|Publication number||US3725739 A|
|Publication date||Apr 3, 1973|
|Filing date||Jan 21, 1972|
|Priority date||Jan 21, 1972|
|Publication number||US 3725739 A, US 3725739A, US-A-3725739, US3725739 A, US3725739A|
|Original Assignee||Motorola Inc|
|Export Citation||BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan|
|Patent Citations (7), Referenced by (23), Classifications (21)|
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet|
ilnited States Patent [191 Griffey  3,725,739 51 Apr. 3, 1973  DUAL MODE POWER SUPPLY PROTECTION CIRCUIT  Inventor: Donald E. Grifiey, Skokie, 111.  Assignee: Motorola, Inc., Franklin Park, Ill.
 Filed: Jan. 21, 1972  Appl. No.: 219,707
 US. Cl ..317/l6, 317/22, 317/33 SC, 317/36 TD, 330/207 P, 307/252 J  Int. Cl. ..H02h 3/08, H02h 7/20  Field of Search ..'.307/252 J, 100, 202; 330/207 P; 317/16, 22, 33 SC, 36 TD  References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,526,809 9/1970 Obenhaus ..3l7/335 C 3,448,394 6/1969 Rheaume ..307/202 Swain ..317/335 C Johnstone ..330/207 P Primary Examiner-J. D. Miller Assistant Examinerl-larvey Fendelman Attorney-Vincent J. Rauner et a].
 ABSTRACT An overload protection circuit for a power supply having circuitry for sensing the amount of current delivered by the supply, and for turning off the supply with a silicon controlled rectifier in the event of an overload. Timing circuitry is provided to automatically turn on the power supply a predetermined time following turn-off, and to sense the current delivered to the load to determine whether the overload still exists. 1f the overload has been removed, the operation of the power supply returns to normal, but if the overload persists, the power supply is turned off and a second timing circuit maintains the power supply in the off state until the supply is manually reset.
12 Claims, 1 Drawing Figure 3,475,653 10/1969 Odenberg... ..3l7/16 3,373,317 3/1968 Gilker ..317/22 3,643,151 2/1972 Matsushima ..317/22 OSCILLATOR PATENTEUAPR3 1975 ,7 5,739
OSCILLATOR DUAL MODE POWER SUPPLY PROTECTION CIRCUIT BACKGROUND This invention relates generally to overload protection systems for power supplies, and more particularly to overload systems that sample the condition of the load connected to the power supply to return the power supply to normal operation after a transient overload condition has been removed.
There are many applications wherein it is desired to protect a power supply from possible damage caused by transient and continuing overloads. One such application is in a television receiver that utilizes a switching mode power supply to power the cathode ray tube and other circuits in the receiver. In such a receiver, the normal high voltage arcing which can occur at the anode, or high voltage electrode, of the cathode ray tube can draw sufficient transient current to damage the solid state power supply.
Several techniques for providing protection circuitry for solid state power supplies are known. These systems generally employ a fuse or other shut-down device, such as a silicon controlled rectifier, to turn off the power supply in the event of an overload. Other systems employ circuitry that shuts down the power supply when an overload is present, but allows the power supply to cycle between its on and off states until the overload is removed.
Whereas these techniques provide a way to protect a power supply from the effects of an overload, the first technique shuts down the power supply permanently and requires replacement of a fuse, or manual resetting of the protection circuitry to return the supply to normal operation. The second technique provides an automatic turn-on of the power supply following removal of the overload, but does not provide adequate protection to the power supply when a continuing overload is present, because continuous cycling between the on and off states of the supply can cause overheating and failure of filter capacitors and other power supply components.
SUMMARY It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved circuit for protecting a power supply from the effects of a recurring overload.
It is a further object of this invention to provide an automatic overload protection system for the high voltage power supply of a television receiver.
It is another object of this invention to provide a power supply protection system that automatically monitors the condition of load after a predetermined time following shut-down, and turns on the power supply if the overload has been removed.
A still further object of this invention is to provide a power supply protection circuit that maintains the power supply in its off state in the event of a continuing overload.
Still another object of the invention is to provide an improved power supply protection system that does not need to be reset manually following a transient overload.
In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention, a silicon controlled rectifier is employed in conjunction with a switching mode power supply of the type employing an oscillator to provide oscillations which are subsequently amplified and transformed to a predetermined level through the use of a transformer. A sensing circuit is coupled to the transformer for triggering the silicon controlled rectifier when the current flowing in the transformer exceeds a predetermined amount. The silicon controlled rectifier diverts current from the oscillator, thereby shutting down the power supply. The amount of current diverted through the silicon controlled rectifier is chosen to be slightly above the holding current of the silicon controlled rectifier, thereby preventing the silicon controlled rectifier from permanently latching and allowing the silicon controlled rectifier to be turned off by lowering the impedance between its gate and cathode electrodes.
A timing circuit is employed to turn off the silicon controlled rectifier after a predetermined time duration following the overload, and allow the power supply to be turned on at a.controlled rate. If the overload is transient, such as an arc in the cathode ray tube, the operation of the power supply returns to normal. If the overload persists, as in the case of a short circuit, the power supply is turned off, and remains off until it is manually or otherwise reset.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING The single FIGURE is a combined schematic and block diagram showing the protection circuit according to the invention employed to protect a switching mode power supply.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION The FIGURE shows an embodiment of the dual mode overload protection circuit employed to protect a switching mode power supply used in a television receiver. An oscillator 10, an amplifier/driver transistor 12, a transformer 15 and a rectifier 19 comprise a typical solid state power supply used to energize various circuits in a television receiver, including the cathode ray tube. Oscillator 10 is connected through a resistor 20 to the power supply A+ and receives direct current from power supply A+ to power the oscillator. Oscillator 10 provides alternating current oscillations, which in this embodiment occur at the horizontal picture scanning frequency. Oscillator 10 is connected to amplifier/driver transistor 12 and supplies oscillations thereto. The collector 12c of amplifier/driver transistor 12 is connected to a primary winding 16 of transformer 15, also having secondary windings 17 and 18. Transformer 15 is used to transform the oscillations applied to primary 16 by transistor 12 to a predetermined voltage level sufficient to energize other receiver circuitry. The rectifier 19 is connected to one end of secondary 17 and is used to rectify the voltage appearing across secondary 17 to provide the direct current voltage required by the receiver. Although only a single secondary 17 and rectifier 19 for powering the receiver are shown, it should be noted that any number necessary to provide the voltages required by the receiver may be used.
Resistor 20, which supplies power to oscillator 10 is also connected to one terminal of each of capacitor 22, a zener diode 24 and a capacitor 26. The other terminal of capacitor 22 and zener diode 24 are connected to a common, or ground potential. A resistor 28 is connected between ground and the other terminal of capacitor 26. Zener diode 24 provides a substantially constant reference voltage to operate oscillator 10. Capacitors 22 and 26 are filter capacitors and serve to prevent extraneous signals from adversely affecting the operation of oscillator 10. The function of resistor 28 will be explained later in this specification.
The protection circuit, generally designated as 60, according to the invention, for the above described power supply, comprises a thyristor, in this case a silicon controlled rectifier 30, transistors 32, 34 and 36, a diode 38, a zener diode 29, a current sensing resistor 40 and associated passive components connected to the above-mentioned components. Sensing resistor 40 is connected in a series circuit with primary 16 and transistor 12. The anode of diode 38 is connected to resistor 40. The cathode of diode 38 is connected through a resistor 46 to base 36b of transistor 36. A capacitor 44 is connected between the cathode of diode 38 and ground. Collector 360 of transistor 36 is connected through a resistor 48 to the power supply A+ and to base 341) of transistor 34. Collector 340 of transistor 34 is connected to a rectification and filtering circuit comprising resistors 33 and 35, a capacitor 37 and a diode 39, which is connected to secondary 18 of transformer 15. Emitter 34a of transistor 34 is connected to a resistor 31 which provides an emitter load for transistor 34 and to base 32b of transistor 32. Collector 320 of transistor 32 is connected to gate electrode 30g of silicon controlled rectifier 30. The anode electrode 30a of silicon controlled rectifier 30 is connected to resistor 20, capacitors 22, 26 and zener diode 24. The cathode electrode 30c of silicon controlled rectifier 30 is connected to ground. A resistor 42 is connected between the junction of gate 30g and collector 32c and the anode of zener diode 29. The cathode of zener diode 29 is connected to sensing resistor 40. A resistor 50 is connected between gate 30g and ground, and emitters 32a and 36a of transistors 32 and 36, respectively, are connected to ground to complete the circuit.
In operation, a voltage proportional to the current flowing through primary 16 is developed across current sensing resistor 40. In the event of an overload in the secondary circuit of transformer 15, the current in primary 16 will rise, causing the voltage across resistor 40 to increase sufficiently to break down zener diode 29 and turn on silicon controlled rectifier 30. As silicon controlled rectifier 30 turns on, the voltage at its anode 30a is substantially reduced to a value approaching ground potential. Capacitors 22 and 26 are discharged through silicon controlled rectifier 30, with resistor 28 serving to limit the discharge current of capacitor 26 to a value below the maximum current capacity of silicon controlled rectifier 30. Resistor 28 also allows the anode 30a of silicon controlled rectifier 30 to be rapidly brought to a value approaching ground potential when silicon controlled rectifier 30 becomes conductive by allowing the voltage at capacitor 26 to appear across resistor 28 rather than across silicon controlled rectifier 30. This action allows the anode 30a of silicon controlled rectifier 30 to be brought rapidly to a value approaching ground, or zero, potential without requiring that capacitor 26 be completely discharged, thereby rapidly diverting current from oscillator 10,
and assuring substantially immediate tum-off of the oscillator to rapidly shut down the power supply. The time required to shut down the power supply is thus substantially equal to the turn on time of silicon controlled rectifier 30. The turn on time of a silicon controlled rectifier is on the order of one microsecond, which is suffic'iently fast to prevent damage to the power supply.
In order to better understand the operation of the circuit, a brief description of the operation of a silicon controlled rectifier follows. A silicon controlled rectifier is a four-layer diode having four adjacent layers of oppositely conductive type semiconductor material, such as, for example, P-N-P-N. The anode of the silicon controlled rectifier is normally connected to the first P- type layer, while the cathode is connected to the last N- type layer. The gate, or control electrode, is normally connected to the P-type layer adjacent to the cathode. The four-layer structure is normally non-conductive, and becomes conductive upon application of a cathode to anode potential sufficient to produce avalanche effects, or upon the application of a gate signal sufficient to forward bias the gate to cathode junction of the device and provide a predetermined current flow therethrough. The four-layer structure is inherently regenerative, and if the external circuit connected between the cathode and anode of the silicon controlled rectifier provides current significantly greater than a predetermined minimum value known as the holding current, the silicon controlled rectifier will remain conductive regardless of any subsequent signals applied to the gate. If the current flowing between the cathode and anode electrodes of the silicon controlled rectifier is below the holding current, the silicon controlled rectifier will revert to its non-conductive state upon removal of the forward biasing gate signal. For values of anode to cathode current slightly above the holding current, the silicon controlled rectifier will remain conductive upon removal of the gate turn on signal, but the device may be turned off by reducing the impedance between the gate and cathode electrodes. The aforementioned characteristics occur not only in silicon controlled rectifiers, but in other four-layer devices, also known as thyristors, and it should be noted that any thyristor having these characteristics may be used in place of silicon controlled rectifier 30 according to the invention.
The current supplied to silicon controlled rectifier 30 from the power supply A+ through resistor 20, after capacitors 22 and 26 have been completely discharged, is slightly above the holding current of silicon controlled rectifier 30, thereby making the conductivity of controlled rectifier 30 responsive to the impedance between gate 30g and cathode 300. In this embodiment, controlled rectifier 30 has a maximum continuous current rating of 850 milliamperes, and normally diverts approximately 10-l5 milliamperes from the power supply A+ through resistor 20. This value is slightly above the holding current of approximately 5 milliamperes for this particular silicon controlled rectifier, but below the approximately milliamperes of anode to cathode current required to make the device non-responsive to gate to cathode impedance changes.
After silicon controlled rectifier 30 has been rendered conductive by the voltage applied to gate 30g as a result of current flowing through resistor 40, the power supply is shut down thereby reducing the voltage across resistor 40 to substantially zero, which in turn reduces the voltage applied to gate 30g to substantially zero. However, since the current flowing between the anode and cathode of silicon controlled rectifier 30 is in the range of currents slightly above the holding current, controlled rectifier 30 remains conductive.
