A discussion: the unintended consequences of architectural specifications that promote Implicit Bias, Modern Slavery and Social Injustices
Join us for a moderated discussion with our three panelists:
Nora Rizzo LEED AP, WELL AP, LFA is Grace Farms Foundation’s first Ethical Materials Director, leading the recently launched Design for Freedom Initiative. Design for Freedom aims to eradicate modern slavery within the built environment by addressing the systemic use of forced labor in the building materials supply chain. Grace Farms Foundation is a non-profit organization focused on pursuing peace through nature, arts, justice, community, and faith.
Ali O’Neill is the Co-founder and a principal , at O’Neill Construction Group. O’Neill is an MBE/DBE contractor and Ali has been a longtime member of their team have striving to lift others up as the business has grown. Ali is the long time treasurer for Oregon Tradeswomen and and through work with Metropolitan Alliance for Workforce Equity and PBDG she has years of experience with the challenges minority tradespeople and businesses face.
Amanda Ingmire (she/her) is a connector, convener, and collaborative strategist. She is a Licensed Architect and Senior Policy Analyst at the Oregon Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ) where her work is focused on addressing the full life cycle impacts of the built environment while centering equity, racial justice, and wellbeing. She conducts research, develops projects and programs, consults on state building projects, serves as an advisor and provides expert testimony to boards, commissions, businesses, and government entities, and collaborates with many partners to advance a holistic, systems approach to addressing some of our biggest challenges.


text: Well, the plots well and truly bloomed, some to overflowing and we have learnt a few lessons from our “First Planting.” Nonetheless, we had produce aplenty and although some were not harvested in time, most did get to be consumed, especially at the last Pot Luck, when Maria and others in the kitchen, stuffed banana peppers with a cheese mix and they were delicious. Over the first week or so in July, we will be thinning out the plots and getting rid of those plants which are at their end or nearing their end. Although the plots provided well, one of the lessons learnt was to maybe not plant as much in each plot, and the best place for ground crops is at ground level or they will take over. The rest of the space which is at present not used will be evaluated and decisions made on what to do with them. If you have a particular plant or want to just experiment and not have a plot, we have 7 and 15 gallon planters which can house a number of plants. Just let me know and we can get them ready for you. There are a number of wonderful documents available at The University of Florida website which help out with gardens. Thanks for pointing us in that direction, Janet Troxell. Florida Vegetable Gardening Guide http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/vh021 This document makes for great reading in all aspects of maintaining a garden. It also gives a Planting Guide for Florida Vegetables which we will be consulting for our new crop rotation in the fall. Take care and see you in the Garden……..soon.Okra We are presently in that ‘in between time’ in the garden whereby some of the plots have been cleared out for the next planting; some are holding on to the last vestiges of the first crops. Progressively over the month of August, all the plots will be cleared and the Fall crop will be planted for those plots growing vegetables. Flowers/shrubs We still have a number of flowering plants that catch the attention of insects and butterflies passing overhead. It’s great to simply sit on the nearby picnic table and quietly contemplate under the shade of the magnolia tree, disturbed by nothing more than the flash of color of a butterfly. Olive Tree On the west side of the garden area, we have planted two Arbequina olive trees as we look to create a space for common plants and trees between Florida and the Middle East. Look for scriptural references in the near future linking the flora with the Bible. Better still, bring your suggestions of scripture that might be distributed around the garden space that would add to the ambience, as well as the edification of those who walk and work there.

domain: agronomy


Louisiana Attorney General Buddy Caldwell will not immediately enforce the Supreme Court's decision to legalize same-sex marriage, stating Friday that his office "has found nothing in today's decision that makes the Court's order effective immediately."
Caldwell cited a 2004 vote to ban same-sex marriage in Louisiana's state constitution that passed "overwhelmingly" with 78% in favor as being in direct conflict with the court's ruling on Obergefell vs. Hodges:
This Supreme Court decision overturns the will of the people of Louisiana, and it takes away a right that should have been left to the states. Louisiana voters decided overwhelmingly to place in our constitution an amendment that defines marriage as between one man and one woman. I fought to uphold Louisiana's definition of traditional marriage, and I was the first attorney general in the nation to be successful at the federal court level.
Caldwell is not alone in believing that the Supreme Court has overstepped its bounds in making this ruling. The 5-4 decision on Friday garnered impassioned dissent from Justice Clarence Thomas and Chief Justice John Roberts, both of whom bemoaned the process by which the court reached its landmark decision.
"The Attorney General's Office will be watching for the Court to issue a mandate or order making today's decision final and effective and will issue a statement when that occurs," Caldwell's office said.
He said he plans to uphold the state's constitution until such a mandate is issued.
"I am extremely disappointed by this decision. It fails to respect traditional marriage as defined by Louisiana voters, and is yet another example of the federal government intrusion into what should be a state issue," Caldwell continued.
Meanwhile, Nola.com reports that "Louisiana Clerks of Court Association is advising parish and city clerks to wait until the 25-day period for states to file an appeal of the Supreme Court ruling overturning bans on same-sex marriage."
It isn't clear how states with constitutional bans on same-sex marriage could legally handle their grievances, but Louisiana is not the only one to state them. Texas governor Greg Abbott issued a statement stressing that the "religious liberty" of Texans would be upheld no matter what. MsNewsNow reports that Mississippi will not yet honor the court's decision either.
So despite the historic ruling from the Supreme Court today, it seems that there are still hurdles to clear before the policy takes effect nationally.


text:
Product information "Save Brave bracelet Steven stainless steel black"
You want a bracelet that you consciously notice and that gives your look that certain something in any case? Then you will make the right choice with this black stainless steel bracelet. The black IP coating makes the stainless steel bracelet an elegant accessory that no matter whether athletic, casual or chic always fits to your outfit. The bracelet has a total length of about 21cm, you can adjust it with its removable bracelet links on the clasp but also individually to your desired length.
Manufacturer: Save Brave Article number: SBB-STEVEN-BK Material: Stainless steel, IP Length: 19 + 1,75 cm

domain: design


Apple remain tight-lipped on autonomous car
- 18 September 2015
- Posted by: Simon Wait
- Category: News
Tim Cook, chief executive of tech giant Apple, has refused to rule out that the comapny is working on its own self-driving car.
Appearing on The Colbert Show, Cook refused to reveal much about the possibility of Apple joining the race for a self-driving car. ‘We look at a number of things along the way and we decide to put our energies into a few of them,’ he said.
Apple’s car, apparently codenamed Project Titan, was revealed at the beginning of the year as Apple’s secretive project to design and build an autonomous car. Apple is already seeing integration in the car industry with Ferrari, Mercedes-Benz, Volkswagen and Volvo all committed to integrating its in-car ‘CarPlay’ entertainment system in their future vehicles.
A source close to the company revealed this week that Apple would like to start manufacturing cars in the next five years, according to Apple Insider, and has spent $138 million on an undeveloped 43-acre plot for the potential development and eventual manufacture of their autonomous vehicle.


