Moreover Crushed limestone aggregates proved nearly 10 of high in strength compared to traditional gravels used in cement concrete mixer The strength comes from the angular shapes and sharp edges of crushed limestone aggregates compared to rounded shaped gravels obtained from natural resources which formed through weathering processes.Get Latest Price
Question About Limestone and Clay Blending in Cement Production By Darrell Leetham 12 06 2016 We recently received an inquiry from one of our readers regarding the blog post PGNAA Improves Process and Quality Control in Cement Production in regard to using a.
Same qualities as regular portland cement Significantly less greenhouse gases Portland limestone cement also known as GUL or General Use Limestone is a contemporary cement engineered for todays needs The use of portland limestone cement in manufacturing concrete decreases CO 2 emissions by 10 while still producing concrete with the same level of strength and durability as the.
I use limestone quarry for concrete limestone rock quarrying and mining activities with related uses including from time to time dry hardened concrete disposal and concrete plants The Quarry Site has been operated as a quarry for over twentyfive 25 years initially commencing such use after the issuance by the County of a.
Cement For Use In Limestone Quarry praxis Cement For Use In Limestone Quarry Limestone for cement production cement used to make concrete is a mixture of two main materials lime and marl a calcareous clay cement was imported until local cement works were established in new zealand it was first produced near warkwor.
Cement shortages also caused construction delays that resulted in increased costs for roads bridges and buildings Sources of Limestone in the Future Establishing new limestone quarries and cement plants in the United States is a slow process and supply shortfalls require time to correct.
Can I Use Limestone Quarry For Concrete Htm rotary Kiln Dec 01 2012183 The materials used in the production of concrete poses the problem of acute shortage in many areas That there are many wastes of some industries and quarries can be used as hundred or partial percent substitutes for concrete.
Limestone is a rock composed of calcium carbonate CaC03 It is the rock type most commonly used to make crushed stone in the United States It holds this position because it is widely available and suitable for a greater diversity of uses than any other type of rock Limestone can be used to make cement It is the primary ingredient of concrete.
Can i use limestone quarry for concrete can i use limestone quarry for concrete Limestone Fine Aggregate in Portland Cement Concrete The use of manufactured limestone fine aggregate in concrete has been and is a welcomed development in areas where limestones abound and where natural sands are scarce expensive or unsuitable.
Introduction When the Hermitage estate with its abandoned quarry came on the market the principals of Hermitage Limestone Ltd decided to become involved since we felt that as a result of our considerable experience in the quarrying industry we would be able to effectively establish and operate a quarry while at the same time following the guidelines set out by the Northern Range Hillside.
Limestone quarries in the Flint Hills region east of Newkirk for example produced building stone used in the construction of the Kay County Courthouse Limestone was quarried for building stone and lime mortar at the site of Fort Sill in Comanche County for the forts early buildings palisade and corral.
The Tunstead site is home to one of the largest limestone quarries in Europe producing over six million tonnes of stone a year The process is highly efficient as the extraction of limestone production of lime and cement are all intrinsically linked and over 99 of quarried material is converted into saleable products and the remainder is.
The cement manufacturing process starts from the mining of raw materials that are used in cement manufacturing mainly limestone and clays A limestone quarry is inside the plant area and a clays quarry is as far from the plant area as 25 km The limestone is excavated from open cast mines after drilling and blasting and loaded onto dumpers.
Australia Boral plans to increase raw limestone production at its Marulan South quarry in New South Wales to 4 0Mtyr Additionally the company will increase aggregate extraction at the site to 1 0Mtyr The Goulburn Post reports that the new South Wales state government has agreed to the US3 23m upgrade on condition that the building materials company upgrades and realigns a local access.
Cement manufacturing begins with quarrying operations in which limestone in mines is quarried and brought to crusher for crushing Limestone quarries are opencast mines Often limestone appears as an outcrop right on the surface At other times it is under an overburden that can vary in depth but is generally less than 3 metres thick.
Cement plants in Canada are also typically located in close proximity to a limestone quarry limestone being the key raw material in the production of clinker and many of CACs members are vertically integrated and operate their own limestone quarries.
Sep 10 2020018332Vulcan Materials has filed an application for a 2 4 square mile limestone rock quarry in a non industrial area of Comal Countypopulated with over 12 000 residents The 1500 acre site is located between Bulverde and New Braunfels Texas near SH 46 and FM 3009.
Imestone as used by the minerals industry is any rock composed mostly of calcium carbonate CaCO 3 Although limestone is common in many parts of the United States it is critically absent from some Limestone is used to produce Portland cement as aggregate in concrete and asphalt and in an enormous array of other products making it a.
Minera Limestone Quarry was once the largest lime production site in North Wales with lime burning records going back as far as 1620 Full scale production ran from the late 1800s up to 1993 and now the site is a stunning nature reserve in the care of North Wales Wildlife Trust.
Jan 29 2014018332In addition to the value of limestone slabs quarried for building materials limestone is also used in cement A discussion about cement requires a distinction between cement and concrete although the two terms are often used interchangeably Cement is simply one of the ingredients of concrete which is also made of sand and bits of gravel or.
Aug 24 2017018332Limestone quarry of Abyek Cement Plant Abyek Cement Plant is one of the biggest industrial units of Iran located in Abyek District of Alborz Province Abyek District is located at northern latitude of about 36 4176 and eastern longitude of about 50 45176 at a 50 km distance from Karaj township on the roadside of TehranQazvin highway in Alborz.
The Cha am limestone quarry is located in Thailands Cha am district in Petchburi province The quarry is included in the perimeter of the Kings project for conservation and restoration of the Khao Nang Panturat The project which started in 1996 has the objective to maintain and increase.
Dec 01 2018018332The quarry operations use drilling and blasting to mine for limestone which comprises about 80 percent of the raw materials for cement according to the company.
Limestone is one of the key minerals used in cement making Limestone is a sedimentary rock composed mostly of the calcium carbonate CaCO 3 and according to the Mineral Education Coalition comprises about 15 of the Earths sedimentary crust Surface mining is the general excavation method.
Quarry limestone for cement industries ghacem to source more local limestone for cement productionwhat is quarrying in relation to cement production per get price aggregates titan america titan florida cement and aggregates llc pennsuco quarry and the center sand mine the pennsuco quarry produces more than 7 5 million tons of limestone get price.