Prior to shutdown, the voltage appearing across resistor 40 as a result of the overload was coupled to capacitor 44 through diode 38, charging capacitor 44 to a positive voltage. The positive voltage across capacitor 44 forward biases the base 36b of transistor 36, thereby saturating transistor 36, and reduces the voltage at collector 36c of transistor 36 substantially to zero. The low voltage at collector 360, when transistor 36 is saturated, is insufficient to forward bias base 34b of transistor 34, and transistor 34 remains non-conductive. Since transistor 34 is non-conductive, the voltage at emitter 34a is at substantially ground potential. This voltage is insufficient to forward bias the base-emitter junction of transistor 32, and transistor 32 also remains non-conductive. When transistor 32 is in its non-conductive state, the impedance between collector 32c and emitter 32a is relatively high compared to the resistance of resistor 50, which in this case is approximately 500 ohms, and the impedance between gate 30g and cathode 300 of silicon controlled rectifier 30 is approximately equal to the resistance of resistor 50.
Following shutdown, capacitor 44 discharges through resistor 46 and the base to emitter junction of transistor 36. After a length of time determined by the values of capacitor 44 and resistor 46 (about 4 milliseconds in this embodiment), capacitor 44 discharges to a level insufficient to maintain saturation of transistor 36. As transistor 36 begins to turn off, voltage is applied to base 34b from the power supply A+ through resistor 48, causing transistor 34 to become conductive. When transistor 34 becomes conductive, the voltage at emitter 34a rises, thereby forward biasing the base to emitter junction of transistor 32 and causing transistor 32 to saturate. As transistor 32 saturates, the impedance between collector 32c and emitter 32a is reduced, and drops substantially below the value of the resistance of resistor 50. This substantially reduces the impedance between gate 30g and cathode 30c of silicon controlled rectifier 30, and allows silicon controlled rectifier 30 to return to its non-conductive state.
After silicon controlled rectifier 30 has returned to its non-conductive state, capacitors 22 and 26 are charged from the power supply A+ through resistor 20. Capacitors 22, 26 and resistor 20 limit the rate of increase of power supply voltage to oscillator 10, thereby allowing the oscillations from oscillator to build up at a controlled rate. The time required for the oscilla tions to build up may range from several milliseconds to approximately 1 second, depending on the type of power supply and load used. The controlled oscillations are applied to amplifier/driver transistor 12, which in turn applies an alternating current signal having a controlled build-up to transformer 15. The controlled build-up of the signal applied to transformer controls the rate of build-up of the output voltage of the power supply and prevents reactive loads, such as, for example, filter capacitors attached to the power supply,
from drawing excessive current during turn on. This protects the power supply from being damaged by excessive current and prevents false triggering of the protection circuitry.
If the fault, or overload, which cause the initial shutdown was a transient overload, such as, for example, arcing in the cathode ray tube, only nominal voltage will appear across resistor 40 after silicon controlled rectifier 30 is turned off, and normal operation of the power supply will resume. 1f the overload is the result of a permanent fault, such as, for example, a short circuit, the voltage across resistor 40 will increase as the signal applied to transformer 15 from amplifier/driver transistor 12 increases. The increased voltage across resistor 40 will break down zener diode 29 and cause silicon controlled rectifier 30 to become conductive to again shut down the power supply.
Following the second shutdown, however, the power supply will not automatically turn on again. This is achieved by proper selection of the time constants of the filtering circuit comprising resistors 33, 35 and capacitor 37. Capacitor 37 is charged from secondary l8 and diode 39 through resistor 33. Resistors 33 and 35 limit the rate at which capacitor 37 is charged, and in this embodiment, the charging time constant of capacitor 37 is approximately 1 second. In the event of a fault, capacitor 37 maintains its charge for a sufficient time to allow transistor 32 to be turned on when transistor 34 becomes conductive. Capacitor 37 is then rapidly discharged (in about 0.5 milliseconds in this embodiment) through transistor 34 and the base to emitter junction of transistor 32. During this time, capacitor 37 supplies the necessary current to saturate transistor 32, which in turn renders silicon controlled rectifier 30 non-conductive.
For transient overloads, such as arcing in the picture tube, the power supply returns to normal operation, and capacitor 37 is charged by the voltage appearing at secondary 18. This returns the protection circuit to its cyclic mode, thereby assuring automatic turn on in the event of another transient overload. lf the overload condition persists, as in the case of a short circuit, the voltage across sensing resistor 40 will cause silicon controlled rectifier 30 to become conductive to shut down the power supply before capacitor 37 has charged through resistor 33. In this event, there will be no voltage available at the collector 34c of transistor 34 to cause transistor 32 to turn on when transistor 34 becomes conductive. Hence, the power supply will remain permanently shut off in the event of a continuing overload.
ln this embodiment, the voltage for charging capacitor 37 is obtained from secondary 18 of transformer 15, however, this voltage may be obtained from any point in the television receiver whose voltage drops when the power supply is turned off.
It should be noted that if the permanent turn off feature is not required, as in the case of some low current, low voltage, power supplies, transistor 34 and its associated circuitry may be eliminated, and the base 32b of transistor 32 may be connected to the collector 36c of transistor 36. In this embodiment, the rapid turn off with controlled buildup feature and the automatic reset feature will be retained.
1. A protection system for a power supply for removing power from a load during an overload, including in combination, means for sensing current delivered to said load, a controlled rectifier having gate, cathode and anode electrodes, said cathode and anode electrodes being connected to said power supply and diverting current therefrom upon conduction of said controlled rectifier said gate electrode being coupled to said sensing means and responsive thereto for rendering said controlled rectifier conductive when said current exceeds a predetermined level, variable impedance means connected to said gate and cathode electrodes for reducing the value of impedance therebetween to render said controlled rectifier nonconductive, and means connected in circuit with said controlled rectifier for limiting the current therethrough to a predetermined level for maintaining said controlled rectifier responsive to said variable impedance means.
2. A protection system as recited in claim 1 further including a timing circuit comprising a resistor and a capacitor, said timing means being connected to said variable impedance means and to said sensing means for causing said variable impedance means to reduce the value of the impedance between said gate and cathode electrodes after said controlled rectifier has been conductive a predetermined period of time.
3. A protection system as recited in claim 2 further including capacitor means, said capacitor means being connected to said power supply for receiving charge therefrom, and to said variable impedance means for providing power thereto for maintaining said variable impedance means responsive to said timing circuit for rendering said controlled rectifier non-conductive predetermined number of successive times.
4. In a switching mode power supply operating from a source of direct current potential and utilizing an oscillator and a transformer, an overload protection system comprising; sensing means connected in circuit with said transformer for sensing output current delivered by said power supply and providing a sensing signal in response thereto, a controlled rectifier connected to divert current from said oscillator, said controlled rectifier having cathode, anode and gate electrodes, means coupled to said Sensing means and to the gate electrode of said controlled rectifier for rendering said controlled rectifier conductive in response to the sensing signal from said sensing means when the output current exceeds a predetermined value to cause said controlled rectifier to divert direct current from said oscillator through said cathode and anode electrodes, thereby rendering said oscillator and said power supply substantially inoperative, means connected to one of said cathode and anode electrodes for limiting said diverted current to a predetermined level less than the current required to cause said controlled rectifier to become nonresponsive to said gate electrode, and variable impedance means connected to said gate and cathode electrodes for providing a low impedance path therebetween for rendering said controlled rectifier non-conductive.
5. A system as recited in claim 4 further including a timing circuit connected to said variable impedance means, said variable impedance means being responsive to said timing circuit to provide said low impedance path between said gate and cathode electrodes for rendering said controlled rectifier non-conductive after a predetermined time duration following said controlled rectifier being rendered conductive.
6. A system as recited in claim 5 further including capacitor means connected to said power supply for receiving charge therefrom and to said variable impedance means for making said variable impedance means responsive to said timing circuit for rendering said controlled rectifier non-conductive a predetermined number of successive times.
7. A system as recited in claim 9 wherein said predetermined number is one.
8. A system as recited in claim 5 wherein said timing circuit includes a resistor and a capacitor, and a diode connected to said capacitor and to said sensing means for receiving current therefrom for charging said capacitor.
9. A system as recited in claim 5 further including resistance-capacitance means for controlling the rate of build up and decay of voltage applied from said source of direct current potential to said oscillator, said resistance-capacitance means being connected to the cathode and anode electrodes of said controlled rectifier, said oscillator, and said source of direct current potential, said resistance-capacitance means including a series connected resistor and capacitor connected across said cathode and anode electrodes for determining said rate.
10. A system as recited in claim 8 wherein said coupling means includes a zener diode.
l 1. A protection system as recited in claim 1 wherein said variable impedance means includes a transistor having emitter and collector electrodes, one of said emitter and collector electrodes being connected to said gate electrode and the other of said emitter and collector electrodes being connected to said cathode electrode for providing a low impedance between said gate and cathode electrodes when said transistor is rendered conductive.
12. A power supply protection system as recited in claim 11 wherein said current limiting means includes a resistor.
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|US3369154 *||Aug 3, 1965||Feb 13, 1968||William H. Swain||Overload protector for electrical current supply including a solid state breaker with improved sequencing logic combined with or without a combined electromechanical breaker|
|US3373317 *||Jan 17, 1966||Mar 12, 1968||Mc Graw Edison Co||Repeating circuit interrupter with improved step advance control means|
|US3448394 *||Jun 13, 1966||Jun 3, 1969||Webster Electric Co Inc||Overload protection for amplifiers|
|US3475653 *||Jan 11, 1965||Oct 28, 1969||Res Iii Inc||Electrical circuit protector|
|US3526809 *||Aug 28, 1967||Sep 1, 1970||Texas Instruments Inc||Overload protection apparatus|
|US3643151 *||Sep 1, 1970||Feb 15, 1972||Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd||Overcurrent proof constant voltage|
|Citing Patent||Filing date||Publication date||Applicant||Title|
|US3806910 *||Oct 19, 1972||Apr 23, 1974||Check Mate Syst Inc||Product monitoring device and system|
|US3930207 *||Jun 10, 1974||Dec 30, 1975||Unicord Inc||Amplifier with overload protection|
|US4019096 *||Jun 7, 1976||Apr 19, 1977||Rockwell International Corporation||Current limiting apparatus|
|US4020408 *||Oct 2, 1975||Apr 26, 1977||Etatech, Inc.||Pulse width modulated DC-to-DC power converter using a single ended transformer|
|US4070699 *||Nov 10, 1975||Jan 24, 1978||Datascope Corporation||Charging circuits using controlled magnetic fields|
|US4335335 *||Feb 11, 1980||Jun 15, 1982||Rca Corporation||Television receiver high voltage protection circuit|
|US4343028 *||Jan 21, 1981||Aug 3, 1982||Rca Corporation||Television receiver high voltage generator protection circuit|
|US4345275 *||Jan 16, 1981||Aug 17, 1982||Rca Corporation||High voltage protection circuit for a television receiver|
|US4360850 *||Oct 30, 1979||Nov 23, 1982||Hurletronaltair, Inc.||Intrinsically safe electrostatic assist units|
|US4363064 *||Jul 27, 1981||Dec 7, 1982||The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy||Overcurrent protection system|
|US4544981 *||Oct 1, 1984||Oct 1, 1985||Harris Corporation||Short circuit protector/controller circuit|
|US4634932 *||Apr 30, 1985||Jan 6, 1987||Nilssen Ole K||Lighting system|
|US4641064 *||Apr 29, 1985||Feb 3, 1987||Rca Corporation||Television power supply shutdown circuit|
|US4656399 *||Apr 29, 1985||Apr 7, 1987||Rca Corporation||Television power supply turn-on protection circuit|
|US4678984 *||Apr 21, 1986||Jul 7, 1987||Sperry Corporation||Digital power converter input current control circuit|
|US4731655 *||Aug 27, 1986||Mar 15, 1988||Rca Corporation||Protection circuit for improper line voltage|
|US4792735 *||Jul 2, 1987||Dec 20, 1988||Kim In Suk||Apparatus for adjusting torque and speed of a dentist handpiece D.C. motor|
|US5243487 *||Dec 20, 1990||Sep 7, 1993||Hurletron Incorporated||Gravure press with crowbar circuit|
|US5734564 *||Jul 26, 1996||Mar 31, 1998||Lucent Technologies Inc.||High-efficiency switching power converter|
|DE2445032A1 *||Sep 20, 1974||Apr 1, 1976||Siemens Ag||Schaltungsanordnung fuer einen mittelfrequenz-umrichter|
|DE3415777A1 *||Apr 27, 1984||Oct 31, 1984||Canon Kk||Stromversorgungseinrichtung|
|DE3638035A1 *||Nov 7, 1986||May 11, 1988||Siemens Ag||Switching-off arrangement for a regulated power supply unit|
|EP0374417A2 *||Oct 20, 1989||Jun 27, 1990||Albert Walter Duin||Protection device for electrical apparatuses|
|U.S. Classification||361/57, 361/75, 363/56.1, 363/20, 315/411, 327/475, 330/207.00P, 348/378|
|International Classification||H02H3/02, G05F1/10, H02H7/20, H02H3/08, H04N3/18, H04N5/63, H02H3/07|
|Cooperative Classification||H02H3/07, H02H7/20, H02H3/08|
|European Classification||H02H3/07, H02H3/08, H02H7/20|


