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Approved third parties also use these tools in connection with our display of ads. In my sydney waters painting i use the palette knife for the areas around the edge of the nearest land (my focal point).
Load the knife with a generous dollop of paint and dab it gently onto the surface of the painting.
How to use artist palette knife. There is no mistaking the painting with a palette knife and anything else, and often such painting is impasto, so to speak with “fat” brush. The “palette” in the name is a reference to an artist’s palette which is used for mixing oil paint and. But with so many variations in the market, it can be hard to pick the right ones, and that is where our list of the top 10 best palette knives come in handy.
Whether one is a professional artist or a beginner, at one point or the other they will need a palette knife. 3pcs icing butter cream cake sandwich spatula set pastry foundant baking diy au. Video features dimension full hd 1920×1080 language:
The functionality of palette knife is quite wide, and its diversity can surprise when you try to choose it for the first time. Since the 1800’s, it has seen an increase in popularity as a painting tool as well as a mixing one. Paint should be on the bottom of the blade, facing the palette.
I explain how to start off, put thick textured layers and complete the painting using only a knife. An old kitchen knife, plastic knife, a frosting spreader, an emery board, etc and so on. Yet, you should consider that people often say “palette knife” meaning the painting one.
See more ideas about painting, palette knife painting, art painting. Hold the working edge of your blade at about 45 degree angle (as if icing a cake, not slicing) and pick up (wipe up) some paint from the palette. So, how to use a palette knife?
Palette knives are often been confused with painting knives. By applying thick daubs of oil paint on canvas, he was able to achieve the swirling, textural work he became famous for. The way that oil paints are mix and applied to the painting surface is almost the same.
Grab my free color theory cheat sheet the palette knife is not just a tool for mixing paint on your palette. Abstract painting using a palette knife. Whether you are using one to add fine detail to your work or to apply oil and acrylic paint, we have a huge range available from all the best brands.
Get it as soon as wed, dec 9. The quality and texture that you can create with a palette knife painting have a unique result. How to paint with a palette knife?
Shop for good quality palette knives and painting knives at jackson's. 5pcs stainless steel spatula palette knife painting mixing scraper set. This is a detailed guide to help you get the most out of your.
It is primarily used for mixing paint colors, paste, etc., or for marbling, decorative endpapers, etc. With a flexible, pointed blade and durable wooden handle, you can indulge your passion to create for years to come. If you are using a lot of thick paint or doing the piece entirely with knives, a masonite board or canvas board might be best.
Perfect for plein air or studio painting, these knives are easy to clean and will provide years of dependable use. In this video tutorial i show and explain how to work with a palette knife and paint a landscape with oils on canvas. Tools used for knife painting:
Palette knives can be used to mix paint without wasting any as none will get trapped in bristles, like when using brushes. As its name indicates, a painting knife is used for actual painting. The feeling and texture that you create is almost the same.
Save 10% more with subscribe & save. Palette knife painting is a term used to describe the impasto technique of applying paint to canvas using a painting knife. Palette knife is a small spatula (looks like a construction trowel), which is used by the artist at the time of painting.
You can actually use the palette knife to create some pretty stunning effects in your paintings which are not possible with a brush. The purpose of the palette knife is to mix colors or clean the surface of the palette. A stretched canvas can still work with a painting knife, but if you use a lot of paint it tends to weigh the canvas down and it can sag and the paint.
If you happen to be thinking about palette knife as a tool for blending colors together from your tubes to the palette, then you are missing a lot of things. For the remainder of this article, when i use the word knife, i’m. Some artists ignore the brush all together in favor of the palette knife.
4.5 out of 5 stars 28. Place blade, paint side down, same angle, against the canvas. Free shipping on orders over $25 shipped by amazon.
On the other hand, a painting knife has a deep bend in the handle that keeps the artist’s knuckles out of the paint. Painting knives and palette knives are similar, and many people use the terms interchangeably, but they are not the same. You can use a palette knife to place clean color notes onto a wet painting without disturbing the lower layers.
You can use this angled palette knife to mix and scrape paint, and it's also useful for applying mediums and creating textures and details. It is primarily used for mixing paint colors, paste, etc., or for marbling, decorative endpapers, etc.the palette in the name is a reference to an artist's palette which is used for mixing oil paint and acrylic paints. 5 pieces painting mixing scraper,stainless steel artist oil painting palette knife spatula paint art.
With different angles and pressure levels, you can use a palette knife to build up layers of texture, cover large areas with blocks of color, soften hard edges, and add fine details. 5 out of 5 stars (3) total ratings 3, au $8.30 new. Over the years he has become well known for his distinctive style.
You could also use a stiff piece of cardboard or anything you can cut to shape. Gather some paints, a sturdy canvas, and a paint palette to start experimenting with your palette knife! A palette knife or painting knife can be used on almost any surface.
A pa l ette knife is a blunt tool used for mixing or applying paint, with a flexible steel blade. 5pcs stainless steel artist oil painting palette knife spatula paint tools set. 4.7 out of 5 stars 261.
Painting with a knife produces a different result from using a brush.painting knives are excellent for producing a range of effects, from textured impasto work to sweeping areas of flat color and from watercolor to acrylics. If it is your first time to use a palette knife, imagine it as just applying icing on a cake. Art knives come primarily in two types:.
Available at unbeatable prices we offer a range with different spring, offset crank handles and a range of shapes. Artist's loft™ palette knife, 3 1/2 is rated 4.1 out of 5 by 16. A palette knife is a a very important part of any artists equipment.
I try not to overdo it with the palette knife, but rather just use it to accentuate certain areas of importance in my painting or areas which warrant the unique strokes of color only capable of being made with the palette knife. A palette knife is a blunt tool used for mixing or applying paint, with a flexible steel blade.


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Job postings in the cryptocurrency world jumped nearly fivefold in 2021, even as job vacancies in the overall U.S. labor market continued to peak.
A recent LinkedIn analysis has found that positions with “bitcoin,” “ethereum,” “blockchain” and “cryptocurrency” roles grew 395% in the U.S. from 2020 to 2021.
Some of the most common titles included blockchain developers and engineers, LinkedIn said. And most of the job postings were in software and finance related positions. But crypto-related job postings were also within several sectors like accounting and consulting.
The growth of crypto offers posted even surpassed a 98% increase in listings in the broader tech sector.
Techies at legacy firms like Google (GOOGL) - Get Free Report, Amazon (AMZN) - Get Free Report, Apple (AAPL) - Get Free Report are jumping ship in the hopes to become the next big thing in crypto, The New York Times reported in December.
Related: Crypto Investing Strategies In 2022
The spike in cryptocurrency related hiring also comes at a time when investors too have flooded onto the scene.
Investors worldwide poured $30 billion into crypto and blockchain startups in 2021, according to PitchBook data.
Crypto marketplace OpenSea and Chainlink, which supports over $80 billion worth of assets tied up in various smart contracts, are among crypto startups companies leading this new wave of hiring.
Cryptocurrencies across the board witnessed a wide selloff in the past weeks, with prices of some of the most popular tokens including bitcoin, ethereum, XRP, solana, and dogecoin all declining sharply.
Separately, Americans quit their jobs in record numbers ahead of the holidays, with an all-time monthly high of 4.5 million people handing in their resignations in November, according to newly released government data. Even a modest uptick in hiring didn't put much of a dent into the near-record high rate of unfilled positions.

domain: news


Cathy Rigby Flies High as “Peter Pan”
By Skip Sheffield
What an amazing phenomenon is the winsome little woman named Cathy Rigby.
Former Olympic gymnast Cathy Rigby is the star of a revitalized “Peter Pan,” playing just through Sunday, Aug. 5 at
in West Palm Beach.
The petite (4-foot-11) nimble and ageless Rigby will turn 60 Dec. 12, but you would never know it. Rigby leaps, dances, aggressively sword fights and soars as Peter Pan. Rigby has been perfecting her performance as the orphaned little British boy who refuses to grow up since 1974 (since 1990 on Broadway). You could safely say she has it down, but what is most engaging about her performance is her sheer joy in bounding about the stage and flying through the air.
It’s a pretty good bet you already know the story of Peter Pan, as it has been an all-time children’s favorite since it was first published by J.M. Barrie in 1904. So let’s cut to the chase. This production, directed by Glenn Castle, is distinguished by amazing dance numbers (choreographed by Patti Colombo), hearty renditions of a beloved score and nifty stage tricks.
There is a touring stage orchestra in the pit that provides a full sound from a minimum of players, with new dance music by Keith Levenson.
This is most evident in the hilarious “Pirate March,” which is led by Captain Hook (Brent Barrett, who also plays Mr. Darling) in an all-male tango. Later there will be a pirate tarantella, complete with tambourines.
Speaking of dancers, special notice should be made of Jenna Wright, who plays the Neverland Indian maiden Tiger Lily. This is Jenna’s second national tour with the show. It is obvious why she was invited back. She is sensational.
In this compact travelling show, produced by Rigby’s own McCoy Rigby Entertainment, cast members play multiple roles. For example, Kim Crosby plays Mrs. Darling, a Mermaid and the gown-up Wendy (Krista Buccellato). Rod Roberts gets the all-purpose award for energetically portray the Darling family dog Nana, Capt. Hook’s nemesis the Crocodile, and male swing dancer and dance captain.
“Peter Pan” has earlier start times to accommodate a younger audience. Whatever you do, stay until the final curtain. If you leave early you will miss Cathy Rigby’s spectacular finale.
Tickets start at $25. Call 800-572-8471 or go to www.kravis.org.


