The knocking sound repeating at a high frequency from the car engine is the last thing drivers desire. It’s not only annoying but also a sign of your car engine suffering from some serious damage or problems. So, what are the causes of the engine knocking sound? How to identify and eliminate the knocking sound in your engine effectively? This post has the answers you are looking for!
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What Is An Engine Knock?
The knocking sound in the engine occurs when the fuel/air mixture’s combustion in the cylinder is not ignited by the spark plugs. In simpler terms, the uneven burning of fuel in the engine cylinder will cause knocking.
After a pocket burn, the engine will generate a little knock to ignite the pocket and continue the igniting process. This can only happen when the fuel or air mixture is burnt evenly and simultaneously rather than in small pockets.
The uneven burn of fuel and air mixture will make the little shocks go off at different times and cause the annoying knocking sound. If you leave this issue going on, it may damage the engine’s cylinder and components.
Engine Knocking Causes
There are many types of engine knocking that lead to distinct issues, such as the detonation knock or rod knock. Identifying the problem is essential for fixing the engine and coming up with proper solutions.
Here are the six main causes of engine knocking sound.
In a properly functioning engine, the air and fuel mixture must be burned evenly in the cylinder’s single detonation. When this air/fuel mixture detonates in the cylinder more than one time, the detonation knock will occur.
It causes a part of this mixture to ignite early and collide with the mini fireballs, thus generating that annoying knocking sound. Detonation knock commonly happens when the fuel level is too low compared to the octane rating.
There’s a computer that decides when your car engine puts the spark lugs on fire. However, a damaged or malfunctioning computer may make the spark plugs fire at the wrong time and create a knocking sound.
Lean Fuel/Air Mixture
A lean mixture of fuel and air is caused by damage and issues in the oxygen sensors, fuel pump, airflow sensor, or fuel injectors. It occurs when your engine has too little fuel or too much air, which can lead to a lean fuel/air mixture.
As a result, it will slow down the burning speed of the cylinder and lead to random, multiple detonations.
Malfunctioning Knock Sensor
Since the firing timing and fuel injectors are controlled by a computer, a lean air mixture or detonation knock rarely occurs in a new car. A more common problem may come from your car’s knock sensor.
This sensor is in charge of detecting a knocking engine and alerting the car’s control unit. A malfunctioning knock sensor may alert the knock even when the problem is not present.
So, you should check the sensor before proceeding to examine your car engine.
Another common cause of the engine knocking sound is worn bearings or rod knocking. The car wheel normally receives power from the crankshaft, which is turned on when the engine’s pistons move up and down.
The rod bearings help smooth this movement, but they will make the pistons scratch against the engine’s crankshaft when wearing out. This rattling sound is very similar to a knock.
Bad Pulleys/ Belt Tensioners
The knocking sound doesn’t always come from the engine but sometimes from the belt tensioners or pulleys. These accessory belts will turn when your car is running, and they have to be put under a proper tension level.
If the tension is not right and causes the belt to bend or stress out, it will generate a rattling or slapping noise. Unfortunately, fixing these accessories is much simpler and more affordable than dealing with a knocking engine.
How To Fix Engine Knocking?
No one wants to hear engine knocking except the mechanic.
Most of us will have difficulty determining if the noise is rod knock, valve lifter tap, rocker arm, or spark knock. However, here are some steps that you can do to fix engine knock before it causes serious damage.
First step: Change Oil and Filter
Oil lubricates all moving parts that helps dissipate heat and remove metal filings and other debris. Even if the oil filter removes many of the particles, sludge still builds up and can recirculate back into engine parts.
So you should replace the oil and filter every 5,000 – 8,000 miles. The best is 3,000 miles or every 3 or 6 months.
Step 2: Using High Octane Fuel
Low-octane fuel may be cheaper, but repairing will be more costly and your engine performance is not running at full capacity
So make sure your engine uses the manufacturer’s recommended fuel.
Step 3. Prevent carbon build up with fuel detergent
Carbon build-up can cause hotspots and premature fuel-air detonation and make a knocking sound
Many fuels contain detergents to prevent carbon from building up on cylinder walls and spark plugs.
Step 4: Cleaning the Combustion Chamber
The combustion chamber contains a lot of carbon deposits, which will reduce the volume and increase the compression, reducing the efficiency of the combustion process
You can hire a mechanic or handle it yourself according to the video below
Step 5: Handling Spark Plugs
An incorrect setup spark plug can cause detonation, generating a spark knock. It will not spark if the clearance is too wide or too narrow.
Regularly checking and replacing spark plugs will help you avoid unnecessary damage
Step 6: Reduce charging temperature
Cool air will expand when heated, providing oxygen to the fuel-air combustion mixture. A lower air intake temperature and higher density engine intake charge help improve combustion and decrease the burn duration.
Step 7: Increase Engine Speed
The engine can’t be heated up will cause carbon buildup. But you can take a run on the highway for an hour to clean out the pipes.
Step 8: Replace Knock Sensor
The knock sensor is also a common cause when it’s not properly positioned. However, this requires an experienced mechanic
Step 9: Make Mixture Richer or Leaner
The perfect mixture burns all the fuel in the chamber and leaves no oxygen.
By lowering the compression temperature and reducing the incidence of premature detonation a rich mix will decrease knocking
At higher altitudes, the air will be thinner and need a larger volume to burn a similar amount of fuel in the air-fuel mixture.
The burn in the combustion chamber is complete with a leaner mixture have less chance of detonation knocking
The first solution is to equip a higher octane rating on the engine’s gasoline, which can bear higher pressure. You should prioritize octane ratings that support carbon-cleaning additives.
Then, upgrade and replace the worn-out wires or spark plugs in your engine.
Don’t forget to change the engine oil to avoid low oil levels and improper lubrication in the engine’s components.
Is It Expensive To Fix An Engine Knock?
If you hire professionals to fix an engine knock, the labor and components cost can push the price up to $2000 or even $3000. If the damage is too severe, you have to pay even more to buy and replace new components for the engine.
Therefore, never underestimate the consequence of the knocking engine. Take your care to the repair facility right after you hear the annoying knocking sound.
How Long Can You Drive With A Knocking Engine?
When the engine starts knocking, its rod can fracture at any moment. If you are “lucky”, the engine may function for a few months before it breaks down.
If you’re unlucky, the knocking engine can totally break down the next time you pull off the engine. Therefore, never drive a car with a knocking engine for long.
Is Rod Knock Worth Fixing?
Rod knock is among the most serious issues, which indicates that your car engine is not working properly. This issue won’t be resolved, and it requires immediate reparation.
Can An Oil Change Fix The Rod Knock?
No, an oil change cannot fix the fundamental issues of the rod knock. Even worse, oil changing may lower the engine’s pressure and make the problem more severe.
The engine knocking sound indicates that some components in your engine are malfunctioning, and the problem should be noticed. It will cost a lot of money and time to repair and replace the damaged components in the engine.
Ensure your vehicle is checked and maintained regularly, especially in its engine. I hope that the information provided in this post can help you avoid unnecessary loss and fix your knocking engine easier. Thank you for reading!
We want to build a community that loves motorsports and is willing to share knowledge and experience. What could be better than enjoying your favorite sport with people with the same passion?


