text:
LifeTips.com President, Byron White interviews guests weekly discussing the hottest topics for both consumers and web-marketers that will make your life better, smarter and more fun. Special guests include best-selling authors and celebrities that will get you in-the-know with topics that matter. From green living to diet innovations to landing page optimization, Byron takes the show to another level with hard-hitting questions for guests that help you improve your work life and business life.
By Byron White on WebmasterRadio.fm
Discussion of Japanâ€™s domestic politics and international relations, with focus on recent developments related to evolution of the role of the prime minister and cabinet, after-effects of the recent general election, constitutional revision, and Japanâ€™s relations with other Asian nations. Sponsored by the Japan Considered Project at the University of South Carolina [www.JapanConsidered.ORG], the weekly broadcasts include comments by Project creator/maintainer, Robert Angel, and short interviews with other specialists on Japanese politics and international relations.
By Robert Angel
The Pritzker Military Library, located in Chicago, Illinois, has extensive collections in military history and military fiction, especially those works that illustrate the role of the citizen-soldier. Part of the mission of the library is to develop appropriate programs focusing on the concept of the Citizen Soldier as an essential element for the preservation of democracy. The Library has an extensive programming schedule. Unless otherwise noted, all events are free and open to the public. All programs are available as a live webcast and are also archived for later viewing at www.pritzkermilitarylibrary.org. Features the best authors, historians, journalists, and members of the military discussing their latest books on military history and military fiction.
By Pritzker Military Library
This is the Reading Teachers Lounge where listeners can eavesdrop on professional conversations between elementary reading teachers. We are passionate about literacy and strive to find strategies to reach all learners. Shannon and Mary are neighbors who realized that they were “literacy soul sisters” at a dinner in their Atlanta neighborhood. Once they started chatting about reading they haven’t really stopped. Come join the conversation.
By Shannon Betts and Mary Saghafi
Lou goes to places you never even wanted to know existed on the internet and returns with a podcast you can't stop listening to. All the posts he reads are real even if you don't want to believe it! Sometimes disturbing, sometimes enlightening but always fun to listen to. Some examples of places Lou has gone are a forum for heroin addicts where junkies share their tips on how to negotiate the world of heroin for new junkies, a different forum where people share their most awkward sexual encounters and yet another forum where teenagers who believe they are vampires tell of the time they discovered their true-selves. The internet changes everyday and Lou is there looking for the craziest and most interesting stuff to read about. Check it out today!
By King Lou Fernandez
Welcome to the ReClaiming Your Voice podcast. If you are a Christian woman struggling with low self-worth and fear. If you desire to discover God in a new way, reclaim your voice and live your core values...you are in the right place. On the show, you will learn how values and core values can guide you in ways that will change your life, that YOU have value and God wants to be included on your journey towards healing.
By Vernica Williams
Crash Course in Islam is a production of the Voices and Visions Project from the Center for the Study of Global Change at Indiana University. This weekly podcast debunks common myths about the Islamic faith in brief, informational segments. Learn more at CrashCourseinIslam.org
By Voices and Visions


text:
John Stewart Curry
Inventing the Middle West annotated edition
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John Stewart Curry by Patricia Junker
Book DescriptionJohn Steuart Curry: Inventing the Middle West is the first comprehensive study in more than fifty years of this member of the great triumvirate of American Regionalists: Thomas Hart Benton, Curry, and Grant Wood. It revives the reputation of one of the most important and controversial artists of the first half of the twentieth century, whose paintings of farm life in his native Kansas (including baptisms and tornados), of the circus, of American history, and of the American scene in general were dramatically eclipsed by the ascendancy of abstract art and the New York School at midcentury.
Buy John Stewart Curry book by Patricia Junker from Australia's Online Bookstore, Boomerang Books.
Book DetailsISBN: 9781555951399
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Imprint: Hudson Hills Press Inc.,U.S.
Publisher: Hudson Hills Press Inc.,U.S.
Publish Date: 31-Mar-1998
Country of Publication: United States
Books By Author Patricia Junker
David Ligare, Hardback (May 2015)» View all books by Patricia Junker
David Ligare's paintings of figures, landscapes, architectural subjects and still lifes are permeated by the lessons of antiquity. This title, released in conjunction with the exhibition organized by the Crocker Art Museum in Sacramento, (running from 7 June to 20 September 2015), is a chronology and more than 200 reproductions and photographs.
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domain: literature


Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell (R-KY) said Friday that he “misspoke” when he previously claimed that “no one in the middle class is going to get a tax increase” under the Senate’s plan.
In a Friday interview with the New York Times, McConnell acknowledged that some working families would end up paying higher taxes if their bill passed, contradicting his comments from earlier this week.
“I misspoke on that,” McConnell told the newspaper. “You can’t guarantee that absolutely no one sees a tax increase, but what we are doing is targeting levels of income and looking at the average in those levels and the average will be tax relief for the average taxpayer in each of those segments.”
A Times analysis found that millions of middle-class families will see higher taxes under the bill, which disproportionately benefits corporations and the country’s wealthiest households.
Congressional Republicans are under pressure to quickly move forward with tax reform after failing to pass any major legislation this year. Several acknowledged to TPM last week that their voters would turn on them if they are unable to pass a bill.
But the House and Senate bills rolled out this week contain stark differences, and lawmakers have only a few weeks to reconcile them before the Christmas deadline that the White House has imposed for tax reform’s passage.


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SOLD - Brand new and completely unworn AUGUST 2021 NEW MODEL Rolex GMT-Master II Batman on Oyster bracelet - Reference: 126710BLNR.
FULL SET - Box, papers, warranty card, tags. UK supplied watch. FULL FACTORY STICKERS.
The watch is supplied with its original Rolex box, manuals, green and white tags and Rolex warranty card dated August 2021.
This watch is now sold but we can source more, so please give us a call if you would like to discuss our price to supply this watch to you.
First launched in 1955 and originally designed for professional use by airline pilots, the GMT-Master became a huge hit with travellers. Showing two time zones simultaneously was of great benefit to those travelling across continents and time zones. GMT, of course, stands for Greenwich Mean Time, which marks solar time at the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, London - the original meridian used for calculating longitude and determining different time zones around the world. The ceramic bezel on the GMT-Master II is quite a work of art - the two colours combination is on a single piece ceramic component, which was a world first for Rolex. And did you know it takes 40 hours to produce each two-colour Cerachrom (that's Rolex-speak for ceramic) bezel!
Model Number: 126710BLNR
Case Size: 40mm
Condition Description: New / unworn
Case Material: Steel
Strap Material: Steel
Dial Colour: Black
Water Resistance: 100m
Original Box: Yes
Original Papers: Yes
Warranty: 5 Year Rolex Warranty from August 2021
Return Period: 14 days *
The Watch Room Reference: 214-RLX-A00M
* see terms and conditions
Out of Stock

domain: geography


text:
CHRIS White has dramatically quit as Worthing Football Club manager.
White, who took over at the club in 2010, tendered his resignation on Tuesday evening over ongoing issues behind the scenes, combined with personal circumstances.
Having taken over from Simon Colbran at Woodside Road, White had led Rebels to a 14th-placed finish in Ryman Division 1 South in his first season, before just missing out on the play-offs last year - both on a well-documented shoestring budget.
White said the factor of an upcoming operation and his expenses not being covered - in fact managing the club has been costing him money - has left him with no choice, but to walk away.
White said: “I had to do the right thing for my family and put them first for a change, as it has cost me a lot of money doing the job and I can’t afford to do it anymore.
“When I snapped my Achilles in the fans’ tournament last year I was in plaster for 10 months and out of work for 12, which hurt financially.
“I have now been diagnosed with arthritis in my knee and need an operation in the next few months. Last year, my misses had to work seven days a week just to keep us afloat and I am not prepared to put my family under that hardship again.
“I had the same conversion a few times with the club and they said it would all be sorted and it hasn’t, now I have been told categorically there was no question doing it (covering his expenses). That’s fair enough, if there is no money in the club for that then ok, that’s a decision they have to make.
“It’s been hard work . I thought about calling it a day at the end of last season, but spoke to the club and they said with the Brighton friendly and new sponsorship and things, it would improve.
“Those things have happened and nothing has changed - I can’t keep funding things myself, and the operation has brought it all to a head, really.
“I have got to get my head down and work as many Saturday and earn enough money to not put my family through a position like last year. Football has always come first, but now I have to put my family first.
“The self hunger for it has dwindled in the past few months. I have been in football since to age of 16, I am 51 now and I have always given it my all.
“The massive high when we win has always been fantastic, and the despair and low when we lose always stayed with me until training on Tuesday or our next game - the two haven’t been there so much recently, so I need to get my hunger back to.
“I’ve not fallen out with the club and wished them them well, we have parted on good terms.”
White revealed he had resigned on Tuesday evening, but agreed to speak to the club again before formally announcing his decision.
Despite an indifferent start to this season the former Horsham YMCA boss revealed it hasn’t all been bad times, “I have taken a lot of stick and that’s fair enough, football is a game of opinions, there are always a few around, but the lads behind the goal, the proper fans, have been brilliant,” he added.
“There have been some good times, we got the club its first trophy in 10 years (Charity Cup), competed in the league each season and also beaten Bognor for the first time in 19 years, I believe, all on one of the lowest three budgets in the league.”
Club secretary Alistair McKail has insisted that this season’s budget remains the same as last season, with it being White’s choice to spend more on his squad than take his own expenses.
He said: “I know one of the factors in his decision was the matter of expenses, because his financial position has changed over recent seasons.
“From the club’s point of view we have a budget that covers the playing side, including manager’s wages, and Chris generously chose to not take anything in preference to having a stronger squad - the budget is the same as last year and has not been cut since the season started.
“That option still remained for him, but we could not increase the budget to accommodate it, and so we could only promise some ad-hoc contributions to assist.
“I don’t think that’s the whole reason, as ever, it’s always more complicated than that.
“Obviously we are sorry to see Chris go, as he has done a very good job on limited resources, and we respect his decision and wish him all the best for the future.
“We are meeting with the players and coaching team this evening (Thursday) to assure them nothing else is changing as we look to find the best replacement for him.
“We obviously want to keep disruption down to a minimum, and keep the positives from last Saturday’s great result at Merstham, which we all knew had been coming.”

