|Publication number||US6149065 A|
|Application number||US 09/182,294|
|Publication date||21 Nov 2000|
|Filing date||28 Oct 1998|
|Priority date||28 Oct 1998|
|Publication number||09182294, 182294, US 6149065 A, US 6149065A, US-A-6149065, US6149065 A, US6149065A|
|Inventors||David B. White, Charles S. White|
|Original Assignee||Harper-Wyman Company|
|Export Citation||BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan|
|Patent Citations (3), Referenced by (74), Classifications (18), Legal Events (10)|
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet|
The present invention relates to an improved modulating thermostat for gas ovens, and more particularly to a modulating thermostat that is simple and inexpensive to manufacture.
A typical gas oven includes a main gas burner and a temperature sensing device such as a liquid filled bulb communicating by a capillary tube with an expansible diaphragm in an oven thermostat. In the past most gas oven thermostats have maintained oven temperature by cycling between full on and off. In such a system, a valve in the thermostat is opened by the temperature sensor to supply gas to the main burner to heat the oven when the sensed temperature is below the set temperature. Conversely the main burner valve is closed by the temperature sensor to interrupt the supply gas of gas to the main burner when the set temperature is reached.
In order to improve oven performance, it has been proposed to use a modulating thermostat in place of a cycling on-off thermostat. However, known modulating thermostats are complex and expensive to manufacture and assemble. Known modulating thermostats include machined metal bodies having numerous internal passages requiring extensive fabricating operations. Typically gas flow passages are drilled through the metal body and unused end portions of the drilled passages must be sealed, often by force fitting a sealing ball into the end of the passage. This requires additional parts and assembly steps, and results in potential leakage paths.
Another disadvantage of many known thermostats arises from the need to match the thermostat to a particular oven environment and fuel. Passages supplying pilot burners or bypass flows to main burners must be adjusted for proper flow rates. In a typical thermostat, such adjustments are done with needle valves. Such valves are expensive, increasing the cost of the thermostat.
It is also necessary to provide for calibration of the valve so that the oven temperature maintained by the thermostat matches the temperature set by the user. Typically the user sets the temperature by rotating a knob carried on a valve stem projecting from the front of the thermostat body. The stem rotates a valve plug that controls the admission of gas to the, thermostat and that operates an adjustable coupling or linkage that controls the position of a temperature responsive valve member relative to a valve seat in the thermostat body. To calibrate the thermostat, typically an adjustment is made at the back of the thermostat to adjust the relationship between the expansible diaphragm or valve member and the valve seat. This type of calibration adjustment is awkward, cannot easily be performed after installation of the thremostat, and often requires complex and expensive parts and assembly operations.
A principal object of the present invention is to provide an improved modulating thermostat that is simple and inexpensive to manufacture. Other objects are to provide a modulating thermostat avoiding the need for balls or other seals for passages in the thermostat body; to provide a modulating thermostat having a convenient and simple calibration arrangement; to provide a modulating thermostat having an improved arrangement for adjusting small volume pilot gas flow and/or main burner bypass flow; and to provide a modulating thermostat overcoming disadvantages of modulating thermostats used in the past.
In brief, in accordance with the invention there is provided a modulating thermostat for supplying gas from a gas supply to an oven having a main burner, a pilot burner and a temperature sensor. The thermostat has a body with a front wall and a rear wall. A supply passage extends between the front and rear walls and includes an inlet section adapted to be connected to the gas supply and an outlet section. A temperature responsive valve separates the inlet and outlet sections of the supply passage, the temperature responsive valve including a valve seat and a modulating valve member adapted to be connected to the oven temperature sensor. Main and pilot passages extend between the front and rear walls and are spaced from one another and from the supply passage. Each of the main and pilot passages has a mouth at the front wall of the body. A main burner outlet port in the rear wall communicating with the main passage is adapted to be connected to the oven main burner. A pilot burner outlet port in the rear wall communicating with the pilot passage is adapted to be connected to the oven pilot burner. An outlet passage extends from the outlet section of the supply passage to the main passage. A bypass feeder passage extends from the inlet section of the supply passage to the main passage. A pilot feeder passage extends from the inlet section of the supply passage to the pilot passage. The bypass and pilot feeder passages are formed by drilling through the body along paths that enter the body at the mouths of the bypass and pilot flow passages and extend to the inlet section of the supply passage.
The present invention together with the above and other objects and advantages may best be understood from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiment of the invention illustrated in the drawings, wherein:
FIG. 1 is an front and bottom isometric view of a modulating thermostat embodying the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an oven system including the modulating thermostat of FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is a rear elevational view of the modulating thermostat;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross sectional view of the modulating thermostat taken along the line 4--4 of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is an exploded isometric view of the modulating thermostat;
FIG. 6 is an isometric view of a cross section of the body of the modulating thermostat taken along the compound line 6--6 of FIG. 3;
FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating steps in the method for machining the body of the modulating thermostat;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged side view of an adjustment sleeve assembly of the modulating thermostat; and
FIG. 9 is a further enlarged cross sectional view of the adjustment sleeve taken along the line 9--9 of FIG. 8 illustrating deformation of the sleeve during assembly of the modulating thermostat.
Having reference now to the drawings and initially to FIGS. 1-3 there is illustrated a modulating thermostat generally designated as 10 and constructed in accordance with the principles of the present invention. As seen in FIG. 2, the thermostat 10 is used with a gas oven 12, schematically shown in broken lines, having a main oven burner 14, a pilot burner 16 and a temperature sensing device 18. To heat the oven, the user operates the thermostat 10 to an on position to admit gas to both the main and pilot burners 14 and 16. The user ignites the gas flowing from the main burner 14 and the gas flowing from the pilot burner 16 is ignited by flame at the main burner 14. Thereafter the pilot burner 16 is able to reignite gas flowing from the main burner 14 if the flame is inadvertently extinguished by oven door slam or the like. The thermostat 10 functions to modulate gas flow to the main burner 14 in order to maintain a set oven temperature.
In general the thermostat 10 includes a body 20 having an inlet port 22 for receiving gaseous fuel from a gas supply such as a gas manifold 24 (FIG. 2), a main outlet port 26 for supplying gas through a conduit 28 to the main burner 14 and a pilot outlet port 30 for supplying gas through a conduit 32 to the pilot burner 16. A valve stem 34 carries a knob (not shown) with which the user rotates the stem 34 to operate the thermostat 10 to an off position in which no gas flows to the burners 14 and 16 or to one of a range of on positions in which an adjusted, constant flow of gas is supplied to the pilot burner 16, an adjusted, constant bypass flow of gas is supplied to the main burner 14 and the bypass flow is augmented by a modulated flow of gas to the main burner 14 for maintaining a set oven temperature corresponding to the rotational position of the valve stem 34.
The body 20 is preferably a machined aluminum casting and includes front and rear walls 36 and 38. As seen in FIGS. 4 and 6, a central supply passage 40 extends between the front and rear walls 36 and 38 along a major axis of the thermostat 10. A generally conical inlet section 42 extends from the front wall 36 and an outlet section 44 extends from the rear wall 38. The inlet and outlet sections 42 and 44 are separated by a valve seat 46. An inlet passage 48 (FIG. 1) extending upward from a bottom wall 50 of the body 20 supplies gas from the inlet port 22 to the conical inlet section 42. A valve member 52 of a modulating valve assembly 54 cooperates with the valve seat 46 to modulate flow from the inlet section 42 to the outlet section 44.
A main passage 56 and a pilot passage 58 extend between the front and rear walls 36 and 38, spaced from and at opposite sides of the supply passage 48. The main passage 56 communicates with the main outlet port 26 at the rear wall 38, and includes a main mouth portion 60 at the front wall 36. The main passage 56 includes an enlarged rear portion 62 (FIG. 4) extending forward from the main outlet port 26 and a smaller offset portion 64 (FIGS. 3 and 6) extending from the mouth portion 60 to the enlarged portion 62. The pilot passage 58 communicates with the pilot outlet port 30 at the rear wall 38, and includes a pilot mouth portion 66 at the front wall 36. An outlet passage 68 (FIG. 4) extends from the outlet section 44 of the supply passage 40 to the main passage 56.
A manually operated valve assembly 70 includes a conical valve plug 72 seated in the conical inlet section 42 of the supply passage 40. When the valve stem 34 is in the off position, the valve plug 72 blocks the inlet passage 48 and no gas is permitted to flow into the inlet section 42. When the valve stem is rotated to any position in the range of on positions, an aperture 74 in the valve plug 72 (FIG. 5) registers with the inlet passage and gas flows into the inlet section 42.
Gas is supplied continuously to the pilot burner 16 when the thermostat 10 is operated to any on position. A pilot feeder passage 76 extends from the inset section 42 to the pilot passage 58 so that when gas enters the inlet section 42, gas flows through the pilot feeder passage 76 and the pilot passage 58 to the pilot outlet port 30. A pilot flow adjustment sleeve assembly 78 is used to adjust the pilot flow to meet burner and fuel requirements. A bypass flow of gas is also supplied continuously to the main burner 14 when the thermostat 10 is operated to any on position. A bypass feeder passage 80 extends from the inset section 42 to the main passage 56 so that when gas enters the inlet section 42, gas flows through the bypass feeder passage 80 and the main passage 56 to the main outlet port 26. A bypass flow adjustment sleeve assembly 82 is used to adjust the bypass flow to meet burner and fuel requirements and assure that a minimum flow needed to maintain stable combustion is always present at the main burner 14 when the thermostat 10 is in any on position.