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Wagner 62, Mount St. Mary’s, Md. 72
EMMITSBURG, Md. (AP)—Jean Cajou scored 18 of his 21 points in the second half to lead Mount St. Mary’s to a 72-62 win over Wagner in the Northeast Conference tournament quarterfinals on Thursday night.
Mount St. Mary’s (18-12), the defending NEC champions and the tournament’s second seed, advance to the semifinals for the third straight season to face third-seeded Sacred Heart on Sunday night.
With the scored tied at 52-52 with 6:41 left in the second half, Mount St. Mary’s scored seven straight points to take a 59-52 advantage. Justin Drummond’s 3-pointer with 2:28 left cut the lead to 61-59 for Wagner (16-14).
But Cajou, who went 3 of 6 from beyond the arc, hit a 3-pointer and made two free throws to push Mount St. Mary’s margin to seven points with 1:07 remaining to pull away.
Joey Mundweiler led Wagner with 22 points on 7-of-13 shooting from 3-point range.


With a strong economy and mortgage interest rates trending downward, sales of luxury home and condominiums in Chicagos posh lakefront neighborhoods should be robust in 2019.
After suffering through Chicagos Polar Vortex winter, many spring home buyers are putting a cozy fireplace high on their shopping wish list.
A unit owners lawsuit against a Gold Coast condominium association he says retaliated against him for expressing opinions about how it was managed will be allowed to move forward.
A 47-story glass retail, residential, and hotel tower could replace a shuttered building at Michigan Avenue & Wacker Place that once housed a Walgreens.
As mortgage interest rates continue to fall, now is the perfect time for prospective home buyers to get off the fence and dive into the spring house-hunting market.
How much house do you really need? Profit-oriented new home builders, who are always sniffing the winds of change, are targeting smaller, more affordable houses in 2019.
A new 482-unit mixed-income residential complex, including a 21-story high-rise, will be built on the former site of a high school that once served the public housing complex.
You do not need to be a rocket scientist or even a real estate developer to see the future of the Windy City. The Manhattanization of Chicago is in full swing with several multi-billion-dollar projects on the drawing board.
Chicago animal lovers who are apartment hunting this spring should be aware that pet policies are costly and filled with restrictions, especially in luxury high-rises.
A battle between tenant advocacy groups and Chicago apartment landlords is heating up in the Illinois Legislature surrounding a new proposed statewide Rent Control Act.


text:
Love Has Come For You
Reviewed by Jane Roser
When Edie Brickell & New Bohemians released Shooting Rubberbands at the Stars, I was a junior in high school and listened mostly to music of the sixties, namely The Grateful Dead, Cat Stevens and Jethro Tull. I fell in love with the captivating lyrics and unique vocal style that Edie Brickell evoked. When Ghost of a Dog was released two years later, her bewitching ballads such as “He Said”, “This Eye” and “Stwisted” made me categorize Edie Brickell alongside Bono, Sting and Sarah McLachlan as one of the most consistently brilliant singer-songwriters of the 20th century.
I was tickled pink when I heard that Edie Brickell would be collaborating with Steve Martin on an album of 13 original compositions, featuring Grammy Award winning artists Esperanza Spalding on bass and the Steep Canyon Rangers, a fabulous North Carolina based bluegrass band Martin regularly performs with, along for the ride.
My friend, former lead guitarist for John Denver, Steve Weisberg, recalls hanging out and performing with Steve Martin during their days in Aspen: “He was very quiet offstage, until that inner madman came unleashed. When he sat in, he literally never spoke into the mike. Not a syllable. He just wanted to play banjo. He was (and is) a killer banjo player.”
Love Has Come For You is a modern take on traditional bluegrass tunes. These tunes take a simple narrative, usually tragic and melancholy, and transform it into either an eerie lament or a foot-stomping jamboree you would most likely hear on a Sunday afternoon at Floyd’s County Store. And if you don’t know what Floyd’s is, Google it immediately and see how impressed you suddenly are.
There is a luminous radiance to these songs, as well as wit and sauciness. “Siamese Cat” has kitschy lyrics such as, “I like your Siamese cat, I like your cowboy hat, but I don’t like your daughter” and at the end of the song, there’s a clever, oh-so-subtle insert of a kitty purring. “Get Along Stray Dog” is a fun, blissful ditty which makes me want to go outside and frolic. Or hula-hoop. “Sarah Jane and the Iron Mountain Baby” is a twisted tale of a baby in a suitcase that is thrown off a bridge and adopted by a local family: “What kind of devil could have thrown a little fella off the train in the first place?” Steve Martin’s fast paced, masterly banjo picking moves the tune along as fast as the old steam train they’re singing about. This is also the best song title I’ve heard of since Frank Zappa’s “My Guitar Wants To Kill Your Mama” (actually since just about any Frank Zappa song title). “Shawnee” defies description. When you have a lyric that goes: “You know my creepy cousin with the handlebar mustache? He opened up a cold one and sat on my lap.” you are suddenly out of the traditional bluegrass fare and forging a new path, which is what bluegrass has always done since it’s humble beginnings in the Appalachia region over 130 years ago. The album concludes with the mournful ballad “Remember Me This Way” which, to me, echoes ghostly sentiments reminiscent of Civil War era melodies. Haunting, sad and final.
Love Has Come For You is a gratifying masterpiece of soulful expression, sincere in execution, poetic in delivery. Bluegrass legend Earl Scruggs once said “If you don’t let things develop, it’s like keeping something in a bag and not letting it out to fly.” Well, this album has wings, for damn sure.

domain: artistic


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text:
[Autom. eng. transl.] The wide introduction to the collection of programmatic articles of 124 among the most interesting literary journals of the twentieth century provides the coordinates of the historical situation that has fueled the flowering of this aggregation channel and cultural mediation so characteristic of the last century, in one with the commitment by intellectuals to give literature a hegemonic, or at least critical, role of proposal or lookout, in the incipient and then triumphant mass society.
|Translated title of the contribution||[Autom. eng. transl.] Introduction.|
|Title of host publication||Il secolo dei manifesti. Programmi delle riviste del Novecento|
|Number of pages||18|
|Publication status||Published - 2006|
- Riviste italiane Novecento

domain: library


text:
Which airlines fly from Amsterdam to Seville?
Flights from Amsterdam to Seville are operated by Transavia and TAP AIR PORTUGAL, partners of virail.
Which airports can you leave and where do the flights land in Seville?
Schiphol and Sevilla are the departure and arrival ariports in Amsterdam and Seville.
For a few years, new regulations concerning the transport of liquids have been in place for security reasons. You are allowed to take with you up to 10 containers of no more than 100ml each. Remember than many make-up products, and toothpaste as well, belong to this category and therefore have to be carried in a small transparent and re-sealable bag.
When is the first flight to Seville scheduled?
The first flight leaves Amsterdam at 07:05, while the last one to get to Seville is scheduled at 19:05.
How long does it take to reach Seville by plane?
Direct flights from Amsterdam to Seville need at least 2 hours and 55 minutes to reach Seville.
Considering the long distance between Seville and Amsterdam, a flight is undoubtedly the fastest option.

domain: travel


text:
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Thank you for taking time out to visit Country Tails Boarding Kennels Inc.! We are a small, family-run boarding kennel near Calgary (we’re located in Crossfield, Alberta, just 35 minutes northeast of Calgary). We take pride in providing your dogs and cats with lots of tender love and care in a quiet, country setting that feels just like home. We strive to maintain a comfortable, clean environment where your pets’ health, safety, and enjoyment are always paramount. Our goal is to make your pets feel as at home as possible because we want your pets to have a wonderful stay with us!
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domain: pet


