bring new revelations to the public about Bundy, the victims, the murders, and the almost murders that failed Bundy for one reason or another.
This first offering, Ted Bundy: The Yearly Journal Volume One, contains a great deal of never before published information from a number of women who barely escaped his grasp. It also reveals Bundy’s geographic hunting pattern after his arrival in Salt Lake City, Utah in September 1974; a surprising discovery the author never expected to make, but did, and it all came about through the valid testimonies of the women who encountered him during this period.
The book also delves into what the author believes is perhaps an accurate, albeit it conservative estimate, of how many women or young girls Bundy approached but failed to abduct during his years of murder. Each new volume will focus on particular aspects of the case where further investigation is warranted. There are still “unknowns” out there, and as the author has experienced, where unknowns exit, the possibility of discovery awaits.
Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices


The United States Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) offers the Neighborhood Revitalization Strategy Area (NRSA) designation as an opportunity for cities to use federal grant money more flexibly. HUD approved the UG’s first NRSA as the Park Drive Neighborhood Plan in February 2018. “The point of an NRSA is to strategically allocate resources to a neighborhood that already has a lot going for it, but needs some help to prevent it from declining. A little bit can go a long way in neighborhoods like these,” said SOAR coordinator, Logan Masenthin.
The five-year plan includes various projects and focuses areas based on resident feedback gathered in 2017 when Park Drive community members stressed the importance of better streets, sidewalks, trails, and other amenities in their neighborhood. That work began in August of this year and finished up just before Thanksgiving 2019. Improvements include new concrete curbs & gutters and new trails that connect to existing sidewalk to form a quarter-mile loop around Regan Park. Next Spring, the existing parking lot at Park Drive & 27th Street will be resurfaced to create an even more inviting atmosphere for park visitors. Other completed work includes a new 18th Street bus route and KCK’s first “Rock the Block” with Habitat for Humanity. Learn more about the Park Drive Neighborhood Project at wycokck.org/SOAR/Park-Drive.


Energy Minister Dipuo Peters has reiterated her support for the development of new nuclear capacity in South Africa, which she says is necessary to meet the country’s commitment to lowering its carbon footprint, while ensuring sufficient baseload capacity to support economic growth.
Speaking at the Africa Energy Indaba 2013, in Johannesburg, Peters indicated that the South African government remained convinced that nuclear should remain part of the mix of generation options available, notwithstanding the intensification of safety concerns since the Fukushima crisis, in Japan.
The current version of South Africa’s Integrated Resource Plan, which would soon be reviewed, envisaged the introduction of 9 600 MW of new nuclear capacity between 2023 and 2030.
But many questions had been raised about the affordability of the programme and whether or not it was prudent to invest in large generating plants ahead of smaller, more modular solutions that could be more responsive to changes in demand-growth patterns.
South Africa’s decision on the programme had already been delayed to accommodate a voluntary peer review by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) of South Africa’s preparedness to safely add new capacity beyond that which exists already at Eskom’s Koeberg power plant, in the Western Cape.
The agency undertook an Integrated Nuclear Infrastructure Review (INIR) mission to South Africa in late January and early February, following an internal self-assessment report, completed by domestic nuclear stakeholders in mid-2012.
A preliminary report was handed to government on February 8 and a full report on the 19 areas covered by the INIR would be presented in the coming months.
South Africa was the first country with existing nuclear capacity to subject itself to an IAEA assessment and Peters argued that it was evidence of government’s commitment to pursuing the programme responsibly and transparently.
The Department of Energy (DoE) had commissioned consultants to interrogate the cost and financing options associated with the development, which some have estimated could involve an investment of up to R1-trillion.
It had also been confirmed that the National Nuclear Energy Executive Coordination Committee, which is chaired by Deputy President Kgalema Motlanthe, would provide further clarity in July as to the approach South Africa planned to take on the development of new nuclear capacity.
Renewable-energy And Shale Gas Prospects Not Dimmed
Peters argued that a commitment to nuclear did not diminish the country’s desire to increase its installed renewable-energy capacity, adding that details on the third bid window under the Renewable Energy Independent Power Producer Procurement Programme would be released “imminently”.
The Minister also argued that the country’s shale gas resources needed to be confirmed through a responsible exploration and development programme, as the gas arising could be a “game changer” for energy security.
She promised that any hydraulic fracturing, or fracking, activities would be well regulated and would be pursued within the environmental and water constraints that were confronting South Africa.
But Peters insisted that confirmation of the gas resources was necessary, as these resources could prove crucial in providing a lower-carbon fuel source for electricity and liquid fuels production.
In the meantime, South Africa was engaging with the authorities in Mozambique and Namibia to assess the potential of importing additional natural gas for use in power generation.
Some of that gas could be consumed by private power producers, under a baseload procurement programme that could be launched later in the year.
On December 19, Peters published a determination indicating that the DoE planned to procure 2 500 MW of private coal-fired capacity between 2014 and 2024, 2 652 MW of new natural gas and diesel-fuelled power generation between 2021 and 3025, and 2 609 MW of mostly imported hydropower between 2022 and 2024.


