|Publication number||US6126675 A|
|Application number||US 09/228,211|
|Publication date||Oct 3, 2000|
|Filing date||Jan 11, 1999|
|Priority date||Jan 11, 1999|
|Also published as||WO2001032083A1|
|Publication number||09228211, 228211, US 6126675 A, US 6126675A, US-A-6126675, US6126675 A, US6126675A|
|Inventors||Semyon Shchervinsky, Louis Thomas Divilio, Claude Clerc|
|Original Assignee||Ethicon, Inc.|
|Export Citation||BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan|
|Patent Citations (11), Referenced by (246), Classifications (10), Legal Events (4)|
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet|
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to a device for sealing puncture wounds in blood vessels, particularly the types of wounds that result from certain procedures in interventional medicine.
2. Description of the Related Art
A large number of medical therapeutic and diagnostic procedures involve the percutaneous introduction of instrumentation into a blood vessel. For example, percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA), most often involving access to the femoral artery, is performed hundreds of thousands of times annually, and the number of other such vessel-piercing procedures performed, e.g., percutaneous coronary angiography and atherectomy, has exceeded two million per year.
In each event, the closing and subsequent healing of the resultant vascular puncture is critical to the successful completion of the procedure. Traditionally, the application of external pressure to the skin entry site by a nurse or physician has been employed to stem bleeding from the wound until clotting and tissue rebuilding have sealed the perforation. In some situations, this pressure must be maintained for half an hour to an hour or more, during which the patient is uncomfortably immobilized, often with sandbags and the like. With externally applied manual pressure, both patient comfort and practitioner efficiency are impaired. Additionally, a risk of hematoma exists, since bleeding from the vessel may continue until sufficient clotting effects hemostasis. Also, external pressure devices, such as femoral compression systems, may be unsuitable for patients with substantial amounts of subcutaneous adipose tissue, since the skin surface may be a considerable distance from the vascular puncture site, thereby rendering skin compression inaccurate and thus less effective.
Recently, devices have been proposed to promote hemostasis directly at the site of the vascular perforation. These devices can generally be grouped into two categories--"short-term" and "long-term".
Short-term devices are designed to improve on external pressure devices by applying pressure to the puncture site internally, for a limited period of time, after which the device is removed. An example of such a device is described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,383,896, issued on Jan. 24, 1995 to Gershony et al. That device consists of a shaft with an expandable balloon and guidewire tip at its distal end. A fixation collar on the shaft permits the device to be secured in place. In use, the distal end of the device is introduced into a blood vessel through an introducer sheath that is typically used in percutaneous interventional procedures. The balloon is then inflated and withdrawn until the balloon hemostatically engages the inner surface of the blood vessel, after which the introducer sheath is removed from the body. The fixation collar applies tension to the balloon for a medically sufficient period of time, after which the balloon is deflated and the entire device is removed from the body.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,645,566, issued on Jul. 8, 1997 to Brenneman et al., discloses a device that applies pressure to the outside wall of the punctured blood vessel from a distance of about 2 mm to 10 mm from the wall. It discloses various devices for applying the pressure--a balloon, a sheet supported at its corners by prongs, and a foam pad. It also describes various ways to locate accurately the pressure-applying device, such as a balloon in the vessel (similar to that of Gershony et al.) and the use of a radiopague marker.
PCT Application WO 98/11830, published on Mar. 26, 1998, S. Barak, Inventor, discloses various embodiments of an apparatus for hemostasis. Among them is a device that positions an "anchor" against an inner surface of an artery wall and a balloon outside the wall. The balloon is inflated to pinch the artery wall, after which the anchor is withdrawn. The balloon is maintained against the puncture until hemostasis is achieved.
Long-term devices are fabricated of bioabsorbable materials and are intended to remain in the body until they are absorbed. Two of these devices are available commercially, under the trademarks Angio-Seal™ (Kensey Nash Corp., Exton, Pa.) and Vasoseal™ (Datascope Corp., Montvale, N.J.).
Angio-Seal is a bioresorbable device that deploys an anchor against the inside of an artery wall and a compressed collagen sponge on the outside of the wall. The anchor and sponge are linked by a suture. (See U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,282,827 and 5,662,681).
The Vasoseal vascular hemostatic device is generally described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,391,183, issued on Feb. 21, 1995 to Janzen et al. The device inserts hemostatic material through a tissue channel and against the outside wall of the blood vessel around the puncture site.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,690,674, issued on Nov. 25, 1997 to Diaz, discloses a biodegradable plug that has two substantially parallel disks that are joined at their centers by a waist. The plug is positioned so that the distal disk is on the interior wall of the blood vessel, the proximal disk is on the exterior wall, and the waist in the wound of the vessel wall.
A description of the medical context for this invention, as well as a description of many of the prior art devices, appears in U.S. Pat. No. 5,810,884, which is hereby incorporated herein by reference. These devices typically suffer from one or more problems. They may be bulky, difficult to use, and expensive and they are not always effective at eliminating blood seepage. In some, the device may be spaced too far from the outside wall of the vessel, where there is a danger that a pseudo aneurysm may form. In others, if the device intrudes into the vessel, intravascular clots and/or collagen pieces with thrombus attached can form and embolize downstream to cause vascular occlusion. The present device addresses these problems.
The present invention provides a bioabsorbable device for sealing vascular punctures, comprising an elongated tube of substantially uniform diameter comprising
a) a first end that is open,
b) a second end that is closed with a substantially flat pivotable closure, having a long dimension greater than the diameter of the tube, and
c) an expandable section adjoining the second end.
The closure is preferably quite small, minimally disrupting blood flow when the device is in place and thereby minimizing the likelihood of forming a thrombus. The expandable section is adapted to provide a tight seal against the blood vessel to minimize the possibility of seepage. The device is rather easy to use and is relatively inexpensive.
In use, the present invention provides a method for sealing a puncture in a wall of a blood vessel of a subject, comprising the steps of
a) inserting into a cannula that has a distal end within the blood vessel and a proximal end outside the subject an elongated sleeve that contains an elongated tube comprising
i) a proximal end that is open,
ii) a distal end that is closed with a substantially flat pivotable closure, having a long dimension greater than the diameter of the tube, and
iii) an expandable section adjoining the distal end;
b) conveying the distal end of the tube into the blood vessel,
c) removing the cannula from the subject, without removing the sleeve and tube,
d) conveying the tube distally, relative to the sleeve, whereby the pivotable closure extends distally from the end of the sleeve and pivots, whereby the long dimension extends substantially normal to the tube's axis,
e) conveying the tube proximally, relative to the sleeve, whereby the flat surface of the closure abuts the distal end of the sleeve,
f) conveying the tube and sleeve proximally toward the hole in the blood vessel wall until the flat surface of the closure abuts the puncture,
g) removing the sleeve from the subject, and
h) inflating the expandable section, whereby the blood vessel wall adjoining the puncture is sandwiched between the closure and the distal end of the expandable section.
FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a cannula in a blood vessel.
FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a puncture-sealing device of this invention mounted in a sleeve.
FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the device of FIG. 2 within the cannula and vessel of FIG. 1.
FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a later stage of device placement, after the cannula has been removed.
FIG. 5 is a sectional view of the device in place after the sleeve has been removed.
FIG. 6 is a sectional view of the device, with a syringe attached at its proximal end.
FIG. 7 is a sectional view of the device expanded and clipped off.
FIG. 8 is a sectional view of an alternative embodiment of the device.
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the device in cross section.
FIG. 10 is a sectional view of the device of FIG. 9, taken along the axis B-B.
FIG. 11 is a perspective view of yet another embodiment of the device.
The present invention addresses a large and growing medical problem. As the field of interventional medicine grows, an ever-increasing number of patients must be treated for perforations in an artery or vein after percutaneous puncture of the vessel incident to an interventional catheter procedure. Two medical facts combine to exacerbate this problem. First, as compared to non-interventional catheterization, interventional catheters have significantly larger diameters, leaving larger wounds in the blood vessel wall. Secondly, interventional procedures generally require high doses of anticoagulants. The combination of these facts makes the treatment of punctured blood vessels a challenging problem for interventional medicine.
The present invention is primarily designed to seal wounds in vascular walls that result from interventional catheterization procedures for opening up blocked vessels, such as percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA), atherectomy, and stent placement. One of the steps in these procedures involves inserting through the wall of a vein or artery a sheath, or cannula, over a previously introduced guidewire. The interventional catheter is introduced into the blood vessel through the cannula and is then ultimately removed.
FIG. 1 depicts the situation during an interventional procedure, after the catheter (not shown) has been removed. The distal end of cannula 10 remains within vessel 12. The proximal end 14 of the cannula is outside the body, and the intermediate region of the cannula passes through soft tissue 16 and puncture opening 18 in vessel 12.
FIG. 2 depicts a device of the present invention 20 within an introducer, or "sleeve", 22. Optionally, air in device 20 is replaced with a biocompatible or bioabsorbable filler, which must be prevented from escaping as device 20 is inserted into the body. The device has a proximal end 24 that is open and a distal end that is closed with a substantially flat pivotable closure 26, which has a long dimension aligned with the long dimension of the device when it is contained in sleeve 22. Adjoining the distal end is an expandable section 28, whose structure is generally similar to that of the balloon that is used in angioplasty. Compared with an angio balloon, the material of section 28 preferably has higher compliance and need not withstand pressures as high as those used in angioplasty.
Device 20 can be fabricated from any suitable bioabsorbable material(s). Preferred materials are polymers prepared from the following monomers: glycolide, L-lactide, D-lactide, meso-lactide, 1, 4-dioxan- 2-one, trimethylene carbonate, and e-caprolactone. These monomers can be used to prepare homopolymers, as well as copolymers, in various combinations. Preferred materials are the segmented glycolide/e-caprolactone copolymers that are used to make polyglecaprone (MONOCRYL*) sutures, the random glycolide lactide copolymers that are used to make polyglactin (VICRYL*) sutures, and the homopolymer polydioxanone, which is used to make PDS*II sutures. Information concerning these materials and processes appears in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,490,326; 4,878,890; 5,468,253; and 5,713,920. Closure 26 can be attached to the rest of device 20 by any suitable means, such as sutures, thermal bonding, ultrasonic welding, etc. Preferably, all of device 20 is fabricated in a single piece, for example by injection molding. Since closure 26 is preferably stiffer than the remainder of device 20, it could have a greater thickness and/or reinforcing ribs.
In a particularly preferred embodiment, device 20, or part of the device, has a bioabsorbable mesh structure, either within or, more preferably, surrounding its wall and closure 26. The mesh is of a material that is absorbed more slowly than the device. Over time, tissue infiltrates the mesh and, as the wall and closure are absorbed, additional tissue infiltration provides endogenous structural support before the mesh is absorbed. Suitable materials include polyglecaprone and polyglactin for the device and mesh, respectively.
FIG. 3 shows the device of FIG. 2 after its distal end, has been inserted through the cannula of FIG. 1 into vessel 12. Once the flat closure 26 at the distal end of device 20 extends beyond the distal end of sleeve 22, it is free to pivot about axis A-A. Cannula 10 is removed from the body through soft tissue 16 and the skin, and device 20 is moved proximally, relative to sleeve 22 to reach the position shown in FIG. 4. By pulling on device 20, while holding sleeve 22 stationary, the user can ensure that a substantially flat surface of closure 26 abuts the distal end of sleeve 22. In order to assist in positioning device 20, closure 26, or another part of device 20, incorporates a radiopaque material, visible under fluoroscopy. The material is preferably a radiopaque powder, such as gold, tantalum, or barium sulfate. Although these materials are not bioabsorbable, they are endothelialized as the device is absorbed. To further assist in the proper positioning of closure 26,optional index mark 25 on sleeve 22 indicates the orientation of the device inside the body.
FIG. 5 depicts the configuration after sleeve 22 is removed from the body and device 20 is pulled in a proximal direction until closure 26 can be felt to abut puncture opening 18. At that point, expandable section 28 is bounded by the wall of opening 18 and by the soft tissue that lies outside vessel 12.
FIG. 6 shows syringe 30 attached to the proximal end of device 20. Syringe 30 contains a filler 32, which is force, into device 20 and causes expandable section 28 to expand, as shown. Alternatively, the expandable section can be prefilled with a biocompatible filler (before insertion into the body). Depending on the state of the prefill and the diameter of the tube, the proximal end of the tube may need to be sealed. Optionally, the tube may be prefilled with a material that combines with a second material introduced through syringe 30 to form a product whose volume exceeds the combined volume of the two materials, so that the product expands when the materials combine. In any case, when the tube is filled, the expandable section pushes against, and forms a fluid-tight seal with, the wall of opening 18 and the outer wall of the vessel in the vicinity of opening 18. Any suitable material can be used to expand expandable section 28--gas, liquid or flowable solid. If a gas is used, it is important to guard against the risk of embolization if the gas escapes into the vessel. A material that is solid at normal body temperature can be heated above its melting temperature and be used for filler 32. A material such as collagen, is preferred. Optionally, expandable section 28 has a coating of a surgical adhesive (such as fibrin glue) on its outer surface to enhance sealing to the surrounding soft tissue.
Once expandable section 28 has been fully expanded, if the filler 32 is not solid, ligating clamp 40 is applied to device 20, as shown in FIG. 7, to keep expandable section 23 inflated and thereby maintain the pressure on the wound site and adjoining vessel wall. Preferably, filler 32 and clamp 40 are bioabsorbable, and device 20 is cut between the proximal end of clamp 40 and the skin line. Long term, all of device 20, including filler 32 and clamp 40, are absorber by the body. The pressure applied by expandable section 28 to the area at and around the wound site ensures that the wound in the vessel wall will be healed before the device is absorbed. Alternatively, if filler 32 is not bioabsobable, then it can be removed, if necessary, once expandable section 28 is secured to the surrounding soft tissue.
FIG. 8 depicts an embodiment that uses a check valve 50 in place of clamp 40 to ensure that filler 32 does not flow out of expandable section 28.
FIG. 9 is an idealized sectional view that shows that expandable section 28, when expanded, preferably forms a cone, whose base closely adjoins closure 26 and whose top opens into the proximal section of device 20. The region between closure 26 and expandable section 28 is constricted to a smaller diameter than the proximal region of device 20.
Also apparent in FIG. 9 is the preferred shape of closure 26--concave facing the remainder of device 20.
FIG. 10 depicts an optional X-shaped closure, whose 4 legs--1, 2, 3, and 4--each pivot into their extended configuration only after sleeve 22 is removed (as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4).
FIG. 11 depicts an embodiment of the device in which optional mesh 34 surrounds the wall and closure of device 20.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing description and Figures are illustrative of practicing the present invention, but are in no way limiting. Variations of the detail presented herein may be made without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention.
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|International Classification||A61B17/08, A61B17/00|
|Cooperative Classification||A61B17/085, A61B2017/00659, A61B2017/00654, A61B2017/00557, A61B2017/00004, A61B17/0057|
|Jan 11, 1999||AS||Assignment|
Owner name: ETHICON, INC., NEW JERSEY
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:SHCHERVINSKY, SEMYON;DIVILIO, LOUIS THOMAS, M.D.;CLERC, CLAUDE;REEL/FRAME:009700/0872
Effective date: 19990108
|Apr 1, 2004||FPAY||Fee payment|
Year of fee payment: 4
|Mar 25, 2008||FPAY||Fee payment|
Year of fee payment: 8
|Mar 7, 2012||FPAY||Fee payment|
Year of fee payment: 12


