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It’s been 100 years since the BCG vaccine was first used to vaccinate against TB. Why haven’t there been any breakthroughs since then?
The BCG vaccine was developed from a strain of bacteria referred to as Mycobacterium bovis. These organisms closely resemble the bacteria that cause tuberculosis disease in people (Mycobacterium tuberculosis) and are usually found in animals that have tuberculosis-type disease.
The vaccine was generated over a period of 13 years (roughly from 1908 to 1921) by two French scientists, Albert Calmette and Camille Guérin, hence the name – Bacillus Calmette-Guérin.
At the time, they couldn’t have known that it would become one of the most widely administered vaccines in human history. BCG has been used all over the world to protect against the development of TB. However, because TB has primarily been a disease of the poor, there has been insufficient investment in the development of new vaccines over the past century.
Vaccine innovation is needed for TB because the protection provided by the existing vaccine wears off over time, and it’s not completely effective in adults.
Developing vaccines and treatment is an incredibly costly undertaking. Conducting multi-centre clinical trials to demonstrate safety and efficacy in different populations over a period of years can cost billions. This requires concerted investment through partnerships with all stakeholders including the governments of TB endemic countries.
BCG is usually administered only in infants, immediately after birth, in countries that have a high incidence of TB. The vaccine then produces an early immune response that has been demonstrated to protect children against severe forms of TB. In particular, BCG protects very well against the development of disseminated forms of TB. Usually TB occurs in the lungs, but the bacteria can also be found in other parts of the body – this is called dissemination. In children, the bacteria can be found in the brain – this is called TB meningitis. The BCG vaccine is very effective at protecting against TB meningitis and is a great example of how vaccines can be of huge benefit.
We still have some way to go. Recently, there have been two promising developments.
The first is a study that demonstrates that re-vaccination with BCG does indeed provide protection against TB disease. This is exciting as BCG is an approved vaccine and if this approach demonstrates sustained durable protection, rolling out mass vaccination campaigns will be easier than starting with a novel vaccine.
The second comes from a study that demonstrates a new vaccine from GSK (M72/AS01E) gave good protection in a clinical trial setting. In 2020, this vaccine was licensed to the Bill & Melinda Gates Medical Research Institute for continued development.
The Conversation Africa is an independent source of news and views from the academic and research community. Its aim is to promote better understanding of current affairs and complex issues, and allow for a better quality of public discourse and conversation.Go to: https://theconversation.com/africa


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|Putin to Deploy Nuke Subs to Arctic Sea|
|by Tom McGegor||Thu, Jun 5, 2014, 02:00 AM|
Russian President Vladimir Putin aims to deploy nuclear submarines to the Arctic Sea.
Ria Novosti reports that, "Last year, Moscow unveiled a strategy aimed at increasing its presence in the Arctic and boosting the region's development by 2020. Experts say it may take Russia five to seven years to ratchet up its Arctic exploration effort to what it was during its golden era in the 1930’s and 1940’s."
Global Warming is turning the Arctic Circle into a golden opporutinity for natural resources investors and explorers.
According to Ria Novosti, "In April, Putin said that a united system of naval bases for ships and next-generation submarines will be created in the Arctic to defend Russia’s interests in the region. He urged the speedy completion of modern navigation infrastructure, communications, technical services and emergency care to be established along the Northern Sea Route – from Russia’s Far East to Murmansk on the Barents Sea."
The Battle for the Arctic may soon begin.
To read the entire article from Ria Novosti, link here:
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domain: geography


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After a somewhat unpredictable year in which the stars we expected to break out largely didn’t but fresh faces came out of nowhere to surprise us all, we are ready to look ahead to the new talent waiting to be discovered in 2013. It’s looking like a strong year with plenty of hopeful action stars ready to debut to the world for the first time and some who have been quietly working hard finally seeing their films released. As always, there’s a mix of names you’ve never heard of with some who are ready to hit another level in their rising career, so without further ado, here are 20 names and faces we will be watching this year.
Charlie Hunnam to reteam with “Pacific Rim” director Guillermo Del Toro on haunted house horror “Crimson Peak”
We won’t see how Charlie Hunnam does in “Pacific Rim” until this summer, but director Guillermo Del Toro is clearly pleased with what he’s seen so far. Variety reports the duo are keen to work together again and Hunnam has begun negotiating to join Del Toro’s next feature, a haunted house horror film called “Crimson Peak.”
There are no plot details vailable, but the film already has Emma Stone in talks to join the cast as well. Del Toro and Lucinda Coxon are working on a rewrite of the script which he first co-wrote with Matthew Robins. With Del Toro, Stone and Hunnam all busy with other projects for the foreseeable future, filming on “Crimson Peak” isn’t expected to begin until February of 2014.
Hunnam, who has appeared in “Cold Mountain” and “Children of Men”, is most known for his starring role on hit FX series “Sons of Anarchy”, which is now heading into its sixth season. He last appeared on the big screen opposite Olivia Wilde and Eric Bana in violent crime thriller “Deadfall.” Thanks to his role in “Pacific Rim”, he has become increasingly attractive to studios looking to cast rising stars in big projects. Most recently he was considered for the titular role in David Yates’ “Tarzan.”
Juno Temple joins “The Dark Knight Rises” co-star Joseph Gordon-Levitt in “Sin City: A Dame to Kill For”
Juno Temple, Jeremy Piven and Ray Liotta are the latest cast members to join Robert Rodriguez and Frank Miller’s comic book sequel adaptation “Sin City: A Dame to Kill For”, according to The Playlist.
Miller and Rodriguez are already underway filming on the sequel to 2005′s “Sin City” based on Miller’s graphic novel, and a large chunk of the original cast is returning, including Mickey Rourke, Clive Owen, Bruce Willis, Jaimie King, Jessica Alba and Rosario Dawson. Gordon-Levitt will play a newly created character named Johnny, a “smooth gambler” role that had originally been offered to Johnny Depp, but there are no details on who the newest cast members will play. It’s also unclear if Temple has taken the female lead role that had not yet been cast last we heard, a role originally meant for Angelina Jolie. If so, it’s quite a get for the young British actress.
Temple, a current nominee for BAFTA’s EE Rising Star Award, last appeared in Christopher Nolan’s Batman conclusion “The Dark Knight Rises” and will next be seen opposite Michael Angarano in indie comedy “The Brass Teapot”, the trailer to which we unveiled earlier today. She recently completed filming on Disney’s Sleeping Beauty reimagining “Maleficent” opposite Angelina Jolie and Elle Fanning, as well as supernatural thriller “Horns” with Daniel Radcliffe and Max Minghella.
WATCH: New trailers include Disney stars in jail and on the race track, and a charmingly ridiculous indie pic
It’s nothing new to see tween actors and actresses trying their hardest to break away from their pop cultural personas but “Spring Breakers” might be the biggest break several have tried all at the same time. Harmony Korine‘s day-glo blast of hedonism and violence stars Selena Gomez, Vanessa Hudgens and Ashley Benson, along with a K-Fed inspired James Franco.
It’s rated R and following on from the US and European poster release, A24 and Annapurna Pictures have released a trailer which shows us why. It’s caused debate amongst fans of the actresses as well as critics, but it looks like a crazy, incredible explosion of a twisted American Dream.
Contrasting the insanity of the “Spring Breakers” trailer is Zac Efron‘s “At Any Price“, which was doing the festival rounds in 2012. Starring Dennis Quaid and Efron as a father and son with a tumultous relationship, the family’s farming business is threatened by an unexpected crisis and Efron’s desire to race cars. This new trailer showcases the urgency and drama of the film, set to be released April 26th 2013.
Away from the tween stars are two indie actors whose stars are slowly rising. “The Brass Teapot” starring Juno Temple and Michael Angarano looks to be a charming, fun and heartfelt indie pic following a young couple who discover a brass teapot that makes them money whenever they hurt themselves. Soon they must come to terms with how far they are willing to go and how money can change people. “The Brass Teapot” will premiere on VOD on February 28th before a wide release on April 5th.
And “21 And Over”, starring Miles Teller has a new TV spot as it gears up for a March 1st release. When straight-A college student Jeff Chang’s (Justin Chon) two best friends Casey (Teller) and Miller (Skylar Astin) surprise him with a visit for his 21st birthday, he decides to do the unexpected for a change – even with a critical medical school interview early the next morning.
Click below for the videos of all the above mentioned films.
Paul Dano will play the younger version of Beach Boys singer Brian Wilson in “Love and Mercy”, a new film about the founding of the legendary band, it was announced today. Another actor is being sought to play Wilson in his later years.
The movie, written by Oren Moverman and to be directed by Bill Pohlad, will span decades and follow “the mercurial singer, songwriter and leader of The Beach Boys. Rather than a bio pic, the film will take an unconventional look at seminal moments in Wilson’s life, his artistic genius, his profound struggles, and the love that kept him alive.” The film also has the blessing of Wilson himself. “I am thrilled that Paul Dano has signed on to play me during one of my most creative explosions and most fulfilling musical times in my career,” he says in the press release. Oscar-winning composer Atticus Ross will create the “soundscape” for the film, which will undoubtedly feature some of the band’s most iconic songs.
Seen on the big screen in 2012 in “Ruby Sparks” and “Looper”, Dano recently wrapped up shooting on Steve McQueen’s “12 Years a Slave” with Michael Fassbender and is now gearing up to shoot revenge/kidnap thriller “Prisoners” opposite Hugh Jackman and Jake Gyllenhaal.
We were big fans of Jeff Nichols’ 2011 Sundance drama “Take Shelter”, and our first look at his newest film looks just as promising. “Mud”, which revolves around two teenaged boys (“The Tree of Life” star Tye Sheridan and newcomer Jacob Lofland) who come across a mysterious and increasingly dangerous man named Mud (Matthew McConaughey), premiered at Cannes last year to mostly positive reviews and will have its US premiere next week at Sundance.
It’s one of our most anticipated Sundance titles, and the first trailer for the film reveals the intimacy, intensity, mystery and that certain small Southern town aura that made “Take Shelter” so watchable is just as present here. “Mud”, which also stars Reese Witherspoon, Michael Shannon and Sam Shepard will finally be released to the general US movie-going public on April 26th, just under a year since its Cannes premiere, and the trailer can be viewed below.
It’s prom night for Miles Teller and Shailene Woodley in new images from Sundance premiere “The Spectacular Now”
We are one day away from opening night of the 2013 Sundance Film Festival and today we have new images from one of our most anticipated films premiering at the festival, James Ponsoldt’s adaptation of Tim Tharp novel “The Spectacular Now.”
The Playlist unveiled the new images featuring the movie’s young leads Miles Teller and Shailene Woodley all dressed up and getting close at prom. As fans of the book know, prom is not just a romantic night out for Teller’s Sutter and Woodley’s Aimee, but turns out to be a pivotal moment in their relationship. The film also stars Brie Larson, Mary Elizabeth Winstead, Kyle Chandler and “The Hunger Games” star Dayo Okeniyi, and will make its world premiere in Park City on Friday night.
We can’t wait for this one and hope it lives up to the book and its impressive cast and crew. The new images of Teller and Woodley can be viewed below.
Funny girl Emma Stone may be moving into a genre she’s never tackled before: horror. And who better to introduce her to the genre than Guillermo Del Toro himself? Variety reports Stone is the first to enter early negotiations for Del Toro’s next feature, a haunted house horror film called “Crimson Peak.”
Plot details are scarce and Del Toro and Lucinda Coxon are working on a rewrite of the script which he first co-wrote with Matthew Robins. Of course, Del Toro is busy at the moment finishing up on his potential summer blockbuster “Pacific Rim”, and filming on “Crimson Peak” isn’t expected to begin until February of 2014.
It’s smart to lock down the ever-busy Stone quickly, as her dance card tends to fill up fast. She’s due to begin shooting “The Amazing Spider-Man 2″ imminently and also has Cameron Crowe’s next feature opposite Bradley Cooper awaiting production this year. Stone managed to eschew the Scream Queen role that seemingly every other young actress has not been able to avoid early in their careers, earning her stripes on comedies like “Superbad” and “Easy A” instead. She’s proven herself talented and increasingly bankable since, with the one-two punch of “The Help” and “The Amazing Spider-Man” quickly solidifying Stone’s stance at the very pinnacle of the go-tos of Young Hollywood.
Film Festival season of 2013 is officially underway. Sundance is just around the corner, and now increasingly popular Austin fest SXSW has announced its first batch of films. Magician buddy comedy “The Incredible Burt Wonderstone”, starring Steve Carell, Jim Carrey and Olivia Wilde, will open the festival with its world premiere. Meanwhile, Wilde will be double-dipping at the fest, as she also stars in Joe Swanberg’s rom com “Drinking Buddies”, which co-stars Anna Kendrick, Jake Johnson and Ron Livingston and which will also have its world premiere at the festival.
Harmony Korine’s much talked-about “Spring Breakers”, which stars James Franco, Vanessa Hudgens, Selena Gomez and Ashley Benson and which premiered at Cannes last year, was also announced today as part of the initial lineup of SXSW. Another buzzy title making its world premiere is the remake of “Evil Dead”, which features the quintet of Jane Levy, Jessica Lucas, Shiloh Fernandez, Elizabeth Blackmore and Lou Taylor Pucci being tortured and slaughtered quite graphically.
The list of the first batch of films can be viewed below, along with the first image of Wilde and Johnson in “Drinking Buddies.”

