text:
Management of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting by risk profile: role of netupitant/palonosetron
Authors Lorusso V
Received 14 January 2016
Accepted for publication 21 March 2016
Published 7 June 2016 Volume 2016:12 Pages 917—925
Checked for plagiarism Yes
Review by Single anonymous peer review
Peer reviewer comments 3
Editor who approved publication: Professor Garry Walsh
National Cancer Research Centre, Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, Bari, Italy
Abstract: As recommended by most recent antiemetic guidelines, the optimal prophylaxis of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) requires the combination of 5-HT3 receptor antagonist (RA) with an NK1-RA. Moreover, the major predictors of acute and delayed CINV include: young age, female sex, platinum- or anthracycline-based chemotherapy, nondrinker status, emesis in the earlier cycles of chemotherapy, and previous history of motion/morning sickness. Despite improved knowledge of the pathophysiology of CINV and advances in the availability of active antiemetics, an inconsistent compliance with their use has been reported, thereby resulting in suboptimal control of CINV in several cases. In this scenario, a new antiemetic drug is now available, which seems to be able to guarantee better prophylaxis of CINV and improvement of adherence to guidelines. In fact, netupitant/palonosetron (NEPA) is a ready-to-use single oral capsule, combining an NK1-RA (netupitant) and a 5-HT3-RA (palonosetron), which is to be taken 1 hour before the administration of chemotherapy, ensuring the coverage from CINV for 5 days. We reviewed the role of NEPA in patients at high risk of CINV receiving highly emetogenic chemotherapy. In these patients, NEPA plus dexamethasone, as compared to standard treatments, achieved superior efficacy in all primary and secondary end points during the acute, delayed, and overall phases, including nausea assessment. Moreover, these results were also achieved in female patients receiving anthracycline plus cyclophosphamide-based chemotherapy. NEPA represents a real step forward in the prophylaxis of CINV.
Keywords: NEPA, netupitant, NK1, CINV, vomiting, risk factors
Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) is the most unpleasant side effect of treatment, and, in particular, nausea is still cited by patients as the one with the highest impact on their quality of life.1
Patients undergoing chemotherapy show three different types of emesis (acute, delayed, and overall), each having particular characteristics.1 In fact, acute emesis, which develops within 24 hours after the administration of chemotherapy, and delayed emesis, which develops 24 hours after chemotherapy and can persist for a number of days, are controlled by different pathways and need different pharmacological approaches.2,3
Modern prophylaxis of CINV includes the administration of a drug that inhibits serotonin (5-HT3 receptor antagonist [RA]), the major neurotransmitter responsible for acute nausea and vomiting in association with a drug that inhibits P-substance (NK1-RA), and the major neurotransmitter responsible for delayed nausea and vomiting.
The Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer/European Society for Medical Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology, and National Comprehensive Cancer Network4–6 recommend, for all patients with cancer receiving highly emetogenic chemotherapy (HEC) and for those at particular high risk receiving moderately emetogenic chemotherapy (MEC), the concomitant administration of an NK1-RA and a 5-HT3-RA in association with dexamethasone.
Prophylaxis of CINV and antiemetic drugs: 5-HT3-RA and NK1-RA
Two classes of antiemetics have helped to improve the control of CINV: 5-HT3-RA in combination with dexamethasone and NK1-RA. Both classes of drugs are available in oral and intravenous formulations and are usually administered together. In addition, a fixed combination in a single capsule has been recently developed (netupitant/palonosetron [NEPA]).7
The aim of this review is to define the role of NEPA in the management of the prophylaxis of CINV by risk profile in patients with cancer.
Serotonin RAs are essential drugs for the prophylaxis of CINV, having a major role in the prevention of the acute phase.10 5-HT3-RAs are classified into two well-defined classes characterized by pharmacological, pharmacodynamic, and clinical features:
- First-generation 5-HT3-RA: ondansetron, dolasetron, granisetron, tropisetron.
- Second-generation 5-HT3-RA: palonosetron.
Palonosetron (Aloxi©) is a 5-HT3-RA that, compared to the first-generation setrons, has a prolonged plasma half-life (40 hours vs 3–9 hours), a strong binding affinity to the receptor (100 times higher), and a specific interaction with it (allosteric cooperative and positive binding vs a simply competitive binding).11 As compared to old “setrons”, the pharmacological and pharmacodynamic features of palonosetron translate into a statistically significant clinical superiority, in the control of CINV for the whole duration of the period at risk (1–5 days), with a single administration on the day of the administration of chemotherapy.12–14
On the other hand, the first-generation 5-HT3-RAs require the administration of one or more doses to control acute emesis on day 1, and repeated administrations for the control of delayed emesis (on the following 2–6 days). The clinical superiority of palonosetron is also associated with an improved safety profile; in particular, unlike other setrons, the prolongation of the corrected QT (name for the measure of time between the start of the Q wave and the end of the T wave on an electrocardiogram) (QTc) interval has never been reported.15–19
The introduction of NK1-RA has enhanced the efficacy of antiemetic prophylaxis above all to control vomiting in both the acute and the delayed phases. P-substance RAs are drugs recommended for the prophylaxis of delayed phase of CINV, which are always in association with 5-HT3-RAs, and they were approved for the prevention of CINV in both HEC and MEC.20,21 Safety profile of NK1-RA is well defined; the most frequent adverse events are fatigue and decrease in appetite.20,21
Aprepitant (Emend®) was the first approved P-substance RA in the NK1-RA class.20 Aprepitant requires three oral administrations: on day 1 before chemotherapy (outpatient regimen) and on days 2 and 3 (at home).20 Aprepitant has been shown to have a moderate inhibitory effect as well as a possible inductive effect on cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4. Due to this interaction, dexamethasone dosage should be decreased in combination with aprepitant: 12 mg instead of 20 mg.20
The intravenous formulation of aprepitant, fosaprepitant (FOS; Ivemend©), is administered in a single dose on day 1, but it requires the administration of multiple doses of dexamethasone on days 2–4.20 Safety profile of both oral and intravenous formulation is similar, except for the risk of infusion site reaction for FOS.22 FOS in combination with anthracycline-based chemotherapy (anthracycline plus cyclophosphamide [AC], FEC, R/CHOP) is associated with a frequent (>30%) and severe incidence of injection site reaction (deep vein thrombosis, phlebitis).23,24
No QTc prolongation, heart rate, or cardiac events have been detected with aprepitant or FOS use.
Rolapitant (ROL; Varubi©) is a highly selective long-acting NK1-RA (half-life 180 hours), and it is orally active. ROL is administered on day 1 only (two capsules of 90 mg each), before the administration of chemotherapy. However, multiple doses of dexamethasone on days 3–4 for HEC and multiple doses of oral 5-HT3-RA on days 2–3 for MEC are administered in the delayed phase.25 Both HEC and MEC pivotal studies have evaluated ROL in association with other antiemetic therapies during the delayed phase of CINV, and in the future studies it could be interesting to evaluate whether the long-acting ROL could spare the use of other antiemetic drugs in the days following chemotherapy.25,26 ROL is metabolized by CYP3A4, but it does not induce or inhibit it avoiding reduction in dexamethasone; however, it may have interaction with drugs metabolized by cytochrome CYP2D6. Due to this interaction, ROL is contraindicated in combination with thioridazine, since the combination may result in QT prolongation and torsade de pointes (a specific form of polymorphic ventricular tachycardia occurring in the context of QT prolongation).26 In addition, the concomitant use of ROL and pimozide requires QT prolongation monitoring.26
The fixed-dose combination of netupitant and palonosetron (Akynzeo©), also known as NEPA, is an association of netupitant (300 mg), a new NK1-RA, and palonosetron (0.50 mg).9 The two active principles act on the different pathways associated with CINV pathogenesis and are administered as a single capsule 1 hour before the chemotherapy cycle.27
Netupitant, the NK1-RA component of NEPA, is a new highly selective antagonist of the P-substance receptor that can saturate NK1 receptors up to 90% and has a long half-life (96 hours) as compared to aprepitant (9–13 hours).9
Palonosetron, the 5-HT3-RA component of NEPA, is able to inhibit cross-talk between 5-HT3 and NK1 receptors, thus inhibiting NK1-mediated response to P-substance stimulation.
The rationale for the combination of the two active principles of NEPA is based on their complementary action on NK1 receptor. The synergic effect on the inhibition of NK1-RA and the similar pharmacokinetics characteristics (long half-life) of NEPA emerged in in vitro studies and have been confirmed in clinical studies.28,29
NEPA, with respect to other single-day NK1-RAs such as FOS (single infusion) or ROL (two capsules on day 1), is a single capsule, is ready to use, and does not require multiple doses of dexamethasone or 5-HT3-RA on days 2–4. In particular, patients receiving HEC treated with FOS or ROL should receive five (FOS) or six (ROL) doses of dexamethasone in the delayed phase instead of the three doses required for NEPA. In particular, in the case of MEC, ROL requires four doses of 5-HT3-RA during the delayed phase, with respect to none required for FOS or NEPA.30
Recently, the American Society of Clinical Oncology guidelines published an expedited update to introduce the key recommendation of NEPA as antiemetic option for patients receiving HEC.31
CINV risk factors
Prognostic factors for CINV have been identified during the past decades.32 Recently, Warr published an exhaustive review on CINV prognostic factors highlighting those with well-established evidence as: type of chemotherapy, young age, female sex, previous nausea or vomiting for different causes (previous chemotherapy, pregnancy, or motion sickness), and alcohol consumption of <1.5 oz/d, and those with a limited or contradictory evidence as: anxiety, expectation, and concomitant use of opioid.33
Actually, antiemetic guidelines recommend the antiemetic prophylaxis regimen according to the type of chemotherapy, except for the combination of anthracycline and doxorubicin AC in patients with breast cancer.31 In fact, patients with breast cancer receiving AC-based chemotherapy are at particular risk of CINV due to the synergistic emetic effect of chemotherapy and patient risk factors, such as young female and no alcohol user.
The assessment of emetogenic potential and individual patient risk factors is essential to creating an emetogenic care plan that meets patient needs. Antiemetic therapy combined with individualized patient education, clear communication, and the management of expectations, positions patients to achieve optimal emetogenic control.34
Type of chemotherapy
Antiemetic prophylaxis guidelines for HEC and AC-based chemotherapy recommend the use of a triple combination of NK1-RA, a 5-HT3-RA, and dexamethasone.
In fact, an European study evaluating >1,000 patients with cancer undergoing chemotherapy and antiemetic prophylaxis demonstrated that adherence to the prophylaxis of emesis, as recommended in guidelines, was very low in these patients and that low adherence was associated with the lack of control of CINV (P=0.008).37
The simplified antiemetic prophylaxis with NEPA, now available, gives the clinicians a therapeutic option ensuring optimal adherence to therapy, a key requirement to obtain the maximum efficacy in the prophylaxis of CINV.32
The single oral administration of a capsule of NEPA is the prerequirement for the maximum adherence to the prophylaxis of CINV in both acute and delayed phases, especially because this administration occurs 1 hour before chemotherapy under medical supervision.32
Efficacy of NEPA in preventing CINV induced by HEC has been evaluated in a formal pivotal study comparing the drug with palonosetron, which is known to be superior to all the first-generation 5-HT3-RAs. In this study, NEPA was statistically superior to palonosetron in preventing emesis and nausea, and in the use of rescue medication during acute, delayed, and overall phases as well.30 Tables 1 and 2 summarize the main results achieved by NEPA.38,39
Table 1 Efficacy of NEPA vs PALO (control) during the first cycle of cisplatin-based HEC (pivotal study NETU-07-07)
Table 2 Efficacy of NEPA vs PALO (control) during the first cycle of anthracycline–cyclophosphamide-based MEC (pivotal study NETU-08-18)
Female sex is a well-known patient risk factor for CINV.34 NEPA in female patients with cancer receiving AC-based chemotherapy was statistically superior in complete response (no vomiting and no use of rescue medication) during the acute, delayed, and overall phases, as compared to palonosetron.
Moreover, NEPA results were also superior to those achieved by aprepitant plus ondansetron, above all in the control of delayed CINV.39,40 Although these data do not come from a randomized study (we are still lacking data from a head-to-head comparison between NEPA and any other NK1-RAs in the setting of AC), it is important to note that in pivotal studies, aprepitant in association with ondansetron was not statistically superior to the 5-HT3-RA in the prophylaxis of delayed CINV in the same setting.40
Based on the clinical evidence from pivotal studies, the European Medicine Agency has deemed it appropriate to clearly state the efficacy in the prophylaxis of CINV in both the acute and delayed phases in the therapeutic indications of NEPA.30–36
In patients with breast cancer, the role of NEPA could be important also because of its cardiac safety profile, since those patients are at high risk to develop cardiomyopathy related to breast cancer treatment (chemotherapy, target therapy, and radiotherapy). The cardiotoxic effect of NEPA was studied in a randomized, placebo-controlled study vs active comparator (moxifloxacin), as requested by the regulatory authorities, the US Food and Drug Administration/European Medicine Agency, based on The International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use E14 guidelines.41 The study included 197 healthy volunteers randomly assigned to four treatment groups (placebo, 200 mg netupitant + 0.5 mg palonosetron [NEPA200/0.5], 600 mg netupitant + 1.5 mg palonosetron [NEPA600/1.5, ie, an over-therapeutic dose], and 400 mg of moxifloxacin).42
This study showed no significant effects of NEPA on QTc prolongation, heart rate, PR interval, QRS, and cardiac morphology as compared to placebo, even with higher than therapeutic doses.42
Previous nausea or vomiting
Patients may have experienced previous vomiting episodes due to different causes: previous chemotherapy, pregnancy, or motion sickness.33 In these cases, it could be helpful for physicians to review with patients those risk factors before starting chemotherapy. Assessing this risk, the physician could implement a more aggressive antiemetic prophylaxis due to a specific predisposition of the patient to nausea and vomiting.33,34
The role of NEPA in this setting could help physicians to guarantee the highest patient compliance when an NK1-RA in combination with 5-HT3-RA is recommended, since the long half-life of the two components, netupitant and palonosetron, allows controlling acute and delayed CINV with a single oral administration on the first day of chemotherapy cycle.43
This results into a simplified dosage schedule as compared to the multiple administrations required by unfixed associations of 5-HT3-RA and NK1-RA agents currently available.43
Age and alcohol user
Younger patients are at increased risk of CINV and above all in the pediatric setting.33
NEPA is not indicated in pediatric patients and a specific role in this setting could not be evaluated.30 For young patients, not pediatric, as also for nondrinker patients, the role of NEPA could be related to the simplicity of its administration in a unique dose.28
The physiopathology of CINV is multifactorial, with a serotonin-mediated acute phase and a P-substance-mediated delayed phase. Consequently, the prophylaxis of CINV requires a multimodal therapeutic approach: a 5-HT3-RA drug for the control of the acute phase associated with an NK1-RA drug for the control of the delayed phase.1–3
The most influential national and international guidelines recommend the use of a triple combination of 5-HT3-RA, NK1-RA, and dexamethasone for the prophylaxis of CINV based on the emetogenicity of chemotherapy: patients receiving HEC or high-risk MEC.4–6
Major predictor factors of acute and delayed CINV were consistent with the published literature and included: young age, female sex, platinum or anthracycline-based chemotherapy, nondrinker status, emesis in the earlier cycles of chemotherapy, and previous history of motion/morning sickness.33 Patient risk factors can increase the emetogenic risk of chemotherapy agents as occurring in patients with breast cancer receiving AC-based chemotherapy.34 Guidelines categorize doxorubicin as an agent of moderate risk; however, the female sex, young age, and nondrinker status reclassified this chemotherapy regimen as high risk, in which a triple combination is recommended.4–6,34 Patient risk factors for CINV are changing the approach of antiemetic guideline recommendations and, probably, in the future, the assessment risk for CINV will be managed with an algorithm, in the same way in which currently we assess the risk of febrile neutropenia.34
In this changing scenario, another issue that physicians should manage is the adherence to antiemetic guideline recommendations. Despite improved knowledge of the pathophysiology of CINV and advances in the range of antiemetics, there was inconsistent compliance with their use.
It is well known that in Europe, adherence to the prophylaxis of emesis, as recommended in the guidelines, is very low, and this significantly correlates with the lack of the control of CINV (P=0.008).37
In this article, we reviewed the most relevant CINV risk factors and we defined the possible role of the new antiemetic drug, NEPA, which is a single oral dose, combining an NK1-RA and 5-HT3-RA, to be taken 1 hour before chemotherapy. NEPA ensures the coverage of the 5 days posttreatment, without any additional 5-HT3-RA or NK1-RA drug to be taken by patients at home for antiemetic prophylaxis.32–34
NEPA has consistently proven statistically more effective than palonosetron alone in obtaining complete response in patients treated with HEC or MEC.
The role of NEPA related to CINV risk factor could be summarized as follows:
- Chemotherapy risk factor: In patients undergoing HEC, the single oral dose of NEPA achieved superior efficacy for all primary and secondary end points during the acute, delayed, and overall phases, including nausea assessment.
- In patients with breast cancer receiving AC-based chemotherapy, a single dose of NEPA + dexamethasone achieved optimal control of CINV for 5 days after the administration of chemotherapy. No antiemetic therapy should be prescribed for these patients. Moreover, the cardiac safety of NEPA (no QT prolongation) is of particular relevance in this setting.
- Overall, the advantage of using NEPA in the prophylaxis of CINV in patients at risk of CINV is its convenience: the ready-to-use single oral administration of a capsule of NEPA 1 hour before chemotherapy is an assurance of correct administration of both classes of active antiemetic agents under medical supervision.
- On the other hand, the use of aprepitant, FOS, or ROL is associated with a higher number of drugs to be administered to patients during the 4 days after chemotherapy (Tables 3 and 4).44–51
Table 3 Number of doses of antiemetic drugs required for the prophylaxis of CINV for patients with cancer receiving HEC
Table 4 Number of doses of antiemetic drugs required for the prophylaxis of CINV in patients receiving MEC
Finally, NEPA is effective and safe in both HEC and MEC and simplifies the therapy by reducing the number of single drug administrations needed, guaranteeing adherence to antiemetic guidelines, and consequently improving the control of CINV. Moreover, providing an effective antiemetic regimen, NEPA, may improve patient adherence to the chemotherapy regimen prescribed and foster completion of treatment.
The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work.
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domain: medical


