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Repeat Fine-Needle Aspiration With Molecular Analysis in Management of Indeterminate Thyroid Nodules
OBJECTIVE:To analyze clinical outcomes in a series of indeterminate thyroid nodules (ITNs) with repeat fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy and results of genomic classifier. STUDY DESIGN/METHODS:Historical chart review. SETTING/METHODS:Tertiary care center. METHODS:We reviewed FNA samples from subjects with Bethesda III or IV diagnoses from January 2015 to December 2018 at a single institution and selected those with repeat FNA and ThyroSeq testing of the same nodule. Patient demographics, Bethesda classifications, ThyroSeq results, treatment detail, and surgical pathology, when available, were analyzed. RESULTS:< .0001). In excised nodules, the prevalence of malignancy and noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features was 28% (n = 10) and 22% (n = 8), respectively, and all malignancies were low risk. CONCLUSION/CONCLUSIONS:In this case series, repeat FNA helped patients with ITNs avoid diagnostic surgery through reclassification to benign cytology. The risk of high-risk malignancy in ThyroSeq-positive nodules with repeat indeterminate cytology was low.
Predictive Value of a Genomic Classifier in Indeterminate Thyroid Nodules Based on Nodule Size
Importance/UNASSIGNED:Genomic classifiers were developed to better guide clinicians in the treatment of indeterminate thyroid nodules (ITNs). To our knowledge, whether there is variation in the diagnostic accuracy of these tests depending on ITN size has not been previously studied. Objective/UNASSIGNED:To analyze the diagnostic performance of a genomic classifier in relation to ITN size. Design, Setting, and Participants/UNASSIGNED:A case series study with medical records review was conducted including all patients with a cytologic diagnosis of ITN managed with genomic classifier testing and surgery from January 2015 to December 2018 at NYU Langone Health. Demographics, ITN characteristics, genomic profiles, treatment, and final pathologic findings were recorded. Data analysis was conducted from March to April 2021. Main Outcomes and Measures/UNASSIGNED:The primary aim was to assess the positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), sensitivity, and specificity of a genomic classifier test (ThyroSeq) in relation to ITN size (<2, 2-4, and >4 cm). The secondary aim was to investigate the risk of cancer associated with genetic signatures. Results/UNASSIGNED:Of the 212 patients with 218 ITNs, 158 (74.5%) were women; median (SD) age was 49 (15.6) years. Genomic classifier results were positive in 173 ITNs (79.4%) treated with surgery. In this group of 173 positive ITNs, 46 (26.6%) were malignant on final pathologic testing. Overall, the observed cancer prevalence in the population was 23.9% (52 ITNs). In 45 ITNs that underwent surgery despite a negative genomic classifier interpretation, 6 (13.3%) were malignant. The PPV of a positive test was 27% and the NPV was 87%. The PPV and NPV findings improved as the ITN size increased (<2 cm [nâ€‰=â€‰98]: PPV, 25%; NPV, 79% vs >4 cm [nâ€‰=â€‰33]: PPV, 50%; NPV, 89%). Test specificity was higher in larger ITNs (<2 cm: 15% vs >4 cm: 40%; Pâ€‰=â€‰.01). Isolated RAS sequence variations were the most common variant identified in malignant nodules (11 [21.1%] of all ITNs), followed by BRAF variants (7 [13.5%] of all ITNs). Conclusions and Relevance/UNASSIGNED:In this case series, the performance of the ThyroSeq test improved for larger ITNs. The risk of cancer in large ITNs with negative test results was low. These data suggest that, in genomic classifier-negative ITNs larger than 4 cm, initial management of thyroid lobectomy may be sufficient.
Follicular dendritic cell sarcoma of the cervical lymph node diagnosed on fine needle aspiration cytology [Case Report]
Follicular dendritic cell sarcomas (FDCS) are rare tumours of lymph nodes and extranodal tissues which are grouped with the histiocytic and dendritic cell neoplasms. The diagnosis is usually made after thorough clinical and pathological examination with immunohistochemical analysis. Difficulties persist in diagnosing FDCS on cytological preparations. We report herein a case of a 57-year-old female who presented with a right neck mass of 5Â months duration. Computed Tomography (CT) imaging of the neck reported a necrotic right level IIb lymph node and asymmetric fullness of the right palatine tonsil. Fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy revealed numerous spindle, oval and stellate neoplastic cells, arranged singly and in syncytia with moderate nuclear pleomorphism, vesicular chromatin pattern, and prominent nucleoli, sprinkled with small lymphocytes. The tumour cells were strongly diffusely positive for CD21, CD23, and D2-40 immunostaining on cell bock sections, but were negative for CD1a and CD34, supporting the diagnosis of FDCS. Follow-up surgical pathology on the resection showed histopathological features and an immunohistochemical profile consistent with FDCS.
Prognostic Significance of Singular RAS Mutations in Cytologically Indeterminate Thyroid Nodules [Meeting Abstract]
Introduction: The prognostic significance of a singular RAS mutation in cytologically indeterminate thyroid nodules (ITN) is unclear. This study aimed to analyze the incidence of malignancy and clinical outcomes of ITNs diagnosed on fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology with RAS mutations.
Method(s): All FNA ITNs that underwent ThyroSeq testing and thyroidectomy from 2014-2018 were reviewed. ITNs with RAS (N-, H-, or K-RAS) mutations identified on ThyroSeq testing were selected. Demographics, Bethesda classifications, genomic profiles, treatment, final pathology, and clinical outcomes were recorded.
Result(s): During the study period, 93 patients with cytologic diagnosis of ITN and RAS mutations were identified. The mean nodule size was 2.2 cm (range: 0.5-6.6 cm). Most nodules were classified as Bethesda III (77, 82.8%). NRAS mutations were the most common (53, 57%), followed by HRAS (24, 25.8%), and KRAS (16, 17.2%). The majority of patients were treated with thyroid lobectomy (67, 72%). On final pathology, 9 (10%) were diagnosed as malignant (follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma [FVPTC]) and were distributed among all 3 RAS variants (NRAS: 4 [7.5%]; HRAS: 4 [16.7%]; KRAS: 1 [6.3%]; p=0.4). Most FVPTCs were encapsulated (8, 88.9%). With a median follow up of 19 months (interquartile range = 8-35), no recurrences or progression was seen.
Conclusion(s): The risk of malignancy in ITNs with singular RAS mutations is low. All malignancies were low-risk. Our findings demonstrate a low incidence of high-risk malignancy in ITNs with RAS mutations, suggesting that initial management with conservative approaches such as thyroid lobectomy may be justified.
Concordance of Initial and Repeat Molecular Analysis in Cytologically Indeterminate Thyroid Nodules [Meeting Abstract]
Introduction: Molecular tests such as ThyroSeq are recommended in the workup of cytologically indeterminate thyroid nodules (ITN). While repeat molecular testing is often performed after repeat fine needle aspiration (FNA) yields persistently indeterminate cytology, ThyroSeq's inter-test reliability is unclear. We assessed consistency of initial and repeat ThyroSeq analyses performed on samples from the same thyroid nodules.
Method(s): All thyroid nodules diagnosed as ITN on consecutive FNAs that received ThyroSeq with both biopsies from 2014-2018 at our institution, were reviewed. Initial analysis was ThyroSeq v2 while repeat was v2 or v3. Nodules with gene mutations, fusions, or copy number alterations (CNA) were considered ThyroSeq-positive.
Result(s): During the study period, 30 patients underwent ThyroSeq analysis on initial and repeat FNA samples (median interval=21 months). On initial testing, 27 (90%) nodules were ThyroSeq-negative and 3 (10%) low-risk mutations (RAS, EIF1AX, TSHR) were identified. Repeat ThyroSeq re-identified these 3 nodules and also interpreted 9 initially ThyroSeq-negative nodules as positive (kappa=0.286). All 9 molecular alterations were low-risk, most were identified on v3 (7, 77.8%), and CNA was the most common change (6, 66.7%). Of 12 patients with ThyroSeq-positive nodules, 8 underwent lobectomy. Final pathology identified low-risk malignancy in 3 nodules; the remainder were benign.
Conclusion(s): New findings on repeat ThyroSeq are possible. Whether these findings were detected by expanded panel or are the result of de-novo changes is unknown. The risk of missing high-risk changes appears to be low. More studies are needed to characterize the concordance of ThyroSeq analyses and natural evolution of ITNs.
Bile Brush Cytology Fluorescence in Situ Hybridization and the Detection of Malignancy [Meeting Abstract]
Introduction: Our study aimed to assess the sensitivity (SN) and specificity (SP) of fluorescence-in-situ-hybridization (FISH) alone and as an adjunct to routine cytology for the detection of malignancy in biliary tract lesions.
Material(s) and Method(s): Bile duct brush specimens with FISH results from 1/2013-1/2020 were tabulated yielding 55 cases. Cases were classified as "Benign" where surgical resection showed benign findings or follow-up was uneventful >18 months and as "Malignant" where surgical pathology or clinical follow up identified malignancy in the pancreatobillary system (40 cases). Cases not falling under these categories were excluded. Cytologically suspicious and positive cases were designated as "positive." FISH positive and "equivocal" results were also designated as "positive." When examining the combined cytology-FISH results, cases were designated as "positive" if either cytology or FISH test was "positive." Atypical cytology cases were excluded.
Result(s): 21/40 cases fell under benign or malignant categories. 5/21 cases had malignant surgical follow-up: 4 pancreaticobiliary ductal adenocarcinoma and 1 Hodgkin lymphoma. FISH showed high SP (100%) and low SN (33.3%) in diagnosing malignancy in bile brush cytology. In cytology alone, FISH alone and the combined cytology-FISH testing, there was a statistically significant difference in risk-of-malignancy between Positive and Negative diagnostic categories, p<0.05(Table 1). Accuracy improved using combined cytology-FISH results over either test alone, area under the curve (AUC: Cytology=0.8; FISH=0.717; Combined test=0.85) (Figure1).
Conclusion(s): Cytology, FISH and combined cytology-FISH results all showed higher risk-of-malignancy values in positive compared to negative categories. The FISH-cytology combination may improve the SN of detecting malignancy in biliary tract lesions. Sample size may have been too small to detect a significant difference between combined cytology-FISH results versus either test alone. However, due to the potential clinical impact of improving bile duct brush cytology accuracy, our results should be evaluated further in larger samples. [Formula presented] [Formula presented]
The need for completion thyroidectomy and radioactive iodine therapy in the treatment of indeterminate thyroid nodules [Meeting Abstract]
The majority of malignancies identified in indeterminate thyroid nodules (ITN) are low risk. Therefore, the need for total thyroidectomy or adjuvant treatment such as completion thyroidectomy or radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy in the treatment of ITNs is uncertain. This study aimed to analyze the likelihood of a need for total thyroidectomy and RAI therapy in the management of ITNs. All ITNs diagnosed on FNA cytology from 2014-2018 at NYU Langone Health were reviewed. ITNs managed with surgery were selected. Demographics, nodule characteristics, final pathology, treatment detail, and clinical outcomes were recorded. During the study period, 218 patients with surgically excised ITNs were identified. One hundred forty-two (65.1%) patients underwent thyroid lobectomy (TL), and 76 (34.9%) had total thyroidectomy (TT) upfront. In the lobectomy group, 26 (18.3%) had a malignant nodule on final surgical pathology, 8 (5.6%) underwent completion thyroidectomy, and 5 (3.5%) received RAI. In the total thyroidectomy group, 26 (34.2%) were diagnosed as malignant, and 14 (18.4%) received RAI. Follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (FVPTC) was the most common malignant diagnosis in both groups (TL: 20, 76.9%; TT: 12, 46.2%). Adenomatous nodule was the most common benign diagnosis (TL: 55, 72.5%; TT: 15, 51.2%). NIFTP accounted for 28.2% (40) of nodules treated with lobectomy and 27.6% (21) of nodules treated with upfront total thyroidectomy. In the entire cohort, only two (1%) patients had significant pathology in the contralateral lobe (1 [0.5%] with papillary thyroid carcinoma [PTC] and 1 [0.5%] with multifocal micro-PTC). Of all 218 ITNs, only 19 patients (8.7%) received RAI. With a median follow-up of 31.5 months (interquartile range = 21-39.5), no recurrences or progression was seen. The need for completion thyroidectomy or adjuvant RAI therapy in the treatment of ITN was low in our series. These data suggest that initial management of ITNs with lobectomy might be sufficient in the majority of cases
Insight into utility and impact of immunohistochemistry in evaluating microinvasion in breast core needle biopsies [Meeting Abstract]
Background: Diagnosis of microinvasion (MI) in breast core needle biopsy (CNB) can be challenging particularly in a background of carcinoma in situ (CIS) involving sclerosing lesion with periductal fibrosis and lymphocytic infiltrate. Immunohistochemical stains (IHC) for myoepithelial cells aid in confirming MI. Surgical management of MI deviates from CIS as the former includes sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) while the latter typically includes SLNB only when total mastectomy (TM) is planned. We investigated the utility of IHC in diagnosing MI in our CNBs and its impact on final histopathology on surgical excision.
Design(s): We conducted a search for cases of CIS with foci suspicious for MI, in which IHC for calponin and p63 was used to confirm MI (defined as invasive carcinoma <=1 mm) between January 2010 and June 2019. CIS included ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS). MI cases diagnosed based on routine histology were also collected for the same time period. Only cases with follow up excision data were included. Cases with synchronous invasive carcinoma were excluded. Clinicopathologic data including age, size, laterality, resection type, SLNB status and biomarker profiles were compared. Graphpad Prism software was used for statistical analysis.
Result(s): We identified 106 cases of CIS (102 DCIS, 4 LCIS), where IHC was used to confirm MI (MI-IHC hereafter). Mean age was 58 years. Of the 106 cases MI-IHC was identified in 24 cases (23%). See table. All 24 MI-IHC cases had SLNB (100%). Of the 82 CIS cases, 39 had SLNB (48%). Relative risk of finding invasive carcinoma/MI on resection in MI-IHC was 1.8 (p=0.03) compared to CIS. There was no correlation between the biomarker profile with the resection outcome in either CIS (p=0.5, Fisher's exact test) or MI-IHC cases (p=3.4, Chi-square test). We identified 7 cases of MI, diagnosed on routine histology without IHC, of which 5 (71%) had invasive carcinoma/MI and 2 (29%) had CIS or no residual carcinoma on resection. Mean size of invasive carcinoma and CIS on resection in this group was 11 mm and 25 mm, respectively. The resection outcome between MI-IHC and MI based on routine histology was not significant (p=0.6). (Table presented)
Conclusion(s): IHC helped diagnose MI in CNB for CIS in 23% of cases. Compared to CIS, the diagnosis of MI-IHC carried a relative risk of 1.8 in finding invasive carcinoma/MI on resection. There was no difference in the significance of the method used for the diagnosis of MI
Hurthle cell lesions on thyroid fine needle aspiration cytology: Molecular and histologic correlation
BACKGROUND:Hurthle cell lesions often pose diagnostic challenges, despite their common occurrence on thyroid fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC). The associated molecular alterations are also not well understood. Therefore, our study aimed to delineate the molecular profile of HÃ¼rthle cell lesions classified as Bethesda Categories III or IV (atypia of undetermined significance (AUS) or suspicious for follicular neoplasm (SFN)) on FNAC and to correlate this molecular profile with surgical resection findings. METHODS:This study consisted of 188 HÃ¼rthle cell lesions with indeterminate cytology and ThyroSeqÂ® v2/v3 molecular testing results. Surgical follow-up was available for 33 cases. RESULTS:The majority of indeterminate HÃ¼rthle cell lesions had negative ThyroSeqÂ® results (61%) and were benign on available surgical follow-up. The most prevalent mutations involved the RAS gene (21%), which were associated with benign lesions, non-invasive follicular thyroid neoplasms with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP), and malignancy. The remaining mutations involved less than 18% of the cases, including PAX8/PPARG (3.7%), TSHR (3.7%), EIF1AX (2.7%), MET (2.1%), PTEN (1.6%), clonal copy number alteration (1.6%), TERT (1.1%), and 0.5% each of GNAS, PIK3CA, and TP53 mutations. On follow-up, 45% were benign, 24% were NIFTP, and 30% were malignant. The malignant cases had different molecular alterations. CONCLUSION/CONCLUSIONS:No single molecular alteration defines cytologically indeterminate HÃ¼rthle cell lesions; the majority of cases have low-risk or no molecular alterations and are benign on follow-up. These findings suggest that molecular testing may be useful, but is not definitive, in determining which cases may be managed conservatively; additional studies are needed to fully determine the negative predictive value in ruling out malignancy.
Noninvasive Follicular Thyroid Neoplasm with Papillary-Like Nuclear Features (NIFTP); An Interobserver Study of Key Cytomorphologic Features From a Large Academic Medical Center
OBJECTIVE:Because of the indolent nature of Noninvasive Follicular Thyroid Neoplasm with Papillary-Like Nuclear Features (NIFTP) and potential requisite for conservative treatment, it is crucial to identify features of this entity pre-operatively. Our group recently published our findings that there are several cytomorphologic features that may be used as clues to distinguish NIFTP, PTC and follicular adenoma (FA) on fine-needle aspiration (FNA). Therefore, we aimed to determine the interobserver reproducibility of these findings. METHODS:Pre-surgical FNA slides from NIFTP (n=30), classic PTC (n=30) and FA (n=30) collected from 1/2013-8/2016 were reviewed by 7 cytopathologists blindly. Presence of selected cytomorphologic features was recorded and compared to determine percent agreement and inter-rater reliability among study cytopathologists using Gwet's AC1 statistics. RESULTS:For all the cytomorphologic features, the overall percent agreement amongst the pathologists ranged between 65.1% and 86.8% (Gwet's AC1 0.30 to 0.80). There was substantial or almost perfect agreement (Gwet's AC1 >0.60) in seven cytomorphologic features in the classic PTC group, in six features in the NIFTP group, and in five features in the FA group. There were no features with poor agreement (Gwet's AC1<0.0). CONCLUSIONS:The current study supports the reproducibility of our previous findings. The high level of agreement amongst pathologists for these groups, and particularly the NIFTP group, supports the notion that when viewed in combination as a cytologic profile, these cytomorphologic features may assist the cytopathologist in raising the possibility of NIFTP pre-operatively. This can potentially aid clinicians in deciding whether more conservative treatment may be appropriate.