The body 20 of the thermostat 10 is formed by casting of the aluminum body 20 and subsequent machining. The inlet and outlet passages 48 and 68 as well as the pilot and bypass feeder passages 76 and 80 are preferably drilled into the body 20. FIG. 7 provides a diagrammatic illustration of how the outlet passage 68 and the feeder passages 76 and 80 are formed. This illustration is illustrative and not physically accurate in that the passages 68, 76 and 80 do not lie in a common plane within the body 20. The actual position and orientation of the feeder passages 56 and 58 are in FIG. 6. The outlet passage 68 is drilled along a path indicated by the broken lines 84 in FIG. 7, and the inlet passage 48 (seen only in FIG. 1) can be drilled along a path extending upwardly from the bottom side wall 50.
The pilot feeder passage 76 is drilled along a path indicated by the broken lines 86 in FIG. 7. This path enters the body 20 at the pilot passage mouth portion 66 and extends at an angle to the inlet section 42 where it emerges inside the valve seat 46. Similarly the bypass feeder passage is drilled along a path indicated by the broken lines 88 and enters the body 20 at the main passage mouth portion 60 and extends at an angle to the inlet section 42, where it emerges within the valve seat 46. An advantage of this drilling method is that the locations where the feeder passages 76 and 80 intersect the pilot and main passages 58 and 56 at the mouths 66 and 60 is accurately determined. This is important for proper registration of the feeder passages 56 and 58 with the adjustment sleeve assemblies 82 and 78. Another advantage of this method of drilling the passages including the feeder passages 56 and 58 is that there are no unused passage segments extending to the exterior of the body 20 that require sealing by additional elements such as press fit sealing balls.
The adjustment sleeve assemblies 78 and 82 may be identical, and the assembly 78 is seen in FIG. 8. A sleeve member 90 includes a slotted and flanged head 92 and a projecting tubular portion 94. An O-ring 96 is placed beneath the head 92. A flow adjustment opening 98 is formed in the tubular portion 94. The openings 98 of the adjustment sleeve assemblies 78 and 82 are axially located so that when the sleeve assemblies are installed in the mouth portions 60 and 66, the openings can be aligned with the feeder passages 76 and 78.
The sleeve members 90 are preferably formed of brass, a metal that is substantially softer than the aluminum of which the body 20 is made. Each sleeve assembly 78 and 82 is initially inserted into the corresponding mouth portion 60 or 66 with the opening 98 facing away from, or generally diametrically opposed to, the corresponding feeder passage 76 or 80. Then, with the head 92 supported against axial movement, a tool is inserted into the opposite end of the corresponding main or pilot passage 56 or 58. The tool is used to axially compress the tubular portion 94 in order to deform the tubular portion 94 and create a tight interference fit between the tubular portion 94 and the surrounding passage wall. The portion of the wall of the tubular portion 94 that overlies the feeder passage 76 or 80 during this deformation is slightly bulged outward into the feeder passage by the resulting axial compressive deformation. The resulting bulge 100 is seen in FIG. 9 opposite the opening 98 in the region indicated by the reference lines 102.
To adjust the flow from feeder passage 76 or 80 into the corresponding main or pilot passage 56 or 58, a bladed tool is used to rotate the sleeve member 90 to bring the opening 98 into a desired amount of overlap with the feeder passage 76 or 80. The bulge 100 tends to resiliently bias the sleeve member 90 to the side within the corresponding passage mouth and urges the tubular portion 94 toward the feeder passage to ensure a tight seal of the tubular portion 94 against the wall of the passage 56 or 58 to prevent leakage around the feeder passage opening.
As best seen in FIG. 4, the stem 34 is a hollow tubular body with its inner end swaged to a washer 104. A spring 106 biases the washer 104 forward against a bushing 108 attached to a front plate 110. The washer 104 has a radially inwardly extending tang 112 (FIG. 5) that drivingly engages a drive slot 114 at the forward end of the valve plug 72 (FIG. 4) so that rotation of the stem 34 results in rotation of the valve plug 72. An outwardly extending tang 116 (FIG. 5) of the washer 104 cooperates with limit abutments 118 on the front plate 110 to limit rotation of the stem 34 to about 270 degrees. In one limit position, the valve plug is in the off position, and blocks the inlet passage 48 to prevent the flow of gas into the inlet section 42 of the supply passage 40. The stem 34 can be rotated from the off position to any of a range of on positions in which the aperture 74 admits gas to the supply passage 42 and, by way of the feeder passages 76 and 79, to the pilot and main outlet ports 30 and 26. The range of on positions corresponds to a range of oven temperatures to be maintained by operation of the modulating valve assembly 54.
The temperature sensing device 18 is preferably a fluid filled bulb communicating through a capillary tube 120 with a diaphragm assembly 122 that expands as oven temperature increases. The capillary tube 120 terminates in a stud 124 attached to a back plate 125 by a nut 126. The interior of the stud 124 communicates with the interior of the diaphragm assembly 122, and a nib 128 having a threaded shank 130 is attached to the front of the diaphragm assembly 122. A spindle 132 is threaded onto the shank 130 and the valve member 52 is captured against the spindle 132 by an 0-ring 134, a cup member 136 and a spring 138. As the sensed temperature within the oven 12 increases, the expansion of the diaphragm assembly 122 moves the nib 128, spindle 132 and the valve member 52 forward toward the valve seat 46, decreasing gas flow through the modulating valve assembly from the inlet section 42 to the outlet section 44 of the supply passage 40.
Rotation of the stem 34 sets the thermostat 10 to heat the oven 12 to a selected temperature. Engagement of the washer tang 112 with the drive slot 114 permits the stem 34 to rotate the valve plug 72. A bushing 140 fixed to the valve plug 72 rotationally supports a sleeve 142 having a slotted head 144 at its forward end. A drive pin 146 is transversely supported at the rearward end of the sleeve 142. The drive pin 146 engages an elongated axial drive slot 148 in the forward end of the spindle 132. Rotation of the stem 34 and valve plug 72 causes the drive pin 144 to rotate the spindle 132 and the spindle is threaded forwardly or rearwardly along the shank 130 to decrease or increase the axial spacing between the valve member 52 and the diaphragm assembly 122. This varies the oven temperature corresponding to a given spacing between the valve member 52 and valve seat 46, thus setting a predetermined temperature to be maintained by the thermostat 10.
The thermostat 10 is calibrated in order to correct for manufacturing tolerances and other variables and to assure that the relation between stem position and set oven temperatures is correct. The thermostat 10 is calibrated by inserting a slotted tool into the hollow stem 34 and engaging the slotted head 144. The sleeve 142 is rotated while the stem 34 and valve plug 72 are stationary. This adjusts the axial position of the spindle 132 along the shank 130 so that in any given on position of the shank 34 and valve plug 72 the set oven temperature corresponds to the temperature desired by the user and indicated for example by indicia on a knob carried by the stem 34. Calibration is effected using the same threaded coupling that is used to set the operating temperature, resulting in a simple and inexpensive arrangement. In addition because the sleeve 142 is accessed from the front of the thermostat 10, the thermostat 10 can be calibrated after installation if needed because access to the back of the thermostat 10 is not required.
While the present invention has been described with reference to the details of the embodiment of the invention shown in the drawing, these details are not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed in the appended claims.
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|U.S. Classification||236/15.00A, 236/68.00B|
|International Classification||F23N5/02, F23N5/06, F23N1/00, F24C3/08, F24C3/12|
|Cooperative Classification||F23N5/027, F23N1/007, F24C3/087, F23N2027/22, F23N5/06, F23N2041/08, F24C3/128|
|European Classification||F24C3/08B2, F24C3/12F2, F23N5/02F, F23N1/00F|
|19 Jan 1999||AS||Assignment|
Owner name: HARPER-WYMAN COMPANY, ILLINOIS
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:WHITE, DAVID B.;WHITE, CHARLES S.;REEL/FRAME:009666/0857
Effective date: 19990105
|15 Jul 2002||AS||Assignment|
Owner name: APPLIANCE CONTROLS GROUP, INC., ILLINOIS
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:HARPER-WYMAN COMPANY;REEL/FRAME:013067/0292
Effective date: 20020531
|18 Jul 2002||AS||Assignment|
Owner name: TRANSAMERICA BUSINESS CAPITAL CORPORATION, AS AGEN
Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:APPLIANCE CONTROLS GROUP, INC.;REEL/FRAME:013081/0647
Effective date: 20020621
|6 Aug 2002||AS||Assignment|
Owner name: HILCO CAPITAL LP, ILLINOIS
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:APPLIANCE CONTROLS GROUP, INC.;REEL/FRAME:013146/0196
Effective date: 20020726
Owner name: HILCO CAPITAL LP, ILLINOIS
Free format text: SECURITY AGREEMENT;ASSIGNOR:APPLIANCE CONTROLS GROUP, INC.;REEL/FRAME:013146/0180
Effective date: 20020726
|9 Jun 2004||REMI||Maintenance fee reminder mailed|
|4 Aug 2004||AS||Assignment|
Owner name: BURNER SYSTEMS INTERNATIONAL, INC., TENNESSEE
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:APPLIANCE CONTROLS GROUP HOLDINGS, INC.;APPLIANCE CONTROLS GROUP, INC.;REEL/FRAME:014943/0183
Effective date: 20040726
|10 Aug 2004||AS||Assignment|
Owner name: JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, NEW YORK
Free format text: SECURITY AGREEMENT;ASSIGNOR:BURNER SYSTEMS INTERNATIONAL, INC.;REEL/FRAME:014964/0774
Effective date: 20040726
|13 Aug 2004||AS||Assignment|
Owner name: APPLIANCE CONTROLS GROUP, INC., ILLINOIS
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:HILCO CAPITAL, LP;REEL/FRAME:015676/0400
Effective date: 20040725
Owner name: APPLIANCE CONTROLS GROUP, INC., ILLINOIS
Free format text: RELEASE OF SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:HILCO CAPITAL, LP;REEL/FRAME:015676/0405
Effective date: 20040725
|22 Nov 2004||LAPS||Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees|
|18 Jan 2005||FP||Expired due to failure to pay maintenance fee|
Effective date: 20041121