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Settling into a new model courtroom, Mock Trial spent an hour on Halloween night, Oct. 31, 2019, preparing for an upcoming tournament at University of Missouri – Kansas City. Criminal Justice Center room 117 is now the home of a comfortable new space for Missouri Southern Mock Trial.
The model courtroom is well-lit and furnished with enough seating to hold in excess of 30 people. Two long pews line the back of room 117, while to the right are a set of pews on risers for a jury.
A bench stands in front of five swiveling chairs for judges, and in the corner are hanging five black robes. The middle of the courtroom features a podium, as well as desks and chairs for the defense and prosecution.
The room is acoustically muted, which compliments the voices of students delivering oral arguments in the space. On the back wall are adorned the words “Justice Through Education.”
An official ribbon cutting ceremony will be held for the new courtroom at 10 a.m., Friday, Nov. 15.
Education was evident as students looked over extensive notes in their laptops while waiting for the meeting to be begin. Several minutes after four o’clock, Brenden Higashi, Head Coach of Mock Trial called the meeting to order.
He quickly started by reading off the list of students who are to participate in the tournament at UMKC.
In preparation for the tournament at UMKC, students on Southern’s Mock Trial team rehearsed arguments and testimonies relevant to their assigned characters. According to Higashi, each team is guaranteed to run two prosecutions and two defenses.
“What I’ve been playing is prosecution witness, which is typically an expert witness. And this time it’s a forensic pathologist,” said Brent Olson, Sophomore.
He has been a member of Mock Trial for two years. Olson explained that his part requires learning a lot of medical terms. For the defense, he will play an attorney and give the final argument on each case.
Higashi said that Mock Trial will be arguing The State of Midlands v. Jordan Ryder.
“Prosecutions will have the option to charge the defendant, Jordan Ryder, with either negligent manslaughter or aggravated murder,” Higashi said.
Impassioned arguments continued for about half-an-hour, with faculty offering praise and or advice after each performance.
And the performance element was clear, with much discussion pertaining to the pauses and inflections of the speaker. Special care was taken to find strong phrases which would catch the jury’s attention. “She is a mother, not a murderer!” echoed from the defense.
continued from Trial on 1
Sophomore Marady Anderson, political science major, won a Top Witness award at a previous tournament.
“Mock Trial is a place where I get to meet with my friends,” said Anderson, “… but it is also good for puzzle solving – because you have to learn all these rules and case law, and you have to think of certain details of the case from a different mindset.”
This is Anderson’s second year of involvement with Mock Trial.
For Olson, Mock Trial has been a good continuation of activities which he was involved in during high school.
“I was involved in debate and theater in high school, so this was just sort of a natural outlet to come and do some sort of speaking, and some sort of performance,” he said.
Olson added that Mock Trial helps build confidence for other classes which require presentations.
Higashi emphasized the openness of Mock Trial to new members.
“We meet regularly, every Thursday at 4 o’clock, here in Justice Center 117,” Higashi said.
Mock Trial is not restricted to political science majors, and an accompanying class allows students to receive credit for participation.

domain: law


Five blasting operations at two different pits within PT Kaltim Prima Coal (KPC) were carefully investigated. The areas of interest were Harapan South Pit and Melawan Thiess Pit. The field investigation was carried out to measure the significance of the blast induces fractures within a rock mass. First of all, investigation holes were made and drilled relatively perpendicular with blasting row at near distance behind the last blasting row. To quantitatively determine rock mass fractures, a borehole camera was applied to investigate cracks before and after the blast. A vibration geophone was arranged close to the collar of each investigation hole to monitor peak particle velocity (PPV) of the ground surface. Plotting the PPV as a function of distance divided by cube root or square root of the explosive weight was employed to predict attenuation or decay the PPV. From the data obtained, it was found that the cracks increase proportionally with the PPV.


Welcome to a fantastic race between Nokia Zeno vs. Realme 11 with 12GB RAM and 108MP cameras. Take a tour right below!
Nokia Zeno vs. Realme 11 specs
Nokia Zeno brings better configurations and high-end specs. Meanwhile, Realme 11 comes with a gorgeous design. Firstly, Nokia Zeno specs offer a 6.9-inch Super AMOLED with 4K resolution and a tall 21:9 aspect ratio. In contrast, Realme 11 specs offer a 6.43-inch Super AMOLED with 1080 x 2400 pixels alongside a 20:9 aspect ratio. Hence, the Nokia brand wins the first round because of the better display.
The Nokia handset gets power from the Qualcomm Snapdragon 8 Gen 2, with 8GB/ 12GB of RAM and 256GB/ 512GB ROM. Also, a MicroSD card expands the memory up to 1TB. On the other side, the Realme device uses the MediaTek Dimensity 6020 chipset, paired with 128GB/ 8GB RAM, 128GB/ 12GB RAM, 256GB/ 8GB RAM, and 256GB/ 12GB RAM (expandable to 256GB). With the bigger RAM, the Nokia flagships win this time.
As for the operating system, the Nokia handset runs on Android 13. Besides, the Realme device runs on the Android 13-based Realme UI 4.0. Why don’t we come to the optics system? The Nokia Zeno cameras pack triple lenses on the back. It consists of 108MP primary lens + 32MP telephoto sensor + 8MP depth sensor. There is a 32MP shooter up front for taking selfies. Conversely, Realme 11 cameras provide a dual 64MP + 2MP lenses. At the front, this handset carries a single 8MP lens for capturing selfies. Concerning the battery, the Nokia phone houses a 7500mAh battery cell. Besides, the Xiaomi handset draws power from a 5000mAh battery that supports 33W fast charging.
Nokia Zeno vs. Realme 11 release date and price
The Nokia Zeno release date should occur in the first quarter of 2023. In contrast, the Realme 11 is now up for sale. As for the cost, the Nokia Zeno price falls around $399 ~ Rs. 33,025. Furthermore, the Realme 11 price starts at $256 ~ Rs. 21,145. Leave your comment below to let us know!


