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How to Make Cauliflower Rice
Cauliflower Rice is a wonderful low-carb, grain-free, paleo-friendly rice alternative. It’s also a sneaky way to get more veggies into your diet. Watch the recipe video below and see how easy it is to make at home.
What pairs well with cauliflower rice? My Shredded Chicken, Slow Cooker Rotisserie Chicken and Slow Cooker Pulled Pork are delicious. With a few extra spices or a flavorful sauce you could easily turn it into a tasty meal!
Cauliflower rice (lovingly called “cauli rice”) is a healthy, low-carb, grain-free, less starchy replacement for rice. Now, I’m not necessarily a low-carb girl – I do eat white rice and other organic grains – but it’s always nice to get some extra veggies into your meals and switch things up.
Cauliflower, while sometimes not as popular as its cruciferous cousin broccoli, offers an array of health benefits. It’s high in antioxidants and vitamin C (providing 73% of your daily vitamin C needs in one cup!). It’s also a known cancer fighter, thanks to its well-studied anti-inflammatory properties.
But here’s what I love. Cauliflower rice (especially with the cauliflower rice recipes listed below) tastes delicious and is great for weekly meal prep. Make up a batch and add it to your meals for a veggie boost all week long.
How to Make Cauliflower Rice
You can make, cook and enjoy homemade cauliflower rice in less than 30 minutes. Just follow these steps:
- Remove the cauliflower florets from the head of cauliflower
- Grate the cauliflower florets using either the grater attachment on your food processor or a box grater
- Sauté 1/2 an onion with a little olive oil in a pan to add flavor to the cauliflower rice.
- Add the grated cauliflower to the pan and sauté for 5-7 minutes
- Season with salt and pepper and serve or add some of the tasty flavor enhancements mentioned below
3 Tasty Ways to Jazz up This Cauliflower Rice Recipe
Garlic Parsley Cauliflower Rice
Make the recipe as listed below, but after the onions have finished sautéing, add 3-4 cloves of minced garlic to the pan and stir for a minute. Cook the cauliflower rice for 5-7 minutes, then stir in a handful of finely chopped fresh parsley before serving.
Cilantro Lime Cauliflower Rice
Make the recipe as listed below, but after the onions have finished sautéing, add 1-2 cloves of minced garlic to the pan and stir for a minute. When it’s done, stir in a handful of finely chopped fresh cilantro and squeeze 1-2 limes over the rice.
Mexican Cauliflower Rice
Make the recipe as listed below, but after the onions have finished sautéing, add 2 cloves of minced garlic to the pan and stir for a minute. Cook the cauliflower rice for 5 minutes, then add 2 tomatoes (finely diced), 2 tablespoons tomato paste, 1 jalapeno pepper (seeds removed and finely diced), 1/2 tsp cumin, juice from 1 lime, and finely chopped fresh cilantro. Stir it all together for a couple of minutes then serve.
Tips for Making Cauliflower Rice
You can use the chopper attachment on your food processor (the one you probably use most often) instead of the grater attachment, but I find that the cauliflower grains are much more consistent with the grater attachment.
The chopper attachment tends to mush the florets on the bottom and not chop the florets higher up. If you don’t have a food processor, just slice your cauliflower head in half (or quarters) and use a box grater.
Can you Freeze Cauliflower Rice?
Yes! Absolutely. Once you’ve riced the cauliflower, divide the raw cauliflower rice into Stasher Bags or my favorite Glasslock Storage Containers. It’ll stay good for up to 6 months. Then, when you’re ready to eat it, just toss the frozen cauliflower rice into a sauté pan as per the instructions below and cook a few additional minutes.
Watch How Easy it is to Make Cauliflower Rice
More Cauliflower Rice Recipes
- 1 head of cauliflower, washed
- 1/2 yellow onion, diced
- 2 tbsp olive oil
- salt and pepper, to taste
- Slice the cauliflower head in half and use a knife to remove all the florets. Cut some of the larger florets into smaller pieces so they'll fit within the chute of your food processor.
- Insert the grater adapter into your food processor and start feeding the cauliflower florets through the top. Depending on the size of your food processor, you may have to empty it halfway through.
- Heat the olive oil in a large pan and sauté the diced onion for a few minutes, until its translucent.
- Add the cauliflower rice to the pan and sauté for another 5-7 minutes.
- Season with salt and pepper and serve immediately.
Recipe originally posted October 2016, but updated to include new photos and information.

domain: health


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Ready to experience Rio like a real resident? Read this article, as I will drive you through one of the most famous morning routines in this city, at the Fort of Copacabana. Located at the end of Copacabana Beach, before Arpoador Beach, it is a popular tourist spot in the south zone of Rio de Janeiro. It is not just a great place for those looking for open-air, but a getaway from the daily stress. With a splendid view and a lot of history to tell, Copacabana Fort is one of those places that attracts both locals and tourists. This trip has everything you need for a relaxed and enlightened day: an important historical spot, an amazing view, a beach atmosphere, and, of course, a good breakfast. The Fort of Copacabana may not be the most famous tourist destination, but it surely is one of the best. You can have an amazing day there, as the surrounding of the fort separates two of the most famous beaches in the world, Copacabana and Ipanema.
Forte de Copacabana, Rio de JaneiroPraça Cel. Eugênio Franco, 1, Posto 6 - Copacabana, Rio de Janeiro - RJ, 22070-020, Brasil
To understand the history of this fortification, first, you have to understand that several forts were built in the country's major cities at the time of the colony. It started in the 16th century against the threat of invaders and pirates battles, and it lasted until the beginning of the Brazilian republic in the 20th century, seeking to reduce the vulnerability of Rio de Janeiro, the capital of Brazil at the time. That is why, on November 16, 1907, the construction of this modern fortification started. The fort is on a strategic location as it was a region whose rocks advanced against the sea towards the entrance of Guanabara Bay, offering an excellent area for placing artillery pieces.
The construction occurred between 1908 and 1914 in the form of a bunker, and it was a challenge for military engineering. Its outer walls are 12 meters thick and face the sea. This same spot is the house of Krupp German cannons, seated in armored and revolving domes. Two 305 mm cannons could hit targets 23 km away, being at the time the most powerful battleground in Latin America.
Start the day with a breakfast
The best way to start your day in Rio is with a good breakfast, and the Fort of Copacabana can offer you a good experience, together with Park Lage (my favorite place to enjoy a good meal while enjoying a nice view). But keep in mind that it can be very crowded from morning to lunch on weekends and, especially on holidays. So, my tip is to go on weekdays in the morning or on weekends more towards mid-afternoon, it is usually much more relaxed. Another important piece of information here is the dress code. As this is a military zone, it is forbidden to go inside in swimsuits or flip-flops, so if you plan to go to the beach after, bring some clothes in your bag.
Despite being popularly known as the 'breakfast of the fort', the fortification military employees do not actually offer the breakfast. Actually, there are two coffee shops on site: Confeitaria Colombo and Café 18 do Forte. Right after the gate, you can already reach Confeitaria Colombo, which is a franchise of one of the most traditional and famous restaurants in Brazil, located originally at the center of Rio and funded in 1894. But I guarantee that both places are equally good and have very similar prices.
Several fortifications across the country host military museums. The Fort of Copacabana is one of them. It holds one of the most complete museums about the history of the Brazilian army. The Brazilian Army History Museum dates back to the 19th century, and since then, it has changed several addresses in the city, being extinct and recreated until 1987, the year in which it took up residence at the fort. There, you can see important facts of the terrestrial military history in the Colonial-Empire, Republic, and Temporary Exhibitions rooms. With a varied collection of fifteen thousand items in its Technical Reserve, the museum has clothes, weapons, and rare personal objects of historical military figures, such as a lock of Napoleon Bonaparte's hair.
The whole fort has a majestic view of the beach of Copacabana, being located just at its end. As you already know, Copacabana is not just a beach, it is a whole neighborhood located in the southern zone of the city of Rio de Janeiro, the cradle of modern Brazilian culture. It borders the neighborhood of Lagoa Rodrigo de Freitas, Ipanema, Botafogo, Leme, and Humaitá. As it is the most famous beach in the world, it is full of restaurants, bars, cafes, hotels, etc. Basically, everything is made to host tourists in the most comfortable and entertaining way. With all this available, it is easy to find a good path to complete your day after this amazing morning trip.
But if you want to keep the good-vibe day, my advice for you is to go to the other side of the fort, in the direction to Arpoador Beach. Specifically, go to the Arpoador rock, the best place in Rio de Janeiro to enjoy a nice sunset near the beach. During the day, surfers enjoy the strong waves and beautiful sun, and at the beginning of the night, the stone is the main attraction. The rock, which stretches out into the sea, offers a very beautiful view of the hill Dois Irmãos and every day gathers a huge number of people around 17h30. Keep in mind that the place is simple, just with a little infrastructure. This place is considered one of the best places in Rio because it looks very natural and picturesque.
I hope you have enjoyed this chill day at the Fort of Copacabana, a place full of history, amazing views, and an outstanding breakfast.
Are you ready to experience this story yourself?

domain: geography


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Milk allergy: products avoid, foods milk , Use this list to check food labels for cow’s milk or milk products. also, ask your doctor if sheep and goat’s milk are safe. for most people with a milk allergy, the.
Milk allergy – kidshealth, Milk allergy safety tips. to prevent allergic reactions to milk, your child must avoid any foods that contain milk, milk products, or milk proteins..
Cow` milk (dairy) allergy – australasian society , Cow’s milk is a common cause of food allergy in infants, but most grow out of this condition and ongoing symptoms in adults is very rare..
Milk allergy – food allergy research & education, Allergy ‘ milk common food allergy infants young children. learn avoiding milk reading labels..
Milk allergy – kids food allergies, Milk allergy. milk allergy common allergy children. percent young .. children milk allergy. children milk allergy .
Milk allergy: , symptoms, treatment, tests & diagnoses, Explains milk allergy differences lactose intolerance, providing list symptoms adults, children babies. offers.

