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Look again at Henri Cartier-Bresson’s photograph Behind the Gare Saint-Lazare in Part Three. (If you can get to the Victoria & Albert Museum in London you can see an original print on permanent display in the Photography Gallery.) Is there a single element in the image that you could say is the pivotal ‘point’ to which the eye returns again and again? What information does this ‘point’ contain?
Include a short response to Behind the Gare Saint-Lazare in your learning log. You can be as imaginative as you like. In order to contextualise your discussion you might want to include one or two of your own shots, and you may wish to refer to Rinko Kawauchi’s photograph mentioned above or the Theatres series by Hiroshi Sugimoto discussed in Part Three. Write about 150–300 words.
Henri Cartier-Bresson, Behind the Gare Saint-lazare.
The element that my eye is immediately drawn to and returns again to is the man’s lower heel. The silhouette of the reflection and his hovering frozen form almost meet as a shadow would at the point of this heel. I feel tension as I anticipate the heel touching down and breaking the surface of the water. This single point contains information about the leap of the man, gravity pulling him down, the stillness of the water (shown by his reflection) and his direction of travel.
By no means as interesting as Cartier- Bresson’s image is mine below. It does however share the similarity of symmetry of legs and heels, not shown by a reflection but by the position and movement of two people.
Niki South (2016)
Cartier-Bresson has said that when taking this photo he just stuck his camera through the railings and that capturing this image was just luck. However we know that he was a master of geometrical composition and the decisive moment, so we should assume that he had assessed the scene and had a good idea what would occur and what he was likely to capture. In her Illuminance series Kawauchi shows “offhand compositional mastery, as well as its ability to incite wonder via careful attention to tiny gestures and the incidental details of her everyday environment”. (Chandler, n d). Her images are also “keenly observational and somehow heightened in their extraordinary sense of intimacy”, (O’Hagan, S, 2011) such as in this image where she captures, as Cartier-Bresson in “Behind the Gare Saint-lazare”, the inevitable fall of feet.
It’s interesting that though her work in Illuminance is so different to the work of Henri Cartier-Bresson, she captures as he did “the mindful awareness of what is special in simple things” (lens culture, 2016). I like the way that she strives to make the viewer ask questions when reading an image; she says an image is like a prologue “You wonder, ‘What’s going on?’ You feel something is going to happen’ (Andia, nd); narrative may be more important to her than planned composition.
So in responding to Behind the Gare Saint-lazare, I return to the comments in Expressing Your Vision handbook that a photograph “is more than just information – it can contain a story. And the photographer is more than just a recorder of information – she’s a storyteller.” (EYV p ).Despite his emphasis on composition there are many elements of story-telling in his picture: Why is the man in a hurry? Where is he going? Why is he rushing through/over the water?
Andia, L (n,d) The culture trip: Ten things you should know about Rinko Kawauchi http://theculturetrip.com/asia/japan/articles/rinko-kawauchi-10-things-you-should-know-about-the-first-lady-of-japanese-photography/ (Accessed 24.6.16)
Chandler, D (n,d) Aperture. Photographs by Rinko Kawauchi Essay by David Chandler. http://aperture.org/shop/books/illuminance-rinko-kawauchi (Accessed 24.6.16)
Kawauchi (n,d) http://www.rinkokawauchi.com/main/Illuminance_eg.html (Accessed 24.6.16)
Lens Culture (2016) Illuminance Photographs by Rinko Kawauchi. https://www.lensculture.com/articles/rinko-kawauchi-illuminance (Accessed 24.6.16)
O’Hagan, S (2011) The Guardian. Worlds apart: who has the best shot at winning the Deutsche Börse prize? https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2011/dec/07/deutsche-borse-prize-photography-2012 (Accessed 24.6.16)


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Home Remodeling Contractor concepts can assist you a lot if you would like to embellish your home this year. There square measure many ideas but taking from the trend is the best one. 2017 are going to be awesome for Home Remodeling Contractor concepts. It appears that sunny and bright colors will the popular. Those cheerful colours area unit mixed with happy and outstanding motifs and patterns. Letís take a look a bit bit about the application of these 2017 style concepts for home.
2017 is that the right time to be more relax and focus on your hobby. Before that, you must redecorate your space to get freshman atmosphere. one in all perfect colors for 2017 Home Remodeling Contractor concepts is bright green. Bright green is chosen thanks to recent sensation. It appears that by applying bright inexperienced color, you are starting a new issue with positive feeling. To balance your room, youll be able to mix the bright inexperienced beside brown, wooden materials, little plants, paintings, and many a lot of. Black and white or equid pattern is also a decent option to provide a lot of variation thereon room. Donít forget to manage your favorite things like books, toys, and any reasonably it there. Overall, you may have a cozy area to relax while doing all of your hobby.
Looking at an empty wall are often boredom generally. If youve got such kind of feeling, youll be able to take one in all 2017 Home Remodeling Contractor ideas here. it is expressed that happy and robust pattern become the characteristic of Home Remodeling Contractor concepts in 2017. To fill the empty wall, it is attainable to convey animal patterns. swing butterflies accent on the wall could be a nice example. Butterfly has distinctive natural pattern and color. its conjointly representing joyful and happiness. By applying this kind of design, you appear to own new optimism to begin a brand new day. to make it simple and faster, youll apply wallpaper with butterfly pattern. just remember that such reasonably pattern isnt just for childrenís area any longer. you will apply on your favorite rooms at home.
Play with pattern makes your area appearance great and comfortable. Donít limit yourself by exploitation a similar pattern. try and mix several patterns in one area. Let say, you can obtain pillow covers with combine patterns and apply it to the couch pillow or master bed pillows. you furthermore may get accessories with single pattern but certify that you just have quite 2 options. Then, combine it together. youll be able to apply it for the blanket, table cowl, wall, table lamps and plenty of additional. It creates distinctive and completely different close around the area.
Which one among Home Remodeling Contractor concepts you wish to try? Hopefully, your can really get different atmosphere when redecorating your home with the most recent Home Remodeling Contractor ideas on top of.

domain: design


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What is Rett Syndrome?
Rett syndrome (RTT) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by the loss of spoken language and hand use, coupled with the development of distinctive hand stereotypes.
This disorder is seen in infancy and occurs almost exclusively in females. It is usually caused by a mutation of the MECP2 gene on the X chromosome.
Rett syndrome is found in all racial and ethnic groups throughout the world. It affects one in every ten thousand live female births.
Early developmental milestones appear normal, but between 6-18 months of age, there is a delay or regression in development, particularly affecting speech, hand skills and gait.
A hallmark of Rett syndrome is repetitive hand movements that may become almost constant while awake. Other more common medical issues encountered include epileptic seizures, muscle stiffness, osteoporosis and scoliosis.
Despite its multiple handicaps, Rett syndrome is not a degenerative disease. Many individuals with Rett syndrome live long into adulthood.
There is currently no cure.
Who is O.R.S.A.?
The Ontario Rett Syndrome Association (O.R.S.A.) is a volunteer, not-for-profit charity for parents, caregivers, researchers, medical professionals and other interested agencies and individuals. O.R.S.A. became incorporated in 1991. The association provides support to families, awards grants for Canadian research projects, funds three Rett syndrome clinics and developed the Canadian Rett Syndrome Registry. O.R.S.A. advocates to the needs of individuals with Rett syndrome and their families provincially and nationally.
The Ontario Rett Syndrome Association (O.R.S.A.) exists to ensure that children and adults with Rett Syndrome are enabled to achieve their full potential and enjoy the highest quality of life within their community.

domain: biology


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Modified & Classic Charity Car Show
Not a WDCVC organised show show – see below
A charity event and raising food for our local food bank. Hemel.
Entry fee will be an item of food that will be donated directly to them on site . So be part of something that will make a difference. Bring the family
For more information visit our facebook page

domain: food


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Finalize on a design that will perfectly suit you and the type of person you are. Find a tattoo artist, This shouldn't be much of a hard task at all. Every city has tattoo designs, just look on the Internet if you have trouble. Test your tattoo design, Have your tattoo design done on your body.
Most people today count on the web to provide them information, which signifies you'll find a website that provides you patterns which can be free of charge. Naturally, there isn't any this kind of thing as 100 % free; therefore, the internet site could be promoting you a particular design and most likely many styles. Also, there are coming from some other websites.
Check if someone you already know has experienced tattoos successfully done on them? Afterward be aware of the method of health and safety processes they stick to it. Make sure they work with a sterilized needle for every customer is extremely important.
Some primitive tribes use tattooing as a rite of social status. The Maori, of New Zealand use tattooing primarily for this purpose. To the Maori, a person's Moko designs enhanced their prestige and show transition from one social status to another. At its highest level, Moko designs proclaimed the sacredness of chieftainship.


