|Publication number||US6171705 B1|
|Application number||US 09/373,298|
|Publication date||Jan 9, 2001|
|Filing date||Aug 12, 1999|
|Priority date||Feb 10, 1997|
|Also published as||CA2381407A1, CA2381407C, CN1270886C, CN1370113A, DE60011917D1, DE60011917T2, EP1218177A1, EP1218177B1, US6419774, US6696164, US6949295, US20020086172, US20040175554, WO2001012434A1|
|Publication number||09373298, 373298, US 6171705 B1, US 6171705B1, US-B1-6171705, US6171705 B1, US6171705B1|
|Inventors||David D'Arcy Clifford|
|Original Assignee||Dofasco, Inc.|
|Export Citation||BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan|
|Patent Citations (29), Non-Patent Citations (2), Referenced by (22), Classifications (35), Legal Events (5)|
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet|
This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/342,690, filed Jun. 29, 1999, and a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 8/947,030, filed Oct. 8, 1997, entitled STRUCTURAL PANEL WITH KRAFT PAPER CORE BETWEEN METAL SKINS, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,985,457, which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/038,816, filed Feb. 10, 1997, entitled CARGO VEHICLE WALL.
The present invention relates to laminate structural panels and, more specifically, to light-weight laminates having desirable structural characteristics.
Sheet steel is used extensively to form panels. The required structural characteristics, such as stiffness, vary depending upon the specific application. When higher stiffness values are required, the steel thickness is typically increased. Increasing sheet steel thickness, however, produces a panel which is not only heavier, but also more expensive.
A number of approaches have been taken in the past to provide improved structural characteristics of panels, without substantially increasing weight or materials cost. For example, composites of steel sheets having a solid polymer core have been used in applications where sound deadening and vibration dampers are required. The specific stiffness of polymer core products, however, is less than desirable.
In copending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 08/947,030, filed Oct. 8, 1997, entitled STRUCTURAL PANEL WITH KRAFT PAPER CORE BETWEEN METAL SKINS, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference, structural panels are disclosed which are laminate structures having metals skins separated by and bonded to an intervening layer of paper. The laminates described therein have high specific stiffness.
In copending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/342,690, filed Jun. 29, 1999, entitled CARGO VEHICLE WALL, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated by reference, truck trailers having walls formed of laminates of metal skins and paper are described. The truck walls provide good structural characteristics while still minimizing weight and cost.
In one aspect a structural laminate is provided having first and second skins of sheet metal. Each of the sheet metal skins has a thickness of at least about 0.005 inches. A fibrous core layer is provided between the sheet metal skins and is bonded to the skins. In one aspect, the fibrous core layer is impregnated with an adhesive resin which bonds the core layer directly to the skins. In another aspect layers of adhesive are placed between the core material and the skins which bonds the core to the skins. The resulting laminate structure is extremely lightweight compared to a single steel sheet of comparable thickness and strength.
In one aspect, the fibrous core is paper and the metal skins are galvanized steel to provide corrosion resistance.
In still another aspect, the fibrous core layer has a plurality of channels extending between the metal skins. These transverse channels are filled with adhesive to create adhesive bridges that further bond the skins to the core.
In still another aspect of the invention, a method of forming a structural laminate is provided. The method includes the steps of placing a fibrous core material between two metal skins and applying pressure to the trilaminate to promote bonding between the core and the metal skins. In one aspect a number of trilaminates are prepared which are then stacked one upon another and are then pressed to simultaneously bond the individual layers.
In still another aspect, the present invention provides non-planar laminates and a method of making non-planar laminates. The method includes the steps of forming a laminate by placing a fibrous core between the metal skins, providing a means for bonding the core to the skins and forming the laminate into a non-planar object using metal forming techniques. In one aspect the metal forming technique utilized is a die press. In one aspect, heat is applied to the laminate either before, after or during the die press operation.
FIG. 1 is a cross-section of the laminate of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-section of a laminate of the present invention, illustrating the use of adhesive channels.
FIG. 3 is a diagram depicting a press for bonding the individual layers into the inventive laminate.
FIG. 4 is a cross-section of the non-planar laminate of the invention.
FIG. 5 is a diagram depicting a die press forming the non-planar laminate of FIG. 4.
Referring now to FIG. 1 of the drawings, panel 20 is shown having metal skins 22 and intervening fibrous core 24. It will be appreciated that panel 20 is essentially a trilaminate structure having three distinct layers which cooperate to form a functional unit. The properties of this functional unit are superior to that of its individual elements as will be more fully described herein.
One preferred construction of panels 20 in which paper forms the fibrous core is fully described in the aforementioned U.S. patent application Ser. No. 08/947,030 filed Oct. 8, 1997.
Referring again to FIG. 1 of the drawings, in one preferred construction, skins 22 are most preferably formed of zinc coated steel, with each layer 22 having a thickness of about 0.005 inch or greater, preferably from between about 0.005 inch and about 0.030 inch and more preferably from about 0.005 inch to about 0.012 inch in thickness. In one embodiment intervening fibrous layer 24 preferably has a thickness of from about 0.01 inch and greater and preferably from about 0.01 inch to about 0.05 inch. Thus, the overall thickness of panel 20 in one embodiment will typically be between about 0.020 inch and about 0.110 inch. A panel having the dimensions set forth above in the description of FIG. 1 of the drawings and having the preferred layer thicknesses just described will typically have weight that is about 40-70% of the weight of a single sheet of steel of comparable dimensions and stiffness.
The individual layers shown in FIG. 1 will now be described in more detail. As stated, metal skins 22 generally will be flat having planar surfaces on each side. Metals which may be utilized to form skins 22 are preferably selected from the group consisting of steel, aluminum, copper alloys and various combinations thereof. Metals which provide adequate structural and (if required) corrosion resistance properties in the specific environment in which panel 20 is used, at the lowest cost, are most desirable. Most preferable is zinc coated sheet steel.
As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, steel comes in a number of grades based on the amount of carbon and other elements which it contains. Broadly these grades can be described as low carbon steel, medium steel and high carbon steel. Preferred for use herein are low carbon steel and low carbon micro-alloyed high-strength steel (HSLA). The most preferred metal skins for use in the present invention are cold rolled steel, galvanized steel, tin coated steel, and stainless steel. It may be desirable to utilize single sided galvanized sheet with a galvanized surface comprising the outer surface of skins 22 with the inner surfaces of the skins being bare metal for adhesion purposes. In one embodiment differential zinc coating is preferred, i.e. a light zinc coating on the inside surface and a heavier zinc coating on the outer surface. In one embodiment, zinc coated steel is cold rolled with zinc on the surface to the final thickness.
Layer 24 is a fibrous material. Although not wishing to be bound by any theory, it is believed that the fibrous nature of layer 24 may contribute to the desirable structural characteristics of panel 20, including resistance to delamination. As used herein, the term “fibrous,” without limiting its scope in the context of the invention, is intended to mean a generally homogeneous collection of fibers, either natural or synthetic, which can be formed into a sheet product.
The most preferred fibrous material for use herein as layer 24, a material which is believed to be unique among fibrous sheets, is paper. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, paper is essentially a matted or felted structure of fibrous material formed into a relatively thin sheet through the medium of a dilute suspension of pulp and water. It is composed essentially of cellulose fibers. Pulp for paper making can be prepared by grinding wood or other plant matter mechanically, by chemical processing (sulfite, kraft, or soda) and also by chemically treating cotton, linen and hemp rags, waste, straw, and the like.
In the present invention, paper formed using the kraft process is most preferred. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the kraft process (which may also be referred to as sulphate pulping or alkaline process) results in papers of high physical strength and bulk. One preferred paper is sold as saturating kraft paper, by Westvaco, of Charleston, S.C.
