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683 F2d 1068 Crosby v. Bowling F
683 F.2d 1068
Lennie CROSBY, et al., Individually and on behalf of all
others similarly situated, Plaintiffs-Appellees,
William BOWLING and Arthur F. Quern, Defendants-Appellants.
United States Court of Appeals,
Argued March 29, 1982.
Decided July 20, 1982.
Val Gunnarsson, Asst. Atty. Gen., Springfield, Ill., for defendants-appellants.
Herbert Eastman, St. Cloud Area Legal Services, East St. Louis, Ill., for plaintiffs-appellees.
Before PELL, SPRECHER,* and CUDAHY, Circuit Judges.
PELL, Circuit Judge.
The defendants-appellants challenge a district court order awarding $18,439.50 in attorney's fees to the plaintiffs pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 1988 (1976). The fee award pertains to Crosby's class-action suit, brought pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 1983 (1976) challenging certain federal and Illinois regulations concerning the Work Incentive (WIN) program established pursuant to Title IV of the Social Security Act.1 That suit, which named both federal and state officials as defendants, resulted in issuance of a nation-wide permanent injunction against enforcement of the challenged regulations. The district judge found that no fees could be taxed against the federal defendants because of sovereign immunity, 28 U.S.C. § 2412 (1976); Adams v. Carlson, 521 F.2d 168, 169-71 (7th Cir. 1975).
The arguments raised by the state defendants in this appeal are: (1) that Crosby is not a "prevailing party" within the meaning of 42 U.S.C. § 1988 (1976); (2) that, in any event, Crosby did not prevail against the state defendants; (3) that "special circumstances" make a fee award against the state defendants unjust; and (4) that if the state defendants are liable for any fees, the award should be reduced to reflect their limited role in enforcing the regulations.
The federal WIN program was designed to structure state plans for aid to families with dependent children along lines envisioned by the Congress to be most beneficial to the needy and supportive of family stability. The program requires all able-bodied adults seeking aid to "register for manpower services, training and employment as provided by regulations of the (United States) Secretary of Labor ...." 42 U.S.C. § 602(a)(19)(A) (1976). Section 602(a)(19)(F), as originally enacted, further provided that "if and for so long as (an individual) has been found by the Secretary of Labor ... to have refused without good cause to participate under a work incentive program ... such individual's needs shall not be taken into account...." 42 U.S.C. § 602(a)(19)(F) (1976) (amended 1980) (emphasis added).2 The federal regulations challenged in Crosby's suit provided that any individual found to have refused to participate in the work requirements without good cause was to be denied benefits for a fixed period of ninety days. See 29 C.F.R. §§ 56.20, 56.51, and 56.77 (1978); 45 C.F.R. §§ 224.50, 224.51, and 225.77 (1978). The state regulations, promulgated and enforced by the state defendants, similarly provided for a fixed-period sanction.
Lennie Crosby, an Illinois resident, was a recipient of federal funds through the Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) Program administered by the Illinois Department of Public Aid. She registered, as she was required to do by 42 U.S.C. § 602(a)(19)(A) (1976), for manpower services under the WIN program in June, 1977.
Subsequently, Crosby was found to have refused without good cause to participate in the work program. She was notified that she would be deregistered from eligibility for AFDC funds for ninety days. Crosby then brought an action in the district court on behalf of herself and two classes of persons in forty-seven states. She claimed that the fixed-period sanctions prescribed by federal and state regulations were inconsistent with 42 U.S.C. § 602(a)(19)(F) (1976) (amended 1980) which provided for deregistration "for so long as" an individual refuses to participate without good cause in the work program.
On July 10, 1980, Judge Ackerman granted the plaintiffs' motion for summary judgment, finding the fixed-period sanctions invalid because they were in conflict with the express language of the statute. The district judge also found that the federal defendants were collaterally estopped from litigating the validity of the regulations because of a previous holding of invalidity in McLean v. Mathews, 458 F.Supp. 285, 288 (S.D.N.Y.1977). Judge Ackerman granted declaratory and injunctive relief against the state and federal defendants.
The appellees subsequently petitioned for attorney's fees pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 1988 (1976). On December 5, 1980, the court granted the petition in part. On March 6, 1981, the court vacated its December 5th order. The following June 10th, after the appellants conducted discovery and were accorded a hearing, Judge Ackerman reentered the order of December 5, 1980 in modified form. He allowed the appellees' supplemental petition for attorney's fees. The appellees requested a total of $30,527.80 in fees and the court awarded a total amount of $18,439.50.
II. PREVAILING PARTY
An award of attorney's fees can be ordered pursuant to section 1988 only if the court finds that the plaintiff was a "prevailing party." 42 U.S.C. § 1988 (1976); Maine v. Thiboutot, 448 U.S. 1, 9, 100 S.Ct. 2502, 2506, 65 L.Ed.2d 555 (1980). A two-part test is applied to determine whether one has prevailed. First, the plaintiff's lawsuit must be "causally linked to the achievement of the relief obtained." Harrington v. DeVito, 656 F.2d 264, 266 (7th Cir. 1981). Second, the defendant must not have acted gratuitously in response to a frivolous or legally insignificant claim. Id. The appellants' argument against the appropriateness of a fee award in this case does not focus primarily on application of this test; rather, the state defendants rely on the Congressional purpose underlying section 1988.
A. Did the Plaintiffs Prevail Within the Meaning of Section 1988?
The legislative history of section 1988 states that the purpose of the fee provision is to give private citizens "a meaningful opportunity to vindicate the important Congressional policies which (civil rights laws) contain." S.Rep.No.1011, 94th Cong., 2d Sess. 2 (1976), reprinted in (1976) U.S.Code Cong. & Ad. News 5908, 5910. The appellants pose two arguments relating to this language: (1) that the appellees did not vindicate a Congressional policy, and (2) at most, the policy vindicated by the plaintiffs was not one of high priority.
The appellants rely heavily on the fact that Congress has amended section 602(a)(19)(F) so as to permit deregistration of an individual who refuses without good cause to participate in a WIN program "for such period as is prescribed under joint regulations of the Secretary and the Secretary of Labor." Act of June 9, 1980, Pub.L.No.96-265, 401, 94 Stat. 461 (1980) (codified at 42 U.S.C.A. § 602(a)(19)(F) (Cum.Supp.1981)). The fixed-period sanction found invalid in this suit would therefore be permissible under the amended statutory language. The state defendants argue that this amendment merely clarified the original intent of Congress in enacting 42 U.S.C. § 602(a) (19)(F) (1976) (amended 1980). If Congress meant to permit such sanctions, the appellees cannot be said to have "vindicate(d)... important Congressional policies," S.Rep.No.1011, 94th Cong., 2d Sess. 2 (1976), reprinted in (1976) U.S.Code Cong. & Ad. News 5908, 5910; rather, they merely proved that a technical inconsistency between the statutory language and the regulations existed.
The second point urged by the appellants, on the authority of Naprstek v. City of Norwich, 433 F.Supp. 1369 (N.D.N.Y.1977), also relies on the amendment of section 602(a)(19)(F). If Congress originally intended to preclude fixed-period sanctions, as the court below concluded, this policy could not have been one of high priority or Congress would not have acted so promptly to amend the statutory language.
We are not persuaded by these arguments. First, the legislative history of the amendment to section 602(a)(19)(F) suggests that Congress viewed the amendment as a change in law rather than as a clarification. Senate Report No. 408, 96th Cong., 2d Sess. 6 (1979), reprinted in (1980) U.S. Code Cong. & Ad. News 1277, 1285, states that the amendment would "authorize the Secretaries of Labor and Health, Education, and Welfare to establish the period of time during which an individual will continue to be ineligible for assistance in the case of a refusal without good cause to participate in a WIN program" (emphasis added). The Senators' choice of the word "authorize" is significant because the Report utilizes the term "clarify" in the following sentence: "The amendment would also clarify the treatment of earned income derived from public service employment." Id. (emphasis added). The conclusion that Congress deliberately used the term "authorize" rather than "clarify" in discussing the permissible sanctions is furthered by language used later in the Report which states the Congress' "belie(f) that the present statutory requirements should be strengthened in such a way as to provide additional encouragement for welfare recipients to move into employment." Id. at 63, reprinted in (1980) U.S.Code Cong. & Ad.News 1277, 1341 (emphasis added). We cannot accept the appellants' argument that the amendment to section 602(a)(19)(F) was merely a clarification of prior Congressional intent in light of this specific reference to "strengthening" the statutory requirements so as to provide "additional" incentives for aid recipients to accept employment.
Second, we do not read Naprstek v. City of Norwich, 433 F.Supp. 1369 (N.D.N.Y.1977), as holding that the plaintiffs in that case were other than prevailing parties. Although the opinion is perhaps less explicit than it might be, we believe that the district court for the Northern District of New York found that special circumstances present in Naprstek would make a fee award to the prevailing parties unjust. Id. at 1370. Even if Naprstek does stand for the proposition urged by the appellants, it is readily distinguishable from the instant case. The plaintiffs in Naprstek contended that a local juvenile curfew ordinance was unconstitutionally vague because it failed to specify a termination time. The court found that the challenged ordinance was rarely enforced and noted that the constitutional power of a municipality to enact a properly worded curfew was established. Id. Further, counsel for the municipality had indicated their willingness to meet with the plaintiffs' attorneys to discuss redrafting the ordinance but their offer had been refused by the plaintiffs.
In contrast to the facts of Naprstek, the fixed-period sanctions challenged by Crosby's class-action suit were enforced and there is no evidence whatsoever that either federal or state officials were willing to desist from the practice absent a judicial order so requiring. These facts also demonstrate that this case fulfills both parts of the test enunciated by this court for determining whether a plaintiff is a prevailing party. See Harrington v. DeVito, 656 F.2d 264, 266 (7th Cir. 1981). The plaintiffs' claim was a legally significant one and the relief obtained by the plaintiffs was a direct result of their lawsuit. We conclude that the district judge was correct in holding that the plaintiffs were prevailing parties.
B. Did the Plaintiffs Prevail as to the State Defendants ?
The second major argument posed by the state defendants is that if the plaintiffs have prevailed in their suit, they have done so only as to the federal defendants. The appellants urge that they had no choice but to conform the state regulations to the standard mandated by the federal rulemakers because to have done otherwise would have jeopardized the funding of the entire AFDC program in Illinois. See 42 U.S.C. § 602(a)(19)(F) (1976). Further, the state defendants maintain that the summary judgment entered against the federal defendants was sufficient to provide the plaintiff class full relief and the order against the state defendants was "mere surplusage."
The appellants overlook several facts. The federal regulations mandating fixed-period sanctions were first declared invalid on June 23, 1977, in McClean v. Mathews, 458 F.Supp. 285, 288 (S.D.N.Y.1977). The Illinois defendants continued, however, to enforce such sanctions against state AFDC recipients who declined to participate in the WIN program. Second, the state defendants actively participated in all phases of the case at bar. Their opposition to both certification of the class and the issuance of a preliminary injunction is inconsistent with the passive role which they now attribute to themselves.
We conclude therefore that the plaintiff class "prevailed," within the meaning of 42 U.S.C. § 1988 (1976), as to both the federal and state defendants.
III. SPECIAL CIRCUMSTANCES
The appellants correctly note that "special circumstances" may militate against an award of fees to a prevailing party. In Newman v. Piggie Park Enterprises, Inc., 390 U.S. 400, 402, 88 S.Ct. 964, 966, 19 L.Ed.2d 1263 (1968) (per curiam), the Supreme Court stated that "one who succeeds in obtaining an injunction under (Title II) should ordinarily recover an attorney's fee unless special circumstances would render such an award unjust." The state defendants contend that two such circumstances preclude a fee award in this case: (1) they were "coerced by the power and authority" of the federal defendants into adopting fixed-period sanctions, and (2) the state regulations were actually in accord with Congressional intent.
In evaluating the appellants' arguments, we must bear in mind that the burden of demonstrating the existence of special circumstances is on the defendant. Williams v. Miller, 620 F.2d 199, 202 (8th Cir. 1980); Mid-Hudson Legal Services, Inc. v. G & U, Inc., 578 F.2d 34, 38 (2d Cir. 1978). Further, the "special circumstances" limitation of section 1988 is applicable only to unusual cases. See Riddell v. National Democratic Party, 624 F.2d 539, 544-45 (5th Cir. 1980).