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Ralph Mollis may be on his way out for now, but it would appear he doesn’t want to burn too many bridges, just in case. According to the Providence Journal, outgoing Secretary of State A. Ralph Mollis has determined that former Attorney General Patrick C. Lynch (who represents a parade of horribles including Caesar’s Palace and Monsanto) did not violate the state lobbying laws in his interactions with current AG Peter Kilmartin by not registering as a lobbyist.
Under Rhode Island law, a person must register as a lobbyist if he or she is being paid to promote, oppose or influence any policymaking decisions or actions by the executive branch. Lawyers are exempt if they are “participating in an administrative or judicial proceeding.”
So if the attorney general is proceeding against your client in a civil, criminal, or administrative matter, you can defend your client in that action. That’s fine. But this is part of Lynch’s rationale to the Secretary of State;
“All of my interactions with the attorney general … have involved federal, state or multi-state legal issues,” Lynch wrote in a 6-page letter to Mollis Dec. 1. “All of my interactions … have been as an attorney representing a client who has an interest in a pending or proposed legal matter.”
Yeah . . . lobbying.
We first covered this story last month when The New York Times took notice. The New York Times has been covering the increasing influence of lobbyists on state attorneys general — “Lobbyists, Bearing Gifts, Pursue Attorneys General.” So this is a new front we have to keep our eyes on.

domain: law


Deer hunting is an activity in which deer are pursued and killed. It began who are only 7000 British columbia. There are different associated with deer, that are hunted. People choose the mix they want and go for it. Hunters may stalk the deer by using the signs and trails of the deer, or waiting where deer seem to travel or by flushing deer towards a line of hunters. They will even use dogs to drive the deer out of their bedding in order to a place where the a hunter can get a shot.
Storm Rifle – plasma/0.5% per shot: The Storm rifle could be the only covenant assault gun. It is very similar to the plasma rifle and the plasma repeater from Halo Reach. Was clickable . rifle is the most accurate assault rifle around the has quite high recoil. Should hold in the trigger, it becomes very inaccurate after finally or 4th shot. Fire in short, controlled bursts to overcome the recoil. I don’t suggest that you apply the storm rifle when fighting the covenant, and when fighting Promethean knights, You must use the suppressor instead because occasion more available and deals higher damage per an additional.
Binary Rifle: The binary rifle 410 ammo is by far the strongest sniper rifle in the sport. It deals enough damage to kill you with one little body shot, and generally kill most Promethean knights with only two headshots. For this reason, it truly is a great weapon to have when fighting knights, especially since could certainly kill them from a distance. If a Promethean is going to fire the binary rifle, a red halo appears over its head. When you see this, take cover rapidly.
Weight: Heavier pellets cause more injury to its target, especially at close ranges; additionally, typically only be taken with more efficient Airsoft sniper rifles.
Charles Daly youth shotguns are ability on the market, won’t be done in I am concerned. Their youth shotguns come altogether sizes and colors, meaning black, camo or . With all of the options get been available, you will need to determine definitely using it for and who uses it. The youth models CDGF 3689 — Field Hunting VR-MC, Youth as well as the CDGF 3744 — Field Hunting VR-MC, AP Youth are two of the most popular. 35 Remington ammo for sale is your standard black synthetic and the 3744 is the AP Camo, either of which are tennis shoes in reality. The camo is of course somewhat higher on outlay.
I do not store my ammo your market usual cardboard boxes instead a regarding plastic military style ammo ales. These cans any certain associated with protect to my valuable collection and tends take care of the them from rusting or getting moistened. When I begun the inventory I was well conscious that I we hadn’t opened a part of those plastic ammo cans in many years. Although I got it sure the ammo would still join a serviceable condition, There we were still bracing myself with the few unexpected surprises. Kept I previously had thought were long gone, magically appeared again such as my pistol, style miniature crossbow.
Charles Brock was warned that if he attemptedto flim flam the narcs he would find himself in a good deal more trouble than he ever thought possible.and the cops were true to their words!!!
Once get your chaps, you may change the length by cutting to size with a pointy utility knife or sharp scissors. Measure the desired length in sitting position if you like them long, though they pull up when you bend your legs. Mark them on inside where it won’t show before cutting. When would prefer them cut professionally, are able to take then to a leather shop and keep it done to enjoy a few dollars usually.


Mountain Hemlock Zone
The MH zone occurs at subalpine elevations along the Coastal Mountains and on the Insular Mountains of Vancouver Island and the Queen Charlotte Islands. It occurs above the CWH zone, and if the mountains are high enough, below the AT zone.
The climate in the MH zone is subalpine boreal ranging from hypermaritime to submaritime. The summers are short and cool, and the winters cool and wet with a deep, long-lasting, heavy snowpack that can exceed 6 m in depth. The ESSF zone, the continental (Cordilleran) subalpine boreal equivalent, has much colder and drier winters and a shorter growing season.
Currently there are two forested subzones recognized: the wet hypermaritime subzone (MHwh) which occurs along the exposed outer coast on the northern mainland and the Queen Charlotte Islands, and the moist maritime subzone (MHmm) which occurs on Vancouver Island and the Coastal Mountains. The MHmm is further stratified into windward and leeward variants. Precipitation in the MHwh can exceed 4500 mm making it one of the wettest climates in Canada. In the MHmm, average precipitation varies from around 3500 mm on windward side of the Coast Mountains to 2000 mm on the leeside. The lower elevational limit of the MH zone also varies greatly with latitude, distance from the coast and exposure. The MHwh can occur as low as 230 m and the MHmm from 450 m on windward sites to 580 m on leeward sites. On average the zone occupies a band of 400-1000m in the north and 900-1800m in the south. Mean annual temperature varies from 5°C on the outer coast to 1.4°C on the leeside of the Coast Mountains.
The growing season in MH zone is short and although temperatures are high enough to support tree growth (1-3 months with mean annual temperatures >10°C), forest growth is still temperature-limited. The clear distinction between forested and parkland subzones (or areas with continuous vs. patchy forests) relates to growing season length and snowpack duration. In parkland ecosystems (at upper elevations or in areas where the snow pack is deep and prolonged) trees are confined to isolated patches or “islands” with earlier snow melt. Subalpine heath, herb meadows and wetlands are the dominant vegetation in parkland subzones, particularly at higher elevations and in wetter areas along streams or in snow basins.
The forests are rarely disturbed, especially at higher elevations, and old-growth ecosystems are common. Mountain hemlock is prevalent throughout the zone in both forested and parkland ecosystems. The importance of other common species varies with climate. Amabilis fir is more common in the drier and cooler forests in the MHmm subzone, while yellow-cedar is more common in the milder and wetter MHwh subzone, especially on wetter sites with bog forests. Western hemlock occurs at lower elevations throughout the zone. Subalpine fir is found in colder drier areas transitional to the ESSF zone. Minor species include western red-cedar at low elevations, Sitka spruce in the north, and western white pine in the south at low elevations.
To see how species composition in the MH zone varies with climate, view species by subzone pie charts.
The MH zone is very well protected by a relatively small number (< 100) of protected areas. Coverage is only notably low (3%) in the small MH un (an unclassified portion of the MH zone) but the remote area has low disturbance levels with a high proportion of older forests (>120 years).
- View protected area distribution on the subzone maps and the protected area and land use statistics for the subzone/variants of the MH zone.
Species representation in protected areas
Shore pine and western red cedar are the only species in the MH zone with low calculated levels of protection. On the south coast of BC these species typically occur at lower elevations and are characteristic of the CWH zone. Western red cedar is often found on medium to rich, moist sites, while shore pine is common on poor, wet sites, in bog forests, bog woodlands, and bogs. On the north and central, these species can be found in the MHwh. Based on the 2002 protected area database, adequate protection is expected only in Gwaii Haanas. However, with the recent protected area expansion, protection levels and opportunities for range expansion are likely adequate in the new protected areas around Work Channel, the Ecstall River, Stephens, or Kennedy Island in the north; on Pitt Island, Princess Royal Island, or along Granville Channel in the central area; and in the south around Roscoe Inlet, the Koeye River, or Draney Inlet.
- See “BC Tree Species Reports” webpages to view tree species range maps with protected areas, or range maps with conservation statistics by BGC zones.
No genetic conservation concerns have been identified for species in the MH zone.


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Do English women like American men? Many could magazines have been publishing articles on this query for years they usually all appear to answer similar to the way. But what is the truth regarding it?
For those that believe British women do just like American guys, it can be easily assumed that they can like these people because they are and so nice and considerate. Men generally do not have much personality, but a good woman will know when you will discover something wrong with him or perhaps when he does not care regarding her or perhaps what your lover thinks of him. Additionally they may be able to notify when they are making an impression on her – something which they may not be capable of do in the event they were a great immigrant or perhaps native.
But is a British female truly more attractive to Who are British girls for marriage? an American man than a local American gentleman? Well, the response may vary from person to person, simply because each individual circumstance may require different approaches to attract men. This is why you will need to take the time to explore and find out how others currently have found achievement with bringing in men. You might want to read numerous different article content on this subject matter as you can, and use these types of to see which usually methods you imagine will work very best.
Several British girls actually feel that American men are not interested in them because they are too intense. Others believe American guys are just scared of women who are certainly not very nice. Yet , one thing that is certainly quite noticeable is that some of which prefer a guy with good manners over the one which likes to discuss all the time. This means that there is a massive difference between becoming polite and being uncaring.
One more that British women like American guys is that they are usually more conservative than most American women. In addition, they tend to wish to go out with older men, and many of them are more concerned regarding social obligations than the traditional sexuality roles. So , American guys may be attracted to them since they are conservative and traditional, while British girls are seduced because they are more liberal and willing to take possibilities. The good news is that British women are not too frightened to experiment with fresh ideas in terms of dating and relationships – provided that they understand where they stand amongst people.
A lot of women possibly suggest that American men are interested in them mainly because they have a slight swagger about them. Additionally, they think that American men are generally not too picky about women who they day. find desirable, and that they tend not to look too feminine the moment trying to attract men.