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Stories are so crucial in the podcasting space. You can be more engaging with your audience when you have a story to share because we all know and love stories; it's how our brain best processes information. So I'm so happy to bring on Tyler Foley, who shares his perspective, through his acting and film and TV world. He's been in that world since he was six years old and is an accomplished film and stage performer as well. He has appeared in productions including Freddy vs. Jason, Door to Door, Carrie, and the musical Ragtime. Tyler is passionate about helping others confidently, take the stage and impact their audience with their stories, and that's why I've brought him on today.
He also is the author of the number one best-selling book, "the Power to Speak Naked". We're going to talk a bit about that which includes overcoming stage fright and learning the secrets to being a more engaging speaker. Because Sean comes from that visual media world of film, TV, and stage and I am from the radio world where there are no visuals involved, I wanted to dig into his brain a little bit to see what the difference is and how that visual world can help in the podcasting space as well.
You are going to love his stories. He really walks the walk and shows you how stories can really connect you with your audience. So get ready to hear his stories because it is all about learning how to speak with confidence and communicate effectively using your power with your story.
Resources mentioned in the episode:
Engage with Tyler:
Connect with me!

domain: entertainment


The Miami Dolphins had Raekwon McMillan and Walt Aikens go down with injuries in Thursday's preseason game.
McMillan suffered a knee injury during a punt return and never had the opportunity to play defense against the Atlanta Falcons. Miami has a lot of optimism surrounding McMillan and will have to hope the injury is not a major one. The rookie was able to walk off the field under his own power, which is an encouraging sign.
Miami drafted McMillan out of Ohio State in the second round of the NFL draft and he is pegged to see some big minutes during the regular season. The linebacker is listed as a starter on the current depth chart for the team, but that could change during these four weeks of preseason action.
Aikens had his back tighten up on him during warm-ups before the game and was ruled out due to that. The injury is not considered serious, but the defensive back missed out on some valuable playing time in the game. Aikens should be back out there for next week's game.
Aikens is entering his fourth season with the Dolphins and has 51 tackles in his career. The 26-year old also has collected one interception in his time in the NFL, after being drafted out of Liberty University.
Miami has battled injuries in training camp, with first-team players Ryan Tannehill and Jay Ajayi both sidelined. Tannehill is expected to miss plenty of time, while Ajayi could be back in action next week. Ajayi is currently in the NFL's concussion protocol program and was unable to participate in this game.
The Dolphins will take on the Baltimore Ravens next Thursday and the game will once again take place at Hard Rock Stadium.


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Welcome to the Liang Lab
Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University
*** We are hiring! One postdoc position is open immediately. Please send your inquires to firstname.lastname@example.org***
Proximity-Enabled Chemical Biology
We are an interdisciplinary research group interested in creating new strategies and tools to control the proximity between molecules in cells. We apply these new technologies in the research of epigenetics, RNA and cell signaling for understanding underlying biological mechanisms and developing new therapies for cancer, infectious and neurodegenerative diseases.

domain: biology


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Trauma, Spiritual Life, and Salvation beyond Conversion
If conversion is marked by a moment of faith and confession then salvation continues to work in the confessor to bring their life into alignment with the way of Christ Jesus. I have begun this sentence with ‘if’ because of evangelicalism’s bulls-eye like effort to bring people to this moment. Of course there has been untold abuse in this effort and at the same time it has brought a lot of good into the world. Unfortunately this has reduced the new birth metaphor to a single moment rather than a picture of the spiritual life for those seeking to see and enter the kingdom of God. The following will view John chapter three as a piece with rich meaning beyond the conversion moment (born again) emphasis through which it is so often read.
The purpose of the pericope in the gospel of John that introduces the new birth is multifaceted (John 3:1-15). Initially the piece presents Jesus as a teacher whose activity is confirmed by the signs that have followed his work. The emphasis is upon Jesus’ teaching, Jesus’ teaching is affirmed by the presence of God, the presence of God is affirmed by the signs. Nicodemus’ interest is in the teaching of Jesus that culminates in a spiritual life rich with the presence of God. This opening introduction prepares the reader for a serene evening of private instruction from Jesus, instruction that surpasses the teaching of the Pharisees.
The writer of the gospel uses this particular piece to introduce his phrase ‘eternal life’. The first time ‘eternal life’ is used in the gospel of John is John 3:15. I understand this verse to be the end of the pericope (John 3:1-15) preceding the section of verses 16-20 which represent the theological teaching of the gospel writer. The literary structure of the chapter within the larger context of the gospel is to replace the phrase ‘kingdom of God’ with ‘eternal life’. ‘Eternal life’ is synonymous with the phrase ‘kingdom of God’ but carries a nuanced meaning that replaces political language with religious language. In effect the phrase ‘eternal life’ is safer language for a religious movement. ‘Kingdom of God’ is used twice by Jesus in verses three and five. In the gospel of John this is the first time for the phrase ‘Kingdom of God to be used and the last time. Jesus does use the word kingdom (not kingdom of God) in John 18:36. His use serves to confirm the other worldly nature of his kingdom.
36 Jesus answered, "My kingdom is not from this world. If my kingdom were from this world, my followers would be fighting to keep me from being handed over to the Jews. But as it is, my kingdom is not from here." (Joh 18:36 NRS)
Jesus is clear, his kingdom is distinctively different from all others and that distinctiveness is the absence of violence. The kingdom of Jesus cannot be established with violence, is not dependent upon the structures that maintain the kingdoms of the world. Perhaps this understanding legitimizes John’s replacement phrase ‘eternal life’. The power of Jesus’ kingdom is the presence of life unbound from the power of death to have the final word.
The interest of Nicodemus is the presence of God that accompanies Jesus’ teaching. Nicodemus’ interest is spiritual. This is confirmed by Jesus’ answer to an unspoken question or an inner need that Nicodemus has failed to articulate beyond his humility before Jesus. Consistent with his teaching, Jesus leads Nicodemus on a journey to enter the ‘reign of God’ or ‘kingdom of God’ or in John’s nuanced phraseology ‘eternal life’. The entrance to life is a spiritual journey likened unto birth. To see and enter the kingdom of God is a continual birthing process with all the trauma of a physical birth. Salvation is more than a gift given at a particular moment, it is the activity of God in history, in the world, through the church and any other way God finds cooperation with human beings. I do not think conversion is always a moment of crisis. The crisis salvation of an altar call is not the only experience for people on their journey to faith in Christ Jesus.
18 For the message about the cross is foolishness to those who are perishing, but to us who are being saved it is the power of God. (1Co 1:18 NRS)
Paul speaks of salvation as a process in the life of those that grasp or understand the message of the cross. The ongoing process of salvation is equatable to the teaching of Jesus in John 3:1-15. The defining statements for understanding the ‘new birth’ metaphor are Jesus words on ‘seeing’ and ‘entering’ the kingdom of God. To see (the reign of God) presents challenge, to enter is the appropriate response. The kingdom of God is a teaching, a teaching about the way human beings are to live in the present age because they have embraced a reality other than the present age. To grasp the reign of God exposes the present reality and unmasks all its illusions. Light has come into the world and a completely new way of living is exemplified in the life of Jesus. A follower of Christ does not hide from the present reality but lives within it like someone from an alien culture who cannot be assimilated, but lives in a way that transforms the dominant culture with a power unseen like the wind.
The birth metaphor communicates the birthing of the Spirit that takes place as we see and enter (embrace) the kingdom of God. Learning the ‘nature’ of the reign of God is an ongoing process constitutive with intellectual and spiritual growth. Nicodemus’ question on the new birth suggests that in order for such a process to take place the living human being would be lost, birth after all can only happen once then we mature and age. However Jesus clarifies that the birthing of Spirit is not limited by the maturation process, rather the birthing of the Spirit takes place within an aging life and is like the wind in its unpredictable presence and power.
The birth of a human being is a traumatic experience and serves Jesus’ teaching on seeing and entering the reign of God. Spiritual growth is traumatic, the eyes are opened, a challenge is set in place and the ‘nature’ of the reign of God is inviting and all the forces of nature are set on change.
According to Hosea, people that do not grow spiritually are like a child refusing to be born.
13 The pangs of childbirth come for him, but he is an unwise son; for at the proper time he does not present himself at the mouth of the womb. (Hosea 13:13 NRS)
Such a one would die in the womb, so those that refuse to see and enter die, they do not enter into life, they do not receive ‘eternal life’.
Birth is a traumatic event, an event that all of us have experienced. From the warmth of our mother’s womb we emerge into this world. We enter this life from a place of resting, a liquid world where all our needs are met by the one that carries us. Suddenly our liquid-filled chamber breaks and muscles contract, and we find ourselves being pushed out an opening that seems too small for our passing. Entering this life, we pass from comfort to discomfort, and complete trauma becomes the order of the day. When we make our appearance into this life, our eyes are exposed to light for the first time, our lungs demand that we breathe, and our food line is severed before we even finish crying.
The metaphor of birth is first presented by Jesus as ‘born from above’. Jesus himself relates the experience to the trauma of birth. When we are born from above, it is a traumatic experience because for the first time we see the world through the eyes of the Spirit. For the first time the vanity of the present world pales in contrast to the presence of God that fills our newfound lungs. This entrance into the kingdom of God, this reception of eternal life, has placed us into a new world of possibilities. For the first time we see, breathe, and must learn to eat; there is no desire to return to the womb.
The ‘new birth’ opens our eyes to a world of injustice, of vanity, a world where God’s will is not done, and God himself is replaced with idols of militarism, materialism, national security, personal security, and self-righteous religious belief. The ‘new birth’ also opens our eyes to see the kingdom and to demonstrate the presence of the kingdom in the now. The ‘new birth’ places us in a kingdom where humanity learns to live together without war and without greed.
We pray for the kingdom of God to come because daily we must choose to enter into a Spiritual reality that sits in contrast to the world. Spiritual growth is a constant birthing of the soul to conformity with the Lord Jesus. In my life I have found spiritual growth to be traumatic, it is challenging, it reshapes all my thoughts and opens my eyes to the evil that permeates all of our social and political structures. Spiritual growth makes me aware of my short comings, my failings, my sin, and calls me to change on a daily basis.

