|Publication number||US4829259 A|
|Application number||US 07/127,745|
|Publication date||May 9, 1989|
|Filing date||Dec 2, 1987|
|Priority date||Dec 2, 1987|
|Publication number||07127745, 127745, US 4829259 A, US 4829259A, US-A-4829259, US4829259 A, US4829259A|
|Inventors||John G. Konopka|
|Original Assignee||Zenith Electronics Corporation|
|Export Citation||BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan|
|Patent Citations (7), Referenced by (22), Classifications (8), Legal Events (5)|
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet|
This invention relates generally to constant current sources and speed up circuits for transistor switches and particularly to a novel battery charger utilizing a constant current source and speed up circuit.
Constant current sources are well-known in the art for delivering a fixed RMS value of current under varying conditions of load. Battery chargers are also well-known in the art for supplying current for charging batteries. The invention in one major aspect is directed to a novel constant current source arrangement that is particularly useful in a battery charger.
High speed transistor switching circuits, particularly those used with single-ended power supplies, are limited by the time required to remove base current to the transistor. In double-ended power supplies, i.e., those providing positive and negative operating potentials, the problem of rapidly removing base current is simplified as compared with single-ended supplies where one side of the supply is held at ground potential.
The speed up circuit aspect of the present invention is useful with a single-ended power supply to rapidly remove the base drive to a switch transistor and thereby result in a dramatic enhancement of its switching characteristics. The decrease in switching time enables a significant reduction in heat dissipation in the transistor and permits utilization of a much smaller heat sink. An added advantage of the inventive speed up circuit is that conventional transistor switching circuits may be operated at much higher frequencies.
In many applications, such as in portable television receivers and computers where the batteries comprise a very large part of the overall device cost, it is desirable to use rechargeable battery packs. Rechargeable battery packs generally have nickel cadmium batteries, the useful lives of which are highly dependent upon the manner in which they are recharged. It is common for a manufacturer to guarantee a battery pack for a minimum number of cycles of operation, i.e., discharges and recharges, provided that the batteries are recharged under controlled conditions. Nickel cadmium batteries are best charged either with a low continuous current or with a larger constant current until a certain battery temperature is attained. To do otherwise can have an adverse effect on their useful lives. Consequently, the equipment used to recharge the battery pack needs to be carefully designed. As battery recharging circuits are often built into the powered device, space and weight are at a premium and a high efficiency recharging circuit is desirable.
The present invention is directed to a switching type recharging circuit for supplying a constant RMS current to a battery pack. For the battery pack used, the manufacturer specifies a charging rate of 1.2 amps until a case temperature of 55° C. is attained or a continuous charge of 200 milliamps. The circuit constructed in accordance with one aspect of the invention accomplishes this with very high efficiency, on the order of 84%. When used with the speed up circuit aspect of the invention, an efficiency in excess of 90% is attained. Further, the current supplied to the battery changes less than 1% throughout its charging voltage range.
As will be apparent, the constant current source utilized in the battery charger of the invention will readily find other uses, such as for driving the deflection system in a television receiver or monitor. The constant current source of the invention combines a so-called buck regulator and a voltage sensitive switch with an adjustable hysteresis or delay, to form an oscillator having a duty cycle, the ON time of which is determined by the connected load. Similarly, the speed up circuit will find applicability in many circuit arrangements having a single-ended power supply. In particular, it will find ready application to high voltage systems in television receivers.
A principal object of the invention is to provide a novel battery charger.
Another object of the invention is to provide a novel constant current source.
Still another object of the invention is to provide a novel speed up circuit for a transistor switch.
A further object of the invention is to provide a highly efficient battery charger for delivering constant current to a battery.
These and other objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent upon reading the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which like reference numbers indicate like elements:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a battery charger and constant current source constructed in accordance with one aspect of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a series of waveforms depicting the duty cycle and current flow characteristics of the circuit of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 represents a combined block diagram of a transistor swtich incorporating a speed up circuit constructed in accordance with another aspect of the invention; and
FIG. 4 is a battery charger of FIG. 1 utilizing the high speed switch of FIG. 3.
Referring to FIG. 1, a source of DC voltage 10 is coupled to the emitter of a PNP power switch transistor 12, the collector of which is connected to the junction of the cathode of a diode 14 and one terminal of an inductor 16. The other terminal of the inductor 16 is coupled to the positive terminal of a battery pack 18, the negative terminal of which is returned to ground through series connected current detector resistors 20 and 21. Diode 15 has its anode connected to ground. DC voltage source 10 is also connected to the base of power switch transistor 12 through a resistor 22 and to a voltage divider consisting of three series-connected resistors 32, 34 and 36. The base of power switch transistor 12 is coupled through a resistor 24 to the collector of an NPN transistor 26, the emitter of which is connected to ground, through a novable tap 30 on a potentiometer 28, and the base of which is connected to the junction of resistors 34 and 36. The emitter of NPN transistor 26 is also connected to the emitter of another transistor 38 having its collector connected to the junction of resistors 32 and 34 and its base connected through a resistor 40 to the junction of battery 18 and resistors 20 and 20a. Under normal conditions, resistor 21 is shorted out by a connection to ground through a contact 29. Transistors 26 and 38 are connected to form a Schmitt trigger for providing hysteresis or delay in the ON and OFF cycling of power switch 12. The letters A, B and C will be discussed in connection with FIG. 4.
A temperature sensor 25 is arranged with respect to battery pack 18 to measure the case temperature. This may be accomplished in any number of well-known ways. Sensor 25 is coupled to a temperature relay 27 which operates a contact 29 when the temperature measured by sensor 25 indicates that the limit temperature for the battery pack 18 has been reached. Contact 29 is opened by relay 27 to remove the short circuit around resistor 20a.
In operation, the circuit forms as oscillator, the ON time of which is controlled by the connected load, i.e., the state of charge of the battery pack 18. The battery charge is reflected in its terminal voltage and, in the preferred embodiment, may range from 0-34 volts. A requirement of the circuit is that the potential applied by DC voltage source be approximately 4 volts higher than the highest terminal voltage attainable by battery 18. When the circuit is activated, for example, by a switch (not shown), transistor 26 and power switch transistor 12 are driven conductive. This is due to the forward bias established by resistors 32, 34 and 36 which drives transistor 26 conductive, thereby turning on power switch transistor 12. The collector-emitter current of transistor 26 flows through potentiometer 28 which develops a positive potential at the emitter of transistor 38. Conduction of power switch transistor 12 produces an increasing current ramp through inductor 16, battery pack 18 and current detector resistor 20 (resistor 20a is shorted). The current ramp increases at a steady rate until the voltage developed across current detector resistor 20 exceeds the voltage across potentiometer 28 by 0.7 of a volt (the base-emitter conduction potential for transistor 38). Transistor 38 conducts and immediately shorts out the base current drive to transistor 26 by effectively connecting the junction of resistors 32 and 34 to the emitter of transistor 26. Transistor 26 ceases conduction and power switch transistor 12 is driven non-conductive. At this time, the energy stored in the field of inductor 16 is released as the field collapses and a decreasing ramp of current flows through battery pack 18, resistor 20 and diode 14.
Resistor 32 is much larger than resistor 24 and consequently, the current flow through potentiometer 28 is greatly reduced. This path is from DC voltage source 10 through resistor 32 through the collector-emitter junction of transistor 38 through potentiometer 28 to ground. The prior path, it will be recalled, was through resistor 22 and 24 and the collector-emitter path of transistor 26. Consequently, the potential across potentiometer 28 drops significantly (on the order of 500%) which permits transistor 38 to remain conductive despite the decreasing voltage across resistor 20. Therefore, power switch transistor 12 is held in cutoff while the energy in the collapsing field of inductor 16 continues to cause current flow in battery 18 and resistor 20. When the voltage across resistor 20 drops from its peak value by 500%, transistor 38 ceases conduction and permits transistor 26 (and power switch 12) to conduct again. Resistor 40 is for current limiting purposes only. When the potential across resistor 20 is sufficiently low, transistor 38 no longer can conduct and the cycle repeats with transistor 26 being driven conductive and again turning on power switch transistor 12. The oscillatory cycle continues with the duty cycle (and frequency of operation) of transistor 12 being changed as the potential across battery pack 18 increases during charging.
Reference to FIG. 2 indicates this relationship. The curves are arranged to show voltage across the power switch and battery current for battery terminal voltages of 32V, 18V, 5V and 1V. The upper ones of the curves A0-A3 show the voltage across the emitter-collector of power switch transistor 12 and the lower ones of the curves B0-B3 depicts the current flow into battery pack 18. Beginning with the lowest curve set A3 and B3, representing a battery having a voltage across its terminal of one volt, it will be seen that the ON time of the power switch transistor is very short whereas its OFF time is quite long. As the battery terminal voltage is raised, the OFF time of switch transistor 12 gets shorter and the ON time gets longer. Also the frequency of oscillation changes. It can readily be seen that the circuit is self-regulating and delivers a constant RMS current to the load under a wide range of varying load conditions.
Should the temperature of battery pack 18 achieve the limit temperature specified by the manufacturer (in this instance 55° C.), contact 29 will remove the short circuit around resistor 20a and add sufficient resistance to keep transistor 38 conductive for a much longer period. The added resistance is selected to maintain a 200 milliamp constant charge current.
Referring to FIG. 3, a single-ended DC potential source 10 is coupled to the emitter of PNP switch transistor 12 that has its collector connected to a load circuit 13 instead of to diode 14 and inductor 16 as in FIG. 1. Load circuit 13 is coupled to a control voltage source 15 that supplies the base of an NPN trigger transistor 26. Transistor 26 controls the turn on and turn off of switch transistor 12. The collector of trigger transistor 26 is connected to the base of switch transistor 12 through a resistor 24. The emitter-base junction of switch transistor 12 is connected across the collector-emitter junction of an NPN shorting transistor 17. The base of shorting transistor 17 is connected to the junction of the cathode of a diode 19 and a resistor 21. The other end of resistor 21 is connected, through a small capacitor 23, to the collector of trigger transistor 26 and the anode of diode 19 is connected to the emitter of shorting transistor 17.
The elements comprising shorting transistor 17, diode 19, resistor 21 and capacitor 23 take the place of the normal emitter-base resistor 22 of switch transistor 12 (as seen in FIG. 1). Assuming trigger transistor 26 is conductive, switch transistor 12 is conductive and a voltage drop exists across resistor 24. The collector of trigger transistor 26 is at substantially ground potential and capacitor 23 is charged in the polarity indicated. Shorting transistor 17 is non-conductive.
In response to an appropriate negative going potential signal from control voltage source 15, trigger transistor 26 is driven non-conductive. As its collector potential begins to rise, e.g., trigger transistor 26 begins to turn off, capacitor 23 discharges through resistor 21, the base-emitter junction of shorting transistor 17 and resistor 24. This occurs very rapidly and a large peak current of short duration, sufficient to drive shorting transistor 17 into saturation, is developed. Shorting transistor 17 responds by immediately shorting out the base-emitter junction of switch transistor 12 and quickly drawing away its base charge. The rapid depletion is base charge results in a very fast cutoff transition time. When the control voltage from control voltage source 15 because positive going trigger transistor 26 is again driven conductive. An initial conductive circuit in parallel with resistor 24 is established through diode 19, resistor 21, capacitor 23 and the saturated collector-emitter junction of transistor 26 to ground. Current flow in this circuit is from the base of switch transistor 12 and is typically ten times greater than the current which flows through resistor 24. This higher than normal current is what accounts for the increased turn-on speed of switching transistor 12. As capacitor 23 charges, the current through the base of switch transistor 12 drops in value. When capacitor 23 is completely charged, the only current flowing through the base of switch transistor 12 is that which flows through resistor 24.
The increase in turn on/turn off speed of switch transistor 12 in a battery charger circuit constructed in accordance with FIG. 1 had a dramatic effect on circuit efficiency. The switching time decreased from 500 nanoseconds, with the base-emitter resistor embodiment shown in that application, to 20 nanoseconds--a 25-fold decrease in switching time. Similar increases in switching speed have been observed when the inventive speed up circuit was employed in a television high voltage switch application. The increased switching speed of the battery charger produced about a 10% increase in efficiency and reduced the need for heat sinking.
Referring to FIG. 4, a battery charger circuit arrangement substantially as shown in FIG. 1 incorporates the high speed switching circuit of the present invention. As indicated by the letters A, B and C on FIG. 1 and FIG. 4, the high speed switching circuit arrangement of FIG. 4 may be substituted for the emitter-base resistor 22 of switch transistor 12 in FIG. 1. The operation of the battery charger portion of FIG. 4 will be briefly described.
As mentioned, the circuit forms an oscillator, the ON time of which is controlled by the connected load, i.e., the state of charge of the battery 18. When the circuit is turned on, transistor 26 and power switch transistor 12 are driven conductive. Potentiometer 28 develops a positive potential at the emitter of transistor 38. The increasing current ramp through inductor 16, battery 18 and current detector resistor 20 causes the voltage developed across current detector resistor 20 to exceed the voltage across potentiometer 28 by 0.7 of a volt and transistor 38 conducts and immediately shorts out the base current drive to transistor 26, which ceases conduction to drive power switch transistor 12 non-conductive.
Resistor 32 is much larger than resistor 24 and consequently, the current flow through potentiometer 28 is greatly reduced. This path is from DC voltage source 10 through resistor 32 through the collector-emitter junction of transistor 38 through potentiometer 28 to ground. The prior path, it will be recalled, was through resistor 22 and 24 and the collector-emitter path of transistor 26. Consequently, the potential across potentiometer 28 drops significantly (on the order of 500%) which permits transistor 38 to remain conductive despite the decreasing voltage across resistor 20. Therefore, power switch transistor 12 is held in cutoff while the energy in the collapsing field of inductor 16 continues to cause current flow in battery 18 and resistor 20. When the voltage across resistor 20 drops 500% from its peak value, transistor 38 ceases conduction and permits transistor 26 (and power switch 12) to conduct again. Resistor 40 is for current limiting pruposes only. When the potential across resistor 20 is sufficiently low, transistor 38 no longer can conduct and the cycle repeats with transistor 26 being driven conductive and again turning on power switch transistor 12. The oscillatory cycle continues with the duty cycle (and frequency of operation) of transistor 12 being changed as the potential across battery 18 increases during charging.
The speed up circuit of the present invention operates as described above in connection with FIG. 3 to accelerate the switching transitions of switch transistor 12 to thereby obtain further improvements in switching speed and efficiency.
What has been described is a novel battery charging circuit which includes a novel constant current source and a novel speed up circuit. It is recognized that numerous changes in the described embodiment of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from its true spirit and scope. The invention is to be limited only as defined in the claims.
|Cited Patent||Filing date||Publication date||Applicant||Title|
|US3602794 *||Jun 25, 1970||Aug 31, 1971||Lawrence A Westhaver||Solid state charging circuitry using a loading coil|
|US3835368 *||May 21, 1973||Sep 10, 1974||Gen Electric||Voltage regulator for a direct current power supply|
|US4472672 *||Dec 13, 1982||Sep 18, 1984||Motorola Inc.||High power factor switching-type battery charger|
|US4577144 *||Oct 11, 1984||Mar 18, 1986||General Electric Company||Battery charging system including means for distinguishing between rechargeable and non-rechargeable batteries|
|US4710695 *||Oct 1, 1986||Dec 1, 1987||Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd.||Power supply circuit|
|US4739199 *||Jun 18, 1986||Apr 19, 1988||Fuji Electric Company Ltd.||High switching speed semiconductor device|
|US4754389 *||Jun 23, 1987||Jun 28, 1988||Eastman Kodak Company||Voltage regulating circuitry for a DC to DC converter|
|Citing Patent||Filing date||Publication date||Applicant||Title|
|US5089768 *||Mar 2, 1990||Feb 18, 1992||Canon Kabushiki Kaisha||Power source device with control of voltage change speed|
|US5111133 *||Sep 27, 1990||May 5, 1992||Analogic Corporation||Converter circuit for current mode control|
|US5141228 *||Apr 19, 1991||Aug 25, 1992||Soong Tsai C||Shock absorbing string post for sports rackets|
|US5245268 *||Apr 15, 1992||Sep 14, 1993||Jason Wang||Battery charger with current stabilizer|
|US5463305 *||Feb 18, 1992||Oct 31, 1995||Norand Corporation||Fast battery charging system and method|
|US5523671 *||Jul 23, 1993||Jun 4, 1996||Dell Usa, L.P.||Charging system for battery powered devices|
|US5670863 *||Feb 7, 1995||Sep 23, 1997||Benchmarq Microelectronics, Inc.||Lead acid charger with ratioed time-out periods and current pulse mode of operation|
|US5696435 *||Mar 7, 1995||Dec 9, 1997||Norand Corporation||Fast battery charger for a device having a varying electrical load during recharging|
|US5710506 *||Feb 7, 1995||Jan 20, 1998||Benchmarq Microelectronics, Inc.||Lead acid charger|
|US5773965 *||Oct 23, 1996||Jun 30, 1998||Rohm Co., Ltd.||Switching power supply apparatus for converting a high DC voltage into a low DC voltage|
|US5856737 *||Sep 30, 1994||Jan 5, 1999||Norand Corporation||Fast battery charging system and method|
|US5889392 *||Mar 6, 1997||Mar 30, 1999||Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.||Switch-mode regulators and methods providing transient response speed-up|
|US6043630 *||Jan 4, 1999||Mar 28, 2000||Intermec Ip Corp.||Fast battery charging system and method|
|US6075342 *||Dec 5, 1997||Jun 13, 2000||Intermec Ip Corp.||Fast battery charging system and method|
|US6252380||Feb 24, 2000||Jun 26, 2001||Intermec Ip Corp.||Battery pack having memory|
|US6271643||Feb 24, 2000||Aug 7, 2001||Intermec Ip Corp.||Battery pack having memory|
|US6307349||Feb 24, 2000||Oct 23, 2001||Intermec Ip Corp.||Battery pack having memory|
|US6392473 *||Jan 11, 2000||May 21, 2002||Visteon Global Tech., Inc.||Voltage protection and biasing circuit|
|US7088597||Aug 27, 2003||Aug 8, 2006||Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.||High voltage supply device for eliminating a surge voltage|
|US20040051386 *||Aug 27, 2003||Mar 18, 2004||Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.||High voltage supply device|
|EP1394927A2 *||Aug 29, 2003||Mar 3, 2004||Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.||Power supply with surge protection|
|EP1394927A3 *||Aug 29, 2003||Mar 9, 2005||Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.||Power supply with surge protection|
|U.S. Classification||320/112, 323/278, 320/150, 320/164, 323/289|
|Feb 24, 1989||AS||Assignment|
Owner name: ZENITH ELECTRONICS CORPORATION, A CORP. OF DE, ILL
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:KONOPKA, JOHN G.;REEL/FRAME:005020/0955
Effective date: 19880613
|Dec 8, 1992||REMI||Maintenance fee reminder mailed|
|Dec 22, 1992||REMI||Maintenance fee reminder mailed|
|May 9, 1993||LAPS||Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees|
|Jul 27, 1993||FP||Expired due to failure to pay maintenance fee|
Effective date: 19930509


