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Refit Keto Gummies Reviews:- Are you tired of trying to stick to restrictive diets that leave you feeling deprived and hungry? Do you struggle to resist the temptation of sweets and stick to your plan to lose weight? If so, you're in good company. Many people have trouble maintaining a healthy eating plan, but a new alternative called Refit Keto Gummies could be the answer.
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Refit Keto Gummies are a novel class of dietary supplements that can help you achieve your weight loss objectives in a tasty way. These tasty chews are loaded with nutrients that will help put your body into a metabolic condition called ketosis. You can enter a metabolic state called ketosis, in which your body burns fat for fuel instead of carbohydrates, by eating fewer carbohydrates.
The Refit Keto Gummies Ingredients?
Each gummy bear contains its own unique blend of active ingredients that works in concert to satisfy a person's appetite, boost their energy, and aid with digestion. Some examples of these parts are as follows:
- Exogenous ketones, such as those found in BHB salts, can help your body enter ketosis more quickly. Salts of beta-hydroxybutyrate are another name for them.
- MCT Oil: This oil is rich in beneficial fats that can provide you with long-lasting energy. Oil-rich in medium-chain triglycerides (MCT).
- Green tea extract, a natural source of caffeine, has been shown to boost metabolism and stimulate thermogenesis, two processes that lead to increased calorie expenditure. Catechins, another type of antioxidant found in green tea extract, can help defend cells from harm caused by free radicals.
- Acetic acid, found in abundance in apple cider vinegar, has been demonstrated to improve insulin sensitivity and facilitate healthy digestion.
- Caffeine can increase your energy and metabolism, leading to more calorie expenditure.
- Calcium: This mineral is crucial for healthy bones and teeth and can also aid with weight loss.
How do Refit Keto Gummies work?
The BHB salts in Refit Keto Gummies can help your body enter ketosis more quickly than it would on its own. Ketosis is the metabolic state in which fat is burned for energy instead of carbs. This could give you sustained energy throughout the day in addition to helping you lose weight more quickly.
The MCT oil found in the gummies could potentially boost your energy levels. It is recommended that you consume this oil because it contains healthy fats that can provide your body with steady energy throughout the day. The green tea ingredient in the candies may also help boost metabolic rate, which in turn may improve the number of calories expended.
It's possible that the sweets' presence of apple cider vinegar will aid digestion. Vinegar is an excellent source of acetic acid, which has been shown to improve insulin sensitivity and promote good digestion.
How to use Refit Keto Gummies?
It's simple to use Refit Keto Gummies. Depending on your weight loss goals, you should eat only one or two gummies every day. The optimum time to consume the gummies to help increase your energy levels throughout the day is first thing in the morning or first thing in the afternoon.
Refit Keto Gummies Advantages
- There are several benefits to using Refit Keto Gummies as a weight-loss supplement in your diet.
- Faster and more effective weight loss: Refit Keto Gummies may help you get into ketosis faster and stay in ketosis for long periods of time, both of which can improve your weight loss results.
- Increased energy and enhanced physical performance may occur from switching to ketones as a fuel source rather than carbohydrates. The risk of cardiovascular disease is reduced in those who consume ketones.
- Ketones can increase mental clarity and concentration, both of which are beneficial to brain health. • The high-fat component of the ketogenic diet may help you feel fuller for longer periods of time, which may result in decreased calorie consumption and weight loss. Ketones are beneficial to the body in several ways.
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Achieving your weight loss goals in a tasty way is possible with the help of Refit Keto Gummies, which is completely safe and effective. It's important to remember that these gummies are meant to be taken in addition to a regular meal, not as a substitute for one. This is crucial information to remember at all times.
If you are pregnant, nursing, or taking any medications, it is very important to see your doctor before starting any new dietary supplement.
Reactions Refit Keto Gummies Unwanted Effects
Since they are made entirely of natural materials, Refit Keto Gummies are perfectly safe for use by the vast majority of people. Several moderate side effects have been associated with the usage of these gummies, though.
symptoms of nausea, indigestion, headache, and vertigo case you encounter
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Finding the solution to Refit Keto Gummies is simple on the internet. Simply click the flag and follow the on-screen instructions to place an order for the current bottle. Visit the It's True page if you want to file a legitimate claim. There, you'll have to choose a measurement category that matches your monthly weight loss claim.
Those who are trying to get the most out of a ketogenic diet will find Refit Keto Gummies to be a highly helpful dietary supplement. When people follow the suggested dosages and schedule, they often see positive improvements in their health, energy, and weight. However, it is important to remember that the optimum results may only be attained when this drug is used in conjunction with a strict diet and exercise plan. Any time you start taking a new dietary supplement, it's a good idea to talk to your primary care physician beforehand. In sum, Refit Keto Gummies Reviews are a powerful and effective way to supplement a ketogenic diet and help one reach their health and fitness goals.
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By: Dr. Hem Sras, Dean for the College of Law
On May 9th, 2017, the College of Law (CoL) conducted a study visit to the Ministry of Civil Affairs. This study tour was led by a CoL instructor and attended by a group of CoL students. The UC delegation attended the distinguished lecture entitled, “Administrative Check and Management of Civil Officials.” This seminar was chaired by Mr. Sar Marady, Director of the General Department of Legislation at the Ministry of Civil Affairs.
The study visit was arranged under the course of “Public Function Law.” The purpose of this study visit was to encourage CoL students to further understand legal theories via the actual practice of civil servants at the ministry. During this study visit, CoL students learned a lot from the seminar regarding public function law such as how to prepare yourself to be a civil official, how to build the capacity of civil servants, how to become an effective civil official, and civil servants’ salary, remuneration, and other benefits. Above all, they learned more about the plan for policy reform of public administration 2015-2018 of the Ministry of Civil Affairs.
In appreciation for the i nvitation to attend the distinguished lecture at the Ministry of Civil Affairs, UC representatives presented the speakers with UC souvenirs.

domain: news


Hyper HyperDrive DUO 7-port 7-in-2 USB-C Hub Space Gray HD28C-GRAY
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HyperDrive delivers the fastest USB-C capable of 40Gbps data transfer, 5K video output, and 100W power delivery, all at the same time.
Dual USB-C Data & Power Delivery
HyperDrive is the only MacBook Pro/Air hub with two USB-C ports that support Power Delivery (PD) & Data (40Gbps/100W + 5Gbps/60W).
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Additional two USB-A 3.0 ports, microSD and SD memory card slots for quick data transfer. *Apple SuperDrive not supported.
MacBook Matching Design
Precision milled aluminum enclosure, available in Space Gray and Silver, with the same color, appearance, and design lines as the MacBook Pro/Air.
Ports: HDMI 4K60Hz; USB-C 40Gbps 100W PD (Thunderbolt 3 Compatible); USB-C 5GBPS 60W PD; 2 x USB-A 5Gbps; SD UHS-I; MicroSD UHS-I 104MB/s
Compatible Devices - Direct plug in: 2020/2019/2018/2017/2016 MacBook Pro; 2020/2018 MacBook Air
Compatible Devices - With included USB-C cable: 2015 MacBook w/ USB-C port; 2020/2019/2018 iPad Pro; 2015 MacBook (12 inch); 2020 iPad Air; Windows laptop with Thunderbolt 3 or USB-C*; Chrome OS laptop with USB-C*; Any other device with USB-C* Requires DisplayPort over USB-C + charge + data
(USB-A ports will not support Apple SuperDrive or charge iPads)
Product Dimensions: 4.5 x 1.61 x 0.35in
Product Weight: 42g
Our picking, packing and delivery is linked to what you order, where you want it delivered and how you choose to pay, so delivery times can vary. Estimates are provided below to help you shop, but always check your order’s Estimated Delivery Date during checkout for the most accurate delivery information.
|Delivery destination||Delivery time|
|Johannesburg, Pretoria Area||1-3 working days|
|Cape Town, Durban Area||2-4 working days|
|Outlying Areas||3-5 working days|
Applies to items that are marked as in stock at time of placing your order.
Banking details to pay for orders with an EFT from your own bank
Please ensure that you use only your order number as reference when paying via EFT. Your order number will be provided after you have completed your checkout and will start with the letters FSXXXXX


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President Ram Nath Kovind on Saturday referred to the Preamble of Constitution and said though legislature, executive and judiciary were the three organs of the modern state and yet people comprise the state on the ground and have the real power to decide the country's collective future.
In his address to the nation on the eve of Republic Day, Kovind said the Constitution came into effect on January 26 seven decades ago but the date had acquired special significance even before that.
Noting that the modern state comprises the three organs - legislature, executive and judiciary, he said they are necessarily interlinked and interdependent.
"Yet, on the ground, the people comprise the State. 'We the People' are the prime movers of the Republic. With us, the people of India rests the real power to decide our collective future," Kovind said.
The President said the people had embarked on a journey as a Republic on January 26.
"Having resolved to attain 'Purna Swaraj', our people had been celebrating 'Purna Swaraj Day' every January 26 from 1930 to 1947. That is why, in 1950 we embarked our journey as a Republic on the 26th January, affirming to the principles laid down in our Constitution" he said.

domain: history


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The writer and producer of the smash hit Nim's Island, based on the novel by Wendy Orr, brings you the much anticipated sequel, Return to Nim's Island, featuring Bindi Irwin in a wild ride filled with pristine beaches, exotic animals, dastardly pirates, and all your favorite characters from the original.
After his cruise ship discovery of Nim and her beautiful island, Edmund tries to explain the wonder of his find to his classmates only to find that nobody will believe him. Frustrated, Edmund runs away and sneaks aboard the same fateful cruise ship as his last adventure and steals a row boat to make his way to Nim's Island.
At the same time, Nim's world is turning upside down, as she's faced with the possibility of having to move to the mainland for her father to pursue his scientific research. Left alone for her last weekend on the island, Nim finds Edmund, as well as the pirate animal poachers that followed him! Soon, Nim and Edmund are in a stealth battle of cunning and wits to rescue her beloved sea lion Selkie.
For more films starring adventurous Mighty Girls, visit our Action / Adventure film section.