domain: literature


Every season, FPL managers are looking for budget midfielders to bring back great returns and this year they have blessed us. Last year we had Josh King who scored 16 goals from midfield and the most famous hidden gem, Riyad Mahrez, who bagged 17 goals and 11 assists in Leicester’s unprecedented title winning season. So, who are the budget midfielders this season? I have picked out three players who could be a key component to every FPL team.
Richarlison is the most expensive option out of the three due to a steep rise in his price because of his fantastic recent form. He’s valued at £6.5m and has 66 points so far this season in a Watford side who have impressed many. The Brazilian winger has five goals and four assists in total and has played the full 90 minutes in all of his last ten matches.
His fixtures are difficult after their match away at Newcastle. They play Man United and Tottenham in consecutive games but this may not be a problem for Richarlison as he has previously brought back returns from matches against the top six. From gameweek 17-21, their fixtures are all rated 2 on the fixture difficulty ranking which is very promising.
Gross is the highest scoring player out of these three budget midfielders. He has 68 points this season in a recently promoted Brighton side who are adapting well to Premier League football. His high points tally gives him a place in the overall dream team which is a fantastic achievement for a player who is playing his first season in the Premier League in a team who are too playing their first season in the Premier League.
His price of £5.9m is a bargain and was previously £5.4m before his huge 18 point haul in gameweek 3 which ultimately ignited the Gross bandwagon. The German playmaker has just over 1000 minutes of Premier League football under his belt and has scored three and set up a further five for his team mates. Fixtures are getting very tough for the Seagulls as they play 3 of the top 6 in their next half a dozen matches, 2 of which are away from the Amex.
Eric Maxim Choupo-Moting
Choupo-Moting is the cheapest option out of the three but does have the lowest overall score. He has 54 points so far this season which includes three goals and three assists. The Cameroon international plays up front for Stoke which makes him all the more intriguing as an FPL option. He scored his first goal since gameweek 4 during Monday night football which has led to the forward gaining interest from many managers. He could and maybe should have notched an assist on top of his goal but was harshly denied by the Opta panel as he seemingly headed it down for Zouma, (this opinion coming from a Choupo-Moting owner!).
He faces Liverpool and Spurs within his next four matches which may put off FPL managers, but his other two games are against the current bottom two (Swansea and Crystal Palace). After Spurs in gameweek 16, their next fixture against the top six comes in gameweek 21 at the reigning champions, Chelsea. Choupo-Moting’s biggest return thus far has come up against a top six side. He bagged a brace and the three bonus points in a 2-2 draw against Man United at the Bet365 Stadium.
This is a very tough decision for any FPL manager. I personally have Choupo-Moting who I incidentally brought in for Richarlison a few weeks ago. Richarlison looks to be the best option looking at form and fixtures but he could be liable to a two match ban for diving as he has previously gone down under little contact which could get him in trouble in the future.
Gross is higher scoring than Richarlison and constantly brings back returns but may go quiet in big games unlike the Brazilian who thrives in them. Choupo-Moting for me is the best option and that’s not just because I own him. What he and Gross have which Richarlison doesn’t is a magnet to bonus points, but due to the easier fixtures and the fact that he plays up top, I believe Choupo-Moting will return the more points in the upcoming weeks.
Written by Harry Clark (@HarryClark67)


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How a Screen Curfew Can Save Your Intimacy – Info Gadgets
As the sun goes down, our circadian rhythms slow, and our nervous systems prepare for rest. But only if the screen goes down as well.
The artificial glow from our laptops, phones, and pads barrage the eyes with photons, signaling to the brain that the light is still going and it’s time to keep active. Meanwhile, as we stare at the screen and work it this way and that way with our fingers, our breath enters into a state of screen apnea, in which our exhales quicken with anticipation, and our inhales become shallow. It’s a state of agitation induced by the frenetic energy of nanopulsing pixels and the tantalizing perpetual motion of swipes and hyperlinks.
This apneatic breathing readies us for stimulation and movement. Not only are we postponing our preparation for sleep, but we are injuring our presence to those around us. We require full, sustained inhales and exhales to ease the nervous system into a restful state and to subdue the fight or flight mechanism, allowing us to be responsive and present in the moment, rather than reactive and scattered.
The energetics of the screen enable us for few activities other than engaging solely with it. We may be able to connect to millions of people and navigate a field of information of unfeasible magnitude, but, as we do so, we can do little else besides.
Our extension into cyberspace creates an energetic feedback loop that confines us to a sphere not exceeding the length of our arms. It’s difficult to reach out to another beyond the boundaries of this energetic exchange with sincerity and presence or to open the space for someone else to enter into it.
This barrier became increasingly obvious between my partner and me. Both of us have work that requires the help of a screen and a Wi-Fi connection, and we both have that curiosity of mind happy to explore the ether of a Google search for hours. So, after an evening spent toggling back and forth between work and distraction, we would put down our respective screens and head to bed. But being present to each other once we got there was a whole other matter.
The hangover from our screens kept us surfing the corridors of our minds, still buzzing and energized, but now isolated and in the dark. We had spent the evening nurturing the inanimate companionship of our screens, and, now, opening ourselves to another person seemed a difficult distance to cross.
We would embrace, but our minds would be running their separate courses. Our hearts would still be closed, contracted from our apneatic breathing, still holding their brace against the electromagnetic field of our laptops.
This difficulty in our energetic exchange obviously led to a difficulty in our sexual exchange. With our minds shimmering in the afterglow of our screens, our touch seemed disembodied. We were two separate entities lying next to each other, barely even present to ourselves, let alone each other. And, by the time we would be able to recalibrate to each other’s presence, we would be too exhausted and sleepy to initiate real connection.
The problem was obvious. And the solution was just as obvious. We instated an 8:30 PM screen curfew. No screens past then. Laptops get closed; phones get ignored. It’s amazing how easy it is, and how relieving. In our culture of instant communication, the concerns of our extended relations, whether they be friends, families, or work-related, can seem ever-present and demanding. But, my partner and I have learned that, not only can all that business wait until 8:30 the next morning, but when you make communication impossible, the pressure and concerns surrounding that communication simply melt away. It’s like going on a camping trip every night.
At 8:30PM the rest of the world dissolves, and my partner and I are left just the two of us. This time before bed allows us to be in direct communication with our words, with our eyes, with our hands, with our hearts — so that when we get into the sheets, it isn’t the first time that evening we have truly gazed into each other’s eyes or have felt each other’s caress. The energy has already been flowing, and we’re ready to give ourselves to each other.
Which is not to say, we have incredible sex each night. Or, even that we go to bed absolutely delighted with each other every single night. We’re still a normal couple, and we still have our occasional trying evenings just like any other couple. But when we’re not feeling sexual, or not even feeling pleased with the other person, we at least have to be present to that feeling. We can’t psychically run away to a thousand other virtual distractions. We can’t avoid each other or the things coming up between us, allowing frustrations to mount and mount. We have to be present with how the two of us are feeling in the moment and make our bed in the container of those feelings.
It’s called intimacy. And, if we don’t make a conscious decision to cultivate it, we risk losing it somewhere behind the glow of our MacBooks.
Article Prepared by Ollala Corp

domain: psychology


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Pure Encapsulations Panax Ginseng helps the body adapt to mild physical and emotional stress. Panax Ginseng helps maintain healthy levels of adrenal hormones in order to encourage optimal adrenal gland health during occasional stress. Helps the body mediate stress response. Promotes adrenal gland health. Made with hypoallergenic, vegan ingredients.
Each vegetarian capsule contains:
Asian ginseng (Panax ginseng) extract (root)………………….250 mg
(standardized to contain 12% total ginsenosides)
1 capsule, 2-3 times daily, between meals

domain: medical


This High Neck Backless Tassels Bandage Dress is designed for all occasions. It features a high neck and backless design, with an intricate tasseled pattern ensuring a secure fit. Crafted from stretchable, breathable fabric, it's ideal for day-long comfort and confidence.
Note: Colour may vary due to lighting on images. The product images (without model) are closest to the true colour of the product.


