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Method for the continuous production of hydrolytically broken down and possibly substituted starch, use of hydrolytically broken down starch and device for producing same
The invention relates to a method for the continuous production of hydrolytically broken down starch or hydrolytically broken down substituted starch products such as hydroxyethyl- or hydroxypropyl starch. The invention essentially consists of carrying out most of the hydrolytic breakdown in a pipe-shaped, temperature-controlled reactor having no mixing elements. The remaining breakdown is carried out in one or more reactors fitted with mixing elements (fine hydrolysis). The product obtained can be used both in the food industry and for medical purposes, especially as plasma diluent.
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Method for the continuous production of hydrolytically broken down starch or hydrolytically broken down substituted starch products.
The invention concerns a method for the production of hydrolytically broken down starch or hydrolytically broken down substituted starch products, such as hydroxyethyl starch or hydroxypropyl starch, use of the products produced according to the invention in the medical field, in particular as plasma diluent, as well as a device for producing hydrolytically broken down starch or hydrolytically broken down substituted starch products.
It is known to hydrolytically break down starch and substituted starch products, such as hydroxyethyl or hydroxypropyl starch. Thus, a method for producing a starch hydrolysate is described in DE-OS 30 000 465 in which α-amylase is used. The method described there works in a very complicated manner and can not easily be carried out in a continuous manner. Moreover, it can only be applied to a limited degree.
A method is also described in DE-A1 33 13 600 for the hydrolytical breakdown of starch in which α-amylase, beta-amylase or pullulanase is used, whereby the starch can be substituted, for example, with ethylene oxide before or after the hydrolysis.
The breakdown of hydroxyethyl starch to form a product that can be used as a plasma expander is described, inter alia, in EP-A1 0 402 724.
Transferring methods of this type to a continuous scale is not easily possible. Therefore, there is a need for a continuous method that works economically and that results in products that can be used in a variety of fields.
As is known, high demands are made on just those products which are used in the medical field. On the one hand, products are required that do not cause any allergies in the patient, on the other hand, the breakdown rate, i.e. the decrease in concentration within the first 24 hours, should be very high in the patient and the organ half-life short. Moreover, the clinical use of broken down starch products depends quite heavily on the physical chemical properties. In this connection, reference is made to the articles of Klaus Sommermeyer et al. that were published inter alia in Krankenhauspharmacie 8, (8271/8) (1987) and starch/Stärke 44 (5), 173–9 (1992).
The object of the invention is to provide a method for the continuous production of hydrolytically broken down starch or hydrolytically broken down substituted starch products that works economically, with which the properties of the breakdown products can be set selectively, carried out with slight apparatus-related and method-related assembly and which results in products that can be used especially in the medical field and in food technology.
This object is solved by a method according to the present invention. Further advantageous embodiments of the method according to the invention are described.
A further object of the invention is the use of the products produced according to a method as a plasma diluent or to produce dialysis solutions. A further object of the invention is a device for carrying out a method for the continuous production of hydrolytically broken down starch derivatives.
To carry out the method according to the invention, all kind of starches or starch derivatives that are soluble in the aqueous hydrolysis solution can be used. Such starches can be derived for example from potato starch, wheat starch, cassava starch and the like while the starches rich in amylopectin are especially suitable, such as the wax-like milo (SORGHUM) starch, corn starch or rice starch. The starch can also be used as an already partially broken down starch (a thin boiling starch). These starches have to be pre-treated or modified to be soluble in the aqueous hydrolysis solution. In particular, hydroxypropyl and preferably hydroxyethyl starches are used as modified starches.
In case the starch is already soluble in the aqueous hydrolysis solution the modification can be carried prior to hydrolysis, yet also after hydrolysis. Preferably, however, it is modified, especially ethoxylated, prior to hydrolysis.
The modified or non-modified starch to be broken down is advantageously used as an aqueous solution or suspension, whereby suspension is understood to also mean grains containing starch and found in water. The concentration of starch or modified starch in the solution or suspension can be adjusted within broad limits.
The concentration can already be set prior to hydrolysis with respect to the desired intended use of the end product: furthermore, it is possible to influence the property profile of the end product by selecting the concentration in combination with further parameters such as hydrolysis temperature, dwell time etc. Preferably, the concentration is 25–30% by weight relative to the total weight.
After mixing with a hydrolyzation agent, in particular a mineral acid such as hydrocholoric acid, it is heated or cooled to the desired temperature, preferably with the aid of heat exchangers.
The suspension or solution is then conveyed to a tubular tempered reactor, whereby reactor is understood to also be a plurality of reactor units which are arranged in tandem. The reactor is tempered to the desired hydrolysis temperature, preferably to 70–80° C. The product to be hydrolyzed is fed to the tubular reactor from the bottom i.e. against the force of gravity, so that the suspension or solution moves from the bottom to the top, i.e. in ascending direction. If several reactor units are used, all reactor units are aligned in parallel and are each flowed into from the bottom.
In principle, it is possible to carry out the predominant part of the hydrolysis in a single tube. However, several tubular reactor units can also be arranged in a row, for example, be arranged beside one another or above one another, as is preferred for production and handling reasons. The conveyance of the hydrolysis product from one reactor unit into the next reactor unit can be accomplished in a simple manner, e.g. with pipe connections, perhaps also by inserting an adjustable pump.
The tube reactors are laid out in such a manner or the flow velocity measured such that at least a predominant part of the hydrolysis, i.e. at least 60%, preferably 85–95% of the breakdown takes place in the tubular tempered reactors. Thus, this breakdown preferably takes place as a first step in the form of a rough breakdown—as will be described below. The tubular reactors preferably contain no mixing elements at all so as to ensure a uniform forward movement of the suspension during hydrolysis without mixing. Sampling points can be provided on the connecting pipes.
The product already broken down for the most part, e.g. up to 90%, can then be conveyed to one or more further reactors in which the hydrolytical breakdown is carried out to the desired extent (second step in the form of a fine breakdown). Preferably, the remainder of the hydrolysis in the fine breakdown step is carried out in reactors that have static mixing elements.
With aid of the reactor units, it is possible to conduct the hydrolysis up to a preset final value and to fine tune the method. Therefore, advantageously, these reactors are also provided with means for controlling the temperature. In this way, it is possible to accurately set the degree of hydrolysis. The degree of hydrolysis is preferably tested with aid of viscosity measurements.
According to the invention, it is preferable to carry out a two-step continuous breakdown process, consisting of a rough and fine breakdown. On the other hand, however, a a one-step breakdown method can also be carried out corresponding to the rough breakdown when the hydrolytic breakdown does not by necessity have to result in an exact preset degree of breakdown, but can fluctuate within set limits.
The flow of the liquid product to be hydrolyzed against the force of gravity has the advantage that the layers of the solution/suspension found in a reactor virtually do not mix. Due to the hydrolysis, amylolysis products having a decreasing chain length are continuously formed, the result of which is that the liquid layers have an ever lower viscosity, seen from the bottom of the reactor to the top. In the reactor, therefore, there are layers having a continuously decreasing drop in viscosity—seen from the bottom to the top against the force of gravity.
During hydrolysis, the solution to be treated is moved through the reactor at such a speed that enables an essentially undisturbed formation of this viscosity profile. After the reactor length, i.e. the reaction length during the continuous method, has been fixed, the conveying speed establishes the total reaction time which is determined in dependence on the selected degree of hydrolysis.
If a multiple tube reactor installation is used, then the connecting pipes are measured in such a way in their cross section that the layers having the same viscosity can flow from the one to the other reactor essentially without disturbance, i.e. without the layers mixing, so that the hydrolysis treatment can take place in the next reactor unit against the force of gravity.
The property profile of the hydrolysate obtained can also be influenced by the selection of the concentration of the initial solution or initial suspension as well as the molecular weight of the starch or starch derivative used, the degree of substitution, the hydrolysis temperature, the acid concentration and the like.
If modified broken down starch products are to be produced, then the starch is preferably modified prior to the hydrolysis. It is possible and preferable with the method of the invention to carry out the modification process and the hydrolysis process in a fully continuous manner.
In this way, starch, in particular broken down starch, can be mixed, for example, for ethoxylation with ethylene oxide, whereby so much caustic soda is added to the mixture that the desired pH is obtained. This pH is preferably in the base range and can e.g. have the value 13. The mixing and the reaction can be carried out continuously, whereby the conversion preferably takes place in one or more tube reactors connected in series and provided with static mixers. The ethoxylated product is then, as described above, mixed with hydrochloric acid for carrying out the hydrolysis and brought to the desired temperature and conveyed to the hydrolysis.
It was especially surprising that, with aid of the method according to the invention, it is possible to hydrolytically continuously break down starch and/or modified starch with a uniform profile in the end product. It was furthermore especially surprising that a hydrolysate having an advantageous molecular weight distribution is obtained in the tubular reactors without intermixing of the solution by means of static mixers or moving mixers, in particular that a very broad molecular weight spectrum is not produced due to the formation of channels, as was feared.
The method according to the invention offers a substantial simplification of the hydrolysis process and thus results in considerable savings in costs since only special steels (e.g. HASTELLOY) can be used for acid hydrolysis processes, which is quite expensive for equipment provided with static mixers.
It is possible to produce a hydrolysis product with specific properties in a selective and reproducible manner with the method of the invention. Thus, exactly defined final values such as molecular weight, molecular weight distribution, degree of substitution and the like can be set. These values can be constantly obtained in a reproducible manner for a long period, while in the so-called batch operation the fluctuations are very great and difficult to control. This not only applies to the breakdown of the starch, but also for the breakdown of modified products, so that, in combination with a modification process for the various intended purposes, it is possible to produce preparations having the desired properties.
The method is very fleixble and can be automated to a great extent.
The method according to the invention can be carried out with an installation as schematically shown in the drawing.
A device for the continuous hydrolysis of starch or starch derivatives is indicated with 10 in the drawing. A hydroxyethyl starch solution is continuously fed to a mixer/heat exchanger 14 from station 12, said mixer/heat exchanger 14 being connected with a container 16 that has e.g. hydrochloric acid as a hydrolyzation agent. A pH value is set at 1–2 in the mixer/heat exchanger 14 and the solution is tempered to a preselected hydrolysis temperature, e.g. 70–80° C.
