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71-Senior government officials
Senior government officials
Provide high-level analysis and expert advice on major government initiatives and policy and may work as a delegate for and representative of their home country.
Senior government officials advise governments on policy matters, oversee the interpretation and implementation of government policies and legislation by government departments and agencies, represent their country abroad and act on its behalf, or carry out similar tasks in intergovernmental organizations. They plan, organize, direct, control and evaluate the overall activities of municipal or local, regional and national government departments, boards, agencies or commissions in accordance with legislation and policies established by government and legislative bodies.
Job activities and tasks include:
- advising national, state, regional or local governments and legislators on policy matters
- advising on the preparation of government budgets, laws and regulations, including amendments
- establishing objectives for government departments or agencies in accordance with government legislation and policy
- formulating or approving and evaluating programs and procedures for the implementation of government policies in conjunction or consultation with government:
- recommending, reviewing, evaluating and approving documents, briefs and reports submitted by middle managers and senior staff members
- ensuring appropriate systems and procedures are developed and implemented to provide budgetary control
- coordinating activities with other senior government managers and officials
- making presentations to legislative and other government committees regarding policies programs or budgets
- overseeing the interpretation and implementation of government policies and legislation by government departments and agencies
Knowledge of policy analysis
Typically, work long and irregular hours, which may include evenings and weekends to complete assigned tasks and priorities. Often work in offices, but may spend time at different worksites within respective establishment or organization liaising with local supervisors and/ or subordinates. Their work can be quiet stressful at times caused by the need to develop and negotiate annual performance plans and budgets for the department or section, and then implement, manage and ensure ongoing approved financial, technology, legal and human resource budgets, plans and deadlines are met. May undertake negotiations, to effect business closure and to achieve results, contributing increased stress levels. May travel often to meet with existing or prospective clients, stakeholders and/or officials, and attend, in some cases present at, conferences or seminars.
Bachelor degree in public policy or related field of work/discipline, higher qualification or equivalent.
Required Work Experience:
8 years and above
National Consultative Council, Department of Municipality, Crown Prince Court, Abu Dhabi Tourism Authority (ADTC)
Less than 5,000
Examples of job titles: Ambassador - City administrator - Civil service commissioner - Consul-general - Director-general (government department) - Director-general (intergovernmental organization) - Fire commissioner - Inspector-general (police) - Permanent head (government department) - Police commissioner - Secretary-general, government administration - Under-secretary (government)
Examples of some related occupations:
Senior strategic policy advisor - Senior policy advisor
UAE Industry Groups:
Government, public administration and education services
Similar O*NET Careers (USA) :
Source Of Info:
Occupations and Careers Handbook for UAE Nationals(Copyright NQA ). Referenced from New York University, Abu Dhabhi

domain: politics


PLANO, Texas — A May 2 protest within the city limits of Plano has garnered wide-scale attention. The incident involves a confrontation between a driver who exited his vehicle and confronted protestors. The latest to chime in on the topic is Texas Attorney General Ken Paxton in a Monday afternoon Facebook post.
The rally was held to call for justice for Marvin Scott. Scott died on March 14 while in custody at the Collin County Jail. Witnesses told WFAA the rally was peaceful and the confrontation between the driver and protestors lasted under two minutes and at the very end of the scheduled protest.
Plano Police released a statement on the incident on Monday, saying dispatchers received multiple calls from stalled drivers at State Highway 121 and Preston Road. The initial call to police was about a possible "malfunctioning signal." It was later determined there were "50 protestors in and around the roadway."
There are multiple videos that show the encounter between the driver and the protesters. The driver is heard yelling to the one officer on scene, "Get these [expletive] people out of the way!" The driver engages with the officer for a few seconds and later turns to the crowd and appears to attempt to slap a phone out of the hand of one of the protestors.
"During this incident, a female reported that she was assaulted by a male who confronted the protestors. Due to the position of the crowd, the officer did not witness the assault. The officer de-escalated the situation by removing the male away from the crowd...After speaking with the victim and the suspect, and reviewing video footage of the incident, detectives filed an Assault-by-Contact charge with the Municipal Court against the male suspect," reads the police statement.
The Plano Police Department says it is not releasing the name of the suspect or the victim for their personal safety concerns. Police said the victim filed an assault by contact charge — a Class C misdemeanor.
RELATED: 'We ask for justice': Marvin Scott's family demands officers be arrested after his in-custody death is ruled a homicide
The video of the incident has been widely seen and shared in the last several days.
Paxton drafted a statement, reading in part that protestors last week "illegally shut down traffic underneath a major highway." Paxton said when a man got out of his car, demanding the group move, a man "pulled what appears to be a gun and pointed it at the man. Meanwhile, rather than disperse the crowd or arrest the lawbreakers, the lone police officer told the man to go away."
In his statement, Paxton asked why the "guy who pulled the weapon" was not charged.
Plano police clarified to WFAA that the device in the man's hand was not a gun but rather an electronic control device, or commonly known as a Taser. Police Chief Ed Drain says the device was "purchased without a permit or license and the person who pointed the device did not commit a criminal offense by doing so."
In his statement, Paxton wrote a scathing statement against the police chief for his handling of the situation, writing the chief was "anxious to excuse the rioters." He ended his statement by writing, "I will never allow our beautiful Texas cities and neighborhoods to become Portland or Seattle or San Francisco because of the unchecked left."
The Plano Police Department clarified to WFAA that the protestors were asked to disperse after the brief confrontation and had complied. The group was told by officers that obstructing traffic is illegal. Drain says traffic had been stalled for a total of seven minutes.
RELATED: 1 Collin County detention officer reinstated after Marvin Scott's in-custody death; sheriff disagrees with decision
"It is regrettable that so many people have falsely reported on this incident over social media," read the police statement.
The issue even spilled out into Monday's Plano City Council meeting where advocates on both sides spoke up during the public comment portion of the meeting.
"I am deeply concerned that [the protestors] have not been arrested or charged. I am asking you to enforce the laws," said one speaker.
"Instead of being appalled for being in traffic for seven minutes we are mourning the loss of a community member," said another speaker, referring to Marvin Scott.
The jail has still not released the names of the detention officers who were fired after Scott's death, nor the in-house jail video of Scott's final moments. Scott's family is demanding the eight detention officers involved in his death be arrested.


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Yesterday I blogged about making baskets from the old mini-blinds (which may have looked just fine, by the way, but they were drawn all over by my son!) Here is the promised blog about baskets from upcycled clothes.
This basket was coiled around a pottery base that i made. It includes some yarns and recycled bits of string, but also several of my husband's old shirts, a pair of kids' pjs, some camophlage jeans from my son, and a couple of socks that had holes in them. Yes, i said socks. They are great for bulk and texture. If you click on it and look closer maybe you can see some of them.
I love the way all the fibers come together and make a crazy quilt sort of effect.
This one is also embellished with beads. But sometimes, i embellish with buttons cut from the clothing, as in the bowl at right. This one is upcycled from an old long playing record album. I poked holes in the rim after distorting the album in my oven. After coiling with assorted recycled cloth strips, as well as yarns, i layered the buttons as embellishments. (click on any picture to see a large version.)
For more upcycled/recycled baskets, see my etsy shop. Some of them are coiled 'round recycled bits of plastic, as well! One is also twined using my husband's favorite old shirts, the yarn i showed you yesterday. Another has bits of sisal twine that have been unwound to make fringes. I would love to see what you have made of recycled materials!
CALL for ENTRIES: Abstract 2018
2 days ago

