text: Between academic writing of history – what professional historians, usually employed by universities, do – and popular history – what journalists, celebrities and independent writers usually with some claim on fame do – there is a growing intermediate genre, which I will call ‘history light’. While popular history is produced rather quickly and often with armies of researchers working for the celebrity author, history light is artisanal. It takes more time and bears the mark of the scholar/journalist author. Such writers, smart people with a flair for fluid prose, have turned out bestsellers and prizewinners that have found a broad reading public. They can be read with enjoyment and profit by the general public and scholars alike. History light may not be as sensationalist or prurient as many popular histories, but neither is it as thickly evidenced or balanced as the best academic histories. Such books usually have a strong point of view, often supportive of the liberal/conservative status quo in the United States, and in the case of those that deal with Russia or the Soviet Union, usually condemnatory of the Soviet Union, communism and extremes of left and right. They often tend to be indictments rather than historically empathetic; that is, they shape evidence to a particular conviction instead of allowing a more complex, perhaps even ambiguous, reading.

domain: history


Asus are one of the largest motherboard manufacturers out there, as well as being one of the most respected. With a long history of making top-end enthusiast-based boards as well as a huge reputation in the OEM business, Asus motherboards have graced many different types of PC's over the years.
After introducting an X38-based motherboard in the Maximus Formula we're now taking a look at another X38 based board, this time with DDR3 support.
The P5E3 Deluxe is an Intel® X38 chipset-based motherboard that combines powerful performance with great energy efficiency; and supports DDR3 1800MHz dual-channel memory architecture and Dual PCI Express 2.0 x16 lanes for extreme graphics performance. It also comes with the world’s first ASUS EPU (Energy Processing Unit), allowing the CPU power supply to be digitally monitored and fine-tuned with improved VRM efficiency in heavy or light loadings – attaining the best possible power efficiency and energy savings to help save the environment.
AI Lifestyle Series motherboards bring lifestyle and personal computing together. They provide you better system performance to enjoy graphic-intensive games and applications. The cutting-edge audio feature dramatically enhances the quality of voice signal. Thoughtful design allows you to set up your system easily. To create a peaceful environment, several new and improved innovations are included to reduce noise and temperature. Don´t change your way of life for a computer. Instead let the ASUS Lifestyle Series improve the quality of your life.
One of the Asus Ai Lifestyle branded motherboards: the P5E3 comes with dual WiFi and a whole host of power saving features. The P5E3 looks to be a feature-stacked board that offers everything for the professional home user in mind.
Asus have followed up the Maximus by putting in the EPU (Energy Processing Unit) to bring digitally efficient savings when delivering the power to the CPU.
Let's take a look at the hard facts, and of course you can take a look at more of the foibles of the board on Asus's website.
LGA775 socket for Intel® Core™2 Quad / Core™2 Extreme / Core™2 Duo / Pentium® Extreme / Pentium® D / Pentium® 4 Processors Compatible with Intel® 05B/05A/06 processors Supports Intel® next generation 45nm Multi-Core CPU
Intel® X38 / ICH9R with Intel® Fast Memory Access Technology
Front Side Bus
1600/1333 / 1066 / 800 MHz
4 x DIMM, max. 8GB, DDR3 1800(O.C.)/1600(O.C.)/1333/1066/800 MHz, non-ECC, un-buffered memory Dual channel memory architecture *Refer to www.asus.com or this user manual for the Memory QVL(Qualified Vendors Lidts).
3 x PCIe x16 (blue @PCIe2.0 x16 mode, black @PCIe x4 or x1 mode) supports CrossFire Technology 2 x PCIe x1 2 x PCI
Southbridge - 6 x SATA 3.0 Gb/s ports - Intel Matrix Storage Technology supports RAID 0, 1, 5 and 10 JMicron® JMB363(JMB368) PATA and SATA controller - 1 x UltraDMA 133/100/66 for up to 2 PATA devices - 2 x External SATA 3.0 Gb/s port (SATA On-the-Go) - Supports SATA RAID 0,1,JBOD
Dual Gigabit LAN controllers Marvell88E8056® PCIe Gigabit LAN controller featuring AI NET2 RealtekRTL8110SC® PCI Gigabit LAN controller featuring AI NET2
ADI® AD1988B 8-channel High Definition Audio CODEC - Support Jack-Sensing, Enumeration, Multi-streaming - Coaxial / Optical S/PDIF out ports at back I/O - AI Audio 2 - ASUS Noise Filter
Agere® L-FW3227 1394a controller supports 2 x IEEE 1394a ports (one at midboard; one at back panel)
12 x USB 2.0 ports (6 ports at mid-board, 6ports at back panel)
ASUS AI Lifestyle Features
ASUS Power Saving Solution - ASUS EPU (Energy Processing Unit) - ASUS 3rd Generation 8-phase Power Design - ASUS AI Nap ASUS AI Lifestyle Features: - ASUS AI Direct Link ASUS Quiet Thermal Solution: - ASUS Fanless Design: Heat-pipe solution - ASUS Fanless Design: Stack Cool 2 - ASUS Q-Fan 2 - ASUS Optional Fan for Water-cooling or Passive-Cooling only ASUS Crystal Sound: - ASUS Noise Filter ASUS EZ DIY: - ASUS Q-Shield - ASUS Q-Connector - ASUS O.C. Profile - ASUS CrashFree BIOS 3 - ASUS EZ Flash 2 - ASUS AI Slot Detector
ASUS MyLogo 3 Multi-language BIOS
ASUS AI Booster utility Precision Tweaker 2: - vCore: Adjustable CPU voltage at 0.00625V increment - vDIMM: 64-step DRAM voltage control - vChipset (N.B.): 33-step DRAM voltage control - vFSB Termination: 15-step reference voltage control - vCPU PLL: 64-step CPU PLL voltage control SFS (Stepless Frequency Selection) - FSB tuning from 200MHz up to 800MHz at 1MHz increment - Memory tuning from 800MHz up to 3200MHz - PCI Express frequency tuning from 100MHz up to150MHz at 1MHz increment Overclocking Protection: - ASUS C.P.R.(CPU Parameter Recall)
Back Panel I/O Ports
1 x PS/2 Keyboard 1 x S/PDIF Out (Coaxial + Optical) 2 x External SATA 1 x IEEE1394a 2 x RJ45 port 6 x USB 2.0/1.1 8-channel Audio I/O
Internal I/O Connectors
3 x USB connectors support additional 6 USB ports 1 x Floppy disk drive connector 1 x IDE connector 1 x COM connector 6 x SATA connectors 1 x CPU Fan connector 4 x Chassis Fan connector 1 x Power Fan connector 1 x IEEE1394a connector Front panel audio connector 1 x S/PDIF Out Header Chassis Intrusion connector CD audio in 24-pin ATX Power connector 2 x 4-pin ATX 12V Power connector System Panel(Q-Connector)
16 Mb Flash ROM, AMI BIOS, PnP, DMI2.0, WfM2.0, SM BIOS 2.3, ACPI 2.0a, Multi-language BIOS, ASUS EZ Flash 2, ASUS CrashFree BIOS 3
WfM 2.0, DMI 2.0, WOL by PME, WOR by PME, PXE
UltraDMA 133/100/66 cable FDD cable 6 x Serial ATA cables 1 x 2-port Serial ATA power cable ASUS Q-Shield User's manual 3 in 1 Q-connector 1 x 2-port USB2.0 / 1-port IEEE1394 module 2 x Optional Fan for Water-Cooling or Passive-Cooling only
Drivers ASUS PC Probe II ASUS Update ASUS AI Suite Anti-virus software (OEM version) Image-Editing Suite
ATX Form Factor, 12"x 9.6" (30.5cm x 24.4cm)
Even though the P5E3 isn't a Republic of Gamers Board (RoG), there's a whole load of features to get you slavering in your coffee. Now let's get onto the nitty gritty...
Asus P5E3 Deluxe WiFi-AP @n Socket 775 Motherboard Page: 2
Asus seem to keep their Home branded motherboard packaging very professional and the P5E3 is no exception. Whilst this may not stand out on shelves, it's nice to get a good looking box through the door.
The box rear also shows the highly unusual feature that Asus have included with this board: the dual WiFi connection.
The box has a panel that opens to show more of the features of the P5E3, telling you all about its power saving capabilities and "EPU" chip. We'll come to that later.
The box is packaged up pretty well but I can't stop thinking Asus have skimped a little compared to some other high end boards such as the Abit IN9 32X Max. Still, you won't have a problem with damage to the board, so it does the job.
The package that comes with the P5E3 is pretty enormous. Almost too many to list really, but I will give it a go:
* 6 x SATA cables * 1 x HDD IDE cable * 1 x FDD IDE cable * 2 x WiFi dongles * 2 x Asus fans designed for active cooling of the mosfet and chipset heatpipe's * 1 x Molex to SATA Power Converter * 1 x Asus IR Remote and USB infra-red reciever * 1 x Backplate IO for USB and Firewire * Set of Asus 3-in-1 IQ connecters * Driver CD * Asus Software Solutions CD * Quick start guide * Asus WiFi-AP @n user guide * Asus Remote user guide
Quite a package of goodies for you there; can't complain about it at all (though rounded IDE's might be good Asus, thanks).
All in all Asus have done a good job making this feel somewhat "special" with a whole load of stuff you don't need may find useful.
Let's take a look at this board and weigh up how it looks.
Asus P5E3 Deluxe WiFi-AP @n Socket 775 Motherboard Page: 3 Board Layout and Features
Asus have followed the recent trend of having rather large and complicated heatpipe systems cooling just about everything on the board. There is an array of heatpipes and fins, but unlike the RoG Maximus, there is no appearance of Asus's water-blocks.
The colour co-ordinating is easy to make sense of and the black PCB makes a nice first impression. The only thing I could say is that there are a lot of colours on the board and so it's not lent itself so much to a case with a window. The general layout is pretty good with almost everything sitting at the edges of the board. With 90° flipped SATA and IDE connectors, Asus have shown some thought has gone into the design. One thing I would make note of was the fairly large distance across the board that some of the I/O connectors have been placed, meaning a bit of a stretch for some case wiring.
The ring of heatpipes around the CPU area make the P5E3 feel a little crowded. After trying a few of our test heatsinks on the board I was pleasantly surprised to see that there was room for even the huge Scythe Infinity (Mugen).
As an addendum to this, it is going to make replacing all those heatpipe's fairly difficult and possibly expensive if you want to install your own 3rd party cooler on there.
The memory area is well organised, although it does look a little close to the heatpipe arrangement. As I mentioned before, Asus have given a nice block of 90° SATA ports. It's also good to see that the battery is away from the primary graphics card.
At this point I am going to mention the motherboard cooling again. Asus have once again implemented retention mechanisms for the heatsinks used on the board. This is a good move and should keep everything in place.
Getting onto the PCI and PCI-e slots, Asus have gone with 3 full size PCI-e slots, 2 x PCI slots and 2 x PCI-e x 1 slots. This should be enough for even the most packed system, although some may lament the lack of PCI-e x 1 devices to put in those gaps.
Again we see just how everything is squeezed in on this board with the I/O's barely missing the heatsink configuration by millimetres.
As usual, Asus have done a great job laying the board out. Only a couple of minor niggles sit in my mind, although that huge heatsink configuration may be a bigger issue for some.
There's a couple of things I miss as an enthusiast from the RoG Maximus:
* On board power/reset switches * External CMOS reset * POST LED readout
Still, this is a "lifestyle" board and as such is not aimed at the same audience.
What's this? Another page you say? Well I couldn't review this board without mentioning some of the extra features that the AI-Lifestyle has added to it.
For those who make use of the benefits of WiFi, Asus have provided not one but two sets of WiFi antennas with this board. It's hard to say if this is for an actual use or just for show, but it will please those who use WiFi none-the-less.
