This action might not be possible to undo. Are you sure you want to continue?
“A particular model of dealing with climate change is dying. It is revealing itself before the world as nothing more than a final scramble for the remaining resources of a planet in peril.” –Naomi Klein
The sooner we realize that poli-
ticians and corporations will not solve the climate crisis, the sooner we can get to the real work of building a strong grassroots people’s movement – our only hope for survival. In that regard, the failure in of the December 2009 UN climate meetings in Copenhagen may be a great opportunity. The inability of world leaders to cooperate rather than compete, to put a livable planet ahead of their own economic interests, is the death of their legitimacy. When rich nations draft a secret agreement that commits our planet to warming another 3 degrees Celsius, we can feel the noose tightening. When Obama comes
to the table with a pledge to cut emissions by 4 percent, we know this spells genocide for island nations. When civil society groups are banned from the climate talks, but corporate lobbyists are allowed to remain, it is obvious where the politician’s loyalties lie. It is not just the politicians and CEOs who are walking us down the gangplank. Many in the climate movement have grown all too cozy with the status quo. The “bold” action they call for will result in the privatization of the air, to be divided up by mega-polluters. Their demands for carbon neutrality seek to offset our problems onto poor countries while the rich keep burning and consuming. Their
vision of a “clean energy future” would perpetuate the corporate control of our energy and of the Earth itself. Meanwhile hyperconsumerism, corporate power, war-mongering and global dominance by wealthy countries – the roots of the climate crisis – remain side issues skirted around as if they were not the central pillars of the high-carbon economy. Those who still cling to the old climate movement have committed themselves to a sinking ship. Fortunately, just as the legitimacy of their approach is dying, a new movement is alive and kicking. As world leaders jockeyed for their piece of the atmosphere in Copenhagen, hundreds of thousands were taking the streets worldwide fighting for real climate solutions. Hundreds of delegates braved police truncheons as they attempted to walk out of the UN climate talks to meet the thousands already assembled to create a people’s climate assembly. In the United Kingdom 200 activists occupied Trafalgar Square to set up a climate camp. In Australia, forty people blocked the world’s largest coal export terminal. Canadian activists repeatedly occupied government offices. Subsistence farmers from around the world took the streets to demand community control of sustainable food systems.
The US saw a massive day of coordinated direct actions leading up to the COP15 talks on November 30, the 10 year anniversary of the protests that shutdown the WTO meetings in Seattle. Earth First! and Rising Tide blocked the shipment of the generator destined for the Cliffside Coal plant in NC. The Mobilization for Climate Justice shut down the San Francisco headquarters of Bank of America, while Seattle activists locked down inside Chase and Bank of America branches for their funding of fossil fuels. Activists in Chicago locked down in front of the Chicago Climate Exchange, the largest carbon trading institution in North America, shutting down part of the city’s financial district. Protestors in Washington, DC took over K Street to confront corporate lobbyists. In New York City activists occupied the lobby of Natural Resource Defense Council to protest their cozy relationship with major polluters. As it becomes increasingly clear our leaders will not protect us, people are taking matters into their own hands. Not only are they fighting back against the corporate assault on our planet, they are actively creating the solutions that will usher in a truly just and sustainable world.
The corporate approach: green capitalism
Wall Street is happy to accommodate some minor changes, as long as we still line up at their cash registers. The reincarnation of capitalism into a clean, green, global warming-fighting-machine is a two-pronged assault on movements fighting for climate justice. First, green capitalism diverts us from fighting for deeper structural change. Instead of questioning car culture as a whole, we are told that all we need to do is buy cars with better gas mileage. Instead of questioning one of the largest drivers of overconsumption, we are to laud Wal-Mart for being the largest distributor of compact fluorescent lightbulbs. Never are we to think about the lands destroyed, the waters poisoned, the people displaced, the sweatshops built and the emissions created in the making of all this new “green” crap. Make no mistake, we do need to change our ways of consumption and production, but the change that is necessary is a collective change of our society, not one of individualized purchasing habits. That is green capitalism’s second angle of attack. As long as we remain separated as individual consumers, “voting with our dollars,” we are not a threat
The story told by the political
and corporate establishment is that climate change is all our fault and that as individuals we are to blame for the current ecological meltdown. This story presumes that we have had some sort of agency over the socio-economic system, commonly known as free market capitalism, into which we were born, and conveniently absolves those that built and aggressively maintain it of any responsibility. The outcome of this logic, that individuals, not the existing system, are responsible has forwarded the idea that only atomized consumers can fight and stop climate change. This individualist mindset diverts us from collective action that challenges the status quo in favor of consumer action, or better yet, “green capitalism.” Every carton of soy milk produced with wind power is a victory for the climate. Every new Prius is a blow against big oil. Corporate America has staged a massive coup on the public consciousness by making the question “What can I do?” synonymous with “what can I buy?”
to the system. It is when we come together for collective action that we are dangerous. Green capitalism denies us our collective power while maintaining our dependence on a funda-mentally unsustainable society.
Carbon markets, the final frontier
Danish police attack climate activists
Instead of recognizing climate change as the ultimate warning that our current systems of organization, energy use, production and consumption are not working, governments and corporations are seizing on climate change as an excuse to embark on yet another round of capital accumulation. The creation of carbon markets which justify further global inequality and resource grabs is the solution they give us. Using the logic of cost effectiveness and creating a “win-win” situation, corporate America tells us to have faith in the markets, that our only option is to allow polluters to buy and sell their way to a better tomorrow through carbon trading. It is disturbing enough that cost effectiveness is given the same consideration as averting a climate meltdown. We might be able to choke down that bitter pill if carbon markets had any promise of actually reducing emissions, but they do not. Both the Kyoto Protocol and the European Union Emissions Trading
System have utterly failed in that regard. To make matters worse some environmental groups are the loudest cheerleaders for carbon markets. Transforming the fundamental elements of life into economic commodities serves only to further concentrate power in the hands of corporate elites, while derailing real solutions to the climate crisis. A just climate future can never be left to the marketplace.
The NGO approach
“We believe that capitalism can work for the planet... By combining corporate leadership with policy and product innovation, we convert today’s marketplace failures into tomorrow’s solutions for the planet.”
–Natural Resource Defense Council
“By working with WWF, you – and the climate – can benefit in a number of ways: reduce energy costs, prepare for new legislation, explore new business opportunities and markets.” –World Wildlife Fund
The approach of the mainstream climate groups is nearly as disastrous as the corporate approach. In fact the lines have been blurred between the two so much it is often hard to distinguish them. Gap Inc. director Robert Fisher sits on the board of the Natural Resources Defense Council; J.P. Morgan executive John Rosenwald and former managing director of Morgan Stanley Kirsten Feldman are trustees for Environmental Defense Fund. Before leaving his job Sierra Club executive director Carl Pope went so far as to publicly advocate for natural gas alongside CEO of Chesapeake Energy Aubrey McClendon. These groups, ostensibly fighting on our behalf, have chosen to ally themselves with the very system that we must dismantle in order to avert climate chaos, showing a glaringly shallow analysis of the climate crisis. The fundamental message coming from mainstream groups is: All we have to do is switch our current society from carbon intensive fuels to low carbon fuel sources and implement energy efficiency mea sures. We don’t have to fundamentally change our lifestyles, or this economic system, we just need to change the energy inputs. Indeed huge corporations can even make money and grow their businesses while reducing emissions. It’s that easy.
From solar power to corporate power
“[The global elite] are committed to one thing and one thing only: the continued success and long-term stability of capitalism as a world system.” –Van Jones reflecting on his experience at the World Economic Forum. Mainstream climate groups view corporations as allies in the fight against climate change. They publicly applaud companies for creating “carbon principles” and hiring Chief Environmental Officers. They enter into public partnerships with major polluters. The Energy Action Coalition’s 2009 Powershift Conference was even sponsored by The Walmart
Not content with mere metaphor, Sierra Club takes greenwashing to a whole new level by partnering with notorious polluter Clorox to market “eco” cleaning products.
Foundation (youth more astute than the Powershift leadership fortunately defaced and removed the banner).
exceed the Earth’s carrying capacity. Infinite growth will ultimately wear out its welcome on a finite planet.
“Productivity and the growth of productivity must be the first economic consideration at all times, not the last.” -William E. Simon, former US Secretary of Treasury
Demanding a “clean energy future” without dismantling corporate power is like putting lipstick on a corpse. Contrary to the claims of the mainstream, fighting climate change is not a profitable endeavor. To reduce emissions wrote in the global North must drastically reduce our consumption of energy and other resources. Corporate profit requires we do otherwise, and they will do everything in their power to maintain the status quo. A corporate “clean energy future” will only maintain the structures of exploitation that are at the root of the climate crisis, disregarding the fact that it is our economic system of ever-expanding production and consumption of the Earth’s resources that has gotten us into this mess. The same corporate logic that blows up mountains for coal will cover poor Saharan countries in solar panels to power Europe’s cities. It will turn North Dakota into a wind colony for California. Left to its own devices, capitalism, regardless of its energy supply, will continue to devour the Earth’s remaining resources until we
The world is made of more than carbon
Mainstream environmental groups fixate on reducing carbon emissions above all environmental and social issues, predictably paving the way for the onslaught of false solutions we find ourselves up against. This shallow line of thinking is what has given birth to the nuclear “renaissance”, offsetting, agrofuels, geo-engineering and other destructive technologies. Most major environmental groups have at their best remained silent on these issues, and at worst have been their chief advocates.
No, we’re not all in this together
Governments, NGOs, and corporations alike promote the idea that “we are all in this together” as if rich and poor share equal responsibility for the climate crisis and face equal consequences. It conveniently redistributes the blame from the rich, where it belongs, onto all people of the world. And it also promotes the notion that we will all suffer from climate change equally, which we know to not be true. This of course has allowed rich nations to conveniently deny their dominant role in perpetuating the climate crisis, while refusing to do anything until poor countries reduce their emissions.
our shoulders to make the deep cuts needed and pay for the damages we have caused. Poor communities, indigenous peoples, subsistence farmers, and all those fighting for climate justice do not share the same interests or responsibilities of the global elite. Climate change will affect us all, but we are not all in this together.
Politicians, the other false solution to climate change
Large, primarily DC based environmental groups’ obsessions with electoral politics and lobbying has been detrimental to building grassroots movements for climate justice. Our political system has been corrupted beyond repair by corporate interests. There is hardly a politician in DC who The Global North is responsible for is not in the pocket of one industry or the lion’s share of historical emis- another. When push comes to shove, sions, and responsibility falls on politicians will side with their corporate donors, and it is those corpora“…in ‘08, we voluntions who are killing the planet. Yet teered for campaigns, despite all evidence to the contrary, filled polling booth lines, mainstream groups tell us if we just and rocked the political vote for the right candidate and keep writing our representatives, they will establishment.” eventually listen.
–Energy Action Coalition
