"We want to build a Planetary Nervous System"
26 June 2011
Interview with Dirk Helbing, Chair of Sociology, ETH Zürich, Switzerland
Prof.Dr. Dirk Helbing, Chair of Sociology, in particular of Modeling and Simulation, at ETH Zürich, the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (in German: Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich), Switzerland
1. As Scientific Coordinator, you are one of the main driving forces behind FuturICT, one of Europe’s Future and Emerging Technologies (FET) Flagship Pilot research initiatives. This is one of the most ambitious, comprehensive, timely and revolutionary scientific efforts ever attempted. In the context of the communication and socio-economic challenges faced by humanity in the 21st Century, what can you highlight about the visionary goals of this enterprise?
Humanity has invested billions to reveal the forces of nature using large particle colliders. Today, we can send men to the moon, but financial crises, terrorism, global environmental change and other problems suggest that we need to pay more attention to what is happening on Earth.
The majority of pressing problems in our world, such as economic instability, wars and disease spreading, are related to human behaviour and the dense interconnectedness of our society. Human knowledge of how society and the economy work, however, has serious gaps. We also do not truly understand the relationship between society and the globally pervasive technological system connecting us. It is imperative that we prioritise closing these knowledge gaps, to help us mitigate future crises.
To achieve this, we believe that a large-scale scientific effort such as FuturICT is needed to bring the top researchers from the social, computational, natural, and engineering sciences together. By combining expertise from across these fields, we hope to open up the doors to a new understanding of society’s behaviour, and how we can best manage our connected social and technological world in a sustainable manner.
2. Some of the objectives stated by FuturICT seem to belong to the realm of science fiction for the everyman, what concrete examples resulting from FuturICT can you give of real life developments to be experienced by the lay user? Broadly, what are the specific societal and economic leverage effects pursued by FuturICT?
This project is indeed unprecedented. But it has already succeeded in uniting researchers across a wide range of disciplines to work together towards this ambitious goal, and therefore has the potential to make advances which have not been possible before.
We are planning to create interconnected Observatories to explore possible crises and opportunities relating to our financial and economic system, the social system, health, environment, and so on. These observatories will, for example, detect advance warning signs by mining large amounts of system-relevant data. They will allow citizens and policy makers to explore policy options and their possible impacts, including undesirable side effects that should be avoided. We believe that, in many cases, systemic crises could be prevented or mitigated if our responses were quicker and we had the right technologies to support the assessment of complex systems with their often counter-intuitive behavior.
In the past, we have been quite successful in developing new approaches to avoid crowd disasters, for example. We are confident that we will be able to identify impending conflicts, make short-term forecasts for disease spreading (based on recent discoveries in network theory), contribute to a more resilient financial architecture, and create more sustainable system designs – all for the benefit of the average person.
FuturICT will also create new socio-inspired information and communication systems and participatory platforms. Everybody will be able to benefit from these new technologies (in a similar way as most people are using the internet and mobile phones today). The economic potential of these innovations can be estimated by looking at the huge value of social networking companies.
3. This project would attempt to build a planetary scale supercomputer to be known as “Living Earth Platform”. What would be the workings and functions of such a device and how would its operation impact on key social concepts currently associated with the Internet, such as pervasive and ubiquitous access to and exchange of information?
FuturICT plans to do the following: Just like the CERN, which studies the forces that keep our physical world together, the FuturICT Knowledge Accelerator will study the principles that keep a social system together. This will be crucial also for the proper design of future ICT systems, as they are socially interactive systems as well: they are made up of billions of interacting, intelligent, and partially autonomously acting components (such as computers, smartphones, their users, etc.). Since our society has become largely dependent on ICT systems, their stability and reliability has become absolutely crucial – but is not at all guaranteed in the way they are currently designed. In fact, it is known that increasing the density of networking can destabilize systems requiring cooperative behavior. Systemic breakdowns, cybercrime and cyberwar are problems that have become virulent indeed. At the same time, social features such as self-organization, adaptiveness, emergent cooperation, social norms, cultures and community formation are attractive features for ICT systems. “Trust” is just one example of a hardly understood, but crucial property of social systems – and ICT systems as well.
FuturICT will, therefore, create sustainable, socio-inspired technologies – ICT systems that self-organize and socially adapt to users, their respective contexts, and to individual and collective needs. It will create a Living Earth Platform, which includes mainly three levels: the techno-socio-economic “flight simulator” (also called “Living Earth Simulator”), a “Planetary Nervous System”, and a Global Participatory Platform. The simulator will require the development of interactive decentralized supercomputing that scales up to global-level systems and allows one to study the impact of different possible decisions, i.e. to explore various future scenarios at different degrees of detail, employing a variety of perspectives and methods (such as agent-based simulations, where agents are sophisticated and equipped with cognitive features). This requires us to establish a World of Modeling – an open platform comparable to an app-store, where scientists and developers can provide theoretically informed and empirically validated modeling components that map parts of our real world. It also needs a coupling with huge amounts of data, which will become available by integrating various data sources coming from online surveys, web and lab experiments, and from large-scale data mining.
This is, where the Planetary Nervous System comes in – and the need for a new data science, a “social information theory” that allows us to understand when and how new knowledge is created from existing pieces of information. The Planetary Nervous System can be imagined as a global sensor network, where sensors mean everything that provides data about techno-socio-economic-environmental systems in real-time (including the internet).
The massive amounts of data produced will also enable one to calibrate and validate models of techno-socio-economic systems, and even to extract suitable models in a data-driven way, guided by theoretical knowledge. Note, however, that FuturICT is not interested in tracking individual behavior. It rather wants to understand the macroscopic interdependencies resulting from social interactions. In fact, FuturICT will promote the development of a trusted web and of privacy-respecting data mining technologies that give users back control over their data. FuturICT wants to benefit society and not control it. Therefore, FuturICT will also have a strong research focus on ethical issues, and it is committed to informing the public about the use of socio-economic data and to counter-acting misuse of data and ICT.
Furthermore, FuturICT will build a Global Participatory Platform that promotes the communication, coordination, cooperation of people, and their social, economic and political participation beyond what eGovernance platforms offer today. In fact, FuturICT will create opportunities to reduce the strict separation between users and providers, customers and producers etc., facilitating a participation in industrial and social value generation chains. Leveraging Wikipedia’s success principle, FuturICT will help societies to use the knowledge and creativity of multiple minds much better than we can do it today. The Participatory Platform will also craft populated virtual worlds very much alike our real world, but with the possibility to create variants of them. In other words, through serious multi-player online games, we will be able to explore possible futures – not only different designs of shopping malls, airports, or city centers, but also different financial architectures or voting systems.
4. Within the main project, what is the role of work package 3 “Designing an Innovation Accelerator” for which you are responsible?
The Innovation Accelerator will develop methods to support the collaboration in large-scale projects, i.e., many experts distributed across different regions and disciplines working towards one joint goal. In this way, we are addressing one of the key challenges of forming a successful Flagship project head on.
Specifically, we will pursue new approaches to support the communication and flexible coordination in large-scale projects, co-creation and quality assessment. We will also develop new methods to identify new trends and innovations early on. We expect these methods to be of great value in the business world too.
The umbrella concept of the whole FuturICT project is that of the Knowledge Accelerator. By bringing leaders from the social, computational, natural, and engineering sciences together in order to work towards a common goal, we aim to vastly accelerate progress in our ability to understand socially interactive systems and how to manage them in a resilient and sustainable way.
5. Do you believe that science is the answer to the pressing need to find a solution to the challenges threatening the sustainability of life on Earth?
Designing sustainable systems and better understanding the interaction in and between technological, social, economic and environmental systems is certainly very pressing.
We have made vast progress in our understanding of our physical world. Extensive mathematical models describe its operation in exquisite detail. Such scientific understanding has advanced our ability to create new technology to improve our day-to-day lives.
In turn, the FuturICT project will provide us with novel and powerful tools to address , social, economic, environmental and health-related issues that humanity faces. A better understanding of the hidden laws and processes underlying societies will certainly enable us to find better solution approaches.
6. The concept of Internet Science is characterized by its multi-disciplinary nature (going beyond computer science and engineering to include scientific expertise from economics, sociology, physics, biology, psychology, etc.) and scale (e.g., dealing not with one node but million/billion nodes). How does the topic of Institute IMDEA Networks’ 3rd Annual International Workshop: Internet Science in which you were participating, fall within the scope of the FuturICT Flagship endeavour?
The Internet plays a central role in our project, both as basis for the Global Participatory Platform we are planning to create and also to provide us with data that help us understand socio-economic activities and their interdependencies on a macroscopic scale.
In fact, the Web is becoming an increasingly rich data repository. Part of the drive for this project is to maximise the usefulness of these data for society as a whole. Industry is already making use of big data to inform business strategies and increase profits. FuturICT will examine how these data can be utilised to address problems that society faces as a whole, from economic, health and environmental crises, to determining which policy decisions will support us most in moving towards a more sustainable and resilient society. The FuturICT project will seek to better understand the relationship between society and the technological systems which connect us and pervade our world. This will help us design more resilient systems, less likely to cause societal crises through sudden failure or other unexpected behaviour.
Note that FuturICT is not interested in tracking individual behavior. It rather wants to understand the macroscopic interdependencies resulting from social interactions. In fact, FuturICT will promote the development of a trusted web and of privacy-respecting data mining technologies that give users back control over their data. FuturICT wants to benefit society and not control it. Therefore, FuturICT will also have a strong research focus on ethical issues, and it is committed to informing the public about the use of socio-economic data and to counter-acting misuse of data and ICT.
7. What is your vision for exciting future research in this area?
Our vision is multi-faceted. On a scientific front, the large amounts of data now becoming available from a wide range of sources mean that we are finally in a position to vastly increase our understanding of the principles which underlie society’s behaviour. On a policy front, we will develop ground breaking tools for detecting warning signs of social crises, and exploring the possible outcomes of applying different policies. On the technology front, we will use our new understanding of society’s behaviour to create socio-inspired technologies with features such as self-organization, adaptiveness, emergent cooperation, social norms, cultures and community formation. Moreover, as pointed out before, we want to build a Planetary Nervous System. Such an infrastructure will allow one to do reality mining on a global scale and to measure the socio-economic-environmental footprint of human actions, i.e. to create a greater awareness of the possible implications of human decision-making. This will result in better tools to increase human well-being than the gross national product is today.
8. In your opinion, how has the Internet affected social life on Earth?
The Internet has had an unprecedented effect on information flow between members of our global society. It is of course now pervasive, with the proliferance of personal Internet-enabled devices, and the growing extent to which we are instrumenting everyday objects and connecting them to the Internet. Many of the core systems supporting society, such as our transport network, our power network, our financial system, are all fully reliant on technological connectivity.
In spite of this, one does not fully understand the relationship between our society and this globally connected technological system. FuturICT aims to increase our understanding of the ways in which failures in this system could cause problems for our society, and also to explore the opportunities arising from a greater understanding of society. This will allow us to create globally connected systems which are responsive and adaptive to society’s needs and resources, and which are resilient and sustainable.
Source(s): IMDEA Networks Institute


