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OXFORD, MISSISSIPPI // Curtis Wilkie's final year as a journalism student at the University of Mississippi began in the autumn of 1962 in a way he wished it had not: with a military presence on the normally quiet campus. US marshals had come to enforce a federal court order to enrol a young man named James Meredith, who had been denied admission to the segregated school because he was black. A violent riot broke out when students heard Mr Meredith had arrived. Army troops were called in. The National Guard was called up. By the time things turned quiet, two people were dead. Forty-six years later, on Friday, the university - where Mr Wilkie is now a journalism professor - welcomed to campus on wholly different terms another historic black figure: Barack Obama. If someone had told him then it would be just two generations until the first black major-party presidential candidate would set foot here, as Mr Obama did for his debate with John McCain, Mr Wilkie simply would not have believed it. "I would have said, 'you're crazy'," Mr Wilkie, 68, said last week. "He would have been impossible 20 years ago," he said of Mr Obama. "He would have been unimaginable 50 years ago." Mr Obama's candidacy may be historic for the country, and indicative of the progress made in America since the civil rights movement. But the fact that the University of Mississippi, the oldest university in the poorest US state, was chosen to host the first debate was equally symbolic. "If you put 1962 against 2008 and you consider the incident that occurred here in 1962, the irony is almost beyond description," Robert C Khayat, chancellor of the 17,000-student university, said. The school in this conservative southern city, whose central square displays a statue honouring Confederate soldiers who died in the Civil War, goes by the nickname "Ole Miss", a term of respect slaves used when referring to their master's wife. But in many ways, when it comes to racial issues, it has become a new Ole Miss, and students, faculty and residents have been trying to show how. "Obviously, there's great symbolism," said John Meredith, James Meredith's son, of Ole Miss hosting Mr McCain and Mr Obama. "I don't think anywhere in the country there is an institution that has made more significant strides than the University of Mississippi." It is not that race has gone away as an issue here; it has not. Ole Miss students still feel the weight of what happened in 1962, and that is the point. Almost everyone knows you can still see bullet marks on the façade of the Lyceum, a brick building that is the campus's oldest, from the night of the riot. There is a bronze statue of Mr Meredith nearby, including a plaque that notes the October day he "stepped into the pages of history". There is still a great deal of racial separation, as is the case in many corners of America. Walk into the student union cafeteria and it is obvious: by and large, white students eat with their white friends, and black students eat with their black friends. "It's de facto segregation," said Josh Davis, 31, a 1999 graduate of Ole Miss who grew up in Oxford and is raising his own family here. Still, there is something happening at Ole Miss that once never would or could have: people are talking constructively about race. Mr Davis, who is black, has helped spur that. He organised an event last year that brought together 80 students of different races, ethnicities and religions in small teams for dialogue on race relations, along with a scavenger hunt. That led to a three-day retreat in February called One Mississippi, also to tackle the issue of social segregation on campus. "The world is much bigger than this comfort zone they have," said Mr Davis, assistant director of alumni affairs for the university, who suggested that black students and white students at Ole Miss experience the university in very different ways. Nickolaus Luckett, 19, said he is thankful for what Mr Meredith did to pave the way for black students like himself. "We're at a different point now in history," he said. "Now we're moving into socially integrating the university." History looms large, even all these years later. Mr Meredith, who lives in Jackson, Mississippi, applied to Ole Miss in January 1961; four days later, he was denied admission. With the help of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, the NAACP, he took his case to court. He won the legal challenge but faced a much more difficult one when he arrived on campus. It took a few hundred federal marshals, 20,000 army troops and the full weight of the Mississippi National Guard to restore order. When Mr Meredith finally sat down for his first university class, everyone else in the room got up and left, his wife, Judy Meredith, said. "Understand, he was not here to be friends with anybody," Mrs Meredith explained. "He was here on a mission. He called himself a soldier. He was not hurt. He was not afraid. He does not feel he's a hero. He just feels as if this was something he had to do." Mr Wilkie, the journalism professor, has watched the school's complexion change, slowly, from that day when Mr Meredith made Ole Miss the first southern school to accept blacks. He wishes he did more to somehow support his classmate in 1962. "I should have, but I didn't," he said. Mr Wilkie, who is supporting Mr Obama in the presidential race this year, described the Illinois senator's arrival on campus for the debate with one word: gratifying. "I would never have dreamed we'd come as far as we have," he said. email@example.com
The new 'Ole Miss' hosts debate full of symbolism
University that 46-years-ago was the scene of a riot because of the enrollment of a black student welcomes Obama.


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Eric Hobsbawm traces with brilliant anlytical clarity the transformation brought about in evry sphere of European life by the Dual revolution - the 1789 French revolution and the Industrial Revolution that originated in Britain. This enthralling and original account highlights the significant sixty years when industrial capitalism established itself in Western Europe and when Europe established the domination over the rest of the world it was to hold for half a century.
The Age of Revolution Europe, 1789-1848
Paperback (01 Jan 1988)
Includes delivery to the United States
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The preliminary bill is in for Bloor Street's makeover, and it's nearly $4.5-million higher than the original contract.
The cost of beautifying the Mink Mile has ballooned to nearly $24.2-million from $19.7-million, largely because of work Toronto Hydro and others decided to undertake while the street was torn up.
It's been known for some time that Bloor Street's revitalization – which area councillor Kyle Rae has derided as "St. Clair, Part Two" – is behind schedule and over budget.
But a report to next week's meeting of the public works committee lays out for the first time just how expensive the project has become, and why.
"Since commencement of the BSTP [Bloor Street Transformation Project]contract, significant unforeseen issues have arisen resulting in extra work, cost escalation, and considerable delay," the report says.
Toronto Hydro is blamed for the lion's share of the overrun. The utility had to rebuild and physically lower 14 hydro chambers, concrete rooms beneath the sidewalk that contain high-voltage transformers to power nearby buildings.
The work turned out to be more extensive than Hydro realized at the outset, prompting it to defer the stretch between Yonge Street and Avenue Road from 2009 to 2010 at a cost of $2.1-million.
The $460,000 cost of five new streetlights was added to the bill for the main contractor, Four Seasons Site Development Ltd., after "scheduling conflicts" and unspecified health and safety concerns prevented a subcontractor from doing the work.
Relocating a Bell duct structure beneath the south-side curb lane between Park Road and St. Paul's Square cost $244,900, $173,900 of which the city is expected to recover through a cost-sharing deal.
The duct delay prompted the Bloor Street Business Improvement Area, which is paying for the bulk of the revitalization, to ask the contractor in August 2008 to begin work on the north side of the street so the sidewalk could be finished in time for the holiday shopping season. It turned out Brookfield Properties Corporation, owner of 2 Bloor Street, had to waterproof an underground roof before work could start, forcing another delay that cost $391,000.
The new Bloor Street, complete with swanky granite sidewalks, trees and planters overflowing with flowers, is now expected to be substantially complete by the end of 2010, a year late.

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Duke University was to be the first school in the United States to sound the Muslim call to prayer over its school-wide speaker system. The decision to do so, announced just last week, caused an immediate backlash and opposition – and the university administration reneged.
The prayer call was to occur once a week, on Fridays at 1 PM, and last for three minutes.
The decision to allow the loud, haunting prayer call – known in Arabic as an adhan – aroused fears that increasing sensitivity to Muslim desires was bringing with it decreasing sensitivity to the needs of other communities. The piercing muezzin call intrudes on the lives of non-Muslims in many places around the world, and has frequently become an issue of controversy.
In Israel, security forces have often been summoned to ensure that muezzins do not sound the early-morning adhans at volume levels that disturb the sleep of Jews some kilometers away.
Reactions to last week's decision at Duke led to "serious and credible concerns about safety and security," according to school officials – and the decision was changed. This past Friday, hundreds of students attended the public adhan – which was sung in English and Arabic by a Muslim Student Association member using a hand-held microphone behind a chapel door, instead of from atop the chapel tower. A small speaker on the chapel steps broadcast it to the crowd.
Despite several calls on social media to disrupt the service, there were no observable protests. Following the adhan, a few dozen people – about 10% of the Muslim student populace at Duke – took part in the prayer service itself in the chapel basement. Some 700 members of the 15,000 Duke students identify themselves as Muslims.

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Submitted by Quigibo on August 25, 2012
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A Numerical Technique for Breast Medical Research Based on The FSS Transform
Keywords:Breast cancer, Fourier Transform, radon transform, Breast cancer detection
Breast cancer is one of the more aggressive diseases with a high worldwide death rate in women. The early detection and timely treatment are the best methods to save life patients. Thus, the development of a technique for medical research can represent an invaluable tool. The aim of this paper is to present an initial accurate and efficient numerical technique based in the Fast Slant Stack Transform as an aid to detect spiculated masses and architectural tissue distortion hidden in digital mammograms. This technique is accurate and efficient because performs this task in a very short computing processing time. The technique is validated testing 50 study cases taken from a scientific research medical digital mammogram database.
Finally, a sensitivity analysis confirms the accuracy of the here proposed academic technique as a promising one option particularly in developing countries where digital mammograms are highly preferred for the reduced diagnostic costs.


