Yellagonga Regional Park
Yellagonga Regional Park
Yellagonga Regional Park Management Plan 2003-2013 MANAGEMENT PLAN 48 CITY OF JOONDALUP CITY OF WANNEROO
Yellagonga Regional Park 2003 - 2013 PLANNING TEAM This plan was co-ordinated by a consultancy team led by Plan E working closely with the managers of Yellagonga Regional Park – the Department of Conservation and Land Management, the City of Joondalup and the City of Wanneroo. The Planning Team prepared the plan for the Conservation Commission of Western Australia. Brendan Dooley (Plan Coordinator) Department of Conservation and Land Management Tim Bowra Department of Conservation and Land Management Dennis Cluning City of Joondalup Phil Thompson City of Wanneroo
i PREFACE Regional parks are areas of regional open space that are identified by planning procedures as having outstanding conservation, landscape and recreation values. Regional parks provide the opportunity for a consortium of management agencies and private landowners to develop co-ordinated planning and management strategies. Regional parks were first proposed in the Stephenson - Hepburn Report of 1955, which later formed the basis of the Perth Metropolitan Region Scheme in 1963. Since then, State planning agencies have been acquiring suitable private land in anticipation of the time when regional parks would be formally created.
In 1997, the State government announced a commitment to introduce legislation to give regional parks legal standing and vesting in the former NPNCA, now the Conservation Commission of Western Australia. Eight regional parks were recognised as formal identities, with the co-ordination of their management progressively transferred to the Department of Conservation and Land Management. Other regionally significant parklands exist within the Perth metropolitan region, for example Kings Park, Bold Park and Whiteman Park, these parks are managed by other government agencies.
This Management Plan is a commitment of the State and local governments to coordinate the management of Yellagonga Regional Park. The role of the Department of Conservation and Land Management in regional park management is two-fold. Firstly, it is to manage the areas of regional parks that are vested in the Conservation Commission of Western Australia. Secondly, it is responsible for coordinating the management of regional parks. The latter is initiated through the preparation of management plans for the parks. The Yellagonga Regional Park is important in terms of both the conservation values and the recreational opportunities it provides within a highly urbanised environment.
This Management Plan, which is based on previously prepared ecological, recreational and historical surveys, seeks to establish a clear vision for how this important public asset can best be managed and protected.
The Park faces a number of critical management challenges, many of which originate from the surrounding water catchment area and urban development such as storm water and groundwater pollution. Other management issues effecting the Park include the invasion of weeds, the occurrence of fire, rubbish dumping, the presence feral animals and pests, uncontrolled visitor access, poor control of domestic pets, degradation of heritage sites, fauna habitats and bushland areas as well as the demand for access to the Park by the community. The elongated boundaries of the Park also create management difficulties in attempting to minimise the overall impacts of external influences on the Park.
This management plan cannot solve all of the ecological problems affecting the Park, especially those that emanate from surrounding land uses and are whole of catchment issues. This plan is not a catchment management plan, however it identifies matters that are directly affecting the Park from within the catchment. Any planning for the catchment of the wetlands within the Park should complement this management plan. Presently, integrated catchment management for the wetlands within the Park is being undertaken through the Yellagonga Catchment Group and the Cities of Joondalup and Wanneroo.
Work by management authorities, which is supported by the local community, is already taking place in the Park.
This management plan aims to protect the Park’s conservation areas and provide a sound basis for planning to rehabilitate degraded areas, whilst allowing for recreational activities that will not compromise the natural assets of the Park.
ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Numerous individuals and groups have contributed valuable ideas and information in the preparation of this Plan and their efforts are gratefully acknowledged. In particular, the contributions of the Yellagonga Regional Park Community Advisory Committee are appreciated. Past and present Committee members who contributed to the preparation of this Plan include Mr Peter McKenzie (Chair); Mr Laurie Boylan; Dr Mike Bam ford; Dr Hugo Bekle; Mr David Udy; Mr Trevor Moran; Mr David Stalker; Mr Luke Edwards; Mrs Dot Newton and Mr Bill Evans. The efforts of the consultancy team comprising, David White, Rod Safstrom, John Wood, John Tuzee, Bill James, and Linda Taman are also acknowledged.
NOMENCLATURE Inclusion of a name in this publication does not imply its approval by the relevant nomenclature authority. CITY OF JOONDALUP AND CITY OF WANNEROO The Cities of Joondalup and Wanneroo have worked closely with Department of Conservation and Land Management in the preparation of this Management Plan. In partnership with the Department of Conservation and Land Management, the Cities will use the Plan as a guide in managing the Park and the many issues that impact upon it.
THE CONSERVATION COMMISSION OF WESTERN AUSTRALIA AND THE DEPARTMENT OF CONSERVATION AND LAND MANAGEMENT All national parks, conservation parks, nature reserves, and other conservation reserves in Western Australia are vested in the Conservation Commission of Western Australia. These reserves are managed on behalf of the Conservation Commission of Western Australia by the Department of Conservation and Land Management. As the controlling body, the Conservation Commission of Western Australia is responsible for having management plans prepared for all lands that are vested in it. A Draft Management Plan for Yellagonga Regional Park was prepared by the Department of Conservation and Land Management and issued for public comment in April 2000.
Forty-five submissions were received and were considered in the preparation of this Final Plan prior to its approval by the Conservation Commission of Western Australia and the Minister for the Environment and Heritage.
iii Table of Contents A. INTRODUCTION 1 1 - Purpose and Status of the Management Plan . 1 2 - Regional Parks . 1 3 - Yellagonga Regional Park . 2 4 - The Management Plan and Community Involvement . 4 B. PRINCIPAL MANAGEMENT DIRECTIONS 6 5 - The Vision for the Park . 6 6 - Management Policies . 6 7 - Land Tenure and Park Boundary . 6 8 - Interim Management and Legislative Amendments . 8 9 - Park Management Zones . 9 10 - Integrated Management and Planning of the Park and Adjacent Areas . 14 11 - Key Performance Indicators . 15 C. CONSERVATION 20 12 - Principal Conservation Directions . 20 13 - Geology, Soils and Landform .
20 14 - The Lakes and Wetlands . 21 15 - Flora and Vegetation . 23 16 - Fauna . 28 17 - Weeds . 29 18 - Fire . 32 19 - Midge and Mosquito Control . 33 20 - Pets and Introduced Animals . 34 21 - Rehabilitation . 37 22 - Cultural Heritage . 38 23 - Park Aesthetics and Landscape Amenity . 40 24 - Greenway Corridors and Links . 43 D. RECREATION 45 25 - Principal Recreation Directions . 45 26 - Visitor Use . 45 27 - Recreation Masterplan . 46 28 - Recreation Sites and Facilities . 46 29 - Park Access and Circulation . 48 30 - Signs . 52 31 - Visitor Safety . 52 32 - Services and Utilities . 53 E.
COMMERCIAL CONCESSIONS 55 33 - Principal Commercial Directions . 55 34 - Leases and Licences . 55 35 - Mining and the Extraction of Basic Raw Materials . 61 F. RESEARCH AND MONITORING 62 36 - Principal Research and Monitoring Directions . 62 37 - Research and Monitoring . 62 G. COMMUNITY RELATIONS 63 38 - Principal Community Relations Directions . 63 39 - Interaction with the Community and Other Organisations . 63 40 - Information, Interpretation and Education . 63 H. PLAN IMPLEMENTATION. 66 41 - Priorities, Funding and Staff . 66 42 - Community Involvement . 67 43 - Term of this Plan . 67 44 - Performance Assessment .
68 References and Bibliography . 69 Abbreviations . 73 Appendix 1: Contacts . 74
iv Figures Figure 1 - Regional Park Planning Hierarchy . 2 Figure 2 - Park Location . 3 Figure 3 - Existing Land Tenure and Park Boundary . 10 Figure 4 - Management Zones and Areas . 11 Figure 5 - Water Level Fluctuation . 22 Figure 6 - Vegetation . 27 Figure 7 - Greenway Corridors and Links . 44 Figure 8 - Recreation Masterplan . 51 Tables Table 1 - Management Zones and Land Tenure . 12 Table 2 - Performance Assessment . 17
Part A. Introduction 1 A. INTRODUCTION 1 - Purpose and Status of the Management Plan PURPOSE OF THE PLAN The purpose of this Management Plan (“the Plan”) is to provide broad direction for the protection and enhancement of the conservation, recreation and landscape values of Yellagonga Regional Park (“the Park”).
It will do this by developing strategies aimed at conserving the special features of the Park as well as anticipating future community requirements. The Plan will help ensure the Park is managed appropriately and is capable of sustaining its high nature conservation and cultural values as well as use by the community (refer Section 5 – Vision for the Park).
Given the strategic nature of this Plan, more detailed planning (referred to as subsidiary plans) will be required prior to significant works taking place within the Park (Section 41). Examples of subsidiary plans include a weed management plan (Section 17), a rehabilitation plan (Section 21) and site development plans for specified Park areas (Section 28). STATUS OF THE PLAN This Plan provides statutory direction over all lands and waters of the Park vested in the Conservation Commission of Western Australia and managed by the Department of Conservation and Land Management. The Plan will act as an “umbrella” document coordinating existing plans for specific areas of the Park.
Implementation of existing area plans, such as the Lake Goollelal Management Plan, will need to be c onsistent with the overall direction of this Plan. Additionally, future plans for areas within the Park will need to be written in a manner that complements the Yellagonga Regional Park Management Plan.
The Conservation Commission of Western Australia endorses this Plan and acknowledges that the Department of Conservation and Land Management has the responsibility for coordinating the management of the Park. In consultation with the Department of Conservation and Land Management, the Western Australian Planning Commission (WAPC) will use this Plan to assist with the assessment of development proposals on lands within and adjoining Yellagonga Regional Park. The Cities of Joondalup and Wanneroo have worked closely with the Department of Conservation and Land Management in the preparation of this Management Plan.
In partnership with the Department of Conservation and Land Management, the Cities will use the Plan as a guide in managing the Park and the many issues that impact upon the Park. 2 - Regional Parks WHAT IS A REGIONAL PARK? Regional parks are areas of regional open space that are identified by planning procedures as having regionally significant conservation, landscape and recreation values. Regional parks are a land management system that provides the opportunity for a coordinated planning and management strategy by different land management agencies and private landowners.
Regional parks may comprise of Crown land vested in State government agencies and local governments, as well as private lands where the agreement of the landowner is obtained. As such, regional parks could comprise collectively of lands with a variety of tenures and reserve purposes. They could be a package of multipurpose, multi-vested reserves drawn together for coordinated management by the Department of Conservation and Land Management. Yellagonga Regional Park for example consists of land comprising Crown reserves vested in the City of Joondalup, City of Wanneroo, and the Conservation Commission of Western Australia as well as freehold land owned by the WAPC and private individuals.
Those lands that have been acquired by the WAPC for inclusion into the Park are now to be transferred to the Conservation Commission of Western Australia and the respective local governments for management as part of the Park. It is intended that the high level of protection currently existing for lands already vested in the Conservation Commission of Western Australia (such as national parks or nature reserves) will continue as the regional park concept is implemented. THE REGIONAL PARK CONCEPT The concept of regional open space was first introduced to Western Australia by the Stephenson - Hepburn Report in 1955, which recommended that a statutory region plan be prepared for Perth which reserved private land required for future public purposes.
In I963, the Perth Metropolitan Region Scheme (MRS) was established and land was reserved for “Parks and Recreation”. This land (subject to amendments of the MRS) has been gradually acquired by State planning authorities with the intention to protect open space of regional significance for conservation and recreation. The Environmental Protection Authority’s (EPA) Conservation through Reserves Report for Western Australia, The Darling System – System 6 (DCE, 1983), identified areas with regionally significant conservation, landscape and recreation value. It also recommended areas of land to be managed as
Part A. Introduction 2 regional parks. A system of regional parks was envisaged which included the land reserved for “Parks and Recreation” in the MRS which surrounded the Lakes of Joondalup and Goollelal (System Six Recommendation M7). In 1989, the State government decided that the responsibility for regional park management would be established within the Department of Conservation and Land Management and that the responsibility for planning the acquisition of lands for regional open space be retained by the Department for Planning and Infrastructure (DPI) on behalf of the WAPC.
A task force report (1990) was prepared by the former Department of Planning and Urban Development (DPUD) and the Department of Conservation and Land Management outlining proposed administration, planning and management of regional open space.
The EPA’s Red Book: Status Report (1993) describes the transformation of regional parks from concept to reality as being difficult because of the range of land tenure involved and the funding requirements for continual management of the parks. In June 1997, the State government announced a commitment to introduce legislation to give regional parks legal standing and vesting in the National Parks and Nature Conservation Authority (now the Conservation Commission of Western Australia). The coordination of management of eight metropolitan regional parks would be progressively transferred to the Department of Conservation and Land Management.
REGIONAL PARK PLANNING Planning for regional parks occurs at a number of levels. Regional park management plans are a part of a broad suite of planning undertaken by the relevant managing agencies. Figure 1 illustrates the planning levels typically undertaken for regional parks. Legislation Agency policies, and corporate / business plans Regional park management plans Local area management plans eg Lake Goollelal Management Plan Subsidiary plans eg fire response plan, weed management plan, site development plans etc. Operational / action plans, annual works programmes Source: ANZECC 2000.
Figure 1 - Regional Park Planning Hierarchy Implementation of local area management plans such as the Lake Goollelal Management Plan plans will need to be consistent with the overall direction of this Plan.
The preparation and implementation of subsidiary plans are listed as specific strategies within the relevant sections of this plan. Action plans, operational plans and annual works programmes will be prepared to guide maintenance and operational works within the Park. The community is encouraged to become involved in aspects of planning for the Park by joining the Yellagonga Regional Park Community Advisory Committee or by contacting the managing agencies listed in Appendix 1.
