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Stitching and Inserting Godets In Clothes
How to insert and sew godets in clothes. Godets are seam insertions that have triangular shaped panels which are added to the hems seams and this creates a flaring effect in clothes. The shape of the cutting of godets and the insertions depends on how you want the design to look. You can add piping to the godets seams or use a contrast color to make a decorative finish.
You can use any fabric to sew godets. Use fabric that you know can drape, soft clothes, medium-weight fabric, wool blends or normal wool will do. You can insert godets into skirts, trousers, dresses or sleeves seam hems to add flare or flounce style to them. Godets are usually sewn into the hems part of garments.
It is the duty of a dressmaker to make sure that godets are inserted into the hems of clothes in the correct way. The main functions of godets in clothes are for decoration and to add flare.
Godets Inset in Clothing
Godets can be inserting into the seam or slit cut of clothing. This kind of inset result in the fullness of the garment. The shape of any godet fashion will look like a conical shape that is pointed at the top. To get a wider effect, you can cut off the point to get the same shape and width.
How To Cut Godets
You can draw on a stiff paper, a circle. Make sure that the radius is the same like the length of the godet that you require.You should follow the instruction on the pattern that you are using to draw from the circle center, a line to the circumference, still making sure that the line is at the center, draw a conical shape. You should see the apex of the godet, which is the center point, and the required width is the arc of the circle.
Types of Godets Design Shapes In Clothes
Depending on the effect the dressmaker wants to achieve, godet has different shapes according to how it is cut and inserted or sewn into seams of clothes hems. The types of godets designs are:
Full godets can be cut in semi-circle in a full 180 degree shape. Cut through the center with the straight lengthwise grain from the hem's area. Both seams should be in the crosswise grain.
Medium Full Godets
Medium full godets can be cut in a quarter circle n a 90 degree shape. You cut the godets from the center to the hem through the lengthwise grain and cut the seams through the bias of the fabric.
Soft Fall Godets
You can make a soft fall godets by cutting the center of the fabric in a 90 degree shape on the fabric's bias in such a way that the seam line of one side is on lengthwise grain and the other on the crosswise grain.
How To Insert Godets Into Seams
The techniques used in inserting godets into clothes depends on the godet design you require. This is one of the basic method used by dressmakers to sew godets:
- You will have to prepare the fabric that you want to use
- Cut and sew the seams at the hem where you want the godet to start
- Press the seams open
- Use the pattern instructions you bought to learn how you will insert the godets
- To the open end of the seam line, insert and sew one side of the godet
- Be sure that the end of where you stitch the upper seam line are met by the godets seam line.
- Secure the threads by fastening it off
- Insert and stitch the second side of the godets seam line like the first one above
How To Strengthen Godet At The Upper Seam Line
The angle where godets and the upper seam line meet is usually very weak. This is what you can do to strengthen it:
- At the angle, open the seam allowance
- Sew a tiny bar catching stitch at the outside of the seam allowances of the godet and the upper seam.
- Press the seam allowance gently into position from the inside of the garment
How To Make Godets In Clothes
- Cut godets depending on which design you want, either full, medium full or soft fall godet
- Sew the godets seams to positions
- Secure thread ends
- Place the garment with all the right sides up over the godets
- At the hem line, pin together the edges of the godets
- Machine stitch
How To Insert And Sew Godets Tutorials
- The Mahogany Stylist: Gores and Godets - How to Sew Them
How to sew godets instructions
- Draft a Skirt with Godets « THE SEWING DIVAS sewing, design, fashion
How to cut and sew godets in clothes - the design
- photo tutorial for the pillowcase skirt with godets!!! finally!!! - CLOTHING
photo tutorial for the pillowcase skirt with godets!!! finally!!! - CLOTHING - I determined that just starting a new thread for this would be a good idea, as it Is a different skirt. same style, however. Alright, for this skirt y
How To Insert Godets Video Tutorial
Christabel Evans (author) from England, UK on May 03, 2012:
@RTalloni, I'm happy this tutorial will be of help to you RTalloni. Godets sewing was one of my difficult sewing, but after learning how to cut and insert them, it's a bit easy now. Thank you for your comment.
@That Grrl, it's not easy to know the names of all the garment styles that there are, godets is different from gores, then a-line and the rest of the names. Thank you for your visit.
Laura Brown from Barrie, Ontario, Canada on May 02, 2012:
I didn't know the name for that. Now I do. :)
RTalloni on May 02, 2012:
Thanks for a super tutorial on sewing godets into clothes. This could be useful to me in making fun clothes for girls.


