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Radio analytical technique as a non-destructive technique was used in the present investigation to trace the kinetics of ion-isotopic exchange reaction taking place in Duolite ARA-9366 (nuclear grade) and Duolite A-171 (non-nuclear grade) anion exchange resins. The kinetics data suggest that during iodide ion-isotopic exchange reactions under identical experimental conditions of 40.00C, 1.000 g of ion exchange resins and 0.003 M labeled iodide ion solution, the values of specific reaction rate (min-1), amount of iodide ion exchanged (mmol), initial rate of iodide ion exchange (mmol/min) and log Kd were 0.176, 0.383, 0.067 and 7.8 respectively for Duolite ARA-9366 resin, which was higher than 0.142, 0.353, 0.050 and 7.0 respectively as that obtained for Duolite A-171 resins. Also it is observed that at a constant temperature of 40.0 °C, as the concentration of labeled iodide ion solution increases 0.001 M to 0.004 M, the percentage of iodide ions exchanged increases from 49.20% to 51.80% for Duolite ARA-9366 resins; and from 45.20% to 47.80% for Duolite A-171 resins. The similar trend was observed for the two resins during bromide ion-isotopic exchange reactions. The overall results indicate superior performance of Duolite ARA-9366 resins over Duolite A-171 resins under identical operational parameters.
International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy (Volume 18)
P.U. Singare "Application of Nondestructive Radio Tracer Technique in Performance Evaluation of Anion Exchange Resins Duolite ARA-9366 and Duolite A-171", International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy, Vol. 18, pp. 63-76, 2013

domain: chemistry


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DOWNLOAD PDF Design patterns : elements of reusable object-oriented software FULL VERSION
Detail ● ● ● ● ● ●
Author : Erich Gamma Pages : 416 pages Publisher : Addison Wesley 1994-10-31 Language : English ISBN-10 : 0201633612 ISBN-13 : 9780201633610
Description Presents a catalog of simple solutions to commonly occurring design problems. These 23 patterns allow designers to create more reusable designs without having to rediscover the design solutions themselves. The authors begin by describing what patterns are, and how they can help you design object-oriented software.
Design patterns : elements of reusable object-oriented software

domain: design


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LOS ANGELES (AP) - Maybe the Michael Jordan-less Chicago Bulls will be better than originally anticipated.
Toni Kukoc just missed his second career triple-double with 22 points, nine rebounds and 11 assists Sunday night as the revamped Bulls blew most of a 20-point lead before holding off the Los Angeles Clippers 89-84.
The win was the first for Chicago coach Tim Floyd, who succeeded Phil Jackson before the season, and came two days after the Bulls made Utah work for a 104-96 season-opening victory at the Delta Center.
Now minus Jackson, Jordan, Scottie Pippen and Dennis Rodman, among others, the Bulls beat the Jazz in the last two NBA finals for the most recent of their six championships in the 1990s.
Ron Harper and Brent Barry, two former Clippers, added 20 and 15 points, respectively, for the Bulls, who outrebounded Los Angeles 50-37.
Lamond Murray led the Clippers, 0-2 under first-year coach Chris Ford, with 20 points. Maurice Taylor added 14 points and rookie Michael Olowokandi had 12 points and six rebounds for Los Angeles.
The Clippers had just five assists in the game - two more than the NBA record low.
The Clippers scored seven straight points - five by Murray - to cut Chicago's lead to 82-80 with 1:50 remaining, and later got within one point.
It was 86-84 when Darrick Martin tried a 3-point shot with 11 seconds left that could have given the Clippers their first lead since the beginning of the game when they were on top 2-1. However, he missed, and one free throw by Andrew Lang and two more by Barry completed the scoring.
The Clippers trailed by as many as 20 points in the second quarter, and were behind 69-53 before outscoring the Bulls 15-1 to draw within two points early in the fourth period.
Barry scored from underneath for the first Chicago field goal in 5:46, and soon the Bulls had a nine-point lead, only to see the Clippers rally again. But it fell just short.
The Bulls took a 21-10 lead in the first eight minutes thanks mainly to a 17-4 rebounding advantage, and 33-16 entering the second quarter. It was 53-39 at halftime. Notes: Clippers forward Rodney Rogers, who sprained the medial collateral ligament in his right knee in practice Saturday, sat out the game and is listed as day-today. He had 11 points and 11 rebounds in a 101-92 season-opening loss to Phoenix. ... The game was played before an announced crowd of 6,118 at the Los Angeles Sports Arena, the fewest to attend any Bulls game since 9,080 watched them beat the Clippers 105-93 at the Sports Arena on Nov. 22, 1994 during Jordan's first retirement. ... The Bulls now have a seven-game winning streak against the Clippers, who haven't beaten them since winning 95-92 before a crowd of 22,231 in Chicago on Dec. 27, 1994. That was during Jordan's first retirement. ... The Bulls extended their winning streak over the Clippers in Los Angeles to nine games, although they needed two overtimes to win last season's game between the teams here 111-102.

domain: news


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The Directorate of Revenue Intelligence (DRI) has seized more than 10 kg of gold valued at Rs 6.2 crore at the Mumbai airport in two cases of smuggling, according to a finance ministry statement released today.
In the first case, two passengers, who arrived at the Mumbai airport on board an Air India Express flight from Sharjah on June 3 were intercepted based on prior intelligence. During the examination of the passengers, 8 gold bars of 24 karat having foreign markings weighing 8 kg were found concealed inside their clothes around their waist. Acting swiftly on further intelligence, one more associate of the passengers was apprehended. Gold bars weighing 8 kg worth Rs 4.94 crore were recovered from them after a thorough search. Three persons have been arrested in the case.
In the second case, an Indian national coming from Dubai was also intercepted at Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj International (CSMI) Airport, Mumbai on 3rd June. The examination of the baggage of the passenger revealed as many as 56 ladies purses which had 24 karat gold in the form of silver colour metal wires hidden under the metallic strips.
The recovered gold wires were found to be having a net weight of 2005 grams and a provisional value of Rs.1.24 crore. The passenger was arrested in this case. The second seizure apparently involves well educated individuals who are directly involved in the planning and execution of the gold smuggling.