A. Coercion by Federal Defendants
The basis of the alleged coercion is federal control over AFDC funds. 42 U.S.C. § 601 (1976). The appellants maintain that a failure to enforce fixed-period sanctions against AFDC recipients who failed to participate in the WIN program would have resulted in the State's losing the federal dollars that funded the programs.
We start with the recognition that there is authority indicating the propriety of a fee award, pursuant to section 1988, against state defendants who have acted pursuant to an invalid federal regulation. In Tongol v. Usery, 601 F.2d 1091 (9th Cir. 1979), the plaintiffs challenged federal regulation 20 C.F.R. § 618.15 (1975), which required states to recoup overpayments in Federal Supplemental Benefits despite state laws that provided for waiver of recovery of such overpayments. The district judge held the regulation to be inconsistent with the legislative purpose of the Emergency Unemployment Compensation Act and this aspect of his opinion was affirmed by the Ninth Circuit. The district judge had not awarded attorney's fees to the plaintiffs, however, because he found that they had failed to state a claim pursuant to section 1983. Id. at 1097. Holding that a claim had been stated under that section, the court of appeals ruled that the district court had discretion to award fees and remanded the case. The court gave no indication whatsoever that the limited enforcement role played by state officials would constitute a special circumstance militating against a fee award.
In Supreme Court of Virginia v. Consumers Union of the United States, Inc., 446 U.S. 719, 100 S.Ct. 1967, 64 L.Ed.2d 641 (1980), the United States Supreme Court utilized language suggesting that fees can properly be taxed against those whose role is limited to enforcement of regulations that they had no role in promulgating. In that case the plaintiffs had succeeded in their section 1983 challenge to particular provisions of the Virginia State Bar Code. The Virginia Supreme Court was responsible for propounding the Code. That court also had independent authority to enforce the Code. The State Bar had previously recommended that the court amend the provisions of the Code that were challenged by the Consumers Union, but the court had failed to do so. The district court taxed the plaintiffs' award of attorney's fees, pursuant to section 1988, against the court and its chief justice. No fees were taxed against the State Bar, however, because of its attempt to persuade the court to amend the provision.
The United States Supreme Court held that legislative immunity precluded a fee award against the court that was premised on its failure to exercise its rulemaking authority. Id. at 739, 100 S.Ct. at 1978. In vacating the fee award and remanding for further proceedings, the Court stated:
This is not to say that absent some special circumstances in addition to what is disclosed in this record, a fee award should not have been made in this case. We are not convinced that it would be unfair to award fees against the State Bar, which by statute is designed as an administrative agency to help enforce the State Bar Code. Fee awards against enforcement officials are run-of-the-mill occurrences, even though, on occasion, had a state legislature acted or reacted in a different or more timely manner, there would have been no need for a lawsuit or an injunction.
Id. Although Consumers Union did not involve state officials charged with enforcing federal regulations, we think that the Supreme Court's analysis supports our conclusion that state officials can be charged with fees despite the fact that they acted in response to a federal regulation.
The conclusion that the state defendants could be held responsible for attorney's fees in this case does not, of course, fully resolve whether they should be. We are not persuaded by the appellants' economic coercion argument, however, because there is no evidence in the record that the state defendants even considered how they might avoid this alleged coercion. The appellants could have heeded the statutory language and, if the federal authorities actually threatened to terminate AFDC funding for failure to comply with the federal regulations, proceeded administratively, see 45 C.F.R. Part 213. Alternatively, the state defendants could have sought a declaratory judgment as to the validity of the fixed-period sanctions. Smith v. Puett, 506 F.Supp. 134, 146 (M.D.Tenn.1980). The record does not indicate other than that the state defendants willingly acquiesced in imposition of the fixed-period sanctions. We cannot conclude, therefore, that they were victims of coercion.
B. Intent of Congress
The appellants urge that the consistency between the fixed-period sanctions and the amended version of section 602(a)(19)(F), 42 U.S.C.A. § 602(a)(19)(F) (Cum.Supp.1981), is a special circumstance making a fee award unjust. Because we are not persuaded that the amendment reflects the intent of the Congress that enacted the original version of section 602(a)(19)(F), see Section II(A) supra, we find no merit to this argument.
C. Other Special Circumstances
The state defendants rely on several cases in support of their argument that special circumstances preclude an award of fees in this case. None of these cases directly supports the specific "special circumstances" arguments discussed above. We have therefore reserved discussion of these authorities to this point.
The appellants assert that their role in the present case is analogous to that of amici curiae and rely on Northcross v. Board of Education of Memphis City Schools, 611 F.2d 624 (6th Cir. 1979), cert. denied, 447 U.S. 911, 100 S.Ct. 2999, 64 L.Ed.2d 862 (1980), for the proposition that fees are therefore inappropriate. The state defendants appear to overlook the fact that they were named parties to Crosby's suit and that relief was granted against them. As noted in Section II(B), supra, the appellants took an active role in litigating this case at the district court level. Because we do not find the state defendants' role in this case to be analogous to that of amici curiae, the Northcross case is inapposite.
The other cases on which the appellants rely are readily distinguishable. First, we note that the state defendants cite only one case, Bibb v. Montgomery County Jail Officials, 622 F.2d 116 (5th Cir. 1980), in which a court of appeals found that the district court had abused its discretion regarding an award of attorney's fees. The Bibb court did not hold, however, that special circumstances precluded an award of attorney's fees to the plaintiffs; rather, the Fifth Circuit held that the district court erred in taxing the state defendants with the entire award when many of the conditions of which the plaintiffs complained were attributable only to the county defendants. The Fifth Circuit remanded the case in order for the district court to attribute some portion of the fees to these county officials.
By contrast, the state defendants in the instant case were directly responsible for enforcement of the state regulations of which the plaintiffs complained. Further, because there is no clear authority for imposing fees on the federal defendants, we are asked to deny the plaintiffs any award pursuant to section 1988.
As noted above, none of the three other cases on which the appellants rely, Chastang v. Flynn & Emrich Co., 541 F.2d 1040 (4th Cir. 1976); Entertainment Concepts, III, Inc. v. Maciejewski, 514 F.Supp. 1378 (N.D.Ill.1981); Bush v. Bays, 463 F.Supp. 59 (E.D.Va.1978), holds that the district judge abused his discretion in awarding or denying fees to a prevailing plaintiff. Further, the Fourth Circuit in Chastang and the district court in Bush both found that the defendants had acted promptly to comply with the law as soon as the law had been clarified. Chastang, 541 F.2d at 1045; Bush, 463 F.Supp. at 66. By contrast, the state defendants in the instant suit did not abandon fixed-period sanctions following the decision in McLean v. Mathews, 458 F.Supp. 285 (S.D.N.Y.1977), which declared such sanctions invalid. Although McLean clearly was not binding on the Illinois state officials, it did provide some clarification of the law.
None of the "special circumstances" cases cited by the appellants persuades us that an award of attorney's fees, taxable to the state defendants, is unjust in the present case. We therefore turn to the final argument on which the appellants rely.
The appellants urge that the district judge thought that the attorney's fees should be awarded jointly and severally against the state and federal defendants but believed himself precluded from so ordering. Essentially they argue that it is unfair for the state defendants to be charged with the entire fee award when, in their view, the greater portion of the "blame" lies with the federal defendants.
We note that the Equal Access to Justice Act, Pub.L.No.96-481, 94 Stat. 2325 (1980), would allow fees to be assessed against the federal defendants had this case been pending on October 1, 1981.3 Although we express no view as to whether this case could be brought within the strictures of that Act, we note that the state defendants have apparently not explored this option at any length. Second, this circuit has yet to establish a rule on the question of federal liability under section 1988 relevant to those cases not within the ambit of the Equal Access to Justice Act. Although the weight of authority has denied such liability, see, e.g., Shannon v. United States Department of HUD, 577 F.2d 854 (3d Cir. 1978), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 1002, 99 S.Ct. 611, 58 L.Ed.2d 677 the dissent of Chief Judge Wright in NAACP v. Civiletti, 609 F.2d 514, 521-31 (D.C.Cir.1979), cert. denied, 447 U.S. 922, 100 S.Ct. 3012, 65 L.Ed.2d 1114 (1980), would provide the basis for an argument in favor of federal liability. We, of course, express no view as to whether such an argument would prevail. We merely note that such an approach might have been pursued by the state defendants and was not. Instead, the state defendants claim that the plaintiffs should bear their own fees because the "blame" rests with the federal defendants. In our view, this is completely inconsistent with the purposes of the section 1988 provision for an award of attorney's fees to a prevailing party. We conclude, therefore, that there exist no "special circumstances" making an award of fees unjust in this case.
IV. APPORTIONMENT OF THE AWARD
The final argument posed by the state defendants is that the fee award taxed against them should be reduced to reflect their limited role in enforcing the invalid fixed-period sanctions. Our review of Judge Ackerman's order of December 5, 1980, suggests, however, that the district court considered the roles played by the federal and state defendants, respectively, in setting the amount of the fee award. The December 5th order noted both that the federal defendants were responsible for the initial promulgation of fixed-period sanctions and that Congress subsequently amended section 602(a)(19)(F). The district judge then stated that "because of the special circumstances described above, it would be unjust to force the state defendants to bear the entire burden of such an award." Although the judge referred in the same paragraph to twelve "factors" on which he relied in determining the appropriate fee award, see Hampton v. Hanrahan, 600 F.2d 600, 643 (7th Cir. 1979) (adopting the standards delineated in Johnson v. Georgia Highway Express, Inc., 488 F.2d 714, 717-19 (5th Cir. 1974)), modified, 446 U.S. 754, 100 S.Ct. 1987, 64 L.Ed.2d 670 (1980), we conclude that he also gave due consideration to the degrees of liability attributable to the two classes of defendants.
This conclusion is reinforced by the fact that the district judge vacated his order of December 5th on March 6, 1981. The appellants had an opportunity to conduct discovery and were afforded a hearing by the district judge before he entered the final order pertaining to attorney's fees on June 10, 1981. The total fees awarded were approximately sixty percent of the amount requested by the plaintiffs' attorneys. We find no abuse of discretion in the amount of the final award or in the method by which Judge Ackerman arrived at that amount.
Having concluded that the plaintiffs were "prevailing parties" within the meaning of 42 U.S.C. § 1988 (1976), that no special circumstances making an award of attorney's fees unjust are present in this case, and that the district judge did not err in the amount of fees he taxed against the state defendants, the order of the district court is hereby
Circuit Judge Robert A. Sprecher was assigned to the panel to hear oral argument in this case. He had read the briefs prior to oral argument but was unable to be present at the argument and did not participate thereafter in the decision of the case because of his failing health and subsequent death on May 15, 1982
See 42 U.S.C. §§ 601-644 (1976)
The Act of June 9, 1980, Pub.L.No.96-265, 94 Stat. 461 (1980), amended section 602(a)(19)(F) by substituting "(and for such period as is prescribed under joint regulations of the Secretary and the Secretary of Labor)" for the phrase italicized above. 42 U.S.C.A. § 602(a)(19)(F) (Cum.Supp.1981). This amendment is pertinent to the appellants' arguments that the plaintiffs are not prevailing parties, see Section II, infra, and that special circumstances make a fee award inappropriate in this case, see Section III, infra
At oral argument before this court, the appellee argued forcefully that this case would not allow a recovery of fees pursuant to the Equal Access to Justice Act because (1) it was not pending on October 1, 1981; (2) no application was made within 30 days of final judgment; and (3) the Act is subject to a strict construction