text:
Why the most stylish women are wearing British fashion – Telegraph.co.uk
Long celebrated for its showstopping individuality, British fashion is now super-wearable too. Five stylish women tell us why home-grown labels work for them
BY Alison Taylor |
23 March 2014
Photo: MICHELLE BEATTY
Think British fashion and what springs to mind? Eccentric characters? Bonkers designs? Or wearability? “When people tell me that British designers are difficult to wear I say, ‘Have you tried wearing it?'” says Alison Loehnis, president of Net-a-Porter, who flies the flag for British fashion. “There is an amazing range of British designers who create not only incredibly imaginative collections, but also supremely accessible ones. They have real women in mind.” The five real women shown here are the perfect example.
From left Jean Marks, Anne Sebba, Oriole Cullen, Phoebe Smith, Davina Katz (Photo: Michelle Beatty)
Last Thursday night Stella, Net-a-Porter and the British Fashion Council joined forces to celebrate the industry’s ever more savvy pas de deux (or should that be two-step?) of creativity and wearability. One hundred British-fashion-loving women – including three Stella readers, each the lucky winner of a £1,000-voucher from Net-a-Porter – celebrated at the suitably chic Browns Hotel in London with Veuve Clicquot champagne, Belvedere vodka cocktails and delectable canapés by Mark Hix.
“Britain has a fantastic reputation for creativity – and with this comes diversity,” says the BFC’s CEO Caroline Rush. “The appeal for women who favour British designers is that these labels celebrate individuality.” We drink to that!
Anne Sebba, 62, Author
Anne Sebba wears jacket and skirt by Alexander McQueen, from
. Shoes by Jimmy Choo. Camisole and jewellery, Sebba’s own. (Photo: Michelle Beatty)
For most of my work, I’m either sitting in libraries doing research or I’m at my desk at home. So I live in jeans or yoga pants. Then, you publish a book and every so often end up on television or giving a lecture and it’s really important to make an impact. If I’m doing a lecture I like to wear a smart jacket and McQueen jackets are fabulous for this. You feel empowered and that’s what he was trying to do.
is another British designer I greatly admire. I met him before my book about Wallis Simpson was published and because she’d been such an inspiration to him he offered to design a dress to coincide with the launch, called ‘That Dress’. Its origami folds were in homage to Wallis’s love of the Far East and he made it in gold because of the regal connection. I wore a black version for a talk I gave at a girls’ school last year. It helped to convey the message, ‘I believe in myself and if I do you can too’.
Accessories are key for me and I do tend to go British with these, too.
s shoes are brilliant yet wearable, and I have a Burberry tote, which is stylish but roomy enough to carry my computer and a tape recorder. I’ve also got a fabulous Perspex Charlotte Olympia clutch for evening. It only holds a credit card and some money but you wear this bag and everyone talks about it. It’s clever and funny: classically British, in other words.
Dr Phoebe Smith GP, 30
Phoebe Smith wears dress by Teatum Jones, from
. Shoes, from a selection, by Rupert Sanderson. Necklace by Crux London. Bangle by Links of London, from
(Photo: Michelle Beatty)
As an inner-London GP I’m always trying to strike a balance with what I wear. The key is to look professional, but not intimidating, and also to be comfortable – I can be stuck behind a computer or jumping around examining people. Also, I’m young so I want to look my age. I don’t like the stereotype that GPs are frumpy and old.
I am a “fit model” for the British duo
so I wear a lot of their designs. They’re feminine but not super-fitted or overtly sexy and I feel confident when I wear them. I find the fabrics really wearable and I love their prints. I tend to wear a skirt and top, or a dress [above], and add a jacket. This season I bought their pale-blue leather biker jacket.
Scarves are also a good way to add colour, so most days I wear a Teatum Jones one that I can take on home visits to add glamour without being showy. Colour and print are qualities I look for, so I’m also keen on
I love Saunders’ bright jersey T-shirts. There’s an ease to how British designers use colour. It’s bright, it’s cool; it’s instinctively London.
Davina Katz Partner and head of the family department at Schillings Law Firm, 33
Davina Katz wears dress by Roksanda Ilincic, from
. Shoes, from a selection, by Manolo Blahnik.
There’s court and then there’s court. I may have a trial that lasts 10 days, or a hearing, which is less dramatic and takes up an afternoon. For me, that’s the difference between wearing McQueen or McCartney.
gives you real presence at a trial. But day to day, my outfit is a navy
dress with a coat the same length – really smart.
McCartney’s designs are tailored but easy to wear. I have a lot of the pieces she makes every season, such as the Bryce coat, in different colours. I don’t like fussy clothes so a Stella shift is ideal; accessories add character and dressiness for a client dinner. McQueen was a masterful technician, playing with proportions and flattering a woman’s figure. I own a lot of his iconic pieces, including jackets with shoulder pads and nipped-in waists for an instant power hit.
The corporate world is still shy of bright colour, but
makes it not too scary and shows you can be bold but feminine. So a predominantly navy dress will have a colour block at the bottom, like the one I’m wearing here [below]. I wear her brighter shades for after-work events.
London designers have a nuance you don’t find elsewhere and are emblematic of people in Britain in general: they don’t quite conform. I like that. As a lawyer you want to be known for thinking outside the box. Why not with your clothes too?
Oriole Cullen Senior curator of contemporary fashion at V&A, 37
Oriole Cullen wears trousers by Osman, from
. Top, from a selection, by Osman. Shoes by Sophia Webster. Bangle, from a selection, by Katie Rowland. (Photo: Michelle Beatty)
When an item of clothing catches my eye it tends to be by a British designer. People say Miuccia Prada sets the tone for the season, but increasingly I think all eyes are on London’s
. He has an amazing vision and a big perspective. I have a few of his dresses and some knitwear too.
Dresses provide the foundation to my working wardrobe because I need to be versatile – you can throw a sweater over them for day and change your shoes for the evening. On any day I may be up and down ladders accessing costumes at our Blythe House archive, meeting clients or attending events. I have to cover all bases.
I like a clean silhouette. For the V&A’s “British Ballgowns” launch (an exhibition I co-curated) I wore a dress by Osman, whose top and trousers I’m wearing here [above]. A-line and knee-length with brocade inserts, it was – crucially – easy to wear. You have to feel comfortable. That’s why I love these designers: the focus is on really good cut and making it wearable.
Traditionally, British fashion was about tailoring. Then the 1980s and 1990s saw a new energy and mayhem – with, unfortunately, little business backing. But in the past 10 years things have changed. I feel as if all the elements have come together with spectacular results.
Jean Marks, 71, chairman of Connections, an education charity supporting young Jewish students in Eastern Europe
Jean Marks wears shirt by Antonio Berardi, trousers and biker jacket by Erdem, and slippers by Alexander McQueen, all from
(Photo: Michelle Beatty)
When I ran a childrenswear business with my sister in the 1970s till 2001, we would take twice yearly buying trips to Europe where I’d also stock up on wardrobe pieces such as Armani suits. Nowadays, I can find that kind of classic piece by British designers, such as Antonio Beradi and Erdem. British designers are just as pioneering in terms of tailoring: the Beradi jacket today feels like the Armani jacket felt back then. I can team one with black trousers and I’m dressed up.
Day to day, I’m very casual because I’m no longer in business – I wear trousers and jumpers. This is appropriate for when I travel to Eastern Europe on behalf of my charity, too.
is a current favourite when I’m dressing down.
The main appeal of British designers is cut and colour.
is joyous. It makes me feel happy. I love the prints. The floral biker jacket is a departure from what I usually wear but because it’s so beautifully made, I feel comfortable with the modern shape.
If I go to a really formal event, I have a Beradi skirt that I love to wear. I’ve just been to a fabulous wedding party in Paris and that came out with a beautiful white shirt of his too. I don’t like a stereotyped ‘hairdoey’ look, or something that says “I’m expensive”. I’m more understated. It’s about tailoring, and quality.
Shot at The Opus, the new suite at
, Knightsbridge, London

domain: artistic


text:
Eliza and the Bear: Eliza and the Bear
April 8th 2016 | Capitol Records | Albums
April 8th sees the release of Eliza and the Bear's eponymously-titled debut album, courtesy of Capitol Records. The album has been preceded by the release of a selection of its tracks: the glowing anthem 'Friends', which tells an uplifting story about the importance of friends and family, combined with gleaming guitars and stadium-sized optimism, the Radio 1 play-listed singles ‘Lion’s Heart’, which according to The Telegraph ‘led to roaring singalongs at festivals’, and ‘It Gets Cold’ (which The Independent state is “hard to get away from its magnetic groove”).
Other stand out tracks include beautifully broody, strings accompanied ‘I’m On Your Side’, fan favourite ‘Brother’s Boat’ and ‘Make It On My Own’ (Evening Standard: ‘Its mighty thud puts it alongside big-selling Americans such as AWOLNATION and Imagine Dragons")
During the making of the album, the band decamped to Nashville to work with three times Grammy Award-winning producer Jacquire King (Kings Of Leon, Of Monsters and Men, James Bay).
“We wanted to get out of London, get away from distractions and concentrate on making the songs as good as they could be,”says frontman James Kellegher, “Jacquire brought in a string quartet, a gospel choir and a couple of brilliant brass players.”
Having previously supported the likes of Paramore, Imagine Dragons and AWOLNATION, last year saw Eliza and The Bear complete a string of support dates with Twin Atlantic, including a 10,000 capacity sold out show at Glasgow's SSE Hydro, Brixton Academy and Manchester Albert Hall, as well as their own headline date at a packed out London KOKO.
2. Where Have You Been
3. Make It On My Own
4. Lion’s Heart
6. Light It Up
7. It Gets Cold
9. Upon The North
10. Brother’s Boat
11. I’m On Your Side
Deluxe edition bonus tracks
13. I Hope You Know

domain: entertainment


EAST PRAIRIE, Mo. (BP)–Not in 50 years had Friday night lights burned so brightly for East Prairie (Mo.) High School. When the East Prairie Eagles defeated archrival Charleston 46-21 on Oct. 17, it was their first victory in Charleston in a half-century.
The first words East Prairie coach Jason Aycock heard were from his pastor, Jon Archie, who yelled, “This is exactly what happens when your coach gets saved.”
Aycock lifted his hands into the air and praised God for the win. The stadium grew quiet. Down on the field, players had dropped to their knees in prayer.
Prayer was a hallmark of the 2008 football season in this southeast Missouri farming community. In September, evangelist Rick Gage had held a campaign in which 27 of the team’s 37 players surrendered their lives to Christ. That came on the heels of a revival at Elm Street Baptist Church led by Oklahoma evangelist Clint Sinclair in which 43 made professions of faith.
Aycock has read Gage’s book, “More Than A Game,” and agreed when Gage event coordinator Kerrie Stokes asked if the evangelist could speak to Aycock’s team.
“What I figured is that he would talk about character, making right choices and how to make it to the next level,” Aycock said. “I didn’t have a clue that he was going to the heart of the Gospel. I got very nervous. I almost grabbed Kerrie’s arm and said, ‘You are going to have to stop this man because of the environment we are in.’
“But I looked throughout the room and the kids were so engaged to Rick that I felt something come over me,” Aycock added. “I decided, ‘We’ve come this far, you go for it. I hope every kid here gets saved today.'”
Then another thought struck Aycock.
“Surely he is not going to ask kids to come up and kneel and pray,” Aycock said to himself. “Surely he is just telling them about the Gospel.”
But Gage did lead students to pray for salvation and when he asked how many had prayed along with him, 27 young men raised their hands.
“Tears came to my eyes. I was stunned,” Aycock said. “We had a doggone revival in the football locker room.”
A LOST COACH
Aycock said he was a “lost duck” up until a year ago.
“All I cared about was winning and football,” he said. “I cared about my family but God was never in the picture with me. I felt like football was my god.”
As a youth, he had been dragged to Free Will Baptist Church in East Prairie by his mother, Jane Aycock, he said. His brother, Billy, already had accepted Christ.
“He always had something I wanted … that happiness and peace in his life,” Aycock said. “I knew it was Christ. I couldn’t bring myself to do it.”
An all-state defensive back in high school who went on to play college football, Aycock coached with a win-at-all-costs mentality. He would scream at his players and use foul language. He was not a players’ coach.
In September 2007, however, Aycock hit an all-time low.
“It was about me, me, me. I was depressed,” he said. “I was not only making it bad on myself but making it bad on my wife, Mandy, and our kids.”
He didn’t coach in 2007 because of personal reasons.
Then, one Saturday night in his workshop at home, Aycock asked Christ to be his Savior.
“I don’t know where I am going. I need some direction,” he prayed. “I want to ask you to forgive me of my sins. Please come into my life and let me live through you.”
That night everything changed.
“After I had done that all my tears were gone. I felt like a ton of bricks had been lifted off my shoulder,” he said. “I felt an immediate happiness come over me. I didn’t care anymore what I had done wrong or what people were thinking about me. All I cared about was I’ve got Jesus now.”
In October 2007, Jon Archie baptized Aycock at Elm Street Baptist Church, where Archie has been pastor since 1999.
“When things are good, a lot of folks don’t have time for God and end up in the valley of life,” Archie said. “God gets our attention. Jason was at a low place. [Now] he is a new person, a new creature in Christ.”
Players making decisions for Christ brought big changes. Young men gave up bad habits, counseled others about Christ and prayed for unbelieving classmates. The use of curse words fell off. Most importantly, students took the initiative to pray before and after games.
“They would be the ones to say, ‘Let’s pray,'” Aycock said. “They would be the ones in the middle of the football field, taking a knee and praising God no matter if we won or lost. They would bow their heads and thank Him.”
After the Eagles lost the district championship game to finish the season 6-4, players waited until Aycock finished media interviews to pray with him. They told him what he had been telling them: “We praise God, no matter if we win or lose.”
“That totally floored me,” Aycock said. “I knew right then there was a change in our team, maybe not all of them but a majority of them.”
The change in the players reflected the transformation in their coach’s life.
“They definitely saw a change in me,” Aycock said. “All of a sudden, I am calm and collected. I didn’t go crazy at halftime in the locker room. I would say, ‘This is what we’ve got to do to correct this.’ They were waiting for me to explode on them. I never did.’
“Christ has won the victory when he saved my life. One of the biggest blessings was the day my wife walked down the aisle and gave her life to Christ,” Aycock adds. “Another thing this has given me is a Christian home. My two sons talk about Christ. They want to know Him. I pray every day that one day they receive Christ when they realize what it really means.”
Aycock now coaches with the philosophy of Colossians 3:23 — working for the Lord, not for men.
“I coach for the Lord. Now when I prepare for a game, I prepare because I want to represent the Lord,” he said. “Whether we win or lose, we praise God for giving us the chance to play on Friday night. It’s bigger than Friday night lights because Christ is in it.”
Bill Sorrell is pastor of First Baptist Church in Whiteville, Tenn.