domain: news


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No one is in doubt that the culture war has spilled into every facet of American society as humanly possible. It should come as no surprise that the social justice community would be up in arms over the use of a false rape allegation as a plot point in Crunchyroll’s The Rising of The Shield Hero anime.
The attacks and criticism came after the first episode of the show aired on Crunchyroll.
But before we get into the criticisms, here’s the synopsis for the show according to Anime News Network:
Naofumi Iwatani, an uncharismatic otaku who spends his days on games and manga, suddenly finds himself summoned to a parallel universe. He discovers he is one of four heroes equipped with legendary weapons and tasked with saving the world from its prophesied destruction. As the Shield Hero, the weakest of the heroes, all is not as it seems. Naofumi is soon alone, penniless, and betrayed. With no one to turn to, and nowhere to run, he is left with only his shield. Now, Naofumi must rise to become the legendary Shield Hero and save the world.
What happened that has everyone up in arms?
In the first episode, we learn that Naofumi Iwatani, shortly after being transported to the fantasy world, is accused of rape by a female character named Myne.
Following his arrival in the fantasy world, the four heroes split into two teams. Naofumi teams up with Myne on one day and with Malty on the next. After teaming up with Myne and sleeping in separate locations, Naofumi wakes up to find his belongings, including his gear and silver have been taken. Myne, who was supposed to be his hero partner, also accuses him of rape. The situation worsens when a torn neglige is found on Naofumi’s bed.
Though he attempts to defend himself the other three heroes don’t believe him, and he is ostracized.
In the fantasy world, the assault of a female is comparable to a capital offense, but Naofumi is only saved due to his status as being one of the four heroes.
While Naofumi continues to plead his case to Myne, she does stop her crying for a moment and sticks out her tongue as a means to confirm that she did in fact falsely accuse The Shield Bearer of rape.
The Social Justice Crowd Are Up In Arms
Unsurprising, the social justice elements of the internet weren’t happy that a false rape accusation was used as a plot point.
Anime Feminist refused to review the first episode due to its content. However, they did have a few choice words for the series:
“I have never seen a series with such a deeply held, misanthropic victim mentality.”
They also noted that “Our readers know why a series hinging on a false rape accusation and slavery apologism is wrong.”
Anime Feminist would then list off a number of organizations dealing with sexual assault like RAINN and Men Can Stop Rape.
Others such as Anime News Network had reviewers who chose to base their low ratings of the episode on the plot point they didn’t like.
For example, James Beckett even went so far as to scold the writers for using fake rape allegations, giving the episode a 1.5 out of 5 stars. This is what he had to say:
“Every trick in the book is employed to frame Myne as an exaggeration of the duplicitous, promiscuous harpy that uses her beauty to lure men to their doom, and Naofumi is the innocent everyman who’s punished for being too trusting, thus justifying the hatred and misanthropy that follows him. It’s not just a cliché, it’s a fantasy of persecution that’s frequently propagated by men in order to justify mistreatment and mistrust of women. It would be foolish to say that no person has ever falsely accused another of assault, but the fact is that society more often does not take allegations of assault seriously and often punishes victims for speaking up about it. The situation is so bad that the majority of victims choose not to report sexual violence, because it is assumed that they will be ignored or harassed further. This is why Rising of the Shield Hero’s treatment of this subject matter deserves to be discussed. The idea that men are aggrieved victims of some matriarchal conspiracy is not only an imaginary boogeyman, it’s something that has caused real harm in the world outside this work of fiction.”
Other reviewers weren’t much kinder with Nick Creamer calling to burn the episode writing, “burn it and salt the earth.“.
Creamer derided the writer of the episode writing, ” Butthis author isn’t just angry at women—his bitter paranoia extends to basically everyone around him.“
He also went after the Naofumi’s character describing him as “unlikeable in a casually misogynistic way.”
Those are pretty strong words to say the least.
Website S1E1 would also lament the false rape allegation as well.
The review specifically took issue with Naofumi’s bitterness of being falsely accused and how he becomes cold to the people of the fantasy world. This coldness is described as a “type of toxic masculine traits that just make him into an unlikable protagonist.”
It seems that the reviewer was more bothered by the allegation and wanted to attack it more than seeing how variables around Naofumi shaped his attitude towards his new home.
Here are some more of the review that attacked the plot point:
“The first and most important thing worth mentioning is that false rape accusations of this nature aren’t really a thing (think about the social consequences for women even when their accusations are extremely credible; people don’t do this kind of thing for fun). It’s as if Myne’s actions sprung fully-formed out of a misinformed, misanthropic incel fantasy; Kitamura is even depicted as some kind of an alpha male who gains women’s attractions unearned. I feel like Myne’s betrayal could have come in any number of different forms and not been half as problematic; unfortunately this choice reads to me as having been made with particular intent.
“The consequence of this is that it positions Naofumi to harden his emotions, come into his anger, and embody the type of toxic masculine traits that just make him into an unlikable protagonist. He begins to violently hassle shopkeepers and threaten people by confronting them with the low-level biting monsters he keeps hidden beneath his cape. He turns into the kind of world-reviling jerk that goes on to commit mass violence, inspired by the type of event these sorts fantasize as a common truth. It’s dangerous and vile.”
Why Do They Hate Rising of the Shield Hero?
As I mentioned above much of the vitriol we see against this new anime is its use of what seems to be a sacred cow to the SJW movement. The the use of a false rape allegation undermines what some see as a political weapon used by the modern SJW movement.
We have seen this play out over the years with so-called “Mattress Girl,” as well as Chris Hardwick. Most recently this tactic debuted on a national stage during the Senate confirmation of Judge Brett Kavanaugh. Supreme Court Justice Kavanaugh was accused of sexual assault with little to no evidence. These types of false allegations have been used as a means to attempt to derail the lives of people.
What do you think of all of this? Does the Social Justice Community have a point in their concerns? Or are they overreaching? Have you seen The Rising Of The Shield Hero? If so, what are your impressions? Let me know in the comments below!

domain: sociology


Some information is missing or invalid below.
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Originally Posted by Blakemore00XJ
the locker was never taken apart or pulled out of the carrier.. from what i was watching he just had to change the ring gear and pinion gear along with the new bearings and stuff that come with the kit.
not to sound like a broken record, but it does sound like backlash.
did they happen to re-use the crush sleeve? Did they check the backlash/tooth engagement/shim depth behind any new bearings?


2020 Bentley Flying Spur takes shape
Expect no less than three powertrains options.
Bentley published a pair of preview images to give us an early look at the next-generation Flying Spur. The sedan will make its official debut in the coming months.
One of the images shows the Flying Spur's hood ornament. It retracts into the body when the car is parked, and it appears to light up in the dark. The second shot is a blacked-out sketch of the sedan's silhouette. Its overall design remains hidden, but British magazine Autocar learned designers put a bigger emphasis on differentiating the Flying Spur from the new Continental GT it's mechanically related to.
The engine portfolio will include a 4.0-liter V8, a 6.0-liter W12, and a plug-in hybrid drivetrain built around a 3.0-liter V6. Odds are all three powertrains will be shared with the Bentayga, which offers the same three engine options. The Flying Spur line-up will grow later in the production run with the introduction of a high-performance Speed-badged model gifted with a more dynamic chassis.
Bentley didn't reveal when it will unveil the Flying Spur. The Shanghai auto show and the New York auto show are both around the corner, so we could see it at one of these events. Alternatively, the firm could choose to present it online, or at a standalone event organized as part of its 100th anniversary celebrations. We expect to learn more about the model in the next few weeks.


Saturday, 25 March 2017
Apart from the controversy generated by her claim not to know RnB singer, Banky W and Falz as well as her fake accent, evicted Big Brother Naija housemate, Gifty Powers also believed that over-playing her game was part of the reasons she was kicked out of the competition. She shares her story with Star Tracker. Read full interview below
Friday, 15 July 2016
Thursday, 2 June 2016
Wednesday, 20 April 2016
Hmmmmm, okay o ...Ghanaians be looking for trouble since the 1800... Trust Nigerians nah, we no dey carry last.
As shared on her instagram page, she actually looks good on the two piece number. See more pics after the cut...
Last year Nicki Minaj's older brother Jelani Maraj was accused of repeatedly raping a 12 year-old girl. The grand jury has determined there is enough evidence to move forward with the case.
According to Bossip
Flavor baby mama number two and ex Beauty Queen Anna Ebiere looks flawless in an old Hollywood Glam inspired shoot. See more photos after the cut.
The funeral activities will on Friday 22nd April 2016 begin with a service of songs at Oduduwa College Ile-Ife by 4:30pm to be followed by the funeral service 11am on Saturday 23rd April 2016at the St. Paul’s Anglican Church,Aiyegbaju, Ile-Ife.
South African controversial pastor, Paseka Motsoeneng, has revealed why he anoints his female members’ undies. According to reports the popular pastor recently ordered his female members to bring their panties for anointing to protect them against evil spirit.
Tuesday, 19 April 2016
Quy Huy Hoang, 68, was sentenced to spend at least 18 years behind bars in Sydney District Court today.
Wednesday, 13 April 2016
An ancient mummy discovered in Mongolia seems to be way ahead of its time fashion wise – by wearing Adidas trainers. According to The Sun, scientists unearthed the 1,500-year-old remains of a woman’s hands and feet high up in the Altai Mountains.
But the cutting edge footwear, with the trademark stripes of the sportswear brand, is causing a stir on the internet, and fuelling talk of time travel.
Olajumoke Orisaguna . the bread-seller ’s viral Cinderella story is far from over. Though the bread seller turned model has been off the social radar for a couple of weeks now and this is alluded to the fact that she has gone back to school to polish herself.
Zambian police on Tuesday briefly detained two journalists over a story quoting an opposition leader saying President Edgar Lungu used public funds to pay for a holiday, in a further sign of rising political tension ahead of August elections.


