SAP takes the security of its vast product portfolio very seriously and thus releases security fixes for
vulnerabilities reported by external researchers and their customers every second Tuesday of the month.
SAP Note 3038594
was released on
13.07.2021 and deals with
"[CVE-2021-33689] Insufficient Logging in SAP NetWeaver AS for JAVA (Administrator)" within Java.
We advice you to follow the instructions, to resolve
insufficient security function
low potential for exploitation
in component BC-JAS-ADM-ADM.
According to SAP Security Advisory team a workaround does not exist. It is advisable to implement the correction as part of maintenance.
Risk specificationWhen a user with insufficient privileges tries to access any application in SAP NetWeaver Administrator, no security audit log is created. Therefore, the security audit logs' Integrity is impacted.
A security audit log is added for unauthorized access attempts to any application in SAP NetWeaver Administrator.
SAP Netweaver Application Server Java is part of the SAP NetWeaver Application Platform. It provides the complete infrastructure for deploying and running Java applications.
- The AS Java Home: SAP Netweaver Application Server Java wiki
- A dedicated SAP NetWeaver 7.40 Application Server for Java Security Guide exists.
The advisory is valid for
- 6.3 [CVE-2021-21472] Server password not set during installation of SAP NetWeaver Master Data Management 7.1
- 5.4 [CVE-2020-6178] Insufficient session expiration in SAP Enable Now Manager
- 3.8 [CVE-2020-6197] Insufficient session expiration in SAP Enable Now Manager
- 3.7 [CVE-2020-6363] Insufficient Session Expiration in SAP Commerce Cloud
- 3.4 [CVE-2021-27612] SAP GUI for Windows is vulnerable to redirect users to an untrusted website


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Reducing road trauma will be the key focus of Victoria Police’s Operation Roadwise which will run from Friday, December 16 to Tuesday, December 27.
The operation aims to increase driver awareness and journey planning, while reducing road trauma during this high-risk time on our roads.
Westgate Highway Patrol road policing adviser Sergeant Marty Wallace said: “During this Road Policing Operation, Victoria Police will implement a strategically co-ordinated and tactically focused approach targeting the key contributing factors to road trauma.
“Police will be targeting the main causes of fatalities and serious injuries in crashes, including excessive speed, driver distraction, restraint and seat belt non-compliance, fatigue and impaired driving (alcohol and/or drug).
“Police will be out in force to educate drivers and to enforce road rules, with a view to preventing lives lost and serious injuries. Police are watching your speed, are you?
“Motorists will see numerous police units on major arterial roads during this holiday period, and speed cameras will be set up in identified speed and high collision locations throughout the state.
“Those planning to travel during this period can expect to see an increase in vehicles travelling on our major freeways and highways.
“Police will be targeting drivers who attend the end of year work functions as it has been identified that some drivers will take risks whilst they are impaired by alcohol and drugs.
“Drivers should plan their trips, be patient and ensure that they have frequent breaks when driving long distances.
“Road trauma isn’t just about the lives that are lost – it’s about the enormous impact on the community from lost family members, to the emergency service workers who have to deal with these tragedies on a daily basis and to the police who deliver devastating news to loved ones.
“All of the community has a responsibility and a role to play in reducing road trauma.
“Remember, travel so that you arrive at your destination safely and enjoy your Christmas and New Year holiday.”
RoadSafe Westgate Community Road Safety Council chairman Jim Giddings said it has been demonstrated time after time that speed is a contributing factor in most road crashes. Therefore, stay within the speed limit and drive to suit the conditions you face.
“Speeding increases both the risk of a crash happening and the severity of injuries sustained when a crash does happen.”
Mr Giddings said the work of his group along with initiatives like Operation Roadwise during the 2022 Christmas holiday period would hopefully reduce the number of serious road crashes on our roads.
“Road safety is not everyone else’s responsibility. It is yours. If you plan to have a drink, then plan not to drive. The risk of drinking and driving is just not worth endangering your life or those of other road users.
“Before embarking on any driving trips drivers should check their tyres, windscreen washers, indicators, brakes, and lights. So, make sure you and your vehicle are fit for the road.”
He asked the community to report speeding drivers to Crime Stoppers on 1800 333 000.

domain: news


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Answered By: David Hughes Last Updated: Aug 26, 2022 Views: 9
If you have more than one source from the same author, put them in year order, with the oldest first. If they are from the same year, then add "a" "b" "c".., after the year then sort them alphabetical order ("a" for the first source cited, "b" for the 2nd source cited, "c" for the 3rd source cited...). So if you have two articles from the same year, in the in-text citation for the first article you cite would be (Brookfield 2013a) and the second would be (Brookfield 2013b). In the reference list this would like:
Brookfield, S. (2005) The power of critical theory for adult learning and teaching. Open University Press.
Brookfield, S. (2012) Teaching for critical thinking: tools and techniques to help students question their assumptions. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
Brookfield, S. (2013a) Scholarly personal narratives as a new direction for the scholarship of teaching and learning. Teaching Theology & Religion, 16(2) pp. 127-128.
Brookfield, S. (2013b) Teaching for critical thinking, International Journal of Adult Vocational Education & Technology. 4(1) p. 1.

domain: library


Studies show that humans are mostly reluctant to change because it breeds uncertainty and behavioral change. Furthermore, it shows that young people and women are more open to change than men. However, this article aims to inspire and encourage all citizens in different social classifications and ages to consciously improve their behavior towards the environment they live in. Any change starts with a change of mindset hence it is important to provide enough information to promote change of perception, cleanliness.
The problem statement
Lesotho generates 137510 tonnes/year of which an average of 20% fall within the collection system, whereas 80% is unaccounted for, either illegally dumped or ends up in open burning practices, (UNITAR). Waste generation in Lesotho follows patterns of human settlement and socio-economic development. This is linked to the generation of domestic waste, industrial waste, medical waste, agricultural waste, construction, and e-waste and education waste.
In other instances, citizens burn their waste openly which is very dangerous to the ecosystem. The burning of products and materials containing hazardous chemicals, such as mercury, will release these chemicals into the air. Even the uncontrolled burning of everyday materials such as plastic, paper, straw, and vegetation can form extremely poisonous “dioxins” and “furans” (so-called uPOPs) when burned under inadequate conditions, as well as soot particles that can cause cancer and contribute to global warming. These chemicals do not degrade in nature, and they build up in our foods and our bodies. This is why international environmental agreements have been made to protect humans and the environment - for us today and for future generations.
Efforts towards solving the problem
Lesotho as a developing country is also faced with waste management issues such as health and environmental concerns. Waste management has not received the necessary attention that it requires, even the extent of the roll-out of national initiatives to other districts is low. This has resulted in waste management issues being neglected in the development process and the country failing to view waste as a resource to be sawn for its prosperity but rather as a nuisance (MTEC 2014). It is for this reason that it is accorded a minor percentage of the national budget. In turn, the limited funding restricts the capacity to manage waste.
The absence of legislation pertaining to waste management has imposed a serious problem as roles and responsibilities are not clearly defined. For instance, the Department of Environment (DoE) is legally mandated to coordinate all environment management issues including waste management. Whereas the Ministry of Local Government and Chieftainship Affairs (MoLGC) through its councils is responsible for waste management in their assigned areas. The current setup where DoE is not an independent authority makes the very same mandated role of DoE difficult to ensure compliance. In addition, the nonexistence/establishment of an Environmental unit as proposed in the Environment Act, in the MoLGC hinders smooth coordination of waste issues between the two Ministries.
Taking the initiative
More often than not, people are used to blaming the government for things they are capable of changing and working towards for the benefit of everyone. Taking responsibility is the very first step towards effecting change. Keep Lesotho Clean is taking a lead in coordinating individuals and organizations sustaining the environment. We, therefore, urge everyone to start cleaning up and separating waste for both business and patriotically.