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The Kardashians are known for sharing every aspect of their lives on social media, be it good or bad. But last night, Khloe shared some of the saddest, most difficult news any pet lover can face: Her dog of 14 years, Gabbana — whom she affectionately called “Goober” or “Gooby” — had passed away.
The reality star is currently seven months pregnant, but she called her dearly departed dog “my first child” in a deeply touching tribute on her Instagram:
The elderly black Lab had been with the Kardashian-Jenner family for 14 years, but Khloe took on the role of Gabbana’s primary caretaker. She even brought the dog into her home when Kris and Caitlyn (then Bruce) Jenner split.
“When my mom and Bruce separated, I was immediately like, 'Let me take Gabbana!'” Khloe wrote on her site. “She was the family dog, and since Kendall and Kylie both moved out, I thought Gabbana was lonely. I wanted her to have a fun home again!!! She'll spend all day playing Frisbee and swimming in the pool, and can even dive up to 15 feet!!!...She is so well-trained and super smart, and she loooves Pup-Peroni, haha."
It is obvious that Khloe gave Gabbana the life of her dreams, as she often popped up in the Kardashians’ social media going for swims (her favorite activity) and being covered in kisses.
She was especially beloved by Kendall Jenner, who echoed Khloe’s sentiments on her own Instagram:
Our condolences to Khloe and the rest of the Kardashian clan. RIP sweet Gabbana.
Unleashed is Bravo's celebration of pamper-worthy pets and how to spoil them. Want more? Then Like us on Facebook to stay connected to our daily updates.

domain: celebrity


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An above average salary on offer, with a clear route towards becoming a future associate within this established and respected business.

domain: geography


text:
Your Bookme account makes it easy to create and save lists of activities that you want to keep track of for later.
You can also discover and follow lists from other users!
James said... The ride combines a cruise across the lake, some high adrenaline fun and a quiet recharge for the next burst. Our Driver Steve was excellent and provided a great commentary on the lake and river. Highly recommend!