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January House and Garden
Have you seen the incredibly lovely cover of January's House & Garden? Both the cover and a feature story focus on actress Chloe Sevigny and her East Village home. I adore the wallpaper in the entry shown above: Imperial Trellis from KWID. Also shown above in the garden are Sevigny and her decorator David Cafiero, who owns Cafiero Select. It's a beautiful spread.
Photography above by Francois Halard.

domain: artistic


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About Pain Management
Pain Management coupled with Chiropractic care has been helping patients recover their health and get back to what matters most- enjoying life!
Chronic pain can devastate your life. If you're looking for a pain management doctor, you want to find one that is going to truly help you. Our providers truly listen to your concerns and develop a pain management treatment plan suited to fit your unique needs. Your pain management treatment plan should be one actually gets you back to living life as pain-free as possible. Our providers use evidence-based pain management treatments to help get you on the right track. Whether you are new to pain management, or if you have been in pain management long-term, we will do everything that we possibly can to treat you.

domain: medical


Twitter: Get DiNardo's Week 12 Sunday Ruminations
Every Sunday during the Big Ten football season, BTN analyst Gerry DiNardo heads to Twitter to offer his “Sunday Ruminations.” Get DiNardo’s analysis of the Big Ten’s Week 12 performance in this post. Also, don’t forget to follow @gerrydinardo.
[ MORE: Power Rankings | What did Dienhart learn in Week 12? | Dienhart's honors, grades & more ]
4th & Long: Dienhart’s Week 4 bold Big Ten predictions & observations
Big Ten links: MSU’s backfield, OSU’s playmakers & Hoke on booing
BTN LiveBIG: Michigan State bringing music back to Motown
BTN Soccer Report: Our experts recap the first week of Big Ten play
Five Big Ten players land on Kiper’s latest NFL Draft Big Board


