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I halved this recipe because I had one egg yolk left from a cookie recipe, and was looking to see what I could do with it.
over ice cream but Bake at 390°F (200°C) for 15 minutes or until set.
I rated this a 2 on the merit of taste alone.
These Portuguese-style golden tartlets are perfect to finish off a dinner party or as an afternoon treat with coffee, Once you've cracked this technique for silky smooth vanilla custard, you'll never go back to tinned, There's something so honest about a custard tart, simply topped with a grating of nutmeg, Our professional tips will help you master this crunchy-and-custardy delight, This recipe tastes even better with homegrown rhubarb, How can you improve a traditional egg custard tart? #ketobakedcustard #ketocustard #eggfastcustard #ketocremebrulee #ketodiet #ketotips #ketoforbeginners #ketomealplan #ketocooking #ketorecipes #lchf #ketocommunity #glutenfree #eggfast #eggfastrecipes. This is the creamiest custard I've ever had. custard. If you are looking for more Egg Fast dessert recipes, check out Egg Fast Pancakes and Egg-Fast Friendly Cloud Cake recipes, as well. In a medium saucepan, bring the milk to a simmer over medium-low heat. Even dark chocolate that I avoid during the egg fast for the sake of sticking to a decision for a number of days.
I love custard desserts! Place back in freezer for another hour. I also put in extra sugar -- and there was no need for straining the mixture. 8. We've tried by spicing up the pastry with nutmeg and adding berries, Mary Cadogan shows us how to make a classic French crème pâtissière – the perfect filling for these lovely summer fruit tartlets, This easy and comforting pud is the perfect way to round off a family lunch, Blackberries and custard like you never tasted them before - utterly irresistible, Celebrate raspberry season with this take on crème brûlée. sugar to 1/2 cup.
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The difference is noticeable quickly, because on an egg fast, a significant amount of water gets drained out in about 3 days. I added an extra egg and yolk, increased the sugar to 3/4 c and used 1% milk and it turned out perfect.
so I used condensed milk diluted. Keto Vegetables: The Key to Keto Success ». I did double the recipie, but only used half of the vanilla.
1. other reviews, I also increased the 3. Easy to stack in fridge.
Mix well. NOTE: If you're not on an egg fast you can turn these into crème brûlée by sprinkling any granular sugar substitute (like Swerve or Lakanto) on the chilled custard and placing it under the broiler for a few minutes. 1. It works wonders for many, at least short term, mainly because people tend to stick to it, and because they practically eat zero carbs and very moderate protein for a little while.
Based on the feedback, I baked it for an hour for it to set. was delicious even though the custard Pour mixture evenly into each dish. I found the taste too 'eggy' but Mama loved it so all was not lost. Modified: Jun 12, 2020 by Lisa MarcAurele 42 Comments - This post may contain affiliate links.
I baked it for more than an hour. Pour into freezer container with lid.
Based on what I read, I added an extra egg and increased the sugar to 1/2 cup. Powered by the Parse.ly Publisher Platform (P3). Your email address will not be published. Not 7. The custard tasted good and was not overly sweet.
It is a quickly made vanilla-flavored dessert. Bake until the custard is just set (it can still be a little loose), 30 to 35 minutes. :). Despite the hiccup, I would
Try changing the flavor by using different extracts - vanilla, caramel, cake batter or maple, just to name a few. Slowly pour the egg mixture into the simmering milk, whisking gently to combine. For an egg fast, each serving counts as 2 eggs and 1oz cheese.
Preheat oven to 325°. Cover with plastic wrap and microwave for 90 seconds at 600 watts. revisions to it. bad - but not a I like challenges like that. Bon Apetite! Preheat the oven to 390°F (200°C) and lightly grease an 8 to 10-inch tart pan. suggested and these
Took an extra 15 minutes to set in the oven, so ended up baking for a total of 50 minutes.
Traditional baked custard is made with egg yolks, sugar and heavy cream plus whatever flavoring you prefer. Pour the mixture into a prebaked tart base.
Tisa has an MSc degree in Psychology, is a Ph.D. candidate in Neuroscience, and a passionate cook. I do use some whole eggs, rather than all yolks, to keep it a little healthy. How to Make Egg Fast Custard Tart. While it Add sweetener, cream, salt and vanilla.
Being a fit person, I sometimes jump on a 3 to 5 days egg fasting wagon myself. for a sauce to pour See other 5.
So I came across this recipe. Let the custard cool in the water bath for about 2 hours before serving. I used dried lavender in the pictures and in the video. yield vanilla
Shared by home chefs and professional chefs. Determined to sweeten up peoples' lives with lip-smacking keto and low-carb recipes. wonderful. Hello Fresh special offer: Get 50% off your first recipe box, then 35% off the next three. Hey Tisa!
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Having survived death by a thousand cuts (finals week), a whirlwind week as a funemployed laowai in Andingmen, and 24 hours of travel, I finally am now tucked back into the cozy New England town called home. The overnight transformation still breaths shifty silence about me, not only eerie as a literal lack of noise but also as an ubiquitous agreement on [non-ironic] harmonious living. This unspoken social contract is borne by the daily litany of “thank you’s” and “excuse me’s” and the ever-confusing “sorry’s”. I was in the gym today drinking from the water fountain. A man came up next to me to wait for his turn (something in itself that is want in China), standing in such a manner that a clear shot to the locker room was slightly obstructed. “Sorry,” he said. For what? For troubling me to take an extra step? I was not sure whether to celebrate this apology as the resurrection of humanity, weep for it being a caricature of charity, or simply sigh bemusedly. Instead, the thought drowned jet lag and resurfaced later after a nap.
But first, my grandmother came over for dinner. Unlike many people of her generation, she is strikingly non-racist. More than that, she seeks only the good in people and cultures, seeing “cultural differences” where others may see a conflict of wrong and right. She is a lovely and brilliant woman who joined the Peace Corps in Nepal when she was in her sixties and continues to operate at a level five. She would probably still put warm milk out on a cold night if there were any neighborhood cats.
As is perfunctory but nonetheless enjoyable, we talked about Chinese society. The usual issues were discussed – plagiarism, cheating, theft, censorship, corruption, and what the West harbors ideologically that China does not – as an Australian classmate has tenderly put it, “Discussing why China isn’t America.” I summed up China’s main issues as sharing the common thread of lacking civic mindedness（缺乏公共意识）. Consider the environment. Trashcans and recycling bins stand on every street corner, and yet the streets are littered with trash. The trend is to throw trash on the ground, knowing that a street cleaner will pick it up within the day. And forget recycling and trash being separated – that job is for beggars. If any given individual chose to take a stand, she or he could likely find her/himself in jail. Indeed, there is nothing more dangerous to be in China than an empowered individual. Disheartened, my grandmother asked, what is to be done?
Despite social trend stigmatizing the use of generalizations, and despite intellectual cool-kids’-club scoffing at the ready answer to Grandma’s question, I nonetheless answered her. “Gradual political reform.” I said. I didn’t even couch my response in socially harmonious language (self-imposed 和谐废话 – see paragraph two of Amy Chua’s article). How thrilling.
One liberty that China lacks and that the Western media miraculously fails to point out is the right to civic mindedness. Most societal issues, if not soluble by active civic mindedness, are at least made more manageable as the responsibility can be shouldered by society as a whole instead of by the government. Tocqueville mentioned this in Democracy in America, noting that the decentralization of power allowed for common citizens to take an active role in the bettering of their society, or at least their immediate surroundings. A town primarily composed of farmers ought to be able to fix their own issues of agriculture and commerce, knowing that the state/national government exists as a parent and safety net. National government, state government, local government, and citizens form a gradient whose separation becomes grayer in each descending step. The necessity of democratically-elected local and state governments is in this way indisputable. People are more likely to be satisfied with self-selected and self-imposed laws, and that burden will be lifted from the central government so that the 林林总总 problems that it faces will be rightfully shared with the citizens.
Suggesting that China needs democracy at the local governmental level feels like a cliché at this point, but I’ve always thought clichés exist for a good reason. Beyond tangible political reform, there needs to be an ideology shift, an increased concern for the well-being of one’s surroundings, so that the factory owner will think twice before dumping two tons of ink into the river. There are practical ways of preventing factory owners from thus conducting themselves, or as I prefer to identify them, 当权者, people with power. This includes enforcement of no-dumping laws, though that in itself is an enormous issue (上有政策，下有对策). The tragedy of China’s legal enforcement abilities will not be discussed here. The focal question is how to encourage civic mindedness for the sake of civic mindedness, not for obeying law? (Albeit obeying the law would also be a positive first step.)
As Tocqueville said, the answer may lie in decentralization of power. When people feel the pressure of self-responsibility, only then will they cease to see themselves as the children of Mama Hu Jintao and Baba Wen Jiabao and instead as contributing members of society. So next time someone delivers the disgusting diatribe that “China is not ready for democracy, there are too many domestic problems!” feel free to enlighten this friend of the utility of democratically-elected local governments, and we can all hope that Tocqueville was right.
And then there is the nebulous but potent force of culture – cultural lack of civic-mindedness – which my American-born-Chinese friend has pointed out is a valid trend even in overseas Chinese. Decentralization may have the effect of empowering individuals, but in China’s case it is more likely that, because of cultural influences, it will empower the group instead; that is, the group of farmers, the group of female senior citizens, the group of a county – but that is another discussion in itself. Cultural influences in this regard are certainly the most interesting aspect of the issue, and also the one that I am least equipped to address. Perhaps a more enlightened friend has comments?
So, Grandma, there is your answer: increased civic mindedness, to be sparked by decentralized power and democratically-elected local governments. China is trying this out, in various places, but conservatively so. Perhaps it’s time to take a leaf out of Deng Xiaoping’s book and magnify successful cases of policy implementation. I will refrain from criticism of the current regime, and finish with a Roseanne Cash quote, “The key to change is to let go of fear.” How many fears, indeed.

