text:
Enhancements focused on accessibility for students with specific needs and expanded admin controls for enrollment management, roster synchronization, usage metrics, and grade book integrations
Piazza, the premier social learning platform, today announced tremendous growth metrics, which underscore the value of its service amid the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond. Piazza course enrollments increased by more than four times in 2020 than that of the previous year, and time a student spends on the platform jumped to an average of 4.5 hours a day. Post views on the Piazza platform exceeded 1.2 billion in 2020. Thirty thousand new classes have been added to the platform since the pandemic hit in March of 2020. The company introduced a slew of new features over the past several months to increase engagement, helping both instructors and students get the most out of their classes.
As Piazza has focused on scaling to meet the steep increase in demand, it has also furthered its platform innovation and added new features requested by instructors. Piazza has recently entered into several new paid enterprise agreements with the nation’s top colleges, universities and research institutions, including Georgia Tech University, University of Michigan, the University of Virginia, and multiple Ivy League schools.
“COVID-19 fundamentally changed the nature and expectations associated with teaching and learning,” said Piazza Founder and CEO Pooja Sankar. “The pressure has been on universities and instructors to demonstrate value to students who may not be able to learn in the traditional setting due to the pandemic. This is where Piazza has been able to step up. We’ve worked relentlessly to create optimal learning experiences, responding to requests and needs through product development so that instructors and students can get the most out of their classes, no matter the environment.”
Piazza has helped professors streamline conversations to address the most pressing questions that students have. Recent additions to the popular platform include Live Q&A, Duplicate Post Detection, enhanced participation analytics as well as discipline-specific advances like improved discussion experiences for humanities and added support for Chemistry notation.
Broadening Accessibility for Students and Expanding Admin Controls
As Piazza furthers its relationships with universities, it has also committed to scaling its platform to meet the increasingly nuanced demands and needs of its university customers. In the year ahead, the company is working to roll out critical enhancements focused on accessibility for those students with specific needs who require, particularly in a remote environment, added support when on-campus resources are not available to them. Also, Piazza will provide expanded admin controls that simplify enrollment management, roster synchronization, and the ability to capture usage metrics, with SAML/SSO and adhering to LTI 1.3 specification.
Piazza has been used by more than 5 million students and over 100,000 professors from 2,000 schools in 90 countries worldwide, and instruction has expanded from STEM to all disciplines.
Piazza Q&A is the premier social learning platform today, helping more than 5 million students learn beyond the traditional classroom in more than 2,000 universities spanning 90 countries. Students from all disciplines use Piazza to work together collaboratively despite differences in learning levels, gender, ethnicity, or socioeconomic status, and instructors address their questions as they arise. While Piazza Q&A enables inclusive learning, the Piazza Network opens up career opportunities. Students in the Piazza community can opt-in to join the Network, where they can connect with potential employers as well as interact with other students in their network for career advice. Universities work with Piazza to license the Piazza Q&A platform across departments or institution wide.
To learn more about all that Piazza offers, please visit www.piazza.com.
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Wild West Rocks Barney McNabbs in Yonkers Friday March 23rd!
The Wild West Returns!
The Wild West, which promoted several shows in
Thrown out of the Vintage as its bands were scaring the regulars, the Wild West approached Barney McNabbs in
The Wild West has in going to
Two of these, Silver Spade and PowerTrip are in the metal vein. Silver Spade are routinely playing in the city and locally and do have an EP! They list influences as diverse as Dream Theater, Aerosmith, and Staind. They are a four piece with the two brothers, Bob and Rick Yapchanyk – Bob on guitar, and Rick handling the vocals. Filling out the band are Pete Simone on drums and Eric Neuman on Bass. For me they are a solid melodic metal act with strong vocals, tight rhythms, and expressive guitar work.
Powertrip also is playing out routinely, doing a mix of covers and originals. On the 23rd it will focus primarily on their originals. You can see where they are coming from with influences like Godsmack and Sevendust. Chris on vocals, Jonathan on Bass, Matt on guitar and Mike on drums. Again they are a solid four peace, charting out a slightly different area of the metal scene. Both I am sure will be grabbing your attention on the 23rd!
Slowing it down a notch, perhaps, is another regular on the scene, Shades of Burn featuring John on guitar, Nicole on vocals, Ray on Guitar, Fred on Drums (Who is also taking care of sound on the 23rd), and Nick on Bass. Basically they aim for two things: original rock with a hard-hitting groove, and making sure the audience is having a good time, and those two are really what it is all about! Their influences range from classic rock, metal, funk/soul, to alternative. Shades of Burn do have a self titled CD available too, which has been in my CD player quite a bit last few days.
Add to this four bands coming in from the city and you have a complete night. The bands from NYC include Stark, Statues of Liberty, The Party Death, and Do You See The Dark. These are four very different acts! Stark is basically Lani Ford on vocal and bass, Rob on Drums and Josette on guitar. In a nutshell if you combine Joan Jett and Shania Twain you and a dash of NYC attitude and you have Lani’s vocals. Meanwhile, Josette with her Les Paul just plays some of the nicest licks I have heard!
The Statues of Liberty are two veterans from the NYC rock scene. Featuring Hal and John Law, these two were in Banana Fizh Zero, which aside from a great name was a major player as far as punk and alternative in NYC. More recently John Law went off on his own to form the Xs, which featured a former member of Fuel and others. The Statues of Liberty are in the same vein-hard rock, a dash of pop, some punk. No doubt they will bring your attention on the 23rd to what is happening on onstage.
The last two acts are Do You See The Dark, which is mix of metal, melodic rock and even a dash of pop. They are a three piece with a big rich sound with some great vocals. They also have a self titled EP and have been acknowledged by the Village Voice and others as a group to watch out for. And then the final act is the Party Death, which just has a look and feel of early Guns and Roses. I am not sure where the name is going but they will definitely get the room going when they hit the stage. They just remind me of my glam rock days, but now I am revealing my age. . .Both of these acts were in the Meanyfest circuit, sponsored by Jack Daniels, and were recognized as bands with something going on.
A schedule for the 23rd has not been composed yet. Please do not take this article as indicator of where or when they will come on. Stark probably will be on earlier and likewise Shades of Burn, but otherwise a schedule still needs to be done!
See you on Friday March 23rd at Barney McNabbs! Rock on! And if you want a taste of these bands before the 23rd, do check ut their MySpace pages, or go to the Wild West site, www.wildwestrocks.com where there is a mp3 player featuring all of them and also links to several podcasts the Wild West has put together featuring these and other bands in the area. The Wild West Podcasts can also be found on the iTunes site and are all FREE!
Help us pronmote the show! Download and print the March 23 Wild West Showcase Flyer! (Adobe PDF) Perfect for your workplace, your bedroom, your living room wall!

domain: artistic


Ankr surges 70% in an hour Zeynep Geylan · 18 hours ago · 1 min read
Following Ankr protocol’s announcement regarding its use of Microsoft Azure, the ANKR token increased from $0.03305 to $0.05583 in one hour.
Cover art/illustration via CryptoSlate
Press Release Ad
Web 3 infrastructure provider Ankr’s (ANKR) native token spiked from $0.03305 to $0.05583 between 14:00 UTC and 15:00 UTC on Feb. 21, which marks a 69% increase according to CryptoSlate data.
The increase comes after Ankr’s announcement regarding its use of Microsoft Azure.
After spiking to $0.05583, the price fell as low as $0.04910. At the time of writing, ANKR is being traded for $0.05219, which marks a 54.59% increase over the past 24 hours. This increase also indicates a 90.56% increase in the past seven days and a 111.61% increase over the past 30 days.
Despite the significance of this spike, the ANKR price is still 76.74% lower than its all-time high at $0.22892, recorded on Mar. 28, 2021.
Ankr’s announced that its new application launched on the Microsoft Azure Marketplace. The application offers a node hosting solution that uses Azure’s routing solutions to increase scalability and optimization.
Bitcoin Bears Eye Possible Pullback to This Key Support Area, But Longer-term BTC Price Outlook Remains Strong
Crypto twitter turns Greenpeace’s attempt to vilify BTC via art piece into meme
Litecoin Price Prediction as LTC Rallies 38% From Recent Bottom – Can LTC Reach $100 in 2023?