text:
World Bank released Shock Waves: Managing the Impacts of Climate Change on Poverty report
The report examines the interplay between climate change and poverty and suggests measures to contain impact of climate change.
World Bank in December 2015 released a report entitled Shock Waves: Managing the Impacts of Climate Change on Poverty. The report examines the two-way relation (interplay) between climate change and poverty and concludes that climate change is one of the primary contributing factors for growing poverty scenario across the world.
To remedy the situation, the report also provides guidance on how to create a win-win situation so that climate change policies contribute to poverty reduction and poverty-reduction policies contribute to climate change mitigation and resilience building.
Highlights of the report
• The key finding of the report is that climate change represents a significant obstacle to the sustained eradication of poverty, but future impacts on poverty are determined by policy choices.
• There are three major channels through which climate-sensitive events already affect the ability of poor people to escape poverty-agricultural production, ecosystems, and food security, natural disasters and health.
• Agriculture: Climate change impacts on agriculture are already evident in vulnerable regions, such as Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia, even as they remain globally limited.
• In the shorter term, food stocks, better access of poor farmers to markets, improved technologies and climate-smart production practices can reduce climate impacts.
• Health: Climate change will magnify some threats to health, especially for poor and vulnerable people such as children and the elderly, but large uncertainties remain in what is still an emerging research field.
• By 2030, if both economic growth and climate change are present, an estimated 3.6 billion people could be at risk of malaria, including 100 million because of climate change.
• Health shocks and poor health contribute to poverty through loss of income, health expenses, and caring responsibilities, so that climate change impacts on health will represent an additional obstacle to poverty reduction and will increase inequality.
• Overall impact: In a pessimistic development scenario, climate change could drag more than 100 million people into poverty by 2030. This number can be reduced to fewer than 20 million, if rapid, inclusive, and climate-informed development is combined with targeted adaptation actions.
• Natural Disasters: They push people into poverty and prevent poor people from escaping poverty. An increase in natural hazards is already observed and will worsen in the next decades.
• Remedial measures: Financial inclusion, insurance, social safety nets and remittances complement each other in protecting different populations against different types of shocks.
• In the short run, rapid, inclusive, and climate-informed development can prevent most (but not all) consequences of climate change on poverty.
• Rapid, inclusive, and climate informed development can prevent most short-term impacts whereas immediate pro-poor, emissions-reduction policies can drastically limit long-term ones.
• Climate change mitigation measures need not threaten short-term progress on poverty reduction provided policies are well designed and international support is available.
Report with respect to India
• To illustrate that many people exit or fall back into poverty every year, it pointed out that over a 25-year period, every year an average of 14 percent of households in 36 communities in Andhra Pradesh escaped poverty and 12 percent of non poor households became poor—resulting in a net 2 percent annual decrease in poverty.
• To illustrate the vulnerability of poor people to natural hazards, the report pointed out that poor in Mumbai settle in flood prone areas due to lower land prices.
• In India, the high-impact climate change scenario brings 2 million people into poverty in the prosperity scenario (if the people are well off), compared to almost 50 million in the poverty scenario (if the people are poor).
• Early warning systems—combined with observation systems and evacuation preparedness—can save many lives at a low cost. When Cyclone Phailin made landfall near Gopalpur (Odisha) in 2013, it killed fewer than 100 people. While still a significant loss, it is much smaller than the 10,000 deaths that a similar storm caused in 1999.
• In India, agriculture remains the main preserve of the unskilled and disadvantaged people. These households will be highly sensitive to any change in agricultural profits or wages.
• Linkage between food prices and poverty: As per an estimate, if food prices are increased by 50 and 100 percent, it will cause increase in poverty levels to the tune of 10 and 25 percent respectively.
• If households have lower than predicted income, they will derive more income share from environmental resources indicating linkage between poverty and degradation of ecosystems.
• The low-lying Sunderbans are becoming a more difficult place to live for its mostly poor population, increasingly exposed to sea level rise, salinization of soil and water, cyclonic storms, and flooding.
• To contain the vulnerability of agricultural systems it suggested for using climate resistant high-yielding varieties. In a randomized control trial in Orissa, a recent study shows the benefits of using a new, flood-resistant variety of rice, which offers a 45 percent yield gain relative to the current most popular variety.
• Household surveys found that in some places funeral expenses represent a significant cause of poverty, sometimes comparable to health expenditures. As per a survey, around 85 percent of households in Gujarat conveyed that health and funeral expenses are a major reason for poverty.
• While in developed countries, psychological factors have a correlation to interpersonal conflicts, in less developed countries, like India, the trigger may be lower income from higher temperatures, which in turn can raise crime rates.
• Indian manufacturing worker efficiency at the plant level declines substantially on hotter days, with a magnitude of roughly minus 2.8 percent per °C.
• The estimated cost of ambient air pollution in terms of morbidity and mortality is around 1.9 trillion US dollars annually in China and India alone.
Now get latest Current Affairs on mobile, Download # 1 Current Affairs App

domain: sociology


text:
South of the Border
There’s a revolution underway in South America, but most of the world doesn’t know it. Oliver Stone sets out on a road trip across five countries to explore the social and political movements as well as the mainstream media’s misperception of South America while interviewing seven of its elected presidents. In casual conversations with Presidents Hugo Chávez (Venezuela), Evo Morales (Bolivia), Lula da Silva (Brazil), Cristina Kirchner (Argentina), as well as her husband and ex-President Nėstor Kirchner, Fernando Lugo (Paraguay), Rafael Correa (Ecuador), and Raúl Castro (Cuba), Stone gains unprecedented access and sheds new light upon the exciting transformations in the region.
Words of the director
"I’ve been fortunate to be able to make several films about North America’s neglected “backyard” –– Central and South America. The low budget, independently shot Salvador,
about the U.S. involvement with the death squads of El Salvador, and starred James Woods in an Academy–nominated performance, released in 1986; this was followed by Comandante in 2003, and Looking for Fidel in 2004, both of these documentaries exploring Fidel Castro in one–on–one interviews. Each of these films has struggled to be distributed in North America.
I was invited to Venezuela to meet President Hugo Chávez for the first time during his aborted rescue mission of Colombian hostages, held by FARC, during Christmas of 2007. As is often the case, the man I met was not the man I’d read and heard about in the U.S. media. I was able to return in January 2009 to interview President Chávez in more depth.
Was Hugo Chávez really the anti–American force we’ve been told he is? Once we began our journey, we found ourselves going beyond Venezuela to several other countries, and interviewing seven Presidents in the region, telling a larger and even more compelling story, which has now become South of the Border.
Leader after leader seemed to be saying the same thing. They wanted to control their own resources, strengthen regional ties, be treated as equals with the U.S., and become financially independent of the International Monetary Fund. Based on our experiences in Iraq, Americans must question the role of our media in demonizing foreign leaders as our enemies. The consequences of this can be brutal. This is a continuing story. It is going on right now with Hugo Chávez in Venezuela. Hopefully, in our film, you’ll get to hear a far different side of the “official” story."
Oliver Stone. Director.

domain: geography


Thankfully we don’t have to wait that long at all, because next month brings the first of 2011’s Popfests! These festivals happen all over the world and it seems like more spring up every year – last year saw the very first Copenhagen Popfest, and this year the Madrid Popfest will be making its debut. These events are lovingly organised by friends and indiepop fans, many of whom we have come to know well through our own festival, and some of whom are even involved in Indietracks themselves. If you’ve never been, we can’t recommend enough that you do! Below are the details we have so far:
London Popfest, 24 – 27 February
Thursday @ Bush Hall, Shepherds Bush
The Pooh Sticks, Tender Trap, The Understudies + 1 more tba
Friday @ Brixton Windmill, Brixton
The Andersen Tapes, Sourpatch, Town Bike, The X-ing School
Saturday @ 100 Club, Oxford Street (now sold out)
Bearsuit, Evans The Death, Eux Autres, The Felt Tips, Help Stamp Out Loneliness, The History of Apple Pie, Humousexual, The Monochrome Set
Sunday @ The Lexington, Islington
14 Iced Bears, The Notes, Youngfuck + 1 more tba
Tickets are selling FAST for this, so be quick! You can find out about tickets, schedules, news and loads more at www.londonpopfest.com
Madrid Popfest, 11 – 12 March
Bands confirmed so far are Tender Trap, Cola Jet Set, The Blanche Hudson Weekend, Papa Topo, Aias, Zipper, and Horowitz.
Visit the website for tickets, and to sign up for news and updates! www.madridpopfest.com
Rome Popfest is usually in March, but no details have been released for this year’s event as yet. You can visit the website for updates!
Last April’s Copenhagen Popfest was somewhat hampered by pesky volcano action, but people were so determined to get there that they travelled for days on whichever mode of transport they could find still operating! Sadly we were among those stranded due to cancelled flights (we ate a lot of cake that weekend to console ourselves), but received glowing reports from those who had made it. Let’s hope they announce a 2011 version soon – keep up to date here.
Next up is New York Popfest, which is taking place in May. We’ve been hearing the first whispers about this in the last couple of days, and although the website isn’t operating at the mo there is a Facebook group which you can follow. We’ll be there, so come and say hello!
Also in May, the San Francisco Popfest have not yet released details of this year’s event, but having visited ourselves in 2009 we can guarantee it’s worth going! Visit their website to get the news as it happens.
If you still haven't had enough pop after Indietracks in July, then head to Athens (US) Popfest which takes place in August! Visit their website to read about last year's event, download the excellent free compilation of bands who played, and get the 2011 details as they're announced!
Finally, New England Popfest takes place in November. It’s a bit early for details of the 2011 version just yet, but you can visit their website or join them on Facebook to get the first details.
So there you go – the pop never stops!