Let’s look at what’s really going on.
Russell Brand and his guest on his BBC Radio 2 show – Jonathan Ross, who has his own show – initiated a prank on Fawlty Towers actor Andrew Sachs, who had been due to be a guest on Brand’s show, but had pulled out. Together they decided to conduct the interview on Sachs’ answering machine, but things rapidly went wrong after Ross shouted “he fucked your granddaughter”:
Things to bear in mind:
- Brand had had a sexual relationship with Georgina Baillie
- Georgina Baillie is a member of burlesque dance troupe Satanic Sluts
- The programme was pre-recorded and not transmitted live
- Andrew Sachs wasn’t asked for his permission to transmit the show as recorded, but did agree to redo the show the following week in person, and accepted both stars’ initial apologies
When the show was transmitted there were TWO complaints. The following 29,998 came almost entirely from the Mail on Sunday, which decided a week later to whip up a moral panic, appealing to the British instinct to find offence for other people (even if they aren’t offended). As a result Brand has been driven to resignation, as has BBC Radio 2 controller Lesley Douglas, and Jonathan Ross has been put on suspension without pay for 3 months. The BBC Trust has said:
The Trust is dismayed both that the offensive comments broadcast on the Russell Brand Show on 18 October fell so far short of audiences’ legitimate expectations, and by the deplorable intrusion in to the privacy of Mr Sachs and his granddaughter.
The transmission of these comments via a BBC Radio programme represents an abuse of the privilege given to the BBC to broadcast to its audiences.
On behalf of the BBC, the Trust offers a full and unreserved apology to Andrew Sachs, Georgina Baillie and the rest of his family. The Trust extends this apology to licence fee payers as a whole.
Hold on. To licence fee payers as a whole? It’s apologising to me, for what exactly? A couple of overly paid idiots who overstepped the mark with a colleague, and transmitting a show which barely anyone noticed? Isn’t that what ‘cutting edge’ comedy performers like Brand do ? Peter Tatchell puts things into perspective:
So far, nearly 30,000 members of the public have lodged complaints. How many of them have complained about the BBC’s tacit glorification and promotion of greed and nastiness in programmes like The Apprentice and The Weakest Link? Why don’t they kick up a fuss when the BBC gives airtime to religious fundamentalists who oppose equal rights for women, gay people and non-believers?
My point is that the public outcry is selective, as is the BBC’s heavy-handed response to Brand and Ross. It is totally out of proportion. A few silly, mindless quips have been elevated by mob instinct and moral panic into a supposed national scandal. It has knocked off the front pages the collapse of share prices, fuel poverty, house repossessions and a dozen other serious economic issues that are adversely affecting millions of Britons.
I couldn’t agree with him more. I may despise both Ross and Brand, but what was already a non-story has been manipulated into diverting our attention away from important issues, like how the recession is genuinely destroying people’s lives. Greg Dyke has a point when he says that the BBC’s desperation to keep ahold of Ross at all costs contributed to an unwarranted over-inflation of his ego. And Paul Gambaccini notes how absurd Lesley Douglas’ protection of Brand was, considering his extreme in-studio behaviour. But Dara O’Briain reminds us:
“We are now entering day six of man-has-his-feelings-hurt-gate. I stand by 100% any of the things we’ve ever said (on Mock the Week),” he said. “There’s no way we can ever do a show while thinking ‘Will David Davis MP approve of this?’ Not all shows are intended for all people.”
It’s a valid point. Did anyone really expect that listening to a Russell Brand radio show would be a genteel, sedate experience? If you don’t like Brand (and his reputation has been known worldwide for some time) don’t listen to him. He and Ross were called on their misbehaviour, they apologised and Sachs accepted their apology, yet now Tatchell again points out:
The BBC has apologised, condemning the two comics’ antics as “unacceptable and offensive”. This is rich coming from the BBC, which until not long ago allowed its music DJs to play records by reggae singers who encourage listeners to murder – yes, murder! – lesbian and gay people. Incitement to murder is a criminal offence, yet no BBC DJs were disciplined let alone prosecuted.
He’s right in identifying a serious flaw in the BBC’s acknowledgment of its public service remit in its selective apologies – here where it really isn’t due, where white, heterosexual, middle class sensibilities choose to be offended, and not at all when it gets it completely wrong, as in the example he cites. Brand and Ross’ general behaviour indeed sucks, but there have always been celebrities who have pushed the boundaries too far, none in my memory experiencing such penalties. If the BBC is going to produce cutting edge comedy there will always have to be risk-takers who will and must regularly make mistakes, although producer John Lloyd argues:
John Lloyd, the producer of Spitting Image who is also behind the Stephen Fry-fronted panel show QI, said he hoped the incident led to a reappraisal of how risk- taking television was defined.
“What passes for risk-taking in television today is showing people having sex on Big Brother. That’s not a risk – it’s just grubby,” he said.
Out of the militant ironies of satire came stand-up and its associated forms of reckless performing, elevated to an importance in Britain as nowhere else as both entertainment and social criticism. Mark Thompson and other BBC voices this week talked as though comedy had always depended on its “edginess” for its creativity; the days of Chaplin, the Marx Brothers and Dad’s Army might never have been. That view is as narrow as Hobbes’s. Worse, at least for the future of the world’s greatest public-funded broadcaster, is that edginess depends on the continual finding of new edges, breaking taboos and conventions that comprise ethical standards, which, however much they vary between generations, most of us hope will always be there.
The BBC can have one or the other; it has been greedy and desperate of it to try to have both.
But maybe they’re always going to have to walk that line and maybe always have instances of getting it wrong. Peter Tatchell’s right about the BBC’s craven hypocrisy, and the BBC should support its presenters, keep its failures in perspective and get a spine if it really is prepared to keep crossing this minefield. That it’s managed to so far has indeed resulted in ‘Allo ‘Allo, Dad’s Army as well as The Young Ones and Mock The Week. Tatchell is also dead right in advocating criticism, complaint, even condemnation of the BBC for what it does wrong, rather than for the mistakes it will inevitably make in walking down the complicated path of what it gets right. This is really a class-based political attack on the BBC and it’s pathetic that the corporation has caved in so feebly to it.