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Animal habitats might be divided into three important varieties: terrestrial (land) habitats and two aquatic habitats: freshwater, and marine (saltwater).
Examples of terrestrial animal habitats embody forests, grasslands and deserts; examples of freshwater animal habitats embody lakes, rivers and marshes; examples of marine animal habitats embody coral reefs, the open ocean and the intertidal zone.
On this web page we discover the several types of animal habitats and supply examples of species that stay in every.
Web page Index
What Is An Animal Habitat?
An animal habitat is the mix of bodily components that have an effect on animal life in a specific space. These components can embody: local weather, quantity of obtainable daylight, geological traits (the kind of rocks and soil accessible), the quantity and kind of flora current, and the presence and quantity of both salt or recent water.
Anyplace wherein an animal can stay might be thought-about an animal habitat. These vary from a forest to inside one other animal!
On this web page we cowl all of Earth’s main terrestrial and aquatic animal habitats.
Terrestrial Animal Habitats
A terrestrial habitat is one that happens on land, relatively than in water. The primary animals appeared within the sea at the least 600 million years in the past; the primary land animals possible appeared in the course of the Ordovician Interval, round 150 million years later.
A forest is an space wherein the first vegetation is timber. Forests cowl round 31% of Earth’s complete landmass, and are house to extra animal species than every other terrestrial habitat.
Forests are house to many alternative animals, a lot of that are arboreal (tree-dwelling).
Boreal Forest / Taiga
Boreal forests, that are often known as taiga, are situated within the northern hemisphere south of the Arctic tundra and north of the northern temperate forests.
Boreal forests cowl round 11.5% of the Earth’s whole land space–roughly 17 million sq. km / 6.6 million sq. miles. They’re dominated by conifers (cone-producing vegetation similar to spruces, larches and pines), and are lined by snow for a lot of the yr.
Animals that stay in boreal forests embody: American black bear, brown bear, wolf, North American and Eurasian beavers, reindeer / caribou, nice grey owl, Canada and Eurasian lynxes, snowshoe hare and raven.
- You’ll be able to see extra animals that stay in boreal forests on this web page: Taiga Animals
- You will discover out extra in regards to the taiga habitat on this web page: Taiga Biome
Tropical rainforests are forests that develop across the equator, between the Tropics of Most cancers and Capricorn. Regardless of masking solely round 6% of the Earth’s floor, rainforests are house to 80% of all identified species.
Resulting from their location, tropical rainforests are scorching all yr spherical, and expertise a excessive quantity of rainfall. There’s little seasonal distinction in a rainforest, and vegetation can develop constantly all year long.
Resulting from this mixture of things, tropical rainforests are by far probably the most biodiverse of all land habitats.
Animals that stay in tropical rainforest habitats around the globe embody: red-eyed tree frog, harpy eagle, macaws, toucans, electrical eel, blue morpho butterflies, Hercules beetle, umbrellabird, inexperienced anaconda, gaboon viper, orangutan, sloth, gorilla, spider monkeys and howler monkeys.
Temperate forests are forests that develop on this planet’s temperate zones, that are situated between Earth’s tropical and polar areas.
Though missing the biodiversity of tropical rainforests, temperate forests are however vital animal habitats, providing shelter and meals for a lot of species.
Whereas forest habitats are dominated by timber, grassland habitats are dominated by grasses. Grasses are flowering vegetation within the household Poaceae. Most reproduce with wind pollination, however some depend on bugs.
Relying on how they’re outlined, grasslands cowl between 31% and 69% of land on Earth.
Grasslands are open, uncovered locations wherein timber are both sparse or fully absent. Many grasslands have low rainfall and chilly winters, making them pretty inhospitable areas with comparatively low biodiversity.
Grasslands are usually inhabited by grazing animals, whose presence helps maintain tree progress to a minimal.
The Pampas of South America, prairie of North America, and Steppe of Asia are all examples of grasslands.
Animals that stay in grassland habitats embody: aardvark, aardwolf, kangaroos and wallabies, Pallas’s cat, saiga antelope, American badger, American bison, coyote, prairie canine, big anteater, maned wolf and rhea.
Savanna (spelled “savannah” in British English) is a habitat part-way between a forest and grassland. In contrast to a grassland, a savanna has timber, though they’re spaced far sufficient aside to permit grass to develop on the bottom between them. (A savanna lacks the continual cover layer that forestalls daylight from reaching the forest flooring.)
The world’s most well-known savanna habitat is present in sub-Saharan Africa, which is house to iconic animals similar to wildebeest, African buffalo, zebras, African bush elephant, hippopotamus, giraffe, lion, cheetah, hyenas and African wild canine.
Tundra is a habitat present in polar areas wherein the soil is completely frozen. In the course of the lengthy winters of the tundra, daylight are both brief or non-existent.
Solely exceptionally hardy vegetation can develop within the tundra, and the few animals that decision the tundra their house have developed quite a few diversifications for dwelling on this inhospitable habitat.
Animals that stay within the tundra habitat embody: Arctic fox, Arctic hare, muskox, caribou / reindeer, Dall sheep, lemming, Arctic wolf, wolverine, voles, narwhal, beluga, skuas and several other gull species.
A desert is an space with little or no rainfall. In consequence, the desert habitat is likely one of the least biodiverse habitats. Deserts are characterised by excessive temperatures, and may both be “scorching” deserts or “chilly” deserts.
Deserts similar to Africa’s Sahara Desert and Kalahari Desert and Australia’s Nice Australian Desert are “scorching deserts”, whereas Asia’s Gobi Desert, South America’s Patagonian Desert and far of the continent of Antarctica are “chilly deserts”.
Because of the lack of cloud cowl, even scorching deserts can expertise extraordinarily chilly temperatures at evening. The broad distinction between day and night-time temperatures presents an extra problem for the world’s desert animals.
Animals that stay in desert habitats embody: Arabian oryx, camel spiders, scorpions, camels, fennec fox, package fox, Gila monster, meerkat, Mojave Desert tortoise, thorny satan, perentie and water-holding frog.
- You’ll be able to see extra animals that stay in a desert habitat on this web page: Desert Animals
- You’ll be able to see extra deserts on this web page: Well-known Deserts
- You will discover out extra about desert habitats on this web page: Desert Details
A mountain is a projection of land whose peak is over 1,000 ft / 300 m above sea stage. Mountain ranges typically kind on account of tectonic motion. Mountains are additionally created by volcanic exercise.
A single mountain can have plenty of totally different habitats, starting from montane forests that develop foothills and valleys, to alpine tundra above the tree line.
Examples of animals that stay in montane habitats embody: Alpine marmot, Alpine ibex, Andean condor, Chamois, Golden eagle, Himalayan tahr, snow leopard, wild goat, mountain goat and mountain hare.
- You’ll be able to see extra animals that stay in montane habitats on this web page: Mountain Animals
Caves are pure holes within the floor. They’re fashioned in plenty of methods, together with erosion by water and tectonic exercise.
With no gentle, and a corresponding lack of flora, caves usually are not locations wherein a lot of species are discovered.
Cave animals, often called troglobites, are sometimes characterised by partial or full blindness, lack of pigmentation (cave animals are sometimes white or extraordinarily pale), and enhanced non-visual sense organs similar to prolonged antennae.
Examples of animals that stay in caves embody: the olm (often known as the cave salamander), Phantom cave snail, white cave velvet worm, Nelson cave spider, Madla cave spider, Aleys’ cave millipede, Benton County cave crayfish, rosy woodlouse, cave cricket, and Troglocladius hajdi, a midge that is ready to fly regardless of being blind.