domain: sociology


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This session is a great way to develop your aerobic capacity. It is perfect for road cyclists and mountain bikers but also short-course triathletes.
Each Wednesday I’ll post a Windtrainer Workout that you can do in about 60 minutes to enhance your cycling. See a previous post about training intensity (Levels) to know how hard to work. If you are working directly with Coach Ray he will in most cases prescribe either a Power Zone or Heart Rate Zone to work within if you are training with these tools.
5×3 – 3×5
- 10min Warm Up Level II;
- 3x 5min Level IV, 1min Level II RI;
- 5x 3min Level V, 1min Level II RI;
- 10min Cool Down Level II;
- 10min Stretching
Start the workout with a warm-up of ten minutes of easy riding at Level II.
The first set is made up of three repetitions at Level IV. These are five minutes long and you have a one-minute Rest Interval (RI) between reps.
The second set is made up of five repetitions at Level V. These are three minutes long and you have a one-minute Rest Interval (RI) between reps.
Finally Cool Down for ten minutes riding at Level II.
Finish with 10 minutes of stretching to assist with your recovery.
If you would like further advice feel free to contact me.
I am the Head Coach & Director of Qwik Kiwi – Endurance Sports Consultant.
I specialise in assisting first-timers and recreational athletes to achieve their sporting goals. I can be contacted at firstname.lastname@example.org and 021 348 729.
Join over 2,081 people who have already signed up to be kept up to date with great workouts and training information in my informative newsletter.
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Download the Garmin (.FIT) and Zwift (.ZWO) files for this workout for FREE
If you enjoyed this workout, here is a similar session I published 12 months ago.
Wednesday Windtrainer Workout: Double Dose
Get my 6-week FTP Cycling Plan through Training Peaks. Over these 6 weeks improve your FTP by following my sequence of intervals. Results Guaranteed. Purchase here.
One Reply to “Wednesday Windtrainer Workout: 5×3 – 3×5”

domain: sports


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During the meeting, the Head of our State greeted the President of the Republic of Djibouti and congratulated him on awarding him a Global Islamic Finance Award (GIFA).
- Your visit has coincided with the international exhibition EXPO-2017. Your country has celebrated the 40th anniversary of Independence. You deserve today's award. My congratulations to you, the President of Kazakhstan said.
Nursultan Nazarbayev has emphasized that Kazakhstan attaches great importance to cooperation with the countries of the African continent and noted the importance of the Republic of Djibouti as the African continent’s important logistics point.
In turn, Ismail Omar Guelleh expressed gratitude for the meeting and noted that his current visit to Astana is the second one in his life.
- First time I was here in 2011. Since then, I would like to emphasize the amazing development of Kazakhstan, and Astana’s transformation is just spectacular. At present Kazakhstan is of great importance for the entire Islamic world, the President of the Republic of Djibouti said.

domain: news


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Superfoods for Pregnant Women. Pregnancy is not an easy phase for women, many physical changes occur in women during pregnancy, this has a tremendous impact on her life. Starting from morning nausea and cravings with various types of food are just some of the things that always occurs in pregnant women, not to mention the various other painful things. But women still want to experience it for baby birth safe and healthy.
For this reason, some experts say that pregnant women should follow a healthy diet and eat more nutritious food to keep everyday activities.
Besides the usual food, you also have another important super-food intake. When you consume superfoods for pregnant woman, then you will get a lot of extra energy.
Lentils, meat, and green vegetables are three combinations of vital foods for pregnant woman because these foods provide plenty of protein that is essential for the growth of your baby in the womb. Here are some superfoods for pregnant woman.
11 Superfoods for Pregnant Woman
1. The dried fruit
One of the superfoods for a pregnant is the dried fruit. If you are a fan of sweet foods including dried fruit then is the solution. Cranberries, apricots, cherries are among the fruit is good for consumption during pregnancy.
2. Soy foods
Soy is a superfood that you should try during pregnancy. Try adding soy to your diet, to add flavor you can add a bit of spice.
Furthermore, superfoods for pregnant woman is orange, rich in vitamin C, folate, and fiber. Then this is an essential food you add to the daily menu. Besides, oranges also contain lots of water, so it is great to be eaten during pregnancy.
4. Whole Grain Foods
Wheat is mandatory for pregnant women because in wheat contains 3 components of the food was exquisite for pregnancy, namely fiber, zinc, and iron. To obtain these minerals you can consume native wheat or whole grain bread.
5. Leafy Veggies
Besides that, the superfoods for pregnant woman are green vegetables. Such as spinach, broccoli, folate and iron. Also, there is also kale spinach namely calcium-laden foods are good for the bone health of children and pregnant women.
Oatmeal is a portion of food that contains a lot of complex carbohydrates that are essential to keep the hunger. This can prevent you to consume more food so that you avoid obesity during pregnancy.
Eggs are healthy foods that hold importance in family nutrition sufficient, But do not choose eggs that are sold freely on the market, because it is the eggs produced by chickens fed with chemicals. Eggs are a major source of protein for pregnancy. Eggs contain all the essential amino acids needed by pregnant women, so do not waste an egg.
Cheese included in the superfoods for pregnant woman because high in protein and calcium. So, make sure you combine a few grams of dairy foods in your diet to maintain your health during pregnancy.
One banana can give you a fit throughout the day. Banana is a potassium-rich food, this gives you instant energy to keep you from feeling tired in daily activities.
Broccoli contains three types of essential nutrients for pregnancy, namely fiber, folate, and calcium. There was also a vitamin C is beneficial to keep your health remains good.
Lentils are high-fiber foods. These foods are always ready to fight constipation that occurs during pregnancy. So for pregnant women are strongly advised to add a few grams of lentils and beans to your daily menu.
That’s 11 superfoods for pregnant woman, I hope your baby stay healthy and continue to get enough nutrition for growing better.


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Individually, this can be done as an editing task using the distance-direction edit tools, but as a geoprocessing task the best I can suggest is using some good old trigonometry to add the offsetting x and y to the X-Y coordinates, output a table and reinput to create a new feature class (Add XY Data tool in 9.3; and something similar in 10).
steps (9.3 ArcView):
1. explicitly show the original point coordinates in the attribute table either by adding fields and calculating Geometry or more conveniently using the Data Management > Features > Add XY Coordinates tool (gives default fields POINT_X and POINT_Y).
2. add two more blank fields of numeric type double called NewX and NewY (or whatever) .
3. use the Field Calculator on those fields to calculate the appropriate projected point coordinate (input your actual direction and distance fields)
3a. NewX = POINT_X + Distance_Field * Sin (Azimuth_Field*pi/180)
3b. NewY = POINT_Y + Distance_Field * Cos (Azimuth_Field*pi/180)
where pi = 3.1415 to convert degress to radians for trig function
4. In the attribute table Options use Export and create an output table (this is most conveniently done in the same workspace as a geodatabase table but can be even a text file).
5. use the Add XY Data tool to create a new shapefile or feature class from the output table using the NewX and NewY coordinates and making sure you use the Edit... button on the dialog to define the coordinate system.
6. go to the Event_Table created by the tool in ArcMAPand use the right click menu DATA > Export Data to output a new feature class or shapefile.
I don't know if ArcGIS 10 has a geoprocessing tool to do that, but for ArcView 9.3 that is about the only way without the Survey Analyst extension or COGO in ArcEditor or ArcInfo
If you have ArcGIS 10 (Arcinfo license), you can try the following:
1. Use Add XY Coordinates tool (Data Management toolbox - Features toolset) to have the POINT_X and POINT_Y fields added to the input table. Also use Add Field tool (Field toolset) to add an ID field and use Calculate Field tool to calculate it by OBJECTID (unique values). This ID field will be used later as a common field to join tables and transfer attributes.
2. Use the Bearing Distance To Line tool (same toolset) with the fields you have (POINT_X, POINT_Y, Distance, Direction, ID) to get lines starting at the points and ending at the locations you want to move your points to.
3. Use Feature Vertices To Points tool (same toolset) with END option to get endpoints of the lines; they are at the locations you want.
4. If you need attributes from the original points, you can use the Join Field tool (Joins toolset) through the ID field in the endpoints and the original points to transfer fields.
You can throw the lines away when you are done.

domain: geography


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Just random photo of me , trying to be serious, listening Balasevic, black & white
:) 2015 , hi from me :P
Uploaded: Jul 8, 2015
Tags: Black & white, trying to be serious, me, random photo of me, photo, selfie, blacky, without smile
And Slept The Tempest Wild
Photo of me, black & white, one random , xperia z2 , smile, dont worry be happy
Just one random photo, black & white, me , xperia z2, retrica
Photo of me. Black&white.
Bugs on a plant (black&white)
Black & White male fingers
Black&white photography of buildings...
Comma Butterfly Resting On Birch Leaves.
Family - Ada Bojana
Cute, try not to laugh! :P
★* very nice!★✰
Crno beli svet :D