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Maternal Vitamin D Status and Its Effect on Vitamin D Levels in Early Infancy in a Tertiary Care Centre in Sri Lanka
Epidemiologic studies from South Asian countries have reported vitamin D deficiency among all age groups. However, there is very little information on vitamin D levels, especially in the vulnerable populations (pregnant/breast feeding mother and infants) in Sri Lanka. More data on vitamin D status of such populations will be important for policy decisions to be made at a national level. Similarly, it will be valuable for healthcare programs in other countries (e.g., United States, Australia, Europe, and Canada) as Sri Lankans are a fast-growing migrant population to those countries. The purpose of this study was to investigate maternal vitamin D status and its effects on infants in a state sector tertiary care centre in Sri Lanka. This prospective cohort study was conducted on 140 healthy pregnant mothers in the third trimester (mean gestational age 39±1 weeks). Blood was collected for 25(OH)D and parathyroid hormone (PTH). Sun exposure and feeding patterns of the infants were recorded based on maternal reporting. Mean age of the infants at follow-up visit was 36±7 days. Vitamin D (25 (OH)D) deficiency (<25 nmol/L) was observed in 12% pregnant mothers, 5% lactating mothers, and 63% infants. Insufficiency (<50 nmol/L) was found in an additional 51% and 43% in pregnant and lactating mothers and 25% of infants. Mean 25(OH)D was higher in pregnant (46.4±17.5 nmol/L) and lactating (51.9±17.0 nmol/L) mothers than infants (28.1±13.7 nmol/L). Maternal vitamin D level during pregnancy was a significant risk factor (OR: 6.00, 95%CI: 1.522-23.655) for infant deficiency and insufficiency. Sun exposure of infants showed a significant positive correlation with vitamin D level (OR: 3.23, 95%CI: 1.19-8.68). In conclusion, the presence of Vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency is higher in infants compared to pregnant/lactating mothers. Low maternal 25(OH)D during pregnancy was a risk factor for deficiency in infants. Although majority of lactating mothers had sufficient vitamin D, most of their exclusively breastfed offspring were deficient.
Countries near the equator receive more sunlight throughout the year. However, sun-seeking behavior is uncommon in these countries due to the hot climate. Epidemiological studies from our neighboring country, India, have shown high prevalence of low vitamin D (25 OHD (< 50 nmol/L) in all age groups: neonates, preschool and school children, pregnant women, and adult males . In Sri Lanka, Rodrigo et al. have reported that 56% of premenopausal women have vitamin D level ≤35 nmol/L in the Southern coastal belt of the country . In recent years, vitamin D level <50 nmol/L was reported among preschoolers (35%) and pregnant mothers (63%) [3, 4].
Growing infants are more vulnerable to develop vitamin deficiencies. Cultural influences maintain a high breastfeeding rate in our country. Thus, the nutrition of infants solely depends on the maternal levels during their first 6 months of exclusive breastfeeding period. Vitamin D deficiency among infants and their breastfeeding mothers is not reported in Sri Lanka to date. Vitamin D deficiency leading to rickets and hypocalcaemic seizures has been shown among breastfed infants in Southern India [5, 6]. Atiq et al. have reported that 55% of breastfed infants had 25 OHD below 25 nmol/L in Pakistan .
There are no guidelines on vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy, infancy, or other age groups in Sri Lanka [2–4]. Food fortification with vitamin D is not common in the country except for a few food items such as infant formula, fat spreads, and baby cereal products. Sri Lankans are a fast-growing migrant population to Western countries (e.g., United States, Australia, Europe, and Canada). They are at a higher risk of vitamin D deficiency since they are moving to countries in higher latitudes away from the equator. It is important that healthcare organizations of these countries are aware of this community of dark skinned individuals, who are at risk of vitamin D deficiency.
Thus, this present study was undertaken to determine the vitamin D status in pregnant mothers, lactating mothers, and their infants and to investigate the effect of maternal vitamin status on infant vitamin D levels, in a tertiary care centre in Sri Lanka.
2.1. Study Design, Setting, and Sample
Healthy women aged 18 years or more with singleton pregnancies in their 3rd trimester were recruited for this prospective cohort study at the antenatal clinic in a teaching hospital in Colombo district. Based on a previous study, sample size was calculated . This teaching hospital is a state sector tertiary care centre in the Southern part of Colombo district. Clinics in state-run hospitals offer calcium lactate, iron fumarate, and folic acid only, as supplements during pregnancy. Subjects were enrolled through a convenient sampling technique. Mothers with uncomplicated pregnancies who were not on vitamin D supplementation were recruited for the study. Ethical clearance for the study was obtained from the Ethics Review Committee, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Sri Lanka (Reference No: 22/16). Informed written consent was obtained from all participants. Procedures performed in this study involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee.
Following informed written consent, a pre-tested interviewer administered questionnaire was used to collect information on socio-demography, nutrition, past and present health and well-being. A physical examination, including anthropometry, was performed on all mothers at enrollment. Blood samples (4 ml) were collected from the eligible pregnant mothers and serum was stored at -20°C for laboratory analysis.
2.2. Follow-Up at 4-6 Weeks of Postpartum
Infant-mother pairs were reviewed at 4-6 weeks of postpartum. Reminders via telephone calls (maximum of 3) and a stipend for transport were provided for these parents. Prematurity, congenital anomalies, or any neonatal problems in babies requiring high dependency were considered as exclusion criteria. Detailed physical examination of the infant, including weight, length, head circumference (OFC), and size of the anterior and posterior fontanel was recorded. Sun exposure and feeding (exclusive breastfeeding, formula feeding, and mixed feeding) of the infant were recorded based on maternal reporting. The approximate duration (in minutes) of sun exposure per day, frequency (days) per week, and infant clothing were taken to quantify the amount of sun exposure. Blood samples were drawn from both lactating mothers and their infants for laboratory analysis.
2.3. Laboratory Analysis
Biochemical analysis was performed at the University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Colombo, using the following methods:(1)Vitamin D3 (25OHD) was measured by VIDAS® 25 OH Vitamin D Total using the Enzyme Linked Fluorescent Assay (ELFA). It has good correlation with the Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry reference method with good cross reactivity with vitamin D2 (91%) and D3 (100%).(2)Intact PTH was measured by DRG (EIA-3645) ELISA method. Intra-assay variability is 6.08% for low concentration (32.4 pg/mL) and 3.68% for higher concentration (178.2 pg/mL). Interassay variability is 3.6% for low concentration (30.3 pg/mL) and 2.85 for higher concentration (159.1 pg/mL).(3)Analysis of calcium, inorganic phosphorous (IP), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was performed by colorimetric method using the Thermo Scientific Konelab 20XT Analyzer.
2.4. Data Analysis
Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 15.0. Vitamin D deficiency (VDD), vitamin D insufficiency (VDI), and sufficiency are defined as < 25 nmol/L, 25-50 nmol/L, and ≥50 nmol/L of 25OHD levels, respectively [9, 10]. PTH cut-off value was considered as 66.5pg/mL as per manufacturer’s recommendations. ALP cut off was taken as 420 IU/L for infants, 100 IU/L for lactating mothers, and 250 IU/L for pregnant mothers [11, 12]. Chi square test, Spearman correlation, and independent sample t-test were used for analysis. Statistical significance was set at 95% confidence interval (P <0.05).
The STROBE cohort reporting guidelines were used during the manuscript preparation.
We recruited a total of 140 pregnant mothers. Twenty-five (18%) mothers/infants were excluded due to following reasons: not attending the follow-up visit (n=19), prematurity (n=3), congenital anomalies (n=1), and receiving neonatal intensive care (n=2). A final sample included 115 mothers and 112 infants (consent was not given for blood sampling for 3 infants).
Mean (SD) age of the infants at follow-up visit was 36±7 days. Almost equal gender distribution (M:F of 54:58) was observed among them. Mean (SD) age of the pregnant mothers was 29 (±6) years. Most (81%) mothers were housewives. Majority of mothers were Sinhalese (77.4%) and had either primary or secondary education (93.9%). Almost all of the study population is from low and middle income families (89%).
3.1. Infant Data
Mean values of 25OHD, PTH, and biochemical parameters are given in Table 1. Majority (63%) of the infants had VDD (Table 2). However, secondary hyperparathyroidism was observed only in 9% of vitamin D deficient infants. Serum mineral concentrations (calcium and inorganic phosphorus) were within the normal range in all. ALP was more than 420 IU/L in 42% of infants. Significant but weak negative correlation was observed between vitamin D and PTH. However, correlation between ALP and vitamin D was not significant (Table 3).
Mean weight at birth and at follow up visit were 3000 ± 440 g and 4063 ± 713 g respectively. In Sri Lanka less than 2500 g is considered as low birth weight. Low birth weight was observed in 12.2%. The mean weight gain of the population was 1060 ± 544 g. However, two babies from this study population showed poor weight gain at follow-up visit.
Correlations between 25 OHD and weight (r = -0.172, p=0.069) and OFC (r =-1.61, p=0.089) at follow-up visit were not significant. Although correlation between length and vitamin D level was positively correlated, this finding was not statistically significant (r= 0.198, p=0.557). All these correlations were analyzed after eliminating confounding factors (gestational age, gender of the baby, and the height of the mother). None of the infants had evidence of rickets (craniotabes, wide skull sutures, rachitic rosary, and enlargement of the wrists and ankles) or hypocalcaemic convulsions.