Are we really “rocking the political establishment” by inviting politicians like Nancy Pelosi to speak at our conferences or begging Obama to go to Copenhagen, knowing full well his “mandate” is so weak the rest of the world would laugh if the climate crisis were not so deadly serious? Are campaigns like “Powervote” building our movement, or the Democratic Party? Look at what a self-described progressive president, with the largest Democratic majority in congress in a generation have gotten us: The war in Iraq continues. The war in Afghanistan is escalating. Healthcare reform is a giant handout to the private insurance industry. Deportation raids on immigrant communities continue. The War on Terror is bleeding into Pakistan and Yemen. Did we mention that Senate Democratic leaders have stated they won’t even try to bring climate change legislation to a vote in 2010?
We are supposed to drop grassroots campaigning every time there is an election to achieve this!? A movement locked in orbit around election cycles is doomed to start from scratch every 2-4 years. Social movements should not be beholden to the pendulum swings of electoral politics and instead should focus on building a movement powerful enough to achieve the gains we need no matter who is in power. Instead of building an opposition movement many NGOs have chosen to curry favor with politicians in exchange for a few crumbs of influence. Far from challenging the political system these NGOs have by and large become an appendage of it.
“You can cut all the flowers but you cannot keep spring from coming.”-Pablo Neruda
The totality of the climate
crisis is what makes it so utterly terrifying – yet also what gives us hope. Never has it been so clear that we cannot settle for half measures and petty reforms. If we do not stop burning fossil fuels and destroying ecosystems, much of humanity and millions of other species will perish. Politicians can offer 10 percent cuts here, a few a billion dollars there, but we all know these offers are our death sentences. Averting ecological meltdown demands uncompromising action. The change we need will not come from those who seek to represent us: politicians, corporations, and top-down NGOs. We will only avert catastrophic climate change when people stand together and fight back. This means getting organized in our communities to directly disrupt the corporate assault on our planet as well as creating sustainable lifeways.
It is time to match our actions with the severity of the climate crisis. The climate movement needs to shift gears from what has been a largely symbolic movement to one that is directly disrupting destructive industries. Symbolic actions have and will continue to play an important role in getting our message out and shifting the terms of the debate. But we cannot win with a grassroots public relations campaign alone. The clock is ticking. We can’t block a coal plant for a couple hours and hand ourselves over to the police once we are satisfied that the media has picked up the story. Our movement needs to judge its progress not by how many media hits our action got nor how many people read our blogs, but by how many power plants we’ve put out of business and how many people get
their food from neighborhood gardens instead of grocery stores. To achieve this we need a global movement of movements based around core principles of climate justice, building power from below, direct action and solidarity.
Death by a thousand cuts “The degree to which you resist is the degree to which you are free.” -Utah Philips
Too many climate groups fight climate change in the same way a traditional military approaches war, putting all their energy into combating centralized seats of power. We believe the opposite is necessary. We propose an asymmetrical assault on the fossil fuel industry. Stop focusing on the DC beltway and giant UN meetings. The most promising struggles are coming out of communities from Alberta to Appalachia who refuse to step down until their homes are free from dirty energy. While mainstream groups spend millions failing to pass even the most meager and inadequate climate legislation, frontline communities around the world are actively stemming the tide of new fossil fuel infrastructure.
One of our primary strategies to reduce emissions should be to support and escalate frontline struggles against the fossil fuel industry. Fights against fossil fuel extraction are particularly strategic. By disrupting the points of extraction we can prevent those fossil fuels from being burnt and increase the costs (both political and economic) of production, while protecting the carbon-absorbing ecosystems standing above them. The majority of fossil fuel extraction takes place in wilderness areas, indigenous peoples’ lands, and rural communities where people still depend on the land for at least a portion of their sustenance. Stopping extraction helps maintain these low-carbon cultures by protecting healthy ecosystems that provide communities with food, water, medicine and shelter.
Earth First! blocks a natural gas power plant under construction in Florida.
While our most immediate task is stopping new fossil fuel infrastructure, we must not lose sight of the fact that to reign in emissions, we must ultimately shut down all existing fossil fuel plants. We cannot remain simply an anti-coal movement only to become a de facto pro-natural gas movement. We cannot fight fossil fuels only to have them replaced by nuclear power and ethanol. Our task is to make it too expensive, too difficult, and too controversial for the dirty energy industry to continue. Wherever they meet we will disrupt their meetings. Wherever they mine we will occupy their machines. Wherever their CEOs live there will be protests in their front yards. Wherever their offices are, their doors will be blocked. Whoever funds them will be given hell.
Direct action, direct results
On November 28, 2008 a single activist breached the security of one of the most heavily guarded coal power plants in Britain, climbed two 10-foot electrified razor wire fences, and disabled a 500 MW turbine - enough to power an entire city. The unknown person left a calling card reading “no new coal” and left the same way they came. British papers say that for the four hours the plant was shut down, Britain’s climate change emissions were decreased by about 2 percent. This is a fine example of direct action going beyond symbolic gestures to actually reducing emissions.
No war, no warming
A notable missing link within our climate movement, even in circles that are more concerned with social justice issues, is a connection with the anti-war movement. Not only is the US military the biggest consumer of fossil fuels in the world, it is often the preferred tool to secure energy supplies for the US. The war in Iraq, military aid to Colombia, saber-rattling against Iran and Venezuela, the recent establishment of a military command post known as AFRICOM to oversee Western Africa’s oil reserves --the common thread through all of these military maneuvers is that these countries sit on large stocks of oil. We must resist these acts of aggression and conquest as strongly as we resist dirty energy projects in our own backyards.
UK activists breach the fence during a mass action at the Kingsnorth coal plant
“There is a climate crisis around and no amount of free trade, capital or technology will eliminate the roots of this crisis. You forget that the crisis has emanated from the way your society is structured - an edifice based on an unending desire for resources and a way of life that sees nature as an object of exploitation and extraction.”-National Forum of Forest Peoples and Forest Workers, India
No Borders: Immigration and climate justice
Climate change is creating and will continue to create massive displacements of peoples from their communities and countries. The US has already seen the large-scale displacement of people within its borders in the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina. The response to human migration from governments is to build walls, militarize borders, and declare entire populations of people illegal. The climate movement must stand in solidarity with peoples displaced by the impacts of rich nations’ emissions and false solutions. This means active opposition to racist anti-immigrant policies while joining in struggle and building solidarity with communities
displaced by pollution and economic policies. We need to be especially vigilant in fighting right-wing attempts to push their racist agenda in the name of saving the environment.
In the shadows of these wars between nation states there are low-intensity conflicts and civil wars fought every day between people defending their communities and the forces of global capital exploiting them for energy extraction and other resources. While nearly every country under the thumb of the old European empires threw off the yoke of colonialism years ago, few have escaped the grip of economic imperialism. Free trade agreements, International Monetary Fund structural adjustments programs, World Bank loans and even development aid play a major role in ensuring that poor countries are “open for business” to rich countries and corporations. These days, economic policies are just as important as war (if not more so) in opening new corners of the world to exploitation by multinational corporations.
tures by cutting off global capital’s access to those parts of the world that have thus far escaped it.
Road blockades in Peru A clear example is the US-Peru free trade agreement passed last year. The agreement stipulated that in exchange for preferential trade treatment Peru must open up the Amazon to oil extraction. Upon implementation indigenous communities shut down much of the country’s infrastructure in protest of their lands being sold to foreign oil companies. The Peruvian military killed over 100 protesters. In the end the Peruvian Congress reversed its decision to open up indigenous lands to oil drilling, but it remains to be seen how long this reversal will last. Fighting these brutal economic policies is a necessary component of any movement which takes a holistic approach to climate justice. We can have real and lasting impacts protecting ecosystems, keeping fossil fuels in the ground, and defending subsistence cul-
As one movement among many fighting for a just future, we must always remember that our struggles are connected. Poor families resisting evictions are fighting the same corporations responsible for funding fossil fuel extraction. Our struggle against liquefied natural gas terminals in the US is connected to the struggle of the Ogoni people for autonomy in the Niger Delta. Wherever possible we need to find common cause with other movements and extend our solidarity to them. For those of us not living on the frontlines there are still many ways to support frontline struggles. Organizing fundraisers, educational events, and solidarity protests can make a world of difference for communities fighting on the frontlines by providing tangible support as well as breaking the isolation. International human rights solidarity around fossil fuel exploitation – which is all but absent in the current climate
“The same power that manifests itself as resource extraction in the countryside, manifests itself as racism, classism, and human exploitation in the city. The ecology movement must recognize that we are just one front in a long, proud, history of resistance.” -Judi Bari
movement – unites causes that should not be separated. We can learn from movements like the Students for a Free Tibet whose direct actions have targeted embassies, consulates, and prominent international gatherings. The last thing any government wants is their internal “problems” to unfold on the international stage. Often times a simple demonstration at an embassy can mean the difference between life and death for activists facing repression in other countries.
U’wa vs. Occidental Petroleum
In the late 90’s Occidental Petroleum (OXY) announced its intention to drill for oil on the U’wa tribe’s traditional land within Colombia. The U’wa consider oil to be the blood of Mother Earth and were militantly opposed to OXY’s attempt to exploit their lands. They gained international attention when the entire tribe threatened to commit mass suicide if the company continued its efforts. An international solidarity campaign was soon launched to support the U’wa’s struggle. While the U’wa held off incursions into their territory with blockades, activists around the world used direct action against Fidelity Investments and other major OXY investors. In 2000, US activists disrupted over 100 of Al Gore’s presidential campaign appearances due to his inconvenient stock holdings and personal ties with OXY. By 2002, with grassroots action showing no sign of letting up, OXY announced they were withdrawing all operations from U’wa territory. While the U’wa continue to prevent oil extraction on their reservation, oil companies still threaten parts of their traditional territory not recognized by the Colombian government. The climate movement has much to learn from the U’wa’s struggle and other international solidarity campaigns to defend the Earth.
The way we fight is vjust as important as what we fight. The climate movement needs to be a movement that destroys power from above while building it from below. We need to take action in a way that empowers, inspires, and grows our movement. Climate Justice
Most in the climate movement acknowledge that those least responsible for the climate crisis are the ones who are suffering from it the most. While many groups have raised the banner of climate justice, not all live up to it. Climate justice has its roots in grassroots social movements from around the world. It is the recognition that the historical responsibility for the vast majority of greenhouse gas emissions lies with the industrialized countries of the global north. It is the understanding that peasants, indigenous peoples, fisher-folk, women, people of color and poor communities have been disproportionately affected by climate change, as well as by the fossil fuel industry and by false solutions to climate change, such as tree plantations, genetically modified organisms like crops, large scale hydro projects and agrofuels. Climate justice recognizes that instead of market-based solutions, the sustainable practices of these peoples and communities offer the real solutions to climate change. Climate justice is the fundamental knowledge that climate change cannot be addressed through corporations and the market as these are the entities that caused the problem in the first place. Climate justice must not be dumbed down into just another catch phrase for a photo-op, or watered down to mean nothing more than “do something for the climate”, nor can it be sponsored by carbon offset companies such as TckTckTck’s timeforclimatejustice.org. Climate justice must be a guiding principle of the climate movement, which means that how we go about averting the climate crisis is just as important as stopping it. Climate justice demands that we go beyond vague calls for “bold legislation” and challenge the systemic root causes of this crisis.