Caframo Lab Solutions®, Overhead Stirrer, Ultra Speed Stirrer, 115 Volt, Model CLS-BDC6015
Caframo’s Ultra Speed 6015 produces results in high speed applications, including emulsions, microencapsulations, low viscosity slurries and high shear dispersions of powders. Digital display and precision control of speed settings make repeatability of process easy. Safety features shut down the stirrer if there is overheating or torque overload, ensuring a long stirrer life. Operate with speeds up to 6000 rpm with peace of mind.
“If it doesn’t say Caframo it is not a mixer.” Scientific Director, cosmetics manufacturer.
Caframo stirrers are quiet, dependable, maintenance free and ideal for continuous use. Included in each purchase: Overhead stirrer motor, chuck, chuck guard, chuck key, support rod, power cord, manual in four languages (English, French, Spanish and German), calibration certificate and three year warranty.
|Volume Maximum||25 L (6.5 US Gallons)|
|Viscosity Maximum||20 000 mPa·s (20 000 cps)|
|Torque Maximum||170 N·cm (15 in-lbs = 240 in-oz)|
|Output Power||150 Watts (⅕ hp)|
|Speed – Low Range||40-1200 rpm|
|Speed – High Range||1200-6000 rpm|
|Speed Accuracy||/- 1 rpm|
|Torque Maximum – Low Speed||170 N·cm (15 in-lbs = 240 in-oz)|
|Torque Maximum – High Speed||34 N·cm (3 in-lbs = 48 in-oz)|
|Torque Accuracy||/- 12 N·cm ( /- 1 in-lb)|
|Chuck Maximum Shaft Diameter||9.5 mm (⅜”)|
|Rotation Direction||Clockwise only|
|Weight||5 kg (11 lb)|
|Voltage||120 volt/230 volt|
|Ambient Temperature Operation||5-40°C (41-104°F)|
|Relative Humidity Operation||80%|
|Approvals – North America||CAN/CSA 61010-1 & 61010-2-51 3rd Ed., UL 61010-1 3rd Ed.|
|Approvals – Europe||EN 61326-1: 2013, Europe CE, IEC 61010-1 & 61010-2-51 3rd Ed., RoHS, WEEE|
Overhead stirrer motor 120 volts, 60 Hz. Includes support rod, chuck, chuck key, chuck guard, grounded North American power cord, and printed manual.
Remember to order a stand, clamp and impeller for a complete system to start mixing.
- Brushless DC motor
- Totally enclosed metal housing
- Electronic control
- Smart two-speed transmission
- Through shaft
- Chuck guard included
- High efficiency (less heat)
- Protection from dust and product splashing
- Precise speed adjustment and speed maintenance as viscosity changes
- Transmission selects high-torque or high-speed range
- Easy impeller adjustment saves time
- Safely encloses spinning chuck to protect user
- Protects chuck from splashes