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Shakespeare quote - this one is for my baby girl, Evelyn :)
This would be a great quote for a little girls room
Shakespeare quote: this might be my little girl :)
Tattoo idea? - midsummer night's dream...
As a tattoo -midsummer night's dream
Happines, Harrypotter, Hp Quote, Favorite Quotes, Albus Dumbledore, Harry Potter Quotes, Light Switches, Wise Words, Dumbledore Quote
I would have a thousand Harry Potter quotes on my wall if I could. My ceiling is tall enough. [ ] to cover my walls with hp quotes
Albus Dumbledore. yes, I will have this by a light switch in my house.
My all-time favorite quote. Albus Dumbledore. Harry Potter.
HP quote -- to be painted near a light switch, good idea!
this is my absolute FAVORITE Albus Dumbledore quote!!!<3
Harry Potter quotes. Albus Dumbledore.
The wise words of albus dumbledore
happines harry potter
Sirius Black <3
Quotes Inspirational, Famous Quotes, Sirius Quote, Inspirational Quotes, Hp Quote, Gary Oldman Quotes, Darkness Quotes, Favorite Quotes, Harry Potter Quotes
"We've all got both light and dark inside us. What matters is the part we choose to act on. That's who we REALLY ARE" - Sirius Black ~ Harry Potter quote page August 2 in JOURNEY TO AUTHENTICITY
Sirius#Famous Quotes #Quotes #Inspirational quotes| http://inspirationquotes28.blogspot.com
Sirius#Quotes #Famous Quotes #Inspiration quotes #Inspirational quotes #Motivation quotes
Sirius, this will always be one of my favorite quotes!
Sirius#Motivation quotes #Inspiration quotes
one of my favorite quotes from the books!
favorite HP quote.
Winston Churchill quote . . . I've been okay with knowing not everybody likes me ever since I came to the realisation that everyone is entitled to their own opinion. By confirming this in others it confirms and validates that my own opinions are equally valid . . . and I don't permit others to run rough-shod over me.
Winston Churchill quote
Remember This, You Ve Stood, Well Said, Churchill Quotes, So True, Quotes Sayings, Favorite Quotes, Stand Up, Winston Churchill
Winston Churchill quote . . . I've been okay with knowing not everybody likes me ever since I came to the realisation that everyone is entitled to their own opinion. By confirming this in others it confirms and validates that my own opinions are equally valid . . . and I don't permit others to run rough-shod over me. WOW. Need to remember this!!
Winston Churchill quote. I stand up for what I believe in, for my children, my husband, my country and of course my God.
Winston Churchill quote- I loveeeee this!!! I think I stand up too much lol-not saying I have enemies well I'm sure I do lol-kris
Winston Churchill quote, very fitting for me right now. Done not standing up for myself.
SOme of my favorite quotes are from Winston Churchill. And this is one of them.
This is my life! So true and no regrets! Winston Churchill quote
stand up for something Winston Churchill Quote
Winston Churchill quote gotta remember this
Well said Churchill, well said.
Books Movies Quotes, Harrypotter, Quotes Movies Books Words, Inspirational Quotes, Quotes Thoughts, Albus Dumbledore, Harry Potter Quotes, Dumbledore Quote
"In dreams we enter a world that's entirely our own." - Albus Dumbledore
Summer Sale Harry Potter Vinyl Wall Quote In dreams by MommyofTy
Dreams -- Albus Dumbledore. I've always loved this quote.
Harry Potter quote--this would make an awesome tattoo
Harry Potter quote - would be cute above the crib
Harry Potter. #harry-potter #quote #dumbledore
Possible Bedroom Wall Quote
Albus Dumbledore quote!
I love #harrypotter
Solemnly Swear, Favorite Quote, Mischief Managed, So True, Hp Quote, Albus Dumbledore, Harry Potter Quotes, Dumbledore Quote
We’ve listed some of our very favorite quotes from the entire Harry Potter series: HARRY POTTER QUOTES: Where your treasure is, there will your heart be also. Description from thefemalecelebrity.com. I searched for this on bing.com/images
"It matters not what someone is born, but what they grow to be." -Albus Dumbledore #quote #harry #potter
Albus Dumbledore quote "It matters not what someone is born, but what they grow to be" ~ Albus Dumbledore
dumbledore quotes | 10 Powerful Quotes of Albus Dumbledore (Page 5)
Wise words! One of my fave HP quotes ❤
Harry Potter Quotes...Albus Dumbledore
Senior quote. That or mischief managed
dumbledore quotes | Tumblr So true
Albus Dumbledore Quote
Wait Reveals, Isaiah 64, Future Husband, Unbelievable Quote, So True, Object We Re, We Re Waiting, Charles Stanley
(isaiah 64:4) Mkay this is an unbelievable quote for our future husbands to read one day in a letter we write them now. They were worth it. And they will love to know that.
"Our willingness to wait reveals the value we place on the object we're waiting for." - Charles Stanley (Isaiah 64:4)
Our willingness to wait reveal the value we place on the object (or person) we're waiting for. " Charles Stanley Isaiah 64:4..."Since ancient times no one has heard, no ear has perceived, no eye has seen any God besides you, who acts on behalf of those who wait for him." <3
Worth waiting for... (Isaiah 64:4)<3 SO TRUE
I LOVE Dr. Seuss quotes! brilliant man, that Seuss
Places You Ll, Choose Dr, Dr Suess, Favorite Quotes, Seuss Quotes, Dr. Seuss, Dr Seuss, Kids Rooms
You have brains in your head. You have feet in your shoes. You can steer yourself in any direction you choose! ~ Dr. Seuss #Quotes #Motivation
Dr. Seuss - Oh the Places You Will Go! Would be cute in a kid's room.
Dr. Seuss quote. Perhaps another bit of decor for my classroom.
Favorite quote of mine... that Dr. Seuss guy sure is smart.
Dr. Seuss #dr.suess #quotes #blue #truth #direction
#Inspiring words from #Dr. #Seuss #quotes #whymedia
This is one of my favorite quotes from Dr. Seuss.
turquoise.quenalbertini: Dr. Seuss Quote
One of our favourite Dr. Seuss quotes!
The Help. If you did not sob during this scene then your soul is dead.
Good Movies, Help Loved, You Is Kind, Movie Quote, Book Movie, Favorite Book, Favorite Quotes, Favorite Movie
"You is Kind. You is Smart. You is Important." aibileen clark ~ The Help (One of my favorite movie quotes ever.)
You is Kind, You is Smart, You is Important - Aibileen Clark from "The Help" *grin* #quotes #books #movies Change to "are" for the classroom.
From one of my favorite movies...The Help. You is kind, you is smart, you is important Aibileen Clark
Always remember..."You is Kind, You is Smart, You is Important." - Aibileen Clark. From one of my favorite movies, "The Help".
You is Kind, You is Smart, You is Important - Aibileen Clark from "The Help" *grin* #quotes #books #movies
the help. this is my favorite quote from a book/movie. like. ever.
you is kind, book/movie of the year :) One of my favorite books!
The Help. LOVE this book & movie!
such a good movie & quote!
Harrypotter, Things Harry, Inspirational Quotes, Hp Quote, Favorite Quotes, Harry Potter Books, Albus Dumbledore, Harry Potter Quotes, Dumbledore Quote
On of my favorite quotes for Albus Dumbledore to Harry Potter
Albus dumbledore quotes - Google Search
My absolute favorite Harry Potter quote
My favorite quote from the books
My favourite harry potter quote!
Another great Dumbledore quote
My own reality #harrypotter
Harry Potter, book 7 quote
My fav HP quote!
Favorite Quote, Growing Up, So True, Ee Cummings, Eecummings, Favorite Poet
Absolutely beautiful and so true....It takes courage to grow up and become who you really are ~e.e. cummings
Courage quotes. Identity quotes. E.E. Cummings quote. It takes courage to grow up and become who you really are ~e.e. cummings
It takes courage to....... ee cummings....One of my favorite poets.
all time favorite quote, which happen to be by my all time favorite poet-- eecummings!
It takes courage to grow up and become who you really are. - ee cummings #quote
The Mortal Instruments Quote "I love you, and I will love you until I die, and if there's a life after that, I'll love you then." ~ Jace about Clary
Mortal Instruments Quotes, The Mortal Instruments, Jace Quote, Sweet Quotes, I Will Love You, Instruments Beautiful, Wedding Quotes, Mortal Instruments Jace, Love Quotes
I will love you in this life and in the next! I love you so much
Apparently from the Mortal Instruments. Beautiful quote.
The Mortal Instruments Jace about Clary
The Mortal Instruments Quote
Love quotes :)!

