Privacy and Ed-tech in 2016
There was a lot of legislative movement for the educational technology (ed-tech) industry in 2015 with states placing additional privacy regulations on the industry, and the effects of those new acts should be felt this year. The states that passed this type of legislation in 2015 were following California’s lead. California’s governor signed the Student Online Personal Information Protection Act (SOPIPA) (2014 Cal SB 1177) back in 2014. Even though these states enacted legislation after SOPIPA, at least one of these acts came into effect before SOPIPA became operative (which was January 1, 2016). Maryland’s Student Data Privacy Act of 2015 (2015 MD H.B. 298) was approved by the governor on May 12, 2015 and took effect July 1, 2015. On August 7, the influential and often business friendly state of Delaware saw its governor approve the Student Data Privacy Protection Act (2015 Del. SS 1 for SB 79). Some of the Delaware act’s provisions became effective upon its enactment into law, but the provisions that have the most impact are effective “August 1 the first full year following the Act's enactment into law”. Georgia’s Student Data Privacy, Accessibility, and Transparency Act (2015 GA S.B. 89) was signed by the state’s governor on May 6, 2015 and will become effective July 1, 2016. Additional states passed similar legislation such as Arkansas and Virginia. According to an article by the National Association of State Boards of Education released last June, 111 state bills “were aimed at establishing better safeguards for the collection, use, and disclosure of student data.” These acts’ influence on ed-tech’s privacy practices, especially those technology vendors doing business with K-12 schools (i.e. operators) may be significant. There are new government restrictions on the collection and use of information and marketing to students, and security requirements. The impact on the privacy practices of businesses as a whole is muted because the acts’ definition of operators is generally defined narrowly. For example, California, Delaware and Georgia’s acts’ definition of “operator” applies to those that have “actual knowledge” that its website/app/service is used for K-12 school purposes and was designed and marketed for K-12 school purposes. But note that Delaware and Georgia’s definition is broader than California’s because those acts add that anyone that does the following is also an operator: collects, maintains, or uses student data (i.e. personally identifiable information) in a digital or electronic format for K-12 school purposes. Maryland’s Student Data Privacy Act of 2015 closely tracks California’s except that Maryland’s does not have the actual knowledge requirement in the definition of “operator,” but it does include that the website/app/service must be “issued at the direction of a public school, a teacher, or any other employee of a public school, local school system, or the Department.” For those ed-tech companies that are deemed “operators,” the effects are wide-reaching. Like California’s SOPIPA, Maryland, Delaware, and Georgia’s new acts restrict operators from “knowingly” engaging in targeted advertising activities, creating a profile of users (except for school purposes), or selling or disclosing student information (except under certain circumstances).
The acts also have security breach provisions. SOPIPA requires that operators implement and maintain reasonable security procedures and practices. Delaware, Georgia, and Maryland adopted language similar or the same as California’s SOPIPA. Although Delaware did set a floor on what reasonable security procedures and practices entail. According to the act, the operator shall “at a minimum, comply with the Department of Technology and Information's Cloud and Offsite Hosting Policy and include the terms and conditions set forth in the Department of Technology and Information's Cloud and Offsite Hosting Template for Non-Public Data.” These acts also have the requirement that the student information be deleted at the request of the school or district.
Some of the statutes set up regulatory bodies and schemes to deal with the newly passed regulations which puts an additional burden on the ed-tech industry. The Georgia act requires that the State School Superintendent designate a “Chief Privacy Officer” who will “assume primary responsibility for data privacy and security policy.” Among the Chief Privacy Officer’s responsibilities are to conduct a privacy impact assessments and establish “model process and policy for any parent to file complaints of privacy violations or inability to access his or her child's education records against the responsible local board of education pursuant to Code Section 20-2-667.” Delaware’s act establishes a Student Data Privacy Task Force “to study and make findings and recommendations regarding the development and implementation of a comprehensive framework to govern the privacy, protection, accessibility, and use of student data within and as part of the State's public education system.”
So what does having these various and varied state laws on the books mean for ed-tech businesses? Because of the national (and even global) market for ed-tech, many operators will probably find it most efficient to be compliant with the strictest aspects of any of these state acts, rather than have state specific services/products. Thus, one provision in a state act can effectively drive changes in the entire industry. Having these privacy acts on the books in several states also increases the ed-tech industry’s liability exposure. The businesses must understand and comply with statutes that are worded and interpreted differently from state to state. In addition, instead of being held liable in just one jurisdiction, those who violate provisions that are the same in several states could find themselves as defendants in many states at the same time. Finally, as discussed above, some of these acts create regulatory bodies. The ed-tech industry now has the extra burden of monitoring and complying with these bodies’ processes, findings and recommendations.
Those that violate the acts could face stiff penalties. For example, in 2012 the California Attorney General brought suit against Delta Airlines and said in her complaint that the Attorney General has powers under the Unfair Competition Law (Cal Bus & Prof Code § 17206) to levy penalties of $2,500 per violation (which according to the California Attorney General, per violation means per download) under the California’s Online Privacy Protection Act of 2003 as amended (CALOPPA) (2003 Cal AB 68). Note that CALOPPA does not have a specific provision for enforcement. Here, SOPIPA also lacks a specific enforcement provision. Thus, it is not too far of a leap to think that the California Attorney General could use the same reasoning to argue that violations under SOPIPA would incur $2,500 penalty per download or student. Delaware’s act gives enforcement authority to the Consumer Protection Unit of The Department of Justice (which is under the Attorney General) under the state’s Consumer Fraud statutes which has a civil penalty of up to $10,000 for each wilful violation (§ 2522 Proceedings brought by the Attorney General). Because this part of the act is not yet effective, it is uncertain whether the Delaware Attorney General (or the Delaware courts) will interpret each violation as each person affected by the violation.
The legislative action for the ed-tech industry is not limited to the states. There were also federal bills introduced in 2015 aimed at regulating student data. These federal bills included S.1341-Student Privacy Protection Act, S.1322 Protecting Student Privacy Act of 2015, H.R.2092 Student Digital Privacy & Parental Rights Act of 2015, and H.R.3157 Student Privacy Protection Act. None of these federal bills have been enacted into law, but they serve as evidence that there is momentum on the federal level to pass new ed-tech regulations. If a new federal law regarding student data is passed, it will add an additional layer of compliance for the ed-tech industry and would most likely make running the privacy and security aspect of their businesses even more complicated.


