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Ternan [married name Robinson], Ellen Lawless [Nelly]
- Claire Tomalin
Ellen Lawless Ternan (1839–1914)
Ternan [married name Robinson], Ellen Lawless [Nelly] (1839–1914), actress, but chiefly remembered as the inamorata of Charles Dickens, was born on 3 March 1839 at 11 Upper Clarence Place, Maidstone Road, Rochester, Kent, the third of four children of the actors Thomas Lawless Ternan (1790–1846) [see under Jarman, Frances Eleanor] and his wife, Frances Eleanor, née Jarman (1802–1873). Ellen (usually known as Nelly) had two elder sisters, Frances Eleanor and Maria Susanna, and a younger brother who died in infancy. The three girls were put on the stage as 'infant phenomena', Frances with outstanding success, Nelly making her first appearance in Sheffield at the age of three; she was the least theatrically gifted of the sisters. After the early death of their father in 1846 they were obliged to earn their living, touring the north of England, Ireland, and Scotland with their mother. W. C. Macready, who acted with Mrs Ternan, took an interest in the family and gave some assistance. Nelly's first adult engagement was in a burlesque at the Haymarket in 1857, and it was after this that she was engaged by Charles Dickens, with her mother and Maria, to perform with his amateur company in The Frozen Deep in Manchester.
Nelly was eighteen, Dickens forty-five. The history of their relationship remains obscure in some respects, but there is no doubt that he fell passionately in love with her and changed the pattern of his life to accommodate this passion. He separated from his wife and gave substantial financial support to the Ternan family; and according to Kate, his clear-eyed daughter, who was the same age as Nelly, his attentions were at first a source of elation and pride to the Ternans. He trusted Nelly's judgement, sometimes showing her his work at proof stage. He praised her pride and self-reliance, and referred to her as his 'magic circle of one' and his Darling, 'drearily missed' during a separation. He used variants of her name in his novels: Estella, Bella, and Helena Landless. The relationship was known to a small group of intimates, but kept profoundly secret from the public on whose favour Dickens depended.
Nelly Ternan left the stage in 1860, and either lived in France or travelled there with Dickens over a period of several years. In 1865 she and her mother were returning from abroad with him when their train was derailed; although Nelly was injured, Dickens was at pains to conceal her presence. He joined her frequently at Slough, and later at Nunhead, both places where he had taken houses under a false name. He also made plans to take her to the United States with him in 1867, but was dissuaded by the fear of scandal. It is believed, though not proven, that a son was born to them, who died in infancy; and that Nelly's situation caused her some pain and guilt.
Dickens left Nelly £1000 in his will and set up a private trust fund which freed her from the necessity of working again after his death in 1870. She travelled abroad, then on 31 January 1876, in the parish church at Kensington, she married a clergyman twelve years her junior, George Wharton Robinson (1850–1910); she presented herself as much younger than her real age, thereby cancelling out the years of her association with Dickens. She helped her husband to run a boys' school in Margate, and gave birth to a son and a daughter. Her last years were spent at Southsea, where she was reunited with her sisters. It is notable that, although all three sisters knew Dickens intimately, they were neither asked for nor gave any account of their relations with him, and that no letters survive. For many years his admirers denied the fact of his attachment to Nelly Ternan, and, even when the weight of evidence made this position untenable, some continue to insist that the affair was unconsummated: a view that hardly fits with what is known of Dickens or of Victorian mores, or with her own silence on the subject. Nelly Ternan was remembered as a clever and charming person, forceful of character, undomesticated, and interested in literature, the theatre, and politics; but she remains an enigmatic figure. She died from cancer at 18 Guion Road, Fulham, London, on 25 April 1914 and was buried in the Highland Road cemetery, Southsea, in her husband's grave. There are no living descendants.
Her eldest sister, Frances Eleanor Trollope (1835–1913), was born in August 1835 on a paddle-steamer in Delaware Bay during her parents' tour of America. After a successful career on the stage she went to Florence to study opera singing, and became governess to Bice (Beatrice), the daughter of the widowed Thomas Adolphus Trollope (1810–1892). On 29 October 1866 she married her employer. They lived in Italy for many years. She wrote a number of novels, several of which, including Aunt Margaret's Trouble (1866) and Mabel's Progress (1867), were serialized anonymously by Dickens in All the Year Round. After her husband's death in 1892 she wrote the life of her mother-in-law, Frances (Fanny) Trollope (1779–1863). During her last years her sister Nelly lived with her in Southsea, and she died there on 14 August 1913.
The third Ternan sister, Maria Susanna Taylor (1837–1904), also appeared on the stage until her marriage, on 9 June 1863, to William Rowland Taylor, the son of a prosperous Oxford brewer. Shortly after her mother's death she left her husband, and at the age of forty enrolled at the Slade School of Fine Art to learn to paint. She made her home in Rome and travelled adventurously in north Africa; and she worked as an artist and journalist, writing for the London Standard for more than twelve years. She returned to England in 1898 and died in Southsea on 12 March 1904.
- C. Tomalin, The invisible woman: the story of Nelly Ternan and Charles Dickens (1990)
- The letters of Charles Dickens, ed. M. House, G. Storey, and others, 8 (1995)
- m. cert. [Frances Eleanor Trollope]
- m. cert. [Maria Susanna Taylor]
- J. Sutherland, The Longman companion to Victorian fiction (1988)
- d. cert. [Frances Eleanor Trollope]
- CGPLA Eng. & Wales (1904)
- UCL, Katharine Longley archive
- priv. coll.
- Princeton University, New Jersey, Trollope MSS
- University of Illinois, Trollope MSS
- V&A, theatre collections, Morley MSS
- V&A, theatre collections, Trollope MSS
- photograph, 1858, priv. coll.; repro. in Tomalin, Invisible woman; priv. coll.
- drawing, UCL, Katharine Longley archive
- group portrait, photograph (with sisters), V&A; repro. in Tomalin, Invisible woman
- photograph, V&A [see illus.]
- photographs, UCL, Katharine Longley archive
Wealth at Death
£1241 5s. 10d.: probate, 2 June 1914, CGPLA Eng. & Wales
£1264 1s. 1d.—Frances Eleanor Trollope: probate, 13 Oct 1913, CGPLA Eng. & Wales
£530 14s. 9d.—Maria Susanna Taylor: probate, 16 May 1904, CGPLA Eng. & Wales
- Dickens, Charles John Huffam (1812–1870), novelist
- Ternan, Thomas Lawless (1790–1846)
- Jarman [married name Ternan], Frances Eleanor [Fanny] (1802–1873), actress
- Trollope, Thomas Adolphus [Tom] (1810–1892), historian and writer
- Trollope [née Milton], Frances [Fanny] (1779–1863), travel writer and novelist

domain: history


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Lawyers’ Committee files against the rollback of financial bureau’s payday and auto loan protections
In October 2017, the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau created the Payday Loan Rule, which protects low-income consumers and consumers of color from expensive, predatory loans aimed at those particular populations. In January 2018, the bureau announced that it would be rolling the rule back after only three months.
On May 15, 2019, the Lawyers’ Committee for Civil Rights Under Law, along with pro bono counsel Crowell & Moring LLP, filed a comment on the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau’s Notice of Proposed Rulemaking to roll back the Payday Loan Rule. With this lawsuit, the Lawyers’ Committee seeks to ensure economic justice and protection for low-income consumers and consumers of color, who can no longer turn to the bureau for relief against predatory lending practices.
The Consumer Financial Protection Bureau has prioritized the abusive creditors who run the payday loan industry rather than the consumers that the bureau is charged to protect. We know that payday and auto loans traditionally target low-income consumers and consumers of color: payday lenders in African-American or Latinx neighborhoods outnumber lenders in white neighborhoods two to one across the country. This historical predatory behavior has contributed to the racial and economic discrepancies that we fight to reverse today.

domain: news


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Ethnic mosaics of the Stavropol region
A melting pot of religions, Russia’s Stavropol region is home to 14 ethnicities, which makes its diverse culture truly unique.
Whether it’s a traditional Russian song, the serenity of prayer within an Armenian church, or even the simplicity of daily conversation around the dinner table in an Islamic home, the cultural, religious and ethnic diversity in the region is special.
“There are Christians, Muslims and Jewish people here. We even have Catholics, but we try not to consider the religious differences. We consider ourselves people of our town who live together,” says Sultan Temirov, who is the head of the Cherkess Society in the resort city of Pyatigorsk.
Though the thought is noble, but the practice is not always successful. The Caucasus has been home to a multitude of ethnic groups for centuries, and the area is known for clashes.
“The two most recent examples are the conflicts in Chechnya. According to some figures, more than 200,000 Chechens died, and that is not including other nationalities. Now, after another Caucasian war, we have to find another way for peace,” Sultan hopes.
The Stavropol region has seen its share of violence as well. In 2003, four suicide bombers attacked a commuter train in the resort town of Essentuki, killing 40 people and injuring nearly 160 more.
More recently, last June, a fight broke out in a small village of Irgakly, drawing national attention. Around 200 young men are said to have taken part, with several people injured and dozens of arrests. Media reported that it was an ethnic brawl, although villagers were quick to dismiss it as a “scuffle over daily issues.” One way or another, a conflict resolution process was launched after the fight.
The governor of the region said economic problems are partly to blame for any tension. A series of meetings was held involving the men who took part in the fight, as well as local officials and religious leaders.
“How the brawl was settled should be admired and appreciated. The two opposing sides found in themselves enough will to overcome the conflict. They shook hands and showed that they want peace and have the ability to forgive each other,” believes Zaynudin Azizov, head of Dagestanian Diaspora in Irgakly village.
There are so many different cultures in this area each with their own customs, costume and song, but instead of taking this diversity and using it as a reason to fight, they are choosing to celebrate their diversity and are using it to bring people together.
Community leaders hope that this message can be embraced in the rest of the Caucasus as well.
“We meet here in this home of friendship and we try to understand each other, culture, cooking, and traditions. We try to leave the old unnecessary stuff and keep the clever traditions, and using this we are trying to teach youngsters according to the modern situation, but using past experience,” says Sultan Temirov.
Among those of different faiths, there also seems to be a genuine effort to try and understand each other.
“Nearby we have a mosque and when they have religious holidays they are always inviting us and we go with pleasure. When other events happen in town, representatives from different groups come together and we have friendly communication and continue to discover new qualities in each other,” says Armenian priest Khachatur.
Orthodox priest Father Vladimir believes this is the key to much-needed peace in the turbulent region:
“It is a fact that is inspiring me and giving me strength to believe in my home and that here, where we live, we will have peace, order and stability.”
North Caucasus is a very multinational area with lots of influences and living there you can hear songs of many nations, says poet and composer Damir Yakubov.
“Whatever song you sing – everybody seems to know it and people get engaged immediately and everybody loves what happens around and everybody is happy.”Head of the Pyatigorsk Linguistic University – where more than twenty languages are studied – Aleksandr Gorbunov says they are keen at promoting cultural diversity. He says the curriculum includes special courses designed to give students communication skills in a multicultural environment.
Meanwhile, the head of the International Relations Department at Pyatigorsk State University Viktor Mishin says that their mission is to both open the world to Russian students and give opportunities for foreign students to explore Russia.
“We have been in international relations and programs since 1968. Since that time, over 16,000 international students graduated from our university,” he said. “Nowadays they are living and working in 82 countries across the world.”
American Louis Pinkett, guest lecturer at the university, has shared with RT his experiences in the region. He says diversity lives naturally in the area:
“It functions so well together. The blond hair and the black eyes, and the Muslims and the Jews, and the Christians. And it’s not artificial at all, it just works,” he said. “In New York, in most big cities, diversity is something that’s spoken about. And they are trying to count how many diverse people there are, and here that just happens.”