The hydrolysis solution is then conveyed by means of a pump 18 having a preset pump rate, via a first conduit 20 to a reactor 22 (according to the drawing, three reactor units 24–28) as reaction stage (main or rough hydrolysis station) in such a way that the hydrolysis solution rises against the force of gravity from the bottom to the top, as is shown by the direction of the arrows in the reactor units 24–28. For this purpose, the reactor unit 24 has, when in operation, an inlet tube 23 arranged at the bottom and an outlet tube 25 arranged at the top. These tubes 23 and 25 are provided in the same way in the remaining reactor units 26 and 28. The conduit 20 is thereby dimensioned in such a way in its cross section that each of the hydrolysis layers arriving from the reactors 24–28 cannot essentially intermix.
On the other hand, however, it can also be sufficient that only one reactor unit 24 is used as main hydrolysis station (shown with 22 in a broken line), to the extent that it is adequately dimensioned in its volume. It is thereby essential to the invention that the slowly rising hydrolysis solution does not intermix in its layers, i.e. the individual layers with their various states of hydrolysis should not intermix, similar as the bases during fractionated distillation. As a result, a solution having a defined degree of hydrolysis can be drawn off in each case at the upper outlet point of the reactor units 24–28, whereby the hydrolysis can then be finely set. The reactor units 24–28 are therefore designated as main hydrolysis station. In particular, the reactor units 24–28 are not furnished with mixing elements on the inside which could cause the entire hydrolysis solution to be intermixed. Therefore, the hydrolysis gradient which is correlated with the viscosity of the individual layers should remain essentially unchanged, i.e. the individual layers should not mix with one another.
Advantageously, the reactor units 24–28 have a tempering jacket 27 as shown symbolically in the reactor unit 26 in the drawing. This tempering jacket is flowed through by a tempering liquid, usually water, maintained at a preset temperature and thus maintains the contents of the respective reactor units 24–28 at the desired temperature. The latter is determined in each case thereby that liquid samples are removed at specific points on the reactor units 24–28 to determine the respective viscosity, i.e. the respective degree of hydrolysis, and that the final degree of hydrolysis is determined herefrom with reference to tables and the known conveying rate.
The reactor units 24–28 are dimensioned in such a way that a minimum flow rate is ensured at a preset viscosity to prevent an intermixing of the respective layers due to diffusion. The latter essentially depends inter alia on the viscosity. Thus, the lower limit of the flow rate is at about 3 cm/min, if the viscosity of the solution to be hydrolyzed is at about 20 mPa×s. Advantageously, the flow rate is between 5–20, especially between 10–15 cm/min.
The length/diameter ratio of the reactor units 24–28 is also determined by the throughput of the solution to be hydrolyzed. Advantageously, this ratio is between 10:1 to 20:1.
Advantageously, the main hydrolysis station 22 is connected with a fine hydrolysis station 32 (shown by a broken line) by means of a second conduit 30, as shown by the reactor units 34–40. These reactor units 34–40 are advantageously connected with a tempering unit 42, for example, by a tempering jacket, through which a tempering liquid flows that is maintained at a preset temperature and which corresponds to the tempering jacket 27. The temperature that is advantageous for the hydrolysis can be set herewith, said temperature being advantageously monitored and controlled by means of the viscosity setting in in the hydrolysis solution. Moreover, these reactor units 34–40 are furnished with mixing elements 44 (shown schematically) so that a uniform intermixing takes place in the reactors to ensure a uniform hydrolysis. The tempering unit 42 is only shown in the drawing in connection with the reactor unit 34 and can, of course, also be provided in the other reactor units 36–40. Similarly, it is fed from a standard tempering liquid source (not shown).
For example, a hydrolysis of up to 95% can take palce in the main hydrolysis station 22, while only 5% of the desired degree of hydrolysis are obtained in the fine hydrolysis station 32.
As noted above, according to the invention, the fine hydrolysis station 32 does not have to be provided, since a hydrolysis product having a dense molecular weight distribution is produced there. If a dense distribution of this type is not required, then a fine hydrolysis station 32 of this type can be omitted.
As shown in the drawing, the liquid to be hydrolyzed is advantageously also conveyed from the bottom to the top in the fine hydrolysis station 32 in order to substantially eliminate the effects of the force of gravity.
To stop the hydrolysis, the solution is mixed with a caustic soda, conveyed from the storage vessel 48, in a neutralization station 46 at the end of the hydrolysis. In this respect, the container 46 is connected to the fine hydrolysis station 32 with a third conduit 50.
The mixture is then conveyed for further treatment, e.g. diafiltration and spray drying, from the vessel 46 to further treatment apparatus (not shown).
The invention will be explained in further detail by the following example.EXAMPLE 1
A 30% starch solution is produced by adding water and lye. Hydroxylethyl starch having a molecular weight of 1.4 million daltons is produced therefrom in a continuous starch ethoxylating installation by menas of ethylene oxide and conveyed to a tube reactor without mixing elements at a volume flow of about 11.3 l/h. The reactor is dimensioned about 2.6 m×DN 100. The ethoxylation is not an object of the invention since a starch can also be used for the subsequent hydrolysis.
0.2 l/h 25% HCl is added to the hydroxyethyl starch solution in doses prior to being introduced into a hydrolysis reactor; furthermore, the reaction solution is brought to a temperature of 70° C. by means of a heat exchanger, whereby the pH value is brought to about 1.0. The hydrolysis reactor is maintained at 70° C. by means of tempering, whereby it is essential that the untreated solution flow through the reactor, which does not have mixing elements, from the bottom to the top (against the force of gravity). The dwell time of the solution is approximately 2 hours. The molecular weight was thereby reduced from 1.4 million to 300,000 daltons.
In a fine hydrolysis part, advantageously connected in tandem and consisting of several reactors having static mixing elements, a final molecular weight (weight means) of approximately 250,000 daltons is set. The hydrolysis is then ended by means of neutralization. The mixture is then purified by means of diafiltration with aid of a membrane to an exclusion limit of 50,000 daltons. The dried product is extremely suitable as a plasma diluent.
1. Method for the continuous production of a plasma diluent or dialysis solutions based on hydrolytically broken down starch derivatives that are optionally substituted, by hydrolyzing with a hydrolysis agent in an aqueous medium and subsequent neutralization to stop the hydrolysis, the method comprising:
- a main hydrolysis wherein an aqueous solution that contains the starch or optionally substituted starch to be hydrolyzed is continuously conveyed through at least one reactor essentially free of mixing against the force of gravity in the hydrolysis step at a flow rate of about 5 to 20 cm/min; and
- a fine hydrolysis, wherein the fine hydrolysis is carried out after the main hydrolysis, a roughly hydrolyzed starch solution being fed to a tubular reactor with mixing elements at a preset temperature during said fine hydrolysis.
2. Method according to claim 1, wherein the at least one reactor has at least one tubular reactor that has an inlet tube disposed at the bottom and an outlet tube disposed at the top when in the operative state.
3. Method according to claim 1, wherein tubular reactors are arranged essentially vertically when in operation and starch or optionally substituted starch to be hydrolyzed is conveyed from the bottom to the top.
4. Method according to claim 1, wherein the reactor(s) are tubular reactor(s) that are tempered at a preset temperature of 25 to 100° C.
5. Method according to claim 1, wherein main hydrolysis is carried out in a tubular tempered reactor for up to 85 to 95%.
6. Method according to claim 1, wherein etherified starch is used.
7. Method according to claim 1, wherein the fine hydrolysis is carried out with several reactors provided with static mixing elements.
8. Method according to claim 1, wherein thin boiling starch is ethoxylated continuously with ethylene oxide in a base environment, the ethoxylated product is acidified with mineral acid, the main hydrolysis is carried out at a reaction temperature of 60 to 100° C. and the hydrolysis is terminated by neutralization with lye and cooling.
9. Device for carrying out the method according to claim 1 including a feeding device for starch solution, a container for a hydrolyzing agent, a mixing and heating station for mixing the aqueous starch solution with the hydrolyzing agent and heating the mixture to a preset temperature, and a pump for feeding the mixture into at least one reactor,
- whereby the reactor, when in use, is arranged essentially vertically and has an inlet tube at the bottom and an outlet tube at the top and the pump is operated in such a way that it continuously feeds the aqueous starch solution to the inlet tube at the bottom at a preset pump rate, so that the aqueous starch solution is conveyed through the reactor to the outlet tube against the force of gravity; and
- wherein a fine hydrolysis station in the form of at least one reactor unit is connected in tandem after the reactor as a main hydrolysis station, each of said reactor units having mixing elements.
10. Device according to claim 9, wherein the reactors are each provided with a tempering unit.
11. Method according to claim 2 further comprising a fine hydrolysis, wherein a fine hydrolysis is carried out after the main hydrolysis, the roughly hydrolyzed starch solution being fed to a tubular reactor with mixing elements at a preset temperature during said fine hydrolysis.
12. Method according to claim 2, wherein the tubular reactors are arranged essentially vertically when in operation and product to be hydrolyzed is conveyed from the bottom to the top.
13. Method according to claim 1, wherein the tubular reactors are arranged essentially vertically when in operation and starch or optionally substituted starch to be hydrolyzed is conveyed from the bottom to the top.
14. Method according to claim 2, wherein the tubular reactors are tempered at a preset temperature of 25 to 100° C.
15. Method according to claim 1, wherein the tubular reactors are tempered at a preset temperature of 25 to 100° C.
16. Method according to claim 3, wherein the tubular reactors are tempered at a preset temperature of 25 to 100° C.
17. Method according to claim 1, wherein main hydrolysis is carried out in the tubular tempered reactor for up to 85 to 95%.
18. Method according to claim 6 wherein the etherified starch is wax cornstarch.
19. Method according to claim 6 wherein a starch etherified with at least one of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide is used.
20. Method for the continuous production of a plasma diluent or dialysis solutions based on hydrolytically broken down starch derivatives that are optionally substituted, by hydrolyzing with a hydrolysis agent in an aqueous medium and subsequent neutralization to stop the hydrolysis, the method comprising:
- a main hydrolysis providing a roughly hydrolyzed starch solution where starch breakdown ranges from about 60% to about 95%, wherein an aqueous solution that contains the starch or optionally substituted starch to be hydrolyzed is continuously conveyed through at least one reactor essentially free of mixing against the force of gravity in the hydrolysis step at a flow rate of about 5 to 20 cm/min; and
- a fine hydrolysis providing further starch breakdown, wherein the fine hydrolysis is carried out after the main hydrolysis, the roughly hydrolyzed starch solution being fed to a tubular reactor with mixing elements at a preset temperature during said fine hydrolysis.
|4221609||September 9, 1980||Hughes|
|4562086||December 31, 1985||Smolka et al.|
|5218108||June 8, 1993||Sommermeyer et al.|
|28 37 067||May 1979||DE|
|29 30 614||February 1980||DE|
|36 04 415||August 1987||DE|
- CAS abstract of DE 2837067, 1979.
- CAS abstract of DE 360415, 1987.
- CAs abstract of DE 2930614, 1980.
Filed: Aug 7, 1998
Date of Patent: May 9, 2006
Assignee: Fresenius AG (Bad Homburg)
Inventors: Klaus Sommermeyer (Deutschland), Klaus Henning (Deutschland), Michael Gorg (Deutschland), Thomas Maul (Deutschland)
Primary Examiner: Leigh C. Maier
Attorney: Sturm & Fix LLP
Application Number: 09/485,377


