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The trugglemat / by Neil Brideau.
[Chicago, IL] : N. Brideau, c2007.
[MCL call number: ZINE 741.5973 BRIDEAU 2007; nine copies, no holds]
There is a grotesque creature who sneaks into town and eats up little children. Terrifying! But that’s not the worst of it — the monster seems to have warm, friendly feelings for our our unwitting, rhyming narrator. She is witness to the carnage, and the monster visits her regularly, but she is not eaten. And of course all the adults dismiss her boogeyman stories as fantasy.
* * *
Neil Brideau, the author and artist behind The Trugglemat, is also responsible for the excellent minicomic Spitting Pennies, which, I’m pleased to report, introduced the Library of Congress Subject Heading “Vomiting — Comic books, strips, etc.” to Multnomah County Library’s catalog:
Spitting pennies / by Neil Brideau.
[Chicago, IL] : N. Brideau, 2008.
[MCL call number: ZINE 741.5973 BRIDEAU 2008; five copies, no holds]
Filed under: history & geography
First class : legendary ocean liner voyages around the world / Gérard Piouffre.
New York : Vendome Press, c2009.
[MCL call number: 910.45 P662f 2009 ; three copies, no holds]
I have travelled by ship, a teeny tiny bit — not entirely surprising, really, since I have lived within 100 miles of the ocean for my entire life — but I’ve never been on a proper cruise. The times when I have slept on a ship, it hasn’t been the most pleasant experience. The engines were loud, the ship was crowded, the seas were a little rough, the ship’s appointments were less than desirable, or the trip was so long through a dark night that I was just plain bored.
But still, I thrill a bit to the romance of ocean travel. Shuffleboard and deck chairs, lavish dinners on heavy china, a library with shelves that have little rails on them to keep the books in; it doesn’t sound so bad. I don’t mean I want to take a trip aboard a modern megaship, or one of those special cruises where you get to hang out with Garrison Keillor; no, the cruise of my dreams is one that takes place in a bygone era when cruise fashions only came in natural fibers and when nothing on the ship was made of plastic; a time when you had to travel by ship, because airplanes were unavailable or reserved for daredevils with bottomless pockets. I am sure that if I were actually transported to the past to take an early twentieth century cruise I would waste no time in finding all kinds of fault with the operation, but since that’s impossible, I’m happy to daydream a bit with a nice picture book.
And First Class is a nice picture book. Individual chapters describe and feature photographs of voyages in different parts of the world, with a focus on the period between about 1890 and 1940. The essays that accompany the photographs are just meaty enough to give a sense of the history of the journeys well-off folks once took on ocean liners — and the pictures are beautiful.
* * *
If your’e truly charmed by this book, you might want to check out its companion:
First class : legendary train journeys around the world / Patrick Poivre d’Arvor.
New York : Vendome Press, c2007.
[MCL call number: 910.4 P757f 2007; two copies, one hold]
I haven’t examined it, but my guess is that it also provides a pleasant and interesting diversion.
Filed under: fiction
The disreputable history of Frankie Landau-Banks : a novel / by E. Lockhart.
New York : Hyperion, c2008.
[MCL call number: y LOCKHART; 17 copies, no holds
also in large type at: LGE-TYPE y LOCKHART 2009; three copies, no holds
and in audiobook format read by Tanya Eby Sirois at: CD YA LOCKHART; five copies, no holds
and in downloadable audiobook format read by Tanya Eby Sioris; one copy, no holds]
One of the great strengths of fiction is that it can offer readers the opportunity to pretend to be someone they are not. This isn’t always an actual pleasure for the reader — sometimes it is quite agonizing to read the part where your protagonist embarrasses herself, takes an action that hurts a loved one, or makes a terrible mistake. But overall, there is real joy in stepping into another person’s skin while reading their story.
Adolescence is a precarious time filled with possibilities, broken promises, discovery, and agony — making it an excellent stage of life for a fictional protagonist. No one escapes their teenaged years unscathed. You try something new and fail horribly, you embarrass yourself by blurting out the wrong thing, you find you have no words available when you most want to express yourself, you wish desperately for things that are made impossible by the stupid rigidity of your life and circumstances, you take emotional risks without realizing they are risks at all and then get hurt, and so on. Adolescence is glorious in its suckitude. But at its best it is also a period of intellectual growth, burgeoning independence, and intense joy in the experience of living. A few soaring highs to go with the agonizing lows.
Frankie Landau-Banks is a more or less normal 15-year-old girl who happens upon a complex (and sort of infuriating) underworld at her exclusive private school. There is a group of boys, one of whom is Frankie’s new boyfriend Matthew, running a secret society. No girls allowed. This offends Frankie’s sense of fairness, but more importantly, she wants in.
She doesn’t want in just to break a barrier, or just to get closer to Matthew — after some self-examination, Frankie realizes that what she wants most is to be recognized as intelligent, interesting, clever, and worthy of the friendship and admiration of this powerful group of kids. But, not only do they dismiss her as too young and too female to be worthy of more than cursory attention, they don’t even realize it when she finds a way to insinuate herself into their affairs. After a few months, she is running their whole show, three steps ahead of even the club’s savvy co-president, masterminding elaborate pranks and creating an unheard of buzz among the student body. Obviously she’s going to get found out, right?
These yams are delicious / Sam Sharpe
Chicago, IL : Viewotron Press, c2009.
[MCL call number: ZINE 741.5973 SHARPE 2009; six copies, no holds]
A frustrated cartoonist is trying to work, but is interrupted at his drafting table by his cat. And then he is interrupted again by his cat, this time wearing a space helmet and accompanied by, um, his cat. The cartoonist and the cat and the cat with the space helmet are then joined by the cartoonist in a space helmet, who reveals that they’re visiting from the future. Unfortunately, the frustrated cartoonist’s future self is a little cranky, and not very interested in giving counsel on what the future brings.
Sam Sharpe’s cartooning is beautiful, clear, and effective; and the story is so short, sweet, and odd that I found it merited re-reading several times, pretty much immediately.
My time annihilator : a brief history of 1930’s science fiction fanzines / [by Christopher U.].
Glendale, KY : [s.n.], 2008.
[MCL call number: ZINE 070.572 U 2008; six copies, no holds]
When people investigate zines today and try to assign ancestors, antecedents, or roots to them, the two places they generally look to are the punk rock fanzines of the 1970s, and the science fiction and fantasy fanzines of the 1930s. These are not the only places to find zine history, not the only past traditions that have affected today’s zine creators and readers, but it is true that the connections are strong. (Though of course there is no doubt that many latter-day zine creators have done their work without ever hearing of, or realizing they had any ties to either either punk or sci fi fanzine creators.)
And it’s easy to see why a devoted zine creator or reader might be interested in exploring the long-gone world of early science fiction zines in particular. Fandom of any sort creates an inherently intriguing sort of subculture — the very practice of fandom is a celebration of deeply connecting to a specific world, and showing off, sharing, and expanding on that world with other fans. There is something compelling about this intensity of focus. Perhaps the most magnetic aspect for latter-day zinesters, though, is the simple notion that there were people making zines 80 years ago, people without access to photocopiers, who’d never seen an issue of Beer Frame or Duplex Planet or Doris. We might be able to just barely imagine life in the 1930s, but adding an understanding of a long-gone subculture into that picture is difficult. Learning about antique zines begins to do the trick.
Christopher U. reports that he stumbled on a copy of The Fanzine Index at his local library. It piqued his interest, and he eventually tracked down an archive of early 20th century science fiction fanzines and examined them too. My Time Annihilator reports on and discusses this endeavor.
After a brief introduction explaining how he came across the trove of old zines, Christopher takes readers through a brief, helpful history of sci fi fanzinedom, covering matters both philosophical and practical. He discusses the social context that inspired 1930s and 40s sci fi zine creation; outlines typical fanzine formats, binding, and graphic design strategies; and explains some of the technical details of printing and distribution methods zinesters used. This is followed by a selection of excerpts from some of the fanzines he examined.
The explanatory parts are clear, interesting, and even show the potential to be of practical use for anyone who might want to use the methodology of zines of old. But overall, Christopher’s take is a little jaundiced — and perhaps rightly so. He sums up his experience reading through the zine archive in a section titled “Let down. . .”:
“. . . i found that actually reading these fanzines was massively boring. i really don’t know anything about obscure 40’s science fiction and the zines were so full of inside jokes and nerd jargon that not much of it made sense anyway. words like ‘gods, demons and beer’ were inexplicably written as ‘ghods, dhemons, and bheer.’ . . . after thinking about it, there really isn’t that much difference between the science fictions [sic] fanzines of the early 20th century and the punk zines of the 90’s. our zines deal with obscure bands, rambling stories about fests, tons of inside jokes and typographic slang (e.g. ‘have a crucial youth cruew sesh and get a riot grrrl ‘zine from the distro’). unless you happen to be steeped in modern punk culture, you would probably get as much out of the most recent MAXIMUMROCKANDROLL as i do out of ‘le zombie’ #59. which isn’t much.”
Still, you’re pretty likely to be charmed by old timey sci fi zinedom, if you look at the choice excerpts Christopher provides. My favorites are:
- A flowchart which takes science fiction plots from the opening word “Earth” through through a variety of grim finales like “so they kill us (The End),” and “which turns them into disgusting lumps (The End).”
- The cover of FemiZine number 11, from 1949, featuring a drawing of a group of women in a protest march with signs like “No new names for FemiZine” and “Down with Distaff.” It may be that I find this interesting mostly because there is no way to grasp the context, but it’s also true that the drawing is very cute — I particularly like the three ladies in front, who are all wearing heels and nice coats.
- A collection of post card zines, called “news cards,” typewritten with incredibly brief newsbites announcing new publications, travel plans, and in one example from 1943: “We humbly announce final issue. Paucity of worthwhile news forbids weekly publication; my imminent induction also a factor.”
* * *
Additional analysis of zine history and culture can be found in Amy Spencer’s DIY: The Rise of Lo-fi Culture (London ; New York : Marion Boyars, 2005), which I reviewed in Duck Duck Book number 30 and found interesting but flawed; and in Frederic Wertham’s The World of Fanzines: A Special Form of Communication (Carbondale, Southern Illinois University Press ). Comics lovers among you may recognize Wertham’s name — he is most famous for his 1954 book Seduction of the Innocent, which inspired the Comics Code. But his work on early fanzines is pretty interesting, and has lots of facsimiles to illustrate it.