domain: medical


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An attorney representing a man who fed needles to a dog that led to the pet's death tried to persuade a judge from sending his client to jail by calling him a model citizen and pained father who lost his son to a tragic accident last year.
Lawyer William P. Godfroy asked Monroe County Circuit Judge Michael W. LaBeau to consider an alternative to jail for Gary D. Pinchoff, 65, who stuffed dozens of needles in hot dogs that were left on his property and eaten by a neighbor's dog.
"I made a mistake," Mr. Pinchoff told Judge LaBeau. "I didn't intend to do any harm to that dog."
But Judge LaBeau said he could not overlook the act and sentenced Mr. Pinchoff, of 225 Calvin Dr., to 30 days in jail.
"This was a terrible thing you did," Judge LaBeau said. "I can't just sweep it under the rug."
The 8-year-old black Labrador retriever named Jinx was euthanized after surgery Nov. 16. As many as 80 needles were stuffed into hot dog meat that was eaten by the dog. The dog's owner, Andy Wann, said at the time that he found about 60 needles it his pet's vomit. The needles were about a half-inch long and had the heads cut off.
In court Mr. Godfroy said Mr. Pinchoff, who never was in trouble with the law, was having problems with skunks and other varmints entering his yard. He said his client owned German shepherds and the tainted meat was not intended for the neighbor's dog.
"He is an animal lover," Mr. Godfroy said. "He loves dogs."
Mr. Godfroy also noted that Mr. Pinchoff lost his son, Richard, last April. The US Marine who served in Okinawa was killed on I-275 by a drunken driver who was driving the wrong way on the highway in Wayne County.
Mr. Godfroy said Mr. Pinchoff asked the judge in the accident case to sentence the defendant to fewer years because he felt sympathy for his family. He even embraced the defendant's mother.
"I don't know anyone else who would have taken that position," Mr. Godfroy said.
He also told the judge that since the animal cruelty case became public, the Pinchoff family has been subjected to brutal telephone calls and verbal attacks. Even Richard Pinchoff's grave has been desecrated.
He called his client a religious man and active church member who made a bad decision.
"Something was getting into his yard," Mr. Godfroy told the judge. "He never imagined it was a neighbor's dog."
No one on the victim's side spoke in court. In addition to the jail time, Mr. Pinchoff was ordered to pay more than $1,000 in fines and costs. He was also placed on probation for two years. As part of that probation he is not allowed to own a dog.

domain: law


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Carefiber Optical Technology. shows deep professionalism in designing and manufacturing fiber optic cable slitter. Carefiber Optical Technologyis mainly engaged in the business of data center solutions and other product series. Through reducing mechanical splice for optical fiber, fiber splicing can bring you a fantastic experience. The product can be configured to meet specific FTTH project requirements. The popularity of Carefiber Optical Technologyalso benefits from the implement of quality assurance and high-quality service. The product is good to use for fiber to the home last-mile solution.
We will constantly work to improve our internal workflows and processes to ensure that our company is efficient and forward-looking, which will result in better products and services.


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Are Police Officers and Deputies mistaking perfectly natural hostilities towards them as an actual increase in a life threating work environment?
Long before Andy Griffith donned a badge, law enforcement was a time-honored tradition. Respect for the uniform wasn't demanded it was freely given. What changed? The officer's oath hasn't changed they still swear to uphold the Constitutional Rights of citizens. What changed? Mostly they quit upholding the Constitutional Rights of Children and other Citizens.

domain: sociology


text: Hey guys, Im looking to install a Tacho in my 91 3.9l Dakota. It is an Automation truck so there is no factory tacho. I want this gauge so I can keep an eye on the rpms at different times of use. I know that I need to hook the Tacho wire up to the negative side of the coil to get the rpm readings but I do not know where an ignition switched 12v circuit is that I can tap into right off.. If anyone has a 87-91 TBI and know where an ignition switched 12v circuit is I'd be grateful to know what you know! FYI: I havent invested any time in looking myself yet for the 12v circuit. I just started looking for gauges tonight. Im sure I can eventually find what I need with some looking. This route may be faster! Thanks!

domain: hobby


Six credit bureaus recently secured approvals to do business here in the Philippines, but full operation will take as much as a year as data collection by the Credit Information Corp. (CIC) is still ongoing.
“The CIC has taken a tremendous step in the utilization of credit-related data in the Philippines. As of yesterday, we sent out six notices of approvals for credit bureau accreditation in the Philippines,” said Jaime Garchitorena, president and chief executive officer of CIC, told reporters on Monday.
Approved credit bureaus were Philippine-based Credit Information Bureau Inc.; South Africa-based Compuscan; Credit Bureau Singapore; Italy-based CRI; Dubai-based Dun and Bradstreet South Asia Middle East; and US-based TransUnion.
“For the first time in the history of the Philippines, we will have credit bureaus available to the public and to the general business community. Credit bureaus that have world class technologies that will allow them to use credit data better, whether it is for lending or borrowing,” Garchitorena, said.
However, he noted that credit bureau’s operations are premised on the availability of data from CIC, which is expected to be fully compiled by December 2016 or January 2017.
Meanwhile, the CIC chief said credit bureaus themselves have to undertake a very long process of educating the public, noting that the state-run agency has already launched an informational roadshow to different parts of the Philippines.
“We go to different cities, we go to rural bankers, cooperative, microfinance institutions, we also talk to MSMEs [micro, small and medium enterprises] to tell them what is in store. What they have to do to prepare to take advantage of these products…. Updating their records so they do not appear as negative when the credit registry of the CIC goes online in December,” he said.
“Starting June we should be able to bring accredited credit bureaus on board to join us in this roadshow so that we are credible when we make our presentation. We will have names, faces and products to present to these people,” he added.
In terms of pricing, Garchitorena said the credit bureaus will have to pay CIC P55 for every basic credit report on an individual they extract from the agency.
“Now, what they do is they put their value added services on top of that and of course, charge a fee for that,” he said.
“Initially we’re trying to make sure that the price is very reasonable in terms of what it will cost the average person to get a credit report. We have been suggesting somewhere around the neighborhood of P120 to P150,” he added.


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This Diablo 2 Quests Guide offers a brief sequence of quests and quest items, with notes about areas associated with quests, and some interesting details about those areas.
How is Diablo 2 different from other APRGs such as Diablo 2 and POE. We explain the main differences.
1.07 has long been known as a source of great items: ethereal items, +damage charms, and select Uniques from 1.07 are commonly sought after for their superior qualities. Less well known is the AWESOME potential of 1.07 crafted items, MUCH greater than in later patches. While they may not be able to match certain runewords or uniques, 1.07 crafts can be among the most powerful items possible in the game, and grant mucho style points…
Detailed information on calculating poison damage in Diablo 2.
The dawn of v1.10 gave rise to a new breed of Necromancer, hereby dubbed the Fishymancer. This is a Diablo 2 guide to the Fishymancer.
Diablo 2 Guide: Amazon Faith/Fury Hybrid v1.10 by XZON.

domain: game


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Parent Permission Policy
I give my child/children permission to participate in tthe Saint Paul Urban Tennis Program. I am assuming all risks and hazards incidental to the conduct of the activity. In the event of an emergency, I authorize the Saint Paul Urban Tennis staff to provide or arrange for basic medical care for my children and expect that they will contact me at the earliest opportunity.
In addition, I give permission for images of my child, captured through photo or video, to be used for the sole purpose of promoting Saint Paul Urban Tennis and tennis in Saint Paul and waive any rights of compensation or ownership thereto.
SPUT collaborates with Sprockets, St. Paul's Out of School Time Network.
Sprockets Data Privacy Notice for Research:
Sprockets is a collaboration between the City of St. Paul, Saint Paul Schools, and community organizations that provide after-school and summer programs for youth. The organizations that participate in the Sprockets network record personal information about the individuals who attend their programs and activities in order to (1) track demographics and participation, and (2) conduct research and evaluation on the quality and effectiveness of activities, including their impacts on participants' social and academic skills. Collecting this information is part of a larger effort to improve the quality and availability of programs that support youth and their families in Saint Paul.
Who can see the personal information that is collected for research?
Access to private information about your child will be strictly limited and safeguards are in place to prevent any unauthorized disclosure of private information. Some of the people who may have access include:
- People who work for the organization that provides activities for your child so that they can help provide better programs.
- Auditors or those who have a legal right to review the work of this organization.
- The organization (Wilder Research) and vendor (Cityspan Technologies) who administer the data for Sprockets.
- Wilder Research staff who use the information to conduct research and write reports. Private (identifiable) information about you or your child will never appear in research reports.
- Others may see information we maintain if we are required by law (such as a court order or warrant) to release it.
What are your rights related to the data collected for Sprockets?
- If you do not want your child's data be included in Sprockets research, please tell us by emailing email@example.com. This will NOT impact your child's participation in our programs.
- You have the right to obtain a copy of the information that is maintained about your child for research purposes.
- You have the right to correct any mistakes in the information about your child.
- If you think your or your child's privacy rights have been violated, you have the right to file a complaint with this organization or the Sprockets data administrator or researchers (Wilder Foundation in care of Privacy Officer, 451 Lexington Parkway North, St. Paul, MN 55104).