text:
Ashley Judd is busy promoting her upcoming television series The Missing, but what has people talking isn’t the subject matter, it’s Ashley’s possible plastic surgery.
43-year old Ashley Judd was once known as one of the slimmest and sexiest women in Hollywood. So when she turned up on talk shows with a filled-out, puffy face, people immediately blamed plastic surgery.
Ashley’s camp was quick to dispel the rumors, a rep for Ashley told E! News, “battling an ongoing, serious sinus infection and flu.”
Dr. Vincent Chan, a Seattle ear, nose and throat doctor specializing in sinus disease, tells MSNBC that medications and steroids taken for sinus problems can cause puffiness, but only when taken long-term.
“Generally, when steroids are given for sinus infection, they’re given for 10 days to two weeks,” he says. “Usually those types of regimens – steroids for sinusitis – don’t cause that sort of problem.”
“It takes several weeks to a month to get that kind of puffiness,” he says. “And it will be accompanied by generalized water retention. You’ll be puffy everywhere.”
According to plastic surgeon Dr. Anthony Youn, Ashley’s explanation could be true.
“If she says she started taking [steroids] five days ago and that’s why she’s puffy, that doesn’t sound likely,” he says. “But if she says ‘I’ve been on steroids [for a while] and gained weight, I think that’s a very reasonable explanation.”
However, if it’s not steroid use, Ashley could be suffering from “pillow face” caused by too much injectable filler and not enough plastic surgery recovery time.
“There’s a new trend in plastic surgery in Hollywood to over-plump people’s faces,” he says. “If it’s not steroids, my guess would be that Ashley Judd has plumped her cheeks with Sculptra injections, which have caused her to have a pillow face and caused her cheeks to look almost chipmunk-like.”
“It’s possible either way,” Dr. Youn says. “My feeling is that obviously it looks like she has a pillow face, not a steroid face. But her story definitely has some potential credibility to it.”
Whether or not Ashley has been overusing sinus medications or plastic surgery is still up for debate, and Makemeheal.com hopes her symptoms—in either case—will abate soon.
Read the complete celebrity plastic surgery profile of Ashley Judd on Plasticopedia, the web’s largest celebrity plastic surgery encyclopedia.
Chat on Plastic Surgery Message Boards
Ask purchase misoprostol Plastic Surgeons Questions & Get Answers
Tags: Ashley Judd, cosmetic surgery, fillers, plastic surgery, Sculptra