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Our stains are applied in an environmentally responsible manner.
KAR colors concrete surfaces with a beautiful variegated and mottled appearance. KAR can transform an ordinary
concrete surface into the rich look of granite or marble.
Staining is not paint or coating agent, rather, it's a coloring process
involving a chemical reaction on a cementitious material. A solution made
with water, acid and inorganic salts reacts with minerals already present in
the concrete, and the result of this reaction is color. It works very well
on new or old concrete, and we've seen impressive results over decorative
polymer overlays as well as self-leveling products. KAR stains are a very
durable product when properly protected with sealer/wax, and it can be applied
to both interiors and exteriors.
What makes KAR Stain so attractive? Staining gives concrete a mottled,
variegated, marble-like look. It creates beautiful colors on concrete,
mostly earth tone browns, reddish browns and greens. You can also create
your own shades by mixing and matching your available colors, or applying
them at different rates. Never expect stain to be uniform or have an
even tone, you'll get different reactions from slab to slab, and even on the
same job you may see different coloration patterns.
Stain can be applied to walks, entrances, driveways, living rooms,
bathrooms, patios, high traffic, concrete products areas and even vertically
to any cementitious surface.
On some applications where the surface is textured, as in stamped concrete
or stamped overlays, KAR Stain provides even more depth of color, larger
selection and realistic look to the surface.
You can go from a simple design to a very sophisticated project. The more
complicated your design, the more labor intensive it will become, but the
end results are simply stunning. After the Stain is applied, the floor
should be sealed / waxed to protect the stain and add shine and depth.
KAR works with existing concrete slabs and/or KAR will do the install with
qualified concrete installers to create a beautiful long lasting, finished

domain: chemistry


text:
A wanted foreigner and his Thai girlfriend were arrested in the Pattaya area on Tuesday of this week (October 19th) after allegedly being involved in transferring illegal drugs overseas, according to a report from Thai law enforcement.
The Seaport Interdiction Task Force (SITF) reported that they have arrested two wanted suspects who were named as Mr. Alijandro Cruz, 30, a Chinese – Hong Kong national, and Ms. Tiwa Treenop, 32, a Thai national.
They were arrested at a house in the Nongprue sub-district, according to law enforcement. Seized from them was a small bag of ketamine and a sealing machine (Used for packing drugs inside packages) and properties worth about two million baht, according to the SITF reports.
The secretary of the office of Narcotics Control Board Mr. Wichai Chaimongkon told the Thai media this weekend, “We were contacted by the Hong Kong Customs Department. In July of this year, they stated that they seized 61 kilograms of heroin inside an instant noodle package and had connected three Hong Kong-based suspects to the crime. They were investigating the source of the package here in Thailand.”
“The Seaport Interdiction Task Force (SITF) continued their investigation to determine the source of the package, which was found to have positively been sent from Thailand.” Wichai continued.
“The items were allegedly sent by Mr. Cruz, Ms. Tiwa (Mr. Cruz’s girlfriend ), and Mr. Chua Yik, a Chinese – Hong Kong national (Mr. Cruz’s friend who was arrested previously while attempting to flee Thailand at an airport, according to Wichai). The arrest warrants for the three suspects were issued on October 15th, for being involved in transnational crime (transferring illegal drugs overseas).” Wichai stated.
All three suspects have reportedly denied the claims although remained in police custody pending a further investigation, according to SITF. It was not known if they had immediately secured a lawyer and they had not released any official statements to the press.

domain: news


Nvidia has made a name for itself in the mobile industry as being capable of delivering a quality video experience, but the company lagged behind Qualcomm by being unable to compete in smartphones as well as tablets. The new Tegra 4 system-on-a-chip looks to change that with a renewed focus on photography and new radio technology.
The technical demonstrations that came with the Tegra 3 release stunned most, and introduced a level of gameplay and rendering capabilities that Android hadn’t really had up until that point. It didn’t take long for Qualcomm to respond with their own amazing video and audio demonstrations in order to compete with Nvidia. Only, Qualcomm was also able to step up to the plate with an LTE radio. By the end of 2012, nearly every smartphone was being manufactured with LTE onboard. Most of those smartphones had Qualcomm’s name on them, and in response to this Nvidia made sure to choose demonstrations for their new chipset that wouldn’t be quite as easy to overcome.
The Tegra 4 chipset is a quad core processor with a fifth companion core, much like the Tegra 3. Unlike its predecessor, however, Tegra 4 is based on an ARM Cortex A15 architecture to make the system significantly more capable. The chipset is also packing 72 cores for the GPU in order to deliver an even better graphical experience, while at the same time using less power to do so compared to current chips. An LTE radio is also included in the Tegra 4 build, along with a partnership Nvidia announced to help build a software modem that would be significantly more efficient than the current method of controlling modem radios in smartphones. Nvidia wasn’t willing to speak on the performance superiority of the radios, instead focusing on the kinds of experiences Tegra 4 will be able to deliver.
In demonstrating the capabilities of the Tegra 4 chipset, Nvidia chose to focus on daily use cases rather than raw performance. Instead of a stunning visual test, the chipset was demonstrated to be capable of loading websites much faster than the competition. Rather than show off the title catalog in the Tegra Zone that would benefit from the performance boost, a camera demonstration that included a unique approach to HDR was shown off. Instead of taking three photos and blending them with software, Nvidia plans to make capturing HDR shots much faster on anything with a camera and Tegra 4. So the 2-4 second delay for such shots found in many smartphones today will probably disappear.
Outside of their new Project Shield handheld, Nvidia hasn’t made it clear what hardware will be running this new chipset in the future. The technical demonstrations during the announcement showed both Windows and Android tablet prototypes with the chipset installed, but given the kinds of demonstrations that were made it would makes sense for there to be a smartphone or two in Nvidia’s future.