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Rubix Cube's, Knight Rider, The Nintendo and Dirty Dancing - all reasons why we love the 80s! But the one thing that defines this decade was the incredible music that was produced in this era be it pop, electronic or disco.
It was during these years that some of the world’s greatest artists including Michael Jackson, Madonna and George Michael cemented themselves in pop music history. So crimp those ponytails, coiffure those quiffs and dust off your 80s garments, it’s time to go back.
Having started life 6 years ago as a festival and now entertaining over 100,000 people every year, REWIND brings you 45 huge unforgettable anthems that will take you back to those good old days.
This incredible 3CD collection features the biggest 80s hits from the some of the most talented acts, all laced with nothing but pure nostalgia. We start our journey on CD1 with the biggest pop anthems from Rick Astley, Chesney Hawkes, Jason Donovan, Billy Ocean and Culture Club before we move into synth pop classics on CD2 from The Human League, Soft Cell, Frankie Goes To Hollywood and ABC. Finally we end on CD3 where every party should– the dancefloor with classic Disco anthems from Kool & The Gang, Earth, Wind & Fire, The Real Thing and the Village People.
80s music has never sounded so good so take a trip down memory lane with the biggest 80s album ever, 'quit your jibber jabber' and get your copy now!

domain: artistic


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Author: William R. Spiegelberger*
Published: March 2007
Enforcement of Arbitral Awards
Sources of Arbitration Law
This article is intended to provide a comprehensive and analytical description of the enforcement of foreign arbitral awards in Russia today. Although there have been several treatments of this subject, recent amendments to Russian law have rendered many in need of revision. Moreover, no commentator, as far as the author is aware, has endeavored to examine the aggregate body of published Russian court decisions that have enforced or refused to enforce foreign arbitral awards.
It would be a mistake to ignore the cases. The old Russian adage “don’t fear the court, fear the judge” is not completely inapt when it comes to the enforcement of foreign arbitral awards in Russia. Russian judges have sometimes reached what an outside observer might cosider surprising results in otherwise straightforward cases. Although the aberrant cases are not “law” in the sense of having precedential value, they do affect the parties involved in the most immediate way possible: an award is either enforced and thereby converted into something of value, or it is refused enforcement and the winning party’s damages (and costs and time and trouble) go uncompensated. Thus, it is not enough to understand what the law is, one must also know what the judges do.
*White & Case LLC, Moscow.