domain: design


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Getting ready for Halloween in my Etsy shop. More Halloween themed things coming soon, but for now there is one 12x12in pillow cover listed with free shipping in the US. Thanks for checking it out.
Trying to save a bit of money lately by not going out so much but one of the things my husband misses about going out, or ordering in I should say, is Orange Chicken. So I went to one of my favorite blogs to see if Annie has made any orange chicken. Yup she has. I can always rely on her blog if I need a good recipe. Anyway, I made it last night and it was so good. I never get orange chicken when we eat Chinese food but like I said it’s one of my husbands must-haves. Since I don’t have any reference point I can’t say that it’s better than the one at a fast food joint but I’m betting it probably is 🙂
For the marinade and sauce:
¾ cup low-sodium chicken broth
¾ cup freshly squeezed orange juice
1½ tsp. finely grated orange zest
6 tbsp. white vinegar
¼ cup soy sauce
½ cup brown sugar (dark or light)
3 cloves garlic, minced
1 tbsp. fresh ginger, grated
¼ tsp. cayenne pepper
1½ lbs. boneless chicken thighs or breasts, cut into bite-sized pieces
1 tbsp. plus 2 tsp. cornstarch
2 tbsp. cold water
8 thin strips orange peel (optional)
For the coating and frying:
3 large egg whites
1 cup cornstarch
½ tsp. baking soda
¼ tsp. cayenne pepper
3 cups peanut or canola oil
To make the marinade and sauce, combine the chicken broth, orange juice, orange zest, vinegar, soy sauce, brown sugar, garlic, ginger and cayenne pepper in a large saucepan; whisk to blend well. Measure out ¾ cup of the mixture and transfer it to a large zipper lock plastic bag. Add the chicken pieces to the bag, pressing out the excess air and sealing well. Refrigerate and let marinate 30-60 minutes, but no longer. Place the saucepan with the remaining mixture on the stove and heat over medium-high heat. Bring to a simmer. In a small bowl, whisk together the cornstarch and water until smooth. Add the mixture to the saucepan with the sauce. Continue simmering until the sauce is thick and translucent, about 1 minute. Remove from the heat and stir in the strips of orange peel, if using.
To prepare the coating, place the egg whites in a pie plate and whisk until frothy. In a second pie plate combine the cornstarch, baking soda and cayenne pepper; whisk to blend. Drain the chicken of the marinade in a colander or large strainer; pat dry with paper towels. Place half of the chicken pieces in the egg whites and turn to coat. Transfer the pieces to the cornstarch mixture and coat thoroughly, shaking off the excess. Transfer to a plate and repeat with the remaining chicken pieces.
To fry the chicken, heat the oil in a 11- or 12-inch round Dutch oven or straight-sided sauté pan until the oil reaches 350˚ F. Carefully place half of the chicken pieces in the oil and fry until golden brown, about 5 minutes, turning the pieces halfway through cooking. Remove from the oil with a skimmer or slotted spoon and transfer to a paper towel-lined plate. Return the oil to 350˚ F and repeat with the remaining chicken pieces.
Reheat the sauce if necessary and toss with the cooked chicken pieces. Serve over rice, if desired.
I used 1/2 cup fresh orange juice because I only had 2 oranges, I used 1 cup chicken broth to make up for not having enough orange juice. I omitted the orange zest because my husband doesn’t really like that in his orange chicken.
You could double the sauce recipe if you like a little extra sauce to drizzle over you rice. This recipe makes just enough for 3 chicken breast.

domain: food


text: Who else immediately thinks to go to the beach when they hear a big storm is coming? Well I do! This one is called Impending Storm and was taken in Sea Bright, NJ. That jetty has recently been covered completely by sand during the replenishment project in response to Hurricane Sandy. While I will miss that jetty and all of the sunrises I shot there, seeing the beach larger than I’ve seen it in 14 years makes me happy too.

domain: geography


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You tend to think that others are better than you, so you usually push yourself into the background. But is just a false belief. Within you there are plenty of qualities that makes you someone special. Also when you are underestimating, you undervalue friends who love you and appreciate you.
Your peace of mind and ability to see the positive in every situation can heal many people in your environment.
People who really love you will be pleased to know that you have other tastes or other more interesting than his plans. Do not think that friendship is to conform to others. If saying “no” provoke someone became angry, you can be sure that the problem lies in its non-acceptance. You are free to do what you most want.
Be more active proposing plans that fits you. Other people will appreciate your greater participation, you’ll see. Most people especially those who most want you, want to know what your true opinions or preferences are, even when you feel that do not matter at all. Worth much more than you think.
#SPEND_ #TIME_ON_ #YOURSELF_
Initial efforts can bring out many anxieties, but if you persevere the rewards will be much greater than you imagine. When slowly develop your talents, you will enjoy activities and gradually will disappear your tendency to laziness and indolence. It is also a way to increase your self-esteem. The better you are with yourself, the better you’ll be with others.
Do not let others overwhelm you when you’re in a group. Do not settle for simply listening. You have much to say, but just need you to overcome your initial shyness. Also, if you do not, you tend to get away, which can be a very subtle way of showing you’re upset or angry.
Establish productive routines that require you to “wake up”. On the way to not identify yourself with your ego, whenever you have a choice, choose the option that involves more movement. The sofa can become your biggest trap.