Most of the infants (85.2%) were exposed to the sun either with (only a diaper) or without clothes. None of the babies have used sunscreen in this population. Maximum duration of exposure was 60 minutes/day. Duration of sun exposure had a significant effect on infant vitamin D levels (odds ratio: 3.23, 95% CI: 1.19-8.68). Majority (98.3%) of the infants was exclusively breastfed and two babies were on mixed feeding (formula feeding and breastfeeding).
3.2. Maternal Data
VDD was observed more during pregnancy than lactation (Table 2). Mean 25OHD has improved from 46.4±17.5 nmol/L in pregnancy to 51.9±17.0 nmol/L during lactation. Total alkaline phosphatase (heat labile and heat stable) was more than the cut off levels (pregnancy: 250 IU/L, lactation: 100 IU/L) in 8% and 77% during pregnancy and lactation, respectively). There was no significant difference between serum calcium and phosphate both during pregnancy and lactation. Correlation between 25OHD and ALP and PTH is shown in Table 3. PTH level was above the cut off (>66.5 pg/mL) in 4% & 19% in pregnant and lactating mothers, respectively.
3.3. Comparison of Maternal and Infant Data
The odds ratio was calculated to compare maternal and infant vitamin D levels. Maternal deficiency or insufficiency during pregnancy was a significant risk factor for infant vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency (OR: 6.000; 95%CI: 1.522-23.655; p value: 0.009). Lactating mother’s vitamin D level was not seen as a risk factor for infant vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency (OR: 3.122; 95%CI: 0.789-12.217; p value: 0.127).
This study reports high rates (88%) of vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency (<50 nmol/L) among infants in a single centre in Western Sri Lanka. Jain et al. have reported high rate of vitamin D deficient mothers (81%) and their infants aged 2.5-3.5 months (66.7%) in New Delhi, India . Vitamin D deficiency in exclusively breastfed infants (12-26%) has been reported from Southern India [5, 14].
There are limited data on vitamin D levels in children and adults in Sri Lanka. Marasinghe et al. have reported <50 nmol/L among 35% in preschool children (2-5 years) in a study conducted in the Western Province . Lower rate of deficiency in these preschoolers compared to infants in our study could be due to the increase in sun exposure and higher vitamin D content in their diet as children grow older. Further, Rodrigo et al. have reported that 56% of premenopausal women had vitamin D deficiency (cut off value of 35 nmol/L) in Southern Sri Lanka . Authors had concluded that the high rate of deficiency in that population could be due to the sample being limited to women who were employed and who spend most of the day indoors. In our cohort, most women were housewives. They generally have a different pattern of sun exposure. This could be the likely reason for lower deficiency rate among pregnant/lactating mothers in our study.
25(OH)D passes from the placenta into the bloodstream of the fetus. Many studies have shown that maternal 25(OH)D during pregnancy has a good correlation with cord blood levels at birth [15–17]. In the present study, maternal vitamin D levels during pregnancy correlated with vitamin D levels in early infancy.
After birth, vitamin D status of an exclusively breast fed infant depends on vitamin D of milk and sun exposure. Human breast milk and unfortified cow’s milk have very little vitamin D . Vitamin D content in breast milk is <20 IU/L and this level is not adequate for the needs of the growing infant . An exclusively breastfed infant will receive <20% of the daily requirement through breast milk . Thus, the poor correlation of 25(OH)D observed between the infant and the lactating mother in this study could have been due to low transfer of maternal 25(OH)D through breast milk. In addition, mothers during lactation had higher mean level of 25(OH)D than during their pregnancy. Possible reason for this observation could have been due to less transfer of 25(OH)D though breast milk compared to placental transfer.
However, the supply of 25(OH)D through breast milk increases when vitamin D supplements are provided [21, 22]. A double blind prospective study in USA has reported decreased bone mineral content of infants receiving breast milk alone compared to breast milk with additional supplementation . When lactating women are given 4000–6000 IU/day of vitamin D, enough vitamin D transferred in breast milk to satisfy the infant’s requirement .
Clinical Practice Guidelines in Australia do not provide vitamin D supplementation to all exclusively breastfed newborns unless there are additional risk factors . However, guidelines of many other countries recommend prenatal and postnatal vitamin D supplementation. In the United Kingdom, infants are routinely supplemented with vitamin D . American Academy of Pediatrics has recommended breastfed infants to be supplemented with 400 IU/day of vitamin D in the first few days of life . Clinical Practice Guidelines of Endocrine Society, United States recommend at least 600 IU/day of vitamin D during pregnancy. A minimum of 1400–1500 IU/day of vitamin D is needed for lactating mothers to satisfy the requirements of infant, if additional vitamin D supplements are provided to the infant. If the infant is not supplemented, mother requires high doses of vitamin D as supplementation (4000-6000 IU/day) to transfer adequate amounts of vitamin D to breast milk . However, the higher doses of vitamin D supplementation (>10,000 IU/day) can increase the serum 25OHD drastically and can lead to hypercalcaemia .
Kovacs has reported that vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy and lactation can lead to hypocalcaemia and rickets in infants . In this study, none of the infants had hypocalcaemia. They had higher mean level of ALP indicating mobilization of calcium from bone. However, ALP did not show a significant correlation with vitamin D level. Thus, it indicates that ALP is not reflective of serum vitamin D levels. However, ALP is frequently used as a surrogate marker of vitamin D deficiency in pediatric practice, especially when managing preterm babies, in Sri Lanka.
Expected rise of PTH was not seen in the majority of the study population. We considered the threshold for secondary hyperparathyroidism to be 66.5pg/mL. Souberbielle et al. have shown that PTH starts to rise >46 pg/mL when 25OHD is falling below 30 nmol/L . However, measurement of PTH concentration in identifying the optimal level of vitamin D remains controversial. Hence, we need further research to clarify the clinical value of PTH in identifying vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency.
The American Academy of Pediatrics has recommended that infants below six months should be kept out of direct sunlight because of growing concerns about over exposure to sun and skin cancer . However, the people in Sri Lanka believe that neonatal jaundice is prevented or treated by exposure to the sun. Thus, it is common that most of the parents expose their newborns to the morning sunlight. Since the exposure to the sun is the major source of vitamin D, details of infant sun exposure were recorded and there was a positive correlation between exposure time and vitamin D levels. Jain et al. have shown that sunlight exposure, with the baby wearing only a diaper, for 30 min/week can raise the serum 25OHD to ≥27.5 nmol/L . In our study, infants who were exposed to sunlight >30min/week (72%) had a higher mean level of 25OHD (29.5±14.3 nmol/L) compared to those who were with reduced exposure (24.8±11.7 nmol/L).
Vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency is a likely risk factor for obesity in children [31, 32]. Diane et al. have reported that vitamin D deficiency is associated with increased weight gain in school-children . A preliminary analysis of this study showed maternal vitamin D deficiency had no correlation with infant anthropometry. Furthermore, infant vitamin D status did not show a correlation with weight, length, and OFC as indicated in the results .
There were a few limitations in this study. Present sample did not represent all ethnic, sociodemographic, and geological variations in Sri Lanka. Study sample was restricted to mother-infant pairs from lower and middle socioeconomic backgrounds in an urban setting who seek care from state sector hospitals. Further, due to nonavailability of equipment and funds the bone mineral content, density, and nonskeletal effects such as immune dysfunction were not assessed in this cohort of pregnant mothers and their infants.
The present study shows that vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency is seen among pregnant and lactating mothers and their offspring from a tertiary care centre in Sri Lanka. However, in contrast to mothers, infant vitamin D deficiency was higher. Maternal vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy was a risk factor for vitamin D deficiency in infants. We suggest further studies on vitamin D levels in a nationally representative sample of mothers and infant pairs to confirm the present findings to take a step forward towards formulation of guidelines for supplementation. Moreover, investigations into the suitability of the current cut-off values for our population, long-term impact of vitamin D deficiency in infants, and biological significance of PTH as a marker of vitamin D deficiency are other important areas for future research.
The data used to support the findings of this study are included within the article.
Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
Financial assistance by a University Research Grant (Grant No: ASP/01/RE/MED/2015/40).
The authors express their sincere gratitude to the University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Sri Lanka, for funding the study. We would also like to acknowledge the staff of Professorial Units of Pediatrics, Obstetrics, & Gynecology for their support and Dr. B.J.C Perera, Senior Consultant Pediatrician, for his contribution in language editing.
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domain: literature