|Publication number||US4999311 A|
|Application number||US 07/395,237|
|Publication date||12 Mar 1991|
|Filing date||16 Aug 1989|
|Priority date||16 Aug 1989|
|Publication number||07395237, 395237, US 4999311 A, US 4999311A, US-A-4999311, US4999311 A, US4999311A|
|Inventors||John E. Dzarnoski, Jr., James W. Babcock|
|Original Assignee||Unisys Corporation|
|Export Citation||BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan|
|Patent Citations (8), Referenced by (20), Classifications (10), Legal Events (6)|
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet|
This invention relates to the structural details of, and processes for forming, high density layered electronic assemblies of the type which contain a stack of integrated circuit chips with conductors on one face of the stack that electrically interconnect the chips.
In the prior art, layered electronic assemblies of the above type are described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,704,319 to Ballinger et al, and 4,706,166 to Go. According to the teachings of Ballinger et al, such layered electronic assemblies are formed by "a rather elaborate method" which "uses three separate fixtures",--column 4, lines 5-8. The first fixture is used to "dry stack" the chips which involves selecting and stacking the chips, without any epoxy between them, based on the chip thicknesses and microscopic inspection of their circuitry; the second fixture is used to "wet stack" the chips which involves spreading uncured epoxy over the chips that are selected for the dry stack; and the third fixture is used to align the chips and hold them in alignment while the epoxy is cured. See column 6, lines 14-32; column 6, line 54-column 7 line 5; column 7, lines 65-67 and column 9, lines 7-31.
A major drawback, however, with the Ballinger et al process is that the percentage of chips which are suitable for use in the stack is very low. Column 6, lines 14-21 states that the percentage of chips which are suitable for stacking "may run as low as 5% of the chips originally cut from the wafers". This means that up to 95% of the chips in the wafer, which are electrically functional, are unsuitable for use in the stack.
Such a poor yield is due to the fact that in the Ballinger et al process, the chips which are used must be handpicked based on their thickness and the distance which their input/output leads (I/O leads) are located from the edge of the chip. If the thickness of the chips is ignored, then the distance of the I/O leads between chips in the stack will randomly vary; and if the distance of the I/O leads from the chip's edge of the chips is ignored, then the alignment of the I/O leads in the stack will randomly vary. In turn, these variations in the location of the I/O leads in the stack will make it difficult, if not impossible, to interconnect them with conductors on the stack's face.
How such interconnections have been made on the stack's face and how the conductors on that face have been connected to a substrate is described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,706,166 to Go. Column 4 lines 5-33 of the Go patent describes a method by which the I/O leads of the layered electronic assemblies are interconnected with patterned metal lines by processing each assembly separately. However, such processing of each stack separately presents additional serious drawbacks.
In particular, when a layer of photoresist is disposed on a single cube by spinning the cube with liquid resist on its face, the resulting layer will not be flat. Instead, the liquid resist will bead up and be thicker around the perimeter of the cube due to surface tension. Such non-uniformity in thickness limits the precision with which the resist can be patterned. This beading effect also occurs when a liquid insulating layer, such a polyimide layer, is spun on the cube's face. Further, the beading effect is cumulative and becomes larger for each spun-on layer; and that in turn, aggravates the task of interconnecting the cube's I/O leads with multiple layers of conductors.
Also, as a liquid resist or insulator is disposed on a cube's face by spin coating, the cube's face will actually spin faster than the liquid. This is because the liquid slips on the spinning face. Such slippage presents another uniformity problem since the liquid will slip off of the cube's face near its corners. Also, the liquid which slips off one corner of the cube will splatter into the next corner of the cube.
Processing each cube separately also subjects the cube to physical damage. When a cube is processed, it must somehow be handled, or moved, into and out of various processing equipment such as a sputtering machine or a photoresist spinning machine. During this handling, an I/O lead can become open-circuited by being scratched; or an insulating layer can become cracked by exerting too much pressure on it.
Go's processing of each cube separately also is very time-consuming and expensive. This becomes apparent when his method is compared to a method that is disclosed herein which reduces Go's processing time and cost by several hundred percent. Further, the method disclosed herein avoids the above beading problem and the above physical damage problem.
Accordingly, a primary object of the present invention is to address the above-described problems and overcome them.
The present invention as claimed relates to methods of fabricating circuitry, on a face of separate layered electronic assemblies, which interconnects their I/O leads. This interconnect circuitry is formed by the steps of: (a) placing a plurality of the assemblies in a fixture with spacers between each assembly; (b) aligning to a single plane, one face of each assembly in the fixture on which the circuitry is to be formed; (c) mechanically squeezing the assemblies and spacers together with the fixture such that the aligned faces are held in the single plane and are exposed; (d) depositing and patterning layers of insulative and conductive materials on all of the exposed faces in the fixture; and (e) severing the layers between the faces in the space provided by the spacers. With this process, beading effects in materials that are spun onto the assemblies are eliminated; handling damage to the assemblies is eliminated; and the time and expense of processing each assembly separately is cut by several hundred percent.
Various features and advantages of the invention are described herein in conjunction with the accompanying drawings wherein:
FIG. 1 illustrates a layered electronic assembly which is being fabricated in accordance with the invention;
FIG. 2 is a detailed view of the FIG. 1 assembly taken in the Y direction which illustrates some of its novel structural features;
FIG. 3 is a detailed view of the FIG. 1 assembly taken in the X direction which shows additional novel structural features;
FIGS. 4 and 5 respectively are top and sectional views of a fixture which enables the I/O leads of the FIG. 1 assembly to be interconnected with patterned metal lines that are fabricated on several assemblies simultaneously; and
FIGS. 6 and 7 respectively are top and sectional views of another fixture which is an alternative to the fixture of FIGS. 4 and 5.
Referring now to FIG. 1, it shows a novel layered electronic assembly 10, as well as a novel process for fabricating the assembly. This process uses an apparatus 20 which includes a base 21 on which three linear-positioning stages 22, 23, and 24 are mounted in series. Stage 22 has a micrometer 22a which moves all of the stages 22-24 in the X direction; stage 23 has a micrometer 23a which moves the stages 23 and 24 in the Y direction; and stage 24 has a micrometer 24a which moves that stage in the Z direction. An arm 25 is rigidly connected to stage 24; and that arm is moved in the X-Y-Z directions respectively by the micrometers 22a, 23a, and 24a. Arm 25 carries a vacuum chuck 26, an electric heater 27, and a switch 28 which turns the heater on and off. Also in the apparatus 20 is a transparent reticle 29 which is attached to the base 21 near the vacuum chuck 26.
Included in the layered electronic assembly 10 are a plurality of integrated circuit chips 11a, 11b, . . . etc. These chips are arranged in a stack, and they are held together by respective adhesive layers 12a, 12b, . . . which interleave the chips. Using the above described apparatus 20, the layered electronic assembly 10 is fabricated one chip at a time. FIG. 1 shows the layered electronic assembly 10 at an intermediate stage of manufacturing in which two of the chips 11a and 11b have previously been attached to each other, and another chip 11c is in the process of being attached to chip 11b.
In the attachment process, chip 11c is placed in the vacuum chuck 26, and an uncured adhesive material 12b is dispensed between the chips 11b and 11c. Thereafter, chip 11c is moved into alignment with the previously attached chips 11a- 11b. This alignment is achieved by moving chip 11c via the micrometers 22a-24a and viewing its position through the reticle 29 under a microscope (not shown). During this alignment, chip 11c squeezes the adhesive 12b between itself and the underlying chip 11b such that the adhesive completely covers their facing surfaces and forms a continuous electrically insulative layer between the chips. Any excess adhesive is simply squeezed out from between the two chips 11b and 11c. After the alignment is complete, switch 28 is thrown to turn on heater 27. This heats the adhesive 12b and causes it to cure. Thereafter, the above steps are repeated once for each additional chip that remains to be attached in the layered electronic assembly 10. To insure that the adhesive does not stick to the reticle 29, the reticle's surface 29a preferably is coated with a release material, such as Frekote #44 or #700 which is manufactured by Frekote, Inc. of Fla.
Considering next FIGS. 2 and 3, certain key additional details of the layered electronic assembly 10 and the process by which it is formed, will be described. FIG. 2 is an enlarged view taken along line 2 in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is an enlarged view taken along line 3 in FIG. 1. In these figures, chip 11c has been moved from its FIG. 1 position to a new position where it is in proper alignment with the previously assembled chips 11a and 11b. To accomplish this alignment, the reticle's flat surface 29a includes a plurality of accurately located horizontal lines 29b and cross hairs 29c. These lines 29b are spaced apart by a predetermined distance, and the chips 11a-11c are positioned by the micrometers 22a-24a such that their active surface 13 and the lines 29b are in alignment. By active surface of the chips is meant the surface on which transistors and their interconnections are integrated into the chip.
Each chip's active surface interconnections include a number of input/output leads (I/O leads) 14 which run to and end at the edge of the chip that is abutted against the reticle surface 29a. The ends of these I/O leads 14 are illustrated as dots in FIG. 3 since on the scale of the drawings the I/O leads are microscopic. Typically, the I/O leads 14 are about one-half to one mil wide, and one to two microns thick. In the alignment process, these I/O leads 14 are selectively aligned with the reticle cross hairs 29c. As an example, FIG. 3 shows the leftmost I/O lead 14a on each chip being in alignment with the leftmost column of cross hairs in the reticle 29.
A primary feature of the above-described layered electronic assembly 10 is that the chips 11a-11c have randomly different thicknesses; while at the same time, the spacing of the I/O leads 14 from one chip to the next chip is set at a predetermined distance. This is illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3 wherein the chips 11a-11c have three different thicknesses T1, T2, and T3; but the Z axis spacing of the I/O leads 14 is a single distance D. Using the apparatus 20, the above feature is achieved by aligning the I/O leads 14 of each chip with the reticle lines 29b independent of chip thickness. During the alignment step, excess uncured adhesive is squeezed out from beneath the chip that is being attached; and thus the final adhesive layers vary in thickness such that they compensate for thickness variations in the chips.
Another feature of the layered electronic assembly 10 is that the I/O leads 14 are spaced from the edge of the chip on which they lie by distances which vary from chip to chip; while at the same time those I/O leads 14 are in alignment from chip to chip. This can be seen in FIG. 3. There the conductors 14a are offset from the edge of the chip 11a, 11b, and 11c by distances Y1, Y2, and Y3 respectively. With the apparatus 20, the conductors 14a are brought into alignment with each other by aligning them to the reticle cross hairs 29c.
Due to the above two features, all chips which electrically function after they have been cut from a wafer can be used in the assembly 10 That is, the chips in the assembly 10 do not have to be measured in thickness and hand picked based on their thickness; nor do they have to be carefully lapped to the same thickness; nor do they have to be carefully cut from the wafer such that the I/O leads are all equally spaced from their side. Typically, integrated circuit chips vary in thickness by about ±1 mil across a wafer, and by about ±2 mil from wafer to wafer; and the accuracy with which chips are cut from a wafer is about ±1 mil. With the present invention, 100% of these chips can be assembled together.
Another feature of the assembly 10 is that the location of the I/O leads 14 against the reticle surface 29a is very accurate. That is important because it enables the I/O leads 14 to be selectively interconnected, after all of the layers of the assembly are put together, by finely patterned thin film conductors on the face 10a of the assembly 10 which lies against the reticle. Such conductors can be made reduced in width, and still contact the I/O leads 14, as the location of the I/O leads is made more accurate. Also, as the accuracy of the I/O leads 14 increases, more conductors can be routed on the assembly's face 10a between the I/O leads 14 without touching them.
In order to achieve all of the above features, the positioning stages 22, 23, 24 can be implemented in several different ways. One way is to use the series 4400 side-mounted drive models which are sold by DAEDAL, Inc. of Harrison City, Pa. Those stages have a positioning accuracy of ±0.05 mils per inch of travel; and thus, they can stack the chips 11a, 11b, . . . in the layered electronic assembly to a height of two inches With an overall accuracy of ±0.1 mil. Given a chip to chip pitch of twenty-five mils as an example, such a two-inch high assembly would contain up to eighty chips. Similar positioning accuracies can also be achieved with DAEDAL positioning stages that are motor driven; and that enables the assembly process to be automated. Additional positioning stages, such as one which rotates in the X-Y plane, can be mounted between the base 21 and stage 22 if added movement of the arm 25 is desired.
Also, various thermosetting epoxies 12 can be used to hold the chips together. One suitable epoxy is called H70E, and it is sold by EPOTEK Corp. A preferred characteristic of the epoxy 12 is that a layer of up to 10 mils thick will cure at a temperature of about 200° C. in less than five minutes. Such a short curing time enables the layered electronic assembly to be fabricated relatively quickly; and the H70E epoxy contains a catalyst which promotes rapid curing.
Further, several types of heaters 27 can be used to heat and cure the individual epoxy layers. In FIGS. 2 and 3, the electric heater 27 includes heating coils that are located in the tip of the vacuum chuck 26 which holds the integrated circuit chip. With that heater structure, heat is transferred from the coils through the chip via conduction to the underlying epoxy.
In addition, various holding mechanisms can be included in the apparatus 20 to prevent the layered assembly 10 from moving in the X and Y directions. One suitable holding mechanism, which is shown in FIG. 2, includes a channel 21a in the base 21. This channel 21 has an opening beneath the bottom chip 11a of the layered assembly, and the assembly is held in place by applying a vacuum to the channel.
Turning next to FIGS. 4 and 5, they show a novel fixture 40 which is used in fabricating microscopic patterned conductors on the face 10a of several layered electronic assemblies simultaneously. This fixture 40 includes a body 41 with a flat surface 41a which has a rectangular-shaped aperture 42. A plurality of the layered electronic assemblies 10 are placed as a rectangular array in the aperture 42, and thin flat compressible spacers 43 are placed between the assemblies. To align the surface 10a of all of the assemblies with surface 41a of the fixture, an optical flat (not shown) is placed on the surface 41a such that it covers all of the assemblies 10, and then fixture 40 together with the optical flat are turned upside down.
While all of the layered electronic assemblies 10 are aligned as described above, they and the spacers 43 are mechanically squeezed together by means of components 44, 45, and 46. Each component 44 is a rigid moveable member which slides back and forth like a piston in cavity 42 parallel to the fixture surface 41a; each component 45 is a spring which pushes against a moveable member 44; and each component 46 is a screw which turns in the fixture body 41 and pushes against a spring. By tightening the screws 46 against the spring, the layered electronic assemblies 10 and spacers 43 are squeezed together with a force which keeps the assembly faces 10a in the plane of surface 41a after the fixture 40 is turned right side up.
Thereafter, microscopic patterned conductors which selectively interconnect the I/O leads 14 are fabricated on all of the exposed and aligned faces 10a in the fixture 40 simultaneously. To enable that to be accomplished, the fixture 40 has a perimeter which is shaped like a semiconductor wafer (i.e., round except for one or two small straight edges which serve as a reference in the fixture), and the assembly surfaces 10a in the fixture are arranged like integrated circuit chips in the wafer. Thus, the fixture 40 fits into standard equipment for fabricating integrated circuits on semiconductor wafers, such as step and repeat mask aligners and automated wafer tracks. Slight modifications may be made to such equipment in order to accommodate the fixture's added thickness and weight in comparison to a single semiconductor wafer.
An insulating layer is formed on surface 10a of all of the assemblies 10 by dispensing several drops of Benzocyclobutene (BCB) on the surfaces 10a, spinning the fixture 40 to produce a film of uniform thickness across the surfaces 10a, and baking the film. BCB is available from Dow Chemical Corp., and it is preferred over polyimide because it cures at a lower temperature. Thereafter, the BCB film is patterned with via holes which expose the ends of any I/O leads 14a which terminate on the assembly surface 10a. This is achieved by covering the BB with a thin film of photoresist and selectively exposing the resist with a step and repeat mask aligner which exposes the resist over each assembly, one at a time. Exposed portions of the BCB film are then removed by an etchant. Subsequently, patterned metal lines which selectively contact and interconnect the exposed I/O leads 14a are formed on the BCB film. This is achieved by sputtering an unpatterned layer of metal on the polyimide, covering the metal with patterned photoresist as described above, and etching the exposed portions of the metal.
Preferably, each of the assemblies 10 includes an extra chip on the top of the stack. This extra chip serves no electrical function; instead it extends surface 10a of the assembly past the I/O leads 14 of the chip to which it is attached. Thus, the conductors that are formed by the above steps to interconnect the I/O leads 14 do not have to run right to the edge of surface 10a.
A major feature of the above described fixture 40 is that it enables the interconnections to the I/O leads 14 to be fabricated on several assemblies simultaneously. FIG. 4 shows the fixture 40 holding an array of twenty-five assemblies. Thus, by using the fixture 40, the processing time and cost to form conductors on surface 10a is reduced by a factor of 2500% in comparison to any process which forms those same conductors on one assembly at a time. This savings is so large that it renders single assembly processing obsolete.
Also, by using the fixture 40, bead effects around the perimeter of the assembly surfaces 10a are eliminated. This occurs because the assembly surfaces 10a and the fixture surface 41a lie in the same plane. Thus liquid photoresist and/or liquid BCB which is spun onto the surfaces 10a and 41a beads up only on the perimeter of the fixture surface 41a--where it has no ill effects.
In addition, the uniformity of the liquid resist layers and insulating layers which are spun onto the assembly faces 10a is not degraded due to slippage of that liquid on the assembly faces. This is because the assembly faces lie away from the fixture's perimeter, and because the fixture's perimeter is essentially circular so there are no corners from which the liquid can slip off.
Further the fixture 40 provides a vehicle for moving the assemblies 10 from one processing machine to another (i.e., into and out of the photoresist spinning machine) without physically handling the assemblies themselves. Instead just the fixture is handled, and that eliminates damage to the conductors and insulating layers in the assemblies.
After the above circuit-forming steps are complete, the layered circuit assemblies 10 in the fixture 40 are redivided into separate modules. To accomplish that, the patterned layers which were deposited are severed between the assembly faces 10a in the space that is provided by the spacers 43. This severing step is performed by cutting through the layers with a saw which is thinner than the width of the spacers so that the assembly faces 10a are not damaged.
Another function which the spacers perform relative to the above severing step is that they form a seal which prevents liquids from flowing between the assemblies into the aperture 42. If certain liquids which are used to fabricate the layers on surface 10a (such as BB) were to seep into the cavity 42, those liquids would there cure and become solid, and that would make the severing of the assemblies difficult if not impossible. Suitably, the spacers 43 are made of strips of a synthetic resin polymer, such as ten to thirty mils thick strips of Teflon™.
Turning next to FIGS. 6 and 7, they show an alternative embodiment 50 of the above described fixture. This embodiment 50 is comprised of a base member 51 and three other members 52, 53, and 54 which slide on a flat surface 51a of the base member. Passing through the base member 51 is a round hole 51b and two oblong holes 51c and 51d. Member 53 has a threaded stem 53a which extends through and loosely fits in hole 51b, and a washer 54 and a nut 55 are provided on the stem. Thus, member 53 can slide on surface 51a in both the X and Y direction and be tightened in position by the nut 55.
Similarly, members 52 and 54 have threaded stems which respectively fit into the holes 51c and 51d. Thus, member 54 can slide on surface 51a in the X direction, and member 52 can slide on surface 51a in the Y direction. Members 52 and 54 also have a washer and a nut (not shown) similar to items 54 and 55 on their threaded stem which secures them in position.
By moving the members 52, 53, and 54 as described above, a rectangular-shaped opening 56 is varied in size. This opening 56 is provided for holding an array of layered electronic assemblies 10 having spacers 43 between similar to the FIG. 4 array. While the assemblies 10 are so held, their exposed surfaces 10a will all lie in a single plane 57.
Various preferred embodiments of several novel structures, as well as novel methods for fabricating those structures, have now been described in detail. In addition, however, many changes and modifications can be made to those details without departing from the nature and spirit of the inventions. Accordingly, it is to be understood that the inventions are not limited to the above details but are defined by the appended claims.
|Cited Patent||Filing date||Publication date||Applicant||Title|
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|US4313128 *||8 May 1979||26 Jan 1982||Westinghouse Electric Corp.||Compression bonded electronic device comprising a plurality of discrete semiconductor devices|
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|US4706166 *||25 Apr 1986||10 Nov 1987||Irvine Sensors Corporation||High-density electronic modules--process and product|
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|US4862249 *||17 Apr 1987||29 Aug 1989||Xoc Devices, Inc.||Packaging system for stacking integrated circuits|
|JPS5688324A *||Title not available|
|Citing Patent||Filing date||Publication date||Applicant||Title|
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|US5374196 *||2 May 1994||20 Dec 1994||Fujitsu Limited||High-density/long-via laminated connector|
|US5466634 *||20 Dec 1994||14 Nov 1995||International Business Machines Corporation||Electronic modules with interconnected surface metallization layers and fabrication methods therefore|
|US5532519 *||20 Jan 1995||2 Jul 1996||International Business Machines Corporation||Cube wireability enhancement with chip-to-chip alignment and thickness control|
|US5567653 *||14 Sep 1994||22 Oct 1996||International Business Machines Corporation||Process for aligning etch masks on an integrated circuit surface using electromagnetic energy|
|US5567654 *||28 Sep 1994||22 Oct 1996||International Business Machines Corporation||Method and workpiece for connecting a thin layer to a monolithic electronic module's surface and associated module packaging|
|US5712190 *||16 Jan 1996||27 Jan 1998||International Business Machines Corporation||Process for controlling distance between integrated circuit chips in an electronic module|
|US5781031 *||21 Nov 1995||14 Jul 1998||International Business Machines Corporation||Programmable logic array|
|US5818107 *||17 Jan 1997||6 Oct 1998||International Business Machines Corporation||Chip stacking by edge metallization|
|US5903059 *||21 Nov 1995||11 May 1999||International Business Machines Corporation||Microconnectors|
|US5903437 *||17 Jan 1997||11 May 1999||International Business Machines Corporation||High density edge mounting of chips|
|US5904502 *||4 Sep 1997||18 May 1999||International Business Machines Corporation||Multiple 3-dimensional semiconductor device processing method and apparatus|
|US6059939 *||5 Jan 1999||9 May 2000||International Business Machines Corporation||Method for high density edge mounting of chips|
|US6156165 *||20 Oct 1999||5 Dec 2000||International Business Machines Corporation||Method of forming a metallization feature on an edge of an IC chip|
|US6251219||17 Sep 1998||26 Jun 2001||Intermedics Inc.||Method and apparatus for use in assembling electronic devices|
|US6505665||17 Sep 1998||14 Jan 2003||Intermedics, Inc.||Method and apparatus for use in assembling electronic devices|
|US7015066 *||5 Sep 2001||21 Mar 2006||Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Co., Ltd.||Method for stress reduction in flip chip bump during flip chip mounting and underfill process steps of making a microelectronic assembly|
|US8492175 *||28 Nov 2011||23 Jul 2013||Applied Micro Circuits Corporation||System and method for aligning surface mount devices on a substrate|
|US20030045028 *||5 Sep 2001||6 Mar 2003||Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Co., Ltd.||Method for stress reduction in flip chip bump during flip chip mounting and underfill process steps of making a microelectronic assembly|
|EP0706220A1||22 Sep 1995||10 Apr 1996||International Business Machines Corporation||Method and workpiece for connecting a thin layer to a monolithic electronic module's surface and associated module packaging|
|U.S. Classification||438/109, 438/458, 257/777, 361/679.53, 361/679.4, 438/118, 438/113|
|16 Aug 1989||AS||Assignment|
Owner name: UNISYS CORPORATION, BLUE BELL, PA A CORP. OF DE
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNORS:DZARNOSKI, JOHN E. JR.;BABCOCK, JAMES W.;REEL/FRAME:005111/0813
Effective date: 19890815
|26 Aug 1994||FPAY||Fee payment|
Year of fee payment: 4
|28 Aug 1998||FPAY||Fee payment|
Year of fee payment: 8
|25 Sep 2002||REMI||Maintenance fee reminder mailed|
|12 Mar 2003||LAPS||Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees|
|6 May 2003||FP||Expired due to failure to pay maintenance fee|
Effective date: 20030312


text:
Pacific – All Natural Unsweetened Hemp Vanilla 32 fl oz
Pacific foods hemp beverage is a nutrition dynamo. This unsweetened hemp milk is smooth and creamy with a nutty flavor. Made from the hemp seed, it’s a great source of plant-based nutrition including omega 3 and 6 and essential amino acids.
Total Fat5 g
Total Carbohydrate1 g
Smooth and creamy texture with a nutty flavor. Made from the hemp seed, it’s a great source for plant-based nutrition including Omega 3 ALA Good source of calcium, magnesium, and vitamin D. Lactose and cholesterol free, soy-free, carrageenan free, and vegan. Convenient shelf-stable BPA-free cartons preserve the flavor and freshness of our simple recipes. Refrigerate after opening
|Produce sold as||
GMO Free, Organic
32 fl oz

domain: food


text:
One of the most appreciated racing games for ps2 is the NASCAR 2005, also known as the Chase for the Cup. Nevertheless it has since, like so many games of this kind, adopted the free-to-play mannequin. GameTop means that you can simply download full model PC games, as well as play games for Android, iOS, and Mac. The older games have been really performed at a time wherein the videogame technology was very new.
Players can dash, triple soar, and ground pound their way to reclaim the fabled Shine Sprites and rescue the iconic Princess Peach. Flash games will be the epitome of wasting time, but there isn’t any denying their appeal when you have got five minutes to spare and a thirst for something greater than a cursory glance at Twitter or Fb.
On this case the sport is Fortnite: Battle Royale , a shiny, brash multiplayer shooter. It’s a simple technique recreation, boasting nearly 30,000 votes on It requires players to make use of infantry, armor, and hearth help to realize a strategic foothold from which to overthrow the enemy.
They will also choose from one in all 14 obtainable courses (wizard, huntress, mystic, assassin, and so forth.). It is arcade-model controls and pure bullet hell can make the title chaotic at times, as does every server’s 85-participant capacity.
You understand a video game has made it when ITV daytime programme This Morning posts on its Facebook page asking mother and father if their kids are addicted. Select whether or not you need to be a member of the Hero or Villain faction then customize your character and you’ll be sent out into the world of DC Universe On-line by the hands of Daybreak Game Firm.
With Tremendous Mario sixty three , a fan-made platformer within the Super Mario vein, players pummel their approach by the reimagined, 2ND world ofÂ Super Mario 64. The level variation is outstanding, encapsulating every thing from high peaks to arid deserts.


text:
This season the Golden State Warriors became the first team to test an adidas initiative that calls for light, tight-fitting uniforms with sleeves.
Come next season they will not be the only one, with at least five more teams slated to wear the short-sleeve jerseys as alternatives in as many as 12 games, according to an ESPN.com report.
"We are interested in doing more short-sleeve jerseys when it makes sense," Patrik Nilsson, president of adidas North America, told ESPN.com.
PHOTO GALLERY: Warriors debut short-sleeve jerseys
Nilsson told ESPN.com that adidas’ push to get more teams in short-sleeved jerseys is fueled by their desire to see more fans in NBA jerseys. The company pays about $35 million per year to be the NBA’s apparel provider and would like to see some return, according to ESPN.com.
They have time to increase fan interest, as their contract with the NBA runs through the 2016-2017 season.
All 30 NBA teams were offered the option of adding short-sleeve jerseys as an alternate, said Sal LaRocca, the NBA’s executive vice president of global merchandising.
LaRocca believes the addition of short-sleeve jerseys will provide a good alternative in retail, but does not expect sales to eclipse those of original jerseys.
"The life cycle of our jersey continues to be really strong," LaRocca told ESPN.com. "Over the last few years, sales of our traditional tank-top basketball jersey has been growing worldwide. But we know that more men are comfortable wearing T-shirts than tank tops, so the idea that part of our consumer base would be interested in wearing a jersey with sleeves makes sense."
Golden State was the first team to wear the jerseys last season, an elite shooting team that served as a good test of perceived notions that sleeves could hinder full range of motion of hurt shooting.


UN Secretary General Kofi Annan left New York on Friday to begin a weeklong visit to Middle Eastern countries closely involved with the role of the United Nations in southern Lebanon.
Annan's spokesman's office said he would spend Friday night on a private visit to London and start his official tour on Saturday in Morocco.
He is due to meet the new king, Mohammed VI, and Foreign Minister Mohammed Benaissa in the capital, Rabat, before traveling south to Casablanca to meet Crown Prince Abdullah of Saudi Arabia.
Annan will travel on Saturday night to Tehran, where he has scheduled meetings on Sunday with President Mohammad Khatami and Iran's supreme leader, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei.
It will be Annan's second visit to Iran as secretary general of the United Nations.
He attended the eighth summit of the Organization of the Islamic Conference there in December 1997.
Annan is due to fly to Cairo on Sunday for talks with Egyptian Foreign Minister Amre Moussa. He has a meeting scheduled with President Hosni Mubarak on Monday before he continues to Beirut to meet Lebanese officials.
In Beirut he is due to meet President Emile Lahoud, Prime Minister Salim Hoss and the speaker of parliament, Nabih Berri.
Annan is also due to visit the UN Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL), which has its headquarters in the southern coastal town of Naqoura.
On Tuesday, he will go to Amman to meet King Abdullah and prime minister Abdul Rau'f Rawabdeh and foreign minister Abdul-Ilah Khatib.
Annan was last in the Middle East on February 8 last year, when he attended the funeral of Abdallah's father, King Hussein.
Annan will go to Jerusalem on Wednesday, to Ramallah in the West Bank on Thursday, and to Damascus on Friday.
His spokesman's office said his appointments there had yet to be scheduled - UNITED NATIONS (AFP)
© 2000 Al Bawaba (www.albawaba.com)


text: Estimate Your RMD Help determine the required minimum distribution from an IRA or other qualified retirement plan. You are viewing this website at a small screen resolution which doesn't support calculators. Click here to view this calculator. Have A Question About This Topic? Name Email Address Question Thank you! Oops! Related Content How to Effectively Budget as a Couple Be sure that you agree on how to go about combining your finances as a couple before discussing how you'll handle expenses. It May Be Time for a Financial Checkup It’s never a bad time to speak with your financial professional about changes in your situation. Building Your Legacy A four-step framework for building a personal legacy.

domain: economics


text:
Counterfeit bills are being passed in Northwest Florida and investigators want to know who's responsible.
At first glance the $10, $20 and $50 bills appear to be legal, but the money is far from the real thing.
Someone has been passing the fake bills in Chipley stores and even banks.
Chipley Police investigators say the money looks authentic even fooling store clerks using the counterfeit pen test.
Police say they have discovered more than $3,000 worth of counterfeit bills in the past month and a half.
Viewers with disabilities can get assistance accessing this station's FCC Public Inspection File by contacting the station with the information listed below. Questions or concerns relating to the accessibility of the FCC's online public file system should be directed to the FCC at 888-225-5322, 888-835-5322 (TTY), or firstname.lastname@example.org.

domain: finance


ORLANDO, Fla. – The dog mascot at Ski World Orlando has been deemed a dangerous animal after biting a woman's face, according to Orange County Animal Services.
Marley, a 9-year-old Australian shepherd, was a canine greeter at the Central Florida up until the bite occurred in August.
"While our back was turned the accuser entered the store and started aggressively grabbing the dogs. The dogs started growling when this person bear-hugged one of them - the dog kept trying to get away but was not released by the accuser. A witness has told us that the accuser was blowing on and trying to kiss the dogs on the nose while gripping their faces, even after they started squirming and growling. Because the accuser kept provoking the dogs, even after they clearly wanted to be released, the person was bitten, leaving them in need of stitches," Ski World Orlando officials posted on the company's Facebook page.
Marley's owner was fined $265 and the dog was ordered to attend pet classes.
On Tuesday, Orange County Animal Services officials said Marley was declared a dangerous dog, although the case is now in the appeals process.
Dogs that are deemed dangerous must be registered with the county and wear a dangerous dog identification tag that must be renewed annually. Marley has not been surrendered.


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A sun tunnel is a tubular skylight that extends from the roof to the ceiling. Sun tunnels are a perfect way to brighten up a gloomy room with natural daylight.
Gables Roofing recommends using Velux skylights, as they are one of the best and the most energy-efficient skylights you can find. Click here to learn more about Velux skylights and sun tunnels. Call us today for your free estimate!

domain: design


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Technoculture is a neologism that is not in standard dictionaries but that has some popularity in academia, popularized by editors Constance Penley and Andrew Ross in a book of essays bearing that title. It refers to the interactions between, and politics of, technology and culture.
"Technoculture" is used by a number of universities to describe subject areas or courses of study. UC Davis, for instance, has a program of technocultural studies. In 2012, the major merged with Film Studies to form Cinema and Techno-Cultural Studies (CaTS), but in 2013 is being reviewed to become Cinema and Technoculture (see below); the University of Western Ontario offers a degree in Media, Information and Technoculture (which they refer to as MIT, offering an "MIT BA"). UC Riverside is in the process of creating a program in technocultural studies beginning with the creation of a graduate certificate program in "Science Fiction and Technoculture Studies."
According to its description, the Georgetown University course English/CCT 691 titled Technoculture from Frankenstein to Cyberpunk, covers the "social reception and representation of technology in literature and popular culture from the Romantic era to the present" and includes "all media, including film, TV, and recent video animation and Web 'zines." The course focuses "mainly on American culture and the way in which machines, computers, and the body have been imagined."
The UC Davis Technocultural Studies department focuses on "transdisciplinary approaches to artistic, cultural and scholarly production in contemporary media and digital arts, community media, and mutual concerns of the arts with the scientific and technological disciplines. In contrast to programs which see technology as the primary driving force, we place questions of poetics, aesthetics, history, politics and the environment at the core of our mission. In other words, we emphasize the 'culture' in Technoculture."
The Technocultural Studies major program is an interdisciplinary integration of current research in cultural history and theory with innovative hands-on production in digital media and "low-tech". It focuses on the fine and performing arts, media arts, community media, literature and cultural studies as they relate to technology and science. Backed by critical perspectives and the latest forms of research and production skills, students enjoy the mobility to explore individual research and expression, project-based collaboration and community engagement.
Technocultural Studies is a fairly new major at UC Davis and is considered a division of Humanities, Arts and Cultural Studies.
'Technoculture: An Online Journal of Technology in Society (ISSN 1938-0526) is an independent, interdisciplinary, annual peer-reviewed journal that publishes critical and creative works that explore the ways in which technology impacts society. It uses a broad definition of technology. Founded by Keith Dorwick and Kevin Moberly, it is now edited by Keith Dorwick. Technoculture is a member of the Council of Editors of Learned Journals and is indexed by EBSCOhost and the Modern Language Association.
Marshall McLuhan is most known for his concepts of a "global village". In his book Understanding Media he talks about how media affects society and culture. He also develops a theory about technology being an extension of the body. According to McLuhan, the alphabet is what gave rise to the idea that sight is more important than hearing because in order to communicate one had to be able to see and understand the alphabet.
In her book Technoculture: The Key Concepts, Debra Benita Shaw "outlines the place of science and technology in today's culture" and "explores the power of scientific ideas, their impact on how we understand the natural world and how successive technological developments have influenced our attitudes to work, art, space, language and the human body."
Clay Shirky writes, teaches, and consults on the social and economic effects of the internet, and especially on places where our social and technological networks overlap. He is on the faculty of NYU's Interactive Telecommunications Program, and has consulted for Nokia, Procter and Gamble, News Corp., the BBC, the United States Navy and Lego. He is also a regular speaker at technology conferences.
In his book "The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction" Walter Benjamin attempts to analyze the changed experience of art in modern society. He believes that a reproduction of art lacks presence in time and space and therefore has no aura. Original works of art do have an aura. An aura includes authority, its place in space and time (when it was made), how the piece's physical condition suffered and how it's changed owners over time. An original work of art derives its authenticity from history and what has happened to it over time.

domain: artistic


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Hey guys! I don’t have anything to do at the moment and not too long ago, a friend suggested to post a game about Left 4 Dead 2. So I’ve logged in to my Steam account and launched the game to play. I’m happy that there are people who are interested in reading my blog, it just makes me want to write more!
I could recall how I enjoyed playing this game in my college days, me and my friends played the co-op game mode in a computer shop because it was better to play with real people than AIs. Aside from playing DOTA (which was trending), we were happy with Left 4 Dead 2. We got so inclined with this game that the shop established another “group” and started playing too… it’s good! because we can play 4 vs 4 (survivors vs infected)!
Like the predecessor, the story starts with 4 survivors on a hotel roof and did not have the chance to take get on the helicopter. They introduced themselves as Ellis, Coach, Rochelle and Nick. They are infected with the disease but are immune to becoming zombies. Even they are immune, they need to make sure that they can go to an evacuation area where they can be saved by the military.
Left 4 Dead is the predecessor of Left 4 Dead, it’s an action-adventure-first-person shooting game. A game developed by Valve and I’m sure you’re familiar with Half-Life and Counter-Strike, so it’s pretty similar: shooting enemies. There are different modes you can play this game with. Game modes include Campaign, Versus and Survival. Campaign is where you’ll need to venture out and find the next safe-house with your party. Versus is the same as campaign, the only difference is the Infected are controlled by players. Survival is a mode where the survivors are placed in an area to fortify themselves and are timed where they can survive the attacks of the Infected.
If you have played any first-person shooting game, it’s similar; WASD for movements, left CTRL is to make your character crouch, space bar for jumping, 1, 2, 3 and 4 are for weapon selection, left-click is for attacking with a weapon, right-click is to shove the infected and make them fumble, E for actions (depending on the situation), and F for flashlight.
I must say that this game is fun to play with, especially if you like whacking zombies with melee weapons to see innards bursting out of the Infected. This will also test your capabilities because completing an area requires a huge amount of teamwork especially when the Special Infected will delay you from going to a safe-house.
Here is a video of me joining a versus mode as a survivor: (by the way, the characters are from Left 4 Dead: Bill, Francis, Louis, and Zoey)
Here is another video from YouTube | Vincent Nguyen playing as infected:


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Meeting Aviation Posters
Meeting Aviation Posters is radically supreme and makes a fantastic wall decoration, this dimension is 30 x 38 inch and the price is $234.99. If you're trying to find out top recommended Meeting Aviation Posters with affordable price, the produce is the impressive deals for you.
Artist: CharlesLeonce Brosse
Type: Framed Giclee Print
Dimension: 30 x 38 inch
This includes posters with luminous picture sure to catch vendee eyes, and Meeting Aviation Posters for the workplace. It is gorgeous and beauteous with lush colors. The paper was a great attribute poster paper with a brilliant finish. This produce is a extremely perfect poster, well printed and fleet shipped in a protective poster case. This item is a vast expanse of intertwined happenings thoroughly and in the end. Meeting Aviation Posters is a suitable photo, you can see the details of the paint strokes and the color is a quantity of more realistic than in some of the prints. Display the poster the way the theaters do with these singular movie poster lightboxes. The produce is immoderately energetic packaged, and looked exactly like the painting promised, and therefore like the original painting. The colors go so well together, the imposing quality and Meeting Aviation Posters did not have any borders or say vincent van gogh on the item.


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Moose Jaw couple takes social advocacy project across North America
Nicholas Hennink and Sheena Nault are travelling across Canada and the U.S in an RV, to raise awareness for their pay-it-forward movement, which will see that homeless individuals receive essential supplies.
It started with a sandwich, a cup of coffee and a heartfelt chat.
When Moose Jaw paramedic Nicholas Hennink and his fiancee Sheena Nault sat down with locals living on the streets to talk about their struggles, they originally envisioned the project as part of their own self-healing journey towards mental wellness.
But it grew into much more.
In the span of a few months, the project transformed from a small initiative dedicated to providing homeless and transient populations with essential supplies, into a national movement. To raise awareness, Hennink and Nault are travelling across Canada and the U.S in an RV.
“One day we decided, you know let’s actually just pay for food and sit down with them and talk and see if they will open up to us and let’s find out why they’re on the streets. Do they have any struggles? What do they want to say?” Hennink recalled.
The Help Someone Movement challenges participants to give food, clothing, hygiene products or medical supplies to a person living on the streets and then spread the word to friends and family in a pay-it-forward approach. For the past month, they’ve been travelling around the province in an RV, raising awareness, but have plans to take the project across the continent, with trips across Canada this summer and to the U.S once the border opens. The RV is their permanent residence and their house is in the process of being sold.
“We were going to do it very simply and live as simple as possible just for our own mental health, and then we started doing this and it kind of took a different turn …. now there’s kind of a purpose behind it,” said Nault in a recent interview.
Hennink almost found himself homeless. As an advanced care paramedic, he was witness to terrible tragedies and struggled with PTSD for seven years. He resorted to alcohol as a coping mechanism and went to rehab three times for treatment.
“It was a long journey for me to get over or fight that demon of addiction, so that’s why I have a soft spot for those who are struggling with addiction,” he said. “That could have been me on the streets and it should have been me, but I was lucky enough to get some help.”
But Hennink prefers to keep his mind set on the future and use his past as a tool to create good. He and Nault want their movement to spread as far and wide as possible, even to other countries.
It’s simple, he said. It starts with a sandwich.

domain: sociology


Bi AF - Black
Part of our AF collection - Bi AF. We all know what it means! Let's be confrontational and tell everyone how proud you are to be bisexual...
This t-shirt is everything you've dreamed of and more. It feels soft and lightweight, with the right amount of stretch. It's comfortable and flattering for both men and women.
Ask us about customising this into a different colour or style!
• 100% combed and ring-spun cotton (heather colors contain polyester)
• Fabric weight: 4.2 oz (142 g/m2)
• Shoulder-to-shoulder taping


Website development, logo design and writing for plastics packaging company PETClosureS.
PETClosureS’ patented closures break new ground in plastic packaging with a range of PET lids and closures that offer full recyclability, reduced carbon emissions, energy and cost efficiencies, and greater aesthetic appeal.
- Website development and copy writing
- Writing of business proposals and presentations
- Logo design
- Power Point presentations


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Anil Kapoor takes the stage at the launch of the Hindi version of his show, '24'.
Dressed in a pair of skinny denims and a black sweater, the dashing Kapoor could give any young actor in the industry a run for his money.
Here he poses next to his show's banner.
Phantom – New Posters
Phantom - First Look Posters
Maze Runner: The Scorch Trials - Character Poster
Manjhi- The Mountain Man New Poster
EVENT: Salman Khan launch Bajrangi Bhaijaan book...