domain: law


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Most Downloaded Progress in Lipid Research Articles
Manabu T. Nakamura | Barbara E. Yudell | Juan J. Loor
Abstract: In mammals, excess energy is stored primarily as triglycerides, which are mobilized when energy demands arise. This review mainly focuses on the role of long chain fatty acids (LCFAs) in regulating energy metabolism as ligands of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs). PPAR-alpha expressed primarily in liver is essential for metabolic adaptation to starvation by inducing genes for beta-oxidation and ketogenesis and by downregulating energy expenditure through fibroblast growth factor 21. PPAR-delta is highly expressed in skeletal muscle and induces genes for LCFA oxidation during fasting and endurance exercise. PPAR-delta also regulates glucose metabolism and mitochondrial biogenesis by inducing FOXO1 and PGC1-alpha. Genes targeted by PPAR-gamma in adipocytes suggest that PPAR-gamma senses incoming non-esterified LCFAs and induces the pathways to store LCFAs as triglycerides. Adiponectin, another important target of PPAR-gamma may act as a spacer between adipocytes to maintain their metabolic activity and insulin sensitivity. Another topic of this review is effects of skin LCFAs on energy metabolism. Specific LCFAs are required for the synthesis of skin lipids, which are essential for water barrier and thermal insulation functions of the skin. Disturbance of skin lipid metabolism often causes apparent resistance to developing obesity at the expense of normal skin function.
2. Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) from genesis to senescence: The influence of LCPUFA on neural development, aging, and neurodegeneration
Carola I.F. Janssen | Amanda J. Kiliaan
Abstract: Many clinical and animal studies demonstrate the importance of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) in neural development and neurodegeneration. This review will focus on involvement of LCPUFA from genesis to senescence. The LCPUFA docosahexaenoic acid and arachidonic acid are important components of neuronal membranes, while eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, and arachidonic acid also affect cardiovascular health and inflammation.In neural development, LCPUFA deficiency can lead to severe disorders like schizophrenia and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Perinatal LCPUFA supplementation demonstrated beneficial effects in neural development in humans and rodents resulting in improved cognition and sensorimotor integration.In normal aging, the effect of LCPUFA on prevention of cognitive impairment will be discussed. LCPUFA are important for neuronal membrane integrity and function, and also contribute in prevention of brain hypoperfusion. Cerebral perfusion can be compromised as result of obesity, cerebrovascular disease, hypertension, or diabetes mellitus type 2.Last, we will focus on the role of LCPUFA in most common neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease. These disorders are characterized by impaired cognition and connectivity and both clinical and animal supplementation studies have shown the potential of LCPUFA to decrease neurodegeneration and inflammation. This review shows that LCPUFA are essential throughout life.
Ming-Hua Liang | Jian-Guo Jiang
Abstract: With the depletion of global petroleum and its increasing price, biodiesel has been becoming one of the most promising biofuels for global fuels market. Researchers exploit oleaginous microorganisms for biodiesel production due to their short life cycle, less labor required, less affection by venue, and easier to scale up. Many oleaginous microorganisms can accumulate lipids, especially triacylglycerols (TAGs), which are the main materials for biodiesel production. This review is covering the related researches on different oleaginous microorganisms, such as yeast, mold, bacteria and microalgae, which might become the potential oil feedstocks for biodiesel production in the future, showing that biodiesel from oleaginous microorganisms has a great prospect in the development of biomass energy. Microbial oils biosynthesis process includes fatty acid synthesis approach and TAG synthesis approach. In addition, the strategies to increase lipids accumulation via metabolic engineering technology, involving the enhancement of fatty acid synthesis approach, the enhancement of TAG synthesis approach, the regulation of related TAG biosynthesis bypass approaches, the blocking of competing pathways and the multi-gene approach, are discussed in detail. It is suggested that DGAT and ME are the most promising targets for gene transformation, and reducing PEPC activity is observed to be beneficial for lipid production.
Susanne E. Horvath | Günther Daum
Abstract: A unique organelle for studying membrane biochemistry is the mitochondrion whose functionality depends on a coordinated supply of proteins and lipids. Mitochondria are capable of synthesizing several lipids autonomously such as phosphatidylglycerol, cardiolipin and in part phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidic acid and CDP-diacylglycerol. Other mitochondrial membrane lipids such as phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylinositol, sterols and sphingolipids have to be imported. The mitochondrial lipid composition, the biosynthesis and the import of mitochondrial lipids as well as the regulation of these processes will be main issues of this review article. Furthermore, interactions of lipids and mitochondrial proteins which are highly important for various mitochondrial processes will be discussed. Malfunction or loss of enzymes involved in mitochondrial phospholipid biosynthesis lead to dysfunction of cell respiration, affect the assembly and stability of the mitochondrial protein import machinery and cause abnormal mitochondrial morphology or even lethality. Molecular aspects of these processes as well as diseases related to defects in the formation of mitochondrial membranes will be described.
Marco Sisignano | David L.H. Bennett | Gerd Geisslinger | Klaus Scholich
Abstract: TRP-channels are the most prominent family of ligand-gated ion channels for pain perception. In sensory neurons, TRPV1–V4, TRPA1 and TRPM8 are expressed and are responsible for the conversion of external stimuli to painful sensations. Under pathophysiological conditions, excessive activity of TRP-channels leads to mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia. Among the endogenous TRP-channel sensitizers, activators and inhibitors, more than 50 arachidonic acid- and linoleic acid-metabolites from the COX-, LOX- and CYP-pathways, as well as lysophospholipids and isoprenoids can be found. As a consequence, these lipids represent the vast majority of endogenous TRP-channel modulators in sensory neurons. Although the precise mechanisms of TRP-channel modulation by most lipids are still unknown, it became clear that lipids can either bind directly to the target TRP-channel or modulate TRP-channels indirectly by activating G-protein coupled receptors. Thus, TRP-channels seem to be key sensors for lipids, integrating and interpreting incoming signals from the different metabolic lipid pathways. Here, we discuss the specific properties of the currently known endogenous lipid-derived TRP-channel modulators concerning their ability to activate or inhibit TRP-channels, the molecular mechanisms of lipid/TRP-channel interactions and specific TRP-regulatory characteristics of the individual lipid families.
Irina A. Guschina | John L. Harwood
Abstract: Eukaryotic algae are a very diverse group of organisms which inhabit a huge range of ecosystems from the Antarctic to deserts. They account for over half the primary productivity at the base of the food chain. In recent years studies on the lipid biochemistry of algae has shifted from experiments with a few model organisms to encompass a much larger number of, often unusual, algae. This has led to the discovery of new compounds, including major membrane components, as well as the elucidation of lipid signalling pathways. A major drive in recent research have been attempts to discover genes that code for expression of the various proteins involved in the production of very long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids such as arachidonic, eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids. Such work is described here together with information about how environmental factors, such as light, temperature or minerals, can change algal lipid metabolism and how adaptation may take place.
7. Lipolysis – A highly regulated multi-enzyme complex mediates the catabolism of cellular fat stores
Achim Lass | Robert Zimmermann | Monika Oberer | Rudolf Zechner
Summary: Lipolysis is the biochemical pathway responsible for the catabolism of triacylglycerol (TAG) stored in cellular lipid droplets. The hydrolytic cleavage of TAG generates non-esterified fatty acids, which are subsequently used as energy substrates, essential precursors for lipid and membrane synthesis, or mediators in cell signaling processes. Consistent with its central importance in lipid and energy homeostasis, lipolysis occurs in essentially all tissues and cell types, it is most abundant, however, in white and brown adipose tissue. Over the last 5years, important enzymes and regulatory protein factors involved in lipolysis have been identified. These include an essential TAG hydrolase named adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) [annotated as patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein A2], the ATGL activator comparative gene identification-58 [annotated as α/β hydrolase containing protein 5], and the ATGL inhibitor G0/G1 switch gene 2. Together with the established hormone-sensitive lipase [annotated as lipase E] and monoglyceride lipase, these proteins constitute the basic “lipolytic machinery”. Additionally, a large number of hormonal signaling pathways and lipid droplet-associated protein factors regulate substrate access and the activity of the “lipolysome”. This review summarizes the current knowledge concerning the enzymes and regulatory processes governing lipolysis of fat stores in adipose and non-adipose tissues. Special emphasis will be given to ATGL, its regulation, and physiological function.
Joshua B. Parsons | Charles O. Rock
Abstract: Membrane lipid homeostasis is a vital facet of bacterial cell physiology. For decades, research in bacterial lipid synthesis was largely confined to the Escherichia coli model system. This basic research provided a blueprint for the biochemistry of lipid metabolism that has largely defined the individual steps in bacterial fatty acid and phospholipids synthesis. The advent of genomic sequencing has revealed a surprising amount of diversity in the genes, enzymes and genetic organization of the components responsible for bacterial lipid synthesis. Although the chemical steps in fatty acid synthesis are largely conserved in bacteria, there are surprising differences in the structure and cofactor requirements for the enzymes that perform these reactions in Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. This review summarizes how the explosion of new information on the diversity of biochemical and genetic regulatory mechanisms has impacted our understanding of bacterial lipid homeostasis. The potential and problems of developing therapeutics that block pathogen phospholipid synthesis are explored and evaluated. The study of bacterial lipid metabolism continues to be a rich source for new biochemistry that underlies the variety and adaptability of bacterial life styles.
Shane R. Ellis | Simon H. Brown | Marc in het Panhuis | Stephen J. Blanksby | Todd W. Mitchell