text:
Complaints that the new iPhone loses signal strength soon began to flood in when it went on sale in the US three weeks ago.
It was dubbed the “death grip” problem when it became apparent that holding the phone with a bare hand could affect signal strength.
Jobs initially told users they were holding the phone in the wrong way – but the company then admitted that a faulty formula made the handsets overestimate signal strength.
The crisis grew after the US equivalent of Which?, Consumer Reports, said it could not recommend the phone because of the flaw.
Mr Jobs announced the giveaway at a press conference last night. He said: “This has been blown so out of proportion it’s incredible.
“We’re not perfect. Phones aren’t perfect. We want to make all our users happy, that’s what drives us to make these products in the first place.” Any iPhone 4 owners who get the rubber casing but are still not satisfied with their phone’s performance will be offered a full refund within a month.
The sleeves are available for anyone who has already bought the phone and for new buyers up until the end of September.
Apple’s share price, which fell about 1 per cent in the morning, climbed 1.3 per cent after Jobs’ comments.
The admission comes after it was claimed he knew about the problem before the phone went on sale.

domain: news


text:
Actress and Tv personality Ricki Lake's estranged husband has asked a U.S. judge to dismiss their pre-nuptial agreement amid allegations his estranged wife tricked him into signing the financial contract prior to their wedding in 2012.
Lake filed to end her marriage to Christian Evans last month (Oct14), citing irreconcilable differences.
She offered to pay Evans spousal support in the divorce, but the proceedings are on the verge of turning nasty after the jewellery designer filed legal papers seeking the invalidation of their pre-marriage contract.
In documents obtained by Tmz.com, Evans claims his ex committed fraud in convincing him to agree to the pre-nup, which specifies the amount of his spousal support payments, but he fails to go into further details about the allegation.
If his request is granted, Evans will be entitled to half of all of Lake's earnings during their marriage.
The divorce is Lake's second - the one-time talk show host ended her 10-year union to artist Rob Sussman in 2003.
With an appropriate explosion of humour and colour, this documentary traces the life of a...
John Waters first went mainstream with the 1988 classic Hairspray and then defied midnight-movie fans...

domain: celebrity


On October 17th, an International Exhibition and Conference “India Maritime 2012″ has officially commenced.
This International Exhibition and Conference is a joint initiative taken by the Ministry of Shipping, Government of India and Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry (FICCI) to provide a platform to all participants, delegates, business visitors and other key decision makers from shipping and other related industries to interact and explore new business avenues.
The show will provide tremendous opportunities to all the participating companies to enhance their brand values by display their products and services among the delegates and business visitors.
The Conference should expand knowledge on latest marine technology, upcoming port infrastructure projects, developments in shipbuilding, market mechanisms of shipping etc.
IndiaMaritime, October 19, 2012


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Hunting and Fishing was around for decades, but it really hit its target design-wise in the mid-to-late '30s. That red just pops on eve...
Searching for something?
Piel Frama, the leather shop based outside of Seville, makes a damned great looking iPad case! I ordered the mock croc and it's so beautiful that it feels sinful to even keep it in my purse. AND it comes it such a nice orange box! (AND they come in ostrich, too!)

domain: design


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The aspiring writer's guide to online editing tools
I am looking for creative video editors..even if you are new to this please apply .. I am looking for a creative person for a long time work. so, I need you to create a promo video on our website. WWW.ecomrules.com. If you are selected you will be getting huge projects from our company. I have attached our company logos and I need copyright free videos
Translation from English to Spanish for ONLYOFFICE Editors documentation (edited previously translated files and new files). 2191 words to be translated. The translation memory used in previous translations is included to the project file. Translation in SDL TRADOS Studio project file.
myself AVINASH KUMAR , founder and the CEO of a delhi based startup company LIFAFAZ , is seeking young photo editors. i can brief here the skills needed like Photoshop, lightroom , and many more editing softwares. BUT RATHER I WOULD SAY WE NEED PEOPLE WITH GOOD HEART AND ENTHUSIASM FOR DOING SOMETHING EXCITING AND NEW , NOT JUST FOR SALARY
...Extraordinary Sinacoris” is a series built for Youtube ! I am fillming around my home town Australia and will Upload footage for editing to the right FX artists and Video editors I need a couple of laser beams shot out of a fake ray gun and hitting a drone and also a criss hair aiming animation from the drones perspective...
Hello, I am an aspiring writer. I have long since wanted to go the traditional publishing route as opposed to self-publishing. I am inquiring after an editors work for a novel over fifty thousand words to get it publisher/agent ready.
Hello, PLEASE READ THE COMPLETE MESSAGE BEFORE REPLYING. We are looking for Wikipedia editors who have experience getting pages live on Wikipedia (writing and uploading). The subject will be notable and has press articles. We have multiple pages that we need uploaded. You must not be a new editor. Milestones will be created but will be released
Hi! I'm a professional retoucher, I from Ukraine. For more than 6 years I have been working with various image editors. It is important for me to keep your emotions and moments of your life in the photo. The last three years I live in Asia on the paradise island of Phuket, so I work remotely, as well as with local companies.I will be glad to work on

domain: artistic


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check back soon for our work sample trailer now in progress . . .
Boulder in Black and WhiteBoulder, Colorado, prides itself on being beautiful, welcoming, inclusive, and politically progressive. Yet in the last census, African-Americans made up only 1.2% of its population. In 2019, the community saw two racially-charged policing incidents involving black citizens. The documentary film, tentatively entitled Boulder in Black and White, explores the gap between Boulder’s progressive self-image and the more complex lived experiences—both historical and contemporary—of its black citizens.
Established in 1859 on land expropriated from the Southern Arapaho, Boulder was unusual from the beginning. At a time when homestead land was available at a little over a dollar an acre, Boulder’s founders were selling lots for $1000 and imposing special rules for how cabins had to be constructed. These foundational gestures of Boulder as a beautiful and expensive place to live became a lasting legacy.
Black families have been in Boulder continuously since the 1870s. They faced discrimination in housing, employment, education, health care, criminal justice, and social activities. By the turn of the 20th century, three institutions dominated Boulder’s skyline: the University of Colorado, the Boulder Sanitarium, and Chautauqua Park – each engaging in practices of racial discrimination that shaped the city’s character, but are little recalled today. After 1910, the black population began to shrink, but it nonetheless persevered. Many young people left for Denver or other places of greater opportunity and diversity, but some stayed, working hard to build the black community and contribute to the broader community. By the 1920’s, Boulder had become a rallying point for the Ku Klux Klan. After World War II, Boulder acquired a reputation for political liberalism, yet established habits of racial segregation continued. In the 1970s, however, with the arrival of the federal labs and IBM, employment and housing opened up.
The 2019 video of police harassing a black Naropa student performing his work-study job cleaning up the grounds of his student housing galvanized a community-wide conversation on the subject of race. Our film interviews a cross-section of Boulderites to capture aspects of this conversation and the issues it has raised. The film’s contemporary black characters share their experiences of harassment and their cultural isolation, what they like about their city, and their efforts to work toward equity and inclusion.
Boulder in Black and White seeks to open up a space for dialogue about Boulder, the increasingly gentrified future toward which it seems to be heading, and whether a more economically and racially diverse future is possible.
The film, currently in production, relies on historic photographs and oral histories from the Carnegie Library and other collections, as well as contemporary footage of people and events in Boulder. It has received fiscal sponsorship (nonprofit status) from the Denver Film Society. The filmmakers are Beret E. Strong and John Tweedy of Landlocked Films and Katrina Miller of Blackat Productions. We are hoping for a 2021 release of the film. To learn more, please be in touch with beret @ landlockedfilms[dot]com. To support the cash costs of making Boulder in Black and White, please donate here.
If you would like your donation to be tax-deductible, please send a check to The Denver Film Society, 1510 York St., 3rd Floor, Denver, CO 80206. Important note: It’s essential that you indicate on the check’s memo line or in an enclosed note the name of the film your gift supports.
photos courtesy of Carnegie Library for Local History, Museum of Boulder collection

domain: library


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"In the Universe, there are things that are known and others that are unknown,
and between them, there are doors."
A labyrinth in which a singular square appears behind each corner, indiscreet windows muted by "Alicantinas" who watch over the flight of the swallow and ruins that belonged to another Valencia. The act of crossing then becomes a serendipity that without further ado brings us special moments, the anisotropy in which each corner becomes special.
The project consists of an adaptation of the space to a home-studio for a freelance creative.
The main keys will revolve around making the most of the location and the qualities of the apartment, as well as looking for a language that puts it in relation to the history of the neighborhood.
The materials and constructive solutions of the proposal are full of references to the neighborhood and its balconies as a means of relationship between its neighbors.
Location: El Carmen (Valencia)
Photographer: Adrián Mora Maroto
Collaborating companies: Porcelanosa, ArkosLight, Punt, Andreu World, Bolia, GAN.


