History of Agile SCM
Prior to the February 2001 gathering in Snowbird, UT that resulted in the Agile Manifesto and the name "Agile Development Methods," Agile methods were called "lightweight" or "minimalist" methods. From 1995-2000, hardly anyone knew of any of them except for Extreme Programming (XP), though there were several others during that time (including Scrum, ASD, Crystal, DSDM, and FDD). Discussions of the application of SCM to such methods were fairly limited:
· XP had declared a set of 4 values, along with some principles & practices, and was quickly gaining popularity (and notoriety). On occasion, the moniker eXtreme CM (or XCM) might have been bandied about a few times on a handful of mailing-lists.
· Any mention of SCM for these development methods typically referred only to a small handful of CM-related practices (e.g., continuous integration) and how to create a CM environment (with a strong emphasis on tools & tooling) that would enable those methods and empower the team.
· Rapid Application Development (RAD) was around before Agile & XP came on the block, as were collaborative development environments. And again, almost all mentions of SCM in these contexts were in the form of enabling these kinds of project environments with tools and procedures (mostly tools).
To our knowledge, the term "Agile SCM" was first coined in 2000-2002 by Brad Appleton and Steve Berczuk (before "Agile" was trendy & popular) while collaborating together on their SCM Patterns book , and in a subsequent appendix they wrote for Ann Hass' book on SCM Principles and Practices . Being part of the software patterns community in the late 1990's made both Brad & Steve privy to numerous discussions with, and review-drafts of papers from Agile pioneers such as Kent Beck, Ward Cunningham, Martin Fowler, Alistair Cockburn, Robert Martin, Michael Beedle, and others who would later found the Agile movement, create the Agile manifesto, and author the first books on eXtreme Programming, Refactoring, and Scrum. Some of those early discussions (prior to 2000) even took place on the original wiki-web (first created by Ward Cunningham), and many of those discussions are still chronicled there (albeit rather dated by now).
Interest in, and articles about, Agile SCM seemed to grow slowly at best from 2000-2004. About the only other folks writing specifically about Agile/XP and SCM were Darcy Weber (CM Strategies for RAD), Christensen (Tracking Change in Rapid and eXtreme Development), and Bendix & Ekman (see the ASCM project). The CMCrossroads community & portal sprouted at that time, as did the CMWiki-web. There were some initial exploratory (and heated) discussions there on some of the forums (and also the version-control mail list, when it still existed). In April 2003 the CM Journal had its first issue devoted to the topic of Agility and the following month gave birth to the regular "Agile SCM" column.
Somewhere near the end of 2004, there was a small spurt in articles on the subject (by authors other than articles and presentations by Steve, Brad, and Rob, and the annual CM Journal issue devoted to that particular subject). Several SCM tool vendors strarted to enter the SCM+Agile arena at that time and offered whitepapers and marketing geared towards an Agile audience. Since 2005, interest in "Agile" SCM has been growing a bit more quickly, no doubt due to the popularity of the "Agile" buzzword becoming more main stream and making its way into more organizations and SCM tools marketing.
Also in 2005, the greater project management community began to build momentum toward embracing Agile techniques and values, and their manifesto-like Declaration of Interdependence (DOI) was born. Since software CM has close ties with both project management and development, the DOI helped strengthen connections between CM with agile and project management, and Scrum is quickly becoming the most widely adopted Agile method. Increased economic trends towards globalization have also increased the focus on collaboration & feedback across geographically dispersed sites. The subject of scaling agile methods became the most popular in the Agile community during 2005 and 2006. So it is clear that much more "Agile SCM" history no doubt remains to be written.
What is Agile SCM?
Our definition of Agile SCM has not changed dramatically over the past 5 years. It is more than just CM for an Agile project, and encompasses attaining agility within the CM process itself. In addition to enabling an Agile project environment, true Agile CM requires taking on an Agile mind-set embodied by the Agile manifesto, applying that with Lean principles and techniques (including Theory of Constraints, and even parts of Six Sigma) and combining it with the principles and discipline of configuration management. The challenge of Agile CM comes when attempting to reconcile apparent conflict between Agile/Lean values and principles with CM principles and discipline. A synergistic balance must be achieved that attains the goals of both without compromising the values of either one.
"Agile" names a family of methods (rather than one particular method), that includes Feature-Driven Development (FDD), Scrum, Extreme Programming (XP), Crystal Clear, DSDM, and others. Some of the various agile methods have very significant differences, but they all share the common values and principles of the Agile manifesto. Very often people use "Agile" as a synonym for XP and/or think that all agile methods are more-or-less like XP (because XP is what they typically hear the most about, and often has the most "attitude" to go with it). FDD and XP for example are markedly different, yet both share the values and principles espoused by the Agile Manifesto.
In addition to holding common "Agile" values and principles, much of the theory and application behind Agile methods has its roots in the principles and techniques of Lean Production and the Theory of Constraints or TOC (including Critical Chain). These days, Six Sigma has fashioned a "merger" with Lean called (surprise) "Lean Six Sigma" (or just "Lean Sigma") that has paved the way for certain aspects of Six Sigma to "leak into" what it means for "CM" to be Agile.
Agile SCM is not CM-Lite!
The basic CM principles are the same. Some new principles/tenets are added to create new requirements, and a resulting new style to go with it in order to match projects having those additional requirements. There can even be a (more or less) common core set of practices, but the way they are instantiated and the additional practices and techniques and mind-set still create a different result. One size does not fit all kinds of projects. Just because a core set of principles may be the same doesn't mean everything else about it is.
To reiterate: Agile SCM takes nothing away from traditional SCM but seeks to achieve the same results in perhaps a slightly different manner while remaining true to the basic principles of SCM. So it builds upon traditional SCM and still contains the traditional SCM non-development activities of configuration planning, identification, control, status-accounting, audit & review, build & release management, and the corresponding process for managing those activities.
Agile SCM does however inject the agile mind-set (and some would say paradigm-shift) into the discipline of CM. With that, comes an emphasis on flow and throughput of the project value-stream, and operating in service to that and to those who create value. Sometimes this has led to the slogan, “Add nothing but value, remove nothing but waste!" when it comes to any form of process change or improvement in a Lean/Agile environment.
One way in which the mindset can manifest itself in SCM is in emphasizing flow more than discrete events (e.g., rigid baselines, and authorization/access controls), and treating the integrated "whole" as greater than the sum of its separately assembled parts. This can be difficult for many to adopt, particularly when it comes to practices like continuous integration and test-driven development using fine-grained tasks and many commits and integrations during the lifetime of the complete implementation of a requested feature, fix or enhancement.
The agilemanifesto.org states the following: We are uncovering better ways of developing software by doing it and helping others do it. Through this work we have come to value:
- Individuals and interactions over processes and tools
- Working software over comprehensive documentation
- Customer collaboration over contract negotiation
- Responding to change over following a plan
That is, while there is value in the items on the right, we value the items on the left more. We propose some equivalents or alternatives that add value to SCM.
Individuals and Interactions Suitably Supported by Processes and Tools
SCM processes and tools should support the way that you work, not the other way around. Often, the reason behind frustrating SCM processes is trying to impose an overly-rigid process on a team, or attempting to use a tool that imposes a process into an organization that is not what the organization needs. SCM must be done in service to the flow of the value-stream and those who create value. It must achieve goals like repeatability, reproducibility and even traceability without compromising flow as a result.
One view of agile methods is that it is a license to hack and requires less discipline than traditional methods. In fact the reverse is true: agile methods typically require greater discipline and skills than traditional methods. A key tenet of Lean methods is that in order to move fast you can't afford errors and problems and thus need to be rigorous.
Applying this to SCM suggests that better understanding of SCM principles and tool usage by individuals and encouraging them, or making it easier, to do the right thing, is better than enforcing the process and absolutely forbidding the wrong thing.
Working Software and CM Processes over Comprehensive Documentation
CM supports the production of working software, but the challenge is to automate and ensure that appropriate processes are used that do not require huge process documentation.
Applying this also to the system being produced, we seek to automate as much as possible the production of supporting documentation (such as traceability reports). Information should not be repeated, and there should be a single master version.
Customer Collaboration over Contract Negotiation
SCM can facilitate communication and interaction among stakeholders and help manage expectations. The appropriate tools and processes can provide customers with visibility into the status of a project and allow them to contribute to the project where appropriate.
We value transparency and traceability that is maintained by the tools without overburdening the practitioners
Responding to Change over Following a Plan