Tying in with the AI-Lifestyle is the Asus remote. This IR remote allows USB wake on and power which is pretty useful. There's also an Asus software suite that allows you to use the remote to control pretty much any program you need to, such as iTunes and WMP. The remote is a natty addition to the normal hardware that comes with motherboards. Some will use it, some won't, but I found it a nice little tool.
As I couldn't quite get scientific results from the board as far as power saving was concerned, I left this out of the main body of the review. However, it's definitely worth a mention for those who are very power-conscious. Asus have done a good job implementing their EPU and at points it does afford real energy saving when using the board.
In-built Linux OS - Express Gate
Here's what Asus have to say about the in-built OS:
Surf the Internet in 5-second-boot time without entering Windows With a fast bootup speed of only 5 seconds, the ASUS Express Gate offers an optional Linux OS bootup that allows you to enjoy instant access to commonly used functions like accessing the Internet, VoIP, and Web emailing without entering the OS.
And in all honesty they are correct. Right when the motherboard is booting you have the screen above and have a short time period to hit "enter OS". If you manage to get this right, everything boots into the Linux OS super-fast.
The OS gives you the option of web-surfing or using Skype. How useful this is I will leave up to you, but I will say that web-browsing is super-fast and well-featured with what I believe is Mozilla Firefox browser in-built.
All in all you cannot fault the extra little touches that come with this board.
The I/O panel on the Asus P5E3 is fairly comprehensive as well as modern. Featuring:
* 1 x PS/2 keyboard connector * 1 x SP/DIF Optical digital audio output * 1 x SP/DIF Coaxial digital output * 2 x e-SATA ports * 1 x Firewire ports * 6 x USB ports * 2 x RJ45 LAN Port * 8 channel analogue sound output * 2 x WiFi aerials via add-in WiFI-AP @n card
It's a pretty comprehensive set of I/O's and good to see a PS/2 keyboard included in there. The most unusual feature there would be dual aerials for the WiFi cards.
The P5E3's BIOS is based around the Phoenix BIOS and as usual, Asus have managed to squeeze more options in there than you can shake a stick at. I personally prefer the layout of the Award BIOS, but the BIOS with the P5E3 is hard to find fault with.
The "Extreme Tweaker" part of the BIOS really hits the spot as an enthusiast. With a whole host of overclocking features, Asus have gone a long way to satiating my desire for options! Above are the CPU/FSB and memory options you have in the extensive BIOS.
200-800mhz (1mhz steps)
100-150mhz (1mhz steps)
Plenty to adjust there then.
A shortage of voltage adjustments there is not. Some of these are a little more constrained than on the Maximus RoG board but they still do the trick OK. The only one I'd perhaps like a little more on in the extreme side of tweaking in the Northbridge Voltage. Remember that DDR3 does not need as much voltage as its DDR2 counterpart. Also included is an "overclock over-charging voltage" that means you can pump even more juice into the CPU beyond the available options of the CPU Voltage Ref
1.1v-1.70v (0.00625v steps)
FSB Termination Voltage
1.20v-1.5v (0.02v steps)
1.25v-1.91v (0.02v steps)
1.50-2.78v (0.02v steps)
1.050v-1.20vv (0.15v steps)
1.05-2.78v (0.02v steps)
All of the controls change from green to orange to red as you go higher and there's even a warning when you put the NB voltage at the highest to get better cooling!
Asus have also given you the option of saving two overclock profiles into the BIOS which is pretty great and saves a lot of time.
The temperature monitoring in the BIOS also allows for Asus' excellent QFan control system.
And of course some voltage monitoring is included too.
All in all Asus have provided an incredibly comprehensive BIOS that doesn't fail to impress, especially considering this is a board aimed at "lifestyle" users, rather than gamers or overclockers necessarily.
Asus P5E3 Deluxe WiFi-AP @n Socket 775 Motherboard Page: 6 Test Setup
As you may or may not be aware, all of Overclock3D's motherboard test setups have been updated with identical hardware to reflect the growing need for quad core computing. We endeavor to get the hardware test setups as close as possible for each review performed.
During the testing of the boards above, special care was taken to ensure that the BIOS settings used matched whenever possible. A fresh install of Windows Vista was also used between switching boards, preventing any possible performance issues due to left-over drivers from the previous motherboard install.
To guarantee a broad range of results, the following benchmark utilities were used:
Synthetic CPU & Memory Subsystem • Sisoft Sandra XII 2008c • Lavalys Everest 4.0
File Compression & Encoding • 7-Zip File Compression • River Past ViMark
Disk I/O Performance • HDTach 184.108.40.206 • Sisoft Sandra XII 2008c
Overclocking was performed through the BIOS as all good overclocks should be. With all three boards having a huge amount of options and the Maximus and the DFI having reputations for being excellent overclockers, the P5E3 could be up against it in this part of our testing.
The P5E3 managed to top the other boards by a small margin here, although it took an effort to squeeze that little bit extra from the Q6600 without better NorthBridge and chipset cooling. The P5E3 at 3690MHz just out-performs the other two boards here.
After the slightly higher result in general overclocking I was expecting at least as high FSB from the P5E3 as the other two boards. Here the P5E3 shows its slight disadvantage over the other two boards with a few voltage options needing to be slightly higher to get the best FSB.
In general, the P5E3 is a good solid overclocker and should get the best out of your chip.
Asus P5E3 Deluxe WiFi-AP @n Socket 775 Motherboard Page: 7
SiSoft Sandra is a synthetic benchmark utility capable of reporting and benchmarking a wide range of system components. All benchmarks were run three times to ensure reliability and consistency.
As you can see with the SiSoft Sandra results above, the P5E3 gains some performance by having DDR3, especially in the bandwidth and latency tests, despite actually having higher latency timings.
Everestis in many ways similar to Sisoft Sandra. Focusing mainly on Software and Hardware information reporting, Everest also comes with a benchmark utility suitable for testing the read, write and latency performance of the memory subsystem.
Again the P5E3 shows its speed in the Lavalys Everest memory bandwidth tests.
Asus P5E3 Deluxe WiFi-AP @n Socket 775 Motherboard Page: 8
ViMark is the latest addition to the OC3D motherboard testing process and a relatively new benchmarking application in general. Designed to take the inaccuracies and guesswork out of measuring the time taken to encode video files, ViMark produces easily comparable and consistent results for encoding Windows Media, Quicktime, AVI and GIF files.
ViMark shows that the P5E3 is round about in the middle of both previously tested boards, not much of a difference between them all here.
7-Zip is an open source winzip-style file compression utility that has the ability to compress and decompress many file formats including it's own .7z compression scheme. 7-Zip also comes complete with its own benchmarking utility for gauging the compression and decompression speed of the system that it is installed on.
7-Zip shows a decent performance increase on the P5E3, again perhaps due to the DDR3 used on this board.
Asus P5E3 Deluxe WiFi-AP @n Socket 775 Motherboard Page: 9
HDTach is a free hard disk benchmarking program from Simpli Software. This benchmark is not only capable of producing results on hard disk access times but also CPU usage required during disk access.
Just going on the HD Tach results, we see that the I/O performance on the P5E3 seems faster than on the other two high-end boards.
SiSoft Sandra is a synthetic benchmark utility capable of reporting and benchmarking a wide range of system components. For all of the motherboards we run the Disk Read & Access benchmarks three times to ensure accuracy of results.
The disc read index is higher on the P5E3, mimicking the results from HD Tach. Disc read access times were very slightly higher compared to the other two boards, but not by a huge margin.
Asus P5E3 Deluxe WiFi-AP @n Socket 775 Motherboard Page: 10
Cinebench 10is a benchmarking tool based on the powerful 3D software Cinema 4D. Consequently, the results of tests conducted using Cinebench carry significant weight when analysing a computer’s performance in everyday use.
Cinebench results show that the P5E3 is a little slower than the other two boards during rendering tasks.
3DMarkis a popular synthetic gaming benchmark used by many gamers and overclockers to gauge the performance of their PC's. All 3DMark runs were performed 3 times with averages being calculated from each of the results.
3DMarks results show a surprising increase from the P5E3. I can only concede that the extra bandwidth and performance from DDR3 really helps with the scores here.
Asus P5E3 Deluxe WiFi-AP @n Socket 775 Motherboard Page: 11
Quake 4 is a game built on the Doom 3 engine. Benchmarking was performed using Quake4Bench and a custom timedemo recording along with 0xAA, 0xAF settings at a resolution of 1024x768.
Quake 4 shows that the P5E3 is up with its top-end colleagues.
F.E.A.R. is a game based on the Lithtech Jupiter EX engine. It has volumetric lighting, soft shadows, parallax mapping and particle effects. Included in the game is a benchmark facility that taxes the entire PC system. This benchmark was run 3 times to ensure uniformity of results.
Again the gaming results are similar for all three boards with F.E.A.R.
Bioshock is a recent FPS shooter by 2K games. Based on the UT3 engine it has a large amount of advanced DirectX techniques including excellent water rendering and superb lighting and smoke techniques. All results were recorded using F.R.A.P.S with several identical runs through the same area of the game.
Being a manually run benchmark, Bioshock is more likely to get slight variances in FPS. The P5E3 is again around about as fast as all boards tested.
The 3D rendering and gaming tests are a very mixed bunch. 3Dmark showed a very nice increase in performance with the P5E3's DDR3, but the gaming and rendering aren't quite the marked improvement you would expect across the board. I don't think you'd be disappointed with any of these three boards, although 3D benchers might want that large 3DMark score increase.
Asus have once again produced an excellent motherboard in their P5E3 Deluxe WiFi-AP @n. It's feature-packed and with DDR3 onboard, gives some great performance.
The addition of wireless on the P5E3 will undoubtedly be very helpful for those who will utilise it, however, I can't help thinking that extra £20+ puts the board on the wrong side of £200. If you're going to buy a wireless card it's not a waste of money really. Let's also not forget that Asus have included a wireless remote which comes in very very handy, as I have had experience with one of the very first Asus Core2Duo compatible boards, the P5W DH Deluxe.
Performance in general on the P5E3 is very good, with the addition of DDR3 producing some blazing results in memory and I/O testing. The only drawback with this at the moment is that DDR3 costs an absolute fortune, which is a little unfortunate. This makes it very hard to recommend the P5E3 over the Maximus.
When we consider that overclocking performance is about on-par or at points slightly below the Maximus, again it gives me a few reasons not to say "go and buy it". At £205 at Komplett, that's a good £25 more expensive than the Asus Maximus.
Overall then the P5E3 WiFI-AP @n is a great board with a bundle of features, excellent layout and nice performance. It's basically hindered by its price and the price of DDR3.
I can recommend the P5E3 for those who have deep pockets and who want those extra little touches mentioned. As such it gets an Overclock3D "Recommended Award".
+ Great layout + Good performance + Nice little "touches" + Excellent Bundle + Good looks