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Christmas Knit-Along 2018
Join the DROPS-along and let's knit Christmas jumpers together, knit for the whole family!
Here you will find an overview of the material you need, along with several other yarn alternatives!
Remember that the yarn consumption depends entirely on what size you want to knit, that is, you should start by finding the size that suits you: Measure a jumper that suits you — or the one who is getting a new Christmas jumper — and compare the measurements found in the measuring guide to find the right size.
It is available both in adult and children's sizes.
This pattern is easy to follow, but if you are a beginner and a not too confident of your skills, we have made clues where we step-by-step or stitch-by-stitch instructions will help you through this Knit-Along. Both pictures and videos are available that will help you with this cute Christmas jumper.
Have you never knitted a project with several colours? Then this is perfect to start with!
We start knitting together on Thursday, November 1st!
Find the clues here
You'll find clue #1 here


White House: We’ll Push for Another Unemployment Extension in November
Yesterday, White House Press Secretary Robert Gibbs indicated that President Obama might push for another unemployment extension in November, when the extension the Senate plans to authorize today expires.
The Senate is taking a cloture vote today, and hopes to push through a majority-rules vote as soon as possible thereafter. The House needs to then approve the bill, which finally goes to President Obama’s desk to be signed into law. The reauthorization of benefits will extend retroactively to June 2, when 300,000 people a week started to be dropped from the rolls, until Nov. 30. The benefits will aid people who have been unemployed for more than six months in states with unemployment over 8 percent, providing up to 99 weeks of benefits.
Sam Stein at Huffington Post writes that, at a daily press conference yesterday, Gibbs argued the unemployment rate will likely be no better in November, meaning that the White House might push for more benefits:
Gibbs defended the president’s approach, calling unemployment benefits “emergency spending” at a time when the unemployment rate is 9.5 percent. Asked whether that same mindset would hold true at the end of November, when the soon-to-be-passed round of unemployment benefits expire, Gibbs replied:
“I think it is fair and safe to assume that we are not going to wake up and find ourselves at the end of November at a rate of employment one would not consider to be an emergency.”
The press secretary did not offer a definitive number at which the employment situation in this country would suddenly become more tolerable. But he did arbitrarily note that a rate of 9 percent of 8.5 percent would not be “something at where [sic] you decide not to continue unemployment [insurance].”
8.5 or 9 percent is still very, very high. Never before has Congress let emergency unemployment benefits lapse with unemployment over 7 percent. But economists do not expect unemployment to fall to that level until around 2013.


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Leave the door open for the unknown, the door into the dark. That’s where the most important things come from, where you yourself came from, and where you will go.
About This Quote
Leaving the door open for the unknown is a way to let in possibilities. It is also a way to encourage the ability to be open-minded and take risks. It is an easy way to get started, but it can also lead to neglecting oneâ€™s own value system.
Source: A Field Guide To Getting Lost
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- The desire to go home that is a desire to be whole, to know where you are, to be the point of intersection of all the lines drawn through all the stars, to be the constellation-maker and the center of the world, that center called...
- Leave the door open for the unknown, the door into the dark. That’s where the most important things come from, where you yourself came from, and where you will go.
- How will you go about finding that thing the nature of which is totally unknown to you?" (Plato) The things we want are transformative, and we don’t know or only think we know what is on the other side of that transformation. Love, wisdom, grace,...
- Hope is not a lottery ticket you can sit on the sofa and clutch, feeling lucky. It is an axe you break down doors with in an emergency. Hope should shove you out the door, because it will take everything you have to steer the...
- The positive emotions that arise in...unpromising circumstances demonstrate that social ties and meaningful work are deeply desired, readily improvised, and intensely rewarding. The very structure of our economy and society prevent these goals from being achieved.

domain: literature


With great reluctance, the Archdiocese of Philadelphia announces that it has accepted the resignation of Mary E. Rochford, Superintendent of Schools. Her decision was made in order to devote time to providing physical care for members of her family unable to do so on their own. Rochford said, “It has been my privilege to serve in the ministry of Catholic education for almost 40 years. A long time ago, when I was very young, a wise woman religious told me, ‘Remember, you are only a useless servant.’ I have kept that in mind and worked as diligently as I could for the sake of the children and now I leave for the sake of my family.” The resignation will be effective June 30, 2012.
Mary Rochford has served in the Office of Catholic Education since 1999 and as Superintendent of Schools since 2008. Auxiliary Bishop Michael J. Fitzgerald, who oversees Catholic Education in the Archdiocese said, “Mary is a model leader who always works with joyous, and faith-filled dedication on behalf of the students, faculty, and staff of every school in the Archdiocese of Philadelphia. She labors tirelessly to advance the mission of Catholic education and to provide the best possible learning environment for our students, who are the future leaders of our communities. It was with deep sadness that I learned of her decision to resign.” Bishop Fitzgerald continued, “Mary has done God’s work with excellence and has positively impacted the lives of countless young people. We wish her nothing but the best in her future endeavors.”
A product of Catholic education in the Archdiocese of Philadelphia, Rochford graduated from the former St. Athanasius Parish Elementary School and the former-Cardinal Dougherty High School. She then went on to earn a bachelor’s degree in elementary education from Chestnut Hill College and a master of arts degree in Catholic School Leadership and Administration from Boston College. Prior to joining the Office of Catholic Education in August 1999, she served as a Catholic school teacher and administrator for over 25 years.
She continued, “I look forward to supporting those who will replace me during this time of transition and am most grateful to Bishop Fitzgerald, the staff in the Office of Catholic Education, the school administrations, faculties and staffs for their support over the years. It certainly takes a village to support the best educational organization in our country, Catholic schools!”
The Office of Catholic Education will begin a search for a new Superintendent of Schools.
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The dangers of neonicotinoids to bees and wildlife: behaviour of neonicotinoids in the environment
Why are neonicotinoids a concern for those of us who love bees, pollinators, and are concerned about wildlife? What are the particular properties of neonicotinoids that provide cause alarm?
Neonicoitnoids can be applied directly to seed (i.e., seeds such as maize, wheat, and beet are pre-treated), they may be applied as a root drench, or even sprayed on leaves (for example, on apple trees, pears and greenhouse crops). Some people claim that because they can be applied as root drenches or seed treatments, they must be safer for bees than older spray pesticides due to reduced exposure of bees to poison.
Unfortunately, this demonstrates a lack of awareness about how neonicotinoids work, and the particular mode of action that makes neonicotinoids so effective against ‘pest species’ in the first place. It also fails to consider particular properties of neonicotinoids, and the way this group of insecticides behave in the environment.
Having already discussed on this site the many ways in which neonicotinoids affect bees specifically, this page considers the general ‘behaviour’ of this group of insecticides.
Please see the references below that were used in the gathering of this information.
Neonicotinoids are systemic insecticides, meaning they permeate the whole plant. They are designed in such a way to ensure that ‘pest’ species are killed after biting or sucking on the plant.
However, they contaminate nectar and pollen, and thus beneficial pollinating insects such as bees, become exposed to the poison.
Even when usage has ceased, they remain is soil, meaning that residues are picked up by subsequent plantings. Research has demonstrated that even after 2 years (the length of the study), the residues are sufficient to present lethal or sub-lethal doses to bees.
The half life of these chemicals (the time it takes for the chemical to break down to half the concentration at which it was originally applied) vary, dependent on the particular neonicotinoid and the type of soil. However, in the most commonly used seed treatments, they range from:
BayerCropScience admit that once a building is treated with their Premise 200SC product for for termites (active ingredient, imidacloprid) the building remains protect for up to 5 years. Termites are colony insects like bees.
All of this means that the potential for build up in soil through repeat applications, not to mention the toxic soup effect of applications of neonicotinoids and other poisons in the form of herbicides, fungicides and other pesticides, is a major cause for concern.
They are ‘mobile’ in soil. This means the poison migrates into beyond the area in which it was applied, effectively spreading the poison beyond the zone intended for treatment. Bayer refer to this as ‘Lateral Soil Movement’ in their termite brochure for Premise 200SC.
When applied as a seed dressing, a proportion of the toxic insecticide is lost as dust during dressing. This dust can cause immediate poisoning to bees, as well as contaminating field margins.
This raises concerns about residues, and the eventual environmental fate of these toxins.
Neonicotinoids are mobile in water.
Contamination has been found not only in ground water and surface water,
but also streams, ditches, meaning they pose a risk to aquatic species and
again, can contaminate plants in areas not intended for treatment.

domain: chemistry


text:
20 Jan 17
Rising demand and court costs blamed for 12.5% hike
Less stringent accounts checks for those approved
Committee to report on feasibility of guaranteed minimum payment
Law firm and COPFS in Scots top five for inclusivity
Society forced to revoke approval following error over criteria
Ruthven Gemmell on presiding over the CCBE
Scot in the European hot seat
Dealing effectively with underperforming partners
When partners fall short
The “gig economy”: who actually is a worker?
Uber: a great gig?
Keep up to date with the latest news from the Law Society of Scotland. See our latest press releases and our current issues page.
23 Jan 17
Presented by the Equality & Human Rights Commission
28 Jan 17
Faculty of Advocates fundraising events against people trafficking
Undaunted at the prospect of leading Europe’s lawyers as Brexit starts to take shape, Ruthven Gemmell, President of the CCBE for 2017, tells of the wider challenges he and the organisation face
Processes for dealing with underperforming partners are often the weak spot in a legal firm’s management. This feature discusses the possible risks, and proposes some key steps to minimise these
The Uber case has shown up the difficulties employment law has with many working arrangements in today’s “gig economy”. What are the implications for advisers and for the law?
The impact of Brexit on the internal market for legal services, and why the UK Law Societies are seeking to retain an open market
The likely final gender pay gap regulations will cover larger private and voluntary sector organisations from 5 April 2017. We explain what these employers, and their advisers, will have to implement
The simple procedure is designed to encourage recourse to mediation, but only some courts directly operate such a service. A mediation coordinator explains the possibilities, and possible developments


- Location: Counce, Tennessee
- Owner: Tennessee Valley Authority
- Engineer(s): GEI Consultants, Inc.
- Contract Type: Fixed Unit Price (competitive bid)
- Status: Completed
After a 2014 analysis of the Pickwick Landing Dam showed that the dam’s south embankment could face potential damage in a larger seismic event, the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) started making plans to stabilize the south embankment to meet dam safety criteria. Built during the 1930s, the Pickwick Landing Dam was constructed to produce hydroelectricity, provide flood control, and improve the navigability of the Tennessee River. As part of this project, Barnard performed work on the upstream and downstream portions of the dam, including construction of large buttresses, extended fills, and a new toe drain system.
The downstream portion of the project included dewatering; excavation; performing instrumentation modifications; constructing manholes, catch basins, and a new toe drain; placing a filter system and fill; and placing riprap for slope stabilization. Prior to performing excavation on the downstream side of the dam, Barnard dewatered the soils while complying with TVA’s requirements for drilling in embankments. To complete this, Barnard drilled and installed deep wells using sonic drilling methods. Work on the upstream portion of the dam consisted of constructing a large rock berm and extended fill in the wet from barges in water depths up to 30 feet. Overall, this project required more than 1.9 million tons of import fill, sand, aggregate, and large rockfill materials.