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by George Nye
This is the second in a series of articles written for the Times-Union by County Surveyor George Nye on former mayors of the city of Warsaw. This story concerns William Cosgrove who served as mayor from 1879 to 1882.
William Cosgrove was 67 years of age when he was elected mayor in May, 1879. Cosgrove had come west with his folks in 1817. They came from New Jersey in a one-horse wagon. He and his brother, Bradford, were working at the carpenters' trade at South Bend in 1843 when our commissioners advertised for bids for building a courthouse on the public square. The Cosgroves were the successful bidders and came to Warsaw about 1844 to live.
About this time William formed a partnership with another young man about the village, George Moon and Moon & Cosgroves General store east of the new courthouse was the main trading place of the new community. In 1849 they built a brick store building at the southwest corner of Buffalo and Center streets which was the first brick store room in town. The Cosgroves also built the Globe building about 1856 which is another oldtimer. Billy Cosgrove later bought the brick mill on Union street and put out a good brand of flour for several years. This mill had been built about 1857 by Heller & Gallentine.
Cosgrove married Lydia A. Carty, of South Bend, and their daughter, Josephine, married N. N. Boydston, and their daughter, Blanche, is now Mrs. (Dr.) John White of Winona Lake.
In 1872 the Cosgroves were contractors for three new school-houses in Warsaw and in 1870 built one in Pierceton. The Billy Cosgrove family used to live where the Sears store is now, and in the Civil war days there used to be a frame church on that corner known as the Cosgrove meeting house. It was a New School Presbyterian.
During the four years that Cosgrove was mayor Warsaw had a rather slow growth but with all it was a busy place where they handled much lumber and grain. N. N. Boydston was a lumber dealer at this time.
Some new houses were built at this time. One was by Oldfather on the southwest corner of Detroit and Center; another by Gibson at the northeast corner of Center and High streets, another by Billy Williams on Indiana street which in later years became the McDonald hospital and another was one by J. B. Roberds on South Buffalo.
The Gibson house is about to be torn down by Wilbur (Doc) Gill so as to enlarge his motel. A good many of these old houses built in close to town are now used as apartment houses. Several have been torn down and the site used for a filling station. In the days when they were built the families could hire girls to do the house work and the cooking for $2 a week and their keep but that day is gone forever. In 1879 women worked uptown very little as compared to today, and those that did work had jobs making cigars, clerking in a dry goods store, or working at dressmaking or in a millinery store where they made women's hats from the frame up.
Had 6 Councilmen
Billy Cosgrove's councilmen were Jim Cisney, Daniel Deeds, Perry Jaques, Nelson Nutt, Tom Nye and Levi Zumbrum. The marshal was John Killinger whose main business was looking after the streets and alley and locking up drunks in the caliboose. Jake Thralls got in this thing once and he put up a sign "smallpox" on the door and people walked on the north side of the street where the postoffice is now.
W. H. Wheeler was superintendent of schools during these years and was the first man to grade the schools. In the spring of 1879 he graduated the first class which consisted of three girls, Belle Weimer, Mary Shaffer and Alice Carpenter. Wheeler stayed only a few years and then went to Chicago where he became a publisher.
These were days of much amusement about town. Shindigs were held in some vacant hall if a few fiddlers could be coaxed into playing. Jake Thralls and Nate McConnell used to lead them off sometimes with "Ragtime Annie," "Soldiers Joy," "Pop Goes the Weasle," or some other popular tune.
Summer picnics were held at McCauley's landing across Center lake. Ice cream and strawberry festivals held on the courthouse lawn by some church group were always well attended. the town had about a dozen saloons and Saturday night the rowdies would go on a bender so that Buffalo street the next morning looked like a small cyclone had struck it.
Horse Races Popular
On Sunday afternoon there would be some fine turnouts in the way of horse and buggies, for some of the well-to-do vied with each other to see who could have the finest rig. About this time the fair grounds were just east of Scott street and reached out to Bronson. Here was some good horse racing when the track was solid.
In the wintertime sleigh riding was a pleasure and bobsled parties would go to Leesburg or Pierceton and after having some oyster stews they would return. These things with hunting, fishing, playing baseball, ice skating, etc. constituted the pleasure of the day when nobody ever dreamed of radio, television, and the many amusements we have now to take up our time.
It was considered a good joke to get a sign, say at Eli Snyders Occidental hotel, saying "Bar Room" and nail it up over the door of Sinner Philpott's fish and jewelry store a block away. These were also the days of big fish. Sinner Philpott who lived on North Lake street a few blocks north of Main street, caught a 27 pound pike and fed all his friends. Os Funk, who ran a saloon, caught a 45 pound turtle and made 11 gallons of turtle soup to feed his customers.
West Lures Many
Covered wagons went through Warsaw bound for Minnesota. The west lured many people so that even some from Warsaw went out to Kansas. Pottenger sold out his drug store and went to Hiawatha, Kan., to live. Once in a while a big, long rough-looking gentleman would get off the train here and go down the street with a giant stride. He was the immortal J. N. Free. Reub Williams of the Indianian would always give him a puff in the paper. He called the immortal J. N. the great jiasticutus of the age and would say that J. N. would lift the veil at Empire hall that evening and let light shine out through the darkness of tribulation, etc.
J. N. was a former lawyer from around Upper Sandusky. It was said that he never paid any fare on a railroad and yet they let him ride. He was a queer character who was still making visits to Warsaw in the 1890's.
The Indianian at this time was being published in a new building which is now used by the Lake City Bank. It had over 2,000 subscribers. The editor, Reub Williams, was well known and was not slow in publishing anything that he thought was good for the city. He stood firmly for civic improvement and his articles during a campaign gave the people to understand that he was a dyed in the wool republican who had gained the rank of Brevet Brigadier General in the Civil War. He was a personal friend of General Sherman and accompanied him on the famous March to the Sea.
Warsaw Times Union Friday February 11, 1955

domain: library


Bodies Of Water
By: Katelyn Jackson
Rivers offten end up at a ocean, or a lake. The Missori river connects to the Missisippi River! The Nile river, Is the largest river In the world. The second largest river Is the Amazon River. The Amazon river Is 6400 kilometres in length, 4000 miles.
Lakes differ to lagoons and estuaries, Due to the fact they are not connected to the ocean. A lake is also larger and deeper than other inland watter bodies such as ponds. A lake usually contains fresh water, but some can be salt water.
Around 70% of Earth's surface is coverd In watter. Ocean tides are caused by the earths rotating while the moon and sun's gravitation pulls acts on ocean watter. The pacific ocean contains around 25000 difrent Ilands, many more than are found In Earth's other oceans during winter the Arctic Ocean Is almost all coverd In ice!
Ponds are just like lakes but are smaller. Many ponds have dead tree branches In them. Insects that live In ponds, lay their eggs under watter. Ponds can be found all over the world.
Glaciers store about 75 percent of the world's fresh water. During the maximum point of the last ice age, glaciers covered about 32 percent of the total land area. Glacier ice crystals can grow to be as large as baseballs. During the maximum point of the last ice age, glaciers covered about 32 percent of the total land area.


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Ever since Italian symphonic death metallers Fleshgod Apocalypse came along, the bar has been raised for epic extreme metal. Prior, it was more often than not that symphonic metal was over the top cheese and often didn’t sound convincing enough. Fleshgod does the sound with a certain expertise, fully incorporating the classical music style into their songwriting instead of relying on canned backtracks as a gimmick.
The band broke out with their 2011 Nuclear Blast debut Agony, but now the band’s follow-up Labyrinth is on the horizon. Our first glimpse of the album comes in the form of the album’s third track, ‘Elegy.’ I’m gonna go ahead and give them a pass for one of metal’s most over-used song titles, because it rules.
It looks like Fleshgod aren’t making any huge changes to their sound this time around, which is good. It’s easy to see how the band could lighten their sound, but the brutality remains intact! We all look forward to hearing more when Labyrinth drops August 20th through Nuclear Blast Records. Look out for pre-orders soon!


Logs sometimes float vertically in a lake because one end has become waterlogged and denser than the other. What is the average density of a uniform-diameter log that floats with 20 percent of its length above water? Use a value of 1000 kilograms per meter cubed for the density of water.
As we start, let’s highlight some of the critical given information, and also name any assumptions we’ll make in solving this problem. First, we’re told that the log has a uniform diameter, meaning the diameter is constant all the way up and down the log. We’re also told that when it floats, 20 percent of its length along a vertical line is above water, meaning 80 percent is below. And we’ll also use a value of 1000 kilograms per meter cubed for the density of water. Now we’ll make the assumption that this density value is an exact number.
From here, let’s draw a diagram of what’s going on in this problem. So here we have our log where 20 percent is above water, and 80 percent of the log is submerged beneath the surface of the lake. We’re told the density of the water in the lake 1000 kilograms per meter cubed, and we want to solve for the density of the log, realizing that it will have a constant diameter from top to bottom. Now let’s consider the forces that are acting on this log. We’ll draw those forces in on our diagram.
First, we have the force of gravity that’s acting down on the log. We’ll label that 𝐹 sub 𝑔. And then we also have another force. It’s the buoyant force that acts on the log, which we’ll label 𝐹 sub 𝑏. Now these two forces, we know, in magnitude, are equal to one another. And the reason we know that, is because we’re assuming that the log is stationary in the water. It’s moving neither up nor down. We can express that mathematically by saying that 𝐹 sub 𝑏 minus 𝐹 sub 𝑔 is equal to zero. Let’s start to figure out what these two forces are and see if in finding them, we’re able to solve for our ultimate intended answer of the density of the log symbolized by the Greek letter 𝜚 sub log.
First, let’s work at 𝐹 sub 𝑏, the buoyant force. In order to do that, let’s begin recollecting a definition about buoyant force. The buoyant force that acts on an object is equal to the volume of fluid that object displaces multiplied by the density of that fluid displaced, all multiplied by 𝑔, the acceleration due to gravity. As a side note, you may notice that when we multiply a volume times a density, what we end up with is a mass in kilograms. So when we see that, we realize that the equation for buoyant force is very much like the equation for weight force, mass times gravity. Let’s use this equation for buoyant force to insert for our 𝐹 sub 𝑏 in our own application.
So in our case, 𝐹 sub 𝑏 is equal to the volume that the log displaces, we’ll call that 𝑣 sub disp as in this equation, multiplied by the density of the fluid, which in this case is 𝜚 sub 𝑤, the density of the water in the lake. Now all of that, according to our buoyant force equation, is multiplied by 𝑔, the acceleration due to gravity.
Now let’s consider the gravitational force that acts on our log. Well, as usual, we know that that force is equal to the mass of the object, in this case our log, times 𝑔, the acceleration due to gravity. Here, we’ve written the mass of log as 𝑚 sub log. And then when we multiply that by 𝑔, we have our gravitational force. And we know that altogether, these two terms equal zero.
Now let’s take a step here and rewrite one of our terms. If we look at the volume displaced by the log, we know, because of what the problem statement told us, how much fractionally of the total logs volume that is. We’re told in the problem statement that 80 percent of the log’s volume is below the level of the water. What that means is that 𝑣 disp, our displaced volume of water due to the log, is equal to 80 percent of the volume of the log. We can write that out as an equation off to the side. Here, where we’ve written in our equation 0.8, that’s an exact number. It’s exactly 80 percent of the log’s volume that is submerged and therefore displacing water in the lake.
Let’s plug 0.8 𝑣 log into our equation, so that now we have the volume and the mass of the log in one equation. Now we’re making great progress because as we look at this equation, we see that if we divide both sides by 𝑔, that term completely cancels out which simplifies our expression, so that we now have just three terms. Drawing our cleaned-up version of this equation, those three terms are: the volume of the log, the density of the water, and the mass of the log.
Now at this point, let’s recall an equation relating density, mass, and volume. The density of an object, the Greek letter 𝜚, is defined as the mass of that object divided by its volume. So as we search for 𝜚 sub log, the density of our log, we don’t see that in our equation, but we do see the mass and the volume of the log as terms there. So let’s make it our aim to rearrange this equation to get the mass of the log divided by its volume. As a first step, we’ll add the mass of the log, 𝑚 sub log, to both sides. Having done that, we see that the mass of the log cancels out on the left-hand side of our equation. Now let’s go and divide both sides of our equation by 𝑣 sub log. Doing that, 𝑣 sub log cancels out of the left-hand side of the equation. And now let’s look at what we have left.
We can rewrite a cleaned-up version. But at a first glance, what we’ve got is the mass of the log divided by its volume being equal to 0.8 times the density of the lake water. We recall by our definition that the mass of the log divided by its volume is equal to the density of the log, 𝜚 sub log. So this is great. We’re very close to solving our problem. Let’s rewrite this equation one last time to really home in on our solution. 𝜚 sub log, the density of our log, is equal to 0.8, where that is an exact number, multiplied by the density of the water of the lake. Now we’ve been given that density of the lake water, 1000 kilograms per meter cubed. So let’s plug that in to our equation now.
And when we do this and multiply through, we’ll find that the density of the log, 𝜚 sub log, is equal to 800 kilograms per meter cubed. So the log is 80 percent as dense as the water, and 80 percent of the log is submerged below the water.