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Meta-analysis of the MMPI-2 Fake Bad Scale: Utility in forensic practice
Date of this version
Some clinical researchers disagree regarding the clinical utility of the MMPI-2 Fake Bad scale (FBS ) within forensic and clinical settings. The present meta-analysis summarizes weighted effect size differences among the FBS and other commonly used validity scales (L, F, K, Fb, Fp, F-K, O-S, Ds2, Dsr2 ) in symptom overreporting and comparison groups. Forty studies that included FBS were identified through exploration of online databases, perusal of published references, and communication with primary authors. Nineteen of the 40 studies met restrictive inclusion criteria, resulting in a pooled sample size of 3664 (1615 overreporting participants and 2049 comparison participants). The largest grand effect sizes were observed for FBS (.96), followed by O-S (.88), Dsr2 (.79), F-K (.69), and the F- scale (.63). Significant within-scale variability was observed for seven validity scales, including FBS (Q = 119.11, p < .001). Several subsequent FBS moderator analyses yielded moderate to large effect sizes and were statistically significant for level of cognitive effort, type of overreporting comparison group, and condition associated with overreporting (e.g., traumatic brain injury, posttraumatic stress, chronic pain). Findings suggest that the FBS performs as well as, if not superior to, other validity scales in discriminating overreporting and comparison groups; the preponderance of the present literature supports the scale's use within forensic settings.
The Clinical Neuropsychologist

domain: medical


text:
LONDON — “I’ve been working so hard, I haven’t quite taken it in,” says Stephen Frears, thinking ahead — or not, as the case may be — to the soiree in his honor at the Toronto Intl. Film Festival.
On Sept. 9 at Roy Thomson Hall, the 59-year-old English helmer will be the subject of the event’s first such full-scale gala in 15 years.
High time, too, for a Cambridge-educated director marinated in the theater and then TV who directed his first feature — the larky “Gumshoe,” with Albert Finney — in 1971. Since then, his movies have spanned poshly costumed period dramas (“Dangerous Liaisons”) and gritty slices of contemporary London life (“Bloody Kids”), star vehicles (“Mary Reilly,” with Julia Roberts) and ensemble pieces (“The Snapper”).
“I’m a tart,” says Frears by way of droll self-assessment. “I like the business of getting hired. I’m just sent a script and then I decide whether that would be interesting to do.”
“It’s all over the place,” says an admiring Mike Figgis of his colleague and friend’s career. (The two Brits had adjacent editing rooms in Hollywood in the early ’90s when Frears was finishing up “Accidental Hero.”) “Clearly, Stephen has no desire either to be typecast or to go from one kind of film to the same kind of film. I adore him.”
So does Toronto, where Frears has scored repeated triumphs. His revelatory crime thriller “The Hit” — Frears’ second feature — was screened at the fest in 1984, while the 1985 showing of “My Beautiful Laundrette” prompted a theater release for a project originally intended for TV. “Sammy and Rosie Get Laid” was a fest offering in 1987, followed by the world preem of “The Grifters” in 1990 and then audience favorite, “The Snapper,” in 1993.
“It all sounds very impressive,” says a gently self-deprecating Frears of his Toronto roll call. “I can see for Europeans that (the fest) is a sort of gateway, and I guess I was one of the people who went through the gate. It’s always been incredibly nice to me.”
This year’s tribute is especially well timed given the annus mirabilis that Frears seems to be enjoying. In the spring, he nabbed rave reviews reprising a bygone era of live TV drama as director of “Fail Safe,” starring George Clooney. The CBS telefilm was shot live April 9, after five weeks of rehearsal.
“It really was like an event,” says Frears. “I take my hat off to George for having the courage to do it.”
Around the same time came the American preem of Frears’ film of the Nick Hornby novel, “High Fidelity.” The John Cusack starrer proved not only that English material can be successfully transposed across the Atlantic, with Chicago standing in for Hornby’s beloved North London, but that confusion can be a noble screen condition, if treated with Frears’ unerringly affectionate touch.
Says Frears: “It was as if you could take a Jane Austen novel and simply do it in America and not tell anyone and yet have it remain absolutely true to the spirit of Jane Austen.”
Next up is “Liam,” a BBC venture currently doing the fest circuit (first Venice, then Toronto) with its cinematic fate as yet undecided. Frears intended Jimmy McGovern’s semiautobiographical script for TV only, as he did with “Laundrette” and “Snapper.” Both of those, however, went on to prosperous cinematic runs.
“They were always rather jolly,” says Frears, contrasting those two films with “the very, very sad story” that, he says, is “Liam.” “It’s absolutely inappropriate for the commercial cinema, but it’s the kind of film I grew up making for the BBC” — where Frears has worked over time with David Hare, Christopher Hampton, and Tom Stoppard, among numerous other scribes.
“I thought if I don’t do it this year,” he says of “Liam,” “it will never get done. And then, of course, ‘High Fidelity’ over-ran and George Clooney rang up. Anyway, it’s all over now.”
What next, then, for the director, who is speaking to Variety from the Dorset countryside, several hours south of the Notting Hill house that has been his long-standing London home?
“Nothing,” he says, though a reteaming with Hampton remains a very real prospect for 2001, this time on an original period script set in Renaissance Florence, Italy. “I’ve done too much work in the last 18 months. I’ve stopped working; I don’t want to do anything else.”
Until, one assumes, he is sent the next good script.


...the large suites at the top of the Venetian and Mirage hotels mean fewer exhibitors per floor. But, from experience, the super-high-end manufacturers, many of whom think their products demand more attention than the rest of the audio world, frequent these larger suites. So, where you can figure getting in and out of a room inside of a few minutes on the 29th floor, anything less than 15 minutes in the company of these companies is considered rude. In fairness, when discussing a $60,000 DAC or a $500,000 loudspeaker with the manufacturer, you would expect the manufacturer to have a tale to tell, and a roll-call of technology to discuss. But, such is the demand for weaving a tale around a product that, by the end of the first day, where my colleagues had covered perhaps 25 or 30 rooms, I had barely managed eight.
There were two interesting things that came out of these rooms, however. Where many of the brands on the 29th, 30th, and 31st floors were streaming Tidal, these upper floors with product prices to match were relying more on LP, CD, or SACD. Also, this year saw a coordinated move by a number of European and Asian high-end audio distributors to stay away from the Las Vegas, in the hope of moving business to local shows at Munich and Hong Kong. This left the show attended by the US agents, who brought a touch of much-needed pragmatism to the Venetian Towers.
So perhaps it was a good thing that the ‘million dollar system’ planned in the Lamm Industries room (featuring TechDAS and Graham vinyl and EMM Labs digital sources, Sanus racks, almost $140,000 worth of Kubala-Sosna Elation cables) topped out at a ‘mere’ $706,000. This was because the new Verity Audio Monsalvat loudspeakers had to be replaced with the previous Verity flagship, the Lohengrin IIS.
Of course, that doesn’t change the fact that if you are reporting on a room with a $180,000 amplifier, you end up writing about a $180,000 amplifier. But where the reaction to such things has typically been ‘fawning’ from the industry, this year it seemed a little more ‘realistic’. However, low cost doesn’t tend to feature much in the upper suites of the Venetian, partly because they have big rooms to fill.


Donald Trump is doing the wrong things for the economy, at least according to most economists. So why is it still growing?
America has a curious history when it comes to presidential scandals and the economy.
You might think, for example, that the titanic misconduct of Watergate would have coincided with economic troubles for President Richard Nixon. Yet, although inflation was a worry, unemployment actually declined as the constitutional crisis gathered.
The economy was strong during Ronald Reagan’s Iran-Contra scandal, and especially so while Bill Clinton was facing impeachment over the Monica Lewinsky affair.
So it’s not surprising that President Trump’s troubles failed to stop a strong January employment report. The 304,000 jobs created last month are finally at the level we saw in the strongest periods of the historic 1980s and 1990s expansions. According to economist Jared Bernstein, the three-month average is 241,000.
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“Jobs, jobs, jobs,” Trump triumphantly tweeted.
What is more surprising: It’s happened despite Trump’s actions that are destructive to the economy. These include the record-length federal government shutdown and, especially, tariffs against China and even Canada (provoking retaliatory duties against U.S. exports).
Is it possible that mainstream economists are wrong and Trump is right? Maybe, but doubtful.
The more credible explanation is that, as the New Yorker’s John Cassidy put it, “the American economy isn’t a zippy speedboat that can stop and start at short notice. It’s a vast supertanker that tends to plow ahead once it has built up some momentum.”
So far, the trade tensions haven’t been bad enough to stop the Big Mo’. No financial crisis seems in the offing (although weakening the Dodd-Frank law might set the table for one). And the Federal Reserve is taking a “patient” approach to raising interest rates, which helped calm markets.
The GOP stimulus also gave a short-term boost — not with infrastructure but tax cuts mostly benefiting the wealthy and corporations. This temporary rising tide lifted some boats — beneficiaries of corporate stock buybacks — more than others. But the cost will be adding $1.9 trillion to the national debt over a decade.
And don’t forget the earlier stimulus, from the Obama administration and Congress, and from the Bernanke Federal Reserve, that pulled the country out of the Great Recession and started it on a slow but steady recovery.
This expansion has its discontents, especially inequality and failure to use the better times to address climate change.
The employment to population ratio (EPOP), which measures the share of the working-age population that is actually employed, remains low for this point in an expansion. One has to go back into the 1960s, before women entered the workforce in large numbers, to find a similar low figure.
Maybe some of this comes from retiring baby boomers. The ratio for workers age 25 to 54 is closer to the normal trend line.
But the larger EPOP weakness may also signify whole sectors automating or becoming obsolete.
The biggest near-term threat remains trade, with Washington as America’s most trade dependent/vulnerable state. With government data running late because of the shutdown, we don’t know the latest effects of the tariffs. Meanhwhile, U.S. and Chinese negotiators are working against a March 1st “hard deadline” or the levies will go up.
• The Northwest Seaport Alliance, comprising the ports of Seattle and Tacoma, recent released its economic-impact analysis, prepared by the consultancy Community Attributes. According to the report, the combined ports are the fourth-largest container gateway in North America. They directly support 20,100 jobs and $1.9 billion in labor income. The marine cargo sector’s average annual wage was $95,000.
• A new Brookings Institution report finds that 43.6 percent of jobs in Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue are susceptible to automation. That’s actually lower than many metros. “Among the country’s 100 largest metros, workers’ education attainment will prove to be decisive” in protecting them from automation job loss, says Brookings.