Tom Artin, trombone, has played throughout the U.S. and Europe with a number of world-renowned jazz groups, including the Smithsonian Jazz Repertory Ensemble and the Louis Armstrong Alumni All-Stars. He played lead trombone in Mel Tormé's big band and was also the house trombonist at Eddie Condon's jazz club in New York for nearly a decade. He currently leads his own sixteen-piece swing band, a traditional jazz band, and Standard Brass, an adventurous seven-piece jazz ensemble.
Violinist Heidi Braun-Hill has been a soloist with Emmanuel Music since 1999, where she has performed more than 150 Bach cantatas. She played in Peter Sellars' production of Bach Cantatas BWV 82 and 199 with Lorraine Hunt Leiberson, and has appeared as concertmaster and soloist with the Chamber Orchestra of Boston, Vermont Symphony Orchestra, Winsor Music, Chameleon Arts Ensemble, and the Warebrook Contemporary Music Festival. She has premiered numerous chamber works, and her recordings appear on the Arsis, Nonesuch, Naxos, and Albany record labels. Ms. Braun-Hill is on the faculty at Phillips Exeter Academy.
Laura Burns, violin, is a member of the Madison Symphony Orchestra and their HeartStrings quartet, which brings live interactive music programs to adults and children with disabilities. She also performs with many local groups including the Oakwood Chamber Players and the Wisconsin Chamber Orchestra. A dedicated teacher, Ms. Burns has taught middle and elementary school strings, and has been a faculty member of Summer Music Clinic (UW-Madison), Prelude Music Academy, and Music Makers, a program that offers violin instruction to economically disadvantaged children.
Pianist Ya-Fei Chuang's appearances include the Beethoven Festival (Warsaw), the European Music Festival (Stuttgart), the Schleswig-Holstein, the Bach Festival Leipzig, and the Ruhr Festival. Ms. Chuang has also performed at the Tanglewood, Ravinia, Gilmore, and Sarasota festivals. She has performed at Berlin Philharmonie Hall, Schauspielhaus Berlin, Gewandhaus Leipzig, Symphony Hall, and Jordan Hall. Her duo partners include Kim Kashkashian, Robert Levin, and Steven Isserlis. Four CDs are soon to be released. Ms. Chuang serves on the faculty of Boston Conservatory, and gives masterclasses at Tanglewood, the Mozarteum in Salzburg, and elsewhere.
Soprano Kendra Colton sings “radiantly and vividly,” according to The New York Times. Trained in the U.S. and Europe, she appears regularly in solo recital, with symphony orchestras, and at major music festivals on both continents. She has developed a niche in the oratorios and sacred works of Bach, Brahms, Haydn, Handel, Mendelssohn, Mozart and Schubert, and is acclaimed equally for her performances of Handel and Mozart operas, as well as for her skill as an interpreter of contemporary music.
Formerly Principal Bassist in the Jacksonville Symphony, Elizabeth Foulser has held titled positions in the Springfield Symphony, New Haven Symphony, and Lancaster Festival Orchestra. She performs regularly with the Boston Pops Esplanade Orchestra, and also plays with the Boston Modern Orchestra Project (BMOP), Boston Lyric Opera, Emmanuel Music, Pro Arte Chamber Orchestra, and the Boston Philharmonic. She has also played with the Boston Symphony Orchestra in Boston and at Tanglewood, Ms. Foulser also maintains a teaching studio and is active as a chamber musician.
Bassist Ross Gilliland has played with the Madison Symphony Orchestra, Wisconsin Chamber Orchestra, Con Vivo!, Oakwood Chamber Players, Bach Dancing & Dynamite Society, Madison Bach Musicians, and with his touring ska band. Mr. Gilliland holds undergraduate degrees in music and physics, and the master's degree in Environmental Policy and Management. He worked at the White House Council on Environmental Quality, and now serves on an advisory board for Seattle Public Utilities, and as an analyst with Equal Opportunity Schools.
Composer John Harbison, pianist, violist, and artistic co-director of the Token Creek Festival, is one of the nation's most distinguished artistic figures. Recipient of the Pulitzer, MacArthur, and Heinz awards, among many others, his current projects include a work for the Metropolitan Opera Orchestra, his fifth string quartet (for the 100th birthday of the Pro Arte Quartet in 2012), and his sixth symphony, for the Boston Symphony Orchestra. He will be resident composer with the Chamber Music Society of Lincoln Center this season, and his opera The Great Gatsby will have its chamber version premiere in February. Mr. Harbison is Institute Professor at MIT.
Rose Mary Harbison, violin, is artistic co-director of the Token Creek Festival. She has been guest artist with the Santa Fe, Aspen, Tanglewood, and Berlin Festivals. With Rudolph Kolisch she founded the Kolisch Ensemble, and she is a founding member of Emmanuel Music Boston. Ms. Harbison taught at Brandeis and MIT, and was a Scholar at the Radcliffe Institute and winner of an Ingram-Merrill Award. She recently presented, with physicist Jack Fry, “Solving the Stradivarius Secret” at the Boston Museum of Science, illuminating Fry's groundbreaking research into the acoustical properties of the world's finest violins, and she is featured on DVD in Kameschwar Wali's new book Cremona Violins: A Physicist's Quest for the Secrets of Stradivari.
Whitacre Hill, horn, holds degrees from the Eastman School of Music and Northwestern University. He has performed with the Harrisburg Symphony, the Rochester Philharmonic, the Heidelberg Schloss-Spiel Orchestra and the Chicago Civic Orchestra. Since moving to Boston, Mr. Hill has performed with the Boston Philharmonic, Rhode Island Philharmonic, Albany Symphony, North Shore Music Theater, and Paramount Brass. He is currently on the faculty of the Boston Conservatory of Music and performs with Emmanuel Music.
Linda Kimball is principal horn in the Wisconsin Chamber Orchestra and associate principal horn of the Madison Symphony Orchestra. She has been a member of Whitewater Brass Quintet since its inception in 1983, and is a founding member of the Artemis Horn Quartet, performing at International Horn Society Workshops and on Wisconsin Public Radio broadcast recitals. She is also a member of UW-Madison's Wingra Woodwind Quintet, and instructor of horn at the University of Wisconsin-Whitewater.
Karl Lavine is principal 'cellist with the Madison Symphony Orchestra and the Wisconsin Chamber Orchestra, and a member of the Milwaukee-based new music ensemble, Present Music. He is also a founding member of the Kepler Quartet, and 'cellist with the HeartStings Quartet, an innovative program of the Madison Symphony designed to address special-needs populations. As a chamber musician Mr. Lavine has performed with faculty members of Lawrence University, Beloit College, the University of Wisconsin-Madison, and with members of the Pro Arte Quartet.
Robert Levin has performed on the modern Steinway with major orchestras throughout the world, and on period pianos with every important baroque and classical orchestra. A noted Mozart scholar, Mr. Levin is renowned for his improvised cadenzas in Classical period repertoire. His completions of Mozart's Requiem, C minor Mass and other unfinished works have been recorded and performed throughout the world. Also a passionate advocate of new music, Mr. Levin has commissioned and premiered a large number of works. He has also recorded extensively. He is Artistic Director of the Sarasota Music Festival, a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and the Akademie für Mozartforschung, and President of the International Johann Sebastian Bach Competition (Leipzig).
Vocalist Nicole Pasternak has been a mainstay in the Northeast for more than twenty years, carving her niche with jazz enthusiasts with a repertoire that embraces the powerful traditions of swing, bebop, Brazilian, ballads and big band music. A natural improviser known for the conversational tone of her lyric delivery, she can be heard frequently in concert, radio and nightclub appearances. Her CDs are widely available.
Violist Jennifer Clare Paulson is a member of the Madison and Green Bay symphony orchestras. She also performs with several improvisational and new music ensembles, including WRACK, Madi Ensemble, Lightbox Orchestra, and the annual Chicago Sound Map series. Ms. Paulson earned the DMA in viola performance at University of Wisconsin-Madison, and teaches studio violin and viola at the UW-Whitewater and at the Madison Music Foundry.
Peggy Pearson, oboe, is winner of the Pope Foundation Award for Outstanding Accomplishment in Music and Artistic Director of Winsor Music Chamber Series. She is a member of the Bach Aria Group and oboist with Emmanuel Music, an organization that performs the complete cycle of sacred cantatas by J.S. Bach. According to The Boston Globe, "Peggy Pearson has probably played more Bach than any other oboist of her generation; this is music she plays in a state of eloquent grace."
Cellist Rhonda Rider, a founding member of the Lydian quartet, with whom she played for more than twenty years, is a member of the celebrated piano trio Triple Helix. Actively touring, she has been heard at international festivals including Concerts Spirituel de Geneve, American Academy in Rome, and Tanglewood. She has performed at the Kennedy Center, Lincoln Center, Wigmore Hall, Moscow Conservatory, Los Angeles County Museum of Art, and the Library of Congress. She is chair of the chamber music department at the Boston Conservatory of Music.
John Schaffer, jazz bass, can be heard regularly in the Madison area with the Paul Muench Quartet, the Michael B.B. Quartet, and the Bill Evans Repertory Trio. He also makes frequent guest appearances with artists such as Jan Wheaton, Michelle DuVall, Doug Brown, Dave Stoler, Kurt Lang and the Madison Jazz Orchestra. He is Professor of Music Theory at UW-Madison, where he has served for fifteen years as Director of the School of Music.
Todd Steward, drums, performs regularly in the Madison area with such groups as the Michael B.B. Quartet, the Madison Jazz Orchestra, CTM Theater Orchestra, Doc DeHaven's Jazz Band, Kelly DeHaven's Misbehavin' Band, Brad Pregeant's New Orleans Low-Down, the Ed Anders Quartet, Five-by-Design, The Dry Martinis, and folk singer Ken Lonnquist. He has also toured the world performing in ten cruise-ship orchestras.
Copyright 2011 Token Creek Festival, Inc.
All rights reserved.


