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The laws on cannabinoids in Australia differ from the U.S. Although access to CBD is becoming more accepted by legislators worldwide, it's still illegal in most countries.
However, as laws and regulations in Australia developed over the decades, their stance on CBD and other cannabis products gradually shifted.
Nonetheless, individuals who wish to manufacture, sell, import, or purchase CBD in Australia will have to overcome several legal and administrative roadblocks.
Let's take a look at cannabis laws in Australia to see what - if anything - that market has to offer.
Are Cannabinoids Legal in Australia?
Yes, cannabinoids are legal in Australia, but to a limited degree. Cannabis plant products are accessible as medicinal cannabis (as of 2016), only available through medical professionals (a Special Access Scheme). Individuals can also access therapeutic goods through a medicinal cannabis product Authorised Prescriber (AP).
Unlike the U.S.A., Australia has no equivalent to the 2018 Farm Bill, although recent changes were supposed to make low-dose cannabidiol products easily accessible - more on that later.
The Australian Capital Territory (ACT) government amended its cannabis restrictions. Although they didn't fully legalize cannabis plant products or extracts, Australia - even during prohibition - felt a punitive approach to drug use wasn't effective.
They opted for decriminalization, allowing individuals over 18 up to 50g of cannabis flower. They can also grow two live plants. All growing and consumption has to be done at home.
Other infractions and restrictions are intended to keep children safe, prevent accidents, and limit growing capability.
The government's stated reason for decriminalization is as follows:
"We know people in the ACT use cannabis. We want to encourage people to get the support they need through our health system and not be forced through the justice system. Our health services are here to support you."
History of Cannabis and Cannabis Laws in Australia
Australia's history with the "hemp" cannabis cultivar mirrors that of the U.S. in many ways. Both governments were heavily reliant on hemp and its derivatives. However, their paths eventually diverged after a similar turbulent history with cannabis.
Introduction to Australia
Cannabis' history in Australia dates back to 1788, when Sir Joseph Banks landed in Botany Bay with supplies, including hemp seeds.
However, cannabis had a different relationship with Australia's colonizers, the British Government.
Not only was the hemp cultivar legal, it was mandatory. In the 16th century, King Henry VIII ordered all farmers to produce a minimum hemp quota. His successor, Elizabeth I, further increased that benchmark.
Hemp was arguably one of Europe's most valuable (and thankfully renewable) resources. Clothing, textiles, and animal feed were a few of the critical uses many governments had for hemp.
Sir Joseph Banks intended to take advantage of the fresh territory by growing hemp. Some historians believe (although the evidence is in dispute) that Britain originally intended to turn Australia into a massive hemp producer - something they intended to do in the U.S. before the revolution.
The Seeds of Prohibition
Until the 1925 Geneva Convention on Opium and Other Drugs, cannabis wasn't a blip on the ACT's radar. However, cannabis eventually ended up in the "other drugs" category. Consequently, the League of Nations recognized cannabis as equal to heroin and cocaine.
Reefer Madness and American Influence
After the 1910 Mexican Revolution, migrants from Mexico settled in the United States. Xenophobia was a serious issue, which only became worse during the Great Depression.
The U.S. government needed a scapegoat, so they created a false narrative. The Federal Bureau of Narcotics was established in 1930 under the command of Henry Anslinger, who linked cannabis use with minorities.
Anslinger claimed that cannabis was dangerous to your health and led people of color (specifically Hispanic and African American) to commit violent crimes. It was presented as a substance that pushes consumers to the brink of sanity - and the public accepted it.
The Marijuana Tax Act of 1937 quickly followed, marking the final nail in cannabis' coffin.
By 1938, Australians heard the term "marijuana," a word rooted in racism against the abovementioned groups.
Eventually, Australia's Director of General Health learned about the drug. But rather than rely on experts and clinical trials (or any studies), the government banned cannabis based on an emerging media frenzy.
Fortunately for Australians, the 1960s and 70s were brighter in the cannabis arena. While the U.S. elected Richard Nixon and, by proxy, the War on Drugs, Australia's Labour Party won the ballot in 1972.
The Labour Party implemented many progressive policies, including decriminalizing cannabis (with liberties expanded by the ACT in 2020).
Australia also differed in its attitude toward cannabis. While the U.S. continues to treat cannabis as a criminal issue, Australia's move in 1972 redirected it to a medical approach. As a result, they focused on rehabilitation over punishment.
As a result, cannabis-related incarcerations plummeted to unprecedentedly low levels.
Steps to Legalization
In 2016, Australia treated cannabis as a prescription medicine for some, giving people access to the products for issues like severe childhood epilepsy, chronic pain, inflammation, nausea, insomnia, and more. Having medicinal cannabis regulated by the government ensured a degree of customizability and safety.
As of the writing of this article, medical cannabis products remain available to eligible individuals in Australia.
This was a monumental step forward for those seeking cannabis for therapeutic purposes. Recreational users weren't as lucky, but a set of future legislative changes made their lives much easier.
The ACT Reforms of 2020
Again, the ACT government further expanded decriminalization in 2020, giving any legal adults the freedom to consume with a few (arguably light) restrictions.
In December of that same year, Australia's Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) amended their Therapeutic Goods Act to downschedule low-dose CBD from strictly a prescription medicine to over-the-counter. This allowed adults to purchase low-dose CBD oil (up to 150 mg/day) at a pharmacy without a prescription.
Although low-dose cannabidiol is accessible without legal consequences, it's still tightly regulated. CBD oils need to be listed on the Australian Register of Therapeutic Goods.
The current restrictions are so tight that it makes the manufacture, approval, and sale of CBD nearly impossible. It's so complicated that, to date, no legal over-the-counter CBD products exist.
Additionally, individuals who need higher-dose CBD products have to look outside the legal market.
As of the writing of this article, Australia has yet to legalize recreational use. But if Canada and some U.S. states are any indication, it's likely cannabis will soon be legal.
Which Cannabinoids Are Legal in Australia?
All cannabinoids are legal in Australia as long as individuals get medical cannabis through an authorized prescriber scheme.
Again, a 2020 amendment made it legal to purchase low-dose CBD oil in Australia, taking it off their list of prescription medicines. Still, the products are as tightly regulated as medical cannabis, with strict advertising and packaging restrictions that so far prevented any products from hitting pharmacy shelves.
THC remains illegal, but the rather generous decriminalization rules have all but legalized it.
Is CBD Legal in Australia?
Yes, you can buy CBD oil in Australia through a medical cannabis program. Non-prescription CBD oil is legally allowed at lower concentrations.
The Therapeutic Goods Administration schedules medical cannabis products depending on their cannabinoid content. Non-prescription CBD must contain 98% CBD and no more than 2% "other cannabinoids."
Is CBN Legal in Australia?
No, cannabinol (CBN) is not legal in Australia, except by prescription (if such medical products exist yet). While the cannabinoid hasn't explicitly been banned, it falls under "other cannabinoids," as stated by the TGA. Consequently, a non-CBD cannabinoid like CBN can't be sold without a prescription, let alone in any meaningful therapeutic amount.
Is CBG Legal in Australia?
The situation with cannabigerol (CBG) is identical to CBN. Despite having no intoxicating effects, the product isn't available over the counter.
However, some CBG products might be available by prescription.
Is THC Legal in Australia?
No, THC is not legal in Australia without obtaining it through a Special Access Scheme or Authorised Prescriber.
Still, the ACT amendment ensured that individuals over 18 have a lot of leeway regarding possession and cultivation.
Are There CBD Manufacturers in Australia?
Yes, there are CBD manufacturers in Australia. They function similarly to the unregulated CBD market in the United States.
But unlike in the U.S., Australian CBD products don't have an equivalent of the American 2018 Farm Bill to protect them. Consequently, they operate outside the law.
Can You Import CBD into Australia?
According to the Australian Office of Drug Control (ODC), CBD hasn't been approved for import. Ironically, THC is the only cannabinoid that can be imported, but with a license from the ODC. While the license covers 12 months. A shipment permit is required for each delivery.
These products are also only allowed for specific uses. The exact list, as written by the ODC, is as follows:
- Authorised Prescriber (AP) Scheme
- Special Access Scheme (SAS)
- Clinical Trials
- Animal Studies
- Laboratory or analytical testing
- Cultivation under an ODC Medicinal Cannabis Permit.
What is the Market Potential of CBD and Cannabinoids in Australia?
The Australian legal cannabis market is showing promising growth, with an estimated value of nearly U.S. $200 million by the end of 2023.
At a predicted annual growth rate of nearly 15%, the value will nearly double, reaching U.S. $ 389 million.
While this is a drop in the bucket compared to the U.S. and its $11.3 billion market, CBD may still have a bright future in Australia.