domain: geography


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The F Word
View all events in this series
When we think about religion, what often comes to mind is restricted access to contraception (let alone abortion), proclamations comparing women’s bodies to uncovered meat (and other, less extreme, embraces of female modesty), and debates about veils and burqas. Women’s bodies often serve as battlegrounds for values and ideas.
But that’s not the full story. For centuries, religious women have been involved in challenging the patriarchy by reconsidering practices, scriptures and theologies from the perspective of women’s rights. And religious women around the world have included both feminism and faith in their daily lives.
Celebrating diversity is a cornerstone of modern feminism … how does that extend to religion? In conversation with women of various faiths, we’ll look at how religion and feminism can coexist, and strengthen their lives and identities.
Alyena Mohummadally is a Pakistani-Australian queer Muslim woman who spent many years as a community legal centre lawyer before recently retraining as a primary school teacher.
She is currently writing a cookbook on modern Australian cuisine with a Pakistani twist, and her two young sons are her favourite people to cook for.
Maxine Beneba Clarke is the ABIA and Indie award winning author of over nine books for adults and children, including the critically acclaimed short fiction collection Foreign Soil, the bestselling memoir The Hate Race, the Victorian Premier’s Award winning poetry collection Carrying the World, and the Boston Globe/Horn Prize winning picture book The Patchwork Bike, illustrated by Van T. Rudd.
Bernadette Tobin is one of the most original and respected voices in Catholic Health Care Ethics. She is Director of the Plunkett Centre for Ethics, a joint centre of Australian Catholic University and St Vincents & Mater Health Sydney, and Reader in Philosophy at Australian Catholic University.
Jordy is a historian and writer. She is the author of Anxious Histories: Narrating the Holocaust in Jewish Communities at the Beginning of the Twenty-First Century (Berghahn Books, 2015), co-editor of In the Shadows of Memory: The Holocaust and the Third Generation (Vallentine Mitchell, 2016), and has been published in New Matilda, Overland and the Conversation.
The official fight for equal representation for women is over a century old. You might think the battle would be won by now, but in 2015, the ‘f’ word is as personally and politically charged as ever. And despite great leaps forward – equal pay (on paper), paid maternity leave, our first female prime minister – we’ve still got a long way to go, baby.
The F Word asks where feminism is at, in culture and society, with a series of events that question our assumptions (Can romance be empowering? How can you be a religious feminist?), and highlight areas for change and inclusion, like disability and science.
We begin the series with ‘Bad Feminist’ Roxane Gay, who argues that feminist values can co-exist with contradictions: nursing a childhood affection for Sweet Valley High and wearing heels that hurt your feet doesn’t weaken your dedication to ending domestic violence.

domain: library


text:
Carry a legacy with you as you drape this fine saree that comes in two shades - rama green and royal blue!
The entire body and border are set in Rama green while the pallu and blouse piece in Royal Blue give it a splash of color!
This saree comes with an unstitched blouse fabric and is ready to wear with fall and pico complete.
Handmade tassels line the pallu.
SILK MARK CERTIFIED
Note: There may be a slight difference in shade between the actual product and what you see on screen due to variance in screen settings and other factors.
Note: This is a hand-woven saree made out of pure natural silk. There may be minor inconsistencies owing to the handmade nature of it.
Being characteristic, they are not considered defects.