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The new Four Seasons Hotel located in Montreal, Canada, opened last month, and it is an interior and exterior design masterpiece. The building was designed by Lemay and Sid Lee Architecture and included many decorative elements inside the building.
The outside of the building immediately greets guests with its luxurious modern design. The moment you walk through the doors, you are confronted with public areas that have some of the most current design trends. Crisp marble pillars that double as seating areas face guests the moment they walk into the three-floor lobby. The lobby also flows seamlessly into the restaurant, bar, and terrace, so visitors can quickly come to the hotel for a drink. Because it is in Montreal, the hotel has to have artwork showcased around the grand lobby. Local artists and international artwork can be seen all over the hotel, and it adds to the unique charm.
The hotel features over 150 guest rooms and suites have modern geometric lines, sleek furniture, and a neutral color palette. All of the rooms are equipped with the latest technology and are perfect for couples looking to get away for a quick vacation. Many of the rooms contain a marble desk and high ceilings that compliment the white sheets on the king-sized beds.
The hotel also has a spa and indoor pool that are equipped with a sauna and hot tub. A new state of the art gym that is designed by the fitness expert Harley Pasternak is also available for guests.
The best part of the hotel is its proximity to everything happening in Montreal. It only takes a short walk to reach the Montreal Museum of Fine Arts, which is one of the most visited locations in the city.

domain: travel


text:
Regional landscape of the aluminum aerosol market, research
Aluminum Aerosol Market
A global aluminum aerosol market research report provides marketing and sales managers with a platform to gain critical insight into their consumers so that existing customers can be retained and new ones can get on board. Whether it is researching new product trends or analyzing the competition of an existing or emerging market, a great market document contains the best market research offerings and the critical information required. With this activity report, companies can again and again strengthen their competitive advantage. The market report contains expert information on global industries, products, company profiles and market trends.
The Aluminum Aerosol market will reach an estimated valuation of USD 5.51 billion by 2027, while registering this growth at a rate of 5.60% for the forecast period of 2020 to 2027. The market report for Aluminum Aerosols Aluminum aerosols analyzes the growth, which is currently growing due to the increasing demand for cans in consumer packaging solutions.
Go to the sample report @ https://www.databridgemarketresearch.com/request-a-sample/?dbmr=global-aluminium-aerosol-cans-market
Some of the major companies influencing this market are: BALL CORPORATION, Crown, ALUCON, CPMC Holdings Limited, Kian Joo Can Factory Berhad, CCL Container, Nampak Ltd., TUBEX Holding GmbH, Bharat Container, Exal Corporation, toyo-seikan.co, LINHARDT GmbH & Co. KG, MONTEBELLO PACKAGING, Euroasia, ECOL Limited, ALLTUB, among other national and global players.
The increasing demand for various personal care products such as hair spray, deodorants and the like, increasing consumer spending, increasing demand for good aesthetics with glossy surfaces in the automotive industry are some- one of the factors likely to improve the growth of aluminum. Aerosol can market during the forecast period 2020-2027. On the other hand, the prevalence of products with high barrier properties as well as the growing awareness of the population to use environmentally friendly packaging solutions, which will further stimulate various opportunities which will lead to the growth of the market. aluminum aerosols in the countries mentioned above. forecast period.
Key Trends in Aluminum Aerosol Cans Market:
– The report identifies, determines, and forecasts the global aluminum aerosol market segments on the basis of their type, sub-type, technology used, applications, end-users, and regions.
– Industry to Industry holds the largest share of the aluminum aerosol market
– It examines the micro-markets according to their growth trends, their development models, their future prospects and their contribution to the global market.
– Regional / geographic demand is expected to drive growth
– Growing adoption of market segments in this growth
– North America, Europe is expected to experience higher growth rate during the forecast period
– He studies competitive developments such as partnerships and collaborations, mergers and acquisitions (M&A), research and development (R&D) activities, product developments and expansions in the global aluminum aerosol market.
Full report: https://www.databridgemarketresearch.com/reports/global-aluminium-aerosol-cans-market
In-depth Aluminum Aerosol Market Report: Target Audience
Aluminum aerosol can manufacturers
Downstream suppliers and end users
Merchants, distributors and resellers of aluminum aerosol cans
Aluminum aerosol industry associations and research organizations
Product managers, aluminum aerosol can industry administrator, C-level industry executives
Market studies and consulting firms
Carries out the global segmentation of the ALUMINUM aerosols market:
By type of capacity (less than 100ml, 100-250ml, 251-500ml, more than 500ml),
Product type (glued, shaped wall, straight wall),
End-use industry (cosmetics and personal care, household products, automotive / industrial, others)
Regions Covered By The Aluminum Aerosol Market 2021 Report:
North America: United States, Canada and Mexico.
South and Central America: Argentina, Chile and Brazil.
Middle East and Africa: Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Turkey, Egypt and South Africa.
Europe: UK, France, Italy, Germany, Spain and Russia.
Asia-Pacific: India, China, Japan, South Korea, Indonesia, Singapore and Australia.
𝗼𝗳 𝗖𝗢𝗩𝗜𝗗-𝟭𝟵: –
The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic since December 2019, has had a major effect on the growth of the global aluminum aerosol market, due to the unavailability of required manual labor and strict travel rules around the world, which have restricted the flow of raw materials and finished products. Additionally, sudden business closures and social distancing laws have also affected work in manufacturing, which in turn has affected the global aluminum aerosol market.
For more information, ask our industry experts @ https://www.databridgemarketresearch.com/speak-to-analyst/?dbmr=global-aluminium-aerosol-cans-market
Table of Contents Covered in This Aluminum Aerosol Market Report:
1 List of tables and figures
3 key points to remember
4 Market landscape
5 Global Aluminum Aerosol Market and Key Industry Dynamics
6 Overview, Forecast and Analysis of Aluminum Aerosol Market
7 Global Aluminum Aerosol Market Analysis by Solutions
8 Global Aluminum Aerosol Market Analysis by Services
9 Global Aluminum Aerosol Market Analysis by Vertical Sector
10 Geographical Analysis of Global Aluminum Aerosol Market
11 Industry landscape
12 Competitive landscape
13 Aluminum Aerosol Market, Key Company Profiles
Browse the table of contents with facts and figures @ https://www.databridgemarketresearch.com/toc/?dbmr=global-aluminium-aerosol-cans-market
United States: +1 888 387 2818
UK: +44 208 089 1725
Hong-Kong: +852 8192 7475
Email – [email protected]
About the Data Bridges Market Research:
Data Bridge Market Research Pvt Ltd is a multinational management consulting firm with offices in India and Canada. As an innovative and neoteric market analysis and consulting company with an unmatched level of sustainability and advanced approaches. We are committed to uncovering the best consumer prospects and fostering the knowledge useful for your business to succeed in the market.
Data Bridge Market Research is the result of pure wisdom and practice that was designed and integrated in Pune in 2015. The company was born out of the health department with far fewer employees with the intention of covering the entire market while providing the best in class analysis. . Later, the company expanded its departments and extended its reach by opening a new office in Gurugram in 2018, where a team of highly qualified staff join hands for the growth of the company. “Even in the difficult times of COVID-19 when the virus has slowed everything in the world, the dedicated team at Data Bridge Market Research has been working around the clock to provide quality and support to our customers, which is also a testament to the ‘excellence of our sleeve. “
We provide a variety of services such as market verified industry reports, technology trend analysis, formative market research, strategic advice, supplier analysis, production and demand analysis, consumer impact studies, among others.
This version was posted on openPR.

domain: chemistry


introducing our premium quality reusable pads, the perfect game changer for both you and the environment. Did you know that women in the UK use an average of 11,000 disposable menstrual products during their reproductive lifetime? This produces more than 200,000 tonnes of disposable menstrual product waste per year, but with our reusable pads, you can significantly reduce your environmental impact.
Crafted with luxurious handmade quality, our washable pads are made with a top layer of bamboo charcoal fleece that neutralizes odours. The middle two layers are absorbent microfibre, and the outer patterned layer is a silky waterproof PUL fabric. Ergonomically shaped with adjustable snaps for a perfect fit, these super absorbent and leak-proof pads are slim, soft, and comfortable.
Our pack of 6 ensures that you can change your pads repeatedly without worrying about running out. Keep the used pads in the handy wet bag until you can wash them. Cleaning is also a breeze; simply rinse with cold water and machine wash at 30-40 degrees or by hand if you prefer. Allow them to dry naturally for best results.
Follow these care tips, and your pads should last for many years to come:
Wash before first use.
Do not wash soiled pads in hot water as this may cause stains to set in.
Can be hand washed and washed with other clothes. May be tumble dried on low heat or air dried naturally.
If you're not planning on washing your pads immediately, soak them in cold water first and add a little salt if heavily stained.
Do not iron as this may damage the fabric.
Do not bleach or use fabric softener as this may reduce the lifespan of your pads.
Why not take your self-care routine to the next level and try our organic apple cider vinegar and Epsom salts intimate wash bar? We also offer shampoo bars, conditioner bars, body wash, face wash, and hand wash bars, so you can go completely plastic-free in your bathroom! Make the sustainable choice and switch to our premium quality reusable pads today.