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By Poppy Shire
The Magic Pony Carousel has come to city! Laura loves ponies, and he or she can't wait to experience big name the western pony. while she climbs directly to Star's saddle, the experience takes them again in time to the Wild West, the place they have to shop a child calf! Will Laura and famous person manage to store the day
By Stan Berenstain
Because the steadily expanding variety of bears on wheels provides up via all types of mixtures and diversifications, starting readers are provided a special counting e-book, courtesy of the Berenstains.
By Tove Jansson
'I determined to run away. There easily wasn't anything to do.' the following ultimately is Moominpappa's promised existence tale - from the times whilst he was once deserted in a newspaper parcel at the doorstep of a Moomin orphanage, to while he ran away to work out the realm and was once fortunate sufficient to fulfill Moominmamma.
By Walter Farley
After the Black assaults one other horse, Alec realizes that the once-wild horse wishes extra space and freedom, so that they head out west to an important ranch. yet a poor coincidence separates the 2, leaving Alec with amnesia and the Black by myself to reclaim the wild lifestyles to which he used to be born. because the Black struggles to outlive, and as Alec struggles to recollect who he's and his connection to the impressive stallion within the canyon, a gripping event tale unfolds.
By Seth Lerer
Ever on account that youngsters have discovered to learn, there was children's literature. Seth Lerer right here charts the makings of the Western literary mind's eye from Aesop's fables to mom Goose, from Alice's Adventures in Wonderland to Peter Pan, from "Where the Wild issues Are" to "Harry Potter". the single single-volume paintings to seize the wealthy and various historical past of children's literature in its complete landscape, this amazing ebook unearths why J. R. R. Tolkien, Dr. Seuss, Laura Ingalls Wilder, Beatrix Potter, and so forth, regardless of their divergent kinds and material, have all resonated with generations of readers. "Children's Literature" is a thrilling quest throughout centuries, continents, and genres to find how, and why, we first fall in love with the written observe.
By Amy Krouse Rosenthal
It's no longer reasonable! All Little Owl wishes is to visit mattress at an affordable hour, like his acquaintances do. yet no . . . Mama and Papa say little owls need to not sleep past due and play. So Little Owl spends all evening leaping on his mattress, taking part in at the jungle gymnasium, and doing methods on his skateboardbut he's hooting mad approximately it ! little ones who've a difficult time going to mattress will love this enjoyable twist at the common drawback.
By Wilbert Awdry
Huge roving shadows and monster-size footprints try the engines' bravery in a brand-new Thomas & neighbors motion picture, story of the courageous. tailored from the motion picture, this Little Golden publication will thrill train-obsessed little girls and boys a while 2 to five.
By Jeff Kinney
Greg Heffley's on a wasting streak. His ally, Rowley Jefferson, has ditched him, and discovering new buddies in center institution is proving to be a difficult job. to alter his fortunes, Greg comes to a decision to take a jump of religion and switch his judgements over to likelihood. Will a roll of the cube flip issues round, or is Greg's existence destined to be simply one other hard-luck tale?
By Doug Knutson, Eric Arnold
Step Into examining - point 4
A volcano might be referred to as a napping mountain--that is, until eventually it wakes up! what's it prefer to witness the eruption of 1 of nature's majestic time bombs? younger readers can examine what makes volcanoes "tick," and skim approximately probably the most recognized eruptions in history.
Written through Eric Arnold, illustrated through Doug Knutson

domain: literature


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4.2 Economic System:
It is very important for all business firms to understand and learn about the economic systems in which they will be working; whether it is a capitalist, socialist or mixed economic system. Other than that, a business also needs to evaluate how it can adapt itself to the economic conditions and systems of a particular country. When businesses run on a global level, it is imperative that all countries’ economies have been studied and their nuances kept in mind while working in such countries. The recent international economic crisis has shifted the focus of the geopolitical and economic power from west to east. Shell has used this scenario to their advantage by focusing on the emerging economies in the time of financial crisis as the recovery is seen more in the developing countries rather than the developed ones.

domain: economics


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As a result, the APPG has put forward a series of recommendations to help support hospitality and tourism businesses as they prepare to reopen, which includes cutting tourism VAT; relaxing the two-metre social distancing rule; overhauling the business rates system; and creating an October bank holiday.
The report, published by trade body UKHospitality, follows in inquiry by the APPG, chaired by Steve Double MP, which collected testimony and written evidence from over 350 businesses, trade bodies and students’ unions.
It states that the hospitality and tourism sectors have been two of the hardest hit by the Coronavirus crisis, with the majority of businesses operating 'sub-economically' after they reopen.
A common framework will be required to ensure venues can operate safely it says, adding that a false start would be 'devastating' for both sectors.
In order to help ensure as many jobs as possible remain secure, the report calls for financial support from the Government to be extended until businesses are once again able to trade at a sustainable level.
There are also renewed demands within the report for the Government to consider relaxing the two metre social distancing rule; provide urgent action on rents; and undertake a comprehensive review of business costs.
“In every region of the UK, high streets in town and city centres have been almost entirely shuttered and normal life has been suspended," says UKHospitality chief executive Kate Nicholls.
“Hospitality and tourism were some of the first sectors to take a noticeable hit, even before lockdown began. The reality is that these sectors will also be two of the last to fully emerge and it will take time for employers to get back up to anywhere near full speed.
“If the Government is positive and decisive in delivering support for these sectors, then the job will be made much easier. Businesses will be saved and jobs all around the country kept secure. We hope that the Government acts on the recommendations in this report. Otherwise, the road back will be a long and hard one.”
The report also recommends that, in order to help promote domestic tourism in the months ahead, an October bank holiday should be created and a 10% cut in VAT implemented.
It adds that the introduction of air bridges and cutting Air Passenger Duty would help boost inbound tourism, which the report says is likely to be down 30% for the year.
“The UK’s hospitality and tourism sectors have been devastated by the Covid-19 crisis, and this report highlights the scale of the damage done to businesses," says Double.
“These are two of the most important parts of our economy and our inquiry has highlighted the importance of supporting these vital sectors in both the immediate and long term.
“Whilst the support provided to the sector so far has been very welcomed, we are under no illusions that the path to recovery will be tough. This report and its recommendations provide the Government with a blueprint for supporting businesses.
“There is every reason to believe that businesses can bounce back if they have the correct support from Westminster and devolved governments.”

domain: news


What is the difference between TDI and TFSI?
But what do these abbreviations stand for? TDI refers to Turbocharged Diesel Injection, whereas TFSI means Turbocharged Fuel Stratified Injection.
Is TFSI a diesel or petrol?
The TFSI badge is used on every petrol car Audi sells, while diesels are badged TDI. TFSI stands for ‘Turbocharged Fuel Stratified Injection’ and is used to signify that the engine is a turbocharged petrol unit.
Is TFSI better than TSI?
Conclusion & Engine Reliability In conclusion, the two engines are very similar, but the TSI superseded the Turbo FSI and may have had more common problems. These engines are not the most reliable, however, we have seen both of these last longer than 200,000 miles if they are maintained properly.
What does TFSI stand for VW?
Turbo fuel stratified injection
Powering many new Audi vehicles is the TFSI® engine. The TFSI (Turbo fuel stratified injection) is the world’s first turbocharged direct injection engine. This system produces higher power output and optimum engine response, all while providing greater fuel efficiency and reduced emissions.
What’s the difference between a TDI and TFSI engine?
TDI means Turbocharged Diesel Injection, whereas TFSI means Turbocharged Fuel Stratified Injection. Car manufacturers have been transitioning towards the TDI and TFSI (also known as TSI) engine, with the newest introduction being the Audi A4 coming with 3.0 TDI and 2.0 TFSI engines, making cars more robust than ever before.
What kind of engine is a TDI engine?
Turbocharged direct injection engine is invented by Volkswagen group. TDI identifies all advanced diesel engines using direct fuel injection and a turbocharger. TDI engines are economical and smooth with high levels of torque and good energy efficiency.
What’s the difference between MultiJet and TDI in a VW?
Fiat has their infamous Multijet system and the VW has TDI (Turbo charged Direct Injection). Multijet splits the fuel to split into multiple injections thus allowing for a more complete combustion and a quiter engine compared to its predecessor common rail engines.