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Views of the sparkling waters of the Annisquam River, Ipswich Bay, Wingaersheek Beach and the Annisqaum Yacht Club just across the river. Incredible sunsets await you every evening! Monthly rates available in winter.
Explore the village of Rockport and beyond from this 4 bedroom, 1 bath historic summer getaway with all the modern day amenities. Steps from the shops, art galleries and restaurants, beaches and the train to Boston.

domain: travel


ALBUQUERQUE (AP) – A Santa Fe lawmaker says he will sponsor a proposed constitutional amendment for the state’s bail system, which he calls “broken.”
Sen. Peter Wirth, a member of the Senate Judiciary Committee, said Thursday his bill will be introduced during the 30-day state legislative session that starts in January.
The Democrat’s proposal puts forward two key reforms, one of which would allow judges to deny bail before trial for the most high-risk, dangerous defendents.
Another reform being proposed would allow for the release of low-risk defendants who are being held in jail simply because they do not have the means to make bond. If approved in the legislature, a measure would go before voters in November 2016.
Arthur Pepin, director of the state’s administrative office of the courts, says New Mexico’s judiciary endorses a bail reform constitutional amendment.


West Coast songstress, Jhene Aiko, has been on the music scene since early 2000 and it looks like her consistency is finally paying off. Following the release of her recent album, Souled Out, Jhene is now headlining her own tour. Aiko will also have TDE first lady, SZA, and Odd Future’s The Internet opening for her. You can check out the tour dates below.
Childish Gambino releases a visual for his latest album Because The Internet. Here Bino stars Jhene Aiko as his love interest. The two have a rendezvous in the lush island terrain of Hawaii. Everything seems beautiful….and then things get weird toward the end. He transform into some half-man half-octopus mutant and kills two men in the process. We’re not really sure what happens to Ms. Aiko. Guess we’ll just have to wait and see.
Jhene Aiko releases an official video for her single “The Pressure”, from her upcoming highly anticipated album Souled Out.
Souled Out is out everywhere September 9th, 2014.
Sultry singer, Jhene Aiko, releases another single, “The Pressure”, in anticipation of her upcoming Souled Out which drops sometime in September. Head over to her SoundCloud to stream “The Pressure” now.
Jhene Aiko unleashes her rap alter ego, J Henny, on her single “Stay Ready”. Aiko replaced Kendrick Lamar’s original rap verse with some bars of her own. Her full-length debutSouled Out, due later this summer.
From Global Grind:
GlobalGrind caught up with Cali singer/songwriter Ty Dolla $ign at Austin’s SXSW Film & Music Festival. The “Beach House” singer shared details about his new “L.A.” collaboration with Kendrick Lamar and possibly asking Jhene Aiko to sing on the hook. He also dished about his “Familiar (Remix)” featuring 2 Chainz, and his forthcoming album “Free TC.”


text:
BERLIN, Feb. 23 (Xinhua) -- Germany international Sven Bender will be out of action owing to a groin injury, the "BVB" said on its website on Sunday.
Borussia Dortmund's injury crisis continues as Sven Bender joins his teammates Neven Subotic, Ilkay Guendogan and Jakub Blaszczykowski on the injury list.
Thus, Juergen Klopp's team did not only lose 3-0 to struggling Hamburg but they also lost Sven Bender to an injury. The Germany international suffered an inflammation of the pubic joint, an examination by team doctor Markus Braun revealed Sunday.
Therefore Bender will be ruled out for around ten weeks, according to doctor Braun.
The 24-year-old defensive midfielder has to avoid any sporting activity for six weeks besides that he will need a four-week recuperation period.
The "Black and Yellows" will encounter FC Zenit Saint Petersburg soon in UEFA Champions League last 16.

domain: sports


Responsibility for assessing and approving certain types of planning applications in Victoria should be taken from local councils and handed to independent planning panels, a leading building industry lobby group says.
At the end of September, South Australian Labor Premier Jay Weatherill announced that the bidding process by the private sector to develop the former Royal Adelaide Hospital site was to be scrapped and that the state government was going...
Ideas about a housing shortage in Australia are a fallacy, a study has found.
Queensland must build at least 53,000 new social and affordable homes over the next decade to meet the needs of vulnerable and low-income households, the state’s property developers and social service organisations say.
The new NSW Premier is hell bent on adding housing on top of new super rail stations.
Queensland is set to implement a new building plan that will bring massive changes to many elements of the construction industry.
Stendhal, the famed 19th Century French Realist, once observed that “only great minds can afford a simple style.”
House price growth in Australia is finally slowing down, the latest data suggests.


text:
As things go, I spent some time with a DNR agent today:
Yeah! Funny enough, after I dropped the ball a bit in correspondence, we ended up meeting by chance at a bar last night, which led to plans for this morning. So, my friend Jack and I drove southwest, through Gary, through New Duluth, across the Highway 23 bridge, and met Randy at a trailhead right near the Minnesota/Wisconsin border. He was taking us on a short walk to the St. Louis River and the Fond Du Lac Dam.
It was an ideal morning for a walk — clear skies and perfectly cold. We walked through an older forest with plenty of white and red pines, chatting about all sorts of things, especially Randy’s job. He’s very committed and thoughtful about the important work he does, and I asked him a few basic questions on microphone:
Then we made it to the dam. Damn:
Aside from the power it collects, the dam acts as an important barrier for the spread of VHS, an invasive fish virus. I’m no expert, but there’s plenty more to learn about the dam in this thorough post done by John Weeks.
I’m not sure if the Fond Du Lac Dam is a particularly well-known spot in the area, but I could have stayed all day. In Summer, it would be a wonderful spot to read. Randy also mentioned that the protected waters around the dam will be attracting a lot of fish soon — the St. Louis will practically be stuffed, gill to gill.
That’s about it — Randy generously wanted to share a little of what he does with the DNR and I wanted to pass along his generosity to you. A wonderful last Sunday morning of the project. (Follow the link for some more photos of the short trip.)


text:
PR. J. BERNARD / CNRI / SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY PR. J. BERNARD / CNRI / SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY
Myeloblast blood cell. Light micrograph of blood cells, including a myeloblast, a precursor for a type of white blood cell (leucocyte). Myeloblasts differentiate into granulocytes. This process is called granulopoiesis and occurs mainly in the bone marrow. Granulocytes, like all white blood cells, are part of the body's immune system. They are involved in the body's immune response, and contain granules with enzymes used to destroy pathogens. The surrounding cells are mostly red blood cells.
Model release not required. Property release not required.

domain: biology


Variation in ecosystem function in appalachian streams along an acidity gradient
Simon, K. S.
Simon, M. A.
Benfield, E. F.
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Acidification is a widespread phenomenon that damages aquatic systems, and it has been the focus of intensive management efforts. While most management has focused on community structure as an endpoint, ecosystem function is also sensitive to Acidification and important in stream health. We examined how a key ecosystem function in streams, leaf breakdown, varied along a gradient of pH resulting from acid deposition, natural conditions, and liming. We also measured how invertebrate and microbial assemblage structure and microbial function were related to altered leaf breakdown rates. Leaf breakdown rates declined more than threefold along a gradient of stream acidity from pH 6.8 to 4.9. The diversity of leaf-shredding invertebrates, bacteria, and fungi showed little response to variation in pH. The abundance of one acid-sensitive caddisfly, Lepidostoma, declined with Acidification, and Lepidostoma abundance explained 37% of the variation in leaf breakdown rates among sites. Microbial respiration was suppressed along the acidity gradient, although the pattern was weaker than that for breakdown rate. In short-term laboratory incubations, microbes at acidic and circumneutral sites demonstrated adaptation to ambient pH. The activity of microbial extracellular enzymes was strongly influenced by pH. In particular, the pattern of activity of phosphatase indicated increasing P limitation of microbes with increasing Acidification. Our results show that leaf breakdown is a sensitive tool for examining the response of stream function to Acidification and also for de. ning the mechanisms that drive functional response. Future management efforts should focus on key taxa that are particularly sensitive and effective at shredding leaves and also the role of shifting acidity in mediating the availability of phosphorus to microbial films that are important for stream function.


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Waking the Dictator is a study of federalism in late-nineteenth-century Veracruz State. It is also a politico-military analysis and an evaluation of social-revolutionary relations in the epoch of the Porfiriato and the Mexican Revolution. Koth interprets the Mexican Revolution across two axes: one is the heightened struggle for federalism, i.e., the conflict between the state of Veracruz and the central government; and the other is the class struggle that was brought into sharp relief by the violent social and military upheaval. Koth illustrates why and how, in 1927, President Plutarco El'as Calles crushed federalism, suppressed the aspirations of working classes, and co-opted a re-emergent Veracruz bourgeoisie. In Koth's view, the initial promises of the Mexican Revolution were never fulfilled. The old rancor born of elite control and the loss of federalism still brews not far beneath the surface of contemporary Mexican politics. This study is the first modern, comprehensive, and analytical history of the Porfiriato and Mexican Revolution in Veracruz.
A researcher of Mexican history for over twenty years, Karl B. Koth has published extensively in the field. His travels and scholarly research have taken him throughout the Caribbean, Latin America, and North America. He has taught history in Jamaica, Mexico, and Canada. He teaches in the history department at the University of Manitoba.
University of Calgary
2500 University Dr. NW
Calgary, Alberta, Canada
Copyright © 2017