SCM is about facilitating change, not preventing it. Use SCM policies and structures that allow your development team to progress at an appropriately rapid pace, but without losing control. Don't attempt too rigid a process or procedure. In conjunction with the first section on the importance of individuals, don't legislate for every last scenario in your process (all possible exceptions), but instead allow suitable experienced and trained individuals to make decisions in accordance with sound SCM principles.
The full list is at: agilemanifesto.org/principles.html
We have selected and adapted those that we consider the most relevant:
· Our highest priority is to satisfy the customer by maintaining the integrity of the software throughout its lifecycle, and making early and continuous delivery easy and simple to achieve.
· We welcome changing requirements because we can manage and control them in a light-weight, but consistent, way to harness change for the customer's competitive advantage.
· Change and configuration management are the responsibility of everyone involved in the project from business people to developers. SCM people must work with the rest of the team on a daily basis.
· Give individuals appropriate tools and environments to perform effective configuration management throughout the lifecycle.
· While agile processes encourage conveying information face-to-face, SCM requirements lead to some level of easily recording, tracking, and managing change to that information, preferring automation to manual processes.
· Working software is the primary measure of progress (not SCM metrics!).
· Agile processes promote sustainable development. The sponsors, developers, and users should be able to maintain a constant pace indefinitely.
· Continuous attention to (SCM) processes and systems enhances agility.
· Simplicity - the art of maximizing the amount of work not done - is essential.
· The best architectures, requirements, designs and SCM processes emerge from self-organizing teams with SCM responsibilities devolved.
· At regular intervals, the team reflects on how to become more effective in their SCM processes and procedures, then tunes and adjusts its behavior accordingly. This includes taking incorporating ideas from Lean thinking, Theory of Constraints and other such initiatives.
Who are the Customers of SCM?
SCM is a foundation stone of development processes and underpins many aspects of software development. SCM is also an enabler of other processes and procedures. Thus the customers or stakeholders of SCM range from developers to QA, project management, release engineers, potentially auditors, and indirectly the end customers/business users.
Orderly Flow of Change and Evolution
SCM seeks to control change and we just need to make sure that this is adapted to consider the flow of change and ultimately the evolution of the system.
Systems that do not consider their evolution tend to become brittle and fragile, resistant to change. Activities such as refactoring can seem like unnecessary overheads, and yet their long term worth has been proven to many. Software must evolve gracefully, which requires supporting practices such as unit and acceptance test frameworks. Do your SCM processes have equivalent frameworks so that process can evolve in a well-supported manner?
Repeatability, Reproducibility, Traceability
Fundamental watchwords of SCM, and yet how are they achieved? If the effort is too high, then they become merely theoretical: "Yes I could reproduce the systems as released, but it is too much hassle and is it worth it?" This re-iterates the importance of appropriate automation (with unit tests or the equivalent), to ensure that systems can be advanced forwards or rolled backwards with faith and confidence.
Traceability should be something that can be satisfied at the touch of a button with information collected unobtrusively. It should not be at the cost of manual reporting and cross referencing, or of significant extra effort on a as part of their daily work by developers.
The 3 Pillars of (Vetruvian) Architecture
- Utilitas (utility): useful and usable (in terms of form, fit & function)
- Firmitas (firmness/durability) : product integrity (correct, consistent and complete)
- Venustas (beauty/aesthetics): simplicity and elegance of design
Note that for CM, all three of the pillars would apply to form, fit & function
These classic principles have influenced architects through ages, including Louis Sullivan, Le Corbusier and Mies van der Rohe with equivalent statements of "form follows function". As suggested by Jon Zingmark (), the notion of venustas is often neglected. One of the requirements is short lead-time in delivery of software which calls for more focus on what you are supposed to deliver than on how you deliver it. We should aim to abstract the principles as much as possible and to automate the low levels in order to take care of venustas as close to the customer needs as possible.
Aspiring to be Configuration Directors Rather than Configuration Managers
One idea to take on board is expressed by noted business author Charles Handy :
Go to the theatre and look at the programme. Everyone connected with the performance is listed, no matter how small their contribution. People like to be recognised as individuals. The word "manager" is reserved for those in charge of things, not people, the stage manager and the lighting manager. The people who are in direct communication with the customer, the actors, are directed, not managed, by someone who actually leaves the scene once the project is under way. He or she trusts the cast to go it alone, and as often as not, they improve on the production once the director departs. Trust inspires. One more thing - at the end of each performance they receive an expression of appreciation from their audience, direct feedback from the people who matter. No waiting for the annual performance appraisal.
Thus we can manage configurations of CIs, but we work with other people in the development team to direct the overall configuration and delivery according to CM requirements.
What can we do as SCM professionals to direct our teams to achieve SCM principles in an agile manner, without seeking to control every last action?
What training, education, inspiration, vision and support are necessary to achieve this? How can we empower the team members and let appropriate organization emerge from within the team and yet satisfy the traditional requirements of CM. The challenge is to get really involved with the team and work as part of the whole effort. This is something that experienced CM professionals have long been doing, but we all know how easy it is to slip back into a somewhat "ivory tower" mode, where we can almost be viewed as adversaries of the development team, people who "get in the way" of them doing their job.
Conclusions About Agile SCM, and Next Time: Part Deux!
Agile SCM is about having an Effective SCM process that helps get work done by establishing and ensuring the orderly, efficient flow of software development change & collaboration. Our aim with this article is to advance the cause and definition of "Agile CM". Anything claiming to be "Agile" needs to legitimately embrace the ideals of collaboration and the human element that Agile emphasizes, as well as Lean principles and techniques, including some heaping helpings of Theory of Constraints (including Critical Chain) and [Lean] Six-Sigma as they apply to CM and the "throughput" of change-flow, and change management.
The term "Agile" and the ideas behind it are no better or different from other labels (often called "fads") like Object-Orientation or [software/design] Patterns. They had lots of hype and buzz and they had some legitimate improvements to contribute to the state of the practice (even if the ideas themselves weren't new - that's not necessary in order to have great impact/influence). But once everything was all "hyped out" they faded into the woodwork, as a natural, acknowledged, part of the fundamental knowledge we should use and apply everyday.
Many tools/vendors are already headed in that direction, and have recognized the trend foretold by Tom Friedman (The World is Flat), Peter Fingar (Extreme Competition) and others like Dan Pink, John Seely Brown, and more. With CollabNet, MS VSTS and Rational Jazz, the emphasis is on connecting and collaborating. Ways of doing software development and CM that fail to acknowledge that, and at least the first five of what Steve McConnell calls the ten most important ideas in software engineering are going to have a tougher go of things than they have in the past.
As to whether or not "Agile CM" legitimately exists in its own right, that is determined by the people who end up actually doing it, and we count ourselves as well as other contributors to CMCrossroads as amongst the vanguard (although some would call it good practice as opposed to "Agile"!). Just as there are many different styles of architecture, and each has its appropriate context and use, so too are there different styles of CM, each with its appropriate context and use. There is more than one way (style) of doing good CM (and many more ways of doing it badly), and not all good ways will have the same style, nor should they.
The proof of the pudding, as ever, remains in the eating, and we thus welcome contributions/comments as to our success or otherwise of our efforts so far!
Next time we will be looking at the application and relevance of ideas from Lean Development, TOC, Six Sigma, and will also consider applying agile ideas to Change Control and CCB aspects of CM, as well as Value based software engineering (VBSE)
 Agile Configuration Management Environments; by Brad Appleton; CM Journal, April 2003 (Vol 2. No. 4). Also a March 2004 presentation to C-SPIN (the Chicago Software Process Improvement Network).
 The Agile Difference for SCM; by Brad Appleton, Robert Cowham and Steve Berczuk; CM Journal, October 2004 (Vol 3. No. 10).
 "Balancing CM and Agility" CMCrossroads.com [General CM] forum, July 2005
 "CM in an Agile Development Environment", CMCrossroads.com [General CM] forum, May 2005
 "Spiral Development", CMCrossroads.com [General CM] forum, May 2006
 "What Needs to Change in CM for 2007?", CMCrossroads.com [General CM] forum, January 2007
 Software Configuration Management Patterns: Practical Teamwork, Effective Integration; by Stephen P. Berczuk and Brad Appleton; Addison-Wesley, November 2002.
 Agile SCM by Steve Berczuk and Brad Appleton; "Appendix C" in Configuration Management Principles and Practice by Ann Hass; Addison-Wesley, December 2002
 Software Configuration Management in Agile Methods; by Juha Kosklea; ESPOO 2003, VTT Publications 514, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland (ISBN 951-38-6260-7)
 Lean Software Development: An Agile Toolkit; by Mary and Tom Poppendieck; Addison-Wesley, May 2003.
 Agile Management for Software Engineering: Applying the Theory of Constraints for Business Results; by David J. Anderson; Addison-Wesley, September 2003.
 Lean-based Metrics for Agile CM Environments; by Brad Appleton, Robert Cowham and Steve Berczuk; CM Journal, March 2007 (Vol. 6 No. 3).
 Myself and Other More Important Matters, by Charles Handy, Arrow Books, 2007 (ISBN 9780099481881).
 Private email by Jon Zingmark.