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Everyone wants a tattoo. However, getting one depends on how much you are willing to spend on it.
Many a time, people get tattoos that they grow to dislike with time. That is not only because they did not put a lot of thought into it. It might also be produced by lack of budget. While it is imperative that you thoroughly think about your design when you get a tattoo, there are other important things as well. For many, the top of those things is budget. It can help decide whether you are going to have a great or a gimmick tattoo.
Now, keep in mind that various designers set various prices for their services. Some of them might cost higher than the others. While the quality compromise is obvious in some cases, others may not make that much of a difference. The key is to check the reviews and clients of a tattoo designer before you hire them to design and ink yours. However, Tattoo Design Inc. suggests a more precise approach towards it.
Here is an assessment of all the things that can decide the final cost of your tattoo.
One important thing to understand right away is the intricacy of location or spot. Some spots are easier to ink than the others. For instance, something with major muscle groups, such as your back, pecs, arms or thighs. Those would be easy to put a tattoo on than the others. Because considering how some areas take much more attention to details and ink than the others, they may add to the final cost. That is why it is important to pick the right location for your tattoo.
2. Attention To Details
As mentioned above, one of the common things about putting a tattoo in various parts of your body means more attention. For instance, if you get an emblem on your forearm, it would not take as much ink as it would on a full-back tattoo. Now, bear in mind that variety of colours and all that add to the final price as well, but we’ll come to that later. For now, it is imperative to understand that variety of design, size and length can add more details. More details mean more money.
3. Size – Height & length
Speaking of the size, it does matter when it comes to the cost of a tattoo. Because the larger the tattoo, the higher the price. Why is that? Because it would require more work. It will also need the artist to spend a lot of time finalizing the design before they put the ink on your skin. Moreover, it also adds to the hour-count. Many tattoo parlours who pay by the hour will cost higher if your tattoo takes long. On average, a big tattoo might require multiple visits. More visits mean more appointments and make no mistake, they do cost more. The bottom line is, the bigger your tattoo is, the emptier your pocket will be.
4. Colour Palettes
If you combine all of the things we have established so far, it would look something like this. The location will decide the size of the tattoo. The size will decide how much attention is required. Then more attention means more colors. Which directly means more usage of ink. In conclusion, it ends up adding to the cost. The more colors your tattoo has, the higher the cost. That is why it is imperative to pick your colors wisely. Now, if you go with the tribal design or Blackwork tattoos, they require only and mostly one color. That is black. That is why their costs might not be as high as a colorful tattoo. However, they do require a lot of intricate ink-work and attention to detail.
5. Level Of Customization
If you go for a customized design, that means they would have to make it from scratch. It also means more sketching and more drawing. For instance, many tattoo parlours have their own design palettes. You can select a generic one and get it customized. But, if you make one from the scratch, the artists will have to draw from your idea. It means a variety of drawings before your mind settles on something that represents the idea in your head. That is why you must keep the customization to a minimum if you want to keep the costs at low.
6. Hours Taken
All of the aforementioned elements of a tattoo require doing work. It may take up to hours. As we said before, some artists might charge you by the hours. In the end, it ends up adding to the price of your tattoo. The simpler your design is, the lower the cost will be.
If you were to simplify everything said above, it would mean that more work means higher cost. That is why, if you are looking for a cheap first tattoo, make sure it’s nothing major. However, if you try to keep it too low, then you might have to compromise with quality and that is not suggested.

domain: design


text:
Johnson: blocked £16m deal
Competition minister Melanie Johnson has asked the Director General of Fair Trading to consider whether to initiate an industry-wide inquiry into consolidation of the regional press.
In line with a Competition Commission report, she has blocked a £16m deal that would have given Johnston Press virtually 100 per cent of the market in its already strong areas of Northampton and Peterborough.
Johnson noted the commission’s concern over the tendency of publishers to develop clusters of titles. The commission had questioned whether the spread of local monopolies might give rise to a "live and let live" attitude among major publishers – a tacit sharing of the market on a geographical basis.
The minister approved the transfer of four of eight weekly titles in the East Midlands from Trinity Mirror to Johnston Press, but has said the Edinburgh-based company cannot buy the East Northants Herald & Post series, the Northampton Herald & Post, the Peterborough Herald & Post and the Stamford Herald & Post on the grounds it would be against the public interest.
The commission held an extended inquiry into the deal and decided unanimously that Johnston Press could buy only the Brackley & Towcester Post, the Derby Trader, the Harborough Herald & Post and The Trader.
Trinity Mirror and Johnston Press are now considering whether they will go ahead with the partial transaction and a decision is expected this week.
In arriving at its conclusions, the commission considered the effects that all the proposed transfers would have on regional and local reporting and concluded unanimously that none of the transfers would pose a threat to quality and diversity, or to the accurate presentation of news and free expression of opinion.
But the minister said: "I share the majority view of the report that the transfers of four of the titles would have adverse effects on competition in the local newspaper markets.
"I have considered the minority member’s views, but I am persuaded that the majority view is better supported by the available evidence and relevant economics."
The commission decided that:
Johnston would be able to raise prices to advertisers profitably and discriminately in the Northampton and Peterborough area.
A significant minority of advertisers could be expected to experience price increases above the competitive level.
Trinity Mirror would be unlikely to close the four titles if the transfers did not take place. Entry into the relevant markets would also be more likely without the transfers.
Johnston publishes nearly 200 titles in the North East, Yorkshire, the central and east Midlands, the South East and in Scotland.
Trinity Mirror is the largest publisher of regional and local newspapers in the UK, with nearly 250 regional and local titles in the South East, the Midlands, Yorkshire, the North East, the North West as well as in Scotland and Northern Ireland.
By Jean Morgan

domain: law


Full Text Search: The Key to Better Natural Language Queries for NoSQL in Node.js
Date: 1/31/2018 @ 2 p.m. ET
After receiving many requests for code samples from developers, Microsoft this week added code samples to the GitHub code repository. The code examples focus on the integration of data from SkyDrive, Messenger and Hotmail.


For our project, we chose to design a detection system for various factors, in order to determine beehive health state. Those factors include the bee pathogen Paenibacillus larvae, heavy metals levels, and sugar levels, which will all be detected in bees' excrements.
We chose to use bees’ excrements for testing as it is the less invasive solution we found. The first options we had was to use crushed bees but we highly disliked the idea of killing more bees. We considered our project was to save bees and that option was not feasible with our convictions. Another option was to put the modified bacteria directly in larvae which are naturally part of their microbiota. In this case the color change could be observable in the living bees but we encountered two issues. The obvious is the GMO aspect of the project which 90% of researchers we met with raised and insisted on an alternative. The other being that the pigment may not be as visible as we would expect in the living organism plus larvae’s cells are closed at some point and even if they do change color we won’t be able to observe it. We finally chose bee excrements where P. larvae is still present, which will not be a big concern regarding public opinion and finally which is not invasive.
Paenibacillus larvae detection system
We based our detection system on the iron uptake system of P. larvae and we chose Bacillus subtilis to detect it since they both have a similar iron regulation system. Soluble Iron, which is crucial for bacteria survival, is scare in nature. Thus, bacteria develop ways to use the available source. For instance, during low iron concentrations conditions in the extracellular environment, P. larvae and B. subtilis produce iron chelating agents, known as siderophores, and in our case it is the bacillibactin (BB).
BB is a catechol-based siderophore-secreted by members of the genus Bacillus (antracis, subtilis). It is involved in the chelation of ferric iron (Fe3+) from the surrounding environment and is subsequently transferred into the bacterial cytoplasm via the use of ABC transporters and siderophore binding proteins (SBP).
Once in the intracellular environment, first the Fe3+ is converted into Fe2+ then the FUR (Ferric Iron Regulator) takes over. In the presence of Fe, FUR, a negative transcription factor, dimerizes upon iron II binding and inhibits its target genes expression.
The concept of our project was to first delete B. subtilis’s BB, and replace its SBP and ABC transporter by the ones of P. larvae. On one hand, the idea being that by putting our modified B. subtilis in the same environment, B. subtilis will be forced to use the P. larvae siderophore which is possible now with the help of the ABC transporter and SBP specific to P. larvae. On the other hand, we want to put a pigment under a LacI promotor (for example), itself being regulated by FUR. The amount of intracellular iron in B. subtilis will increase with the use of P. larvae’s BB, which will activates FUR and therefore repress LacI. This chain of events will lead to the expression of our pigment, silent in normal conditions, indicating the presence of P. larvae.
Proof of concept
In a lab settings, the ideal would be to test our modified bacteria simply with P. larvae’s BB instead of working with the pathogen itself. Due to multiple reasons, we also had to adapt our project for this competition. Most importantly, most P. larvae sequences including the SBP and ABC transporter sequences are discontinued. For the sake of a proof of concept, we modified our system where we will instead remove all other iron uptake system, and its own BB from B. subtilis. We will then transfect it with a plasmid containing our repressed pigment, with the repressor under FUR regulation. In this case, we will put our modified bacteria next to one that still produces BB. If our bacteria changes color, it would indicate that they were able to take up the BB from the unmodified B. subtilis, and also that our pigment expression system is functional.
Other factors’ detection
Other factors than pathogens can indicate beehives health. We decided to look into sugar levels (sucrose and fructose), and heavy metals levels, still in the same samples. Our idea is to create a system that could be adapted to study any type of factors we are interested in by simply using the same system but each time modifying promotors to make it specific to the factor of interest. We went from the basic idea of P. larvae detection system with a promotor repressed by a transcription factor in normal condition. With the presence of the component to detect, that transcription factor will no longer block the expression of the pigment, thus the staining of B. subtilis.