Most people believe that automation is only relevant to the concepts of marketing or manufacturing, however technological advances indicate there are and will be great changes to the different industrial sectors. There are currently a wide variety of automation processes for different sectors, which will help them to benefit financially. But what will this benefit
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Governor Katie Hobbs has ordered flags at all state buildings to be lowered to half-staff from sunrise to sunset on Friday, January 26, 2024 and on Saturday, February 3, 2024 (day of interment), in honor of Safford Mayor Jason Kouts, who passed away on January 24, 2024.
“I am saddened to hear of the passing of Mayor Jason Kouts. He was a beloved leader of the Safford community, born and raised in the Gila Valley and spent his life in service to others. My deepest condolences go out to his family, loved ones and the residents of Safford. I’ve ordered flags at all state buildings be lowered to half-staff in his honor and memory on Friday, January 26 and on the day of interment, February 3," said Governor Katie Hobbs.
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Burtle History, Family Crest & Coats of Arms
The name Burtle first arose amongst the Anglo-Saxon tribes of Britain. It is derived from their having lived in either the settlement of Birtle in the county of Lancashire or the settlement of Birtles in the county of Cheshire. The names of these places are derived from the Old English word bridd, meaning young bird or nestling, and indicates that the places were originally known as nesting grounds for birds.
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Migration of the Burtle family to Ireland
Some of the Burtle family moved to Ireland, but this topic is not covered in this excerpt. More information about their life in Ireland is included in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.
Emigration to Australia followed the First Fleets of convicts, tradespeople and early settlers. Early immigrants include:
Burtle Settlers in Australia in the 19th Century