domain: artistic


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45-9-38. Findings of board requiring order for unit operation of a pool.
The Board of Minerals and Environment shall make an order providing for the unit operation of a pool or part thereof if it finds that:
(1) Such operation is reasonably necessary to increase substantially the ultimate recovery of oil or gas; and
(2) The value of the estimated additional recovery of oil or gas exceeds the estimated additional cost incident to conducting such operations.
Source: SDC Supp 1960, § 42.0710 (2) as enacted by SL 1961, ch 211, § 1.
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The Top 3 Things Your MRI Isn’t Telling You About Your Back Pain
A common question or concern that often arises in the clinic is whether physical therapy treatment for lower back pain will work if there are positive finding on an MRI or X-Ray. This is an understandable concern as traditional thinking would have you believe that structural issues found on imaging is typically the source of pain. Right? Not quite! Oftentimes, imaging findings, unless directly correlated with very specific symptoms, tend to be more of a sign than the actual root cause of pain. Relying too heavily on imaging for answers about why you’re having back pain can cause you to miss the mark in resolving deeper- rooted movement based issues that are actually leading to your pain. A typical MRI or X- Ray of an individual with lower back pain may show disc degeneration, disc herniation or bulging, osteophytes (bone spurs), stenosis, loss of disc height, spondylosis/spondylolisthesis, etc. Now, while some of these findings may be totally normal age- related changes (it’s normal for discs to shrink as you age), others, such as disc herniation are indicative of structural damage. Structural Damage Does Not Equal Pain One very important concept to understand when dealing with back pain, or pain in any region for that matter, is that damage does not equal pain. Pain is one of the most complex processes in the human body as it involves so many different factors including biomechanics, neurology, endocrinology, psychology, etc. Due to this inherent complexity, there is not a 1 to 1 relationship between when things hurt and damage to structure. This is why research consistently finds a high percentage of people with no back pain at all but have positive findings on an MRI including disc degeneration and even herniations! The same goes for people who have no structural damage whatsoever, based on imaging findings, but are in severe pain. Your Symptoms May Not be Related to Imaging Findings It's important to corelate imaging findings with clinical signs or symptoms. Oftentimes, pain due to structural damage tends to be constant, unrelenting and may times is accompanied by nerve related symptoms such as numbness, tingling and burning. An easy example is Sciatica due to nerve compression in the spine. Despite MRI finding like disc herniations or degeneration, signs that your pain may not be related to the imaging finding include intermittent symptoms, pain exacerbated only with very specific movements and lack of nerve-related symptoms like numbness, tingling and burning. If you’ve had back pain for a long time, there’s a good chance whatever structural issues were found initially are long healed by now! The human body is amazing in its ability to adapt heal. For instance, research shows that disc herniations typically heal within 6-12 months. Even more amazing is the fact that typically the worse the herniation is, the faster it will heal. That means that if you’re still dealing with pain after that time, you’re likely dealing with symptoms of an underlying movement dysfunction that probably lead to the structural damage in the first place! What the Root Cause of the Pain is Even though imaging findings, such as a disc herniation, may not be the thing causing your back pain, it does clue us in to what could be leading to your pain. For instance, disc herniations typically arise due to weakening of the posterior or backside fibers of the disc. As the disc structure weakens it becomes easier to damage. It’s usually an inconspicuous act like sneezing or bending over that acts as “the last straw.” This weakening is usually due to lack of blood flow which brings vital nutrients to keep the disc healthy. Blood flow to the disc will be limited when the backside of the spine is compressed. This compression typically occurs in a position of spinal extension (think bending backwards). If your body is stuck in certain postures or patterns of moving that cause you to bias extension of the spine, this can lead to the lack of blood flow and disc weakening. Many times these patterns are a result of stress, learned habits and repetitive activities. The solution is not zeroing in on the resultant disc damage but focusing on resolving the underlying patterns that led to the damage and the pain in the first place.
Wobble No More: What Unstable Surface Training Misses For Ankle Sprain Rehab
Wobble No More: What Unstable Surface Training Misses for Ankle Sprain Rehab The inversion ankle sprain is the most common injury in the entire world. Walking down the stairs, then missing a step, then… wham. Getting bumped in the air when going up for a lay-up, then landing on the outside of your foot… wham. Like we can see in Image 1 below, this injury that everyone has seen happens when a force is applied through the outside of the foot and ankle at a rate that the ligaments and soft tissues in the region can’t elastically rebound back from. [caption id="" align="aligncenter" width="894"] Image 1: An inversion ankle sprain in the NBA.[/caption] Like most new traumatic injuries, the damage to the bones, muscles, ligaments and tendons in the area draws in inflammation to start carting away the damaged anatomical materials and to start the healing process. Swelling comes along as a byproduct, and then slowly goes away as the acute phase of injury ends. Once you get your full range of motion back in your ankle and foot, one of the most frequently used interventions is unstable surface training for the ankle. This involves standing on a surface that isn’t solid ground, like a foam pad, or a bosu ball, and maintaining your body’s orientation and foot contact on the surface. The thinking is that the changing surface that you are standing upon will change the orientation of your ankle and center of gravity less predictably, forcing you to adjust and keep your foot on the surface and re-train your body awareness of not producing force on the outside of your foot and spraining your ankle again (Figure 2). [caption id="" align="aligncenter" width="929"] Figure 2: Single Leg Stance Balance Retraining on a Bosu Ball[/caption] There’s nothing wrong with this method and thought process. It is important, especially if you are involved in competitive or recreational sports or athletics, to be able to quickly control perturbations of your body and be able to bring yourself back to a position where you can safely move from again. The only issue here is transfer of training to the tasks you perform, and what you are trying to get out of doing the activity. Nearly all sporting events are performed on solid surfaces (wooden basketball courts, artificial turf or grass fields, asphalt, or concrete) which do not yield in the same way that unstable surfaces do. The yielding and “unstable” nature of unstable surfaces make it hard for you to get your ankle and the rest of your body into positions that are better at producing forces to slow yourself down faster and then change direction safely. Clinically, I frequently find that individuals with recurrent ankle sprains struggle to be able to control the ability to get their ankle, foot, and hip in a position to produce internal rotation, which is a force down and into the ground. To be able to slow yourself down and control yourself when landing, you have to exert a force down into the ground over a longer period of time. To propel yourself in another direction to keep running or jumping, you need to produce another downward force (internal rotation) quickly to push away from the surface you are on. If you continue trying to produce that downward force, but your foot and what’s above it are still positioned towards external rotation, the end result is that the direction of where your force to control yourself or push yourself away is still more towards the outside of your foot instead of right beneath it and that you’re not maximizing your training for reducing the likelihood of spraining your ankle. In this case, see how although this patient’s foot is on the ball, her shin is still oriented towards the outside of her body? A good question is: how can we start retraining your ability to produce force right beneath your body instead of outside of it? Our first step: getting good at the supine cross connect (video 1). [embed]https://youtu.be/TcsiqnDrd0g[/embed] Video 1: Supine Cross Connect In this activity, you start building the coordination to get your foot, knee, hip and ribcage lined up as you’re learning to press into the wall to retrain where and how you’re producing force. In this case, the wall simulates you pressing into the ground or the floor, you’re just laying on your back so it’s easier to do. Once you can ace that, now we need to start retraining it standing up. A low step up cable chop is a great way to work on this. [embed]https://youtu.be/mGzNekn1g3o[/embed] Video 2: Low Step Up Cable Chop In this exercise, your left leg is right beneath your body, and the chop of the cable or band is helping you to direct force right into the inside aspect of your left foot. These exercises are just a couple examples of methods to retrain you being able to absorb and produce force without your bodyweight being oriented towards the outside of your body. To really be prepared for sport, you need to continue training these principles at higher speeds, with greater amounts of force, and repeatedly without fatigue kicking in. If you’ve tried unstable surface training and still feel like your ankle isn’t functioning as well as you’d like after an injury, give this kind of training a shot and let us know if you have any questions.
Why Your Big Toe Matters & What Your Bunion Is Actually Telling You
For something as small as a toe, it can be shocking to realize how large of an impact your big toe can have on the rest of your body. Every step we take, our big toe helps us sense and feel the ground under us, and plays a critical role in how we push off one foot and onto the next. If we have limitations in how well our big toe can extend, as it does when we come up onto our tip toes, it can significantly alter how we walk. This can then cascade into a series of compensations that can impact knees, hips, low back, and even further up the body into your upper back, shoulders, and neck. Basics of Walking: To understand the importance of the big toe, we have to first understand some basic anatomy, as well as the gait cycle – aka how we walk. Our big toe is meant to extend backwards about 70 degrees, to almost become a right angle from the bottom of our foot. This motion can become limited in a number of ways, but the two major contributing factors for decreased big toe extension would be a poor joint position which reduces this motion, or tightness in the flexor muscles which curl the toe down into the ground. Changes in joint position that could reduce toe extension can occur in a number of ways and for a number of reasons, but would be best identified in a full assessment with a physical therapist who would be able to properly evaluate you. The big takeaway here should be that changes in your foot, such as a high or low arch, excessive pronation or supination, or changed mechanics such as pushing off the outside of your foot rather than the big toe, can contribute to changes in how the bones line up at the big toe. This can then reduce how much your big toe can move. These are things we can improve if appropriate interventions and exercises are used to address the root cause of this position. The second contributing factor would be tightness in the muscles that hold the toe in a flexed or curled down position. The important thing to understand however is that this muscle would be tight as a reaction to whatever position your foot is being held in, or the demands that are placed on the foot. This is to say it’s very uncommon that people are born with muscles that are just “too tight”, but rather, it’s much more likely that the muscles become “tight” as a reaction to the environment they are in. Therefore, just as above, it is critical to find the root cause that is leading to this tightness to be able to resolve it and find long term solutions. Gait Cycle: Push Off To understand the importance of the big toe, we will be looking at the terminal stance to toe-off phases of gait outlined below. In this phase, our heel leaves the ground and we rock forward over the big toe. To be able to do this, as mentioned before, the big toe needs to be able to extend backwards. This is critical in allowing us to have normal mechanics and the ability to push ourselves forward. We take thousands of steps every day, so if these mechanics are impaired, it can have big impacts over time. Without appropriate toe extension, people will often roll to the pinky side of their foot to push off, or they will develop a bunion where they have rolled off the inside edge of their toe rather than it extending backwards at the joint itself. Either of these can lead to pain within the toe and foot itself, and can also increase stress and strain at the knees, hips, low back, and other body parts as they compensate to allow for smooth walking around this limitation. Regardless of if you are having specific foot pain, have pain elsewhere, or are concerned you may be developing a bunion, this small joint is an important piece of the puzzle for many who are struggling to get out of pain. If you have been focused on just the location of your pain and not having success, it may be time to look head to toe – quite literally – to see what other factors may be at play. A thorough assessment from a physical therapist will take this into account to help build a clear picture of your body’s limitations, compensations, and how they are keeping you in pain.
You See Me Rolling…My Ankle. Make It Stop! (Part 1/2)