text:
Musical theatre is a form of theatre that makes use of music, tunes, dance and spoken discussion. The combination of singing, dancing and acting experienced in musical theatre is one of the fantastic ways an individual can build self self-confidence.
Refining Your Talents and abilities on the Stage
You can construct your self confidence when you continuously enhance your craft. Skilled people work extremely difficult to perfect their skills. Writers regularly write, athletes practice day-to-day and musical theatre artists practice over and over once again.
As we all know, musical theatre is done live. For any show done live, you only get one opportunity.
If you desire to have self-confidence in exactly what you do, never ever stop growing and enhancing. The more knowledgeable and proficient you are, the more confidence you will have with yourself.
Facing Your Worries
I participated in school plays, I was one of the cheerleaders, I was asked to sign up with the group to perform a song or dance number throughout school occasions. Did the worry go away immediately? The grandest thing I ever did was not state “no” to all these chances!
When I am in front of people, I used to be really terrified. In high school, I bear in mind checking out a speech in front of our speech instructor who took place to be extremely stringent. As I stood there in front of the microphone, my knees shivered, my belly was fulled of fluttering butterflies and while I held the paper, my hands shook like insane.
Fear is among the major blocks to self confidence. Worry of making errors, fear of looking like a fool, worry of facing a crowd, fear of being evaluated, not sufficing and not being accepted. Whatever worries we have, facing it head on is the best thing we can do to construct our self self-confidence.
If I, who is such a scaredy cat, can do it, so can you. Conquering your fears can develop your self self-confidence.
You understand what? When I stopped slamming myself, I discovered that this excellent fear that frequently paralyzed me packed his bags and left. And I have actually made such progress that I can honestly state, “I have actually dominated a lot of my fears through musical theater” under the mentorship of a wonderful director.
Being Alert and Proactive
One likewise has to be conscious and be in the present moment when you are performing. In The Wiz musical play, I bore in mind in one program I allowed concern to flutter in my mind. The minute I did that, I forgot the lines in my song! I quickly recovered but that taught me a lesson on mindfulness and being in the now. Being alert and proactive in handling life provides you an inner confidence and strength.
When things take place like a co-actor forgets his prop or his lines; the microphone conks out or someone is hurt, there is no time to grumble or examine. One simply has to react positively to an offered scenario.
The majority of our experiences build our character one way or the other. Well, that is if you opt to utilize your experiences to construct your character. I’ve ended up being aware of how musical theatre does that. The cast and team discover discipline, liability and responsibility. If you sing, you need to be disciplined enough to vocalize, look after your voice, memorize your lines. You have to be disciplined to know your steps and carry out those steps perfectly if you dance. You need to be liable enough to heat up and exercise for versatility and endurance. We discover to be accountable for our actions.
Aside from that, we also discover to be timely and dedicated to our craft. Creativity is extremely motivated. We find out to work as a team and support each other rather of compete. All these traits make you feel great about yourself; therefore, enhancing your value and develops your self self-confidence.
Going to Discover and Grow
Musical theatre challenges your willingness to keep on knowing and growing. The workshops that were conducted enabled us to step out of the box and discover the things we might do.
One Last Note:
All of this I learned in my experiences inside and outside of musical theatre. If you want to build self self-confidence, use all your experiences to make you a better and reliable individual. It is always good to help your child develop in music to reach new heights
Youtube Video on How to Audition for Musical Theatre:

domain: hobby


text:
hi!!!!!! jayashi this is really good dessert u can serve ur guest wen u`ve got lots of items to be prepared.its just an instaneous kheer cud u tell me which variety of rice is to be used for that as i`m goin 2 try it and dont want 2 spoil the taste
hi ,I`m going to try this recipe today.seems an easy dish thanks jayashi.could u tell me how to make parippu payasam and also gothambu paayasam
Do we add cooked rice to milk??
its very tasty & easy to prepare
Pal Payasam is my fav dish.With this easy recipe its is now the best sweet in the world.
Simple &Easy.. will try it for my b`day
i tried it……it came out really nice….i recommend this to everyone

domain: food


text:
Dominic Raab has said there will be no ‘specific investigation’ into a claim by a Tory MP that she was told she had been fired as a minister because she was Muslim.
Nusrat Ghani said she was informed by a government whip that her faith was ‘making colleagues uncomfortable’ when she lost her job as a transport minister in a mini-reshuffle in February 2020.
The Deputy Prime Minister said that the allegations were ‘very serious’ but there would not be a formal investigation unless Ms Ghani made a formal complaint.
In an interview with The Sunday Times, Ms Ghani says when she asked for an explanation it was stated her ‘Muslimness was raised as an issue’, but she had not pursued the matter at the time after being warned she would be ‘ostracised’ and her ‘career and reputation would be destroyed’.
Education Secretary Nadhim Zahawi has led demands for an inquiry, tweeting there is ‘no place for Islamophobia or any form of racism in our Conservative Party’.
Mr Raab said this morning that there would be no investigation by the Conservative Party unless she submitted a formal complaint, which she has not done.
In a dramatic move, Chief Whip Mark Spencer revealed he was the whip in question.
‘He (Mr Spencer) has categorically denied it in what can only be described as the most forthright and robust terms indeed,’ Mr Raab told Sky News's Trevor Phillips On Sunday programme.
‘If there are any claims like this they should result in a formal complaint, which allows a formal investigation to take place.
‘As the Chief Whip has pointed out, Nus hasn’t made a formal complaint. She was asked to do so. In the absence of doing so there will be no specific investigation into this.’
Chief Whip Mark Spencer said in a statement: 'To ensure other whips are not drawn into this matter, I am identifying myself as the person Nusrat Ghani MP has made claims about this evening.
‘These accusations are completely false and I consider them to be defamatory. I have never used those words attributed to me.’
The row erupted at the start of a crucial week for Mr Johnson, with Sue Gray, the senior civil servant investigating lockdown parties in Downing Street, expected to deliver her report.
The conduct of the whips’ office has come under intense scrutiny following claims that tactics amounting to blackmail were used to pressurise Tory MPs seeking to oust the Prime Minister.
In her interview, Ms Ghani, the MP for Wealden, in East Sussex, said she was shocked when the issue of her background and faith was raised during a meeting in the whips’ office.‘It was like being punched in the stomach. I felt humiliated and powerless,’ she told the paper.
She continued: ‘It was very clear to me that the whips and No10 were holding me to a higher threshold of loyalty than others because of my background and faith.
‘In the following weeks, I was informed that if I persisted in raising this that I would be ostracised by colleagues and my career and reputation would be destroyed.’
Ms Ghani said that the experience made her consider quitting as an MP, adding: ‘I will not pretend that this hasn’t shaken my faith in the party.’