Megan Kleven is a singer-songwriter from Southeastern Minnesota. She does much of her writing in a treehouse, built by her father, next to the Zumbro River. Many of her songs are influenced by the sounds of powerful and compassionate artists such as Natalie Merchant, K.D. Lang, Hozier, and Alanis Morissette. Megan began writing music while living in rural Japan, surrounded by other creatives. Since returning to the United States, creative songwriting and musical collaboration has become an integral part of her path toward self-love and positive mental health. She is currently playing in the acoustic pop duo Going Up with whom she performed at various local venues, including the Minnesota State Fair and the Mall of America. She is also a third of the SE MN songwriting trio Driftless Troubadours and is collaborating on multiple projects as part of Earling Kleven with New Jersey musician Chuck Earling. Her debut solo album “I Am” was released on July 11, 2020.


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Law enforcement in France has a long history dating back to AD 570, when night watch systems were commonplace.
Riot & Rampage: Anti-police brutality rally turns violent ... by RT
Policing is centralized at the national level.
France: 20 officers injured as strikers and labour ... by Ruptly TV
Recently, legislation has allowed local governments to hire their own police officers which are called the "police municipale".
A police force is a constituted body of persons empowered by the state to enforce the law, protect property, and limit civil disorder.
The Prefecture of Police of Paris provides policing services directly to Paris as a subdivision of France's Ministry of the Interior.
The Paris Police Prefecture is the unit of the French National Police which provides the police force for the city of Paris and the surrounding three suburban départements of Hauts-de-Seine, Seine-Saint-Denis, and Val-de-Marne.
Within these national forces only certain designated police officers have the power to conduct criminal investigations which are supervised by investigative magistrates.
An inquisitorial system is a legal system where the court or a part of the court is actively involved in investigating the facts of the case, as opposed to an adversarial system where the role of the court is primarily that of an impartial referee between the prosecution and the defense.

domain: law


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- Your shopping cart is empty!
Brightwell Aquatics Nano Code A 250ml
Small reef aquaria offer numerous benefits and challenges to their husbandry. Their compact size affords the ability to create a densely-stocked coral and/or sessile invertebrate assemblage for a modest investment of time and resources, equates to a savings in utility bills relative to the requirements of larger systems, and makes placement of a flourishing captive reef biotope into rooms with limited space a simple matter. The primary challenges associated with caring for small reef aquaria are maintaining proper nutrient concentrations and resisting the temptation to overstock, overcrowd, and overfeed the system. Nano-reef aquarists will agree that a primary goal is to encourage the growth of the corals and other reef-building invertebrates being housed, and the relative rates of growth are largely dependent upon the availability of elements such as calcium, magnesium, potassium, and strontium, as well as upon the alkalinity being maintained within the proper range.
Used in conjunction, NanoCode A & B provide the afore-mentioned elements, as well as the molecules forming the basis of alkalinity, in ratios that encourage the production of aragonite. NanoCode A also provides non-conservative minor and trace elements in natural seawater concentrations to help simplify the maintenance of inorganic water chemistry in nano-reef aquaria. Neither NanoCode contains organic components such as vitamins, amino acids, etc., as these should be dosed separately (indiscriminately dosing these substances with a supplement meant to address high-bio demand elements such as calcium, or alkalinity, could lead to overloading the system with latent organic material, causing water quality to suffer; also, the rates of bio-uptake of the organic and inorganic components would need to be equal in order to avoid an overdose).
Instructions and Guidelines
Basic: Shake bottle well before using. Add 5 ml (1 capful) of product per 10 US-gallons of aquarium water daily or as needed to maintain the calcium concentration within a range of 412 - 450 ppm. When used in this fashion, 250 ml treats up to 500 US-gallons (1,893 L). When used in equal amounts with NanoCode B, the calcium and carbonates being added are in the same ratio found in natural seawater. Do not mix NanoCode A & B in the same container; this will cause the active components to precipitate and become ineffective. Allow 60 seconds to pass between dosing NanoCode A & B.

domain: chemistry


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On this day, in 1775, the Massachusetts Provincial Congress appealed to the Second Continental Congress in Philadelphia to assume authority for the New England army, because as we all know, THE BRITISH WERE COMING!!! (I hope my friend Katie has a good laugh!) So, allegedly at the behest of John Adams, Congress voted to take the NE Army and conscript it for use in all colonies (though no written record exists for that vote). However, they did vote to “to bring in a draft of rules and regulations for the government of the Army,” thus, the birth of our U. S. Army.
Being an Army wife, I am partial to this military birthday, for it is two-fold.
Today is also Flag Day!! On this day, the Second Continental Congress passed the Flag Resolution of 1777, which officially adopted the flag of our new found country.
When I arrived in Texas, it was the summer of 1976. Everything was red, white, and blue, and I thought this was the most color-coordinated country in the world. My dad explained that we were celebrating a very important birthday, and so began my love affair with History.
Long may she wave!!!
Crossposted everywhere I’m at 😉

domain: history


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Who is Columbine? Forgetting the public in contemporary memorial sites
The Columbine Memorial in Littleton, Colorado honors and remembers the thirteen victims of the Columbine High School shooting. The memorial presents itself as an open, public space in which all are welcomed to visit, mourn, or reflect as they wish upon the events of April 20, 1999; however, the memorial’s rhetorical tactics seem intended exclusively for a particular and privatized public—namely, the survivors, family members, and intimates of those killed in the shooting. Through critique of the Columbine Memorial as a public memory place, this occurrence presents a rhetorically oriented instance ...
(For more, see "View full record.")


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Check out Steph's Best in Shelf for 2020!
In addition to capturing the harsh realities experienced by Japanese Americans forcibly removed from their homes and put in incarceration camps by the United States government from 1942-1945, Traci Chee brings to life a group of people that remain tethered together regardless of where their journeys take them. The threads of these stories, weaving together to create a full narrative, have echoes of Tommy Orange's THERE, THERE, diving to deep emotional depths with how tightly knit each moment is.
Royal siblings are forced to go into hiding with a magical commune of women after a violent coup, leading one sibling to realize she feels more herself now than she ever did as a prince. The amount of love and support Grayce recieves throughout this book fills my heart to the brim and I hope to see more trans narratives that capture this feeling of community.
This is not an easy book. It deals with sexual assault and PTSD and the ways the legal system fails children. But this is an essential book. It celebrates the bond of sisterhood and encourages readers to find their voice, to tell their stories. Every library needs this book, because you never know what life it may change.
Just thinking about this book fosters a productive spark of anger that lights up my creativity. It contains elements of Heathers and The Craft which are then deeply cemented with found family and revenge. This queer coven of women see and accept one another in a way that everyone strives to be accepted: no hesitation, thorns and all.
Ben Philippe continues to claim his space among my top three YA contemporary writers, with characters that are always genuine and complex. They never make the "right" decision and instead are always striving to understand themselves and the world they exist in better. I found myself constantly smiling and laughing along with these characters as we took another spin around the dog park and can't wait to see where Philippe's words take me next.

domain: artistic


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When you’re on the road and in the mood for great pizza, we understand there’s reason to
expect less. We’re determined to reset those expectations with our handmade pizza. It’s hot,
fresh, topped with quality ingredients and unexpectedly awesome. We know you’ll agree.
What could be better than combining the gourmet, pizzeria-style tastes you love with the convenience you expect? Enjoy our specialty pizzas with all your favorite toppings, anytime.
Pepperoni? Check. Supreme? Check. Mega Meat? Absolutely check.
But maybe you’re looking for more. Perhaps something like BBQ Brisket or Chicken Cordon Bleu is more your style. Try these and our other seasonal options before they’re gone! They’re undeniably delicious.
Pizza shouldn’t just be about the classic toppings. Why limit yourself? How about a Loaded Omelet breakfast pizza? Perhaps a savory alfredo pizza with fajita grilled chicken strips? Trust us, if you can dream it, we can build it. That’s what makes our pizza so unexpectedly awesome.
Any pizza-lover knows that great pizza requires great crust. Our signature crust begins with our delicious dough and is hand roped 46 times to create the perfect pizza canvas.
Real pizzerias use real cheese, right? That’s why all our pizzas are topped with 100% real mozzarella cheese. Ooey-gooeyness included free of charge.

domain: food


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Paramount Pictures have just released the official movie poster of Marvel’s ‘Thor’. Starring Australia’s Chris Hemsworth (Star Trek 09), Natalie Portman (Black Swan) and Sir Anthony Hopkins (Audrey Rose), the film is set to grace our screens on 28th April 2011. Judging from the tone of the poster, they might just have gotten it right.
Here is the official Synopsis:
Paramount Pictures and Marvel Entertainment present the epic adventure, “Thor,” which spans the Marvel Universe from present day Earth to the realm of Asgard. At the center of the story is the mighty Thor (Chris Hemsworth), a powerful but arrogant warrior whose reckless actions reignite an ancient war. Thor is cast down to Earth by his father Odin (Anthony Hopkins) and is forced to live among humans. A beautiful, young scientist, Jane Foster (Natalie Portman), has a profound effect on Thor, as she ultimately becomes his first love. It’s while here on Earth that Thor learns what it takes to be a true hero when the most dangerous villain of his world sends the darkest forces of Asgard to invade Earth.
And Here we have the poster.


