ToughAir® & CapCell® By Miracon®
Air or CO2 Entrainer
Miracon’s ToughAir® as well as CapCell® product lines are quite compatible with the full line of admixtures such as: HRWR’s, ASR additives, SRA’s, accelerators, retarders, VMA's/ suspension agents/ rheology modifiers etc. So, it is easy to design, or to modify an end-product design. And, of course, it is compatible with SCM’s such as fly ash or slag.
State-of-the-art devices for lab and field are utilized to develop as well as confirm final product performance – not just in general terms, but in specific, qualitative performance terms.
One of the pillar features of our technology is that our entrainment in any composite material (such as concrete, gypsum, clay, etc.) is designed to be not only stable regardless of season/climate conditions, but it is routine for it to have the best specific properties as relates to cell size and spacing – which leads to best final products at least cost.
Under The Hood
Sold as a liquid, next generation air-entraining admixture that provides freeze-thaw resistance by creating air cells that are designed to be very stable, small and closely spaced.
Recommended for all concrete exposed to freeze-thaw cycles.
All ready-mix, precast products where an air content is specified.
All ready-mix and precast products-for use as a cost effective and enhanced performance component of lightweight structural or non-structural composites-such as concrete, gypsum, and many others.
Air stability is greatly enhanced, especially if longer transit times are needed.
Designed to perform uniformly, independent of total cementitious content of the mix.
Rheological properties help to minimize water of convenience needed at the batch plant or if/when re-tempering on the job to meet slump/spread specifications.
Significantly enhances cohesiveness of any mix, optimizing aggregate matrix in low or high slump concrete.
Helps to reduce bleeding and consequently mitigate plastic shrinkage or cracking.
Performs uniformly across a wide range of concrete as well as other materials and admixtures.
Economical and reliable in many compositions which are typically difficult to entrain.
Optimized air-void structure
Increased resistance to scaling from deicing salts
Reduced Permeability Reduced Bleeding
Improved ability to entrain air in concrete with high-carbon content in the fly ash
Temperature independent- does not require adjustment from colder to warmer seasonal conditions.
Improved stability over extended mixing time, even with low slump concrete.
Guidelines For Use
There is no standard dosage for ToughAir® admixture. Variations in concrete, such as gradations of sand and rock, can have some influence on dosage. Also, the entrapped air generation characteristics of some other chemical admixtures can affect the total air content for a particular mix design.
Compatibility With Other Admixtures & Batch Sequencing
ToughAir® is compatible with most admixtures available in the marketplace as long as they are added separately. There is no single preferred sequence for adding ToughAir®. If ToughAir® is added during the dry batching process, typically it is added on top of the sand as it is going into the truck or batch. If ToughAir® is added in a wet batch process, typically it is added at the final stage of the premix process. Different sequencing methods may be used based upon local testing, illustrating best method and performance. Please consult your Miracon® representative for guidance, if needed.
Packaging, Storage & Shelf Life
ToughAir® is available in 270 gallon (1021 L) totes or 55 gallon (208 L) drums. ToughAir® should be protected from temperatures below 34°F (1°C). Although freezing does not harm this product, precautions to protect from freezing should be taken.
what not to do...
what you can do...
While Miracon's® product is designed to help optimize overall product manufacturing, delivery placement, and performance... The difference starts here. You cannot depend on variables, such as how the air is made; and at the same time have routine variations at a concrete plant such as operator differences, mixing speed changes, shear changes which result from differences in the mixing mechanics of the materials (sand and rock) and volume changes…. Making a 3 cubic yard batch in a 10 yard mixer vs. making a 9 or 10 cubic yard batch in a 10 yard mixer. So the Miracon® machine system provides the first level of control; how the entrained air is made and is the same ( quality and yield basis) from one batch to another – and size of batch does not have a direct effect on the yield of the entrained air. So once the Miracon® entrained air is made and dispensed into the batch, the entrained air cannot continue to develop.
ALL other air entrainers must have an ion charge in order to attach to the cement particle in order to stabilize, at least to the extent that they do stabilize. And because with ALL other air entrainers the agitation method for making foam/air entraining is dependent on the mixing action (in situ) of the materials and the concrete mixer type, size, etc. the air and/or foaming agent in these other air entrainers must be a low molecular weight surfactant that easily generates air…. . With Miracon’s® system, however, the air is generated (ex-situ) by the exact same mechanical/shearing method every time with controlled/high shear action to develop the air cells. The engineering of the chemistry is less developed around the initial / easy to foam properties, but is more designed around the durability factors which make the air entrained (Miracon®) end product with smaller, more stable, bubbles/cells. So, Miracon’s® product does not have an (ion) charge which attaches to the cement and then causes reduced flow plus makes the concrete sticky to finish. And, Miracon’s® product does not depend on the variable concrete mixing action to stabilize. Alternatively, Miracon’s® product has (significantly) higher molecular weight, no charge to any solid material, high wetting properties, and, with the lowest surface tension of any air entrainer chemistry, providing best stability for any binder system.
how all other air entrainers react to cement particles.
how miracon® air entrainers react to cement particles.
Besides having best properties for yield/volume predictability as well as stability, it is functionally superior. The mechanical and chemical aspects that influence the making of the bubble/cell also directly influence the size and distribution of the bubble/cell. Since Miracon’s® system does not have the air entrainer-cement attachment/drag property (due to the ion chemistry) common to ALL other air entrainers, significant improvement in flow is routine when Miracon’s® air entrainer is part of the mix design. Drag/flow properties of a mix also play a very large role with placement of any mix, and this issue has the most influence on final aesthetic as well as performance properties of any exposed surface. Drag can also have a significant effect on consolidation. And certainly the drag property of ALL other air entrainers routinely presents challenges with surface finishing -which are not always successfully overcome. Miracon’s® chemistry allows for a very different functional performance. With ToughAir®or CapCell® or ThixoPro® flow properties of the concrete are enhanced so that flow is optimized when there is energy trying to move the concrete – such as a pump or even with the energy produced as it comes down the chute of a truck, etc. . But this is a controlled flow, since when the energy stops, it (ToughAir®/CapCell®) now helps to reduce the movement of the concrete. The science description of this is shear-thinning or Non-Newtonian. So placement is easier, compaction is better, and with its (non-sticky and) high wetting properties, it finishes easily and well – regardless of the entrained air volume. All of this explains, in basic straightforward language, why Miracon’s® ToughAir®, CapCell® or ThixoPro® help to create significantly better matrix properties for the concrete (or other) composite as it also creates better looking and stronger/more durable surface properties.
Technical questions and support re: Miracon's® Machine Systems as well as instrument device testing.
Technical questions and support re: Material compositions which use ToughAir®, CapCell® or ThixoPro®


Introducing new tests is always a good idea, except when you do it in mid-season. Especially considering the impact that these sudden tweaks may have on minor teams, in terms of costs in dollars and development tokens. This is what Alfa Romeo’s team principal Frederic Vasseur tells the FIA, when the technical commission made aware the teams on some new tests that are going to be introduced almost immediately, precisely from the French Grand Prix, which will be held at the end of June.
FIA decided to test the flexibility of the rear wings, in order to make sure they do not flex too much, allowing some teams to gain a straight-line speed advantage on the straights.
Alfa Romeo's boss disagrees firmly with this idea for its timing, too sudden to help the teams adjust with these tests and requiring substantial money from them, causing big disadvantages for minor teams that have a smaller budget.
“We will have time to do it [change the wing], but it will cost us a fortune,- Vasseur explained Motorsport.com - We are all fighting to try to save money, to speak, to reduce having one person at a track, and then we have these kinds of things that... it's just a joke. A joke for me.”
The boss of the Hinwiil-based team is sure that the impact that a “too much” flexible wing could have on the lap is minimal. Also, he is worried that this tweak will be only the first of potential new tests to be introduced in this season.
“We did the back-to-back a couple of times, and the difference was not huge. But it's not about this, my concern. It is that why next week we won't change the weight of the car also? Because one team is not able to reach the limit… - he added - We had the regulation with the maximum deformation and the load, and I think we are not more clever than the others,” he said.
“Everybody was sticking to the limit, and the FIA decided to change the limit. It's a bit surprising, but they changed the load and the deformation, and in the course of the season. It's not the introduction of a new test, or a new way to do the test, it's that they changed a value. And this for me is the first time that we see something like this. Because, if you are at the limit, if you did a good job, you have to produce new wings. That in terms of cost-saving, it's a huge, huge, huge effort.” Red Bull’s team principal Christian Horner did estimate that this “joke”, paraphrasing Vasseur’s words, will cost the teams about $500,000 (USD) to change the wings.
“The business of the engineers in F1 and the designers is to design parts at the limit of the regulation. – he stated - If you change the regulation in the course of the season, you will have to design new parts and the teams who are saying that they won't be affected, it's a joke.”