How Is Reggae Representative Of The Global Culture
Modified: February 18, 2024
Discover how reggae music serves as a symbol of global culture, capturing its essence and spreading its message of unity and empowerment. Embrace the rhythmic beats and soulful melodies that define the reggae genre.
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Table of Contents
Reggae music is more than just a genre; it is a cultural movement that originated in the Caribbean island of Jamaica in the late 1960s. With its distinctive beats, soulful melodies, and socially conscious lyrics, reggae has become a powerful force that has captivated audiences around the world.
At its core, reggae music is rooted in the experiences and struggles of the Jamaican people. It emerged as a form of expression for the marginalized and oppressed, giving voice to their aspirations and grievances. This music genre was heavily influenced by various musical styles, including ska, rocksteady, and mento.
However, reggae is not just limited to the shores of Jamaica. It has transcended boundaries and has become representative of global culture. Its profound impact can be felt in different aspects of our lives, from music and fashion to social movements and the quest for peace and unity.
In this article, we will explore the origins of reggae, the influence of Jamaican culture, the global spread of reggae music, its role in social movements, its impact on the global music scene, reggae festivals and events worldwide, its contribution to promoting peace and unity, and its influence on fashion and style.
Join us on this journey as we delve into the vibrant world of reggae and discover how it has become a symbol of cultural diversity and unity.
Origins of Reggae
The roots of reggae can be traced back to the 1960s in Jamaica, where it emerged as a fusion of various musical styles such as ska, rocksteady, and mento. The term “reggae” itself is believed to have originated from the Jamaican slang word “rege-rege,” which means ragged or unruly.
Reggae music was born out of the socio-political climate of Jamaica at that time. The lyrics of early reggae songs often addressed social issues, poverty, and inequality, giving voice to the struggles of the Jamaican people. The music served as a form of cultural and political protest against the system of oppression and injustice.
One of the pioneers and key figures in the development of reggae was the legendary musician Bob Marley. With his distinctive voice and powerful lyrics, Bob Marley brought reggae music to the international stage and became its global ambassador.
Reggae music is characterized by its distinctive rhythmic patterns, usually featuring offbeat accents, syncopated rhythms, and a deep bassline. The use of guitars, keyboards, horns, and drums creates a unique and infectious sound that is instantly recognizable.
The lyrical content of reggae songs often focuses on themes of love, spirituality, social justice, and unity. Many reggae artists aim to spread positive messages and uplift their listeners, inspiring them to create change and embrace a more conscious way of living.
In addition to Bob Marley, other notable reggae artists who have contributed to the genre’s development and popularity include Peter Tosh, Jimmy Cliff, Toots and the Maytals, and Burning Spear.
Today, reggae continues to evolve and blend with other genres, creating subgenres such as dancehall, reggae fusion, and reggaeton. It has become a global phenomenon, capturing the hearts of people from all walks of life and transcending cultural boundaries.
Influence of Jamaican Culture
Jamaican culture has had a profound influence on the development and evolution of reggae music. The vibrant and rich cultural heritage of the island nation has shaped the sound, themes, and style of reggae, making it uniquely Jamaican.
One of the key aspects of Jamaican culture that has influenced reggae is the Rastafarian movement. Rastafarianism emerged in Jamaica in the 1930s and is deeply intertwined with reggae music. Rastafarian beliefs, which include the worship of Ethiopian Emperor Haile Selassie as the messiah and the embracing of a natural lifestyle, are often reflected in the lyrics of reggae songs. The Rastafarian influence can be seen not only in the spiritual and social themes of reggae music but also in the iconic dreadlocks hairstyle and red, gold, and green colors associated with the movement.
Jamaican Patois, a colorful and rhythmic dialect spoken on the island, has also had a significant impact on reggae music. Many reggae songs incorporate Patois lyrics, giving them an authentic Jamaican flavor. The distinct vocal delivery and lyrical expressions in Patois add another layer of cultural authenticity to reggae music.
Jamaican cuisine, known for its bold flavors and unique blend of African, European, and Indian influences, has also played a role in shaping reggae culture. Lyrical references to Jamaican food, such as ackee and saltfish or curry goat, can be found in reggae music, further connecting the genre to Jamaican identity.
The laid-back and infectious energy of Jamaican dancehall culture has also left its mark on reggae music. Dancehall, with its energetic and rhythmic dance moves, has influenced the music and performance style of reggae artists. The infectious beats and catchy melodies of dancehall have found their way into the reggae sound, adding a more up-tempo and party-oriented vibe to the music.
Jamaica’s stunning natural landscapes and the island’s reputation as a tropical paradise have also become iconic symbols associated with reggae culture. Images of palm trees, crystal-clear waters, and lush green mountains often accompany reggae music and evoke a sense of relaxation, freedom, and escape from the troubles of the world.
Overall, Jamaican culture has played a pivotal role in shaping reggae music and giving it a distinct identity. From the spiritual and social messages of the Rastafarian movement to the vibrant language of Patois, Jamaican cuisine, dancehall culture, and the natural beauty of the island itself, the influence of Jamaican culture is deeply ingrained in the DNA of reggae music.
Spread of Reggae Worldwide
Despite its origins in Jamaica, reggae music has spread far beyond the shores of the Caribbean island and has gained a global following. The infectious rhythms, soulful melodies, and powerful messages of reggae have resonated with people from diverse cultures and backgrounds all over the world.
The international popularity of reggae music can be attributed to various factors. One significant factor is the influence of Jamaican immigrants who brought their culture and music with them when they migrated to different countries. Jamaican diaspora communities in the United Kingdom, the United States, Canada, and other parts of the world played a crucial role in spreading reggae to new audiences.
In the 1970s, reggae music started gaining traction internationally, particularly in the United Kingdom. British artists such as UB40 and Steel Pulse embraced reggae and created their unique interpretations of the genre. The influence of Bob Marley and the Wailers cannot be overstated, as their international success helped propel reggae into the mainstream.
With the advent of the internet and digital platforms, reggae music became even more accessible on a global scale. Fans from around the world could connect with and discover reggae artists and songs with just a few clicks. Online streaming services and social media platforms enabled reggae musicians to reach audiences far beyond their geographic locations, contributing to the genre’s worldwide popularity.
Reggae has also found a home in the hearts of artists from other genres. Many mainstream musicians have been influenced by reggae and have incorporated its elements into their own music. From pop stars like Rihanna to rock bands like The Police, the impact and appeal of reggae can be seen in diverse genres of music.
Reggae festivals and events around the world have also played a crucial role in the global spread of reggae. Events like the Rototom Sunsplash in Spain, Reggae Sumfest in Jamaica, and the Bob Marley Birthday Celebration in Ethiopia attract thousands of reggae enthusiasts from around the world. These festivals serve as platforms for both established reggae artists and emerging talents to showcase their music and create a sense of community among reggae lovers.
Today, reggae music continues to thrive in various corners of the globe. From Europe to Africa, Asia to the Americas, reggae has become a universal language that transcends borders and unites people through its uplifting and positive vibrations.
Reggae and Social Movements
Reggae music has long been intertwined with social movements, using its power to amplify voices and promote social change. From its early days in the Jamaican music scene to its global reach today, reggae has served as a medium for protest, cultural expression, and the fight against oppression.
One of the central themes of reggae music is social justice. Reggae musicians often address issues such as poverty, inequality, racial discrimination, and political corruption in their lyrics. The music serves as a platform to shed light on these pressing social issues, inspiring listeners to question the status quo and strive for a more equitable society.
During the 1970s, reggae music played a crucial role in the liberation struggles of countries like Zimbabwe and South Africa. Songs like Bob Marley’s “Zimbabwe” and Peter Tosh’s “Apartheid” became anthems of resistance, rallying international support for the movements fighting against colonialism and apartheid.
In addition to addressing systemic injustices, reggae music has also been a voice for marginalized communities, including the LGBTQ+ community. Artists like Buju Banton, Lady Saw, and Tanya Stephens have used their music to challenge homophobia and advocate for acceptance and equality.
Reggae’s impact on social movements extends beyond the realms of music. The Rastafarian movement, closely associated with reggae, has been at the forefront of social activism in Jamaica and beyond. Rastafarians promote peace, unity, and cultural pride, advocating for equal rights for all and drawing attention to the African diaspora’s history and struggles.
Furthermore, reggae music has been a catalyst for change in various environmental and sustainability movements. Artists like Burning Spear and Steel Pulse have used their music to raise awareness about environmental degradation, climate change, and the importance of protecting the planet.
Reggae’s power in influencing social change reaches beyond its lyrics; it has also been a tool for positive messaging and community engagement. Artists often collaborate with non-profit organizations, participate in benefit concerts, and use their platforms to raise funds and awareness for charitable causes.
Reggae’s ability to captivate and inspire people has made it a vital force in social movements throughout history, fostering unity, awareness, and a call for justice. The genre continues to connect people from all walks of life, providing a soundtrack and an outlet for those who strive for a more inclusive and equitable world.
Reggae’s Impact on Global Music Scene
Reggae music has had a profound impact on the global music scene, influencing and inspiring artists across a wide range of genres. The genre’s unique rhythm, soulful melodies, and socially conscious lyrics have left an indelible mark on music worldwide.
One of the major ways reggae has influenced the global music scene is through its rhythmic patterns. The iconic offbeat accents and syncopated rhythms of reggae have been incorporated into various genres, from pop and hip-hop to rock and electronic music. Reggae’s infectious groove has become a foundation for countless songs and has shaped the way we perceive and appreciate music.
Reggae’s distinctive sound and stylistic elements have also been embraced by artists outside of the genre. Artists such as Sting, Eric Clapton, and Bruno Mars have incorporated reggae elements into their music, creating popular hits that resonate with audiences worldwide. This blending of genres has not only widened the appeal of reggae but has also resulted in the creation of new and exciting musical fusions.
Furthermore, reggae’s influence can be heard in the development of subgenres such as ska, rocksteady, and dancehall. These subgenres have evolved from the roots of reggae and have had a significant impact on their respective music scenes. Ska, for example, played a pivotal role in the development of British punk rock in the late 1970s, with bands like The Specials and The Clash infusing ska rhythms with rebellious lyrics.
Reggae’s impact is not limited to specific regions; it has permeated cultures worldwide. Reggae artists from Jamaica and other parts of the world tour extensively, spreading the vibrancy and message of reggae to audiences across different continents. This cross-cultural exchange has led to the emergence of reggae scenes in countries like the United Kingdom, the United States, Brazil, France, and Japan, among others.
Reggae’s influence on the global music scene goes beyond its sound; its socially conscious lyrics have resonated with listeners worldwide. From songs addressing socio-political issues to those spreading messages of love, peace, and unity, reggae has become a platform for artists to express their views and connect with audiences on a deeper level.
Moreover, reggae’s impact extends to the business side of the music industry. The success of reggae artists, such as Bob Marley, has paved the way for other Jamaican musicians to achieve international recognition and commercial success. Reggae record labels and producers have also played a significant role in promoting and distributing reggae music globally, contributing to the genre’s growth and accessibility.
Overall, reggae’s impact on the global music scene cannot be overstated. Its rhythms, melodies, and messages have enriched and diversified the music we listen to today, transcending cultural boundaries and inspiring artists from all walks of life.
Reggae Festivals and Events Across the Globe
Reggae festivals and events have become a cornerstone of the global reggae community, bringing together artists, musicians, and fans from around the world to celebrate the vibrant spirit of reggae music. These festivals serve as platforms for showcasing talent, fostering cultural exchange, and uniting people through their shared love for reggae.
One of the most iconic reggae festivals is the Rototom Sunsplash held in Benicassim, Spain. This week-long event attracts reggae enthusiasts from all corners of the globe and features performances by both legendary reggae artists and emerging talents. The festival includes not only live music but also workshops, discussions, and film screenings that dive into the cultural and social impact of reggae.
In Jamaica, the home of reggae, the Reggae Sumfest is a highly anticipated annual event that draws massive crowds. This festival features some of the biggest names in reggae and dancehall music, with live performances, dance competitions, and various other activities that celebrate Jamaican music and culture.
The Sierra Nevada World Music Festival, held in Mendocino County, California, has been a prominent event on the reggae scene for over two decades. The festival showcases a diverse range of artists from around the world, emphasizing the global influence and reach of reggae music.
In Europe, the United Kingdom hosts several reggae festivals, including the One Love Festival and the Notting Hill Carnival. These events celebrate the cultural diversity of the UK, featuring reggae music alongside other genres and attracting massive crowds of music lovers.
Reggae festivals have also gained popularity in other regions of the world. Brazil, for example, hosts the Festival Reggae Brasil, which showcases a mix of national and international reggae artists. In Japan, the Tokyo Reggae Festival brings together reggae enthusiasts and artists from across the country, creating a vibrant and lively atmosphere.
Aside from these major festivals, reggae-themed events and concerts take place in numerous cities worldwide. From small venues to large arenas, these events provide opportunities for local and emerging reggae artists to share their music and connect with audiences.
Reggae festivals are not limited to showcasing musical performances alone; they often include elements of Jamaican culture, such as traditional dance, food stalls with Jamaican cuisine, and arts and crafts exhibitions. This immersive experience allows attendees to fully embrace the reggae culture and learn more about its roots.
Through these festivals and events, reggae continues to expand its reach, fostering a sense of unity and creating a global community of reggae lovers. These gatherings serve as spaces where people from diverse backgrounds can come together to celebrate the power of reggae music and its ability to connect and inspire.
Reggae’s Role in Promoting Peace and Unity
Reggae music has long been associated with promoting peace, unity, and social harmony. Through its powerful lyrics, infectious rhythms, and uplifting messages, reggae has served as a unifying force, bringing people together and instilling a sense of hope and positivity.
One of the core messages of reggae music is the call for peace. Reggae artists often emphasize the importance of resolving conflicts through peaceful means, rejecting violence and advocating for understanding and empathy. Songs like Bob Marley’s “One Love” and Peter Tosh’s “Equal Rights” have become anthems for peace, resonating with audiences worldwide and fostering a collective yearning for a more peaceful world.
Reggae’s role in promoting unity extends beyond the music itself. Reggae festivals and concerts have a unique ability to bring together people from diverse cultures, backgrounds, and walks of life. These events create a sense of community, where individuals can come together in a spirit of love and unity, transcending barriers and celebrating our shared humanity.
Reggae’s influence on breaking down boundaries is also evident in collaborations among artists from different countries and genres. Global collaborations, such as “We Are the World” and “One Love Manchester,” have showcased the power of music to unite artists in support of humanitarian causes and in response to global crises.
Furthermore, reggae’s connection to Rastafarianism, with its emphasis on peace, love, and unity, has played a significant role in spreading a message of harmony and acceptance. The Rastafarian movement promotes cultural pride, social justice, and the recognition of our interconnectedness as human beings, aligning closely with the values embedded in reggae music.
Reggae has been a driving force in inspiring social and political movements dedicated to peace and justice. Artists have used their platforms to raise awareness about issues such as racial inequality, poverty, and environmental degradation, encouraging listeners to take action and contribute to positive change.
Moreover, reggae’s impact goes beyond its lyrical content. It has been a catalyst for social gatherings and events aimed at fostering dialogue and understanding. These spaces provide opportunities for people to come together, share their experiences, and engage in discussions about important topics related to peace, unity, and social justice.
Reggae’s global reach and ability to transcend language barriers have further facilitated its role in promoting peace and unity. The universal appeal of its rhythms and melodies allows people from different cultures to connect on a deeper level, experiencing a sense of togetherness and solidarity.
In a world often marked by division and conflict, reggae music serves as a reminder of our shared humanity and the power of music to bridge gaps and promote understanding. It continues to inspire individuals to embrace peace, unity, and love, igniting a collective spirit that has the potential to transform our communities and foster global harmony.
Reggae’s Influence on Fashion and Style
Reggae’s influence extends beyond the realm of music and has made a significant impact on fashion and style. The vibrant and expressive nature of reggae music has inspired unique fashion trends and become a symbol of cultural identity and rebellion.
One of the most notable elements of reggae fashion is the iconic red, gold, and green color palette. These colors are closely associated with the Rastafarian movement, with red symbolizing the blood of African martyrs, gold representing the wealth of the homeland (Africa), and green symbolizing the lush vegetation of Jamaica. These colors are often incorporated into clothing, accessories, and even hairstyles, serving as a visual representation of reggae culture and identity.
Dreadlocks, a hairstyle associated with both reggae music and Rastafarianism, have become synonymous with reggae fashion. Inspired by the natural lifestyle embraced by Rastafarians, dreadlocks have become a powerful symbol of spiritual connection, cultural pride, and resistance to societal norms. Many reggae artists and fans proudly wear their hair in dreadlocks, further solidifying the connection between reggae music and fashion.
The influence of reggae fashion can also be seen in the use of African-inspired prints, such as dashikis and kente cloth, in clothing designs. These vibrant patterns celebrate African heritage and contribute to the visual aesthetics of reggae style. Additionally, the incorporation of loose-fitting and comfortable garments, such as kaftans and wide-legged pants, reflects the laid-back and relaxed nature of reggae music.
Accessories play a significant role in reggae fashion, often featuring symbols and motifs that carry cultural significance. Rasta-colored wristbands, necklaces with the Ethiopian flag pendant, and beaded jewelry are just a few examples of accessories that have become synonymous with reggae style.
Reggae fashion has also embraced the concept of upcycling and thrifting, aligning with the movement towards sustainable and eco-friendly practices. Vintage and second-hand clothing, along with DIY designs and customizations, are popular among reggae enthusiasts, reflecting a conscious effort to reduce waste and promote individuality.
The impact of reggae fashion is not limited to the stage and concert halls. It has influenced mainstream fashion trends and has been adopted by designers and brands worldwide. Elements of reggae fashion, such as bold colors, relaxed silhouettes, and the incorporation of cultural symbols, can be seen on runways and in clothing collections.
Reggae’s influence on fashion extends beyond clothing and accessories; it has become a lifestyle and a statement. It represents a rebellious spirit, a celebration of cultural heritage, and a way to express oneself through personal style. Reggae fashion serves as a visual representation of the values and ideals deeply rooted in reggae music – unity, freedom, and a sense of belonging.
Overall, reggae’s influence on fashion and style has been significant, giving rise to unique trends and becoming a means of self-expression and cultural representation. It continues to inspire individuals to embrace their individuality and celebrate the vibrant spirit of reggae through their fashion choices.
Reggae music is more than just a genre; it is a cultural phenomenon that has made a profound impact on the world. From its origins in the marginalized communities of Jamaica to its global reach today, reggae has become a symbol of cultural diversity, peace, and unity.
Rooted in the experiences and struggles of the Jamaican people, reggae music carries a message of social justice, love, and liberation. It has provided a platform for artists to address pressing social issues and inspire change through its powerful lyrics and infectious rhythms.
Reggae’s influence extends far beyond the boundaries of music. It permeates multiple aspects of our lives, from fashion and style to social movements and the quest for peace. Reggae festivals and events bring people from different cultures together, celebrating our shared humanity and fostering a sense of community.
The impact of reggae reaches across borders and has inspired artists to incorporate reggae elements into their own music, creating new and exciting fusions. Reggae’s influence can be seen in the rhythms and melodies of various genres, transcending language barriers and connecting people through its universal language of music.
Furthermore, reggae has influenced fashion trends, with its bold colors, cultural symbols, and unique styles. It has become a means of self-expression and a visual representation of reggae’s core values.
Reggae’s role in promoting peace, unity, and social change cannot be understated. It has been associated with social movements, empowering marginalized communities, spreading awareness about pressing issues, and promoting a more equitable world.
In conclusion, reggae music’s journey from the backstreets of Jamaica to the global stage has been driven by its powerful messages, infectious rhythms, and the unifying spirit it embodies. Its impact is far-reaching, leaving an indelible mark on the global music scene, cultural expression, and the hearts of millions around the world. Reggae’s legacy as a symbol of diversity, freedom, and love will continue to inspire and resonate for generations to come.