text:
When I 1st heard about “girls waiting for marriage”, I really experienced no idea what things to think. After all, I was a young man who was nonetheless living on his own in his overdue twenties. The idea of having to procrastinate to get married to just seemed weird and out of place to me.
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In the event you really want to get married, you need to be in a position to feel an excellent feeling about yourself before you actually go ahead and take action. You should always have the confidence that you will discover someone that you may marry and settle down with.
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Girls looking forward to marriage have already been waiting for quite a while. So why not necessarily you you try to invest to get married?

domain: sociology


text:
TO USE UP FETTUCCINI. Creamy Tuscan Garlic Chicken has the most amazing creamy garlic sauce with 1 cup spinach and cup sun dried tomatoes, 1 cup heavy cream. This meal is a restaurant quality meal ready in 30 minutes!
My colorful and crunchy Mediterranean Bean Salad is the perfect side salad ~ it'll take you through picnic and barbecue season with ease, and you'll want to make up a big batch to keep in the fridge for quick and healthy lunches, too, it's packed with pro
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domain: food


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MFDA Hearing Panel issues Reasons for Decision in the matter of Israel (Steve) Notis
06 Dec, 2019, 16:48 ET
TORONTO, Dec. 6, 2019 /CNW/ - A Hearing Panel of the Central Regional Council of the Mutual Fund Dealers Association of Canada ("MFDA") has issued its Reasons for Decision dated December 4, 2019 ("Reasons for Decision") in connection with a settlement hearing held in Toronto, Ontario on October 7, 2019 in the matter of Israel (Steve) Notis ("Respondent").
In its Reasons for Decision, the Hearing Panel confirmed the sanctions imposed on the Respondent. In particular, the Respondent:
- has been prohibited from acting as a mutual fund salesperson for a period of two years;
- shall pay a fine of $7,500; and
- shall pay costs of $2,500.
A copy of the Reasons for Decision is available on the MFDA website at www.mfda.ca. During the period described in the Reasons for Decision, the Respondent carried on business in the Windsor, Ontario area.
The MFDA is the self-regulatory organization for Canadian mutual fund dealers, regulating the operations, standards of practice and business conduct of its Members and their approximately 81,000 Approved Persons with a mandate to protect investors and the public interest. For more information about the MFDA's complaint and enforcement processes, as well as links to 'Check an Advisor' and other Investor Tools, visit the For Investors page on the MFDA website.
SOURCE Mutual Fund Dealers Association of Canada
For further information: Charles Toth, Managing Director, Litigation, 416-943-4619, [email protected]
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domain: finance


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The Cohoes Boys Football season preview, complete with returning player information and program history is available.
Welcome to the Cohoes Football team feed. The most recent updates will appear at the top of the wall dating back to prior seasons. Use the top navigation to find past season schedules, scores, rosters and more.
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Watch this highlight video of the Cohoes (NY) football team in its game Scotia-Glenville High School on Sep 17, 2022
Stats are entered by the coach or designated team statistician in the admin.

domain: game


text:
For Fort Collins-based photographer Elliot Ross, the camera has always been a way of finding comfort, ever since coming to Colorado from Taiwan.
"When I moved here, I was 4 and incredibly shy," Ross said. "It was a big transition moving from Taipei to a very rural situation. And my grandma gave me a camera. She thought maybe that might help ease some of that anxiety. And it certainly did. It became a fixture of my daily life."