domain: artistic


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Watch Dusty Crophopper overcome his fear of heights and fulfill his dream of becoming a world-famous air racer from our free Planes coloring pages below.
Dusty is a rusty old propeller plane but has always dreamed of participating in a famous air race. But Dusty has a fear of heights. With the support of former Navy fighter Skipper and the help of friends, Dusty is ready to make his dream come true.
Dusty will help the little ones learn how to overcome their fears to realize their dreams. So, collect the free Planes coloring sheets below and let the kids unleash their creativity in the world of color and learn valuable lessons from Dusty’s efforts and his friendship.
Join the exciting adventure with unique planes in the animated movie Planes right now. Lots of fun things for the kids to explore. Have fun and get creative now!

domain: hobby


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Mason City Council moves to silence threats, disinformation by elected officials, employees
MASON — The City Council passed a controversial update Monday night to the city's ethics ordinance that would add violations for public officials and employees who make threats or spread misleading information at meetings, in news reports and "through electronic media."
Mayor Russ Whipple told councilmembers and the public on Monday that he wrote the new language to address concerns and comments he received from Board of Ethics members and city staff about what's considered an ethics violation.
"A city official shall not publicly make any statement regarding the city, the city council, a city council member, a city board or commission, a city board or commission member, or a city employee which is inaccurate when said official knew, or should have known, such statement was inaccurate," the ordinance reads in part. "A public statement shall include comments made in any public venue including a public meeting, the news media, or through electronic media."
The council voted 5-1 vote to approve the language. It needs to pass council a second time to become part of the city's ordinances. Vogel cast the lone no vote. Councilmember Scott Preadmore was absent from the meeting.
It comes nearly two weeks after the city's Board of Ethics dismissed a complaint against Councilperson Rita Vogel. Mason residents Vicki and Tom Whipple brought the complaint against Vogel earlier this year after she proposed the city formally recognize Malcolm X, who has strong ties to the area.
Russ Whipple's revisions included barring city employees from making threats about other employees or the city. Whipple added the ordinance is classified as aspirational, and there are no penalties outlined.
Whipple said he anticipated a robust debate.
Mason panel dismisses ethics complaint against councilwoman
"I fully expect us to have people who are concerned about this," he said. "I am going to be honest with you, I wanted to have the discussion. I wanted to throw the idea out there and have the discussion. If we can't fly it, we can't fly it. If the attorney points out something and says, 'This is a dumb idea,' we'll take it out."
Vogel, as well as several residents, disagreed changes were necessary and argued they would violate employees' First Amendment rights to freedom of speech. Vogel, who is a person of color, also criticized Whipple for the changes and said it felt like a personal attack on her because of the previously unfounded ethics complaint.
"We should let those complainers know that we're not going to investigate a freedom of speech issue. We should at least have some foundation of 'anyone can say anything' and that's totally OK," Vogel said.
Whipple had a complaint against him that was unfounded, he said during the meeting. He clarified the citizen-staffed board is required to review the complaints they receive and to determine if an investigation is warranted.
Vogel was accused of describing the city as racist and white supremacist. Vogel denies using the word racist and said her use of the phrase white supremacist was taken out of context. She made the point that regardless, she has a First Amendment right to say what she wishes without retribution.
The city's Board of Ethics dismissed the complaint in a unanimous vote.
Don Herzog is a law professor at the University of Michigan and specializes in politics, constitutional interpretations and the First Amendment.
The city's ordinance does not allow Vogel to "say whatever she likes" when she's at a city council meeting or representing Mason in official capacities, he said in an email. As a citizen, for example, she could make knowingly false statements but not do so as a public official. People who work in public positions don't have a right to call someone a jerk, he said.
Problems could arise if, during a meeting, she or anyone is silenced to shut out their political beliefs or other protected speech, Herzog wrote.
Mason cannot, however, impose restrictions on public discourse outside of city hall such as at parks and businesses, or on social media, he added.
A government cannot always regulate speech for being false, Herzog wrote. If a person said former President Barack Obama is a Muslim who was born in Kenya in a public space, a public body cannot penalize that person.
"Can Mason tell its council members, 'Don't say stuff that you know or should know is false/inaccurate?' Yes."
Support local journalism and get unlimited digital access! Subscribe for only $1 for three months!
Contact reporter Krystal Nurse at 517-267-1344 or firstname.lastname@example.org. Follow her on Twitter @KrystalRNurse.

domain: law


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The Art Department at a Glance
The Art Department resides in the James F. Miller Fine Arts Center on the Keck Campus of Linfield College. This facility offers students beautiful studios and work spaces.
The department offers courses in foundations, drawing, painting, printmaking, photography, alternative and electronic media, sculpture, ceramics, and ceramic sculpture. Regularly offered art history courses cover a range of topics including non-Western visual cultures, modern and postmodern art, and the history of photography. The department also has several non-traditional studio offerings, such as a course in alternative media, which deals with performance art, conceptual art and video. Additional studio offerings include electronic media and digital photography.
Most of the department's courses satisfy the Linfield Curriculum's Creative Studies requirement, and several of the art history courses also satisfy the Vital Past, American Pluralisms, and Global Diversity requirements.
The design, drawing, photography, ceramics, and art history courses are open to all students; other studio courses numbering 300 and above normally have prerequisites.
Art majors are required to take two- and three-dimensional design and drawing; three studio electives of their choice; studio practices; portfolio development and gallery management courses; and three art history courses, including an introductory course to visual culture and two courses on modern and postmodern art. As seniors, majors may elect to take the thesis seminar and present a thesis exhibition at the end of their senior year. 20-credit studio and visual culture minors are also offered.
See other pages on this site for greater detail about these and other aspects of the Linfield College Art Department.


In electrical engineering, the power factor of an AC electrical power system is defined as the ratio of the real power flowing to the load to the apparent power in the circuit, and is a dimensionless number in the closed interval of -1 to 1. A power factor of less than one means that the voltage and current waveforms are not in phase, reducing the instantaneous product of the two waveforms (V x I). Real power is the capacity of the circuit for performing work in a particular time. Apparent power is the product of the current and voltage of the circuit. Due to energy stored in the load and returned to the source, or due to a non-linear load that distorts the wave shape of the current drawn from the source, the apparent power will be greater than the real power. A negative power factor occurs when the device (which is normally the load) generates power, which then flows back towards the source, which is normally considered the generator.
In an electric power system, a load with a low power factor draws more current than a load with a high power factor for the same amount of useful power transferred. The higher currents increase the energy lost in the distribution system, and require larger wires and other equipment. Because of the costs of larger equipment and wasted energy, electrical utilities will usually charge a higher cost to industrial or commercial customers where there is a low power factor.
Power in an electric circuit is the rate of energy consumption or production as currents flow through various parts comprising the circuit. In alternating current circuits, immediate power transferred through any phase varies periodically. Energy storage elements such as inductors and capacitors may result in periodic reversals of the direction of energy flow. The portion of power that, averaged over a complete cycle of the AC waveform, results in net transfer of energy in one direction is known as active power (sometimes also called real power). The portion of power due to stored energy, which returns to the source in each cycle, is known as reactive power.
Active, reactive, and apparent power
In a simple alternating current (AC) circuit consisting of a source and a linear load, both the current and voltage are sinusoidal. If the load is purely resistive, the two quantities reverse their polarity at the same time. At every instant the product of voltage and current is positive or zero, with the result that the direction of energy flow does not reverse. In this case, only active power is transferred.
Active Power designs, manufactures, sells, and services flywheel-based uninterruptible power supply (UPS) products that use kinetic energy to provide short-term power as an alternative to conventional battery-based UPS products. The company also designs and manufactures modular infrastructure solutions that integrate critical power components into a pre-packaged, purpose built enclosure that can include Active Power’s UPS products as a component.
The company’s products and solutions support and enable mission critical applications that cannot tolerate downtime due to a power disturbance across a number of industries including data centers, industrial/manufacturing, healthcare, transportation, broadcast, government, and casino/gaming. To date, Active Power has shipped more than 4,000 flywheels in UPS systems, delivering more than 1 gigawatt of critical backup power to customers in more than 50 countries around the world.
Active Power was founded in 1992 as Magnetic Bearing Technologies, Inc., where the company manufactured magnetic bearings for a variety of applications.