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The novel Coronavirus has forced the country to go on a lock down mode for nearly a month now. People are largely confined to their homes and are advised to follow social distancing. Except for buying essential items, people aren’t encouraged to move out. People are expected to follow the instructions and those flout the rules are punished. The timely lockdown announcement has helped the country to avoid community transmission.
These are testing times for the country but following the rules is critical to prevent community spread. Staying put at home can be frustrating. Not many people can handle the routine, Eat, Sleep, and Repeat for long. But you think of it as an opportunity to indulge in their hobbies. Online gaming has been a great pastime for millions of Indians for some year. The astronomical growth of online gaming industry should indicate its popularity.
Online Gaming to your rescue this lockdown
No longer would you need to visit game stations as your smartphones are well equipped for games. Modern smartphones are a great tool for gaming aside from watching multimedia content. People can enjoy a variety of online gaming genres from the comfort of their living rooms using their mobile phones. From action and adventure, to skill and strategy based card games there are plenty of options available. Online card games like Rummy have been the front runner among the games preferred by the Indian gamers for sometime. In fact, the online card gaming industry has been the leading revenue generator for sometime in the Indian gaming industry.
As fantasy sports sites are more or less dormant due to lack of live events outside, Online card game sites have picked the momentum. Online Rummy sites like Deccan Rummy have seen tremendous spike in their gaming activity.
Deccan Rummy claims to have at least 40% spike in the number of registrations in the recent lockdown days. People reportedly are spending more than 60% more time compared what they used to do prior to the lockdown. Contrary to the popular perception, online card gaming is not just for city-bred audiences. If recent registrations are anything to go by, there are far more players in tier-2 and tier-3 towns than cities.
“As other modes of entertainment are not an option at the moment, online rummy remains a popular option for stay-at-home entertainment”says Thamaraikannan, Head of Operations at DeccanRummy.com.
Rummy – Ubiquitous entertainment
Rummy has been ubiquitous hobby in India even before the advent of the Internet. No wonder, Rummy fitted comfortably in the online sphere than the other games. As People were already familiar with rummy rules and how to play rummy, the online rummy platforms tapped this familiarity and grew big.
Rummy is a game which requires you to brainstorm. As a player, it’s a test of your analytical skills, memory, critical thinking skills, and decision-making. With online rummy, you get to test your skills against a player at an entirely different geographic location. Who doesn’t love a healthy competition? Moreover, online rummy platforms give you an opportunity to win real cash prizes something that’s not possible with other games like PubG.
In terms of challenge, online rummy is up there with other strategy games. Just in case the player feels monotonous they can switch to an entirely different variant. Yes! Online rummy sites offer multiple rummy variants – Points Rummy, Pool Rummy, and Deals Rummy.
Sites like Deccan Rummy offer 24/7 rummy entertainment with multiple tables running at the same time. They also have rummy tournaments running entirely throughout the day, just in case the player needs a challenging environment. At these times of social distancing and lack of physical activity, multi-player online games like rummy may be a good option to get connected and socialize.

domain: hobby


This one-day event was aimed at Pension Fund accountants using the accounts as the “anchor” for practically based training supplemented by exercises to reinforce the learning. We used a line-by-line approach to de-construct the accounts allowing learners to understand how the regulatory and financial reporting framework impinges on the various operations which form the Pension Fund.
The Local Government Pension Scheme (LGPS) is a heavily regulated area of activity currently subject to a lot of change both operationally through legislation and as a result of new financial reporting requirements. Even more change is likely in the future following the Hutton report and the current Public Service Pensions Bill. Over and above this there is a layer of specific governance requirements, such as the Pensions Ombudsman, The Pensions Regulator and the requirement for annual reports, not seen elsewhere within local government.
Coupled with the above is the increasingly complex world of Pension Fund operations as:
- Funds rely increasingly on third parties for much of the information required for financial reporting, raising questions about where the pension fund obtains assurance for its accounts from.
- Funds move into increasingly more complex areas of financial instruments to improve investment returns. This increases the risk of mis-reporting by pension funds.
- Reputational risk to funds and the risk of financial loss through not understanding the instruments being invested in.
Download LGPS Fund Accounting - 2013-2014 (PDF, 1.7MB)


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***This shirt runs small, we recommend ordering one size larger than your regular size.***
Perfect for the warmer months or when manual work is required, the Moorland Shirt is made from 100% natural cotton making it lightweight, soft, and breathable.
The shirts are pre-washed making them skin-friendly. The design has a button-down collar, coconut buttons, as well as roll-up sleeves.
Material: 100% Cotton


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The Lost Labels Podcast is my love letter to the music that I am too young to have experienced firsthand.
When I discover music from the late 1970s and early 1980s, I am constantly impressed by how much a record label can tell me before I even drop the needle. Ork, Beserkley, Stiff, Radar, Clone, Bomp!, Spy, Ze…each conjures up a different mood, a different attitude.
The Lost Labels Podcast is dedicated to digging into the history of these and other seminal rock ‘n’ roll record labels, both well-known and forgotten. It is my hope that such a podcast might shed light on unjustly overlooked gems of punk, power pop, rockabilly, psychedelic, and new wave. Many of these albums are long-out of print and do not exist in digital form, practically unheard of in today’s day and age, but still deserve to be discovered (or rediscovered) by modern listeners.
In each half-hour episode of the Lost Labels Podcast we feature an interview with one or more of the artists who contributed to the vibrant punk/post-punk/new wave scene on both sides of the Atlantic. From Wreckless Eric and Any Trouble to the Voidoids and Pezband, my goal is to document and preserve as much of the alternative music scene of the late 1970s and early 1980s as possible.

domain: history


The Veggie Station, located on 2406-B Broad St., recently opened shop. The owners, Chris and Ann McCormick of Cassatt, originally started with a vegetable truck making stops around Camden to sell produce two years ago. The business has now expanded to it's new location which is open Monday through Friday 10 a.m. to 7 p.m. and Saturdays 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. The McCormicks still operate the truck around town occasionally. The Veggie Station sells produce and specialty items such as jams, jellies, fruits, vegetables, hot sauces, glazes, Charleston tea, Blenheim ginger ale, Amish noodles ...
At the Town Green event a couple of weekends ago, I had a lengthy conversation with Councilman Pat Partin about council's vision to grow Camden. He suggested that I get a copy of the Camden vision plan, so I would be informed. At his suggestion, I got a copy and I studied the plan recommendations which, as Mayor Jeffrey Graham stated in the Chronicle-Independent, "It encapsulates hours of citizens input along with the opinion of professional city planners. It is a combination of where our citizens said they want our city to go and what steps we should take ...
A call to help hostages being held at his neighbor's house backfired on the man who reported it.
I saw some pictures from the royal wedding. The bride was very pretty. But she was out-done by some of the guests. These ladies wore hats that were -- well, different. Someone explained to me that one of the important things is for the ladies to wear a hat. It must be different from the one she wore to the last wedding she attended. I guess that she will wear a dress, perhaps even a new one. But the hat is the thing.
Photo cutline -- Tullie Fellers helps Paul Woodward with his tennis swing as his brother, Nathan, looks on. Fellers, who recently graduated with a perfect 4.0 average from Clemson with a double major in chemistry and German, was also awarded Clemson's highest non-academic award, the Algernon Sydney Sullivan Award, for public service.
Her name is synonymous with gardening. Through her work with Master Gardeners and as a gardening author and columnist, Margot Rochester enriched the lives of many both in and beyond Kershaw County.
Lugoff-Elgin Middle School recently saluted its South Carolina Junior Scholars. Students achieve Junior Scholar status by either scoring 50 or higher in verbal, math or writing on the PSAT or by participating in Duke University's Talent Identification Program (TIP) during their seventh-grade year. The honored students included (first row, from left) Mallory Register, Aubrey Edgerton, Evelyn (McCrae) Watson, Hannah Ranson, Jessica Stockman, Mary (Matheson) Deese, Makayla Rippy, (second row) Jousha Hinson, Connor Tully, Zane Nayfeh, Daniel McAvoy, Christopher Wilder, Stephen Christianson, (third row) Steve Berry, Chandler Brittian and Austen Haney.
Dorothy Mae Reed Davis, 64, of Chesnut Street, Camden, died Friday, May 20, 2011.
A memorial service honoring the life of Robert P. Dean, of Camden, shall be held at 2:00 PM Thursday, May 26, 2011 at Grace Episcopal Church, Lyttleton Street, Camden, SC. Inurnment will be in the Memorial Garden. The Reverend Philip Whitehead will officiate. The family will receive friends in Richardson Hall following the service. Memorials may be made in Mr. Dean's memory to Grace Episcopal Church, 1315 Lyttleton Street, Camden, SC 29020.
Donald Eugene Newsome, 78, of Sumter, died Monday, May 23, 2011 at his home.
Mrs. Sarah Presley Drakeford, 88, of 2208 Pickett Street, Camden died Monday. Family Friends may call at 1310 Old River Road, Camden. Funeral arrangements are incomplete and will be announced at a later date by Brown's Funeral Home, Camden, who is serving the Drakeford Family.
Funeral service for Margie Phyllis Flynn Horton, 78, will be held Wednesday at 2:00 p.m. at Bethel United Methodist Church, Lancaster, with burial to follow in the church cemetery. The Rev. Ricki Phipps and the Rev. Danny Johnson will officiate. The family received friends Tuesday 6-8 p.m. at Powers Funeral Home, Lugoff. Memorials may be made to KershawHealth Hospice.
Army Pfc. Cameron J. McKenzie has graduated from basic combat training at Fort Jackson, Columbia, S.C.
Polo, barbecue will benefit Montessori Learning Center
WASHINGTON -- President Obama's new outreach initiative to help at-risk boys of color -- "My Brother's Keeper" -- is cause for cheer.
This is a simple question, and the answer is not simple, but there is something that we can all do to help, and we can do it right now -- today.
We aren't very keen on so-called super PACS, those political organizations which spend limitless money promoting one viewpoint or another. They buy huge blocks of television and radio time, along with newspaper ads, to launch attack ads against candidates, with much of the material in the ads questionable at best. Super PACS are a sad sign of what our political process has become.
A pair of Kershaw County wrestlers recorded top three finishes while another came home in fourth from last weekend's South Carolina High School League state championships held at the Anderson Civic Center.
Randy Stokes was fine with the 11 hits which his Lugoff-Elgin baseball team piled up in Saturday's 4-2 loss to Mid-Carolina at River Bluff High School.
On Saturday, March 22, the Camden Coin club will hold its annual Spring Coin Show at the Camden Recreation Department on Hwy. #1 South in Camden.
Emergency managers from across South Carolina are meeting this week at the annual S.C. Emergency Management Association Conference in Myrtle Beach. Among those training for disaster preparedness is Lugoff Fire-Rescue (LF-R) Chief Dennis Ray, who also serves as the public information officer for Kershaw County Emergency Mangement.
An Elgin man arrested twice for separate instances of sexually assaulting young girls will spent the next 18 years behind bars.
Due to recent inclement weather, Friday will be a regular school day for Kershaw County School District (KCSD) students. The 2013-14 KCSD calendar approved in December of 2012 originally indicated that Friday would be a professional development day for teachers unless needed as an inclement weather make up day.
The Camden Community Concert Band (CCCB) will present its winter concert on Sunday at the Performing Arts Center at Camden High School. Start time is 3 p.m. and admission is free. The CCCB is under direction of founding conductor Pat Wylie. This concert season ia Wylie's last as conductor. After more than 30 years as the band's leader, he ia stepping down as the conductor. "We are dedicating this season to Pat," said Johnny Deal, the band's business manager. "Pat is the reason the CCCB has been in our community for over 30 years."