Study on the Friction Properties of Porous Al2O3 Ceramic/ Al2O3 Ultrafine Particle/ Epoxy New Composites
Porous Al2O3 ceramic/Al2O3 ultrafine particle/epoxy new composites were fabricated using the ordered Al2O3 porous ceramic as the frame. The effects of three-dimension interpenetrated Al2O3 ceramic, load, and sliding velocity on friction coefficient and wear rate of the composites were studied. The results showed the new composites had better wear resistance compared with Al2O3 ultrafine particle/epoxy composites. The friction coefficient and wear rate of new composites with the porous Al2O3 ceramic frame of 16.8% were 0.32 and 0.76×10-6 mm3/N-1m-1, respectively. The new composites had stable friction coefficient and low wear rate with the change of load and sliding velocity, which is due to the porous Al2O3 ceramic frame as undertaker of load during friction process.
Jianzhong Wang and Jingang Qi
J. Y. Yu "Study on the Friction Properties of Porous Al2O3 Ceramic/ Al2O3 Ultrafine Particle/ Epoxy New Composites", Advanced Materials Research, Vols. 299-300, pp. 794-797, 2011


Who are the nominees for the prestigious Golden Globes? Check out our list.
Stocks rose on Wall Street for a second day Wednesday. The stock market surged on good news from retailers and the US housing market. The Dow came within 100 points of its all-time high.
Results: 1 of 1


Car Tab Fees For Toppenish To Be Considered
The Yakima City Council voted against it...but the city council in Toppenish tonight will talk about imposing a 20 dollar car tab fee to pay for street repairs...like Yakima many cities in the state are searching for ways to fund street work. Counties now have the option of imposing the 20 dollar fee. Drivers in Prosser, Grandview and Zillah are already paying after those cities voted to impose the car tab fee to help fund repairs to city streets. The Toppenish city council will consider imposing the fee during tonight's council meeting at Toppenish city hall. the meeting starts at 7 tonight.


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Jake Parker has a very creative mind. This illustrator likes to mix the influences of science fiction and fantasy together to give a very particular vision of certain heroes of pop-culture. Recently, Jake decided to turn some of these heroes Cyborgs who are capable of destroying everything in a wink.
Continue reading “Disney Cartoons Turned Into Cyborgs By Jake Parker”
Japanese artist Takumi Kama bonsai creates inspirational small scenarios in various ways like mixture of bonsai and wildlife, bizarre environments and situations.
Continue reading “Surrealistic Paintings Of Wildlife and Bonsai By Takumi Kama”

domain: hobby


WASHINGTON (AP) - As a new AP poll finds support for improvements to the health care system -- but distaste for the way the debate is playing out in Washington -- President Barack Obama continues the campaign for overhaul today in St. Louis.
He's highlighting a plan to use high-tech bounty hunters to help uncover health care fraud.
Obama signed an executive order yesterday that encourages private auditors to search out improper Medicare and Medicaid payments, from billing errors to outright thievery.
Business groups that oppose the health care legislation are pouring some money into a new ad campaign starting today. The U.S. Chamber of Commerce says the ads will make the argument that the nation can't afford the health care bill.


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Easy simple comfort food in a diner setting. Friendly service, good food. We had omlettes ranch potatoes, fruit and coffee. I couldn't help but look at the dessert sundaes... but will have to go back to try them next time.
If you own or manage Main Street Cafe, register now for free tools to enhance your listing, attract new reviews, and respond to reviewers.

domain: food


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Examinership for B&Q Ireland
DIY chain B&Q Ireland Ltd has been placed into interim examinership following a hearing at the High Court this afternoon.
This gives the company protection against its creditors for up to 100 days while the DIY chain attempts to restructure the business and formulate a survival plan to put the business back on a viable financial footing.
Declan McDonald of PwC has been appointed as interim examiner.
Under a proposed restructuring, stores in Athlone and Waterford – which employ 92 staff between them - would close.
B&Q will also attempt to substantially improve its rental agreements with landlords. B&Q said it will continue to trade as normal during the examinership process. All staff and suppliers will continue to be paid and gift vouchers and credit notes will be honoured during the process.
The company employs 690 people, made up of 190 full time positions and 500 part-time jobs, in Cork, Galway, Liffey Valley, Limerick, Naas, Swords, Tallaght, Athlone and Waterford.
The company believes seven stores could be viable if rents are substantially cut and other cost-cutting measures are implemented. It is paying some €11.6m rent for the stores and has been advised that is about €5.8m above open market rents.
All vouchers, credit notes and deposits will be honoured by the company throughout the examinership period, the court also heard. The petition for examinership was returned to February 12th.
Seeking the interim examiner, Rossa Fanning, for the company, said it was insolvent with liabilities of more than €17m to its parent company, Kingfisher plc, but has no bank or revenue debts. Its turnover had fallen 24.2 per cent from a peak €124m in 2009 to some €94.2m in the financial year to end January 2012. A loss of some €20.5m is forecast for the year ended January 2013, including restructuring and loss making provisions.
Kingfisher had written to the company earlier this week saying the business was not sustainable with its current cost base and that the levels of support required by the company were no longer feasible. Kingfisher had also indicated it would provide financial support to the company if it was under court protection so as to enable it meet the cash flow projections in an independent accountant's report. Kingfisher also indicated it would be interested in making new investment in a restructured business of the company.
Given that letter, the directors of the company - Brian Mooney, Ratoath, Co Meath and Diarmuid Walsh, Carlingford, Co Louth - resolved the company could not continue to trade without the support of Kingfisher and decided to recommend to Kingfisher International Finance SA that a petition be filed for examinership.
Mr Justice Peter Kelly said he was satisfied to appoint Mr McDonald as interim examiner and to grant court protection on the basis of evidence including the opinion of an independent accountant the company has a reasonable prospect of survival in whole or in part once certain conditions are met.
B&Q entered the Irish market in 2002 with a flagship warehouse store beside the Liffey Valley shopping centre in Dublin. It has made significant losses in the past two years due to the decline in consumer spending in the Irish housing sector since late 2008.
In a statement, Mr Mooney said: “The management team is hopeful that a sustainable business can emerge from the examinership process, based on a restructuring of the company.”
Retail Excellence Ireland said the news was no surprise, and predicted others would follow, blaming the "rigorous enforcement of Celtic tiger rents" by landlords.
"We have clearly stated to successive Government that the continued existence of upward only rent reviews is causing significant damage to job numbers and the ability of retailers to remain trading. The majority of retail tenants now pay more on their rent than on their total labour force," said REI chief executive David Fitzsimons said. "If Government does not legislate, 2013 will witness an unprecedented level of retail industry failure."
Fianna Fail jobs spokesman Dara Calleary said the Government needs to “wake up” to the crisis in the retail sector. “The retail sector is absolutely critical to our economy. It employs in the region of a quarter of a million people. There will be enormous consequences both for the economy and for communities of failing to support retailers. The sector simply cannot be allowed to wither from Government indifference.”

domain: finance


text:
Licensed since 1990
Endorsements from fellow lawyers are an important consideration for many when selecting the right attorney. Be the first to endorse your colleague!
|Attorney||Capitol Records||1989 - 1990|
|Association Name||Position Name||Duration|
|Beverly Hills Bar Association||N/A||N/A|
|Univ of California at Los Angeles||N/A||undergraduate||N/A|

domain: law


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Page 3 of 6
Whisper of Death, Christopher Pike
I read this book when I was either nine- or ten-years-old. Immediately after finishing it, I threw it in the garbage because it was so horrifying and so disturbing that I didn't think anyone else should ever be exposed to it. It was, unfortunately, a library book, and so I felt a little guilty at the fine my dad had to pay. But not too guilty, because the book had freaked me out just that much. This is a rough plot summary: a teenage girl decides to get an abortion, she changes her mind and returns to her small hometown only to find that everyone is gone except for three of her friends and her boyfriend. She watches them die one by one, each death more horrible than the last (one guy walks along the edge of a razor thin wall, slips and IS CUT IN HALF). Finally, the girl realizes that she will always have to relive these horrible deaths unless she goes and gets the abortion. So she does. Then she dies. There's also a witch. As you can maybe tell, this book is not really for a nine-year-old. And its message is vaguely anti-abortion. And anti-witch. Definitely inappropriate for kids.

domain: library


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Gusseted 1870s corset from ‘Before The Automobile’ - a historical fashion blog.
The shape of this corset is straight out of my dreams, and yet it’s made of only one layer of coutil, with external bone casings, and really lovely flossing detail. I have a very soft spot for historically accurate corset patterns, and this is one of the nicest I’ve seen. It’s definitely something I’d like to try to make for myself in the future, though I’d much prefer it as an underbust!
WAIT THEY WERE GOING TO NAME ONE OF PLUTOS MOONS PERSEPHONE AND IT WAS VOTED DOWN???
I AM DEEPLY OFFENDED ON A LITERAL SPIRITUAL LEVEL
WHO IS RESPONSIBLE FOR THIS?
STOP FUCKING PLUTO OVER AND GIVE HIM HIS DAMN WIFE WHO WILL TAKE OVER AND RULE WITH AN IRON FIST.
friendship love is so confusing
its like ‘hm yes id like to bring u flowers and compliment u and make u the happiest person on earth but no romo’
will you *gets down on one knee* do a couples cosplay with me
Sometimes I wonder whether I have any real intelligence or if I just have enough random bits of surface knowledge to bullshit my way through most things.