3 - Yellagonga Regional Park In 1975, most of the lands that now comprise Yellagonga Regional Park were reserved as “Parks and Recreation” in the MRS. Since that time most of the private lands within the Park have been acquired by State planning authorities through the Metropolitan Region Improvement Fund Tax, or ceded free of cost to the Crown as a condition of subdivision. The Park was named Yellagonga Regional Park in 1990 to honour Yellagonga, the leader of the Mooro people who inhabited the region north of the Swan River at the time of European settlement. The Yellagonga Regional Park Planning Review (DPUD, 1992a) identified the area of land to be included in the Regional Park and recommended steps for its establishment and administration.
The Planning Review report suggested minor amendments to the MRS relating to the Park’s boundaries, land acquisition and tenure arrangements as well as recommending that a Community Advisory Committee be formed to provide advice during the establishment phase. The Planning Review report also proposed that a management plan for Yellagonga Regional Park be prepared by the Department of Conservation and Land Management in conjunction with relevant local governments and the Conservation Commission of Western Australia.
OVERVIEW Yellagonga Regional Park is currently one of eight regional parks within the Perth metropolitan region. It is located approximately 20km north of Perth City and 6km from the Indian Ocean. It is approximately 13km long and varies in width from 1 to 1.5km. The Park comprises 1400 hectares and is primarily focussed on a wetland system that includes Lake Joondalup, Beenyup and Walluburnup Swamps, Lake Goollelal and the surrounding lands reserved in the MRS for “Parks and Recreation”. It is of regional importance because of its natural, cultural and recreational resources in a rapidly growing suburban area.
Additionally the Park provides an important (north/south) link with Neerabup National Park and
Part A. Introduction 3 Yanchep National Park. Figure 2 shows the location of the Park. The lakes and wetlands are the dominant landscape features of the Park. These lakes and wetlands are surface expressions of groundwater, which emerges in interdunal swales within the Spearwood Dune System as a chain of linear lakes and wetlands. This chain of lakes begins 21 kilometres to the north at Loch McNess in Yanchep and extend south to Lake Goollelal. Lake Joondalup, the largest of the water bodies, lies in the northern half of the Park. Walluburnup and Beenyup Swamps are located centrally within the Park, and Lake Goollelal is situated in the southernmost part of the Park.
Figure 2 - Park Location A wide range of recreational opportunities and facilities are available to Park visitors. Natural features such as Lake Joondalup and Lake Goollelal along with parkland settings at Neil Hawkins Park attract many people to the Park. The open space and water bodies provide significant conservation and amenity values within the rapidly developing surroundings. The lakes and wetlands also provide research and educational opportunities for better understanding urban lakes and wetlands, their ecosystems and groundwater interaction. Yellagonga Regional Park adjoins the City Centre of Joondalup, the regional focus of Perth’s North West Corridor.
In 1996 the population of the former City of Wanneroo (now the City of Joondalup and the City of Wanneroo) was 213,368. The rapid growth in the City of Joondalup and the City of Wanneroo is expected to continue, with the population anticipated to grow to over 415,000 by 2021 (DPUD, 1992). The Park’s regional focus will also attract visitors from a broad area within metropolitan Perth.
The pressures on the Park and challenges to the managing agencies will continue to grow over time. It will be the role of the Park managers with support from the community to implement this Plan to effectively manage and counter those pressures. PARK VALUES Natural Environment Value Yellagonga Regional Park contains a wide v ariety of ecosystems from upland forest, fringing wetland and aquatic vegetation to open water bodies. This rich diversity and complexity of ecosystems has very high conservation value within a rapidly expanding urban setting. The wetlands within the Park are some of the last remaining freshwater wetland systems on the Swan Coastal Plain.
The vegetation communities found within the Park are significant as they are representative of communities once widespread on the Swan Coastal Plain but now significantly cleared. The vegetation on the upland areas surrounding the wetlands was once Jarrah - Marri - Banksia (Eucalyptus marginata - Corymbia calophylla - Banksia attenuata) Open Forest, and Tuart-Jarrah - Marri (Eucalyptus gomphocephala - Eucalyptus. marginata - Corymbia calophylla) Open Forest. The wetlands of the Park serve as important breeding grounds for local birds and as a summer refuge for a diverse bird population, some of which are trans -equatorial migratory wading birds.
The diversity of wetland and upland habitats comprising Fringing Paperbark Woodland (Melaleuca rhaphiophylla) and Flooded Gum Woodland (Eucalyptus rudis) provide habitat for a variety of waterbirds and bushbirds.
Lake Joondalup is considered of national significance and is listed on the Register of the National Estate. Cultural Heritage Value Yellagonga Regional Park has cultural and historical significance to both Aboriginal and nonAboriginal people. There are seven listed Aboriginal sites within the Park known to the Department of Indigenous Affairs (DIA) and another four sites adjoining the Park. In addition, there are other possible sites, which are yet to be listed by the DIA. Land comprising Yellagonga Regional Park is significant to the local Aboriginal people (Nyungars) because it was an important camping area used widely for watering, food-gathering, camping and tool-making, hunting and corroborees, and summer social life (Brittain, 1990).
In the Aboriginal seasonal cycle of camp movements, it was used as an east-west staging between the foothills and the ocean, and a northsouth staging between Mt. Eliza and the Moore River. The lands of Yellagonga Regional Park comprised a significant camp due to its centrality within the Mooro district, its proximity to the ocean and other lakes and the abundance of food
Part A. Introduction 4 including wildfowl, kangaroos and other marsupials (Brittain 1990). According to Mr Ken Colbung, Yellagonga Regional Park is important to the present Nyungar people forming part of their Dreaming (DPUD 1992a).
The Park also contains historical remnants of early European settlement. Brittain (1990) notes 100 items, people, places or events that are of significance within and surrounding Yellagonga Regional Park. Landscape Value Yellagonga Regional Park provides significant landscape and amenity value to the region. The Park’s landscape provides strong visual connections both within and into surrounding areas. Significant views of the major water features including the lake landscapes of Joondalup and Goollelal can be appreciated from many vantage points around the Park. These views are an important part of the Park’s identity.
The relationship of adjoining land uses to the Park’s landscape can have a significant impact on the overall amenity of the Park.
Many landscape character types contribute to the overall high visual quality of the Park ranging from mature woodland areas to extensive views of open water (along with its wildlife) to well maintained areas of grassed parkland. Recreational Value Yellagonga Regional Park is of high recreational value as it provides opportunities for a wide range of passive and active recreation. Of particular significance is the opportunity to recreate in natural environments that are relatively undisturbed yet close to urban areas. A wide variety of natural features such as the lakes, wetlands and bushland areas, provide visitors with a multitude of experiences and recreational opportunities.
It is these features in a natural park setting that attract people to the Park. There are many recreational opportunities available to Park visitors including picnicking, bushwalking, bird watching and general nature observation. Additionally, recreation pursuits such as bicycle riding will be catered for in the future. Yellagonga Regional Park contains a number of smaller recreation nodes catering for informal recreation. They offer a variety of settings, facilities and recreation opportunities. Neil Hawkins Park, which is the main recreation node of the Park, caters for family picnics, large group activities and summertime outdoor concerts and performances.
Picnic Cove Park and Banyandah Park are less developed, providing opportunities for small groups and informal recreational activities. The eastern bank of Lake Joondalup caters for active sporting activities at Joondalup Park and Scenic Drive Park. Indoor sporting and community activities occur at Wanneroo Indoor Community Recreation Centre.
Yellagonga Regional Park also presents recreational value in terms of its rich cultural heritage and historical background. Two heritage trails are located within the Park. The Lake Joondalup Trail is a 27km self-guided walk/drive trail, which traces the development of Wanneroo around Lake Joondalup. The Yaberoo – Budjara Heritage Trail is a 28km walk trail which links Lake Joondalup and Yanchep National Park and highlights features of local Aboriginal and nonAboriginal cultural significance in the area. Perry’s Paddock is the site for Wanneroo’s Annual Picnic Day and provides a venue for other largescale outdoor events.
The annual picnic is an important social day for the people of Wanneroo. Cockman House also offers recreational value for those interested in local history and its relationship to the Park. It provides an example of a typical limestone cottage of the early settlers to the area. Commercial Value There are opportunities for the establishment of commercial operations within Yellagonga Regional Park. These could range from hire facilities at activity nodes around the Park, to a kiosk or restaurant, to education facilities providing interpretation and information about the natural environment and cultural values of the Park.
Such facilities should complement the values of the Park and so engage Park visitors to interact in new ways – without compromising or degrading the qualities of the environment. Operations that reinforce the natural or cultural values of the Park will be the most appropriate and valuable enterprises. Research Value Yellagonga Regional Park has significant research and scientific values. On one hand, it contains rich, dynamic ecosystems with seasonal and periodic variations, subject to considerable external pressures and inputs. On the other hand it has areas with high recreational demand r equiring an understanding of changing social use of natural areas for recreation and landscape design.
In particular, the extraction of technical data on wetland ecosystems and water quality makes the Park an extremely valuable resource in gaining technical and managerial expertise that can be applied to other wetlands across the Swan Coastal Plain.
4 - The Management Plan and Community Involvement This Management Plan has been prepared in five phases: 1. The first phase was aimed at identifying the relevant planning and management issues. This was achieved by undertaking a literature review, analysing the existing condition of the Park and organising a community workshop. Public involvement in this phase was encouraged through newspaper articles and canvassing key stakeholders for the community workshop. 2. The second phase was the preparation of the Draft Management Plan. This involved identifying values and preparing planning
Introduction 5 strategies to protect those values and address the issues identified in phase one. Within this phase the Department of Conservation and Land Management, the Department for Planning and Infrastructure, the City of Joondalup and the City of Wanneroo provided advice on the development of the Plan. 3. The third phase involved presentation of the draft Plan for public comment. Its availability for review was widely advertised, the draft was open for public comment for a three month period. 4. Phase four involved the acknowledgement and analysis of public submissions.
5. The fifth phase involved the preparation of the Final Plan incorporating issues or comments raised within submissions. The revised Plan was submitted for adoption by the Conservation Commission of Western Australia and for approval by the Minister for the Environment and Heritage.
Part B Principal Management Directions 6 B. PRINCIPAL MANAGEMENT DIRECTIONS 5 - The Vision for the Park The long-term vision for the Park is that: “Yellagonga Regional Park will be a quality wetland system supported by healthy forest, woodland and parklands with sustainable community use that recognises Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal heritage in a visually harmonious environment.” GOALS Goals have been set for each major part of the Plan, while objectives designed to achieve these goals have also been identified.
The following management goals are proposed for the Park. Conservation Protect, conserve and enhance the Park’s biota and natural ecosystems as well as its physical, cultural and landscape resources.
Recreation Provide for and manage recreation, tourism and leisure in a manner that minimises conflict between visitors, and is consistent with other management objectives and Park values. Commercial Allow for appropriate commercial uses within the Park and manage them in a manner that minimises impact on other values and contributes to regional park management costs. Research and Monitoring Seek a better understanding of the natural, cultural and social environments, and the impacts of visitor use and Park management.
Community Relations Promote informed appreciation of the Park’s natural environment, cultural values and recreation opportunities and facilitate liaison with the community about its management.
Integration of Management Develop and maintain integrated and coordinated management arrangements between the participating Park managers and planning authorities. Strategy 1. Manage the Park for conservation and environmental enhancement and allow recreation and other uses of the Park to occur to the extent that they do not impair the values of the Park. (Department of Conservation and Land Management, CJ,CW) [High] 6 - Management Policies The objective is to integrate the policies of the management agencies to complement and support the vision for the Park.
Conservation Commission of Western Australia and Department Of Conservation and Land Management Policies This Plan is based on current policies prepared by the Conservation Commission of Western Australia and the Department of Conservation and Land Management. These policies derive from legislation, principally the Conservation and Land Management Act 1984 and the Wildlife Conservation Act 1950, and associated regulations. Policies are published and distributed throughout the Department as policy statements. They are available to the public on request. These policies, as they relate to this Park, cover aspects such as conservation, recreation and community involvement.
Local Government The management actions of the City of Joondalup and City of Wanneroo should reflect the intent of this Plan. The local governments involved with the Park will adopt the principles outlined in this Plan as policy for managing their reserves within the Park. Strategies 1. Apply Department of Conservation and Land Management and Conservation Commission of Western Australia policies in the management of the Park. (Department of Conservation and Land Management) [Ongoing] 2. Prepare a local government policy statement for the management of the Park that reflects the principles outlined in this Plan.
(CJ, CW) [High] 7 - Land Tenure and Park Boundary The objective is to ensure that the values of the Park are protected by security of a tenure and reserve purpose.
PARK BOUNDARY The Yellagonga Regional Park boundary has been determined by the Department for Planning and Infrastructure (DPI) and is based on the boundary advocated by the State Planning Commission (now the WAPC) in 1992. The existing Park boundary and land tenure at the date of this Plan is shown on Figure 3. The boundary reflects the existing Metropolitan Regional
Part B Principal Management Directions 7 Scheme (MRS) under which the entire Park is reserved as “Parks and Recreation”. LAND TENURE Land within the Park consists of reserves administered under the Land Administration Act 1997 and vested or managed by State government agencies and/or the Cities of Joondalup and Wanneroo, as well as unallocated Crown land and freehold land owned by government agencies and private individuals.