domain: entertainment


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Starring: James Franco, Seth Rogen, Lizzy Caplan, Randall Park, Diana Bang
Directed by: Evan Goldberg and Seth Rogen
Synopsis: Dave Skylark and producer Aaron Rapoport run the celebrity tabloid show “Skylark Tonight.” When they land an interview with a surprise fan, North Korean dictator Kim Jong-un, they are recruited by the CIA to turn their trip to Pyongyang into an assassination mission.
OK, let’s pretend that the furore about North Korea, hacking and Sony never happened. Let’s pretend that The Interview was released as planned. Is it any good? It’s OK. Is it funny? Occasionally. Are there endless dick and fart jokes, as normal with a Rogen picture? Of course there are.
And there lies the problem. It’s just more of the same schtick from these guys, who still (STILL) seem to think that those kind of jokes are funny, and they just aren’t anymore. I’m not saying that the whole movie is terrible, because there was the odd gag that made me laugh but seriously, it wasn’t worth the hassle it’s caused!
James Franco plays a rather inept chat show host, and Rogen his long term producer. They land an interview with none other than crackpot North Korea leader Kim Jong-un in an effort to be taken seriously. However, before they get a chance to interview the dictator, the CIA intervene and request that they assasinate him instead. Cue hilarity.
Nothing about The Interview, considering it’s circumstances, is remarkable. There is nothing cutting or inventive, it really is just the usual fare of naked women, booze, boners and Rogen’s familiar stoner laugh. Don’t get me wrong, I have nothing against Rogen and Franco particularly, but there does come a point when the same old jokes start to wear thin. You would have like to have seen something a bit more satirical or humour a bit more political and clever in a film such as this. It just seems, considering everything that has happened since, to be a complete waste of time and money. If they were going to cause this much grief, they might as well have ‘said’ something whilst they were at it.
They do a good job of trying to really humiliate Kim Jong-un as much as possible by making out he drinks cocktails, listens to Katy Perry and is possibly gay. They have him as an insecure wimp who ends up shitting himself on live TV and then getting blown up in a helicopter (sorry for ruining it, but presumably you’re never going to get a chance to see this anyway so who cares, right)?! This was all done as subtley as it reads, and if all the rumours are true, obviously pee’d Kim off something chronic. To be honest, it all seemed a bit “we are American and we are just going to laugh at the other guy because he’s supposed to be a nutter”. Whatever you think of North Korea, it’s leader, and his politics, I’m sure they could have fleshed out the character a bit better than resorting to toilet humour.
In fact, all they had to do was look at Team America to see how it should be done. Again, that was littered with poo and dick jokes, and made political leaders, including Kim’s father, look like idiots, but it was done with a much more clever slant.
The Interview is ultimately probably fortunate that it has created the waves it has, because as a standalone movie it’s not worth a second look. It wasn’t terrible, but it wasn’t terribly funny either.


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Mumbai-based private firm gives ‘discount’ on school fees, vigilant parents raise red flagUpdated: Sep 26, 2020, 00:16 IST
Several parents from private schools across the city on Friday wrote to the state education department complaining against a private company which offered them “discounts” on school fees.
Parents said they were approached by Pride Group, a private company that claimed to have tied up with the state government and promised to pay 50% of the fees on the behalf of parents.
“The company said they would give us discounts depending on the fee that our school charged. In return, we were asked to pay ₹2,500 to the personal account of one of their heads,” said the parent of a Vile Parle-based school. Parents were also asked to submit several documents like the Aadhaar card, copies of their child’s school calendar, photographs, etc.
Anil Sabale, deputy director of education for the Mumbai region, said the education department would give out a disclaimer on all its websites stating that it had nothing to do with this company. “We will do so after we see the complaints filed by parents. Meanwhile, we urge parents not to fall for such traps,” Sabale said.
When HT contacted, Soni Shelar, a representative who had approached a few parents asked the reporter to speak to her office staff. An employee named Nazim, who identified herself as the manager of the company, said, “We do not have any recognition from the Central or state government. We are not an NGO or trust even and are only a private firm.”
When asked about their funding model, Nazim said, “We have a mediator who does this work for us and parents are thus charged a processing fee.”
She refused to comment when asked about the norms under which the company made such arrangements. As per the company’s website, it claims to be an “education centre in Mumbai” with its office based out of Bhendi Bazaar.
As per the Maharashtra Educational Institutions (Regulation of Fees) Act, 2011, private unaided schools can fix their fees. While the government has set a cap on extent of fee hike, there is no such provision for private companies to tie up with the government and schools to waive off students’ fees. Even scholarships offered by the Central and state government are for students from socially and economically backward classes.

domain: politics


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Immigration Physicals In Fairfax, VA
At Wynn Family Medicine, we take our role in the immigration/visa system seriously. We believe in helping our patients get their exams done and have their paperwork completed in a timely fashion. Forms are completed usually within 24-48 hours of completing all the requirements. You will be given a copy of all the forms for your records. When you come in for your exam, please bring your I-693 form and any medical or vaccine records you have. Need an I-693 form? Click here.

domain: medical


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Synthese revealed that the second edition of the event will take place on Friday 13 March. During this event, French composer Olivier Messiaen will be put in a new light. The evening will be filled with several international musicians who will bring their music in their own way. One of the musicians will be the Japanese vocalist Hatis Noit.
Synthese is a quest for the amalgamation of three at first sight very different genres; modern classical, electronics and pop. At unconventional locations in Utrecht, Synthese will take the visitor on an inspiring adventure. The evening will be opened by saxophonist Laura Agnusdei, followed by a performance of Messiaen’s organ piece L’Ascension, performed by twenty-year-old organist Francesca Ajossa, the evening will be concluded by Japanese vocalist Hatis Noit.
Last year, she performed at Le Guess Who? in Utrecht and now she will return to Utrecht to join the second edition of Synthese at the Antoniuskerk (Stadsklooster). Just last week, she was touring around Europe to perform alongside other artists from the label Erased Tapes Records. In 2018, she released her EP Illogical Dance through this label for the world. Previously it was only available in Japan. For this release, she worked together with Björk-collaborators Matmos and combines western classical, Japanese folk and nature’s own ambience into four tracks.
Hatis Noit is a vocal performer from distant Shiretoko in Hokkaido who now resides in London. The name Hatis Noit itself is taken from Japanese folklore, meaning the stem of the lotus flower. The musician is self-taught, inspired by Gagaku (Japanese classical music) to Bulgarian and Gregorian chanting, to avant-garde and pop.
EDIT: 12 March 2020: The event is postponed.

domain: artistic


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black suede bronze piped high-top sneakers
We're sorry. This style is currently unavailable.
Black / Bronze
Well-known for their fierce shoes and accessories, Gucci continues to knock us dead with superb creations.
- Color: Black / Bronze
- Soft suede upper with metallic bronze piped trim throughout
- Rounded toe with smooth leather trim
- Lace-up vamp with decorative grommets at sides and rubber GG ornament at tongue
- Quilted back ankle
- Leather lined
- Rubber sole
Leather / Rubber;

domain: design


Provide courteous, accurate, and professional assistance to Sarpy County Veterans, their dependents, and surviving spouses in applying for federal, state, and county benefits. Advocate for Veterans' benefits throughout federal, state, and local government agencies. Represent Sarpy County Veterans in local communities and Veterans organizations and serve as a liaison between the claimants, Department of Veterans Affairs (DVA), and Nebraska DVA throughout the claims process.
Monday - Friday: 8:00 a.m. - 4:45 p.m.
Walk-ins - Mondays & Fridays
Appointments On: Tuesdays, Wednesdays & Thursdays
The Sarpy County Veterans Service Office staff provide individual confidential counseling and assistance to Veterans and their families in applying for federal, state, and county Veterans programs and benefits. Federal Veterans benefits include the GI Bill and other education benefits, Vocational Rehabilitation, service-connected disability compensation, non- service disability pension, healthcare, home loans, and burial benefits.
Nebraska Veterans programs include waiver of tuition, admittance to a Nebraska Veterans home, homestead exemption, and emergency financial assistance from the Veterans Aid Fund (specific residency and character of discharge apply).
Eligibility for County Veterans benefits requires Honorable or General (Under Honorable Conditions) active duty service in one of the periods of service listed here:
VETERANS SERVICE COMMITTEE
The Veterans Service Committee meets, in a public forum, twice a year to establish policy and procedures for the administration and operation of the Sarpy County Veterans Service Office.
Tracy D Jones
Veterans Service Specialist
MSgt, USAF (Ret)
Assistant Veterans Service Officer
SMSgt, USAF (Ret)


text: FABRIC > Cork Cork fabric has a similar handle to leather or vinyl. It feels like a quality leather: it’s soft, smooth, and pliable. It is not hard or brittle. Cork fabric looks stunning and unique. Use it to make handmade bags, wallets, accents on clothing, craft projects, applique, embroidery, shoes, or upholstery.