domain: celebrity


Head Coach Acacia Walker Discusses 6-1 Start, Upcoming Game at Canisius
March 13, 2014
CHESTNUT HILL, Mass. - Head coach Acacia Walker discusses the team's west coast roadtrip as they defeated USC and San Diego State to improve to 6-1.
She also goes on to talk about team leadership and upcoming play.
Walker and the Eagles travel to Buffalo, N.Y., to take on Canisius on Saturday, March 15. Game time is set for noon.


text:
Click here to see more
Silvertone radios sold!
|Sold by Gary Ball on June 9, 2013|
Listed price on date of sale - $65.00
|This is one of the earliest entries into the transistor radio market for Silvertone. The 4 transistor chassis is clean and all original, and it might work if they still made the odd battery, but for now it is a great display and conversation piece. The bright pink color and unique "Bow Tie" design makes this stand out in a crowd. It measures 6 1/2 inches tall and by using the stand, it will prop up nicely for display. Very clean and all original.|
Radio Attic Home | Radios for Sale | Go to Gary's Vintage Gems from the North
Radios for sale
at the Radio Attic are offered by independent advertisers and not by the Webmaster.
Sellers are identified at the top of each page. You must directly contact the seller to purchase a radio.
© 1999, 2019 the Radio Attic

domain: hobby


text:
The sensitive nervous system david butler pdf
The Sensitive Nervous System by David S. Butler
The Sensitive Nervous System
Goodreads helps you keep track of books you want to read. Want to Read saving…. Want to Read Currently Reading Read. Other editions. Enlarge cover. Error rating book. Refresh and try again.
The Sensitive Nervous System calls for skilled combined physical and of David Butler's Mobilisation of the Nervous System has seen the rapid growth nervous system.i want to download its pdf file full hamiltonellis.com havnt found any access.
carl greer change your story
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domain: library


OXFORD, Ga. – After the city council declined to take action on sewer tap fees at its Monday night meeting, Oxford Mayor Jerry Roseberry gave Assistant City Manager Matthew Pepper and Utilities Department Superintendent Jody Reid the go ahead to start visiting 28 homes along Emory Street to acquire easements needed for the city’s sewer system expansion with the understanding that the current fee schedule is subject to change.
Under the current plan, approved by the council at its May 1 meeting, homeowners will be required to pay a $3,600 fee to hook-up to the sewer. Those homeowners who pay the fee upfront will receive a 10% discount. Homeowners who choose to pay the hook-up fee in monthly installments will pay $60 a month plus a $5 monthly service fee for 60 months.
Oxford has an ordinance requiring all homes within 100 feet of a sewer line to be connected to it.
In exchange for the 28 easements needed to install the system, under the current plan the city will reimburse those homeowners up to $1,800 toward the costs of having their house connected to the system and closing their septic tank.
After homeowners came out in force to a May 15 work session to voice their disapproval with the plan, the council and the mayor said the fee issue would be revisited.
Roseberry said acquiring the easements and moving forward with the sewer project now is important because the Emory Street/Interstate 20 pedestrian bridge and sidewalk is scheduled to go out for bids in October.
“As we’ve talked about many times before, we do not want to put to put the sidewalk down before we put the sewer down,” he said, “We don’t want to do that. We need to move ahead with this.
Roseberry told members that former City Manager Bob Schwartz said many citizens want to know the cost of hooking up to the system before they approve an easement.
“The contact our prior city manager had with the public was they would like to know if the council is going to change the fee before they would decide if they were going to grant an easement,” he said.
Post 4 Councilmember David Eady said he was told the fee issue would be discussed in August.
“I feel like we need to have a work session with ample public notice to all the parties involved who would be affected, the 42 properties who would be affected so that we can have a more thorough discussion,” he said.
Pepper laid out the timeline for the project provided by City Engineer Robert Johnson.
“If we’re able to acquire the easements by August or September, and the GDOT approval, which we’re on pace to get by that time, we can start receiving bids in November, you, as a council, can hopefully choose a contractor by December,” he said.
“We can start construction in February of 2018 and then hopefully have that completed by May of 2018.”
Pepper said the sewer tap fees will be on the agenda for the council’s August 14 work session.