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Edlesborough Mill, Edlesborough
At Domesday there were two mills in Edlesborough. The mill site is just within the county boundary, and when visited by Stanley Freese was standing disused, the iron waterwheel having been broken up some years beforehand.
|River||Tributary to Ouzel|
|Country||England, United Kingdom|
|NGR||SP 983 192|
- Farley, Michael, County Museum Archaeological Group, "Buckinghamshire Watermills" (Records of Bucks, 24, 1982)
- Farley, Michael, Edward Legg and James Venn (Ed), The Watermills of Buckinghamshire: A 1930s account by Stanley Freese with original photographs (Buckinghamshire Archaeological Society, 2007)
Missing information? Click here to tell us about this mill.

domain: geography


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Tour 2014 - Brad, Ledley, Paul meet fans in Toronto
23 July 2014|Tottenham Hotspur
Local favourite Paul Stalteri joined Brad Friedel and Ledley King for our Supporters Evening in Toronto on Tuesday night.
Fans packed into the impressive Real Sports Bar & Grill with the Question & Answer session beamed out on a huge video screen to fans on two tiers.
Former Canadian international captain Paul, capped 84 times by his country and now a Toronto resident, played 56 times for us between 2005-2008 and was asked about his time at Spurs, Canadian football and his life after the game - and not forgetting that goal at West Ham in 2007!
The players answered questions for an hour before presenting Canada Spurs chairman John McClelland with a new signed home shirt and then signing autographs for everyone.
The evening was also attended the family of our late, great title-winning manager Arthur Rowe - including his son Graham, grandson Duncan and great-granddaughter Amy.
Arthur led us to the First Division title in 1951 and pioneered the famous 'push and run' style of play. His family is based in North America and Amy has recently been awarded a soccer scholarship at the University of Louisiana-Monroe in Monroe, Louisiana.
Below: Ledley, Paul and Brad on the huge screen at Real Sports

domain: news


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With Netflix thrashing flamboyantly around the TV landscape like a proverbial bull in a China shop, it's perhaps no surprise that the streaming service's true power piques curiosity in the industry.
"Someone Else Is Going To Have To Slow Down"
The man who fired those shots, Chief content officer Ted Sarandos, joined the "Too Much TV" debate by revealing the sheer magnitude of the company. EW reports that, during the Television Critics Association’s press tour, he said:
“We don’t think there’s too much TV. And if there is too much TV, someone else is going to have to slow down, because we have big plans for 2016 and beyond.”
It's confident talk from Ted, which is justified by the figures. With 70 million subscribers stretching across 190 countries, the content powerhouse can afford to splash out.
And They Are Splashing Out... $6 BILLION In 2016 Alone
The investment gives some indication of Netflix's true size. The $6 billion will include 600 hours of original programming pumped into their library to please the varied demographic. This includes a mixture of original programming and acquisitions. Sarandos explained:
“We are running a global network. One that is not easily comparable either in business or cultural terms.
"We’re not courting advertisers, because we’re not targeting a single demographic.”
The news is certainly contrary to the recent debate surrounding television content, instigated by FX chief John Landgraf claiming there was too much TV. Last year alone, there were more than 400 scripted shows.
Landgraf believes 2016 will see a peak in television, before an inevitable decline. However, if Netflix has any say in the matter, the meteoric rise of television has only just begun.
To Put The Spending In Perspective, What Do Shows Cost?
1. 'House of Cards' - $100 Million For Two Seasons ($3.8 Million Per Episode)
Netflix could buy: 60 Seasons
2. 'Game of Thrones' - $6 Million Per Episode
Netflix could buy: 1,000 episodes
3. 'Rome' - $9 Million Per Episode
Netflix could buy: 666.6666666667 episodes
4. 'Beasts of No Nation' - $6 Million Budget
Netflix could buy: 1,000 sequels
5. 'The Ridiculous 6' - $60 Million
Netflix could buy: 100 sequels


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Red Satin Glass Gone with the Wind Lamp. The 10.5 inch diameter shade and matching base are embossed with designs of roses; has a pierced decorated brass base and font. The lamp is electrified. Dimensions: base - 26.5 in. high; shade - 9 in. diameter. Weight: 9.80 lbs.
|Price Realized: $100.00|