text: At work, we most often see people complaining about a certain unfavorable condition or a bully boss or a non-cooperating team member but no one does anything to change or come out of that situation.\u00a0 Most of us must have heard during our appraisal meetings that we must do something \u201coutside the box\u201d to get a good rating and maybe a promotion but very few of us understand what this \u2018outside the box\u2019 means. We are so locked into thinking in a linear way that we fail to notice that innovations and inventions emerge from thinking in a non-linear fashion.\r\n\r\nAccording to a World Economic Forum report, creativity is one of the top three most important skills for future workers. But can creativity be taught? If so, how? \u00a0We would say yes; people\u2019s creative abilities can be improved.\r\n\r\nEveryone is creative but in very different ways and to varying degrees. Leaders and managers can coach and mentor their team members to be more creative. Although personality traits of an individual could be a hinderance, still creativity can be nurtured through deliberate interventions.\r\nIn this blog, we will offer some tips for leaders and managers which will assist them while attempting to coach creativity.\r\nGive constructive feedback\r\nGiven that most people have different creative abilities, it\u2019s imperative for a leader to provide individuals with constructive feedback. Regular feedback will ensure that the people understand their flaws and start making efforts to overcome them. This will encourage them to think creatively and come up with new ideas to perform better. By giving constructive feedback a leader can help encourage people to take more risks in the way they think.\r\nProvide training and coaching\r\nExperiential learning can play a very critical role in enhancing creative performance of the people. For example, coaching people to detect novel ideas, take on challenging tasks, and perform outside their main area of expertise, all this and more can help boost creativity. Even day-to-day challenges like finding a different way to complete routine tasks or taking on new hobbies and activities can have a positive impact on your creativity.\r\nAssign people the tasks they enjoy\r\nOne of the most effective ways in which leaders can boost creativity in individuals is through motivation. \u00a0For example, give the team the tasks they enjoy most, especially those tasks that can help them go beyond linear thinking and explore something \u2018outside the box\u2019. In the words of Carl Jung, \u201cThe creative mind plays with the object it loves\u201d.\r\nMeditation and relaxation\r\nLeaders can also boost creativity by encouraging the team to meditate and get involved in activities that soothe their minds. Managers themselves should practice meditation. The more relaxed and mindful leaders are, the more they are likely to inculcate and encourage creative ideas in others.\r\n\r\nCreativity comes with practice and constant effort. Picasso once said, \u201ceveryone is born an artist, the challenge is remaining one as we grow up\u201d.\r\n\r\nDo you have some creative ideas that have worked well for your team? Write to us and share your experience at firstname.lastname@example.org.\r\n\r\nIf you\u2019re looking to roll out some creative, experiential learning sessions in your organization,\u00a0let us know\u00a0and we would be happy to customize a fun and interactive session for your team!

domain: psychology


text:
𝐷𝑟. 𝑇𝑟𝑎𝑛 𝑇ℎ𝑖 𝑀𝑖𝑛ℎ 𝐶ℎ𝑎𝑢.
Angelina Jolie is a very famous actress. She lost her mother, grandmother and aunt because of breast cancer. In 2013, she announced that she had a mutation in the BRCA1 gene (which increases the risk of breast cancer). After that, Jolie underwent a prophylactic double mastectomy. That means she had both of her breasts removed even though she hadn’t been diagnosed with breast cancer. Today, we are going to tell you what genetic testing is and who needs it.
𝟏. 𝐖𝐡𝐚𝐭 𝐢𝐬 𝐠𝐞𝐧𝐞𝐭𝐢𝐜 𝐭𝐞𝐬𝐭𝐢𝐧𝐠?
Genetic testing looks for specific inherited changes (variants) in a person’s genes.
𝟐. 𝐖𝐡𝐚𝐭 𝐢𝐬 𝐡𝐞𝐫𝐞𝐝𝐢𝐭𝐚𝐫𝐲 𝐜𝐚𝐧𝐜𝐞𝐫?
Cancer can sometimes appear to “run in families”. Hereditary cancer occurs when the mutated gene that causes cancer is passed from a parent to a child. People who carry an inherited cancer gene have an increased risk that they or a family member will develop cancer. Hereditary cancers account for 5-10% of all cancers.
𝟑. 𝐖𝐡𝐚𝐭 𝐠𝐞𝐧𝐞𝐭𝐢𝐜 𝐭𝐞𝐬𝐭𝐬 𝐚𝐫𝐞 𝐚𝐯𝐚𝐢𝐥𝐚𝐛𝐥𝐞 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝐜𝐚𝐧𝐜𝐞𝐫 𝐫𝐢𝐬𝐤 𝐚𝐬𝐬𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐦𝐞𝐧𝐭?
Scientists found that about 20 types of cancer run in families, such as ovarian cancer, stomach cancer, breast cancer, colon cancer, prostate cancer, head and neck cancer, lung cancer, endometrial cancer,…
Many genes can be involved in a cancer. Many cancers may be associated with a single gene. Currently, in Vietnam, there are many centers that carry out testing for these genetic mutations, especially in CMI.
𝟒. 𝐖𝐡𝐨 𝐧𝐞𝐞𝐝𝐬 𝐠𝐞𝐧𝐞𝐭𝐢𝐜 𝐭𝐞𝐬𝐭𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝐢𝐧𝐡𝐞𝐫𝐢𝐭𝐞𝐝 𝐜𝐚𝐧𝐜𝐞𝐫?
Genetic testing for hereditary cancer is not a routine test, and it is recommended that you have one of the following conditions:
– Having more than two first-degree relatives** with the same type of cancer or with a genetically related cancer (such as breast, ovarian, colorectal and pancreatic cancers …).
– Having a close relative with primary cancer in more than one organ.
– Having a close relative with cancer at an unusually young age for that type of cancer (such as ovarian cancer < 40 years old; breast cancer, colon cancer, prostate cancer < 50 years old).
– Having a close relative with a rare type of cancer (male breast cancer or retinoblastoma), cancer on both sides of the organ in pairs (bilateral breasts cancer…)
– Ashkenazi Jewish ancestry.
– Relatives had positive genetic testing to detect genetic mutations that cause cancer.
– You do not have a family history but you are interested in getting screened.
** First-degree relatives = parents, siblings, children
𝟓. 𝐖𝐡𝐚𝐭 𝐬𝐡𝐨𝐮𝐥𝐝 𝐲𝐨𝐮 𝐝𝐨 𝐰𝐡𝐞𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐬𝐜𝐫𝐞𝐞𝐧𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐫𝐞𝐬𝐮𝐥𝐭 𝐢𝐬 𝐩𝐨𝐬𝐢𝐭𝐢𝐯𝐞?
Even if you inherit cancer genes from your family, it is not certain that you will get cancer. The progression of the disease depends on lifestyle, comorbidities and environmental influences. However, if you have a positive genetic mutation test, you need to be consulted by a specialist for appropriate follow-up in the future. You should remember that 80% of cancer patients can be completely cured if detected at an early stage.
𝟔. 𝐖𝐡𝐚𝐭 𝐚𝐫𝐞 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐚𝐝𝐯𝐚𝐧𝐭𝐚𝐠𝐞𝐬 𝐨𝐟 𝐠𝐞𝐧𝐞𝐭𝐢𝐜 𝐜𝐚𝐧𝐜𝐞𝐫 𝐬𝐜𝐫𝐞𝐞𝐧𝐢𝐧𝐠?
– Needs to be done ONLY ONCE in a lifetime (for each genetic type)
– With one blood sample, many genetic genes can be screened.
– The price is not expensive.
– Helps detect potential cancer risks early, thereby taking appropriate follow-up, detecting disease early, reducing treatment costs and increasing survival rates.
– There are many programs to support screening tests for relatives and follow-up counseling if your results are POSITIVE.
𝟕. 𝐖𝐡𝐚𝐭 𝐠𝐞𝐧𝐞𝐭𝐢𝐜 𝐭𝐞𝐬𝐭𝐬 𝐚𝐫𝐞 𝐚𝐯𝐚𝐢𝐥𝐚𝐛𝐥𝐞 𝐚𝐭 𝐃𝐞𝐩𝐚𝐫𝐭𝐦𝐞𝐧𝐭 𝐨𝐟 𝐎𝐛𝐬𝐭𝐞𝐭𝐫𝐢𝐜𝐬 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐆𝐲𝐧𝐞𝐜𝐨𝐥𝐨𝐠𝐲 𝐚𝐭 𝐂𝐌𝐈?
• PinkCare: screening hereditary breast cancer, ovarian cancer, colon cancer: genes
👉 BRCA1, BRCA2
👉 PTEN, TP53, CDH1, PALB2, STK11, MLH1, MSH2, APC
• MenCare: screening hereditary prostate cancer, stomach cancer, colon cancer: genes
👉 MLHL, MSH2, MSH6, PMS2, EPCAM (Lynch syndrome)
👉 BRCA1, BRCA2
👉 APC, MUTYH, CDH1


text:
This week at House Mouse & Friends we have the theme 'You Gotta Have Friends and was set by our sweet and fabulous Team Mate Sue Drees. We are to create a House Mouse & friends project keeping it "ALL ABOUT FRIENDS".
I've used the image 'A Carrot between Friends' and coloured it with Copcics. The papers are Basic Grey's Green at Heart and I've used the Tim Holtz Sizzix on the edge alterations die to create the frame. I've used the negative cut away aspects top and bottom and the positive portions in the middle. The flowers and leaves are cut with Crealies dies and the sentiment with Spellbinders Fancy Tags. The sentiment panel is cut out with the SU punch and I can't for the life in me remember who the sentiment stamp is by - and as I'm still in the UK I can't have a look.
ONE HOUSE MOUSE or HAPPY HOPPER stamp of choice will go to one lucky winner from our very GENEROUS sponsor Simon Says Stamp!
Simon Says Stamp started in 2002 and now has over 100,000 items in stock. They strive to bring you a wide range of rubber stamps, Altered Art, Scrapbooking, ATC and papercrafting
I had a brilliant time at the NEC and it was so lovely to meet up with bloggy friends again and to meet so many more for the first time. I have photographs I hope to be able to show tomorrow if I can commandeer my grandson's computer and he doesn't snatch it back.

