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Sick of dry turkey on Christmas Day? Always disappointed with the lack of breast meat on your frozen turkey? A turkey that looks as appealing as the giblets inside it? Does this sound like your turkey experiences of the past?
Then why not treat your family to the ultimate turkey this Christmas Day?
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Compare our turkeys to a frozen supermarket budget bird and they are simply chalk and cheese, or turkey and goose!
Every bird is prepared by hand for the final customer and lovingly packed to ensure you are delighted when it is delivered.
Orders for Whole Turkeys will close at 3pm on Friday 1st December. We can either courier your special bird to you for delivery on Thursday 21st December or you can come and collect it from us at the farm on Thursday 21st December between 11am-1pm.
To place your order call our very busy Turkey Elves now on 01437 781247, Option 1!!


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It's time to cut departments that ARE NOT NEEDED:
The Department of Agriculture
administers large farm subsidy programs and runs the food stamp and school lunch programs.
The department will spend about $151 billion in 2012, or about $1,200 for every U.S. household. It employs 93,000 workers and operates more than 240 subsidy programs.
The Department of Defense
oversees a vast array of people and assets at home and abroad, but we could improve security and reduce costs with a more restrained military strategy.
The department will spend about $668 billion in fiscal 2012, or $5,800 for every U.S. household.
The Department of Commerce
subsidizes businesses, restricts foreign trade, and oversees the Census Bureau and Patent Office.
The department will spend about $11 billion in 2012, or about $100 for every U.S. household. It employs 41,000 workers and operates more than 97 subsidy programs.
The Department of Education
operates a range of subsidy programs for elementary and secondary schools. That aid is matched by rising federal regulatory control over the schools, but federal intervention has not generally lifted academic achievement. The department also provides subsidies to higher education through student loans and grants. Unfortunately, that aid has fueled inflation in college tuition and is subject to widespread abuse.
The department will spend about $98 billion in 2012, or $830 for every U.S. household. It employs 4,300 workers and operates 153 different subsidy programs.
The Department of Energy
oversees nuclear weapons sites and subsidizes conventional and alternative fuels. The department has a history of fiscal and environmental mismanagement. Also, misguided energy regulations have caused large loses to consumers and the economy over the decades.
The department will spend about $39 billion in 2012, or about $330 for every U.S. household. It employs about 17,000 workers directly and oversees 100,000 contract workers at 21 national laboratories and other facilities across the nation. The department operates 37 different subsidy programs.
The Department of Health and Human Services
administers the huge and fast-growing Medicare and Medicaid programs. These programs fuel rising health costs, distort health markets, and are plagued by waste and fraud. The department also runs an array of other expensive subsidy programs, including Head Start, TANF, and LIHEAP. Growth in HHS spending is creating a federal financial crisis, and the 2010 health care law sadly makes the situation worse.
The department will spend $872 billion in 2012, or about $7,400 for every U.S. household. It employs 70,000 workers and runs 445 subsidy programs.
The Department of Housing and Urban Development
engages in a range of housing and community activities that used to be the responsibility of local governments and the private sector. Its public housing subsidies, rental assistance, and housing finance activities have proven to be costly and damaging to the economy. The department's poor management and misguided policies have led to fraud, corruption, and much wasteful spending.
The department will spent $57 billion in 2012, or about $480 for every U.S. household. It employs 9,400 workers and operates 122 different subsidy programs.
The Department of the Interior
oversees more than 500 million acres of land through the Bureau of Land Management, the National Park Service, the Fish and Wildlife Service, and other agencies. The department also houses the Bureau of Reclamation, which distributes subsidized irrigation water, and the Bureau of Indian Affairs, which administers aid programs for American Indians.
Interior will spend $19 billion in fiscal 2012, but it will collect $8 billion in revenues, which will leave net spending of $11 billion. The department employs about 70,000 workers in 2,400 offices across the nation.
The Department of Labor's
budget is dominated by the unemployment insurance system, which has soared in cost in recent years. The department runs numerous employment and job training programs, but these activities are generally ineffective and duplicate services available in private markets. The department also oversees an array of labor union laws and workplace regulations that restrict freedom and are costly to workers and businesses.
The department will spend $127 billion in fiscal 2012, or about $1,100 for every U.S. household. It employs more than 17,000 workers.
The Department of Transportation
subsidizes and regulates highways, airports, air traffic control, urban transit, passenger rail, and other activities. However, taxpayers and consumers would be better off if these activities were privatized, as has occurred in numerous other nations. Opening up the financing and operation of transportation infrastructure to the private sector would save money, spur innovation, and reduce congestion.
The department will spend about $84 billion in 2012, or about $710 for every U.S. household. It employs 58,000 workers and operates 83 subsidy programs.