domain: artistic


General product obligationsBasic laws
What are the basic laws governing the safety requirements that products must meet?
In general, the Italian legislation governing product safety requirements is Legislative Decree No. 206 of 6 September 2005 (the Consumer Code), implementing both Directive 2001/95/EC (the General Product Safety (GPS) Directive) and Directive 85/374/EEC (the Product Liability Directive).
The application of the Consumer Code could be defined as being residual, as there are a number of other vertical regulatory instruments that apply to specific types of products, such as food, pharmaceuticals, food supplements, toys and medical devices.
Furthermore, the Consumer Code provisions apply to the aforementioned ‘excluded’ products when the sector-specific legislation does not cover certain matters.
The Consumer Code defines the following subjects as producers:
- the manufacturer of the finished product;
- an intermediary;
- the importer, in the case of a manufacturer established in a third country; and
- any other natural or legal person who presents himself or herself as a producer by affixing his or her trademark to the product.
The producer must also have the legal nature of an undertaking, because the production of the product must be the result of his or her professional activity and not of an occasional one.
The definition of ‘safe product’ essentially reflects the definition given within article 2(b) of the GPS Directive.Traceability requirements
What requirements exist for the traceability of products to facilitate recalls?
The Consumer Code requires a producer, and its equivalent, to place on the market products that are safe and present no or minimum risk to the consumer. However, it does not impose any particular obligations on the producer, with the exception of the general obligation to trace products already on the market.
Of course, the best way to trace a product is by lot or lot number. However, the affixing of a barcode or batch number is not mandatory, with the exception of certain products, such as food and pharmaceutical products.
A particular obligation is imposed on the distributor, which, under article 104(6)(c), is required to maintain and provide the authority with appropriate documentation to trace the origin of the products for a period of 10 years from the date of transfer to the final consumer.Non-compliance penalties
What penalties may be imposed for non-compliance with these laws?
Article 112 of the Consumer Code, relating to sanctions, concerns both criminal and administrative offences and applies where the act does not constitute a more serious offence, falling within the special legislation or the general criminal code.
Generally speaking, placing dangerous or unsafe products on the market, or failing to comply with an order from the authority about a dangerous product, is punishable with imprisonment for up to one year and a fine, ranging from €10,000 to €50,000, while failure to cooperate with authorities in carrying out checks on products and in acquiring information and samples thereof can be sanctioned with a fine ranging from €2,500 to €40,000.
In addition, the violation of product safety regulations may also attract general liability under the Italian Criminal Code - for example under article 442 (trade of counterfeit foodstuff).
From a criminal point of view, what is relevant is not only the liability for the direct placing on the market of unsafe goods or products intended for the consumer, but also the damage resulting from the consumer’s exposure to unsafe goods, for example, to toxic substances used in production processes.
During criminal investigations, the public prosecutor can also proceed with the precautionary seizure of products that may be subject to administrative confiscation, in the manner and within the limits of the code of criminal procedure.
Reporting requirements for defective productsGovernment notification
What requirements are there to notify government authorities (or other bodies) of defects discovered in products, or known incidents of personal injury or property damage?
According to article 104, paragraph 7 of the Consumer Code, the manufacture (or distributor) that discovers a defective product is obliged, irrespective of a request from the authority, to immediately inform it of the risks relating to products that they place on the market and that are incompatible with the safety requirements, indicating the action taken or to be taken to avoid those risks.
Paragraph 8 clearly identifies the content of the information to be communicated by producers and distributors to public authorities where the product is likely to constitute a serious risk. This information includes:
- specific elements allowing precise identification of the product or batch of products in question;
- a full description of the risk presented;
- all available information enabling the product to be traced; and
- a description of the measures taken to prevent risks to consumers.
Finally, under the last paragraph, producers and distributors may be called upon to cooperate with the public authorities in carrying out the protective measures taken to avoid the risk inherent in the goods produced or distributed.Notification criteria and time limits
What criteria apply for determining when a matter requires notification and what are the time limits for notification?
The manufacturer and the distributor are obliged, when they discover a defective product, to immediately inform the authority.
This information obligation falls on those persons at the time when the product is ‘placed on the market’. By this expression, the legislator intended to refer to the exit of the product from the sphere of production, to enter, in any way, into the sphere of use of the consumer.
In assessing whether a notification is required, manufacturers may find assistance in the sort of guidelines enshrined in Commission Decision 2004/905/CE - guidelines for the notification of dangerous consumer products to the competent authority by producers and distributors.
Indeed, while the obligation to inform authorities about dangerous products is an important element for improving market surveillance, a disproportionate burden on producers, distributors and competent authorities must be avoided.
Factors to be taken into account by manufacturers and producers that may affect the level of risk may be the utility of the product, the nature of the risk, the population groups exposed, previous experience with similar products, whether the product has adequate warnings and safeguards, and whether the hazard is sufficiently obvious.
Once the manufacturer or the distributor has evidence that the product is dangerous or does not satisfy the safety requirement of the relevant Community legislation and, because of that, the product may not remain on the market, the obligation to inform the authority is then triggered, as well as any other obligations envisaged by the applicable legislation (warnings, withdrawal, recall, etc).
In any case, the final decision to file a notification remains at the discretion of the manufacturer or distributor.
According to the Italian Consumer Code, the notification, if required, is to be given immediately, regardless of the degree of risk assumed and related to the product.Competent authority
To which authority should notification be sent? Does this vary according to the product in question?
With Decree 115 of 1995, the Italian legislator confirmed the rules relating to distribution of enforcement of discipline on general safety of products among the various ministries, following their competence for the subject. However, they attributed to the Ministry of Economic Development the role of coordinating body and endowed it with autonomous powers of initiative.
Therefore, if the product to recall is a motor vehicle, the relevant authority concerned will be the Ministry of Transportation.Notification information
What product information and other data should be provided in the notification to the competent authority?
Manufacturers or distributors must provide authorities with the following details:
- contact details of the authority to which notification is sent;
- identification of the companies notified and their role in the marketing of the products;
- details and reference of the manufacturers or distributors or both;
- information enabling a precise identification of the product or batch of products in question (brand or trademark model, name, barcode CN tariff, country of origin, description of the product and its photograph);
- a full description of the risk that the products pose;
- details of the hazard and possible health or safety damage and conclusions on the risk assessment carried out;
- records of accidents; and
- a description of the actions taken to prevent risks to consumers and identification of the company responsible for the execution of aforesaid actions, their scope and duration.
What obligations are there to provide authorities with updated information about risks, or respond to their enquiries?
There is no specific obligation that can be found within the Consumer Code. However, in the general obligation stemming from that Code, it is implied to put only safe products on the market, namely products that do not cause any harm or present minimal risks when used by the consumer.Penalties
What are the penalties for failure to comply with reporting obligations?
Failure to comply with reporting obligations exposes the producer and the importer to administrative fines ranging from €1,500 to €30,000.
Failure to comply with reporting obligations could also be sanctioned under criminal law.Public disclosure
Is commercially sensitive information that has been notified to the authorities protected from public disclosure?
From a general point of view, commercially sensitive information is not disclosed to the public by the authorities that have been informed by the producer or distributor.
However, if a person has a duly funded relevant interest, the authority may grant him or her the requested access to the information.Use of information in prosecution
May information notified to the authorities be used in a criminal prosecution?
Yes, any information notified to the competent authorities will be given to the public prosecutor for investigation and for the subsequent trial.
Product recall requirementsRecall criteria
What criteria apply for determining when a matter requires a product recall or other corrective actions?
The Italian regulator has provided the competent public authorities with a series of powers that diversify the intervention of these authorities according to how dangerous the product is.
These powers are necessary to understand and estimate how much of a hazard a product is, the risks involved and any infringements. In particular, these are the powers to:
- organise adequate checks on the safety characteristics of the product;
- require all the necessary information from the parties concerned; and
- take samples of a product or series of products and subject them to safety analyses.
Once these activities have been completed, the competent authority may order the product to be recalled or withdrawn.Consumer warnings
What are the legal requirements to publish warnings or other information to product users or to suppliers regarding product defects and associated hazards, or to recall defective products from the market?
Information campaigns targeted at consumers are a burden on the producer or distributor when a product placed on the market presents elements of danger. Such a measure may be taken at the behest of the producer or distributor, or following an indication to that effect by the public authority.Recall notices
Are there requirements or guidelines for the content of recall notices?
Italian law does not impose any specific requirements regarding the content of the recall notice. Generally, it is at the manufacturer’s discretion to decide which content the recall notice will contain. The notice has to be issued in a way that enables the average customer to understand the content of the recall notice itself. It should also inform the consumers about the reason for the recall and any danger that may arise from use of the product.Media
What media must be used to publish or otherwise communicate warnings or recalls to users or suppliers?
There is no prescriptive list of media that must be used to publish or communicate warnings or recall to suppliers or users. Of course, the chosen method should relate to the assessed levels of risk.
A warning communication can be given by using different methods such as point-of-sale information, websites, radio and TV news, and consumer telephone services.Time frame
Do laws, regulation or guidelines specify targets or a period after which a recall is deemed to be satisfactory?
Italian legislation does not provide for such targets or periods. The authorities will ask the manufacturer to communicate updates on the status of a recall on a regular basis. Then it will be up to negotiations with the authorities to consider if the recall is satisfactory.Repair and replacement
Must a producer or other supplier repair or replace recalled products, or offer other compensation?
There is no specific obligation in this regard contained in the Consumer Code. However, in the event of damage stemming from a defective product, all aspects concerning the possibility to claim compensation for damages and breach of the sales contract are governed by the Civil Code.Penalties
What are the penalties for failure to undertake a recall or other corrective actions?
Failure to undertake a recall or another corrective action is punishable by up to one year of imprisonment. If not having withdrawn the product also causes damage (injury, manslaughter), the other sanctions of the Criminal Code will apply.
Authorities' powersCorrective actions
What powers do the authorities have to compel manufacturers or others in the supply chain to undertake a recall or to take other corrective actions?
Given the general obligation to take all measures deemed necessary to ensure that products placed on the market are safe, authorities are entitled to indicate to producers all the measures they consider appropriate. Authorities can also order product recall directly from consumers, as well as destruction of the product.Government warnings
Can the government authorities publish warnings or other information to users or suppliers?
No. However, competent authorities should encourage and instruct manufacturers to voluntarily take all the necessary safety measures to recall products. Furthermore, authorities can also order the manufacturer to duly inform consumers.
Usually, an authority’s official website, such as the Health Ministry, publishes a summary of the recall notice already issued by the producer, within dedicated sections of the website.Government recalls
Can the government authorities organise a product recall where a producer or other responsible party has not already done so?
In some serious cases that require urgent action, competent authorities do recall products at their own initiative.Costs
Are any costs incurred by the government authorities in relation to product safety issues or product recalls recoverable from the producer or other responsible party?
Any cost is recoverable from the producers or, if that is not possible, from the distributor.Challenging decisions
How may decisions of the authorities be challenged?
Decisions may be challenged before the competent regional administrative court. However, they are immediately enforceable.
Implications for product liability claimsImplications for product liability claims
Is the publication of a safety warning or a product recall likely to be viewed by the civil courts as an admission of liability for defective products?
From a certain point of view, it can. However, this does not mean that the producer will be automatically condemned by the court for the defectiveness of the product.
First, the burden of proof is on the injured party. The consumer code also allows the producer to prove facts that exclude his or her own responsibility. In this case it will be sufficient to prove that, taking the circumstances into account, it is possible that the defect did not yet exist when the product was put into circulation. Obviously, the manufacturer may also prove the fault of the injured party, or object to the forfeiture or prescription.
Can communications, internal reports, investigations into defects or planned corrective actions be disclosed through court discovery processes to claimants in product liability actions?
From the civil law point of view, the party might require the judge to order the other party to exhibit specific documents.
From a criminal law point of view, while the public prosecutor carries out an investigation, it has extensive powers to request, collect and present to the judge (during proceedings) all documents belonging to the manufacturer that relate to the crime being investigated. These documents will always be available to the injured party.
Updates and trendsKey developments of the past year
Are there any emerging trends or hot topics in product recall litigation in your jurisdiction?No updates at this time.


text:
In February, swastikas were found on 96 graves at the Quatzenheim Jewish cemetery, north-west of Strasbourg.
PARIS—Hateful, racist and anti-Semitic tags were discovered on the house of an elected official in Schiltigheim, near Strasbourg, in eastern France.
Danielle Diligent, who is vice-president of the departmental council, discovered the tags on the facade of her home.
The tags didn’t target her directly but several other political figures in the region, including the mayor of Strasbourg Roland Ries and the president of the Strasbourg University Michel Deneken.
The mayor of Schiltigheim Danielle Dombach denounced ‘’ an unspeakable act of vandalism with an anti-Semitic character.” The prefect of the Lower-Rhine region, Jean-Luc Marx, condemned the act and ensured that “police services are mobilized and already proceed to the findings and investigations to allow to make all the light on this case.’’
The Alsace region has been the scene of several anti-Semitic and racist acts in recent months. Antisemitic and racist graffiti have been inscribed on the walls of several town halls, the permanence of a deputy and the walls of an old synagogue.
In February, swastikas were found on 96 graves at the Quatzenheim Jewish Cemetery, north-west of Strasbourg.