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Welcome to Feet & Paws
Feet and Paws: Fitness Class with Your Dog
With Feet and Paws' Fitness Classes with Your Dog, both you and your dog get a workout. Tracy, a certified dog trainer and group exercise instructor, guides you and your dog through a fun and challenging exercise class that combines fitness training with dog obedience skills.
Each class is crafted to fit your team’s skill and fitness levels, and can help you reach your health and dog training goals.
Fitness activities can include everything from strength training and fitness games to cardio and agility exercises. The dog training element of the class can include learning, utilizing and improving basic dog obedience, such as sit and down, as well as fun tricks such as roll over or stand up. These behaviors may even be incorporated into some of the fitness exercises you perform, depending on you and your dog's skill level.
Consultation required before attending your first class. Classes after your first one are as low as $22/class.
Don't forget to bring your completed forms, your dog's favorite treats, a yoga mat, water for you and your dog (don't forget the bowl), and wear athletic shoes.
Tracy can’t wait to help you and your dog have fun being fit, active and healthy together.
- Workout with your dog while improving their obedience skills
- All fitness levels welcome
- No breed restrictions
- One dog per person
- Dogs must be well socialized (no lunging, growling, etc)
- Dogs up-to-date vaccine records must be submitted at least 48 hours before the scheduled class
- Health & fitness history questionnaire, liability release and code of conduct agreement will be sent in your welcome letter upon registration — each must be completed, signed and returned at least 48 hours before the scheduled class
- Class will be cancelled in the event of wet or rainy weather.
- Experience provided in English (US)
- Will be scheduled on a mutually agreeable date and time, based on luminary’s availability
- This experience is non-refundable after scheduling is complete
How It Works

domain: health


LoQutus helps Renson restructure orderplacement and records management processes
“The web application/product configurator developed by LoQutus is really a commercial direct hit. Our seven biggest customers (accounting for 50% of the turnover in Belgium) even use our new system for their customers. In this way, they ensure that no mistakes occur in the order. They then simply migrate the technical data over to their invoice, for an efficient and error-free result.''
Patrick Snauwaert - Group Director ICT, Renson
Web application/product configurator delivers pronounced strategic and commercial value
Renson, specialising in ventilation and solar shading, has a history of pursuing continuous product innovation. However, two specific problems had slowed its growth: the lack of uniformity in records management and insufficient streamlining of the order placement process. Strategic partner LoQutus brought Renson a comprehensive solution with the development of a web application/product configurator that set the company back on the path to growth.
Renson develops ventilation and solar shading systems, ranging from relatively simple residential applications to complex solutions for apartment buildings. The company serves a global market from its headquarters in Waregem. Renson was nominated as finalist for the “Entrepreneur of the Year” in 2015.
Renson is constantly adapting its product line against the backdrop of the rapidly changing construction market with increasing regulation of energy efficiency and ventilation. And the company prides itself on developing new products, bringing them to market in a very short time.
Making knowledge accessible
Patrick Snauwaert, Group Director ICT at Renson, says, “In about 2009, we developed a vision of how we could better communicate with our customers going forward. At the time, the installers, frame manufacturers, contractors and others submitted orders in a variety of ways: from a handwritten piece of paper on the building site to a fax or an email message. That inconsistency created problems for us and hindered our ability to quickly and efficiently process orders.”
Part of the issue for Renson was the fact that the company does not sell standardised products. Each order is custom-made: measurements, colour, finish, etc. At the same time, there can often be technical limitations because not all specifications can actually be met in practice. “In addition, there were only a few people within Renson who were fully informed about the entire product line,” continues Snauwaert. “They also dealt with the orders. The centralisation of this knowledge sometimes created problems for us as well.”
Finally, Renson’s records management was poorly structured. The various account managers were fully aware of their own projects, but it was difficult for others to follow up in their absence. In short, the challenge was to make the knowledge base more widely accessible.
The travel industry as guideline
Renson went in search of a solution and a partner to help them correct these problems. Snauwaert explains, “Most of the proposals we received were comprised of a simple e-commerce application. In view of the scope and complexity of our products, this was not enough. We were aiming for a demand-driven solution in which the customer can more fully specify his order. Coincidentally, we encountered a tour operator during a meeting who, although in a different industry, had solved a similar problem. Their experience was a real revelation. The way in which people order vacations online today, including numerous specifications (type of transport, type of destination, type of accommodation, formula, etc.), actually closely matches the challenges we were facing. That helped us solidify the required methodology we needed to seek. We wanted a dynamic system that could be fuelled by our existing ERP system. Nevertheless, the question about who was the best strategic partner for us still remained.
That partner proved to be LoQutus. They not only knew how to set up such a system, but they also clicked with Renson’s IT-staff. Thomas Vandaele, Solution Architect & Analyst Developer at LoQutus, comments, “In addition to other requirements, it should be possible for customers within the entire foreign dealer network to be able to use the system. That means a single flow of information from any customer up to Renson’s work centre. Renson wanted rapid feedback throughout the entire customer experience, and LoQutus could meet that need.”
A never-ending story
The analysis of the records management system commenced at the end of 2010 and Renson implemented the new system at the end of 2011. Snauwaert adds, “The complete development of this business-critical application was based on mutual consultation. Our IT team had monthly meetings with the people from LoQutus right from the start. LoQutus listened to our questions and suggestions, proposed solutions and kept up with the entire development in a very timely manner. These meetings are still ongoing because systems like this should never be considered as static. Renson is always innovating and developing new products and processes, so we fully expect that ongoing refinement of the system will always be necessary.”
The development of the web application/product configurator commenced at the end of 2012. Renson’s employees entered the technical product knowledge using a flexible file format. Since that time, the web application has been updated continuously to address the demand for additional functions. Now, approximately 3,000 customers are using the system, comprising a total of about 8,000 customer employees. That, in turn, generates a wealth of useful information.
Snauwaert says, “Another benefit is the fact that we can use the new platform to quickly familiarise new employees with our complete product line. And today, 50 of our biggest customers are submitting up to 98% of their orders via the product configurator, with a seamless information flow that makes us much more efficient. This also demonstrates how easy to use the system is.”
A significant time saving
The web application/product configurator saves significant time for both Renson customers and employees. The result is that error-free orders are processed much more quickly and problems are solved faster thanks to proper records management. Both Renson and its customers also benefit from better communication. The processing of uncomplicated orders takes place almost completely automatically, so that production can start immediately. This also makes handling last-minute orders easier. In addition to more efficient ordering, deliveries also proceed more smoothly.
Looking towards the future, Vandaele concludes, “LoQutus continues to support and guide Renson in a process of continuous improvement. Among other things, we are currently working with them to develop an Intranet that will make internal communications even more efficient.”


text:
Welcome to the site.
I am a psychiatrist and i believe i can help you wit your problem.
I am sorry to learn about your struggle to overcome depression and i empathize with you greatly.
Well, Depression is a condition which is quite notorious in weaving a vicious cycle which puts the shackles on the person and compromises the quality of life to large extent, so your sense of exasperation and desperation to come out of this condition is quite evident and i shall try to provide you with a plan of action to do the needful.
You see feeling emotionally numb which is clinically described as emotional blunting is a hallmark characteristic feature of Depressive illness and in your case the very existence of this despite being treated with CBT and anti depressants one year ago suggests that either your depression has returned or it never was fully conquered in the first place.
So in my opinion you need to restart on your treatment regime, which shall comprise of a potent and effective anti depressant drug like lexapro ( escitalopram) at dose of 10-20 mg/ day plus 1 mood stabilizer in the form of either quetiapine at low dose of 25 mg / day at bedtime or Lamictal ( lamotrigine ) at dose of 50-100 mg / day in two divided doses. Other than this 2 drug regime you may restart yourself on CBT .
This time around complete the drug regime course for at least 5-6 months before coming off them one by one albeit slowly through tapering method. Learn from your therapist about the various coping skills and strategies to counter stressful life situations and begin to apply them on yourself on a regular basis to counter stress related issues and circumstances.
Kindly do as much as mentioned here after of course discussing the same with your therapist and prescribing doctor and hopefully this will put an end to your struggles with depression once and for all, provided you stick to the drug regime and therapy judiciously and carry them out under direct supervision of the health professionals.
I hope this answers your query.
Wish you all the best.
Please kindly leave a POSITIVE RATING if you are satisfied with the answer.

domain: medical


text:
SDN Lady McKell Children’s Education and Care Centre was established as a child care centre by the community for the community over 50 years ago, and continues to offer a highly accredited early learning education program. Imagine a special place filled with laughter and wonder for children to learn and grow. Where they are guided and nurtured by a team of passionate Early Childhood Educators. Where the educational curriculum is designed to support the children to explore and research their own interests, so they are happy and fully engaged in what they are doing. A place where families and friends are warmly welcomed.
SDN Lady McKell encourages early learning and child care who provide the foundation for children to develop both educationally and socially in a safe environment while supporting parents into work. Did you know? The Australian Government provides a number of subsidies and programs to help you with the cost of your childcare.
copyright © 2019 Child Care Canberra. All rights reserved.