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Q&A With Lindsay MacRae
We love getting inspiration from talented designers, and this week we were lucky enough to chat with Linsday MacRae. With an aesthetic that’s colorful, bright, and a little bit coastal, Lindsay shares some details on her background, her thoughts on the industry, and some helpful advice for decorating a new home.
How did you first get involved with interior design?
After working at Walt Disney World for a summer, I was inspired to become a Disney Imagineer and decided to study architecture and interior design in college. Internships lead me in a different direction, and I ended up working for Gensler for several years after graduating. I worked on a wide variety of commercial design projects before ultimately leaving to start my residential design firm in 2013.
Where do you draw inspiration from?
I mainly draw inspiration from patterned wallpapers and fabrics. I love happy patterns and colors. Everything falls into place after that.
What is the most challenging aspect of your job?
The most challenging aspect is balancing my work life with my personal/family/mom life. This job is intense and it’s 24-7. It is not as glamorous as it seems on the outside.
What is the most fun/rewarding part of your job?
The most rewarding part of my job is when clients tell me how much they love their new homes. Whether it’s in person, over the phone, or in an email, it’s the best feeling and lets me know I’ve done my job. Also, getting photographs back and showing my mom my work is super fun.
Do you have a favorite project that you’ve worked on?
It’s so hard to pick just one! I completed a home in Scarsdale a few years ago. It is so pretty, and the family was such a pleasure to work with. I have another client in NJ that I have been working with for years. I’ve touched almost every bit of the 15,000 SF home and that client always sends me home with fresh baked goodies. That house looks amazing now. Also, we just combined two apartments on NYC’s Upper West Side for another longtime client. She has great taste and trusts me to do my thing and the end result is like a dream. The last two projects were just photographed so keep your eyes out for them!
How would you describe your style?
Happy, bright, fresh, fun, light-hearted, traditional, classic, tasteful, curated, and lately a bit coastal!
How has the industry changed since you first got started?
Oh boy. So much is out there on the internet now. Clients have become savvier, and some like to shop around and do a bit of design themselves. While I encourage clients to share their likes, it is important to not have too many people steering the ship. The best projects are the ones where the clients step back and leave the designing to the experts (us).
Also, there is such pressure to keep a constant presence on social media. To me, social media feels a bit fake, but I also feel the need to keep up to stay relevant.
What predictions do you have for styles/trends in 2023/2024?
Coastal style is still in, and I think we’ll continue seeing a lot of natural materials like rattan, jute, and seagrass. The maximalist style seems to be picking up as well. I overheard that open floor plans are being ditched in exchange for dedicated rooms and I couldn’t be happier about that.
What advice would you give a new homeowner, or someone embarking on their first design project?
I would advise someone to live in their new home for a little while first to figure out how they are going to use the space. Also, buy what you love! If budget is a concern, do the home in phases instead of finishing the entire home with furnishings that aren’t so great. Don’t be afraid to invest in some high ticket items – it’s all about balance. Styling and accessories can make or break a space. Don’t forget to leave room in the budget for those. And, of course, hire a designer! Working with a designer opens a whole new world of possibilities with furniture and finishes. They can help you navigate renovations and design, bring in skilled and reliable tradespeople, and help you avoid costly mistakes

domain: artistic


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In this week’s bulletin:
The sensible approach in a recession is to stimulate the economy with government spending in areas that help people obtain work. Examples abound – through speeding up infrastructure programs, providing grants to organizations prepared to improve literacy, encouraging community improvement programs, starting training programs for new entrants into the job market, and transfers to low-income people to help them improve their standard of living […] The “dividend” out of these investments is in the form of jobs and the associated incomes, as well as an increase in the confidence of Canadians.
Mike McCracken, CEO of Informetrica Ltd., in the Toronto Star, October 4th
Toronto Network General Assembly – Countdown to a Poverty Reduction Strategy
October 27 | 1:00pm – 4:30pm
Macdonald Block | 900 Bay Street | Toronto
On October 27th, the 25 in 5 Network for Poverty Reduction will host a Toronto Network General Assembly as we countdown to the announcement of Ontario’s Poverty Reduction plan in December 2008.
We will share updates on campaign activities, government actions, and strategies around next steps.
Join us to hear directly from people living in poverty, those working on poverty reduction across the province, and our colleagues at “Half in 10”, the campaign to reduce poverty by 50% in 10 years in the United States.
- Pat Capponi, Voices from the Street
- Hon. Deb Matthews, Minister of Children and Youth Services
- Armine Yalnizyan, Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives
There is no fee to register however space is limited. Register on line at www.25in5.ca. If you are unable to register online, please call Mary at 416-351-0095 x.251 to register.
For more information about the Network, and to endorse the 25 in 5 Declaraion, visit www.25in5.ca
While the Premier has committed to announcing the details of Ontario’s poverty reduction strategy before the end of this year, he has also suggested that implementation of the strategy may have to be delayed due to the economic challenges facing our province.
By endorsing the 25 in 5 Declaration we can send a clear message to the Provincial Government that action on poverty reduction cannot be delayed:
- Action to reduce poverty is the stimulus we need to weather the economic storm: we can boost consumer spending in local economies, invest in infrastructure to stimulate jobs, and ensure that all hands are on deck to pull us through the storm.
- We owe it to each other: we must step up for Ontario families through job losses, reductions in hours of work, and other financial stresses
- We can pay now or we can pay later: we can invest in people and ensure everyone is at their best or we can look forward to increased health care, criminal justice, and social services costs.
Add your voice. Visit www.25in5.ca and sign on for poverty reduction by endorsing the 25 in 5 Founding Declaration.
Thirteen local and regional municipal councils have passed resolutions to support poverty reduction in the last nine months, according to Poverty Watch Ontario.
Last week, City Councillor April Cullen moved that the Oshawa City Council endorse the 25 in 5 Declaration. The motion passed along with the provision to forward the resolution to other municipal councils in the region and the Regional Council of Durham for their similar action.
Councillor Cullen is also organizing a full hour program on local cable TV for a discussion on poverty reduction on October 23.
Across the province, city councillors are increasingly engaged with their local poverty reduction working groups in support of the 25 in 5 objectives.
Anti-poverty movement having an impact: Angus Reid Poll
Poverty is no longer a low-priority issue. Canadians now rank it fourth on their list of election concerns. This is a remarkable shift. It began about two years ago and continues, despite financial turbulence, job losses and sharp warnings about climate change.
Tim Olafson, executive vice-president of Angus Reid Strategies, says anti-poverty advocates are having an impact, crediting them with pushing the issue onto the public agenda. ‘It’s not an issue that will tip the scales of an election,” Olafson says. “But it’s a growing concern.”
This kind of progress may not be apparent at the ballot box. But it is a powerful reason to keep fighting.”
Toronto Star Lead Editorial, Oct 6, 2008
Links to Federal Action on Poverty Reduction
On the Record: The scoop on where the Parties stand on poverty issues: Make Poverty History asked all the five major party leaders what they would do about poverty, in Canada and overseas. All of them except Conservative leader Stephen Harper agreed to answer our questions about their plans to fight poverty.
See their answers and take action at http://www.makepovertyhistory.ca/
High Child Poverty Rates Threaten Social Fabric of Canada’s Cities, warns Campaign 2000 as the federal election goes down the stretch. http://www.campaign2000.ca/
Canada Votes: The federal election is on October 14, 2008. Use Canada Votes Papers 2008 to help spark dialogue about social issues in Canada and put them on the public agenda. http://www.sparc.bc.ca/get-involved/104-canada-votes-papers-2008. Also see the Toronto Votes Election resources, now available in 18 languages, at http://www.socialplanningtoronto.org/voting/
Local poverty reduction action groups continue to keep the poverty issue front and centre in their communities.
“Now would be the worst time to pull back” from a poverty reduction plan because “an economic downturn pushes more people into poverty,” wrote the Hamilton Spectator on October 2 following a meeting of the editorial board with the Hamilton Working Group on Ontario’s Poverty Reduction Strategy
A Tale of Hardship in Peel
“The short and long-term economic and social costs of not addressing poverty immediately are enormous. Poverty is a major contributor to poor health, abuse, and violence. It is in everyone’s best interest to provide all families and individuals with the opportunity and supports needed to live fulfilling and contributing lives and feel connected to their community’s social, political and civic life,” writes the Peel Provincial Poverty Reduction Committee in their new report A Tale of Hardship in Peel.
“The strategy is still on target” says MPP Lou Rinaldi
“We’re committed to the strategy. The strategy is still on target. Once the government has a strategy, it will come up with a plan to implement it,” said MPP Lou Rinaldi, MPP for Northumberland-Quinte and Poverty Reduction Cabinet Committee member in comments to the Northumberland News, on September 24. The News reported on concerns from the Northumberland Coalition Against Poverty about the provincial government’s commitment to a poverty reduction plan.
New Peterborough Action Committee on Poverty Reduction
The Committee “is a way for the committee as a whole to make plans and get more people in the community involved.” Said Peel Mayor Paul Ayotte in Peterborough Examiner on Oct 27.
Campaign 2000’s Federal Election Statement
“We’ve been making progress [on poverty reduction] where provinces are committed, and we’ve been making some headway nationally with the National Child Benefit. But if we don’t have a strong national presence as the American economy falters, we’re really going to stall,” said Marvyn Novick on September 29 on the occasion of the release of Campaign 2000’s Federal Election Statement.
Pat Capponi, a leader in both Voices from the Street and 25 in 5 networks, held a very successful book launch for her new novel The Corpse Will Keep at the Parkdale Activity Recreation Centre on October 1. More than 80 people from Pat’s many different circles in the social action and literary fields filled the Centre’s common room to offer her congratulations.
Pat offered some stories about her recent recovery from surgery. She also read some excerpts from her new novel, which like her previous book Last Stop Sunnyside, is based on her life and experiences with people and communities struggling with poverty and mental health issues.
All present enthusiastically welcomed Pat back into the 25 in 5 campaign. As we count down to Ontario’s Poverty Reduction Strategy, we need her leadership now, more than ever.
About the Countdown to a Poverty Reduction Plan eBulletins
The 25 in 5 Network is steered by a coalition of Ontario organizations including Campaign 2000, the Income Security Advocacy Centre, the Social Planning Network of Ontario the Interfaith Social Assistance Reform Coalition, The Colour of Poverty Project, the Ontario Coalition for Social Justice, Voices From the Street, among others.
This is the second in a series of weekly bulletins that 25 in 5 will issue electronically to its contact list of supporters and interested parties across the province. The Countdown Bulletin is intended to keep you up to date on the development of a poverty reduction plan for Ontario and to let you know how you, your organizations and networks can help make it happen.
For more information visit www.25in5.ca