Mobilization for Climate Justice occupies an intersection in San Francisco
Take Back the Land
In response to ongoing gentrification and the lack of affordable housing in Miami, a group called Take Back the Land (TBTL) occupied an abandoned lot that had been vacant for 8 years in order to provide housing for the city’s homeless. Rather than ask the city to build affordable housing, TBTL decided to take direct action and create housing themselves. Once they secured the land, tents and wooden shacks went up to provide shelter. Within months Umoja Village housed over 50 people. Residents ran the Village, voting on what to build, how to distribute donations, move in new residents and planting a community garden. Umoja Village was able to hold off eviction for several months due to widespread community support, and the embarrassing position the city of Miami would be in for destroying poor peoples’ homes. Just as Umoja Village was gearing up to celebrate it’s 6 month anniversary by building more permanent structures and digging a community well, a mysterious fire burnt the Village to the ground. Police used the opportunity to arrest several residents and proceeded to erect a barbed wire fence around the property. Despite this setback TBTL continues its efforts to empower homeless and low-income residents to find housing. Their most recent campaign involves moving families into abandoned and foreclosed homes as well as helping people resist evictions.
Organizing for community power
Mainstream environmental groups have more often then not reduced the concept of community organizing to canvassing to raise money for their DC offices, signing petitions, and running shadow campaigns for the Democratic Party. These efforts do nothing to build power within our communities and serve to divert our movements from more meaningful efforts.
Effective community organizing builds the power of communities to fight back as well as implement sustainable solutions on their own terms. It breaks individuals out of their isolation and bring them together for collective action. Community organizing must provide people with the tools and skill sets to organize themselves.
A successful movement empowers people to take an active and equal part in the struggle by organizing in egalitarian ways. Many groups already operate in this manner by using consensus decision making and structuring themselves as a collective team where every participant’s voice is important and the goals of actions are to increase everyone’s skills and abilities as organizers. Alongside our efforts in non-hierarchical organizing, we need to put serious effort into combating classism, racism, sexism, ageism and the many other forces of domination within our movement. Focusing on anti-oppression is difficult but essential to building a broad movement for climate justice.
Democratizing direct action
The professionalization (perceived or otherwise) of direct action skills is a real obstacle to building a vibrant direct action movement and is a great place for rapid change in our organizing culture. Let’s be clear, you need not a masters degree from the Greenpeace (or Rising Tide) School of Civil Disobedience in order to organize effective and empowering direct actions! Sexy banner drops off of Mt. Rushmore are no doubt impressive and have their place in our toolkit. But the money and technical skills required for such actions are largely out of reach for most of us who are ready and willing to take direct action.
One tactic that our movement should continue to utilize as we seek to build a culture of resistance is the Climate Camp (or Convergence) model. Climate Camps are radically different from the standard conference. They are a participant-created, temporary community that comes together to share skills and information, network, strategize, and take action. These gatherings provide newcomers with valuable trainings, allow for the cross-pollination of a multitude of local struggles, and most importantly create the type of camaraderie and unity that foster a strong direct action oriented movement. The climate camp tradition of ending each gathering with a direct action creates a unique opportunity for mass participation in creating empowering actions, breaking down the myth of “don’t try this at home.” Newcomers are able to participate at a level they might not feel comfortable with without the more experienced activists on hand. More experienced activists are able to pass their knowledge on to newer ones, allowing for these newcomers to bring their skills back to their communities.
There is an unfortunate notion that direct action is something that “those people do.” You do not need to be a superhero, or have years of training to engage in direct action. Direct action has and always will be a tool of grassroots movements. All you need is your body and the courage to stand up to those destroying our planet. We believe it is a responsibility of all groups engaged in direct action to share their skills and create opportunities to grow the movement. For every action Greenpeace spends fifty thousand dollars on, they might consider supporting fifty community activist groups with a thousand dollars to organize their own actions! As grassroots activists, we need to ensure that our actions are open and inclusive to those not accustomed to direct action. Our actions should serve as training for less experienced activists, to give them the skills and experience to carry out such actions themselves in the future. Grassroots groups have successfully shut down power plants, blocked roads, and occupied offices on a budget ranging from zero to a few hundred dollars raised from benefit concerts and spaghetti dinners.
On December 22, 2008, the rural community of Harriman, TN was buried under 1.1 billion gallons of fly ash sludge that broke loose from the nearby Kingston coal plant operated by the Tennessee Valley Authority. Houses were destroyed, drinking water poisoned, lives ruined. TVA reacted in typical fashion, denying the toxicity of the poisonous sludge, telling residents their water was safe to drink, and preventing journalists from entering the disaster zone. Within days, activists with United Mountain Defense, aided by the broader Mountain Justice network, were on the ground to support the community of Harriman. Despite harassment and arrests by TVA police seeking to cover up the disaster, UMD was able to distribute clean drinking water, provide water tests, raise $15,000 to pay for medical tests, and help residents organize community meetings. Activists also focused on media, ensuring that the disaster received national attention, and organized protests at TVA’s headquarters. More disasters from hurricanes to oil spills are inevitable. The climate movement should prepare itself for these “rapid response” situations and be ready to provide physical support and political solidarity to impacted communities.
Fighting is not enough. While we attack the roots causes of climate change, steadily chipping away at its foundations, we must also be planting the seeds of the new world in the cracks and fissures we create. The solutions to the climate crisis will come from people joining together and creating sustainable systems in their own communities. There is no silver bullet that will save us all. There is no one solution that can be imposed from afar by governments or charity groups to usher in this new world. What works in the Sonoran Desert does not necessarily make sense for Appalachia. Every bioregion has the resources for our survival. It is how we choose to engage with our human and natural communities that will determine whether we can inhabit a livable planet or consume our way to our own demise. Real solutions to the climate crisis are local in nature, easily reproducible on a community scale, democratically controlled and accessible to everyone, not just an eco-bourgeoisie that can afford a “green” lifestyle. What follows are a few, of many, starting points for communities to begin the transition.
Growing local food systems
We can make significant cuts in emissions by localizing our food systems and implementing sustainable agricultural practices. According to Via Campesina, when the entire lifecycle of our globalized food system is taken into account it is responsible for between 44 and 57 percent of total greenhouse gas emissions. This makes food a very logical place to start. Small, diversified farms are capable of producing more calories per acre than large-scale monocultures. They are more resilient to climatic changes, and are far less energy and water intensive. When done correctly, organic agriculture actually sequesters significant amounts of carbon into the soil.
What is most promising about creating local and sustainable food systems is that the means are readily available to us. New expensive technologies are not required and the necessary skills are easy to learn and pass on. The main impediment to creating sustainable food systems is access to land, possibly the longest running source of conflict between rich and poor. Converting our lawns and the occasional abandoned lot to gardens is a good start but will only get us so far. Part of our work in growing local food systems is ensuring that communities have access to the land needed to grow food whether it be through land trusts or land occupations.
Healthy ecosystems are essential to stabilizing the climate, maintaining biodiversity, clean drinking water, and many other things we take for granted. We can improve the well-being of our communities and help maintain the web of life by restoring the ecosystems we live in. This can be as easy as letting a field grow back to its natural state or as complex as removing a dam to restore the natural flow of a river. Planting native trees to stop erosion, restoring wetlands, propagating endangered plants, and ripping up concrete on abandoned lots are all low tech projects that we can implement in our communities to help the Earth in the slow process of healing.
community such as food, water, and transportation and implement ways to meet those needs in a sustainable manner. In some cases transition towns are an informal group of people working to make their communities more sustainable. In other cases local governments have committed themselves to being a transition town. The Transition Town model of communities taking the initiative to implement holistic solutions to our ecological crisis, rather than waiting for others to do it for them, is one of many ways we can begin creating positive change.
Transition Towns are a global movement of communities that are organizing themselves to create the transition from fossil fuels within their towns and cities. Transition Towns examine the needs of their
Community controlled power production
What energy sources we use and how we use them is perhaps the most difficult question to answer. Even wind and solar require metals that are more often than not obtained through mining practices that are just as destructive as mountaintop removal coal mining. Large-scale energy grids are highly inefficient and keep us dependent on corporate and government power monopolies. Community controlled power production, as defined by Scott Kellogg and Stacey Pettigrew of the Rhizome Collective, may be our best chance at producing energy in a clean and just manner: “It is in the interest of sustainable communities to develop autonomous energy. Autonomous energy comes from sources where the means of extraction, development, maintenance, and disposal can be managed completely on the scale of a villagesized community, or by an equivalently sized neighborhood in a city. The energy source must be renewable and non-polluting in nature, decentralized in structure, and most importantly, give total control of its processes to the people who are using it.”
A wealth of great shorter analysis on climate movement strategy can be found at these websites:
-climateactioncafe.wordpress.com -turbulence.org.uk -www.redpepper.org.uk/-Greenpepper -thechangeagency.org
Books and longer pieces on movements and strategy:
Critical Currents no. 6: Contours of Climate Justice – Ideas for shaping new climate and energy politics Stop Global Warming–Change the World By Jonathan Neale Horizontalism: Voices of Popular Power in Argentina by Marina Sitrin Globalize Liberation, How to Uproot the System and Build a Better World by David Solnit Direct Action: An Ethnography by David Graeber
Toolkit for Sustainable City Living, Kellog & Pettigrew Gaia’s Garden, Toby Hemenway The New Organic Grower, Coleman
Books on sustainability:
Rising Tide is an international all-volunteer grassroots network of groups and individuals who promote local, community -based solutions to the climate crisis and take direct action to confront the root causes of climate change. Rising Tide was born out of the conviction that corporate-friendly “solutions” to climate change will not save us and that most government efforts are halfmeasures at best. We organize through decentralized local groups that support one another through shared resources, ideas, fundraising and training. The international Rising Tide network now spans countries on four continents. We know that whatever we achieve in our local struggles is amplified by the energy of the growing global movement for climate justice.
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- David Pratt, South African imprisoned for resisting Apartheid
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Beautiful bronze statuette of André René Varnier. Piece rare - art deco period. The sculpture is in perfect condition. Green and brown patina with wear of time. Marble base (with radiance) view photos.
Ultra protected neat shipment bubble in a dual card. Very beautiful bronze statuette by René André Varnier. Quite unusual piece - deco period art.
The sculpture is in perfect condition: green and brown patina. Piece unsigned but well indexed. Marble base (with a shine) see pictures. Careful dispatch protected under ultra bubble in double cardboard box. The item \The seller is \This article can be shipped worldwide.