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Defending Google Fiber’s Broadband Pricing Freedom to Price Discriminate – Part 19 Broadband Pricing Freedom SeriesSubmitted by Scott Cleland on Fri, 2013-10-18 12:18
Google deserves kudos for standing up to net neutrality critics who want no restrictions on the use of their broadband service, and for standing firm on principle in its new terms of service that Google enjoys the broadband freedom to price-discriminate between consumer and commercial customers, and also between broadband use that doesn’t compete with Google Fiber, and broadband use that does compete with Google Fiber, because the latter would undermine Google Fiber’s ability to earn a return on its substantial infrastructure investment.
“Monopolist” assertions devoid of facts or economic understanding – Part 18 of Broadband Internet Pricing Freedom SeriesSubmitted by Scott Cleland on Wed, 2013-10-02 18:59
In a Washington Post piece, neither labeled as opinion or news analysis, author Timothy B. Lee, charged that “These charts show Comcast acting more and more like a monopolist,” but badly failed in backing up that highly pejorative “monopolist” assertion.
Mr. Lee reprinted charts provided by Comcast to rebut a previous unsupported assertion by Mr. Lee that American “broadband speeds were stagnating.”
Mr. Lee’s attempted gotcha in his latest piece failed as a result of a demonstrably poor understanding of economics, competition, business and capitalism.
Submitted by Scott Cleland on Mon, 2013-09-23 17:10
If the Washington Post had fact-checked Save-the-Internet’s spin, or even sought out an alternative viewpoint for balance, they easily could have avoided the obvious fundamental factual mistakes in their article: “What Europe can teach us about keeping the Internet open and free.”
First, Mr. Fung inaccurately attributed Save-the-Internet’s extreme and highly-controversial definition of net neutrality -- “all Internet traffic, no matter where’s its going or who it came from, should be treated the same” -- as the FCC’s “concept of net neutrality,” when the FCC’s compromise net neutrality definition was much less controversial and very different than the Post’s Save-the-Internet characterization.
Video: Why FCC Title II Reclassification of Broadband is a Legal Non-Starter – Part 6 of Title II Reclassification SeriesSubmitted by Scott Cleland on Sun, 2013-09-22 21:08
Expect net neutrality proponents to pressure the FCC to reclassify broadband as a Title II common carrier telephone service, if as many expect, the D.C. Appeals Court overturns much, or possibly all, of the FCC’s Open Internet Order in the coming months.
Observers of the September 9th oral argument heard Judges Tatel and Silberman strongly question the legality of applying common carrier-like regulation to an unregulated information service.
If you want to know why it would be a legal non-starter for the FCC to then completely reverse course and try to reclassify broadband as Title II common carrier service, please listen to my video explanation, starting at 7:52. (The written version of my argument is part 5 of this post.)
Submitted by Scott Cleland on Wed, 2013-09-18 13:47
Professor Susan Crawford’s Bloomberg op-ed, “New FCC Head Must Reclaim Authority over Telecom,” exposes a profound lack of substance, in being unable to identify any real market problem warranting FCC regulation.
Let’s review Professor Crawford’s litany of contrived policy problems.
First, she charges that ISPs are working “to ensure no regulator has any real authority over them.” No, ISPs are pointing out the unique excessiveness of having THREE government entities having authority over them on the same general matters. ISPs are not asking for any reduction in authority for the DOJ or the FTC. Specifically, Verizon is asking the D.C. Appeals Court to decide if the FCC exceeded its legal authority in imposing prophylactic common-carrier-like regulation on companies that have not done anything wrong.
5 BIG Implications from Court Signals on Net Neutrality – A Special Report -- Part 34 FCC Open Internet Order SeriesSubmitted by Scott Cleland on Fri, 2013-09-13 12:54
Economic rationality, competition, and broadband pricing freedom are the big winners, and common carrier-like net neutrality was the big loser, if the Appeals Court panel decides Verizon v. FCC as expected.
Monday’s intense tag-team grilling of the FCC’s lawyer by Judges Tatel and Silberman left most observers thinking the Court will decide it is illegal for the FCC to impose common-carrier-like regulation on broadband providers -- regardless of what else they decide.
Submitted by Scott Cleland on Mon, 2013-09-09 16:21
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
September 9, 2013
Contact: Scott Cleland
“A Very Good Day for Broadband Pricing Freedom”
Submitted by Scott Cleland on Thu, 2013-09-05 16:34
This should make it much easier to scan and find particular research of interest by subject and theme.
Submitted by Scott Cleland on Mon, 2013-09-02 21:18
September 9th looks to be a challenging day for the FCC.
For many good reasons, the FCC will face a skeptical D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals panel Monday in oral arguments for Verizon vs. FCC. The FCC will be defending its Open Internet order which mandated neutrality.
Overall the court will be skeptical because the FCC largely ignored the law, Congress, the facts, and the Constitution. Essentially, the FCC made up an industry problem that does not exist in order to repurpose itself for the Internet age. Simply, the FCC is not asking for slack from the court (i.e. Chevron Deference), it’s basically asking for carte blanche to grant itself unbounded authority going forward.
Verizon enjoys the advantage in this case because it need prevail in only one of its several strong challenges to the FCC’s order, while the FCC must convince the court to completely reject all of Verizon’s arguments.
Specifically, why will this court be skeptical here?
Submitted by Scott Cleland on Tue, 2013-08-20 17:30
Information may want to be free, but physical networks are costly.
Few proponents of net neutrality appreciate the trillions of dollars of investment it has taken to build and upgrade the Internet’s vast and varied infrastructure that we all enjoy today. Simply, the Internet is not free of cost.
Economical policies have made the Internet universal and have enabled users to access the content, apps, and devices of their choice – what net neutrality is supposedly all about. On the other hand, uneconomical policies that discourage economic growth, return-on-investment, or respect for property can have unintended consequences and can threaten the proverbial goose that lays the golden eggs.


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Welcome to SynapCell
SynapCell is a biotechnology company providing the CNS drug manufacturing industry with translational drug discovery solutions to reveal the therapeutic potential of their molecules targeting CNS disorders.
Feedback on Eilat XII from the CEO of SynapCell
August 31 – September 3, 2014
I am just back from Madrid (Spain) where I attended Eilat XII, the conference on anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs). I believe the conference was a success, it brought together people from biotech and pharma industries, clinicians and academics to discuss epilepsy and AEDs, whether already on the market or under development.
The meeting began with an active discussion of the different topics related to pharmacoresistance, which is still a subject of debate. No consensus was reached as both sides of the argument were supported by clinical, academic and industrial experience!


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|James Potter is an arrogant toerag (prongsed) wrote in the_recruitment,
@ 2012-04-01 23:43:00
|! 04/1977, ! thread, char: james potter, char: lily evans
Who: James & Anonymous [zomg Lily]
What: James meets the anonymous Slytherin-hater from this owl
Where: Quidditch Pitch
When: 1st April, night-time.
Rating: Lemme get back to you on that. ;]
It didn't take too long for James to get on the owl that he'd received earlier that evening. He breezed through dinner with his mates giving him the strangest looks as his fork shovelled food faster into his mouth than usual. Something about that owl was unusual, something that he couldn't quite place luring him to the Pitch. It might've been a trap set by one of the dirty Slytherins, but he was going prepared. James couldn't rightly resist meeting someone who wanted to bash on the Slytherins' crooked win as much as he, though. Then again, he could've been projecting his scathing hatred on the owl, but it didn't matter. Obviously this person was either a snake in disguise, or a bona fide Slytherin-hater. Either way, he would soon find out.
His beloved invisibility cloak was tucked safely away in his Muggle jeans pocket and he had his wand pinned against his side under his shirt as he stood up from the dinner table and waved a hasty good-bye to the other Marauders. If he'd bothered to look around the Gryffindor table, he might've noticed if someone else were equally rushing through a meal, or perhaps even missing. Alas, James was horribly daft when he wanted to be.
The cool night breeze ran through his tousled hair and made it look all the more garish. Messy was a good look for James Potter, all the same. He let the winds run their course over his face for a few blissful minutes before he walked halfway to the Pitch. The cloak was pulled out and thrown over his head, immediately enveloping him in the night and making him one with the air around him. He lightly jogged the rest of the way, wary for any Slytherin traps along the path or surrounding the area. He wasn't sure exactly where to go, so he stuck to the sides of the stands, letting his head peek out from the cloak so that his mystery correspondent would see him if they were truly looking.

domain: literature


text:
Project Appreciation and Objectives
Taste and odour complaints are often tracked back to the presence of aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons, with chemical analysis revealing a spectrum of compounds, usually at low concentrations. Water companies can readily access information on the potential risk to human health of these compounds, but they find it difficult to quickly determine their most likely source, and therefore to stop or prevent further contamination. Individual proprietary or generic hydrocarbon products have characteristic analytical profiles which can be influenced by the contamination route: direct spill, permeation through pipes, through soil, etc; if companies could cross reference to these "fingerprints" then they would be able to more rapidly identify the likely source of contamination.
This project will create a look-up-table of analytical profiles for hydrocarbon-based products (e.g. diesel, petrol, heating oil, domestic solvents and oils) cross-referenced with different sources of contamination (e.g. permeation of plastic pipes, joints and valves). The list will be based on current information from the literature, WRc and the water companies' own experiences, together with controlled laboratory research to establish spectra of hydrocarbons with different products and potential contamination sources.
Business Benefits to Clients
- Quicker resolution of hydrocarbon contamination and a quicker return to the "wholesomeness" of water.
- Identification of likely sources of contamination leading to improved risk mitigation and therefore less likelihood of repeat contamination.
- Less repeat laboratory analysis saving time and money.
- A reduction in customer complaints and reporting to DWI.
- Review of WRc's National Centre for Environmental Toxicology (NCET) enquiries on hydrocarbon contamination known sources to identify any specific "spectrographic fingerprints" of hydrocarbon sources, supported by a literature review of the behaviour of hydrocarbons on water pipes and fittings.
- Collate analytical information and hydrocarbon profiles from manufacturers of common hydrocarbon based chemicals that may end up in the water supply.
- Collate information from relevant water companies' laboratories to determine which analytical techniques are used (so the project output is directly applicable to the water companies' laboratories) and any existing information linking a specific hydrocarbon "fingerprint" to a known contamination source.
- Laboratory-based experiments to establish a "spectrographic fingerprint" of common hydrocarbon based chemicals and the mobility and preferential movement of these chemicals through various water pipes and fittings.
Project Output and Implementation
A look-up-table and decision tree linking the presence/absence of specific hydrocarbons to the most likely source of contamination (product and route). This tool would be used with the UKWIR Toxicity Datasheets by incident managers to minimise the risk and duration of exposure of customers to hydrocarbon contamination.
Related WRc Work
- The Toxicity Advisory Service run by NCET on behalf of UKWIR.
- WRc-NSF runs a standard test for permeation of pipes by organic compounds.


