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Transcript for New information on finding a coronavirus treatment
And the big question many are now wondering is how close are we to finding a solution to the outbreak. And how long can this go on for joining us now is a person leading the charge to try to find a solution here in the US. Doctor on critically ill from the University of Nebraska Medical Center doctor Cleo first off I know you're busy so thank you for taking the time to speak to us. Thanks for having seen how far along are we in developing a drug to treat covad nineteen. So we you know we we decide sticky a little bit of a different approach is time we designed. The clinical trial to be available to different drugs so we of the trial that we designed with the National Institutes of Health NIH. He's a trial that will be what he called randomized adaptive trials so the trial will VA would to test several different drugs sequentially. The first drug they're gonna tests is and as a veers so this is an indication that has already a track record off a viral replication in aviation so we we looked into in vitro and animal site is. And found that his medication has to do is our ability to win here derive the viral replication so the idea here is to test. This medication as the first one in the trial also half of the patients. We will receive government has appeared and got to have his and received the placebo and the idea here is to run this trial pass fast as possible. To find it's his medication works if his medication works we announced we gonna work in what's called an adaptive process. The medication will be transferred to the control arm and remembering a new medication and processor communication and then can pass a certain medications so forth so the idea is to. Have this clinical prior running. As long as possible we have now a plan to run for at least three years. And we gonna test symbol for drugs so hopefully gonna find that they wouldn't get one or more therapists. Dead skin I mean you can just improved the clinical symptoms and the survival of this patients with severe. Called in nineteen very important to to mention that the trial really is focused on V patients who is a moderate and severe disease. Had you know as you know 80% eighty to 90% of the patients today. We'll have just a mild disease they will basically get cured just on their wrong they will not need in his specific medications. The focus of this clinical trial is. To try to help the people that I need the most people that the gonna have the severe diseases diseases affect the lungs and can cause pneumonia. So what can you tell us about the participants in this trial as well as the corona virus cases that you are already treating. So the you know I cannot tell little any specifics about the frustration on their trial but I can tell that the patient. It keeps improving and and action was discharging from. From the by Clinton units back to quarantine yes that is so mean and that the patient really had a significant improvement being the clinical trial. We've this as I mentioned before is a randomized trial of the mobile I'm so we don't know which medications that they should receive the policy of the hogs for injecting drug but the patient improve demonstration was discharged from the hospital. We have water fourteen patients stats are in the quarantine. That means they need to botch required to be in I mean it's an awesome because they don't have any severe disease though have mild disease. So at this point patients are doing well they're improving. But we are observing very carefully because what we've bonus weave his affectionate sometimes. Hi takes about a week that we can have four the disease progress and you know gain to the lines and president one and so we have to keep very. Close attention teacher and if this patients. Let's get to know I know the York facility also dealt with the Ebola Virus outbreak in 2014. So far how does your experience with these two scenarios compare. I think to compare. Differently but we you know we learned so much in 2014. Through both of the clinical aspects and restored suspects for instance. The trial that we have on the clinical try to to have an hour is basically is and is being built. On what to Lauren we the trials that reviewed dependable outbreaks so we are much better. I'm doing this type of recession on days trying to bring this sheriff is because we. We're learning. On the time debt to we went through this 1004 outbreaks so definitely it's a he learning car of but the lessons we learned danced on the fourteenth are definitely being very useful for what's happening today. All right doctor on nickel -- from the University of Nebraska Medical Center. We appreciate your time doctor as well as the work that you're doing thank you.
This transcript has been automatically generated and may not be 100% accurate.

domain: health


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I'm off to one of my favorite places to travel next week, Helsinki Finland! I always love going out there, everything seems to be so perfect whenever I visit. This time around Teknyc and myself are taking out NYC party, The Go Off! to Helsinki and show my Finnish peoples how we get it in. One of my favorite DJ's in the world, DJ Anonymous we'll be rocking the night away with me for the occassion.
Also while out there I'll be DJing at Circle Prinz and UK Championships Scandinavian Editions which lead to the finals for Circle Kings in Switzerland in November and UK Champs in London in October.

domain: artistic


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The mystery begins with a lost 8-year-old boy being returned to his mom and dad. But it turns out little Jacob died 32 years ago.
His family has mourned him, moved on and aged while Jacob looks exactly as he did in 1982 when he fell into a river and drowned.
Heart strings tugged? Totally creeped out? Or both?
Welcome to ABC’s uber-emotional new drama “Resurrection,” which debuts Sunday (8 p.m. KSTP-TV).
Just as there isn’t a one-size-fits-all way to deal with death, people react in various ways to Jacob’s return. And as the show’s eight-episode season progresses, more people from the town return from the dead.
Minnesota native Devin Kelley, who was born in St. Paul and grew up in Eagan, plays Jacob’s cousin Maggie Langston, a small-town doctor who teams up with U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement agent J. Martin Bellamy (Omar Epps) to find out why the dead appear to be living once again.
“I love that the show’s writer Aaron Zelman took this huge concept and made it very real and about real people,” said Kelley, a 2004 graduate of Apple Valley’s Eastview High School.
“How do people cope who have lost someone? Let’s go there. There’s Lucille, who is open to it right away, that her child is back and then there’s Henry, he’s horrified his son is back — that can’t be real. I love that our show doesn’t just focus on one side of it — we take all of it. If this really happened, let’s put ourselves there, let’s imagine this really happened.”
While filming the show, Kelley, whose character’s mother died when she was an infant, thought about her own grandmother, who died when Kelley was just 10 days old.
“The show opened up thoughts within me,” she said. “What if I could have one day with or a week or an hour with someone I’ve never even had a conversation with, but who has been a huge presence in my entire life?”
Loosely based on Jason Mott’s book “The Returned” and produced by Brad Pitt’s Plan B production company, ABC’s “Resurrection” is not related to the critically acclaimed French series “Les Revenants.”
Even though they have a similar back-from-the-dead-but-they-look-the-same mystery, the French show is based on a 2004 film of the same name and aired on the Sundance Channel last year under the name “The Returned.”
“Resurrection’s” executive producers have said in interviews they have avoided the French series as has Kelley.
“It was such a weird coincidence that their show happened and our show happened and they had nothing to do with each other,” she said.
Robert Thompson, a television and pop culture professor at Syracuse University in New York, said “Resurrection’s” premise is an interesting one.
“It’s this kind of fantasy — what if people came back exactly the way they were when they died,” Thompson said. “I think a lot of people have thought that. And then the idea is, if these people came back, what in the world would we think of it?
“As much as we miss them and as much as we want them back, if we actually got that wish, it would be really weird.”
While Thompson hasn’t seen an entire episode of “Resurrection,” he has seen clips of the show.
“In some ways, it’s a fascinating thought experiment,” he said. “One of the reasons I think these kind of shows might seem more relevant now than pure fantasy is because of all the stuff that’s happening — one day you’ll hear a story about DNA and being able to completely detect anything from a little piece of hair and the next day you hear about a 3-D printer.
“All this stuff that seems ridiculously science fiction, people are starting to do.”
Kelley admits the show might be hard for some people to watch at times because of its emotional pull, but she’d rather have viewers feel too much while watching “Resurrection” than the alternative.
“I don’t think it’s emotionally manipulative, I think it’s very truthful,” she said. “Let’s explore what people would do if this happened.”
Kelley, who studied acting at the University of Southern California and scored roles on the TV series “The Chicago Code” and “Covert Affairs,” and the movie “The Chernobyl Diaries,” said when she first heard about the show from her manager she thought the premise sounded “dumb” and wasn’t interested in doing a “sci-fi zombie thing.”
But once she started reading the script, she couldn’t put it down. She loved the story and knew right away she wanted to play Maggie.
“Normally girls my age get cast as ‘you’re the girlfriend of this guy’ or ‘you’re single and you’re upset about it’,” Kelley said. “It’s about the dating world or how can I have a man and a job. It’s tired. It doesn’t give women a lot of credit.
“The character of Maggie is a smart, self sufficient, really successful, really intelligent woman and she doesn’t have to depend on anyone in the show. She basically has her father, Fred, but she raised herself and took care of him growing up.”
Amy Carlson Gustafson can be reached at 651-228-5561. Follow her at twitter.com/amygustafson.
ON THE AIR
What: “Resurrection” premiere
When: 8 p.m. Sunday
Where: KSTP-TV, Ch. 5

domain: news


The path to success was unconventional, uncompromising, fearful, and relentless for Major Recording Artist Ben Hughes, also known as Tall Children. Although he navigates landmines, puts his money on the line, and forces himself to ignore the naysayers, he dreams of becoming a legend. Hughes’ music career is notable for a wealth of awards, honors, and acclaim and backed by more than 2 million digital streams across all platforms since 2017. every single major news outlet, including BBC Radio, Apple News, and others, has praised the “Tall Children’s” music and brand.
Tall Children’s fanbase encompasses the entire North American continent and areas in South America, Europe, and Africa. The organic growth of Tall Children’s children is an additional boost to its grass-roots marketing efforts.
Ben Hughes’ entrance into television and film was a foregone conclusion. He employs a full-time videographer who is continuously filming the group’s every musical move. In 2020, Ben Hughes started and then released ‘Tall Children’ films and TV. The Tall Children Film/Television production company produces indie films, documentaries, educational TV series, and music videos.
Tall Children Films has an office in London, but it also has branch offices in Los Angeles, California. Tall Children announced in the spring of this year; three feature film projects are scheduled for release in 2021. Ben Hughes’ relentless pursuit of success is displayed in his plan to grow his business in 2021.
Tall Children’s music can empower, inspire, and heal people’s spirits. Tall Children’s music, music executives, International DJs, and music aficionados are universally endorsed by the mainstream media.