I used to train in martial arts pretty extensively, I even competed for both glory and tiny trophies. I studied a lot of different styles but I went the furthest in Judo. There’s something deeply satisfying about getting into your opponent's head, navigating every move and counter move. It was like chess, but with actual fighting and no getting punched in the face. This article isn’t about my love for throwing people though, it’s about how I used to sprain my ankle every few months. One wrong step, one moment of lost focus and I was off of the mat and out of the gym for 2-4 weeks. This obnoxious cycle kept me from getting as strong and as skilled as I wanted. It left me feeling fragile. What was the point of training so hard, of honing my body, if I could be taken out so easily, and so often, by the simplest thing. I no longer have these issues, but if this sounds anything like you I’d keep reading. There are many kinds of ankle sprains, but we’re going to focus primarily on inversion sprains as they’re more common. An inversion sprain is where your heel rolls inward and the outside of your foot falls into the ground. This happens for a whole slew of different reasons, but the two most common are when your center of mass (COM) shifts outside of your base of support (BOS) or when the peroneal muscles, the muscles on the outside edge of your lower leg, don’t turn on quickly enough as the ankle rolls. Your peroneal muscles primarily evert the foot and ankle complex, essentially opposing the mechanism of an inversion sprain. You want them on your team. For the sake of this article we’re going to focus primarily on the latter cause. The term “sprain” means you’ve caused damage to a ligament, one of the connective tissue structures that connect one bone to another bone. You have hundreds of ligaments in your body, but when it comes to an inversion ankle sprain the most likely to be injured are the anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) and calcaneofibular ligament (CFL). Ligaments, unlike muscles, are non-contractile and don’t have their own blood flow. This means they both heal slower and can’t change their length once healed. Fun fact: the number one predictor of a future ankle sprain is a previous ankle sprain That’s an interesting statistic, don’t you think? Let’s investigate why. People are taught that our ligaments hold our bodies together. This is not completely true. Ligaments are not that strong, only muscles have the power to truly hold us together and move us through the world. Your ligaments are full of mechanoreceptors, little organs that help you to sense where your body is in space. As you move your bones shift and tug on your ligaments, sending hundreds of signals into the brain which, once interpreted, let you know where every bone is in relation to each other. This phenomenon is called proprioception and without it you’d basically walk around like you were drunk all of the time. When you sprain a ligament you legitimately cause damage to it in the form of forced stretching and partial tearing. As the ligament heals, it does so at this new length. If you remember from about 12 seconds ago, ligaments can’t change their length, so your ligaments post-sprain are a bit longer than they were before. If ligaments are how your brain knows the position of all of your bones, and your ankle ligaments are now longer, this means that the signals they send to your brain will be a bit delayed compared to before your injury. It might only be microseconds, but with high intensity activity microseconds matter. Wanna know something cool? Your muscles have mechanoreceptors too. Retraining the muscles of your lower leg and foot to pick up this slack (see what I did there?) is a critical part of rehab and returning to sport following an ankle sprain. It can’t ONLY be strength. Now you know why you keep spraining your ankle, but what should you do about it? Stay tuned to catch my next article where I’ll go over a few starter exercises that we believe are mandatory as part of any complete ankle rehab program.
The 3 Things Your Doctor Didn’t Tell You About Plantar Fasiitis
You’re reading this because either you, or someone you care about, has been complaining about a persistent burning, aching, painful feeling under the bottom of their feet. Maybe it only hurts when they’re walking, maybe it hurts all of the time. Maybe it hurts in the middle of the arch or back more by their heel. Either way, they’ve probably been told by a podiatrist or orthopedist that they have plantar fasciitis (PF). Here are 3 things they probably DIDN’T tell you: There is typically nothing wrong with the foot itself Typical solutions don’t address the root of the problem Exercise is the only way to truly eliminate it Let’s get into it... There is Typically Nothing Wrong With the Foot Itself PF is an inflammatory condition, but inflammation isn’t the problem. Inflammation gets a bad rep in the media and most medical offices but it’s actually, in many ways, a very good thing. When tissue damage occurs, even very mild stuff, inflammation happens. It is the first step of our healing process. Imagine a car accident on the highway where a guardrail got damaged. The police show up to cordon off the area, tow trucks arrive to haul away the cars, street cleaners come to sweep away the debris, then new materials and construction crews follow to repair the rail. This is basically what inflammation is in the body. It’s the cleanup crew rolling in to eliminate debris and deliver raw materials for tissue rebuilding. Inflammation only truly becomes a problem when it’s there all of the time. If inflammation is the first step in our healing process that means you’re constantly in debt, trying to heal from something but falling behind. This is the core definition of an overuse issue. Unfortunately, like many diagnoses for pain caused by overuse the diagnosis tells us little about how to treat the issue. Thinking about PF specifically, the pain in your foot is usually the outcome of a problem and not the problem itself. Whether you have flat feet, high arches, or a family history of foot pain typically doesn’t matter. If the shape or structure of your foot was a problem you would have hurt way before now. Typical Solutions Don’t Address the Root of the Problem Typical solutions include rest, wearing a boot, stretching, massage, cortisone injections, and/or orthotics. All of these solutions miss the bigger picture and, when not combined with a more comprehensive approach, often leave people wanting more. The intent of the initial phase of therapy is to decrease the stress placed through the plantar fascia and allow the tissues to heal. Maybe your doctor told you to take it easy and rest, put you in a night splint, or is having you wear a boot for a few weeks. Your pain is going to come down as the body does its thing and you heal. The boot comes off and you start living your life like you did before but a few weeks later the pain starts to creep back in. What. The. Heck. The problem is that plantar fascia strain didn’t happen by magic. You felt better because you had the extra support of the boot and changed the amount and type of activity you were doing. This offloaded a LOT of stress, but once you go back to living your life you’re right back to where you started. Alright, maybe stretching and massage are what you really need so you start rolling your foot on a frozen water bottle and doing calf stretches. Ahhhhh, sweet relief...or so you think. You feel great for an hour but then the discomfort starts to creep back in, so you do it again. Next thing you know you’re a frozen water bottle addict and spend half your day rubbing your feet. You keep a stash in the freezer at work just to save your coworkers from hearing you complain all day. Damn, back to the drawing board. You find yourself back in your doc’s office, shoulders shrugged. Since nothing else worked they offer to give you a shot of cortisone and you go for it. Wow! It worked like a dream and suddenly you feel like you’re 20 all over again. Unfortunately, this too is temporary. Cortisone is a steroid and works by eliminating the inflammation, but that’s just a band aid. While sometimes we all wish this weren’t the case, our problems don’t go away just because we can’t see or feel them. When you really take a close look, all of these solutions treat the symptoms of a problem and not the actual problem itself. They can give you a lot of relief, which will give you the opportunity to do the real work, but on their own will not get you back to where you want to be. Exercise is the Only Way to Truly Eliminate It We’ve established that most treatments for PF aim to address the symptoms of the problem, namely pain, rather than the problem itself. To address the actual problem we need to strengthen the bottom of the foot, take away unnecessary stress through more efficient movement, or both. Strengthening is pretty straightforward. Strong things can handle more stress before they begin to break down, meaning you can do more with your body without going into that overuse debt. Unfortunately, seated calf raises and toe curls only strengthen so much. If that’s the extent of your exercise, you won’t get far. Walking, farmers carries, step ups and step downs, split squats, lunges, and light plyometrics must be included as well. The other thing that needs to be addressed is your motor variance. For the sake of this article we’ll define motor variance as your total movement options. How many different positions of the foot, ankle, shin, etc can you access and control? Having many options means less wear on any one particular tissue. Imagine if you only had one pair of shoes, they’d get beat up much quicker than if you had 7 and cycled through them each week. We already discussed how stretching and massage can take away your pain by improving range of motion, but it’s temporary. Since range of motion is muscle driven, you need to figure out why those muscles keep turning on. What is the job that they’re doing? If you can figure that out and eliminate the source, the muscles will be less stiff and motor variance returns. This typically means looking above the foot, which means that basically any part of your body could be the culprit. What if I told you that your PF could be caused by your upper back? The position of your center of mass, where the middle of your weight is, has an enormous influence on your feet. If you have stiff muscles in your upper back, lower back, or hips those muscles are pushing you forward. As your weight shifts forward your feet and calves will have to work double time to keep you from falling. You’ll push your toes down harder into the floor to slow the forward lean, putting tons of stress through the bottom of your foot, your calf, and everything in between. Your muscles will stiffen to prevent you from leaning. With this understanding it might be possible that the solution to your foot pain lies in improving your shoulder flexibility. Completely wild, I know. I strongly believe that any approach to managing PF that does not address COM is grossly incomplete. If you’ve been dealing with pain in the bottom of your foot for a long time and nothing takes it away, widen your lens. Don’t look so closely at one tree that you forget to see the forest.
The 5 Best Exercises For Improving Neck Mobility & Relieving Pain
Do you find yourself turning your entire body to try to look over your shoulder while driving? Or maybe you only feel your neck working even though you’re doing an ab workout. If so, you’re probably dealing with a restricted and overactive neck. This is not so uncommon in a society that is stress driven and spends hours a day on computers and cell phones. Unfortunately, many proposed solutions fail to eliminate the problem at the source and instead offer boring stretches that slap a band- aid on the symptoms. Maybe, you’ve been lucky enough to avoid the stretching craze but have been told you need to improve your posture and strengthening exercises such as face pulls are the solution. Neither of these options offers a viable solution to the culprit of restricted neck mobility and may even make matters worse. Below are 5 exercises meant to target the culprit of restricted neck mobility which tends to be faulty breathing patterns, restricted rib cage mobility and being stuck in repetitive patterns of movement. Note that these exercises are meant to be performed in the sequence laid out for maximal effectiveness. #1. Zercher band Breathing [embed]https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3CtDqIZnC_U[/embed] You may be wondering why the first step in restoring neck mobility involves expanding your upper back and breathing. Two important reasons. Firstly, your cervical (neck) extensor muscles, the muscles that help you look up at the ceiling and will resist your ability to look down and turn your head attach all the way down to the middle of your back. If you’re not attenuating to upper back mobility you will likely fall short. Secondly, that muscles that attach to the front and back of your neck as what are called “accessory breathing muscles.” Meaning the assist in moving your rib cage to allow your lungs to expand. If your rib cage is stiff and you can’t expand your rib cage in certain places your accessory breathing muscles will work even harder leading to overactivity of your neck muscles. Start with the Zercher Band Breathing to improve rib cage mobility and allow expansion of the mid back musculature. Perform 3-5 sets x 5 breaths #2. Staggered Stance DB Curls [embed]https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o16wXhnkCs4[/embed] We’re doing biceps curls to get my neck moving? Hell yeah we are! In reality, the biceps curl is just a façade for what’s really being accomplished with this exercise. The arm position mimics that of the previous exercise, the act of curling the weight forces your to pull the shoulder down away from your ears and the slight rotation of the neck gives your neck some much needed movement. Those goal with this exercise it to maintain expansion of the rib cage and upper muscles. The rotation of the neck put the Upper Trap muscle (a common culprit in neck tightness) in a lengthened position. Breathe as instructed I the video to reinforce the position. Perform 2-3 sets x 10 reps on the side that’s restricted (can perform both sides) #3. Lower Body Rolling [embed]https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZeugF67eiFw[/embed] The human spine is made up of 33 segments (26 moveable segments). To maintain healthy movement in any portion of your spine, you need to ensure that you retain segmental motion. This is the ability of each spinal segment to move independently of the next segment. When the spine begins to move as a unit versus segmentally is when your movement begins to look robotic and lacks fluidity (turning your entire body to look over your shoulder). Lower body rolling is a great way to teach your body to segment spinal movement from the bottom up; initiating the movement through the hips and pelvis and finishing with the neck. Again, upper back and neck rotation are reinforced by the inhale at the end of the movement. Perform 2-3 sets x 6 rolls on the side that’s restricted (can perform both sides) #4. Rolling Arm Bar [embed]https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rfuEzHjiGro[/embed] Once you’ve built comfort and confidence moving your neck in more static or passive ways, it’s time to get things moving more actively. That is where kettlebell-based movements become an excellent tool. The rolling arm bar is must- do exercise for anyone looking to restore and maintain good neck movement. In this movement, the kettlebell forces you to reach with the shoulder, thereby, maintaining expansion of the upper back. We used the same bottoms-up approach of restoring segmental spinal movement as the lower body rolling, but, this time we maintain gaze on the kettlebell to teach your body to active turn your neck through a full range. Fatigue in the neck is a common result as you’re retraining your body how to move properly but ultimately you should feel improvement in baseline movement after performing this exercise. Perform 2-3 sets x 6 rolls on the side that’s restricted (can perform both sides) #5. Turkish Get Up [embed]https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vPUD-Lqh6w0[/embed] Overhead movement of the shoulder is intimately related to movement of the lower cervical spine. That is why you’ll frequently see weightlifters jut their head forward when they press a barbell overhead...it allows them to maintain the relationship between the mechanics of the shoulder and the neck. The Turkish Get Up is a movement that will allow you to couple these two areas of your body for optimal mechanics. The kettlebell will force you to reach the shoulder to maintain back expansion and those upper back muscles loose. Keeping your gaze on the kettlebell will allow you to match the normal mechanics of the shoulder and neck. Because you are looking in the upward direction you will maintain a lengthening position of the musculature in the front of your neck. This movement is great reinforcement of all the mechanics you worked to restore in the previous 4 exercises. Perform 2-3 sets x 3 reps on the side that’s restricted (can perform both sides) Give this 5-exercise routine a try to get your neck moving again! If pain is a limiting factor to performing these movements, it’s time you get checked out by a professional. Reach out to Next Level Physical Therapy to get set up with a free in-person or virtual Discovery session!
