Cyber threats to the oil and gas industry have been existent in one form or another for as long as computing and networking systems have utilized to increase the efficiency of production and transportation operations. The number of systems that are utilizing internet-connected technology to aid the industry has risen dramatically over the past 20 years, seeing use on exploration, management of production systems, Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA), and supply chain management. As the number of available exploits and attacks against these systems increases over time, it is more necessary than ever to ensure that cybersecurity is in facility and vessel plans. Incorporating cybersecurity measures into the existing security framework will be critical to ensuring that malicious actors do not impact communities and the environment through destructive attacks upon production and transportation. This paper will provide a look at the impact cyberattacks may have on the safe production, storage, and transportation of oil, as well as provide insight as to what industry standards and legal proposals exist to ensure that industry partners are operating securely throughout the US.
As we step into the next decade of oil and natural gas production, there are new challenges to safeguarding the systems that support the production and storage of these products. It is my opinion that the most dangerous of these challenges is the emergence of easy to use and sophisticated attacks against Industrial Control Systems (ICS), which are the underpinning for most modern industrial production environments. With the advent of nation-states using cyberattacks as a weapon against critical infrastructure, there is now an increased focus on the vulnerabilities found within industrial systems.
These attacks that have originated from nation-states have primarily targeted electrical distribution systems and nuclear material refinement. The possibility of an attack against oil production, refining, or distribution can result in real-world consequences that include harm to the public at large, environmental disasters, and economic impact. It is for these reasons that the oil industry should ensure that cybersecurity best practices are implemented across the entire scope of the product life cycle.
The first part to consider when evaluating the threat of a cyber attack is what physical effects result from a compromised or failed process controlled by an ICS. While the loss of production may result in an economic impact, the permanent damage caused to operational systems, or the manipulation of these processes by attackers to cause future unintended effects to create possibilities above and beyond downtime. The compromise of an ICS network can result in two attack paths. The first is the manipulation of the process control logic, which results in a change to the process and the control of actuators such as pumps or motors. The second is altering the sensor and input data sent across the network, such as rerouting sensor data.
Uniquely to ICS is that once compromised, there is very little forensic analysis that can be conducted on most of the critical components. Much of the network information, as well as memory states of devices such as Programmable Logic Controllers (PLC), were designed from the standpoint of maintaining a high degree of availability but not necessarily retaining data integrity. There does not currently exist a practical way to monitor network traffic across the lower levels of an ICS network. These deficiencies, present in many ICS networks, mean that not only is an attack going to alter the process, but evidence of the attack also may not be present. Without this evidence, forensic analysis of the devices may not contain needed information for law enforcement and security staff.
The physical changes which can be performed on a system were demonstrated in the Aurora Generator Test of 2007. Conducted at Idaho National Laboratory in 2007, this demonstration showed that an attacker could remotely affect a generator in a way that physically destroys it. The attack consisted of taking the generator out of phase through the repeated manipulation of breakers, causing catastrophic failure. This attack was done in a manner that caused existing protection systems to critically fail (Lemos, 2007).
While this test was to serve as a warning to the power transmission industry, it is not hard to piece together how an attacker could cause damage to systems in the oil industry. With control of an ICS network, an attacker can manipulate remotely operated pumps and valves in a way that could cause the destruction of equipment or even alter the flow of liquids in a manner that would cause damage to valves and piping systems. In the transfer of products from vessels to facilities, monitoring systems protect overflow with Human Machine Interfaces (HMI). If an attacker gains control of these systems they can be manipulated in displaying a false state of the transfer process. From there, varying degrees of damage can be caused depending on the process and the knowledge of the attacker.
Another attack path is that of ICS networks operating onboard the maritime vessels, which provide a crucial role of transportation for both oil and chemical products. The potential of compromising a ship and their associated automated systems presents several attack paths that range from controlling the ballasting process of a vessel to disabling generators in an attack similar to the one demonstrated in the Aurora project.
To see how a cyber attack could undermine and damage an industrial process, TRISIS, the 2017 cyber attack on Aramco in the Middle East, provides a strong example (Drago, 2019b). The attack targeted a particular component of the Aramco ICS network; the Schneider Electronics Triconex safety instrumented system (SIS). This attack is worth noting in that it focused on this process control component. Yet, it did not have to rely upon any vulnerabilities that were present in the Triconex SIS itself. This attack ultimately failed in its goal to do one of two things, shut down the process entirely, or create an unsafe environment by rewriting the logic of the SIS. This type of attack, with detailed knowledge of the targeted industrial system, can culminate in physical damage to the plant, which could cause additional impacts to surrounding areas.
An example of how a coordinated attack can lead to incredible effect is the 2018 Russian attack of the Ukrainian power transmission system. These attacks featured a fully formed and sophisticated campaign against Ukrainian power companies in 2015. These attacks originated with a coordinated spear-phishing campaign, which sent emails containing malware embedded in documents to IT personnel located at separate locations. This malware allowed further reconnaissance of the energy companies' enterprise network, eventually leading to a complete takeover of the compromised system. After gaining a foothold in the enterprise networks, the attackers pivoted into the ICS network. At this point, through coordinated attacks on all 3 of the targeted power companies, the attackers were able to shut down the power to approximately 230,000 customers for a short time. While the victimized companies were able to restore power in a relatively short time, this was only completed by disabling the ICS system and reverting to manual control of the process (Lee, 2016). The ICS components which were compromised are still unable to return to fully automated control, which speaks to the lasting impact that a compromise of an ICS network can have.
The effects of a cyber attack upon an ICS attack in 2014 upon a steel mill in Germany is yet another demonstration of the impact these attacks can have. The exact details of the attack and the investigation results are not public knowledge, information that has been gathered points to the breach occurring through a spearphishing campaign. Spearphishing allowed attackers to gain a foothold in the mill's ICS network subsequently. There was an amount of physical damage done to the mill itself as a result of the attack upon the ICS processes in place. The extent of the damage is not known, but the proof of a cyber-physical attack demonstrates the importance of safeguarding ICS in any application (Lee, 2014).
The rise of ransomware and the risk that it can pose for an operation notable in the damage or disruption caused to victims. The 2017 cyber attack on Maersk disrupted operations across the company through the infection by NotPetya ransomware. The estimate of the financial impact of this attack is approximately $300 million (Greenberg, 2018). Even a nontargeted attack can be devastating to businesses. It is not an unrealistic scenario to have a worm pivot from an initial compromise on an enterprise network into an ICS network and cause an effect upon operations by rendering hosts inoperable.
The production and distribution of oil represent a critical infrastructure sector within the US. As such, the industry is a significant target, with many groups pursuing ways to exploit ICS networks and components that are in industrial applications. Dragos (2019b) indicates that at this time, five groups are targeting North American oil and gas companies currently. Also, there has been a noted increase in activities from these organizations over the course of 2019. The ability to disrupt this sector does a great deal to cause a significant economic impact on a region, a tempting proposition for many groups.
An attack against an oil refinery could, if well-coordinated, could result in the release of petroleum products and other hazardous materials, potentially causing harm to human life and damaging the environment. It is important to note that a successful attack of this nature will additionally strain local response resources, both private and public. This ripple effect of events that would be triggered by a coordinated cyber-physical attack upon a port illustrates what makes these targets so desirable for attackers. The conclusion of the Dragos (2019a) report gives a grim warning. “Dragos assesses with moderate confidence that the first major cyber-related ICS event causing major process and equipment destruction or loss of life will occur in the oil and gas sector.”
Preventing these types of catastrophic events should be a priority for all oil and gas companies, and many methods already exist for mitigating risks that are known to provide some amount of protection from compromise. However, due to the nature of ICS networks, there are many features and security appliances usually available for enterprise networks that currently have no equivalent product for ICS. This should not be a limiting factor in hardening networks and deterring attacks upon your ICS network.
There exist several tools and guidelines to assist facilities and vessels in shoring up their security across bothe enterprise and ICS networks. The Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) was formed in 2018 under the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) and provides several products to businesses considered to be a part of the United States' critical infrastructure. The full list of these assessments can be found online at their website (https://www.cisa.gov/cybersecurity-assessments). The services range from vulnerability scanning of internet-facing hosts on a regular basis to on-site vulnerability assessments and penetration testing.
In addition to this, there are steps you can take to evaluate and harden your ICS networks without outside assistance. The Cyber Security Evaluation Tool (CSET) provided by CISA is a free product that can guide an organization by determining its overall security stance. CSET pulls components of industry guidelines such as NIST 800-82 (Guide to ICS Security) and provides the reviewer with results that can be analyzed over time to ensure compliance and security measures are being adequately maintained. These and many other security measures should be considered to prevent attacks, but there is no single method which will prevent all attacks. A good program must be constantly evaluated for its effectiveness, and facility and vessel operators must remain vigilant to ensure that a devastating cyber-attack is avoided.