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If you know my boyfriend at all, then you probably know about his vegan pizza obsession. It’s his favorite thing to whip up on the fly, especially because both of us usually have all the ingredients on hand. The best part about pizza is the endless possibilities, here are just a few of the pizzas we’ve done recently:
Fried Veggie Pizza:
Taco Pizza! We used guac as sauce, and topped with taco tempeh, daiya, black beans, and cilantro.
SO, the thing that makes these pizzas especially good is the homemade crust. And it’s fast, too! What you’ll need:
1/2 cup warm water
1 tbsp fast rising yeast
1 tsp salt
3/4 tsp garlic powder
2 tbsp vegetable oil (any oil will work)
1 1/4 cups flour
If you don’t have a rolling pin, you should double this recipe (it’s tough to spread otherwise). I recommend using a fork for these next steps… Mix warm water and yeast in a mixing bowl. Mix in salt, garlic powder, and oil. Mix in flour. At this point, use your hands to continue mixing the dough. Now you can either let the dough sit and expand, or you can just go for it. Either way works.
Once you spread the dough, top with whatever you want, and cook in the oven at 400°F. Should take around 10 minutes to cook (maybe more, maybe less). Just make sure the crust is firm and the bottom doesn’t burn.
Look at the happy pizza bb!

domain: food


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New York, 21 Syawwal 1437/26 July 2016 (MINA) – The U.N. Relief and Works Agency for Palestinian Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA) said Monday that a closure imposed by Israeli authorities in Al-Khalil district is creating serious challenges for humanitarian access, including the delivery of medical supplies, the removal of refuse, and the daily movement of the agency’s staff working inside the refugee camp.
The closure was implemented following a series of violent incidents that occurred before the end of Ramadan in which two Israelis were killed. It particularly has affected the Fawwar refugee camp, impacting roughly 9,500 refugees, SPA reported.
“I condemn the closure as it collectively punishes the Fawwar camp residents,” Scott Anderson, West Bank field director for UNRWA, said in statement.
“Echoing the U.N.’s repeated statements condemning violence against civilians, I call upon the Israeli authorities to refrain from collectively punishing innocent people for the acts of others.”
UNRWA said that the closure has impacted the population both socially and economically, as well as placed an increase health risk on camp residents. Disruptions to the supply chain are increasing the costs of basic commodities inside the camp, the agency said.
Anderson visited the area July 19 and was granted access through the Fawwar main entrance only after coordination with Israeli authorities.
“This is all the more disturbing when Fawwar camp residents – a refugee couple – were the first to respond to the Israeli family following the drive-by shooting incident, providing them with first aid before the arrival of the ambulances,” Anderson said, referring to one of the violent attacks.
UNRWA said that it will continue to liaise with Israeli authorities to request passage of medical supplies in the camp in order to ensure their continuous supply for its health clinic. (T/R07/R01)
Mi’raj Islamic News Agency (MINA)