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Let’s look at the many benefits of milk and how it can enrich your diet.
What’s your favorite way to drink an ice-cold glass of milk? With supper, a cookie, maybe by itself? I like it with supper or a good dessert…maybe a Carmel roll, a brownie, or wait…a Chocolate chip cookie! Yum! Really the only thing I have a hard time drinking milk with are things like tuna and egg salad. It just doesn’t work for me.
Did you know that milk is so good for you? Did you think it only brought calcium to the table?
Let’s look at why milk is so good and why it is one of the most nutritious natural drinks you can choose.
Milk has 13 Essential Nutrients
Milk is very rich in protein. A very important macronutrient for your body. Protein helps build and repair tissue and is good support to your immune system.
Milk is very high in B12, and this Vitamin can only be found in animal products. It helps with blood function and also helps keep the nervous system healthy.
Milk is high in calcium. Most people struggle to get the necessary amount of calcium their bodies need…so why not drink some milk. You will get the benefit of calcium which is known for building and maintaining strong bones and teeth.
What does it do? You’ve heard it talked about but never have really heard what it can do for you. Riboflavin is also known as Vitamin B2. This vitamin is used to help in the growth of cells, energy production and breakdown of fats.
A good source of phosphorus which helps with tissue growth and maintaining strong bones and teeth. A nutrient you don’t hear that much about.
Usually, you hear about this vitamin when talking about carrots. Vitamin A, however, is also found in milk. It helps keep your skin and eyes healthy and helps your immune system.
A vitamin that helps build and maintain strong bones including teeth. It also supports your immune system.
Pantothenic Acid helps your body use fat, carbohydrates and protein for fuel…all of which are found in milk!
Niacin also helps turn your food into energy. It is a B vitamin. Most people get plenty of niacin in the foods they eat—like milk.
Zinc is known to help your immune system. It is also known for helping support normal growth and development. Another benefit of zinc is in helping maintain healthy skin.
Selenium helps protect healthy cells, your metabolism and immune system.
Iodine is needed for proper brain and bone development during pregnancy and infants. Also helps your body’s metabolism.
Potassium is known to help maintain a healthy blood pressure. It works with sodium to create a healthy fluid balance throughout our bodies. Potassium works inside the fluid in a cell while sodium works in the fluid outside the body’s cells.
Other benefits of milk in your diet:
Milk is also a great source for carbohydrates. Naturally occurring sugar-not added sugar. The first place your body goes for energy. (You can learn more about carbs in my post “A Positive Look at Carbs”.)
Fat gets labeled as bad…did you know that in moderation fat can benefit the body. It helps the body absorb vitamins A, D, E and K. It also helps provide energy for your body, protects organs, and supports cell growth. Just remember some saturated fats are beneficial but our bodies are shown to need more polyunsaturated or monounsaturated fats.
Such a nutrient rich drink!
Let’s compare Whole, 2%, 1%, Skim and Chocolate. I used Walmart Great Value brand to compare nutrients. It did seem that some brands differed a little in some areas.
|8 oz Serving||Whole||2%||1%||Skim||Chocolate (1%)|
|Vitamin D||10% DV||10% DV||10% DV||10% DV||15% DV|
|Calcium||25% DV||25% DV||25% DV||25% DV||20% DV|
|Potassium||8% DV||8% DV||8% DV||8% DV||10% DV|
Milk is a great part of a balanced diet. Remember too much of a good thing is a bad thing but try to have a glass of milk a day! You can start by making these cookies and having a nice ice-cold glass of milk with them. 😉
Mariah Nienhuis, NDTR
*Note: This post is intended for the general healthy population. It is not personalized nutrition advice and if you are in need of this please visit your doctor/health care professional for specific advice. *
And hast given them this land, which thou didst swear to their fathers to give them, a land flowing with milk and honey; Jeremiah 32:22

domain: food


The applications of electronic equipments have increased in industrial residential and commercial purposes, which use a huge variety of electronic devices. These devices have rectification circuits which causes harmonics and losses. In order to decrease the effect of this distortion, power factor correction circuits are added to the supply input side of equipments. Due to the existence of the input bridge in the PFC rectifier, it limits to enhance the efficiency of the whole circuit. In order to reduce the losses of the rectifier bridge, bridgeless PFC rectifiers are applied. A new bridgeless single-phase AC-DC converter is implemented which have natural power factor correction capability. The studied topology when compared with the other bridgeless topologies have less conduction losses and higher power density as it has the advantage of less component count. This converter design is simple and achieves automatic PFC in an effective manner and works in resonant mode. Enabling window control method is used to give the pulses to the switches. This technique is used to improve the voltage and power by giving high frequency and medium frequency pulses to the two switches. Thus the proposed circuit is simulated using different Control technique called enabling window control and the performance of EWC is obtained and compared with the existing system.


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The beautiful York Chocolate, or York, as it is often called, is a rare and relatively new American cat breed with a lengthy, soft coat and a tapering tail. Most of these cats are chocolate-brown in color. The breed was called after the state of New York, where it was founded in 1983. Breeders used various domestic cats with long hair and mixed origin. They carefully bred them based on their color with the goal of developing this breed. All cat registries do not recognize the breed as a distinct breed. Here's everything you need to know about the cute York Chocolate cat breed.
12 - 18 lb
New York, USA
13 - 15 years
In 1983, a female farm cat named Blacky mated with a long-haired black male named Smokey and accidentally created the York Chocolate breed. Because of their Siamese background, one of the kittens in that litter was brown, and she was named Brownie. The farm owner, Janet Chiefari, took notice of this special kitten, who possessed both charm and good looks.
Brownie had a litter of kittens the following summer. One of her kittens was a semi-longhaired black male with a deep brown undercoat, which was rather unusual. The unusual kitten was named Minky.
Brownie mated with Minky a year later, and they had a solid brown kitten named Teddy Bear. They also had Cocoa, a brown-and-white female.
Chiefari began breeding the cats and disseminating information about them, and in 1990, the experimental breed was accepted. It had CFF Championship status by 1995, as well as Canadian Cat Association Championship status.
Cat Breed Characteristics
This is a giant cat breed with firm muscles and sturdy bones, similar to other traditional farm cats. The York Chocolate has stunning almond-shaped eyes that might be golden, hazel, or green in color. These cats are stunning and have amazing physical characteristics. Still, most of us are drawn to them because of their beautiful coat.
This breed's semi-long, lustrous coat distinguishes it from other farm cats. It is light, silky, and resistant to matting. The undercoat is also very velvety, and the hair on the chest, neck, and upper legs is thicker. The tail is puffy and full, and the paws have tufting between the toes. Within the ears, there is also some feathering.
The first thing to remember is that kittens are much lighter than adult cats, and they may have some barring and tipping. This breed comes in solid chocolate, solid lavender, bicolor chocolate and white, and bicolor lavender and white.
The York Chocolate is a big cat breed. These cats can weigh between 12 and 18 pounds, which is huge for this species. This breed's male cats are often larger than the females.
York Chocolate cats have a calm demeanor and are friendly, clever, curious, and lively. They are also devoted to you and will happily accompany you and follow you across your home. They can be bashful at times, but they are also very gregarious. Unlike other cats, the York Chocolate has a particular fascination with water.
These cats are known for being friendly, but they also love showing affection and will gladly grab a spot in your warm lap. They seek attention and spend as much time as possible with their owners. In fact, these felines will meet you when you return home and purr happily to connect with you.
Other pets and children will get along swimmingly with the York Chocolate. You should actively spend time with them rather than leaving the cat alone to play with their toys. These cats love a lot of playtime that includes interaction with the humans they love most or other pets from the same household. The York Chocolate has a powerful hunting instinct and responds best to moving toys and interactive play.
York Chocolate is generally thought to be very healthy. It isn't known to have as many ailments or illnesses as other breeds. Owners who worry about long-term vet bills should choose this breed. The following are the two key concerns:
- Obesity - Cats that live indoors and generally don't have an active life are prone to obesity.
- Periodontal disease - Periodontal diseases can affect any cat or cat breed. Proper dental hygiene will make sure your York is safe from these issues.
World Cat Finder Team