text:
This line consists of large, 100% silk scarves with luxurious hand-rolled hems featuring the images of works as taken in my studio. These pieces of wearable art feature bold, provocative, luxurious earth and jewel tones, and when folded or worn create abstract textures that I personally really enjoy. The silk is quite lustrous and luminous and drapes beautifully. As true works of art, you could even frame and hang them on the wall, that is if you wanted to of course.
Scarf: $175 + additional shipping & handling
Handkercheif: $45 + additional shipping & handling
if you're interested please send an email to:

domain: design


text:
Come celebrate the opening of a show of photographs from the project and the book release!
Old Stone House
Washington Park, 3rd street at Fifth Avenue
Park Slope, Brooklyn NY
Friday, May 29, 2015
7pm – Reception with drinks and snacks
8pm – Conversation with curator Dan Joseph and Beth O’Brien and Craig Shepard
8:30pm – Craig Shepard and Beth O’Brien present their 45 minute “On Foot: Brooklyn” performance with projected video, live music, and playback of field recordings.

domain: artistic


text:
Points of Illumination Podcast
Courtney Sanborn and Laura García
Listen, download, subscribe
Ep34 | Connecting with Intuition• 45 min
What is intuition? People often say, “trust your intuition!” But do we really know what it means or how we can best use it in our lives? This week, we talk about how our minds use our intuition to give us messages. Knowing how to respond to these messages can help us when we decide which paths in life to follow. Trusting our intuition can be extremely difficult because what our minds tell us is not always the clearest. We all experience different ‘red flags’ or cautions in our life that cause our intuition to react. Reading these and responding in a healthy way can alleviate stress, pain, and situations we would never wish to experience! We hope you find this episode interesting and inspiring. Strengthening how we deal with our intuition is a lesson worth practicing! Understanding and trusting our intuitions will help us make the choices we want in our lives. ∙ Visit us at www.pointsofillumination.com for our upcoming courses and in-person retreats ∙ Join our Free Facebook community “POI Support Circle” for conversations, questions, and comments on the podcast ∙ Follow us on Instagram @pointsofillumination for the latest news! ∙ You can also find our podcast and more educational content on our YouTube Channel. Make sure to hit SUBSCRIBE so you don’t miss out on any of our weekly episodes. If you enjoyed this one, please leave us a 5-star review, and share it with someone you think could benefit from it. We would be forever grateful!
Points of Illumination Podcast RSS Feed

domain: psychology


text:
adidas Originals have dropped a retro collection for defending Copa Libertadores champions and thirty-six time Argentine Primera División winners Club Atlético River Plate.
The new range includes throwback-styled gear that includes a t-shirt, track jacker, trainers and the highlight of the line, a retro jersey inspired by home shirt worn by Los Millonarios (The Millionaires) when they won the 1994 Apertura.
All of the pieces in the collection use the River Plate’s primary colors of white and red. The adidas Originals jersey and track jacket feature the club’s world famous red sash. The classic adidas Originals Trefoil is used throughout the range.
Current players Rodrigo Mora, Lucas Alario, Gabriel Mercado, Leonardo Pisculichi, Leonel Vangioni and Nicolás Bertolo were on hand to model the 2015 River Plate adidas Originals line at its recent unveiling.


text:
A unique compilation of random images and incomplete thoughts from WiLSoN.
Ahhhh rest. Glad to see there are at least two people out there making sure to get their precious rest.
Love the image of Sally and Wilson - both beautiful beings doing something beautiful and mysnerious. The PreSSing thing - a dog in my life does that...
Post a Comment


This could be a big boost for the entertainment industry’s streaming initiative, which has been struggling to ignite consumer interest. Lionsgate CEO Jon Feltheimer told analysts in a conference call this morning that the discs, which go on sale August 18, will also offer opportunities for buyers to access UltraViolet streamed versions via Walmart and Time Warner’s Flixster. The studio has high expectations for Hunger Games, the biggest home video release Lionsgate’s ever had: It says that two-thirds of the film’s profits are yet to be collected — and most of the cash will come from consumer sales. Execs say that they’re encouraged by retailer pre-orders, including from Apple’s iTunes. The studio is helping retailers to attract fans to stores on Friday night before the official sale date, for example by offering special signage and packaging. There’s also a co-promotion arrangement with Amazon for Kindle Fire owners. “Our revenues right now from licensing and merchandising of Hunger Games are ahead of our plan,” Feltheimer says.
'Hunger Games' DVDs Will Offer Streamed Access Via UltraViolet
What's Hot on Deadline
Sony Pictures Confirms Quentin Tarantino Deal; Margot Robbie, Tom Cruise, Brad Pitt, Leonardo DiCaprio Circling
Actress Accuses 'Girls' EP Murray Miller Of Sexual Assault; Showrunners Lena Dunham & Jenni Konner Defend Him - Update
Ryan Eggold, Who Played Fan Favorite Tom Keen In 'The Blacklist,' Joins Spike Lee's 'Black Klansman'
Latest Film News
- ‘Justice League’ Encounters Kryptonite At The B.O. With $93M+ Opening: Why The DC Movie Weakened
- Vice Forms All-Female Advisory In Wake Of Exec’s Conduct Suspension
- AT&T-Time Warner Merger Antitrust Review Casting Pall Over Fox Talks
- Pete Hammond’s Notes On The Season: WGA Nixes ‘Three Billboards’; Bleecker Puts Lumps Of Coal In Critics’ Stockings; ‘Get Out…
- ‘Get Out’s Jordan Peele Responds To Golden Globes Category
- Douglas Booth In Talks To Play Nikki Sixx In Motley Crue Biopic ‘The Dirt’


text: Everyone goes insane eventually. And then they belong to the terrifying Red Mask! But Gotham City has a new savior. He strikes from the shadows, exhumes the dead, and is known only as...the Batman. And in our backup story, Tim Drake's search for Batman continues as he and Superman, Jon Kent, team up to stop the terror of the Toyman!

domain: entertainment


by Dennis O'Keefe on Nov 14, 2017
It has been a decade since the housing bubble began unraveling in front of our eyes. Mortgages didn’t get paid. Banks went belly-up. Property values plummeted – in some places down 50% or more.
It was an ugly time.
The cause was a combination of stupidity. That’s often the case with major financial disasters. It isn’t just one thing that brings the system down.


text:
- Top 100
Well, Ultra 2012 has come and gone, leaving us with sore feet, aching ear drums, sun tans and amazing memories.
This list recaps the 10 biggest tracks of Ultra Music Festival 2012 – these tunes were heard multiple times from many different stages as we toured all corners of the festival, enough talking now to the music!
Quick note – set of the weekend goes to the veteran – Fatboy Slim.. absolutely captivating, he is a true master of the art of music.
Most remixed track of the weekend goes to Gotye for Somebody I used to Know, which made it’s way into so many sets in a number of different varities, my favourite was probably Guetta’s remix of Levels Vs. Somebody I used to Know.
Here are the top 10 tracks of Ultra 2012
1. Bingo Players – L’Amour
We already knew this would be an anthem for Ultra, but we didn’t realize we would hear it SO many times on the main stage. It seems to be a staple in almost every set we heard, congratulations to the Bingo Players on such a huge track, amaaazing bass in this electro banger. We heard it at least 6 or 7 times, but we could keep listening all day!
2. Qulinez – Troll
3. Albin Myers – Hells Bells
4. Skrillex / The Doors – Breakin’ A Sweat
5. Nicky Romero – Generation 303
6. Dada Life – Kick Out The Epic Motherfu**er
7. Avicii – Levels
8. Nicky Romero – Toulouse
9. Swedish House Mafia – Greyhound
10. Deniz Koyu – Tung!
What did you think of Ultra? Were these top 10 accurate? What was your favourite track of the weekend and who threw down the hardest?? Let us know what you think by singing into facebook and using the comment feature below!