This Plan seeks to determine the most appropriate tenure arrangements for the land comprising the Park. The Plan seeks to reserve land and vest it in either: § the Conservation Commission of Western Australia; § the City of Joondalup; § the City of Wanneroo; or § the National Trust of Australia (WA) Crown reserves will be created using the management areas outlined in the Plan’s Park Management Zones as a guide (Section 9). New reserves created in the Park may have management orders under the Land Administration Act 1997 requiring the relevant vested authority to comply with this Plan.
Reserves to be created and vested in the local governments comprise Areas 6, 9, 11 (City of Wanneroo) and 15 (City of Joondalup). The WAPC has agreed to a three-year lease to the National Trust of Australia (WA) for the conservation and interpretation of the State heritagelisted Luisini Winery. As part of this agreement, the National Trust of Australia (WA) will accept vesting of the lands comprising the winery when the lease expires. Additionally, as part of this management planning process, the National Trust of Australia (WA) has agreed to accept the vesting of Area 24 in its entirety. As such Area 24 will be created as a reserve and vested in the National Trust of Australia (WA) (see Figure 4).
The tenure arrangements for some areas of the Park will not change, for ins tance, Lot 1 Joondalup Drive is to remain vested in the Conservation Commission of Western Australia as a conservation park. Should additional land be included within the boundary of the Park during the term of this Plan, its tenure arrangements will be consistent with the protection and enhancement of the Park’s values. Transfer of WAPC-owned freehold land Freehold lands owned by the WAPC will be converted into reserves under the Land Administration Act 1997 and vested in the Conservation Commission of Western Australia or the relevant local government and managed in accordance with this Plan.
Reserves created from WAPC freehold land and vested in the Conservation Commission of Western Australia will be afforded an appropriate purpose for the protection and enhancement of Park values and will be classified as class A under the Land Administration Act 1997 (refer to Table 1). As agreed to by the Cities of Joondalup and Wanneroo, reserves created from WAPC freehold and vested in the local governments will be reserved for the purpose of “Public Recreation” and afforded similar tenure arrangements as the reserves vested in the Conservation Commission of Western Australia.
Crown reserves and unallocated Crown land Crown reserves now vested in the Cities of Joondalup or Wanneroo which are proposed to be vested in the Conservation Commission of Western Australia will be converted to Class A Reserves under the Land Administration Act 1997 and afforded an appropriate purpose.
Existing Crown land reserved for utilities or services such as drainage will retain their existing reserve purpose and tenure arrangements. The closure of road reserves considered unnecessary by planning and management agencies will be further investigated. Should road reserves be closed they will be included in the Park and afforded an appropriate reserve purpose and tenure arrangements consistent with the protection and enhancement of Park values (refer to Table 1). Unallocated Crown land is to be created as reserves and transferred to either the Conservation Commission of Western Australia or the relevant local government.
These reserves will also be afforded an appropriate reserve purpose and tenure arrangements consistent with the protection and enhancement of Park values.
Reserve 31048 – Lake Joondalup Reserve Number 31048 (Lake Joondalup) is currently jointly managed by the City of Joondalup, City of Wanneroo and the Department of Conservation and Land Management. This management arrangement has been in place since October 1 971 when the then Western Australian Wildlife Authority and the then Shire of Wanneroo agreed to manage the reserve as a board. The reserve is to be vested solely with the Conservation Commission of Western Australia and managed by the Department of Conservation and Land Management. The reserve will cover the water body of Lake Joondalup.
The wetland vegetation around the perimeter of the Lake will be included in separate reserves and managed in accordance with Table 1 and Figure 4. The vesting of Res erve Number 31048 solely with the Conservation Commission of Western Australia will not affect the existing arrangements for the implementation of The Midge Management Strategy for Lake Joondalup (2001) (Section 19). Midge management will continue to be the responsibility of the City of Joondalup, City of Wanneroo and the Department of Conservation and Land Management given the issue emanates from the surrounding water catchment areas and requires the expertise and resources of the three agencies to be integrated.
Part B Principal Management Directions 8 Private property This Plan is not the mechanism by which freehold land, held by private individuals or organisations, is to be acquired by the WAPC. The Department for Planning and Infrastructure on behalf of the WAPC will continue its voluntary land acquisition programme within regional parks. Additionally, the WAPC may require land to be ceded free of cost to the Crown as a condition of subdivision. Until acquired by the WAPC these lands will remain protected under Perth’s Metropolitan Region Scheme by their “Parks and Recreation” reservation.
This Plan will not dictate the management of privately owned freehold land held by individuals or organisations in the Park.
However, when the land is acquired by the WAPC, management will be in accordance with the Plan’s Park Management Zones (Section 9). Access by Park visitors to areas of private property owned by individuals or organisations in the Park is not available until it is acquired by the WAPC. Negotiated settlements are required in order to obtain the remainder of private land within the Park boundary. In relation to Lot 102 Goollelal Drive, Kingsley, acquisition by the WAPC is subject to the restrictions imposed by the Deed of Compromise covering this property.
Strategies 1. Adopt the Park boundary as shown on Figure 3. (Department of Conservation and Land Management, CJ, CW, DPI) [High] 2. Create reserves to be vested in the relevant managing agency in accordance with the Management Zones outlined in Table 1 and Figure 4. (DOLA, WAPC, DPI, Conservation Commission of Western Australia, Department of Conservation and Land Management, CJ, CW) [Medium] 3. Consider management orders for new reserves to be vested with the relevant local governments requiring compliance with this Plan. (DOLA) [Medium] 4. Seek to acquire the remainder of the private land within the Park as soon as practicable from willing landowners.
(WAPC) [High] 5. Investigate the closure of road reserves within the Park that are considered unnecessary by planning and management agencies. (Department of Conservation and Land Management, DPI, CJ, CW) [Medium] 8 - Interim Management and Legislative Amendments The objectives are to provide for the protection of the Park under the Conservation and Land Management Act 1984 and to ensure t hat interim management arrangements facilitate the appropriate management of the Park. INTERIM MANAGEMENT ARRANGEMENTS Prior to the gazettal of the Final Plan and subsequent transfer of lands to the appropriate managing agencies, there is a need to clearly define interim management arrangements between the land managing agencies involved in the Park.
The Department of Conservation and Land Management will coordinate the interim management of the Park by management agreements prepared for Crown reserves and freehold lands controlled by State and/or local government agencies involved in the Park. A regional park management agreement for interim Park management may comprise either: § a Section 16 Agreement of the Conservation and Land Management Act 1984; § a Memorandum of Understanding; Interim management of WAPC owned land Section 16 of the Conservation and Land Management Act 1984 allows the Department of Conservation and Land Management to enter into agreements for the management of private (freehold) land.
Following June 1997, when the management responsibility for regional parks was progressively transferred to the Department of Conservation and Land Management, the WAPC and the Department of Conservation and Land Management agreed to enter into a Section 16 agreement under the Conservation and Land Management Act 1984. This formal agreement has been finalised and acts as an interim management arrangement prior to the land being vested in the Conservation Commission of Western Australia or the relevant local governments.
The agreement includes all WAPC lands within regional parks with the exception of those leased to local governments or private individuals or organisations.
On lands owned by the WAPC, the Department of Conservation and Land Management can utilise the WAPC (Reserved Land) regulations administered by the Department for Planning and Infrastructure. Interim management of Crown land and freehold land controlled by government agencies Local governments and State government agencies will be responsible for managing lands under their control. An overall integrated approach to the interim management of Yellagonga Regional Park will be coordinated by the Department of Conservation and Land Management.
Part B Principal Management Directions 9 Interim management arrangements for private property Where individuals or organisations hold private property within the Park, the owner is responsible for its management. The Department of Conservation and Land Management may seek formal management arrangements with individual private landowners within the Park. In relation to Lot 102 Goollelal Drive, Kingsley, should an agreement be sought, it would need to be done so in the context of earlier agreements between the WAPC and the owner.
LEGISLATIVE AMENDMENTS The Conservation and Land Management Act 1984 will need to be altered to specifically include the management of regional parks.
The management of regional parks may be included as a function of the Department of Conservation and Land Management in the Act. Strategies 1. Implement the management agreement under Section 16 of the Conservation and Land Management Act 1984 with the WAPC. (Department of Conservation and Land Management, WAPC, Conservation Commission of Western Australia) [High] 2. Prepare interagency management agreements f or interim park management for areas controlled by State or local government as required. (Department of Conservation and Land Management, Conservation Commission of Western Australia, CJ, CW) [High] 3.
Amend the Conservation and Land Management Act 1984 to provide for regional parks. (Department of Conservation and Land Management) [Medium] 9 - Park Management Zones The objective is to adopt a management zoning system that protects conservation values, provides for appropriate recreation and other uses, and provides for efficient management of the Park. Management zones are a framework for protecting the Park by minimising existing and potential conflicts between uses and activities. They provide a guide to the public uses and management activities which are appropriate in certain areas and indicate which management objectives have priority in any area.
The management zones and areas for the Park are illustrated in Figure 4. They provide a guide for the future vesting of Park areas. However, given there are numerous service and utility reserves in the Park, they should not be used as a detailed schedule for changing land tenure arrangements in the Park. Within Yellagonga Regional Park four management zones have been identified: a) Conservation and Protection b) Natural Environment Uses c) Recreation d) Sport and Recreation Refer to Table 1 for the management emphasis and acceptable uses and facilities within each zone. The zoning scheme does not direct the management of privately owned freehold land held by individuals or organisations in the Park.
However, when the land is acquired by the WAPC, management will be in accordance with the Plan’s Park Management Zones.
Strategy 1. Base future management of the Park on the zoning plan (Figure 4). (Department of Conservation and Land Management, CJ, CW) [Ongoing]
Part B Principal Management Directions 10 Figure 3 - Existing Land Tenure and Park Boundary
Part B Principal Management Directions 11 Figure 4 - Management Zones and Areas
Part B Principal Management Directions 12 Table 1 - Management Zones and Land Tenure Management Zone Plan Area Management Agency Reserve Purpose Management Emphasis Acceptable Uses and Facilities Conservation and Protection Area 1 Area 2 Area 10 Area 18 Area 23 CALM CALM CALM CALM CALM Conservation Park Nature Reserve - Conservation of Flora and Fauna Conservation Park Conservation Park Nature Reserve - Conservation of Flora and Fauna The management emphasis of this zone is to protect and where possible, enhance the conservation values and landscape qualities of the Park.
Priority will be given to maintaining the natural state of Conservation and Protection Areas with a minimum of impairment. Visible evidence of management will be minimal. Wetlands or Waterbodies: Restricted public access. Unauthorised watercraft and vehicles prohibited. Development of facilities, boardwalks and observation platforms are acceptable in certain locations (see Figure 8 -Recreation Masterplan). Protection and enhancement of natural habitats to ensure survival of wetland ecosystems is considered essential. Education and research uses allowed.
Upland Areas: Public access restricted predominately to nature trails, cycle tracks and through access ways (in certain locations). Development of facilities such as observation platforms are acceptable in limited locations (see Figure 8 - Recreation Masterplan). Rehabilitation of vegetation. Habitat protection for bird species and other fauna is considered essential. Education and research uses allowed. Natural Environment Uses Area 3 Area 6 Area 9 Area 13 Area 14 Area 16 Area 17 Area 19 Area 20 Area 22 Area 26 CALM City of Wanneroo City of Wanneroo CALM CALM CALM CALM CALM CALM CALM CALM Conservation Park Public Recreation Public Recreation Conservation Park Conservation Park Conservation Park Conservation Park Conservation Park Conservation Park Conservation Park Conservation Park The management emphasis is to provide for appropriate uses of the natural environment.
Areas will be managed jointly for public use, conservation and enhancement of flora and fauna, and improvement of landscape qualities. Public use must be compatible with the assigned purpose of the relevant reserve. Visible evidence of management may be moderate to high. Management will encourage uses and develop facilities that promote conservation and education.
Areas are readily accessible by walking trails and cycle paths. Some development of facilities necessary. These may include education nodes and facilities (such as car parks) associated with visitor nodes. Commercial concessions compatible with the values of the area may be considered appropriate within this management zone. The provision of facilities will depend on the values of the area and the community demand for facilities. Rehabilitation and habitat protection will be necessary. Recreation Area 4 Area 5 Area 7 Area 11 Area 12 Area 15 Area 21 Area 24 Area 25 CALM City of Joondalup City of Wanneroo City of Wanneroo City of Joondalup City of Joondalup CALM National Trust CALM Conservation Park Recreation Public Recreation Public Recreation Recreation Public Recreation Conservation Park Heritage Purposes Conservation Park The prime emphasis of management will be to provide a variety of recreation opportunities.
The type and intensity of facility provision will depend on the values of any given area, community demand for recreation and the appropriate management of the Park. Management involves minimising the impact of visitor activities through the sensitive placement and provision of access and facilities. Weed control and rehabilitation may be necessary. Visible evidence of management is likely to be high.
Public use may be high in these areas. Predominantly passive recreation pursuits, allowing for park and picnic facility development. Commercial concessions for visitor services may be considered appropriate within this management zone. Weed control, rehabilitation, landscaping and reticulation of areas may be necessary. Continued over page...