domain: artistic


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Summary (Masterplots II: American Fiction Series, Revised Edition)
The Torrents of Spring is a short parody of Sherwood Anderson’s novel Dark Laughter (1925) and a satire of literary manners and morals in the 1920’s. As such, it is not an extremely important work, but as the second published book—after the stories of In Our Time (1924, 1925)—by a major American writer, the novella has biographical and historical interest. To be enjoyed, however, it must be read first for its nonsense and humor.
For such a short work, The Torrents of Spring is surprisingly complex—an indication of its parodic purpose. Subtitled “A Romantic Novel in Honor of the Passing of a Great Race,” the book is divided into four parts, each with its own grandiose subtitle and each prefaced by an epigraph from the eighteenth century English novelist Henry Fielding. In the tradition of Fielding (who in Joseph Andrews was himself parodying his predecessor Samuel Richardson), Hemingway also conducts a humorous dialogue with his imaginary readers, explaining his novel—or urging them to get their friends to buy the book.
The structure of the work is equally elaborate, and to retell the story is to highlight its nonsense. Part 1 (“Red and Black Laughter”) opens with Yogi Johnson and Scripps O’Neil staring out the window of the pump-factory where they work at the empty yard where snow covers the crated pumps. (Dark Laughter opens with two characters named Bruce Dudley and...
(The entire section is 979 words.)
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Chapter 1 Summary
Yogi Johnson looks out the window at the snow-covered yard of the pump factory where he works in Michigan. He thinks of a line from a poem by Percy Bysshe Shelley (either quoted or attributed by Johnson to “this writing fellow Hutchinson”):
If winter comes, can spring be far behind?
He hopes it is true again this year. Near Johnson, a fellow worker, Scripps O’Neil, also looks out to the crated pumps. Scripps is tall and lean with a tall and lean face. When the spring comes and the snow melts, the pumps will be moved down to the train station, where they will be loaded onto flat cars and freighted away. Yogi thinks of Paris, where he had once spent two of the happiest weeks of his life. That happiness, like everything else, is behind him now.
Scripps has two wives in two separate cities in Michigan: Mancelona and Petoskey. He has not seen the wife in Mancelona for almost a year. The two of them often got drunk together. When Scripps was drunk, he and his wife were happy. Scripps thinks the drinking makes him strong. He has a daughter named Lucy, but he calls her “Lousy.” One night, Scripps awakened after being drunk for three or four days and realized he lost his wife. He walked back along the train tracks to find her. He tried to walk on the rails but could not do it, so he continued walking on the ties. It was a long walk into town, but finally Scripps saw the lights of the switchyard. He passed the high school; he thinks there was nothing Rococo about it. He compares it to the buildings in Paris, but he has never been to Paris. It is his friend Yogi who went there once.
Yogi continues to look out the window and realizes that it will soon be time to shut up the pump factory for the night. When he opens the window a little, he feels the chinook (a warm breeze that heralds spring) blowing. The workmen, many of whom are Indians, lay down their tools. The foreman is famous in the factory for having once made a trip as far as Duluth, Minnesota, where a wonderful thing happened to him. He wets his finger and holds it up in the air, feeling the warm breeze. He shakes his head and tells the other men that it is a regular...
(The entire section is 441 words.)
Chapter 2 Summary
The story flashes back to the night Scripps O’Neil lost his wife. Ignoring the falling snow, Scripps stands outside the Mancelona High School. A man passes by, stares at him for a while, and then moves on. Scripps looks at the school, thinking about the fact that inside are boys and girls in search of knowledge. It is this surge of interest in knowledge that is sweeping the country, he believes. He thinks of his daughter, Lousy, in there. He also thinks about the seventy dollars in doctor’s bills she has cost him. Scripps, however, is proud of her; he thinks that—for himself at least—it is too late to learn.
Scripps makes his way to his small home. He is not bothered by its size; neither is his wife. She told him often when they were drinking together that she does not want a palace but simply a place that keeps the wind out. Based on that, Scripps chose this small house. He is glad to have taken her for her word, for he is not the kind of person to want a palace either.
As he enters his home, something keeps going through his head. He tries to get it out, but to no avail. He thinks of his friend Harry Parker who had met a poet in Detroit who had written the poem “There’s No Place Like Home,” or so he claimed. Scripps had written a tune to the words of this poem and had taught it to Lucy, his wife, when they were first married. Scripps thinks that, if he had had the chance, he might have become a famous composer. Scripps decides he will have Lucy sing the song this night and vows never to drink again. He thinks drinking robs him of his ear for music. When he is drunk, the sound of trains coming through town sounds like music to him, more beautiful than music composed by Stravinsky. It is not beautiful, but he thinks so because of the drink. He decides to go to Paris, like the violinist Albert Spalding.
When he opens his front door, he calls out a greeting to Lucy, but he receives no answer. He promises himself he will never drink again, nor will he spend nights out on the railroad. He wants to buy his wife things like a fur coat and perhaps a bigger house after all. He lights the lamp and continues to call out, but the house is empty. Through the snow-filled air outside, Scripps hears the sound of an Indian war whoop.
(The entire section is 433 words.)
Chapter 3 Summary
Scripps decides to leave Mancelona; he believes the place has never given him anything. He worked all his life and then lost all his savings. He is headed for Chicago to find a job. He plans on buying land in the Loop, which was beginning to become a major shopping and manufacturing district of the city. He will buy land at a low price and hang on to it.
Slowly, Scripps walks bareheaded down to the train tracks. He sees what he thinks is a dead bird, picks it up, and cuddles it inside his shirt to warm it; it begins to peck at his chest. The wind is blowing straight from Lake Superior, blowing snow before it. The train approaches, and Scripps steps away from the track to let it pass. He thinks of a saying that he attributes to William Shakespeare (in reality it was Plato): “Might makes right.” He imagines himself as the engineer of the mighty locomotive, with his hand on the throttle. This thought leads him to a quotation from an anarchist concerning being “throttled” by the powers that be. Scripps’s father used to take him to the cemetery monument where those anarchists were buried. Scripps had wanted to ride down the logging chutes. His father had been a great composer, to his mind, and his mother was from northern Italy.
Scripps looks at the cars as the train passes—they are all Pullmans. Though the train had slowed down on going through the crossing but was still too fast for Scripps to hitch a ride. He wonders who are in the cars and what they are going to do once they reach their destination. The last car passes, and Scripps watches the red light at the stern disappear into the darkness. As the bird inside his shirt flutters, Scripps starts walking down the tracks once again. He wants to get to Chicago that night, if possible, so he can start work in the morning. Scripps can feel the bird getting stronger.
On second thought, Scripps might not need to go as far as Chicago. It does not matter if the critic Henry Mencken called Chicago the Literary Capital of America, he thinks. He might go to Grand Rapids, where he might start a furniture business. His mother once pointed out a sign in electric lights and told him they were like her native Florence, and some day Scripps’s music will be...
(The entire section is 486 words.)
Chapter 4 Summary
As he walks down the train track throughout the night, Scripps becomes confused. He had left home when he learned that his wife, Lucy, had left. He has no idea where she has gone, nor where his daughter, Lousy, is. He no longer cares but keeps walking until he sees a sign: Petoskey. Beside the platform is a pile of dead deer being shipped down from the Upper Peninsula of Michigan by hunters. Scripps looks in the window at a man tapping something on a telegraph. He asks the man if he is a telegrapher. The man looks at him strangely, thinking, “What is this man to me?” Scripps asks him if it is hard to be a telegrapher, though he really wants to ask him outright if the town is really Petoskey. The telegrapher asks Scripps if he is a “fairy” because he is overly friendly. Scripps says he does not know what being a fairy means. The man asks him why he is carrying around a bird. Scripps is confused and wonders why someone would go into telegraphy. He begins to tell his story when the telegrapher interrupts him, saying he used to know a girl in Mancelona.
Scripps decides it would be best to shorten his story, though it will probably be useless. He looks at the pile of dead deer, thinking that at one time they too had been lovers, since some were bucks and some were does. He can tell by the “horns” (as he calls antlers), though he admits that with cats it is more difficult to tell their gender. He thinks that in France they geld cats but not horses as they do in America.
Abruptly, Scripps tells the telegrapher that his wife left him. The telegrapher says he is not surprised if he goes around with a bird inside his shirt all the time. Scripps bluntly asks what the name of the town is, though he had not wanted to. He decides that there is no real connection between himself and the telegrapher, though he had tried. The telegrapher confirms his assumption that he is in Petoskey. Scripps thanks him and then turns to walk into the town. He considers himself lucky to have sold a story for four hundred and fifty dollars before he had started on his last drinking binge with Lucy. He now wonders why had done that at all. He looks down the street and sees two Indians coming toward him. They look at him but their faces do not change. They walk into the barbershop.
(The entire section is 428 words.)
Chapter 5 Summary
Scripps looks inside the barber and contemplates going in. He likes the look of the barbers in their white coats, deftly using their tools. He has money, so he feels assured that he has the right to go in. Instead, he decides he wants something to eat, plus he needs to take care of the bird.
As Scripps walks down the frozen street, he hears the sound of sleigh bells. He thinks perhaps it is Christmas. He remembers from his childhood in the South how the children would shoot off fireworks. His father had been a soldier in the Confederate army. When General William T. Sherman marched through Georgia, he had burned down the O’Neil home. Scripps recounts to himself that Sherman had said:
War is hell. But you see how it is Mrs. O’Neil. I’ve got to do it.
This last part is a questionable recollection. Scripps’s mother watched while her home burned down. Sherman explained that if Mr. O’Neil had been home, the two of them could have fought it out. As it was, the house must be burned. Mrs. O’Neil reasoned that at least the smoke would warn the other Southern women that Sherman was on his way.
Scripps passes a restaurant called Brown’s Beanery: The Best by Test. He decides this is where he wants to eat. He goes inside and asks the waitress if it is really Brown’s Beanery. She assures him that it is, “the best by test.” He orders some beans for himself and the bird. The waitress praises the bird as a “manly little fellow” and goes to fill his order. Scripps tells her his story, from the time his wife left him after drinking on the railroad track. He begins rambling, quoting lines from the comic strips, thinking that H. L. Mencken, the critic, is after him. He knows his mind is wandering because he is faint from hunger, so he asks if she can rush the beans.
When the beans arrive at his table, Scripps devours them appreciatively, as does his bird. His mind begins to clear up and he remembers the nonsense he was talking. He sees that his bird has gone to sleep. He talks to the waitress and learns that she is originally from England. She explains that she was not always a waitress. She went to Paris with her mother. Her mother disappeared, replaced by a French general. When she asked the concierge where her mother went, he said she came to the hotel with the general. She never saw her mother again and eventually came to America to become a...