domain: travel


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Jennifer sat at the vanity in front of the mirror and skimmed her fingers along the length of the raised scar on her cheek.
For a second she was transported from her hotel room, back in time to a dark night and a rain-slicked road. The metallic taste of blood, the smell of smoke and gasoline and fear flooded her senses as if the accident had happened minutes ago instead of months before. She felt the warm, thick blood drip into her eyes, blurring the chaos around her, the same as she had felt it that night. Tires squealed and people screamed. Sirens echoed in her mind, too far away to offer any comfort whatsoever.
Coming to her senses, she whispered, “I can’t do it.” Jennifer snatched her hand away from the ghastly scar as if the gash burned her fingertips. The long curl of dark hair flopped back into place to hide the jagged mar across her otherwise perfect features. “I can’t go through with it.”
“You can,” said her sister Marlene, the practical and rational voice of reason. “And you will.” She also leaned toward being bossy.
Taking after their father’s side of the family tree, Marlene had come to grips with her plain appearance long ago, actually embracing her ordinary looks. Instead of dabbling in the finer points of makeup application like Jennifer, Marlene focused on her education and interpersonal skills, sort of how a blind man develops a heightened sense of smell and hearing. Not that their father wasn’t an attractive man. The handsome features and large bone structure simply didn’t translate as well on the face and body of a woman. What Marlene lacked in striking beauty she made up for by being chatty and opinionated and amusing. Also like Dad.
Jennifer took after their mother, a beauty icon in their circle of friends. Fashion forward. A lover of fine footwear and trendy eateries. Jennifer was like the Macgyver of accessorizing. Give her a couple of hair pins, a silk scarf and a skinny belt and she’d give you glamour.
Finger-combing the curl of hair for maximum coverage, Jennifer asked, “What if people are horrified?”
“Then they’re dirt bags who aren’t worth your time or a second thought,” Marlene replied with a wave of her hand.
Jennifer snorted a laugh.
Easy for you to say. Jennifer’s fingers glided over the embossed invitation to the Forty-seventh Annual Volunteer Appreciation Masquerade Ball. A yearly excuse for adults to dress in costume, drink to excess and pat each other on the back for their charitable endeavors. She’d been attending all her adult life. Her mother too. Her Grandmother before that. Goodwin gals came from a long line of volunteers. Each year the celebration grew bigger, the decorations more elaborate, the invitations more expensive. Why was a pressed invitation with gilded lettering a beautiful thing and her raised scar triggered double-takes and gasps? It wasn’t fair. On a man a scar added character. Intrigue. Danger. On a woman, it overshadowed all else.
“I can’t take one more sympathetic comment or pitying look,” Jennifer said, her voice cracking with emotion. Suck it up. Be strong.
“I dare anyone to be so stupid,” Marlene said. “My advice, Jenny—forget about the scar. If you do, everyone else will. Swear to God, I don’t even notice it anymore. Focus on having fun. If it makes it easier, leave the mask on. Get hammered. Be mysterious. Flirt with every hot guy. Get laid.”
Get laid! Nothing could be further from her mind. She hadn’t flirted since way before she’d broken up with Gage, her Marine pen pal turned love interest. Her intention had been to brighten the life of one Marine in Afghanistan with care packages and cheery news from home. Soon she’d been in love with Gage. Yes, in love with a man she’d not yet met. They’d never said the word—love—but she’d felt it stronger than any force of man or nature.
Jennifer had wanted to save her declaration for when she met him face to face. Shortly after the car accident, she’d broken his heart. Hers too. No explanation. She’d decided it was better that way.
Marlene had pulled no punches at the time and had called her a moron.
Jennifer turned to Marlene and couldn’t manage to stifle a burst of laughter. Her sister, dressed like Rhett Butler, mustache and all, cracked her up every time she laid eyes on her. It would never get old. Her husband was somewhere in the hotel dressed as Scarlett O’Hara, wearing a hoop skirt and a wig with corkscrew curls.
“How do I look?” Jennifer asked.
Wearing a white peasant blouse and a multi-colored flowing tiered skirt she’d made herself—no rental costume for her—Jennifer decided to embrace the mystical Gypsy deep inside and take her sister’s advice. Well, some of it, anyhow. She could get on board with being mysterious, drinking, flirting and possibly some fun.
“Gorgeous,” Marlene said, twisting the upturned ends of her fake mustache. She handed Jennifer a colorful, glittery mask adorned with peacock feathers.
Maybe it would be a magical night after all.
Saturday, September 1, 2012
A Taste to Wet Your...Er...Appetite
And the release date is *drum roll, please* September 28. Here's an excerpt.

domain: literature


text:
Scandinavia & St. Petersburg
- Ship Details
Transfer from Amsterdam Airport to your hotel
2 Nights stay in Amsterdam on Room Only
Transfer from your hotel to Amsterdam Port
Cruise Itinerary listed below on Full Board
Disembark Celebrity Reflection
Transfer from Amsterdam Port to the Airport
* prices based on the 20 August other dates available prices may vary
This amazing itinerary on board Celebrity Reflection gives you the opportunity of experiencing some of the best ports of call in Scandinavia & Russia. With the addition of a stay in Amsterdam before you cruise.
- All accommodation as stated in the itinerary
- All transport and transfers
- Return Flights from London Gatwick to Amsterdam
- Meals as indicated in the itinerary
Celebrity Reflection® recently received several enhancements. Now, you can enjoy more than 20 delicious dining options in the Main Restaurant. Unwind in your own cabana-style haven at The Alcoves and Celebrate the flavorful joys of outdoor grilling at the Lawn Club Grill. Your vacation time is precious; we’ll make sure to make the most of it.