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In the two decades since the National Research Council (NRC) issued its 1993 report Understanding Child Abuse and Neglect, a new science of child abuse and neglect has been launched, yielding findings that delineate a serious public health problem. Fully 6 million children are involved in reports to child protective services, and many more cases go undetected. Nationally, about three-quarters of cases are classified as neglect, and the majority of reports involve children under the age of 5. Important findings on the consequences of child abuse and neglect reveal the problem is not confined to children and childhood; rather, the effects of child abuse and neglect cascade throughout the life course, with costly consequences for individuals, families, and society. These effects are seen in all aspects of human functioning, including physical and mental health, and in important arenas such as education, work, and social relationships. Addressing this public health problem will require an immediate, coordinated research response that is grounded in the complex environments and systems within which child abuse and neglect occurs and that has high-level federal support.
This study was conducted in response to a request from the Administration on Children, Youth and Families (ACYF) within the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services to update the research highlighted in the 1993 NRC report (see Appendix B for research recommendations from that report). ACYF asked that the updated report “provide recommendations for allocating existing research funds and also suggest funding mechanisms and topic areas to which new resources could be allocated or enhanced resources could be redirected.” Specifically, ACYF asked the expert committee appointed to undertake this study to
• build on a review of the literature and findings from the evaluation of research on child abuse and neglect;
• identify research that provides knowledge relevant to the programmatic, research, and policy fields;
• recommend research priorities for the next decade, including new areas of research that should be funded by public and private agencies; and
• identify areas that are no longer a priority for funding.
The Institute of Medicine (IOM) and the NRC within the National Academies appointed a committee with expertise across a broad array of disciplines associated with child abuse and neglect to carry out this study. The committee commissioned a number of background papers that summarized research findings and detailed research infrastructure needs in key areas of child abuse and neglect research. It held four face-to-face meetings, including two public sessions, and numerous conference calls to review the literature; discuss the current understanding of the extent, causes, and consequences of child abuse and neglect and the effectiveness of intervention programs; and deliberate on its findings, conclusions, and recommendations. The committee also held a workshop on “Research Issues in Child Abuse and Neglect” (IOM and NRC, 2012).
Publications on child abuse and neglect have increased more than threefold over the past two decades, documenting significant advances in the field. Among the findings reported are the following: (1) research on the consequences of child abuse and neglect has demonstrated that they are serious, long-lasting, and cumulative through adulthood; (2) the consequences include effects on the brain and other biological systems, as well as on behavior and psychosocial outcomes; and (3) rigorous research has been conducted on interventions to address the problem. Yet despite these gains in grasping the scope and scale of the problem, as well as identifying some general preventive approaches with proven effectiveness, much of the research evidence also underscores how much remains unknown. The causes of child abuse and neglect need to be understood with greater specificity if the problem is to be prevented and treated more effectively. Also needed is a better understanding of what appear to be significant declines in physical and sexual child abuse but not neglect; why children have differential sensitivity to abuse of similar severity; why some child victims respond to treatment and others do not; how different types of abuse impact a child’s developmental trajectory; and how culture, social stratification, and associated contextual factors affect the causes, consequences, prevention, and treatment of child abuse and neglect.
DESCRIBING THE PROBLEM
A critical step in devising effective responses to child abuse and neglect is reasonable agreement on the definition of the problem and its scope. A key definition of child abuse and neglect is contained in Section 3 of the Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act (CAPTA) (42 U.S.C. § 5101 note).
At a minimum, any recent act or set of acts or failure to act on the part of a parent or caretaker, which results in death, serious physical or emotional harm, sexual abuse or exploitation, or an act or failure to act, which presents an imminent risk of serious harm.
This definition, enshrined in federal legislation, establishes the basis on which all states, as well as American Samoa, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the District of Columbia, Guam, and the Virgin Islands, develop laws requiring certain professionals to report instances of child abuse or neglect to child protective service agencies.
While the CAPTA definition is a useful benchmark for describing what one looks for in determining instances of child abuse and neglect, child abuse and neglect are defined differently across the various purposes for which information on the problem is collected. Achieving clarity in the area of child abuse and neglect has therefore been a challenge. Legal definitions vary across states; researchers apply diverse standards in determining incidence and prevalence rates in clinical and population-based studies; and substantial obstacles challenge efforts to learn about children’s, especially young children’s, experiences with caregiver-inflicted abuse or neglect. As a result, the characteristics of the problem and determinations regarding its scope will differ depending on the data source used for analysis. This challenge is articulated in the 1993 NRC report and continues to impede a full understanding of the nature of the child abuse and neglect problem.
Despite this definitional challenge, data are available with which to estimate the scope, prevalence, and characteristics of child abuse and neglect across the United States. The National Child Abuse and Neglect Data System (NCANDS) is the official child abuse and neglect reporting system for cases referred to state child protection authorities. In fiscal year 2011, all states, the District of Columbia, and all territories contributed counts of the number of cases referred to child protective services, the case characteristics, and the case outcomes. Based on NCANDS data, about three-quarters of reported cases are classified as neglect, about 18 percent as physical abuse, and about 9 percent as sexual abuse (ACF, 2012). The specific rates vary among states but overall reflect the general pattern that a substantial majority of cases are neglect, with physical and sexual abuse
representing much smaller groups. The characteristics of the child victims of abuse and neglect show a gender breakdown that is approximately evenly split between males and females. The highest rates of child abuse and neglect occur among the very youngest children. Perpetrators are mainly parents (81 percent), 88 percent of whom are biological parents (ACF, 2012). Somewhat more than half of perpetrators are female. These same demographic characteristics also are reflected in other research that draws its samples from national incidence studies utilizing different data sources and methodologies.
While some discrepancies exist across data sources, strong evidence indicates that sexual abuse has declined substantially in the past two decades, and the balance of evidence favors a decline in physical abuse, especially the more common and less serious forms. There is no evidence that neglect is declining overall. However, states vary significantly as to whether neglect is increasing, decreasing, or remaining constant. These disparate trends and their causes currently are not well understood. Such understanding is essential to bring clarity to the phenomena of child abuse and neglect and to identify appropriate program and policy responses.
Theoretical models for child abuse and neglect have progressed as the field has matured. Yet hundreds of studies have reported an association or correlation between a variety of potential risk factors and child abuse or neglect without considering these models. Drawing on the work of Brofenbrenner (1979) and Belsky (1980), who identified interrelated but embedded factors that contribute to child abuse and neglect, these risk factors can be organized into individual-level, family, and contextual factors. Contextual factors represent the broader social systems that influence parental functioning, including macrosystem factors representing the social or cultural forces that contribute to and sustain abuse or neglect.
Parental substance abuse, history of child abuse or neglect, and depression appear to have the strongest support in the literature as risk factors for child abuse and neglect. There is also a robust body of knowledge about the role of stressful environments and the impact of poverty. Other candidate risk factors that have received at least some support in the literature for an association with child abuse and neglect include children having a disability, parental psychopathology, early childbearing, low socioeconomic status, and social beliefs about discipline and corporal punishment. Acknowledging that risk factors seldom occur in isolation, some studies have shown that the presence of multiple risk factors can dramatically increase the likelihood of child abuse and neglect. It is important to acknowledge, however, that all of these factors simply describe circumstances surrounding
elevated risk, but that none of these individual or contextual factors has been shown to “cause” child abuse and neglect. There is also a relative lack of understanding of why certain factors result in abuse or neglect in some situations but not others. Further, the complex interaction among multiple risk factors, especially in conjunction with protective factors and resilience, is not clearly understood.
The field’s limited knowledge of causal pathways is due mainly to the fact that research in child abuse and neglect has utilized primarily correlational designs and analyses, relying heavily on cross-sectional studies and retrospective self-reports. Research in the field needs to include models that test causal pathways using rigorous research designs and analyses. This work would ideally involve longitudinal studies starting before the birth of the target children to permit better controlled studies of who does and does not commit child abuse and neglect and under what cultural, social, and individual circumstances. Animal model studies can provide insight on issues difficult to address in human studies.
Abuse and neglect appear to influence the course of development by altering many elements of biological and psychological development; in other words, childhood abuse and neglect have a profound and often lasting impact that can encompass psychological and physical health, neurobiological development, relational skills, and risk behaviors. The timing of the abuse or neglect and its chronicity clearly matter for outcomes. In particular, the more often children experience abuse or neglect, the worse are the outcomes.
Across human and nonhuman primate studies, perturbations to the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) “stress” system often are associated with abuse and neglect and with a range of mental and physical health problems. Abused and neglected children also show behavioral and emotional difficulties that are consistent with effects on the amygdala, a structure in the brain that is critically involved in emotion and associated with internalizing of problems, heightened anxiety, emotional reactivity, and deficits in emotional processing. A number of studies suggest that abuse and neglect are associated with functional changes in the prefrontal cortex and associated brain regions, often affecting inhibitory control. Specifically, children who experience abuse and neglect appear especially at risk for deficits in executive functioning that affect behavioral regulation. Abuse and neglect also increase children’s risk for experiencing academic problems.
The impact of abuse and neglect on relational skills likely operates at least partially through disorganized attachment to the caregiver, which in turn can be predictive of long-term problems. As a result of abusive or
neglectful responses from caregivers, children are at risk for failing to develop effective strategies for regulating emotions in interactions with others. Further, abused and neglected children, like children with a history of institutional care, have problematic peer relations at disproportionately high rates. Similarly, abuse and neglect have been associated with dissociation among preschool- and elementary-aged children, as well as among adults.
Long-term outcomes among adolescents and adults with a history of abuse and neglect include higher rates of alcohol abuse and alcoholism, as well as elevated rates of posttraumatic stress disorder, compared with those without a history of abuse and neglect. Additionally, experiences of abuse and neglect in childhood have a large effect on suicide attempts in adolescence and adulthood. Moreover, children who experience abuse and neglect are more likely to engage in sexual activity at earlier ages than comparison groups. Childhood sexual abuse especially has been associated with heightened risks for a range of adverse outcomes related to sexual risk-taking behaviors.
Regarding impacts on physical health outcomes, at their most extreme, abuse and neglect are associated with stunted growth. The rate of untreated illness and infection is high among abused and neglected children, as has been found consistently among children living with their birth parents, children placed in foster care, and adults years after their experience of abuse or neglect. In various studies, different forms of abuse and neglect also have been linked with increased body mass index and increased rates of obesity in childhood, adolescence, and adulthood.
THE CHILD WELFARE SYSTEM
Each year, more than 3 million referrals for child abuse and neglect are received that involve around 6 million individual children. Contrary to popular belief, most investigated reports of child abuse and neglect do not result in out-of-home placement; only about 20 percent of investigated cases lead to the removal of a child from his or her home. The risk of placement and length of stay in out-of-home care can vary considerably based on such factors as a child’s age and the family’s race, socioeconomic status, and state of residence. Family-based care—specifically regular foster family care and relative (kinship) care—has been emphasized as the preferred option for the placement of an abused or neglected child. There has also been a policy impetus to limit the number of placements per child. The clinical literature documents that instability in placement has negative effects on children with respect to insecure attachment, psychopathology, and other problematic outcomes.
Since 1993, policy, practice, and program initiatives to improve the public child welfare system—the institution charged with providing soci-
ety’s response to suspected cases of child abuse and neglect formally reported to authorities—have received significant attention. The child welfare system provides four main sets of services: child protection investigation, family-centered services and supports, foster care, and adoption.
Beyond specific federal legislation that has paved the way for practice reforms, states and localities have adopted a number of system-level reforms that at their outset most likely were intended to improve child and family outcomes. These reforms have included differential response, privatization of child welfare services, models of parent and family engagement, and the implementation of practice models. The strongest evidence to date is on the effects of differential response.