domain: sociology


If 30,000 people attend a football game at Tulane University's proposed on-campus stadium, 70 percent of them are likely to travel by private cars, meaning more than 8,000 parking spaces would be needed to accommodate them, consultants working for Tulane said at a public forum this week. Yet fewer than 1,800 spaces are likely to be available on the Tulane campus. Tulane officials said they are confident they will be able to find all the needed spaces, including by shuttling thousands of fans to the game on buses from distant lots, but the fact they are not yet able to identify most of those lots left many at the forum dissatisfied.
Tulane hopes to open the stadium for the 2014 football season.
Consultants said similar park-and-ride systems handle from 25 percent to 50 percent of the parking requirements at other urban stadiums, some of them far larger than Tulane's, such as the 80,000-seat University of Wisconsin stadium in Madison and the 72,500-seat University of Washington stadium in Seattle. At Tulane, they said, about 23 percent of the needed parking would have to be provided by a park-and-ride system.


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text:
We only have one planet. Our health depends on it – like its health depends on us.
04 April 2022
By Hayley Carmichael
Written by RJ Heron: With everything going on in the world at the moment it is easy to feel helpless especially when it comes to things that are global; but the good news is that there is always something we can do. For World Health Day we celebrate being more sustainable as just one example of making a difference.
World Health Day
April 7th is World Health Day and the World Health Organisation (WHO) are championing the links between a healthy planet and a healthy population.
Climate change has been identified by WHO as the single biggest threat to humanity, making the climate crisis a health crisis. Reducing our impact on the environment is one way we can help tackle this problem.
WHO estimate that more than 13 million deaths around the globe are caused by avoidable environmental causes. This is a sobering figure and evidences that we all have a huge opportunity as a global community.
Why does climate change impact health?
As global average temperatures rise, disease transmitting insects such as mosquitoes have the ability to reproduce more successfully and travel further, leading to more widespread disease.
The pollinating season for plants, trees, crops and flowers is extended and hayfever sufferers are seeing their symptoms start sooner and end later in the year.
Extreme weather events such as heatwaves and flooding also hugely impact our health. A & E admissions spike during a heatwave as do monthly death statistics, Temperatures above or below the norm can make things like respiratory conditions worse. The links between our climate and our health are clear.
What can we do?
It doesn’t take World Health Day to take action on our carbon footprint but it is a good reason to make a start.
We have a responsibility to ensure that our planet is a safe place for us all to live healthy lives. Making small changes such as walking or cycling instead of driving is an easy win for your own health and your carbon footprint.
To help you make a change today take one of our pledges – click here and help make it a healthier world.

domain: health


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Pat describes the origins of his Read Em and Weep series and the first two novels: Serial Killer and Goodnight, John-Boy. They follow the golden rule that all writers should obey: write what you know.
He relates how the series came about in collaboration with his colleague, artist Kevin O’Neill, when they realized the comedy potential of the strange world of comics publishing.
The humour was there right from the start but, for a novel, it needed the dark impetus of crime and punishment: thus there is a murder on page one and from there things only get worse, particularly with idiot savant comic editor Dave Maudling as the protagonist.
The series is fact thinly disguised as fiction – apart from all the murders, that is. And Dave’s unhealthy obsession with fur coats. And his dead mother appearing and ordering her reluctant son to find her killer.
"Just finished this twisted, very funny novel - 1st in a series by Pat Mills and Kevin O'Neill. Brilliant skewering of 1970s kids' comics." - Ian Rankin, author Inspector Rebus series.