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Keep up to date on new policies, statements, submission opportunities, updates and any other important news or dates.
Domestic and Family Violence Perpetrator Strategy Consultation
The Department of Justice and Attorney General is developing a Queensland domestic and family violence perpetrator strategy to strengthen responses to persons using violence. The strategy is being informed by findings of the Women’ s Safety and Justice Taskforce and DFV Death Review and Advisory Board, and will guide efforts to strengthen current approaches to responding to persons using violence.
The Consultation paper is seeking community input to inform the development of the strategy. The paper outlines the growing evidence relating to persons using violence and how best to respond to their behaviours while keeping victim-survivors safe. It supports discussion and reflection on the current interventions available to respond to persons using violence, and asks what else we can do to improve the system that holds people accountable for their actions while supporting them to change their abusive behaviours.
First Action Plan 2023-2027
All Australian governments have agreed to concrete actions and measurable targets to end gender-based violence within a generation with the release of two Action Plans under the National Plan to End Violence against Women and Children 2022-2032.
The First Action Plan (2023-2027) provides a roadmap for the first 5 year effort towards achieving the vision of the National Plan. It sets out the initial scope of activities, areas for action and responsibility with respect to outcomes, and outlining how we will make the commitments set out in the National Plan a reality.
The First Action Plan set targets to end violence, including a 25% annual reduction in female victims of intimate partner homicide. There are also targets to see more people across the community reject violence against women.
Fair Agenda University Sexual Violence Campaign
Everyone deserves to learn in a safe environment. But right now universities are failing students when it comes to sexual violence prevention and response. In fact every single week 275 students are being sexually assaulted in a uni context.
Most universities are failing to take even basic steps, including: ensuring teaching staff don’t have a history of using sexual violence; and that student survivors don’t have to sit in the same classroom as the person who raped them.
Add your name to join Fair Agenda and End Rape on Campus in calling for an independent, expert-led oversight mechanism, like a Taskforce on University Sexual Violence.
Growing with Change: Our Watch Resource
This report from Our Watch looks at why the development of an expert workforce is necessary to prevent violence against women. It seeks to understand the current national prevention workforce, the national policy context and considers how a strong national prevention workforce will be built and sustained into the future.
The success of Australia’s efforts to prevent violence against women depends in part on the size and strength of an expert, national primary prevention workforce and the capacity of this workforce to plan, implement, scale-up, monitor and evaluate primary prevention initiatives.
The paper identifies five key elements that should be considered as part of a national approach to increase the prevention workforce’s size, capability, coordination and sustainability into the future.
Our Watch will be holding a webinar to explore the insights from this paper later in the year.
First Nations Gender Justice & Equality Institute
Have your say! TheWiyi Yani U Thangani National Summit need your expertise to inform the development of the Framework for Action and the First Nations Gender Justice and Equality Institute.
Following the landmark Wiyi Yani U Thangani Summit where we heard the dreams of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women and girls for gender justice and equality, it is time for action.
The National Framework for Action will be an overarching roadmap, to provide structural support for the diverse work taking place across communities and regions in respect to First Nations gender justice and equality.
Provider your feedback through the short survey.
What's Next for ParentsNext?
The Department of Employment and Workplace Relations is designing a new voluntary service that supports parents who care for young children. The service will replace ParentsNext (to be abolished from 1 July 2024).
The new service will be for parents who receive a parenting payment, to help them to plan for their future education and employment goals.
The Department have already started talking to stakeholders to inform the consultation approach, with formal consultations to open in July 2023.
Check out the consultation web page and subscribe to receive email updates about the consultations and the new service.
Queensland Sentencing Advisory Council Review
The Queensland Sentencing Advisory Council has extended the time to provide preliminary feedback on its review on sentencing for rape and sexual assault offences and the aggravating factor domestic and family violence offences.
The review will consider how sexual assault and rape offences are sentenced in Queensland and the impact of changes made to the law in 2015 and 2016 affecting the sentencing of domestic violence offences in Queensland.
The Council invites written feedback addressing any or all aspects of the Terms of Reference.
Feedback received at this preliminary stage will assist the Council in identifying issues for further investigation over the next phase of the review and in developing our Consultation Papers.
The due date for submissions is now Friday 7th July.
Feedback can be provided by email at: firstname.lastname@example.org.
National Women's Safety Alliance Working Group
The National Women's Safety Alliance are now seeking expressions of interest to become a member of their newest working group on sexual violence.
The sexual violence working group will meet every six weeks via Teams, and will bring together voices from across the sector to collaborate with policymakers to help inform and expand the Government’s understanding of sexual violence affecting Australian women.
Members of the working group will support NWSA public consultations and evidence gathering, including by promoting consultations through their stakeholder networks to encourage participation and involvement, actively seeking representation from underrepresented women. This group will have a particular focus on sexual violence law reform.
The working group's full terms of reference are available on request.
If you would like to make an expression of interest, please email email@example.com. The EOI period closes on Monday, 31st July 2023.
Draft National Strategy for the Care and Support Economy
The Draft National Strategy for the Care and Support Economy has been released. This strategy sets a road map of actions to a sustainable and productive care and support economy that delivers quality care with decent jobs.
The care and support economy is the provision of paid care and support care. The care and support economy has a two-fold impact on women’s economic equality – women make up the majority of workers in these sectors, and are more likely to provide unpaid care when formal services are not available.
The draft strategy focuses on paid care and support services in:
disability care and support
early childhood education and care
Sitting beside the strategy will be a road map and a series of action plans. The action plans will be developed iteratively and will outline practical steps towards the strategy’s objectives.
Senate Inquiry into Universal Access to Reproductive Healthcare
The Senate has released the report following the Inquiry into Universal Reproductive Health in Australia, titled "Ending the postcode lottery: Addressing barriers to sexual, maternity and reproductive healthcare in Australia". EVAWQ were lucky enough to contribute some key recommendations for the Queensland context, and MC member Daile Kelleher (CEO of Children by Choice) provided extensive advocacy for the Inquiry.
There are 36 recommendations to improved access, including Medicare, practitioners, affordability, birthing on country, public hospitals, intersectionality, and reproductive coercion.


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Stay granted, Reibercrombie back in Levy
March 23, 2012
« Return to News
Reibercrombie will compete in the George Morton Levy Memorial Series at Yonkers on Saturday night. Owner Steve Calhoun appealed the ruling of the New York State Racing and Wagering Board, which honored the horse's suspension in Ontario, and a stay was granted.
Earlier in the week, according to the New York State Racing and Wagering Board director of communications Lee Park, Reibercrombie's scratch came after "the presiding judges at every track in New York have been instructed to honor stewards' list prohibitions from any jurisdiction."
Reibercrombie won a division of the second round of the Cam Fella Series March 3 at Woodbine Racetrack, but had the positive for the Class III drug Ephedrine and Phenylpropanolamine after a second-place finish in the Cam Fella opener on Feb. 25. Reibercrombie was suspended 90 days, from March 20 through May 3. Trainer Casie Coleman, who shares ownership of Reibercrombie with Steve Calhoun, was given a 45-day suspension from March 20 through May 3 and a $5,000 fine. She will also have to serve two years probation following the ending of the suspension.


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There are a few different ways to manage customer rebates. One common approach is to use a spreadsheet to track all of the rebates that are due to customers. This can be a time-consuming and error-prone process, but it can be effective for small businesses with a limited number of rebates.
Another approach is to use a dedicated rebate management software solution. Rebate management software can automate many of the tasks involved in managing rebates, such as calculating rebates, generating rebate checks, and tracking rebate payments. This can save businesses a significant amount of time and effort, and it can help to ensure that rebates are calculated and paid out accurately.
Here are some best practices for managing customer rebates:
- Have a clear and well-defined rebate policy in place. This policy should outline the different types of rebates that are available, the criteria that customers must meet to qualify for rebates, and the process for submitting and processing rebate claims.
- Track all rebate transactions carefully. This includes tracking the rebates that are due to customers, the rebates that have been paid out, and any outstanding rebates.
- Reconcile rebates regularly. This will help to ensure that all rebates have been calculated and paid out accurately.
- Use a rebate management software solution if possible. Rebate management software can automate many of the tasks involved in managing rebates, and it can help to ensure that rebates are calculated and paid out accurately.

domain: economics


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Sullivan, a registered nurse who formerly served as an occupational health manager for Schneider National, was awarded the first corporate sleep apnea achievement award from ASAA for her involvement with the implementation of a detection and treatment program aimed at drivers who suffer from obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).
According to the association, the award was given "in recognition of the development of a work place program to screen employees at risk of sleep apnea and providing a compassionate treatment program for those diagnosed." ASAA is a non-profit organization dedicated to educating the public about sleep apnea and to serving people with the disorder.
At Schneider, Sullivan received several awards and nominations for her involvement in driver health and safety issues, including Safety Presidential and National Sleep Foundation awards. "We spent nearly three years working with PPD on developing Schneider's sleep apnea program," Sullivan said. "That effort has resulted in significant cost saving and health benefits for the carrier."
Schneider's program has also generated awareness within the trucking industry and educated drivers about the disorder. "Now that I work for PPD," Sullivan said, " I'm looking forward to the opportunity to bring that knowledge to the rest of the trucking industry. The possibility of improving the health, safety and retention of our industry's drivers is just too great to not share."
Founded in 2005 by sleep specialist Dr. Mark B. Berger, Precision Pulmonary Diagnostics (PPD) is headquartered in Houston, Texas. PPD's patent-pending programs allow administration of employer-driven sleep apnea programs that include web-based screening tools, diagnosis, treatment and monitoring of this highly prevalent condition.
For more information, visit www.precisionpulmonary.com.

domain: medical


Arsène Wenger has responded angrily to his Arsenal side’s 0-1 defeat to Swansea City last night, gesticulating wildly towards opposite number Garry Monk and questioning his tactics.
PLUS! DON’T MISS: The best Arsenal 4th jokes after 0-1 Swansea loss
The Swansea tactics, cautious, brought home the ‘Premier League points’ bacon when Bafétimbi Gomis’s late header crept over the line amidst a flurry of hilarity and despairing eye-rolling.
Although Wenger’s Gunners are generally foiled by such strategies at least a couple of times a season, that didn’t stop the Frenchman from throwing his arms up in the air – Gallicly, at that – and roaring “what the f*** was that s***, Garry?”.
Taking a moment out from combing his hair in the mirror and uttering “lookin’ sharp, Gaz”, Monk fixed Wenger’s gaze before slowly raising his middle finger with a grin.
He said: “And what, Arsène? Kessker too fay, eh? I mean, wharrayou gonna do about it?
“You’ve got a team stuffed with £35m players, you belter. We’ve got Jack Cork. So shut your croissant hole.”
That really stuck in Wenger’s craw.
Speaking exclusively to our bitter Stateside rivals Soccer Belch, Wenger admitted he was still in the process of formulating an official response.
He said: “I think I’m going to go with ‘jerk store’, but I’m not going to rush it.”