domain: law


text:
Well, I did it. I challenged myself to give up Starbucks cold-turkey and I did it. I haven’t been there since I issued the challenge, and I’m pretty proud of myself for that. So proud, in fact, that it actually feels good.
That good feeling got me thinking. What if I issued myself a new challenge each week? A healthy living challenge, like the no Starbucks challenge. If I could continue the old challenges while incorporating the new ones I could make some real progress.
Oh sure, these are things that I should be doing all the time, but the fact of the matter is that I don’t do them. Honestly, I was living a much healthier life back when BulgingButtons began than I am now. I don’t even want to think about trying to button up that red shirt you see at the top of the page. I have a feeling those poor buttons would pop right off.
I do like challenges, so here’s the challenge for the upcoming week: eat fruits and vegetables every day. That shouldn’t be too difficult, once I stock up on some. Maybe some baby carrots to dip in hummus and some apples to slice up. Oh, and it’s tangerine and orange season, so I might pick up some of those too, along with a couple of pre-made salads for lunch. I can do this!
If you’re someone who finds they don’t get enough produce in their diet, try it with me. Munch on some grapes or serve up some squash. Maybe add some peppers and onions to your marinara or better yet, try a veggie stir fry for dinner. I’d love to hear your ideas. Here’s to a healthy week.


text:
As one of the current most popular therapies, next-generation probiotics (NGPs) are effective at disease prevention and treatment. Creative Biolabs provides a series of Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis)-based drug discovery and development services for our clients all over the world. Equipped with a team of professional scientists, we are capable of providing you with a wide spectrum of customized services on E. faecalis studies. We can accommodate the specific properties of your project and provide flexible integrated solutions.
E. faecalis is a gram-positive bacterium that is responsible for many infectious diseases in humans, such as human urinary tract infections. E. faecalis can be found in most parts of the human body, especially in the gastrointestinal tract, vagina, and intestines. Normally, E. faecalis is a friendly commensal bacterium in the intestines, but it can lead to serious human diseases if it spreads to other human tissues.
Currently, a wide variety of E. faecalis strains or species, like OG1SSp (pAM714), NCTC 12697, and v583, have been isolated and identified in different human samples. Infections with E. faecalis can show many symptoms, including but not limited to fever, headache, diarrhea, vomiting, as well as stiff neck, based on specific E. faecalis types. Moreover, pilot studies have demonstrated that the treatment for E. faecalis-based infection diseases can be particularly difficult due to their resistance to many types of antibiotics. In recent years, many reports have revealed that E. faecalis can be used as NGP candidates for preventing or treating certain human and animal diseases.
Fig.1 Histological analysis of E. faecalis cultured in the blood agar medium. (Callegan, 1999)
E. faecalis has been considered as the main type of live biotherapeutics drug in a wide collection of disease therapy. In recent years, a number of E. faecalis-based NGPs have also been generated and used both in pre-clinical trials and clinical trials. As an expert in NGP development, Creative Biolabs has established a panel of assays to develop various types of E. faecalis-based NGPs for human disease therapies.
Parkinson's disease is a type of neurodegenerative disorder that is often caused by the loss of dopaminergic neurons. Symptoms emerge slowly, sometimes beginning with shaking, stiffness, and slowing of movement. Till now, many researchers have indicated that several E. faecalis strains have beneficial health effects in treating patients with Parkinson's disease. For example, the safety and efficacy of E. faecalis strain v583 have been evaluated in 50 patients with Parkinson's disease and 50 healthy controls. The data have suggested that E. faecalis-based NGPs play an important role in reducing pro-inflammatory cytokines and inhibiting the overgrowth of pathogenic bacteria in patients.
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an intestinal disorder that can cause chronic inflammation of the digestive tract and the gut. Recently, some E. faecalis strains have been reported as perfect NGP candidates for the IBD treatment through mediating the immune responses. There is a wealth of evidence that E. faecalis can inhibit the development and progression of IBD by regulating immune systems. For instance, the protective role of inactivated E. faecalis strain EF-2001 has been assessed on female NC/Nga mice models. EF-2001 can effectively prevent colonic tissue destruction in mice with IBD.
With the commitment of being your best NGP discovery partner, Creative Biolabs has established the utmost efficient integrated solutions to innovate and accelerate your E. faecalis-based NGP development for various types of diseases. We have won a good reputation among our worldwide customers for accomplishing numerous challenging projects on E. faecalis NGPs. We have experienced experts and advanced platforms that can provide excellent services. If you are interested in our services, please contact us to get more information and a quote for your project details.
For Research Use Only. Not intended for use in food manufacturing or medical procedures (diagnostics or therapeutics). Do Not Use in Humans.

domain: literature


text:
Battle royale star and top Twitch streamer Nicholas “NICKMERCS” Kolcheff hasn’t held back in his damning assessment of the Call of Duty series, claiming there “hasn’t been a good [release] in six years” and the last time Activision’s mega-franchise hit the right notes was Black Ops III in the mid 2010s.
The string of six dud years has NICKMERCS doubting CoD will recover.
Since Black Ops III, the series has bounced between hyper-mobile gameplay in Infinite Warfare and Black Ops 4, historical sagas like Cold War, WWII, and Vanguard, and even a Modern Warfare reboot release.
NICKMERCS—who abandoned Warzone for a shot at Apex Legends esports stardom last year—believes it’s “sad” to see loyal CoD fans coming back to the table year after year just to be delivered scraps and rushed releases by Activision and their rotating developer stable. “Like, bro, what the fuck are we doing?”
The series will return to the Modern Warfare well this year with a follow-up to the 2019 reboot. The game, Modern Warfare 2, is inked in for an October release. While many are hopeful, NICKMERCS is far from sold.
One problem, he said, is gaming has moved on from the titles CoD devs keep churning out. Not just that, but the series is happy to coast on loyalty from rusted-on fans.
And most of all, Activision and the CoD bosses have failed to go all-in on Warzone as a true challenger to globally-popular battle royales Fortnite, Apex, and PUBG. The gritty title continues to bump shoulders with its arch rivals, Nick continued, but not through any efforts from developers.
“Like, what are these idiots doing?” he said.
“Do you remember when they announced the new CoD and how it was going to tie into the battle royale and everybody was super hyped? [Now] here we fucking are.”
While the Twitch star is interested in playing the battle royale follow-up when it hits digital shelves, he fears the same issues will rear their ugly heads when its 2023 debut rolls around. “[The changes they make] slow the pace in an effort to protect bots [casual players],” he said. “There’s only so much you can do.”
It’s unlikely NICKMERCS will ever return to CoD full-time. “I don’t think I’ll ever permanently go back,” he has claimed, “but I do [always] want to check out changes.”