domain: geography


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domain: design


text:
Longtime instructors grab from a ready wheelbarrow of accumulated tricks the parables, dad jokes, and double takes with which to hold students’ attention for ninety minutes. At some point in the semester, often in the first third, I watch my film students wince on learning I still request DVDs. Buying movies they understand. The covers are cool; they grew up with parents playing Pixar movies in the player (some even remember seeing VHS around the house); besides, Floridians understand it may take days for BellSouth or Xfinity to restore WiFi service after even minor hurricanes. But using a streaming service to request hard copies? Continue reading
Whether it was Orson Welles proving how filmmaking and prestidigitation are species from the same genus, Bob Fosse pointing out the rot in the cultivation of a public persona, or Douglas Sirk shoving Americans’ noses into the cake of their polite racism, these final films incarnated what made these directors watching. All of then rank at or near the top of their director’s canon. Because it’s the holidays, John Huston’s adaptation of James Joyce’s short story looks most relevant; because we’re living in a permanently altered landscape, The Sacrifice looks most frightening. Continue reading
On first glance, the stylish MTV videos he directed for stars and wannabes look like his strongest work. So much of David Fincher’s film career consists of genre efforts with chic staging of violence. But like Otto Preminger the lumbering pace of bureaucracies and the sturdiness of institutions fascinate him: police departments (Seven, Zodiac), Harvard administrators (The Social Network), marriage (Gone Girl), masculinity (Fight Club), Brad Pitt (pick three). Few of his films reward further study, despite the precision of their visual design; The Curious Case of Benjamin Button and The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo are rebukes to the notion that movies should be more than excuses or precise visual design. The exception: Zodiac (2007), an Unsolved Mysteries episode whose body count wears down a generation of Bay Area investigators. Continue reading
The usual tensions between wanting to recognize smaller over splashier fare manifested itself in the nominations by Florida Film Critics Circle, the organization to which I belong. Marriage Story led with the most nominations. I’m delighted to see Transit‘s Franz Rogowski and the enthusiasm for Céline Sciamma’s Portrait of a Lady on Fire, which hasn’t opened in South Florida.
For more categories, click here.
Portrait of a Lady on Fire
Adam Driver, Marriage Story
Adam Sandler, Uncut Gems
Antonio Banderas, Pain and Glory
Franz Rogowski, Transit
Joaquin Phoenix, Joker
Taron Egerton, Rocketman
Charlize Theron, Bombshell
Elisabeth Moss, Her Smell
Florence Pugh, Midsommar
Renée Zellweger, Judy
Scarlett Johansson, Marriage Story
BEST SUPPORTING ACTOR
Anthony Hopkins, The Two Popes
Brad Pitt, Once Upon a Time in Hollywood
Joe Pesci, The Irishman
John Lithgow, Bombshell
Tom Hanks, A Beautiful Day in the Neighborhood
BEST SUPPORTING ACTRESS
Annette Bening, The Report
Isla Fisher, The Beach Bum
Jennifer Lopez, Hustlers
Laura Dern, Marriage Story
Margot Robbie, Bombshell
Scarlett Johansson, Jojo Rabbit
Zhao Shuzhen, The Farewell
Céline Sciamma, Portrait of a Lady on Fire
Greta Gerwig, Little Women
Sam Mendes, 1917
BEST ORIGINAL SCREENPLAY
Bong Joon-Ho and Han Jin-Won, Parasite
Céline Sciamma, Portrait of a Lady on Fire
Lulu Wang, The Farewell
Noah Baumbach, Marriage Story
Quentin Tarantino, Once Upon a Time in Hollywood
Ronald Bronstein, Benny Safdie and Josh Safdie, Uncut Gems
BEST ADAPTED SCREENPLAY
Anthony McCarten, The Two Popes
Greta Gerwig, Little Women
Micah Fitzerman-Blue and Noah Harpster, A Beautiful Day in the Neighborhood
Steven Zaillian, The Irishman
Taika Waititi, Jojo Rabbit
Terrence Malick, A Hidden Life
No one who loved film in South Florida could have predicted ten years ago the arrival of several art house theaters. With the opening of O Cinema and Coral Gables Art Cinema and the transplanting of MIami Beach Cinematheque to bigger digs on Washington Avenue (O took over MBC last August), and the reactivation of Tower Theater under the aegis of Miami-Dade College, cineastes have options. Those of us long in the tooth remember a time when we’d pray a David Cronenberg film would hold just one more weekend at AMC Cocowalk as the multiplex made room for the latest chapter of Lord of the Rings.
New talents emerged (Joanna Hogg). Old masters found new ways to startle (Hirokazu Kore-eda, Claire Denis, Jim Jarmusch), with a deep bow to Frederick Wiseman, maker of several long documentaries (including National Gallery, In Jackson Heights, Ex Libris, and Monrovia, Indiana) that, within the confines of realist cinema, examined communities in peril. We said goodbye to Chantal Akerman, responsible for teaching us a new way of seeing. When a Todd Haynes tested himself, he produced fascinating, fraught movies like Carol with which I tousled but still watched repeatedly. So did Steven Spielberg with Lincoln, a film of its moment, this one the reelection of Barack Obama and the retelling of the fiction of bipartisan comity. In the same way stars like Laura Dern, Robert Pattinson and his Twilight co-star Kristen Stewart, and Brad Pitt discovered how age allowed for a foundation settlement firm enough to test the interstices of craft and star power; Juliette Binoche, her years as a global star behind her, reinvented herself in picture after picture. Olivier Assayas wrote and directed several films — a couple of which Binoche was lead — in which I lost interest but gained American box office traction.
Below are the fifty best films I watched this decade. If I reviewed it during its original American release, click on the director(s). 2019, of course, hasn’t ended yet, it should go without saying.
Annoyed by the thought of conscripting mirth, conscious that no one looked or talked like me, I didn’t watch many sitcoms growing up except The Cosby Show, which to a ten-year-old was queer enough in the archaic sense to play like a documentary of an Inuit tribe. Continue reading
I belonged to a Facebook film forum to which I’d often post links to my lists and reviews. On Friday afternoon a couple members and I had what I thought was a polite discussion about gender and sexuality and the casting of Scarlett Johannson as a transgender character in Rub & Tug, specifically about the importance of separating gender from sexuality. A poster alluded to Felicity Huffman in Transamerica. Not a good movie, I said, but at least the casting made sense: Huffman, a cis woman, plays a trans woman. Instead of decrying the “cultural Stalinism” of Hollywood, to quote a poster, let’s focus our anger at the industry’s reluctance to cast trans actors.
Yesterday morning I realized I’d been kicked off the forum; the moderator has also blocked access to him on Facebook. Perhaps other reasons led to my elimination. But if what I suspect is true, then here’s another reminder that liberals disgusted with Donald Trump who support gay marriage and may even have queer pals will turn into the most blinkered #MAGA cap wearers when they must discard a lifetime’s worth of assumptions.
The New Yorker‘s Alice Gregory interviewed Claire Denis as the French director works on High Life, herEnglish-language début starring Robert Pattinson and André Benjamin of Outkast and set in space. Among many fascinating bits are the following:
After buying coffee and taking her seat, Denis began to talk about her mother, who had died, at the age of ninety-four, six months earlier, during the filming of “High Life.” Still in mourning, Denis seemed incapable of avoiding the topic, turning to it in many of our conversations, with little or no segue. “When she was pregnant with my little brother, she had a bad pregnancy and had to stay in bed,” Denis said. After giving birth, her mother became depressed. “I remember very well, this little boy was my son, for a long time, until she recovered and took over. I remember when she was an old lady and she would say, ‘My son, my son!’ She was really in love with her son. And I had to tell her, ‘You know, in the beginning, he was mine!’ And it’s true that at that moment I realized how beautiful it was to see a new baby born, the changes every day.”
Denis, who never remarried, also never had children. Earlier, when we spoke about the decision, or nondecision, she told me, “It was a pain, and then it was a memory, and now I have accepted it.” She added, “Maybe this is just convenient for me, but I never thought of being a mother as an accomplishment for a woman.” At the same time, “loneliness, independence, solitude—it’s heavy,” Denis said. Since her divorce, a half century ago, she has had two long-term companionships. One lasted for twelve years, and the other, with a man whom she would not identify beyond confirming that he’s “also in film,” is, as she put it, “still going on.” She continued, “It’s also heavy to be a couple, but solitude is something very special that clearly tells you at some moments, in the day or night, that if you were to die in the next moment you wouldn’t ever again see a human face.”
I’ve written about solitude — aloneness — as a queerness. Friendships and lovers offer deepening, and the work is the satisfaction.
All this, and Let the Sunshine In you should watch.
After mixing a second cocktail like I never do on school nights and blistering my fingertips, I endured an Oscar ceremony slightly less predictable than expected: the appearance of nonagenarian Eva Marie Saint, trim and still hardy with a grin and a quip, enlivened a somnolent evening even with the likes of Ansel Elgort and Armie Hammer shooting raw hot dogs at plebeians watching the show next door to the theater. My monkey wrench picks to win? They lost. The Academy decided an award to Jordan Peele and bowing before Guillermo del Toro’s fish man movie was enough #woke for one night.
Before the ceremony A.S. Hamrah wrote a few amusing blurbs on last year’s most acclaimed films. Here’s a few:
When National Public Radio warns you about one of their upcoming pledge drives, they play a spot asking “if you believe democracy requires a free press.” Probably everyone listening believes that, but you never know. Steven Spielberg’s The Post is the perfect movie for those listeners, and for potential viewers who haven’t heard that newspapers, like NPR, need money to run.
The real story in this movie is how Daniel Ellsberg (Matthew Rhys) got the Pentagon Papers to Washington Post reporter Ben Bagdikian (Bob Odenkirk) so The Post could publish them along with The New York Times and help bring the Vietnam War to an end. Spielberg for some reason decided that part of the movie lacked drama, and made it a subplot. The Post concentrates instead on bosses. We are asked to worry about the conscience of Post editor Ben Bradlee (Tom Hanks) and the finances of publisher Katherine Graham (Meryl Streep) as her newspaper launches an IPO while she fiddles with her glasses.
CALL ME BY YOUR NAME
Call Me by Your Name’s strength is that it really does seem like the character played by Timothée Chalamet made the film himself. Who else but an actual actor-director would end his film by staring tearfully into a fireplace in winter because he’s realized he will always be separate from other human beings, even though he spent last summer having sex in Lombardy with two kind and very attractive people (Armie Hammer and Esther Garrel)? The first Sufjan Stevens song that interrupts the movie so we can concentrate on nature for a few minutes also indicates the hand of Chalamet’s Elio at work, as he remembers how beautiful it was and how nothing hurt, before he found out on that last trip that Hammer’s Oliver was going to start dancing in public to “Love My Way” again.
THE SHAPE OF WATER
Despite all the positive representation of marginalized people and the explicit condemnation of men who work for the government, the film takes a gleeful delight in torture and pain. Often morose, it livens up when Shannon is tasering the fishman or engaged in bloodletting and beatings. It is a kind of horror movie, it’s true, but those scenes overpower the film’s invocation of desperate forbidden love.
Onward to 2018!
Too young for Wiseguy, I recognized Kevin Spacey as a formidable actor after watching him play an office manager with more cunning than his colorlessness would suggest in the film version of Glengarry Glenn Ross. I wasn’t sure he coded queer onscreen until he and Judy Davis spent ninety minutes bitching in 1994’s forgotten The Ref. Three films in 1995 cemented Spacey’s eminence as Weird Villain Du Jour: Swimming with Sharks, Se7en, and, most known, The Usual Suspects, for which he won the Oscar for Best Supporting Actor. Spacey specialized in a silken, literate menace familiar to Robert Vaughan fans. Two performances fed, lamprey-like, on the signals he sent to gay audiences. As the corrupt cop in L.A. Confidential, Spacey has a spasm of conscience after setting up a wannabe James Dean clone with a closeted assistant district attorney; although director Curtis Hanson shows Spacey dancing with a woman in his first scene, it’s too perfect, and the way Spacey plays it he puts distance between himself and her even if they would’ve sleeping together; it’s as if he’s watching himself while filing his nails. And in 1999’s American Beauty the actor allows himself to figure in a couple of sight gags that are the equivalent of the wink-wink references to secrets concealed he likes to make at award shows: neighbor Chris Cooper, playing yet another closeted man in a Spacey film, looks in horror from his window as his son Wes Bentley seems about to go down on the older man.
A leading man at last, Spacey thereafter stumbled. Like Susan Sarandon, an essential spring snapped in his acting brain the moment he won Best Actor; what came easily to him looked pantomimed. Again, gay audiences could understand the intentional nullity of a character and a performance such as the one played and given, respectively, in K-Pax; Spacey wasn’t good enough an actor to hide human feeling while at the same time quashing the queer notes, as the epistemology of the closet teaches us. Or perhaps he was good enough of an actor but not fearless enough. He didn’t get Kevin Spacey Roles again until House of Cards‘ Frank Underwood but too late: the memory of an instinctive malevolence clung to every gesture, neutering him. Better is the ring leader in Baby Driver, where Spacey figures out that, at this stage in his career, he can best show lust for another man onscreen by being as curt as possible.
By now the world knows what likely happened between Spacey and actor Anthony Rapp in 1986 when Rapp was fourteen. Spacey’s statement doesn’t deny it happened; he says he doesn’t remember it happening, which newspaper veterans will note is a non-denial denial. Michelangelo Signorile makes a couple of well-intentioned mistakes in his column denouncing Spacey. When Spacey wrote, “I choose down to live as a gay man,” Signorile scoffed, “This is the language of the enemies of LGBTQ equality, who claim homosexuality is a choice.” Choosing to live publicly as gay is a choice; indeed, choosing to come out is a choice. Nathaniel Rogers makes a point I’ve seen often:
Soon we’ll see the tired old hateful tropes come to play wherein LGBT enemies and ignorant media will equate homosexuality (which is neither good nor evil but just is… like heterosexuality) with predatory behavior and illegal activities like sex with minors.
After two weeks of revelations that have likely proved career-ending for Harvey Weinstein, Mark Halperin, and James Toback, I doubt the straight public will associate predatory behavior in which minors are targets as exclusively homosexual behavior. The Roy Moores thought we were evil before 2017. Let them think so and die.
A separate but related point: comporting oneself around the young remains a fraught topic in gay circles. The paranoia we feel is both one of the last vestiges of the closet and, I admit with regret, a necessary one. For terrified parents, how easy is it to think the predations of older men contaminated their sons. When I was eight, one of my grandmother’s closet friends, a married man who I learned years later led a double life with the wife’s consent, stopped visiting her home. We remain forever on guard around the young lest we provoke suspicions.
But despite the victory-lap setup, Demme frames the concert as just another day on the job, especially for musicians and dancers in Timberlake’s expansive retinue. Timberlake is the movie’s center, but it often seems more interested in the people off to either side. During “Let the Groove Get In,” Timberlake strides out onto a transparent catwalk stretched over the audience, the better to show off his impressive dance moves. But when it’s his turn to hold the spotlight, Demme cuts back to the stage, framing a distant Timberlake between a horn player and a guitarist whose bodies dominate the frame, as if to remind us who’s really responsible for that all-important groove.
Adams rather too strenuously assures readers that Timberlake is a minor performer, but it doesn’t matter. Demme’s method allowed vestigial talents their moment — and why not? Flattering the performers by emphasizing their labor on stage constituted Demme’s best talent; Demme had no patience for star turns. A pity he never filmed Drake.
A frivolity I can’t forego, the Golden Globes take place the evening before I return to work through a grueling new semester. If I want to know about “grueling,” let’s see how many awards the Hollywood Foreign Press hands to La La Land. I confine my commentary to movies unless the spirit, i.e. Aperol, moves me. Continue reading