domain: sociology


Clothing has always been an essential part of human culture, and the black community is no exception. The clothes that people wear can reveal a lot about their identity, values, and beliefs. In the black culture, clothing is not just a fashion statement but also a form of self-expression and political statement. This article will explore the meaning behind some of the most iconic clothing items in black culture and how they have evolved over time. From the iconic dashiki to the more contemporary streetwear, we will delve into the history and significance of these clothes and how they have come to represent the black community.
The Importance of Clothing in Black Culture
Historical Significance of Clothing in Black Culture
Clothing has played a significant role in Black culture throughout history. From the early days of slavery to the modern-day Black Lives Matter movement, clothing has been used as a form of resistance and self-expression.
Clothing as a Form of Resistance
During slavery, Black people were not allowed to wear the same clothing as their white counterparts. They were often forced to wear ragged and worn-out clothes, which became a symbol of their oppression. However, Black people also used clothing as a form of resistance. They would often sew secret messages into their clothing, such as escape routes or symbols of hope, to aid in their escape from slavery.
Clothing as a Means of Self-Expression
After slavery, Black people continued to use clothing as a means of self-expression. They embraced their cultural heritage by wearing traditional African clothing and accessories. They also began to incorporate their own unique style into their clothing, using bold colors and patterns to express their individuality.
Today, Black people continue to use clothing as a form of self-expression and resistance. The Black Lives Matter movement has seen individuals using clothing to make political statements and raise awareness about social issues. Clothing has become a powerful tool for Black people to express their identity and assert their presence in society.
The Influence of Black Culture on Fashion
The Impact of Black Music and Dance on Fashion
The influence of Black culture on fashion is profound and far-reaching. One of the most significant ways in which Black culture has impacted fashion is through music and dance. Black music, in particular, has been a driving force behind many fashion trends. For example, the hip-hop genre, which originated in the Black community, has had a significant impact on streetwear fashion. The baggy jeans, oversized t-shirts, and sneakers that are synonymous with hip-hop fashion have become a staple of urban fashion around the world. Similarly, the energetic and expressive nature of Black dance has also influenced fashion trends. The intricate footwork and dynamic movements of dance styles like tap, jazz, and contemporary have inspired designers to create clothing that is both functional and expressive.
The Role of Black Celebrities in Shaping Fashion Trends
Black celebrities have also played a significant role in shaping fashion trends. From the 1920s to the present day, Black celebrities have been fashion icons and trendsetters. In the 1920s, the actress and singer Josephine Baker was known for her glamorous and extravagant outfits, which featured feathers, beads, and other elaborate accessories. In the 1960s, the civil rights activist and fashion icon Diane Nash was known for her simple yet stylish wardrobe, which consisted of tailored suits and classic dresses. In the 1980s, the rapper and fashion icon LL Cool J was known for his bold and innovative style, which featured oversized t-shirts, leather jackets, and colorful accessories. Today, Black celebrities like Beyoncé, Rihanna, and Kanye West continue to influence fashion trends and inspire new styles. Their influence on fashion has helped to promote diversity and inclusivity in the fashion industry, and has helped to challenge traditional beauty standards and stereotypes.
Common Clothing Items in Black Culture
Hip-Hop Inspired Clothing
Baggy Jeans and T-Shirts
In black culture, baggy jeans and t-shirts have become a staple in fashion. The style is often associated with the hip-hop subculture and has been popularized by artists such as Run-DMC and LL Cool J. This type of clothing has been worn by many prominent figures in the hip-hop community, and has become a symbol of urban streetwear.
The baggy jeans and t-shirt style originated in the 1980s, as a response to the flashy and expensive clothing of the disco era. It was a way for young people to express their individuality and rebel against the mainstream fashion of the time. The oversized t-shirts and loose-fitting jeans became a symbol of urban youth culture, and were often adorned with slogans and logos that reflected the wearer’s sense of style and identity.
Today, baggy jeans and t-shirts continue to be a popular fashion choice among young people in black culture. They are often worn with other hip-hop inspired clothing items, such as snapback hats and high-top sneakers, to create a complete look. The style is often associated with a carefree and rebellious attitude, and is seen as a way to express one’s individuality and cultural identity.
Air Jordan Sneakers
Air Jordan sneakers are another popular clothing item in black culture. The brand was created by Michael Jordan, one of the most iconic basketball players of all time, and has become a symbol of style and success. The sneakers are known for their distinctive design, which features the Jordan logo and the iconic “Jumpman” silhouette.
Air Jordan sneakers have been popular among young people in black culture since the 1980s. They were originally worn as a way to show support for Michael Jordan and his achievements on the basketball court. However, over time, the sneakers have become a symbol of urban streetwear and are now worn by people of all ages and backgrounds.
The popularity of Air Jordan sneakers has transcended the world of basketball and has become a cultural phenomenon. They are often worn as a status symbol, and are seen as a way to express one’s style and individuality. The sneakers are also associated with the hip-hop subculture, and are often featured in music videos and other forms of media.
Overall, hip-hop inspired clothing has become an important part of black culture. It has provided a way for young people to express their individuality and cultural identity, and has become a symbol of urban streetwear. Whether it’s baggy jeans and t-shirts or Air Jordan sneakers, these clothing items have become a staple in the wardrobes of many people in black culture.
African-inspired clothing is a significant aspect of black culture, with various garments reflecting the rich history and traditions of the African continent. This clothing often serves as a symbol of pride, identity, and cultural heritage. Here are two key examples of African-inspired clothing in black culture:
Kente cloth is a traditional fabric originating from the Akan people of Ghana and the Ivory Coast. It is woven on a vertical loom and composed of interwoven threads, creating a distinctive pattern and texture. The cloth is often colorful, with vibrant hues and intricate designs.
Kente cloth holds great cultural and historical significance, as it is believed to have originated during the 17th century as a form of resistance against European colonization. Each pattern and color in the cloth carries its own meaning, with various symbols and stories woven into the fabric. For example, the Adinkra symbols, which are native to the Akan people, are often incorporated into Kente cloth designs. These symbols represent concepts such as wisdom, strength, and prosperity.
Kente cloth has become a popular garment in black culture, with many people incorporating it into their traditional attire or using it as a fashion statement. It is often worn at special occasions, such as weddings, funerals, and cultural festivals. The cloth serves as a symbol of African pride and heritage, connecting people to their roots and fostering a sense of cultural identity.
The dashiki is a loose-fitting, colorful garment traditionally worn by men in West Africa, particularly in Nigeria, Ghana, and Senegal. It is typically made from woven cotton or silk and is often decorated with vibrant patterns and designs. The dashiki is worn as an outer garment, draped over a plain shirt or dress.
The dashiki has become a significant aspect of black culture, particularly in the United States, where it was adopted by the Black Power movement during the 1960s and 1970s. The garment was embraced as a symbol of black pride and identity, representing a connection to African heritage and a rejection of Western fashion norms.
Today, the dashiki remains a popular clothing item in black culture, with many people wearing it as a statement piece or as part of their traditional attire. It is often worn at cultural events, festivals, and gatherings, serving as a symbol of African pride and identity. Additionally, the dashiki has been adapted and modernized by various designers, with the garment being incorporated into contemporary fashion trends.
In conclusion, African-inspired clothing, such as Kente cloth and dashiki, plays a significant role in black culture. These garments serve as symbols of pride, identity, and heritage, connecting people to their roots and fostering a sense of cultural connection. Through their vibrant colors and intricate designs, these clothing items showcase the rich history and traditions of Africa, making them an essential aspect of black culture.
Streetwear and Urban Clothing
Streetwear and urban clothing have become increasingly popular in black culture over the years. This style of clothing is often associated with urban environments and is characterized by its bold, trendy, and sometimes controversial designs. Here are some key elements of streetwear and urban clothing in black culture:
Graphic tees are a staple in streetwear and urban clothing. These t-shirts often feature bold, eye-catching designs, such as logos, slogans, or graphics. Many of these designs are inspired by popular culture, including music, sports, and entertainment. Graphic tees can be worn as a casual, everyday garment or as a statement piece in a fashionable outfit.
Snapback hats are another popular item in streetwear and urban clothing. These hats are typically adjustable and feature a plastic snap closure at the back. They are often worn tilted to one side or backwards, and can be worn with a variety of outfits. Snapback hats are often associated with a particular style or brand, and can be used to show allegiance to a particular group or movement.
In addition to graphic tees and snapback hats, streetwear and urban clothing may also include items such as hoodies, denim jackets, and high-top sneakers. These items are often worn in a specific way to create a particular style or look, and can be used to express personal style and individuality. Overall, streetwear and urban clothing play an important role in black culture, serving as a form of self-expression and cultural identity.
The Significance of Accessories in Black Culture
Hair accessories have been an essential part of black culture for centuries. These accessories serve not only as a means of personal expression but also as a way to maintain and celebrate the natural beauty of black hair.
A durag is a type of hair accessory that originated in Africa and has been widely adopted in black culture. It is a rectangular piece of fabric that is worn around the head to protect and style hair. Durags are often made of cotton or silk and can be worn by both men and women. They are particularly popular among those who wear their hair in dreadlocks or braids, as they help to keep the hair moisturized and protected.