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Grand Theft Auto: Chinatown Wars - PSP - Review
The good folks at Rockstar have made Grand Theft Auto fans proud when they released the amazing Grand Theft Auto: Liberty City Stories and Grand Theft Auto: Vice City Stories on the PSP and actually made it work. Even Nintendo DS owners got a taste of GTA goodness with an excellent title that including fun touch screen mini-games. Now, Grand Theft Auto: Chinatown Wars comes to the PSP and makes the transition beautifully.
Chinatown Wars follows Huang Lee who has come to Liberty City after the murder of his father to deliver a ceremonial sword to his Uncle Kenny that would ensure that his family would not fall out of the Triad’s good graces. What he gets instead is assaulted soon after he gets off the plane and left for dead. Cleaning himself up, he heads to his uncle’s place of operations to not only get the sword back but to make a name for himself in the process.
Of course, this means going on a path of destruction and crime that includes pushing narcotics, stealing from those that cross the Triads and kill any rival that tries to stand in his way. Like in past Grand Theft Auto games you’ll be accepting missions for various sources and characters you meet throughout the game. Also like past GTA games, you can simply cruise the streets of Liberty City looking for trouble and do the missions whenever you feel like it.
Liberty City is a massive city with many locales to explore and many side missions to take on whether you decide to hijack a taxi or ambulance and make money that way or play delivery boy by delivering noodles or even narcotics. There are a number of elements GTA fans will recognize from past visits to Liberty City from Francis International Airport in Broker to Middle Park in Algonquin.
Huang’s path to save his family name and find those responsible for his father’s death takes him through numerous missions throughout the city starting with missions Uncle Kenny issues. Along the way you’ll get missions from a nut named Zhou and mobster D’Avanzo just to name a few of the people you will be working for during the course of the game’s story. The missions range from wheelman missions, breaking through a police blockade or assassinating a target for the mafia. There are even seven PSP exclusive missions that add more bang for your buck, including a mission that has you working for a woman named Mel who is trying to break into network news journalism … the wrong way.
The numerous missions are considerably fun and this is part of the reason the game manages to vault over Liberty City Stories and Vice City Stories. I mean, the game even allows you to walk into a store and buy lottery tickets! There are even cool races and stunt jumps to perform. The best part, however, comes in the action as well as car chases. Run over a pedestrian in front of a cop and your wanted rating goes up and you’ll find yourself trying to evade them in a car chase that has you attempting to knock the squad car out of the way.
With much to see and do, Huang can even purchase new safe houses complete with internet access like in GTA IV. Speaking of computers, you get a portable Badger device with its PDA, e-mail, a GPS map and the ability to save your game. There’s even multiplayer fun to be had in the game but it is reserved to only one friend that allows you to race them as well as play co-op game called Defend the Base. All of this is done through an Ad Hoc connection and while the framerate can stutter here and there the multiplayer action is still loads of fun. Meanwhile, Infrastructure mode is used to post your stats on the leader board, join virtual events, compete and even earn new missions and earn items or vehicles via Rockstar’s Social Club website.
While the game may look like the first GTA games with its top down view, the action feels just as good as past games in the series. The on-foot controls work nicely since you can target enemies easily during gun fights, perform roundhouse or flying jump kicks and make defensive dives. The driving controls also work, although occasionally the camera doesn’t cooperate to offer the best view. Still, all the cars handle differently and yes they can be totaled during car chases.
The mini-games from the Nintendo DS version are back and while they were more entertaining on the DS’ touch screen they are still nice to have in the PSP version of the game. The mini-games have your moving the analog stick around or press the shoulder buttons to hotwire a stolen vehicle, make your own Molotov cocktail and breaking locks.
As far as the graphics are concerned, the PSP version looks quite spectacular seeing as it recreates the city in its own stylized manner. The cut scenes are handled beautifully as well and you have to love the visual effects that have day turn into night and gunfire flash. Explosions take on a better effect than on the DS so the PSP certainly is in a class of its own.
There are numerous radio stations catering to just most musical tastes whether you like hard rock, reggae and electronica just to name a few music genres represented in Liberty City’s radio stations. While the game doesn’t add voices to the characters during cut scenes, most of the few voice clips you’ll hear come from the pedestrians. There are solid sound effects in the game that make the city seem alive and that are a very good thing.
Without a doubt one of the most impressive and undeniable enjoyable games on the PSP, Grand Theft Auto: Chinatown Wars is one of those games that GTA fans will simply adore. Packed with all the things we love about this series and then adding its own unique twist, you can expect a surprisingly deep and involving game that will have you happily playing for hours. If you love your PSP or PSPgo, do pick this one up immediately.
Review Scoring Details for Grand Theft Auto: Chinatown Wars
There are a number of missions you can take on and the good news is that the majority of them are downright addictively fun. Even the police chases, stunt jobs and taxi/ambulance/delivery jobs are more fun than in the console games. The mini games are simply Ok but we’re happy they included them.
The visuals are sharp and crisp on the PSP and the cut scenes look good throughout the game. Liberty City is huge even on the widescreen with some familiar locales fans of the series will surely recognize. The are also cool explosion effects in the game.
There aren’t voices for the main characters but you’ll hear a few voices from the pedestrians walking the streets. The sound effects are plentiful and the radio stations offer a number of cool instrumental tunes.
The missions aren’t incredibly difficult to complete but there are times when you’ll flub a few missions. Gunfights are fierce and challenging in this game and some car chases or races will make you really work hard.
Chinatown Wars fits an impressive number of features that make this a game with a lot to do and much of what you’ll do is true to the GTA games. There are plenty of weapons, vehicles and side missions that will keep gamers from being bored. There are new missions for the PSP version including extra rampages as well as multiplayer via Ad Hoc.
Aside from the online community features via the Social Club website, the only multiplayer action you can share with a friend is handled via Ad Hoc. Still the game modes are fun with Stash Dash (complete with five different scenarios) and Defend the Base (a co-op game mode) are two of the best.
One of the best Grand Theft Auto games to grace the PSP so far, Chinatown Wars makes our return to Liberty City an utterly brilliant and addictive gem. With amazing missions, a great story and plenty to do in the city, this game is just non-stop fun from start to finish. Forget the DS; this game truly shines on the PSP.

domain: game


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The famous comedy TKSS is back with more entertaining features. Well, The Kapil Sharma show is ready to entertain the fans. People love the show for its amazing fun and great comedy characters in the show. They are doing very well on the show. This is an ongoing show with great TRP on television. This is the program where you can know all the details about the program. People are hitting the search engine to get all the details about the show. Who will be the next guest on the show? What will the show be like? Let’s continue the article.
Kapil Sharma episode July 22, 2023
Kapil Sharma Show is back with another season to entertain the audience. Currently, fans are waiting for the next episode of the series. The latest episode will be very interesting and entertaining as famous actors Aditya Roy Kapoor, Anil Kapoor, Shobhita Dhulipala, Arjun Bijlani, Ravi Behl and Tillotame Shome will be coming to the show as guests and Kapil will Welcome them grandly. applause. There are still a few things to tell you about the program, which you will find in the next section of the article.
Based on the promotional videos, the show will be interesting and entertaining. You will see in the show that all the guests will enjoy the show wonderfully. You will see that Kapil will tell Anil Kapoor that Anil Kapoor’s last appearance in the last episode of the season was the last and it has been over for a while. Now Anil Kapoor is on stage again and today is the day. last episode. He asked Anil if he liked meddling in people’s work or if he liked the last part. There are still some things to tell you about the show and let’s talk more in-depth on the show.
According to the promotional video, Kapil will tell Shobhita that if she hears about Nobita. So let us tell you that Shobhita is famous as Nobita in Zumano. You will see all the characters will create magic to share some incidents. You will see Kapil will sing a very famous energetic song Bidi Jalai Le Jigar Se Piya. They all danced together on the show. It’s going to be a great episode. You can watch the full episode on Sony TV at 9pm. Follow us for more updates.
Source: The Kapil Sharma Show 22nd July 2023 Full Episode: Today’s Guest Aditya Roy Kapoor, Anil Kapoor, More – Tekmonk Bio, The Kapil Sharma Show 22nd July 2023 Full Episode: Today’s Guest Aditya Roy Kapoor, Anil Kapoor, More – KOLNetworth, The Kapil Sharma Show 22nd July 2023 Full Episode: Today’s Guest Aditya Roy Kapoor, Anil Kapoor, More – Blogtomoney