Differential response systems have been implemented in 21 states, the District of Columbia, and four tribes to offer multiple pathways for addressing the needs of children and families referred to child welfare services. In its simplest form, differential response entails screening child abuse and neglect reports and, based on level of risk and other criteria, referring cases to either an assessment or a traditional investigation pathway. Results of some evaluations indicate a positive impact of this approach with regard to maintenance of child safety, fewer removals from home, increased access to services, and family satisfaction.
The child welfare system currently faces systemic concerns relating to a lack of organizational capacity to carry out some of the many promising practice and intervention models that are being developed. Barriers to sufficient organizational capacity include issues related to reduced funding; high caseloads; staff who are poorly trained, especially in addressing the social and emotional needs of the children who come in contact with the child protection services system; limited staff supervision; and a culture that does not necessarily support autonomy, quality practice, and critical thinking. Although certain organizational change strategies have been found to be evidence based and effective for improving workforce retention in child welfare, more research is needed in this area, especially research linking practice outcomes and workforce issues. Research also is needed to examine effective strategies for bringing to bear the interdisciplinary knowledge necessary to carry out all the diverse functions of a child welfare agency. And child welfare agencies need to employ more effective quality improvement strategies.
EFFECTIVE INTERVENTIONS AND SERVICE DELIVERY SYSTEMS
Since the 1993 NRC report was issued, significant advances have occurred in the development, evaluation, and dissemination of model programs for preventing or treating various forms of child abuse and neglect. In addition to the public child protection and child welfare systems found
in all communities, a variety of treatment programs targeting victims and perpetrators of child abuse and neglect are offered through various mental health and social service agencies. Many communities also have access to primary and secondary prevention services designed to reduce the risk for child abuse or neglect among families experiencing difficulties. Among this growing array of service options, there is strong evidence for the efficacy of an increasing number of interventions.
In the treatment domain, trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy, a brief structured program based on well-established theory and treatment elements, has been tested extensively and found to be effective with children affected by abuse and other traumatic experiences. Equally important has been the successful application of a number of well-established parent management training programs to children and families involved in the child welfare system. Again, these are programs with well-established theory and large bodies of knowledge.
In terms of prevention services, strategies such as early home visiting targeting pregnant women and parents with newborns are well researched and have demonstrated meaningful improvements in mitigating the factors commonly associated with an elevated risk for poor parenting, including abuse and neglect. Promising prevention models also have been identified in other areas, including public awareness campaigns, parenting education programs, and professional practice reforms. In contrast to the reality in 1993, policy makers and practitioners have a much stronger pool of program candidates on which to draw in both remediating the impacts of abuse and neglect and reducing its incidence.
Research suggests that a degree of reciprocity exists between service models and their host agencies. In some instances, the rigor and quality of these innovations may alter the standards of practice throughout an agency, thereby improving the overall service delivery process and enhancing participant outcomes. In other cases, organizations that provide little incentive for staff to adopt new ideas or that reduce the dosage or duration of evidence-based models to accommodate their limited resources contribute to poor implementation and reduced impacts. Maximizing the impact of evidence-based models and proven approaches will require more explicit attention to the organizational strengths and weaknesses of those agencies in which such models and approaches are embedded and to how these factors impact service implementation.
While research carried out since 1993 has generated much knowledge that can inform programs and policies, some notable gaps remain. These include understanding of the underlying reasons why some individuals and families fail to benefit from treatment and prevention programs; of how evidence-based practices and interventions are implemented, replicated, and sustained; of which service attributes are most essential to achieving
the desired impacts and for whom; and of costs for training and supervision, data monitoring, and monitoring of service delivery. Research also is lacking on the question of system reform and the infrastructure required to institutionalize and support such reform. Little research exists that can inform how best to improve interventions and agency performance in the areas of workforce development, data management, and system integration. While some preliminary research has been conducted in the area of system integration, it remains unclear which strategies are most effective in building a collaborative culture and a set of working relationships across public institutions and between these institutions and the community-based agencies that constitute the child abuse and neglect response system.
To be productive, high-quality scientific research requires a sophisticated infrastructure. This is particularly true for research that requires multiple fields, disciplines, methodologies, and levels of analysis to fully address key questions. Research on child abuse and neglect is especially complex, involving diverse independent service systems, multiple professions, ethical issues that are particularly complicated, and levels of outcome analysis ranging from the individual child to national statistics. Moreover, the building of a national research infrastructure designed to adequately address the problem of child abuse and neglect will require a dedicated and trained cadre of researchers with expertise that spans the many domains associated with research in this field and the supports necessary to sustain high-quality, methodologically sound research endeavors. Moreover, the ability of the research to achieve the goal of informing quality programming and policies will be limited if the research fails to address the complex role of culture and context in the causes, consequences, prevention, and treatment of child abuse and neglect, particularly given the increasing heterogeneity of U.S. families.
Research on child abuse and neglect entails a number of challenges. As noted, the problem cuts across a wide range of domains, such as child welfare, medicine, child development, and public health. Services must be evaluated in multiple areas, such as treatment, prevention, and policy. Moreover, children and families receiving services related to child abuse and neglect often are eligible to receive services from other systems, and diversity in the type, timing, and intensity of these additional services can be difficult to account for in research on the effects of child abuse and neglect interventions. Services designed to respond to the problem of child abuse and neglect also are provided through the many systems that interact with abused and neglected children and their families, and these systems often act independently of one another, with little or no coordination. Finally, co-
ordination of research in the field and opportunities for support have been fragmented and generally insufficient to develop and sustain the capacity for a national child abuse and neglect research enterprise.
The formation of child abuse and neglect research centers presents an important opportunity to develop and sustain a volume of high-quality interdisciplinary research on child abuse and neglect. University-affiliated child abuse and neglect research centers also provide opportunities to train and support a new generation of researchers to ensure the growth of the field.
Since the 1993 NRC report was issued, numerous changes have been made to federal and state laws and policies designed to impact the incidence, reporting, and negative health and economic consequences of child abuse and neglect. At its core, the debate around the development of laws and policies to help prevent child abuse and neglect involves questions of public value. It also involves trade-offs entailed in laws and policies between public benefit and private interests. Research evaluating laws and policies on child abuse and neglect can make it possible to anticipate and respond to predictable problems that may occur as a result of their implementation. Research helps address questions whose answers are critical to implementing child protection laws and policies effectively.
The research design needed to evaluate laws and policies is not always the same as the design one would use for the evaluation of child abuse and neglect practice interventions. Although some laws and policies can be evaluated by random assignment (e.g., studying the differential response approach discussed above), random assignment cannot be used if it would differentially affect the legal rights of citizens, if it would subject citizens to unequal treatment under the law, or if it would place children in jeopardy. Furthermore, simply studying the incidence of child abuse and neglect in the aggregate (such as at the state or national level) is unlikely to aid in determining and attributing potential causes.
Another difficulty in evaluating laws and policies related to child abuse and neglect is that adherence to a law, such as one on mandatory reporting, often is predicated on public knowledge, understanding, and support, which frequently vary across practitioner disciplines, as well as within and among states. Finally, much of the evolution in child abuse and neglect law and policy over the last few decades has consisted of incremental changes to existing legislation (such as CAPTA). In these cases, what is needed is research on the implementation and augmentation of the law or policy rather than the core law or policy itself.
Given these complexities in conducting analyses of child abuse and
neglect laws and policies and the fact that the laws and policies vary by state, it is not surprising that little research has been done in this area. A number of federal laws set national standards for confronting child abuse and neglect issues; however, many standards are either further elucidated by or completely derived from state legislation. Research on changes in both state and federal laws and policies has been extremely limited.
The heterogeneity of state laws on child abuse and neglect can be viewed as offering the opportunity for a natural experiment. State variations in such areas as mandated reporters, definitions of abuse and neglect, and the range of penalties provide a myriad of opportunities to examine the impact of policy change. New methods, such as propensity scoring and difference-within-difference analyses, can be powerful tools for examining policy-relevant questions.
The committee formulated a set of recommendations around four pertinent areas, focused on the development of a coordinated research enterprise in child abuse and neglect that is relevant to the programs, policies, and practices that influence children and their caregivers. The four areas are (1) development of a national strategic research plan that is focused on priority topics identified by the committee and that delineates implementation and accountability steps across federal agencies (Recommendations 1-3), (2) creation of a national surveillance system (Recommendation 4), (3) development of the structures necessary to train cohorts of high-quality researchers to conduct child abuse and neglect research (Recommendations 5-7), and (4) creation of mechanisms for conducting policy-relevant research (Recommendations 8-9).
A National Strategic Research Plan
Recommendation 1: Federal agencies, in partnership with private foundations and academic institutions, should implement a research agenda designed to advance knowledge and understanding of the causes and consequences of child abuse and neglect, as well as the identification and implementation of effective services for its treatment and prevention. The research priorities listed in Figure S-1 should be considered in this agenda.
Recommendation 2: The Federal Interagency Work Group on Child Abuse and Neglect, under the auspices of the assistant secretary of the Administration for Children and Families, should develop a strategic plan that details a business plan, an implementation strategy, and de-
partmental accountability for the advancement of a national research agenda on child abuse and neglect.
Recommendation 3: The assistant secretary of the Administration for Children and Families should convene senior-level leadership of all federal agencies with a stake in child abuse and neglect research to discuss and assign accountability for the implementation of a strategic plan to advance a national research agenda on child abuse and neglect.
FIGURE S-1 Research priorities in child abuse and neglect.
A National Surveillance System
Recommendation 4: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, in partnership with the Federal Interagency Work Group on Child Abuse and Neglect, should develop and sustain a national surveillance system for child abuse and neglect that links data across multiple systems and sources.
Training of Researchers
Recommendation 5: Federal agencies, in partnership with private foundations and academic institutions, should invest in developing and sustaining a cadre of researchers who can examine issues of child abuse and neglect across multiple disciplines.
Recommendation 6: Federal agencies, in partnership with private foundations and academic institutions, should provide funding for new multidisciplinary education and research centers on child abuse and neglect in geographically diverse locations across the United States.
Recommendation 7: The National Institutes of Health should develop a new child maltreatment, trauma, and violence study section under the Risk, Prevention, and Health Behavior Integrated Review Group.
Mechanisms for Conducting Policy-Relevant Research
Recommendation 8: To ensure accountability and effectiveness and to encourage evidence-based policy making, Congress should include support in all new legislation related to child abuse and neglect, such as reauthorizations of the Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act, for evaluation of the impact of new child abuse and neglect laws and policies and require a review of the findings in reauthorization discussions.
Recommendation 9: To ensure accountability and effectiveness, to support evidence-based policy making, and to allow for exploration of the differential impact of various state laws and policies, state legislatures should include support in all new legislation related to child abuse and neglect for evaluation of the impact of new child abuse and neglect laws and policies and require a review of the findings in reauthorization discussions.
ACF (Administration for Children and Families). 2012. Child maltreatment, 2011 report. Washington, DC: U.S. Deparment of Health and Human Services, ACF. http://www.acf.hhs.gov/sites/default/files/cb/cm11.pdf (accessed December 3, 2013).
Belsky, J. 1980. Child maltreatment: An ecological integration. American Psychologist 35(4): 320-335.
Bronfenbrenner, U. 1979. The ecology of human development: Experiments by nature and design. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
IOM (Institute of Medicine) and NRC (National Research Council). 2012. Child maltreatment research, policy, and practice for the next decade: Workshop summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
NRC. 1993. Understanding child abuse and neglect. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.