In the matter of its new letter-grade system that rates the cleanliness of restaurants, the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene has given itself an A.
In a progress report posted Monday on its Web site, the department said that its new sanitation regime has significantly exceeded the department’s expectations. Two years ago, when the department first proposed giving restaurants public A, B or C grades to rate their cleanliness, it said it expected that a third of restaurants would earn A grades during the first year.
However, of the 10,000 restaurants that received grade cards during the first six months under the new rules, 87 percent had received either A or B grades, and 57 percent had received A’s. (Inspectors began scoring under the current system last July.)
The department said that, as of Jan. 12, 27 percent of restaurants had received A grades (a score of 0 to 13 violation points) on a first inspection. The rest received a second, unannounced inspection a month later, and the grade from that inspection counted.
Many restaurants improved upon their first scores, the department said. Among those scoring a B on the first inspection (a score of 14 to 27 violation points), close to 44 percent earned an A grade on the second inspection, the department said. And 72 percent of the restaurants that scored a C on the first inspection (the equivalent of 28 or more violation points) improved to an A or B grade.
Apparently the letter grades have captured public interest. The department said that its new restaurant-inspection Web site has received more than 40,000 page views each month, a fivefold increase over the previous year, and the previous Web site.
Robert Bookman, the lawyer for the New York Nightlife Association, said that restaurants should be getting even better scores, and that the department’s own statistics “show that the new scoring system is convoluted and confusing.”
He added: “We think the city’s restaurants are cleaner than the statistics indicate. Inspectors are counting too many tangential issues like leaky faucets, cracked tiles and uncovered light bulbs, so only 27 percent of restaurants are getting an A on the first inspection. The health department is giving a black eye to New York City in a time when tourism is a mainstay of our economy.”
In its statistical announcement, the department did admit that it is “slightly behind schedule on its plan to grade all of the city’s 24,000 restaurants by the fall of 2011,” but it added that the agency “expects to complete them by the end of the year.”


Regional chlorine shortage: Portland water remains safe to drink
Services and Resources
12 services and resources found
Businesses that are subject to the Portland Business License Tax, Portland Transient Lodgings Tax, Multnomah County Business Income Tax, and/or the Metro Supportive Housing Services (SHS) Business Income Tax are required to register for a Revenue Division tax account.
The Portland Bureau of Transportation’s (PBOT) Healthy Businesses permit allows temporary changes to streets to give people more space to conduct business safely amid our current public health crisis. Winter permits expire March 31, 2021. Applications for Healthy Businesses permits now open.
The Portland in the Streets team at the Portland Bureau of Transportation (PBOT) issues Sidewalk Café permits to allow businesses to place tables and seating on the public sidewalk. Businesses must sell food and beverages to apply for a Sidewalk Café permit.
Vendors and promoters doing business over a very limited term, may apply for a license using the form below.
Each payday lender location within the cities of Portland, Gresham, or Oregon City needs a payday lender permit. These permits must be renewed every year and are all paid through the City of Portland.
Shops that buy and sell property that is frequently the subject of theft (“regulated property”) must get a permit. This permit needs to be renewed each year.
Companies may sign up with the Portland Bureau of Transportation (PBOT) to provide additional resources for permit holders with the Healthy Businesses program--construction materials, design, installation, maintenance, labor, or discounts. Partnerships can be limited to support communities of color.
An Intellectual Property License Agreement is required for the commercial use of the Portland Oregon Sign. Commercial use does not include personal use, such as photos of yourself that are shared amongst friends and family.


Keywords and Phrases
CFD analysis; Fuel plate; Natural convection; Porous media; STAR-CCM+
"Thermal-fluid modeling of the Missouri University of Science and Technology Reactor (MSTR) was carried out using a computational fluid dynamics code (CFD), STAR-CCM+. First, a three-dimensional parallel-plate model was developed, and the cosine-shaped heat flux was applied to the MSTR core. Simulation results for fluid flow under natural convection condition show coolant temperature and velocity as a function of core power. A characteristic equation for the parallel-plate model was obtained based on Forchheimer's flow equation. The inertial resistance tensor and viscous resistance tensor were found to be 281005 kg/m^4 and 7121.6 kg/m^3 respectively. The MSTR core was then defined as a porous region with porosity 0.7027. A second model was developed to study convection within a section of the MSTR includes 3 fuel elements (power density of 1.86E+6 Wm-3) in one third of the reactor pool volume. For validation work, both plume temperature and pool temperature measurements were recorded at several locations within the MSTR pool. At 200kW, the temperature field was consistent with the pool temperature data at 15 locations. A third model included the workings of an eductor outlet from, and inlet into the active cooling system to predict heat removal capability. The major contribution of this study is to explain the thermal flow in the MSTR channels and pool, and to provide a framework for supporting reactor license renewal, and power uprate plans"--Abstract, page iv.
Alajo, Ayodeji Babatunde
Castano Giraldo, Carlos Henry
Liu, Xin (Mining & Nuclear Engr)
Nuclear Engineering and Radiation Science
Ph. D. in Nuclear Engineering
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Journal article titles appearing in thesis/dissertation
- CFD modeling of a coolant channel for Missouri S&T reactor
- A parallel plate model using a porous media approach
- Prediction of Missouri S&T's natural convection with porous media approximation
- Supply chain feasibility analysis of small modular reactor technology
xi, 120 pages
© 2014 Susan Maria Sipaun, All rights reserved.
Dissertation - Open Access
Nuclear reactors -- Missouri -- Rolla -- Computer simulation
Fluid dynamics -- Mathematical models
Computational fluid dynamics
Heat -- Convection, Natural
Electronic OCLC #
Sipaun, Susan Maria, "Thermal-fluid modeling of the Missouri S&T reactor" (2014). Doctoral Dissertations. 2358.


A night of Lady Pianists. Curated by The Super Coda and Hosted by Vaudeville Park.
I am delighted to announce that The Super Coda will once again be curating the next installment of the Ladies of Experimental Music at Vaudeville Park. 4 astronomically talented experimenters, performers, and composers of the piano will share their work, with poetical interludes by the inestimable Niina Pollari – http://de-cidered.blogspot.com/
Doors @ 7:
(in order of appearance)
Lara Downes – A captivating presence both on and offstage, critically acclaimed Steinway Concert Artist Lara Downes is redefining the solo recital format with visionary, cutting-edge performances at prestigious concert venues worldwide. Lauded by NPR as “a delightful artist with a unique blend of musicianship and showmanship” and praised by the Washington Post for her stunning performances “rendered with drama and nuance,” Lara presents the piano repertoire – from iconic favorites to newly commissioned works – in new ways that bridge musical tastes, genres and audiences.
Motoko Honda – Motoko Honda is a pianist, keyboardist, improviser, composer, and sound architect living in Los Angeles. Graduated from California Institute of the Arts, Motoko has been active as a Electro-Acoustic-Prepared Piano soloist, Band leader, Sound artist collaborating with visual artists and dancers, and Recording artist for films covering wide range of music from classical, avant-garde, jazz, punk, contemporary, world and new music.
Areni Agbabian – Born in Santa Monica, CA, Areni Agbabian began humming melodies at the tender age of 11 months. She started playing piano at age 7 and continued a classical education in piano for 20 years. Studying at California Institute of the Arts gave Areni the opportunity to learn from musical masters Vicki Ray, Vinny Golia , Charlie Haden and many more. After finishing school she decided to move on from the classical keyboard world and committed herself mainly to voice and improvisation. Areni has become a unique improviser, combining elements of contemporary classical music and Armenian music.
Nicole Zaray – Nicole Zaray is a vocalist, songwriter and producer. She was born on the LES, was raised in Brooklyn and attended Barnard College. She studied classical piano for 10 years, but was greatly influenced by stride piano players Fats Waller and James P. Johnson when no one was looking. Her solo music work has been presented at PS 122, the Roulette Concert Series, and the SuperCoda music series. Dedicated to studying the evolution of ‘The American Songbook’, she was commissioned by The American Music Center to write about American film music history. She was featured vocalist on Moby’s CDs “Feeling So Real” and “Next is the E” (Mute/Elektra); and starred in the eclectic scifi flick “The Sticky Fingers of Time” which premiered at the Venice Biennale, played over forty other festivals, and was released worldwide.
5-20$ sliding scale donation. libations by brooklyn brewery.