domain: entertainment


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Tour Guiding Principles &Techniques
Transcript of Tour Guiding Principles &Techniques
The Tourism Industry
Composite of industries and entities, both public and private
Involved in the planning, development, marketing, sales & promotion, evaluation of destinations, products and services
Caters to the needs of travelers, both foreign and domestic
People who leave their homes to temporarily visit a place
They should be spending and not earning money from the place they visit
Reasons can be pleasure, meetings or seminars
With the intention of learning something about the place like its history, people, culture
Basic factors for a successful tourist destination
Attractions which can be site itself or an event
Amenities or facilities like accommodation, food, local, transportation, communication and entertainment at the site
Peace and order
Department of Tourism
Phil. Convention & Visitors Corp. (PCVC) – marketing arm
Phil. Tourism Authority (PTA)– implementing arm
Local Government Units (LGUs)
Other National Gov’t. Units (NGUs)
Transportation companies – land, sea, air & rail (others; like calesa)
Hostelry industry – accommodation establishments
Travel trade – tour operator, tour guides
Other private sector entities
Characteristics of Tourism
Product is not brought to the consumer;
The tourism product is not used up, it doesn’t exhaust the country’s natural resources;
Characterized by the changing ideas of its customers.
A tour guide is one who conducts a tour or one with broad knowledge of a particular area whose primary duty is to inform
According to the Tour Guide Code of 1987 promulgated by DOT.
An individual, who, either as an employee or affiliate of a duly licensed travel & tour agency, GUIDE tourist, both foreign and domestic, for a fee, commission or any lawful form of remuneration.
As a profession…
Must be Filipino citizen;
At least 2nd year college;
Pass the qualifying interview by DOT;
Must undergo and pass a DOT-sponsored seminar;
LGU – licensed;
DOT – accredited.
SYNONYMS for tour guide used within the industry include tourist guide ( commonly used in Europe and many other parts in the world), local guide, and the city guide.
Nature of Tour Reception & Guiding
First impression of tourists play a very important role.
Receiving tourists is just like receiving guests in your home
Show the best without boasting or overdoing.
Guiding is not simply telling them “to your left, to your left”, there’s a lot more into it.
Duties and Responsibilities
Provide them information and explanations about the place honestly without prejudice;
Ensure a factual presentation, make sure to distinguish the truth stories, legends, traditions;
Act fairly and reasonably in all dealings with colleagues and co-workers;
Always act with tact and diplomacy in dealing with the guests.
Always report for duty healthy and positive
Never take advantage of the ignorance of the tourists,
Never allow yourself to be used by unscrupulous organizations who want to take advantage of the tourists,
Usee common sense and be honest by saying “ I don’t know,…I will check,..”
Ensure guest’s safety, warn them on:
Plants that might cause some allergies.
Food and drinks that might not suit their digestive system.
Elevation for those with vertigo and fear of height.
Dogs that might bite.
Presence of pickpockets in crowded areas.
Protect the reputation of tourism by making every assignment a treat, with respect to the environment, wildlife, sights & monuments, local customs & traditions.
Act responsibly as representative of the country and the people.
Avoid using highfalutin words, use simple, easy to understand words
Try to get rid of regional accent
Use synonyms to explain, to describe something
Use non-verbal communication in a difficult thing or situation
Speak audibly, not too soft and not too loud
Conduct your commentary in a relaxed, entertaining manner (they came here to enjoy, remember)
Kinds of Tour Guides
Free Lance – not permanently connencted with any travel agency and paid per trip.
Staff Guide – permanently connected with a travel agency, receives monthly salary.
TYPES OF TOUR
1. Daily-run tour – is a conducted regularly.
Specially arranged tour- is a tour specially arranged based on the specific needs of the tourist, normally not conducted regularly.
2. Seat-in Coach- is a tour participated by different tour members with varied pick-up points but going to the same destination. 3. 3. They do not know each other until they join this tour group.
4. Walking tour- is a type of tour where tour members have to do a lot of walking in order to see the different aspects of the tour ( walking tour of Intramuros)
5. Museum Tour- is normally a visit to the different museums as the main part of the tour. It could be a whole or half day of museums visits.
6.Plant Tour/ Company Visit- conducted normally with students visiting an actual plant or company which is related to the course of study.
Lectures are given by in-house speakers and actual tour of the different areas of the company is included.
This tour is done to compliment the actual observation phase of their theoritical background learned in school.
It is an exposure to the real world of the industry they chose to practice after graduation
7. Eco- Tour – is a tour to the different ecology sites with emphasis on the preservation of the environment.( normally includes, walking, hiking and interaction with the natives.
8. Pilgrimage tour- is a visit to the religious and worship places like churches and mission houses.
9. Other specialized tour- is a tour conducted for a specific type of tourists like going to a faith healer, shooting a film, agri-toursim, or any other tour of special interest .
Types of Tour Guides
1. On-site guide- conducts tours of one or several hours at a specific place, site or building. Another example of on-site guide is a museum curator ( usually well informed)
2. Docents- are volunteer guides normally in the small museum and often work for free.
City Guide- points and comments on the highlights of a city, usually from a motor coach, minibus, or van but does sometimes as part of a walking tour.
4. Driver Guide- is a city guide who does double duty by driving the vehicle while narrating.
5. Personal or Private Guide- whose services may be available at a reasonable price, take a small number of individuals on their own exclusive tour.
6. Specialized Guide- is someone whose expertise or skills are highly unique. For ex. Adventure guides lead unusual, physically demanding tour experiences ( diving, rafting, safari, trekking or spelunking)
7. Step-on Guide or freelance “ specialists”-who come abroad motor coaches to give an informed overview of the city to be toured.
8. Local Guide- is a person competent enough to give information on a certain area or locality.
9. Specialist Guide- is a person who specializes in a certain field such as botany, architecture, zoology, etc.
10. Linguist Guide- is a person fluent in two or more foreign languages.
11.Escort – person who accompanies a group of tourists from the point of origin to the destination, and back to the origin. Usually handles group’s check in and check out.
13. Indigenous Guide- is a guide with a native or aboriginal background with a deep understanding of their culture.
14. Nature-based or Eco-tour Guide- is a guide who is a specialist in environmental knowledge.
The Scope of a tourist Guides Work
A. The tour guide- is defined as a person who takes tourist around the places of interest on foot and on tours, or other means of transport , and who imparts to them information during the trip.
Given these tasks, a tour guide must be able to project two basic assets:
1. A personality able to present the information clearly, enjoyable and with something of the artistic skills of an entertainer.
2. An ability to convey factual and interesting information with all the skills of a good teacher and lecturer.
Persons wanting to become tour guides must possess:
good education, proper motivation
Full and proper training in his work- in the degree and scope of knowledge required, the skills and techniques needed,etc.
Must have passed careful selection process.
B. THE COURIER
In some instances of industry practice, the tour guide is expected to include the work of COURIER, although in the strict sense, a courier should not do guiding work.
The courier work of a guide involves:
1. Welcoming tour groups at the point of entry and dispatching them.
2. Organizing correct baggage transfers
3. Accompanying parties in transit and assuring safe arrival, etc.
4. Assisting groups through customs (with permission from proper authorities)
5. Ensuring parties to have comfortable accommodation, good transport and meals, well arranged facilities, etc.
6. Checking in and out of group
7. Arranging if necessary, alternative facilities
8. Promoting, arranging and assisting tourists’ optional activities and welfare
9. Establishing good professional relationships with hotels, coach drivers, etc.
In some countries, guides performing the above mentioned responsibilities are known as “National Courier Guides”.
Industry practice would seem to suggest that guides particularly those employed regularly with tour agencies are required to carry out courier duties.
C. Guide Lecturer
Is regarded in the industry as a qualified academic expert who is called upon to guide and to lecture on a higher and more specialized level
Ex. Specialized knowledge in certain field
(art, history, museum, flora and fauna)
D. Tour Manager
This term is used to described those who are generally employed to carry out courier and administrative tasks while accompanying a party on an extended tour of several days or more, probably over a considerable distance and perhaps involving a number of destination/countries.
E. Escorts and Hostesses
- Industry practitioners would use extra care in using the term “escort” or “guide escort” since it generally implies sexual service – as it is being advertised here and abroad with explicit sexual connotations.
- Hostess similarly have this peculiar connotation in certain places, applied professionally.
- It applies to services covering reception, social welfare help ( usually female) provided at airports, planes, hotels for tourists.
- This may include courier work and even guiding ( night spots, boat tours, conferences, etc.)
Applying learning theories to guiding
KEY FOR LEARNING FACILITATOR
- Sensitivity to people and willingness to change if the situation requires it
- Guides should be flexible in their performance because of the various type of personalities which guides encounter
Guidelines to Facilitate Learning
1. A broad-based knowledge about the region is essential.
2. Guides must be committed to life long learning.
3. Enthusiasm is a very important characteristic of an effective guide.
4. Empathy and sensitivity toward people.
5. The ability to interpret by painting mental picture rather than merely disseminating information inspires people to learn.
6. Flexibility; ability and willingness to use various principles and methods and to use a different approach if necessary.
7. Pride in serving others. This is another intangible quality.
Educating the Guide
- Commitment to education and high standards
- Must concern itself with its identity and its image
- IDENTITY is the collective set of characteristics of a person or a thing, including its standards and values.
- IMAGE is the perception others have toward it.
Licensing and certification
- In the past, DOT was the institution that was authorized to issue licenses to tour guide. However, after the passage of the Local Gov’t Code of 1991, this authority was transferred to LGU’s.
ACCREDITATION is a certification issued by the DOT that the holder is recognized by the department as having complied with its minimum standards.
- An application for accreditation as tour guide is required to submit the ff:
1. proof that the applicant has passed a seminar for tour guides duly conducted by the DOT, or other agencies duly authorized by the department to conduct the seminar
2. Certificate of good health issued and duly accredited government physician.
3. Clearance from NBI, if alien applicant-valid visa from Bureau of Immigration and Deportation and permit from DOLE
4. License certificate from LGU
5. Such other docs that DOT may require from time to time
- Upon compliance, a certificate of accreditation and ID are issued to the applicant upon payment of accredited fee and fee for ID. These are valid for a period of 1 (one) year from the date of issuance. Accreditation is optional, not compulsory.
Education and Certification
- It is necessary and helpful for guide training to be subject and region oriented.
U.S., Canada and Mexico – presently discussing the establishment of a national core curriculum for guides.
- England-similar concept used in which Nation Tourist Board has established a core curriculum for guides in all regions of the country.
- Many countries feel that they should establish a core curriculum that is challenging and penetrating enough to make difference and yet is broad enough to be applicable to all guides.
1. Even if it is considered too broad or too demanding for all guides and educators from a particular region on a framework from which to make an appropriate curriculum.
2.It provides a basis for guides and educators to deliberate and modify.
History of Tour Guiding
- Guiding is one of the oldest professions of the world.
- Ancient Empire
- From 3000 BC to 500 AD generates travel
- The ancient Persians, Assyrians and Egyptians in organized manner, although travel during this period was slow and dangerous, many travelers continued to travel by land and sea
- Tourism flourished
- Festivals and shows
- Olympic Games which begun in 776 BC
- In Greek language, guides were called “PERIEGETAI” or leaders around or “EXEGETAI” or explainer. Another term was “PROXEMOS” whose function was to help fellow citizen in travelling abroad.
- Herodotus-first travel writer
- In Ancient Rome, travelers increased in number. Sight-seeing proliferated.
- Ilium, the country of Homer, had a thriving tourist business which featured many guides who pointed every significant place of feature mentioned in Iliad. They showed the seashore where the Greek ships had been pulled up; the plain where the battles took place, and the site of the Trojan war which they regarded as the “piece de resistance”