domain: politics


text:
We are your complete source for veterinary medical tools, from pre owned certified equipment to commerce in and repair. It is necessary for the affected person to remain nonetheless when anesthesia is important. The automated course of for giving sufficient oxygen to the patient will be provided by the anesthesia tools. It’s not a question to put in a dental unit in your practice or clinic because vets usually have to deal with dental problems of their pet patients. The clinic will usually have canine and cat food.
In nations such as India, Malaysia and Vietnam, livestock insurance coverage is on the market to help pay for veterinary procedures. The demand for veterinary procedures is anticipated to extend because of the growing variety of insured animals. On an everyday foundation, veterinary equipment and disposables are wanted for the diagnosis and treatment of animal illnesses. pet homeowners value the availability of anesthesia equipment, monitoring tools and significant care consumables. Billions of dollars are spent yearly on the diagnosis of illnesses affecting pets.
Since as much as 60% of the tooth construction lies below the gumline, we advocate having a dental radiography machine. You have to clean the instruments using an Ultrasonic cleaner earlier than sterilizing, so ensure to add that to your listing. The tools used for anesthesia is a machine, a vaporizer and a system.
The scales are used in veterinary clinics to discover out the ideal weight, well being and dose of remedy for each patient. The scales can be found in quite a lot of sizes and kinds. There is a List of Veterinary Equipment, instruments, devices, supplies and other Vet Tools for veterinarians needed if you’re planning to establish your personal veterinary clinic or hospital. This Veterinary Equipment and Tools List was created to help veterinary docs present efficient medical care to their sufferers. It is difficult to suit a veterinary practice with the correct gear.
The rising focus of presidency organizations on animal health and welfare is expected to contribute to the growth of this market. Over the forecast period, livestock animal is expected to see lucrative development. The marketplace for veterinary tools and disposables is anticipated to develop due to the rising development of pet adoption. According to the American Pet Products Association, pet ownership has elevated within the last 30 years from fifty six.0% to 67.0% in all households.
Ai Gun For Synthetic Insemination For Cattle
They give a 3D image of the affected person’s body, permitting for quicker and more correct diagnosis and therapy. Traditional x rays don’t present a good view of bones and tissues. Growing investments by key gamers to develop superior merchandise for higher analysis are prone to propel the growth. The latest anesthesia system for small animals was launched by Kent Scientific Corporation in November 2020. The isoflurane could be accurately delivered from the bottle to the animal. The Midmark Multiparameter Monitor was introduced in July 2020.
There Are Veterinary Equipment For The Remedy Space
The greatest dental care for their patients could be supplied by veterinary clinics with using dental tools. Ultrasonic scaler is helpful for eradicating calculus from teeth with out inflicting hurt to the animal or their enamel. Large veterinary suppliers can provide most of the equipment you need, but you might also search for specific producers of sure gadgets to find the instruments you want. If you wish to get in contact with a reliable Vet provider, you possibly can reach out to them. You can strive the producers of kit like a Bair hugger and dental unit.
There Are Infections In Small Animals
The following record just isn’t comprehensive, but it does cowl essential items you will need in your veterinary hospital. Every side of veterinary medical tools is dealt with by us, from new vet tools from trade leading producers to the highest quality used veterinary tools. We offer veterinary tools trade in and consign companies, bundled bundle pricing and veterinary gear repair services. Endoscopic instruments can be used to view the within of the affected person. General vets can discover this gear useful of their follow although specialists conduct these procedures. Animals want proper dental care to prevent infections and different well being problems.
The veterinary tools market was dominated by North America. There has been an enormous enhance within the adoption of companion animals lately. Positive well being benefits related to them such as improved wellbeing, higher psychological stability, lowered anxiousness and cardiac arrhythmias have majorly driven this growth. It is anticipated to have a optimistic impact on the event of veterinary gear and disposables market as pet owners try to present best possible care to their pets. There has been a steady rise in the variety of pet ownership throughout the globe, which is expected to have a positive impression on the development of the worldwide market within the coming years.
The progress of the veterinary tools market within the coming years is anticipated to be pushed by this. In growing nations, where pet ownership is growing quickly, the demand for veterinary companies is rising, and the market is predicted to see strong progress. Increasing use of minimally-invasive surgical strategies veterinary equipment Philippines in veterinary surgery is driving the market growth. Our experience provides you protected, efficient instruments and provides for animal health and optimal efficiency with surgical instruments, syringes, hoof care and more.
Expenditure on animal health is expected to increase within the subsequent few years. The international veterinary equipment & disposables market was valued at US$ 1,504.7 million in 2017, and is predicted to increase at a CAGR of 5.9% over the forecast interval. The world veterinary equipment market in phrases of income was estimated to be value $2.zero billion in 2022, and is poised to achieve $2.9 billion by the year 2027, growing at a CAGR of eight.1%. An industry pattern evaluation of the market is included in the new analysis research.

domain: medical


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Now streaming Santa's Little Helper and you are on MovieReam
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Whenever Santa's Little Helper stream is frozen or not working properly, try a different web browser,
hit play and then hit pause, let it buffer for 3-5 minutes and then play again.
Watch Santa's Little Helper 2015 online free streaming
After getting fired from his job, a slick, fast-talking businessman is thrown into an elf competition to become Santa¹s next second-in-command. Put through a series of rigorous training exercises to prepare for the contest, The Miz and another aspiring elf go head-to-head in the hopes of becoming Santa¹s Little Helper.
Santa's Little Helper movie full length review - Santa's Little Helper, a gift no one wants...
Again, the WWE thinks they can write movies, and they think their wrestlers can act. Wrong! This story is a lot like A Christmas Carol meets It's A Wonderful Life.
The Miz is not a horrible actor, but he is too full of himself to be taken seriously as an actor. Saraya-Jade Bevis (known as Paige in the credits and in the ring) is actually very good in this, and in my opinion, is the reason the movie is even watchable. Miz's real life wife Maryse also appears in this movie as Melody, the bartender. I said it before, but WWE needs to stop with movies and stick with wrestling (which they are barely passing muster as well). The movie is cute and the younger fans of Miz and Paige will enjoy it. This would be a good movie for the kids to watch while the grown ups are fixing the Holiday meals. Put this in their stocking, but older kids may think it's so-so, but give it a chance.


Yarra Trams Community Partnerships Program
Our Safe Spaces rainbow tram was made possible by the 2020 Yarra Trams Community Partnerships program. Yarra Trams is the largest, and one of the oldest, tram networks in the world and an iconic, much-loved symbol of Melbourne.
The Yarra Trams Community Partnerships Program provides $1 million of free advertising value annually to eight community organisations making a positive impact on diversity and inclusion in Melbourne.
Melbourne’s tram network is at the heart of our community and trams play a key role in connecting people to the places they want to go by providing a safe, sustainable, and inclusive travel option.
The tram network also brings people together by providing a service where everyone is welcome and included – no matter what their background, beliefs, preferences or abilities.
About Yarra Trams
Yarra Trams is proudly operated by Keolis Downer, the largest private multi-modal transport operator in Australia. Yarra Trams operates the largest tram network in the world with 487 trams, across 26 tram routes and a free City Circle tourist tram, over 1,763 tram stops. They focus on delivering safe, reliable, clean, and easy-to-use services.
Yarra Trams is committed to increasing the environmental, social, and economic contribution that Melbourne’s tram network makes to the city.


As a lifelong fan of Dirty Dancing I was incredibly excited to see the iconic tale relayed on stage and the Liverpool Empire show didn't dissapoint.
Sadly leading man Gareth Bailey wasn't able to join the tour on it's Liverpool leg, but Lewis Kirk, stepped confidently into his shoes, thrusting his way around the stage in his tight black trousers.
The stage show stays very true to the 1987 film, which is set in the summer of 1963 in the hills of Kellerman's holiday park, with a lot of the classic tunes recreated, such as Hungry Eyes and She's like the wind, much to the audience's delight.
Roseanna Franscona plays her role of Frances 'baby' Houseman incredibly well, with her innocent and vulnerable persona warming your heart as she navigates a world on the cusp of change.
A special mention should also go to Colin Charles as Tito Suarez and Wayne Smith as Billy Kostecki for their incredible vocal talents, with 'In the still of the night' being an unexpected highlight.
It's the dancing that really makes this show what it is though, with Claire Rogers as Penny moving across the floor amazingly well. The whole cast are excellent dancers though and their talent is what takes the show to another level.
The big screen background projections work well, especially during the lift scenes and you can tell the set designers have spent a lot of time and effort making the show look as perfect as possible.
Anticipation for the big finale was palpable in the Empire audience and when Johnny stormed through the audience to demand "Nobody puts baby in the corner" it was a special moment.
I've had the time of my life was a show stopping scene, with incredible dancing, singing and staging ensuring the audience were up on their feet singing and dancing along.
If you're a fan of the film I'd definitely recommend putting on your dancing shoes and heading down to the Empire.
Dirty Dancing plays at the Liverpool Empire from Tuesday April 7 until Saturday April 25, 2015.


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PURCHASE ENQUIRY''Klasiko'', meaning classic in greek, is a ring that can be worn at any occasion featuring a classic filigree criss cross pattern. Handcrafted in our workshop in Cyprus using the ancient filigree technique. Pair it with 'Krikki' earrings for a minimal chic look.
Adjustable fit to all
Width 0.5 cm
Finish: 22k yellow gold plated
Element: 925 sterling silver
Handmade in our studio/store in Nicosia, Cyprus
Each order comes carefully and beautifully packaged with a 6months warranty from the original purchase date.
GIFT NOTE: Free and optional gift note included at checkout, handwritten by our team.


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Amazing string guitarists from around the world heading to Largo | Entertainment
Largo, Florida -- The California Guitar Trio and Montreal Guitar Trio are a six-by-six string "phenomensemble" featuring virtuoso guitarists from four countries - Japan, Canada, Belgium and the United States.
Together, CGT and MG3 explore intricate original compositions as well as new arrangements of progressive rock, world, jazz and classical music. Come see what the buzz is about and share an evening with these fantastic musicians.
For more information and to purchase tickets, visit LargoArts.com or call (727) 587-6793.
- What: California Guitar Trio and Montreal Guitar Trio
- When: Feb 2, 2013 at 8pm
- Where: Largo Cultural Center, 105 Central Park Dr, (727)587-6793
- Cost: $24.50, $29.50, $34.50, add $5 at the door


Ruger’s 10/22 semi-automatic .22 LR rifle is one of the most user-modified guns in the world, so there are more aftermarket accessories and equipment made for it than for almost any other firearm model. One of the most common modifications made to the 10/22 is to switch out the factory stock with one of the numerous aftermarket options—and when I say numerous, I mean it.
There are selections ranging from skeletonized, paratrooper-style folding stocks to sporter- and hunting-style entries, all the way to big, solid benchrest-type stocks. Prices run from less than $100 to more than $400. I’ve tried a bunch of stocks on my personal rifle over the years, and here are eight of the most popular Ruger 10/22 replacement stocks.