domain: politics


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Microbes-in Household Products, Industrial Products and in Sewage Treatment and Biogas
Very Short Answer Type Questions
Question. How is lactic acid bacteria beneficial to us other than helping in curdling the milk ?
Name the nutrient that gets enhanced while curdling of milk by Lactobacillus.
Answer : Lactic acid bacteria improves the nutritional quality by increasing Vitamin B12.
Question. Name the metabolic pathway associated with the rising of dough in making bread. What makes the dough rise ?
Answer : Metabolic pathway : Alcoholic fermentation by yeast. CO2 produced in this process is responsible for rising of dough.
Question. Why do we add an inoculum of curd to milk for curdling it ?
Answer : Inoculum contains Lactobacilli which curdles milk into curd with lactic acid. Lactobacillus converts lactose sugar of milk into lactic acid which causes coagulation and partial digestion of milk protein casein. As a result, milk gets changed into curd.
Commonly Made Error
Question. Give the scientific name of the source organism from which the first antibiotic was produced.
Answer : Penicillium notatum.
Question. Write the scientific name of the microbe used for fermenting malted cereals and fruit juices.
Answer : Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Question. Name the gas released and the process responsible for puffing up of the bread dough when Saccharomyces cerevisiae is added to it.
Answer : Gas – Carbon dioxide
Process – Fermentation
Question. Which of the following in the baker’s yeast is used in fermentation : Saccharam barberi, Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Answer : Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Question. Name the group of organisms and the substrate that act to produce biogas.
Answer : Name of the group of organisms-Methanogens Substrate-Cellulosic material, cow dung and agricultural waste.
Question. Milk start to coagulate when lactic acid bacteria are added to warm milk as a starter. Mention any other two benefits LAB provide.
Answer : Besides curdling of milk the lactic acid bacteria are beneficial to us in following ways :
(i) They improve the nutritional quality of curd by producing Vitamin B12.
(ii) They help in inhibiting the development of disease causing microorganism in the gut.
Question. Bottled fruit juices are clearer as compared to those made at home. Explain
Answer : Bottled fruit juices are clearer as compared to those prepared at home because they are treated with enzyme pectinase and protease. This enzymes acts
on juices and make them clearer.
Short Answer Type Questions – l
Question. List the events that lead to biogas production from waste water whose BOD has been reduced significantly.
Answer : Sedimentation of flocs to form activated sludge, sludge pumped to anaerobic sludge digester, growth of anaerobic bacteria, digestion of sludge by bacteria to release biogas.
Question. List the events that reduce the Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) of a primary effluent during sewage treatment.
Answer : Effluent from the primary settling tank passed into aeration tank, agitated mechanically and air is pumped into it, vigorous growth of aerobic microbes into flocs, microbes consume major part of the organic matter in effluent.
Question. Explain the process of secondary treatment given to the primary effluent up to the point it shows significant change in the level of biological oxygen demand (BOD) in it.
Answer : Supernatant from the primary treatment is passed into large aeration tanks during secondary treatment. In these tanks, the effluent is agitated mechanically and air is pumped into it. This causes vigorous growth of bacteria that lead to the formation of floc, which consists of bacteria and
fungal filaments in a mesh like structure. While growing, these microbes consume the major part of organic matter in the effluent, it decreases the biological oxygen demand (BOD). After a significant drop in BOD is observed, effluent is passed into the settling tank.
Question. Explain the different steps involved during primary treatment phase of sewage.
Answer : Physical removal of particles (large and small), by filtration and sedimentation, forming primary sludge / sedimented solids, forming effluent (supernatant) for secondary treatment.
Question. Distinguish between the roles of flocs and anaerobic sludge digesters in sewage treatments.
Question. Mention a product of human welfare obtained with the help of each one of the following microbes :
(ii) Saccharomyces cerevisiae
(iii) Propionibacterium shermanii
(iv) Aspergillus niger
Answer : (i) Milk to curd
(ii) Bread / ethanol / alcoholic drinks / whiskey / brandy / beer/ rum
(iii) Swiss cheese
(iv) Citric acid
Question. Name two groups of organisms which constitute ‘flocs’. Write their influence on the level of BOD during biological treatment of sewage.
Answer : The bacteria and fungal mycelium constitute flocs. These microorganisms bring about the decomposition aerobically of the major part of organic matter in primary effluent and thus helps in lowering the BOD (Biological Oxygen Demand) of the effluent.
Question. State the use of :
(i) Trichoderma with respect to organ transplant and
(ii) Nucleopolyhedrovirus with respect to pest management.
Answer : (i) Trichoderma : It produces a bioactive molecule called cyclosporin A, which is used as an immunosuppressive agent in organ transplant.
(ii) Nucleopolyhedrovirus : Belongs to the family baculoviruses which are used as biocontrol agents.
These viruses attack insects and they are excellent for species-specific, narrow-spectrum insecticidal applications. They are quite specific and therefore do not have any negative impact on non target organisms, thus making them useful in overall integrated pest management programme.
Question. Explain the function of ‘‘anaerobic sludge digester’’ in a sewage treatment plant.
Answer : In anaerobic sludge digester, the anaerobic bacteriathe methanogen digest the flocs of bacteria and fungi in activated sludge and produce methane along with H2S and CO2 i.e. biogas which is a source of energy as it is inflammable.
Question. Name the source of cyclosporin-A. How does this bioactive molecules function in our body ?
Answer : Cyclosporin-A is produced by the fungus Trichoderma polysporum. Cyclosporin-A is antifungal, antiinflamatory and used as an immunosuppressant.
It is able to suppress the immune system enough so that organs and tissues, not original to the body, can be transplanted.
Question. Name the bacterium responsible for the large holes seen in ‘Swiss cheese ‘. What are these holes due to ?
Answer : The large holes in ‘Swiss cheese’ are due to the production of a large amount of CO2 by a bacterium named Propionibacterium shermanii.
Question. Mention the importance of lactic acid bacteria to humans other than setting milk into curd.
Answer : (i) While converting milk into curd, lactic acid bacteria (LAB) improve its nutritional quality by increasing vitamin B12.
(ii) In our stomach, LAB play beneficial role in preventing growth of disease-causing microbes.
Question. Why are some molecules called bioactive molecules ? Give two examples of such molecules.
Give the scientific name of microbes from which cyclosporin-A and statin are obtained. Write one medical use of each one of these drugs.
Answer : Some molecules are produced by certain living organism and have ability to perform functions and modify metabolism in body of other living organims are known as bioactive molecule.
Examples of bioactive molecules are :
(i) Cyclosporin-A : It is used as an immunosuppressive agent in organ-transplant patients. It is produced by Trichoderma polysporum.
(ii) Statins : Statins are produced by the yeast Monascus purpureus and have been commercialized as cholesterol-lowering agents.
Question. Name the enzyme produced by Streptococcus bacterium. Explain its importance in medical sciences.
Answer : Streptokinase.
It is used as a ‘clot buster’ for removing clots from the blood vessels of patients who have undergone myocardial infarction leading to heart attack. It helps in clearing blood clots inside the blood vessels through dissolution of intravascular fibrin.
Question. During the production of curd, a small amount of curd is added as a starter to the fresh milk at a suitable temperature. Explain the changes the milk undergoes when it sets into curd.
Why is ‘starter’ added to set the milk into curd ?
Answer : When a small amount of curd is added as a starter to the fresh milk at a suitable temperature, amicroorganism Lactobacillus and lactic acid bacteria grows in milk in millions. These bacteria convert the lactose sugar of milk into lactic acid which coagulates and partially digests milk protein casein. This causes curdling of milk and converts milk into curd.
Question. Name the first antibiotic discovered and by whom.
Answer : Penicillin, Alexander Fleming.
Question. Name the microbes that help the production of the following products commercially :
(ii) Citric acid
(iv) Butyric acid
Answer : (i) Monascus purpureus
(ii) Aspergillus niger
(iii) Penicillium notatum
(iv) Clostridium butyricum
Question. Name a bioactive molecule, its source organism and the purpose for which it is given to organ transplant patients.
Answer : Cyclosporin A.
Source – Trichoderma polysporum.
Purpose – Immuno suppressive agent.
Question. (i) A patient who had an organ transplant was given cyclosporin – A. Mention the microbial source and state the reason for administration of this bioactive molecule.
(ii) Bottled fruit juices bought from the market are clearer as compared to those made at home. Give reason.
Answer : (i) Source – Trichoderma polysporum.
Reason – Immuno suppressive agent.
(ii) They are clarified by pectinases and proteases.
Question. Name the source of statin and state its action on human body.
Answer : Statin is produced by a yeast called Monascus purpureus. It’s use lowers the blood cholesterol level in the body. It acts by inhibiting the activity of the enzyme which brings about the synthesis of cholesterol.
Short Answer Type Questions – ll
Question. Cow dung and water is mixed and this slurry is fed into the biogas plant for digestion by microbes. The person performing the process shares that there is no need to provide inoculum for it, why?
What is the role of microbes at the source? Under which condition will they be most active and effective ?
Answer : Methanogens are present in cow dung.
Breakdown of cellulose.
Question. Explain the changes that can be observed in the characteristics of river water when sewage is discharged into it and a few weeks after the discharge with respect to :
(i) level of dissolved oxygen
(ii) population of fresh water organisms.
Question. State the medicinal value and the bioactive molecules produced by Streptococcus, Monascus and Trichoderma.
Answer : Streptococcus : It produces Streptokinase enzyme that is used to dissolve clots formed in the blood vessels.
Monascus (Yeast) : It produces statins that help in lowering blood cholesterol levels.
Trichoderma (Fungus) : It produces cyclosporin A that is used as an immunosuppressant agent in organ transplantation. It inhibits activation of T-cells and thus prevents rejection of transplants.
Question. Given below is a figure of a biogas plant.
(i) Identify A and justify its floating nature.
(ii) Identify the products B and C and discuss their
Answer : (i) A is the floating cover which is placed over the slurry, which keeps on rising as the gas is produced in the tank due to the microbial activity.
(ii) B is the biogas which is a mixture of gases consisting of methane, hydrogen sulphide and carbon dioxide. It can be used as a source of energy to nearby houses as it is inflammable.
C is the spent slurry or sludge which is removed through another outlet and may be used as fertiliser.
Question. Identify a, b, c, d, e and f in the table given below :
Answer : (a) Clot buster for removing clots from blood vessels.
(b) Trichoderma polysporum.
(c) Antifungal, anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive agent in organ transplant, prevents reactions in organ transplantation.
(e) Blood cholesterol lowering agent.
(f) Lactic acid.
Question. What are methanogens ? How do they help to generate biogas.
Answer : Micro-organisms that produce methane along with CO2 and H2 gases under anaerobic conditions are called methanogens Example, Methanobacterium.
These are the bacteria found in cattle dung (gobar) and in anaerobic sludge during sewage treatment,
They grow anaerobically on cellulosic material and produce a large amount of methane (main constituent of biogas) along with CO2 and H2. Thus, methanogens are used in biogas production.
Question. What are Methanogens ? Name the animals they are present in and the role they play there.
Answer : Methanogens are the bacteria which grow anaerobically on cellulosic material and produce large amount of methane along with CO2 and H2S.
(i) Present in cattle (rumen) a part of stomach.
(ii) They help in
(a) Breaking down of cellulose present in food of cattle.
(b) Nutrition of animal for digestion of cellulose.
The excreta of cattle is rich in these bacteria (methanogens) and therefore can be used for generation of biogas.
Question “Determination of Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) can help in suggesting the quality of a water body.” Explain.
Answer : High BOD in a water body indicates more number of micro-organisms in water, resulting in bad quality of water / death of aquatic creatures, more polluting potential.
Lower BOD of water body indicates less number of micro-organisms in water, good quality of water / aquatic life flourishes / less polluting potential
Question. Explain the different steps involved in the secondary treatment of sewage.
Answer : (a) Primary effluent is passed into large aeration tanks with constant mechanical agitation and air supply. Useful aerobic microbes grow rapidly and form flocs.
(b) Flocs while growing consume organic matter and thus reduce the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), the effluent is passed into settling tank.
(c) The bacterial flocs settle at the bottom of the tank and it forms activated sludge, a small part this is used as an inoculum in the aeration tank and the remaining part is passed into large tanks called anaerobic sludge digesters.
Question. Describe how do ‘flocs‘ and ‘activated sludge‘ help in Sewage Treatment.
Answer : Flocs : Aerobic microbes consume the major part of the organic matter in the effluent, significantly reduces BOD.
Activated sludge : Small part of activated sludge is used as inoculum and pumped back to aeration tank / pumped into anaerobic sludge digesters where microbes or bacteria grow anaerobically to produce CH4 or H2S or CO2 or biogas.
Question. Describe how biogas is generated from activated sludge. List the components of biogas.
Answer : After the significant decline of BOD of the sewage, the effluent is passed into the settling tank. In these tanks, the bacterial flocs sediment forming the activated sludge. A small part of activated sludge is pumped back into aeration tanks to serve as the inoculum. The remaining major part of the sludge is pumped into large tanks called anaerobic sludge digesters. Other kinds of bacteria, that grow anaerobically, digest the bacteria and fungi in the sludge. During this digestion, bacteria produce a mixture of gases called biogas.
The components of biogas are :
(i) Methane (CH4)
(ii) Hydrogen sulphide (H2S)
(iii) Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Question. Identify a, b, c, d, e and f in the following table :
Answer : (i) (a) Streptokinase.
(b) ‘Clot buster‘ for removing clots from the blood vessels (of patients who have undergone myocardial infarction leading to heart attack) / clot buster enzyme.
(ii) (c) Cyclosporin.
(d) Trichoderma polysporum.
(iii) (e) Monascus purpureus (yeast).
(f) Blood cholesterol lowering agent.
Question. The three microbes are listed below. Name the product produced by each one of them and mention their use.
(a) Aspergillus niger
(b) Trichoderma polysporum
(c) Monascus purpureus
Answer : (a) Aspergillus niger – Citric Acid, natural preservative / flavouring agent.
(b) Trichoderma polysporum – Cyclosporin A , immunosuppressive agent.
(c) Monascus purpureus – Statin, blood cholesterol lowering agent.
Question. (i) Why are the fruit juices bought from market clearer as compared to those made at home ?
(ii) Name the bioactive molecules produced by Trichoderma polysporum and Monascus purpureus.
Answer : (i) The fruit juices prepared at home are turbid due to the presence of fibers and pectin in it whereas those purchased from the market are clearer because of the use of enzymes like proteases and pectinases which remove turbidity.
Question. Microbes play a dual role when used for sewage treatment as they not only help to retrieve usable water but also generate fuel. Write how this happens ?
Answer : Heterotrophic microbes naturally present in sewage are used. Vigorous growth of aerobic microbes as flocs uses organic matter in effluent and reduce BOD of waste water. Other kinds of bacteria grow in it anaerobically and digest the bacteria and fungi called flocs (masses of bacteria associated with fungal filaments). As they digest flocs, a mixture of CH4, H2S, and CO2 or biogas is evolved, which can be used as a fuel.
Question. (i) How is activated sludge formed during sewage treatment ?
(ii) This sludge can be used as an inoculum or as a source of biogas. Explain.
Answer : (i) When the BOD of sewage or waste is reduced significantly, the effluent is then passed into a settling tank where the bacterial ‘flocs’ are allowed to sediment. This sediment is called activated sludge.
(ii) A small part of the activated sludge is pumped back into aeration tanks to serve as the inoculum. The remaining major part of the sludge is pumped into large tanks called anaerobic sludge digesters. Other kinds of bacteria, which grow anaerobically, digest the bacteria and the fungi in the sludge. During this digestion, bacteria produce a mixture of gases such as methane, hydrogen sulphide and carbon dioxide. These gases form biogas and can be used as a source of energy as it is inflammable.
Question. Make a list of three household products along with the names of the micro-organism producing them.
Answer : Lactic acid bacteria ; curd
Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; bread
Propionibacterium shermanii ; swiss cheese
Question. Name the two different categories of aerobic microbes naturally occurring in sewage water.