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When a person has a blockage in their sewage system they often try to fix it themselves by adding an acid or a base such as Drano in an attempt to dissolve or dislodge the problem. These chemicals can get into the plumbers eyes when the sewage is splashed during the repair. The plumbers skin during the repair does come into contact with the sewage water. The owner of the toilet might not report to the plumber they have already tried Drano a highly caustic base .
“Don’t go to the Yellow Pages to find a plumber,” says Berkey’s Bill Stevens. “It’s like guessing lottery numbers. Anyone can make an appealing ad, but that doesn’t mean they are legitimate. In this industry, it’s easy for a plumber who develops a poor reputation to advertise under a different name. They come and go.” Even searching for someone online may end up being a scam using fake reviews. Instead, look for a plumber who is well-established in your community. Check the Better Business Bureau and read customer reviews at sites such as HomeAdvisor, Angie’s List, or Citysearch. Local contractors or plumbing fixture stores can also refer you to a quality plumber, according to Grady Daniel, who owns a plumbing company in Austin, Texas. “Most of these firms won’t work with bad plumbers.” Or simply ask your neighbors for a referral. A trusted plumber that consistently delivers quality service does not remain a secret for very long.
No plumber is going to come right out and explain that they don’t have the required license to work for you. So if you know someone who is a great plumber, but they don’t have a license, hire them at your own risk. Licensed plumbers know the local building codes and regulations, have completed a certain amount of hours on the job and are insured. Want to become a master plumber yourself? Here are 28 tips.
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Alexa is an experienced lifestyle and news writer, currently working with Reader's Digest, Shape Magazine, and various other publications. She loves writing about her travels, health, wellness, home decor, food and drink, fashion, beauty, and scientific news. Follow her traveling adventures on Instagram: @living_by_lex, send her a message: [email protected], and check out her website: livingbylex.com
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Get a minimum of three bids. Estimates for an average-sized job should be within a few hundred dollars. Be suspicious of anything that is substantially lower or double the price of the rest, and watch out for hidden fees, like charges for travel expenses. They could be signs of a home improvement scam. A good plumber will not nickel and dime you like this, and many of us will offer free estimates.
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Despite the Romans' common use of lead pipes, their aqueducts rarely poisoned people. Unlike other parts of the world where lead pipes cause poisoning, the Roman water had so much calcium in it that a layer of plaque prevented the water contacting the lead itself. What often causes confusion is the large amount of evidence of widespread lead poisoning, particularly amongst those who would have had easy access to piped water. This was an unfortunate result of lead being used in cookware and as an additive to processed food and drink, for example as a preservative in wine. Roman lead pipe inscriptions provided information on the owner to prevent water theft.
Assuming that you do not heat water over an open fire when you want to shower or do the dishes, you probably use a modern water heater in your home. If this is the case, you know just how convenient this particular appliance can make your day-to-day life. When you are ready to have a new water heater installed in your home, or if you need a water heater repaired or just tuned up, call one of our team members. We’ll make sure that you are able to heat water for use throughout your home with the reliability and the efficiency that you deserve.
The difference between pipes and tubes is simply in the way it is sized. PVC pipe for plumbing applications and galvanized steel pipe for instance, are measured in IPS (iron pipe size). Copper tube, CPVC, PeX and other tubing is measured nominally, which is basically an average diameter. These sizing schemes allow for universal adaptation of transitional fittings. For instance, 1/2" PeX tubing is the same size as 1/2" copper tubing. 1/2" PVC on the other hand is not the same size as 1/2" tubing, and therefore requires either a threaded male or female adapter to connect them. When used in agricultural irrigation, the singular form "pipe" is often used as a plural.
Atomic Plumbing is your first call for Virginia Beach, Chesapeake, and Norfolk plumbing needs – residential or commercial. If you have a leaky pipe or drain clog, or wish to install new bathroom fixtures, Atomic Plumbing can help. Our plumbing team is certified and trained to tackle any sewer or drainage problem, using the latest parts and equipment to repair frozen or damaged pipes or faulty water heaters.
When you wash up before bed or take a nice, hot shower before heading off to work in the morning, it is your plumbing system that you are relying on. The same is true when you run your dishwasher or laundry machine. To say that your plumbing system plays a major role throughout the day, every day, in your home is to make a massive understatement. That is why it is so vital that you are able to use your plumbing system reliably, which in turn means that you must hire professional plumbers that you can count on to do the job right, such as those on our fine staff.
Plumbing is one of your home's main infrastructures - yet water can also be your home's nemesis. So count on True Value Hardware Stores to help you tackle any size plumbing job. From basic projects like installing a new faucet or water filter or opening a clogged drain; to a bit more complex like replacing a water heater, toilet or sump pump, we can help.
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We had a Saturday evening before Easter emergency when our water heater began leaking. We got the water turned off and contacted Atomic Plumbing. Their friendly appointment person told us they would have someone here the next morning, Easter! Jim came at 11 am and told us it would be best to replace it. We told him to go ahead. They went out and got a high quality one as we requested and installed it in a few hours. Very professional and kept us informed along the way. We appreciate Atomic Plumbing.
Much of the plumbing work in populated areas is regulated by government or quasi-government agencies due to the direct impact on the public's health, safety, and welfare. Plumbing installation and repair work on residences and other buildings generally must be done according to plumbing and building codes to protect the inhabitants of the buildings and to ensure safe, quality construction to future buyers. If permits are required for work, plumbing contractors typically secure them from the authorities on behalf of home or building owners.


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Hip Hop Vibe Staff Writer
Before Jay-Z left Roc-A-Fella Records, he had plans of making Young Chris the next face of the label. Chris had been signed with the Roc for four years at the time. But, he was only one half of the duo, Young Gunz. The duo had one hit, "Can't Stop/Won't Stop," and they were forgotten.
However, on the mixtape scene, Young Chris shined and Jay-Z was watching. But, in 2008, an offer was given to Jay-Z that he could not refuse. He landed the deal with Live Nation which led to the creation of Roc Nation. Following this deal, Young Chris hinted towards signing with the label.
But, after seeing how long J. Cole has been waiting to release his album, Young Chris decided to wait. Instead, he signed with Rico Love's Division1 label. Rico Love, himself, has a lucrative deal with powerhouse label, Universal Motown. Young Chris looked completely past Roc Nation and went ahead and signed with Division1.
Looking back on the move, Young Chris said it was one of the smartest moves he pulled off. He said he does not regret this deal at all. The reason Young Chris signed so easily with Rico Love was because he was so talented. Young Chris said the chemistry the two have is undeniable. With such strong chemistry, he could not waste any time putting together this deal. He already feels as if he has missed out on valuable time and he does not want to miss any more. Sometime next year, Young Chris wants to release his debut album.

