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The Ulcer Index Indicator is a technical analysis tool that helps traders measure the volatility and risk of an investment. In this article, we will discuss the definition, working, and best settings of the Ulcer Index Indicator, and how to use it to trade in MT5.
The Ulcer Index Indicator is a technical analysis tool that measures the downside risk of an investment over a specified time period. The indicator was developed by Peter Martin in the 1980s as a way to measure the risk of mutual funds. The Ulcer Index Indicator takes into account both the magnitude and duration of price declines in an investment to provide a more accurate measure of risk.
Working of Ulcer Index Indicator in MT5
The Ulcer Index Indicator works by calculating the percentage drawdowns of an investment over a specified time period. The indicator then squares these drawdowns and averages them over the same time period to provide a measure of downside risk.
The Ulcer Index Indicator can be used to identify periods of high risk in an investment and to adjust trading strategies accordingly.
Best Settings for Ulcer Index Indicator
The best settings for the Ulcer Index Indicator depend on the trading strategy and the time frame being used. Generally, a shorter time frame, such as 5 minutes or 15 minutes, is used for intraday trading, while a longer time frame, such as 1 hour or 4 hours, is used for swing trading.
Traders can also adjust the sensitivity of the Ulcer Index Indicator by changing the time period being analyzed. A shorter time period will result in more sensitive signals, while a longer time period will result in less sensitive signals.
Table of Best Settings for Ulcer Index Indicator
The table below shows the best settings for the Ulcer Index Indicator for different time frames:
Traders can also customize the appearance of the Ulcer Index Indicator by changing the color of the line and other settings.
How to Trade with Ulcer Index Indicator?
The Ulcer Index Indicator can be used to identify periods of high risk in an investment and to adjust trading strategies accordingly. Here are two common ways to use the Ulcer Index Indicator to trade in MT5:
Adjust Risk Exposure
Traders can use the Ulcer Index Indicator to adjust their risk exposure based on the level of risk in the market. When the Ulcer Index Indicator is high, it indicates that the market is experiencing a high level of downside risk, and traders may want to reduce their risk exposure by adjusting their position size or using protective stops.
Use as a Confirming Indicator
Traders can also use the Ulcer Index Indicator as a confirming indicator to validate other technical analysis tools or trading signals. For example, if a trader receives a buy signal from another technical analysis tool, they can use the Ulcer Index Indicator to confirm that the investment is not experiencing a high level of downside risk.
Features of Ulcer Index Indicator
The Ulcer Index Indicator has several features that make it a useful tool for traders. Some of these features include:
- Measures the downside risk of an investment over a specified time period
- Customizable settings to suit different trading strategies
- Can be used to adjust risk exposure and confirm other technical analysis tools or trading signals
Free Download Link
To download the Ulcer Index Indicator for MT5 for free, click the download button below. Once you have downloaded the indicator, you can easily install it in your MT5 platform and start using it in your trading.Download indicator
The Ulcer Index Indicator is a powerful tool that can help forex traders measure the downside risk of an investment and adjust their trading strategies accordingly. By incorporating the Ulcer Index Indicator into their trading approach, traders can gain an edge in the markets and improve their chances of success.

domain: finance


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Influenza A viruses (IAVs) are aggressive pathogens that cause acute respiratory diseases and annual epidemics in humans. Host defense against IAV infection is initiated by macrophages, which are the principal effector cells of the innate immune system. We have previously shown that IAV infection of human macrophages is associated with robust secretion of proteins via conventional and unconventional protein release pathways. Here we have characterized unconventional, extracellular vesicle (EV)-mediated protein secretion in human macrophages during IAV infection using proteomics, bioinformatics, and functional studies. We demonstrate that at 9 h postinfection a robust EV-mediated protein secretion takes place. We identified 2359 human proteins from EVs of IAV-infected macrophages compared with 1448 proteins identified from EVs of control cells. Bioinformatic analysis shows that many proteins involved in translation, like components of spliceosome machinery and the ribosome, are secreted in EVs in response to IAV infection. Our data also shows that EVs derived from IAV-infected macrophages contain fatty acid-binding proteins, antiviral cytokines, copper metabolism Murr-1 domain proteins, and autophagy-related proteins. In addition, our data suggest that secretory autophagy plays a role in activating EV-mediated protein secretion during IAV infection.
Keywords: extracellular vesicles; influenza A virus; innate immunity; macrophages; proteomics.

domain: literature


text: Why is there not a nation wide boycott of Walmart along the lines of Dr. Martin Luther King's bus boycott? That would get Walmart CEO's attention. There are other inexpensive places to shop. Going to Walmart is just a habit. Folks can help each other out just like during the bus boycott.

domain: sociology


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Golden Cube LED Hanging Light:FRONT AND CENTER WITH MODERN GEOMETRY
The golden ratio has always been the standard for beauty in nature. Now, it can be for your interior decorations, too! This golden geometric hanging light is the ideal center piece as it draws the eye with its strikingly bold golden color as well as its perfectly balanced geometrical figure.
LIGHT SOURCE: LED
COLOUR OF LED: Warm White
BULBS INCLUDED: Yes
BODY COLOUR: Gold
Once an Order is Received, we will ship the product within 3 Working days and delivery will be in 5 to 7 working days.We are always available at firstname.lastname@example.org for any further details.

domain: design


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Official Kitchen Gardener
You've Got Kitchen Gardener Status
Set Up a Garden Coach Session Right Away
You're officially ready to take your Green Thumb to a whole new level.
So, let's go! Our favorite thing at Gardenary is helping you plan, set up, and grow your own kitchen garden. And we've got lots of ways to help you do just that.
Grab a seat in our signature course, Kitchen Garden Academy, a six week course that guides you from start to harvest in your own beautiful kitchen garden. Or, find a garden coach in your area and get set up. Check the map for your region and find a coach that knows how to garden where you live!

domain: agronomy


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A nation-wide antibody surveillance programme for the public has been launched by the UK Health Security Agency to collect data to build the government’s understanding of immunity against Covid-19.
The government today announced that free home antibody tests kits will be offered to adults in the UK who test positive for the virus from Tuesday.
Anyone over 18 years old will have the chance to opt in to take part in the programme when booking a PCR test through the NHS Test and Trace system.
The government said up to 8,000 people out of those who opt in and get a positive PCR result, will then be sent two finger prick antibody tests which they can use at home before sending back to a lab for analysis.
The UK Health Security Agency plans to use the data collected to help estimate the proportion of people who got Covid-19 despite developing antibodies after either having a vaccine or previously catching the virus. They said the programme could also contribute to insight about any groups of people who do not develop an immune response.
Sajid Javid, the secretary of state for health and social care, said: “Our new national antibody testing will be quick and easy to take part in, and by doing so you’ll be helping strengthen our understanding of COVID-19 as we cautiously return to a more normal life.”
He added that the UK vaccination programme has already prevented “around 24 million infections and more than 100,000 deaths in England alone. I urge everyone across the UK to get both vaccinations as soon as possible.”
Dr Jenny Harries, the chief executive of the UK National Health Security Agency said antibody testing was being rolled out across the UK “to gain vital data into the impact of our vaccination programme and on immune responses to different variants of Covid-19.”
“The best way to protect yourself and those around you is by getting vaccinated,” she added, “I encourage anyone who has not yet come forward to book their first and second jabs.”
Commenting on the UK’s testing progress, Dr Susan Hopkins, the Covid-19 strategic response director of Public Health England, said: “Our testing armoury is stronger than ever now we are rolling out antibody testing to thousands of people in England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland alongside the vast testing capacity we have built including our NHS Test and Trace system.

domain: biology


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Carlsberg, the world’s fourth largest brewery with over 120 brands and a sales revenue of $10 billion, is eyeing 5 per cent share of the Indian beer market this year. The company, which is still in the first year of operations, has so far invested Rs 250 crore in India, and is planning to introduce its global brands over the next few years.
It also plans to set up a greenfield brewery at Hooghly in West Bengal in collaboration with an Indian company Parag Breweries at an investment of Rs 80 crore - Rs 100 crore.
Pradeep Gidwani, managing director of Carlsberg’s India operations, said: “The West Bengal plant will have a capacity of 1.5 lakh hectolitres (hl) and should be operational by the end of this year. Carlsberg will have a 60 per cent holding in the Bengal unit.”
Among its other plans, the company is rolling out Carlsberg brand nationally, after testing it in north Indian markets. Besides, the company will roll out Palone brand soon. “Innovation is the need of the hour and, therefore, our attempt will be to try and create a niche category for all-malt beer in India. Currently, there are no players in all-malt beer, and with innovation packaging and marketing initiatives, we intend to capture 5 per cent market share within the first year of operations,” Gidwani added.
The total beer market in India is currently 12 million hl. Carlsberg’s largest markets currently are the UK and Denmark. In India, its brands are currently available in over 5,000 outlets.
In order to boost on-the-go consumption and impulse purchase, Carlsberg will introduce cans priced at Rs 40 for 500 ml. Currently, a 330-ml Carlsberg bottle is priced between Rs 30 and Rs 60, subject to state-level taxes. Carlsberg entered into a joint venture in 2006 to form South Asia Breweries to build a greenfield brewery in Rajasthan.
Carlsberg holds 45 per cent stake in South Asia Breweries, the Industrialisation Fund for Development Countries of Danish government holds 10 per cent and the remaining 45 per cent is owned by a group of investors led by Carlsberg’s partner in Sri Lanka, the Lion Brewery Ceylon.