AIR SCRUBBER by SafeGuard (see pricing)
Offered Standard as a 16" Scrubber
Available 9" Scrubber
Smart Design - LifeTime Warranty - Air Scrubber By SafeGuard - Proven
The Air Scrubber by SafeGuard utilizes tested and proven Photocydiltic Oxidation Technology (PCO) which is achieved when you combine ultraviolet light rays with a Ti02, coated substrate. Ti02 refers to Titanium Oxide. Tested by third parties both in the United States and abroad to substantially reduce orders, visible smoke in the air, effectively eliminate bacteria and treat contamination on surfaces.
Operates on 110-277 volts (auto-sensing controller)
The Air Scrubber by SafeGuard can be inserted into the supply or return air plenum as a low maintenance way to incorporate air treatment into HVAC Systems. When installed in the supply plenum uv light will help maintain a clean efficient energy saving cooling coil.
Requires no cleaning. PCO Scrubber Cell never needs replacing.
Includes built in UV Bulb viewer indicator.
Fits systems from 2.5 - 5 Tons, treats up to 2,000 square feet
EPA Establishment Number 96244-CA-1


text:
Love something so much you want the whole world to know it?
LOOKING FOR A GREAT HOLIDAY GIFT THAT CAN BE SENT DIGITALLY?
This is the perfect way to do it.
Tell me what you love: cars, a city, your hobby, apples, smiles - whatever it is, I can make it work. Or tell me what your friend or family member loves!!!
Provide me with up to 5 of your own photos or buy the gig extra and I will find the right photos for you (I am a photographer and have many of my own pics to use as stock).
I will make a brilliant digital jpeg at 300 dpi at 10 inches by 8 inches which will look similar to the examples shown.
Get 1 for 5 GBP or 3 for 10 GBP. Want more words or a special background? An extra 5 GBP.
A really great way to surprise your friends and family and also, a great way to express to the world what you really love, perfect for social media, websites, blogs and as digital gifts, easy to send across the world.
Hit that ORDER button now!!!!
I will provide you top notch service.

domain: hobby


text:
Emmi has boosted its product portfolio in its home market of Switzerland with the roll out of dessert lines from Italian business A-27, which it acquired last year.
The Swiss dairy group said today (10 September) said a selection of Bontà Divina desserts were on sale at local retailer Coop. The lines include tiramisu and panna cotta.
Emmi acquired Italian firm A-27 last June. Citing SymphonyIRI stats, it said the Bontà Divina was the number on dessert product in Italy. The brand is also available in Germany, the UK and the Benelux.

domain: economics


text:
Discovery of a molecular switch in the brain helps burn fat, which could be a potential therapy for obesity and other metabolic disorders like Type 2 diabetes. Monash University researchers have identified a molecular switch in the brain that potentially controls the human body's capacity to store fat, particularly after long periods of "famine" or weight loss, a process that underlies yo-yo dieting, where we regain the weight lost caused by dieting.
‘By regulating Crat protein in hunger-processing brain cells can help burn fat and weight loss.’Being able to control this switch may be a therapy for obesity and other metabolic disorders such as Type 2 diabetes.
Tweet it Now
Associate Professor Zane Andrews and his colleagues at the Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute have identified a protein in mice, called carnitine acetyltransferase (Crat), in hunger-processing brain cells that regulate fat storage after dieting. These findings were published today in the international journal Cell Reports.
When we are dieting (or evolutionarily when there is a famine) our bodies burn more fat to provide enough energy. But at the same time our brains fight to conserve energy and, as soon as food becomes available, the body switches from burning to storing fat and instead uses ingested calories from food.
The international research team discovered the Crat protein and developed a mouse that had this protein genetically switched off. These mice, when fasted or fed after a fast, consume their fat reserves at a greater than normal rate.
According to Associate Professor Andrews, repeated dieting, or yo-yo dieting, may lead to weight gain because the brain interprets these diets as short famines and urges the person to store more fat for future shortages.
"Manipulating this protein offers the opportunity to trick the brain and not replace the lost weight through increased appetite and storage of fat," Associate Professor Andrews said.

domain: medical


text:
Perrie Edwards, Jade Thirlwall, Jesy Nelson and Leigh-Anne Pinnock are similar to One Direction, in that they were both formed on The X Factor.
Both bands have also spent a lot of time together, so we can take their word for it when they say Liam is going to make a great dad.
As speculation continues, more and more people are discussing how Liam and Cheryl could potentially be transforming into parents.
When asked if Liam will cope well with fatherhood, Jesy told Reveal: "He's going to be amazing, isn't he?"
Jade then shared her opinion, adding: "They're a great couple!"
Jesy, 25, who recently called things off with Jake Roche also admitted that she felt the most body confident she'd ever felt.
She explained: "I feel like as we get older, we get more confident, we don't care and we're just loving life."
Meanwhile, it appears Perrie could be in the early stages of a new romance.
The blonde beauty has been linked to Arsenal star Alex Oxlade-Chamberlain.
The footballer was spotted watching the girls perform their new single Touch at The X Factor final on Sunday, and he reportedly couldn't take his eyes off her.
A source told The Sun: "Alex is clearly smitten with Perrie and he looked like he loved the girls' performance.
"He didn't take his eyes off her throughout the entire thing and he didn’t stop smiling. Afterwards he took pictures with fans and took time to chat to people in the audience, he seems like a genuinely nice man."
They also said: "Both are keen to keep the relationship on the down low, they don’t follow each other on social media as they know a connection might give the game away. After what happened with Zayn, Perrie doesn’t want her love life to become public knowledge."

domain: celebrity


text:
Cultivating California: The History of Wines in Los Angeles
July 11, 2017
This blog was featured in the summer 2017 edition of Edible LA.
Thinking of California wines, my mind goes straight to the lush, sun-drenched vineyards of Napa and Sonoma, and sometimes to the Guadalupe Valley in Baja. It never stays in Los Angeles, much less in Boyle Heights or the concrete channel that is the LA River. It’s hard to imagine those areas as the once beautiful acres of vineyards of the early 19th century. What happened? READ MORE »
Growing up on the Texas/Mexico border my friends and would regularly go “across” during our high school lunch break for a leisurely lunch of Doritos con chile and a frozen margarita. Not exactly healthy – not to mention age appropriate – and little did I know that I was about to embark on a life long fascination with tequila and on a trip to Oaxaca in the early 2000s, would discover mezcal. READ MORE »
The Los Angeles County Museum of Art and the J. Paul Getty Museum have complementary exhibitions on view through July 31st, Robert Mapplethorpe: The Perfect Medium. Each exhibit highlights a different aspect of the controversial artist’s complex body of work. LACMA focuses on Mapplethorpe’s relationship to New York City’s underground sexual and artistic scene while the Getty explores his fascination with classical forms.
The Huntington Library, Art Collections, and Botanical Gardens has a fascinating and timely exhibit on display through March 21st, Y.C. Hong: Advocate for Chinese-American Inclusion. Curated by Li Wei Yang, the exhibit provides insight into the early history of the Chinese experience in California and embraces the importance of immigrants in American society. The focus is on Y.C. Hong, an immigration attorney and political activist, who, together with his wife, Mabel, was largely responsible for the creation of Los Angeles’s Chinatown.
Early images of Chinatown naturally got me thinking about Chinese food and its history…

domain: geography


A 30-year-old Brookfield, CT man is facing a misdemeanor drunken driving charge following a recent traffic stop in Southeast, officials say.
Troopers from the East Fishkill barracks stopped Mark A. Nobes at about 4:15 a.m. on Interstate 84 in Southeast. He was reportedly operating a 2004 Honda Civic Del Sol at about 78 mph in a 55-mph zone.
Police say Nobles' blood-alcohol level was 0.16. The legal limit is 0.08. They charged the defendant with driving while intoxicated and released him pending a Dec. 20 appearance in Southeast Justice Court.