text: Effortlessly elegant, this luxurious belted jacket is crafted from a blend of Italian wool and cashmere to keep you warm against chilly commutes. Its streamlined silhouette and menswear-inspired fit make it a go-to piece that transcends trends and seasons. Notched lapels Long sleeves Front double breasted button close Belted waist Side slip pockets Lined Wool/cashmere Dry clean Made in Italy SIZE & FIT Regular fit About 50" from shoulder to hem Model shown is 5'10" (177cm) wearing a US size 4 ABOUT THE BRAND Max Mara's history of impeccable tailoring dates back to 1850, when founder Achille Maramotti's great grandmother owned a fashion atelier in Italy. Since its official launch in 1951, incredible craftsmanship has remained an integral part of the label's heritage-from its timeless silhouettes in luxe fabrics to sharp suiting, lush wrap coats and sleek accessories. Designer Lifestyle - Max Mara > Saks Fifth Avenue > Barneys. Max Mara. Color: Camel. Size: 16.


Re: Tank Car Capacities
Dennis captured the gist of it, but here are a few more details concerning the shell and dome volumes both being listed in the tariffs.
1. Starting in 1917, all new general purpose tank cars (MCB/ARA Class II and III, later ICC 103 and 104) had to built with a minimum dome volume of 2% of the total car volume (shell plus dome). So, a 10,000 gal car needed a dome a bit bigger than 200 gallons. Allowing for variation in the shell size, many builders used 210 gal domes to achieve this minimum. But many cars were built with larger domes: ca. 270 gal (~2.6%) or 340 gal (~3.4%) as but two examples. Similar patterns can be seen in the tariffs for 8000 gal cars, i.e., 165 was the minimum, but you can find lots of 210- and 265-gal domes.
2. Based on the 1923 ICC regulations (a revision of the 1918 regs which I don't have), "inflammable" liquids shipped in uninsulated cars had to have adequate room for expansion. The numerical values of that extra space depended on two things, the expansion coefficient of the particular commodity, and the temperature at which it was loaded. This was captured in an "outage chart" which allowed for a quick graphical calculation of the needed volume. For example, gasoline or naptha loaded at 55 F required an expansion volume of ~2.5%, not the 2.0 % offered by the dome of some cars. But, the same liquid loaded at 75 F could be legally loaded into a car with a 2.0% dome.
3. Dennis is correct in that, if the dome volume was not adequate, the additional expansion volume could achieved by not filling the car to the very top of the shell (BTW, filling part of all of the dome itself was strictly verboten). Apparently, this was routinely accomplished by using an outage table that was unique to each car volume and geometry, and supplied by the builder (I have seen a couple). Each table would show how many gallons of headspace would be gained by filling to 1, 2, 3, 4, etc. inches below level-full. This strikes me as something of a chore compared to being able to simply top off the shell, and may help explain the apparent popularity of cars with larger domes.
Certainly the tariff books must have been a convenient resource. Any car rolling into a loading facility could be quickly looked up, and the adequacy of the dome volume for that particular situation (commodity and temperature) immediately assessed.
Of course the tongue-in-cheek answer to Lester's question is that the tariff books exist to facilitate the research of rail-fans and modelers. The tank and dome volumes are incredibly useful tools for identifying blocks of identical cars and then relating them back to the manufacturer (and sometimes the build year). Mike Schleigh and I have untangled a large fraction of the Sinclair fleet, in no small part due to the tariffs (Ian, thank you again for your yeoman's effort on these books).
On Friday, November 10, 2017 5:49 AM, "destorzek@... [STMFC]" wrote:
---In STMFC@..., wrote :
I purchased and received in the mail the book titled Tank Car Capacities Tariff, Freight Tariff 300-H, from 1955, showing capacities of tank cars. The book was digitized by Ian Cranston and reproduced by Lulu. The book provides the capacity of a tank car in gallons for the shell and dome. I do not understand why the gallons would need to be split between the two rather than just the total of the two together. Does someone know what the purpose of providing numbers for the shell and dome separately was? Thank You in advance for your time and effort to help.
The shell capacity is the actual amount you can ship in the car; the dome capacity allows you to calculate the percentage available for expansion, so you can adjust the amount you load if the expansion is not adequate for your particular commodity.


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- See all features
Sirena is a fully renovated, two bedroom beach cottage, one with a queen bed and other with double bed,reverse air-conditioning, a gourmet kitchen with nespresso coffee machine, bbq, dvd player, stereo with ipod jack, fridge, microwave, sun drenched deck, and all 50 metres from our most stunning piece of coastline.
Both Serina and Nauitica (twin cottage next door) have featured in Country Style magazine.
Currarong is located 2.5hrs from Sydney, 3hrs from Canberra and 20min east of Nowra.
Sirena is perfectly positioned 50mtrs from the Newsagent, general store/bottleshop and cafe.
To the east 50mtrs is arguably the coasts best rockpool with sandy bottom, steps and snorkling. Next to this is the safe and friendly Bossom Beach. The Bowling club is about 600mtrs west, a nice walk, but a quick call will see the courtesy bus call past and drop you home if needed.
Tennis courts are next door to Sirena and a childs playground beyond that.
Things to do
Currarong and Sirena allow you to do as much or as little as you wish during your stay.
For the active, there is bushwalking, snorkling, tennis, fishing, bowling, all within walking distance.
In the car we recommend a trip of approx 5kms out to the lighthouse, through the National Park for spectacular views and if your lucky some whale/dolphin watching. Honeymoon Bay is there as well and a prettier beach you could not hope for.
Sirena has 2 decks, one inside, one out, perfect for reading or entertaining or just lying in the hammock letting the world go by.
Zacs seafood cafe, 50mtrs, is excellent, with all fish caught locally by Zac himself. Bookings needed in Summer. BYO.
We loved our time at this very cute cottage.They had thought of everything.So close to the water and beautiful rock pools.On our first day we saw whales of the headland just awsome. Amazing walks all at our fingertips.So much to explore!We wil be back perfect!0 people found this review to be helpful. 0 people found this review to not be helpful.
Our family fo four had a wonderful time at Sirena. The location was absolutely unbeatable with the rockpools, Abrahams Bosom Beach and the creek all within 5 minutes walk. We took a short bushwalk to the wreck on our last day and were lucky enough to see four humpback whales, breaching and frollicking right there in front of us. An experience we will never forget I am sure. Currarong is the coasts best kept secret. The house itself was very nicely renovated with the added bonus of linen included. French doors from the living room onto the deck, and from each bedroom were especially gorgeous. Very open and airy. The perfect size for a little family, though I would love to come back without the kids one day, as it would be a very romantic holiday for two. The hammock was a huge hit with the kids and the deck was perfect for soaking up the afternoon sun. We would be more than happy to recommend Sirena to anyone wanting a easy, happy, beach holiday.0 people found this review to be helpful. 0 people found this review to not be helpful.
I'm afraid to say how much we enjoyed ourselves here in case it becomes too popular! This is a comfortable, stylish property just a walk away from the beach and hiking tracks. Currarong is a very quiet town and this was a great place to relax. Fantastic kitchen and common areas, but it may be a little small for two couples wanting privacy. We will not hesitate to return.0 people found this review to be helpful. 0 people found this review to not be helpful.
- Clothes dryer
- Cooking Facilities
- DVD player
- Ironing Facilities
- Linen Supplied
- Pets allowed
- Tennis Courts
- Washing Machine
Last minute deal exceptions being Public Holidays only.
Last minute deal!
Stay before 13 Dec 2013 for 25% off.
Note: Pricing is subject to change, and a minimum stay period and other conditions may apply. You should confirm pricing with the property owner.
Prices listed based on 4 adults. Property has 2 beds and can sleep a maximum 4 people.
Request a booking or make an enquiry
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domain: geography