Explain their role in cleaning sewage water into usable water.
Answer : The two different categories of aerobic microbes naturally occurring in sewage water are bacteria and fungi. The two together forms flocs a mesh like structure.
The following three treatments are carried out for purifying sewage water:
(i) Primary treatment :
(a) Separation of large debris.
(b) Sedimentation in tanks.
(ii) Secondary treatment :
(a) Waste water is pumped in shallow stabilization or oxidation ponds, where microbes oxidize its organic matter.
(b) The process results in release of CO2 and formation of sludge.
(c) Sludge is continuously aerated further for its oxidation.
(iii) Tertiary treatment :
(a) Removal of turbidity in waste water caused by the presence of nutrients (N2, P, etc.) in dissolved organic matter, metals or pathogens.
(b) It involves chemical oxidation by strong oxidising agents such as chlorine gas, perchlorate salts, ozone gas, UV radiations.
Question. Identify a, b, c, d, e and f in the table given below :
Answer : a – Statins.
b – Blood cholesterol lowering agent.
c – Penicillium notatum.
d – Penicillin.
e – Trichoderma polysporum.
f – Immuno-suppressive agent in organ transplant patients.
Question. Mention the product and its use produced by each of the microbes listed below :
(iii) Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Answer : (i) Streptokinase, clot buster / dissolves clot from blood vessels.
(ii) Lactic acid, coagulates milk / partial digestion of milk proteins casein.
(iii) Ethyl alcohol + CO2, ferments dough to make bread / idli.
The diagram above is that of a typical biogas plant.
Explain the sequence of events occurring in a biogas plant. Identify a, b and c.
Answer : Bio wastes are collected and a slurry of dung is fed. A floating cover having gas outlet is placed over slurry which keeps on rising as the gas is produced in the tank, the spent slurry is removed through another outlet and may be used as fertilizer.
(a) sludge loader.
(b) gas holder / CH4 and CO2.
(c) dung and water.
Long Answer Type Questions
Q. 1. Describe the process of waste-water treatment under the following heads :
(i) Primary treatment.
(ii) Secondary treatment.
Explain the process of sewage water treatment before it can be discharged into natural water bodies. Why is this treatment essential ?
Answer : (i) Primary treatment
(a) Physical removal of particles like debris, soil, sand or silt through filtration, sedimentation in stages.
(b) Solids settle to form primary sludge, the supernatants form the primary effluent.
(ii) Secondary Treatment : It is the biological treatment.
(a) Effluent passed into aeration tanks.
(b) Vigorous growth of useful aerobic microbes into flocs.
(c) Significant reduction of BOD due to use of organic matter by microorganisms.
(d) After fall in the level of BOD, the effluent is passed on to settling tanks where bacterial flocs settle to form activated sludge. ½
(e) Activated sludge is passed on to anaerobic sludge digester, where bacteria and fungi are anaerobically digested.
Q. 3. (i) Name the category of microbes occurring naturally in sewage and making it less polluted during the treatment.
(ii) Explain the different steps involved in the secondary treatment of sewage.
Answer : (i) Aerobic microbes.
(ii) The primary effluent is passed into large aeration tanks where it is constantly agitated mechanically and air is pumped into it. This allows vigorous growth of useful aerobic microbes into flocs (masses of bacteria associated with fungal filaments to form mesh like structures). While growing, these microbes consume the major part of the organic matter in the effluent. This significantly reduces the BOD (biochemical oxygen demand) of the effluent. The sewage water is treated till the BOD is reduced. Once the BOD of sewage or waste water is reduced significantly, the effluent is then passed into a settling tank where the bacterial ‘flocs’ are allowed to sediment. This sediment is called activated sludge. A small part of the activated sludge is pumped back into the aeration tank to serve as the inoculum. The remaining major part of the sludge is pumped into large tanks called anaerobic sludge digesters. Here, other kinds of bacteria, which grow anaerobically, digest the bacteria and the fungi in the sludge. During this digestion bacteria produce a mixture of gases such as methane, hydrogen sulphide and carbon dioxide. These gases form biogas and can be used as source of energy as it is inflammable. The effluent from the secondary treatment plant is generally released into natural water bodies like rivers and streams.
Microbes as Biocontrol Agents and Bio-fertilisers
Question. Name the types of association that the genus Glomus exhibits with higher plants.
Answer : Symbiosis / Mycorrhiza / Mutualism.
Question. Write the significance of nucleopolyhedrovirus in pest management.
Answer : Nucleopolyhedroviruses are the effective biocontrol agent. They are species specific and have narrow spectrum insecticidal application having no negative impact on non target beneficial organisms.
They play significant role in pest management.
Question. Name any one symbiont which serves as a biofertilizer. Mention its specific role.
Answer : Rhizobium, a root nodule bacterium of legumes is a symbiont. It fixes nitrogen symbiotically and thus help the plants in obtaining their nitrogen nutrition and therefore serve as a biofertilizer.
Question. State one reason for adding blue-green algae to agricultural soil.
Mention the role of cyanobacteria as a biofertilizer.
Answer : Blue-green algae are cyanobacteria. They fix atmospheric free nitrogen. Therefore, they increase soil fertility and also add the organic matter to the soil.
Question. Mention two advantages of adding blue-green algae to paddy fields.
Answer : In paddy fields, cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) add organic matter to the soil and increases its fertility.
Question. Name any two free living nitrogen fixing bacteria.
Answer : Azotobacter and Azospirillum.
Question. What makes Nucleopolyhedrovirus a desirable biological control agent ?
Answer : Nucleopolyhedrovirus is the genus of baculoviruses.
They are quite effective biocontrol agent. Its specificity makes it a desirable biocontrol agent.
They selectively attack insect and other arthropods.
They are suitable for species specific, narrow spectrum insecticidal application. They do not harm non-target organisms. They are also desirable in IPM programme to conserve beneficial insects.
Question. Which of the following is a cyanobacterium that can fix atmospheric nitrogen. Azospirillum, Oscillatoria, Spirulina.
Answer : Oscillatoria.
Short Answer Type Questions – l
Question. How does the application of the fungal genus, Glomus, to the agricultural farm increase the farm output ?
Answer : Glomus forms mycorrhizal association, absorbs phosphorus, provide resistance to root borne pathogens, enhanced to tolerate salinity / drought.
Question. Explain the significant role of the genus Nucleopolyhedrovirus in an ecological sensitive area.
Answer : The genus Nucleopolyhedrovirus include baculoviruses which are insecticidal and therefore used as biocontrol agents. They have narrow spectrum, insecticidal application (IPM). They have no negative impact on plants / mammals / birds / fish / even non target insects. They are desirable in integrated pest management programme.
Question. Your advice is sought to improve the nitrogen content of the soil to be used for cultivation of a non-leguminous terrestrial crop.
(a) Recommend two microbes that can enrich the soil with nitrogen.
(b) Why do leguminous crops not require such enrichment of the soil?
Answer : (a) Azospirillum/ Azotobacter/ Anabaena/ Nostoc / Oscillatoria /Frankia (Any two correct names of microbes).
(If cyanobacteria mentioned=½, but if along with cyanobacteria-Anabaena / Nostoc / Oscillatoria mentioned then No mark on cyanobacteria).
(b) They can fix atmospheric nitrogen, due to presence of Rhizobium/N2 fixing bacteria in their root nodules.
Question. What is the pathogenic property of baculovirus, used as a biological agents ? Name the genus of these organisms.
Answer : Attacks insect and other arthropods.
Question. Name a free-living symbiotic bacterium that serve as bio-fertilizer. Why are they so called?
Answer : Azospirillum/Azotobacter, Rhizobium.
They enrich soil nutrient/nitrogen fixation.
(Any other correct example)
Question. Why is Rhizobium categorized as a ‘symbiotic bacterium’ ? How does it act as a biofertiliser ?
Answer : Rhizobium is a symbiotic bacterium living in the root nodule of leguminous plants, it fixes atmospheric nitrogen into organic forms to be used by plants as nutrient and in turn bacteria get carbohydrate food and shelter from the plant. It is a biofertiliser as it is a living organism that enriches nutrient content of the plant / soil.
Question. How do mycorrhizae help the plants to grow better?
How do mycorrhiza act as biofertilizers ? Explain. Name a genus of fungi that forms a mycorrhizal association with plants.
Answer : Mycorrhiza refers to symbiotic association between the fungus and the root of higher plants. These fungi in these associations absorb water, phosphorus, nitrogen, potassium, calcium from soil and pass it to the plant. The fungus brings about the solubilization of organic matter of soil humus, release of inorganic nutrients absorption and their transfer to roots. The genus Glomus forms a mycorrhizal association with plants.
Short Answer Type Questions – ll
Question. Given below is a list of six micro-organisms. State their usefulness to humAnswer :
(ii) Saccharomyces cerevisiae
(iii) Monascus purpureus
(iv) Trichoderma polysporum
(v) Penicillium notatum
(vi) Propionibacterium sharmanii
Answer : (i) Nucleopolyhedrovirus : It is a biological control agent and is a species-specific insecticide.
(ii) Saccharomyces cerevisiae : It is used to ferment bread dough and used in the preparation of ethanol.
(iii) Monascus purpureus : It is commercialised as blood cholesterol lowering agent.
(iv) Trichoderma polysporum : It produces cyclosporin A, which act as an immunosuppressive agent in organ transplant patients.
(v) Penicillium notatum : It is a source of penicillin, an antibiotic.
(vi) Propionibacterium shermanii : It is used in the preparation of cheese for texture, flavour and taste.
Question. (i) How do organic farmers control pests ? Give two examples.
(ii) State the difference in their approach from that of conventional pest control methods.
Answer : (i) Natural predation / biological control.
Examples – lady bird used to kill aphids / dragon flies used to kill mosquitoes / Bacillus thuringiensis used to kill cotton bollworm / caterpillar / butterfly caterpillar.
Question. Explain the role of Baculoviruses as biological control agents. Mention their importance in organic farming.
Explain the significant role of the genus Nucleopolyhedrovirus in an ecological sensitive area.
Answer : The role of Baculoviruses :
Baculoviruses are pathogens that attack insects and other arthropods. The majority of baculoviruses used as biological control agents are in the genus Nucleopolyhedrovirus. These viruses are excellent species-specific, biocontrol agents have narrow spectrum insecticidal applications. They have been shown to have no negative impacts on plants, mammals, birds, fish or even on non-target insects.
Importance in organic farming :
(i) Baculoviruses are known to control pests like potato beetles, aphids and corn borers.
(ii) Entomopox virus is another baculovirus which adversely affects the rate of development of grasshopper and the amount of food it eats.
Question. Choose any three microbes, from the following which are suited for organic farming which is in great demand these days for various reasons.
Mention one application of each one chosen.
Mycorrhiza; Monascus; Anabaena; Rhizobium;
Answer : Mycorrhiza : Fungal symbiont of the association. absorb phosphorus from soil.
Anabaena : Fix atmospheric nitrogen / Adds organic matter to the soil.
Rhizobium : It is a symbiotic root nodule bacterium which fixes atmospheric nitrogen (in leguminous plants) in organic form which is used by plant as nutrient.
Methanobacterium : They digest cellulosic material and the product / spent slurry can be used as fertilizer.
Trichoderma : Biocontrol agent for several plant pathogens.
Question. Some microbes act as biofertilisers. Explain with the help of three suitable examples.
Answer : (i) Rhizobium : Symbiotically fix atmospheric nitrogen into organic forms which can be used by the plant as nutrients.
(ii) Azospirullum / Azotobacter : Free living bacteria fix atmospheric nitrogen.
(iii) Glomus / Fungi : Symbiotic with plants absorbs phosphorus from soil and passes it to plant.
(iv) Cyanobacteria / Anabaena / Nostoc / Oscillatoria: Fix atmospheric nitrogen in aquatic and terrestrial environment.
(v) Blue green algae : Add organic matter to soil and increase soil fertility.
Question. (i) Why do farmers prefer biofertilizers to chemical fertilizers these days ? Explain.
(ii) How do Anabaena and Mycorrhiza act as biofertilisers ?
Answer : (i) Farmers prefer biofertilisers to chemical fertilizers because :
(a) They help to get high yield of crops by making the soil rich with nutrients and useful microorganisms necessary for the growth of the plants.
(b) Chemical fertilizers make the environment polluted by releasing harmful chemicals and show biological magnification.
(c) Biofertilisers destroy only those harmful components from the soil that cause diseases in the plants.
(d) Biofertilisers are environment friendly and protect the environment against pollutants.
(ii) Fungi are known to form symbiotic association with plants called mycorrhiza. Many members of the genus Glomus forms mycorrhiza. The
fungal symbiont in this association absorbs phosphorus from soil. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi play a vital role as a phosphatic biofertilizer.
Cyanobacteria are autotrophic microbes widely distributed in aquatic and terrestrial environments, many of which can fix atmospheric nitrogen e.g. Anabaena, Nostoc, Oscillatoria etc.
Question. How are Baculoviruses and Bacillus thuringiensis used as bio-control agents? Why are they preferred over readily available chemical pesticides.
Answer : Baculoviruses belong to Nucleopolyhedroviruses.
They are used as biocontrol agents and preferred over readily available chemical pesticides because they are species specific and have narrow spectrum insecticidal application. They do not harm the non target organisms.
Bacillus thuringiensis is a bacterium and is a biocontrol agent against cotton bollworm insects.
They produce a toxin that specifically kill the insect larvae when the toxin is released in their gut. It is also preferred over chemical pesticides because it is
specific and does not have any negative role over non target organisms. Moreover, the biopesticides are inexpensive and do not cause environmental pollution.
Question. (a) Organic farmers prefer biological control of diseases and pests to the use of chemicals for the same purpose Justify.
(b) Give an example of a bacterium, a fungus and an insect that are used as biocontrol agents.
Answer : (a) (i) Reduces dependence on toxic chemicals.
(ii) Protects our ecosystem or environment.
(iii) Protects and conserves non-target organisms / they are species – specific.
(iv) These chemicals being non-biodegradable may pollute the environment permanently.
(v) These chemicals being non-biodegradable may cause biomagnification.
(b) Bacteria : Bacillus thuringiensis. ½
Fungus : Trichoderma.
Insect : Ladybird / Dragonfly / Moth or any other correct example.
Question. What are biopesticides ? Give the scientific name and use of the first commercially used biopesticide in the world.
Answer : The biological agent which are used to control weeds, insects and pathogen are called biopesticides.
The micro-organisms that are used as biopesticides are some viruses, bacteria, fungi and their products.
The bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis was the first biopesticide to be used on commercial scale.
Question. Baculoviruses are good example of biocontrol agents. Justify giving three reasons.
Answer : i. Species specific / narrow spectrum insecticidal application.
ii. They have no negative impact on plants / mammals / birds / fish / non target insects.
iii. They are beneficial for IPM (Integrated Pest Management ) / Pest Management Programme.
Question. An organic farmer relies on natural predation for controlling plant pests and diseases. Justify giving reasons why this is considered to be holistic approach.
Answer : Organic farming is holistic approach for controlling plant pest because it seeks to develop an understanding of the interactions amongst the organisms in the ecosystem.
Organic farmers do not try to completely eradicate the pest but keep them at manageable levels. A complete eradication of the pest is not beneficial and also not desirable because many beneficial predatory and parasitic insects can not survive without them.
Question. Microbes can be used to decrease the use of chemical fertilizers. Explain how this can be accomplished.
Answer : (a) Rhizobium bacteria present in the root nodules of leguminous plants forms a symbiotic association and fixes atmospheric nitrogen into organic forms, which is used by the plant as nutrient.
(b) Free-living bacteria in the soil Azospirillum and Azotobacter can fix atmospheric nitrogen, thus enriching the nitrogen content of the soil.
(c) Many members of the genus Glomus (Fungi) form mycorrhizal symbiotic associations with higher plants, in these the fungal symbiont absorbs phosphorus from soil and passes it to the plant.
(d) Cyanobacteria like Anabaena, Nostoc, Oscillatoria are autotrophic microbes widely distributed in aquatic and terrestrial environments, which can fix atmospheric nitrogen, also add organic matter to the soil and increase its fertility.
Long Answer Type Questions
Question. (i) How does Bacillus thuringiensis act as a biocontrol agent for protecting Brassica and fruit trees ? Explain.
(ii) (a) List the components of biogas.
(b) What makes methanogens a suitable source for biogas production ?
Answer : (i) Bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) are available in sachets as dried spores, mixed with water and sprayed onto vulnerable plants, these are eaten up by the insect larvae, the toxins are released in the gut and larva gets killed.
(ii) Methane, H2S, CO2, H2
(iii) Methanogens grow anaerobically on cellulosic material, produce large amount of methane, alongwith CO2 & H2.