Hogue OverMolded Rubber
The Hogue OverMolded Rubber stock is my all-around favorite because it’s so comfortable. Occasionally, I’ll try a more specialized stock for certain applications, but for the most part, I keep this one installed on the 10/22 all the time. Its internal fiberglass body provides solid support, and its light weight makes for easy carry. The outer skin is available in cushioned rubber or nylon, both providing a nonslip grip. The stock is fully inletted for drop-in installation, and Hogue offers models to fit factory standard barrels and bull barrels (0.92 inches). Features include: a straight comb; a rubber recoil pad; a wide, varmint-style fore-end; dual palmswells; a recurve pistol grip; and front and rear sling-swivel studs. The grip and fore-end have a cobblestone texture.
 Price: $69.95


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By C. David Gordon
DEVENS -- As a new book, "Americans in Occupied Belgium 1914-1918" by Ed and Libby Klekowski shows, Americans became a part of the First World War struggle against German invasion long before the United States entered the war in 1917.
The Klekowskis talk about their book starting at 12:30 p.m. on Saturday, May 17, at Fort Devens Museum's open house marking Armed Forces Day.
Their program continues the museum's recognition of the 100th anniversary of World War I, to lead up to activities in 2017 commemorating the centennial of the construction and opening of Camp Devens in 1917.
In the past year, the museum has screened for the public two hour-long documentaries on the war that the Klekowskis made for American Public Television -- one on American Field Service ambulance drivers and the second on America's 26th or Yankee Division and its part in combat on the Western Front.
In setting the background for their studies leading to the publication of the book, the Klekowskis note that in World War I, Belgium was "the first country invaded, the longest occupied, and when the war (was) finally over, the first forgotten."
They add, "In 1914, Belgium was home to a large American colony which included representatives of American companies, artists, writers and diplomats with the American Legation.
"As the most industrialized country in Europe, Belgium depended upon trade and food imports to support its economy. The war isolated Belgium and wholesale starvation was imminent by the fall of 1914. Herbert Hoover and the Commission for Relief in Belgium raised funds to purchase and support food to sustain Belgium and, eventually, Occupied France as well. Idealistic American volunteers (including some Rhodes Scholars) supervised food distribution in the occupation zone. Along the Western Front in Belgium, hundreds of Americans served (illegally) in the British and Canadian armies."
The book "tells the story of the German invasion, occupation and retreat from the perspective of Americans who were there," according to the Klekowskis. Over a good many years, they "have spent lengthy periods in a farmhouse in Lorraine, France, exploring the nearby villages and forests for the artifacts of war."
The Fort Devens Museum's open house May 17 offers two other programs. At 11 a.m., Alan Earls tells about "Cold War Era Defense Contractors." Then at 2 p.m. Trisha Blanchet presents information about Operation Delta Dog, the organization she founded and leads to train service dogs for local veterans who suffer from Traumatic Brain Injury and Post Traumatic Stress Disorder.
The museum is located at 94 Jackson Road, Devens. Raffles and refreshments will be provided at this open house.


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CYP27A1 (Cytochrome P450 Family 27 Subfamily A Member 1) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with CYP27A1 include Cerebrotendinous Xanthomatosis and Xanthomatosis. Among its related pathways are Cytochrome P450 - arranged by substrate type and Synthesis of bile acids and bile salts. Gene Ontology (GO) annotations related to this gene include iron ion binding and oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen. An important paralog of this gene is CYP27B1.
Based on more than 13 years of development, CUSABIO has established a mature and efficient system for antibody preparation. The following CYP27A1 antibodies are manufactured under the system.
These CYP27A1 antibodies are featured with high specificity & sensitivity and wide species reactivity. In order to meet different requirements, CUSABIO is trying to include more antibody types (Monoclonal, Polyclonal, Recombinant, etc) and do more validations so that the researchers can break limits and discover more. In addition, CUSABIO also provides CYP27A1 antibody custom service in case you have specific needs for your research.
CYP27A1 Antibodies for Homo sapiens (Human)
|Code||Product Name||Species Reactivity||Application|
|CSB-PA001944||Human||WB, IHC, IF, ELISA|

domain: biology


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“Redesigning the identity system of the Chiarella brand with a view to updating the distinctive elements of the label design.” - Rossetti Brand Design
Like its name
The perfect mountain. Many mineral waters evoke their origin on the label by representing the source. Levissima, Lauretana, Norda, Recoaro and many other brands have their own mountain, the area from which the water first sees the light. They are ideal, perfect mountains, that integrate with the brand and become part of it, transforming into elements of identity. The mechanism works like this: a mountain with harmonious contours, covered in snow, towers into the wow blue sky: this give to the brand an idea of purity and freshness. The brand therefore, has to remain attached to that image, the representation of its genesis.
Point of view. Chiarella also comes from a mountain, but what is on the label is Lake Como – seen from Plesio – with Bellagio in the centre and the Lecco branch on the horizon to the left. This is the view from the bottling plant. And the mountain? You can’t see it because it is behind the observation point. Since 1965 this representation has appeared on the labels of Chiarella and this says that point of view is identity. Our label redesign project has authenticated this point of view with an even wider and spectacular panorama. And, in order to achieve a clear and simple result, all the other graphic elements are complementary to that choice.
| The source of Chiarella mineral water is Mount Grona, which overlooks Lake Como. The production plant opened fifty years ago was hailed by newspapers of the time as “the most panoramic plant in Europe for the bottling of mineral water.” |
What we did for this brand
Brand identity redesign


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Dec 13, 2011
Markets Update: Local markets fall victim to a pervasive sense of gloom on world markets, as Fitch Ratings gives the thumbs down to European leaders' plans to resolve the eurozone debt crisis. Read Article Gulf markets fall as Euro plan gets lukewarm reception
Oct 28, 2011
Dubai logistics company Aramex said third quarter profit rose 3 per cent as oil prices and regional unrest weighed on it growth.
Read Article Aramex delivers profit but misses its target


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Oliver Onions' "Widdershins" is one of the classic collections of the age. Although each of the nine stories here is worth reading, the collection is famous because of "The Beckoning Fair One," a novella of ghostly obsession and mental disintegration just as powerful as Henry James' "The Turn of the Screw." "The Beckoning Fair One" is one of the most oft-anthologized horror tales. This ghost story has been called one of the best in the English language by such luminaries as Algernon Blackwood and H. P. Lovecraft. The tale concerns an author who moves into a deserted house and starts to become influenced by its ghostly female occupant? Or...is it just in his mind?
Buy it directly from us!


Vero Moda Meddie O-Neck Top
Shipping calculated at checkout.
A wardrobe staple that will work through all seasons giving your look a comfortable, cosy vibe. If you ask us, a knitted top is a popular style all year round! Find the one that suits you and maybe style it with a pair of jeans. Psst… adjust your shoes for the season to make sure, your look turns heads. - Product Type : Knitted pullover - Neck : O-Neck - Sleeve : Sleeveless (S/L) - Fit : Regular Fit
Gender: Female Manufacture: Circular Knit Manufacture Detail: Single Jersey Style Type: PULLOVER Composition: 50% Polyester - Recycled, 50% Viscose Livaeco by Birla Cellulose™
The main material in this product contains a minimum of 50% Livaeco by Birla Cellulose™, a man-made cellulose fibre from wood pulp sourced from certified forests and is traceable across the value chain. Livaeco by Birla Cellulose™ saves water and reduces environmental impact.,The main material in this product contains a minimum of 50% recycled polyester. Recycled polyester saves natural resources and reduces the amount of waste.


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Genetic parameters for αS1-casein and αS2-casein phosphorylation isoforms in Dutch Holstein Friesian
Fang, Z.H. ; Bovenhuis, H. ; Valenberg, H.J.F. van; Martin, P. ; Huppertz, T. ; Visker, M.H.P.W. - \ 2018
Journal of Dairy Science 101 (2018)2. - ISSN 0022-0302 - p. 1281 - 1291.
capillary zone electrophoresis - genetic correlation - milk protein composition - posttranslational modification
Relative concentrations of αS1-casein and αS2-casein (αS1-CN and αS2-CN) phosphorylation isoforms vary considerably among milk of individual cows. We estimated heritabilities for αS2-CN phosphorylation isoforms, determined by capillary zone electrophoresis from 1,857 morning milk samples, and genetic correlations among αS2-CN phosphorylation isoforms in Dutch Holstein Friesian. To investigate if phosphorylation of αS1-CN and αS2-CN are due to the same genetic mechanism, we also estimated genetic correlations between αS1-CN and αS2-CN phosphorylation isoforms as well as the genetic correlations between the phosphorylation degrees (PD) of αS1-CN and αS2-CN defined as the proportion of isoforms with higher degrees of phosphorylation in total αS1-CN and αS2-CN, respectively. The intra-herd heritabilities for the relative concentrations of αS2-CN phosphorylation isoforms were high and ranged from 0.54 for αS2-CN-10P to 0.89 for αS2-CN-12P. Furthermore, the high intra-herd heritabilities of αS1-CN PD and αS2-CN PD imply a strong genetic control of the phosphorylation process, which is independent of casein production. The genetic correlations between αS2-CN phosphorylation isoforms are positive and moderate to high (0.33–0.90). Furthermore, the strong positive genetic correlation (0.94) between αS1-CN PD and αS2-CN PD suggests that the phosphorylation processes of αS1-CN and αS2-CN are related. This study shows the possibility of breeding for specific αS1-CN and αS2-CN phosphorylation isoforms, and relations between the phosphorylation degrees of αS1-CN and αS2-CN and technological properties of milk need to be further investigated to identify potential benefits for the dairy industry.
CE-MSn of complex pectin-derived oligomers
Coenen, G.J. ; Kabel, M.A. ; Schols, H.A. ; Voragen, A.G.J. - \ 2008
Electrophoresis 29 (2008)10. - ISSN 0173-0835 - p. 2101 - 2111.
anion-exchange chromatography - capillary zone electrophoresis - trap mass-spectrometry - hairy ramified regions - maldi-tof ms - rhamnogalacturonan-i - 8-aminonaphthalene-1,3,6-trisulfonic acid - galacturonic acid - apple pectin - oligosaccharides
As pectin molecules are too large and heterogeneous to analyze as a whole, the polymer is usually degraded to smaller oligomers, which are often analyzed by high-performance anion exchange chromatography (HPAEC). However, the high salt concentration necessary to elute pectin oligomers by HPAEC is incompatible with online mass detection. To overcome such a disadvantage, a CE-IT-MS system was set up to further elucidate the fine structure of charged oligosaccharides. An effective separation of differently substituted galacturonic acid containing oligomers was obtained by low-pH CE-LIF analysis. By adapting the buffer and capillary online MS detection was enabled. Moreover, with MS/MS it was possible to localize sugar residues' substitutions. With this combined CE-MS approach LIF electropherograms of xylogalacturonan and rhamnogalacturonan I digests could be annotated. The method was further exemplified by a complex oligomer mixture of acid hydrolyzed apple pectin, which was separated and characterized by CE-MSn. Oligomers present in low amounts could be localized by their corresponding m/z, as was demonstrated by selected mass range representation.