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Reliance Growth Fund announces dividend, the record date for dividend is March 05, 2015. Money Control, 1 month ago
Columbia Banking System Announces Increased Regular Cash Dividend of $0.18 and Declares Special Cash Dividend of $0.16 - WorldNetDaily, 3 days ago
COLUMBIA BANKING SYSTEM : Announces Increased Regular Cash Dividend of $0.18 and Declares Special Cash Dividend of $0.16 - 4 Traders, 3 days ago
2 images for "reliance growth fund"
Mukesh Ambani led Reliance Industries (RIL) reported on Friday a better-than-expected growth in standalone net profit for the fourth quarter of financial year 2015. During the quarter, earnings went up 10.87% over prior year period to Rs 62.43 ...MyIris, 1 week ago Reliance Industries, RCOM and Moil to see some action today Finalaya.com, 6 days ago The real reason why Reliance stock has taken a beating Rediff.com, 5 days ago
Top fund house Reliance Capital Asset Management Company roped in on Thursday the largest Korean asset management firm Samsung AMC for a strategic alliance, which will allow the two companies to manage, market and distribute each other's investment ...Hindustan Times, 2 days ago Reliance Group on Friday roped in Samsung AMC for strategic alliance Odisha Samaya, 2 days ago Samsung AMC strikes India alliance Asia Asset Management, 3 hours ago
WHAT IS IT : Reliance Mutual Fund’s Dual Advantage Fixed Tenure Fund VII - Plan E is a close ended fund with a tenure of 1102 days. The investment objective of this hybrid debt-oriented scheme is to generate returns and reduce interest rate volatility, ...The Financial Chronicle, 2 days ago New Close Ended Scheme Launched by Reliance Mutual Fund Oneindia, 2 days ago Reliance Fixed Horizon Fund - XXVIII - Series 17 Floats On HDFC Securities, 2 days ago
RCAM, which runs the top fund house Reliance Mutual Fund and is part of Anil Ambani-led Reliance Group's financial services arm Reliance Capital, said in a statement that it has received the entire transaction proceeds of Rs 657 crore (USD 108 million) from ...Jagran Post, 1 month ago Japan's Sumitomo Mitsui Trust Bank buys Reliance Capital stake Deccan Herald, 1 month ago
Financial services major, Reliance Capital today reported 28 percent rise in its third quarter net profit at Rs 213 crore on robust growth in insurance and mutual fund businesses The post Reliance Capital Q3 net profit rises 28% on growth in MF business ...First Post.com, 2 months ago See regulatory nod for Nippon deal in 1 week: Reliance Cap Money Control, 2 months ago Reliance Capital shares up nearly 6% as Q3 net profit rises The Financial Chronicle, 2 months ago
Showing a strong surge in retail investor interest, top fund house Reliance Mutual Fund has seen the number of its new 'Systematic Investment Plans' grow three-times to 50,000 per month. Mostly preferred by small investors, SIP allows investment of a fixed ...The Financial Chronicle, 2 months ago Reliance Mutual Funds says SIP count up 3-times to 50,000 a month Jagran Post, 2 months ago Reliance Mutual Fund says SIP count up 3 times to 50,000 a month Jagran Post, 2 months ago
The EU has set out plans to boost the ability of markets to raise funds for economic growth as banks to reduce reliance on banks. LONDON: The benefits from the European Union's planned capital markets union do not depend on putting in place a new, single ...Economic Times, 1 month ago
- Harvest Portfolios Group Inc. (the " Manager "), on behalf of Tech Achievers Growth & Income Fund (the " Fund ") is pleased to announce the exchange ratios for the exchange offer by the Fund (the " Exchange Option ") being made under the ...4 Traders, 1 day ago
The International Monetary Fund (IMF) has cut its economic growth forecast for sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) this year by 1,25 percentage points as plunging oil prices force exporters to curb spending plans. Fin24 reports that gross domestic product ...Manica Post, 2 days ago
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domain: economics


United States District Court, M.D. Alabama, Northern Division
OPINION AND ORDER
MYRON H. THOMPSON, District Judge.
Pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 1983, plaintiff filed this lawsuit asserting that prison officials failed to protect him from an inmate assault. This lawsuit is now before the court on the recommendation of the United States Magistrate Judge that several defendants be dismissed. There are no objections to the recommendation. After an independent and de novo review of the record, the court concludes that magistrate judge's recommendation should be adopted.
Accordingly, it is ORDERED as follows:
(1) The recommendation of the United States Magistrate Judge (doc. no. 9) is adopted.
(2) Plaintiff's claims against defendants Kilby Correctional Facility and the Alabama Department of Corrections are dismissed with prejudice, and these defendants are terminated as parties.
(3) Plaintiff's claims against defendants Warden Billups, Warden Clay, and inmate Daniel Thomas are dismissed without prejudice, and these defendants are terminated as parties.
(3) Plaintiff's complaint shall be construed as naming only correctional officers Young ...


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(as of Aug 25,2020 14:08:43 UTC – Details)
TopCoat F11 is a professional, multi-purpose, sealer formulated to enhance, protect, and maintain any material or surface. F11 improves coating characteristics and performance, as well as hides micro-scratches and swirl marks. TopCoat F11 is long-lasting, durable, hydrophobic, and gives an intense depth of color and shine. F11 is made with a non-stick coating technology, designed to significantly reduce weathering, dirt and debris build-up on any surface and is wickedly slick with improved easy-release! Polished surfaces are hydrophobic and create an ideal water repellent on all glass windows and windshields! Save time and money! One bottle of F11 is the ULTIMATE wax replacement sealer. TopCoat Spritz is a high-performance “quick gloss” coating that is environmentally safe and a quick way to enhance any surface without damage. TopCoat Spritz is frequently used on painted surfaces, fiberglass, metal, chrome, glass, plastics, rubber, vinyl, leather, dashboards, and more. Spritz can also be used as windshield, windscreen and window treatment for lasting water repellency. Spritz can preserve, prolong, protect, and quickly restore a surface between TopCoat sealer applications and after washes. Be sure to apply a small amount to your clean, cool surface and buff immediately with a CLEAN microfiber cloth to ensure a streak-free shine!
✔TOPCOAT F11 POLISH & SEALER is designed to replace, out-perform, and out-last any other traditional cleaning, sealing, and polishing product! F11 keeps coated surfaces cleaner longer AND makes them simpler to maintain! TopCoat F11 improves coating characteristics and performance, as well as hides micro-scratches and swirl marks. Apply F11 to your surface and buff until smooth!
✔STREAK- FREE and RESTORES vehicles to their showroom shine!💎 TopCoat F11 is the ultimate wax replacement sealer and protects and reduces harmful effects from bird droppings, bug splatter, acid rain, brake dust, weathering, and dirt and debris on any surface.
✔TOPCOAT SPRITZ is a high-performance “quick gloss” coating that is environmentally safe and designed for detailing, dusting, and adding shine without having to use water, soap or other harsh cleaning products! Spritz can be applied to clean, cool surfaces after the use of F11 to keep surfaces spotless!
✔ECO-SAFE! TopCoat’s products contain no solvents, toxic chemicals, or abrasive compounds and do not leave behind a white wax residue. They can be applied safely and quickly, in a one-step hand application, with no damage to your vehicle, motorcycle, RV, boat, plane and more. TopCoat’s Pro Maintenance Kit saves both time and money! Add yours to your cart today!