To Chin Tuck Or Not (Part 1/2): When Does This Help Neck Pain?
Chin tucks, the nickname for a motion moving the upper part of your neck and lower part of your neck like you’re making a double chin, are a frequently prescribed activity for folks with a variety of symptoms around the neck. Video 1 gives a demonstration of one of our physical therapists performing one. Video 1: The “Chin Tuck” exercise. They can be effective for symptom relief with individuals having pain in the region of their neck and accompanying arm pain. For individuals having headaches, or even those having general aches in the back of their neck. Some people get positive changes in their ability to move their neck and can decrease or even eliminate their neck pain with an activity like this. Meanwhile, some patients I have talked to have been doing chin tucks for several years and are still coming to see me for help with their neck discomfort. I want to make sure the time folks spend working on a solution to whatever movement or pain related impairment they have is spent effectively, so let’s jump into the point of this article: When is doing chin tucks useful? There’s a couple heuristics that I use to decide when someone might get a positive return on time investment with the chin tuck. 1. You have a directional preference for your neck and/or arm pain. Often individuals with neck discomfort may have symptoms down their arm or into their hand. A “directional preference” means that moving your neck in one direction, say forwards, seems to make your neck and arm pain worse, while moving your neck backwards seems to reduce it. If performing some chin tucks held at the end of the range of movement for a few seconds improves your symptoms, great! Keep performing them and see if you continue to get reductions in discomfort and if the movement of your neck improves. Even if performing the chin tuck doesn’t improve your neck discomfort but reduces the tension or discomfort into your arm or hand, keep performing them. That’s an occurrence called “centralization” that is strongly associated with improvements in neck discomfort. 2. Your neck endurance could use improvement. When people have neck discomfort for a long time, it is a common reaction for folks to move their neck less. Just like if we stopped moving our bodies or exercising, our body would adapt to this and we would have less capacity for performing movement before fatigue sets in. The Neck Flexor Endurance Test, pictured below in Video 2, is something I’ll occasionally use to measure the capacity of someone to hold their neck in this position. [embed]https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0JEWM_McBmM[/embed] Video 2: The Neck Flexor Endurance Test If my patient is shaking and struggling to maintain the position of the test for <30s, or especially less than 10s, then it is probably worthwhile for us to spend some time filling the bucket of neck force production over durations of time. However, if someone doesn’t have a directional preference, and they ace the neck flexor and neck extensor endurance tests, spending time working on chin tucks won’t likely move someone towards their goals. Now, for the next part: When is doing chin tucks not useful? I see a lot of individuals whom present like they are already doing a chin tuck with their cervical position when they are standing or doing many upright activities. They look similar to this person below: [caption id="" align="aligncenter" width="681"] Graphic 1: Doing more chin tucks won’t be useful here.[/caption] This lifter above is already doing a chin tuck because of the demands of the exercise he is doing. If when this person is not bench pressing, his neck and head already gravitate towards this position, AND he happens to have neck pain, would reinforcing the positions his body already wants to be in result in a change in outcome? I would tend to say that the probability of that changing would be low. A better question is: “Why do high force production activities like the bench press drive this neck position?”. We’ll dive into that topic on the next post in this series. To sum it up: chin tucks aren’t special, they are an exercise that moves our body towards a specific position. They can be useful if you have a directional preference that improves your neck or arm symptoms by moving towards the “chin tucked” position. If you’ve become deconditioned locally at your deep neck flexors, working on being able to hold the chin tuck in different positions can be useful at building up your local muscle endurance. The important takeaway is to recognize what your unique starting conditions are, and then match the intervention to those conditions. Next time, we’ll talk about what I consider when I believe that chin tucks won’t be the answer!
To Chin Tuck Or Not (Part 2/2): If Not, What Else?
We’re going to discuss what other movements you should consider doing if you’re having movement related neck discomfort and the chin tuck exercise hasn’t helped. Not sure what a chin tuck is or if it could be useful? Check out the previous article in this series here to see if your neck pain solution might be that simple! At the end of the first blog post, we talked about how chin tucks are an exercise that extend your lower cervical spine and expand the back of your upper cervical spine. That looks like this in Picture 1. [caption id="attachment_1580" align="aligncenter" width="790"] Picture 1: The orientations of the two regions of the neck in a chin tuck position, live in action.[/caption] A concept that was also introduced is that this position is not harmful. This position is frequently used by people who are strong, when they are using their strength to move heavy objects, which involves producing a lot of force. When the goal is being able to be strong or when you want to produce force, the body will produce the most force by reducing total movement available. Think about the last time you helped a friend move their couch. If you squeeze your body tight before picking it up, and move it straight up and down, that feels easier than when you start to drop your end of it and must twist to grab it again but lose your grip and end up dropping it. By moving away from the body positions that were limiting the amount your body was able to rotate or turn, you didn’t have as much leverage to be as strong. Individuals like the powerlifter performing a bench press above will compress other regions in their body, like their middle back space by pinching their shoulder blades together, and compressing their lower back to extend it (read, increase the distance between it and the bench) to further limit the ability for their body to turn so they can be as strong as possible in a straight line. For them, this is a performance adaptation! This adaptation overtime can contribute to a loss of the ability to turn your head, however. To be able to move your body into an area, you must be able to expand it in that direction. The chin tuck position extends (synonymous with “straightens”) or compresses the lower neck. To be able to turn your head to the right, you must be able to expand the right side of your lower neck AND compress the left side, and the opposite for turning to the left. So, if you already have a head and neck that look like you’re performing a heavy bench press when you aren’t performing a bench press, and have issues turning your head to either direction, doing chin tucks has a low chance of improving your ability to move your neck. In this case, exercises that will expand your lower neck will start to improve the ability for your neck to turn side to side. A great activity to start learning how to do this is the Alternating Frog Crawl, shown below! A video of the alternating frog crawl exercise. There are a couple benefits to this exercise for people who struggle to turn their neck, or whom have had neck pain for a while. First, you learn to create pressure through the ground to expand the area between your shoulder blades and the base of your neck. Secondly, you’re learning to maintain this position against the downward force of gravity, so you’ll build your endurance in your neck muscles to hold your head up. As you step one arm and leg forward, you start to create compression on one side and more expansion on the other, which are the biomechanical results you need to be able to turn your head back and forth! To summarize, there’s nothing bad with the chin tuck position. It has certain benefits for movement, but it’s not a magical cure-all for neck pain. The goal is to have a neck that can get into positions to resist movement, and getting into positions to create movement from, so it is adaptable for you to move in many ways! If you’ve tried chin tucking all your problems away and you’ve still got neck stiffness limiting you, try a different solution to address how you’re able to get your neck to move and get an adaptable neck!
Why Your Neck Pain Is Being Caused By More Than Just “Bad Posture”
It seems like in today’s world filled with technology and working from home, “posture” is a buzzword with a negative connotation. We are filled with messages and images about what makes a “good” or “bad” posture, and why it’s the end all be all culprit for all your aches and pains. We are bombarded by “Pull your shoulders back, stand up tall!” and “Stop looking down and hunching over!” Or my personal favorite, the as-seen-on-TV posture correctors that literally do the work of your muscles for you (which is ultimately going to make your problems worse, by the way!). Have neck or back pain? It must be your posture, fix your posture! With all of this information out there, it can be hard to interpret what’s right and what’s not. You can spend hours researching your neck pain without actually finding a solution. The truth is, the body is a lot more complicated than just finding one perfect posture to solve all of your aches and pains. We are built to be dynamic, built to move, and everything in our body is designed to move together. So the answer to solving your neck pain isn’t just “have better posture”, it goes so much deeper than that! Take a look at picture 1 above. Everytime you move your shoulder, your shoulder blade, or scapula, must move as well. If we look at the muscles that surround the scapula, particularly the levator scapulae and upper trapezius muscles, you can see that they attach on one end at the scapula, and on the other end at the cervical spine. Basically, this means that every time you move your shoulders and use these two muscles, this can have an impact on your neck as well. So, if you have neck pain take a second to think. Are you really stressed out and feel yourself holding tension by keeping your shoulders shrugged? Do you type all day long at a keyboard that is too high, which would also keep your shoulders shrugged all day long? Do you ever feel like you just don’t have the motion required to reach overhead or behind your back? If this sounds like you, then the culprit to your neck pain might actually be the position your shoulders are in and the tension in those muscles! The second picture above shows your neck muscles from the front. You can see your SCM muscles, scalene muscles, and again, the upper trap muscles. In addition to moving your neck, these muscles also assist with breathing. Before we dive into this further, I want to go over what we *should* normally see when we breathe. Ideally, we want to see the ribcage move out and up as we inhale, and down and in as we exhale. We should get a fair amount of rib cage movement with each breath if we are breathing with our diaphragms. However, sometimes this breathing pattern can become faulty. The rib cage no longer moves the way that it should, and the diaphragm is not utilized to its full potential. Instead, we end up relying on these neck accessory muscles to drive our breathing. Clearly these muscles are not that big, thus are not meant for such high demands! You can imagine if you are asking these guys to take on the task of 22,000 breaths per day, they may not quite be up for the job. They are not capable of meeting such demands, which ultimately would lead to increased tension in that area and you guessed it; pain. While “bad posture” is the easy explanation for your neck pain, it’s a pretty empty explanation if you ask me. The body is so much more complex than that and a lot of our muscles attach different body parts to each other. With this knowledge, it is easy to see why neck pain is not as simple as it’s made out to be. If you are suffering from chronic neck pain, it’s important to zoom out and take a deeper look than just your posture. Because you may listen to mom and “pull those shoulders back”, but if it’s your ribcage and your breathing that is causing your pain, you will find no relief with that solution. If this sounds like you, definitely get checked out by a licensed professional who will be able to connect all the dots with how your body is moving and get to the root cause of your neck pain!