domain: celebrity


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Preexisting contacts were people who had independently contacted one of us (L.D.). Social media contacts came from advertisements on the website of a thyroid cancer survivors’ group, Thyca (http://www.thyca.org).
The domains of experience identified among those who decided not to intervene, whether they had a biopsy or not, and whether their biopsy result was Bethesda III/IV or Bethesda V/VI were nearly identical; therefore, their findings are reported together as 1 group. Experiences of those who decided to have surgery or had a change in diagnosis were more heterogeneous.
Results are for the 18 people who had an incidental thyroid finding known or suspected to be thyroid cancer who elected to not intervene.
Seventeen of 18 participants are included in the count. Excluded is the one person who underwent surgery for a change in the thyroid finding after a period of surveillance.
Customize your JAMA Network experience by selecting one or more topics from the list below.
Davies L, Hendrickson CD, Hanson GS. Experience of US Patients Who Self-identify as Having an Overdiagnosed Thyroid Cancer: A Qualitative Analysis. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2017;143(7):663–669. doi:10.1001/jamaoto.2016.4749
What has been the experience of people who were among the first to question the practice of immediate intervention for their small, incidentally identified thyroid cancers?
In this qualitative study of 22 patients, participants reported receiving nonreassuring, unsupportive responses to their decision not to intervene; they experienced anxiety about disease progression, felt isolated, and most kept their diagnosis a secret because of their experiences. A substantial minority stopped monitoring their cancers as a result of their experiences.
If efforts to de-escalate treatment for small asymptomatic thyroid cancers are to expand, explicit social and health system support and educational strategies will be needed.
Overdiagnosis of cancer—the identification of cancers that are unlikely to progress—is a source of discomfort and challenge for patients, physicians, and health care systems. A major cause of this discomfort is the inability to know prospectively with certainty which cancers are overdiagnosed. In thyroid cancer, as patients have begun to understand this concept, some individuals are independently deciding not to intervene, despite this practice not yet being widely accepted.
To describe the current experience of people who independently self-identify as having an overdiagnosed cancer and elect not to intervene.
Design, Setting, and Participants
In this qualitative study, semistructured interviews were conducted between July 1 and December 31, 2015, with 22 community-dwelling adults aged 21 to 75 years who had an incidentally identified thyroid finding that was known or suspected to be malignant and who questioned the intervention recommended by their physicians. Verbatim transcripts were analyzed using constant comparative analysis.
Main Outcomes and Measures
The experience of individuals who self-identify as having an overdiagnosed cancer and elect not to intervene.
Of the 22 people interviewed (16 females and 6 males; mean age, 48.5 years), 18 had elected not to intervene on their thyroid finding and had been living with the decision for a mean of 39 months (median, 40 months; range, 1-88 months). Twelve of the 18 participants reported that they experienced significant anxiety about cancer progression, but had considered reasons for choosing nonintervention: understanding issues of precision in diagnostic testing and the varied behavior of cancer, surgical risks, medication use, and low risk of death from the cancer. Twelve participants described their decisions as met with nonreassuring, unsupportive responses. Medical professionals, friends, and internet discussion groups told them they were “being stupid,” “were wrong,” or were “crazy” to not intervene. Although 14 individuals said they wished to connect with others about their experiences, only 3 reported success in doing so. Fifteen participants reported that they managed their overall experience through secret keeping. By the time of this study, 5 of the 18 individuals had discontinued surveillance, the recommended alternative to intervention. Despite this, only 7 participants “wished they did not know” about their thyroid finding.
Conclusions and Relevance
Isolation and anxiety characterize the current experience of patients with thyroid cancer who are living with the decision to not intervene. These patients are at risk of disengaging from health care. Successful de-escalation of intervention for patients who self-identify as having overdiagnosed cancers requires explicit social and health system support and education. We hypothesize that improved support would also promote quality of care by increasing the likelihood that patients could be kept engaged for recommended surveillance.
Overdiagnosis of cancer—the identification of cancers unlikely to progress—is an increasingly common source of discomfort and challenge for patients, physicians, and health care systems,1 mainly because overdiagnosis is an epidemiologic phenomenon, not a true diagnosis. It is not possible to know prospectively with certainty which incidentally detected cancers prone to this problem have been overdiagnosed. Overdiagnosis can occur in organized screening programs (such as has been documented with prostate cancer2) but can also result when health care activities undertaken for other reasons uncover cancers for which the patient has no matching symptoms.3
Overdiagnosis has now been recognized to occur in patients with thyroid cancer,4-7 which has large ramifications for population health. By the age of 50 years, half of the population has at least 1 thyroid nodule. By the age of 90 years, virtually all individuals have at least 1 thyroid nodule, making the population at risk of being identified with a thyroid nodule, and thus a cancer, very large.8 In Japan, it has been recognized that many small thyroid cancers can be effectively managed by a strategy of active surveillance.9-11 The most recent clinical practice guidelines from the United States acknowledge the Japanese data but still recommend surgical intervention for these cancers.12,13
Although surveillance experiences for prostate cancer have been examined, these cancers are found and monitored in organized screening programs, which is arguably quite different from an individual self-labeling as overdiagnosed and choosing nonintervention outside a sanctioned monitoring program.14 We report on 18 people who self-identified as having overdiagnosed thyroid cancers and had been living this way for a mean of more than 3 years at the time of the study.
To be included, participants were required to have had an incidental thyroid finding (ie, not currently causing symptoms) that was suspicious for or known to contain cancer and to question the medical recommendation for an intervention on that finding because they thought their cancer or probable cancer was unlikely to progress. We defined suspicious for or known to contain cancer as a needle biopsy Bethesda Criteria cytologic reading of III-VI: atypical cells, follicular neoplasm, suspicious for malignancy, or malignant; a pathology report from a tissue specimen indicating thyroid cancer; or results from ultrasonography of a thyroid nodule described to the individual by his or her health care practitioner as likely to be a cancer. The definition we use here for suspicious for or known to contain cancer is broader than what a clinician might infer from the same information. We chose this approach because the lived experience of the study participants who had these various findings was indistinguishable.
The Dartmouth Committee for the Protection of Human Subjects reviewed and approved the study. Study candidates were directed to an Institutional Review Board–approved informational website (archived at http://www.louisedaviesmd.us) that served as an approved alternative to a signed consent form. Once participants completed that process, interviews were scheduled. At the beginning of each interview, the interviewer again reviewed the information website content and allowed the interviewees to ask any clarifying questions prior to beginning the interview.
The Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research Publication Guidelines were used to guide the design and reporting of this work.15 Details of the study methods and the results of the member checking are in the eAppendix in the Supplement.
The principal investigator (L.D.) had been independently contacted by 33 people during a period of 5 years prior to the start of this study; these individuals were invited to participate in the study. Recruitment advertisements were also placed by Thyca: Thyroid Cancer Survivors’ Association Inc on their web site (http://www.Thyca.org). In addition, the study was publicized through Twitter and by word of mouth through professional networks to identify additional candidates. Efforts to work with other thyroid cancer survivor and activist groups were not successful. Details of study candidate identification are shown in Figure 1. Additional recruitment details are in the eAppendix in the Supplement.
Twenty-two participants (and family members of 2 participants) completed 1 qualitative, semistructured interview each. Between July 1 and December 31, 2015, 2 of us (C.D.H. and G.S.H.) conducted interviews with participants via telephone, recording the audio and taking field notes. The mean duration of interviews was 57 minutes (median, 56 minutes; range, 36-83 minutes). The audio recordings were transcribed verbatim.
Data analysis was based on the constant comparative method.16 A codebook was developed and refined, then applied to all transcripts. Next, the team identified the major analytic categories and domains from the data itself, through data reduction. Following this, the data were interpreted to identify the major concepts and themes. Study participants were invited to review the findings and comment on their accuracy through “member checking” (confirming accuracy of the results with participants),17 conducted in a secure survey format.
Sixteen women and six men participated, consistent with the epidemiologic presentation of thyroid cancer (3:1 ratio in age-adjusted incidence rate in 201318). The participants’ thyroid findings were all identified incidentally to other health care activities3 (Table).
All 22 study participants questioned the management of their thyroid finding recommended by their physicians, but the outcomes of this questioning process varied, likely reflecting the experience of the broader population. One person in the sample had the cancer diagnosis reversed on obtaining additional opinions, and 3 people ultimately elected to intervene. The remaining 18 participants decided to not intervene at various points in the workup process of their thyroid finding (Figure 2).