domain: pet


|Best Overall||hygger Quiet Magnetic Aquarium Wave Maker|
|Best for Variable Flow||Jebao OW Wave Maker Flow Pump with Controller and Magnet Mount|
|Best for a Small Footprint||SICCE Voyager Nano 1000 Stream Pump|
|Best Value||hygger 1050 GPH Aquarium Wave Maker Pump|
|Best for Small to Medium Tanks||Hydor Koralia Nano Aquarium Circulation Pump|
- The #1 Best Overall wave maker is the hygger Quiet Magnetic Aquarium Wave Maker.
- Purchasing a wave maker for your aquarium is important if you want to keep your fish happy and healthy. There are several factors to consider when choosing a wave maker, however, such as flow rate and price. After all, you don’t want a wave maker that is too rough on the fish in your tank.
- Using extensive research on the top-rated picks and reviews, we found the best wave makers available on the market. Our guide to finding the best wave maker will help you figure out which one is the best for your tank.
In nature, fish feel the water moving all around them. Swimming against the current helps them build strength. Circulating water keeps your fish active, increases the oxygen in the tank, and avoids the build-up of waste. Wave makers support living décors such as shells or coral, helping them get the nutrients they need to survive longer. Shells and coral depend on the movement of the water for food as well. That’s why it is so important to prioritize purchasing a wave maker for your tank. However, choosing one is not as simple as you might think.
The size of the wave maker you need will depend on your tank, for example. A general rule of thumb is a turnover rate of 20 to 30 times. For example, a 100-gallon tank would call for a wave maker that can turn over 2000 to 3000 GPH (gallons per hour). However, depending on the kinds of fish, plants, and coral in your tank, you might not need that much flow. To help you choose the best wave maker for your tank, we have taken into consideration the top-rated options available. We’ve made sure to include the best wave makers for a beautiful and dynamic fish tank so that your aquatic life can live healthy lives.
- hygger Quiet Magnetic Aquarium Wave Maker
- Very easy to install
- Comes with different settings for types of waves
- Mimics the cycles of the ocean
- Jebao OW Wave Maker Flow Pump with Controller and Magnet Mount
- Eight possible flow rates
- One-touch feed mode
- Energy efficient
- Silent design
- SICCE Voyager Nano 1000 Stream Pump
- Features an ultra-low-energy SICCE stream pump
- Magnet mounting system
- Easy to take apart and clean
- Comes with a self-cleaning impeller
- hygger 1050 GPH Aquarium Wave Maker Pump
- Features a 360-degree rotating head
- Quiet and efficient
- Improve the oxygen level
- Provides a gentle flow
Top Picks: The Best Wave Maker for Your Aquarium Today
#1. Best Overall: hygger Quiet Magnetic Aquarium Wave Maker
In our review, the overall best wave maker is the hygger Quiet Magnetic Aquarium Wave Maker for its compact size, powerful wave action, and affordable price. Thanks to this wave maker, you can simulate the changeable currents of the ocean and provide a healthy environment for your fish and corals. The design, the flow rate, and the wave pattern are outstanding matches for a nano reef.
You can program the wave maker to use different preset waves in five separate time intervals each day, which mimics the cycles of the ocean. It’s also quiet compared to many other wavemakers on the market. The 1600GPH model is made for a smaller tank of three to 25 gallons. The 2600GPH model fits a medium tank between 26 to 55 gallons. This submersible pump also mounts with a magnet on glass up to 4.7 inches thick.
However, it is important to note that some reviewers found that it sometimes has a tendency to get clogged up — especially with algae. Still, reviewers also mentioned that cleaning it is pretty straightforward.
Pros and Cons of the hygger Quiet Magnetic Aquarium Wave Maker
|Small compact-size wave maker pump.||Some reviewers mentioned that it has a tendency to get clogged from time to time.|
|It features a quiet operation.|
|The controller comes with different programmable wave modes and time intervals.|
|It creates soft waves that mimic ocean waves.|
2. Best for Variable Flow: Jebao OW Wave Maker Flow Pump with Controller and Magnet Mount
The Jebao OW Wave Maker Flow Pump with Controller and Magnet Mount features a wide range of flow rate options. This tiny, silent powerhead is about the size of a golf ball and has eight possible flow rates. Your fish will love the current it creates.
The wired controller has a one-touch feed mode that slows the pump for a period of ten minutes. It allows you to stop the current for feedings, so you don’t waste or lose food to the currents. Available in three power levels for different-sized tanks, this little wave maker is energy efficient in both fresh water and marine water. In addition, mounting the wave maker is actually pretty simple. It has a magnetic suction base that you can stick to your aquarium.
It is also secured with a wear-proof ceramic shaft. This means that this little wave maker will last you for longer as it won’t get tarnished from constant exposure to water. The biggest cons we found with regard to this model are that the LED light can be a bit overwhelming for some fish and it can also be dangerous for smaller types of fish.
Pros and Cons of the Jebao OW Wave Maker Flow Pump with Controller and Magnet Mount
|Features eight different flow rates.||The LED light can be overwhelming for some fish.|
|It can be used in both freshwater and marine aquariums.||Can be dangerous for smaller fish.|
|The wave maker has a magnetic suction base, making it easy to mount in your tank.|
|It has a wear-proof ceramic shaft to keep it lasting for longer.|
- Eight possible flow rates
- One-touch feed mode
- Energy efficient
- Silent design
3. Best for a Small Footprint: SICCE Voyager Nano 1000 Stream Pump
If you’re looking for a wave maker that leaves behind a small footprint, then try out the SICCE Voyager Nano 1000 Stream Pump.
You can easily simulate waves in your tank with the ultra-low-energy SICCE stream pump. This small and quiet wave maker has a magnet mounting system and stays where you aim it. You can mount it on any tank with glass up to ¾ of an inch thick thanks to the strong magnet. With a stainless steel shaft, the SICCE is easy to take apart and clean. You cannot program different flow rates like with some more expensive wave makers, but you can change the flow manually using the flow adjuster. Instead, it makes use of a 360-degree movable rotor. This motor features a flow adjuster to change the flow manually.
Overall, this is a great wave maker if you’re looking for something small that will provide just the right amount of water circulation in your aquarium.
Pros and Cons of the SICCE Voyager Nano 1000 Stream Pump
|The wave maker makes use of an ultra-low-energy stream pump.||You cannot program different flow rates.|
|It comes with a strong magnet that can stick to glass up to ¾ of an inch thick.|
4. Best Value: hygger 1050 GPH Aquarium Wave Maker Pump
The hygger 1050 GPH Aquarium Wave Maker Pump is an excellent option if you’re looking for a high-quality wave maker at a great price. Select the direction of the current through your tank with this ultra-quiet 360-degree rotating head. Strong magnetic brackets pair with suction cups to keep this wave maker attached to your tank. Quiet and efficient, you can create movement and improve the oxygen level in your freshwater or saltwater tank. This wave maker does not have variable flow rates, but you can swivel the head and direct the flow.
Overall, this is a great option if you don’t want to shell out big bucks on a wave maker. It creates gentle waves in your aquarium which will help create a lot of oxygenation in aquariums. With its efficient circulation, your aquatic life will be made healthier thanks to the hygger 1050 GPH Aquarium Wave Maker.
Pros and Cons of the hygger 1050 GPH Aquarium Wave Maker Pump
|The pump features 360° rotation.||It doesn’t have different flow rates.|
|This is a great price for a pump that works well.|
|It helps to improve the oxygen levels in your aquarium.|
5. Best for Small to Medium Tanks: Hydor Koralia Nano Aquarium Circulation Pump
The Hydor Koralia Nano Aquarium Circulation Pump is a compact pump that is perfect for small to medium-sized tanks. You’ll get lots of water movement with this compact design. Easy to adjust position and use, this wave maker is quiet, smooth, and easy to install. Unlike other nano wave makers, the flow isn’t in a narrow cone but creates water movement over a much larger area.
Made in Italy, you can set this wavemaker to work in intervals of seconds, minutes, or hours. It is easy to install it thanks to the magnet-suction cup.
Another amazing feature of this pump is that it is compatible with the Smartwave controller. This type of controller can control many different types of pumps which may be helpful if you have more than one aquarium. Unfortunately, the pump only comes with two different movement programs. However, when you consider the price and overall great function of this wave maker, it is definitely worth getting!
Pros and Cons of the Hydor Koralia Nano Aquarium Circulation Pump
|This is a great option for small to medium-sized tanks as it is compact in size.||The pump only features two different movement programs.|
|The wave maker is quiet in operation.|
|The wave movement covers a larger area than other nano wave makers.|
|You can program the pump to work in different time intervals.|
|It is compatible with the Smartwave controller.|
How to Choose the Best Wave Maker for Your Aquarium
Many novice aquarium tank hobbyists don’t always understand the need for a wave maker. However, the more research you do, the more apparent their need becomes. After all, a great wave maker will help mimic the natural waves of a body of water. The benefits include increasing the oxygen levels of your tank as well as preventing toxins from building up and allowing food to move around the tank.
When choosing the best wave maker, there are three factors you will want to consider. These factors include:
- Does this pump have the right turnover rate for my tank size?
- Can I install it in my tank?
- Does it have the features that matter most to me?
Let’s take a look at these factors in more detail below:
Does This Have the Right Turnover Rate for My Tank Size?
Although you may want a gentler flow in your tank, in general, you want the wave maker to be able to turn over your water 20 to 30 times an hour. So, for a 20-gallon tank, you want about 400 to 600GPH (gallons per hour). Several wave makers come in different speeds and sizes, and you want to make sure and get the right one for your tank. You can also use two in a single tank. So, for a 40-gallon tank, you might use two wave makers that are 400 to 600GPH or a single wave maker at 800 to 1200GPH.
Can I Install It in My Tank?
Many wave makers use a magnet that attaches to either side of the tank’s glass. Some are rated for thicker glass than others, so you want to make sure the magnet is strong enough for your tank.
Does It Have the Features That Matter Most to Me?
You can get a simple wave maker very affordably, but if you want to program different flow rates, you’ll need to spend more. Features that may matter to you include color, size, and whether it is a single rate of flow or can vary.
The 2 Different Types of Wave Makers
When it comes to choosing the right wave maker for your tank, it’s important to note that they can be categorized into two different types. Both of these types have their own pros and cons associated with them. However, you’re going to want to understand these differences in order to make the best purchase decision for your aquarium.
The most common pros and cons include:
- Programmable variable rate — Changes water flow periodically to mimic natural water conditions like rivers and oceans. Some have a one-touch pause to allow for calmer water while feeding. Adaptable to your tank’s fish, plants, and coral. More expensive.
- Constant rate with swivel head — Less expensive. Some can be paired with an automatic timer to turn on and off periodically throughout the day. A simple way to add water movement to any tank. Lacks variability.
The #1 Wave Maker for Your Aquarium FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions)
Why is a wave maker important for my aquarium?
A wave maker is an important part of any aquarium. This is because it is highly beneficial to the fish inside the tank. It helps circulate the water throughout the tank which allows the water to be more oxygenated and also prevents toxic build-up. If you have coral in your tank, a wave maker is even more important. Corals depend on water circulation to prosper.
Can a wave maker harm my fish?
If you are making sure to use a wave maker appropriately, it should not harm your fish. You need to make sure to choose a high-quality wave maker that has the appropriate flow rate for your aquarium’s setup. If the wave maker is too powerful, that’s when you run into issues. Many manufacturers will offer a list of compatible tank sizes for their wavemakers.
Thank you for reading! Have some feedback for us? Contact the AZ Animals editorial team.