City habitats are these present in cities and cities similar to buildings, parks and gardens. Though dominated by people, city areas are house to a stunning quantity of wildlife, and are significantly suited to adaptable, generalist species.
The world’s aquatic habitats might be divided into two important teams: marine / saltwater habitats, and freshwater habitats. Under are examples of aquatic habitats in each important teams.
Freshwater Animal Habitats
Lower than 3% of Earth’s water is freshwater, and far of that’s frozen within the type of polar ice caps and glaciers. The proportion of Earth’s water capable of help a large variety of life is way smaller – in truth, simply 0.014% of all Earth’s water is freshwater within the type of rivers, lakes and wetlands.
Wetland habitats are areas wherein the bottom is both flooded or saturated by water. Freshwater wetlands embody swamps and marshes. In a swamp, the dominant flora is woody timber or shrubs. In a marsh, the dominant flora is aquatic vegetation.
Wetlands are discovered on each continent and are house to a big number of animal life.
A river is a physique of flowing water. Each a river itself, and the riparian zone – the land located subsequent to a river – present a house to many animal species. Rivers are freshwater habitats, however the place they meet the ocean, rivers can grow to be brackish. (Brackish water is a mixture of saltwater and freshwater).
Examples of animals that stay in or close to rivers embody: crocodiles, alligators, nutria / coypu, river dolphins, pike, perch, catfish, otters, the hellbender, the alligator snapping turtle, kingfishers, dragonflies and mayflies.
Rivers are additionally momentary properties to migratory fish similar to salmon, steelhead, sea trout and freshwater eels, which migrate between freshwater and marine habitats.
Lakes & Ponds
Lakes and ponds are our bodies of nonetheless water. A lake is usually greater and deeper than a pond. Lakes are fashioned in plenty of alternative ways, together with tectonic, glacial or volcanic exercise.
Lakes can be fashioned by rivers, with oxbow lakes, that are fashioned when a U-shaped part of river turns into remoted from the principle river, being a standard instance.
Many animals that stay in different freshwater habitats, similar to wetlands and rivers, are additionally present in lakes and ponds.
Examples of animals present in lakes embody the hippopotamus, frequent water snake, frequent mudpuppy, walleye, largemouth bass, smallmouth bass, carp, frequent snapping turtle, nice diving beetle, water striders and water boatmen.
Marine Animal Habitats
The world’s oceans and seas cowl 71% of Earth’s floor and include over 96% of the planet’s water. The primary dwelling issues appeared within the ocean over 3.5 billion years in the past, and the ancestors of all terrestrial animals had been marine animals.
Marine habitats don’t simply embody the open ocean; in addition they embody the world’s coasts, estuaries, reefs, and different saltwater ecosystems.
An enormous variety of animals stay within the sea, together with fish, crustaceans, mollusks, worms, and cnidarians (animals similar to jellyfish, sea anemones and corals). The world’s oceans are additionally house to a comparatively small variety of mammals, together with whales and dolphins, and reptiles, similar to sea turtles and sea snakes.
The coast is the area the place the land meets the ocean. The coastal habitat helps a variety of animals, from worms that stay within the sediment, to birds similar to gulls and waders which have quite a few diversifications for foraging in coastal environments. Pinnipeds (marine mammals similar to seals, sea lions and the walrus) breed on coasts in lots of components of the world.
The Intertidal Zone
The intertidal zone is the world of the shore that’s above the low-water mark and beneath the high-water mark. It’s uncovered at low tide and lined by water at excessive tide.
The retreating tide can go away areas of water often called rock swimming pools or tide swimming pools. These might be house to small fish and quite a lot of different marine animals.
Animals that stay within the intertidal zone habitat embody lugworms, ragworms, crabs, barnacles, sea stars / starfish, sea urchins, periwinkles, anemones, limpets, blennies, rock gobies and weeverfish.
An estuary is a physique of water fashioned the place a river meets the ocean. The water in an estuary is commonly brackish (a mixture of saltwater and freshwater). Estuaries are usually nutrient-rich and residential to a correspondingly massive variety of animals.
Animals that stay in estuaries embody waterfowl (birds similar to geese and geese); wading birds similar to sandpipers, plovers, oystercatchers and stilts; herons, egrets, mullets and porpoises.
Mangrove forests are wetland areas throughout the intertidal zone whose vegetation is dominated by mangroves.
Mangroves are timber or woody shrubs which can be capable of stay in brackish or salt water. Mangroves typically have prop roots that maintain the principle plant above the water stage.
Animals that stay in mangrove forests embody sponges, oysters; crustaceans similar to shrimp, mud lobsters, barnacles, fiddler crabs, the mangrove crab and the blue soldier crab; birds such because the mangrove fantail, mangrove kingfisher, brown pelican and nice egrets; and fish such because the mangrove jack, mangrove snapper, and mangrove whipray.
Shallow coastal areas whose vegetation is predominantly seagrasses are often called seagrass meadows or seagrass beds. Seagrasses are flowering vegetation capable of develop in marine habitats, and the one vegetation that develop within the ocean. Their lengthy, inexperienced leaves resemble grasses discovered on land.
Animals that stay in seagrass meadows embody mollusks, bristle worms, crustaceans similar to shrimp and crabs; fish similar to seahorses and flatfish, and bigger animals such because the dugong, manatees and the inexperienced sea turtle.
A kelp forest is an space of the ocean dominated by kelp. Kelp is a sort of brown algae seaweed that grows on the seabed. Kelp forests are most considerable in temperate and polar areas.
Animals that stay in kelp forests embody: rockfish, sea snails, sea urchins, brittle stars, bristle worms, clams, mussels, seals and sea lions.
The sea otter is a keystone species in kelp forests, because it preys on sea urchins which graze on kelp.
(A keystone species is one which performs a significant half in sustaining an ecosystem.)
Coral reefs are undersea habitats fashioned by corals, colonial marine invertebrates associated to jellyfish and sea anemones.
The calcium carbonate contained the skeletons of the person corals that make up a colony step by step combines to kind rock-like buildings.
Coral reefs are often called the “rainforests of the ocean” because of the huge variety of species they supply a house to; at the least 25% of all marine species are thought to stay within the coral reef habitat.
Animals that stay on coral reefs embody: invertebrates similar to sponges, jellyfish, starfish, sea urchins and sea cucumbers and fish similar to wrasses, triggerfish, and sharks. Outbreaks of the coral-eating crown-of-thorns starfish might be extraordinarily damaging for coral reefs.
The Open Sea
The open sea is the world past the shallow waters discovered round landmasses similar to continents and islands and above the seabed. This space is often known as the “pelagic zone”.
The seabed is called the “benthic zone”, whereas the world instantly above the benthic zone is the “demersal zone”.
Hydrothermal vents, or submarine vents are cracks within the Earth’s crust on the ocean mattress brought on by the motion of tectonic plates.
The magma beneath the plates heats the seawater that enters the vents, which may end up in the water reaching a temperature of over 700° F (the water doesn’t boil because of the excessive strain at these depths).
Chemical compounds emitted from the vents help micro organism and different microorganisms, which in flip present vitamins for bigger animals.
Animals that stay on submarine vents embody mollusks such because the scaly-foot gastropod (a deep-sea snail) and deep sea mussels of genus Bathymodiolus; worms such because the Pompeii worm and the two meter / 6.6 ft tall big tube worm; and crustaceans such because the “Hoff crab”, a yeti crab named after actor David Hasselhoff on account of its furry chest!