domain: design


text:
54937 people died In Scotland in 2012. Here’s how.
I liked the study published this week by David Clark and Christopher Isles.
On 31st March 2010 there were 10,743 inpatients in 25 Scottish teaching and general hospitals.
One year later 3098 (29%) were dead.
That sounds a lot and is a lot. As the authors point out, the study is biased to long term inpatients as it is a prevalent sample (those in hospital) rather than an incident sample (those admitted to hospital). The latter would be more informative to us in surgery.
Another important observation: of those that died, 32% did so during the index admission.
Our acute hospitals are not set up to be good places to die. They could and should be better.
The focus of care may too often be cure, doctors treating illnesses rather than patients. We are fortunate to have excellent palliative care services within our hospital, but the recent media outrage on the Liverpool Care Pathway has left many clinicians uncertain when looking after patients at the end of life. There is no lack of compassion, but a definite of education. This must improve if care is to get better.
Finally, the study reports in the abstract and throughout that men were more likely to die than women. It is unusual that neither the authors, reviewers nor editors picked up that this statement is based on a non-significant result, odds ratio: 1.18, 95% confidence interval: 0.95–1.47. There is no gender effect in the final model.
Checklists have consistently been shown to be associated with a reduction in death and complications following surgery. Since the publication of Atul Gawande’s seminal paper in 2009, checklists have been successfully introduced in a number of countries including Scotland. David Urbach and Nancy Baxter’s New England Journal of Medicine publication stands apart: the checklist made no difference.
Atul Gawande himself responded quickly asking two important questions. Firstly, were there sufficient patients included in the study to show a difference? Secondly, was the implementation robust and was the programme in place for long enough to expect a difference be seen.
He and others have reported the power of the study to be low – about 40% – meaning that were the study to be repeated multiple times and a true difference in mortality actually did exist, the chance of detecting it would be 40%. But power calculations performed after the event (post hoc) are completely meaningless – when no effect is seen in a study, the power is low by definition (mathsy explanation here).
There is no protocol provided with the Ontario study, so it is not clear if an estimate of the required sample size had been performed. Were it done, it may have gone something like this.
The risk of death in the Ontario population is 0.71%. This could have been determined from the same administrative dataset that the study used. Say we expect a similar reduction in death following checklist introduction as Gawande showed in 2009, 1.5% to 0.8%. For the Ontario population, this would be equivalent to an expected risk of death of 0.38%. This may or may not be reasonable. It is not clear that the “checklist effect” is the same across patients or procedures of different risks. Accepting this assumption for now, the study would have only required around 8000 patients per group to show a significant difference. The study actually included over 100000 patients per group. In fact, it was powered to show very small differences in the risk of death – a reduction of around 0.1% would probably have been detected.
Similar conclusions can be drawn for complication rate. Gawande showed a reduction from 11% to 7%, equivalent in Ontario to a reduction from 3.86% to 2.46%. The Ontario study was likely to show a reduction to 3.59% (at 90% power).
The explanation for the failure to show a difference does not lie in the numbers.
So assuming then that checklists do work, this negative result stems either from a failure of implementation – checklists were not being used or not being used properly – or a difference in the effect of checklists in this population. The former seems most likely. The authors report that …
… available data did not permit us to determine whether a checklist was used in a particular procedure, and we were unable to measure compliance with checklists at monthly intervals in our analysis. However, reported compliance with checklists is extraordinarily high …
Quality improvement interventions need sufficient time for introduction. In this study, only a minimum of 3 months was allowed which seems crazily short. Teams need to want to do it. In my own hospital there was a lot of grumbling (including from me) before acceptance. When I worked in the Netherlands, SURPASS was introduced. In this particular hospital it was delivered via the electronic patient record. A succession of electronic “baton passes” meant that a patient could not get to the operating theatre without a comprehensive series of checklists being completed. I like this use of technology to deliver safety. With robust implementation, training, and acceptance by staff, maybe the benefits of checklists will also be seen in Ontario.

domain: medical


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A county on the border with Kazakhstan in the Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region is improving its infrastructure and lifting up its poor through cross-border cooperation in agriculture.
Jeminay county was chosen in July 2017 as a pilot zone for the effort. Since then, it has been attracting talent from home and abroad to develop its agricultural industry and promote free trade with its neighbors.
Zhao Wenbo, head of the Jeminay agriculture bureau, said the county has a geographical advantage that allows its products to "walk out".
"Jeminay has great potential for international cooperation," he said.
To make the most of that advantage, bases for agricultural production, processing and transportation have been established in the pilot zone. The county also reached agreements with Kazakhstan and Mongolia to develop cross-border agritourism.
Song Shaowei, head of Jeminay"s poverty alleviation office, said that in addition to agriculture, the move could also promote cooperation in trade, tourism and technology.
"In 2016, Jeminay received more than 40,000 foreign visitors, which shows that it has become an important center for cross-border people exchanges," he said.
Through cross-border collaboration and opening-up, Song said, a large proportion of the poor population in Jeminay has seen an improvement in living conditions through employment or cross-border trade.
"Countries like Kazakhstan and Russia are the major consumers of Jeminay"s vegetables, and the county has established a platform for employing locals in the industry," he said.
According to Song, some 2,000 impoverished farmers turned to organic wheat, in line with Jeminay"s policy to develop green agriculture, and have been reaping financial benefits. More than 2,000 cattle and sheep were raised for export, and 65 impoverished households started home inns to profit from the tourism boom.
To support the pilot zone, the county"s infrastructure has also been improved. The local government and companies have invested some 520 million yuan ($82 million). Electricity, TV service and safe drinking water have now reached every household in the county. Hundreds of kilometers of roads have been built. Some 2,000 rural toilets have been renovated to improve sanitation and attract tourists.
Song said he noted an increase in the number of companies after the infrastructure improved.
"These companies will absorb large numbers of residents and help bring back those who have been educated outside the county," he said.
The county is aiming high. According to the government, Jeminay aims to become a national modern agriculture demonstration zone with well-known farm produce brands by 2022, as well as a portal for transportation of goods that serves the whole region by 2025.glow in the dark wristbands uk cool wristbands jordan wristband rubber silicone bracelets custom cheap plastic wristbands uk