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Language: The Language Barrier, Nature
Excerpts: Some researchers think that the evolution of languages can be understood by treating them like genomes ¡X but many linguists don't want to hear about it. (...)
Just as species can shade off into a maddening continuum of subspecies, populations and hybrids, languages dissolve into an untidy collection of dialects and intermediate forms. And the rampant borrowing of words between languages resembles, graphically at least, the promiscuous horizontal gene transfer that microbes engage in.
There are limits to the analogy. It is unclear, for example, what the 'selection pressures' are for language, if any.
Prior Knowledge Versus Constructed Knowledge: What Impact On Learning?, Adv. Complex Sys.
Excerpts: The aim of this paper is to model the process of learning within a social network and compare the levels of learning in two different situations: one where individuals know others' competencies as given data and interact on this basis; and one where individuals know nothing about others' competencies but rather build this knowledge over time, according to their past interactions. For this purpose, we build an agent-based model, and model these two scenarios of simulations. (...) Results also show that learning is easier when there is no prior knowledge of others' competencies. (...)
Science & Music: Lost In Music, Nature
Excerpts: Never has so much music been so easily available. Go online, and you can download millions of recordings, from Spanish flamenco to Inuit throat singing. As a consequence, people are aware of the diversity of 'world musics' as never before.
But this rich cacophony is the soundtrack to a collapse in the diversity of musical minds. A Nigerian group might sing in Yoruba, but the harmonies are thoroughly Western. Native American Navajo singers make valiant efforts to preserve their traditions, but to the trained musicologist, their singing bears the unmistakable imprint of Western scales.
How A Thriving Social Life Can Boost Lifespan, New Scientist
Excerpts: It has been suggested that humans and other vertebrates live longer if they have more social interactions, and now this has been verified - in fruit flies. (...)
Mutant flies that shared a home with younger flies, or non-mutants, lived longer and were more mobile than those sharing a home with similar-aged flies. They were also more resistant to the effects of extreme physical exertion, heat and oxidative stress.
Impairing the movement or activity of younger flies reduced this effect, suggesting that social interaction with the younger flies through courtship, aggression, or grooming, plays a key role in increasing the lifespan of the older flies. "Social activity is the key," says Wu.
Study Finds Big Social Factor in Quitting Smoking, NY Times
Excerpts: For years, smokers have been exhorted to take the initiative and quit: use a nicotine patch, chew nicotine gum, take a prescription medication that can help, call a help line, just say no. But a new study finds that stopping is seldom an individual decision.
Smokers tend to quit in groups, the study finds, which means smoking cessation programs should work best if they focus on groups rather than individuals. It also means that people may help many more than just themselves by quitting: quitting can have a ripple effect prompting an entire social network to break the habit.
With Age Comes A Sense Of Peace And Calm: Population Research Center Study Shows, Innovations-report
Excerpts: Aging brings a sense of peace and calm, according to a new study (...). Starting at about age 60, participants reported more feelings of ease and contentment than their younger counterparts. (...) The findings reveal aging is associated with more positive than negative emotions, and more passive than active emotions, Ross said. Previous research on emotions associated with aging focused on negative emotions, such as depression. However, a second dimension underlying emotions is an active versus passive dimension, which is less studied, but may be important in explaining how emotions shift as people age, according to the researchers. (...)
When Your Memories Can No Longer Be Trusted, ScienceDaily
Excerpts: You went to a wedding yesterday. The service was beautiful, the food and drink flowed and there was dancing all night. But people tell you that you are in hospital, that you have been in hospital for weeks, and that you didn't go to a wedding yesterday at all. The experience of false memories like this following neurological damage is known as confabulation. The reasons why patients experience false memories such as these has largely remained a mystery. (...) neuroimaging studies have associated memory-control processes which are assumed to underlie confabulation with the right lateral prefrontal cortex. (...).
Eyewitness Identification: Line-Ups On Trial, Nature
Excerpts: A major, but flawed, study of identity parades, or line-ups, has set science and the police at odds. (...)
The group immediately homed in on the fact that most line-ups are overseen by the case's investigating officer, who knows the suspect's identity. For scientists, this is a major error: even something as seemingly objective as a clinical trial can be affected if the nurse who administers the injection knows whether the syringe contains a drug or a placebo. It is all but impossible for an experimenter - or an investigating officer - to avoid giving away the 'right' answer through body language, tone of voice or other such unconscious hints.
Global Report On Conflict, Governance And State Fragility 2008, Foreign Policy Bull.
Excerpts: (...) Systems analysis necessarily focuses on the complex relations between dynamics (human agency and environmental forces) and statics (physical and social attributes, conditions, and structures). Basic societal-systems analysis must take into account the interconnectedness of three key, or fundamental, dimensions: conflict, governance, and development (...). Available technology largely determines the size and complexity of viable societal-systems. The qualities, and prospects, of each of the three fundamental dimensions of societal-systems critically affects the qualities of the other two dimensions to such a degree that it is not possible to meaningfully analyze one dimension without taking the other two into account. (...)
Dutch Robot Flame Walks Like A Human, PhysOrg.com
TU Delft is a pioneer of the other method used for constructing walking robots, based on the way humans walk. This is really very similar to falling forward in a controlled fashion. Adopting this method replaces the cautious, rigid way in which robots walk with the more fluid, energy-efficient movement used by humans.
TU Delft is leading in constructing walking robots which are based on the way humans walk. Credit: TU Delft
PhD student Daan Hobbelen has demonstrated for the first time that a robot can be both energy-efficient and highly stable. His breakthrough came in inventing a suitable method for measuring the stability of the way people walk for the first time.
Religion Is A Product Of Evolution, Software Suggests, New Scientist
By distilling religious belief into a genetic predisposition to pass along unverifiable information, the program predicts that religion will flourish. However, religion only takes hold if non-believers help believers out - perhaps because they are impressed by their devotion.
"If a person is willing to sacrifice for an abstract god then people feel like they are willing to sacrifice for the community," says James Dow, (...), who wrote the program - called Evogod (download the code here).
Differential Rescue of Light- and Food-Entrainable Circadian Rhythms, Science
Excerpts: When hungry, rodents may optimize their chances of finding food by engaging a food-entrained circadian clock in the brain that takes over from the light-driven clock.
When food is plentiful, circadian rhythms of animals are powerfully entrained by the light-dark cycle. However, if animals have access to food only during their normal sleep cycle, they will shift most of their circadian rhythms to match the food availability. We studied the basis for entrainment of circadian rhythms by food and light in mice with targeted disruption of the clock gene Bmal1, which lack circadian rhythmicity.
Matching Tumors To Drugs - A Clinical Trial Offers A First Step Toward Personalizing Cancer Treatments., Technology Review
Excerpts: "The ultimate goal is to take a molecular fingerprint of someone's tumor and assign treatment based on molecular defects."
Standard cancer drugs are designed to preferentially kill cancer cells, but they can still be toxic to normal tissue. But cancer researchers have been working toward the goal of developing an array of drugs that could hit precise molecular targets in tumors, while being less toxic to normal cells. For example, non-small-cell lung cancer is an aggressive form of cancer that is typically treated with chemotherapy; however, in recent years, new drugs for the disease have been developed that target a specific molecule in cancer cells, called the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR).
Unlocking The Promise Of Clinical And Translational Science, ScienceDaily
Excerpts: If you were sick, wouldn't you prefer a customized medical treatment that works specifically for you? Or a treatment that prevents you from ever getting sick in the first place? The emerging field of clinical and translational science provides the bridging force that transforms lab discoveries into customized, patient-specific therapy. (...) "Diseases ultimately originate from abnormalities in the individual molecules controlling the function of normal cells. Defining those molecules and their normal and abnormal interactions for each disease state creates opportunities to repair malfunctions and restore cells to normal health," explains Waldman. (...)
The Inner Lives of Sponges, Science
Excerpts: Symbiotic ties, bioactive compounds, and mysterious distributions of bacteria characterize these ancient invertebrates (...)
One of evolution's more ancient animals, sponges at first glance seem quite simple--little more than loose consortiums of semiautonomous cells, stuck in one place filtering food from the water column. But a closer look reveals a surprising twist. "With many species, under the microscope you see almost exclusively bacteria" among the cells, says Piel, an organic chemist at the University of Bonn in Germany.