domain: geography


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I was browsing through Amazon’s free Kindle books a few months ago and found a story called, Sushi, Motorcycles and One Strange Book by Nancy N. Rue.I had no idea what it was about but thought the title sounded pretty cool.I could not have been more pleased with this story.
Jessie Hatcher is not your normal fifteen year old girl.Not only does she have to deal with a bi-polar mother who has her “in bed days” and “out of bed days,” but she also has to deal with being ADHD.When the father she thought had died when she was a baby suddenly shows up wanting to meet her and then her mother attempts suicide, Jessie suddenly finds herself in a strange new world. All of a sudden she’s living with her father, fighting with a spoiled step sister and trying to figure out the intentions of a new guy she meets along the way.But all Jessie wants is to go back to her old life, one way or another.
As she struggles to find her footing and to find a way back home, Jessie soon finds comfort in a book she found at the airport.When the stories in the book seem to parallel the craziness in her own life, Jessie can’t help but wonder what is really going on.As she is pulled deeper into the stories of Yeshua, she soon finds the peace and acceptance she never dreamed was an option.But when her original plans of returning to her old life starts to come together, she has to decide which life she really wants to live.
I loved this story and the way the Nancy Rue intertwines scripture from the bible.I didn’t feel the stories were preachy or that she was trying to cram a lesson down your throat.Instead, I thought the book was fun, easy to read, and left me rooting for Jessie to make the right decision.I LOVED how the author incorporated both the motorcycle and sushi references and how each plays as large a role as the strange book.I highly recommend this story to both teens and adults.
Of course at the end of the book was the first chapter for the next book in the series.I immediately went hunting for Nancy Rue’s Boyfriends, Burritos and an Ocean of Trouble.AWESOME!This book was a LOT deeper in that it dealt with physical abuse.
When fifteen year old Bryn is brought into the emergency room after a car accident, she knows that she won’t be able to hide the bruises.Bruises inflicted by her popular boyfriend, Preston.When her father finds out about the abuse, he insists on pressing charges. This results in a roller coaster ride of threats, shame and Preston trying to pin the abuse on her father.
When Bryn picks up a random book in the hospital waiting room to hide behind when Preston is taken away in handcuffs, she has no idea that she’s holding the answer to her prayers.With her grandmother doing her best to help her find the courage she needs to get through this ordeal, Bryn battles to understand how she could have allowed this to happen.As she heals, she finds new friends, a stronger understanding of right and wrong, and slowly allows herself to fall in love again.As each new turn in the road brings with it new obstacles, the book helps Bryn prepare herself to take face these obstacles head on.But in the end, will everything she’s gone through be enough to save Preston’s latest victim?
Again, I LOVED this book.Nancy Rue handled this subject with the best of care and kept everything from being preachy both religious wise and with the issue of abuse.I was left guessing as to the outcome right up until the very end, but Ms. Rue did an amazing job of wrapping it all up.I loved how the author incorporated everything in the title.

domain: library


text: Fertilizing your lawn is an important step in keeping your lawn healthy and hardy. There are really only two times of the year when it is necessary to fertilize to your lawn, late May, and early September. Fertilizing your lawn in spring gives your grass a good start on the growing season and provides much need nutrients after the snow has melted and many nutrients have washed away. A fall fertilizer application gives your lawn hardiness and provides nutrients like potassium which gives your grass strong root and ultimately helps it survive our long winters. Many people choose to fertilize their lawns in midsummer, but this is not necessary and often causes more harm than good. Fertilizing during the hot summer months can burn your grass and actually kill it because the nitrogen is applied too heavily to the lawn and nitrogen is activated more aggressively in the hot sun. When you are fertilizing your lawn be very careful to follow application instructions carefully. Applying too much fertilizing can be very harmful, and applying too little can mean you have wasted your time. Using a good fertilizer spreader is important and will help you to apply the fertilizer more evenly. Avoid hand spreading, as it tends to give you an uneven application. After fertilizing your lawn make sure you water it thoroughly and keep children and pets off for the first few days.

domain: agronomy


Our ratings are based on a scale from 1 (We avoid) to 5 (Great) How we rate
Message Factory's environment rating is 'great'. It uses a high proportion of eco-friendly materials including organic cotton. It reuses all of its offcuts to minimise textile waste. It manufactures locally to reduce its climate impact. Its use of eco-friendly materials limits the amount of chemicals, water and wastewater used in production.
Its labour rating is 'it's a start'. Its final stage of production is undertaken in Canada, a low risk country for labour abuse. It traces most of its supply chain. It is unclear whether it ensures payment of a living wage in its supply chain. It visits its suppliers but does not state how often.
Its animal rating is 'good'. It does not use leather, down, fur, exotic animal skin or exotic animal hair. It uses recycled wool.
Message Factory is rated 'Good' overall.