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Brockton's Hidden Gem - JJ's Cafe
If you haven't heard about JJ's Cafe by now, I'm assuming that you live on a different planet than the rest of us.
If it hadn't been for my friend, Barbara, who introduced me to this place a couple years ago, I would've continued to drive past this hidden gem every day.
Their shine is well-deserved and I haven't been disappointed by anything on the menu so far. It's a small spot, so I would suggest arriving sooner, as it begins to crowd quickly especially after Sunday church. Recently, they added paintings of Black women to their decor which I ABSOLUTELY LOVE! Major kudos for that!
Let's get onto the food:
Duchess Benedict was my first love at JJ's! Grilled english muffins are topped with a medley of lobster, crab, peppers, and onions.
I'm telling you, if you see this on the menu, DO NOT PASS IT UP! ORDER IT!
Between the flavors and the delicacy of the lobster and crab, I was in foodie heaven. They add 2 poached eggs on top with a whole grain mustard cream. Getting a little bit of everything in each bite is promising for sending you into a food coma after. I recently visited last month in January and they did have it again on the menu which was to my delight.
Their Fogo sauce is FIRE! It's honestly one of the best hot sauces I've had so far in life. It's definitely "hot sauce in my bag" worthy. I honestly despise watery hot sauces; I like 'em thick. Dab that bad boy on everything! The home fries, the eggs, the breakfast burrito.
If you have a sweet tooth, then the Creme Brûlée French Toast is right up your alley. It's topped with a housemade apple cinnamon syrup and creme fraiche.
For my big eaters, the Hangover Benedict is perfect. Classic steak eggs paired with a side of home fries. I wasn't even a steak and egg eater before; that was so bizarre to me for some reason. However, after this meal, I'm sold on the combination. The demi-glace is the perfect sauce for this as it compliments the angus sirloin.
I just thought I'd share a photo of one of the paintings on the wall!
Visit JJ's Cafe in Brockton, MA !


POWER STEERING HOSE LOW PRESSURE CAC2484
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Part Number: CAC2484-X
HOSE, POWER STEERING, LOW PRESSURE FITS 1980-1987 XJ6. Goes from pump to the rack and has a hose clamp on the pump end. (CAC2484)
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Report: Bell Facing 4-Game Ban For Missed Drug Test
Le’Veon Bell is facing a four-game suspension for a violation of the NFL’s drug policy.
NBA Moving All-Star Game Out Of Charlotte
The NBA is moving the 2017 All-Star Game because of its objections to a N.C. law.
Michigan Has The Most Bets Placed To Win Title
The Michigan Wolverines are heavy favorites in Vegas to win the national football title.
Teams, Players Fined For Shirts In Wake Of Shootings
The WNBA has fined the Indiana Fever, New York Liberty and Phoenix Mercury and their players.
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Sports talk from across the country with the best of CBS Radio on CBS Sports Radio Roundup.


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Los Angeles, CA – The Armenian Youth Federation Western United States Garo Madenlian Public Affairs Office announced that close to 2000 protestors gathered at the Turkish Consulate in Los Angeles Saturday afternoon demanding Turkish recognition of the Armenian Genocide.
The youthful crowd of protestors picketed in front of the Turkish Consulate spanning across two blocks of Wilshire Blvd. With such signs as “Genocide Unpunished is Genocide Encouraged,” and “Turkey stop historical Revisionism.”
“The Polish government officially recognized the Armenian Genocide this past week,” said Marie Minassian, Director of the Protest. “We are grateful for the integrity and courage they displayed in the face of Turkish threats and are hopeful that our government, here in the US, will follow suit shortly,” explained Minassian.
About two hours after marching across the Turkish Consulate, the protestors gathered in front of the Turkish Consulate, where Melkon Melkonian addressed the crowd from atop of a cargo truck. Emphasizing on the fact that over 80% of the gathered protestors at the Turkish Consulate were youth, Melkonian said that this generation, along with future generations of Armenian American youth will continue its demands for the return of Western Armenia, proper reparations, and justice.
The Turkish Consulate protest, which has been organized for the last thirty years attracted all major broadcast and print media and concluded with the singing of the Armenian National Anthem.


text: British Independent Film Awards 2012 | Pictures Elle Fanning Goes Pink to Watch Jude Law Win at the BIFAs December 10, 2012 Share This link British Independent Film Awards 2012 | Pictures Source: Getty 5 / 38 by Maria Mercedes Lara 0 Save 0 Favorite 0 Jude Law took home the Variety Award at the BIFAs. More Photos Previous 5 / 38 Next by Maria Mercedes Lara 0 What’s Your Reaction? 0 0 0 0 0 0 Jude Law took home the Variety Award at the BIFAs. More Photos ‹ Back to Homepage Save 0 Favorite 0 Follow POPSUGAR Celebrity Pinterest Twitter Google + Instagram Featured Partners Justin Bieber Releases Steamy New Video for 'All That Matters' See - and Hear - Why This Man Is Called the 'Homeless Mozart' Britney Spears Makes Her Big Vegas Entrance Amy Robach: Inside Her Breast Cancer Battle More News at PEOPLE.com Malin Akerman's Husband Roberto Zincone Files for Divorce: Report Emily VanCamp and Josh Bowman Film Revenge Wedding Scenes For Season 3's Winter Finale: Pics Paul Walker's Daughter Meadow Did Not Witness His Death, Rep Says Jason Biggs Slams Coffee Shop For "Exploitive" Paul Walker-Themed Tip Jars More News at Us Weekly Britney And Justin Played Spin-The-Bottle With Ryan Gosling Casey Affleck Has No Idea Why You Care About His Brother As Batman Kim Kardashian Teaches You How To Take The Perfect Selfie Kim Kardashian Slams Critics, Defends Her Parenting Skills More News at Huffington Post popsugar live! NOW Watch POPSUGAR LIVE! Now NOW Watch POPSUGAR LIVE! Now Sponsored Links Subscribe to POPSUGAR Subscribe now to get instantly addictive email delivered to your inbox! Daily Sales & Arrivals Celebrity & Entertainment Featured Shops Fitness Fashion & Beauty Living Must Have ShopStyle Search Top BrandsNew BalanceForever UniqueBirkenstockThe North FaceLAVANILABabylissDorothy PerkinsDL1961 Top Searchest-strapbebeformal dressshoe storagetie dyesnow bootsheart ringkohls shoes Jude LawElle FanningRed CarpetTom FeltonTom Hiddleston Link Love Gwyneth Paltrow launches her new web seriesETHeidi Montag has a whole new look — Us WeeklyIs Harry Styles dating Daisy Lowe? — Lainey GossipKanye commissions a "Warhol" of Kim — HuffPost CelebrityPamela Anderson goes brunette — PeopleJon Stewart won't give up his Jennifer Lawrence quest — BuzzFeedAre we in the age of "selfie pop"? — The Daily BeastGet in the Christmas spirit with Kelly Clarkson — Pink Is the New BlogIs the pope helping the homeless at night? — D-ListedSee Elizabeth Olsen in The Secret — JustJaredIs Rose McIver Hollywood's new rising star? — Hollywood TunaWhy were people freaking out about Selena Gomez? — The Superficial No Comments Sign in to leave a comment Sign in with your account Don't have an account? Create one now! See More Red Carpet Red Carpet Apr 28, 2009 Ryan, Hugh, and Liev Bring Their Blockbuster to Arizona Red Carpet Jul 20, 2012 Teen Choice Awards Are This Sunday — Tune Into Our Red-Carpet Coverage! Red Carpet May 29, 2012 Cannes Has Come to a Close — See All the Film Festival Pictures You May Have Missed Celebrity Style May 29, 2012 Over 300 Stylish Moments Straight From Cannes Film Festival! Golden Globes Dec 27, 2011 Watch the Best Red Carpet Dresses From 2011 POPSUGAR Celebrity Jun 22, 2010 Kristen Stewart’s Red Carpet Style Evolution You Might Also Like childbirth Sep 16, 2011 Jersey Moms Pay the Most to Give Birth! Poll Jul 20, 2008 What's Tackier? Bikini Dec 30, 2011 The 55 Best Bikini Moments of 2011! the royals Oct 27, 2013 Prince George Grins at Kate in a New Christening Portrait!

domain: celebrity


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Challenger Bank committed to new office in the region
Challenger bank OakNorth Bankis planning to grow its presence in the North with the opening of a Yorkshire office – likely in Leeds – during 2021.
The UK bank which gained regulatory approval in 2015 to support business growth, is looking to increase its presence in the region after successfully launching a lending team in Manchester in 2019.
Over the last five years the business has lent almost £4.5bn, having started, as Deepesh Thakrar senior director at OakNorth Bank describes it, “without a banking licence or a loan book” and “just a few of us around a desk, trying to figure out exactly how we were going to go after a market that we didn’t even know existed.”
Thakrar, sat down with TheBusinessDesk.com to discuss the firm’s appetite for funding Yorkshire businesses as it looks to grow its presence.ort
“We don’t aim to deploy a specific amount [of money] into a specific geography we’re focused on finding the right opportunities and we’re seeing these coming from the North.”
It’s this “appetite for deals” amongst Northern businesses and an ambition to grow in an area which he says “we’re not massively active in,” which is fuelling the focus on Yorkshire. He highlights that plans for an office follow the hiring James Espley in Leeds late last year, and are accompanied by a desire to grow a new lending team here.
The firm which is headquartered in London, might not consider itself “massively active” in the region, but it has already sampled success in Yorkshire It recently supported the new Bike and Boot hotel in Scarborough and previously completed a £22m transaction with property development company Newby to acquire and transform an 8-storey vacant office building, into 77 new one, two and three-bedroom apartments.
But has or will Covid-19 slow the firms plans? Thakrar says they are keen to grow “as much as we can and as quick as we can”, in order to have “a bigger presence there” and he highlights even a global pandemic hasn’t slowed the business too much.
In fact since March, OakNorth Bank has approved over £600m of loans including £230m via the Government’s CBILS and CLBILS, the business is still committed to opening a Yorkshire office in 2021. The business it appears is actually still growing through the crisis.
Thakrar adds “We have been inundated with debt finance enquiries, possibly across our 20 directors, we’re seeing two to three new enquiries per person per day”. And he’s quick to point out that many of the enquiries are not from businesses in distress but ones looking at “opportunistic acquisitions” that will support their future growth.
Why? the likelihood is the firm’s loan size – it starts at £500,000 and goes to £45m – their business is catering for what he points out is the “missing middle” in the market, who need capital to grow.
Ultimately as the discussion comes to an end its clear that this challenger is stepping up to the plate and has ambitious plans to not just do deals in the county but be part of its successful business community.