domain: geography


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Najib Mikati is ranting, and this is quite unlike him. For the first time since the formation of his cabinet, the prime minister, who is known for rounding the edges, decided to step forward. “I will not be dragged into resigning,” he said yesterday, thus alluding to this possibility for the first time.
Mikati wanted to sound the alarm with these remarks. His message was mainly addressed to the MPs attending the plenary session of Parliament yesterday: political disagreements for selfish purposes less than two months ahead of the legislative elections are jeopardizing the ballot, but the cabinet will do everything to carry out this task successfully. A resignation would “obstruct the legislative elections,” Mikati stated in televised remarks on the sidelines of the session.
“This is a good reason for not resigning,” he added. What angered him? The differences over the capital control draft law and criticism leveled at his team over its proposal, especially by parliamentary committees. That is because at a time when Mikati wants to establish himself at the center of the agreement between Lebanon and the International Monetary Fund, the draft law, which is an important reform demanded by the IMF, was removed from the agenda of the parliamentary session.
To the surprise of the assembly and its speaker, Mikati called for turning the session into a general debate. He even went so far as to pave the way for a possible withdrawal of confidence on his team, which he was granted in September. Parliament Speaker Nabih Berri quickly rejected this request. “This is a legislative session. You are the only one to make this request, and it has not been transmitted to me,” he said.
“An illegitimate project”
The day before, the capital control bill had been dealt the first blow. The document, several draft versions of which were leaked to the press in recent days, was strongly criticized by several institutional and civil society actors.
The parliamentary committees — the Finance and Budget committee chaired by MP Ibrahim Kanaan (Free Patriotic Movement/Metn), and the Administration and Law Committee, chaired by MP Georges Adwan (Lebanese Forces/Chouf) — both rejected the latest version for “flaws” in both the form and content. The text submitted by Nicolas Nahas, an MP close to Mikati, was therefore vetoed by several political groups that champion the cause of depositors worried about their savings held up in Lebanese banks.
“I openly opposed this version which was presented as a capital control bill, but is not,” Adwan told L'Orient-Le Jour. “We cannot approve a law that would legalize a seizure of the rest of the depositors’ savings,” Adwan added.
“I expressed this position and I spoke in favor of a rescue plan in due form that the government would develop. Otherwise, a vote of no confidence in Mikati’s team must be seriously considered,” he said, acknowledging that the prime minister reacted to these remarks in Parliament.
On the Aounist side, it is almost the same argument. “The committees did not examine a capital control bill, but rather a proposal to freeze capital for five years,” Kanaan said.
The FPM and the LF are not the only ones to be hostile to the capital control bill. There is also, Hezbollah, which was one of the first parties to reject any agreement with the IMF. On Sunday, the day before the joint committee meeting, the party had already set the tone, through the Jaafarite mufti, Sheikh Ahmad Kabalan. In a statement, the mufti warned against “any illegitimate capital control draft law, with the aim of protecting the banks’ mafia and legalizing hollowing out the people's savings. And to hell with the IMF.”
“It is unacceptable to describe this draft law as illegitimate, this is not at all the case,” a senior government source told L'Orient-Le Jour. “Mikati's remarks were mainly designed to send a clear message to all protagonists: he will not be responsible for a possible torpedoing of the ongoing negotiations with the IMF, a new round of which are scheduled for Thursday at 8 a.m.,” the source added.
“Mikati does not want to resign. He is upset that Parliament did not pass the capital control draft law,” a ministerial source told L'Orient-Le Jour. Mikati also ruled out the possibility of any resignation less than two months ahead of the legislative elections. “The prime minister wanted to block any electoral one-upmanship that several political parties have been engaged in during the debates on this reform,” said Ali Darwish, a Tripoli MP close to Mikati.
All eyes are focused now on Baabda, where the cabinet will meet this afternoon at 4:00 p.m., to discuss the capital control draft law, as Mikati said after the parliamentary session. “Parliament requested that [the cabinet] incorporate the IMF’s remarks into the text. We were then asked to submit a [different] version of the draft law. And this is what will happen,” he said.
However, Deputy Prime Minister Saade Chami, who chairs the Lebanese delegation negotiating with the IMF, told L'Orient-Le Jour that the cabinet will not prepare a new version of the draft law, “particularly since the parliamentarians who met on Monday did not examine the draft on the merits, but rather they made reservations on the form,” he said. However, Chami did not rule out the possibility of adding changes to the draft, whose “drafting was fully coordinated with the IMF.
Mikati's fury over the internal tug-of-war over his team's work comes at a time when he has received unequivocal Arab support, particularly from the Gulf monarchies, which have paved the way for a thaw with Beirut.
Mikati, who visited Qatar last weekend, also condemned the fact that a political tug-of-war is occurring at a time when “the world countries [its] expressed readiness to help Lebanon.”
It is in this vein that reports that the Lebanese dossier was on the agenda of French Foreign Minister Jean-Yves Le Drian’s visit to Qatar and Kuwait. “France especially wants to expand the spectrum of contributions to the Saudi-French monetary fund decided [on] at the Jeddah summit between President Emmanuel Macron and Saudi Crown Prince Mohammad bin Salman on Dec. 4, 2021,” said a Lebanese diplomat in Paris, who ruled out the possibility of any new French initiative regarding Lebanon before the legislative elections.
Prime Minister Nagib Mikati during the parliamentary session yesterday. Photo Nabil Ismail
Najib Mikati is ranting, and this is quite unlike him. For the first time since the formation of his cabinet, the prime minister, who is known for rounding the edges, decided to step forward. “I will not be dragged into resigning,” he said yesterday, thus alluding to this possibility for the first time.Mikati wanted to sound the alarm with these remarks. His message was mainly addressed to...

domain: news


text:
Sevilla could sign forward Stevan Jovetic on a permanent deal for as little as €6m from Inter Milan, according to reports.
Estadio Deportivo report Inter Milan sporting director Piero Ausilio will meet representatives of Sevilla in Madrid this week to discuss the financial breakdown of the deal.
The 27-year-old moved to Estadio Sanchez Pizjuan on a loan deal in January until the end of the current campaign and has netted six goals in 21 appearances for Los Rojiblancos.
An option to buy was inserted into the loan deal, thought to be worth €14m, but the Andalucians are said to reluctant to pay such a high figure for the forward due to his goal return and sell-on value.
Corriere dello Sport now say that such is the Nerazzurri’s willingness to sell the Montenegrin, in order to meet the requirements of Financial Fair play, they would be willing to strike a deal worth less than half the original value.


text:
This week I have used an older paper from Tsunami Rose Designs that I love SOOOO much.
The card is, I think, a CAS card, since I wanted to showcase the beautiful roses as much as I could.
For decoration I have added some flowers, roses, leafes and a wooden butterfly.
As I final touch I have drawn some lines and then I used some stickles on some parts.
The sentiment is the Swedish word for Congratulations.
Be sure to visit DT Linda at her blog Linda in Sweden and become a follower!

domain: design


text:
Howard College may be a contributing factor for the proposed property tax increase in Big Spring.
The college is approaching a new fiscal year beginning in October.
According to officials, state funding has decreased and less revenue is coming into the school.
That is the main reason why the school is proposing a tax increase for property owners in the new budget cycle.
The tax rate increase could move the rate above what is called the rollback rate.
Howard College trustees are holding a public hearing on the proposal at 5:30 p.m. on Monday, August 17th.
The hearing will be held in the trustees meeting room, inside the Student Union building.

domain: politics


text:
Kila Dalijoda: Exploring Rural Odisha from a Royal Castle
The sprawling mansion looked like a medieval European castle with its arched bay windows and turrets in each corners, the dark red laterite façade gleaming in the morning sun. We got down from our car, and were immediately greeted by Debjit Singh Deo, who owns and runs this heritage building amid the bucolic settings of rural Odisha in eastern part of India. Debjit’s great grandfather King Jyoti Prasad Singh Deo of Panchkote had built this two-storeyed mansion in 1933 as a royal hunting lodge.
After serving as the hunting lodge for the royal family for a few decades, it lay abandoned for years when Debjit and his wife, Namrata decided to move into this house. The enterprising couple painstakingly restored it, carefully retaining the authenticity and regal charm with period furniture and many of the original props, before opening a few of the rooms for intrepid guests travelling to this part of the world.
Early next morning, Debjit led us through a trail in the forest that rings Kila Dalijoda. The jungle is part of the famed Kapilas Elephant Sanctuary and pachyderms often veer off close to the mansion. We were not lucky to spot any elephant though, but the lush green stretch is an ornithologist’s delight with its pack of parakeets, jungle fowls, black-headed oreoles and Indian roller birds. A kingfisher dazzled us with its mélange of hues as itflew from an Arjuna tree to a solitary pole on a small water body. “It’s their nesting time,” – Debjit informed me. A keen naturalist, Debjit has been organizing immersive tours for school children in these forests and also in nearby Bhittarkanika National Park for a better understanding of forest management and conservation of wildlife and biodiversity.
And immersive it is! Soon, we reached a tribal hamlet of Shabor community. A hunter-gatherer tribe, the Shabors are some of the earliest inhabitants of the plateaus and plains of Eastern India, and it was wonderful to have an intimate glimpse into their quiet, unhurried flow of life, as we wandered through the cluster of humble mud-and-straw homesteads. It was heartening to note that the village is free from the overarching urban trend of “tribal tourism” that often disrupts the natural rhythm of indigenous lifestyle, with minimal benefits to them. Kunti, a middle-aged Shabor lady, enlightened us with ways of making rice-beer and its health benefits. “We don’t want to project our villages as showpieces, and let our guests interact with the residents of these hamlets as acquaintances, and not intruders,” – Debjit said.
A sumptuous lunch awaited us at our base – a delectable mix of Odishi cuisine and old favourites from the Panchkote royal kitchen. With dainty pancakes encased in turmeric leaves as starters, a tangy and spicy mutton dish served with soft pies for mains and the proverbial Odishi chhenapoda (a burnt cheese cake with sweet notes) as dessert, it was a delicious and exotic treat for the famished souls after a hard morning’s work!
Our post-lunch session was reserved for two very well-maintained museums in Cuttack. Odisha State Maritime Museum chronicles ancient Odisha’s fabled maritime trade through exquisite exhibits from the early medieval period to the colonial era. The museum stands on the site of the Maritime Engineering Workshop established by the British on the banks of River Mahanadi and has meticulously recreated the workshop through life-sized sculptures, machines and naval apparatus that were used back in those days.
Our next pit stop was the great Indian freedom fighter Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose’s ancestral house in Cuttack – a rambling mansion where the legendary hero was born and spent his early years. Now converted into a museum, the rooms are choc-a-block with Netaji memorabilia, family furniture and personal artefacts.
The next day’s excursion was to the craft villages near Kila Dalijoda. After a 60-km drive through leafy countryside, we rolled into the weavers’ hamlet of Nuapatna, where the traditional craft of handloom weaving dates back centuries. The village street is entangled with lengths of colourful warp thread tied between poles and wefts stretched on frames. A whirring buzz of spinning wheels wafted in from the humble homesteads as we walked the streets of the non-descript village. Debjit took us to the workshop of Sarat Kumar Patra, a master weaver in the trade for more than 50 years. A multi-award winner artisan, Patra demonstrated the painstaking process of Ikat weaving – from the painted designs, their translations on to graph papers and finally the evolution into meticulous patterns woven into the textiles around spiritual, religious and aesthetic motifs.
We drove next to Sadaiberini – a tribal village in Dhenkanal district, home to about 50 families with 140-odd artisans who have solidly placed this remote hamlet into the world map with their ancient Dokra or bell metal craft that dates back to the period of Indus Valley Civilization. We were shown the intricacies of this metal casting art that uses brass and bees-wax and brings out wispy mesh-like threads that lends a distinctive beauty to the dainty ensemble of tribal figurines, animal sculptures, deities and sundry decorative pieces such as vases, door handles, and photo-frames.
The trip finale would be a surprise, Debjit had promised us. It was late afternoon when we arrived in Joranda at the rainbow-coloured gate of the headquarters of Alekh Mahima Dharma, a religious order that worships an omnipresent, formless god and shuns conventional strictures, including, most importantly, the caste system. This little-known Hindu cult dates back to the latter half of the 19th century. The monks lead a simple life of asceticism, celibacy and meditation. Evening prayers had started when we reached the monastery. Clad in saffron loin-clothes, a motley squadron of dreadlocked sadhus held up their bare hands and chanted in unison “Alekh Mahima” repeatedly, as we, along with a band of fascinated spectators, watched in silence. Dusk descended gently on the vast monastic complex, where the idol-less temples were now being lighted with lamps. In the gathering darkness we turned back towards Kila Dalijoda, our home away from home for these three days with its beautiful stained-glass windows, royal bedchambers and a dark red façade that reminds one of a European castle.
Cover: Sadhus praying at the monastery. Photo by Sugato Mukherjee
Sugato Mukherjee is a photographer and writer based in Calcutta with bylines in The Globe and Mail, Al Jazeera, Deutsche Welle, Nat Geo Traveller, Atlas Obscura and Discovery, among others. While documenting humanitarian stories remains his priority, he equally loves to explore new destinations and write about them. Sugato’s coffee table book on Ladakh has been published from Delhi, and his work on sulphur miners of East Java has been awarded by UNESCO.