text:
| Trophy trout, a Mono tradition
Trophy size rainbow trout aren’t strangers in Mono County waters. Throughout the season heavyweight catches are commonplace. All you have to do is look at the photos in WON and other publications, ranging from chunky 3- to 5-pound catches topping out at an occasional 10 pounder and better.
These aren’t fish from the local DFG hatchery. They’re the product of a vision that began back in the late 1980s , Local rancher and aquaculturist Tim Alpers along with Mono County teamed up with an objective providing a “little more” for the thousands of yearly visiting anglers in the form of a trophy fishery.
Initially Mono County provided the funding and Alpers provided the fish. A few years later, the Town of Mammoth Lakes joined in as a funding partner. Next in line was a handful of landing and resort operators who provided additional private funding for spicing up their waters. Today, 22 lakes and streams throughout Mono County and the Town of Mammoth Lakes are on the trophy trout-stocking menu.
“This year we’re looking at stocking right around 60,000 pounds” said Alpers. “Size ranges from 1- to 2-pound superstockers for smaller stream waters to trophy fish averaging 5 pounds and more for the lakes.”
Memorial Day weekend traditionally kicks off the Alpers stocking program. Stocking continues on a regular schedule to the end of October., with super heavyweights” earmarked for waters shortly before holidays and the end of September.
To our DFG’s credit, their put-and-take stocker program provides the bread-and- butter fish to fill stringers. But when you’re taking a half-pound stocker, and an angler down the line hooks up with a 5 pounder, there’s adrenalin rush knowing the heavyweights are there,and maybe you’re next in line.
“The program has certainly been great for the local fishing scene, “said Ernie’s TackleownerJohn Logue, a15-year June Lake operator. “One of the questions I always hear is, ‘Where have they stocked Alpers?’ It gives the fisherman the chance at catching something besides a 10-inch stocker. Everybody I talk to knows they’re there, and they’re fired up at having the chance at catching at least one.”
Unfortunately, an issue of controversy has surfaced relating to the Inland Aquaculture Group facility. The operation, situated on county owned property involves several agencies. Questions have been raised by one of the agencies, CalTrans, relating to the visual impact of the operation. Pat McDonell’s in the opening day coverage issue of May 6 touched on that controversy, and you can read morein his blog archive at www.wonews.com.For this year, though, the operation is running at full speed, however, concerns have been expressed regarding the future.
For now, big fish are in the Sierra waters, and like everyone else, for me it’s always a thrill to have a big one on.
Martin Strelneck is a longtime WON staffer and columnist, a retired three-term Mono County Sheriff, a freelance writer for several local publications, and a resident in Lee Vining with his wife Beth for more than four decades.

domain: news


text:
This recipe was developed by Chef Bruce Aidells, author of The Complete Meat Cookbook.
Posted: Aug. 13, 2012
| Cooks I Like
Posted: Oct. 10, 2014
Posted: Feb. 3, 2014
Posted: Sep. 9, 2013
Posted: Oct. 3, 2011
Posted: Aug. 1, 2008
Magnificent main dishes for your holiday table are here, from roast beef to a Christmas goose.
Dozens and dozens of appetizers perfect for the winter season.
Delicious recipes, party ideas, and cooking tips! Get a year of Allrecipes magazine for $5!
Read our allrecipes.com blog

domain: food


text:
For the common people, fruits are nutritious and delicious edible things, but for a botanist, fruits are the seed-bearing structure found in flowering plants.
During the ancient period or even today, many of the animals including human beings are dependent on fruits (for their survival).
Likewise, fruit is usually fleshy seed-associated structures of a plant, which is edible in the raw state (not all types of fruits are edible, as some are poisonous) and tastes sweet or sour.
The layer, usually, surrounding the seeds, is known as ‘pericarp.’
Formed of ovary, pericarp is the edible part of fruit.
The pericarp further classified as epicarp, mesocarp, and endocarp.
Some fruits are seedless (such as banana), which have pretty high commercial importance.
Further, some fruits are scientifically developed seedless such as pineapples, grapes, etc.
Based on the fertilization of the flowers, fruit is classified as −
True Fruits − When the fruit forms in the ovary (of the flower) through fertilization is known as true fruit. E.g. strawberry.
False Fruits − The fruits formed some other means (other than ovary), such as calyx, thalamus, corolla, etc. known as false fruits. E.g. pear, apple, etc.
Further, because of verities and diversities, fruits are classified as −
Simple fruit − It can be either dry fruit (such as coconut, walnut, etc.) or fleshy (such as gooseberry, tomato, etc.).
Aggregate fruit − It is formed from single flowers, which have multiple carpels. E.g. raspberry.
Multiple fruit − It is formed from a cluster of flowers, e.g. pineapple, mulberry, etc.
Following table illustrates the name of fruits and their edible parts −
|Chinese date||Epicarp & Mesocarp|
|Ground nut||Seed leaves|


The Two Faces of Obama’s Human Rights Policy
Helle Dale /
If you are a human rights activist or suffer under the yoke of an oppressive regime, do not expect the United States to be rushing to your assistance these days. As the U.S. government persists in pursuing engagement with less than savory regimes – such as those of Cuba and Iran – those who fight for liberty for their citizens are feeling the pinch.
Groups supporting freedom for the citizens of Iran have felt the change in tone since President Obama took office. One example was the defunding of the Iran Human Rights Documentation Center in New Haven, Connecticut, which was denied a $2.7 million grant last fall. Also, despite the fact that Secretary of State Hillary Clinton in January declared open season on Internet censorship on part of the U.S. government, the State Department has yet to walk the walk. “We stand for a single Internet where all of humanity has equal access to knowledge and ideas. And we recognize that the world’s information infrastructure will become what we and others make of it. Now, this challenge may be new, but our responsibility to help ensure the free exchange of ideas goes back to the birth of our republic,” she said. Fine words, but what is the reality? (more…)


text:
Terms & Conditions
All the visitors are requested to read all the terms and conditions under which they can purchase food and other products from vprfoods.com. Only visitors agreeing for these terms may place their order as they would be subjecting themselves to the following terms and conditions for placing the order for purchase of food products. IF YOU DO NOT AGREE TO ANY OF THESE TERMS, YOU ARE ADVISED NOT TO FURTHER ACCESS THE SITE OR REGISTER AS CUSTOMER OF E-STORE.
This is a legal agreement (“Agreement”) between the visitor/customer and VPR FOOD & BEVERAGES in Vijayawada, India, under Companies Act 1956, having its registered office at Ground Floor, 1-39/1, Gudavali, Vijayawada Rural, Krishna, Andhra Pradesh.
Access to the site cannot be had unless and until these terms and conditions are read, understood and consented to. Any person consenting to the terms and conditions by clicking on the button/link provided for, shall be deemed to have read all the terms and conditions and has understood the same.
Ownership: The e-store is owned and operated by VPR FOOD & BEVERAGES. The Company hereby

domain: law


text:
Jean-Michel Basquiat: King Pleasure
601 West 26th Street, New York
To begin experiencing Jean-Michel Basquiat: King Pleasure even before I set foot in the Starrett-Lehigh Building in New York’s Chelsea district, I queued up “Listen Like Basquiat: Childhood,” one of four Spotify playlists curated to accompany the exhibit. The voices of Lena Horne and Dinah Washington buoy me on what’s otherwise an oppressively hot day. When I arrived, I was greeted by a recording of Jean-Michel reading from the Book of Genesis, along with a number of portraits from various stages of his life.
Taken together, the exhibition feels less like a retrospective
→ Continue reading at The Architect's Newspaper

domain: artistic


Samsung Galaxy A30
The Galaxy A30 is one of Samsung’s midrange devices, and to be honest with you, there’s one thing that makes it a contender for a strong podium finish: its 6.4″ Full HD+ Super AMOLED display. This, for me, is something that you won’t even find on many smartphones that go for up to RM1,500, and is certainly something worth considering.
Besides that, the A30 comes with Android 9.0 (Pie) out of the box, and has a dedicated microSD slot of up to 1TB, which is way more than you’d ever need; it’s available for RM799. As for cameras, the A30 gets a dual-camera setup at the back where you’re getting a 16MP f/1.7 aperture wide camera with a 5MP f/2.2 aperture ultra wide-angle secondary camera. For selfies, the A30 sports a 16MP f/2.0 selfie shooter.
Under the hood, the A30 is powered by Samsung’s Exynos 7904 processor inside that’s mated to 4GB of RAM and 64GB of internal storage—enough for your daily tasks, but probably not the best option in this list for your gaming needs.
Samsung Galaxy A30—4GB RAM + 64GB storage—RM799


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RURAL beauty spot Roseberry Topping came out on top as Gazette readers’ favourite view.
And now you’ve been sending your favourite photographs of the famous summit in your droves.
Roseberry Topping was the comfortable winner after we asked you to log on to gazettelive.co.uk and vote for the landscape you love most.
Then we asked for your favourite pictures of the view.
Among the many stirring scenes was Roseberry Topping in winter, captured on camera by Peter Porteous.
Eileen Stockwell sent in a colourful image of one of her own acrylic paintings.
Andy Hudson, of Middlesbrough, sent in an image of a colourful and abstract stained glass panel, which hangs in his kitchen.
Other pictures of the beautiful scenery which lies below Roseberry Topping include shots taken by Rita Ord, of Nunthorpe, Joan McElvaney, of Normanby, and Andy Weighell, of Stokesley.
Roseberry Topping’s name stems from its Viking title Odins Toppen - or Odin’s Hill, Odin being a Viking god.
Its jagged summit was originally much smoother and more symmetrical - but a landslide caused by a geological fault reshaped it in 1914.
And ever since, it’s been a distinctive and much-loved part of our lives.

domain: geography


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Nagahama Beach is located in Yomitan Village in the central part of the main island of Okinawa.
The shallows are designated as an area for Sea Lettuce fishing and are not very suitable for swimming, but the sea is full of creatures and you can feel the nature.
- Evaluation of Nagahama beach
- Infomation of Nagahama Beach
- Recommended Points
- Access Information
- A Hotel around Nagahama Beach
Evaluation of Nagahama beach
Notes: This evaluation is compared with other beaches in Okinawa by Okinawa Bookmark administrator
Infomation of Nagahama Beach
Nagahama Beach in Yomitan Village is designated as an area forSea Lettuce fishing, so it is not very suitable for swimming and activities.
Some people go fishing offshore.
Sea Lettuce Fishing Area
Reinforcing bars stuck in the sea seem to be used forSea Lettuce fishing.
There are many creatures in the shallow
There are many “small fish” and “sea cucumbers” in the shallow.
Be careful when walking in shallow as it is slippery.
The scenery is different between high tide and low tide
At high tide, you can’t see the rebar used forSea Lettuce fishing as shown in the image above.
At low tide, the waves are so strong that you can walk to the offshore.
Beautiful sandy beach
The sandy beach is so smooth and natural that you can’t imagine them.
The view from the hills of Nagahama is beautiful
The view overlooking Nagahama Beach from the hills of Nagahama is also beautiful.
|Access||About 60 minutes by car from Naha Airport|
|Address||Nagahama, Yomitan Village, Okinawa Prefecture|
A Hotel around Nagahama Beach
Grandy Style Okinawa Yomitan Hotel & Resort is a resort hotel where you can enjoy the ocean view of Okinawa from the large pool.
The hotel is equipped with a restaurant and cafe lounge so you can enjoy the feeling of a resort.
There were people who were looking at the sea slowly and people who were shooting the sea by flying a drone at Nagahama Beach.
It’s not suitable for swimming, but it’s a place where you can enjoy other activities as well.
Thank you for reading until the end.