domain: chemistry


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Keep up with the most pressing, interesting, and important city stories of the day. Sign up for the CityLab Daily newsletter here.
What We’re Following
Get smart: The smartphone—and the millions of apps that followed it—will go down as one of the most transformative technologies of the 2010s. And one of the primary agents for that transformation has been the city. Some of that change is plain for the eye to see: Companies like Uber, Instagram, Google Maps, and Airbnb have reshaped how we travel through and experience cities. Some of it is by its very nature hidden: Seemingly every object on the street can be made “smart” simply by gathering digital data to crunch, while the phones in our pockets tell companies where demand could go next.
CityLab’s Laura Bliss reflects on how the 2010s became app-addled and optimized: This Was the Decade That the City Became the App Store
Most Popular CityLab Reads of 2019
In use since the 1930s, New York’s 23,000 steel litter baskets are ubiquitous but not without real problems: They can get heavy and their aesthetics are not to everyone’s liking. Earlier this month, New York announced a new design for public waste bins following its year-and-a-half-long “BetterBin” competition, which drew more than 200 submissions.
The competition’s winning entry, shown above, is sleeker, with a heavy-duty plastic bin partly nestled inside a metal stand. There are still a few tests that need to take place before you’ll see these new bins on the corner, but could this be the urban trash can of the future? CityLab’s Linda Poon takes a look: New York City Unveils a Next Generation Trash Can
What We’re Reading
A decade of urban transformation, seen from above (New York Times)
How much should New York charge for a parking space? A lot (Bloomberg)
Seattle shelter focuses on native peoples experiencing homelessness (NPR)
Welcome to the era of the post-shopping mall (New York Times)
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For city-watchers, there’s something very familiar about the current development debate going on around Berlin’s Hermannplatz. The square, a busy shopping and transit hub in a fast-gentrifying working-class neighborhood, has caught the eye of developers. The Austrian real-estate group Signa Holdings—which also co-bought New York’s Chrysler Building earlier this year—wants to expand a long-established department store it owns there into a shopping mall, creating the usual burst of jobs and economic activity. Many locals are skeptical about the project, fearing it will increase already-rocketing residential rents nearby and cause congestion.
These conditions may ring a bell from other development fights, but the one currently taking place in Hermannplatz has a unique twist. The mall would not be, strictly speaking, an entirely new building. It would in fact be a recreation of a lost building—a Modernist icon of interwar Berlin, last seen intact in 1945.
That lost building was a branch of the (still-trading) Karstadt department-store chain. One of the most unusual and striking retail buildings constructed in early-20th-century Europe, the store might now be resurrected to a new design by David Chipperfield Architects that very closely resembles the original.
Berlin is no stranger to major historic-reconstruction projects. Right now, it is midway through a rebuilding of its vast, war-damaged City Palace, the former seat of Germany’s Kaisers. Karstadt Hermannplatz nonetheless stands out because it is not some old baroque pile, but a less-than-100-year-old work of Modernism. An ostentatious, unapologetically commercial Modernism at that.
Currently, the plan is in deadlock, albeit far from dead. The local borough of Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg, controlled by a left-leaning coalition headed by the Green Party, has said no to the initial proposal, but the developer is going on a charm offensive, promising to adapt the project to better suit official advice and to deliver not just the usual retail chains, but a genuine mixed-use space with local social assets. And with millions of euros to invest, Signa may ultimately prove difficult for the borough to resist. But is the plan a good idea?
Aesthetically, the building would certainly be a reminder of the forward-looking glamour of Weimar-era Berlin, a period that features heavily in the city’s self-mythology but whose landmarks were largely swept away by the war. Completed in 1929 to a design by Philipp Schaefer, the original Karstadt Hermannplatz was a wonderfully ornate building. Capped by stepped, bunny-ear towers and grooved with proportion-stretching vertical limestone ribs, the store was less reminiscent of Bauhaus influence than of the glossy American Art Deco stylings of Shreve, Lamb & Harmon. Uniquely for Berlin at the time, the store had a direct entry from the subway (something the current building on the site retains), plus 21 escalators and 20 elevators to whisk customers up to its panoramic roof garden.
Looming above an area of grimy proletarian tenements, this condensed skyscraper must have seemed dazzling, almost hallucinatory, when it first appeared. When the SS dynamited the building’s cellar in April 1945, to prevent its supplies falling to the swiftly approaching Red Army, Berlin lost something unique. After this destruction, just one façade of the gutted hulk remained. It was substantially rebuilt on fewer floors, but still as a Karstadt store, in the 1950s and 1970s, and became essentially unrecognizable.
If someone is to resurrect this old monument, then Britain’s David Chipperfield might be the best person to do so. His practice has made a specialty out of the skillful rethinking of historic landmarks, including the new James Simon Gallery, which provides an austerely beautiful entrance for Berlin’s neoclassical Museum Island without any hint of architectural cosplay. Sure enough, Chipperfield’s preliminary renderings of the new Karstadt Hermannplatz look both faithful to the original and rather delightful.
There is, however, a major “but.” The new store’s site isn’t just anywhere in Berlin. It is in the neighborhood at the heart of the most intense gentrification spurt in the city, whose influence has spread to pretty much everything. Lying on the boundary of the boroughs of Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg and Neukölln, Hermannplatz’s backyard is an ultra-dense district of pre-World War One tenements that was a former stronghold of Berlin’s working class. Now highly desirable, its rents have been galloping ever higher, making it the site of numerous public fights over displacement, both of people and of businesses.
Much of the pushback has come from the borough itself (Berlin is divided into 12 boroughs). To maintain some level of affordability in the area, the borough is employing discretionary powers to cool the market down and keep existing residents in place, buying up buildings at risk of steep rent increases to become public housing and making new landlords sign no-rent-hike agreements on many other tenements.
This backdrop is relevant to the Karstadt project because the borough worries it will spur further displacement. This is, after all, the same neighborhood where Google withdrew plans for a campus after a local backlash. In an area heavily marketed to international real-estate investors, any major plans are eyed with justified suspicion.
The Chipperfield-designed building might be spectacular, but since renovation costs would be high, the rents for the commercial units inside would be as well, fear borough leaders. Not only does that imply the development would be of limited use to lower-income locals, it also risks making the building a honeypot for businesses catering to wealthy incomers. This would perhaps give them more reason than before to move to the area, adding pressure to rents the borough is striving to keep under control. Add to that the added congestion caused by a retail cluster the size of which the area hasn’t seen for over 75 years, and some of the shine comes off it.
Given the project’s support from Berlin Mayor Michael Müller, and the developer’s promises to be flexible, the reconstruction may well see the light of day in some altered form. Turning down this level of investment might seem insane when viewed from the outside, but the borough may be right to block the plan now, if only to get something with more obvious social utility. Cities aren’t just backdrops for arresting architectural set pieces. They are living, breathing organisms whose balance needs to be maintained if residents’ needs are going to be met. For now, it’s understandable that the borough of Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg doesn’t see this magnificent but potentially disbalancing development as the kind of oxygen its citizens need.
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Insurance and Payment Policy
Northwest Arkansas Family Medicine and Obstetrics accepts most major insurance plans. If you don't see your plan listed below, please contact the office to verify whether your treatment will be covered. Check back frequently as the list will be updated as those pending approval are already in process.
- Blue Cross Blue Shield
- Municipal Health Benefit Fund
- Humana commercial
- United Healthcare
- QualChoice of AR
- AR Health Works (pending approval)
Many others are already approved. Please ask if you don't see your insurance listed
Pay your post-care balance online with the CareCredit credit card
We proudly accept the CareCredit credit card to help you finance all of your healthcare needs. Now you can use Pay My Provider, a new online payment solution from CareCredit, to help pay outstanding balances quickly and securely. Special financing options are available.*
CareCredit is the healthcare credit card designed exclusively for healthcare services with special financing options. Apply now and take advantage of special financing options.*
*Subject to credit approval. Minimum monthly payments required. Promotional financing options are available on purchases of $200 or more. Standard Account Terms apply to purchases of less than $200. Promotional financing options available through Pay My Provider may differ from options available in-office.

domain: finance


When recreational marijuana was first sold in Colorado at the beginning of last year, the prices were astronomical. As I heard one of my friends from Colorado say, ‘you can basically charge whatever you want right now for recreational marijuana at stores.’ I heard of people paying upwards of $100 for an eighth (3.5 grams) in Colorado in early 2014. But those prices were short lived. Compared to this time last year, Colorado marijuana prices are down as much as 37.5%. Per Marijuana Business Daily:
Increased competition has led to a decline in marijuana prices and per-customer spending, according to a survey of Colorado cannabis businesses.
Customers are spending about $50 per visit, half of what they were a year earlier, according to a survey by Convergex, a New York-based brokerage that services institutional investors. Flower now sells for $250 to $300 an ounce, on average, down from about $300 to $400 last year.
Increased competition as more recreational shops and dispensaries open is leading to the drop in prices, the company said, adding that the decline is a “function of a maturing market as dispensaries try to find the market’s equilibrium price.”
I think this is going to be a trend that we see in just about every state that legalizes the sales of recreational marijuana. At first prices will be through the roof, but as the hype wears off and more marijuana hits the shelves, prices will drop, and people will buy less per visit. This is a great thing not only for consumers who want the best deal, but also for marijuana legalization in general. The cheaper the prices are at stores, the harder it becomes to sell marijuana on the black market, which is something that helps the movement overall.