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Pros: Giovanna, our host, was amazing, from giving us 3 adjoining rooms with a terrace with fantastic views to arranging Julio to do our airport run to plying us with their local vino.
Pros: The room had all the amenities one could want, the pool and gardens offered complete relaxation, and the staff was incredibly friendly, helpful, and accommodating, especially the owner Alessandra!
Pros: Rooms spacious. Staff extremely helpful and friendly. Beautiful surrounds.
Cons: Everything great
Pros: The staff were exceptionally helpful.
Cons: Breakfast can be improved.
Pros: This is an excellent hotel with great staff who are really friendly
Pros: The staff was very friendly and extremely helpful and accommodated our every need. Giovanna, the owner, was the most helpful, informative, and accommodating hotel operator we have ever met. She did ...
Cons: Nothing. A longer stay maybe!
Pros: very calm, clean, nice and friendly staff. Rooms are very big.
Cons: no wifi in the room
Pros: Giovanna, the owner is wonderful!!! Very welcoming, helpful and friendly. Great location for the spa.
Pros: Friendly staff and big and nice rooms
Pros: Very Friendly Staff. Room with lots of space and comfortable bed. Free Wifi. Secure parking. Good breakfast selection.
A great choice for a stay in Casciana Terme Lari, Albergo Roma features an airport shuttle. Guests can splash around at the seasonal outdoor pool or grab a bite to eat at the restaurant. Other highlights include a garden, and rooms offer flat-screen TVs and minibars.
Pros: Staff incredibly nice, very good facilities and comfort. Family running the hotel with passion, you nearly feel part of them Also recommended for a stay during a cycling holiday
Cons: Breakfast was ok. In line with experiences in Italy the variety of buffet items can be improved
Pros: Owners and staff very pleasant and helpful. Bed and bathroom clean and towels changed daily. Fantastic building and I'm sure could be fabulous hotel with investment.
Cons: I can only speak for the single room I occupied, very outdated. I appreciate hotel is old and needs to keep architectural features, but interior decor and furnishings could be much more modern and ...
Pros: Staff ( the mojor domo ) stayed late to wait for me even though my flight was delayed Bravo
Pros: Great location, right in the square. The staff were really lovely but don't speak much English, and our Italian is non-existent. Consequently we didn't really get any instructions when we ...
Pros: Friendly staff. 40 minutes from Pisa airport. Own car park.
Cons: OK for a short stay but not a holiday hotel.
Albergo Stella is a great choice for a stay in Casciana Terme Lari. After having fun at the seasonal outdoor pool, you can grab a bite to eat at the restaurant. There's a garden, and rooms offer flat-screen TVs and refrigerators.
Enjoy your visit to Casciana Terme Lari with a stay at Hotel Villa Margherita. Guests can visit the spa to indulge in massages, aromatherapy, or hydrotherapy, and local cuisine is served at Ristorante, which is open for lunch and dinner. A bar/lounge and a garden are other highlights, and rooms at this upscale hotel offer minibars and room service.
Il Leccio offers accommodations in Parlascio. Free private parking is available on site. Some rooms feature a sitting area where you can relax. You will find a coffee machine in the room. There is a shared lounge at the property. Pisa is 17 miles from Il Leccio, and Lucca is 23 miles from the property. The nearest airport is Galileo Galilei Airport, 16 miles from Il Leccio.

domain: travel


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Home > SW Theatre Group’s poem featured in Touch: Sex, Sexuality and Sensuality
SW Theatre Group’s poem featured in Touch: Sex, Sexuality and Sensuality
2 Aug 2021 - 11:15
Touch: Sex, Sexuality and Sensuality
Touch: Sex, Sexuality & Sensuality complied Tiffany Kagure Mugo and Kim Windvogel is ready for online order and available in stores. The Sex Worker Theatre Group are one of several contributors to this collection draws on the experiences of sex from people across genders, sexualities - even borders. Sometimes political, sometimes personal, and sometimes even problematic, Touch delves into the many ways in which sex features in our lives.
To pre-order this book, visiti: https://www.graffitiboeke.co.za/af/377689/Boeke
The SW Worker Theatre Group is central to the Global Grace Project . This is a collaborative research project between the Centre for Theatre Dance & Performance Studies (CTDPS), the African Gender Institute (AGI), the Sex Workers Education and Advocacy Task Force (SWEAT). It is part of Global GRACE (Global Gender and Cultures of Equality), a transcontinental initiative. Participatory theatre and the production of cultures of equality amongst sex workers in South Africa investigates gender positive approaches to wellbeing through the use of participatory theatre and performance. Using these interventions, AGI and partners hope to learn existing initiatives sex workers have used to challenge structural systems of inequality and sexual violence and to raise their aspirations and self-confidence.
The African Gender Institute/ Gender Studies section
Harry Oppenheimer Institute Building
Level 2 & 4
University of Cape Town


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Bliss Pub & Grill
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An inviting oasis and relaxing atmosphere offering tasty cocktails and menu. Enjoy positive vibes beachside at La Bliss or Poolside at Bliss mansion Tema. Follow us on Instagram for weekly and happy hour specials! @ bliss pub
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All seasons pizzaLike all foods, more processed types of pizza are often higher in unhealthy ingredients that's why we take our time to make everything from scratch to suit the perfect taste and a healthy diet for our cherished customers.
PRICE: GHC 50.00
fried yam with grilled chicken / fishdeep-fried yam recipe that can be eaten with a wide range of stews and sauces. It is fried in a way that the outside of the chips is crunchy while the inside is moist.
PRICE: GHC 40.00
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Clemson traveled to 5-10 Boston College Thursday night hoping to move to 2-0 in the ACC. Instead Clemson struggled in the final minutes and left with tough loss 59-57.
Andre Young led the Tigers with 12 points while freshman T.J. Sapp added 11. Tanner Smith, Milton Jennings and Devin Booker all poored in nine for the Tigers.
Clemson struggled from the field hitting only 36 percent and only 26 from three. The Tigers won the battle on the board 32-22 and forced 15 turnovers.
The Tigers struggled early as they only scored four points in the first six meetings. Defense kept the Tigers in the game early and they only trailed 10-4.
Clemson went on a 9-2 run to take the lead on a T.J. Sapp free throw with 10:27 remaining in the half. The teams traded baskets for the final ten minutes of the half. Andre Young hit a three in the final seconds of the half to put the Tigers up 28-26 at the half.
In the second half the Tigers started with a 11-6 run. T.J. Sapp hit a three with 16:33 remaining and was fouled. Sapp hit the free throw to put Clemson up 39-32.
Boston College responded with a 13-4 run to regain the lead 45-43 with 11:41 remaining. The game remained close with both teams trading the lead until the final minutes.
The score was tied at 54 with five minutes remaining. Boston College scored with 2:59 to go and took the lead they would hold until the final buzzer.
With ten seconds remaining Milton Jenning was fouled and had a chance to tie the game by hitting both free throws. Jennings went 1-2 to make the score 58-57. Clemson had one more chance to tie the game with one second remaining, but Devin Booker couldn’t hit the free throws. The Tigers didn’t hit a basket in the final 5:55 minutes.
Clemosn fell to 9-7 on the season and 1-1 in the ACC after the loss. The Tigers host Duke Sunday evening at Littlejohn Coliseum.

domain: game


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Publishing model enters phase of slower but steady growth.
A study of open-access publishing — published last week in the open-access journal PLoS ONE — has found that the number of papers in freely accessible journals is growing at a steady 20% per year (M. Laakso et al. PLoS ONE 6, e20961; 2011). To many, the growth confirms the health of the free-access, author-pays model. But to a few it is a discouraging sign that open access is not about to take over the world of scholarly publishing.
The analysis, by information scientist Mikael Laakso of the Hanken School of Economics in Helsinki and his colleagues, also found that the number of fully open-access journals is growing at around 15% every year as new journals are founded and subscription journals switch to the open-access model (see 'Opening up'). By contrast, subscription journals are growing at about 3.5%. "Most indicators suggest growth is not slowing," says Laakso. "The open-access publishing model has proven itself to work."
Laakso divides the history of open access into three phases. First came the pioneering years of 1993–99, during which most open-access journals were, he says, "home-brew" efforts, set up by individuals and hosted on university servers. Next were the innovation years, which saw the birth of publishers such as the Public Library of Science and of software infrastructure that makes it much easier to launch a digital journal.
Since 2005, Laakso says, innovation has slowed but growth continues — the consolidation phase. Following this trend, last week Nature Publishing Group (NPG) launched Scientific Reports , an author-pays, open-access, online-only journal, which reviews papers on technical soundness rather than impact.
NPG's acknowledged inspiration is PLoS ONE, which in 2010 published 6,749 papers, making it the world's largest journal. It has been a "phenomenal success", says Jason Wilde, business development director at NPG. "It shows that authors and readers like the model of a broad-based journal with light peer review." Scientific Reports will provide PLoS ONE with a rival and help drive up standards, says Wilde. "In any market there should be competition."
The trends "show the success of open access", says Peter Suber, director of the Open Access project at the non-profit lobby group Public Knowledge in Washington DC. So far, he adds, the open-access movement has not imperilled commercial publishers. "The predictions of harm are being proven to be false."
But not all advocates of open access are satisfied with its progress. "The growth rate is portrayed as dramatic, but it's not dramatic at all if the goal is 100% open access," says Stevan Harnad, a cognition researcher at the University of Southampton, UK. Other ways to make papers freely accessible, such as self-archiving and hybrid journals, which allow authors to choose whether to pay for open access, are also growing only linearly, he says. "The rate is much too low for the needs of research."
What is not known is whether open-access journals are competing with subscription journals, or whether they have opened up a publishing niche. Harnad believes that most open-access journals are new ventures. Because nearly all the must-have journals still charge subscription fees, the rise of the author-pays model actually imposes an extra expense on research funders, he says.
To escape this catch-22, says Harnad, institutions and funders — who have led the demand for open access — must mandate grantees to deposit papers published in subscription journals in open repositories. This would free up resources to support author-pays open access. "Publishers won't convert until the money is available to pay them," he says.
About this article
Cite this article
Whitfield, J. Open access comes of age. Nature 474, 428 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1038/474428a
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Fostering diffusion of scientific contents of National Society Cardiovascular Journals:the new ESC search engine
Netherlands Heart Journal (2013)