The lived experience for participants whose thyroid finding was identified only on ultrasound (n = 2) compared with those who had a known or suspected cancer based on results of cytologic testing (n = 15) or identified after surgery (n = 1) was virtually indistinguishable. The effect on the participant of a suspicious ultrasonographic image was the same as for a cytologic or anatomical pathologic report labeling them as having a concerning finding or frank malignant neoplasm. Therefore, the experiences of all 18 participants were grouped together for analysis.
At the time of the study, these 18 participants had lived with their decision to not intervene for a mean of 39 months (median, 40 months; range, 1-88 months). Eleven participants were still under surveillance, 5 had stopped surveillance, 1 had not been able to find a physician willing to do surveillance, and 1 had undergone surgery after a period of surveillance because the thyroid cancer had grown.
Figure 3 shows the major domains of experience for the 18 people who self-identified as overdiagnosed and elected to not intervene. Participants had sophisticated reasons for nonintervention, at times quoting medical literature and published risk probabilities. They typically focused on 1 or 2 concepts, but there was no single dominant pattern of reasoning. The participants’ proposal for nonintervention was met unfavorably. They did not receive reassuring responses to academic literature on surveillance of thyroid cancers they presented to clinicians or others. Twelve participants described instances of being told they were “stupid,” “wrong,” or “crazy” by medical professionals and others. Fifteen individuals described using a strategy of secret keeping to manage this response, because, as 1 person said, “untreated cancer is a scarlet letter,” referring to the book The Scarlet Letter, whose themes are public shaming and ostracism. Fourteen participants expressed a desire to hear about others’ experiences of nonintervention or to connect with others going through similar experiences. Only 3 individuals reported having found satisfying support.
Anxiety about cancer progression was prominent in the descriptions of another 12 participants. Two of the 12 said they became more comfortable over time with their decision to not intervene. As a result of the participants’ overall experiences, by the time of this study, 5 of 18 had discontinued surveillance, the recommended alternative to intervention.
Despite the challenges described in choosing and living with nonintervention, not all participants wished they did not know about their thyroid finding. Six participants reported feeling glad that they knew about their thyroid finding when asked whether they preferred to know about their thyroid finding or to have never found out (Figure 4). Among the others for whom this question applied, 4 were ambivalent and 7 said that they wished they did not know.
Participants in this study self-identified as having overdiagnosed thyroid cancers and have been early adopters of nonintervention. They described a difficult course: their experience was characterized by a lack of acceptance by their social and health care systems, as well as anxiety about their cancer progression. Participants found it difficult to find publicly available information and wished to connect with others about their experience, but most could not find a community and were isolated. Most participants ended up keeping their decision a secret. A substantial minority disengaged from surveillance, the recommended alternative to intervention.
This is the first report to our knowledge that describes the patient experience among early adopters of nonintervention in overdiagnosed thyroid cancer. The experience we describe here is probably not unusual. Studies show low levels of physician awareness about overdiagnosis: only 28% of physicians in a recent study on prostate cancer screening listed overdiagnosis as a potential harm.19 Patients in another survey said their doctors mentioned overdiagnosis to them in the context of cancer screening less than 20% of the time.20 Half of these patients had at least a partial understanding of overdiagnosis, suggesting that patients may be ahead of physicians in their recognition of the concept.21
A review of the history of the acceptability of active surveillance of prostate cancer shows clear parallels to what is currently happening with thyroid cancer. A potentially important difference is that, while overdiagnosis in prostate cancer came about as a result of organized, medically sanctioned screening programs, overdiagnosis of thyroid cancer has come about through incidental detection. This scenario could lead people to feel their cancer was more likely to need immediate treatment because it was found through serendipity, but the literature on prostate cancer suggests that this may not be the case. An article from 2002 in which men were interviewed about their prostate cancer treatment decisions, which historically parallels the time period we are in with thyroid cancer in terms of the data available to support surveillance, reported similar experiences.22 Patients independently found data that might support surveillance, but they experienced pressure to undergo treatment from family, friends, physicians, and even those in support groups. There was little acknowledgment or allowance for open discussion of this new approach, despite medical evidence supporting it. As a result, few pursued the option of surveillance. In another study, coping strategies for living with the uncertainty of cancer overdiagnosis described by the individuals in our data—changing health behaviors and trying to actively shift thinking—were noted to be actively used by those with prostate cancer as well.14 The similarity in experience and coping strategies implies that approaches suggested to help patients with prostate cancer manage life with surveillance instead of intervention may be helpful in thyroid cancer as well, such as providing psychosocial support for the anxiety and uncertainty, and interventions to increase empowerment and promote meaning in the experience.23
The experience of our participants also has potential parallels to the Choosing Wisely campaign goal of limiting unnecessary interventions, which has not yet created as much change as hoped.24 McCaffery et al25 have pointed out that “suggesting a reduction in tests that are popular with the public can provoke emotionally charged, even hostile responses, reflecting cognitive dissonance,” which is exactly what our participants described. Unfortunately, medical training emphasizes action rather than inaction, with errors of omission generally treated more unfavorably than errors of commission.26 Our study focused on individuals, who face the challenge of living with their cancers, but overdiagnosis is also a challenge for clinicians, who must live with the uncertainty of potentially missing a case they might have been able to manage earlier. Changing behavior toward less intervention is likely to require more than education of patients or physicians alone; it will likely require a change in our larger social and medical culture. This is work worth undertaking since issues around what constitutes a cancer are only going to become more complex given that certain subtypes of papillary thyroid cancers will soon no longer be categorized as cancer.27
There are limitations to these findings. The small sample size means it is possible that some domains of experience were not identified, and the limited acceptance of nonintervention in thyroid cancer means that this population is necessarily unique. To ensure representativeness in the group, we sought a sample composition that included the key variables along which we hypothesized findings would be expected to vary, such as age, sex, and geographic location, and we continued to sample until we reached theoretical saturation16 on the domains of interest. Our participants did have high levels of educational attainment: more than half held a master’s degree or higher compared with 12% of the general population.28 This finding is likely because there is no societal framework yet for people who consider themselves to be overdiagnosed. Patients who place themselves in this category do not have access to available educational materials29 or broadly endorsed support groups. Thus, only those who are able to access the primary literature or detailed medical reporting—mostly individuals with higher levels of educational attainment—are able to create this framework for themselves. To ensure the reliability of our data interpretation, we used robust analytic methods, using a team approach for analysis with regular checks to ensure accuracy and completeness, and performed formal member checking with the research participants,17 who confirmed the accuracy of the interpretation in capturing their experiences.
For people who self-identify as having overdiagnosed cancers, nonintervention is currently a challenging path. The problems outlined here also provide insight into the difficulties facing those who would attempt to reduce overuse of medical care more broadly. Despite the challenge of living with nonintervention, not all participants wished they had not known about their thyroid finding. If the efforts to de-escalate treatment are to expand, explicit social and health system support and educational strategies will be needed.
Accepted for Publication: December 9, 2017.
Corresponding Author: Louise Davies, MD, MS, The VA Outcomes Group–111B, 215 N Main St, White River Junction, VT 05009 (email@example.com).
Published Online: March 9, 2017. doi:10.1001/jamaoto.2016.4749
Author Contributions: Dr Davies had full access to all the data in the study and takes responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis.
Study concept and design: Davies.
Acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data: All authors.
Drafting of the manuscript: Davies, Hendrickson.
Critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content: Hendrickson, Hanson.
Statistical analysis: Davies, Hanson.
Obtained funding: Davies.
Administrative, technical, or material support: Davies.
Study supervision: Davies.
Conflict of Interest Disclosures: All authors have completed and submitted the ICMJE Form for Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest and none were reported.
Funding/Support: This study was supported by the Department of Veterans Affairs, Leslie Center for the Medical Humanities at Dartmouth College, and the Mellon Foundation.
Role of the Funder/Sponsor: The funding sources had no role in the design and conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of the data; preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript; and decision to submit the manuscript for publication.
Disclaimer: The views expressed do not necessarily represent the views of the Department of Veterans Affairs or the US government.
Additional Contributions: Mary Dixon-Woods, BA, DipStat, MSc, Dphil, Cambridge University, provided comments and ideas to the manuscript. She was not compensated for her contribution. We thank Thyca: Thyroid Cancer Survivors’ Association Inc for supporting recruitment efforts to the study and the participants who gave their time and effort for the interviews and reviewed the results.