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Hastelloy C276 is a nickel-molybdenum-chromium alloy with excellent resistance to a wide range of corrosive environments, including oxidizing and reducing acids, chlorine, and seawater. It is highly versatile and widely used in a variety of applications, including chemical processing, pollution control, and pulp and paper production.
The chemistry of Hastelloy C276 includes:
- Nickel (Ni): 55.5%
- Molybdenum (Mo): 16.0%
- Chromium (Cr): 15.5%
- Iron (Fe): 5.5%
- Tungsten (W): 3.8%
- Carbon (C): 0.01%
- Manganese (Mn): 0.50%
- Silicon (Si): 0.08%
- Phosphorus (P): 0.02%
- Sulfur (S): 0.03%
Specifications and Standards:
Hastelloy C276 tubing is available in a range of sizes and wall thicknesses to meet various application requirements. The following specifications and standards are applicable to Hastelloy C276 tubing:
- ASTM B619/B619M – Standard Specification for Welded Nickel and Nickel-Cobalt Alloy Pipe
- ASTM B622/B622M – Standard Specification for Seamless Nickel and Nickel-Cobalt Alloy Pipe and Tube
- ASTM B626/B626M – Standard Specification for Welded Nickel and Nickel-Cobalt Alloy Tube
- ASME SB-622 – Specification for Seamless Nickel and Nickel-Cobalt Alloy Pipe and Tube
- ASME SB-626 – Specification for Welded Nickel and Nickel-Cobalt Alloy Tube
Hastelloy C276 tubing is widely used in a variety of applications where resistance to corrosion and high temperature is required. Some common applications include:
- Chemical processing: Hastelloy C276 tubing is used in chemical processing plants for handling aggressive chemicals, such as sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, and phosphoric acid.
- Pollution control: The tubing is used in scrubbers and other pollution control systems for removing pollutants from industrial processes and emissions.
- Pulp and paper production: The tubing is used in the production of pulp and paper, where it is exposed to corrosive chemicals, high temperatures, and high pressures.
- Oil and gas: Hastelloy C276 tubing is used in oil and gas production, including downhole tubing, wellhead components, and production equipment.
Hastelloy C276 tubing is a highly versatile and corrosion-resistant material that is widely used in a range of industries and applications. With its excellent mechanical properties, high temperature resistance, and superior corrosion resistance, it is an ideal material for use in harsh environments where other materials would quickly degrade.

domain: chemistry


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August 5, 2012
"Despite Supreme Court Ruling, Many Minors May Stay in Prison for Life"
The title of this post is the headline of this recent ProPublica report. Here are excerpts:
A few weeks after the [Miller] ruling, Iowa Gov. Terry Branstad announced he would commute the life without parole sentences of 38 juvenile offenders, and make them eligible for parole after 60 years....
Under the Supreme Court's ruling, minors can still get life without parole sentences — just not automatically after a conviction; instead a judge will need to decide, taking into account the minor's youth.
For the roughly 2,500 juvenile offenders already sentenced to life in prison without parole, the upshot of the ruling — Miller v. Alabama — seemed clear: "They will all get another bite at the sentencing apple," Dan Filler, a professor at Drexel University's Earle Mack School of Law, wrote shortly after the ruling.
That may not happen if Iowa's governor or many other states get their way. "Justice is a balance and these commutations ensure that justice is balanced with punishment for those vicious crimes and taking into account public safety," Gov. Branstad said in announcing his order.
The governor's action, which sidesteps any potential resentencing hearings, has sparked criticism and legal challenges. Stephen Bright, director of the Southern Center for Human Rights in Atlanta who teaches at Yale Law School, called the governor's order "questionable legally and bad public policy."...
Yet Filler, the Drexel law professor who wrote about the ruling, said it actually leaves the details to states to iron out. "When you look at the decision closely, it implicitly leaves room for exactly what the governor of Iowa did," he told ProPublica. "It doesn't give us any guidance. You have to see this decision as entirely cloudy. Different states are going to try different things."
Indeed, some states have suggested they don't plan on rolling back minors' life without parole sentences, pointing out the Supreme Court left unclear whether its ruling should be applied retroactively to minors already sentenced....
In the wake of Miller, some states around the country have already taken legislative action. North Carolina recently passed an amendment granting juvenile lifers parole review after 25 years. It also requires judges to consider such factors as age, immaturity, intellectual capacity, mental health history, and the influence of familial or peer pressure when imposing punishment.
In Michigan, which boasts the second-highest number of juvenile lifers, criminal defense attorneys have begun mobilizing legal assistance for current inmates despite disagreement as to whether or not the court's decision is retroactive.
In Pennsylvania, the state with the most number of juvenile offenders serving life without parole (444), the state Senate Judiciary Committee recently solicited testimony from various stakeholders to decide how to proceed. The issue of retroactivity there, too, remains uncertain.
Related recent posts on Miller:
- All juvenile defendants get narrow procedural Eighth Amendment win in Miller
- Issue-spotting the mess sure to follow Miller's narrow (procedural?) ruling
- Basic mandatory juve LWOP head-count in light of Miller
- Data and resources to gear up for the coming Miller meshugas
- Questioning forceful (but suspect) claims by the varied Miller dissents: the Roberts/textualism numbers
- Questioning forceful (but suspect) claims by the varied Miller dissents: the Thomas/originalism methods
- Questioning forceful (but suspect) claims by the varied Miller dissents: Alito/legislative judgment concerns
- Criticism of Justice Alito's one-size-fits-all dissent in Miller
- Guest post on Miller from Jennifer Bishop Jenkins, President of the National Organization of Victims of Juvenile Lifers
- Guest post on Miller from another thoughtful victim of a teenage killer
- Iowa Gov uses clemency power to devise (astute? sinister?) response to Miller for juve LWOPers
- Taking stock on what Miller is likely to portend
August 5, 2012 at 05:31 PM | Permalink
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domain: law


The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences will present an Award of Commendation to the American Society of Cinematographers (ASC) at the Scientific and Technical Awards dinner on Saturday, March 2.
The ASC will receive the award, an Academy certificate, for its ongoing publication of the American Cinematographer Manual, the premiere reference book for motion picture cinematographers.
First published in 1930 as The Cinematographic Annual, the American Cinematographer Manual continues to be the most-referred-to book on movie sets, covering all aspects of cinematography from loading film to calculating foot-candles and understanding aspect ratios.
There are 40 chapters in the 929-page manual, each authored by an expert in the field. Among the topics included are film dimensions and standards, a directory of film labs, information about camera accessories and visual effects techniques.
“Over the years, the ASC has continued to provide commentary on up-to-date technologies from leading experts in the field of cinematography,” said Richard Edlund, chair of the Scientific and Technical Awards Committee. “The impact that the American Cinematographer Manual has had on motion picture photography throughout the world provides clear evidence of why the ASC deserves this commendation.”
Currently in its eighth edition, “The Filmmaker’s Bible,” as it is often called, also incorporates chapters on recent digital technology developments.
The Award of Commendation, along with other Academy Awards(R) for Scientific and Technical Achievements, will be presented at a gala black tie dinner at the Regent Beverly Wilshire Hotel in Beverly Hills.
For more info, visit the official ASC web site.
Check out FILMTHREAT.com’s NEWS ARCHIVES and get the movie news you missed!


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A new patient education website has just launched from Australian back pain researcher Paul Hodges group.
Self care for LBP the the most effective strategy but there are many myths which are unmasked here. Frequently these myths such as
❇ rest is best for back pain,
❇ or you need an MRI to identify the source of you’re pain,
❇ or if you have a bulging or herniated disc, a narrow spinal canal, or degenerative arthritis you have a serious back problem that requires injections, or surgery & is likely to be disabling.
This site offers reassuring & reactivating advice on how to stay active, reduce suffering, & get on the road to higher function.
Each treatment in this website has had its evidence base reviewed by our expert panel. We use the gradings shown below to summarise the existing scientific evidence for each treatment. This may change as new research becomes available and we will update the gradings accordingly.
Posted to FB on 2019-07-30 15:01:45

domain: medical


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Tembo Went on Sale
Tembo went on sale yesterday morning. After opening at $1.20 on February 22 and closing that day at $1.44, Tembo shot higher to $2.29 two weeks later as funds ran into the stock.
A placement done at $1 became free trading yesterday and the shares are on sale today at $1.45, a solitary cent above the lowest close ever for the shares.
I’m buying while it’s on sale.
I own a lot of shares bought cheaper but I know a deal when I see one. We are as biased as we can be. Their drill results from the 90,000 meter program are starting to come out and they are spectacular. Tembo is an advertiser and you are responsible for your own investment decisions.

domain: economics


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I-15 about 33 miles North of Las Vegas. Take exit 75 towards Valley of Fire E/Lake Mead. Merge onto Valley of Fire Hwy and continue for 18 miles. Turn left onto Mouse’s Tank Rd. Continue straight and then you’ll soon take a right at the Valley of Fire visitor’s center
F 18, 1/100 sec, ISO 250, 24mm
I spent several days photographing the unique landscape in the Valley Of Fire State Park in Nevada. I hiked the drainages to find these side-by-side arches. I climbed around until I found this perspective where one arch is framed within the other arch.