domain: psychology


Is the left worse than the right?
I’ve been a Socialist all my life. My parents were Socialists and for a time–during the dangerous House UnAmerican Activities hearings – my father was a Communist. The story about my parents’ elopement was not that they were too young (they were) or that they were still in college (they were), but that my mother’s father wouldn’t allow my mother to “marry a Commie.”
Like my father, I joined the Communist Party in college. But while my father was a card-carrying Communist for years, I left the CPUSA before I left college. I had been lured by a charismatic professor, but I was a budding feminist and the sexism within the far left stunned me, even as a teenager. Women were adjuncts at the meetings, even though the women I knew within the CPUSA were obvious leaders. Yet there we all were, every meeting, making coffee, putting out pamphlets and leaflets, setting up the chairs and placing ashtrays around the room, bringing cookies we had baked the night before. After the meetings we were the ones doing the clean-up. Like wives to the movement.
Was this what Marx and Engels intended? Had Emma Goldman been forced to bake cookies? Was Angela Davis making coffee? I hoped not.
Socialism stayed in my blood, though. To me, income inequality was the obvious basis for the majority of the world’s ills. That women were at the locus of that inequality just bolstered my belief that Socialism was the only true political movement.
Socialism and feminism.
Over the years of my journalistic career I have written extensively about women and poverty. Lesbians and poverty. GBT people and poverty. People of color and poverty. How could Socialism not be the most important political movement? If we fixed the dramatic economic disparities between men and women, straights and LGBT, whites and people of color, wouldn’t everything else – notably gender/sex discrimination, racism and homophobia sort themselves out?
Was I lured by Bernie Sanders the way I had been lured by my professor in college? To paraphrase another American politician, You betcha!
But then, as was the case with my college foray into Communism, came the sexism. So. Much. Sexism.
I am less tolerant now, as a middle-aged woman, than I was as a teenager of misogyny in its many forms. I still get cat-called, I still hate it. I still get called “girl” instead of “woman” when I am usually old enough to be the mother of the man saying it. I still get hit on by men who maybe think they are doing me a favor since I am middle-aged, but it’s just as uncomfortable as when I was in my 20s and 30s if not more so.
But that level of rage I felt as a teenager at being relegated to housewife to the movement at all those CPUSA meetings has come back full-force with the misogyny I have experienced and witnessed during this election season.
Most shocking since this primary began a year ago, is that it hasn’t been the GOP or Donald Trump and his followers who have reminded me how misogynist America still is. It’s been Bernie Sanders and his Bernie Bros.
I don’t need to write another article about the Bernie Bros. There have been dozens. Every major news outlet, left, right and center, has spotlighted the Bernie Bros. Initially, in late 2015 when women first started complaining about sexist attacks on social media by Sanders supporters, we were told it was just a few outliers. Now we know differently. As recently as this week a dozen pieces have been published – by men as well as women – about the Bernie Bros. That’s how bad it is.
May 14 at the Nevada Democratic Convention, part of the convoluted caucus system for that state, Bernie Bros literally tore up the place, eventually being ejected from the Paris Las Vegas hotel where the event – thousands in attendance – was being held because hotel security called police because they could “no longer ensure the safety of the hotel’s guests.”
Similar problems had transpired back in February during the Nevada caucus itself when civil rights icon and co-founder of the United Farm Workers, Dolores Huerta, was attacked and later trolled by Sanders supporters for demanding that the caucus be bilingual for Spanish speakers.
On May 14, the battle began when Sanders supporters accused Roberta Lange, chairwoman of the Nevada Democratic Party, of unfairly excluding Sanders delegates who were not registered Democrats. Some of Hillary Clinton’s delegates were disqualified for the same reason. It is, obviously, a requirement that Democratic delegates be registered as Democrats. The rules followed in Nevada have been in place for over 50 years, so complaints of the caucus being skewed against Sanders – who lost the Nevada caucus in February – were unfounded.
At the end of the convention the delegates were certified. The numbers were exactly the same as they were in February when Clinton won the caucus: 20 for Clinton, 15 for Sanders.
Sen. Barbara Boxer (D-CA), listed as one of the top five most liberal senators in Congress and a member of Congress since 1983, was called a “fascist bitch” by Sanders supporters who booed when she took the stage. She reminded the crowd they were all Democrats and that booing her was like booing Sanders.
On May 17 Boxer, who is the same age as Sanders, spoke out about her experience, saying “Sanders’ supporters made me feel threatened.” Lucy Flores, an assembly woman from Nevada who was in attendance and who is a Sanders supporter, released a statement condemning the violence which reads in part, “Actions at the convention clearly crossed the line. Progressive need to speak out against those: making threats against someone’s life, defacing private property, and hurling vulgar language at our female leaders. Regardless of whether you agree with the leadership of our Chairwoman Roberta Lange, under NO CIRCUMSTANCES do her actions warrant being harassed, insulted with misogynistic vulgarities and or threatened in any way.”
According to the Nevada Democrats, Lange received thousands of phone calls and several texts a minute for days after her private cell phone number and home phone number were published on Twitter and Facebook by Sanders supporters. Threats to her family, including children, were made. On May 18, NPR politics reporter Tamara Keith included some of the messages in her report on the convention chaos. Most had to be bleeped for language. But one chilling message calmly called for Lange’s public execution. “People like you should be hung in a public execution to show this world that we won’t stand for this sort of corruption.”
Senate Minority Whip Harry Reid (D-NV) requested an apology from Sanders. None was forthcoming. Although Sanders had previously said months ago there was no place for such behavior in his campaign, rather than call it out Sanders took aim at the Democratic Party in his speech at a California rally on May 17, right after he won the Oregon primary and Clinton won Kentucky.
The violence in Las Vegas, where chairs and punches were thrown by Sanders supporters and photos of a Hillary delegate face-down and unconscious on the floor were widely disseminated on social media, followed incidents the week before in California where black and Latina Hillary supporters were harassed and shoved by white male Sanders supporters protesting a rally for Clinton. After that event Sanders told reporters that his supporters were exercising free speech, but he would not approve of interrupting an actual speech by a candidate.
Sanders himself has been interrupted and heckled by Black Lives Matter protestors at a few of his rallies, but never by Clinton supporters.
I, like every woman journalist I know, have been on the receiving end of the kind of abuse Boxer, Lange and the unnamed women at Clinton’s California rally experienced. Like Joan Walsh, Joy Ann Reid, Melissa McEwan, Propane Jane and myriad others, I’ve been called a shill, I’ve been told I am on Hillary’s payroll (alas, I am most definitely not), I’ve been called a “corporate hack.”
At the root of the name calling is the same thing that rankled when I was a 16 year old college student and card-carrying Communist in love with equality and Angela Davis: misogyny.
The misogyny is thick. So thick. There’s a racial slant to it, as voters of color have overwhelmingly chosen Clinton and Sanders supporters are overwhelmingly white and black women have led this election in ways the mainstream media has ignored.
But what is so hard to accept as I see people who should be embracing the first woman president, who should be looking hard at Clinton’s thorough and wonky and oh-so-prepared proposals for how to make America more equal and egalitarian and fair, is that the Left of which I have been a part since my literal birth and infancy as a Red Diaper Baby, looks so like the Right to which I have been opposed for just as long.
When the New York Times ran it’s story on Donald Trump’s misogyny on May 15, no one was surprised. The sheer volume of interviewees – more than 50 – was the only surprise. When Melania Trump announced in an interview on May 16 that “Donald is not Hitler,” many of us thought, “If you say so, but…”
But Sanders? Sanders isn’t Trump. Sanders is supposed to be the lefty good guy. The one with the feminist ally credentials. And yet instead he’s the only one of all the candidates who ran for president–more than two dozen Democrats and Republicans all but three of whom have withdrawn–with no women in the top ten positions in his campaign. (Clinton has 6, Trump has 3.) Instead, Sanders is the only candidate to call Hillary Clinton “unqualified,” when she is the best qualified candidate in decades. Instead, Sanders is the candidate who, on the eve of the 43rd anniversary of Roe v. Wade and less than a month after 14 people were shot, three of them killed, at a Planned Parenthood clinic in Colorado, called Planned Parenthood “part of the Establishment.”
Sanders is of my parents’ generation of Socialists. That old school of have the ladies make the coffee. Reams of his essays from those years are acutely misogynist but we’re told to ignore those because they were written in the 1970s. Yet Sanders’ one arrest for a civil rights protest in the early 1960s has taken on a mythic quality among his supporters, many of whom attacked Rep. John Lewis (D-GA), the iconic civil rights figure, for his support of Hillary Clinton.
Why is the possibility of a female president–the first in 279 years–so threatening? Why the misogynist attacks? The first time I was ever called the c word on social media was when I reported on the Netroots Nation conference in 2015. That conference was interrupted by Black Lives Matter protestors. Sanders walked out on them and Sanders supporters on social media said BLM–which was founded by black, queer women–were paid by Hillary Clinton to attack Sanders.
It was a ludicrous charge, but when my article on the event posted, dozens of Bernie Bros came out of the social media network to attack me as a shill (I wasn’t even for Hillary at that point) and a corporate hack and a c***.
America has changed a lot since I was a 16 year old Communist. Feminism is deeply entrenched in America’s social fabric. And so, in many respects, is socialism with a small s. But what has not changed – and this we see deafeningly on the Right – is men’s (#notallmen) fear of women having power. Especially political power.
What’s really behind Sanders’ fixation with Hillary’s speaking fees? It’s that a woman should have that level of power that she can command $250,000 for a speech. Even though that money is far less than her male counterparts. The previous Secretary of State, Condoleezza Rice, commands only slightly less than Clinton and she wasn’t also a senator and First Lady and author of several best-selling books.
Hillary Clinton has been a locus for misogynist attacks for decades–since she was listed among the top 100 lawyers in the country back in the 1970s. There is literally no one else in American politics who has done the myriad of things she’s done from going undercover to reveal racism in education to her now classic speech in Beijing as First Lady on women’s rights.
Trump attacked Hillary as having “nothing but gender” to promote her campaign for president but millions of women understood Trump’s comments another way: No matter how accomplished a woman is, what she achieves is never enough because she will never be male.
And that’s where misogyny brings us: Women will never be men. We will never have the privilege nor the access. We will never be paid as much and if we are paid equal to men, it will be questioned.
Melissa McEwan wrote about this inherent misogyny back in January, before the voting had even begun. She made strong links between the racism tossed at President Obama and the misogyny tossed at Hillary Clinton. But this struck a cord that Sanders and his supporters have continually ignored as they talk about revolution and The Establishment. “[Clinton’s] presidency would be more than symbolic, just as President Obama’s has been. And her presidency would be a challenge to the establishment, sheerly by virtue of her gender. And the gender of literally all of her predecessors. In this country, we tell little girls (at least the decent among us do) that they can be anything they want to be when they grow up, but there are still so many spaces which women have never inhabited. And the most visible of them all is the presidency. Because of an “establishment” that keeps us out.”
As the end of the primary season approaches–less than a month of voting remains–and fewer than 90 delegates stand between Clinton and the formal nomination to the party, the reality that Sanders will not be the nominee has struck both him and his supporters. But instead of accepting that reality, both have taken the most misogynist turn. Daily I see Clinton referred to as “that c***” on social media. Daily I get trolled by Sanders supporters telling me that she has stolen the election, when in reality it’s Sanders who has suggested the will of the voters – Clinton has 3 million more votes than he does – be overturned in his favor.
And it brings us back to the harsh reality that women are paid less because we are considered to be worth less. Women’s issues are considered separate and distinct from the nation’s issues even though we are 52% of the population because we are second-class citizens. Women are dismissed and demeaned no matter what they have achieved because it’s believed they slept their way to power. And the list goes on and on and on.
For Sanders to ignore this reality, for him to tout being called an “honorary woman” by Gloria Steinem while calling Hillary Clinton unqualified is a paradox that can only be explained by how deeply entrenched misogyny is in America. We expect it from the Right. But it’s come out of the Left closet as clearly as if Hillary Clinton were expected to make coffee for the male candidates for president.
Newsweek politics reporter Kurt Eichenwald summed it up succinctly in his column on May 18 when he wrote, “Violence. Death threats. Vile, misogynistic names screamed at women. Rage. Hatred. Menacing, anonymous phone calls to homes and offices. Public officials [all women] whisked offstage by security agents frightened of the growing mob. None of this has any place in a political campaign. And the candidate who has been tolerating this obscene behavior among his supporters is showing himself to be unfit for office. So, Senator Sanders, either get control of what is becoming your increasingly unhinged cult or get out of the race.”
Eichenwald never mentions misogyny, but that’s what this is.
Men fear women taking over. Men fear women being more accomplished than they are.
So many years have passed since I was that 16 year old Communist. But so little has changed for women. Maybe Hillary Clinton will get the chance to change all that. But until then, we are all still—Right or Left–metaphorically making coffee and baking cookies and waiting for our turn to speak and be heard.


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A very low-voltage operational amplifier in a standard CMOS process with a 0.75 V threshold voltage is presented. It uses a novel dynamically biased output stage based on the switched-capacitor approach. Thanks to this, drive performance is greatly improved and accurate current control is also achieved. The amplifier is capable of working with a power supply as low as 1.2 V while providing a -74 dB total harmonic distortion with a 700 mV peak-to-peak output voltage into a 500 /spl Omega/ and 20 pF output load. The open-loop gain and the gain-bandwidth product are higher than 90 dB and 2.2 MHz, respectively.
Date of Publication: April 2000