Headwraps are another popular hair accessory in black culture. They are typically rectangular pieces of fabric that are wrapped around the head and tucked into the hair to create a turban-like effect. Headwraps are often made of cotton, silk, or synthetic materials and can be worn by both men and women. They are popular among those who want to keep their hair moisturized, protected, and styled, as well as those who want to make a fashion statement.
Headwraps have a rich history in black culture, dating back to the time of slavery when women would wrap their hair to prevent it from being damaged by the harsh conditions of plantation life. Today, headwraps are often worn as a way to express cultural pride and identity.
In addition to their practical uses, hair accessories in black culture also hold symbolic meaning. For example, the durag has been associated with the black pride movement and has been worn as a symbol of resistance against systemic oppression. Similarly, headwraps have been used as a way to express solidarity with other black women and to reclaim the beauty standards set by mainstream society.
Overall, hair accessories play an important role in black culture, serving as a means of personal expression, cultural pride, and historical significance.
In Black culture, jewelry holds significant meaning as a form of self-expression and cultural identity. From gold grillz to statement earrings, each piece carries a unique history and significance within the community.
Gold grillz, also known as fronts, are a type of dental jewelry that originated in hip-hop culture. They consist of a gold cap that covers the front teeth, often decorated with intricate designs and diamonds. For many in Black culture, gold grillz serve as a symbol of status, wealth, and creativity. They are often worn during special occasions, such as music videos, interviews, and performances, as a way to showcase one’s success and individuality.
Statement earrings, such as large hoop earrings or chandelier earrings, have become a popular accessory in Black culture. These earrings are often worn to make a bold fashion statement and draw attention to one’s style. In addition to their fashionable appeal, statement earrings can also hold cultural significance. For example, many African tribes have traditionally worn large, elaborate earrings as a symbol of wealth, status, and beauty. In Black culture, wearing statement earrings can be a way to honor these traditional practices and celebrate one’s heritage.
Overall, jewelry plays an important role in Black culture as a form of self-expression and cultural identity. From gold grillz to statement earrings, each piece holds its own unique history and significance within the community.
Hats have long been a significant part of black culture, serving as both a practical and stylish accessory. They are often used to protect the wearer from the elements, as well as to express their personal style and cultural identity. In this section, we will explore the different types of hats that are popular in black culture and their meanings.
Baseball caps have been a staple in black culture for decades. They were first worn by baseball players in the early 1900s and later became a popular fashion accessory for people of all ages and backgrounds. In black culture, baseball caps are often worn as a way to express one’s identity and to pay homage to their favorite sports teams or musicians.
Baseball caps have also become a symbol of social and political awareness. Many people wear them as a way to show support for various causes, such as Black Lives Matter or LGBTQ+ rights. Additionally, baseball caps have been used as a form of protest, with many people wearing them as a way to make a statement against systemic racism and police brutality.
Snapback hats are a more recent addition to black culture, having gained popularity in the 1990s and 2000s. They are similar to baseball caps in that they are designed to keep the sun out of the wearer’s eyes, but they have a different style and are often associated with hip-hop culture.
Snapback hats are typically worn tilted to one side, and they are often decorated with logos or brand names. They have become a popular accessory among young people in black culture, with many people wearing them as a way to express their individuality and style.
Overall, hats play an important role in black culture, serving as both a practical and stylish accessory. They are often used to express one’s identity, pay homage to favorite sports teams or musicians, and show support for various causes.
The Future of Clothing in Black Culture
Emerging Trends in Black Fashion
Sustainable fashion is an emerging trend in black culture, with many designers and consumers becoming more conscious of the environmental impact of their clothing choices. This includes using eco-friendly materials, reducing waste, and promoting ethical labor practices. Sustainable fashion in black culture is not only about reducing environmental harm but also about creating a more equitable and just fashion industry.
Gender-neutral clothing is another emerging trend in black fashion, with designers and consumers embracing a more fluid approach to dressing. This trend challenges traditional gender norms and stereotypes, allowing individuals to express their unique style and identity without being constrained by societal expectations. Gender-neutral clothing in black culture is about celebrating individuality and breaking down barriers that have historically limited fashion choices for people of color.
In conclusion, the future of clothing in black culture is about embracing emerging trends that promote sustainability, inclusivity, and self-expression. These trends reflect a growing desire for a more conscious and equitable fashion industry, one that values the voices and experiences of people of color.
The Rise of Black-Owned Fashion Brands
The Importance of Supporting Black-Owned Businesses
Supporting Black-owned businesses is crucial for the growth and sustainability of the fashion industry. It not only provides economic opportunities for Black entrepreneurs but also promotes diversity and inclusivity in the industry. By supporting Black-owned fashion brands, consumers can help break down barriers and challenge the dominant narrative of mainstream fashion.
Examples of Successful Black-Owned Fashion Brands
There are numerous successful Black-owned fashion brands that are making waves in the industry. Some of these brands include:
- Pyer Moss: Founded by Kerby Jean-Raymond, Pyer Moss is a luxury fashion brand that uses its platform to address social and political issues. The brand has been praised for its innovative designs and has won several awards, including the CFDA/Vogue Fashion Fund.
- Khaite: Founded by Catherine Holstein, Khaite is a contemporary fashion brand that focuses on sustainable and ethical practices. The brand has gained a following for its minimalist and elegant designs and has been featured in several high-profile fashion publications.
- Theophilio: Founded by Brandice Daniel, Theophilio is a New York-based fashion brand that offers gender-fluid clothing. The brand has been praised for its unique approach to fashion and has won several awards, including the CFDA/Vogue Fashion Fund.
- Ashi: Founded by Akua Shabba, Ashi is a London-based fashion brand that focuses on sustainable and ethical practices. The brand has gained a following for its unique approach to fashion and has been featured in several high-profile fashion publications.
- Sorayama: Founded by Sinisha Helnwein, Sorayama is a Berlin-based fashion brand that focuses on gender-fluid clothing. The brand has been praised for its innovative designs and has won several awards, including the LVMH Prize.
These are just a few examples of the many successful Black-owned fashion brands that are making an impact in the industry. By supporting these brands, consumers can help to promote diversity and inclusivity in fashion and empower Black entrepreneurs.
The Impact of Social Media on Black Fashion
The Growth of Black Fashion Influencers
- The rise of social media platforms like Instagram and TikTok has led to an explosion of Black fashion influencers who have become prominent figures in the industry. These influencers use their platforms to showcase their personal style, share their fashion opinions, and promote Black-owned fashion brands.
- By sharing their experiences and perspectives on fashion, Black influencers have helped to diversify the fashion industry and create a more inclusive environment for people of color. They have also helped to break down barriers and stereotypes associated with Black culture and fashion.
- The influence of Black fashion influencers has also led to the growth of niche fashion communities, such as the “pretty little faith” community, which focuses on modest and chic fashion for young women of color. These communities have helped to create a sense of belonging and connection for people who may not have felt represented in mainstream fashion.
The Role of Social Media in Promoting Black-Owned Fashion Brands
- Social media has also played a significant role in promoting Black-owned fashion brands and helping them gain visibility and recognition in the industry. Platforms like Instagram and Twitter have provided a space for Black designers and entrepreneurs to showcase their work and connect with customers and supporters.
- Social media has also enabled Black-owned fashion brands to bypass traditional barriers to entry and gain access to a wider audience. By leveraging the power of social media, these brands have been able to build a loyal following and establish themselves as leaders in the industry.
- In addition, social media has allowed Black-owned fashion brands to connect with other Black-owned businesses and form a supportive network that helps to promote and uplift each other. This has helped to create a sense of community and shared purpose among Black entrepreneurs in the fashion industry.
1. What are some common clothing items that represent black culture?
Some common clothing items that represent black culture include dashikis, kufis, and afros. Dashikis are a type of shirt traditionally worn in Africa, and are often worn by people of African descent as a symbol of cultural identity. Kufis are a type of hat worn by Muslim men, and are also a common sight in black culture. Afros are a hairstyle that became popular in the 1960s and 1970s, and are often associated with black pride and cultural identity.
2. What is the significance of clothing in black culture?
Clothing has always played an important role in black culture, as it is often used as a form of self-expression and a way to celebrate cultural identity. In many cases, clothing has been used as a means of resistance against systemic oppression and discrimination. For example, during the civil rights movement, many black people wore clothing that displayed their pride in their heritage and their commitment to social justice.
3. How has black culture influenced fashion?
Black culture has had a significant impact on fashion, particularly in areas such as music, sports, and entertainment. Many fashion trends that have become popular in mainstream culture have their roots in black culture, such as hip-hop fashion and urban streetwear. Additionally, many fashion designers of color have used their platforms to showcase and celebrate black culture through their designs.
4. Can anyone wear clothing that represents black culture?
Yes, anyone can wear clothing that represents black culture. However, it is important to approach this with respect and understanding. If you are not of African descent, it is important to recognize that these cultural symbols may hold different meanings and significance for people of color. It is important to be mindful of this and to use your privilege to amplify the voices and experiences of people of color.