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Our automatic movement is equipped with a double barrel and a variable inertia balance, giving the movements better operating stability and optimal timing. Its winding speed is very fast. With its small dimensions rarely found on the market, it offers extremely wide scope for creativity.
> From 25 pieces in its Seed VMF 3000 version, with personalisation of the plate of the oscillating weight.
> From 250 pieces in its S-VMF 3000 version, with personalisation of the bridges (shapes and decorations) and of the oscillating weight.


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Reese Witherspoon to Record Duet With Michael Buble
Reese Witherspoon may be singing professionally in the near future. The Oscar-winning actress, who gave birth to her third child last month, reportedly is in talks to record a duet with Canadian singer Michael Buble, a source told Us Weekly.
Witherspoon has actually displayed a skill in singing when starring in "Walk the Line" in which she won an Oscar as country singer June Carter. She did training and voice lessons to prepare for the role, calling the experience "the most challenging, horrifying experience of [her] life."
In the drama film inspired by the real-life story of Johnny Cash and his tumultuous life, Witherspoon played Cash's second wife. So intimidated by the idea of having to perform in front of live audience, Witherspoon asked her lawyer to terminate the movie contract. "I'd never sung professionally," she said in an interview. However, her performance was eventually well-received by movie critics including Roger Ebert.
The actress has been seen out and about after giving birth to Tennessee James on September 27. She was shopping for new clothes in Beverly Hills on Wednesday, October 24 with a female friend. She also took son Deacon to a soccer game last weekend at a Los Angeles soccer field near her Brentwood, California home.
- 'Gilmore Girls: A Year in the Life' Gets First Teaser and Premiere Date
- Jennifer Garner and Ben Affleck '100 Percent Still Separated' Amid Reconciliation Rumors
- Miranda Lambert's Rep Shoots Down Pregnancy Rumors
- Watch Star-Studded Performance of 'What the World Needs Now Is Love' at DNC
- 'Miss Peregrine's Home for Peculiar Children' Featurette Brings Out the Poetic World
- Keshia Knight Pulliam Accuses Her Husband of Cheating While Tearfully Talking About Divorce
- Beyonce Is Reported to Perform at 2016 MTV VMAs
- George and Amal Clooney Are Reportedly Expecting First Child


Lately Kind Of Yeah
“Sturm und Drang”
Lately Kind of Yeah – Sturm und Drang (VULP-0146)
Part of the Lately Kind of Yeah archive series.
Sturm und Drang is a greatly improved and expanded Storm and Urge, originally released on Vulpiano back in 2011. Awash with noise but still so sweet, and perhaps one of the warmest, coziest releases LKOY’s discography.
Words from the artist:
“Marking a start to the singer-songwriter transition, I went away from sequencing synths and into learning how to sing. It was ultimately influenced by relationships and usually from the perspective of ‘me to you’, but its turn-around was that I always sang them to myself. Despite drowning most lyrics in delay and noise, it only mattered if I knew what they were. This was my practice of reminders and rewiring.
There’s always been recordings from each cycle that sang and latched onto other people, giving reason into sharing the music at all, but that did eventually mutate why I liked to record. Once anyone else heard my voice, it wasn’t really mine anymore.”


Chrysler – Custom Imperial CL (1933)
- Vehicle Type:
- Convertible Sedan
- Coach Builder:
- LeBaron Carossiers Inc.
- Engine CC:
- Jack Boyd Smith Jr. (US)
Class ATHE FAST AND THE FORMAL: PRE-WAR HIGH-SPEED LUXURY
The name of this model already reveals the claim formulated by Chrysler at the time. The manufac- turer offered the Imperial as a top-of-the-line model that reflected the aspirations of the world’s elite. The spectacularly long convertible body was styled by LeBaron in Detroit. Only 50 of these cars were produced, with 32 of them wearing the more modern front end from 1933. The vacuum- assisted technology already used by Chrysler at the time is unexpectedly complex.
Many of the systems were discreetly servo-assisted, for example the hydraulic brakes and the clutch. This outstandingly documented example not only has its original engine and body to this day but is also regarded as the best-documented and restored Chrysler CL Imperial in existence. Out of the more than 10,000 hours that were devoted to the painstaking refurbishment, around one third alone were channelled into researching the history and the correct materials. One example of this was identifying the correct shade of paint with the lyrical name Moonglow. A perfect match with a miniscule remnant of the original paint was only achieved after more than a dozen formulations.


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With the start of the 2005-06 year comes a host of new academic programs at PSU, including a handful of new doctoral and master’s degree options and a complete review of the University Studies program.
A groundbreaking Ph.D. in biology, the first disciplinary doctoral program in science at PSU, is scheduled for external review by the Oregon University System.
“It’s a great point of pride for us, and a major step forward for the university,” said Roy Koch, provost and vice president of academic affairs.
In the one-to-two-day process, a team of three external reviewers will visit the campus to examine the proposed doctoral program in detail, including its curriculum, physical resources and faculty.
After the external review, the team’s report goes back to the Oregon University System, which either approves the program or recommends revisions. Once approved by OUS, doctoral programs go on to the state Board of Higher Education for final approval.
A doctorate in technology management is also scheduled for external review by the OUS, and a doctorate in sociology and social inequity has been submitted to the OUS for consideration.
The state Board has already approved a new doctorate in applied psychology. Program concentrations will include industrial and organizational psychology, applied social and community psychology and applied developmental psychology.
The program is expected to graduate 15 to 20 students annually, with the first graduates appearing in about five years.
New programs aren’t just confined to doctoral aspirants. Two new master’s programs are fully developed and pending OUS approval: an masters in art history and an executive master of public administration (E.M.P.A.).
Four master’s programs in engineering and computer science are also being offered off-site in Beaverton, via a program known as “West Side.” The West Side master’s offerings include computer science, electrical and computer engineering, and engineering and technology management, and the Oregon master of software engineering.
According to Koch, a bachlor’s in administration of justice will soon be offered via a fully online format, administered through the Extended Studies program.
A potentially important change on the undergraduate horizon is the formal review of the University Studies program.
“University Studies is 10 years old,” Koch said. “It hasn’t been revisited since its design and implementation. It’s a natural time to assess the program and ask what’s working and what’s not.”
“PSU gets a lot of very positive external publicity from University Studies,” said Cynthia Brown, chair of the University Studies evaluation committee. “There are a lot of great things about the program – now we’re looking to take it to the next level.”
The committee is charged with a complete review of the curricular aspects of University Studies as well as whether or not it is meeting its objectives.
“We’re going to the whole university community for help,” said Brown, chair of the department of computer science in the Maseeh College of Engineering and Computer Science. “During fall term, we’ll be using questionnaires, town meetings and focus groups to try and solicit input.”
A web site – http://unstreview.groups.pdx.edu – is already posted and awaiting comments from students, staff and faculty. The site will also be used to keep the university community informed of the committee’s progress.
The University Studies review committee will also look at the additional, “tacked on” requirements for the bachelor of arts and bachelor of science degrees – e.g., foreign language credits for the former and extra science for the latter – and consider whether or not those might be incorporated into the University Studies requirements.
Is there any chance that the University Studies program will go away?
“Not completely,” Brown said. “There may be some restructuring, though.”
One curriculum change has a brand new feel. On Sept. 29, PSU and Mt. Hood Community College will announce the beginning of a joint Hospitality and Tourism Program. The college will provide an associate degree in hospitality and tourism, after which students will transfer to PSU to complete a baccalaureate in business administration.
Many of the training classrooms will be located at PSU’s University Place. Tourism is Oregon’s second largest industry (high technology is the first), generating $2.9 billion in the Portland area in 2004 and creating more than 27,000 local jobs.
Portland State offers more than 100 undergraduate, master’s and doctoral degree programs and confers more master’s degrees annually than any other Oregon university.


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OAKLAND — A 35-year-old man died and another man was hospitalized in critical condition after a shooting Monday in an East Oakland neighborhood, authorities said.
The name of the man killed has not yet been released. He is an Oakland resident, police said.
The shooting happened about 5 p.m. Monday in the 8600 block of International Boulevard.
The man who died was dropped off at a hospital by another person, authorities said.
The other man shot, who police said is a 22-year-old Vallejo resident, was able to make it to the area of 90th Avenue and MacArthur Boulevard where police were called and he was taken to a hospital where he was listed in critical condition.
Police have not yet said if the two men shot knew each other. A motive for the shooting has not been released. No arrests have been made.
The killing is the 60th homicide investigated this year by Oakland police. The California Highway Patrol has investigated four homicides on Oakland freeways. Last year at this time Oakland police had investigated 72 homicides.
Police and Crime Stoppers of Oakland are offering up to $15,000 in reward money for information leading to the arrest of a suspect. Anyone with information may call police at 510-238-3821 or 510-238-7950 or Crime Stoppers at 510-777-8572.
Staff writer Harry Harris contributed to this report. Contact George Kelly at 408-859-5180.