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Appearance: Pale straw yellow colour with soft golden reflections.
Bouquet: High aromatic intensity, citrus aromas, green apple, minerals, chalk, on a floral background.
Palate: It is lively, green apple and citrus stand out initially, with good structure, floral, final where the floral notes are accompanied by saline notes with balsamic touches of good persistence.
Five winegrowers got together to recover abandoned vineyards, and they are recovering them with the most traditional variety in the area, the Blanco Legítimo, which is a practically exclusive breed in this region, and it was precisely the passion for it that brought them together in this project. Ángel Pedreira Vieiro, José Luis Bouzón Beade, Juan Naveira Presedo, Pablo Fernández Coroas and Ricardo Rilo Rodríguez are 5 entrepreneurs who created Conexión Mandeo Winery with the purpose of recovering old vineyards, growing vines and creating a new wine. They exalt the quality of an ancestral variety whose first strains appeared in Paderne. The Blanco Legítimo has an important potential in the production of dry wines, due to its acidity, it is also valid for making sparkling wines and in years in which the autumn is dry, there is the possibility of making sweet wine, late harvest wines. It is a very versatile grape variety. They do not work with antibiotics because later in the winery they can cause problems in fermentation, since they do not use chemical products to make the wine ferment. They select a part of the harvest to ferment in wooden barrels and another part in steel tanks, and then they assemble these two batches and continue with the aging for a year or so to give the wine more travel. And then they even keep it aging in the bottle so that the wine lasts longer on the market (4 or 5 years). This is how they make their flag wine Alicerce, a monovarietal of Blanco Legítimo with a little touch of Agudelo and Godello grape varieties. The grapes with which Mar Ao Norde is made come from the Os Bancais estate in O Marulo, they are vines over 20 years old planted on shallow shale soils. The wine undergoes spontaneous fermentation with indigenous yeasts in a single 225-litre French oak barrel with temperature control. Subsequently, it is aged for 12 months in the same barrel, before being transferred to a steel tank for a further 3 months. It is bottled without clarifying or filtering and is refined for a further 7 months in the bottle before going on the market. Mar Ao Norde has a limited production of just 400 bottles.
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Some things just taste better when consumed outdoors.
These include but are not limited to grilled meats, anything green, corn still on the cob, all cone-based ice creams, crusty baguettes, canned fizzy drinks, most beers, chilled wines and also quite a few cocktails (see juleps, daiquiris and Pimm’s cups).
For those perfect Denver summer days when a cloudless morning doesn’t give way to an afternoon golfball-sized-hail storm, let there be a picnic, whether it’s in a city park surrounded by flowers and screaming kids, or in an amphitheater before a big projector screen.
Consider sitting down to a meal among nature at least once this year.
Here, we offer a handy guide to picnics around Denver — where to go, what to bring, one weather-proof recipe and a last-minute packing checklist. And remember, the table, cutlery and guests are all very much optional.
Where to picnic
With your basket and a blanket in hand, head to a Denver park for the quintessential picnic experience. We like Wash Park for its full spectrum of activities and people watching on any given day or Cheesman Park for its city oasis vibes. Both parks also have reservable picnic sites that can include tables, grills (Wash Park only) and access to restrooms.
Right next to Cheesman Park, the Denver Botanic Gardens allows visitors to bring their own food for a picnic. You’ll have to pay the $12.50 daily entry fee, so make sure to tour the grounds on your visit. Once inside, find a spot near the solarium in the Woodland Mosaic for a shaded picnic. Or, for sunshine, head to the lawn or perch by the water gardens. Want more waterside picnicking? Try Sloan’s Lake Park, not so far away but miles from the concrete and skyscrapers.
Sunday evenings from June to August, there are free concerts and food trucks to enjoy at City Park. Buy food there or bring it with you to enjoy picnic-style while watching jazz performers from Hazel Miller to Badda Boom Brass Band.
And on a handful of Mondays throughout the summer, Red Rocks plays Film on the Rocks, where you can cuddle up in the coolest outdoor amphitheater while enjoying some packed snacks. At Lakeside Amusement Park, the century-old design really shines by night. You’ll pay just $4 to enter and can snag a picnic table underneath the creaking rides and neon signs.
What to eat
For a mellow, two-person meal, the Berkeley neighborhood’s Il Porcellino Salumi now carries one Colorado picnic pack. For $35, you’ll get summer sausage and sliced coppa, a wheel of MouCo cheese, Denver-based 34 Degrees crackers, Il Porcellino’s pickled vegetables, plus a pair of CBD-infused sparkling waters from Dram for that added chill. Tip: You can also request compostable plates and utensils. ilporcellinodenver.com
For a game day or night, Cured in Boulder offers a picnic and puzzle box, with a puzzle depicting a picnic scene (how meta!) alongside real-life picnic items for two — cheese, charcuterie, fresh and dried fruits, nuts, olives, hummus, baguette and lavender butter cookies for dessert. curedboulder.com
Sandwich lovers can grab a lunch box to go from neighborhood favorite Curtis Park Deli (with another location in Cherry Creek). For $14, you’ll get a sandwich of choice — in varieties like French, Italian and American — plus chips and a cookie. Another classic deli option, Lou’s Italian Specialties specializes in stuffed hoagies — try the Louie, Severino Grande or Roman Fiesta — at $12-$16 per sub. Add on a couple of salads from the deli counter to make a full meal. curtisparkdeli.com; lousitalianspecialties.com
Pastrami fans can try the house 12-day cured and smoked meat on a Reuben ($15) from downtown’s Leven Deli. Or step it up with the Fat Jewish ($17), piled with pastrami and corned beef and Swiss and tarragon mustard at RiNo’s Rye Society. Both new-school delis also offer boxed lunches and catering trays. Try Leven’s Easy Does It sandwich platter, which serves six for $75. eatleven.com; ryesociety.com
On East Colfax and 17th Avenue, Marczyk Fine Foods sells deli sandwiches and prepared items alongside a full specialty grocery with pantry items, breads and produce for your picnics. Roast chickens and fresh-baked pies are also available for ordering. marczykfinefoods.com
Picnickers across South Denver can find everything needed for an outdoor meal at Tony’s Market — from meats and seafood for grilling to charcuterie, cheeses and baked goods for snacking. A full catering menu also includes breakfast burritos and barbecue. tonysmarket.com
Denver Central Market’s Culture Meat & Cheese caters charcuterie boards ($15-$50) for parties of two to 10 people and offers meal bundles with sandwiches, sides and desserts in three sizes for $12.50-$13.75. The retail shop combines meats, preserves, pickles and more for a quick, pre-picnic stop. culturemeatandcheese.com
Western Daughters Butcher Shoppe in Lower Highland can provide you with nose-to-tail cuts for grilling, all made from meat that’s raised and harvested within 150 miles of Denver. You’ll also find your deli needs and house-made bone broths, and check out the store’s curated pantry section for other picnicking odds and ends. westerndaughters.com
Truffle Cheese Shop on 6th Avenue sells picnic baskets starting at $50 for a hand-picked selection of cheeses and meat, crackers, olives, jelly, fruits and nuts, chocolate and more. You can call the shop a day before your picnic to order those (they come with picnic baskets and utensils). Or stop by the store to pick out your own selection of cheese. denvertruffle.com
Mercantile Dining & Provision in Denver Union Station sells its own Fruition Farms cheeses, all made in Colorado, from ricotta to cacio pecora. Also find pastries such as sticky buns and danishes and market items like duck rillete and house pickles. mercantiledenver.com
Just off 38th Avenue, Cask and Craft is a sweet stop for craft liquor and beer and wines, including a $10 bargain bin. And it’s just up the street from Western Daughters, if you’re stopping there for grilling meat. caskandcraft.com
South Pearl Street’s Pearl Wine Company will not only handle your bottle needs for the picnic, but it can supply your food as well. New this season, you’ll find a dedicated cooler filled with local River Bear American Meats for grilling, Elevation charcuterie and cheeses from Culture Meat & Cheese. pearlwinecompany.com