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Michael Berkeley's guest is Czech-born former actress Zdenka Fantlova, who talks about her wartime experiences and how her love of music has enriched her life.
Michael Berkeley's guest on Remembrance Sunday is the Czech-born former actress Zdenka Fantlova, a survivor of several infamous Nazi concentration camps including Terezin, Auschwitz and Bergen-Belsen, in which she lost all other members of her family. Now in her 80s, she talks movingly about her experiences in Terezin, where she was among a vibrant community of artists, writers, actors, musicians and composers, who were encouraged by Nazi propagandists to exercise their creativity in performances and artistic events. She recalls standing next to the great Czech conductor Karel Ancerl as they worked in the camp kitchens, and happily discussing music by Dvorak and Smetana. Later, after the community was deported to Auschwitz, where many of them died, she was behind Ancerl in the selection queue, and saw his wife and their baby son being sent to the 'left' - the gas chambers -, while she and Ancerl were among the luckier deportees who went to the right and had a chance to survive. She also tells how her knowledge of English (picked up from hit songs of the time like 'You Are My Lucky Star') literally saved her life when, on the point of death in Bergen-Belsen, she was able to persuade a British soldier to get her out of the barracks and to hospital in the nick of time. One of the most striking aspects of her character is her amazing will to survive, and she resolutely refuses to see herself as a victim.As she tells Michael, although her terrible experiences were man-made, rather than a natural disaster, she believes that they nevertheless enriched her life.
Her music choices include works by Czech composers Dvorak, Smetana and her fellow Terezin inmate Gideon Klein, as well as a Chopin study, a Mozart symphony and her father's favourite, Strauss's Radetzky March.

domain: library


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Observed on 11 July annually, World Population Day was established by the governing council of the United Nations Development Programme in 1989 to focus on the urgency and importance of population issues.
The second most populous country in the world, India with 1.37 billion people is raising alarm globally. India is anticipated to beat China as the World’s most populous country around 2027. This statement was released in World Population Prospects 2019, by the Population Division of the UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs.
How the government is working towards population control?
Several measures have been introduced by our government like assured home delivery of contraceptives by Accredited Social Health Activist. They have been instructed to distribute kits containing family planning. To uplift billions of people both in the present and in the future, the government and its citizens must change the way they use the limited resources and implement schemes/initiatives to contain population explosion.
Relying on our government is a good thing, after all, we choose our representatives to look after and solve our matters. But being a part of a community where you have been allotted with limited resources it’s your duty to aware others.