domain: economics


Jul 21, 2010, 6:12 PM EDT
Mike Silverman of the Boston Herald reports that Pedro Martinez has ruled out pitching in 2010. The reason: “Martinez, who will turn 39 in October, decided that he was enjoying the
time off with his family this summer too much to embark on a comeback
for the second season in a row.” However, he said that he’s “wide open” to pitching in 2011.
I guess he anticipates getting tired of spending time with his family come February. Hey, I’ve got a family and I love them, but I can see where he’s coming from.
Left unanswered in all of this is what team in their right mind is going to take a chance on a Pedro Martinez with over a year’s worth of rust on him in 2011, but we can cross that bridge when we come to it.
- Anibal Sanchez loses his bid for a no-hitter with one out in the eighth inning 9
- The Yankees, A-Rod resolve their dispute over the $6 million milestone bonus 28
- Yankees donate $150,000 to charity to get Alex Rodriguez his 3,000th hit ball 17
- Mike Scioscia says Josh Hamilton should apologize to Angels owner Arte Moreno 82
- Settling the Scores: Thursday’s results 54
- Breaking: Cardinals fire their scouting director, likely due to the Astros hacking scandal 61
- Bryce Harper is naked in ESPN’s “Body Issue” 54
- Today is the day: Marlins ace Jose Fernandez returns from Tommy John surgery 4
- Settling the Scores: Sunday’s results (99)
- Mike Scioscia says Josh Hamilton should apologize to Angels owner Arte Moreno (80)
- What Yasiel Puig being a pain in the butt means. And what it doesn’t mean. (78)
- Report: Jerry Dipoto “definitely out” as Angels GM (77)
- Brian Dozier is the best second baseman in baseball (72)


text:
The Churchman : The principles of the the[!] Churchman stated and explained, in distinction from the corruptions of the church of Rome, and from the errors of certain Protestant sects, in a third charge, delivered to the clergy of the Protestant Episcopal Church in the state of Connecticut, at the opening of the convention of said church, in Trinity Church, New-Haven, June, 1818, and subsequently to the clergy of said church in the state of New-York, in St. Peter's Church, Albany, October, 1819 / By John Henry Hobart, D.D., Bishop of the Protestant Episcopal Church in the state of New York, and exercising Episcopal offices, according to the canons, in the state of Connecticut.
- Other Title:
- Principles of the Churchman stated and explained
Churchman: a charge.
- New York : Published by the Protestant Episcopal Tract Society, 1837.
15,  p. ; 18 cm.
- Episcopal Church -- Doctrines.
Episcopal Church -- Liturgy.
- Caption title: The Churchman: a charge.
No. 106 [i.e. a publication of the Protestant Episcopal Tract Society].
Last page blank.
- Local notes:
- No. 1 in a volume of 17 items bound together.
- Penn Chronology:
- Cited in:
- Checklist Amer. imprints 44785
- Protestant Episcopal Tract Society.
|Location||Notes||Your Loan Policy|
|Description||Status||Barcode||Your Loan Policy|

domain: library


text:
Intergraph will host a Discovery Tour event on November 8, 2011 in Athens, Greece that will feature Intergraph CADWorx Plant Professional and CADWorx P&ID Professional, including demonstrations of how they integrate with Intergraph CAESAR II for pipe stress analysis and PV Elite for vessel and exchanger analysis. The presentations will describe how this integration breaks down barriers between engineering and design so that both groups can share information seamlessly in a collaborative work environment, enhancing productivity for all stakeholders. Hosting the event locally will be Intergraph CADWorx & Analysis Solutions dealer DePlan Soft.
To register for this event, visit http://icas.intergraph.com/forms/IDT-Greece-2011. For more information about DePlan Soft, visit http://www.deplan.gr/mixanologiki_sxediasi.asp.
For information on Intergraph CADWorx, visit http://www.intergraph.com/products/ppm/cadworx/. For information on Intergraph’s analysis products visit http://www.intergraph.com/ppm/analysis.aspx.
Nov 2, 2011
- Registration Opens for 2012 AVEVA World UK User Meeting
- Delcam launches DentSCAN dental scanner
- COMET robot machining consortium meets at Fraunhofer
- Delcam's new web site for PartMaker CAM system for production machining
- Aras Expands Global Headquarters for Growth and Announces Several New Job Openings
- LMS to release LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim Rev11
- Autodesk announces an open distribution network in India
- Transformer and AC Line Reactor FEA Design Software Delivers Radical New R&D Productivity for Electrical Manufacturers
- TurboViewer Pro Turns v2.0
- Gstarsoft Highlights New Dynamic Block Editor in GstarCAD 2012

domain: news


text:
In the spate of gruesome heat late last month, the Institute of Contemporary Art opened its East Boston Watershed annex for the season in the most literal of ways, with industrial garage doors flung wide to let a thick sea breeze flow from end to end.
Its cooling effect was minimal, though welcome all the same — and not just for slight relief from the heat. High above and draped to one side, the breeze fluttered a canopy of cobalt tarpaulin, flecked with small tears, that threw undulating patterns of light all around. It was a prompt to the imagination: Amid the soft, cascading waves, it wasn’t hard to imagine yourself underwater.
After a yearlong COVID-19 hiatus, the Watershed opened its third season with Firelei Báez’s “To breathe full and free: a declaration, a re-visioning, a correction (19º36′16.9″N 72º13′07.0″W, 42º21′48.762″N 71º1′59.628″W).” It would have opened a year ago, all things being equal. As the pandemic has revealed, they’re not equal and never were, and the project has taken on more urgent meaning in these raw and heightened times. Under the flutter of blue, stony archways lurch in a rough act of becoming. You’ll take your own meaning, but to me, they’re straining for the surface, determined for new life in the bright light of day.
How it is that they’re submerged is a question to ask yourself. Do you know Haiti’s Sans-Souci Palace, the regal home built in 1813 for Henri Christophe, who helped lead the nascent Black republic out of bondage and to freedom in a revolution against its faraway French rulers? Or how the palace was damaged beyond repair by an earthquake in 1842 and now stands in heaps, an inadvertent symbol of the beleaguered country’s long history of tumult, the most recent chapter unfolding just this week with the assassination of President Jovenel Moïse?
It was all new to me until I met Báez at the Watershed in May, where she had her hands full painting batik-style motifs on the ruin’s walls, often with her fingertips. Báez, 40, now based in New York, knew the history well, both from growing up in the Dominican Republic and from her Haitian father. The parallel revolutionary histories of Haiti and the United States — two rebellions within decades of each other, both over European colonial powers — struck her when she arrived here as a student, at least partly for how world histories narrowed to a point in the United States, often to the exclusion of all others.
Take her piece as literally as you can — the coordinates of the title push Sans-Souci and Boston Harbor side by side — and you’ll see the intent: Báez is putting forth the simple notion that, in the colonial world, the quest for freedom from faraway oppressors was not unique to the United States.
But the proposition of “To breathe full and free” is far more expansive. Báez, who works primarily as a painter, has always engaged with narratives of dominance in history — how one story thrives, while another withers in the collective mind-set. Her urges are not literal but poetic — the indifferent churn of time in high-above ripples of shadow and light, the stony silence of a ruined structure freighted with forgotten significance.
In her paintings, old maps of colonized places often appear as motifs to be gently violated, their matter-of-fact surveys painted over with flora and fauna from a place now claimed by another. Just inside the Watershed, a vast mural greets you: Awash in a violent sea are maps and navigational charts in antique script (“The Sea of New England,” “St. George’s Bank”). At one end of the mural, an explosion of color knots tropical motifs — palm fronds and tropical flowers, a clutch of feathers — into a vibrant bouquet of difference.
It’s not hard to see the point. The mural asserts a place for Caribbean history in the violent to-and-fro between Africa and the Americas. It yearns for connection, a memory jog that builds back the presence of those lost in the fairy tale of American Exceptionalism.
“To breathe full and free” intertwines forces seen largely as good — freedom and independence — tainted by prejudice and not worthy of unexamined reverence. Boston Harbor is a resonant place, alive with revolutionary history. The Boston Tea Party of 1773, which took place within easy eyeshot of the Watershed itself, was a key moment leading to the American Revolution.
But the harbor was also the site of a brisk 18th-century slave trade, and later a key entry point for immigration (as well as home to an immigrant detention center). Hidden in the weathered arches of Báez’s listing Sans-Souci are speakers that softly emanate first-person stories of immigrants arriving in Boston to new lives.
The piece asks a simple question to which there’s no adequate justification: Why do some stories rise while others sink to the bottom? A generational allergy to complexity is part of the reason. Boston, a liberal bastion loathe to see itself included in the uglier parts of the country’s history, is another. Báez, for her part, offers a gentle, fantastic reconsideration with fresh learning ripe for the taking.
In Haiti, Sans-Souci is undecorated, a pile of pale stone. In the Watershed, the blue walls of Báez’s version are festooned with patterns and images that evoke West African indigo dye, a popular early-American trade good produced by enslaved people in the South. (Báez imbues hers with revolutionary sentiment: A raised fist that evokes the Black Power movement, a pouncing feline that calls to mind the Black Panthers.) It shouldn’t surprise that Boston Harbor was one of the primary export points for indigo. Profit from slave labor was in the very blood of this city, a wealthy port connected to European markets.
Imperfect freedom has always been the American way. Haiti, in its own struggle for independence, offers some lessons. In a recent interview with NPR, Marlene Daut, a historian at the University of Virginia and the author of several books on the Haitian Revolution, explained how Haiti’s long-ago vision of a free republic might offer some improvements on the US version. The Haitian Revolution had become an all-out anti-slavery war by 1802, driving the country’s constitution to radical egalitarianism: It banned conquest as a national pursuit, explicitly rejecting colonialism. It outlawed slavery, which later inspired abolition movements here in the states. And it demanded a society where merit was the only differentiating factor between individuals, never skin color.
The Declaration of Independence, as we’re now frequently reminded, evaded every one of those points. “(T)he story of the Haitian Revolution and Haitian independence teach us what exactly was missing from the US Declaration of Independence,” Daut told NPR, explaining that the Haitian constitution was more closely a template for the Black Lives Matter movement, which, at its heart, demands the completion of unfulfilled American promise.
All this in mind, “To breathe full and free” is less a title than an aspiration: Of best intentions not met, and the hard learning yet to come.
FIRELEI BÁEZ: TO BREATHE FULL AND FREE: A DECLARATION, A RE-VISIONING, A CORRECTION (19º36′16.9″N 72º13′07.0″W, 42º21′48.762″N 71º1′59.628″W)
At the ICA Watershed, 256 Marginal St., Boston, through Sept. 6. 617-478-3100, www.icaboston.org