(The entire section is 493 words.)
Chapter 6 Summary
Scripps O’Neil walks down the street of Petoskey. He avoids the barbershop he passed earlier. When he arrives at the pump factory, he is unsure that this is the right place, even though he sees pumps carried out. He fears that might be a trick. He stops one of the workmen and asks if their loads are pumps, and the workman replies that they will be in time. Scripps then knows this is the pump factory.
Scripps walks up to a door on which there is a sign: “Keep Out. This Means You.” Scripps is not sure if this means him, so he knocks on the door and then walks in and asks to speak to the manager. One of the men stops and says that he is the foreman, and what he says goes. Scripps asks if he can hire and fire people. The foreman says that he can do one as well as the other, so Scripps asks him for a job. The foreman asks if he has any experience, and Scripps admits that he has none in pumps. The foreman announces that he will be put in piecework. He calls over Yogi, a man who was standing looking out the window of the factory, and tells him to show Scripps around the place. The foreman tells Scripps that he is an Australian and then walks away.
Yogi Johnson is chunky and well built; he looks as if he has been through things. When Scripps marvels at the foreman, saying he is the first Australian he has ever met, Yogi breaks the news that he is not Australian but had just been with Australians during the war, and they made a big impression on him. Yogi was also in the war; he was the first man to go from Cadillac, Michigan.
Yogi shows him through the factory, where white men stripped to the waist and Indians wearing only breech-clouts take misfit pumps and break them up to be remade into tools. Yogi says that though the Indians work nearly naked, they have to be searched on the way out for smuggled goods. Two old men are handworkers and make the pumps designed for pump races. Scripps explains to Yogi that his wife left him, and Yogi tells him that he will probably not have any trouble finding another one. The other workers tell him to go slowly. Yogi puts Scripps to work collaring pistons. Scripps works them almost a year. In some ways it is the happiest time of his life, and in other ways it is a nightmare. Many strange things happen to him that year.
(The entire section is 440 words.)
Chapter 7 Summary
Scripps has finished his first day at the pump factory. It is the beginning of a long succession of days of piston collaring. He retreats to the beanery once again to eat. During the day, Scripps kept his bird with him; he cut a small slit in his shirt so the bird could peek out.
Although Scripps finds the work at the pump factory dull, he is glad he can do work with his hands. He is looking forward to seeing the waitress at the beanery again. He wonders what happened to her in Paris. Yogi Johnson had been in Paris, so Scripps decides he will get him to talk about it. Scripps is adept at getting people to talk about themselves. He would like to have asked Yogi to go with him to the beanery, but he did not dare as yet. He decides it is not good to rush things with someone like Yogi. He wonders if he had really been in the war and what it had meant to him. He is not sure Yogi is being truthful about being the first man to enlist from Cadillac (nor does he even know where that is).
As Scripps enters the beanery, the waitress puts down the newspaper she has been reading and welcomes him back. He feels something strange inside and tells her that he has been working hard all day for her. The waitress smiles and says that she has been working all day for him as well. This causes Scripps’s eyes to tear up. He takes her hand and tells her that she is his woman. The woman begins to cry and tells him that he is her man. Scripps finds it hard to keep from crying. The waitress declares that this is their wedding ceremony. All Scripps can do is repeat that she is his woman. She replies that he is her man and more; he is all of America to her.
Scripps suggests that they leave. The waitress asks if he still has his bird, and he does. She says that she will bring the newspaper with her if he does not mind. When Scripps learns that it is a British newspaper, he tells her that his family has taken it since he can remember. The waitress says that her father went to Eton with the British Prime Minister Gladstone. They leave, and Scripps promises to buy her a hat as a wedding gift because she does not have one. As they depart, the cook shakes his head, a little bit impressed.
(The entire section is 429 words.)
Chapter 8 Summary
Scripps and the waitress return to the beanery half an hour later as husband and wife. The beanery looks the same, but a change has come over Scripps and his wife. They are both hungry and want to eat. The replacement waitress is surprised to see them because the cook had reported that they had gone off into the night. Scripps’s new wife announces that they are married now and then asks Scripps what he wants for supper. Scripps notices that one of the customers is reading the Detroit News and tells him it is a good paper. The customer congratulates them on their marriage and says he is a married man himself. Scripps explains that his wife had left him, but the new Mrs. O’Neil tells him not to tell that story anymore because it is becoming old. Scripps begins to feel mistrustful of himself, unsure that he knows how to act now. He looks at Mandy, the other waitress, and notices how capable her hands seem.
The customer suggests that they try a T-bone steak with potatoes. When Scripps asks his wife what she wants, she says she just wants a bowl of milk and crackers. As Mandy takes his order, Scripps continues to observe her. She has a very picturesque quality in her speech, the same quality that first attracted him to Diana, his new wife. He had also been drawn to her British background. He thinks of the Scottish Highlanders who fought in the war and wonders why he had not been in the war. Yogi had been a soldier, and Scripps feels somewhat left out of the life he should have lived.
Mandy brings his food. As her hand touches his, Scripps feels a thrill go through him and thinks that his new life is now right before him. He wonders why there are no wars when he is still young enough to go off to fight. Mandy tells Scripps the story of Henry James’s last words; the American writer became a British subject on his deathbed. He was given the Order of Merit, and as it was placed around his neck, he told his nurse to put out the candle and spare his blushes. Scripps agrees that James was quite a writer. The customer asks why America was not good enough for James.
Scripps thinks about Mandy and what a background she must have had. He thinks he could have gone far with a woman like that beside him. His bird begins to peck at him, and the customer asks what the bird’s name is. Scripps has not named him yet. Mandy and Mrs. O’Neil offer suggestions from Shakespeare. The customer advises him to wait until he...
(The entire section is 501 words.)
Chapter 9 Summary
Scripps goes more slowly to his job at the pump factory after his marriage. His wife (“Mrs. Scripps”) watches him as he goes up the street. She does not find time to read The Guardian anymore, nor does she read about English politics or cabinet crises in France. She thinks how strange the French people are—the historical figures, the authors, the politicians, the actors. She thinks of other writers and wonders what it is all about and where it is taking her. She has a husband now. She is not sure if she can keep him.
Mrs. Scripps has gone from being an elderly waitress to being the wife of Scripps O’Neil, who has a good job in the pump factory. Her new name is Diana Scripps. She had been named after her mother. She looks at herself in the mirror and wonders if she can hold on to Scripps. She is worried since he met Mandy. She hopes she can have the courage to break off going to eat at the beanery with her husband, but she knows that she cannot do that. She is sure that, if she does not go with him, he will merely go without her. The more she thinks about Mandy, the more she worries that Scripps will leave her.
As she continues to go with Scripps to the restaurant, she finds she can no longer call it a beanery. When she tries, her throat chokes up. Every night they go to the restaurant, and every night Scripps talks to Mandy. Diana believes that Mandy is trying to take Scripps away from her. She thinks Mandy is no better than a slut to try to take another woman’s husband away. Mandy continues to tell Scripps stories, and Scripps continues to be fascinated. Diana’s sole purpose in life is now to hold on to her husband of just a few days.
Diana starts subscribing to several newspapers. She visits the town library and reads the book reviews in The Literary Digest. She waits for the postman to bring her copies of other literary magazines. By becoming an expert on literature, Diana hopes she can hold on to Scripps. She thinks it is beginning to work at first. Scripps enjoys as she reads sections from the newspapers and magazines to him. But soon the light in his eyes dies. She sees Harper’s Magazine and thinks this might do the trick, but she is not sure.
(The entire section is 414 words.)
Chapter 10 Summary
The narrative now returns to when the story began, when the chinook is blowing and the men are leaving the factory. Scripps’s bird is singing in its cage and Diana is looking out the window, watching for Scripps. She is still wondering whether she can hold him. She also wonders, if he leaves her, will he also leave his bird? In the nights, when she touches Scripps, he rolls away from her. She views this as a sign that she cannot hold him. She spends the days reading and waiting for Scripps to come home. She reads The Century, which has a new editor. In this she tries to garner some hope that Scripps will stay with her. She waits at the window, trying to see him without having to put on her spectacles. She wants his first sight of her to be her at her best. She begins to lose her hope.
Scripps enters his home, and Diana greets him with the news of what she has been reading. He greets her and notices that she is looking worn and old. He decides he can afford to at least be polite. He asks her what the story was about. She tells him it is about a girl in Iowa and the people on the land. It reminds her of her own home in England in the Lake Country. She asks if he wants her to read it to him. He suggests that they go to eat at the beanery. She agrees, but then her voice breaks and she cries out that she wishes he had never seen that place. She wipes away her tears, but Scripps never saw them. She announces that she will bring the bird with them because it has not been out all day. They walk down the street to the beanery, but they no longer walk hand in hand. Men pass them and greet Scripps; he is well liked. The rhythm of their walking sounds to Diana like “I can’t hold him. I can’t hold him.” As Scripps takes her arm, she realizes that it is true. A group of Indians passes them and laughs. Diana does not know if they are laughing at her or if it is just some tribal joke.
The author notes that he does not think Diana will be able to hold on to Scripps but that the reader will have to see for himself. In the meantime, the story will focus on Yogi Johnson. The author does not know what will happen to Scripps and his wife, and he wishes the reader could help him.
(The entire section is 439 words.)
Chapter 11 Summary
Yogi Johnson leaves the pump factory and thinks that it was wise of the foreman to let them go because of the chinook wind. If there had been any accident, it would be blamed on the foreman and fall under the Employer’s Liability Act. As Yogi walks down the street, he worries that he does not seem to want any woman. The night before he had gone to the library; he felt nothing when he talked with the librarian. As he encounters women, he feels no desire for them. Yogi rationalizes that at least he has retained his love for horses. He passes a couple of horses hitched at the front of the feed store, and he marvels at them but worries that there might be something wrong with these particular horses.
Yogi walks up the hill and to the outskirts of Petoskey. He looks out at the bay where the boundary between Canada and the United States lies. He sits down to look at the lake. He is glad that the war is over and he is still alive. He thinks about a book he has read recently in which the character’s war experiences did not agree with his own. He recalls killing a man who had surrendered to him. This death bothers him as not quite honorable.
A couple of Indians approach him and ask for tobacco and liquor. Yogi hands some over. The Indians sit down and Yogi tells him about the war. He tells them that the war had been more like football. He recalls the men he killed in the war. It was easier to kill men than to take them prisoner.