domain: travel


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britannica.comImage: britannica.comHinduism is the majority religion followed by Indo-Guyanese. The breakdown of religious affiliation for Indo-Guyanese is as follows Hinduism –62% Christians – 20%
What is the main religion in Guyana?
There is also great religious diversity in Guyana. Protestant Christians account for 34.8% of the population. Hindus and Muslims comprise 24.8% and 6.8% of the population, respectively. Roman Catholicism and other Christian denominations also have a significant presence in Guyana. 5.
How did Christianity spread in Guyana?
Like other countries in the region, the growth of Christianity in the country occurred during the colonial era. The work of Christian missionaries in Guyana helped spread the religion among the indigenous inhabitants of the country.
What is the percentage of Indians in Guyana?
Indians ( Indo-Guyanese) make around 40% of the Guyana population approx population of Indians in Guyana as of 2021 is 3 Lakhs. Indians in Guyana can trace their ancestors back to northern India, especially the Bhojpur and Awadh region of the Hindi Belt some Indians from southern Indian states of Tamilnadu and Andhra Pradesh.
What languages are spoken in Guyana?
English is the official language of the country and acts as the lingua franca of the people. Guyanese, Creole, Caribbean Hindustani, Chinese, Amerindian languages, etc., are spoken by the country’s different ethnic groups. There is also great religious diversity in Guyana.
What is the role of shamans in Guyanese culture?
Shamans play a significant role in traditional Guyanese society where shamans are believed to be the connection between the spirits world and humans. Obeah, a folk religion of African origin is also practiced in the country.
What was the practice of the faith in Guyana?
The practice of the faith was regarded as a prerequisite to social acceptance in the region at that time. However, the Africans also maintained their traditional rituals and customs that resulted in the development of a syncretic Afro-Guyanese culture in Guyana.
What is the dominant religion in Guyana?
Guyana, located on the South American mainland’s northern coast, occupies an area of 215,000 square km and hosts a population of 773,303 people. Christianity is the dominant religion in Guyana.
Where did the Muslims come from in Guyana?
Islam In Guyana. Muslims in Guyana also trace their origins to South Asia from where they were brought by the European colonists to work as indentured laborers in the plantations. Different Islamic groups, the Shias, Sunnis, Sufis, and Ahmadiyyas constitute the Muslim population of Guyana.
Which religion is the second largest in Guyana?
Hinduism, The Second Largest Religion In Guyana. Although Hinduism has the second highest number of adherents in Guyana, the number of followers of this religion have been falling in recent decades. Most of Guyana’s Hindus trace their origins to India. The Hindus of Guyana celebrate many festivals throughout the year.
Does Guyana have freedom of religion?
Freedom Of Religion In Guyana. Guyana’s Constitution provides for the freedom of religion in the country. The government of the country also generally respects this right of the people. Discrimination on the basis of religion is not known in Guyana.
Is Guyana a Christian country?
Most of Guyana’s Christians are Protestants while a small population of Roman Catholics also live in the country. Other Christian denominations are also active in the nation. Like other countries in the region, the growth of Christianity in the country occurred during the colonial era.
What is the most popular dish in Guyana?
Thus, a wide variety of dishes are consumed in Guyana. Dal Bhat, curry, and roti (East Indian influence) is one of the country’s most popular dishes. The curry can have seafood, chicken, goat, lamb, or vegetables. Guyana Pepperpot (an Amerindian stew made with cassareep, meat, and seasonings) is a signature dish of the country. Homemade bread, pastries, tarts, patties, and cheese rolls (British influence) are produced in many villages. Guyanese-style chowmein (Chinese influence) is cooked in many homes. Fresh food and vegetables are consumed in plenty. Ginger beer, peanut punch, Lime Wash, pine drink, mauby, etc., are some popular beverages.
What is the Guyana tradition?
Guyana has a rich tradition of folklore that is a mix of African, Indian, European, and Amerindian beliefs. Today, many of these folktales and legends have been penned down by Guyanese authors. Edgar Mittelholzer was the first major novelist from the nation.
What is Guyana’s signature dish?
The curry can have seafood, chicken, goat, lamb, or vegetables. Guyana Pepperpot (an Amerindian stew made with cassareep, meat, and seasonings) is a signature dish of the country. Homemade bread, pastries, tarts, patties, and cheese rolls (British influence) are produced in many villages.
What are the most famous artists in Guyana?
Some of the country’s leading modern and contemporary artists are Frank Bowling, Stanley Greaves, Roshini Kempadoo, and others. The Guyanese also excel in a variety of handicrafts like pottery, basketry, woodcraft, etc. 3. Performance Arts in Guyana. Guyana has a rich heritage of music, dance, and drama.
What type of music is Guyana known for?
Calypso is the most popular type of music in Guyana. Other well-liked music styles include chutney, soca, Bollywood film songs, etc. Foreign cultures have also influenced the Guyanese music and dance. Salsa, Reggaeton, Bachata, Merengue have been introduced in Guyana from neighboring countries. 2.
What is the culture of Guyana?
Guyana Pepperpot is a signature dish of the country. Guyana is a South American country with a rich and diverse culture that is an amalgamation of the cultures of its diverse ethnic groups. 6.
What are the performing arts in Guyana?
Performance Arts in Guyana. Guyana has a rich heritage of music, dance, and drama. There is also great diversity in the performing arts scene of the country. Each ethnic group has its own set of music and dance. Calypso is the most popular type of music in Guyana.
What are the indigenous people of Guyana?
The indigenous peoples of Guyana constitute about one-tenth of the population. They are grouped into coastal and interior groups. Coastal groups include the Warao (Warrau), the Arawak, and the Carib. Peoples of the interior include the Wapisiana (Wapishana), the Arekuna, the Macusí (Macushí), and many more in the forest areas.
Where is the most densely populated area in Guyana?
The most densely populated areas are along the estuary of the Demerara River and between the mouths of the Berbice and Courantyne rivers. Each village’s farmlands extend inland, often for several miles, and are separated from neighbouring village lands by canals. Settlement areas nearest the ocean are connected to one another by a coastal highway.
Why did emigrants leave Guyana?
Numerous other emigrants left Guyana in search of part-time work in Suriname, particularly in agriculture or in the construction and transportation industries.
Why did the Guyana plantations abandon?
They abandoned the plantations after full emancipation in 1838 to become independent peasantry or town dwellers. People of mixed ancestry constitute about one-fifth of the population. While every possible ethnic mixture can be found in Guyana, mulattoes (people of mixed African and European ancestry) are the most common.
What is the mainstay of plantation agriculture?
Today Indo-Guyanese remain the mainstay of plantation agriculture, and many are independent farmers and landowners; they also have done well in trade and are well represented among the professions. Afro-Guyanese (Guyanese of African descent) make up about three-tenths of the population.
What is the largest ethnic group in the world?
The Indo-Guyanese (Guyanese of South Asian descent) form the largest ethnic group in the country, representing about two-fifths of the population. Their ancestors arrived mostly as indentured labour from India to replace Africans in plantation work. Today Indo-Guyanese remain the mainstay of plantation agriculture, and many are independent farmers and landowners; they also have done well in trade and are well represented among the professions.
Is Guyana a foreign country?
Immigration has not been significant in Guyana since the late 19th century. The number of foreign-born long-term residents is thus relatively tiny. The largest percentage of the foreign-born population is from Suriname, accounting for between one-fourth and one-third of the total; the next largest group is from Brazil. Many of those Brazilians are garimpeiros (transient miners), and some have migrated illegally. Emigration, on the other hand, has been a drain on the country’s human resources, as thousands leave annually, going mainly to the United States, Canada, England, and the Caribbean islands. Many of the emigrants were skilled and professional people whose loss intensified Guyana’s severe economic problems. Numerous other emigrants left Guyana in search of part-time work in Suriname, particularly in agriculture or in the construction and transportation industries. South Asians emigrated in large numbers to flee what they considered political persecution.
Why do Guyanese people migrate to Guyana?
In sum, Guyanese Indians will continue to migrate because of inequities in the global system as well as political, economic, and social instabilities and tensions within Guyana. Migration will also continue because a culture of migration has now formed in that to grow and develop one must migrate. Half of the Indian population in Guyana lives …
What are the achievements of the second generation of Guyanese Indians?
First, but more so, second-generation Guyanese Indians have attended top universities in North America and have high-level jobs in law, medicine, and academia, although they have yet to make significant inroads into the political system in which they live, save for a few.
When did the Guyanese Indians arrive in Guiana?
Guyanese Indians in the diaspora. EVER since Indians arrived in British Guiana in 1838, under an indenture contract labour system, they have been on the move. Specifically, Indians have migrated from India to British Guiana, from British Guiana to India, from the plantations to independent settlements, from rural to urban areas, …
Where do Guyanese live?
Most of them live in Queens, New York, Toronto, Jersey City, and Florida.
Where did Indians migrate from?
Specifically, Indians have migrated from India to British Guiana, from British Guiana to India, from the plantations to independent settlements, from rural to urban areas, from Guyana to other Caribbean islands, from Guyana to Europe and North America, and these places back to Guyana on a temporary or permanent basis.
Was the Indian migration to Guyana one dimensional?
It is certain then that Indian migration to Guyana was not one-dimensional , restricted to the circular migration from India to the Caribbean during indenture. Moreover, Indians do not only constitute a significant population in Guyana. They have formed recognizable overseas branch communities, commonly known as diaspora.
Is it possible to cover all aspects of the Indian experience in North America?
It is impossible to cover all aspects of the Indian experience in North America, but some patterns are obvious, however. They have done well economically so much so that they have transformed, for example, sections of Queens into “Little Guyana.”. Success is also noted in educational achievement.
What did Indian indentured labourers do in the late 19th and early 20th centuries?
Indian indentured labourers in the late 19th and early 20th centuries successfully transplanted their skills from their old homes onto their new. In so doing, they not only displayed a high occupational profile in a number of non-plantation, economic activities but helped to diversify the economy of this country.
What was the main labor force in the sugar industry?
descendants of the indentured immigrants constituted the main labour force in the sugar industry from the mid-nineteenth century to the present day. But they had come as free persons from functioning village societies and economies. When their contracts (indentures) expired, they were able to resume their original occupations and recreate near-typical traditional Indian village life in their adopted homeland. After half-century of immigration, for example, the occupations of ‘free’ Indians displayed the diversity of their inherited and acquired talents and were listed as follows:
How much of the population were Indians in 1925?
Indians were largely absent from the political scene throughout the indentureship period. By 1925, although Indians had increased to 40 per cent of the population, they comprised only 13 per cent of registered voters. Gradually, they became more organised in politics and society.
How did the colonial administration help the Indians?
Within a decade, the number of claimants, and the cost of their passages, had doubled. In order to avoid their responsibility, the planters and the colonial administration developed a number of land settlement schemes – Nooten Zuil and Helena on the East Coast Demerara; Huis ’T Dieren on the Essequibo Coast; Maria’s Pleasure on Wakenaam Island; Bush Lot on the West Coast Berbice; Whim on the Corentyne Coast – to lure the immigrants into accepting land in lieu of their return passage. This, perhaps, was the most significant factor in the permanent settlement of Indians in Guyana.
How did religion influence Indian society?
Plantation managers and the colonial administration encouraged Indian religion by permitting free time for the celebration of some festivals such as Holi, and by providing building materials for the construction of mandirs for the Hindus and masjids for the Muslims. As a result, by 1920, there were already about 50 of each throughout the coastland. Several religious organisations, most prominently the British Guiana Sanatan Dharma Maha Sabha and the Sad’r Anjuman E-Islam were established in 1927 and 1937, respectively.
What were the main industries of the Indian agrarian revolution?
By the end of the 19th century, Indians dominated coconut and rice industries and cattle and dairy farming . The food shortage created by the First World War firmly established Indian-grown rice both as a domestic staple and a major export commodity. This was nothing less than the start of an agrarian revolution that transformed both the economy and society.
How did the early 20th century determine the eligibility to vote?
At the political level, eligibility to vote in the early 20th century was determined by literacy in the English language, income, age, citizenship and property qualification. Rich, educated members of the emergent élite were therefore best positioned to exploit the opportunities for political advancement.
How many emigrants did the Sepoy Mutiny cause?
The Sepoy Mutiny of 1857 also gave a great fillip to colonial emigration as the total number of emigrants shipped from Calcutta (Kolkata) between 1857/1859 jumped from 31,184 in 1854/56 to 88,895 or an increase of some 185 per cent.
Why did the Tadjah celebrations happen?
They used the Tadjah celebrations to demonstrate their power in the community. Tadjah devotees in their inebriated state frequently attacked, with their hackia sticks and other lethal weapons, any European or traveller who failed to dismount from his horse or carriage and show reverence to the shrine.
What was the importation of Indian indentured workers into post-emancipation British Guiana?
The importation of Indian indentured workers into post-emancipation British Guiana was part of a continuing search by the sugar planters for a labour force that was tractable, disciplined and accustomed to plantation agriculture under harsh tropical conditions.
How many Indians were on the Whitby and Hesperus?
After some correspondence, two sailing ships ? the Whitby and the Hesperus ? landed in British Guiana on May 5, 1838 with 396 Indians of whom only 22 were women. This shortage of women was to continue throughout indenture with disastrous social consequences in the Indian community. Inter alia, it produced unstable marital relations and an alarming incidence of Indian wife murders in nearly all the recipient colonies. The revelation that Indian women were leading immoral lives in the sugar colonies produced bitter resentment in India and galvanized articulate Indian nationalists into a massive anti-indenture campaign which paralleled the Anti-Slavery movement a hundred years earlier.
Why were Indians under indenture?
Political consciousness among Indians was also low under indenture. One of the reasons was their ignorance of the English language which was a prerequisite to any form of political participation. The absence of prominent leaders in the Indian community also rendered politics less worthwhile. One traditional institution, the Panchayat (council of five elders), had the capacity for channelling political activity, but in such an alien environment it did not seem to survive long. In any case, most indentured Indians looked to the Immigration Agent-General, whom they held ‘in loco parentis,’ to represent their grievances. They frequently approached James Crosby, the longest serving Immigration Agent-General in British Guiana, with full confidence that their interests would be adequately protected and their grievances speedily redressed.
How many Indians were in Guyana in 1917?
Within this 80-year period roughly 238,979 Indians landed in Guyana (143,900 in Trinidad and 36,412 in Jamaica) from the ports of Calcutta and Madras, of which 65,538 were repatriated. By 1917 Indians comprised 42% of the Guyanese population (today around 43% according to the 2001 census). It is estimated that today they form roughly 20% of the English-speaking Caribbean.
What were the major recruiting districts in India?
Within this vast area the principal recruiting districts were Allahabad, Ghazipur, Kanpur, Azamgarh, Basti, Benares, Faizabad, Gorakhpur, Shahabad, Patna, Gaya, Bhagalpur and the 24-Parganas. From the 1890s to the end of indenture, Basti was the single largest exporter of Indian labour overseas. In South India the main recruiting districts were …