domain: geography


text:
Hero is a 2015 Indian Hindi-language romantic action film directed by Nikkhil Advani and co-written by Umesh Bist, a remake of Subhash Ghai's 1983 blockbuster film of the same name, which stars Jackie Shroff.The film starred debutantes Sooraj Pancholi and Athiya Shetty, son of actor Aditya Pancholi and daughter of actor Sunil Shetty respectively Aditya Pancholi (born Nirmal Pancholi) is an Indian film actor, producer and playback singer who appears in Bollywood films. He started his career as a lead actor, though he was more successful in supporting roles and as an antagonist. He received a Filmfare nomination for the Best Performance in a Negative Role for Yes Boss (1997).. Pancholi began his career with television movies produced by. Sooraj Pancholi Biography : Born : 05 July 1990 Age : 24 Height : 5'8″ Religion : Sikh-Punjabi Father's Name : Aditya Pancholi Mother's Name : Zarina Wahab Hobbies : Dance and Martial Arts Sister : Sana Pancholi Of course, you know this young man who was dragged in the case of the infamous Jiah
Sooraj Pancholi is an Indian film actor who appears in Bollywood Hindi films. He debuted in the romantic action film Hero for which he won a Filmfare award for Best Newcomer. He acted in Satellite Shankar. He has appeared in the music videos GF BF and Dim Dim Lights Athiya Shetty (born 5 November 1992) is an Indian actress who appears in Bollywood films. She is the daughter of actor Suniel Shetty.She debuted in the romantic action film Hero for which she received a Filmfare award nomination for the Best Female Debut Sooraj Pancholi is an Indian actor and son of actor Aditya Pancholi and actress ZarinaWahab.Pancholi made his acting debut in Bollywood with Salman Khan's home production Hero opposite Athiya Shetty, daughter of Sunil Shetty. He was also seen in the T-Series and Remo D'Souza Ent. Pvt. Ltd music video Girlfriend Boyfriend along with actress Jacqueline Fernandez Sooraj Pancholi Net Worth, Age, Height, Weight, Body Measurements, Dating, Marriage, Relationship Stats, Family, Career, Wiki.Scroll below and check our most recent updates about about Sooraj Pancholi's Biography, Salary, Estimated Net worth, Expenses, Income Reports & Financial Breakdown 2020 Sooraj Pancholi is an Indian actor and son of actor Aditya Pancholi and Zareena Wahab. Over the years Sooraj has been undertaking a training in the field of acting as well as in martial arts
Sooraj Pancholi Upcoming Movies List 2020, 2021 & Release Dates - MT Wiki Providing Latest Bollywood Actress Sooraj Pancholi All upcoming New films list 2020 with Poster, Actress, Actors & other lead star cast Sooraj Pancholi, Wiki, Age, Height, Biography, Girlfriend, Net Worth. Actors By Santosh February 22, 2019. Sooraj Pancholi is an Indian actor and son of Aditya Pancholi. He looks very cute and smart with his looks. Aditya Pancholi is a Bollywood actor, producer and playback singer. He is famous for his villain roles in 1990s movies. Date of Birth: 5 July 1990 Age: 29 Real Name: Sooraj Pancholi. Sana Pancholi Age, Wiki, Biography, Aditya Pancholi Daughter, Husband. by Marathi.TV Editorial Team; Mar 6, 2020 Apr 10, 2020; Name Sana Pancholi. Wedding & Marriage / Husband / Marriage / Boyfriend / Dating Currently Not Married. Birthday / Date of Birth / How old is Sana Pancholi Age Sana was born in 1989. As of 2020, she is around 31 years old. Bio Profile / Wikipedia Information.
. Sooraj Pancholi & Athiya Shetty.jpg 585 × 878; 134 KB. Sooraj Pancholi 2015-10-20.jpg 585 × 878; 126 KB. Sooraj Pancholi at the GQ Fashion Nights.jpg 585 × 883; 161 KB. Sooraj Pancholi graces Vogue Beauty Awards 2017.jpg 339 × 474; 53 KB. Sooraj Pancholi gracing 'Filmfare Glamour & Style. Sooraj Pancholi (Actor) Height, Weight, Age, Wiki, Wife, Biography, Family. Sooraj Pancholi is an Indian Film Actor. He was born on July 5th, 1990 in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India. He works in Bollywood Film Industry. He made his debut with Film in Hero (2015) In 2015:- Stardust Award for Best Jodi of The Year along with Sooraj Pancholi. In 2015:- I Vogue Beauty Award in the category Face To Watch Out For. In 2016:- Producers Guild Film Award for Most Promising Debut Jodi shared with Sooraj Pancholi. In 2016:- International Indian Film Academy Award for Hottest Pair along with Sooraj Pancholi ; Athiya-Shetty Social Media. Facebook.
Sooraj Pancholi; Salman Khan to launch Naagin actress Mouni Roy in Bollywood; Larissa Bonesi; Masha Paur; Disha Patani is the Google Top Trending bollywood actress of 2016; Lauren Gottlieb Birthday Celebration Pictures; Adah Sharma Biography, Biodata, Wiki, Age, Height, Weight, Affairs & More; Saina Nehwal (Badminton Player Indian actor Sooraj Pancholi Lifestyle With Bio, Birthday, Age, Height, Weight, Parents, Family, Profession, Net worth, Birth Name, Birth sign, Nationality,. Sooraj Pancholi Sana Pancholi: Aditya Pancholi (born Nirmal Pancholi; 4 January 1965) is an Indian film actor, producer and playback singer who appears in Bollywood films. He started his career as a lead actor, though he was more successful in supporting roles and as an antagonist. He received a Filmfare nomination for the Best Performance in a Negative Role for Yes Boss (1997). Pancholi began. Athiya Shetty and Sooraj Pancholi with awards. Dada Saheb Phalke Excellence Award for Best Debut (Female) (2015) Producers Guild Film Award for Most Promising Debut Jodi shared with Sooraj Pancholi (2016) International Indian Film Academy Award for Hottest Pair along with Sooraj Pancholi (2016) Autograph . Athiya Shetty's autograph. Car Collection. Athiya Shetty owns a caviar shade. Aditya Pancholi (geb.Nirmal Pancholi, den 4.Januar 1965) ist ein indischer Schauspieler, Produzent und Playback - Sänger, die in erscheint Bollywood - Filme. Er begann seine Karriere als Hauptdarsteller, obwohl er mehr Erfolg mit Unterstützung und Bösewicht - Rollen gefunden und erhielt eine Filmfare Nominierung für die beste Leistung in einer negativen Rolle für Yes Boss (1997)
His grandfather Rajan Pancholi was a filmmaker. He was held for 23 days in prison for interrogation of Jiah Khan's suicide case. After the suicide of Jiah Khan, Sooraj said that he will not be dating anyone now. His father, Aditya Pancholi said that he wants Sooraj to become a superstar instead of following his footsteps Some Lesser Known Facts About Sooraj Pancholi. Sooraj Pancholi was born in a Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh family. Showed clear traits of snatching the limelight. Check the page to know more Sooraj Pancholi's Height 5 ft 8 in approx. 177 in cm and Weight 73 Kg approx. 160 in Pounds. Sooraj Pancholi's Body Measurements 44-30-14 Inches. His chest size is 44, his waist size is 30 and his biceps size is 14. His Shoe Size 10 (US)
Sooraj Pancholi. Quite the same Wikipedia. Just better. To install click the Add extension button. That's it. The source code for the WIKI 2 extension is being checked by specialists of the Mozilla Foundation, Google, and Apple. You could also do it yourself at any point in time. How to transfigure the Wikipedia . Would you like Wikipedia to always look as professional and up-to-date? We have. Sooraj Pancholi's abetted the suicide of girlfriend actress Jiah Khan. Full story in the video here! Reporter: Alice Peter Editor: Kamlesh Kandpal Subscribe. She portrayed the role of Mumbai-based aspiring dancer Radha Mathur, who falls in love with her kidnapper Sooraj (Sooraj Pancholi), a gangster trying to extort her police chief father, IG Shrikant Mathur. For her portrayal of Radha, she received Filmfare award nomination for the Best Female Debut Sooraj Pancholi is a Indian Actor.Birthday of Sooraj Pancholi is 5th June 1990 at Lucknow. See more Info like Sooraj Pancholi age, instagram, wiki, awards, girlfriend, birthday, images.Name : Sooraj Pancholi Birthday :5th June 1990 AGE : 29 years Height : 1.73 m Birthplace : Lucknow Profession : Actor Spouse : Ex Girl Friend Actress : Jiah Khan(3rd June 2013) Awards : Filmfare Award for Best.
Sooraj Pancholi is an Indian film actor who appears in Bollywood Hindi films. He debuted in the romantic action film Hero. Pancholi was born on 9 November 1990 to Zarina Wahab in Mumbai, his parents are Bollywood actors and his grandfather Rajan Pancholi was a filmmaker.Sooraj was an assistant director on films such as Ek Tha Tiger.In 2015, he made his acting debut in the romantic action film. Sooraj Pancholi has been through a lot but along with him, his family members, especially his mother Zarina Wahab had to brave a lot of struggles too. After. Sooraj drinks Alcohol. He loves working out in the gym. After the death (suicide) of his girlfriend (Jiah Khan), Sooraj said that he will not date anyone now. For interrogation of Jiah Khan suicide case, he was locked in jail for 23 days. Pancholi is a great Martial Artist & dancer. Tiger Shroff and Sooraj are very good friends. Sooraj Pancholi. Sooraj Pancholi wikipedia, boyfriend, girlfriend, caste, zodiac sign, debut movie, profile, height, weight, body size, birth date, dob, marriage, husband, wife, wiki.
Suraj Pancholi is an The Indian Actor. He was born in The Indian on 1990 and now he is 24 years old. He lives in Mumbai, Maharastra, India. Suraj Pancholi is active since 2014-present. Don' Sooraj Pancholi: Parents: Father: Ali Rizvi Khan (Indian American businessman) Mother: Rabiya Amin (Former actress) Sibling(s) Sister(s) Kavita and Karishma: Education Details: School: Not Known: College: Lee Strasberg Theatre and Film Institute, Manhattan: Educational Qualification: Not Known: Filmography: Debut Movie: Nishabd (2007) Famous Movies: Nishabd (2007) Ghajini (2008) Housefull.