domain: artistic


Eight years after three young brothers went missing from their Morenci, Michigan, hometown, questions still loom about their disappearance. On Thanksgiving Day 2010, Andrew, Alexander and Tanner Skelton left with their father, John Skelton, and were never seen again.
The boys’ mother, Tanya Zuvers, told Toledo 13ABC, “I have, for several years now, I guess, accepted the fact that my boys probably are not alive. I believe that John killed them.”
John is serving a 15-year prison sentence for unlawful imprisonment, having told investigators that he delivered the boys to an underground sanctuary. He has never been charged with murder.
Despite pleas from police, family and the public, John has never disclosed additional information about the boy’s whereabouts.
An Ohio newspaper reporter who has covered the case since it began has now released a book where he outlines what he alleges are gaps in the investigation and pinpoints an area where he believes the boys’ bodies may be found. Lynn Thompson, a reporter for the Bryan Times, said he is hoping his theories will bring a renewed interest in the case, as well as spark additional investigations.
When the boys were first reported missing, there were search teams for days, There were 500 to 600 volunteers walking wherever they could get to. The focus was getting the word out to find the boys, hopefully alive.
As time went on, Thompson, who believes the boys had been murdered, turned his interest in the case toward evidence and what had been done to bring closure to a grieving family and community.
“I started really digging into as much information as I could find and I found some gaps, and I wanted to bring those gaps to light so that they might be further investigated,” Thompson says.
Their father seems crazy, even now. He says sometimes that he gave them away “for their own safety”. I doubt this very much, if he cared about them and knew anything about their whereabouts he should fucking speak up!! I think they’re long gone, maybe he sold them or just wanted life insurance money. Who knows.. I still consider this to be unsolved, that mother has no idea where her three babies went. There was a break in the case last year because some bones had been found in a shed but nothing ever came of the evidence. If you have any information about their disappearance please contact your local police department.


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Martin McGuinness has resigned as Northern Ireland’s deputy first minister in protest against the handling of a botched energy scheme that could cost taxpayers £490m.
The Sinn Féin MLA’s resignation took effect from 17:00 GMT on Monday.
He cited the Democratic Unionist Party’s (DUP) conduct over the Renewable Heat Incentive (RHI) scheme scandal as the main reason.
His decision to quit is likely to lead to a snap assembly election.
- Live coverage: McGuinness quits
- Profile: A decade as deputy first minister
- QA: What is the RHI scheme?
- Analysis: When he goes, she goes
- BBC News NI reports on the RHI scheme
He said First Minister Arlene Foster has a “clear conflict of interest” in the RHI scandal and her position is “not credible or tenable”.
“Today is the right time to call a halt to the DUP’s arrogance,” he added.
Mr McGuinness said people should be allowed “to make their own judgement on these issues democratically at the ballot box”.
Prime Minister Theresa May has been “updated” on Mr McGuinness’ resignation, Downing Street has said.
The RHI scandal has engulfed politics in Northern Ireland over the past month, with DUP leader Mrs Foster facing repeated calls to resign – all of which she has refused.
She set up the RHI scheme in 2012 when she was enterprise minister in an attempt by the Northern Ireland Executive to encourage production of heat from renewable sources rather than fossil fuels.
But flaws in setting the scheme’s subsidy rate left it open to abuse as claimants could earn more cash the more fuel they burned, with the overspend estimated to be almost half-a-billion pounds.
In his resignation letter, Mr McGuinness said the DUP’s handling of the issue has been “completely out of step with a public mood”.
He said people were “rightly outraged at the squandering of public money”, and the DUP was refusing to accept demands for “robust action and accountability”.
“The refusal of Arlene Foster to recognise the public anger or to exhibit any humility in the context of the RHI scandal is indicative of a deep-seated arrogance, which is inflicting enormous damage on the executive, the assembly and the entire body politic,” he added.
Analysis: Mark Devenport, BBC News NI political editor
Under the joint protocols that govern Stormont’s power-sharing government, Martin McGuinness’ resignation means First Minister Arlene Foster also loses her office.
She may continue to exercise some functions, but her role will be very limited.
Sinn Féin has seven days to nominate a new deputy first minister, but the party is adamant it will not replace him.
An election could be called next week if Sinn Féin does not nominate a replacement as deputy first minister, and Mr McGuinness has said the party will not do that.
The veteran republican had been deputy first minister since the DUP and Sinn Féin made a historic agreement to share power in 2007.
But he said a number of issues in recent years had “raised all sorts of questions” about the behaviour of his party’s partners in government.
But DUP MP Sammy Wilson said the deputy first minister had stepped down “in a way to deepen this crisis”.
“It’s in everyone’s interests to try and pull back from the brink on this one and find a solution,” he added.
“We have worked very hard to try and achieve that including the offer of a full public inquiry.”
Speculation has surrounded Mr McGuinness’s health since he cancelled a planned trip to China with Mrs Foster last month on medical advice.
But he said: “My health has nothing to do with this whatsoever.
“I have been very deeply involved in all of the conversations in the course of recent weeks.
“I was here last week speaking to Arlene Foster, I’ve been doing my job as is appropriate for me to do so, so health has got absolutely nothing to do with it whatsoever.”

domain: news


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I’m sitting in the airport restaurant after my flight to catch my self. Fears are something I always try to conquer, and I have conquered my fear of flying, but that doesn’t make it any easier.
My heart raced. My palms were sweaty. I could feel every bump, jerk and bounce the plane made as it cruised thirty-nine thousand miles above the ground. My heart is still in my throat. My fear is not a mild fear, oh we are going to crash mentality. No, mine is soul crushing memories that spike my anxiety.
My first memory of flying still haunts me. I can feel the crushing pain of it all. For a five year old child scared out of his head the worst possible thing could have been to make me fly on a plane. I’ve told Margo the story a billion times over. It never changes, the memory is seared into my head.
I had just sparked – the curtains caught on fire and my mother spat at me sending me to my room and violently packing my things and hurrying me out the door into her truck and we hurled down the highway to the airport in Denver. I watched the mountains slip past us. I remember feeling lost and confused. My mother was glaring at me, yelling at me for every little sound I made that I stuffed my face into my little stuffed Mushu dragon from Mulan and I cried and tried not to let my mother hear me.
My mother dragged me kicking and screaming onto the plane that I was certain would crash to the ground in a fireball of my own creation. She didn’t understand as she shoved me into my seat and strapped me down. The belt was so tight it felt like it was crushing my legs and hips. I remember squirming and getting smacked for my attempt to escape. The growl and firmness in my mother’s jaw informed me she meant business. I held my tongue and my body close to me as I whimpered into my only friend. He at least would help me through this time as I lost everything I’d ever know, ever loved.
The jerk of the plane as we ascended into the sky made me scream and my mother covered my mouth with her rough smoke covered skin and I did all I could just to breathe and not vomit all over the place. When we leveled out, I felt like the world was pressing in on me, I could barely breathe, my ears hurt so much my jaw ached. The landing wasn’t any better. I bit into Mushu’s plush skin and held my scream for fear of the beating my mother would give me for being loud again.
The ground was hard and I nearly fell into it as we started walking inside the terminal. My mother stood around waiting, she roughly pushed me into a chair and I sat and waited, watching the crowd go around and around. Never saw the same person twice, until a man came to me. He smelled like my mother of cigarette smoke, but where my mother had nothing but contempt for me he had a kind smile. The thought of that smile gives me shivers now. The universe was shitting on me and I didn’t even know it yet.
This trip was not traumatic. I didn’t scream or even squawk. I was grateful for not having super human strength or the arm rests could be permanently damaged from the grip I had on them. My breathing was increased and the people next to me were keenly aware of my fear as I drowned in the music of my iPod. But it was uneventful, I conquered my fear.
So now I sit catching my breath, drinking a beer and eating a small meal before I go to my new home for the foreseeable future. Here’s to conquering another fear!