domain: biology


5E-MIN6150 Mini Moisture Oven is used to determine the moisture in coal, coke, heavy oil, biomass and other liquid and solid substance, which is widely applied in power plants, coal industry, metallurgical, petrochemical, cement plants, research institutes and inspection company.
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Standard Configuration:Nitrogen introducing device
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|Model||5E-MIN6150 Mini Moisture Oven|
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UNI CEN/TS 15414, BS EN ISO18134, ISO589,
GB/T 211, GB/T 212, GB/T 28731, GB/T 28733, GB/T 30732
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text:
In celebration of the comic's third anniversary, I'm posting three extra pages. :D Thank you all so much for reading and commenting— I just love the process of coming up with the story, developing characters, and drawing the pages, but seeing your comments makes it that much better. I really love knowing that you're enjoying reading Second Generation, and you've given me some very helpful insight regarding how I can do better.
And of course, now I just realized that the movement lines on the knife probably should've been spinning, not straight. I guess I'll put that on the list of things to change when I go back through and fix up pages in a few months. Anyways, now you people know what Ciudan goblins look like. They're fun little critters to draw.
Unfortunately for me, Thanksgiving break ends tomorrow. I have, however, managed to get quite a few more movies watched. :) Let's see... the first X-Men movie and X-Men: Last Stand were ok, I guess, but Wolverine was nowhere near as awesome as he is in the comics; the Incredible Hulk wasn't too bad, if predictable (although I've never read any Hulk comics); King Kong was pretty cool for the first hour or so, but then it started getting really long, and it had a boring soundtrack; the X Files was... kinda creepy, actually; and the Dark Knight... oh man. It was awesome. Just, awesome. I'm officially excited for the Dark Knight Rises. BY THE WAY- question for you: do you know of any good, romantic movies where the main couple actually meet for the first time during the movie? And by good, I mean the relationship is developed believably in a not-cheesy way. Bonus points if it's an action movie. I ask because I don't know of any personally.
And concerning romantic films...all my favourite romances are Norah Efron films (Sleepless in Seattle, When Harry Met Sally, You've Got Mail) They arent action films at all, although they are all 'odd' situations. I like them all because they are realistic. In two of the films, the main point is that they get to know each other first. The characters fall in love because they end up being really good friends, rather then the whole 'she's so hot I must have her' thing. With the other film, Sleepless in Seattle, oddly the characters dont meet until right at the end, its very much a 'fate' kind of thing, but the two characters spend the entire film arguing that you cant fall in love at first sight with someone. Its hard to think of a favourite, but I think you'd maybe like You've Got Mail the best, as its got a very interesting set up (The characters get to know each other via e-mail. They actually know each other in real life, but dont realise they are talking to who they e-mail, and hate each other in real life (such is the way of first impressions)).
Its really hard to think of any action films that include a realistic romance 0_o Can you recommend any good action films to me though? I'm in a real mood for that kind of thing atm (blame Tin Tin) and its only in the last few years I've come to appreciate action films!!