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For a few short hours, Manhattan was transported back to the mid-2000s.
Dashboard Confessional and Andrew McMahon in the Wilderness’ co-headlining “Hello Gone Days” tour reached its New York City stop on Friday, Aug. 12 atop South Street Seaport’s Pier 17 venue. The sold-out show at the 3,400-capacity rooftop was comprised mostly of millennials who looked as if they experienced the popularity of these musicians two decades ago in real time. Both of their fandoms have endured throughout the years, with attendees across the age spectrum enthusiastically belting out the lyrics to both the hit singles and the deep cuts.
The reincarnated Armor for Sleep took the stage as the opening act at 6 p.m. on the dot. Hailing from New Jersey, frontman Ben Jorgensen noted how grateful he was for the opportunity to play this show close to home. While the band had not put out a full-length record since 2007, they reunited in 2020 and their first album in 15 years, “The Rain Museum,” is scheduled to come out on Sept. 9.
Their brief set was bookended by their two most popular songs — “The Truth About Heaven” and “Car Underwater” — both of which garnered a strong positive reaction from the contingent of fans parked up front, who cared as much about Armor for Sleep as they did the headliners. A majority of the setlist came from the band’s 2005 album What to Do When You Are Dead, the release which has remained their most popular through time.
Of the two headliners, McMahon’s slot came first, and his performance was the most electrifying of the night. Once the lead singer of bands Something Corporate and Jack’s Mannequin, he has performed under the solo moniker Andrew McMahon in the Wilderness since 2014. With a deep catalog, he performed his most popular material from all stages of his career, ensuring that songs from the far past could still be heard in 2022, even with those bands currently inactive.
McMahon’s energy as a performer throughout the night was unmatched. He kicked off his set with a rousing performance of “Bruised” from Jack’s Mannequin’s signature album “Everything in Transit,” released back in 2005. Even when at his sticker-laden piano, McMahon’s passion was palpable. He would further engage the audience later on, first by climbing on top of his piano and jumping off it, then surfing the crowd on an inflatable llama and again by entering the pit directly draped in a rainbow-lit cape during his final song.
New York City played a key role in McMahon’s career; he moved to Brooklyn to record “Zombies in Brooklyn,” his second solo album under the Wilderness moniker, and he paid homage to that stage in his life by performing the song “Love and Great Buildings” for the first time on this tour, explaining beforehand how it was inspired by his admiration for New York’s architecture.
His setlist perfectly captured his songwriting career, ranging from Something Corporate’s nine-minute fan favorite piano epic “Konstantine” to four songs from Everything in Transit to the Wilderness’ “Cecilia and the Satellite,” currently his most popular song on streaming services with 83 million plays on Spotify. The latter led to a heartwarming moment when McMahon brought out his daughter, the titular Cecilia, to sing on stage with him.
As the sun set and darkness enclosed the venue, Chris Carrabba and the rest of Dashboard Confessional stepped on stage at 8:30 p.m. It was just Carrabba and his acoustic guitar at first, introducing the group with stripped-down songs from his first two albums, which were recorded when Dashboard Confessional was still a solo project. In fact, the day-one fans were rewarded with a show that revolved almost entirely around Carrabba’s oldest works.
However, they still had some tricks up their sleeve. Right after Carrabba discussed how he and McMahon bonded on the tour over a mutual love of the band Counting Crows, their frontman Adam Duritz spontaneously appeared from stage left for an unprecedented performance of “So Long, So Long,” their duet from Dashboard Confessional’s “Dusk and Summer” album. McMahon made his own surprise return to the stage later on as he and Carrabba covered The Cure’s “Just Like Heaven”.
The love for Dashboard Confessional’s oldest material was evident even when he closed the set with “Vindicated,” a song that gave the band mainstream attention by being featured in the end credits of “Spider-Man 2.” “It’s a good song — but it’s not a great song,” a voice opined in the crowd. “It’s overrated.”
But when he came back for an encore to do “Hands Down”, the fans found it in them to scream the loudest they had all night. Some songs stay popular for a reason.

domain: artistic


Reading time ( words)
The Smart-Router is a manually operated cell, in which an operator registers a populated panel into the machine. The individual circuit boards within the array are then routed according to the preprogrammed sequence. The Smart-Router can accomplish positioning speeds up to 20" per second and route speeds up to 2" per second, and retains a servo repeatability of ±0.0008".
HAUPPAUGE, N.Y. - In an attempt to include all franchised distributors, Virtual Chip Exchange (VCE) now allows them full membership privileges on the VCE Trading Floor. Founded in 1997, VCE is an independent e-commerce exchange for electronic components, allowing qualified OEMs, electronics manufacturing services (EMS) providers, electronic component manufacturers and franchised distributors to buy or sell electronic components in a confidential and trusted arena. Distributors can buy parts that currently are not in stock or are needed to complete turnkey "kitting" services and can achieve a strong return when selling their excess or obsolete inventory.


Journeyman Field Service Technician
Experience in natural gas equipment monitoring, trouble shooting, testing, and installations. Able to travel long distances for unit startup installations, and/or trouble shooting/repair of customer’s equipment. Fabrication, welding, mechanical repairs of parts and equipment as required by job conditions. Must have good customer relation skills. Ability to review design features to meet the customers predetermined requirements. Must have knowledge in database/office software (Excel, Word, Access, etc...). Experience with parts ordering, quotes, and purchasing.
• Travel as required.
• Operation and troubleshooting experience with Electrical/Electronics equipment.
• PLC/HMI operation and troubleshooting experience.
• VFD motor controls, and 3 phase motor operation experience.
• Knowledge of electrical and mechanical schematics.
• Expense reporting
• Basic fundamentals of Gas, Methane, O2, CO2, etc...
• Shaft alignment experience.
• Operation of heavy equipment (Man lifts, fork lifts, etc...)
• Telephone troubleshooting and parts sales.


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Gallo bolsters premium holdings
E&J Gallo has further strengthened its premium portfolio with the acquisition of two vineyard sites in Napa Valley.
The deal, which was completed for an undisclosed sum, sees the company add Cypress Ranch and part of the Palisades Vineyard in Pope Valley, near Calistoga, to its extensive holdings.
The two properties bring a combined 642 acres, of which around 258 acres are planted as vineyard, with an emphasis on Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Zinfandel and Malbec. The sites lie adjacent to Sun Lake Vineyard, which is already managed by Gallo.
The purchase comes just weeks after Gallo acquired Sonoma-based sparkling wine producer J Vineyards & Winery. Last year it also added two properties with a total of about 500 acres in Solano County.
Roger Nabedian, senior vice-president & general manager of Gallo’s premium wine division, confirmed this latest deal saying: “The purchase of Cypress Ranch and Palisades Vineyard continues Gallo’s commitment to having vineyards in the premier winegrowing appellations in California.
“These two vineyards are a great addition to our portfolio and are key to our growth of luxury wines.”

domain: economics


text: At Sylvio’s Pizzeria, we believe that fresh and homemade is the only way to do business. Our dough and sauces are all made fresh in house and come from the finest ingredients. We hand toss our dough into thin or thick crusted pizza at your request. EVERY pizza we sell is created specially for you. Our pastas are made to order and cooked el dente. Even our burgers are hand pressed patties. Our business is a family affair where you’ll always feel like part of the family.


Custom stainless steel fabrication is a process that entails designing and building stainless steel products of all shapes, sizes, and materials from scratch. Custom fabrication companies make it easier to work with stainless steel because they provide a range of services such as design consultation, budgeting and estimating prototyping, and even manufacturing. Want customized stainless steel fabrication for your kitchen? then browse here for detail information., you will thank us later.
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-You can get custom fabrications that fit your needs perfectly.
-You can get fabrications that are designed to last.
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How to Find the Best Custom Fabricator
1. Do your research.
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With so many different fabrics and materials to choose from, it can be hard to find the perfect one for your home or business. But don’t worry — with a little bit of research. You can find the right one!
One of the benefits of custom stainless steel fabrication is that you can get the luxurious look you want without spending a lot of money. You can find stainless steel fabricators who will work with you to create a design that perfectly suits your needs and budget.