domain: hobby


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Current Home Mortgage Rates Calculator Mortgage Calculator Plus Hits User Milestone – After years of steady growth, online home valuation. interest rates, and then refine those estimates by zip code, property value, down payment percentage, credit score and loan type. The calculator.
Adopted in 1953, the tank served for over 40 years before finally being decommissioned. possessing a powerful D-25 122mm.
Inflation tripled from 3.9% to 9.6%. The Fed doubled interest rates from 5.75% to a high of 11%. Inflation continued to remain in the double digits through all of 1974. It lasted until April 1975. The Fed kept raising the fed funds rate to a peak of 13% in July 1974. It dramatically lowered the rate to 7.5% in January 1975.
Credit Score And Mortgage Rates Conventional loan mortgage rates vary wildly based on a borrower’s credit score. Prime mortgage borrowers get access to the "best and lowest mortgage rates" you see advertised online and in.
Interest Rates through the Years . I am going to tip my hand pretty quick here, and give away my age. But I was recently talking to a client’s father and we were reminiscing about what kinds of interest rates we have paid on various homes we have owned throughout our lives.
Use annual percentage rate APR, which includes fees and costs, to compare rates across lenders.Rates and APR below may include up to .50 in discount points as an upfront cost to borrowers and assume no cash out. Select product to see detail. Use our compare home mortgage loans Calculator for rates customized to your specific home financing need.
This chart shows the national average CD rates on 6-month CD yields, 1-year CD yields and 5-year CD yields since 1984, according to Bankrate’s weekly survey on interest rates.
Experts believe the Reserve Bank will cut interest rates to a record. on Tuesday where a cut in the cash rate to 0.75 per cent from one per cent is expected to be endorsed – the third reduction.
15 Year Fixed Rates Chart Non Conforming Loan Interest Rates Mortgage Rates in a Holding Pattern – Mortgage rates were slightly higher today. The rougher the overall outlook, the better interest rates tend to do. rates discussed refer to the most frequently-quoted, conforming, conventional 30yr.
CBO projects that interest rates on federal borrowing will also rise gradually over the next few years. The interest rate on 3-month Treasury bills is projected to rise from 0.4 percent in the fourth quarter of 2016 to 2.5 percent by the end of 2020.
The average 30-year fixed mortgage rate rose to 3.87%, up 13 basis points from 3.74% a week ago. 15-year fixed mortgage rates rose 11 basis points to 3.22% from 3.11% a week ago.
Go; Please make End-Year five or more years greater than Start-Year. Before 2003 the rates shown are gross rates for a building society share account.Since then rates are gross rates for instant-access accounts of selected building societies/banks, notably the Nationwide.

domain: finance


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TIP OF THE DAY: Why Use Sea Salt?
Bid adieu to one of food’s icons, the Morton Salt Girl, whose highly refined, iodized salt is too salty for table use. Instead, accent your food with the far more vivid flavors of sea salts.
Sea salts are dehydrated from ocean water. They are not refined like table salts, so contain traces of calcium, iron, magnesium, manganese, potassium, zinc and natural iodine present in the waters from which they were harvested. These individual ocean “terroirs” (tur-WAH) give each sea salt its own unique flavor and appearance.
This makes them more healthful as well as tastier. And many sea salts are beautiful, sprinkled atop foods for visual as well as flavor notes. (Garnishing salts cost more. Inexpensive sea salts are available for cooking—we use La Baleine.)
Imported from all over the world, there are scores of different sea salts available in the U.S. Each has its own flavor and beauty.
Alaea, Hawaiian sea salt, in fine and coarse grinds. Photo courtesy Saltworks.us, which sells beautiful sea salts from all over the world.
Some of our favorites are elegant grey Celtic salt from France; coral-hued alaea, a volcanic Hawaiian sea salt (with a mellower flavor than other sea salts); the crunchy crystals of Angsley salt from Wales; the pyramid-shaped crystals of Maldon salt from England; and Himalayan pink salt.
For table use, sea salt grains are generally too large for most salt shakers. Just treat yourself to a salt mill. This stylish salt mill from Oxo Good Grips also has a matching pepper mill.
Many of us were taught in school that it is important to consume iodized table salt to prevent the development of goiter, an enlargement of the thyroid gland caused by iodine deficiency
American salt manufacturers began iodizing salt in the 1920s, in cooperation with the government, after people in some parts of the country were found to be suffering from goiter due to an absence of iodine in their diets.
Humans require fewer than 225 micrograms of iodine a day. Seafood, cruciferous vegetables*, and sea salt contain iodine naturally and iodized salt is unnecessary if there are sufficient quantities of these items in one’s diet.
*The cruciferous vegetable group includes bok choy, broccoli, brussels sprouts, cauliflower, cabbage, kale, kohlrabi, mustard greens and turnips, among other veggies.
HOW MANY TYPES OF SALT HAVE YOU HAD?
Take a look at all the lovely salts in our Salt Glossary. You’ll be inspired to run out (or click) for some.
SPECTACULAR SALT BOOKS
Love food? Love history? One of our favorite food books is Mark Kurlansky’s Salt: A World History.
Mark Bittman fans should also pick up a copy of Salted: A Manifesto on the World’s Most Essential Mineral, with 50 Bittman recipes that showcase the different aspects of salt.

domain: food


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Jerry Dowling Illustrations
From noted personalities to friends down the street, Dowling never met a face he didn't want to draw. If you are interested in commissioning something unique, be sure to contact Jerry below. Or take a look at his books - they make great gifts for Cincinnati sport fans and more!
These unique soft-cover books offer a behind-the-scenes, insider's look at all the action through Dowling's satirical viewpoint. Each compilation includes Jerry Dowling's original cartoons throughout his career plus commentary by Dowling and other famous insiders, offering the back-story on the events of the time.


Attacking Apple: Mac Malware and Zero-Day Threats in 2021
Joshua A. Long
If you ask the average person, they probably think that malware is a big problem for Windows, but not for Mac. Apple touts its supposed focus on user privacy, new security features are added to Apple’s operating systems every year, and it’s rare to hear about Mac malware in the mainstream news. But are Macs really as safe as people think?
In this presentation we will discuss the evolution and current state of Mac malware, focusing on new threats. We’ll unveil intriguing tales of the discovery of new malware, threat actors’ exploitation of zero-day vulnerabilities, malware that targets the latest Macs with Apple Silicon (M1) processors, and more. We’ll also examine why it’s critical to stay on the very latest version of macOS, even though the operating system itself doesn’t protect against every threat.
This presentation may potentially discuss (as time permits; I will focus on the most interesting aspects of malware campaigns such as the following):
- Zero-day exploitation of CVE-2021-30657 by Mac malware – Python malware that bypassed Apple’s Gatekeeper protection
- My discovery of IncendiPlant malware – my own original research, not yet published
- AdLoad adware/bundleware loaders went entirely undetected by Apple’s XProtect definitions
- Silver Sparrow: 40,000 Macs infected by mysterious M1-native malware – see my write-up at https://www.intego.com/mac-security-blog/silver-sparrow-40000-macs-infected-by-mysterious-m1-native-malware/
- GravityRAT and IPStorm: Mac malware, ported from Windows – see my write-up at https://www.intego.com/mac-security-blog/gravityrat-and-ipstorm-mac-malware-ported-from-windows/
- Discussion of other zero-day threats (in addition to CVE-2021-30657, mentioned above) that Apple patched in 2020/2021 and noted were actively exploited in the wild
- My original research into whether the latest version of macOS is safer than the two previous versions (Apple releases patches for the current and two previous macOS versions, but unbeknownst to most people, not every vulnerability gets patched for the two previous operating systems)
Chief Security Analyst
Sponsors & Partners


Eintracht Frankfurt chief claims they were offered former Manchester United star Cristiano Ronaldo in the summer
Axel Hellmann, the CEO of Eintracht Frankfurt, has claimed that they were offered former Manchester United star Cristiano Ronaldo in the recent transfer window.
Die Adler won the Europa League in the previous campaign. The 37-year-old wanted to leave the Old Trafford side in the summer of 2022 for Champions League football.
Speaking to DAZN via Daily Mail, Hellmann revealed that the Bundesliga outfit had the chance to bring the five-time Ballon d’Or winner to the club.
“He [Ronaldo] was even offered to us.”
Philip Holzer, chairman of Frankfurt’s supervisory board, also stated:
“I have the feeling he was offered to every Champions League club.”
Ronaldo did not have the best of campaigns under Erik ten Hag at United. Initially, he was lept out of the starting lineup by the Dutch manager. When the 37-year-old was given opportunities, he cut a frustrating figure on the pitch.
The former Real Madrid star returned to the Old Trafford side in the summer of 2021 from Juventus. He finished last season as the club’s leading goalscorer in all competitions.
Unfortunately, Ronaldo seemed to be missing his shooting boots this term. He only managed to find the back of the net three times for the Red Devils in all competitions in the current campaign.
The Portuguese also had a few unsavoury moments this season. After refusing to come on as a substitute for United against Tottenham, he walked down the tunnel before the full-time whistle. Consequently, the forward was suspended for the next game against Chelsea.
However, the 37-year-old was reintegrated back into the starting lineup by Ten Hag after the draw at Stamford Bridge. However, his controversial interview with Piers Morgan was the last straw.
More Manchester United News
- Mikael Silvestre warns Manchester United manager Erik ten Hag not to take the Carabao Cup lightly
- Manchester United defender Diogo Dalot has been included in WhoScored’s World Cup U23 Best XI
- Erik ten Hag reveals Lisandro Martinez called him before Manchester United transfer amidst Arsenal interest
Ronaldo departed the United just before the start of the 2022 World Cup. He is yet to find a new club. It remains to be seen where the Portuguese icon will end up next.