domain: artistic


text:
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domain: entertainment


text:
Accession Number : AD0430476
Title : AIRBORNE CONCEALED MUNITIONS DETECTOR (INPUT PRINCIPLE).
Descriptive Note : Monthly progress rept. no. 5, 1-31 Jan 64.
Corporate Author : BARRINGER RESEARCH LTD REXDALE (ONTARIO)
Report Date : 31 JAN 1964
Pagination or Media Count : 8
Abstract : Work continued on the airborne concealed munition detector. A brief period was spent with the prototype receiver in attempting to establish broad limits on the range of the breadboard system. Having established reasonable range figures for the equipment as it is on the bench, the electronic portions were then positioned within the transmitting coil tube. While it was pos sible to operate the system when so assembled, it became apparent that the difficulties to be experienced when operating the very low level receiver within the intense transmitting field were somewhat greater than previously estimated. As the range figures (measurable in tens of feet) were encouraging, a beginning has been made on the final breadboard bird with which actual flying tests can be conducted. (Author)
Descriptors : (*ORDNANCE LOCATORS, AIRBORNE), ELECTROMAGNETIC SHIELDING, RADIO TRANSMITTERS, RADIO RECEIVERS, PAYLOAD, TOWED BODIES, COILS
Distribution Statement : APPROVED FOR PUBLIC RELEASE

domain: library


text:
Tipperary, The Golden Vale County is rich with culture, heritage and scenery. Lush landscapes & fascinating archaeological sites like Rock of Cashel cannot be missed.
Clonmel in South Tipperary is situated along the River Suir nestled in the Comeragh Mountains. Clonmel is the ideal base to visit a wide range of wonderful attractions. These not only include the breath-taking scenery at the Glen of Aherlow but Cahir Castle, the Swiss Cottage, Mitchelstown Caves and in addition a feast of cycling, golf, walking and equestrian activities.
Rent a bike, inhale the fresh air, head off on a casual ramble in the Nore Valley or spend the day at Clonmel racecourse, the choice is truly endless. Neighbouring counties Cork, Clare, Limerick, Waterford & Kilkenny are easily reached from Clonmel.
Some events locally worth checking out during the year are:
Finding a Voice is a five-day festival of music by women composers, coinciding with International Women's Day.
Finding a Voice features leading Irish and international performers, playing music by women composers, to demonstrate the range and depth of creativity of women through the ages.
The Clonmel Junction Festival will take place from 1st to 9th of July. The Clonmel Junction Arts Festival celebrates the town of Clonmel and the artists who live and work there. It will feature a range of music, dance, theatre and more, as it brings the best of local and regional art together.
For more information: www.junctionfestival.com
The Cashel Arts Festival is a four-day festival located in town of Cashel, taking place from Thursday 14th - Sunday 17th September. The festival will contain music, dance, theatre, film, falimy events and more. The festival uses the town’s heritage sites, such as the Rock of Cashel, as dramatic backdrops to a fine selection of contemporary arts events.
For more information: www.cashelartsfest.com
The Clonmel Applefest is an annual festival that celebrates the food, heritage, and nature of Clonmel. It brings the town's medieval heart to life with celebration of it's industrial and agricultural heritage. Applefest invites families, residents, tourists and anyone intrested in farming or nature to enjoy the vibrant artistic programme.
For more informations: www.clonmelappplefest.ie
Clonmel Busking Festival is an annual event that takes place on the second weekend of August. The Busking Festival provides free music and events throughout Clonmel. The festival brings the people of Clonmel together throughout a vibrant weekend of art performances.
For more informations click here.
The Clonmel Agricultural Show is a registered charity with the objective to promote agricurture and horticulture. The show provides amusements, a dog show, arts and crafts, trade stands and much more. It takes place on Sunday the 2nd of July.
For more information: www.clonmelshow.ie
Clancy Brothers Festival is an annual festival that features a variety of music concerts, workshops, sporting events and an art trail for all ages. Enjoy Open Air concerts, River Festivals, Lunchtime theatre and much more. The festival takes place in Carrick-On-Suir from 31st of May - 5th of June.
For more information: www.clancybrothersfestival.com
Cahir Trad Fest is an annual festival every September over a weekend that is filled with music and dance. The festival includes concerts, a trad trail, competitions and workshops.
Also north of the county celebrating the bounty of Tipperary’s rich and fertile lands is ‘A Taste of Lough Derg’, a series of food events around the towns and villages of the Lough Derg Lakelands running from June to September.
So if any of these events are of interest to you, then why not stayover and make a night of it, to check out our special offers just click here