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Photo courtesy of Subway / Composite by MUNCHIES staff
Welcome to Actually, a safe space for us to share our deeply held but likely unpopular opinions about food and drinks.You’re probably already mad at the very premise of this article. I get it. You hate Subway and you want me to hate Subway, too. And I basically do. Or maybe you’re mad because you love Subway and you think I’m going to be unfair here. Either way, let’s just assume that you’re mad.In my opinion, nobody should like Subway. And I’m not alone. Its food isn’t very good, and its branding and commercials suck. Once, someone leaked a photo of an employee resting their bare feet on one of the counters. Another time, Subway got lambasted because someone calculated that its “footlong” sandwiches weren’t even actually a foot long. And I’d have to be convinced by a scientist not on Subway’s payroll that its veggies are actually grown in the earth. On top of it all, franchises aren’t even doing the $5 footlongs anymore, which used to be the one legitimately attractive thing about the menu. Oh, and there’s Jared, which I won’t even get into.
For these reasons alone, any rational person should stay the hell out of Subway for the rest of their life. Alas, I’ve been called many things over the years, but rational has rarely been one of them. There are essentially two scenarios in which I’ll eat at Subway. The first is when I’m driving between St. Louis and Chicago and want to stop around the halfway point for lunch. In that case, the Subway in the Road Ranger Dixie Travel Plaza at mile marker 145 in McLean, IL has been a saving grace more times than I can count. In fact, visiting it has become a sort of ritual for me. I avoid Subway in my day-to-day life, but I’ve conditioned myself (for better or worse) to expect it when I’m going on a road trip through an area where other veggie-friendly chain restaurants like Chipotle, Qdoba, and Potbelly aren’t available. (Please do not @ me about the Burger King Impossible Whopper; I can't take it.) There’s also a 24-hour Subway next door to the place I stay when I’m in Chicago, and I’ve been known to stumble in there after shows, unfulfilling meals, and even dates. I’m not proud of it, but this is who I am.This brings me to my menu item of choice: the Veggie Delite. As a vegetarian sandwich, the Veggie Delite absolutely fails. It comprises only raw vegetables, nothing cooked, and there isn’t even a recommended sauce or topping to tie the flavors and textures together. It’s a medley of cheap salad bar selections without any ‘special’ veggies—come on, Subway, throw us some eggplant, mushrooms, sprouts, zucchini, beets… literally anything!—although you can add the “veggie patty” (for an additional price), which resembles (and tastes like) a salty sponge. The Veggie Delite is truly a lazy sandwich. When compared to a dignified vegetable sandwich at any other fast food or fast-casual restaurant, it’s an abomination. I mean, just look at the Mediterranean sandwich at Potbelly—with artichokes, roasted red peppers, and hummus, it’s a goddamn masterpiece compared to the Veggie Delite.
The reason the Veggie Delite works for me is that I don’t think of it as a veggie sandwich. Since it’s just raw veggies, and because I eat it with the honey mustard and sweet onion dressings, which essentially combine to form a mustard vinaigrette, I’m more or less eating a mediocre house salad served inside of a giant loaf of bread.This is actually the strength of the sandwich. I’m a salad maniac, usually eating at least one salad a day, so when I think of it that way, the Delite delivers. Yes, the vegetables are very bland—on my ideal Delite, I typically combine lettuce, spinach, tomatoes, green peppers, cucumbers, black olives, pickles, jalapeños, and banana peppers—but at least they seem fresh and are always crisp (possibly due to high concentrations of preservatives or some GMO dark arts at play). Either way, in terms of volume, look, and hydration, they are better than the veggies at most fast food places. The sandwich is not entirely flavorless—notes of pickled peppers, savory black olive, and cool waves of cucumber do come out, and that’s something. Look, the watery, mushy tomatoes and wilted lettuce you’ll find at any burger joint is enough to turn one off to produce forever. Woe betide those who get their vegetables from a Whopper or a Big Mac.In spite of everything negative I’ve said about Subway and its Veggie Delite, the sandwich really does represent something positive to me: an actual modification-free option for vegetarians and vegans, which I appreciate since I’m the latter when I’m not drunk or trying something for work. Subway’s silver lining is that it’s a fast food restaurant where carnivores and vegans can dine together with neither party having to make a major sacrifice. In a sea of horrifyingly unhealthy fast food options, this sandwich is a rare safe haven for those who want to eat a plant-based meal. That said, it’s a shame that this is currently probably the only legitimate vegetable-forward sandwich option at a top 20 American fast food restaurant chain (hit me up if I’m wrong here, but again, do not mention the Impossible Whopper). Anyway, at least Subway is trying.I only eat the Veggie Delite a few times a year, but damn, do I look forward to it. In fact, I’m going up to Chicago in a few weeks, and you can bet your ass I’ll be eating one of these sandwiches on the way. Sitting outside the Road Ranger Dixie Travel Plaza in my parked Jetta with the air conditioning on (because I deserve it), I’ll enjoy the lovely combination of a footlong Veggie Delite, a 32-ounce fountain Coke Zero, and a bag of regular Baked Lay’s. And you know what? I’ll probably be listening to a food podcast while I’m doing it, most likely one where they’re talking about high quality produce, bread, or dressings.Oh, the irony. Rabbit food, you may say. Garbage, you may say. I hear you. But to me, it’s just fine.

domain: food


Elephone C1 Max. One of the high-end smartphones of Elephone has an improved version. For those users who do not settle for anything.
Download the Manual and User Guide of Elephone C1 Max
If the C1 already had a rather generous display, the C1 Max increases it up to 6. “This feature can be seen as an improvement or as the opposite, since a smartphone of that size is somewhat inconvenient to carry and handle. Watching movies and series is a real wonder, there is no such thing, but that size with HD resolution will seriously trouble the 2850 mAh battery. If you do with it, do not forget to buy an external battery.
Leaving this issue aside, the interior is quite powerful: MediaTeK M6737 quad-core processor with 2 GB of RAM. Enough power to give Android Nougat the fluency it deserves. We also have 32 GB of internal storage and microSD expansion to add another 64 GB.
The cameras do not change with respect to the C1 and we have a main with sensor of 13 MP and a frontal with 5 MP. Capture video in Full HD 1080p and decent selfies to flood social networks.
The design is almost identical to the original device but varies in thickness. While the C1 was 8.5 millimeters, in this it reduces to 7.5 millimeters that make it much more comfortable to the touch.
So you do not miss anything, it has 4G connection, Dual Sim and USB OTG port to use peripherals such as USB or keyboards.
In short, a smartphone with very good numbers that with the price you have only need a user manual in PDF to finish convincing many users undecided. Let’s hope it does not take long to publish it.


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MILLIONS of cash-strapped family members will certainly obtain aid with rising power rates, Boris Johnson ultimately claimed last evening.
Yet the PM put cool water on junking VAT on expenses– calling it a “blunt tool” which will certainly not concentrate on one of the most clingy.
Cash-strapped family members will certainly obtain assist with power costs, Boris Johnson stated No 10 Downing Street/ BEEM He had actually assured to ditch the fee in
the Brexit mandate as a crucial bonus offer of leaving the EU. Faced by The Sun on the rising cost-of-living dilemma and also his 2016 promise to reduce VAT on gas and also power, the PM urged:”
I’m not dismissing additionally steps. “As Well As the Mr Johnson guaranteed he would certainly”
do what we can to aid “. Big walks in the price of power as well as gas are readied to press the power rate cap up by thousands of extra pounds to ₤ 2,000 a year. It is presently at a record-breaking ₤ 1,277.
Power rate surges will certainly come with the very same time as big National Insurance walks– which begin in April– as well as in the middle of rising cost of living.
Ratings of Tory MPs and also Labour have actually prompted Mr Johnson to lower VAT to assist reduce the impending situation.
' RIDE IT OUT Boris states NO lockdown & ' it ' s much from over however we CAN cope with it ' MUM ' S AGONY I brought my child to Britain for' a much better life-currently he ' s
'going residence in a casket CLASS DISMISSED School shuts whole
year team with simply 24hrs ' notification in disorder for moms and dads

domain: news


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Lots of you know Arthur’s Acres Animal Sanctuary’s catchphrase; “peace love and pigs”. I worked with Todd, the founder, to create a heart art colorful design that he can then put on hoodies and magnets.
I always start with a sketch. I was originally making the word “love” on a long pig shape. You can see the ears and nose! I thought I had worked it out on paper so I proceeded to the good watercolor paper.
But after I made it I didn’t quite think it was right so I started all over again!
This is the first draft of that design, kind of historical if you’re an AAAS fan!! 💜💙💚💛🧡❤
10” x 11” mixed media, watercolor and inks on watercolor paper. (*some yellow ink in the top right corner, love marks! - see photo)
All artwork and images are copyright of Allison Luci Art, aka Allie for the Soul.

domain: design


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Remove the deep fascia covering the lateral aspect of the leg and identify the muscles of the lateral crural compartment. They are the peroneus longus muscle and peroneus brevis muscle.
The peroneus brevis muscle arises from the lower two-thirds of the lateral surface of the fibula and inserts, via its tendon, into the tubercle on the base of the fifth metatarsal bone.The peroneus longus muscle takes origin from the upper two-thirds of the lateral surface of the fibula and inserts into the medial cuneiform and the base of the first metatarsal. Follow the tendons of peroneus longus and brevis muscles as far distally into the foot as your dissection will allow. Pull on these tendons to demonstrate that the principle function of the peroneus longus and brevis muscles is to evert the foot (which aides in stability of the foot when walking on uneven terrain).
Links and References:

domain: medical


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News Corp is a network of leading companies in the worlds of diversified media, news, education, and information services.
Coronavirus cluster sparked in pub in May despite all bars being shut
Kildare, Laois and Offaly lockdown - What you can and can't do
Supermac's open seventh motorway plaza in Portlaoise creating 120 new jobs
Hotel bosses brand stimulus plan an insulting 'circus gimmick'
59 potential breaches of Covid regulations in pubs and restaurants
McDonalds reopen 32 restaurants nationwide including Grafton Street and Galway
Popular Temple Bar restaurant Boxty House closes indefinitely after 32 years
Gardai to monitor pubs and restaurants for compliance with Covid-19 measures
Traveller gang who tried to rob restaurant owner have plans foiled by cops
TD Micheal Healy-Rae says rural pubs fear they'll pay for busy scenes in Dublin
Tourism sector reels after July 9 travel plan binned and faces 200k job loss
RTE star Ryan Tubridy poses with Guinness 'comeback pint' as pubs reopen
Irish Sun toasts Covid-19 freedom in Dublin city as we visit string of bars
People urged to spend in pubs and cafes as Ireland faces 'unemployment crisis'
What punters can expect as pubs reopen but some owners holding back