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Contact Us |
The South African Institute of Black Property Practitioners (SAIBPP) through a partnership with WITS University and commercial retail property investment fund; Pareto Ltd, announced the launch of the internationally acclaimed IREM Certified Property Manager (CPM) certification on Friday, August 18 2017 – a first for the African continent.
JSE listed Balwin Properties Limited (“Balwin”) and Transcend Residential Property Fund (“Transcend”) today announced a strategic alliance with the intention to bring to market up to 8,900 quality affordable rental apartments across five developments in key Gauteng nodes over the next six years.
The traditional 8-hour workday is an outdated, ineffective approach to work that actually diminishes productivity.
The hospitality and gaming industry in South Africa might be perceived as male dominated terrain but within Sun International’s sales team, women are the majority.
Since the Consumer Protection Act was implemented in 2011.
The construction of Tshwane Regional Mall in Mamelodi is progressing beyond expectation.
The passing of a loved one is a difficult time, and dealing with the intricacies of inheritance while grieving is not always easy.
The National Home Builders Registration Council’s (NHBRC) Disciplinary Committee has imposed a fine of R1.6 million on a developer after failing to enrol residential units which were under construction at Elarduspark in Gauteng.
Levels of building activity in the South African market for new private sector-financed housing (see explanatory notes) contracted on a year-on-year basis in both the planning and construction phases in the first half of 2017, based on data released by Statistics South Africa.
Westgate Shopping Centre, owned by Pareto Limited, will soon be home to brand new dining options in a refreshingly modern food court setting and thrilling entertainment for the whole family with the introduction of state-of-the-art Nu Metro cinemas and action packed games arcade in March 2018.


The call to arms appeared on the Daily Stormer, a well-known neo-Nazi website, in December 2016.
“Are y’all ready for an old fashioned Troll Storm?” publisher Andrew Anglin wrote. “Because AYO – it’s that time, fam.”
tap here to see other videos from our team.
With that, Tanya Gersh, a real estate agent in the picturesque resort community of Whitefish, Montana, saw her life upended. Gersh, her husband and their 12-year-old son were flooded with vile phone calls, text messages, emails, and social media posts, many of which contained death threats and anti-Semitic slurs. Gersh, who is Jewish, was told that she should have perished in the Holocaust, and received chilling voice mails with the sound of a gun firing again and again. She began experiencing panic attacks that left her vomiting and short of breath.
“I was frightened to the point that we couldn’t think straight,” Gersh told reporters after a court hearing last week. “We talked about waking our children in the middle of the night – to run from Nazis.”


I am a physicist with a strong background in Quantum Physics and Mathematics, in particular Quantum Information Theory and Open Quantum Systems. My recent experience focused in investigating the mathematical structures within the convex space of quantum channels and the interplay between quantum channels. In particular I came up with a series of decomposition theorems that have applications in Quantum Computing. Moreover, I have a solid experience leading academic research that culminated in publications in peer reviewed journals and a bachelor thesis. I have experience as lecturer at both undergraduate and graduate levels.
Recently I worked as a Research Fellow in the Research Center for Quantum Information under the framework of the Slovak National Research Platform For Quantum Technologies (QUTE), and the initiative to create a quantum network in Slovakia.
Incursion in the private sector. Recently, I incursed into the private sector as researcher and developer of Machine Learning architectures, particularly I specialized in Natural Language Processing. In Techisland I worked in word embeddings. I also incursionated with AustinAI developing adapted transformers with custom token embeddings for diverse natural language processing tasks (I am still part of the team helping with literature stuff).
Currently I am searching for a permanent position in the academy or a postdoc. Also I am a freelancer ML researcher and consultant in physics (for example quantum computing and quantum information) and in ML, too.
Be welcome to my personal website, I will put here some interesting literature about my interests and future notes in physics. If you are interested on my formation and so on see my curriculum.
More about me:
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The areas of work in which we have particular expertise, experience and excellence.
Articles | Mon 15th Nov, 2021
It’s been an exciting week of sport, what with the T20 World Cup and the Autumn Internationals, and probably a bit of football too (there’s always football). But we at 1CL have been distracted from these events by a number of decisions on applicable law, jurisdiction and Covid related cancellations. We’ll bring you more on the latter topic next week, but for now, we commend to you two important decisions in areas presently subject to interesting development.
England v Ireland: Choice of Law in Convention Claims
The recent decision of Bernard Silverman v Ryanair DAC  EWHC 2955 (QB) considered whether an airline can disapply its own choice of law clause, as well as how the Montreal Convention interacts with choice of law rules of the forum.
The Claimant entered into a contract with the Defendant to fly between East Midlands Airport, England and Berlin Schönefeld Airport, Germany. The contract contained a clause which stated the following:
“Except as otherwise provided by the Convention or applicable law, your contract of carriage with us, these Terms and Conditions of Carriage and our Regulations shall be governed by and interpreted in accordance with the laws of Ireland and any dispute arising out of or in connection with this contract shall be subject to the jurisdiction of the Irish Courts.”
The Claimant duly arrived at the airport to embark upon the flight. However, whilst descending a set of stairs from the terminal on the way to the aircraft, the Claimant suffered a bodily injury. The Claimant thereafter pursued a claim against the Defendant in respect of his injuries.
The Defendant defended the claim on the basis that the injuries were not, for the purposes of the Montreal Convention, sustained in the course of embarking/disembarking the aircraft and were not as a result of an ‘accident’. Neither party disputed that the Montreal Convention applied. However, a preliminary trial before Master McCloud took place on the question of the applicable law.
The Claimant averred that liability for the accident was governed by the Montreal Convention. The Claimant submitted that the Convention was a complete code for governing liability, and it provided for matters of procedure to be governed by the law of the forum, but it provided nothing regarding how to approach the assessment of quantum. The Claimant submitted that the approach to quantum should be governed by the choice of law clause in the terms and conditions, namely Irish law. It was accepted that the clause in question did not expressly say Irish law applied to quantum or the interpretation of the Montreal Convention. However, the Claimant averred that the Montreal Convention made no arrangements for the assessment of damages or choice of law. This gave rise to an obvious answer on the issue as to how to approach the applicable law, namely, to apply the contractual choice of law clause, which would have the effect in this case of Irish law applying to the assessment of quantum. Further, the Claimant considered that Rome I applied, as there was an express carve out for contracts of carriage.
From the Defendant’s perspective, it was unusual that the accident happened in England, the loss itself was sustained in England, yet the Claimant sought to apply Irish law. The Defendant highlighted that the clause expressly stated: ‘except as otherwise provided by the Convention’. The Defendant argued that either the Montreal Convention specified the applicable law, or the applicable law was determined by the choice of law rules of the forum. Consequently, the Defendant averred that English law applied irrespective of the provisions in the terms and conditions. In the alternative, the Defendant argued that if it were wrong and the choice of law clause applied, the applicable law was Rome II, not Rome I.
Master McCloud noted there was no binding English authority dealing with these issues. However, there were two international authorities from the US Supreme Court that contained judgments by Justices Scalia and Bader Ginsburg. In Zicherman v Korean Air Lines Co 116 S Ct 629 (1996), Justice Scalia stated the following:
“…the questions of who may recover, and what compensatory damages they may receive, were regarded [by the framers of the Warsaw Convention] as intertwined; and that both were unresolved by the Convention and left to “private international law”…
Having concluded that compensable harm is to be determined by domestic law, the next question to which we would logically turn is that of which sovereign’s domestic law… Choice of law is, of course, determined by the forum jurisdiction…
…Articles 17 and 24(2) provide nothing more than a pass-through, authorising us to apply the law that would govern in the absence of the Warsaw Convention.”
Master McCloud considered that the Zicherman authority was the highest authority short of a Supreme Court domestic decision. Consequently, it was very persuasive, rather than in a strict sense being binding. In her judgment, the lex fori’s choice-of-law rules applied to such matters here.
Master McCloud noted that the drafters of the Montreal Convention did not provide expressly for which law should apply to the interpretation of the Convention. However, she considered that the expressions ‘accident’ and ‘bodily injury’ must be interpreted in accordance with Convention law as understood by the Court, i.e. the lex fori in that rather special international sense. The fact that the Convention was incorporated contractually made no difference.
As such, the issue of whether Rome I or Rome II applied was only relevant to the aspects of the claim which were passed through to the domestic jurisdiction. Master McCloud considered that this claim fell within the provisions of Article 4(1) of Rome II. It was the Master’s conclusion therefore that the Convention governed liability and Rome II governed forum and choice of law where the Convention did not stipulate applicable law. However, the escape clause of Article 4(3) of Rome II could have the effect that where a contract for carriage is entered into prior to the tort or delict in question, the existence of a choice of law provision in that contract could be a basis for saying that the choice of law provision in the contract displaces the presumption under Rome I as to applicable law.
In this case, given that there was a choice of law clause in the contract of carriage and the airline was clearly connected with the jurisdiction in question, Article 4(3) was engaged and had the effect that for issues of cognisable damage and quantum, Irish law applied.
This is a slightly unusual case, with a judgment that in parts appears hard to follow. However, what is plain from the judgment is that Convention claims are governed by the applicable law as provided for in Rome II. From this author’s perspective, the analysis that Rome II applies, rather than Rome I, is unusual, and is not entirely convincing. However, whether the Defendant will appeal that point remains to be seen.
About the author
Ranked by the Legal 500 2021 and 2022 as a Rising Star, Dominique Smith was called in 2016 and has a busy practice in travel law. She undertakes work for both Claimants and Defendants in package travel claims, contractual disputes, and other related claims. Dominique has a particular interest in cross-border clinical negligence claims and regularly appears in the Coroners’ Courts.
England v Germany: Jurisdiction and Residence in the Absence of Physical Presence
In a recent decision in the High Court on appeal, Chowdhury v PZU SA  EWHC 3037 (QB), Ritchie J considered the principles relating to a jurisdictional challenge made by the Defendant to a claim, in which it contested the jurisdiction of the courts of England and Wales on the basis that neither the Claimant nor the Defendant were domiciled within the jurisdiction for jurisdictional purposes.
Mr Chowdhury was a British national. At the time of the accident which was the subject of the claim he was working in England for a British company, but was on sick leave. On 27th August 2017 he was involved in a road traffic accident in Poland, liability for which was admitted on the part of the Polish road traffic insurer for the tortfeasor. In April 2018 Mr Chowdhury moved to Germany in order to receive medical treatment; in August 2020 he issued a claim seeking very significant damages directly against the insurer. The insurer duly challenged jurisdiction on the grounds that at the time the claim was issued the Claimant was not domiciled within the jurisdiction within the meaning of Article 62(1) of recast Brussels, which reads:
“In order to determine whether a party is domiciled in the Member State whose courts are seised of a matter, the court shall apply its internal law.”
The relevant statutory provision insofar as the courts of England and Wales are concerned is the Civil Jurisdiction and Judgments Order 2001 (SI 2001/3929), as amended. Insofar as it is relevant, pursuant to paragraph 9 of Schedule 1 to the Order:
“(1) …the following provisions of this paragraph determine, for the purposes of the Regulation, whether an individual is domiciled in the United Kingdom or in a particular part of, or place in, the United Kingdom or in a state other than a Regulation State…
(4) An individual is domiciled in a particular place in the United Kingdom if and only if he—
(a)is domiciled in the part of the United Kingdom in which that place is situated; and
(b)is resident in that place…”
There was no question but that the Claimant had been resident in England and Wales until April 2018, when he had gone to Germany solely for the purpose of seeking medical treatment. He provided a comprehensive witness statement in which he stated that he intended to return to England as soon as his treatment was completed, and set out (and evidenced) his continuing ties to the jurisdiction:
Against this background the Claimant contended that he remained resident in England for jurisdictional purposes after April 2018, although he was not himself physically present within the jurisdiction.
The Defendant founded its challenge on the fact that the Claimant had not returned to the jurisdiction between April 2018, and had only done so for a matter of weeks in early 2020. He had therefore spent very little time in the jurisdiction in the last couple of years. It was submitted on the part of the Defendant that it was incumbent upon the Claimant to show that during this period he was resident at a particular address within the jurisdiction, whereas he could only show that he maintained a room in his parents’ house and a storage facility for his belongings; he had no family home or property of his own.
The legal framework was largely agreed between the parties. The relevant authorities were comprehensively reviewed most recently by Julian Knowles J in Sang Youl Kim v Sungmo Lee  8 WLUK 82, at paragraphs 31 to 49. At paragraph 41 the point was made that a party may have more than one residence; in that paragraph and at paragraph 42 there was reference to a ‘settled or usual place of abode’, ‘connoting some degree of permanence or continuity’; time spent in a particular jurisdiction ‘may or may not play an important part in determining residence’, depending on the facts of a particular case. At paragraph 43 the importance of the family home, and of the quality, rather than the quantity, of use of premises was emphasised.
The relevant principles were summarised at paragraph 44 (references are to defendants, but are equally applicable to claimants):
“(1) It is possible for a defendant to reside in more than one jurisdiction at the same time.
(2) It is possible for England to be a jurisdiction in which a defendant resides even if it is not his principal place of residence (ie even if he spends most of the year in another jurisdiction).
(3) A person will be resident in England if England is for him a settled or usual place of abode. A settled or usual place of abode connotes some degree of permanence or continuity.
(4) Residence is not to be judged according to a ‘numbers game’ and it is appropriate to address the quality and nature of a defendant’s visits to the jurisdiction.
(5) Whether a defendant’s use of a property characterises it as his or her ‘residence’, that is to say the defendant can fairly be described as residing there, is a question of fact and degree.
(6) In deciding whether a defendant is resident here, regard should be had to any settled pattern of the defendant’s life in terms of his presence in England and the reasons for the same.
(7) If a defendant visits a property in England on a regular basis for not inconsiderable periods of time, where his wife and children live, in order to see his wife and children (including where the centre of the defendant’s relationship with his children is England), such property has the potential to be regarded as the family home or his home when in England, which itself is evidence which may go towards supporting the conclusion that England is for him a settled or usual place of abode, and that he is resident in England, albeit that ultimately it is a question of fact and degree whether he is resident here or not, having regard to all the facts of the case including any discernible settled pattern of the defendant’s life or as it has also been put according to the way in which a man’s life is usually ordered.”
The Judgment at First Instance
On 5th January 2021 Master Brown gave judgment in favour of the Claimant, dismissing the jurisdictional challenge and refusing the Defendant permission to appeal. In doing so he found that it was unnecessary for jurisdictional purposes for the Claimant to prove that he was resident at a particular address within the jurisdiction; he need only prove that he had not abandoned his residence within England and Wales when he went to Germany for treatment. The judge found that he had not done so. Although it was true that he had not spent substantial periods of time within the jurisdiction between April 2018 and August 2020, this was only one factor to be weighed in the balance; and it was relevant that initially he had suffered from psychological sequelae which had prevented him from flying, and more latterly he had been prevented from travelling from Germany to England as a result of the measures taken in response to the Covid-19 pandemic. He had not chosen to remain in Germany, and his intention to return to England following treatment was a factor to be weighed against his physical presence in Germany. On the evidence, he had not severed his connection with the jurisdiction such that it could be said that he was no longer resident within England and Wales.
The Defendant appealed on the grounds that Master Brown had been wrong to find that it was not necessary for the Claimant to prove that he was resident at a particular place within the jurisdiction, and on a number of other grounds, including the relevance of and weight to be given to unrealised intention to return to the jurisdiction.
The Judgment on Appeal
Ritchie J upheld the Master’s decision on appeal. In doing so, he relied on the following principles, distilled from the authorities provided to him:
He reminded himself that:
“Residence in England is not lost merely by reason of travel, even long duration travel, due to work.”
“Mere ownership of property is not determinant. So the obverse must be true, mere lack of ownership of property does not abolish residence in England.”
As a result, so the judge found, there is no threshold requirement for a person to have a property right within the jurisdiction in order for him to be resident here.
The judgment reiterates the principle emphasised in all of the authorities on residence that it is not what is referred to as a ‘numbers game’; whether or not a party is resident within the jurisdiction cannot be determined solely by an assessment of how many days per year he or she spends here, particularly where, as recently, there is good reason for presence or absence. It is also important to bear in mind the reason for presence or absence in a particular jurisdiction; as in the case of Panagaki v Apostolopoulos  5 WLUK 332, the fact that a party seeks medical treatment at a particular facility may contraindicate an intention to reside in that country for jurisdictional purposes.
Interestingly, the Claimant need not prove as the foundation for his residence within the jurisdiction that he has any property interest; as Ritchie J found:
“ownership of property is not the determinant of residence and I so rule. Travellers (the Travelling Community) do not own real property (bricks and mortar). Nor do the homeless. Both are equal under the law with all others in relation to domicile.”
The author respectfully agrees with this analysis; it cannot, it is suggested, be the case that in order to prove residence for the purposes of exercising jurisdictional rights a person must point to a particular address within the jurisdiction. Otherwise a homeless person born and bred in England, and who has never left the jurisdiction and has no intention of doing so, would be left without the rights and obligations that residence within the jurisdiction confers. This result cannot be right; it cannot be the case that a party must meet a threshold requirement of showing that (s)he resides at a particular address before residence will be considered to have been proven.
About the Author
Called to the Bar in 1997, Sarah Prager has been listed in the legal directories as a Band 1 practitioner in travel law for many years. Together with her colleagues at 1 Chancery Lane, Matthew Chapman QC and Jack Harding, she co-writes the leading legal textbook in the area, and has been involved in most of the leading cases in the field in the last decade. Last year she was named Best Lawyers’ Travel Lawyer of the Year 2020/2021 and the Lawyer Monthly Women in Law Awards 2020: Personal Injury, and she has recently completed work for the UNWTO on an International Code for the Protection of Tourists. She is a member of the Admiralty Court Users’ Committee. She undertakes purely domestic high value personal injury work as well as cross border work and has a wealth of experience of difficult and sensitive cases.
As anticipated, last week’s webinar on data protection was a rip-roaring affair attended by everyone who’s anyone in the Travel World and beyond; if you missed it, it’s available on the 1CL youtube channel, along with recordings of the other webinars in the series. If you’re quick, you can register to attend the next in the series, on Material Contribution and Causation, here – but it starts at noon today, so best get in quick.


