text:
HYDERABAD: The RBI’s monetary policy framework is in its salad days, and wants to get a first-hand picture of food prices. So last year, it embarked on “grassroots work, relying on regional staff and local mandis”, perhaps a first in its history, instead of living at the mercy of CSO estimates, which come once in 12 months.Food accounts for 46 per cent of the retail inflation basket and getting it right is job half-done.
The two-year-old Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) is often criticised for missing inflation estimates, which Deputy Governor Viral Acharya said was “cherry-picking data to say it (RBI’s inflation modelling) isn’t working”.
The truth is, MPC has been repeatedly revising its own estimates downwards, while actual monthly inflation is printing way off the mark. In fact, on Thursday, it once again revised retail inflation estimates down to 2.8 per cent for Q4FY19.
Admitting that RBI takes such criticism seriously and introspects, Acharya said, “Headline inflation last year averaged almost exactly at 4 per cent, so while you may have issues with specific level of projections, there have been errors on the other side.”
Starting 2018, Acharya said, RBI started specific sub-groups of modelling teams to focus on individual food items from regional offices and mandi arrivals, to get a sense of what the CSO number might look like. He, however, reasoned that the relative errors RBI makes (in food inflation) wasn’t quite out of line like other economies, where food is a bigger component.
Markets will certainly be grateful for Acharya’s candour with regards to food prices, but it’s the non-food items or core inflation that is living in a parallel universe. Comprising household goods, health, transport and communication services, core basket accounts for 28 per cent of retail inflation and has been erratic to say the least in 2018, hovering between 5 and 6 per cent. Last December, it stood at 6.45 per cent, way above the MPC’s 4 per cent target. This, coupled with volatile fuel prices, the fear-mongering about price rise appears real, though headline inflation at around 2 per cent for five consecutive months belies realities of price fall.
Experts say rising core inflation isn’t driven by demand, but partly due to low base and rising input prices, and that nothing stops it from doing a repeat in 2019, which is to say, core inflation could be sticky and pinch pockets even if retail inflation remains gentle.
Lastly, accurate inflation estimates help policymakers deliver the right dose of rates to either goose the economy or prevent it from heating up, but in the absence of appropriate core prices, the real benefit may remain unrealised.
The two-year-old MPC is often criticised for missing inflation estimates. The truth is, MPC has been repeatedly revising its own estimates downwards, while actual monthly inflation is printing way off the mark. On Thursday, it again revised retail inflation estimates down to 2.8% for Q4FY19.

domain: news


text:
Three doctors, all heads of their departments in their respective fields of surgery, radiology and chemo-therapy, discuss the major forms of orthodox cancer treatment. The guests are Dr. Morton Axelrod, Chief of Oncology at the Bronx Lebanon Hospital; Dr. Bernard Roswith, Chief of the Radiation Center at the Bronx Veteran's Hospital, and Dr. Myron Arlen, Chief of Neoplastic Surgery at the Jewish Hospital and Medical Center of Brooklyn and the host is Bonnie Bellow.
This recording has been digitally preserved as part of Pacifica's American Women Making History and Culture: 1963-1982 grant preservation project, and is available for research and reference . Please contact the archives via telephone: 818-506-1077 or email: americanwomen at pacificaradioarchives dot org for information on how to obtain a copy of this program. Thank you.

domain: library


text:
Underlining the importance of "glocalization" or decentralized cooperation, the head of the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) has said that development cooperation between rich and poor cities can, and must be, a central element in the fight against hunger.
"Being closer to citizens' needs and concerns, local authorities are able to blend institutional authority with people's solidarity and can be an effective vehicle for international cooperation," FAO Director-General Jacques Diouf told the second Glocalization Conference in Rome yesterday.
"Local authorities that wish to join in the global quest for food security for all will find in FAO a committed partner," he said.
Mr. Diouf presented an example of triangular partnership between the City of Rome, the City of Kigali in Rwanda, and FAO: The Rome-Kigali Model.
The Government of Italy and FAO have recently signed an agreement for decentralized cooperation aimed at improving the lives of rural communities in a number of developing countries. A joint FAO-City of Rome Municipality team travelled to Kigali last February to identify areas for improving food security and local conditions.
The mission revealed possibilities for participation of Rome's private sector in efforts to improve existing waste and sanitation facilities in the Rwandan capital, and the City of Rome is likely to work together with the City of Kigali to establish an improved general food market.
A similar programme has been launched between the cities of Montreuil in France and Yelimané in Mali and FAO, with Viet Nam providing low-cost experts under the FAO South-South Cooperation Programme.

domain: sociology


text:
Bioaerosol Sampling of a Ventilated Patient with COVID-19
Click for External Resource*
Click to read full article*
*The link above may share a zip file (.zip) hosted on repository.netecweb.org. Zip files will download automatically.
Bioaerosol samples were collected in an airborne infection isolation room, bathroom and anteroom of a ventilated patient with coronavirus disease 2019. Twenty-eight samples were negative for SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid, possibly due to the patient being on a closed-circuit ventilator or the efficiency of the air exchanges in the room.
Keywords: COVID-19; airborne transmission; bioaerosol; hospital; ventilator.
Copyright © 2020. Published by Elsevier Inc.

domain: biology


The RDC (Regime Diferenciado de Contratações Públicas / Differentiated Regime for Public Contracts) is a fundamental element of the Medida Provisória 527, a Provisional Measure that comes from the Executive branch and requires approval from both houses of the Legislature. The original purpose of MP 527 was to create the Ministry of Civil Aviation, but as it was moving through the halls of Brasilia it picked up the RDC.
The alteration of “normal operating procedures” is a hallmark of mega-events which install states of exception and emergency in the cities and countries where they pass. The time pressures of the event and the contracts signed with Swiss-based NGOs allow for the dribbling of democratic processes and the installation of extra-legal authorities that disappear after the events, leaving no one accountable for the wreckage and debt left behind. Greece is burning in large part because of the huge debt spending for the 2004 Olympics, but no one points the finger at the IOC, the government, or the sponsors of the event. No money left in the public coffers? Austerity for the people.
There are conflicting needs expressed in the RDC and MP 527. Brazil is woefully late and staggeringly over budget in the production of facilities for the 2014 World Cup. There is a need to have a mechanism that lowers, or at least controls, the costs of stadium and infrastructure projects at the same time that the contracting and payment process can be accelerated. There is also a need for greater transparency in the bidding and contracting processes. The problem with "acceleration" or "differentiation" is that it opens the possibility for even more corruption than usual. The main concern of those opposed to the RDC is that it will make secret the price of the projects until after the projects are awarded. This information will be “secret and will only be available to internal and external organs of fiscal control”. Basically, this means that we will never be able to find out how much projects cost.
Worse, these budgets can be kept from public scrutiny forever if they are considered to be relevant for “state security”.
On the bright side, it appears that the “super-powers” of FIFA and the IOC which would have allowed them to demand significant modifications to projects after the contracting process, potentially increasing their cost. Also on the side of transparency and democracy was the inclusion of Federal financial control organs in the list of agencies that could have access to the budgets: Tribunal de Contas da União (TCU), Controladoria-Geral da União (CGU) and Ministério Público (MP).
The Senate should vote on MP 527 this week and there may be some alterations to the final version, so more on that soon. The extreme content of MP 527 has generated significant debate about the role of transparency for mega-event installation. This is a good and necessary debate, but again, one that should have begun back in 2007 when Brazil was first handed the task of preparing for the 2014 World Cup.
|See, we're sending those poor people to the puta que pariu!|
In Rio, the real-estate speculation boom continues apace. This week, the city announced the winner of the Porto Olímpico contest, a massive re-urbanization prject that will bring millions of square meters of office space and upper middle class residences to the Zona Portuaria. Of course there are the normal references to the “inspiration of Barcelona” and the role of the Olympics in revitalizing the port area. Left out of the celebrations are the reports that many of the Zona Portuaria's traditional tenants and residents are being forced out to make way for the “revitalization”.
One of the most egregious examples of the approach the city is taking in their maniacal desire to re-make space and culture is the expulsion of the Samba schools that have traditionally occupied the region. Twelve schools will have 30 days to leave the area which the Porto Olímpico project will occupy. Out with the old and traditional, in with the new and consumerist. In addition to the samba schools, families and small businesses that occupy the old Federal Railway Depository (RFF) will also have to find somewhere else to go. This is all directed by CDURP, the private enterprise that is responsible for the “re-urbanization” of the Zona Portuaria with R$ 7.6 billion in stimulus from the Caixa Econômica (in addition to several billion more from the FGST, a public workers pension fund). That is to say, uma porrada de dinheiro público para lucros privados.
|Speculation and "Re-vitalization", the winning project for the Porto Olimpico|
To round off the post, there is a report in today’s Valor Econômico (1.7.11, A7) about the financing of São Paulo’s World Cup stadium, the Itaquerão. In addition to the low-interest R$400 million loan from BNDES, Corinthians (Lula’s team) will receive hundreds of millions from the city as well as a R$30 million exemption from ISS (Taxes for Services Provided). The cost of the stadium, which a few weeks ago was R$700 million, has jumped to R$ 1,07 billion. The city is only guaranteeing financing if the Itaquerão manages to attract the opening game of the cup, further politicizing the already highly charged relations between the CBF and the host cities.