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Maybe this hints at the actual mechanism we should focus on, rather than "rain":
"In total, 1492 samples comprising of water, leaf and fecal matter were collected for the analysis."
I've read people saying they drive past commercial fields with workers taking a dump right in the field.
Any home gardeners who do that should not harvest right after rain!
Or, if the fields were recently manured with raw manure, I would hope they would have mentioned that in the paper! But I think there are federal regs about how long you have to compost before applying manure.
Having mulch under leafy crops always sounded smart to me.

domain: agronomy


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Has anyone missed fabric friday as much as me? Probably just me but that's fine too. This week some of my favorites come from Heather Bailey at Heather Bailey Online. I want to make a quilt out of these fabrics so badly. They seem perfect for a hot July night picnic. Alas, I should use the fabrics I have in my stash, but soon they will be mine.
Also check out Heather's blog (also over at the side), she has a beautifully designed site to match her fabulous fabric. Almost too much to take in.

domain: hobby


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8:37-38 I know that you are offspring of Abraham; yet you seek to kill me because my word finds no place in you. I speak of what I have seen with my Father, and you do what you have heard from your father.”
Who’s Your Daddy?
Now Jesus turns to address their confusion, and while He acknowledges that they are the physical offspring of Abraham, yet they are obviously missing the point, so He uses this as an opportunity to teach them something about Abraham, something about themselves, something about the Himself, and something about the Fatherhood of God.
First let’s address these Pharisees and their relation to Abraham. They may technically be descendants of Abraham by genealogy, but that is missing the point – and they are probably claiming much more. As Calvin explains:
What they continually claim and vaunt of is, that they are Abraham’s children; by which they do not simply mean that they are the lineal descendants of Abraham, but that they are a holy race, the heritage of God, and the children of God. And yet they rely on nothing but the confidence of the flesh. But carnal descent, without faith, is nothing more than a false pretense.
Furthermore, Paul points out that coming from the seed of Abraham was not necessarily the only qualification for being a spiritual (chosen) child of God (Gen. 21:9-10; Rom. 9:7; Gal. 4:21-31). Their sinfulness exhibits the very reason they cannot be rightfully called sons of Abraham.
Paul explains that there was a reason why Abraham received his promises prior to Israel even becoming a nation. These people are claiming that they are part of the genealogical nation of Israel – “we are Jews” they are saying. But they do not understand that the promise of Abraham being a Father to many nations came prior to the existence of Israel. Here is what Paul says in Galatians:
Know then that it is those of faith who are the sons of Abraham.  And the Scripture, foreseeing that God would justify the Gentiles by faith, preached the gospel beforehand to Abraham, saying, “In you shall all the nations be blessed.”  So then, those who are of faith are blessed along with Abraham, the man of faith. (Galatians 3:7-9)
Calvin further illumines our minds as to what is at stake here:
The state of the question therefore is this: Ought they to be accounted Abraham’s children who reject the blessing offered to them in the word, so that, notwithstanding of this, they shall be a holy nation, the heritage of God, and a royal priesthood? (Exodus 19:6; Joel 3:2.) Christ denies this, and justly; for they who are the children of the promise must be born again by the Spirit, and all who desire to obtain a place in the kingdom of God ought to be new creatures. Carnal descent from Abraham was not indeed useless, and of no value, provided that the truth were added to it. For election dwells in the seed of Abraham, but it is free, so that all whom God sanctifies by his Spirit are accounted heirs of life.
Second, they miss this first point not because they weren’t as smart as Paul, but because His word “finds no place in (them).” This tells us something about them as a people. They are unregenerate haters of God. This is simply the inverse of what He said in verse 31 when He said that His disciples would be ones who “abided” in His word. These people are not His disciples, therefore His word (the very word of God) found no place in them.
Here is what Paul says in 1 Corinthians:
For the word of the cross is folly to those who are perishing, but to us who are being saved it is the power of God. (1 Corinthians 1:18)
Thirdly, He makes yet another astounding claim to deity. I explained earlier how He made a veiled claim at deity when He said in verse 14 “Even if I do bear witness about myself, my testimony is true, for I know where I came from and where I am going, but you do not know where I come from or where I am going.”
We had concluded that He was essentially saying that His word could be trusted because He was the Son of God. He had come from God, and was indeed God.
Here is more explicit and says that what He is stating is true because “I speak of what I have seen with my Father.” This is sort of an escalation in His dialogue from the implicit to the explicit. Now He is claiming outright to have seen God.
If their minds were able to move as quickly as Christ’s, the Pharisees would have seen that in this short saying Jesus was stating:
1. He has seen God with His own eyes – something no mere mortal can do. Only the Son can be pros ton theon (with/facing God) and live.
2. He is saying that God the Father is “my Father” – He is claiming divine sonship.
This reminds me of what the angel said to Zachariah in Luke 1:
And Zechariah said to the angel, “How shall I know this? For I am an old man, and my wife is advanced in years.” And the angel answered him, “I am Gabriel. I stand in the presence of God, and I was sent to speak to you and to bring you this good news. And behold, you will be silent and unable to speak until the day that these things take place, because you did not believe my words, which will be fulfilled in their time.” (Luke 1:18-20)
The main reason that the angel said he was to be believed was due to what he had seen and heard – where he had just come from, the throne of God. Jesus is saying the same thing here, He is saying that He is testifying to the truth of what He has seen and heard from the God of the Universe Himself, the great I AM. He has come down from the throne room of the Lord of heaven and earth and is therefore to be believed.
The last thing Christ says, and we’ll get into this a little further down in the chapter, is that there’s a difference between His father and their father.
Clarke cites Lightfoot and helps prime the topic:
From what is here said, it is manifest, says Dr. Lightfoot, that the whole tendency of our Savior’s discourse is to show the Jews, that they are the seed of that serpent which was to bruise the heel of the Messiah: else what could that mean, John 8:44: Ye are of your father the devil, i.e. ye are the seed of the serpent.
8:39-41a They answered him, “Abraham is our father.” Jesus said to them, “If you were Abraham’s children, you would be doing the works Abraham did,  but now you seek to kill me, a man who has told you the truth that I heard from God. This is not what Abraham did. You are doing the works your father did.”
The trust of this passage is that the Pharisees are still completely baffled by what Jesus is getting at. They don’t quite know where He is going with this line of argument, but they don’t like it one bit. Jesus is also saying that while they might (rightfully even) claim to be descendents of Abraham, they are not behaving like children of Abraham. Christ excoriates them for their behavior – particularly their murderous intent.
Therefore, Christ is saying, “you might be physical descendents of Abraham but you are not acting like God’s people. You are trying to murder yet another man who has been sent from God – a man who has heard the very words of God. Abraham never would have behaved in this way.”
This reminds me of what Christ said to them at another time when in the temple:
“Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! For you build the tombs of the prophets and decorate the monuments of the righteous,  saying, ‘If we had lived in the days of our fathers, we would not have taken part with them in shedding the blood of the prophets.’  Thus you witness against yourselves that you are sons of those who murdered the prophets.  Fill up, then, the measure of your fathers.  You serpents, you brood of vipers, how are you to escape being sentenced to hell?  Therefore I send you prophets and wise men and scribes, some of whom you will kill and crucify, and some you will flog in your synagogues and persecute from town to town,  so that on you may come all the righteous blood shed on earth, from the blood of righteous Abel to the blood of Zechariah the son of Barachiah, whom you murdered between the sanctuary and the altar.  Truly, I say to you, all these things will come upon this generation. (Matthew 23:29-36 ESV)
Adoption – A Wonderful Doctrine!
So contrary to the words of those who are under the control of the Devil, the sway of this world, and their flesh are the works of those who are God’s children.
There is a misconception in the world today among many practicing evangelical Christians, and also among many other religions leaders and followers of other religions. The misconception is this: that we are all “children of the same God.” You here this kind of language used a lot with the hopes of sounding ecumenical and peaceful and loving toward others. But we cannot love others if we lie to others.
J.I. Packer clears the air on this in his classic book ‘Knowing God’, he says:
The idea that all are children of God is not found in the Bible anywhere. The Old Testament shows God as the Father, not of all, but of his own people, the seed of Abraham. “Israel is my first born son,…Let my son go” (Ex. 4:22-23). The New Testament has a world vision, but it too shows God as the Father, not of all, but of those who, knowing themselves to be sinners, put their trust in the Lord Jesus Christ as their divine sin-bearer and master, and so become Abraham’s spiritual seed. “You are all sons of God through faith in Jesus Christ…You are all one in Jesus Christ. If you belong to Christ, then you are Abraham’s seed” (Gal. 3:26-29). Sonship to God is not, therefore, a universal status into which everyone enters by natural birth, but a supernatural gift which one receives through receiving Jesus. (‘Knowing God’ – Chapter 19)
Furthermore, in his first epistle, John gives us more reason to believe Packer’s words:
See what kind of love the Father has given to us, that we should be called children of God; and so we are. The reason why the world does not know us is that it did not know him.  Beloved, we are God’s children now, and what we will be has not yet appeared; but we know that when he appears we shall be like him, because we shall see him as he is. (1 John 3:1-2)
God’s love, as described by the apostle John, would not be anything distinguishing or amazing if it were given to all mankind. In fact John makes a distinction between those of the world, and those who are children of God. That alone ought to dispel any lingering notion of the entirety of humanity being God’s children.
But far apart from what sonship is not, Packer reminds us of the awesome privilege of being called sons of God. What an amazing thing to meditate upon. It is certainly one of the Bible’s most wonderful truths!
8:41b They said to him, “We were not born of sexual immorality. We have one Father—even God.”
This is a nasty little hint that they are making – essentially some commentators say that they’re hinting that Jesus Himself was born of sexual immorality. I’m not sure if this is because of His unknown origins, or because of nasty rumors spread about Him. Either way, they are now dipping down past a real debate on the issues and into a nasty exchange of slurs against Jesus.
And this is pretty typical, if you think about it, in a debate when one is losing the high ground. In desperation the man slipping from his sure debate footing resorts to a personal attack instead of backing up his facts, or exposing his challenger’s premises as false etc. They have no more fact to resort to; they are completely empty of sound argument.
Lastly, we see that their hubris knows no bounds. In their stupidity, they go so far as to assert that they are children of the Most High. Thus, they have set themselves up for the final lesson of the discourse on the nature of the Fatherhood of God.
8:42 Jesus said to them, “If God were your Father, you would love me, for I came from God and I am here. I came not of my own accord, but he sent me.
Jesus reiterates that He came from God, and that God sent Him, which He has stated before. But He also addresses their claim at a familial relationship with the Most High.
John says this later in his first epistle:
Whoever says he is in the light and hates his brother is still in darkness.  Whoever loves his brother abides in the light, and in him there is no cause for stumbling.  But whoever hates his brother is in the darkness and walks in the darkness, and does not know where he is going, because the darkness has blinded his eyes. (1 John 2:9-11)
These men were still in darkness and therefore they hated Jesus. Can this be anymore plain? I think not. Those who are not saved, not born again, hate instead of love. They persecute instead of protect, they harbor darkness in their hearts instead of confessing their sins to God their Father. The contrast is clear and evident from their behavior – that is the essence of what Christ is saying to them here.