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Horse and Pony Care
Suitable for pony-lovers learning to care for horses. This work provides information about ponies and horses. From finding out where to keep a pony, through caring for tack to riding school lessons and riding out, it gives a child all the basic practical information they need to care for the horse or pony that they love.
What people are saying - Write a review
LibraryThing ReviewUser Review - Heather19 - LibraryThing
A very good, informative book about horse and pony care. Shows everything from grooming and tacking to basic health care and even how to choose a good stable/pasture for the horse. Read full review


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Mexican authorities have reportedly caught a dangerous migrant fugitive trying to blend in with the newest caravan headed to the United States.
Authorities in the southern Mexico state of Chiapas reported the arrest of a 19-year-old described as a dangerous Salvadoran gang enforcer and a member of the 18th Street gang, according to the attorney general’s office as reported by Breitbart News.
Amílcar Orlando “N” – also known as “The Junior, Mala Cría or Hellboy,” had warrants out for “aggravated homicide, illegal deprivation of liberty, aggravated extortion, illicit groupings and possession of narcotics.”
Orlando was apprehended in Tapachula, Chiapas, near the Guatemala border, as he attempted to blend in with members of the caravan headed north. El Salvador’s’ gang unit and other agencies worked together with state authorities in identifying the fugitive who was then handed to Mexico’s National Immigration Institute to be deported.
President Donald Trump continues to stand by his promise to protect Americans from criminals looking to enter the country illegally, even as Democrats and other liberals blast him for a “manufactured crisis” at the border. Despite Border Patrol agents and other experts agreeing with the president about the effectiveness of a barrier wall and immigration reforms, Democrats continue to dig in against the need to secure the nation’s southern border.
Last week, police in Honduras arrested one of the new migrant caravan’s organizers on charges of rape. Juan Carlos Molina was reportedly one of the key promoters of the Honduran caravan and was arrested at the bus station in San Pedro Sula where the latest caravan departed, Breitbart News reported. The 26-year-old, who had a warrant from a 2015 rape investigation, was carrying fake forms of identification when he was arrested.
The border gates between Mexico and Guatemala were rushed by hundreds of migrants just days ago as they broke the locks and crossed the border. Rather than arrest the illegally entering migrants, estimated by Mexico’s National Coordinator for Civil Protection David De Leon as numbering about 800, Mexican authorities provided police protection and escorted them north.
The latest incident involving the Salvadoran gang enforcer arrested on rape charges drew heated reaction from Twitter users.
— ???Lady De’Plorable⭐⭐⭐ (@LadyRedWave) January 22, 2019
Oh look at this, more truth for the Left to ignore, while they worry about stupid red hats!
— JK Old Gal (@Jkoldone14) January 22, 2019
Are you sure that isn’t just a manufactured crisis?
— jack (@89jake) January 22, 2019
Mexican authorities announced the arrest of an 18th St. gang enforcer attempting to blend in w/ the new #MigrantCaravan. Confirmed to have several warrants for murder, kidnapping, extortion in his home country.
— Bravo Sierra (@sierra3362) January 22, 2019
He was just looking for a job & a better life, right?
— Quincy Jackson ?? (@qrayjack) January 22, 2019
Oh Nancy @SpeakerPelosi how many did we miss?
— It’s not me! (@rizz514) January 22, 2019
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domain: news


text:
The Vaucluse is a small departement in the South East of France. The main town, Avignon, is at the Rhône-Durance confluence. These two valleys are very important for birdlife as are the Ventoux and Luberon mountains. This area is poorly known amongst foreign birders but there are numerous good sites to birdwatch.
For each site, we have prepared a list of the birds which can be seen in each season. The names of those which are not present every year are in brackets.
A - Plan de Dieu airfield, near Travaillan
In the North-West of the departement. Having left Orange head for Camaret on the D75 and then take the D23 towards Sablet. About 4.5 km after leaving Camaret, take the minor road on the left which is signposted "aeroclub". Park by the side of the road when you reach the entrance to this almost steppe-like area of grassland. This site is only of interest from May until September. Beware, it is a military site, don't leave the tracks.
Breeding birds: Stone Curlew, Little Bustard, Hoopoe, Short-toed Lark, Tawny Pipit, (Black-eared Wheatear), Serin, Cirl Bunting. On migration: Tawny Pipit, Black-eared Wheatear.
B - St-Estève-Janson Nature Reserve
On the left side of the Durance (Bouches-du-Rhone departement). Coming from Cadenet, cross the Durance and then turn left towards Meyrargues, on to the D561. Continue along the road for about 1 km until you reach the entrance to the reserve which is on the left, just after the bridge which crosses the "Electricite de France" canal. Leave your car here. Groups who wish to vivit the reserve should contact the Mairie (Mayor's Office) in St Esteve-Janson. A path allows visitors to walk right round the reservoir without disturbing the birds. Another path, to the Nord-West of the reservoir, leads into the woodland at the water's edge (a habitat known as la ripisylve) which is among the most beautiful in the valley.
Breeding birds: Little Bittern (4 pairs), Little Egret, (Booted Eagle), Black Kite, Short-toed Eagle, Yellow-legged Gull, Scops Owl, Bee-eater, Crested Lark, Fan-tailed, Cetti's, Great Reed, (Moustached), Melodious and Sardinian Warblers, Short-toed Treecreeper, Golden Oriole, Serin, Cirl Bunting.
On migration: White Stork, Purple Heron, Night Heron, Ferrugineus Duck, Bluethroat, Moustached Warbler, Penduline Tit. Winter birds: Penduline Tit.
C - The reservoir at Mérindol - Mallemort.
In the South of the departement, right side of the Durance. Having left Cavaillon on the D973, turn right, as you reach the viallge of Merindol, at a crossroads marked by a roundabout. Follow the signs to Observatoire ornithologique. We advise you to visit this site early in the morning when the sun is behind you. In the afternoon, it is better to stop at the far bank on the Mallemort side of the reservoir.
Breeding birds: Little Egret, (Squacco Heron), Bonelli's Eagle, Egyptian Vulture, Black Kite, Short-toed Eagle, Little Ringed Plover, Yellow-legged Gull, Eagle Owl, Cetti's, Fan-tailed, Great Reed, Melodious and Sardinian Warblers, Short-toed Treecreeper, Golden Oriole, Serin, Cirl Bunting. On migration: Night and Purple Herons, Great White Egret, Mediterranean Gull, Alpine Swift, Crag Martin, Moustached Warbler, Penduline Tit.
Winter birds: numerous Cormorants, Great White Egret, Ferrugineous Duck, Bonelli's Eagle, Eagle Owl, Penduline Tit.
D - Luberon at Mérindol.
In the South of the departement. From the highest point of the village, follow the path which leads to the summit of the Vallon Bernard and La Ferme de Sadaillan. After walking through sparse vegetation for about 2.5 km you will find the footpath which leads back down and you should follow it for 1 km until you reach a junction. Here, you can either turn left and go back to the village, or, right, along the path which leads you to the Font de l'Orme Forest Lodge and on to the St Phales Crau and which allow excellent views of the cliffs of Roque Maliere. For the courageous, the track continues for around 10 km, finally reching the scenic mountain road.
Breeding birds: Egyptian Vulture, Short-toed Eagle, Bonelli's Eagle, (Great spotted Cuckoo) Eagle Owl, Scops Owl, Alpine Swift, Wood Lark, Crag Martin, Tawny Pipit, Black-eared Wheatear, Blue Rock Thrush, Dartford, Sardinian, Subalpine (Spectacled) and Bonelli's Warblers, Southern Great Grey Shrike, Serin, Cirl and Ortolan Buntings. Winter birds: Bonelli's Eagle, Eagle Owl, Alpine Accentor, Blue Rock Thrush, Dartford and Sardinian Warblers, Wallcreeper, Southern Great Grey Shrike, Rock Bunting.
E - The Rhône river at Donzère and Viviers.
In the North, in the Ardeche and Drome departements. From Donzère head towards Viviers on the D86j which crosses the old Robinet bridge. Having crossed the Rhône leave your car on the left, immediately after the bridge and follow the riverside bank on foot. About 750 m further on, there is an island which is home to a wide range of birds.
Breeding birds: Night Heron, Little and Cattle Egrets, Black Kite, Yellow-legged Gull, Bee-eater, Cetti's and Great Reed Warblers, Short-toed Treecreeper, Golden Oriole, Serin, Cirl Bunting. In winter and migration: Penduline Tit and numerous ducks.
On the cliffs on the left bank of the Rhone: Breeding birds: Short-toed Eagle, Eagle Owl, Alpine Swift, Crag Martin, Blue Rock Thrush, Subalpine Warbler.
F - Marais de l'Ile Vieille near Mondragon.
In the North of the departement, along the Rhone. At the traffic lights on the RN7 at Mondragon, take the Lamotte du Rhone and Pt St esprit Road which is on the right as you come from the North. Cross the motorway and the canal. Straight after the canal turn left onto the little road running alongside the fields. After 2 km, you pass the TGV bridge, then you will see an old farm on the right. Follow the road and, in a left turn, take the large track on your right. Leave your car here and make your way to the lakeside bank. You can also view the lake further East at la ferme de la Miat. To get there, take the first minor road on the left as you return to Mondragon, and follow it until you reach the track which takes you to the top of the bank. You can also explore the fields around.
Breeding birds: Little Bittern, Night and Purple Herons, Little Egret, Black Kite, Little Ringed Plover, Yellow-legged Gull, Scops Owl, Bee-eater, Crested Lark, Cetti's, Fan-tailed, Great Reed, Melodious and Sardinian Warblers, Short-toed Treecreeper, Serin, Cirl Bunting. On migration: White Stork, Alpine Swift, Penduline Tit. In Winter: (Divers), Great White Egret, Penduline Tit, Short-toed Treecreeper.
G - Rocher de Mornas.
Just North of Orange. During the breeding season, this rock which fists out over the village is home to Alpine Swift, Blue Rock Thrush and Black Redstart, while Dartford and Sardinian Warblers, Serin and Cirl Bunting breed in the scrub near the summit.
H - Etang de Suze la Rousse.
In the Drome departement, North-East of Orange, East of Bollene. Take the D59 from Suze in the direction of St Paul Trois Chateaux. 2.750 km after the Château La Borie, the road turns left. Here, take the track on the right which leads into the woods and follow it for around 750 m until you reach a reedbed on the righthand side.
This site is also noteworthy for its diversity of amphibians and reptiles.
I - The Pierrelatte airfield.
Sout-West of the Drôme département. Near the Rhône. Follow the N7 and the sign to aerodrome on your right, north of the town. This site is near the site E (Donzère-Viviers).
Breeding birds: Common Quail, Little Bustard, Bee-eater, Hoopoe, Tawny Pipit, Fan-tailed Warbler.
J - Fontaine de Vaucluse.
East of Avignon , near Isle-sur-la-Sorgue. Follow the River Sorgue from the village up to its source. Grey Wagtails and a pair of Dippers nest here and, during the breeding season, Alpine Swift, Crag Martin, Black Redstart and Blue Rock Thrush can all be seen on the cliffs above. In winter: Wallcreeper. Visiting this site is better early morning and not on Saturday and Sunday !
K - Dentelles de Montmirail.
North of Carpentras. There are two sites in this range which are particularly worth visiting.
a) Le Grand Montmirail. Take the D90 from Beaumes de Venise towards Lafare and Malaucene. After about 1.5 km, the road crosses the stream "la Salette". 0.5 km further on, take the minor road on the left (take great care as the road is very narrow and is often in a poor state of repair). Stop in one of the parking spots at the base of the cliffs.
Breeding birds: (Booted Eagle), Egyptian Vulture, Short-toed Eagle, Eagle Owl, Scops Owl, Alpine Swift, Bee-eater, Hoopoe, Crag Martin, Tawny Pipit, Black Redstart, Blue Rock Thrush, Melodious, Subalpine, Dartford, Sardinian and Bonelli's Warblers, Firecrest, Southern Great Grey Shrike, Cirl and Ortolan Buntings.
In winter: Eagle Owl, Alpine Accentor, Blue Rock Thrush, Dartford and Sardinian Warblers, Wallcreeper, Rock Bunting.
b) Col du Cayron. At Gigondas, take the road to Les Florets, right up to the Cayron pass where there is a car park.
We suggest that you visit the following sites which are among the richest.
a) From Mont Serein (reached from Malaucene) to Contrat.
b) From the Chalet Reynard (reached from Bédoin) to the mountain peaks which you can reach by following the ski-lifts.
Breeding birds: Short-toed Eagle, Northern Goshawk, Black Woodpecker, Wood Lark, Crag Martin, Tawny Pipit, Rock Thrush, Black Redstart, Short-toed Treecreeper, Serin, Citril Finch, Crossbill and Rock, Cirl and Ortolan Buntings. Winter birds: Snowfinch, Citril Finch, Cirl Bunting.
c) The Perrache wood (reached from Bedoin). At around 1 000 m, a track leads off the right and here you can leave your car in the park. You can walk a circuit of about 5 km through the wood if you follow the forest track and keep turning left.
d) The Col du Comte road (The Count's pass). This is on your right as you come down from Mont Serein, after about 3 km, and there is a large car park at the site. By following this road you will reach Brantes in the Toulourenc Valley.
Breeding birds: Short-toed Eagle, Northern Goshawk, Eagle Owl, Alpine Swift, Black Woodpecker, Crag Martin, Bonelli's Warbler, Firecrest, Short-toed Treecreeper, Rock and Cirl Bunting.
M - Plateau d'Albion (Sault region).
a) Gorges de la Nesque. Take the road which leaves Monieux and stop at the viewpoint overlooking Le Rocher du Cire.
Breeding birds: Egyptian Vulture, Short-toed Eagle, Peregrine Falcon, Eagle Owl, Alpine Swift, Crag Martin, Black Redstart, Blue Rock and Rock Thrushes, Subalpine and Bonelli's Warblers, Cirl and Rock Buntings.
Winter birds: (Crag Martin), Alpine Accentor, Blue Rock Thrush, Wallcreeper.
b) From Monieux to Sault. In spring and summer, stop at the pond near Monieux and look for birds in the fields between here and Sault (having keft Monieux, take the second road on the right and then turn left.)
Breeding birds: Little Bittern, Short-toed Eagle, (Booted Eagle), Montagu's Harrier, Common Quail, Little Bustard, Stone Curlew, Scops Owl, Eagle Owl, Hoopoe, (Roller), Wryneck, Wood Lark, Crag Martin, Tawny Pipit, Blue Rock Thrush, Great Reed and Subalpine Warblers, Firecrest, Short-toed Treecreeper, Southern Great Grey, Red-backed, Woodchat and (Lesser Grey) Shrikes, Rock Sparrow, Serin, Cirl, Ortolan and Rock Buntings. On migration: Black Stork, Red-footed Falcon, Penduline Tit.
N - Lagarde d'Apt.
North of Apt. As you come from Apt, take the little road on the right just before the very small village of Lagarde d'Apt, which leads to Le Château de Bois. After about 0.8 km, a little road leads off to the left and from here you can explore the beechwoods and the surrounding fields.
Breeding birds: Short-toed Eagle, Northern Goshawk, Montagu's Harrier, Common Quail, Scops Owl, Hoopoe, Wryneck, Black Woodpecker, Wood Lark, Tawny Pipit, Subalpine and Bonelli's Warblers, Firecrest, Short-toed Treecreeper, Southern Great Grey and Red-backed Shrikes, Rock Sparrow and Rock and Cirl Buntings.
In winter: Southern Great Grey Shrike, Rock Sparrow, Citril Finch., Rock Bunting.
O - Avignon, Durance.
At the Allees de l'Oule, take the road which leads beside the Rhone in the direction of Arles and Marseille. After a set of traffic lights, the road passes under two railway bridges. A few dozen metres further on, turn right. This road follow a canal which you should cross after about 4 km by turning onto a small road on the right. Go up onto the bank along which you should walk upstream for about 2 km to reach the marais de Courtine.
Breeding birds: Little Egret, Black Kite, Yellow-legged Gull, Bee-eater, Short-toed and Crested Lark, Tawny Pipit, Cetti's, Fan-tailed, Great Reed, Melodious and Sardinian Warblers, Serin, Cirl Bunting.
Winter and migrating birds: Night Heron, Little Egret, Red-crested Pochard, Black-winged Stilt, Black-headed Gull, Black-eared Wheatear, Moustached Warbler, Penduline Tit, Serin, Cirl and Rock Buntings (Snow Bunting).