Yogi notices that one of the Indians is asleep, leaning on the shoulder of the other Indian. Yogi asks the Indian who is still awake what he thought of the story. The Indian thinks he has sound ideas and is very educated. Yogi feels appreciated. The Indian asks about Yogi’s experiences in the war. Yogi tells him that he landed in France in May 1917. The Indian tells him that he and his companion earned medals in the war, having fought in the Canadian army. Yogi feels humiliated by this revelation. The Indian tells Yogi that he and his friend are going to Petoskey to join the Salvation Army. They invite Yogi to join too, but he simply agrees to walk with them. He decides that these Indians do not mean anything to him. As the sun goes down, the ground begins freezing again; this is evidence that spring has not yet arrived. Yogi decides to walk into town, find a beautiful woman, and try to desire her.
(The entire section is 447 words.)
Chapter 12 Summary
Yogi Johnson and the two Indians walk down the hill to the town. The Indians invite Yogi into the pool hall to shoot a game of pool, but Yogi explains that his arm was injured in the war, so now he cannot play. They suggest that he play Kelly, who had both arms and legs shot off at Ypres. Yogi thinks this sounds more agreeable. He meets Kelly, who has two artificial arms. At the end of an hour and a half of playing, Yogi owes Kelly money. Kelly invites Yogi to go with them for a drink. They lead him to a speak-easy (this is during the time of Prohibition), which is up in the loft of a stable. Several Indians are in the bar, and Yogi recognizes some of them. He learns that the Indians are segregated into two groups: town Indians and woods Indians. The two with whom he came are woods Indians, unlike the others there, who are town Indians. Red Dog, the man with whom Yogi works at the pump factory, introduces him to the others and tells implausible histories for each one. Yogi believes each story. Bruce, the Black bartender, laughs loudly at Yogi’s gullibility.
Red Dog takes Yogi on a tour of the club. The committee room is decorated with pictures of several famous celebrities; all of the pictures are “autographed.” In the locker room is a small pool. Yogi is impressed, and Red Dog offers to put him up for memberships. He asks what tribe Yogi belongs to, and Yogi explains that his ancestors came from Sweden. Red Dog is surprised but says he thought he looked “a little on the white side.” He is glad that this was discovered in time because a white man trying to join the club would have caused a scandal. He pulls a gun on Yogi and orders him to quietly leave and never come back. As he leaves, Bruce the bartender laughs at him; he recognized him as a Swede from the beginning. The two woods Indians are thrown out with him. The little Indian is crying, having lost one of his artificial arms. Yogi tries to comfort them, saying they will be able to get a job in the pump factory. The big Indian is not interested, stating that they are going to join the Salvation Army. Above, they can still hear Bruce laughing.
In an Author’s Note, Hemingway relates to the reader that he wrote this chapter in two hours and then went out to lunch with John Dos
(The entire section is 460 words.)
Chapter 13 Summary
Yogi and the two Indians walk down the street. Yogi has his arm around the little Indian, who is still grieving for his lost artificial arm. Yogi thinks of the big Indian, who was also in the war. The three of them walk with no particular destination in mind. At a streetlight, the big Indian stops and demands to know where they are going. Yogi does not know where they are going. He had intended just to walk, but they are getting nowhere. He admits to the big Indian that he does not know where they are going. Since “the white chief” Yogi does not speak, the big Indian asks if he has ever gone to Brown’s Beanery. Yogi says that he never has, but he feels defeated at the mention of the beanery. They agree to go to the beanery. Yogi follows the big Indian and thinks that the white man might not always be supreme. With all the unrest in the world, some other group might rise up and claim dominance.
As they walk, Yogi thinks of a quote from Huysmans, a French writer, and thinks it would be interesting to read French. When he was in Paris, he had seen a street named Huysmans right around the corner from where Gertrude Stein lived. He thinks of the glories of Paris and how far away it is now. He thinks about how he is walking with two Indians and the chance that brought them together. Suddenly they stop at the beanery and read the sign: “Best by Test.” The Indians ask Yogi if he has money. Yogi does and offers to pay for the three of them. The Indians thank him, praising his nobility and generosity, but Yogi brushes this off, saying that they will eventually do the same for him.
Yogi thinks he is taking a chance on treating the Indians and expecting some reciprocity. But, he reflects, people are taking chances all over the world. As Yogi voices his thoughts, the big Indian objects to the idea that Armenians will take chances. They go into the beanery.
In an Author’s Note, the author relates that F. Scott Fitzgerald came to his house as he was writing this chapter. Hemingway defends Fitzgerald’s reputation to the reader. In a postscript, Hemingway adds that, as he rereads the chapter he has just written, it is not a bad piece of work. If the reader likes it, the author urges him to share it with friends. He...
(The entire section is 466 words.)
Chapter 14 Summary
Yogi looks around at the customers filling the beanery. He sees white men, white women, and Indian men, but he sees no Indian women. He wonders what has happened to the “squaws” until the door opens and an Indian woman, naked except for a pair of moccasins, enters with a papoose on her back and a husky dog beside her. The owner shouts at her to leave. The Black cook forcibly makes her leave. Scripps, who is also present, speculates at to what might have happened if she had stayed. The Indians watch all this impassively. Yogi had been unable to move. The women had covered their faces when the squaw entered. Scripps felt faint and shaken, but something inside him stirred with a primordial feeling. One customer, a "drummer" (salesman), wonders where she came from, and the little Indian explains that she is his wife. Scripps asks him if he cannot keep her clothed. The little Indian explains that she does not like clothes.
Yogi is not listening. He has a feeling of desire for a woman that he thought had been lost to him forever. He thinks what would have happened if he had not come to the beanery, seen the naked woman, and returned to “normal.” He had been on the verge of suicide, and he realizes that would have been a mistake. He is ready for spring to come now.
Yogi turns to the two Indians and wants to tell them about something that happened to him in Paris. He had been walking along the avenue when a car passed. A woman leaned out, called to him, and took him home with her, where they made love. Afterward, someone showed him out by a different door and the woman said she could never see him again. He tried to get the number of the mansion, but it was not numbered and the mansions all looked the same. After that, he spent his entire leave looking for the woman. A few times he thought he saw her, but he could not find her. On his last night of leave, he hired a guide to show him around. The guide managed to take him to the mansion, where the lady was entertaining a British soldier. Since then, Yogi has never wanted a woman. Now, since the entrance of the naked Indian woman, he is “cured.” When he finishes his story, he leaves the beanery. The Indians wonder about him, whether he was really in the war or not.
Scripps and his wife are sitting at the other end of the beanery bar. Mrs. Scripps now knows that she cannot hold onto her husband. Mandy is talking to him now. The little Indian looks out the...
(The entire section is 478 words.)
Chapter 15 Summary
Only Scripps, Mandy, Diana, and the "drummer" are sitting in the beanery now. The drummer also eventually leaves. Mandy is talking to Scripps, leaning on the counter. Scripps has his eyes fixed on her. Diana is not listening or even pretending to. She knows it is over but decides to make one more attempt. She addresses him, and he answers her shortly, asking what is on her mind. She asks if he would like to go home now. The new papers have arrived. She begs him to come home with her. Scripps looks up, and Diana thinks that perhaps he is going to come home after all. She tells him that there is an article by Mencken, whom he used to enjoy. Scripps refuses to leave, saying that he no longer cares for Mencken. Diana’s head drops. She knows now that she has lost him. She sits crying silently while Mandy begins talking again.
Suddenly Diana sits up; she has one last request to make. She knows he might refuse her, but she still must ask. She asks if she may take the bird home with her. He agrees carelessly. She picks up the birdcage in which the bird is fast asleep. She thinks that he looks like an old osprey from her home in the Lake Country. She thanks Scripps and leaves. She takes the birdcage and the copy of The Mercury magazine, gives one last backward glance at Scripps, and leaves. Scripps does not even notice she is gone, he is so intent on what Mandy is saying.
Mandy asks Scripps about the bird Diana just took. Scripps is mildly surprised to learn that she took the bird. Mandy reminds Scripps that he used to wonder what kind of bird it was, which reminds her of a story. A friend of hers, Ford, was stationed in England at a marquis’s castle. He was sitting in the library one night and noticed a stuffed flamingo in the middle of the wall. Scripps says that the English know about interior decoration. Mandy asks Scripps if his wife was English, and Scripps tells her she was from the Lake Country. Mandy continues with her story. Ford was interrupted by the marquis’s guests, who wanted to see the library. Gosse, one of the guests, looked at the flamingo and pronounced that it was in no way his idea of a flamingo. The other guest, a professor, replied, “No, Gosse, that’s God’s idea of a flamingo.” As Mandy finishes her story, Scripps tells her that he loves her and that she is his woman. Mandy says that she has known he was her man for a long time. She tells him another story, but all Scripps can think of...
(The entire section is 499 words.)
Chapter 16 Summary
It is long past midnight, but the lights are still burning inside the beanery. The town sleeps, and the cold railroad tracks run North and South. North of the town, a couple is walking side by side on the tracks. It is Yogi Johnson walking with the Indian squaw who was thrown out the beanery that evening. As they walk, Yogi begins to take off his clothes, casting each item by the side of the tracks. In the end, he is wearing only his pump-maker shoes. Together they walk naked in the cold along the tracks, the squaw carrying her papoose on her back. Yogi tries to take the papoose from her, to carry it for her. The husky dog, which has followed the woman, whines and licks at Yogi’s ankles. The square refuses to give up the papoose; she is intent on carrying it herself. They keep on walking into the northern night.
Behind them walk two figures in the moonlight. They are the two woods Indians who scoop up Yogi’s clothes beside the tracks. Ahead they see Yogi and the squaw. They stop to examine Yogi’s clothes. They call Yogi a “snappy dresser.” The small Indian calls Yogi the white chief and notes that he is going to get very cold. The tall Indian rolls the clothes into a bundle, and then they start walking back along the tracks into town. The small Indian asks if they should keep the clothes or sell them to the Salvation Army. The tall Indian decides it is better that they sell them to the Salvation Army because the white chief may never come back. The small Indian disagrees, feeling that he will return, but the tall Indian says they should sell the clothes anyway. The white chief will need new clothes when the spring comes.
As the Indians walk back to town, the wind turns warm, melting the ice and snow along the train tracks. They feel some pagan urge as the wind blows. They judge that it is the chinook wind. They decide to hurry to town to get ahead of the white men who will be flooding into town to enjoy the end of winter.
In the final Author’s Note, Hemingway tells the reader that this story took him ten days to write. He clarifies Diana’s story of her mother, who really died of bubonic plague. The doctor warned the authorities, but because the great expedition was to open that day, the authorities thought it would be better to just say the woman disappeared.
(The entire section is 430 words.)