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Boy was I lucky, a couple of years ago when I ordered a copy of the Anna Nicole Smith movie To The Limit the seller accidentally sent me Limit Up. Easy mistake to make, but when informed of the mishap they still sent me To The Limit and let me keep Limit Up at no extra charge!
United States – 1989
Director – Richard Martini
MCEG Virgin Home Entertainment, 1990, VHS
Run time – 1 hour, 28 minutes
In the long history of European contact with the African continent and New World the darker races have always held a frightening mystique for the white man. Unable to trust or to resist them, the dark “other” is conveniently blamed for Whitey’s own moral weakness.
Begin with naïve white girl Casey (Nancy Allen of Robocop), a country lass of sorts unfamiliar with the ways of the city. The city in question is Chicago where the Mercantile Exchange and its mountains of grain cry out to be traded with excessive gesticulation. And our country girl yearns to gesticulate, but this match made in heaven is stopped short by the subtle name and arrogant patriarchy power of alpha-male trader Oak (Dean Stockwell of Quantum Leap & Blue Velvet)
Thus, pity is suitably conjured in the forces that be and Casey’s very own Magic Negro is summoned from the inner-city ether. But Nike is no ordinary Magic Negro, she is the first self referential Magic Negro, possessing the amazing ability to manifest herself as any of the myriad racial stereotypes that lie at the very root of her inception. Thus, the last of Casey’s innocence is shed at the behest of a fast talking mammy. But Nike offers more than just broken hope, she also offers the possibility of redemption. At the price of Casey’s soul.
Surprise! Nike is actually an evil Magic Negro in the employ of a Dixiecrat Satan who sometimes likes to upset the status quo, but only in slow, plodding barely discernable steps. Casey can enjoy a little success turning the man’s world upside down, but adding the adjective white in front of man’s world and you’re upsetting the quo a little too much. America just isn’t ready for that. So Casey’s dreams are semi-realized, not through hard work and perseverance, but by superstition and reliance on a time tested hierarchy of racial dominance. Upon reaching the top of the heap Casey decides that Nike’s usefulness is at its end and declines to fulfill her side of the bargain.
And that’s okay since based upon no particular ability or work of her own Casey is now successful, famous and solidly rooted in the dominant class. She can learn her lesson with a little good natured ribbing from her new maid, Nike (see back cover).
Yep, we were just kidding, Nike really is just a regular old Magic Negro. After a brief stint of housecleaning she returns to the slums to stand around the barrel fire with her boss God, (Ray Charles, no shit) and plot their next dastardly social retrenchment.
A couple of VHS boxes I borrowed from Living On Video