text:
- Developability Assessment Platform includes both manufacturability and safety assessments for early identification of potential chemical/physical stability and immunogenicity issues
- All services include a complete risk assessment report including specific mitigation recommendations, allowing companies to focus on their most promising candidate
- In combination with Lonza’s extensive development and manufacturing capabilities, the new Developability toolbox offers a complete solution from candidate risk assessment through to commercial product supply
Basel, Switzerland, 6 June 2013 - Early risk assessment has become a critical factor in biopharmaceutical drug development programs. To address this growing market need, Lonza announces the launch of their new Developability Assessment Platform. This platform is designed to reduce attrition rates and improve the ranking of early drug candidates. The prediction tools include a suite of in silico based services which assess candidates for: fitness for large scale manufacture (manufacturability) and immunogenicity profiles in humans (safety).
One of the main challenges for companies today is the increasing Research and Development (R&D) costs due in part to high attrition rates of therapeutic candidates. R&D organizations need to rapidly screen out inferior candidates with a potential low probability of clinical and commercial success. Being able to assess the manufacturability and safety at the pre-clinical stage, before large investments are made, allows companies to focus on the most promising candidate and maximize R&D spending.
Lonza is uniquely positioned to offer customers a complete Developability Assessment Platform that consists of both in silico tools and protein structure expertise. The Platform includes Manufacturability Assessment and Safety Assessment Services applicable to customers in both discovery and early stage biological drug development.
- The Manufacturability Assessment Service analyzes chemical degradation pathways and post translational modifications including deamidation, oxidation and glycosylation, as well as potential physical stability issues, most notably, protein aggregation.
- The Safety Assessment Service uses our proprietary Epibase™ in silico screening tool to identify potential T-cell epitopes in target proteins that may trigger potential immune reactions in human studies.
“The costs associated with late-stage clinical failure is an increasing area of concern for our emerging and established biopharmaceutical customers” said Janet White, Head of Lonza’s Custom Development Services Organization. “This combination of manufacturability and safety assessment allows our customers to de-risk their candidates, supporting the “fail fast, fail early” mantra.”
All Developability Assessment Services include a full data report, including interpretation by Lonza’s structural bioinformaticians. In addition, risk mitigation recommendations will be given, including the option of protein engineering followed by expression and validation of variants using Lonza’s Light Path™ Custom Material Supply Service.
The movement toward early risk assessment and streamlined development processes will greatly impact the timeline of biotherapeutics to first in human studies.
For more information on Lonza’s Developability Assessment Platform, please visit www.lonza.com/developability

domain: health


text:
The Brotherhood of Heroes is a 501 (c) 3 not for profit museum and resource center located in Cape Coral, Florida.
Founded in the midst of the social turmoil of 2020, The Brotherhood of Heroes Museum hopes to educate the community as well as honor First Responders and Military Service Personnel through our exhibits that capture the dramatic events that shaped our nation.
The Brotherhood of Heroes Resource Center is committed to helping First Responders, Military both active and Veterans alike, their families, and the Cape Coral community as a whole. The Brotherhood of Heroes frequently hosts events to benefit the community, and actively partners with many community based organizations. For many, getting the help they need is a simple visit or phone call away.
Whether you are paying your respects at our Purple Heart Monument, taking in one of our breathtaking exhibits, using the Resource Center's services, or celebrating your birthday with us, The Brotherhood of Heroes Resource Center & Museum will show you not only how the world has impacted Cape Coral, but how Cape Coral has impacted the world.

domain: sociology


text:
- Barracloughs Blog
The Benefits of OCT
It's not just your vision we care about, it's your health too. With an OCT eye health scan, we can detect numerous diseases such as diabetes, glaucoma, age related macular degeneration and much more...
Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) is a very detailed non-contact eye scan. OCT scanning uses light waves to take cross-section images of the back of the eye (the retina). It is quick and painless, nothing touches your eye at all - it is just like having an x-ray taken and takes a few seconds additional to your usual eye test.
With this technology we can see the retina's distinctive layers and study these images/cross sections of the very back of your eye allowing a study of your eyes in incredible detail. These measurements help with diagnosis and also provide treatment guidance for glaucoma and other eye-related conditions such as diabetes and macular degeneration (AMD).
What's the difference between retinal photography and OCT scanning?
To simplify, we tend to compare your eye to a cake. The retinal image takes a photo of the surface of the retina (the top surface of a cake) whereas the OCT looks at the layers of the retina (like cutting a slice of cake and then being able to see the various layers within, one at a time).
The OCT eye exam checks the health of the eye and is totally painless. Scanning takes about 5 – 10 minutes. This type of appointment is very useful in diagnosing a number of eye conditions, including:
- macular hole
- macular pucker
- macular edema
- central serous retinopathy
- diabetic retinopathy
- vitreous traction
- age-related macular degeneration
OCT is often used to evaluate disorders of the optic nerve as well. The OCT exam helps us to see changes to the fibres of the optic nerve. For example, it can detect changes caused by glaucoma.
AVAILABLE AT YOUR BEXHILL, BATTLE AND UCKFIELD STORES