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Up-zoning the district near Grand Central Terminal is vital to the city’s future, a way to ensure that Manhattan’s most desirable commercial zone can compete in the future with global capitals like London and Shanghai.
But unless you’re a property owner or a land-use lawyer, the topic can put you to sleep faster than anything they sell at Duane Reade.
That’s where Realty Check comes in.
Let’s explain in English what the Department of City Planning (DCP) has in mind — and clear up misconceptions in the press over the past week. Stay with us, because after the baby steps, it gets more interesting:
1. What is it? If approved by the City Council, the plan would allow developers to build larger buildings in certain parts of Midtown — like between 39th and 57th streets and between Second and Fifth avenues.
2. Why is it necessary? Current zoning permits new structures to have a floor-area ratio (FAR) of only 15 — which is smaller than many of the buildings that already exist because the area was down-zoned in 1961, after they were constructed. The city urgently needs modern new office towers, but nobody’s going to put up such small ones that are now allowed in Midtown’s precious heart.
3. Whoa! — 383 Madison Ave., which opened in 2000, doesn’t look like one of those smaller buildings. In fact, the former Bear Stearns headquarters, now part of JPMorgan Chase, was indeed built to up-zoned specifications in the late 1990s-2000.
In techno-speak, it has a 21.6 density rating, or FAR. How was that possible with a limit of 15?
“An arduous process,” says DCP East Midtown project manager Frank Ruchala. It included going through the city’s Uniform Land Use Review Procedure (ULURP), buying air rights and negotiating with the MTA and the city — an exception to 1961 down-zoning permitted under a 1992 Grand Central Subdistrict, which was supposed to liberate properties from the 15 FAR rule but almost never did.
The new zoning is supposed to make things less “arduous.”
4. All right, how much bigger could new buildings be under the new proposal? From slightly larger (18 FAR) to much larger (30 FAR), depending on where in the district they are.
5. But I’ve seen maps showing one big district with no FAR subdivisions. They were maps of the DCP’s “study area.” In fact, the district to be up-zoned is chopped into distinct sub-zones.
And it’s been shrunk from the boundaries shown in the Wall Street Journal last week. Rezoning on Third and Lexington avenues would apply only as far north as 54th Street, not 57th Street, and no longer east to Fifth Avenue but to Madison.
It’s even more complicated: there’s one set of rules for developers who proceed “as of right” — which isn’t as simple as it sounds either — and those who seek a “special permit” to erect even larger buildings than those allowed as of right.
6. OK, how big? Under the “as of right” framework, the up-zoning would be to a 24 FAR in the roughly square area bounded by 42nd and 46th streets and Lexington and Madison avenues; and 18 or 21.6 FAR in corridors running north and south of and parallel to the square.
Contrary to what’s been published, there are no height limits in the area either in existing zoning or in the rezoning.
Greater heights than today’s would be entirely a function of the enlarged FAR, which require more floors to accommodate more square feet, and thus a loftier building. Not that the new zoning would lead to a sprouting of tall “sliver” buildings — it requires “qualifying sites” to have full-block avenue frontage and a minimum 25,000 square-foot footprint.
7. What’s the catch with “as of right”? A developer would not have to go through time-consuming and costly ULURP. But they’d have to pay the city for each additional square foot desired to build in excess of the current 15 FAR or buy air rights (see No. 10 below).
The payment to the city would buy a District Improvement Bonus (DIB) to help pay for transit and other public-oriented upgrades in the area.
8. How much might that cost? “We’re working on that,” says DCP Manhattan director Edith Hsu-Chen. It won’t come cheap. “It isn’t going to be like at Hudson Yards,” Hsu-Chen said. The DIB in the Yards district, similar to what’s proposed near Grand Central, is $120 per square foot. “This will be more,” she said.
9). What about “special permits”? You could build larger than under the as-of-right framework at certain locations — up to 30 FAR in the square described in No. 6 above, and to 24 FAR on Park Avenue north of it to 57th Street.
But those proposals must go through ULURP.
Plus, a design must be approved by the City Planning Commission, which would decide whether it delivers “a superior relationship to other buildings, the skyline and the sidewalk.”
10. To build the maximum size allowed under either option, must I buy all the bonus FAR from the city? In much of the overall rezoned district, yes. But there’s another option in the “Grand Central Subdistrict” which includes much of the land from 39th-49th streets.
There, you’d still have to buy at least the first three additional FAR as a DIB. But you could also buy the rest in the form of development (air) rights from Grand Central area landmarks.
Nearly all the roughly 1.5 million square feet of available air rights are those attached to Grand Central Terminal itself. They are owned by Andrew S. Penson’s Argent Ventures, which — as Lois Weiss first reported way back in 2007 — bought the land under the station and the air above it.
11. So one day the city and Argent could be in competition to sell FAR to the same developer? That’s the way it sounds to us.
12). What does “one day” mean?” The new zoning won’t take effect until 2017, because Planning Commissioner Amanda Burden wants to protect the Hudson Yards District from competition in the short run. Or even the appearance of competition — since many real estate insiders say that a rezoned Midtown East wouldn’t really compete with Hudson Yards, which will have larger footprints and floor plates and lower tenant costs due to subsidies.
While Burden is committed to Midtown’s long-term future, she’s passionate about letting nothing interfere with or dilute interest in Hudson Yards right now.
She told us, “We believe we need this time, five years, for these new [Hudson Yards] buildings to anchor. We want to send a crystal-clear signal that Hudson Yards is an enormous priority for the [Bloomberg] administration.”
Unlucky 13. How does a five-year wait affect Grand Central landlords right now? It won’t, unless you’re one of the handful who have properties which will soon be empty and ripe for redevelopment.