Also, as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, the average alignment of cellulose fibers in paper is controlled somewhat by the “machine direction” during production of the paper. It is believed that in the present invention the orientation of the paper in the laminates is a factor which may affect the stiffness and strength of the laminate. Most preferred are laminates where the machine direction of the kraft paper is a line parallel to a neutral axis of bending of the laminate.
Another class of fibrous materials for use herein is plastic-fiber paper. Unlike paper, plastic-fiber paper is a collection of synthetic (i.e., synthetic polymer) fibers formed into a sheet. For example, it can be made from 100 percent high-density polyethylene fibers by spinning very fine fibers and then bonding them together with heat and pressure. Nylon paper, such as Nomex type 410, is produced from short fibers (floc) and smaller binder particles (fibrids) of a high-temperature-resistant polyamide polymer, formed into a sheet product.
In one preferred embodiment of the invention, layer 24 is provided as a resin-impregnated fibrous material. Where layer 24 is kraft paper, the paper is saturated with a resin which is then dried. Most preferred for use herein is phenolic resin-impregnated kraft paper. Polyester resin impregnation may also be suitable in some applications. Methods of impregnating paper with resin will be well-known to those skilled in the art. In essence, the preferred resin-impregnated paper is formed by immersing a substrate paper web in liquid phenolic resin. Typically, layers of saturated impregnated paper are layered together to form a single layer of semi-cured impregnated paper. One method of producing resin-impregnated paper is described in Canadian Patent No. 2,203,200 which issued Oct. 22, 1997. Other methods of impregnation include coating and spreading the resin on the paper. Although it may be suitable or desirable in specific applications to go beyond the ranges set forth hereinafter with respect to the resin content layer 24, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention resin constitutes from about 15% to about 45% by weight of resin-impregnated layer 24.
In most instances thermosetting resins are preferred for use in impregnating paper layer 24, although in some applications thermoplastic resins may be acceptable. In the case of thermosetting resins, as stated the resin will generally be cured to B-stage prior to forming panel 20, but it may be possible to fully cure the impregnated paper prior to the laminate pressing operation (controlled heat and pressure) described below. In the case of a phenolic resin, the resin is cured to B-stage prior to lamination. It is then fully cured as skins 22 and impregnated paper core 24 are laminated together using the press. It may be suitable in some applications to include a number of standard additives in the resin such as curing agents, fillers and the like.
With or without resin impregnation of fibrous layer 24, it may be desirable or required to use a layer of adhesive to bond skins 22 to fibrous core 24. A number of adhesives may be suitable in specific applications, including epoxies, phenolics, isocyanates, polyurethanes, and hot-melts. A particularly preferred adhesive for this purpose is a nitrile phenolic sold as “Arofene 1166” from Ashland Chemical. The adhesive may be applied directly to layer 24 or to metal skins 22 or both by any number of methods. It is preferred to pretreat the steel with a conversion coating such as a complex oxide or zinc phosphate to improve bond integrity and corrosion resistance.
In another embodiment, and referring now to FIG. 2 of the drawings, fibrous layer 24 of laminate 30′ has a plurality of holes 26 extending therethrough. In some applications, holes 26 provide adhesive “bridges” as more fully described in the aforereferenced U.S. patent application Ser. No. 08/947,030.
Referring now to FIG. 3 of the drawings, one method of assembling skins 22 and layer 24 is shown using press 28. Press 28 includes platens 30 which move towards one another in the customary manner using hydraulics or the like. Platens 30 are preferably heatable so both heat and pressure can be applied to the laminates to cure the resin and bond the adhesive. More specifically, in FIG. 3 two metal/fiber/metal panels 32 and 34 are shown stacked upon each other. As stated above, the phenolic resin in layer 24 is at the B stage of cure prior to the press operation and heated platens 30 complete the cure of the phenolic resin during the pressing process. Also it is to be understood that while a single layer 24 is shown in the drawings, typically several sheets of fibrous material will be stacked on top of each other to build layer 24 up to the preferred thickness. In some applications it may be desirable to place a layer of adhesive between each sheet forming layer 24.
Referring again to FIG. 3 of the drawings, after a number of metal/fiber/metal laminates are stacked (preferably from 5-20), the press closes to apply pressure to the stack. The times, temperatures and pressures will vary widely depending upon thicknesses of skins 22 and layers 24, types of resin used to impregnate the central layer, and the type of adhesive used, if any, between the central layer and the metal skins. Most preferably, the temperature used should be adequate to cure the phenolic resin fully and assure bonding of the adhesive layers, if any. For phenolic resin impregnated paper the temperature is preferably between about 300° F. and 350° F. in a low pressure press, 25 to 400 psi and more preferably, 25 to 100 psi. The time required with these preferred temperatures and pressures in order to form securely bonded laminates typically will be between 15 and 60 minutes. That is, heat and pressure will be applied typically for a period within this range. After the pressed stack has cooled, it is removed from the press, individual panels are then separated.
In some applications, a sizing agent may be added to layer 24 to improve its resistance to water and to enhance interfiber bonding. Flame retardants such as those based on combinations of bromine, chlorine, antimony, boron and phosphorous may also be added to layer 24.
Turning now to FIG. 4 of the drawings, the method of forming non-planar laminate objects in accordance with the present invention will be explained. It will be appreciated that in some applications, the laminate panels of the present invention may substitute for a metal section which is not a flat sheet. Therefore, in one embodiment of the present invention provides a non-planar laminate 36. As used herein, the term “non-planar” shall mean a geometry other than a flat sheet (as is the laminate panel prior to the metal forming operation). Non-planar laminate 36 is shown for illustration purposes as a hat-shaped section having metal skins 38 bonded to opposite sides of fibrous core layer 40. The individual layers and their means of assembly into a trilaminate suitable for serving as a blank in the metal forming operation are the same as described above in connection with FIGS. 1 and 2 of the drawings.
In FIG. 5 of the drawings a simple die press 42 is shown having male (44) and female (46) die components. A planar metal/fiber/metal blank is placed on the female half of the die. The male die portion of the press is then used to form non-planar laminate 36 by closing press 42. In some instances, the individual layers (metal/fiber/metal) will be preassembled in the laminated state and used as a blank. In other instances, it may be suitable to form a stack of unbonded or partially bonded layers (i.e., metal/fiber/metal) which are then simultaneously bonded together or subsequently bonded together and formed to shape as they are pressed (with or without heat). It may also be suitable to partially bond the layers together with an adhesive having sufficient tack strength and then fully bond the laminate in the paint bake cycle.
While particular embodiments of this invention are shown and described herein, it will be understood, of course, that the invention is not to be limited thereto since many modifications may be made, particularly by those skilled in this art, in light of this disclosure. It is contemplated, therefore, by the appended claims, to cover any such modifications as fall within the true spirit and scope of this invention.
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|U.S. Classification||428/464, 52/309.9, 428/76, 428/75|
|International Classification||B32B15/04, B32B15/14, B32B15/08, E04C2/26, B62D29/00, B62D33/023, B32B15/12|
|Cooperative Classification||Y10T428/31703, Y10T428/31678, Y10T428/31515, Y10T428/31504, Y10T428/31681, Y10T428/249924, Y10T428/31714, Y10T428/31522, Y10T428/239, Y10T428/12444, E04C2/26, Y10T428/238, Y10T428/24322, B32B15/08, B62D29/00, B62D33/023, B32B15/04, B32B15/12|
|European Classification||B32B15/04, B62D33/023, B62D29/00, E04C2/26, B32B15/08, B32B15/12|
|Aug 29, 2000||AS||Assignment|
Owner name: DOFASCO, INC., CANADA
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:CLIFFORD, DAVID D ARCY;REEL/FRAME:011143/0867
Effective date: 20000816
|Jul 7, 2004||FPAY||Fee payment|
Year of fee payment: 4
|Jul 21, 2008||REMI||Maintenance fee reminder mailed|
|Jan 9, 2009||LAPS||Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees|
|Mar 3, 2009||FP||Expired due to failure to pay maintenance fee|
Effective date: 20090109