text:
A ketogenic diet for beginners Keto Ground Beef Skillet Recipes
A keto or ketogenic diet is a low-carb, moderate protein, higher-fat diet plan that can help you burn fat more effectively. It has lots of benefits for weight loss, health, and performance, as displayed in over 50 studies.1 That’s why it’s recommended by numerous medical professionals.
A keto diet plan can be specifically helpful for losing excess body fat without hunger and for type 2 diabetes.
Here, you’ll learn how to eat a keto diet based on real foods. Get going with our visual guides, dishes, meal plans, and simple 2-week Get going program. It’s everything you need to succeed on keto.
1. What is a keto diet?
The keto diet plan is an extremely low-carb, higher-fat diet. It’s similar in lots of methods to other low-carb diets.
While you eat far fewer carbs on a keto diet, you keep moderate protein consumption and might increase your consumption of fat. The reduction in carb intake puts your body in a metabolic state called ketosis, where fat, from your diet and from your body, is burned for energy.
What “keto” suggests.
A “keto” or “ketogenic” diet plan is so named because it triggers your body to produce little fuel particles called “ketones.” This is an alternative fuel source for your body that can be used when blood sugar level (glucose) remains in short supply.
When you consume very couple of carbohydrates or really few calories, your liver produces ketones from fat. These ketones then serve as a fuel source throughout the body, particularly for the brain.
The brain is a starving organ that takes in great deals of energy every day, and it can’t operate on fat directly. It can just operate on glucose– or ketones.7.
On a ketogenic diet, your whole body switches its fuel supply to run primarily on fat, burning fat 24-7. When insulin levels drop extremely low, fat burning can increase considerably. It becomes much easier to access your fat stores to burn them off.
This is terrific if you’re trying to slim down, however there can likewise be other advantages, such as less cravings and a steady supply of energy– without the sugar peaks and valleys that often happen when consuming high-carb meals. This may help keep you alert and focused.
When the body produces ketones, it goes into a metabolic state called ketosis. The fastest way to get there is by fasting– not eating anything– however no one can regularly quickly permanently.
A keto diet plan, on the other hand, likewise results in ketosis and can be eaten forever. It has much of the benefits of fasting– including weight reduction– without having to quick long term.
Who should Refrain From Doing a ketogenic diet?
There are controversies and misconceptions about a keto diet, but for most people it seems really safe. Nevertheless, 3 groups frequently require unique consideration:.
- Do you take medication for diabetes, such as insulin?
- Do you take medication for high blood pressure?
- Do you breastfeed?
2. What to consume on a keto diet.
Here are normal foods to enjoy on a ketogenic diet. The numbers are net carbs per 100 grams (3.5 ounces) of food.13 To remain in ketosis, lower is generally much better:.
Keto diet plan foods: Natural fats (butter, olive oil); Meat; Fish and seafood; Eggs; Cheese; Veggies that grow above ground.
What’s the most crucial thing to do to reach ketosis? Prevent eating too many carbs. You’ll likely require to keep carbohydrate intake under 50 grams of net carbs per day, preferably listed below 20 grams.14.
The fewer the carbohydrates, the more efficient the diet plan appears to be for reaching ketosis, reducing weight or enhancing type 2 diabetes.15.
Counting carbohydrates can be helpful at first. But if you adhere to our suggested foods and dishes you can stay keto even without counting.
Try to prevent.
Here’s what you need to avoid on a keto diet– foods containing a lot of carbohydrates, both the sugary and the starchy kind. This includes starchy foods like bread, pasta, rice and potatoes. These foods are extremely high in carbohydrates.
Foods to prevent on a ketogenic diet: bread, pasta, rice, potatoes, fruit, beer, soda, juice, candy.
The numbers are grams of net carbohydrates per 100 grams (3.5 ounces), unless otherwise noted.16.
Likewise avoid or restrict highly processed foods and rather follow our entire foods keto diet suggestions.
You need to also prevent low-fat diet plan products. A keto diet must be reasonably high in protein and will probably be higher in fat, given that fat supplies the energy you’re no longer receiving from carb. Low-fat items generally supply too many carbs and not enough protein and fat.17.
More specific guidance on what to consume– and what not to eat.
What to drink.
Keto drinks: water, coffee, tea, dry white wine.
What can you drink on a ketogenic diet plan? Water is the ideal beverage, and coffee or tea are fine too. Ideally, utilize no sweeteners, particularly sugar.
A splash of milk or cream in your coffee or tea is OKAY, however beware that the carbs can build up if you drink multiple cups in a day (and certainly avoid caffe lattes!). The periodic glass of wine is great too.
Take a look at our complete guides to keto drinks and keto alcohol.
How low carb is a keto diet?
A keto diet is an extremely rigorous low-carb diet plan, consisting of less than 20 grams of net carbohydrates per day.
We recommend starting out by following the dietary recommendations as strictly as you can. When you more than happy with your weight and health, you might carefully try consuming a couple of more carbs (if you want to). Discover more.
Keto Ground Beef Skillet Recipes
3. Keto advantages: Why eat a keto diet plan.
The advantages of a ketogenic diet resemble those of other low-carb and higher-fat diets, but it appears to be more powerful than liberal low-carb diets.19 Think of keto as a super-charged, low-carb diet plan, making the most of the benefits. However, it might also increase the danger of side effects a bit.
Turning your body into a fat-burning device can be advantageous for weight loss. Weight loss is substantially increased, while insulin– the fat-storing hormone– levels drop considerably. This appears to make it far easier for body fat loss to happen, without cravings.
More than 30 premium scientific studies reveal that, compared to other diets, low-carb and keto diet plans result in more effective weight loss.
On a keto diet you’re likely to acquire much better control of your cravings. It’s an extremely typical experience for sensations of hunger to reduce drastically, and research studies show it.23.
This usually makes it easy to eat less and lose excess weight– just wait till you’re starving before you consume.24 It likewise makes intermittent fasting simpler, something that can boost efforts to reverse type 2 diabetes and accelerate weight reduction, beyond the effects of keto only.25.
Plus, you might conserve money and time by not needing to treat all the time. Lots of people just feel the need to eat twice a day on a keto diet plan (frequently skipping breakfast), and some simply consume once a day.26.
Not having to fight feelings of appetite could also possibly help with issues like sugar or food dependency.27 At last, feeling pleased can be part of the option. Food can stop being an opponent and become your friend, or just fuel– whatever you prefer.
Low carb and diabetes reversalControl blood sugar level and reverse type 2 diabetes.
Studies prove that a ketogenic diet plan is excellent for handling type 2 diabetes, often even resulting in finish reversal of the illness.28 It makes ideal sense, since keto lowers blood-sugar levels, decreases the requirement for medications and decreases the potentially unfavorable effect of high insulin levels.29.
Since a keto diet may reverse existing type 2 diabetes, it’s most likely to be effective at preventing it, in addition to reversing pre-diabetes.30.
Keep in mind that the term “turnaround” in this context just indicates that the illness improves, enhancing glucose control and decreasing the requirement for medications. In the best case, it can be a lot improved that blood sugar go back to typical without medication, long term. In this context, reversal implies the reverse of the illness advancing or worsening.
However, way of life modifications just work when you do them. If a person go back to the way of life he or she had when type 2 diabetes appeared and advanced, gradually it is most likely to return and progress once again.
Improved health markers.
Numerous research studies show that low-carb diets enhance several crucial danger aspects for cardiovascular disease, including the cholesterol profile, which includes high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and triglycerides. Overall and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels are generally affected decently.
It’s likewise typical to see improved blood sugar levels, insulin levels, and blood pressure.32.
These commonly improved markers are linked to something called “metabolic syndrome,” an insulin-resistant condition that low-carb diets treat successfully.33.
Keto diet plan and constant energy and mental efficiency.
Some individuals use ketogenic diet plans particularly for increased psychological performance. Likewise, it’s common for individuals to experience a boost in energy when in ketosis.35.
On keto, the brain does not require dietary carbohydrates. It’s sustained 24-7 by ketones together with a smaller sized quantity of glucose manufactured by your liver. There is no requirement for dietary carbohydrates.36.
For that reason, ketosis results in a stable circulation of fuel (ketones) to the brain, hence preventing problems experienced with big blood sugar level swings.37 This might often lead to improved focus and concentration, and resolution of brain fog, with enhanced psychological clearness.38.
Keto and IBS.
A keto diet plan can lead to a calmer stomach, less gas, fewer cramps and less discomfort, typically leading to enhancements in IBS signs.39.
For some people this is the top advantage, and it frequently just takes a day or 2 to experience it.40.
Increased physical endurance.
Ketogenic diets can in theory increase your physical endurance by improving your access to the vast quantities of energy in your fat shops.
The body’s supply of saved carbohydrates (glycogen) only lasts for a number of hours of extreme exercise, or less. However your fat shops carry enough energy to possibly last for weeks.
Beyond this result, another possible advantage is the reduction in body fat percentage that can be attained on a keto diet plan (see weight reduction, above). This reduction in body fat weight is potentially important in a variety of competitive sports, including endurance sports.
Keto diets and epilepsy
The ketogenic diet plan is a tested and typically effective medical therapy for epilepsy that has actually been utilized considering that the 1920s. Generally it was used primarily for kids, but in the last few years grownups have benefited from it as well.
Using a ketogenic diet for epilepsy can enable some people to take fewer anti-epileptic drugs or none at all, while potentially still remaining seizure-free. This may reduce drug adverse effects and thus increase psychological efficiency.
More possible keto advantages.
A keto diet can also assist deal with high blood pressure,46 may result in less acne,47 and may assist control migraine.48 It might also help enhance numerous cases of PCOS and heartburn, while also frequently minimizing sugar yearnings. Finally it might assist with certain mental health concerns and can have other possible benefits.
It may seem like a keto diet is a miracle remedy for anything. It’s certainly not. While it can have many benefits, it’s not for everybody. Find out more about if a low-carb or keto diet is right for you.
4. How to get into ketosis on a keto diet.
Here are the seven essential things to increase your level of ketosis, ranked from many to least essential:.
Restrict carbohydrates to 20 digestible grams daily or less— a rigorous low-carb or keto diet. Fiber does not have to be limited, it might even be useful for ketosis.50.
Frequently, just limiting carbohydrates to very low levels leads to ketosis. So this may be all you need to do. But the rest of the list below will assist make sure that you achieve success.
Consume enough fat to feel satisfied. A keto low-carb diet plan is typically a higher-fat diet, because fat supplies the energy that you are no longer obtaining from carbohydrates.51 This is the huge distinction in between a keto diet and hunger, which also results in ketosis. A keto diet is sustainable while starvation is not.52.
If you feel as if you’re starving, you’re most likely to feel exhausted and wish to give up your diet. But a ketogenic diet needs to assist you prevent getting too starving, making it sustainable and potentially making you feel fantastic.53.
So consume adequate protein foods and low-carb veggies, with enough included fat to feel satisfied. If you’re starving all the time, check that you are getting adequate quantities of protein at most meals and, if so, include more fat to your meals (like more butter, more olive oil, or some delicious sauces).
Our keto recipes have a lot of fat consisted of, but you can adjust up or down, according to your own needs.
Maintain a moderate protein intake. A keto diet is not indicated to be a very-high-protein diet plan. We recommend 1.2 to 1.7 grams of protein per kg of reference body weight daily.54 This means about 100 grams of protein per day if your lean body mass weight is around 70 kilos (155 pounds). Check out our target protein ranges to find out just how much protein you must be aiming for every day.