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Men who had minimally invasive surgery for prostate cancer may have a higher rate of survival, according to findings published in the journal Cancer.
In an effort to better understand how to reduce the mortality rate in prostate cancer patients, researchers compared a localized surgical procedure to the use of external-beam radiation and hormonal treatments.
The results showed that those who opted for hormonal therapy were at least three times more likely to die from prostate cancer, while radiation patients had a mortality rate of more than two times higher of surgical patients. The team also found that those who opted for the surgery were less likely to suffer further spread of tumors or have the disease reoccur.
Peter R. Carroll, lead author of the study, stated that “this a clear signal to the physician community that prostatectomy should be considered for men with higher-risk prostate cancer.” He added that “in many cases, surgery would be part of a multimodal treatment approach, including adjuvant radiation or systemic treatments based on the pathology and early PSA response.”
In 2006, of the 203,415 men who had been diagnosed with prostate cancer, more than 28,000 patients died from the disease, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention report.

domain: medical


text: Overview of the MRI/NIRS System (image) The Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth Share Print E-Mail Caption This photo shows an overview of the MRI/near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) system. The NIRS system is housed in the MRI control room (a) and light is piped into the MRI suite for patient imaging using fiber optic cables (b). A combined MRI/NIRS breast coil (c) makes simultaneous MRI and NIRS imaging possible. Credit Photo courtesy of Norris Cotton Cancer Center Usage Restrictions None Share Print E-Mail Disclaimer: AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert system.


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domain: entertainment


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Hollywood, Beverly Hills, Disneyland, Alcatraz Island... Virtually everyone has heard of these attractions and all of them are located in the great state of California.
The second largest state in continental United States, California's geography is as rich and varied as everything else the state has to offer. Travellers whose interests lean more towards what nature has to offer will find Northern California an excellent destination for the towering sequoia trees and lush forests. Plenty of beaches, coastal trails and even Death Valley are waiting to be explored in Southern California.
If your tastes run more towards culture than nature, it will be hard to find just one spot in California to focus your attentions. Los Angeles is one of the cultural hubs of the world. The American movie industry is centered in this area with vast movie studios nestled in the hills below the famous Hollywood sign. San Francisco has long been a destination for many vacationers. Tourists spots such as Fisherman's Wharf and Alcatraz only add to the distinction that this very modern but classic city has in abundance. Napa Valley and Sonoma County are known to anyone who enjoys wine and fine cuisine. Many of the area's finest vineyards have expanded their offerings to include world-class hotels and restaurants as well as classes and tastings to help pass the hours.
Whether you are hoping to do some stargazing at a trendy Hollywood restaurant or camping on a mountainside, California is an ideal spot for a vacation of any length.

domain: travel


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I should be packing my backpack right now in preparation for my 8AM flight out of San Francisco airport tomorrow morning, which will begin my journey back to the Camino, but instead, I think I will procrastinate just a little bit more and write a post about cameras and photos on the Camino. However, I will attempt to keep it short.
With only a couple of exceptions (during the first couple of days on the Camino when I occasionally used a Sony digital camera), my photos were taken exclusively with the iPhone 5C that I purchased specifically for my journey on the Camino Francés last summer.
I used the following apps:
- standard “Camera” app that comes with the phone
(And as an FYI, is a photo of mine has any blur, in all likelihood, I used the HDR app.)
Post-Processing (Editing After the Fact)
I have found post-processing to be mostly unnecessary using those apps, although on occasion I enjoy adding effects like vignettes and I almost always add a simple 1px black frame before posting photos to my blog.
The one exception is with photos taken of sunny yellow/golden fields using the Pro HDR app; I have frequently found it necessary to de-saturate those photos and/or adjust the color because it tends to be greenish. On this year’s Camino, should I encounter any golden fields (which seems unlikely based on photos I’ve seen of my proposed itinerary), I will use the Camera+ app.
Sometimes I am completely shocked by the almost painting-like quality of the photos when I use the HDR app. The photo of Castrojeriz below is a good example. The photo on the left is completely unedited by me; that’s just how it turned out.
In the following example, the photo on the left is completely unedited and you can see, I added a little saturation to the photo on the right.
And one more example. The following photo was taken near San Nicolas del Real Camino on Day 18, which I haven’t yet created a post for. The one on the left is unedited and the one on the right is de-saturated so it’s more true-to-life:
Watermarking & Borders
I use BorderFX for iPhoto and have had to play around with it extensively to understand how to use it. I have yet to find a font in that program I absolutely love for watermarking, hence the different fonts on my watermarks.
Last year I backed up my photos by posting them on Facebook for my friends and family to see.
This year I have enabled Flickr Uploader on my phone so my photos will automatically be backed up to Flickr whenever I have wireless access. They are uploaded “privately” so that I can pick and choose which to make public.
To see many of my favorite Camino landscape
photos, please click the image below:
To see my post, “Technology on the Camino”, about the electronics I took last
year, most of which I will take again this year, please click the photo below:

domain: artistic


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THE SCHOOLS OF ONTARIO 1876-1976
Robert M. Stamp.
Volume 10 Number 4.
Stamp, co-ordinator of Canadian studies at the University of Calgary, has compiled a rather dry study of the history of Ontario Schools. Pedagogic pasts do not lend themselves to pizazz. The past in this instance begins in 1876, as the author mostly ignores not only the thirty earlier years under Ryerson, but also the fledgling period from 1800 to 1846. In spite of the anachronisms of grade 13 and the general development of the educational system in this province both in isolation and behind the rest of Canada (the trendy recommendations of the Hall-Dennis Report antedated similar developments in other parts of Canada by half a decade or so), Stamp makes a good case for the identification, in Ontario, of an historically superior educational system in a North American context. Regrettably, at the above price, not many public schools will want to buy this book; its curricular appropriateness is not readily apparent.
Vie Stecyk, Newtonbrook S. S., North York, ON.
1971-1979 | 1980-1985 | 1986-1990 | 1991-1995
The materials in this archive are copyright © The Manitoba Library Association. Reproduction for personal use is permitted only if this copyright notice is maintained. Any other reproduction is prohibited without permission Copyright information for reviewers
Young Canada Works

domain: library


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Ovenbird is a Willamette Valley artisan bakery and catering company dedicated to utilizing locally-produced products. Founded by three Oregon chefs, Ovenbird Bakery is housed in a historic storefront on Main Street in Independence, Oregon. It is a warm and friendly place to get your morning espresso, visit with friends over a delectable pastry, or pick up your daily fresh bread.
Sandwiches were so good
We arrived in Independence at lunch time and not knowing the local restaurants, we just started walking along the main street. Happened upon Ovenbird Bakery and the smell drew us in. We each ordered a sandwich - mine on sourdough, her's on wheat. Sandwiches are ample with all the fixins, but the bread is the star. Unfortunately, I can't say the same for the baguette we purchased for later that day. It had probably been sitting for several hours and when we cut it that evening, it was very dry and hard.
We stopped in here looking for a place to get a quick lunch and we just made it before closing. We had some very tasty sandwiches, made as we waited. If our hotel around the corner didn't have breakfast included, we definitely would have been here very morning picking up some pastries and coffee.
We were in town on an errand and needed some lunch. We dropped in to check out their offerings. I enjoyed a bowl of soup and coffee cake, both were gluten and dairy free! What a nice surprise for me. My husband had a wonderful sandwich on a baguette. Good food and service. Sure hope we have more excuses to visit Independence and this great bakery.
Hooked on Ovenbird
We just moved to Independence Landing . The first place I noticed while checking out the shops on Main street was the Ovenbird Bakery. I avoided the place as long as I could. Why? Because I love freshly made bread and pastries way too much. Well, I gave in, and made a stop at Ovenbird. Well, I am hooked and will return. ...again and again,.
Perfect for a Picnic
We stopped by for lunch takeaway and it was awesome! Build your own sandwich, fresh baked bread options, soup, salad and quiche. Prices were really modest. There's a park (a block over) with picnic tables, which made social distancing easy. We would definitely stop here again.

domain: food


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On June 16, 2020, the parliament of Ukraine adopted a law establishing the National Intellectual Property Authority.
Thus, the 4-year period of institutional reform of the sphere of intellectual property in Ukraine ends. The creation of the National IP Agency was part of Ukraine’s obligations under the Association Agreement with the EU.
A two-level system of market regulation will replace a three-level in Ukraine. The Ministry of Economic Development remains the regulator and will continue to ensure the formation and implementation of state policy in the field of intellectual property.
The functions of the National Intellectual Property Authority will be the acceptance of applications for the registration of intellectual property rights objects, examination, registration and maintenance of registries, certification of patent attorneys, international cooperation, etc.
IP Office will also include the Appeals Chamber, a collegial body to consider objections to decisions of the IP Agency on obtaining rights to intellectual property, applications for cancellation of rights to intellectual property objects, applications for recognition of a trademark well-known in Ukraine.
The head of the National Intellectual Property Authority will be appointed by the Ministry of Economic Development based on the results of an open competitive examination.
Supervisory Board will control the activities and results of the National Authority.
Within three months after publication, the Cabinet of Ministers should determine the state organization on the basis of which the National Intellectual Property Authority will be formed – most likely, it will become the State Enterprise “Ukrainian Institute of Intellectual Property” (Ukrpatent). After six months, all legal acts should be brought into line with the new law.