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domain: entertainment


text:
17gallon cube heavily planted
Tropica powder soil
Cycle completed 1 month ago
I had 0 ammonia and Everytime I added ammonia it would go to zero within 24-48hours max
Planted everything last week and 2 days ago Iíve been adding tropica specialized liquid fertilizer half the weekly dosage split everyday and Iím testing 0.25 ammonia on API test kit and itís new test kit I tried another API both shows same.
Is it registering ammonia or could it be ammonium? From the fertilizer? Because on salifert test kit the chart is really bad but showing less then 0.25 since I canít tell color different 0-0.25
oh and the Tropica liquid fertilizer is about 2 years old since itís from my old tank that I use to use
Can liquid fertilizer cause an ammonia spike in tank?
Tropica specializes ferriliser has ammonium inside and itís a heavily planted cycled new tank since a month and half but plants went in last week and I have ammonia 0.25 after adding daily dosage half the dosage
Last edited by Darkblade48; 04-22-2018 at 04:16 AM.
Reason: Please use the edit function for back to back posts to keep threads cleaner

domain: chemistry


text:
New Delhi: Over the past few weeks, the diary of Sonam Wangchuk, a 28-year-old member of parliament in Bhutan’s upper house, has been filled with phrases like ‘border posts’, ‘passenger traffic’ and ‘repository’. As chairman of the upper house’s legislative committee, Wangchuk already presided over a series of meetings with various stakeholders that hold the key to the implementation of South Asia’s critical sub-regional pact – and to the success of Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s pet foreign policy project.
The vision of a seamless cargo and passenger vehicles corridor moving across the eastern part of the Indian subcontinent has been at the heart of the sub-regional initiative of four South Asian countries, with the awkward acronym of BBIN – Bhutan, Bangladesh, India and Nepal.
Two years ago at the SAARC summit in Kathmandu, Modi had said that regional integration in South Asia would go ahead “through SAARC or outside it, among all of us or some of us”. By the time Modi made that speech, it was clear that the SAARC Motor Vehicles Agreement (MVA), whose text had been finalised would not be signed at the 2014 summit, as Pakistan had raised last minute objections.
Islamabad’s obstruction triggered India’s search in the eastern part of the subcontinent for a rare kind of animal in these parts – an efficient, effective model of regional cooperation in which all member states are on the same page. The Kathmandu Declaration also allowed for the initiation of ‘sub-regional measures’ for connectivity projects to South Asia and contiguous regions.
The BBIN motor vehicles agreement, with the help of technical assistance from the Asian Development Bank, was to be the first showcase pact for this new era of sub-regional cooperation in South Asia. Over five years, 30 road projects were to be implemented at a cost of $8 billion – to fill in, and upgrade, connectivity gaps.
Eight months after missing its deadline, it is clear that the BBIN motor vehicles agreement will take longer than expected to see the light of the day. Certainly, not this year.
It is obvious now that there was an over-estimation about Bhutanese enthusiasm for the motor vehicles pact, overlooking the instinctive vulnerability of a small state surrounded by much larger neighbours.
The BBIN motor vehicles agreement (MVA) had a contentious passage through the national assembly. Now, the spotlight has moved to the national council. The council, comprising of 25 ‘independent’ members with no party affiliations, has never been a mere rubber stamp. So, the decision of the national council on the legislation to ratify the BBIN motor vehicles agreement cannot be taken for granted.
“Till date, we haven’t reached any decision in the committee. We are still going on with stakeholder meetings and hearing the views from the public,” Wangchuk told The Wire.
In the last one month, the national council’s legislative committee has had at least four meetings on the MVA – with the line ministries, taxi operators, industry representatives and also the attorney general’s office. Wangchuk’s Facebook profile recorded his current insistence on understanding the nitty-gritty of the sub-regional pact. He even posted a photograph of a page of notes from his diary, recording his meeting on July 18, where his questions and clarifications given by ministry officials were legible.
“This is my personal concern [about the agreement], not on behalf of the committee. It is good to have such an agreement to strengthen our trade relations. However, I am concerned about the carrying capacities and infrastructure, since Bhutan is small country,” he told The Wire.
Wangchuk’s worries are a common one in Bhutan, which has for decades pursued a policy of calibrated opening up to the world. But the pace of integration with the outside world has accelerated in the 21st century.
Over the last 15 years, vehicle ownership in Bhutan has increased by 233%. Vehicle sales have again picked up since 2013, after the rupee crisis moved sale figures south. Incidentally, Bhutan, at 91, has the highest per capita vehicle ownership among SAARC countries. The road network has expanded exponentially – from just 1,500 kilometres to about 12,000 kilometres in 40 years.
As traffic congestion and jams become common place in Bhutanese conversation, there is rising alarm about vehicle growth out-pacing infrastructure, and causing serious damage to Bhutan’s green cover.
Concerns and concessions
The BBIN motor vehicles agreement has heightened those anxieties among a substantial population, with its imagery of borderless travel fueling the fear of being swamped by vehicles from populous India and Bangladesh.
“We are for the BBIN motor vehicles agreement. We don’t oppose it as a private sector. We see it as something which will facilitate economic growth,” Bhutan Chamber of Commerce and Industry (BCCI) secretary general Phub Tshering, told The Wire on the telephone from Thimpu. “But, as an LDC and land-locked country, we would like to have special concessions under the protocols,” he added. The BCCI, along with the Tourism Council of Bhutan and All Bhutan Tour Operators, met with the council’s legislative committee members on August 2.
The transporters of Bhutan had been the main agitators against the agreement. When the taxi operators met with the council’s legislative committee on July 26, the complaints poured out in a torrent.
“Given the current road condition and infrastructure capacity, the taxi association expressed deep concern about the increasing vehicles from the neighbouring countries, the traffic congestion, air pollution, waste management and poor travel experience for the passenger,” said a communique issued after the meeting.
The taxi operators pointed out that there had been a sharp rise in road accidents as the surface of the road between Kharbandi and Phuntsholing had already been damaged due to heavy vehicles plying for the nearby hydropower projects under construction. “The situation could get worse with the agreement,” argued the taxi operators, referring to the higher traffic load which will be added onto Bhutanese roads.
A reprise of these concerns took place less than a month after Bhutan’s prime minister, Tshering Tobgay, and information and communications minister, D.N. Dhungyel, stood up in the national assembly and gave a solemn assurance.
For the Bhutan government, the main counter-argument has been that the protocols – which are still to be finalised – will take care of most these concerns by stipulating limits on the number and types of vehicles, the timing and entry points at border, and identify the corridors.
When four ministers from Bangladesh, Bhutan, India and Nepal signed the BBIN motor vehicles agreement at the Hotel Le Meriden, Thimphu on June 15, 2015, they also agreed on the road map, which now seems absurdly optimistic. The protocols were to be finalised by August 2015, and phased implementation would begin by October last year.
BBIN and the Bhutanese parliament
Four months after the signing of the pact, the bill to validate the BBIN motor vehicles agreement was first tabled in Bhutan’s parliament in November 2015, Bhutanese industry associations had not yet articulated their disapproval in an organised way, but the rumblings were growing louder.
On November 17, even as opposition members asked for a delay in the consideration of the bill to address their apprehensions, the national assembly endorsed the BBIN motor vehicle agreement with 22 votes in favour, 14 against and three abstentions. Within three days, the approval was revoked, on technical grounds. It was determined that the vote had violated the constitution which called for majority of all the 47 assembly members – not a majority of the sitting MPs.
Two days later, on November 22, the Bhutanese capital witnessed the entry of the maiden BBIN friendship rally.
At the function to welcome the rally participants, Gautam Bambawale, who was India’s ambassador at the time and is now posted to Islamabad, made a very unusual, direct appeal to Bhutanese MPs to approve the agreement – starkly demonstrating its importance to New Delhi.
The senior Indian diplomat said that studies have shown that ‘misgivings and concerns’ of a ‘huge influx of vehicles and tourists’ would not happen. “There is a slow but steady increase in trade, tourism and vehicular traffic which is quite manageable for smaller countries. Evidence shows that Luxembourg and Switzerland, the smaller countries in Europe have gained greatly from regional economic integration. The same is true in East and South-East Asia. So let me urge Bhutan’s leadership to ratify and endorse the BBIN motor vehicles agreement,” he advocated. Observers claimed that it was perhaps the first time that a foreign envoy had ‘advised’ Bhutan’s parliament.
India’s interest in BBIN finding its footing is partly to showcase a regional success story for Modi’s ‘neighbourhood first’ policy. It also has a deeper strategic dimension, as it finally gives options for shorter trade routes between the eastern and the north-eastern parts of India. While granting transit to India has been controversial in Bangladesh in the bilateral context, Dhaka and New Delhi have been able to develop the long-dreamt of corridor under the cover of the BBIN framework.
The deferring of the bill till the 2016 summer session of parliament allowed the government of Bhutan to hold a series of meetings with taxi owners, truck operators and businessmen. But, it also gave an opportunity to the Bhutanese opposition leaders to highlight inherent concerns about the agreement among the people.
Bhutanese social media was also active with quick ‘hot takes’, mostly highly critical of the agreement. One much-shared Facebook post was a long write-up on how vehicles from neighbouring countries would impact the environment and transport sectors. The attached pictures showed parked tourist buses with Indian number plates, traffic jams and an Indian traffic cop accepting a bribe. One of the pictures showed four wheel drives, with Indian number plates, parked cheek by jowl on a tourist site. It had a single telling comment, “Once I thought its in Sikkim”.
Ahead of the parliamentary summer session, Bhutan’s only English newspaper, Kuensel, wrote in an editorial that it was more important to “ensure local economic and social concerns are taken into account when the protocols of the agreement are determined”. “If this takes another year or two, so be it,” it added. The tone was much less celebratory than the earlier editorial a year ago – “win-win BBIN”.