domain: entertainment


text:
NEW YORK (PIX11) – An adorable stowaway Chihuahua was rescued from a checked suitcase at LaGuardia Airport Tuesday, according to the TSA.
The owner was completely unaware that her dog went to the airport with her Tuesday — nestled in with the other belongings in her luggage.
The woman apparently didn’t hear any noise from the puppy, and checked the bag before heading for security.
However, when a black, hard-sided suitcase set off an alarm, triggering an inspection, a TSA officer was shocked to find the young brown and beige Chihuahua staring back at him.
“The woman said that the dog must have climbed into the suitcase and curled up in the clothing while she was packing for her trip,” said TSA spokeswoman Lisa Farbstein. TSA officers worked with the airline to track down the owner of the suitcase, and managed to find her before she boarded her flight.
“(She) was shocked when we told her we had her dog,” Farbstein said.
The puppy went home safe and sound after the woman called her husband to come pick up their adorable little stowaway.

domain: news


Who is eddie vedder dating
He is less depressive and manic-rocker tonight and more crooner, an altruist for sure, and the type of poet who writes of love, loss, abandonment, learning to fly alone.
The surfer had caught the perfect wave, and he was realizing it didn't come from the ocean. He eventually dropped out of school altogether, and after his mom divorced again, he adopted her maiden name and rejoined her in Chicago.Carrying a passion for music—groups like the Sex Pistols, the Who, the Ramones and Black Flag were big influences—Vedder returned to Southern California in 1984 and became a fixture at nightclubs.He also joined several bands, including one called Bad Radio, and worked on developing his sound between stints as a hotel security guard and gas station attendant.Vedder was one of the last members to join the group that became Pearl Jam.With drummer Dave Krusen on board, Pearl Jam released in 1991.
The debut album featured Vedder's impassioned vocals as he belted out tracks like "Alive," "Even Flow" and "Black" above the band's powerful, classic rock-influenced sound.
Irons, who lived in Southern California and had become friends with Vedder, passed a demo tape of the group on to the prospective singer.
Vedder set to work and wrote the lyrics to the songs that became "Alive," "Once" and "Footsteps." When Gossard listened to Vedder's tape, he immediately called him and invited him up to Seattle to join the group.
In 1990, former Mother Love Bone guitarist Stone Gossard had started a new band that consisted of bassist Jeff Ament and lead guitarist Mike Mc Cready.
Needing lyrics for some music he and his bandmates had created, Gossard turned to Jack Irons, formerly of the Red Hot Chili Peppers.
For many years, Vedder was led to believe that his stepfather was his biological dad.


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text:
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The Green Bell Kindle Edition
Paula recovers a self that she thought was lost; Michael, a radical poet, is caught up in a rush of creative energy and writes poems that become The Second Month of Spring. Together, they plan for ‘a wedding, marriage, kids – the whole trip’. But outside the hospital walls, madness, grief and drugs challenge their luminous dream. Can their love survive?
The Green Bell is a lyrical and profoundly moving story about love and madness. It explores the ways that extreme experience can change us: expose our terrors and open us to ecstasy for the sake of a truer life, a reconciliation with who we are. Ultimately, the memoir reveals itself to be a hymn to life. A requiem for lost friends. A coming of age story that takes a lifetime.
- ASIN : B0744NZV5G
- Publisher : Affirm Press (1 May 2017)
- Language : English
- File size : 5184 KB
- Text-to-Speech : Enabled
- Screen Reader : Supported
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- Print length : 342 pages
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In 1972, Paula Keogh meets Michael Dransfield while both are patients in the psychiatric ward (known as M Ward) of the Canberra Hospital. Paula is both delusional and grief-stricken. Her close friend Julianne Gilroy had died in a Sydney psychiatric institution in 1968. Michael is being treated for drug addiction. Michael and Paula fall in love. They find a safe space, hidden from the world, under one of the willow trees lining Lake Burley Griffin near the hospital. This is the ‘Green Bell’ of the title.
‘When I was a small child, I knew that another world existed beyond the one I was familiar with.’
Paula finds a less fractured self, while Michael is inspired to write more of his poetry. Together, in the comparative safety of the Canberra Hospital’s M Ward, they plan for a future together.
This memoir is an account of the brief period (less than two years) that Paula and Michael had together. It’s an account of madness, from the perspective of someone diagnosed with schizophrenia, suffering from hallucination, lost in delusion, revisited some forty years later. It’s an account of optimism, of two vulnerable but kindred spirits briefly sharing a path.
I found this memoir unsettling: I have my own recollections of psychiatric institutions during the 1970s, my own ghosts to settle. I also found this memoir uplifting: Paula Keogh has survived and made a life for herself. It must have been difficult for her to return to 1972, to these memories and the associated pain. I moved to Canberra in 1974 and am familiar with the Canberra Ms Keogh describes, and some of the poets named. I can visualise ‘The Green Bell’ and remember M Ward. And as I move through those memories, I think I need to revisit some of Michael Dransfield’s poetry, now that I have a deeper understanding of the circumstances in which it was written.
‘Listening to this concerto, I come to understand madness in a new way. In one of its guises, madness is bondage to a reality that’s insular and personal. It offers you the kind of truth you see when you’re in pieces: a broken, defeated sort of truth.’

domain: library


text:
Saturday, September 3, 2011
I wonder then what he would say about DOMA Theater Company’s decision to break up the musical into two acts. Selling refreshments is standard operating procedure at a theatre’s intermission and the bartender even had his bio in the program (?), but in this instance, all it did was compromise what sexual tension the ensemble had built before being dropped at the break. I would have asked the two gentlemen sitting next to me for their opinion but sadly I could not, as they didn't return after intermission.
Set in 19th century Italy and based on Ettore Scola’s film Passione d'Amore, it follows the romantic entanglements of Giorgio (Nathaniel Reynolds), a young army caption, his beautiful but married mistress Clara (Melissa Cook), and Fosca (Lindsay Zana), the sickly cousin of his superior officer (Duane Allen Thomas).
At the top of the show, Giorgio and Clara are found in the throes of a highly-charged bedroom scene singing of the happiness they’ve found in each other’s arms. It is a seduction begun from a glance in the park that they now cannot live without, but when she learns he is being sent to a post outside the city she is devastated. Though a long distance affair is not what she had in mind, they agree to continue their erotic liaison though a series of passionate letters.
Once at his new post, the isolated and somewhat out of place soldier slowly befriends the unfortunate Fosca, who turns him into the object of her obsessive desire. “You and I are different,” she says. “They hear drums - we hear music.” Though sympathetic to her situation, he feels no attraction in return. The tragic events that take place in the story lead Giorgio to eventually understand the repercussions of a love realized too late.
Reynolds and Cook are easily up to the vocal and emotional demands of their roles but Zana’s performance could have been much more potent with a stronger directorial hand. Sondheim has fashioned a dramatically haunting score and Lapine has laid out a psychological journey that director Marco Gomez seemed not to understand, his staging lacking finesse at almost every turn. Thomas is well cast as the Colonel, and both he and Corinne DeVries have lovely voices and several nice dramatic turns, but others among the ensemble were unable to be understood and clearly uncomfortable onstage. What a missed opportunity.
DOMA Theater Company’s Passion runs through September 11 at the MET Theatre in Hollywood. Click Here for tickets and more information.
Photo: Nathaniel Reynolds and Melissa Cook
Credit: J. Hawke
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8:41 AM |