domain: news


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Where to find the best online payday Glencoe lender over the Internet?
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Alabama|Virginia|Arizona|Tennessee|West Virginia|Louisiana|Connecticut|Ohio|North Carolina|Vermont|New Hampshire|New York|Michigan|Oregon|Kansas|South Dakota|Massachusetts|New Jersey|Wyoming|Idaho|New Mexico|Texas|Illinois|Rhode Island|Minnesota|North Dakota|Georgia|Pennsylvania|Alaska|Colorado|Mississippi|Wisconsin|Missouri|Montana|Arkansas|Kentucky|Indiana|Nebraska|Nevada|Delaware|Maryland|California|Hawaii|Florida|Utah|Maine|Oklahoma|Washington|Iowa
GLENCOE OK cash

domain: finance


Dear Esk8 Community, to help this and other parts of the amazing Esk8 community, would you all help to contribute to a mega wiki. This wiki would cover all the “Nooks and Cranny’s” of esk8. From the good of esk8, to the bad. If this wiki was to be created, would anyone be interested in contributing?
there already is one and I think there is another one somewhere
I was playing with the same idea. The forum has a massive amount of information, but it’s scattered and not really easy to find sometimes. The biggest issue is that you need a few dedicated people to fill it with good information. If there is an interest I’m definitely interested in hosting it, I have a server running almost idle .
The wiki I made can be changed by anyone The idea was to give a basic overview for new DIY’ers and give links to more indepth posts here on the forum But it’s far from complete feel free to add info
While these wiki’s are great, there is only so much information you can fit in a post. And if you are not familiar with the forum you can easily miss it, as it’s just a post. Separating the wiki’s from the forum can give a few advantages:
- Splitting information from conversation. This can help with initially finding a lot of information.
- Make pages for every little topic. You want to know how hub motors specifically work? There is a wiki for that.
- Explain in more detail. There is only so much you can put in a post. If you have a wiki you can go on endlessly into one topic
- We can make pages with the pitfalls and delete the noobs thread. [spoiler]/s[/spoiler]
- Not only DIY, we can also make pages about the prebuild stuff, with tips and tricks for that.
- We can also make pages for DIY parts, giving them objective and independent information.
But on the other hand:
Sure, here’s my take keeping it short and simple.
*A Dangerous hobby inferior too almost all motes of transports so we won’t even compare it to any fuel driven devices, examples of an esk8’s inferiority vs a scooter is that it lacks a handle and mechanical back wheel brake. If you are still interested in esk8 Visit Rehab dot org and get help.
The “Mega Esk8 Wiki” would be separate from the forums, it would hold important information for noobs, to veterans. Ex: https://terraria.gamepedia.com/Terraria_Wiki Or ex: https://3dprint.wiki/ This wiki for Esk8 would organize information for ease of access. Instead of searching through forums, click on a header on the wiki and it lists the information you need neatly! If this wiki is going to be created, it would need some people to fill it with info about Diy Esk8!
I would be very great full of you hosting it, however if there is enough interest, as you said, I will make the ball roll
this would really be a good idea!
this forum contains heaps of info but you’re gonna have to go into the mines and dig deeeeeep to find most of it.


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I’ll be giving a presentation on Lyme disease at the Chester Public Library on Monday June 22 at 6:30 PM. Registration is free.
Tag Archives: EMFs and Lyme
My Interview on Chronic Illness for Well-Scent
I am very pleased, and so honored, to be featured as the first practitioner in Well-Scent’s series of interviews on chronic illness.

domain: health


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Alpha Excelsior Farm, R364 Agter Pakhuis, Cederberg, 8135 (show map)
Farm stays Overview
Lock in a great price now and relax with our Price Guardian working for youHotel prices fluctuate. Book now, we will check prices each day for you and then let you know how to re-book if an even better price becomes available.
Setup a Price Alert for Alpha Excelsior Guest Farm
Each day we'll check prices and send you an email for your selected dates at Alpha Excelsior Guest Farm. If you don't have specific dates but would like to check prices for say next weekend or say next month we can check the price too.
When the hotel goes on sale you will know straight away from the daily email and be able to book with confidence that you've got excellent value.
Facilities of Alpha Excelsior Guest Farm
Free parking, On-site parking, Parking, Pets allowed, Private parking
Canoeing, Cycling, Hiking
Free WiFi, Internet services, WiFi
Food & Drink
Bar, BBQ facilities
Pools and wellness
Outdoor pool, Outdoor pool (all year)
Garden, Sun terrace, Terrace
Entertainment and children services
Air conditioning, Designated smoking area, Family rooms, Non-smoking rooms, Non-smoking throughout
Room facilities [ These may vary room to room ]
Additional bathroom, Additional Toilet, Air Conditioning, Barbecue, Bath, Bath or Shower, Bathroom, Clothes rack, Dining area, Dining table, Entire unit located on ground floor, Entire unit wheelchair accessible, Fan, Fireplace, Free toiletries, Garden view, Heating, Hot Tub, Kitchen, Kitchenette, Kitchenware, Linen, Microwave, Mountain view, Outdoor dining area, Outdoor furniture, Oven, Patio, Pool view, Private entrance, Refrigerator, Seating Area, Shared Bathroom, Shared Toilet, Shower, Sofa, Stovetop, Tea/Coffee Maker, Terrace, Tile/Marble floor, Toaster, Toilet, Towels, Upper floors accessible by stairs only, View, Wardrobe/Closet
Last updated: 17 Mar 2024 - Update now
From 15:00 hours
Untill 10:00 hours
Cancellation / Prepayment
Cancellation, prepayment and 'book now pay later' policies vary according to room type. Please check the room conditions when selecting your room above.
Accepted credit cards
The hotel reserves the right to pre-authorise credit cards prior to arrival.
The fine print
Please inform Alpha Excelsior Guest Farm in advance of your expected arrival time. You can use the Special Requests box when booking, or contact the property directly with the contact details provided in your confirmation. Dear Visitor, this region is currently experiencing drought conditions. Please be aware that certain properties are subject to comply with local water usage restrictions. This property will not accommodate hen, stag or similar parties. Food & beverage services at this property may be limited or unavailable due to Coronavirus (COVID-19). Due to Coronavirus (COVID-19), this property is taking steps to help protect the safety of guests and staff. Certain services and amenities may be reduced or unavailable as a result. Due to Coronavirus (COVID-19), wearing a face mask is mandatory in all indoor common areas.


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The pump that forces water through a Redlands fire truck’s hose fell off the vehicle on the 10 Freeway two days before Christmas. For the past five months, that 1983 model fire engine has been out of commission, leaving the fleet with no reserves.
Redlands Fire Chief Jeff Frazier estimated repairing the “catastrophic failure” would cost about $50,000, but the 30-year-old truck has more than 214,000 miles on it and passed the 20-year standard of service for fire trucks, he said. He recommends that it be decommissioned and replaced with a new model, which costs approximately $550,000.
Although service hasn’t been affected, the Fire Department, like most of the city’s other agencies, needs investment, according to department heads.
At a special Budget Advisory Committee meeting Wednesday, the city presented a balanced budget for Fiscal Year 2013-14.
For years, the city has reduced expenditures, cut staff and avoided major investments to stabilize finances.
“We’re kidding ourselves if we say we are going to make it on this incremental approach,” Councilman Bob Gardner said. “We need more revenue. It’s not either-or. We’ve done the cutting; now we need to be adding. We can’t get the city we want without making an investment. “
Police Chief Mark Garcia’s budget would cut overtime pay by $100,000, but he said more uniformed police are needed to deal with rising crime rates and service calls.
The city is trying to get a federal grant that would help pay for three more officers, which would bring the force to 83.
“The first priority in this budget needs to be $185,000, if that grant gets approved.” Gardner said about the city’s cost to hire the three additional officers.
The City Council recently approved the purchase of eight new squad cars, but at least 10 other police vehicles have been driven more than 100,000 miles, Garcia said.
As most department heads pleaded for more funding and manpower, City Clerk Sam Irwin sat in front of the budget committee and said nothing changed in his budget from the 2012-13 fiscal year. In fact, the clerk’s office is on pace to have a surplus because no election is scheduled for the upcoming fiscal year.
Barring a special election, the excess cash could be transferred to other departments in need of the funds during the year.
“So there’s a slush fund in the City Clerk’s Office,” Councilwoman Pat Gilbreath said.
A.K. Smiley Public Library may need to tap into that money. Don McCue, the library director, presented a budget $57,000 below last year’s. But the building is facing a $75,000 improvement to its heating and air-conditioning system not included in the future budget.
City Manager N. Enrique Martinez referred to moving around funds as a “budget dance,” while matching revenues with expenditures and maintaining current service levels.
“I’ve gone through this frustration in this city for seven years almost,” he said. “The best thing I’ve been able to do is stabilize staff. “
City Council is holding a special meeting May 28 at 4:30 p.m. to hear from staff about the proposed budget.