Abstract: Mass spectrometry is now an indispensable tool for lipid analysis and is arguably the driving force in the renaissance of lipid research. In its various forms, mass spectrometry is uniquely capable of resolving the extensive compositional and structural diversity of lipids in biological systems. Furthermore, it provides the ability to accurately quantify molecular-level changes in lipid populations associated with changes in metabolism and environment; bringing lipid science to the “omics” age. The recent explosion of mass spectrometry-based surface analysis techniques is fuelling further expansion of the lipidomics field. This is evidenced by the numerous papers published on the subject of mass spectrometric imaging of lipids in recent years. While imaging mass spectrometry provides new and exciting possibilities, it is but one of the many opportunities direct surface analysis offers the lipid researcher. In this review we describe the current state-of-the-art in the direct surface analysis of lipids with a focus on tissue sections, intact cells and thin-layer chromatography substrates. The suitability of these different approaches towards analysis of the major lipid classes along with their current and potential applications in the field of lipid analysis are evaluated.
Ismael Galve-Roperh | Valerio Chiurchiù | Javier Díaz-Alonso | Monica Bari | Manuel Guzmán | Mauro Maccarrone
Abstract: Cannabinoids, the active components of cannabis (Cannabis sativa) extracts, have attracted the attention of human civilizations for centuries, much earlier than the discovery and characterization of their substrate of action, the endocannabinoid system (ECS). The latter is an ensemble of endogenous lipids, their receptors [in particular type-1 (CB1) and type-2 (CB2) cannabinoid receptors] and metabolic enzymes. Cannabinoid signaling regulates cell proliferation, differentiation and survival, with different outcomes depending on the molecular targets and cellular context involved. Cannabinoid receptors are expressed and functional from the very early developmental stages, when they regulate embryonic and trophoblast stem cell survival and differentiation, and thus may affect the formation of manifold adult specialized tissues derived from the three different germ layers (ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm). In the ectoderm-derived nervous system, both CB1 and CB2 receptors are present in neural progenitor/stem cells and control their self-renewal, proliferation and differentiation. CB1 and CB2 show opposite patterns of expression, the former increasing and the latter decreasing along neuronal differentiation. Recently, endocannabinoid (eCB) signaling has also been shown to regulate proliferation and differentiation of mesoderm-derived hematopoietic and mesenchymal stem cells, with a key role in determining the formation of several cell types in peripheral tissues, including blood cells, adipocytes, osteoblasts/osteoclasts and epithelial cells. Here, we will review these new findings, which unveil the involvement of eCB signaling in the regulation of progenitor/stem cell fate in the nervous system and in the periphery. The developmental regulation of cannabinoid receptor expression and cellular/subcellular localization, together with their role in progenitor/stem cell biology, may have important implications in human health and disease.
Giovanni Musso | Roberto Gambino | Maurizio Cassader
Abstract: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease in Western countries and is considered the hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome. The hallmark of NAFLD is hepatic neutral lipid accumulation, mainly triacylglycerol, in the absence of significant ethanol consumption, viral infection or other specific etiologies. Hepatic lipid accumulation results from an imbalance between lipid availability (from circulating lipid uptake or de novo lipogenesis) and lipid disposal (via free fatty acid oxidation or triglyceride-rich lipoprotein secretion) and eventually triggers lipoperoxidative stress and hepatic injury. Each of these steps is altered in NAFLD, although to a different extent. Regulation of these pathways is complex and involves nuclear receptors, membrane transport proteins and cellular enzymes. We will review available data on different steps of hepatic lipid metabolism in NAFLD and recent advances in understanding molecular mechanisms underlying hepatic fat accumulation in these subjects.
12. Acyltransferases and transacylases that determine the fatty acid composition of glycerolipids and the metabolism of bioactive lipid mediators in mammalian cells and model organisms
Atsushi Yamashita | Yasuhiro Hayashi | Yoko Nemoto-Sasaki | Makoto Ito | Saori Oka | Takashi Tanikawa | Keizo Waku | Takayuki Sugiura
Abstract: Over one hundred different phospholipid molecular species are known to be present in mammalian cells and tissues. Fatty acid remodeling systems for phospholipids including acyl-CoA:lysophospholipid acyltransferases, CoA-dependent and CoA-independent transacylation systems, are involved in the biosynthesis of these molecular species. Acyl-CoA:lysophospholipid acyltransferase system is involved in the synthesis of phospholipid molecular species containing sn-1 saturated and sn-2 unsaturated fatty acids. The CoA-dependent transacylation system catalyzes the transfer of fatty acids esterified in phospholipids to lysophospholipids in the presence of CoA without the generation of free fatty acids. The CoA-dependent transacylation reaction in the rat liver exhibits strict fatty acid specificity, i.e., three types of fatty acids (20:4, 18:2 and 18:0) are transferred. On the other hand, CoA-independent transacylase catalyzes the transfer of C20 and C22 polyunsaturated fatty acids from diacyl phospholipids to various lysophospholipids, especially ether-containing lysophospholipids, in the absence of any cofactors. CoA-independent transacylase is assumed to be involved in the accumulation of PUFA in ether-containing phospholipids. These enzymes are involved in not only the remodeling of fatty acids, but also the synthesis and degradation of some bioactive lipids and their precursors. In this review, recent progresses in acyltransferase research including the identification of the enzyme’s genes are described.
Max Lafontan | Dominique Langin
Abstract: Triacylglycerol (TAG) stored in adipose tissue (AT) can be rapidly mobilized by the hydrolytic action of the three main lipases of the adipocyte. The non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) released are used by other tissues during times of energy deprivation. Until recently hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) was considered to be the key rate-limiting enzyme responsible for regulating TAG mobilization. A novel lipase named adipose triglyceride lipase/desnutrin (ATGL) has been identified as playing an important role in the control of fat cell lipolysis. Additionally perilipin and other proteins of the surface of the lipid droplets protecting or exposing the TAG core of the droplets to lipases are also potent regulators of lipolysis. Considerable progress has been made in understanding the mechanisms of activation of the various lipases. Lipolysis is under tight hormonal regulation. The best understood hormonal effects on AT lipolysis concern the opposing regulation by insulin and catecholamines. Heart-derived natriuretic peptides (i.e., stored in granules in the atrial and ventricle cardiomyocytes and exerting stimulating effects on diuresis and natriuresis) and numerous autocrine/paracrine factors originating from adipocytes and other cells of the stroma-vascular fraction may also participate in the regulation of lipolysis. Endocrine and autocrine/paracrine factors cooperate and lead to a fine regulation of lipolysis in adipocytes. Age, anatomical site, sex, genotype and species differences all play a part in the regulation of lipolysis. The manipulation of lipolysis has therapeutic potential in the metabolic disorders frequently associated with obesity and probably in several inborn errors of metabolism.
14. Lipidomics in situ: Insights into plant lipid metabolism from high resolution spatial maps of metabolites
Patrick J. Horn | Kent D. Chapman
Abstract: The emergence of ‘omics’ technologies (i.e. genomics, proteomics, metabolomics, etc.) have revealed new avenues for exploring plant metabolism through data-rich experimentation and integration of complementary methodologies. Over the past decade, the lipidomics field has benefited from advances in instrumentation, especially mass spectrometry (MS)-based approaches that are well-suited for detailed lipid analysis. The broad classification of what constitutes a lipid lends itself to a structurally diverse range of molecules that contribute to a variety of biological processes in plants including membrane structure and transport, primary and secondary metabolism, abiotic and biotic stress tolerances, extracellular and intracellular signaling, and energy-rich storage of carbon. Progress in these research areas has been advanced in part through approaches analyzing chemical compositions of lipids in extracts from cells, tissues and/or whole organisms (e.g. shotgun lipidomics), and through visualization approaches primarily through microscopy-based methodologies (e.g. fluorescence, bright field, electron microscopy, etc.). While these techniques on their own provide rich biochemical and biological information, coordinated analyses of the complexity of lipid composition with the localization of these lipids at a high spatial resolution will help to develop a new level of understanding of lipid metabolism within the context of tissue/cellular compartmentation. This review will elaborate on recent advances of one such approach – mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) – that integrates in situ visualization with chemical-based lipidomics. We will illustrate, with an emphasis on oilseed lipid metabolism, how MS imaging can provide new insights and questions related to the spatial compartmentation of lipid metabolism in plants. Further it will be apparent that this MS imaging approach has broad application in plant metabolic research well beyond that of triacylglycerol biosynthesis in oilseeds.
Giovanni Musso | Roberto Gambino | Maurizio Cassader
Abstract: Emerging experimental and human evidence has linked altered hepatic cholesterol homeostasis and free cholesterol (FC) accumulation to the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic steatohepatits (NASH). This review focuses on cellular mechanisms of cholesterol toxicity involved in liver injury and on alterations in cholesterol homeostasis promoting hepatic cholesterol overload in NASH.FC accumulation injures hepatocytes directly, by disrupting mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane integrity, triggering mitochondrial oxidative injury and ER stress, and by promoting generation of toxic oxysterols, and indirectly, by inducing adipose tissue dysfunction. Accumulation of oxidized LDL particles may also activate Kupffer and hepatic stellate cells, promoting liver inflammation and fibrogenesis.Hepatic cholesterol accumulation is driven by a deeply deranged cellular cholesterol homeostasis, characterized by elevated cholesterol synthesis and uptake from circulating lipoproteins and by a reduced cholesterol excretion. Extensive dysregulation of cellular cholesterol homeostasis by nuclear transcription factors sterol regulatory binding protein (SREBP)-2, liver X-receptor (LXR)-α and farnesoid X receptor (FXR) plays a key role in hepatic cholesterol accumulation in NASH. The therapeutic implications and opportunities for normalizing cellular cholesterol homeostasis in these patients are also discussed.
Hemant Poudyal | Sunil K. Panchal | Vishal Diwan | Lindsay Brown
Abstract: Epidemiological, human, animal, and cell culture studies show that n−3 fatty acids, especially α-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), reduce the risk factors of cardiovascular diseases. EPA and DHA, rather than ALA, have been the focus of research on the n−3 fatty acids, probably due to the relatively inefficient conversion of ALA to EPA and DHA in rodents and humans. This review will assess our current understanding of the effects and potential mechanisms of actions of individual n−3 fatty acids on multiple risk factors of metabolic syndrome. Evidence for pharmacological responses and the mechanism of action of each of the n−3 fatty acid trio will be discussed for the major risk factors of metabolic syndrome, especially adiposity, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance and diabetes, hypertension, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Metabolism of n−3 and n−6 fatty acids as well as the interactions of n−3 fatty acids with nutrients, gene expression, and disease states will be addressed to provide a rationale for the use of n−3 fatty acids to reduce the risk factors of metabolic syndrome.