by Jalexson c. 2003
originally published at mediard.com
TV Guide decided to celebrate its 50th Anniversary by publishing
various lists including what it considered the best, and worst, television
shows Unfortunately, TV Guide is better at publishing schedules than rating
The turn of the millennium produced a lot of such lists of what were
supposedly the best, most important, etc. of things in various categories.
A common characteristic of those lists was a tendency to overrate more
recent events. For example, MTV’s list of the century’s top music videos
ignored the early movie music videos.
TV Guide’s list of the “Best” programs followed this pattern with
an overabundance of recent programs, particularly recent sitcoms that follow
the overused format of a show about a bunch of urban white folks with the
same basic storylines as all the other shows about urban white folks.
The shows “Seinfeld”, “Cheers”, “Frazier”, “The Larry
Sanders Show”and “Friends” don’t belong on a list of television’s
greatest shows. They’re not bad shows, but they lack any distinguishing
characteristic that makes them great. They would be well down a list of
Another yuppie program “Thirtysomething” is also unqualified for
a list of greatest programs.. The people responsible for the list seem
to have confused the idea of favorite programs with great programs. One
of my all time favorite programs is “The Dukes of Hazard”, but I would
not suggest that it is a great program.
If “Seinfeld” is the greatest show as TV Guide claims then a hamburger
and french fries from McDonald’s is a great meal. The greatest show should
have more substance than comedy programs, including a truly great comedy
like “I Love Lucy”.
A drama like “Lou Grant” would be a much better choice for the greatest
program. The program used various controversial issues to show how an urban
newspaper operated. Ed Asner successfully converted his comedy character
Lou Grant from the “Mary Tyler Moore Show” into a dramatic character.
The list should have been billed as the “greatest American programs”
because it ignored the great British dramas like “Masterpiece Theater”
and “Upstair, Downstairs”. “The Avengers” with Patrick McNee and
Diana Rigg is far more deserving of being on the list of greatest shows
than the contemporary “X-Files”. The “X-Files” principle characters
Fox Mulder and Dana Scully aren’t close to being in the same league as
John Steed and Emma Peel. Darren McGavin was more convincing as someone
chasing strange beings in “Kolchak: The Night Stalker”.
“Buffy the Vampire Slayer” like the “X-Files” has its cult following,
but if Buffy is one of the greatest television shows, the “Rocky Horror
Picture Show” is one of the greatest movies. The principle character
isn’t particularly distinguishable from”like, you know” all the other
anorexic blonde valley girl types on televison including the examples on
“Friends”. Buffy is funny at times, particularly during the obviously
phony fight scenes with obviously phony ghouls and goblins. It would be
funnier if the fight scenes included large printed words on the screen
like “POW”, “BAM”, “BIFF”, “SOCKO”, etc.
In fairness to both programs, they are different from most other programs,
unlike the afore mentioned contemporary comedies which are merely better
than many of the other substantially similar programs. The writing isn’t
necessarily any better, but someone did a very good job of casting the
programs with people who appear to belong together, or have good “chemistry”.
A great program should some unique qualities that cause it to stand
apart from other programs or be innovative. “I Love Lucy” featured
comic genius Lucille Ball and established a pattern for the way sitcoms
A great sitcom about urban white folks should have some distinguishing
characteristics. For example, “The Beverly Hillbillies” is one of the
greatest programs of the last 50 years and should rank above most of the
comedies on the list. The program didn’t originate the idea of a rural
family moving to the big city. “The Real McCoys” did that. “The Beverly
Hillbillies” did a great job of using the cultural differences to see
the humor in everyday matters. Many critics have never understood how the
show made fun of the more dominant culture by looking at it through the
eyes of people with a different background.
“Barney Miller” is more deserving of being on the list than other
comedies like “Mary Tyler Moore Show” and “Taxi”. I like the “Mary
Tyler Moore Show”. I still occasionally watch it, but it really isn’t
sufficiently distinguished from other programs.
“Taxi” which has a better mix of characters than “Mary” including
comic genius Andy Kaufman might qualify to be among the greatest programs.
“Barney Miller” accomplishes the difficult task of producing a humorous
cop show while relying almost exclusively on a single set. Early shows
featured Barney’s home, but that set was eventually abandoned. The writing,
performances and costumes allowed the actors to effectively communicate
what happened outside the office. The show also featured a diverse mix
of well differentiated characters.
“Hogan’s Heroes” which TV Guide erroneously included on its list
of worst programs belongs on the list of greatest programs. TV Guide refers
to it simply as a zany program, but it was more than that. Hogan was a
dramady, that is a combination drama and comedy, like “M*A*S*H”, although
not nearly as good. As on “M*A*S*H” people sometimes died on Hogan.
There was always a threat that Hogan’s men could die. Some of the people
they worked with did die. Sometimes Hogan’s men killed people such as
when they blew up trains. On one episode Hogan killed a Gestapo officer
by putting an exploding pen in his staff car.
“Hogan’s Heroes” played a major role in integrating television
casts. It debuted in 1965 the same week as “I Spy”. Prior to these
two shows regular tv casts were usually lily white except for an occasional
Asian, hispanic or American Indian.
Some of the variety shows chosen are also questionable. “The Ed Sullivan
Show”, “The Carol Burnett Show”, and Sid Caesar’s “Your Show
of Shows” belong on the list as does “The Tonight Show” with Johnny
Carson. However, David Letterman’s show doesn’t belong there. Neither
he nor rival Jay Leno are close to meeting the standard set by Johnny Carson.
I also question the choice of “Saturday Night Live” and “Laugh-In”,
particularly considering the failure to include the “Red Skelton Show”
which was second only to “The Ed Sullivan Show” as the longest running
prime time variety show.
I cannot say for sure if some of the other variety programs belong
on the list of greatest programs because its been too long since I saw
the ones I watched when they were originally broadcast. Some certainly
would be worthy of consideration, particularly the great stone face’s
(Ed Sullivan) rival. Steve Allen’s Sunday night program was opposite
Sullivan’s show. Comedian Allen was joined by several future tv comics,
including Bill “Jose Jimenez” Dana, Don Knotts, Tim Conway and Tom
Poston. All of them eventually had successful roles on other programs.
Bill Dana got his own sitcom in the sixties. Great comedians Milton Berle
and Ernie Kovaks also had successful variety programs.
“The Bell Telephone Hour” presented a wide range of fine music during
The quality of “Saturday Night Live” is too uneven to qualify as
a great show. Besides it has often been a parody of itself. “Laugh-In”
started out well, but ran out of ideas. “That Was the Week That Was”
aka “TW3" was a better satire even though it didn’t stay on the air
The list is short on documentaries and news related programs. “60
Minutes” made the list at #6, but the far better “See It Now” hosted
by Edward R. Morrow is missing. Murrow occasionally interviewed celebrities,
but the important contribution of the show was his willingness to deal
with controversial issues including a verbal essay criticizing the activities
of Sen. Joseph McCarthy. The program’s successor “CBS Reports” also
deserves to be on the list. Both should seriously be considered for the
10 greatest programs. “The Undersea World of Jacques Cousteau” also
belongs on the list. “The National Geographic Specials” was not a regular
series, but is more worthy of inclusion in the list of greatest shows than
the 90's comedies the TV Guide people think so highly of.
Documentaries and dramas are the gourmet meals of television. Comedies
and action adventure shows are more like fast food. TV Guide’s list is
too long on comedies and short on the great dramas, particularly the family
“Life Goes On” should rank high on the list. The show about a Chicago
family was willing to tackle tough issues. The son, Corky, who had Down
Syndrome was played by actor Chris Burke who had Down Syndrome. Corky eventually
married Amada(Andrea Friedman) who also had Down Syndrome. The youngest
daughter, Becca played by Kellie Martin, eventually fell for Jessie, played
by Chad Lowe, who was HIV positive as the result of a previous heterosexual
I’ve run out of room for discussion of dramatic programs that deserve
consideration so I’ll turn that into part II.
Of the two programs “Hogan’s Heroes is the more important. “I
Spy” featured Bill Cosby in part to take advantage of his celebrity status.
Ivan Dixon who played Ivan Kinchloe on Hogan wasn’t a celebrity.
A previous effort to include a black character in 1963 on “East Side/West Side” had ended when the unpopular, but great, show was cancelled because of poor ratings. The show dealt a little too realistically with the problems of the inner city. One of the members of Sgt. Bilko’s platoon was black, but he generally didn’t have any lines. Black actors like Greg Morris and Ivan Dixon had occasionally appeared in episodes of other shows, particularly the “Dick Van Dyke Show” and “Have Gun Will Travel”.The former potentially belongs on the list although farther down than TV Guide rates it. The later should have been on the list, possibly in the top ten.
You can support this site through PayPal.
I also write at Mediard


text:
MQL5 Proven Track Record
Quantina Capital accounts are also connected to MQL5 (Metquotes) website for continuously monitoring. Click on the chart for further analysis.
Hypothetical performance results have many inherent limitations. No representation is being made that any account will or is likely to achieve profits or losses similar to those shown. In fact, there are frequently sharp differences between hypothetical performance results and the actual results subsequently achieved by any particularly trading program. One of the limitations of hypothetical performance results is that they are generally prepared with the benefit of hindsight. In addition, hypothetical trading does not involve financial risk. Variables such as the ability to adhere to a particular trading program in spite of trading losses as well as maintaining adequate liquidity are material points which can adversely affect actual real trading results.