text:
Want juicy, fall-off-the-bone Pulled Pork?
Time for some comfort Food! Smoking a Boston Pork Butt (Pork Shoulder) is very easy to do, very economical and full of flavor. And the best of all, it's extremely versatile and you can make many different meals with it - perfect for your weekly meal prep. Check out our Pulled Pork Sandwiches below!
Prepare your Grill or Smoker for Low and Slow cooking by adjusting the vents. We are aiming here for a temperature between 225 at the low end for real Low & Slow smoking or up to 350 degrees for a Turbo cook. Don't go higher than that.
Combine the Ingredients to make the Rub and liberally cover your Pork Butt (Pork Shoulder). This seasoning works great on a lot of meats, but is best on pork. You might want to save any extra you have and keep in in the pantry as your go to seasoning. Save at least ¼ seasoning for finishing. Once done with the seasoning tie the Butt together with twine to hold it together (do this especially if the bone was removed prior to cooking as otherwise it might fall apart).
Smoke with apple wood at 225 (or up to 350 as explained above) until internal temperature reaches 165 degrees.
Combine equal parts of the apple juice and apple cider vinegar in a spray bottle, and while cooking spray every hour.
If the bark is set, double wrap in foil and add some apple juice to the foil pack. Or you can let it go unwrapped until it reaches 190-200 internal temperature or until it is fork tender and falls apart.
When the temperature is 190, check for tenderness. If it falls apart, remove from the smoker and put in a cooler with towels for one hour to rest. Sometimes in order for it to get tender you have to wait until the temperature reaches 200 degrees internal. It all depends on the cut of meat and temperature variance of your smoker. After 1 hour, remove from the cooler and pull it apart. It will be really hot so be careful. It is easiest to use forks to pull it apart. Drizzle on some apple cider vinegar and sprinkle on set-aside seasoning to taste.
Assemble the Pulled Pork Sandwich with your favorite sandwich bread, pickles, onion, bbq sauce and hot sauce to your liking.
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domain: food