domain: artistic


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But this narrow fixation on ritualistic murder — a lurid gloss on a complex, shifting theology — obscures a great deal about the Maya and their gods. While the macabre undeniably played a part in this spirituality, it was only a small portion of a larger, dynamic belief system still held by Maya people today.
Earlier Maya civilization, as historians understand it, was deeply influenced by religion. Maya cities like Tikal and Chichen Itza, in modern day Guatemala and Mexico, respectively, contain massive stone temples where important rituals would take place. Ceremonies and observances honoring or appealing to their deities were interwoven throughout the year, and their rulers were seen as important intermediaries to the gods.
This Maya culture also saw the physical world as intimately interwoven with the spiritual one. As with the ancient Greeks, their many gods were seen as beings who once walked among their people, and who created (or brought about the creation of) humans. Numerous deities populated the Maya pantheon, including gods for physical elements like rain and demigod-like heroes who fought for the good of humanity.
It’s important to remember, too, that Maya religion was not always the same across different time periods or regions. Based on differences in deities carved into stone or adorning temples, it seems likely that different Maya city-states held slightly different beliefs. And today, hundreds of years after the Spanish came to the New World, Maya people in Central America and Mexico practice a religion that draws from these traditional beliefs as well as Christianity.
The Many Maya Deities
We know about Maya religion today from a number of sources. This includes information from Maya glyphs, artwork, surviving Maya texts like the Dresden Codex, later works like the Popol Vuh and Maya people who still observe traditional religious ceremonies. Collectively, these sources reveal shifts and variations in Maya belief.
Even during the Maya Classic period, the heyday of this civilization during the first millennium A.D., Maya theology likely varied from place to place. The civilization consisted of a number of disparate city-states, rather than a single, unified empire. As such, religious beliefs and deities seem to have differed somewhat. Glyphs showing gods, for example, vary from place to place and time to time. But there are broad similarities, including a number of major gods and religious observances and beliefs.
To appreciate the theology, you must consider how Maya people generally viewed the world. The physical and spiritual realms were intimately interwoven with each other, writes archaeologist and Maya scholar Stephen Houston. This often meant that things we might view as simple representations of concepts were far more real. Statues of gods were actually gods. Buildings needed to be fed. Planting corn and building houses were rituals.
“For them, religion was not a matter apart from everyday life, but rather one that explained it, undergirded it, enveloped it and provided an idiom for appropriate behavior,” Houston writes. In other words, to them, the gods were simply another part of their world.
A depiction of Chaac, the ancient Maya rain god. (Credit: Justin Kerr/Wikimedia Commons)
The Maya had many gods, both major and minor. Prominent among these were deities that corresponded to elemental aspects of Maya life: Chaac, the rain god, K’inich Ajaw, the Sun god, Ix Chel, the goddess of medicine and fertility. Itzamna was the god of creation, considered by the Yucatec Maya to be the first priest, who invented writing and books and divided the lands among the people. An elderly god known as Pauahtun was often portrayed as four different aspects, each of which held up a corner of the sky. Additionally, Maya gods often took the form of jaguars, such as the fearsome lord of the night sun, a god of the underworld.
Here, the Maya maize god is shown as a scribe. (Credit: University of Virginia Art Museum/Wikimedia Commons)
The maize god, who may have been called Hun Hunahpu, also featured prominently in Maya theology, often with a shaved scalp and leaves of corn growing from his head. Versions of these gods appear throughout Maya culture, though they are sometimes represented slightly differently, and may have fit into Maya theology in different ways at different times.
There is also the story of the hero twins, Hunahpu and Xbalanque, known largely from the Popol Vuh, a text of Maya beliefs and myths written after the Spanish conquered the Maya. It’s not clear whether the twins were gods themselves, or perhaps simply beings with powers beyond that of mortals. The twins were said to have killed the monster bird Vucub Caquix, who ruled over the world preceding ours.
Along with the major gods, Maya religious beliefs also involved numerous minor deities. Some scholars have suggested these lesser beings may have been associated with specific places or dynasties, and they disappeared from the Maya consciousness when, for example, a new ruler was crowned.
Gods Walking Among Men
In keeping with the their conception of the intertwined spiritual and material worlds, the Maya conceived of their gods as real, physical beings. As with the ancient Greeks, many of the gods’ exploits were said to have occurred far in the past, and these stories often served to help explain aspects of our world today. But people could still plead and bargain with these gods.
The specific ceremonies and rituals the Maya observed likely varied, but they were often regulated by the Maya calendar, which was based on astronomical observations and split into two years of different lengths. The 260-day tzolk’in calendar and its 365-day counterpart, haab, dictated when various ceremonies took place, as well as yearly agricultural events.
Maya ceremonies often included dancing, usually involving the rulers who were called upon to intercede with the gods on their people’s behalf. Evidence indicates that royals would sometimes wear face masks representing the gods during these ceremonies.
At other times, the Maya would take a more direct approach to their requests. One scholar recounts an example of effigies of certain gods being hung upside down — the goal being to convince uncooperative deities to play nice. It’s an example, Houston says, of the Maya conception of the gods as real beings, both supernatural and bound by physical constraints like we are.
But this relationship cut both ways. Because the gods were real, Houston writes that the Maya also saw them as needing regular sustenance. This is where sacrificial ceremonies had their place.
Feeding the Deities
Not every ceremony involved blood or death. Offerings often consisted of food or incense, accompanied by the ceremonial ministrations of a priest. But, in some cases, blood was called for. This would often take the form of ritual mutilation, carried out by the rulers on behalf of their people.
There’s a good deal of evidence that Maya kings would cut or pierce themselves, with bone awls, stone blades and even the spines of stingrays to draw blood as an offering to the gods. And, in some cases, the Maya would sacrifice the lives of their people to appease these gods.
The sacrifices weren’t driven by an affinity for murder; as the Maya understood it, the offerings were essential to their continued well-being, says Houston. The gods, who controlled crucial aspects of their lives like rainfall and crop growth, needed occasional appeasement or sustenance in order to do their jobs. Sacrifices, even deadly ones, were simply part of the relationship between the gods and the Maya people.

domain: library


For Immediate Release
January 13, 2021
SC Env Hero Sen Weinberg – Retires
Senate Majority Leader Loretta Weinberg (D-37) has announced her retirement from the state senate at the end of her current term. She has been a New Jersey Senator since 2005 and Senate Majority Leader since 1012. During her time in the NJ Legislature, Senator Weinberg has championed critical legislation to protect Environmental Justice communities, reform NJ Transit, protect the people of New Jersey from Bakken crude oil trains, and hold polluters accountable. She was also vocal in opposing the NJ Transit Meadowlands power plant and expanding access to public records. Jeff Tittel, Director of the New Jersey Sierra Club, released the following statement:
“Senator Weinberg has been an environmental champion in the New Jersey Legislature for nearly 30 years. She has stood up against special interests and for environmental protections. She has fought to protect clean air, clean water, and the environment for decades. She has stood with us and has been willing to stand up to her own party to do what’s right. Not only will Senator Weinberg be missed, she is irreplaceable.
“From opposing the Xanadu Mall to fighting the Meadowlands power plant, Senator Weinberg has shown true environmental leadership. She fought for legislation to protect the people of New Jersey from dangerous bomb trains carrying Bakken crude oil. She also supported legislation to protect Environmental Justice communities and hold polluters accountable. She has worked to protect the Highlands, promote renewable energy and clean transportation, and even stood up to her own leadership and Governor in opposing the Fast Track Law.
“NJ Transit has been a disaster for commuters, and Senator Weinberg worked tirelessly to try to reform the agency. Not only has she worked on legislation to help restore NJ Transit to the agency it once was, but she also opposed the proposed NJ Transit natural gas power plant in the Meadowlands. Thanks to her efforts, the power plant has been canceled. Senator Weinberg also has a bill currently in the Legislature that would increase transparency and accountability for NJ Transit, which will help allow for a more open process.
“I have enjoyed working with Senator Weinberg over the years on many different issues. She has stopped bad bills many times over the decades while pushing through some of the most important environmental legislation. Her leadership on environmental and public health and safety issues have affected our everyday lives for the better. Not only has she been an environmental leader, but she has been a champion for women’s rights and the LGBTQ community. We hope that her replacement will have the same environmental record and will be the same environmental champion for the people of this district. When it comes to clean air, clean water, and the environment it will be hard to replace her.”


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Local Maryland woman sentenced to 46 months in prison in fraud case
BALTIMORE — A Hagerstown woman convicted in May of bankruptcy fraud and other charges was sentenced Friday in U.S. District Court to 46 months in prison and ordered to pay $425,000 in restitution.
Olusola Idowu, 57, was sentenced by District Judge Marvin J. Garbis on charges of wire and bankruptcy fraud, making false statements in a bankruptcy proceeding, filing a false tax return and failing to file a corporate tax return, according to a statement from the office of the United States Attorney for the District of Maryland.
Idowu had been convicted in May following a five-day jury trial.
Idowu was the owner and president of SSS Nutrition & Dietetic Care Services, which specialized in a weight management program. Between November 2003 and December 2008, Idowu made false representations to financial companies to obtain mortgage loans and lied to and concealed information from the U.S. Bankruptcy Court regarding her 2003 Chapter 13 bankruptcy petition, the statement said.
In May 2004, the bankruptcy court granted Idowu’s request to have the bankruptcy petition dismissed. The following month, she received a $400,000 loan for a house on Sani Lane in Hagerstown, falsely claiming her son was a nutritionist for her company, that he made $10,000 a month and that he had $100,000 in a bank account, the statement said.
On June 29, 2004, she obtained an order vacating the May 18, 2004, order that had dismissed the bankruptcy petition, the statement said. In September 2004, she falsely testified in U.S. Bankruptcy Court that she had filed business taxes for the years 2000 through 2003 when she had not, the statement said.
Idowu continued, however, to get sizable loans during 2004 and 2005, including one for $512,550, to refinance her home, claiming that her son was an employee earning $11,120 a month with $138,000 in the bank, the statement said.
In 2006, Idowu filed a 2005 individual income tax return claiming her son as a dependent and reporting a total income of $19,000, while evidence showed her income was substantially higher, the statement said.
Published on 02/09/2010 12:50:15

domain: law


Manufacturer: Brother Industries, Ltd.
Caution Level: Safe
Download File Size: 0.05 MB
Operating System: Windows 95, Windows 98, Windows ME, Windows NT, Windows 2000, Windows XP, Mac OX 8.x - 9.x, Mac OS X 10.1 or higher
Latest Version / Release Date: A / 25 Mar 2005
Designed with laser printing, laser faxing, and digital copying technology, the Brother FAX-2850 can function either as a standalone device with a telephone handset or as an attached hardware component of a host computer system. It is supported by a mono laser engine that allows for printing speed of up to 14 pages per minute and an execution of a communication connection of 14.4 kilobits per second for fax operations. It is capable of applying a maximum resolution of 600 by 600 dots per inch for its various output capacities. The device driver supports the other feature sets that have been built into the hardware component including speed and group dial. The automatic document feeder is supported by a 250 sheet paper capacity to allow for continuous operation with minimal user intervention. The role of the device driver of the Brother FAX-2850 is to ensure that quality of performance is maintained regardless whether it is used as a standalone or as an attached hardware component.
Unless you update your drivers regularly you may face hardware performance issues.
To check your drivers you should manually verify every device on your system for driver updates
The device driver also provides the host computer system with access to the internal 8 MB printing memory of the supported hardware component. This internal memory module allows for the storage of up to 400 pages of processed information that can be printed or faxed on demand. This means that even if the Brother FAX-2850 is deployed in a high traffic computer network environment there is minimal bottleneck in terms of print job requests. Essentially part of the role of the device driver is to make sure that all print job requests are properly queued and loaded into the device memory when necessary. Additional print job requests that exceed the 400 pages capacity of the hardware memory can also be queued up by the underlying operating system in conjunction with the device driver. In this context it may operate similar to batch processing tasks based on the limitations of its built-in memory module. The support for fast dial features allows the computer user to immediately send out documents via fax messaging from within software applications. It is highly recommended you run a free registry scan for and Brother FAX-2850 errors before installing any driver updates.