domain: literature


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Traveler's Notebooks are perfect for on-the-go documenting—so make sure your embellishments don't slow you down! In this class, April Foster shares how to best utilize stamps in your TN. With a low profile and variety of options, stamps are a notebook's best friend! Explore the basics of stamping in a TN as April shares solutions to common problems. Then learn fun techniques that can be applied to different types of stamps. In this class, you'll gain tips and inspiration for using alphabet stamps in unique ways, creating an ombre pattern, letting stamps spark your journaling, and more! Whether you're a notebook pro or just starting out, the skills learned in this class are sure to transform your everyday documenting!
Here's some of what you'll learn:
- Quick tips for getting the best stamped results in your Traveler's Notebooks
- Ideas for utilizing alphabet stamps to their fullest potential in notebook spreads
- How to use icon and illustration stamps in interesting ways in your projects
- Tips for stretching your pattern and basic shape stamps beyond their normal uses
- Unique ideas for making word stamps work for you in your notebook documenting
- Tricks for creating eye-catching notebook spreads with your favorite reusable supplies
Visit Traveler's Notebook | Stamping in the shop to find out everything you need to know!
Traveler's Notebook | Stamping starts February 19th! Enroll today to save your spot in class!

domain: hobby


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The Harris County Attorney’s Office in Houston is prepping for a possible suit against the Mortgage Electronic Registration Systems, or MERS. The county attorney’s office told HousingWire it plans to ask the Harris County Commissioners Court to approve the hiring of an outside counsel to pursue a complaint against MERS. The exact legal theory for a potential suit is still being ironed out, but Robert Soard, chief of staff at the Harris County Attorney’s Office, said, if filed, the complaint would include the legal theory that MERS prevented the county from obtaining proper filing fees every time a new mortgage assignment was made within the MERS registry. “We have been looking at this matter for well over a year,” Soard said. A spokesperson for MERS said if something hasn’t been filed, it can’t respond to the allegations. “We have no specific comment on issues that may be raised in a complaint that might be filed at some point in the future,” MERS said in a statement. “Nothing has been filed by these counties, and the only information we have is speculative and learned from various press accounts we’ve seen.” A spokesperson for MERS added, “I reiterate that MERS complies with the recording statutes and mortgage regulations in Texas (as well as other states) and the legality of MERS’ business model has already been affirmed in numerous cases decided by Texas courts and by federal courts. Should any new litigation be filed, we will defend the merits in the appropriate venue.” Harris County’s pursuit of a MERS case follows on the heels of the Dallas County DA’s suit against MERS earlier this month. Soard said Harris County is still crunching data to determine what is owed in mortgage filing fees. To date, he has a rough estimate of $11 million in fees from the nine-year period, stretching from 2002 to 2011. Soard said the county is trying to obtain permission to hire outside counsel because the scope of the suit is too much for in-house attorneys due to the level of investigation and the number of entities involved. Write to Kerri Panchuk.
Most Popular Articles
The National Association of Realtors board of directors voted 729-70 on Monday to ban the controversial practice of “pocket listings.”
Real estate technology firm MoxiWorks announced this week that it has acquired Imprev, a provider of real estate marketing automation services.