- The period between the fall of Rome and Renaissance; between 500 A.D. and 1508 A.D.; Dark Ages
- Decline of trade and economy in general and decrease in the desire to travel
- Religious pilgrimage to such places as Cantebury, Winchester and Walsingham.
- Encounters with robbers along the way were very much afraid to travel alone.
References to guides during this period emphasized their roles as pathfinders, protectors, safety escorts and even bridges to ensure safe passage
According to Casson, a historian, a guide was paid large fee because he not only led the way but also generated safe conduct to the travelers
Renaissance and the Grand Tour
- Grand Tour – young men from the upper class traveled from Britain
- Prescribed route from England to France, Germany, Austria and Switzerland to Italy as the final destination.
- Since these journey were taken for educational and cultural reasons, the individuals or group were usually assigned to a personal tutor, who was called a ‘bear leader’, ‘antiquarii’, or ‘cicerone’
- Ventturino, a driver of the italian four-wheel carriages called Vettura; hired by the travelers of 17th to 19th centuries
- During 17th and 18th centuries, travelers to and within the New World were explorer rather than pleasure travelers
- Few New World travelers or guides were known to have existed during the period
Types of Guided Tours
1. Package Tour
- A vacation plan arranged by tour operators or wholesalers which provides for a set free, all or most required services.
- Independent Tours- arranged by travel agents or tour operators and are tailored to meet the specific needs and desires of individuals. These tours are: unscheduled allowing travelers to plan activities and choose restaurants as they travel.
i. Foreign Independent Tours (FITs)
ii. Domestic Independent Tours ( DITs)
1. PACKAGE TOURS
b. Hosted Tours- un-schedules, features a host stationed in a designated location and available for assistance.
- Independent and hosted travelers may wish to avoid guides, but many will take part in fixed departure guided tours or arrange for private tours once they arrive in the city.
c. Escorted Tours- more structured and feature a tour manager throughout.
- Often incorporate local guides (step-on guides) at major cities or sites.
2. CUSTOMS Tours- designed to fit the specific needs of a particular market or affinity group. ( Themed Tour)
3. CONVENTION Tours- excursions provided for persons attending meetings and conventions.
- Most cities which host conventions have ground operators or tour operators who plan these tours.
4. INCENTIVE Tours- usu. Loosely structured and offer an array of choices for the participants.
5. FIXED DEPARTURE Tours- regularly scheduled public tours.
6. FAMILIARIZATION Tours- usu complimentary or reduced-rate travel programs designed to acquaint travel agents, tour operators and other industry personnel w specific destination
CLASSIFICATION OF TRAVELERS
1. Explorers- Participant-observers who travel alone or in very small groups.
- Do not require special tourist accommodation or attractions and therefore offer little or no threat to local residents.
2. Elite Travelers- can afford to spend much to have un-usual travel experiences./ few in member
- Demand some degree of comfort in amenities.
1. Off-beat Tourist- Travel alone or in small number.- avoid crowds, other tourist, typical sight seeing, adapt well to local lifestyles and amenities and pose few problems to local residents.
2. Unusual Tourists- Demand more amenities and look for unusual, adventure or primitive experiences.
3. Incipient Mass Tourist- Represent business and vacation travelers.- travel individually or small group.- demand Western-style amenities.
6. Mass Tourist- They are large groups of middle-class travelers who visit popular sites and also demand Western- style amenities.
7. Charter Tourist- They arrive in large groups, generating a large volume of business but often demanding impersonal and standardized services.
- Great impact to locals
- Tour operator-must offer name tags and little one-to-one interaction with visitors and locals.
Understanding the Impact of Mass Tourism on Both Travelers & Local People
- Group Traveler- Most preferred by many.
- Reasons: Comfort, safety, education, economy and companionship
It offers the easiest and often only way to gain access to some places.
- Families, extended family reunions, corporate travelers, association executives, association members, clubs and affinity groups, school groups, university and alumni groups, people w/ disabilities, foreign and domestic travelers joining groups, business and incentive groups.
- Student Groups- are popular in some regions esp. in Historic places or in places that lend themselves in some way to the curriculum of the school.
- Provincial Capital is a destination for regional school groups.
- Cities w/c have zoos, fine museums, historic homes, other educational attractions.
- Students usually fall between the ages of 11-17.
- Occasions for student group travel include senior class trips, safety patrol trips and trips related to specific curricula topics.
Challenges in working w/ students
- It is important for teachers and guides to establish clear ground rules and require discipline among the students.
- Many guides allow accompanying teachers to set the organizational and disciplinary tone for the tour since as chaperons, their primary duty is the safety of the students.( Teachers are more familiar w/ the curriculum, school’s regulation and learning level of the student
- Guide will conduct the tour at the level of understanding of the students.
- Sales, research, meetings and conferences.
- Sightseeing is usually secondary to their trip.
- They are interested in an overview rather than in –depth tour.
- They are regular travelers and may have visited a region.
- Convention Travelers- tours are usu. - - Brief and structured and are generally prearranged by meeting planners
- Business people who were given trips by companies as a reward for their accomplishments.
- These people visit an area principally for pleasure.
- Conducting tours with parents and infants or toddlers, interpretations should be directed towards the adults.
- As children become older, the guide directs commentary to them, interacts with them, ask them questions, encourages them to talk about what they know and what they want to know about the area.
- Many guides talk principally to the children and add comments and clarifications to adults.
- Demanding, slow, patient, impatient, repetitive, and punctual
- Many guides find senior citizens to be the groups of choice.
- Younger senior citizens participate in some of the most active adventure-oriented tours
- Older senior citizens often prefer more passive, leisurely tours.
Clubs or Affinity Groups
- These groups usu. Have a common interest.
- They are generally enjoyable esp. when the values or interests of the group coincide with that of the guide.
- These groups are usu. Pre-acquainted and compatible.
Public Tour Groups
- Participants have in common: when they decide to visit the same place at the same.
- They are not usu acquainted with each other
- Challenge for the guide: is to interpret to a diverse group of people and attempt to unite the group.
Challenges of Group Travel
- The characteristics of multi-cultural groups are a more dynamic, informative and rewarding experience for both visitors and guides.
Interpreting the different customs, body language and personalities of people throughout the world can be very confusing.
- Most often, an innocent comment or gesture can alarm or offend visitors.
- It is a must to know the customs and behavior of their guests, such as: greetings, punctuality, gift- giving, dress, gestures and general protocol, they should observe and understand people throughout their most fundamental level of values.
Tour Guiding Techniques
Pre – tour:
- Study your tour assignment
- Be aware of the composition of the group
- Review itinerary
- Be reminded of cash advances, vouchers needed
- Know your vehicle to be used, plate number and name of driver or coordinator.
- Be punctual
- Make sure you have complete name of guests, cash advances and tour vouchers
- Check your transport amenities
- Meet and greet the group
- Discuss itinerary and check other concerns
- Deliver commentaries
- Announce inclusions of the tour and what to expect
- End your day/tour by thanking the guests
- Announce the next day’s itinerary/program and give instructions
- Gather all collected vouchers
- Prepare tour guide’s report
- Submit tour report to immediately after the tour
- Accomplish financial report with receipts, vouchers and other assignments
- Liquidate ( if necessary)
- Be prepared, study the destination
- Plan your spiel or commentary, it should be structured
- Have an update on the local and global news and environmental issues
- Intercede when necessary in the interaction with the guest and the locals
- Be aware on the basic human behavior and attitudes
- Do research to back up your facts
- Be ready for pertinent and impertinent questions
- In cases of having more than one guide, find some time to sit down, discuss to synchronize information & learn from each other.
- Never tell your personal life at first meeting
- Never sell anything at first meeting unless they ask
- Be punctual at all times.
- Learn map reading
- Learn how to say NO to indecent proposals
- Make a head count before, during and after the tour, especially on stops
- Be practical when making judgment, think if the benefit of the majority
- Be a good decision maker
- Learn basic first aid
Primary Role of a Tour Guide
- The tour guide makes or breaks the tour”
-A manager of a tour agency said, “Everything is useless in a tour without competent guides”
- Another tour operator said, “No other factor in a tour is as important as an efficient guide”
-Maintaining control of a group
-Efficient getting people to as many sights as possible
-Representing a city in a favorable way
Although respondents differed in their views, all agreed :
1) that the guide’s role varies depending upon the setting, the visitor, the purpose of the visit and the guide himself
2) that one of the characteristics of a professional guide is the ability to carry out wide variety of duties and functions simultaneously
Five roles of Tour Guides “ Image is what your are perceived by others; Identity is what you are
1) The leader
- Majority of the employers of guides regard leadership as the most important aspect
- Several tour operators are often more concerned with a guide’s effectiveness with people and ability to lead groups rather than with the guide’s knowledge or experience
The leadership sphere of the guide includes the ff. components:
1) the instrumental components– navigating, providing special access, shepherding and maintaining control
2) the social components - tension management, integrating the group, keeping good humor and morale, and entertaining members of the tour
the guide as a leader must have SKILLS such as:
- Willingness to assume responsibility to organize
- Ability to organize and make wise decisions
- Strength to respond to emergencies
- Skill to coordinate many administrative task simultaneously
2) The educator
- Travel is powerful teacher
- Travel stimulates the exchange of knowledge
they must be proficient in many other subjects depending on the site or region
- They teach subjects within the cognitive, affective, and psychomotor aspects of learning.
Cognitive- acquiring information such as identifying the trees, birds, and flowers on particular region, and interpreting the local ecology.
Affective – includes attitude and value formation, interest, emotion, special perspective and insight
Psychomotor –learning to perform regional dances and to cook regional dishes
3) The Public Relation Representative
- Most difficult to aspect of a guide’s work.
- Tour guides are frequently called ambassadors because of the personal connections they create between places ad visitors
- The term ambassador is appropriate considering the diplomatic skills required of them
- A guide is expected to project a specific image or message to visitors and answer controversial questions.
4) The Host
- Hosts have many roles including those of companion, mediator, advocate, entertainer, concierge, storyteller and others
- Many guides, like comedians, measures the amount of laughter and applause they get to be the measure of their success
- Humor in travel is both instructive and satisfying and the ability to use it is a sign of a skilled communicator
- Furthermore, an understanding of cultural differences and variations of humor is essential
A good host:
-has the ability to create an environment which people feel comfortable and enjoy themselve
-sensitive to the needs of others
-knows when and how to changes the course of conversation or activity
-knows how to bring out the best in people
-extends help when needed
The most important element in the role of a host is a genuine interest in travelers.
5) The Conduit
- Channel or link
- Most powerful and long lasting
- They are the medium rather than the message
- Most intangible and most difficult to illustrate or teach
- It is very difficult to illustrate or to teach because it is the innate understanding of when to be silent, when to encourage, when to step back and when to move on.
Seven Sins of Service
- According to Karl Albrecht, the seven sins of service as applied to guiding are:
1) TREATING CUSTOMER WITH APATHY
2) BRUSHING CUSTOMERS OFF
3) BEING COLD TO CUSTOMER4) TREATING CUSTOMERS WITH CONDESCENSION
5) WORKING LIKE A ROBOT
6) GETTING HUNG UP ON THE RULE BOOK
7) GIVING CUSTOMERS THE “RUN-AROUND”
Qualities of an IDEAL Tour Guide
1. Enthusiasm- keen interest for the subject matter and travelers.
2. An outgoing and Approachable Nature- friendly, open in many types of situation, encourage others to do the same.
3.Self-confidence- self-esteem combined with experience.
4. A proactive nature- initiate change and the willingness to assume responsibility for initiating change.- guides are subject to challenging and unpredictable situations for which they must find quick solutions.
Sensitivity- compassionate, respectful, tactful, and observant. Sensitive to the needs of tourists.
6. Flexibility- Adaptable and patient.
7. Authenticity- Genuineness and honesty. Tourist trust guides who are honest and sincere.
8. A PLEASANT, PROFESSIONAL Appearance- First impression are often lasting and are frequently based on one’s physical appearance.