domain: artistic


Kirstie Alley Biography, Cause of Death, Net Worth, Husband, Parents, Weight Loss, Children
A star of Drop Dead Gorgeous and Cheers, Kirstie Alley, has passed away. She was 71.
What Happened to Kirstie Alley?
The actress' family confirmed the sad news in a statement posted on social media on Monday. She is best recognized for her work on Cheers and in the Look Who's Talking movies.
According to Alley's family, she “fought with amazing strength while surrounded by her closest family, leaving us with a certainty of her never-ending passion of living and whatever adventures lie ahead.”
Kirstie Alley Cause of Death
Alley passed away on Monday, True and Lillie said in a statement to PEOPLE. In a statement, they stated, “We are heartbroken to inform you that our wonderful, fierce, and loving mother has passed away following a struggle with cancer, which was just recently detected.”
They said, “She fought valiantly while surrounded by her closest family, leaving us with no doubt about her unending enthusiasm for life and whatever adventures lay ahead. As well-known off the screen, as she was on it, she was an even better mother and grandmother.
The siblings reflected on their mother's “unparalleled enthusiasm and passion for life, her children, grandchildren, and her numerous animals, not to mention her unending joy of creating, leaving us encouraged to live life to the fullest just as she did.” The Moffitt Cancer Center's “amazing team of doctors and nurses” were also praised.
In closing, True and Lillie thank Alley's supporters and ask that they respect their privacy during this trying time. “We appreciate you for your love and prayers,” they say.
Kirstie Alley Cancer Diagnosis
Alley has kept her cancer diagnosis a secret up until now. The message stated, “We are heartbroken to inform you that our incredible, fierce, and beloved mother has passed away following a struggle with cancer, which was only recently detected.”
“She fought valiantly while accompanied by her closest family members, leaving us with no doubt as to her unending love of life and whatever adventures lie ahead. She was a legendary actress, but she was also a wonderful mother and grandma.”
“The outstanding team of doctors and nurses at the Moffitt Cancer Center for their care,” Lillie and William added in their thank-you statement.
Kirstie Alley's weight loss journey
Alley shed 75 pounds (34 kilograms) while serving as a spokesman for Jenny Craig from 2004 to 2007. Her weight then dropped to 145 pounds (66 kg).
She revealed to People magazine in May 2009 that she gained 83 pounds (38 kg) and reached a maximum weight of 228 pounds after leaving Jenny Craig (103 kg).
After gossip columnist Roger Friedman claimed there was a connection between her Organic Liaison weight-loss program and the Church of Scientology in March 2010, Alley wrote: “Please look up Roger Friedman on Google. He is spreading false information about me and my new company.
You will learn about his past and the reasons Fox fired him. Tomorrow, Mr. Attorney will call Mr. Friedman's attorney. Mr. Friedman is putting my business on the shaky LIBELOUS ground.” Alley announced in September 2011 after utilizing weight loss supplements from Organic Liaison, a business she had launched in 2010.
In 2012, she was the target of a class-action lawsuit for allegedly engaging in misleading advertising. According to the lawsuit, she lost weight through exercise, including preparation for the TV show Dancing With the Stars, rather than by using Organic Liaison products.
In 2013, she settled with the plaintiff, pledging to pay a $130,000 compensation, remove the phrase “Proven Products” from the packaging, and post a disclaimer about the product's nature as a “calorie-based weight-loss product” on the brand's website.
She rejoined Jenny Craig as a spokesperson in April 2014 after the parent business of Jenny Craig purchased and included the Organic Liaison product line into Jenny Craig's line of goods. Alley stated in January 2015 that she had lost 50 pounds since resuming the Jenny Craig weight-loss program (23 kg).
Kirstie Alley's Career
Alley made her acting debut in 1982's Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan as Lieutenant Saavik, a Vulcan Starfleet officer. Alley declined to return for the sequels, claiming she was offered less money than for Star Trek II.
She appeared in a number of smaller movies in the years that followed, such as One More Chance, Blind Date, and Runaway. She portrayed Virgilia Hazard in books I and II of the ABC miniseries North and South in 1985.
Box office hit movie
Mark Harmon and Alley co-starred in the comedic movie Summer School in 1987. The movie was a box office hit, earning more than $35 million in the US.
She replaced Shelley Long in the cast of the NBC comedy Cheers later that year, and she stayed on the program through its eleventh and final season.
In the 1989 film Look Who's Talking, Alley co-starred with John Travolta. Over $295 million was made by the movie globally. They then produced Look Who's Talking Too and Look Who's Talking Now, two other movies with a similar subject.
David's Mother from 1994
Two Emmys have been given to Alley. She received two nominations in 1988 and 1990 for her work on Cheers before winning for the third time in 1991. Her second came from the television movie David's Mother from 1994. In 1995, Alley was honored with a motion picture star at 7000 Hollywood Boulevard on the Hollywood Walk of Fame for her achievements in the film industry.
In addition to acting as executive producer for the NBC sitcom Veronica's Closet from 1997 to 2000, Alley also portrayed the show's lead role. She spoke on behalf of Jenny Craig from 2005 to 2008 and Pier One from 2000 to 2004.
A sitcom starring Alley as a Broadway star and a new parent was broadcast on TV Land. The film, Kirstie, brought her and her former Cheers co-star Rhea Perlman and Michael Richards back together. The show had its premiere on December 4, 2013, and it aired for one season before being canceled five months later.
Alley was named a Dancing with the Stars candidate in February 2011. With Maksim Chmerkovskiy, she competed. They received 23 out of a possible 30 points for their first dance, a cha-cha-cha, giving them the second-highest score.
Alley and Chmerkovskiy's last dance, which was also a cha-cha-cha, was in May, and they received a flawless score of 30 out of 30 for it. In the end, Hines Ward, the winner of the NFL Super Bowl, finished ahead of Alley in second place.
For a second chance to win the mirrorball trophy with Maksim Chmerkovskiy, she also competed in Dancing with the Star's 15th season. They were the eighth couple to be booted out of the running. As “Baby Mammoth” of Team Cuddly in season seven of The Masked Singer in 2022, Alley participated.
Alley's Personal life
Bob Alley, who had the same name as her father through coincidence, and Alley were married from 1970 to 1977. They met in high school. On December 22, 1983, Parker Stevenson, an actor, and Alley got married.
After experiencing a loss, the couple adopted son William one week after his birth on October 5, 1992, and daughter Lillie in 1995.
The couple divorced in 1997. After her son William had a son of his own in 2016, Alley became a grandmother. In Islesboro, Maine, Alley owned the Mitchell Cottage, formerly known as the Islesboro Inn, from 1991 to 2020. It had 21 bedrooms.
Kirstie Alley's Earnings and Net Worth
American actress, model, and producer Kirstie Alley had a $40 million fortune at the time of her passing. Sadly, Kirstie Alley lost her fight with cancer on December 5, 2022, at the age of 71.
On the NBC sitcom “Cheers,” Kirstie Alley played Rebecca Howe, a role for which she will perhaps be best remembered. She won Golden Globe and Emmy Awards for the part.
Later, she was nominated for her work on the drama series “The Last Don” and the sitcom “Veronica's Closet,” and she won another Emmy for the television movie “David's Mother.” Movies including “Shoot to Kill,” “Look Who's Talking,” “Village of the Damned,” “It Takes Two,” “Deconstructing Harry,” and “Drop Dead Gorgeous” feature Alley on the big screen.


text:
Hello dear reader,
This week’s recap is a little bittersweet for me. On the one hand, Mr. Brock finally decided to show up to our game. On the other, I had to spend time with Mr. Brock. A real Catch 22.
This week, the Scoobers played a team called Skeeter. Because I’m a normal human who has a broad awareness of and appreciation for popular media AND because my mama definitely let my sisters and I watch Nickelodeon as kids and didn’t only let us watch PBS kids (shoutout to Sagwa!) because there were commercials for toys and was sick of us asking for dumb shit we saw in ads – as soon as I saw the other team’s yellow pants and red shirts with a lighting bolt, I immediately realized that their name was a reference to the kids cartoon Doug.
As we ALL know, Doug was a show about an imaginative boy named Doug, his crush Patty Mayonnaise, and his best friend named (say it with me) Skeeter.
This game was a lot like that one episode of Doug where he gets a haircut and his crush Patty Mayonnaise is at the salon and a woman named Fluke cuts his hair and a green bully and his cat make fun of him for getting a haircut and Skeeter recommends a place to get a haircut and then abandons him to go to a record store and then he gets the three hairs on his head cut and everyone celebrates and throws him a party except the green guy who yells FRESH CUT and punches him on the arm.
Except in this game, Jules had the sickest full extension layout in the end zone for a score and everyone threw HER a party instead of Doug and also no one got their hair cut.
Also, Skeeter came back from the record score and beat the Scoober Divers by about 3-4 points if I remember correctly, which I likely do not.
At the bar, Grant and the Divers had a discussion about who the hottest winter league team. My vote is for the Scoobers. Leave yours in the comments below!!
And that’s it! Big shout out to Christi and her (conditional) support!


American or Korean muscle? Which is faster in a straight line?
The 2011 HEMI Dodge Charger R/T has 370 horsepower and enough grunt to stop the earth’s rotation.
The 2011 KIA Sportage Turbo has 260 horsepower and goes from 0 to 60 in just a tic under 7 seconds. Both cars have all wheel drive, but the Dodge weighs about 1000 pounds more.
So which one is faster in a straight line…on a dirt road.
Watch the TFLcar mashup video below to find out.


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As you read this, roughly 56 million gallons of radioactive waste are sitting in underground tanks at the Hanford nuclear site in Eastern Washington. Some of the toxic sludge is slowly seeping into the soil, and could contaminate the Columbia River if nothing is done to fix the leak. The good news is the government is spending $12.3 billion to build a treatment plant that should address the problem. The bad news is that Bechtel Corp., the company hired to do the job, has consistently "underplayed safety risks" associated with the project and has committed to building "flawed" equipment and storage tanks.
Bechtel, the LAT reports, is under contract to build a treatment plant at Hanford that will convert millions of gallons of radioactive sludge into solid glass that, theoretically, could be "more safely buried at a future high-level waste dump." Unfortunately, the designs for the tanks and equipment that would process the sludge represent "such a massive risk that work should be stopped on that part of the construction project," according to the e-mails obtained by the LAT.
Of course, the scientists and engineers at Hanford and Bechtel who raised concerns about the flawed toxic-waste containment system have been treated like Milton from Office Space. One scientist at a Bechtel subcontractor was reportedly "put in a basement office with nothing to do" after he protested to his bosses that project was unsafe.
Two others, a senior onsite manager from the Department of Energy, and the president of the union that represents Hanford's scientists and engineers, have also spoken up about Bechtel's faulty work.
Here's more on that, via the LAT:
A series of tests with nonradioactive materials in the last year showed that the mixing system, designed to last 30 years without service, wore out in only a few months, according to McNulty and Energy Department documents.
If the mixers wear out or fail once highly radioactive material is flowing through the tanks, it would be theoretically impossible to fix the problem and could paralyze the project, the scientists say.
The tanks use pulse jet mixers, which engineers describe as giant turkey basters, to keep the sludge stirred, preventing plutonium from concentrating at the bottom and starting a chain reaction or producing explosive hydrogen gas. The pulse jet mixers have never been used in the United States, and failed in the recent tests to prevent material from building up at the bottom of tanks.
Naturally, despite all the scientists saying the "giant turkey basters" are a bad idea, Bechtel has been given a temporary go-ahead on the project from the Department of Energy. Bechtel officials, meanwhile, reportedly contend that "sticking to the current construction schedule would save money."