After long hours of debate, the national assembly again voted for the second time on the bill on June 22. It sailed through with 28 votes, 10 against and three abstentions.
It was not a smooth passage again, with the government having to answer several questions.
“We asked the government for some detailed report on the possible impact of joining BBIN on the economy, environment, culture and law and order, governance issues… So, we had a set of questions for the government on all these aspects. The report that they have submitted or informed us is not adequate enough to satisfy our concerns,” Pema Gyamtsho, leader of the opposition in Bhutan’s national assembly told The Wire. “Till now, we have been able to maintain a reasonable quality of environment. We are also taxing our vehicles heavily, green tax, to deter increase in vehicles. So all this needs to be sorted out”.
“How will it increase regional trade for us?”
In parliament, Prime Minister Tobgay assured MPs that the protocols, which are under negotiation, will enshrine the principle that cargo vehicles from Bangladesh and Nepal will remain parked at the border, but there won’t be such reciprocal restrictions on Bhutanese vehicles.
But, Gymatsho was sceptical as to whether other member states will accept this kind of bargain. “That is the kind of understanding that we have been given (by government). If that is the understanding, then what is the advantage of signing BBIN? You should know that Bhutan imports a lot. Apart from some agricultural products and electricity, we hardly export anything. So, we have to also ask this questions. What goods can we take to some of those other countries? How will it increase regional trade for us?”
When The Wire asked BCCI secretary general about the main benefit for Bhutan from the BBIN MVA, he said that it would lower prices of goods. “If the agreement is implemented, the cost of transportation will come down substantially,” he said.
A report published in the Economic and Political Weekly in December 2015 found that trade among BBIN countries was “plagued by high costs and wastage of time”. The author, Prabir De of the Delhi based think-tank, Research and Information System for Developing Countries (RIS), studied three regional trade corridors and found that they involved a relatively higher number of procedures and documents.
One of the three corridors was from Bhutan’s Phuentsholing to Jaigon in West Bengal and lastly Burimari in Bangladesh. The export of Bhutanese oranges through this corridor to Bangladesh requires 32 procedures, 95 documents, 18 days and cost $569.84 per TEU (container).
Even if the benefits of the MVA are tangible in the future, scepticism is widespread.
Gyamtsho felt that the Bhutanese government had not done enough to consider the concerns of the people. “Consultations was done mostly with the transport operators, truck owners, taxi drivers and so on. And even they were not satisfied by the views of the government and of course, we have to be representative the views of the public. And if there have serious concerns, we cannot blindly vote for the BBIN motor vehicles agreement”.
He asserted that Bhutan’s main priority should be to work out a better protocol for vehicle movement in Bhutan – with India. “What we said is that is that our biggest concern is relations with India, as we share immediate borders with India. Basically we need to work out a suitable agreement that will be mutually beneficial to India and Bhutan in terms of number of vehicles in terms of types of vehicles, given Bhutan’s unique situation, small, mountainous and of course, our distinctive policy”.
India, Gyamtsho stressed, “should understand Bhutan’s situation in terms of the lack of competitiveness, size of economy, be it the number of vehicles, the inflow and outflow of trade”.
Bhutan’s leader of opposition felt that the BBIN initiative should have started with cooperation in less complicated areas like education and agriculture and climate change. “A motor vehicles agreement is a more complex one in terms of its implications, as it cuts across all sectors, people to people, transportation, tourism, trade”.
On June 29, the Paro Taxi Association sent a letter to the national council chairperson to not approve the agreement.
An industry expert, who has been closely involved in the talks over the sub-regional pact, felt that the “biggest mistake” was to include ‘individual’ passenger vehicles at the initial stage. “Typically, it is very easy to monitor cargo vehicles which are not very large in number and what are called scheduled passenger vehicles, basically buses. When you have unscheduled passenger vehicles, that is, apna gadi to cross the border, there will be hundreds… All of that is very complicated,” he explained to The Wire.
The advice from private industry to regional policy makers has been to make country-specific prescriptions. “In case of Bhutan, you can do away with passenger vehicles altogether… Or designate Paro and one other as entry points”.
Currently, trucks from India are allowed to carry goods until Phuentsholing within a range of five kilometres. The goods are then lifted by local trucks and transported to the rest of the country.
“If you take out the main entry points like Paro, in the interiors of Bhutan, the volumes (of cargo) do not justify heavy traffic. Road infrastructure will not support it, any way,” he said.
Incidentally, at the meeting of the BBIN nodal officers in Dhaka on March 29, Bhutan had apparently got a nod from the other three countries that cargo vehicles will run till the border town of Phuentsholing. There was no understanding reached on a passenger vehicles protocol at that time.
For former Bangladeshi diplomat Tariq Karim, the news about Bhutan’s lower house finally endorsing the BBIN motor vehicles pact was quite welcome. “I am overjoyed… I am not unduly worried by the slight delay. It is more important that these initiatives have popular support, as all SAARC countries are functioning democracies which must respect the will of the people,” said Karim, who is now an adviser to the World Bank on South Asian regional integration.
“The fact that the Bhutanese parliament took time to carefully consider all aspects of the agreement before giving assent to it imparts greater strength and lends intrinsic resilience to this land-mark and game-changing agreement, in the same way that the unanimous ratification by both houses of the Indian parliament of the historic Bangladesh-India LBA and its protocol had done last year,” he added. Karim had been the Bangladesh high commissioner to India from 2009 to 2014 when the two government finally mustered the political will to work towards implementation of the long-pending land boundary agreement.
While the MVA is the first sub-regional pact in South Asia, the BBIN countries are already branching out into railway connectivity and power grids. Karim hopes that they will also consider joint river basin management.
“Our region has been left far behind by the rest of the world; but I am confident that if we can demolish the divisive mindsets that held us back and work collectively towards our mutually shared goals of development and all-round well-being, all peoples engaged in these endeavours will benefit immensely and the quality of their lives will improve vastly. The BBIN MVA is, hopefully, a good start in that direction,” he told The Wire.
The efficacy of customs checks
Bangladesh has been the most enthusiastic supporter of the BBIN motor vehicles agreement, pushing to get it off the ground at the earliest. And they have been using all their diplomatic capital to persuade Bhutan to sustain the momentum. Even when Bangladesh’s president, Abdul Hamid, visited Thimpu in early July, BBIN was on top of his mind.
In November last year, the Indian government contracted international logistics company DHL Global Forwarding to do the pilot cargo run for the BBIN motor vehicles agreement. The route chosen for the truck carrying both international and domestic cargo was Kolkata to Agartala, via Dhaka – replacing a previous circuitous road of 1550 km to less than half of 640 kilometres. As per DHL, the entire journey took only 52 hours, including customs checks.
An official involved in the pilot run admitted that the timing may not be the best indicator, as the process was “highly facilitated”. “There was a pilot car escorting the truck. Then the customs officers were very efficient. That’s not exactly how things work in real time”.
In fact, DHL has suggested that the best case scenario to make cargo runs more efficient would be to eliminate customs checks at the border. It will save a half a day while moving across each border.
Instead, the trucks should be checked and sealed at a big city like Kolkata. “At the border, only the seal is checked. Then at Dhaka, Bangladeshi custom opens the seal and whatever is meant for Bangladesh is cleared at Dhaka. Maybe, Bangladesh is sending some stuff to India’s north-east. Those would be loaded and resealed. Again at Indian border, only the seal is checked and then another last customs check is done at Agartala,” Deutsche Post-DHL’s senior director for corporate public policy in South Asia, Pritam Banerjee explained.
While the Indian side seemed open to considering this proposal, it can only be formalised after all the four BBIN countries agree to include this in the protocols.
And, the negotiations for the protocols have not progressed significantly in recent months, as per sources.
“After we did the pilot cargo run, we got hundreds of calls. People were interested to move cargo to Bangladesh. Actually, the India-Bangladesh route is the one which has the maximum volume. Nepal-Bhutan has more modest volume. All of us in the industry want the protocols to be finished fast,” Banerjee said.
According to Prabir De, even if the all formal guidelines and corridors are in place, the implementation will suffer if the border set-up is not upgraded.
“Why do we need these connectivity corridors? These will facilitate trade, so the price of goods will be cheaper and the quality will be better. People will be buying the goods, trade increases and more money circulates in the region, ultimately improving the quality of life. But, if the border infrastructure does not improve, these corridors don’t work,” said De, an expert on intra-regional trade and transport facilitation.
He noted that South Africa and Mozambique had identified several trade corridors, but they remain non-functional. “The technology capital to manage these corridors, we don’t have these… It will be taken up,” he said.
But the first step towards that envisioned future will only be completed, once both houses of Bhutan’s parliament ratify the BBIN motor vehicles agreement.
For now, the dates for the winter session beginning in November have not yet been decided, but the tentative agenda is already out. On day 8 of the national council’s 18th session, there is only one item listed for consideration – “Ratification of Motor Vehicles Agreement for the Regulation of Passenger, Personal and Cargo Vehicular Traffic between Bangladesh, Bhutan, India and Nepal”.
The decision of the national council’s legislative committee will be presented as a report to the upper house, and the full house will debate and vote on the bill. Till then, the region will see a lot of collective holding of breath, as the fate of one of South Asia’s key connectivity pacts hangs in balance.