domain: literature


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MaxGrow Grow Lights (2-Pack for AeroGarden 3 & 7) For Sale
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MaxGrow Grow Lights (2-Pack for AeroGarden 3 & 7):
Model # 100340. Improved AeroGarden Grow Lights bring sunshine indoors for fast, healthy growth! AeroGarden grow lights use a proprietary blend of phosphors to deliver the proper balance of white, red and blue light for healthy, compact vegetative growth and plentiful fruiting and flowering. In your AeroGarden, they deliver all the light your plants need to grow - no sunny window needed! We recommend replacing your Grow Lights every 6 months to maximize your garden's growing ability. Two grow lights included, Model# 100340. Grow Lights look similar. To ensure that you have the correct lights for your garden please match the model # and connectors shown in the image to the left.
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domain: agronomy


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LAWFUEL – Anna Nicole Smith’s baby, Dannielynn Hope Marshall Stern, now has a legal voice to speak for her in the legal controversy that swirls around her, following the death of Anna Nicole on February 8.
Attorney Richard C Milstein has been appointed guardian ad litem for the baby, who is five months old.
Broward County Circuit Court Judge Larry Seidlin appointed Milstein to act in the best interest of the child. In his work in family law, Milstein, from the law firm of Akerman Senterfitt, has represented children in disputed relationships, and has performed thousands of hours of pro bono work, according to the firm.
Further complicating Smith’s estate, the 39-year-old celebrity had named her son, Daniel Smith, as heir in her will. However, he passed away in September, reportedly from a combination of Lexapro, Zoloft and Methadone, while visiting his mother at the maternity ward three days after she gave birth to Dannielynn.


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Ask any communication specialist (or parent), and they’ll tell you that reaching out to high schoolers can be a massive undertaking. At any moment, a student is probably surfing Perez Hilton and updating their Facebook status via their mobile—all while “studying” for algebra. And they’re also battling those no-pressure questions from parents about what the hell they’re going to do with their lives (after they figure out what they’re wearing to prom).
So high school sophomores and juniors may have been surprised when amid the many college search pieces rallying to attract their attention and tuition dollars, there was one that strayed away from the typical postcard featuring happy students sitting under a majestic oak tree. This one, printed on oversized newsprint for an immense visual experience, arrived in two pieces. The first brochure made no mention of Loyola University Maryland on the envelope it arrived in, nor on any of the 21 pages, except for a subtle logo placed on the last page. Rather, it concentrated on dynamic design and photography, hand-drawn type and soul-piercing copywriting. A puzzle strung through the pages culminates with a memorable message that insinuates that there’s more to come.
“The first one is a big, broad overture. It acknowledges how ‘this is not that speech,’” says Dan Shepelavy, Philadelphia-based 160over90 creative director and part of the team behind the Best of Show winner. “The notion of college is still on the scale of prom.”
Copywriter Anna Hartley adds that the first piece speaks to the mind-set of the target audience. “They’re 16 or 17—they’re uncertain, but they don’t want to be spoken down to,” Hartley says.
Even though the sense of place remains fairly mysterious in the first recruitment piece, it plants a seed for a future reveal, which was sent approximately four to six weeks later to the teens. The photography came from campus shots of actual Loyola students for the brand done a few years earlier by 160over90. Designer Kelly Dorsey purposely cropped out faces and often incorporated a busted grid look in the first mailer to keep a mysterious tone and low level of specificity. “I wanted there to be curiosity: ‘Who are these people, what is this place,’” Dorsey says.
In the second piece, the images and messaging come into focus, radiating a sense of place. “Because of the way we did it, the larger reveal was more purposeful,” Dorsey says of the second piece that answers questions left lingering from the first.
Speaking to the 160over90 creative team, it’s clear that collaboration helped drive success for this year’s International Best of Show winner, and the judges took note.
“That’s storytelling at its best,” says judge Richard Westendorf. “This designer worked really well with the copywriter—it’s not an afterthought.”
Hartley talks about a constant collaboration among herself, Dorsey and Shepelavy. “We worked in tandem,” she says.
Executive creative director Jim Walls credits the design team for coming forward with a fully formed idea that they were all excited about from the start. “What I was initially impressed with is their level of insight into their audience,” he says. “As creative director, there are times when you just get the hell out of the way,” he adds.
Among the accolades and mutual respect staffers pay to one another, they make a point to credit the freedom to create an unorthodox experience to their client—Loyola University Maryland. After all, it’s not often a client waits until the very last of 21 pages to have their name subtly mentioned. This trusting relationship shined through to the judges. “Congratulations to Loyola for doing this—because clearly they trusted their agency,” remarks judge Clint! Runge.
“[The client] being open to our craziness—it let magical things happen,” Dorsey says. “I kept feeling like there was some guardian angel on this project.”
Title Loyola Sophomore/Junior Search Piece | Design Firm 160over90, Philadelphia; www.160over90.com | Executive Creative Director Jim Walls | Creative Director Dan Shepelavy | Designer Kelly Dorsey | Copywriter Anna Hartley | Printer Alcom | Client Loyola University Maryland
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Long Beach Poly’s Jason Fao,left, tackling Cabrillo’s Ricky Moland, has earned quite a reputation for his bruising, physical style of play. Stephen Carr photo
Poly running back James Brooks Jr. hurdles St. Bonaventure defensive back Jordan Lunsford during their playoff game.
Poly receiver John Smith looks for running room against St. Bonaventure in the second quarter.
Poly receiver John Smith evades a St. Bonaventure defender during their playoff game.
Poly defenders chase down St. Bonaventure tight end Bryce Dixon after a reception Friday night.
Poly receiver John Smith tries to stay inbounds after getting hit by St. Bonaventure defensive back Anthony Alamillo.
Poly running back Jeremy Calhoun II finds plenty of running room against St. Bonaventure during a victory in the Southern Section Pac-5 Division quarterfinal playoff game last week.
Poly linebacker Ricky Fao tries to make a diving tackle against St. Bonaventure receiver Davontae Nunnery on Friday night.
St. Bonaventure defensive back Kevin Taylor tries to track down Poly quarterback Tai Tiedemann during a run in the first half.
Poly receiver Richard Mindero is brought down by St. Bonaventure linebacker Jason Farlow and defensive back Davontae Nunnery during their Southern Section Pac-5 Division playoff game on Friday night at Ventura College.
Poly defensive lineman Jason Fao prepares to recover a fumbled snap by St. Bonaventure quarterback Ricky Town for a touchdown in the third quarter.