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Belk Theater | Charlotte, North Carolina
The heights of beauty in broadway show’s can be experienced this January in Charlotte, North Carolina when Tina the Musical comes to the incredible Belk Theatre at Blumenthal Performing Arts Center stage on Sunday 1st January 2023. One of the decade’s best-selling artists of all time, Tina Turner has won 12 Grammy Awards and her live performances have been experienced by millions, with more concert tickets sold than any other solo artist in music history. Even if you have never seen a Broadway show quite like this one, your positive experience is guaranteed as this is the ideal opportunity to see one of the favorite, live! Don’t miss out on this unique event! Click the Buy Tickets button below.
TINA – The Tina Turner Musical the incredible musical has launched onto stage for winter, 2023 and we think its possible that its BIGGER AND BETTER than before! Musical fanatics are already securing seats for this Sunday spectacular in January, this has always been a roaring success so don't you think you should take advantage of this opportunity? Going to see TINA – The Tina Turner Musical is such a brilliant way to let your hair down and its enjoyable for the whole family, this is a wonderful opportunity to surprise the family this winter! We were overjoyed to hear that TINA – The Tina Turner Musical is going to be hosted by the magnificent Belk Theatre at Blumenthal Performing Arts Center, North Carolina, Charlotte on Sunday 1st January 2023! Belk Theatre at Blumenthal Performing Arts Center is home to so many famous musicals so this night will be ideal for such grand venue…reviews tell you all you need to know..it's going to be such a ball, the favorite visit to see a musical ever! TICKET NUMBERS ARE LIMITED, so purchase incase you miss out, quickly click the 'get tickets' button to bag a set today!


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Slug Hefner’s Dirty Duck, the first Mystic C3800 out of the mold, is about to get a little sister.
Dirty Duck, delivered to Hefner earlier this year and recently displayed at the Fort Lauderdale International Boat Show—and part of Mystic’s fleet attending the Key West Offshore World Finals—was built as the “Mini Me” to Hefner’s 50′ Mystic of the same name, delivered a couple of years ago. Known officially as the C3801, the 38′ Duck is powered by twin Mercury Racing 400 outboards and features an open-cockpit seating configuration that company owner John Cosker describes as “a little bit different.” The cockpit of the C3800 is versatile—it can be built with an “open arrangement” with a flip-down lounge seat, or the traditional “two plus four” arrangement.
Now the second boat out of the mold (the C3802) has emerged from the paint booth, it will be rigged and offered for sale out through Mystic’s factory in DeLand, FL, by December. Aside from having a much different paint scheme than the first boat, this second C3800 features the traditional “two plus four” seating arrangement. According to Mystic sales and marketing manager Greg Weber, boat #2 will help Mystic show potential buyers what the C3800 looks like with both layout styles.
Meanwhile, boats #3 and #4 are currently in production, and Mystic currently has orders for eight of these C3800s.
(An artist’s rendering of the C3802, seen below, details the paint scheme. However, this rendering shows what the boat would look like with the “open cockpit” arrangement; in actuality, it will feature the traditional “two plus four” seating configuration.)

domain: hobby


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On Saturday, June 15, Autism Families CONNECTicut (AFC) is hosting Wings for Autism, a social learning experience for children and teens with autism, at Bradley International Airport. Wings for Autism is a program created by the Charles River Autism Support Center and is presented in partnership with AFC, Connecticut Airport Authority, Bradley International Airport, Southwest Airlines, Delta Airlines, JetBlue, and the Transportation Security Administration. The program begins at 6:45 a.m. and will end at 8:30 a.m.
Wings for Autism welcomes children on the autism spectrum - in a friendly, controlled environment - to the experience of traveling by plane. This social experience simulates the sights, sounds, and activities that a child and his or her family encounter from the moment they enter the airport, including check-in, waiting in line, security checks, boarding, sitting on a plane, arrival, and baggage retrieval. For a child or teen with autism who may be extremely sensitive to noise and commotion, this is an invaluable tool to "practice" a process that might otherwise result in sensory overload.
Travel by airplane is an experience that has previously felt "off limits" to many families with children and teens with autism spectrum disorders. AFC believes that all families should have the same opportunities to travel and experience life's wonders, including a trip to Disney World or a visit to a grandparent's home in another state.
Families can register for the June 15 event at Bradley Airport at http://www.autismfamiliesct.org. Space is limited.
Airport and airline staff have received training from The Charles River Center, Needham, Mass., and Autism Families CONNECTicut in methods for interacting with individuals with autism spectrum disorders. The program will serve over 50 registrants from the greater Hartford area.
Autism Families CONNECTicut is a nonprofit organization formed by parents and families of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). The mission is in the name. We CONNECT individuals with ASD to each other and the community by providing recreational opportunities, social activities and educational information. Visit our website http://www.autismfamiliesct.org or find us on Facebook and Twitter @AutismFamCT.
Wings for Autism was created by the Charles River Center, an affiliated chapter of The Arc, in collaboration with the Massachusetts Port Authority. For additional information about bringing Wings to an airport near you, please email firstname.lastname@example.org.

domain: psychology


FROM THE BLOGS:
Not so fast
The Weekly Standard's Jay Cost poo-poos the common view that President Obama is the favored candidate in this election, arguing that the incumbent's polling figures are only where they're at because of the pre-existing Democratic voting base.
The egghead is a spy, not a politician
Slate's Fred Kaplan rains on everybody's parade with seven reasons why the Petraeus-as-VP rumors are "preposterous."
The trouble in Syria involves more than just the Syrians
The New Yorker's Jon Lee Anderson argues that the most recent defections from Syria's top levels of administration quash any doubt that the conflict is anything but inherently sectarian, and worries aloud that the conflict could morph into a wider regional war.
Is there any tongue-twister worth $100,000?
The Daily Caller's Mickey Kaus speculates that Obama administration aide Michael Plouffe, who received money from a British-American firm with ties to illegal trading with Iran, might have been paid for more than just his stellar speaking skills.
OTHER NEWS SOURCES:
Palin's endorsement winning streak is over
Sarah Palin's most recent preferred candidate, former Missouri state Treasurer Sarah Steelman (R), lost her Senate primary on Tuesday, ending the former Alaska governor's streak of naming winning candidates, The Hill's Cameron Joseph reports.
State Department is worried about the sequesters
With lawmakers focused on the impact to the Pentagon from impending automatic cuts, a top State Department official warned Tuesday that sequestration would also devastate that department's ongoing national security missions, The Hill's Carlo Munoz reports.


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One of my absolute favourite blogs and go-to places for DIY inspiration is Little House on the Corner, by couple Christine and Jan who are renovating and restoring their Edwardian home up in Manchester.
I can’t even remember how I stumbled across their inspirational site but I absolutely love their dedication to the cause of period home renovation and kindness and generosity with tips on how to complete tasks, some of which aren’t always terribly glamorous but need to get done. They also very much appeal to my total anal retentiveness when it comes to working on the house which often makes Pete casts his eyes upwards in total despair, probably wondering why he can’t have a wife who will just settle for “best effort”.
When I feel like another project is beyond me, Little House on the Corner keeps me going and with this in mind I finally got around to painting the inside of our fireplace last weekend. Here’s a reminder of what our old, illegal gas fireplace looked like – lovely, no?
Since June when the installation was completed, we’ve been left with an almost-finished project, almost but not quite and we weren’t really sure how to move forward.
Before I go on I have to state here and now that Pete is not a painter. I don’t know why since I’m sure he would be very good at it but so far all the painting projects around the house have been completed by me, learning my trade as I go. He does lots of other things very well and is very thorough but painting is definitely left up to me.
We came across various posts online and on speaking to people about why generally the inside of fireplaces after log burner installations are either left as render or fitted out with plaster board – apparently plastering is not a solution since the heat from the log burner causes it to bubble. Who knows whether that’s really the case but anyway, we had a pretty messy rendered finish to contend with and it really didn’t do the log burner any favours in terms of appearance.
We’d been to specialist paint shops and researched online about what paint would be suitable to use, again bearing in mind how hot the surface will get. One such “specialist” told us that there is heatproof paint on the market but it only comes in black or grey and whilst I didn’t argue the case I thought to myself “don’t tell me people pay out a lot of money for these things only to paint their fireplaces black – no way!”
So I finally decided just go to it alone and do what I think is best – after all, if you don’t believe everything you read in the news, why should you believe everything you read on the internet? Here’s my simple steps to painting the inside of a fireplace, or any internal render:
- Prepare your surface – had the render been more professionally finished, I would have smoothed out any lumps and bumps with some sandpaper, before brushing or using the brush attachment on a hoover to suck up all the dust and small particles. As it was, my main concern was that if I started sanding it would all just come away so I brushed up any residue to make the area as clean as I could.
- Mix your seal – render is a very porous surface so you shouldn’t paint straight onto it. The best thing to do is water down the paint you plan to use, and again you’ll see different guidelines. I used a ratio of 60% paint to 40% water, mixing in a paint kettle. It’s really essential that you do use the right paint, a water-based matt emulsion such as this one is ideal.
- Don’t be disheartened if your paintwork looks patchy at this stage, remember you’re just sealing the render so you can then paint on to it properly. Two coats should be just fine, and be careful because it’s very runny! The coats won’t take long to dry and then you’ll be ready for the main paint.
- Add a first coat of your chosen paint. You should already notice how much easier it is to apply and how much brighter the space is looking.
- Leave to dry and preferably the next day add a second coat. You will almost certainly need 2 coats and depending on how it looks after a second coat, possibly even a third one.
I’m totally amazed what a different painting the fireplace has made, it looks so clean and modern now. Only time will tell how well the paint reacts to high temperatures but if I need to retouch it every 6 months or so that’s the price I’m willing to pay for a more attractive feature piece.
Oh, and my cleaning hack? I DID get spatters of paint all over the slate hearth and the log burner but my ceramic hob spray cleaner and ceramic hob cloth cleaned it up an absolute treat, both available from Lakeland. Also Johnson’s baby oil is wicked at giving a nice sheen to the hearth and stove, as is WD40.
Thank you Little House on the Corner for inspiring me to keep carrying on…now if only I could finish that staircase restoration project!
Click here to visit our webshop, DaisychainBaby


Spark Plug Problem
I have heard that 97-03 5.4L Triton engines have many problems with the spark plugs either blowing out, or breaking inside of the hole. What is a solution or a way to prevent this problem from happening? If i can get the plugs out i am going to replace the plugs with platinum plugs so they don't rust in place. Is this a viable solution or is there another known way of fixing this issue?