Application…this leads me to look inwardly and wonder at how often I have acted as one who is an unbeliever. How often, with coolness in my demeanor, have I slandered my brother? How often have I showed hatred instead of love? What about you? Do you find that you are not showing love to one another? There ought to be nothing but love for all who are believers. If someone is wrong, if someone has sinned, approach them in love with a sincere heard because you love them. I think so often we grow up cold. We need to never cease to find ways to shower one another in love. Let us think actively on how we can show each other love. Here is what Paul said in Romans:
Love one another with brotherly affection. Outdo one another in showing honor.  Do not be slothful in zeal, be fervent in spirit, serve the Lord.  Rejoice in hope, be patient in tribulation, be constant in prayer.  Contribute to the needs of the saints and seek to show hospitality. (Romans 12:10-13)
8:43 Why do you not understand what I say? It is because you cannot bear to hear my word.
This is a repetition of what he said earlier in verse 37 – namely that His word had found no place in them. Not only can they not understand what he is saying, they cannot even bear to hear what he is saying! It causes them revulsion inside. For what fellowship has light with darkness (2 Cor. 6:14)?
8:44 You are of your father the devil, and your will is to do your father’s desires. He was a murderer from the beginning, and does not stand in the truth, because there is no truth in him. When he lies, he speaks out of his own character, for he is a liar and the father of lies.
Now we come to it, Jesus makes it plane exactly who their father is, and you can bet that they aren’t going to like what He says. Sometimes I think it’s easy to gloss over this. We wince a little bit, and then move on. We think, “Wow Jesus, that’s pretty harsh! Did you really have to go that far? I mean you basically said it, you inferred it, but did you have to actually SAY it???” You bet He did! You see, when a great truth is being explained in the Bible, the way writers and teachers would make sure that the listener understood a topic’s importance would be to continually repeat the explanation or the key points over and over.
Teachers in Jesus’ day would repeat their key points because, chances are, their listeners weren’t taking notes – they were having to mentally memorize all that they said. So here we have something that, while it seems harsh (and indeed it is), is an important truth coming from the embodiment of truth Himself.
So Jesus is saying that far from simply living in darkness and not loving His words, they also love to do the will of the one who is the dominant force for evil in this world, namely, the Devil. In John 3 we read a little about this:
And this is the judgment: the light has come into the world, and people loved the darkness rather than the light because their works were evil.  For everyone who does wicked things hates the light and does not come to the light, lest his works should be exposed.  But whoever does what is true comes to the light, so that it may be clearly seen that his works have been carried out in God.” (John 3:19-21)
The next important thing Jesus lets us in on here is a little history about the person we know as Satan. We learn two important things about Satan:
- He is a liar – it is in his very nature to be a liar
- He is a murderer – and has been from the beginning
Let me address each characteristic.
Satan is a Liar
Lying is Satan’s chief tool. We read about this all over the Bible, but since Christ pointed to “the beginning” here, let’s take a look at his first recorded (spoken) lie:
Now the serpent was more crafty than any other beast of the field that the LORD God had made. He said to the woman, “Did God actually say, ‘You shall not eat of any tree in the garden’?”  And the woman said to the serpent, “We may eat of the fruit of the trees in the garden,  but God said, ‘You shall not eat of the fruit of the tree that is in the midst of the garden, neither shall you touch it, lest you die.’”  But the serpent said to the woman, “You will not surely die.  For God knows that when you eat of it your eyes will be opened, and you will be like God, knowing good and evil.” (Genesis 3:1-5)
And so we see here that ever since the beginning of time, Satan has been lying to human beings. Why? Because it is in his character to do so, and because he has an end-goal…which we’ll talk about next…
Satan is a Murderer – and Christ Conquered Him at the Cross
As we continue on in Genesis 3 we read the following:
The LORD God said to the serpent, “Because you have done this, cursed are you above all livestock and above all beasts of the field; on your belly you shall go, and dust you shall eat all the days of your life. I will put enmity between you and the woman, and between your offspring and her offspring; he shall bruise your head, and you shall bruise his heel.”(Genesis 3:14-15)
I have briefly talked about this passage in the past, this is what theologians call the protoevangelium because it is the “first Gospel” message in the Bible. In this passage we hear God cursing Satan, and we learn that Satan’s fate is sealed. One day he will receive a permanent blow to the head. This will come from the Son of Man – the Christ, Jesus Himself – and indeed this blow came at the cross.
But we also learn from this passage that there is enmity between mankind and between Satan. This word enmity is a war-like word, it is a murderous word, it means “hatred” and is the signaling of war between Satan and the mankind – specifically between Satan and those who are God’s elect here on earth.
As we see above Satan is a liar, but the reason he is a liar is because his intention is to kill all of the offspring of Adam, especially God’s elect. He is a murderer, Christ says, and he has been since he first deceived Adam and Even.
So make no mistake about this: Satan is not interested in simply tripping you up so that you won’t be a kind, gentle person who is nice to their neighbors. No, while that is certainly on his agenda, his goal is your death – especially your spiritual death.
However, when Christ came and died on the cross He dealt a fatal blow to Satan. He conquered sin and He conquered death as well. Satan, who had the power of death, no longer had that power. Spiritual death was no longer in the cards for everyone. In fact, low and behold, all who were the saints come before were also given the righteousness and life that Christ earned during His life and death here on earth!
This is important to understand. Christ fulfilled this promise on the cross. Satan’s power has been dramatically impugned. Listen to what Christ says:
Now is the judgment of this world; now will the ruler of this world be cast out. (John 12:31)
Elsewhere Christ explains in a parable that He has bound and curtailed Satan’s activity here on earth:
But if it is by the Spirit of God that I cast out demons, then the kingdom of God has come upon you.  Or how can someone enter a strong man’s house and plunder his goods, unless he first binds the strong man? Then indeed he may plunder his house. (Matthew 12:28-29 ESV)
John explains this further in his first epistle, and also echoes Christ’s words on Satan’s character:
Whoever makes a practice of sinning is of the devil, for the devil has been sinning from the beginning. The reason the Son of God appeared was to destroy the works of the devil. (1 John 3:8)
In fact, in both Revelation 12 and Revelation 20 Satan is seen as cast down from his lofty perch, as Christ has come at His first advent. Robert Strimple explains:
Revelation 12 describes a restraint placed on Satan at Christ’s first coming. Satan wanted to destroy the woman and her child, but could not. Accompanying these events was a heavenly battle in which Satan was cast down from heaven. Might Rev 20 be a recapitulation of his? In both places Satan is “cast down” by an angel or angels.
As a side note, some might wonder, “if Satan has been bound as Scripture says he is, then why are there so many trials and death and such still among the people of God, and in the world in general?” Strimple explains in outline form:
Evidence that Revelation 20:1 is a Figurative Representation of Christ’s Victory Over Satan at the Cross
- At the cross Satan was bound – but not absolutely. Similarly, Rev. 20 says that Satan is bound, but adds: that he might deceive the nations no longer. The word, ethn(“nations”) was used by the Jews to designate the Gentiles. Hence, Rev 20 links Satan’s binding with the arrival of salvation for the Gentiles in the present age.
- Jesus did commission the mission to the gentiles (Acts 26:17-18)
- Our struggle with evil powers (Eph 6:11-12) is not inconsistent with their being bound: Jude 6, 2 Pet 2:4, Rev 9:14 all speak of the fallen angels being bound, awaiting punishment. But this does not mean that they are not active.
Therefore the blow has been dealt, and the end of Satan will come at the close of the age, when Christ consummates his kingdom and destroys Satan forever.
Lastly, this may seem obvious, but listen to how Christ talks about “the beginning.” He is talking as one with authority. He is talking as if He has been their Himself! As so He was. I don’t know if this was lost on His listeners at the time, but its significant for what we’ll be reading next week, because Christ is leading up to an amazing statement in verses 56 and 58 that is about to blow their minds.
Side Note: One of the things that Jesus is doing here is layering His argument. He gives them a little something, and then a little more, and little by little as He peals back the layers on the onion you begin to realize that He is teaching several very profound truths here one on top of another, and each truth becoming clearer and clearer as He goes, all leading to the ultimate truth which we’ll read about next time in verse 58.
8:45 But because I tell the truth, you do not believe me.  Which one of you convicts me of sin? If I tell the truth, why do you not believe me?  Whoever is of God hears the words of God. The reason why you do not hear them is that you are not of God.”
In verse 47 we see a repetition of what Christ has said earlier, namely that because they are not from God they do not understand what He is saying. John later wrote in his epistle:
Who is the liar but he who denies that Jesus is the Christ? This is the antichrist, he who denies the Father and the Son. No one who denies the Son has the Father. Whoever confesses the Son has the Father also. (1 John 2:22-23 ESV)
But there is more ground here that we haven’t covered. Namely, that He is claiming absolute sinlessness, and He is giving them a reason for why they don’t believe them in a way that we ought to meditate upon.
Look at verse 45, but especially the word “because” – if this word were omitted, then we would simply have two factual statements:
- That He is telling the truth
- That they don’t believe Him
Only when we consider the word “because” are we let into the stinging reason they don’t believe Him, and this reason ties in everything we have talked about earlier with regard to their nature, their not being born again, and the nature of Satan himself.
He says that the reason they don’t believe Him, is “because” He tells the truth! It isn’t that He’s saying that they don’t’ believe Him because they don’t like what He says, or because its antithetical to their behavior or their background or learning. No He is more acute than that. He is saying that simply on the basis of His telling the truth they weren’t going to believe Him.
Their minds would therefore only accept the antithesis of truth – thus explaining further why their father was the father of lies (Satan). They only accept that which is untruth and when they are encountered with the truth (the very truth incarnate in this case) they reject it outright because it is against all that they are, their mindset, their nature, their habit is against God’s truth, so far are they away from being children of God. They are, in fact, the very antithesis of what God wants for His children.
A Warning to Heed, and a Blessing to the Praise of God
These men could not hear the words of God because they were enemies of God, as you were once as well. If you have heard the words of God and have repented of your sins and become reconciled to God in Christ, you have also been adopted. That is the message of this passage. The promise of Christ is that for all who hear His words and believe on Him will be saved – and will also be brought into a glorious new family. Listen finally to the words of Packer:
This free gift of acquittal and peace, won for us at the cross of Calvary, is wonderful enough, in all conscience – but justification does not of itself imply any intimate for deep relationship with God the judge. In idea, at any rate, you could have the reality of justification without any close fellowship with God result.
But contrast this, now, with adoption. Adoption is a family idea, conceived in terms of love, and viewing God as father. In adoption God takes us into his family and fellowship – he establishes us as his children and heirs. Closeness, affection and generosity are at the heart of the relationship. To be right with God the Judge is a great thing, but to be loved and cared for by God the father is a greater.
It’s coming up on Christmas time, and this always reminds me of the great gift that God gave the world in His Son. The doctrine of Adoption says that not only do we receive the gift of salvation, but also of brotherhood with Christ and the fatherhood of the Most High. Lastly, we know that because of this Christ receives us as a love gift from the Father. The elect of God are His gift to His son. We have been purchased and adopted by the Father. A gift planned for Jesus from the beginning of time! An amazing thought to meditate upon this Christmas season.