domain: travel


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This is a typical itinerary for this product
Pass By: Reichstag Building, Berlin
The guide will show you the Reichstag building and explain its eventful history (we do not enter the building!).
Pass By: Brandenburg Gate, Berlin
The guide will show you this iconic site, talking about its history and interesting anecdotes around it.
Pass By: Museum Island, Berlin
The guide will show you the different buildings on museum island and explain their origins. We do not enter any buildings!
Pass By: Topographie des Terrors, Berlin
The guide will explain the exhibition and embed it into the historic context.
Pass By: Potsdamer Platz, Berlin
You'll see the buildings from far and hear from the guide how massively the area has changed over the last decades.
Pass By: Unter den Linden, Berlin
Walk down Unter den Linden with the guide and take in the great views.
Pass By: Friedrichstrasse, Berlin
Cross this street with our guide and come back later for shopping or coffee.
Pass By: Neue Wache, Berlin
The guide will talk about the history and meaning of this Memorial. If time allows it, you can also have a quick look inside.
Pass By: Mitte, Berlin
You'll walk through Berlin-Mitte with your guide.
Pass By: Pariser Platz, Berlin
Hear all about the Pariser Platz from your guide and marvel at the surroundig buildings such as the Brandenburg Gate and the French, American and Russian Embassies.
Pass By: Memorial of the Berlin Wall, Berlin
See a remaining part of the Berlin Wall that once divided the city.
Pass By: The Holocaust Memorial - Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe, Berlin
You can enter the memorial site, but we will not go inside the museum.
Pass By: Original Berlin Walks, Berlin
Our expert guide team is happy to share their passion for history with you and show you around in Berlin.
Pass By: Checkpoint Charlie, Berlin
Hear about daring escape stories at Checkpoint Charlie and the division of Berlin.
Confirmation will be received at time of booking.
Not wheelchair accessible
Four hours crammed with impressive sights and fascinating history. Lynsey is a terrific guide. Knowledgeable, helpful and passionate about her work. Highly recommend this tour.
This was an excellent tour by Mauricio. He provided information that was interesting, did not overwhelm us with needless statistics that we’ll never remember, spliced his comments with humor, spoke excellent English, and, in general, I enjoyed the tour very much.
I highly recommend this tour. I do not recommend people stand in long lines to get into the duomo as it is spartan by European standards.
So informative, a beautiful sunny day but full of facts, humour and interest, from a very knowledgeable and passionate guy called Ken. He also had a great sense of humour. Highly recommended and great value for money.
Knowledgeable informative and humerous guide made this an excellent introduction to the main historical highlights of Berlin.. Would recommend Ken in a heartbeat
Superb value for money.Polly was exceptional in explaining everything throughout. So very well done Polly. Wonderful tour .
Gregor led a wonderful tour of central Berlin. He covered a huge amount of information in a very accessible way and we loved the blend of history, culture and art.
The guide (Izy) was the best, passionate with a deeper understanding of the history and not only. We can go with her as a guide anywhere.
Fantastic tour which was given by our tour guide Ryan. Ryan was very informative and he had a great passion and excellent knowledge of the city that he had called home for the last 11 year. We came away after four hours with lots of knowledge and information that we had not known before about Berlin - would definitely recommend this tour as your "taster" walking tour. We also did the Third Reich tour and the East Berlin Tour.
Kai was an excellent guide
Gave a thorough summary of the history with a good blend of humour and thought provoking commentary. We enjoyed it through out.
Met with our guide Torben who was so funny and full of knowledge of the history of Berlin. Would highly recommend this tour it is so interesting and I learnt so much. Thanks
Great walking tour round Berlin. Really crammed in so much history without overloading. Mariette was a great tour guide, very knowledgable. Would highly recommend if your limited on time in Berlin as it gets in a lot of the highlights
Tour guide Pippa was wonderful so much knowledge and funny also would recommend this tour from the start to the very end her knowledge was incredible What a tour guide fantastic
The half day walking tour was very informative and a great glance at what Berlin has to offer. Our guide, Rob Shaw, was very knowledgeable and personable. He made sure everyone was comfortable and got the most out of the tour. I would recommend this tour as a first activity to do in Berlin so you know what you want to check out later on your trip
Guide was friendly with lots of local historical knowledgeI was only in Berlin for one day and found this very informative
Kyle, our tour guide was fantastic. Despite an unexpectedly large group and bitter cold weather, Kyle lead an interesting tour of much of Berlin imparting much historical and other information and personal information to all who were interested. Highly recommend to anyone interested in Berlin, even if they’ve been here previously.
This really is an excellent tour that visits all the main points of interest in central Berlin. Our guide Wouter was superb - enthusiastic and knowledgable. Highly recommended.
Very knowledgeable guide - Kevin, and so an informative and enjoyable walking tour and a great way to get city orientation.
Very informative and enjoyable walk. Darren our guide had excellent knowledge of the history of Germany. Four hours on a cold December morning flew by and I would definitely recommend this tour.
Excellent. Jess really knew his history and local knowledge. Really great.would definitely recommend.
We had a fantastic experience on our 4 hour walking tour this October. Our guide David or as he preferred Dave was very pleasant with a great sense of humour ...he was punctual and gave us a comprehensive and informative guide visiting all the mainattractions. The information he gave us set the tone for the remaining stay in Berlin. We would highly recommend this tour.
This was a very informative tour. Laura our guide communicated everything so passionately and clearly. Great tour to start off your time in Berlin
This tour was amazing! We learned so much about Berlin and Germany. The pace was great and our guide was very knowledgeable and funny. I highly recommend this tour. Well worth it.
This was a brilliant tour! Beth was our guide for the morning and she was extremely knowledgeable and had a great sense of humour! She started by giving us a very comprehensive overview of the history of Germany, which laid a good foundation for the rest of the tour. Her approach as a guide was fantastic, she encouraged us to explore the memorials and then discussed how they made us feel afterwards. We really enjoyed this tour as it gave us a good overview of the city, both in finding our way around and in a historical context. I would definitely recommend it!
Tobi was great tour guide. He was extreme personable, knowledgeable, and able to answer the many questions that were posed. Can’t thank him enough for such a positive experience and its benefit to us as we continued to explore Berlin. If you are lucky enough to get Tobi as a tour guide, you’ll have a great time!Thanks to Tobi andViatir!
This tour served as the perfect introduction to the history and geography of Berlin. Lyndsey, our guide, was extremely knowledgeable and kept us going at a good pace to squeeze in many places of interest. Highly recommended.
An excellent tour to see the main sites and get the background on the history and events of the area for a new visitors to Berlin. Well worth the time and our guide was extremely knowledgeable of the history and significance of the sites visited and overall history of Berlin.
Ryan took my wife and I along with a group of about 20 people through Berlin. It was a delight. He was cordial, professional, knowledgable about the city and its history, and very funny. Ryan gave us ample time to explore on our own and alotted about 30 minutes for us to explore downtown near Checkpoint Charlie. He took us to all of the spots named in the description and had really informative information about each and every sight. He weaved in modern, Cold War, 3rd Reich, and Imperial German history into his tour, spanning centuries of historical events in this one tour. We loved it and would highly recommend it. We only spent 2 days in Berlin and this was a great way to see a lot of the city in an afternoon.
Berlin is a City that really requires a guide to see and understand. There is so much history and the City is one of constant change. We loved Berlin and this tour really got us acquainted with the City and what we wanted to do in Berlin during the remainder of our stay. Highly recommend this tour!
This was a wonderful tour that gave us a thorough overview of Berlin. At four hours, we thought it would be too much walking - but Sarah our tour guide - was engrossing, engaged and easily conveyed a lot of information. The time flew by even though the heat was almost unbearable. Sarah - despite the fairly large size group - took a lot of time to answer individual questions. Her enthusiasm as a Berlin transplant from Australia - was very apparent. Loved this tour. Would recommend to anyone trying to get an interesting snapshot of Berlin and its history.
What an incredible way to see Berlin and hear about the rich history!