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On July 11th, the Spark Minda Foundation joined 15 other private sector partners in making Family Planning 2020 commitments at the 2017 London Summit. Spark Minda, a leading manufacturer of automobile components in India, allocated 1.1 million Indian rupees (US $17,190) per year until 2020 to sensitize 3,000 women and men in the rural areas of Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Uttarakhand, and Uttar Pradesh states about family planning, reproductive health, and menstrual hygiene by 2020.
Advance Family Planning (AFP) local partner Pathfinder International India engaged with Indian corporations they had met with at least once before in the months prior to the Summit, and encouraged them to make corporate social responsibility commitments at the significant global event. In collaboration with the U.K. Department for International Development (DFID) and the United Nations Foundation, their advocacy efforts succeeded with Spark Minda.
The company’s commitment builds on an agreement they signed with Pathfinder on February 8, 2017, to conduct family planning sensitization workshops for 1,000 community members in four states. The workshops inform participants about family planning method choices and their effectiveness, and address the myths and misconceptions related to each method. Participants will also be informed about the nearest public health facilities that offer family planning services. Spark Minda’s expanded Family Planning 2020 commitment to inform 3,000 people is a result of Pathfinder’s sustained advocacy. The company’s decision-makers recognize that family planning is a significant contributor to women’s empowerment and socio-economic development, particularly for India’s underprivileged populations.
The family planning components of the Spark Minda-funded workshops will be conducted by Pathfinder India. Other topics will be led by expert civil society partners. Between 2017-2020, they’ll engage 500 women and 500 men every year from the communities surrounding the corporation’s manufacturing units and vocational training centers in the four states.
Pathfinder India will continue to engage with Spark Minda and other corporations for long-term commitments and larger investments in family planning. The attention received following Spark Minda’s commitment at the London Summit may inspire other Indian corporations to adopt family planning into their corporate social responsibility programs.

domain: sociology


For the second program of Fall for Dance Festival at New York City Center I was joining rtb and her sister. This time we were in the back mezzanine so the seats weren’t as good. Also not good was the big guy in the seat in front of me with his head blocking a huge portion of the stage. I spent a lot of the night leaning all the way into the aisle so that I could see the entire stage.
Our dance teacher that evening was Jonathan “Jojo” Emanuell Alsberry of the Aszure Barton & Artists company. Jojo was short and seemed delighted to be with us. He joined us on the floor to teach us some of the steps. We started by beating out the rhythms on our body. As steps were added – lifting legs up and down, swinging arms back and forth, and switching legs in a different rhythm than we were swinging our arms – and no matter how badly we were doing, Jojo was always encouraging. At one point he told me I had a step and, of course, I had been doing it without thinking and once I started thinking about it, I lost it. That’s the thing about dancing. The steps and rhythm have to become part of your DNA so you’re not constantly thinking about it but just doing it. He mentioned that dance was our first method of communication and wanted us to feel the earth below us while stepping.
The program started with the Richard Alston Dance Company (Richard Alston, artistic director) performing the New York premiere of Rejoice in the Lamb. The dance premiered in 2014 in Canterbury. At the back of the stage was the Montclair State University Vocal Accord and I loved hearing a live choir. Benjamin Britten’s music “Rejoice in the Lamb” was very religious sounding – a perfect complement to the text, which was Christopher Smart’s 18th century religious poem “Jubliate Agno.” “Smart is confined to an asylum because of his exaggerated religious fervor. His cat Jeoffrey is with him. He gathers his fellow inmates round him who join in innocent adoration of all God’s creatures.” All dancers start by lying on the stage with Nicholas Bodych (Christopher Smart) separate from the rest. All the men have their pants rolled up to their knees and are wearing blousy-sleeved shirts. The women have on circle skirts and tank tops with flowers painted on them. Ihsaan de Banya (Joeffry the Cat) has a duet with Bodych and then he appears to play with another dancer as if she’s a mouse but eventually the mouse points off-stage and Banya leaves with his head bowed down. Then there’s more dancing about and I lost the creature adoration or religious significance of the dance. The other dancers were Elly Braund, Oihana Vesga Bujan, Jenny Hayes, Monique Jonas, James Muller, Nancy Nerantzi, Liam Riddick, and Nicholas Shikkis. The dance was choreographed by Alston with costumes by Peter Todd, lighting by Zeynep Kepekli, production manager Karl Oskar Sørdal, and rehearsal director Martin Lawrance. The choir was beautifully conducted by Heather J. Buchanan and accompanied by Vincent Carr on the organ. Steven W. Ryan is the accompanist. The singers were (soloists have asterisk) Angel Baker, Gabrianna Boomer, Gabrielle Guridys, Nicole Jodoin, Christine Rauschenbach*, Demetria Sardo, and Haley Teicher (sopranos); Krystle Lee Avinger, Apryl Chanco, Zachary Delcamp*, Kirsten Gorsak, Rachael Jacobs, and Andria Kwasnicki (altos); Anthony Chillari, Alexander Marrone, Zachary Morehouse, Ngqibeko Peter Ncanywa, Michael Rivera, Joseph Schnorrbusch*, and David Tarantino (tenors); and Michael Alworth, Gabriel Baseman, Evan Fleming, Aaron Kurtz, Charles Lemaire, and Jason Zacher* (basses). Delcamp had an especially beautiful voice. It’s always nice to see an alto take a solo – I just wish it had been one of the women.
In the Playbill it was noted that the last dance of the evening was going to be performed on a white stage (the stage at City Center is black). But they brought out the white stage for the second dance and kept it out for the rest of the night. Aszure Barton & Artists performed an adaptation of Awáa, which was “adapted from an evening-length work and translates to ‘one who is a mother’ in the language of the Haida, an aboriginal people living on the west coast of Canada.” The premiere was in 2012 in Ottawa. The work starts with one dancer with arms around a giant glowing red ball and the white stage. The men were in pants and t-shirts or bare-chested. The beginning music sounded similar to Erik Satie’s “Trois Gymnopédies” that we had heard in the ballet in the first program but it was not the same. There were water sounds and images projected onto a screen in front of the stage. The dance was just beautiful to watch – it was fun to see the steps we had been taught but executed so gracefully and in sync. You could also see the homage to the aboriginal dance and the tribute to earth, sky, and sea. The dance had one man, then all the men and women, then all the men, and then one man and woman and she lifts him up and carries him off. Choreography was by Barton (who is also artistic director), music by Curtis MacDonald and Lev “Ljova” Zhurbin, scenery and lighting by Burke Brown, costumes by Linda Chow, video by Tobin Del Coure, and stage manager was Pamela Rapp. The dancers were Alsberry, Lara Barclay, William Briscoe, Del Cuore, Thomas House, Jeremy Raia, and Oscar Ramos.
During intermission they brought down the fire curtain, which is white, and used that as the curtain for the third dance instead of the regular burgundy velvet curtain.
The US premiere of The Ballad of Mack and Ginny was performed by NYC Ballet dancer Wendy Whelan and principal dancer for the Royal Opera House Edward Watson. The premiere was in 2015 in London. “This tango-inspired ‘dance drama’ explores the violent, doomed love affair of Mack the Knife and Ginny Jenny, two characters from Kurt Weill and Bertold Brecht’s 1928 musical The Threepenny Opera.” There was a small band at the back of the stage and the list of instruments didn’t scream Weill to me but when they played it was perfect. They used the entire stage – lifting the back curtain to reveal the white brick wall and red pipes of backstage with an exit on the back wall stage left. At the start both dancers are smoking. Whelan is wearing a men’s tailored long sleeved white shirt, black stockings with black garters, and black high heels. Watson was wearing a black bowler, white tank top undershirt, black suspenders with pants rolled to the knee revealing black socks with black garters. He reminded me of Alan Cumming in Cabaret. Switchblades came out and they attacked each other and then Whelan bent over and wrapped her long blonde hair in a ponytail above her head which Watson took a hold of while they tangoed. He left and she took off her shirt and continued dancing with her back to the audience. It was awkward. She didn’t want to reveal herself and it made the movements clumsy. He came back in a black suit and placed a diamond necklace around her neck. He danced solo and she returned wearing a black dress with a long slit and the diamond necklace. There was fussing with some props like a drink and stirring with the switchblade and then they tangoed again. Finally the switchblades came out for one last time. The tango is a sexy violent dance and Whelan and Watson have danced together before and you can see they are comfortable with each other. Musicians Frank Moon (banjo, electric guitar, musical saw, vocals, music director, and arranger), Bev Lee Harling (violin and vocals), Stephen Little (percussion), Aidan O’Donnell (double bass), and Stefan Vasnier (piano) did a wonderful job with Weill’s “Tango Ballad.” The choreography and direction was by Arthur Pita. Costumes were by Jean-Marc Puissant, lighting by Bruno Poet, associate lighting design by Max Narula, stage managing by Lynne Otto, and tango tutors were Amir Giles and Tara Pilbrow.
Our evening ended with Grupo Corpo’s New York premiere of Suíte Branca, which premiered in Belo Horizonte in 2015. “Through pendular movements, suspensions, and floorwork, the dancers of Grupo Corpo defy the laws of gravity on a white stage that resembles a blank page where new stories beg to be written.” The backdrop was also white and looked like crumpled paper. As the dance progressed the ‘paper’ seemed to get more crumpled and resembled a cliff wall at the end. The dancers were all dressed in white – tights, shorts, shirts, and bodysuits. During the first movement the music reminded me of a TV Western theme electronified. During a duet the music was Beatlesque. The dancers’ movements were jerky but graceful. The dancers leaned and fell or leaned and almost fell or leaned but were caught. It was an exciting dance with constant movement and plenty of Brazilian butt in your face.
By Carene Lydia Lopez