text:
Locals lock Jodum CHC demanding filling up of vacant doctor posts
Cuttack: Palpable tension prevailed at Jodum Community Health Centre (CHC) under Narasinghpur block in Cuttack district on Tuesday when hundreds of locals staged demonstration and locked up the CHC demanding filling up of vacant doctors posts at the hospital.
There have been four sanctioned posts of doctors at the hospital, but they are lying vacant. Therefore, nurses and pharmacists are treating patients at the CHC, locals alleged.
Despite repeated appeals to the local administration and MLA to resolve the issue, nothing concrete has been done yet.
“Not a single doctor is ready to work in this hospital. Moreover, neither the administration nor any people’s representative is paying any heed to our problems. We have been suffering a lot,” rued a local Subash Chandra Pradhan.
“We are deprived of getting proper treatment and there is an immediate need for doctors at the CHC” said a resident Ashish Ranjan Sahu.
Meanwhile, the agitating locals threatened to continue their protest until their demands are met. Besides, they have decided to stay away from voting in the forthcoming election if their issues are not addressed at the earliest.
“Not a single doctor is interested to serve in this CHC and the CDMO is yet to take any steps,” said staff nurse of Jodum CHC Sujata Dalei.


text:
Polyram 80 DF
Polyram 80 OF fungicide is effective for controlling apple scab, apple rusts, and early blight and late blight in potatoes. It is recommended that Polyram 80 OF be
used in an integrated Pest Management Program.
All listed crops are tolerant to Polyram 80 OF at all stages of growth.
Polyram 80 OF is a contact fungicide, therefore, thorough coverage of plant parts to be protected is essential for effective disease control.
Cleaning Spray Equipment
Clean application equipment thoroughly using a strong detergent or commercial sprayer cleaner according to, the manufacturer's directions before and after applying this product.
Polyram 80 OF fungicide may only be used at the rates listed in section VI. Crop-Specific Information.
Ground Application (Broadcast)
Water Volume: Use a minimum of 20 gallons PE?r acre for apples. Use a minimum of 15 gallons per acre for potatoes.
Water Volume: Use a minimum of 10 gallons per acre for apples. Use a minimum of 5 gallons per acre for potatoes.
SPRAY DRIFT MANAGEMENT
A variety of factors including weather conditions (e.g., wind direction, wind speed, temperature, relative humidity) and method of application (e.g., ground, aerial, airblast, chemigation) can influence pesticide drift. The applicator must evaluate all factors and make appropriate adjustments when applying this product.
DO NOT apply at wind speeds greater than 15 mph.
If applying at wind speeds less than 3 mph, the applicator must determine if, a) conditions of temperature inversion exist, or b) stable atmospheric conditions exist at or below nozzle height. DO NOT make applications into areas of temperature inversions or stable atmospheric conditions. Other State and Local Requirements Applicators must follows all state and local pesticide drift requirements regarding application of metiram. Where states have more stringent regulations, they must be observed.
All aerial and ground application equipment must be properly maintained and calibrated using appropriate carriers or surrogates.
Additional requirements for aerial applications:
1. The boom length must not exceed 75% of the wingspan or 90% of the rotor blade diameter.
2. Release spray at the lowest height consistent with efficacy and flight safety. DO NOT release spray at a height greater than 10 feet above the crop canopy
unless a greater height is required for aircraft safety.
3. When applications are made with a crosswind, the swath must be displaced downwind. The applicator must compensate for this displacement at the up and
downwind edge of the application area by adjusting the path of the aircraft upwind.
Additional requirements for ground boom application:
1. DO NOT apply with a nozzle height greater than 4 feet above the crop canopy.
• Where EBOC products used allow the same maximum poundage of active ingredient per acre per season: If more than one product containing an EBDC active ingredient (maneb, mancozeb, or metiram) is used on a crop during the same growing season and the EBDC products used allow the same maximum poundage of active ingredient per acre per season, then the total poundage of all such EBDC products used must not exceed any of the specified individual product maximum seasonal poundage of EBDC active ingredient allowed per acre.
• Where EBOC products used allow the different maximum poundage of active ingredient per acre per season: If more than one product containing an EBDC active ingredient is used on a crop during the same growing season and the EBDC products used allow different maximum poundage of active ingredient per acre per season, then the total poundage of all such EBDC products used must not exceed the lowest specified individual EBDC product maximum seasonal poundage of active ingredient allowed per acre.
In addition to the maximum number of foliar applications permitted by the formula stated above, a single seed treatment application may be made on potatoes.
|Registered for cultures|

domain: agronomy


text:
Coat of arms of Amsterdam charm
Carried by two lions, this coat of arms represents Amsterdam and all it’s glory.
Because a name necklace is not for everyone, we offer these charms to Noodle up your outfit.
Our necklaces are made of sterling silver with of without a 18K gold plating. We also offer the necklaces in 14K solid gold. They are 16 inch (42 cm).

domain: design


text:
Culinary Students from The Art Institutes System of Schools Compete in Italy to Win Urbani Tartufi Truffle Contest
May 19, 2016
Fourteen students invited to prestigious 2-week training in Italy, Scholarships awarded
[Pittsburgh, PA, March 28, 2016] Fourteen culinary artists from The Art Institutes are on their way to Italy to compete in a truffle-themed Culinary Contest in Memory of Paolo Urbani. The contest challenges culinary students from across North America, in teams of two, to create new and original ideas for dishes that feature truffles as their main ingredient. The truffles are provided exclusively and directly by Urbani Tartufi.
The contest reflects the continuing commitment by Urbani Tartufi truffles to bring awareness to the culture of truffle and its ancient history. Urbani Tartufi is respected worldwide for representing the best in truffle sourcing and processing. Through this culinary competition, young chefs are provided the opportunity to develop and improve their professional skills while achieving sensory and emotional enrichment.
To reach the competition finals, 50 teams of students created two dishes—a “chef’s choice” (savory or sweet) and a main course. Recipes and photos of the finished dishes were submitted for consideration and judged based on principles of originality, creativity, and innovation. Each submission was scored on a 100-point scale. Of the 50 teams admitted to the contest, seven teams were chosen as finalists.
The seven finalist teams were awarded scholarships by the Paolo Urbani Foundation to participate in a two-week, full immersion culinary course on Italian Cuisine at UDS (Università dei Sapori), in Perugia, Italy from March 30 – April 8. There, they’ll recreate their truffle-inspired recipes, which will be judged by a jury of chefs and professionals from the world of gastronomy. Three winning teams will be awarded first, second, and third prize. Additionally, Urbani Tartufi reserves the right to market the first place creation as one of its own, new products.
“Traveling to Italy and cooking with Urbani Tartufi truffle—one of the world’s most sought-after culinary delicacies—is an exciting opportunity for our culinary students to build their experience in preparing international cuisine,” said Tim Moscato, Chief Operating Officer, The Art Institutes.
According to the Paolo Urbani Foundation, the competition is a statement of confidence and investment in the professional future of the students and a means to help them deepen their knowledge of a precious product as well as to continue to pass on the history of Paolo Urbani, his land, and his legacy.
In addition to the scholarship, winners also earn a trip to the “Truffle Experience at Urbani Tartufi,” which consists of an exclusive journey in the world of truffles. The experience begins in Umbria and culminates at the Accademia del Tartufo, the first school on truffles, where professional chefs will hand down their knowledge in the art of cooking truffles.
The students from The At Institutes are all currently working toward culinary degrees. They include:
The Art Institute of California—Hollywood, a campus of Argosy University
Mark Serpas, Associate of Science, Baking & Pastry
Maria Alcantar, Bachelor of Science, Culinary Management
The Art Institute of California—Orange County, a campus of Argosy University
Christopher Heinlein, Bachelor of Science, Hospitality Food & Beverage Management
Timothy San Pedro, Associate of Science, Culinary Arts
The Art Institute of Pittsburgh
Rachel Walton, Associate of Science, Baking & Pastry
Samantha Santti, Associate of Science, Baking & Pastry
The Art Institute of Tampa, a branch of Miami International University of Art & Design
Devin Davis, Bachelor of Arts, Culinary Management
Kirsten Mathers, Associate of Arts, Culinary Arts
The Art Institute of Tennessee—Nashville, a branch of The Art Institute of Atlanta
Chris Greer, Associate of Arts, Culinary Arts
Rebekah Leatherwood, Bachelor of Science, Culinary Arts Management
The Art Institute of Vancouver
Pavlik Ricalde, Culinary Arts Diploma
Bailey Allan, Culinary Arts & Restaurant Ownership Advanced Diploma
The Art Institute of Virginia Beach, a branch of The Art Institute of Atlanta
Andrea Stevens, Bachelor of Science, Culinary Arts Management
JoVonia Newby, Bachelor of Science, Culinary Arts Management
See aiprograms.info for program duration, tuition, fees and other costs, median debt, salary data, alumni success, and other important info.
Learn more about our programs.Get Brochure

domain: artistic


text:
i just googled “hot guy motorcycle” and this was a result
A World Globe Made Out of Thousands of Individually Painted Matchsticks
part of me appreciates the art and part of me wants to set it on fire
you’re the kind of man that just wants to watch the world burn
Disney characters with their perfect Pokemon, by kuitsuku
childbirth explained by JD
i played this and i laughed so hard i hurt myself
THAT LAST ONE!?
'COme to me'
Did he just
Martin Freeman managed to get a middle finger in the movie after all.
Spending my night ruining the free world
science side of tumblr? explain?
levitate egg sackiatoo
yeah okay thanks hp fandom
the burning candle uses up all the oxygen in the bottle, which creates and a vacuum, and the resulting suction makes the egg go nyooom.
Thank you science side
just imagine it rising slowly out of the stump like


text:
Somalia: Puntland leaders perform Eid Al Adha prayers alongside worshippers
GAROWE, Puntland – The President of Somalia’s northeastern Puntland state, Said Abdullahi Deni performed Eid Al Adha prayer, alongside top government officials and worshippers in Garowe city on Sunday, Garowe Online reports.
Hundreds of people from across the city gathered at Mire Aware football stadium on Sunday morning for the Eid Al Adha prayer with the heads of Puntland Government under tight security in the area and other parts in the Federal State.
Deni was accompanied by Vice President Ahmed Karash, several cabinet ministers, former state president, and current Somali Senator Abdirahman Farole as well as tribesmen and members of the community in the Eid prayer.
After the prayer, the President congratulated Muslims across the world, Somali citizens and Puntland people on the event of Eid Al Adha and prayed to Almighty Allah to give the country lasting peace and stability.
For his part, Puntland Vice President Ahmed sent his heartfelt congratulations to Somalis in general on the happy occasion Eid Al-Adha, which marks the end of the annual Islamic Hajj pilgrimage to Mecca in KSA.
During his address, Karash urged the people of Puntland to unite against the enemy and preserve peace in the country and support the government’s efforts to maintain security and war on the extremist groups.
The holiday is celebrated in all regions in Puntland with prayers, small gifts for children and distribution of meat to the poor families among the population who are in dire need of assistance in the spirit of Eid festival.
Eid al-Adha is one of Muslims’ two main religious festivals that bring happiness to Muslims around the globe.