But many other mothers are forgotten on this special day, billions of suffering. For farm animal moms, there’s not much to celebrate. They face violence, abuse, and a lifetime of suffering.
Cow, pig, and chicken mothers are the foundation of the meat, dairy, and egg industries. On factory farms, they’re systematically exploited for their reproductive capabilities, cut down at a fraction of their natural lifespans, and never given the chance to raise their babies.
Just consider: cow moms on dairy farms are forcibly impregnated over and over again to keep producing milk, only to have their newborn calves taken away almost immediately so their milk can be sold for humans to drink.
Consider the story of Karma, a cow rescued by the compassionate folks at California’s Gentle Barn. When the team picked Karma up, the farmer didn’t tell them that she’d recently given birth. Luckily, they figured it out. Watch the power of this mother cow’s love in this reunion between mama and baby:
Animals have rich emotional lives. They’re intelligent, cognitively sophisticated, and affectionate towards the ones they love. The colloquialism “mother hen” stems from the nurturing maternal instincts of chickens. When given the chance, cow moms and babies will spend their entire lives as a family unit. And pigs — who are as smart as three-year-old children — are doting moms who form strong bonds with their children.
Remember that we have the power to change the world for animal moms, just by leaving them off our plates! The best way to celebrate Mother’s Day is to respect all mothers and choose cruelty-free cuisine. Delicious, plant-based foods don’t lead to shattered families and broken hearts.
So show non-human moms some love, too, and go vegan this Mother’s Day.


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To keep patients and staff as safe as possible, ALL requests for face to face consultations will CONTINUE to be triaged until further notice. Patients should expect to have a telephone discussion with one of our clinicians, who will then decide whether or not an actual attendance at the surgery is necessary. Some Medication review (asthma/epilepsy/mental health/COPD) will be completed when appropriate by telephone/email. We are now restarting routine recall appointments for Part one Diabetic checks/blood tests/blood pressures and routine cervical cytology where deemed clinically appropriate to do so. The Childhood vaccination programme will continue, as per current Government advice
From 15th June 2020 please attend wearing a face covering when a face to face assessment is needed. Appointments will be provided, with available precautions taken to minimise risks of possible exposure to Covid 19. Please note that our site at Eldon Square is open for booked appointments only and where clinically urgent ultrasound scanning is needed, appts will still be made for patients if it is appropriate for the scan to take place at this site.
Patients will find the entrance doors at both our sites locked. If you have been advised to attend on site for a face to face appointment please follow the instructions posted on the main door.
The Government are advising us to use electronic prescribing where at all possible, to minimise the need for patients to visit the surgery to collect their prescription. Please see our news item on the website called “common questions and answers about my prescriptions during the Covid 19 Outbreak”.
For all patients wanting advice on what steps they and family members should be taking, particularly those who are aged over 70 or patients with underlying health conditions regardless of age – please keep yourself informed by regularly following the government guidance – see the link : https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/coronavirus-covid-19/
Patients who have concerns about the safety of their working arrangements should speak to their own employer. All Employers should be following the Government Guidelines which are being updated regularly and should be risk assessing all their employees in order to comply with the newly issued social distancing guidelines.
On a practical note patients must expect severe delays in our ability to deal with ALL non-medically urgent matters. Patients should explore Private Providers able to deal with such matters.
We rely on your co-operation to get through these exceptionally trying times and are grateful to you all for your messages of support and encouragement.

domain: health


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Lady feels betrayed when she finally discovers the truth about Diamond’s and Pearl’s identities. Is the trio’s journey—and friendship—over?! And how can our three heroes save three Legendary Lake Pokémon from Team Galactic…when each Legendary Pokemon is in a different lake?!
Meanwhile, what evil is Team Galactic secretly concocting in an abandoned factory…?
Plus, meet Bronzong, Mothim, Staraptor, Gilscor, Lucario, Vespiquen, and many more Sinnoh Pokémon friends.
- Adventure 38: Brash Bronzong II
- Adventure 39: Startling Staraptor
- Adventure 40: Hurrah for Rapidash
- Adventure 41: Grumpy Gliscor
- Adventure 42: Lucky Lucario I
- Adventure 43: Lucky Lucario II
- Adventure 44: Vexing Vespiquen & Unmanageable Mothim I
- Adventure 45: Vexing Vespiquen & Unmanageable Mothim II
- Adventure 46: Winning Over Wingull
- Adventure 47: Maddening Magby

domain: entertainment


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You may know that exposure to different colors of light throughout the day has different effects on the human body: some good and some bad.
At the correct time, light can stimulate the mind and body, leading to alertness or at the wrong time, and sleeplessness.
But did you also know that we can control how we can let it affect us by controlling the color of the light and the time of day we expose ourselves to it by extension?
However, with light so conveniently placed on the tip of our fingers, turned on by the flick of a switch. No wonder we don’t pay much attention to how it can affect our well-being.
But we must pay attention, especially with rising cases of insomnia and depression linked to lack of sleep, and the presence of digital devices and screens emitting light.
It is better to sleep with strip lights turned off. Although, certain colors of light on the spectrum can have an effect on the body and affect the sleeping cycle. Red color strips can be relaxing and help to fall asleep because they are closest to the natural sunset color.
How Does Turned On Light Affect Your Sleep?
Light exposure at the wrong time of the day, negatively alters our body’s natural internal clock, also known as the circadian rhythm.
Changes to the clock due to light exposure can delay the naturally pre-programmed relaxing of our muscles, drop in body temperature, and feeling of drowsiness.
All of this is controlled by the release of the sleep hormone called “melatonin.”
The more melatonin your body produces, the sleepier you feel.
Due to increased light pollution, when you eventually go to sleep, it is difficult for your brain to achieve a deeper, restful sleep.
The kind of sleep that wakes you up energized and satisfied with your rest the next morning!
A vital thing about deep sleep is that it repairs the body and brain and allows muscles to recover, and in children, sleep promotes growth.
You essentially become Wolverine during the night!
And that’s not the end of it. Knowing how critical sleep is for the good functioning of the human body, you can understand how lack of it can lead to other long term problems as well:
Depression: People with insomnia have greater depression and anxiety than those who can get a good night’s rest.
They are 10 times more likely to have clinical depression. Lack of sleep can wreak havoc on a person’s mood and outlook on life.
Obesity: A 16 year study shows that women who slept 5 hours or less had a 15% higher chance of becoming obese. Short sleepers had a 30 percent higher risk of gaining 30 pounds compared to women who got 7 hours of sleep.
Accidents: People who consistently had troubled sleep caused increased car accidents, and studies have equated the lack of reaction time of sleep deprived people to that of drunk drivers’.
What Are The Best Colors Of Night Light For Sleeping?
You might be wondering if all light is equally bad?
Various colors of light have a different degree of effect, even within the spectrum of light. So let’s get the bad news out of the way first.
Blue light is the most detrimental to our natural circadian rhythm, our biological sleep cycle. And unfortunately, we are surrounded by blue light in the form of two primary sources.
The first source is the lit-up screens of electronic devices like mobile phones, TVs, monitors, and tablets.
The second is the energy-efficient light bulbs like fluorescent bulbs and LED bulbs. The latter produces a fair amount of light in the blue spectrum.
Now for the good news, with which you can paint the town red! Red light does not have the same effect as other light on our sleep and melatonin levels.
Exposure to red light has two significant benefits:
Firstly, using a red light will have the least unfavorable effect on melatonin levels. Install dimmed red lights throughout the home towards the evening and as night lights when you wake up for a trip to the bathroom or kitchen.
Secondly, some studies, in fact, proved the positive effects of red light therapy.
For example, sleeping in red light is known to have improved the quality of sleep, melatonin level, and the next day’s endurance of elite female basketball players.
The reason for this unwavering effect is that the cells on the retina of our eyes are least sensitive to a red light and most sensitive to blue light.
From the retina, the signals go to the brain, affecting mood and sleep.
What about other colors of light around us?
Is Green Light Good For Sleeping?
Similar to blue light, green light harms the natural release of melatonin, although not as adverse as blue light.
The effect of green light is similar when we are first exposed to it, but the effects die off more quickly over time.
While blue light can suppress melatonin for about 3 hours, green light throws it off by only half that is for a maximum of 1.5 hours.
So it’s still not jarring as blue light can be, but like being exposed to blue and other colored lights, green isn’t all that great either.
Is Purple Good For Sleep?
When you look at the light spectrum, you will see a pattern emerging of how the different colors affect sleep.
Violets, or light purple, is the closest color to the ultra-violet wavelength, followed by blue, with green in the middle, and red is the farthest away from ultra-violet, becoming infrared light as the wavelength increases.
Incidentally, violet color has the most detrimental effect on the human circadian system, throwing off melatonin release and suppressing it the most, followed by blue color.
Avoid this color at all costs after sundown if you love your sleep!
Most Relaxing Evening Light Colors
As the sun sets, it gives off the familiar red-orange glow and fills our surroundings by the warm colors.
For the human body, this red is a natural color that brings calm and a feeling of relaxation and drowsiness as the day ends, and melatonin slowly gets released, preparing us for a good night’s rest.
That is why it makes sense when we surround ourselves with warm-reddish hues of light in the evening and throughout the night.
It is the closest color to nature’s way of putting us to sleep.
Now you know a fair bit about how blue light helps make us feel naturally energized in the morning, while red light sends signals to our body to get it ready for calm and rest.
Throwing it off by turning on any colored light, especially violet or blue light, will interfere with your short term sleeping lifestyle, and in the long term, bring about health problems and medical conditions.
- Have you had trouble falling asleep and stayed awake scrolling your phone?
- Do you make special arrangements to avoid unnecessary light exposure after the sun sets?

domain: psychology


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THE attached photos are believed to be the first to document the capture of a trout cod since the endangered native species was restocked into the Macquarie River in western NSW.
This fish was caught and released by legendary fishing writer and native fish advocate Rod Harrison last week at a spot known as the Pump Hole. The trout cod was taken during a native fish survey conducted using lure fishing methods only. Healthy numbers of Murray cod were also encounterd during the survey.
The pics were sent to us by keen inland angler and secretary of the Sofala Branch of the Central Acclimatisation Society (CAS) Ken Smith. Smith is also campaigning against the proposed construction of a pipeline that will pump water from the Macquarie River to back up the water supply to the township of Orange. (Related story HERE).
"The fish I believe is the first lure caught trout cod in the Upper Macquarie since the first release in November 2009 by Steve Thurston," Smith told Fisho via email.
"Interestingly, Harro [Rod Harrison] helped in that release and now in 2012 has caught one of these fish on a small spinner bait.
"This is the third fish photographed since the release, the other two caught on bait, there are numerous other reports of trout cod being caught but some of these have been juvenile Murray cod but others I think are trout cod by the descriptions."
As Smith concludes, these photos and catch reports are evidence the trout cod recovery program in the Upper Macquarie is on the verge of being a spectacular success thanks to the NSW DPI and many others who have put in the hard work to make it happen.
The fate of this recovery program may now rest with the outcome of the controversial pipeline proposal.
The trout cod caught on the Macquarie River last week by Rod Harrison. Image supplied by Rod Harrison.