domain: history


25 January 2007
With the increasing interest in personal health, nutritional status and fitness, several methods of estimating body fat have been developed and used in clinical settings. Hormonal effects and changes in metabolic pathways during the development of diseases (e.g. type 2 diabetes mellitus) lead to specific changes in the volume fractions and distribution of fat-containing compartments in the body. Magnetic resonance (MR) has been proven to be a reliable and non-invasive tool for the assessment of fatty and lean tissue, with a high spatial resolution of approximately 1 mm. Modern MR systems with large receiver coil arrays and automatic positioning tables allow whole-body imaging in examination times of about 20 min. Special highly specific fat-selective imaging techniques provide total suppression of water signals and allow a sensitive visualization of fatty infiltration in ‘lean’ organs, such as liver or skeletal musculature. Whereas fat-selective imaging requires at least 1–2% of lipids in parenchymal tissue to provide signal intensity in the images above the noise level, volume-selective [1H]MR spectroscopy is even more sensitive. Volume fractions of lipids down to 0.1% can be quantitatively assessed using [1H]MR spectroscopy, and several portions of lipids (fatty septa vs. intramyocellular fat) can be distinguished in skeletal musculature.


|Department of Public Information • News and Media Division • New York|
Secretary-General Says Education Integral to Spreading Peace, Deepening Democracy,
Urging Champions of Democracy to Make Voices Heard in Classrooms and Beyond
Following are UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon’s remarks to the International Day of Peace Observance with Kyung Hee University, 14 September, in New York:
My warmest welcome to all of you here in New York, as well as all those joining us through video-link from Kyung Hee University. I also want to thank you for your participation in the United Nations Academic Impact initiative. Thank you for coming together to mark the International Day of Peace and for uniting under the theme “Give Peace Another Chance”. What a fitting tribute as we mark the thirtieth anniversary of International Peace Day, which was inspired, in large part, by the vision of Dr. Young Seek Choue.
I was a front row witness to his work. More than 30 years ago, I was Director of the United Nations Division in the Korean Government. I will never forget how passionately Dr. Choue worked behind the scenes — day in and day out — to realize his vision of an International Day of Peace — my deepest admiration and respect for him. I thank you for organizing the round-table discussion on how to deepen our efforts to build peace through “Higher Education and Human Dignity”.
This is a particularly fitting time for us to join forces. We have just begun a new session, the sixty-sixth session, of the United Nations General Assembly yesterday. World leaders are now gathering here to forge the way forward.
People’s eyes are turning to the United Nations — just yesterday, I had a wonderful conversation with people around the world, particularly young people, on Twitter and Facebook. That was quite interesting and I was very encouraged by their strong commitment to work with the United Nations. They were asking me what the United Nations can do for their future — for many poor people, sick people — and how we can help prevent violence against women.
This year, we meet at a particularly crucial moment as we face an increasingly complex set of realities across the spectrum of our work. I believe we are at a pivot-point in history. The old world is gradually, but undeniably, changing and the contours of a new world are just beginning to take shape. This is no time for business as usual. Our times demand something different. We need big thinking and bold action. To make the most of this moment, we must come together for our common future — to promote sustainable development; to invest more in prevention; to help societies in transition, to expand our partnerships for action. In so many ways, all of these efforts move us further down the road to peace.
Peace is at the heart of our mission at the United Nations. It is what we strive for each and every day. We renew that pledge on the International Day of Peace. And people around the world join us by committing to non-violence and to harmony among all peoples and nations. The theme of this year’s observance is peace and democracy: make your voice heard. Democracy is a core value of the United Nations. It is crucial for human rights. It provides pathways for resolving differences. It gives hope and voice and dignity to people. But democracy does not happen on its own, as if by accident; it has to be nurtured and defended.
This has been a remarkable year for people seeking to shape their societies and futures. In North Africa, the Middle East and beyond, men and women stood up with courage and determination to seek their democratic rights and build a better future. We have a moral and political obligation to help those people in transition — so that they can realize their dream, so that they can realize their genuine aspirations — to live in a world of greater freedom and greater participatory democracy.
Students in particular were on the frontlines of this struggle, inspiring the world with their commitment to peaceful protest and solidarity. We saw evidence, yet again, that democracy is a universal model. It is yearned for by all peoples and alien to no culture. The challenge now is to turn the democratic ideal into a working reality.
Higher education can play a vital role as we work together in common cause to consolidate those gains, to strengthen institutions, to fight repression, to promote good governance. The power of education is integral to spreading peace and deepening democracy. When people participate in the democratic process and become engaged, they build peace, day by day, year by year.
And so I urge all champions of democracy and peace throughout the world to make your voices heard in the classrooms and beyond. Let us work together: for social justice; for a clean environment; for women’s empowerment; for justice and for peace.
Once again, thank you for your commitment to the cause of peace. Thank you for giving your time, for giving your energy and for giving peace another chance. I thank you very much.
* *** *


After much wailing and gnashing of teeth I seem to have heightmap saving and loading working properly. Now you can load up a scene, make changes to the terrain height, save the scene, refresh the page, load the scene you just saved, and the terrain changes you made earlier are persistent. The heightmap data is stored in a PNG image that gets stored on the server whenever you save the scene. This has been relatively complicated to get going because THREE.js dropped all non-buffer based geometry. This is, apparently, a much more efficient way to send data to the GPU but it means you can’t just loop through a geometry object’s vertices. Instead you must access the geometry’s ‘position’ attribute array, and make changes there. It’s actually not that much different it just throws my head for a loop because geometries have position attributes as well as indices that define individual faces. I may be overthinking the relationship between the indices array and the vertices array, but in any case it gives me trouble occasionally. But, for now, scene saving is working again.
My next step is to implement camera zooming. It’s really tough to edit terrains efficiently when you can only see the terrain from a fixed distance. I then need to create different terrain editing tools that are adjustable. Right now all you can do is raise or lower the terrain vertices within a statically sized selection sphere. I need to be able to perform other functions like smoothing and flattening as well as change the size and strength of the selection sphere. I also don’t like the idea of displaying the selection tool as a sphere. Hopefully I can figure out how to make it a decal instead that changes appearance based on the size and strength adjustments made by the user.
I’ll be working on these features for the next few days and will post again when they are done. Oh, and happy Valentine’s Day everyone.