domain: medical


By Beck Eleven and Diana Dekker at Stuff
Nearly 90,000 nervous people sat their learner licence tests last year, and close to 58,000 of them passed. Most were under 30 and most of them probably couldn’t wait to get legally behind the wheel.
Getting a driver’s licence is a rite of passage for young people, even for a sprinkling of people in their 40s or older (134 people aged 65 and over sat the test in the past year). But not for some. Some pass their test early, drive for a bit, then stow their licences in a drawer, deciding that driving is not for them. Others never even dare to try. They feel they are too timid, too environmentally conscious, too old or too dreamy to be in charge of a car.
Here are a some of their stories: Continued at original site
By Bruce McVean, at Movement for Liveable London
Cities have always been shaped bytransport, while the planning and design of cities impacts on transport choices. The first cities were inherently walkable – the primary mode of transport was people’s feet and cities were necessarily compact in size and form as a result.
Public transport allowed cities to grow well beyond a size that would allow a person to comfortably walk from one side to the other. The expansion of train, tram, bus and tube lines helped suburbia spread, but the component parts of suburban growth remained walkable – homes needed to be within walking distance of train stations, tram stops, bus routes, shops and services. Today we’d say that cities were expanding through ‘transit orientated development’.
Continue at original site
Original article by Tony Farrelly at road.cc
Cycling is not as risky as official statistics suggest says new research – in fact, for young men it is safer than driving. In an odd coincidence, the research was published at the exact moment a controversial BBC documentary portraying cycling as a high risk mode of transport finished airing last night.
According to the research by a team from the Department of Epidemiology and Public Health at University College London (UCL), official statistics consistently overstate the risks involved with cycling and underestimate those associated with walking and driving – their most eye-catching findings is that cycling is a safer than driving for young men between 17-20 years old.
Continued at original site
This is a multimedia presentation by Professor Hank Weiss, delivered Tuesday, October 02, 2012 at the Safety 2012 World Conference (47 min).
Adolescents warrant special attention. From a road safety perspective, they carry the largest crash and morbidity/mortality risk of any age group. This has led to considerable research and safety programs, but these efforts have plateaued in many countries and remain fixed within a road safety perspective. From a broader perspective, little has been done about the many non-traffic health risks related to teen driving (increased drug and alcohol use, anti-social behaviour, sexually transmitted infections, inactivity and obesity). From a sustainable transport perspective, a contemporary imperative, teens are where the transition from non-driver to driver takes place; an opportune time for interventions to minimize environmental harms.
Professor Weiss introduces a new paradigm termed ‘mobility health’ to bridge the siloed domains of safety, adolescent health and sustainable mobility. In this passionate speech to an international audience, he advocates changing the current narrow paradigm of adolescent road safety to a cross-level/cross-disciplinary, more potent, timely and healthy vision of less driving through mobility modal shift from cars to active and public transport.
“Efforts to reduce motorisation by promoting public transportation, in addition to road safety legislation and improvement in trauma services, have produced low mortality rates from traffic injuries and by extension low adolescent mortality rates in Singapore. Similar efforts translated elsewhere could achieve major health benefits for adolescents.”
Boon et. al.
Full Correspondence: The Lancet, 380 (9842), P 645, 18 Aug 2012


The Summer Concert on Wednesday the 28th June was a lovely way to celebrate a wonderful year of music making this year and a great start to the end of term festivities. Wind Band began beautifully with superb renditions of ‘Thunderstruck’ (O’Loughlin), ‘Don’t Stop Me’(Mercury) and ‘The Lion King’ (John/Rice). These were followed by performances from Junior Choir, Tootles, Team Pachelbel, Lower School Choir, Sinfonia, 8ve and Sinfonietta who covered a fantastic range of repertoire between them from Rodgers and Hammerstein’s ‘Do Re Mi’ and ‘Beauty and the Beast’ (Menken) to ‘Dr Who’(Grainer), ‘Three Traditional Scottish Reels’ and ‘The Dambusters March’(Coates). Sinfonia had the particularly special addition of all the staff who have taken part in the grade-1-athon this term to raise money for Asylum Welcome who (despite the nerves) played their parts extremely well demonstrating just how far they have come on their new instruments this year (Sinfonietta next?!) Overall the concert was a huge success and a wonderful demonstration of talent and enthusiasm across all ages - congratulations to all those involved.
Bethan Kelly, L6D