text:
Even as survivors cope in the aftermath of tornado devastation in Oklahoma, salvaging what they can, they are not short on faith and hope!
Things that were once part of everyday life are now part of the brutal landscape.
Gloria Martinez, one of the survivors says, "It's hard. It's hard but you know, I know that the Lord is going to provide. He's provided before, he has shown his power to us before, so I know everything happens for a reason and we're still faithful and he's faithful to us."
Another one braves it as well, "It's going to take time to rebuild, the families, you look at you see the movies and everything, but when you are actually standing there, yeah...so."
The destruction has been mind blowing but the surviving residents are salvaging what they can and are still confident about the future.
Juan Dills, who lost his home says, "We're from Oklahoma, we'll come through, it's normal for weather to be like this. You know we'll all going to stick together and everything is going to work out. Everything is going to work out. "

domain: sociology


text:
Manchester City head coach Pep Guardiola has, on Friday, provided an insight into the future of the on-loan Joao Cancelo.
The name of versatile full-back Cancelo, of course, took its place front and centre in the headlines during the January transfer window.
This came upon the powers that be at Premier League champions City springing a major surprise, in allowing the gifted Portuguese to depart on loan.
German heavyweights Bayern Munich, in turn, took full advantage of the situation, bringing Cancelo in for the 2nd-half of the campaign.
After falling out-of-favour in Manchester, however, the 28-year-old has since done likewise in Bavaria, too.
With boss Julian Nagelsmann favouring the full-back pairing of Josip Stanisic and Alphonso Davies, it has even been suggested in the German media that the board at the Allianz Arena have already come to the decision not to make Cancelo’s arrival a permanent one in the summer.
So, what next for a player in a frankly bizarre position, widely regarded as one of the most talented defenders in world football, but unable to lock down a starting berth at club level?
Well, as alluded to above, on Friday, precisely that was put to Manchester City headmaster Pep Guardiola.
Seemingly keen to distance both himself and City from all matters relating to Cancelo, however, Guardiola simply assured that the former Juventus talent is ‘a Bayern Munich player’:

domain: sports


text:
Karlen was born in 2008 and, at the age of 6, entered the Vagharshapat Basic School No. 7 named after Yervand Otyan (Ejmiatsin).
In 2017, Karlen took piano lessons, and in 2019 began his studies at the
"Trio Studio" Art School. Karlen studied acting and vocals.
Karlen loves not only singing but also draws beautifully, and enjoys swimming.


text:
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domain: game


text:
Tesco call centre worker in court over customer data breach
A Tesco call centre worker who emailed himself copies of customer details from the supermarket giant's database will be sentenced next month.
Thomas Wengierow admitted a charge under the Data Protection Act committed when he worked at the company's Baird Avenue centre in Dundee.
Dundee Sheriff Court heard he knowingly or recklessly obtained or disclosed personal data from a Tesco database.
Wengierow then copied the details into an email and sent it to himself.
Th 47-year-old Lithuanian, who returned to Scotland from his home country for the hearing, pleaded guilty to the charge.
David Duncan, defending, said the court would require social work background reports before sentence could be passed.
Sheriff Lorna Drummond deferred sentence until May.

domain: news


text:
BELLBROOK — Bellbrook in considering combining the city’s two fire stations in an estimated $2.09 million project.
City Manager Melissa Dodd said the new, expanded facility is still in the feasibility stages, but is something the city has discussed.
“We are wanting to bring everything under the same roof,” Dodd said.
Bellbrook hired App Architecture, based in Englewood, to draw up some potential plans for an expanded facility that would meet the city’s current needs. App Architecture, in a design study dated May 1, estimates the cost of renovating the facility plus adding onto the facility will be about $1.7 million.
The study estimates that the total construction costs would be $2.09 million.
Dodd presented the design and other plans to city council in October. City council will have an in-depth discussion about the plans later this month. If council approves this project, the downtown fire offices would be closed.
The consolidation would free up space in downtown Bellbrook to be redeveloped, Dodd said. Bellbrook is making an effort to revitalize downtown, Dodd said, and this consolidation could be a art of it. The city plans to earmark funds in the 2021 budget to make downtown Bellbrook more walkable with things like adding crosswalks.
Dodd said city council will consider the plans for the expanded fire station at a work session on Nov. 23. Dodd said conversations about combining the fire stations have gone hand-in-hand with discussions about creating a Community Improvement Corporation.
On Nov. 23, council will also consider creating a Bellbrook Community Improvement Corporation (CIC). Dodd said if council wants to create a CIC, combining the two fire stations would be the corporation’s first project.
City council likely won’t vote on the combined fire station plan or CIC until after November.
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domain: economics


text:
Yemen, Malaysia seek enhanced economic cooperation
A four-day visit to Yemen by Malaysia’s Prime Minister Mahatir Muhammad has recently ended. It followed discussions by representatives from both countries over the possibilities of enhancing bilateral cooperation, particularly regarding investments in the oil sector.
The Malaysian Prime Minister asserted his country’s interest in participating in oil excavation operations and developing Yemen’s oil resources, reported Al-Sharq Al-Awsat. He also added that Malaysia is looking forward to using the port of Aden as a center for re-exporting Malaysian products to neighboring countries in the Middle East and Africa region.
Official statistics reveal that the value of exchanges between Yemen and Malaysia amounted to $67 million last year. This trade volume reflected a large surplus in favor of Malaysia. The Malaysian exports to Yemen totaled $50 million and the Malaysian imports from Yemen amounted to only $17 million in 2000.
Mahathir was accompanied by a several government officials, including the foreign and transport ministers, and 31 corporate leaders representing the private sector. This was Mahathir's first visit to Yemen since his country opened an embassy in Sanaa in 1997. — (Mena Report)
© 2001 Mena Report (www.menareport.com)

domain: finance


The following are the 8 steps for my headlight restoration service. I can guarantee that my service will make your headlights look AWESOME!
This step is similar to what painting contractors do. I start by covering the hood and surrounding areas around the headlights with a sheet. This prevents spots of compound and polish from getting all over during the polishing step.
This is the main step that will remove most of the oxidation from your headlights. I start with the least abrasive sandpaper first. The process is called “wet sanding”. This removes the oxidation and hopefully all of the yellowing if any.
This is where the “AWESOME” happens!! With the oxidation removed, it’s now time to bring back the clarity and shine. If your headlights aren’t very oxidized, this is the part I would start with. Rubbing compound and polish are applied, which have a mild abrasive that will smooth out the final sanding. After this step is finished, the awesome clarity and shine are revealed!
This is where the final result is revealed! I will go over everything I did and kindly ask you if the job was done to your satisfaction. Usually this is where I’m told that I must have REPLACED the headlights, instead of restoring them, because they look BRAND NEW. With your approval, I will do the final part, sealing.
If the job requires me to remove the original factory clearcote, I will apply a ceramic (SiO2) coating to the lights after the job is approved. This coating provides a protective UV barrier, and helps to improve and maintain optical clarity for up to a year, depending on the environment the vehicle is in.
The final step is cleanup. I clean up any remaining compound, polish and excess water from around the headlights and the front part of the vehicle.
If I have truly done an AWESOME job, I would greatly appreciate a review on Google, Nextdoor or the Better Business Bureau. As part of my ongoing customer service, I will follow up with you, via text message, call or email. This is mainly to THANK YOU again for your business, and to hopefully serve your vehicle’s needs in the future.