text:
Fittor Song Pashmina Is A Copy
The Katrina and Aditya Roy kapoor geatured Pashmina song is a copy of ed sheerans hire song "thinking out loud" right from Danvers moves to setting veering is copied.
Pashmina Exclusive Song Teaser | Fitoor | Aditya Roy, Katrina Kaif | Public Media
Fitoor songs Lota Do Khwab Mustafa Zahid Aditya Roy Kapur ,Katrina Kaif
Fitoor songs - Baahon Mein Teri Raha -Arijit singh ,Aditya Roy Kapoor , Katrina Kaif
Yeh Fitoor Mera - Full Song ,Arijit Singh,Aditya Roy Kapoor, Katrina Kaif,Amit Trivedi
Airlift songs | Nazron Se | Atif Aslam | Akshay Kumar,nimrat kaur


text:
ASTM International - ASTM E2111-12(2018)
Standard Quantitative Carrier Test Method to Evaluate the Bactericidal, Fungicidal, Mycobactericidal, and Sporicidal Potencies of Liquid Chemicals
|Publication Date:||15 September 2018|
|ICS Code (Physicochemical methods of analysis):||71.040.50|
significance And Use:
5.1 This test method is fully quantitative and it also avoids any loss of viable organisms through wash off, making it possible to produce statistically valid data using many fewer test and... View More
5.1 This test method is fully quantitative and it also avoids any loss of viable organisms through wash off, making it possible to produce statistically valid data using many fewer test and control carriers than other quantitative methods based on most probable numbers (MPN).
5.2 The design of the carriers makes it possible to place into each a precisely measured volume of the test suspension. The use of the threaded stir bars allows for efficient recovery of the inoculum even after its exposure for several hours to strong fixatives such as glutaraldehyde.
5.3 The membrane filtration step allows processing of the entire eluate from the test carriers and therefore the capture and subsequent detection of even low numbers of viable organisms that may be present.
5.4 This test can be performed with or without a soil load to determine the effect of such loading on microbicide performance. Consult the target regulatory agency on the need, type(s), and acceptable level(s) of soil load prior to testing. One type of soil load (Quantitative Disk Carrier Test Method E2197) to consider for this test is a mixture of three types of proteins (high molecular weight proteins, low molecular weight peptides, and mucous material) to represent the body secretions, excretions, or other extraneous substances that chemical microbicides may encounter under field conditions. It is suitable for working with the various test organisms included here. The components of the soil load are readily available and subject to much less variability than animal sera.
5.5 If distilled water or other diluent is not to be specified on the product label, the diluent for the test substance is assumed to be tap water. Since the quality of tap water varies considerably both geographically and temporally, this test method incorporates the use of water with a specified and documented level of hardness to prepare use-dilutions of test substance that require dilution in water before use. Consult the target regulatory agency regarding the use and level of water hardness prior to testing.View Less
1.1 This test method is designed for use in product development and for the generation of product potency data. This test method permits the loading of each carrier with a known volume of the test organism. The incorporation of controls can also determine the initial load of colony forming units (CFU) of organisms on the test carriers and any loss in CFU after the mandatory drying of the inoculum.
1.2 This test method is designed to have survivors and also to be used with a performance standard. The surviving microorganisms on each test carrier are compared to the mean of no less than three control carriers to determine if the performance standard has been met. To allow proper statistical evaluation of results, the size of the test inoculum should be sufficiently large to take into account both the performance standard and the experimental variation in the results. For example, if an arbitrary performance standard of 6-log10 reduction in the viability titer of the test organism is used, and an inoculum size of 107 CFU, then theoretically a maximum of ten survivors per carrier is permitted; however, because of experimental variability, the exact target may need to be higher than 106 CFU/carrier, thus fewer survivors would be permitted.
1.3 This test method should be performed by persons with training in microbiology and in facilities designed and equipped for work with infectious agents at the appropriate biosafety level (3).
1.4 In this test method, SI units are used for all applications, except for distance, in which case inches are used and SI units follow.
1.5 It is the responsibility of the investigator to determine whether Good Laboratory Practice Regulations (GLPs) are required and to follow them where appropriate (40 CFR Part 160 for EPA submissions and 21 CFR Part 58 for FDA submissions).
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.


text:
Great week for the Latrobe cross country program
As Hanna Green appeared from the behind the softball field at Seton Hill University, on her way to a second Westmoreland County Coaches' Association cross country title, she was completing a great week for the Latrobe cross country program.
Two days earlier, Green and her four senior teammates defeated Hempfield, 26-29, to clinch a tie for the Section 1-AAA title.
And to top things off, the Latrobe Middle School girls squad won the annual Westmoreland Area Athletic Directors Association meet.
“It was an exciting week,” Latrobe coach Todd Simpson said. “Hanna had something to prove, and the girls put together their best race in defeating Hempfield.
“Hempfield had gotten the best of us when we met them, but each time we were getting closer. We told the girls if this would occur when we ran them, we could get them.”
The team of Green, Mary Fratto, Cassidy Schultheis, Casey Columbus and Kasey Paul, all seniors, and junior Katie Slivko grouped together to edge Hempfield.
“We talked about what we needed to happen and what each girl had to accomplish,” Simpson said. “It was pretty big to defeat them. The girls ran super.”
At the county meet, Green didn't let the hilly course bother her. Instead, she used her athletic ability and her sprinter mentally to race out to a big lead over Franklin Regional's Kaitlyn Figurelli and Hempfield's Morgan Ansell at the mile mark.
“I wanted the title badly,” Green said. “I used the downhill to my advantage.
“Last year, I just wasn't focused. I didn't have the confidence that I could win. This year, I wanted to prove that I could win this race again.”
Green was never in trouble, winning the race by more than 20 seconds.
“The team ran a great race in beating Hempfield,” Green said. “It was big for our confidence to beat Hempfield.”
Fratto was the only other Latrobe runner to receive a medal. She placed 14th.
“The No. 1 goal now is to get the girls health for the Tri-State Invitational this week and the WPIALs on Oct. 25,” Simpson said.
The girls and boys ended up third in the county meet.
The Kiski Area girls won the event with 54 points, followed by Hempfield 62 and Latrobe 85.
Others scoring points with Green and Fratto were Schultheis (21st), Taylor Klasnic (22nd) and Paul (27th).
Columbus (31st) and Janine Schomer (37th) also ran for the varsity in the county meet.
The boys race was won by Kiski Area with 39 points. Franklin Regional was next with 69 points, and Latrobe had 99.
Kevin Augustime placed ninth overall, and Nate Jackson was 14th. They picked up medals.
Also helping the boys to the third-place finish were Ron Monack (19th), Ryan Soisson (25th) and Chad Leone (32). Zach Stewart (38th) and Josh Harter (41) also competed.
“As for the middle school team, we have six to eight darn good girls who can compete for jobs next season,” Simpson said. “Because we have five seniors, there will be an opportunity for starting jobs between the junior and sophomore girls and the middle school team.
“I look at what's coming up and it excites me. We may reload, but the transition won't be as difficult.”
Paul Schofield is a staff writer for Trib Total Media. He can be reached at firstname.lastname@example.org or 724-836-5095.

domain: sports


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Samsung is the largest smartphone manufacturer in the world, as many of you know, This Korea-based smartphone OEM has been quite successful in terms of sales for a long time now, even though their profits started to fall a while back. The company has decided to alter the design of their smartphones in order to offer something new to consumers and continue increasing their profit. Either way, Samsung is earning a lot of cash from their ‘Mobile’ department, but it seems like the company missed their profit forecast for Q4 2015, and the ‘Mobile’ department is probably an important factor here, read on.
The company has released their earning guidance for Q4 2015 today, reporting an operating profit of 6.1 trillion won ($5.08 billion). This information is actually based on the company’s estimated sales which are worth 53 trillion won ($44 billion). Now, Samsung’s operating profit is 15.3% higher than it was in Q4 2014, which is good, but is 17.5% lower than it was in Q3 2015. Now, you can look at this info the way you want, of course. If we were to compare this to the company’s results from the same period in 2014, then Samsung did really well this year, but if we compare it to the third quarter last year, well… either way, the company has earned a ton of cash last year, and this year will be interesting, for sure. The company is expected to announce quite a few Galaxy S7 devices this year (4 or 5 according to rumors), and those handsets will arrive in about a month or so. Samsung will almost certainly going to release something new and try to innovate, not to mention they are planning to tackle emerging markets and basically try to compete with various Chinese companies.
It is also worth mentioning that Samsung Mobile is now under a new leadership, J.K.Shin stepped down last year, and Dongjin Koh took over. The company’s new president already announced that the company will focus on software and services in 2016, which probably means we can expect further TouchWiz improvements. All in all, 2016 will surely be an exciting year for Samsung, and it remains to be seen how will they compete with price aggressive companies.

domain: finance


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😍Thanks so much for the watch!!🥰
If you like my Feet content please check out my Youtube Channel🦶:
Thanks for the !
Thanks for the favourite!
Of course, you're a good artist
Thanks so much! I’m glad you like my stuff! Thanks a tonne for Watching me too!