Thanks for your comments Hood,
Actually the aircraft are all supposed to have the 13.2mm Browning machine guns. I'm hoping the much bigger round than the 303 will cause more damage. It was something I read from the Battle of Britain reports where the Hurricanes and Spitfires would spray their targets with 303 rounds to watch the bombers absorb the damage and keep flying. While the 20mm armed 109's would hit the fighters and knock them down.
I would want different air units aboard whether the ships were in the Atlantic or Med, in the Atlantic I would want more search and attack aircraft as most of the action is away from the coastlines. While in the Med the balance would go to a heavier concentration of fighters as you are almost always in range of enemy action.
The armour scheme I have given the ships is to give them a chance to fight another day as well. The 1" of armour on the flight deck and center deck are supposed to trigger armour piercing bombs to explode them on or above the 3" main deck. Thus the engines, boilers and areas that go bang are under the main deck. I have also read the after war reports on the condition of the Armoured deck carriers, that while the armoured flight deck allowed them to survive, the damage and warping done to the armoured structures meant that when it came time to determine which ships to keep after the war, the armoured decks did not fare well. Also the amount of work required on them to allow them to fly and house jets was very costly.
JU87's? even the dear old Skua could shoot them down. The Griffon would make mincemeat of them.
The Kamikazes were a problem to all ships in the Pacific, armoured decks or not, Bombhead sent me this link, which was very worthwhile reading.


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Displacement can be a means of escaping violence but it can also bring great suffering. Displacement is not inevitable, so what can we do to prevent it?
The many existing fragments of law relating to arbitrary displacement have a common thread running through them, revealing a human right not to be displaced. The existence of such a right might seem obvious but it has not yet been recognised in any international legal instrument.
The repertoire of survival actions of at-risk civilians includes both avoiding and attempting displacement. But there are also overlaps, combinations and tacking back and forth between the two, while trying to mitigate the risks that any choice entails.
A harmful action that is looming and has not yet taken place is difficult for third-party states to denounce or counter. Nevertheless, a whole range of measures and methodologies is at their disposal enabling them to contribute to the prevention of forced displacement.
The issue of the role of explosive weapons in generating displacement in urban areas has recently risen up the international agenda.
In order to prevent or reduce disaster-related displacement, we need to address some clear gaps in both knowledge and capacity by improving research on and awareness of disaster risks and associated human rights, and the capacity to address them.
There exists a set of inter-related normative texts for the protection of the environment and for the prevention and reduction of disasters, as well as for ensuring respect for human rights in all circumstances. Taken together these standards constitute an effective legal and operational framework and should not be interpreted independently or in isolation.
The severity of recent flooding in Thailand and the probability of future flooding have triggered a re-assessment of coping mechanisms employed by both the Thai population and the government.
Many of those who have fought against displacement now find themselves being advocates for resettlement and relocation. Knowing that displacements will occur as a result of climate change, the humanitarian community will need to work pre-emptively with communities identified as likely to be threatened on the land-based solutions that may be available to them.
Current global trends are putting increasing economic pressure on land and natural resources, raising the risk that new waves of internal displacement may be caused by the combined forces of climate change and large-scale investment in agriculture.
In hazard-prone developing countries, shelter interventions are an important way to prevent or mitigate natural disaster-induced displacement. To be effective, however, they need to be multi-faceted and carried out with the involvement of the communities affected.
The ‘choice’ to remain rather than flee is often in effect not really voluntary.
The International Committee of the Red Cross prioritises the need to prevent displacement-triggering events when possible. Their experience from around the world of working in this ‘pre-displacement’ phase – preventing violations of international humanitarian law (IHL), undertaking protection activities and providing assistance – highlights the complexity of the challenges and the central role of working in partnership to serve communities at risk.
There is no international human rights law standard that expressly prohibits businesses’ arbitrary displacement of persons. Businesses do, however, have the responsibility to avoid infringements of human rights that could lead to displacement and also to take actions to remedy their human rights violations that might lead to displacement.
Development projects remain one of the primary causes of displacement worldwide. Evictions are commonly involuntary. The case of a proposed coalmine in Bangladesh clearly illustrates the potential for human rights violations in such projects, the need for stronger safeguard policies that uphold people’s rights and prevent displacement, and the power of local protest.
Respecting the prohibitions against forced and arbitrary displacement could significantly reduce the risk of, or prevent, displacement in situations of armed conflict, as could insisting on accountability for violations of these prohibitions that amount to war crimes or crimes against humanity. The UN Security Council has only partially addressed these issues.
Displacement is often part of a cyclical process of conflict and displacement. Preventing displacement, therefore, is not only about preventing new displacement but about ensuring that people do not get re-displaced.
For many in northern Uganda, access to land and property remains an unresolved issue that threatens peace and sustainable returns.
If education is seen as a factor that keeps refugees in camps or host communities rather than encouraging them to go back home, it should be systematically included as part of return to prevent re-displacement.
Women in Colombia are increasingly being attacked because of their efforts to defend human rights and to bring an end to the conflict and displacement in their country.
Fragility of land tenure and property rights has both caused and exacerbated displacement in Colombia. In response, the government has established a legal framework to address the problem and, ultimately, to prevent further displacement. The rebuilding of community relationships and institutional trust are central to the success of this approach.
Those seeking to understand and address the reasons for growing numbers of displaced indigenous people in Bolivia should consider the relationship between traditional knowledge and the impacts of climate change.
Prevention has become a strategy increasingly adopted by the humanitarian community in addressing forced displacement in the occupied Palestinian territories, as well as responding to immediate emergency needs for families displaced or at risk of displacement.
This article reflects on the first-hand life experiences of refugees of East/Horn of Africa origin on arrival in the UK. The experiences – some of which could be seen as humorous or sad – may be informative and relevant for other practitioners.
As stateless Rohingya in Burma face containment in IDP camps and within their homes and communities in what is effectively segregation, their human rights are on the whole being ignored by countries keen either to support reform in Burma or to return refugees who have fled to their shores.
In the face of continuing persecution of North Koreans who are forcibly returned to their country of origin by China, the international community needs to reconsider how it might better work towards securing protection for North Koreans. Some may be political refugees, others ‘refugees sur place’; they may not have been refugees when they left their country but become refugees because they have a valid fear of persecution upon return.
A new communications platform for use in humanitarian emergencies made its debut in January 2012 in South Sudan, and is now being deployed elsewhere. Emergency.lu aims to be a global inter-agency tool.
Displaced women need opportunities to make a living for themselves and their families but these opportunities should not increase their vulnerability. Understanding risk factors and protection strategies allows practitioners to ensure appropriate programme design and implementation.
Forced evictions are a prominent challenge facing developing world communities, and a major driver of forced migration. A study of forced urban eviction in Tanzania shows that grassroots mobilisation alone may be unable to confront the challenges of displacement and that there are risks when mobilisation around displacement is premised on unrealistic expectations.
The Nansen Initiative launched in October 2012 aims to build consensus among states about how best to address cross-border displacement in the context of sudden- and slow-onset disasters.
The notion of the ‘refugee burden’ has become firmly rooted in the policy vocabulary of governments and humanitarian actors. Understandably, governments emphasise the negative impacts and costs but these, although undeniable and well documented, are only part of the picture.
Despite widespread participation in cultural orientation programmes, resettled refugees often have misconceptions about their potential for self-sufficiency in the United States, and experience adjustment problems after their arrival. Making changes to these programmes could improve outcomes of the refugee resettlement process.
Organisations that provide legal services to refugees and asylum seekers face the challenge of responding ethically to clients’ requests to be assisted by foreigners as opposed to by nationals in country offices.

domain: law