domain: psychology


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Joe Bergen is a percussionist and educator active in the New York metro area. As a co-founder of Mantra Percussion and Transit New Music, Joe has toured North America performing some of the most interesting and compelling music of our time. Joe also frequently performs with the Cellar and Point, Experiments in Opera, and from 2007-2014 with Newband performing on Harry Partch's original microtonal instruments. Joe has recorded extensively for tv, radio, film, and video game soundtracks most notably playing percussion for the 2011 RockStar video game of the year; Read Dead Redemption. He can be heard on over a dozen labels including New Amsterdam, Cantaloupe, Cunieform, and New World Records.
A native of Ramsey NJ, Joe studied with John Ferrari and Tom Kolor at William Paterson University with additional studies from Gordon Gottlieb and Nancy Zeltsman. In addition to performing with Mantra, Joe is the group's education director overseeing programs including; Mantra Youth Percussion, the Necessary Noise Festival, and Mantra's In-School Residencies. Additionally, Joe is a Wolf Trap early education teaching artist and dance accompanist for New Jersey Performing Arts Center, the percussion director and in school specialist for Rahway High School, and is an accomplished arranger in the education world writing music for various award winning groups.


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The aim of this study was designing a diagnostic kit for yersiniosis in the trout fish in Iran. Colonies of Yersinia ruckeri were collected from culture medium and a suspension was prepared in a lysing solution. DNA was extracted through a boiling and phenol chloroform method. Two primer sets targeting bacterial 16S rRNA and trout 18S rRNA. Polymerase chain reaction products were separated by gel electrophoresis. Among 20 suspected samples tested two samples were positive for both host and bacterial PCRs indicating the positive Y. ruckeri infection and remaining 18 samples were negative for pathogen. The performance of PCR reactions in negative samples were confirmed from amplification of internal control reactions targeting host. A PCR based diagnostic kit with an internal control was prepared for detection of Yersinia ruckeri in rainbow trout fish.
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One of the most common and serious bacterial diseases in salmonid farms is yersiniosis or enteric redmouth disease (ERM). This disease was first reported from a trout farm in Hagerman, Idaho, USA in the 1950s (Bullock et al., 1978; Rucker, 1966; Gibello et al., 1999; Tobback et al., 2007).
Yersinia is a non-spore-forming bacterium and gram negative coccobacillus belonging to the family of Enterobacteriaceae that often has flagella, actively growing cell are approximately 0.75 μm in diameter and 1.0-3.0 μm in length (Rucker, 1966; Tobback et al., 2007). It causes septicemia in addition to internal and superficial hemorrhage and leads to dramatic losses in mariculture industry. Clinically, yersiniosis resembles other gram negative septicemias, especially furunculosis and is characterized by bleeding in the base of fins, inside and around the mouth, bilateral exophthalmia with or without hemorrhage, peri ocular and peri oral hemorrhage. Internally, small hemorrhages are noted in liver, pancreas, large intestine, swim bladder and lateral muscles. In diseased fish, the spleen becomes enlarged and dark and the intestine is inflamed and filled with purulent material. Hemorrhagic inflammation in hindgut, accumulation of fluid in stomach and intestines, enlargement of hematopoietic organs, kidneys and splenomegaly are among the pathologic landmarks (Rucker, 1966; Gibello et al., 1999; Avci and Birincioglu, 2005; Tobback et al., 2007).
Definitive diagnosis of the disease reduces empiric use of antibiotics and consequent development of drug resistance and limits the prevalence of the infection (Greisen et al., 1994; Falsey et al., 2007; Maltezou et al., 2008). Accurate and rapid diagnosis in asymptomatic fish is critical in preventing widespread outbreaks (Wilson et al., 2002; Wilson and Carson, 2003).
Since, traditional diagnostic methods for Yersinia ruckeri depending on clinical assessment, culture and biologic or serologic studies are time consuming and pathogen-dependent (Austin et al., 1986; Furones et al., 1993; Wilson and Carson, 2003). Development of molecular assays such as PCR has improved the turn around time, accuracy and sensitivity of diagnosis (Greisen et al., 1994; Argenton et al., 1996; Gibello et al., 1999; Lejeune and Rurangirwa, 2000; Wilson et al., 2002; Wilson and Carson, 2003).
PCR could be deeply affected by human error, environmental factors, reaction inhibitors, quality and quantity of substrates. Therefore, false negative results are common and constitute the major drawback for use of PCR in diagnosis (Greisen et al., 1994; Bleyen et al., 2007).
Various PCR methods have been suggested for diagnosis of Yersinia by researchers including PCR RFLP, simple PCR, multiplex PCR, PCR-ELISA (Argenton et al., 1996; Gibello et al., 1999; Altinok et al., 2001; Lejeune and Rurangirwa, 2000; Coquet et al., 2002; DelCerro et al., 2002; Wilson et al., 2002; Wilson and Carson, 2003; Olsson et al., 2004). Because, there was no a commercial kit available for rapid detection of yersiniosis in cultured trout in Iran, we designed a PCR -based kit with internal control for diagnosis of yersiniosis in trout fish.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
This study was conducted since March 2007 to September 2008 in Tehran, Iran. Yersinia ruckeri was provided by Iranian Veterinary Organization and cultured in TSA medium (pancreatic digest of casein 1.5%, soy peptone 0.05%, sodium chloride 0.05%, agar 1.5%) (Atlas, 2006). Infected trout samples were collected from farms around Iran and transferred to the laboratory in 20% ethylic alcohol or in frozen form.
Bacterial DNA was extracted as described by Lejeune and Rurangirwa (2000). Briefly, bacterial colonies were collected from culture medium and a suspension was prepared in a lysing solution (320 mM sucrose, 10 mM Tris, 5 mM MgCl2, 1% SDS). The reaction tube was incubated at 37°C for 2 h. Subsequently, DNA was extracted through boiling and phenol chloroform method. DNA was precipitated by ethylic alcohol and fish tissue was extracted according to instructions provided by Roche Applied Science Company (MagNA Pure LC DNA Isolation Kit II, cat number 03186229001).
We selected two pairs of primers, one pair based on 16S rRNA sequence of Yersinia ruckeri as described earlier by DelCerro et al. (2002) and one pair was designed using CLC Bio software based on sequence of trout 18S rRNA of Oncorhynchus mykiss (GenBank accession AF308735) as internal control of PCR reaction.
The primers: Yer F 5'- CGAGGAGGAAGGGTTAAGT-3 and Yer R 5'- AAGGCACCAAG G CAT CTC T-3' amplifies 573 nucleotides from Yersinia ruckeri 16S rRNA gene. Primers: Omny F 5'- CTGTGGCAATTCTAGAGC-3' and Omny R 5'- CTGCCCTCTTAATCATGG-3' amplifies 752 nucleotides from trout 18S rRNA gene sequence.
PCR reaction contained 1 μg DNA (host DNA or host and bacterial DNA), 1X PCR buffer, 20 pico mol of each primer, 1.5 mM MgCl2, 0.15 mM dNTPs, 1.25 units of Taq DNA polymerase enzyme (CinnaGen, Iran) and distilled water up to 20 μL final volume. The reaction took place in the following settings: initial denaturation for 2 min at 94°C. Thirty cycles of denaturation for 30 sec at 94°C, annealing for 30 sec at 55°C and extension for 30 sec at 72°C and finally the reaction lasted 5 min at 72°C (McPherson et al., 2000).
Upon completion of the reaction, 10 μL of the PCR products was electrophoresed (Bio Rad Company, USA) along with a DNA ladder marker (Fermentas, Lithuani) on 1.5% agarose gel containing ethidium bromide and viewed using 260 nm ultraviolet wave in an UV transilluminator (Boffy, 1984).
DNA was extracted from infected trout tissues and multiplex PCR reactions were done by specific primers of Yersinia ruckeri 16S rRNA and Oncorhynchus mykiss 18S rRNA genes. Our results demonstrated that Yersinia ruckeri was detected in positive samples. Figure 1 shows the 1.5% agaros gel electrophoresis of positive samples (752 and 573 bp as PCR product of Oncorhynchus mykiss 18S rRNA genes as Yersinia ruckeri 16S rRNA, respectively) and negative samples (only 752 bp of PCR product of Oncorhynchus mykiss 18S rRNA gene as internal control of PCR reaction is seen).
An internal control was designed in this kit as a 752 bp DNA fragment from the trout 18S rRNA gene. Detection of the host PCR reflects the quality and proportion of PCR substrates and lack of a reaction indicates an error in the system. If the host PCR product is detected, the existence or lack of a pathogen PCR product is then verified; however, if a host PCR product were not detected, the existence of the pathogen is questionable and one should search for possible errors. We tested 20 suspected samples by this kit. There were two positive and 18 negative samples. As it showed in Fig. 1, there are only host PCR product in negative samples, but there are both host and pathogen PCR product in positive samples. The host PCR product serves as an internal control for PCR reaction and increase credit of designed kit for diagnosis of bacteria in samples.
|Fig. 1:||Electrophoresis of PCR product on 1.5% agarose gel. Lane 1-3: PCR product of negative samples, where only a host (trout) PCR product is observed, lane 4: PCR product of positive sample with both host and pathogen PCR product and lane 5: 100 bp DNA ladder|
It seemed that yersiniosis has a worldwide distribution and is considered endemic in most trout producing countries and in natural hosts in marine habitats. According to British Trout Association in 1998, annual loss related to yersiniosis assuming costs related to loss, decreased growth, reduced food conversion ratio, increased use of antibiotic and delayed harvest equals 10% of all the costs in the industry.
Regarding the importance of fish production in countrys agriculture and the diversity of natural and artificial habitats for salmonid and natural hosts of Yersinia, definitive diagnosis of yersiniosis is of significant importance. It is currently possible to diagnose the disease by replication of the organisms DNA and use of its specific primer (Gibello et al., 1999; Wilson and Carson, 2003). There was not a commercial kit available for diagnosis of Yersinia ruckeri in trout with an internal control for PCR reaction in Iran. In this study, we provide a kit for detection of Yersina ruckeri in rainbow trout fish in farms.
Polymerase chain reaction results could be profoundly influenced by human error, environmental factors like different thermocyclers, varying efficacy of primers and presence of inhibitors such as polysaccharide complexes and therefore negative results are not rare in this method (Bleyen et al., 2007). As a result, inclusion of an internal control in each microtube and assessment of execution of the reaction seems a reasonable solution for the above mentioned limitation. In present study, we used primers designed according to gene sequences of bacterial 16S rRNA (EU401667) and trout 18S rRNA (AF308735) for diagnosis and control of the PCR reaction in a multiplex PCR format. In every reaction, the presence of product of the host PCR shows a correct reaction and lack of such products points to an error. In other words, host PCR product must be seen in all samples even the negative ones.
There are some studies to detection of Yersinia ruckeri by PCR method in trout fish (Gibello et al., 1999; Altinok et al., 2001; DelCerro et al., 2002), but there is no internal control for confirmation of PCR reaction in negative samples for any of them. There is an advantageous for our kit, because it has an internal control for confirmation of PCR reaction in negative samples.
We designed a diagnostic kit based on PCR reaction with an internal control for rapid and sensitive diagnosis of Yeasinia ruckeri in trout fish. It proposed for devepement in future as multiplex PCR reaction for diagnosis of other trout bacterial disease in one reaction tube.
This study was supported by Shahid Beheshti University, M.C., Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran and was done in Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center. The authors wish to thank directors. The bacterial colony used for initial test was gifted by Iranian Veterinary Organization.
- Altinok, I., J.M. Grizzle and Z. Liu, 2001. Detection of Yersinia ruckeri in rainbow trout blood by use of the polymerase chain reaction. Dis. Aquat. Organ., 44: 29-34.
- Argenton, F., S. De Mas, C. Malocco, L. Dalla Valle and G. Giorgetti, 1996. Use of random DNA amplification to generate specific molecular probes for hybridization tests and PCR-based diagnosis of Yersinia ruckeri. Dis. Aquat. Organ., 24: 121-127.
- Austin, B., I. Bishop, C. Gray, B. Watt and J. Dawes, 1986. Monoclonal antibody-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for the rapid diagnosis of clinical cases of enteric redmouth and furunculosis in fish farms. J. Fish Dis., 9: 469-474.
- Avci, H. and S.S. Birincioglu, 2005. Pathological findings in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum, 1792) experimentally infected with Yersinia ruckeri. Turk. J. Vet. Anim. Sci., 29: 1321-1328.
- Bleyen, N., K. De Gussem, J. De Gussem and B. Goddeeris, 2007. Specific detection of Histomonas meleagridis in turkeys by a PCR assay with an internal amplification control. Vet. Parasitol., 143: 206-213.
- Bullock, G.L., H.M. Stuckey and E.B. Shotts, 1978. Enteric red mouth bacterium: Comparison of isolates from different geographic areas. J. Fish Dis., 1: 351-356.
- Coquet, L., P. Cosette, L. Quillet, F. Petit and G.A. Junter, 2002. Occurrence and phenotypic characterization of Yersinia ruckeri strains with biofilm-forming capacity in a rainbow trout farm. Applied Environ. Microbiol., 68: 470-475.
- DelCerro, A., I. Marquez and J.A. Guijarro, 2002. Simultaneous detection of Aeromonas salmonicida, Flavobacterium psychrophilum and Yersinia ruckeri, three major fish pathogens, by multiplex PCR. Applied Environ. Microbiol., 68: 5177-5180.
- Falsey, A., Y. Murata and E. Walsh, 2007. Impact of rapid diagnosis on management of adults hospitalized with influenza. Arch. Intern. Med., 167: 354-360.
- Furones, M.D., M.L. Gilpin and C.B. Munn, 1993. Culture media for the differentiation of isolates of Yersinia ruckeri base on detection of a virulence factor. J. Applied Bacteriol., 74: 360-366.
- Gibello, A., M.M. Blanco, M.A. Moreno, M.T. Cutuli and A. Domenech et al., 1999. Development of a PCR assay for detection of Yersinia ruckeri in tissues of inoculated and naturally infected trout. Applied Environ. Microbiol., 65: 346-350.
- Greisen, K., M. Loeffelholz, A. Purohit and D. Leong, 1994. PCR primers and probes for the 16S rRNA gene of most species of pathogenic bacteria, including bacteria found in cerebrospinal fluid. J. Clin. Microbiol., 32: 335-351.
- Lejeune, J. and F. Rurangirwa, 2000. Polymerase chain reaction for definitive identification of Yersinia ruckeri. J. Vet. Diagn. Invest., 12: 558-561.
- Maltezou, H., V. Tsagris, A. Antoniadou, L. Galani and C. Douros et al., 2008. Evaluation of a rapid antigen detection test in the diagnosis of streptococcal pharyngitis in children and its impact on antibiotic prescription. J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 62: 1407-1412.
- McPherson, M.J., S.G. Moller, R. Beynon and C. Howe, 2000. PCR: The Basics from Background to Bench. 1st Edn., BIOS Scientific Publishing Ltd., USA., pp: 9-21.
- Olsson, C., S. Ahrne, B. Pettersson and G. Molin, 2004. DNA based classification of food associated Enterobacteriacea previously identified by biolog GN microplates. Syst. Applied Microbiol., 27: 219-228.
- Rucker, R., 1966. Red mouth disease of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri). Bull. Int. Epizoot., 65: 825-830.
- Tobback, E., A. Decostere, K. Hermans, F. Haesebrouck and K. Chiers, 2007. Yersinia ruckeri infections in salmonid fish. J. Fish. Dis., 30: 257-268.
- Wilson, T., J. Carson and J. Bowman, 2002. Optimisation of one-tube PCR-ELISA to detect femtogram amounts of genomic DNA. J. Microbiol. Methods, 51: 163-170.
- Wilson, T. and J. Carson, 2003. Development of sensitive, high-throughput one-tube RT-PCR-enzyme hybridization assays to detect selected bacterial fish pathogens. Dis. Aquat. Organ., 54: 127-134.
Modares Ravi Roozbahani Reply
I would like to thanks becuase of this usefule and practical article . hope to see other article of these scientists. it is exellent
Mohammad Reza Roozbahani
That is kind of you friend,