“Mustang Sally, think you better slow your mustang down … you been running all over the town. All you want to do is ride around Sally; ride, Sally, ride!” goes Mack Rice’s R&B anthem of 1965. The song was allegedly penned as a joke after singer Della Reese wanted a new Ford Mustang.
But the latest model is no joke.
Automobile behemoth Ford have launched their newest Mustang coupe, and in addition to some impressive statistics, it’s worth a lot more than the company’s first model from 1964.
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The all-new 2020 Mustang Shelby GT500 is the most powerful street-legal #Ford ever with a supercharged 5.2-liter V8 producing more than 700 horsepower #FordMustang #ShelbyGT500 #GT500 #FordNAIAS #NAIAS2019 Pre-production model shown. Optional features available. 2020 Ford Mustang® GT500® available Fall 2019.
Hearts were pounding and bidders were on the edges of their seats at the Barrett-Jackson auction in Scottsdale, Arizona. The auction, held on Saturday night, offered up the first 2020 Mustang Shelby GT500, which eventually sold to the highest bidder for a whopping US$1.1 million. A fully functional prototype was demonstrated to awe-struck crowds.
But it wasn’t all big cars and big money. To add dimension to the proceedings, the slot was being auctioned by Ford in a benevolent gesture to raise funds for the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation. The worthy organization will benefit from all monetary proceeds.
Craig Jackson, owner of Barrett-Jackson auctioneers, placed the winning bid himself. It’s no secret that Jackson is a huge Mustang fan and dedicated collector; he already owns several historic GT500 models. Jackson’s $1.1 million bid proved to be the second highest price ever paid for a Mustang at auction. Fox News reported that a 1967 Shelby GT500 “Super Snake” went for $2.2 million at auction the previous weekend. That’s double Jackson’s payout.
The auction prototype of the 2020 Mustang Shelby GT500 was a show-stopping yellow; however, Jackson will be able to order whatever configuration and color he likes when he cashes in on his auction win.
You've waited long enough. Say hello to your GT500. 🐍
由 Ford Mustang 发布于 2019年1月14日周一
And now for the gear heads: The new GT500 features a 5.2-liter V8 with over 700 horsepower. “It can cover a quarter-mile in under 11 seconds,” Ford say, making it one of the quickest cars in the world. The model was unveiled to enthusiastic crowds at the Detroit Auto Show earlier in the week.
The Barrett-Jackson auction was a field day for car lovers. In addition to the astonishing Shelby GT500 bid, the auction showcased the first pre-production Mustang coupe, a 1964 model, hand built at the Ford Pilot Plant. Only three survive. For the sake of conscientious historical accuracy, the ’64 model was used during the filming of the upcoming “Ford v.Ferrari” film directed by James Mangold, released this year.
Hold your breath. It sold for $192,500.
Are you a gear head? Is the new Mustang Shelby worth $1.1million? Let us know!


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The Mindset of an Entrepreneur
Time to Prepare for Tourism Reopening
One of the sectors that will lead the Philippine recovery once a vaccine becomes available to the public is tourism because of its direct linkage to economic development.
Another casualty in the ongoing coronavirus pandemic is our formal education system. The month of June every year is usually the time when millions of Filipino students troop back to their schools and learn. But because COVID-19 prevents any possibility of face-to-face learning, the Department of Education (DepEd) postponed the opening of classes to August 24, 2020. In addition, it has mandated online schooling in lieu of the traditional classroom setting.
The Worst is Over for the Philippines
Dwelling on the negative and being pessimistic about everything will not help us overcome the psychological effects of the pandemic. One way to get past the health crisis is to look at the other side of the coin. Many positives in the economy are actually emerging simply because we are already over the hump.
News About MBV
Manny Villar Among Forbes' 'Heroes of Philanthropy'
MANILA, Philippines — Billionaire businessman and former senator Manny Villar was hailed as one of Forbes Asia’s “Heroes of Philanthropy” for the year 2020, which highlighted outstanding 15 altruists in the Asia-Pacific region.
No Private Jets or Fancy Cars for Manny Villar – 5 Ways the Philippines’ Richest Man and Former Presidential Candidate Lives Modestly
Once an impoverished child who sold seafood, now the Filipino tycoon behind the Villar Group is worth US$5.6 billion through his interests in real estate, malls, hospitality and education – but he stills flies cabin, drives a Toyota and works remotely from a coffee shop.

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360 FORMS OF ENERGY Much more of the power of an engine is used in overcoming the force of gravity when climbing than is used to maintain a given altitude during flight, just as is true of climbing mountains with an automobile. Higher speeds are possible at high altitudes partly because the air has less resistance due to its lower density at higher altitudes. New advances in petroleum technology have not only made available large quantities of gasoline of 100 octane number or higher, thus considerably increasing the potential power of airplane engines designed to use such fuels, but they have also made possible a high-octanenumber fuel no more volatile than kerosene with a flash point (temperature at which the vapors will ignite) above 100° F. in contrast with flash points below room temperature for gasolines. Such fuels would Fig. 153. Starting an airplane engine by means of a cartridge. (Photograph by Rudy Arnold.) be much safer to use, but their use would require that the fuel be injected into the engine as in the Diesel engine rather than be mixed with air in a carburetor. Diesel engines have already competed successfully w'ith air-cooled gasoline engines for use in airplanes. Perhaps the airplane engine of the future will represent a compromise between the gasoline engine and the Diesel engine. The maintenance of Diesel engines is more costly than that of gasoline engines, and for that reason Diesel airplane engines have not been developed in the United States, where gasoline is plentiful. Aeronautical engineers predict that engines of 5000 horsepower, liquid-cooled, of 24 or more cylinders, may be developed within the decade 1940-1950. Many planes are now equipped with self-starters consisting of explosive cartridges that fire a charge of gas into the motor. Another starter used for light planes is the hydraulic type of enginestarter, which uses oil compressed by a hand pump in the plane cabin. Plastics Have Made Many Contributions to Modem Airplanes. There has been a gradual change from the wire sticks and fabrics used to construct the first airplanes through the use of stainless steel and aluminum to the use of plastics and plywood.
AIRPLANE A TRIUMPH OF MODERN SCIENCE 361 Experimental airplanes have demonstrated that the wings and fuselage may be molded in large quantities at low cost from plastics laminated with plywood. The strength for a given weight of such plastic materials exceeds by ten times that of stainless steel in local buckling, but not in tensile strength. Fig. 154. Plastic-plywood plane. (Courtes> of the Langley Aviation Corporation.) The surface of such planes may be made very smooth, thus reducing skin friction. Plastic surfaces are resistant to weather, impervious to water, reasonably fireproof, and corrosion-proof. Plastics enter modern aircraft in many minor ways, such as in their use for instrument cases. Windows are sometimes made of acrylic resin sheets. Neoprene Gasoline Tanks Have Many Advantages. Neoprene-rubber gasoline tanks, called Mareng cells, have the following advantages: 1. They eliminate corrosion. 2. They are not affected by vibration or the surging of the gasoline in them.


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In the United States, more than I have found in other countries, there is a hypocritical, puritanical approach by many men who find sex via teasing exciting as a substitute for the real thing. The Playboy Club phenomenon was one example. The strip shows and strip clubs have been other examples. Guys have been fleeced in bars even when as an alternative prostitutes were readily available, as on line today, at flat rates known in advance. Results of the big tease are dramatized in the new film “Hustlers,” written and directed by Lorene Scafaria and based on a New York Magazine article by Jessica Pressler.
The film mainly tunes into the lives of Destiny (Constance Wu) and Ramona (Jennifer Lopez), who in 2007 work in a strip club. Ramona takes the beginner Destiny under her wing and teaches her the art of provocative pole dancing, and the film luxuriates in scenes of scantily clad women strutting their stuff before sex-hungry men who toss increasing amounts of bills on stage in response to the step-by-step disrobing, body-wiggling and bust exposure. Occasionally there may be oral sex in a back room. The women resent cuts into their hard-work earnings taken by management.
The unfolding story gives us a human portrait of the women struggling to make a living. Destiny supports a grandmother whom she loves. Ramona is bent on creating a life of luxury. She is very controlling, which ultimately leads to resentment on the part of Destiny.
The film escalates when Ramona, justifying her behavior on contempt for men whom she feels are fleecing the public as they earn money on Wall Street and elsewhere, concocts a scheme by which she and accomplices will lure men to a strip joint and spike their drinks. When the victims are drunk, the women will steal their credit cards and run up huge tabs on them. At first, they get away with it because the married men can’t admit to what they were up to when robbed. Inevitably, one bravely blows the whistle and the women are arrested and criminally charged. The plot structure involves Destiny being interviewed by Julia Stiles as a fictionalized version of the magazine article author.
What does the film add up to? More flesh than insight. The women are dazzling to look at, and Lopez gives a dynamic portrayal as a savvy but manipulative sexual force. Wu has her appeal as one who is shy at first but with newly educated know-how joins the conspiracy and becomes jealous when Ramona fixes attention on another. The film does offer somewhat of a look into this world of sexploitation, both of the women and the men they hoodwink. But it is difficult to become vary emotionally involved with the characters. Yet the film does emerge as a colorful eyeful. A Stix Films release. Reviewed September 13, 2019.

domain: entertainment


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Last year, Wanuri Kahiu‘s lesbian romance, Rafiki, made history as the first Kenyan film to debut at Cannes. Well, if you’re in Lagos, and you’ve been dying to watch the much-talked-about film, you finally have your chance: it will be screening this weekend at the African Artists’ Foundation.
Rafiki follows the story of Kena and Ziki who, “despite the political rivalry between their families, resist and remain close friends”. When love blossoms between them, the two girls are forced to choose between happiness and safety, given the conservative society they live in.
The film stirred up a lot of controversy after being banned in Kenya, for “promoting lesbianism”. The ban was, however, lifted for one week, so the film could qualify for an Oscar nomination — telling you everything you need to know about Africa’s fake sense of morality.
Regardless of all the drama, we finally get to watch it this Sunday. The Women’s Film Club — created to celebrate women in and through film — will be screening the film in Lagos, and we’re super excited. We’re definitely looking forward to watching, so please come join us.
If you haven’t already, check out the trailer right here:
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Actress Gwyneth Paltrow talks about her new film Contagion
Hollywood actress Gwyneth Paltrow says she does not like to spend too much time away from her family when she is working on filming projects.
The actress is currently at the Venice Film Festival promoting the film Contagion which also stars Matt Damon. The film, directed by Steven Soderbergh, is a story about a deadly virus that spreads around the planet.
Film clip courtesy of Warner Bros.
05 Sep 2011
- From the section Entertainment & Arts