domain: chemistry


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Shih Tzus are adorable little dogs with a big attitude. When they first see you, they’ll bark and snarl but after a few minutes they’ll be glued to your leg and begging for attention. Even though Shih Tzu means little lion, they are not quite as ferocious as the big cats they are named after. When selecting the best dog beds for Shih Tzus, you have many options because you don’t have to worry about size; even a small dog bed will be spacious enough, perfect for homes tight on space.
Highly sociable and affectionate, Shih Tzus prefer to be around people or other dogs. Standing between only 9-10 inches tall and weighing around 9-16 pounds, they have a small stature that sometimes leads to them getting injured by children or other dogs playing too rough. As such, you must always keep the dog bed in an area where you can watch over them. Since Shih Tzus are so affectionate, they will always seek companionship so make sure to place the dog bed in an area where there can be lots of interaction, such as the family room.
These hairy little furballs require some daily grooming because of how often they shed. You should always be aware of the temperature since the flat shape of their face and their long coats makes them susceptible to overheating. We recommend you get a dog bed that is hair and fur resistant, but also cool and open to airflow so that your Shih Tzu won’t suffer a heatstroke.
Best Dog Beds for Shih Tzus – What to Look For
Shih Tzus are perfect for people living in small homes or apartments due to how adaptable they are to the environment. As such, you can save a lot of money buying a smaller dog bed, and this has the secondary benefit of not occupying too much space in a cramped home. Unfortunately, Shih Tzus are hairy little furballs that shed everyday and seasonally as well. As such, we recommend you look for a dog bed with at least some of these benefits:
- Hair Resistant: Unless you want to spend an exorbitant amount of time everyday cleaning off fur from your Shih Tzu’s bed, we recommend you get one that is hair resistant, with a removable cover that is machine washable.
- Cool: Shih Tzus overheat easily and will not want to stay in a bed that is too warm. You may find them preferring to lay down on the wood or laminate floor and it’s not necessarily because they like it better than soft foam. In this case, you may have to get a flat mattress or a cooling pad on top of the bed to entice them back into the dog bed.
- Water Resistant: Shih Tzus are not easy to housebreak, and if not properly trained they may decide to pee in their dog bed. Make the clean-up process significantly easier with a water-resistant bed, otherwise the urine could seep deep into the cover and foam material and it will be nearly impossible to get it out.
- Soft: Some common health problems Shih Tzus experience are patella luxation and hip dysplasia. You can reduce the chances of this occurring, or if your dog is already affected by it, then you can alleviate some of the pain with a soft foam that can conform to their body’s curves.
Best Dog Beds for Shih Tzu Review
JOYELF Orthopedic Dog Bed
The JOYELF Orthopedic dog bed is one of our favorite dog beds for Shih Tzus for numerous reasons. First, the 2” memory foam base provides comfort by conforming to your dog’s body and providing a good night’s rest. The bolsters surrounding the bed provide a sense of shelter and can be used to rest his head and provide optimal neck support. The “small” size is recommended for puppies or small adults, and for dogs over 15 pounds you should consider upsizing to a “medium”.
The interior line is waterproof and ideal for elderly dogs or Shih Tzus that have not yet been house trained properly. What’s more, the cover is also made from a flame-retardant material which may be overkill but nice to have regardless. Don’t worry about your dog dragging his bed around thanks to the non-skid rubber backing which will keep it where you placed it.
Lastly, clean-up is a breeze thanks to the fully machine washable removable cover; just don’t let it soak too long and leave to air dry. Hair is easy to spot and remove from the cover, so that should be done prior to placing in the washing machine. Overall a solid bed for your Shih Tzu.
- Memory foam padding contours to the shape of the body for comfort
- Flame-retardant materials for extra safety
- Bolters provide a headrest and a sense of shelter
- Fully machine washable cover
- A user reported that the foam has an unusual smell that takes some time to get out
Coolaroo Elevated Pet Bed
During the summer months, your dog will want to sleep on a cool surface. Let’s make sure that they choose to sleep in their dog bed and not on the wood or laminate floor just to keep cool, because that would be damaging to their joints. The Coolaroo Elevated pet bed features an off-the-ground design that allows air to flow in from all directions, even down below the bed. The breathable fabric ensures that no hot spots will develop even when your pet sleeps all night.
This minimal bed is lightweight and resistant to mold and mildew, as well as fleas and mites. You can also easily carry it around for both indoor or outdoor use. The suspended design provides comfort to your dog’s joints, and the powder-coated steel frame is durable and can hold pets of all sizes, especially a Shih Tzu.
- Easy to assemble
- Provides lots of air flow to cool down your Shih Tzu on a hot summer day
- Resistant to mildew and mold
- Portable for indoor and outdoor use
- A user reports that the screws holding the frame together can loosen over time and requires occasional tightening
- A larger, heavier dog may stretch the mesh over time, however a small Shih Tzu simply isn’t heavy enough
Brindle Soft Memory Foam Dog Bed
Since Shih Tzus are so small, their short stubby legs can sometimes find it difficult to reach elevated areas. Even a dog bed with large bolsters and an entrance several inches off the floor might make it difficult for an elderly Shih Tzu or puppy to enter. In this case, a flat mattress like the Brindle Soft Memory Foam dog bed is ideal.
First, it has a 3” orthopedic memory foam base that eliminates pressure points and provides comfort. The simple flat design makes it very portable, so you can take it with you from room to room in your house so that your Shih Tzu can always be where the family is gathered. The soft, yet supportive material will reduce pain caused by arthritis, achy joints, or hip dysplasia.
We recommend purchasing the 28”x18” size, which is ideal for small dog breeds like the Shih Tzu or Dachshund. The soft micro suede cover can be removed and machine washed, making sure to use the gentle cycle and to dry on low heat, but don’t wash the foam pad. The Brindle Soft comes with a 3-year limited warranty.
- 3” Orthopedic memory foam is easy on the joints and comfortable
- Waterproof and machine washable cover
- Comes with a 3-year limited warranty
- Not chew or scratch resistant, an aggressive chewer or digger may destroy the bed
- Users report the larger versions of this bed are not adequately filled with foam, however the small versions don’t have this issue

domain: pet


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Self-expandable metallic stents (SEMSs) are typically inserted in patients with unresectable malignant biliary obstruction. However, SEMSs are susceptible to occlusion. To overcome this issue, we developed a large-bore, dumbbell-shaped, fully covered SEMS (FCSEMS-L) and compared its efficacy and safety with those of a conventional FCSEMS (FCSEMS-C) in patients with malignant biliary obstruction. Methods: Patients with unresectable distal malignant biliary obstruction were retrospectively enrolled between January 2011 and February 2021. All patients underwent endoscopic insertion of FCSEMSs. Recurrent biliary obstruction (RBO), patient survival time, complications, and prognosis were analyzed. Results: RBO occurred in 31 patients (35.6%) who received an FCSEMS-L, and in 34 (45.9%) who received an FCSEMS-C. Stent occlusion occurred in 19 patients (21.8%) who received an FCSEMS-L, and in 22 (29.7%) who received an FCSEMS-C. Stent migration occurred in 12 patients (13.8%) with an FCSEMS-L and 12 (16.2%) with an FCSEMS-C. The median time to RBO (TRBO) was 301 days with an FCSEMS-L and 203 days with an FCSEMS-C. The median survival time was 479 days with an FCSEMS-L and 523 days with an FCSEMS-C. The TRBO and patient survival time did not significantly differ between the two groups. Conclusions: There were no significant differences in efficacy and complication rates between the fully covered large bore SEMSs and conventional fully covered SEMSs.
|Journal||Journal of Clinical Medicine|
|Publication status||Published - 2022 Jun 1|
Bibliographical noteFunding Information:
Funding: This study was funded by the National Research Foundation, Ministry of Science and ICT of Korea (NRF-2020R1A2C1100753), a faculty research grant from the Yonsei University College of Medicine (6-2020-0074, 6-2020-0133), the 2022 domestic medical device new product association-linked user (Medical Institution) multi-institution evaluation support project, and research grant from Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine.
© 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

domain: medical


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If you’re local to Bristol or familiar with the scene, then you most likely were introduced to Anaïs some time ago. As a resident for Lakota and core member of the Invicta Audio crew, she has been entertaining ravers for a few years now. If you were to come across her at an event, then you’ll know about it. Jungle house blends, 4X4 switch ups, 99BPM madness – you name it, Anaïs has probably warped your mind with it.
But as good of a DJ she is, Anaïs has been making a name for herself in the scene as a music artist. Her debut EP is more than just a release, it’s a statement of intent from an artist who has so much motivation to learn, and it’s a calling to females out there who want to produce but are unsure of their credentials.