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Author contributions: Y.H.K. and E.J.B.: conception and design; Y.H.K. and J.-I.C.: provision of study material and collection of data; Y.H.K., H.G.W., Y.-S.J., S.H.L., C.-H.M, H.S.-K., and E.J.B.: data analysis and interpretation; Y.-S.J., S.H.L., C.-H.M, and E.J.B.: financial support; Y.H.K., H.G.W., and E.J.B.: manuscript writing; E.J.B.: final approval.
Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest is found at the end of this article.
First published online in STEM CELLS EXPRESS August 31, 2010.
Neuronal precursor cells (NPCs) are temporally regulated and have the ability to proliferate and differentiate into mature neurons, oligodendrocytes, and astrocytes in the presence of growth factors (GFs). In the present study, the role of the Jak pathway in brain development was investigated in NPCs derived from neurosphere cultures using Jak2 and Jak3 small interfering RNAs and specific inhibitors. Jak2 inhibition profoundly decreased NPC proliferation, preventing further differentiation into neurons and glial cells. However, Jak3 inhibition induced neuronal differentiation accompanied by neurite growth. This phenomenon was due to the Jak3 inhibition-mediated induction of neurogenin (Ngn)2 and NeuroD in NPCs. Jak3 inhibition induced NPCs to differentiate into scattered neurons and increased the expression of Tuj1, microtubule associated protein 2 (MAP2), Olig2, and neuroglial protein (NG)2, but decreased glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) expression, with predominant neurogenesis/polydendrogenesis compared with astrogliogenesis. Therefore, Jak2 may be important for NPC proliferation and maintenance, whereas knocking-down of Jak3 signaling is essential for NPC differentiation into neurons and oligodendrocytes but does not lead to astrocyte differentiation. These results suggest that NPC proliferation and differentiation are differentially regulated by the Jak pathway. STEM CELLS 2010;28:1816–1828
Neural stem cells (NSCs) and neuronal precursor cells (NPCs) can proliferate and differentiate into mature neurons. These cells are essential for brain development and the normal physiological functions of the brain. During the aging process and neurodegenerative conditions, such as Alzheimer's disease, neurogenesis is impaired [1, 2]. The survival, proliferation, and differentiation of NSCs/NPCs are important for neuronal regeneration and functional recovery because NSCs/NPCs can proliferate and differentiate into functional neural cells. Therefore, a better understanding of the fine regulatory mechanism of neuronal differentiation from progenitors is required.
Environmental factors are important for NPC survival and maintenance during development. Growth factor (GFs), such as epidermal growth factor (EGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF, also abbreviated FGF-2) are particularly critical for NSC/NPC maintenance and expansion . EGF and bFGF promote NSC/NPC proliferation, maintaining the undifferentiated state . These GFs are also necessary for further differentiation. The removal of EGF and FGF-2 from neurosphere cultures of a human NPC line for short periods of time increases neuronal differentiation and neurite extension ; however, mechanism is not yet well-characterized.
In the normal developmental process, NSCs initially proliferate, subsequently giving rise to neurons first and glial cells later. During the proliferation process, notch signaling is activated, which provokes the expression of repressor-type basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) genes Hairy and Enhancer of split homolog (Hes)1 and Hes5. Hes1 and Hes5 repress activator-type genes, including mammalian achaete-scute complex homolog (MASH)1, mammalian atonal homolog (MATH)1, and neurogenin (Ngn), which are known to promote neuronal fate determination . In differentiating neurons, notch is not activated, and the activator-type bHLH factors are expressed, inducing Hes6 expression. This, in turn, inhibits Hes1 function and reinforces the neurogenic process . However, it is not clear how NPC proliferation and differentiation are finely regulated.
The molecular switch regulating the transition from neurogenesis to gliogenesis in NPCs is internally programmed . The timing between neurogenesis and astrogliogenesis is controlled by several transcription factors. Ngn1, a bHLH transcription factor, drives neurogenesis by activating the expression of neuronal genes and inhibits astrocyte differentiation . Moreover, the gp130-Jak-STAT pathway, which is activated by the neurotrophic cytokine cardiotrophin-1, is an essential mechanism regulating the neurogenic-to-gliogenic transition for timed astrocyte formation . The members of the Jak/STAT family of proteins modulate gene expression during the different stages of brain maturation . Among these factors, Jak2 is known to play a critical role during astrogliogenesis involving the survival pathway of erythropoietin and ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) in the chick embryo [12–14]. However, the expression and role of Jak3 in brain development have not yet been studied. Jak3 is abundant in the hematopoietic system and plays an important role in hematopoiesis and inflammation , which implies a role during neurogenesis via inflammatory processes . In addition, a specific Jak3 inhibitor has been shown to aid survival in a transgenic lateral amyotrophic sclerosis mouse model . These results suggest that Jak3 plays a critical role in neuronal differentiation. Thus, we investigated the role of Jak3 in NPC proliferation and differentiation during neurogenesis and compared its involvement with that of Jak2.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
All pharmacological signaling pathway inhibitors AG490 and WHI-p154 were obtained from Calbiochem (San Diego, CA, http://www.emdbiosciences.com).
Cortical Primary Neurosphere Cultures
All animal experiments were performed following Ajou University institutional guidelines. For neurosphere cultures, brains were isolated from imprinting control region mouse (Korea Bio-link, South Korea, http://www.dhbiolink.net) E13 embryos. Briefly, cortices were freed of meninges prior to mechanical dissociation and gentle trituration several times in culture medium using a flame-polished Pasteur pipette. Cells were plated in a flask at a cell density of 2 × 105/ml. The NPCs were cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM)/F12 media (Gibco, Carlsbad, CA, USA, http://www.invitrogen.com) supplemented with 5 mM HEPES (Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA), 20 ng/ml bFGF (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA, http://www.invitrogen.com), 20 ng/ml EGF (Invitrogen), and N-2 supplements (insulin, transferrin, progesterone, putrescine, and selenite, 10 mM; Invitrogen). The media was replaced every 2 days. For secondary neurosphere formation assays, primary neurospheres were collected and dissociated. A fraction (400 μl) of the cell suspension (2 × 105 cells/well) was transferred to each well of a 24-well plate in culture medium containing FGF2 and EGF. Neurospheres were passaged every 6 days and dissociated with Accutase (Invitrogen). The subcultured neurospheres were used as neurospheres themselves or redissociated single cells for differentiation in plates coated overnight with 100 μg/ml poly-D-lysine (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, http://www.sigmaaldrich.com) and 4 μg/ml laminin (Sigma-Aldrich) in DMEM/F12 media (Gibco). Cells treated with Jak inhibitors were maintained at 37°C in 5% CO2 incubators.
Assessment of Neural Progenitor Cell Differentiation In Vitro
Under a light microscope, the migration of NPCs from the neurosphere was evaluated after 24 hours. The plated neurospheres had a diameter of approximately 100 μm, after growing for 5 days in GF media. The neurosphere diameter was calculated by Axio vision (Carl Zeiss, Peabody, MA, USA, http://www.zeiss.com). For neurite outgrowth assays, purified single NPCs were cultured for 2 days with Jak2 or Jak3 inhibitor. The length of neurites in MAP2-positive cells was also calculated by the Axio vision program. Differentiated cells were immunostained and counted in four to five randomly selected fields, with 200–500 cells counted in each field. All experiments were performed in triplicate.
NPCs were grown in coated 6-well plates and cultured until indicated, as described earlier. NPCs were lysed in lysis buffer (100 μl/well; 20 mM Tris HCl, 10 mM NaCl, 30 mM Na4O7P2 (pH 7.2), 30 mM NaF, 1 mM Na3VO4, 1% sodium deoxycholate, and 1% triton X-100) containing 1 mM EDTA, 10 μg/ml leupeptin, 0.5 mM phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride, 1 μg/ml pepstatin, and 10 μg/ml aprotinin. The cell lysates were further homogenized by brief sonication and centrifuged at 14,000g for 20 minutes at 4°C. The resulting supernatant was collected. To isolate proteins from the brain tissues, the brain cortices were isolated and stored at −70°C overnight, and then homogenized in 1 ml ice-cold buffer containing 50 mM Tris HCl (pH 7.4), 1 mM sodium orthovanadate, 150 mM NaCl, 1% triton X-100, 5 mM EDTA, 0.5% sodium deoxycholate, 0.1% SDS, 1 mM MgCl2, and protease inhibitors. Homogenates were centrifuged at 15,000g for 30 minutes at 4°C. The supernatants were collected, and the protein concentration determined using bicinchoninic acid reagent. Equal amounts of protein were subjected to 10% sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), and the separated proteins were electrophoretically transferred to polyvinylidenedifluoride (PVDF) membranes. The blot was blocked with 5% nonfat dried milk, incubated overnight with anti-Jak2 (Cell Signaling Technologies, Beverly, MA, http://www.cellsignal.com, 1:1,000), anti-pJak2 (Cell Signaling Technology, 1:1,000), anti-Jak3 (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, 1:1,000), anti-pJak3 (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, CA, http://www.scbt.com, 1:1,000), anti-nestin, anti-MAP2 (Chemicon, Billerica, MA, http://www.millipore.com, 1:1,000), anti-Tuj1 (Chemicon, 1:1,000), anti-glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP; Sigma-Aldrich, 1:500 dilution), or anti-neuroglial protein (NG)2 (Chemicon, 1:1,000). After washing with PBS containing Tween-20 (PBST), a 1:5,000 dilution of secondary horseradish peroxidase-conjugated antibody in PBST was applied for 1 hour. Chemiluminescent signals were quantified by scanning the PVDF membranes with the LAS-1000 system (Fuji) using Image Gauge software (version 3.12). To normalize the protein content in each line, blots were stripped and reprobed with anti-β-actin antibody (Sigma-Aldrich) in blocking solution.
NPCs were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) for 10 minutes and washed with PBS containing 0.1% triton X-100. Antibodies against nestin, Ki67 (BD Biosciences, San Jose, CA, http://www.bdbiosciences.com), Tuj1, MAP2, NeuN (Chemicon), NG2, and GFAP were diluted 1:500 in PBS. The cells were incubated with a primary antibody overnight at 4°C, washed with PBS containing 0.1% triton X-100, and incubated for 1.5 hours at room temperature with either a 1:1,000 dilution of goat anti-mouse IgG (Alexa Fluor 594; Invitrogen or Molecular probes, Eugene, OR, http://probes.invitrogen.com) or 1:1,000 dilution of goat anti-rabbit IgG (Alexa Fluor 488; Invitrogen or Molecular probes). Finally, the cells were washed with PBS, counterstained with 300 nM Hoechst for 5 minutes at room temperature and washed with PBS. Images were acquired with the Axio Vision photomicroscope and confocal microscopy (LSM, Carl Zeiss). For brain immunostaining, formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded sections of embryo brain were dissected with a microtome (RM2245, Leica). The fixed cells were incubated for 30 minutes with a solution containing 5% bovine serum albumin to block nonspecific antibody binding.
Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction
Total RNA was extracted from cultured NPCs and embryonic brain tissue at different developmental stages using Easy Blue (Intron, South Korea, www.intron.co.kr). First-strand cDNA was synthesized from 500 ng of total RNA in a 20 μl reaction with random (dT) primers. The same amount of first-strand cDNA from each sample was used in polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification to detect the spatial and temporal expression of RNAs using specific primers for Jak3, nestin, Tuj1, Otx2, Olig2, NCAM, GFAP, Hes1, Hes6, Ngn2, and NeuroD (see Supporting Information Table 1).
Assessment of Small Interfering RNA Tansfection
Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) targeting Jak2 and Jak3 (NCBI Reference Sequence: NM_010589) were obtained from Bioneer, South Korea, www.bioneer.co.kr: Jak3-s, 5′-GGUUAUACUCAUGGCACCU-3′, Jak3-as, 5′-AGGUGCCAUGAGUAUAACC-3′; Jak2-s, 5′-GUGGUAUUACGCCUGUGUA-3′, Jak2-as, 5′-UACACAGGCGUAAUACCAC-3′. Jak2 and Jak3 siRNA were combined to a final concentration of 3 or 10 nM. Neurosphere dissociation and transfection were performed according to the protocols described earlier . Cells (2 × 105 cells/well) were transfected with negative control (10 nM; Santa Cruz, sc-37007), Jak2 or Jak3 siRNA using a Microporator MP-100 (1,100 V, 40 ms with a single pulse; Digital Bio Technology) and seeded in a 24-well plate. Two days later, the cells were induced to differentiate on a 24-well plate coated with poly-D-lysine/laminin and fixed to analyze the expression patterns of specific proteins. After eletroporation of mock-fluorescein isothiocyanate (10 nM; Bioneer) into 50-μm neurospheres, fluorescence was detected at 4 hours with the Axio Vision photomicroscope.
The data were expressed as the mean ± SE from 3 to 5 independent experiments. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Dunnett's multiple comparison test was used for statistical comparisons (Sigma Stat, Jandel Scientific). A p value <.05 was considered significant.
Effect of Jak3 Inhibitor on Neurosphere NPCs
In the present study, two types of neurosphere NPC cultures were used: subcultured neurospheres and single redissociated NPCs. NPCs obtained from E13 embryo brain cortices by floating neurospheres robustly proliferated in GF-rich (EGF/bFGF) media. These growing neurospheres were subcultured for experiments with or without redissociation into single cells. The NPCs were then cultured on poly-D-lysine and laminin-coated tissue culture plates with GF-rich media. In the neurosphere cultures without redissociation, NPCs initially differentiated into neurons as observed by Tuj1 and Map2 staining. The differentiated cells migrated from the neurosphere core, but the redissociated NPCs proliferated with cluster formation and concomitantly underwent neuronal differentiation, generating neuronal sprouts. After this point, nestin-positive NPCs survived for more than 10 days when given a continuous supply of fresh GF. After 4 days, the NPCs differentiated into NG2-/O4-positive and GFAP-positive glial cells (Fig. 1A).
The Jak3 inhibitor WHI-p154 induced NPC differentiation and migration in a dose-dependent manner (Fig. 1B). The NPCs with processes moved further from the core of neurospheres. The NPC processes were nestin-positive and Tuj1-positive. NPC spheres were immunochemically stained with Tuj1 and pJak3 18 hours after seeding (Fig. 1C). The inhibition of Jak3 increased the number of Tuj1-positive neurite extensions and concomitantly decreased pJak3 expression. NPCs treated with a higher concentration of WHI-p154 showed more differentiation with more and longer extensions. The NPCs in the outer portion of the neurospheres that were downregulated by pJak3, differentiated earlier than NPCs in the core, relative to increased pJak3. Therefore, NPCs with more Jak3 inhibition underwent more differentiation.
Effect of Jak3 Inhibition on Redissociated NPCs
The effect of Jak3 inhibition was investigated by transfecting redissociated NPCs with Jak3 siRNA. The transfected NPCs were cultured on poly-D-lysine and laminin-coated plates. Jak3 knockdown induced earlier differentiation compared with the control NPCs (Fig. 2A). Treatment with pJak3 inhibitor WHI-p154 at various concentrations (0.1, 1, and 3 μM) also induced more differentiation. After 2 days, NPCs grew in clusters, which might be due to proliferation and differentiation under GF-rich conditions. When the NPCs were treated with a higher concentration of WHI-p154, pJak3 was expressed at a lower level with more concomitant differentiation (Fig. 2B). WHI-p154 significantly inhibited the expression of pJak3 protein as shown by the western blot analysis (Fig. 2C).
Next, we investigated the time-dependent regulation of differentiation by Jak3 inhibition. After 1, 4, and 6 days in GF media, NPCs were double-stained with MAP2/nestin and NG2/GFAP. The NPCs initially grew in a cluster. Nestin-positive cells appeared in the cluster first, followed by MAP2-positive cells. Astrocytes grew abundantly after 4 days with simultaneous increase in NG2-positive cells, which were known to develop into oligodendrocytes . Treatment with WHI-p154 significantly increased the proportion of MAP2-positive cells from day 1, and increased the proportion of NG2-positive cells later. However, the proportion of nestin-positive and GFAP-positive astrocytes decreased (Fig. 2D).