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How Do You Select The Best Driveway or Driveway Pavement?
Driveway to a farm Driveway apron and sloped curb to a public street, all under construction
A driveway (also called drive in UK English) Driveway Pavement in Fourways is a type of private road for local access to one or a small group of structures, and is owned and maintained by an individual or group.
Driveways rarely have traffic lights, but some that bear heavy traffic, especially those leading to commercial businesses and parks, do.
Driveways may be decorative in ways that public roads cannot, because of their lighter traffic and the willingness of owners to invest in their construction. Driveways are not resurfaced, snow blown or otherwise maintained by governments. They are generally designed to conform to the architecture of connected houses or other buildings.
Some of the materials that can be used for driveways include concrete, decorative brick, cobblestone, block paving, asphalt, gravel, decomposed granite, and surrounded with grass or other ground-cover plants.
Driveways are commonly used as paths to private garages, carports, or houses. On large estates, a driveway may be the road that leads to the house from the public road, possibly with a gate in between. Some driveways divide to serve different homeowners. A driveway may also refer to a small apron of pavement in front of a garage with a curb cut in the sidewalk, sometimes too short to accommodate a car.
Often, either by choice or to conform with local regulations, cars are parked in driveways in order to leave streets clear for traffic. Moreover, some jurisdictions prohibit parking or leaving standing any motor vehicle upon any residential lawn area (defined as the property from the front of a residential house, condominium, or cooperative to the street line other than a driveway, walkway, concrete or blacktopped surface parking space). Other examples include the city of Berkeley, California that forbids “any person to park or leave standing, or cause to be parked or left standing any vehicle upon any public street in the City for seventy-two or more consecutive hours.” Other areas may prohibit leaving vehicles on residential streets during certain times (for instance, to accommodate regular street cleaning), necessitating the use of driveways.
Residential driveways are also used for such things as garage sales, automobile washing and repair, and recreation, notably (in North America) for basketball practice.
Another form of driveway is a ‘Run-Up’, or short piece of land used usually at the front of the property to park a vehicle on.
Interesting Facts About Driveway Pavement in Northgate:
About Driveway Pavement in Northgate:Permeable paving demonstration Stone paving in Santarém, Portugal
Permeable paving is a method of paving vehicle and pedestrian pathways that allows for infiltration of fluids. In pavement design the base is the top portion of the roadway that pedestrians or vehicles come into contact with. The media used for the base of permeable paving may be porous to allow for fluids to flow through it or nonporous media that are spaced so that fluid may flow in between the crack may be used. In addition to reducing surface runoff, permeable paving can trap suspended solids therefore filtering pollutants from stormwater. Examples include roads, paths, and parking lots that are subject to light vehicular traffic, such as cycle-paths, service or emergency access lanes, road and airport shoulders, and residential sidewalks and driveways.
Although some porous paving materials appear nearly indistinguishable from nonporous materials, their environmental effects are qualitatively different. Whether it is pervious concrete, porous asphalt, paving stones or concrete or plastic-based pavers, all these pervious materials allow stormwater to percolate and infiltrate the surface areas, traditionally impervious to the soil below. The goal is to control stormwater at the source, reduce runoff and improve water quality by filtering pollutants in the substrata layers.
Permeable solutions can be based on: porous asphalt and concrete surfaces, concrete pavers (permeable interlocking concrete paving systems – PICP), or polymer-based grass pavers, grids and geocells. Porous pavements and concrete pavers (actually the voids in-between them) enable stormwater to drain through a stone base layer for on-site infiltration and filtering. Polymer based grass grid or cellular paver systems provide load bearing reinforcement for unpaved surfaces of gravel or turf.
Grass pavers, plastic turf reinforcing grids (PTRG), and geocells (cellular confinement systems) are honeycombed 3D grid-cellular systems, made of thin-walled HDPE plastic or other polymer alloys. These provide grass reinforcement, ground stabilization and gravel retention. The 3D structure reinforces infill and transfers vertical loads from the surface, distributing them over a wider area. Selection of the type of cellular grid depends to an extent on the surface material, traffic and loads. The cellular grids are installed on a prepared base layer of open-graded stone (higher void spacing) or engineered stone (stronger). The surface layer may be compacted gravel or topsoil seeded with grass and fertilizer. In addition to load support, the cellular grid reduces compaction of the soil to maintain permeability, while the roots improve permeability due to their root channels.
In new suburban growth, porous pavements protect watersheds. In existing built-up areas and towns, redevelopment and reconstruction are opportunities to implement stormwater water management practices. Permeable paving is an important component in Low Impact Development (LID), a process for land development in the United States that attempts to minimize impacts on water quality and the similar concept of sustainable drainage systems (SuDS) in the United Kingdom.
The infiltration capacity of the native soil is a key design consideration for determining the depth of base rock for stormwater storage or for whether an underdrain system is needed.
Permeable paving surfaces have been demonstrated as effective in managing runoff from paved surfaces. Large volumes of urban runoff causes serious erosion and siltation in surface water bodies. Permeable pavers provide a solid ground surface, strong enough to take heavy loads, like large vehicles, while at the same time they allow water to filter through the surface and reach the underlying soils, mimicking natural ground absorption. They can reduce downstream flooding and stream bank erosion, and maintain base flows in rivers to keep ecosystems self-sustaining. Permeable pavers also combat erosion that occurs when grass is dry or dead, by replacing grassed areas in suburban and residential environments.
Permeable paving surfaces keep the pollutants in place in the soil or other material underlying the roadway, and allow water seepage to groundwater recharge while preventing the stream erosion problems. They capture the heavy metals that fall on them, preventing them from washing downstream and accumulating inadvertently in the environment. In the void spaces, naturally occurring micro-organisms digest car oils, leaving little but carbon dioxide and water. Rainwater infiltration is usually less than that of an impervious pavement with a separate stormwater management facility somewhere downstream..in areas where infiltration is not possible due to unsuitable soil conditions permeable pavements are used in the attenuation mode where water is retained in the pavement and slowly released to surface water systems between storm events.
Permeable pavements may give urban trees the rooting space they need to grow to full size. A "structural-soil" pavement base combines structural aggregate with soil; a porous surface admits vital air and water to the rooting zone. This integrates healthy ecology and thriving cities, with the living tree canopy above, the city's traffic on the ground, and living tree roots below. The benefits of permeables on urban tree growth have not been conclusively demonstrated and many researchers have observed tree growth is not increased if construction practices compact materials before permeable pavements are installed.
Permeable pavements are designed to replace Effective Impervious Areas (EIAs), not to manage stormwater from other impervious surfaces on site. Use of this technique must be part of an overall on site management system for stormwater, and is not a replacement for other techniques.
Also, in a large storm event, the water table below the porous pavement can rise to a higher level preventing the precipitation from being absorbed into the ground. The additional water is stored in the open graded crushed drain rock base and remains until the subgrade can absorb the water. For clay-based soils, or other low to 'non'-draining soils, it is important to increase the depth of the crushed drain rock base to allow additional capacity for the water as it waits to be infiltrated.
The best way to prevent this problem is to understand the soil infiltration rate, and design the pavement and base depths to meet the volume of water. Or, allow for adequate rain water run off at the pavement design stage.
Highly contaminated runoff can be generated by some land uses where pollutant concentrations exceed those typically found in stormwater. These "hot spots" include commercial plant nurseries, recycling facilities, fueling stations, industrial storage, marinas, some outdoor loading facilities, public works yards, hazardous materials generators (if containers are exposed to rainfall), vehicle service and maintenance areas, and vehicle and equipment washing and steam cleaning facilities. Since porous pavement is an infiltration practice, it should not be applied at stormwater hot spots due to the potential for groundwater contamination. All contaminated runoff should be prevented from entering municipal storm drain systems by using best management practices (BMPs) for the specific industry or activity.
Reference sources differ on whether low or medium traffic volumes and weights are appropriate for porous pavements. For example, around truck loading docks and areas of high commercial traffic, porous pavement is sometimes cited as being inappropriate. However, given the variability of products available, the growing number of existing installations in North America and targeted research by both manufacturers and user agencies, the range of accepted applications seems to be expanding. Some concrete paver companies have developed products specifically for industrial applications. Working examples exist at fire halls, busy retail complex parking lots, and on public and private roads, including intersections in parts of North America with quite severe winter conditions.
Permeable pavements may not be appropriate when land surrounding or draining into the pavement exceeds a 20 percent slope, where pavement is down slope from buildings or where foundations have piped drainage at their footers. The key is to ensure that drainage from other parts of a site is intercepted and dealt with separately rather than being directed onto permeable surfaces.
Cold climates may present special challenges. Road salt contains chlorides that could migrate through the porous pavement into groundwater. Snow plow blades could catch block edges and damage surfaces. Sand cannot be used for snow and ice control on perveous asphalt or concrete because it will plug the pores and reduce permeability. Infiltrating runoff may freeze below the pavement, causing frost heave, though design modifications can reduce this risk. These potential problems do not mean that porous pavement cannot be used in cold climates. Porous pavement designed to reduce frost heave has been used successfully in Norway. Furthermore, experience suggests that rapid drainage below porous surfaces increases the rate of snow melt above.
Some estimates put the cost of permeable paving at two to three times that of conventional asphalt paving. Using permeable paving, however, can reduce the cost of providing larger or more stormwater BMPs on site, and these savings should be factored into any cost analysis. In addition, the off-site environmental impact costs of not reducing on-site stormwater volumes and pollution have historically been ignored or assigned to other groups (local government parks, public works and environmental restoration budgets, fisheries losses, etc.) The City of Olympia, Washington is studying the use of pervious concrete quite closely and finding that new stormwater regulations are making it a viable alternative to storm water.
Some permeable pavements require frequent maintenance because grit or gravel can block the open pores. This is commonly done by industrial vacuums that suck up all the sediment. If maintenance is not carried out on a regular basis, the porous pavements can begin to function more like impervious surfaces. With more advanced paving systems the levels of maintenance needed can be greatly decreased, elastomerically bound glass pavements requires less maintenance than regular concrete paving as the glass bound pavement has 50% more void space.
Plastic grid systems, if selected and installed correctly, are becoming more and more popular with local government maintenance personnel owing to the reduction in maintenance efforts: reduced gravel migration and weed suppression in public park settings.
Some permeable paving products are prone to damage from misuse, such as drivers who tear up patches of plastic & gravel grid systems by "joy riding" on remote parking lots at night. The damage is not difficult to repair but can look unsightly in the meantime. Grass pavers require supplemental watering in the first year to establish the vegetation, otherwise they may need to be re-seeded. Regional climate also means that most grass applications will go dormant during the dry season. While brown vegetation is only a matter of aesthetics, it can influence public support for this type of permeable paving.
Traditional permeable concrete paving bricks tend to lose their color in relatively short time which can be costly to replace or clean and is mainly due to the problem of efflorescence.
Efflorescence is a hardened crystalline deposit of salts, which migrate from the center of concrete or masonry pavers to the surface to form insoluble calcium carbonates that harden on the surface. Given time, these deposits form much like how a stalactite takes shape in a cave, except in this case on a flat surface. Efflorescence usually appears white, gray or black depending on the region.
Over time efflorescence begins to negatively affect the overall appearance of masonry/concrete and may cause the surfaces to become slippery when exposed to moisture. If left unchecked, this efflorescence will harden whereby the calcium/lime deposits begin to affect the integrity of the cementatious surface by slowly eroding away the cement paste and aggregate. In some cases it will also discolor stained or coated surfaces.
Efflorescence forms more quickly in areas that are exposed to excessive amounts of moisture such as near pool decks, spas, and fountains or where irrigation runoff is present. As a result, these affected regions become very slick when wet thereby causing a significant loss of "friction coefficient". This can be of serious concern especially as a public safety issue to individuals, principals and property owners by exposing them to possible injury and increased general liability claims.
Efflorescence remover chemicals can be used to remove calcium/lime build-up without damaging the integrity of the paving surface.
Installation of porous pavements is no more difficult than that of dense pavements, but has different specifications and procedures which must be strictly adhered to. Nine different families of porous paving materials present distinctive advantages and disadvantages for specific applications. Here are examples:Main article: Pervious concrete
Pervious concrete is widely available, can bear frequent traffic, and is universally accessible. Pervious concrete quality depends on the installer's knowledge and experience.
Plastic grids allow for a 100% porous system using structural grid systems for containing and stabilizing either gravel or turf. These grids come in a variety of shapes and sizes depending on use; from pathways to commercial parking lots. These systems have been used readily in Europe for over a decade, but are gaining popularity in North America due to requirements by government for many projects to meet LEED environmental building standards. Plastic grid system are also popular with homeowners due to their lower cost to install, ease of installation, and versatility. The ideal design for this type of grid system is a closed cell system, which prevents gravel/sand/turf from migrating laterally. It is also known as Grass pavers / Turf Pavers in India
Porous asphalt is produced and placed using the same methods as conventional asphalt concrete; it differs in that fine (small) aggregates are omitted from the asphalt mixture. The remaining large, single-sized aggregate particles leave open voids that give the material its porosity and permeability. To ensure pavement strength, fiber may be added to the mix or a polymer-modified asphalt binder may be used. Generally, porous asphalt pavements are designed with a subsurface reservoir that holds water that passes through the pavement, allowing it to evaporate and/or percolate slowly into the surround soils.
Open-graded friction courses (OGFC) are a porous asphalt surface course used on highways to improve driving safety by removing water from the surface. Unlike a full-depth porous asphalt pavement, OGFCs do not drain water to the base of a pavement. Instead, they allow water to infiltrate the top 3/4 to 1.5 inch of the pavement and then drain out to the side of the roadway. This can improve the friction characteristics of the road and reducing road spray.
Single-sized aggregate without any binder, e.g. loose gravel, stone-chippings, is another alternative. Although it can only be safely used in very low-speed, low-traffic settings, e.g. car-parks and drives, its potential cumulative area is great.Grass pavement