Despite issues that people on keto diet plans consume “excessive” protein, this does not appear to be the case for the majority of people. Due to the fact that it is very filling, most people discover it challenging to overeat protein.55.
Although amino acids from protein foods can be converted to glucose, under speculative conditions, just a small percentage in fact are.56 This may be connected to individual elements, such as degree of insulin resistance.57 Nevertheless, even people with type 2 diabetes normally do well with the adequate levels of protein Diet plan Doctor advises, if their diets are likewise low carbohydrate.58.
At the same time, insufficient protein consumption over extended amount of times is a serious concern. It can lead to loss of muscle and bone, specifically as you age.
Prevent snacking when not starving. Consuming more frequently than you need, simply eating for enjoyable, or eating because there’s food around, lowers ketosis and decreases weight loss.59 Though using keto treats may minimize the damage when you’re starving between meals, try to adjust your meals so that treats end up being unnecessary.
If required, add intermittent fasting. For example, avoid breakfast and just eat during 8 hours of the day, fasting for 16 hours (i.e. 16:8 fasting). This works at improving ketone levels, as well as accelerating weight loss and improving insulin resistance.60 It’s also generally easy to do on keto.
Include workout. Adding any type of physical activity while on low carbohydrate can increase ketone levels reasonably.61 It can also help speed up weight-loss and enhance type 2 diabetes.62 Exercise is not needed to enter into ketosis, but it might be practical.
Sleep enough and minimize tension. Many people take advantage of a minimum of 7 hours of sleep per night, on average. And attempt to keep tension under control. Sleep deprivation and tension hormonal agents raise blood glucose levels, slowing ketosis and weight loss.63 Plus they might make it harder to stay with a keto diet and withstand temptations.64 So while dealing with sleep and stress will not get you into ketosis on their own, they are still worth considering.
Keto supplements are not needed. Note what’s not on the list above: you do not require costly supplements, like exogenous ketones or MCT oil (medium-chain triglycerides). These supplements will likely not assist you reduce weight or reverse illness. At least there’s no proof for that.65 Learn more in our ketosis guide.
Bottom line: To get into ketosis, limit carbohydrates to extremely low levels, ideally listed below 20 net carbohydrates daily. That’s a ketogenic diet, and it’s without a doubt the most essential thing for ketosis to happen.
Must you need to increase the effect, carry out more steps from the list above, starting from the top. Got concerns? Our Facebook group has answers.
5. How to understand you remain in ketosis.
How do you know if you’re in ketosis? It’s possible to measure it by evaluating urine, blood or breath samples. However there are also telltale signs that require no testing:.
Signs of ketosis: dry mouth, thirst, frequent urination.
Dry mouth and increased thirst. Unless you consume adequate water and get enough electrolytes like salt, you may feel a dry mouth. Try a cup of bouillon or two everyday, plus as much water as you require. You might also feel a metal taste in your mouth.
Increased urination. A ketone body, acetoacetate, might end up in the urine. This makes it possible to evaluate for ketosis utilizing urine strips. It also– a minimum of when starting out– can lead to having to go to the restroom more often. This might be the main cause of the increased thirst (above).
Keto breath. This is due to a ketone body called acetone leaving through our breath.68 It can make a person’s breath odor “fruity,” or comparable to nail polish cleaner. This odor can often also come from sweat, when exercising. It’s typically temporary.
Other, less specific however more positive signs consist of:.
Minimized hunger. Many individuals experience a marked reduction in appetite on a keto diet plan.69 In fact, many people feel excellent when they eat simply one or two times a day, and may automatically end up doing a kind of periodic fasting. This conserves money and time, while likewise accelerating weight loss.70.
Possibly increased energy. After a few days of feeling exhausted (the “keto flu”) many people experience a clear increase in energy levels. This can likewise be experienced as clear thinking, a lack of “brain fog,” or perhaps a sense of ecstasy.71.
There are three ways to determine for ketones, which all included advantages and disadvantages. For an in-depth comparison, see our full guide to the best way to test ketones.
Breath ketone analyzers.
Blood ketone meter.
6. Practical keto diet guides.
A keto diet is easy, but it assists to discover some basic brand-new abilities. How do you prepare easy keto breakfasts? Have you avoided fat for several years and do not know how to get more in your diet plan? How do you eat in restaurants and still remain on plan?
These ideas and guides respond to common keto questions.
How should you start your day? If you like bacon and eggs, dig in! If you don’t, some awesome keto breakfasts have no eggs at all.
Have you been told that “breakfast is the most crucial meal of the day”? That’s most likely not real.73 If you’re not starving when you get up, feel free to avoid breakfast or simply have a cup of coffee. Lowered appetite prevails on a keto diet, so don’t worry about avoiding any meal.74.
If you’re hungry when you get up however are short on time, many keto breakfasts are yummy, filling and quick. All keto breakfasts.
Hmmm, what to eat for lunch or dinner? Daily meal planning can be as basic as meat, fish or chicken mains with a salad, or veggie side– with melted butter, cheese, or a delicious full-fat sauce. We have numerous options for tasty keto meals.
A keto diet plan on a budget.
Lots of people believe that a keto diet is pricey, and it can be. After all, good-quality food costs more than unhealthier choices. However there are lots of methods to remain budget-friendly, and in this guide you’ll discover everything about them.
Consuming more fat on a keto diet plan.
How to consume more fat.
For years we have actually been informed to fear fat, a position that we have evidence to seriously question.75 We now have reason to think that fat is likely not damaging, plus it is satiating and makes food taste terrific.
Do you require advice on how to add fat back into your food? What fats should you utilize, olive oil or butter? And just how much fat do you require each day? Suggestion: if you are continuously feeling starving on a keto diet, you may require more protein or fat, or both.
Bread is one of the most typical things that people miss on a ketogenic diet. Fear not! There are a lot of good keto bread alternatives. Keto Ground Beef Skillet Recipes
Eating in restaurants on a keto diet.
How do you eat keto at a buffet, a buddy’s home, or a snack bar? Avoid starchy foods (like bread, rice, or pasta) and ask for additional natural fat, like butter or olive oil, if you require it. Eating in restaurants on keto.
How to cheat on a keto diet.
To carb or not to carbohydrate? This guide will assist you decide, and how to do it smarter.
Avoid processed foods on a keto diet. Avoiding special items.
Don’t be tricked by the creative marketing of special “low-carb” items. Remember: An efficient keto diet plan for weight loss does not consist of improved and industrially processed foods.
Low-carb items like chocolate, sweet, pasta, and bread often utilize all kinds of deceptive marketing, while being simply processed food– including carbohydrates– in disguise. Learn more.
7. Potential side effects of a keto diet.
- Feeling exhausted.
- Leg cramps.
- Heart palpitations.
- Exercise troubles.
- Alcohol tolerance.
- Loss of hair.
When you all of a sudden switch your body’s metabolism from burning carbohydrates (glucose) to fat and ketones, you might have some side effects as your body gets utilized to its new fuel, especially during days 2 through 5.
Symptoms might include headache, exhaustion, muscle fatigue, cramping, and heart palpitations. These adverse effects are short-term for the majority of people, and there are ways to lessen or cure them (see below).76.
To lower possible negative effects, you may choose to gradually decrease your intake of carbohydrates over a few weeks. However with a slower start you’ll likely not see results as rapidly. While the short-term outcomes may differ, the long-lasting outcomes should stay the exact same.77.
We recommend you stop sugar and starches simultaneously. You will likely lose a number of pounds within days. While much of the preliminary rapid weight loss is water weight (from lowered swelling), it’s still a highly encouraging method to begin your keto journey.
The majority of people who begin a ketogenic diet will experience some symptoms of the “keto flu.” This is what you may feel, basically, a couple of days after you have actually begun a keto diet plan:
Trouble focusing (” brain fog”).
Lack of inspiration.
These preliminary signs typically disappear within a week or 2, as your body adapts to increased fat loss.
The main reason for the keto flu is that carb-rich foods can result in water retention (swelling) in the body. When you start a low-carb diet plan much of this excess fluid is lost. You may see increased urination, and with that some additional salt is lost too.
Before your body adapts, this can result in dehydration and an absence of salt. These seem behind the majority of the signs of the keto flu.
You can reduce or even eliminate these symptoms by making sure you get enough water and salt. One easy way to do this is to drink a cup of bouillon or broth, one or two times a day.8081.
Keto diet debates.
A lot of negative effects of a keto diet plan are small and temporary. However there are a great deal of controversies and myths that frighten individuals. Keto Ground Beef Skillet Recipes
Have you heard that your brain will cease working unless you eat lots of carbs? It’s a myth, based upon an absence of understanding of the method the body works in ketosis (changing the fuel supply of the brain to ketones). Find out more.
Another common misconception is mixing up typical ketosis– resulting from a keto diet– with the harmful medical emergency ketoacidosis. Do not worry! They are 2 really various things. Ketoacidosis does not take place simply from consuming a keto diet plan.82.
The keto diet debates don’t stop there. Will keto kill your kidneys or destroy your bones? Will it stop your thyroid from working? See our low-carb and keto debates page, or select below.
Brain requires carbohydrates.
8. Keto Frequently Asked Question and other resources.
Keto questions and answersThere are numerous common questions about keto, and we do our best to address them all. Do not hesitate to have a look at our full keto diet Frequently Asked Question, or pick listed below:.
Just how much weight will I lose on a keto diet?
Results differ widely. Most people lose 2-4 pounds (1-2 kg) throughout the first week. This is primarily water weight. After that, it prevails to lose about 1 pound (0.5 kg) of excess weight each week. Nevertheless, some lose much quicker (typically younger guys), some a bit slower (typically ladies over 40).
You can accelerate the procedure or break a weight loss plateau by following our leading tips.
When you approach your regular body weight, the weight-loss will slow. Simply keep in mind, a “normal” body weight differs from person to person depending on our genetics and ecological direct exposures and may not fit what we see in the popular media. The weight loss will not go on forever. As long as you follow the guidance to eat when you are starving, you will ultimately stabilize your weight.
How do I track my carb intake?
If you use our keto dishes and keto meal plans you’ll stay under 20 net grams of carbohydrates each day, without any need to count.
Using our keto foods guidelines and visual guides will make it simple to approximate roughly the number of carbohydrates you eat in a day.
If you want to count carbs exactly, the most popular way is with apps like MyFitnessPal, Chronometer or others.
What happens after I reach my health and weight goals on a keto diet plan?
When you reach your goals you can either keep consuming keto (to keep the result), or you can attempt adding a bit more carbs. In the latter case the result of the keto diet will be slightly weaker, and you might or might not gain back some weight.
If you revert to your old routines, you’ll gradually return to the weight and health scenario you had before. It’s like exercising– if you stop doing it, you’ll gradually lose the advantages. As you may expect, a keto diet, like workout, just works when you do it.
Disclaimer: While the ketogenic diet plan has lots of proven benefits, it’s still questionable. The primary possible risk regards medications, e.g. for diabetes, where dosages may require to be adjusted (see above). Go over any modifications in medication and relevant lifestyle changes with your physician. Complete disclaimer.
This guide is composed for adults with health issues, including obesity, that could take advantage of a ketogenic diet.
Questionable subjects related to a keto diet plan, and our handle them, consist of saturated fats, cholesterol, whole grains, red meat, whether the brain needs carbs and limiting calories for weight reduction.