The first day after seeding, nestin-positive cells were observed in the cluster and Tuj1-positive cells with neurites began to appear. On day 3, the NPC cluster was composed of round nestin-positive cells, and MAP2-positive cells appeared at the outer boundary of the cluster, implying that the differentiated cells migrated further from the core. Jak3 inhibition changed the morphology of the nestin-positive cells into long spindle-shaped cells on day 1, which occurred later in the control group (Fig. 3). On day 4, nestin-positive cells had a spindle-shape with processes, which were present in the cluster. However, WHI-p154 induced NPC sprouting in a dose-dependent manner with a scattered appearance. On day 8, all nestin-positive cells in the control cultures showed a spindle shape. Jak3 inhibition increased the number of NG2-positive cells, as shown by mature oligodendrocytes with more processes. GFAP was highly expressed, but neurons looked feeble under EGF/bFGF-rich conditions. Jak3 inhibition differentiated NPCs into MAP2-positive neurons with bulging cytoplasm and longer neurites and significantly decreased the number of GFAP-positive cells in a dose-dependent manner (Fig. 3).
Jak2 and Jak3 Comparison
Jak2 is known to play a critical role in astrogliogenesis; therefore, we compared the effects of Jak2 and Jak3 inhibition during neurogenesis. We performed reverse transcription PCR studies on subcultured NPCs treated with AG490 or WHI-p154 for 18 hours. AG490 is a potent Jak2 inhibitor and significantly reduced nestin, Otx2, Tuj1, GFAP, Olig2, and NCAM expression in a dose-dependent manner. In contrast, Jak3 inhibition significantly increased Tuj1, Olig2, and NCAM mRNA levels and slightly decreased nestin and GFAP mRNA levels (Fig. 4A). Protein expression was analyzed by western blot after treatment with Jak2 or Jak3 inhibitor for 2 days. Both AG490 and WHI-p154 significantly reduced nestin and GFAP expression. However, WHI-p154 significantly increased the expression of Tuj1, MAP2, and NG2, which were not altered by AG490 over the same period of time (Fig. 4B). Over the course of the 2 days, some NPCs differentiated with neurite formation. WHI-p154 induced differentiation and the NPCs had longer MAP2-positive neurites (Fig. 4C). In the control group and AG490-treated group, the main population of cells had shorter neurites (less than 10 μm), whereas the longest neurites (>50 μm) were observed in the WHI-p154 treated group. Jak3 inhibition significantly increased the number of MAP2-positve cells and the neurites length.
In GF-rich media, NPCs grew in clusters due to proliferation. NPCs treated with AG490 generated smaller neurospheres and exhibited less differentiation than untreated controls. In contrast, WHI-p154 induced all NPCs to differentiate into cells with process. With Jak3 inhibition, nestin-positive cells had processes, the number of MAP2-positive neurons with longer neurites increased, and GFAP-positive cells concomitantly decreased, though GFAP expression at this time was very weak, even in the control group (Fig. 4D).
After 6 days, nestin-positive cells exhibited a spindle shape, and MAP2-positive cells and GFAP-positive astrocytes were well-differentiated. Jak2 inhibition significantly reduced the number of cells positive for nestin, MAP2, NG2, or GFAP in a dose-dependent manner. However, Jak3 inhibition increased the number of MAP2-positive and NG2-positive cells but decreased the number of nestin-positive and GFAP-positive cells. In particular, the NG2-positive cells treated with Jak3 inhibition showed the morphology of mature oligodendrocytes with abundant processes, and these cells were positive for O4, a mature oligodendrocyte marker (Fig. 4E).
To confirm our observations, we compared the roles of Jak2 and Jak3 in NPC neurospheres using siRNAs-mediated knockdown. NPCs transfected with a higher concentration of Jak3 siRNA expressed lower levels of Jak3 mRNA. Most NPCs were transfected, though some had less siRNA and green fluorescence (Fig. 5A). The Jak3 knockdown cells differentiated earlier than mock-transfected NPCs. Transfected NPC neurospheres were grown in GF-rich media and then submitted to GF withdrawal. The NPCs differentiated first into neurons and then into glial cells. Jak3 inhibition resulted in increased neuronal differentiation. NPCs with greater Jak3 inhibition showed more neuronal differentiation than astroglial differentiation. The length of MAP2-positive neurites was longer in the presence of Jak3 inhibition (Fig. 5B).
We also examined whether Jak2 and Jak3 regulate the proliferation properties of NPCs. NPCs transfected with Jak2-targeted siRNA reduced the number of Ki67-positive cells, whereas Jak3 inhibition resulted in NPC scattering and reduced their ability to proliferate less than Jak2 inhibition (Fig. 5C). The effects of Jak2 and Jak3-targeted siRNAs on the expression of nestin, Tuj1, NG2, and GFAP were the same as the effects seen with AG490 and WHI-p154 treatment. This finding suggests that Jak2 inhibition reduces the proliferation of NPCs and inhibits the further differentiation of NPCs, whereas Jak3 inhibition initiates neuronal differentiation, promotes oligodendrogliogenesis, and blocks sequential astrogliogenesis.
Interplay with Intrinsic Regulators of Neurogenesis
To observe the effect of Jak3 inhibition on the initiation of differentiation, we investigated the effects of Jak3 inhibition on intrinsic regulators of neurogenesis. Hes1 is an important repressor-type bHLH gene in neurogenesis that inhibits neurogenic bHLH factors such as MASH, MATH, and Ngn . Hes6, a Hes1 inhibitor, is induced during neurogenesis . Hes1 is also an important transcription factor for stemness in NSCs and astrocyte differentiation . Jak3 inhibition decreased Hes1 and increased Hes6 expression levels (Fig. 6A). We also examined the expression level of neurogenic markers Ngn2 and NeuroD after Jak3 and Jak2 inhibition. Jak3 inhibition induced the expression of these markers, whereas Jak2 inhibition decreased their expression (Fig. 6B). These data strongly suggest that Jak3, but not Jak2, plays a critical role in the inhibition of neuronal differentiation.
In Vivo Expression of Jak3 in the Brain During Development
To determine pJak3 expression during neurogenesis in the brain, the brains of E12 embryos were prepared and oriented on the coronal plane. We found pJak3 to be coexpressed with the neural progenitor marker nestin (Fig. 7A), which was expressed in an area near the lateral ventricle and the edge of the cortical plate and lateral ganglionic eminence. The expression of pJak3 occurred in similar area, as well as the cytosol, as observed by high magnification. Tuj1, an immature neuronal marker, was also expressed in the E12 brain, though little colocalization of nestin and pJak3 was observed.
To show the developmental expression patterns of Jak3 and pJak3, cortices were collected from the immature brains of E11, E12, E13, E15, postnatal day 6 (P6) and P21 mice, as well as the mature brain and spinal cord of a 3-month-old mouse. Jak3 was present in the brain and spinal cord, and it was also found in the spleen and thymus, where it is known to be abundant. Interestingly, Jak3 mRNA expression fluctuated throughout development. From E11 to E15 and P6, Jak3 mRNA expression increased, but it decreased until adulthood. The expression of Jak3 mRNA in the mature brain and spinal cord was much less than the expression found in the immature brain and spinal cord (Fig. 7B).
Phosphorylated Jak3 protein was also expressed in the brain at E11 and increased until P6, followed by a decrease after P6 and downregulated in the adult brain (Fig. 7C), similar to the mRNA observations. Most cortical cells in the E13 brain were NSCs or NPCs. The developmental expression of pJak3 in brain cortices coincided with cerebral cortex development. To expand the brain cortex, NPCs need to proliferate and differentiate into functional neurons and other cells, such as astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. During this period, Jak3 and Jak2 levels and phosphorylated forms were increased. Therefore, Jak3 and Jak2 were activated during neurogenesis/astrogliogenesis, because they are phosphorylated during activation. However, the expression of pJak3 decreased after P6, whereas pJak2 increased until the adulthood.
During cortical development in the mammalian brain, neural stem cells (NSCs) located within the periventricular generative zones give rise to migrating chains of neurons and radial glial cells, followed by oligodendrocytes and astrocytes . To organize precisely timed and progressive maturation, the intrinsic program of NSCs and appropriate extrinsic environmental cues are essential [22, 23], but the molecular and cellular regulatory mechanisms have not yet been defined.
During early neurogenesis, NPC proliferation and subsequent differentiation and migration are essential processes for cerebral cortex development. These processes require a continuous and adequate supply of nutrients and GFs. Specifically, nestin-positive NSC/NPCs must maintain their proliferative capacity to expand the volume of the telencephalon [24–26]. NSC self-renewal is only maintained in the presence of an appropriate supply of GFs, such as EGF and FGF, which maintains an undifferentiated state with proliferative capacity and the ability to differentiate into neurons and all types of glial cells. EGF and FGF are known to be critical factors for NSC survival and proliferation. Targeted deletion of these EGF and FGF receptors causes forebrain cortical dysgenesis and embryonic lethality [3, 27]. In the present study, NSC/NPCs survived only in the presence of a continuous supply of EGF/bFGF.
Nestin-positive NPCs can proliferate, as demonstrated by Ki67 staining. Compared with Jak3 inhibition, Jak2 inhibition was more effective at reducing GF-induced proliferation. One possible explanation is that Jak2 signaling may be more important for GF-mediated proliferation. In ST14A cells, Jak2, but not Jak1 or Tyk2, is susceptible to activation through the stimulation of an exogenously expressed cytokine receptor, ultimately leading to cell proliferation . Jak2-knockout mice are not viable, whereas Jak3 knockout mice are viable but severely immunocompromised. Therefore, in the present study, Jak2 may be more important for NSC survival and proliferation, and Jak3 inhibition induced precocious neuronal differentiation of the NPCs.
NPCs have the potential for self-renewal and to differentiate into neurons and these cells are finally internally programmed to be astrocytes. During this process, intrinsic cues and environmental factors play important roles. Among extrinsic factors, cell-cell interactions mediated by Notch signaling, bFGF, and CNTF are well known . CNTF in particular regulates the neuronal and glial differentiation of retinal stem cells by concentration-dependent recruitment of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and Jak/STAT pathway . Jak2/STAT signaling is known to be critical for astrogliogenesis during the neurogenesis-to-astrogliogenesis transition. However, in our study, the proliferation and differentiation of NPCs were differentially regulated by Jak2 and Jak3. During the determination of lineage into neurons/polydendrocytes versus GFAP-positive astrocytes, Jak3 signaling is decisive.
After the early stages of NSC expansion and self-renewal, NSCs differentiate and mature into neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes in a lineage-restricted manner. Proneural bHLH proteins, such as Ngn2 and NeuroD, are key regulators of neurogenesis. Jak3 inhibition reduced the expression of Hes1, a mammalian bHLH transcriptional repressor that inhibits neuronal differentiation . In contrast to Hes1, Hes6 promotes neuronal differentiation by antagonizing Hes1 function . In the present study, Jak signaling was associated with the regulation of Hes1 and Hes6, which directly determined the fate of NSCs. Therefore, Jak3 inhibition promotes the exit from self-renewal in NSC/NPCs and finally induces precocious differentiation into neurons by directly regulating Hes1 and Hes6.
In the present study, Jak3 inhibition first accelerated neurogenesis and later blocked astrogliogenesis. This effect can also be explained by the effect of Jak3 inhibition on the Hes genes. The inactivation of Hes1 leads to the upregulation of proneural genes, acceleration of neurogenesis, and premature depletion of NSC . Conversely, the overexpression of Hes1 leads to the inhibition of neurogenesis and the maintenance of NSCs [31, 32]. At later stages of development, Hes1 promotes gliogenesis . During neurogenesis, the “neurons first-glia second” principle seems to be valid; however, the mechanism regulating this process is not fully understood. Inducers of neuronal differentiation, such as retinoic acid, block premature astroglial differentiation if present at defined stages .
Neurogenic transcription factors, including MASH, MATH, and Ngn, inhibit astrogliogenesis by inhibiting the differentiation of primed glial progenitors . Hes1 inhibits neuronal differentiation and promotes astrogliogenesis . In the present study, Jak3 inhibition directly regulated Hes1 and Hes6 expression levels and induced neurogenic factors such as Ngn and NeuroD. Therefore, Jak signaling is critical for the maintenance of NSCs and determining the neuronal cell lineage fate.
The effect of Jak3 inhibition on neurite outgrowth was very prominent. FGF and adhesion molecules are essential environmental factors for the protrusion of neurites . Adhesion molecules, such as L1, cadherins, and NCAM, are known to be associated with neurite growth . These adhesion molecules are linked with the FGF receptor, which regulates the intracellular signaling associated with the rearrangement of cytoskeletal proteins [36, 37]. Jak3 inhibition remarkably induced neurite outgrowth in cells grown in any media condition, with or without FGF, this was also true when cells were grown on plates with or without a poly-D-lysine or laminin coating. This observation is in contrast to Jak2 inhibition, which had little effect on neurite protrusion. Jak3 inhibition significantly increased the expression of adhesion molecules, such as NCAM, with prominent neurite growth, and it induced adhesion molecules to bind the FGF receptor. Receptor activation may be associated with survival and later with neurite growth. In other stem cell studies, cell surface molecules, which include cell adhesion molecules, integrins, selectins, and immunoglobulins, have been shown to regulate cell commitment within different tissue microenvironments [34, 38].
NG2-positive cells, also known as polydendrocytes, have been equated with oligodendrocyte precursor cells . NG2-positive cells differentiate into oligodendrocytes during development and their persistence is thought to mark the multipotent cells that can give rise to neurons and astrocytes but are not colocalized with GFAP-positive cells. Astrocytes, which originate from polydendrocytes, are protoplasmic astrocytes in gray matter and are not fibrous astrocytes in white matter . Direct evidence exists that endogenous NG2 polydendrocytes give rise to oligodendrocytes in vivo [40, 41], but it is debatable as to whether polydendrocytes generate neurons. In the adult central nervous system, the core protein of NG2 directly binds to platelet-derived growth factor as well as bFGF [42, 43]. NG2-positive cells undergo proliferation and morphological changes in response to demyelination or inflammation . Both EGF and bFGF promote the proliferation of NSCs. bFGF has the potential to induce differentiation of the NSCs into oligodendroglial lineage, but the number of differentiating neurons is decreased . In the present study, neurons were feeble in the presence of EGF and bFGF, but neurons induced by Jak3 inhibition were well differentiated. Though the inhibition of Jak3 induced differentiation into neurons and NG2-positive cells, it blocked differentiation into astrocytes. The NG2-positive cells induced by Jak3 inhibition did not overlap with Tuj1 or MAP2-positive cells and GFAP astrocytes, which exhibited morphology distinct from the other cells. The effect of Jak3 inhibition suggests the presence of polydendrocytes, which give rise to neurons and oligodendrocytes but not GFAP-positive astrocytes. However, in the present study, whether the NG2-positive cells are the multipotent cells that give rise to neurons and oligodendrocytes is uncertain. Certainly, the NG2-positive cells looked like oligodendrocyte precursor cells, and Jak3 inhibition significantly increased the number of NG2 positive cells, which had the morphology of mature oligodendrocytes with abundant processes. In the present study, Jak3 inhibition increased the portion of Tuj1-positive and NG2-positive cells, which are strongly implicated as potential repair targets. Jak3 inhibition triggered the process of polydendrocytes development instead of being blocked into fibrous astrocytes, which might explain the beneficial effects of Jak3 inhibitors in the amyotrophic sclerosis model .
Jak2 is responsible for the proliferation and further differentiation of NPCs. In contrast, the off-on Jak3 signaling finely regulates the initiation of neuronal differentiation and astrogliogenesis. NPCs can survive, proliferate, and differentiate over time in an appropriate local environment via Jak2 and Jak3 signaling.
This study was supported by the Korea Science and Engineering Foundation through the Chronic Inflammatory Disease Research Center (R13-2003-019).
DISCLOSURE OF POTENTIAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST
The authors indicate no potential conflicts of interest.