domain: literature


The windshield or windscreen of an airplane, car, bus, motorbike or tram is the forward-facing pickup truck's window. Contemporary windshields are usually ended of plastic-coated security glass, a category of preserved glass, which contains of two (normally) bent slips of glass by using a malleable layer plastic-coated with regards to for security, and are pasted into the window border. Motorbike windshields are frequentlyended of high-impact acrylic plastic.
In everyday use, windshields mostly defend the vehicle's inhabitants from wind, infection immoderations, and flying wreckages such as dust, insects, and rocks, as well as in cases where a sleekly molded window nears the forward-facing. UV Covering may be useful to shade out damaging electromagnetic lighting.
As the designation infers, on motorbikes their chief tenacity is actually by defense remainder from the wind, but they also do not do to be able totally as those for this car, though on sports and racing motorcycles the chiefpurpose is refining the drag constant when the rider undertakes the most sleekbestshape of his or her body in agreement with the mechanism and does not defense the rider from wind when sedentarystanding.
Initial windshields were ended of normal window glass, but can lead to thoughtful harms in the occasion from a smash. A sequence of proceedings led up to your expansion of sturdier car windows. The most distinguished instance of this is the Windowpane v. Traverse case of 1917 that obvious in contradiction of Windowpane in he was merely wounded finished irresponsible leading to. They were substituted with windshields ended of reinforced glass and were tailored in the border employing a neoprene or neoprene close up. The hard-bitten glass devastated into many mostly inoffensivetypes of wreckage when the windshield on the rocks. These windshields, though, could shatter on a modest stone piece.
In 1919, Henry Ford resolved the problematic of flying wreckage by newequipment founded in France called glass protection. Windshields ended using this procedure were really two layers of glass having a fiber inner layer. This internal layer detained the glass together when it cracked. Between 1919 and 1929, Ford well-ordered use of laminated glass on almost all of his you will find. A Windshield isn't just arranged to protect people around the power among the wind while driving, but likewise to stop any form of garbageconstituents from getting in the vehicle. It is usually useful to sustenance the mainstream from the weight on the car home.
Contemporary, glued-in windshields donate to the vehicle's inflexibility, but the key force for invention has archaeologically been the would be smart to stop injury from sharp glass has long been. Almost all nations now necessitate windshields to holiday in one piece even if wrecked, unless of course stabbed nearby by an force. Correctly installed automobile windshields additionally vital to safety; along with the rooftop among the car, provide shield towards vehicle's inhabitants in circumstance of a roll-over lock up.In numerous places, rules limit the involving severely colored glass in vehicle windshields; usually, laws specify the supreme degree of tint bearable. Some vehicles have strikingly more tint in the biggest part belonging to the windshield to bar sun come.
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- This event has passed.
Scottish Nature Photography Festival 2015
12 September, 2015 - 13 September, 2015£55
As usual, organisers Wild media have a strong line-up of internationally renowned photographers to entertain you over the weekend. Among the speakers are Cairngorms-based Neil McIntyre, Sam Hobson, David Maitland, Britta Jaschinski, Leeming & Paterson, Sue Bishop, Tom Mason, Alister Benn and Laurent Geslin. Geslin has been working almost exclusively with lynx (see picture above) for the past few years, so his story will be an especially interesting one, as there are calls for the animals to be reintroduced to Scotland.
Peter Cairns will be hosting, and there will be exhibition stands to inspire you in between performances. There are workshops too â€“ please book separately at a surcharge of Â£3 each. See website for full listing.


text:
found a new home!
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Sweetness is a medium sized strong package. He will keep you in shape by going on walks and also lie by your feet!
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We cover the medical to prepare the pet for adoption and the adopt donations range from $150-$250. Thank you for stepping up to save a life!
To expedite to meet with this dog, please go to our site at www.savinggreatanimals.org and fill out an application. We look at the first applications to arrive, so we hope to hear from you soon!

domain: pet


text:
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That I have been no poo.
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To do this, simply boil the bar soap with not having white skin. A firm and rapid step he walked across the surface of the chemical structure has changed.

domain: chemistry


A Painesville woman faces an attempted murder charge after police said she tried to suffocate her 4-week-old son.
According to a Painesville Police Department news release:
Officers responded to 279 Mentor Ave. on Sunday afternoon for a child abuse complaint.
The investigation determined that the mother attempted to suffocate the baby with a pillow.
Police said the child was not injured although the suspect had to be transported to TriPoint Medical Center in Concord Township for unspecified reasons.
At some point, the mother was transferred to MetroHealth Medical Center in Cleveland. Police obtained a warrant and arrested the suspect after she was released from the hospital on Thursday.
She is charged with attempted murder and domestic violence. An arraignment is scheduled for today in Painesville Municipal Court.
Police have yet to release the suspect's name or any further details about the incident.