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It might seem that, as a result of globalization, the world is becoming so homogenous in nature that there is very little use for a discipline that focuses on describing the similarities and differences of places around the world. Globalization, however, has instead actually increased the importance of understanding the significance of places.
As material culture and lifestyles have become more diffused throughout the world, understanding ethnic and regional identities is also becoming more important. For example, many groups are now exhibiting growing resistance to the influences of the dominant American culture. Moreover, this resistance is not necessarily found only outside the boundaries of the United States. Some Native American groups, for example, are striving to preserve their ancient languages and cultures in response to the assimilative powers of modern consumerism, instant communications, and the influences of the mass media.
As information moves around the globe at ever faster rates of speed, people increasingly seek a sense of belonging or a sense of community. Therefore, while modern technology can put us in contact with the greater world community in a matter of seconds, it cannot give us a sense of belonging. The impersonal nature of the modern global economic system has lead many to seek to put down roots in small communities or to become part of social and/or religious groups.
As corporations have become multinational in scope, they now move quickly from one place to another depending on where they are able to make the greatest profits. Thus, their manufacturing centers are less permanent and their markets tend to shift with increasingly regularity. The old, familiar patterns that once held for decades can no longer be counted upon for planning, and they are no longer valid as a foundation for regional analysis. Now, workers and consumers must react quickly to regional changes in production and consumption. Communities that once served the needs of hundreds of families who operated small farms have been changed by the changing nature of the rural landscape from places dominated by small farms to places now characterized by a few huge, mechanized agribusiness enterprises. Many small farm towns have simply withered on the vine since the end of World War II, while others have adapted by becoming retirement communities and/or by developing services that attract tourists. In cities such as Detroit, Michigan, the shift of automobile production to other parts of the country and to places outside the United States has created landscapes of devastation and poverty. These cities are currently striving to find ways to rebuild their infrastructures, rejuvenate their economies, and reestablish an acceptable level of social order.
Tensions that revolve around issues associated with race, ethnicity, and religion have been somewhat exacerbated by globalization. In some parts of the world, including the United States, there has been a relatively recent resurgence in nationalism. Whereas people may enjoy the benefits of globalization, including inexpensive clothing, shoes, and other goods, many complain that it now nearly impossible to find consumer products manufactured in the United States. This is also true in other nations with advanced economic systems in which the cost of labor is not competitive with wages in China, India, and many other industrializing countries.
All of these examples suggest that globalization does not threaten the need for or the vitality of geography. If anything, geographers now have more to do than ever before.

domain: sociology


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Police: Kremmling officer assaulted
Early Saturday morning, Jan. 27, Kremmling police officer Todd Willson was assaulted on a routine bar check in Kremmling.
Terry Collins, 51, of Denver, and Scott Folven, 49, of Erie, were arrested, according to police.
While doing a bar check at Rocky Mountain Bar and Grill, Officer Todd Willson responded to an altercation near the pool table, according to Police Chief Scott Spade. Willson spoke to one male and told him to calm down and proceeded to find out what was going on, Spade said, at which point Collins stepped between the two and put his hands on the officer and his throat.
Willson broke free and pulled his Taser but didn’t deploy it. He took the first male, Scott Folven into custody, and later found Collins in his motel room and took him into custody.
Folven was charged with obstructing a peace officer.
The Dispatch call log says Collins was arrested for assaulting a police officer, which is a felony. He bonded out of jail on Monday and has not yet been formally charged, according to the District Attorney’s office.
Officer Willson was not hurt during the incident and was able to continue his duty for the night, said Spade.
Willson has been a Kremmling police officer for 19 years.
Nightly walk-throughs in bars are a typical duty performed by police officers, according to Spade, to make sure patrons are behaving and not being over-served.
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Global video games brand Namco has made its most popular game Pac Man available on Google Play Store for free.
In addition to a faithful reproduction of the arcade classic, this app includes a brand new Tournament mode featuring constantly updated mazes, performance based score multipliers that will help bring a new level of challenge and excitement for the players. The game brings along a variety of new mazes and new items for the Pac man to gobble up for some additional scores as well.
The game includes the main character that has to escape the guards while gobbling up all the elements (yellow dots) forms the mazes. Now this can done by tricking them or outsmarting them as there is no fighting involved in this classic game.
Earlier the game was priced at $5 or Rs 250 on Play Store.


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-1 Authority or power given to someone to do something.
-2 The process of becoming stronger and more confident, especially in controlling one’s life and claiming one’s rights.
Empower has become my least favorite word, particularly when applied to women. It currently serves as a way to pay lip service to gender equality, without making any real and radical change. Worst of all, it implies that women need permission (see definition 1 above) when in actuality, what we need to do is claim what’s rightfully ours (see definition 2).
Women around the world are finally recognizing their own abilities to empower themselves and the women around them, and rather than waiting for a seat at the table, they’re building their own. Rather than waiting to be empowered, we need to remind ourselves that we have the right to speak our truth, share our opinions and have the courage of our convictions.
A past study showed that girls are at their peak confident at the age of 10 and unfortunately. But by instilling the right values in our girls, allowing them to be as bold and outspoken as they choose to be and arming them with the right tools, information and mentors, we can ensure we’re raising a generation of self-empowered, confident women.
Value Relationships Where You Are An Equal
The relationships in which we are treated equally allow us to appreciate what it means to be respected and valued, as well as offering the opportunity to share our beliefs, stand firm in our opinions, and bring ideas to the table.
Discuss Inequity For Women
There can be no end to inequality without awareness and discussion.Stay informed and share your awareness with others. Speak up when you feel slighted and expect others to listen. This is a fundamental route to change.
Support Yourself With Your Language
Words matter. Focus on your language. What are the words you use to describe yourself? Or other women? Choose to use words that demand respect and show strength and appreciation.
Take A Risk
Taking risks is a great way to build self-reliance. Even if all goes wrong, going out on a limb builds experience, strong decision making, self trust and problem solving. Many women wait until they feel unfulfilled or need a change before rerouting their lives and trying something new. However, having a vision of what your life should be and being unafraid to pursue that path is the easiest way to turn dreams into reality.
Apply for that promotion, take on the stretch assignments, find mentors, attend educational panels and networking events. Basically, use every opportunity you can to develop and grow and place yourself in a position of strength.
We all know that positive thinking can make a huge difference to our self esteem. Despite the unequal odds, find ways to continually boost your self worth every day whether with affirmations or an upbeat mindset. Not only does this approach support peace of mind, it also helps with problem-solving and productivity.


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drzcharlie Posted June 28, 2018 Report Share Posted June 28, 2018 Martha and I continue our trip up the Oregon Coast. This blog entry is about Gold Beach, Port Orford and Prehistoric Gardens. Tomorrow (the 29th) we continue north up the Oregon and Washington coasts where we will load the "Beast" onto an ocean going ferry for the trip to Orcas Island. (Mods, this is a non-monetized blog): http://wanderingtootsies.blogspot.com/2018/06/gold-beach-oregon-prehistoric-gardens.html Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
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domain: geography


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CircuitalMy Morning Jacket
Oh my GOD you guys. Remember how terrible the last MMJ album was? No? Me neither. I listened to it once and gave up. Good news though. I feel the exact opposite about Circuital, their new album. They’re baaaack.
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domain: entertainment


October 9th, 2009 11:42 EST
Why In God's Name Was Obama Awarded Nobel Peace Prize?
"A surprised world greeted the award of the Nobel Peace Prize to U.S. President Barack Obama with a mixture of praise and skepticism on Friday.
In its announcement, the Norwegian Nobel Committee hailed Obama`s `extraordinary efforts to strengthen international diplomacy and cooperation between peoples.`
Norwegian Prime Minister Jens Stoltenberg referred to Obama`s work for peace and disarmament, saying: `This is a surprising, an exciting prize. It remains to be seen if he will succeed with reconciliation, peace and nuclear disarmament.`" Read More
President Obama has made dramatic overtures to the Islamic world, and he`s chosen dialogue over threats of violence in dealing with foes like North Korea and Iran.
After eight years of cowboy diplomacy and a preemptive war mentality under the Bush regime, Obama`s willingness to work with international institutions is a breath of fresh air.
However, awarding the Nobel Peace prize to a president who has been in power for only a few months is sheer lunacy. The Norwegian Nobel Committee awarded the coveted prize to Obama not for what he has accomplished, but as a bribe not to escalate the war in Afghanistan.
It`s not often that I agree with the Taliban, in fact I have never found myself on the same side with them, but their spokesman is absolutely right when he declared:
"The Nobel prize for peace? Obama should have won the `Nobel Prize for escalating violence and killing civilians`,"
Obama has sent 21,000 more troops to Afghanistan this year, and if he follows McChrystal`s recommendation he will dispatch 40,000 more soldiers to an illegal, immoral and senseless war.
Obama is responsible for the escalation of violence in Afghanistan and for the death of thousands of civilians. It is a travesty of justice to award Obama the Nobel Peace Prize.
Shame, shame on the Norwegian Nobel Committee!
Shame, shame on Obama for accepting an award he knows he doesn`t deserve.


HBand is a luxury leather watch strap with built-in Bluetooth Audio fob. It is a compact Bluetooth headset embedded in watch strap that provides phone call convenience in two ways. In Hands on mode, the user would flip open the fob and start taking the phone call by holding hand to ear. The audio is fired from bottom of the wrist to user’s ear. An ideal solution for quick phone call. In Headset mode, the user can remove the audio fob from watch strap, insert in ear and use the device like a normal Bluetooth headset It makes an Apple watch or any Smartwatch/Watch complete by providing private call functionality.