Porous turf, if properly constructed, can be used for occasional parking like that at churches and stadia. Plastic turf reinforcing grids can be used to support the increased load.:2  Living turf transpires water, actively counteracting the "heat island" with what appears to be a green open lawn.Main article: interlocking concrete pavers
Permeable interlocking concrete pavements are concrete units with open, permeable spaces between the units.:2 They give an architectural appearance, and can bear both light and heavy traffic, particularly interlocking concrete pavers, excepting high-volume or high-speed roads. Some products are polymer-coated and have an entirely porous face.
Permeable clay brick pavements are fired clay brick units with open, permeable spaces between the units. Clay pavers provide a durable surface that allows stormwater runoff to permeate through the joints.Main article: Resin bound paving
Resin bound paving is a mixture of resin binder and aggregate. Clear resin is used to fully coat each aggregate particle before laying. Enough resin is used to allow each aggregate particle to adhere to one another and to the base yet leave voids for water to permeate through. Resin bound paving provides a strong and durable surface that is suitable for pedestrian and vehicular traffic in applications such as pathways, driveways, car parks and access roads.
Elastomerically bound recycled glass porous pavement consisting of bonding processed post consumer glass with a mixture of resins, pigments, granite and binding agents. Approximately 75 percent of glass in the U.S. is disposed in landfills.
Stormwater management practices related to roadways:
Driveway Pavement in NorthgateSealcoating a road on the University of California, Davis campus in 2013.
Sealcoating, or pavement sealing, is the process of applying a protective coating to asphalt-based pavements to provide a layer of protection from the elements: water, oils, and U.V. damage.
Sealcoat or pavement sealer is a coating for asphalt-based pavements. Sealcoating is marketed as a protective coating that extends the life of asphalt pavements. There is not any independent research that proves these claims.
Sealcoating may also reduce the friction or anti-skid properties associated with the exposed aggregates in asphalt.
Not all pavement sealcoat are created equal. For example, refined tar-based sealer offers the best protecting against water penetration and chemical resistance. Asphalt-based sealer typically offers poor protection against environmental chemical and harsher climates (salt water). Petroleum-based sealer offer protection against water and chemicals somewhere between the other two sealers. Another difference between coatings is in terms of wear. Again, refined tar-based sealer offers the best wear characteristics (typically 3–5 years) while asphalt-based sealer may last 1–3 years. Petroleum-based sealer falls between refined tar and asphalt.
There are concerns about pavement sealer polluting the environment after it is abraded from the surface of the pavement. Some states in North America have banned the use of coal tar–based sealants primarily based on United States Geological Survey studies. The industry group that represents sealcoat manufacturers has performed numerous research and reviews of the USGS and have found it to be erroneous, biased (citation and white hat, to name a few) and too generalized in order to draw the conclusions that the United States Geological Survey claims.
There are primarily three types of pavement sealers. They are commonly known as refined tar-based (coal tar based), asphalt-based, and petroleum-based. All three have their advantages but are typically chosen by the contractors’ preference unless otherwise specified.
Prior to application the surface must be completely clean and dry using sweeping methods and/or blowers. If the surface is not clean and dry, then poor adhesion will result. Pavement sealers are applied with either pressurized spray equipment, or self-propelled squeegee machines or by hand with a squeegee. Equipment must have continuous agitation to maintain consistency of the sealcoat mix. The process is typically a two-coat application which requires 24 to 48 hours of curing before vehicles can be allowed back on the surface. Once the surface is properly prepared, then properly mixed sealer will be applied at about 60 square feet per gallon per coat.The Sealcoating Process
Some studies that suggest that refined tar sealants are a significant contributor to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon levels in streams and creek beds and that the continual application of sealcoats may be a significant factor. As a result, a few municipalities in the United States have banned this material. The same studies also suggest that it can be harmful if ingested before curing and ingesting soil or dust contaminated by eroded coal tar sealant. It is also known to have effects on fish and other animals that live in water.
Permeable pavingRaised sidewalks beside a 2000-year-old paved road, Pompeii, Italy
A sidewalk (American English) or pavement (British English), also known as a footpath or footway, is a path along the side of a road. A sidewalk may accommodate moderate changes in grade (height) and is normally separated from the vehicular section by a curb. There may also be a median strip or road verge (a strip of vegetation, grass or bushes or trees or a combination of these) either between the sidewalk and the roadway or between the sidewalk and the boundary.
In some places, the same term may also be used for a paved path, trail or footpath that is not next to a road, for example, a path through a park.
The term "sidewalk" is usually preferred in most of North America, along with many other countries worldwide that are not members of the Commonwealth of Nations. The term "pavement" is more common in the United Kingdom, as well as parts of the Mid-Atlantic United States such as Philadelphia and New Jersey. Many Commonwealth countries use the term "footpath". The professional, civil engineering and legal term for this in North America is "sidewalk" while in the United Kingdom it is "footway".
In the United States, the term sidewalk is used for the pedestrian path beside a road. "Shared use paths" or "multi-use paths" are available for use by both pedestrians and bicyclists. "Walkway" is a more comprehensive term that includes stairs, ramps, passageways, and related structures that facilitate the use of a path as well as the sidewalk.
In the UK, the term "footpath" is mostly used for paths that do not abut a roadway. The term "shared-use path" is used where cyclists are also able to use the same section of path as pedestrians.East India House, Leadenhall Street, London, 1766. The sidewalk is separated from the main street by six bollards in front of the building.
There is evidence that sidewalks were built in ancient times. It was claimed that the Greek city of Corinth was paved by the 4th-century, and the Romans were particularly prolific sidewalk builders – they called them semitas.
However, by the Middle Ages, narrow roads had reverted to being simultaneously used by pedestrians and wagons without any formal separation between the two categories. Early attempts at ensuring the adequate maintenance of foot-ways or sidewalks were often made, such as the 1623 Act for Colchester, although they were generally not very effective.
Following the Great Fire of London in 1666, attempts were slowly made to bring some order to the sprawling city. In 1671, 'Certain Orders, Rules and Directions Touching the Paving and Cleansing The Streets, Lanes and Common Passages within the City of London' were formulated, calling for all streets to be adequately paved for pedestrians with cobblestones. Purbeck stone was widely used as a durable paving material. Bollards were also installed to protect pedestrians from the traffic in the middle of the road.
A series of Paving Acts from the House of Commons during the 18th century, especially the 1766 Paving & Lighting Act, authorized the City of London Corporation to create foot-ways throughout all the streets of London, to pave them with Purbeck stone (the thoroughfare in the middle was generally cobblestone) and to raise them above the street level with curbs forming the separation. The Corporation was also made responsible for the regular upkeep of the roads, including their cleaning and repair, for which they charged a tax from 1766. By the late 19th-century large and spacious sidewalks were routinely constructed in European capitals, and were associated with urban sophistication.
In the United States, adjoining property owners must in most situations finance all or part of the cost of sidewalk construction. In a legal case in 1917 involving E. L. Stewart, a former member of the Louisiana House of Representatives and a lawyer in Minden in Webster Parish, the Louisiana Supreme Court ruled that owners must pay whether they wish for the sidewalk to be constructed or not.Pedestrians walking on the pavement (sidewalk) in London.
Sidewalks play an important role in transportation, as they provide a safe path for people to walk along that is separated from the motorized traffic. They aid road safety by minimizing interaction between pedestrians and motorized traffic. Sidewalks are normally in pairs, one on each side of the road, with the center section of the road for motorized vehicles.
In rural roads, sidewalks may not be present as the amount of traffic (pedestrian or motorized) may not be enough to justify separating the two. In suburban and urban areas, sidewalks are more common. In town and city centers (known as downtown in North America) the amount of pedestrian traffic can exceed motorized traffic, and in this case the sidewalks can occupy more than half of the width of the road, or the whole road can be reserved for pedestrians, see Pedestrian zone.
Sidewalks may have a small effect on reducing vehicle miles traveled and carbon dioxide emissions. A study of sidewalk and transit investments in Seattle neighborhoods found vehicle travel reductions of 6 to 8% and CO2 emission reductions of 1.3 to 2.2% Sidewalk with bike path See also: Road traffic safety
Research commissioned for the Florida Department of Transportation, published in 2005, found that, in Florida, the Crash Reduction Factor (used to estimate the expected reduction of crashes during a given period) resulting from the installation of sidewalks averaged 74%. Research at the University of North Carolina for the U.S. Department of Transportation found that the presence or absence of a sidewalk and the speed limit are significant factors in the likelihood of a vehicle/pedestrian crash. Sidewalk presence had a risk ratio of 0.118, which means that the likelihood of a crash on a road with a paved sidewalk was 88.2 percent lower than one without a sidewalk. “This should not be interpreted to mean that installing sidewalks would necessarily reduce the likelihood of pedestrian/motor vehicle crashes by 88.2 percent in all situations. However, the presence of a sidewalk clearly has a strong beneficial effect of reducing the risk of a ‘walking along roadway’ pedestrian/motor vehicle crash.” The study does not count crashes that happen when walking across a roadway. The speed limit risk ratio was 1.116, which means that a 16.1-km/h (10-mi/h) increase in the limit yields a factor of (1.116)10 or 3.
The presence or absence of sidewalks was one of three factors that were found to encourage drivers to choose lower, safer speeds.
On the other hand, the implementation of schemes which involve the removal of sidewalks, such as shared space schemes, are reported to deliver a dramatic drop in crashes and congestion too, which indicates that a number of other factors, such as the local speed environment, also play an important role in whether sidewalks are necessarily the best local solution for pedestrian safety.
In cold weather, black ice is a common problem with unsalted sidewalks. The ice forms a thin transparent surface film which is almost impossible to see, and so results in many slips by pedestrians.
Riding bicycles on sidewalks is discouraged since some research shows it to be more dangerous than riding in the street. Some jurisdictions prohibit sidewalk riding except for children. In addition to the risk of cyclist/pedestrian collisions, cyclists face increase risks from collisions with motor vehicles at street crossings and driveways. Riding in the direction opposite to traffic in the adjacent lane is especially risky.
Since residents of neighborhoods with sidewalks are more likely to walk, they tend to have lower rates of cardiovascular disease, obesity, and other health issues related to sedentary lifestyles. Also, children who walk to school have been shown to have better concentration.Native Americans busking at Orchard Road, Singapore
Some sidewalks may be used as social spaces with sidewalk cafes, markets, or busking musicians, as well as for parking for a variety of vehicles including cars, motorbikes and bicycles.
Contemporary sidewalks are most often made of concrete in the United States and Canada, while tarmac, asphalt, brick, stone, slab and (increasingly) rubber are more common in Europe. Different materials are more or less friendly environmentally: pumice-based trass, for example, when used as an extender is less energy-intensive than Portland cement concrete or petroleum-based materials such as asphalt or tar-penetration macadam). Multi-use paths alongside roads are sometimes made of materials that are softer than concrete, such as asphalt.
In the 19th century and early 20th century, sidewalks of wood were common in some North American locations. They may still be found at historic beach locations and in conservation areas to protect the land beneath and around, called boardwalks.
Brick sidewalks are found in some urban areas, usually for aesthetic purposes. Brick sidewalk construction usually involves the usage of a mechanical vibrator to lock the bricks in place after they have been laid (and/or to prepare the soil before laying). Although this might also be done by other tools (as regular hammers and heavy rolls), a vibrator is often used to speed up the process.
Stone slabs called flagstones or flags are sometimes used where an attractive appearance is required, as in historic town centers. In other places, pre-cast concrete slabs (called paving slabs or, less correctly, paving stones) are used. These may be colored or textured to resemble stone.Freshly laid concrete sidewalk, with horizontal strain-relief grooves faintly visible
In the United States and Canada, the most common type of sidewalk consists of a poured concrete ribbon, examples of which from as early as the 1860s can be found in good repair in San Francisco, and stamped with the name of the contractor and date of installation. When quantities of Portland cement were first imported to the United States in the 1880s, its principal use was in the construction of sidewalks.
Today, most sidewalk ribbons are constructed with cross-lying strain-relief grooves placed or sawn at regular intervals typically 5 feet (1.5 m) apart. This partitioning, an improvement over the continuous slab, was patented in 1924 by Arthur Wesley Hall and William Alexander McVay, who wished to minimize damage to the concrete from the effects of tectonic and temperature fluctuations, both of which can crack longer segments. The technique is not perfect, as freeze-thaw cycles (in cold-weather regions) and tree root growth can eventually result in damage which requires repair.
In highly variable climates which undergo multiple freeze-thaw cycles, the concrete blocks will be separated by expansion joints to allow for thermal expansion without breakage. The use of expansion joints in sidewalks may not be necessary, as the concrete will shrink while setting.
In the United Kingdom, Australia and France suburban sidewalks are most commonly constructed of tarmac. In urban or inner-city areas sidewalks are most commonly constructed of slabs, stone, or brick depending upon the surrounding street architecture and furniture.
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A Slow Motion Disaster Caused by Centrists June 7, 2010Posted by Dwight Furrow in Dwight Furrow's Posts, politics.
Tags: stimulus package and centrists, unemployment
Economists estimate that consumer spending is 70 percent of the American economy. So when consumers slow down their spending, the economy inevitably lags and unemployment persists.
And a variety of recent economic reports suggest consumer spending remains sluggish and unemployment stubbornly high.
Yet Congress and the administration are doing nothing to reverse this situation. Jobs bills in the House and Senate are too small to do much good, extensions on unemployment insurance are running out, and many centrist Democrats seem to agree with Republicans that government spending is the problem rather than the solution. To see what is wrong with that read this post by Brad Delong. The idea of another stimulus package is not being seriously considered.
Meanwhile, state and local governments are laying off teachers, social workers, and police and canceling programs for the poor, all of which will have the effect of reducing consumer spending even more.
When consumers won’t spend, government has to make up the difference. The alternative is another recession. Of course, more government spending means a minor increase in the budget deficit. But budget deficits are a problem only if they increase interest rates (too much debt to finance means you have to raise the cost of that financing) or they stoke inflation (all that money sloshing around means producers can raise prices).
What is puzzling about all the hand-wringing about deficits is that there is no sign of inflation or increasing interest rates. So why is everyone (including Democrats) clamoring for deficit reduction?
It is interesting that people who trusted the market too much when housing prices were skyrocketing, now don’t trust the market when it is telling us that our budget deficit is not too high.
For political commentary by Dwight Furrow visit: www.revivingliberalism.com