domain: entertainment


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Braking Bad Onesies
Severus Snape, a 40-year-old potion teacher, secretly begins making crystallized methamphetamine to support his family after learning that he has terminal lung cancer. He teams up with a former student, Ron Weasley, who is a meth dealer. Ron tries to sell the meth they made, but the dealers snatch him and make him show them their lab, which is in an old RV. Snape knows the dealers intend to kill him, so he poisons them while pretending to share his recipe.
Tags: zefkiel-noir, marco-mazzitelli, zefkiel, crystal-meth, meth
Do you wanna have a bad time? Then you better not buy this design, because we’re pretty sure you’ll have a very good time if you do! Featuring fanart from the game Undertale drawn by ZephyrDarksnake and skillfully painted by Blacksapphiredragon on deviantART. In a wide variety of products ranging from apparel to phone accessories, you can watch the flowers bloom and hear the birds sing in style. Because on days like these, people like you… Should be buying this art ;P
Tags: sans, undertale-sans, sans-undertale, megalovania

domain: artistic


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Wednesday, October 21, 2020 11:28 PM EDT(updated every 5 minutes)
Democrats to boycott Senate panel vote on Trump Supreme Court pick
Democrats hope to break Republican hold on Ohio high court
Why Senate Republicans would rather approve a Supreme Court nominee than coronavirus stimulus
Sen. Joni Ernst: 'We don't have to fit the narrow definition of womanhood'
Power Up: Here are 5 charts that help explain the state of early voting
Federal appeals court won’t lift North Carolina ballot-receipt extension
Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg advocated for human rights and equality, stood up for the rights of women, and so much more.
Now, everything she fought for is in jeopardy.
Republicans are trying to roll back Americans’ rights by replacing her with someone who will undo her legacy.
It’s not the Supreme Court’s job to create policy. It’s to interpret the law. https://t.co/4m2AePkaPM
I have never witnessed a more impressive display of poise and knowledge and temperament in a candidate for the Supreme Court than I have from Judge Amy Coney Barrett. I will, with great honor and privilege, vote in favor of her confirmation. https://t.co/PZcmTck7vp
I am forcing a vote to adjourn the Senate until after the November election.
We are not going to have business as usual here in the Senate while the Republicans try to use an illegitimate process to jam through a Supreme Court nominee.
The American people’s voices must be heard. The next president & the next Senate should decide the next Supreme Court Justice.
Might does not make right. Just 12 days before an election the Judiciary Committee shouldn't be rushing & ramming forward the nomination of a Supreme Court Justice. Proud to join my Democratic colleagues in boycotting tomorrow’s mark-up. Real lives & real people are at stake.

domain: news


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NEW DELHI: Sarod maestro Ustad Amjad Ali Khan has authored a book on the lives and times of some of the greatest icons of Indian classical music.
Having known these stalwarts personally, Khan recalls anecdotes and details about their individual musical styles, bringing them alive in “Master on Masters”, publishers Penguin Random House said.
The book will hit stores in the middle of this month.
The 12 eminent musicians of the 20th century who appear in the book are Bade Ghulam Ali Khan, Amir Khan, Begum Akhtar, Alla Rakha, Kesarbai Kerkar, Kumar Gandharva, M.S. Subbulakshmi, Bhimsen Joshi, Bismillah Khan, Ravi Shankar, Vilayat Khan and Kishan Maharaj.
In writing about them, Khan transcends the gharana and north-south divide, and presents portraits of these artists.
Khan gave his first performance at the age of six, and is credited with reinventing the technique of playing the sarod.
Over the course of a distinguished career spanning more than six decades, he has won numerous accolades, including a Grammy nomination, the Crystal Award by the World Economic Forum, the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award and all three Padma Awards.–PTI


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Located in the Southern California desert area 140 miles (225 km) east of Los Angeles, Joshua Tree National Park is a popular destination for hikers, rock climbers, photography buffs and nature lovers.
U.S. allows Nestle to keep taking water from Southern
Developed by International Qigong Master Chunyi Lin, SFQ is comprised of 4 components.The best places to go camping near Los Angeles The best camping near Los Angeles, from beach campgrounds to the mountains and everything in between Photograph: Courtesy Teddy Kelley.For information on all of the current fires burning in California click here.
Honeymoon Destinations in Southern California with ForestLive map of Southern California Fires Continuously updated fire data provided by U.S. Forest Service — red dots are the current hot spots.
Southern California Edison - SCEFind 13 listings related to Southern California Edison in Lake Forest on YP.com. See reviews, photos, directions, phone numbers and more for Southern California Edison locations in Lake Forest, CA.
Southern California Edison in Lake Forest, CA with Reviews
Camping in Southern California - Time Out Los Angeles
San Bernardino, the second largest city, has museums and impressive shopping, while.
The Latest: Southern California fire expanding into forestLake Forest lies between Interstate 5 and the 241, a toll road.EL NIfiO EFFECTS ON KELP COMMUNITIES 245 upon the physical structure of the upwelling system.
The California Department of Forestry and Fire Protecton is unable to guarantee the accuracy of this translation and is therefore not liable for any inaccurate information resulting from the translation application tool.In southern California, giant kelp beds were common until the 1950s.Lake Forest is a city in Orange County in Southern California.
Giant kelp grows best in well mixed, cool, clear ocean water.
National Forest Maps, California Camping National ForestsRIVERSIDE COUNTY, Calif. --A 32-year-old man has been charged with intentionally starting nine Southern California fires, including one that has chased thousands of residents from mountain.
A new forest spatial database would contribute to both the management of these problems and the basic science required understand how southern California forests may change in the future.
The Cedar Fire, Southern California, 2003 - Top 10Bluff Lake is a beautiful place to visit in the San Bernardino National Forest.In terms of property damage, 2017 was the most destructive wildfire season on record in California at the time, with a total of 9,133 fires burning 1,381,405 acres (5,590.35 km 2) of land, according to the California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection, including five of the 20 most destructive wildland-urban interface fires in the state.Click on the fire listings below to find them on the map, and zoom in to see details.
Campgrounds in California | Forest Campgrounds
Any of them will give you a glimpse of the magnificent trees and the forests they grow in, but the redwood forests listed below are some of the best places to see them.The Southern California Daily Forest Adventure Pass grants one-car access to Angeles National Forest, Cleveland National Forest, Los Padres National Forest and San Bernardino National Forest.The Sand fire in the Santa Clarita Valley mountains north of Los Angeles has burned 38,873 acres, destroyed at least 18 homes and taken one life.

domain: geography


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Air France says a plane carrying 495 passengers and 22 crew was diverted on its way from Shanghai to Paris after Russia announced at short notice that part of its airspace was closed for a military exercise.
The company said flight AF111 was forced to land in Hamburg, Germany, early Wednesday to refuel because the plane had too little fuel on board to complete the flight following its detour.
Hamburg Airport confirmed that the plane landed shortly after 6 a.m. (0500 GMT) and was able to take off for Paris again after an hour and a half.
It wasn’t immediately clear if Russia’s military exercise was linked to the increased troop activity on its western border with Ukraine.
Meanwhile, the World Bank warned Wednesday that Russia’s economy could contract this year if the country is hit with more serious sanctions following its annexation of Crimea.