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Bloody Valentine Collection
Time & Location
About the Event
New collection for Valentine's 2021! This event will feature photographs from Shot and Modeled by Helena for CBI.
This new collection is called Bloody Valentine and will feature traditional valentines day themes and colors along with a dark gothic twist. Released early enough to get your special someone the perfect gift to let them know you were thinking about them.


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2021-09-27 00:16:47 Find the results of "
volleyball nations league ottawa" for you
2021 Men's Nations League. Rimini, host city of the all rounds.
Too many errors came back to haunt Canada in a five-set loss to Serbia on Sunday in week two of Volleyball Nations League play in Ottawa.
Get Volleyball Nations League news. Read the most exciting news of teams and players.
volleyballworld.tv Watch live Live
Team Russia started their journey at the 2021 Volleyball Nations League beating Germany ... Verified. FIBA Basketball World Cup.
LOSANNA - A seguito di una riunione del Consiglio della Volleyball Nations League tenutosi la scorsa settimana è stato ufficializzato il cambio del formato della VNL
Looking to catch 2021 FIVB Nations League volleyball live?
Following a Volleyball Nations League (VNL) Council meeting last week, the new format for the VNL , as proposed by Volleyball World, ...
Volleyball Nations League 2022 - women volleyball indoor tournament, in which national teams play.

domain: sports


Select a Category
Build Author JerwanDavis Views 2627
Coined by my family as the: Davomatic
Build Notes: Here are all the parts necessary to re-produce this design. Please note, all of the parts are either sourced through openbuilds or have been selected and printed from thingiverse.
Build Author Keteland Views 7974
MULIMATERIAL 3D PRINTER (in progress)
ELECTRONICS - ARDUINO Mega 2560 + RAMPS 1.4 + power supply 12V - Leadshine DM 5042 external driver + Power supply 36V + NEMA 23 stepper motor SOFTWARE - Repetier Host to communicate with the Ramps - ARDUINO to upload the firmware (Marlin) MECANIC - V-Slots rails 40x40 + home-made plates - everything goes fine on the side of the build


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By Chris Fish
BREVARD -- One group of Brevard County residents is hoping to raise awareness for the Indian River Lagoon this year.
On Saturday, Feb. 1, Marine Resource Council will host the first "LagoonFest 2014"from 2-7 p.m. at the Ted Moorehead Lagoon House in Palm Bay in an effort to raise awareness to the ailing condition of the Indian River Lagoon.
"The goal of the event is to rally the community, in support of the Lagoon we rely on for our quality of life," said Leesa Souto, executive director for Marine Resources Council. "We lost more dolphins, manatees, sea birds and sports fish habitats in the Lagoon last year than we have in recorded history. The Lagoon is in crisis, and we all have a role to play in saving it."
Since July 2012, more than 100 manatees that live in the Indian River Lagoon have died, leading to multiple community efforts, including the opening of a research lab at Florida Institute of Technology, to find a cause and cure for this crisis.
To raise awareness of this issue, the event will feature a variety of food trucks, inspirational speakers and live music, performed by Souler Eclipse, Rayananda & the Wandering Sadhus, Mark Demao & the Four Given, Jeanne by the Sea and Richard Car & Friends.
Ms. Souto said the Indian River Lagoon brings in an annual $3.7 billion to the local economy every year, as well as provides recreational and pastoral experiences.
"(The event) is a showcase for community revelry and support for our Indian River Lagoon," she said. "The event is a sounding board for the Lagoon, in more ways than one. I encourage anyone, who wants to show their support for the Lagoon, to be there."
A $10 donation will allow entrance to the festival, as well as contribute to Marine Resources Council's new Lagoon Lifesavers program.
Ms. Souto said that she would like to thank those, who helped make the event a possibility, including Vern Nicoli, who provided the art for the posters and T-shirts; Richard Carl, who arranged the musical guests; Kim Kines of Less Stress Events for organizing the food trucks; and event sponsor Jotkoff Financial Group.
Marine Resources Council is a 501 (c)(3) nonprofit organization that is dedicated to protecting and restoring the Indian River Lagoon coast estuary for the economic, recreational, aesthetic and environmental use of the people of East Central Florida.
"LagoonFest 2014" will be held at the Ted Moorehead Lagoon House at 3275 Dixie Highway N.E., Palm Bay, on Saturday, Feb. 1, from 2-7 p.m.
For more information, visit www.MRCIRL.org.

domain: geography


FDA approves first COVID-19 drug: the antiviral remdesivir
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has approved the first drug to treat COVID-19: remdesivir, an antiviral medicine given through an IV for patients needing hospitalization. It had been authorized for use on an emergency basis since spring, and now has become the first drug to win full U.S. approval for treating COVID-19. The FDA previously issued an emergency use authorization for the drug in May for the treatment of hospitalized COVID-19 patients with severe infections. In August, the FDA reduced restrictions of drug usage, allowing COVID-19 patients without severe infections to be treated with the drug. The Associated Press Health and Science Department receives support from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute’s Department of Science Education.


A trucker pulling a trailer loaded with beans caused a historic, 113-year-old bridge to collapse near Grand Forks, North Dakota.
The driver, identified as Michael Dodds, took the 2005 Peterbilt truck tractor across a 56-foot long bridge across the Goose River, around 1.5 miles southwest of Northwood at 1:15 p.m. Monday.
The bridge was rated for 14 ton gross maximum weight. Dodd's truck? It weighed just over 43 tons, according to the Grand Forks County Sheriff's Office.
Unable to take the strain, the bridge buckled in the middle, with Dodd fortunate that his tractor made it to the other side as his trailer dangled. He was uninjured.
The bridge was built in 1906 and on the National Registrar of Historic places, and the estimated cost of replacing the bridge ranges between $800,000 and $1 million.
The driver was issued with an overload citation of $11,400, though the incident remains under investigation.
The road on which the bridge is located, 3rd Avenue NE, will be closed as a result of the collapse.


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According to CNN's Chloe Melas and Brian Stelter, Kelly Ripa has finally decided on a new co-host.
It's been almost a year to the day since Michael Strahan abruptly left Live with Kelly and Michael to pursue a hosting gig with Good Morning America. It became a big scandal when Ripa revealed she only found out about Strahan's departure 30 minutes before it was released by the press.
But now, after months of searching, Ripa is ready to announce who will be sitting with her every morning.
And it's probably someone you know VERY well.
It's Ryan Seacrest!
The former American Idol host will continue his radio shows for iHeartMedia, with ABC building him a radio studio in the same building that houses Live.
Seacrest's role will include on and off-air duties, which will be added to his busy schedule of also hosting red carpet specials for the E! Network.
I'm excited to see how this duo plays off each other...are you?


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The Senior Special Assistant to Katsina State Governor on Security, Ibrahim Jibia, has been reported to have slumped and died during a wedding ceremony in the state.
Jibia, who was appointed less than a year ago by the governor, Aminu Masari, was confirmed dead by medical officials after efforts to resuscitate him proved abortive in the state.
As gathered, the deceased slumped and died while attending the wedding ceremony of Special Adviser to the governor on Security matters, Ibrahim Katsina at Banu Commasie, GRA Katsina.
After slumping at the wedding ceremony last Saturday, the aide was rushed to the Government House Hospital where he was pronounced dead by doctors.
It would be recalled that before his appointment, Jibia was a retired former staff of the Department of State Services (DSS), has since been buried according to Islamic rites.


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A man accused of attacking a woman with a hammer this fall has pleaded guilty.
Justin Joseph Cardinal, 33, entered the plea in Anoka County District Court last week to one charge of second-degree assault, according to information provided by the county attorney’s office.
Cardinal faces up to 10 years in prison.
He also agreed to register as a violent offender.
His attorney could not be reached for comment Monday.
“This was an unprovoked attack, driven by uncontrolled anger, which resulted in significant injuries to the victim,” Anoka County Attorney Tony Palumbo said in a written statement. “We are satisfied that the plea agreement results in justice.”
Cardinal assaulted the woman Nov. 20 after she offered to drive him and another woman away from a residence in Forest Lake, where Cardinal already had attacked a male roommate.
During the drive, Cardinal became upset about the woman’s driving and took over driving. He drove the car into a ditch.
As the woman sought help from a nearby homeowner, Cardinal took a hammer out of a bag, struck her repeatedly in the head, and then ran away.
Law enforcement found him hours later, hiding in the woods.
The woman was treated at Regions Hospital for injuries to her head and a finger.
Cardinal’s criminal history includes a third-degree assault conviction from last year, simple robbery, obstructing the legal process, terroristic threats and drug possession.
His sentencing is set for March 10.
Sarah Horner can be reached at 651-228-5539. Follow her at twitter.com/hornsarah.

domain: law