domain: news


text:
|Year : 2017 | Volume
| Issue : 3 | Page : 254-259
Effect of three commercially available chewing gums on salivary flow rate and pH in caries-active and caries-free children: An in vivo study
Usha Kiran Vantipalli, Sai Sankar Jogendra Avula, Sridevi Enuganti, Sujatha Bandi, Pranitha Kakarla, Raja Vardhan Kuravadi
Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Sibar Institute of Dental Sciences, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India
|Date of Web Publication||31-Jul-2017|
Sai Sankar Jogendra Avula
Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Sibar Institute of Dental Sciences, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh
Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None
| Abstract|| |
Background and Aim: Adequate salivary flow is an important requisite in the maintenance of oral health. Salivary flow increases in response to both gustatory (taste) and mechanical (chewing) stimuli. Hence, the aim of the present study was to know the efficacy of commercially available chewing gums (sugar free and sugared) on salivary flow rate (SFR) and pH in caries-active and caries-free children. Materials and Methods: One hundred school children aged between 10 and 12 years were divided into two groups on the basis of their caries status into caries free and caries active. Unstimulated saliva was collected before start of the study. Both groups were subjected to three commercially available chewing gums (2 sugar free, 1 sugared) on consecutive days, and saliva was collected at intervals of 2 min (T2), 10 min (T10), and 30 min (T30). The pH and flow rate of saliva samples were measured before and specified time intervals after gum chewing. Results: In both the groups, gum chewing increased the SFR, significantly at T2, and gradually declined at T30 which was significantly higher than baseline values. The pH raised significantly at T2 and gradually declined at T30 which was significantly higher than baseline values with sugar-free gums, but with sugared gums, the pH raised slightly at T2 and dropped significantly at T30. However, no statistically significant differences in pH and flow rate were noticed in both the groups. Conclusion: Chewing of sugar-free gums in both caries-active and caries-free children may aid in reducing the incidence of dental caries.
Keywords: Chewing gum, pH, saliva, salivary flow rate
|How to cite this article:|
Vantipalli UK, Avula SS, Enuganti S, Bandi S, Kakarla P, Kuravadi RV. Effect of three commercially available chewing gums on salivary flow rate and pH in caries-active and caries-free children: An in vivo study. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 2017;35:254-9
|How to cite this URL:|
Vantipalli UK, Avula SS, Enuganti S, Bandi S, Kakarla P, Kuravadi RV. Effect of three commercially available chewing gums on salivary flow rate and pH in caries-active and caries-free children: An in vivo study. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent [serial online] 2017 [cited 2023 Feb 3];35:254-9. Available from: http://www.jisppd.com/text.asp?2017/35/3/254/211849
| Introduction|| |
Dental caries is a complex and dynamic process where a multitude of factors influence and initiate the progression of disease. One prime factor which has immense capacity to modulate the initiation and progression of dental caries is saliva. Alterations in the physicochemical properties of saliva such as altered composition decreased salivary flow rate (SFR), pH, and buffering capacity favors the caries process. This is clearly evident in xerostomic patients. The prime sign associated with xerostomia is drastic increase in incidence of dental decay; other symptoms include cheilosis, glossopyrosis, glossodynia, thirst, dysphagia, dysphonia and masticatory inadequacy; hence, it is important to have an adequate salivary flow.
On the other hand, flushing and neutralizing effects of saliva help in haltering the caries process as well as maintain good oral health. This effect is commonly referred as “salivary clearance” or “oral clearance capacity.” The average unstimulated salivary flow range between 0.26 and 0.39 ml/min in general population.
In addition to regular flow, enhanced salivary flow has been observed with gustatory (taste), mechanical (chewing), olfactory, and visual stimulation. Among all the salivary stimulants, gum chewing gained popularity as it is economical, easy available, and its ability to stimulate flow by providing both gustatory and mechanical stimulation, thus leading to hastened clearance of fermentable carbohydrates. Studies have shown that salivary stimulation caused by gum chewing is psychologically more acceptable for the patient and also claimed to have cariostatic (sugar-free gums) effects.
Thus, the aim of the present study was to test the above-mentioned hypothesis by measuring SFR and pH before and after chewing sugared and sugar-free chewing gum in caries-free and caries-active children.
| Materials and Methods|| |
A total of 4000 children without gender differentiation aged between 10 and 12 years, attending various schools in Guntur district, Andhra Pradesh, were screened during January 2013–September 2014. Out of which, 510 children (246 caries-free, 264 caries-active) who were permanent residents of Guntur town and consuming water supplied only from the centralized water system and free from any local or systemic diseases were included in this study. However, physically or mentally compromised children and children undergoing orthodontic treatment were excluded from this study. Caries status was assessed according to the WHO criteria (1997) – caries-active children (decayed, missing, filled surface [DMFS] ≥5) and caries-free children (DMFS = 0).
On explaining the study protocol, 407 patients (200 caries-free, 207 caries-active) had given their willingness to participate in the study. However, for ease in statistical analysis, only 200 caries-free and 200 caries-active patients were considered and designated as Groups A and B, respectively. Before starting up the study, Institutional Ethical Committee clearance was acquired and an informed written consent was obtained from all parents/guardians. Further, these children were referred to the Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, where the study process was carried out. In the first visit, all study samples were subjected to oral prophylaxis and were instructed to refrain from eating, drinking, or other oral hygiene procedures like brushing with fluoridated toothpaste, at least 1 h before salivary sample collection. In the subsequent visits, each child in both the groups were subjected to three commercially available chewing gums of same flavor (spearmint) weighing 1.1 g/pellet, of which two are sugar-free and one sugared chewing gum for three consecutive days [Figure 1] (Group I – Orbit sugar-free chewing gum [Wrigley India Pvt. Ltd, India], Group II – Happydent complete sugar-free chewing gum [Perfetti Van Melle, Italy], and Group III – Spearmint sugared chewing gum [Wrigley India Pvt. Ltd, India]).
To avoid the possible confounding effects of circadian rhythms in the SFR, the study was performed in the morning hours, from 9 to 12 am, all through the study period.
The saliva sample collection was done based on guidelines given by the University of Southern California School of Dentistry. Spitting method was used for collection of saliva samples. Participants were instructed to swallow the residual saliva present in the mouth to begin a collection trial; further, they were asked to expectorate the saliva in a sterile graduated test tube [Figure 2]a.
|Figure 2: (a) Salivary sample collection. (b) Recording salivary flow rate. (c) Recording salivary pH|
Click here to view
On day one, unstimulated saliva was collected for 5 min for all the participants in Groups A and B before chewing any gum. Further, these participants were provided with single pellet of Group I chewing gum, and stimulated saliva was collected at three time intervals of 2–4 min (T2), 10 min (T10), and 30 min (T30), respectively. During these collection periods, the children were instructed not to swallow the saliva. The salivary pH and flow rate of all the samples were measured before and after gum chewing. Same methodology was followed for other 2 consecutive days using Group II and III chewing gums.
The flow rate of the saliva was calculated by measuring the volume of saliva collected in the graduated sterile test tube and converted to flow rate per minute [Figure 2]b. The pH of the saliva samples was measured immediately after collection to minimize any time-based pH changes [Figure 2]c using a calibrated digital pH meter (DPH – 500, Global Electronics Pvt. Ltd, Hyderabad, India) with accuracy of ±0.01.
For statistical data analysis, the stimulated flow rate and pH data were compared with the corresponding data for unstimulated saliva by one-way analysis of variance test. Intergroup comparison of stimulated salivary pH and flow rate within different time periods was done by unpaired Student's t-test.
| Results|| |
The total study samples were divided into caries-free (Group A) and caries-active (Group B) groups. Each individual in both the groups were subjected to all the three selected chewing gums (Group I - Orbit [sugar free], Group II - Happydent complete [sugar free], and Group III - Spearmint [sugared] chewing gum). T0 represents unstimulated saliva, T2 represents time interval of 2 min, T10 represents 10 min, and T30 represents 30 min time interval after initiation of gum chewing, where stimulated saliva was collected for the calibration of pH and SFR.
In Groups A and B, chewing of sugar-free gum (Groups I and II) had led to significant rise in the salivary pH from T0 to T2 and gradually tapered to T30. However, the pH at T30 was significantly higher than at T0. Conversely, chewing sugared gum (Group III) had led to slight rise in pH from T0 to T2 followed by significant drop at T30, and this drop in pH was far below the pH value at T0[Table l].
|Table 1: Mean intragroup comparison of salivary pH in caries-free and caries-active children at different time intervals|
Click here to view
When SFR was considered both Groups A and B, individuals demonstrated statistically significant rise in the SFR from T0 to T2 followed by gradual tapering to T30 but this SFR at T30 was significantly higher than baseline values (T0) with all the Groups I, II, and III [Table 2].
|Table 2: Mean intragroup comparison of salivary flow rate in caries-free and caries-active children at different time intervals|
Click here to view
Intragroup comparison elicited no statistical significant difference in pH within different time intervals tested between Groups I and II. However, significant difference was observed between Groups I and III and II and III in both the Groups A and B [Table 3].
[Table 4] represents the intragroup comparison of SFR in both caries-active and caries-free children, where there was no statistically significant difference in SFR at specified time intervals with any of the chewing gum types.
|Table 4: Inter subgroup comparison of salivary flow rate in caries-active group|
Click here to view