Doc Martin – 9 June 2020 – 9/6/2020 – June 9 – Tuesday – ITV
Season 8, Episode 1
In the Season 8 premiere, Martin and Louisa are living together again in the surgery. Portwenn is buzzing with activity as preparations for Janice and Penhale’s wedding go ahead. Penhale has his own medical issue, which could prevent him from making it down the aisle
About Doc Martin
When Martin Ellingham, a surgeon, develops haemophobia, he leaves London to start a practice in the sleepy village of Portwenn. However, his lack of social skills makes him unpopular among the people.
This show is broadcast on ITV.
Latest Episodes of Doc Martin
- Doc Martin – 14 July 2020 – 14/7/2020 – July 14 – Tuesday – ITV
- Doc Martin – 7 July 2020 – 7/7/2020 – July 7 – Tuesday – ITV
- Doc Martin – 30 June 2020 – 30/6/2020 – June 30 – Tuesday – ITV
- Doc Martin – 23 June 2020 – 23/6/2020 – June 23 – Tuesday – ITV
- Doc Martin – 16 June 2020 – 16/6/2020 – June 16 – Tuesday – ITV
Latest Episodes on ITV
ITV is an British television network, and is one of the main television networks in the United Kingdom. It broadcasts in English.
Some of the most popular shows and programs on ITV include:
- Coronation Street
- The X Factor
- This Morning
- The Chase
- Midsomer Murders
- Tipping Point
- Take Me Out
- Celebrity Juice
- The Jonathon Ross Show
Television in the United Kingdom
The main United Kingdom networks are:
- BBC (British Broadcasting Corporation)
- BBC One, BBC Two, BBC Three, BBC Four
- ITV (Independent Television)
- ITV, ITV2, ITV3, ITV4
- Channel 4
- Channel 5
You will find articles on all your favourite TV shows on every network, everyday on TV Everyday!


Shaddows - 8:53 am on Dec 4, 2012 (gmt 0)
My guess is that you don't need to worry about this unless you have already come to their attention in a negative way.
I completely agree with this, but with an important caveat.
If you are "testing" in order to push the envelope, find where the boundaries are, to really find the limits of what triggers various negative ranking mechanisms, you should obviously keep that seperate.
By extention, if you are launching something that is potentially "thin" and could conceivably be drawing negative attention, you might want to launch that under a seperate cover. Although, the time you spend "disassociating" the new site from your portfilio might be better spent creating a truly quality offering that you would be proud to include amongst your more established sites.
I'm sure the web spam team wants to id these people, but is it truly worth the effort and the amount of data that would need to processed
Absolutely it is worth the effort.
The web is huge. Most of the web is dross, but it is not actively manipulative webspam.
Webspam is perpetrated by a relatively tiny subset of publishers. If you can identify this subset, you can save yourself a substantial amount of effort from trying to pick it up at the document level.