We have used picosecond ultrasonic techniques as a nondestructive detection tool to characterize Mo/Si multilayer reflectors for EUV. The lowest two localized acoustic-phonon surface modes were simultaneously observed in our samples with various d and (Gamma) values. The vibration frequencies of these surface modes depend both on d and (Gamma) , and can be used to extract these two parameters. We mapped the thickness profile of a linearly graded Mo/Si multilayer sample with 2 percent d-variation from the two edges towards the center. The dependence of the vibration frequencies on (Gamma) was also studied theoretically and experimentally, and was found to be separable from the dependence on d.© (1999) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.


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Every year, almost 1 million people within the Usa learn that they’ve skin cancer, as stated by the National Cancer Institute (NCI). Cancer of the skin is the most typical kind of cancer in the Usa, Australia and also South Africa. Skin cancer is in addition the most common kind of cancer in both men as well as adult females.
The two most usual types of cancer of the skin are basal cell carcinoma along with squamous cell carcinoma. Basal cell carcinoma makes up about a lot more than 90 per cent of all skin cancers inside the Usa. It’s a slow-growing cancer that seldom spreads to other parts in the body.
Squamous cell carcinoma in addition hardly ever spreads, but it does a lot more often than basal cell carcinoma. It’s important that skin cancers be discovered and remedied earlier, because they can invade as well as destroy nearby tissue. Basal Cell Carcinoma occurs from sun exposure, many years immediately after that exposure.
Another form of carcinoma that occurs inside the skin is melanoma, which begins in the melanocytes.
Causative factors along with protection tips
Despite the fact that anyone can get cancer of the skin, the threat is greatest for individuals who’ve fair skin that freckles easily–often those with red or blond hair and blue or light-colored eyes.
Ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun will be the main cause of cancer of the skin. (You’ll find two types of ultraviolet radiation: UVA and UVB.) Artificial sources of UV radiation, including sun lamps, tanning booths and also tanning beds might additionally trigger skin cancer.
The risk of developing skin carcinoma is impacted by where a person lives. Men and women who reside in areas that have higher levels of UV radiation from the sun are much more most likely to get skin cancer. Within the United Declares, by way of example, skin carcinoma is far more common in Texas than it really is in Minnesota, exactly where the sun just isn’t as strong. Worldwide, the highest rates of cancer of the skin are present in South Africa along with Australia, areas that receive high quantities of UV radiation.
Moreover, skin carcinoma is related to lifetime being exposed to UV radiation. Most skin cancers appear after age 45, but the sun’s damaging effects start at an early age. So protection should begin in childhood to forestall skin cancer later in life.
Whenever a possibility, men and women should keep away from being exposed to the midday sun (from ten a.m. to 2 p.m. common time, or from 11 a.m. to three p.m. daylight saving time). Maintain in mind that protective clothing, including sun hats as well as extended sleeves, might block out the sun’s hazardous rays. Furthermore, lotions that contain sunscreens might safeguard the skin. Sun screens are rated in strength in accordance with a sun protection aspect (SPF), which ranges from two to 30 or elevated. Sunscreens which are rated 15 to 30 stop most of the sun’s dangerous rays.
Signs or symptoms
The most usual warning sign of cancer of the skin is really a modify on the skin, particularly a new development or perhaps a sore that doesn’t heal. Skin cancers don’t all appear the same. To illustrate, the carcinoma could commence as a little, smooth, shiny, pale or waxy lump–or it may seem as a firm red lump. At times, the lump bleeds or grows a crust. Skin cancer may additionally start for being a flat, red spot that is certainly rough, dry or scaly.
Both basal and squamous cell cancers are discovered primarily on parts of the skin that are exposed towards the sun: the head, face, neck, hands as well as arms. Nevertheless, cancer of the skin can happen anyplace. Never wait for anything in your skin to hurt. as cancer of the skin rarely causes tenderness.
Basal cell carcinoma along with squamous cell carcinoma are usually clinically diagnosed in addition to cured in identical way. When an area of skin will not appear regular, the physician may take away all or portion of the growth. This really is named a biopsy. To examine for cancer tissue cells, a pathologist or a dermatologist examines the tissue below a microscope. A biopsy may be the only certain method to tell when the issue is carcinoma.
In treating skin carcinoma, the doctor’s principal goal is usually to remove or destroy the cancer fully, with as small a scar as probable. To program the best treatment for every single patient, the health care provider considers the place along with size in the cancer, the probability of scarring and also the person’s age, common health and also medical history. Doctors commonly use a type of surgery named curettage. After a neighborhood anesthetic numbs the region, the carcinoma is scooped out using a curette, a device using a rough, spoon-shaped end. The location is in addition remedied by electrodesiccation. An electric present from a specific machine is utilised to manage hemorrhaging and kill any cancer tissue cells remaining around the edge in the wound. Most individuals create a flat, white scar.
Intense cold could be utilized to treat precancerous skin disorders , like actinic keratosis, as well as certain tiny skin cancers. In cryosurgery, liquid nitrogen is applied for the growth to freeze in addition to kill the unusual cells. Right after the area thaws, the dead tissue falls off. Greater than 1 freezing could possibly be required to get rid of the growth totally. Cryosurgery usually will not hurt a lot, along with patients may possibly have painful sensation along with swelling following the region thaws. A white scar may possibly type within the treated location.
Laser therapy uses a narrow beam of light to remove or destroy cancer tissue cells. This technique is at times used for cancers that involve just the outer layer of skin.
How you can do a skin self-exam
You may increase your probabilities of locating cancer of the skin promptly by on a regular basis performing a straightforward skin self-exam. The best time to perform this self-exam is immediately after a shower or bath. You ought to examine your skin within a well-lighted ambient employing a full-length mirror and a hand-held mirror. It’s very best to start by studying exactly where your birthmarks, moles and also blemishes are as well as what they usually appear like. Check for something new–a alter inside the size, texture or color of a mole, or a sore that does not heal.
Check all sections, such as the lower back , the scalp, in between the buttocks in addition to the genital area.
1. Look at the front and lower back of your entire body inside the mirror, then raise your arms and also have a look at the left as well as correct sides.
2. Bend your elbows as well as appear very carefully at your palms; forearms, including the undersides; as well as the upper arms.
three. Inspect the lumbar region and also front of the legs. In addition look amongst your buttocks along with around your genital region.
four. Sit as well as closely examine your feet, like the soles and also the spaces among the toes.
five. Look at your face, neck in addition to scalp. You may desire to use a comb or even a blow dryer to move hair so you may well see greater.
By checking out your skin on a regular basis, you are going to turn into familiar with what is normal. In the event you uncover something uncommon, visit your medical doctor instantly. Remember, the sooner skin carcinoma is found, the greater the opportunity it can be treated.
– How to detect skin cancer