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For sale is a Geco 26.5mm all steel flare pistol. The Geco is made in Germany and was imported into the US in fairly limited quantities in the early 2000's. Sportsman's Guide and several other retailers sold them inexpensively then. However today they are nearly impossible to find. In my opinion the Geco is the highest quality, strongest and most interesting of all of these type pistols brought to US during the last 20 years. Many feel that the HK is a better pistol however I've owned both and unlike the Geco - the only steel part on the HK is the barrel as the entire frame is plastic.
This Geco is in original UNFIRED condition. Also included in this package is:
26.5 mm to .410/.45 Long Colt adapter that allows 2.5" & 3" .410 shotgun ammo or .45LC ammo to be safely fired.
26.5mm to 12 gauge adapter that allows the less expensive 12 gauge flares to be fired. This adapter cannot be used with regular 12 gauge shotgun shells and must never be attempted as the results would be catastrophic.
Original German flap holster that is weather resistant and has room to store the pistol, cleaning brush, 26.5mm ammo, .410 or.45 ammo & one or both adapters. Holster also has a shoulder carry strap attached.
26.5mm cleaning brush and nylon lanyard strap for pistol
(3) 5 round boxes 2.5" .410 rifled slug ammo. (1) 25 round box of 3" - 00 buck with 5 pellets per shell, & (1) 25 round box 3" #7.5 shot (devastating close range defense load).
(2) 26.5mm white parachute illumination shells, (2) 26.5 mm Red Rain shells & (2) 26.5mm orange smoke shells.
(1) sealed 4 round package of Orion 12 gauge super red flares - expire July 2016
The last Geco I saw on Gunbroker was before Christmas and it sold for over $200 without accessories similar to what the HK's do when they come up for sale. So if you investigate and price everything included in this set - you'll see that my asking price is a bargain.
Price: $325. Also this is a pickup item as shipping live flare shells is a hassle and it's costly. Finally, because this flare pistol becomes a firearm if the .410 adapter is inserted you must be at least 21 to purchase.
***All listings, sales and transfers are subject to the laws of the United States and the home states of the Buyers and Sellers and compliance therewith is the sole responsibility of the transacting parties.***


text:
kittens. 'Oslo is already a star in my neighbourhood and has many fans. 'So I decided to give it a try for Oslo and now he's gained more than a 1,200 followers in a month. They really need to find a forever home as soon as possible, as their foster mom cannot keep them much longer. We are in great need of your help! In one hilarious video, Oslo appears to be sulking over the Titanic movie, while in another picture he appears to be moaning about the cold. When they were small and cute, there were many other kittens looking for homes as well. Now, they are about 8 months old, fixed, current on shots, and about out of options. 'I love his worried eyes. 'We can't do anything at home without him permanently attached. Message us if you are interested. However, despite his dour expression, Miss Oz revealed the cat is in fact happy and playful. His owner, Zeynep Oz, 31, from Brooklyn, said: 'He is a very sensitive cat. 'It's funny because sometimes I feel sorry for him, I wonder if he has a problem or deep thoughts he cannot tell. 'Just like all kittens, Oslo is very energetic and playful. Sometimes it seems impossible to keep him still. Miss Oz said: 'As soon as the vet saw Oslo, he suggested we create an Instagram account to share his adorably sad face'. Oslo, the kitten, has attracted a legion of fans because of his permanently sad looking face. Tommy and Isabelle have been going to adoption hours every weekend for 6 months, and no one has ever given them a chance. She added: 'Oslo loves people. Miss Oz said: 'As soon as the vet saw Oslo, he suggested we create an Instagram account to share his adorably sad face. Because of his looks Oslo's vet suggested his owner create an Instagram account for the kitten. Oslo's owner, Zeynep Oz, 31, from Brooklyn said: 'He constantly looks sad and disappointed'.
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domain: pet


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The Nigerian Law School has released the results of the August 2019 Bar finals examination.
According to the information gathered by TNL, a total of five thousand, six hundred and eighty-nine, (5,689) students sat for the Bar finals in which 894 students failed to make it through.
The summary of the results shows that 147 students bagged the first-class degree making it a total of 2.58%, while 741 bagged the second class upper degree making up 13.03%.
On the other hand, 2,246 students got the second class lower degree (39.485), 1,291 with the pass grade (22,695), and 319 students with conditional pass (5.61%).
The result also shows that 41 students were absent while 10 results were withheld. With the summary, it is clear that about 85% of the students who sat for the exam passed that bar final.
Recall that the Council of Legal Education had earlier reviewed the grading system of the Nigerian Law School.
The 2019 results by fact have recorded the highest number of first-class ever.
TheNigerialawyer (TNL) therefore congratulates the soon-to-be-called wigs, as they warm themselves up as prospective gentlemen of the bar.
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domain: law