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Clouds 2019 — Riesling
A Wine That
is named after the fact that the vineyard spends a lot of its time in the clouds. It’s a wine for slow weekends spent lazing with a good book or podcast, deenergizing from a busy week and letting your taste buds calm down your mind as you get hit by a fresh breeze of purity and crisp acidity.
▼ Scroll for More Info
- Delivery: Delivery and gift wrapping options available at checkout.
- Winemaker: Gentle Folk
Where and How?
This is organically farmed Riesling from the Adelaide Hills. In the makers’ words,
“Named after the fact the vineyard spends a lot of its time in the clouds, the 2019 Clouds is a wine with near perfect balance in our humble opinion. It has taken a few years to get to this point as it can be extremely difficult to get the fruit perfectly ripe before the rain or birds get the better of us. The small yield and warmer year in 2019 brought the ripening forward and the grapes were picked in March for the first time ever. Funnily enough it was also the first year we managed to get it through fermentation before Christmas. I think that these various factors have created a wine with much more purity in 2019 than previous releases yet the short time on skins still gives the wine a hint of texture and that classic lemon sherbet we see in Adelaide Hills Riesling.”
Fermented naturally and bottled unfined, unfiltered with just a tiny touch of sulphur.
From a PhD in green seaweed diversity, to researching and diving for seaweed in the northwest Pacific, somewhere along the way, Gareth and Rainbo Belton fell head-over-heels for the wines of the Adelaide Hills in Australia.
A tasting with some of the region’s well-known natural wine pioneers saw Gareth hooked, and before he knew it, he was up at 5am in a truck with James Erskine to go and harvest throughout the hills. He never looked back. Gentle Folk was born.
They are known for their smashable, moreish Rainbow Juice and Vin de Sofa, which took the natural wine world by storm. More recently, they’ve turned their sights to fine tuning their single vineyard Pinots and Chardonnays.
One dream still remains. To make the equivalent of lunchtime Chianti. It’s a dream that’s not too far off… and one that will collide with Vin de Sofa.


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Once a week, early enough that the sun has barely risen, a small group gathers outside Green Library for an hour or so and chats. Seated around a table at Coupa Cafe, they discuss typical Stanford things: what classes to avoid, what grad schools to apply for, what articles they’ve been reading.
Reinhard Cardinal Marx delivered this year’s Roger W. Heyns Lecture in Religion and Society Thursday evening. Cardinal Marx, the Catholic Archbishop of Munich and Freising, centered his remarks on religion’s role in a pluralistic society.
The Catholic Community at Stanford ([email protected]) recently launched a mobile app for Android and iPhone devices that includes a variety of resources for Catholic life at Stanford, including mass times, upcoming events, prayer materials, podcasts and videos.
The Catholic communities at Stanford and Yale University were the first to purchase the customizable app from the Newman Center Service Company after the company reached out to campus centers across the nation.
I have never tried to convert anyone in my life. I am one of the most open-minded people you will ever meet. I rarely even tell people that I’m Catholic.
“We now face the largest institutional crisis in centuries, possibly in church history,” read a National Catholic Reporter editorial from March 26, 2010…


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Since personal computers (PCs) radiate radio noise in a wide frequency range, wireless devices added to PCs may be subjected to interference from PC noise. Investigations were carried out on what impact clock harmonics radiating from a PC had on the bit error rate (BER) of multiband OFDM (MB-OFDM) UWB devices. The results indicated that clock harmonics cause considerable BER degradation in UWB devices especially those operated in high-bitrate communication modes. It was also found that the frequency modulation of a PC clock signal, i.e., so-called spread spectrum clocking (SSC), had no effect on mitigating BER degradation, even though SSC techniques are commonly used in PCs for reducing the power spectral density of radiated noise. Discussions were further made on a possible scheme of mitigating interference by using Viterbi decoding with channel state information (CSI) that is obtained by estimating the instantaneous frequency of clock signal directly provided by the PC to the UWB device.


The relationship between technology and content is an interesting one. On the one hand, tech advancements dictate what makes effective content and keep changing the rules of the game. On the other, evolving solutions help us play by those rules and win.
When you’re doing business in the online world, like most of us are, keeping up with innovations is critical to success. If you take advantage of emerging technologies, you can fine-tune your content to meet all your marketing goals.
There are many digital writing tools that can take your content to the next level. Let’s see how they can help.
1. Write Killer Headlines
Like it or not, we all judge a book by its cover at least a little. If something doesn’t leave a strong first impression, we’re likely to lose interest very quickly.
According to Ogilvy’s research, an average person scrolls through 300ft (91.4m) of content every day. A strong, catchy headline acts like a stop sign that makes someone slow down and pay attention.
It takes a lot of creativity to keep coming up with such headlines. Luckily, many online headline generators and analyzers can help out. They use factors like SEO ratings, niche-based metrics, and sentiment analysis to help you create a perfect title for your content.
Of course, you should only use these tools for support. Instead of accepting the suggestions verbatim, use them as inspiration to create compelling headlines.
2. Get Search Engines to Like You
As search engines become more sophisticated, the SEO umbrella keeps broadening. But keyword research remains among its core practices. The only thing that keeps changing is how you use keywords.
Namely, there’s no more room for guesswork and shots in the dark. You need to get strategic and creative with your keywords.
The good news is that SEO tools are getting increasingly capable. From the simpler ones like Google Keyword Planner to the more comprehensive options like SEMrush, many platforms can help you rank well for the right keywords.
Take some time to explore these tools and get the most out of them. The data they provide is invaluable when it comes to ranking higher than the competition. Carefully position the right primary, semantic, and long-tail keywords in your content, and search algorithms will see you as an authority.
3. Rid Your Content of Errors
You don’t have to be an English major to write content that engages and entertains your audience. But you do need to ensure that grammar and spelling errors don’t damage the content’s quality.
Sure, readers will forgive a mistake or two. However, such mistakes can hurt the experience that your content provides. And if your content is riddled with errors, the reader is very likely to click away.
That’s why people who aren’t big on rules turn to digital writing tools for assistance. Solutions like Grammarly let you focus on the fun and creative part of writing without having to double-check every sentence. All you have to do is run your content through the checker, and it will point out your slips and mishaps.
Better yet, you can also get recommendations on how to make your content more concise and engaging. As a result, you can deliver a ton of value without filler and fluff.
4. Don’t Risk Looking Like a Copycat
Content writing involves a great deal of time, effort, and care. You wouldn’t be happy if someone took a shortcut by copying your content. That’s why you should never try to do so, either. Everything you push out should be unique and reflect you as a brand.
The amount of content out there is immeasurable, and millions of words get on the web every day. With that in mind, it’s not uncommon to find crossovers in ideas and the way they’re conveyed. Luckily, that doesn’t mean that there’s no room for uniqueness.
To ensure that your content doesn’t look too much like something already published, you should use anti-plagiarism tools. They’re getting better and better at cross-referencing content from all corners of the web to ensure there’s no foul play.
Plagiarism checkers can help you avoid lots of trouble. If it escapes your attention that your content is too similar to what’s out there, you might end up having to take it down. In the more severe cases of plagiarism, you could run into serious legal trouble.
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Do you plan your content ahead and know how to keep things interesting with fresh ideas? If not, you’ll want to build this habit sooner than later. The last thing you want is to run out of unique content to put out.
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Tools such as SEMrush can help you come up with new ideas and create an uninterrupted stream of content. All you have to do is enter some general search terms, and you’ll get results that encompass blog posts, news, Q&As, and forums. Instead of manually researching new topics and wasting a lot of time, you can uncover idea goldmines in no time.
Hone Your Writing to Perfection
As technology evolves, it makes writing increasingly effortless. Today, you can overcome writer’s block in many ways with a little help from an algorithm-based friend.
As capable as digital writing tools are, don’t forget that they’re still machines. Don’t use them as a replacement for your creativity, just as its fuel. Minimize the need for mundane and exhausting work, and free up more time for the fun and exciting part of the writing process.


text:
Base on Eq. (2), the quadratic model predicted that the maximum yield of taurine was 13.2 mg/g when the extraction time, ultrasonic power, and extraction temperature were 38.3 min, 300.0 W, and 40.5 °C, respectively.
3.2. Verification experiments
Experiments were carried out to verify the results of the BBD experiments as well as confirm the utility of this ABT737 model. Using the previously mentioned optimized conditions, the maximum yield of taurine was 13.0 mg/g (Table 4). These results suggest that the experimental and predicted values were in good agreement. The
To examine the fermentation efficiency of sugars saccharified from ChOAc or EmimOAc-pretreated DYKDDDDK with a different number of post-pretreatment wash times, the pretreated bagasse powder, which was washed 1–5 times, was enzymatically hydrolyzed for 48 h, followed by ethanol fermentation using yeast MT8-1 for another 48 h. Fig. 2C shows ethanol yield on a glucose basis obtained at 48 h of fermentation from glucose generated by saccharification of ChOAc or EmimOAc-pretreated bagasse with a different number of wash times. The ethanol yield enhanced along with the number of washing times, reaching saturated values, irrespective of the ILs. The ethanol yield for the case of ChOAc was higher than mesophyll for the cases of EmimOAc at 1 and 2 wash times. The ethanol yields at 2 wash times were 73% and 54% in the cases of ChOAc and EmimOAc, respectively. The ethanol yields were almost at the constant level of around 75% irrespective of the ILs at 3–5 wash times.