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Vice Mayor Syd Stein said Monday he has started legal efforts to stop the recall drive against him.
"It's already under way," Stein said. He said his legal action began when City Clerk Marilyn Bertholf turned the petitions over to Broward County Supervisor of Elections Jane Carroll (Monday).
Stein declined to discuss the legal steps he is taking to fight the recall drive.
Those petitions were turned in Friday afternoon by a committee calling for Stein's ouster, charging him with malfeasance and misfeasance in office.
The committee had to collect signatures from at least 10 percent of the city's registered voters, or 2,345 signatures.
Stein has said the committee has not outlined the charges against him. He said the recall petitions only acccuse him of malfeasance, but cite no examples. He said he will ask the Broward County Circuit Court to dismiss the recall effort.
Ed Solomon, chairman of the recall drive, said he will outline the charges against Stein this week. "They're very strong," he said. "I would not have gotten involved unless I was sure."
The committee's attorney, Louis Schiff, said Monday he had not heard if Stein has challenged the petitions, but said he would be surprised if Stein does it right away.
"What if he goes to court and Jane Carroll says there aren't enough signatures?" Schiff asked.
Carroll will have 30 days to verify the signatures.
If the signatures are verified, Stein will be given a copy of the petition and will have five days to respond to the accusations in 200 words or less.
Then the accusations and Stein's rebuttal would be placed on another petititon that would have to be signed by 15 percent of the city's registered voters.
If that is done, there would be a recall election, assuming that the court has not upheld Stein's claim that there are no grounds for a recall.
Stein has labled the recall "ridiculous" and said the committee is fronting for Mayor Philip Kravitz. Kravitz and the committee members have denied that charge.