text:
|9 Months Ended|
Sep. 30, 2016
For convenience in this report, the terms "Company," "our," "us" or "we" may be used to refer to Huntsman Corporation and, unless the context otherwise requires, its subsidiaries and predecessors. In this report, "Huntsman International" refers to Huntsman International LLC (our wholly-owned subsidiary) and, unless the context otherwise requires, its subsidiaries.
In this report, we may use, without definition, the common names of competitors or other industry participants. We may also use the common names or abbreviations for certain chemicals or products.
INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Our unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements and Huntsman International's unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements were prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP" or "U.S. GAAP") and in management's opinion reflect all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair presentation of results of operations, comprehensive income, financial position and cash flows for the periods presented. Results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of those to be expected for the full year. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes to consolidated financial statements included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 for our Company and Huntsman International.
DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS
We are a global manufacturer of differentiated organic chemical products and of inorganic chemical products. Our products comprise a broad range of chemicals and formulations, which we market globally to a diversified group of consumer and industrial customers. Our products are used in a wide range of applications, including those in the adhesives, aerospace, automotive, construction products, personal care and hygiene, durable and non-durable consumer products, digital inks, electronics, medical, packaging, paints and coatings, power generation, refining, synthetic fiber, textile chemicals and dyes industries. We are a leading global producer in many of our key product lines, including MDI, amines, surfactants, maleic anhydride, epoxy-based polymer formulations, textile chemicals, dyes, titanium dioxide and color pigments.
We operate in five segments: Polyurethanes, Performance Products, Advanced Materials, Textile Effects, and Pigments and Additives. Our Polyurethanes, Performance Products, Advanced Materials and Textile Effects segments produce differentiated organic chemical products and our Pigments and Additives segment produces inorganic chemical products. In a series of transactions beginning in 2006, we sold or shutdown substantially all of our Australian styrenics operations and our North American polymers and base chemicals operations. We report the results of these businesses as discontinued operations.
Our Company, a Delaware corporation, was formed in 2004 to hold the Huntsman businesses. Jon M. Huntsman founded the predecessor to our Company in 1970 as a small packaging company. Since then, we have grown through a series of acquisitions and now own a global portfolio of businesses.
Currently, we operate all of our businesses through Huntsman International, our wholly-owned subsidiary. Huntsman International is a Delaware limited liability company and was formed in 1999.
HUNTSMAN CORPORATION AND HUNTSMAN INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Except where otherwise indicated, these notes relate to the condensed consolidated financial statements for both our Company and Huntsman International. The differences between our financial statements and Huntsman International's financial statements relate primarily to the following:
PRINCIPLES OF CONSOLIDATION
Our condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of our wholly-owned and majority-owned subsidiaries and any variable interest entities for which we are the primary beneficiary. Intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.
Separation of our Pigments and Additives and Textile Effects Businesses
In connection with our previously announced plans to separate our Pigments and Additives and Textile Effects businesses through a U.S. tax-free spin-off to our stockholders, on October 28, 2016, Huntsman Spin Corporation ("SpinCo") filed an initial registration statement on Form 10 with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"). Subject to market conditions, we expect the spin-off to be completed in the first half of 2017.
Sale of European Surfactants Manufacturing Facilities
On August 3, 2016, we announced that Innospec Inc. ("Innospec") had committed to purchase our European surfactants business for an enterprise value of $225 million pursuant to the terms of an Exclusivity and Put Option Agreement under which we could, by notice to Innospec, exercise an option to enter into an agreed form Share and Asset Purchase Agreement (the "SAPA") with Innospec. We have provided that notice and as of October 25, 2016, we and Innospec have each signed the SAPA and an amendment thereto. Under the terms of the transaction, Innospec will acquire our manufacturing facilities located in Saint-Mihiel, France; Castiglione delle Stiviere, Italy; and Barcelona, Spain. The $225 million enterprise value includes our related trade receivables and payables, which we will retain. The purchase price will be subject to additional working capital and other adjustments. Closing is expected to occur by the end of the fourth quarter of 2016 and is subject to customary conditions. We expect to use the net proceeds from the sale to repay debt. The assets and liabilities of this business are included in our Performance Products segment and are classified as held for sale on the accompanying balance sheets.
Upon consummating the planned transaction, we will enter into supply and long-term tolling arrangements with Innospec in order to continue marketing certain core products strategic to our global agrochemicals, lubes and certain other businesses.
USE OF ESTIMATES
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
The entire disclosure for the organization, consolidation and basis of presentation of financial statements disclosure, and significant accounting policies of the reporting entity. May be provided in more than one note to the financial statements, as long as users are provided with an understanding of (1) the significant judgments and assumptions made by an enterprise in determining whether it must consolidate a VIE and/or disclose information about its involvement with a VIE, (2) the nature of restrictions on a consolidated VIE's assets reported by an enterprise in its statement of financial position, including the carrying amounts of such assets, (3) the nature of, and changes in, the risks associated with an enterprise's involvement with the VIE, and (4) how an enterprise's involvement with the VIE affects the enterprise's financial position, financial performance, and cash flows. Describes procedure if disclosures are provided in more than one note to the financial statements.
Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef

domain: finance


text:
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My place is close to the Ritz-Carlton golf course. Enjoy a private side apartment with a pool, stunning views, nearby hiking, parks, shopping, and restaurants. Close to freeway access, 30 minutes away from the UofA, 30 minutes away from the airport. We welcome guests of all races, faiths, genders, and sexual orientations.
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Entire guest suite · Tucson
Desert Solitaire - Rustic Mexican Style Home
"This place truly is a desert retreat." Tucked into a plush acre of native desert, off of a quiet, car-ok, improved dirt road, 20 minutes from the charming city of Tucson, this Mexican styling, rustic retreat is the perfect place for couples and small families to enter the gateway to the Sonoran Desert’s Saguaro National Park, the Desert Museum, Ironwood National Monument and Tucson Mountain Park. Out your back door is hiking, cycling, mountain biking, birding, botanizing.... tranquility.
$40 per night
Entire guesthouse · Tucson
Groovy Glamper In The Sonoran Desert
Groovy glamper is a vintage aluminium camper that has been deposited in the middle of the desert in an 11 acres sculpture park adjacent to the Saguaro National Park. Enjoy the quietness of the desert in a safe environment surrounded by art located at just 35 minutes from downtown Tucson.
$68 per night

domain: geography


text:
Kabza De Small is the king of Amapiano and the King of Mzansi music. He has reigned supreme for a while now. He continues to claim his throne after being announced as the year’s most-streamed artist on Spotify. Shout out to him.
Kabelo Motha proves that Amapiano has continued to dominate the airwaves despite good efforts by several other genres to challenge it. As listed on Zalebs, Kabza “appears in five out of seven top music streaming lists in South Africa this year, leading the charge as the most streamed South African artist.”
Kabza is also one of only two SA artists to feature in the top ten most streamed artists overall in South Africa. He is second only to Drake. His album “KOA II Part 1” was crowned the most streamed South African album in 2022.

domain: artistic


For riders looking to compete in World Superbike competition, the 2016 Ducati Panigale R is an impressive choice of mount. Using the WSBK-legal 1198cc Superquadro motor that puts out a startling 205 horsepower in street-legal trim, the Panigale R is truly a race bike in light disguise.In addition to the potent powerplant, the Panigale R has top-shelf Öhlins suspension, Pirelli Diablo Supercorsa SP rubber, a curb weight just north of 400 pounds (dry, it’s just 357 pounds), a full titanium Akrapović exhaust system that features carbon fiber end caps, carbon fiber galore, and an astounding array of electronic wizardry.
This week, Senior Editor Nic de Sena rides the all new Ducati Monster. Big changes have been made by Ducati–has the company ruined the considerable heritage of the iconic Monster–or are the changes worth it? In the second part of the show, we chat with Nick Ienatsch, Founder and Head Instructor at the Yamaha Champions Riding School. He says: “We aim to change your riding life by introducing you to Champions Habits: The techniques, approaches, skills, and the mindsets of the best riders in the world. These Champions Habits are the foundation of safety and consistency to whatever speed you ride, in any venue on any bike. Street riders, this is just as much for you as track riders. The best way to make safe riders is to make good riders.“ We hope you enjoy this episode!


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For a festive night out, you can't go wrong with this traditional yet contemporary take on 'Snow White'.
It’s nearly Christmas, and that means it’s panto-season for nearly all UK theatres – and Southampton’s Mayflower Theatre is no different.
This December sees ‘Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs’ take to the stage, boasting the celebrity cast of Ashley Banjo & Diversity as Prince Ashley and the Palace Guards, and comedic TV legend Christopher Biggins as the fabulous Man in the Mirror.
Although almost ‘Snow White’ only in name-only, with much of the show featuring on the comedic side-plots of the hilarious Muddles (Kev Orkian) to the extent that they’re really the main focus, it’s certainly a magical evening for all.
If you’re not a traditional fan of pantomime this may well be the one for you, with Ashley Banjo & Diversity bringing a contemporary and electrifying element to the traditional fairy-tale narrative. Their frequent dance numbers often made a welcome change from the wall-to-wall jokes, setting them well apart from the usual caliber of dated pantomime “celebrities”.
Orkian felt like more of a host at times than a panto actor, frequently interacting with the audience in awkward but hilarious situations. A particular highlight was his and Diversity’s take on panto favourite song “Jobs” (also known as “If I Were Not…”), with the dance group displaying an impressive sense of slapstick humour.
Impressive physical visuals wowed as Muddles flew above the Circle crowds in Santa’s sleigh, complete with moving reindeer. Similarly, Queen Dragonella (Rachel Stanley) put genuine fear in some of the younger theatre goers as a surprisingly “realistic” looking fire-breathing dragon emerged from the back of the stage.
Musically, the show consisted of a mix of songs from Disney’s classic 1937 animated take on the story, Christmas classics, and a bizarrely enjoyable take on Steps’ 2017 hit ‘Scared of the Dark’. While overshadowed by Orkian’s immense stage presence, newcomer Kirsty Ingram shone in the title role here, with her powerful vocals stunning the audience.
Christopher Biggins was riotously funny in his Man in the Mirror role, with the panto hero providing a dynamic back-and-fourth with the Dragonella. However, upon leaving the theatre, there was a prevailing sense that neither were used to their full capabilities. Biggins remained stationary in the mirror for much of the show, only appearing for a few minutes at the time, while the focus on Muddles and Diversity’s Royal Guards meant that the the wicked Queen didn’t really feel that “wicked”.
While, of course, the panto audience is primarily there for the off-the-edge humour, a better balance between that and actual plot would be preferred. That being said, for a great, festive night out, you can never go wrong with a Mayflower pantomime – and this one is no exception.
‘Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs’ is running at the Mayflower Theatre, Southampton until December 31st. Tickets can be purchased here.