domain: geography


Cement slurry used in the Macondo well was unstable and may have contributed to the April 20 blowout aboard the Deepwater Horizon, according to a report issued Thursday by Fred Bartlit Jr., lead investigator for the National Commission on the BP Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill and Offshore Drilling.
In his report to the presidential-appointed commission, Bartlit said that Houston-based Halliburton and BP both knew from previous tests that the nitrogen-based cement, as planned to be used in the Macondo well, would be unstable.
“Halliburton (and perhaps BP) should have considered redesigning the foam slurry before pumping it at the Macondo well,” Bartlit wrote.
BP nor Halliburton had issued a response to the report late Thursday.
As part of its investigation into the explosion that left 11 dead and millions of gallons of oil leaking into the Gulf of Mexico, the commission asked Chevron to test the composition of the materials and the design of the cement job used by Halliburton when it cemented the well on April 19 and April 20. Nine tests performed on the slurry by Chevron for the commission yielded unstable foam every time.
“Although laboratory foam stability tests cannot replicate field conditions perfectly, these data strongly suggest that the foam cement used at Macondo was unstable,” Bartlit writes to the commission. “This may have contributed to the blowout.”
After Chevron’s tests, Bartlit requested data from Halliburton detailing the tests conducted on the slurry before April 20. The documents showed that Halliburton conducted at least four tests on the foam slurry, designed similarly as it was used in the well. Only one of the tests, completed just a day before the explosion, indicated that the slurry design would be stable. Halliburton and BP both had results from previous test that indicated the cement job would be unstable. Neither acted on that information, Bartlit wrote.
Cement slurry is used a barrier between the interior of the well and the well casing. The cement slurry was injected with nitrogen, an unusual, but not uncommon, practice in deepwater drilling.
Halliburton had completed cementing of the final production casing string 20 hours before the blowout. Halliburton has denied responsibility for the accident saying that it conducted tests on the slurry before and after the job. Halliburton and BP officials have said that the cement job completed was successful.
Bartlit’s findings mirror those of BP’s internal investigation released in September, which also blamed the cement as a problem with the well. But Bartlit closed his letter saying that the cement job is not the single cause of the blowout.
“We want to emphasize that even if our concerns regarding the foam slurry design at Macondo are well founded, the story of the blowout does not turn solely on the quality of the Macondo cement job. Cementing wells is a complex endeavor and industry experts inform us that cementing failures are not uncommon even in the best of circumstances. Because it may be anticipated that a particular cement job may be faulty, the oil industry has developed tests, such as the negative pressure test and cement evaluation logs, to identify cementing failures. It has also developed methods to remedy deficient cement jobs.
“BP and/or Transocean personnel misinterpreted or chose not to conduct such tests at the Macondo well,” Bartlit wrote.
The report was released in advance of a Nov. 8 and Nov. 9 public hearing scheduled by the presidential oil spill commission in Washington D.C. to discuss the preliminary findings of Bartlit’s investigation. The commission is led former Gov. Bob Graham, and William K. Reilly, a former administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency.


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LIFAN Power USA’s Platinum Series LF8750iEPL-RV & LF8750iEPL-RV-CA Generator are part of our Platinum Portable Generator Series. Our Platinum Portable Generators contain low THD (Total Harmonic Distortion) alternator technology, which produces “Clean Energy” with a Sine Wave Distortion of 5% or less! With this “Clean Energy,” all of your sensitive tools and equipment can be powered safely, without the risk of damage! The consistent power output of our Platinum Portable Generators can allow contractors to extend the life of their tools on the job site up to twice as long, as compared to tools powered by a traditional Portable Generator. For maximum conductivity, the Platinum Portable Generators use 100% copper windings and welded magnetic plates to produce clean, dependable energy.
These commercial grade generators are a perfect fit for the farm, contractors, emergencies, homeowners, job sites, or special events!
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- Voltage 120/240V AC and 12V DC
- AC Surge Output 8750 watts
- Rated AC Output 8000 watts
- Maximum AC Amperage 62 amps
- AC Cycle 60hz
- Copper Wound Brushless Alternator 40 uF Storage Capacitors
- 120V 8.3amp DC Receptacle with Built-In Battery Maintainer 2 ea.
- 120V 20amp AC GFCI Receptacle 2 Duplex
- 120V 30amp 3-Prong 1 ea.
- Twist-Lock Receptacle 1 ea.
- 120/240V 30amp AC Twist Lock Receptacle 1 ea.
- USB Port Master Circuit Breaker
- 240V Voltage Selector Switch Yes
- Circuit Protection Master Circuit Breaker
- Digital Volt / Frequency / Hour Meter Yes
- Engine Manufacturer Lifan
- Engine Model LF190FD-13111
- Maximum Horsepower (MHP) 15 MHP
- Engine Displacement 420cc
- Starting System Recoil / Electric
- Fuel Tank Capacity 7.5 gallons
- Fuel Tank Material Rust Preventive Coated Steel
- Run Time (@ 50% Load) 10 hours
- Sound Level (@ 7m / 23ft) 75db
- Engine Type 4-stroke OHV
- Fuel Type Automotive Grade Unleaded Gasoline
- Fuel Compliance 10% ethanol mix
- Oil Type & Amount SAE 10W30 20oz.
- Automatic Idle Control Yes
- Low Oil Shutoff Protection Yes
- CARB Certified (-CA) Models Only
- Packaged Dimensions 34½” x 28½” x 35”
- Packaged Weight 235” Lbs.
- Battery Maintainer Power Cord Included
- Spark Plug Wrench 1 ea.
- Mobility / Wheel Kit 10" foam tires
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
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SCPRD Baseball registration March 2 deadline approaching
Published 2:59 pm Monday, February 26, 2018
AMERICUS – For those kids who want to play baseball this Spring and Summer, the deadline for baseball registration is Friday, March 2. According to Tim Estes, Director of the Sumter County Parks and Recreation Department (SCPRD), Friday, March 2, is the final day of youth baseball registration. “It’s always hectic on the last day of registration,” Estes said.
Estes went on to say that they normally have 250 to 300 kids registering for Baseball. He also mentioned that the registration process has to be completed by 6 p.m. on Friday, March 2. Parents can register their kids on line at the Sumter County Parks and Recreation Department website: www.scprd.org, or register on site at 408 Rucker Street in Americus. The cost to register is $65. Estes made it clear that whether parents register their kids on line or on site, it has to be in by 6 p.m. Friday, March 2.