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How to Choose the Right Accident Attorney in Reno, Nevada
If you have been involved in an accident in Reno, Nevada, you may be wondering what your next steps should be. One of the most important things you can do is to find a reputable accident attorney to represent you. With so many attorneys in Reno to choose from, it can be difficult to know where to start. However, with a little research and some key considerations, you can find the right accident attorney to help you navigate the legal process and get the compensation you deserve.
When choosing an accident attorney in Reno, experience is key. Look for an attorney who has a track record of successfully representing clients in cases similar to yours. This can give you confidence that your attorney knows the ins and outs of accident law and will be able to provide effective representation.
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A good accident attorney will be an effective communicator. They should be able to explain legal concepts in a way that you can understand, and they should be responsive to your questions and concerns. Look for an attorney who is willing to take the time to answer your questions and who communicates clearly and regularly throughout the legal process.
Choose an Attorney Who Focuses on Accident Law
Finally, it’s important to choose an attorney who specializes in accident law. Accident law is complex and requires specialized knowledge and experience. An attorney who focuses on accident law will be better equipped to handle your case and will be up-to-date on the latest legal developments.
In conclusion, finding the right accident attorney in Nevada requires some research and consideration. Look for an attorney with experience, a good reputation, effective communication skills, and a focus on accident law. With the right attorney on your side, you can navigate the legal process with confidence and get the compensation you deserve.

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Hello again, everyone!
Now for a proper introduction to another of our furry— or rather feathered— friends. This is Ladybird, my female cinnamon Cockatiel. She is approx. 8-9 years old and was given to me by a friend who was moving. I’ve owned her for about a year now, I believe it’s been. Now these aren’t the best photos of her but I’ll try to get more of her sometime. I had never owned a Tiel, as they are affectionately called, before but when I was about 7-8 years old, our parents bought me and my sisters each a budgie. J. G., my older sister, and I both had blue males; and P. C. my younger sister, had a green female whom she dubbed Tweety. Mine was named Stuart Little. They were by no means tame but I loved to watch them and listen to them. Tweety was constantly picked on by the other two and she died after a year. Stuart lived a bit longer and he was with me for about 2 1/2 years. J.G.’s reached the ripe old age of 5.
I had studied Cockatiels for some time before my friend asked me if I would like to give Ladybird a home. As you can imagine, I was ecstatic when my parents said that yes I could give her a home. So that’s how Ladybird came to be with me. She’s a very, very, VERY sweet bird and would like nothing better than to cuddle with you. She’s very tame but she does have her off days now and then. Her favorite toys are papers to shred; and her favorite thing to do is ride around on my dad’s shoulder and have her head scratched. Another of her favorite things to do are taking showers and staring at herself in a mirror, admiring her smooth feathers. She lets you know when she’s done with her food bowl by un-hooking it off the bars and chirping loudly. Her favorite treat is millet. Ladybird also likes spending her spare time watching the fish in the tank and exploring the bedroom floor when the dogs aren’t around. My friend’s mom said Ladybird can say “I love you” but I haven’t heard her say it yet, and she can do “Yoo-hoo” and wolf whistles. And here she is! Miss Ladybird!
~ P. H. Burdette