domain: finance


A WOMAN is asking people to take care after she was approached yesterday at 12.55pm by a man just out of Swan Road going onto Station Road in Hailsham.
She said he was bald with glasses and short blondish stubble.
She said: “He was in a light copper van as we walked past, he reversed a good way down the road to question us about the dog we had with us.
He was quite persistent after I said it was none of his business.
He then drove forward towards us to say ‘I wasn’t trying to frighten you’.
He could have absolutely been innocent – but you never know, especially at a time like this when dogs are being snatched. Just keep an eye out.”


text:
Located in the the Judean lowlands Bet Guvrin-Maresha National Park is a region of low hills, 250–350 m above sea level covered with woodland used for grazing. The fertile soil has been cultivated since ancient times. The national park covers about 5,000 dunams (1,250 acres), is the biblical city of Maresha. During the Roman period Maresha was abandoned and the settlement moved to nearby Bet Guvrin. Bet Guvrin was an important junction on the road from Lod and Ashkelon to Hebron and Jerusalem. The national park is well known for its many and caves dug by its ancient inhabitants. These caves served quarries, cisterns, storerooms, dovecotes, tombs, storage chambers for produce and shelters for farm animals. Hewn caves are a common phenomenon in the lowlands because the rocks that make up the region are soft, light colored chalk that is easy to quarry. In many places the chalk is covered with a harder crust, known as nari, some 1.5–3.0 m thick.
The History of Bet Guvrin
Following the destruction of Maresha, Bet Guvrin became the region’s most important city. The name Bet Guvrin first appears in the writings of the Jewish historian Josephus Flavius, who reported that the Romans, led by Vespasian, conquered Bet Guvrin in 68 CE. In 200 CE, Emperor Septimus Severus granted Bet Guvrin the status of a city and changed its name to Eleutheropolis ‘city of the freedmen’. The city controlled the area between the coastal plain and the Dead Sea and between Bet Shemesh and the Be’er Sheva Valley. Bet Guvrin became an important junction; five roads, along which milestones have been found, led to the city. Besides dwellings, the city boasted an amphitheater and other public structures. There are no springs at Bet Guvrin, but during the Roman period two aqueducts channeled flowing water to the city from springs in the Judean Mountains. Slowly but surely the city’s Jewish population was renewed. In the 3rd and 4th centuries CE the city is mentioned in the Talmud and the Midrash. Renowned sages lived there, including Rabbi Yonatan and Rabbi Yehuda Ben-Ya‘akov. Additional evidence of the growing Jewish population in the region comes from the remains of a large Jewish cemetery and a synagogue inscription.
During the Byzantine period Bet Guvrin became an important Christian center and churches were built there. The Early Arab period saw most of the Bell Caves hewn and during the Crusader period a small fortified city existed here. The Church of St. Anne was restored at that time, during which small farming villages surrounded the city.
The Arab village of Bet Jibrin stood here until Israel’s War of Independence in 1948. In June of that year, the Egyptian army took over the British police station built here at the beginning of World War II. The area was taken by the Israel Defense Forces on October 27, 1948. Kibbutz Bet Guvrin was founded in May 1949.
Archaeological Research Archaeological research began at Bet Guvrin as early as 1900 when P.G. Bliss and A.S. Macalister headed an expedition sponsored by the Palestine Exploration Fund. In 1902, J.P. Peters and H. Thiersch excavated the two Sidonian burial caves. In the 1960s and 1970s the site was surveyed by the geographer Y. Ben-Arieh and archeologists E. Oren, Y. Dagan, A. Kloner and others. Since 1989 the Israel Antiquities Authority has been excavating the site under Prof. A. Kloner and M. Cohen.
An exhibition if reconstructed ancient agricultural equipment is displayed. The model olive-oil press represents dozens of industrial installations to produce oil that operated in this region in antiquity. A typical oil press included a crushing stone and two or three beams to which weights were attached to press the oil from the crushed olives. This in Hebrew is known as ‘beit bad’, beam house.
Olive cultivation and oil production were important to the ancient lowlands. Thousands of dunams of olive groves surrounded Bet Guvrin. The olives were harvested in autumn, which was the time of the main season for the oil presses, which worked continuously for about three months. One round of the initial olive-crushing took about 30 minutes, but pressing the oil took a few hours. Olive oil had many uses in ancient times – for lights, in cooking, as a foodstuff and to preserve food, in rituals, as body oil and a cosmetic. After the oil was pressed out, the waste was used as a fuel and as bonding material in construction. A winepress and threshing floor have also been reconstructed here. Wheat was separated from chaff using animal power at the threshing floor and grapes were trampled at the winepress to produce juice that fermented into wine.
This is a cistern hewn in the Hellenistic period. In the middle is a block of stone, part of a pillar that supported the ceiling. At some point, niches to raise doves were carved into the cistern walls.
During World War II Polish soldiers from General Wladislaw Anders’ army who were loyal to the Polish government in exile in London visited this cave and carved the the year 1943 into the pillar, along with an inscription, ‘Warsaw, Poland’ and an eagle, the symbol of the Polish army.
A columbarium is an installation to raise doves. The word comes from the Latin colomba, which means dovecote. The walls of this cave feature high-quality design and are carefully carved with over 2,000 niches. The raising of doves was very common in the Judean lowlands during the Hellenistic period. Doves were apparently kept for their meat and eggs as food and their droppings as fertilizer. Doves were also sacrificed in rituals. After the raising of doves as a prosperous industry ceased in the 3rd century BCE, other purposes were found for this cave, like many others at Maresha. In Maresha alone, some 85 combarium caves have been discovered, with tens of thousands of niches.
The Bathtub Cave
This is a small cave that was used as a sitz bath. The cave consists of a staircase and two small chambers, one of which was sunken. A seat was carved in the lower chamber. Water poured over the bather, who sat in the sunken room, through feeder channels and spouts hewn into the walls. The person pouring the water would have been unable to see the bather, thus preserving the bather’s modesty. The bathtub was used during the Hellenistic period. This method of bathing may have conformed to ritual purification rites of the inhabitants of Maresha, who were of Idumean origin. More than 20 rock-hewn installations that served as bathtubs have been found at Maresha.
The Oil Press Cave
This is one of 22 underground oil presses discovered in Hellenistic Maresha. Most of them have one crushing installation; two or three feature press beams.
Tel Maresha rises to 357m above sea level, with the upper city, or acropolis, about 30 m above the lower city. The appearance of the steep, terraced-looking slopes of the upper city is due to the remains of walls that surrounded the city for 800 years, from the Israelite period to the end of the Hellenistic period (9th–1st centuries BCE). Square corner towers were integrated into the city wall; the remains of one of these can be seen in the northwestern corner of the tell. The top of the tell affords an impressive view of the national park and its surroundings.
This house has been partially reconstructed, was used as a dwelling and for commerce in the Hellenistic period. The ground floor, with rooms arranged around a small central courtyard, extends over 150 sq m. A staircase led to a second story. The walls of the house were preserved to 1.5 m above the floor and were plastered to protect the soft chalk rock from weathering. The reconstruction team left some of the stones in the rebuilt wall exposed. A hoard of 25 coins was found under the floor of one of the rooms. The latest coin was minted in 113 BCE, and the house was probably destroyed around that year, during the conquest of Maresha by John Hyrcannus I.
Cisterns found under the dwelling stored rainwater channeled from nearby alleyways, the roof and the courtyard. The water flowed to the cisterns by means of a clay pipe and channels. A rock-hewn staircase and bannister descends to the cistern. Beyond the broken wall of one of the cisterns is a large quarry with pillars supporting the ceiling. A passage now links the quarry to the cisterns of the neighboring house.
The Maze Cave
The Maze Cave reveals dwellings and underground systems from the Hellenistic period. The houses are not currently open to visitors; archaeologists have covered them with soil until a way is found to display them without damaging them. The staircase of the northern dwelling descends into the cave to a bathing chamber. From there, you can continue to the columbarium and to a large cistern. Passage continues to cisterns in which Hellenistic-period clay jugs, jars and bowls were discovered. In the last chamber, under the fourth house, is a reconstructed oil press. Unlike today, during the time of Hellenistic Maresha the walls of the underground room had no breaches and no passage linking them.
The Sidonian Caves
During the Hellenistic period the people of Maresha commonly buried their dead in caves with niches. Two of these caves are seen here. Many of the niches are decorated with gables (a triangular architectural element common on temple facades).
The Apollophanes Cave
This is the northern of the two cave and is so called because an inscription was found mentioning Apollophanes son of Sesmaios, the leader of the Sidonian community in Maresha. The inscription, as well as the cave’s paintings, shed light on the art, mythology and ethnic affiliations of those interred in the cave (Idumeans, Sidonians and Greeks). They also reveal their family relationships and burial customs. The Apollophanes inscription clearly identifies Tel Maresha with biblical Maresha.
Cave of the Musicians
In the southern cave paintings have been reconstructed that depict musicians of the period. All the paintings in the caves are reconstructions.
St. Anne’s Church
The church is located on the path between parking lots C and D. This very large church (52 x 56 m) was built during the Byzantine period. In the Crusader period the church was restored on a smaller scale. The church was named after Anne, the mother of Mary, mother of Jesus. The Arab inhabitants of Bet Jibrin preserved the name as ‘Sandahanna’. In Arabic, Tel Maresha was named Tell Sandahanna, after the church.
The Bell Caves
The Bell Caves, which are within the city limits of Bet Guvrin, were apparently hewn during the Byzantine and Early Muslim periods. The caves were used mainly as quarries and provided building material for cities on the coastal plain and for Bet Guvrin itself. The 10th-century Arab traveler Al Muqaddasi wrote of Bet Guvrin: ‘It is a land of richness and plenty, and in it are many marble quarries….’
The Crusader Fortress
The Crusader fortress is located east of and adjacent to the amphitheater. Remains of a basilical church, built in 1136 by King Foulk d’Anjou of Jerusalem, were found in the fortress. The church, which was built in the Romanesque style, served the people living in and around the fortress. The church was adorned with Roman and Byzantine stone bases, columns and capitals that had been taken from the remains of ancient Bet Guvrin.