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Manual zz. There is also a section on day trips and excursions around Bavaria. The map below shows the location and extent of the central areas and the one to the right those of the excursions.
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At first glance, the Geisels Werneckhof traditional inn, boasting a stylish location in Munich's trendy Schwabing district, radiates classy and tasteful hospitality. The elegant Art Nouveau-style dining room brings to mind images of top-quality German home cooking. Which makes the menu, featuring extraordinary creations by German-Japanese Head Chef Tohru Nakamura, even more of a surprise.
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Munich dating guide advises how to pick up German girls and how to hookup with local women in Munich. Travel, enjoy and have fun with hot single girls and you might even meet the love of your life. Read more on how to date German womenwhere to find sex and how to get laid in MunichGermany.
I'm planning a four day stay in Munich in late August and I'm wondering if anyone can share recommendations for restaurants, bars, or other must-see spots that are great for a couple- in our late 20s. I'm particularly interested in visiting a couple of regions within the city that aren't of the tourist variety i. Neuschwanstein was also enjoyable though when we went it was raining but we enjoyed the tour of the castle and the food beer at the foot of the hill.


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August recess ushered in the usual lull in Washington activity, but the fall schedule for Congress will more than make up for that with an array of high priority issues on tight deadlines. Chief among them are the continuing debates around government funding for Fiscal Year 2014, the need to raise the federal debt limit, and the automatic spending cuts known as sequestration. With Congress back in town starting on September 9, Members need to work quickly during the nine scheduled legislative days in the month to come to an agreement on a Continuing Resolution (CR) to fund the federal government. One possible outcome to avoid a government shutdown is a global deal between the White House and Republicans that addresses all three funding issues: CR to fund the government, debt ceiling and sequestration.
The government funding crises is further complicated by the escalating situation in Syria. The House and Senate will have to immediately consider President Obama’s controversial request for authorization of a military strike in Syria.
In March, Congress passed a Continuing Resolution (CR) to fund the federal government through September 30, 2013. If Congress and President Obama are unable to produce new funding legislation, the federal government will shut down on October 1. Under regular order, legislators would allocate funding through a set of a dozen appropriations bills. However, the appropriations process has stalled, with the House and Senate unable to agree on a single appropriations bill to send the White House.
When Members return in September, they will have limited time to produce a new CR since Congress is expected to have another recess in the middle of the month. Given the short time frame, congressional leaders likely will use the CR to extend funding through mid-December, allowing more time to complete the appropriations process and then pass an omnibus spending bill in December of this year for the remainder of FY14. Republicans are insisting, among other priorities, that the CR should be at current sequester funding levels of $988 billion.
This now-routine process of extending government funding via CR is complicated this time by increasing calls for using the CR to defund Affordable Care Act (ACA) implementation by both House and Senate conservative Members. House Republican leadership has yet to make a decision, but many privately fear that shutting down the government over defunding the ACA would be an unwise move that ultimately could cost Republicans the majority in the House.
Senator Coburn, who is one of the more vocal opponents of the defunding push, has cited a report from the Congressional Research Service which states that the major funding of the ACA would carry on in the event of a government shutdown for two reasons. First, much of the ACA is funded through multiple-year or no-year discretionary funds as well as mandatory funds. Second, during the FY2012 shutdown threat, precedent was set by HHS’s contingency plan which indicated that ACA implementation could continue as a result of the mandatory funds provided in the law.
Some conservative groups are now calling for a delay of the ACA individual mandate as a compromise position for the coming CR standoff, which could be a more palatable alternative for House GOP leaders.
Regardless of whether the CR is “clean” or includes ACA-related measures, Speaker Boehner will still face the ever-present challenge of finding 218 Republican votes to pass the bill. If he cannot, he will need to turn to Democratic leadership for help which would likely result in concessions on spending levels or sequester cuts.
Three of the many possible scenarios for the CR are:
- Continued turmoil over ACA funding or delays which leads to a government shutdown.
- The House passes a CR in mid-September that delays or defunds Obamacare and then adjourns for the brief House recess in late September. The Senate strips out the ACA funding restrictions and sends a relatively clean CR back to the House at the last minute which the House would likely pass with a combination of Republican and Democrat votes.
- The White House and Leaders in the House and Senate agree to a global deal that includes the CR, the sequester and the debt ceiling in exchange for key Republican priorities such as entitlement reform.
In late August, Treasury Secretary Jacob Lew announced that the U.S. is likely to hit the debt ceiling in mid-October, which is earlier than many analysts previously predicted. Some have questioned the timeline given that the September quarterly tax payments could be substantial and additional dividend payments from Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac are expected. Treasury may be trying to force Congress into acting sooner rather than later.
Congress and the White House alike have expressed a desire to avoid a repeat of the protracted debt ceiling negotiations of summer 2011. Key House and Senate Republicans, however, continue to demand that any increase in the debt limit include reductions in federal spending as well as possible other concessions, such as approval of the Keystone XL pipeline or changes to the ACA.
Republican leaders have not shown their cards yet on the debt ceiling negotiation, but many believe that the best bet for Republicans is to combine the debt ceiling increase with another outstanding leverage point for Democrats – sequestration. Lumping those two together, some Republican believe, would result in a win-win for both parties. The President could say he stuck to his commitment of not negotiating over the debt ceiling and say that any concessions were related to the sequester. Republicans would hope to come away with more concessions that they might otherwise get on a debt ceiling-only deal.
Obama aides continued to try to find common ground with some Republican senators on fiscal issues throughout the summer, with the most recent meeting on August 29. Reports from the August 29 meeting, however, were not encouraging as both sides decided to take a break from talks as a result of lack of progress.
Concern continues to grow over the automatic spending cuts known as sequestration, which went into effect in March. Under sequestration, the federal government is required to make $1.2 trillion in across-the-board spending cuts over ten years, split evenly between defense and non-defense spending. While the effects of sequestration in its first year have been manageable, concern is growing among policymakers over the long term effects of the spending cuts.
This issue, if addressed, will most likely be attached to one of the other pending big ticket items.
Tax reform will heat up this fall with self-imposed deadlines to move bills out of the House and Senate before the end of the year. Senate Finance Chairman Max Baucus (D-MT) and House Ways and Means Chairman Dave Camp (R-MI) continued their tour across America in August to drum up support for tax reform. They are likely to begin work on drafting final legislative language in September, which is expected to come later in the fall. While the Baucus and Camp bills will have some common ground, they are likely to differ on several key points.
Given the current debates over government funding, the debt limit, and sequestration, getting comprehensive tax reform through Congress and to the White House will be extremely difficult. At one point, some thought that debt limit and tax reform could merge together into a package, but that is looking less likely given the new timeline announced by Secretary Lew.
The task became even more difficult when Secretary Lew stated in August that he does not “see a path towards comprehensive tax reform” unless it raises additional revenue, which clashes with Republican views that tax reform should be revenue neutral. Chairmen Baucus and Camp, though, remain committed to passing tax reform legislation before they hand over the leadership of their committees in 2015 when Camp is term-limited and Baucus retires.
The business community continues to fragment itself on various issues and into a myriad of coalitions. As business groups raise concerns about the details of tax reform, Members are also keenly aware of constituent interests in tax reform which generally tend to be less concerned about the business side of tax reform and less aware of the benefits. Members continue to be wary about the impact on 2014 elections if the House or the Senate moves forward with a comprehensive tax reform bill that forces votes on difficult issues, especially if any major tax reform package is not likely to be signed into law before the end of 2014.
Several other outstanding issues face Congress when lawmakers return in September. In addition to the CR and the debt ceiling, the Farm Bill is also on a deadline. The 2008 Farm Bill expired nearly a year ago, but it was temporarily extended through September 30, 2013. Both the House and the Senate have passed bills to reauthorize these programs already this year, but they have yet to work out the significant differences. If Congress is unable to reach a compromise on the Farm Bill, they would have to include a short-term extension of the program before October 1, most likely as part of the CR.
On immigration reform, progress is expected to be slow this month given the short legislative schedule and the serious issues facing Congress in September. The Senate previously passed a comprehensive immigration reform bill in June, but the House has yet to produce similar legislation. Speaker Boehner ruled out accepting the Senate immigration proposal and stated that the House will move at its own pace. The White House is expected to continue to push Congress to enact immigration reform, which is a priority in President Obama’s second term agenda.
On the health care front, as federal and state governments continue ACA implementation, Congress, especially Republicans, are expected to continue their scrutiny of President Obama’s signature law. On October 1, Americans will be able to begin enrolling in federally or state controlled insurance exchanges. The rollout of this and other ACA programs has not been without bumps, however. In July, the Obama Administration announced that it would delay the employer mandate, prompting criticism from ACA opponents.
Further concern was raised when HHS announced in August that it would delay slightly the signing of final agreements with insurance plans to be sold on the federal health insurance exchanges. Consequently, Republicans have called for additional delays in the ACA, including the individual mandate. In August, Senate Republican Leader Mitch McConnell (R-KY) went further by calling for HHS to delay the launch of the insurance exchanges. As open enrollment draws nearer, Republicans are expected to continue their criticism of the ACA and call for further delays.
A final issue that Congress will be forced to immediately address upon return is President Obama’s proposed military involvement in the deteriorating situation in Syria. Following reports that the Syrian regime used chemical weapons on civilians, President Obama condemned the acts and announced that he would order targeted strikes of Syrian military sites. While President Obama believes he has the authority to execute these strikes, he is seeking Congressional approval first. Reaction to the President’s plan was mixed, with Members in both parties split on whether to get involved in the ongoing Syrian civil war. In the meantime, Russia has proposed a deal in which Syria would hand over all chemical weapons to avoid American air strikes. Secretary of State John Kerry says the United States will be prepared to strike Syria if the international community is not convinced Syria is fully complying. Everyone will be closely monitoring this volatile situation.