text:
Barton Avenue and Davis Drive near River Road in Luling have reopened, according to an update from St. Charles officials. A train was stuck as of 6:15 a.m. Wednesday at both crossings.
St. Charles EOC said there was a mechanical problem with the crossing. Repairs were expected to take several hours, but the roads had reopened by 7 a.m.
Carlie Kollath Wells is a morning reporter at NOLA.com | The Times-Picayune and covers the metro area from 5:30 a.m. to 10 a.m. on weekdays. Have an early-bird tip? Send it to her: firstname.lastname@example.org or Twitter @carlie_kollath.

domain: news


text:
December 11, 2018: Two correctional officers were attacked by prisoners while reportedly conducting a “cell search” at approximately 3:00 am Tuesday morning at the private prison run by CoreCivic.
April 30, 2018 – (end date unknown): According to the media outlet Liberation, “approximately two-thirds of the prisoners in the pre-trial detention facility participated in the first day of the hunger strike, leading the administration to extend a break time that day and to promise improvements to the food in the days to come.”
August 12, 2014: Approximately 393 immigrant detainees refused to leave the recreation yard until the warden heard their demands. According to an incident report released by the prison, “The list of concerns were related to food, commissary prices, laundry/frequency of clothing exchange, recreation hours/equipment, library schedule, medical care and respect from staff (a specific correctional supervisor was named).”
March 27, 2013: A large group of prisoners staged a protest in the prison yard around 10 a.m. The protest lasted throughout the day, with prisoners eventually returning to their cells late that night.

domain: sociology


Looking to enhance or revitalize or update your yard with vibrant, colorful plants and flowers? Then mark your calendars for our annual Flower & Garden Expo, a rain or shine event, every Spring!
A popular event in NE Florida, the Flower and Garden Expo will delight gardeners of all ages with growers, nurseries and artisans from around the state offering shoppers every item to make your garden all it can be! Every year, this show features a variety of vendors bringing a wide array of horticulture including olive trees, aquatic plants, herbs, ferns, succulents, citrus, colorful flowering plants, butterfly plants, native plants and more plus gardening accessories and art. There is a $5 admission fee per person, which is valid for both days of the Expo (Children are admitted for free)!
Save your Expo ticket! It will grant you free admission to our event, “Taste of St. Augustine!”
Located just 10 miles west of St. Augustine in Elkton, FL off of SR 207. Coming from Jacksonville or Daytona? Take exit 311 off of I-95 then head west toward Hastings for about 5 miles. Sykes Family Farm is located on the right.
Q: Is the event handicap accessible?
A:Yes, however, a majority of the expo will take place in a grassy area.
Q: Can I bring my pet?
A: Dogs are permitted at the Expo as long as they are on a leash and the owner has bags ready for clean-up.
Q: What if it rains?
A: The Expo will take place rain or shine.
Concerned about getting all your great plant buys back to your car? Not to worry! Scouts BSA Troop 875 and Troop 9875 will be on hand providing plant pick-up services. Just flag down one of the Scouts and they’ll take your purchases back to their Plant Pick-Up Tent so you can continue looking around. When you are ready to go, bring your car and ticket to the Plant Pick-Up Tent and they’ll load your plants into your car. We’ve been partnering with the Scouts for many years and they add a wonderful, convenient option to the Expo.
3 Seasons Growers – Ornamentals: shrubs & tropicals
Cactus & Exotics – cactus, exotics, tropicals
Eden Paradise Gardens– Flowering perennials, shrubs & trees, new & unique plant species-rare or hard to find.
George Griepenburg – Butterfly & Hummingbird plants
Grassroots Nursery – Unique garden perennials
Hartley Farm- Citrus Trees & Roses
J&P Nursery – Flowering perennials
Magic Nursery- Fruit & citrus trees, orchids, pitcher plants
MAD Plants – cold-hardy tropicals, gingers, colocasia, alocasia
McCrory’s Bromeliads – Bromeliads
My Crazy Plant Life – rare aroids, philodendrons, alocasias, begonias, peperomias
Native Plant Consulting- Native Plants
Randy’s Bromeliads – Bromeliads, air plants, tropicals
All American Gutter Protection – Gutter protection service
Beach Shack Chic -hand carved garden sculptures, bird baths and feeders, totems and colorful garden art
Debra & Jeff Crammond – Welded yard art
Deerpark Concrete – Garden Statuary
Monroe Drake – Bow Bread Knives
Dr. Gloria Moore- Chiropractor
Gourds Gone Wild- Birdhouse and feeder gourds
Leaf Home Water Solutions – affordable in-home water treatment solutions
Michelle Hopkins– Datil Pepper Sauces
Solar Claypot Lighthouses + More – claypot solar lighthouses & birdbaths
Teresa Stachulski/Carol Moss – painted concrete pavers
Tower Gardens – aeroponic gardening
Wentz Antiques–Arches, benches, fern stands, carts, baskets


text:
The 4th of July is a revered occasion that brings friends and families together to honor the nation’s birth. It’s a time when joy resonates in the air, tantalizing scents of delectable food permeate the surroundings, and a profound sense of patriotism unites us all. In Santa Barbara, these time-honored traditions are infused with a distinctive charm, providing an enchanting backdrop for crafting cherished memories that will endure a lifetime. In early July, the California coast is an ideal destination, where an abundance of thrilling events, engaging activities, and awe-inspiring fireworks displays await, ensuring an unforgettable celebration with your loved ones.
What would the 4th of July be without dazzling fireworks and fun events? The Santa Barbara Waterfront is the place to be for a firecracker of a holiday. You can enjoy a full day of festive, fun and family-friendly activities, including free face painting, live music, food and craft vendors, historical cannon firing and more at Stearns Wharf. You can also enjoy live music on multiple stages at West Beach, featuring acts such as The Detar Music Review, Drifting Dimension, Sweetheart Sisters, Why Golf Why, Brandi Lentini and Band, Slideways, Fiesta dancers, Ridin’ the Storm Out, False Puppet, La Boheme dancers, and Petty Set Go. And of course, don’t miss the spectacular fireworks display over the water at 9pm, sponsored by the City’s Waterfront Department. The show, at West Beach, is the most popular event of the holiday.
For a bit less crowded and small-town 4th of July feel, visit Montecito, just south of Santa Barbara. Montecito Village usually holds an annual parade which begins at Upper Manning Park and heads to Lower Manning Park. It ends with a community Independence Day celebration with food and live music.
Santa Barbara is also known for its natural beauty and outdoor recreation opportunities. You can spend time hiking, biking, kayaking, fishing or golfing at one of the many parks and trails in the area. You can also visit some of the historical sites and landmarks that showcase the rich American history of Santa Barbara, such as Mission Santa Barbara, El Presidio de Santa Barbara State Historic Park or the Santa Barbara Maritime Museum.
This 4th of July, escape to Santa Barbara and experience an unforgettable celebration amidst breathtaking beaches, warm community spirit, and boundless opportunities for fun and relaxation. The region’s charm and festive atmosphere make it an ideal destination to create beautiful memories with your loved ones. Whether you’re immersing yourself in nature, exploring the local events, or basking in the wonder of a spectacular fireworks display, Santa Barbara offers an idyllic setting for a truly memorable holiday. So pack your bags, don your red, white, and blue, and prepare to embark on a journey filled with joy, laughter, and the magic of the 4th of July in Santa Barbara, California!
The best part of any 4th of July holiday is spending time with your family and friends. That’s why finding the perfect accommodations is so important to having an unforgettable vacation. If you’re looking for a home away from home in Santa Barbara, look no further than Haller Coastal Homes. We offer a range of vacation rentals to suit your needs and preferences, from cozy cottages to luxurious villas. You’ll enjoy all the amenities and comforts of home, as well as stunning views and convenient locations. Haller Coastal Homes offers more than just a place to stay. It’s a place to create exceptional vacations…..and lifelong memories.

