Another taboo in the Ukraine war has been broken. After the French president Emmanuel Macron announced on 4 January that France would send AMX-10 RC armoured fighting vehicles to Ukraine, the US and Germany quickly followed up with their own announcement. On 5 January, the US president Joe Biden and the German chancellor Olaf Scholz revealed they would send M2 Bradley and Marder infantry fighting vehicles (IFVs), respectively.
The vehicles aren’t tanks, exactly. The French AMX-10s have lighter weaponry and armour than battle tanks. Described by some as light tanks, they are more mobile than their heavier cousins, designed for reconnaissance rather than firefights. The American and German IFVs, meanwhile, are designed to carry troops and provide direct-fire support to infantry.
The decision to deliver the armoured vehicles seems to have been planned for months. But reporting over the weekend indicates that it was Macron’s unilateral announcement that finally bounced Germany into taking a similar step, allowing the Scholz government to stick to a commitment not to be the first to send a new category of offensive weapons to Kyiv. (Jeremy has written numerous pieces on the political and cultural ideas underpinning Germany’s “ambiguous response” to the war, such as here and here.)
The decisions to deliver heavier vehicles to Ukraine represent a shift in the West’s support to Kyiv, which has been asking for such weapons for months – until now, unsuccessfully. Vehicles delivered to Ukraine since the beginning of the war have mostly been artillery and light armoured vehicles. Deliveries of heavier vehicles had long been rejected, particularly by Germany, as an escalatory step. Now that that taboo has been broken, it may be only a matter of time until the next one is too: the delivery of battle tanks.
Ukraine has made many requests for Western battle tanks, particularly the German Leopard 2. But even though countries such as Poland and Finland have indicated their willingness to transfer some of their Leopard tanks to Ukraine, Berlin – which holds the export licence for the vehicles – remains reluctant to approve their delivery to Kyiv.
The Leopard 2 is considered one of the world’s most advanced tanks. If sent to Ukraine, it would provide Kyiv’s forces with a further technological edge over the Russian army. Leopard 2s “easily outmatch Russian tanks” such as the Soviet-era T-72, which both sides are largely reliant on, wrote David Axe in Forbes last week. Ukraine has also been asking for American Abrams tanks. The dual announcements from France and Germany/US set a precedent that makes it a little more likely Ukraine will eventually receive Western tanks, as both it and Russia gear up for further offensives in the spring.
This article first appeared in the World Review newsletter. It comes out every Monday; subscribe here.
[See also: Ukraine’s problematic nationalist heroes]


Contact us - The Citizen can be reached at +27 (0)11 248-6000
Find us - At 9 Wright Street, Industria West, Johannesburg, South Africa
EMail us at - firstname.lastname@example.org or email@example.com
The Citizen is a compact tabloid daily newspaper reaching the heart of the Southern African powerhouse – Gauteng.
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The compact daily business section is produced by the award winning Moneyweb team, which is headed by Alec Hogg.
The Citizen is also the newspaper of choice for retail and wholesale outlets and is regarded as the best publication in terms of response to investment in the marketplace.
The Citizen offers strong, easy to read news content which suits the busy lifestyles of our readers. The Opinion pages are arguably the most vibrant debate forum in any national newspaper, and cover the full spectrum of political opinion.
It is truly a remarkable and distinctly South African daily newspaper.
The Citizen – In-depth news coverage from a dedicated team of journalists, photographers and support staff who all work to tight daily deadlines to bring our 443 000 daily readers the best news, opinion, competitions and more.
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International Day of the World's Indigenous Peoples
Remarks by Mr. Wu Hongbo, Under-Secretary-General for Economic and Social Affairs and Coordinator of the Second International Decade of the World's Indigneous People
9 August 2012, New York
Ladies and Gentlemen,
Welcome to this special celebration of the 2012 International Day of the World’s Indigenous People.
This is the first International Day that I have the honour to celebrate in my capacity as Under-Secretary General for Economic and Social Affairs. And, as Coordinator of the Second International Decade of the World’s Indigenous Peoples.
Let me take this opportunity to assure you that as the secretariat on indigenous issues, the Department of Economic and Social Affairs and I personally will continue to make renewed efforts to support the world’s indigenous peoples.
Many advances have been achieved in the implementation of the goals and objectives of the Plan of Action for the Second Decade. Most recently, at the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development (Rio+20), Member States undertook to enhance the welfare of indigenous peoples and their communities, recognizing and supporting their identity, culture and interests. Member States further pledged to respect indigenous peoples’ cultural heritage, practices and traditional knowledge, preserving and respecting non-market approaches that contribute to the eradication of poverty.
However, we still have a long way to go to meet the full realization of the wishes of the indigenous communities and the goals and objectives of the Plan of Action for the Second Decade.
These same goals and objectives – and the principles they aspire to – should be turned into real commitments and concrete actions by Governments on the ground, as well as by the UN system at large.
And, this should be done in genuine partnership with indigenous peoples.
The theme of this year’s International Day celebrates indigenous peoples’ forms of expression – of identity, cultural diversity and heritage – through media.
Today also marks the fifth anniversary of the adoption of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples.
The UN Declaration affirms the right of indigenous peoples to [I quote] “establish their own media in their own languages, and to have access to all forms of non-indigenous media without discrimination”. [End Quote].
The Declaration also calls on States to ensure that cultural diversity is adequately reflected in media. With this in mind, it is critical that mainstream media open space for indigenous peoples to share their views and perspectives.
Indigenous media preserve traditional knowledge and practices, educate communities, sustain cultural activities and ward off the extinction of indigenous languages. Indigenous media produced in indigenous languages are expressions of indigenous peoples’ right to self-determination. Such media are essential for the survival of indigenous culture. This is critical as cultures are inextricably linked to the dignity, spirituality and well-being of indigenous peoples.
There are many examples that show how indigenous media are a valuable resource. Media can also play an enabling role in supporting indigenous peoples’ development. Social media, the internet and “citizen journalism” have decentralized traditional media, thus giving voice to many. This brings new opportunities for indigenous peoples to safeguard their interests. New voices, especially those of indigenous youth, report on their culture, challenges, concerns, and celebrations of daily life.
Ladies and Gentlemen,
The work of indigenous media and journalists are both encouraged and supported by the UN Declaration and the Second Decade. Going forward, let us focus on how media – indigenous and non-indigenous – may help realize indigenous peoples’ rights as enshrined in the UN Declaration.
Let us, together, advance the human rights and welfare of indigenous peoples, through media and through protecting and enhancing the power of indigenous voices.


We have received a press release and a copy of the proposal for Waterford Michigan from O.D.O.G.S, Oakland County Dog Ownership Group and Specialists.
The proposal can be found here, Purpose Amendment to Chapter 3 Article III Sec-1.
Residents your support is needed. There is opposition to repealing the ban so continue to reach out to your local representatives and ask them to support this proposition and, along with it, repealing the ban. Spread the word to your local friends and family. Make your voices heard.
Local Groups Educates the Community about Breed Specific Discrimination and ask The Waterford Township Board of Trustees for Change
The next Waterford Twp. Board of Trustees Meeting is Monday, February 11, 2013 at 6pm
WATERFORD, Mich. – February 5, 2013 – Oakland County Dog Ownership Group and Specialists (O.D.O.G.S.) is asking the Waterford Township Board of Trustees to modify the current Breed Discrimination Legislation and replace it with Responsible Pet Ownership Law. The purpose of the modification is to protect the community from all dangerous dogs, no matter what breed they are.
“Breed bans don’t make a lot of sense because half of the dogs in the U.S. are mixed. Research shows that even trained shelter workers are wrong 87.5% of the time when identifying breed,” said Melissa Szumlinski, certified dog trainer and Co-Founder/Director of Operations for Dog Aide
Mary Dunham- High started O.D.O.G.S. in 2011 after her family pet, Keane, was labeled a pit bull and Waterford Township demanded a DNA test. A lot of heartache, time off work and $170 later they received the results that Keane was in fact a “lab mix”.
“Our family was overjoyed when we got the news that Keane was not mixed with pit bull because in Waterford Township if your dog is 1% or more pit bull you cannot keep your pet in the community,” Mary said. “The way the current breed discrimination legislation is written does not protect the community from dangerous dogs, it simply bans a breed.”
A community survey was launched on Facebook and comments included:
“Residents and their pets would be safer with responsible pet ownership law because every dog is then being evaluated as an individual, instead of what it looks like, which is irrelevant to behavior and temperament.”
“If the board of trustees modified the current law the township would send a clear message of inclusiveness to all responsible pet owners that Waterford is a great, progressive, place to live.”
All people that live and/or work in Waterford Township are encouraged to attend a Question and Answer Forum on Thursday, February 7, 2013 at 6:30 p.m. at the Waterford Library, 5168 Civic Center Dr., Waterford Township, MI 48329.
The next Waterford Township Board of Trustees meeting is Monday, February 11, 2013 at 6 p.m. at 5200 Civic Center Dr., Waterford Township, MI 48329.
Melissa Szumlinski email@example.com
Mary Dunham- High firstname.lastname@example.org
Alicia Long email@example.com


text:
Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2017, ‘Einarr Skúlason, Fragments 16’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 166.
The new edition is either unpublished or unavailable. The following is taken from an old edition (Skj where relevant):
Kaldr þvær marr und mildum
mart dœgr viðu svarta,
grefr élsnúin, jǫfri,
almsorg Manar þjalma.
Text is based on reconstruction from the base text and variant apparatus and may contain alternative spellings and other normalisations not visible in the manuscript text. Transcriptions may not have been checked and should not be cited.
kalldr þvǽr maʀr vnd milldvm mart dǽgr viðv svarta grefr ælsnv́in | iǫfri álmsorg manar þiálma .
Use the buttons at the top of the page to navigate between stanzas in a poem.
The text and translation are given here, with buttons to toggle whether the text is shown in the verse order or prose word order. Clicking on indiviudal words gives dictionary links, variant readings, kennings and notes, where relevant.
This is the text of the edition in a similar format to how the edition appears in the printed volumes.
This view is also used for chapters and other text segments. Not all the headings shown are relevant to such sections.

domain: literature


text:
Texas Christian University
Texas Christian University’s student-led campaign VITALS – an acronym that stands for Vomiting, Incoherence, Temperature, Absence of Color, Low breathing and Seizure – is an offshoot of the PROOF campaign presented as TCU’s team at the 2009 American Advertising Federation’s National Student Advertising Competition.
A benchmark survey conducted prior to the campaign’s implementation on campus revealed that almost one-third of TCU’s undergraduate students reported that “they or their friends have experienced alcohol poisoning”, however, “their knowledge of the signs of alcohol poisoning that should prompt a call for medical help” is limited.
Based on the bystander intervention model, the VITALS campaign seeks to increase knowledge on alcohol poisoning symptoms among students and empower them to intervene when their friends and peers are in need of help. It will kick-off on campus this September and will conclude in April 2012.
In the News
March 16, 2012: TCU Kicks Off Spring Break With VITALS

domain: news


text:
- President of Ukraine Petro Poroshenko signed a Decree on 11 February 2015 "On the Tribute to the Feat of the Participants of the Revolution of Dignity and the Commemoration of the Heavenly Hundred Heroes".
- Heavenly Hundred is a collective name given to the civil protesters who participated and bore the ideas of Euromaidan in Ukraine (the Revolution of Dignity) in December 2013 - February 2014.
- At the end of February 2014, protest rallies in the center of Kyiv ended with nearly one hundred activists being shot to death.
- On February 20, 2014, the Russian Federation violated Ukraine’s sovereignty, international laws and global security by invading its neighbour with unmarked masked “green men” with high tech weaponry.
- Dr. Olha Bohomolets, one of the attending physicians to 12 fatal gunshot victims at Ukraine Hotel, said that the victims were shot with high-precision rifles and powerful ammunition that broke their bones.
- Euromaidan was a wave of demonstrations and civil unrest in Ukraine, which began on the night of 21 November 2013 with public protests in Maidan Nezalezhnosti ("Independence Square") in Kiev, demanding closer European integration, calls for the resignation of President Viktor Yanukovych and his government and these protests led to the 2014 Ukrainian revolution.
- The first deaths occurred on Unity Day, 22 January 2014, during riots on Hrushevskoho Street in Kiev, where 3 Euromaidan activists were shot dead.
- 20 February 2014 was the bloodiest day of the clashes with at least 21 anti-government protesters being killed. with the final death toll reaching to 103 protesters and 13 police.
- On February 23, 2014, in Poltava former monument of Lenin, which was taken down couple of days prior on February 21, its pedestal was converted into "monument of the Maidan Heroes".
- On April 13, 2014, in hamlet Buda, Chyhyryn Raion (vicinity of historical Cold Ravine) was installed a monument to "the Heavenly Hundred".
- On May 6, 2014, in Dubno was consecrated a commemorative landmark to "the Heavenly Hundred".
- On September 21, 2015, outside of Chicago in Bloomingdale, Illinois was opened a monument commemorating the people perished during the Euromaidan.

domain: history


text:
From the Scottish Government today but not the kind of thing BBC Reporting Scotland Down agenda welcomes:
A programme which has given cancer patients improved access to treatments is being extended.
Patients and health professionals reported significant improvements in access to cancer medicines thanks to the initiative, which was set up during the height of the Covid-19 pandemic.
The National Cancer Medicines Advisory Group (NCMAG) initiative meant clinicians were able to make quicker decisions about patient medication and also that some treatments could be taken at home rather than having to visit hospital. The number of hospital visits were estimated to be halved, reducing the risk of infection to patients and the burden on cancer services.
An evaluation of the programme, which was supported by Healthcare Improvement Scotland, revealed high levels of positivity from patients while clinicians suggested hospital visits for patients were halved.
For more on this see: https://scottishgov-newsroom.prgloo.com/news/innovative-cancer-programme-extended
Another unreported cancer story:

domain: medical


text:
Israel on Wednesday said it will boost natural gas production from its offshore Tamar field and increase exports to Egypt, which is contending with rising demand and falling output.
Exports to Egypt will be increased by an additional 38.7 billion cubic meters (bcm) of natural gas over 11 years, the ministry said, and production from Tamar will grow by 60%, or 6 bcm annually, from 2026.
"This step will increase the state's revenue and strengthen diplomatic ties between Israel and Egypt," Israel's Energy Minister Israel Katz said.
In 2022, energy companies in Israel produced 21.29 bcm of natural gas, with 9.21 bcm of it exported to Egypt and Jordan.
Egypt, which is facing growing demand for gas from its population of 105 million, has seen its production decline between January and May by 9% year-on-year and 12% when compared to the same period in 2021. The country has grappled with power shortages as heatwaves have driven up demand for cooling.
Katz said that he approved the new exports to Egypt after ensuring that supplies for Israel's domestic use were guaranteed. One-third of the additional natural gas produced from Tamar will be sold locally, his ministry said.
Huge gas deposits were discovered in the past 15 years off Israel's Mediterranean coast, but the government, in order to ensure the local market has enough in the future, set limits on how much can be sold abroad.
The issue has been hotly debated for years and was reignited in recent weeks after Israel's budget director warned that the country risked exporting too much, endangering energy security.
Israeli public advocacy groups have warned that Israel could suffer gas shortages as domestic demand rises and have raised the prospect of environmental damage from heightened offshore activity.
Egypt has been seeking a regional supply role, selling its own gas and re-exporting Israeli gas as liquefied natural gas (LNG) to the Middle East, Africa and Europe.
(Reuters - Reporting by Maayan Lubell and Ari Rabinovitch; Additional reporting by Sarah El Safty; Editing by David Goodman and Emelia Sithole-Matarise)


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text:
Before working with Hang, I was struggling with extreme level of stress, anxiety and overwhelming feelings that it I was starting to lose grip of my life. I’ve been trying to hold it together on my own but I need help. I don’t consider therapist because I heard they don’t work. I need help with my high level of tress. I need help learning to accept my mother in law who is the pain in the a–. I need help accepting myself. My stress level is going off the roof. It effects my relationship with my husband, my business and my kids. I don’t feel that I am the best wife, mom I could be. And because of this stress, i started smoking again which i tried to quit many times.
I seek Hang’s help for my stress but I got way more than that. First of all, I haven’t smoke for months. I am better at accepting myself and my feelings. I don’t let my mother in law bothers me like she used too. My relationship with my husband improved. We actually talk and I start to express my feelings more. I become a better listener to him as well. My relationship with my kids also improved. I don’t flip out as often as I used to. My feel comfortable having the tools to manage my stress and my emotion. I am also become more productive at work instead feeling buried by overwhelming feelings. I am definitely better at accepting myself and people around me. I feel that I am in control of my life again. I am grateful that things are on the flow and i am part of that. I am becoming a lot more aware of myself and people around me. I don’t judge myself against other people as much as I used too, or believe that I have to behave a certain way in order to be ‘appropriate’. I have become a more loving being towards myself and people around me. I understand now that I was trying to control the world around me in order to manage the stressors in my life. Instead I now control myself and understand that my emotions are natural, and I can control them. It is nice to be at peace rather than being at stress.
If I didn’t work with Hang, I would have killed my lung from smoking as my way of coping my stress. I will definitely have fall outs with my mother in law. Which will affect my relationship with my husband. Which will affect my kids. My family will fall apart. When that happen, our business will go south. But, my recognition that everything doesn’t have to be ‘picture perfect’ as we think life should be has released me from that burden. I will continue to manage and accept myself as a whole being.

domain: health


text:
Antonio Garcia talks about his recent book on the South African campaign against German South West Africa in 1914/5 (published by Helion).
William Franklin talks about the First World War career of Archibald Wavell.
Mike Hally, PhD candidate at the University of Edinburgh, discusses his research into veterans’ response to Peace Day that was held on 19 July 1919.
Marietta Crichton Stuart talks about Percy Shuttlewood, who served in her grandfather’s battalion during the Great War and she describes as the ‘Welsh Walter Mitty’.
Dr Brian Hall, Programme Leader at the University of Salford, talks about his book on communications and operations on the Western Front during the Great War (published by CUP).
Prof Catriona Pennell, from the University of Exeter, talks about her book on the popular responses to the outbreak of the Great War in 1914 (published by OUP).
Wenlan Peng, from the Meridian Society (www.themeridiansociety.org.uk), talks about the Chinese Labour Corps on the Western Front during the Great War.
Dr Chris Kempshall, Teaching Fellow in European History at the University of Sussex, talks about his book on the relationships between soldiers in the British, French and American armies on the Western Front during the Great War. This is the subject of his first book published by Palgrave Macmillan.
Dr William Butler, Outreach Officer and Associate Lecturer at the University of Kent, talks about the post-war mutinies in the British Army. This lecture was given as part of the Antrim and Down WFA branch’s spring conference on the Consequences of War held on the 9 May 2019.
The diary of Gerald Achilles Burgoyne is a fascinating perspective of a pre-war regular officer serving in the early months of the Great War. He served as a company commander in the 2nd Battalion, Royal Irish Rifles, and his diary covers his service with the unit around Ypres from November 1914 to May 1915. He […]


As recently reported on ThinkProgress.com, the number of sexual assault survivors in the military coming forward in the past few years has increased dramatically. Survivors feeling empowered to come forward is a HUGE positive. Obviously, we never want sexual assault to take place. When the crime does happen, we want every survivor to know his or her options and to feel safe coming forward.
The number of official reports of sexual assault among members of the U.S. military jumped by 50 percent this year, according to preliminary data obtained by the Associated Press. Officials emphasize that doesn’t necessarily mean the incidences of sexual assault increased; rather, they believe the data signals that more victims are now reporting the crime.
I’ve spoken on installations around the world where our military leadership makes it clear that eliminating sexual assault in their ranks is a TOP PRIORITY MISSION everyone is tasked with. Is much more change still needed? Yes and that is why the DoD (Department of Defense) is constantly working on ways to create even more effective educational efforts and campaigns.
Compare our military efforts to how many K12 school systems and universities fail to acknowledge the need to appropriately educate their students on sexual assault and respectful sexual intimacy. When I see schools and institutions reporting almost nonexistent numbers of sexual assault cases in their community, that is when I become concerned for the community. Acting like sexual assault doesn’t happen only helps it happen more often!
Over the past decade of working side-by-side with the US Military professionals, I have and continue to see how determined our military leaders are at working to find the best ways possible to reduce sexual assault throughout their ranks (and in their homes).
The latest numbers showing more survivors coming forward is evidence that education is having a profound and positive impact!


The Lagos Waste Management Authority (LAWMA) has conducted a comprehensive clean-up exercise at Itedo Community, Lekki Local Council Development Area, in partnership with Lekki Peninsula Environment Community, Crusader Sterling Pensions and Itedo Community Development Association, promising to clamp down on filthy communities and residents.
The clean-up exercise is in continuation of LAWMA’s efforts to clear black spots across communities in the state.
Commenting on the exercise, the Managing Director/CEO of LAWMA, Dr. Muyiwa Gbadegeshin, condemned the unhygienic habits of some residents, who indulge in reckless waste disposal in unauthorised locations, promising to wield the big stick on such erring individuals and areas, adding that the agency would stop at nothing, to achieve a clean and sustainable Lagos environment.
According to him, “Today, we hearken to the call of the people of Lekki Peninsula Estate residents, who deemed it fit to call our attention to inappropriate waste disposal practices in this area. It is a deep clean-up of gutters, corridors and median. First, we will address the issue of illegal occupants who operate businesses here; they will be relocated into the community. Nobody will invest in a filthy environment. We are using this opportunity to appeal to the people of Lagos, to embrace the right attitude to the environment for a healthy life. LAWMA will never condone filthy habits at homes and public spaces and will stop at nothing to achieve a clean and sustainable environment.”
Gbadegeshin said further that the Authority was open to collaborations with stakeholders on environmental issues, to complement the Authority’s effort.


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Inhaled anesthetic induction with maintenance of spontaneous ventilation is a method for management of patients with a potentially difficult airway.1–9 One of its proposed advantages is that if airway patency is lost, inhaled drug delivery ceases and redistribution will result in spontaneous awakening and airway recovery. Sevoflurane has largely supplanted halothane in the developed world for inhaled induction, but halothane may still be used in austere medical environments, and past studies have used halothane as a point of comparison with sevoflurane. Inhaled inductions are most often performed in the pediatric population, but have also been described in adults and other populations with or without anticipated difficult airways, including obstetric anesthesia.2–6
There are little, and conflicting, clinical data on factors affecting spontaneous recovery from inhaled induction after airway obstruction, especially in differing physiologic conditions and patient populations.10,11 The event of cannot-ventilate cannot-intubate is rare, potentially catastrophic, and difficult to study. Computer modeling and simulation provide methods for exploring these situations. In this study, we used a computational simulation of the kinetics of sevoflurane and halothane after airway obstruction during inhaled induction to investigate factors that affect time to spontaneous recovery.
We used GasMan® version 4.1.5022 (Med Man Simulations Inc., Chestnut Hill, MA) to perform our simulations. GasMan is a computer simulation program based on a physiologic multicompartment model of inhaled anesthetic uptake and distribution. GasMan has been used for the teaching of inhaled anesthetic kinetics,12,13 as well as the accurate modeling of volatile anesthetic concentrations during induction and emergence.12–18
GasMan is based on a 6-compartment model: alveolar functional residual capacity (FRC), vessel-rich group that includes the brain, muscle, arterial blood, venous blood, and fat compartments with an additional compartment for the anesthetic circuit. Equilibration among these compartments is assumed to follow first-order kinetics for partial pressures or tensions based on the blood/gas and tissue/gas solubility and tissue perfusion with arterial blood. Intertissue diffusion, drug metabolism, and ventilation/perfusion variation in the lungs are not simulated.12,13Table 1 displays the blood/gas and tissue/gas partition coefficients used in this study. Further details can be found in the User Manual for GasMan.a
We constructed our simulation model with the following simplifying assumptions:
- Complete and unrecoverable airway obstruction occurs at an unpredicted and discrete anesthetic level in the brain. This is represented in our simulation by an airway obstruction threshold level in the vessel-rich group. Because there is no known airway obstruction threshold in the literature, we chose a large range of values to explore the effect on time to spontaneous recovery.
- In our simulation, airway recovery occurs only when the vessel-rich group’s anesthetic level decreases below the airway obstruction threshold. Airway obstruction is complete and cannot be resolved with common maneuvers such as chin lift or insertion of airway devices.
- The effects of the studied parameters are sufficiently independent, such that the behavior of the system can be understood by varying only 1 parameter at a time while holding all other parameters constant.
At the initiation of each computer simulation, the semiclosed circuit was primed and the vaporizer set to the induction concentration of anesthetic specified for that simulation. Fresh gas flow was set at 10 L/min. Alveolar ventilation was then initiated. When the vessel-rich group’s anesthetic level reached the airway obstruction threshold specified for that simulation, alveolar ventilation was reduced to 0 and the circuit was flushed to produce zero inspired concentration. The simulation was continued with alveolar ventilation at 0 until the vessel-rich group’s decreased below the airway obstruction threshold. This time was recorded as time to spontaneous recovery. Figure 1 shows a screen capture of a running simulation.
Each specific simulation was performed once. Two simulations were performed at baseline parameters once with sevoflurane and once with halothane as detailed in the central column of Table 2. A simulation was performed for each single-parameter change from the baseline values as shown in the flanking columns of Table 2. Sevoflurane set concentrations of 2, 3, and 4 minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) were examined representing a wide, but clinically useful range. Halothane set concentrations of 4 and 6 MAC were simulated. Lower halothane concentrations were not examined because they would result in impractically slow inductions. Cardiac outputs between 2.5 and 10 L/min were arbitrarily chosen as a broad but reasonable range around a normal output of 5 L/min to explore system behavior. Similarly, the range in FRC was chosen broadly around a normal value of 2.5 L, and organ perfusion around a normal organ perfusion distribution of 76% in the vessel-rich group, 18% in the muscle group, and 6% in the fat group. This resulted in 25 simulations, including baseline parameters and a single variation from baseline parameters.
Combinations were simulated between variations in airway obstruction thresholds and set anesthetic induction concentrations for sevoflurane and halothane, because these are potentially clinician-modifiable factors. Further simulations examining the interaction between cardiac output and induction concentration were performed because large variations in cardiac output can occur within the same patient and this may influence the induction concentration used by the clinician. Variations in interactions of FRC and relative vessel-rich group perfusion with sevoflurane were simulated because these parameters are generally unmodifiable patient physiologic parameters.
To provide contrast to previous human studies comparing sevoflurane and halothane using end-tidal concentration, 4 additional simulations were performed. In these simulations, alveolar instead of vessel-rich group anesthetic concentration were used as an end point for obstruction. The first 2 were performed with halothane or sevoflurane with a set induction concentration of 4 MAC and airway obstruction threshold of 1 MAC. For the next 2 simulations, the airway obstruction threshold was 2 MAC. The set induction concentration of sevoflurane was 3 MAC, and set induction concentration for halothane was 6 MAC with an open circuit. These settings for halothane were chosen to achieve an increase in alveolar concentration in a similar timeframe as 3 MAC set induction sevoflurane concentration. Physiologic model parameters were otherwise at baseline. These simulation parameters were chosen to illustrate the qualitative difference between sevoflurane and halothane when alveolar concentration end points are used.
Figure 2 displays anesthetic level plotted over time of an example sevoflurane and halothane induction simulation where the set induction concentration was 4 MAC and the airway obstruction threshold was 1 MAC with the baseline physiologic model. As can be seen, there appear to be 3 general phases:
- The initial alveolar and vessel-rich group wash-in phase where a gradient develops between the alveolar and vessel-rich group compartments. The gradient is much larger, and induction occurs more rapidly with sevoflurane because of the rapid increase in alveolar level.
- At cessation of ventilation, there is an overshoot of the vessel-rich group concentration as it equilibrates with the alveolar concentration and alveolar concentration decreases rapidly. This overshoot is much larger for sevoflurane because of the higher alveolar concentration and its lower blood/gas solubility.
- Finally, after the rapid alveolar and vessel-rich group equilibration, there is a slow redistribution out of the vessel-rich group that is at approximately the same rate regardless of induction agent.
Notably, in the short-time course of inhaled induction, there is no significant buildup in the peripheral muscle. Even more so, anesthetic levels in the fat compartment are effectively 0 and are not shown.
Overall, time to spontaneous recovery in these simulations for sevoflurane ranged from 35 (at 2 MAC induction concentration with air obstruction threshold of 1.5 MAC) to 749 seconds (at 4 MAC induction concentrations with airway obstruction threshold of 1 and 10 L/min cardiac output). For halothane, time to spontaneous recovery ranged from 13 (at 4 MAC induction concentration with an airway obstruction threshold of 2 MAC) to 222 seconds (with 6 MAC induction concentration with airway obstruction threshold of 1 MAC and cardiac output of 2.5 L/min).
Table 3 shows the effect of single-parameter changes relative to baseline parameters on time to spontaneous recovery. Sevoflurane had a much longer time to spontaneous recovery than halothane under all equivalent conditions, 289 vs 85 seconds, respectively, at baseline parameters. The relative magnitude of effect on time to spontaneous recovery of induction concentration, airway obstruction threshold, cardiac output, FRC, and vessel-rich group is very similar between sevoflurane and halothane, seen in parenthetical data of Table 3.
Figure 3 displays the effects of different induction concentrations and airway obstruction thresholds on time to spontaneous recovery. As induction concentration is increased, there is a prolongation of the time to spontaneous recovery at all airway obstruction thresholds. As airway obstruction threshold is decreased, there is increasing prolongation of time to spontaneous recovery. There appears to be a synergistic interaction between the effect of airway obstruction threshold and the set anesthetic induction concentration. Direct multiplication of the magnitude of the single-parameter changes from Table 3 tend to underpredict time to spontaneous recovery at low airway obstruction thresholds and overpredict at high airway obstruction thresholds.
Figure 4 demonstrates the effect of cardiac output with different set induction concentrations on time to spontaneous recovery. With increasing cardiac output, time to spontaneous recovery decreases at a decreasing rate. At very low cardiac output, time to spontaneous recovery is extremely prolonged especially when high induction concentrations are used. However, there does not appear to be a synergistic effect between cardiac output and induction concentration because direct multiplication of the magnitude of the single-parameter changes from Table 3 predicts time to spontaneous recovery for sevoflurane induction at 2 MAC across the simulated cardiac output.
Figure 5 shows the effects of changes in FRC and changes in relative vessel-rich group perfusion. This graph demonstrates that increasing the relative perfusion of the vessel-rich group prolongs time to spontaneous recovery. Increasing FRC also prolongs time to spontaneous recovery. These effects are relatively small compared with other factors in the context of the large physiologic range explored in these simulations: Vessel-rich group perfusion ranges from 67% to 85% of cardiac output and 1.5 to 3.5 L for FRC. There does not appear to be a synergistic effect between the changes in FRC and vessel-rich group perfusion because the times to spontaneous recovery are well predicted by direct multiplication of the magnitude of the single-parameter changes from Table 3.
Figure 6 illustrates the simulations using alveolar anesthetic concentration as an end point instead of vessel-rich group anesthetic levels. Shown in the upper graph of Figure 6, when delivered in equipotent induction concentrations, halothane takes significantly longer to achieve the same alveolar concentration because of its higher solubility. Although both anesthetics reach 1 MAC, the vessel-rich group saturation is higher for halothane. After obstruction, halothane has a much faster second-phase decrease in alveolar concentration, but this is limited by the higher vessel-rich group level, and the sevoflurane alveolar concentrations eventually decrease to a lower level than halothane.
In contrast, the lower graph in Figure 6 illustrates the situation of delivering a higher induction concentration of halothane to achieve 2 MAC in a similar time period to sevoflurane. In this case, vessel-rich group levels of both anesthetics are similar when alveolar concentrations reach 2 MAC. After obstruction, alveolar halothane decreases more rapidly. Alveolar sevoflurane has a slower second-phase decrease as vessel-rich group levels continue to increase, and both alveolar and vessel-rich group levels of sevoflurane are higher than halothane in the third phase.
These results show that spontaneous recovery from inhaled induction after complete airway obstruction within a clinical timeframe is plausible, but highly variable. Time to spontaneous recovery varied widely depending on the clinical and physiologic circumstances, between 13 seconds and > 12 minutes in these simulations. There are multiple clinician-controlled and patient factors that influence these results.
The most easily controlled factor in shortening time to spontaneous recovery from inhaled induction is reducing induction concentration or slowing induction. This reduces vessel-rich group overshoot resulting from the larger alveolar to vessel-rich group gradient after airway obstruction. This is more pronounced with a less-soluble agent, such as sevoflurane. These effects are especially significant in patients with low cardiac output as seen in Figure 4. A lower airway obstruction threshold results in significantly longer time to spontaneous recovery. When inhaled induction is used for a potential difficulty airway, these results would advise against the concomitant use of adjuvants that may lower the obstruction threshold, such as opioids or other sedatives. They would also suggest that additional caution be taken in patients such as the elderly or those with obstructive sleep apnea if spontaneous recovery after obstruction is a consideration.
Patient-specific physiologic variations also affect time to spontaneous recovery. Low cardiac output prolongs time to spontaneous recovery by both increasing the alveolar to vessel-rich group gradient and slowing redistribution away from the vessel-rich group. This results in a larger and longer overshoot of the vessel-rich group and slower constant rate of washout after cessation of alveolar ventilation. Patients with relatively increased perfusion to the vessel-rich group, such as infants, will likely demonstrate a prolonged time to spontaneous recovery after airway obstruction, and additional caution should be observed in these patient populations. In obese, pregnant, or other patient populations with reduced FRC, there would be a lesser but notable effect, shortening time to spontaneous recovery. However, clinically this benefit is likely lost in the concurrent reduction in apneic reserve until hypoxia.
Most patients will have a combination of these physiologic perturbations. For example, the obese patient could have decreased FRC, decreased fractional vessel-rich group perfusion, and increased cardiac output that would accelerate spontaneous recovery. However, their lower airway obstruction threshold from associated sleep apnea would result in a slower spontaneous recovery time. Sepsis is another example that can result in a variety of physiologic disturbances. Sepsis might result in an increased cardiac output and decreased relative vessel-rich group perfusion, shortening time to spontaneous recovery. However, sepsis can also reduce cardiac output and reduce anesthetic levels required for airway obstruction. In these complex combinations, the exact magnitude of these changes in each patient could be difficult to predict but would have a significant effect on the spontaneous recovery time.
Two previous studies in human subjects tried to examine the relative speed of decrease in end-tidal sevoflurane and halothane during simulated airway obstruction with conflicting conclusions. In the study by Girgis et al.,11 patients were induced to an end-tidal concentration of 2 MAC, and then the airway was occluded for 3 minutes after which the end-tidal concentration was measured. In that experiment, sevoflurane was found to have a lower end-tidal concentration after the 3-minute occlusion. Talbot et al.10 had healthy volunteers breathe halothane and sevoflurane of 0.1 MAC end-tidal concentration, then initiated rebreathing for 90 seconds while measuring end-tidal concentrations. In contrast to the results of the study by Girgis et al., Talbot et al. found that halothane had a much more rapid decay in end-tidal concentrations.
The results of our simulation reconcile these previous studies by emphasizing that induction is a non–steady-state situation, and there is a significant delay between the alveolar concentration and the vessel-rich group. Thus, using end-tidal concentration end points would result in different tissue levels depending on the anesthetic agent and induction. Sevoflurane, because of its lower solubility and faster increase in alveolar concentration, results in lower saturation of the vessel-rich group. This allows for a larger decrease in end-tidal concentration from redistribution after airway obstruction. In contrast, because of its higher solubility, halothane has a more rapid immediate redistribution, but it is limited by higher saturation of the vessel-rich group during the slower wash-in phase. This is illustrated in Figure 6. This effect is more pronounced at higher end-tidal end point concentrations such as 2 MAC vs 0.1 MAC, but it is not actually clinically relevant because the vessel-rich group is the site of anesthetic action, and not the alveoli.
Thus, although the end-tidal concentrations in these previous human experiments were controlled, the actual vessel-rich group anesthetic levels, which is the effect site of anesthetics, were likely different between anesthetic agents. Future human experiments should not depend on end-tidal concentration as an end point unless relative steady-state circumstance can be ensured. Rather, the effect site should be modeled, and the results were then analyzed. Modeling of effect site has been shown in other studies to significantly improve the predictive accuracy.19
Also notable, the decay rate of anesthetic level from the vessel-rich group was very similar between sevoflurane and halothane after the vessel-rich group has equilibrated with the alveolar compartment. This can be seen in Figures 2 and 6 and is because the rate of redistribution from the vessel-rich group is predominantly controlled by cardiac output and relative perfusion of the other compartments. The difference in anesthetic solubility is minor. Thus, although our results show halothane to provide a more rapid time to spontaneous recovery, this was because of the slower induction with a smaller alveolar to vessel-rich group gradient leading to less overshoot after cessation of alveolar ventilation.
In the broader context of difficult airway management, the 4th National Audit Project of the Royal College of Anaesthetists and the Difficult Airway Society. Major Complications of Airway Management in the United Kingdom8 included multiple case reports of failed inhaled induction with loss of airway and without spontaneous recovery. The results of this study explain the clinical observation of that study. Herein, we have shown that spontaneous redistribution of inhaled anesthetic after airway obstruction is highly variable and depends on the multiple physiologic and clinical parameters. Furthermore, patients would likely become hypoxic and hypercarbic before redistribution of the anesthetic. In these cases, spontaneous recovery of the airway cannot be relied on, and other decisive steps must be taken to ensure oxygenation and ventilation.
The limitations of this study are inherent in computation simulations and the assumptions of the model used. Our simulations used arbitrarily designated values for airway obstruction threshold based on a fraction of MAC because there is no known clinical value for this threshold. Thus, we used a wide range of these designated values to demonstrate the scope of time to spontaneous recovery behavior. Our model involved complete airway obstruction, but maneuvers that even partially recover the airway would lead to kinetics more similar to traditional emergence from inhaled anesthetics and more rapid recovery. Our model ignored metabolism and intercompartment diffusion. However, these are unlikely to be important in the short timeframe of an inhaled induction. More significantly, we assumed airway obstruction occurs perfectly abruptly at a specific vessel-rich group level and recovery occurs at the same vessel-rich group level. We also assumed that there would be no difference in propensity to cause airway obstruction between the different anesthetic agents. Furthermore, we ignored the dynamic changes in physiologic parameters, such as cardiac output, relative tissue perfusion, FRC, and alveolar ventilation. All these factors would have an impact on spontaneous recovery time but would be complicated to model simultaneously and would likely lead to model overspecification. Regardless, the results of this study, with its controlled assumptions, provide a general framework for future clinical research.
Future research could include repetition of human studies similar to those by Talbot et al.10 or Grigis et al.11 but could apply the data to effect-site modeling or computer simulation instead of end-tidal concentration as an end point. These results could be compared in differing patient populations, such as obese versus nonobese. This would validate the physiologic model and assumptions used in this study and provide clinical credence to the results so that they may be extrapolated to other patient populations not directly tested. From a broader standpoint, computational simulation can be used to explore other difficult-to-study clinical situations, such as reanesthetization from hypoventilation after emergence.19
In conclusion, within its limitations, this computational simulation study provides insights into inhaled induction for difficult airways. Spontaneous recovery based on the anesthetic redistribution during airway obstruction is plausible, but highly variable depending on the clinical and physiologic parameters and cannot be relied on consistently. This study emphasizes the importance of effect-site modeling and also demonstrates that computer simulation offers an exploratory approach to anesthetic scenarios that are difficult to study in practice. The results of this study can be used to provide insights into clinical practice and guide future clinical research.
Name: Alexander S. Kuo, MS, MD.
Contribution: This author helped design the study and prepare the manuscript.
Attestation: Alexander S. Kuo approved the final manuscript, attests to the integrity of the original data and the analysis reported in this manuscript, and is the archival author.
Conflicts of Interest: Alexander S. Kuo declares no conflicts of interest..
Name: Mary A. Vijjeswarapu, MD.
Contribution: This author helped analyze data and prepare the manuscript.
Attestation: Mary A. Vijjeswarapu approved the final manuscript and attests to the integrity of the original data and the analysis reported in this manuscript.
Conflicts of Interest: Mary A. Vijjeswarapu declares no conflicts of interest.
Name: James H. Philip, ME(E), MD.
Contribution: This author helped design the study and prepare the manuscript.
Attestation: James H. Philip approved the final manuscript and attests to the integrity of the original data and the analysis reported in this manuscript.
Conflicts of Interest: James H. Philip is the creator of GasMan. GasMan is owned and distributed by a 501(C)(3) Charitable Organization, Med Man Simulations, Inc., in which James H. Philip is President. James H. Philip received no financial benefit from GasMan during the period of this study.
This manuscript was handled by: Ken B. Johnson, MD.
a User Manual for GasMan®. Available at: http://www.gasmanweb.com/software.html. Accessed July 5, 2012.
1. Patel A, Pearce A. Progress in management of the obstructed airway. Anaesthesia. 2011;66(suppl 2):93–100
2. Mostafa SM, Atherton AM. Sevoflurane for difficult tracheal intubation. Br J Anaesth. 1997;79:392–3
3. MacIntyre PA, Ansari KA. Sevoflurane for predicted difficult tracheal intubation. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 1998;15:462–6
4. Kandasamy R, Sivalingam P. Use of sevoflurane in difficult airways. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2000;44:627–9
5. Péan D, Floch H, Beliard C, Piot B, Testa S, Bazin V, Lejus C, Asehnoune K. Propofol versus sevoflurane for fiberoptic intubation under spontaneous breathing anesthesia in patients difficult to intubate. Minerva Anestesiol. 2010;76:780–6
6. Nakazawa K, Ikeda D, Ishikawa S, Makita K. A case of difficult airway due to lingual tonsillar hypertrophy in a patient with Down’s syndrome. Anesth Analg. 2003;97:704–5
7. Ratner EF, Cohen SE, El Sayed Y, Druzin M. Mask induction with sevoflurane in a parturient with severe tracheal stenosis. Anesthesiology. 2001;95:553–5
8. Cook T, Woodall N, Frerk C 4th National Audit Project of the Royal College of Anaesthetists and the Difficult Airway Society. Major Complications of Airway Management in the United Kingdom. 2011 London RCoA:143–54
9. Philip BK, Lombard LL, Roaf ER, Drager LR, Calalang I, Philip JH. Comparison of vital capacity induction with sevoflurane to intravenous induction with propofol for adult ambulatory anesthesia. Anesth Analg. 1999;89:623–7
10. Talbot NP, Farmery AD, Dorrington KL. End-tidal sevoflurane and halothane concentrations during simulated airway occlusion in healthy humans. Anesthesiology. 2009;111:287–92
11. Girgis Y, Frerk CM, Pigott D. Redistribution of halothane and sevoflurane under simulated conditions of acute airway obstruction. Anaesthesia. 2001;56:613–5
12. Philip JH. Gas Man—an example of goal oriented computer-assisted teaching which results in learning. Int J Clin Monit Comput. 1986;3:165–73
13. Eger EI II, Shafer SL. Tutorial: context-sensitive decrement times for inhaled anesthetics. Anesth Analg. 2005;101:688–96
14. Bouillon T, Shafer SL. Hot air or full steam ahead? An empirical pharmacokinetic model of potent inhalational agents. Br J Anaesth. 2000;84:429–31
15. De Wolf AM, Van Zundert TC, De Cooman S, Hendrickx JF. Theoretical effect of hyperventilation on speed of recovery and risk of rehypnotization following recovery—a GasMan® simulation. BMC Anesthesiol. 2012;12:22
16. Hendrickx JF, Lemmens HJ, Shafer SL. Do distribution volumes and clearances relate to tissue volumes and blood flows? A computer simulation. BMC Anesthesiol. 2006;6:7
17. Van Zundert T, Hendrickx J, Brebels A, De Cooman S, Gatt S, De Wolf A. Effect of the mode of administration of inhaled anaesthetics on the interpretation of the F(A)/F(I) curve—a GasMan simulation. Anaesth Intensive Care. 2010;38:76–81
18. Leeson S, Roberson RS, Philip JH. Hypoventilation after inhaled anesthesia results in reanesthetization. Anesth Analg. 2014;119:829–35
19. Johnson KB, Syroid ND, Gupta DK, Manyam SC, Pace NL, LaPierre CD, Egan TD, White JL, Tyler D, Westenskow DR. An evaluation of remifentanil-sevoflurane response surface models in patients emerging from anesthesia: model improvement using effect-site sevoflurane concentrations. Anesth Analg. 2010;111:387–94


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US Navy video of the three pyramid-shaped UFOs floating over the San Diego coast in California is “the best the world has ever seen,” says filmmaker Jeremy Corbell.
“This is probably the best UFO military-filmed footage certainly that I’ve ever seen, but I think also that the world has ever seen,” Corbell told Fox News.
The video, which is now public, was reportedly gathered by the Pentagon’s Unidentified Aerial Phenomena Task Force (UAPTF) and leaked to Corbell, according to Fox News.
The Pentagon confirmed on Monday that the 18-second video of the UFOs flying over the USS Russel is real, according to the New York Post.
Corbell also said that he has three images that show a “spherical” UFO that dropped into the sea and vanished without a trace.
“Whoever is operating these technologies are far more advanced than anything we have in the U.S. arsenal and that should be a warning sign. We need to find out the intent of the operators of these vehicles,” Corbell told Fox news.
This is the first video that the public sees in which the UFOs reportedly “harassed” at least three U.S. warships during military drills in July 2019, according to Fox News.
FedEx gunman ‘killed four outside warehouse before rampaging inside’
WON’T TAKE STAND
Killer’ cop Derek Chauvin refuses to testify in George Floyd murder trial
Who is FedEx Indianapolis shooter Brandon Scott Hole?
Cops say footage of moment Adam Toledo is shot proves 13-year-old DID have gun
FedEx ‘gunman who killed 8’ was ex-worker who was ‘fired & arrested twice’
Mom ‘murdered’ teen son and hide him ‘under pile of clothes for two months’
The National UFO Reporting Center reported 7,263 UFO sightings in the U.S. in 2020 compared to 6,277 sightings in 2019.
Former President Donald Trump signed a bill in December that gives the Pentagon a period of time to release a report outlining details about everything that government agencies know about UFOs.


the epileptic mode of electricity we get in this country, it could be
frustrating when tiding up that vital project in your office, or
watching that crucial match at your home, and you encounter electricity
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An Inverter is an electronic device that retains energy or power in batteries (DC); it converts the stored DC (Direct Current) power into AC (Alternating Current) energy when there is power outage (public utility or generator) to operate electronics equipments, electrical and other home appliances.
The inverter component is made up of UPS (Uninterruptible power supply) that allows the device to automatically supply power when there is an outage. An Inverter charges with public utility (PHCN, generators or Solar System.
What can I use an Inverter for?
Inverter is an alternative power solution for home, business and office. Inverter is applicable to all areas which can include the following:
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Here you can watch the panel discussion from Saturday October 1st back.
The Nederlandse Dansdagen contributes in all sorts of ways to the development of the special dance landscape in our country. Among other things, we bring professionals and the public together to share knowledge about the important topics of the moment. On October 1, at 15:30, a panel discussion will take place about the importance of archiving in dance.
The theme of this panel discussion is, 'The legacy of the sector. Taking care of the dance archives together
Archive material is created around each production. To be able to resume a production or to give more context to the performances. Often each company/maker approaches this in their own way. What lessons can we learn from each other? And what challenges can we as a sector tackle together? So that we can share knowledge and resources with each other and not reinvent the wheel.
Five makers will talk to the sector about how we can work together to preserve the dance archives and make them available. To give the rich legacy of Dutch dance a stage. They tell about what they are doing to the archive and why, what they encounter and think about what a joint approach could look like.
At the table are Nicole Beutler, Manuel Segond von Banchet, Joris Jans (Introdans), Bart Deuss (Don't Hit Mama), Sheree Lenting (choreographer) and Guido Jansen (Podiumkunst.net). The conversation will be moderated by Annette Embrechts.
This panel discussion is organized in collaboration between the Nederlandse Dansdagen and Podiumkunst.net. Podiumkunst.net connects the treasure troves of the Dutch performing arts and opens them up to makers, researchers and enthusiasts. The ultimate goal is an integral and accessible digital overview of the Dutch performing arts heritage, which brings the history of the Dutch performing arts alive and can be a source of inspiration for makers of today and the future.
More information about Podiumkunst.net:
De Nederlandse Dansdagen worden mogelijk gemaakt door:

domain: artistic


text:
|1.Alla Fine Del Mondo|
(Final Version)2.Il Tempo Non Sente Ragione
6.Rosa Nata Ieri
7.Vivi E Vai
9.L'amore E' Un Modo Di Vivere
12.Sei Un Pensiero Speciale
(Se Vuoi)14.Tra Vent'anni
|The album gives you a real musical experience because of the co-operation of a big number of musicians and very little electronic influences.|
âśPerfetto' comes with 14 new songs which were recorded in Los Angeles, Milan and Rome and are produced by Eros himself, together with his
co-producer Claudio Guidetti.
Famous musicians who worked on this album are drummer Vinnie Colaiuta (Joni Mitchell, Herbie Hancock, Quincy Jones. Leonard Cohen) and
guitarist Michael Landau (Michael Jackson, James Taylor, Miles Davis).


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Recently I recorded an interview on Blue Notes in Black and White with Richard “Doc” Stull for his New Books in Jazz site, part of the New Books network. It was a fun conversation and we covered a lot of ground. You will also find a recent interview there with Bay Area photographer Kathy Sloane, whose Keystone Korner: Portrait of a Jazz Club richly evokes the great San Francisco venue through the words of those who remember it, an accompanying CD, and Sloane’s darkly lyrical photographs. Sloane’s work picks up where Blue Notes in Black and White leaves off, providing a look at jazz photography in the 1970s during a time when the commercial fortunes of the music (at least in the United States) seemed to be a low point. Her photographs remind us that acoustic jazz did not die with the rock revolution or when major labels like Columbia started dropping important jazz artists like Ornette Coleman in the seventies. In Sloane’s memorial to Keystone Korner’s decade-long run, the music lives on, vibrant as ever. And her photographs not only take you there in a documentary sense, but the spirit of the music itself breathes through them.
I teach public history courses in which we discuss the ways historical memory is expressed through museum exhibitions, public memorials, and historic sites. But the built landscape and its attendant associations and activities is in itself a collection of memory sites, each waiting to be recognized. Keystone Korner is an example of the way a place maps culture, the way it structures cherished experience. Sloane’s book crafts historical memory of that mapping, weaving together oral histories and images that combine to evoke and interpret a place that was so much more than it appeared in its humble Vallejo Street locale. Something special happened there, over and over, and her book keeps the memory of that place alive.


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A corrective cleanser and mild-peel in one which puri es and thoroughly frees your skin of imbedded dirt, makeup, excess sebum and damaging pollutants. High-powered L-Lactic and encapsulated Salicylic Acids gently exfoliate dead skin cells, unclog congested pores and discourage impurities. V8 Peptide ComplexÂ® ensures skin is left super hydrated and renewed. Daily home facial!
Perfect for oily, congested, problematic skins and skins looking for regular exfoliation. Not for ne, sensitive skins.
HowtoUse:Toactivatethiscleanseryoumustshakethebottlebeforeeachuse.Splashfacewithwarm water, apply a small amount of cleanser to ngertips and massage into a lather on face and throat. Remove with a face cloth and rinse thoroughly with warm water. For a mild peeling e ect apply the Corrective Cleanser on dry, clean skin and leave for 2-3 minutes then rinse as normal. Avoid eye area, not to be used as an eye makeup remover.


text:
It's the 7th of the month and that always means a new
Theme for this challenge is
"Make it Masculine"
Our sponsor is
The Prize for the lucky winner is 4 Digi Images
using Baby Word 03
I colored the image with markers and die cut
using a stitched square die. It was layered with
a scalloped square die cut.
I added a strip of embossed card stock to the square piece.
Banners were die cut and embossed and placed behind the focal.
I added 2 enamel dots.
I hope you'll join us this month!
We love to see what you create!
I'm linking up to:
Southern Girls Challenge - ATG
A Bit More Time to Craft - ATG
A Perfect Time to Craft - ATG
Classic Design Challenge - ATG


text:
The Uttar Pradesh government on Monday posted PAC officer Anees Ahmad Ansari as the new Senior Superintendent of Bulandshahr following suspension of Vaibhav Krishna after the gangrape of a woman and her teenage daughter by bandits on gunpoint. Ansari is the Commandant of 34th Batallion of Provincial Armed Constabulary.
Maan Singh has been posted as Additional SP in place of Rammohan Singh, who was also suspended yesterday, an official spokesman said here today. Facing the flak from opposition, the government had suspended five officers, including the SSP.
The gang had brutally gangraped a woman and her 13-year-old daughter on gunpoint on Friday night after dragging them out of a car in Bulandshahr on NH-91 when they were travelling with their family from Noida to Shahjahanpur.

domain: law


text:
I'm often asked which personal finance software is the best. I strongly recommend YNAB 4, the system I personally use. It is by far the best budgeting system on the market. The software is fantastic and the methodology is extremely effective. You can read the review or Try YNAB 4 with a FREE 34-Day Trial!
Geezeo is financial management with a social twist. You can manage all types of accounts, automatically tag transactions, set budgets, and interact socially to get tips and hints on managing your finances. Geezeo is part of TheStreet.com, having taken funding from them ($1.2 million) — with an option to buy.
Based on the Wayback Machine, Wesabe attempted to merge social with financial about five months before Geezeo. We’ll see if Geezeo was able to improve upon it (in no way am I saying Geezeo simply copied Wesabe — I’m just talking about social/financial and making improvements on that idea in general).
*Update: It seems Geezeo has changed their business model and is now only accepting new users through the banks and credit unions that they have arrangements with. Now that you access the system through your financial institution, the software may have changed from what is reviewed below.
Getting Started with Geezeo
The startup process with Geezeo was fairly painless. The live search capability to find my financial institution (Wells Fargo) is almost becoming standard now. Seeing the list of Wells Fargo options clued me in to the number of financial institutions available through Geezeo (Geezeo uses CashEdge, a third-party data aggregator).
Fetching the data from Wells Fargo took about five minutes, and the whole thing went over without a hitch. My very next step was to choose to for my business accounts. I was happy to see that was an available option.
Unfortunately, Geezeo didn’t update my transactions to reflect the fact that I had deleted three of the five accounts. That resulted in a lot of bad links if I chose to click through to that deleted account from a transaction that was listed on my dashboard:
I logged out, and back in, but to my dismay, the transactions from the deleted accounts were still listed. My guess (hope?) is that they will disappear within the next day or so.
UPDATE: I logged in a week later and the transactions from the deleted accounts were finally gone.
Editing and Tagging Transactions
One key aspect to any personal finance software is to make sure that the required tasks take as little time as possible. These tasks are important to the user, because the user benefits from working with their money. However, the user does not benefit from having to click too many times unnecessarily, or just deal with an interface that doesn’t flow correctly. In that spirit, I edited and tagged transactions in Geezeo for longer than I’d like to admit — just to see if they’d done things with the user foremost in their minds.
You can see that your transactions are listed in a fairly bright blue, and you have a nice button right there so you can begin working with the transaction.
You’re shown the original payee (usually it’s quite a mess as it comes directly from the banks), but you can enter a new payee and then tell Geezeo to “use for similar transactions” so the payees come in clean the next time.
Also, you can choose a repeat tag (McDonald’s is always fast food) or a single tag (yes, I was at McDonald’s for fast food, but it was for a ‘birthday’ party).
Finally, there’s a Notes section, and then ability to Submit, Close or Sweep Up. I had no idea what Sweep Up meant, so I attempted to look it up. I scoured the FAQs and couldn’t find a single thing about what Sweeping Up a transaction would do. So I clicked it. It turns out it simply hides transactions. It seems in an effort to be cutesy with their wording, they created more work for a (semi-intelligent) user.
Some Glaring Problems with Geezeo’s Transaction Editing
You have to click the Edit button every single time. From what I could gather, there is no way to have all of the transactions in Edit mode, where you can simply tab through and make adjustments. This seriously hinders the speed at which you can work with your transactions and it’s a big deterrent to those first starting out because you…
Are forced to import a massive history of your accounts. Why can’t Geezeo ask for a start date of some type? This would save me from having to work backward and let me focus on working forward (where there’s obviously a whole lot more value!). Importing a massive history would be fine if Geezeo would…
Stop being so presumptuous with tags from the get-go. I didn’t like the wording on some of their tags, while others were just wrong (for me). For instance, I take income from the business and it’s just a transfer of money from a business account to my personal account. Geezeo saw that and categorized them as Transfers. That’s fine, except for me, they’re not.
Payees did not seem very sticky. I changed “POS PURCHASE – COSTCO WHSE #00CO” to Costco and checked the “use for similar transactions” box and it didn’t seem to work — at least not going backward into history. Perhaps it does work going forward. It would save the user a ton of time in starting Geezeo to have the payees be cleaned automatically — going forward or back.
Note: apparently you have to reload the entire page to see these changes come into effect. So there I was making the same changes again and again and again and all it took was a page reload. Their direct competitor, does not require this.
The colors are very tough on (even young) eyes. Each spending transaction is colored in a fairly bright blue. That’s not too bad, but then the tag links are all in white — this makes it extremely difficult to read!
No mechanism to do any mass-editing of transactions. I had the idea, after learning what Sweep Up meant, that I could select all transactions in Geezeo before August and have them swept up. This way I wouldn’t have to tag them! The process was still extremely tedious because I had to click Edit a bazillion times to open each and every single transaction and then confirm each and every single transaction. It was a user nightmare. I actually ended up giving up (fairly early on in the process) because it was so painful.
No useful filtering. I can’t see just September’s transactions, or just last month’s transactions. All I get is a “view all” option and then paginated links to the next pages.
Tagging and Editing Transactions Overall
My overall conclusion in regards to Geezeo’s user interface with transaction editing is that it needs serious work. They’re doing a beta UI overhaul, so hopefully these things will be improved. For the moment, entering all of those historical transactions was just an absolute nightmare. This is not what we need for someone that’s finally getting on the ball with their finances — to be facing a huge task right at the get-go that makes them want to quit (I wanted to quit).
UPDATE: After I started this review, but before I finished, Geezeo updated their site with a new look. Unfortunately, it’s pretty much just a new look The editing of transactions (where there is so much room for improvement) is still just as bad — it just looks different.
The Geezeo Dashboard
From here you can see the prior month’s transactions grouped by date, add an account, add a budget, or set up your mobile phone. On the sidebar of the dashboard you can add an account, see your accounts at a glance, get a money snapshot, see a bar chart of your top six expenses, see your Geezeo friends, groups, goals, and give a money confession. The pictures here are worth ~5,000 words…
Geezeo budgeting is fairly straightforward. I’m noticing a lot of the same thing with these new financial applications that are coming out on the market (mainly the Web 2.0 stuff). They all tout budgeting, but they’re all very weak in the area. Geezeo is basically no different.
You can give Geezeo about what you make in income each month, and that creates the top graph, with your budgeted expenses then compared to your income. I like the fact that you could create a zero-based budget with Geezeo (the budgeting idea which I’ve used for quite some time now) — it’s only that implementation of that could be made much easier. I’m certain Geezeo would implement it better if they were trying to get you to do zero-based budgeting. They’re not. They’re trying to get you to set some spending targets or goals.
You can see that they represent each tag as a large, eh, button I suppose. Green means you’re in good shape. Yellow means you should slow down and Red means to STOP! I like that. Cute.
I noticed that I can easily set a budget higher than my expected income, which idea I found to be ludicrous. Again, Geezeo is not focused on budgeting — they’re focused on the social aspects of personal finance — so you won’t get strong budgeting features here (at least not yet).
(On a side, nit-picky note, I found the Budget Breakdown percentages to be extremely confusing. They were showing over or under in each tag for the set budget, but they were presented to make you think they were showing you what percentage each element of the budget represented in regards to the entire budget. Confusing.)
Also, one feature lacking is the ability to distinguish between saving and spending. I might budget to save $500, but if I save $550 that’s a bad thing?
Check out the screenshots from the Budgeting section:
The next area of Geezeo that I checked out was the Goals section. Again, it reminded me of other competitors out there. I could pick from goals already listed or create my own. I chose to ‘Build a 3 Month Cushion’. It was cool to see that you could associate a tag or account with a goal. I associated my savings tag with it and said that once it hit $3,000 I will have reached my goal.
After joining the goal, I was kicked back to the dashboard immediately (?). Well, I went and checked out the goal page and PFSR was not listed as a user participating in the goal (in my dashboard yes, but not on the goal page). Also, I noticed there were only two people participating, though it was one of the largest (in the Tag Cloud) goals available. I determined that the large-ness of the tag is in relation to the comments left on the goal, not on the participants (why?).
Since I wasn’t listed as participating on the goals page, I clicked the “I Want to Do This” button again and chose $15k as my savings target (for Tag:Savings). Again I was kicked back to the dashboard, again I’m not showing as participating, and again, down the right side of the dashboard, I’m listed as participating…
I created another goal “save to pay down debt” and completed it right away, since my credit card balance was below my specified $2,000 limit. That one appeared to work and it showed PFSR as having completed it.
I’ve come back to check multiple times on the 3 Month Cushion goal and I’m still not registered. Strange.
At any rate, the goals are nice, but I don’t see Geezeo doing anything different than what 43things.com is doing except for the fact that Geezeo ties a tag or account to your goal. As far as community activity goes, 43things.com wins it hands down. Their user base is much more active, and that activity is supposed to be what helps the person reach a goal (at least that’s the idea). The big question: will this goal feature, heavily weighted toward the social aspect, help you with your personal finances?
Check out shots from the Goal section:
The Groups area of Geezeo isn’t anything special. At the moment they definitely appear to be in the “new” stage, in that there aren’t a lot of contributions yet, even to just a single group. My feeling is that they’re trying to be a bit too broad at first, and they’re spreading the activity a bit too thin. At any rate, you’ll find much more active forums that will also offer great advice for getting deals (FatWallet.com), budgeting (YouNeedABudget.com), getting out of debt (LLNOE.com), etc.
It’s the same story you get with Wesabe. They want to be forums, a financial management app, and a social network. We’ll see if it actually helps people get out of debt, save a bit more, and find a bit of financial success.
Geezeo’s New Look (They’re Out of the Beta)
The only real difference, besides colors and some layout changes, is the fact that you deal with significant advertising now :(. For instance, you have a very large zecco ad across the top, and an HSBC Direct ad on the right that’s got to be 350px by 350px. They’re very much in your face. In that regard I like advertising much better (though, as would almost any user, I prefer no advertising at all).
Honestly, I preferred the old look. It was much cleaner color-wise, with nice contrast. This one’s just too many shades of blue.
Geezeo Overall Conclusion
Geezeo is trying to be the crossroads of social and financial. It’s yet to be proven how that actually pans out for users as far as getting them an effective solution to help them get out of debt, save, and have some financial success. I wonder if Geezeo (along with its peers) are overshooting what people are actually wanting in regards to money management. Do they really need to have “friends” on their financial social network?
All in all, the jury is still out with Geezeo. At the moment, I’d say look elsewhere.

domain: finance


text:
In Plato’s Theaetetus, Socrates is portrayed as a midwife to the intellect, a metaphor for his task as a dialectician as he seeks to help give birth to wisdom. Thus it is that the author refers to Plato as the midwife’s apprentice. This volume represents an attempt to provide a more manageable account of the author’s two volume magnum opus, An Examination of Plato’s Doctrines. An accessible and lucid introduction to Plato’s ideas is provided which nonetheless challenges traditional interpretations. In particular the author is concerned to offer an interpretation of the significance of what Plato said. The chapters are arranged by topic, for ease of comprehension.
Table of Contents
Preface 1. Preliminaries 2. The Traditional Picture 3. Platonism and the Theory of Forms 4. The Physical World 5. Spiritual Things 6. Perception and Knowledge 7. Knowledge and Belief 8. The Logic of Knowing and Believing 9. Dialectic and the Structure of Reality 10. The Good Life 11. Virtue and the Pursuit of Happiness 12. Culture and the Imagination 13. The Good Society 14. In Conclusion. Index.
‘The work as a whole will be an excellent guide for students of general philosophy but also an indispensable textbook for specialist students of Greek philosophy’ The Times Literary Supplement

domain: library


text:
Official Disney Licensed Product.
Gorgeous keyring from the hugely popular Disney Frozen 'Olaf' range.
Keyring has a 3D figure of Olaf and a snowflake charm.
Can be easily be attached to zips, bags or clothing.
Figure measures approximately 8cm (3.1") long.
A fab gift idea for any Disney fanatic or add to your own collection.


text:
Freestyle skier Tyler Harding admits the pressure will be off this season as he looks to build back up to full fitness on the slopes.
Harding was part of the 24-strong team selected to represent Team GB at the first Winter Youth Olympic Games in Innsbruck back in January 2012.
It was an experience that the 18-year-old admits will live long in the memory, although his performance in the boys halfpipe competition was hindered by a back injury sustained in practice, leaving him finishing the final in tenth place.
Since then Tyler has been busy getting experience under his belt, including finishing third in the rookies section at the 2012 Austrian Freeski Open and 15th on only his second-ever World Cup start in the men’s slopestyle final in Sierra Nevada last year.
However disaster struck earlier this year when he over-rotated during a competition and ruptured his right anterior cruciate ligament – the second time he had suffered such an injury after sustaining the same damage to his left leg aged 15.
After a careful rehab period, Halifax-born Harding is nearing a return to skiing action but he insists he won’t be rushing back to competition too soon, with the larger picture in mind.
“I just want to get back and get back in the rhythm. I just want to practice as much as possible, I’m going to practice rather than worry about competitions,” he said.
“It’s a case of waiting for competitions this time next year so using this year as training to get myself back to where I was before and improve on that as well.
“It’s a tough thing being injured. It happens, it’s totally out of the blue and you can’t really stop it sometimes. It’s part of the sport. You’ve got to get over it, continue with it and work as hard as you can to get back.
“I took part in the first Youth Olympics in 2012. It was so good. It was amazing. It can’t live up to the real Olympics but in terms of different people, different cultures, different countries, it was one of the best times of my life even if the performance did not go as well as I wanted.
“I’ve had a lot of people telling me that I could go all the way, that I could go to the Olympics. The coach has got high hopes for top three at the Olympics but that’s only what you can hope for. For me I’m just going to keep trying as much as I can to get up there and so as much as I can.”
Harding was a keen spectator as slopestyle made it’s debut at Sochi 2014, with snowboarder Jenny Jones claiming a dramatic bronze.
World champion and British teammate James Woods also just missed out on a medal when he finished fifth in the ski slopestyle event and Harding believes the future is bright for the country.
“I watched Sochi from home. I was waking up at 6am to watch my friends do it. It was so cool watching everyone do it because everyone did so well,” he added.
“Team GB passed all expectations. Now we’ve got a lot more funding, so we’re getting a lot more help from outside sources.
“The ski scene right now for GB is booming, I’m really excited about it, we’ve just to go keep pushing on, we’ve got to keep looking forward to the next one in Pyeongchang.”
© Sportsbeat 2014

domain: sports


text:
Cosmonaut on Vacation - Let the Moment Land
Limited Edition debut full length cd from Birmingham, Alabama Psych Rock band Cosmonaut on Vacation.
Cosmonaut on Vacation - Let The Moment Land
Cosmonaut on Vacation is space-pop a.k.a echo-ey and melodic rock-and-roll played loud and proud. Full stop.
LET THE MOMENT LAND is born from the wildly inventive, collaborative world of the Birmingham, Alabama underground rock scene. In May 2011, Greg Slamen, formerly of Through the Sparks and Stateside, decided to start his own band and his own brand of spaced-out, psychedelic rock and roll. Influenced by the whimsy of the Kinks, attitude of the Brian Jonestown Massacre, the swagger of Oasis and the melodic arrangements of Syd Barrett-era Pink Floyd, Slamen twisted seemingly simple chords into songs that ring fresh and inspired. He's not trying to reinvent the wheel. He just wants to drive the goddamn thing until they fall off.
Like his Through The Sparks brethren, Slamen can be a studio rat. "I love recording, even if it's stressful at times. I recorded a few tracks at [Les] Nuby's (Vulture Whale) Ol' Elegante [studio] and a few more at Jody Nelson's (Through The Sparks / Dorado) Alamalibu, and a couple of the tracks -- those electronic numbers -- I did those on my laptop. [The recording process] was the fun part for sure. It's the mixing and mastering that was excruciatingly but necessarily tedious."
“Les Nuby was very supportive from the beginning when I told him about this idea that I wanted to make a solo record (of sorts!). He's been a sounding board and encouraging voice throughout the process of getting this record together-- everything from advice on the demos, to engineering some of the songs, to giving me feedback on the masters when I was done with the record. The same is true of Jody Nelson. And I should mention Shawn Avery. He's got the ears and some wild ideas about production. He definitely had some influence on the way this thing sounded.” Slamen found inspiration in the feedback, and, as he puts it, “ decided to take my record a bit more seriously after that. Like pizza boxes, empty beer bottles, and lots of standing around in my underwear mixing and doing retakes instead of sleeping and spending time with friends and family. “
This attention gave forth a bizarre, crunchy, spacey throwback of a record – an album from the time when albums mattered. The sounds of a strange journey, as one might imagine if a mission-weary 1980s Cosmonaut took a much needed vacation in a Adriatic beach town. Come along – it is going to be fun.
Cosmonaut on Vacation is:
Greg Slamen – vox, guitars, bass guitar, synths
Zach Evans – drums
Shawn Avery – bass guitar on tracks 2, 3, 4, 7, and 9
Joseph Nelson – electric guitar on tracks 3 and 8; keys and noise on tracks 7 and 9.
James Brangle – electric guitar on track 7 and 9.
Karsten Propper – backing vox on tracks 2, 4, 5, 6, and 9; whistling on track 6
Nikolaus Mimikakis – electric guitar on track 3
All songs written by Greg Slamen ©2013 except track 7 written by Dinger, Rother, et al.
Engineers: Joseph Nelson, Lester Nuby, Greg Slamen
Tracks 2 and 3 recorded at Ol’ Elegante, Homewood, Ala.
Tracks 4, 6, 7, 8 and 9 recorded at Alamalibu, Birmingham, Ala.
Mixed and Mastered by Greg Slamen
Cover Design by Greg Slamen
Art Direction and Photography by Shawn Avery

domain: entertainment