domain: literature


text:
The episode begins with Lucien sitting on his bed and counting his worms but he get's distracted by a sound coming from his closet. Inside the closet he finds Tony trying out his tie, he tells him that he needs clothes, nice clothes and also some "nice smelling spray". Lucien is curious to why Tony needs all this and he asks him. Tony then tells him that he's getting married. He goes to the bathroom and takes the cap off a perfume bottle and uses it as a top hat. Lucien is still amazed by the news and tells Tony that he's way to young to get married. He doesn't care about that and tells Lucien that she already wrote him a love letter and he likes love letters. He also tells Lucien that swamp folk usually get married at a young age. Tony is mad that Lucien is not happy for him and goes inside his room and slams the door, Lucien responds by slamming the bathroom door. Wayne hears it and decides to join the fun. He asks them what's going on and Tony tells him that he's getting married and he can be his best man, he also tells him that cake will be served at the wedding. Wayne accepts which leaves Lucien sad.
Lucien feels sorry for making Tony feel bad and decides to bring him more "outfits". He gets to his house and asks Mr. Parsons about him. He tells him that Tony is at shopping for more things at the mall. Rest of the plot is to be added soon.
- This episode was written by Brian Wood, the shows creator and produced by Denise Green.

domain: artistic


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In the true thespian spirit of “the show must go on”, leading actor Stuart Guest overcame a bout of food poisoning on the production’s final day, Thursday, to take to the stage as Billy, the eponymous dreamer.
Anna Loveday curriculum director of music, creative arts and sport at the college, said: “We were nearly on the brink of cancelling the play but he pulled himself together and got on with it.
“It went fantastically. Better than our widest dreams. I thought Sweet Charity went well last year but this was better in some ways. It was different and the cast was different.
“The band was mostly made up of music students but the cast was students from throughout the college. It really fitted our requirements and played to the strengths we have. It was fun as well and it really appealed to the sense of humour of the students.”
Following last week’s successful run the students will take to the stage again in February for the college’s annual concert, this year entitled An Evening of Note.
The concert will include a wide variety of music from classical and jazz to pop and classic songs from stage musicals. The concert will be performed on February 1 and 2 on the stage of the college’s Beldam Theatre and tickets are available from the college reception or 01483 227415.


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Mini Mikes - Baby Boomerang - White
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text:
Download Jesus Mp3 Songs Free Download For Mobile Now
|-|annafest.org|-| Download Jesus Mp3 Songs Free Download For Mobile MP3. You can Download jesus-mp3-songs-free-download-for-mobile.mp3 for free. New Hindi Jesus Song collection for Quarantine 2020 |Non-stop jukebox |Fast & Energetic Worship song mp3 Download. See the most download MP3, popular songs, new releasing music download and popular artists. Click the download button to download or save the file in Fire Of God, 31:51, PT1H31M51S, 43.74 MB, 1,402,905, 18,915, 1,582, 2020-05-28T12:43:48+0000, %createdAt%.

domain: entertainment


text:
1964 – The Detours open for Carter Lewis and The Southerners at the Glenlyn Ballroom in Forest Hill
1966 – The Who visit Liverpool University playing the University’s Panto Ball dance
1968 – Pete’s friend Richard Stanley shoots footage of Pete for his movie Lone Ranger. Pete also provides the soundtrack for the movie
1969 – The Who play Lanchester College of Technology in Coventry, Warwickshire
1970 – The Who play Leeds University. This show is released as “Live at Leeds”
1971 – The first real session of Lifehouse begins at The Young Vic Theatre on London’s South Bank. A special audience of 200 are invited to attend. Filming is scheduled but probably never occurred. However, the session is recorded, along with the other Lifehouse sessions, by Glyn Johns’ brother Andy. The tape is not for release but for purposes of later review.
1974 – Keith Moon flies back to London to play drums at an all-star Roy Harper concert at The Rainbow. Jimmy Page, David Bedford and John Bonham also take part under the band name Interglactic Elephant Band. Part of the show is later released as the Roy Harper album Flashes From The Archive Of Oblivion.
1975 – John and his band pre-tape performances of “Mad Dog” and “Cell Number 7” for later airing on BBC2’s The Old Grey Whistle Test.
1981 – The Who play the Apollo Theater in Glasgow, Lanarkshire
1982 – Pete checks himself out of Meg Patterson’s clinic and returns to London.
1982 – Having beaten back his addiction to alcohol and drugs, Pete checks himself out of Meg Patterson’s clinic and returns to London
1994 – The Iron Man theatrical production in London closes “with tickets still selling well”.
1994 – New York magazine says that Roger is scheduled to speak this week on careers in music at the Professional Performing Arts School. It is part of a “Grammy in the Schools” program.
1995 – Who Covers Who, a collection of Who covers by Swervedriver, Alex Chilton, Blur and others, is released
1997 – Glenn Tipton’s CD Baptism By Fire CD is released. John plays bass on the song “The Healer.”
1998 – John has a reception at the Walnut Street Gallery in Denver where his drawings and paintings are on display.
2000 – Pete begins daily “cyberdiaries” featuring short talks and Lifehouse practice sessions available on RealVideo.
2013 – The Who play the Bank of Oklahoma Center in Tulsa, Oklahoma