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Understanding Garden Design
Zen gardens often consist of aquatic garden ponds. Look at these links to acquire an idea about what a Zen garden is. Like a beautiful poem, it uses symbolism to represent a coherent landscape. The standard Zen garden includes sand, gravel, and rocks. The truly amazing thing about making your own zen garden is you can alter the design at any moment! Full instructions about how to earn a mini zen garden it is possible to find here.
My garden has a lot of thematic beds. Your garden, like your house is among them. This garden consists of distinct plants placed or planted in containers. Little and huge gardens are equally beautiful. All the completely free gardens on our site, including this garden design, might be copied completely free for your own usage, in your house garden. Thus gardening may be religious activity. Container gardening is believed to be a good option for gardening in little areas.
Think about just how you would like a person to view and continue through your garden. Herb gardens are planted for centuries. Your herb garden ought to be functional and appealing. An official herb garden, like every formal garden, is symmetrical and is ordinarily designed around a particular feature like a fountain or a statue. Most herb gardens do not need an entire bunch of water, and a bit of sunshine is going to do. You are able to read more advice on how to begin an herb garden below.
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What to Expect From Garden Design?
Your design must stick to these guidelines. This design is going to be employed to develop and construct the community garden website. There are as many diverse designs because there are gardeners. The designer might be rather creative but that’s not sufficient to create a superb garden. He may be very creative, but that is not enough to create a magnificent garden. Most designers will be quite inclined to focus their attention on a certain area (such as the entryway). On account of the more compact spaces of today homes, the modern-day designers often must combine contemporary and ancient garden elements, which isn’t an easy job in any way.
If there’s not, you will need to change your design. An ultimate design will as often as not be quite easy, but account for each of the aforementioned, along with that additional something. Once you have thought about what you might want to put in your design, consider the design constraints below. Our Garden Design procedure (The stages) below which explains the different phases of a design procedure and the options which may be appropriate for your new scheme. It’s good to keep in mind that there’s no ultimate garden design for your premises.
You don’t require a great deal of space for an amazing garden all you require is tons of sun. The quantity of space you must dedicate to the garden is going to have an influence on the design. For those who have loads of space, you might choose to have every conceivable type herb it is possible to find. Make sure you’re allotting enough space for your whole herb garden together with individual beds within it if you’re arranging a formal design.
If you would rather design your garden in an official way, you may use geometric designs like squares or circles. Although laying out a garden is never easy, you can begin on the most suitable track by asking yourself five crucial questions and adhering to the fundamental fundamentals of excellent design. When you pick a Chinese garden, then you are going to discover an intriguing collection of fountain. In addition, you may discover that this is a rather simple garden to maintain. My own gardens at my home may look designed, but it is a ruse.

domain: design


text:
For the last couple months, the free Monday night show Broken Comedy – in the dark and dingy back room at Bar Matchless in Greenpoint – has really been hitting its stride. Lately in particular, Broken has drawn solid crowds with consistently strong talent. That’s impressive as the show (which was created in 2011) has been re-upping with the absence of favored host Michael Che.
Late Night with Seth Meyers
Sure, you could trek out to Jones Beach to see Aziz Ansari and Amy Schumer headline the Oddball Comedy & Curiosity Festival in September, but that’s a big production. Instead, walk on over to a couple of lower-key comedy fests happening in the next couple of weeks.


text:
A newspaper executive today criticised Google and Facebook for changing search algorithms without telling publishers and warned how they now have ‘all the power’ in online news and advertising.
Peter Wright, editor emeritus at DMG Media, MailOnline’s parent company, said the news industry has ‘no idea how they work’ and they ‘behave in the way that market dominant companies do’, accusing them of ‘monopoly behaviour’.
He slammed Google after MailOnline saw its daily traffic from the search engine fall by 50 per cent last June following an algorithm change ‘without any warning’.
Peter Wright, editor emeritus at DMG Media, spoke to a House of Lords commitee today
Giving evidence to the House of Lords Communications and Digital Committee via videolink, Mr Wright said: ‘Google and Facebook in our view are market dominant companies and they behave in the way that market dominant companies do.
‘And it also has an effect on our journalism. Google and Facebook both distribute our content via algorithm. Those algorithms are what is known in the digital world as a ‘black box’ – they are secret, you have no idea how they work. But we can see and measure the results.
‘Over recent years there have been a number of occasions when both Google and Facebook have changed their algorithms overnight without any warning which not only has a dramatic effect on our businesses but it also means that people searching for news are suddenly not finding our news.
‘This happened to us with MailOnline in June last year and over the space of three days, our search visibility, which is the measure of how often your content is appearing against a basket of search terms, dropped by 50 per cent, and it was particularly marked against some particular terms. One of them for instance was ‘Brexit’.
MailOnline owner DMG Media is based at Northcliffe House in Kensington, West London
‘Now, why they do this, we don’t know, we protested, we got an explanation which made no sense at all. Eventually three months later, equally without warning, it was restored.
‘But this is monopoly behaviour. You can’t do this if you’re in a business relationship with someone where there’s any semblance of equality of power.’
He said DMG Media was also calling for ‘regulation to address the complete imbalance in the business relationship’ between the company and Google and Facebook.
Mr Wright told the committee: ‘As far as the commercial relationship between news publishers and the platforms is concerned, it’s a business relationship between two partners in which one partner has all the power.
The entrance doors outside Google’s London headquarters in the King’s Cross area
‘Google are completely dominant in search, which is one of the main means of distribution of news. They have around a 90 per cent share for search.
Peter Wright says rise in BAME applications for trainee scheme is ‘very encouraging’
Peter Wright said it was ‘very encouraging’ that the Daily Mail is now seeing an upturn in BAME applications for its trainee scheme.
He said the company was also seeing positive results from its Stephen Lawrence scholarship scheme which is ‘aimed particularly at people from BAME backgrounds and particularly at those who have no university education and may come from homes with all sorts of other disadvantages’.
Mr Wright told how ‘for the last decade or so we’ve been offering a degree of positive discrimination to ensure that we have a better balance of recruits’.
He added: ‘I have to say that when we went through the applicants for our training scheme last year, in the first sift, they’re done without photographs, you don’t really know who the applicants might be, and when the selectors looked at the people they’d picked as the most likely, there was a really strong representative sample of people from BAME backgrounds.
‘We didn’t have to do any sort of positive selection at all. People from BAME and disadvantaged backgrounds wanted to be journalists, they wanted to come and work for us, and we were able to offer them jobs.
‘Now that’s the way it should happen, frankly, and it’s a sea change, because ten years ago we just weren’t seeing those applicants and we virtually had to go out and look for them. So I find that very encouraging.
‘It’s absolutely vital that you have a newsroom that represents the population at large, and you should have people from all sorts of backgrounds – the more varied, the better.’
‘They are also completely dominant in the digital advertising market. They provide all the intermediary services through which we sell advertising.
‘Facebook are also dominant in social media with Instagram, which they own, they hold about 62 per cent, and within Facebook to a large extent you have to use Facebook advertising services. This means that advertising markets are opaque.
‘Google have, I think, six different vertically integrated advertising services, all of which charge commissions, fees or take revenue shares, many of which are opaque, and we have to accept what terms they impose.
‘Even the contracts that we sign to use their services are often presented to us on a take-it-or-leave-it basis. So what we’re asking for here is for regulation, and the CMA (Competition and Markets Authority) are about to report on a massive piece of work they’ve been doing, to address the complete imbalance in the business relationship.’
Former Mail on Sunday editor Mr Wright also told how MailOnline now makes ‘more money out of advertising than our newspapers do’. He told the committee: ‘We have had to make enormous changes to adapt to the digital world.
‘We have always been a mass market consumer newspaper company but, as we’ve seen the, digital revolution first of all hit classified advertising and we divested of the Evening Standard and then of Northcliffe Newspapers, which was our regional newspaper division.
‘And we have continued to invest and promote our newspaper titles – Daily Mail, Mail On Sunday and Metro, which is both a different editorial approach and a different business model to the Mail titles, but we’ve also invested very heavily in digital products.
‘MailOnline, it depends which measurement you take, but it’s next to the BBC by many measurements the biggest website in the UK, but it’s also one of the biggest in the US. And as of the last couple of months, the biggest apart from the Australian Broadcasting Corporation in Australia.
‘It now makes more money out of advertising than our newspapers do, but we don’t have any subscription revenue, or any to speak of, and the next struggle is to replace the newspaper cover price revenue, which now forms about 80 per cent of the newspaper revenue.’
DMG Media, which is based at Northcliffe House in Kensington, West London, also owns the Daily Mail, The Mail On Sunday, Metro and the i newspaper.