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Two men attacked and raped a mother of four inside her home in Afton Oaks. The attack happened May 8 in the upscale neighborhood that is just east of the Galleria.
KHOU reports that “the woman’s husband came home, after picking up the couple’s children from school, and found his wife bloody. He immediately called 911. The Houston Police Department said the attack happened just before 4 p.m. at the woman’s home on Shetland Lane. Police said two men are responsible.”
Police are reviewing surveillance video from the victims home as well as other homes in the neighborhood.
See the full story on khou.com.


NGOs call for immediate Commission action on unsustainable Spanish water plan
BirdLife International, Greenpeace, the European Environmental Bureau (EEB) and WWF have today expressed support for their partner organisations in Spain (1) in calling on the Commission to initiate immediate proceedings against the Spanish government for infringement of key EU environmental legislation by the 'Spanish National Hydrological Plan' (SNHP).
The NGOs state that the development of water infrastructure projects and transfer works, such as dams and reservoirs, will significantly affect 86 Special Protection Areas under the 'Wild Birds' Directive and 82 Sites of Community Importance under the 'Habitats' Directive (2). The massive water transfers envisaged by the plan run counter to key principles enshrined in the Water Framework Directive. Moreover, one third of the total cost of around 24 billion Euro of the Plan is expected to come from EU taxpayers’ funds.
Miguel Naveso from BirdLife International commented: "The Commission has dragged its feet on this unsustainable water law for long enough. Now it is time for some concrete action. The evidence is clear: the plan could wreck up to 126 important areas for the conservation of birds, and seriously affect endangered species such as the Spanish Imperial Eagle".
Paloma Agrasot, WWF SNHP Initiative Coordinator, said: “Instead of using the EU funds for nature conservation and climate change mitigation measures, two of the environmental priorities of the EU, the Spanish Government prefers to invest in large-scale water works, in direct contravention of the principles of sustainable development and the Water Framework Directive”.
The NGOs believe it is crucial that the Commission initiates proceedings against Spain now, as parts of the plan (e.g. the "Tajo-La-Mancha" and the "Ebro-Barcelona" transfers) are being submitted for funding to the Commission without Spain undertaking any global EIA (Environment Impact Assessment).
“Our Spanish members have informed the Commission in detail about the Plan’s infringement of EU law and submitted complaints. We cannot afford to wait years before taking action while irreversible damage is done. The Commission must act now, as the guardian of the Treaty. Billions of Euro must not be granted to a project that should have been outlawed from the outset”, said John Hontelez, from the EEB.
The four NGOs have ublished a free leafltet that will be available, and posted on their websites, in order to explain the environmentazl impacts of the SNHP to a wider European audience.
The NGO call comes as experts from SEO/BirdLife (BirdLife Partner in Spain), WWF and Ecologistas en Acción (Spanish EEB member) visit Brussels to present evidence on the destructive impact of the SNHP to MEPs and Commission officials at a public hearing in the European Parliament on 18th September (2).
Contacts in Brussels
- Miguel Naveso, BirdLife International: 0032 (0) 478 47 43 91
- Paloma Agrasot, WWF: 0032 496 957388
- Stefan Scheuer, EEB: 0032 2 289 1090
- Lorenzo Consoli, Greenpeace European Unit: 0032 2 274 19 06
Notes to the editor:
(1) A press conference on the SNHP will take place on Tuesday 17th October in Madrid involving the following partner organisations in Spain:
SEO/BirdLIfe (BirdLife Partner in Spain)
EEB – Ecologistas en Acción
WWF – WWF/ADENA
(2) The public hearing “Natura 2000: Protecting Biodiversity in Europe” will take place in room ASP P5B01, in the European Parliament, from 9: 00 a.m. to 1:00 p.m. on Wednesday 18 September, hosted by Miguel Mayol MEP.