He said for a slap, offenders got 15 days remand but for killing by cow vigilantes it was a one-day remand. The LoP said the Parliamentary Affairs minister had misled the House and the Home Minister should speak on the Alwar incident in the Upper House. However, Minister of State for Parliamentary Affairs Mukhtar Abbas Naqvi's assurance that it was a serious matter and six arrests had been made and an FIR lodged in the case did not satisfy the agitated Congress members who then entered the Well of the House shouting slogans.
As the Congress members continued to shout slogans despite his mentioning that the Home Minister would make a statement on Monday on the incident, Prof Kurien then said the Congress members were behaving irresponsibly and he would not be intimidated to adjourn the House. (UNI)


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The Noni Juice is made of Noni plant, a Polynesian originating plant that is quite popular recently. This popularity has caused this plant to be a part of a great scientific researches. Such researches have shown that the Noni plant helps greatly in the fight with long-term, chronic diseases and conditions.
Some people go by with the benefits arising from the Noni juice while others simply use it in their daily diet and nutrition plan. The fact that occasional usage of Noni juice is quite health beneficial is confirmed by both researchers and consumers.
The Hawaiian health culture in the past has shown that daily using of Noni in diet will prevent chronic diseases from developing in the body.
People take Noni fruit by mouth for:
- painful urination.
- liver disease.
- stimulating menstrual flow.
- vaginal discharge during pregnancy.
- malarial fever.
- enlarged spleen.
- bone and joint problems.
- gastric ulcers.
- Mayo Clinic.
- high blood pressure.
- kidney disorders.
- migraine headache.
- premenstrual syndrome.
The Noni plant has ingredients with great nutritional value. The Noni juice greatly helps in strengthening of the immune system and boosts its protective role.
Problem with the digestive system is another situation where Noni juice can help.
You can use Noni juice as a laxative also.
Noni plant contains anti-oxidants that are better than pycnogenol and grape seed.
Researches have also shown that the Noni juice can relieve pain almost as morphine sulphate, but because its nature, it is absent of side or adverse effects.
The compounds such as scopoletin, anthraquinone and terpenes cause antibacterial, antiparasitic and antifungal benefits.
Other great benefits coming out of the Noni juice are its good ranking on the scale of anti-inflammatory “drugs” and its power to prevent tumors because of the ppt found in it.
You can read more about all Noni Juice benefits, uses, side effects, interactions and doses here.


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Want 1 extra month of free tuition?
Sign up for the Intensive English Program for 3 months or more and start classes by June 2018!
$6,975 for three months
The price includes tuition, testing textbooks, homestay placement fee, homestay fee including at least 2 meals a day, airport service, health insurance
(You will also need to pay for the books and homestay fees for the one extra month.)


2022 Dues Paid members of the Residents Association may obtain a copy of the 2021 PLBRA Annual Report by request. Requests must be made in written form either by letter to the PLBRA Office at 401 S Burnside Ave, lobby office, Los Angeles, CA 90035 or by email.
We want to hear from ALL residents - we have two questions for EV owners, two for non-owners, and one final question for both.
The Board is engaged in ongoing discussions to advocate for EV drivers and to improve charging options on the property. We need your answers and your voices to ensure that we represent resident needs.
Please click HERE to take our quick survey.
If you live in a PLB Tower, you may have noticed that both front and back doors are now regularly
closed. That’s in preparation for the security improvements that are coming over the next 90
to 120 days.Read on for details - but the TL:DR version of the story is this: We’ve been heard, and in response, PLB management is making changes across the property.
First, cameras are being installed on all external gate, so we cantrack who’s entering and leaving the property.
Second, gate personnel are returning to requiring vehicles entering the property to indicate why they are here. PLB is also updating the parking management system, so we’ll have news on what
to expect regarding processes for admitting visitors in the near future.
Third, major security improvements are being made in the Tower lobbies. That includes the
installation of a security system that will require key fobs for entry. The system will be tied to a
smartphone app that will allow you to “buzz” in guests when they come to visit.
Security cameras are also being installed in the Tower lobbies to help reduce the incidence of
items being dumped in the lobbies, package theft, and other shenanigans. So, if you’re one of
those folks who likes to prop open lobby doors, smoke in front of the doors, or leave your trash in
the lobby - smile! - you’ll be caught on camera.
PLB management requests that residents who have issues with electronic security (disability, lack of smartphone, religious restrictions), or who have questions direct their inquiries towards Aryn Thomez through her assistant, Kay Wright at email@example.com, with a cc: to PLBRA at parklabreaRA@gmail.com.
Looking forward to a more secure neighborhood for us all! #CommunityStrong


Pure linen fabric Udana Pony Brown blends into any modern interior. Suitable for upholstery, curtains, for other decorative accessories such as tablecloths, placemats, cushions, chair coverings, bedspreads, headboards, throws, rugs, mats, carpets, also for bags, bean bags and even for a clothes such as coats, overcoats, jeans style pants.
The Pony Brown color is warm, sophisticated, well-balanced, bold, saturated. Quite dark but not too dark. This color is a trend for a several seasons. Display settings and screen resolutions in your device can show a bit different shade. If you have some doubts - it is recommended to order a sample first.
The fabric Udana is:
Aesthetic, strong and durable.
Natural, organic, eco-friendly and antistatic.
Relaxing, tranquil, breathing and pleasant to touch.
Heavy weight, thick, densely and plainly woven.
Softened, washed and pre-shrunk.
Machine washable or dry cleanable.
SKU: 11199/02 Udana;
Color: 2313 Pony Brown;
Design: 7028 plain weave;
Width: +/- 145cm (57 inches);
Fabric weight: +/- 340g/m² (10.10oz/yd² );
Composition: 100% linen.
Oeko-Tex 100 certificated;
Made in Lithuania.
The regular price 34.63EUR/m.
If desirable lenght of the fabric is longer than you can find in a "select a lenght" dropdown column, choose for example 3.50m x quantity 2. You will receive 7.00m in one continious piece.
1-3 business days
I'll do my best to meet these shipping estimates, but can't guarantee them. Actual delivery time will depend on the shipping method you choose.
Buyers are responsible for any customs and import taxes that may apply. I'm not responsible for delays due to customs.
Oct 27, 2023
Lovely rich mid brown colour, heavy weight, very soft and beautiful. Thank you!
May 23, 2022
Lovely colour! Such quick delivery as always😁
Feb 23, 2022
Un tono café con un matiz naranja, fuerte contrasta muy bonito, pueden compararlo con la otra prenda café oscuro como morado! Tendré que comprar más...
Dec 21, 2021
good quality linen, looked just like the picture on etsy


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Julie has had Multiple Sclerosis (MS) for 30 years and used to be a teacher and a successful athlete. Nowadays, her MS has progressed so much she uses sticks, wheelchair or mobility scooter to move around
Her poems have been published in various magazines, online and in print. Her poem If I Can’t was a winning poem in Bespoke Verse’s poetry competition in association with National Poetry Day 2019
Frances tells her family’s stories, originally attributed to her six-times great-grandfather, the Gypsy storyteller Abram Wood, and four times great-grandfather, John Roberts aka Telynor Cymru.
As in storytelling as well as in poetry, the Gypsy’s own story of journeying from the known into the unknown world infuses our stories and poems with strange moments that have travelled with us all the way from India to Europe and now to Canada.
A special event from one of India’s most well-respected poets.
Tithi’s father, Rajendra Dani, is a renowned Hindi author and Assistant Editor of the prestigious and internationally acclaimed Indian literary magazine Pahal.
Tithi’s manuscript of the Hindi poetry collection Prarthnarat Battakhein was selected and honoured by the Indian High Commission in London in 2017. She also received the prestigious Vagishwari Award of Madhya Pradesh for this collection, and her poems and stories are widely published around the world.


Emergency service crews were called to a crash this morning (January 10) which left a Dorset road blocked. The incident happened just after 9am on Weymouth Road, between Upwey and Martinstown, outside Higher Ashton Farm.
Dorset & Wiltshire Fire and Rescue Service said the crash "involved two cars and a telegraph pole". An earlier statement from the fire service added that there had been "trapped persons", but it was later confirmed that no rescues were necessary.
As a result of the crash, there was a oil spillage on the road, as well as a blockage on the road itself. However, Dorset Police confirmed that the vehicle was subsequently recovered and road cleared at around 10.40am.
A spokesperson for Dorset and Wiltshire Fire Service said: "A crew from Dorchester were called to a road traffic collision (RTC) on Weymouth Road, Martinstown, at 9.09am this morning.
"The incident involved two cars and a telegraph pole – no rescues were necessary so firefighters assisted police and ambulance colleagues in making the scene safe. Our stop came at 9.27am."
A tweet from Dorchester Fire Station, which included a picture from the scene, added: "Earlier this morning, crews from Dorchester were mobilised to a 2 car and persons trapped RTC. All persons were safely out when we arrived and crews helped make the scene safe alongside colleagues from Dorset Police and South Western Ambulance Service."