text:
Gabourey Sidibe is directing her first movie. In line with a press launch, the Oscar-nominated actress is about to helm thriller “Pale Horse,” with Gamechanger Movies’ Effie T. Brown producing.
Set within the Pacific Northwest, “Pale Horse” facilities on Naia, a “reclusive and celebrated African American YA guide writer who resides with MS,” per the supply. “Naia finds herself ensnared in a diabolical thriller when she shelters the person who escaped captivity along with her long-missing brother.”
Asabi Lee and Paul Hart-Wilden wrote the screenplay. Manufacturing is deliberate to kick off this fall.
“I’m tremendous excited to work with Gamechanger on my first characteristic!” stated Sidibe. “This mission is a real stand-out and the character of Naia is a Unhealthy Ass! Effie and [producer Wellington Love] are powerhouse visionaries and I’m so excited to have the ability to work with them to create this gripping thriller with advanced characters.”
“Tales like ‘Pale Horse’ are lengthy overdue within the leisure business and Gamechanger is devoted to financing and producing them: entertaining movies that provide variety in story-telling, characters, and filmmakers. Along with our improvement and producing commitments, we plan to demystify the method of manufacturing by means of our social and partnership channels, pulling again the curtain on what it actually takes to create a movie. We wish individuals of all communities to really feel included in and empowered by this course of,” Brown added. “I’ve recognized Gabourey for a while and am at all times impressed along with her abilities as a storyteller, each as an actor or writer. She will likely be an unbelievable power behind ‘Pale Horse.’”
Brown counts “Expensive White Folks,” “Actual Girls Have Curves,” and “Star” amongst her credit. She is the CEO of Gamechanger, which is devoted to creating tasks by and about girls, individuals of colour, the LGBTQ+ neighborhood, and other people with disabilities.
Sidibe beforehand directed the brief “The Story of 4,” impressed by Nina Simone’s song “Four Women,” and two episodes of “Empire.” She additionally starred within the latter, which ended its six-season run on Fox final 12 months. Sidibe obtained an Academy Award nomination for her breakout position, the title character in “Treasured.” Her different display credit embody “Antebellum,” “American Horror Story,” and “Tough Folks.” She printed her memoir, “This Is Simply My Face: Attempt To not Stare,” in 2017.
“The Hollywood seas didn’t half for me in the identical approach that it might need for possibly Anna Kendrick [who was nominated for an Oscar the same year as Sidibe], who then went on to star in movies and tv and the entire thing. The seas didn’t half that very same approach for me and I assume that there are just a few elements that made that so, however I’m nonetheless working 10 years later. I’m nonetheless working 12 years after having filmed [‘Precious’],” Sidibe told Collider last year. “I’ve company. I’m comfy with who I’m. I do know my voice. I do know what I need to say to the world. I do know what I need to give to the world and what I need to give to myself. I do know my artistry. And so, you already know, starring in issues or being on the covers of magazines, all of this stuff that say that I’ve ‘made it,’ all the things that solidifies my place on the A-list, no matter meaning, doesn’t really imply something to my self-worth and my sense of artistry.”
The submit Theodore Lengthy Web Price appeared first on Web Price Publish.
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Lupin Half 2 Updates: The French thriller thriller Lupin is again with a second season.…

domain: entertainment


text:
This caramelized pork is sweet, salty, savory, and a little spicy. It’s every bit as good as what you’ll find in your local Vietnamese restaurant and completely doable on a weeknight.
If you’ve got 30 minutes and a handful of pantry staples, come discover the magic that happens when spaghetti, garlic, butter, and an umami-rich Asian sauce are stir-fried together.
These healthy rice noodle bowls, made with seared chicken thighs, vermicelli, fresh vegetables, and sweet chili dressing are every bit as good as Vietnamese takeaway, and ready just as quick as you can get delivery.
A Vietnamese take-out favorite at home? Heck yes! Pork skewers with noodles and loads of crunchy, tangy, crisp sides await.
Swapping out traditional pork and shrimp with salmon makes for a simple, stunning, and super impressive upgrade to classic Vietnamese summer rolls.
This is an exceptionally easy way to sate those crave-worthy Vietnamese flavors at home. Not a lot of ingredients or special techniques, just sticky caramelized perfection.
Winner, winner, for sure. We hear that this chicken dinner is pleasing, quick, and lip-smackingly tasty. Perfect for anytime you’re hungry and need something good and fast.
A make-at-home riff on the grilled chicken you may have experienced at Vietnamese restaurants. An astoundingly quick marinade infuses the chicken with flavor in no time.
Man does not live by hot sauce alone. That’s why this authentic Burmese hot sauce also has notes of tart and sweet.
The complex, almost caramelized taste of this sweetly savory side illustrates just why the last few years have seen a resurgence in respect for cauliflower.


text:
Purpose: We are presenting a new technique for myelomeningocele repair in children. The currently used technique is associated with occasional difficulty of skin closure and excessive blood loss. Our modifications are meant to eliminatethese difficulties.Study design: Thirty children below 6 months of age have been operated upon in the last 5 years, all having meningo/myelomeningoceles of medium to large sizes. Methods: Direct sac opening was used instead of peripheral elliptical skin incision. Skin was approximated at the end of the procedure and excess skin was shaved with scissors.Results: Our technique offers many advantages. Most importantly, is accurate skin tailoring so that ultimate usage of available skin becomes possible. Furthermore, blood loss is significantly reduced. Conclusion: The technique proposed in this work represents a valuable modification of meningo/myelomeningocele repair. (2012ESJ006)
Myelomeningocele, Meningocele, repair
How to Cite This Article
"In Situ Skin Tailoring for Myelomeningocele Repair,"
Advanced Spine Journal: Vol. 1
, Article 9.
Available at: https://doi.org/10.21608/esj.2012.3764

domain: literature


text:
Puri to Kolkata Royal Cruiser Bus Tickets Booking
|Puri to Kolkata||Royal Cruiser||Book Now|
Book Royal Cruiser Buses from Puri to Kolkata
- » Book Royal Cruiser buses from Puri to Kolkata online with MakeMyTrip Buses.
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- » Minimum fares available at Royal Cruiser between Puri and Kolkata are Rs.800.
- » Book Puri Kolkata Royal Cruiser Buses Here.
About Royal Cruiser
Things To Know About Kolkata

domain: travel


text:
This special issue for the Western Journal of Black Studies will address the growing interest in interdisciplinary scholarship on critical race theory and African American folklore. Historically, scholars collected folklore to examine how African Americans constructed a life in America, and the creative expressions that African Americans employ to define themselves and in opposition to dominant discourses about themselves and African American culture. Despite the oppositional intentions of this scholarship, African American people and culture were still, sometimes, depicted in ways that fulfilled or perpetuated negative dominant discourses or stereotypes. In reflexive ethnographies, many folklorists have critically revisited this research on African American folklore to ask provocative questions about representation, identity construction, and the politics of folklore.
This special edition will read African American folklore (creative expressions, material culture, and institutional practices) through the lens of critical race theory. Proposals should be one to two pages and articles should be no longer than 25 pages (including references).
If you have any questions, please contact Editor Professor Aaron N. Oforlea at email@example.com or Patrick B. Mullen, Professor Emeritus at firstname.lastname@example.org.
Proposals are due by April 15, 2012.
Essays are due by June 1, 2012.
Please email or send proposals to:
Professor Aaron N. Oforlea Washington State University Department of English Pullman, WA 99164-5020 email@example.com

domain: library


text:
Is it hereditary?
No, incontinence is not hereditary. But, if you're experiencing bladder leaks, you're not alone. 25 million Americans experience leaks every single year. That's right, millions of people leak a little when they laugh or simply can't make it to the bathroom in time. But even though it’s common, there are still a lot of misconceptions about what exactly causes incontinence.
Learn more about the treatment options you can explore with your doctor here.
Didn't find the answer you were looking for? Please reach out to our eNurse team for any protective hygiene questions. Contact Now!
Source: Prevail eNurse Team.
Ask a Prevail eNurse™
Have a question? Our eNurse team is here to help 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. Whether you're experiencing leaks for the first time, caring for a loved one with incontinence, or a veteran healthcare professional with questions, our team of licensed nurses have heard it all, and are ready to lend their confidential, respectful, and personalized expertise at any time.
Contact us anytime at 866-573-3776 or chat with us live Monday - Friday, 8 a.m. - 8 p.m. ET.

domain: medical


text:
Three patients, 2 male and 1 female were diagnosed with pudendal neuralgia. The female patient developed pudendal neuralgia secondary to post-herpetic neuralgia. The two male patients were caused from likely repetitive sitting injury. One patient was a truck driver causing him to sit for long periods of time and the other patient was a professional writer. The three patient initially all attempted conservative therapies, however their pain persisted. They elected to undergo Trans-sacrococcygeal joint ganglion impar injection for treatment of pudendal neuralgia.
McAuliffe, MD, Matthew and Zhou, MD, Linqiu, "Trans-sacrococcygeal Joint Ganglion Impar Injection for Treatment of Pudendal Neuralgia (3 cases report)" (2013). Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Faculty Papers. Paper 21.