While Breast Cancer Awareness month is celebrated during the month of October, it is never a bad time to think about risk factors for breast cancer and how we might be able to avoid them. After all, the month of November is all about gratitude. While there are no guarantees in life, and breast cancer especially does not discriminate, we can be thankful for information that gives us the ability to stack the odds in our favor. Who doesn’t like favorable odds?
When it comes to the topic of breast cancer awareness, I find that the discussion directed toward breast cancer risk factors is often overlooked. While research and early detection are of key importance in the battle against breast cancer, understanding risk factors for breast cancer allows us to do our best to prevent it from occurring (or reoccurring) in the first place. The old adage holds true, “an ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure.”
A recent conversation with some of my girlfriends made me realize how many of us may not be aware of some of the risk factors for breast cancer outside of family history. In the slideshow below, we present breast cancer risk factors that you might not be aware of. It is really important to know your risk factors in order to maximize your ability to prevent occurrence or reoccurrence of this disease that affects so many women around the world.
So here we go, this one’s for the girls…literally and figuratively.
Hover over each image below to view the description.
Being aware of risk factors and addressing them is important in preventing/treating any kind of cancer, not just breast cancer. The cancerous tumor is an end result of a long process that took a long time to get there. Often, the environment and risk factors for breast cancer are still there, even if tumor is gone or treatment is over. It is a good time to determine what may have caused that. By identifying risk factors and treating them, a person has a greater chance of preventing the occurrence and reoccurrence of the cancer.
Image Credit: Steve Snodgrass (Featured) Patrick Knight (Slide 1), CarbonNYC (Slide 2), Wonderlane (Slide 3) Brock Builders (Slide 4), Victor1558 (Slide 5), Pink Sherbet (Slide 6), E-Imagineart.com (Slide 7)