9. Sense of Humor- Can bring people closer together, put them at ease and help make travel enjoyable instead of stressful and unpleasant.
10. KNOWLEDGE- Several Programs are available on such relevant topics as the travel industry, cross cultural understanding, speaking techniques and marketing.
11. Good COMMUNICATIONS Skills- includes: articulation, eye contact, gestures, and a clear pleasant speaking voice.
12. ORGANIZATION- Time management and Organizational skills.
-: instructions, maps, appointment and confirmation letters, pax info, confirm reservation, coordinate routes w drivers, update agencies about tour’s status
13. DECISIVENESS- Make quick decisions.
- Difficult decisions: involve spending company’s money or CHANGING an itinerary.
14. GOOD HEALTH- requires plenty of energy and flexibility.
15. PERSONAL Integrity- Have moral responsibility to themselves, their employers, colleagues, travelers and even to their regions.
16. CHARISMA- “ personal magic of leadership arousing popular loyalty or enthusiasm.”
How to Make Commentary
- Effective Commentary requires audience analysis and visitors expectations
- Factors to consider in analyzing the audience:
- Nationality and country of origin
- Age and sex
- Socio-economic grouping and education
- Financial resources
- Special interest
- How long is their visit?
- Have they been here before?
- How much do they already know?
- Where else have they been?
- Where else are they going?
- Some of these information can be obtained:
- At the time of booking
- From the tour manager (background info)
- Visitors-best source of info
Effective Commentary is TWO-WAY CLIENT EXPECTATION
Information should be delivered in an entertaining manner – information is made up of a series of data
Above all data must be:
- Selective and relevant both to the tour and client
- Above all objectives
Effective commentary is a TWO-WAY GUIDE INTENTIONS
- There should be also a hidden agenda
- Promote hometown, country.. (please come back….)
- Dispel misconception
- Involve the tour participants
Steps on how to make a commentary
- Begin with a smile, greeting and introduction
- Brief the guests about the tour for the day
- Review the inclusions and exclusions of the tour
- Give the distance and traveling time of the destination
- What to expect from the tour
- Give necessary precautions
- Do not miss to point important landmarks along the way
- Announce comfort stops
- Always do the head count
Tips for an effective tour commentary
Start with a greeting or introduction
Information should be delivered in a manner that would interest the guests
Sense of humor should be part of the delivery of information
Remember, commentaries help people understand and appreciate what they actually see
- Start with a greeting or introduction
- Information should be delivered in a manner that would interest the guests
- Sense of humor should be part of the delivery of information
- Remember, commentaries help people understand and appreciate what they actually see
- Use synonyms, example in explaining something
- When mentioning a name, repeat it or spell it
- Maintain silence, if the need arises
- Listen carefully to questions and other concerns
- Never argue with the guests
- End your tour always by thanking the guests
-Face the group, not a few
-Speak slowly and clearly
-Voice should be audible
-Practice eye contact
-Prepare yourself for questions to be asked
-Take control of your breathing and emphasize important words
Guides must have:
1.Come From Diff. countries:
- diverse in taste, behavior and values
- Develop a deeper understanding of various countries and cultures
2. Are exposed to other cultures thru T.V. movies, videos, travel
- Be able to provide a broader, more cosmopolitan perspective.
3. Now have traveled more than previous generations, they may be more discriminating and demanding about the level of service and care they receive
4. Increased demands on time, travelers may wish to see more in less time.
- there are other travelers who prefer in-depth, slower-paced excursions, such as: Archaeological tours or wildlife photography tours.
5. Traveled to popular regions will be more interested in usual places
- The future will demand that guides specialize in a wide variety of areas such as nature, architecture, foreign and sign languages
- Guides in rural areas will be given more opportunities
Working with different age group
- As many sites and cities around the world provide ideal learning environment for children of all ages-for some guides,
- They are the most difficult to guide
- CHALLENGES: in terms of Discipline, motivation, and interest level.
- Tours designed to have longer hours
- Guides: Skillful and use creative techniques
- favorite age group of guides
- The ff. tips can help guides develop rapport and maintain cohesiveness and order:
1. Allow extra time for the tour as many activities will take longer, such as getting on and off a motor coach, eating and walking anywhere.
2. Pause frequently and make several short stops on walking tours.
- The ff. tips can help guides develop rapport and maintain cohesiveness and order:
3. Be particularly attentive to fatigue or any sign of stress or illness.
4. Pay close attention to special medical problems or difficulties and pay attention to their status.
5. Always repeat instructions, esp. meeting times.
Working w/ “DIFFICULT” People
- Meet tourists who:
- Complain, late and those who dominate others.
- Poor behavior handled with compassion and reason can be converted to model behavior.
- It is the guide who is largely responsible for the ambiance of a tour.
- Create an atmosphere of harmony and mutual trust.
Working w/ “DIFFICULT” People
- In the first meeting,
visitors will scrutinize
the guide for signs
About his attitude, personality, capability
and other indications about the kind of
experience they will have .
- If such scrutiny is disheartening, guides
Should note the FF:
1. People Travel on tours to enjoy Themselves.
2. Most people would like to see the guide succeed.
3. No one expects perfection.
Establishing Rapport and Cohesiveness
Rapport- “ sympathetic relationship and mutual trust.
Based on the premise that people perceive primarily on one of three ways: - Visually, Auditory, and kinesthetically.
1. The Following Tips can help guides develop rapport and maintain cohesiveness and order:
Be prepared- Guides: mastery of his subject.
- Travelers will respect a guide who knows his subject very well.
2. Adopt an Attitude of Friendliness and take responsibilities for creating and maintaining harmony.
3. Let visitors know that their enjoyment is of primary concern.
4. Respect of others and be a careful, concerned listener.
5. Give Clear Instructions.
6. Don’t Give Ultimatums that cannot or will not be enforced.- It should not be done w/ out considerable warning and care.
7. Follow through on promises- not to mention places and events that passengers may not be able to see.
8. Avoid Playing Favorites.
9. Exemplify the desired behavior.
- Guides should possess the traits of a model traveler such as arriving early for every departure, avoiding gossip, not telling or laughing at insensitive jokes, not talking while others are talking.
Working under DIFFICULT Circumstances
- The most difficult circumstances are those involving safety such as medical emergencies and motor coaches breakdowns.
- Most of the problems involve personalities.
- The most common situation: complaints about some aspect of the tour.
- Handling complaints requires patience and Diplomacy.
- They must speak on behalf of the company.
- Customer Complaints, Guides should ask themselves these Questions:
1. What exactly is the complaint?
2. Is the guest’s complaint valid?
3. Can the situation be resolved easily?
*** Finally, in all cases of visitors’ complaints or problems- guide should document the situation and report it to tour company.
Dealing w/ Habitually Late Pax
- Habitually Late Passengers- are common problem to tour guides.
- Late coming: shows lack of Courtesy and When the schedule of several people are affected
- Guide : needs to establish firm policies on punctuality.
Dealing w/ Difficult Questions
- More Experienced Guide- Welcomes Questions, esp. Challenging One.
- New Tour Guide- Often fear questions
1. For w/c a guide does not have an answer.
“ I don’t know but I’ll find out.”
***Guide can use free time to look up the answer
“ I don’t know, Does anyone else know?
*** this will give chance for others to participate.
2. Whose answers are controversial.
( About Politics, Religion, local scandals, or pending criminal cases)
“That’s being debated here. Some feel… and others believe…
*** Another Tactic is to return the question: “ What do you think”- This will end the discussion.
*** Invite other opinion & people enjoy giving opinions.
“ I don’t discuss my political views”
3. That are too personal
( Questions that are very personal that no one should be asking and no one is obliged to answer.
How much money do you make?
Why don’t you have any BF?
*** Children often ask very personal question.
Soln. to personal questions is to respond w a depersonalized answer. Or “ I prefer not to answer that”
4. That shed an unfavorable light on the guide or some aspect of the region.
*** When a guide is asked a difficult question he or she should not ignore the question but instead acknowledge it and stress the positive points.
“ When asked how they can tolerate the high humidity of a certain region= some guides will point the lush and green environment of the region.
Complicated question or one that is not interesting to everyone
*** Divert the question to later time.
“ Maybe we can spare a few miin. Later to talk about that”
*** In the summary, the FF. FACTORS are helpful in answering questions:
1. Welcome Questions
2. Be gracious, even when the question is “ difficult”
3. Never regard a question as stupid or trivial.
4. Never feel obliged to answer personal questions.
5. Acknowledge a controversial question, then move on to positive points.
6. Use humor when appropriate.
- The ff. are the guidelines that may help those in the service industry develop a multicultural perspective
1) Learn about the people and the cultures of the world
3) Learn a language
4) Participate in specialized cross-cultural training
- The ff. basic guidelines are recommended by cross cultural counselors for those who work with different cultures and languages:
1.Speak slowly and distinctly until the level if understanding is established.
2. Pay attention to voice volume.
3. Encourage listeners to question what they do not understand or interrupt if they need to have something repeated
4. Encourage and reassure visitors in their use of the language
5. Be patient
6. Speak in terms of positives rather tan negatives.
7. In case an interpreter is present, talk to the listener not to the interpreter.
Qualities of a Successful Speaker
- Be prepared-
- Preparation is not to be confused w memorization of speeches wc is the usual habit of many guides.
- Thorough preparation increases a speaker’s confidence and make sure that he is comfortable w the subject.
- To have sincere desire and interest to share a subject w the group.
- Experience will definitely help develop confidence in speaking.
Includes- Postures, movement, gestures, eye contact and dress
Listeners will believe what they see rather than what they hear.
- Shows much about a person’s self-esteem, health and level of interest in his surroundings.
- Tense: stiff posture is as un-appealing as a slouched posture.
- Ideal Posture: Erect but relaxed
-Advantages of Good Posture: efficient breathing, better health and appearance, increased energy and a stronger, clearer voice.
Body Movement and Gestures
- Gestures such as the movements of the body, face and hands are strong communication tools.
- Nervous Movement & Unnatural gestures- can diminish the trust people have in a guide.
- Repetitive Movements or Gestures: can be very distracting
- Hearing Impairments (mild, moderate, severe and profound)
HOW TO ENHANCE TOURS
- Always speak clearly and distinctly
- Do not speak while walking or when one’s back is turned
- Practice speaking using diaphragm muscles to create a lower and more resonant voice
- Stand in a well lighted area
- Be sure that the light does not come from behind as it will create a silhouette which will make lip reading very difficult
- Face the persons with hearing problems
- Repeat important info such as meeting times and changes in itinerary, can be done by group or individually
- With eyeglasses, contact lenses, lacks vision, blind person may travel with sighted person, cane or dog guide
How to enhance tours:
- Talk directly to the person
- Speak at a normal volume
- Offer assistance to whatever mobility device
- Include sensory experiences other than sight
- Use visual verbs like “see or look”
- Include touchable items on a tour
- Can be results of accidents, paralysis, strokes or diseases such as multiple sclerosis, muscular dystrophy, arthritis and cerebral palsy
How to enhance tours:
- Offer help directly to the person
- Allow extra time throughout the tour
- Be aware of the comfort level of PWDs
- In case they cannot go to the site, offer to take a picture with their camera or pick up a brochure or handbook
- ”silent disabilities”
- Perceptual handicaps, brain injury, minimal brain dysfunction, dyslexia, developmental aphasia
- Hyperactivity, inattention, lack of coordination, perceptual disorders and memory disorder
- How to enhance tours:
- Give clear overview of the tour
- For children with hyper/hypo activity, know what behavior is expected
- Repeat important or difficult ideas
- Always ask the group if they have questions
- Use different learning methods
- Involve a variety of senses
- Use a variety of approaches
- Domestic tourism
- Natural and man-made attractions
- Historical sites
- Events, fiestas
- National, local and regional boundaries
- Geography and topography
- Thinking and writing
- Delivery of commentary
- Verbal and non- verbal
- Inside the classroom
- Individual commentary-making
- Delivery of commentary
Actual tour to a destination
- Observation from a licensed, professional tour guide how to conduct a tour
- Critiquing based on tour guiding principles and techniques
- Tour to a destination with a prepared, memorized spiel or commentary on a chosen tourist attraction ( on the bus)
- Invite resource speaker, tour guide for additional hands-on lecture/presentation
- Mock and actual tour is required to complete the competencies of a tour guide