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Anthem Blue Cross of California
Great West Healthcare
Anthem Blue Cross Blue Shield (BCBS) of Colorado
Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai/St Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital Center Program (Residency)
St Luke'S-Roosevelt H-Roosevel, Allergy And Immunology; Hahnemann Univ Hosp, Internal Medicine; Crozer-Chester Med Ctr, Internal Medicine (Residency)
Medical Degree - HAHNEMANN UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF MEDICINE
Medical Degree - MCP HAHNEMANN UNIV (FORMERLY ALLEGHENY UNIV)
American Board of Internal Medicine
Does Dr. Forman communicate via email or text?
Does Dr. Forman have a friendly staff?
Does Dr. Forman have evening appointments?
Does Dr. Forman have free onsite parking available?
Does Dr. Forman have weekend appointments?
Is Stanley Forman accepting new patients?
Does Stanley Forman offer online booking?
Does Stanley Forman offer telehealth appointments?
Which language(s) does Stanley Forman speak?
Which board certifications does Stanley Forman have?
104 Forrest Ave, Narberth, PA 19072
100 E Lancaster Ave, Wynnewood, PA 19096
233 E Lancaster Ave, Ardmore, PA 19003

domain: medical


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Koalas are mammals that have soft, thick grey or brown fur on their back and white fur on their stomachs. But where do koalas live? This post will answer that question!
Where Do Koalas Live?
Koalas are native to Australia. They are not found in any other country in the world. Koalas are found in all states of Australia except Tasmania and Western Australia. Most koalas in South Australia were exterminated, but they were repopulated with some Victorian koalas. Koalas spend nearly all of their time living in trees. They climb them with their sharp claws and long toes. They sleep during the day and move between trees, and eat, during the night. They sleep a lot as it is very hard to digest their primary source of food- eucalyptus leaves. Each koala has a ‘home’ of several trees that they visit often. Koalas do not visit other koala’s homes, unless a male koala is looking for a female koala to mate with.