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Montenegro may not be a big country when it comes to its size, but her natural beauties speak in the name of the whole Montenegro. It is mainly mountainous country with astonishing mountain peaks, beautiful mountain rivers, canyons and other gems of nature. With these characteristics, you can only imagine how beautiful panoramic views are!
Oh, that beautiful hiking. Tough but always beautiful! We meet again. This won’t be a long post since the most things you can learn about winter hiking are the facts you’ll hear from our professional hiking guides and group leaders once you come to Montenegro for a hike.
Rafting down Tara river isn’t the only chance of fun you’ll get to experience if you decide to visit Tarasport rafting camp. No, it’s just the beginning of an amazing rafting adventure on Tara river which contains many excitements and little adventures. One of them is our beautiful rafting camp in Bastasi bay.
We’re all about nature. You probably got this from our blog posts in the past. We love nature so much that we want to talk about it with you, even though it doesn’t necessarily include nature we can offer to you. This is why we decided to make a little list of the most beautiful canyons in the Balkans.
One of many concerns that our visitors usually have before they finally come to our adventure club in Montenegro, is the one about proper clothing and preparation for zip-line adventure. Ziplining can be perceived as extreme, so many adventurers were worried if zip-line is safe, or what can they do to make the

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Last update on October 2, 2022 // Source: Amazon API
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Yup, it’s official, Japanese beetles (Popillia japonica) have returned to infest Colorado gardens — albeit perhaps a bit later than usual, some gardeners have noticed.
The shiny, round, invasive pests typically show up in June and stick around all summer — what’s worse, the most reliable method for getting rid of them is waking up at the crack of dawn and plucking them off your plants one by one (ew) and then drowning them in a bucket of water.
Central Denver resident Carol LaRoque gets rid of her bugs in a slightly different way — by feeding them to her neighbor’s chickens, who quickly gobble them up (the animals are noted in numerous sources as an excellent and efficient natural beetle repellent). She said she’s plucked only about a dozen beetles off her roses so far, but is certain this is just the beginning.
“It does seem like they emerged later this year,” she noted. “I didn’t write down the date last year, but it seemed like by some time in late June, we had already had them last year.”
Colorado gardeners have been quick to raise the alarm about the return of the leaf- and flower-hungry fiends. Colorado State University’s Master Gardeners have been posting about them on social media since June 29, with a few helpful fact sheets about controlling them and keeping them out (The Denver Post has its own guide here), but they have so far been fewer in number.
The late beginning to beetle season in some areas may be due to the dry winter Colorado experienced, according to Richard Levy, a scientific data manager at the Denver Botanic Gardens, where Japanese beetles are just now beginning to show up.
Japanese beetles lay their eggs in turf grass, where they spend 10 months in the larval stage underground. Frozen, barren soil uninsulated by snow for long periods of time can lead to later adult beetle emergence from the ground, and that may be what some areas are seeing now.
Although they appear to be leaving the rose bushes alone in favor of the hollyhocks (for now), Denver Botanic Gardens communications director Erin Bird recalls garden volunteers having to scoop off hoards of beetles by this time in years past.
Oh — and hand plucking and natural remedies really are best — spraying pesticides will end up doing more harm to your yard and garden than the beetles will. Some gardeners have turned to replacing their lawns with native plants to avoid providing the perfect place for new eggs to hatch.
Japanese beetles have been active in the Denver metro, Boulder, and Pueblo for over six years now. As adults, they feed on the flower blossoms and leaves of over 300 different types of plant species. Their larvae chow down on plant roots — particularly the roots of Kentucky bluegrass. And while their appearance may have been delayed, beware — they’re likely on the move to a rose bush near you.
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If like most chess players you have a limited amount of time that you can spend studying, but you still want to push for an advantage with White, then the Trompowsky is a great choice.
The Trompowsky, 1.d4 Nf6 2.Bg5, has not been as deeply investigated as many of the main lines, and it is an attacking opening that is tricky for Black to face. As well as providing an attacking repertoire for White with the ambitious Trompowsky Attack, the author also covers 2.Bg5 against the Dutch Defence, as well as the Pseudo-Tromp, 1.d4 d5 2.Bg5.
Richard Pert is an English international master. He has played the Trompowsky with success for more than ten years.
E-DVD FOXY OPENINGS - VOLUME 135 - Stonewall and Colle-Zukertort Systems
E-DVD ROMAN'S LAB - VOLUME 32 - Mastering The Opening Forum Series - A Repertoire For Black - PART 2
The Ryder Gambit Accepted - UPDATED EDITION
White Opening System: Stonewall Attack, Colle System and Torre Attack
FOXY OPENINGS - VOLUME 52 - Trompowski-Main Line
A Strategic Opening Repertoire
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Falcom – NIS America – Out Now on PS Vita & PS4 (version tested)
Ys (pronounced ees, for those that are unsure), is a series that has been around since the days of the PC Engine/Turbo Grafx, with numerous spin offs, remakes and sequels since then, although not all of them have graced the European region, as was usually the case with this genre in the late 80’s and early 90’s. Therefore, it’s not really a series that’s as popular as it could have been round these parts. The latest entry into the Ys series could be a good starting point for those who are unfamiliar with the games, as although it has recurring characters, it starts off with decent introductions, and a self contained story, that doesn’t require you to have any experience with the series so far. Initially taking control of series regular Adol, you’re working aboard a ship as a sailor in exchange for passage to an exciting new adventure. It’s not long however, before adventure finds you, in the form of a kraken, which destroys the boat, leaving you stranded on an Infamous island, in search of other survivors. This is where the main bulk of the game kicks off. As you progress and come across the other survivors of the ship wreck, you all pitch in to make a temporary home and the more people pitching in, the better things become.
The island is massive. At first there doesn’t seem a lot to it, as you’re asked to partake in a little cartography, charting the local area and making note of any landmarks, and if you just happen to stumble upon another stranded soul, then you will get them back to the village, too. You’ll find that you end up going back to the Castaway Village quite often, as not only is it to introduce new members to the residents, but it occasionally finds itself under attack from local beasts, so every now and then, there’s a brief arena battle as you fend off a few waves of nasties from the shore line. Normally heading back to the village would be an absolute ball ache, as the local areas are almost labyrinthine in design, but luckily you happen upon giant crystals or camp sites that serve as fast travel points, meaning toing and froing between the village and your current position doesn’t pose much of a problem. And it serves to go back often anyway, as you are rewarded for uncovering new and unexplored areas on your map by speaking to the ship’s captain. Also, once enough people are rescued, shops will start opening so you can start to trade any items you’ve picked up along the way, for goods, weapons and accessories.
The music in Ys VIII is fantastic, especially if you’re a fan of JRPG’s in general. There’s shades of Xenoblade Chronicles and Final Fantasy, with some excellent orchestral music as well as some fantastic guitar riffs thrown in. These add to the already great atmosphere and give it an extra degree of excitement and rose tinted nostalgia that all the best JRPG’s do. Visually, it’s not quite up there with its contemporaries, so it’s assumed that this was originally built with the PS Vita in mind, but don’t let that put you off, as it more than makes up for it in the playability department. Namely it’s the character models and the environments, as they wouldn’t look out of place on a PS2 game. If you prefer your RPG’s to be more hack ‘n’ slash than turn based, this will be a treat. The moves start off quite basic and then as you progress, you unlock a few more and then have to adopt different strategies dependent on who you’re fighting. When you do fight, you can change between characters at the press of a button, and the variation of characters help when up against different adversaries.
While it’s not going to push anything to its limits, Ys VIII is a fanatastic JRPG with hours on hours of gameplay and tons of enviroments to explore. If you are a fan of the genre you will be doing yourself a disservice to not pick up this gem of a game.