Guodong Zhang | Sean Kodani | Bruce D. Hammock
Abstract: Epoxygenated fatty acids (EpFAs), which are lipid mediators produced by cytochrome P450 epoxygenases from polyunsaturated fatty acids, are important signaling molecules known to regulate various biological processes including inflammation, pain and angiogenesis. The EpFAs are further metabolized by soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) to form fatty acid diols which are usually less-active. Pharmacological inhibitors of sEH that stabilize endogenous EpFAs are being considered for human clinical uses. Here we review the biology of ω-3 and ω-6 EpFAs on inflammation, pain, angiogenesis and tumorigenesis.
18. Application of stable isotopes to investigate the metabolism of fatty acids, glycerophospholipid and sphingolipid species
Josef Ecker | Gerhard Liebisch
Abstract: Nature provides an enormous diversity of lipid molecules that originate from various pathways. To gain insight into the metabolism and dynamics of lipid species, the application of stable isotope-labeled tracers combined with mass spectrometric analysis represents a perfect tool. This review provides an overview of strategies to track fatty acid, glycerophospholipid, and sphingolipid metabolism. In particular, the selection of stable isotope-labeled precursors and their mass spectrometric analysis is discussed. Furthermore, examples of metabolic studies that were performed in cell culture, animal and clinical experiments are presented.
Nousheen Zaidi | Leslie Lupien | Nancy B. Kuemmerle | William B. Kinlaw | Johannes V. Swinnen | Karine Smans
Abstract: One of the most important metabolic hallmarks of cancer cells is enhanced lipogenesis. Depending on the tumor type, tumor cells synthesize up to 95% of saturated and mono-unsaturated fatty acids (FA) de novo in spite of sufficient dietary lipid supply. This lipogenic conversion starts early when cells become cancerous and further expands as the tumor cells become more malignant. It is suggested that activation of FA synthesis is required for carcinogenesis and for tumor cell survival. These observations suggest that the enzymes involved in FA synthesis would be rational therapeutic targets for cancer treatment. However, several recent reports have shown that the anti-tumor effects, following inhibition of endogenous FA synthesis in cancer cell lines may be obviated by adding exogenous FAs. Additionally, high intake of dietary fat is reported to be a potential risk factor for development and poor prognosis for certain cancers. Recently it was reported that breast and liposarcoma tumors are equipped for both de novo fatty acid synthesis pathway as well as LPL-mediated extracellular lipolysis. These observations indicate that lipolytically acquired FAs may provide an additional source of FAs for cancer. This review focuses on our current understanding of lipogenic and lipolytic pathways in cancer cell progression.
Kathleen M. Botham | Caroline P.D. Wheeler-Jones
Abstract: Blood levels of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRL) increase postprandially, and a delay in their clearance results in postprandial hyperlipidemia, an important risk factor in atherosclerosis development. Atherosclerosis is a multifactorial inflammatory disease, and its initiation involves endothelial dysfunction, invasion of the artery wall by leukocytes and subsequent formation of foam cells. TRL are implicated in several of these inflammatory processes, including the formation of damaging free radicals, leukocyte activation, endothelial dysfunction and foam cell formation. Recent studies have provided insights into the mechanisms of uptake and the signal transduction pathways mediating the interactions of TRL with leukocytes and vascular cells, and how they are modified by dietary lipids. Multiple receptor and non-receptor mediated pathways function in macrophage uptake of TRL. TRL also induce expression of adhesion molecules, cyclooxygenase-2 and heme-oxygenase-1 in endothelial cells, and activate intracellular signaling pathways involving mitogen-activated protein kinases, NF-κB and Nrf2. Many of these effects are strongly influenced by dietary components carried in TRL. There is extensive evidence indicating that raised postprandial TRL levels are a risk factor for atherosclerosis, but the molecular mechanisms involved are only now becoming appreciated. Here, we review current understanding of the mechanisms by which TRL influence vascular cell function.
Athanasios Beopoulos | Julien Cescut | Ramdane Haddouche | Jean-Louis Uribelarrea | Carole Molina-Jouve | Jean-Marc Nicaud
Abstract: The yeast Yarrowia lipolytica has developed very efficient mechanisms for breaking down and using hydrophobic substrates. It is considered an oleaginous yeast, based on its ability to accumulate large amounts of lipids. Completion of the sequencing of the Y. lipolytica genome and the existence of suitable tools for genetic manipulation have made it possible to use the metabolic function of this species for biotechnological applications. In this review, we describe the coordinated pathways of lipid metabolism, storage and mobilization in this yeast, focusing in particular on the roles and regulation of the various enzymes and organelles involved in these processes. The physiological responses of Y. lipolytica to hydrophobic substrates include surface-mediated and direct interfacial transport processes, the production of biosurfactants, hydrophobization of the cytoplasmic membrane and the formation of protrusions. We also discuss culture conditions, including the mode of culture control and the culture medium, as these conditions can be modified to enhance the accumulation of lipids with a specific composition and to identify links between various biological processes occurring in the cells of this yeast. Examples are presented demonstrating the potential use of Y. lipolytica in fatty-acid bioconversion, substrate valorization and single-cell oil production. Finally, this review also discusses recent progress in our understanding of the metabolic fate of hydrophobic compounds within the cell: their terminal oxidation, further degradation or accumulation in the form of intracellular lipid bodies.
David Julian McClements
Abstract: Food-grade nanoemulsions are being increasingly used in the food and beverage industry to encapsulate, protect, and deliver hydrophobic functional components, such as oil-soluble flavors, colors, preservatives, vitamins, and nutraceuticals. These nanoemulsions contain lipid nanoparticles (radius <100nm) whose physicochemical characteristics (e.g., composition, dimensions, structure, charge, and physical state) can be controlled by selection of appropriate ingredients and fabrication techniques. Nanoemulsions have a number of potential advantages over conventional emulsions for applications within the food industry: higher stability to particle aggregation and gravitational separation; higher optical transparency; and, increased bioavailability of encapsulated components. On the other hand, there are also some risks associated with consumption of lipid nanoparticles that should be considered before they are widely utilized, such as their ability to alter the fate of bioactive components within the gastrointestinal tract and the potential toxicity of some of the components used in their fabrication (e.g., surfactants and organic solvents). This article provides an overview of the current status of the biological fate and potential toxicity of food-grade lipid nanoparticles suitable for utilization within the food and beverage industry.
23. Checks and balances in membrane phospholipid class and acyl chain homeostasis, the yeast perspective
Anton I.P.M. de Kroon | Pieter J. Rijken | Cedric H. De Smet
Abstract: Glycerophospholipids are the most abundant membrane lipid constituents in most eukaryotic cells. As a consequence, phospholipid class and acyl chain homeostasis are crucial for maintaining optimal physical properties of membranes that in turn are crucial for membrane function. The topic of this review is our current understanding of membrane phospholipid homeostasis in the reference eukaryote Saccharomyces cerevisiae. After introducing the physical parameters of the membrane that are kept in optimal range, the properties of the major membrane phospholipids and their contributions to membrane structure and dynamics are summarized. Phospholipid metabolism and known mechanisms of regulation are discussed, including potential sensors for monitoring membrane physical properties. Special attention is paid to processes that maintain the phospholipid class specific molecular species profiles, and to the interplay between phospholipid class and acyl chain composition when yeast membrane lipid homeostasis is challenged. Based on the reviewed studies, molecular species selectivity of the lipid metabolic enzymes, and mass action in acyl-CoA metabolism are put forward as important intrinsic contributors to membrane lipid homeostasis.
Tamara Wriessnegger | Harald Pichler
Abstract: Terpenoids comprise various structures conferring versatile functions to eukaryotes, for example in the form of prenyl-anchors they attach proteins to membranes. The physiology of eukaryotic membranes is fine-tuned by another terpenoid class, namely sterols. Evidence is accumulating that numerous membrane proteins require specific sterol structural features for function. Moreover, sterols are intermediates in the synthesis of steroids serving as hormones in higher eukaryotes. Like steroids many compounds of the terpenoid family do not contribute to membrane architecture, but serve as signalling, protective or attractant/repellent molecules. Particularly plants have developed a plenitude of terpenoid biosynthetic routes branching off early in the sterol biosynthesis pathway and, thereby, forming one of the largest groups of naturally occurring organic compounds. Many of these aromatic and volatile molecules are interesting for industrial application ranging from foods to pharmaceuticals. Combining the fortunate situation that sterol biosynthesis is highly conserved in eukaryotes with the amenability of yeasts to genetic and metabolic engineering, basically all naturally occurring terpenoids might be produced involving yeasts. Such engineered yeasts are useful for the study of biological functions and molecular interactions of terpenoids as well as for the large-scale production of high-value compounds, which are unavailable in sufficient amounts from natural sources due to their low abundance.
Bruno M. Castro | Manuel Prieto | Liana C. Silva
Abstract: Ceramides are involved in a variety of cellular processes and in disease. Their biological functions are thought to depend on ceramides’ unique biophysical properties, which promote strong alterations of cell membrane properties and consequent triggering of signaling events. Over the last decades, efforts were made to understand the impact of ceramide on membrane biophysical features. Several studies, performed in a multitude of membrane models, address ceramides’ specific interactions, the effect of their acyl chain structure and the influence of membrane lipid composition and properties on ceramide biophysical outcome. In this review, a rationale for the multiple and complex changes promoted by ceramide is provided, highlighting, on a comprehensive and critical manner, the interactions between ceramides and specific lipids and/or lipid phases. Focus is also given to the interplay between ceramide and cholesterol, particularly in lipid raft-mimicking mixtures, an issue of intense debate due to the urgent need to understand the biophysical impact of ceramide formation in models resembling the cell membrane. The implications of ceramide-induced biophysical changes on lipid–protein interactions and cell signaling are also discussed, together with the emerging evidence for the existence of ceramide-gel like domains in cellular membranes.