Updated: March 2, 2014 12:25:38 am
AS Russian armed forces effectively seized control of Ukraine’s Crimean peninsula Saturday, the Russian Parliament granted President Vladimir V Putin the authority he sought to use military force in response to the deepening instability in Ukraine.
The authorization cited a threat to lives of Russian citizens and soldiers stationed in Crimea and other parts of Ukraine, and provided a blunt answer to President Obama, who Friday pointedly warned Russia to respect Ukraine’s territorial sovereignty.
Even before Putin’s statement in Moscow, scores of heavily armed soldiers had tightened their grip on the Crimean capital, Simferopol, surrounding government buildings, shuttering the airport, and blocking streets, where they deployed Friday.
Large pro-Russia crowds rallied in eastern cities of Donestk and Kharkiv, where there were reports of violence. In Kiev, fears grew within the new provisional government that separatist upheaval would fracture the country just days after civil unrest ended in the ouster of President Yanuovych, a Kremlin ally who fled to Russia.
In Crimea, scores of heavily armed men fanned out across the centre of the regional capital, Simferopol. They wore green camouflage uniforms with no identifying insignia, but they spoke Russian and were clearly part of a Russian military mobilization. In Balaklava, a long column of military vehicles blocking the road to a border post bore Russian plates.
On Saturday morning, there was no immediate response from White House; officials had acknowledged on Friday that Washington’s options were limited.
There was also limited response from Europe. Carl Bildt, the Swedish foreign minister, issued a statement saying Russia’s actions in Crimea were “contrary to international law and the principles of European security”.
While the West grappled for a response, a Ukrainian military official in Crimea said soldiers had been told to “open fire” if they came under attack by Russia troops.
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Detroit, Mich. (June 13, 2003) – Facing stiff opposition from workers at a major Johnson Controls, Inc. (JCI) facility in Athens, Tennessee, United Auto Workers (UAW) union organizers have abandoned current efforts to impose union representation. According to National Right to Work Foundation sources, union operatives only obtained signatures from 10 percent of the employees at the plant.
Last year, pressured by UAW officials, crippling strikes, and the “Big Three” auto makers, JCI signed a so-called “neutrality agreement” that requires the major supplier to assist substantially in efforts to unionize the employees of its 26 non-union facilities across America. This effort includes “captive audience” speeches, waiver of secret ballot elections, and the turnover of employees’ personal information to the UAW.
Nevertheless, the Athens JCI workers were reported to be openly hostile to any notion of unionization. In meetings JCI conducted, employees even donned homemade t-shirts saying “UAW-Union Ain’t Wanted.”
While the Athens JCI employees’ repudiation in recent days is a setback to the UAW union’s ongoing efforts to expand control over workers employed by auto industry suppliers, the union is rolling out its program at other JCI facilities as well as those of other companies, such as Magna-Donnelly, and Freightliner.
“Since employees are increasingly rejecting union membership when given a choice through secret ballot elections, Big Labor is now enlisting companies to help bully workers into accepting compulsory unionism,” said Stefan Gleason, Vice President of the National Right to Work Foundation, which is providing free legal assistance to employees of JCI and other companies who are concerned that their freedom of association is in jeopardy.
As part of the “neutrality agreement” union organizers were given full access to non-union employees’ personal information and company facilities. After obtaining employees’ names, addresses, and phone numbers, union organizers conducted home visits and other initiatives to obtain signatures on union authorization cards. Workers have reported harassment from union officials both on and off the job.
Also under the JCI-UAW “neutrality agreement,” non-union employees have been forced to attend “captive audience” speeches in which they are told that, if they do not support the union’s organizing effort, they could risk losing potential job opportunities.
As part of the agreement, JCI workers are denied the ability to reject unionization through a secret ballot election, and union operatives are allowed to sign up workers under a “card check” authorization scheme. Had UAW officials been able sign up a majority of the workers at the Athens plant, then JCI would have declared the union as the exclusive representative of all the workers, even those who did not sign a card. However, the workers now report that UAW operatives have packed their bags and left the Athens plant.
The National Right to Work Legal Defense Foundation is a nonprofit, charitable organization providing free legal aid to employees whose human or civil rights have been violated by compulsory unionism abuses. The Foundation, which can be contacted toll-free at 1-800-336-3600, assists thousands of employees in more than 250 cases nationwide per year.


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Incorporating a daily stretching routine into your schedule carries numerous benefits, such as increased flexibility and range of motion, whilst helping to prevent injury.
In this article, we will take you through the full body stretches that you can do within a five-minute period to enjoy these benefits.
Start with your feet apart, before stepping back with your left leg and placing both your hands on the ground either side of your right foot.
Lower your hips until you feel a stretch in the front of your left hip and leg, and hold this for 30 seconds.
Then slowly straighten your front leg, whilst keeping you hands on the floor, and hold this for 30 seconds, before repeating the movement on the other side.
Begin this stretch by standing with your feet hip-width apart, with your toes facing forward, and then reach your hands behind you to meet your glutes.
Keep your back straight and bend at the waist, as you move your hips backward and feel the weight in your heels until you feel the stretch in the back of your legs.
Bend forward, with your arms coming above your head, whilst they remain straight, and hold this position for 30 seconds.
Seated back twist
Start by sitting on the floor, with the legs crossed and your left leg on top, before crossing your leg over your right leg and have your left knee pointing upward.
Begin to gently twist your shoulders left, and push against your left leg, and hold this position for 30 seconds.
Sit on the floor, and keep the soles of your feet touching each other, before placing your hands on your feet.
Bring your weight forward off your tailbone, and then lean forward whilst keeping your back straight, with your head coming toward your feet.
Make sure that you only go as far as comfortable, and hold this position for a total of 30 seconds.
Chest stretch in door
Begin this stretch by standing in the middle of an open door, before reaching out and placing your forearms in each side of the doorframe.
Gently start to lean forward into the doorway until you feel a stretch in the front of your chest and shoulders, and hold this position for 30 seconds.


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Zakynthos, which is also known as Zante, is the most southerly of the Ionian Islands off the west coast of Greece. It's a popular holiday island with some of the best beaches in the Ionians, especially in the south of the island where most of the holiday resorts are based: Laganas is the most popular. Around the island is some rugged cliff scenery, with an unspoilt hilly interior where you can still find that 'real Greece'.
Zakynthos has its own airport which is very busy during the summer months with charter flights from many European countries. There are many cheap flights to Zakynthos to be had if you can pick up one of these bargain fares. There are also internal flights to Athens, to Preveza on the Greek mainland, and to the neighboring Ionian island of Kefalonia.
Zakynthos is not as well-served with ferries as other Greek islands. There are ferries from Zakynthos to Kefalonia, and note that these leave from Ayios Nikolaos in the north east of the island. From Zakynthos Town you can catch ferries across to the Greek mainland at Kylinni on the Peloponnese from where you can get buses north to the city of Patra, or south to Pyrgos close to Ancient Olympia.
Ferries in Greece has an excellent and very thorough website where in addition to checking ferry schedules and times, you can also book tickets and get lots of useful information about travelling by ferry in Greece.
Check out this thorough guide to Santorini by Greece travel expert and friend of Greece Travel Secrets, John Malathronas.
Tilos is a small island in the Dodecanese between Rhodes and Kos with regular ferry connections, hotels, rooms to rent, beaches, tavernas and ancient remains.
Athens in the rain isn’t something you’re likely to experience but it can rain in winter, sometimes heavily. Here are suggestions for things to do in the rain in Athens including museums and shopping


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Once you decide to file bankruptcy, you will need to complete your bankruptcy petition. The forms that make up your petition require a vast amount of information about you and your financial situation.
It is imperative that you fill out the forms completely and accurately as the court uses your petition to guide your bankruptcy. The U.S. Courts website explains that if you have a spouse, you must have his or her information regardless of whether you will file jointly or not.
Income and asset information
You will need to file information about you and your spouse’s income. The court will request proof of your income and want to know the source or sources. You also must provide the amounts of income and how often you receive it.
The forms will also ask for a list of your property. You need to be completely honest and list everything that you own regardless of the value.
You must also provide a budget that shows your monthly expenses. You will detail how much you pay for everything from rent to food. You need to include information on all possible expenses even if it is not a regular monthly expense.
Perhaps the most important part of your bankruptcy petition is the list of debts you have. The court directly uses this list when discharging your debts, so it must be accurate. You need to list every creditor you have, even for those debts you desire to continue paying. You will need to include how much you owe each creditor and the type of debt it is.