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5 edition of Philip"s Family World Atlas found in the catalog.
May 28, 1999
Written in English
|The Physical Object|
|Number of Pages||56|
Buy Philip's Great World Atlas by Octopus Publishing Group online at Alibris. We have new and used copies available, in 0 edition - starting at $ Shop Range: $ - $ Publisher: Philip's ISBN Binding: Hardcover Language: english. Edition: 16Rev Ed List Price: . Books will be free of page markings. Author: ISBN.
This new edition features the informative World Geography section, packed with maps, diagrams and text explaining key world themes such as climate change, geology, Details: The detailed physical and political maps in Philips Atlas of the World have been fully revised and updated. Travel the World in Maps 50% Off All Items thru June 30th. Maximum discount of $2, per item. Discount not applicable to consignment items. vintage, collectible, one-of-a-kind, out-of-print, unusual, unique, and antiquarian globes, maps, books, and prints Antique Maps, Globes, Books & Prints by Murray Hudson. New Year, New Sale.
World History & Military Books, world atlas, World History Antiquarian & Collectible Books, Antique World Atlas Maps, Philips Parts for Jaguar S-Type, Atlas, Philips Headlights for Tesla S, Philips Parts for Tesla S, antique world atlas, a history of the world in 6 glassesSeller Rating: % positive. An information-packed paperback world atlas from Philip's, published in association with the Royal Geographical Society - fully revised and updated. "An excellent world atlas. Very illuminating, good colours, clear texts good glossary and, last but not least, up-to-date".
McEvoys Lawrenceburgh, Aurora and Rising Sun directories and business mirrors, for 1859-60
Agricultural credit through co-operatives and other institutions.
structure of atmospheric turbulence
Preston M. Shannon.
Sociology of the family
History of the Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders 1st Battalion (Princess Louises), 1939-1945
principles and applications of variational methods.
Georgian Houses for All
Old people of the New World.
Security and fire protection yearbook
Easy carving projects for kids
Vanishing birds of Singapore
The herald of Zion
Philip's Family World Atlas Hardcover – Janu See all formats and editions Hide other formats and editions. Price New from Used from Hardcover, Janu "Please retry" $ — $ Hardcover $ 5 Used Format: Hardcover.
Philip's Family World Atlas Hardcover – January 1, by No author stated (Author) See all formats and editions Hide other formats and editionsAuthor: No author stated. Similar to other large Philip atlases of the last few years, this edition is somewhat more compact than many of its relatives.
It is a good compromise between size and detail, and the smaller size makes it easier to handle. However, it is still a large, heavy book/5(76). Similar to other large Philip atlases of the last few years, this edition is somewhat more compact than many of its relatives.
It is a good compromise between size and detail, and the smaller size makes it easier to handle. However, it is still a large, heavy book.4/4(1).
This book is not your ordinary historical atlas. This atlas has highly intelligent commentary that accompanies the maps. The quality of the commentary places it far above other intelligent historical atlases, such as the giant Dorling Kindersley atlas of world history.
It has thematic maps and commentary, such as on modern economic trends/5(14). COVID Resources. Reliable information about the coronavirus (COVID) is available from the World Health Organization (current situation, international travel).Numerous and frequently-updated resource results are available from this ’s WebJunction has pulled together information and resources to assist library staff as they consider how to handle coronavirus.
With 96 pages of authoritative world maps, a comprehensive index, 69 city maps, and a thematic section providing information on topics covered in geography, humanities and economics courses, Philip's World Atlas is recommended for students as well as for general home : Firefly World Factbook: An A-Z Reference Guide to Every Country in the World by Keith Lye (Firefly Books ) ( +/-).
Now this is a great source of trivia about each and every country in the world. That includes the ones you haven't even heard of yet.
This is a fascinating book to browse through.4/5(3). Buy Philip's Family World Atlas by (ISBN: ) from Amazon's Book Store. Everyday low prices and free delivery on eligible orders.5/5(3).
Philip's World Atlas: Hardback (Philip's Road Atlases) Hardcover – 7 Mar. /5(83). Short description: Unknown author, Philip Steel Atlas of the world for the student\Avtor ne ukazan, Filipp Stil Atlas mira dlia shkolnika, n/a We have thousands of titles and often several copies of each title may be available.
Please contact us for details on condition of available copies of the book. SKUmesh Language: Russian. Philip's World Atlas by Philip's Maps,available at Book Depository with free delivery worldwide.
Buy World Atlases / World Maps at WHSmith. We have a great range of World Atlases / World Maps from top brands. Delivery is free on all UK orders over £ : Philip's Atlas of the World (Philip's World Atlases) () by Philips and a great selection of similar New, Used and Collectible Books available now at great prices.
Addeddate Identifier AtlasWorldHistory Identifier-ark ark://t6nz9j14d Ocr ABBYY FineReader Ppi Scanner Internet Archive HTML5 Uploader Well-researched and entertaining content on geography (including world maps), science, current events, and more.
of over 2, results for Books: "philips atlas" Skip to main search results Amazon Prime. Free UK Delivery by Amazon. Philip's Essential World Atlas (Philips Atlas) by Philip's Maps | 3 Oct out of 5 stars Hardcover £ £ 99 £ £.
Philips. Philip's, one of the oldest publishing houses in the United Kingdom, was originally founded in as George Philip and Son. Philip's was, at one time, the owner of the world-famous Stanfords map store, and has now become part of the Octopus Publishing Group.
This entire book takes place in Budapest and is entitled Prague only to further the main theme, which centers on the emotion of life being elsewhere.
It's a "grass is greener" feeling that Phillips explains as: "if only I I found this book ironic and somewhat interesting mostly because of the crcumstances in which I /5. Philips' Record Atlas by Philip Reprinted in with the help of original edition published long back .
This book is printed in black & white, sewing binding for longer life, Printed on high quality Paper, re-sized as per Current standards, professionally processed without changing its contents. List of contents pp., pp.Philips' Series of Comparative Wall Atlases: Europe Commercial Development and a great selection of related books, art and collectibles available now at of results for "philips atlas of the world" Skip to main search results Amazon Prime.
Free UK Delivery by Amazon Best Seller in Geography Books for Young Adults. Philip's Modern School Atlas 99th Edition. Philips' handy-volume atlas of the world: Containing eighty new and specially engraved plates with statistical notes and.

domain: library


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Juniper Networks and Canonical, the lead commercial sponsor of Ubuntu Linux, are partnering for a new Network Function Virtualization cloud platform, based on OpenStack and the Contrail Software Defined Networking (SDN) controller.
The new platform is an extension of an existing partnership between Juniper Networks and Canonical.
“Juniper has been selling a product called Contrail Cloud that is powered by Ubuntu from base server operating system point of view,” Ankur Singla, corporate vice president and general manager, cloud software at Juniper Networks, told Enterprise Networking Planet. “With this announcement, customers will benefit from OpenStack, Linux, and networking support coming jointly from Canonical and Juniper.”
Singla added that the partnership with Canonical is focused on selling a complete carrier-class OpenStack solution that can be supported from either Juniper or Canonical. From a go-to-market perspective, Singla said that the sales teams on both sides already have a program in place to execute on joint deals, and a revenue share agreement has been put in place to make the entire sale frictionless.
One of the key benefits that Canonical’s Ubuntu OpenStack and Linux platforms offer is the Juju orchestration system that makes deployment and management of applications easier. Singla noted that Contrail Cloud has always come with a server management solution that allows customers to easily deploy and monitor many clusters of OpenStack in a highly simplified manner. He added that Server Manager was developed leveraging Puppet for provisioning and Contrail Analytics for monitoring. That said, Singla noted that Juniper has worked with Canonical to add Juju-charms support to allow for simplified deployment of Contrail Networking and Canonical OpenStack.
John Zannos, Vice President, cloud channels and alliances at Canonical, told Enterprise Networking Planet that the Contrail charm is currently under development.
“The intention is to develop a solution where Contrail networking features can be deployed and managed via the one-click build-a-cloud process Autopilot,” Zannos said. “The solution will be made available in scenarios where Canonical’s distribution of OpenStack is being deployed.”
Zannos added that Canonical will be developing a “white-labelled” (Juniper-branded) version of Autopilot, which will be SKU’d for Juniper direct and channel sales.
While Canonical’s OpenStack platform has broad applicability for a range of cloud workloads, the joint solution with Juniper has a focus on NFV.
“Contrail Cloud is currently being used in Enterprise and Service Provider cloud environments,” Singla said. “NFV is one of the targeted markets where carrier grade availability, reliability, and supportability is a key requirement and this announcement is focused on that.”
Sean Michael Kerner is a senior editor at Enterprise Networking Planet and InternetNews.com. Follow him on Twitter @TechJournalist.