domain: history


text:
Appears on these pages
Dimentio is an evil harlequin magician and the main antagonist of the 2007 Nintendo Wii video...
This list is incomplete. You can help by adding to it. An alphabetical listing of villains by type.
This article is for the entire community, giving room for users to express themselves and create...

domain: entertainment


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This hardback book of Christmas sheet music includes over 100 traditional religious and popular Christmas songs in lead sheet format. The enhanced CD has reproducible lyric sheets for sing-alongs. In the back of the book, there are twelve arrangements of Christmas songs for solo guitar. From the ancient “O Come, O Come, Emmanuel” to the contemporary “Mary Did You Know?”, from “Have Yourself a Merry Little Christmas” to “Believe” from Polar Express, this collection is full of favorites for Christmas! For more information about this Christmas book or others, call us at 1-800-42-MUSIC, email us at email@example.com, or visit our website. Shop Stanton’s for all your sheet music needs!
The Christmas Songbook


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ECTOR, Texas (Nov. 18, 2022) – All his success close to home this season means Rodney White will drive about as far getting to the IMCA national banquet as he did traveling to win an IMCA national championship.
White won 15 of his 23 starts at Grayson County Speedway, just 10 miles from home in Ector, Texas, and made a single foray to Southern Oklahoma Speedway in earning the Smiley’s Racing Products IMCA Southern SportMod national crown.
“Winning a national championship is something I always wanted to accomplish but didn’t know if I’d ever be able to do,” admitted White, who juggled work and family activities in becoming IMCA’s sole first-time national champion of 2022. “It hasn’t set in 100 percent yet but I’m sure it will when I’m sitting at the banquet in Lincoln. It sounds like I’m going to be the only (national champion) who doesn’t already know what to do there.”
White knew what to do each and every night at the track, finishing outside the top five just twice.
He started the season at Bells with three straight checkers, later racing to streaks of four, three, and then four more feature wins.
“Having all the laps there that I do doesn’t hurt. It’s super close to home – I was able to go back home one night to change a transmission – and just where we like to race,” said White, who collected a career sixth track title at Grayson County this season. “Mark and Ramona Weiss have done a lot with this place. It’s where I’ll be hanging out.”
Third generation driver White followed his grandfather Jack into the sport after helping crew for his father Jeff, a five-time IMCA Modified track champion at Bells and 36th all time in the division with 126 feature wins.
He started his own racing career in 2000 and had success in both Friesen Performance IMCA Modified and IMCA Sunoco Stock Car divisions before finding a new home in the Southern SportMod division.
“We built our first Southern SportMod in 2012 and we’ve been in this class ever since,” said White. “We like the competition, we like the cost and we like being able to race close to home.”
He piloted a 2020 Dynamic Chassis weekly, staying in contention for the Grayson County title in a car borrowed by Trevor Raney and ultimately for the national crown in a Lonnie Redmon ride.
“I won four of my starts in that car, a TRC by Whitey, that I’d raced before,” he said. “Without it, I’d have been sitting out.”
Third nationally in 2018, White’s raced to a previous single-season best 12 feature wins in just 18 starts. He’s now tied for seventh on the all-time wins list for the division with 65 checkers.
White also got to watch son Hudsyn on track in a two-seat factory stock while wife Amanda tossed dirt in a powder puff race.
“This is the first year I got them into cars,” he said. “Amanda ran up front for a while. It was a lot of fun watching her race.”
Wins, 15 – Top Fives, 21 – Starts, 23
His Crew: Wife Amanda and sons Hudsyn and Harlyn, father Jeff, Kyle Bryson, Coleton Trejo, Juan Grijalva and Riley Dodge.
His Sponsors: Bodies by Superman, Leading Edge Suspension, Whitey Race Engines and RJ2 Designs, all of Ector; Amanda White and The Colour Society of Denison; Datapoint Surveying and Mapping of San Antonio; Wendel and Randi Williams, Texoma’s Dent Specialist and The Picture Girls, both of Sherman; Dynamic Dirt Cars of Bailey; Jeramy Hansley at the Holiday Auto Group of Whitesboro; Smiley’s Racing Products of Mesquite and Sherman; Powder AddictionZ and Ink AddictionZ, both of Collinsville; Lewis Ag Products of Ravenna; Texoma Linen of Pottsboro; Duncan Truck Sales of Lamasco; and Speedway Motors of Lincoln, Neb.


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Keep Up With The Burning Lights Tour Tweet
The Burning Lights Tour kicked off in Charleston with an unforgettable night!
Make sure to keep checking back here, Facebook and Instagram and Twitter to keep up with our journey on this tour - it's only just begun!
Burning Lights - AVAILABLE NOW! Tweet
Burning Lights is now available! Special guests include Lecrae, Christy Nockels, Kari Jobe and Phil Wickham. We hope you enjoy the new album! Check it out here: http://www.smarturl.it/burninglights
Burning Lights Tour Tweet
Thanks for such a great response to the presale for the upcoming Burning Lights Tour! All tickets are now available for the general on sale. Hope you can make plans to join us. Going to be special nights together as Louie Giglio will be joining on select dates along with Kari Jobe.
Grammy Nomination - White Flag Tweet
Chris Tomlin earns his eighth GRAMMYÂ® nomination with the announcement of a nod to â€śWhite Flag" for Best Contemporary Christian Music Song. Co-written with Jason Ingram, Matt Maher and Matt Redman, the song is from the live album Passion: White Flag, but also appears on the album, Burning Lights, available on Jan. 8, 2013. The highly anticipated project will release on the heels of the Passion 2013 conference in Atlantaâ€™s Georgia Dome, where he will lead worship with a generation of 18-25 year olds from around the world at the significant, four-day gathering.
Whom Shall I Fear [God of Angel Armies] Lyric Video Tweet
The offical lyric video for Whom Shall I Fear [God of Angel Armies] is now available and it includes the chords for all of our worship leader and musician friends.

domain: artistic


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View north to Haystack Rock at Cannon Beach, OR
Just some clowns we saw on the beach, hehe.
My own little clown on the beach
The approach trail, Oswald West State Park
D & B's sweet ride (borrowed from friends) at Short Sands beach in Oswald West State Park
Sunset over the bay at Wheeler, OR
The first person to guess what these are gets a FQ!
The first time in my life I've been to a public beach where people take off their shoes and leave them 'at the door'. Including several brand new pairs of TOMs! What?
Here's B and I walking on Cannon Beach (photo by D)
Everyone was super welcoming and friendly, especially Violet and Monica who both took a very long morning coffee break with me which was so lovely! I absolutely can't wait to return!
Just because we could

domain: geography


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Below are products we use ourselves and would recommend ordering for your dog!
*Please note we do receive commission on qualifying purchases when you use our Amazon link or promo codes*
ByteTag– Scannable pet tag containing a QR code with your information that can be used to contact you if your dog is found lost!
Use Promo Code Premiere15 for 15% off your purchase!
Pack Leashes – Fun leashes, cute bowtie collars, harnesses, and more! The Comfort Grip on the leads are great!
Use Promo Code Premiere20 for 20% off your purchase!
Amazon – Coming Soon!

domain: pet


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"Once when the reparation of the Fall was shown me in symbolical pictures, I saw Eve issuing from Adam's side, and even then stretching out her neck after the forbidden fruit. She ran quickly to the tree and clasped it in her arms. In an opposite picture, I saw Jesus born of the Immaculate Virgin. He ran straight to the Cross and embraced it. I saw posterity obscured and ruined by Eve, but again purified by the Passion of Jesus. By the pains of penance must the evil love of self be rooted out of the flesh. The word of the Epistle that the son of the handmaid shall not be joint heir, I always understood to mean the flesh and slavish subjection thereto, typified under the figure of the handmaid. Marriage is a state of penance. It calls for prayer, fasting, alms-deeds, renunciation, and the intention to increase the Kingdom of God."
From "The Fall," part 1 of "Sin and Its Consequences," in Anne Catherine Emmerich, The Life of Our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ, volume 1


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Lelands left the first lot in its Late Summer Classic Auction open to some mystery after it launched late last month. It’s not a high-end card or piece of memorabilia, but the GOAT is now out of the bag.
The company announced Tuesday that it would be offering the chance to bid on a meet and greet with Tom Brady with proceeds going to charity.
The date and location will be announced before the final week of the auction, which closes September 25. While the winner will undoubtedly come away with Brady autographs, no outside memorabilia will be signed. The high bidder will also receive two field passes and two tickets to the Buccaneers vs. Giants game on Monday, November 22, 2021 in Tampa. .
All proceeds from the experience will benefit “This Too Shall Pass,” which was created to fundraise for nonprofits impacted by the pandemic. The experience — being made possible by Whipe Fundraising — cannot be resold, re-auctioned or transferred. Travel and accommodations are not included.
Among other headline items up for bid is the “Holy Grail” of Brady football cards – a 2000 Playoff Contenders Championship Rookie Autograph (current bid $327,432) and a 2009 National Treasures #206 Stephen Curry RPA (current bid $132,685).
Additional auction highlights include other high-end Brady cards, a 2017 Patriots Super Bowl LI player ring, a Bear Bryant personally worn houndstooth hat and a pair of LeBron James shoes worn in the 2017 Eastern Conference Playoffs that were gifted to teammate Kyrie Irving.

domain: hobby


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Video Analysis for Various Dogs at the office
January 23, 2006
320 x 240
5 / 5 (78 ratings)
5 / 5
EST. TOTAL REVENUE
$0 - $0
EST. MONTHLY REVENUE
$0 - $0
EST. YEARLY REVENUE
AVG. DAILY VIEWS
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* We try our best to gather the video's growth rate. This is an estimate for a cumulative growth of views.
Various Dogs at the office
But Is it Legal? Dogs in the Office | Inc.com
Aug 16, 2012 · ... the ability to take their pet, typically a dog, to work with ... And you probably believe that if you could just bring your pet to the office, ...
DogFriendly.com - Dogs in the Workplace
Benefits of Dogs in the Workplace. ... But the dogs (of all sizes) roam free in the office or out back in their 'exercise area'." Talking Dog Media, ...
Working like a dog | 10 companies that let you bring your ...
10 companies that let you bring your dog to work ... Working like a dog. Allowing dogs at the office can be beneficial to a company's bottom line. Benefits of dogs ...
Office Etiquette Tips For Dogs | ASPCA
Home > Pet Care > Dog Care > Office Etiquette Tips For Dogs. Office Etiquette Tips For Dogs. Bookmark/Search this post. Facebook; Twitter; Pinterest; Google Plus One ...
United States presidential pets - Wikipedia, the free ...
This is a list of pets belonging to United States Presidents and their families, while serving their term(s) in office. Contents 1 History of White House dogs 2 List ...
Allowing dogs in the workplace can lower stress and lift ...
Jun 23, 2005 · Golden Retriever 'Murphy' rests on the floor of the office of ... Long says having dogs in the workplace goes smoothly when the company sets guidelines ...
Why You Should Rethink Your Office No-Pet Policy | Inc.com
Jul 23, 2014 · Why You Should Be Pro Puppy in the Workplace (Hint: ... which features more than 50 nearby office dogs that are registered to come in. On any given day, ...
DogFriendly.com - Dogs in the Workplace
Guidelines for Allowing Dogs in Your ... at work and you are interested in starting a "dogs welcome" policy at your office, ... Setting Up a Pet Policy ...
Dogs allowed: Creature comforts at the workplace ...
Feb 24, 2009 · • Your dog should be on a leash whenever he/she is with you beyond your office/cubicle. ... Society of the United States just released Dogs at Work: ...
List of Songs that Appear in Episodes - Dunderpedia: The ...
"Who let the Dogs out ... "Christmas Eve/Sarajevo 12/24" by Savatage and the Trans-Siberian Orchestra - a brief montage of various scenes of members of the office ...
More companies, citing benefits, allow pets at work
Feb 27, 2013 · ... research found average stress level scores fell about 11% among workers who had brought their dogs to work, ... having dogs in the office is out of ...
Pets and Productivity: Does Having an Animal in the Office ...
But are animals in the office a source of distraction, ... dogs in the office can help to boost ... try something different today. Don't stay stuck. Do better. I ...
A dog day at the office - YouTube
The video speaks for itself, a funny idea turned into a very nice video. Enjoy ! If you'd like to see other entertaining videos, please visit http ...
Barking mad: Can office dogs reduce stress? - CNN.com
Jul 23, 2012 · ... maybe you should consider getting an office dog. ... employees who bring their dog to the office can cap the amount of stress experienced during ...
Your Definitive Argument For A Pet Friendly Office | Fast ...
Anderson says the office dogs force owners to take a ... "It helps us connect with our end consumer in a different way that isn’t just talking about product," says ...
North Carolina State University: Dogs - Home | ORI - The ...
... are indications for their care in a research setting. Although different ... their research dogs for ... use of dogs is the Office of ...
List of Jim's pranks - Dunderpedia: The Office Wiki
Assisted Pam in preparing a list of absurd medical conditions ... Tricked Dwight into thinking the office was mounting an insurrection ... Sat a live dog with ...
White House Pets (1953 to Present) - Presidential Pet Musuem
White House pets during this era include President Obama's two dogs, ... Our comprehensive list of White House pets begins here... PRESIDENTIAL PETS: ...
Dogs in the Law Office - Attorney at Work
I think people overreact to the “negative” effects of dogs in an office. I have brought my dog to my office for nine years with no problems.
What should I consider before taking my dog to the office ...
Before taking your dog to work . Ensure your dog is ... Check with your office to see if bringing your dog to work is appropriate and will not affect the health and ...
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Around 100 people staged an impromptu demonstration against the proroguing of parliament in Broadstairs yesterday.
Protestors united behind cries of “Stop the coup!”, “General Election now!” and “Democracy matters!”, as they gathered outside the Broadstairs office of South Thanet Conservative MP Craig Mackinlay.
It follows the launch of petition - now signed by more than 1.6 million people - calling on the government not to suspend parliament unless and until the Article 50 period has been sufficiently extended or the UK's intention to withdraw from the EU has been cancelled.
“By attempting to suspend parliament Boris Johnson is trying to do nothing less than subvert democracy," said Mr Thomas.
"He and Jacob Rees Mogg and Michael Gove can dress it up however they like, but that’s what Boris Johnson is trying to do.”
He added: “We want Craig Mackinlay to go to his friend Boris and say don’t prorogue parliament, don’t duck democracy, give us what we really need - a general election.”
Graham Bash of Broadstairs added: "There's about a hundred people here, and probably a hundred different views on Brexit, but the one thing that unites us is our intention to defend our democratic rights".
Labour Party Policy Officer for South Thanet Rebecca Gordon Nesbitt added: "We're here today because we believe in democracy.
"I don't want the people of Thanet to think that we're trying to block Brexit.
"Thanet voted resoundingly to leave the European Union, and the Labour Party have always respected the result of the referendum.
"We want to help restore sovereignty to parliament; suspending parliament is the exact opposite of that.
"Boris Johnson, who claims to want to restore democracy to parliament is actually taking the power away from the people."
Carly Jeffrey from Ramsgate added: "It's not so much about Brexit, it's about impending dictatorship. We’re worried about what could happen next if this is allowed to stand."


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Keywords: legislation, immigration, Canada, small business, Saskatchewan, Japanese communities, Chinese communities, employment opportunities, history, anti-Oriental racism, female employment
Anti-oriental legislation in early Saskatchewan and the development of small business
In 1912, the government of Saskatchewan introduced legislation designed to prevent 'any Japanese, Chinaman or other Oriental person' from providing employment or lodging to 'any white woman or girl.' This legislation was resisted by Japanese and Chinese communities in the province; the Japanese relying on diplomatic pressure, and the Chinese resorting to a legal challenge. The Japanese were successful, but the Chinese were not, and the 1912 Act, and its successors, had the effect of restricting the kind and size of business that Chinese could operate in Saskatchewan, and also restricted the employment opportunities of 'white women and girls'.


Andy Rubin, creator of Android, is working on a new smartphone and he's now teasing the upcoming device. The first image of the product has been released. Almost nothing is revealed by the photo other than a corner of the phone. The phone may be revealed in the coming months.
Next-generation iPhones are expected to launch in September and rumours say that both phones will feature the new Apple A11 chipset. The current Apple A10 is already dominating in single-core tests, and it isn't that far behind compared to other flagship chipsets, despite having
Just two days are left before Samsung officially unveils the Galaxy S8 and Galaxy S8 Plus smartphones, but now we have started hearing more rumours that the South Korean tech giant might start selling refurbished Galaxy Note 7 phablets. It looks like the rumours were legit, as
Just days after the German police in Hamburg purchased 900 Lumia smartphones at the cost of €100,000, Microsoft has decided to remove all Lumia smartphones from its online store in the United Kingdom. Currently, there are only two choices left if you want to purchase a Windows
Huawei's flagship smartphone lineup has just arrived on the shelves in China and although the smartphones pack the same specifications and features as the European versions, the company has priced them much cheaper. The difference in pricing is around $150, which is a lot.
Just hours after alleged sheets of Xiaomi Mi 6 and Mi 6 Plus specifications leaked online, we finally have hands-on images of the company's upcoming flagship phone. Just like it was rumoured, the Mi 6 Plus will come with dual rear camera setup, but the most interesting thing is
With days away from official announcement of Galaxy S8 and Galaxy S8 Plus smartphones, we have just learned the pricing of official accessories for the new flagship models. Samsung has designed a number of accessories, including the DeX Station that is very similar to
You have probably asked yourself why Samsung isn't selling Exynos chipsets to other manufacturers, except for Meizu. Well, according to the latest report by the South Korea Trade Commission (SKTC), Qualcomm prevented Samsung from supplying its in-house Exynos processors to
According to a research firm IHS Markit, who conducted an analysis on the best-selling smartphones of last year, the top spot of the most popular smartphone in 2016 is reserved for Apple. If you thought that the spot is reserved for iPhone 7, you would be surprised to learn that
It has been a lot of talking about Samsung's and Xiaomi's upcoming flagship models, and while we know pretty much everything about the Galaxy S8 and Galaxy S8 Plus, not much is known about the Xiaomi flagship phones. There have been some blurred images leaked over the last few
Google Assistant is rolling out to the OnePlus 3 and OnePlus 3T, making them some of the first Android devices to receive it. OnePlus announced on Twitter that both handsets now have access to the digital assistant. Assistant is headed to more devices.
Although Samsung did a good job on recalling the Galaxy Note 7 and most of the units are return, there are still some people that are using the phone and don't want to return it. Since the Galaxy Note 7 could cause some serious problems, Samsung will now release the last step
Due to issues with Galaxy Note 7, Huawei was the most profitable Android smartphone maker and is the top selling Chinese smartphone company. While Huawei might be one of the largest and fastest-growing smartphone manufacturers in the world, the company still lacks a significant
All major US carriers have the latest flagship LG smartphone available for pre-order, but there is still no unlocked LG G6 model for purchase or pre-order. Luckily, that will change soon as LG Mobile's official US website says that an unlocked G6 is "coming soon."
Apple is going to start making smartphones in India within the next two months, reports the Wall Street Journal. The company will utilize Wistron to make iPhone 6 and 6s units in the country. It'll start making iPhone SE devices within the next three months.
For almost half a year, Nextbit has been tested the Android 7.0 Nougat update for the Robin smartphone. Today, the cloud smartphone is finally receiving the final version of the Android 7.0 Nougat, but it may take a while before it reaches all units in the wild.
Google continues with releasing updates for its two flagship phones. The latest reports from users are saying that the Pixel and Pixel XL smartphones have been experiencing a Bluetooth problem that randomly caused the radio to turn off without warning.
As we are approaching the official announcement, new leaks are emerging online every few hours. Now, we have more information on pre-orders, but also on its pricing. If you thought that previously rumoured price tags of €799 and €899 are too high, then you will be disappointed to
Apple is on track to launch the iPhone 8 this September, reports Barclays, and it'll initially be available in limited quantities. Much of the stock for the phone will become available beginning in the fourth quarter. Preorders could quickly fall to weeks or months.
Just ahead of the official announcement of Galaxy S8 lineup, another leak reveals some information about the Galaxy Note 8. Since its predecessor was a complete failure, Samsung went back to the drawing board to address battery issues, but also made some other