Was driving it and it quit running. Had it towed. Key on sends 12V to the fuel pump for just a brief second, but does not energize fuel pump. Of course, I replaced pump and filter. Still no fuel pump engagement. The fuel pump will run if I put 12 V to it, but I am not able to get it to prime and send fuel to the rail, tank is about 1/4 full. Back to the real problem. I do not have 12V to the fuel pump except for a few milliseconds. I have checked ALL the fuses (3 times, because sometimes I am stupid), I have replaced the fuel pump relay. The fuel pump relay has always made an audible click indicating mechanical function. I pulled the PCM, ECM or whet ever it is defined as on this particular vehicle. There was some pretty visible corrosion on, maybe 2 or 3 pins, cleaned this up w/dental picks, elect parts cleaner and compressed air. Still no fuel pump. I would literally have to tear this car apart to trace the wire from the fuel pump to the power center. I have a Haynes manual which is for all intents and purposes useless in this instance. If I had a good wiring diagram or just the info to pin it out I might be able to figure it out. I found a Jeep 1993-94 2.5 and 4.0L EFI powertrain Diagnostics factory service manual. Would this manual provide the info. I need to further diagnose this vehicle? Any help would be greatly appreciated. Thanks, John V.
have the same problem?
Thursday, June 26th, 2008 AT 10:28 AM


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Florida's 72nd state house district covers areas east and south of Sarasota, including Siesta Key to the west, Fruitville to the north and South Venice to the south.
It's a district in which Republican candidates often beat Democrats by double digits.
So in the special election to replace former Rep. Alexandra Miller (R-Sarasota), GOP candidate James Buchanan — who's the son of longtime Republican Congressman Vern Buchanan — should be a shoo-in against Democratic opponent Margaret Good, right?
Except, this is 2018, and the Trump backlash appears to be in full swing.
A St. Pete Polls survey out this week suggests a close race between the two despite the district's solid redness — not that Good would have an easy time flipping the seat.
Buchanan is leading Good by just three points, 49.1 to 46.1. Libertarian Alison Foxall has 3.2 percent of the vote, meanwhile, and 1.6 percent of voters remain unsure.
Given how Republicans tend to lead Dems in this district, it could be a sign that the 2018 midterms will be a boon to Democrats. The party has had some successes in recent elections, namely in the St. Pete mayoral race and the Alabama U.S. Senate race. The Democrat won in both instances, though it is unclear whether their ability to use an unpopular Republican president against the GOP candidates was a key factor.
The polling itself may also underrepresent Democrats.
St. Pete Polls had surveyed St. Pete voters in the lead-up to the city's (ostensibly nonpartisan) mayoral race between incumbent Mayor Rick Kriseman and former Mayor Rick Baker. Polling often showed Baker in the lead, even if Kriseman bested him in both the August primary and the November runoff. Some attributed the surveys' Republican skewing to the fact that St. Pete Polls only calls landlines while an increasing number of people, most of them younger and more liberal, only use mobile phones.
The District 72 special election is Feb. 13.


Replacement Lawn Mower Blade Set 60 in. G6 commercial grade blade set. These blades will keep your yard looking great. Use with select Swisher's 60 in. 3-replacement 20186 finish-cut lawn mower blades.
See owner's manual for assembly instructions. Center hole diameter 0.406 in.
Specifications Dimensions Blade Length in. : 20.5 Product Depth in. : 20.5 Product Height in.
: 0.5 Product Width in. : 2.25 Details Features: Mulching Lawn Mower Fits Brands: Swisher Fits Models: Z2460CPKA, Z21560CPHO, FC14560CPKA, FC14560BS, FC17560BS, FC18560BS, T13560, T14560, T17560 and T18560 Returnable: 30-Day Used with Equipment Type: Pull-Behind Mower. The item "Replacement Lawn Mower Blade Set 60 in. Finish Cut 3 PACK" is in sale since Thursday, September 24, 2020. This item is in the category "Home & Garden\Yard, Garden & Outdoor Living\Lawn Mowers\Lawn Mower Parts & Accessories".
The seller is "jlclax2003" and is located in Multiple Location. This item can be shipped to United States.


Born in Chicago Illinois, SPACExLION was raised in Gary, Indiana, where he was exposed to Chicago music and dance culture. He grew up listening to an eclectic mix of hip-hop and jpop. As he got older his interest in music grew from just listening to actively wanting to create. He started producing around the age of 13, but didn’t decide to become serious about music until about 17. Now he spends his days producing his own original tracks, as well as doing commissioned work for various people/groups, and putting on shows with the organization he helped build, the EDMC.
Past Mousetrap Concerts:


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Welcome to our in-depth guide on using mulch for gardening. Mulch plays a crucial role in maintaining healthy soil, optimizing plant growth, and conserving water in your garden. In this article, we’ll explore the benefits of mulching, different types of mulch, and how to properly apply and maintain it to ensure your garden thrives. Whether you’re a seasoned gardener or just starting out, you’ll find valuable tips and insights to enhance your gardening experience.
Mulch for Gardening: Enhancing Soil Health
The key to a successful garden lies in its soil health. Mulch acts as a protective layer that shields the soil from extreme temperatures, reduces erosion, and improves water retention. By using the right mulch, you nourish your soil with essential nutrients, control weeds, and nurture a thriving garden ecosystem.
Types of Mulch
When it comes to mulching, there are various options to choose from, each offering unique benefits to your garden. Let’s explore some popular types of mulch:
1. Organic Mulch
Organic mulch, such as shredded leaves, straw, or wood chips, breaks down gradually, enriching the soil with organic matter. This type of mulch is excellent for improving soil structure and promoting beneficial microbial activity.
2. Inorganic Mulch
Inorganic mulch, such as stones or landscape fabric, doesn’t break down but effectively prevents weed growth and conserves moisture. It’s a low-maintenance option that adds a decorative touch to your garden beds.
3. Compost Mulch
Compost mulch is a nutrient-rich option made from decomposed organic matter. It’s an excellent choice for improving soil fertility, providing essential nutrients to your plants, and promoting healthy root growth.
4. Pine Straw Mulch
Pine straw mulch is derived from pine trees and is a popular choice for acid-loving plants such as azaleas and blueberries. It helps maintain soil acidity, suppress weeds, and conserves moisture.
5. Cocoa Bean Mulch
Cocoa bean mulch is a fragrant and aesthetically pleasing option made from cocoa bean shells. It enriches the soil with nutrients and helps suppress weed growth. However, it’s important to note that cocoa bean mulch can be toxic to pets if ingested, so use it cautiously if you have furry friends.
6. Rubber Mulch
Derived from recycled tires, rubber mulch is a durable and long-lasting option that provides excellent weed control and water retention. It’s commonly used in playgrounds and high-traffic areas but can also be used in garden beds.
Applying Mulch: Best Practices for Gardening
Now that we’ve explored the different types of mulch, let’s delve into the best practices for applying mulch in your garden:
1. Prepare Your Garden Bed
Before applying mulch, it’s important to prepare your garden bed by removing any existing weeds and debris. This creates a clean and healthy foundation for your plants.
2. Determine the Thickness
The recommended thickness for mulch application is usually around 2-4 inches. However, this may vary depending on the type of mulch and your specific gardening needs. Avoid piling mulch directly against plant stems or tree trunks, as it can create a moist environment that promotes rot or disease.
3. Mulch Depth
One common mistake many gardeners make is applying too much mulch. Remember, the purpose of mulch is to act as a protective layer while allowing air and water to reach the soil. Applying excessive mulch can suffocate plant roots and prevent proper soil aeration. Maintain a mulch depth of 2-4 inches for optimal results.
4. Mulch Maintenance
Regular maintenance is essential to ensure the effectiveness of your mulch. Check for weeds that may have sprouted through the mulch layer and remove them promptly. Additionally, fluff up the mulch occasionally to prevent compaction and promote air circulation.
Frequently Asked Questions
Q: Can I use mulch for all types of plants?
A: Yes, mulch is beneficial for virtually all types of plants. However, it’s important to choose the right type of mulch depending on your plant’s specific requirements. Some plants thrive in acidic environments, while others prefer a more neutral pH. Consider your plant’s needs and choose the appropriate mulch accordingly.
Q: How often should I replenish mulch?
A: Mulch gradually decomposes over time, especially organic mulch. As a general rule of thumb, replenish your mulch layer annually to maintain its effectiveness. However, assess the condition of your mulch regularly and replenish if it appears thin or depleted.
Q: Can I use grass clippings as mulch?
A: Yes, grass clippings can be used as mulch. Ensure that the grass is free from herbicides or pesticides. Use a thin layer of grass clippings to allow air and water penetration and avoid a thick, compacted layer that may prevent the necessary airflow and lead to rot.
Q: Will mulch attract pests?
A: While mulch can provide a hiding place for pests, it doesn’t necessarily attract them. Regular maintenance, such as weeding and checking for pests, will help prevent any infestations. Additionally, ensure that you’re using clean, disease-free mulch to minimize the risk of introducing pests into your garden.
Q: Can I mix different types of mulch?
A: Yes, you can mix different types of mulch based on your gardening needs. For example, you can combine compost mulch with organic mulch to enrich the soil while promoting weed control.
Q: Is mulching a year-round practice?
A: Mulching can be a year-round practice, but it’s especially beneficial during the growing season. In colder climates, mulching helps protect plants from freezing temperatures, while in warmer regions, it conserves moisture and regulates soil temperature during hot summer months.
Using mulch for gardening is a tried and tested technique that cultivates healthy, productive, and aesthetically pleasing gardens. Whether you choose organic, inorganic, or a combination of mulch types, this simple practice enriches your soil, controls weeds, conserves water, and promotes beneficial microbial activity. By following the best practices outlined in this article, you can optimize your garden’s health, productivity, and longevity. So go ahead, get your hands dirty, and witness the transformative power of mulch in your own garden.
Related video of : Mulch for Gardening: Boost Your Garden’s Health and Productivity