domain: politics


text: This scarce, oblong quarto bird lithograph is from Carl Jacob Sundevall’s Svenska Foglarna. The work was published in Stockholm by J. & A. Riis and D & G. Beijer between 1856 and 1886. Most of the plates were after Peter Akerlund’s work. Svenska Foglarna is considered the definitive 19th century work on birds in Sweden.


The opinion of Nigel McKinley, the UpHire Managing Director
Whether the project is big or small, day or night, Uphire has the right equipment and hire solution for you. We of Uphire loves being first to market with new equipment, so back in 2016 when we first saw the unique capability of the Athena Bi-levelling scissor lift, Uphire had to have one, in fact we bought two, said Managing Director Nigel McKinley.
McKinley added “At the time the Athena 850 was a new machine in the Australian market and this unit offered something that other machines didn’t. The ability to level on slopes, uneven ground and inclines up to 20 degrees without outriggers was, and still is, something unique in our industry. This appealed to me and gave us a point of difference, which is important for any company. With a platform capacity of 250kg and a working height of 8 metres, the Athena 850 Bi-Levelling Scissor Lift is an exceptional machine for all your tasks. This machine can take on challenging landscapes and is designed to provide stability on uneven terrain, ensuring workers are protected and are able to work on the platform safely.”
What problem did the machine solve for the UpHire customer
Uphire, located in Sydney, added two more Athena 850 BL‘s in 2017 and a Jibbi 1250 EVO and the Athena 1090 EVO to its fleet in 2020. The features on these machines make it an easy choice for the “hard to get to” jobs where bigger conventional booms and scissors can’t because of size, weight and length restrictions for certain jobs. Recently Uphire had a customer that needed the Jibbi 1250 EVO to do high pressure water cleaning on a building in the City of Sydney. The light weight and rubber tracks of the Jibbi 1250 EVO was ideal as it was working on a foot path where there were underground services below. Overnight when the machine is packed up it’s nice and compact and doesn’t take up too much space and an added bonus is that it is much easier for a smaller truck to transport it through the busy CBD. The Athena 1090 EVO was perfect for another job, where a conventional scissor couldn’t fit because of the tight narrow access and there was weight restrictions as well. Steel plates were needed to be placed over a pit and then drive the Athena 1090 onto the plates to get close up to the building. The site engineers were amazed of the Bi Levelling capabilities along with the compact size of the machine. I can’t think of many other machines that would of been able to this job.
Contact Uphire today to secure one for your next project:
Ph: 1300 874 473
AlmaCrawler presents the new JIBBI 1670 EVO Self-propelled Telescopic Crawler Boom
JIBBI 1670 EVO represents the evolution of the JT series, not only in terms of working height but also in terms of technology, versatility and innovation. This new addition stands out not only due to its maximum working height of 16 m, but also for the operating reach that ranges from 6.7 to 8.5 m and the possibility for the operator to travel up to a moving height of 9 m.
Introducing a new feature, a variable undercarriage track width with different track-opening configurations that allow the operator to work in narrow spaces but then stabilize to achieve full working height – operating track widths: 1.35 m, 1.90 m, 2.20 m and 2.45 m.
A newly introduced feature, born as a result of our research & development department’s work, is the new remote connected control panel that through the dedicated APP “MyAlmac Control Panel” allows the continuous monitoring of the machine’s service status, while offering the possibility to interact/modify the operating parameters adapting them to the requirements of your fleets.
Like our previous models, the JIBBI 1670 EVO uses the automatic levelling system “Dynamic Levelling”, our globally recognized technology, able to compensate gradients of up to 22° (40%) during transport conditions travelling and the Pro-Active Levelling technology, which works to cover the “driving at height” operations.
Equipped with a 3-cylinder Yanmar diesel engine (14.1kW – 19.2 HP), this self-propelled unit has a total weight of only 3850 kg with a ground load of 3.1 KN/m2. Its compact size allows the machine to be used in restricted spaces, thus ensuring ease of use and movement. In transport conditions JIBBI 1670 EVO showcases a minimum width of 1.35 m, a stowed height of 1.99 m and a full length of 5.17 m which can be further reduced to only 4.40 m by quickly and easily dismounting the basket. The standard basket is 1.4 m wide basket (designed to allow the operator to position it in the same width of the machine), but we also offer the option of a slightly wider 1.8 m basket, designed to favour the comfort of the operators. Both versions have the possibility to rotate +/- 70° while guaranteeing a maximum capacity of 230 kg. The optional configuration is completed by the 200 Series Winch Kit already presented and promoted on the JIBBI 1250 and 1270 range.
What technologies are used?
Like all the AlmaCrawler products, the JIBBI 1670 EVO is standardly equipped with cutting edge technology that enhances its performance mix, combining weight, dimensions, working height and operating reach and establishing it as a revolutionary product for the world of lifting, designed to simplify, speed up and increase productivity while catering and satisfying safety standards for operators:
- DWP – Dynamic Working Performance, dynamic, real-time management of the performance of the machine based on the real working conditions. The system, subject to patent application, operates by simultaneously analyzing the slope parameters of the ground, the configuration of the roadway used and the instantaneous load in the basket, dynamically determining the best available working performance so that the operator can remain focused on his work at height.
- Safe-Lock System, a system to prevent track spillage from the tensioning wheels, both toothed.
- Ultrasonic anti-collision system, to protect operators in the basket with anti-crush barrier function in the two directions of movement of the basket (in the upper and lower part). This system protects operators from unforeseen and accidental impacts.
Would you like more information?
Contact us to receive more information on the JIBBI 1670 EVO
Don’t delay your next equipment purchase. Your business could now write-off any eligible expense immediately, at any cost, until June 2022 in an expansion of the Government’s Instant Asset Write-off scheme.
The measure will apply to eligible assets purchased from 7:30pm (AEDT) on 6 October 2020 and first used or installed by 30 June 2022. It applies to businesses with an aggregated annual turnover of up to $5b.
This scheme is referred to as ‘temporary full expensing’. Full expensing in the first year of use will apply to new, depreciable assets and the cost of improvements to existing eligible assets.
For businesses with an aggregated annual turnover of <$50m, full expensing also applies to second-hand assets. Businesses with an aggregated annual turnover between $50m & $500m can still deduct the full cost of eligible second-hand assets costing less than $150,000, that are purchased by 31 December 2020. Businesses holding assets that are eligible for the enhanced $150,000 Instant Asset Write-off will have an extra six months, until 30 June 2021, to first use or install those assets.
Contact us today on 0402 982 999 for a no-obligation discussion.
The information provided here is general advice only and has been prepared without taking into account your objectives, financial situation or needs. Please speak to your accountant or tax agent for specific tax advice.
Almac has launched its new 16 m, 100% electric, zero emission, self-propelled telescopic boom: the JIBBI 1670 LTH.
Suitable for operating in environments where low noise and exhaust gas emissions are required, the 16-metre JIBBI 1670 LTH electric platform is equipped with a high-performance 300Ah-48V lithium battery and two 20Ah-48V chargers, which allow rapid recharging in just 6 hours, thus reducing downtime.
While maintaining the same operating performance as the EVO version (including: maximum working height of 16 m and 9.8 m moving height, an operating reach of 8.5 m, as well as an undercarriage with four different configurations), the LTH model has the advantage of operating without emissions by exploiting hydraulic power for all aerial movements.
In which places is it suggested to use the self-propelled JIBBI 1670 LTH?
The JIBBI 1670 LTH is particularly suitable for indoor, outdoor and sensitive areas, such as for example:
- Shopping centres
- Residential areas
- Urban construction sites
- Historical centres
The self-propelled JIBBI 1670 LTH is a machine that thanks to its qualities allows to have a lower environmental impact and at the same time to safeguard the health of the operators in case of long-term use.
Almac’s innovative electric machines
To satisfy the needs of customers operating in sectors that require the utmost attention to the environment, the Almac team has designed and developed, in addition to the JIBBI 1670 LTH, another machinery equipped with electric motors.
The development of electrical machinery by Almac’s team aims to offer its customers the possibility to choose zero emission self-propelled crawler lifts, suitable for working both indoors and outdoors.
Among Almac machines with a green soul, it is possible to find:
- The self-propelled telescopic boom JIBBI 1250 ELC with electric engine;
Thanks to these versions of electric self-propelled platforms, Almac is able to satisfy the needs of its customers who are looking for high performance machinery to carry out work at height in complete safety, without neglecting respect for the surrounding environment.
The new service to test Aerial Platform with an simple App
Almac launches a new service to all its customers: ALMAC AT HOME, an application specifically designed to carry out a driving test of aerial platforms directly from home, anywhere in the world the customer is located.
How is the driving test performed with ALMAC AT HOME?
The online operator can enjoy a real driving experience, in a dedicated area created at the company Viadana Headquarters, in the province of Mantua, where the Almac platforms can be tested, controlling the machine directly from the App that faithfully reflects the graphical interface of the real control instruments.
ALMAC AT HOME consist in a complex network of cameras positioned in the new “Crawler Park” demo area, centralized production control and internally developed bespoke software. These elements allows a unique and realistic experience driving test experience of Almac platforms.
The advantages of the new service launched by Almac
The technology implemented with ALMAC AT HOME shows how Almac is an innovative brand not only in terms of products but also in terms of services tailored to customer needs.
Industry professionals, using the new ALMAC AT HOME App, from anywhere in the world, will be able:
- View the machine as a whole and in detail
- Check work performance in real time
- Carry out a demo – a real driving experience of a real physical machine, in real time
It will be possible booking their place for an “Almac at Home” demo date – demos that can accommodate up to 100 users at the same time, thus breaking down any geographical distance.
Almac has decided to propose this new technology by implementing the ALMAC AT HOME App to meet its customers, increasing the services offered related to sales and technical support.
By developing this unique and innovative service, Almac once again proves to be attentive to the needs of its customers, both nationally and internationally.
ALMAC AT HOME is directed to all reference markets and brings innovation and services of the company ensuring operational, commercial and technical proximity to all customers.
If you would like to take advantage of ALMAC AT HOME and test the working of Almac aerial platforms, send us your request by filling in the form in the Visual Demo page.
DON’T DELAY YOUR NEXT EQUIPMENT PURCHASE
Government $150,000 Instant Asset Write-Off
$150,000 Instant Asset Write-Off
Eligible assets will be able to be written off for this financial year meaning that you will pay less in tax. Any new or used equipment with a purchase price of up to $150,000 (exc GST) purchased and installed* between 12 March and 30 June 2020 will be eligible. There is no limit to the number of assets purchased that can be written off under this program. You can purchase multiple assets which total more than $150,000 so long as each individual asset is less than $150,000. Businesses with an aggregated annual turnover of less than $500 million will be eligible until 30 June 2020.
Short term opportunity offered by the Government
From 1 July 2020, this offer will no longer be available and the instant asset write off will return to the normal amount of only $1,000 for businesses with a turnover of less than $10 million.
50% Instant Depreciation
Eligible assets purchased and installed from 12 March 2020 and 30 June 2021 will be eligible for a 50% instant depreciation. Businesses with an aggregated annual turnover of less than $500 million will be eligible until 30 June 2021. New assets only. This incentive is available for 15 months.
Contact us today for a no-obligation discussion.
AlmaCrawler announces New General Manager for its subsidiary Almac Pacific
Almac Italia, the Italian manufacturer of the innovative bi-levelling Scissor lift and telescopic Boom lifts is pleased to announce Bob Mules as the new General Manager for its Pacific operative branch, Almac Pacific.
Mules, a long-time experienced presence in the industry, spent his first 17 years in the Rental Industry, 13 of those years were with Wreckair Hire, acquired by Coates Hire in 2002, before he decided to “cross the line” and spend the past 19 years with Access manufacturers (OEM’s), with the last 10 years as the General Manager of Australia and New Zealand for JLG.
Bob Mules commented: “I’m excited to join such a dynamic company that is driven by innovation and providing the highest standard in safety in daily use. The AlmaCrawler products, with their self-leveling capability are definitely industry leading. Being able to combine my years at the helm of a leading company in the sector with Almac’s technological initiative, is an exciting challenge and opportunity.
Considering the strong appreciation of the customers towards the quality and after sales support of the Almac products, I look forward to working closely with our National Retailers – United Fork Lift Equipment, Youngman & Richardson and Alfasi Hire, the rental companies and service providers. I aim to strengthen our current partnerships and to ensure that we provide them an exceptional customer experience on a daily basis.”
Andrea Artoni, General Manager and Owner of Almac Sri. commented: “Nowadays after 7 years of our history, Almac is being recognized as one of the most innovative and dynamic companies within the AWP industry, as shown by its numbers, growth rate, and the expansion of its product range and increasing sales network worldwide.
The Pacific region is an extremely strategic area for Almac. In fact, our products have already been implemented in the rental fleets of the biggest players. For this reason, today our Company wants to organize, consolidate and reinforce its presence, especially looking at the upcoming development of our range in the next three years.
So, I’m very happy that Bob Mules is joining our Almac Pacific’s team. He will definitely bring his experience and market knowledge to support us in making this next step. The appointment of Bob compliments the new recent strategy that saw us establish our new operational headquarters near Melbourne. This dedicated warehouse, for spare parts and products’ stock, has been set up to support our direct customers and our national retailers, United Equipment for Australia, Youngman & Richardson in New Zealand and Alfasi Hire in Malaysia.”
Mules will assume responsibility for the Almac-Pacific business, starting on May 4th.
All of the Almac team are really excited about the future and looking forward to the challenges ahead as we build our business throughout the market of Australia and New Zealand.
The first JIBBI 1250 EVO is coming in Australia!
Almac introduce in our range the revolutionary JIBBI 1250 EVO, the self-propelled telescopic boom with unique performances and winner of Product of the Year at the IAPA AWARDS in the category “Self Propelled Booms & Atrium Lifts”. This machine have a working height of 12.2m and equipped with a dynamic and automatic levelling system, that ensure to operate on rough terrain and / or on steep slopes. The fist JIBBI will coming in Australia at Duralift in October 2019!
AlmaCrawler wins at IAPA AWARDS as a product of the year
We are pleased to announce our victory at the IAPA AWARDS 2019 in the “Self Propelled Booms & Atrium Lifts” category with the new JIBBI 1250 EVO. With a large number of technological innovations, the JIBBI looks like a self-propelled telescopic boom with excellent performance. This machine guarantees a working height up to 12.2 m and a outreach from 5.5m to 7m. This victory, like that of 2016, is a reason of pride and satisfaction, pushing us to improve every day.
JIBBI 1250 EVO candidate as a product of the year
AlmaCrawler has been selected as a finalist for the prestigious IAPA awards, with its new self-propelled telescopic boom JIBBI 1250 EVO, which thanks to its characteristics and excellent performance competes as best product in the category “Self Propelled Booms & Atrium Lifts”.The International Awards for Powered Access (IAPAs) and the IPAF Summit conference will be held in Dubai UAE on the 6 March 2019.