domain: economics


In v8, by default, CIS will not detect Potentially Unwanted Programs. I personally don’t lke this change, also because the setting to enable this is now hidden under File Rating Settings. Maybe in the future Comodo will put an option during installation to detect these programs. I personally feel that this alone weakens v8’s detecton capabilities.
Manual scan profiles also has this option, but it is also disabled by default (Not to sure why they are not enabled by default). ???
Scan Profiles-Comodo Help
I also didn’t like PUP detection disabled by default.
The worst thing is that just enabling the option in File Rating settings to detect PUP’s in not enough. The user has to enable that option in each scan profile. If you enable the option in File Rating settings, it should be applied globally.
I agree having the option in two locations can potentially cause confusion.
I will try to find out if there is an unforeseen reason for detection to be disabled by default.
PUP option under file rating is for realtime protection, right?
For above bold, I will wait for your reply. I have enabled PUP currently but didn’t thought they may have disabled it now by default for some reason. I just enabled it coz it was enabled by default in previous versions.
I would assume that to be correct.
Individual settings for on demand or real time scanning with these two options available.
Moving it to the wish section.
Moreover, CIS 8 with default settings can’t detect the EICAR test file because of this.
Can you please format your wish using the required format: Comodo Forum
Unfortunately this wish is not in required format despite requests some time ago, and may need splitting into a wish for co-ordination of settings and a wish for the default.
Moving to rejected for the moment, though if re-formatted and split it can be forwarded for voting.
It is perhaps worth noting that the default settings are designed to be low-hassle. Maybe PUP detection should be on by default just in proactive (is it?)
I hope that is OK
This was never a wish! I was simply trying to ask a question as to why the PUP detection was disabled by default in the new CIS 8, and what the users thought about the change. I don’t know why it was moved to the wish section! Apparently the forum mods love to play the moving game and move posts without reading them.
Edit: Thanks for mods for moving this to the appropriate board.
Odd, mine was enabled by default. What configuration are you guys running in that it’s disabled?
It’s enabled by default in Proactive config. If you were using that in v7 and upgraded without a reinstall, it’s probably enabled for you.
I always run proactive and I always do a clean install during major updates.
They will enable it as default in the next version.
This is a good move. Even if they just provide the option to enable it on the installer, it is good that consumers know about the option and the ability to use this feature.


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Aren't they gorgeous?? For Christmas, Ryan & I decided to have our silhouettes done as our gift to each other. Thought it was so sweet and a creative idea that would mean a lot to us. Eventually, we'll add out kid's silhouettes to the mix too. ;)
I thought they would be perfect right above our bed. Now, I want to find some cool candle holders to mount on either side of the silhouettes to finish the look. It will be so romantic. Once we get our new bedding, this room will really looked transformed.
Here are closer shots of them. I love the background paper. I think it really adds something extra to it. I got the frames at Hobby Lobby.
You maybe wondering who the talented person is that made these unique creations. Well, her name is Sarah Loving. Don't you just love her name?? Her husband, Chris, works for the same company as Ryan & I and we have become really close to their family. We got to meet his beautiful wife, Sarah, and their three adorable boys back in Bartlesville, OK. They have a gorgeous home, and Sarah had it decorated so cute. She is one of those people that just has that natural ability to decorate and design. While we were there I kept commenting on her silhouettes and how much I loved them. That's when I found out she did them for other people. So I kept that in mind and I knew that I wanted to use her.
All I did was send her profile pictures of Ryan & I and that's all she needed. Sarah even created this fun digital image of us because she is so sweet.
Her company's name is The Silhouette Girl and she offers one of a kind hand cut silhouettes for the same cost as most digital reproductions. Sarah also offers hand soldered jewelry charms and custom silhouette stationary cards. Check out her albums for samples and pricing on facebook. Here's the link. Or you can email her at firstname.lastname@example.org.

domain: design


The supervisory board of 3D-Micromac AG has appointed Uwe Wagner to the board of directors. Since October 1, 2017, he has been supporting Tino Petsch, the only member of the board to date. Uwe Wagner now is responsible for the technological and commercial management of the German laser specialist.
Uwe Wagner was born in 1971. He studied Electrical Engineering/ Communication Engineering at the University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Hanover and began his professional career at the Laser Zentrum Hanover (LZH). In the following years, he worked for LPKF Laser & Electronics AG, Jenoptik Automatisierungstechnik GmbH and Jenoptik Laser GmbH, where his responsibilities included Product Management, International Sales and the development of new business fields, as well as Business Development for the Laser & Material Processing division at Jenoptik. Uwe Wagner has been working for 3D-Micromac AG since 2012. After an initial period in business development, Uwe Wagner was appointed Chief Sales Officer in 2013. At the beginning of 2017, Uwe Wagner joined the technological management of the mechanical engineering company as Chief Technology Officer.


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When it comes to new product roll-outs, Apple tends to march to its own drum. The tech giant doesn’t usually participate in industry-wide yearly events like CES or E3 — it opts to announce new products and upgrades at its own special events instead.
That hasn’t changed during 2020, despite challenges the world has faced due to the pandemic. Apple has continued to hold its own events in recent months — virtually, of course — to announce new iPhones, iPads, and other Mac products.
One of the announcements made at an event earlier this year was that Apple would soon begin producing its own silicon chips for Macs — shifting away from Intel chips it has been using since ’05. Well, those new chips were just unveiled as part of Apple’s “One More Thing” event — and it sounds like they will have a big impact on new Apple gadgets. Let’s take a look.
Apple’s One More Thing event
As we mentioned, Apple just held its “One More Thing” event on Tuesday. We got to hear all about the new in-house Mac chips during this event — and it sounds like it’s going to do big things for Apple products.
The new M1 chip
Apple’s new silicon chip for Macs, dubbed the M1, is the tech giant’s first in-house chip to be used. Before this rollout, Apple had been using Intel chips in its devices. This means Apple will now do away with Intel chips and use its in-house technology in MacBooks, iMacs, iPhones and iPads.
The M1 chip was the main focus of the event — mostly due to the impact it will have on MacBooks. With the M1 chip, Macs will respond as fast as iPhones and iPads — immediately waking up when you open the lid.
The M1 also means Macs will soon be able to run the same apps originally developed for iPhones. These apps, referred to as “universal apps,” will work across both Intel-based and M1-based Macs and will open up a world of new games for Mac laptop users.
The new M1-powered MacBooks
Another exciting announcement centered around introducing three new Macs — all of which will be powered by the new chip. The new products include a MacBook Air laptop, a 13-inch MacBook Pro laptop, and a Mac Mini desktop computer. According to Apple, all three look almost identical to the predecessors, but there will be big differences in performance.
MacBook Air’s new chip makes it 3.5x faster than its predecessor. It’s also faster than 98% of the PC laptops on the market.
That new Mac Mini will have a CPU that is three times faster than the prior version — and it can play games like Baldur’s Gate 3. And that new MacBook Pro? It has the new M1 chip and upgraded mics and cameras, too. It also has a massive battery life of up to 17 hours, which is the longest battery life of any MacBook on the market.
The M1 chip in new devices won’t mean just more battery life to the Pro, though. It should help improve battery life across the board in all three new laptops.
The new MacBook Air has a price tag that starts at $999, the new MacBook Pro starts at $1,299 and the new Mac Mini starts at $699. If you’re itching to get your hands on a new M1-powered MacBook, all three are available to preorder right now and will start shipping as of next week.
Related: Apple announces new iMacs with better processors and features
The new macOS
While the M1 chip and devices powered by it were the event’s focus, these devices aren’t the only thing to look forward to. There will also be a new macOS roll out on Thursday.
The new OS, dubbed Big Sur, will feature a refined interface for users, along with new Maps and Messages features, too. According to Apple, the new design will feature full-height sidebars, refreshed toolbars, and a clean new app design that brings content front and center.
There will also be a massive Safari update that features brand-new customization options as part of the Big Sur rollout. The Safari update will also improve performance and battery life and introduce powerful features designed to protect your privacy. You can find out more about the new macOS features here.