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Wiener Werkstatte Women
ONE Mela Koehler
Let's take a break away from letters and fonts to look at design.
Before fashion photography images of the latest fashions were often spread by postcards such as these excellent works by Mela Koehler that by the way are also popular collectibles.
Modern reproductions are available !
I've picked out three images and hope my selection tempts you to enjoy discovering more online or offline in museums and art books!
This design movement business and group was based in Vienna but influenced artists designers and illustrators throughout Europe.
Google that name!
Either your interest is fashion illustration collectibles postcards or watercolor you're love her work!


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Once you apply for pay day loan through our webpages, the process is entirely safer and confidential. All of our 128-bit encrypted partnership transfers the application to your couples with no risk of interception of the businesses.
- Has an active bank account when you look at the https://loansavesolutions.com/payday-loans-ks/ a reputation
- Is actually a permanent resident or citizen of your All of us
- Is actually decades 18 or elderly
- Have acquired employment for around a month
- Can offer an operating phone number and you will email
It sounds stunning, but payday loans can include your credit rating. Lenders don’t declaration cash advance towards the credit reporting agencies, very payday loans doesn’t inform you on your credit history. Later otherwise skipped statement repayments can hurt your credit rating, however, bringing a quick payday loan and you will expenses your own debts punctually are able to keep your credit rating constant if you don’t improve it.
Talking about credit scores, you could constantly become acknowledged having a payday loan despite a woeful credit get or too little a credit history. Lenders be much more concerned with your ability to settle the financing and don’t work with the brand new tight credit checks that the banking institutions manage. Because of this you’ve got one faster barrier to researching brand new currency you prefer.
Popular Misunderstandings Regarding Cash advance
There’s a lot of data on line throughout the pay-day money, not every thing is valid. One myth is the fact retired someone otherwise people who are on impairment you should never sign up for pay day loan. This really is untrue. Providing you enjoys proof of a steady way to obtain money, such Personal Coverage, pension otherwise impairment, you may be eligible for a payday loan.
Some other misunderstanding would be the fact you will find several undetectable charges that you never discover until it is the right time to pay-off the loan. By-law, the lending company need to reveal the costs to you personally, and they must be intricate regarding the contract. Inquiring enough inquiries and you may thoroughly discovering the latest bargain are a couple of strategies to take to be sure to see the financing charges prior to signing the fresh offer.
As opposed to prevalent belief, lenders does not aggressively become once you for those who have problems paying off their loans. Loan providers are willing to aid you and acquire a simple solution, so it’s the answer to correspond with your own bank and have regarding South Carolina’s allocation to possess an effective a dozen-month payment plan. Lenders will be elite and stay glued to the fresh Government Fair Commercial collection agency Methods Work the Federal Trade Payment observed. Lenders fit everything in they are able to end collection by telling users from the in charge borrowing.
In a nutshell that you should always shop around, talk to your financial and use just what you would like.
The types of Lenders Offered
You can aquire payday loans and money advances during the South carolina both on the web or even in individual. An incredible number of stone-and-mortar loan providers are employed in South carolina, and several of them loan providers in addition to operate on the internet. You might enter people in the lender’s business hours or telephone call the lending company and begin the process that way. Alternatively, you might fill in an on-line consult function if for example the financial enjoys one.
- With this brief provider, most fund marketed within one business day.
- Loans is actually placed right into your finances.
- Loan providers are often ready to work with applicants who have bad borrowing from the bank.
- You simply have fill in an easy on line form.
We really do not loan the money, but we utilize the information you submit to fits your having a direct bank (if in case your qualify for a loan). This on the internet option is smoother since you don’t have to leave your residence and wait in-line or expect a corporate to open up. I process apps with the safe host 24 hours a day, seven days a week.

domain: economics


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History & Art History
♣ An Economic History of the World since 1400, Part 1
12 Thursdays, September 14 – December 7, 9:30 a.m., $20
These lectures illustrate the fascinating links between economics and history, revealing how the production, consumption and exchange of goods has influenced (and been influenced by) historical events and trends including the Black Death, the Age of Exploration, the invention of the printing press, the Industrial Revolution, the European colonization of Africa, the collapse of the Soviet Union, the rise of China and India and the birth of personal computing. Our own knowledgeable volunteer Ladd Seton, will lead the discussion after the showings.
Russia – Mark Albertson
8 Mondays, September 11 – November 6, 10:30 a.m., $80
George Kennan once observed that whether it be Czarist Russia, Stalinist Russia, Krushchev’s Soviet Union, Brezhnev’s Soviet Union or Putin’s Russia, Russia is Russia – an intriguing assessment by America’s renowned Sovietologist and foreign policy guru. This series will chronicle Russia, beginning with pre-Romanov Russia, the Romanovs, Bolsheviks, Stalin, the Cold War and ending with Putin and the perpetuation of Authoritarianism.
♣ NEW: Art of the Heist
14 Tuesdays, September 19 – December 19, 1:15 p.m., Free
This thrilling documentary unlocks gallery doors to chronicle history’s most notorious art thefts – from nabbing the Mona Lisa out of the Louvre in broad daylight to the yet unsolved theft at Boston’s Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum. In candid interviews, the thieves who stole the art and the investigators who chased them share insights into crimes committed in galleries, tombs and mansions from Egypt to Sweden.
Georgia on my Mind with Rita Englund
8 Thursdays, September 14 – November 2, 10:00 a.m., Free
Georgia O’Keeffe had her first solo exhibit one hundred years ago. We will celebrate her life, explore her art and admire her individuality. Please start reading Georgia by Dawn Tripp (a novelization of her relationship with Alfred Steiglitz) or familiarizing yourself with some of her paintings before the first class.
♣ These programs are high-quality video lectures from the Teaching Company, BBC, PBS and other venues shown on a big screen.


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MCT is a part of the Internet For All campaign initiated by the California Emerging Technology Fund. We strongly believe in the Five (5) recommendations in connection with the Comcast / Time Warner purchase.
Sign the Petition: Tell the Federal Communications Commission Why We Need
Please View the Video below to learn more!
Take action link www.internetforallnow.org/take_action
- In the heart of Silicon Valley, parents drive their children to the library nightly so they can get on a computer with Internet access to do their homework.
- In Los Angeles, low-income job hunters take long bus rides to a job-training center to submit their resumes online, otherwise employers won’t accept them.
- In Fresno, migrant families spend all of their income on rent and food, leaving nothing to pay for a computer and Internet service at home.
Why is this still happening in a country that sits at the epicenter of the technology revolution?
The answer: The country needs affordable high-speed Internet at home for all low-income households.
Today, one in four households across America remains on the wrong side of the Digital Divide and are being left behind at an accelerating pace.
We know first-hand from being in the trenches with the most disadvantaged populations and impoverished neighborhoods that they are up against a "wall of poverty" that demands action from all of us, including FCC Commissioners and our elected representatives.
Please help us knock down the “wall of poverty” by urging the FCC to require Internet service providers that want to merger to deliver affordable Internet to all low-income households.
Today, Comcast has enrolled just 14% of eligible USA families with schoolchildren in its affordable Internet Essentials program. Tell the FCC 14% isn’t good enough and all low-income households should be eligible.

domain: sociology


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Listen to article
Nigerian President, Muhammadu Buhari has approved the appointment of two aides to work in the ‘Office of the First Lady’, an office that has no backing in the 1999 constitution.
The first appointee, according to a statement by media adviser Femi Adesina is Dr. Rukayyatu Abdulkareem Gurin.
She will serve as Senior Special Assistant to the President on Administration and Women Affairs.
Rukayyatu is a doctorate degree holder in Curriculum Instruction from the University of Maiduguri.
She was at various times a Lecturer at the University of Maiduguri; a Deputy Director at the National Universities Commission (NUC); and a Director at the National Institute of Policy and Strategic Studies, Kuru.
Gurin who was a Senior Lecturer at Baze University in Abuja before her appointment replaces Dr. Hajo Sani who was recently appointed as Nigeria’s Delegate to the United Nations Educational and Scientific Organisation (UNESCO) in France.
Africa Daily News, New York also gathered that the President also approved the appointment of Dr. Mohammed Kamal Abdurrahman as Senior Special Assistant to the President on Health and Development Partners in the Office of the First Lady.
He holds a Bachelor of Medicine and Surgery from University of Maiduguri.
He worked at the University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, Yola Specialist Hospital, Sithobela Health Centre in Swaziland, and at the National Agency for the Control of AIDS (NACA) before his appointment as the Personal Physician to the First Lady in 2015.
He was reappointed in 2019.
Dr. Abdurrahman will combine his new role with his position as the personal physician of his wife.
AFRICA DAILY NEWS, NEW YORK