Intergroup comparison between Groups A and B with respect to the both tested parameters (pH and SFR), there was no statistically significant difference in the values at measured time intervals [Table 5].
| Discussion|| |
Chewing gums are made of natural or synthetic materials. The basic composition of chewing gum consists of gum base; to these small amounts of preservatives, sweetening, flavoring, and aromatic agents will be added. Basically, two types of sweeteners present in the chewing gums; carbohydrates (usually sucrose) and noncarbohydrate sweeteners. Polyols are low-caloric noncarbohydrate sweeteners predominantly used in chewing gum. Frequently used polyols are sorbitol which is hexatol, and xylitol is a pentatol. Mäkinen et al. hypothesized that pentatols are more effective than hexatols in preventing caries. Hence, chewing gums containing xylitol and sorbitol as major component were selected for the study along with a sugared chewing gum to test the variation in selected salivary parameters.
In both Groups A and B children, with all the three selected chewing gums (Groups I, II, and III), a significant increase in stimulated SFR was observed at T2, followed by significant decline at T10 and T30. However, this stimulated SFR remained significantly higher when compared to flow rate at T0. Similar results were reported by Polland et al. and Dawes and Kubieniec. The initial increase in flow rate is probably due to gustatory stimulus induced by the chewing gums; further, continuous chewing of gums led to loss of flavor, softening, and reduction in the gum size that minimizes the stimulation of periodontal mechanoreceptors, which may in turn contribute to the decrease in flow rate from T2 to T30 but the act of chewing was responsible for elevated SFR at T30 compared to T0.,,, Whatever may be the type of chewing gum (Groups I, II, and III) used, there was no statistically significant difference in regard to the rise in SFR, and this finding is in consistent with the findings of Dawes and Dong, Aguirre-Zero et al., and Bots et al. Dong et al. states that the flow rate was independent of chewing frequency within a range of 35–130 chewing maneuvers per minute. However, studies by Aguirre-Zero et al., Machiulskiene et al., and Ribelles Llop et al. have stated that the act of chewing is essential to increase SFR, which is independent of the type of sweetener present in the chewing gum.
When salivary pH was considered, the Group I and II chewing gums caused significant rise in salivary pH at T2, followed by progressive decline at T10 and T30. However, this remained significantly above the unstimulated salivary pH (T0) in both the Groups A and B. This findings of the study coincided with results obtained by Dawes and Kubieniec, Polland et al., and Markovic et al. The increase in salivary pH on stimulation was due to increase in bicarbonate concentration, which will be proportional to the flow rate. In contrast with Group III chewing gum, it was observed that slight increase in pH from T0 to T2 followed by significant drop at T30 which was well below the baseline value (T0). The study conducted by Imfeld  showed low plaque pH values during and after the chewing of sucrose-containing chewing gum in spite of the masticatory stimulation of saliva. Dawson and Dong reported that when sucrose-containing and sugar-free gums were chewed, the flow rate was approximately equal, but the saliva elicited by sucrose-containing gum contained less bicarbonate and suggested that it could be due to the reaction of bicarbonate with acid produced by bacterial metabolism of sugar, resulting in drop of salivary pH. However, observations by Karami-Nogourani et al. showed that the presence of citric and maleic acids in fruit-flavored gums (strawberry and apple) could be responsible for less pH when compared to nonfruit-flavored chewing gums (spearmint and cinnamon).
Intergroup comparison of Group I and II showed no statistically significant difference in salivary pH at above-mentioned time intervals. These findings are homogeneous with the study conducted by Bots et al. However, the comparison of Group III with Groups I and II showed a statistically significant difference in the salivary pH because chewing of sugared gum lead to decline in salivary pH. Similar results were elicited by Kumar et al. who showed that sugar-free chewing gums are more beneficial in preventing dental caries than sugared chewing gum by increasing salivary and plaque pH. In contrast, Manning and Edgar found no statistically significant differences in pH recovery after eating meals or snacks followed by a chewing gum sweetened with sugar or other sweeteners for 20 min. However, a study by Park et al. found that chewing sugar-free chewing gum for 20 min was more effective in producing recovery of pH levels than sugared chewing gum. In contrary, the present study showed marked increase in salivary pH after chewing sugar-free gum which indicates that they not only help to elevate the lowered pH of saliva after any meal but also maintain the normal pH of saliva at any given period.
Within the constraints of this study, it was depicted that with the use of sugar-free (xylitol/sorbitol) chewing gums, there was a linear increase in SFR and pH in both caries-free and caries-active children which may lead to reduction in caries activity in contrast to the use of sugared chewing gums.
Till now, in the literature, the information available was sparse regarding the variation in SFR and pH in caries-free and caries-active children. In the present study from the obtained values, it was evident that the pattern of salivary changes in terms of SFR and pH after gum chewing was similar in both the groups. However, though this was not statistically significant, the basic SFR and pH were comparatively less in caries-active children, thus giving an insight into inherent propensity of the host to get affected by caries irrespective of caries activity. Further, clinical trials with well-defined microbial counts in caries-free and caries-active children with specific salivary parameters have to be designed to know the effect of inherent salivary properties and use of these sought of salivary stimulants influencing incidence and progression of dental caries.
| Conclusion|| |
- There is no significant difference in basic salivary pH and flow rate between caries-active and caries-free children
- Irrespective of caries experience chewing sugar-free gum had led to increase in salivary pH and SFR but chewing sugared gum caused a drastic decrease in salivary pH
- From this study, this is evident that though the caries experience is dependent on both the above-mentioned salivary factors, most frequently involved factor is salivary pH. Hence, chewing sugar-free gum can be recommended both in caries-free and caries-active children to keep the pH balanced as it provides protection against dental caries.
Declaration of patient consent
The authors certify that they have obtained all appropriate patient consent forms. In the form the patient(s) has/have given his/her/their consent for his/her/their images and other clinical information to be reported in the journal. The patients understand that their names and initials will not be published and due efforts will be made to conceal their identity, but anonymity cannot be guaranteed.
Financial support and sponsorship
Conflicts of interest
There are no conflicts of interest.
| References|| |
Lenander-Lumikari M, Loimaranta V. Saliva and dental caries. Adv Dent Res 2000;14:40-7.
Markovic N, Abelson DC, Mandel ID. Sorbitol gum in xerostomics: The effects on dental plaque pH and salivary flow rates. Gerodontology 1988;7:71-5.
Karami-Nogourani M, Kowsari-Isfahan R, Hosseini-Beheshti M. The effect of chewing gum's flavor on salivary flow rate and pH. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2011;8 Suppl 1:S71-5.
World Health Organization. Oral Health Surveys: Basic Methods. 4th
ed. Geneva: World Health Organization; 1997.
Navazesh M, Kumar SK; University of Southern California School of Dentistry. Measuring salivary flow: Challenges and opportunities. J Am Dent Assoc 2008;139:35S-40S.
Mäkinen KK, Bennett CA, Hujoel PP, Isokangas PJ, Isotupa KP, Pape HR Jr., et al.
Xylitol chewing gums and caries rates: A 40-month cohort study. J Dent Res 1995;74:1904-13.
Polland KE, Higgins F, Orchardson R. Salivary flow rate and pH during prolonged gum chewing in humans. J Oral Rehabil 2003;30:861-5.
Dawes C, Kubieniec K. The effects of prolonged gum chewing on salivary flow rate and composition. Arch Oral Biol 2004;49:665-9.
Bots CP, Brand HS, Veerman EC, van Amerongen BM, Nieuw Amerongen AV. Preferences and saliva stimulation of eight different chewing gums. Int Dent J 2004;54:143-8.
Rosenhek M, Macpherson LM, Dawes C. The effects of chewing-gum stick size and duration of chewing on salivary flow rate and sucrose and bicarbonate concentrations. Arch Oral Biol 1993;38:885-91.
Dawes C, Dong C. The flow rate and electrolyte composition of whole saliva elicited by the use of sucrose-containing and sugar-free chewing-gums. Arch Oral Biol 1995;40:699-705.
Aguirre-Zero O, Zero DT, Proskin HM. Effect of chewing xylitol chewing gum on salivary flow rate and the acidogenic potential of dental plaque. Caries Res 1993;27:55-9.
Dong C, Puckett AD Jr., Dawes C. The effects of chewing frequency and duration of gum chewing on salivary flow rate and sucrose concentration. Arch Oral Biol 1995;40:585-8.
Machiulskiene V, Nyvad B, Baelum V. Caries preventive effect of sugar-substituted chewing gum. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2001;29:278-88.
Ribelles Llop M, Guinot Jimeno F, Mayné Acién R, Bellet Dalmau LJ. Effects of xylitol chewing gum on salivary flow rate, pH, buffering capacity and presence of Streptococcus mutans
in saliva. Eur J Paediatr Dent 2010;11:9-14.
Imfeld T. Chewing gum – Facts and fiction: A review of gum-chewing and oral health. Crit Rev Oral Biol Med 1999;10:405-19.
Kumar S, Sogi SH, Indushekar KR. Comparative evaluation of the effects of xylitol and sugar-free chewing gums on salivary and dental plaque pH in children. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 2013;31:240-4.
] [Full text]
Manning RH, Edgar WM. pH changes in plaque after eating snacks and meals, and their modification by chewing sugared- or sugar-free gum. Br Dent J 1993;174:241-4.
Park K, Schemehorn BR, Bolton JW, Stookey GK. Effect of sucrose and sorbitol gums on plaque pH responses. J Dent Res 1991;70:404.
[Figure 1], [Figure 2]
[Table 1], [Table 2], [Table 3], [Table 4], [Table 5]
|This article has been cited by|
||Efficacy of chitosan-based chewing gum on reducing salivary S. mutans counts and salivary pH: a randomised clinical trial
| ||Zahra Khamverdi, Fatemeh Farhadian, Salman Khazaei, Maryam Adabi |
| ||Acta Odontologica Scandinavica. 2021; 79(4): 268 |
|[Pubmed] | [DOI]|
||Effects of Xylitol and CPP-ACP Chewing Gum on Salivary Properties of Children with Molar Incisor Hypomineralization
| ||Govindasamy Ezhumalai, Sanguida Adimoulame, Gajula Shivashankarappa Prathima, Mudiarasu Narmatha, Arumugam Selvabalaji |
| ||International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry. 2021; 14(3): 412 |
|[Pubmed] | [DOI]|