domain: biology


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LOW supply is driving up the prices of beef and pork among markets in Negros Occidental, the Provincial Veterinary Office (PVO) reported on Tuesday, July 25.
Based on the Weekly Market Price Monitoring of PVO, the prevailing average price of beef is P238 per kilogram.
It is higher by P6.71 compared to last week’s price of P231.29 per kilogram, it showed.
The PVO also noted a significant surge in the price of chevon, or goat meat. From P279.44, the commodity currently costs P286.11 per kilogram, with an increase P6.67.
Carabao meat (carabeef) registered an increase of P0.40 per kilogram. From an average price of P221.43 per kilogram, it went up to P231.29 per kilogram.
An increase of P1.26 per kilogram was also noted in the price of pork.
Average price of the commodity among local markets is P194.07 per kilogram, higher than the P192.81 per kilogram during the third week of the month, the PVO reported.
Provincial Veterinarian Renante Decena on Tuesday said that low supply accompanied by high demand is driving up the prices of animal products in the province.
“The low supply is triggered by the increase in outgoing shipments of live cattle and pig, including those from various livestock markets,” Decena pointed out.
Among the local government units in the province, Bacolod City registered the highest price of carabeef, at P240 per kilogram.
In terms of beef, PVO’s monitoring further showed that markets in Escalante City have the highest price, at P300 per kilogram.
E.B. Magalona and Talisay City have the highest price of chevon, P350 per kilogram while Kabankalan City registered the highest price of pork, P300 per kilogram.
Decena said the prices in every city and municipality vary depending on the transport and handling cost of the commodity from the location of slaughterhouses or livestock auction markets where the meat is being sourced to its selling point.


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Adele has been announced as the first confirmed live act for next year’s Brit Awards.
The record breaking artist will take to the Brit Award stage in February. Speaking of booking Adele, Brit Award chairman Max Lousada said: “You couldn’t get a bigger name in music right now. Adele is having an exceptional moment and The BRITs are delighted to be a part of her history, her present and future.”
Adele is a Brit School graduate, and has won a total of three Brit awards so far in her career. She last took the stage in 2012 where she famously got cut off during her acceptance speech for Best Album by host James Corden to allow Blur to perform. This resulted in the singer flipping off the camera.
It has already been announced that singer-songwriter Jack Garratt will pick up the Brits Critics’ Choice Award – the same award that Adele picked up in 2008.
The Brit Awards will be hosted by Ant and Dec and broadcast live on ITV on 24th February 2016.
Remind yourself of Adele’s stunning performance of ‘Someone Like You’ at the 2011 Brit Awards, below.


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Bowland Brewery joins forces with Burnley Football Club and Accrington Stanley as an official sponso
The Clitheroe-based brewery’s flagship ale, Hen Harrier, and other core beers will be on sale at Burnley Football Club’s Fanzone area at its Turf Moor headquarters and also at Accrington Stanley’s Wham Stadium.
The Bowland Brewery bus, a vintage red London bus which has been converted into a mobile bar serving the finest cask ales Lancashire has to offer, will also be at Turf Moor on selected match days.
Brewery md, Warren Bennett, said: “We are delighted to get behind our two local teams, Burnley and Accrington Stanley, and we’re sure that they’re both going to have stellar seasons.
“Our beers are made in Lancashire by the team based at our Holmes Mill headquarters and being an integral part of the local community is important to us. We look forward to serving our craft ales to the fans of both clubs.”
Bowland Brewery was named best drinks producer in the Lancashire and Cumbria Life Food and Drink Awards 2016 and won the Producers and Makers Award in the Lancashire Tourism Awards 2016. Its artisan, craft ales hold numerous prestigious awards including International Beer Challenge Bronze Awards and North West Society of Independent Brewers (SIBA) Silver.
Bowland Brewery is part of the James’ Places group of hotels, inns, interior design and hospitality businesses across the Ribble Valley, Yorkshire Dales and South Lakes, all different yet sharing the same service values and ethos.