domain: politics


DJI has recently released firmware version 4.02 for NAZA-M V2 flight control boards.
This release contains a long awaited fix for the well known “limits bug” that resulted in loss of control of the aircraft if it flow beyond limits, as reported in several threads on RC forums, like this one.
In order to upgrade the firmware on your NAZA MC you should first download and install the version 2.20 of the naza assistant software from the NAZA-M V2 DJI downloads page.
On connecting your NAZA multirotor to the new assistant, upgrade to v4.02 of the firmware will be proposed by the software.
Good news for all pilots that were relying on limits for flying their NAZA V2 controlled flying machines.


#adLG Electronics#ad - Display type is LED dot. Only the multi system color tv can receive all signals output from the player. Hdmi output: yes. Blu-ray disc playback. If you have a pal color system tv, you will see just distorted images when using discs or video contents recorded in NTSC.
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External hdd playback through usB so you can enjoy Music, photos and camcorder video content archived on an external HDD. Compatible with a wide variety of formats, including high-resolution Audio files from a wireless home network.
Panasonic#ad - ". 4k jpeg and 4k video playback: this panasonic blu-ray player can output JPEGs and 4K MP4 videos via USB or LAN media server, giving you the chance to enjoy all your favourite photographs and video footage on an Ultra HD TV screen. High-resolution audio playback: this player supports mp3, aAC and WMA audio files, AIFF, dsd and ALAC, as well as high-resolution formats such as FLAC, offering the best possible audio playback experience.
Ultra hd experience: the 4k blu-ray player’s unique, high-quality technology delivers more natural textures in stunning 4K resolution, letting you the vibrant colours and high contrast images of ultra HD Blu-ray discs.
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Multi hdr support: this ultra hd blu-ray player supports multiple HDR High Dynamic Range formats, HLG, such as Dolby Vision, HDR10 and HDR10+, to ensure the ultimate in picture quality. Dolby vision: whether you're gaming, watching your favourite movie or show, or listening to that new track on repeat, Dolby Vision transforms your TV experience with ultravivid picture that brings entertainment to life.
Panasonic#ad - Simply connect to your home audio system to enjoy music sources equivalent to studio Master sound quality. You can reproduce 4k videos in mp4 and you can output JPEG data in 4K resolution to relive the beautiful moments again.
In addition to the conventional wav/flaC/MP3/AAC/WMA/AIFF formats, DSD 5. 6 mhz/2. 8 mhz/11. 2mhz and alac music files can be reproduced. All models support Hybrid Log-Gamma as well.
This model is designed for high-resolution audio reproduction. With the ub150 you can enjoy the vibrant colours and high contrast images of ultra HD Blu-ray discs. Thanks to our unique, high-quality technology delivers more natural textures in stunning 4K resolution.
Enjoy the memories of magnificent vacation trips or precious images of family and friends taken with a camera or camcorder on your Ultra HD TV screen. The ub150 ultra hd blu-ray player support multiple hdr formats, such as hdr10 – The standard format for films and UHD Blu-ray discs, as well as HDR10+ playback with dynamic metadata.
Panasonic#ad - Power source type alternating current. 4k vod and more: versatile selection of Internet apps as well as 4K streaming services such as Netflix etc. Easy to use and convenient control. High res audio playback and two HDMI outputs for isolated sound output as well as 7.
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Take a deep breath in the great outdoors, gaze at the horizon, hiking boots or on panniers packed – ready to go. Our landscapes of mountains, valleys, seas, open spaces and many outdoor activities will make every heart beat faster. Particularly if you discover them on foot or by bike. Germany offers signposted and rated routes to suit all abilities, certified accommodation in all price ranges, and sustainable and accessible experiences. We've got everything covered.
Discover your #WanderlustGermany.
The latest information on how coronavirus is affecting travel to Germany.
Cycle along the Baltic Sea Cycle Route to explore Baltic seaside resorts and Hanseatic cities alongside unspoilt and untamed nature. The region's treasures have been protected as Nationale Naturlandschaften (National Natural Landscapes) for 30 years. Three of these landscapes are national parks. They are refuges that provide an oasis for rare plants and animals, and give visitors the opportunity to relax on hiking and cycling tours. Two of the natural wonders of the Baltic Sea Cycle Route include Darßer Weststrand beach and the chalk coastline of the island of Rügen.


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Tax reform implemented
A new taxation system has been in place in Slovakia since 1 January 2004. Employees' incomes and employers´ profits are now taxed at a flat rate of 19%. The aim is to simplify the tax system and render it more transparent. Profit-making employers and higher-income individuals will pay lower taxes, but low-income earners will not lose out.
The government pushed through a tax reform proposal at the end of 2003. Act 595 of 2003 on Income Tax came into force on 1 January 2004, the most radical change ever in the Slovak taxation system. Employers, the self-employed and employees will pay a flat 19% tax on profits or income. The new taxation system is particularly favourable for the self-employed, freelancers, traders, and so on, who were previously subject to progressive taxation of up to 38%. For companies the new flat rate replaces the previous corporate tax rate of 25%. According to the new legislation, not-for-profit legal entities - such as non-governmental organisations (NGOs) - will pay no tax unless their annual revenues exceed SKK 300,000 (approximately EUR 7,300).
The new taxation system will affect net incomes in a number of different ways. Taxpayers will not pay any profit/income tax on annual pre-tax profits or incomes up to SKK 80,832. On top of this allowance, married taxpayers with a zero-earning spouse can reduce their tax-base by a further SKK 80,832. These allowances equal 19.2 times the 'subsistence minimum' as of 1 January 2004. Taxpayers with children can claim an allowance of SKK 4,800 for each dependent child. Single taxpayers without children and making profits (if self-employed) or earning gross income close to the annual average wage (about SKK 160,000 in 2003), however, will pay slightly higher tax than previously. On the other hand, companies/persons with taxable annual profits/income of, for example, SKK 500,000 will save up to SKK 100,000 a year thanks to the 19% flat rate tax, representing about seven months' average pay.
According to Ivan Mikloš, the Minister of Finance, the new taxation system will attract more foreign investors and entrepreneurs to Slovakia - the recent decision of the Korean car manufacturer Hyundai-Kia to site a greenfield investment in Slovakia may be an example of this effect. It will also, he said, help create new jobs and in due course improve incomes and living standards. At the same time, the flat-rate tax is expected to motivate domestic entrepreneurs who will be able to develop their businesses as a result of increased net profits. However, it remains to be seen to what extent employers will reinvest increased net profits or withdraw them for personal consumption. The government believes that the measures adopted will promote economic growth and the creation of new jobs, helping to reduce high unemployment.
Value added tax (VAT) has also been changed. VAT will also be levied at a flat rate of 19%, replacing the previous two-tier system of a standard 20% rate and a reduced rate of 14% on selected items, such as food, books, service in restaurants and construction. Implementation of the unified 19% VAT rate led to price increases on a number of consumer goods and services in January and February 2004. Deregulation of energy charges also caused a price increase. Annual inflation, which is expected to be close to 8%-9%, could neutralise any rise in real wages in 2004.