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Art in Bridgeport will be covered in full detail for you today and our opening section will discuss the best art galleries and museums near you.
After that we will get into a variety of other topics like local art supply stores, events, festivals, dealers, appraisers, walking tours, sculptures and statues, art classes, studios for rent, and the top frame shops in your area.
If you are after any specific section you can jump straight to it using the table of contents on the left and we are also including a Bridgeport art map with all of the various places we mention throughout the post pinned on it.
We have written quite a few Northeast art guides which you can look through at that link if interested.
Best Art Galleries & Museums In Bridgeport
The best art galleries and museums in Bridgeport would be:
- Housatonic Museum of Art at 900 Lafayette Blvd
- Nest Arts Factory at 1720 Fairfield Ave
- City Lights Gallery at 265 Golden Hill St
- The Knowlton at 305 Knowlton St
- Schelfhaudt Gallery at 84 Iranistan Ave
- Read’s Artspace Gallery at 1042 Broad St
- Ursa at 1001 Main St #23
- The Firm Art Gallery at 17 Lafayette Cir
- Stamford Museum & Nature Center at 39 Scofieldtown Rd, Stamford
- Center For Contemporary Printmaking at 299 West Ave #4002, Norwalk
- Sono Fine Art Gallery at 50 Water St S, Norwalk
The Housatonic Museum of Art (HMA) is home to one of the best college art collections in the country and you can check it all out starting at 8:30am on weekdays and 9am on Saturday. The HMA collection allows scholars and the general public to view works from the ancient to the modern periods of art history while Africa, Oceania, and the Americas are represented as are prominent modern artists like Jeff Koons, Cindy Sherman, Jenny Holzer, and Felix Gonzalez-Torres to mention a few. If you want to find out about some new up and coming artists check out their Annual Regional High School Art Show in April.
In a redesigned factory building you will find Nest Arts Factory which houses artist and musician studios as well as an art gallery. Knitting machines were replaced by artist easels and sketching desks as the area became the new Nest which was originally a piano factory and then the home of Aerosol Techniques which was the first hair spray.
The Bridgeport Arts and Cultural Council’s foundation is built on the ability to create, curate, and collaborate by empowering local artists, sparking conversation, developing leadership, promoting cultural expression, providing funds, spreading municipal pride, and acting as a catalyst for innovation.
Dan Makara founded the first City Lights on Fairfield Avenue 35 years ago and the second City Lights which you may know about was started in 2004 by downtown visionary Philip Kuchma as a method to give artists in your area on-the-street exposure while also attracting visitors. They are open on Wednesday through Saturday and on the last two Saturdays of each month they host popular art classes and workshops plus they are part of the annual Bridgeport Art Trail every year before Veteran’s Day.
The Armstrong Gallery at The Knowlton is a privately run art facility that hosts monthly shows, discussions, live performances, and other cultural activities. It can also be rented for private events, product launches, meetings, movies, bridal showers, birthday parties, engagement parties, cocktail parties, outside artists, and fashion displays.
The Schelfhaudt Gallery is open from 10am to 5pm Monday through Friday and starting at noon on Saturday as a spacious modern display space in the Arnold Bernhard Center on the UB main campus. They also host the TDC competition held every Fall and Winter that is definitely worth checking out.
You can expect to find a modern framework for thinking about the artist as a link to a collection of continually shifting identities at Read’s Artspace Gallery where themes of context, meaning, and time are explored through painting, sculpture, digital, collage, video, 3D fabrication, and other media.
The Stamford Museum & Nature Center (SM&NC) is open from 9am to 5pm daily and is committed to preserving and interpreting art, natural and agricultural sciences, and history. You will find more than 20,000 pieces in the collection at the Stamford Museum and you should definitely head over on one of their night out events.
The Center for Contemporary Printmaking (CCP) is a non-profit committed to the art of printmaking including intaglio, lithography, monotype, silkscreen, woodblock printing, paper works, books, and digital arts. Workshops, edition printing with master printers, exhibitions, community activities, and an artist-in-residence program are all available to explore the complete spectrum of printmaking skills.
Sono Fine Art is the result of almost 50 years of curating the best in contemporary art while being housed in historic South Norwalk with bamboo flooring, brick walls, and high ceilings. Just don’t go on Monday or Tuesday because the doors will be closed, they usually open at 10am the rest of the week except for Sunday when you can head over at noon.
Materials & Supplies Near You
These art stores are good places to buy new supplies or materials:
- Michaels at 4543 Main St
- Dollar Tree at 570 Pequannock St
- Michaels at 2233 Summer St, Stamford
- Jerry’s Artarama at 360 Main Ave, Norwalk
Jerry’s Artarama over in Norwalk offers high-quality art supplies from around the world at a reasonable price.
You probably already know what the Michaels in your area has to offer, and if you just want to buy cheap basic art supplies near you Dollar Tree might have what you need.
Shows & Events
The Bridgeport Art Trail is a citywide open house for local arts venues that takes place every November. The climax is the city-wide open studio and arts celebration weekend that goes down just before Veteran’s Day.
Be sure to look into the Downtown Stamford Art Walk that we will be mentioning in an upcoming section too.
Art Dealers & Appraisers
Art dealers and appraisers near you are places to find new unique pieces or learn the value of something you already own:
- Black Rock Galleries at 1720 Fairfield Ave
- Picture That Art Consultants at 1266 E Main St #700r, Stamford
- Gordon Fine Arts at 100 Greyrock Pl F215, Stamford
Black Rock Galleries specializes in excellent personal property and estate furnishings, antiques, art, home décor, and more from the best mansions and estates on the East Coast and in Texas.
Founded in 2002 and headquartered in Stamford Picture That Art Consulting Firm excels at acquiring framed artwork for venues plus the company also offers art consultation, valuation, collection management, and curatorial services to corporations, healthcare organizations, and academic institutions around the country.
Gordon Fine Arts honors artists David E. Gordon and Sue Brown Gordon whose enormous painted paintings depict colorful flowering poppy fields and tree forms evoking a Tuscan countryside with a gentle but graphic edge. Ink washes, acrylic, pencil, and oil are applied to the board and canvas with cloth, wire brushes, and hands.
Nest Arts Factory, City Lights Gallery, and The Firm Gallery from our main list also sell art in your area.
If the weather is nice go enjoy some great local art on a walking tour:
Artwalk In Stamford is a beautiful evening where art receptions, live music, dance workshops, art demonstrations, and children’s art activities takes place. This free event will include over 100 artists with the majority of the artwork on display available for purchase.
You can learn about all of the magnificent public art that the Sono Art Walking Tour has to offer as it is guided by art students and professors.
Our next topic will suggest that Seaside Park is another good place to walk around to find creative things.
Sculptures & Statues
There are some really nice sculptures around town like:
- PT Barnum Statue at Seaside Park
- Soldiers Monument at Seaside Park
- Statue of Elias Howe at Seaside Park
- Captured at 200 First Stamford Pl, Stamford
As you can see Seaside Park is home to the PT Barnum Statue, Soldiers Monument, and the Statue of Elias Howe all of which have been in Bridgeport since the late 1800’s.
The PT Barnum Statue is sat on a chair positioned on a pedestal and facing Long Island Sound.
The Soldiers Monument consists of a massive granite base with various artistic components that narrows into a shaft topped by a bronze allegorical representation of the United States while the sides are adorned with bronze statues of an infantry man and a sailor and Melzar Mosman sculpted the three bronze sculptures.
Elias Howe, Jr. was a local manufacturer and Civil War hero that was honored with the first statue erected in Seaside Park. Salathiel Ellis sculpted the memorial as well as statues of Abraham Lincoln and portrait painter Gilbert Stuart.
Seward Johnson sculpted Captured which is a life-size sculpture depicting a lady reading a book on a bench in 2013.
Bridgeport Art Classes
Whether you are trying to find private lessons or group classes for kids, teens, or adults some of the best Bridgeport art schools can be found at:
- Bridgeport CT Center of The Arts at 789 Reservoir Ave
- Neighborhood Studios of Fairfield County at 391 E Washington Ave
- Loft Artists Association at 575 Pacific St, Stamford
- Pinot’s Palette at 25 Harbor Point Rd, Stamford
- Rowayton Arts Center at 45 Rowayton Ave, Norwalk
- The Eddie Niño Art School at 11 Splitrock Rd, Norwalk
Bridgeport Center of The Arts provides cheap full-time K-6th grade education, free 7th to 12th grade home-school co-ops, tutoring, dance, film, skateboarding, and theater workshops.
Patricia Hart was a musician who saw a need for music education for visually impaired children after gradually losing her own sight that created Neighborhood Studios in 1978 which provides high-quality art, music, theater, and dance instruction to children of all ages regardless of aptitude, background, or financial circumstances.
Through seminars, exhibitions, and activities open to the public the Rowayton Arts Center (RAC) promotes the study, creation, and appreciation of the arts in your area.
Eddie Nino Art School offers small lessons with a limit of six students providing a personal atmosphere in which students of all abilities study both fundamental and advanced ideas of drawing and painting.
The training approach at Pinot’s Palette gives you significant experience as well as the confidence to deal with any circumstance. For open-to-the-public studio events you must be at least 18 years old while children aged 13 and above are welcome if accompanied by an adult and their Little Brushes events are open to children aged 5 and up.
Local art classes are also available at other places we have mentioned like The Housatonic Museum, Stamford Museum, and City Lights Gallery.
Studios For Rent Near You
The Ground Floor Gallery at Reads Artspace at 1042 Broad Street is a private space on the first floor of Read’s Artspace Lofts which is a renovated live/work artist community located downtown.
Nest Arts Factory and the Center For Contemporary Printmaking who we have previously linked you to may also have studio space available.
When you need to find Bridgeport art framing head to:
- Thomas Del Spina Fine Frames at 67 Poland St
- Framemakers Picture Framing & Art Gallery at 3004 Fairfield Ave
- Art of Framing at 67 High Ridge Rd, Stamford
- Frame & Save at 596 Westport Ave, Norwalk
Thomas Del Spina Fine Frames provides museum-quality custom framing in your area for any size or shape artwork, print, or collectible.
For a custom frame business and gallery that features a monthly changing selection of unique works in oils, acrylics, watercolors, and sculpture contact Framemakers Picture Framing & Art Gallery.
At Art of Framing they have a huge selection of mouldings, pre-made art, presents, and other items and should be able to deliver and install whatever you get.
For almost 35 years Frame & Save has provided the finest in custom photo framing in Bridgeport.
Other places we have mentioned throughout the post like the City Lights Gallery, Michaels, Jerry’s Artarama, and Artists’ Market also offer framing services near you.
By the way we have also discussed the art scene in:
Have Fun Enjoying The Bridgeport Art Scene
Hopefully we did a fair enough job of covering the full art scene near you. The best local galleries, museums, events, shows, supply stores, dealers, appraisers, walking tours, sculptures, classes, studios, and framers that you may want to check out were covered in full detail.
Those who are still reading this probably love art as much as we do. If so our readers would really appreciate it if you could share your own tips or let us know if you think we got anything wrong in the comments.
We hope you enjoy your time at the best Bridgeport art galleries, museums, supply stores, or doing whatever else you plan to do with the info.