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Junior Water Park
The highlight of the Sunny Beach Resort is its Junior Water Park. From a central tower you can glide along the three toboggans into a first pool which brings you farther, along an elegantly tortuous canal, to a second swimming pool. There, numerous other water attractions were grouped, as an octopus, water mushrooms and geysers. All attractions are in shallow waters, the ideal spot for parents and children for common water fun.
The large main swimming pool, locatedin the middle of the hotel, is surrounded by vast sun terraces, where, as usual in the Three Corners concept, the sunbeds, parasols and towels are free of charge.

domain: travel


text:
|Marie Dumesnil as Athalie by Arthur Pougin, 1885|
With the salon settled and the decanters refilled after festivities it's time for me to take up my quill and once again return to chronicling the glorious Georgian era. Our first guest of a new year is a French lady of the theatre and a true star of the era.
Marie Françoise Dumesnil was born in Paris to an impoverished yet noble family and developed an early love of the stage. Determined to pursue a theatrical career she took to the stages of provincial France and in 1737 was called to make her Parisian debut with the Comédie-Française. Her performance as Clytemnestre was highly acclaimed and Dumesnil stayed with the Comédie-Française until she eventually retired nearly thirty years later.
Noted for her naturalistic performances and nuanced dramatic performances, Dumesnil enjoyed the acclaim of public, critics and playwrights alike and her comedic roles were the toast of the capital. However, Dumesnil made an enemy in her rival leading lady, La Clairon, a conflict that rankled with the actress. Three years before her death Dumesnil authorised an official biography, Mémoire de Marie Françoise Dumesnil, en réponse aux mémoires d'Hippolyte Clairon, in which she finally defended herself again La Clairon's attacks on her performances and methods.
She was one of the brightest stars of the French stage and her instinctive approach to acting was highly influential at the time; as well as the respect of most of her peers she was one of the most popular and successful actresses of her era and her retirement was the cause of much disappointment among the public who flocked to see her. Despite her years away from the spotlight her memoirs sold well, no doubt to those who had been starved of her performances for far too long!

domain: library


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By: Josh Davis, Vice President of External Affairs, StriveTogether
StriveTogether recently joined an array of multi-sector organizations in calling for increased investments in the National Housing Trust Fund. We are a national movement with a clear purpose: helping every child succeed in school and in life, regardless of race, zip code or circumstance. We track and use educational indicators as predictors for pathways to economic mobility, so it might surprise people to see that we’re advocating for a specific federal housing policy. But for us, the connection is clear: To dramatically improve outcomes and reduce racial and socioeconomic disparities for children in communities across the country, we must align with systems in other sectors. It is not a “nice-to-have” — rather, it is a “need-to-have.” Without question, multiple factors outside of traditional education systems deeply impact student success.
StriveTogether began in 2006 as a local education collaborative in Cincinnati and Northern Kentucky. Today, StriveTogether coaches, connects and funds partners in nearly 70 communities across the country. Communities using our approach have seen measurable gains in kindergarten readiness, academic achievement and postsecondary success. The StriveTogether Cradle to Career Network reaches 13.7 million students across 29 states and Washington, D.C.
In 2018, we launched a bold five-year plan to put every single one of the 13.7 million children in the Cradle to Career Network on the path to middle class by middle age. We especially want to improve outcomes for the 8.6 million children of color in our communities. Our plan calls for stronger alignment across multiple systems — from education and non-education sectors including housing — to improve the lives of children and families. Within this work, policy changes are essential. Without better policies at the federal, state, and local levels, we cannot fully tackle the complexities and scale of challenges that millions of low-income children and families face across the country.
Among these challenges, the lack of safe, decent, affordable housing is one of the most severe. It is no secret that housing policy is school policy, and that stable housing is linked with stronger student outcomes (e.g., improved achievement, fewer behavioral issues, increased graduation, etc.). But America’s housing crisis has reached historic heights. A safe, decent, affordable home is a foundation of opportunity, but it’s out of reach for far too many, especially those with the lowest incomes. In fact, more than 10 million households with extremely low incomes are either homeless or pay unaffordable rental costs. This forces them to make impossible choices between paying the rent or paying for heat, food, out-of-school enrichments, medications, transportation, and other necessities.
According to the National Low Income Housing Coalition, there are only 22 counties out of over 3,000 counties nationwide where a full-time worker earning minimum wage can afford a decent one-bedroom rental home. Nationally, there is a shortage of 7.2 million affordable and available homes for the lowest-income renters. Since 1960, renters’ incomes have increased by 5% while rents have skyrocketed by 61%. The number of households with “worst-case housing needs” — that is, households with very low incomes that either pay more than half their income for rent or live in severely substandard housing, and receive no aid — has risen by 66% since 2001.
This is not simply a housing crisis that housing advocates should worry about. Its consequences spill over into many other areas, and therefore we all have a stake in solving the problem. When families live in struggling neighborhoods in unstable homes they cannot afford, not only do kids struggle more in school, health outcomes are markedly worse, civil rights inequities deepen, hunger deepens, and chances for upward mobility decline.
That is why StriveTogether has joined the Roundtable of Opportunity Starts at Home, an unprecedented national campaign that is bringing together various sectors, including education, healthcare, anti-hunger, civil rights, anti-poverty, faith-based, and more, to raise awareness about the importance of affordable housing and to push for more robust and equitable federal housing policies. After all, our elected officials shouldn’t be hearing from housing advocates alone; rather, they should be hearing from all of us whose fields are impacted.
A key federal policy solution we support is to expand the National Housing Trust Fund (HTF), which is a dedicated funding stream to efficiently build, rehabilitate, preserve, and operate rental housing for extremely low-income people. Increasing the overall supply of affordable units is a critical part of any successful strategy to solve the affordable housing crisis. The first new federal housing resource in a generation, the HTF is targeted at those most in need. The HTF operates at no cost to the federal government because it is funded through fees on Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. Over the first three years of HTF funding, $659.8 million has been allocated to states. Because the HTF is administered as a block grant, each state has the flexibility to decide how to best use HTF resources to address its most pressing housing needs. Although these initial rounds of funding are an important first step, far more resources are necessary. That’s why we recently signed the campaign’s letter to expand the HTF to at least $3.5 billion annually, and we encourage other organizations to sign as well.
It is time to look beyond our respective silos of work. The reality is that education advocates ARE housing advocates, and we must work with cross-sector partners to improve results for kids. We urge those in the education sector to explore partnerships with housing-focused organizations, to think about how particular housing policies can improve student achievement, and to collaborate on aligning the many systems that shape opportunity for children and families.


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The main indications for medical intervention for children with pectus carinatum are severity of symptoms and the degree to which the deformity interferes with activities. This is a subjective decision-making process that requires the input of the surgeon, parent, and adolescent.
Surgical repair and bracing can be effective treatments of pectus carinatum.
Newer approaches include minimizing the extent of cartilage resection and thoracoscopic and subpectoral cartilage resection using minimally invasive techniques.
Surgical intervention on the chest is indicated for patients with Poland syndrome and functional impairment, mainly those with aplastic ribs. In less severe cases, surgical repair to the chest is mainly for cosmesis.
Several surgical approaches have been used to address the thoracic insufficiency associated with thoracic deformity syndromes, but the outcomes are generally poor. More promising are recent reports of procedures using vertical expandable prosthetic titanium ribs.
Pectus carinatum is a chest wall deformity caused by an overgrowth of the costal cartilages. This causes anterior protrusion of the sternum with narrowing of the sides of the chest wall, resulting in a bowed appearance often referred to as “pigeon chest.” This deformity can occur in patients with connective tissue disorders, in association with scoliosis, in families, or sporadically in patients without any other abnormalities.
Pectus carinatum occurs in 1 of 300 births. It is more common in males by a 4:1 ratio. It is often apparent at birth, but becomes more noticeable and more severe during periods of rapid growth, such as puberty.
The varied patient population affected by pectus carinatum has led to different theories about its etiology. Most of these theories focus on an abnormality in the cartilage. Damage to the growth plates in the costochondral junction, leading to the overgrowth of the costal cartilages, is thought to be the cause among the sporadic patient population. Efforts to identify a cause in genetically linked patients have led to more intensive study of collagen synthesis and structure. Studies of skin and cartilage collagen have focused on the ratios of collagen types and the stability of collagen I and II. The consistent finding of collagen with unstabilized end terminals suggests a specific mutation, but the exact mutation has not been determined.
Associated Defects and Syndromes
Approximately 20% of patients have associated anomalies. These include numerous conditions such as cardiac defects, microcapnia, bilateral clubfeet, hemifacial microsomia, microphthalmia, tracheoesophageal fistulae, congenital laryngeal stridor, a dolichocephalic skull, scoliosis, and other musculoskeletal anomalies. The family history is positive for a chest wall deformity in approximately 25% of cases.
The incidence of pectus carinatum is higher in patients with Poland syndrome and Marfan syndrome. Any suspicion of Marfan stature should prompt a genetic work-up and evaluation of the aortic root. The Currarino-Silverman syndrome is associated ...

domain: literature


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Good morning and welcome to Episode 68 of the Train Your Brain Podcast with Dr. Michael Trayford. Every Monday we produce a 30-minute episode. Tuesday through Sunday we produce episodes with five-minute tips. Every episode of the Train Your Brain Podcast features a tip, so you can receive pointers 365 days a year that will help enhance the performance of your brain!
If you are looking for something simple that you can do that isn’t too strenuous, then tip number 68 is the ticket! Today Dr. Trayford teaches about gaze stabilization. Gaze stabilization is an eye exercise where you train your eyes to hold steady while looking at a target. Listen in as he explains exactly how to conduct this exercise. Have someone check your eyes to see how often your eyes stray and then practice this technique several times a day. This will help you develop the ability to track a moving target as well has hold your gaze on a still target. And of course, all of this will help your brain function more efficiently.
This tip is an entry -level tool for helping to build better function of the eye movement system. Gaze stabilization is really important. It relates to our ability to hold our eyes on a target. Now there are elementary speaking, there is so much to get into here.
To hold your eyes on a target deals with more primitive brain function. In the tri-brain theory this relates to the reptilian brain, which helps us to identify if something is a friend or foe.
While holding your eyes on a target relates in many ways to primitive brain stem function it also relates to aspects of our frontal cortex, which is central to defining your humanity and advanced cognitive ability.
Most people don’t necessarily equate eye movements or the ability to hold your eyes on a target with overall brain function. This is something that we’ll elaborate on in the longer podcasts.
The most basic activity is holding your eyes on a target. If you’re looking at a spot on the wall, it might be hard to tell if you’re truly holding your eyes on a target. People often experience square-wave jerks, which are an involuntary movement that pulls the eyes off the target instantaneously. People might not be able to tell that they’re actually doing it.
In the past we’ve discussed the VNG or Videonystagmography testing. But really it can be as simple as holding your finger in front of your eyes and watching to see if the eyes stay on the target will tell you a lot about gaze stabilization.
If your eyes can’t hold a target, they can’t follow a target or catch up to a target. This leads to additional dysfunction in cognitive function and ability to focus. Children with ADHD or has suffered brain injury often struggle to hold their eyes on a target.
This is something you should discuss with your physician or a physician versed in functional neurology. What you want to do is simply look at a target that’s about arm’s length away, at eye level. Then turn your head from side to side, fairly slowing. With about two seconds per turn of the head. Do 10 repetitions, two or three times per day to start training these systems.
If there are challenges that you’re experiencing, you need to get with a physician that can help you with treatment intervention.
If you have any concerns regarding the information and applications discussed in this podcast, please consult your physician and a doctor who is experienced in functional neurology. Michael Trayford DC, DACNB is available for consultation by calling (828) 708-5274. Thanks for listening.
Links for this episode:
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Learn more at APEX Brain Centers.com
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And here is the Twitter handle for this podcast: @BrainPodcast365
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domain: psychology