text:
VelazquezStreaming Video - 2005
A portrait of the extraordinary painter who chronicled the life and times of his friend King Philip the Fourth, who built the core of the Prado collection (which today houses almost all of his work), and who, with El Greco, Goya, and Picasso, comprises the quartet of the greatest painters of Spain.
Publisher: New York, N.Y. : Films Media Group, , c1989.
Branch Call Number: E-VIDEO
Characteristics: 1 streaming video file (36 min.) : sd., col., digital file.

domain: artistic


text:
Marvel Studios today released a new featurette for Avengers: Endgame. Endgame is the sequel to 2018’s Avengers: Infinity War. It’s also the 22nd Marvel Cinematic Universe film and the conclusion to “The Infinity Saga” that began 10 years ago in the first Iron Man movie. The film sees the Avengers reassembling to take on Thanos again and to avenge the world they failed to save. “Infinity War was nuts,” Robert Downey Jr., who plays Tony Stark, aka Iron Man says in the featurette. “But this one is going to be our finest hour...I guarantee you there is no way anyone could guess what’s going to happen.”
“These are the highest stakes that the Avengers have ever face,” says Scarlett Johansson, who plays Natasha Romanoff, aka Black Widow. Chris Evans, who plays Steve Rogers, aka Captain America, adds, “Every time you think Marvel’s pulled every single trick out of the bag they actually save the best stuff for this one.”
“This is the end of the fireworks show, the grand finale,” says Brie Larson, who plays Carol Danvers, aka Captain Marvel. She will be joining the Avengers for the first time in Endgame following her debut in Captain Marvel earlier this year.
“The storytelling is insane,” says Jeremy Renner, who plays Clint Barton, aka Hawkeye, aka Ronin. “You just don’t know what to expect."
In Avengers: Endgame, Thanos completed his mission to gather the six Infinity Stones and use their power to wipe out half of all life in the universe. Can the Avengers win in a rematch?
According to the film’s official synopsis, “The grave course of events set in motion by Thanos that wiped out half the universe and fractured the Avengers ranks compels the remaining Avengers to take one final stand in Marvel Studios’ grand conclusion to twenty-two films, Avengers: Endgame.”
Avengers: Endgame is directed by Anthony and Joe Russo from a screenplay by Christopher Markus and Stephen McFeely. The film’s ensemble cast includes Robert Downey Jr. as Iron Man, Chris Evans as Captain America, Mark Ruffalo as Bruce Banner/the Hulk, Chris Hemsworth as Thor, Scarlett Johansson as Black Widow, Jeremy Renner as Hawkeye/Ronin, Don Cheadle as War Machine, Paul Rudd as Ant-Man, Brie Larson as Captain Marvel, Karen Gillan as Nebula, Danai Gurira as Okoye, Bradley Cooper as Rocket Raccoon, and Josh Brolin as Thanos.
What do you think of the new featurette? Let us know in the comments. Avengers: Endgame opens on April 26th.
Captain Marvel is now playing in theaters. Upcoming Marvel Cinematic Universe movies include Spider-Man: Far From Home on July 5th.
Have you subscribed to ComicBook Nation, the official Podcast of ComicBook.com yet? Check it out by clicking here or listen below.
In this latest episode, we talk about that Joker trailer, WWE Wrestlemania 35 and more! Make sure to subscribe now and never miss an episode!


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text:
So you have made a decision to suggest in your lover, now you might want to decide in between the many feasible engagement rings to find the one which is likely to make her desire to mention that oh-so-cherished phrase ‘yes’. But... what If you'd like your proposal for being A really unforgettable minute? You might plan to have an engagement ring to commemorate that moment. Applying inspiration from that put or minute you might wind up with a fantastically romantic engagement ring that actually exhibits exactly how much believed you have got put into The instant.
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National Park and κοσμήματα ασημένια even Niagara Falls (where by fifty,000 couples get married annually!).
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domain: geography


text:
Cirencester's darts ace aims to find ruthless streak
ONE-YEAR-OLD Ellen Boulton is going to have to share her nursery with dad Paul’s dart board.
And when he is competing on the oche, Paul Boulton needs to discover a ruthless streak. It’s no more, Mr Nice Guy.
They are Boulton’s reflections after his live appearance on Sky Sports TV at the Speedy Services UK Open.
Cirencester’s top darts player may have lost in his preliminary round match against Arron Monk, but the former World U21 champion looked a relieved man when edging past Boulton 4-3.
And it has convinced the Wiltshire county amateur that he can compete with the best.
“I am going to have to sit down with my family and talk through the possibility of going to the dart tour’s qualifying school in January,” said Paul.
“There is a lot of travelling, weekends away, not to mention the expense – unless I can get some sponsorship. If I were single, I would do it like a shot, but I now have a young family. “Whatever happens, I must practice harder. I used to have a board set up in the spare room, but that is now Ellen’s nursery. We are going to have to tweak things around to set up my board again.
“And I need to find a ruthless, mean side in competitions. I think I’m too nice.”
Boulton made the worse possible start at the unique big money tournament at the Reebok Stadium where the world’s top professionals share the stage with leading amateurs.
He was 2-0 down (despite throwing a 180 in the second leg) and then 3-1 behind in the first-to-four contest, but he found the bull for a spectacular get-out to make it 3-2 and forced a decider when taking an edgy sixth leg.
Monk then showed the grit of a champion, producing a spectacular 180 followed by a 113 finish to win the match 4-3.
“The pros were complimentary about the way I played and I would love to go back and have another go on the main board,” said Boulton.
“The only way I could have beaten Arron in the deciding leg was to throw a nine-darter.
“Arron was superb and you could not wish to meet a nicer bloke. He went quite a long way in the tournament and won about £4,000, I think.”
There was a shock outcome in the final when Scotland’s Robert Thornton beat the legendary Phil ‘The Power’ Taylor.
Boulton's Swindon League team-mate Johnny Haines also went out 4-3 at the UK Open to former BDO World Champion Mark Webster. Haines effectively had a match point but paid the price for missing one dart at the bull and Webster came from behind to triumph.


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I have created this profile for my daughter. We come from an upper middle class, nuclear family with traditional values, currently settled in Coimbatore. She has been married for a couple of years and lived in Canada.We are looking for a good match with a customary family background.
I am currently working in the private sector as an executive, after having completed my bachelor's degree. I come from a middle class family with traditional family values. We belong to nuclear family currently living in Coimbatore.

domain: sociology