domain: literature


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Minecraft player makes meticulous recreation of Springfield from ‘The Simpsons’
Minecraft and The Simpsons, two cultural behemoths who have seemingly been around forever, have now crossed over in an unbelievably ambitious project.
Reddit user /u/BlocksterCraft took to the Minecraft subreddit to show off their brand new creation: a meticulously crafted and astonishingly detailed Minecraft version of Springfield, the fictional town of The Simpsons.
Everything you can think of is here: 742 Evergreen Terrace, Moe’s Tavern, Springfield Presbyterian Hospital, Krusty Burger, Springfield Town Hall, KBBL, Kwik-E-Mart, and pretty much every major location visited by Homer and co.
The user went on to explain in the comments that they were working on interiors for the buildings, as well as activities to do in this world. They have even gotten their own voice actors on board to add some humanity to the blocky world they’ve created.
Many commenters were immediately shot back to the early 2000s and the cult classic The Simpsons: Hit & Run video game, which is nearly always atop fan lists for games to be remade for the modern-day.
Just a few months ago, a YouTuber and game designer by the handle of Reubs” recreated the game, detailing how he did so in a video.

domain: design


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Doral Welcomes New BOD Member
Doral welcomed the addition of Brad Heidelberg, Esq. to Doral's Board of Directors. Heidelberg's election to the Board will backfill the Board's current vacancy and is deemed to be effective as of June 4, 2010.
Brad is a native West Texan who currently practices oil and gas law within the Permian Basin. Brad has an undergraduate degree from Texas A&M University and a law degree from the Texas Tech University School of Law. His past legal experience includes duties as a former assistant district attorney of Midland County. Additional work experience includes working for the Austin based law firm of Linebarger Goggan Blair and Sampson, LLP.
Since 2005, Heidelberg is self employed and has worked exclusively on legal title opinions for oil and gas transactions located within the Permian Basin. Brad's oil and gas title work is associated with an estimated $350MM in transactional value to date.
E. Will Gray II, Chairman & CEO of Doral, stated, "The addition of Brad to our Board further signifies the commitment management has undertaken to align itself with experienced individuals within the Permian oil and gas community. His significant legal and land background should prove to be a welcome asset in not only growing shareholder value but protecting it as well. Furthermore, this addition to the Board should signify the Board's commitment in strengthening corporate compliance which will play a decisive role when reaching its objective of submitting its application to a major trading exchange."

domain: news


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Varicose veins are enlarged veins that appear blue, red or flesh-colored under the skin. They often look like they are twisted or bulging. Spider veins are a milder and smaller form of these enlarged veins. When comparing spider veins vs. varicose veins, it is important to note how similar they are. The major differences are that spider veins appear closer to the skin’s surface. While varicose veins are traditionally found on the legs, spider veins appear on both the legs and face. They look similar to a spider’s web, hence their name. Here at The Vein Center in Mount Pleasant, we can help you treat both issues safely and effectively.
What Causes Visible Veins?
Arteries carry oxygen and nutrient-rich blood from your heart to the rest of your body. Veins carry blood from the rest of your body back to your heart. Within your veins, there are tiny valves. These valves work as one-way flaps to prevent blood from flowing backward as it is pushed into your heart.
In order for blood to travel from your legs up to your heart, it has to work against gravity. Because the valves within these specific veins work so hard, they can become weak or damaged. When this happens, blood can begin to back up, causing your veins to expand. These enlarged veins are called varicose veins.
The valves within your veins can become weakened or damaged because of:
- Chronic heart condition
- A sedentary lifestyle
Spider veins are caused by this backup of blood. Hormone changes, exposure to sun and injuries can also lead to the formation of these veins.
What are the Symptoms?
The primary symptoms of spider veins and varicose veins involve their appearance on your skin. In addition, patients may experience:
- A heavy or achy feeling in the legs
- Worsening pain after sitting or standing for extended periods of time
- Restless legs
There are various professional treatments available at The Vein Center that can be used to address spider veins and varicose veins. For more information on treating your problematic veins, contact us today to book a consultation at our office in Mount Pleasant!

domain: medical


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Some players choose to take a slightly alternative approach to their gold farming. This approach can take an extensive amount of time and dedication. Many people choose to train a ton of alts, solely for the purpose of making money and multi-tasking. In World of Warcraft Classic, professions are usually paired together. For example, if you’re training alchemy, you will need herbs to create consumables (e.g. flasks) that are used for raiding. An intelligent and observant player could seize this knowledge by creating one alchemy alt and one herbalism alt, swapping items as needed between each other. This fully mitigates the fees by the Auction House, which means your profit is maximised. Another complimentary combination you can use is skinning and tailoring, or cooking and fishing.
This option is better to use at level 40+. Higher level you are is better, more money you make then. All you do is farming dungeons or specific bosses. Here you kill a few birds with one stone: you get lots of experience (make sure you have all quests in your quest log, always ask your teammates to share) if you are still leveling; improve your current gear; and loads of loot (clothes, recipes, even crappy grey items selling for a lot to a vendor). If you are in a group, think about your groupmates if they need an item or not, don’t roll need on everything.
There’s the reason why some players used to call the game World of Roguecraft. Rogue was one of the most popular classes in classic WoW and there’s a good reason for it. During vanilla, Rogues topped DPS meters in raids and dungeons, but their main strength was world PvP. Rogues could stealth through enemies avoiding unwanted engagements with the opposing faction. Additionally, a huge variety of crowd control abilities and high burst damage made them the worst nightmare for the cloth-wearing classes. However, Rogues were in a bit of disadvantage regarding end-game gearing since most of their gear pieces were useful to other in-game classes as well.
Nov 15 My only complain about Classic... ...Horde doesn't have any nice looking races. In my mind each class has best RPG based race for it. So, I like Gnomes because I feel them Mages. Night Elves - Hunters. Humans - Paladins. On Horde side: Undead - ugly. Trolls - ugly. Orcs... uhh fine as Warriors, but I don't play warriors. Tauren - Warriors or Shaman, again don't play those. Blood Elves! Give me Blood Elves!Vlasta36 Nov 15

domain: game


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Explore Gallery of Flowers Framed Art Prints
Showing Photo About Wall Art Designs: Canvas Floral Wall Art Flowers Paintings Large in Recent Flowers Framed Art Prints
Do not be overly hasty when getting wall art and visit as much galleries or stores as you can. The chances are you will get greater and more desirable parts than that series you checked at that first store or gallery you went to. Moreover, really don't limit yourself. Should you discover only quite a few galleries around the city where your home is, why don't you try looking over the internet. You will find loads of online art galleries with countless flowers framed art prints you'll be able to choose from.
Find out more about these wide-ranging collection of wall art with regard to wall prints, decor, and more to have the wonderful decor to your interior. We all know that wall art can vary in proportions, figure, shape, price, and design, therefore you can get flowers framed art prints which match your space and your individual sense of style. You can get numerous modern wall artwork to old-style wall artwork, to assist you to rest assured that there is something you'll love and right for your interior.
Concerning the favourite art pieces that can be good for your interior are flowers framed art prints, picture prints, or photographs. There's also wall statues, sculptures and bas-relief, which may appear a lot more like 3D arts when compared with statues. Also, when you have a favorite artist, perhaps he or she's an online site and you are able to check always and get their works via online. You can find even designers that sell digital copies of these arts and you available to simply have printed.
You have many choices of wall art for use on your your room, as well as flowers framed art prints. Always make sure when you are considering where to find wall art on the web, you get the best selections, how exactly must you decide on the perfect wall art for your interior? Here are a few galleries that could help: collect as many options as you possibly can before you buy, go with a palette that won't declare mismatch with your wall and make sure that you enjoy it to pieces.
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Once you find the items of wall art you like which could match gorgeously together with your interior, whether it is originating from a popular artwork shop/store or poster prints, don't allow your enjoyment get the greater of you and hang the part as soon as it arrives. You never want to get a wall high in holes. Prepare first wherever it'd place.
You may not purchase wall art just because a some artist or friend said its great. It seems senseless to say that great beauty will be subjective. Whatever might seem pretty to friend might definitely not what you like. The right qualification you need to use in looking for flowers framed art prints is whether thinking about it creates you are feeling comfortable or excited, or not. If it does not impress your feelings, then it might be better you find at other alternative of wall art. After all, it will be for your home, perhaps not theirs, therefore it's better you move and choose a thing that interests you.
There are various possible choices of flowers framed art prints you will discover here. Each wall art provides a unique style and characteristics that pull artwork fans into the variety. Wall decoration such as wall art, interior painting, and interior mirrors - can easily jazz up and even carry life to a room. These make for great family room, workspace, or room artwork parts!
Any space or room you're remodelling, the flowers framed art prints has effects which will match your expectations. Discover plenty of images to turn into prints or posters, presenting common themes for instance landscapes, culinary, food, pets, animals, and abstract compositions. With the addition of collections of wall art in different shapes and dimensions, as well as different wall art and decor, we included fascination and character to the space.
When you are ready help make your flowers framed art prints also understand specifically what you would like, it is possible to search through these numerous collection of wall art to find the perfect section for the interior. No matter if you will need bedroom wall art, kitchen wall art, or any interior between, we've received what you want to show your room in to a amazingly embellished space. The present artwork, classic art, or copies of the classics you like are just a press away.
Are you been trying to find ways to beautify your space? Wall art certainly is the right solution for small or large places likewise, offering any interior a completed and polished look in minutes. If you need creativity for beautify your space with flowers framed art prints before you purchase, you can read our handy inspirational and guide on wall art here.