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Born June 17, 1806 in Nelson County, Virginia
Died September 17, 1885 in Charlottesville, Virginia
Appointed by Governor Francis Pierpoint on May 14, 1866 to fill the vacancy created by the death of Lucas B. Thompson, and began his service on the same day. Elected by the General Assembly on December 19, 1866. Service terminated by Reconstruction and passage of a law requiring removal of any official serving in Virginia (and Texas) who had a record of service to the Confederacy.
Hampden-Sydney College, A.B., 1825
Attended the University of Virginia and studied moral philosophy and law, 1828-1829
Other judicial service:
Judge, U.S. District Court, Western District of Virginia, 1871-1882
Planter, Albemarle County, Virginia, 1829-1871
Virginia state delegate, 1834-1835, 1838, 1841-1842, 1852-1853
Virginia state senator, 1857-1861
Rector, University of Virginia, 1865-1866
Appointed, Local News, Staunton Spectator (Staunton, Va.), May 15, 1866, col. 1, retrieved on February 24, 2014, and 59 Va., iii; re-appointed and elected by the General Assembly, Journal of the Senate of Virginia, 1866-1867 Session, 82-83; dismissed, 91 Va., xix; nominated for election to a new 12-year term in 1870 and defeated by Richard Cassius Lee Moncure on March 23, 1870, Court of Appeals, col. 1, Staunton Spectator (Staunton, Va.), March 29, 1870, retrieved on February 10, 2014; see also, J. Jefferson Looney, “Burnham, Horace Blois,” in Kneebone and Bearrs, Dictionary of Virginia Biography (Richmond, Va.: Library of Virginia, 1998), v. 2, 414; and Rives, Alexander, Biographical Directory of Federal Judges, retrieved on February 24, 2014; education, Morrison, College of Hampden Sidney: Dictionary of Biography, 1776-1825, 316; attended University of Virginia, 1828-1829 and studied moral philosophy and law, Session 1, University of Virginia Catalogue, 1828-1829, University of Virginia Law Library Special Collections; portrait privately owned by Rives family descendants.

domain: law


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London’s only non-stop live music venue, The Piano Works have turned Sundays into an all-day party with their bottomless brunches, running from midday until 4pm.The Piano Works musicians play songs exclusively on a request basis. You chose the tunes and if the pianist doesn’t know, they’ll learn it then and there! It’s a pretty impressive sight to see and hear.
As the human jukeboxes play, guests can enjoy two hours of bottomless prosecco (£15pp) or unlimited Bloody Marys (£20pp). Jenny sure kept us topped up during the day so shout out to her! We’ve heard a lot about Piano Works so was looking forward to visiting and singing away our Sunday. Make sure you get a seat near the stage, they’re definitely the best seats in the venue. Especially as after the two pianists finish playing, a full band join the stage to allow the party to continue.
My friend went with the The Full Works breakfast which includes pork and leek sausages, black and white pudding, bacon, onion and potato hash. It was very filling and helped line her stomach for the bottomless Prosecco.
Now readers who have read ONIN.London before know I love an Eggs Benedict, well Piano Works have created one with a little bit of a twist. In the Love Me Or Hate Me Eggs Benedict Burford brown eggs poached, bacon and marmite hollandaise sauce on an english muffin! It was delicous and actually worked. I was definitely in the Love Me side of things as it added that extra bit of saltiness to Eggs Benedict without being overpowering.
We decided to splurge on pancakes for dessert and it was the best decision. Pancakes with Berries and Ice-Cream, who could resist! Just ask for the menu, desserts are all £5 so super cheap!
After dessert we were dragged on to the dance floor by fellow guests. As you can see we had a great time and loved every minute of our time at Piano Works. I loved it that much, I’m headed back today so see you there! Piano Works is the place to be on weekends.
- Piano Works
- 113-117 Farringdon Road
- Corner of Ray Street
- London EC1R 3BX
Written by Tegan LeBon
Photos courtesy of Piano Works

domain: hobby


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MR. MADISON TO MR. INGERSOLL.
Montpelier, June 25, 1831.
I have received your friendly letter of the 18th inst. The few lines which answered your former one of the 21st of January last, were written in haste and in bad health; but they expressed, though without the attention in some respects due to the occasion, a dissent from the views of the President, as to a bank of the United States and a substitute for it; to which I cannot but adhere. The objections to the latter have appeared to me to preponderate greatly over the advantages expected from it, and the constitutionality of the former I still regard as sustained by the considerations to which I yielded in giving my assent to the existing bank.
The charge of inconsistency between my objection to the constitutionality of such a bank in 1791, and my assent in 1817, turns on the question, how far legislative precedents, expounding the Constitution, ought to guide succeeding legislatures, and to overrule individual opinions.
Some obscurity has been thrown over the question, by confounding it with the respect due from one legislature to laws passed by preceding legislatures. But the two cases are essentially different. A constitution being derived from a superior authority, is to be expounded and obeyed, not controlled or varied by the subordinate authority of the legislature. A law, on the other hand, resting on no higher authority than that possessed by every successive legislature, its expediency as well as its meaning, is within the scope of the latter.
The case in question has its true analogy in the obligation arising from judicial expositions of the law on succeeding judges; the constitution being a law to the legislator, as the law is a rule of decision to the judge.
And why are judicial precedents, when formed on due discussion and consideration, and deliberately sanctioned by reviews and repetitions, regarded as of binding influence, or rather of authoritative force, in settling the meaning of a law? It must be answered: 1st. Because it is a reasonable and established axiom, that the good of society requires that the rules of conduct of its members should be certain and known, which would not be the case, if any judge, disregarding the decisions of his predecessors, should vary the rule of law according to his individual interpretation of it. Misera est servitus ubi jus est aut vagum, aut incognitum. 2d. Because an exposition of the law publicly made, and repeatedly confirmed by the constituted authority, carries with it, by fair inference, the sanction of those who, having made the law through their legislative organ, appear under such circumstances to have determined its meaning through their judiciary organ.
Can it be of less consequence that the meaning of a constitution should be fixed and known, than that the meaning of a law should be so? Can indeed a law be fixed in its meaning and operation, unless the constitution be so? On the contrary, if a particular legislature, differing in the construction of the constitution, from a series of preceding constructions, proceed to act on that difference, they not only introduce uncertainty and instability in the constitution, but in the laws themselves; inasmuch as all laws preceding the new construction and inconsistent with it, are not only annulled for the future, but virtually pronounced nullities from the beginning.
But it is said that the legislator, having sworn to support the constitution, must support it in his own construction of it, however different from that put on it by his predecessors, or whatever be the consequences of the construction. And is not the judge under the same oath to support the law? yet has it ever been supposed that he was required, or at liberty to disregard all precedents, however solemnly repeated and regularly observed; and, by giving effect to his own abstract and individual opinions, to disturb the established course of practice in the business of the community? Has the wisest and most conscientious judge ever scrupled to acquiesce in decisions in which he has been overruled by the mature opinions of the majority of his colleagues, and subsequently to conform himself thereto, as to authoritative expositions of the law? And is it not reasonable that the same view of the official oath should be taken by a legislator, acting under the constitution, which is his guide, as is taken by a judge, acting under the law, which is his?
There is in fact and in common understanding, a necessity of regarding a course of practice, as above characterized, in the light of a legal rule of interpreting a law; and there is a like necessity of considering it a constitutional rule of interpreting a constitution.
That there may be extraordinary and peculiar circumstances controlling the rule in both cases, may be admitted: but with such exceptions, the rule will force itself on the practical judgment of the most ardent theorist. He will find it impossible to adhere to, and act officially upon, his solitary opinions as to the meaning of the law or constitution, in opposition to a construction reduced to practice, during a reasonable period of time; more especially where no prospect existed of a change of construction by the public or its agents. And if a reasonable period of time, marked with the usual sanctions, would not bar the individual prerogative, there could be no limitation to its exercise, although the danger of error must increase with the increasing oblivion of explanatory circumstances, and with the continual changes in the import of words and phrases.
Let it then be left to the decision of every intelligent and candid judge, which, on the whole, is most to be relied on for the true and safe construction of a constitution, that which has the uniform sanction of successive legislative bodies through a period of years, and under the varied ascendency of parties; or that which depends upon the opinions of every new legislature, heated as it may be by the spirit of party, eager in the pursuit of some favourite object, or led astray by the eloquence and address of popular statesmen, themselves, perhaps, under the influence of the same misleading causes.
It was in conformity with the view here taken of the respect due to deliberate and reiterated precedents, that the Bank of the United States, though on the original question held to be unconstitutional, received the executive signature in the year 1817. The act originally establishing a bank had undergone ample discussions in its passage through the several branches of the government. It had been carried into execution throughout a period of twenty years with annual legislative recognitions; in one instance indeed, with a positive ramification of it into a new state; and with the entire acquiescence of all the local authorities, as well as of the nation at large, to all of which may be added, a decreasing prospect of any change in the public opinion adverse to the constitutionality of such an institution. A veto from the executive under these circumstances, with an admission of the expediency, and almost necessity of the measure, would have been a defiance of all the obligations derived from a course of precedents amounting to the requisite evidence of the national judgment and intention.
It has been contended that the authority of precedents was in that case invalidated by the consideration, that they proved only a respect for the stipulated duration of the bank, with a toleration of it until the law should expire, and by the casting vote given in the Senate by the Vice-President in the year 1811, against a bill for establishing a national bank, the vote being expressly given on the ground of unconstitutionality. But if the law itself was unconstitutional, the stipulation was void, and could not be constitutionally fulfilled or tolerated. And as to the negative of the Senate by the casting vote of the presiding officer, it is a fact well understood at the time, that it resulted not from an equality of opinions in that assembly on the power of Congress to establish a bank, but from a junction of those who admitted the power, but disapproved the plan, with those who denied the power. On a simple question of constitutionality, there was a decided majority in favour of it.
Mrs. Madison joins me in hoping that you will not fail to make the intended visit to Virginia, which promises us the pleasure of welcoming you to our domicile, and in a sincere return of all the good wishes you kindly express for us.
Part VII/Appendix | Randolph Contents | Text Version