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AWARE is a sector-driven co-design project to provide specialist training and skill development for existing and potential individual advocates, working in areas of social justice and human rights.
The word “Advocate” comes from the Latin, meaning ” to stand beside”.
By standing beside those who experience disadvantage across many spheres, advocates play a key role in enabling social justice and providing access to human rights and basic needs for those who need support.
Despite the thousands of advocates being employed across WA and the immense and growing need for these services, prior to the AWARE project, there was no dedicated training available to teach specialist advocacy skills. While individual advocacy units exist under the VET system, there is no dedicated course designed for Advocacy specialists.
The Pilot Course
This project was initiated by a collective of eleven community organisations providing individual advocacy including: Health Consumers Council (WA), Developmental Disability WA, Consumers of Mental Health WA, Northern Suburbs Community Legal Centre, Explorability Inc., Ethnic Disability Advocacy Centre, Women’s Health and Family Services, Family Inclusion Network of WA, Uniting WA, People with Disabilities WA, and Circle Green Community Legal (previously Tenancy WA).
The project was funded by Lotterywest from January 2021 until June 2022 to develop the training course, set up an online hub and run a pilot course. The project was auspiced by the Health Consumers Council (WA) and coordinated and administrated by local training organisation Evolve WA (Evolve).
The AWARE Advocacy pilot course has now come to an end. Participant engagement during the 12-week course was extremely high and the project was considered a great success by all stakeholders.
AWARE is seeking organisational project partners for 2023 to help the project progress.
The partnership opportunity is designed to require minimal time from partner organisations and allow each to determine its own degree of engagement, based on interests and capacity.
Partnership is cost-neutral and does not require any financial investment.
While all Expressions of Interest (EOIs) will be considered, ideally partners will be WA-based non-profit organisations who employ individual advocates and/or serve clients who utilise individual advocacy services.
If you would like to partner with this project, please complete this nomination form by Friday 10 February.
AWARE is currently seeking funding for the next phase of the project, for which we hope to deliver four courses between July 2023 and December 2024.