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We’re happy to announce that you can now keep track of your personal record collection on AllMusic. All of us are music fans and many of us are collectors, meticulously tracking which albums we own. Now on AllMusic album pages you can add albums to your collection list with a single click.
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This page allows you to enter the name of up to three bands or musicians, and then quickly add the albums by that artist to your collection.
Your collection is available for you to browse and sort on both the AllMusic website and on your mobile device by going into your profile area. Sort your albums by year, artist name, album title or your own rating.
From here you can rate your albums using the same five-star rating system that our editors use, and these ratings power your album recommendations.
Thoughts? Excitement? Improvement ideas? Let us know by leaving a comment below.


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At the tip of the panhandle of Oklahoma, Black Mesa, the highest point in the state, is unlike any other region of Oklahoma. The panhandle is dominated by plowed fields of corn, wheat, and sorghum irrigated with water from the diminishing Ogallala aquifer. The panhandle is less flat then you would expect. Highway 412 goes … More Black Mesa!
Today was a first! An artist in the field with me! Debby Kaspari, natural history artist and illustrator, joined us in the field to sketch Least Terns. She is illustrating an article for Oklahoma Today about rivers in the state. It was a great day to show off our most promising tern colony – perfect … More Art
The Canadian River is my second office during the summer.
Organizing BioBlitz! Oklahoma is one of my favorite jobs! I love bringing together biologists and citizen scientists to explore the biodiversity of Oklahoma. I would love to host a spring BioBlitz!, but the volatile weather and crazy school schedules make this a logistical nightmare. So my solution is to host a virtual BioBlitz! using iNaturalist. … More Virtual Spring BioBlitz!
On a chilly Saturday in March, over 30 attendees – landowners, native plant enthusiasts, conservationists, and kids – braved the grey skies and learned about private land conservation. We even got to see the namesake of the property – a copperhead snake! Check out the Photo Gallery of the event on March 25th! I am excited … More Successful Field Day!
I am super excited to announce my new project – Field Days! These will be educational Field Days highlighting topics of interest to land conservationists – landowners, biologists, land managers, conservation minded citizens. I am trying to organize them to appeal to landowners interested in maintaining natural diversity on their property and people simply interested in learning more … More Spring Field Days!
Our first real snow may come tonight! Crazy to have a 70 degrees on Monday and 80% chance of snow early Friday morning. Maybe I will take my laptop home, just in case!


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When you look at Lucy + Kento's wedding photos, I bet you would have never imagined that they were wed in October. We really lucked out on this beautiful Sunday at Thornewood Castle. The weather was ideal for these two as they said their I Dos in front of their friends and family.
When it came down to planning, these two wanted to keep it simple and romantic and just add to the beauty that is Thornewood Castle. For the ceremony, the florist added beautiful pieces to the arbor and then for the reception we had centerpieces that really accented the long rectangle tables.
Every wedding we do I always have a favorite memory and when it comes to this wedding it was easy, the mother/son dance. This had to be the best we have ever seen it was too cute for this choreographed dance. Kento's mom really showed off her skills on the dance floor. It was such a crowd pleaser, definitely one for the books.
What we loved most was just how much love and support from their parents. These two have two great pairs of role models for their marriage.

domain: artistic


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Definitions for lactamˈlæk tæm
Random House Webster's College Dictionary
any of a group of cyclic amides characterized by the NHCO group.
Origin of lactam:
1880–85; lact (one ) +am (ide )
Any of a class of cyclic amides, that are the nitrogen analogs of lactones, formed by heating amino acids; the tautomeric enol forms are known as lactims.
one of a series of anhydrides of an amido type, analogous to the lactones, as oxindol

domain: chemistry


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