- Source: The Inner Lives of Sponges, Gretchen Vogel, DOI: 10.1126/science.320.5879.1028, Science: Vol. 320. no. 5879, pp. 1028 - 1030, 08/05/23
Biophysics: Cells Get In Shape For A Crawl, Nature
Excerpts: A cell's shape changes as it moves along a surface. The forward-thinking cytoskeletal elements are all for progress, but the conservative cell membrane keeps them under control by physically opposing their movement.
The ability of living cells to move affects the way our bodies develop, fight off infections and heal wounds. Moreover, cell migration is an extremely complex process, which explains why it has captured the collective imaginations of a variety of fields, from the biological and the physical sciences.
Cell 'Organs' Get Plastic Upgrades, New Scientist
Excerpts: Meier says the artificial organelles would also work in other human cells, opening up the possibility of a new cancer therapy that tricks diseased cells into poisoning themselves from the inside out.
An advanced chemotherapy technique involves giving patients a harmless "prodrug" that only becomes toxic in the presence of a particular enzyme. This enzyme bonds to an antibody that seeks out cancer but ignores healthy cells - this means the drug will only become active around cancerous cells.
Confusing Kinships, Science
Excerpts: Understanding microbial evolution and ecology rests on a solid classification system, but coming up with one is difficult. (...)
Not only are bacteria and their ilk amazingly diverse, but genes cross species lines so frequently that researchers argue whether microbial species exist at all. At stake is much more than the esoteric record-keeping of taxonomists, (...): "This is about our fundamental understanding of evolution." Without rigorously categorizing diversity, "we're really stuck."
- Source: Confusing Kinships, John Bohannon, DOI: 10.1126/science.320.5879.1031, Science : 1031-1033, 08/05/23
The Microbial Engines That Drive Earth's Biogeochemical Cycles, Science
Excerpts: Virtually all nonequilibrium electron transfers on Earth are driven by a set of nanobiological machines composed largely of multimeric protein complexes associated with a small number of prosthetic groups. These machines evolved exclusively in microbes early in our planet's history yet, despite their antiquity, are highly conserved. Hence, although there is enormous genetic diversity in nature, there remains a relatively stable set of core genes coding for the major redox reactions essential for life and biogeochemical cycles.
Microbial Ecology of Ocean Biogeochemistry: A Community Perspective, Science
Excerpts: The oceans harbor a tremendous diversity of marine microbes. Different functional groups of bacteria, archaea, and protists arise from this diversity to dominate various habitats and drive globally important biogeochemical cycles. Explanations for the distribution of microbial taxa and their associated activity often focus on resource availability and abiotic conditions. However, the continual reshaping of communities by mortality, allelopathy, symbiosis, and other processes shows that community interactions exert strong selective pressure on marine microbes.
Microbiology: Bacteria Are Picky About Their Homes on Human Skin, Science
Excerpts: Julie Segre is touring the microbial landscape of our body's biggest organ, the skin. In anticipation of a $115 million, 5-year effort by the U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH), she's traveling from head to toe, conducting a census of some of the trillions of bacteria that live within and upon human skin. Although their project is just getting off the ground, Segre, a geneticist at the National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) in Bethesda, Maryland, and her colleagues have already uncovered a surprising diversity and distribution among skin bacteria.
Linear And Nonlinear Processing In Hair Cells, J. Experi. Biol.
Excerpt: Mechanosensory hair cells in the ear are exquisitely responsive to minute sensory inputs, nearly to the point of instability. Active mechanisms bias the transduction apparatus and subsequent electrical amplification away from saturation in either the negative or positive direction, to an operating point where the response to small signals is approximately linear. An active force generator coupled directly to the transducer enhances sensitivity and frequency selectivity, and counteracts energy loss to viscous drag. Active electrical amplification further enhances gain and frequency selectivity. In both cases, nonlinear properties may maintain the system close to instability, as evidenced by small spontaneous oscillations, (...).
- Source: Linear And Nonlinear Processing In Hair Cells, W. M. Roberts - billruoregon.edu, M. A. Rutherford, DOI: 10.1242/jeb.017616, Journal of Experimental Biology, 2008/06/01, online 2008/05/19
- Contributed by Pritha Das - prithadas01yahoo.com
Community Ecology: All That Makes Fungus Gardens Grow, Science
Excerpts: Fifty million years ago, while the earliest primates were still scurrying from tree to tree, scrounging fruits and insects, attine ants were growing their own food. They were so adept at domesticating mushrooms that hundreds of species have descended from the original farmers, all of them cultivating fungi.
Humans could learn a lot from the ants' success. Over the past 10 years, researchers have come to realize that the fungus gardens thrive because of an intricate web of bacteria and fungi that includes both pests, such as a newly discovered black yeast, and partners, including bacteria that keep pathogens in check.
Global Warming: Hurricanes Won't Go Wild, According to Climate Models, Science
Excerpts: Two new model studies project a modest increase or even a decrease in the frequency and intensity of Atlantic tropical cyclones. (...)
But even some of those involved in the studies urge caution in interpreting the results. "I'm much less sanguine about models solving the problem," (...). There's still too much messiness beneath the surface of all such studies, he says.
Using two different approaches, both model studies tweak the big global climate models to simulate tropical cyclones. Global climate models can't form tropical cyclones because their picture of the atmosphere is too fuzzy. (...)
Complex Networks: from Biology to Information Technology, J. Phys. A
Excerpt: The field of complex networks is one of the most active areas in contemporary statistical physics. Ten years after seminal work initiated the modern study of networks, interest in the field is in fact still growing, as indicated by the ever increasing number of publications in network science. The reason for such a resounding success is most likely the simplicity and broad significance of the approach that, through graph theory, allows researchers to address a variety of different complex systems within a common framework.
This special issue comprises a selection of contributions presented at the workshop 'Complex Networks: from Biology to Information Technology' held in July 2007 in Pula (Cagliari), Italy as a satellite of the general conference STATPHYS23.
See Also: SPECIAL ISSUE: PAPERS FROM THE STATPHYS23 SATELLITE MEETING ON COMPLEX NETWORKS: FROM BIOLOGY TO INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (PULA (CAGLIARI), ITALY, 2â€"6 July 2007)
Mapping Global Sensitivity Of Cellular Network Dynamics, Interface
Excerpt: The dynamical systems arising from gene regulatory, signalling and metabolic networks are strongly nonlinear, have high-dimensional state spaces and depend on large numbers of parameters. Understanding the relation between the structure and the function for such systems is a considerable challenge. We need tools to identify key points of regulation, illuminate such issues as robustness and control and aid in the design of experiments. Here, I tackle this by developing new techniques for sensitivity analysis. In particular, I show how to globally analyse the sensitivity of a complex system by means of two new graphical objects: the sensitivity heat map and the parameter sensitivity spectrum. (...)
Epigenetic Tracking, a Method to Generate Arbitrary Shapes By Using Evolutionary-Developmental Techniques, arXiv
Excerpt: This paper describes an Artificial Embryology method (called ``Epigenetic Tracking'') to generate predefined arbitrarily shaped 2-dimensional arrays of cells by means of evolutionary techniques. It is based on a model of development, whose key features are: i) the distinction bewteen ``normal'' and ``driver'' cells, being the latter able to receive guidance from the genome, ii) the implementation of the proliferation/apoptosis events in such a way that many cells are created/deleted at once, in order to speed-up the morphogenetic process. iii) the presence in driver cells of an epigenetic memory, that holds the position of the cell in the cell lineage tree and represents the source of differentiation during development.
Doughnut-Shaped Universe Bites Back, News@Nature
The CMB [cosmic microwave background, Ed.] is made up of hot and cold spots that represent ripples in the density of the infant Universe, like waves in the sea. An infinite Universe should contain waves of all sizes, but cosmologists were surprised to find that longer wavelengths were missing from measurements of the CMB made by NASAâ€™s Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe.
Mmm... Universe. Calculations show it really might be shaped like the snack favourite.
A Levy Flight For Light, Nature
Excerpts: Transport based on Levy flights has been extensively studied numerically, but experimental work has been limited, and, to date, it has not seemed possible to observe and study Levy transport in actual materials. For example, experimental work on heat, sound, and light diffusion is generally limited to normal, brownian, diffusion. Here we show that it is possible to engineer an optical material in which light waves perform a Levy flight. The key parameters that determine the transport behaviour can be easily tuned, making this an ideal experimental system in which to study Levy flights in a controlled way.
- Source: A Levy Flight For Light, Pierre Barthelemy, Jacopo Bertolotti, Diederik S. Wiersma, DOI: 10.1038/nature06948, Nature 453, 495-498, 08/05/22