text: Picture like symbols that represented sounds or ideas that were used as the Egyptian system of writing. The Greek Ptolemaic Kingdom, formed in the aftermath of Alexander's death, ruled Egypt until 30 BC, when, under Cleopatra, it fell to the Roman Empire and became a Roman province.  The Lighthouse of Alexandria lit the way for the many ships that kept trade flowing through the city—as the Ptolemies made commerce and revenue-generating enterprises, such as papyrus manufacturing, their top priority. It is common for citizens to also learn English at school. The ancient Egyptians prized the blue stone lapis lazuli, which had to be imported from far-away Afghanistan. Instructions and spells on how to get to the afterlife. The last time we know hieroglyphics were used was in the year 394 CE. , Gods were worshiped in cult temples administered by priests acting on the king's behalf. What were the Books of the Dead? The Egyptian writing did not utilize the use of vowels, so it is impossible to understand exactly how they pronounced hieroglyphic texts. In the New Kingdom, architects added the pylon, the open courtyard, and the enclosed hypostyle hall to the front of the temple's sanctuary, a style that was standard until the Greco-Roman period. As early as the Naqada I Period, predynastic Egyptians imported obsidian from Ethiopia, used to shape blades and other objects from flakes. Using old hieroglyphs, Nur built a large Sphinx around the Ship, on his own, and began to hear a voice inside of his head. Will you take the vaccine when it comes out? You might work in a museum, university, government building, or in the tourism industry. Reading Passage Multiple Choice Questions Short Answer Questions. While it is possible to find entry-level positions with only a master’s degree, the majority of Egyptologists also pursue a PhD. or. After the French captain Pierre Bouchard discovered the stone in Rosetta village during the Napoleonic wars in 1799 CE, it took decades before anyone could figure out what it said. Egyptians stopped speaking Coptic between 1000 and 1500 C.E. Traditional empiricism, as evidenced by the Edwin Smith and Ebers papyri (c. 1600 BC), is first credited to Egypt. , From the mid-first century AD, Christianity took root in Egypt and it was originally seen as another cult that could be accepted. In charge of the administration was his second in command, the vizier, who acted as the king's representative and coordinated land surveys, the treasury, building projects, the legal system, and the archives. For this to happen, the deceased had to be judged worthy in a trial, in which the heart was weighed against a "feather of truth." The Egyptian hieroglyphic script was one of the writing systems used by ancient Egyptians to represent their language. The arid, desert conditions were a boon throughout the history of ancient Egypt for burials of the poor, who could not afford the elaborate burial preparations available to the elite.  Workers collected gold by washing the nuggets out of sediment in alluvial deposits, or by the more labor-intensive process of grinding and washing gold-bearing quartzite. One of the most popular themes was the birds of Egypt, which played an important part in the culture. Similar icons include the Christian cross and the female symbol (“the key of life”). Mothers were responsible for taking care of the children, while the father provided the family's income.. Even before the Old Kingdom, the ancient Egyptians had developed a glassy material known as faience, which they treated as a type of artificial semi-precious stone.  Because of the rigid rules that governed its highly stylized and symbolic appearance, ancient Egyptian art served its political and religious purposes with precision and clarity. The ink and paint came from plants which they crushed and mixed with water. There is a lot of resemblance between symbology and cryptography (secret writing), but there is also one main difference.  Juggling and ball games were popular with children, and wrestling is also documented in a tomb at Beni Hasan. Their system was phonetic – based on the spoken word for a glyph. What is papyrus and how was it made? Ancient Egyptian surgeons stitched wounds, set broken bones, and amputated diseased limbs, but they recognized that some injuries were so serious that they could only make the patient comfortable until death occurred. What is a substrate?  Some of the best-known pieces of ancient Egyptian literature, such as the Pyramid and Coffin Texts, were written in Classical Egyptian, which continued to be the language of writing until about 1300 BC. , Free from their loyalties to the king, local rulers began competing with each other for territorial control and political power. Symbols are a universal language understood by people all over the world. The Story of Sinuhe, written in Middle Egyptian, might be the classic of Egyptian literature. Wine and meat were enjoyed by all on feast days while the upper classes indulged on a more regular basis. They found that the aroma was much stronger than modern mixtures, and lasted much longer, too. 3 Full PDFs related to this paper. The lifelong labors of farming and building put stress on the spine and joints, and traumatic injuries from construction and warfare all took a significant toll on the body. Some symbols – again, just like in English – may have the same sound. Weapons and armor continued to improve after the adoption of bronze: shields were now made from solid wood with a bronze buckle, spears were tipped with a bronze point, and the khopesh was adopted from Asiatic soldiers. Important iconic symbols arose in many human groups across the globe. Thus, they invented written scripts that could be used to record this information.  The material was used to make beads, tiles, figurines, and small wares. To take off the smears of the ink, the scribes used an ink block; a block of wood used to blot the ink. Symbols which represent sounds are called phonograms. The ancient Egyptians invented one of the earliest known writing systems.  In exchange for its luxury imports and raw materials, Egypt mainly exported grain, gold, linen, and papyrus, in addition to other finished goods including glass and stone objects. , The golden ratio seems to be reflected in many Egyptian constructions, including the pyramids, but its use may have been an unintended consequence of the ancient Egyptian practice of combining the use of knotted ropes with an intuitive sense of proportion and harmony.  Also written at this time was the Westcar Papyrus, a set of stories told to Khufu by his sons relating the marvels performed by priests. , The Egyptians believed that a balanced relationship between people and animals was an essential element of the cosmic order; thus humans, animals and plants were believed to be members of a single whole. [d], The earliest attested examples of mathematical calculations date to the predynastic Naqada period, and show a fully developed numeral system.  Some of ancient Egypt's crowning achievements, the Giza pyramids and Great Sphinx, were constructed during the Old Kingdom.  Narmer had Egyptian pottery produced in Canaan and exported back to Egypt. In the New Kingdom, the military began using chariots that had earlier been introduced by the Hyksos invaders. Historiated architecture or sculpture decorated with narrative subjects. Discovered by Egyptologist David O'Connor of New York University, woven straps were found to have been used to lash the planks together, and reeds or grass stuffed between the planks helped to seal the seams.  The Hyksos ("foreign rulers") retained Egyptian models of government and identified as kings, thereby integrating Egyptian elements into their culture.  A group of 14 discovered ships in Abydos were constructed of wooden planks "sewn" together. Egyptian Languages: There are several forms of ancient Egyptian scripts. Other genetic studies show much greater levels of sub-Saharan African ancestry in the current-day populations of southern as opposed to northern Egypt, and anticipate that mummies from southern Egypt would contain greater levels of sub-Saharan African ancestry than Lower Egyptian mummies. The latter comprised offices, libraries (called House of Books), laboratories and observatories. It was important that the right spell, or combination of hieroglyphs, were used. For example, they resolved the fraction two-fifths into the sum of one-third + one-fifteenth. The former tells the story of a noble who is robbed on his way to buy cedar from Lebanon and of his struggle to return to Egypt. Before there was a written language, people used pictures to communicate.  During this time, Libyans had been settling in the western delta, and chieftains of these settlers began increasing their autonomy. Humans' relations with their gods were a fundamental part of Egyptian society. Obtaining a PhD generally involves an extra 1-2 years of coursework, including a dissertation made using original research performed through prior field work. Egyptian Hieroglyphs. The king was treated as a vassal and expected to pay tribute. The grit and sand from stone-ground flour abraded teeth, leaving them susceptible to abscesses (though caries were rare). The third-century BC Egyptian priest Manetho grouped the long line of kings from Menes to his own time into 30 dynasties, a system still used today. Our use of … The domestic dwellings of elite and ordinary Egyptians alike were constructed from perishable materials such as mudbricks and wood, and have not survived. One will not receive the truth in any other way." The god, carried by a number of priests, rendered judgement by choosing one or the other, moving forward or backward, or pointing to one of the answers written on a piece of papyrus or an ostracon. It is believed this symbol was popular due to its attractive symmetry, which was valued at the time. Cambyses II then assumed the formal title of pharaoh, but ruled Egypt from Iran, leaving Egypt under the control of a satrapy. Standard tables of values facilitated this. The Egyptians’ use of hieroglyphs thousands of years ago meant that knowledge which would otherwise have been lost was preserved. Percussion instruments included rattles, drums and bells as well as something called a sistrum.. What did Ancient Egyptians use to write with? Temple walls. Archaeologists discovered an ancient fragrance lab in the city of Thmuis. The Egyptian language did not have written vowels, so the exact pronunciation of ancient Egypt is not known. , The success of ancient Egyptian civilization came partly from its ability to adapt to the conditions of the Nile River valley for agriculture. The administration established by Alexander's successors, the Macedonian Ptolemaic Kingdom, was based on an Egyptian model and based in the new capital city of Alexandria.  Adult life expectancy was about 35 for men and 30 for women, but reaching adulthood was difficult as about one-third of the population died in infancy. By the Fifth Dynasty, trade with Punt provided gold, aromatic resins, ebony, ivory, and wild animals such as monkeys and baboons. If you are especially fascinated by ancient Egypt, you might want to study it at an educational institution. Peasants lived in simple homes, while the palaces of the elite and the pharaoh were more elaborate structures. Nodules of the mineral were carefully flaked to make blades and arrowheads of moderate hardness and durability even after copper was adopted for this purpose. :62–65 The cult of the goddess Isis, for example, became popular in the Roman Empire, as obelisks and other relics were transported back to Rome. Punishment could also be extended to the criminal's family. A color that is darker than its basic hue is called a _____.  The kings Seqenenre Tao II and Kamose were ultimately able to defeat the Nubians to the south of Egypt, but failed to defeat the Hyksos. Around 2055 BC the northern Theban forces under Nebhepetre Mentuhotep II finally defeated the Herakleopolitan rulers, reuniting the Two Lands.  