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In doing so, police rescued 85 children from ongoing abuse and arrested hundreds. He was released in December Premium Content Creek in police lockdown after child attack Crime Police have established a crime scene in a suburban creek after reports of an assault on a child.
October Learn how and when to remove this template message. Murray Alexander Moffat, now 64, was an assistant priest at Sacred Heart Church at Booval when he sexually abused the girl from to — when she was aged between 12 and
Her boyfriend and she enjoyed exchanging sexually explicit images and video through emails and he wanted one of her with her son. You had him cornered. Now On Now on Decider. A sex offender registry information SORI request from the police can be made for a specific individual by name or identifying characteristics.
Boy, 4, 'sexually abused and beaten to death by dad after he soiled pants' Social services Little Noah Cuatro from California was rushed to hospital by parents Jose Maria Cuatro Jr, 28, and Ursula Elaine Juarez, 26, after they claimed he almost drowned - but medics became suspicious when they saw his injuries.
Photo Erika Fish. Pedophile offended again because he felt ostracised. Log in Register.
Show 50 per page Show 10 per page Show 25 per page Show 50 per page. CHILD protection organisation Bravehearts has welcomed mandatory jail time for dangerous sex offenders tampering with their Huckle's mugshot. Archived from the original on 26 September However, he was not charged with rape as prosecutors could not prove that Mason, who was also under the influence of drugs and alcohol at the time, had not mistakenly believed the girl to have consented.

domain: law


text:
More organizations appeal to Trump – ‘Religious liberty is in crisis’
March 14, 2017 (LifeSiteNews) – A growing movement is developing to urge President Trump to honor his explicit campaign promises to protect religious liberty in America. There is increasing worry that he may be caving in to LGBT pressure. Catholic Vote and National Organization for Marriage have become the latest organizations to launch public campaigns on the issue.
The influential CatholicVote.org (CV) has produced a video and written appeal to President Trump urging “executive action to protect religious liberty now!”
You know the stories, now too numerous to count ...
Obama’s notorious HHS Mandate remains in place, threatening Catholic schools and charities like the Little Sisters of the Poor nationwide.
Florist Barronelle Stutzman was just punished by the Washington Supreme Court for declining to arrange flowers for a gay friend’s wedding. Massive fines loom while LGBT extremists are calling for her to be destroyed.
Sweet Cakes By Melissa bakery in Oregon was buried with a fine totaling $135,000 — which forced them to shut down their business.
Religious liberty is in crisis.
People of faith voted for Donald Trump in droves, citing his promises that he would protect religious liberty for everyone.
President Trump has already signed executive orders covering issues from immigration to overseas abortion funding to defeating ISIS …
But today a small minority of advisers to the President are rumored to be stalling executive action on religious liberty.
We haven’t forgotten his promises. We need action now.
Mr. President, it’s time.
National Organization for Marriage’s (NOM) video on the same subject is titled, A Time for Choosing.
… President Trump is considering an urgently-needed Executive Order to protect people of faith from discrimination and retribution by the government because of their faith beliefs, including their beliefs about marriage. But powerful opponents are working to convince him to abandon the Order.
… it's unconscionable and unconstitutional to force people to abandon their religious faith. The first and most immediate step needed to correct this outrage is for President Trump to sign the draft Executive Order protecting religious liberty. Then Congress must act to make it permanent by passing the First Amendment Defense Act.
These two latest organizations join the more than 150 conservative leaders who signed a March 1 public letter urging President Trump to sign the Executive Order protecting religious liberty.
To Get in Touch with The White House click here.
** See important related stories:

domain: politics


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House Rules &
everything you need to know before Check-in
Check-IN & Out
Check In: 14.00 pm
Check Out: 12.00 pm
If you arrive after 18.00 please give prior notice. If you arrive late at night our nightguard will bring you to your room. If you arrive before check-in time you can leave your backpack & enjoy all the Hostel facilities until your room will be ready.
WiFi & Network
The phone Network in Goa is weak. The best network provider in Anjuna is Vodafone. Best way to stay connected is via Internet. We provide free WiFi for all Hostel guests, Internet Speed 20 - 30 Mbps across the property.
Safety & Hygiene
Bar & Restaurant
Enjoy comfort food, cold drinks & good music here and meet people from all around the world. Please be respectful; do NOT bring any outside drinks inside the premises. We offer free drinking water/water filter for all hostel guests.
Night Security, CCTV Cameras in public areas, Private Lockers. Sanitising Stations, Laundry service, Daily property cleaning & sanitising of common areas.
Cats & dogs are part of the Funky Monkey Family. But don't worry - animals are not allowed inside the rooms, dorms or kitchen area. As much as we love animals, we kindly ask you NOT to bring your own pets to the hostel.
Free parking for two-wheelers only. We encourage you to discover Goa “the original way”; by bike, walking, dancing & hopping:) If possible, please do not bring more cars to Goa - our local roads & wildlife are suffering from increased car traffic. (If necessary, you will find paid parking facilities close by)
We are NOT a party hostel (no loud music after 23.00 during workdays). But if you want to Party, Curlie’s & Shiva Valley are just down the beach. Other party & EDM venues (like Hilltop) are a few minutes by bike. During Season you can find live music, jam sessions and Night Markets all around. Once you’re tired from all the dancing you can come back to Funky Monkey and recharge your energies.
Attitude & Behavior
You reap what you sow. Our hostel is a place with a welcoming, warm and peaceful atmosphere. We do not tolerate disrespectful / rude behaviour towards our staff or other guests. Any person found disrespecting staff members, other guests, neighbours or behaving in an inappropriate manner will be asked to leave the property.
1. International travellers require a valid passport & Visa to Check-In.
2. Indian travellers require any government approved ID for Check-In.
3. Minimum age for guests: 18 years
4. Maximum Number of guests within a booking: 4
5. Your bed stays reserved till 18:00, arrival after 18:00 without prior notice will result in cancellation of your reservation.
6. Due to high demand in High-Season (December) we charge the full amount of your reservation as a deposit. Failure to pay this deposit within 5 days results in cancellation. After you made your reservation we will reach out to you with further information.
7. The consuming / advertising/selling of outside alcohol/drugs is strictly forbidden. Do NOT bring any outside drinks to the premises.
8. NO smoking inside the rooms (use outside areas)
9. Remove your shoes before entering the dorm/ room.
10. Guests are responsible for their personal belongings (use lockers!)
11. Be RESPECTFUL towards other guests, staff & the local community.
12. We reserve the right to admission.

domain: travel


text:
By Joshua Burd
Nearly 30 remaining Toys R Us stores in New Jersey are among more than 700 that will likely close or be sold nationwide, as the chain succumbs to a decline fueled by competition from e-commerce and its crushing debt burden.
The company on Wednesday said it filed a motion seeking U.S. Bankruptcy Court approval to begin liquidating its business and inventory in 735 U.S. stores. Based in Wayne, the iconic retailer still lists stores in around 25 municipalities in New Jersey, including many combined Toys R Us and Babies R Us stores as well as some freestanding locations.
Those stores had remained after the chain announced earlier this year that it would close more than 180 nationwide, including about a dozen in the Garden State. The company, which was founded in 1948, has notoriously struggled to keep up in recent years with the rise of Amazon and Walmart.
It also struggled with a reported $5 billion in debt.
Outlets such as The Wall Street Journal and the Washington Post reported late Wednesday afternoon that Toys R Us’ turnaround effort in the U.S. had officially failed. The reports said more than 30,000 U.S. jobs are at risk, but the retailer later confirmed that it was exploring a sale “with certain interested parties” that would allow up to 200 stores to remain open.
Such a transaction would combine the top performing U.S. stores with its Canadian operations, the company said. During the liquidation process, the retailer has asked the bankruptcy court for the right to recall any stores included in the proposed transaction.
New Jersey, which is known for its prized consumer base and its highway shopping corridors, has seen firsthand the decline of big-box and well-known retailers. The state has been hit with a wave of vacancies in its retail properties amid the struggles of everything from Radio Shack and Sports Authority to Macy’s and Sears.
“I am very disappointed with the result, but we no longer have the financial support to continue the company’s U.S. operations,” Dave Brandon, chairman and CEO of Toys R Us, said in a statement posted Thursday morning. “We are therefore implementing an orderly process to shutter our U.S. operations and will pursue going concern sales or reorganizations of certain of our international businesses, while our other international businesses consider their options.”
In its U.S. Bankruptcy Court filing, Toys R Us said it was looking “to begin the process of conducting an orderly wind-down” of its U.S. operations. The company said it would provide more details about the plans for the liquidation of its U.S. stores and going out of business sales in the near term.
The retailer is also pursuing a sale process for its Canadian and international operations in Asia and Central Europe, including Germany, Austria and Switzerland, according to a news release. Its operations in Australia, France, Poland, Portugal and Spain are considering their options in light of the announcement, including potential sale processes in their respective markets.
“There are many people and organizations who have remained in our corner every step along the way,” Brandon added. “I want to thank our extraordinary team members who helped build Toys R Us into a global brand. I also want to express my appreciation for my colleagues on our board who have continued to provide support to sustain the brand and our operations throughout the restructuring process.
“I would also like to thank our vendors who we owe a great deal of gratitude to for their decades of support. This is a profoundly sad day for us as well as the millions of kids and families who we have served for the past 70 years.”


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Newsweek article A new anime project has been announced, but how exactly it will be made and when it will premiere is unclear.
The anime project, dubbed Wood Project, is a new project from Kyoto Animation.
The title comes from the fact that the team behind Wood Project has no previous experience in animation.
The project is being described as a “prequel” to the anime series Wood Project.
The team, which is led by former director Akihiro Hasegawa and writer Yuuki Hayashi, has only worked on a few television shows, including Tokyo Ghoul and K-On!.
The project is described as being inspired by the Japanese forest and the surrounding landscapes, and its creators hope it will capture the essence of the world’s forests and natural habitats.
“I feel that a forest and its natural environment are the main themes of this project, and the way we create them and how we communicate them is the main factor that determines whether or not the wood project will be a good fit,” said Hayashi in a press release.
“The world’s woodlands have been in constant flux in our current society for a long time, and we hope to explore and create a world that reflects this fact.”
The project, which will debut on April 30, 2017 on Niconico, is also being developed by an outside company, called Niconi.
It is unclear when the project will premiere, but it is expected to air sometime this summer.
Hayashi’s previous work on television included his work on the original Tokyo Ghouls, which aired from 2004 to 2006.
Hayate also has been involved in the development of several other projects, including the animated series The World of Z, the first series to feature the original Japanese voice cast from the film Z: The End of Evangelion.