Note: Every weekday during the season, BP features What You Need to Know, a column recapping the prior day’s (or weekend’s) news around baseball. Today, we’re launching The Year of the Pitcher edition of WYNTK, detailing each week of the 1968 season.
Why 1968? Well, it was 50 years ago, and speaking personally, I’m not gonna be doing this for the 100th anniversary. More specifically, this semicentennial feature looks back at one of the most pivotal years in both MLB and America, a year in which their respective paths crossed.
Baseball fans remember 1968 as The Year of the Pitcher, when Denny McLain won 31 games, Bob Gibson had a 1.12 ERA, and Carl Yastrzemski led the American League with a modest .301 batting average. It was the last year before the expansion from 20 to 24 teams and the introduction of divisional play. Nationally, 1968 was a notably dismal year, punctuated by the King and Kennedy assassinations, the Tet Offensive, the Chicago Democratic National Convention, and the Summer Olympics protests. We’ll get to all of them, and more.
A few acknowledgements before I start: The idea for this feature came from my BP colleague and friend, Matthew Trueblood. This Hardball Times article by Joe Distelheim, on baseball’s reaction to the King and Kennedy killings, encouraged me to go forward. Throughout this series, I will be relying heavily on Tim Wendel’s Summer of ’68 and the Society for American Baseball Research’s Sporting News archive.
And with that, here’s the baseball news for the week that ended 50 years ago.
Heading into the 1968 season, there were three big trends facing Major League Baseball.
First, the prior 1967 season had been thrilling, with three American League clubs in contention for the pennant until the season’s final day. However, teams scored only 3.77 runs per game, the fewest since the deadball 1918 season. Sportswriter Vito Stellino noted that this was “a trend that is starting to worry baseball officials since low-scoring games bore the fans who like a lot of action.”
Second, perhaps reflecting the lack of scoring, MLB attendance fell by nearly a million patrons from 1966 to 1967, from 25.2 million to 24.3 million. The National Football League, prodded by the success of the upstart American Football League, was growing in popularity. The AFL’s marquee player, Jets quarterback Joe Namath, had made headlines, setting a professional record by passing for over 4,000 yards in 1967. (And this was when teams played a 14-game schedule.) The National Pastime was losing ground to the gridiron.
Third, just seven years after adding the Angels and Senators to the American League, and six years after the Astros and Mets joined the National League, MLB was preparing to expand. At the 1967 winter meetings, AL owners awarded new franchises to Seattle and Kansas City for the 1969 season. (There was a political angle: After A’s owner Charlie Finley moved the club from Kansas City to Oakland after the 1967 season, Missouri senator Stuart Symington threatened voiding baseball’s antitrust exemption and Reserve Clause. The expansion Royals appeased him.) The NL owners selected two new franchises in May 1968, choosing Montreal and San Diego over Buffalo, Dallas-Ft. Worth, Milwaukee, and Toronto.
Amid this turmoil, with spring training winding down, baseball looked forward to Opening Day on April 8, 1968.
And then, on April 4 in Memphis, James Earl Ray shot and killed Martin Luther King Jr.
It was a traumatic event for the nation. There were riots in over 100 cities in response to the murder of the civil rights leader. President Lyndon Johnson, who canceled a trip to Hawaii to meet with his Vietnam military commanders when he heard the news, declared April 7 a national day of mourning. King’s funeral was on April 9.
Rather than respond coherently, baseball commissioner William Eckert left it up to each club whether to play its games. Some spring training games scheduled for April 5 and 6 were played, others were canceled. All spring training games on April 7 were canceled.
But some teams, including the Astros and Dodgers, decided to go ahead with their home openers scheduled on April 8. In Houston, the Pirates’ 11 black players, led by Roberto Clemente and Donn Clendenon, voted to refuse to play on April 8 or 9. In Los Angeles, Phillies general manager John Quinn announced his team wouldn’t play. Cardinals players notified management that they wouldn’t open the season on April 8, either. Ultimately, Eckert postponed all games on April 8 and 9, pushing the season opener back two days to Wednesday, April 10, the day after King’s funeral.
On that day, in the National League, the Reds beat the Cubs 9-4, and the Phillies, behind a Chris Short gem (four-hit shutout, with no walks and 10 strikeouts) blanked the Dodgers 2-0. The other three NL games were nine-inning walk-offs: The Cardinals beat the Braves 2-1, the Astros beat the Pirates 5-4, and the Giants beat the Mets 5-4.
The American League season openers provided more of a foreshadowing of the 1968 season. Cleveland’s Sonny Siebert pitched a two-hit shutout of the White Sox, 9-0. Minnesota’s Dean Chance pitched a four-hit shutout of the Senators, 2-0. New York’s Mel Stottlemyre pitched a four-hit shutout of the Angels, 1-0. The Orioles beat the A’s 3-1. Only in Detroit, where Boston topped the Tigers 7-3 behind two Yastrzemski home runs, did both teams score more than one run.
The rest of the abbreviated opening week featured eight more shutouts. On April 11, the Mets’ Jerry Koosman pitched a four-hit shutout of the Dodgers, 4-0. Two days later Don Drysdale returned the favor, also pitching a four-hit shutout that the Dodgers won, 1-0, over the Mets. On April 13, the Twins beat the Yankees 6-0 behind a Jim Perry four-hitter, and the Orioles beat the Angels 3-0 as Jim Hardin and Eddie Watt combined on a two-hitter. On April 14, two Mets rookies, Nolan Ryan and Danny Frisella, combined on a five-hit shutout of the Astros, 4-0. Pittsburgh’s Jim Bunning shut out the Dodgers on five hits, 3-0. The next day, Washington’s Camilo Pascual shut out the Angels, 7-0, on seven hits.
But the most 1968 game of the week occurred in Houston on Monday, April 15. Astros starter Don Wilson allowed five hits and three walks over nine innings. His mound opponent, the Mets’ Tom Seaver, allowed two hits and no walks over 10 innings. Neither starter allowed a run before turning the scoreless game over to their bullpens.
But it didn’t end there. Four Astros relievers combined to allow six hits and two walks, striking out 15, over the next 15 innings. Seven Mets pitchers allowed eight hits, five walks, and struck out 12 over 13 innings. We calculate Game Scores for starters, not relievers, but to that point, the Astros’ bullpen had compiled a Game Score of 118, the Mets’ bullpen 98. Neither had allowed a run.
The pitchers allowed few scoring opportunities. In the second inning, Astros catcher Hal King was thrown out trying to score from third base on a grounder to second base. In the 13th and 22nd innings, the Astros got runners to third with two outs but they didn’t advance. The Mets didn’t score after loading the bases with two outs in the 12th. In the 19th, with runners on second and third and two outs, pitcher Frisella, who was batting because the Mets were down to their backup catcher on the bench, struck out.
The game finally ended in the home half of the 24th. Astros right fielder Norm Miller singled and advanced to second on a balk. Mets pitcher Les Rohr intentionally walked Jimmy Wynn. Rusty Staub advanced both runners on a grounder. Rohr walked John Bateman intentionally, loading the bases with one out. Third baseman Bob Aspromonte hit a grounder to Al Weis, a second baseman who was playing shortstop because the Mets’ regular shortstop, Bud Harrelson, had a sore arm. The ball went through Weis’ legs, giving the Astros a 1-0 win in 24 innings. It remains the only game in MLB history to go more than 20 innings with no scoring.
The 24-inning game lasted six hours and six minutes, or exactly one minute longer than last year’s September 15 game between the Rays and Red Sox, won by Boston, 13-6, in 15 innings.
The Sporting News of April 27, 1968 also included this item:
Uecker Joins Braves’ Public Relations Staff
Bob Uecker, dropped by the Braves as coach and reserve catcher, has joined the Atlanta club’s speakers’ bureau.
Uecker will be available for guest appearances and appear on the Braves’ radio and television broadcasts. A club spokesman said Uecker will work out daily to be ready in the event he is needed as a catcher.
Uecker’s workouts went for naught; he was never called on to catch after the 1967 season. The speaking gig stuck, though.
 Vito Stellino, “24 Innings, Six Hours, One Run,” The Sporting News, April 27, 1968, pg. 34
 Ibid., no author, pg. 31
Thank you for reading
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July 28, 2020
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Anyway, if you're having a get-together and cheese curds are an appetizer, the party will have a great start! So, there are two cheeses I want to learn how to make. Mozzarella for homemade pizza, and cheddar -- just for the cheese curds. (And if I ripen some cheddar cheese, well yummy too.)
Today I spent practicing making cheese curds, since I still don't have a cheese press. Note to self : "put your glasses on when reading the thermometer." I heated the milk to 80 degrees thinking I was reading 90 degrees on the thermometer. Caught it after I put in the culture. :-) This is called "practicing". I'm sure I'll get something fairly tasty......I'll have to come up with a "new name" for my cheese...lol!
|Cutting the curd. I have a very hard time making a straight cut!|
|Draining the curd. (The whey is going into my breakfast shakes.)|
|"Docmom" Cheese Curds.|
They look nothing like the ones we buy around here :-)
They do squeak
They taste pretty good. (I'd put them out for a party.)
.......but I'm going to keep practicing.