domain: artistic


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Dora Barn Activities
Baby Dora Real Makeover
Dora Valentine Day Cake
Baby Dora Boots Birthday Party Decor
Pou Has a Baby
Baby Dora Royal Cake
Dora Cake Berry Shop
Studious Dora Library Cleaning
Baby Dora Christmas Room Clean
Baby Dora Princess Difference
Dora And Diego Camp Clean Up
Dora And Diego Camp Clean Up is the right game for you to play on Gamerock.me.
If you want to play more games, check out Dora Gardener or Baby Dora Tooth Decoration.
To play even more games, head over to the
Baby,Dora,Decoration,Girls or just check out the best games page.

domain: entertainment


text:
A FACELIFT could be on the cards for up to 60 Larne businesses as part of a £77,000 town centre refurbishment scheme.
The Spruce-Up programme, being delivered by the Department for Social Development, aims to improve the look of Dunluce Street, Lower Cross Street, Point Street and Bridge Street in the hope of attracting more shoppers to the area.
The scheme will see a range of work being carried out to shop fronts and gable walls, including painting and minor repairs to plaster, woodwork, gutters, downpipes and windows. Gutters are also to be cleaned out and any roof vegetation will be removed.
Other work will include fencing off any vacant sites in the area, and the introduction of new bollards and street lighting on Dunluce Street to improve pedestrian safety. Double yellow lines were put in place on Dunluce Street earlier this year in a bid to ease the flow of traffic in the area.
All businesses and property owners in the area have now been advised of the details of the scheme and encouraged to submit applications for a share in the funding pot. The grant will be available until March 31, 2012.