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Written by: Ralph Blessing and Jeri Quest, SIVO Research Strategists
Plant-based food is more than just a trend—it’s a dynamic, fast-growing category that has attracted the attention of food and meat manufacturing companies such as Tyson Foods, Memphis Meats and Cargill.* Impossible Foods is a leading and innovative brand in the plant-based food space, producing “meatless meat” that is incredibly similar looking and tasting to meat for discerning consumers.
The company launched its “Impossible Burger” in the U.S in 2016. In preparation for a launch in Hong Kong restaurants this summer, Impossible Foods tapped SIVO as a partner. We were thrilled to travel to China and partner with this trailblazing brand to help them find out if its product tasted authentic and comparable to meat. Our SIVO expertise helped tease out diners’ real attitudes, needs and reasons for trying Impossible Foods meat to the mainstream alternative of cow meat. We also managed the true test for a new brand launch: were consumer’s likely to buy it again or even recommend it to friends?
Influencing the Influencers
Our insights journey started with Impossible Foods’ organic, strategic approach for infiltrating a new market: leverage and partner with popular, well-known chefs and restaurants that buy into the vision of plant-based meat. Each chef’s own foodie following helped Impossible Foods get buzz, generate a cool factor and create new fans of the product. We saw first-hand how the influence of social media buzz on blogs and Instagram was a particularly effective way to reach and engage urban Millennials in this market. Let’s just say we had no shortage of respondents who showed up for dinner wanting to check out the new Impossible Foods menu items.
The Hong Kong Foodscape
As we visited restaurants, observed dining behaviors and spoke directly with people, we were struck by the sophistication of the foodie culture in Hong Kong. For example, we noticed that group dining is especially popular in Hong Kong. Imagine tables of six young people, ordering two chili fries, one with meat and one with Impossible Foods meat, simply to compare the two out of pure curiosity. We also noticed the city is filled with a diverse mix of locals, Europeans, other expats, Millennials, and boarding school students, all of whom were happy to share their thoughts and experiences with us.
At the time of our research, Impossible Foods launched its product in three Hong Kong locales: at an upscale burger chain as well as two hip, chic restaurants run by a notable female chef. Each of the three restaurants tried Impossible Foods “meat” in different ways: a Thai burger, chili fries, bao and a pastry pocket.
SIVO Uncovers the True Customer Experience
Our consumer insight challenge was unique due to the various ways the chefs used the product. We had to decipher how diners liked the Impossible Foods ingredient since it was used in four different recipes. Processing many variables also added to our mission—like the different flavors of the foods, the time of day and day of week, as well as the exciting melting pot of cultures in Hong Kong.
We were really motivated to gain insights in a fresh, new way, identifying how customers interacted and experienced the Impossible Foods menu items in the dining moment. So, we ventured out into the hot, humid and rainy summer weather in Hong Kong, sometimes even getting lost in the tiny, winding streets of the old city. We spent five days at selected local restaurants, observing and engaging with more than 200 diners. To round out the learning, we spoke with servers and the chefs to hear their perspectives as well.
The Hong Kong experience was incredible for us in so many ways, but one of the most interesting aspects was witnessing the genuine excitement diners had for trying something new. They snapped in-the-moment pictures, posted immediate reactions on social media about what they ate, debated with friends about the various flavors they tasted, and purposefully made it one big, fun social experience! We savored this unique opportunity as researchers—and as human beings—to take part in such a dynamic, global experience.
Ruthie brings over 20 years of senior leadership experience in consumer insights, brand strategy and marketing communications to her work at SIVO Insights. She has deep empathy for client needs, high partnership standards, and an eye toward meeting business objectives. Ruthie is a seasoned moderator and strategist whose warm, approachable style makes consumers feel they are talking to a friend and results in deeper insights. Her strong relationships and strategic influence have shaped positioning, innovation, and growth strategies for blue-chip brands across food, technology, entertainment and retail.

domain: food


If you have information about this name, share it in the comments area below!
Books about Breval:
Breval, Jean Baptiste - Sonata In C Major for Cello and Piano - by Schoreder/Rose - International
Breval Jean Baptiste Sonata In G Major Op. 12 No. 5 for Cello and Piano by Cassado - International
Breval - Concertino I in F Major: for Violoncello and Piano by Jean Baptiste Breval (Apr 1, 2006)
Breval, Jean Baptiste - Concerto No. 2 In D Major for Cello and Piano - by Feuillard - Delrieu
Breval Jean Baptiste 3 Easy Sonatas Op. 40 Nos. 1 to 3 for Cello and Piano - Arranged by Gurgel/D
Breval, Jean Baptiste - 3 Duets for Violin and Cello - Arranged by Hollanders
Breval, Jean Baptiste - Concertino No. 5 In D Major for Cello and Piano -by Feuillard - Delrieu
Wiki information Breval:
Jean-Baptiste Sebastien Bréval was a French cellist and composer. He wrote mostly pieces for his own instrument, and performed many world premières of his own pieces.
John Durant Breval, was a miscellaneous writer. Breval was descended from a French refugee protestant family, and was the son of Francis Durant de Breval, prebendary of Westminster, where he was probably born about 1680. Sir John Bramston, in his...


February - No. 133
Benchmarking understanding of government recordkeeping obligations
In the October issue of For the Record we advised that we would be sharing the findings of our benchmarking research with you. We are pleased to announce that the full report on our benchmarking research is now available. The report includes an executive summary and a discussion of the findings:
- Executive Summary for key insights and the Summary Scorecard
- Benchmarking Research Report for the full report
- Organisation and staff profiles of those who responded to the survey.
The Benchmarking Research Report presents findings from the study on how well people working for State and Local government agencies, local health districts and universities in NSW understand their government recordkeeping obligations. The study included insights from senior responsible officers (SROs) on current recordkeeping practices and pain points.
We are happy to report that the mean score for understanding of recordkeeping requirements was high:
However, the report does highlight some areas for improvement for the Government Recordkeeping Program relating to:
- areas where further guidance is needed
- how we communicate with you
- guidance and tools provided on our website
- training programs.
Please contact us if you have any questions or feedback regarding the results of the study at email@example.com to top
New Standard on the physical storage of State records
The new Standard on the physical storage of State records (Standard No. 13) has been issued to all public offices.
This new standard is the outcome of a recent review of an older storage standard, which had been issued to public offices in 2012. The new standard has:
- a reduction in scope to only cover semi-active and inactive records in storage areas or facilities. It does not cover the creation and storage of paper records in office spaces as records are predominately being created in a digital format.
- reduction from 7 to 6 principles
- no changes to temperature and humidity ranges but clearer distinctions in environmental conditions for storing short and medium term temporary records (up to 30 years) and long term temporary records or State archives (more than 30 years)
- tables which identify environmental conditions and housing requirements by records format and retention period (see Tables A and B in the Standard)
- increased counter disaster requirements, including insurance to cover the recovery and restoration of records affected by disaster, and notification to NSW State Archives and Records that records have been affected by a disaster
- requirements for sentencing records for disposal prior to transferring the records to secondary storage facilities, enabling a better match-up of records to appropriate storage environments
- an increased focus on security and protecting records in accordance with the security frameworks issued by NSW Government and the Australian Government, and
- a new format, including examples of how a public office can demonstrate compliance with each minimum requirement.
Please note that Standard on the physical storage of State records (Standard No. 11, issued 2012) is no longer a requirement under section 13 of the State Records Act 1998. This older standard should not be used as a benchmark for records management.
Further information on the new standard and implementing the standard in your organisation is available from our website.
Government Recordkeeping staff are available to answer any questions you may have on the new standard and can be contacted on firstname.lastname@example.org or by telephone on 02 8257 2900.Back to top
Our new Board
The membership of the Board of the State Archives and Records Authority of NSW has been confirmed, with Dr Brian Lindsay in the role of Chair. The new appointments to the Board are:
- Lauren Eyles from Hunter Water (representing State owned corporations)
- Dr Brian Lindsay (representing the history profession) and Chair
- The Hon Shayne Mallard MLC (Member or officer of either House of Parliament)
- Rodney Wallis (reappointed Member representing the private sector)
- David Walton Northern Beaches Councillor (representing Local Government)
Continuing Board members are:
- Jeffrey Greenwood NSW Police Force (representing State law enforcement agencies)
- Hon. Justice Geoff Lindsay Justice of the NSW Supreme Court (representing a Court of NSW)
- Alex O’Mara Deputy Secretary for Create NSW (representing Public Service agencies)
- Elizabeth Tydd NSW Information Commissioner (representing Public Service agencies)
Read more information about each of the board members on our website.Back to top
FAQ on Information Security
We have updated our advice on Information Security to address the differences between information security and cyber security.Back to top
Now and Then
The February issue of our sister newsletter Now and Then has just been published. It has some interesting articles including the digitisation of bubonic plague records and our new exhibition: Marriage: love and law.Back to top
Contacting Government Recordkeeping
A reminder that the best way to contact us is via the email@example.com email which is monitored daily. Please don't email the firstname.lastname@example.org for recordkeeping enquiries.Back to top
Disposal authorities approved
The Board recently approved a disposal authority for transport strategic planning, network operations, safety and regulation.
Copies of our retention and disposal authorities are available from the Retention and disposal authorities page on our website.Back to top


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Discover the last products from our past collections! The stock is limited because they are the unsold items from previous years: there will be no restocking for these models, but you can always hope for a customer return.
Discover our timeless Virevolte sneakers in a warm terracotta color. As always, combine comfort and style!
- Golden eyelets.
- Comes with a pair of recycled white laces and a pair of red laces.
- Natural rubber soles.
- Made in Portugal.
Choose your usual size.

domain: design


text:
The tears stream down his face as he calls out that worthless word that can not be heard by the person he's calling out the word means nothing because it no longer has an owner."Aniki..."He chokes on the tears that he tried to keep in, but he soon found that it was impossible to hide his emotions.
He looks at his lifeless brother that would never again open those sharingan would never again would his heart again...
And then, Sasuke wakes was drenched in sweat, his eyes wide got out of bed and quickly put his clothes ran outside and went searching for a brother's landed in front of scanned the words carefully, to make sure his brother was sighed after he read the words one more time.Uchiha Itachi...
He knew that wasn't the way it knew he didn't feel guilt when his brother closed his sharingan eyes, never to see knew he didn't feel sorrow when his brother took his last breath, never to breathe knew he didn't feel pain when his brother's heart beated once more before it stopped, never to beat knew he didn't shed one tear as his brother's body went limp and fell to knew he wasn't heart broken when they buried his brother.
But he was that he didn't feel like he accomlished something when his brother's sharingan eyes that he didn't feel joy when his brother took his last that he didn't feel happiness when his brother's heart stopped that when Itachi's body went limp and he didn't cry on the outside, but he was screaming on the that when they buried Itachi that he wasn't heart broken, but his heart shattered like glass, even though he would never admit was disappointed, most of all, that he couldn't remember.
He thought he wouldn't feel guilt when Itachi died by his knows that he was very, very wrong.

domain: literature


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It will soon be time for members to consider who to vote for in the 2023 APEGA Council election. The 2023 Council election application process is complete, and we have our list of successful candidates. Two candidates seek the president-elect position for the 2023-24 term, and six others hope to serve a three-year term on Council.
When the APEGA Council election kicks off in February, members will choose APEGA’s next president-elect (term beginning 2024), and the runner-up executive candidate will become the vice-president (term beginning 2023). Members will also vote for five candidates for Council from among the six possible candidates.
Manon Plante, P.Eng., who was voted as president-elect last year, will automatically assume the presidency in 2022-23 at the annual general meeting in April.
Note: The following list of candidates has been randomized and will be posted in this order throughout the election process.
Incoming President (2022-23 President-Elect)
- Manon Plante, P.Eng.
- Margaret Allan, P.Eng., P.Geo., FGC
- Tracey Stock, P.Eng.
- Jason Vanderzwaag, P.Eng.
- Geoffrey Kneller, P.Eng.
- Devarsh Sood, P.Eng.
- Ken Hawrelko, P.Eng.
- Mihaela Ciulei, P.Eng.
- Jeffrey Priest, P.Eng.
Voting opens February 6 and closes March 9. You’ll receive full details about all the candidates in late-January.
2023 Annual General Meeting
Successful candidates will begin their term at the 2023 AGM, scheduled to take place on Friday, April 28, 2023, in Calgary, Alberta.
Learning more about the candidates
You’ll have plenty of opportunities to learn more about the candidates before voting opens in February. We will add professional highlights for each candidate to the election section of our website, which will include a candidate statement, their answers to four important questions, their resume, and a short video introduction.
To keep improving as a leader in self-regulation, APEGA relies on a diverse team of strategic thinkers to provide sound, visionary governance. It’s a key to our success, and you are part of the process.
Demonstrate your engagement and commitment to self-regulation by learning about the candidates and voting during the election to keep our strong, diverse Council equipped with the expertise needed to navigate any challenges that lie ahead. Be sure to vote and, where appropriate, encourage your professional peers to do the same.


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Lollapalooza guard arrested for allegedly faking shooting threat to “leave work early”
The 18-year-old guard sent out an anonymous text and made a fake Facebook account
A Lollapalooza security guard has been arrested and charged for allegedly creating a fake "mass shooting" threat in hopes of “leaving work early”.
The threat was circulated by an anonymous mass text message, sent through the text message platform TextNow, which reportedly said “Mass shooting at 4pm location Lollapalooza. We have 150 targets.”
18-year-old guard Janya Williams reportedly circulated this message to her supervisor at 2.48:PM on the second day of the Chicago festival (Friday, July 29).
Read this next: 30 of the best Chicago house tracks
NBC Chicago reports that Wiliams also allegedly told her manager that her sister had seen posts on Facebook about a mass shooting being planned for the event.
When asked to take a screenshot of this threat, Williams supposedly made a fake Facebook account under the name “Ben Scott” and wrote a post that read “massive shooting at Lollapalooza Grant Park 6 p.m.”
Prosecutors claim that she took a photo of the post without posting it and send the image to her supervisor.
The FBI and Chicago Police also found that the original message sent through TextNow was linked to Williams’ IP address and iCloud account.
When Williams was questioned at the CPD command post, she allegedly admitted to sending the text message and creating a fake Facebook account.
Read this next: 50 years of Gramaphone Records, Chicago's most beloved institution
She was charged by Cook County prosecutors with creating a fake terrorist threat, which is a crime.
Williams was required by Judge Mary Marubio to pay a $5,000 bail deposit in order to leave the house under electronic monitoring.
In addition, she was told that she had to pay a $500 bail deposit for breaking the terms of her release in an ongoing misdemeanour retail theft case.
Williams is still in jail and is awaiting her next court appearance - which is due to take place on August 8.
This year’s Lollapalooza line-up included the likes of Black Coffee, J Cole, Dua Lipa, Denzel Curry, Charli XCX, Pinkpantheress, James Hype and more. It took place between July 28 and July 31 in Chicago.
Read this next: ARC is a new house music festival heading to Chicago
Aneesa Ahmed is Mixmag's Digital Intern, follow her on Twitter

domain: law


C-Fold or Multi-fold Towel Dispenser
Conveniently dispenses C-fold or multi-fold towels without needing an adjustment. This large capacity dispenser holds 300 C-fold or 500 multifold towels, reducing maintenance cost. The towel cabinet has a standard key lock to prevent towel theft and is constructed out of 26 gauge stainless steel for durability. This dispenser measures in at 11-3/8" wide x 4" deep x 14-3/4" high. Includes one dispenser.
San Jamar Combination Paper Towel Dispenser, Stainless Steel, Each
Manufacturer's limited one-year warranty.


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System can enable safe, effective and reliable delivery of complex biopharmaceutical medications
West, a leading global manufacturer of components and systems for injectable drug delivery, has entered into an agreement with Janssen Biotech to collaborate on the development and manufacture of an innovative self-injection product. The technology, developed by Janssen Biotech, has been specifically designed to facilitate self-injection of pharmaceutical and biologic drug products. West will market the new injection technology under the name SelfDose.
West will be responsible for co-developing and handling the commercial scale-up and manufacture of the product, and will have the ability to offer the SelfDose injection technology as part of its expanding portfolio of self-injection technology platforms. The SelfDose injection technology complements West's ConfiDose and SmartDose injection technologies, and offers a solution for improved manual injection.
‘We are delighted to have formalised our relationship with Janssen Biotech around this drug delivery platform and look forward to working together to commercialise the SelfDose injection technology, providing manufacturing, development and regulatory support through the remainder of the process,’ said Dr Donald E. Morel, West's Chairman and CEO.


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AMNESTY INTERNATIONAL USA
Monday, January 25, 2010
Amnesty International Cautions that Human Rights are at Risk in Yemen amid Increased Security Crackdown
(Washington, DC) Amnesty International today warned that Yemen’s heavy-handed response to the threat posed by al-Qa’ida puts civilians at risk of being locked in a downward spiral on human rights.
In its latest briefing paper on Yemen, published ahead of Wednesday’s international high-level meeting in London, Amnesty International highlights an increase in human rights violations against those who criticize or oppose the government.
“The fear is that international demands for a crackdown on suspected supporters of al-Qa’ida will be interpreted by the government as a green light to crush all opposition with no consideration for human rights,” said Malcolm Smart, Amnesty International’s Middle East and North Africa program director.
The government appears to have further intensified its new sweep against al-Qa’ida suspects following reports that a Nigerian national alleged to have tried to blow up a plane over Detroit last December had received training in Yemen.
Security forces claim to have killed and captured a number of leaders and activists of the group. Family members of such suspects have also been killed by government forces.
Attacks by al-Qa’ida, and groups apparently linked to it, have occurred sporadically throughout the last decade.
But most human rights abuses have taken place during conflict between government forces and armed rebels from the Zaidi Shi’a minority in the north and a strengthening, largely peaceful separatist movement in the south, both reportedly unconnected to al-Qa’ida.
“The government has resorted to increasingly repressive methods to counter this opposition, including waves of arrests, incommunicado detention and unlawful killings,” said Smart.
“Counter-terrorism is no excuse to sideline human rights. Whilst the government has a duty to protect people and hold to account those engaged in terrorism it must abide by its obligations under international law.”
In Sa’da, in the north of the country, the long running conflict between government forces and the Huthis, armed fighters belonging to the Zaidi Shi’a minority, resumed with new intensity last August and has been marked by serious abuses on both sides.
Both sides are alleged to have killed civilians and according to the UN’s refugee agency, so far more than the 200,000 people have been forcibly displaced.
The government has sealed off the area, preventing independent reporting of the conflict, and aid agencies have faced continuing problems as they seek humanitarian access to those at risk
Civilians have also been put at risk, and some possibly killed, by Saudi Arabian security forces that have carried out attacks against rebels in Yemen’s northern border region. These attacks lacked any safeguards for the protection of civilians.
In Aden and other cities in the south, the government has faced growing protests from local people over the government’s failure to address discrimination.
The government’s response to these protests has been heavy-handed, with unarmed demonstrators being shot in the streets and those leading local demands arrested and detained. Since the protests began in 2007, the security forces have arrested and detained, in many cases arbitrarily, thousands of demonstrators and bystanders.
Independent media in Yemen has also come under sustained attack in connection with the unrest in the south of the country. The authorities have stormed newspaper offices, blocked distribution of newspapers and arrested journalists critical of the government.
# # #
Amnesty International is a Nobel Peace Prize-winning grassroots organization with more than 2.2 million supporters, activists and volunteers in more than 150 countries who campaign for human rights worldwide. The organization investigates and exposes abuses, educates and mobilizes the public and works to protect people wherever justice, freedom, truth and dignity are denied.
A copy of the new briefing is available here.
For more information, please contact the AIUSA media office or visit: www.amnestyusa.org.
Media Relations Director
Amnesty International USA
Washington DC 20003


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These Images and videos were displayed at the Education Committee Booth SIGGRAPH 2014 in Vancouver, BC. The curated exhibit was open to all faculty working at Secondary/High School through University levels. All submissions were required to be accompanied by the assignment, in PDF format.
You can view all the works in this PDF:
Please not that some of the embedded viedo links may no longer work as they are self hosted.
All the accompanying materials:
All materials are licensed under the Creative Common Attribution - NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0.

domain: library


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A Yorkshire-based businesswoman and her five-year-old daughter are on a mission to build children’s confidence and reduce bullying.
After having her first child, Stacey Kelly, the founder of Early Years Story Box, was inspired to write and illustrate storybooks that support emotional well-being and instill positive values in children.
By making a storybook together, Stacey and daughter Eleni aim to teach children to accept themselves and others for who they are.
Having seen her mum create books throughout her life, Eleni who was four months old when Stacey formed the business, decided she wanted to join the family firm and asked if they could make a book together.
A former teacher, Stacey, jumped at the chance and the duo have now created the book ‘Yaryo and Looly’. Hand printing 100 copies, the book which launched in August makes Eleni one of the youngest authors in the country.
Stacey commented on the book:
“Eleni has always loved drawing and telling stories so I always thought that one day we would make a book together. I was so happy when she asked me! I had always wanted to create a book to teach children that it is okay to be different and when my little girl drew her beautifully wonky characters I just knew that they were the perfect fit for this storyline.”
The story follows character Yaryo who is worried that people won’t accept him because he looks different. However, his new friends help him to accept himself and to see that his differences are actually what make him so special.
Stacey added her daughter’s book to her Memory Box Collection, meaning that it also has a page at the back to record memories and to stick a photograph. This special page in Yaryo and Looly gets children to look at their own differences too and helps them to think about how these differences make them special, which builds self-esteem.
Since launching the book, it has been read in a local school and has been given to over 50 children with parents claiming that it has built their children’s confidence and helped them to see themselves and others in a more positive light.
The mum and daughter duo are now on a mission to get their book into schools and homes throughout the UK and to help children far and wide to realise that it is okay to stand out from the crowd and be unique.
“If children can learn from a young age to accept themselves and others the way that they are, we will live in a much kinder and happier society.”
Copies of the book can be purchased for £3.49 in the Early Years Story Box online shop.


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Although thousands of people wear the Shamrock to celebrate St. Patrick’s Day, and thousands more honor it all year long as a symbol of Irish heritage, the truth is that the Shamrock is a rather mysterious historical symbol, surrounded by myths and plagued with an age-old case of mistaken identity. Peter Stone has transformed the Irish Shamrock into a stunning collection of sterling silver jewelry to help you honor your Irish ties, and today, we try to sort out the facts from the fallacies and try to find out…
What is a Shamrock?
Because our information about the shamrock comes from folk art, our understanding lacks the botanical accuracy that would allow us to determine exactly what species it represents. Traditionally believed to be a form of clover (the Irish origin word “seamrog” means “clover”), botanical studies have been unable to fix on a certain plant. According to a 1988 survey in which Irish people chose a “Shamrock” and sent it in for consideration, there are five different species of plants in the running… and the top competitor isn’t a clover at all.
Lesser Trefoil (trifolium dubium) 46%
White Clover (trifolium repens) 35%
Black Medick (medical lupulina) 7%
Wood Sorrel (oxalis acetosella) 5%
Red Clover (trifolium pretense) 4%
Represented in various forms in ancient Celtic art, it is likely that the Shamrock was never universally agreed upon, even in the infancy of its rise to symbolic power, which would help explain why it’s so difficult today to determine which plant was intended for representation.
What’s the big idea?
Regardless of botanical accuracy, there are some well-known legends that help explain the significance of the Shamrock to Irish culture and society. Its three-petal configuration played an enormous part in its recognition. To the Irish and the ancient Celts that preceded them, three was a sacred number that infused ancient spiritual theory. Representing the triplicities of life and nature, the triskele, triple spiral, triquetra, and trinity knot are staples of Celtic art and knotwork.
On a more practical level, clover was prolific, which indicated security and fecundity to the ancient Celts, as well as being a substantial food source for local cattle, which associated it with abundance and provision.
The Shamrock is closely associated with St. Patrick based on a legend which credits him for using the shamrock as a visual representation of the Holy Trinity during his travels through Ireland, as he taught the Celts about Christianity in the 5th Century. As tenacious as that legend is, there are no references to it in ancient Irish manuscripts, which leads us to suspect that it may be pure myth.
Nevertheless, there is a strong connection between the three leaves of the shamrock and the trinity concepts in Christianity. Father, Son, and Holy Ghost are the most common representations, but there is also a parallel with the three theological virtues found in first Corinthians 13:13: Faith, Love, and Hope.
Lucky, lucky, lucky
Finally, no discussion of the shamrock would be complete without mentioning the four-leaf clover, widely considered a symbol of good luck because of its rarity. The appearance of the four-leaf clover is, in fact, a natural mistake, occurring due to mutation in an otherwise healthy clover plant—but the lure of superstition is strong, and the four lucky characteristics it is said to represent (fame, wealth, love, and health) are siren songs many of us cannot ignore.
Show off your roots!
Peter Stone celebrates the shamrock in Irish culture and history, and encourages you to honor your heritage as St. Patrick’s day approaches. Regardless of whether you’re honoring the Holy Trinity, the ancient Celtic concept of triplicity in the natural world, or hoping to invoke a little of the luck o’ the Irish… Peter Stone’s stunning sterling silver Shamrock jewelry is the perfect way to show off your Irish roots!


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Civil asset forfeiture has long been a favorite issue addressed at Estate of Denial®. With that, we were glad to see PolicyMic.com feature a post on this topic, a post specifically highlighting property rights abuses here in Texas.
This description of Tarrant County forfeitures was of particular interest:
The District Attorney’s office in Texas’ Tarrant County seized $3.5 million along with 246 cars and 440 computers in fiscal year 2013, according to an investigation by the Fort Worth Star-Telegram. Of this, $843,636 went to salaries for the office’s 16 employees. The county’s narcotics unit also seized $666,427 in cash, with $426,058 going to salaries.
Such forfeitures can happen before Texans are convicted, or even before they’re charged. Participants in a low-level drug ring at Texas Christian University — students who were selling pills and marijuana — had their cash, cars, cell phones and laptops seized by police before formal charges were filed. Police took more than $300,000 worth of cash and property; none of the students received anything worse than probation when the actual convictions came down.
EoD’s recent Civil Asset Forfeiture: ‘Policing for Profit’ on taxpayers backs column discussed a Texas Public Policy Foundation report, Taking Contraband Without Taking Our Liberties: Civil Asset Forfeiture Reform in Texas, which identifies Texas amongst the nation’s worst when it comes to protecting its citizens from such abuses.
The PolicyMic post notes that states are under increasing pressure to reform forfeiture laws. The TPPF report also includes commonsense reforms “easily attainable through simple procedural adjustments” that include:
- Reverting the burden of proof to the state.
- Elevating the standard of evidence sufficiency to trigger forfeiture.
- Abolish the practice entirely.
- Require the Texas Attorney General to approve equitable sharing payments.
- Establish a common pool for holding forfeiture funds.
Reality, however, provides the sticking point. It’s not the reform that will be the problem. It’s the will.
With some helpful measures relatively attainable, the question becomes that as state and local agencies increasingly use these funds to supplement their budgets, might the political will for such reforms not be the real challenge?


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In connection to being a popular breed, the Golden Retriever is also docile and friendly to other pets and people even with kids. But, being a dog, the Golden Retriever still has a natural urge to bite. And as retrieving game birds through their mouths runs in their blood, biting naturally comes out as Goldies natural instincts. Because of this, the Golden Retriever biting problems tend to be the main concern.
Luckily, the Golden Retriever does not bite too hard. From the scale of 1 to 10, the probability of the Golden Retriever to bite gears toward zero. Actually, the biting probability of the Goldies is around 2. Since they have a very loving behavior, an attack from the Golden Retriever may not be generally expected. To understand this natural behavior of this breed, let us explore the Golden Retriever biting problems, the cause behind it and how to handle it.
Reasons behind Golden Retriever Biting Problems
Originally, the job of the Golden Retriever was to retrieve game birds from the waters and even on the hills. Because of this, they tend to be fond of swimming and become extremely energetic that requires them to demand lots of exercises every day. Being a hunting dog, Golden Retriever has a natural retrieving instinct having them a potential to bite on hands, objects and anything around.
Moreover, because the Golden Retriever is known for their being friendly and subtle, it is generally surprising if you found them biting people. We already stated that the issue of biting is due to their natural instincts, there are still other factors that lead to these behavioral problems of the Goldies.
In case you become a victim of biting by the Goldies, the reasons could be one of the following:
1. The natural impulse for biting
Biting is a behavior that naturally comes out from any species under the Canis familiaris. The biting of the Goldies is generally one of their inner qualities as a dog.
2. As a response to stress or fear
One of the reasons behind the biting behavior is, again, their natural instinct to respond on stressors around them. Actually, this behavior of the Goldies is a threat for wild animals or strangers.
3. An indication of pain
In case, the Golden Retriever experience pain on a certain spot on his body and you accidentally touch it, you might be a victim of the Golden Retriever biting problems. For once, this reaction comes out from their natural instinct to show pain.
4. Experience abuse or trauma
This reason for the Golden Retriever biting problems applies generally true for most adopted dogs. A traumatic experience in their past may trigger them to react negatively by biting.
Handling the Golden Retriever Biting Problems
Here are the ways to properly handle the Golden Retriever biting problems:
Understand the reason behind the Golden Retriever biting problems
In case the Golden Retriever biting problems occur, try to analyze the things that trigger the dog in doing it. Once you already know it, it becomes easy for you to solve this canine’s natural behavior.
Train the dog properly
Regardless of the training process, it is generally important to let the dog learn some lessons about biting. Home-training or training on a dog institute is the best options for training them properly.
Punish and reward
The most effective strategy in dealing with the biting issue of the Goldies is to punish them gently for doing the act. But, if they behave well, it is better to give them a reward for the good attitudes that they exhibit. Moreover, if you punish them, make it gently and lesser while giving a tremendous and frequent reward.
Manage the stubbornness of the Golden Retriever
Another factor that may trigger the Golden Retriever biting problems is their stubbornness. Moreover, proper training is also required to control the stubborn behavior of the dog. Train the dog in a manner that they do not think of biting as a choice.
Involve your family and friends
Having a plan on addressing this dog’s behavior, it is generally better to make your family and friends involved with the plan.
The Golden Retriever has a subtle and humble attitude but it still has issues regarding the Golden Retriever biting problems. In order to address this, you really need to dig in the root of the problem. By doing so, you would easily address it with the appropriate strategies and proper training. Moreover, you will be definitely sure that the Golden Retriever can deal with these biting issues.