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Real-time vascular mechanosensation through ex vivo artery perfusion
Biological Procedures Online volume 16, Article number: 6 (2014)
Cell-based perfusion studies have provided great insight into fluid-sensing mechanisms, such as primary cilia in the renal and vascular systems. However, the intrinsic limitations of in vitro cell culture, such as the inability to reflect cellular organization within tissues, has distanced observed paradigms from possible clinical developments. Here we describe a protocol that applies ex vivo artery perfusion and calcium imaging to observe real-time cellular responses to fluid-shear stress.
Through our ex vivo artery perfusion method, we were able to simulate physiological flow and initiate distinct fluid shear stress mechanosensory responses, as well as induced acetylcholine responses in mouse aortic tissue. The observed calcium profiles confirm results found through previous in vitro cell culture experiments. The overall procedure, including dissection, sample preparation and perfusion, takes around 3 hours to complete.
Through our unique method, we are able to induce laminar flow within intact mouse aortic tissue and illicit subsequent cellular responses. This method of ex vivo artery perfusion provides the opportunity to bridge the novel findings of in vitro studies with subsequent physiological models of fluid-shear stress mechanosensation in vascular tissues.
Mechanosensation of blood flow is a crucial function of the vascular system. Defects in the ability to adequately sense and respond to blood flow have been linked to several cardiovascular pathologies including hypertension, atherosclerosis, and aneurysms . Through the use of in vitro assays, which utilize fluid perfusion of cultured cells, numerous insights have been made into the mechanisms of flow sensation such as the role of the primary cilium, endothelial glycocalyx, cytoskeleton and many others.
Despite breakthroughs in identifying mechanisms of blood flow, the in vitro perfusion system remains limited in its application to understanding and treating disease states by their inability to replicate crucial in vivo influences. The diversity of cellular populations within blood vessels is an excellent example of this; current cell culture technologies are not capable of emulating the organization of several cell types. The organization of cell-types have been shown to be essential to such functions as remodeling in atherosclerosis models as well as cell-cell communication, as is the case between endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells through nitric oxide [2, 3]. In addition to this, the physical structure of vascular tissue remains elusive to in vitro approaches. Local hemodynamic forces in vascular tissue, produced by curvatures, lumen diameter, and branch points, have been shown to have profound effects in the form of gene expression and pathogenesis . While in vitro studies have been able to simulate and confirm the effects of some of these forces, such as shear stress, ex vivo studies remain the most physiologically relevant due to their ability to observe the combined effects of nearly all the fluid forces acting on the cells.
Due to the breath of literature citing intracellular Ca2+ as a secondary messenger, the use of fluorescent calcium indicators is chosen as the means of observing endothelial sensory function. Within endothelial cells, intracellular Ca2+ has been shown to be vitally involved in the maintenance of tone, nitric oxide synthesis, ion channel regulation, and triggering of growth mechanisms. Intracellular Ca2+ has also been established as an read-out of monitoring fluid flow sensation in numerous other cell types including stem cells , renal epithelial , hepatic epithelial , pancreatic duct , nodal epithelial , dentin  , osteoblasts and osteocytes [11, 12].
In our study, we developed a method for observing fluid-shear stress mechanosensation in mouse aortic explants (Figure 1). Although ex vivo perfusion studies have been conducted on vascular tissues, our method provides the novel ability to deliver and induce mechanosensory vascular responses unique to fluid shear stress [13–18]. The experimental method we describe provides the ability to induce laminar flow through a cannulated artery without damaging the endothelia, maintain the artery in a physiologically relevant environment, and clearly visualize the tissue (Figures 2 and 3).
Results and discussion
The described methodology allows for the observation of cellular responses to fluid flow. The calcium response profile for induced fluid flow in wild type mouse tissue (Figure 4) is very similar to the extensively characterized profile of endothelial in vitro responses [19, 20]. This response is characterized by a rapid increase in intracellular calcium, peaking after approximately 5 seconds of induction, and then plateau below the baseline. The similarity of the profiles suggests that the readout is indicative of the shear stress response transduced by endothelial cilia. In addition to the fluid flow response, the profile for tissue induced by acetylcholine again matches those of endothelial in vitro responses [19, 20]. This response is distinguished in both systems as a rapid increase within 5 seconds, at a slightly higher level than that of fluid flow alone, and a sustained elevation of intracellular calcium. As the response to acetylcholine has been widely characterized, it is used as a control for viability.
Based on lumen diameter, we used a flow rate to induce a shear stress of 7.2 × 104 kg/m/sec2, as this has been shown in in vitro studies to be the optimal level of endothelial shear stress response [19, 20]. We found that at least 3 flow experiments were able to be conducted before the tissue was rendered unviable. Importantly, our set-up confirms that our tissue was in focus throughout our experimental procedure (Additional files 1 and 2: Movies 1 and 2). In addition, the differential interference contrast movies also indicate a stably positioned tissue within our set-up, suggesting no abrupt change in pressure or disruption was observed during our experiment.
Additional file 1:Movie 1. Flow induced a transient intracellular calcium response in mouse artery ex vivo. Differential interference contrast (left) and fluorescence (right) movies were captured simultaneously at 1 frame per second. Number indicates time in second. Color bar indicates pseudocolor range where purple and white represent lowest and highest intracellular calcium levels, respectively. (M4V 5 MB)
Additional file 2:Movie 2. Acetylcholine induced a sustained increase in intracellular calcium in mouse artery ex vivo. Differential interference contrast (left) and fluorescence (right) movies were captured simultaneously at 1 frame per second. Number indicates time in second. Color bar indicates pseudocolor range where purple and white represent lowest and highest intracellular calcium levels, respectively. (M4V 6 MB)
While the primary advantage of our method is the ability to observe vascular mechanosensory responses to shear stress, the system can be adapted for other appropriate applications. For example, pressure sensing is a common approach for recording responses through tension changes as a result of vasoconstriction or dilation in blood vessels . In addition, the potential for ex vivo perfusion to study the etiology of atherosclerosis has recently arisen . Similar to the use of fluorescence imaging to observe responses of the vascular endothelial or smooth muscle cells, other groups have used fluorescence imaging to observe leukocyte adhesion to the endothelium of perfused vessels – a crucial process in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis [15, 17, 18]. Finally, ex vivo artery perfusion has also been utilized as a means of drug delivery development .
In order to apply the insights of in vitro studies to physiological models, we have developed ex vivo artery perfusion technology to allow for the measurement of the cellular response as a result of fluid-shear stress mechanosensation. This approach may serve as the next step in applying in vitro findings in a more physiologically relevant manner and in investigating the mechanisms of vascular mechanosensation – a crucial measure towards developing therapeutics for vascular disease.
Adult mouse; distilled water; DMEM (Thermo Scientific, cat. no. SH30243.01); Fluo-2 AM (TEFLabs, cat. no. 0222); acetylcholine chloride (Sigma, a2661-25 g); dimethyl sulfoxide (Sigma, d8779); ethanol, 95%, vol/vol (PharmcoAAPER, 111000190); silicone (GE, stock no. GE50090442); epoxy (Henkel, co. no. 1393760).
Sterile dissection instruments: forceps (Roboz Surgical), scissors (Roboz Surgical); culture dishes, 100 mm (Thermo Scientific cat. no. 130182); syringe, 1 ml (BD Luer-Lok, cat. no. 309628); Syringe, 30 mL - Luer (Heinke-Sass-Wolf, cat. no. 4830001000); hypodermic needles, 22 gauge (BD PrecisionGlide, cat. no. 305156); hypodermic needles, 30 gauge (BD PrecisionGlide, cat. no. 305106); sutures 5–0 (Teleflex Medical); microscope slides (Fisherbrand, cat. no. 451000); coverslips, 22 mm × 32 mm (VWR International, cat. no. 831–0134); capillary, outside diameter of 1.5 mm, thickness of 0.2 mm (Kimble, Inc.); humidified, water-jacketed incubator (Binder) at 37°C and 5% CO2; dissecting microscope (Zeiss, Stemi SV6); Nikon microscope (Eclipse, TE2000-U); Photometric monochrome camera (Coolsnap EZ 20 MHz); light box (Zeiss); perfusion pump; Nalgene 180 PVC tubing, 1/32 in. I.D., 3/32 in. O.D., 1/32 in. wall (Thermo Scientific, part no. 8000–002); CO2 gas tank with regulator.
Ethanol (70%, vol/vol) was prepared by diluting absolute ethanol in distilled water and store indefinitely at room temperature. 50 μg of Fluo-2 AM was dissolved in 50 μL of dimethyl sulfoxide, distributed into 5 μL aliquots and stored indefinitely at −20°C. A variety of buffers may be used to may be used to bathe and perfuse the tissue samples – we chose HEPES-based DMEM (see Reagents). Buffers were stored at 4°C until use. Before perfusion, the buffer was warmed at 37°C for 30 min. Throughout our experiment, we used DMEM because it has similar mechanic properties as blood plasma. In addition, DMEM acts as Newtonian fluid making it easier in our fluid-shear stress calculation. For pharmacological reagents, a stock solution was made in distilled water and at an appropriate volume to a volume of buffer for the desired concentration. The final solution was loaded into the perfusion syringe prior to treatment. For acetylcholine, we made a 100 mM stock solution, then added 40 μL of the stock to 40 mL of DMEM for a final concentration of 10 μM.
Mice were housed in pathogen-free, regulated-humidity conditions and kept in a 12-h light cycle with sterilized chow and water provided. The ‘Three Rs’ (replacement, reduction, refinement) were observed in the design and execution of all experiments. The use of animal cells or tissues was approved by the Animal Care and Use Committee of The University of Toledo. We have complied with all the governmental and institutional guidelines for the care and use of animals within our research program. All dissection instruments were kept in 70% (vol/vol) ethanol during the procedure to maintain sterility.
A Nikon TE2000-U was connected with a photometric monochrome camera (Coolsnap EZ 20 MHz). A high speed excitation wavelength changer for DG4/DG5 system was used to capture at DIC and a fluorescence excitation wavelength of 380 nm, under the control of MetaFluor / MetaMorph software.
Building the perfusion apparatus
A glass bottom dish was used to make the perfusion apparatus, as the plastic polymers used in other culture dishes interferes with the recording of fluorescence (Figure 2). To make this, a circular hole was made in the center of a 100 mm cell culture dish and Epoxy was used to glue a coverslip to cover the hole (see Materials). Using small diameter silicone tubing (Thermo Scientific Nalgene 180 PVC tubing) a 35 mm closed ring was then formed. The ring was around the glass bottom center of the dish, using silicone. The silicone was left to dry for 2 hours, forming a sealed barrier to prevent leakage. A slit in the culture dish was made, which was wide enough to rest the bevel of the needle on. The tip of a 22 g needle was removed and blunted. The needles was then passed through the slit toward the middle of the ring, piercing through the silicone in the process. The needle was angled at no more than 3 degrees from the bottom of the dish. Using Epoxy, the needle was glued in place, allowing the epoxy to dry for 2 hours. In order to prevent the tissue from swaying during perfusion, two pieces of capillary tube were taped across from the tip of the perfusion needle.
Collection and preparation of aortic tissue
First, a mouse was euthanized through CO2 asphyxiation. As always, all animal experiments complied with national laws and institutional regulations. In a tray with paper towels, the animal was positioned on its back to dissect the aorta. A transverse incision was made to open the abdominal cavity, followed by cutting of the diaphragm. Incisions where then made up the chest wall to the first or the second rib on both sides. A final incision was made along the sternum to expose the heart. The aorta was exposed by displacing the lungs and intestines, and is adhered to the vertebral column through fatty connective tissue. After locating the aorta, the arch of the aorta is decannulated from the heart, brachiocephalic, carotid and subclavian arteries. In a cranial to caudal direction, the thoracic and abdominal aorta was slowly separated from the vertebral column. Finally, the abdominal aorta was decannulated from the distal aorta.
In order to remove intraluminal blood, the tissue was placed in ice cold oxygenated DMEM and slowly perfused with 0.5 mL of DMEM. We found that perfusion must be conducted gently and no more than twice - multiple or high pressure perfusion will damage the endothelium of the vessel and render the tissue unresponsive. After removing the intraluminal blood, fatty connective tissue surrounding the vessel was gently cut away, taking care to prevent large nicks and holes in the tissue.
A 5 microliter aliquot of Fluo-2 calcium dye was diluted with 250 microliters of DMEM in a centrifuge tube. The tissue sample was then placed in centrifuge tube. The centrifuge tube was then incubated for 30 minutes in a CO2 incubator. Following incubation, the tissue was carefully removed placed in a centrifuge tube containing 500 microliters of DMEM, and then incubated for 10 minutes.
Preparing and connecting the perfusion pump
The organ bath chamber of the apparatus was filled with 4 mL of oxygenated warm DMEM, and the aorta sample was placed within in the organ bath. Prior to cannulation of the sample with the perfusion needle, 1 mL of perfusion solution was gently pipeted onto and through the connection port of the perfusion apparatus, thereby preventing air bubbles.
Using microforceps, the aorta was cannulated by sliding the sample over the needle. A small nick was made in the tissue, past the tip of the perfusion needle, in order to relieve the negative pressure inside the tissue that is generated automatically following cannulation. Excessive stretching will trigger stretch activated calcium channels and will ruin the integrity of the sample. After cannulation, a glass coverslip was taped over the organ bath chamber. We found that if a coverslip is not taped, the increase in fluid level as a result of perfusion causes a drastic drop in recorded fluorescence. The apparatus was then placed on the microscope stage. The tissue was left to equilibrate undisturbed in the apparatus for 15 minutes and but no longer than 30.
In order to prepare the perfusion pump, the perfusion tubing was first placed into the perfusion pump. Warmed, oxygenated DMEM was pre-perfused through the clean silicone tubing. The perfusion pump tubing was then connected to the perfusion apparatus and the speed of perfusion was set on the pump.
Perfusion and real-time fluorescence imaging
Metamorph imaging software was used to record fluorescence levels of the sample. Channels of DIC and GFP (with excitation and emission filters of 400 ~ 430 nm and 508 ~ 520 nm, respectively) were simultaneously captured with 1.07 s per frame. After recording a baseline of at least 15 seconds, the perfusion pump, with speed pre-set, was turned on. After 91 frames, perfusion was stopped. To prevent excess build up of media spilling out of the silicon ring within the perfusion apparatus, an additional pump and tubing can be attached to the apparatus in parallel and outside the ring.
The captured images were compiled into a sequential stacked file. The background of the perfusion experiment was logged by selecting an identical region of the image plane, where no part of the sample overlapped. The average intensity of the region was logged to Microsoft Excel. Similarly, to analyze the sample, a region of the image plane was selected with only the sample contained. In cases where significant movement of the sample was observed, the region of data collection was appropriately adjusted on a frame by frame basis. The average intensity of the sample region was logged to the same Microsoft Excel file as the background values. The recorded fluorescence values of the background region were subtracted from the values of the tissue sample region. This allowed for fluorescence changes due to noise to be accounted for.
An average was calculated from the first fifteen data points of the new, adjusted values. This value was used as the recorded baseline, as this was the average intensity of the tissue prior to perfusion. The entire data set was then normalized by dividing all of the adjusted data set values by the calculated averaged baseline. The normalized data points were plotted on a graph to produce a representative trace. At least three experiments under each condition – perfusion and treatment with ACh. The data sets were respectively averaged and plotted with error bars indicated standard error.
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This work was supported by the National Institute of Health DK080640 and the Department of Defense PR130153. Authors wish to thank Shirley Mei for her assistance in preparing the illustrations.
The author’s claim no competing financial interests.
Developing original approach (WAA, SMN), improving and confirming the technique (RMP, XJ), performing experiment (RMP), analyzing data (RMP, XJ), writing the manuscript (RMP, SMN). All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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Prasad, R.M., Jin, X., AbouAlaiwi, W.A. et al. Real-time vascular mechanosensation through ex vivo artery perfusion. Biol Proced Online 16, 6 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1186/1480-9222-16-6