text: Thanks for the info.FXD-Tim said:I had a C1 and it had indentations in the foam for the speakers of my chatterbox headset. The mike was a bit difficult to mount. I had to take the neck band out to mount and then put it back in. I read somewhere that someone got some industrial strength double-sided tape for mounting the mike. The chatterbox web site has instructions for installing their headset in a Concept. I don't know if the C2 has the same indentations. As for noise, I wear earplugs. I like the soft wax style.

domain: hobby


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This makes it clear that each letter should be spoken. This means the pics have to be very strong and make the viewer curious and nervous about what he sees. This represents the core of your story.
Thanks for this hint! Rafael - Moebius is by Lars von Trier - a good reason to watch one of his films. We start with implementing rule 1, and go on until we reach 13? Elisabeth Meier 3 years ago Anything made before will be a silent film.
Avoid using symbols and abbreviations in dialogue. Writing a screenplay is about showing - not telling. The end then will explain everything. If your characters keep their true thoughts and feelings hidden, your story will have greater tension and emotional resonance.
Thank you all very much. Syd Field says in his excellent book "Screenplay": However, the most common way is to write the lines in English and enclose them in square brackets.
Some screenplays have however lots and lots of dialogues. Spice it up with slang and colloquialisms appropriate to their background. When writing dialogue in two columns to indicate simultaneous speeches, the left margin of the first dialogue column must be inset slightly.
When a character recites poetry or song lyrics, enclose the lines in quotes.
But the story shall be told just by the pictures. But that would have been too obvious. Just before Dirty Harry Callahan says these famous words, he comes in his usual cafe not knowing that the staff and customers are being robbed and silenced.
Check out lists of classics that were made before or around then. So I say it again, use movie dialogue sparingly.
It gets easier the more you do. Spell out numbers when they appear in dialogue. Then you can go back and smooth out the dialogue in the first part of the screenplay. This awesome video shows the importance of finding the "right" words. Do the same with your own screenplay.
Cartoons like Tom and Jerry, Road Runner, etc. It will be a contemporary film playing here and now. This is preferable to ending each line with a hard return, as it does not alter the dialogue margins. Some people say writing dialogue cannot be taught, you need an ear for that.
While there tends to be more flexibility when it comes to breaking description, the standard practice is to follow the same end-of-sentence rule. I always try first to tell a story in the cinematic way, through a succession of shots and bits of film in between An acronym such as F.Script Format: Dialogue.
When writing dialogue in two columns to indicate simultaneous speeches, the left margin of the first dialogue column must be inset slightly. but without the quotes) at the top of the next page, one space to the right of the character cue: If there are only a few lines in a foreign language, it may be simpler.
Once a script is purchased, it becomes a shooting script, also called a production script. This is a version of the screenplay created for film production.
It will include technical instructions, like film editing notes, shots, cuts and the like. Format; Characters. 11 Steps to Create a Character. killarney10mile.comter Descriptions; What a script!: Some people say writing dialogue cannot be taught, you need an ear for that.
You need to rewire your brain and think of your movie script as a silent movie. Read your screenplay without the dialogues and check how much of the story you can. Films Without Dialogue Would like to ask you if you could name me some films without any dialogue.
Maybe you know the title or a great script you read or even have a link. The script isn't very important.
Write down the action and description, structuring them as you would normally but without dialogue, and use storyboards to convey the idea. Jul 06, · How to Write Movie Scripts. Four Methods: Sample Scripts Getting Started Writing the Script Formatting the Script Community Q&A.
The world of film is extremely competitive. You may have the best movie idea of all time, but if your script isn’t formatted correctly, there’s a high chance it will never even get read%().Download


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What people are saying - Write a review
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A New Industrial Revolution
and it is occurring
Modern Civilization and Asia
8 other sections not shown
A. N. Whitehead ability advantage Africa armaments Asia authoritarian Britain British cent China Chinese cinema clothing common cooperation countries culture customs defence democracy democratic tradition depends dictatorship disease dominant duction East economic electrical Europe European example exist experience export force forms French Germany habits implies important increase India industrial revolution influence Italy J. A. Hobson Japan Kreutzer Sonata labor League leisure less machine Manchester Guardian markets mechanisms medieval ment mental merely methods modern civilization modern government modern mind modern world motor-car movement nations native nineteenth century nomic North America organization persons political population possible primitive problem production radio recent result Russia schools sense Similarly social effects society standard survival tendency tion tional to-day tropical areas Turkey United vote West Western Western world whole women workers

domain: sociology


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Video games have always been a favorite indoor exercise amongst kids of all age-groups. Not solely does working towards your expertise for creating games take a protracted whereas, working in designing the video games also takes up a number of time. The advanced tools have shortened the educational curve and made the game improvement a breeze. Character modeling for 3D video games – The characters created for 3D needs to carry distinctive character distinction.
As a basic rule, developers want to pay attention to the machine for which they’re creating games and incorporate features accordingly. Under I tried to list out in depth tips & tips developers can use to make effective and interesting these games.
When the game growth process has finally reached the point where it can be launched to the public, the developer is presented with yet one more selection- which market would the game be most visible in? In the games business, engineers are often folks with backgrounds in pc science or electrical engineering; they’re the wizards who rework the obscure goals of designers and artists into concrete mathematical representations.
Skilled developers have created programs such as the iPhone Dev Secrets course targeting people who have zero programming expertise, however still want to be part of this app craze! Whenever you zero in all the elements that make your app one-of-a-kind, it’s time to bounce onto the cellular app improvement bandwagon.
Because of this, Android game growth takes a substantial period of time as compared to iOS game improvement. They outsource their custom growth initiatives to offshore growth facilities that develop promotional video games. Online game builders use this for TV industrial studios and architectural visualization studios.

domain: game


text:
Figure 2: Improper practice - Poor housekeeping.
Figure 3: Work area kept clean of scrap debris.
Figure 4: Metal trees used to elevate hoses and cables over gangway.
Figure 5: Gangway kept clear for easy egress from vessel.
Cluttered work areas can lead to accidents and cause worker injuries, due to slips, trips, and falls, being struck by falling objects, impeded access to exit routes and firefighting equipment, and fires because of improper disposal of flammable or combustible materials such as rags, paper and cardboard).
Requirements and Example Solutions:
Good housekeeping conditions must be maintained at all times.
- Adequate aisles and passageways must be maintained in all work areas. [29 CFR 1915.91(a)] Passageways may be restricted or blocked by:
- Lines (electrical, air, gas)
- Ventilation ducts
- Welding leads
- Debris (scrap)
- Hose and electric conductors must be elevated over or placed under the walkway or working surfaces or be covered by adequate crossover planks. [29 CFR 1915.91(a)] See Figure 4.
- All working areas must be kept reasonably free of debris (scrap). [29 CFR 1915.91(b)]
- Material such as drums and pipes must be stacked as not to present a hazard to workers. [29 CFR 1915.91(b)]
- Means of egress must be maintained at all times to all exits and to all fire-alarm boxes or fire-extinguishing equipment. [29 CFR 1915.91(d)] See Figure 5.