text:
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domain: library


text:
Oakman Inns Further Strengthens its Senior Team as Steve Kenee joins as Chief Investment Officer
The Board of Oakman Inns & Restaurants, the fast-expanding pub group, is delighted to announce the appointment of prominent industry figure, Steven Kenee as Chief Investment Officer. He is currently a partner of Downing LLP which manages over £1 billion of UK company investment. Steve spearheaded over £156m of investments, predominantly into the pub industry, and will be joining Oakman full-time in September 2019.
Peter Borg-Neal, the CEO and Founder of Oakman Inns, commented:
“Myself, Dermot King and all the Board are fiercely ambitious and are committed to the further growth of our business. Our pace of growth and the difficult external environment have meant that we have had to fund the business in an innovative but sometimes complex fashion.
“We now have a turnover of over £40m and several more sites in the pipeline. Steve will focus on improving both the efficiency of our funding as well as raising our future growth capital. We have worked closely with Steve over the past five years and have been continually impressed by his strategic ability, innovative thinking and grasp of detail. We are delighted that he has agreed to join our team and believe that he will add huge value to our future.”
Steve Kenee, commented:
“Over the past 11 years at Downing I have been fortunate to work with many truly excellent and inspirational businesses, but, in Oakman, I could not have picked a better firm to join. During our professional relationship over the last few years, Oakman has earned my utmost personal and professional respect for their culture, values and people, which combined, make the company great. I am delighted to be joining the team and can’t wait to help it on the next phase of its already impressive journey.”
The appointment of Steve Kenee follows that of Dermot King, Chief Operating Officer, in January of this year as Oakman Inns prepares their strategic plans for dynamic growth.

domain: economics


text:
The United Nations said on Monday it is concerned about the huge funding gap for the Afghanistan Humanitarian Funding Plan (HRP) for 2023, which comes at a time when aid needs are at an all-time high in the country.
In a reported issued by the UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA), the agency said by the end of the first quarter of this year, $249 million was reported to be confirmed for humanitarian funding for 2023, but that this was nearly one-third of the amount received by the same time in 2022.
“This remains a concern as humanitarian needs in Afghanistan are at an all-time high, the country is feeling the blow of the third consecutive year of drought-like conditions and the second year of crippling economic decline, while still reeling from the effects of 40 years of conflict and recurrent natural disasters,” OCHA said.
The report, prepared for donors to support them in their funding decisions, highlighted OCHA’s concerns with under-funding ahead of spring in Afghanistan.
“Spring comes with key risks of floods and rise in communicable diseases – such as acute watery diarrhea (AWD), cholera, measles and other waterborne diseases – in a context where Afghans are already facing record-level food insecurity, malnutrition, water scarcity and drought-like conditions.”
The report also outlines the most time-sensitive underfunded gaps in the response drawing from expected countrywide scenarios for the first half of 2023.
OCHA stated the total immediate funding requirements to address critical gaps for the coming three months is $717.4 million. “This is all part of an overall funding gap of $4.38 billion across the humanitarian response for 2023.”
The report also pointed out that the Taliban’s restriction of female NGO staff is a concern for all humanitarian agencies operating in Afghanistan. “All humanitarian activities are affected,” the report stated.
OCHA stated that between January and February this year, humanitarian partners reached at least 10.3 million people with food and livelihoods support; 2.5 million people with access to health care (consultations and treatment); more than 880,000 children and pregnant and lactating women with support to prevent and address acute malnutrition; 1 million people with water, sanitation and hygiene assistance; 480,000 children with access to education and education materials; 166,000 people with emergency shelter and household items; and 80,000 people with protection assistance – despite funding constraints and access challenges.
Humanitarians were not able to reach people with the full package of intended assistance due to underfunding and late disbursements. So far, five percent of the required funding has been received in 2023 against the $4.62 billion required.

domain: news


text:
A refugee walked into a bus thinking he is walking on clouds, and wanted to do something without permission. He actually hit the bus driver, and he chose the wrong person the pick a fight with. Not counting to three, the driver came on him strong.
As the report from Angry Patriot Movement says, after getting numerous hits to the face and body, the illegal citizen was kicked right out of the bus. This is exactly what was needed – more people standing up to protect our country, and also waking up these individuals thinking they are above the laws and above all of the members of our community.