Some common fractions, however, were written with a special glyph—the equivalent of the modern two-thirds is shown on the right.. The earliest writing systems evolved independently and at roughly the same time in Egypt and Mesopotamia, but current scholarship suggests that Mesopotamia’s writing appeared first. , Ancient Egyptian was a synthetic language, but it became more analytic later on. Changing his name to Akhenaten, he touted the previously obscure sun deity Aten as the supreme deity, suppressed the worship of most other deities, and moved the capital to the new city of Akhetaten (modern-day Amarna). Stress falls on the ultimate or penultimate syllable, which can be open (CV) or closed (CVC). They used simple, single lines to represent individual numbers from 1-10, and once they reached 10, they would start to use images: 10 was a heel bone, whereas a water lily was 1,000. What was the importance of writing in Egyptian society? Libyan control began to erode as a rival dynasty in the delta arose in Leontopolis, and Kushites threatened from the south. egyptology, hieroglyphs. , The diets of the wealthy were rich in sugars, which promoted periodontal disease. Living and working close to the Nile brought hazards from malaria and debilitating schistosomiasis parasites, which caused liver and intestinal damage. While the field is quite competitive, with enough study, time and dedication it should be possible to find work. This lesson plan is designed to help students appreciate the parallel development and increasing complexity of writing … Learning was challenging as there were a great number of signs to learn, and the entire process could take up to 12 years. Bachelor’s and postgraduate degrees are available to help you learn more about the topic. , The Badari was followed by the Naqada culture: the Amratian (Naqada I), the Gerzeh (Naqada II), and Semainean (Naqada III). A team led by Johannes Krause managed the first reliable sequencing of the genomes of 90 mummified individuals in 2017 from northern Egypt (buried near modern-day Cairo), which constituted "the first reliable data set obtained from ancient Egyptians using high-throughput DNA sequencing methods." Pyramids were built during the Old and Middle Kingdoms, but most later rulers abandoned them in favor of less conspicuous rock-cut tombs. Hieroglyphs are not used quite the same way that letters in the English alphabet are. The staple diet consisted of bread and beer, supplemented with vegetables such as onions and garlic, and fruit such as dates and figs. The Egyptian hieroglyphs will also spread eastward into Palestine, where it will evolve as the Canaanite alphabet. The largest of these early cultures in upper (Southern) Egypt was the Badarian culture, which probably originated in the Western Desert; it was known for its high-quality ceramics, stone tools, and its use of copper. This new method of information exchange has caused a tremendous need for information security. nṯr "god" nṯr.t "goddess" The beings in ancient Egyptian tradition who might be labeled as deities are difficult to count. While formal hieroglyphs may be read in rows or columns in either direction (though typically written from right to left), hieratic was always written from right to left, usually in horizontal rows. The flower closes up at night, sinking below the water as it rests, and then reappears at daybreak. Hieroglyphs were a … , Hellenistic culture did not supplant native Egyptian culture, as the Ptolemies supported time-honored traditions in an effort to secure the loyalty of the populace. , The ancient Egyptian military was responsible for defending Egypt against foreign invasion, and for maintaining Egypt's domination in the ancient Near East. A single hieroglyph could be a sound, a syllable, a word, or even a concept! Let’s use the Egyptian word “Ra”, which can refer either to the Sun, or the Sun god, as an example of how hieroglyphs work: The “r” sound is made with a symbol that represents a mouth. From about 700 BC, narrative stories and instructions, such as the popular Instructions of Onchsheshonqy, as well as personal and business documents were written in the demotic script and phase of Egyptian. Ancient Egyptian civilization followed prehistoric Egypt and coalesced around 3100 BC (according to conventional Egyptian chronology) with the political unification of Upper and Lower Egypt under Menes (often identified with Narmer). If you want to become a professional Egyptologist, this is the process involved: The first step is to obtain a bachelor’s degree in Egyptian history, anthropology or archaeology. Walls were painted white and could be covered with dyed linen wall hangings.  During the Late Period, the worship of the gods in their animal form was extremely popular, such as the cat goddess Bastet and the ibis god Thoth, and these animals were kept in large numbers for the purpose of ritual sacrifice.  Because their methods of calculation could not handle most fractions with a numerator greater than one, they had to write fractions as the sum of several fractions.  From March to May, farmers used sickles to harvest their crops, which were then threshed with a flail to separate the straw from the grain. The ancient Egyptians believed that it was important to record and communicate information about religion and government. Most Egyptian writing was records, legal documents, and letters, important for the day to day running of the country. The ancient Egyptians were thus able to produce an abundance of food, allowing the population to devote more time and resources to cultural, technological, and artistic pursuits.  The relief and portrait sculpture of the period captured subtle, individual details that reached new heights of technical sophistication. , Hieroglyphic writing dates from c. 3000 BC, and is composed of hundreds of symbols. IF I HAD $25,000.00 I COULD … The secret society is associated with Eye of Providence, the “all-seeing eye of God”. You can see it today in Western culture in many places: on jewellery, tattoos, clothing, and in films. Language and Writing - How do they communicate for each language dialect and symbol that came along? , Much of the economy was centrally organized and strictly controlled. Between 671 and 667 BC the Assyrians began the Assyrian conquest of Egypt. Ancient Egyptian writing was used for a variety of purposes, from trading to war. , Estimates of the size of the population range from 1-1.5 million in the 3rd millennium BCE to possibly 2-3 million by the 1st millennium BCE, before growing significantly towards the end of that millennium.. Camels, although known from the New Kingdom, were not used as beasts of burden until the Late Period. Unless you are serious about wanting to master the ancient Egyptian language (which would require you to get a Bachelor’s degree in the field), it is recommended to use an online translation service. , Most ancient Egyptians were farmers tied to the land. Hmmm, sound familiar? The Supreme Council of Antiquities now approves and oversees all excavations, which are aimed at finding information rather than treasure. These natural resources allowed the ancient Egyptians to build monuments, sculpt statues, make tools, and fashion jewelry. The reigns of both Taharqa and his successor, Tanutamun, were filled with constant conflict with the Assyrians, against whom Egypt enjoyed several victories. Their strong writing ability gave them an advantage over some of the other civilisations. , By about 5500 BC, small tribes living in the Nile valley had developed into a series of cultures demonstrating firm control of agriculture and animal husbandry, and identifiable by their pottery and personal items, such as combs, bracelets, and beads. Let’s explore the secrets and wisdom hidden behind some of these symbols.  From Itjtawy, the kings of the Twelfth Dynasty undertook a far-sighted land reclamation and irrigation scheme to increase agricultural output in the region.  The fertile floodplain of the Nile gave humans the opportunity to develop a settled agricultural economy and a more sophisticated, centralized society that became a cornerstone in the history of human civilization. Its art and architecture were widely copied, and its antiquities carried off to far corners of the world. Motivating and organizing these activities was a bureaucracy of elite scribes, religious leaders, and administrators under the control of a pharaoh, who ensured the cooperation and unity of the Egyptian people in the context of an elaborate system of religious beliefs. Definition "Deity" in hieroglyphs; or. Some symbols do represent entire words – these are known as logograms or ideograms. It is likely that very few people are fluent in ancient Egyptian, with the exception of a small number of devoted scholars. The Egyptians, Luwians and Mayan cultures are among those who used hieroglyphs. You know that there existed another Mary who did fit the archetype of a sinner, but that is another story honorable Mr. Bergoglio. Senet, a board game where pieces moved according to random chance, was particularly popular from the earliest times; another similar game was mehen, which had a circular gaming board. Although the ancient Egyptians did not use coinage until the Late period, they did use a type of money-barter system, with standard sacks of grain and the deben, a weight of roughly 91 grams (3 oz) of copper or silver, forming a common denominator. As the empire grew they needed to communicate their ideas and record their history.  Ancient Egypt has left a lasting legacy. [better source needed], The Egyptian language is a northern Afro-Asiatic language closely related to the Berber and Semitic languages. The writing system of the Egyptians was already in use ... scribe to express ideas. , Mathematical notation was decimal, and based on hieroglyphic signs for each power of ten up to one million. , The ancient Egyptians could fabricate a wide variety of objects from glass with great skill, but it is not clear whether they developed the process independently. Scribes were usually men, though there is some evidence that female doctors existed and could read medical texts.  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RCMP introduce pioneering community safety branch
September 22, 2022 By Sean Oliver, Local Journalism Initiative Reporter
Sept. 21, 2022, Alberta – The RCMP’s history goes back almost to when Canada was formed under Confederation. Created in 1873, the North West Mounted Police became the Royal Canadian Mounted Police in 1920, the same year the force’s headquarters moved from Regina to Ottawa.
Things have changed over the last hundred years. To address modern policing needs, the RCMP announced Sept. 1 the launch of the Community Safety and Well-being Branch in the force’s Alberta K Division.
The branch is the first of its kind in all of Canada.
It is essentially an organizational restructuring that puts existing units – such as data analytics, Indigenous relations, crisis teams and crime-reduction units – under the same administrative umbrella.
Not only does the Community Safety Branch provide more resources on community engagement at no additional cost, but the organization also allows for the creation of new programs targeting specific community needs.
“It’s putting all these critical units together in one branch, allowing for a better stream of information and strategic planning and a lot more operability between everyone,” said Supt. Mike McCauley, who was appointed second-in-command over the branch.
“The majority of the work we do is absolutely proactive and interactive with communities.”
The Community Safety and Well-being Branch operates under four pillars: crime reduction, community outreach, analytics and intelligence, and social engagement.
Formed in consultation with provincial partners like the Alberta Crime Prevention Association and the Alberta Municipalities, the branch’s purpose is to help RCMP officers police according to local community needs and adjust to modern policing issues.
For example, the branch has units dedicated to attracting recruits from Indigenous communities and developing better relations with First Nations, Inuit and Metis communities.
One program McCauley is personally excited for is Home Phone for Good, which has the RCMP working with Telus to provide permanent landlines for homes in First Nations communities that don’t have permanent access to a telephone.
“It’s a fundamental right to be able to call for help, whether it’s for police or health services or an ambulance,” he says.
The branch is also expanding the RCMP’s rural police and crisis teams (RPACT) throughout all of southern Alberta, which partners police officers with licensed mental health therapists to respond to mental health calls. Under the RPACT program, officers and therapists responding to a call will have access to both police and health records.
“It adds another level of expertise,” McCauley says. “A uniformed police officer sometimes, despite his or her best intentions, can be challenging to open up to, especially when a person is in crisis.”
Another program the Community Safety and Well-being Branch facilitates is the virtual opioid dependency program, which partners with Alberta Health Services to provide treatment for arrested individuals who have an opioid addiction.
The goal, McCauley says, is to help reduce the sickness and cravings and help guide people toward rehabilitation.
“We certainly don’t apologize for doing the enforcement side of policing, but what we’re looking to move towards is a more holistic approach to policing,” he adds. “Before, drug addictions were seen only as a criminal problem, but now we see it as a health problem.”
Although the branch’s programs are not yet being implemented in southwestern Alberta, McCauley says the branch is working on expanding services to the entire province, and it is available for officers in Crowsnest Pass, Pincher Creek and Piikani Nation to call upon for information and support.
“It is reassuring to know that, should, say, a hate-based crime take place, local officers have this unit to provide timely assistance and expertise that will hopefully address the special needs of victims,” says Cpl. Mark Amatto of Crowsnest Pass RCMP.
The recorded announcement of the Community Safety and Well-being Branch is available to view online.
– Shootin’ The Breeze
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Federal grand jury subpoenas former Trump White House counsel Pat Cipollone
“The move to subpoena Cipollone signals an even more dramatic escalation in the Justice Department’s investigation of the Jan. 6 attack than previously known, following appearances by senior members of former Vice President Mike Pence’s staff before the grand jury two weeks ago,” ABC News adds.
The grand jury’s move comes on the heels of Cipollone’s damning testimony given to the U.S. House Select Committee on the January 6 Attack, which was broadcast during a primetime hearing watched by more than 17 million Americans last month.
“Cipollone spoke to the committee on a number of topics, including how he wanted then-President Donald Trump to do more to quell the riot on the day of the attack, and how Cabinet secretaries contemplated convening a meeting to discuss Trump’s decision-making in the wake of the insurrection,” ABC adds.
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