domain: sociology


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This is the X902 Black Spider Mini Radio Control Quad copter by Tec.Bean. This is a small quad copter with a lot of maneuvers and fun to fly.
The buttons are for trimming the flight of the quad copter, and that is where hubby and I seem to have the biggest part of our problem. After he let me read the instructions it was not nearly as difficult as he thought to get the quad and the remote to sync. This is a pretty sturdy and durable little quad, considering it has crashed several times and hasn’t broken, it is rechargeable.
Special design and structure makes the black spider a different drown. Mini size makes it suitable for both indoor and outdoor flying. Wow, the flying black spider is approaching.
– 2.4g Technology Adopted for Anti-Interference, Even More Than One Quadcopter is Flying at The Same Time They Will Not Interfere With Each Other.
– Quad-rotor Design Insure More Stable and Powerful Performance and Make All Kinds of 3D Action More Easier.
– New Designed Structure Makes Assembly and Maintenance Easier.
– Adoption 2.4G Auto Connection Technology, Scores of Quad-copters Can be Play at the Same Time.
– Equipped with the Newest 6-Axis Gyro Control System, This Quad-copter Has the Characteristics of Stable Flight and Easy Operation.
– Full Charged Battery Can Support 5-7 Minutes Steady Flight.
– Function: Up/Down,turn Left/right, leftward, rightward, side flying, 3D flips, 3D rolls, one key roll button, Gravity Control Model
Battery: 7.4V 180mAh Li-Polymer
Transmitter Battery: 3 x AA 1.5V (Not Included)
Control Distance: 30 Meters
Charge Time: About 30 minutes
Flight Time: 6~7 minutes
Drone Dimensions: 9.5*9.5*2cm (3.74*3.74*0.8 inch)
What You Get:
1 x TEC.BEAN X902 Quadcopter
1 x Transmitter
1 x Battery
1 x USB Charger
4 x Propellers
1 x User Manual

domain: design


For the world biggest and the most successful business: business of Apple company, without a doubt, it is a great achievement.
According to General Manager of Apple Tim Cook, iPhone sales are experiencing hard times.
“Last week, we broke yet another significant milestone – one billion iPhone sold under the account”, – Tim said.
This was reported on the company’s website. “He became more than a continuous companion. iPhone – really inherent part of our everyday life, it makes it possible to do most of what we do during the day. ”
The fact that sales of its phones are about to reach a billion, previously reported the newspaper Financial Times.
The average level of sales of the company amounted to 13 million devices per month. Then the company founder Steve Jobs announced the first iPhone at the MacWorld Expo conference.
According to the latest data, the quarterly earnings continued to fall and decreased by 15 percent compared with the same period last year. As the new information, this decline continued.
According to reliable reports market research firm Strategy Analytics, Apple normal competition is not less than just Google, which only in 2014 equipped the same number of devices running its own OS Android. But anyway, Apple company business – business of iPhone production, is leading in its segment.


Michigan City, IN, October 5, 2006 - If you are currently using compressed air to generate vacuum, then consider a more efficient and cost-effective alternative such as a dedicated mechanical vacuum pump system from DEKKER Vacuum Technologies, Inc.
The problem in a typical compressed air/vacuum generator installation is that the generator regulates 100 psig compressed air from a central compressor system down to anywhere from 30 to 90 psig. This regulation is a major source of inefficiency.
In most cases, compressed air flows through the system even when no vacuum is needed. For example, during an average evacuation/hold/release cycle, compressed air may only be needed for one-third of the cycle. During the other two-thirds of the cycle, compressed air continues flowing needlessly wasting energy.
While the entire system is under pressure, losses through ancillary equipment, headers, and the partial loading of compressors reduce overall system efficiency. Although built-in shut off valves are supposed to help avoid this problem, they are often bypassed, leaky or ineffective.
The bottom line is that compressed-air vacuum generators are inefficient and expensive to run.
In a cost comparison study a 75HP compressor/vacuum generator system with 20 ejectors/hook-up points running 2000 hours per year (@ $.10 per kW/Hr), tallies up an annual operating cost of $18,675.
The alternative is a central mechanical vacuum system. Like a compressed air system, vacuum can be generated from a central location (avoiding noise at the point of use) and distributed through a network of headers and drops. However, unlike compressed air, vacuum piping can be made of less expensive materials such as PVC.
A central mechanical vacuum pump system, with careful attention to pipe diameter and isolation valve placement, will provide the same service in the same amount of space as an air compressor/vacuum generator system, but use only a fraction of the energy.
Switching to a 10HP dedicated central mechanical vacuum pump system with 20 vacuum usage points will reduce the annual operating cost from $18,675 to $1,840, saving $16,835 per year. This would be more than enough to pay for the $8,600 DEKKER mechanical vacuum pump system. The price for this 10HP vacuum system with 20 vacuum usage points represents a $30,400 initial capital investment savings over the $39,000 price tag of a 75HP compressor system with 20 vacuum generators.
With an optional Variable Frequency Drive upgrade, vacuum supply will adjust according to demand for even tighter control of energy consumption and greater savings.
Conversion to a DEKKER mechanical vacuum pump system may qualify for additional savings from your local utility provider. DEKKER can help handling this process.
For more information about DEKKER Vacuum Systems please contact: 1-888-925-5444 and ask for an application engineer


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Information Metal Gear Solid V: The Phantom Pain Game
Konami Digital Entertainment continues forth the ‘METAL GEAR SOLID V Experience’ with the latest chapter, METAL GEAR SOLID V: The Phantom Pain. Ushering in a new era for the franchise with cutting-edge technology powered by the Fox Engine, MGSV: The Phantom Pain will provide players a first-rate gaming experience as they are offered tactical freedom to carry out open-world missions.
Nine years after the events of MGSV: GROUND ZEROES and the fall of Mother Base, Snake a.k.a. Big Boss, awakens from a nine year coma. The year is 1984. The Cold War serves as the backdrop as nuclear weapons continue to shape a global crisis. Driven by revenge, Snake establishes a new private army and returns to the battlefield in pursuit of the shadow group, XOF.
The METAL GEAR SOLID team continues to ambitiously explore mature themes such as the psychology of warfare and the atrocities that result from those that engage in its vicious cycle. One of the most anticipated games of the year with its open-world design, photorealistic visual fidelity and feature-rich game design, MGSV: The Phantom Pain will leave its mark as one of the hallmarks in the gaming industry for its cinematic storytelling, heavy themes, and immersive tactical gameplay.
– Open-World game design allowing players ultimate freedom on how to approach missions and overall game progression
– Fox Engine delivers photorealistic graphics, thoughtful game design and true new-generation game production quality
– Online connectivity that carries the experience beyond the consoles to other devices to augment the overall functionality and access to the game.
- OS: Windows 7×64, Windows 8×64, Windows 10×64 (64-bit OS Required)
- Processor: Intel Core i5-4460 (3.40 GHz) or better; Quad-core or better
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- DirectX: Version 11
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There are many modes in which you can play this game and multiplayer mode is also one of them.
Can you play it on PC?
This game can be played on PC as well. Just make sure to download the proper game use and from a trusted website.
Metal Gear Solid V: The Phantom Pain PC Game Free Download for Mac
Click on the below button to start Metal Gear Solid V: The Phantom Pain Game. It is a full and complete game. Just download and start playing it. We have provided a direct link full setup of the game.

domain: entertainment


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A student’s scholarship-winning project at South Dakota State University may help scientists better understand how grapes and other plants respond to drought.
The study could pay off in better production as plant breeders develop varieties for regions facing increased drought stress due to climate change.
Kimberley (Victor) Vaughn, from Laurel, Neb., won the 2011 Joseph F. Nelson Graduate Scholarship at SDSU for the ongoing research, which is funded in part by the National Science Foundation.
“Current predictions of climate change will force wineries to adjust to drier conditions worldwide,” Vaughn said. “Grapevines are one of the most economically important and widely cultivated crops in the U.S. and internationally. The billion-dollar grape industry is the sixth-leading crop in the U.S. and we rank third in production worldwide. A study of the whole-plant responses and differential gene expression of vascular bundles of grape roots to drought stress could significantly impact how the grape industry prepares for climatic changes.”
Vaughn is carrying out the research with SDSU professor Anne Fennell, a specialist in grapes and woody plants in SDSU’s Department of Horticulture, Forestry, Landscape and Parks. She is isolating cells from Vitis riparia grape root tissues under drought stress by using a technique called laser capture microdissection, or LCM.
In addition to her work at SDSU, Vaughn is participating in an ongoing collaboration through the National Science Foundation-funded Grape Research Coordination Network. That program has enabled Vaughn to travel to the University of Nevada, Reno, in order to observe drought stress studies, learn how to analyze drought stress signaling metabolite data, and work with researchers there on integrating their metabolite data with SDSU’s transcript data.
Native grape species
Vitis ripariais a grape species native to North America that grows over a wide geographic area and is subject to a range of environmental stresses. It was one of the rootstocks imported to Europe to help vines there recover from the phylloxera epidemic of the late 19th century. It is a riverbank grape and so is commonly not thought to be drought-tolerant.
“With the global climate change increasing concern about water use, we were interested in looking at what was Vitis riparia’s response to a water deficit, or decreasing water amounts, and what signaling was taking place between the roots and the shoots,” Fennell explained. “It’s been hypothesized by some researchers that a key component of drought response signaling takes place in the root parenchyma cells.”
The SDSU researchers are trying to learn more about the drought signaling mechanism by using a laser capture microscopy unit that allows them to identify and examine specific cells.
“If we fix the tissue correctly, we can capture the cells and capture the information in those cells by extracting RNA, which is the DNA converted to message. We can look at the message, say, between a drought-stressed and a non-stressed plant and identify what’s going on in the drought-stress process,” Fennell said.
Vaughn will then use a whole grape genome microarray — somewhat like a “molecular portrait,” since it monitors differences in the gene expression for many thousands of genes at one time — to determine how cells of the grape plant under stress are responding compared to a plant that isn’t facing drought stress.
The study will generate data that can be compared to other grape genotypes that are more tolerant of water stress.
“It’s valuable for grapes because we’re concerned about sustainability of our crops and water use and the interaction of that roots stock and the top part of the plant that produces the fruit. But it’s also important for providing information for people working on other crops,” Fennell said. “It can give information, say, for somebody that’s working in alfalfa — is this the right tissue to be looking at, what is the signaling that’s going on?”
Vaughn has won a scholarship amount of $4,450, plus tuition and fees, for the work. She is on track to graduate from SDSU in August 2011 with a master’s degree in biological sciences with a specialization in horticulture.

domain: agronomy