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How To Play Omen In Valorant
Last Updated: August 2, 2021
Do you like abilities that can help you control certain parts on the map on Valorant? How about one that can teleport on top of those abilities? If that’s a yes, you can give Omen a try. In our guide below, we’ll introduce you to one of the earliest controller agents in Valorant. We’ll also discuss his abilities and situations where you can use them.
Although some agents in Valorant are relatively easy to play based on the average player, some of them, including Omen, may take most people some time to master. The agent’s kit allows you to use a flash, two smoke orbs, a short teleport, and a long-distance teleport you can use to move across the map in-game.
With the agent’s abilities, he can help the team take space, cover chokepoints, and control the map. Some players also use him aggressively with his Shroud Step and Paranoia ability.
If you find Omen interesting, you can activate his contract to unlock the agent and test him on your games. But before doing so,
How to use Omen’s abilities in Valorant
Omen is one of the agents that are difficult to learn for the average player. His abilities consist of setting up smokes, blinding enemies, and teleporting to different parts of the site and map.
If you think that you can handle Omen without negatively affecting your gameplay, we’ll discuss his Controller kit in our quick guide below. We’ll also give out a few tips on how to use his abilities in different situations in-game.
Note: We based these ability keys on the default keybinds on Valorant.
Shrouded Step (1st Basic Ability – C)
Teleport to a short distance that leaves an audio cue that nearby foes can hear. You can have up to two charges per round that each cost 150 credits.
You can use Shrouded Step to get on top of crates, cross entrances quickly, or go into unexpected angles, catching the enemy off-guard. All you have to do is equip the ability and left-click (Fire button) to use it. After a few seconds, you’ll reappear to the target location.
Although using this ability gives out sound cues that might tip off information to your enemies, you can also use it to fool them. You can teleport in place to confuse your enemies and distract them from checking your position.
Paranoia so that you can teleport on top of crates, pull out your gun, and annihilate the enemies inside the site before they can fight back. You can jump on a teleporter on some of the maps while casting this ability to fool your enemies.
Paranoia (2nd Basic Ability – Q)
Next is Omen’s Paranoia ability which blinds and deafens enemy foes hit by it. You can only use this ability once per round, and the charge costs 300 credits.
You can use Paranoia when entering bomb sites to blind and deafen unlucky foes that get hit by it, leaving them disoriented and confused. To activate the ability, aim your crosshair on where you want to teleport and left-click. You can use the green arrow as a guide to finding the exact spot where you want to reappear.
Like we mentioned earlier, you can use this ability before casting Shroud Step to prevent foes from hearing you teleport. But aside from that, you can also use it to support duelists on your team when they want to make aggressive plays.
Dark Cover (Signature Ability – E)
Place a shadow orb that can act as smoke or cover to prevent your foes from seeing through it. Dark Cover is Omen’s signature ability, and you start each round with one charge for free. If you use want two orbs from the start, the second one costs you 100 credits.
Once you equip the ability, you’ll see the map in a phased world to place orbs. Pressing the left and right mouse buttons adjusts the distance and move the mouse to choose where you want to use it. Pressing E activates the ability, while the reload button toggles the view.
You can use Dark Cover to block entrances and some usual spots on the map for a couple of seconds to cut off the enemy’s line of sight. You can also place it on top of some crates to create a “one-way smoke” that allows you to see your enemies while they can’t see you.
Advanced players also use it alongside Shroud Step to sneak inside areas where the enemies might be. Since it has a cooldown of 40 seconds, you can use more than two Dark covers per round, which can help you retake or defend sites even if the time is low.
From the Shadows (Ultimate Ability – X)
Omen’s ultimate ability, which costs seven ultimate orbs, allows you to teleport on any spot on the map. Using it also blurs your enemies’ radar for a few seconds, making it difficult for agents like Sova to use their ultimate.
Pressing X opens up the map, and clicking on any part of it activates the ability. It takes a couple of seconds before you can materialize to your desired location, and using From the Shadows leaves out sound cues that all your enemies can hear.
If you find the area dangerous, you can press the ability key once again to cancel the teleportation. When you’re in a pinch, you can fake out enemies by stopping your teleport and surprise them as they’re less likely to peek in your direction.
You can use From the Shadows to infiltrate the enemy’s backlines or move from one site to another in a matter of seconds. However, always remember that the sound cues can give away the position where you want to teleport.
To wrap things up
Now that you know about Omen in Valorant, it’s time to test whether he’s the right one for your playstyle or not. Once you master how to play this agent, I’m sure that you can create some amazing clips and gameplay with his abilities.
That’s all we have on our guide on Omen! If you want to read more gaming tips, tricks, and tutorials, visit us regularly and check our latest posts and updates.

domain: hobby


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July 29th was an exciting morning at Disney’s Vero Beach Resort. Crowds gathered to cheer on this year’s participants in the annual Tour de Turtles event. Two loggerhead turtles named Cruz Ramirez and Sally Carrera, named for characters in Pixar’s Cars 3 movie, nested on the beach and then were tagged by conservation specialists. Satellite transmitters were attached to their shells before they swam off to into the big blue.
This is the 10th annual Tour de Turtles hosted by the Sea Turtle Conservancy. Twenty different turtles, representing 4 different species, will be tracked by scientists in order to discover more about their habits and migratory patterns. The end goal is to learn more in order to help them survive.
All of the Tour de Turtles participants travel hundreds of miles from their nesting beach all the way to their feeding locations. The fun part of this event is that the turtle that travels the farthest in the 3-month period is declared the winner! Each turtle represents a sponsor and an individual conservation cause.
The Disney Conservation Fund is sponsoring Cruz. This group has raised more than $2.6 million to help raise awareness of the damage debris in the ocean is causing to marine life. Sea turtles often become tangled in fishing line and plastic bags causing immobility. They also mistake plastic for food which can be extremely dangerous for them.
Sally is swimming for her sponsor Disney’s Animal, Science and Environment. She is helping raise awareness about light pollution. Did you know that baby sea turtles use starlight to guide their way back to the ocean after they hatch? Too many of them are guided off course by artificial light sources. Sally’s goal is to communicate the importance of turning off your lights on the beach at night during sea turtle season.
Captain Ron and Dory, two conservation canines, were on hand at the event to meet guests before the event started. They help conservation teams sniff out and identify sea turtle nests. Once they are identified the nests can be better protected from outside threats.
Guests at the event also participated in fun sea turtle conservation themed activities. They were entertaining and also educational, teaching guests about the challenges turtles face.
Interested in learning more? You can actually track Cruz and Sally on their adventure from your computer at TourdeTurtles.org. You can learn more about sea turtles and other animals at DisneyAnimals.com
Ready to experience Disney for yourself? There are still fantastic 2017 Summer and Fall packages to be had. Click here or send an email for a FREE, no obligation quote with an Authorized Disney Vacation Planner.
Want more help planning your next Disney vacation? As an Authorized Disney Vacation Planner, my goal is to help you plan the Magic your way. I create customized itineraries, book advanced dining and FastPass+ reservations, monitor for discounts for your vacation, and much much more! And did I mention that my services are FREE? Get in touch toll-free at 1-800-454-4501, via email at firstname.lastname@example.org or follow along on Facebook.
Source Credit : Disney Parks Blog
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domain: biology


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Written by Gloria Ramirez
Most of us are conditioned from early age to look outside ourselves for happiness. I spent many years of my life trying to control others so I would get what I wanted, so I would be happy. Only after so many years of ups and downs, I have come to realize that when I go inward to awaken the joy that is already within, I do not have to demand or impose on anyone to make me happy. I just have to go inward. Doing this has made a huge difference in the quality of my relationships. I shifted my behavior from feeling that I was a victim to taking full responsibility for how my relationships were showing up in my life. Basically I have learned not to expect people to behave one way or another, but instead, to accept them exactly as they are.
This has been one of the most transforming experiences of my life. I have been able to understand that when there is an issue that shows up in any of my relationships, it is not about the other person. It is always an invitation for me to go inward and ask myself, how can I shift this situation? The answers that I receive include acceptance, forgiveness, compassion, respect, setting up boundaries, and trusting, among many others.
I have come to realize that relationships are the biggest channels to share the love that resides within us. The more I focus on giving, on being loving, kind, compassionate and accepting of others and myself, the more I am really giving to myself and the happier I feel.
To master relationships here are a few ideas that you can consider:
- Go inward. Instead of taking things personally, blaming others, or playing victim, ask yourself, what is one aspect of me that I can change?
- Awaken the happiness that resides in you. Empower yourself by realizing that within yourself you have the power to bring joy and peace into your life.
- Share with others the true nature of your soul: Love. Demonstrate it through joy, kindness, compassion, forgiveness, generosity, support and gratitude.
- Accept others as they are. Be willing to let go of the temptation to judge and instead look for the good in others.
- Live in the moment. Enjoy each moment as if it was the last moment of your life. Smile often!
Affirm: I master my relationships through the power of love


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text:
I never thought that I would be writing a book one day. Being
approached by Jocelyne, I thought about it and I knew that I had a nice
little story to tell about my experiences and the people I have met through
these experiences who had become the pillars of my future development. I
knew that I could then pay tribute to these people who had paved the way
of this path that I have traveled over the past ﬁfty- odd years. I am referring
here to my teacher Sister Paul and to Frankie Francis, Art De Coteau, Sel
Wheeler, Ron Berridge, Beverly Griﬃth, Earl Rodney, Clive Bradley, Frankie
McIntosh, Pelham Goddard, and Leston Paul, who have been a great part of
my training and the ﬁnest arrangers throughout the years.
It was quite challenging to work on this book in many diﬀerent places—
Port of Spain, Manzanilla, Toronto [Canada], Grenada—at diﬀerent times
over the years. There was no documentation, and we had to rely on pure
memory of my living experiences. With no preparatory note, I had to dig
deep inside to get back the memory and relive what has already been lived.
All the things that I went through became part of living memories about
the road that would eventually lead me to be maturing in the journey of my
travels. I will also say that, thanks to all the people who have oﬀered their
knowledge and all the facts, we were able to put things together.
I also want to thank Jocelyne for all the time and patience. She has never
once been overwhelmed by the challenges.
This is how we got here.