domain: news


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Online edition of India's National Newspaper
Thursday, May 01, 2003
Reliefs on textiles, edible oils|
NEW DELHI, APRIL 30.The Union Finance Minister, Jaswant Singh, managed to successfully steer the Finance Bill 2003 through the Lok Sabha today but drew flak mostly from members of the BJP and some of the allied parties who seemed clearly ...
Ready to go to Delhi, says Jamali
ISLAMABAD, APRIL 30. To give a fillip to the peace initiative of the Prime Minister, Atal Behari Vajpayee, Pakistan is likely to announce a package of confidence-building measures (CBMs) in the next few days. According to sources in the ...
Laloo, Rabri attack BJP at RJD rally
PATNA, APRIL 30. The ruling Rashtriya Janata Dal today displayed its newly raised lathi-wielding army at its rally here, undeterred by two incidents of violence in less than 12 hours killing as many people, one belonging to the party and the ...
India's plea against Quattrocchi fails
SINGAPORE, APRIL 30. The Malaysian Court of Appeal today turned down India's petition against the High Court's dismissal of the plea for the extradition of Ottavio Quattrocchi, Italian businessman who was residing in Kuala Lumpur until recently, ...
15 athletes stripped of medals
NEW DELHI, APRIL 30. Twenty-one top athletes, including the fastest man and woman at last year's Hyderabad National Games, were today pronounced guilty of taking banned substances and now face a possible two-year ban. The Anti-Doping ...
DDA scam: CBI arrests former Delhi HC judge
NEW DELHI, APRIL 30. The CBI today arrested the former Delhi High Court judge, Shameet Mukherjee, for his alleged involvement in the multi-crore Delhi Development Authority (DDA) corruption scam. He will be produced before a Delhi court tomorrow, ...
Bonanza for phone users
NEW DELHI, APRIL 30.Telecom customers will have a major bonanza, including free incoming calls for cellular phones and a low 40 paise a minute call by Reliance on limited mobile (WLL) networks, while there will be no hike in the rental or reduced ...
SARS: 9 test positive
NEW DELHI, APRIL 30.Nine more persons in Pune have been confirmed to be positive for the dreaded SARS virus and preliminary tests revealed that a 65-year-old man in Punjab has tested positive in preliminary tests, Health officials said here ...
Blast at phone exchange
JAMMU, APRIL 30.Militants today blew up a telecommunications exchange in Rajouri district. The attack, the first of its kind in the border district of Jammu, led to the disruption of services in the area. Police sources told The Hindu that ...
AI decision challenged
MUMBAI, APRIL 30.Twenty-seven of the 45 pilots suspended by Air India today moved the Bombay High Court challenging the airline's decision.
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These are mainly sight words for my kindergarten-aged daughter but you can bet her older and younger brothers will want a turn with them, too. They can take turns holding them up at the appropriate parts of the story, copying them onto paper and putting them in the order that they occur in the story. You can download a pdf file of the gingerbread man picture cards to print.
We also plan to play a dice game, inspired by something similar that I saw on Pinterest. I downloaded a large gingerbread man template and made a few copies. I wrote numbers on it to correspond with one die for my kindergartener and two dice for my 7 year old (he can add them together). First one to find all the numbers on their gingerbread man wins.
And then, we will do the most fun activity of all….make gingerbread cookies!
Here are some secular December vocabulary word cards that I made. My daughter loves these. We review them several times and then get more practice when the words come up in books that we read. We say, “Hey, we know that word!” She also likes to copy the words onto paper and to hang them on the wall as decorations. You can download a pdf file of the December word cards and print them.
I also wanted to share something that we had great fun with last week. I saw a Montessori present wrapping activity on Pinterest and got to work setting one up for my kids. They loved it! I don’t know why I didn’t think to take pictures. Anyway, it was a great way to show them how to wrap presents (without using massive amounts of tape), how to graciously give and receive presents and to remember to throw away the wrapping paper after opening. They can’t wait to wrap real presents now.
Do you notice how Pinterest has
taken over my life inspired me to make so many things for my kids? Here are more things I’ve pinned that are Christmas related. Hoping to try a few more this month.

domain: hobby


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Beef Tripe · 100g
3,20 € – 7,90 €
This snack is rich in essential nutrients, such as high-quality protein, vitamins and minerals. These nutrients are essential for the development and maintenance of good health in dogs.
In addition, beef tripe is a natural source of fiber, which contributes to digestive health, helping to regulate intestinal transit and promoting better nutrient absorption.
Beef tripe contains a large amount of digestive enzymes and probiotics that help maintain proper digestive health.
One of the highlights of beef tripe is its high collagen content.
Collagen is a protein that plays a vital role in the health of your dog’s joints, bones, skin and fur.
By including beef tripe in your pet’s diet, you help keep their joints strong and flexible, promote healthy skin and a shiny fur.
Make your pet enjoy in a more natural way
At BIMORDISCOS we offer you 100% healthy and natural snacks for your pet.
We know you have a partner to take care and love.
That’s why these snacks are perfect for all kinds of dogs whether they are big or small, calm or crazier.
You’ll see that they’ll not be able to stop biting and licking these delicacies with an intense and pleasant smell for them.

domain: health


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Immediately is #GivingTuesday, assist us reclaim the rights of ladies & girls. Government statistics present that greater than 10 females are slain on common every day in Mexico, making it one of the crucial harmful countries on this planet for women and girls. As just lately as 2017, an average of seven girls were killed each day in Mexico. This research was authorised by the Institutional Evaluation Board at National Institute of Public Health of Mexico (INSP). All contributors gave their consent to take part on this research.
For years, Roemer’s accusers chipped away on the wall of silence that protects males, and especially powerful men, in a rustic the place neither feminism nor the motion in opposition to gender violence had yet gone mainstream. When Schnaas roared her accusation, it was amplified by their efforts, and brought up on social media and WhatsApp to create a group of beforehand siloed victims. Now, an open secret has grow to be an international political scandal.
This transformation, nonetheless, was driven by females from Asia and elsewhere. There was no change among feminine latest arrivals from Mexico and Central and South America. Amongst Asians, the share of female migrants who had their very own kids dwelling with them in the U.S. decreased from 55% in 1980 to forty six% in 2004. Amongst female arrivals from the other areas (primarily Canada, Europe, Africa, Australia, and New Zealand), the rate decreased from 50% in 1980 to forty two% in 2004.
aMultivariable analysis refers to adjusting for age, website (Chiapas, Yucatán, or Nuevo León), health care provider (public, private, or other), indigenous background (yes or no), training (highschool mexican brides, bachelors, or masters), marital standing (single, together, or divorced or widowed), socioeconomic standing (low, center, or high), and violence (yes or no).
In this examine we solely included few questions concerning sexual abuse and requested little about emotional and physical abuse in childhood. The correlation between alcohol abuse and sexual abuse might need been increased. Langeland and Hartgers28 recommend some methodological points for enhancing outcomes. These embody the tactic used (questionnaires tend to receive decrease charges than interviews), the number of questions and their contents, how specific the definition of abuse is and the age of the aggressor and the victim on the time of the occurrence. In the future, more particular scales could possibly be included.
One of Mexico’s most well-known and controversial leftist journalists in Mexico, Aristegui has typically been censored and politically opressed for her views. She has won dozens of awards for her work, together with the National dating a mexican woman tips Award for Journalism a number of occasions. She is a part of the Political and Social Sciences division at Mexico’s National College, UNAM, and her work often goes in opposition to social and political norms.
The Mexican revolution started in 1910 with an rebellion led by Francisco I. Madero against the longstanding regime of Porfirio Diaz The military section is usually thought of to have lasted through 1920. Most often it is the case that ladies involved in struggle are overlooked. Although the revolution is attributed to men, it is important to observe the dedication and participation women contributed, simply as a lot as their male counterparts. Poor mestiza and indigenous women had a powerful presence in the revolutionary battle turning into camp followers usually referred to in Mexico as soldaderas 19 Nellie Campobello was one of many few ladies to write a primary-individual account of the Mexican Revolution, Cartucho.
Deciding Upon Immediate Secrets Of Marrying A Mexican Woman
Explaining Clear-Cut Products In Dating A Mexican Woman Tips
Porter, Susie S. From Angel to Office Employee: Center-Class Id and Feminine Consciousness in Mexico, 1890-1950. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press 2018. Jovita Idar was a journalist for La Cronica, her household mexican women seeking black men‘s Laredo newspaper. She helped set up and lead the Liga Femenil Mexicanista, one of many earliest identified twentieth-century organizations of Mexican American ladies.

domain: sociology


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You might remember that, back in June, I sang the praises of Ellen Kushner and Company's Tremontaine, a serialized story published by SerialBox. I read the omnibus version of the first season and fell in love with the swordfighters, the scholars, and the lovers. I wanted to continue with the story but I assumed that the seasons were just in audio form and on the web and I didn't know if I had enough listening/computer time to make much progress in the series. I also thought that you had to keep up with their schedule and I was already hopelessly behind. Luckily, SerialBox reached out and got me onto their app and I discovered that each episode is actually in audio AND print form and is available forever. There are even extras included, like posts from each author as the episode they penned airs -- and they are all archived. Now I've started listening to Season 2 (or reading when I forget my earbuds or only have a moment or two to fit in a scene) and I'm not feeling at all rushed, even though the story has already moved on to Season 3, episode 8. I can buy episodes ($1.59 each -- what a deal!) or whole seasons at any time and just download them when I'm ready. However, I still can't decide whether to binge or take my time and savor each episode, like I would with the choicest Kinwiinik chocolate.
With a cup of heaven (or maybe a tomato pie),