Sooraj Pancholi (born 9 November 1990) is an Indian film actor who appears in Bollywood Hindi films. He debuted in the romantic action film Hero (2015) for which he won a Filmfare award for Best Newcomer. Sooraj Pancholi - WikiMili, The Free Encyclopedia - WikiMili, The Free Encyclopedi Imtiaz Khatri With Sooraj Pancholi and Other Friends. Imtiaz Khatri With Sooraj Pancholi and Manish Malhotra. He is often spotted drinking alcohol in parties.  YouTube; References [ +] ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ Prev Article Next Article . Related Posts. Sanjiv Mehta (Shah Brothers Ispat Pvt. Ltd) Wiki, Biography & More. Rajesh Agarwal (Co- Founder of Micromax) Wiki, Age, Wife, Children, Family. Producers Guild Film Award for Most Promising Debut Jodi shared with Sooraj Pancholi (2016) International Indian Film Academy Award for Hottest Pair along with Sooraj Pancholi; Social media - Instagram - @Athiya Shetty. Facebook - @Athiya Shetty . Twitter - @Athiya Shetty . Thank you for your visit. Please share this article on social. sooraj pancholi wiki. Hottest Bikini Girls on Television Hottest Bikini Girls If you think that television actresses are. (811) 10 Pictures of Sania Mirza which caused controversies Sania Mirza is india's no.1 women tennis player. Sania Mirza. (809) Jibraan Khan Jibraan Khan Biography, Aditya Pancholi: Check out the list of all Aditya Pancholi movies along with photos, videos, biography and.
Aditya Pancholi age , biography spouse name, childrens, height birth place, Physical Statistics, family, Relationship, networt Sooraj Pancholi was born on July 5 1990 in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh. His father, Aditya Pancholi is a well- known film actor and mother, Zarina Wahab is also a famous actress who works in both films and television. Interesting Facts. Sooraj has learned acting, dancing as well as martial arts. He has also assisted Sanjay Leela Bhansali in Guzaarish and Kabir Khan in Ek Tha Tiger. Personal Life. Sooraj Pancholi height is 5 feet 11 inches tall and his body weight is around 72 Kilograms. READ Shawn Andrews Net Worth, Age, Wiki, Bio, Divorce, & Wife. Related: The Story of Ishan Goel Life | Wikipedia Profile & Trivia Details. On the other hand, his father wants to make him a superstar. His grandfather Mr. Rajan Pancholi is a renowned filmmaker. Additionally, Mr. Pancholi learns dancing.
Sooraj Pancholi Wiki, Bio, Age, Girlfriend, Controversies & Net Worth. Sooraj Pancholi is an Indian Film Actor who predominantly appears in Bollywood movies. Sooraj is mostly known for his allegations and controversies. Sooraj is known for.. sooraj pancholi movies After Jiah Khan's suicide, Sooraj said he would have no relationship with anyone. His father, Aditya Pancholi, said he wanted Soora to become a superstar instead of following his steps. He helped the director Sanjay Leela Bhansali in his film Guzaarish and Kabir Khan in his film Ek Tha Tiger Sooraj Pancholi Wiki and Biography Info - Sooraj Pancholi was born on July 5 1990 in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh. His father, Aditya Pancholi is a well- known film actor and mother, Zarina Wahab is also a famous actress who works in both films and television Sooraj Pancholi Wiki and Biography Sooraj Pancholi is an Indian film actor popular in bollywood. He was born on 5 July 1990 in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh. He has been launched by superstar Salman Khan's home production Hero. Sweet girl Athiya Shetty, who is the daughter of Sunil Shetty has also debuted as female lead in the film. He has learned acting, dancing as well as martial arts. He has.
Sooraj Pancholi is one of the emerging superstars of Bollywood, who had gained fame and name in small time. But his name is on peak because of controversies in which he had been involved. He is surely trying hard to get over them and make his name brighter with his acting talent. You can know all about Sooraj Pancholi in Sooraj Pancholi biography Welcome! Log into your account. your username. your passwor Suraj Pancholi, 22, is deeply emotional, strong-headed, does not drink or smoke and is calm even when provoked. He always knew that while his parents did not share a good marriage, they could both give their lives for him, but today he loves them more than ever before. He has his father's heart and his mother's brains Zarina met Aditya Pancholi on the sets of Kalan Ka Tika and fell in love with each other. The duo dated each other for 15 days and tied the knot on 27 January 1986. Her son, Sooraj Pancholi, is an actor, and her daughter, Sana Pancholi, is an actress Sooraj Pancholi: Parents: Father: Clement Sabbagh 2: Mother: Renata Bonesi 3: Sibling(s) Sister(s) Gabriella Sabbagh 4: Brother(s) Daniel Oliveira Sabbagh 5: Education Details: School: Not Known: College: Not Known: Educational Qualification: Degree in Law: Filmography: Debut Movie: Desi Boyz (Special Appearance in Subha Hone Na De Song, 2011) Go Goa Gone (2013) Famous Movies: Desi Boyz.
Official: Sooraj Pancholi. 57 likes. hi fans..im sooraj pancholi..follow me and i will keep posting my pics and will talk to all my fans.. Sooraj Pancholi: Languages spoke and written: Spouse: Zarina Wahab: Aditya Pancholi Popularity * 55 is AGE #146 * 1965 is the Birth Year #794 * 01 is the Birth Month #1217 * 04 is the BirthDay #344 * Mumbai is the birth Place #2777 Celebrity How Calculates Aditya Pancholi Popularity Based on Wiki page views and also our internal Page view count. Aditya Pancholi Net worth Check how rich is. She predominantly works with the Bollywood Film Industry. Initially, she made her screen debut with a Bollywood Film Hero, which won her nomination for Best Female Debut in Film-fare Awards. She released her second Hindi Movie Mubarakan in 2017 in which she appeared as Anjali Producers Guild Film Award for Most Promising Debut Jodi (with Sooraj Pancholi) for the film, Hero (2015) International Indian Film Academy Award for Hottest Pair (with Sooraj Pancholi) for the film, Hero (2015) Favourites: Actor: Salman Khan. Interesting Facts: Athiya Shetty is the brand ambassador for the Indian franchise of Maybelline New York. She has appeared on various popular magazine. Sooraj Pancholi family his Father name Aditya Pancholi (Actor) and mother name Zarina Wahab (Actress). He has one Sister named Sana Pancholi (elder). Suraj Pancholi is Unmarried and his Girlfriend name is Late Jiah Khan. He follows Hindu religion and his Horoscope / Zodiac Sign is Cancer. Let's read Salman Yusuff Khan, Vivaan Shah, Freddy Daruwala, Harsh Mayar Wiki & Biography. Suraj.
Youngsters: Sooraj Pancholi, Sana Pancholi Aditya Pancholi (conceived Nirmal Pancholi; 4 January 1965) is an Indian film on-screen character, maker and playback artist who shows up in Bollywood films. He began his vocation as a lead on-screen character, however he discovered more accomplishment with supporting and Negative job Now Sooraj Pancholi's sister has replied to Rabia and has given a strong answer. Commenting on the video of Rabia, she wrote, Rabia stop spreading hate and lies. You know that you have been. Find all the Athiya Shetty Biography/Biodata, Wiki about Athiya Shetty like Athiya Shetty biography wiki height weight age birthday family and much more Don't forget to share this article with your friends. Athiya Shetty was born on 5 November 1992 (age 28 years; as in 2020) in Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. She pursued Graduate (Filmmaking & Liberal Arts) from New [ Sooraj Pancholi, who turned a year older today was spotted on a lunch date with his family in Mumbai took to his Instagram handle to open up about the Jiah Khan 's suicide case. Addressed the six years-long court case against him in his post, he shared a picture of his hand holding two burning candles He was born on 8 March 2003 in Longview, Texas, U.S. He is famous for his role as George Cooper in the series Young Sheldon along with Iain Armitage, Raegan Revord, and Zoe Perry. In the serial, He is the elder brother of Sheldon Lee Cooper and Missy Cooper. After Young Sheldon, he also appeared in The Big Bang Theory in 2018
Sooraj Pancholi Wiki, Age, Height, Weight, Father, Birthday, Family. Daljeet Kaur (Daljiet Kaur) Bigg Boss 13 Contestant Wiki, Biography, Age, Height, Family, Salary. Bhagyashree Mote Wiki, Biography, Age, Height, Family, Salary & Images. 2 Comments. Rick Segall. I am divorced. My net worth is not 15 million dollars; it's not even remotely close to 6 figures. Please be responsible and change. Sooraj Pancholi, centre, with his parents after he was granted bail in July 2013, shortly after the death of Jiah Khan. Photograph: Hindustan Times via Getty Image Complete Sooraj Pancholi 2017 Biography. Sooraj Pancholi Family, Childhood, Life Achievements, Facts, Wiki and Bio of 2017 Actor Sooraj Pancholi Biography, Wiki, Profile, Career, Girlfriend, Age, Marriage Photos, Income, Movies Sooraj Pancholi Biography, Wiki, Career, Family Sooraj Pancholi is a actor in India who appeared in Hindi movies and music videos. Sooraj Pancholi made his debut film in 2015 HERO by super Star Salman Khan's home production. in Feb 2016 Sooraj Pancholi and Jacqueline Fernandez will appear. Sooraj Pancholi Gallery stills images clips Bollywood Actress Bollywood Movie News - IndiaGlitz Bollywood provides Movie News & cast crew details of Bollywood Cinema and Bollywood Movie Reviews. Get updated Latest News and information from Bollywood movie industry by actress, music directors, actors and directors etc. Indian Bollywood Bollywood Stars Bollywood Fashion Suraj Pancholi Towel Boy. SoorajPancholi Bollywood Hollywood Tollywood Updates, Tv Celebrity News, hindi love shayari, good thought