Check the thermal fuse on the blower housing for continuity. When your maytag gas dryer model mgdx655dw is no longer generating heat, your laundry routine can get a bit chaotic.
In other words, the electricity is working fine.
Maytag centennial gas dryer won't start. When i push the start button, the motor hums, but doesn't start the drum. Thank you for your question. Essentially, the thermostat will alternately turn on the heat source or the timer motor when the temperature has been satisfied.
This part functions to prevent the dryer from operating after the drive belt breaks. Maytag dryer hums, won't start. So, if your mgdc300xw1 dryer does not start.
If you don’t find any obstructions interrupting the appliance’s air circulation, it’s time. The door may not be closed all the way. So, why is my maytag dryer not starting?
My gas dryer is 10 years old, purchased in 2004. Light is on in the tumbler. However, when i push the buttons on the control panel to start the dryer, the.
Was the start button firmly pressed? How to troubleshoot why a maytag dryer is not working. However, some dryers have a switch that shuts off power to the dryer if the drive belt is broken.
Take the vent hose outside and clean it out. Was the correct cycle selected? My maytag dryer is not starting or not operating.
Maytag centennial gas dryer no heat it never fails: Last night i shut the dryer off manually when we went to bed. For example, if the dryer isn't producing heat, you'll want to make sure the 'fluff' setting is turned off.
Last week it stopped working. Maytag dryer mgdc400vw0 troubleshooting and repair help we’ve put together a list of symptoms for maytag dryer model mgdc400vw0 below. On gas and electric dryers that have an auto dry cycle, the cycling thermostat is often used to advance the timer as well regulate the drum temperature.
First, start the dryer and then listen for a humming noise. You only discover your dryer won’t start when a pile of wet laundry is waiting. It still spins but does not produce any heat to dry the clothes.
If you take the dryer apart and find that the belt is not broken, then the microswitch itself has failed. However, before you start disassembling your appliance to search for a possible malfunction, take a minute to rule out an airflow issue by inspecting your dryer’s venting system. This gas dryer has no thermal fuse or belt switch to prevent the motor from running.
My maytag centennial gas dryer will no longer heat up when turned on. It will also run non stop as if the timer is not working as well. Click on your symptom to see what causes it and how to fix it.
If it's open, check the vent and vent hose for a blockage before you replace it. Make sure the door latches shut and that the latch is functioning properly. I can rotate the drum by hand, so it isn't stuck.
Sounds like a possible door switch issue. Where do i go from here? If you have eliminated the above solutions and your dryer still won’t heat up, it’s time to check some parts.
Has a household fuse blown or circuit breaker tripped? If this switch fails, it could shut off power to the dryer even when the belt is not broken. Start by making sure power is on at your circuit breaker.
The top three symptoms for mgdc400vw0 are won't start, noisy, and no heat or not enough heat. Not only will your dryer click and not start, it won’t operate again until the belt is replaced. I have a maytag dryer model # medc300bw0 serial # m34120611 our timer switch stopped working on 2 of the settings then the only setting that it did work on started to buzz when we pushed the start button so i replaced starter button when we hit the starter button it doesn't engage and we hear a buzzing sound but it doesn't seem to be coming from the timer switch …
I am sorry you are having a problem with your maytag mgd5806aww gas dryer. The interior light turns on when i open the door, and it turns off when i close the door. Maytag dryers can feature dozens of various cycle options, and it's important to know which cycle has been selected when trying to solve dryer issues.
I have a maytag gas dryer (propane) model #mdg2706aww, serial #11458955ja, that we purchased back around 2008 or so. Try opening the door and see if you get get a code on the display and a beep and the code 8:88. The usual suspect would be the push to start switch,
Maytag centennial dryer won't start. Were the electronic touch controls (on some models) used correctly? I have a maytag gas dryer (propane) model #mdg2706aww, serial.
Even after two trys for about 1/2 second each, there is an electrical burn smell, so i suspect the motor. On most dryers, when the dryer belt breaks, the motor will still run, but the drum won’t turn. If the thermal fuse checks good and there is no blockage, check the door switch.
The wiring diagram below may be helpful in resolving this problem. Is the controls locked status light on (some models)? Maytag dryer mgdc300xw1 won't start or doesn't start won't start is the most common symptom for maytag mgdc300xw1.
Check the outside vent for a birds nest or anything blocking it. Before moving on to any of the below tests, be sure to turn off and unplug the dryer. If you have one of maytag’s gas models, you will need to close the gas valve to it.
The instructions below from diyers like you make the repair simple and easy. Is the door firmly closed/latched? Update 1/11/16 for others asking similar questions, unplug the machine for 5 minutes to allow it to reset.


Media & Learning Brussels 2011 – Programme Available
The Media & Learning Conference taking place in Brussels on 24 and 25 November 2011 is aimed at practitioners
and policy makers who want to find new and effective ways to use media to enhance the learning process.
The conference has three main themes; future trends and developments in media-supported learning,
digital and media production skills and competences including media literacy, and the use and
re-use of existing media resources in education and training at all levels.
The conference programme is now available online (http://www.media-andlearning.eu/programme). Keynote speakers include Flemish Minister for Education and Training
Pascal Smet and Belgian child psychiatrist Peter Adriaenssens who argues that creative education is
essential for the development of the brain and personality of children. Giving an insight into future
developments will be Richard Harper, Principal Researcher at Microsoft Research in Cambridge, UK
and Conor Galvin, from UCD in Ireland who has a keen interest in the impact of new and emergent
technology on learning and society. Nikos Theodosakis, Canadian author of “The Director in the
Classroom: How Filmmaking Inspires Learning» will be joined by Pere Arcas, Head of the department
of learning programmes and projects at Television of Catalonia in Spain. Donald Clark, e-learning
advisor and sometimes controversial commentator will present his ideas about using media to
support learning along with Lizbeth Goodman, Director and Founder of the SMARTlab Digital Media
Institute and MAGIC Multimedia and Games Innovation Centre in Ireland.
The programme for the conference includes screening sessions showing excellent examples of media
use in education and training from organisations like Thomson Reuters in the UK, TV.Klasse in
Belgium and FWU, the Institute for Film and Image in Science and Education in Germany as well as
the finalists in the MEDEA Awards 2011.
Media & Learning Circles are discussion sessions that will begin online before the conference, form
part of the programme in Brussels and will continue online for several weeks after the conference.
This year the discussion topics are:
• What is the best business model for a learning game?
• Can media make a difference in supporting early and special needs education?
• Re-imagining sacred cows: what are the implications of social networking on media and
• What impact does the move from a literacy culture to a media culture have on learning?
• What is the best way to create sustainable, media-rich learning repositories?
Practical workshop topics include schemes that involve students training teachers in setting up and
using social media tools and services, run by Bart Verswijvel from TeacherAid, identifying and using
video content from YouTube for learning purposes by Paul Ashton from Times Educational Services,
and designing and delivering media literacy campaigns by Paul Bottelberghs from Platform for
Presenters will include Daniel Tan Tiong Hok from Nanyang Technological University in Singapore
presenting recent developments in lecture recording, Elke Schlote, from Bayerischen Rundfunk in
Germany on the current status of educational TV and Mike O’Donoghue from the University of Harnessing the power of Media to support Learning
Manchester in the UK describing how best to design video for teaching and learning. Catharina
Bucht from the International Clearinghouse for Children, Youth and Media in Sweden will describe
young people in the digital media culture and the need for media literacy while Richard Holliman
from the Open University in the UK will talk about teaching media literacy for science
Conference participants are invited to come and play with different devices and software at Media &
Learning 2011 in a dedicated Play Area in the dining and networking space where they can try out
and use different devices and applications. Companies showing devices, apps and applications for
participants to try out in this area include Adobe, Microsoft and Apple. There will also be a quiz on
IPR where you can test your knowledge of how copyright operates in the learning sphere.
The MEDEA Awards Ceremony takes place alongside the conference on Thursday 24 November and
participants are welcome to join this event where the overall winners of this year’s competition will
Interaction and exchange are central to what the Media & Learning Conference is about. You can
join the online conference community to share knowledge and experience before, during and after
the conference and also join the active Media & Learning groups in Facebook and LinkedIn. We also
provide Pigeon, the SMS messaging service, during the conference which ensures you can easily get
in touch with other participants during the conference without revealing your mobile number.
Registration is now open and includes an opportunity to register for free by taking advantage of the
Media & Learning recommendation offer, get a refund on your registration fee by having your
friends and colleagues register with your registration code – if 4 or more do this, you attend for free!
To find out more about the Media & Learning Conference, visit the conference website here:
Flemish Ministry of Education Headquarters, Brussels
Media & Learning 2011 – Flemish Ministry of Education and Training Headquarters, Brussels – 24 & 25 November 2011
Conference organiser: ATiT, Leuvensesteenweg 132, 3370 Roosbeek, Belgium
www.media-and-learning.eu – email@example.com


CASHION, Oklahoma -- The Cashion City Council has asked the entire fire department to re-apply for their positions.
During a city council meeting Wednesday night, council members wouldn't say much about the request. They would only say an investigation is underway.
Earlier in June, the Cashion City Council voted to stop paying the fire chief. He was the only member of the department earning a salary.
There will be another city council meeting July 5.
Related Story: 6/9/11 Cashion Asks Fire Chief To Work For Nothing