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Wabasso Beach Park is located in Vero Beach. To visit Wabasso Beach Park and get the most from your holiday in Vero Beach, create itinerary details personal to you using our Vero Beach trip builder site.
Wabasso Beach Park reviews
We stopped by to spend some time at the ocean. The tide was so high that we couldn't get down the stairs without getting soaked from knees down! Also, there were signs warning of rip tides. We made... more »
Beautiful and quiet place to visit the beach. Fair amount of sand, semi-private (*this could change when the season changes but hasn't ever been very crowded when I have gone, which is always when... more »
One of my most favorite beaches in Florida. Its a tiny little honey comb hide out. Small parking lot.. usually not crowded when I have visited. Locals mostly. Convenient bathrooms and rinse off area. Tides are posted. I travel from Alaska to visit because I moved away in the 90s so I visit here during Florida's winter months. Please keep this in mind when reading this review. We love going to this beach. Definitely great for families. Be careful of the undertow. Remember you are on Atlantic side and that water current can be strong under neath.
It is a very nice beach, clean.
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8 days in Vero Beach BY A USER FROM UNITED STATES Riverside Park McKee Botanical Garden Shark Bait Beach Gear Rentals 7 days in Sebastian BY A USER FROM UNITED STATES LaPorte Farms Sebastian Area Historical Museum McLarty Treasure Museum 5 days in Palm Beach Gardens BY A USER FROM UNITED STATES Palm Beach Gardens 4 days in Vero Beach BY A USER FROM UNITED STATES Indian River Citrus Museum Shark Bait Beach Gear Rentals McKee Botanical Garden 13 days in Melbourne BY A USER FROM UNITED STATES Florida Tech Botanical Garden Ruth Funk Center for Textile Arts Indian River Antique Mall 60 days in Cocoa Beach BY A USER FROM UNITED STATES Hangar's Beach Cocoa Beach Country Club Golden Sands Park


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For the second time since releasing its list of off-patent, off-exclusivity drugs without an approved generic competitor last year, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on Tuesday updated the list to include new products.
The document includes two lists, one containing drugs that FDA could immediately accept an abbreviated new drug application (ANDA) for without prior discussion, and another that lists drugs with potential legal, regulatory or scientific issues that would need to be address prior to ANDA submission.
In December FDA updated the list for the first time, adding new drugs and reorganizing the list based on drug product rather than by active ingredients. The agency also added information about the dosage form for each product.
With the latest update, FDA says it has added new products to the list as well as an appendix listing drugs that have fallen off the list as new ANDAs for those products have been approved.
The appendix currently lists 11 drugs that previously did not have an approved generic despite the expiry of the reference product's patents and exclusivity, including an injectable dosage form of the muscle relaxant baclofen and the antidepressant fluoxetine hydrochloride in tablet form.
FDA says it will continue to update the list every six months "to ensure continued transparency regarding drug products where increased competition has the potential to provide significant benefit to patients."
While the agency has billed the list as a way of encouraging the development of generics for drugs that are no longer protected from competition, Rachel Schwartz, director of communications for the Association for Accessible Medicines told Focus
that many of the products on the list "are likely not candidates for generic engagement because of the specialty nature of the products."
According to Schwartz, the main barrier to developing generics for those products is manufacturing related, as more complex products "require specialty manufacturing processes and facilities" that many generic drug manufacturers do not currently possess.

domain: health


You’ve launched a website, but now you need to know how people are using it. You need to answer important questions like, how many people are visiting the site each day? What topics are they looking for once they arrive? How are they getting there and how much time are they spending? Google Analytics can answer all of these questions and many more with the installation of a simple code.
Google Analytics is a seemingly endless source of data and insight. But you can’t get the benefits until you have it set up properly, and if you’re new to digital marketing that first step can seem daunting.
So we’re here to demystify the process for beginners.
In this article, we’ll walk through creating a Google Analytics account, adding the code to your site, testing the installation, sharing access with appropriate stakeholders and setting up goal tracking.
Do you ever find yourself confused by some of the default names for metrics and dimensions in Google Analytics?
Do you ever wish you could take a closer look at the specifics of how users behave on your site based on how they got there?
No worries, you’re in good company on both counts.
Google Analytics contains an array of hidden secrets that allow you to slice and dice data in unique ways to meet your needs. In this article, we’ll touch on the names of metrics and dimensions and show you a method to customize channels in a way that is tailored to different types of traffic and marketing efforts.
Before diving in further, let’s start by defining some key Google Analytics terms.
Source indicates the origin of a visit, such as a domain (newyorker.com) or search engine (Google).
Medium indicates the broad type of traffic, such as organic (from non-paid search), cpc (from paid search), or email.
Channel indicates the higher level category of traffic defined by the combination of source and medium.
In this article, we’ll delve further into customizing channel groupings to more accurately evaluate your data.
You know that accurate tracking is key to proving your worth as a digital marketing professional. You’ve set up Google Analytics to track visitors from their first point of contact with the site to the time they leave. Yet when was the last time you double-checked your analytics configuration to ensure you were actually looking at the most accurate data possible?
While Google Analytics presents itself as a relatively “plug and play” interface, errors can make their way into tracking if you’re not paying careful attention. You may miss data for select pages on your site, or spam referrals may creep in.
In addition, you may not be using Google Analytics to its fullest potential. For instance, can you properly segment traffic from ad platforms? Are you able to determine what pages drive the most leads? You should make sure that you’re fully taking advantage of custom features in order to maximize the proof you have for your work.
In this article, we’ll walk through a checklist of key areas in Google Analytics, ensuring that you are both looking at accurate data and using the platform to track every action relevant to a website’s success. Start by making sure you’re tracking the people who land on your site in the first place.
You know you could be getting more insight from Google Analytics, but adding code to your website to track conversions and other statistics seems like a daunting task. Thanks to Google Tag Manager, it doesn’t have to be! Google Tag Manager exists to make analytics implementation easier, allowing you to add or update your website tags without having to involve your very-busy IT or development department. An easy process means a greater ability to track new campaigns and to collect the data you need.
This post introduces Google Tag Manager and explains how it can be used to ease the burden of managing tracking code, and to get more insight from Google Analytics.
Google Analytics is filled with meaningful ways to look at data. Sure, it can be a little complex at first, but the more time you spend there the more you’ll come to appreciate all the little things you can analyze and evaluate. The dashboards and interface are pretty user friendly too. What more could we ask?
Not to be greedy but how about getting that data out of the platform to tinker with it even more?
Let’s be honest. Sometimes, reviewing data in the online Google Analytics interface isn’t enough. You want to look at data in Excel, sort through fields, compare it and delete data that’s not relevant. Thankfully, Google Analytics thought of that, too. The exports function offers a way to download data for deeper analysis.
In this article, we’ll touch on how to export data, as well as some tips on using and customizing it for better reporting.


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Clean Campaigns Act Unanimously Approved by Seattle City Council!
BIG win in Seattle! Two of the three bills that are part of the Clean Campaigns Act passed unanimously.
If you’re still wondering how the Great Recession of 2007-2010 affects today’s global economy and democratic governments, this book provides much needed clarity using the greek myth of the Minotaur, a Cretan beast. Yanis Varoufakis, the former finance Minister of Greece, uses the mythological creature to explain how the unsustainable financialization of the world’s assets was a result of governments' failure to keep the world’s trade imbalances in check. Varoufakis believes we can avoid a depressing economic future by replacing the U.S. surplus eating economy with Global Surplus Recycling Mechanism (GSRM). Read the book to learn what GSRM is and why it matters.


The low ankle cuff Ghost Coolmax socks from Sidi are perfect for cyclists. Flat seams at the toe eliminate shaving while the elastic mid-foot area fits snug to the feet for slightly muscle support. Breathable and cooling, they provide an optimal foot climate and high wearing comfort.
Material 80% polyamide, 20% elastane
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Rockets take key MAC West game over Cardinals, 72-66.
Former University of Kentucky running back has joined the Rockets.
New women’s volleyball coach hopes to build family atmosphere at UT.
Rockets host Ball State; Falcons host Kent State on Wednesday.
Rockets stay hot from 3-point line in win over Bobcats.
Boyd averaged 17 points and 16 rebounds in 2 games last week.
Buffalo is lone unbeaten team through 4 MAC games.
If MAC Tournament began today, here’s how we’d pick ‘em.
Fletcher averaged 21.5 points, 7.0 rebounds, and 6.0 assists in 2 wins last week.
Toledo, BGSU basketball teams, Michigan basketball, and BG hockey all in action Saturday.


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When your pet is just not right. You’re worried. Your pet just doesn’t seem like himself today. What should you do? Call us. Our caring staff will help you decide if your pet’s symptoms warrant a visit with one of our doctors. Many times, sooner is better than later where early intervention can lead to a faster recovery.
Some symptoms that are cause for concern:
- Lack of interest in food
- Excessive water consumption
- Increased urination
- Difficulty urinating
So remember, if you’re concerned, we’re just a phone call away.

domain: pet


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Derek & Hansel have pounced onto the runway like it’s their own personal savannah. At the Valentino show LIVE. #Zoolander2, coming February 12th, 2016.
The Paramount theater, front and center #AroundTheLot #PhotoOfTheDay
Kirk Douglas and Burt Lancaster in the 1957 western classic, "Gunfight at the O.K.
Celebrate the 20th anniversary of Clueless with the vinyl soundtrack reissue!
Ready for another dip? Get tickets to see #HotTubTimeMachine2 in theaters now.
Prepare for an out-of-their-world adventure.
Make every second count.

domain: entertainment


text:
Technology created an energy revolution over the past decade — just not the one we expected.
The judge who will allocate responsibility for the 2010 Gulf of Mexico oil spill has told lawyers to give him their views about whether a series of negligent acts can add up to gross negligence.
BP's first witness at a trial over the deadly Deepwater Horizon disaster says the company safely drilled its Macondo well in the Gulf of Mexico.
A federal three-judge panel has agreed to review a lower court's ruling that a group of Mississippi coastal landowners can sue energy and chemical companies on allegations that linked greenhouse gas emissions to Hurricane Katrina.
Students of UL Lafayette’s Professional Land and Resource Management program get a taste of the software offerings of iLandMan, a lease acquisition and land management software company based in Lafayette.
in case you missed it

domain: law