domain: travel


text:
WASHINGTON — The Food and Drug Administration approved two new products Wednesday designed to help deal with the consequences of terrorists using dirty bombs.
Don't miss these Health stories
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Rates of women who are opting for preventive mastectomies, such as Angeline Jolie, have increased by an estimated 50 percent in recent years, experts say. But many doctors are puzzled because the operation doesn't carry a 100 percent guarantee, it's major surgery -- and women have other options, from a once-a-day pill to careful monitoring.
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Acting FDA Commissioner Lester M. Crawford told The Associated Press that the products, to be available by prescription only, are designed to speed up elimination of radiation from the body.
Dirty bombs have become an increasing concern. Unlike warheads designed to kill and destroy through a huge nuclear blast and heat, so-called dirty bombs are radiation weapons. They would rely on conventional explosives to blow radioactive material far and wide. A successful bomb could make a section of a city uninhabitable for years.
The agency said the goal is to provide protection from both nuclear accidents and threats. It said the two drugs are safe and effective for treating contamination from the elements plutonium, americium or curium.
The FDA said that while these drugs have been in use on an experimental basis for several years, until this action there have been no approved drugs for treatment of internal contamination by the three radioactive elements.
Plutonium, americium or curium can enter the body through a variety of routes including ingestion, inhalation or direct contact through wounds. By removing them quickly the victim may avoid possible future effects including the development of certain cancers, which may occur years after exposure, FDA said.
- Penetate calcium trisodium injection, Ca-DTPA.
- Zinc trisodium injection, Zn-DTPA.
© 2013 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.

domain: medical


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text:
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RNC Chair Calls Harry Reid a 'Dirty Liar'
Watch Reince Priebus tell it like it is when it comes to Reid's accusations that Romney didn't pay taxes for the past 10 years.
Trending on Townhall Media
A Gaza Building Housing Media Outlets Was Destroyed by IDF. This is Why.
Anti-Israel protesters swarm a police car in California, things do not go well for them
Not Looking Good for Dems: Americans Deliver Brutally Honest Rejection of Kamala Harris
OUTRAGEOUS: Space Force Unit C.O. Relieved of Duty for Criticizing Marxism in the Military