domain: medical


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There were these additional appliqués all finished to just sew together and add to the sides of the quilt too.
I pulled out this catalog cover from the bag. Oh dear 1996! Really this has been in my UFO's [Unfinished Objects] for 19 years. Could that really be true. Unfortunately I'm afraid it is. The pattern was in that bag as well. As you can see the quilt is patterned to be much bigger; the pattern size is 78 by 78 inches. I do not intend to complete the quilt with the last diamond borders. Those diamond borders might add another 19 years unto this project. As it is now it would be about 56 inches square with just adding the side borders and I may add a simple border to all four sides to just finish it off, which will increase the size to about 64 inches square.
This truly is an in progress situation. One that really should be finished. So I am linking up with Lee at

domain: artistic


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Property Name: Chateau Star River Taiyuan
Property Address: 2 Xinghe West Road Taiyuan, , 030002
Property Description: Offering spacious rooms with free internet, Chateau Star River Taiyuan is a 5-minute walk from Hong Deng Long Gymnasium. The hotel features both outdoor and indoor pools. Taiyuan Chateau Star Hotel is a 15-minute drive from Taiyun Wusu Airport and 13 km from Wuyi Square. Taiyuan Railway Station is 15 km away. Stylish guestrooms feature intricate detailing and a warm atmosphere. Each has a flat-screen TV with cable channels. A separate lounge area allows guests to relax in privacy. Guests can have a session of table tennis or tennis using the hotels facilities or opt for a work out in the fitness centre. A sauna and massage services are available. The hotel also has a business centre and tour desk. Western and Chinese dishes can be enjoyed in the hotels restaurant. Light snacks and refreshing beverages are offered at the lobby bar.
Property Facts: Year Built: 2011Year of Last Renovation: N/A

domain: travel


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Labyrinth Lost (Brooklyn Brujas #1) by Zoraida Córdova
Rating: (5 out of 5)
I was chosen by the Deos. Even gods make mistakes.
Alex is a bruja, the most powerful witch in a generation…and she hates magic. At her Deathday celebration, Alex performs a spell to rid herself of her power. But it backfires. Her whole family vanishes into thin air, leaving her alone with Nova, a brujo she can’t trust, but who may be Alex’s only chance at saving her family.
I first read Labyrinth Lost in May of last year. I finally got around to reading the sequel, but since I couldn’t remember much from the first book, it seemed like an opportune moment for a reread.
The main character Alex is a bisexual Latinx girl, and like most of the main cast she is repeatedly described as dark-skinned with unruly hair. It’s great representation, and it’s well-written, with an engaging plot and a relatable main character. Even though in the beginning Alex makes a couple of unsympathetic choices, she more than redeems herself in the course of the book.
According to my Goodreads review from last year, I docked half a star for what I then perceived as an unnecessary love triangle. I like to think that I’ve become (and still am becoming) a more nuanced reader, and I definitely had a more nuanced read on that this time around. There is an underlying possibility of a love triangle and it is clear in the text that Alex is attracted to Nova, but I feel now that more than anything it serves to establish Alex’s bisexuality rather than to create unnecessary tension. She’s very obviously in love with Rishi, her best friend, who is also a queer girl of colour. Their relationship is adorable and delightful, and it’s so gratifying when they end up together.
The most important bond in Labyrinth Lost however is between Alex and her family, her mother and her sisters Lula and Rose. Like every family, they have their conflicts, a lot of them based around their magical heritage and the absence of the girls’ father after his mysterious disappearance. There is some very realistic bickering among the three sisters. However, they are incredibly close and protective of each other, and would go to the ends of the world for each other — which Alex actually ends up doing. The prevalent themes in this first book of the series are accepting power and finding love, embedded in the context of family and Latinx magic traditions.
Bruja Born (Brooklyn Brujas #2) by Zoraida Córdova
Rating: (5 out of 5)
Three sisters. One spell. Countless dead.
Lula Mortiz feels like an outsider. Her sister’s newfound Encantrix powers have wounded her in ways that Lula’s bruja healing powers can’t fix, and she longs for the comfort her family once brought her. Thank the Deos for Maks, her sweet, steady boyfriend who sees the beauty within her and brings light to her life.
Then a bus crash turns Lula’s world upside down. Her classmates are all dead, including Maks. But Lula was born to heal, to fix. She can bring Maks back, even if it means seeking help from her sisters and defying Death herself. But magic that defies the laws of the deos is dangerous. Unpredictable. And when the dust settles, Maks isn’t the only one who’s been brought back…
Bruja Born was an incredible read. This second book of the series is told from the point of view of Alex’s older sister, Lula, the stereotypical “pretty one.” She has the gift of healing, and even in the first book, her warmth and unconditional love for others shines through. I love Lula’s narrative voice even more than Alex’s.
At the beginning of the book, she is still healing from the trauma of being imprisoned in Los Lagos, and struggling with depression and her father’s unexpected reappearance in her family’s life. After she and her boyfriend almost die in an accident, she tries to save Maks by healing him and by calling on treacherous powers. She causes an outbreak of casimuertos, and ends up having to race against time and her weakening body to fix her mistake.
I’m usually a slow reader, but I inhaled this book in the span of two days. In Bruja Born, the author introduces some new players, such as the Hunters and the Thorne Hill Alliance. At first I felt like they were kind of ushered in, but it ended up being a neat expansion of world-building after the first book was mostly set in a different realm. I actually preferred the stronger urban fantasy vibes of the sequel.
Watching Lula grow and heal and learn to let go was a wonderful journey. I fell more in love with all three of the bruja sisters and their unique strengths with every page. Lula, Alex, and Rose are all brave and amazing in their own ways, and I love how inseparable they are. Bruja Born was one of my absolute favourite reads this year, and I legitimately cannot wait for the third book to come out, which will be about the youngest sister Rose and the mystery surrounding their father.