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Just Dance has been part of our holiday tradition for several years now. We’ve been playing it with family since Cole was a little guy, and he has always enjoyed it almost as much as we have. Take a look at this video of some cousins playing and Cole getting in on the action. Forgive my cackling.
Even that young, Cole loved to dance. And today he still loves to play Just Dance with us. So when we got Just Dance 4 delivered to our doorstep, I couldn’t wait to get it into the Wii and start playing.
Cole was so excited to play this game. He loved the music selections. This version of the game includes some of his favorite songs, such as Moves Like Jagger, Call Me Maybe, and What Makes You Beautiful. It also has some of my old favorites, like Rock Lobster, Istanbul, Hit ‘Em Up Style, and Never Gonna Give You Up. The video dancer for Never Gonna Give You Up is hilarious, by the way. It is a nice mix of new songs and songs from my childhood and teenage years, and you can purchase more songs for the game, including the ubiquitous Gangnam Style.
Cole gets really into the game. He doesn’t like to hold the remote, instead choosing to stand in front of me and jam out. Zac and I will sometimes play the battle mode. I’m better at the game than he is, though. This irritates him because he was in show choir in high school and fancies himself a good dancer, or at least a good follower of choreography. It’s really fun to beat him at this game. 🙂
I like to play Just Dance for exercise by using the Just Sweat mode. You would be amazed at how good a workout this game is! If you do all the moves properly and don’t forget to do the footwork, you will burn a ton of calories. Three or four songs in, you’ll be sweating up a storm. This is great for staving off the turkey coma after a big Thanksgiving meal, and for burning off that second piece of pumpkin pie or third helping of dressing.
If you’re looking for a fun family game to keep the kids occupied during those holiday gatherings, or a chance to flex your competitive muscles with your cousins, then you’ll love Just Dance 4. It’s a great way to have some fun and burn some calories during the food-filled Thanksgiving and Christmas season, and a great workout the rest of the year. Thanks so much to UbiSoft for selecting me to review this game!

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Facts & Origin
American Staffordshire Terrier and Rottweiler mix - a hybrid breed.
The American Staffordshire Terrier is a mix of the Staffordshire Terrier and the Rottweiler. This mixed breed is known for being loyal, protective and loving. They are also known to be intelligent, obedient and good with children. The American Staffordshire Terrier is a great family dog that is comfortable in any home.
What are breed characteristics of this mix dog?
The Staffweiler is a large, muscular dog with a short, thick coat. They usually weigh between 35-45 kg and are 58-70 cm tall. They have a broad head with a strong jaw and high set ears. The eyes are dark and the tail is thick and muscular.
|Origin||USA - Germany|
|Life expectancy||8 - 15 years|
|FCI group||not recognised|
|AKC group||not recognised|
|KC group||not recognised|
Attitude, character and temperament of the breed
Possible character traits of Amstaff and Rottweiler mix - Such is probably his nature.
There are many different types of American Staffordshire Terrier and Rottweiler mixes. The most common is the Black-and-Tan mix, which is a cross between a Black-and-Tan American Staffordshire Terrier and a Rottweiler. These dogs are usually loyal and protective of their family. They can be aggressive toward other dogs, but with proper training and socialization, they can be good with other pets and children. Other popular mixes include the Blue and Tan, the Red and Tan, and the Brindle.
What diseases can occur in American Staffordshire Terrier and Rottweiler mix.
The Rottweiler-Staffordshire Terrier mix is a strong and loyal breed, but it is also prone to certain health problems. Some of the most common health problems in this breed include.
- Hip and elbow dysplasia,
- von Willebrand disease, and
- Eye problems such as entropion and ectropion.
Hip and elbow dysplasia are both genetic and can cause joint problems and pain later in life. Von Willebrand disease is a bleeding disorder that can also be passed from parents to puppies.
Eye problems are also quite common in Staffweilers and can sometimes be corrected with surgery. If you are considering adding one of these mixed breeds to your family, be sure to talk to your veterinarian about the potential health risks and what you can do to avoid them.
What does this mixed breed look like?
This mixed breed has a short, dense coat that is black with brown or red markings. The American Staffordshire Terrier-Rottweiler mix is a medium to large dog with a muscular build.
Hip dysplasia (HD)
Hip dysplasia (HD) is a genetic condition in dogs where the hip joint is not shaped properly. This leads to pain, stiffness and restricted movement.
Elbow dysplasia (ED)
Elbow joint dysplasia is a chronic disease complex of the elbow joint of fast growing dog breeds.
Can occur frequently in dogs and can sometimes be treated with medication.
In some breeds, joint damage can occur later in life, affecting the musculoskeletal system.
The average life expectancy of an American Staffordshire Terrier and Rottweiler mix is 10 to 12 years.
An American Staffordshire Terrier and Rottweiler mix usually weighs between 35-45 kg.
American Staffordshire Terriers and Rottweiler mixes come in a variety of colors, including black, brown, white, brindle and red.
An American Staffordshire Terrier-Rottweiler mix usually has a short, dense coat that is easy to groom.

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Possible causes for sleep apnea explained by your Indianapolis, IN dentist
Sleep apnea is a disorder that affects millions of people worldwide, and the estimated number is based only on those cases that have been diagnosed. Experts believe many more people are suffering needlessly, possibly believing their problem is simply related to chronic snoring.
In obstructive sleep apnea, the airflow becomes blocked as the muscles around the throat relax as a person sleeps. As this occurs, the oxygen supply to the brain is significantly decreased. Without adequate delivery of oxygen, the brain, heart, lungs, and blood are all affected. The brain, in response to the lack of oxygen, sends a shot of adrenaline to the body, which results in disrupted sleep. Although enough to restore breathing, this process rarely results in full waking. Rather, the pulse quickens and the level of sleep is lifted slightly. On a physical level, the sleeper will likely snore very loudly, possibly with a choking or gasping sound.
There are many problems associated with poor sleep. Sleep apnea poses a significant risk to health and wellbeing. This condition gets in the way of one’s ability to get the adequate amount of REM sleep, the level in which the memory processes are regenerated, tissues are repaired, and the blood pressure regulated. Studies show that after just seven days of poor sleep, a person is at a greater risk for depression, mood swings, decreased memory, lack of productivity, and hyperactivity.
- Age – the risk of sleep apnea increases with age, with 1 in 10 people aged 65 and older experiencing this condition
- Family history of any type of sleep disorder
- Structural abnormalities affecting the upper airway
- Neck circumference larger than 17cm
- Gender – Middle-aged men are twice as likely to develop sleep apnea than middle aged women
- Lifestyle habits such as alcohol consumption or smoking
- Ethnicity – The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute reports that people of Hispanic, African American, or Pacific Islander descent are more commonly affected by sleep apnea
There are viable solutions to obstructive sleep apnea available today, so no one has to suffer the far-reaching consequences of this disorder. Your medical provider, or even your dentist, can help you discover if your loss of sleep is due to sleep apnea. At Washington Street Dentistry, we give patients the opportunity to relieve the symptoms of obstructive sleep apnea using custom fitted oral appliances that are easy to use and comfortable to wear throughout the night.
Contact our office to learn more about sleep apnea, and learn how to relieve the symptoms of this sleep disorder.
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