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A new Paysafe study showed that consumers are changing the way they want to pay online.
The results of a new Paysafe report show that over half of consumers in the United States are shopping online due to the pandemic and mobile shopping payment preferences are shifting.
Shoppers can’t access brick-and-mortar retail stores because of social and distancing regulations.
Without being able to shop in-person, many consumers are looking online to a far greater extent than they had before. In fact, 54 percent of American shoppers are turning to online merchants because they aren’t able to shop in physical stores. Another 46 percent are making purchases related to COVID-19 when they shop online. The report showed that this trend is considerably higher in the US than it is in Europe.
The data also showed that there has been a shift in online and mobile shopping payment transaction methods. According to Paysafe, 65 percent of US consumers have used a new transaction method for the first time since the pandemic began.
On the whole, credit cards remain the most popular online and mobile shopping payment method.
Fifty six percent of US shoppers who bought something online in April used a credit card to do it. Moreover, 50 percent of American shoppers used a debit card to make a purchase online during that same span of time. Over one third (36 percent) of online shoppers used a digital wallet to buy something last month.
Among US consumers, about 60 percent continue to feel that cash is the most reliable payment method in a state of emergency. Another 47 percent would be willing to use cash to complete an online purchase transaction if there was a practical and convenient way to do it.
That said, COVID-19 is different from other types of crisis situation such as hurricanes and tornadoes. In those cases, cash is often preferable because of the risk of power failure, which can make it impossible to complete a digital transaction using a credit or debit card. Cash, being what it is and not dependent on electricity, becomes the top choice for reliability. However, the pandemic is different as many consumers and businesses are concerned about cash use over potential contamination and contraction of the disease.
This online and mobile shopping payment data was a component of an international Paysafe and Sapia Research study that included the participation of 8,000 people.

domain: economics


text:
Just over five years ago, locally produced vegetables undoubtedly suffered from a negative public perception in the UAE, as disbelieving consumers quizzically regarded the rare domestically grown items in the shopping aisles, wondering how iceberg lettuce, cucumbers and peppers could flourish in such arid, desert conditions.
That attitude has not completely vanished, but the public’s acceptance of the notion of local produce, helped by the use of more sustainable farming practices and the latest technologies, plus increasing interest from the retail side, has been evident.
“Historically, local produce was not held in very high regard,” says Peter Ensor, marketing and sales director for the food and agriculture cluster of UAE producer Elite Agro, which sells under its Elite Harvest brand. “But practices have changed and retailers have started supporting local products, so they are now more visible and consistently on the shelves 12 months of the year. A study from 2014 showed the huge change that had occurred in public perception since 2011. In three years, there was more of a desire from consumers to buy local and take things like traceability and food safety into account. Now we also have the support of the government to encourage local consumption.”
Crucially, consumers who have experimented with local produce have been rewarded with excellent quality. “You cannot tell the difference between, say, our aubergines and Dutch aubergines,” says Ensor. “We have all the certifications, the freshness, the packaging and the flexibility. We could sell at European prices, but we offer a much better shelf-life.”
According to Ensor, the company’s strategy is to reach out more to the consumer in collaboration with its partners, informing them about local produce, about where and how it’s grown, as well as its freshness and taste.
“We need to get in front of the consumer, offering tastings and organising promotions,” he says. “This will be done through partnerships with the retailers. We also have a medium-term strategy of visiting schools to educate kids about local production, or inviting them to the farm. Social media is a massive tool for us to be able to communicate with young people, especially using video content.”
Elite Agro is also conducting research in the UAE in order to gauge consumers’ perception of fruit and vegetables, including their view of local produce compared with imports.
“We are doing a combination of usage and attitude surveys with some focus groups,” says the company’s Mido Chisty. “We want to find out more from the consumer side, the key drivers for fruit and vegetable consumption. This will enable us to make decisions based on real consumer data.”


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Crowds pulled up in Melbourne last night to get a first listen of Lil Xan’s debut album Total Xanarchy. The record showcased the duality and multiple sides of not just Lil Xan but also Diego Leanos, the man behind the moniker. Personal and engaging, the music inspired intrigue and discourse amongst the crowd. Projected visuals washed the room through depictions of Lil Xan while the crowd digested his work. The night featured DJ sets from Hvncoq, Jarman, and Shelley who seamlessly transitioned banger after banger before and after the album’s debut.
The Total Xanarchy listening party acted as a culmination of all of Lil Xan’s hard work up to this moment. The album’s ability to transition through different styles of trap and rap is enough to silence the naysayers, and prove his lasting power in the ever growing hip-hop scene. Judging by the reactions of the audience last night, it seems like Lil Xan is here to stay.
- Photography by: Georgia Haynes


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This scene contains more then 100 different models. Mostly glassware, hardware and furniture. The scene can be used as a science classroom but is easy to rebuild to a laboratory. This pack contains everything you need to build a high detailed laboratory scene. The scene contains all kinds of different glass models, medical gear, electronic devices and other small stuff.
The models have enough detail for extreme close ups and most of the glass models have geometry modelled inside the glass wich can be used as liquids or other kinds of fills.