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Email Correspondence between Bernd-Wilhelm Linnemeier and Norman Streat
This web page shows my correspondence with Bernd-Wilhelm Linnemeier about his discoveries in the Bückeburg State Archive regarding my ancestors in the 17th and 18th centuries. What he wrote was highly significant. Previously, I had been able to trace my ancestry in Stolzenau back to my 3rd great-grandparents. This new information allowed me to trace back an additional 3 generations, and possibly even further.
To go directly to the most important document – follow this link
The following has been translated into English. To read this email in the original German, go to this link
Date: Thu, 15 Aug 2002 14:55:09 EDT
Subject: Re: Bueckeburg News
X-Mailer: AOL 6.0 for Windows DE sub 10512
First of all, I have to apologize because I am so late replying to your August 4 email. At the weekend I will deal more intensively with the difficult connections between the old families from Stolzenau and take your considerations into account.
About a week ago I tried to research the older generations of Stolzenau Jews in the state archive in Hanover, but was unsuccessful. I felt very frustrated. But today I have good news, from the state archive in Bückeburg, where I did some research yesterday.
Miriam bat Yitzchak, who was married to Samuel Levi in Stolzenau and died in 1801, came from one of the oldest and most respected Jewish families in the medieval county of Schaumburg. In the 17th century the county became Schaumburg-Lippe.
Her father was Isaak Simon (born ~1704; died after 1786) in Bückeburg. I have not yet been able to find the name of her mother, who was born in 1721 and died before 1786. In 1771 Miriam was living with her parents and her younger siblings; she had a brother Moses (born 1751), sister Egelgen (born ~1755) and brothers Simon (born 1756) and Michel (born 1758) in Bückeburg. In 1777 Miriam was apparently already in Stolzenau (which should agree with the date of birth of her eldest son there).
Her younger brother Simon (b. 1756) definitely stayed in Bückeburg. He received a Schutzbrief in 1787, which ensured his permanent residence. Her older brother Moses apparently left his parents' house before 1786. I still haven't found out where he went.
Miriam's paternal grandparents were: Simon Eleasar, also known as Simon Senger [Senger = singer/cantor], born ~1665 maybe in Bückeburg, but certainly in Schaumburg-Lippe, where - as he himself said in 1732 - his Ältervater lived. In the 18th century, Ältervater (literally, “elder father”) meant either grandfather or great-grandfather.
Simon was married to Güdelgen David. He received a Schutzbrief for his stay in Bückeburg in 1712. Simon was also the only Jew in the entire county of Schaumburg-Lippe who, by special order of the reigning count, was excluded from the expulsion of the Jews (ordered by the same count) in 1718/19.
Simon had a brother named Michel, who settled in Stadthagen (another town in Schaumburg) after a few Jewish families were allowed to return to the county in 1729.
Miriam's father Isaak Simon was Simon Eleasar's eldest son. He had been living in the town of Hagenburg in the north of Schaumburg-Lippe since 1728. In 1739 he may have already moved to Bückeburg. In 1732, the father succeeded in establishing his second son Abraham as his successor in Bückeburg, and he also successfully campaigned for his youngest son Jacob (born ~1711) in 1739. Records show that Jacob was living with his family in Bückeburg around 1771. I have not yet been able to determine the name of a third son who also settled in the county.
As for Eleasar, Miriam's great-grandfather, I have not yet found enough time to search thoroughly for traces of him. In this case, the period between 1650 and 1670 is of great importance, which I have so far not examined too closely for Schaumburg-Lippe.
In 1646, Seligmann Senger and Isaak Senger were mentioned as Jewish residents of Bückeburg, and in 1601 a certain Senger with wife and children lived in nearby Obernkirchen (which was then the largest municipality in the county).
So you see, where there are sufficient sources, you can learn a great deal. But unfortunately, for Stolzenau, this is almost impossible because of the losses suffered by the Hanover State Archives during the war.
There is also an old Jewish cemetery in Bückeburg. Perhaps there is more information hidden there, but no one has yet documented the inscriptions.
I will soon compile my findings in the usual form (with the usual references as footnotes). This first short compilation may be sufficient for today.
As for information about Beyle from Lindhorst (wife of Marcus Levi), I haven't got very far in Bückeburg due to lack of time. However, I know that there have only been Jews in Lindhorst since 1748 and that at that time two Jewish families had established themselves there: namely Levmann Moses from (?) Fritzlar and Isaak Joseph, whose family had previously lived in Stadthagen, but he had been driven out from there in the expulsion of 1718/19. For a long time only these two families seem to have lived in Lindhorst, and Beyle emerged from one of them. It shouldn't be difficult to determine Beyle's family background.
Kind regards for today
Fri Aug 16 15:31:48 2002
From: Norman Streat <email@example.com>
Subject: Re: Bueckeburg News
Thank you so much for your latest message with all the information about my early ancestors from Bueckeburg. As you might guess, I was thrilled with what you have uncovered.
I will be pleased to receive a copy of this family tree in your usual format, with footnotes. My biggest question, is what surname(s) did the descendants of this family adopt in later generations? Or maybe you already told me - was it SENGER?
I was interested to note a small connection with Stadthagen - and I see on the map that Bueckeburg is actually quite close to Stadthagen. I am aware that there was a famous Goldschmidt family in Stadthagen. Maybe this means nothing, or..., who knows?
From: Norman Streat <firstname.lastname@example.org>
This is to acknowledge that your latest message, which included the descendants list of the SENGER family of Bueckeburg, arrived in good order. Once again, thank you so much for sending this to me.
I can forward the information to Ernie Stiefel. I'm sure he will be thrilled about it too. I expect he will be able to use your WORD 97 document, but if he runs into any difficulties, I will help him sort it out. I will ask him to write to you. I understand that he and his wife were recently in Toronto at a Jewish Genealogy Conference - but I believe they are home again now.
Thank you for your comments about the likelihood of a connection with the Goldschmidt-Stadthagen family. I understand that you see no evidence of such a connection. I am still clinging to the hypothesis that Levy Samuel (Stolzenau) didn't choose the name "Goldschmidt" at random, but he may have believed he was a Goldschmidt descendant - either through his father or his mother. I'm still hopeful that some evidence will eventually turn up. In this regard, it would be interesting to discover the name of Isaak SENGER's wife (b. 1721) - who would have been Levi Samuel's grandmother.
One other thing I should also comment on - in an earlier message I put forward the idea that Samuel Levi (Stolzenau) might be a son of Levi Simon (Stolzenau), rather than Levi Marcus (Stolzenau). This guess was based, in part, on the frequent recurrence of the name "Simon" in later generations. In fact, the tradition of naming sons Simon, both as Hebrew and English names, continues among Goldschmidt-Stolzenau descendants down to the present day.
But now I see that Simon SENGER was a great grandfather of Levi Samuel Goldschmidt. He could well have been the original "Simon" whose name has been repeated in later generations. So I withdraw my earlier suggestion - there is no need to assume a direct connection to Levi Simon.
Another comment - you told me in an earlier message that Samuel Levi, by his own declaration, was born in Stolzenau in 1742. You may wish to add this to the information on your second page.
I have two questions about names. Both are on page 2. You say that the third child of Isaak Simon was called Eggelgen. This is an unusual name. Could it be Engelgen (or Engelchen)? Also on this page, you mention Guedelgen Davids. Why "Davids", rather than "David"? It does not appear that you have added the "s" for grammatical reasons.
Of course, it's nice to find a connection with someone famous - like Heinrich Heine.
The information you have provided has made it necessary for me to read about the history of Schaumburg-Lippe. I have been doing so over the past weekend. Up to now, I hadn't paid attention to this State (can we call it a State?) I see that its history is quite distinct, yet intertwined, with that of the Kingdom of Hannover and the Kingdom of Westphalia. I'm enjoying learning about these things.
Once again, many thanks. And best wishes.
This email was written by Bernd-Wilhelm Linnemeier in English. His English is excellent. The reason he sometimes writes to me in German is purely a matter of convenience. He knows that I can read German without much difficulty, therefore on occasion, it may be quicker and easier for him to write in German.
Date: Tue, 20 Aug 2002 15:05:42 EDT
Subject: Re: Bueckeburg List-Second Part of Reply
Yesterday I answered your mail a little too quickly and not in detail. I hadn't finished reading it completely, which I just noticed when I printed out the text - please excuse my inattentiveness.
Of course I want to follow the Goldschmidt traces forever, because Moses Samuel Goldschmidt aka. Moshe Kramer had sons-in-law in Stadthagen. I want to try to get the texts of the older tombstones at the Bückeburg Jewish cemetery (there is a documentation by the Central Archive for the History of Jews in Germany in Heidelberg, whose director, Dr. Honigmann, I know slightly). Perhaps there is an inscription that fits Isaak Senger's wife.
Of course, I added the date of birth of Samuel Levi (1742) to my "Goldschmidt list", which I have not yet been able to complete. I forgot to add the date to the Senger list.
Regarding the names on page 2: I wrote them down as they appear in the file, i.e. it is possible there may also have been misunderstandings by the former writers - and in the case of Eggelgen that appears to be so; because there is a second list from 1771 (StABÜ, L 2, P, No. 13) and it says "Engelchen" quite correctly! When I compiled the overviews yesterday, I only had the lists from the city administration of Bückeburg in front of me and did not compare them with the overviews of the count's administration (in which "Engelchen" is written). So you can replace "Eggelgen" with a clear conscience by "Engelchen".
For Güdelgen Davids, the "s" at the end of the second name is just a harmless genitive that emphasizes the patronymic form - and so it is in the letter of protection from 1712. I have often encountered such genitive patronyms previously (Simons, Abrahams, Isaaks, Behrens etc.) among Jewish names in northwestern Lower Saxony (Oldenburg) and Denmark, which does not necessarily mean that Güdelgen comes from there. In your case, too, we may be lucky with a tombstone, but I do not know the old Jewish cemetery in Bückeburg and hope that the Heidelberg colleague will help me with this as well.
Beyond the - so far indirect - connection to the Heine family, there are more indications. If I remember correctly, the well-known court factor Leffmann Behrens Cohen in Hanover claims in a letter to the Counts von Schaumburg-Lippe that Isaak Heine in Bückeburg was his "Vetter" (maybe here that does actually mean "cousin"). These older connections among the leading families in Schaumburg-Lippe and Hanover are still almost completely in the dark. As for the origins of the Heine family, I already have some materials that were previously completely unknown, but these are not yet ready for publication. There is still a lot to discover...
Kind regards for today
Bernd-Wilhelm Tue Aug 20 18:59:49 2002
 Translator’s note: The main branch of the state archive of Lower Saxony is in the city of Hanover. The state archive has other branches, one of which is in the town of Bückeburg.
 Translator’s note: Schaumburg was a medieval county founded in the 12th century. It is called a county because it was ruled by a count. It was amalgamated with Lippe, to become the county of Schaumburg-Lippe in 1647. In 1807 Schaumburg-Lippe became a principality; and from 1871 it was a state within the German Empire.
 Translator’s note: The German word “Vetter” means cousin. I believe what Linnemeier is saying is that maybe Leffmann Behrens Cohen and Isaak Heine really are first cousins.

domain: history


text:
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domain: law


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Also Read: SSD Price In Nepal
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Also check out HP laptop price in Nepal
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I hope this comprehensive article provides valuable insights into Lenovo laptop prices in Nepal and helps you make an informed decision. Happy laptop hunting!


text:
The Israeli firm has also said that a finance subsidiary is making an offering of $1 billion in debentures, due 2024. Teva expects to use the net proceeds from the offering to refinance short-term bank borrowings incurred to pay a portion of the purchase price for SICOR.
SICOR brings to Teva a complementary stable of generics, but also the capability to manufacture biogenerics. This is an area with significant long-term growth potential; there are currently no approved biogenerics in the world's main pharmaceutical markets, mainly because of the difficulties in mapping out a regulatory route for their approval.
The acquisition will also give Teva a strong position in the field of injectable generics. Last year, around three quarters of SICOR's $455 million (€366m) turnover came from its injectable operations. The Israeli firm also has a growing API business, providing another strategic fit from the merger.