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Megan and Tim celebrated their wedding day at one of Baltimore’s most exquisite venue spaces, the stunning Walters Art Museum. Their was much excitement in the air upon arriving at their ceremony site the Corpus Christi Church. After heartfelt “I do’s” the wedding celebration kicked into full swing at the Walters Art Museum. It was a great party made complete with my favorite dance, the jump rope!
Congrats Megan and Tim, it’s been such a great experience photographing you and your gorgeous wedding!
Cake- Sugarbakers Cakes
Flowers- Divine Designs & Events
Invites & Programs- Laura Berman
Rings- Klim Jewelry New York
Bride/Bridesmaid dresses- RK Bridal New York
Bridesmaid jewelry- Housgoods


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Burn Ban Status
July 1, 2014 (Bell County, Texas)
Bun Ban Lifted
Based on current weather conditions, the Burn Ban in Bell County remains lifted.
Commissioners Court will evaluate the Burn Ban status at its next court session.
If you plan to burn in Bell County, please call 254-933-5555 prior to beginning.
The Public is reminded that TCEQ rules still apply, specifically:
No burning when winds are over 23 mph
All fires must be attended
Only wood products are to be burned
A water supply is available
Citizens are urged to use extreme caution and responsible judgment.


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Andreas tells emotional and visual stories through pictures, and he will go far for that special moment. Maybe not so strange with his background as a stills photographer. He almost knocked over Vimeo in it’s early age with an editorial inspired project about some half pro bikers. His knowledge about photography makes him aware of visual possibilities, and at the same time Andreas never lets tech stand in the way of his story.
Born and raised on the west coast of Norway he is a man of nature and has been around the world on a 42 feet sailboat. He was shortlisted in Young Director’s Awards in Cannes Lions in his first directing year and has made various conscious campaigns through his environmental engagement.


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After Indonesia's independence, President Soekarno made several cultural policies that were considered quite interesting for further study. The desire to be completely free from colonialism in all fields formed the desire to be independent. Not only political and economic issues, even the issue of sound that can be heard by the people in Indonesia was also regulated by President Soekarno. At that time, the world was infatuated with rock and roll music with the intertwined pop music industry, forcing Soekarno to prohibit the music from entering the ears of all citizens. Radio Republic of Indonesia (RRI), the government radio, was prohibited from playing “Western Music” and, as a substitute for Soekarno, offered Lenso rhythms from Maluku to be used as social music. Not only that, many regional songs began to be produced with Indonesian attributes, and bands that performed “Western” nuances were also imprisoned.
For further information:
To cite this page:
Citra Aryandari, “Soekarno, Music, and Decolonization”, Sonic Entanglements Website
Recent related articles

domain: history


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1. This minimalist building made of recycled shipping containers in Taiwan
Japanese architect Kengo Kuma has stacked 29 recycled shipping containers to make a Starbucks coffee shop alongside a shopping center in Hualien, Taiwan. The multi-story structure has full-height windows and skylights set into white-painted containers to create a 320-square-meter cafe. Containers stacked four high at right angles to each other, the soon-to-open Hualien Bay Mall, with glazed mezzanine levels connecting the interior spaces. The instantly-recognizable round green icon with the Starbucks two-tailed mermaid is fixed to one side of the top-most container.
2. This shop with a decorative ceiling inside a mall in Dubai
Monumental arches, ornate tilework, and a chandelier hanging from a domed ceiling give this jewel among Starbucks branches an elegant flair. As you casually sip your coffee, it’s hard not to be gobsmacked by the mosaics of blue and yellow around you. You can find this outlet at Dubai’s Ibn Battuta Mall, a large shopping center with over 270 stores and 50 restaurants to explore.
3. This Spanish-style house in Prado Norte, Mexico
A fountain near the entrance with a gorgeous staircase. At this exquisite outpost in Mexico City, garden plants and intricate murals lead you toward a storefront that is absolutely swoon-worthy. You will almost forget that this is the entryway of a Starbucks, not an exclusive party at a Spanish-style villa.
4. This down-to-earth store that was once a bank vault in Amsterdam
Starbucks is to open its first European concept store in a disused Amsterdam bank vault. Starbucks, together with local designers, filled this space with Dutch oak furnishings and recycled materials, all the while preserving the original concrete walls and 1920s marble floors. Now, it has all the ambiance of your neighborhood coffee shop, staging cultural events from live music performances to poetry readings.
5. This rose gold sanctuary for all things coffee and tea in Tokyo
Out of all the stores in Japan, the Starbucks Reserve Roastery Tokyo is the ultimate show-stealer when it comes to design. Every detail involved in preparing coffee, tea, cocktails, and pastries is showcased in an artful way throughout the four floors of this immersive café. Here, customers can witness the full spectacle of the craft of coffee-making, from roasting the coffee beans to bringing out the flavors in top-quality brews. Apart from that eye-catching feature of this Starbucks store is the 17-meter cask, whose copper cherry blossoms pay tribute to the picturesque trees in the Nakameguro neighborhood.
6. This pretty-in-pink paradise in Turks and Caicos
Starbucks outlet embraces the breezy, laid-back, and tropical mood of the Turks and Caicos Islands, which are known for their stunning beaches and coral reefs. Inside, the coffee shop features a siren mural that was painted by the Colombian artist Maria Camila Bernal Toro. With a pastel pink exterior that calls to mind shades of cotton candy, this location is also an ideal spot to see the sunset.
7. This Starbucks branch inside a botanical garden in Tokyo
This Starbucks outlet has become a popular destination for visitors to the Yomiuriland amusement park in Tokyo. As visitors sip their coffee and take in the sights, the greenhouse serves as a tranquil oasis, transporting them to a world of natural beauty and serenity. An explosion of color that will make you feel like you have entered a floral wonderland, rather than a Starbucks. To top it all off, this botanical-themed café also has an 8m-long aquarium with tropical fish from Okinawa a surprising feature that makes this Starbucks location a standout among other stores around the world.

domain: geography


Born in Los Angeles, California Cameron Burnett is an award-winning filmmaker. He studied Film and Television Production at the prestigious USC School of Cinematic Arts. While in high school, he premiered his first film, The Bench, at the Oscar qualified, Foyle Film Festival. The Bench then went on to receive Official Selections at more than 35 film festivals winning awards at 8. Cameron’s second film Alibi premiered at the Cannes Film Festival Short Film Corner. Alibi then went on to receive official selections at more than 10 festivals around the world.
In 2017, Cameron received UCLA’s courage award for his miraculous determination and recovery from locked in syndrome. He’s given multiple speeches about his journey including a keynote speech at Operation Smile and UCLA Neuroscience.


Life cycle assessment e-car vs. combustion engine
Electric cars are supposed to be clean. Is that really true, or is the internal combustion engine ahead? Chief reporter Alexander Bloch explains and looks to the future.
Electromobility is gaining ground. Thanks to high subsidies, emission-free mobility has recently experienced a real boom, but its share of the overall market remains manageable. Nevertheless, the discussion about e-cars continues and polarizes almost the entire population. The main argument is usually the eco-balance, but are electric cars actually cleaner than conventional combustion engines? Alexander Bloch explores this question in his latest episode of “Bloch Explained” and refers to a recent study by the Association of German Engineers (VDI).
Anyone who has dealt with this topic in depth will have long since realized that it is not enough to judge only what comes out of the back of the exhaust pipe. When it comes to the life cycle assessment of a car, a holistic approach is required. If only because an electric car has no exhaust. Locally, of course, the electric car is emission-free, but a final assessment of CO₂ emissions must take into account the entire life cycle of a vehicle.
Cradle to cradle
The premise of engineers and developers should always be to bring highly efficient products to market that emit as little CO₂ into the air as possible from conception to recycling. If we stay with the “car” example, we are talking about the emissions generated during the production of the vehicle, the production of the fuel (or the provision of the electricity), the use of the vehicle and its disposal (technical term: cradle to cradle).
The battery puts a big CO₂ backpack on the electric car during production.
A lot has happened in the last few years. The CO₂ load of a kilowatt hour of electricity now amounts to 401 grams. This is due to the fact that the share of renewable energies in the electricity mix has now risen to 50 percent (as of 2020), and with the coal phase-out (whenever that may be implemented), the balance will continue to improve. Just as electricity produces CO₂ emissions before it is used in cars, diesel fuel must first be produced. In other words, it has to be extracted from the earth as oil, then refined and finally transported.
kWh is not the same as kWh
In the production of an electric car, the battery cells are the most important thing to look at. Battery production raises CO₂ emissions to double-digit tons, while it remains in single digits for the combustion engine. It should be noted, however, that the studies on battery production show very different results, which is mainly due to the fact that this production varies greatly around the world. This is mainly due to the fact that production varies greatly around the world, whether in terms of geographical and climatic conditions or the raw materials used and the varying cell chemistry.
A few years ago, for example, a Swedish study attested that a kilowatt-hour of electricity emits 200 kilograms of CO₂. The ifo Institute in Heidelberg, on the other hand, gives a value of 120 kilos. In addition, cell production in particular is experiencing great dynamism, which has recently accelerated further and further.