There has been a lot of press recently regarding the environmental impacts of cruise ships.
The cruise and shipping industry are looking to innovate and seek best practice when it comes to being environmentally conscious. Things are changing rapidly, with the lines designing ships to be more efficient and environmental sustainable. So let’s take a look at some of the initiatives being developed and delivered to improve the impact of ships.
A lot of ships currently utilise a mixture of different heavy oil fuels, depending on whether they are in port or at sea, which produce differing levels of emissions (particularly sulphur dioxide and other particulates). Addressing this is a significant challenge and the industry is looking to move away to more sustainable fuels, with older ships being retrofitted with new technology and new ships being built with it in mind from design outset.
Many ships already employ solar energy to power many of the systems on board, for example the lighting, which in turn reduces the need to burn as much fuel. Whilst this may not seem much remember some of the ships we are talking about look after thousands of guests and the size of small towns, so it all makes a difference.
One upcoming example of fuel for the industry is Liquified Natural Gas, or LNG. This is a rapidly growing market as LNG tends to be cleaner and more efficient than existing diesel counterparts. Currently the downside is the cost of storing, transporting and production, however this is changing rapidly and LNG hybrid cruise ships are already in use by Aida Cruises, the AidaPrima and AidaPerla. More LNG-powered ships are set to be delivered in the coming years by most parent cruise companies, including Carnival, MSC, NCL and Royal Caribbean.
One other source which will be utilised on ships in the near future is the application of fuel cell technology on board. This is where hydrogen is used in a chemical reaction to produce energy, where importantly there are very few byproducts, of which the main one is water. Royal Caribbean are looking to trial this technology on existing ships from 2017 and deploy it to its newest ships in the next few years, with the eventual aim to remove the need for a funnel entirely.
Over the past few years the cruise industry has taken an active role in looking to address existing emissions from ships. One such mitigation is installing scrubbing equipment within the exhaust systems of ships. This is a neat solution as lines are able to retrofit their existing fleet to bring down emissions.
Scrubbers, or Advanced Emissions Purification Systems, take the exhaust from the ships engines and cleans it. Jets of salt water are sprayed into the exhaust and the particles of sulphur dioxide react with the water to form sulfuric acid, which is then neutralized by the salt water. The water also causes other debris to drop from the smoke. This water is then treated by filtering and centrifuge to remove the added chemicals and particulates. These systems are or have been installed on a number of ships and multiple lines are looking to do this across the industry. It has been shown that this can reduce more than 97% of sulphur dioxide emissions.
Whilst changing the fuel is one way to address emission concerns, a more intrinsic look needs to be taken at how ships are designed that can help to reduce emissions. Cruise lines are always looking to develop ships that are more efficient and ultimately burn less fuel. This is for a number of reasons, including cost, efficiencies and of course environmental protection. The design of cruise ships is rapidly changing, with hull structures being completely rethought in order to enable it to travel using less energy. For instance, a number of new ships coming out in the coming years will employ variations of what is known as the inverted bow. As the name suggests the bow appears to be upside down and significantly increases efficiencies.
The design of a cruise ship hull is understandably complex, and there are many other ways which will look to reduce consumption and emissions overall. One such innovative system to note is what is called an Air Lubrication System. This relative newcomer is being rolled out across the industry, where a cushion of air is projected under the ship. This reduces the friction between the ship and the water enabling it to travel more efficiently through it, in turn reducing the need to utilise energy to propel the ship. This can significantly improve efficiencies and reduce CO2 emissions up to 10-15%, along with significant fuel savings.
One major issue issue for the industry is when ships come into ports and have to continue to use their engines to generate power, potentially producing emissions in the vicinity of populated areas. Some of the above solutions could be employed to reduce emissions in ports, but one solution that is available now is shore power.
As the name suggests, this is where the ship effectively plugs into the main power grid of whatever port it is in, and so enables the ships to turn off their engines whilst in the port. This is a great idea, however, the delivery of such a solution has been very slow with only a handful of ports and ships able to provide this. Principally this is for three reasons, firstly there is no industry standard or regulation for the power interface so ships may or may not be compatible. Secondly it is a very costly process not only for the port but cruise lines as well, and thirdly that there may very well not be the availability of power to support the ship (or that the power would still come from unsustainable sources). However despite this, there is significant potential in its application.
One area Dispatches focussed on was the discharge of grey or impure water, particularly when ships are at sea. This has been a big issue in the past, with several lines having been fined heavily for this activity, but it is again something the industry is working to try and address.
Many ships and lines now employ what is called an Advanced Wastewater Purification System. This advanced systems cleans the wastewater generated on board, with the aim that cleanliness exceeds any wastewater discharge standards. The way the system does this varies, but can include biological treatment, filtration, disinfection and advanced oxidation. Once the water has been through this process it is recycled through the ship or discharged safely. Any remaining impurities/sludge are pumped into a holding tank for subsequent drying/incineration or appropriate disposal at land-based facilities.
In order to achieve a standard that excels for the industry there is a need for physical measures as highlighted above, but also appropriate industry, company and ship board policies and regulations to be in place to ensure environmental impact is kept to a minimum and best practise/innovation is embraced.
An example of company policy is through the Royal Caribbean Save the Waves programme. The sustainability programme is founded through four key principles:
- Reduce, reuse, recycle – reduce the generation of waste material, reuse and recycle wherever possible, and properly dispose of remaining wastes
- Practise pollution prevention – It is strictly forbidden to throw anything overboard
- Go above beyond compliance – Do more than regulations require
- Continuous improvements – Change is the only constant. Innovation is encourages and rewarded
It can be easy to fob-off programmes such as this as corporate jargon, but embedding this responsible culture in an organisation can influence its entire business model, as well as customer and staff behaviours which in turn can look towards reducing the impact the industry has on the environment. Influencing behaviour has to be one of the core principles of this change.
This is just a quick canter through some of the schemes that are being undertaken across the industry. There are many more initiatives being undertaken which collectively will look to create a sustainable industry in the future.


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A cozy living room always be every person dream. To make your living room cozy, you need to make sure that you choose the comfortable living room furniture for it. You also need to consider the decoration ideas on it. Combining a comfortable furniture with awesome decoration ideas will be the best stuff that you need to consider.
The red sectional sofa within the picture could be a good furniture choice that you need. The rectangular coffee table on it looks so modern and great. Below it, you can see a fur rug that looks special to complete the furniture set. You can also see glamorous decorations around it that make entire living room more splendid.
In the other hand, you can also see a small living room design that looks so cozy. The white sofa with colorful decorative pillows on it makes the living room a bit whimsical. Moreover, there is a zebra patterned accent chair next to it. With the brown coffee table on it, those two furniture will be the best design which also comfortable. Various colors within this living room design must be the best idea that you can try.
A contemporary living room with the black furniture set could also be a good choice that you can get for sure. The stone fireplace in this living room seems so awesome. The unique design of it seems to be match perfectly with the black furniture. The white wall and flooring will complete those combinations.
Even though it is easy for us to make a cozy living room, but you need to make a good looking living room too. Choosing a comfortable furniture for the living room might be an easy stuff, but you also need to consider the ideas on it. Thus, you can make a creative looking living room design which also comfortable.


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Have you asked yourself how you can get help on creating a research papers? For those who haven’t, then you could possibly be taken aback by the quantity of people who have requested that problem
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domain: library


text:
All MPs could vote remotely through an online voting tool. Votes cast remotely are shown as normal on the TheyWorkForYou voting record.
The option of online voting was removed, and a number of MPs may have been unable to vote because they were not physically able to attend.
The requirements on proxy voting were relaxed, allowing MPs to designate another MP to cast a vote on their behalf.
If an MP votes by proxy, it is effectively exactly the same as if they cast the vote in person and it shows up on their TheyWorkForYou voting record.
MPs are not required to designate a proxy, and may instead pair with an opposing MP to miss a vote. Parliament does not record when two MPs have come to a pairing arrangement, so on TheyWorkForYou, they will both appear to have been absent for the vote.
We will update this information if the situation changes. See more detail on votes during the COVID-19 period here.
Munira Wilson is a Liberal Democrat MP, and on the vast majority of issues votes the same way as other Liberal Democrat MPs.
This is a random selection of Munira Wilson’s votes, where they voted similarly to their party.
Last updated: 12 Oct 2020. Learn more about our voting records and what they mean.
We have lots more plain English analysis of Munira Wilson’s voting record on issues like health, welfare, taxation and more. Visit Munira Wilson’s full vote analysis page for more.
Mental Health Provision (Children and Young People) Bill: Second Reading – Munira Wilson.
The Minister will be aware that proper community policing is vital for preventing crime and saving lives, yet across London, since the Prime Minister was Mayor, we have seen community policing slashed, and in Richmond borough, in particular, we see our officers routinely extracted to other events. Yet in the same period knife crime has doubled. He will be aware that in September there was the...
To ask the Secretary of State for Education, what criteria were used in the selection of the Dyson Pure Cool Formaldehyde – TP09 and Camfil City M as air cleaning units for education and childcare settings.
Liberal Democrat MP for Twickenham
Entered the House of Commons on 13 December 2019 — General election
Last updated: 13 Dec 2021.

domain: law


text:
CRN# 11865 - MUSC 1220D - 001
In performance, November 2016
Associated Term: Spring 2017
Dr. Joseph Amante, instructor and organization advisor: [email protected]
Knight Campus, Warwick - rm. 0562
Lecture Schedule Type
Audition and consent of instructor
An auditioned ensemble performing choral works drawn from all style periods. It is
a “hands-on” course with repertoire that may include motets, anthems, large works,
folk songs, and spirituals. Performance experiences may include concerts and trips.
Goals and Outcomes:
Provide students with an opportunity to discover the singing instrument and develop
skills related to singing choral music
- Perform works that are a cappella and/or utilize small ensemble techniques (for example,
- Acquire/develop skills in music reading, tonal memory and stage presence
- Develop uniformity of phonetics and group effort
- Develop awareness of the rhythmic relationship between notes in its application to
- Learn to sing properly and expressively based on techniques in diaphragmatic breathing,
proper tone production, clear diction and the stylistic interpretation of selected
- To act as ambassadors for the CCRI Department of Performing Arts
Discover cultural awareness through the preparation and performance of repertoire
in other languages and types of choral literature.
All members must attend every weekly rehearsal, Tuesdays and Thursdays from 11:30-12:45
PM. Students are advised to record rehearsals for music learning.