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Boomerang is a Quirk used by an unnamed Ketsubutsu Academy student.
This Quirk seemingly allows one to change the trajectory of thrown objects. The projectiles also appear to get homing properties.
- Trajectory: Crescent Moon (軌道弦月 Kidō Gengetsu?): Hardened projectiles are thrown underground, where they travel in a curve towards the target while keeping their trajectory concealed from view.
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Boku no Hero Academia Manga: Chapter 104, Page 3
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Juba University students come face to face with mechanized farming at Green Horizon farm
Some confessed it was their first time to see Sukuma wiki (kale) and how it is grown.
By Paul Jimbo
When students of Juba University, School of Natural Resources and Environmental studies received news about a planned field trip, none could wild guess where the trip would be.
Field trips and assessment are part of Juba University’s mandatory students’ curriculum coverage before they get any green light to graduate.
This year, some 26 fourth-year students of the School of Natural Resources and Environmental Studies were picked to travel to an undisclosed location for their field trip.
To some, this sounded like a myth until the material day, July 25th, 2019 when the whole lot was bundled into the University bus and driven to a farm, several kilometres past Bilpham Military Headquarters.
They were taken to the famous Green Horizon farm, owned by Global Group South Sudan.
None of them had any field experience despite their four-year wealth of classroom acquired knowledge on agronomy.
The fourth year students visited the 100-hectares new land farm to learn various farming methods applicable in South Sudan including vegetable production through irrigation.
“We were very excited to see some ‘miracles’. It was our first time to come face to face with some farm machineries and this gave me a deeper understanding of mechanised farming,” says Gueth Ayom Luol, one of the students who visited the farm.
Green Horizon’s farm has nearly all agricultural crops including cereals, horticultural and several vegetables, he says.
“There is purely mechanized farming where different machinery is deployed to undertake different tasks from primary tillage to secondary tillage,” Luol says stretching his hands toward a wall portrait in our interview room.
He explains that Green Horizon farm has mobilised different equipment that can clear and till land, plant and harvest produce.
“The farm is well planned and to me, it was an experience I couldn’t believe ever existed in my country,” Luol says shaking his hands in surprise.
He admits that for the first time he learned that Okra, a vegetable is transplanted as opposed to what majority of local farmers do through direct seed sowing.
“They prepare a seedbed for the okra seedlings, which are later transplanted to a farm under drip irrigation, I couldn’t believe the massive acreage of land under okra,” Luol says.
Most students concurred that the experience at Green Horizon was just, “way too useful” to them, because the farm has an orchard where fruits like bananas and all types of fruits are grown.
“When we do practical lessons, we learn a lot, I had never seen Sukuma Wiki (Kale) for example and I saw it practically at the Green Horizon farm,” says Barnaba Barac Adhar, another student.
Naima Frazer Duku is among the only three female students in the male dominated class.
Naima exudes confidence that they have withered all mockery and discouraging remarks from people to reach their fourth-year of their studies.
“My father is a Mechanical Agricultural Engineer and he helped me in choosing my career. Whatever I saw at the Green Horizon farm is just so realistic, it encourages me that South Sudan has a great potential to feed itself,” she says.
Naima says the firm has invested heavily in mechanized farming and should be supported and protected to do more across the country.
“Food prices are high in South Sudan and Green Horizon is already defining the solutions that can sort out this situation,” she says clasping his fingers.
Naima says she witnessed several hectares of onions, tomatoes, kale, bananas and different species of vegetables and fruits including cucumber and French beans at the farm.
“It was lovely, I think they are doing a good job to help the people of South Sudan,” she says with a smile.
She urges the government to ensure peace prevails across the country so that South Sudanese can return to their homes and engage in farming.
“The country should train rural people on cereal, tubers, roots crops production. We should adopt a green revolution approach whereby we use hybrid seeds and environmentally friendly fertilizers,” Naima stresses.
Benjamin Mageu Ngong Ruai says Green Horizon’s is a model farm that should be replicated across the country.
“Green Horizon will be working with several out growers in rural set ups and the best news I heard is that they will buy the produce from farmers so marketing is not a farmer’s problem,” he says.
Mageu says the government should encourage local farmers through provision of incentives such as affordable fertilizers, subsidised seeds, and a policy where the youth are paid to work in farms.
“We have enough fertile land, I wish the youth are organized in groups so they can visit Green Horizon’s farm to learn modern farming methods instead of idling in Juba,” he says.
Mageu says most students and even farmers just understand mechanization in the theoretical context and should therefore have an opportunity to visit the Green Horizon farm to see and experience real practical farming methods.
“They have huge tractors, some I only watched on movies, they have combine harvesters, seed drillers for caving and planting, these are not myths but a reality,” he says.
The students concur that South Sudan cannot continue relying on traditional farming methods to fill the food deficit gap.
“We cannot continue using the ox plough and expect to feed our starving populations, we must embrace modern farming technology like Green Horizon has done,” they say.
The government is encouraging many investors to acquire land in South Sudan to produce food intended to ease the country’s food scarcity crisis, said Dr. Loro George Leju Lugor, the Director General of Agriculture Production and Extension Services.
“As we speak, three quarters of the country is going to be hit by famine because we have less food production. We don’t have farm under irrigation now, no, no commercial farm but we used to have them before the 2016 war,” Leju says.
However, the government has now put in place strategies to engage new commercial investors in large scale-food production to meet the high food deficit. The 2014 Drought and Flood Vision Comprehensive Agriculture Master Plan envision commercial production of food through local and foreign investors, Leju says.
This will include more research-based farming to ensure quality food production, he said.
“We have so far divided the country into six ecological zones to ensure food security. We have the Nile corridor, Eastern and Western flat places, Hills and Mountains, Semi-Arid areas and agro-ecological zones,” he says.
Leju says the government will also gazette land into agricultural lands and grazing lands for cattle, as well as national reserve forests throughout South Sudan.
The ministry is also currently rehabilitating the stalled farming machines, some of which were expensive, he says.
He says the fact that land belongs to the people provides opportunities for individuals, families and communities to become easy targets of land frauds in the country.
As far as the government plans to “massively invest in food production through investors,” “how they acquire land is not our business because there are people responsible for land matters,” Leju says.
South Sudan has great potential and capacity to feed its people through agriculture, agronomist Dr. Erneo B. Peter Tombe concurs with Dr Leju .
Dr Tombe is the National Project Coordinator, Global Group South Sudan and says Green Horizon is mandated to explore ways of ensuring food security in the country.
The Global Group, South Sudan signed an agreement with the National Government’s Ministry of Agriculture in November 2015. The firm has been contracted to produce food for the country, Dr. Tombe says.
“We have planned to establish farms in the former 10 states but due to insecurity, we only managed three states, thus Jonglei, Jubek and Torit where we have out growers who rely on seasonal rains to produce agricultural produces,” he says with confidence.
Dr Tombe said the country has a high potential of producing main food crops including maize, sorghum, rice, vegetables, millet and other grains.
“Are you aware that South Sudan can produce surplus food for export, leave alone to East Africa but even to America?, we currently produce some of these bananas and vegetables you see in the market.”
Dr Tombe further says that the Ministry of Agriculture has classified the country into different ecological zones.
These include Green Belt, Eastern Flat Plains, West Flat Plains, Nile Soboat Corridor, Iron Stone Plateau and the Hill, Arid and Semi-Arid and Mountain zones.
“These depend on the amount of rains each region receives, type of soil, water availability, topography and other factors,” Dr Tombe asserts.
He says the firm has been working very closely with identified local farmers in a project that aims to boost food production across all states.
“We provide them with extension services, we also support them with seeds and other farm implements and at the end of it all, we buy the produce from them, so they literally don’t have to worry about markets for their produces,” Dr Tombe said.
Yoash Zohar, Managing Director for Global Group South Sudan said the recent field visit by Juba University students to Green Horizon aimed at ensuring the country produces professional and practically trained personnel to tackle the current food crisis.
“We know for sure that some of these students will work with us in future as agricultural field extension workers and even specialists in different fields,” he says leaning back on his chair.
Yoash says Green Horizon has one major focus in South Sudan; ensure food security.
“That is our sole mandate and we carry it out in conjunction with the Ministry of Agriculture, ours is purely agriculture and that is the reason we would like to work with and empower rural farmers to increase food production through mechanized farming,” he says.
“We are doing so because we want them to acquire practical skills and knowledge that can boost food production in future. We will even hire some of them once they complete their studies,” said Yoash