Moyes didn't want me! Garay claims new Man United boss pulled plug on £18m move
Benfica defender Ezequiel Garay has claimed David Moyes blocked his £18million move to Manchester United this summer.
Former Old Trafford boss Sir Alex Ferguson had been monitoring the Argentina international and the 27-year-old claims a deal was almost done before the Scot retired.
Garay believes Moyes baulked at the price tag with Benfica having to pay his former club Real Madrid a slice of any transfer fee.
Staying put: Ezequiel Garay (above right and below left) was close to joining Manchester United this summer
'I believed I was going to join Manchester United in the summer,' he said. 'The deal was nearly closed but finally Benfica did not accept the offer.
'I believe the exit of Ferguson has influenced the deal. Moyes did not believe in me as much but that's not a problem.
'I am happy at Benfica and have a lot of dreams and ambitions for this season. Now I only think about the present which is Benfica but it's never possible to discard anything in the future.'
No faith: David Moyes (left) pulled the plug on United's move to Garay after taking over at Old Trafford
Barcelona are also interested in Garay as they seek a long-term replacement for veteran Carlos Puyol.
He joined Real Madrid from Racing Santander in 2008 but was unable to hold down a first-team place at the Bernabeu.
Garay joined Benfica two years ago and has won 11 caps for his national side.
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Investment property loans And No DOC rental property financing; This ARTICLE On Investment Property Loans And No DOC Rental Property Financing Was UPDATED On November 22nd, 2018. gustan cho faqs about first time home buyer mortgages Associates has new Rental Property Financing And No Doc Investment Property Loans that has not been in the marketplace since the Real Estate and Market Collapse of.
6 Low & No Down Payment Mortgage Loans (For Bad Credit) GUIDE . Advertiser Disclosure. By: Brittney Mayer .. anything less than a 20% down payment on your mortgage loan makes you a risky investment. To combat that risk, almost anyone who puts down less than 20% on their mortgage will likely.
Learn about your options for bad credit loans including personal loans, List of assets such as home, car, property and where you stand on.
Duplex Investment Calculator funding investment property investment property loans | Griffin Funding – What is an Investment Property Loan? Griffin funding offers investment property loans for those interested in buying or refinancing rental properties and second homes, whether it is a single family home, condominium, PUD, or multi-family dwelling.Experts Answer Eight Crucial Personal Finance Questions – Karabaic: The other big thing I see with people that put it off until later is that they started saving in their retirement, but they’re not actually investing it. that you are equal partners in,Real Estate Loan Interest Rates There are many things to account for when taking out a loan for commercial real estate, and one of the most important elements to pay attention to is the rate. A loan’s interest rate is the amount charged by the lender to the borrower for the use of assets, and is expressed as a percentage of the loan capital.Owner Occupied Loan For Investment Property Investment Property Cash Out Refinance Loan? – Cash out refinancing has become a popular method for owner occupied homeowners to turn the equity in their home into cash. Along with a.
a China-focused alternative investment manager and bad-loan servicing company that was bought by Blackstone last year. “There’s more to buy, bigger portfolios, and different types of credit available.
21st Mortgage Corporation is a full service lender specializing in manufactured home loans.. Our Manufactured and Mobile Home Credit Guidelines include: Loans are. Buy-For and Investment Properties require a minimum of 20% down.
Look for Local Hard Money lenders offering bad Credit Loans. The majority of hard money lenders for bad credit want to look over the property that is securing the loan. The best option is to find a good local hard money lender that has built a reputation closing these types of high risk mortgages that you need.
Refinancing your mortgage with a bad credit score is completely possible, but is. to a cash-out refinance is the equity loss of your investment.
Investment property loans are difficult to qualify as many banks. Almost all of the low credit score loan programs are for owner occupants.
Then after usually 3 to 5 years you make a lump sum payment to the seller. During this time, you should have enough equity to qualify for a standard bank loan. 10. Use a home equity line of credit from another property. If you have equity in another property, you could use that equity as a down payment on purchasing another investment property.

domain: finance


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The Future of Gaming: A Sneak Peek into Next-Gen Consoles
Gaming consoles have come a long way since their inception. From the early days of simple pixelated graphics and limited gameplay options, gaming consoles have evolved into powerful machines capable of delivering stunning visuals and immersive experiences. The history of gaming consoles can be traced back to the 1970s when the first home video game console, the Magnavox Odyssey, was released. Since then, we have seen the rise and fall of various consoles, each pushing the boundaries of technology and gaming.
The impact of technology on gaming consoles cannot be overstated. As technology has advanced, so too have gaming consoles. From the introduction of 3D graphics and CD-ROMs in the 1990s to the advent of online gaming and high-definition visuals in the 2000s, technology has played a crucial role in shaping the gaming experience. With each new generation of consoles, we see improvements in graphics, processing power, and overall performance. This constant evolution has allowed developers to create more immersive and realistic games, pushing the boundaries of what is possible in the gaming world.
The Next-Gen Console Wars: A Look at the Competitors
The next generation of gaming consoles is upon us, with three major players vying for dominance: Sony’s PlayStation 5 (PS5), Microsoft’s Xbox Series X, and Nintendo’s rumored Switch Pro. Each console offers its own unique features and specifications, catering to different types of gamers.
The PS5 boasts impressive hardware, including a custom AMD Zen 2 CPU and a powerful GPU capable of ray tracing. It also features an ultra-high-speed SSD, which promises faster load times and seamless gameplay. The Xbox Series X, on the other hand, boasts similar specifications, with a custom AMD Zen 2 CPU and a powerful GPU capable of ray tracing. It also features a custom SSD for faster load times. The Nintendo Switch Pro, while not officially announced, is rumored to have upgraded hardware and improved performance compared to its predecessor.
When comparing the features and specs of each console, it becomes clear that they all offer something unique. The PS5 and Xbox Series X are focused on delivering high-end graphics and performance, while the Nintendo Switch Pro is known for its portability and versatility. Ultimately, the choice of console will depend on the individual preferences and gaming needs of each player.
The Power of Next-Gen Consoles: Improved Graphics and Performance
One of the most significant advancements in next-gen consoles is the improvement in graphics and performance. With more powerful hardware and advanced technologies, these consoles are capable of delivering stunning visuals and smooth gameplay.
Both the PS5 and Xbox Series X feature ray tracing technology, which allows for more realistic lighting and reflections in games. This technology simulates the behavior of light in real life, resulting in more immersive and visually stunning environments. Combined with the increased processing power and graphical capabilities of these consoles, games can now achieve levels of realism that were previously unimaginable.
The use of ray tracing technology in next-gen consoles is a game-changer for developers and gamers alike. It allows for more detailed and lifelike graphics, enhancing the overall gaming experience. Whether it’s the reflection of light off a shiny surface or the way shadows interact with objects in the environment, ray tracing adds a level of realism that was previously only possible in high-end gaming PCs.
The Future of Gaming: Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality
Virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) have long been touted as the future of gaming. These technologies have the potential to revolutionize the way we play games, offering immersive experiences that blur the line between the virtual and real worlds.
VR gaming involves wearing a headset that transports players into a virtual environment. With the ability to look around and interact with objects in the virtual world, VR gaming offers a level of immersion that traditional gaming cannot match. From exploring fantastical worlds to engaging in intense first-person shooter battles, VR gaming has the potential to take gaming to new heights.
AR gaming, on the other hand, involves overlaying virtual objects onto the real world. This can be done through the use of a smartphone or a dedicated AR headset. AR gaming has gained popularity in recent years with the release of games like Pokémon Go, which allows players to catch virtual creatures in the real world. The potential of AR gaming is vast, with possibilities ranging from interactive storytelling experiences to multiplayer battles taking place in real-world locations.
While the potential of VR and AR in gaming is undeniable, there are still challenges that need to be overcome. The cost of VR and AR hardware is still relatively high, making it inaccessible to many gamers. Additionally, there are concerns about motion sickness and discomfort associated with wearing VR headsets for extended periods. However, as technology continues to advance and become more affordable, we can expect to see VR and AR gaming become more mainstream in the future.
The Importance of Cloud Gaming in Next-Gen Consoles
Cloud gaming is another trend that is set to shape the future of gaming. With cloud gaming, players can stream games directly to their consoles or devices without the need for physical copies or downloads. This allows for instant access to a vast library of games and eliminates the need for expensive hardware upgrades.
One of the main benefits of cloud gaming is its accessibility. With cloud gaming, players can enjoy high-quality games on any device with an internet connection, whether it’s a console, PC, or mobile device. This opens up gaming to a wider audience and allows for more flexibility in how and where games are played.
However, there are challenges that need to be addressed for cloud gaming to reach its full potential. One of the main challenges is latency, or the delay between input and response. In fast-paced games, even a slight delay can have a significant impact on gameplay. Additionally, there are concerns about the stability and reliability of internet connections, especially in areas with limited access to high-speed internet.
Despite these challenges, cloud gaming has the potential to revolutionize the gaming industry. With the ability to stream games instantly and play them on any device, cloud gaming offers a level of convenience and accessibility that traditional gaming cannot match.
The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Next-Gen Gaming
Artificial intelligence (AI) is another technology that is set to have a significant impact on next-gen gaming. AI can be used in various ways, from improving gameplay mechanics to enhancing the overall gaming experience.
One of the main uses of AI in gaming is in the development of non-player characters (NPCs). NPCs are computer-controlled characters that interact with players in the game world. With AI, NPCs can be programmed to exhibit more realistic behaviors and respond to player actions in a more intelligent manner. This adds depth and immersion to the game world, making it feel more alive and dynamic.
AI can also be used to improve gameplay mechanics. For example, AI can be used to create more challenging opponents in multiplayer games or to generate dynamic and unpredictable environments. This adds an element of unpredictability and replayability to games, keeping players engaged and entertained.
Furthermore, AI can be used to enhance the overall gaming experience by personalizing gameplay based on individual player preferences. By analyzing player data and behavior, AI algorithms can adapt the game to suit each player’s unique style and preferences. This creates a more personalized and immersive experience, making each playthrough feel unique.
The Impact of Next-Gen Consoles on Game Development
Next-gen consoles have the potential to push the boundaries of game development. With more powerful hardware and advanced technologies, developers can create more immersive and visually stunning games.
However, developing games for next-gen consoles also comes with its challenges. The increased complexity of game development for these consoles requires more time, resources, and expertise. Developers need to optimize their games to take full advantage of the hardware capabilities of these consoles, which can be a time-consuming and challenging process.
Despite these challenges, the potential of next-gen consoles in pushing the boundaries of game development is immense. With more powerful hardware and advanced technologies, developers can create games that were previously only possible on high-end gaming PCs. This opens up new possibilities for game design and allows for more ambitious and innovative projects.
The Future of Multiplayer Gaming: Cross-Platform Play and Social Features
Multiplayer gaming has become an integral part of the gaming experience, allowing players to connect and compete with others from around the world. The future of multiplayer gaming lies in cross-platform play and social features.
Cross-platform play allows players on different platforms to play together in the same game. This breaks down the barriers between different gaming communities and allows for a more inclusive and connected gaming experience. With cross-platform play, players can compete against friends on different consoles or team up with players from around the world, regardless of the platform they are playing on.
Social features are also becoming increasingly important in multiplayer gaming. From voice chat and messaging systems to in-game social hubs, these features allow players to connect and interact with each other in meaningful ways. Social features not only enhance the multiplayer experience but also foster a sense of community and belonging among players.
The Future of Gaming Accessories: Controllers, Headsets, and More
Gaming accessories play a crucial role in enhancing the gaming experience. From controllers and headsets to virtual reality peripherals, these accessories allow players to immerse themselves in the game world and interact with it in new and exciting ways.
The future of gaming accessories lies in innovation and integration. We can expect to see more advanced controllers with haptic feedback and adaptive triggers, allowing for more immersive and tactile gameplay experiences. Headsets will continue to evolve, offering better audio quality and more comfortable designs. Virtual reality peripherals will become more affordable and accessible, allowing for a wider adoption of VR gaming.
However, developing new gaming accessories also comes with its challenges. The cost of developing and manufacturing these accessories can be high, making it difficult for smaller companies to enter the market. Additionally, there is a need for standardization and compatibility across different platforms to ensure that accessories work seamlessly with different consoles and devices.
What to Expect from Next-Gen Consoles and the Future of Gaming
In conclusion, next-gen consoles have the potential to revolutionize the gaming industry. With more powerful hardware, advanced technologies, and innovative features, these consoles are set to deliver immersive and visually stunning gaming experiences.
From improved graphics and performance to the potential of virtual reality and augmented reality, next-gen consoles offer a glimpse into the future of gaming. The impact of these consoles on game development and the gaming industry as a whole cannot be overstated.
As technology continues to advance, we can expect to see even more exciting developments in the world of gaming. From cloud gaming and artificial intelligence to cross-platform play and social features, the future of gaming is bright and full of possibilities. Whether you’re a casual gamer or a hardcore enthusiast, the next generation of gaming consoles promises to deliver experiences that will leave you in awe.