domain: geography


2008 ford expedition electrical
I parked my car went out later and it would not start. Thought maybe battery
even though it's only 8 months old. Charged it and indicator on charger says
it is charged. the only thing that lights up is the anti theft light flashes every 2
seconds. tune on the key and it stops. nothing else works nothing on the
dash, no air no radio nothing no door locks no wipers not interior lights no
starter click everything is dead silent.
I even switched the PCM fuse with an identical one but still nothing. I pulled
all the engine compartment fuses and none are blown can't tell on the 6 or
so like the PCM fuse. What could be wrong, and what can I do to
Sounds like you triggered the anti-theft system. While this is active/flashing, it will not start. There is a procedure for getting out of this in your owners manual, available on line, just google your truck.
On the lead in to your post, saw f150 and expedition, which one is it? Make sure battery has a full charge and all battery connections good, on all ends not just at the battery. Voltage and grounds are important. Use a test light at fuses in fuse box to check for voltage, some fuses hot all the time, some go hot with the key on. Check them both ways. Voltage to fuse box should come from positive side of battery. I repeat grounds are important, also. I looked at security system for both the f150 and expedition, that is a starter motor disable among other components. With testing you can usually see if starter motor will crank the engine, but, that doesn't mean it will start. Any starter motor testing, make sure tranny is in park or neutral and parking brake is set.
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Matthew Ball Joined NetEase Senior Vice President Hu Zhipeng for Conversation on the Metaverse and NetEase’s Role in That Field
HANGZHOU, China, Sep. 21, 2022 /PRNewswire/ -- Hu Zhipeng, Senior Vice President of NetEase, Inc., one of China's leading internet and online game services providers, has joined in an online discussion about Metaverse with Matthew Ball, a venture capitalist and veteran Metaverse luminary. The conversation took place on Yaotai, an immersive virtual event platform developed by NetEase and was made public on September 21, 2022.
The discussion revolved around a variety of topics such as the widely-debated definition of Metaverse, an emerging phenomenon that aims to build the next internet, how it could revolutionize people’s life, and the necessary breakthroughs for it to be fully realized. In the dialogue, the two shared their thoughts on potential applications such as education, healthcare and engineering construction. Mr. Hu also introduced some current practices of leading Chinese technology companies relevant to the Metaverse.
“Most companies define the Metaverse in a way that fits their own visions or capabilities,” said Hu Zhipeng. “NetEase has strengthened its technological prowess on proprietary 3D game engines and in-game economy construction based on our past two decades’ experience in games development. The know-how has been naturally extended to more applicable fields that encourage interconnected experiences. NetEase Yaotai is an epitome of this exploration.”
Supported by Artificial Intelligence, cloud computing and other technologies, NetEase Yaotai (https://yaotai.163.com/) has enabled a more interactive video conferencing experience where users can walk around and start conversations in their dressed-up avatars, and participate in conferences, exhibitions and a whole host of other events. First launched in 2020, NetEase Yaotai has held nearly 200 virtual events, serving clients including universities, institutions and corporates and hosting nearly 100,000 users from over 100 countries and regions.
Tel: (+86) 571-8985-3378
Tel: (+86) 571-8985-2668


text:
SEP 22, 2023
Ecoin builts the world’s first blockchain-based digital identity platform
SEP 15, 2021
Ecoin, the ‘Crypto for Everyone’ coin, is on a roll with a series of new and exciting updates coming out this September. A Draper University-backed project, Ecoin pursues a mission to enable mass adoption of cryptocurrency by attracting billions of users into the space.
To push this goal, it has built the world’s first AI-driven Fraud detection system, in other words, a blockchain-based digital identity platform, that will result in easier crypto-onboarding and eliminate fraud risks. Along with this, it has also innovated and turned to alternative mining methods, such as Social Media Mining, Cashbacks Mining, and Launchpad Mining. But more on this later. For now, let’s look at the latest updates in the Ecoin ecosystem.
Ecoin and leading hybrid Blockchain technology XinFin Network have partnered up to scale up blockchain 4.0. The update was shared today on their official Twitter account. Joining the XDC network is something that the Ecoin platform was looking forward to since a long time, now with the deployment complete, more updates will follow soon. It aims to scale its social token $Ecoin and Xinfin Network to millions of users based on ‘the blockchain-based digital identity powered by its alternative mining systems.
Within just 12 months, the network that is looking to encourage crypto mass adoption has already onboarded over 1.5 million users. Ecoin’s near-zero gas fees and faster transaction speed can support millions of users. Currently, Ecoin Foundation also has over 300,000 active holders.
After burning 10% of its total supply, Ecoin is now moving to burn 80% supply as per the decision of the Ecoin community.
Added to these updates, Ecoin Co-Founder Mr. Abhyudoy Das recently won the Draper University Pre-acceleration Program and received investment from them. This funding will pour into its efforts to enable mass adoption of crypto. Recently Ecoin Co-Founder, Mr. Krishna Yogi has also announced their plan to roll out the Ecoin NFT solution soon.
Now, let’s take a look at its innovative alternate-mining approaches.
Users can earn Ecoin using ‘Wishoo’ which is its secondary social media platform. With the tagline, “A social media that pays you to post, like, and share interesting content”, Wishoo is a pay-to-watch tokenized social media.
Ecoin gives users the opportunity to participate in various free offers such as surveys, app tryouts, etc.
Users can get the chance to earn Ecoin whenever they are shopping, or even when they recharge their mobiles. They can earn Ecoins as cashback.
Ecoin aims to make crypto-onboarding easy and accessible by facilitating users with convenience and streamlined processes. At the same time, it will eliminate fraud almost completely.


text:
sunday morning military camouflage wrrrrrrrrrrrrr
i luv the colour
To mi sie zawsze zajebiscie podobało
very nice!! i like the color
that's quite yummy
nice piece... minimalist but full of expressiion...
z daleka wygladal jak mech
love the small red hit of color
i really like this one. would love to see it animated
yeah that's real nice.
Holy shit, this is a damn tight render
that render rocks but maybe it would look better with a little bit 2d vector stuff in the bottom ^^
gotta say, I'm inspired.
This one is awesome

domain: artistic


text:
Retinal vein occlusion occurs when a vein (a vessel that drains blood from the eye) becomes blocked. A blocked vein prevents blood brought into the eye from flowing out of it effectively. The smaller blood vessels, or capillaries, that deliver oxygen and nutrients to the retina are damaged. Hemorrhages and edema in the retina are signs of this damage. A lack of oxygen delivery to the retina causes damage and decreases vision.
The loss of blood flow may also cause the eye to develop new blood vessels, which can rupture and bleed, resulting in a vitreous hemorrhage. Sometimes, these new vessels can lead to tractional retinal dislocations.
We often use a combination of intravitreal Anti-VEGF agents and laser to treat branch retinal vein occlusions. Intravitreal Anti-VEGF agents are used to treat central retinal vein occlusions. If there is a vitreous hemorrhage, vitrectomy surgery may be suggested.
There are two types of retinal vein occlusions:
1. Branch Retinal Vein Occlusions
After Treatment With Anti-VEGF Agents
Restore Your Vision When You Seek Retinal Vein Occlusion Treatment
Receive professional care when you contact Retina & Vitreous of Louisiana to treat your retinal vein occlusion. Call and schedule an appointment with our specialists to remedy your situation promptly.

domain: biology


text:
To view recipes featured on "The Rachael Ray Show," click the Recipes tab at the top left of the home page on RachaelRayShow.com. Filter the recipes by ingredient, course, category, occasion and type of cuisine.
Main ingredients include chicken, beef, grains, fruits and vegetables, while courses range from breakfast and snacks to appetizers and dinner.
Fabio Viviani, Lidia Bastianich, Elisabeth Hasselbeck and Curtis Stone are some of the chefs whose recipes are available on the site. Their recipes include pastas such as lasagna bolognese, sandwiches such as barbecue chicken sandwiches with red cabbage mango slaw, and Mexican dishes such as potato and zucchini enchiladas with habanero salsa.

domain: food


text:
(Book #1 of The Palace Chronicles)
Margaret Peterson Haddix
(Book #2 of The Hunter Chronicles)
E. J. Patten
(Book #1 of The Hunter Chronicles)
(Part of Kenny & the Dragon)
Tell us what you like and we'll recommend books you'll love.
Please specify your subject area(s):


text:
Habitat for Humanity of Butte County
Seeking to put God's love into action, Habitat for Humanity brings people together to build homes, communities, and hope.
A hand up, not a hand out!
Financial classes provide tools and training to help Habitat families better administer their resources and save for the future.
Efficient money management means meeting daily needs, as well as coping with emergencies or unexpected opportunities that arise. The training classes offer participants basic, fundamental tools about careful money management. It helps them to prioritize expenses, create a family budget, develop good credit ratings, and create a savings plan for home improvements.
Thank you to Dan Bequette who has volunteered to teach the Habitat financial classes for the last five years!