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1450- The Jews of Lower Bavaria were expelled.
October 12, 1939- The Nazis ordered that all Jewish areas in occupied Poland must establish "Jewish Councils." The stated purpose of the councils was to be the liaison between the Jewish community and the Nazis.
October 31, 1940- This was the last day for Jews to leave their homes and move into the Warsaw ghetto.
October 10, 1942- Four thousand Jews from Stanislavov, Poland were deported to the Belcez murder camp.
October 10, 1942- Last transport of Austrian Jews left for Theresienstadt.

domain: sociology


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For travelers who want to take in the sights and sounds of Americana, Riema Austria Flat Hotel is the perfect choice. From here, guests can enjoy easy access to all that the lively city has to offer. With its convenient location, the hotel offers easy access to the city's must-see destinations.
Riema Austria Flat Hotel offers impeccable service and all the essential amenities to invigorate travelers. The hotel offers access to a vast array of services, including bar, business center, laundry service, meeting facilities, room service.
Guests can choose from 42 rooms, all of which exude an atmosphere of total peace and harmony. The hotel's outdoor pool, sauna, games room, fitness center are ideal places to relax and unwind after a busy day. Riema Austria Flat Hotel is a smart choice for travelers to Americana, offering a relaxed and hassle-free stay every time.


text: Saving for College This calculator can help you estimate how much you should be saving for college. You are viewing this website at a small screen resolution which doesn't support calculators. Click here to view this calculator. Have A Question About This Topic? Name Email Address Question Thank you! Oops! Related Content Should You Tap Retirement Savings to Fund College? There are three things to consider before dipping into retirement savings to pay for college. When Does Your Personal Car Become a Commercial Vehicle? At what point can you call a personal vehicle commercial? Investments You’ve made investments your whole life. Work with us to help make the most of them.


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Morgan Legacy Partners, Inc. sponsors this investment program for youth 12-20 years of age. The program is designed to educate Financial Fellows on investing and the stock market through a hands-on investment program. The Morgan Legacy Investment Program contains no personal financial risk to the Fellows, their parents/guardians, program Mentors, or Sponsors. Each Fellow invests the money loaned to him or her for purchases in the stock market for up to fifteen years for educational purposes.
In addition, the Fellow has the potential to build earnings (the amount of the gain from his or her stock portfolio) which are required to be placed in a Roth IRA opened by the Fellow and their Personal Mentor. Fellows must apply and be accepted into the MFF Investment Program.
Financial Fellows who have graduated from the MFF Financial Literacy Program, and are between the ages of 12-20 years of age, may apply for the Morgan Legacy Partners Investment Program.
Morgan Legacy Partners accept approximately twelve (12) students per year. MLP is committed to inspiring learners of all socio-economic groups to build financial independence.
Are you interested in funding your own hands-on investing and learning programs? We would love to speak with you. Contact our Executive Director, Judi Window, firstname.lastname@example.org
Future program ideas include:
This course has been designed to help you choose stocks for your portfolio, and provide you with resources for the investment program. This three section course includes the following:
Upon completion of this course, you should be able to do the following:

domain: finance


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A new electric charge-point facilitator has entered the UK market, claiming its arrival will make finding public charging points for electric vehicles much easier.
The New Motion app, from the company of the same name, can be used to track down the nearest charge point, with initial locations in London, Birmingham and Manchester.
The company has claimed that with more than 30,000 charge points signed up throughout Continental Europe, it has created Europe’s largest public electric vehicle charging network, expertise it has now brought to the UK.
The app itself allows private or corporate users to locate charging stations and manage all online billings and settlements via their phone.
Although inevitably focused around electric car users, a spokesman for the company said its new app should work well just as well for those running electric-powered commercial vehicles.


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We Come as Friends (2015) - Sauper
Hubert Sauper, a Paris based filmmaker known for his searing eco-disaster exposé in Tanzania, Darwin's Nightmare (2005), continues to document the African continent in his new documentary, We Come As Friends. This time, he sheds light on the post-referendum era Sudan. And it is a damning indictment of new-old colonialism that casts shadows on every corners of the youngest country in the world - South Sudan.
Sudan's decades long civil war claimed estimated 2.5 million lives and created the biggest humanitarian crisis since WWII. In the West, Sudan became synonymous with child soldiers, Lost Boys of Sudan and various Human Rights violations.
After decades of the bloody conflict, South Sudan's Christian majority finally broke free from Khartoum's merciless Islamic government and voted resounding yes to the cessation in 2011.
Still, as Sauper examines, that the newly founded country is riddled with many serious problems. He makes a broader claims that the chaos stems from the colonial past. He draws parallels with then and now, with British and French drawing the line in the sand throughout the continent and Chinese and American companies competing for dominance securing the country's natural resources - the oil fields that precariously borders the north and south.
Sauper, seen on the fields documenting and asking questions, shows that the control for oil fields are still raging among different factions. The oil revenues buy more weapons to fuel the conflict. Chinese oil and mine companies buy up the lands from locals who don't have the concept of land ownership exploit the land and don't take responsibilities for environmental damages. It's jarring to see garbage strewn road to the oil company compounds and seeing so many Chinese workers living in workers camp in the middle of nowhere. There are no contacts between them and its native inhabitants nearby.
With animosity between Muslims and Christians are scarier than ever and the threat of violence is regarded a necessity between them. Whenever Sauper and his crew lands their rickety plane, the first question people ask is whether they are Muslim or Christian, the intensity of their question and stares barely contains the possibilities of violence.
Stock footage of group of white settlers and dignitaries chilling near poolside is juxtaposed with modern day missionaries and foreign dignitaries. Farmers and other inhabitants are losing their land to 99 year leases for Christian missionaries and their western style schools. Children in their traditional garb are banned from attending schools. And well meaning white settlers are seen giving out T-shirts and putting sox on a Sudanese toddler on the dirt floor.
Just like Darwin's Nightmare some years ago, We Come as Friends points out overwhelmingly dire circumstances the post-colonial Africans find themselves in. We see the human cost of up close and personal and its devastating. The film's a little unwieldy and expansive, but one should give Sauper a credit for trying to encompass everything that's been going on for decades in a country still riddled with open wounds of the colonial past in 1 hour 40 minutes. It's another strong case against the long lasting effect of colonialism.
We Come as Friends opens August 14 at IFC Center. Please check IFC Center website for tickets & more info.


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We understand that some people resent being “forced” to do anything – even if it is the right thing.
That might be the case for many voters as they consider moving away from at-large city council elections, in which everyone votes on all candidates, to district elections. Eventually, every city in the state will have to make that decision. This November, it’s Merced’s and Turlock’s turn.
Turlock voters have Measure A; Merced voters will say yes or no to Measure T. Each requires its city to abandon at-large city council elections in favor of district elections. There is much to gain and little to lose in making this switch.
The California Voting Rights Act of 2001 and subsequent court interpretations require cities and school districts to provide district representation. Five years ago, Modesto was forced to abandon its at-large elections – at a cost of $3 million. Now, Modesto elects council members from six districts, with the mayor elected by the entire city. As Modesto Mayor Garrad Marsh told the Santa Barbara Independent, the City Council had been “male, pale and stale.” Now it includes a woman and two Latino men.
The lack of representation for large portions of our population – whether based on ethnicity, geography or income – is a serious problem. So we support such measures. Considering the failure of every city to resist in court, taking a contrarian stand and petulantly saying “you can’t make me” is senseless. The courts can and will make cities and school districts become more representative. By voting for change, residents can have a greater voice in how it is done – and save taxpayer dollars.
Still, reform can be cyclical. For most of the last century at-large elections were considered a reformer’s tool, used to chase corrupt “ward bosses” out of large cities. Many cities staggered at-large elections so voters had a say every two years rather than once every four. A drawback of most district plans is that residents are stuck with the same council member for four years. But such considerations are less important in our diverse state than addressing the lack of opportunity for minorities.
Merced and Turlock are asking voters to confirm the switch to district elections; deciding district boundaries and election rules will come later. We urge passage of both measures.
Turlock Measure A
The need for change is clear. Though 36 percent of the city’s population is Latino, there has never been a Latino councilmember. No member of the current council lives in the economically challenged south part of the city. Turlock voters are being asked to split the city into four districts, then elected the mayor at large. Five men are running for two open seats on what could be Turlock’s last at-large City Council election and four favor Measure A, as do both mayoral candidates. Turlock is known as a well-run, innovative city. Providing leadership from a wider variety of people from across the city should only improve that reputation.
Merced Measure T
Latinos make up 49 percent of Merced’s population, but there are no Latinos on the City Council. Voters are being asked to approve six districts – eventually drawn by the League of Women Voters – with an at-large mayor. There is opposition – not to districts, but to how they are formed. An alternative plan asks for three larger districts with two representatives each. That would require voting no on the measure, which invites a lawsuit. With two representatives per district, terms could be staggered so voters can make changes more frequently. We like the concept of more frequent elections, but worry that larger districts would not provide more minority opportunity. The law requires formation of districts that give minorities a better chance to win. If minority voters do not participate – as is often the case – that opportunity is diminished in larger districts. Merced voters should approve Measure T, then help create a plan that best suits the city.
More of these measures are coming. Riverbank and Patterson will soon be asked to make the change – or go to court. Such choices are clear. Allowing more people to participate in our democracy keeps it strong.

domain: politics