Complex Challenges: Global Terrorist Networks
Terrorism On Decline: Canadian Study, AFP
Excerpts: Researchers at Simon Fraser University (SFU) said in an annual Human Security Brief that terrorism fatalities were down by some 40 percent in late 2006 compared to 2001, and according to preliminary data, dropped even further in mid-2007. The study pointed to more widespread and coordinated counterterrorism efforts, "bitter doctrinal infighting" within the global Islamist networks, and Muslims' rejection of terrorists' "indiscriminate violence, extremist ideology and harshly repressive policies" for the downswing.
As well, it specifically acknowledged a "dramatic collapse in popular support throughout the Muslim world" for Osama bin Laden's Al-Qaeda network.
Links & Snippets
- Evolution: Hard Facts About Soft Animals, Matthias Glaubrecht, 08/05/23, Science : 1014-1015. The contributors combine data from anatomy, ecology, paleontology, and genomics to provide a summary of what we do and do not know about the evolutionary relationships of molluscs
- Insects (The Original White Meat), 08/05/24, Science News, Dining on insects, usually more by choice than necessity, occurs in at least 100 countries ¡X and may be better than chicken for both people and the environment.
- It's The Network, Stupid, 08/05/24, Science News, The complexity of humans may lie not in genes but in the web of interactions among the proteins they make.
- Sharing Valuable Real Estate, 08/05/24, Science News, Human brains rewire when people lose a sense, but a new study of people who have regained vision shows that the rewired areas retain their old abilities.
- Assessing Random Dynamical Network Architectures for Nanoelectronics, Christof Teuscher, Natali Gulbahce, Thimo Rohlf, 2008/05/17, arXiv, DOI: 0805.2684
- Evolution Of Cooperation With Shared Costs And Benefits, J. S. Brown, T. L. Vincent, 2008/05/20, Proceedings B: Biological Sciences, DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2007.1685
- Sensitivity To Reward Loss As An Indicator Of Animal Emotion And Welfare, O. H. P. Burman, R. M. A. Parker, E. S. Paul, M. Mendl, 2008/05/20, Biological Letters, DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2008.0113
- Steel Toughened by Pancakes, Philip Ball, 2008/05/22, News@Nature, DOI: 10.1038/news.2008.851
- How Low Can Life Go?, Heidi Ledford, 2008/05/22, News@Nature, DOI: 10.1038/news.2008.850
- Modeling How We See Natural Scenes, 2008/05/22, ScienceDaily & Cell Press
- Why Do Astronauts Suffer From Space Sickness?, 2008/05/23, Innovations-report
- Brain's 'Trust Machinery' Identified, 2008/05/23, ScienceDaily & Cell Press
- Mathematicians Reveal Secrets Of The Ancient And Universal Art Of Symmetry, 2008/05/24, ScienceDaily & University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
- At The Synapse: Gene May Shed Light On Neurological Disorders, 2008/05/26, Innovations-report
- Bone Repair Using Patient's Stem Cells Comes Closer: Enzyme Induces Adult Stem Cells To Grow Bone, 2008/05/26, Innovations-report
- Historical Simulation: A Study Of Civil Service Examinations, The Family Line And Cultural Capital In China, S. Kurahashi - kurahashigssm.otsuka.tsukuba.ac.jp, T. Terano - teranodis.titech.ac.jp, Apr. 2008, Advances in Complex Systems, DOI: 10.1142/S0219525908001568
- 7th Intl Conf on Complex Systems (ICCS), Boston, MA, 07/10/28-11/02
Reseau Nationale des Systemes Complexes , (in French), 2007
- World Economic Forum , Davos, Switzerland, 08/01/22-27
TED Talks, TED Conferences LLC , since 2006
Talking Robots: The PodCast on Robotics and AI, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Switzerland, 06/11/03
Potentials of Complexity Science for Business, Governments, and the Media 2006, Budapest, Hungary, 06/08/03-05
- 6th Intl Conf on Complex Systems (ICCS), Boston, MA, 06/06/25-30
Artificial Life X,
10th Intl Conf on the Simulation and Synthesis of Living Systems, Bloomington, IN, USA. 2006/06/03-07
6th Understanding Complex Systems Symposium, Urbana-Champaign, Il, 06/05/15-18
Ralph Abraham on Complexity Digest, , Calcutta, India, 05/12/27
- An Afternoon with Michael Crichton, Washington, 05/11/06
Illuminating the Shadow of the Future, Ann Arbor, Mi 05/09/23-25
Open Network of Centres of Excellence in Complex Systems - Brainstorming Meeting, Paris, France 05/09/19-23
Complexity, Science & Society Conference 2005, U. Liverpool, UK 2005/09/11-14
ECAL 2005 - VIIIth European Conference on Artificial Life,
Canterbury, Kent, UK 2005/09/5-9
T. Irene Sanders, Executive Director and Founder, The Washington Center for Complexity & Public Policy, 05/08/27, QuickTime video (10:38 min), Podcast
- North American Society for the Psychology of Sport and Physical Activity 2005 Conference, Virtual Conference Network, St. Pete's Beach, Florida, 05/06/09-11
- Understanding Complex Systems - Computational Complexity and Bioinformatics, Virtual Conference Network, Urbana-Champaign, Il, UIUC, 05/05/16-19
- Nonlinearity, Fluctuations, and Complexity, with a celebration of the 65th birthday of Gregoire Nicolis. , Complexity Session, Universite' Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium, 05/03/16
1st European Conference on Complex Systems, Torino, Italy, 04/12/5-7
From Autopoiesis to Neurophenomenology: A Tribute to Francisco Varela (1946-2001), Paris, France, 2004/06/18-20
Evolutionary Epistemology, Language, and Culture, Brussels, Belgium, 04/05/26-28
International Conference on Complex Systems 2004, Boston, 04/05/16-21
Nonlinear Dynamics And Chaos: Lab Demonstrations, Strogatz, Steven H., Internet-First University Press, 1994
- CERN Webcast Service, Streamed videos of Archived Lectures and Live Events
- Dean LeBaron's Archive of Daily Video Commentary, Ongoing Since February 1998
- Edge Videos
Chaotic Modeling and Simulation International Conference, Chania, Crete, Greece, 08/06/03-06
Creating Cultures of Engagement in Health Care: New Models for Addressing Conflict, Disruption and Avoidance in Health Care, Omaha, Nebraska, 08/06/03-05
International Conference on Chaos, Complexity & Conflict, Omaha, NE, 08/06/05-07
4th Organization Studies Summer Workshop: "Embracing Complexity: Advancing Ecological Understanding in Organization Studies", Pissouri, Cyprus, 08/06/05-07
Cambridge Healthtech Institute's Tenth Annual... Applying Systems Biology, San Francisco, CA, 08/06/09-11
AUTOMATA 2008, EPSRC Workshop Cellular Automata Theory and Applications, Bristol, UK, 08/06/12-14
Intl Summer School on
"Modelling and Optimization in Micro- and Nano- Electronics" - MOMINE 2008, Ragusa, Sicily, Italy, 08/06/14-28
NECSI Summer School, Cambridge, MA, 08/06/16-07/04,
9th Intl Mathematica Symposium, Maastricht, The Netherlands, 08/06/20-24
The 14th Intl Conf on Auditory Display (ICAD), Paris, France, 08/06/24-27
8th Intl Conf of Sociocybernetics - Complex Social Systems, Interdisciplinarity And World Futures, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico, 08/06/24-28
"Is complexity the new framework for management and public policy in the 21st century?"
Complexity Society Workshop, Manchester, UK, 08/06/26
The 3rd Intl Symp on Knowledge Communication and Peer Reviewing: KCPR 2008, Orlando, Florida, USA, 08/06/29-07/02
The 3rd Intl Symp on Knowledge Communication and Conferences: KCC 2008, Orlando, Florida, USA, 08/06/29-07/02
7th Intl Summer School and Conf "Let's Face Chaos through Nonlinear Dynamics", Maribor, Slovenia, 08/06/29-07/13
The 12th World Multi-Conf on Systemics, Cybernetics and Informatics: WMSCI 2008, Orlando, Florida, USA, 08/06/29-07/02
From Animals To Animats 10 - The 10th Intl Conf on the Simulation Of Adaptive Behavior (SAB'08), Osaka, Japan, 08/07/07-12
Complex Systems and Social Simulations, CEU Summer University, Budapest, Hungary, 08/07/07-18
2008 Gordon Research Conf on Oscillations & Dynamic Instabilities
in Chemical Systems, Waterville, ME, 08/07/13-18
Nonlinear Fracture Mechanics Models, Udine, Italy, 08/07/14-18
1st Intl Workshop on Nonlinear Dynamics and Synchronization
(INDS'08), Klagenfurt, Austria, 08/07/18-19
Scratch@MIT,Cambridge, MA, 08/07/24-26
8th Intl Conf on Epigenetic Robotics:
Modeling Cognitive Development in Robotic Systems, Brighton, UK, 08/07/31-08/02
On the Edge: Healthcare in the Age of Complexity,
Kansas City, MO, 08/08/03-05
Society for Chaos Theory in Psychology & Life Sciences
18th Annl Intl Conf, Richmond, Virginia, USA, 08/08/08-10
Stochastic Resonance 2008, Perugia, Italy, 08/08/17-21
4th Intl Conf on Natural Computation (ICNC'08) - 5th Intl Conf on Fuzzy Systems and Knowledge Discovery (FSKD'08),
Jinan, China, 08/08/25-27
Intl Conf DEscribing COmplex Systems (DECOS), Zadar,
BICS Conference - Emergence in Complex Systems,
Bath, UK, 08/09/09-11
Conference on Complex Systems, Jerusalem, Israel, 08/09/14-19
EPOS 2008, III Edition of Epistemological Perspectives on Simulation, Lisbon, Portugal, 08/10/02-03
International Congress on Complex Thought, Hermosillo , Sonora , Mexico, 08/10/21-24
2nd Intl Congress of Complex Systems in Sport (2nd ICCSS) and 10th European Workshop of Ecological Psychology. (10th EWEP), Funchal, in Madeira Island, Portugal, 08/11/05-08
COMPLEX'2009, First Intl Conf on Complex Systems: Theory and Applications, Shanghai, China, 09/02/23-25
A short notice from Dean LeBaron
Dear ComDig Readers,
Our editor, Dr. Gottfried Mayer, is affectionately esteemed by many of you -- as readers, you know he devotes himself unselfishly to widening our knowledge of complexity science. He was recently diagnosed with advanced colon cancer and given a timetable of a very few years. Knowing Gottfried, you can imagine that, in addition to the customary processes of chemotherapy, he would explore other frontier therapies, especially those arising out of interdisciplinary applications of complexity. These are expensive ... if he can find them.
Many of you have sent your good wishes and indicated your desire to assist. With Gottfried's permission, I am posting this note with information, below, about how to send contributions to him. Please indicate the source since Gottfried will want to express his warm gratitude.
I know that Gottfried, the good scientist that he is, will explain from time to time what he is doing and what the results are ... and we will follow his progress with great interest and hope.
Publisher, Complexity Digest
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domain: biology