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Dion is certainly one of those pieces.FRANCHISE LOW The Kings made only four free throws, tying their franchise record for fewest one game., that doesn’t mean he can’t be effective starter for a team, but I believe it take him some time to develop into a solid player as a pro.Trout reaches a milestone on his birthdayMike Trout celebrated his 26th birthday with his 1000th and 1001st hitshe doubled and scored the fourth and homered the sixthon Monday night against Baltimores Bundy.
When he went down it took the air out of us.That being said, he had four straight seasons with 10 or more wins heading into this disappointing year that has been plagued with injuries.The kid knows hockey and is one of the most exciting players to watch this .Conclusion Billings has quietly shot up the charts as one of the most intriguing defensive tackle prospects college football.
I mean, I think that’s one of strengths as a coach is developing players, giving them the tools to succeed: team them how to block, teach them how to become quicker and out of a cut – and that’s why we work the cone drills, and I know some of you that have been out there at practice seeing us work the cone drills, trying to get better at change of direction.said a statement that his indefinite leave will be used to focus on his personal affairs.It’s on me, Eflin said of Justin Coleman Jersey the loss.Would Karlsson sign that deal?
Although a number of them had scorched less than 100 acres, those smaller fires are contributing to the drain on critical resources, especially as firefighters from around the state and nation are being called to battle the big blazes.Omari Spellman flashed a high-energy brand of basketball that saw him finish Utah Jazz League tied for third rebounds per game , tied for fourth blocks per game , and tied for fourth steals per game .We’ll have some opportunities to do some things.These are the moments that you dream of, Lyles said.We were not quick enough, Vettel accepted.
He was three shots clear going into the final round at Pebble Beach 2010, and it disappeared with one funky lie that led to triple bogey on the second hole.He’s still allowed 15 goals over that period and isn’t much of a long-term fantasy option either.2017, Sports Group present the final 20 Monster Energy Nascar Cup Series races, the final 19 Nascar Xfinity Series events and select Nascar Regional & Touring Series events.But deGrom?
The Hoopers is a follow-up to State Farm’s Born to Assist multi-platform umbrella campaign, which ran for three seasons, and featured and his -lost twin, State Farm agent ; as well as Lillard, Curry, John Stockton and Bird, along with their respective faux twins.Stephenson picked up his second technical of http://www.authenticraptorstoreonline.com/Lucas_Nogueira_Jersey the series when he hit the head on a first-quarter drive.- D’Antoni said the word everyone was thinking after watching his team surrender shortly after halftime at Arena.State, which has attempted the most 3-pointers the nation, missed its first nine shots from beyond the arc.There’s no Hollywood him.
Even before the selections were made 2015’s draft, Eichel had the hockey world abuzz with anticipation.NEXT Georgia Southern returns home to face New Hampshire.Still, despite some critics seeing the Lightning dominate over Washington, Ovechkin said he and his team are ready to do whatever it takes to prove those critics wrong and move Lucas Nogueira Jersey forward.
After spending two seasons Germany, Greece and gaining experience playing the Eurocup, Baynes got back to the strongest European competition as a mature and a decisive player.
McDaniel Jr.Shanahan didn’t blame Griffin but did blame Snyder for creating an atmosphere that Shanahan did not believe was conducive to winning.I http://www.officialseahawkslockerroom.com/elite-justin-coleman-jersey follow the order of the first round of the NHL draft .There’s a reason for the order.After all, too many of us spend one leisure activity planning out our next leisure activity, thereby undermining our ability to enjoy what we’re doing.Jones’ ability to emerge as a legitimate threat go a way toward establishing the Falcons as a title contender.
Park then produced a contender for of the when he somehow ballooned over from three yards from substitute ‘s cross, although the referee blew for offside.


Samsung slides to the third position as Vivo moves to the second spot
Chinese brands share hit a record of 72% for 2019 compared to 60% in 2018
BBK-owned Vivo market share rose by 132% between Q4 2018 and Q4 2019
India recorded 158 Mn shipments in 2019 with 7% YoY growth. Amid the slow growth, India has managed to surpass the USA in Q4 2019, thereby becoming the second-largest smartphone market in the world.
According to Counterpoint’s Market Monitor report, this growth is attributed to the mid-tier segment where Chinese brands are aggressively introducing many premium-grade, feature phones and capabilities to capture demand coming from users to upgrade to latest models.
The report further said that the online ecommerce platforms like Flipkart and Amazon have helped these brands introduce products faster into the market.
Tarun Pathak, a senior analyst at Counterpoint, in a press statement, said that the emerging markets like India will fuel the demand to grow further due to the ongoing transition from feature phones to smartphones at an entry-level price. This is also creating huge competition among smartphone manufacturers in India, he added.
Chinese Brands Driving Indian Smartphone Market
The report said that the Chinese brands share hit a record of 72% for 2019 compared to 60% in 2018. In 2019, Chinese brands including Xiaomi, Realme and OnePlus increased their offline points of sale, while brands like Vivo have expanded their online reach with Z and U series, said Anshika Jain, research analyst at Counterpoint highlighting the growth of Chinese smartphone manufacturers in the country.
On the other hand, South Korea smartphone brand Samsung which was once leading the Indian smartphone market has witnessed a stagnant growth in sales. Vivo has surpassed Samsung to become the second-biggest smartphone manufacturer in India in Q4 2019. Xiaomi has been on the top of the leaderboard for the tenth consecutive quarter with over 27% of the market share.
The report also highlighted that Transsion Group-backed itel emerged as the number one feature phone brand in Q4 2019 followed by Samsung and Lava.
The Counterpoint report further stated that the BBK-owned Vivo market share has risen by 132% between Q4 of 2018 and Q4 of 2019. In addition to this, Oppo claimed the fifth spot and Realme witnessed a massive YoY growth of 255% due to its low-cost Android smartphones, both in online and offline channels.
Last year, experts had said that Samsung could resurface as the leader alongside other smartphone manufacturers such as BBK-owned Oppo, Vivo, Realme and OnePlus among others, dethroning Xiaomi.
However, Xiaomi recently announced that it will be investing $7.18 Bn in artificial intelligence (AI), 5G and IoT (Internet of Things) over the next five years. This move by the company looks to capture the smartphone market alongside expanding to other avenues to boost its brand presence across the globe.


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Sri Lanka’s cabinet ministers have offered resignation letters from their positions in response to calls from increasing protests amid economic instability and a severe fuel shortage in the South Asian country.
Government officials confirmed that all cabinet ministers had handed in their resignation letters, paving way for all political parties to form a new cabinet, following discussions held with Prime Minister, Mahinda Rajapaksa, on Sunday.
Officials said that Rajapaksa and the state ministers would, however, continue to work in their capacities.
The Prime Minister was expected to issue a special statement to the nation, and an invitation would be extended to political parties for joint efforts to form a new government.
Sri Lanka had, for days, seen protests urging the government to take measures immediately to solve hours-long power cut and fuel shortage or to resign.
The country had also suffered a shortage in essential supplies such as food and medicines and foreign currencies, with several sectors being affected as a result.
The police also said that a 36-hour curfew came into force on Saturday evening and was lifted early Monday in a bid to ensure law and order in the country.