domain: economics


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text:
All’s Peachy in Singapore
November 13th, 2009
November 13th, 2009
Today, Singapore signed its 12th Tax Information Exchange Agreement (TIEA), and thus the jurisdiction is added to the OECD white list. Well that takes care of it! No longer will Singapore be a place to hide money (read sarcasm). Okay, I’m being harsh; to be fair, Singapore knows that it’s not fixed yet and will thus turn itself into a fully tax-compliant, transparent jurisdiction by today signing another TIEA with the financial powerhouse of Brunei (read more sarcasm).
In reality, Singapore – ranked 8th most secretive in the Financial Secrecy Index – still is and will continue to be (short of a dramatic shift) a top secrecy jurisdiction. As noted many times on this blog, the OECD standard of information exchange will require little (if any) information to be disclosed from Singapore, and even if it did, Singapore would have to sign roughly 50 more TIEAs before it came into line with the average number of TIEAs signed by G20 nations. A better standard would be automatic exchange of tax information.
Read the full OECD release below:
Singapore signs its 12th tax agreement meeting the OECD standard
Singapore has today signed a protocol with France that brings the two countries’ bilateral tax treaty into line with the OECD standard on transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes. This being the 12th agreement that it has signed in accordance with the OECD standard, Singapore moves into the category of jurisdictions deemed to have substantially implemented the standard.
Singapore is the 15th jurisdiction to have moved into the “substantially implemented” category since April 2009. It is expected shortly to sign further agreements conforming to the OECD standard, including one today with Brunei.
As part of its commitment to implementation of the OECD standard, Singapore has recently passed legislation to enable its authorities to exchange information, including bank and fiduciary information, with tax authorities in other countries.
Singapore’s legislation, like that of other countries, will be peer reviewed in the context of the Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes set up in September. Singapore is an active member of the Global Forum, being vice-chair of the Peer Review Group and member of the Steering Group.
Welcoming Singapore’s commitment to the OECD standard, OECD Secretary-General Angel Gurría said that this marked a major step forward in international tax cooperation.
“Singapore is a key player in the global financial community,” Mr. Gurría said. “The fact that Singapore has removed the legislative impediments to its implementation of the international standard is very welcome and it confirms that there is a new global environment of tax cooperation. No jurisdiction can stand apart from this movement towards greater transparency for tax purposes.”


- Average freight rates at Hapag-Lloyd rose almost 5% year-over-year in the first half of 2019, reaching a rate of $1,071 per TEU amid growing shipment volumes, according to the container line's recent earnings report.
- The higher rates, along with increased shipping volumes, contributed to a "solid first half of 2019," CEO Rolf Habben Jansen said in a statement. Revenue rose 7% from the first half of 2018 to the first half of 2019 when measured in U.S. dollars, according to slides released with its earnings.
- Habben Jansen said the positive results for the German container line mean its outlook for the remainder of the year is unchanged "even if we have to deal with more trade restrictions and see increasing geopolitical risk."
Market demand largely dictates ocean freight rates on particular trades. Hapag-Lloyd saw higher transport volumes in the first half of 2019 on Atlantic, Transpacific, Far East, Latin America and EMAO (Europe - Mediterranean - Africa - Oceania) routes, and in turn, higher freight rates and revenue on all of these trades.
While Hapag-Lloyd did not directly state reasons for the increased volume and demand, the Transpacific trade as a whole saw volume spikes in late 2018 and early 2019, coinciding with the timing of tariffs on billions of dollars worth of goods from China.
That rush to import goods led to a "surge in freight rates," according to an analysis from Drewry, leaving U.S. importers paying a premium for shipments to avoid tariffs. Data from Freightos also shows a significant spike in rates globally, beginning around September 2018, when the U.S. announced tariffs on $200 billion worth of goods from China.
With the latest announcement of 10% tariffs on $300 billion of Chinese imports, Drewry anticipates another "brief spike" in Transpacific freight rates this month.
Geopolitics greatly influence global trade demand and can be a large source of risk for container lines that rely on trade flows for business. Hapag-Lloyd's current forecast accounts for the increased tariff rate, from 10% to 25%, on list three ($200 billion of imports from China), along with uncertainties around Brexit. The container line's earnings report did not mention the latest U.S. tariff announcement of 10% tariffs on the remaining $300 billion worth of imports from China.
"The risks listed may have a negative impact on transport volumes, freight rates and costs and consequently have a negative impact on earnings," Hapag-Lloyd said in its report.
Other carriers have expressed similar concerns about the global trade environment. In February, Maersk executives said uncertainty in U.S.-China trade negotiations, Brexit and Europe-U.S. discussions could cause their predictions of 2% volume growth to go awry.
While both carriers are standing by their initial guidance and outlooks, both have also acknowledged the volatility in the market could change the course of ocean freight at any point.
"The existing global macroeconomic uncertainties and ongoing stiff competition could have a significant negative impact on the development of transport volumes and freight rates again in 2019," Hapag-Lloyd said.


You are searching about A 3 B 3 C 3 D 3 Formula, today we will share with you article about A 3 B 3 C 3 D 3 Formula was compiled and edited by our team from many sources on the internet. Hope this article on the topic A 3 B 3 C 3 D 3 Formula is useful to you.
Songwriting Tip – Structure of a Pop Song
When it comes to writing pop songs, there is a common formula used for song structure. But before we approach the specific structure of a pop song, it is important to know the purpose of a pop song because it helps in making the most of the structure.
The purpose of a pop song
The purpose of a pop song is to get the song to the audience quickly and to keep the listener interested for as long as possible in about 3 to 4 minutes. This is the time when people buy, get bored, buy again, get bored again, and so on. it’s a cycle. The same goes for pop music today. People listen to catchy music, then they get bored, then they listen to new songs, then they get bored again. So a pop song needs three things: familiarity, variety, and a hook.
So knowing that we want the song we write to stick with the audience, how does that translate into the structure of a pop song? We need to find out what doesn’t work first, then lead to what works and works well.
Here’s a question. Would an all-verse song work as a pop song? I don’t think so. Why doesn’t it work? It wouldn’t work because you would get bored of the song very quickly. Verses may be attractive, but if nothing can replace them, they will quickly become old. So what do we do? Add another section.
So the lesson here is to bring variety to the song and to deviate from the standard song. But on the other hand, having too many types may not work either. For example, if you introduce a new section every time without repeating the section, it will be difficult to pick up the song. Let’s say I had a song with the structure A – B – C – D (each letter represents a section. In order for the listener to have some familiarity, they would need to hear the song again maybe. remember that the song must keep the listener interested in. link.
The general structure of a pop song is A – B – A – B – C – B aka verse – chorus – verse – chorus – bridge – chorus. This works well because not only does it add a sense of familiarity by repeating sections A and B, there is a sense of variation with the addition of section C. The familiarity is then reinforced by maintaining a sense of freshness by ending the section with B. This pop song structure works best when the hook is carried over to the chorus section where the vocals stay the same throughout the section.
You can use ABABCB as the base of your song and add sections to it to add effects of familiarity and variation. Here are some examples.
A – A – B – A – B – C – B
A – B – C – A – B – C – D – C (This is known as verse – prechorus – chorus – verse – prechorus – chorus – bridge – chorus)
A – B – A – B – C – A – B
There are many options when it comes to the format of a pop song. Remember that the mere structure of a pop song is not what makes a song popular. It needs a hook that is usually in the chorus section of the song. Have fun coming up with your own design!
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When the last surviving borrower sells or conveys title of the property, passes away, or does not maintain the property as a principal residence for a period exceeding 12 months due to physical or mental illness, the loan has reached what is called a “maturity event.”
Once the Loan Servicer has verified that a maturity event has occurred, it will mail a “Due and Payable” notice within 30 days to the borrower’s heirs informing them the loan must be repaid and providing options for doing so. The heirs can sell the property, or purchase the property for 95 percent of its current appraised value. If any equity is remaining after the sale of the home, it belongs to the heirs.
If there is no equity left in the home, or the heirs are not in a position to sell the property, they have the option to select a Deed in Lieu of Foreclosure. In this case, the estate gives the Servicer permission to take legal ownership of the property and the responsibility for selling it.
No matter what repayment option is selected, future payments stop at death. However, interest, mortgage insurance premiums and homeowner’s insurance continue to accrue until the loan is settled.
Your heirs will work closely with the Servicer to ensure the loan is paid in full in a timely manner. While payment is due immediately, the heirs have six months to satisfy the debt. If they are selling the property and it is still on the market after six months, the heirs can contact the Loan Servicer and request a 90-day extension, subject to approval by HUD. One additional 90-day extension can be requested, again with HUD’s approval.
If the initial Due and Payable notice is not responded to, or the home hasn’t sold after the 90-day extensions have expired, or if the borrower has no heirs to help pay off the loan, the Servicer may initiate foreclosure.
If, however, you or your heirs are actively working to either refinance your property or sell your property so as to satisfy your reverse mortgage, then foreclosure may be forestalled. The key to a proper and clean end to a loan is to work closely with your Servicer from the time the loan is called due and payable.

domain: law


A bill that would make it illegal for landlords and employers to discriminate against people who have changed their gender or whose gender is not exclusively male or female passed the California state assembly Monday, the Los Angeles Times reports. If the bill, which was authored by openly gay assemblyman Mark Leno, passes the senate--as is expected--and is signed by the governor, California will be the fourth state to pass a gender rights law. According to a spokesman for Gov. Gray Davis, the governor has not yet taken a position on the bill.
The bill passed 41-34, with five assembly members not voting. It failed to win all 48 Democratic votes in the 80-member lower house of the legislature.
"Assembly member Leno has been an incredible advocate for the transgender community, and we are extremely grateful for that," said Geoffrey Kors, executive director for the California Alliance for Pride and Equality. "We sincerely appreciate the support of every assembly member who stood with us today in support of equality for all Californians. No one should have to face discrimination or harassment because of gender-related characteristics that have nothing to do with their qualifications as a tenant or employee. This bill simply codifies the already-established fact that every Californian has the basic right to a job and housing regardless of gender identity or expression."