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Accelerating agricultural restructuring towards large-scale and high-tech production became critical for the sector involving 70 per cent of the country’s population but contributing just below 20 per cent of the country’s gross domestic product (GDP).
Avocado fruits were packaged for export. Viet Nam is seeking measures to promote exports of agricultural products.
At a recent working session with the Prime Minister’s economic consultants team, Minister of Agriculture and Rural Development Nguyen Xuan Cuong said the agricultural sector was facing growing competition and technical barriers.
Cuong said the restructuring process helped improve the production capacity significantly with many products now in surplus. Tiếp tục đọc “VN seeks to accelerate agricultural restructuring”

domain: agronomy


Voices’ an emotional compilation of anxious songs
Chris McGrady | Thursday, February 16, 2006
Bring out the Kleenex and hide all the sharp objects before listening to this beauty of a CD. Matchbook Romance, the emo-group hailing from Poughkeepsie, New York recently released “Voices,” its latest effort under the Epitaph label. If painting on copious amounts of black eyeliner and spiking your black hair up isn’t quite enough to express the sadness you are now feeling, this album is for you.
Matchbook Romance, known in a previous life as the band Getaway, is classified most often as “emo,” which is short for “emotional.” These melodic rockers are unique not only for their sound, but also for the way the band got started.
The group first formed when bassist Ryan Kienle, vocalist/guitarist Andrew Johnson and drummer Aaron Stern’s band Fizzlewink added Ryan DePaolo as another guitarist and became the band Getaway. Rather than take the tried and true method of trying to start as a small-time band touring between various cities and spending hours on the highway, the group decided to jump on the information super-highway and put many of its tracks on the website MP3.com.
The group’s music began to spread, particularly through the East coast of the United States and eventually found it’s way to the ears of Brad Gurewitz of Epitaph Records. Getaway was signed to the label and after some legal issues, changed its name to Matchbook Romance.
The group’s newest effort “Voices” is difficult to navigate. The CD offers to the listener a variety of musical options – melodic harmonies, shredding metal sounds, piano serenades and catchy riffs. The music’s biggest problem actually lies in its diversity, something that is fairly unusual. Most albums can be bolstered by a degree of musical variety throughout the tracks. However, in “Voices,” it makes the listener feel like he or she is jumping around genres and does not let them settle into any kind of mood. The best CDs are not only about the quality of the individual tracks but also how they are presented to the listener and how they make them feel. This CD leaves the listener feeling anxious and, frankly, a little sad. Then again, maybe that was the group’s goal.
Some of the tracks that stand out as strong points on the CD are numbers five and 10. “Monsters” (track five) is the catchiest song of the album and will have even the most morose of emo-kids bouncing up and down like a giddy-school girl. Track 10, “What A Sight,” brings the album together by slowing it down a notch. Well-written and full of emotion (surprise, surprise), this song definitely warrants a listen.
The CD all together does justice to Matchbook Romance’s cause as a legitimate band. However, the group’s biggest strength (the pure emotion of the music) is also its biggest fault. This Achilles heel can make the listener feel like they are listening to a screaming drama-queen at times.
Overall the album is a good effort if a listener likes this type of music. Although not nearly as strong as the group’s previous works, Matchbook Romance continues to make a case as being an essential part of any emo collection.


That may seem a rather harsh heading, but how else to describe the Bush Administration’s cynical issuing of about seventy Executive Orders to rescind environmental regulations before President-Elect Barack Obama takes office?
An example of regulation change is that affecting coal mine waste, as cited by The Wilderness Society:
“We expect the Bush administration to rescind a 1983 regulation adopted during the Reagan administration that protects streams from the dumping of wastes from coal strip mining. The current Office of Surface Mining rule prohibits wastes from coal mines from being deposited in streams. The Bush administration proposal would rescind this protection for streams, allowing for the further expansion of a coal mining technique known as “mountain-top removal,” where mining companies literally blow up the tops of mountains to reach coal seams and dispose of the waste rock in stream valleys.”
There is some hope for relief from this attack. An analysis at Congressional Quarterly explains how Congress may act to overturn some of these Executive Orders, if it moves fast enough and if the concerns of conservative Democrats can be satisfied.


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Cops: Teen charged in teacher killing had bloody box cutter
SALEM, Mass. — A teen charged with raping and killing his high school math teacher had a bloody box cutter and women’s underwear in his backpack when he was detained, according to two police officers who testified at a hearing Friday.
Topsfield Officers Neal Hovey and Joseph DeBernardo said in court that they found Philip Chism, now 15, on a poorly lit stretch of a roadway carrying Colleen Ritzer’s ID and credit cards.
After bringing Chism back to the police station, Hovey said they found the box cutter and panties in his backpack.
When Hovey asked him whose blood was on the box cutter, the officers said Chism replied: “The girl.”
DeBernardo said he asked Chism where the girl was. He responded: “Buried in the woods.”
The officer then said he asked: “Can we help her?” Chism said, “No.”
The officers were testifying at a hearing where a judge is considering a request by Chism’s lawyers to have his confession suppressed.
Chism’s lawyers say police coerced him into waiving his rights and making detailed statements about the murder.
But prosecutors maintain that Chism and his mother never absolutely invoked the need for a lawyer. They say Chism’s mother considered it but ultimately left it to her son to decide if he wanted to speak with law enforcement, which he did.
Chism, 15, has been charged as an adult with murder and aggravated rape in the October 2013 slaying of Ritzer, a popular 24-year-old teacher at Danvers High School. He has pleaded not guilty.
The police officers testifying Friday said when they found Chism walking late at night along Route 1, he appeared evasive and didn’t make eye contact, saying he was heading “nowhere” and had been “walking for days” with a backpack that had “survival gear.”
The officers said they drove Chism back to the police station after learning he was a teen who had been reported missing in nearby Danvers that night.
The officers said they read Chism his rights after he said the blood on the box cutter was from “the girl.” They testified Chism understood his rights and continued to answer questions from the officers. They also said they took his sneakers, sweatshirt and a ski mask, all of which appeared to have blood on them.
The hearing is expected to continue with testimony Jan. 16 after which the judge will rule on the defense’s request to suppress the confession. Chism’s lawyers have also requested to seal from public view Chism’s confession and the interrogation videotape.
Authorities say surveillance video from Oct. 22, 2013, shows Chism following Ritzer into the bathroom, wearing gloves and a hood, then later walking out of the bathroom alone.
A short time later, the video shows Chism pulling a recycling barrel through the school and outside.
Ritzer’s body was later found in nearby woods, naked from the waist down and with her throat slit and a note that read, “I hate you all.”
A recycling barrel was found near Ritzer’s body. Authorities said she was sexually assaulted with a stick.
Prosecutors alleged in previous court filings that after killing Ritzer, Chism took her cellphone, which he destroyed, and her wallet, from which he used a credit card to buy fast food and attend a movie at the mall.
Chism, who had recently moved to Massachusetts from Clarksville, Tennessee, has also pleaded not guilty to attempted murder and other charges stemming from an assault on a Department of Youth Services worker while in custody for Ritzer’s murder.


Ladies, rejoice! The Transit Pant is waterproof and rugged, made with a 3-layer waterproof breathable Artex material. A generous helping of reflective trim keeps you visible during low-light hours. Ankle zippers help these rain trousers slide on and off over shoes easily. Includes a mesh stuff sack for pants storage during bike commute hours.
- Waterproof breathable Artex Hardshell 3L ripstop fabric
- Seam-taped for wind and waterproofness
- Articulated knees
- Ankle zips for easy on/off over shoes
- Cinch straps keep pant legs away from chain and crank
- Reflective trims for low-light visibility
- Mesh stuff sack included for easy packing


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She is seductive and charming, yet behind her deceptively well-behaved appearance lies a beautifully assertive personality. With all the freshness of youth, this young lover reveals herself as by turns naïve and ingénue, brazen, soft, sweet and exuberant. About to marry the young Jean-Paul Guerlain, the perfumer made his first feminine olfactory creation for her, his bride, as proof of his love. A fresh, refined and youthful work, it hints at a voluptuous sensuality. A fragrant lover’s language filled with honeysuckle accord, a floral accord, notes of undergrowth and sandalwood. The passionate flame of young love with a timeless charm. Young love’s oath with timeless charm.
Capacity :75 ML
A legend of first kisses punctuated with notes of honeysuckle accord and sandalwood
This fragrant song opens with hesperidium followed by an airy rhythm set by notes of honeysuckle accord. This melody is echoed by a gardenia, jasmine and ylang-ylang floral accord followed by the soft music of undergrowth, sandalwood and vanilla notes.
Harvested in France, Guerlain’s moss is first processed into a concrete before being transformed into an absolute. Tree moss absolute brings a woody and earthy note to perfume.
Sandalwood essence comes mainly from Australia where the wood is harvested and distilled. Sandalwood gives fragrance a woody, creamy note.
The honeysuckle accord is an original Guerlain creation made by its perfumers. This accord expresses the olfactory floral, honeyed scent of honeysuckle.
Disclaimer : Guerlain product ingredient listings are updated periodically. Before using a Guerlain product, please read the ingredient list on the packaging of your product to be sure that the ingredients are appropriate for your personal use.
In 1962 Chant d’Arômes was the first women’s fragrance to be composed by Jean-Paul Guerlain.
Artwork: Draeger, Guerlain Archives, 1969
A LEGENDARY BOTTLE
Designed by Raymond Guerlain in 1912, its iconic “inverted heart” bottle is underscored with graceful scrolls typical of Art Nouveau. Its avant-garde stopper, in the form of a hollowed heart, evokes the delicate romanticism of this perfumery masterpiece and represented a real technical feat at the time.
Make your perfume unique with a free personalised engraving.
Since 2007, Guerlain is committed to preserving biodiversity, innovating sustainably, acting for the climate and creating a positive social impact. Above all, we seek to protect one of Nature’s most precious wonders: bees.
Heir to Guerlain’s exceptional heritage, Les Légendaires collection pays tribute to legendary creations composed by five generations of perfumers since 1828.
Inspired by a series of love stories, both real and imagined, each fragrance infused with raw materials leaves a glorious scent of emotion in its wake. With their emblematic, gem-like bottles, the famous inverted heart designed by Raymond Guerlain, Les Légendaires transcends the passing of time, serving as immortal inspiration for the future.
Rediscover the essence of these beautiful love stories as told by the maison Guerlain.


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Approximate $50 monthly decrease expected for typical residential customers.
BELLEVILLE, Ill.–(BUSINESS WIRE)–Illinois American Water President Justin Ladner today announced the Company’s acquisition of the Concordia Water Cooperative water distribution system, located in an unincorporated area west of Belleville near Millstadt. The purchase adds approximately 150 water customers to the Metro East service area.
“We have a long history – over 145 years – of providing quality water service across Illinois, including on a wholesale basis to Concordia Water Cooperative since October 2011. We are proud of our track record and look forward to serving these customers directly and building on our relationship with them,” said Ladner.
The Concordia Water Cooperative voted in favor of the sale in July 2019. The Illinois Commerce Commission (ICC) approved the sale for $1.7 million. The sale was completed today.
Cooperative President Sherman Woy said, “customers will benefit from the sale.” He said, “We are familiar with Illinois American Water and praise their standards. Customers will continue to receive safe, reliable water service from a company that has served this region well for many years. In addition, customers will experience a significant decrease in rates as a result of the sale.”
Typical residential Concordia Water Cooperative customers are expected to see bills decrease by about $50.25 a month. This is based on monthly usage of 3,500 gallons and a 5/8-inch meter. The decrease is a result of customers no longer being required to reimburse the Water Cooperative for the installation of the community water system infrastructure which replaced residential wells.
Joe Ahlvin, senior manager of operations for Illinois American Water’s Southern Division, said, “We are excited to serve Concordia Water Cooperative customers directly. We are familiar with the community and their needs. We look forward to continuing our involvement and being a good neighbor.”
Ahlvin also said the company is committed to upgrading the water distribution system. Ongoing maintenance and improvements will support continued reliability and service to customers.
New customers will receive an Illinois American Water welcome packet in the mail. This packet will include information about online account management, billing and more. To learn more about Illinois American Water and hear testimonials from communities the company has partnered, please visit the Doing Business with Us page under About Us at www.illinoisamwater.com.
About Illinois American Water – Illinois American Water, a subsidiary of American Water (NYSE: AWK), is the largest investor-owned water utility in the state, providing high-quality and reliable water and/or wastewater services to approximately 1.3 million people. American Water also operates a customer service center in Alton and a quality control and research laboratory in Belleville. With a history dating back to 1886, American Water is the largest and most geographically diverse U.S. publicly traded water and wastewater utility company. The company employs more than 6,800 dedicated professionals who provide regulated and market-based drinking water, wastewater and other related services to 15 million people in 46 states. American Water provides safe, clean, affordable and reliable water services to our customers to make sure we keep their lives flowing. For more information, visit amwater.com and follow American Water on Twitter, Facebook and LinkedIn.
Illinois American Water ranked #1 in Customer Satisfaction
with Large Water Utilities in the Midwest according to the J.D. Power 2020 Water Utility Residential Customer Satisfaction Study
For J.D. Power 2020 award information, visit jdpower.com/awards
Karen Cotton, External Affairs Manager, 309.566.4126 or email@example.com


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SAN DIEGO – July 25, 2011 – With the upcoming school year quickly approaching, Ronald McDonald is encouraging kids to get excited about learning through his magical reading program, “It’s Book Time with Ronald McDonald!™”
This 35-minute, fun-filled and educational program will take Ronald McDonald to 18 libraries in San Diego County throughout the month of August. The show, designed specifically for students in elementary school, includes a sock-puppet bookworm named Stoogie, and a creative mix of music, magic and games that will encourage children to make time every day for reading.
“Ronald McDonald has been bringing joy to children for decades and is actively involved in teaching valuable lessons to kids through a variety of programs and interactive skits,” said Phil Palumbo, president of San Diego County McDonald’s Owner/Operator Association. “We are delighted that Ronald will be visiting San Diego to bring his excitement for books to kids and introduce the concept of ‘Book Time’ to local children.”
McDonald’s worked in conjunction with “Get Caught Reading,” a nationwide campaign to remind people of all ages how much fun it is to read, to develop “It’s Book Time with Ronald McDonald.” In addition to visiting libraries, Ronald will be working with San Diego schools to bring this program and others into the classroom.
For a full list of libraries that Ronald will be visiting in August, please visit www.SDMcDonalds.com/Ronald-McDonald.aspx or see the list below. To request a Ronald McDonald appearance at a local school, please contact Program Director David Trieglaff at firstname.lastname@example.org.
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- 2017 San Diego County RMHC®/HACER® Scholarship Awards $20,000 In Scholarships To Outstanding High School Seniors
- McDonald’s® Is Now Available For Delivery On UberEATS in San Diego County
- Sweet BBQ Bacon Joins McDonald’s® Signature Crafted Menu

domain: library


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NeighborWorks Capital funded a $424,000 predevelopment loan with Ithaca Neighborhood Housing Services, Inc. (INHS) in March 2020. This predevelopment loan provided them with additional funds to support the acquisition of six buildings (Verona Village) in Ovid, New York. Verona Village is a fully leased 46 apartment unit senior housing project with a HAP contract that covers all housing units. INHS plans to renovate the well-maintained 38 year old buildings, utilizing 9% Fed and State LIHTC with construction expected to begin in 2022 after securing a LIHTC award.
Welcome Matt Glatting, Chief Financial Officer, NeighborWorks Capital
Community Action Program of North Alabama (CAPNA) recently renewed an $800,000 enterprise loan with NeighborWorks Capital.


How to go to BIOS on Lenovo laptop?
Usually, the input in the BIOS settings does not arise problems. However, some Lenovo laptop models have certain features of the entry in the BIOS and the standard methods to get into it do not provide opportunities. In this article, you will learn about all the ways you can go to BIOS on Lenovo laptops.
Now there will be a complete list of methods that you can get into the BIOS on Lenovo laptops:
- F2 key;
- F2 key, with a preloaded FN button on the keyboard;
- Specialized Button NOVO Button;
- F1 key;
- ESC key;
- Through the EFI embedded parameters.
Further, all of the above methods will be considered in more detail.
Path 1. Use a function key to enter the BIOS on Lenovo laptops
In most cases, a functional key, such as F1 or F2, can help access BIOS. This is the most common way to enter BIOS. And such a key is also called the BIOS setup key. Stages of use will differ from different models of Lenovo in different operating systems.
Press the (FN) F2 or (FN) button F1 5-10 times after pressing the power button.
If you use the ThinkPad series laptop, press F1 on the ThinkPad logo while downloading your laptop.
Note. For some special models instead of pressing F1, you must continuously press the ENTER button during the power on the power process, to first get the start interruption menu.
Run the laptop, as usual, and reboot it. When you see the Lenovo logo, press (FN) F2.
If you are using the ThinkPad series laptop, you need to press F1 instead of FN F2 after restarting the laptop and see the ThinkPad logo.
Climbing and holding this key (no matter, right or left) and keeping it during a reboot, you can go to the BIOS on Windows 10. in particular, on some Lenovo laptop models. The method works quite rarely, however, they should not be neglected. at least because by closing SHIFT, you don’t have to rush with key combinations.
To enter the BIOS on Lenovo laptops running “eight” or “dozens”, you can use the built-in Windows option:
- In the “Special Download Settings” section, click on the “Restart Now” button. It is important to remember: the process will begin immediately and without additional queries, and therefore before clicking it is necessary to close open documents, save the changes made to the system and take other precautions.
IMPORTANT: Although the theoretically said algorithm must start UEFI, on Lenovo laptops by default for the primary download, it is BIOS. In addition, even if the owner turns out to be in “Extended Intees”, he will be able to fulfill all his tasks in it, bypassing the basic I / O system.
Login to BIOS with Button “Novo Button
Many laptop models Lenovo last generation began to be equipped with an additional functional button “Novo Button”. To help you enter the BIOS inteeis:
- Find the “Novo Button” key. It is usually located next to the laptop’s power button and has an image in the form of a curved arrow on its surface.
- Press and hold “NOVO BUTTON”, and then turn on the laptop button on.
- As soon as the laptop turns on (cooling fans rotate), release the function button.
- If everything went fine, a small menu is displayed on the screen. “NOVO Button Menu”, under which several points will be located.
- Select the “BIOS SETUP” command using the arrow on the keyboard and log in using the Enter key.
In some cases, you do not need to perform manipulations with the “NOVO Button” key and then pressing the power button. Just press (possibly to hold) the function button. the laptop will turn on and the corresponding menu will appear on the screen.
How to go to the BIOS when you turn on the laptop
Depending on the manufacturer, the year of release and a series of laptop Log in BIOS can be different. Various keys or even combinations are used, and the messages on the screen with the indication of the desired may not be.
It is better to check only one of the possible options at a time. If it does not suit, wait for Windows startup, restart the PC and try the other key or combination. Specify several options at once, since you can simply not get to the desired time interval.
Most often to go to the BIOS while turning on the laptop, the F2 key is used. Less common options. Del and F9.
If it does not work, turn off the laptop, hush the ESC, and then press the power button. Do not let the ESC until the boot menu appears on the screen. In it you need to go to ENTER SETUP and press ENTER.
In Acer laptops, the F1 and F2 keys are most often used, as well as the Ctrlaltesc combination. The Acer Aspire series may require CTRLF2. In the Travelmate and Extensa rules to enter Bios, you usually need to press F2 or DEL. In the old models of Acer laptops, CtrLaltdel and Ctrlaltesc combinations can be found.
To enter the BIOS on Lenovo laptops, you most often need to press the F2 key. On many ultrabooks and hybrid laptops, a series of F-keys can be activated only with Fn, and therefore it will be necessary to click FNF2. Where are the F8 and Del keys less often.
On many laptops companies on the side panel or next to the power button there is a special key to enter the BIOS. You can click on it only when the laptop is turned off.
To go to the BIOS on HP laptops, usually need to press the F10 or ESC key. But on old models, Del, F1, F11 or F8 may be required.
In Samsung devices, it is most often for the entry in the BIOS to press F2, F8, F12 or DEL. In case of access to F-row, only the FN button will require an appropriate combination: FNF2, FNF8 or FNF12.
VAIO series models can have a special Assist button. If you click on it while downloading a laptop, a menu will appear with the possibility of selecting Start Bios Setup.
In obsolete laptops, the F1, F2, F3 and DEL keys can be used.
In the case of Dell laptops, the most common transition option to the BIOS is the F2 key. A little less often meets F1, F10, Del, Esc and Insert.
Open the BIOS on the Lenovo laptop using the keyboard key
There is nothing difficult in this. Most often used key F2. It needs to be actively pressing immediately after turning on the laptop (after pressing the power button).
Immediately the BIOS menu should open. On my laptop it looks like this:
Rarely, but it happens that you need to press the combination of the FN F2 keys. It depends on the laptop model.
In the end, the menu it should also appear with the settings. By the way, you can change the order order on the BOOT tab.
Inteeis BIOS, as a rule, is a kind of text table, navigating which is carried out using the keys on the keyboard. Configuring the BIOS of almost any devices allows you to set the frequency of operation connected to a personal computer hardware component, as well as the parameters of their operation, change the configuration of the power supply mode, the order of switching on and more. In addition, it allows you to select the source of loading of the operating system, as well as the OS itself in the event that several are installed immediately.
Almost any user of a modern PC or laptop may encounter the need to enter BIOS. This may be required to configure any specific parameters, in order to diagnose the devices connected to the computer or to turn on (shut down) of various types of hardware components. Basically learn how to open and enter BIOS is not at all difficult, but some users have a problem with the fact that the laptop simply refuses to include BIOS standard, familiar methods. What to do in such a situation?
The thing is that on some models of laptops, for example, from Lenovo, the entrance to the BIOS panel is carried out not by the very standard methods that we will talk about in this article. Reading it to the end, you can easily open the BIOS on any laptop, including the Lenovo manufactured by Lenovo, and even learn how to install BIOS on your own.
How to go to the BIOS from the Windows 10 operating system?
If your computer equipment is installed “dozen”, you will be useful to the instruction described below:
- Open “Start” and go to “Parameters”;
- We are looking for the “Update and Security” tab;
- In the list on the left, select “Restore”, in the window that appears on the right, click “Restart Now”;
- After the process of turning and turning on the laptop, you will fall in the search and troubleshooting menu;
- As already considered in the fourth paragraph of our article, you need to click “Additional configurations”, then “UEFI embedded parameters” and upload BIOS mode.
How to go to BIOS on Lenovo laptop
Lenovo. one of the most popular firms manufacturers of laptops. By the way, I must tell you (from personal experience), laptops are quite good and reliable. And there is one feature of some models of these laptops. an unusual input to the BIOS (and it is very often necessary to go to it, for example, to reinstall Windows).
In this relatively small article, I would like to consider these input features.
Entrance to the BIOS on Lenovo laptop (step-by-step instruction)
1) Usually, to enter the BIOS on Lenovo laptops (on most models), it is enough when it is turned on to press the F2 button (or FNF2).
However, some models can not even react to these press (for example, Lenovo Z50, Lenovo G50, and in general, model range: G505, V580C, B50, B560, B590, G50, G500, G505S, G570, G570E, G580, G700. Z500, Z580 may not respond to these keys).
2) At the above models on the side panel (usually next to the power cable) there is a special button (for example, Lenovo G50 cm model. rice. 2).
To go to the BIOS you need: Turn off the laptop, and then click on this button (the arrow is usually drawn on it, although I admit that on some models the arrows may not be).
By the way, an important point. Not all Lenovo laptop models This service button is on the side. For example, on the Lenovo G480 laptop. this button next to the laptop’s power button (see. rice. 2.one).
3) If everything is done correctly, the laptop should turn on and the service menu with four items appears on the screen (cm. rice. 3):
To enter the BIOS. select BIOS Setup (Installation and Settings BIOS).
4) Next, the most common BIOS menu should appear. You can further configure the BIOS similarly to other laptop models (practically identical settings).
By the way, maybe someone will need: in rice. 4 shows the Lenovo G480 Boot Laptop section settings to install Windows 7 OS:
- Boot Mode: [Legacy Support]
- Boot Priority: [LEGACY FIRST]
- USB Boot: [Enabled]
- Boot Device Priority: PLDS DVD RW (This is a drive with the Windows 7 boot disk installed on it, please note that it is the first on this list), Internal HDD.
After changing all the settings, do not forget to save them. To do this, in Exit section, select “Save and Exit” (Save and Exit). After restarting the laptop. installation of Windows 7 should start.
5) There are certain models of laptops, such as Lenovo B590 and V580C, where the F12 button may be needed to enter the BIOS. Holding this key immediately after turning on the laptop. you can get to Quick Boot. where it is easy to change the order of downloading various devices (HDD, CD-ROM, USB).
6) And the F1 key is quite relatively rarely. You may need if you use Lenovo B590 laptop. You need to press and hold the key after turning on the device. The BIOS menu itself differs little from the standard.
The manufacturer recommends to charge enough laptop battery before entering the BIOS. If in the process of setting and installing parameters in the BIOS device will be disabled (due to lack of power). it is possible to problems in the further work of the laptop.
Honestly, not ready to comment on the latest recommendation: never experienced problems when the PC is turned off when it was in the BIOS settings.


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Expression of parathyroid hormone/parathyroid hormone-related peptide receptor 1 in normal and diseased bladder detrusor muscles: a clinico-pathological study
BMC Urology volume 15, Article number: 2 (2015)
To investigate the expression of parathyroid hormone (PTH)/PTH-related peptide (PTHrP) receptor 1 (PTH1R) in clinical specimens of normal and diseased bladders. PTHrP is a unique stretch-induced endogenous detrusor relaxant that functions via PTH1R. We hypothesized that suppression of this axis could be involved in the pathogenesis of bladder disease.
PTH1R expression in clinical samples was examined by immunohistochemistry. Normal kidney tissue from a patient with renal cancer and bladder specimens from patients undergoing ureteral reimplantation for vesicoureteral reflux or partial cystectomy for urachal cyst were examined as normal control organs. These were compared with 13 diseased bladder specimens from patients undergoing bladder augmentation. The augmentation patients ranged from 8 to 31 years old (median 15 years), including 9 males and 4 females. Seven patients had spinal disorders, 3 had posterior urethral valves and 3 non-neurogenic neurogenic bladders (Hinman syndrome).
Renal tubules, detrusor muscle and blood vessels in normal control bladders stained positive for PTH1R. According to preoperative urodynamic studies of augmentation patients, the median percent bladder capacity compared with the age-standard was 43.6% (range 1.5–86.6%), median intravesical pressure at maximal capacity was 30 cmH2O (range 10–107 cmH2O), and median compliance was 3.93 ml/cmH2O (range 0.05–30.3 ml/cmH2O). Detrusor overactivity was observed in five cases (38.5%). All augmented bladders showed negative stainings in PTH1R expression in the detrusor tissue, but positive staining of blood vessels in majority of the cases.
Downregulation of PTH1R may be involved in the pathogenesis of human end-stage bladder disease requiring augmentation.
Relaxation of the detrusor muscle is a fundamental requirement for normal bladder storage function. Severe failure of this relaxation mechanism causes upper urinary tract deterioration as a result of abnormal elevation of intravesical pressure . Such extreme pathology is termed low-compliance bladder, and is typically seen in paediatric cases with congenital spinal disorders, posterior urethral valves, and also in rare forms of severe non-neurogenic neurogenic bladder (Hinman syndrome). The primary goal in treating such patients is to prevent urinary tract damage by maintaining low-pressure storage and effective bladder evacuation . This is usually achieved through medical therapy using antimuscarinic drugs combined with clean intermittent catheterization. However, if these conservative therapies fail, bladder augmentation using the digestive tract is indicated, though such surgery may lead to various long-term complications, including metabolic acidosis, bowel dysfunction, rupture, and risk of secondary malignancies [3, 4]. However, despite these clinical problems, the molecular mechanisms underlying low-compliance end-stage bladder disease have not yet been thoroughly investigated .
Parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP) was originally identified as a cause of hypercalcemia in paraneoplastic syndrome,  and has since been found to be expressed in most systemic tissues, with diverse physiological roles [6, 7]. We previously reported that PTHrP acted as a stretch-induced endogenous relaxant of detrusor muscle . PTHrP functions via the PTH/PTHrP receptor 1 (PTH1R), which is expressed in detrusor muscle but not in urothelium. In rat experiments, PTHrP peptide potently suppressed spontaneous contraction of detrusor muscle strips, and intravenous administration of PTHrP peptide increased bladder compliance . These results suggest that endogenous PTHrP may inhibit the abnormal decrease in bladder compliance by bladder distention. We hypothesized that PTH1R should also be expressed in human bladder detrusor muscle, and that suppression of this axis could be involved in the pathogenesis of end-stage low-compliance bladder.
In this study, we therefore investigated the expression of PTH1R in clinical specimens from patients with normally functioning bladder and those undergoing bladder augmentations, to explore the involvement of the PTHrP-PTH1R axis in normal and diseased bladder detrusor muscle.
This study was authorized by the Institutional Review Board of Kyoto University (G279) and Tokyo Women’s Medical University (2089), and written informed consents for participation in the study were obtained from participants or parents. Normal kidney tissue, as a positive control of PTH1R, was obtained from a nephrectomy specimen from a patient with renal cell carcinoma without paraneoplastic hypercalcemia, and was used as a positive control for the staining procedure. Bladder specimens were obtained from the bladder dome by sagittal section in following patients. In total, 3 normal control bladder tissues were obtained during cystotomy for ureteral reimplantation for vesicoureteral reflux in two patients, and partial cystectomy for urachal cyst in one patient, who all underwent surgery at the Department of Urology, Kyoto University Hospital. These three patients had no symptoms of abnormal bladder storage or emptying. The clinical backgrounds of the control patients are summarized in Table 1. Data are expressed as mean ± S.D.
In total, 13 diseased bladder tissues were obtained from patients who underwent bladder augmentation at the Department of Urology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University. The clinical backgrounds of the patients are summarized in Table 2. The median age of the patients was 15 years (range 8–31 years, mean 17.8 ± 8.8 years), and included 9 males and 4 females. Seven patients had spinal disorders, three had posterior urethral valves and three had Hinman syndrome. All the patients underwent preoperative urodynamic studies combined with cystography. Bladder augmentation was indicated for low-compliance bladder and/or incontinence, despite aggressive anti-cholinergic regimens. The bladder capacity was presented as the percentage of the reported age-standard capacity for Japanese children, calculated by the formula 25 × (age in years + 2) for patients younger than 12 years, and 350 ml was defined as 100% for patients older than 12 years .
The specimens were fixed in formalin and paraffin-embedded. Sections were mounted on glass slides and used for immunohistochemical detection of PTH1R. Incubation and washing procedures were carried out at room temperature, unless otherwise specified. Deparaffinization and antigen retrieval were carried out in a microwave, as described previously,  and endogenous peroxidase activity was then blocked with 0.3% H2O2 in methyl alcohol for 30 min. The glass slides were washed six times in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) for 5 min each, and mounted with 1% horse normal serum in PBS for 30 min for pre-blocking. Primary antibody against PTH1R (3D1.1, Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Dallas, TX, USA; 1:100) was then applied overnight at 4°C, followed by incubation with biotinylated horse anti-mouse serum (second antibody) (ABC-Elite, Vector Laboratories, Burlingame, CA, USA) diluted 1:300 in PBS for 40 min, followed by six washes in PBS (5 min each). Avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex (ABC-Elite, Vector Laboratories, Burlingame, CA) was applied for 50 min at a dilution of 1:100 in bovine serum albumin. After washing six times in PBS (5 min each), a coloring reaction was carried out using diaminobenzidine, with a uniform reaction time for all specimens. Nuclei were counterstained with haematoxylin. PTH1R protein-expression intensity was classified as negative or positive by two independent examiners, with reference to renal tubules as a positive immunostaining control.
Immunostaining study with PTH1R of a kidney and normal control bladders
In the kidney specimen, the tubules stained positive for PTH1R, in contrast to the glomeruli, which stained faint, as reported previously (Figure 1A) . In the normal control bladder specimens, both the detrusor tissue and blood vessel stained positive for PTH1R. Staining in the detrusor tissue was mainly observed in the cytosol (Figure 1B).
Preoperative urodynamic study
Preoperative urodynamic study revealed that the bladders in all patients undergoing bladder augmentation had deteriorated storage function. The median bladder capacity was 146 ml (range 5–303 ml, mean 153.6 ± 84.0 ml), median percent capacity of age-standard was 43.6% (range 1.5–86.6%, mean 46.9 ± 23.2%), median intravesical pressure at maximal capacity was 30 cmH2O (range 10–107 cmH2O, mean 38.8 ± 23.3cmH2O), and the median compliance was 3.93 ml/cmH2O (range 0.05–30.3 ml/cmH2O, mean 6.6 ± 7.8 ml/cmH2O). Detrusor overactivities were noted in five patients and vesicoureteral reflux in eight patients (Table 2).
Immunostaining study with PTH1R of low compliance bladder
All of the bladder-augmentation specimens showed negative PTH1R staining in detrusor smooth muscle cells in the bladder wall, in contrast to the positive staining seen in normal control bladder specimen. However, blood vessels stained positive for PTH1R in seven out of 13 augmentation cases (53.8%), indicating that the negative staining was not the result of a technical failure, but rather reflected downregulation of PTH1R expression in these bladders (Figure 2).
This paper demonstrated the expression of PTH1R in normal bladder tissue and its downregulation in end-stage low-compliance bladders requiring augmentation. Combined with the potent relaxant effect of PTHrP peptide in rat bladder reported in our previous study,  these findings suggest the functional involvement of this axis in normal human bladder physiology, and its loss in severely diseased bladders with decreased compliance.
The relaxant effect of PTHrP in the bladder has been reported previously [12, 13] Yamamoto et al. focused on stretch-induced upregulation of PTHrP in the bladder in vivo,  which effect was replicated in cultured smooth muscle cells under stretch by Steers et al . However, PTHrP showed only modest suppression of carbachol-induced contraction of bladder strips in those studies, leaving the physiological relevance of this observation unanswered. In contrast, our recent study in rats showed a potent relaxant effect of PTHrP in suppressing the spontaneous contraction of detrusor strips, and thus increasing bladder compliance in vivo . Our study also demonstrated that PTH1R was expressed primarily in the muscle layer, and not in the urothelial layer. As a logical extension of this previous study, we investigated the expression of PTH1R in the human bladder, and this report supplements and advances the previous study, by investigating the clinical relevance of this axis utilizing human samples.
Detrusor muscle tissues in normal control bladders stained positive for PTH1R, especially in the cytosol. This result seems to contradict the fact that PTH1R is a membrane-anchored G protein-coupled receptor,  allowing binding of PTHrP at the membrane surface. However, PTH1R translocation from the plasma membrane into the cytosol after incubation with the PTH1R agonist, PTH (1–34), and positive staining in the cytosol was also seen in other organs such as acinar cells of the prostate gland, cell clusters within the adrenal cortex and cells of the epithelial hair sheath .
In sharp contrast, the detrusor muscle in augmented bladders showed negative staining for PTH1R. This lack of staining did not indicate a technical failure, given that blood vessels stained positively in seven out of 13 (53.8%) cases. The negative staining of vessels in the remaining six cases may have been associated with deterioration of the vessels themselves, or technical failure caused by different fixation conditions. If PTH1R is downregulated in these bladders, they may not be able to respond to endogenous PTHrP, which could function as a protective relaxant against excessive distention. Downregulation of PTH1R is thus consistent with low bladder compliance.
In regard of the functional effect in PTHrP-PTH1R axis in the bladder, not only the receptor PTH1R, but expression level of the ligand PTHrP, in normal and diseased bladder is also of a great interest. Perez-Martinez et al. reported about PTHrP immunostaining in rabbit bladder outlet obstruction model . However, we did not succeed in visualizing PTHrP signal in paraffin-embedded human bladder, nor in rat bladder under various fixation conditions. Therefore we did not focus on expression of PTHrP in this study.
Further physiological experiments would have been ideal to confirm these speculations, demonstrating the unresponsiveness of diseased bladder strips to PTHrP peptide. Similarly, it may be of interest whether the difference in expression level of PTH1R may be attributed to altered production, degradation, release, or removal. Unfortunately, it was practically impossible to obtain materials at the separate time of surgery and subsequently perform physiological experiment or obtain enough materials for various biochemical assays. Such mechanistic part should be better studied in experimental model system such as cultured cells and animals, as we did in our previous report, rather than in clinical samples. Therefore it is inevitable limitation of the present study design that it is unidimensional, but supplemented by our previous mechanistic study, it addresses more direct clinical relevance.
Clinical translation of the results of this study may not be straightforward. If downregulation of PTH1R is a feature of low-compliance bladders, it would be difficult to use this axis as a target for treatment. However, it is possible that bladders still positive for PTH1R may retain the ability to relax against excessive distention, while downregulation of PTH1R could be a marker for unresponsiveness to conservative therapy, indicating the need for bladder augmentation. In addition, the PTHrP-PTH1R axis could be a target for treating milder damage in bladders retaining PTH1R expression, including overactive bladder, which affects a far larger percentage of the population than severely diseased bladder. Unfortunately, currently-available PTH1R agonists have systemic side effects that preclude their use for bladder diseases, and bladder-specific derivatives are awaited to allow the clinical translation of the PTHrP-PTH1R axis for treating bladder diseases.
In conclusion, we demonstrated PTH1R expression in the smooth muscle in normal bladders, in contrast to negative expression in muscle from severely diseased bladders. Suppression of the PTHrP-PTH1R axis may therefore be involved in bladder pathophysiology.
Parathyroid hormone-related peptide
Parathyroid hormone/ parathyroid hormone-related peptide receptor 1
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The pre-publication history for this paper can be accessed here: http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2490/15/2/prepub
We got financial support from Grant-in-Aid for scientific research from the Japanese Society for Promotion of Science to A.K. (no. 24659719).
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
NN and AK participated in the design of the study, evaluated the samples, and performed the analysis. NN drafted the manuscript. YT carried out the immunohistochemical study, and helped to draft the manuscript. RY, YY, MS, and KT provided the clinical samples and clinical data, and YY performed the urodynamic study. HN and MI critically reviewed the manuscript. OO conceived of the study, and participated in its coordination. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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Nishikawa, N., Yago, R., Yamazaki, Y. et al. Expression of parathyroid hormone/parathyroid hormone-related peptide receptor 1 in normal and diseased bladder detrusor muscles: a clinico-pathological study. BMC Urol 15, 2 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2490-15-2