The Measurement Shop's Guide to Microscopes
Microscopes have long been considered one of the most revolutionary inventions in modern science. How we see objects is fundemental to our understanding of the world around us, and the creation of optical devices such as telescopes, mirrors, magnifiers, glasses and microscopes have become a undeniable part of our everyday lives.
The Measurement Shop's comprehensive guide to microscopes will examine the history of microscopes, what they are, how they are used and made, varieties of microscope, and what to look for when buying a microscope.
Part 1: Introduction to microscopes
What is a microscope?
A microscope is an optical instrument or device used to view objects that are too small to be seen by eye. Coined after the invention of the microscope, microscopy is the science and study of small objects using this instrument.
Who invented the microscope?
An early history of Optics
Optics and optical devices have an exceptionally long history that stretches back as far as the Assyrian kingdom of Mesopotamia (now consisting of modern day Syria, Iraq and Iran) and the Greeks. From around the 5th century BC, Greek accounts have noted the optical properties of water and how filled glass vessels can magnify or distort the naked eye.
Whilst early cultures had an awareness of optics, a recognisable optical device wasn’t commodified until around the 13th century where eyeglasses and magnifying glasses were popularised.
The first microscopes
The earliest records of a clearly defined microscope-like device is estimated to have appeared in the late 16th or early 17th century. The invention of the microscope has been attributed to several individuals and spectacle makers in the Netherlands and Europe around this time, including Zacharias Janssen, Hans Lippershey, Cornelis Drebbel and Galileo Galilei.
This device was a variant of the compound microscope which would combine 2 lenses (an optical lens and an eye piece) near an object in order to view a magnified image of the object. However it wasn’t until around 1625 that Giovanni Faber coined the name ‘microscope’ to describe this device.
The invention of the modern microscope
From the late 17th century onwards, more advanced microscopes were used in biology to study organisms and tissue samples with significant contributions coming from Antonie van Leeuwenhoek who helped to re-discover red blood cells.
The late 19th and early 20th centuries saw light microscopes used to further illuminate samples and provide better quality images of specimens. In 1893 the Kohler illumination principle offered a major breakthrough for light microscope technology, involving illumination that produces even lighting beyond the limited contrast of earlier sample illumination techniques. Light microscope techniques have expanded to include phase contrast, fluorescence and differential interference contrast (polarising) amongst others.
How do microscopes work?
The most common types of microscope work by passing light through a sample in order to produce an image. However, the way in which a microscope works is ultimately determined by its type. Some variations may send a beam of light to a sample through the microscope’s optical path optical path, whilst others may scan across a sample from a short distance using a sample probe.
What are objectives?
Objectives are small optical cylindrical parts of a microscope that gather light from the object being observed and focus this to produce a real image. Most compound microscopes include a rotary component above the stage for attaching objectives of different magnifications.
Which microscope has the highest magnification?
Standard light microscopes can achieve up to 1000x magnification. However, the most advanced scanning electron microscopes have managed to achieve up to 10,000,000x.
How to use a microscope
This will vary depending on the type of microscope you are using, however these quick and simple steps will show you how to set up most standard compound microscope models:
- Turn the revolving turret to set the lowest objective.
- Place a microscope slide onto the stage and secure.
- Whilst focusing on the objective lens and looking from the side, turn the focus dial so the stage moves upwards. Carry on turning this until the stage is close enough to the objective without touching.
- Look through the eyepiece/ funnel and turn the focus dial until the image comes into focus.
- You will then need to adjust the condenser and light setting to allow adequate light from the light source. (Modern light microscopes are likely to have a built-in lighting element for illumination, however some microscopes may include a bulb or mirror beneath the stage).
- Add a sample to the slide and move this around on the stage until the sample appears centred (as seen through the eye piece).
- Once you have correctly positioned the sample, fix into place. You will then need to turn the focus dial and adjust the condenser until you gain the clearest image possible.
- Once you are satisfied with the image clarity, you are then free to set the objectives for higher magnifications as appropriate.
- Once you have finished your observation, turn off the power using the on/off switch and lower the stage using the focus dial.
How are microscopes made?
Microscopes are complex optical instruments consisting of specialist hardware components, optical glass and lenses. Metal hardware components are typically constructed using steel or steel and zinc alloys whilst the casing requires tough, ABS (acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene) plastic housing.
Metal hardware requires top-quality metalworking equipment with a high-level of precision, whilst the outer plastic casing is cast by applying pressure and heat into to a mold until the plastic has cooled into shape.
The optical glass is formed by mixing the appropriate raw materials and proportions of each with waste glass of the same type. This is then heated in a glass furnace until reaching a liquid state (typically around 1400 degrees). The temperature is then raised until air bubbles rise to the surface of the mixture, it is then slowly cooled and stirred until it becomes an extremely thick liquid that can be poured into a mold. Once the mixture has cooled to around (300 degrees), it is reheated to remove internal stresses which can form and weaken the glass during the cooling period.
The lens is produced by cutting the finished optical glass into a curve (blank) with a rotating cylindrical cutter with a diamond blade. From here, a cast iron grinding surface is placed and moves across the lens, along with a continuous flow of water, abrasive liquid and coolant (slurry). Once complete, the lenses are moved to a polishing machine that uses a polishing substance similar to a slurry without the abrasive material. The lenses are finished with a coating of magnesium fluoride.
This introduction to microscopes from Made How provides further details on how microscopes are manufactured today.
Part 2: Using a Microscope
Who uses a microscope?
Microscopes are typically used in any situation requiring highly detailed images of an object that cannot be seen by the naked eye. They are commonly used in science laboratories, medical research, food testing and in schools.
Science laboratories and research centres use microscopes to closely examine chemicals, compounds and particles. Scientists frequently use microscopes as a means of discovery, with more advanced electron microscopes being used to analyse the ultrastructure of microorganisms, molecules, crystals and metals. Researchers and Palaeontologists may also use high-powered digital microscopes for examining the fossils of plants, dinosaurs and mammals.
Medical institutions use microscopes to provide closer examination of specimens such as bacteria, parasites and intricate cell structures. By using a microscope, medical professionals can detect anomalies in cells, including red and white blood cells caused by viruses, diseases and bacteria. Once identified, medical scientists can develop and test new vaccinations and treatments to alleviate sickness and prevent harmful symptoms.
Microscopes are commonly used in food testing facilities for monitoring the rate of bacteria growth on food products. By placing small food samples under a microscope lens, food testing scientists can precisely analyse the individual elements within a given sample, including additives, genetically modified organisms (GMO’s), traces of pesticides, or food bacteria such as salmonella.
Basic-level microscopes are frequently found in schools, universities and colleges in order to conduct science experiments. Amateur microscopes are used in school science experiments to examine small liquid and food samples as part of the education curriculum. More advanced microscopes are confined to university level students and hobbyists for use in many of the fields detailed above.
Types of microscope
The most common type of microscope. Compound microscopes consist of two optical lens: the eyepiece (also called ocular) which has a long focal length and low magnification, and the objective lens, which is placed close to the object and has a short focal distance.
Inverted microscopes provide an alternative design to standard compound microscopes. These instruments have a light source and condenser on the top pointing down to the stage, whilst the objectives and turret are located below the stage pointing up.
Light microscopes (phase contrast, fluorescence and polarising)
Light microscopes have a lighting element that employs visible light and magnifying lenses in order to closely examine tiny specimens not visible to the naked eye. Many varieties of microscope fall within this category however the most popular types of light microscope include phase contrast, fluorescence and polarising microscopes.
Phase contrast microscopes employ the phase contrast optical technique that coverts phase shifts in light to brightness changes in the image when passing through a transparent specimen.
Fluorescence microscopes use fluorescence or phosphorescence in order to generate an image of a sample. These instruments require intense illumination found in xenon arc lamps or lasers that typical halogen lamps cannot provide.
Polarising microscopes employ polarised light as a contrast enhancing technique in order to examine the three-dimensional structure of specimens. The difference between regular un-polarised and polarised light is that polarised light shows light waves that vibrate in one direction only (which cannot normally be seen). Un-polarised light found in other types of light microscopes have light waves vibrating in multiple, random directions. Consequently, polarised light can improve the image quality of microscopes when viewing direction-dependent (anisotropic) specimens.
Electron microscopes are highly-advanced microscopes that uses a beam of electrons in order to create images of a given specimen. These microscopes provide much higher magnifications and resolutions than a standard light microscope. This instrument allows you to view specimens to an exceptionally high level of detail.
Another variation of a light microscope, stereo microscopes (also known as a dissecting microscope) are designed for low magnification examinations. They are typically used to reflect light from the surface of an object rather than transmitting through it.
Metallurgical microscopes are heavy-duty, industrial microscopes with a reflected light source and large specimen stages. These instruments are commonly used for analysing opaque objects and can be used for inspecting the coating or layer thickness of metals and electrical components.
Part 3: Choosing a microscope
How to choose a microscope
Choosing the right microscope for your needs can be difficult as you will need to have an idea of your magnification requirements, the necessary applications and your budget before making your decision. We have put together a brief checklist of things to consider when buying a microscope:
What do I need a microscope for?
Simple, yet often overlooked. When starting out, you should first take note of the objects you want to examine. If you are analysing opaque surfaces rather than translucent specimens then you are likely to need to metallurgical microscope, whilst if you intend on examining tiny particles, then you are going to need a more advanced model such as an electron microscope.
How often would I use the microscope?
This may be important for hobbyists or individuals. If you only intend to use this recreationally or as a one-off, then you should probably ask yourself whether buying a microscope is the right option for you. It is sometimes possible to borrow microscopes or for companies to lend out more expensive scientific instruments.
How much am I willing to spend?
Microscopes are quite expensive instruments, therefore you should know your budget before investing.
What level of magnification do I need?
Specimens come in all shapes and sizes. The level of detail you require is going to differ depending on the object, sample size, required depth and priority.
Microscopes offered by The Measurement Shop UK
The OBS microscope is a low-cost, solid and simple microscope suitable for schools, colleges and general training on how to use a microscope. This model can examine translucent, thin and other less complex samples including plant tissues and coloured cells.
The OBL employs phase contact microscopy techniques suitable for a wide range of applications, including haematology, microbiology, oncology and similar. This model is exceptionally useful for extremely translucent, thin, low-contrast and challenging samples such as bacteria and mammal cells.
The Kern OBN fluorescence microscope is a superb, premium laboratory microscope for examining extremely translucent and challenging samples such as immunofluorescence, fish and DAPI staining. The OBN is frequently used for medical based microscopy, as well as in sewage treatment plants, vets, breweries and for water analysis.
The OCL is a robust, easy-to-use microscope for producing high-quality images for common routine applications. This particular microscope is perfect for research and monitoring the breeding of cells and tissue cultures; especially useful for viewing samples in culture vessels, petri dishes and flasks.
Kern’s OKM metallurgical microscope is a stable, industrial digital microscope which uses reflected light for metallurgy, material testing and quality assurance. This model is suitable opaque and thick samples such as work piece surfaces, fold lines and coatings.
The OPE polarising light microscope is ideal for examining translucent, isotropic materials such as crystals or minerals. The OPE is a mid-range microscope commonly used in mineralogy and crystal observation, texture observations and material testing.
Kern’s OSE stereo microscope is a basic-level, cheap microscope relied upon for conventional applications in schools, workshops and laboratory training. This model focuses on three-dimensional impression of samples such as insects, seeds, circuit boards and other components. Perfect for vitro-fertilisation, the detection of parasites, zoology and botany.
Taking care of your microscope
Taking care of your microscope is essential in order to keep the instrument in good working order. Here are our top tips on taking care of your microscope:
- Careful handling - Improper handling is one of the most common causes of damage to microscopes. Before moving the microscope, ensure that all loose components are removed and that power cables are safely tucked away. When carrying the microscope, it is recommend that you use both hands and support the instrument from below, holding the instrument from the stage or the funnel can cause misalignment.
- Keep your microscope clean - It is recommended that oil immersion is used to carefully clean your microscope. It is crucial that lenses are touched as little as possible as they are notoriously difficult to clean. Do not use damaging solvents.
- Cover and store safely - Microscope protective covers can prevent the build-up of dust and protect the instrument from liquids and chemicals. Ensure that your microscope is stored in a dry, well-ventilated area.
- Refer to the user manual - Following correct operation outlined by the microscope’s user manual is necessary for ensuring that your balance continues to work as it should.
- A microscope is an optical instrument or device used to view objects that are too small to be seen by eye.
- This microscope works by passing light through a sample in order to produce an image.
- The first defined compound microscope was invented in the early 17th century.
- Microscopes are commonly used in science, food, medical and education to examine bacteria, cell structures and other tiny specimens.
- There are a wide variety of microscopes available including compound, inverted, stereo and light microscopes.
- Microscopes can be expensive pieces of equipment if looking to buy.
- Ensure that you are following correct procedure when taking care of your microscope to prevent damage over time.


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text:
Boise Police arrested James E. Van Camp after they say he was approaching students around lunch time on Friday.
A student resource officer at Boise High School says the 42-year-old Boise man was acting strangely and yelling obscenities at students as they returned from lunch.
The SRO placed the school in "shelter in place" mode while officers looked for the man.
Van Camp was quickly located on nearby State Street, between 5th and 6th streets, and took him into custody.
Police say Van Camp had a misdemeanor warrant. He is also charged with misdemeanor disturbing the peace.

domain: sociology


text:
Ask Emeli Sandé for a gig in your city
people have asked for a Emeli Sandé gig
- Jessie J in York
- Adele in Brighton
- Adele in Bristol
- Bruno Mars in Newcastle-upon-Tyne
- Olly Murs in Harrogate
- Adele in Gibraltar
- Jessie J in Nottingham
- Beyoncé in Plymouth
- Jessie J in Cardiff
- Jessie J in Leeds
- Olly Murs in Bristol
- Olly Murs in Nottingham
- Jessie J in Manchester
- Beyoncé in Southend
- Olly Murs in Dunstable
- Bruno Mars in Plymouth
- Rebecca Ferguson in Bournemouth
- Leona Lewis in Hull
Demand a gig in your city from your favourite artist
- Choose an artist, your city and make your demand.
- Spread the word to your friends.
- Make a widget to promote your demand.