domain: biology


text:
A poster boy for bail reform gone wrong
Boy, is Pedro Hernandez proving a problematic poster boy for bail reform.
Now 19, he racked up his 15th arrest late Saturday night for driving recklessly and without a license.
Cops approached a man urinating at a bus stop; the perp jumped in Hernandez’s car, which allegedly reversed against traffic. With the police siren blaring, the driver fled through several stop signs before abandoning the 2015 BMW M6.
Officers finally nabbed Hernandez an hour later for blowing a red light while at the wheel of a 2017 Infiniti G35x. He was refused bail because he has another open warrant thanks to missing court on yet another reckless-driving case (involving a stolen BMW — guess the kid likes flashy cars) in Yonkers. He also still faces charges over an April robbery-slashing in The Bronx.
The young man rose to fame in 2016 when he turned down a no-jail plea bargain to maintain his innocence in a botched bodega shooting. A year later, the Robert F. Kennedy Human Rights Foundation proudly posted his $100,000 bail.
That case was later dropped due to an uncooperative witness and allegations of police misconduct. Prosecutors closed yet another case, over a 2015 robbery, after Hernandez made good on a promise to complete a semester of college.
And this is a kid whose experiences helped inspire the Legislature to eliminate (as of next year) bail-or-jail before trial for nearly all misdemeanors and nonviolent felonies.
Expect New York to get much more dangerous come Jan. 1.
Source: Read Full Article

domain: law


text:
Washington, D.C., January 18, 2006—American Farmland Trust (AFT) and Coleman Natural Foods (CNF), the largest all natural meat company in the United States, today announced that they have produced the Rocky Mountain Agricultural Landowners Guide. This guide is designed to provide ranchers and farmers in seven western states with the vital information and the tools required to protect their land and operations investment, and help combat the annual loss of more than 127,000 acres of U.S. agricultural land in seven Rocky Mountain states to expanding development, an area equivalent to almost two-and- a-half Mesa Verde National Parks.
Farmers and ranchers in the Rocky Mountain region hold together an increasingly fragmented landscape. Rising land prices, shifting demographics and sprawling development have all affected the viability of farming and ranching in this region. The critical new guide is available today to farmers and ranchers in Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, New Mexico, Utah and Wyoming.
“Western farmers and ranchers need ways to stay economically viable and protect the investment they have in their land and operations,” said Ralph Grossi, president of AFT. “In partnership with Coleman Natural Foods, we developed this guide to educate landowners about the variety of public programs and private options available to farmers and ranchers who want to conserve their land and improve its productivity.”
The Rocky Mountain Agricultural Landowners Guide is a result of the Coleman Eco-Project 2015, a unique 10-year partnership between AFT and CNF to address the critical need to protect working farms and ranches. The goal of the AFT-CNF partnership is to facilitate the placement of 50 million acres of farm and ranch land under sound stewardship and sustainable management practices by 2015.
“We’ve undertaken this effort as part of our continuous effort to promote a holistic approach to food production, grassland and rangeland management. The goal is to improve the long-term economic viability for future generations of America’s family farms and ranches,” said Mel Coleman, Jr., chairman of Coleman Natural Foods.
To obtain a copy of the guide, send an e-mail to: firstname.lastname@example.org, call 800-370-4879 ext. 27, or download a free [PDF] version at www.farmlandinfo.org.
Coleman Natural Foods, headquartered in Golden, Colorado, is the largest all natural meat company in the United States. For more information: www.colemannatural.com. Coleman Natural Foods is wholly-owned by the Vail, Colorado, headquartered Booth Creek Management Corporation.
American Farmland Trust is the nation's leading conservation organization dedicated to protecting farmland, promoting sound farming practices and keeping farmers on the land. Since its founding in 1980 by a group of farmers and citizens concerned about the rapid loss of farmland to development, AFT has helped save millions of acres of farmland from development and led the way for the adoption of conservation practices on millions more.
AFT's national office is located in Washington, DC. Phone: 202-331-7300. For more information, visit www.farmland.org.


text:
Augusta 8′ Non-Slate Pool Table – Mahogany or Walnut Finish by Hathaway Games
- The Augusta 8-ft Billiard table was designed to please even the most discriminating interior designers, showcasing traditional style and superior craftsmanship. The table cabinet is crafted from 1-in thick engineered MDF material covered in a Maple veneer, finger jointed interlocking interior support beams and perimeter anchor blocks to deliver rigid rock-solid table stability. The 4.5″ solid Maple top rails featuring beautifully in layed diamond sights and exclusive turbo-speed tournament tested K-66 profile gum rubber cushions provide active table play. The table is further enhanced by the color blended deluxe shield pockets, intricately detailed ball and claw legs, 1.75″ thick MDF “Slatetronic” play surface and a durable multi-step fine furniture finish.
- Augusta collection
- Includes 16 precision engineered regulation balls, 2 cue sticks, 1 aluminum bridge head, 2 bridge stick and 1 racking triangle rail brush
- Solid maple hardwood top rails with inlaid diamond sites
- Bolt through, high-performance impact-resistant rail anchoring system fuses playfield and rails together as one
- Intricately detailed ball and claw style legs
- MDF Slatetronic play surface engineered for flatness and stability
- Rigid interlocking cross and center support beams; heavy gauge powder-coated steel gussets and European fasteners
- Stylish arched-frame cabinet with decorative routing engineered with 1″ thick MDF covered in a beautiful maple veneer
- Felt included: Yes
- One slate table: Yes
- Manufacturer provides 180 days limited warranty
- Product Details
- Table Size: Standard table (8′ in length)
- Play Surface Material: Wood
- Pool Balls Included: Yes
- Frame Material: Manufactured Wood
- Ball Return System: No
- Dimensions: 100.5″ x 55″ x 32.5″
- Weight: 326 lbs
- Manual/Assembly Instructions.
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domain: design


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Cardiff Council say they've found no traces of horsemeat contamination in two hundred samples they sent for testing at the beginning of February.
Their programme of testing involved schools, care homes and council-run food outlets in the wake of the horsemeat scandal.
More top news
Representatives of the Conservative, Labour, Liberal Democrat, Plaid Cymru, Wales Greens and UKIP parties will debate on April 22.
A petition will be handed in at the Senedd later calling for rules to prevent the use by under 13's in care of social media sites.
Technology projects that promote the Welsh language are to get over £250,000 of funding to help encourage more use of in digital media.


The Fifth China Forum on Civic Virtues was concluded on Sunday with an agreement reached by the participants to promote the anti-earthquake spirit as a major task for developing civic virtues.
To promote and popularize the great spirit showed by the Chinese people in dealing with the catastrophic May 12 Earthquake is a major task for developing civic virtues and will be significant for China to agglomerate nation's strength and overcome difficulties, according to the participants.
The two-day forum, held in this provincial capital of Sichuan Province, ended up with a manifesto demanding the whole people to promote and popularize the great anti-earthquake spirit while studying a speech made by President and General Secretary of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee Hu Jintao at the recent national ceremony to award people for their heroic behaviors in fighting the disaster.
The great anti-earthquake spirit is a very valuable spiritual treasure for the Party and the people and has added a new gem to the spiritual home of the nation, according to the forum.
Over 200 people including some officials from central and local publicity departments and anti-earthquake heroes attended the forum.
On May 12, a 8-magnitude earthquake hit Sichuan and some of its neighboring provinces, leaving over 80,000 deaths, over 370,000 injured, millions of people homeless.
Over 100,000 service people and hundreds of thousands of civilian volunteers participated in earthquake relief over the past months.
(Xinhua News Agency October 20, 2008)


text:
A data area offers numerous benefits for the purpose of the data-driven marketer. One of those benefits is definitely the ability to keep an eye on the improvement of due diligence actions. Data rooms usually consist of comprehensive examine trails and user activity statistics to focus on areas of interest for prospective partners. Due diligence should be executed using the most appropriate technology. To understand more, read the following article. Weigh up your options and choose the data room that will best be practical. It should meet or exceed all the criteria set forth inside the contract.
When selecting a VDR, check that it truly is secure. The safety of papers should be validated by the data room owner. Also, figure out how the VDR users will interact with the files. Group stakeholders based on their role, and check permissions and user privileges regularly. You should also consider using an indoor due diligence procedure to test the VDR. This assists you spot potential reliability risks. Lastly, it will https://dataroom-online.org/ideals allow you to track active research participants.
Economic documents are essential parts of a data room. Included should be virtually any recent audits, tax files, financial opinions from external companies, profit and loss claims, and cash flow predictions. These records will give traders the details that support the figures. Financial documents also can include or so minutes of table meetings and records of major decisions. As a rule, you must include pretty much all relevant documents in a data room to show your research process to investors.

domain: finance


Columbia Men's Bahama II Long Sleeve Shirt
|Price||$81.24||$78.24||$69.13||Call For Pricing||Call For Pricing|
Designed to fit the demands of anglers, this lightweight and customizable nylon shirt dries fast. Mesh-lined cape vents at the back shoulder keep you cool and built-in UV protection protects you from the son. It's a great choice for embroidery.
- 3 oz., 100% Tactel
- Nylon taffeta Back Country Cloth
- UPF 30 sun protection
- Button-down collar
- Roll-up sleeves with tab holders
- Utility loop
There will be an option to decorate your items during checkout.
The following options are available for this item: