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Get flash to fully experience Pearltrees
After a worldwide outage left many BlackBerry customers without e-mail, IM, and Web browsing from Monday to Thursday last week, Research In Motion today unveiled its peace offering to customers : $100 worth of free apps to subscribers and one month of free technical support for enterprise customers. While the free software and services are nice gestures, the outage, which RIM acknowledged was the worst in its history, seems symbolic of the company’s slow downfall. RIM’s troubles are such that free copies of Bejeweled and The Sims 3 won’t be enough to restore the company to its former glory, to say nothing of assuaging fears that the company could have more outages down the road. In the cost/benefit analysis of going all in with RIM (and that's part of the problem, it's an all-in proposition), RIM has given IT shops plenty of reason to second- and third-guess. RIM’s biggest problem is it is being left in the dust by the consumerization of IT .
In an statement today, Vic Alboini of Jaguar Financial, an investor in RIM, said that the company should consider all options to boost investor’s returns, including selling off the company or its patents, reports Jim Dalrymple of The Loop . “The status quo is not acceptable, the Company cannot sit still,” said Alboini. “It is time for transformational change.
Chris Ratcliffe/Bloomberg News RIM, the maker of the BlackBerry, has struggled against the Apple iPhone and handsets using Google’s Android operating system. Adding to its problems, the company also reduced its outlook for the second time this year, sending its stock sharply lower in after-hours trading. The company that effectively invented the smartphone market has been battered in its home turf by the Apple and handsets using Google’s operating system. In addition, its answer to Apple’s enormously popular tablet, the BlackBerry PlayBook , was introduced this spring with software flaws and without several features.
Digitimes , the Chinese trade publication capable of drawing comments from every industry source close to the worlds largest smartphone manufacturers, is at it again suggesting that RIM will ship more than one million of its BlackBerry Playbook tablets in the first quarter of 2011. It suggests that shipments could mirror those of Motorola, when it launches its Xoom tablet. Reports suggest that the company has already placed 800,000 orders for its Android 3.0-powered device. RIM’s BlackBerry Playbook will debut in March, initially launching with a Wi-Fi-only model before it starts shipping a 3G-enabled tablet in the second quarter.
RIM Details BlackBerry Enterprise Server (BES) 5.0.3 Features; Launch "Very, Very Soon" | CIO - Blogs and DiscussionBlackBerry-maker Research In Motion (RIM) on Thursday officially announced details of its upcoming BlackBerry Enterprise Server update, BES v5.0 Service Pack 3, aka, BES 5.0.3, and the new enterprise software should be available "very, very soon," according to RIM's Pete Devenyi, VP, Communications Platform Group. RIM Slide With Info on BlackBerry Balance Speaking at a Business on BlackBerry press and analyst event in Boston, Devenyi said BES 5.0.3 will be available in early 2011. And the RIM VP also announced details on BES 5.0.3.
Canadian smartphone manufacturer RIM has announced that it has provided solutions that will give Indian security agencies access to the popular messaging and email services used by BlackBerry smartphone owners in the country. RIM also said that corporate email services remained unavailable to authorities, due to the fact the service incorporates a strict encryption algorithm that the company is not able to access, let alone provide access to a third-party. Updating its customers, RIM stated: “The lawful access capability now available to RIM’s carrier partners meets the standard required by the government of India for all consumer messaging services offered in the Indian marketplace.”
Android sales continue to erode RIM's once-dominant position on the biggest U.S. carrier. And with the lackluster reception of Blackberry 6 and an uncertain migration to their new QNX OS, 2011 isn't looking like a banner year for RIM. It must have been interesting to be in Verizon Wireless's C-Suite during the first month of Android sales last year. Up until that point, Blackberry ( RIMM ) all but owned Verizon's smartphone business. But AT&T ( T ) was seeing incredible success with the iPhone and Blackberries weren't going to cut it for competing with Apple's ( AAPL ) runaway success. If Verizon ( VZ ) was going to continue to be competitive in the smartphone industry, it would have to do something significant.
As Research In Motion waits for its PlayBook tablet to counter incursions onto its enterprise turf by Apple's iPhone and iPad gadgets, some of RIM's enterprise sales force have apparently decided not to wait--they've defected to the competition. Stuart Weinberg of The Wall Street Journal did a little sniffing around on LinkedIn and discovered that in the last year and a half, at least five members of RIM's enterprise sales team have jumped ship and joined Steve Jobs and Co. Those onetime Researchers In Motion are:
Research in Motion still has a few months before it launches PlayBook , its entry in the hot tablet market, and the company showed it’s prepared to compete by announcing Thursday it has bought Swedish design firm, The Astonishing Tribe . TAT is a well-known UI team respected for its take on mobile screens. TAT said its concepts and software are in almost half a billion devices and cars ,and in 15 percent of all mobile phones. RIM said it will be using TAT’s design expertise on the PlayBook and smartphone platforms. Both companies blogged about the purchase, with TAT saying it will honor its current agreements and will service existing customers.
The move would instantly allow the PlayBook to have access to Android's library of 100,000+ apps. PlayBook via RIM Gleacher & Company analyst Mark McKechnie, in a note to clients today said that RIM ( RIMM ) may be building into its QNX-powered PlayBook tablet the ability to run Google's ( GOOG ) Android Apps. Our checks suggest RIMM is planning to offer Android apps compatibility which would be a HUGE win IF it worked properly. We are skeptical, however, as even if the API's are made similar or a porting program is made available, an Android application on top of a non-native QNX platform would face compatibility issues and ultimately run less efficient.


NASA seems closer than ever to finding evidence of life on the red planet. In the past year alone, they’ve discovered evidence of flowing water on Mars and proof it once had an Earth-like atmosphere. And these discoveries are just the beginning: NASA continues to analyze data from current missions even as it prepares for new ones.
Though Martian life remains hypothetical, scientists have an incredibly clear idea what they’re looking for. (Hint: it’s not little green men.) And, as NASA astrobiologist David Des Marais explains in this video, the search for aliens could end up revealing surprising clues to our own existence.


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Lionel Richie — American Musician born on June 20, 1949,
Lionel Brockman Richie, Jr. is an American singer, songwriter, musician, record producer and actor. Beginning in 1968, he was a member of the musical group Commodores signed to Motown Records. Richie made his solo debut in 1982 with the album Lionel Richie and the number-one hit "Truly". He has sold more than 100 million records worldwide, making him one of the world's best-selling artists of all time... (wikipedia)
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Prasad Dhumal, National IS Manager, DHL, gives us his opinion on Steven Feinberg's latest offering, The Advantage-Makers, which presents some of the key tactics of advantage makers, including shifting to a commanding vantage point, adaptive stretchin
Find latest and upcoming tech gadgets online on Tech2 Gadgets. Get technology news, gadgets reviews & ratings. Popular gadgets including laptop, tablet and mobile specifications, features, prices, comparison.
Ford is planning to build a electric minivan in collaboration with German logistics firm Deutsche Post DHL
Ford is considering building the electric Streetscooter minivan developed by German logistics firm Deutsche Post DHL Group.


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| Aug 19, 2013
| 9:11 AM
Looking back at the weekend in motor racing -- including the NASCAR race in Michigan, NHRA drag racing in Minnesota and the motocross event in Utah -- five things come to mind:
1. Clint Bowyer keeps rolling. The headlines naturally went to Joey Logano...
| Aug 16, 2013
| 11:06 PM
Soccer--Premier League, Stoke City at Liverpool, 6:40 a.m. (NBCSN); Premier League, teams to be announced, 8:55 a.m. (NBCSN); Premier League, Manchester United at Swansea City, 11:30 a.m. (NBC); MLS, Philadelphia at New York,...
| Aug 17, 2013
| 10:14 PM
8:25 a.m. Soccer: English Premier League: Crystal Palace vs. Tottenham.--NBCSN
9 a.m. Talk: Sports Highlights (d.; episode 227, on Cox cable 47 in Newport News and Verizon FiOs 17).--NNPS
10 a.m. Baseball: Junior League World Series final (d.).--...
| Aug 17, 2013
| 10:07 PM
Soccer--Premier League, Crystal Palace vs. Tottenham, 7:25 a.m. (NBCSN); Premier League, Hull at Chelsea, 9:55 a.m. (NBCSN)
Motosports--MotoGP Moto3, 10 a.m. (FS1); Moto GP Moto2, 11a.m. (FS1); MotoGP World Championship, 1 p.m....
| Aug 8, 2013
| 7:53 AM
The high-flying, dirt-churning world of professional short course off-road truck racing – aka the Traxxas TORC Series, presented by AMSOIL – returns to RedBud MX for two days of racing action this Aug. 10-11. “America’s Motocross...
| Aug 3, 2013
| 10:35 PM
That steady, low rumble you hear is a long string of motorcycles heading west.
It happens every August as Sturgis, which for 50 or so weeks of the year is a largely sleepy town of about 6,700 residents, gears up (so to speak) to welcome hundreds of...
| Jul 27, 2013
| 1:46 PM
Tucked between Towson's York and Joppa roads, among four-square and hopscotch courts, Immaculate Conception School's parking lots teem with parents in station wagons and minivans awaiting their clamoring children Fridays after dismissal.
In the late...
| Jul 12, 2013
| 10:28 PM
7:30 a.m. Motorsports: MotoGP World Championship: German Grand Prix(in Hohenstein).--Speed
8 a.m. Cycling: Tour de France stage 15(Givors to Mont Ventoux).--NBC Sports Net.
9 a.m. Talk: Sports Highlights (d.; on Cox cable 47 and Verizon FiOs 17...
| Jul 5, 2013
| 3:37 PM
X Games fans will recognize a snowmobile star on RedBud's dirt track in Buchanan this weekend.
Tucker Hibbert is part of a talented motocross field as the Lucas Oil Pro National MX Series returns to Michigan for the 40th annual Red Bull RedBud...
| Jul 6, 2013
| 9:04 PM
The winner’s podium at the 40th annual RedBud Nationals featured the cream of the crop, as series points leaders dominated the action in Buchanan on Saturday.
In the 450 Class, Ryan Villopoto used a sweep of both Motos to grab his fourth overall...
| Jul 7, 2013
| 4:10 AM
Many of the people in line at the Air National Guard Mobile Experience didn't quite look like typical military recruits. Set-up amid other vendors and demonstrations on the grounds of Red Bud Motocross in Buchanan during Saturday's motocross event, shaggy...

domain: news


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An Edinburgh flight bound for the USA has declared a mid air emergency before diverting to Ireland. The United Airlines Flight #UAL37 destined for Newark is currently diverting to Shannon Airport and reported to have now landed safely.
The flight took off from the capital at 9.40 this morning before landing safely at Shannon Airport at around 12.20 and has now been cancelled.
The US bound flight announced the 'general emergency' at 11.30, squawking a 7700 before rerouting to Shannon the nearest airport. Luckily the incident took place before the plane got across to the mid Atlantic.
A spokesperson for United Airlines said: “Our team at Shannon Airport is providing assistance to customers of United flight 37 (Edinburgh-New York/Newark) today which diverted to Shannon Airport to address a technical issue. The aircraft landed safely at 12:13 pm (local time).
Sign up for Edinburgh Live newslettersfor more headlines straight to your inbox
"Our maintenance team is currently inspecting the aircraft which is currently scheduled to depart from Shannon for New York/Newark at 2:00 pm (local time) today. We apologize to our customers for the inconvenience caused.”
A spokesperson for Shannon Group confirmed that a transatlantic passenger jet en route from Edinburgh to Newark, New Jersey in the US, diverted to Shannon Airport today after the crew declared a technical emergency shortly after taking off from Edinburgh Airport.
"Emergency procedures were put in place on the ground at Shannon, with the airport's Fire and Rescue service along with Clare County Council Fire Service, Health Service Executive Ambulances and An Garda Siochana mobilised as part of the emergency activation plan for the airport.
"United Airlines flight UA-37, a Boeing 767-400 (ER) aircraft, landed safely at Shannon at 12.05pm."
- Edinburgh property: Inside the 'spectacular' 6 bed home for sale for £1.7 million
- Edinburgh Festival Fringe: Hotels that are top rated and best value according to TripAdvisor
- Martin Lewis gives urgent energy advice ahead of bills soaring again in October
- Rules for leaving children home alone during summer holidays shared by expert
- Asda urgently recall popular food product due to 'possible health risk'

domain: travel


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ⓘ Find out the latest updates in Cryptocurrency News Feed with our algorithm that collects the most important news for you.


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|‹ 2028 2036|
|United States presidential election, 2032|
|November 6, 2032|
|Nominee||Michelle Obama||Jon Huntsman|
|Running mate||Julian Castro||Alek
|States carried||25 + DC||26|
|Percentage||50, 7%||48, 3%|
The 2032 US presidential election is scheduled on November 6th 2032. It was the 62nd consecutive quadrennial United States presidential election. The incumbent president, Jeb Bush, is ineligible to be elected for a third term due to term limits in the Twenty-second amendment to the United States Constitution. This is between the Republican presidential candidate Jon Huntsman, governor of Utah, and Michelle Obama, senator of Illinois and wife of former president Barack Obama.
Republican presidential primaries:
- Jon Huntsman, governor of Utah from 2005 to 2009, US ambassador in China from 2009 to 2011
- Paul Ryan, 2012 vice-presidential nominee; U.S. Representative from Wisconsin since 1999
- Rand Paul, senator of Kentucky since 2010
- David Perry Business Man los angeles CA
Eight years after his loss to Jeb Bush in second position during the 2024 Republican primaries, Jon Huntsman makes a new run for president. His opponents are Paul Ryan, former vice-presidential nominee in 2012 and Representative of Wisconsin, and Rand Paul, senator of Kentucky. With his past of US ambassador, Huntsman puts foward his experience in foreign policy and his strong leadership. Paul Ryan proves to be a formidable opponent with his experience in budget and his past as vice-presidential nominee twenty years ago. Ryan attacks Huntsman of missing conservative faith and being too moderate. Huntsman attacks Ryan for being the running mate of a losing presidential candidate. This allows Huntsman to win the Republican presidential nomination. By the fact that his Democratic opponent Michelle Obama is a women and that her running mate Julian Castro is Hispanic, Huntsman chooses Susana Martinez, governor of New Mexico, as his running mate because she's a woman and a Hispanic.
Jon Huntsman: 37 states, 1632 delegates, 54% of the popular vote
Paul Ryan: 14 states, 573 delegates, 35% of the popular vote
Rand Paul: 0 state, 85 delegates, 11% of the popular vote
Democratic presidential primaries:
- Michelle Obama, First Lady from 2009 to 2017, senator of Illinois since 2026
- Julian Castro, Mayor of San Antonio since 2009
- Martin O'Malley, governor of Maryland since 2007
The two main candidates for the Democratic nomination are Michelle Obama, senator of Illinois and former First Lady and Julian Castro, mayor of San Antonio. The race is very competitive because Michelle Obama is the wife of former president Barack Obama and she's popular among women and African-Americans and Julian Castro is popular among Hispanics. Obama narrowly wins the nomination with 33 states, 1261 delegates and 49% of the popular vote over Castro with 18 states, 1017 delegates and 48% of the popular vote. Obama tooks Castro as her running mate.
Michelle Obama: 33 states + DC, 1261 delegates, 49% of the popular vote
Julian Castro: 18 states, 1017 delegates, 48% of the popular vote
Martin O'Malley: 0 state, 8 delegates, 3% of the popular vote
The polls between Obama and Huntsman are very tied. Obama is popular among African-Americans voters, women and liberals. Huntsman is popular among Asian American voters, conservatives and moderates. On November 6th 2032, Michelle Obama wins the election with 327 electors, 25 states and 50, 7% of the popular vote against 218 electors, 26 states and 48,3% of the popular vote. Obama is inaugurated as the 47th president of the United States of America on January 20th 2033. She becomes the first woman and the second African-American (after her husband Barack Obama) at this post.


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This Independent Study observed a baseball team from a small Liberal Arts college in the Mideast region of the United States. Ethnography was performed on this culture during the fall season to understand what types of Nonverbal Communication were used in a baseball setting. Personal Narrative was also used along with ethnography to give a better understanding of the nonverbal communication that was occurring. Seven players within the culture of baseball were interviewed to gain an insider's perspective of the baseball culture that they were apart of. Five types of nonverbal communication were studied including: haptics, proxemics, kinesics, appearance, and facial expressions/eye movement. The common themes of the interview, along with the observations were explained by the author's personal narrative within the culture of baseball that he is a part of.
Meinzer, Colin, "Analysis of Nonverbal Communication That Occurs Within the Organizational Culture of America's Pasttime" (2012). Senior Independent Study Theses. Paper 982.
Critical and Cultural Studies | Interpersonal and Small Group Communication
baseball, nonverbal communication, organizational groups, organizaitonal communication, sport communication
Bachelor of Arts
Senior Independent Study Thesis
© Copyright 2012 Colin Meinzer

domain: sociology


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Bulgaria's real GDP, which contracted in 2009 and grew by an estimated 0.1% in 2010, is forecast to expand with an annual average growth of around 3.8% in 2011-15, according to the latest report of the Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU).
This year real GDP is expected to grow by 2.6%.
Annual inflation is forecast to increase to 3.3% in 2011 from an estimated 2.4% in 2010, before averaging around 3% in 2011-15, says the January Country report Updater for Bulgaria by The Economist's analytical unit.
In October the consolidated general government budget recorded a significant deficit, of Lv385m (US0m), which pushed up the accumulated deficit for the first ten months to Lv1.9bn (US.3bn), or 2.5% of estimated 2010 GDP.
Nevertheless, the CEDB is highly unlikely to breach its 2010 deficit target of 4.6% of GDP, the analysts say.
They expect that after narrowing dramatically in 2009-10, the current-account deficit will widen modestly in 2011-15.
Given Bulgaria's high level of external debt, as well as risks of fallout from the Greek crisis, there is a small possibility of Bulgaria requiring external assistance from the IMF and the EU, according to the analysts.
Vexed credit conditions will continue to constrain private consumption and capital spending, they say.
In the report, it is noted that after a resounding victory in the election in July 2009, Citizens for European Development of Bulgaria (CEDB) rules alone, despite the absence of a majority in parliament.
According to EIU increasing criticism from the Blue Coalition may make the CEDB reliant on the nationalist Ataka party for passing legislation in parliament.
The EU will demand more tangible results in the fight against corruption and organized crime.


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A freshly-elected regional council was sworn in Wednesday night, and new and returning faces took their seats in the chamber.
Out of eight Waterloo region councilors, six will be new to the role.
That includes includes Colleen James, Kari Williams and Robert Deutschmann representing Kitchener, Doug Craig and Pam Wolf for Cambridge and Chantal Huinink for Waterloo.
There are a few familiar faces as well, including Karen Redman who returns for her second term as chair along with incumbent councillors Michael Harris and Jim Erb.
During the meeting, councilors were officially appointed to the region’s standing committees. Coun. Harris will serve as chair of administration and finance, Coun. Erb will serve as chair of community and health services committee and Coun. James will serve as chair of planning and works committee. Members of Council and citizens were also appointed to various committees and boards, including Waterloo Regional Police Services Board, …


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Separate names with a comma.
Discussion in 'Preparedness & Survival' started by cityrice, Mar 3, 2014.
Three-year pizza to join US Army MRE delicacies
Yeah I'll let someone else try it first, I vividly remember the first time I had the "ham slice"
Eh, I'm bummed I havn't been able to get any more of the jalapeno cheese spread. Generally the cheese containing products don't last as long. I'm still a huge fan of the beef enchilada. The one I never liked was the vegetarian pasta... don't remember exactly what it was, but it was pasta oil and bell peppers. It might not have been so bad without the peppers, but ugh boring and crappy.
I still missed Pork in rice with BBQ sauce
I heard the R&D on the pizzas was at Pizza Hut and it's a regular menu item...

domain: food


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Women’s FA Cup: Thunder Queens secure semis spot ahead of Berry Ladies
After edging out Berry Ladies in the quarter-final of this season’s Women’s FA Cup, Thunder Queens, over the weekend, secured one of the available four spots for the semi-final of this season’s competition.
In what was a keenly contested encounter, Thunder Queens emerged as the victors thanks to the solitary goal Herodia Donkor scored in extra time.
The defeat will come as a blow to Berrry Ladies who were unable to book a place into the finals of the championship after coming second behind Hasaacas Ladies in the southern zone.
Thunder Queens are expected to face off with Ampem Darkoa who also defeated Immigration Ladies in their quarter-final, with goals from Ophelia Serwaa Amponsah and Priscilla Okyere.
The other two spots have been taken by Hasaacas Ladies and Supreme Ladies who won their respective games.
Hasaacas Ladies defeated Northern Ladies 2-0 while their semi-final opponent, Supreme Ladies, won 2-1 against Prisons Ladies.
The date for the semis is yet to be announced.
Ampem Darkoa Ladies vs ThunderQueens
Hasaacas Ladies vs Supreme Ladies

domain: sports


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Porcelain Petal Hoops
Simple yet stunning, porcelain is hand-formed into delicate petals and paired with 14k gold-filled wire hoops for the perfect statement earring. Lightweight and easy to wear.
Dimensions: Approximately 2" long; 1" wide.
Care: Clay piece may be cleaned with soapy water and a soft cloth.
Made in United States of America

domain: design


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Sorry, we can't find the movie trailer you're looking for.
Either a trailer for this movie has not been released yet, or it
was removed following a request from the copyright holder.
Find more trailers
International Releases Dates
14 November 1986
Popular movie trailers from 1986
These some of the most viewed trailers for movies released in 1986:
07 August 1986
The film's name comes from the song "Stand By Me" by Ben E. King from 1961. The song was also the theme song.
30 September 1986
In Acapulco, Hercule Poirot attends a dinner party in which one of the guests clutches his throat and suddenly dies.
12 December 1986
The pupils at a high school next to a nuclear power plant start acting and looking strange after buying contaminated drugs from a plant worker.
19 December 1986
Seymour Krelborn is a nerdy orphan working at Mushnik's, a flower shop in urban Skid Row. He harbors a crush on fellow co-worker Audrey Fulquard, and is berated by Mr.
02 August 1986
The orphan Sheeta inherited a mysterious crystal that links her to the mythical sky-kingdom of Laputa.
21 March 1986
A tough-on-crime street cop must protect the only surviving witness to a strange murderous cult with far reaching plans.
11 June 1986
Charismatic teen Ferris Bueller plays hooky in Chicago with his girlfriend and best friend.
02 July 1986
In Victorian London, England, a little mouse girl's toymaker father is abducted by a peg-legged bat. She enlists the aid of Basil of Baker Street, the rodent world's answer to Sherlock Holmes.
24 September 1986
In this adaptation of Umberto Eco's best-selling novel, 14th-century Franciscan monk William of Baskerville and his young novice arrive at a conference to find that several monks have been murdered under mysterious circumstances.
07 February 1986
A movies special effects man is hired by a government agency to help stage the assassination of a well known gangster.
18 December 1986
As a young and naive recruit in Vietnam, Chris Taylor faces a moral crisis when confronted with the horrors of war and the duality of man.
23 May 1986
The Freeling family move in with Diane's mother in an effort to escape the trauma and aftermath of Carol Anne's abduction by the Beast.
Have you watched Aisa Pyaar Kahan yet? What did you think about it?

domain: artistic


text:
Autumn Flowers Font
Download Autumn Flowers Font / typeface for free
Designed by Miftaharzaq
Download Autumn Flowers Font for free. Autumn Flowers Font is a font / typeface offered for free by Miftaharzaq, the designer and original author. Please note that if the license offered here is non-commercial then you will have to obtain and buy a commercial use license. You can use the buttons to the right to download the free font or search for a commercial font license.
Notes from the Designer:
Autumn Flowers is a modern and stylish calligraphy script font, carefully created with a touch of elegance in every character. It will help you create projects with a personal note that expresses confidence and exuberant energy. This font is suitable for any project like wedding invitations, fashion branding, logotypes, and more! This font is PUA encoded which means you can access all the glyphs and ligatures with ease!
Download here : https://graphicriver.net/item/autumn-flowers/40431464
Font Name: Autumn Flowers Font
License: Free for personal use / Demo
The Best Free Font space on the internet!


text:
Light Noise Films
Nat & Nix were married at the Polo Club in Richmond at what was the most incredible wedding we've ever seen. Complete with flash mob, old lady tea ceremony, rickshaw, apple orchards, bunting, lawn games and surrounded by so much love!
A massive thanks to Elephant (James Locke) for letting us use his beautiful song "Skin(Indian Wedding)"
Check out more of his music here: elephantmusic.bandcamp.com
Creative Services: facebook.com/ponyandbear
Event planning: theideaslibrary.com.au


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Once upon a time, I decided to institute Meatless Monday in my life. And I was committed to it for quite a while. Sure, I'd skip and have a meal with meat on a Monday here and there (usually due to poor planning), but I'd try to have a makeup veggie meal later in the week when that would happen. I felt like I was doing a great job of decreasing my meat intake. It turned out that once I decided to eat vegetarian on one day of the week that I was more inclined to have meatless meals other days of the week too.
Then I got pregnant and became super lax about my Meatless Monday observance. Then I was the first time mom of a newborn just trying to survive, and well, I scarfed down what I could when I could. Not that everything I ate was bad, but I let a lot of junk food back into my diet.
Anyway, now I'm trying to get back on track. My goal for the summer is to be a "weekday vegetarian" (a term I heard in this TED Talk). I'm giving myself some time to ease into it. This week I've had only 3-4 meals containing meat, and with a little more planning and preparation, I think I can be up to full weekday veg in two weeks. (I would say next week, but I'm going to be at my parents' house...)
Since better meal planning is the key to eating better, I'm also working on a meal planning visual system to use at home. I hope this will help to eliminate the dreaded question of "what do you want for dinner?" When that happens a lot of times we'll just end up picking up fast food.
So, step 1 of developing my meal planning system is gathering recipes that we like. I thought I'd share a few we've tried recently.


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A surprising offer on the final straight
For over one year now Diospi Suyana has been in detailed negotiations with three satellite companies regarding future cooperation. Chris Welch and Dr Klaus John gave a personal presentation to Hispamar in Rio de Janeiro after which the company reduced their offer by 75%. The negotiations had been going on now for three month.
We were about to sign the contract when the company Intelsat, based in the US, sent us a contract with an offer that we were unable to refuse.
The legally binding 5 year contract was signed on Monday. Through this cost effective solution Diospi Suyana will be able to reach millions of people living in Peru with its radio programme. „Dios mediante“ – God willing. (Picture Website Intelsat)


full time shrink, part time Russian cosmonaut, poodle trainer, ventriloquist, and potter rolled up in a fig leaf.
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clenchedfist00 in reply to James6767: one too many experiences with existentialists and french philosophers using awkward and clumsy metaphors that turn out shockingly profound makes me think that anything elicits from me must be so profound that i can't even begin to grasp it
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clenchedfist00 in reply to James6767: that was very nice as well but it doesn't say what they are, are they really recorders or some obscure baroque wind instrument? btw james at my old porofessor's retirement party a woman brought a viola de gamba that was made for her ... she could only play a few notes but the sound was sublime
James6767: Yeah-they are recorders. the largest is a contra-bass. A viola da gamba is lovely-also easier to play than viol or cello because it has tied-on frets. Marin Marias was the KING of viol (a da gamba). I love his music as the quintessential high French baroque.


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The older we grow, the weaker our muscles get, riddling old age with frailty and physical disability. But this doesn’t only affect the individual, it also creates a significant burden on public healthcare. And yet, research efforts into the biological processes and biomarkers that define muscle aging have not yet defined the underlying causes.
Now, a team of scientists from lab of Johan Auwerx at EPFL’s School of Life Sciences looked at the issue through a different angle: the similarities between muscle aging and degenerative muscle diseases.
They have discovered protein aggregates that deposit in skeletal muscles during natural aging, and that blocking this can prevent the detrimental features of muscle aging. The study is published in Cell Reports.
“During age-associated muscle diseases, such as inclusion body myositis (IBM), our cells struggle to maintain correct protein folding, leading these misfolded proteins to precipitate and forming toxic protein aggregates within the muscles,” explains Auwerx.
“The most prominent component of these protein aggregates is beta-amyloid, just like in the amyloid plaques in the brains of patients with Alzheimer’s disease.”
In the study, the scientists identify amyloid-like protein aggregates in aged muscles from different species, from the nematode C. elegans all the way to humans. In addition, they also found that these aggregates also impair mitochondrial function.
Although aggregated proteins have been suggested to contribute to brain aging, this is the first time that they have been shown to contribute to muscle aging and to directly damage mitochondria.
“These abnormal proteotoxic aggregates could serve as novel biomarkers for the aging process, beyond the brain and muscle,” says Auwerx.
But can the formation of the protein aggregates be reversed?
To answer this, the researchers fed worms the vitamin nicotinamide riboside and the antitumor agent Olaparib, both of which boost the levels of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), a biomolecule that is essential for maintaining mitochondrial function, and whose levels decline during aging.
In the worms, the two compounds turned on the defense systems of the mitochondria, even when provided at advanced age. Turning on the so-called “mitochondrial quality control system” reduced the age-related amyloid protein aggregates and improved the worms’ fitness and lifespan.
The scientists then moved on to human muscle tissue, taken from aged subjects and IBM patients. Turning on the same mitochondrial quality control systems produced similar improvements in protein and mitochondrial homeostasis.
The encouraging results led the researchers to test nicotinamide riboside in aged mice. The treatment also activated the mitochondrial defense systems and reduced the number and size of amyloid aggregates in different skeletal muscle tissues.
“Drugs that boost mitochondrial quality control could therefore be tested in the clinic to reverse these age-related proteotoxic aggregates and rejuvenate tissues,” says Mario Romani, the first author of the study.
In recent years, interest in NAD+ biology has been gaining momentum, revealing critical insights into its roles in numerous physiological processes and underlining the beneficial effects of supplementation with its precursors. Moreover, accumulating evidence indicates that a decrease in NAD+ levels contributes to the development of age-associated pathophysiology [1,2,3].
The systemic NAD+ decrease is caused by both lowered rates of biosynthesis and increased use of NAD+. The immense demand for NAD+ is caused by its importance in cellular oxidation–reduction reactions, including the majority of catabolic and anabolic reactions, such as glycolysis, fatty acid β-oxidation, tricarboxylic acid cycle, synthesis of fatty acids, cholesterol, steroids, etc. [4,5,6].
Additionally, NAD+-consuming enzymes, such as sirtuins, poly-ADP-ribose polymerases (PARPs), cADP-ribose synthases (CD38/157 ectoenzymes) [7,8,9] and mono-ADP-ribose transferases (ARTs) contribute to an overall depletion of NAD+.
Biosynthesis can compensate somewhat to the depleted levels of NAD+ via de novo synthesis from tryptophan (Trp) or in the salvage pathways from four other precursors, nicotinamide (NAM), nicotinic acid (NA), nicotinamide riboside, and nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN).
While de novo synthesis from Trp is carried out in an eight-step pathway, the salvageable precursors NA and NAM require only three (Preiss–Handler pathway) and two steps, respectively (Figure 1). Nicotinamide riboside (NR) is an additional salvageable NAD+ precursor with a two-step  or three-step pathway  to form NAD+ (Figure 1).
In mammals, the most common precursor is NAM, which can further be used to form NMN by the rate-limiting enzyme, phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) . In the final step, NMN is converted to NAD+ by NMN/NaMN adenylyltransferases (NMNATs) [13,14].
As a function of the aging process and/or overnutrition, NAD+ content and NAMPT expression are found to decline in multiple tissues [3,15,16,17], while the maintenance of NAD+ levels relies on diverse biosynthetic routes and precursors in different tissues [18,19]. Nevertheless, the decreased expression of NAMPT enzyme is one of the major causes of the NAD+ decline over age [15,20].
The requirement of this enzyme can be bypassed with the direct conversion of NR to NMN by two nicotinamide ribose kinases, NMRK1 and NMRK2 (also known as NRK1 and NRK2) . This also circumvents the requirement of energetically costly PRPP (phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate. Figure 2) and the feedback inhibition by NAD+ .
Alternatively, NR can be turned into NAM by purine nucleoside phosphorylase (NP), which is subsequently converted to NAD+ via NMN by NMNAT (Figure 1). Hence, the utilization of NR depends on the expression of either the Nrk pathway or NP combined with the Nampt pathway.
The importance of NAD+ is reflected through the activity of NAD+-depleting enzymes, the mediators of aging, which are mostly induced by stress factors, such as DNA damage, oxidative stress, and inflammation.
The major downstream mediators are sirtuins, the NAD+-dependent deacetylases/deacylases. Sirtuins are conserved regulators of aging and longevity in diverse organisms, and regarded as the master switches of metabolism  due to their numerous regulatory functions in metabolism, DNA repair, stress response, chromatin remodeling and circadian rhythm. (Table 1) [2,23].
Together with sirtuins, PARPs use NAD+ to produce a chain of ADP-ribose (ADPR) molecules. PARP1 and PARP2 respond to DNA breaks in the nucleus and facilitate the process of DNA repair . As DNA damage accumulates over time, the activation of PARPs increase, which in turn, lowers the activity of SIRT1 due to both substrate competition and PARP2′s ability to bind to the promoter of Sirt1 and repress its expression .
Furthermore, the content of the primary NADase in mammals, CD38, increases with age. This enzyme uses NAD+ to produce and hydrolyze the Ca2+-mobilizing second messenger, cADP-ribose [25,26,27]. CD38 can also degrade the NAD+ intermediates, NR and NMN [28,29], which further decreases the content of NAD+ .
The effect of CD38 on NAD+ content was demonstrated in CD38-deficient mice, whose NAD+ levels remain high. This preserves mitochondrial respiration and metabolic function with age . Moreover, the inhibition of CD38 can increase NAD+ levels and improve glucose and lipid metabolism .
Apart from the ectoenzymes CD38 and CD157, SARM1 (sterile alpha and Toll/interleukin-1 receptor motif-containing 1) is an additional NAD+-depleting enzyme that uses NAD+ to promote axonal degeneration after injury and thereby decreases its overall content .
Central role of sirtuins in DNA repair, cell cycle control and mitochondria function (adapted from Meng et al. ).
|Glucose metabolism, differentiation, insulin secretion, neuroprotection, vascular protection
|Adipose tissue development and functionality, blood glucose homeostasis, modulation of peripheral myelination
|Mitochondria, Nucleus, Cytosol
|ATP homeostasis, ROS detoxification, tumor suppression, DNA repair, neuroprotection, apoptosis suppression
|Insulin secretion, DNA repair, apoptosis suppression
|Mitochondria, Cytosol, Nucleus
|Urea cycle, ketone body formation, nitrogenous waste management, ROS detoxification
|Telomerase protection, genome stability, cholesterol homeostasis, glycolysis and gluconeogenesis
|rRNA transcription, cell cycle
The immense involvement of NAD+ in all these processes suggests a significant potential for the treatment of various pathophysiological conditions with supplementation of NAD+ precursors. However, multiple options exist for supplementation, and the optimal precursor and dosage are still unclear with regard to the specific condition.
For the baseline requirements of NAD+ synthesis, dietary tryptophan or less than 20 mg of niacin (NA, NAM) daily are sufficient. However, growing evidence demonstrates that substantially greater rates of NAD+ synthesis exhibit numerous beneficial or even therapeutic effects, which can be achieved by supplementation of its intermediates.
These intermediates are found in a wide variety of foods, including meat, eggs, dairy, certain vegetables and whole wheat [35,36]. Specifically, NR is the third discovered NAD+ precursor that naturally occurs in milk and is already available as a nutraceutical. Oral supplementation with NR has been shown to increase NAD+ levels in multiple tissues, along with increased SIRT activity [10,11], improved mitochondrial function , and regenerative potential of stem cells .
Furthermore, NR is currently regarded as a favorable precursor since it has not been implicated to have serious side effects or flushing as opposed to other NAD+ precursors [14,39]. NR chloride has been given GRAS status (generally regarded as safe) which further supports its rapid implementation as a drug-like therapy. However, to adapt NR technologies for therapeutic use, it is necessary to determine oral availability, therapeutic dosage, and utilization in different tissues.
Human digestion and the microbiome  additionally play important roles in NR metabolism, which has yet to be characterized in detail. In this regard, we have summarized the available data from human and animal studies on NR effects on metabolic, neurodegenerative, and cardiovascular disorders, along with the advantages of NR over other available NAD+ precursors.
We also considered immunomodulatory effects in this review, as recent data indicates that NR can support the treatment of infections, including those caused by SARS-CoV-2 that has resulted in the recent Coronavirus pandemic. The current state of NR research including its bioavailability, safety, and effects on oxidative stress and longevity is described in this paper.
Effects of NR on Metabolism and Age-Associated Pathophysiology
Effects on Insulin Sensitivity, Liver Health and Other Metabolic Functions
Along with its intermediates, NAD+ plays an essential role in metabolism, and evidence suggests that an increase in NAD+ levels can exhibit ameliorating effects on metabolic disorders, such as type 2 diabetes (T2D), metabolic syndrome, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) [14,41,42]. Furthermore, NR is one of the NAD+ intermediates that also serves as a precursor of NADH, as well as hepatic NADP+ and NADPH . Since the hepatic NAD+ metabolome is regarded as a function of prediabetic (PD) and T2D mouse models, NADP+ and NADPH can be used to assess the progression of the disease.
Namely, both NADP+ and NADPH are important for resistance to oxidative stress, while NADPH is thought to be the major contributor to insulin resistance . The significantly decreased levels of hepatic NADP+ and NADPH in PD and T2D mice are restored with supplementation of NR .
In mice models, NR can increase NAD+ metabolism and thereby improve glucose tolerance, reduce weight gain, and exhibit neuroprotective effects against diabetic neuropathy and liver steatosis . Similarly, in mice models of high-fat-induced obesity, a dose of dietary NR as small as 400 mg/kg/day was shown to improve insulin sensitivity and protect mice from weight gain .
However, these results have not yet been replicated in humans, as 12-week supplementation of NR with a dose of 2000 mg/day was not able to improve insulin sensitivity and other metabolic parameters in insulin-resistant, obese men . Additional research is required to determine the long-term effects of NR on insulin sensitivity . On the other hand, there is evidence that NR administration in mice models increases the activity of SIRT1, an important factor in the prevention of T2D and preservation of insulin sensitivity [37,44].
Moreover, SIRT1 inhibits effects of oxidative stress in T2D mice , promotes glucose-stimulated insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells [46,47], and protects against insulin resistance in peripheral tissues , whilst SIRT1 overexpression promotes fatty acid oxidation and inhibits lipogenesis, protecting the liver from steatosis. In addition, sirtuins are downregulated in NAFLD patients, a state characterized by liver steatosis .
NAFLD is widely considered a hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome as it is found to be associated with T2D, obesity, and insulin resistance . Via activation of SIRT1 and additional factors associated with cholesterol homeostasis, NR could potentially reduce cholesterol levels and improve liver health [51,52,53,54].
Fat accumulation is also potentially reduced through a mechanism that involves the induction of the mitochondrial unfolded protein response . In regenerating liver, NR reduces lipid accumulation, promotes hepatocyte replication, and increases hepatic ATP content leading to a faster regaining of liver weight in mice .
Moreover, dietary supplementation of NR was able to restore NAD+ levels caused by impaired biosynthesis in a mouse model of hepatocellular carcinoma, and thereby prevent both DNA damage and tumorigenesis . Altogether, there is sufficient evidence indicating that increasing NAD+ content with NR supplementation can be considered a promising therapeutic strategy for metabolic dysfunctions, including T2D and NAFLD.
Effects on Cardiovascular Diseases
Disruption of NAD+ homeostasis due to mitochondrial dysfunction is central in the development of cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure (HF) and has been reported in several models of HF including pressure overload, myocardial infarction, and angiotensin II infusion [57,58,59,60,61,62].
Furthermore, a shift from fatty acid oxidation and oxidative phosphorylation to other forms of substrate metabolism (glycolysis and ketone oxidation) often occurs in the development of HF [63,64], while the NAD+/NADH ratio also decreases . The change in oxidative-reductive capacity further increases cardiac susceptibility to stress.
The level of protein hyperacetylation also increases, driven by decreasing NAD+-dependent deacetylation both in mouse models of hypertrophy and in human patients with ischemic HF or dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) [64,65]. NR supplementation normalizes the myocardial NAD+/NADH ratio and exhibits protective effects in adverse cardiac remodeling, while long-term supplementation increases nucleocytoplasmic protein acetylation by stimulating citrate and acetyl-CoA metabolism and antioxidant gene expression . By improving NAD+ homeostasis and activating NMRK2, NR can further prevent the deterioration of cardiac function and adverse remodeling, which are both early and persistent events in a mouse model of DCM leading to HF.
In several models of cardiac injuries, the NAMPT enzyme is repressed , while Nmrk2 expression is robustly upregulated . A similar shift was observed in human failing heart in models of cardiomyopathy . Hence, it was proposed that the activation of the NMRK2 pathway represents a common adaptive mechanism in the failing heart, while the Nmrk2 gene can be activated in response to NAMPT inhibition.
Furthermore, the shift from NAMPT to NMRK2 for NAD+ synthesis is an energy-sparing mechanism that may be favored, since NMN synthesis from NR by NMRK enzymes requires a single ATP, while synthesis from NAM by NAMPT requires more than three ATP equivalents (Figure 2). Although the NMRK2 pathway is activated in the HF mice, the myocardial NAD+ level is depressed, which suggests that circulating and tissue levels of NAD+ precursors are insufficient to sustain cardiac NAD+ synthesis on a regular rodent diet.
This supports the interest in NR supplementation to improve this condition. Moreover, a strong beneficial effect of NR was discovered in mouse models of HF with the preservation of cardiac function and a limitation of cardiac remodeling, that was associated with maintained NAD+ levels in the heart. This further suggests that oral NR supplementation is a powerful approach to preserve cardiac function and limit remodeling in DCM.
NAD+ precursor supplementation also has the potential to protect against adverse cardiac remodeling by additional mechanisms of activating SIRTs (Table 2) and maintaining Ca2+ homeostasis . Namely, in vivo activation of SIRT1 protects against cardiac hypertrophy, metabolic dysregulation, and cardiac inflammation in a mouse model of cardiac hypertrophy, and exhibits protective effects in other models of cardiac dysfunction [68,69,70,71].
In addition, SIRT2 and SIRT6 have emerged as prominent cardioprotective SIRTs [72,73], as deficiency of SIRT2 intensified cardiac hypertrophy in aged mice and mice stressed with angiotensin II , while a loss of SIRT6 in mice resulted in the development of cardiac hypertrophy and HF . The activity of mitochondrial SIRTs is implicated in cardiac remodeling and the development of HF, including SIRT3 which appears to be required for maintaining cardiac function .
Data further suggests NR as a favored NAD+ precursor in mitochondria , while in vivo NR effects have been interpreted as dependent on mitochondrial sirtuin activities [37,77]. However, the importance of nucleocytosolic targets should not be excluded [1,78]. NR-induced reduction of systolic blood pressure (SBP) and aortic stiffness , two clinically important risk indicators of cardiovascular function and health [79,80], may occur due to nuclear and cytosolic SIRT1 activation (Table 1).
Namely, NAD+ is an obligate substrate for the deacetylase SIRT1, which has been implicated in the maintenance of healthy vascular function [81,82,83]. Although NAD+ involvement in numerous physiological responses is not yet fully understood, documented health benefits in mice models validate the increasing interest in the translation of NR to therapy for cardiovascular diseases, especially in HF and cardiac hypertrophy.
The roles of sirtuins in heart failure development acquired from experiments on knock-out and transgenic mice (adapted from Pillai et al., ).
|Heart cell growth and development, mediation of cardiac hypertrophy, protection from ischemic injury; partial deficiency protects from pressure overload-induced hypertrophy and failure
|Mediating ischemic injury due to attenuated programmed apoptosis
|Protection from age-induced hypertrophy, fibrosis and contractile dysfunction, prevents susceptibility to cardiac hypertrophic stimuli
|Protection from cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure
|Protection from spontaneous cardiac hypertrophy and inflammatory cardiomyopathy
|Low to moderate overexpression attenuates age-dependent decline in cardiac functions in mice, while high overexpression induces cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure
|Cardiac-specific overexpression protects the heart from hypertrophic stimuli by preserving mitochondrial function
|Cardiac-specific overexpression protects the heart from hypertrophic stimuli by blocking activation of Akt signaling at the level of chromatin
Effects on Neurodegenerative Disorders
Neurodegenerative disorders are associated with DNA damage and oxidative stress, which accumulate with age  leading to impaired mitochondrial function . In addition, NAD+ depletion was observed during the aging process in multiple animals, including humans, and is considered the major risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) .
When administered in AD mouse models, NR displays beneficial effects on both oxidative stress and DNA repair by increasing NAD+ levels . Additionally, NR can improve other aspects of AD neuropathology including pTau, amyloid-β, neurogenesis, neuroinflammation, hippocampal synaptic plasticity, and cognition [89,90].
Specifically, NR treatment reduce neuroinflammation and amyloidogenesis in the whole brain of high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice, by decreasing amyloid-β levels and several inflammatory markers (NLRP3, CASP1, IL-1, TNF-α, and IL-6) . Since brain inflammation is closely related to cognitive impairment [92,93,94], cognitive function and recognition memory could be attenuated by NR treatment in only 6 weeks .
Furthermore, increased PARylation, another hallmark of AD, could be decreased in AD mice with NR supplementation . Increased PARylation has also been detected in several other neurodegenerative disorders that involve DNA repair defects, including Cockayne syndrome, xeroderma pigmentosum and ataxia-telangiectasia.
Nevertheless, PARP-mediated NAD+ depletion was recently confirmed to play a major role in the pathogenesis of these disorders. Despite the underlying DNA repair deficiencies, NR could dramatically improve the phenotype of each of these conditions in mouse models, while prolonging survival by more than three times in ataxic mice [95,96].
Another early event that occurs in acute cerebral injury and in chronic neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases, is axonal degeneration [97,98,99,100]. In such cases, axonal degeneration is caused by excitotoxicity, which is another feature implicated in most neurodegenerative disorders that affect the central nervous system.
Interestingly, a strong NAD+ depletion in neurons has been revealed during excitotoxicity [101,102,103,104], whereas mice injected with NR were protected from excitotoxicity-induced axonal degeneration . Among three tested NAD+ precursors (NA, NAM, and NR) including NAD+, only NR could prevent axonal degeneration by altering the local NR metabolism within the axon [105,106].
Namely, NR prevented nuclear condensation and axonal degeneration in neurons of Nmrk2-KO mice, by inducing Nmrk1 , which suggests that Nmrk1 might be the key mediator of the neuroprotective activity of NR. This neuroprotective effect depends on both mitochondrial and axonal NAD+ content .
At present, two possible mechanisms of neuroprotection have been proposed: increasing mitochondrial NAD+ to support SIRT3  and preserving axonal NAD+ to supply damage-induced SARM1 activation . Via SIRT3 activation, a NR-induced increase in NAD+ levels can have additional beneficial and possible therapeutic effects. Specifically, NR has been shown to prevent noise-induced hearing loss and neurite retraction from hair cells in the inner ear through a SIRT3-dependent mechanism .
Moreover, SIRT3 and 5 are both critical for the health of retinal photoreceptors . SIRT3 activity is sensitive to the reduction of NAD+ content that has been detected in multiple disorders with retinal degeneration, including age-associated dysfunction, diabetic retinopathy, and light-induced degeneration in mice . This suggests a potential therapeutic treatment with NR for a variety of disorders that include photoreceptor degeneration.
Furthermore, a general decrease in NAD+ levels has been observed in neuromuscular diseases which are often caused by inherited mutations that lead to progressive skeletal muscle weakness and degeneration . Increasing NAD+ content with NR can stimulate energy production and improve mitochondria function.NR has been shown to have therapeutic effects in several muscle disorders in mouse models.
Although supplementation with NR could not correct the underlying genetic defects, it could improve mitochondrial abundance and function in two different mitochondrial myopathies [109,110]. Furthermore, NR could reverse the progressive wasting syndrome in skeletal muscle in mice lacking Nampt whilst restoring endurance, in as little as 1 week of treatment . Accordingly, NR was found to confer increased endurance and improved cold tolerance in the HFD-fed mice. However, whether NR has significant benefits in lean, healthy muscle is less clear, as only a nonsignificant trend toward increased endurance was observed in regular chow-fed mice .
Interestingly, decreased NAD+ levels and Nampt expression were also observed in Duchenne’s muscular dystrophy (DMD), a condition histologically and transcriptionally similar to progressive wasting syndrome [112,113]. DMD is also characterized by increased PARP activity, fibrosis, and muscular degeneration. NR was found to improve muscular function and heart pathology in mdx mice models of DMD and decrease PARylation, inflammation, and fibrosis .
Moreover, NR treatment has been shown to improve stem cell function and thereby ameliorate the muscle wasting phenotype in mdx mice, supporting the use of NR for the human condition [38,112]. Improvement in stem cell function appears to be a general phenomenon during NR treatment and has been suggested to underlie a small, but significant extension of lifespan in mice . Altogether, these findings support that NR could be effective in managing the progression of muscular dystrophy and degeneration, by improving muscular strength, rejuvenating senescent muscle stem cells, and reducing levels of inflammation and fibrosis.
Effects on Longevity
Calorie restriction (CR) is considered the most effective approach to extend lifespan in eukaryotes since the first report of lifespan extension in wild-type yeast cells via regulation of Sir2 and NAD+ . CR life-prolonging effects may partly be mediated via increased sirtuin function, while the requirement of NAD+ for their activity suggests a possible connection between aging and metabolism. However, the nutritional approach for increasing Sir2 activity and longevity has been accomplished by engineered gene overexpression in yeast , while NA failed to extend lifespan, and NAM shortened it [116,117].
On the other hand, as with CR, NR can increase NAD+ levels and Sir2 function, while exogenous NR promotes Sir2-dependent repression of recombination, improves gene silencing, and extends lifespan without calorie restriction . Moreover, the mechanism of action of NR is completely dependent on increased net NAD+ synthesis through the Nrk1 and the Urh1/Pnp1/4 pathways.
The latter is Nrk1 independent and represents a newly discovered NR salvage pathway . Furthermore, a study in mouse models documented that a one-day fast increases NAD+ in the liver  whereas CR elevates NAD+ and reduces NAM in the brain . This implies that the increased levels of NAD+ appear to mediate several beneficial effects of CR, supporting the life-prolonging effects of NR supplementation.
These effects are mediated via improvement of metabolism and decrease in chronic inflammation, a hallmark of aging . Preclinical studies have reported that NR reduces macrophage infiltration in damaged muscles [38,112] and attenuates plasma TNF-α in models of fatty liver disease .
Nevertheless, a recent clinical study confirmed NR availability in muscular tissue in aged human subjects  and its anti-inflammatory effects. Namely, a 21-day supplementation of NR decreased numerous circulating inflammatory cytokines , implying additional mechanisms through which NR can potentially modulate the aging process and thereby exhibit life-prolonging effects. While the exact mechanisms through which NR exerts these effects remain unclear, the apparent health benefits described indicate positive effects of NR on longevity.
Infection Treatment and Immunomodulatory Effects
NAD+ intermediates have been recognized for their beneficial health effects during infection with several pathogens. Studies have confirmed antimycobacterial effect of NAM in patients infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis [121,122], while immune-mediated elimination was reported for Staphylococcus aureus, including MRSA and other major human pathogens such as Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa .
In addition, NAM and its analogues exhibited antiviral effect in patients with HIV  and hepatitis B . The potential treatment with NAD+ intermediates has been recognized recently for combating COVID-19 infection that currently lacks efficient therapeutic or preventive agents and represents a global concern for public health.
SARS-CoV-2 infection triggers a maladaptive immune response. Notably an exaggerated proinflammatory response leading to a “cytokine storm” in the lung tissue, and lymphopenia with a drastic decline of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells . On the molecular level, as the innate immune response activates to fight the infection, the activation of PARPs increases due to extensive DNA damage and IFN-induced MARylation (mono-ADP-ribosylation) of the target SARS-CoV-2 proteins [126,127].
PARPs response is required for inhibition of viral replication ; however, this antiviral effect is reversed by the ADP-ribosylhydrolase macrodomain of the viral nonstructural protein, nsp3, whose activity is required for virulence [126,127,129]. In addition, nsp10 of SARS-CoV was found to inhibit electron transport at the NADH site of complex I in the mitochondrial electron transport chain , suggesting that key events in the innate immune response to viral infections are occurring within the infected cell’s NAD+ metabolome .
Recent study investigated PARPs expression and NAD+ metabolome dysregulation due to coronavirus infection. The examined SARS-CoV-2 infected cell lines of a ferret and deceased patients’ lungs showed disturbed NAD+ metabolism and gene expression with respect to synthesis and utilization of NAD+ .
Furthermore, the expression of the NMRK1 pathway was upregulated together with the expression of the concentrative nucleoside transporter CNT3, indicating a higher capacity for NR conversion to NAD+ and NADP+ during the infection . An upregulation of the NMRK gene was previously associated with therapeutic efficacy of NR [66,105].
In addition, the expression of NNMT (nicotinamide N-methyltransferase) was decreased  due to lower NAM methylation, suggesting a promotion of the NAM salvage pathway  and increased efficiency of NR treatment to replenish NAD+ . These data indicate that boosting NAD+ content through NAM and NR kinase pathways may restore antiviral PARPs functions to support innate immunity to SARS-CoV-2 .
Upon activation of the adaptive immune response, the overexpression of CD38 in both CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes further exaggerates NAD+ depletion [133,134] leading to increased production and release of proinflammatory cytokines, reactive oxygen species, and macrophage infiltration [135,136].
Furthermore, drastic NAD+ depletion impairs the function of sirtuins, the regulators of cell death and viability . Specifically, SIRT1 regulates the expression of genes including tumor suppressors, cytokines and proto-oncogenes and ultimately modulates inflammation, cell survival, and apoptosis mechanisms .
Loss of sirtuin function along with increased oxidative damage and an overall energy decrease finally culminates in cell death. Replenishment of NAD+ body content could restore energy levels and impaired sirtuin function and possibly rebalance the maladaptive immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Namely, both SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 induce maladaptive hyperinflammation followed by increased leucocyte infiltration into the lungs resulting in extensive tissue damage and subsequent organ failure with reduced lung capacity [138,139,140].
Emerging evidence has demonstrated that NAD+ is released during the early phase of inflammation and has an immunoregulatory role in vivo [141,142].
Moreover, niacin was previously suggested as an anti-inflammatory therapy in one preclinical study as a potent agent to decrease proinflammatory cytokines, including IL-1, IL-6, and TNFα . NR can similarly decrease IL-2, IL-5, IL-6, and TNFα .
Targeting IL-6 has been recently proposed as a promising treatment to block the inflammatory storm, especially in severe COVID-19 patients . Furthermore, niacin might also decrease neutrophil infiltration, while exhibiting a prolonged anti-inflammatory effect during ventilator-induced lung injury.
However, niacin exacerbated hypoxemia regardless of the neutrophil infiltration decrease, suggesting a different cause of hypoxemia, independent of neutrophil decline [144,145], which requires further investigation. In addition, high efficiency of vitamin B3 (niacin or nicotinamide) in preventing lung tissue damage was confirmed in several animal models with bleomycin- and LPS-induced lung injury [146,147,148].
Considering vitamin B3′s strong lung-protective effects, it has been proposed as an early treatment-supporting agent against COVID-19 . This implies that NR should be considered as a potential therapeutic or supporting agent to reduce hyperinflammation and regenerate damaged lung tissue.
reference link : https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7352172/
More information: Mario Romani et al, NAD+ boosting reduces age-associated amyloidosis and restores mitochondrial homeostasis in muscle, Cell Reports (2021). DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108660

domain: medical


On this day in 1967, Celtic ran out at Hampden to contest the League Cup Final against Dundee.
It was, curiously, a slightly rocky period for the club in what would prove to be one of the most successful decades in its history. They had recently been knocked out of the European Cup in the first round by Dinamo Kiev but then had a 1-0 victory over Racing Club in the first leg of the World Club Championship at Hampden.
The League Cup final was another chance to show they were back to their best and the team started well, Steve Chalmers opening the scoring in 6 minutes and John Hughes getting the second in 10 minutes. Dundee fought back, though, to make it 2-1 at the break but when Chalmers made it 3-1 with 15 minutes to go, everyone thought the game was over. However, there were four goals still to come, two for each side, Bobby Lennox in 79 minutes and Willie Wallace in 88 minutes getting Celtic’s two to give the Hoops a 5-3 victory.
It was an unconvincing win and that night, as we waited at the airport to make the long haul to South America for the next leg of the World Club Championship, manager Jock Stein was not slow in pointing out our faults earlier that afternoon, reminding us that we would have to play a bit better in Buenos Aires if we wanted to rule the world


text:
By Doyne Phillips, Managing Editor for Southern Writers Magazine
Recently, I had the opportunity to revisit Pearl Harbor. It had been some sixteen years since I was last there and very little has changed. It is a well-maintained memorial to our fallen heroes and the tragedy that occurred there on December 7th, 1941 at 7:55 AM. I will tell you it seems to me each time I have visited I have come away with a different perspective of the tragedy. I discovered I wasn’t the only one.
Visiting the book shop there I was overwhelmed by the great number of books about the event. Bookshelves full of books stand in place covering a large portion of the gift shop. Judging by their titles, each approaches the event from a different viewpoint. Most cover the actual attack. Being able to look back on it and the additional knowledge gathered over the years provides the writers of today with an insight many did not have. The shock of such an attack happening on US soil overwhelmed many and made it hard to be objective early on. Many have taken a second look, see more and can deal with more of the stories.
One book I found great interest in was one written by Rodney T. West, MD. Honolulu Prepares for Japan’s Attack, May 15, 1940 to December 8, 1941. I had the good fortune of meeting Dr. West in 2003. He was doing what writers do, signing his book at the Memorial site, and taking time to speak with each of us. Dr. West had served on several committees preparing for the possibility of such an attack. He shared with me even with all the preparation, they were overwhelmed. He said he could not imagine how things would have gone without the preparation and planning they had in place. Dr West’s title of his book gives a definite timeline.
Preparation was some 18 months but on December 8th it was over. It then became time to recover and rebuild. Dr West died in March of 2008. Well known on the island for his service to the community as a veteran and MD he had one other note of fame prior to death. During the Obama Presidential Campaign his name was brought to light as the Dr who delivered Barack Obama. Dr West touched history a second time. The conspiracy continues to be debated.
I hope writers when writing about a known event realize there are many different viewpoints. Many are different. If you think yours is important, most likely it is important to others. Don’t hesitate to share it with us all.
Doyne, Thank you for continuing the facts and memories about December 7, 1941ReplyDelete

domain: history


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Completed: December 2019
Project Description: Heating Replacement
Climatix Group Ltd undertook the role of Principal Contractor to oversee the full heating replacement to the tower at Hull College
As part of a phasing exercise, new LPHW risers installed with distribution services to a mixture of radiators, power assisted fan convector and radiant panels.
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Weezy Pleads Guilty, Heading to Jail, while Mr. Hudson and Rick Ross Get Mashed Up
Before we get to today’s first Download of the Day, we wanted to let you know about the latest from Lil Wayne. Nope, Weezy isn’t dropping a new track; instead, he’s dropping a guilty plea. This morning the rap superstar plead guilty to gun possession in exchange for a prison sentence of one year. Read more about it here and here. Weezy won’t be sentenced until February.
Anyway, on to happier news. Here’s “Hustlin’ Lies,” a matamatics mashup of Mr. Hudson (Rusko Remix) and Rick Ross. Grab it here.
Got a Download of the Day to suggest? Let us know about it here.


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This year I wanted to do a "Frozen" theme for my daughters Kindergarten Holiday party. I did not want to go over the top Disney on them but wanted to hint a little bit here and there as Frozen is her absolute favorite movie!
I also wanted to make the classroom party fun, but also healthy.
Here are 8 healthy snack ideas that I came up with, some with a little influence from Pinterest, whose projects always seem to come out more perfect than mine but I still have fun being creative.
1. Orange snowman ( We live in Florida and I can guarantee that the majority of kids have never built there own snowman but now they can with the states favorite fruit...the orange! )
2. Don't forget about the penguin fruit masks. Wrap up whole pears (my seasonal favorite) apples and oranges. To download the free link click here.
3. Bananas with a message. The possibilities are endless when it comes to message writing on a banana.
4. Frozen "cocoa" or really just frozen low fat chocolate milk.
5. Cheese sticks (the original ones that I saw had snowmen drawn on them and they were wrapped with a little scarf). Mine were not photo worthy, but you get the point.
6. Popcorn "snow" . Draw a snowman face on a clear cup and presto you have a snowman.
7. Frozen lemonade pops (Olaf loves summer right?)
8. "Do you want to build a snowman?" Trail mix. Give each child a bag of marshmallows, pretzel sticks, nuts, fruit rope cut in 3 pieces, chocolate chips and pumpkin seeds. Let them build there own and then munch on a healthy snack.
Have a great holiday! May it be Healthy and Bright!
Find us on Facebook: ABCD Eat Right
Follow us on Twitter: ABCDEatRight1
Check out more free printables: www.abcdeatright.com
Contact us: Brandi@ABCDEatRight.com


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As a financial analyst and writer, it’s my job to dive into the complexities of financial scandals and misconduct. One particular case currently under scrutiny by the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) concerns William Weisbrod, a figure previously affiliated with the brokerage firm Purshe Kaplan Sterling and now an investment advisor with Key Client Fiduciary Advisors.
Unearthing The Misdeeds
From what I’ve gathered through Weisbrod’s FINRA BrokerCheck profile, he’s been accused of stepping over the line of his fiduciary responsibilities to a local community bank where he served as an advisory director and a consultant. The finance community was sent reeling upon discovering that he allegedly led an undisclosed risky investment strategy. Under his watch, brokerage accounts were exposed to unnecessary risks and the high costs of excessive trading.
But it wasn’t just the risky trading maneuvers that set off alarms—it was the suspected secret motivation behind them: revenue for Weisbrod that allegedly mounted to over $370,000 in concealed payments. Picture a situation where those steering the investment ship were doing so not for the passengers’ best interests but for their own financial gain, ignoring possible disastrous consequences.
The Costly Backlash
The repercussions of Weisbrod’s supposed actions have been substantial. According to FINRA, there was an additional hit of a million dollars in markups to an external broker responsible for obtaining investments for the bank. The financial strain increased with over $600,000 in remediation costs. Essentially, the monetary disturbance was severe.
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To make matters worse, Weisbrod allegedly attempted to cover his tracks when questioned, supposedly misrepresenting his role in the investments to his firm. Despite not admitting or denying the charges, the weight of the evidence resulted in an indefinite bar from working with any FINRA-affiliated member.
Past Shadows Looming
This isn’t the first time Weisbrod has been in hot water with FINRA. He was previously penalized in 2009 for unsuitable mutual fund transactions, which resulted in a $33,500 fine and a two-month suspension.
Further adding to the distress, in 2021, an investor accused Weisbrod of fraud and unsuitable transaction recommendations. This dispute was settled in 2023 for a staggering $425,000—certainly a significant financial hit for all parties involved.
In reflecting upon Weisbrod’s alleged actions, it’s a stark reminder of the potential for darkness within the financial industry. Warren Buffett once said, “It takes 20 years to build a reputation and five minutes to ruin it.” For financial professionals, this underscores the importance of integrity in every action we take. The fact remains that not all financial advisors have your best interests at heart. It’s a troubling reality, one which a report by the Securities and Exchange Commission found that over 1,000 financial advisors were caught violating the law or industry rules over a 10-year period.
For those looking to ensure the credibility and ethics of their financial advisor, checking their FINRA CRM number is an essential step.
Without a watchful eye and strict enforcement of rules, my years in financial analysis have taught me that such cases can throw us into disarray, highlighting the critical nature of transparency and accountability in finance.


The value of going round in circles
08 September 2014
The last 10 years have seen a revolution in the way in which the UK handles municipal waste with volumes of waste sent to landfill dropping by 70% and recycling rates rising from 18% to 44%.
However with recent cuts in government support for local authority waste projects the next steps on the road to a circular economy are marked with uncertainty, argues Andrew Castle.
The appeal of circular economy approaches to dealing with municipal waste are clear to see and the UK has made huge strides already in delivering the vision through improvements in recycling rates and delivery of energy from waste projects.
However the waste sector is now at a watershed. There are mixed messages from government – on the one hand the government owned Green Investment Bank has pointed to a potential £5bn gap in waste treatment capacity in the UK by 2020. On the other hand the withdrawal by DEFRA of waste infrastructure credits for local authority projects points to a “job done” and funding priorities elsewhere. Against this background it is far from clear how the UK will make the next big steps towards the vision of a circular economy.
The perennial issues are finance and technology, and they are closely linked.
In terms of technology although there are many new and exciting waste management technologies, potential investors are wary as there have been too many cases of waste facilities utilising new technologies just not “doing what they say on the tin” with financial and reputational consequences.
The second issue is attracting financing, particularly from commercial banks. Whilst there has been strong commercial bank appetite for local authority sponsored waste projects with long term local authority backed waste supply commitments matching long term debt, these projects are now mostly procured and the next round of projects will largely cater for industrial and commercial waste volumes. This ‘new wave’ of projects present commercial banks with a much more difficult financing proposition.
Firstly they do not have long term waste supply commitments from local authorities so funders have to take a more “merchant” view on availability of waste. Secondly, there is greater technology risk as developers seek to enhance economics by utilising advanced technologies that benefit from green power incentives such as ROCs but don’t have the operational track record of more conventional technologies.
With technology and waste supply risks combining with power market risks, heavy environmental regulation and perennial problems around planning it is easy to see why waste management projects are at the more challenging end of the spectrum of renewables financings. While the UK’s Green Investment Bank is taking a robust view on risk and seeking to catalyse the market, it is but one player and can only do so much on its own. Ultimate success will depend on whether commercial banks can be attracted.
In the meantime, the projects most likely to succeed are those that are supported by larger corporations, either directly or indirectly through offtake or waste supply commitments. Waste management companies such as SITA and Veolia are clearly at the forefront of developments and have a large role to play as investor and/or waste supplier, but they are not alone. British Airways partnership with Solena Fuels to build a plant in London to create an estimated 50,000 tonnes of biojet fuel from waste a year is an exciting example.
For a market that has grown used to the certainties of the UK PPP waste programme, the nascent market for merchant energy from waste presents a new and exciting challenge. Whilst waste management in the UK has made huge strides towards the vision of a circular economy it is important to remember that this is a long term project and progress may not always be as fast as people hope or expect.


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Geminids 2017 meteor shower: online observation – 13 & 14 Dec. 2017.
Next 13-14 Dec., the Geminids 2017 meteor shower will peak under good sky conditions, likely being the most spectacular meteor shower of this year (after the Perseids show was ruined by the Moon, last Aug.). We will show this show live, both from Italy and the USA: join us online, from the comfort of your home!
At Virtual Telescope we will broadcast the Geminids 2017 meteor shower live, online, for free. Thanks to our partnership with Tenagra Observatories, we will offer two online observing sessions, using our all-sky cameras in Italy and Arizona, USA, to show any potential meteor they capture. All this with the live commentary of astrophysicist Gianluca Masi.
The two online, free sessions to see the Geminids 2017 meteor shower are scheduled as follows:
- live view from Italy: 13 Dec. 2017, starting at 22:00 UT;
- live view from Arizona: 14 Dec. 2017, starting at 10:00 UT.
Support The Virtual Telescope Project!
Support us! Please, donate and receive unique, LIMITED EDITION set of images of the stunning comet C/2020 F3 Neowise above Rome, of potentially hazardous asteroids, space stations and much more, specifically made for supporters like you!
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domain: hobby


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domain: finance


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New Delhi, Feb 2: Most employees in India believe artificial intelligence (AI) will open new opportunities to enjoy work and make their jobs easier and more interesting, a new report said on Friday.
According to the HP Work Relationship Index report 'Growing and Mature Economies (GME)', in India, 71 percent of knowledge workers anticipate that AI will enable them to delegate repetitive tasks, freeing them to focus on more productive work.
A significant 77 percent believe AI will open new opportunities to derive enjoyment from their work, a sentiment shared by only 45 percent of mature economies.
The report included over 15,000 participants spread across 12 countries like the US, the UK, Japan, France, Germany, and Canada, including 1,300 respondents from India.
According to the report, Indian knowledge workers emerged as the happiest globally, with 50 percent reporting a healthy relationship with work.
"This nearly doubles the level of satisfaction experienced by their counterparts in mature economies, which stands at 21 percent overall," the report said.
"Notably, knowledge workers in growing economies, including India, demonstrate a remarkable twofold increase in the likelihood of experiencing a healthy relationship with work when compared to their peers in mature economies," it added.
Moreover, the report noted that 68 percent of knowledge workers in growing economies, including India, believe their work relationships will experience improvement in the next 12 months, contrasting with the 36 percent reported in mature economies.
AI emerged as a key driver of optimism, with 76 percent of knowledge workers in growing economies expressing that AI will make their jobs easier, compared to 48 percent in mature economies.
Additionally, 75 percent of growing economies foresee AI adding interest to their jobs, as opposed to 44 percent in mature economies.