text:
In today's edition: Mobile websites for airports, Organising the MICE, Ole! for OlaCabs, Human-free for Poland PURA.
This is the regular Tnooz roundup of product news from around the travel, tourism and hospitality industry, all with a technology, online and digital twist - Tuesday 26 April 2011.
- Many airports have been slow to hop on the mobile bandwagon, but Des Moines International Airport in Iowa appears to be an exception to the rule as it just launched its first mobile website, which is powered by FlightView. The mobile site has been optimized for Droids, iPhones and Blackberrys and travelers can access flight information, airport services and nearby amenities, including parking, dining and shopping. Flight-tracking features cover time-zone conversions, diverted flights and codeshares, among other areas.
- Meetings planners looking to organize gatherings that won't fill mega-sized convention halls have new tools from MeetingsIn, which launched a corporate site as well as 17 global microsites geared for small meetings. The sites, handling meetings from London to New Orleans, and Berlin to Hong Kong, are powered by StarCite. The latter's tools enable planners to insert details about their upcoming meetings and compare rates from suppliers.
- More Indianonline travel investment news, with car rental and cab aggregator OlaCabs winning a Series A funding round. Undisclosed but believed to be in the region of $1 million, high profile Indian investors Rehan yar Khan, Anupam Mittal and others are spearhearding the round. The company says funds will be used to build operations and marketing teams as well as product development.
- Some hotel staff in the Polish city of Wroclaw will soon join others in Europe twiddling their thumbs as the human-free accommodation experience comes to the new PURO Hotel. The property will be the first in the country to have an entirely self-service check-in kiosk system for guests, provided by Ariane Systems (creator of the world's first human-free hotel in Oslo).