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7:00pm - MENSA FORUM (Public Event) - "THE INTERSECTION OF DIET AND HUMAN DISEASE" WHAT WE HAVE DONE WRONG, WHAT WE HAVE DONE RIGHT, AND HOW MEDICAL SCIENCE HAS FAILED US
Speaker - Dwight C. Lundell, MD
In 2005 Dr. Lundell recognized that heart disease was largely preventable and that the focus on cholesterol w
as misguided. He closed his surgical practice and refocused the rest of his career on the education of people about the true cause of heart disease. Since then Dr. Lundell has published two books, The Cure for Heart Disease and The Great Cholesterol Lie. He has spoken widely and written many articles about heart disease and proper human nutrition.
Recognition of his expertise is demonstrated by; multiple appearances on
Fox News as an expert on heart disease, long interviews and quotations
in the recent books, Heart of Perfect Health and Cholesterol Clarity. He
was a guest speaker on the 2013 Low Carb Cruise.
Dwight C. Lundell, MD has performed over 5000 heart surgeries and is a pioneer in "Off-Pump" heart-surgery reducing surgical complications and recovery times. He's in the Beating Heart Hall of Fame and has been listed in Phoenix Magazine’s Top Doctors for 10 years. Yale University School of Medicine, Chief Resident, Cardiothoracic Surgery,[masked]; Cardiothoracic Surgery Resident,[masked]. University of Arizona, Arizona Health Sciences Center, Chief Resident, General Surgery,[masked]; Surgery Resident,[masked],[masked]; General Surgery Intern,[masked]
72; University of Arizona, Doctor of Medicine, Charter Class of 1971.
Questions? Contact Forum Coordinator, Greg Pitz, [masked]
9:00 pm approx. - POST-FORUM DEBRIEFING. After the Forum, we will adjourn to the New China Gate Restaurant 7730 East McDowell Road #111, Scottsdale, AZ (480)[masked]. We will partake in interesting conversation and good food. Many of our speakers are able to join us for continued discussion.

domain: medical


Nashville lawmakers to file bill on legalizing Recreational Cannabis
NASHVILLE - It never quite leaves the conversation in Tennessee.
“We’re surrounded by states that have already done that, and of course, we have approximate states that now have legalized medical marijuana,” Sen. Heidi Campbell (D-Nashville) said. “So, we’re almost an island here.”
Now, there’s new legislation coming to try and introduce cannabis access in the state. “It’s a full legalization of cannabis across the state,” Rep. Bob Freeman (D-Nashville) said.
Freeman and Campbell plan on filing a bill sometime within the next few days to legalize cannabis recreationally.
One of the reasons behind the decision is that they both believe, eventually, the federal government will legalize cannabis. If that happens, Tennessee would theoretically miss out on tax revenue more than it already is.
“Let’s not delude ourselves that people aren’t crossing the border and getting cannabis from other states. Of course they are,” Campbell said. “So, that’s just income we’re missing out on.”
Freeman said another reason he wants to pass the bill is that the current situation disproportionately affects people of lower income.
“If you live in a wealthy part of the state and a wealthy community in our city, and you get picked up using some cannabis for personal consumption, the odds of you getting a slap on the wrist and nothing happening is pretty high,” he said. If you live in a poorer neighborhood and you get picked up with cannabis, you’re going to jail.”
As for the actual passage of the bill, Freeman was moderately confident about it. “A solid 7, 7.5,” he said of his confidence on a scale of 1-10.
Campbell was a bit more pessimistic. “Pretty low—I won’t give you a number, but I have no delusions we’re going to pass it this session.”
Most Republicans are against the full, recreational legalization of cannabis, and Tennessee has a Republican supermajority in both chambers of our legislature.
You might ask why bother filing the bill if you don’t think it’s going to pass. Campbell said it’s about keeping the conversation at the forefront.
“We ran it last session, and I think it’s important to run it so that we keep the issue alive, we keep the messaging going,” she said. “Obviously, at some point, that’s going to happen, so we’re just going to keep knocking on that door until somebody opens it.”
In 2020, Sen. Janice Bowling (R-Tullahoma) and Rep. Ron Travis (R-Dayton) sponsored a medical cannabis bill that was weaving its way through the legislature before COVID-19 shut the process down.


In 2021, Andorra plans to extend the list of countries it has signed a double taxation agreement (DTA) with. These treaties are essential to avoiding double taxation on the same basis in the company’s country of origin and the country where the economic activity takes place.
New treaties to avoid double taxation
Several EU states, such as the Netherlands, Belgium and Hungary, are interested in signing a double taxation agreement with Andorra. At present, it has signed agreements with 8 countries, including Spain, France and Portugal.
The principality joined the International Monetary Fund in October 2020, and has already opened negotiations with the countries from its group to secure more advantageous tax treaties. Andorra is part of the group led by Belgium and the Netherlands, the fourth largest in the IMF.
Negotiations began with these two countries three years ago, and with Hungary in early 2020. However, the signing of these agreements has been delayed due to the coronavirus pandemic.
Other interested countries
In theory, negotiations should begin with Italy and Austria in 2021. With regard to the latter, it would be of particular interest if Germany would also agree to sign the double taxation agreement (it has so far refused to do so). One of the reasons for the lack of interest from the Germans is that they consider the economic activity to be insufficient. Andorra, however, claims that it would improve the transparency and approval of tax procedures.
Advantages of the double taxation agreement
This type of agreement is important for attracting new foreign investors who would like to establish themselves in the country or set up new businesses. On the one hand, they will avoid being taxed twice and, on the other, it makes it easier to start and run a business.
Refer to our previous article to find out which taxes apply under the double taxation treaty.


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Our Cabernet Sauvignon is produced from 50 year old vines, grown on the undulating slopes of the Kies Estate in Lyndoch in the Southern Barossa Valley.
– September 13, 2022
Dark dense red currant fruit. Intensity savoury and core of red fruit is elegant and with tension of tannin.
Sweet earthy and sweet fruit; slightly advanced; OK in richer style but lax degree of varietal signature.
Focused blackcurrant, sweet by and roasted tomato. Sumptuous tannins yet pert and lingering. long
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Posted on: August 15, 2018
Get actionable steps to capture important knowledge gained from your work and effectively share that knowledge with others in the webinar presentation, “We’re doing all this good work: What are we learning and how do we share it?” from our Knowledge ...
Posted on: April 16, 2018
Using Knowledge Exchange Events for Improved Coordination, Learning, and Sharing in the Caribbean's HIV Response
The PANCAP-K4Health partnership focuses on knowledge exchange events to build stronger networks and strengthen relationships between national AIDS programme (NAP) managers and civil society organization (CSO) representatives, so that countries--and by ...
Posted on: December 04, 2017
In K4Health’s partnership with the Pan Caribbean Partnership Against HIV/AIDS (PANCAP), we hosted a South-to-South Learning Exchange of a highly effective civil society organization (CSO) providing service delivery and support of antiretroviral treatment ...


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I am reading that a huge protest by various groups is timed to happen on 1 April/2 April in Central London where the banks are going to be targeted. Firms in Central London have sent out warnings to staff to keep a low profile and it would appear that large scale violence is expected.
The protest which appears to be well coordinated appears to be four pronged where anti G20, Climate change, anti war groups and home repossession/pensions groups are marching together to change the country. The police appear to be taking this very seriously and this may be the reason why the government have been making secret plans to deal with civil unrest.
I would hate to see innocents being attacked on the streets of London but frankly I am not surprised. This government have been asking for trouble for some considerable time now. At this moment in time I do no know what to wish for. I don't think that there can be a happy medium and yet I baulk at a total breakdown of society.
Perhaps throwing Gordon Brown into the Thames should suffice for the time being!