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SUMMARY: WORST FEATURES OF TRUMP-GOP TAX PLAN
This analysis is based on the tax plan framework released by President Trump, House Speaker Paul Ryan and other Republican leaders on Sept. 27, 2017, and analyzed by the non-partisan Tax Policy Center on Sept. 29, 2017.
- The Trump-GOP tax plan is not tax “reform,” but massive tax cuts for the wealthy and corporations that will jeopardize Social Security, Medicare, Medicaid and education.
- The plan loses $2.4 trillion in federal revenue over 10 years. These tax cuts are not paid for by closing tax loopholes or limiting deductions, but instead add to the deficit.
- This spike in the deficit will increase the likelihood of future deep cuts to Social Security, healthcare, education and other services. Such cuts are already in Trump’s 2018 budget, which slashes $4.3 trillion from Social Security, Medicaid, education and other services. The House budget slashes $5.8 trillion from Medicare, Medicaid, education and more.
- The wealthy and corporations will get most of the tax cuts at the expense of working families who rely on Social Security, Medicare, Medicaid, and public education.
- The richest 1% will get 53% of the total tax cuts in 2018 and 80% after 10 years. Their annual taxes will be cut by $129,000 in 2018 and by $207,000 after 10 years (average).
- The richest 0.1% will get 30% of the total tax cuts in 2018 and 40% in 10 years. Their taxes will be cut by $722,000 in 2018 and by more than $1 million in 10 years.
- More and more middle-income people will pay higher and higher taxes.
- 3 out of 10 middle-class people making between $50,000 and $150,000 a year will pay more taxes under the Trump-GOP tax plan by the tenth year. It will cost them nearly $2,000 more, on average, depending on their income (range is $1,300 to $2,500).
- In contrast, the number of people in the top 1% who will pay more in taxes under the plan drops over time: from 10.7% in 2018 to 9.8% 10 years later.
- Corporate and business tax cuts make up the entire $2.4 trillion revenue shortfall and then some. The individual tax cuts are mostly paid for, although who pays is shifted from the wealthy to the middle-class.
- Corporate and business taxes, which are paid mostly by the wealthy, decrease by $2.6 trillion over 10 years. This is more than the $2.4 trillion revenue shortfall under the plan.
- Taxes on individuals, including the estate tax, are cut by $2.9 trillion, but there is $3.2 trillion in revenue raisers to pay for those tax cuts. However, $2.9 trillion of the tax increases come from repealing all personal exemptions ($1.6 trillion) and eliminating the state and local tax (SALT) deduction ($1.3 trillion). Those two tax breaks affect many middle-income taxpayers.
DETAILS: 10 WORST FEATURES OF TRUMP-GOP TAX PLAN
CORPORATE AND BUSINESS TAX CUTS
- Corporate tax rates are slashed by more than 40%—from 35% to 20%—losing $2 trillion over 10 years. Corporations need to pay their fair share, not get a tax cut. Corporate profits are at near record highs, while corporate tax revenues are at record lows. Profitable corporations are paying a U.S. tax rate of just 14%, according to the non-partisan Government Accountability Office. Many pay nothing for years. Only $1 out of $9 of federal revenue now comes from corporate taxes; in the mid-20th century it was $1 out of $3. Moreover, 70% of corporate tax cuts benefit wealthier Americans.
- Trump-GOP slashes the top tax rate on business income from hedge funds, law firms, real estate firms like Trump’s, and other “pass-through” businesses from 39.6% to 25%, losing $770 billion. Many of these big-money outfits organize as partnerships or other business entities that allow them to pay business taxes at individual rates. Claims that this is a small business tax cut is a complete hoax: Less than 14% of pass-through business owners will get a tax cut from the new top 25% rate, as everyone else already pays that rate or less. This tax giveaway would only benefit 4% of all taxpayers, primarily the richest. The top one-tenth of 1% will get a tax cut of $270,000, on average. As the sole or principal owner of 500 pass-through entities, Trump will benefit handsomely, from what’s been aptly dubbed the “Trump Loophole.”
- Trump-GOP temporarily (for at least five years) allows corporations to immediately write off big purchases, costing $192 billion. Businesses would be allowed to immediately write off—or fully “expense”—the total cost of big-ticket purchases such as equipment and vehicles. Currently, they may deduct (or depreciate) only a portion of the expense each year over a multi-year period to reflect the progressive decline in the property’s value. The wide cost range comes from uncertainty as to the tax cut’s economic effect. The Tax Policy Center has questioned claims about the supposed economic boost from full expensing, suggesting expensing could instead retard growth.
- Multinational corporations with profits stashed offshore could get a $600 billion tax cut. Big American corporations hold $2.6 trillion in profits offshore on which they owe about $760 billion in U.S. taxes. The new plan promises a big tax break on these profits, but it does not indicate the tax rate. The Tax Policy Center assumes a rate similar to what Trump and members of Congress have proposed previously, cutting the rate from 35% to just 8.75% on cash and only 3.5% on non-cash assets. This will raise $160 billion over 10 years. So, multinationals could get an undeserved tax break of about $600 billion. They should instead pay what they owe, just like working families and small businesses do.
- Trump-GOP potentially allows American corporations to dodge all U.S. taxes on foreign profits through a territorial tax system. Under such a system, U.S. corporations would no longer pay taxes on profits booked offshore (although Trump’s plan suggests there may be a minimum tax on profits in tax havens). A territorial system will encourage multinationals to shift even more profits and jobs offshore than they do now. Analysis of a similar plan found a territorial tax system would lose $90 billion over 10 years.
INDIVIDUAL TAX CHANGES
- The top tax rate on individuals would be lowered from 39.6% to 35%, and six other tax brackets would shrink to just two, losing $2 trillion. The new brackets are 12%, 25% and 35%. The lowest tax bracket rises from 10% to 12%—an increase on lower income Americans of 20%. The top rate decreases by almost an eighth—from 39.6% to 35%.
- The alternative minimum tax (AMT) would be repealed allowing wealthy taxpayers like Trump to use excessive deductions and other loopholes to sharply reduce or eliminate their tax bill, losing $440 billion. Trump could benefit massively: In 2005, the one year for which his tax returns have been made public, he made $153 million and, thanks to the AMT, paid $38 million in federal income taxes for a tax rate of 25%. Without the AMT, he would have paid $31 million less in federal income taxes, and paid a tax rate of less than 4%. That rate is less than the lowest-income Americans often pay.
- Trump-GOP eliminates estate and gift taxes, losing $239 billion and boosting the inheritances of the very wealthy. The federal estate tax is paid only by estates worth at least $5.5 million, just 2 out of 1,000 estates, or only 5,500 estates in all of 2017. If Trump is worth the $10 billion he claims, his heirs could gain billions if his plan is adopted.
- Trump-GOP repeals the deduction for state and local taxes (SALT), raising taxes on the middle class and undermining local public services. Repealing SALT would raise $1.3 trillion over 10 years. Taxpayers can deduct state and local property taxes, and either income or sales taxes, from their federal taxable income. Over a third of taxpayers making $50-75,000 use the SALT deduction, and over half of those making $75-100,000. An average family in this last group would see their federal taxes jump by $1,800 if SALT is repealed. In addition to boosting middle-class taxes, repeal of the SALT deduction will make local taxation more expensive, putting pressure on localities to cut budgets for services like roads and schools.
- Trump-GOP pulls a bait-and-switch with tax provisions working families rely on, increasing the standard deduction while eliminating the personal exemption, ultimately leaving many families worse off. Taxpayers who don’t itemize their deductions (which under the Trump-GOP plan may be limited to charitable contributions and mortgage interest) can take a standard deduction from their reportable income. The plan would roughly double the standard deduction to $12,000 and $24,000, losing $830 billion. At the same time, the plan repeals the personal exemption, which reduces reportable income by $4,050 this year for each member of a household. This would increase taxes on individuals by $1.6 trillion, many in the middle-class and especially on large families, nullifying the benefit of the increase in the standard deduction.[41>]
 U.S. Treasury, “Tax Reform: Unified Framework for Fixing Our Broken Tax Code” (Sept. 27, 2017). https://www.treasury.gov/press-center/press-releases/Documents/Tax-Framework.pdf
 Tax Policy Center (TPC), “A Preliminary Analysis of the Unified Framework” (Sept. 29, 2017). http://www.taxpolicycenter.org/sites/default/files/publication/144971/a_preliminary_analysis_of_the_unified_framework_0.pdf
 Center on Budget & Policy Priorities (CBPP), “Trump Budget Gets Three-Fifths of Its Cuts from Programs for Low- and Moderate-Income People” (May 30, 2017). https://www.cbpp.org/sites/default/files/atoms/files/5-30-17bud.pdf.
 CBPP, “House GOP Budget Cuts Programs Aiding Low- and Moderate-Income People by $2.9 Trillion Over Decade” (Sept. 5, 2017). https://www.cbpp.org/sites/default/files/atoms/files/8-3-17bud.pdf.
 TPC, “Preliminary Analysis,” p. 13, Table B1.
 Ibid. 13.5% of the tax units in the middle quintile will get a tax increase in 2018 and 27.8% in 2027.
 Ibid. p. 7, Table 1. The net business tax cut of $2.648 trillion is made up of $3.041 trillion in tax cuts that are partially offset by $393 billion in revenue raisers. $2.949 trillion in tax cuts for individuals (including the estate tax cut of $240 billion) are nearly fully paid for with $3.182 billion in new revenue.
 Ibid. See “Reduce corporate tax rate to 20% and repeal corporate AMT.”
 Estimates are measured as a share of the economy/GDP. Americans for Tax Fairness and Economic Policy Institute, “Corporate Tax Chartbook: How Corporations Rig the Rules to Dodge the Taxes They Owe” (Sept. 2016), Figure 2. http://www.epi.org/publication/corporate-tax-chartbook-how-corporations-rig-the-rules-to-dodge-the-taxes-they-owe/
 Government Accountability Office, “Corporate Income Tax” (March 2016).
 Institute on Taxation and Economic Policy (ITEP), “The 35 Percent Corporate Tax Myth” (March 2017), p. 4. https://itep.org/wp-content/uploads/35percentfullreport.pdf
 TPC, “Would Workers Benefit from A Corporate Tax Cut? Not Much” (Sept. 8, 2017). http://www.taxpolicycenter.org/taxvox/would-workers-benefit-corporate-tax-cut-not-much
 TPC, “Preliminary Analysis,” p. 7, Table 1. See “Limit individual rate on pass-through income to 25%.”
 TPC, “T17-0078 – Sources of Flow-Through Business Income by Statutory Marginal Tax Rate; Current Law, 2017” (March 2017). TPC, “T17-0078 – Sources of Flow-Through Business Income by Statutory Marginal Tax Rate; Current Law, 2017” (March 2017). http://www.taxpolicycenter.org/model-estimates/distribution-business-income-march-2017/t17-0078-sources-flow-through-business
 TPC, “Options to Reduce the Taxation of Pass-through Income” (May 15, 2017), p. 8. http://www.taxpolicycenter.org/sites/default/files/publication/141541/options-to-reduce-the-taxation-of-pass-through-income.pdf
 The Washington Post, “Donald Trump’s New Tax Plan Could Have a Big Winner: Donald Trump’s Companies” (Aug. 10, 2016). https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonk/wp/2016/08/10/donald-trumps-new-tax-plan-could-have-a-big-winner-donald-trumps-companies/
 CNN, “Hillary Clinton Slams ‘Trump Loophole’” (Aug. 11, 2016). http://money.cnn.com/2016/08/11/pf/taxes/hillary-clinton-donald-trump-loophole/
 TPC, “Preliminary Analysis,” p. 7, Table 1. See “Expensing of equipment through 2022.”
 TPC, “A Business Cash Flow Tax Could Reduce Investment, Contrary to What Some Economists Think” (Jan. 24, 2017). http://www.taxpolicycenter.org/taxvox/business-cash-flow-tax-could-reduce-investment-contrary-what-some-economists-think
 TPC, “Preliminary Analysis,” p. 12 and EY, Highlights of Chairman Camp’s tax reform discussion draft (Feb. 27, 2014). http://www.ey.com/gl/en/services/tax/international-tax/alert–highlights-of-chairman-camp-s-tax-reform-discussion-draft
 TPC, “Preliminary Analysis,” p. 7, Table 1. See “One-time deemed repatriation tax at reduced rates.”
 ITEP, “Turning Loopholes into Black Holes: Trump’s Territorial Tax Proposal Would Increase Corporate Tax Avoidance” (Sept. 6, 2016). https://itep.org/turning-loopholes-into-black-holes-trumps-territorial-tax-proposal-would-increase-corporate-tax-avoidance/
 TPC, “Preliminary Analysis,” p. 7, Table 1. See “Enact territorial tax system.”
 Ibid. See “Individual income tax rates of 10, 25, and 35%.”
 TPC, “Preliminary Analysis,” p. 7, Table 1. See “Repeal individual alternative minimum tax.”
 The New York Times (NYT), “Trump Wrote Off $100 Million in Losses in 2005, Leaked Form Shows” (March 14, 2017). http://nyti.ms/2pmUkEH
 NYT, “A.M.T., Which Hit Trump in 2005, Is No One’s Favorite” (March 15, 2017). https://www.nytimes.com/2017/03/15/business/economy/trump-alternative-minimum-tax.html
 TPC, “Historical Average Federal Tax Rates for All Households.” http://www.taxpolicycenter.org/statistics/historical-average-federal-tax-rates-all-households
 TPC, “Preliminary Analysis,” p. 7, Table 1. See “Repeal estate and GST taxes.”
 CBPP, “Ten Facts You Should Know About the Federal Estate Tax” (May 5, 2017). https://www.cbpp.org/research/federal-tax/ten-facts-you-should-know-about-the-federal-estate-tax
 TPC, “Briefing Book: Who pays the estate tax?” http://www.taxpolicycenter.org/briefing-book/who-pays-estate-tax
 The Detroit News, “Clinton: Trump Plan to Ax Estate Tax Saves His Family $4B” (Aug. 11, 2016). http://www.detroitnews.com/story/news/politics/2016/08/10/clinton-warren-economy/88546136/
 TPC, “Preliminary Analysis,” p. 7, Table 1. See “Repeal state and local tax deduction.”
 Government Finance Officers Association, “The Impact of Eliminating the State and Local Tax Deduction” (Using 2015 IRS data), p. 6. https://www.gfoa.org/sites/default/files/GFOA_SALT_09202017.pdf
 Ibid., p. 8.
 TPC, “Preliminary Analysis,” p. 7, Table 1. See “Increase standard deduction.”
 TPC, “Preliminary Analysis,” p. 7, Table 1. See “Repeal personal exemptions.” For more on the harmful effects of a repeal of the personal exemption see Center for American Progress, “How Middle-Class and Working Families Could Lose Under the Trump Tax Plan” (June 13, 2017). https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/economy/reports/2017/06/13/434054/middle-class-working-families-lose-trump-tax-plan/ A Tax Policy Center analysis of the combined effects of repealing the standard deduction and personal exemptions found that Trump’s earlier tax plan would increase taxes for about 8.7 million families—20% of households and more than half of all single-parents. That analysis assumed a much higher standard deduction than the amounts in the Trump-GOP plan, which means even more families will experience a tax increase under the Trump-GOP plan. See TPC, “Families Facing Tax Increases Under Trump’s Tax Plan (Oct. 28, 2016).

domain: economics


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Saturday, September 11, 2010
School districts are quick to suspend students when they suspect drug use, sometimes incorrectly
The Byron Nelson high school in Trophy Club,Texas (north of Fort Worth) was involved in an unfortunate incident. A 16 year old male student showed up in school “red eyed” after the violent death of his father, and the school suspected him of marijuana use, suspended him and then sent him to an alternative school. His mother had his doctor test him for drugs, and when the tests came back negative, the school district allowed the student back to school but wouldn’t remove the suspension from his record.
The school district says it does not test students but must remove them and turn them over to parents if it suspects drug use, even when the suspicion is unfounded. But apparently they don't always expunge disciplinary records when allegations are incorrect.
Fox 4 News in Dallas-Fort Worth has the following story by Sophia Reza, link here.
MSNBC has the following video:


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Vale Hollow Farm wanted an easy way to keep their users updated with their latest news but didn’t want the bother of having a blog on the site. After some discussion we settled on displaying their Facebook feed on the home page of the site as they said they were already posting regular updates there and their users can follow them to be alerted of any urgent news updates.
Over 56% increase in the amount of time users are spending on their site
Scores 95% for best practices
Over 20% increase in the amount of pages people look at during a single visit
Scores 97% for performance
The success of the WordPress website launch for Bristol Livery Yard, Vale Hollow Farm, is evident in the remarkable surge in user engagement metrics. Since the implementation of the new design, there has been a substantial 56% increase in the average time users spend on the site. This noteworthy uptick indicates that visitors are not only finding the website more appealing but are also actively exploring its content in greater depth.
Furthermore, the data reveals a commendable 20% increase in the number of pages users are viewing during a single visit. This metric is a key indicator of improved navigation and content discoverability on the website. It suggests that the revamped design not only captures users’ attention but also encourages them to delve deeper into the various sections and offerings of Bristol Livery Yard, Vale Hollow Farm.
The positive response to the new design underscores the effectiveness of the website’s user interface, layout, and overall user experience. The intuitive and visually appealing design appears to resonate well with the target audience, enticing them to spend more time exploring the diverse facets of the livery yard and farm. This increased engagement not only enhances the online presence of Bristol Livery Yard but also contributes to fostering a more meaningful connection with its audience.
In addition to the quantitative improvements, it’s worth noting that a well-designed website can positively impact brand perception and credibility. The user-friendly interface and seamless navigation contribute to a positive overall experience, potentially translating into increased customer trust and loyalty.
As the positive trend continues, monitoring and analysing user feedback, along with regularly updating and optimising the website, will be essential to ensuring a sustained and even more significant impact on user engagement and business success for Bristol Livery Yard, Vale Hollow Farm.
If you like this WordPress website for Vale Hollow Bristol Livery Yard and have your own business that could benefit from a top quality website, give us a call on 01761 690019. If you would prefer to use our simple form you can find it right here.

domain: design