Top 10 Inspiron 137537 Dell Laptop Screen
We spent many hours on research to finding inspiron 13-7537 dell laptop screen, reading product features, product specifications for this guide. For those of you who wish to the best inspiron 13-7537 dell laptop screen, you should not miss this article. inspiron 13-7537 dell laptop screen coming in a variety of types but also different price range. The following is the top 10 inspiron 13-7537 dell laptop screen by our suggestions
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45W 65W AC Charger for Dell Inspiron 15-5000 15-3000 13-7000 15-7000 17-5000 17-7000 11-3000 13-5000 14-3000 14-5000 Series 5559 5558 5755 5758 5378 Laptop 19.5V 2.31A 3.34A Power Supply Adapter Cord
- Output Max – 19.5V 3.34A 65W (compatible with 19.5V 2.31A 45W) / Input Volt Range: 100-240V/ Connector: 4.5*3.0mm. BEWARE: Most Dell Inspiron 3000, 5000 and 7000 series laptop use the 4.5×3.0mm connector, however some Inspiron 3000, 5000 and 7000 series laptop require a 7.4×5.0mm connector,Dell charging connectors look similar but are different sizes we provide a Converter Cable,if not sure this charger will compatible with your laptop,please feel free to contact us.
- Compatibility – Dell Inspiron 11 3000 Series:3147 3152 3153 3157 3162 3168,Dell Inspiron 13 7000 Series:7348 7347 7352 7378 7353 7359 7368,Dell Inspiron 14 3000 series:3452 3451 3458,Dell Inspiron 13 5000 series:5378 5368,Dell Inspiron 15 3000 series:3552 3558 3568 3559 3551 3555 3567 3565,Dell Inspiron 15 5000 series:5558 5555 5559 5567 5551 5552 5565 5568 5578,Dell Inspiron 15 7000 series:7568 7558 7569 7579,Dell Inspiron 17 5000 series:5758 5755 5759 5767,Dell XPS 13 9343 9333 9350 9360
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- Package includes – 1 * power adapter, 1 * ul listed power cord,1* 4.5mm*3.0mm to 7.4mm.*5.0mm Converter Cable, which can use for the 7.4*5.0mm connector laptops,
- Guarantee – Within 30 days of purchase, we offer a no-questions-asked full money back guarantee . Additionally, we offer new free replacement for defective product within two years.
Dell Inspiron 13 5000 Series 2-in-1 5379 13.3" Full HD Touch Screen Laptop – 8th Gen Intel Core i7-8550U up to 4.0 GHz, 8GB Memory, 256GB SSD, Intel UHD Graphics 620, Windows 10, Gray
- 8th Generation Intel Core i7-8550U Processor (8MB Cache, up to 4.0 GHz)
- 8GB DDR4 2400MHz Memory, 256GB SATA 2.5 Inch Solid State Drive
- 13.3-inch 1920 x 1080 (Full HD) Touchscreen LED Display, Infrared Camera
- Intel UHD Graphics 620, Backlit Keyboard – English, No Optical Drive
- Windows 10 Home (64-bit), Operating System Recovery Media Not Included
Designed for the real world — because that’s where life happens.
Flip into action: With an innovative 360-degree hinge, the versatile and lightweight Inspiron 5000 series 2-in-1 allows you to switch easily between four different modes. Tent mode
is perfect for using recipes in real time, stand mode for movies on the airplane, laptop mode for typing your novel or emailing work, and tablet mode makes reading while you’re
reclined easier than ever.
Features Galore: A backlit keyboard makes it nicer to work in dim environments and the infrared camera works with Windows Hello to log you in with quick and secure facial
Ready for the road: The 13.3″ is our most popular 2-in-1 size. It’s easy to slip into your bag and provides ample screen room to use for hours without eye fatigue.
Maximize screen space: The 5000 Series’ new design emphasizes more screen and less bezel, so your attention’s drawn to that brilliant wide-angle display.
Designed to impress: The dark gray exterior finish is matched with a smooth, matte black inside, offering an attractive, professional appearance that looks great for any occasion.
Turn up the heat: From locker rooms to locked cars, we test Inspiron laptops for survival in harsh short-term heat conditions of up to 65°C/149°F.
Everything hinges on it: We test Inspiron laptop hinges to ensure they still feel tight, even after opening and closing the lid 20,000 times.
Always a good fit: You’ll probably never need to remove and reinstall your Inspiron’s battery 30 times, but you can rest easy knowing that we’ve tested even that.
Dell Latitude E7470 14in Laptop, Core i5-6300U 2.4GHz, 8GB Ram, 256GB SSD, Windows 10 Pro 64bit (Renewed)
- PORTABLE POWERHOUSE – Dell Latitude E7470 combines high-performance technology, like its Intel Dual-Core i5-6300U and 8GB SDRAM DDR, with long-lasting battery life.A10 Fusion chip with embedded M10 motion coprocessor
- SMOOTH VISUALS – With the 14.1-inch diagonal LED-backlit HD 16:9 anti-glare (1366 x 768) screen and integrated Intel HD Graphics 4400 graphics, video conferencing and streaming both come through crystal clear.
- EXPERIENCE GREAT PERFORMANCE – With a 256GB SSD and the powerful Windows 10 Pro, the Dell Latitude E7470 has all the room and power you need to install and run your favorite apps and games.
- KISS DONGLES GOODBYE – With 3 USB 3.0 ports, ExpressCard-54 slot, SD card reader, and a VGA port, you will be hooked up to whatever devices or accessories you need.
- LEAVE YOUR DESK BEHIND – Work from anywhere with integrated 10-100 BASE-T Ethernet LAN and WiFi capabilities.
The sleekly designed and lightweight Dell Latitude E7470 can handle all your needs, whether business or personal. With a quick Intel Core i5 processor, a long-lasting battery, 8GB of RAM, and a solid-state drive, the E7470 can perform everyday tasks with ease and handle the more rigorous demands of a mutli-tasking and multiple open apps.This is the rare business laptop that combines style with capability.
New ! Dell Inspiron i3583 15.6" HD Touch-Screen Laptop – Intel i3-8145U – 8GB DDR4-128GB SSD – Windows 10 – Wireless-AC – Bluetooth – SD Card Reader – HDMI & USB 3.1 -Waves MaxxAudio Pro- Black
- Intel i3-8145U, dual-core, four-way
- 8GB ddr4 system memory
- 128GB Solid State Drive (PCI-e)
- 15. 6″ touch screen, 1366 x 768 HD resolution, LED backlight
- Intel UHD Graphics 620
- Weighs 4. 41 lbs. and measures 0. 8″ thin
- 3-cell lithium-ion battery
- HDMI output
- Built-in media reader supports SD memory card formats
- Built-in HD webcam with microphone
- Windows 10 Home in S Mode
- 30-days trial of Microsoft Office
- Headphone/microphone combo jack
- Note: This laptop does not include a built-in DVD/CD drive.
Intel 8th Generation Core i3-8145U, dual-core, four-way; 8GB ddr4 system memory; 128GB Solid State Drive (PCI-e); 15. 6″ touch screen, 1366 x 768 HD resolution, LED backlight; Intel UHD Graphics 620; MaxxAudio; Stereo speakers; Weighs 4. 41 lbs. and measures 0. 8″ thin; Power adapter; 3-cell lithium-ion battery. Built-in media reader supports SD memory card formats; Wireless-AC; Ethernet 10/100; Built-in HD webcam with microphone; No Optical Drive; Numeric Keypad; 30-days trial of Microsoft Office and McAfee LiveSafe (30 days trial); Windows 10 Home in S Mode; Headphone/microphone combo jack; 1 USB 2. 0, 2 USB 3. 0 Type A Ports; HDMI; Note: This laptop does not include a built-in DVD/CD drive
Dell Inspiron 15 Intel Core i3-7130U 8GB 1TB HDD 15.6" HD LED Windows 10 Laptop
- POWER: Powerful Intel i3 processor
- 8 GB RAM memory enables speed and ease of use
- STORAGE/TRANSFER: Store your files using the 1 TB SATA hard disk drive and transfer them with media card reader
- DISPLAY: 15.6″ HD display with 1366 x 768 resolution and Intel graphics
- ACCESSORIES: Keyboard with numeric keypad / Waves MaxxAudio with stereo speakers / 2 USB 3.1, 1 USB 2.0 and 1 HDMI port
- ADVANCED: 802.11b/g/n Wi-Fi and Bluetooth 4.0 wireless capabilities / Windows 10 Home operating system
What you need. For all you do. 15-inch laptop for all your basic computing needs, featuring True Life displays and long battery life.
Visuals appear every bit as lifelike as the world around you. Experience richer, more vibrant color and details enabled by Dell Color Profiles.
SmartByte Wireless channels maximum bandwidth to your videos or music for a seamless, stutter-free experience.
Waves MaxxAudio Pro boosts volume and clarifies every tone, so you experience studio-quality sound.
Awesome Audio Clarity
The superior sound of Waves MaxxAudio delivers impressive audio quality for the best music and video experience.
Transfer Photos and Videos
The SD media card reader makes it easy to transfer files straight from your camera to your laptop.
Connect in HD
Get in touch long-distance, record yourself for YouTube or web conference clearly with the HD webcam.
The HD, TrueLife display delivers a clear, bright image that’s easy on the eyes.
Get the added flexibility and storage of a built-in DVD drive.
The beautiful TrueLife display delivers and immersive, vibrant experience.
2019 Newest Dell Inspiron 15 5000 15.6" Full HD FHD Touchscreen (1920×1080) Business Laptop (Intel Quad-Core i7-8550U, 16GB DDR4 RAM, 512GB SSD) HDMI, Backlit Keyboard, UHD 620, Windows 10
- 8th Generation Intel Core i7-8550U Quad-Core Processor (8MB Cache, 1. 8GHz Up To 4. 0 GHz), 16GB DDR4 RAM, 512GB SSD
- 15. 6-Inch FHD (1920 x 1080) Touchscreen LED-Backlit Display, Intel UHD Graphics 620
- 2 x USB 3. 1, 1 x USB 2. 0, 1 x HDMI, 1 x Combo Headphone / Microphone Jack, 1 x RJ-45
- Ethernet, 802. 11ac, Bluetooth 4. 2, Stereo Speakers with MaxxAudio Pro Audio Processing
- Card Reader, Windows 10 Home, 4. 85 Lbs, 3-cell 42 WHr Battery, Silver
Tec Specs: 1. 8th Gen Intel quad Core i7-8550U Processor2. 16GB system memory for full-power multitasking3. 512GB SSD for a blend of storage space and speedMemory: 16GB DDR4 MemoryHard Drive: 512GB SSDOperating System: Windows 10 HomeDisplay: 15. 6-Inch FHD (1920 x 1080) Touchscreen LED-Backlit DisplayTouchscreen: YESProcessor: 8th Generation Intel Core i7-8550U Quad-Core Processor (8MB Cache, 1. 8GHz Up To 4. 0 GHz); 2 x USB 3. 1, 1 x USB 2. 0, 1 x HDMI, 1 x Combo Headphone / Microphone Jack, 1 x RJ-45Video: Intel UHD Graphics 620Audio: Stereo Speakers with MaxxAudio Pro Audio ProcessingMultimedia Card Slot: Card ReaderWireless Connectivity: 802. 11ac + Bluetooth 4. 2Ethernet: YesBuilt-In HD Webcam With Microphone: YESBattery: 42WHr Battery, 3-CellDimensions(inches): 0. 80″ H x 14. 96″ W x 10. 15″ DWeight: 4. 85 Lbs
Dell Inspiron 15.6-inch HD Display Laptop PC, Intel Core i3-7130U 2.7GHz Processor, 8GB DDR4, 128GB SSD, Stereo Speakers, WiFi, Bluetooth, MaxxAudio, HDMI, No DVD, Intel HD Graphics 620, Windows 10
- 15.6’’ HD (1366×768) Truelife LED-Backlit Display, Intel Dual Core i3-7130u 2.7GHz Processor
- 8GB DDR4 SDRAM, 128GB Solid State Drive, No Optical Drive
- Intel HD 620 Graphics, Stereo speakers + MaxxAudio, Built-in SD media Reader, HD webcam
- 802.11bgn WiFi, Bluetooth 4.1, 2 x USB 3.0, 1 x USB 2.0, 1x HDMI, 1x Headphone output/Microphone input combo
- Windows 10 Home 64-Bit, Color: Black
2019_Dell Inspiron 15.6" HD High Performance Laptop, Intel Celeron Processor,4GB DDR4 RAM, 500GB Hard Drive, Wireless+Bluetooth,HDMI,DVD R/W, Windows 10
- Intel Celeron Processor N4000 (4M Cache, up to 2.6 GHz)
- 4GB, DDR4, 2400MHz,500GB 5400 rpm Hard Drive, Intel UHD Graphics 605
- LCD 15.6″ – TL HDF, Non-TCH Windows 10 Home 64-bit English
- 802.11ac Bluetooth 4.1, Dual Band 2.4, Tray load DVD Drive (Reads and Writes to DVD/CD)
- Ports & Slots:1. SD Card Reader (SD, SDHC, SDXC) | 2. Headset Jack | 3. USB 2.0 | 4. Kensington Lock | 5. Power In | 6. HDMI 1.4a | 7. 2 x USB 3.1 Gen 1
Dynamite processing power: Intel Coreprocessors deliver longer battery life, incredible responsiveness and smooth, seamless multitasking.
Speed for everything: With 4GB of memory
Operating systemWith Windows 10 Home – get the best combination of Windows features you know and new improvements you’ll love.
Optical DriveTray load DVD Drive (Reads and Writes to DVD/CD
Video CardIntel UHD Graphics 605
4-Cell 40 Whr Battery,45 Watt AC Adaptor
Dell Inspiron 15.6 Inch HD Touchscreen Flagship High Performance Laptop PC | Intel Core i5-7200U | 8GB Ram | 256GB SSD | Bluetooth | WiFi | Windows 10 (Black)
- Powered by 7th Gen Intel Core i5-7200U mobile Processor smart dual-core processing performance for HD-quality computing. 15.6″ Led backlit touchscreen with True-life HD. Lets you enjoy your favorite movies, shows and games in stunning 1366 x 768 resolution.
- 8GB of DDR4 memory is available to run games, programs and more. 256GB SSD for fast start-up while still has plenty of storage space for your documents and programs.
- Integrated Intel HD Graphics 620 for outstanding gaming and streaming video.Hdmi? Port lets you view videos, photos and games right on your HDTV or larger screen
- Integrated Bluetooth 4.0 technology. Permits short-range wireless data transfers at up to 30′ With other Bluetooth-enabled devices, including speakers, printers and phones. Windows 10 Home 64 Bit, Battery: 4-cell lithium-ion, 0.9″ Thin, 5.07 lbs Weight, color: black
- Laptop is no DVD Optical Drive.
Key features and benefits:&NBSP; powerful Intel Core i5 processor perfect for connecting.0, USB2.0, HDMI operating system: Windows 10 Home 64Bitdisplay:&NBSP; 15.6 inch HD LED-backlit touchscreen (1366 x 768), finger multi-touch support touchscreen:&NBSP; yes screen resolution:&NBSP; 1366 x 768Processor:&NBSP; Intel Core i5-7200U dual-core 2.50 GHz processor memory:&NBSP; 8GB DDR4 SD RAM 2133 MHz hard drive:&NBSP; 256GB solid state Drive ports:&NBSP; 2 x USB 3.0, 1 x USB 2.0, 1 x HDMI, 1 x headphone output/Microphone input Combo, LAN (10/100)Video:&NBSP; Intel HD Graphics 620media drive: 3-in-1 card reader (SD/SDHC/sdxc)optical drive: not included wireless connectivity:&NBSP; 802.11 b/g/n and Bluetooth built-in HD Webcam with Microphone:&NBSP; yes Battery:&NBSP; 3-cell lithium-ionbluetooth:&NBSP; yesweight(pounds):&NBSP; 5.2 pounds Color:&NBSP; black
Dell Inspiron 15 Intel Core i3-7130U 8GB 1TB HDD 15.6" HD LED Win 10 Laptop
- Intel Core i3-7130U Processor 2.7GHz /8GB DDR4 SDRAM Memory / 1TB 5400RPM SATA Hard Drive
- 15.6″ HD 1366×768 Anti-Glare Display / Intel Integrated HD 620 Graphics
- Keyboard with numeric keypad / 802.11ac Wireless / Bluetooth 4.1 / Webcam with integrated microphone
- Headphone/microphone combo jack / Multi-format SD media card reader
- 2 x USB 3.1, 1 x USB 2.0, HDMI / 10/100 Ethernet LAN Port / 4-Cell Li-ion Battery / Black Finish / Windows 10 Home
Dependable, this Dell Inspiron 15 Intel Core i3-7130U 8GB 1TB HDD 15.6″ HD LED Win 10 Laptop has it all. That includes a 1TB hard drive with loads of room for valuable documents and pictures as well as an Intel Core i3 processor and 8GB RAM that team up to speed through papers, presentations, and internet browsing. The ever-reliable Windows 10 operating system and a large 15.6″ display add to this laptop’s many highlights.
- Processor: Intel Core i3-7130U Processor 2.7GHz
- Memory: 8 GB DDR4 SDRAM Memory
- Hard drive: 1TB 5400RPM SATA Hard Drive
- Display: 15.6″ HD 1366×768 Anti-Glare Display
- Video card: Intel Integrated HD 620 Graphics
- 802.11ac Wireless and Bluetooth 4.1
- 10/100 Ethernet LAN Port
- HD Audio with dual speakers
- Keyboard with numeric keypad
- 3-in-1 Digital Media Reader
- Headphone/microphone combo jack
- Multi-format SD media card reader
- Camera: Webcam with integrated microphone
- 4-Cell Li-ion Battery
- 2 x USB 3.1, 1 x USB 2.0, HDMI
- Operating system: Windows 10 Home
- Finish: Black
- 1 Year Limited Dell Factory Warranty
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It’s not just freaking out journalists (some of whom should really know better than to anthropomorphize and hype up a dumb chatbot’s ability to have feelings.) The startup has also gotten a lot of heat from conservatives in the US who claim its chatbot ChatGPT has a “woke” bias.
All this outrage is finally having an impact. Bing’s trippy content is generated by AI language technology called ChatGPT developed by startup OpenAI, and last Friday, OpenAI issued a blog post aimed at clarifying how its chatbots should behave. It also released its guidelines on how ChatGPT should respond when prompted with things about US “culture wars.” The rules include not affiliating with political parties or judging one group as good or bad, for example.
I spoke to Sandhini Agarwal and Lama Ahmad, two AI policy researchers at OpenAI, about how the company is making ChatGPT safer and less nuts. The company refused to comment on its relationship with Microsoft, but they still had some interesting insights. Here’s what they had to say:
How to get better answers: In AI language model research, one of the biggest open questions is how to stop the models “hallucinating,” a polite term for making stuff up. ChatGPT has been used by millions of people for months, but we haven’t seen the kind of falsehoods and hallucinations that Bing has been generating.
That’s because OpenAI has used a technique in ChatGPT called reinforcement learning from human feedback, which improves the model’s answers based on feedback from users. The technique works by asking people to pick between a range of different outputs before ranking them in terms of various different criteria, like factualness and truthfulness. Some experts believe Microsoft might have skipped or rushed this stage to launch Bing, although the company is yet to confirm or deny that claim.
But that method is not perfect, according to Agarwal. People might have been presented with options that were all false, then picked the option that was the least false, she says. In an effort to make ChatGPT more reliable, the company has been focusing on cleaning up its dataset and removing examples where the model has had a preference for things that are false.
Jailbreaking ChatGPT: Since ChatGPT’s release, people have been trying to “jailbreak” it, which means finding workarounds to prompt the model to break its own rules and generate racist or conspiratory stuff. This work has not gone unnoticed at OpenAI HQ. Agarwal says OpenAI has gone through its entire database and selected the prompts that have led to unwanted content in order to improve the model and stop it from repeating these generations.
OpenAI wants to listen: The company has said it will start gathering more feedback from the public to shape its models. OpenAI is exploring using surveys or setting up citizens assemblies to discuss what content should be completely banned, says Lama Ahmad. “In the context of art, for example, nudity may not be something that’s considered vulgar, but how do you think about that in the context of ChatGPT in the classroom,” she says.


Ford PowerShift transmissions on the line – Click above for high-res image gallery
The new Ford Fiesta will be the first product vehicle from any of the Detroit automakers to have a dual clutch transmission, and production is starting today. The Ford PowerShift gearboxes are being built at the Getrag Americas joint venture factory in Irapuato, Mexico. At launch the plant is employing 200 people, a number that will double later this year when the plant also starts building the same transmissions for the 2012 Focus.
A dual clutch transmission can almost be thought of as two traditional manual transmissions, each with its own clutch operating in parallel and alternating shifts. The Ford unit is a six-speed with one clutch acting on gears 1, 3 and 5 and the other used for 2, 4 and 6. As first gear is engaged, the 2-4-6 clutch is disengaged and the second gear cogs are engaged. At the appropriate time, the 1-3-5 clutch is disengaged the other is engaged. While in second gear, the other side moves from first to third. The process is repeated with quick smooth shifts and none of the of the efficiency loss normally associated with torque converters.
The Ford gearbox also uses dry clutches, which are more efficient than the wet clutches previously used in some earlier Volkswagen DSG gearboxes.
The 1.6-liter Fiesta with PowerShift transmission is expected to get an EPA highway rating of at least 40 miles per gallon. The new Focus will use a 2.0-liter direct-injected four-cylinder engine with the PowerShift transmission and may also approach 40 mpg, something Ford is surely hoping for in light of the just announced 2011 Chevrolet Cruze Eco and its unofficial highway mpg of 40 mpg or more.
POWERSHIFT TRANSMISSION PRODUCTION BEGINS, DRIVING FORD SMALL CAR FUEL ECONOMY LEADERSHIP
- Production of new PowerShift dual-clutch automatic transmission for new 2011 Ford Fiesta begins today, helping Ford deliver on its plan for offering fuel-saving six-speed transmissions across its product portfolio
- Fiesta with PowerShift joins the 2011 Mustang Coupe V-6 as the second recent Ford vehicle to offer better fuel economy with an automatic transmission than a manual
- PowerShift characteristics are particularly well-suited to smaller car applications, making the transmission a perfect fit for Fiesta and the upcoming Ford Focus
- Advanced technology with energy-saving electromechanical actuation system minimizes friction helping PowerShift deliver an expected class-leading fuel economy
DEARBORN, Mich., March 29, 2010 – Helping deliver on Ford Motor Company's commitment to class-leading fuel economy and exceptional driving quality, production is launching today of the PowerShift dual-clutch automatic transmission for the 2011 Ford Fiesta.
The new dual-clutch automatic – the first six-speed transmission in the segment – will help the stylish Fiesta to deliver an expected best-in-class fuel economy rating of at least 40 mpg on the highway with the convenience of fully automatic shifting.
The PowerShift automatic is produced for Ford by GETRAG Americas, a joint venture between the GETRAG Group and GETRAG FORD Transmissions. The transmission is built at a new facility in Irapuato, Mexico. The assembly plant was designed and constructed specifically for Ford transmission needs in North America and will also supply PowerShift units for the new Ford Focus. When Focus transmission production begins later this year, the plant will have 400 workers, double the amount that it has now. Next-generation Focus production begins later this year at Ford's Michigan Assembly Plant in Wayne, Mich.
"We believe this new automatic transmission for the Fiesta will be the most advanced in the segment, offering far better performance than our competitors," said Piero Aversa, team leader for PowerShift development. "It's an advanced gearbox that reduces complexity, saves weight, increases responsiveness and performance – all while helping keep the engine in its peak efficiency mode – resulting in class-leading fuel economy."
Ford eliminating automatic transmission tradeoffs
The Fiesta is the second new Ford vehicle to deliver better fuel economy using an automatic transmission rather than a manual. The new six-speed automatic in the 2011 Mustang Coupe betters the highway fuel economy of the standard six-speed manual by 2 mpg.
Traditionally, manual transmissions have delivered higher fuel economy. But Ford's latest automatic transmission advancements have reversed the decades-old scenario, using advanced technology to provide customers with exceptional efficiency and the convenience of an automatic transmission.
With an array of new automatic transmission technologies, Ford is out to challenge the status quo by delivering segment-leading fuel economy without compromise to convenience, and accessibility to a much broader segment of the driving public. Fewer drivers possess stick-shift skills, as manual transmission market acceptance continues to drop, falling 22 percent over the last decade.
"Ford's advanced new six-speed automatic transmissions will really surprise our customers, and our competitors," said Barb Samardzich, vice president of Powertrain Development. "They provide the convenience of traditional automatics with fuel economy leadership, as well as responsive performance and driving dynamics that make these cars fun to drive. And we're adding six-speed transmissions to our most accessible vehicles, not just our luxury offerings and high-performance models."
Ford is committed to six-speed transmissions, with availability across 85 percent of its nameplates for 2010. By 2013, these fuel-saving, performance-enhancing six-speed transmissions will be offered in 100 percent of Ford vehicles.
The dual dry-clutch PowerShift automatic transmission is based on efficient manual transmission technology, eliminating the additional weight and complexity of a torque converter, planetary gears and the fluid pumps employed in traditional automatics. Electronically controlled, twin internal clutches shift gears quickly and smoothly, providing a seamless flow of torque with the refinement and ease customers expect from a premium automatic transmission.
On sale this summer, the Ford Fiesta with PowerShift, in combination with an advanced 1.6-liter I-4 engine, is expected to deliver fuel efficiency of at least 40 mpg on the highway. Fiesta will be the only vehicle in the segment to offer the efficiency and the fun of a sophisticated six-speed automatic transmission.
Coming to market early in 2011, the new Ford Focus will combine an innovative, direct-injection 2.0-liter four-cylinder engine with PowerShift to deliver better overall performance and projected fuel economy gains of up to 10 percent over the current Focus 2.0-liter powertrain.
"A dual dry-clutch transmission provides some real dividends on small car applications," said Aversa. "PowerShift with dry-clutch facings and new energy-saving electromechanical actuation for clutches and gear shifts saves weight, improves efficiency, increases smoothness, adds durability and is sealed with low-friction gear lubricant for the life of the vehicle. This transmission requires no regular maintenance."