|One woman said she was proud of her
scars – the “war wounds of life”.
In the UK, nearly 10,000 young women are diagnosed with breast cancer every year and the treatment for many is mastectomy – the surgical removal of one or more of their breasts. It’s easy to assume that the effect on their body image will be negative, and UK guidelines currently state that all mastectomy patients should be told about options for reconstructive surgery. However, a key message to emerge from a new survey of young women who have undergone mastectomy is that there is huge variability in how they are affected, and that any support therefore needs to be individualised.
Sarah Grogan and Jayne Mechan (the latter has a diagnosis of breast cancer) conducted an online survey of 49 women recruited via an online support network, all of whom had undergone unilateral or bilateral mastectomy before the age of 45. Analysing their answers, the researchers identified four main themes.
The first concerned the way the women spoke of how they’d initially downplayed worries of aesthetics because their priority was survival. They also distanced themselves from the affected parts of their breasts and objectified them: “The thing for me was just to remove the offending article”, “I just had a gut feeling that I wanted the whole thing taken …”.
Post-mastectomy, body confidence became an issue, but some coped better than others. “I have lost all self-confidence in my naked body,” said one woman. “Body image has never worried me. I am who I am and I don’t go out to impress people,” said another.
The third theme was “changed identity”. Some women described compensating for their changed appearance: “wearing skirts, more make-up”, said one. “I want my body to look and feel strong so am doing quite a lot of weight lifting to try and remove the feeling that my body was weak and failed me,” said another. Others described the difficulties of adjustment: “I feel like I don’t recognise myself anymore. I used to wear low cut tops and now I cover up.”
The final theme on the effects of cancer treatment, including scars, weight gain and early menopause also revealed a variety of experiences among the women. Some took a positive view: “My scars are my war wounds of life. … I’m proud of them”. Others described how they were more bothered by the overall changes to their appearance: “Do not feel great about body image at all. Have gained weight due to early menopause, think that bothers me more than my breasts”.
The researchers said their results suggested women undergoing mastectomy may benefit from interventions that include body acceptance techniques and advice on media literacy, to help them critique cultural pressure to be slender. Above all they said they were struck by the “variability of experience of women experiencing a relatively similar event.” They said this insight has implications for health professionals – “it is important [they] do not expect homogenous patterns of negative responses in women who have had mastectomies so that they are able to provide tailored support if and when needed.”
Grogan, S., & Mechan, J. (2016). Body image after mastectomy: A thematic analysis of younger womens written accounts Journal of Health Psychology DOI: 10.1177/1359105316630137
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Callum and Ava are being chased by bounty hunters across Carolina and Georgia in the last year of the American Civil War. They are riding a stolen black horse called Riever, foraging for food and taking shelter whenever they can, and dodging a number of dangerous characters.
“Dawn broke over the saw-toothed ridges to the east, the sky a featureless gray. Bursts of wind tore across the open meadow, rendered in waves of white mist-rain that cut through their coats and gloves. Mud caked them from head to foot. Their fingers were stiff, their hands palsied as they readied the saddle for the day’s ride.”
“Callum rode slumped in the saddle. Wet, cold. The sky crashed above them, thunder and the echo of thunder sounding through the valleys. The naked mangling of branches above them whirled and clattered, raftering the storm like the antlers of crazed beasts.”
“You like to think that people, in general, and I mean in the scale of generations, are learning from their mistakes, getting better. But with all I seen I don’t know I could believe that.”
“A scream woke them, curdling through the morning dark. They did not jolt or straighten, by instinct. The dead crackle of their bedding would betray them. Instead their eyes flicked wide at one another, pale halos at the whites.”~Quotes from “Fallen Land” by Taylor Brown
This story grabbed me from the first page, and kept me engrossed throughout. The building of tension as the chase continued made this book a real page-turner, and such vivid descriptions of the setting made it easy to picture the action. And the horse is a hero!
The opinion of others:
- Washington Independent Review of Books: “For a first-time novelist, the author demonstrates mastery of the ability to immerse readers in a setting and period. Brown set out to “interweave [the] characters’ story with the world as it was at that time,” and he nailed it.”
- Kirkus: “… this is American literature at its best, full of art and beauty and the exploration of all that is good and bad in the human spirit.”
- Historical Novel Society: “Despite the fact that this is Taylor Brown’s debut novel, the sophistication and maturity of the writing speak to the talents of an experienced writer. Though the pacing is halting at times, the narrative is compelling, and the prose is both evocative and literary in feel, despite being a shorter novel.”
Author: Taylor Brown
[…] Fallen Land, Taylor Brown. The building of tension as the chase continued made this book a real page-turner, and such vivid descriptions of the setting made it easy to picture the action. And the horse is a hero! […]

domain: artistic


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ZAPU leader Dumiso Dabengwa has expressed concern over the Zanu PF government’s rush to issue identification documents to children of Gukurahundi victims without investigating the causes of their parents’ death, saying the exercise was a ploy to destroy evidence of the mass killings.
By NQOBANI NDLOVU
Dabengwa told journalists last week that the government should first investigate and document the evidence to ensure birth certificates given to the survivors indicate the cause of death as Gukurahundi.
“This is a sensitive issue and there is need for transparency in the handling of this process,” he said.
“A haphazard approach of just dishing out birth certificates will create problems, especially if proper documentation processes, as prescribed in the Home Affairs Act, are not followed.”
Vice-President Phelekezela Mphoko recently launched a programme to issue birth certificates and identification documents to children whose parents were killed in the 1980s
The exercise, which was launched at Tshino Primary School in Tsholotsho, Matabeleland North province, came following reports that thousands of children, particularly in Matabeleland and Midlands provinces, were struggling to obtain the identification documents, as their parents were killed during the Gukurahundi era.
Mphoko, who recently stirred a hornet’s nest after he claimed that Gukurahundi was a Western conspiracy to tarnish President Robert Mugabe’s image, said the documentation exercise was necessary to put closure to the contentious issue.
“The documentation process should cover all the affected, that is the deceased, and the children of those who died,” Dabengwa said.
“Both need documentation, hence, the call to follow all the proper identification processes to accompany the documentation procedures.
“Death certificates have to be issued and, like birth certificates, the two documents should specifically denote the cause of death as Gukurahundi genocide to ensure the evidence or statistics of the mass killings is not lost or destroyed.”
Under the programme, the government is also constructing monuments on mass graves of the people who were killed.
This has, however, infuriated civic society groups, who argue the programme does not address the psychological effects on the massacres.
An estimated 20 000 civilians were killed during the State-sanctioned massacres, with Mugabe describing the era as a “moment of madness”. – NewsDay


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How Do You Look After Guinea Pigs In The Winter? Guinea pig winter guide: For guinea pigs, it’s better to keep them inside in winter, in a conservatory or unused garage. If your guinea pig needs to stay outside, help keep them snug as a bug in their hutch by covering the front with an old blanket or sacking and adding extra bedding.
How cold is too cold for guinea pigs? Your Guinea Pig’s Preferred Climate Some rodents, like ground squirrels or Eastern chipmunks, hibernate when the weather turns cold, but guinea pigs don’t. Instead, guinea pigs are most comfortable in air temperatures of about 65°F to 75°F. Anything below about 60°F is probably too cold for your pig.
Can guinea pigs be kept outside in winter? Yes, Guinea Pigs can live outside all year long, however, if you choose to keep your piggy outside during the winter, you must ensure his hutch is protected from the cold, wind and rain. Guinea Pigs are sensitive to extreme temperatures.
Table of Contents
- 1 Can guinea pigs stay outside all year round?
- 2 Should you cover a guinea pig’s cage at night?
- 3 What room temperature do guinea pigs need?
- 4 What bedding do you use for guinea pigs?
- 5 Can you put indoor guinea pigs outside?
- 6 Can guinea pigs play in snow?
- 7 Is it cruel to keep guinea pigs outside?
- 8 Can guinea pigs live in a shed?
Can guinea pigs stay outside all year round?
Yes, guinea pigs can live outdoors year-round. However, if you decide to let your pet outside during the winter, you need to ensure that its enclosure is protected from cold, wind, and rain.
Should you cover a guinea pig’s cage at night?
Covering a guinea pig’s cage at night will help them sleep, keep them warm, and avoid any fighting or unintended mating between two guinea pigs in a divided enclosure. On the downside, covering the guinea pig’s cage may cause stress and breathing problems.
What room temperature do guinea pigs need?
Here are some factors to consider: Temperature: The ideal temperature range for guinea pigs is approximately 65-75 degrees Fahrenheit. Guinea pig housing should be located away from strong heat sources such as direct sun, wood stoves, fireplaces and heating vents.
What bedding do you use for guinea pigs?
There are several types of bedding available for Guinea Pigs to nest in, including paper-based, fleece, wood, and hay. The best bedding for your Guinea Pig is either a paper or fleece based bedding.
Can you put indoor guinea pigs outside?
Guinea pigs can live indoors or outdoors, so long as they have enough space and you can keep them at a comfortable temperature in the summer heat or bad winter weather. You can also keep your guinea pigs in their own heated outhouse, a car-free garage or a shed.
Can guinea pigs play in snow?
Some guinea pigs can play outside in the snow Similar to a rabbit, a guinea pig can go out in the snow only if he’s already acclimated to cold temperatures. Domestic guinea pigs that live their entire lives indoors, however, become very sensitive to changes in the ambient temperature and strong currents of wind.
Is it cruel to keep guinea pigs outside?
Yes. Though if you make the decision to house them outdoors you’ll need to put lots of thought into making sure they’re safe. Guinea pigs are vulnerable to all extremes of weather (both very cold and very hot climates can be dangerous).
Can guinea pigs live in a shed?
Whatever hutch you choose, try to place it inside a shed or well ventilated out building with natural daylight. This will keep your guinea pigs safe from predators and warm in the winter. In fact, wooden Wendy Houses or garden sheds make an ideal home for your guinea pigs, especially if you have a group.

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