domain: finance


text:
How much Netflix did you watch this week? Any YouTube? What about Amazon Prime Video? Maybe some Disney+?
With 87% of all the world’s students (over a billion and a half young people) now unable to attend class because of nationwide school closures in 165 countries, families are adapting to the new “at home” reality – school at home, work at home, life at home.
Last week I wrote the “Lost School Year” about how kids, families, and educators are adjusting to learning at home. While we all need to think about how to educate our kids during this pandemic, we also need to think about how to entertain them.
Entertainment is arguably more important than ever. The 24/7 news cycle with wall-to-wall COVID-19 coverage can be maddening, even terrifying. Entertainment has always been an escape and given the current crisis, we can all use a much-needed break. Unfortunately, every industry has been impacted by COVID-19 – including the entertainment industry.
According to one estimate from The Hollywood Reporter, the global box office has already lost at least $7 billion. If the remainder of March, April and May are included, lost revenue would add another $10 billion, making a total loss of approximately $17 billion. And this number will certainly grow as the crisis continues past May. No doubt about it, Hollywood is in unchartered territory. A real-life horror movie no studio exec wants to watch, the Great Hollywood Shutdown will also impact hundreds of live-action productions for movies and TV shows that we love and have been waiting to see – from the next James Bond movie to your favorite episode of Law & Order.
As Hollywood Shuts Down, Streaming Takes Off
While movies and TV productions are being shuttered, the one bright spot in the entertainment industry is streaming. I’m a big believer that we are in the midst of a direct-to-consumer (DTC) revolution that will fundamently change every industry, company and customer experience. The pandemic is accelerating the shift to DTC, escpecially for industries that have been slow-walking it or worse, resisting it outright. Education and the mad scramble to finding DTC learning at home solutions is a case in point. Another is the entertainment industry. Media companies are now tossing out the old playbooks and adapting to consumer demand. Just look at how quickly Disney is moving, bringing Frozen 2 and the most recent Pixar movie Onward to streaming on its Disney+ service in record time.
We are about to enter the golden age of streaming. With cord cutting on the rise, consumer are switching to over-the-top (OTT) streaming options in droves. The coronavirus will only accelerate this.
The migration to a direct-to-consumer model for entertainment isn’t just a US phenomenon, by the way – it’s happening globally. As the #1 Wall Street media analyst Rich Greenfield of LightShed Partners has been predicting for years with his Twitter campaign #GoodLuckBundle, cable TV’s days are numbered and streaming will ultimately dominate.
Measurement company Nielsen’s most recent Total Audience Report showed that in Q4 2019 19% of all video content is being viewed via streaming OTT players. Of that 19%, the usual suspects dominate. 72% of all streaming is being done on Netflix (31%), YouTube (21%), Hulu (12%) and Amazon (8%). It will be interesting to see what this data looks like now that new players have entered the market such as Disney+ and Apple TV+. Of course, there are a host of new streaming players launching soon such as HBO Max (by AT&T unit WarnerMedia’s) and Peacock (by Comcast unit NBC Universal).
So now what happens to the entertainment industry with the Covid-19 pandemic? Animation to the rescue! While live-action productions require lots of people, props, and travel (both domestic and international) which aren’t feasible now, the animation industry has adjusted and has all the tools and resources to continue working from the comfort of home. That’s good news for streaming and even better news for kids!
The Future of Entertainment is Family Entertainment
A few months ago, Fast Company wrote a great article called “The Future of Kids Entertainment Will Determine The Future Of Entertainment”. This article now feels phophetic. Kids and family entertainment is the bright spot in the entertainment industry.
Netflix was smart to identify the importance of kids and family entertainment to streaming early on and has been investing aggresviely for years. The New York Times showcased how Netflix was going all out to wow children as the streaming wars intesified. Now others have woken up to this. Like Netflix, over the past couple of years, Amazon has been growing their animation budgets into the billions. Having acquired Sesame Street a few years ago, HBO is also making a big push into kids and family content. And then there’s Disney.
What Disney has done is nothing but extraordinary. After years of partnering with streaming players and seeing others lead in direct-to-consumer, Disney decided in March 2018 to restructure and reorganize the whole company around DTC. They announced they would take their content off of other platforms and exclusively invest in their own streaming service Disney+. With Disney films, Pixar, Marvel, Star Wars and more, many predicted the company that owns today’s most valuable family brands would have a winning service. And it did, signing up more 10 million subscribers on day one.
Demand for new content from consumers continues to boom, driving increasing demand from streaming providers. New players like Encantos, Moonbug, Pocket.watch, and others are creating new family brands that are digital first and are fueling YouTube, Netflix, Amazon and the other OTT players. This has also led to an increase in M&A activity as companies try to lock in talent and content. Netflix acquired the StoryBots property and Sony acquired Silvergate Media. Even toymaker Hasbro acquired EntertainmentOne for a whopping $4 billion, driven largely by their kids properties like PeppaPig and PJ Masks. Indeed, everyone is fighting over the future of streaming: kids.
Not surprisingly, all of these investments have resulted in kids loving the streaming brands. In the most recent Brand Love study conducted by market research firm Smarty Pants, YouTube is number one followed by Netflix. The study measures “brand awareness, love, and popularity” among U.S. households with children ages 6-12. This has led to a hugeboom.
It’s A Streaming World Now, Especially For Generation Alpha
As Generation Alpha spends even more time at home consuming content, digital streaming platforms will continue to play an increasingly important role in their lives. Steaming is here to stay and every major player in the entertainment industry will need to find a way to engage Gen Alpha and the ever-growing needs of families watching from home.

domain: entertainment


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Gary Springer was a star growing up in the Harlem area in New York. Played for the prestigious Riverside Hawks AAU program and played at various playgrounds in Manhattan in the 70’s.
His fame started at Ben Franklin High School in East Harlem. He played for the legendary head coach Stan Diner. Springer became a huge part of Franklin becoming a preseason number one national ranking for the 1979-80 season. He was first team All-City in 1980 and decided to attend Iona College.
The 6-foot-7 forward played at Iona College under Pat Kennedy who was one of the best recruiters in the country. Springer had an outstanding freshman campaign in which he averaged 19.9 points and 8.5 rebounds per game in 1981.
Springer won the Haggerty Award which is an annual award for the New York City metropolitan area’s most outstanding men’s college basketball player. He went on to earn varsity letters all four years at Iona. During his four-year tenure, he tallied 1,866 points and grabbed 1,021 rebounds in his career.
Springer helped the Gaels reach the 1982 and 1983 NIT and NCAA tournament in 1984. He was announced as a three-time honorable mention All-American, a three-time All-Metro Atlantic Athletic Conference, and a four-time All-Metropolitan Area choice.
In 1984 he was drafted by the Philadelphia 76ers in the sixth round. However, due to injuries, he never played and took his talents to Puerto Rico to play for the Coquis in the CBA.
Springer was the best to come from Harlem, he was problem in his day killing opponents. He had some outstanding epic games against Ed Pinckney, Roosevelt Chapman, Fred Brown, Sidney Green, and the best to play in the NYC. He played with the best as well, with Richie Adams, Kenny Hutchinson, and Walter Berry at Franklin.
Then, at Iona he played with Steve Burtt to bring excitement to the program.
We salute Gary for his contributions to his talents from New York City. Currently, his three sons, Gary Jr., who starred at Iona in the mid-2000s, Jordan played for Army in the early 2010s and Jaden, who played at Tennessee and was selected in the first round of the 2021 NBA Draft by the Philadelphia 76ers.
In 2003, Springer was inducted into the Iona College Goal Club Hall of Fame as one of the top players in the history of the men’s basketball program. We give Gary his flowers for giving the New York City basketball community some great moments.


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It’s the first of the month so that means new coupons on our favorite sites!
Printable Coupons at Coupon Network
$0.50 off Reece’s Puff’s Cereal
$0.50 off 2 Betty Crocker Suddenly Salad
$0.50 off 2 Betty Crocker Fruit Roll Ups (BOGO at Publix with the new ad)
$1.00 off 2 General Mills Cereal
These coupons don’t have the instructions and address on them that the merchant requires.