2019 | dir: Tim Miller | 128 m
Terminator: Dark Fate is another in a long line of belated Terminator sequels that I will have to try to actively forget. In this case, it shouldn’t be too hard. Terminator: Dark Fate was an utterly forgettable film, but at least it wasn’t aggressively bad like the previous entry in the series, Terminator: Genyisys. (I still die a little inside whenever I read that title). Why are studios still subjecting us to these sequels? And perhaps more importantly, why are audiences still subjecting themselves? The obvious answer is that because the original Terminator is an iconic sci-fi film and Terminator 2: Judgement Day is widely regarded as one of the greatest (if not the greatest) action movies of all time, they set the bar so high and piqued our interest so much, that we’re willing to risk laying down our hard-earned cash for utter garbage just for the slim chance to chase that high again.
And like most junkies, Terminator fans still haven’t learned our lesson. For some insane reason, despite all obvious evidence to the contrary, I had incredibly high hopes going into Dark Fate. Alas, any hope I had was wiped out quicker and more thoroughly than humanity in a thermo-nuclear war launched by a rogue AI. We’ve had a mixed bag when its come to decades-later sequels. For every Blade Runner 2049 there seems to be a A Good Day to Die Hard. But with Dark Fate, they got the band back together. Arnold Schwarzenegger and Linda Hamilton reprising their roles as an unstoppable killing machine and Sarah Connor, a waitress turned commando, respectively. James Cameron back to… produce. Well, that’s something, I guess. It was a direct sequel to Terminator 2, ignoring or retconning (as all the cool kids are saying these days) all of the other Terminator films that came before it save the first two, if not out of existence, then at least out of the canon. Then, right out of the gate, Dark Fate tries to pull an Alien 3 opening, failing to do so, and setting the stage for disappointment right there. Don’t promise me the long-awaited return of Edward Furlong as John Conner, for that kind of nonsense. Alien 3‘s decision to kill off main characters from the previous film rather unceremoniously still doesn’t sit right with me, but I can appreciate what David Fincher was trying to achieve in the context of the story, and it made sense. Dark Fate‘s similarly dark opening just felt cheap by comparison. I’ve felt cleaner after leaving a Russian brothel than I felt after watching that opening.
Then it’s all kind of a tired stumble to the finish line from there. Dark Fate is exactly the kind of rehash of all of the plot beats from Terminator and Terminator 2 that does absolutely nothing to excite or engage the audience with anything new. You have the new Sarah/John Conner, Dani Ramos (Natalia Reyes), a character blander than raw oatmeal, who’s given nothing interesting to do. She has a rushed character arc that’s only really hinted at in flashbacks / flashforwards, and has the amazing gift to make the exact decisions the script needs her to make, regardless of the plot, her interaction with other characters, or the movie’s own internal logic. This time the warrior sent back in time to protect Dani is a cybernetically enhanced super soldier from the future named (of course) Grace (Mackenzie Davis).
I do feel kind of bad for Davis here, because not only does she do a great job, but Dark Fate should have been her movie. She, at least, had a hint of an interesting background, and the movie could have explored the idea of the resistance in the future literally sacrificing their humanity to win the war against the machines. It would have been a great way to enter into dialogue with Terminator 2; there we had a machine who was learning to become more human, and here we could have had a human who was at risk of becoming a machine (both literally and metaphorically). Thematically, that would have been a great way to continue the themes from the first two films in an intelligent, thoughtful manner. Then, they could have scrapped the same old, tired protection mission and have something different, like a search and destroy mission to disrupt Skynet’s plans in some way, for instance. Sorry, I meant to say Legion. You know, the other sentient AI that launched an all-out assault and genocide against humanity after Skynet was destroyed, because I guess, somebody has to? Again, there seemed to be no thought at all put into why things are happening other than the script needed them to happen. Skynet was destroyed? Oh, that’s an easy fix, ctrl+F and replace all instances of “Skynet” with “Legion.” Problem solved.
I also felt bad for Gabriel Luna who played the new terminator model, the Rev9 (again, just find and replace T-1000 with Rev9 in the script template, no muss, no fuss), because he deserved to be in a much better movie. The Rev9’s abilities were neat, but again it was just a rehash of the T-1000, only now it really doesn’t make sense how it can morph into different people when it has a rigid endoskeleton.
But I’m not going to nitpick the physics of a shape-shifting, time-travelling murder-bot in a movie built entirely around the premise that such a thing exists. I just found myself wishing the whole time that director Tim Miller would put Schwarzenegger and Hamilton to better use, as this was likely the last time they would be reprising these iconic roles, and they were in rare form. Hamilton is great as the grizzled, old version of Sarah Conner, and you could tell that Schwarzenegger is having a blast playing a reformed (don’t ask) T-800 named Carl. Hell, there are even some genuinely funny moments as the protagonists interact with old Carl. It felt like Miller had great ideas for the re-introduction of these characters, but no idea what to do with them after that. Sarah Connor especially seems like she had great motivation, and she kicks a bunch of ass, but it really feels like neither the director nor the writers had any idea what to do with her within the context of the new story. In fact, Dark Fate literally goes out of its way to tell us that Sarah Conner is now irrelevant. Great. So why is she still a main character, if she’s literally irrelevant to the story now?
The truth is, no element in Terminator: Dark Fate felt like it was there other than because it had to be to go through the motions. The Terminator franchise has become this strange parody of itself now, where it’s caught in a loop doing the same thing over and over and over again, with no reprieve in site and no sense of hope for something better, like some dark meta-parody of the ending of Terminator 2. Even the title Dark Fate seems to be mocking the audience, like somehow we deserve this kind of tired, unimaginative film. The ultimate disappointment of Terminator: Dark Fate seems to be that it erased one Terminator film too few from the timeline. I won’t lose any sleep over the disappointment of Terminator: Dark Fate, though, because there is one shining ray of hope. Because if a movie–a Terminator film–can retcon all of its own terrible previous entries out of canon, then maybe we can too.
Rating: 1.5 / 5


text:
Marijuana Business Daily reports that it didn’t even take three months for Peru to sell out of the medical cannabis supply it acquired for patients in December.
The ministry of health bought 10 liters of CBD oil, with an almost 5% concentration, from Anden Naturals. The Oregon-based company won the bid after the ministry agreed to pay USD $8,390 (below the market price) for the supply.
The supply was sold in Digemid (the state’s Directorate General of Drug Supplies and Drugs) pharmacies to patients with medical marijuana prescriptions at S/ 47.70 per 10-milliliter bottles.
There’s no question there is more demand than supply, but what is the government doing to fulfill this demand? According to the executive director at ACM Peru, an agribusiness consultancy firm, no licenses have been issued for private companies to import or produce medical cannabis in the country.
The ED, Andrés Vazquez, believes that the government has put all their effort into selling just this one product in one type of pharmacy instead of implementing the laws that will allow an increase in product offering, satisfy the demand and guaranteeing medical marijuana supply for those patients who have started treatment.
Cover photo: Andina
We help you find yourself in Peru. Since 2003, we have led the way as an authoritative and reliable English-language resource for those interested in traveling, living, working, and investing in Peru. We are a team of dedicated individuals who are passionate about delivering reliable and unbiased content and providing amazing experiences for people visiting Peru.

domain: economics


text:
Diaries of a Flying Dog Trailer (2014)
2014 75 mins
A man and his tiny dog have something in common: obsessive compulsive anxiety disorder. Throughout their quest to heal, we dissect into pieces the surroundings - in its upbringing, fears and constant inner conflict. A memory is recalled; a memory filled with fear, violence, war, love and a past almost depicting itself again in the present and in the future. The setting is a family’s house. A father, a mother, sons, daughters and grandchildren living on a versant in Lebanon. The time is when beauty faded and ugliness and expiation prevailed. The man is the director, the dog is the mirror and the film is the instrument…
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International Releases Dates
United Arab Emirates
12 December 2014
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