domain: hobby


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The brawl and shootout at a Waco sports bar that left members of the Bandidos dead is the latest bloody chapter for a group with a history steeped in violence.
A 29-year-old Wichita Falls man is charged with assault family violence with a prior conviction after he allegedly chased his girlfriend from a restaurant parking lot into the bathroom and assaulted her.
Keene State College's annual pumpkin festival takes a violent and messy turn. John Moroney reports.
Another night of violent overnight protests rock Ferguson, Missouri in the wake of unarmed teen's death at hands of police officer. Jay Gray reports.
Movies from the 1980s like “Terminator” or “Die Hard” were rated R at the time of their release – but if they were released today, they’d probably be rated PG-13, a new study suggests.
Hundreds of bikers descended upon Duncan Sunday with one goal--to change the perception of the area.
President Obama condemns violence in Egypt, but doesn't halt U.S. aid.
Did you know that the first day of summer, June 21, not only kicks off sun, fun and relaxation, but it is also National ASK Day.
The summer months are typically the time of year when children play more often in homes of their friends, or even other family members. While we parents ASK all sorts of questions to ensure our childs safety, parents need to ASK if there are guns where their kids are playing?
National ASK Day, is a collaboration between The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), and the Center to Prevent Youth Violence (CPYV). Statistics show that about 1/3 of homes with kids also have guns, many of which are left unlocked and may even be loaded!
An average of 8 kids and teens are killed by firearms everyday and 42 additional children/teens are seriously injured (according to CDC data). 88% of the children who are injured or killed in unintentional shootings are shot in their own homes or in the homes of relatives or friends.
Other studies show that 42% of parents who own guns keep at least one unlocked, and 25% keep at least one loaded, and UNBELIEVABLY 14% keep one unlocked AND loaded! I cannot believe this myself. Scary!
Children are curious and clever. They may see their parent with a gun and it is left out and suddenly a tragedy has occurred. Accidental? Hard to use that word when this accident may be prevented. Talking to a child about gun safety and the danger of firearms is great, but not enough. Curiosity and availability may win when a child wants to play with the gun. Kids are clever and may f
Do violent video games lead to violent behavior?
Texas' Hidalgo County sheriff says his jail can't keep up with influx of illegal immigrants and violent gang members.
Man shot to death by homeowner after GPS leads him to wrong house.
Police say officers shot and killed a gunman who opened fire on his ex-girlfriend and a bouncer at a Seattle bar Sunday night.
22-year-old Carlton Berry charged with aggravated assault after shooting on Houston's Lonestar College campus.
People in some Mexican towns are fighting back against drug gangs.
Three men and a 14-year-old boy have been arrested in connection with a chaotic brawl at a Massachusetts baby shower on Saturday.
A 12-year-old Connecticut boy is reportedly leading a campaign urging teens to power down their violent video games.
President Obama will tap Vice President Biden to lead an administration-wide effort looking at gun control and other measures in the wake of the Connecticut school shooting last week.
A Thanksgiving Day visit turned tragic in Arlington.
Israel ramped up targeted attacks on suspected militants in Gaza Monday as Hamas fighters fired hundreds of rockets at Israel.


Platinum-selling artist Cassie Ventura has officially signed to the roster of the Bad Boy Entertainment/Epic Records partnership. On the heels of this signing, Cassie makes ...
Bad Boy Entertainment has inked an exclusive partnership with Epic Records, that includes distribution of two upcoming albums from Grammy award-winning artist, producer, entrepreneur Sean ...
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Merlin, Woodland Glade.
Merlin is part of the additional woodland we acquired in June 2014. The glade itself was subsequently commissioned in 2017 with the clearance of choking weeds and thickets starting soon after - an essential job to help the new trees get established, remove species that had succumbed to disease and encourage the return of woodland plants.
The clearance revealed a diverse selection of native tree species which we have been nurturing ever since. They look well established already and will make a fitting contribution to a mature and ancient woodland of the future.
Access is via Woodpecker glade and a path to the rear which runs along the bottom of the woodland.
All plots are either in use or reserved.
The site nestles within 60 acres of managed woodland and mainly comprises Poplar trees. The trees have now achieved an impressive level of maturity. The silvery green foliage and rustling leaves give the glade a unique character.
Over the passage of time other native trees will be introduced such as Oak etc and the glade will take on a traditional woodland feel. In the meantime it offers a sanctuary for many different woodland plants and animals which are actively encouraged through good husbandry of the land. Deer, foxes and squirrels are just a few of the regular inhabitants.

domain: geography