domain: food


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In the the 17th century, two lines of the Dutton family left Cheshire to come to America. As was the case for many other emigrants, the Dutton's were fleeing the religious persecution that came with being Quakers. Although unproven at this time, it is thought the first to come was John Dutton and his wife Mary, who emigrated with their children to New England in 1630 where their line became known as the Dutton's of Massachusetts. It is known for certain that their son Thomas was living in Reading Massachusetts in 1648. For more information on this line, see the links at the bottom of this page.
In 1682, John Dutton with his wife, Mary Darlington, and their four children came to America and settled on a 500 acre tract in Aston Township, Chester County, Pennsylvania which was adjacent to Philadelphia County. This line, which became known as the Duttons of Pennsylvania, is the one that is documented here.
DUTTON, John b 1647 Overton Township, Cheshire, England d 4 May 1693 Aston Township, Delaware County, Pennsylvania
m ca. 1674 Mary Darlington b ca. 1650 d 1717 Aston, Chester, Pennsylvania
John came to America in 1682. The Surveyor General directed the following order to his deputy in Chester County (a.k.a. Upland):
By order and Directions from the Governor for setting out Lands to the Purchasers in Pennsylvania, &c; I hereby Authorize thee to survey or lay out to Tho: Rowlands' assign four handred and eighty acres on the western side of Upland Creek, next to Nathanield Evans; and next lay out to John Warel two hundred and forty acres; and next lay out to John Neild two hundred and forty acres; and next John Edge, one hundred and twenty; and return to me true Duplicate of the ffield work and Protrracted ffigures which are to remain in my office. (Dated the 10th of ye 7 mo.,1682)
The following return was made:
October the 8th 1682. Laid out for John Dutton 500 of Land on the west side of Upland creek, beginning at Nathaniel Evans' corner tree, &c.
Mary Dutton's mark:
After John's death Mary married John Neeld (also Neild or Neald)
DUTTON, John b 25 October 1675 Overton Township, Cheshire, England d ca. 1736 Delaware County Pennsylvania
m 11 Oct 1704 Elizabeth Kingsman b 6 Sep 1685 d ca. 1745
m 14 Feb 1701 Leusy Barnott b 2 Feb 1681, daughter of Richard and Frances Barnard of Aston
m 11 Jun 1701 Concord, Pennsylvania Gwin Williams (the marriage date is for the couples second declaration of their intention to marry. This was at a Monthly Meeting held at Nicholas Pyle's)
m 9 Dec 1707 Chichester, Pennsylvania Ann Brown
On 15 June 1712 Robert purchased 100 acres of land from his mother, his father having died in 1693. The land was located in Chester County and came to his father by way of Thomas Rowland who had purchased it from William Penn as is described in the deed. Their signatures from the deed follow (not to scale):
m 4 Aug 1733 Chichester Monthly Meeting Prudence Reynolds b 16 Jan 1713, daughter of Francis Reynolds and Elizabeth Acton
DUTTON, Kingsman b ca. 1711 Ashton Township, Delaware County, Pennsylvania d ca. 1765
m bef. 7 Jan 1736/37 Ann Routh b 1721 Chester County, Pennsylvania, daughter of Francis and Barbara Routh
Kingsman, who was a carpenter, inherited 200 acres of land in Chichester township. On this land he erected a two-story brick house which was still standing in 1930 (pictured at right). It was located near the east branch of Chichester creek, about half a mile from the south west corner of Aston township, Delaware County. In the east gable is a stone bearing the initials D., K. & A., and the date 1753. The ruins of a sawmill are nearby or at least they were in 1871.
Kingsman died in testate before 29 July 1765. The probate records indicate that Ann was most likely his wife at his death as she was the administratrix of his estate. No mention of the land that Kingsman inherited from his mother is made in the records. It most likely was already deeded to the eldest son, possibly Kingsman. The following signatures appeared on one of the records.
DUTTON, Jacob b ca. 1713 d shortly before 16 Aug 1749 when letters of administraction on his estate were granted to his widow Hannah
m 21 Oct 1742 Elizabeth Smith, daughter of Thomas Smith of Birmingham township
All of these children are mentioned in Joseph's will
m 27 Dec 1756 Old Swedes Church, Wilmington, Delaware Ruth Watson d bef. 15 Jun 1763
My family records, which are 70 to 120 years old, and several other genealogies have Ruth Watson as the second wife of Kingsman Dutton of generation 41 above. This genealogy reflects an additional generation were Ruth Watson is married to the son Kingsman Dutton of generation 41, also named Kingsman. This contention is supported by probate records for Kingsman Dutton of generation 41 that indicate that Ann was still the wife of that Kingsman at his death (she was the administratrix for his estate). Additionally, a probate record for Ruth (Watson) Dutton dated 15 June 1763 in Chester County has also been uncovered. It tells us that she was a widow at the time of her death and that she had a minor son named Kingsman. It was signed by Kingsman Dutton who almost certainly was her father in-law. Also, Samuel Dutton, the grandson of Kingsman (b ca. 1737), reported that his father (Kingsman b 1759) was born in Delaware (previously Chester) County which is where the Dutton land is located.
DUTTON, Francis b ca. 1745 d 1840 Shepherdstown, Belmont County, Ohio
m 17 Apr 1775 Old Swedes Church, Wilmington, Delaware Hannah Talbot b Middletown Township, Chester County, Pennsylvania
m Lydia Booth
DUTTON, David b ca. 1756 Chester County, Pennsylvania d 1837 Harrisville, Ohio
m 1 Oct 1778 Old Swedes Church, Wilmington, Delaware Hannah Rogers b 1761 Chester County, Pennsylvania d 14 Nov 1837 Harrisville Ohio, daughter of Robert Rogers and Mary Talbot who's sister was Hannah Talbot above.
m Jane Bishop d 24 Aug 1828, daughter of Thomas Bishop and Margaret
DUTTON, Joseph b Aug 1763 d May 1827
m Mary Davis b 17 Apr 1764 d 15 Mar 1847
DUTTON, Kingsman b 5 Feb 1759 Delaware County Pennsylvania d 24 Feb 1837 Hockingport, Athens County, Ohio
m 1784 Mary Craig b 21 Nov 1763 Delaware County Pennsylvania d 1834 Hockingport, Athens County, Ohio
It is likely that Kingsman changed his name to Kinsman as sentiment against the King of England rose just prior to the American Revolutionary War as evidenced by the signature below. His son's name may have also been Kinsman.
Kingsman served two tours of duty in the Chester County, Pennsylvania militia during the American Revolution. He first enrolled in 1777 in Captain James Thompson's 7th Company of the 6th Battalion. His second tour started in 1781 as a private in Captain James McClaskey's 7th Company of the 7th Battalion. The information is from the records of the Office of the Comptroller General of Pennsylvania. The records ascribe Kingsman's residence as Aston Township.
After the war Kingsman moved to Frederick County, Virginia in 1787/88. The family then moved three or four times, staying in Hampshire County for at least five years (1794 to 1798), but ending up back in Frederick County. In November or December of 1802, they moved to Wood County, Virginia and settled 2½ miles up the Kanawha. Four years later on 11 Dec 1806, they made their final move to Troy Township, Athens County, Ohio. Kingsman and Mary are buried in the Hockingport Cemetery.
According to Samuel Dutton, the Dutton's were the third family to settle in Troy Township. They were preceded by Benjamin Hoyt who kept a tavern and Jacob Humphrey who had a house and two acres at the mouth of Four Mile Run. At the time the area was almost all unbroken forestand and was filled with wild game. The pioneers would hunt deer, bears, turkeys, and coons for meat.
In addition to being a farmer Kingsman was a blacksmith and barrel maker. He also owned several pirogues and flatboats. He and his son Samuel ran a business moving settlers up the stream as far Logan and sometimes almost to Lancaster.
The Dutton farm was located next to the Ohio River and it remained in the Dutton family for almost 150 years. For most of that time, the family lived in a house built on a rise that gave a view of the river.
DUTTON, David b ca. 1781 d 22 March 1816 Highland County, Ohio
m ca. 1798 Tennessee Phoebe Ellis b ca. 1775 d 23 July 1821 Fayette County, Ohio
DUTTON, Robert b 2 Sep 1788 d 20 Apr 1845 Harrison County, Ohio
m 13 Jun 1811 Harrisville, Ohio Abigail Matson b ca. 1790 d 2 Mar 1831, daughter of Nehemiah Matson
m 2 Oct 1833 Anna Wharton b 1800 d 28 Oct 1869, daughter of Ezra and Martha Wharton
Robert was one of the founders of Harrisville. In addition to farming, he was a wagon maker.
DUTTON, David b 29 Jan 1792 d 1834 Washington County, Ohio
m Mary Rogers, daughter of John Rogers
DUTTON, James b 6 Mar 1785 Delaware County, Pennsylvania d 2 May 1828 Sinking Spring, Highland County, Ohio
m 25 May 1815 Pike County, Ohio Elizabeth West b 1783
James and Elizabeth were reported to have had five sons and two daughters from one source. This is partially confirmed by a listing of his heirs in the will of his brother John: David Dutton, Abraham Gal, Jonathon Dutton, James Dutton, Joseph Staley, Malinda Staley, Morgan Gall, Calvin Dutton. This would suggest four sons and three daughters assuming Malinda (Dutton) Staley was the wife of Joseph Staley and Abraham Gall and Morgan Gall were the husbands of the other two.
James moved to Ross County Ohio in the spring of 1807. He is buried in the Suter Cemetery on the Garmar Farm presumably in Highland County, Ohio.
m 22 Dec 1808 Joel Wolfe b 10 Jul 1787 d 10 Sep 1846.
Jane the Joel are reported to have had six sons and four daughters. Only the six mentioned above are known.
m 1 Feb 1826 Miriam Parsons b 22 Feb 1796 d 8 Jan 1840, daughter of Horace and Sarah Parsons.
John and Miriam are buried in the Hockingport Cemetery
DUTTON, Kinsman b 26 Jun 1791 Frederick County, West Virginia d 1823 Hockingport, Ohio
m 21 Mar 1822 Athens County, Ohio Nancy Paulk b ca. 1798, daughter of Cyrus Paulk and Eunice Parsons
Nancy was the sister of Susan below who married Craig.
DUTTON, Samuel b 8 Feb 1794 Hampshire County, Virginia d 7 Feb 1883 Hockingport, Athens County, Ohio
m 18 Jan 1821 Nancy Brookhart b 15 Nov 1800 d 10 Feb 1861 Hockingport, Athens County, Ohio, daughter of Abram and Mary Magdalene (Koehler) Brookhart
Samuel was a prominent citizen in the area. He served several time as a township trustee from 1838 to 1854. When Samuel was 84, he wrote a history of his father's family. Samuel and Nancy are buried in the Hockingport Cemetery. The following signature is from a book that made its way to him through many hands.
DUTTON, Craig b 19 Jun 1796 Hampshire County, Virginia d 3 Nov 1866 Hockingport, Ohio
m 15 Feb 1825 Athens County, Ohio Susan Paulk b 16 Jun 1794 Springfield, Massachusetts d 24 Mar 1886 Hockingport, Ohio, daughter of Cyrus Paulk and Eunice Parsons
Craig and Susan are buried in the Hockingport Cemetery. Susan was the sister of Nancy who married Kinsman above.
m 21 Mar 1830 Thomas Bay
Mary and Thomas lost three children in infancy. Mary and most likely Thomas are buried in the Garden Cemetery, Meigs County, Ohio
m 15 Jun 1824 John Leonard Sawyer b 7 Sep 1795 d 7 Oct 1859
Ruth and John are buried in the Hockingport Cemetery.
m 8 Sep 1824 Highland County, Ohio Lydia Barrett b 1803 d 26 Sep 1848 Fairfield County, Ohio
m 16 Oct 1850 Athens County, Ohio Martha A. Waterman, daughter of David and Maria (Eckert) Waterman
Maria and Ida appear in the 1860 census for Olive township, Meigs County, Ohio. Ida, Jennie, and David appear in the 1870 census for the same location. Maria may have married by then. Jennie should have been in the 1860 census. Martha was a teacher and the granddaughter of Dr. Waterman, a surgeon in the Revolutionary War. The wife of Dr. Waterman, was a daughter of Josiah Bartlett who signed the Declaration of Independence.
A biography of the family appears in History of Meigs County, Ohio 1838. Craig is buried in the Hockingport Cemetery.
DUTTON, Lydia E. b 9 Jun 1824 Hockingport, Athens County, Ohio d 5 Feb 1868
m 28 Nov 1847 Athens County, Ohio John Palmer b 12 Feb 1824 Washington County, Ohio d 1902
James Augustus b ca. 1860
John and Lydia are buried in the Hockingport Cemetery. When his mother died, James went to live with his uncle James. When his first cousin Edwin's boys were old enough they went to live with James in preparation for attending the University of Ohio in Athens.
DUTTON, James Brookhart b 21 Nov 1821 Hockingport, Athens County, Ohio d 10 May 1873 same
m 12 Oct 1853 Athens County, Ohio Hannah Humphrey b 30 June 1827 d 28 Mar 1886 Hockingport, Ohio, daughter of Isaac Humphrey
A picture of the children, taken in the late 1860's, is shown at the top of this page. James and Hannah are buried in the Hockingport Cemetery. James' signature is from a letter James wrote to his uncle. Hannah's signature is from her bible. She added Athens, 26 June 1853
m 2 Jan 1851 John Milton Parker b 13 Aug 1824 Berver County, Pennsylvania d 16 Oct 1905
Ethelinda and John are buried in the Hockingport Cemetery
m Emma C. McLane b 3 May 1832 d 5 Jan 1909
Charles, Emma, and their son are buried in the Hockingport Cemetery
m 18 Oct 1832 Miami County, Ohio Elizabeth Smith
m 22 Aug 1895 Jerusha Letcher Gray b ca. 1857 Augusta County, Virginia
David and Jerusha were married in Woods County, West Virginia by H. Cofer. The license was granted the day previous to the marriage. David is listed as 33, Jerusha as 38.
DUTTON, Clara Elizabeth b 21 Jun 1857 Hockingport, Ohio d 7 Apr 1892 Hockingport, Ohio
Clara ran a millinery shop in Hockingport, Ohio. She never married and is buried in the Hockingport Cemetery. The signature is from a school book she used.
DUTTON, Edwin Augustus b 26 Feb 1859 Hockingport, Athens County, Ohio d 31 Jan 1936 Columbus, Ohio
m 12 Nov 1884 Woods County, West Virginia Lethe Rebecca Curtis b 12 Nov 1858 d 1935
Edwin and Lethe are buried in the Hockingport Cemetery. The signature is from a school book that Edwin shared with his sister Clara.
In 1913, the Ohio River overflowed its banks and flooded Hockingport. The river is shown near or at its height on 30 March.
DUTTON, Lucy Irene b 5 Sep 1860 Hockingport, Ohio d 23 Aug 1901
Lucy never married and is buried in the Hockingport Cemetery. She's listed in the 1880 census as single and in the household of her mother. The following signature is from a book she owned.
In a companion volume, Lucy added 6 May 1886 and Chicago, Ill.
m 26 Oct 1887 Lottie Arabelle Cogshall b 8 Nov 1857 Iowa City, Iowa d 7 Oct 1939
DUTTON, Herbert Palmer b 1 May 1887 Hockingport, Ohio d 20 Apr 1947
m 16 Apr 1911 Athens County, Ohio Mary Estelle McGirr d after 20 Apr 1947
Herbert was responsible for organizing the Farm Bureau Association in Athens County.
DUTTON, Clarence Edwin b 1 May 1894 Hockingport, Ohio d Sep 1968
m 13 Jul 1922 Worthington, Ohio Helen Marie Garaghty b 25 Sep 1893 Caroll, Ohio
DUTTON, Walter Curtis b 27 July 1889 Hockingport, Ohio d 2 Nov 1962 East Lansing, Michigan
m Marie Graham England b 20 April 1889 Logan, Ohio d 24 May 1969 San Mateo, California
Walter graduated from the University of Ohio in Athens, and was a horticulturist for Dow Chemical in East Lansing, Michigan.
m 9 Sep 1916 Annie Lee Atkinson b 4 Jun 1894
DUTTON, Joseph Curtis b 11 Dec 1924 Columbus, Ohio d 1 Sep 2002 Mansfield, Ohio
m 1948 JoAnn Evans d 1995
Information on Joseph's family is from an Obituary that appeared in the Marysville Journal-Tribune on 8 Nov 2003.
DUTTON, Charles Edwin b 26 Feb 1918 Lansing, Michigan d 20 Dec 1979 Palo Alto, California
m 2 Sep 1944 San Francisco, California Ellie Hathaway Stillmanb private Manila, Philippines
Charles (Ned) was a psychologist who practiced in Stockton and Palo Alto, California.
DUTTON, Steven Stillman b private Stockton, California
m 13 Sep 1991 Hanover, Germany Klaudia Drechsler
DUTTON, Greg Bartlett b private Stockton, California
m 27 May 1978 West Linn, Washington Barbara Buchanan b Grandview, Washington
DUTTON, Travis Harrison
DUTTON, Alexander Ian