domain: food


Toughen up you big girls! Why are you whingeing about a bit of (alleged) racial abuse on the pitch? You do realise black players 20 years ago had it much worse 20 don’t you? As for this whole ‘kick racism out of football’ malarky it’s getting dead boring.
I paraphrase, but here are a few choice quotes from Steve Doughty today:
When we read about British footballers levelling complaints of racism against each other, it’s worth making the comparison with what passes as everyday behaviour in a nearby country we are often invited to admire.
Translated: let’s not take racism in British football seriously, because other countries are much worse.
the horrid and open abuse of the past is gone. When crowds pick on black players these days it is the exception, and the fact is quickly reported and condemned… Every club seems to be promoting a kick racism out of football campaign, beyond the point of boredom.
Translated: OK, so a couple of players claim to be have been racially abused, so what? Not like they get it all the time is it? Worse, even though racism isn’t that bad anymore the bloody clubs keep banging on about stopping racism all the bloody time. (Or, he might mean that football without racism is boring.)
I took my elderly mother to watch a game at Highbury for the last time before they knocked it down… In the second half Arsenal sent on an African forward called Kanu. Kanu could either be brilliant or spend all afternoon falling over the ball. On this occasion he kept falling over the ball. A youngish bloke sitting in front of us lost his temper after one particularly ludicrous pratfall and yelled, at the top of his voice, something about ‘you black b*****d’.
There was a terrible silence.
The bloke leaped up and wheeled round 180 degrees in the same movement, shoved his face straight in front of my mother’s, and said in firm and formal tones: ‘I’m terribly sorry about the racist comment.’
You could not imagine such a thing happening at a football match 30 years ago.
Hurrah, you see? Racists apologise politely to old ladies straight afterwords! Aren’t the blacks living in a dream world! This is wonderful progress:
Football reflects us all as it always did, and these days it’s both racist and not racist at the same time. Things may not be perfect but, at the end of the day, Gary, there are worse things to complain about.
Football, you see, reflects us all according to Steve Doughty which makes us all racist and not racist at the same time – by which he means we all complain about ‘black bastards’ but we do apologise straight afterwords if an old lady happens to be present.
I’m pretty sure Steve Doughty isn’t speaking for me here.
Anyway, he does make his message to black footballers clear right at the end – just in case they didn’t pick up on the vibes throughout the article:
So, Mr Evra and Mr Ferdinand, I know you feel insulted. But perhaps in this case you could just put up with it and get on with the game.
Another wonderful contribution to ‘Rightminds’ – Simon Heffer must be so proud.


text:
Peace Hospice Care is working with other charities to call on all the government for extra funding to improve end-of-life care
At Peace Hospice Care, we believe that everyone in our community should have free support at the end of their lives and be able to choose where to spend their last days. However, all too often, we know this is sadly not the case.
So we are working hard with other charities to call on all the government and local MPs to ensure that the funding needs to improve end- of- life care are addressed.
According to recent research, two-thirds of people would choose to spend their last days in their own homes and a further 29% would prefer to be cared for in a hospice, rather than in hospital or a care home.
The sad reality, however, is that the vast majority of people do not end of their lives where they would choose to, with more than half of deaths occurring in NHS hospitals, only around 21% of people able to stay at home and just 5% able to access a hospice.
A poll of health and social care professionals found that 73% agree some of the money spent on end- of- life care in hospitals could be better spent on social care services, like those provided by hospices. In fact, it has been found that hospital costs at the end of life can be more than five times the cost of social care in the community.
Despite this and the fact that NHS resources are increasingly stretched, we and many other hospices have not seen our statutory funding increase in- line with the growing demand for our services. While we are working hard to change this, we remain heavily dependent on charitable income from local people and businesses to cover our costs.
At present, we have to generate more than £4million every year from our local community.
Even this is not enough to achieve our vision of giving free care to all those who need us because, although we help around 1,500 people in South West Herts each year, we know there are many more who cannot access our services.
- Strictly March 2019 Winners' Interview
- 21 Aug 2019
- Mindcraft Returns
- 16 Aug 2019
- Board Members Required
- 14 Aug 2019
- Graham Taylor Remembered and Honoured
- 31 Jul 2019
- Starlight Walk Returns
- 21 Jun 2019
- Volunteers' Week 2019
- 4 Jun 2019
- Borehamwood Shop Re-opens
- 16 May 2019


text:
Several older Roku devices will lose access to the latest Hulu app on June 24, 2020, the subscription-based streaming service has announced with an update to its support pages.
Users of the affected devices will see messages like "Hulu is no longer supported on this device," or simply "your user session has expired," according to Hulu documentation.
However, with this change, it appears that users of these models will not be able to access Hulu in any form after the end-of-support date.
This end-of-the-road problem isn't unique to either Roku or Hulu; HBO recently announced that it would end support for older Apple TV devices.
In December, Hulu announced that newer Roku devices were getting 4K and 5.1 audio, so modern devices like the Roku Ultra and Roku TVs are still being actively supported—though it's worth noting that newly added 4K support came after a long and frustrating saga for Roku users.