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-Zayn announces he's leaving One Direction to "be a normal 22-year-old who is able to relax and have some private time out of the spotlight." He calls Louis, Liam, Harry and Niall his "four friends for life." One Direction confirms they will continue as a four-man group.Mar 25, 2016
One Direction. One Direction (commonly abbreviated as 1D) are an English-Irish pop boy band based in London, composed of Niall Horan, Liam Payne, Harry Styles, Louis Tomlinson, and Zayn Malik until the latter's departure on 25 March 2015.
· March 25, 2015 · After five incredible years Zayn Malik has decided to leave One. Direction. Niall, Harry, Liam and Louis will continue as a four-piece and look forward to the forthcoming concerts of their world tour and.
One Direction announced their hiatus in August 2015, five months after member Zayn Malik left the boy band in March of that year.Apr 18, 2017
One Direction Promises to Return at Final Concert Before Hiatus. One Direction onstage during their final show before hiatus at Sheffield Arena, Britain on Oct. 31, 2015. One Direction's last on-stage hoorah in Sheffield on Saturday night (Oct. 31) proved to be an emotionally bromantic one.Nov 2, 2015
TracksSongArtist(s)Writer(s)"Loved You First"One DirectionTebey Ottoh Julian Bunetta John Ryan Tommy Lee James"Magic"One DirectionRami Yacoub Carl Falk Savan Kotecha"Midnight Memories"One DirectionJamie Scott Julian Bunetta John Ryan Liam Payne Louis Tomlinson"Moments"One DirectionEd Sheeran Si Hulbert51 more rows

domain: celebrity


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Buildings, Parking and Grounds
LAU boasts state-of-the-art buildings and facilities. All construction and renovation projects are designed to be energy efficient and to reduce environmental impact.
Parking Facilities are available on both LAU campuses, and provide the community with safe and sustainable parking spaces.
Facilities Management maintains LAU’s campuses, providing the community with an attractive, enjoyable, safe and sustainable environment.

domain: design


For many MySQL implementations scalability is a crucial requirement. Scaling on various dimensions: Size, Performance, Cost and DBA-Stress-Level.
While several factors impact the scalability of the database, underlying storage probably has the highest impact. You need to make sure that the storage will fill up the buffers fast enough to keep queries happy, and acknowledge the writes fast enough to keep transactions happy. You need to make sure that you can keep growing the available storage as your database grows - MySQL databases are particularly prone to collect more and more data. You also need to make sure that maintenance tasks such as backup, cloning, and application testing will scale gracefully with the size of your database.
Storage systems from NetApp are a great choice when designing for MySQL scalability. Administrators can expand storage on the go (using FlexVol) eliminating the need for over-provisioning. NetApp’s ability to create snapshots in a highly storage efficient manner is particularly important for scaling the maintenance tasks. You can quickly clone your MySQL database and use it to test and deploy new applications. Most importantly, this snapshot capability enables fast and scalable backups.
As I had indicated before, we have been working with the engineering team at NetApp to create highly scalable backup and archiving solutions for MySQL. Today we formally announced this joint work. Our MySQL backup product, Zmanda Recovery Manager (ZRM) for MySQL with NetApp SnapShot Manager, meets two crucial design goals for scaling MySQL backups: least impact on the live production applications and quick point-in-time recovery. Database snapshots created by ZRM can also act as source for NetApp SnapMirror software, creating a highly scalable disaster recovery solution.
With your MySQL databases stored on a NetApp filer and protected by Zmanda, you can scale up while reducing your stress level.


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D.R. Horton Homes has announced its own version of a stimulus package on completed homes. Located in 40 neighborhoods throughout the Las Vegas Valley, hundreds of homes are available for immediate purchase and move-in.
“Our strategy is to be extremely aggressive in 2008,” said Bill Vincent, sales manager for D.R. Horton. “These 400 homes are part of our commitment to help stimulate the economy. For two days only, we will be offering the stimulus bill, which covers 3 percent FHA down payment, plus 6 percent towards closing costs or 6 percent for closing costs for purchases of $300,000 or more.
“We do not believe that Las Vegas should wait until May to start realizing the benefits of the recently passed stimulus bill, so we are jump-starting that effort with our own stimulus package the weekend of Feb. 23 and 24,” Vincent said. “We are offering generous down payment assistance and zero closing costs for those who qualify, so don’t miss your chance to secure the home of your dreams for only a $600 deposit.”
Over the past seven years, D.R. Horton has unveiled townhome floor plans called triplexes. Initially offered in the builder’s San Diego neighborhoods, models are now available in the Las Vegas Valley.
Triplexes offer attached two-car garages for each unit owner, and the complexes include swimming pools. Prices start in the low $100,000s.
Neighborhoods showcase more than 120 furnished models ranging from 1,000 to 5,300 square feet.
For more information, call 877-374-4668 or visit drhorton.com.


I remember being ten. It was 1994, BritPop was in the air and I had a killer tracksuit that I basically never took off. Heady days indeed. But my own decennial is rather put in the shade by this year’s COLLECT, the Crafts Council’s annual fair which this year celebrates ten years in some style.
Returning to London’s Saatchi Gallery, COLLECT will exhibit some of the most interesting and exciting craft offerings from 32 international galleries, while 11 artists have been invited to take over the gallery’s second floor as part of the Project Space initiative. So galleries from the UK, Scandinavia, Belgium, Germany and The Netherlands will sit side-by-side with those from the Far East, from China, Japan and South Korea.
Where COLLECT really appeals to us is not just in the breadth of disciplines it includes under the broad umbrella term “craft” – from jewellery and ceramics to weaving and glassblowing – but also in its commitment to giving up-and-coming creatives a platform alongside more established names.
COLLECT runs from May 10 to May 13 at The Saatchi Gallery and over the next couple of weeks we’ll be taking an in-depth look at some of the artists chosen for this year’s Project Space.
This article was produced in collaboration with The Crafts Council.
- For Ginko Yang “drawing creates the same effects as a mental massage”
- Pop culture powerhouse Bryan Rivera's 2018 in graphic design
- Don't worry, be angry: how politics and creativity collided in 2018
- Maurice Andresen is reimagining Glasgow’s non-spaces as an ethereal world
- Vice magazine's creative team talks us through its new and unexpectedly different redesign
- Julia Falkner and Lorena Hydeman document boys playing with gender for the first time
- DIA channels NYC and gives Squarespace its signature kinetic treatment in brand refresh
- Laughing at the world of graphic design with Tracy Ma
- Pantone's Colour of the Year 2019 has been announced and it's... Living Coral!
- Alex Gamsu Jenkins’ comics remind us of how gross we really are
- The animated short giving Isle of Dogs a run for its money
- Caleb Halter's instinctual design practice produces considered and refined work


AT A GLANCE
Formally 'The Tyrer Building', Nicholson Lofts benefits from over 15, 000sqft of space split over five floors of iconic St Helens History. The department store was opened in 1888 & provided St Helens with a beacon of community & retail excellence before closing in January 2016.
The landmark development forms a stunning gateway to Manchester & Liverpool. Nicholson Lofts, ideally situated within easy walking distance of St Helens Bus Station, St Helens Central Train Station and is adjacent to the towns leisure & retail routes, Bridge & Church Street.
The scheme facilitates 3 floors with 15, one & two bedroomed apartments purposely crafted to provide affordable residential luxury to its fully tenants.There are a number of parking spaces available within the scheme for residents as well as secure cycle storage. The lower section is completed by high quality commercial, leisure and business spaces fronting onto Milk & Bridge Street.
The ground & basement has been purposely restored to benefit a retail/hospitality outlet with 4,500sqft of space in St Helens's most iconic building.
The occupied commercial unit benefits from not only an immense footfall of commuters/shoppers flooding through Church Square but Luxor Group has recently fitted a new 3-phase energy distribution specifically for the commercial beneficiary of the building.


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Why do the Poles leave Poland? Travel writer Ben Aitken booked a one-way ticket to Poznan to find out. This account of his year is a bittersweet portrait of an unsung country.
A Chip Shop in Poznan: My Unlikely Year in Poland
Author Ben Aitken Published by Icon Books ISBN 9781785786266 EAN 9781785786266 Bic Code Cover Paperback
Available on back-order
WE HAVE CLOSED ONLINE ORDERING AS MANY TITLES ARE NOW OUT OF STOCK> PLEASE EMAIL firstname.lastname@example.org WITH ENQUIRIES
Independent book shop in Hebden Bridge with a wide selection of fiction, non-fiction and children’s books as well as cards and stationery. We have a selection of our titles online, but we can order most books in print for collection that week or 48hr home delivery, so if you don’t see what you want please email us your enquiry. Free shipping on orders over £30 (please select free shipping at checkout) Collection times may be longer during lockdown.