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Research on female preferences[ edit ] Nice guy construct[ edit ] In their qualitative analysis, Herold and Milhausen  found that women associate different qualities with the nice guy label: Some women offered flattering interpretations of the 'nice guy', characterizing him as committed, caring, and respectful of women. Some women, however, emphasized more negative aspects, considering the 'nice guy' to be boring, lacking confidence, and unattractive. Women were also asked for their preferences and what values they may look in each relationship, such as attractiveness, and sexual desires in short- and long-term relationships. Often these ideas and views of a certain nice guy can contribute to a woman's willingness to pursue a romantic relationship. They found that female attraction was a result of an interaction of both dominance and prosocial tendency.
Scott Barry Kaufman explores if benevolence can make you physically alluring. The researchers then asked women to indicate which of the adjectives used to describe John were ideal for a appointment as well as for a long-term romantic partner. For the rest of the dominant adjectives, the two big winners were confident 72 percent sought this trait for an ideal date; 74 percent sought this attribute for an ideal romantic affiliate and assertive 48 percent sought this trait for an archetype date; 36 percent sought this trait for an ideal adore partner. Not one woman hunt a demanding male, and barely 12 percent wanted an antagonistic person for a date after that romantic partner. Not one female wanted a submissive male designed for either a date or account. Other low-ranked nondominant adjectives were shy 2 percent for dating; zero for romantic and calm 4 percent for ideal; 2 for romantic.
Does that same hold true designed for men? Are they similarly penalized for straying from the beefy masculine stereotype? The short come back with is yes. This is troubling not least because it discourages men from behaving in behaviour known to benefit their teams and their own careers. Men are socialized to not ask for help or be at risk — and they can be penalized when they challenge this notion. An informative set of studies from finds that after male but not female leaders ask for help, they are viewed as less competent, able, and confident.
Photograph by Davids Kokainis on Unsplash A lot of men absent there think women are lying when they announce they a minute ago want a nice guy. A lot of men also absence to be Batman. Neither Bruce Wayne nor Batman are accurately nice guys. Why women appointment assholes Prevailing thought among definite men is that every child secretly wants to bang a few motorcycle gang leader who looks like James Franco and treats us like crap — above all in public, to show their alpha side. Correlation never agency causation. Or beating her? They might treat everyone else akin to crap, but not her.

domain: sociology


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Michael Tilson Thomas, the San Francisco Symphony’s music director from 1995 to 2020 and founding conductor of the New World Symphony in Miami, has announced his semi-retirement from the Florida ensemble and plans to scale back his other activities as he copes with an aggressive form of brain cancer.
The 77-year-old conductor last summer underwent surgery, chemotherapy and radiation treatment for glioblastoma, and is currently in remission, he reported in a statement. “But the future is uncertain as glioblastoma is a stealthy adversary. Its recurrence is, unfortunately, the rule rather than the exception.”
Tilson Thomas is scheduled to conduct the National Symphony Orchestra in Washington in two programs of staples of his repertory, American music and Mahler (the “Resurrection” Symphony [No. 2 in C minor]) between March 25 and April 1 at the Kennedy Center.
His schedule in coming months includes engagements with the Cleveland Orchestra and the London Symphony Orchestra, as well as the New World Symphony, with which he will play a laureate role after retiring as music director. He also plans to continue composing.
The New World Symphony, founded by Tilson Thomas in 1987, is this country’s premier post-graduate orchestral academy, selected from alumni of leading conservatories who after fellowships in Miami typically are hired by professional orchestras and educational institutions in the US and abroad.
For some years, the Richmond Symphony has recruited musicians from this source, notably as principal players. Current New World Symphony alumni are the symphony’s first-stand violinists, concertmaster Daisuke Yamamoto and assistant concertmaster Adrian Pintea; acting associate principal second violinist Jeannette Jang; violinist Stacy Matthews; and four wind principals – oboist Victoria Chung, clarinetist David Lemelin, bassoonist Thomas Schneider and French horn player Dominic Rotella.


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Although Hitomi lives in a world filled with magic and fantasy, she can only experience its many marvels in a dreary900 palette of black and white and grey. She does remember seeing color when she was very young, but the hues and vibrance faded away as most of the people who were important to her left her life. Her emotions have followed suit, becoming greyer, darker, and muted, until even the wonders of becoming a Mage and growing into a teenager rarely affect her.
But Hitomi's grandmother has a plan to use a spell that would send Hitomi someplace where the two of them can meet... only this time, her grandmother will be 17! Join the journey to 2018 and witness the hidden powers of love and friendship!


The Adrian Fire Department is made up of the City Department and Rural Department. Both departments are housed at the some station located at the corner of 5th and Virginia Street. The department has 27 dedicated and well trained volunteers. Adrian Fire covers 250 square miles as well as taking mutal aird calls for surrounding agencies.
If you are witnessing a crime in progress or are experiencing an emergency, please dial 911.


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The Cd’A Library Foundation dedicates a plaque to the Emerson family
The roots of the Emerson family run deep in Coeur d’Alene and have marked the lives of many people.
A new plaque at the Coeur d’Alene Public Library honors the Emersons’ many contributions to the community.
The Coeur d’Alene Library Foundation will hold a ceremony at 3:30 p.m. on Friday, June 24, in the community room of the library. The Library Foundation will honor local resident Sandy Emerson and unveil the plaque dedicated to his family, which has just been installed on the Community Hall’s heritage wall. Members of the public are invited to attend the ceremony.
Sandy Emerson is the eldest son of Alma and Tom Emerson.
Alma was president of the Library Foundation for several years.
Tom Emerson, after his years of military flying, pioneered a flight school and flying business on the waterfront near Tubbs Hill. Later he managed the airport from Coeur d’Alene to Weeks Field, where the fairgrounds are now located, and then to its current location in Hayden. He wrote three books about those early days.
Later, as his family grew, Tom Emerson went to work in banking and finance, becoming president and then chairman of the board of the First Federal Savings and Loan Association. Tom emphasized community service for himself and his staff. He has been active in Rotary and the Chamber of Commerce, served on the Coeur d’Alene City Council and the North Idaho College Board of Trustees.
During the days of the Diamond Cup Unlimited Hydroplane, as “Commodore”, Tom used his flying and military background to bring the USAF Thunderbirds and Navy Blue Angels to perform at the races.
Tom and Alma Emerson were named Coeur d’Alene “Distinguished Citizens of the Year” in 1980 by Mayor Don Johnston at the annual Chamber of Commerce banquet.
Sandy Emerson has served on several state, city, and county committees and organizations, including chairing the Idaho Fish & Wildlife Foundation for two years and serving on the County Waterways Advisory Board for five years, including two as chairman. Sandy was hired as executive director of the Coeur d’Alene Chamber from 1980 to 1986. He was president of the State Chamber of Commerce Executives Association when significant statewide legislation was passed allowing cities and counties to issue tax bonds and form urban renewal districts.
Sandy and his father were named honorary alumni of North Idaho College. Sandy’s wife, Jeanne (Tanner) Emerson, taught for more than 30 years in the English Department at NIC and was named Student Advisor of the Year multiple times. Jeanne founded the NIC Student Writing Center and co-founded the Art in the Schools program. She helped found the Coeur d’Alene Symphony Society and served as president of the American Association of University Women in Coeur d’Alene.
The Coeur d’Alene Public Library is located at 702 E. Front Ave., Coeur d’Alene.

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