domain: news


text:
When Abby, Kathy Bellon’s miniature dachshund began vomiting and having diarrhea frequently at age 1½, the Susquehanna Twp. resident took her to a specialist out of state.
She was devastated to hear that her dog — whom she admits is just like her child — was dying of aggressive intestinal lymphoma and given only about a month to live.
Back home, friends encouraged her to visit Dr. Alan Kirmayer, one of our area’s only pet oncologists, located at the Animal Hospital of Rye in Marysville.
“Five years later and my baby is cancer free,” Bellon said. “For me, Dr. Kirmayer is a hero, a lifesaver. Unfortunately, not enough pet owners know he’s here and he can help.”
When a pet gets cancer, owners often think there’s nothing that can be done, but actually chemotherapy treatments alone or in combination with surgery and radiation can often be an option.
“Just like in people, not every cancer is treatable, depending on the type and stage,” said Kirmayer, who devotes more than half his practice to pet oncology and sees pet owners from as far away as Bradford County. “Owners should at least seek the opinion of someone trained in cancer therapy.”
With a cancer such as lymphoma, the most common and most treatable form of cancer in pets, there’s an 85 percent to 90 percent chance of attaining a long-term remission of a year or more, Kirmayer said.
Things that owners should consider when deciding whether to treat a pet with cancer include the type of cancer, the overall condition of the pet and the cost of treatment if they don’t have pet insurance, which owners usually do not, he said.
The cost of an average chemotherapy course of treatment — 15 treatments over 23 weeks — for lymphoma is $3,000 to $4,000, which includes lab work and doctor visits, Kirmayer said.
“The majority of pet owners I see go ahead and do it,” he said. “Most say their pet is like a child to them and they’ll do whatever is possible. In this economy, though, I have had more owners asking about other options. There are some palliative things that can be done.”
Kirmayer most often treats dogs, but also treats many cats and an occasional ferret, he said.
Pet oncology is a growing yet specialized field that draws few veterinarians, perhaps due to the cost and commitment of a vet oncology practice. The Veterinary Cancer Society, a professional organization, lists 800 members while there are about 90,000 veterinarians in the U.S., according to statistics from the American Veterinary Medical Association.
Kirmayer did his internship and residency at the University of Pennsylvania in internal medicine, which included oncology. When he opened his practice in 1989, he immediately saw a huge need for pet oncology services and his practice drifted in that direction to meet the demand, he said.
The Animal Hospital of Rye offers surgery and chemotherapy, but refers dogs to Gaithersburg, Md., or Philadelphia if they need radiation treatments. Cyberknife technology, a very site-specific radiologic surgery especially useful on brain tumors, is an exciting new option for pets, but there are only three sites open so far and the closest to us is in Yonkers, N.Y., he said.
Kirmayer oversees some 20 to 30 chemo treatments a day, he said. Given orally and/or intravenously, it attacks the process of cancer cells’ growth and division. “The biologic behavior of the cancer is identical to what you see in people, and for lymphoma, for example, we use the exact same drugs that are used in people,” Kirmayer said.
Sometimes, there are more advanced options for pets than what is available for humans. For instance, there is a melanoma vaccine, made of DNA from melanoma that is altered so that it stimulates a dog’s immune system to fight the cancer.
Often pets handle cancer treatments much better than humans and usually don’t have side effects, Kirmayer said.
Ainsley, a 6-year-old Australian shepherd mix currently getting chemotherapy for lymphoma, runs five times a week and does eight-mile weekend hikes with owner Alecia Sundsmo.
“When I took him to Dr. Kirmayer, he had dropped 20 percent of his body weight, his kidneys were failing and he was starting to collapse and have convulsions,” the Carlisle resident said. “His prognosis looks good, but we don’t know how long he will stay in remission once we stop treatments.”
The cost was daunting to Sundsmo, a psychologist who had just closed on her first house when Ainsley got sick. She used money intended for house renovations on the dog’s treatment.
“He was a rescue dog and I got him when he was 11 weeks old. He’s been a big part of my life and I knew if there were a way I could make it work financially, I would,” she said.
Having had two previous golden retrievers with cancer, Jackson Twp. resident Nancy Yutronich purchased pet insurance when she got two more golden retrievers. The premiums started out at $28 per month and increased as the dogs aged, she said.
In the summer of 2010, Dillon, now 8½ years old, got a mass cell tumor on his neck, for which he needed surgery and six months of chemo. It was all covered by insurance.
By then, Yutronich had also taken in Lyndsey, an 11-year-old golden retriever whose owners — her friends — had died in a motorcycle accident. Lyndsey ended up having melanoma and another type of cancer that meant she needed her leg amputated.
“We didn’t have insurance on her, but we went ahead for our friends’ memory, to give her a chance at life,” said Yutronich, a nurse who is married to a doctor. “She swims in the pool with three legs and is doing great. Dillon is doing great, too.”
Even when the treatments aren’t successful, Kirmayer said he’s never heard a pet owner express regret for trying.
“There’s nothing worse than giving up, and it’s so exciting to see a dog with a death sentence do well and see how happy the family is,” he said. “That’s why I do what I do.”
Ten common signs of cancer in small animals:
- Abnormal swellings that persist or continue to grow.
- Sores that do not heal.
- Weight loss.
- Loss of appetite.
- Bleeding or discharge from any body opening.
- Offensive odor.
- Difficulty eating or swallowing.
- Hesitation to exercise or loss of stamina.
- Persistent lameness or stiffness.
- Difficulty breathing, urinating or defecating.
- Written by CAROLYN KIMMEL, For The Patriot-News

domain: pet


Eddie vedder dating history potassium isotope dating
Right before Eddie left Bad Radio, they opened for Andy Summers at the Bucchanal in San Diego.After the show, Eddie jumped off stage to talk to a pal of his, who had ...
Everyone in the band said that performance made things better for a while. Eddie Vedder Accidentally Becomes White House Advisor The day after Kurt Cobain’s body was found, Pearl Jam coincidentally had been invited to the White House about possibly performing at decommissioned military bases.
Kurt was producing The Melvins’ album, which was their major label debut.
He wasn’t very effective as a producer because he was nodding out a lot in the studio and ultimately Buzz got him kicked off as producer.
Known for his distinctive and powerful vocals, he has been ranked at #7 on a list of "Best Lead Singers of All Time", compiled by Rolling Stone.
Eddie Vedder was known in San Diego for being a surfer and a singer in the progressive rock band Bad Radio, where he sang in the 80's until he departed to join Pearl Jam in 1990.


text:
February 24, 2018
By Wes Ishmael
Cattle feeders keep placing more cattle than some expect, according to Friday’s monthly Cattle on Feed report.
There were 2.07 million head placed in feedlots (1,000+ capacity) during January, which was 4.4% more (+87,000 head) than the previous year. Most expected placements to be even with last year or slightly less, given the drought-forced early placements of recent months.
Analysts with the Livestock Marketing Information Center (LMIC) note in the most recent Livestock Monitor that the number of cattle grazing small grains pastures at the beginning of the year (Kansas, Oklahoma and Texas) was 300,000 head (17% less) than a year earlier.
Some also expected rising feedlot breakevens to slow placements.
Heading into the report, analysts with Allendale, Inc. explained, “Finished cattle from January through March are estimated with a $123 breakeven, according to Kansas State University. This increases to $127 and $130 for April and May. From June on out, $120-$124 breakevens are noted.”
In terms of placement weights, 39.9% went on feed weighing 699 pounds or less; 50.4% weighed 700-899 pounds; 9.7% weighed more than 900 pounds.
“In recent months, the number of cattle placed into U.S. feedlots has been bolstered by the large 2017 calf crop, poor small grains (e.g., wheat) grazing conditions in the Southern Plains and rather good demand for animals to put on feed,” say LMIC analysts. “The spike up in placements is a double-edge sword. In the short term, feeder cattle supplies outside feedlots as of Jan. 1, 2018, were calculated to be below a year earlier (down 2.3% or 607,000 head), which tends to support prices.
“However, the placement pattern since last fall has put more slaughter cattle in the marketing window of late-May through mid-August than a year ago. Note that many of those animals are heifers. Those large marketings will likely pressure slaughter-ready steer and heifer prices, which are forecast to be below 2017’s. Those prices suggest dampened demand for feeder cattle late this spring on into the summer months.”
Unsurprising, given the expanding cowherd, was the increased total on-feed inventory and fed cattle marketings.
LMIC analysts explain USDA’s recent Cattle report pegged last year’s U.S. calf crop at 35.8 million. That was 2% more (751,000 head) than the previous year and the largest since 2009. This year began with 1.6% more beef cows than last year.
Total cattle on feed Feb. 1 was 11.63 million head (+848,000 head), which was 7.9% more than a year earlier, which was at the upper end of estimates ahead of the report.
Fed cattle marketing in January of 1.86 million head were 6.1% (107,000 head) more than the previous year.
Incidentally, cattle and calves on feed for slaughter in feedlots with capacity of 1,000 or more head represented 82% of all cattle and calves on feed in the United States January 1 of this year, compared to 81.2% at the same time last year.
You May Also Like
The dollars and sense of sustainabilityFeb 18, 2023
Current Conditions for
New York, NY
Enter a zip code to see the weather conditions for a different location.