domain: literature


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9-10 Feb 1945-
Nichols reports that the 10th received sudden orders to move north to again unite with the XX Corps of the Third Army at Metz. By dusk on he 10th they were there. There was a secretiveness to the move as they removed all identification from vehicles and put away their shoulder patches. Even with that, Nichols says
a French boy of seven bravely approached a Tiger staff officer and in perfect English said, "Welcome back to Metz, Tenth Armored Tigers.It hadn't been two months since the 10th had been diverted from breaking through defensive Siegfried Line near Saarbrucken. They were now returning to the Saar-Moselle triangle with new strength and refreshed for the job ahead. They were the only division remaining which had participated in the November-December assault. Nichols comments that this time they were
to set a model for tank-infantry teamwork, as the Tigers were to race through an infantry bridgehead to seize important objectives deep in the enemy's rear area.The Triangle-
The Saar-Moselle Triangle is defined by the Moselle River on the west, the Saar on the east and, across the southern end, a part of the Siegfried Line. From Wikipedia: The whole
Line stretched more than 630 km (390 mi) and featured more than 18,000 bunkers, tunnels and tank traps. It went from Kleve on the border with the Netherlands along the western border of the old German Empire as far as the town of Weil am Rhein on the border to Switzerland. It was planned starting in 1936 and built between 1938 and 1940.The portion of the Line the Tigers were responsible for was a small section, but important to the overall goals to capture the Triangle. For that to be successful they had to capture Metz and then, with that accomplished they could capture Trier. The Germans had fortified the two rivers, the Line as well as a nineteen mile long ridge line that bisected the triangle north and south.
10-18 Feb 1945-
The Tenth began an intensive training program. The Divisions battalions, which had been impacted by the Bulge, were strengthened with experienced replacements. Plans were prepared at headquarters and then translated into field orders, A, B, and C. The Division could then be put into motion at a moment's notice.
In short, the 10th was ready to go. Their movements were mocked by Axis Sally, the radio propagandist, by calling the Tenth- the "Ghost Division." They were not the only division to be so named, but they took it as a mark of honor.

domain: history


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Crimped Hair Is the Comeback Beauty Trend to Try
Attention, ’80s fans. Remember your beloved crimped hairstyle from back in the day? Of course you do; it really made your scrunchie pop! Well, we’re happy to report that crimped hair is making a comeback, but don’t worry. It’s getting a stylish upgrade for the 2K17 era. That’s why we’ve enlisted celebrity hairstylist Justine Marjan (you know her as stylist to the Kardashians, Olivia Culpo, and Chrissy Teigen, just to name a few) to walk us through the modern-day version of crimping — sweatbands optional.
Justine Marjan: Crimped hair is back and more versatile than ever! Today’s crimp is soft, playful, and understated. In the ’80s, the crimp was big, teased, and wild looking. Now, we can use it to enhance a style or switch up your entire look. I love how you can add a few crimps to accent and upgrade a simple hairstyle to something fun and playful. You can transform the hair so it’s more edgy and over-the-top, or it can also be soft, subtle, and totally wearable.
JM: To create the perfect crimps, my favorite tool is the GHD Contour Professional Performance Crimper ($169). It’s extremely easy to use and allows me to create soft, crimped hair in a matter of seconds.
B + C: Now that we’ve got a new fancy crimper, where do we start? Do you recommend sectioning off your hair first?
JM: If you are crimping just to add detail to the hair, you will only want to crimp on the surface layer of the hair. Use a tail comb to gather one-inch wide thin sections from the layer and wave the hair as you work down the strand, holding the iron for an equal amount of time per crimp.
B + C: How should we style this for 2017?
JM: There is no one way to wear crimps — have fun with it! You can add just a touch of texture or volumize the hair until it’s super full. I love incorporating bends as a playful accent to hair, but you can also use the tool to add volume to the roots and add texture to silky strands that won’t hold a tease.
JM: You can create amazing texture that can instantly revive any look with this style. For example, I love the way crimped hair looks when it’s brushed and teased, it’s an easy way to add major volume!
Are you ready to bring back crimped hair? Tell us over @BritandCo.
Brit + Co may at times use affiliate links to promote products sold by others, but always offers genuine editorial recommendations.
(Photos via Justine Marjan and GHD Hair)


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In cardiology, ventricular remodeling (or cardiac remodeling) refers to changes in the size, shape, structure, and function of the heart. This can happen as a result of exercise (physiological remodeling) or after an injury to the heart muscle (pathological remodeling). The injury is typically due to acute myocardial infarction (usually transmural or ST-segment elevation infarction) but maybe from several causes that result in increased pressure or volume, causing pressure overload or volume overload (forms of strain) on the heart.
Chronic hypertension, congenital heart disease with intracardiac shunting, and valvular heart disease may also lead to remodeling. After the insult occurs, a series of histopathological and structural changes occur in the left ventricular myocardium that leads to a progressive decline in left ventricular performance. Ultimately, ventricular remodeling may result in diminished contractile (systolic) function and reduced stroke volume.
Physiological remodeling is reversible while pathological remodeling is mostly irreversible. Remodeling of the ventricles under left/right pressure demand makes mismatches inevitable — pathologic pressure mismatches between the pulmonary and systemic circulation guide compensatory remodeling of the left and right ventricles. The term "reverse remodeling" in cardiology implies an improvement in ventricular mechanics and function following a remote injury or pathological process.
Ventricular remodeling may include ventricular hypertrophy, ventricular dilation, cardiomegaly, and other changes. It is an aspect of cardiomyopathy, of which there are many types. Concentric hypertrophy is due to pressure overload, while eccentric hypertrophy is due to volume overload.
Remodeling of the heart is evaluated by performing an echocardiogram. The size and function of the atria and ventricles can be characterized using this test.
Many factors influence the time course and extent of the remodeling, including the severity of the injury, subsequent events (recurrent ischemia or infarction), neurohormonal activation, genetic factors and gene expression, and treatment. Medications may attenuate remodeling. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors have been consistently shown to decrease remodeling in animal models or transmural infarction and chronic pressure overload. Clinical trials have shown that ACE inhibitor therapy after myocardial infarction leads to improved myocardial performance, improved ejection fraction, and decreased mortality compared to patients treated with placebo.
Likewise, inhibition of aldosterone, either directly or indirectly, leads to improvement in remodeling. Carvedilol, a 3rd generation beta blocker, may reverse the remodeling process by reducing left ventricular volumes and improving systolic function. Early correction of congenital heart defects, if appropriate, may prevent remodeling, as will treatment of chronic hypertension or valvular heart disease. Often, reverse remodeling, or improvement in left ventricular function, will also be seen.

domain: medical


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Oregon's Sunriver Resort an outdoor oasis for all
Say you are a large group of vacation-seekers. Your ages span from toddler to senior. Your interests range from walking to golfing to biking to reading to sitting on a patio fringed with pine trees and enjoying a nice glass of pinot noir.
By Barbara Brotman, Tribune Newspapers
February 25, 2014


The root crown of a tree is the area where the below-ground parts of a tree meet the above-ground parts. Its placement is important and it should be at the ground level. If the placement is not correct, it can harm the long-term growth and the life of the tree. Unfortunately, the placement is often incorrect and during the nursery production, it may be over-potted and the root crown may be placed below the potting mix.
Some problems incorrect placement of the root crown can cause include:
Collar rot is one of the most dangerous problem for trees. It can occur if the root crown is buried too deep. Collar rot is a fungal disease. Over time, the fungus will girdle the trunk, which prevents important nutrients and water from moving into the tree's vascular system and can cause death of the tree if not treated.
If the root crown is buried deeper than it should be, it can cause the tree to develop girdling roots. Girdling roots are roots at or slightly below the soil line that can wrap around the tree trunk "girdling" it. Girdling roots can cut into the main trunk and restrict water and nutrients between the roots and the branches of the tree.
Fibrous roots can also form above the root crown and original rootball. This makes it difficult for water to get into the rootball causing a setback in tree growth or even a potential death because of moisture stress.
It is important to make sure the root crown is correctly planted to ensure the health and longevity of your tree. Each independently owned Monster Tree Service location can inspect your trees to ensure that they’re healthy. If your tree experiences stress from improper planting, Monster Tree Service can also take corrective measures to restore your trees to their healthful state. Our skilled, professional certified arborists know the best ways to help you and your trees.
If you need help with a root crown, we encourage you to contact us today to discuss your tree and plant health care needs.
Monster Tree Service; Making the World a More Beautiful Place, One Tree at a Time.™


A radio report about cognac, an alcoholic beverage made in France.
This was a radio report on France Info I listened to while walking to work along the shady streets of Mosman, Australia. It was about a couple of interesting information, one of them about the French exports. Did you know that wines and spirits account for the 2nd export sector after the aeronautics industry?
When we talk about French wines, one thinks immediately of champagne, bordeaux and bourgogne. However these prestigious Grands Crus do not take the high ground. Against all odds, the winner is … cognac!
Therefore, it is estimated that more than 161 million of bottles are sold to foreign markets, representing a staggering turnover of 2.296 billion euros.
The alcoholic beverage which is produced in Poitou-Charentes around the little town of Cognac, is a variety of brandy, similar to armagnac.
To lay to rest some misconceptions, France is only the 6th biggest market for consumption of cognac, far behind the United States, the world’s largest market with 30% market share (3% for France).
To know more about cognac sales in France and abroad, check out this radio report (in French): http://www.franceinfo.fr/decryptage/a-premiere-vue/a-exporter-sans-moderation-1298761-2014-01-29