domain: agronomy


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Paperback: 32 pages
Publisher: Mantra Lingua/Tsai Fong; Revised ed. edition (January 1, 2004)
Package Dimensions: 9.4 x 9.4 x 0.3 inches
Amazon Rank: 7311413
Format: PDF Text TXT book
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This was a fun read. 49 truly unique and relaxing artworks, to help you color away your stress. Bridei is determined to drive the Gaelic invaders from his lands once and for all. Download ebook What Shall We Do With Boo Hoo Baby (Urdu Edition) Pdf. construction drawing review details Series: construction drawing review the details of the professional explanation is written in accordance with the latest relevant norms and standards. I know I will be reading this many more times. ISBN-10 185269274X Pdf. ISBN-13 978-1852692
My Daughter loves this book. I am learning Urdu myself and this book is very easy to read for my beginner level....
"Adults in the Room" is actually a much better title than the one I use for this review, for its acerbic irony if for no other reason. I don't know who to say is my fav because I love them all.
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Texas is likely to become the latest state to limit the participation of trans students in school sports, after both houses of the Texas Legislature voted in favor of House Bill 25 last week. The bill will now head to Governor Greg Abbott’s desk, and he has already promised to sign it into law.
The Texas House voted 76-54 in favor of HB 25 last Thursday, and the Senate voted 19-12 in favor of the bill the following day. If enacted, the legislation would ban trans student athletes from competing in interscholastic competitions that are designated for “the opposite sex.” The bill also states that birth certificates, which will be used to verify the “biological sex” of student athletes, will only be viewed as “correct” if they were “entered at or near the time of the student’s birth” or modified to correct a clerical error.
In other words, trans and intersex youth will still not be allowed to compete even if their birth certificates are corrected. It’s unclear how schools might determine whether or not a birth certificate has been modified.
The birth certificate requirement appears to be a “corrective” to the University Interscholastic League’s (UIL) standing policy of accepting amended birth certificates, according to the Texas Tribune. Although the governing board for athletics in the Lone Star State already required students to compete according to the sex recorded on their birth certificates, this “loophole” allowed some trans students to compete.
While HB 25 will compel the UIL to update its guidelines to explicitly exclude trans athletes, the organization has said in the past that it leaves the process of checking birth certificates up to schools and school districts.
The passage of the bill marks the conclusion of a months-long battle: After efforts to push through a trans sports ban failed in three prior legislative sessions, Abbott called yet another meeting in September. Since March, Texas has introduced at least 19 proposals to prevent trans kids from participating in sports in alignment with their gender identity, the largest number in any state by far, per the LGBTQ+ advocacy group Freedom for All Americans.
LGBTQ+ advocates condemned the bill following last week’s votes. Ricardo Martinez, CEO of Equality Texas, called HB 25 “cruel and grotesque,” claiming that it puts a “target on the backs of transgender children and adults.”

domain: law


text:
Not-So-Good was so good to have hosted and put on a little “thank you” potluck dinner on for me. Sunday was my last day singing with the choir. Not-So-Good put on the dinner at her house on Sunday evening. I'm usually not too comfortable with being the center of attention but it was fun. Aw, there was some yummy food! Thanks to all of the choir members that came out to socialize with me. It’s always fun to just hang out and gab with the group. You’re a great bunch! Thank you also for the wonderful thank you cards, and gifts. You were a wonderful group to work with, and yes, I’m planning on coming back periodically--- like holidays, to come back and sing with you. (Above Photo: Part of the choir that was in attendance--[left to right]- Not-So-Good, Andy, John, Giselle, Me, Em, VanD, Mandy, and Katie.)
I just figured with the old church being torn down sometime this summer and the new one being built that it was a good time for me to step down from being the choir “organizer”. Now I did say “organizer”; not director. For you see, I think it’s funny that I’m in this position to begin with. I don’t read music, or play an instrument. I can tell when the notes go up or down; or the difference between a whole note and a quarter note, but that’s about it. Well, you could see how that would lead to some issues with a person being the choir director. Well, maybe a little!?!
How I came to be the choir organizer? I think everyone else in the group took two steps back and I was left standing out like a sore thumb. I guess you could say that I’m good at organizing, and being flexible. Sometimes, you just need to go with the flow, not try to over control things, and be open to ideas & suggestions. This group was perfect for that, and we often had fun just going along, and playing it by ear--- course, that’s mainly how I’m able to sing along anyway. (Above photo: Part of the choir group just gabbing away, and enjoying eachother's company.)
I want to wish Not-So-Good luck with the group. You’re going to do great and I ask that everyone give her a little understanding until she gets used to it. Also, know that I’m just a phone call or an email away if you have any questions. Thanks all, and I’m going to miss you.


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SAVE THE DATE!
Who: Boat Captain, Boat Teams, and YOU!
What: River Team's "Splashing" of the PSC River Boat Line: Aguila, Falcon, Gannett, and Peregrine
When: Saturday, 14 March 2020 (Rain Date: Saturday, 21 March)
Time: 8:00 am - 4:00 pm
Location: Capital Cove Marina, Joint Base Anacostia-Bolling, Washington, DC
Why: To prepare for an exciting season of sailing on the Potomac and Anacostia Rivers
Bottom line: Come join the fun and camaraderie as the PSC River Team "splashes" the boats in preparation of the 2020 sailing season on the Potomac and Anacostia Rivers. The boat captains have spent cold (and sometimes warm) winter days constantly checking the boats and drafting their maintenance plans. As we head into spring, the Boat Captains and their respective team members will conduct pre-season maintenance to ensure the boats will be safe and available for the PSC's busy training, social, and racing events.
So join us on Saturday, 14 March and help splash the boats. It will be fun and enjoyable as the camaraderie among the River Team members is infectious. Another reason for coming out is to learn the intricacies and nuances of boat maintenance. Of course, there will be plenty of sea stories shared as well.
By the way, the River Team will provide donuts, bagels, and coffee/water for the morning crew plus pizza soda/pop/water/gatorade for the afternoon crew.
Contact me should you have any questions.