domain: food


John Johnston is happy to see Shorts develop that habit of champions, the ability to win ugly, but hopes it’s not a trait he has to witness too many times this season.
The 1C league leaders were way off the pace at home to Saintfield on Saturday, but still managed to dig in for the win, with centre back Darren Corkum conjuring an injury-time winner at Aircraft Park.
Looking at the bigger picture, Johnston insists he can’t be too critical of his players after their start to the season, while admitting the result was the only good thing about the performance at the weekend.
“We were awful and scored in the 93rd minute, I felt really bad for Saintfield, we were very lucky to beat them, but it’s been the only game this year where we’ve been awful,” said the Shorts chief, who left the pitch dazzled by a stand-out display from Saintfield’s No 7, young Ethan Barr.
“But as they say, it’s a good sign when you win and still get the points when you play bad.”
Dedicating the victory to club chairman Darren Orr, whose dad is seriously ill, Johnston paid tribute to his players and the way they’ve set about their business this season.
It’s been a startling turnaround for a club who were languishing just above the relegation places during the 2019/20 season before Johnston arrived to take charge.
“The only thing I can honestly say I’ve been disappointed with this season is the three losses we have had,” explained the former Bryansburn boss.
“Two of them were against Tullycarnet who are up there with us, we were depleted in both those games so that’s frustrating.
“But to be fair, up until yesterday, the boys have been absolutely outstanding. I said to them afterwards, the old Shorts team probably wouldn’t have come away with the win yesterday.
“And they keep reminding me that the season before I took over, before lockdown, they were in 10 or 11th place, so this is unusual territory for them.”
And with anything up to six teams vying for those two promotion spots, keeping rivals at bay with Shorts already past the halfway stage in the league is the big challenge now for the Holywood Road outfit.
And for Johnston, the secret to keeping the players focused and on their toes for the run-in is simple: competition for places.
“At the minute, I have 19 first team players, and if anyone misses training, or plays bad, there are five players there to come into the squad who can take their place,” he said.
“I’ve said to the players 48 points will get you promoted. We have 10 games left, so seven out of the 10 should get us promoted. But it’s that close it’s hard to say.”