domain: geography


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(Hours for Drivers License 9:00am to 3:30pm M-F)
First Time Driver’s License
We can convert your Temporary Instructional Permit (TIP) to a Class E learner’s permit. You’ll need proof of school attendance (a letter from the school, high school diploma, or GED certificate) and proof of completed driver’s education course and written exam, and your parent or legal guardian.
Easily convert your learner’s permit to a first time driver’s license. You’ll need your current learner’s permit, certificate of enrollment from school, original certified birth certificate, sealed road skills test results, and your parent/legal guardian (with ID).
Driver’s License & ID Renewals
Renew your driver’s license or state-issued identification card in fifteen minutes or less! Visit us on your lunch break or while you’re out running errands. There’s no need to set aside a whole day for renewal – we’ll take care of your renewal fast! Be sure to bring proof of current Louisiana insurance if you own a vehicle. Call for fees.
Driver’s License Reinstatement
If you’ve received a letter from the Office of Motor Vehicles or the Office of Debt Recovery stating that you owe fines due to a lapse in auto insurance, we can help. Our friendly team is available to assist you. Bring proof of current Louisiana insurance and any other documents that may be applicable (such as the ODR letter, a bill of sale if the vehicle in question was sold, or proof of continued insurance coverage through the dates in question).
Driver’s License and ID Replacements
Lost or stolen driver’s license/ID cards may be replaced. Replacement fee applies, and a new photo will be taken. Please remember to bring proof of current Louisiana insurance if you own a vehicle and are replacing a driver’s license.
As a Public Tag Agent, Jefferson Title is authorized by Louisiana R.S. 47:532.1 to collect a convenience fee in addition to any state fees and taxes required. Services for which this fee is collected are also offered at the office of motor vehicles without payment of the convenience fee. Notary Services are also offered at an additional fee. Please call Jefferson Title for information about fees charged.