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Roy Wilhelm Edward Hupe Scrapbook
Collection — Box: 1
Roy Wilhelm Edward Hupe's Scrapbook contains dance cards, publications by the Lawrence College Delta Iota fraternity chapter, ephemera such as a spoon and wishbone, Lawrence College handbooks, menus, newspaper clippings, programs from events at Lawrence College and from Ft. Sheridan, photographs from his time spent at Lawrence University, in the Army, and in Idaho, and ticket stubs. Hupe attended Lawrence College from 1914-1917.
- Other: Date acquired: 12/10/2011
- Hupe, Roy Wilhelm Edward (Person)
Conditions Governing Access
Collection is open for research.
Conditions Governing Use
Lawrence University does not hold the copyright for all materials in this collection. Uses beyond those allowed for fair use under U. S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.C.) require the researcher to secure permission from the copyright holder.
Biographical or Historical Information
According to the biographical sketch written by the donor, Roy Hupe joined the Army Officer's Training Corps in 1917. He received an honorable discharge in 1919, and decided to head west. He ended up in Idaho, and with the help of his brothers and neighbors built a log cabin. He returned to Wisconsin, and married his Lawrence College sweetheart, Blanche Edna Knapp, who graduated in 1919, on June 5, 1920. They returned to Idaho and their son Russell was born on August 16, 1921. Roy Wilhelm Edward Hupe died on May 2, 1922 while blasting tree stumps to clear the land near the cabin.
Method of Acquisition
Donated by Russell Hupe, son of Blanche and Roy, in December, 2011.
Processed by Samantha A. Smith, 2012.
- Archon Finding Aid Title
- Description rules
- Language of description

domain: library


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Oh the joys of living in a studio. I was all set to make a soup this weekend and woke up bright and early on Saturday a leaking sink and a fried immersion blender. As previously mentioned, I live in a small space and therefore I store all pans and small kitchen appliances under my sink as I have exactly zero storage. Lesson learned, small appliances have been moved, and the super was called in for the repair. Alas, no soup this week. Hopefully that will be in the cards next week…
Still hungry, I looked around my apartment for what I did have around that wouldn’t require the immersion blender and found, among other things, a sweet potato, 1/2 of an avocado, and some pretty sad looking spinach left over from lunch salads. Savory Stuffed Sweet Potatoes to the rescue!
This would be a perfect weeknight meal. Its so simple, healthy, and takes little effort. Just let your oven do all the work for you. Preheat your oven to 400 degrees, prick a clean sweet potato all over with a fork, wrap in aluminum foil and roast until its fork tender. Stuff with any goodies that your heart desires. Simple and comforting.
While mine was roasting, I worked on a friend’s Halloween Costume. She’s going as an Orange and I’m going as a glass of Champagne. Together we are a Mimosa! A nod to the classic brunch drink – it should be a crowd pleaser. About 40 mins into the roasting, I eventually prepped my stuffing ingredients.
By the way – whats the best way you’ve learned to open a pomegranate? I’ve been working with a few different ways over the years, currently using Martha Stewart’s technique which can be viewed here: Martha’s Pomegranate Technique but if you know of a better way – I’d love to hear it in the comments section.
Once your potato is fork tender, remove from oven and foil (be careful – it’s hot!) and fill with whatever you have on hand. I’ve listed my ingredients in the recipe below. Enjoy! Love, M.
- - 1 small sweet potato per person
- - pomegranate seeds
- - pepitas (pumpkin seeds), toasted in a skillet
- - small handful of spinach and parsley, finely chopped
- - avocado
- - feta
- - good quality olive oil
- preheat your oven to 400 degrees
- prick a clean sweet potato all over with a fork and individually wrap each potato in aluminum foil
- roast wrapped potatoes on a cookie sheet until tender (mine took about 90 minutes)
- prep your stuffing ingredients, remember to slice everything small
- remove sweet potatoes once tender and let cool slightly
- slice sweet potatoes down the middle and drizzle with olive oil (use the good stuff)
- stuff to your hearts content with as many goodies as you can manage!
One more adorable moment that I just have to share. My tiny Wolf decided recently that he loves chewing on spinach and leaves. Here is an outtake of him “helping” me shoot this blog post.

domain: food


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Lemon Shark Google Search The Lemon Shark Is A Stocky – The Shark Coloring Pages For Kids is one of the best coloring pages for kids and is one of the most desired coloring pages by coloring enthusiasts. The coloring pages for kids are available in many various measurements and it is very important that oldsters choose the correct dimension for his or her child to ensure that the coloring procedure is not interrupted and the child does not get bored and stop coloring. There are numerous various coloring pages for kids that are available in the marketplace these days and these are available in a variety of various styles, some are based on different animals while some are primarily based on well-known movie figures.
One of the very best promoting coloring pages for kids is the “Shark Coloring Pages” which is based on a children’s cartoon character and is a well-liked coloring book among children. The coloring book is not only a good coloring book for children but also is a great book to use as a coloring project for adults. The coloring book is very easy to make use of and it has pictures that can effortlessly be recognized and makes coloring the cartoon Shark a breeze. The coloring book for kids is extremely colorful and the coloring is super easy and enjoyable to complete.
Source image: pinterest.com


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Among cut women aged 15-19, the nature of the procedure performed
Among cut women aged 15-19, the proportion of women who underwent each of three defined types of cutting:
- Genital area was nicked, but no flesh removed
- Any flesh was removed from the genital area
- The genital area was sewn closed
Three different measures are obtained to capture this information.
This indicator is calculated as:
(Cut women who report undergoing one of the procedures / All cut women aged 15-19 in the survey)
Type of cutting performed among women who have experienced FGC. It is important to use locally adapted wording to identify each of the three descriptions. Three different proportions will result, unless one or two types are not reported at all in a given area. The three proportions added together should cover all cut women, but some women may fall into two categories (those who had flesh removed and those whose genital area was sewn closed, since the latter procedure includes the former). Each numerator includes cut women who report that they have undergone a particular procedure and should be divided by the same denominator, which is the entire survey population of cut women.
Data should be disaggregated by age, region, ethnicity and religion.
A population-based survey (e.g., DHS’s female genital cutting (FGC) module)
The indicator measures the prevalence of each type of cutting, per the physical descriptions of cutting given, in the survey area. Researchers found that using a traditional classification system (e.g., the WHO classification system of Types I, II and III) led to low reliability of estimates among women. The descriptive classification listed ensures higher reliability in women’s reports.
The denominator of this indicator relies on self-reported FGC status, which may or may not be valid. The numerator also depends on women being able and willing to describe the procedure performed on them. Research has shown that the validity of the response varies by context. Several researchers have reported that FGC is under reported, but many of these studies refer to specific types of FGC rather than ever having undergone an FGC procedure or not. In some countries such as Ghana, where FGC has been legally banned, women may be likely to avoid reporting that they are cut due to fear of legal ramifications. In areas where there have been campaigns to reduce the practice, women may be reluctant to report having undergone FGC due to a perceived stigma associated with the practice. In regions where FGC is widely practiced, socially accepted, and few interventions are in place to prompt people to question its acceptability and legality, the self-reported responses tend to be valid. In other regions, self-reported responses should be interpreted with caution.
female genital cutting (FGC), violence, adolescent, safe motherhood (SM)
Bloom S. “Violence Against Women and Girls: A Compendium of Monitoring and Evaluation Indicators.” USAID, IGWG, and MEASURE Evaluation, 2008.
Adolescent and Youth Sexual and Reproductive Health


BEREA, Ohio — Angered by NFL Commissioner Roger Goodell’s handling of the New Orleans Saints’ bounties scandal, Scott Fujita accused the commissioner of misusing his power, questioned his record on player safety, and the Browns linebacker vowed to keep fighting to clear his name.
“The commissioner says he is disappointed in me,” Fujita said. “The truth is, I’m disappointed in him.”
One day after Goodell reduced his three-game suspension to one for alleged involvement in the Saints’ pay-for-hits program and ruled on the penalties for three other players, Fujita took on the commissioner in a strongly worded statement.
Fujita charged Goodell with “abuse of power” and expressed his displeasure with the way his suspension was lessened.
On Tuesday, Goodell sent Fujita a letter in which he chastised the 10-year veteran and member of the NFL Players Association’s executive committee for not doing more to stop his former teammates in New Orleans from taking part in the “bounty” program.
dies at 77
DETROIT — Alex Karras was one of the NFL’s most feared defensive tackles throughout the 1960s, a player who hounded quarterbacks and bulled past opposing linemen.
The rugged player, who anchored the Detroit Lions’ defense and then made a successful transition to an acting career, with a stint along the way as a commentator on “Monday Night Football,” died Wednesday. He was 77.
Karras had recently suffered kidney failure and been diagnosed with dementia. The Lions also said he had suffered from heart disease and, for the last two years, stomach cancer.
in singles final
The singles final is set for 10 a.m. today in the USTA Men’s 55 National Clay Courts Championships at The Landings.
Top seed Mark Vines defeated No. 9 Adam Brock 6-2, 6-0. Vines will face third seed Sal Castillo, who beat Maxime Buyckx 6-1, 2-6, 6-3. In the consolation finals, also at 10 a.m., No. 4 Ross Persons plays No. 5 Jeff Davis. The doubles semifinals are at 2 p.m.