domain: pet


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I provide a full spectrum of professional, quality piano services and have extensive experience with pianos from virtually all manufacturers.
Musicians of all levels can be assured of getting the best performance from their piano by procuring the regular care of a professionally trained technician with intimate understanding of its overall construction and the function of each component part that make these remarkably complex instruments the truly magical creations they are.
Tuning: You’ll receive the highest quality piano tuning available anywhere.
The result of a highly trained ear, infinite patience and a musician’s sensitivity.
Regulation: Optimize the performance of your piano’s action/keyboard to get consistent feel and response from every key.
Voicing: Make every note count! Get the best tone possible from your piano.
Repairs: Don’t let broken strings and action parts ruin your piano playing experience. Most problems can be quickly and easily remedied. Let me help.
Restoration: We have the technology to rebuild it, to make it better.
Parts & Accessories: I can help you find anything you need for your piano.
Contact me for an appointment or more information.

domain: hobby


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MEEMIC files subrogation action; claim dismissed for lack of proof and failure to preserve evidence
A MEEMIC insured suffered a house fire and complete loss of her home and 3 vehicles. MEEMIC paid at least partial coverage for the loss and then sued Detroit Edison, claiming that it was responsible for the fire. The undisputed evidence showed that the fire started while power was out to the neighborhood. MEEMIC claimed, however, that its insured was served by a separate transformer.The Court noted that this claim of "exception" to the neighborhood power outage was apparently based on MEEMIC's misunderstanding of the fact that a transformer doesn't generate power, but merely changes the voltage. Therefore, MEEMIC had not rebutted the experts' documentation of a lack of power to the insured home.
The Court also noted that MEEMIC had failed to preserve the transformer for Edison to inspect. It did not sanction MEEMIC for the latter failure, however, since all experts agreed that with no power to the transformer, it's condition was irrelevant and there could be no claim against Edison.


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During our normal working hours we are operating a telephone triage support service. The government has directed dental practices in England to limit this to appropriate advice, pain relief or prescribed medicines. For further support in the event of a dental emergency please call 01527304052
Outside of working hours, please call 111 for further assistance.
Please only call the practice if you feel you have a dental emergency or severe and uncontrollable pain.
If you have received an automated reminder for a routine dental examination there is no need to contact the practice. When the practice returns to normal operation, you can proceed to make suitable arrangements and new reminders will also be delivered at a later point.
Please do not call the surgery for routine or general dental advice. If you have any concerns about ongoing treatment that has been temporarily paused due to COVID19 outbreak, please be assured we will be seeking to resume all treatments once we return to operation. For all General Enquiries please email the practice or send message via WhatsApp

domain: medical


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Crocked Sturridge gutted about injury recurrence…
Jordan Henderson has told supporters that Daniel Sturridge is in a bad place right now after aggravating his thigh problem, reports ESPN.
Sturridge himself, having littered social media with positive messages about his planned comeback versus Crystal Palace this weekend, has not spoken since the recurrence of the injury on Monday.
“It is a big blow, not only for the team but for him as well,” Henderson began.
“He is devastated, at a really low point really because he was looking forward to getting back playing. He felt good so it is disappointing for us as a team and him personally.”
Having now re-injured the same thigh twice and missed two scheduled comeback matches, it’s no wonder that Sturridge is feeling so bad right now.
Virtually his entire season has so far been ruined, and he isn’t likely to play again until after Christmas.
Fans are probably feeling as low as he is, having (perhaps over-ambitiously) pinned hopes of a recovery in form on his shoulders.
In his absence, the likes of Fabio Borini, Mario Balotelli and Rickie Lambert simply have to start scoring Premier League goals.


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Good evening and a very happy 2020!
First of all I'm sorry there have not been any new posts since June.
I've been very busy writing plenty of (mostly unfinished) new blogs and rewriting some of the older blogs to bring them up to date.
I've also been organising the 1000s of photographs in my collection which I hope to be sharing here in the future.
In addition, having listened to some of your comments I've decided that the look of the blog needs a bit of a "Freshen Up" after 10 years.
While this is happening some of the older posts may look a bit weird as I go through fixing them up (there are over 100 to fix so bear with me).
I hope you enjoy the fresh new look and find it easier on the eye.
For now, enjoy this February 1963 photo of the Beatles on Ranelagh Street opposite Central Station taken by Michael Ward, and a 1963/2019 composite by Keith Jones.
Madryn Street, Dingle, Liverpool 8 We've always been ordinary, poor, working-class on both sides of the family. My mother's ...
The inspiration for this latest blog is a superb book I received for Christmas - John and Yoko / Plastic Ono Band, a near 300 page hardback...
Clatterbridge Hospital Clatterbridge Health Park Clatterbridge Road Bebington Wirral, CH63 4JY Clatterbridge Cancer Center had its origins ...
W.W. Abba 85 Woolton Road Liverpool L19 6PL At Woolton village fete I met him. I was a fat schoolboy and, as he leaned an ...
Following the positive reception to my recent post John Lennon: A Childhood in Photographs I thought I'd try something similar with all ...
147 Dinas Lane, Huyton, Liverpool, L36 2JZ 'John, Paul, George, and Dennis' (Mike McCartney) ‘I find lost photos and drawings all th...


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Storage Buildings are a kind of building which are used to store or teleport items, tools, and food. Storage buildings are useful in breaking up production chains into small manageable steps, providing a buffer for temporary consumption increases, and preventing workerbots from generating towers of resources on the map (if they are instructed to stop generating items when storage is full).
Most individual storage buildings hold 100 items of a specific type. The limit per building is 10 instead of 100 for the following:
Seedling Trays hold 150 seedlings each.
All storage buildings for the same resource are connected: they share a common pool of resources with capacity equal to the total capacity of all units, and items placed into one storage unit may be freely extracted from any other unit on the map. Thus, production and consumption of any resource can be done at great distances apart, and spare storage can be located anywhere.
Note that storage buildings may not have this functionality in future versions.
Storage Building Types Edit
The following are the different kinds of storage buildings:
Loss of Associated Data Edit
When in a storage container, items lose all data associated with them, including how much a tool has been used (resetting its durability to full) and programming instructions for workerbots and data storage.
Demolishing storage buildings never destroys items; you can always access all stored items from any of the remaining storage buildings of the same type (even if storage is over its capacity).
When Autonauts was originally released, storage buildings held 1000 items instead of merely 100. This changed as of Version 5 ("Drew") when the storage limits were lowered to what is currently in the game.
|Wall / Floor Buildings|


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Wooden curved chaise longue upholstered in Beige woven textured fabric. Wooden base lacquered in satin light grey.
FI099 Light grey lacquer; satin finishM102585 Beige woven textured fabric
All products are available in a wide variety of materials and finishes. For more options please enquire about this product and we will be more than happy to assist you.
We will contact you within the next 24 hours.


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- 3 min read
India to play a larger role in globalisation in coming decades
India has emerged as a bright spot on the global map and the world is looking at India with a big hope. While the lead economic indicators are showcasing remarkable improvement, the recent study also shows that India will be an integral part of globalisation in the coming decades.
India is the world's ninth-largest economy based on the breadth of its merchandise trade, The DHL Global Connectedness Report 2024, a collaborative effort between DHL and New York University's Stern School of Business.
The report places India at the 62nd rank out of 181 economies, considering global flows of trade, capital, information, and people in 2022. The country's rank is attributed to the geographic reach of its international flows, placing 16th in breadth, and the size of its international flows relative to domestic activity, ranking 161st in depth. Remarkably, India ranks 9th worldwide concerning the breadth of its merchandise trade, showcasing the global reach of its exports and imports.
The report emphasises that India is the largest partner for combined trade, capital, information, and people flows for 10 countries, including the United Arab Emirates and Bangladesh. Additionally, India ranks among the top 10 largest partners for the combined flows of 60 countries. With India's ongoing growth, the report anticipates the nation becoming a key partner for an expanding circle of countries, bringing promise for both global reach and domestic economic development.
The report suggests that trade growth has played a pivotal role in enhancing global connectedness. It notes that the share of global output traded internationally rebounded to a record high level in 2022. Although there was a slowdown in trade growth in 2023, the forecast predicts an acceleration in 2024. Information flows' globalisation has been robust over the past two decades, with corporate globalisation rising as companies expand their international presence and increase sales abroad.
Singapore secured the top spot in global connectedness, followed by the Netherlands and Ireland. Notably, 143 countries experienced an increase in global connectedness, while only 38 witnessed a decline. Europe emerges as the world's most globally connected region, trailed by North America and the Middle East & North Africa.
The report also sheds light on diminishing US-China ties, with both countries' flows involving each other decreasing by about one-quarter since 2016. However, the analysis affirms that both countries remain significantly connected, surpassing almost any other pair of countries. The study further highlights the unprecedented drop in connectedness for Russia, resulting from its decoupling from Europe.
Contrary to speculations about a global shift from globalisation to regionalisation, the report asserts that such trends are not evident in international flow patterns. Most international flows are observed over stable or longer distances, with a declining share taking place inside major geographic regions. Notably, North America is the only region showing a clear shift towards more regionalised trade patterns.
It emphasized that deglobalisation is still a potential risk rather than a current reality. He urged recognition of the resilience of global flows and cautioned against a myopic focus on threats to globalisation, which could inadvertently fuel deglobalisation.
The DHL Global Connectedness Report, published since 2011, serves as a vital monitor of global movements involving trade, capital, information, and people.
(Editor's Note is a column written by Amol Dethe, Editor, ET CFO. Click here to read more of his articles exploring several buzzing topics.)