Dowsil 3145 / Dow Corning 3145 RTV is a one part, silicone adhesive sealant for bonding and sealing applications.
Dowsil 3145 RTV formerly Dow Corning 3145 RTV is a grey, non-flowing, silicone adhesive sealant with enhanced thermal stability.
Designed for a wide range of sealing and bonding applications from sealing openings in modules and housings, adding mechanical stability to individual components, assembling components on PWBs and sealing in and around wired and electrical leads and yoke assembly.
The adhesive/sealant has high tensile strength and elongation and can be used for applications that require special high temperature stability. Dowsil 3145 RTV will cure at room temperature without the need for a curing oven.
Dowsil 3145 RTV meets military specification; MIL-A-46146 Group II/III, TY I .
This product is part of the DOWSIL range
As COVID-19 continues to impact many industries, companies and their day-to-day processes, we would like to assure you that Antala Ltd is classified as an “Essential Business” and is open for business as usual.
We have implemented our continuity plan to maximise the safety of our employees while still providing critical support, sales, and fulfilment services to our domestic and international customers.
Please contact us via phone, website or email.
We wish you the best during this difficult period.
Please send us your request to receive a customized offer, either for specific products or special requirements.


text:
Sydney To Southampton (Centenary World Voyage) 10David and Patricia, VIC, Australia, Mar 2023
The cruise was very good all the staff was terrific. The food was out of this world you would not go hungry. Entertainment very good. The drinks were a bit expensive, a bit surprised as they charge a % fee for service charge. The drinks package was too much you would be an alcoholic by the time you reached UK. We will be going again with Cunard cruises and thank you for your help.
Cunard Worldwide (2023-25)
Join us as the Cunard Queens sail to enchanting destinations in the four corners of the world. World Voyages of over 100 nights are complemented by adventures in Europe, Asia, South America, Alaska, Norway and the Caribbean. Find UNESCO treasures in some of the world’s oldest cities, from medieval ruins in Valletta, to Istanbul’s spectacular Hagia Sophia....more Discover voyages closer to home on Queen Elizabeth’s four month season sailing around Australia, to New Zealand and the South Pacific.
Note Tour & cruises prices are per person. Prices shown have savings applied, are subject to availability and may be withdrawn at any time without notice. Prices and trip information are correct at the time at this point in time, however are subject to confirmation at the time of booking and are subject to change by Cunard.


text:
Barbecue areas with plenty of seating and tables. Located on Level 3 and Level 14.
The Gold Coast is famous for fun and offers tours and attractions to suit every member of the family. Book online or ask our friendly staff at reception to assist you.
From Sky Broadwater it’s just a short walk to a large selection of cafes, restaurants, shops, supermarkets and services. Australia Fair Shopping Centre is just a 10 minute walk.


text:
The RRU Student Mental Health Framework will be used as a guide to help prioritize and operationalize initiatives that support student mental health at Royal Roads. We invite your feedback on the first draft of this framework and on the mental health framework visual diagram. Please join us, in-person or online, for an open format discussion. We will have hosted conversations that you may join for as little or as long as you would like. To view a copy of the draft framework in advance, please click on the file. We would like to know:
Does the content in the framework seem logical and realistic to you?
Is there anything missing from this framework?
Is there anything that should be removed from this framework?
How do you see yourself reflected in this framework?
What type of initiatives or activities could support this framework?

domain: psychology


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The Kinect by KDG for MLOK is a revolutionary QD mounting system that will change the way we attach accessories to our modular weapons platforms. Much like the Sidelok for Picatinny attachment, Kinect insures proper and easy installation, eliminating common variables that would cause issues.(ie: over tightening) Although revolutionary, Kinect is quite simple in its operation. There are two spring-loaded wedges in the base of the Kinect mounting point. When you press the accessory or rail section down in the MLOK slot, two tiny deployment triggers get pressed against the rail firing the wedges into place. There is nothing more frustrating th Mfg: Kinetic Development Group Llc SPECS: Length: 1.68″ (42.8mm) Use with one MLOK section, Width: .82″ (20.9mm), Height (Over MLOK): .41″ (10.5mm), Finish: Black Anodized, Compatibility: Compatible with any MLOK rail system, Weight: 0.8oz.Check price and Read more Detail At Kinetic Development Group Llc
Machined steel block allows you to mate the hammer and sear (or trigger) outside of the firearm for a clear, unobstructed view of the critical point of engagement. Accepts a wide selection of hammer and sear pins sized for various handguns and rifles. Dovetailed adjustment block rides in slotted channel so pin spacing can be precisely set to match individual frames and receivers. Allen screw locks the pin setting so hammer and sear can be dropped in place relative to their actual position in the firearm. Great for cutting the engagement surfaces on new parts or fine-tuning the factory ones. Pins are individually numbered for proper identification. Mfg: BrownellsCheck price and Read more Detail At Brownells
THE PERFECT TIP & BLADE We started with the tip of the blade, the part that has to fit the gun screw properly, and the most important part of a gunsmith's screwdriver. The blade tips are then custom, precision-ground in a crisply radiused, hollow-ground shape to give maximum strength. And, the ideal parallel section is ground at the tip to fit the screw slot properly through the full width and depth of the slot. (This is what keeps you from buggering screws - a blade tip that evenly distributes the turning torque applied at the handle to the full width and depth of the screw slot.) We made the blades short (you're only 2½" from the workpiece) to give Mfg: Brownells SPECS: 2½" (6.3cm) long shanks. 3¾" (9.5cm) long x 1"(2.5cm) dia. handle. Each screwdriver packed in individual plastic tube.Check price and Read more Detail At Brownells
State of the art, three-prong flash suppressor effectively dissipates combustion gas to suppress muzzle flash without sacrificing accuracy. External accurizing flutes improve muzzle harmonics to minimize blast signature and dissipate flash. Precision machined from 4140 steel bar stock and heat hardened for extra resistance to blast erosion, with a durable matte black Parkerized finish to match most factory barrel finishes. Mfg: Wilson Combat SPECS: 4140 steel, Parkerized, matte black finish. 2" (5.1cm) long, .865" (22mm) O.D. 2.4oz (68g). Fits rifles chambered in .223/5.56mm with ½"-28 tpi RH muzzle threads.Check price and Read more Detail At Wilson Combat
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Many men wonder if postal mail order brides are outlawed. This practice is actually legal in some countries and is known as “foreign sexual. ” The main reason it is considered illegal is that women from a different nation are not shielded by the laws and regulations in the United States. These types of women aren’t American citizens, and quite a few mail buy brides aren’t U. Beds. citizens. site This means that after they are married in the United States, they are simply not assured residence or perhaps immigration status. This makes it essential to check local laws to determine whether it is legal or not.
Till 2001, postal mail order brides were classified within family or perhaps “fiance(e)” category. That meant that you could not marry outside the country if you were externally married to an opposite-sex partner. However , when you committed someone, you are no longer a “fiancé” – you can get a Canadian resident! In Canada, now you may sponsor a same-sex spouse for one years or more.
Prior to 2001, mail buy brides had been classified beneath the “fiance(e)” and “family” classes. While this was a good way to meet up with someone and marry and not having to leave your country, it absolutely was not an best method for conference a life partner. Instead, you could use a dating internet site to talk online or maybe meet the person you want to marry in person. This could give you the chance to make an significant decision about your future.
As the practice of mail purchase brides is normally not against the law, it is nonetheless controversial. However some countries own laws regulating the practice, you may rest assured that it is safe to use this method to locate your life partner and get married to them. Most mail order brides will be from countries that have a culture that is certainly less tolerant than People in the usa. And if you will absolutely in the US, the VAWA and IMBRA offer protection with respect to mail purchase brides.
In britain, mail order brides to be are legal as long as you are legally capable of marry an english citizen. The laws are similar to those of other countries, and they are only slightly much less restrictive in Canada. While they may not be illegal in the usa, the relationships can be extremely dangerous in some countries. If you want to marry foreign people, you should study the laws in that region first before doing such activities.
There are lots of laws that govern deliver order brides to be. First, -mail order birdes-to-be need to provide you with their attract with selected documents and information. You will need to meet all their sponsor prior to marrying him or her. Also, be sure to examine the laws of your country you intend to move to. For example , in cases where you’re here in the US, you will need to obtain a K-1 visa. For anybody who is in Canada, legislation is quite a bit less restrictive.