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Lost City could lose its century old school. The small eastern Oklahoma school district is in debt and it needs $250,000 to dig itself out. News On 6 anchor Latoya Silmon says the question will be put voters, who will have their say next Tuesday. Super Tuesday is a big day for Lost City voters. Not only will they choose who they want in the race for president, they'll also decide the future of their school.
The Lost City school bell is the symbol and sound of a new day. But, the days at Lost City School may be numbered.
"The previous administration really put us in a real bind really did and we're trying to dig out of the hole," said Lost City Superintendent Dr. Monty Montgomery.
That hole is $250,000 deep. The money is something Dr. Monty Montgomery says his district has tried to raise.
"We've had carnivals, bingos, dances. We even had four live bands out here one day, auctions, garage sales, anything we can to raise money," said Lost City Superintendent Dr. Monty Montgomery.
The superintendent says they've even scaled down the staff. Parents often double as cafeteria workers, and he serves as the janitor, but none of it has been enough. Now, he says the school may have to be annexed with Hulbert.
"This school has been here for 106 years and it's like a big family. If you lose your school you lose your community," said Lost City School Board President Sharon Gifford.
The community will vote on the annexation on February 5th. Sharon Gifford, who is the school board president and has grandchildren who attend Lost City School, says she'll vote no.
"It's like home so, we definitely want to keep it," said Lost City School Board President Sharon Gifford.
But, with the school building in disarray and creditors on its back, the school is running out of options. Dr. Montgomery says the United Band of Keetoowah Indians has promised to help, but confirmation of that help won't come until after the election.
The district says if its 161 voters approve the annexation, Hulbert will take over its school February 15th. If annexation doesn't pass, they need someone to bail them out by March because that's when all their money runs out.


1951 Allis Chalmers WD
Narrow front WD with power adjustable rear wheels, hyd. lift, snap coupler, 540 live PTO, differential unlock. Mr. Luecke has went through this tractor and finished with an beautiful paint job. If you have been in the market for a WD, this is the one to have!
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Our Itinerary | Part 1 | Part 2 | Part 3 | Part 4 | Part 5 | Part 6 | Part 7 | Part 8 | Part 9 | Part 10
As a self-confessed shopaholic, Disney Springs is/was definitely the second happiest place on earth for me, right after the theme parks themselves. Disney Springs is pretty much a shopaholic’s paradise, with over 100 stores including brands like Kate Spade, Anthropologie, Sephora and Uniqlo, not to mention the insane number of dining options for any budget (of course their ‘cheap’ food was still kinda expensive…).
We visited the place on 3 out of the 6 days that we stayed at our hotel, since it was just a 5-minute walk away – we chose our hotel precisely for that reason – and there were also direct shuttles from the theme parks to Disney Springs, making it even more convenient for us to head there after a full day spent at the parks.
Read On: Buying discounted tickets + Our hotel
Part 1 | Part 2 |Part 3 | Part 4 | Part 5
I’ve been to HK Disneyland 4 times, but I’ll probably never get bored of visiting the ‘Happiest Place on Earth’. Anyway, this post will be pretty short since most of you would’ve been to HK Disney before…and it’s far smaller and less crowded than Shanghai’s Disney so there’s no need for any tips on how to make the most out of your day here; you can easily sit each ride multiple times, since the queue times are non-existent. So let’s jump right in!
You can easily take the metro from any part of HK to Sunny Bay station, and then transfer to a Mickey-themed train on the Disney Resort Line, which brings you to Disneyland directly.
Be sure to plan your trip the day before, so you know what time to set off from your hotel – you don’t want to be late for the park opening!
It’s another 5-minute walk from the station to the park entrance, and there’s many good photo-taking spots even before you enter the park!
Read On: Exploring Disneyland


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Cafe owner Ren juggles a menagerie including irrepressible, tone-deaf chanteuse wife Edith, waitresses Yvette Carte-Blanche and Mimi Labonq, smitten German Officer Grber, Herr Flick of the Gestapo, Police Officer Crabtree (good moaning!) and many more.
COST: Children from $27, Adults from $30
WHEN: Friday 17th of November until Saturday 25th of November, 2017
WHERE: The Art House, 19-21 Margaret St, Wyong
MORE INFO:Click Here
The Art House Presents with The Listies & Critical Stages Touring Hamlet: Prince of Skidmark
A Badaptation of the Bard
Created by Richard Higgins, Matt Kelly & Declan Greene A very cheeky, very clever, utterly irreverent riff on Hamlet – made especially for children.


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Marvel Comics Universe and September 2019 Solicitations Spoilers follows.
New More Ruthless Non Avengers Team Debut In Strikeforce! Solicitation and cover below.
STRIKEFORCE #1 written by Tini Howard, art by German Peralta, cover by Andrea Sorrentino
Doing the dirty jobs the Avengers and other Marvel heroes can’t do!
Angela, Blade, Spider-Woman, Wiccan, the Winter Soldier, Monica Rambeau, and Daimon Hellstrom join forces for a monsterrific bloodbath from the dark mind of rising star Tini Howard. Prepare for a tale from the underside of the Marvel Universe in STRIKEFORCE!
What to do you think?
Tags: comic book solicitations, Marvel, Strikeforce


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Summary and Keywords
In the Meiji era, the modernization of Japan was achieved through the process of the westernization of political, military, and educational systems. Accordingly, the Japanese willingly acquired and learned Western thought by translating literary resources for Japanese readers: the works of writers such as Ralph Waldo Emerson, Edgar Allan Poe, and Nathaniel Hawthorne were frequently translated and introduced at this time. Concurrently, Japanese girls belonging to the urban middle class began to form their own institutionalized culture called shojo, through which they could communicate their interests in literature or art, and/or share aspects of their ordinary school lives. Shojo culture was supported by newly founded magazines targeting schoolgirls with names like Shojo Sekai, Shojo-kai, Shojo-no-tomo, and Jogaku Zasshi. In Japanese shojo, articles on American women and translated literary pieces written by American and European authors, including Frances Hodgson Burnett, were popular. The work of female American writers like Harriet Beecher Stowe, Louisa May Alcott, and Jean Webster was also translated as juvenile literature for Japanese children. Thus, American culture and literature significantly influenced the Japanese shojo culture. Nobuko Yoshiya, a well-known Japanese author of so-called girls’ novels, stated that she followed Western female writers such as Alcott, Burnett, and George Eliot. The Japanese translations of American literature decreased considerably during World War II. After the war, this literary corpus was rediscovered and was widely translated for Japanese audiences under the supervision of the General Headquarters (GHQ) or the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers (SCAP). In addition to novels for girls, comics for young female readers (shojo manga) also aroused readers’ interest and became immensely popular. Some manga writers depicted Western settings in their narratives and innumerable “American girls” whose exotic and fashionable aura fascinated Japanese girls. These made-in-Japan “American girls” primarily represented the concept of liberty, autonomy, and abundance: qualities desired by Japanese schoolgirls. At the end of the 20th century, however, the representation of America in the genre of shojo manga gradually became more realistic and less enraptured.
Keywords: democratization of Japan after World War II, General Headquarters (GHQ), Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers (SCAP), girls’ culture, juvenile literature, manga (comics), modernization, shojo (girls), translation of western literature
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domain: literature


text:
Roxcy Bolton Collection
Roxcy Bolton (1926–2017) was a leading women’s rights activist in Florida. She became actively involved in the women’s rights movement in the 1960s. She helped to launch the Florida National Organization for Women (NOW) in 1966. A few years later, she was elected a national vice president of NOW. Roxcy Bolton worked to improve the lives of Florida women. Among her many achievements was the establishment, in 1972, of Women in Distress, a nonprofit agency providing services to women in crisis. She began the first neighborhood crime watch in the state, in Coral Gables where she lived, in an effort to reduce crime against women. Roxcy Bolton was inducted into the Florida Women's Hall of Fame in 1984, in recognition of her accomplishments as a pioneer in the cause of women's rights.
The Roxcy Bolton collection numbers more than 100 artifacts. Included in the collection are a variety of materials that advocate women's rights and document Bolton's career as a feminist pioneer. Many of the objects relate to Bolton's involvement with the National Organization for Women and her support of the Equal Rights Amendment. Notable personal objects that Ms. Bolton donated include her American Red Cross Gray Ladies uniform, a red suit, and a pink dress. Bolton wore the Red Cross uniform while volunteering at the U.S. Naval Air Station in Atsugi, Japan, in the early 1960s. She wore the red suit in 1981 to the swearing-in ceremony of U.S. Supreme Court Justice Sandra Day O'Conner, and wore the pink dress to the 1999 dedication of her Coral Gables home as a Florida Heritage Site.
Red Cross Gray Ladies
uniform, ca. 1960
Wool suit with silk
blouse, worn to the
of U.S. Supreme Court
Justice Sandra Day
Pink dress worn to
the dedication of her
home as a Florida
Heritage Site, 1999
|U.S. Supreme Court Justice Sandra Day
O'Conner (far left) greets Roxcy
Bolton (far right), 1981. Florida
U.S. Senator Paula Hawkins (center)
|Roxcy Bolton is pictured beside her
Coral Gables home on the day it was
dedicated as a Florida Heritage Site in
Bolton carried this briefcase with her to meetings held in support of women’s rights, ca. 1968–1973.
Former Florida House of Representatives member Elaine Gordon gave this T-shirt to Roxcy Bolton,1995
Roxcy Bolton had a collection of early 1900s suffrage buttons that she took to meetings of women’s rights groups. Later, she displayed them in her home. She used the buttons to inspire other women.