domain: library


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18" Oxidized Turquoise Crescent Necklace
A beautiful statement piece for the sophisticated free spirit! With its shiny sterling silver crescent featuring beautifully beaded details, including a lovely reconstituted turquoise round stone, how could you not love this necklace? The perfect item to help fancy up your boho style, both comfortably and easily. Try wearing our turquoise crescent necklace with a pair of large silver hoop earrings for extra style. You can’t ever go wrong wearing turquoise stone jewelry with dramatic metallics – they make a great combo!
- 18" sterling silver necklace
- oxidized sterling silver crescent measures 20 mm x 25 mm features beaded details and a smooth 5 mm reconstituted turquoise round stone
- spring ring closure
- .925 sterling silver
All Crown Jewelry orders are shipped with the reliability and accountability of USPS and UPS shipping, we offer Free Shipping on all orders.
Your order will be shipped fully insured. If you place your order before the cutoff time Monday - Friday, your order will be processed the same day.
If you place an order on a holiday, Saturday or Sunday, or after the cutoff on a regular business day, your order will begin processing the following business day.
30 Day Money Back Guarantee, our guarantee gives you time to make sure your purchase is perfect. If you need to return it for any reason, we'll happily provide you with an exchange or full refund.

domain: design


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It’s official. The college football bowl season schedule has been set.
ESPN will televise 31 of the 37 bowl games, starting with the Tropical Smoothie Café Frisco Bowl on Dec. 19 and concluding with the College Football Playoff National Championship on Jan. 11.
Once the bowl season starts, there will be at least one game every day through Jan. 2, except for the two Sundays in that time frame.
The College Football Playoff begins New Year’s Day, with the Rose Bowl Game and Allstate Sugar Bowl serving as semifinal hosts. Those games will be preceded that day by the TicketSmarter Birmingham Bowl, Chick-fil-A Peach Bowl and Vrbo Citrus Bowl.
The Goodyear Cotton Bowl Classic will be the first among the New Year’s Six bowl games to be played, on Dec. 30, with the PlayStation Fiesta Bowl and Capital One Orange Bowl taking place Jan. 2.
Two new games, the Montgomery Bowl (Dec. 23) and LA Bowl (Dec. 30), join the lineup.
ESPN’s busiest day of the bowl season will be Dec. 26, when it televises six games. The Tony the Tiger Sun Bowl and Arizona Bowl (both Dec. 31) will be broadcast by CBS and CBSSN, respectively.
Click here to find the dates, times and TV channels for every game – Bowl Schedule.

domain: news


Hikvision DS-PKF1-WE Wireless Alarm Keyfob
The Hikvision DS-PKF1-WE is a wireless keyfob that can be used to control the Hikvision AX PRO, with stay away, arm & disarm function & lock/unlock (Read more)
The Hikvision DS-PKF1-WE is a wireless keyfob designed to arm and disarm the Hikvision AX PRO wireless alarm system.
Featuring stay/away arming and disarming, tamper proof and a PCB protected battery, the DS-PKF1-WE can be fully controlled and configured via a tablet or smart phone using the Hik-Connect app.
The DS-PKF1-WE uses Tri-X, a new generation of wireless protocol, which ensures a strong and steady network at all times, and the two way communication is AES-128 encrypted. Frequency hopping rapidly switches transmitting radio signals among several frequency channels for reliable transmission and makes it much more difficult to jam the signal.
- Operation: stay/away arming and disarming
- Keyfob lock and unlock function
- Fully remote configurable through App
- Multiple enrolment method and easy installation design
- Easy replaceable battery with PCB protected
- Frequency hopping against jamming for reliable transmission
|Distance||900 m (open area)|
|Interface & component|
|Electrical & battery|
|Min. operation voltage||2.1V +/- 5%|
|Battery type||CR2032 x 1 (included), 3V|
|Battery life span||Standby time more than 3 years|
|Operation humidity||10% to 90% (No condensing)|
|Operation temperature||-10 °C to +55 °C (-4 °F to +122 °F)|
|Material||Panel (plastic) + gasket(rubber)|
|Dimension (W x H x D)||35.2 (1.39")mm x 63.2 (2.49") mm x 11.3 (0.45")mm|
|Weight||16 g (5.64 oz)|
|Hikvision DS-PKF1-WE Wireless Alarm Keyfob Datasheet|
|Hikvision support site|
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Our technical support team are experienced installation engineers with years of field experience.
Customer service is our top priority. We always try to ensure we offer a first class service too all our customers.
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Mortgage Ezy has taken home the Best Non-Bank Award in the 2016 Australian Lending Awards after the non-bank saw a significant increase in broker numbers and business volumes.
Mortgage Ezy increased its number of brokers by 60% over 2015, leading to an increase of 111% in business volumes over the year.
Speaking to Australian Broker
, Mortgage Ezy CEO Peter James says the lender’s impressive growth wasn’t just off the back of APRA’s investment lending restrictions, which affected the banks. He said the non-bank has invested heavily in improving its technology systems to cut turnaround times in half.
“We enhanced our in-house technology system so we could improve our turnaround times, which has seen us cut our turnaround times by about half from 18 months ago. We are finding that our rate of applications to settlements has also increased dramatically,” James said.
“For example, last year our record from actual submission to settlement was 28 hours – we are talking from when the applicant dropped the home loan application to when we gave an unconditional loan approval and settled – no one can do that.”
James says the non-bank is now well-placed to benefit from the major tailwinds 2016 is likely to bring the non-bank sector.
“The banks have indicated that there are probably more out-of-cycle rate increases, so certainly for the first time in many years, non-banks are roaring back with competitiveness and we are seeing that right through from prime loans to speciality products to non-resident loans,” James told Australian Broker.
“Mortgage Ezy is undercutting the banks substantially now across the board.”
James says he believes APRA’s investment lending restrictions are likely to ease this year, however, that doesn’t mean the banks will also ease their investment policies.
“I do think it will ease, however, many of the banks have committed themselves to further increases on investment loans – and I know one or two in particular are predicting, in the medium to long term, that investor rates will be significantly higher than owner-occupied rates – even over 1% of a difference.
“It is almost like back to the future. Many, many decades ago investor rates were higher than owner-occupier and I think banks are suggesting that that is where they want to head to.”