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Life's a beach
By Anna Melville-James, TravelMail
Last updated at 10:01 04 October 2002
For many travellers Thailand is synonymous with exquisite beaches - long stretches of white sand and turquoise sea fringed with palms that are the picture-postcard definition of paradise.
Beaches (known as Ao in Thai) are the number one reason why people flock to this tropical country - and even the most high-minded traveller is guaranteed to end up prone on the hot sands at some point in their trip.
Most of Thailand's best beaches are to be found in the South, along the peninsula that stretches down toward the border of Malaysia.
On the east side lies the Gulf of Thailand, whose waters are also home to the islands of Koh Samui and Koh Phangan, while on the west the Andaman Sea cradles holiday island favourites Phuket and Koh Phi Phi.
While practically all beaches in Thailand send out a siren's call to the rain-drenched British holidaymaker, it pays to choose with care where you lay your sunhat.
Sadly, some of the better-known areas have been blighted by uncontrolled and unsightly development. Environmental destruction and rubbish disposal have also become perpetual headaches as Thailand struggles to come to terms with its popularity.
However, the beaches of daydreams do still exist here - places with a few huts and a short walk to an unspoilt stretch, or resorts that have managed to keep the beast of commercialism on a tight leash - for now.
This is Travel rounds up six of the best hot spots for beach bunnies looking for a slice of paradise.
Most watched News videos
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- Baby chimpanzee clings to its mother days after birth at Chester Zoo
- Elderly man caught on CCTV before fatally stabbing woman
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- Terrified Russian cadet thrown out of plane to make parachute jump
- Ilhan Omar's second husband flaunts stay at beach resort
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domain: travel


Rusike is now linked with a possible move to Belgian Pro League club Oud-Heverlee Leuven, who already have another Zimbabwean in Ovidy Karuru in their books.
Ajax CEO George Comitis confirms the departure of the stocky midfielder, who is currently in camp with the Zimbabwe senior national team ahead of World Cup qualifiers against Egypt and Guinea.
“He is now free because we didn’t renew his contract. We decided against taking up the option on his contract in May and he is now free to move on to the team of his choice,” says Comitis.
The 24-year-old has been with the Urban Warriors for the past three years after joining at the same time with his homeboy Khama Billiat.
Rusike joins veteran Dutch goalkeeper Sander Westerveld and Brazilian teenager Wanderson Costa Viana in the list of those that the club has released.


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Lap of The World
by Mycak Sames
If you're going to bomb through 1000 miles of Italian countryside, you might as well do so in one of the greatest analogue cars ever assembled.
Limited edition of 100, hand numbered and signed by the artist.
17" x 21.5" (frame not included)
Prints are Giclee printed with archival inks on acid-free fine art bright white paper by the artist. We don't recommend hanging the finished work in direct sunlight. They're precious, like your eyes and Frodo's ring. We suggest hanging this masterpiece in your dingy garage. Posters are shipped rolled in a durable cardboard tube.


text: Bedford Borough Library Service have agreed to add the Upper Primary site as a new stop to their timetable in the Autumn. Watch this space for a time and date! The children were treated to see some of the wonderful books that are on offer for free with a library card. Many new titles will be available to borrow for up to 4 weeks. We will send out forms in September for parents to complete and return to us in order to get a library card for children to start borrowing. Remember to keep reading over the summer with the Summer Reading Challenge!

domain: literature


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Dublin-listed Hostelworld expects its growth in earnings next year to be "modest".
In a trading update yesterday, the group reiterated that it expects like-for-like gross bookings to be flat this year, given the expected declines in its supporting brands.
The group's core brand now represents 96pc of group bookings.
Cost management, combined with strong average booking value, is helping to offset the impact of the flat bookings, the group added.
CEO Gary Morrison said the company was operating in "an attractive and growing market, with a strong and trusted brand".
"We will invest in our core products, platform and capabilities as we strive to improve the hostelling experience for travellers and enhance our technology offering for the benefit of our core hostel partners," he added.
Over the past six months, the company has undertaken a strategic review.
Following this it said a number of focus areas have been identified, "most notably a lack of investment in the core platform and the focus on short term monetisation levers all of which the long-term investment strategy will aim to address".


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LYDIATE, a village and a chapelry in Halsall parish, Lancashire. The village stands near the Leeds and Liverpool canal, 2¾ miles W of Town-Green r. station, and 4¼ SW of Ormskirk; and has a post office under Ormskirk. The chapelry comprises 1,995 acres. Real property, £6,018. Pop., 848. Houses, 152. The property is divided among a few. The manor belongs to T. W. Blundell, Esq. Lydiate Hall is now a farmhouse. Lydiate abbey was in the course of erection at the Reformation; was left uncompleted at the dissolution; and is now a fine ivy-clad ruin, including S wall and castellated tower. The living is a p. curacy in the diocese of Chester. Value, £150. Patron, the Rector of Halsall. The church was built in 1841; is in the pointed style; and comprises two aisles and a chancel, with a pinnacled tower. A Roman Catholic church was built in 1853; and consists of nave, three aisles, and chancel, with tower, and spire. There are a parochial school and a Roman Catholic school.
John Marius Wilson, Imperial Gazetteer of England and Wales (1870-72)
Details about the census records, and indexes for Lydiate.
The Register Office covering the Lydiate area is Sefton South.
- Ask for a calculation of the distance from Lydiate to another place.
"LYDGATE, a township in the parish of Halsall, hundred of West Derby, county palatine of Lancaster, 4 miles S.W. of Ormskirk, its post town. The Leeds and Liverpool canal passes through the township. The village, which is considerable, is situated near Halsall Moss, which is famed for its "fit-turf," used in the manufacture of candles. The living is a perpetual curacy in the diocese of Chester, value £73, in the gift of the rector of the parish. The church is a Gothic structure, with a square tower surmounted by pinnacles. The Roman Catholics have a church, built of stone, with a tower and spire, and window of stained glass. There is a Roman Catholic school. Here are extensive ruins of Lydiate Abbey, which at the time of the Dissolution was in an unfinished state. Lydiate Hall is now a farm."
You can see the administrative areas in which Lydiate has been placed at times in the past. Select one to see a link to a map of that particular area.
View maps of Lydiate and places within its boundaries.
View a map of the boundaries of this town/parish.
You can see maps centred on OS grid reference SD371050 (Lat/Lon: 53.537744, -2.950854), Lydiate which are provided by:
- Google Maps
- StreetMap (Current Ordnance Survey maps)
- Bing (was Multimap)
- OldMaps (Old Ordnance Survey maps.)
- Old Maps Online (Other old maps.)
- National Library of Scotland (Old Ordnance Survey maps)
- Vision of Britain (Click "Historical units & statistics" for administrative areas.)
- English Jurisdictions in 1851 (Unfortunately the LDS have removed the facility to enable us to specify a starting location, you will need to search yourself on their map.)
- Magic (Geographic information) (Click + on map if it doesn't show)
- GeoHack (Links to on-line maps and location specific services.)

domain: history


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Objective—To investigate the prevalence of concurrent methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) colonization in people and pets in the same household with a person or pet with an MRSA infection and to compare MRSA isolates by use of molecular techniques.
Sample Population—24 dogs, 10 cats, and 56 humans in part 1 and 21 dogs, 4 cats, and 16 humans in part 2 of the study.
Procedures—In both parts of the study, nasal swab specimens were collected from humans and nasal and rectal swab specimens were collected from household pets. Selective culture for MRSA was performed, and isolates were typed via pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and spa typing. Households were defined as positive when MRSA was isolated from at least 1 person (part 1) or 1 pet (part 2).
Results—In part 1, 6 of 22 (27.3%) households were identified with MRSA colonization in a person. In these households, 10 of 56 (17.9%) humans, 2 of 24 (8.3%) dogs, and 1 of 10 (10%) cats were colonized with MRSA. In part 2, only 1 of 8 households was identified with MRSA colonization in a pet. Most MRSA isolates obtained from humans and pets in the same household were indistinguishable by use of PFGE.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—The high prevalence of concurrent MRSA colonization as well as identification of indistinguishable strains in humans and pet dogs and cats in the same household suggested that interspecies transmission of MRSA is possible. Longitudinal studies are required to identify factors associated with interspecies transmission.
Objective—To determine the acute corn-specific
serum IgE and IgG, total serum IgE, and clinical
responses to SC administration of prophylactic vaccines
and aluminum adjuvant in corn-allergic dogs.
Animals—20 allergic and 8 nonallergic dogs.
Procedure—17 corn-allergic dogs were vaccinated.
Eight clinically normal dogs also were vaccinated as
a control group. Serum corn-specific IgE, corn-specific
IgG, and total IgE concentrations were measured
in each dog before vaccination and 1 and 3
weeks after vaccination by use of an ELISA. The
corn-allergic dogs also had serum immunoglobulin
concentrations measured at 8 and 9 weeks after
vaccination. Twenty allergic dogs received a SC
injection of aluminum adjuvant, and serum
immunoglobulin concentrations were measured in
each dog 1, 2, 3, 4, and 8 weeks after injection. The
allergic dogs were examined during the 8 weeks
after aluminum administration for clinical signs of
Results—The allergic dogs had significant increases
in serum corn-specific IgE and IgG concentrations 1
and 3 weeks after vaccination but not 8 or 9 weeks
after vaccination. Control dogs did not have a significant
change in serum immunoglobulin concentrations
after vaccination. After injection of aluminum adjuvant,
the allergic dogs did not have a significant
change in serum immunoglobulin concentrations or
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Allergen-specific
IgE and IgG concentrations increase after prophylactic
vaccination in allergic dogs but not in clinically
normal dogs. Prophylactic vaccination of dogs
with food allergies may affect results of serologic
allergen-specific immunoglobulin testing performed
within 8 weeks after vaccination. (Am J Vet Res


According to data from Informa Telecoms & Media, Android-based tablets will be nearly caught up to the iPad in 2015. Based on their predictions, Android tablets will be at 87 million sales while the iPad is at 90 million. This, they say, because of low-cost Android tablets hitting the market as well as the wider range of tablets running on Google’s mobile platform.
It’s noted that the iPad currently makes up three quarters of the tablet market. According to principal analyst at Informa Telecoms & Media, Dave McQueen, the tablet market has grown in recent years thanks to the iPad. He adds, “We expect Apple to retain its leading market share until 2015, but only just. From 2013, as cheaper and more advanced Android tablets enter the market, we forecast that sales will pick up considerably, eventually surpassing iPad sales in 2016.”
That’s quite a prediction. Sure, there will be several Android tablets on the market and only one iPad. We’ve heard this song before. Still, at this point, competitors haven’t been able to put much of a dent in the iPad’s marketshare. Apple has been in the market for quite a while and competitors don’t seem to be upping forecasts. Sometimes, it’s easy to look too hard into things and not see what’s happening right here and right now.
[Via Informa Telecoms & Media]