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A Kwara based Non-Govermental Organisation, International Women Communication Centre (IWCC) has taken its advocacy campaign against the containment of the novel coronal virus to the people of Kwara State at the grassroot levels.
This is in furtherance of its week long sensitisation campaign against gender based violence and enlightenment toward curbing the spread of CONVID-19 pandemic as the NGO takes its advocacy to the people of Ojooku in Oyun Local Government Area of Kwara Stare and Shao in Moro Local Government.
Speaking at the event, President of International Women Communication Centre (IWCC), Dr. Nimotal Goroso, charged the people of Ojoku to rise up against violence against women in their domain and ensure strict adherence to the measures put in place by the government toward curbing the scourge.
She said the incessant increase in rape in the country calls for concern and the earlier women rise against the scourge the better.
Goroso added that the incidence of Covid-19 pandemic across the globe is real and the people at the grassroots shouldn’t compromise or downplay its presence.
“We can curb this virus by adhering to all the laid down precautions as describe by the Nigerian Centre for Disease Control. It is by this we can ameliorate the spread of the pandemic in our society. To prevent CONVID-19, we have to embark on adequate information dissemination and cooperation.
“We have to educate our girl and boy child. Economic empowerment, shelter, helplines for women should be considered as essential service,” Goroso stressed.
In the same vein, the Olojoku of Ojoku, His Royal Highness(Oba) Abdulrasaq Adegboyega Afolabi charged the government to proffer a severe penalty to curb the incessant increases in rape cases in Nigeria.
The royal father however proposed castration as a means toward curbing increases in activities of rapists in the country.
“It is pertinent at this time for the government to prescribed castration against women violence.
“There is no penalty that is too severe for violator of women’s rights. And it is high time stringent punishment is enact by the legislature to curb the menace in the society,” Olojoku said.
He however expressed appreciation to the International Women Communication Centre for taking CONVID-19 awareness to his domain.
“Prior now, the people of Ojoku had strictly adhere to all the precautionary measures to curtail the spread of the novel Corona virus.
“With this campaign by IWCC, it would further broadens the awareness among our people and bring about healthy living,” he stressed.
While in Shao, the President of IWCC charged the people of the community on the need to observe all the precautionary measures toward containment of CONVID-19 as laid down by the Presidential Tasks Force (PTF).
“Let us restrict the notions that CONVID-19 doesn’t exist. The pandemic is real. We should ensure proper compliance with the measures to curtail the spread of the virus, ” she said.
Speaking with newsmen shortly after the programme, the wife of Ohoro of Shao, Olori Mary Adegbite, applauded the management of IWCC for bringing the sensitisation to the town as she said most people do not believe that CONVID-19 exists.
“This programme ought to have been brought here prior now. Initially when this scourge stated, most of our people showed a nonchalant attitude towards the pandemic.
“But with this now, they have been well informed and they will take the lesson learnt here today to their various homes, which will go a long way to raise the awareness among our people, ” the Olori concluded.


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RAF Molesworth Will Be Cleared For New Homes
26 April 2016, 06:45 | Updated: 26 April 2016, 06:56
The Ministry of Defence has confirmed RAF Molesworth will be cleared for new homes when the US military leaves.
The force is due to withdraw from the base sometime between 2020 and 2023. It will then be transferred to the Homes and Communities Agency.
North West Cambridgeshire MP Shailesh Vara was informed by a letter from Defence Minister Mark Lancaster following a meeting with him last month in Whitehall. It was also attended by Huntingdon MP Jonathan Djanogly, the Executive Leader of Huntingdonshire District Council Jason Ablewhite and Councillor Jim White, who represents Ellington Ward which covers the base.
Mr Lancaster says in his letter that the HCA will take forward the development of the site and will do so by working with officials from HDC.
Concerns were raised at the meeting about the suitability of the site for housing and in response Mr Lancaster has said that the HCA will be addressing issues of sustainability and the infrastructure required for a housing development.
Mr Vara said: "This is a huge site and there are a number of issues of serious concern for any plans for developing it.
"It is vital that the local community and HDC are closely involved in any future proposals for the site.
"I will be staying in contact with Mr Lancaster, the Defence Minister, and as soon as the land has been transferred to the HCA I will be arranging a meeting with local representatives so that we are involved right from the outset in shaping its future."


[MODOR] started his way into the music with another alias since 2003 and during this lifetime he made disparate experiences as dj, impresario and receiver shows. [MODOR] is a techno and electronic arcane music financial manager based in Italy. A earshot based on atmospheres, bridges, electronic melodies with plays of effects, distortions and cutoff and extensive and sub bass lines and on on grim vocals too. Speedily he drive be released on Puchero Records (Costa Rica) owned by Manly Iberico and Mely Rodriguez with his pre-eminent three tracks, but he is closing other contacts that determination proceed with his narrative. The contrive, born on 2015, is based on an outsider concealment and on big shows. Working tough on his ableton software and on his Korg synth, he is at the keep on delving of the unrivalled seem. He worked in myriad diffetent clubs in Italy and in other countries such as Greece and Spain, where he played music for top secret parties.


text:
This exceptional collection draws on the most recent demographic data and combines classic research with cutting-edge approaches to provide an invaluable overview of the developmental psychology of the adult years.
- Covers a wide range of topics within adult development and aging, from theoretical perspectives to specific content areas
- Includes newly commissioned essays from the top researchers in the field
- Takes a biopsychosocial perspective, covering the biological, psychological and social changes that occur in adulthood
Keywords: Aging & Adult Development, gerontology, memory, psychology, geropsychology, old age, elderly, developmental psychology

domain: psychology


text:
Not just fans. Not just parents. Not just teachers. Not just girls. There's a rebel in all of us. And all of us share one thing: Star Wars.
To celebrate the launch of Rogue One products and exclusives hitting Target on September 30, the second-largest discount retailer in the United States has put out a powerful new Star Wars-centric television spot. It features Dan Zehr, a teacher who uses Star Wars to teach Shakespeare; Jennifer Landa Busch, who had a Star Wars-themed wedding; Amiyrah Martin, who uses the Yoda quote "Do. Or do not. There is no try." as her parenting motto; and Charley Burns, a nine-year-old girl who likes "all the hardcore girls like Princess Leia."
To learn more about each of them, check out their StarWars.com interviews.
From Lucasfilm comes the first of the Star Wars standalone films, Rogue One: A Star Wars Story, an all-new epic adventure. In a time of conflict, a group of unlikely heroes band together on a mission to steal the plans to the Death Star, the Empire's ultimate weapon of destruction. This key event in the Star Wars timeline brings together ordinary people who choose to do extraordinary things, and in doing so, become part of something greater than themselves.
Rogue One: A Star Wars Story is directed by Gareth Edwards and stars Felicity Jones, Diego Luna, Ben Mendelsohn, Donnie Yen, Mads Mikkelsen, Alan Tudyk, Riz Ahmed, Jiang Wen and Forest Whitaker. Kathleen Kennedy, Allison Shearmur and Simon Emanuel are producing, with John Knoll and Jason McGatlin serving as executive producers.
Rogue One: A Star Wars Story opens in U.S. theaters on December 16, 2016.


Montgomery County will hold hearings today to hear what residents, businesses and others think of a proposal to reassess all properties in the county.
The first hearing will run from 2 to 5 p.m. in courtroom A of the county courthouse at Swede and Airy streets in Norristown.
A second hearing will be held from 7 to 9 p.m. in the same courtroom.
The hearings will be held by the county's assessment appeals board.
Bert M. Goodman, the board's chairman, recommended in March that a reassessment be done because assessments are outdated, and too many people are not paying the correct amount of tax.
A study done by Goodman showed that higher-priced homes tend to be under-assessed, meaning their owners pay too little property tax.
Lower-priced homes tend more to be over-assessed, so their owners pay too much tax, the study indicated.
The last reassessment was done in 1976 and took effect in 1978.
It is not known what the other two members of the assessment appeals board think of Goodman's recommendation. They are former county Commissioner Floriana M. Bloss and Dennis Sharkey.
The board members are scheduled to vote on the recommendation by May 15.
If the board approves the reassessment of the 254,000 properties in the county, the county commissioners will decide by May 29 whether to fund the work, estimated by Goodman to cost $3.5 million.
Democratic Commissioner Joseph M. Hoeffel supports a reassessment.
But Republican commissioners Mario Mele and Jon D. Fox have said they have serious reservations about a reassessment in part because it might hurt senior citizens and others living on fixed incomes.