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click image for Greenwood maps online
Welcome to the website of the Lorton
& Derwent Fells Local History Society (L&DFLHS).
This site introduces you to the Society and its activities
and publications. The site provides a focus for local history
in our area. Whether you live locally or not, you can join the
Society as a member for £10. The new subscription year starts on 1st November. The Society has nearly
Warning - Roadworks in Lorton!!!
We are all looking forward to the talk by our President, Angus Winchester, on 12th March. However, that falls withing the period during which High Lorton Street will be closed for resurfacing.
Update 11th March. The works in High Lorton Street around the YTH appear to be complete but the road into high Lorton from Cockermouth is stripped for resurfacing. There should be no problem in parking, apart from the normal problems, and no reason not to come. However, avoid the normal fork to High Lorton coming off the Whinlatter road from Cockermouth. Approach either through Low Lorton or from the Rising Sun and down Holemire Lane. There may be road closed signs, but just ignore them for access to local facilities, the YTH, and park normally.
Report of Exhibition 19th & 20th October 2013, Yew Tree Hall.
This was a great success and enjoyed by the c.400 who visited as well as those who contributed to the content or the organisation. If you missed it, or would just like to see some of it again, then take a look at our pictorial report. You can purchase a copy of Journal No.53 from the Society for £1, containing all tyhe histories and photographs of the objects.
VCH group completes its Jubilee Digests
30th November 2012. The Society's VCH group has now completed its Jubilee Digests for the 21 VCH places which we undertook to do. Most of these are now on the CCHT website as short basic histories of the places. See our VCH page.
New VCH page
Visit our new page which describes our activity and holds the extracted sources for our work on the Victoria County History for Cumbria
Allan Bank visit, March 29
Journals and Newsletters
All Journals and Newsletters now on our Journals page
Lorton in 1811
Following requests the talk given on Lorton 200 years ago is now here and you can download the slides here and the text here. Please respect the copyright. Read the text of John Bolton's lecture on Lorton and Loweswater 80 years ago, given in 1891 (out of copyright)
The Society has its principal focus in the area of the English
Lake District to the west of Keswick and the south of
Cockermouth. The map shows this area of Cumbria, formerly
Cumberland. The old townships covered are Brackenthwaite,
Buttermere, Embleton, Lorton, Loweswater, Mosser, Pardshaw,
Whinfell and Wythop. The Society and its members are also
interested in Cumberland families and the history of Cumbria
Our area in the county of Cumbria
What does the Society do?
The Society is a membership organisation, run by an elected Committee.
It organises a programme of events for its members and visitors, primarily a series of bi-monthly talks.
Additionally it organises historical visits, walks and occasional exhibitions.
It publishes a Journal, a newsletter called 'The Wanderer', several books, and other occasional publications.
It runs participatory historical and archaeological projects.
It keeps an archive of historical material for the area and provides support for other local and family historians.

domain: history


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(702) 732-2210(702) 732-2210
3065 East Desert Inn Road
Las Vegas, Nevada 89121
Monday through Saturday: 7 a.m.—8 p.m.
Sunday: 7 a.m.—6 p.m.
As pet owners ourselves, the veterinarians and staff of Desert Inn Animal Hospital understand the difficulty in making end-of-life care decisions for pets. They are our family members, and the special bond between pets and the families that love them is powerful and comes with a unique set of responsibilities.
How do I evaluate my pet’s quality of life?
Balancing the different factors in a pet’s quality of life is unique to each pet and family. For example, while mobility may be very important for a large breed of dog, a smaller dog may still have good quality of life being less mobile as long as the owner can provide the required support. The veterinarians of Desert Inn Animal Hospital will offer guidance without pressure as pet owners consider their pet’s condition. Some of the factors to consider include:
How is pet euthanasia handled?
When a family decides it is time to euthanize a pet, every effort is made to offer a calm environment for the pet and pet owners. Pets are handled in the most gentle and respectful manner throughout and following euthanasia. Pet owners and family can be present for the procedure and are given the time they need before and afterwards with their pet.
Families have the option of taking the pet home for burial or we offer the burial and cremation services of Craig Road Pet Cemetery.
If you have any questions about your pet’s quality of life or the services of Desert Inn Animal Hospital, please contact our compassionate staff and veterinarians.

domain: pet


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Wine and chocolate are two of life’s greatest indulgences, each capable of igniting the senses with their rich flavors and luxurious textures. While traditionally enjoyed separately, the art of pairing wine and chocolate has emerged as a compelling adventure for the taste buds. However, this marriage of flavors is not without its complexities. To truly appreciate the harmony between wine and chocolate, one must navigate the nuances of taste, texture, and intensity. If you’re intrigued by the idea of this decadent pairing, let’s embark on a journey to discover the secrets of achieving perfect harmony between wine and chocolate.
Understanding Flavor Profiles:
Before delving into the intricacies of pairing wine and chocolate, it’s essential to understand the fundamental flavor profiles of both. Wine encompasses a vast spectrum of tastes, ranging from crisp and acidic whites to bold and robust reds. Similarly, chocolate presents an array of flavors, from creamy milk chocolate to intense dark varieties with varying percentages of cocoa content.
The key to successful pairing lies in complementing or contrasting these flavors harmoniously. For instance, a sweet dessert wine can balance the bitterness of dark chocolate, while a full-bodied red wine can provide a counterpoint to the creamy sweetness of milk chocolate. Experimenting with different combinations allows you to discover unique flavor experiences that tantalize the palate.
Guidelines for Pairing:
While there are no strict rules when it comes to pairing wine and chocolate, certain guidelines can help steer you in the right direction. Here are some considerations to keep in mind:
- Match Intensity: Pair wines and chocolates of similar intensity levels. For example, a robust Cabernet Sauvignon pairs well with dark chocolate with a high cocoa content, while a lighter Pinot Noir complements milk chocolate or white chocolate.
- Consider Sweetness: Ensure that the sweetness of the wine matches or exceeds that of the chocolate to prevent the wine from tasting sour or astringent. Sweeter wines such as Port, Madeira, or late-harvest Riesling are ideal companions for chocolates with higher cocoa content.
- Mind the Tannins: Tannic wines, such as Cabernet Sauvignon or Malbec, can clash with the bitterness of dark chocolate. Opt for wines with softer tannins or higher residual sugar to avoid an overly dry or astringent sensation.
- Experiment with Contrasts: While complementary pairings are often sought after, don’t hesitate to experiment with contrasting flavors. The interplay between sweet and savory, bitter and sweet, or creamy and acidic can result in surprising and delightful combinations.
- Consider Fruit and Nut Elements: Chocolate varieties infused with fruits, nuts, or spices offer additional layers of flavor that can influence the pairing. Match these elements with complementary wine flavors or experiment with contrasting notes for a dynamic tasting experience.
To inspire your journey into the world of wine and chocolate pairing, here are some classic combinations to try:
- Dark Chocolate & Cabernet Sauvignon: The bold tannins and dark fruit flavors of Cabernet Sauvignon complement the intense bitterness of dark chocolate, creating a sophisticated and indulgent pairing.
- Milk Chocolate & Merlot: The soft tannins and fruity notes of Merlot harmonize beautifully with the creamy sweetness of milk chocolate, resulting in a luscious and approachable pairing.
- White Chocolate & Moscato d’Asti: The light, floral sweetness of Moscato d’Asti balances the buttery richness of white chocolate, offering a delicate and refreshing contrast.
- Salted Caramel Chocolate & Tawny Port: The caramel notes and subtle saltiness of salted caramel chocolate are enhanced by the rich, nutty flavors of Tawny Port, creating a decadent and indulgent combination.
- Dark Chocolate with Chili & Zinfandel: The spicy kick of chili-infused dark chocolate finds harmony with the bold fruit flavors and peppery notes of Zinfandel, resulting in a fiery and exhilarating pairing.
Pairing wine and chocolate is a sensory adventure that invites exploration and experimentation. By understanding the fundamental principles of flavor interaction and considering factors such as intensity, sweetness, and texture, you can create unforgettable taste experiences that elevate both wine and chocolate to new heights of indulgence. Whether you prefer classic combinations or daring contrasts, the art of pairing wine and chocolate promises a journey of discovery and delight for your palate. So, the next time you indulge in these luxurious treats, dare to explore the possibilities and savor the symphony of flavors that await. Cheers to the decadent pleasures of wine and chocolate!