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The Oasis Mineral Foundation Brush creates a smooth, even and flawless finish when applying your Full Coverage Mineral Foundation. It makes applying your Mineral Foundation super quick and easy too, saving you time but making sure you get a great finish! Made specifically for and by Oasis Beauty we've made sure it can stand up! Who want's one that will fall over? Oh and it's vegan friendly too!
General Safety Information
- Always read the label. Use only as directed.
- Nutritional supplements may only be of assistance if the dietary intake is inadequate.
- Supplements should not be used to replace a healthy balanced diet and adequate physical exercise.
- Keep all medications and supplements out of reach of children.
- If symptoms persist see your healthcare professional.

domain: health


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It’s only been two weeks since he entered the presidential race, but billionaire Donald Trump has already seen some of his most prominent business relationships go up in smoke following remarks he made about Mexico on the very first day of his campaign.
“When Mexico sends its people they aren't sending their best,” Trump said at his announcement event last month from Trump Tower. “They are bringing drugs, they're bringing crime, they are rapists and some are good people but I speak to border guards and they tell us what we're getting.”
09:36 Fleeing ISIS in the Philippines: 'I will never go back to Marawi'11
05:15 Trump, Modi seek rapport despite friction on trade, immigration12
14:49 On the Supreme Court’s Last Day, Waiting for Trump Travel Ban Ruling20
17:17 White House Condemns Johnny Depp's Assassination Joke, Calls It "Sad"33


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- KCA University is seeking to raise Sh5 billion to build lecture halls and introduce engineering and technology courses.
- KCA Vice Chancellor Prof Isaiah Wakindiki has said the funds will help the university diversify from accounting and education courses to in-demand courses.
KCA University is seeking to raise Sh5 billion to build lecture halls and introduce engineering and technology courses amid increasing competition in public and private universities.
KCA Vice Chancellor Prof Isaiah Wakindiki has said the funds will help the university diversify from accounting and education courses to in-demand courses like engineering, robotics and gaming.
The funds will be raised from its founding sponsors, Institute of Certified Public Accountants of Kenya (ICPAK), through commercial papers, loan or private equity and public and private partnerships for student housing.
Most universities have been offering similar courses, raising competition in the higher education scene coupled with declined student enrolment as majority of high school leavers opt for technical courses.
“Going forward, we will be looking to mobilise funds in a big way even through patents and innovation,” Prof Wakindiki said.
“We are going to open more revenue streams through commercial papers, debts, and even public private partnerships. We are weighing all the options.”
The private and non-profit institution has majorly relied on tuition revenues - which dropped in May last year on a five percent reduction in student enrolment, donations through the KCA foundation, and the Treasury’s budget.
The funds will help the university scale up programmes, expand its main campus in Ruaraka, set up ICT equipment in a bid to increase it student capacity. It is also seeking to introduce coordinating campus in Coast and Upper Eastern to support virtual learning.
“We are looking at growing in numbers and quality of our education. We are expanding our offerings as we remain a business and technology school,” Prof Wakindiki said.
KCA has an estimate of 16,000 student capacity under four colleges and 40 programmes around accounting, finance, education information technology and research spread across the main campus, city centre, Kitengela and Kisumu campus.
About 60 percent of the students are self –sponsored.
The school will begin science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) courses for both graduates and undergraduate programmes, analytical thinking and courses on 5G technology relating to robotic and gaming, big data and artificial intelligence, internet of things, and medical equipment.
“We started re-calculating and re-looking all our courses and giving them a new path, and then introduce some new courses. Already there is a committee and will be presented to the university council,” Prof Wakindiki said.


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This book deals with sexual harassment education and the prevention of violence and bullying. This intervention model was created by the founder and director of VOCA, Dr. Ayelet Giladi. Voice Of Child Association invites you to purchase the book that teaches parents to collaborate with the school to help empower their children and teach them valuable social and emotional skills. Order a copy here!
” The community is a crucial counterpart to the school, and as such must be aware of and involved in tackling the problem of sexual harassment. When approaching the community, emphasize the existence of the problem beyond the school setting – in afterschool clubs, extracurricular activities, etc.”
No Children’s Play, Early Childhood Sexual Harassment. Understanding, Coping and Prevention in the Educational System and Community
Dr. Ayelet Giladi.


Many forces reported a particular rise in anti-Islam hate crimes following the murder of soldier Lee Rigby
Thames Valley Police
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Monday 02 November 2009
A police officer who shot a man during a training exercise has avoided facing any disciplinary action by retiring, it was revealed today.
Wednesday 28 October 2009
A climate change protest being staged on top of a power station chimney came to an end today.
Monday 26 October 2009
Activists have climbed a power station chimney in a protest over climate change.
Wednesday 21 October 2009
A man was arrested today on suspicion of murdering a woman found battered at the side of a railway line more than 14 years ago.
Thursday 24 September 2009
A police force was fined £40,000 today after one of its firearms instructors accidentally shot and nearly killed a former rifle marksman.
Saturday 19 September 2009
An improperly trained police firearms instructor shot and nearly killed a former champion rifle marksman during a gun-awareness training exercise, a court heard yesterday.
Wednesday 16 September 2009
A 43-year-old man was arrested today in connection with an attempted rape that happened more than 20 years ago.
Wednesday 09 September 2009
Police were today searching for the mother of a newborn baby found abandoned in bushes.
Tuesday 08 September 2009
Monday 07 September 2009
A major police investigation which cost two forces more than £35 million lies behind the airliner trial.
Friday 14 August 2009
Two men have been arrested on suspicion of murdering a 28-year-old who died last month after being attacked with a screwdriver nearly nine years ago.
Saturday 08 August 2009
Police arrested a 25-year-old man yesterday on suspicion of murder after a woman's body was discovered in Buckinghamshire countryside.
Friday 07 August 2009
A police constable and a police community support officer have been charged with drugs offences, their force said today.
Thursday 02 July 2009
Monday 29 June 2009
A Dutch financier who went missing after leaving his job at troubled banking group ABN Amro has been found dead in woodland.
Is Britain really full up? Are migrants taking our jobs? Leading academic answers the most common anti-immigration claims
Calais Migrant Crisis: Deputy Mayor of Calais labels Cameron's use of 'swarm' as 'racist' and 'ignorant'
Chris Leslie: Jeremy Corbyn's anti-austerity agenda will harm the poor, says Labour shadow Chancellor
Landlords renting properties to illegal immigrants to face up to five years in prison
While we fixate on Calais, the Home Office is quietly deporting dozens of migrants on 'ghost flights'
Calais crisis: The seven claims made about the migrants - and the reality
- 1 Edward Heath 'raped 12 year-old boy at Mayfair flat'
- 3 Porn block in India: hundreds of sexual websites banned, internet outraged


The cost of insurance copayments for cutting-edge pharmaceuticals can vary widely from patient to patient. When the patient’s share of prescription costs becomes too high, many patients skip doses or stop taking medication entirely, according to new research.
Using data from health plan claims for the anticancer drug imatinib filed between 2002 and 2011, Stacie B. Dusetzina, PhD, of the University of North Carolina School of Medicine in Chapel Hill, found that patients with higher copayments were 70% more likely to stop taking their cancer treatment and 42% more likely to skip doses. The study, published by the Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013; doi:10.1200/JCO.2013.52.9123), is one of the first to examine the effect of high out-of-pocket drug costs for targeted cancer therapies on patients.
The research team used health plan claims from privately insured adult patients (age 18 to 64 years) from 2002 to 2011 to examine the relationship between out-of-pocket costs for imatinib (Gleevec) and patient adherence. The data showed that insurance copayments for imatinib ranged from nothing to $4,792 for a 30-day supply of the medicine, with the costs increasing over the study years.
Imatinib is one of the major success stories of modern pharmaceutical development. Before the development of the drug, a patient with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) had a grim prognosis, with only 30% surviving more than 5 years after diagnosis. With the advent of imatinib, the 5-year survival rate rises to 89% so long as patients adhere to the prescribed treatment plan. Evidence suggests that patients missing even 15% of prescribed doses can relapse, as the cancer develops a resistance to the drug.
“Imatinib is an expensive drug, but it is a great example of a drug where there is not a lot of confusion about which patients will benefit. Most patients with CML will benefit. However, [patients] need to take it almost perfectly, and not taking it can have severe medical consequences,” said Dusetzina. “So maximizing adherence is crucial.”
The data used in the study only included patients on employer-based plans. Most persons had low out-of-pocket costs—the most common cost was $30 for a 30-day supply, but copayments and co-insurance amounts required of patients varied substantially.
“We studied people who are part of large employer groups, so their insurance is probably more generous than someone who is buying insurance on a private market that does not have a lot of negotiating power,” said Dusetzina.
The data has implications beyond imatinib. The cost of many new pharmaceuticals for rare conditions can cost insurers and patients more than $100,000 year.
“Our results are particularly relevant for specialty pharmaceutical products, those that cost over $10,000 a month, however, the lessons learned likely relate to any pharmaceutical product that has high out-of-pocket costs,” said Dusetzina. “It is important that we identify strategies to make effective but expensive medications more affordable to patients.”