|Publication number||US4764755 A|
|Application number||US 07/077,904|
|Publication date||Aug 16, 1988|
|Filing date||Jul 27, 1987|
|Priority date||Jul 27, 1987|
|Publication number||07077904, 077904, US 4764755 A, US 4764755A, US-A-4764755, US4764755 A, US4764755A|
|Inventors||Daniel F. Pedtke, George E. Behlke|
|Original Assignee||Detection Systems, Inc.|
|Export Citation||BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan|
|Patent Citations (4), Referenced by (53), Classifications (15), Legal Events (4)|
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet|
This invention relates to intruder detection systems and, more particularly, to improvements in signal processing for the purpose of minimizing any tendency for false alarms.
In U.S. Pat. No. 4,612,442 issued to Toshimichi, there is disclosed a passive infrared intrusion detection system comprising circuitry for processing digital signals to minimize the effects of spurious false-alarm-producing sources. Such circuitry includes a pulse width discriminator for eliminating so-called "popcorn" noise, and a digital counter for counting potential alarm-producing pulses produced by the infrared radiation-sensitive detector element of the system. Only in the event that a predetermined count is reached within a certain time interval (determined by a timing circuit) is an alarm relay activated.
In the above-mentioned intruder detection system, the time interval during which pulses are counted is initiated by the first pulse transmitted by the pulse discriminator. Once initiated, the time interval times out for the selected time period (usually about 20-30 seconds). If the requisite number of pulses is not counted during that period, no alarm is sounded, and the pulse that initiated the time interval, as well as those counted pulses which are less than the number required for alarm activation, are assumed to have been produced by something other than an intruder.
In order to assure that the above system will detect intruders at long range, the time interval must be sufficiently long as to allow a slow moving intruder to cross two target fields (i.e., two fields of view of the detector element). Obviously, if the time interval is set for a relatively long period, say, several minutes, spurious signals spaced minutes apart (not unusual) can produce false alarms. On the other hand, if the time interval is set relatively short, say, for only a few seconds, a slow moving intruder can go undetected. With these two consideratons in mind, a time interval of between 20 and 30 seconds is usually selected.
While the digital signal processing circuitry described in the above-mentioned Toshimichi patent may be effective in discriminating many false-alarm-producing events from those attributable to intrusion, such circuitry is nevertheless susceptible to certain types of spurious sources. For example, in the case of a passive infrared system of the type having extremely sensitive pyroelectric sensors, if a heater is turned on in the region under surveillance, the sensors can saturate, producing a first pulse at the outset of such event, and second and third pulses, perhaps 20 seconds later as the sensors come out of saturation and settle to a steady-state condition. Assuming the system is set to alarm after counting 3 pulses within a 25 second time window, such an event would give rise to a false alarm. Thus, it would be very desirable to shorten the time interval during which pulses are counted without sacrificing the "catch" performance at long range. Also, it would be desirable to reduce the cost of signal-processing circuitry of the above system (which requires a relatively costly digital counter) without sacrificing the effectiveness of such systems in minimizing false alarms.
In view of the foregoing, an object of this invention is to provide an intruder detection system of the type described which is even less susceptible to false alarm-producing sources.
Another object of this invention is to provide low-cost signal processing circuitry for intruder detection systems, circuitry which is improved from the standpoint that it requires no digital counter or pulse-width discriminating circuitry to achieve high reliability in rejecting spurious false-alarm-producing signals.
Like similar intruder detection systems, that of the invention comprises (a) a sensor for detecting the presence of an intruder in a region under surveillance, such sensor being adapted to produce a first signal which varies with respect to a nominal level in response to the presence of an intruder in such region, and (b) first threshold sensing means operatively coupled to the sensor for producing a second signal whose steady-state level changes each time the first signal exceeds or falls below a threshold level. Unlike the prior art systems, however, the intruder detection system of the invention is characterized by (c) pulse generating means for producing current pulses of predetermined pulsewidth each time the output of the threshold-sensing means changes level, (d) integrating means operatively coupled to the current pulse generator for integrating the current pulses and for producing a third signal porportional to the number of current pulses received, (e) second threshold sensing means for activating an alarm relay when the level of the third signal exceeds a preset level, and (f) timing means for discharging the integrator means a predetermined time period after the first current pulse is received by the integrator, such predetermined time period being reset each time a current pulse is produced by the pulse generator. Preferably, the current pulse amplitude and/or pulsewidth, is/are variable to control the sensitivity of the sytem.
The invention will be better understood from the ensuing detailed description of preferred embodiments, reference being made to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a passive IR intruder detection system embodying the invention;
FIGS. 2A-2G illustrate the waveforms of the outputs of various components of the FIG. 1 system; and
FIGS. 3A-3D illustrate the effectiveness of the invention in discriminating against one type of spurious source.
Referring now to the drawings, the block diagram of FIG. 1 illustrates a passive infrared intruder detection system embodying the signal processing circuitry of the invention. Such system typically comprises a multifaceted optical system 10 shown for the sake of convenience as a pair of lenslets L1 and L2, for focusing infrared rediation (IR) onto a sensor S. Typically, the IR sensor comprises a pair of spaced pyroelectric elements E1, E2, each element cooperating with each facet of the optical system to provide the detection system with multiple, discrete fields of view, in this case fields F1-F4. Such sensor/multifacet optical system combinations are well known in this art and, hence, need not be described further herein. For further details, the reader may refer to the aforementioned U.S. Pat. No. 4,612,442, as well as to U.S. Pat. No. 4,258,255.
As shown in FIG. 1, the pyroelectric elements E1 and E2 are connected in series opposition. Thus, as an intruder passes through, say, fields F1 and F2 the pyroelectric elements produce a signal (as shown in FIG. 2A) comprising a first pulse P1 of a first polarity, followed by a second pulse P2 of opposite polarity. Also, a third pulse P3 is usually produced as the crystal lattice of the pyroelectric element restores to equilibrium. The output of senosr S is suitably amplified by a high gain bandpass amplifier A1, which filters out frequencies uncharacteristic of intrusion. The amplifier output is connected to the positive and negative inputs of a pair of differential amplifiers A2 and A3, respectively, which operate as comparators. The negative terminal of amplifier A2 is connected to positive reference voltage, REF. A, and the positive terminal of amplifier A3 is connected to a negative reference voltage, REF. B. Amplifiers A2 and A3 provide a threshold sensing function, assuring that the respective sensor element outputs exceed certain minimum levels (determined by the reference voltages) before the system will consider such outputs intruder-produced. The output b of amplifiers A2 and A3 will go positive whenever either the output of amplifier A1 is so positive that it exceeds REF. A, or is so negative that it exceeds the negative reference voltage REF. B. The output of amplifiers A2 and A3, for the input shown in FIG. 2A, is shown in FIG. 2B. So far, this type of signal processing is conventional in the art and is, for example, disclosed in the aforementioned U.S. Pat. No. 4,258,255.
The additional, false-alarm-discriminating, signal processing circuitry of the invention basically comprises the combination of current pulse generating means 20, integrating means 30, threshold sensing means 40 and timing means 50. Preferably, current pulse generating means 20 comprises a conventional differentiating circuit 22 which eliminates certain noise components present in the output of the threshold-sensing amplifiers A2 and A3. As shown in FIG. 2c, the output c of the differentiating circuit is in the form of a spike each time the output of amplifiers A2 and A3 goes positive. This occurs, of course, each time the sensor output a breaks out of the voltage range defined by the threshold levels of REFS. A and B. The output of differentiater 22 triggers a conventional one-shot (multivibrator) 24 which, when triggered, provides a pulse of predetermined pulse width t. The one-shot output d serves the dual function of initiating (or resetting) a timing signal f provided by the timing circuit 50, and of keying a current source 26 to produce a current pulse of the same pulsewidth as the one-shot output. The amplitude of the pulse produced by the current pulse generator is adjustable to provide a means for adjusting the system sensitivity. The output e of the current pulse generator is integrated by integrating means 30 which may comprise a conventional timing circuit 32, and the integrated output g thereof serves as one input to threshold-sensing means 40. The latter may take the form of a differential amplifier A4. When the integrator output exceeds an alarm threshold determined by the other input of the threshold sensor, i.e. REF. C, an alarm relay 60 is energized. If, however, the alarm threshold is not exceeded by the integrator output within a time interval defined by a timing signal f provided by the timing circuit 52, the charge on the integrator is dumped, i.e., dischargd to ground. The output of the timing circuit is in the form of a pulse of nominal pulsewidth T. The pulsewidth T is, of course, adjustable, being determined by the selected parameters of the particular circuit elements comprising timing circuit 52. This pulse establishes a time window during which, as noted above, the integator output must exceed a certain threshold for alarm activation. A particularly important aspect of this invention is that the time window is reset to zero time at time R whenever a current pulse is received by the timing circuit from the current pulse generator, as shown in FIG. 2F. By this arrangement, as explained below, certain types of false alarms can be avoided. The advantageous effect of the signal processing cicuitry of the invention is illustrated in FIGS. 3A-3D.
Referring now to FIGS. 3A-3D, the output a of the threshold-sensing amplifiers A2 and A3 is shown as it would be in the event of the sensor elements detect an abrupt increase in radiation in this respective fields of view. As mentioned earlier, such an event might be occassioned by a room heater being switched on by a thermostat. It might also be caused by sunlight being momentarily reflected directly onto the sensor package. In any such event, the relatively intense and sudden increase in ambient IR will cause the sensor output to saturate. Such saturation is commonly exemplified by the waveform shown in FIG. 3A. In response to this waveform, the keyed current pulse generator comprising signal processing circuitry of the invention will produce three current pulses on output e, such pulses being spaced in time as shown in FIG. 3B. Responsive to these pulses, timing circuit 50 will produce the timing signal f shown in FIG. 3C. As shown, timing pulse P1 initiates the nominal time period T during which the integrator can accumulate charge from the applied current pulses. Assuming that period T is selected for, say, five seconds, and the time spacings between pulses P1 and P2, and between P2 and P3 are four and seven seconds, respectively, then the integrater output will be as shown in FIG. 3D. As is apparent, pulse P2 is effective to reset the period T at t=R. This has the effect of prolonging the period during which the integrater can accumulate charge to nine seconds. But, pulse P3 comes too late to reset and thereby further prolong this time interval. Thus, at the end of nine seconds, the integrator is discharged and its output returns to zero. The arrival of pulse P3 intitiates a new time period T which, as shown, times out after the nominal five second period since no further pulses are received within the period.
From the foregoing, it should be apparent that the signal processing circuitry of the invention is capable of discriminating against certain false alarm sources to which the aforementioned prior art systems are susceptible. Note, since the prior art systems do not reset the timing period on each pulse, i.e. each time the sensor output breaks above or below the threshold level, such systems requires that period T be set relatively long and, when so set, such systems are susceptible to the aforedescribed spurious sources.
The sensitivity of the detection system described above can be readily changed by either controlling the amplitude of the current pulses or by controlling the value of REF. C. Either (or both) approach can be used to control the number of current pulses required to reach the alarm threshold.
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, obvious variations will suggest themselves to skilled artisans and such variations are intended to be within the scope of the following claims.
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|U.S. Classification||340/541, 340/566, 250/340, 250/DIG.1, 340/567, 340/529|
|International Classification||G08B13/19, G08B29/18|
|Cooperative Classification||Y10S250/01, G08B29/26, G08B13/19, G08B29/185|
|European Classification||G08B29/18S, G08B29/26, G08B13/19|
|Jun 6, 1988||AS||Assignment|
Owner name: DETECTION SYSTEMS, INC., 130 PERINTON PARKWAY, FA
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNORS:PEDTKE, DANIEL F.;BEHLKE, GEORGE E.;REEL/FRAME:004891/0514
Effective date: 19880527
Owner name: DETECTION SYSTEMS, INC., NEW YORK
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:PEDTKE, DANIEL F.;BEHLKE, GEORGE E.;REEL/FRAME:004891/0514
Effective date: 19880527
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Minecraft is a survival tactic game created by the publisher Mojang. At first, the game has a name is Cave Game, then it was renamed Minecraft Order The Stone, and finally, it is Minecraft. The game was inspired by several titles such as Dwarf Fortress, Infiniminer, and Roller Coaster Tycoon.
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LINCOLN, Neb. (DTN) -- With a 131% increase in beef imports from Brazil into the U.S. reported in 2021 and a continuation of that pattern early in 2022, the National Cattlemen's Beef Association on Monday renewed its call for U.S. Agriculture Secretary Tom Vilsack to suspend fresh beef imports from Brazil.
The surge of imports triggered a temporary tariff safeguard of 26.4% applied to Brazilian beef imports for the rest of 2022.
While a temporary tariff increase "may discourage" further fresh beef imports from Brazil, it does not address the underlying concern over Brazil's "repeated failure" to adhere to international animal health and food safety standards, NCBA said in a news release this week.
"We are, once again, calling on Secretary Vilsack to suspend fresh beef imports from Brazil, because of that country's long history of failing to report BSE (bovine spongiform encephalopathy) cases in a timely manner," NCBA Vice President of Government Affairs Ethan Lane, said in a statement.
"It's incredibly disappointing to have our science-based recommendations met with no notable response by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. As beef imports from Brazil continue to rise, we urge USDA to reconsider their stance on Brazilian beef and take necessary action to safeguard the integrity of the entire U.S. food supply chain."
In November 2021, U.S. cattle groups were united in pressing the Biden administration to stop beef imports from Brazil after the World Organization for Animal Health said Brazil took more than eight weeks to report two confirmed cases of atypical BSE.
The OIE requires countries to report within 24 hours any animal disease event that could be of international concern for public health emergencies.
Last year, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease was detected in two people in Brazil. The CJD, according to Brazilian agricultural ministry officials, was sporadic in the cases and not caused by eating beef or beef byproducts.
Classic BSE has been linked to variant CJD in people. That version of BSE largely is caused by feed contaminated with the infectious prion agent, such as meat-and-bone meal containing protein derived from rendered, infected cattle.
Brazil confirmed two cases of atypical BSE on Sept. 4, 2021, in animals in meat-processing plants and not caused by contaminated feed.
NCBA and R-CALF USA differed in their requests last year. NCBA asked for the suspension of fresh beef imports, while R-CALF wanted all beef imports stopped.
Only 12% of beef consumed in America is imported, according to NCBA, and nearly 75% of beef imports are lean-beef trimmings used in combination with fattier trimming to make ground beef.
The majority of imported beef comes from countries that have formalized trade agreements with the U.S., NCBA said, or who have specific import quotas.
All other beef imports are sold under the "other countries" annual quota of 65,000 metric tons. Beef sold under the "other countries" quota is a charged a rate of 4.4 cents per kilogram, and beef sold above the quota is charged a 26.4% tariff.
According to the latest U.S. Customs and Border Protection report, the "other countries" quota is full, resulting in a tariff increase on beef imports from Brazil, Japan, Ireland, Lithuania and the United Kingdom for the rest of 2022. A majority of the quota was met with the 50,000 metric tons of fresh beef imports from Brazil to the U.S. in the first quarter of 2022.
The spike in beef imports from Brazil comes at a time when cattle and calves on feed for slaughter totaled 12.2 million in USDA's latest Cattle on Feed report. It was the highest March inventory number since 1996. Not only was this a high-water mark for the history of the USDA report, but it was a 1% bump above 2021 levels. The numbers focused only on feedlots with a capacity of 1,000 head or more.
Read more on DTN:
"Feeder Inventory Bursting," https://www.dtnpf.com/…
"Groups Want Brazil Beef Imports Stopped," https://www.dtnpf.com/…
Todd Neeley can be reached at firstname.lastname@example.org
Follow him on Twitter @DTNeeley
(c) Copyright 2022 DTN, LLC. All rights reserved.