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The nation was once again gripped in what turned out to be a very hot debate when Jah Prayzah, the man of the moment, (whose moment has become pretty long actually, to think of it) released yet another song this past week.
The media rolled out a tongue, at least those that are always prone to such, and licked Jah Prayzah as having scored a first and what have you in his ‘‘history making’’ exploits and so on and so forth. There are those that lick the chap so much that one day he may disappear and his status will read ‘‘last seen being licked by so and so’’ . . . but we digress.
The others were rather sober and made a better attempt at making a critique.
There was a deadlock!
The media of those ordained in the Jah Prayzah cult swore by their first commandment that Jah Prayzah had produced a scorcher. After all their first and only commandment is ‘‘Jah Prayzah is always right’’. The others, well they thought Jah Prayzah had messed up big time in both the song “Ronika” and the video.
But is the song truly that bad and has the man from Uzumba really gone off the rails with this new release? Actually, this could be the best song to show the genius of Jah Prayzah in all its full force and might.
Those who tore into Jah Prayzah said his song was a disaster both lyrically and audio-graphically. They just may have a point. Only just.
Jac Mtandwa wrote on social media, Facebook to be precise; “It’s trash . . . below par for one of JP calibre. No message.” Kipa Nemukati and Tinashe Mutero thought it was also hogwash although they tried to delete their thoughts forthwith while Plot Mhako had to reach for his medical aid after falling terribly ill following an encounter, or encounters, with the song.
The thing is, there is a bit of folly in someone who tunes in to a Jah Prayzah song and expects to hear a song pregnant with lyrical artistry and sophisticated messaging that leaves the mid enriched and a tad more sophisticated. Especially since this is a party song and party songs can really lack any coherent meaning but are meant to make someone jump up and down and forget their troubles and other woes.
Expecting such deep lyrics from Jah Prayzah especially is much like someone who is studying towards a degree in philosophy hopping off to the nearest kindergarten library with the hope of finding useful material amongst the books of Winnie The Pooh, Alice In Wonderland or Pinocchio.
Unless you are writing a thesis on the impact of children’s books on their reading patterns and language, you will never find anything there of use. You are looking for the right thing in the wrong place. Or that person. You know? That one person who goes with their scuba diving equipment, straps it on snugly and takes a quiet plunge in the shallow end of a primary school swimming pool. Not a rewarding idea.
Jah Prayzah, like the legendary writers of what is called Nonsense Literature, can hardly stitch together coherent songs with deep meanings which leave one lyrically enriched. Like Edward Lear’s Jabberwocky, the lyrics are there for rhyme and fun and meant to leave someone giddy.
They are lyrics which one can use to train the human child the art of speaking as their first words. Easy to recite while not tough on the brain. They are words you can also use to teach those who have suffered loss of speech in very nasty adult accidents to regain the precious art and, God willing, speak again. But to want him to be a master lyricist; that is not his hallmark as he has no (prolific) history of philosophical deep lyricism.
And expecting him to do so is unfair because that is not his niche. At all!
And so did Jah Prayzah deliver a song with words, phrases that rhyme and can form a sentence? He did and for that he gets full marks in the lyric writing department. End of argument with no possibility of appeal against judgement!
“Ronika na Rokadhiya Ramekin a Mbudziyadhura/Makumbo ndamagura nekutamba ndini ndakonzera . . . ” he sings in the opening verse. That rhymes for certain and means JP has scored maximum points. Others have argued that Jah Prayzah put together a video that was not exactly the golden standard for music video cinematography from casting of the rather chunky girls right down to the general video concept.
The truth is Jah Prayzah made a decent video and was only being compared to himself. The chunky girls could never have been better for what was probably meant to be a dance song. And skinnier and it would have been like watching crochets knitting together a doily. Yet it is the music that many people are and were worried and occupied with. Others said the song was absolute hogwash and ought not be played. That it is a waste of precious resources which he could otherwise have spent on his other ‘‘kids’’ in the stable.
But we all know Jah Prayzah does not spend money on anyone other than himself. Investing in his name at every turn and breath in the Military Touch Movement. He can only be rivalled in the cult creation scene by Jim Jones as everything seems to revolve around him. Even the best song of the moment, ‘‘Pahukama’’, by stable mate Ex Q is a sign of how we pay homage to Jah Prayzah before everyone else. It is Ex Q’s song but it starts with the words; “Jah Prayzah is done…” Brilliant deification. But we digress. It is ‘‘Ronika’’ who we are focussed on.
There is another pressing criticism of Jah Prayzah’s new song, some say it is not catchy at the very first playing. Others have not played it all to the end because it has soured before they got to the end. Others have had a couple of hundred listens and still haven’t felt the ‘that’ in the song.
A few lucky ones like Mai Fara na Faro on Facebook said; “a very hot club song. I’m sure ichatoenda up the charts soon,”
The inclination is to agree with her. With all due respect many, if not most of the songs that became hits for Jah Prayzah started off as difficult to understand and love and then they eventually settled. After that they become scorchers. Jah Prayzah’s music is much like having an ugly baby . . . he grows onto you. No matter how ‘‘ugly’’ he is upon first sight. They have a name for it — a face only a mother can love! And so it is with his music and with time we will all see some beauty in “Ronika”.
But that is not his genius. Remember the notion that Jah Prayzah is selfish and wants ‘‘everything’’? Well that is the genius which “Ronika” exhibits. Jah Prayzah loves winning and to be the best at everything. If “Ronika” doesn’t become the best song this season it will be something else; the worst! Jah Prayzah wants to produce, every year, the best song and the worst song of the year so that he takes all the awards good and bad.
When you are all thinking he made terrible mistakes in Angelo with Jah Cure, My Lilly with Davido and now “Ronika”, it’s just Jah Prayzah ensuring he is a master of everything great and small!
Could there be a better genius?

domain: artistic


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Beethoven tribute concert rescheduled
Pianist Nada Loutfi had planned to pay homage to composers Beethoven, Brahms and Schumann during her Classical Hour performance scheduled for last Sunday — that is until she injured her finger and had to postpone. That concert honoring Beethoven via works by Brahms and Schumann is now rescheduled.
On Sunday, the rescheduled and free concert, starting at 4 p.m. at the Clifton Center, 2117 Payne St., Loutfi will play works that bear Beethoven's influence — Schumann's Sonata in F sharp minor, Op. 11, and Brahms' Sonata in F sharp minor, Op. 2. The performance will be broadcast live on WCHQ 100.9 FM and www.crescenthillradio.com. For more information, call (502) 896-8480 or visit www.nadaloutfi.com or www.cliftoncenter.org.


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Bring the kids to The Arts Place of Stokes this Saturday, June 9th for
THE FAMILY MUSIC PARTY!
CATHY & MARCY are trailblazers in children’s music and have been connecting families through music for over 30 years. Their superb harmoniesare backed by instrumental virtuosity on the
acoustic & electric guitar, fve-string banjo, mandolin, cello banjo, ukulele, steel drum and many other instruments. Over 5,000 shows in performing arts centers, schools, folk festivals, community
centers, libraries and children’s festivals have given Cathy & Marcy the superb skills to deliver a show that is fun, wacky, energetic, participatory and meaningful.
The duo’s latest release, “DANCIN’ IN THE KITCHEN: songs for ALL families” is their 44th release. The songs not only reflect the growing diversity of family structures in the U.S. and around the world, they highlight the idea that families are bound by love, with music celebrating that love and diversity. Four songs on the new CD have received recognition: Cathy’s song ”I Belong To A Family” was a Finalist in John Lennon Songwriting Contest, her song “Twins” was awarded Gold in the Children’s category of the Mid-Atlantic Songwriting Contest and her songs “Dancin’ in the Kitchen” & “I Belong to a Family” were runners up in the same event.
In 2004 and 2005, Cathy & Marcy were awarded back-to-back GRAMMY® Awards for their children’s recordings“ cELLAbration: A Tribute to Ella Jenkins” and “Bon Appétit!: Musical Food Fun!”. The dynamic duo has been further honored by their peers with twelve other GRAMMY® nominations for children’s and folk music. Their catalogue of over 70 audio and video recordings have received additional awards from organizations like Parents’ Choice Foundation, The Oppenheim Toy Portfolio, American Library Association and Early Childhood News. The Washington Area Music Association has honored Cathy & Marcy with over 60 WAMMIE Awards.
Come and experience this entertaining FREE show this Saturday, June 9th at 11 a.m. The Arts Place of Stokes is located at 502 Main Street, Danbury, NC. For more information, call 336-593-8159.

domain: library


Naxal killed in gun-battle with police in Chhattisgarh
Raipur, May 10 (PTI) A naxal was today killed in an exchange of fire with security forces in Rajnandgaon district in Chhattisgarh, officials said.
The incident took place in a forest area near Dudagad village under Bakarkatta police station limits, they said.
A combined team of Indo Tibetan Border Police (ITBP), District Reserve Guard (DRG) and Special Task Force (STF) was on a patrol duty, when the naxals opened fire on them, police officials in Rajnandgaon told PTI over phone.
The security forces retaliated and the exchange of fire continued for a while. After some time, the rebels escaped into the interior parts of the forest.
When the security forces searched the area, they found the body of the naxal. They also recovered a pressure bomb and some naxal-related material from the spot.
The deceased is yet to be identified, police said. PTI SNG NP NP NP


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