text: Results 1–10 of 245 for "Press Release"X related to "Psychologist receives Bronze Star" Refine Your Search Refine Your Search TopicEmotional health (21)Education (20)Children (19)Stress (17)Teens (16) 44 more... [+] Therapy (14)Women & men (14)Law & psychology (13)Workplace issues (13)Violence (12)Personality (10)Race (9)Sexuality (9)Trauma (9)Depression (8)Military (8)Bullying (7)Socioeconomic status (7)Aging (6)Suicide (6)Anxiety (5)Immigration (5)Kids & the media (5)Learning & memory (5)Marriage & divorce (5)Obesity (5)Parenting (5)Addictions (4)Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (4)Safety & design (4)Disability (3)Environment (3)Money (3)Sleep (3)Testing issues (3)Autism (2)Bipolar disorder (2)Human rights (2)Natural disasters (2)Sexual abuse (2)Sport & exercise (2)ADHD (1)Alzheimer's (1)Anger (1)Death & dying (1)Eating disorders (1)Hate crimes (1)Health disparities (1)HIV & AIDS (1)Hide detailsDocument TypePress ReleaseXYear2013 (58)2012 (53)2011 (59)2010 (71)2009 (3)Author/ContributorAnderson, Norman (1)Anderson, Norman B. (1)Buckhalt, Joseph A. (1)Faden, Vivian B. (1)Ferrari, Joseph (1) 12 more... [+] Gurwitch, Robin (1)Hamby, Sherry L. (1)Kirschner, Diana (1)Pargament, Kenneth I. (1)Rohan, Kelly (1)Schreibman, Laura (1)Smith, Glenn E (1)Steele, Claude M. (1)Vasquez, Melba J.T. (1)Weber, Elke (1)Youngstrom, Eric (1)Zeiss, Antonette M. (1)Hide details Results 1–10 of 245 Previous 1 2 3 ... Next Relevance Title A-Z Title Z-A Newest First Oldest First Sort by: 1.How Psychotherapy WorksPsychologist Bruce Wampold answers common questions about therapy, such as how exactly it works and what the research tells us about different types of treatment, including psychiatric drugs.Press Release (December 2009)2.Individualized Treatments Are Future of Autism Therapies, According to PsychologistA report by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention found that one in 88 American children has an autism spectrum disorder, up from a previous estimate of one in 110.Press Release (April 2012)3.Psychologist Testifies Before House Veterans’ Affairs Committee on Recommended Treatments to Prevent Veteran Suicides Psychologist M. David Rudd, PhD, ABPP, testified before the House Committee on Veterans’ Affairs on the effectiveness of interventions to prevent suicide among service members and veterans.Press Release (February 2010)4.Men and Women Cooperate Equally for the Common GoodStereotypes suggest women are more cooperative than men, but research shows that men are equally cooperative, particularly in situations involving a dilemma.Press Release (September 2011)5.Florida Psychologist Suzanne Bennett Johnson Elected APA President for 2012Suzanne Bennett Johnson, PhD, ABPP has been elected 2012 president of the American Psychological Association. Press Release (November 2010)6.Psychologically Healthy Workplace Program Press Room ArchivesArchived press releases, brochures and other publications for reporters and media outlets regarding employee workplace health.Press Release 7.Babies and Toddlers Can Suffer Mental Illness, Seldom Get TreatmentYoungest among poor and abused children face highest risk of mental illness.Press Release (February 2011)8.Work-Focused Psychotherapy Can Help Employees Return to Work SoonerEmployees on sick leave with common mental health disorders such as depression and anxiety fully returned to work sooner when therapy deals with work-related problems and how to get back on the job.Press Release (February 2012)9.Mental Health Program Uses Positive Psychology to Train Army SoldiersProgram aimed at preventing PTSD, building psychological strengths featured in special issuePress Release (January 2011)10.African-American Students May Improve Grades if Teachers Convey High Standards, Confidence in Students' Ability to Reach ThemAfrican-American students who need to improve their academic performance may do better in school and feel less stereotyped as underachievers if teachers convey high standards and their belief that students can meet them.Press Release (August 2013) Previous 1 2 3 ... Next Relevance Title A-Z Title Z-A Newest First Oldest First Sort by: ADVERTISEMENT Results 1–10 of 245 for "Press Release"X related to "Psychologist receives Bronze Star"

domain: psychology


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The central stop for city buses is on Riia maantee, opposite the old Kaubamaja department store.
Bikes can be rented from Jalgratas (742 1731; Laulupeo 19; per day 120Kr), adjoining the Tähtvere Hostel.
The tourist office keeps up-to-date lists of car-hire agencies with prices. Among the many options are City Car(523 9699; www.citycar.ee; Jõe 9a) and Sixt(744 7260; www.sixt.ee; Ülikooli 8), which is handily located in the Barclay Hotel but isn't the cheapest. Call first before stepping out, as most agencies can pick you up, and many of these places are quite a hike.
By far, the cheapest place to rent a car is at Olev's (503 0151; per day from €10) in Elva, where you can hire a refurbished Audi; Olev, the friendly owner, can help arrange transport down.


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Actinomycosis is a chronic specific infectious disease in which a dense infiltration develops on the skin and subcutaneous tissues, which tends to progress, in which specific druses are detected.
Etiology and pathogenesis of actinomycosis
The causative agent of the disease is Actinomyces Israeli fungi, gram-positive fungal microorganisms from the Fungi imperfecti group, as well as Actinomyces naestundii and Arachnia propionica fungi, which are vegetative on the stalks of barley, rye and other cereals. These fungi are widespread in nature.
When inhalation of dust containing these fungi and their spores, the pathogen enters the lungs. Infection also occurs when the pathogen enters the mucous membranes of the oral cavity, intestines and bronchi, or when chewing (swallowing) grains of cereals. Fungi can also be present in the oral cavity as saprophytes, especially in carious teeth and crypts of enlarged tonsils. Depending on the route of infection, the neck-facial, intestinal or pulmonary forms of actinomycosis develop.
After infection, chronic inflammation develops in the tissues with the formation of a granuloma having a wood texture, which progressively grows, involving new tissues in the process. In the depth of the granuloma, there are foci of softening, containing liquid pus and drusen of the fungus, after the breakthrough of which sinuous fistulas or ulcers are formed. Regional lymph nodes do not increase. They increase only in the case of the accession of a secondary purulent infection, as a result of which phlegmons, abscesses and regional lymphadenitis develop. The germination of blood vessels in the granuloma can lead to the generalization of infection, i.e., to the development of specific actinomycotic sepsis.
Clinic of actinomycosis
The incubation period lasts several weeks, sometimes months. Solid infiltrates (granulomas) are most often (in 50% of cases) formed on the lower jaw and neck. The disease develops slowly, gradually, without acute manifestations. The very first symptom of it is the reduction of the jaws, on which over time there is a thickening and swelling of the masticatory muscles. Subsequently, subcutaneous fatty tissue and skin, sometimes bone, are involved in the pathological process, as a result of which a very dense immobile infiltrate (granuloma) is formed in them. During this period, this infiltrate should be differentiated from tuberculous lymphadenitis and tumors. Gradually, the skin is involved in the process in the area of the angle of the lower jaw and neck, which acquires a blue-purple color; infiltration wood consistency, soldered to the skin and deeper tissues is palpabled on it. Over time, in the area of infiltration, multiple sinuous fistulas appear, from which pus is released. At the same time, the pus is liquid, odorless, containing small grains (fungal druses). The skin around the fistula becomes dark blue or purple.
If the lungs are involved in the pathological process, perifocal pneumonia, abscess and secondary bronchiectasis develop in their lower parts. In this case, the process extends to the chest wall and diaphragm, as a result of which intercostal fistulae are formed. When acginomycosis of the lung a specific granuloma forms in the lung tissue. Growing, it draws into the process the parenchyma, pleura, bronchi and pulmonary vessels. Infiltration (granuloma) can sprout through the pleura and chest wall, extending to the diaphragm and thoracic mediastinum. Disintegration of the infiltrate leads to the formation of abscesses and cavities in the lungs. Pus containing fungal drusen can drain with sputum in case of infiltration into the bronchus or out through the fistula. This process lasts for months and even years and leads to the development of severe pulmonary fibrosis. At the initial stage, the clinical picture of lung actinomycosis resembles chronic bronchopneumonia. The presence of infiltrate in the lung is determined by X-ray. X-ray methods, computed tomography, bronchoscopy and the characteristic features of the clinical course of the disease allow specialists to exclude tuberculosis or lung cancer and diagnose actinomycosis.
Diagnosis of actinomycosis
In advanced cases, when the process spreads to the chest wall with a clinical picture of skin lesions characteristic of actinomycosis, the diagnosis is beyond doubt. The identification of drusen in the sputum, pus and tissues obtained during bronchoscopy and thoracoscopy (in case of involvement in the process of bronchi or pleura) is extremely important for the diagnosis.
The most common site of actinomycosis in the intestine is the cecum and the vermiform process. Infiltrate captures the entire intestine, germinates through the peritoneum and the abdominal wall. After its disintegration, ulcers are formed on the mucous membrane, sometimes – multiple ulcers and fecal external fistulas. Infiltration can break into nearby organs – the bladder and kidney, as well as in the retroperitoneal space. When palpating the abdomen, it is defined as a very dense tumor formation (immobile during germination in the abdominal wall or nearby organs).
Differential diagnosis of actinomycosis
Actinomycosis must be distinguished from tuberculous lymphadenitis, malignant and benign tumors, and also from pulmonary tuberculosis. For the diagnosis, intracutaneous tests and serological reactions with actinolysate are carried out, pus is examined for the presence of drusen in it. The tumor should be distinguished from the appendicular infiltrate, which occurs immediately after an attack of acute appendicitis and which, after anti-inflammatory treatment, is rapidly reversed.
Treatment of actinomycosis
Long-term combination therapy is prescribed. Actinomycosis of the face and neck is curable. Its prognosis even with the launched forms is favorable. In case of actinomycosis of the intestines and lungs, the conservative therapy is performed. In the initial stages of the disease, the prognosis is favorable. If conservative therapy is ineffective, surgical treatment is recommended – resection of the intestine or lung in combination with conservative therapy. If the disease becomes chronic, if the process spreads to other organs or if severe purulent complications develop (purulent pleurisy, mediastinitis, retroperitoneal phlegmon), emergency palliative operations are performed – opening of the phlegmon, draining of the thoracic mediastinum and the pleural cavity. The prognosis is unfavorable.


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Dr. Nancy Vanvranken, MD, is a Pediatric Medicine specialist in Concord, New Hampshire. She attended and graduated from University Of Michigan Medical School in 1977, having over 42 years of diverse experience, especially in Pediatric Medicine. Dr. Nancy Vanvranken also cooperates with other doctors and physicians in medical groups including Ch Dhc Inc. Dr. Nancy Vanvranken accepts Medicare-approved amount as payment in full.
Call 800-562-9267 to learn more about the insurance plan(s) they accept.
253 Pleasant St, Concord, NH 3301
- Univ Of Mi Med Sch, Ann Arbor Mi 48109, 1977
- Univ Of Md Med Sys, Pediatrics
Special areas of practice expertise