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In the fifth installment of the Future of Development series, which brings together experts to discuss the big questions facing developing countries over the next decade, Leonard Wantchekon and Sarah Khan took on the role of politics in development (and vice versa), exploring how political distortions impact the economy and how economic change affects politics.
Leonard pointed out that research into African development has often landed on “deep” or long-run factors that constrain progress, whether these are the extractive institutions left by colonial powers or the ethnic divisions that undermine progress or increase the likelihood of conflict. But this discourse ignores the recent convergence both in incomes and institutional quality between Africa and richer countries. He argued that to understand this, we need to look at the role of much more fluid and changeable political arrangements and equilibria. Specifically, what political distortions—whether driven by voters, politicians, international forces, or other players—affect development and economic outcomes, including economic growth and consumption, debt profiles, technological innovation, and firm productivity? There are three main distortions, he argued—patronage, contract enforcement, and state capture—which empirical research shows generate welfare losses.
Against this framework, Leonard laid out three sets of policies to address these political distortions and achieve better development outcomes. First, pursue state reform that makes government more transparent, exposes the connections of politicians and bureaucrats, and improves the quality of supply of new politicians. Second, implement campaign finance reforms to regulate and limit corporate donations, both domestic and international, to limit the extent of state capture. And third, implement technologies to improve the effectiveness of the state, particularly for service delivery. Collectively, he argued, these reforms would ameliorate the political distortions that have had such a deleterious effect on the economy.
Sarah Khan examined the gender dynamics of political participation in developing countries, building on a 2003 experiment by Leonard on clientelism and voting behavior in Benin. There are multiple arguments for improving women’s political participation, she said: the instrumental (“better women’s representation will improve governance”) as well as the normative (“equal representation is intrinsically important”). In development it’s common to focus on the former argument for women’s representation, framing it as a solution to political problems—despite the fact that the evidence case for that is mixed. Sarah argued for the normative, rights-focused rationale although warned that it’s still open to manipulation, as in how autocratic regimes have used gender quotas in government as low-cost “window dressing” to improve their reputations abroad.
Shanta kicked off the discussion with a challenge: in places where there is a stable equilibrium that has resisted political reform, how can we ever overcome those entrenched forces? Leonard recognized this difficulty and argued that it spoke to the importance of mobilizing voters, NGOs, and political parties to demand institutional reforms to improve welfare. We should also be wary of placing the blame for political distortions on voters, he argued, and attention must be given to the actions of firms and corporations while political information provision must be organic.
Shanta also pressed both speakers on how external actors can influence political patterns in developing countries, if indeed they should at all. Sarah argued that outside intervention can generate a politics of its own which can lead to even worse outcomes. Leonard suggested that it is possible for outside parties to intervene politically to address distortions without being partisan, but Sarah warned that thinking any development is apolitical is an illusion. Finally, Sarah pointed out that that the canonical examples of success in political gender equality, welfare states like Sweden, recognized and corrected for inequalities in the household division of labor as the root of political inequality; the roots of political inclusion run deep.
We continued the discussion of gender at another installment of the Future of Development series, “India and Working Women” featuring Ashwini Deshpande and Alice Evans. Stay tuned for a summary soon!
CGD blog posts reflect the views of the authors, drawing on prior research and experience in their areas of expertise. CGD is a nonpartisan, independent organization and does not take institutional positions.
Image credit for social media/web: Adobe Stock


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Lazio forward Felipe Anderson has admitted that he is not certain if he will be at the Serie A club when the transfer window ends.
The Brazilian attacker has been heavily linked away from the Rome heavyweights in recent times, with the Daily Star reporting that he is being considered by Louis van Gaal as a possible offensive solution for Manchester United.
The Red Devils have been lacklustre in front of goal for much of the campaign, with big-money summer signings Memphis Depay and Anthony Martial failing to truly convince that they can lead the line for the title hopefuls. Indeed, the north-west giants’ offensive failings were evident once again when they laboured to a 1-0 victory over lower-league Sheffield United in the FA Cup on Saturday.
Felipe Anderson, by contrast, has found the net five times in Serie A so far this season, contributing one assist, and shone once again—albeit in a three-minute cameo—as he found the net in the 95th minute of Lazio’s 3-1 defeat of high-flying Fiorentina in Italian top flight action this weekend.
Speaking to Sky Italia after the match [as per Daily Star], the attacker—who can play on either flank—admitted that he wasn’t certain he’d still be with the Rome-based heavyweights come the end of window.
“I don’t know. For now I’m just concentrating on my job,” the 22-year-old began, seemingly leaving the door open to a switch to Manchester.
Lazio expose Manchester United desperation; Red Devils bid €50m for South American attacker revealed
Ex-Liverpool playmaker urges Manchester United to back under-pressure van Gaal despite Mourinho availability
Liverpool eye January transfer for international winger; Klopp wants compatriot at Anfield