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The world-famous epistolary novel by the modern French classics Eric-Emmanuel Schmitt (Oscar and the Pink Dame) about a sick child who writes letters to God for the salvation of the soul, at one time broke the hearts of the West.
Dozens of performances in Europe, Canada and America, films on all Continents. This same eternal history is re-read in Ukraine - with an emphasis on our collisions, on our real children.
The performance "Oscar and the pink lady" with Irma Vitovskaya in the lead role and music of "Ocean Elzy" is a story of the incurably sick boy who writes letters to God. The statement is charitable. The creators of plays seek to draw attention to palliative care for patients, which doctors are no longer able to save.
The text of Schmitt is adapted here not in the mono version and not in the duet version (as in some noisy productions in the West and in the Russian Federation). Here, with us, virtually every page of Erica-Emmanuel spreads to different voices. Visualize the unique animation of Andrei Yarmolenko, affect the soul of the songs of Svyatoslav Vakarchuk and revive almost every, even minor, image.
Pink Dame (born Schmitt's fantasy) is the mediator between God and Man. The lady, seeing the boy's torment, offers him an exciting game: let's not save, but in continuation - life. Every day write letters to God. Only 10 letters came from the Oscars.
He is a ten-year-old sparrow, losing his own life, filling the cosmic and personal loss - faith, dream, the message of the Lord. And to him, the poor, it's not so painful. Not so…
Astonishing in acuteness of the sensations of the performance. Onslaught in Kiev, Odesa, Lviv, Kharkiv - and in all performances, the faces and tears of spectators who reborn with the little Oscar and find power of life are open.


By Louis C. Ward (The Orlando Times, NNPA Member)
Gessner Harris remembers White students hanging out of the windows at Eustis High School shouting racial slurs as he entered the school in 1965. Four White football players set fire to Thomas McClary’s sweater during chorus class that same year. Harris and McClary were the first Black students to integrate the high school in Eustis, Fla., about 40 miles north of Orlando, more than 50 years ago.
Although there is no official record at the Lake County School Board (LCSB), its board members and Superintendent Dr. Susan Moxley recently recognized 50 years of integration in its public school system at its March 14th general meeting. And on Sunday, April 17, 2016, former students, teachers and parents made vivid and memorable presentations about what they endured when they integrated Lake County’s school system at the Silhouettes of Criterions Annual Founder’s Day Observance at Gethsemane Baptist Church on Bay Street in Eustis, Florida.
The Annual Founder’s Day Observance program provides the opportunity for the Silhouettes to keep the legacy of the struggles and triumphs of African Americans in Lake County alive in the minds and hearts of past, present and future generations, not only of African Americans, but all Americans. A group of professional African American “Women Striving to Make a Difference,” The Silhouettes of Criterions Civic Club (SCCC) honored the first African American students, parents and teachers who integrated Eustis Heights Elementary School and Eustis High School in1965.
Mrs. Mamie Rolle, well into her nineties and a founder of the SCCC, was the first to described her integration experience as the first African American secretary at Umatilla Elementary School.
“I was told, not asked, to go to Umatilla Elementary School,” Mrs. Rolle informed the group composed of family, friends, and Lake County residents who remembered the times of segregation and integration, and the reign of the notorious Sheriff Willis McCall in Lake County. “Mamie, are you crazy? Do you know who is the principal at Umatilla?” Mamie was asked by a close associate.
“Our children went to an elementary school they knew nothing about. We knew we were putting our children in a point of danger. But we wanted to challenge Lake County,” said Elsie Broomfield, a parent, whose children Brian and Kenneth integrated Eustis’s public schools. “Integration came. Thank God for those children who weathered the storm.”
“I believed that true knowledge of our history is detrimental to our past, present and future history. If we do not know where we have been, how can we know where we are going,” said Harris, fiscal assistant for the LCSB and president of the SCCC. “I believe that the SCCC paying homage to the pioneers of integration, we were afforded an opportunity to make that era of our history known. Thank You SCC!”
When McClary integrated Eustis High School, he remembered how his neighbors, family and friends supported and encouraged him. “The love and support and confidence they gave me…if it wasn’t for my support from the Black community, I never could have made it.”
“I jump with joy to know that I had a part in shaping your lives. My better years of life, was teaching my students,” said Rena Poole, former Eustis High School teacher and wife of T. H. Poole, the civil rights activist and Tri County President of NAACP, who died in 2015.
The role racist Sheriff Willis V McCall played in the fight against integration and discrimination against Lake County’s African Americans was mentioned by some of the presenters. “I was scared because you know how they talked about [Sheriff McCall],” said one presenter.
More than 26 students, teachers, and parents, who began the fight to integrate Lake County’s School system, were honored by the Silhouettes of Criterions Civic Club Sunday, April 17 in the sanctuary at the recently built Gethsemane Baptist Church, where Reverend Billy Hawkins is the senior pastor, who also experienced racial discrimination in Marion County, and was told by his grandmother to be mindful of Sheriff McCall whenever he visited Lake County.
A northern retiree and Lady Lake resident, said “the program was very informative, and we need to tell our history to our children every chance we get.”
The event was like an oral history lesson for some individuals who attended the event and didn’t know what it was like living under segregated conditions in Lake County during the 1940’s through 1970’s. A program booklet distributed at the event showed a picture taken years ago of two young African American females holding signs. One of the signs read: “Integration Is an Education.”
And in the words of Pastor Thomas Poole, Jr., “it was also dangerous.”


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Santa tea pot
This is one of Sue’s prized teapots, SO pretty and fabulous that she has nightmares about it getting injured! I love the graphic on it and when we started planning this blog I knew this piece, and its friends, would be PERFECT for today : )
Continue reading Day 187 – Santa Claus is coming to town
This is a vintage Vera tablecloth that my mom bought in the early 70′s. I can’t say it was a particular favorite of mine, it does have my *favorite* shade of avocado green…
Now its been around so long that its got a sentimental attachment since my mom uses
Continue reading Day 186 – Vintage Candy canes
Today is the Winter solstice or the longest night of the year!
”The winter solstice occurs exactly when the axial tilt of a planet’s polar hemisphere is farthest away from the star that it orbits. Earth’s maximum axial tilt to our star, the Sun, during a solstice
Continue reading Day 185 – Winter Solstice
Very traditional : )
Silver and red bells, holly and berries and red ornaments, this classic design came out of Angie’s closet. It reminds me of the lyrics:
Silver bells, silver bells It’s Christmas time in the city Ring-a-ling, hear them ring Soon it will be Christmas
Continue reading Day 184 – Silver bells
Hanukkah bear : )
Tonight at nightfall the first candle of the menorah is lit. It starts eight nights of celebration and commemorates the re dedication of the Temple of Jerusalem by Judas Maccabee in 165 bc. Hanukkah comes from the Hebrew word “Khanu” meaning ‘and they rested’ and from the Hebrew
Continue reading Day 183 – The first night of Hanukkah
What is this?
What IS this?
This is the starting point for Sue’s genius today. She wanted to take a break from the traditional red/green Christmas and create something different so how about teal and glitter?!
Teal AND glitter!!
The “fabric” above is actually placemats! She
Continue reading Day 182 – We’re back to glitter…
Time for holly!
I had completely forgotten about this tablecloth, it was in my “cutter” stack. While cleaning up my daughters room I found an entire stack of these cloths and this one is PERFECT for the season.
Pretty good for a cutter : )
Just so we’re all
Continue reading Day 181 – Gold holly


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Worthless Clay Balls
A man was immensely enjoying his time exploring caves by the seashore. In one of those caves, he found a canvas bag with a number of hardened clay balls. It was like someone had rolled clay into balls, left them to dry in the sun to bake, put them into a bag and threw them into the back of the cave.
They didn’t look like much, but they intrigued the man, so he took the bag out of the cave with him. As he strolled along the beach, he would throw the balls one at a time out into the ocean as far as he could.
He thought little of it, until he dropped one onto a rock and it cracked open. Inside was a beautiful precious gem stone. Excited, the man started breaking open the remaining clay balls. Each one contained a similar precious treasure. He found thousands of dollars worth of jewels in the twenty or so old hard clay balls he had left.
Then it struck him. He had been on the beach a long time. He had carelessly tossed maybe fifty or so clay balls with their hidden treasure into the ocean waves. Instead of thousands of dollars in treasure, he could have taken home tens of thousands, but he had just thrown it away!
There is a strong parallel to this story with people. When on our life’s journey even in the darkened recesses of life, we come across people and see them externally as just a bit of old hard baked clay. They don’t look much from the outside, so we just discount them as we don’t see any beauty or value.
We see these outwardly hardened clay people in our minds as less important than someone more stylish, well known or wealthy. We then cast these seemingly valueless people out of our lives before we find the hidden treasure wrapped in that supposedly worthless exterior.
There is treasure in each and every one of us. If we take the time to get to know that person, and if we ask God to show us that person the way He sees them, then the clay begins to fall off and the brilliant gem begins to shine.
May we not come to the end of our days and find that during our journey of life we have thrown away a fortune of friendships and precious souls for salvation, because we didn’t bother to get to know the treasured gem hidden away inside the old hardened exterior of unattractive clay.
May we see each soul that we come across, even in the dark caves and recesses in our daily lives, the same way that God sees every one of them.
“If so be ye have tasted that the Lord is gracious; To whom coming, as a living stone, disallowed indeed of men, but chosen of God, and precious, ye also, as lively stones, are built up a spiritual house, an holy priesthood, to offer up spiritual sacrifices, acceptable to God by Jesus Christ. Wherefore also it is contained in the Scripture, behold, I lay in Sion a chief corner stone, elect, precious: and he that believeth on him shall not be confounded. Unto you therefore which believe he is precious: but unto them which be disobedient, the stone which the builders disallowed, the same is made the head of the corner, And a stone of stumbling, and a rock of offence, even to them which stumble at the word, being disobedient: whereunto also they were appointed. But ye are a chosen generation, a royal priesthood, an holy nation, a peculiar people; that ye should shew forth the praises of him who hath called you out of darkness into his marvellous light.” — 1 Peter 2:3-9