Newspaper Headlines in 1975…..
Major Explosion Rocks SouthSlope of the City of North Vancouver…hundreds flee and are evacuated from their Homes.
Explosion heard three miles away. Concrete weighing over l00 lbs. rains down on residential housing district just meters away from grain elevator. Hot embers as far away as Ridgeway Annex School.
Yes, this did happen when one of the grain terminals in the City of North Vancouver blew up in l975. How often do you hear fire trucks on the low level road? Wonder Why? There have been many fires since 1975 but this is not for public knowledge.
What people don’t understand is that most organic substances become highly explosive when dried and dispensed on an air suspension system, hence, wheat and dust are highly explosive and dangerous.
It’s a fact that there have been 129 grain elevator explosions
in the last ten years and over 503 in Canada and the U.S.A. since 1976.
These resulted in the injury of 677 people and nearly 200 fatalities.
It is also a fact that the risks of an explosion in a grain elevator cannot ever be entirely eliminated.
Coal dust can cause similar problems and has to be sprayed with water to inhibit combustion.
After the fire and grain dust explosion in l975, the City of North Vancouver introduced a new zoning category, known as M2…General Industrial Zone.
This was done to prevent the residential area in between Cargill and Richardson’s from getting another half mile of grain silos along the waterfront and to give the neighbourhood some form of protection in the event of another disaster happening. It was also done to control and indicate to the Port of Metro Vancouver that an Eastward expansion of Richardson’s grain elevator was not wanted by the City of North Vancouver, as it would be too close to a residential neighbourhood. It appears that this special ruling can be over-ruled by the Port of Metro Vancouver.
If PMV approves Richardson’s new silo expansion, they would be breaking an existing City memorandum, between the Port and the City.
Richardson have stated emphatically that no other options, other than building eastward, are on the table…despite the fact that there are other options.
Their preferred option to build eastward dramatically increases the chances of a major firestorm in the event of another multi explosion.The other option to build on the south west side would be safer, although some land reclamation would need to be done. However if you look at picture 2 below, it is obvious that between 1977 and now that a great deal of land reclamation has been carried out (see right side of picture 2 part way up) and there is now a large parking lot in that open area.
Also Richardson’s are neglecting the fact that the new 28 silos, which are 50 meters (150 feet) high and 600 feet long will only be a stone’s throw from a residential neighbourhood.
It is interesting to note that Richardson stunned the City Council by introducing their plans to build these 28 silos, along 600 feet of waterfront, in August 2012. This is an item that obviously had been in preparation for some period of time, however, during the two years of talks on the Low Level Road, nothing was ever mentioned to the public or City, until the Low Level Road project was approved.
Councillor Rod Clark voted against the Low Level Road and said he did so because the Council were being besieged by misinformation, disinformation, lack of transparency and a complete lack of community consultation. He said “it’s not acceptable”. Councillor Pam Bookham backed him up, but they were outvoted.
Now, we have another undisclosed surprise that has come up after the low level road was approved and that is that the B.C. Hydro plans to place a line of 69Kv Hydro poles down St. David’s Street to Richardson’s terminal.
All of the above have occurred as a result of subterfuge, trickery and deception, and since the approval of the low level road by the City.
The bottom line is that the City of North Vancouver should never have allowed the grain elevators to have been built years ago.
These two Grain Elevators are potentially the most dangerous in North America, inasmuch as they are presently located only 400 feet from a major residential area.
To the people on the North Shore it is time to act. Do you want to risk the life’s of yourselves, your children and grandchildren to the possibility of another towering inferno? Nobody wants this ugly monstrosity and if the government are going to shove it down out throats then the City must hold Port Metro Vancouver Richardson’s and Cargill fully responsible for a binding surety covenant protecting the people of the south slope of the North Shore.
Finally it is not possible that double the grain, double the coal, double the trains, double the ships will decrease the noise, pollution, coal dust, train shunting and allow us to be safe and stay healthy in this type of environment.
Again it is time to act.


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Importance of Healthy Eating
In life, it becomes hard to find similarities especially with the health status though there are emerging trends which can raise alarms and depends with the food substances ingested which influences the health statuses. The food substances which are available are quite different and they operate in diverse ways and therefore result in the different reactions in the system. The non-healthy food materials are composed of the various chunks, which are ready made and ready to be consumed in their states through manufacturing. Teachings and educational lessons are always available for people to practice the right ways of living and especially the type of the substances eaten. It has thus motivated many to focus on the healthy eating habits and avoid the many chunks which can ruin the body state and the health in general.
With healthy eating habits, it has been very much possible for people to achieve a lot in life and their health status. The day to day operation of the body organs becomes possible when the healthy food substances are taken and us best to go as per them. Healthy eating facilitates growth and development of the body organs and tissues. With proper eating, it becomes possible to stay healthy the whole time and have healthy body organs and tissues which can make the body stay firm.
Aside from that, healthy eating enables a person to have all the required nutrients in the body which strengthens immunity and help in fighting of the many illnesses. With the best healthy eating habits, it becomes very much possible for one to have the strongest immunity ever and fight off any disease on the way which can weaken the body. The ability to conduct the many days to day activities and be strong enough to withstand them all is through the healthy eating habits. There are many activities which have to be done on a daily basis to make the body strong enough and can only be possible with healthy foods.
The ability for one to stay stress-free and work appropriately is enhanced by the healthy eating by including all the nutrients. The happiness in life is enhanced by staying healthy and depending on the healthy foods which is essential. To add on that, one is able to attain the best sleeping habits and sleep peacefully without having any difficulties since the healthy eating works well in the body. For the best sleeping habits to be attained, it is essential and is mandatory for the body organs and tissues to be in good states and is through healthy eating.