domain: geography


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Fast Food Stocks for 2013
In 2013 Mastery wants to cash in on the best and overlooked Fast Food stocks. America will continue to get fatter and spread its gluttony all over the planet. That means its time to load up on McDonalds Corp (MCD), Yum! Brands Inc (YUM), and risk some on Chipotle Mexican Grill (CMG).
Both McDonalds and Chipotle are not finishing 2012 on a high note for shareholders. Yum! Brands is on the other hand firing on all cylinders and increased 17% per share in 2012. Yum! did this while still paying out a 1.94% annual dividend yield. McDonalds shares fell10% this year and Chipotle has tanked 29% in the last 6 months. Chipotle has yet to offer a dividend. Buy 10 tacos and get one free burrito is about all you get for $280 a share. McDonald's on the other hand now sports a 3.4% annual dividend yield thanks to its depressed stock price.
Mastery started warming up to Chipotle in October and now that their shares have added another $30 we really like the trade. The analyst community is starting to rally around CMG and its a stock that could easily increase 30% from today's price before Wall Street notices. Last month Chipotle added $100 million to its existing $100 million share repurchase plan announced the previous month. Chipotle caught the eye of Bank of America last month as well, they gave the stock and upgrade to "Buy". BofA likes CMG's 30% discount to its 5-year average valuation.
Yum! is the winner of the three heading into 2013, there's reason to believe that trend will continue. Last week Goldman Sachs upped their price target on Yum! Brands to $77 (implies a 11% 12 month increase from today price).
McDonald's just brought back the McRib, isn't that reason enough to buy the stock?
Bottom line: Diversify your stock portfolio buy adding a little Fast Food to it before the New Year. Both Yum! and McDonalds offer a dividend and could be steady move higher in 2013. CMG could double from its current valuation and has finally bounced from its recent decline.
Here's how those 3 stocks look today:
Yum! Brands Inc (YUM) shares have traded between $57.45 and $74.75 over the past 12 months. YUM shares are now trading with a P/E Ratio of 20 and EPS of 3.4. Yum! is trading at $69.07 and its shares are 8% from its 12 month high.
McDonald's Corp (MCD) shares trade at $89.91 and are 7% from its 52-week low. McDonald's has a reasonable P/E Ratio of 16.7 and EPS of 5.31.
Chipotle Mexican Grill Inc (CMG) shares have traded between $233.82 and $442.40 over the past 12 months. CMG shares are now trading with a P/E Ratio of 32.2 and EPS of 8.6.
Chipotle is trading at $286.68 and its shares are 18.44% from its 12 month low.
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- » Halal Poultry
Halal Poultry Recipes
Enjoy our collection of halal poultry recipes submitted, reviewed and rated by ifood.tv community. Meet people who are looking for halal poultry recipes.
Wash Basmati Rice and keep aside. Heat 1 tsp ghee is a small skillet. Add bay leaves, cloves, cinnamon sticks, green cardamoms and saute for a few seconds and add this to the Rice. Add 4 cups water and allow it to soak for 30 minutes.
Cook Rice either on... - 43.501
Classic Chicken Korma
Cut Chicken into small pieces, wash well & marinate chicken with yogurt, ginger garlic paste, salt, chilly powder & turmeric powder for half-an-hour.
Heat oil in a deep saucepan, when hot, add mustard seeds, shajeera, bayleaf, cloves & cinnamon stick & saute... - 40.0054
scoop yolks into a bowl. Mash well add mayonnaise and Dijon mustard until desired consistency is reached. Stir in white part of sliced onion and most of the chopped parsley. Taste and add salt and pepper to taste.
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domain: food


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Hey there! If this is interesting to you, then you’ll want to pre-order my book To Dye For: How Toxic Fashion Is Making Us Sick. It’s coming out in June 2023, and it dives deeper into all the chemicals that show up in all sorts of clothing…and what you can do to protect yourself. Pre-order it here.
A few years ago, a friend forwarded an Instagram story to me from a wellness influencer who was warning her followers against wearing clothing made from recycled bottles. Her theory was that, as a recycled plastic, rPET fabric contains harmful endocrine-disrupting substances like BPA or phthalates that will interfere with your thyroid function and hormones.
This theory is not so farfetched. It’s been well-reported that many types of plastics, including water bottles, have chemicals in them that can leach out, especially when water bottles are heated, like if you leave one in your car in the summer. Scientists have found high levels of antimony, a heavy metal and potential carcinogen, though not confirmed as an endocrine disruptor, in water sold in disposable PET bottles, the kind that are recycled into polyester. Most American-made PET plastic bottles do not contain the endocrine disruptor BPA, which has been linked to breast cancer and infertility — it’s more likely to be found in polycarbonate bottles like reusable squeezy sports bottles and food can linings. But that’s not a hard-and-fast rule. BPA has been found in Chinese water bottles, and since most polyester is manufactured in Asia (but not all) it’s possible that your recycled polyester leggings are made from this same type of PET.
In fact, experts recommend that you never reuse a disposable water bottle, because of these chemicals that leach out. But… can you recycle it andwear itand be OK?
Is polyester made from recycled water bottles especially toxic to wear?
To answer this question, I turned to Dr. Martin Mulvihill, a trained chemist, researcher, and senior advisor and board member at the Berkeley Center for Green Chemistry, which he helped create and where he served as the founding initial Executive Director from 2010 to 2015. He’s now the co-founder and partner at Safer Made, a mission-driven venture capital fund that invests in companies and technologies that reduce human exposure to harmful chemicals. In other words, he’s an expert.
PET stands for polyethylene terephthalate. If you’re familiar with the world of toxic chemicals, you might have spied “phthalate” in there, which is part of a group of chemicals that are either known or suspected endocrine disruptors. Why should you care? Because endocrine disruptors essentially mimic hormones in a harmful way, leading to thyroid issues, and potentially breast cancer and fertility and developmental issues in children. But, “It is important to recognize that terephthalates are not suspected to be endocrine disruptors in the same way that ortho-phthalates are,” Mulvihill said. They’re not one of the phthalates banned in the European Union, for example. And he’s seen no evidence that any phthalates leach into the water inside PET water bottles, much less leach out of PET polyester clothing wearing it.
He next cites the research I talked about above showing that antimony, which is used to manufacture PET, has leached into the water inside water bottles. It’s a heavy metal and suspected carcinogen, though not an endocrine disruptor. Manufacturers could use titanium instead of antimony to manufacture PET for bottles, but it’s more expensive and doesn’t work as well, so they rarely do.
“But I am not overly concerned about it impacting human health,” he says. That’s because the research shows that it takes 38 days of a water bottle being heated to 150 degrees Fahrenheit for antimony to reach unsafe levels, and that is for water that you ingest, not fabric against your skin.
The study on Chinese water bottles indicated that BPA release at four weeks in 158-degree heat was below EPA standards. Let’s be honest: if you’re in 150-degree heat while wearing your workout clothing, you have bigger problems than your hormones. However, there’s been a lot of research on how even the lowest doses of BPA can affect not only your hormones, but the development of your future children (you’ve already got the eggs for your future children in your body, and they can be affected by BPA in your system). Hormones regulate so many different vital processes in our bodies; just a tiny amount can throw things out of wack. “Because BPA has completely different effects at low levels than it does at high levels, there’s no such thing as a ‘safe level,'” Rick Smith and Bruce Lourie wrote in their 2009 book, “Slow Death by Rubber Duck“.This debate, that no dose of BPA and other endocrine-disrupting chemicals can ever be safe, has continued to play out since then.
Finally, ever thorough in his answer (I love scientists), Mulvihill said that recycled PET could be contaminated with other plastics that do have endocrine disruptors. “That said, contamination severely impacts the quality of fiber, so a lot of time and effort goes to removing any non-PET contamination. The amount of contamination probably isn’t zero, but I haven’t seen any data to indicate it is a serious concern…I think that this could be an example of how the public messaging around plastic = bad when it comes to food is having an unintended consequence,” Mulvihill concluded in his 2019 email.
Wait, I’ve got one more consideration here. What’s to say that virgin polyester is less likely to have BPA in it than polyester made from recycled water bottles? “There’s almost no very pure PET on the market,” says Helene Wiesinger, a researcher at ETH Zurich, who published a risk assessment of plastic additives. “There’s always something that you add in to make it more resistant to UV or more resistant to heat or more resistant to a lot of different things.”
Recently, the Center for Environmental Health in California found BPA in socks from 88 different brands. CEH specified that the common denominator was polyester content—cotton socks were fine. It said nothing about the recycled content. According to Oeko-Tex, “BPA can be added in the manufacturing of polyester as an intermediary step to improve the natural properties and lifespan of a fabric. In the production of polyester fabric, BPA can be used to create hygroscopic and antistatic fabric with colorfastness to washing. …And it may also be used in spandex production for antistatic properties.”
Maybe, the problem isn’t that the polyester is recycled. Maybe, the problem is the polyester itself. But you might have bigger things to worry about than even the polyester…
Why you should care less about the material and more about the finish.
The type of material does matter hugely when it comes to the environment. When it comes to emissions and waste, there is currently some debate about whether recycling water bottles into fabric instead of into water bottles is actually the better choice. That’s another whole article, but in terms of your health, what really matters is the substances that were put on the material. How was it washed and dyed? Are there any toxic finishes on it?
“BPA and other bisphenols may be used as dye-fixing agents for polyester and polyamide textiles. Furthermore, BPA can be used in the production of flame retardants, fungicides, antioxidants and in PVC production,” Oeko-Tex says.
If my biggest concern was toxicity, and you presented me with a white, 100% polyester blouse certified by Oeko-Tex, and an neon-colored, organic cotton blouse that was treated with formaldehyde to prevent wrinkles, I would absolutely choose the polyester blouse. After all, if the chemical is in polyester, it has to leach out before it can be absorbed into your skin. Whereas finishes are always off-gassing, sloughing off, or mixing with your sweat.
“In the end, many of us care about both human and environmental health, but I think it is worthwhile to make the distinction,” Mulvihill told me in 2019. “From an environmental perspective, the rPET is a good thing, but we need to make sure it isn’t coated with harmful chemicals or antimicrobials before we declare it a good option for human health.”
So if you’re reading this because you’re pregnant, or you’re having thyroid, fertility, or reproductive health issues, then my advice to you is to look for companies that care about how their clothing is treated.
Look for Oeko-Tex, GOTS, and bluesign labels. For big brands, check to see if they’re a member of ZDHC, an industry group that prohibits manufacturers from using certain toxic substances, or Afirm, which helps brands test their products before they get onto shelves. Nike has had a robust chemical management system in place for longer than almost anyone. Also avoid anti-microbial, anti-odor, anti-wrinkle, and (with a few exceptions) anti-stain finishes.
If, after reading this, you prefer natural fibers, there are a few options we rounded up for you. If you prefer nylon and polyester, make sure to check out our roundup of sustainable athletic brands, many of which are completely non-toxic.

domain: chemistry


Washington lawmakers packed a whole lot into 54 days.
Capital budget? Passed it. Legislative fix to the educational crisis? Done (sort of?). Cowardly attempt to get themselves out of revealing their communications? On the governor’s desk in record time (where it was vetoed).
As advocates take their victory laps around the governor’s desk or regroup for the next session, let’s review the bills that Real Change followed over the course of the short session.
The capital budget — It passed! The state’s primary source of funding tangible projects was held up by the courts for months after a decision regarding some intricate details around water rights. Unfortunately, the legislature did not come up with a fix fast enough to spare some affordable housing projects that were forced to miss a critical deadline for tax credits to finance projects. The legislature was a single day late.
HB 1570 — A homegrown bill to protect funding for homeless services passed the legislature — a relief to advocates who worry session to session about the reticence of the legislature to adequately address the homelessness crisis. HB 1570, from Seattle’s own Nicole Macri, extended fees on certain documents associated with real estate. Document recording fees were set to sunset, depriving the state of a primary source of funding for homeless services. Like many things with local government, the stability of the source is key; it’s hard to plan when a critical funding source remains uncertain.
HB 2578 — People who benefit from government programs will no longer be denied access to the private housing market after a law passed this session requiring landlords to accept rent payments and other forms of income guaranteed by government..
The bill, signed by the governor, ensures that folks with Section 8 vouchers — rental subsidies that guarantee that the federal government will pick up the tab after a voucher holder pays 30 percent of their income in rent — and other forms of governmental subsidy are treated the same as any other prospective tenant.
Before, landlords could reject an application even though a government agency was guaranteed to back the majority of the monthly rent and utility payments or the tenant used income such as social security. Such discrimination was outlawed in Seattle in 2016 and in some outlying cities, such as Renton. Renton enacted a temporary law after families with Section 8 vouchers were threatened with eviction.
HB 1783 — It is a popular idea that people who break the law pay for their crimes. Unfortunately, in Washington state, many people continue to pay exorbitant fees called “legal financial obligations” for decades after the fact. The overwhelming debt, which only grows because of an interest rate of up to 12 percent in some cases, can weigh down their ability to move on with their lives. It may even end with them back in lock up.
That practice could be outlawed as of this legislative session. A bill waiting on the governor’s desk eliminates interest on certain parts of court-imposed fees, prohibits a court from imposing those penalties on a person who can’t afford them at sentencing and creates a system for payment plans to help people who need it, all while protecting a fund for victims of crimes.
It’s a measure that advocates have been fighting for years to enact.
Other bills of note:
● Lawmakers passed a suite of voter registration bills that will allow same-day voter registration, pre-registration for kids 16 and above and the ability for automatic voter registration after a person comes into contact with certain state agencies. In a time characterized by politicians using office to suppress the vote, Washington has stood out as a place making it easier rather than harder to participate in democracy.
● Despite the best efforts of advocates, rent control did not make it through the legislature. The policy, outlawed in the 1980s, was widely opposed by landlords who point to the wide body of economics literature on why rent control is ultimately a failed policy. But with high rents and little ability to keep long-time residents in place, some believe that rent control legislation is coming back.
● Che Taylor. Charleena Lyles. Renee Davis. Tommy Le. The list of people killed by police officers in the Puget Sound area goes on, and people are frustrated by the fact that it is next to impossible to hold law enforcement to account under current law. Initiative 940, backed by De-Escalate Washington, could change that. The measure requires training in de-escalation techniques for law enforcement and, critically, changes the legal standard under which an officer can kill a person without consequence. The measure passed the legislature, but has been challenged in court by none other than Tim Eyman, a man who has nothing better to do than mess with the initiative system.
Ashley Archibald is a Staff Reporter covering local government, policy and equity. Have a story idea? She can be can reached at ashleya (at) realchangenews (dot) org. Twitter @AshleyA_RC
Wait, there's more. Check out the full March 21 - 27 issue.


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The Arizona Republic yesterday got the scoop that several Maricopa County employees are getting fussy over having to submit to saliva swabs for nicotine analysis to prove that they don't use tobacco products in order to be eligible for lower insurance premiums than non-tobbacco using employees.
According the Republic, the difference in premiums between smokers and non-smokers is about $480 per year.
See the Republic's article here.
The move is part of a trend, the Republic claims, to create an incentive for employees to live healthier lifestyles, although, while the practice is more common in the private sector, Maricopa County is among the first public-sector workplaces to implement such a policy.
The county is in the process of trying to trim some of its health care costs for employees, but some workers feel it's an invasion of their privacy, and the information taken from the swabs could be used to get other information about employees.
Currently, to qualify for the non-smoker premium rate, all employees need to do is check a box saying they don't use tobacco products, which is real easy to do, especially if the employee's a smoker who wants the lower rate.
In other words, the county is trying to save money on health care costs for employees by asking workers to prove that they aren't smokers in order to qualify for the lower rate. In turn, requiring employees to prove they don't smoke could encourage people to quit -- which could
also save the county money on health care costs. But it's still a little nanny-state-ish, if you ask us.
We want to know what you think: is asking county employees to prove they don't use tobacco via-a cheek swab an invasion of privacy?
Cast your vote below:

domain: economics


Poland chooses to be quasi-Belarus or full-fledged EU partner: journalist on parliamentary election
Marek Sierant, a Polish expert and journalist, says that the parliamentary elections in Poland on October 15 will determine the direction of the country's development
He said this on Espreso TV.
"We have the rhetoric that now in Poland is one of the most important elections since the 90s. Because these elections determine the direction of Poland's development. We have to understand that the current Polish government has quarreled with Ukraine, the European Union, and even with allies from overseas. Some things don't come to the surface, but when the US ambassador speaks and tells the Polish politicians who run our society and country not to pass that law and not to do it before the elections. We are talking about a law that was supposed to be a cleansing of Russian influence," said the Polish expert.
According to him, all the politicians of the Law and Justice party did not even hide the fact that the law was aimed at Tusk and his opposition party to drag him into alleged cooperation with Russia, thus stopping him from participating in the parliamentary elections without a trial.
"Now is a historic moment in Poland, because we are directly choosing whether we will be a quasi-Belarus, i.e., we are supposed to be in the EU, but we will move away from European values. Or we will be in the European Union as a full-fledged partner that can be counted on," said Marek Sierant.


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Maverick City Music is an American contemporary worship music collective and record label founded by Tony Brown and Jonathan Jay, originating from Atlanta, Georgia. The collective made its debut in 2019 with the release of two extended plays, Maverick City, Vol. 1 and Maverick City, Vol. 2. In 2020, Maverick City Music released two live albums: Maverick City Vol. 3 Part 1 and Maverick City, Vol. 3 Pt. 2, with the former featuring the singles, "Man of Your Word" and "Promises". The collective later released their first collaborative EP with Upperroom, You Hold It All Together (2020), followed by the holiday-themed EP, Maverick City Christmas (2020). In 2021, Maverick City Music released their second collaborative EP with Upperroom, Move Your Heart. This was followed by another EP titled Jubilee (2021). Maverick City Music released their first Spanish-language album, Como En El Cielo (2021), which featured the single "Acercame". They also released a collaborative album with Elevation Worship titled Old Church Basement, which contained the hit promotional singles "Jireh", "Talking to Jesus" and "Wait on You".


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Roksanda Ilincic is known for her vibrant use of color, but today the atmosphere at her show was markedly more subdued than usual, and the walls of the set were painted a deep shade of midnight blue. The designer had been thinking about the cult classic The Night Porter for Fall 2016, as well as the work of legendary photographer Deborah Turbeville, and the collage of darkly romantic imagery proved to be a heady cocktail of inspiration from start to finish. Ilincic’s signature ankle-grazing silhouette had a particularly appealing sensuality this time around: Long and lean satin dresses in shades of burgundy, persimmon, and blue skimmed the body in just the right way and came fastened with thick velvet ribbons. There were several alluring renditions of the high collar in the collection, from the sunray pleating at the neck of dresses to a multicolored shaggy fur shrug that was tied up in bows. The dimensions of a full-length knit are usually too challenging for anyone other than Ilincic, who is blessed with the height and shape of a model, yet her graphic Lurex polo shirtdress was cut with a figure-flattering line.
Dresses are undoubtedly the designer’s strong suit, though with her Lurex sweater and ball skirt combo, Ilincic made a compelling case for separates after dark; ditto the pajama top and wide-legged bottoms that were covered with whimsical hand-drawn illustrations of moons, stars, nudes, and cats—about as grown-up as novelty prints get. Bags were a first for Ilincic this season, too, and the velvet hands-free purses and sleek doctor’s bags with jewellike hardware lent a discreet and stylish sway to the collection. In an age when the real estate of a dress seems to be shrinking in favor of a barely there aesthetic, it was refreshing to see a designer who is championing modest glamour on the red carpet with such convention and flair.

domain: artistic


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The vision is to go beyond producing bags
The bags are now available on a made to order basis.
But the vision is to go beyond producing and selling the bags.
The project is being offered to fashion brands and retailers as a concept to develop a new collection or product line that is based on a circular strategy.
LET'S CREATE THE FUTURE OF FASHION TOGETHER?
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Spurs are hoping to sell Paulo Gazzaniga this summer as boss Jose Mourinho reportedly ‘doesn’t trust’ the player.
The Argentinian shot-stopper was forced to join Spanish side Elche in January in search of game time.
According to Football Insider, Spurs will hold talks with Gazzaniga on his return from Elche at the end of the campaign.
They will aim to engineer a transfer for the 29-year-old away from the Tottenham Hotspur Stadium.
The report states that Mourinho ‘doesn’t trust’ Gazzaniga in the first team and is willing to let him leave.
The manager is hoping Hugo Lloris will return to form after a string of poor performances.
Spurs can also rely on former England number one Hart, who was signed as a backup for Lloris.
Gazzaniga proved his worth to the club last season following a serious injury to club captain.
He made 18 Premier League appearances from September onwards as Spurs secured sixth place.
But the player has fallen down the pecking order under Mourinho and his future at the club is pretty much over.
Gazzaniga has been an unused sub in three La Liga fixtures this term with Elche.
He is struggling to overtake Edgar Badia as the club’s number one shot-stopper.
Despite his lack of game time, there will be plenty of potential suitors for Gazzaniga if he does leave.
He could drop down to a mid-table Prem club where he might be considered as the first-choice keeper.
An example is Emiliano Martinez, who left Arsenal to join Aston Villa in September.
Martinez has certified his place at Villa Park and is now one of the most reliable keepers in the division.

domain: sports


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Lookup NU author(s): Dr Jonathan McDonough,
Dr Richard Law,
Professor Adam Harvey
This is the authors' accepted manuscript of an article that has been published in its final definitive form by American Chemical Society, 2019.
For re-use rights please refer to the publisher's terms and conditions.
Additive manufacturing enables the fabrication of geometries previously unavailable via conventional means. Here, a helically coiled channel containing a secondary helical coil insert was 3D-printed and operated in a net flow with superimposed oscillation. This “coil-in-coil” geometry exhibited exceptional plug flow quality at low Reynolds numbers (Re = 10–50). High levels of plug flow were observed at oscillation amplitudes of 2–8 mm. The greatest degree of plug flow occurred with Reo/Ren = 2–7 and Sr = 1–2. Surprisingly, the coil-in-coil geometry demonstrated excellent plug flow behavior (N = 40–100) at very low oscillation frequencies (f = 0.25–0.5 Hz). Compared to various benchmark designs (“plain” coiled tube, straight tube containing a helical coil insert, and plain straight tube), the coil-in-coil geometry demonstrated enhanced plug flow quality at low frequencies (≤1 Hz) at all amplitudes and low amplitudes (1–2 mm) at all frequencies.
Author(s): McDonough JR, Armett J, Law R, Harvey AP
Publication type: Article
Publication status: Published
Journal: Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research
Online publication date: 01/11/2019
Acceptance date: 01/11/2019
Date deposited: 20/01/2020
ISSN (print): 0888-5885
ISSN (electronic): 1520-5045
Publisher: American Chemical Society
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Faculty and staff who remember standout English grad Saul Lemerond (Class of 2011) will be interested to know that he will return to campus Monday (March 24) and read from his short story collection, Kayfabe & Other Stories. Lemerond, a former Sheepshead Review editor in chief who earned summa cum laude honors and distinction in the major, will present at 2:30 p.m. in the Heritage Room of the University Union. The event is free and open to the public. Lemorond teaches creative writing at Saginaw Chippewa Tribal College in Mount Pleasant, Mich. His work has appeared in Dunesteef, Temenos, Waterhouse Review, and elsewhere. He holds a master’s in creative writing from Central Michigan and, his publicity notes say, “writes ham-fisted satire while giggling to himself, and he hopes to someday move south because his hands get cold in the winter.” Lemorand will also judge the Sheephead Review Rising Phoenix fiction award category this year.
Above: Poetry staffers dressed up as literary journals: (from l-r) Verse Wisconsin, Poetry Magazine, Atticus Review, and The Paris Review.
“Excuse me, are you The Paris Review?” asks a poet hoping to publish her work.
“Yes, but you’ll have to work harder to get to know me. I’m historic and impressive,” replies The Paris Review, dressed in a suit, tie, and hat.
“Hey! Hey! Come submit to me!” shouts the neon-sweatered poetry journal Verse Wisconsin. “I’ll find a place for you!”
As part of an assignment in Associate Prof. Rebecca Meacham’s English 324: Practicum in Literary Publishing course, students recently presented their findings on “the competition” — arts journals of national repute. At the same time, staffers also produce an issue of UWGB’s journal of the arts, Sheepshead Review. Every semester, students delve into Meacham’s assignment, “The Aesthetic Project,” to evaluate how arts journals attract contributors, promote events, connect with artists, and sell issues.
“Many students have never even seen a journal before they do this project,” Meacham says. “Once they interact with other magazines, they turn a critical eye on Sheepshead Review, deciding what we could do, what we should do — and what we definitely should not do.”
Over the years, “The Aesthetic Project” assignment has spurred editors to develop Sheepshead Review into a full-color, 160-page magazine featuring dynamic design elements, interviews, and occasional special sections. Since its founding in the 1970s, the journal has won the prestigious ADDY award for design, garnered praise in New Pages review of literary magazines, and attracted contributors from Israel, New Zealand, and all over the U.S.
Every aspect of the journal and the “Practicum” course is student-directed — and intended to build professional skills.
For the Fall 2013 “Aesthetic Project,” students will conduct a semester-long assessment of other journals, following Twitter accounts, Facebook pages, websites, and blogs, as well as reading print and electronic copies of issues.
Already, staffers have proposed redesigns of Sheepshead Review’s website.
Current Editor in Chief Beth Heidtke is thrilled by the enthusiasm, as is Meacham.
“Every semester, students are invigorated by this project. Our layout editor wants to change the journal’s paper and size,” Meacham says. “And we now have a team of Social Media editors on Twitter and Facebook, who are planning a Sheepshead Tumblr and blog.”
In fact, the power of first impressions — and networking — became clear when a student group chose to dress up as their assigned journals — and Meacham tweeted the picture to the journals’ editors.
“What a fun idea! We’re guessing Atticus is represented by the second lady from the right?” tweeted @Atticus Books.
“We’re definitely the hat/tie wearing individual on the right!” replied @Paris Review.
Story and photo submitted by Associate Professor Rebecca Meacham.
A UW-Green Bay student is advancing to the national American Advertising Federation Addy Awards competition, having qualified at the district level earlier this year. Continue reading “Success by design: A big year at the Addys for UW-Green Bay”
The Northeast Wisconsin Fox River Ad Club Addy Awards Gala was held Thursday (Feb. 28) in Appleton. The competition sponsored by the Fox River Ad Club is the first level of American Advertising Federation recognition leading up to regional and national awards, with “Gold Award” winners advancing. In a previous edition of this newsletter, we shared the news that graphic design student Matt Vanden Boomen received multiple awards. The highest honor, a Gold Student Addy Award for graphic design of the fall 2012 Sheepshead Review, was actually a joint honor shared with another student. Vanden Boomen, the journal’s creative editor, partnered with chief layout editor Jake Jenkins on the design. This year’s adviser for Sheepshead Review is Prof. Chuck Rybak of English and Humanistic Studies, and the student editor-in-chief is Kelsey Duquaine.
UW-Green Bay’s biannual Sheepshead Review literary magazine earned positive marks from a national online review recently, with NewPages.com praising its contents and visual appeal. “NFL fans who take pleasure in the arts will affirm that Green Bay has more to offer than the Packers,” the review starts off, before praising “one of the visually strongest arts journals in the current landscape.” The review also discusses specific works, including visual art and short stories. “This magazine deserves a slot in the literary magazine playoffs,” the review concludes, “and has least as good a chance as the Packers do to win out.” Uhh, never mind that Packers part, maybe. Check out www.uwgb.edu/sheepshead, and read the full review here.
The University of Wisconsin-Green Bay will welcome a noted fiction writer, editor — and vendor at Chicago’s Wrigley Field — for a series of public events Monday, April 9 on the campus at 2420 Nicolet Drive.
Mike Czyzniejewski is the author of numerous stories that have been published in a variety of noted literary reviews and magazines. His story collection, Elephants in Our Bedroom, was published in 2009, and his newest work, Chicago Stories – 40 Dramatic Fictions is newly published. Author Aimee Bender has described Czyzniejewski’s writing as “both wry-funny and absurd-funny, plunging into the everyday and the outrageous — here’s a bouquet of bright and fun-to-read stories.”
Czyzniejewski was born in Chicago and grew up in its south suburbs. He earned his Master of Fine Arts degree at Bowling Green (Ohio) State University, and now teaches there while editing the Mid-American Review. He also works as a vendor at Wrigley Field, selling everything from soda and peanuts to hot dogs and beer. Czyzniejewski lives in Bowling Green with his wife and son.
Czyzniejewski will be featured at the following events on Monday, April 9. Each will take place in the Christie Theatre of UW-Green Bay’s University Union, and each is free and open to the public.
• Writing workshop, 1-2 p.m.: Czyzniejewski will lead participants through a creative writing exercise.
• Fiction reading and Q & A, 2:30-3:30 p.m.: Copies of Czyzniejewski’s two story collections will be available for signing and cash purchase.
• What’s next? A panel discussion about careers in editing and journal design, 4-5 p.m.: Discussion will feature Czyzniejewski, along with Wendy Vardaman and Sarah Busse (poet laureates of Madison and co-editors of the journal Verse Wisconsin) and Rana Husseini (human rights advocate and award-winning journalist for the Jordan Times).
All three events are sponsored by the Campus Writers’ Union, Sheepshead Review and the Department of Humanistic Studies.
He’s a fiction writer, editor, and Wrigley Field vendor and he’ll be on campus Monday (April 9) for various events throughout the day. Mike Czyzniejewski’s visit is sponsored by the Campus Writers’ Union, Sheepshead Review and Humanistic Studies. His newest book, Chicago Stories, is a collection of dramatic, usually funny fictions — each told in the persona of a famous Chicagoan (or even buildings, like Soldier Field or the water tower). His writing has been described as “both wry-funny and absurd-funny, plunging into the everyday and the outrageous.” More on Czyniejewski.
• 1 to 2 p.m., Christie Theatre – Writing Workshop with Mike Czyniejewski: the author will lead participants through a creative writing exercise. All are welcome.
• 2:30 to 3:30 p.m., Christie Theater – Fiction Reading and Q&A with Mike Czyzniejewski: copies of his two story collections will be available for signing and cash purchase. All are welcome.
• 4 to 5 p.m., Christie Theatre – Panel Discussion about Careers in Editing and Journal Design with Mike Czyzniejewski, fiction writer and editor of the literary journal Mid American Review; Wendy Vardamann and Sarah Busse, poet laureates of Madison and co-editors of the journal Verse Wisconsin; and Rana Husseini, human rights advocate, author and award-winning journalist for the Jordan Times. All are welcome.
The spring issue of Sheepshead Review, UW-Green Bay’s journal of the arts, will be unveiled Tuesday (May 4) at an open-house-style gathering from 3:45 to 6 p.m. in the Common Grounds Coffee House and Heritage Room of the University Union. Everyone is invited to stop in to meet the artists, enjoy cake and refreshments – read more.
The spring issue of Sheepshead Review, UW-Green Bay’s journal of the arts, will be unveiled Tuesday, May 4 in an open house ceremony from 3:45 to 6 p.m. in the Common Grounds Coffee House and Heritage Room of the University Union. Everyone is invited to stop in to meet the artists, enjoy cake and refreshments, and of course, pick up their copy of the new edition. For the first time ever, the Sheepshead Review will include a photo documentary. There will also be a silent auction that will include artwork and signed books.

domain: news


COLUMBUS—State Representative Craig S. Riedel (R-Defiance) today announced that the Ohio House of Representatives has approved the conference committee report on Amended Substitute House Bill 49, the state operating budget. With a major focus on combating Ohio’s dangerous drug epidemic and ensuring that schools receive vital funding, the legislation provides support to areas most in need and keeps spending under the rate of inflation over the biennium.
“I voted yes in support of House Bill 49 because I believe this budget is an important step in helping Ohio become fiscally responsible again. The Medicaid expansion program has grown at an alarming rate, and without this freeze the program will become unstainable, leaving single mothers, children, and the elderly without healthcare,” said Rep. Riedel. “As the representative of 120,000 people it is my responsibility to ensure Ohio’s most vulnerable population has healthcare, but to also make sure that taxpayer dollars are spent responsibly. That is what we, as a legislative body, have done with House Bill 49.”
The bill addresses the following issues, among others:
COMBATING THE DRUG EPIDEMIC
As championed by the House through the Ohio HOPES (Heroin, Opioids, Prevention, Education and Safety) Agenda, the budget tackles the state’s drug epidemic head-on with funding totaling $180 million in new money. Investments focused on the areas of prevention, treatment, mental health care and workforce programs ensure that communities across Ohio, both rural and urban, receive the support they need to educate young people, help those who are addicted and prevent overdose deaths, which is a statistic that continues to rise.
Enhancing opportunities for all Ohioans is a central component of the state operating budget with an increase in K-12 education funding by $154 million in FY’18 and $120 million in FY’ 19. The bill also increases per-pupil funding and rewards high-performing educational service centers.
LOWERING THE COST OF HIGHER EDUCATION
The bill promotes tuition guarantee programs to provide more cost consistency to students while also requiring colleges to study textbook expenses in order to ultimately reduce the cost of obtaining a college degree.
STRENGTHENING ACCOUNTABILITY WITHIN THE MEDICAID PROGRAM
House Bill 49 makes Ohio the first state to seek a federal waiver to freeze new enrollment to the Medicaid Group VIII expansion population with certain exemptions (the drug addicted and mentally ill). Additionally, through a series of provisions, the budget strengthens accountability in the state’s Medicaid program by placing guardrails on future Medicaid Group VIII spending through the Controlling Board. The bill also returns Medicaid oversight to the General Assembly by directing the Department of Medicaid to seek a federal waiver to require a Group VIII Medicaid recipient to be one of the following: over 55, medically fragile, employed, in an education or workforce training program, or in a recovery program.
MODERNIZING THE CAUV (CURRENT AGRICULTURAL USE VALUE) FORMULA
Through various reforms to be phased in over a six-year period, the bill aims to offer property tax relief for farmers by reducing the taxable value of farmland.
Am. Sub. H.B. 49 will now head to the Governor for his consideration.


text: Visit cookingupastory.com for more stories and videos. This new event, now open year-round, the Molalla Country farm loop tour covers roughly a 35 mile area within Oregon's Clackamas County, with the town of Molalla somewhat situated within the geographic tour center. As we see in the video, the main purpose is education, to witness the important role that farming plays in modern society, and to connect folks to where their food and fiber are grown and raised. It's a good way for individual communities to draw visitors to their area, for the general public to sample fresh produce, taste area wines, gather gardening ideas, and for farmers and local businesses to market their products to more people. In addition to what was just mentioned, the diversity of the 28 farms in this farm loop are quite remarkable, and include: a variety of nurseries, an elk farm, a goat farm where they also make artisan (goat) cheese, a trading company, livestock farms, and much more.


The mother of Mikhail Khodorkovsky, Marina Khodorkovskaya, has died aged 79.
Russian media reports said she died on August 3 in a Berlin clinic where she was undergoing treatment for cancer.
Khodorkovsky, the former chairman of the now disbanded Yukos oil company and once Russia's richest man, was jailed in 2003 on tax evasion and embezzlement charges widely seen as politically motivated.
After spending 10 years behind bars, he was pardoned and released in December 2013.
Khodorkovsky flew to Berlin shortly after he was released.


By Kaya 959 Reporter
A man who preyed on young boys has been sentenced to five years imprisonment. Sizwe ‘Lali’ Mphini was found guilty of sexually assaulting four boys in 2017 and 2018.
The youngest of his victims was eight years old while the oldest was 14 during the period he committed the crimes.
NPA spokesperson Anelisa Ngcakani said Mphini saw youngsters playing soccer in a field in Gqeberha and asked if they had a coach.
Mphini volunteered to be their coach and promised to buy the boys soccer jerseys.
“However, the children testified in court that Mphini never bought them soccer jerseys. He instead fondled their private parts,” Ngcakani said.
She said during practice time he would call the boys one by one and would play with their private parts.
“Mphini would invite the boys to his house to eat food and watch cartoons. He would call them one by one to his bedroom and play with their private parts. He would instruct them not to disclose the sexual assault to anyone,” she said.
Other boys afraid to report abuse
The four boys said their genitals would swell up and become painful but they were too afraid to tell their parents.
She said the court also heard that Mphini abused more boys, not just the four who came forward. It is alleged that the other boys were afraid to report the crimes.
“Rumors about Mphini’s wrongdoings started to spread and the lid blew open when one parent went looking for her boy and found him at Mphini’s house with other young boys. She took her 10-year-old son home and when she questioned the child he disclosed the sexual assaults and stated that Mphini did the same to other boys,” she said.
A community meeting was held and when other boys came forward the community opened a case at Walmer Police Station.
Ngcakani said there is no minimum sentence provision for sexual assault therefore the court used its own discretion in sentencing.
“Mphini was found guilty for four counts of sexual assault and was sentenced to five years imprisonment for each count. The sentences were ordered to run concurrently meaning that he will serve five years direct imprisonment,” she said.


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Watercolour on Paper
36cm x 25.5cm (14" x 10")
Bessy’s Cove is on the south coast of Cornwall. It is part of Prussia Cove and is a few miles east of Marazion.
The picture was inspired by a photo from Coast magazine of a stormy sky over Prussia Cove.
My intention was to paint the gesture of the coastline without going into too much detail.
I drew some preliminary thumbnail sketches. The first sketch was an experiment to decide between a portrait or landscape composition. The second, third and fourth sketches were all about understanding the shape of the shoreline and cliffs. I drew the last sketch to decide where to place the main elements and as a rehearsal for the real drawing.
|Bessy's Cove - Thumbnail Sketches|
This picture has given me an urge to paint some sea cliffs – which is a good excuse for another trip to the South West. Fortunately, Elaine enjoys walking on the coastal path. We could even rent a boat.


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Looking for tips for healthy roses? You’ve come to the right place. The rose is an iconic plant. They are extremely popular, highly recognizable, and very satisfying to grow. Unfortunately, sometimes, roses get a bad rap for being difficult to grow, or for being high maintenance.
The truth is, growing roses is very similar to growing other flowering shrubs. And anybody with a passion for gardening and a green thumb can be successful at growing beautiful roses. Especially if they take the time to do a little research and learn about the basics of growing roses. Which, we assume, is why you are here!
Keep on reading to learn about 10 important tips for healthy roses you can utilize in your own garden in order to grow the most rapturous roses around.
10 Tips for Healthy Roses
1. Know the Roots of Roses
All plants require a healthy bed of roots. The quality of the root system underground is directly connected to the quality of the plant above ground. When you are getting ready to plant roses, it’s absolutely crucial to set the roots of your roses up for success.
When purchasing roses, you will need to decide between bare-root roses or roses in containers.
Buying bare-root roses is popular because of the sheer variety you can browse online. You can find practically any type of rose, buy it, and wait for it to show up at your house. The plant arrives dormant and all you need to do is soak the roots overnight before planting.
Roses in containers are what most of us are used to seeing. And what novice rose-gardeners should consider before trying bare-root roses. They are sold in transportable pots and can be found at practically any nursery, during any part of the year. After purchasing them, container roses are ready to transplant into your selected gardening location.
2. Choose Your Rose Variety Wisely
There are approximately 150 different species of roses, with each species having a seemingly endless list of unique hybrids. The type of rose you choose should match your budget, your aesthetic preferences, the gardening site, and the local climate.
Instead of getting overly excited and wanting to plant a mélange of roses in your garden, we recommend you stick with one or two varieties. We think by focusing on only one or two types, you will learn more about what those rose varieties need and be more successful.
If you consider yourself a complete beginner, listening to experts online or at your local nursery about what variety of rose will be most successful in your garden is the best strategy. However, oftentimes, some types of shrub or landscape rose varieties will be the lowest-maintenance and good for learning.
3. Location, Location, Location
Where you plant your roses is one of the most important items to consider if you are wanting to have some drop-dead gorgeous rose plants. You can do everything right, but if the location is wrong, all your efforts may become unrewarded.
Sunlight is key for location. Roses absolutely thrive with lots of natural sunlight. To be specific, you want to plant your roses in a location that gets at least 6-hours of sunlight per day. However, it should be noted that in climates that are extremely hot, too much sun and heat can damage your roses.
On the other hand, in colder climates, roses should be planted in the south- or west-facing locations in order to maximize sunlight exposure and protect against freezing and frost damage. Finding a balance between sunlight exposure and shade can be tricky, but not impossible.
4. Roses Like to Be On Time
Roses don’t like to be planted late. They also don’t like to be too early. Lost most other plants, the ideal time to plant roses is during the early Spring. Make sure to check the forecast to guarantee that the last frost for the season is well behind you.
If you are planting in the Fall, you will want to get your roses in the ground well before the first freeze of the winter. Roses go dormant and survive the winter, but in order to do so, their root system needs to be well established. Giving them time to make a home will allow them to overwinter outdoors. You can also plant them in containers in order to bring them indoors or into a greenhouse to survive winter.
5. Plant with Confidence
Once you’ve chosen the variety of rose you would like to grow, and where you want to grow it, it’s time for planting. We recommend you follow these tips in order to plant your roses with confidence.
Create a large planting hole or container to accommodate healthy root growth
The soil or potting mixture should be high in phosphorus & potassium to encourage flowering
Consider a soil mixture or potting mix that includes: coco peat, peat moss & organic manure
Add a slow-release fertilizer to your soil mixture or potting mix, like steamed bone meal
In mild climates, plant your roses with the crown of the plant at ground level. In cold climates, plant your rose deeper, about 2-3 inches below ground
Water thoroughly and finish filling in your potting hole or rose container
6. Feed Your Plant Fertilizers
The slow-release fertilizer you added to your potting or soil mixture during planting should be refurbished throughout the growing process. This will ensure that your rose bush flowers to their fullest potential.
Experts recommend monthly fertilizer additions. Organic fertilizers are the best, such as food compost, animal manure, and organic fish emulsion. Proper fertilization will ensure that your rose plant is getting the necessary nutrients throughout the entirety of its life span.
For bare-root roses, adding organic components early on to your soil or potting mixture is fine. But consider applying full-strength fertilizers after the first bloom in order to avoid burning the delicate roots before they’ve become strong.
7. Hydrating your Roses
Water is next on the list, after sunlight, with regard to roses' most sought-after ingredient for a healthy and happy life. The amount that you water will depend on your local climate, and how quickly your soil drains. Sandier soil will drain more quickly, compared to soil with higher levels of clay
The key is to maintain well-hydrated and damp soil throughout the entire growing season.
In a perfect world, roses would get about 1” of rainfall per week. However, that’s not always the case. So your watering habits should replicate those ideal conditions.
8. Know the Perks of Pruning
Pruning is very important for roses and anybody can get the hang of it. If you are worried about over-pruning, don’t be. It’s really hard, if not impossible to kill your rose plant by over-pruning.
The majority of the heavy pruning should occur in the springtime. You want to focus on removing dead or dying stalks (look for brown discoloration) and leaves. Throughout the growing season, you’ll want to continue light pruning to keep your plant well maintained. You will look for weak and thin growing stalks (thinner than a pencil). And you’ll want to cut out any interior growing canes in order to encourage the plant to grow up and outward like a case.
Remember, after pruning, make sure to remove all the pruned leaves and stalks from inside the plant and from the ground around the plant. By doing so, you protect against any disease on the pruned sections of the plant from remaining and further inflicting the freshly cut plant.
9. Understand the Longevity of Roses
Once your roses are in the ground and growing happily in their new home, it’s important that you continue to work with your plants to increase their longevity. Adding monthly fertilizers and pruning your roses are two ways to do just that.
Mulching your Roses
Another way to enhance the longevity of your beloved roses is to add mulch. Mulching your roses is important for longevity because mulch is able to maintain more moisture in the soil. Essentially, it protects it from drying up in the sun.
Mulch also protects your roses from dealing with weed and grass growth. Weeds that infiltrate your rose garden can steal moisture and valuable nutrients from your roses. Find our complete guide to mulching here.
You can choose either organic or non-organic mulch. Grass clippings and straw make for excellent organic mulch. A popular non-organic mulch option is using some sort of rock or gravel.
Disease and Pests
Unfortunately, however, you may run into additional obstacles with your roses related to plant diseases and pests. One problem you might encounter is powdery mildew. This disease normally presents itself during the summer months, when the climate becomes hot and dry. You can tell your plants are suffering from this disease if the leaves curl or twist inwards, and develop a white, powdery coating.
To prevent powdery mildew, water your plants in the morning and at ground level. Regularly pruning your plants for increased airflow will help also.
Another common disease that can infest your rose bushes is called black spot. This disease is a water-borne fungal disease that manifests as circular brown or black spots on the leaves of your roses. Eventually, the black spot will kill the leaves and cause defoliation.
You can protect against black spot in many of the same ways as you do for powdery mildew. Pruning in order to increase ventilation is important, and watering at ground level in order to not spread disease amongst the plant itself is another tried and true preventative tactic. To get rid of black spot, you might consider using a fungicide.
You might also notice the presence of pesky pests in your rose bushes. Roses are very popular amongst aphids, spider mites, Japanese beetles, and sawflies. If you think one of these pests is bothering your roses, you can control against infestation with insecticidal soap or neem oil. Other times it could be as simple as a heavy watering to remove more benign pests, like aphids.
10. Enjoy the Fruits of Your Labor
Once your roses flower and bloom, they will be ready to harvest. Homemade bouquets of roses make beautiful, decorative additions to any home. Not to mention, they are also an excellent gift idea. We recommend you follow these helpful tips to fully enjoy the fruits of your hard labor.
- Clip your roses just before their bloom fully opens. They will last the longest if you do. Use pruners or scissors with sharp blades. The cleaner the cut, the less damage you will cause to the plant.
- Cut your roses in the morning, when they are dewy or freshly hydrated
- Re-cut the stem at a 45-degree angle before placing them in a jar or vase,
- Remove any leaves at water level to prevent rot and subsequent bacterial growth
- Change the water of your roses daily in order to prevent further bacterial growth
Enjoying the fresh scent of roses in your home, or making a friend or loved one feel special with a gift of homegrown roses is priceless. And absolutely worth the hard work and patience you invested in the process.
Roses make for a beautiful addition to any garden. The variety of types, colors, and sweet scents is unmatched by other flowering plants. It’s no wonder why roses are so popular.
Gone is the day when roses remained a mysterious and “hard to grow” flower variety that only seasoned gardeners could take on. Roses are for the people. In our opinion, the more, the merrier!
If you follow these 10 helpful tips for healthy roses, then we are confident you will be successful. We hope this post helped you prepare and gave you the confidence you needed for planting some roses in your very own yard. Happy planting!


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A cricket video for Cricket World TV about the latest cricket news as we look back at South Africa's innings-and-18-run defeat of Pakistan at Centurion which was their sixth Test win in a row.
They needed just three days win in the third and final Test and the clean sweep followed two wins against New Zealand and one against Australia. It is now 15 matches since the Proteas were last beaten in a Test match.
Pakistan were completely outclassed and South Africa showed just how strong their reserves our by comprehensively winning the final Test by an innings and 18 runs despite the absence through injury of both Jacques Kallis and Morne Morkel.
Cricket World is the website to visit for the latest breaking sports news from all around the world of cricket including Tests, ODIs and Twenty20s and major tournaments such as the ICC World Twenty20 2012, World Cup 2011 and the Indian Premier League. Also offering free live scores, live streaming, betting, photos and cricket videos, cricket tv and scorecards.
Cricket World has covered all the main events in world cricket including World Cup finals, milestones achieved by the likes of Muttiah Muralitharan, Brian Lara and Sachin Tendulkar, the spot fixing trial, the Ashes as well as producing videos about cricket at all levels.
© Cricket World 2013
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Although Estrela Mountain Dogs can be aggressive and fierce when it comes to strangers encroaching on your property or attempting to break into your home, they are also sensitive animals that quickly become attached to family members, especially children.
As herding dogs for shepherds in the Serra da Estrela Mountains in Portugal, these dogs spend their summers outside. However, during the winter they stayed inside with the family as a guard dog. During this time, they became accustomed to family life and being around kids. In fact, these dogs have an affinity with children that may surprise you.
Estrelas are especially gentle and loving with children and even babies. Throughout their long history, this breed became known for tending to and even cleaning newborn lambs and kids, while their mothers recovered from childbirth. When it comes to Estrelas and children, it is best to let them grow up together, so they grow closer over time.
Estrelas don't mind a little roughhousing during playtime and are patient, so they will put up with much more from children than you can imagine. If you have an Estrela with short hair, there is little danger of kids pulling on it. However, you need to teach them not to pull his tail or ears, or aggravate the dog in any way.
They are also very protective of these younger family members. If they sense any danger, they will bark loudly and if necessary, take the matter into their own hands by physically warding off any potential threat. This type of dog has a built-in aggressive and lively nature, so you will have to train him not to bite, jump, sit on the kids, bite their ankles, or otherwise endanger your children.
Since this is an intelligent breed, it should not be too difficult to train him to eliminate bad and potentially dangerous behavior. Use a firm hand with a good dose of love to let your dog know what is acceptable behavior and what is not. Once he is properly trained, your children will find him a joy to be around.
When an Estrela becomes attached, the dog likes to stay close to those he cares about. You will likely find him curled up at your childrens' feet or in a comfy spot near them on the couch or bed. You might want to train him not to jump up on furniture as he sheds like most dogs. In this case, children should also be made aware of this rule.
You might also want to get your children involved with grooming the dog. The more time they spend in close contact with an Estrela, the more the dog will return this attention with never-ending affection and loyalty.

domain: pet


Identify – Protect – Detect – Respond – Recover
Moving from a reactive to a proactive cyber resilience stance to enable and ensure systems protection, accessibility, reliability and resilience requires addressing cybersecurity from a risk-based approach; assessing maritime-specific cyber risks and interdependencies; expanding beyond the physical aspects of security and safety by integrating cyber to reflect an all-hazards approach; increasing threat, vulnerability and countermeasure solutions information exchange; and adoption and adaption of best practice supported by sustained role-based education.
Maritime and Port Security Cyber Resilience protection efforts require:
- A Public/Private Collaborative Partnership – Cooperation, coordination and a sustainable collaborative infrastructure connecting public/private sector and cross-sector stakeholders…breaking down existing silos and boundaries within and across critical infrastructure sectors.
- Defending Cyberspace – Managing risk, integrating cybersecurity throughout the enterprise including systems planning & acquisition, optimizing intelligence-driven cyber defense, and increasing operational resilience
- Enabling Operations – Recognizing cyberspace as an operational domain, operationalizing resilience by integrating cyber resilience into mission planning and execution, increasing awareness capabilities and intelligence to support cyber operations, and leveraging cyber support to protect operations.
- Protecting Infrastructure – Promoting cyber risk awareness and management, improving risk assessment tools, methodologies and real-time information sharing, reducing vulnerabilities, and incorporating cyber resilience and cyber security role-based training.
- MPS-ISAO Threat Intelligence Reports and Advisories (TLP-Green) are available to “vetted” Maritime & Port critical infrastructure stakeholders.
- The Traffic Light Protocol (TLP) was created by the US Department of Homeland Security (DHS) in order to facilitate greater sharing of information. TLP is a set of designations used to ensure that sensitive information is shared with the appropriate audience. It employs four colors (TLP-Red, TLP-Amber, TLP-Green, and TLP-White) to indicate expected sharing boundaries to be applied by the recipient(s).
- TLP-Green: Sources may use TLP-GREEN when information is useful for the awareness of all participating organizations as well as with peers within the broader community or sector. Recipients may share TLP:GREEN information with peers and partner organizations within their sector or community, but not via publicly accessible channels. Information in this category can be circulated widely within a particular community. TLP:GREEN information may not be released outside of the community.
- If you are interested in receiving MPS-ISAO TLP-Green Reports and Advisories, please contact MPS-ISAO operations, firstname.lastname@example.org.
- Automated “Actionable” Threat Intelligence Multi-Directional Information Sharing – Threat Indicators, Incidents, Observables, Threat Actors, TTPs, Exploit Targets, Campaigns, and Countermeasure Solutions (STIX/TAXII Compliant). Additional Daily Alerts + Advisories
- Automated Threat Sighting Detection – Managed platform and network appliance to automate detection of community-shared threats and to support participation in the secure and trusted information sharing community.
- Unified real-time communications management (secure response planning, exercising, and incident response) via landline, cell, text, email, secure voice, secure video, mobile app two-way radio communications.
- Advancing Cyber Risk Management – Identifying top risks, tactics/techniques/procedures (TTPs), effective controls, sector differentiation, forecasting, trending and modeling.
- Cyber Risk Assessments (Certification/Accreditation), Cyber Resilience Independent Testing, Modeling & Simulation, Cybersecurity Education, Customizable Virtual Range to Exercise Skills, and resources to support customization to meet specific Maritime organizational requirements.
Cyber resilience is dependent upon opportunities to participate and leverage investments in operationalizing standards and best practices, benefit from collaborative partnerships to transfer knowledge, resource capacity and capability supported by sustainable training.
- Engaging stakeholders to participate with a defining voice to operationalize cyber resilience best practices and standards (US Coast Guard, NIST, Port & Maritime Organizations and Association).
- Strengthening resilience by strategically focusing on people, process and technology
- Aligning with the Business Mission providing a common lexicon, and enabling organizations to easily adopt and adapt guidance into existing policies, processes and procedures
- Leveraging the U.S. Coast Guard Cyber Strategy (June 2015), the NIST Framework for Improving Critical Infrastructure Cybersecurity, the Department of Defense Service Management Framework, IT Service Management (ITSM), additional best practices, lessons learned, and Maritime security and compliance requirements
- Supporting adoption and adaption with tools, templates, resources, technologies, and role-based cyber resilience workforce education (foundational and practitioner)


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My kids and my husband devoured this dish. Even my daughter who doesn’t like shrimp, avoided the actual shrimp, but gobbled the rest up.
1 c. brown rice, prepared according to directions
2 tbsp. olive oil
1 medium sweet onion, minced
3 cloves garlic, diced
10 mini sweet bell peppers, or one yellow or red bell pepper, sliced
2 stalks celery, diced
2 cans diced tomatoes
1 package frozen green peas
1 tsp. coriander
1 tsp. black pepper
½ tsp. cayenne pepper
1 lb. raw large shrimp, peeled and deveined
salt to taste
In a large sauté pan, over medium heat, cook the onion, garlic, celery and peppers for five minutes, stirring often. Add the green peas and tomatoes, and then add the pepper, cayenne, and coriander. Continue cooking for about ten more minutes, stirring often, until the peas are thawed and heated. Add the shrimp and continue cooking, stirring constantly, until the shrimp turn pink. Add the prepared rice and cook until the rice is well heated, then salt to taste. Top with sour cream or feta cheese. Enjoy!


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Hawera is the second-largest town in the Taranaki region of New Zealand's North Island, with a population of 11,800. It is near the coast of the South Taranaki Bight.
Hawera is Māori for "burnt place", from fighting between two local sub-tribes, which culminated in the setting ablaze of the sleeping whare (house) of the tribe under attack. The name became apt when the town suffered extensive blazes in 1884, 1888, and 1912. For this reason a large water tower was built in the centre of town to increase water pressure; and this became one of Taranaki's best-known landmarks (appearing, for example, on the cover of the 1974 telephone directory). After falling into disrepair the tower was closed to the public in 2001, but after an extensive restoration program it opened again in 2004.

domain: travel


AS/RS is a key industrial automation system that has drastically reduced the workforce needed to run a warehouse. Via a computer-controlled system, many intensive labour jobs are taken over by the system, including tediously moving and sorting heavy load from the minute of receving until shipping to customers, intensive paperwork to record goods receiving and order receipts. Somehow, in real business, the system is always complex in the perspective of engineering considerations, depending on the nature of the business, tending to upgrading and modifying from time to time. This project is intended to develop a training model of AS/RS for the engineering students. The learning curves are provided through three levels in the system integration. The device level illustrates basic input and output devices that are carefully chosen. The controller level processes all input information from the input devices and host computer. The supervisory level implements graphic user interface for system monitoring and control for the operator. The training model also emphasizes in three design concepts, flexibility, expandability and modularity
To submit an update or takedown request for this paper, please submit an Update/Correction/Removal Request.


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The agreement between the Federal Government and the labour unions on Monday night over the N35,000 wage award for federal workers in response to the petrol subsidy removal has caused a division among the states.
Some states have expressed their willingness to follow the Federal Government’s decision and pay their workers N35,000 until a new minimum wage is negotiated next year.
However, other states have claimed that they have already been paying their workers N10,000 extra since July and are not obliged to increase it to N35,000.
The Kwara State government, for instance, said it had initiated the N10,000 award for its civil servants before the Federal Government and would maintain it. The Governor’s Chief Press Secretary, Rafiu Ajakaye, did not comment on whether the state would adjust its award to match the Federal Government’s.
He said: “This is to support them until a new minimum wage comes on stream. Some other pro-worker measures, including reduction of work days from five to three, have also been implemented in different sectors to strengthen the purchasing power of workers, with positive impacts on the larger economy.
“The government will continue with these measures and more, such as the N10,000 cash award to students of Kwara State origin, to bring more ease to the people.
“The Kwara State government commends the step of the federal government. It is, of course, expected that other states that do not already have such arrangements will follow suit with sustainable amounts that align with their own financial realities.”
In Kebbi State, the government is set to convene a cabinet meeting to decide on the wage award for workers in Kebbi. This was made known by Malam Yahya Sarki, the Special Adviser to Governor Nasir Idris of Kebbi State, on Media and Publicity.
He said the governor, who was a former unionist, would consider the welfare of the workers and approve a reasonable amount. He did not specify if the state government will match the N35,000 agreed by the Federal Government and Labour.
Meanwhile, in Enugu State, the government has expressed its readiness to replicate the Federal Government’s wage award of N35,000 for its workers. The State Commissioner for Labour and Employment, Chika Ugwuoke, told reporters that the state government will also implement the subsidy removal palliative measures designed by the Federal Government to cushion the effect of the wage award on the workers.
He said that the state government had already commenced the smooth distribution of the palliatives provided by the Federal Government.
“Enugu State was very prompt in the distribution of palliatives to our people and this wage award won’t be any different,” Ugwuoke said.
Also, the state governments of Niger, Adamawa and Cross Rivers have reacted to the announcement of President Ahmed Bola Tinubu that the minimum wage for workers in Nigeria will be increased to N35,000.
The Commissioner of Information and Strategy in Niger State, Hajiya Binta Mamman, said that the state government will not rush to decide how much to add to its workers salary until it has assessed the financial implications for the state. She said that the state executive council, led by Governor Muhammed Umaru Bago, will discuss the matter and come up with a reasonable figure.
The Chief Press Secretary to Governor Ahmadu Fintiri of Adamawa State, Deacon Humashi Wounosikoh, said that the state government has already taken steps to alleviate the hardship caused by the removal of fuel subsidy by paying N10,000 as transport allowance to all workers in the state. He said that the state government will consider the N35,000 minimum wage approved by the federal government, but noted that no official directive has been received from Abuja.
The Governor of Cross Rivers State, Basey Otu, said that the state is already paying N10,000 wage award to its workers, but did not disclose whether it will adopt the N35,000 minimum wage announced by the federal government.

domain: politics


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In this quick tutorial you'll learn how to draw a Cute Butterfly in 3 easy steps - great for kids and novice artists.
The images above represent how your finished drawing is going to look and the steps involved.
Below are the individual steps - you can click on each one for a High Resolution printable PDF version.
At the bottom you can read some interesting facts about the Cute Butterfly.
Make sure you also check out any of the hundreds of drawing tutorials grouped by category.
How to Draw a Cute Butterfly - Step-by-Step Tutorial
Step 1: Draw the body which is a long, diagonal, pickle like shape with both ends rounded.
Step 2: Draw four oval-shaped wings on either side of the body. The front ones smaller than the back ones.
Step 3: Now draw two circles for eyes on the top end of the body and draw two smaller circles inside for detail. Now draw two curved lines above the eyes for the antennas and draw a hollow small circle at the end of each antenna. Now add lines across the body for detail.


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Michael Fassbender and Kodi Smit-McPhee get acquainted in ‘Slow West’ (A24)
A teenaged boy embarks on an epic journey to track down the woman he loves … and bad guys intervene.
Slow West is playing now in limited release. My review is at Film Journal International:
Indie westerns have blazed and snuck across screens for the past few years in a variety of flavors, from the lo-fi musings of Meek’s Cutoff to the bloody-minded vengeance of The Salvation. But none has been quite as surreptitiously odd and original as John Maclean’s Slow West. There are times when it plays as such a straightforward oater you wouldn’t be surprised to see a craggy Robert Duvall come riding up, Winchester rifle perched casually but authoritatively on his hip. At other moments the story slants sideways to resemble a loonier frontier-mad dream piece like Lisandro Alonso’s Jauja. It never quite stays in reach…
Here’s the trailer:
Tommy Lee Jones in ‘The Homesman’ (Roadside Attractions)
In the quasi-Western The Homesman, Tommy Lee Jones plays a claims-jumper in 1850s Nebraska who gets roped into helping a tough-minded spinster (Hilary Swank) cart three insane women to safety in Iowa. Jones, who looks less and less comfortable in modern garb these days, also directed and co-wrote the screenplay.
The Homesman opens this week. My review is at Film Journal International:
“I live uncommonly alone,” says Mary Bee Cuddy (Hilary Swank) in Tommy Lee Jones’ adaptation of Glendon Swarthout’s novel about a raw frontier where solitude and madness are constant companions. The Homesman tries to cut a mordant, witty Coen Brothers line between tragedy and comedy and can’t quite manage either. More particularly, it never knows quite what to make of Cuddy, who is at once valorized as a heroically staunch figure and at the same time mocked for her stiff manner and panicky ways…
Here’s the trailer:
Schultz (Christoph Waltz) and Django (Jamie Foxx) get ready to dispense justice and bon mots aplenty
Quentin Tarantino’s Christmas 2012 genre mashup bloodbath Django Unchained gets released on DVD and Blu-ray today. It’s no classic by any measure (that writing Oscar wasn’t exactly earned), but at least half of it is better than just about anything else out there right now.
My original review ran at Film Journal International:
Tarantino works fast in these early sections, delivering several loose riffs on typical western showdowns and balancing them out with a couple of comic scenes that land in a pleasing middle somewhere between Blazing Saddles and (particularly in a “Who’s on first?”-type routine with a masked lynch mob hunting Django and Schultz) O Brother, Where Art Thou? A high point of bafflingly hilarious absurdity comes when Don Johnson appears as a plantation owner given to Colonel Sanders suits and prolix verbosity. The humor plays well throughout (Django even gets a catch-phrase: “The ‘D’ is silent”) but at the disadvantage of dulling the edge of the script’s visceral portrayal of the savagery of slavery—a problem that gets more pronounced by the film’s gory climax…
Here’s the trailer:
In the history of legendary cinematic disasters, there are flops and then there is Heaven’s Gate:
In his interview on the Criterion Collection release of the 1980 Michael Cimino film Heaven’s Gate, a craggy-looking Kris Kristofferson makes a strong appeal for the roundly maligned Western as being a potent work of political cinema. Kristofferson sticks up for Cimino’s indictment of Manifest Destiny and robber baron greed at the end of the 19th century. Of course, he did star in the thing. But still, this is the iconoclast’s take, and an unpopular coming after more than two decades of popular film history telling us that not only was Heaven’s Gate one of the greatest disasters in film history (it took in less than ten percent of the $40 million budget at the box office) but that it single-handedly ended the free-wheeling era of American filmmaking…
The Criterion Collection now offers Heaven’s Gate on DVD and Blu-ray, with plenty of the usual extras. My full review of the DVD edition is at PopMatters.
You can see the trailer for the original film release here:


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Maya Singhal is an anthropologist studying crime and mutual aid in African and Chinese diasporic populations. Their work also deals more broadly with race, capitalism, racial capitalism, and intergenerational conflicts. Their current book project is an ethnographic and historical study of African American and Chinese American self-defence and community defence in New York City and the history of extralegal neighbourhood protection (such as gangs, neighbourhood patrols, and associations) that informs these present-day safety efforts. Singhal received a PhD in Anthropology from Harvard University, MAs from the University of Chicago and New York University, and a BA from New York University.
I was leaving New York City’s Chinatown one day after fieldwork when a friend pointed to a subway entrance off Canal Street. ‘You’re writing about Black and Chinese stuff, right? This is a perfect example,’ they said as we descended into the station. ‘These Black men hold the emergency exit open for the Chinese aunties, […]


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About this Research Topic
Research in the cognitive sciences, not least social neuroscience, has in the last 10-20 years made substantial progress in elucidating the mechanisms underlying the recognition of actions and intentions in natural human-human social interactions and in developing computational models of these mechanisms. However, there is much less research on the mechanisms underlying the human interpretation of the behaviour of artefacts, such as robots or automated vehicles, and the attribution of intentions to such systems.
Given the state of the art in psychology and neuroscience, there are also at least two very different intuitions that one might have:
On the one hand it has been well known for decades from psychological experiments that people tend to interpret even simple moving shapes in terms of more or less human-like actions and intentions. So the first intuition could be that this should also apply to robots and other autonomous systems.
On the other hand, much (social) neuroscience research in the last 10-20 years, not least the discovery of the so-called mirror (neuron) system, also points to the importance of embodiment and morphological differences, which might lead to the intuition that humans might be able to more or less easily understand the behaviour of very human-like robots, but not necessarily the behaviour of, for example, autonomous lawnmowers or automated vehicles.
To what degree, and how precisely, each of these mechanisms might be involved when interacting with artificial agents remains unknown. It may, for instance, depend at least in part on the human perception of the agent: previous research has shown that humans adapt their behaviour according to their beliefs of the cognitive abilities of another (even artificial) agent and we have previously suggested that such agents need to be understood in terms of how socially interactive they are, and how tool-like their purpose is.
Conversely, the same insights and intuitions are also relevant for robot recognition of human intentions, which is a arguably a prerequisite for pro-social behaviour, and necessary to engage in, for instance, instrumental helping or mutual collaboration. To develop robots that can interact naturally and effectively with people therefore requires the creation of systems that can perceive and comprehend intentions in other agents.
For research on human interaction with artificial agents such as robots in general, and mutual action/intention recognition in particular, it is therefore important to be clear about the theoretical framework(s) and inherent assumptions underlying technological implementations. This has further ramifications for the evaluation of the quality of the interaction (as opposed to the functioning of the robot itself) between humans and robots.
The purpose of this interdisciplinary research topic is therefore to bring together researchers that work on the diverse aspects of human interaction with artificial agent, thus providing a forum to unite the different strands. In particular, this research topic builds on two workshops on the same theme, one held at HRI 2016 (http://intentions.xyz/hri-2016-workshop/) and the other held at RO-MAN 2016 (http://intentions.xyz/roman-2016-workshop/).
Keywords: Intention recognition, Intention communication, Human-robot interaction, Social robotics, Theory of mind, Mirror mechanisms, Social neuroscience, Social cognition, Embodied cognition, Embodied social interaction
Important Note: All contributions to this Research Topic must be within the scope of the section and journal to which they are submitted, as defined in their mission statements. Frontiers reserves the right to guide an out-of-scope manuscript to a more suitable section or journal at any stage of peer review.

domain: psychology