domain: geography


text:
Article may contain Amazon & affiliate links. As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases at no additional cost to you.
Ever wondered how to make a bed skirt yourself? With this DIY bed skirt tutorial, sewing a bed skirt has never been easier and more enjoyable! And the end result is a practical linen bed skirt with sheer ruffles, loaded with tons of cuteness!
Ruffled bed skirt
If you’re anything like me, you most likely LOVE sewing for your home! And a DIY bed skirt probably crossed your mind a few times in the past but lacked the time to make one as in my case.
Or maybe you’ve had no clue how to sew a bed skirt? I personally thought it’s something super complicated, especially a ruffled bed skirt! But then I decided to spend some time on figuring out how to make my own DIY bed skirt and realized making a bed skirt is basically insanely easy!
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At a first glance my DIY bed skirt might seem hard to make and super time consuming but truth is, this adorable and easy bed skirt needs just a little free time and some patience. The end result is totally worth the effort! I mean look at all those cute ruffles! Perfect way to add loads of interest to a boring room!
My DIY bed skirt is also a super cheap project as I made my ruffled bed skirt using an old linen bed sheet and scraps of sheer fabric from when I made my own curtains! It basically cost me nothing! I had a few issues figuring out how to make the best out of the scraps I had because the sheer fabric wasn’t as wide as I needed it to be so I decided to add two rows of ruffles which I think add even more cuteness to my DIY bed skirt!
A few notes about this particular DIY bed skirt
A regular bed skirt only covers the lower part of the bed, being installed under the mattress. But I wanted to make mine as a protecting layer for my mattress so that’s why my linen bed skirt looks a bit unusual, sort of like a very long and wide ruffled bed sheet.
Also this piece is just a tiny part of an ampler project I have in mind for this particular room which happens to be Ellie’s room. I’m completely redoing the room! The bed will also have new bed sheets, pillow covers and a bed throw. I plan to make all of these myself soooo…keep the fingers crossed for me!
Before starting to work on my DIY bed skirt project I thought this would be done in one day! And it probably would’ve been ready within a day if I could find a few good hours in just one day. But I only had 2-3 hours available for sewing so my project extended over a three days period. It was a bit stressful since I don’t like sewing a project in sections. So heads up, this is not a short project and if you are anything like me and hate spreading a project over a few days, don’t start working on your DIY bed skirt before finding a few free hours in one day.
Other than that, making a bed skirt was super easy and enjoyable, even with making the ruffles (hoping to find some time and show you the best way I found to make ruffles!) and attaching them to the linen. I absolutely love how this turned out, I think it completely changed the look of that room so I totally recommend you sewing a bed skirt for your room too!
Before proceeding to the actual DIY bed skirt tutorial I’d like to cover a few facts regarding bed skirts, for the ones of you who never heard of or seen a bed skirt before.
Frequently asked questions
What is a bed skirt?
A bed skirt is a decorative piece, made out of fabric, that is placed under the mattress and is designed to cover and mask the lower part of the bed (the box spring) and the space under the bed. A bed skirt adds style to your bed decor, helps blocking draft under the bed and also prevents the dust from accumulating under the bed.
Bed skirts are also known as dust ruffles and the name says it all.
How many types of bed skirts are there?
Bed skirts come in various sizes and shapes but can be categorized into two main types: with decking and without decking. The decking bed skirts are made out of a platform that goes over the box spring and three panels on the sides and the front (foot). The bed skirts without decking are only made with the three panels which are secured to the box spring with special pins, non grip pads or velcro.
Each of these two main categories may come in different styles and shapes such as gathered, ruffled, pleated, single box pleat and different types of fabric such as linen or sheer fabrics.
How do I keep my bed skirt from moving?
If you use a platform bed skirt, it will be secured by the mattress that sits on top of the platform. For non platform bed skirts, there are special non grip pads, pins or velcro that should come with the bed skirt and keep the skirt securely attached to the box spring. If not you can pin the bed skirt or use tape.
How can I keep my mattress from sliding?
If you’re using a bed skirt with a platform made out of slippery fabrics, when you place the mattress on top of the platform, it may slip with every move you make while in bed. To prevent this from happening, choose a bed skirt made out of linen or use rubber rug pads, double sided tape or sew a few felt patches onto the bed skirt platform.
Now that we know what a bed skirt is and how to use it, it’s time to make our own DIY bed skirt. So here’s how to make a bed skirt! Please note this tutorial is for a bed skirt that covers the mattress too. Feel free to adjust my tutorial to your own needs.
DIY Bed skirt
- linen fabric for the platform (I’ll explain below how to calculate)
- lined fabric for the sides and front panels of the mattress
- sheer fabric for the ruffles on sides and foot (I’ll explain below how to calculate)
- yard stick
- ruffling foot (optional)
- sharp needle
- jeans needle
- sewing machine
Cutting the linen fabric
- Cut the linen fabric to match the size of the top of your mattress, plus 1″ on each side for seam allowance.
- Cut the linen fabric for the side panels and the front panels, in the width of your mattress and the length of the sides and front of the mattress, plus adding 1/2″ – 1″ allowance (I serged my linen panels before sewing all pieces together, so I only used 1/2″ allowance)
Cutting the sheer fabric
- #1 Measure from the bottom of the mattress to the floor and add 1″ – 1 1/2″ for allowance and hemming.
- #2 Measure the height of the mattress and add about 6″ plus 1″ – 1 1/2″ for allowance and hemming.
- #3 Measure the length of each side and the front of the mattress and double the measurements plus about 1″ for hemming.
- To make a double layer of ruffles as I did, you will need to cut 2 sets of 3 panels of sheer fabric: 2 for each side and 2 for the front.
- The first set of panels will match the first and third measurements.
- The second set of panels will match the second and third measurements.
- Please note that I serged all of my sheer fabric and the linen so I didn’t need much for allowance and hemming; the above allowances are just suggestions, please adjust as needed.
Preparing fabric for each panel and the platform
- Cut fabric as indicated in the previous section
- Finish the edges through your preferred method. I have a serger so I first serged every single piece of fabric using matching thread. Then I hemmed the bottom of the sheer panels by simply folding the fabric 1/4″ and sewing a regular stitch.
- For the platform, after serging all edges, I did a hem for the back edge (that goes to the back of the bed and doesn’t need ruffled panels) in the simple method specified above.
- Take each sheer panel and ruffle using the preferred method. The end length should match the linen panels for the sides and front.
- Press the ruffles very well to make sewing them onto the linen fabric a tons easier.
Sewing sheer and linen panels together
- Take one of the linen side panel and lay it on the floor, right side out
- Place the matching sheer panel over it, wrong side out,raw edge matching the bottom of the linen panel as shown below
- Sew down with 1/4″ allowance.
- Fold the sheer panel down (or to the right in this particular image)
- Press the seam well towards the linen panel.
- Sew over the seam with a 1/8″ allowance
- Place the second sheer panel over the linen panel above, right side out. Raw edges should be matching the top edge of the panel.
- Sew down with 1/4″ allowance and your first set of panels is done.
- Repeat for the second side panel and the front panel in the exact manner highlighted above.
Sewing finished panels onto the platform
- Take the platform, the finished side and front panels and place them on the floor, right side out as below
- Fold right and left panels inside, raw edges matching the platform’s raw edges
- Sew down using a 1/4″ seam allowance
- Repeat for the front panel
- Fold each panel back to its place & press the seams towards the platform.
- Then edge stitch over the seams with 1/8″ allowance. And now you’re dealing with tons of fabric and even more ruffles and slippery sheer fabric. S you need to sew slow and be very careful not to catch any other fabric under the needle. How do I know that? Pff…it happened to me a few times!
- Your DIY bed skirt is done! All you have to do now is lay it on your bed as you would a regular bed sheet. Enjoy!


text:
product description page
Making the Black Atlantic : Britain and the African Diaspora (Hardcover) (James Walvin)
About this item
The British role in the shaping of the African diaspora was central: the British carried more Africans across the Atlantic than any other nation and their colonial settlements in the Caribbean and North America absorbed vast numbers of Africans. The crops produced by those slaves helped to lay the foundations for Western material well-being, and their associated cultural habits helped to shape key areas of Western sociability that survive to this day. Britain was also central in the drive to end slavery, in her own possessions and elsewhere in the world. Making the Black Atlantic presents a coherent story of Britain's role in the African diaspora, its origins, progress, and transformation.
Number of Pages: 208
Genre: History, Social Science
Series Title: The Transatlantic Slave Trade: Bloomsbury Academic Collections
Publisher: Bloomsbury USA Academic
Author: James Walvin
Street Date: October 6, 2016
Item Number (DPCI): 248-30-7783
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Ashghal to launch $27.4bn projects over five yearsby CW Staff on Jan 27, 2013
The Public Works Authority (Ashghal) of Qatar is in the process of launching $27.4bn worth of projects over the next five years, reports The Peninsula.
The latest project to be launched by Ashghal is the $2.7bn Inner Doha Resewerage Implementation Strategy (IDRIS), aimed at addressing Qatar's drainage problems for the next 50 years.
In September 2012, Ashghal had unveiled 221 projects worth $13.7bn. These included: repair and maintenance of highway structures, road improvements in different municipalities, cleaning projects, construction of commercial centres and complexes and traffic-flow improvement.
"To enable the nation to support the future socio-economic needs of the country, Ashghal has adopted a strategic and comprehensive approach to deliver some of Qatar's largest infrastructure projects," said Eng. Nasser Ghaith Al-Kuwari, manager of Ashghal's Drainage Project department.
- RTA appoints Aurecon for further road development
- Qatar economy "least exposed" to oil price drop
- World Bank invites infra investments in Lebanon
- Egypt completes $92m water santitation projects
- 7 new business opportunities for Qatar SMEs
- Masharie divests GCC rubber stakes for $10m
- GCC construction market lacks skilled talent
- Contracts in balance if Schiphol slot not granted
- HSE: Communication is king
- Saudi's 2014 contract awards tumble 25% to $59bn