domain: sociology


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19 7 / 2014
Anonymous said: I miss this blog, are you going to update it soon?
Yes, I had to take a hiatus for personal reasons but this blog will be back with new content which I am currently in the process of planning. Keep your eyes open!
12 12 / 2013
Antibiotic resistance spreads in a number of ways. For simplicity, we will look at three main categories. The first of which is molecular spread
Many people are familiar with the idea of DNA in a cell. In our cells, DNA is packaged neatly into chromosomes and is safely locked inside a compartment known as the nucleus. Bacteria have no nucleus and they have one large circular bit of DNA (the chromosome) and sometimes some smaller circular bits of DNA (plasmids). Bacteria are able to move DNA around and pass it between each other and this is one of the ways resistance can spread. There are actually several ways this can happen. So let’s imagine our favourite bacterium has some DNA, a gene, that makes it resistant to penicillin…
1) Viruses, known as bacteriophage, can get into the bacterial cell. Once the viruses are in, they can make lots more copies of viruses. The new viruses can burst out of the bacterium and then enter neighbouring bacteria to repeat the cycle. Imagine if the virus could take the penicillin resistance gene with it and transfer it to a neighbouring bacterium which didn’t have that resistance gene previously. If the virus stays dormant in the new bacterium, the bacterium can use this new resistance gene to its advantage! This is called transduction.
2) As described earlier, bacteria have plasmids. A plasmid could contain our penicillin resistance gene. Bacteria are able to share these plasmids with neighbouring bacteria, who may not have had this resistance gene previously, by getting really close and personal with each other. This is called conjugation.
3) Bacteria are sometimes able to take up DNA from their environment. So, if a bacterium containing a resistance gene dies and releases its DNA into the open environment, another bacterium can take up this DNA and acquire the resistance gene. This process is known as transformation. Interestingly, some bacteria actually ”commit suicide”, so to speak, in order to release their resistance genes into the environment for the greater good of the bacterial populations!
25 9 / 2013
To understand how bacteria become resistant to antibiotics on a molecular level, the way antibiotics work must first be explained. In a later post I will explain how resistance spreads but for now we will focus on the molecular mechanisms involved in resistance development.
Antibiotics mainly target and disrupt 3 fundamental processes in bacteria:
1) Cell wall biosynthesis
2) Protein synthesis
3) DNA replication and repair
An important thing to remember is that antibiotics MUST target fundamental processes that are different in bacteria than in our own cells. We wouldn’t want antibiotics to work on our cells because then they would be toxic! Below is an example of the resistance mechanisms that developed to prevent the action of penicillin.
Targetting Cell Walls - The Penicillin Example
How it works: Penicillin is an example of the class of antibiotic that targets bacterial cell walls. It doesn’t affect our own cells because eukaryotic cells don’t have cell walls. Bacterial cell walls are made up of glycan strands which are linked up by peptidoglycan units known as NAG and NAM. A bacterial enzyme, transpeptidase, joins up all the NAM molecules as you can see below. This makes the bacterial wall strong and protective. However, bacteria need to grow so sometimes they unpick the links between NAM molecules so that they can lay down more building blocks and expand. Following expansion, the NAM molecules are joined back up to provide strength once more.
Penicillin binds and modifies the transpeptidase enzyme so that NAM molecules do not get joined up quick enough. However penicillin does not prevent the cell from unpicking NAM links during expansion. So the overall result is that the cell unpicks the NAM links but isn’t able to then link them back together. This causes the cell to burst and die.
How resistance developed: In the case of penicillin, resistance develops quite simply. The gene that encodes the transpeptidase protein is mutated. The transpeptidase enzyme is altered in such a way that penicillin can’t bind and modify it and cell wall building goes on as usual.
Many people have heard of MRSA or methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus. It is often described as a superbug, is the leading cause of hospital acquired infections and is responsible for up to 40,000 deaths a year. It is resistant to many antibiotics including penicillin. MRSA has developed resistance to penicillin by creating a completely new transpeptidase enzyme instead of just mutating the old one. Penicillin does not work on this new transpeptidase.
What types of resistance are there?
Aside from preventing the antibiotic from acting on enzymes important to the bacterium there are several other ways that bacteria can become resistant. They can:
- Pump out the antibiotic
- Destroy the antibiotic
- Become impermeable to the antibiotic
Does resistance develop to all antibiotics?
Molecular resistance mechanisms will develop, it is more a question of when and how. The development of resistance mechanisms is a natural part of evolution in which bacteria simply become better at surviving. Resistance develops in the following way:
- You have a pool of bacteria in an infection which are being attacked by an antibiotic
- Mutations occur in bacteria when they are dividing
- Statistically, there is a chance that at least 1 bacterium will mutate in such a way that the antibiotic won’t affect it, like we discussed with penicillin.
- That 1 bacterium now has an increased chance of survival compared to the other bacteria that haven’t mutated, it has become resistant
- That 1 bacterium will divide and produce more bacteria that also have this increased chance of survival
- Eventually, the infection pool will be made up mostly of the bacteria with this resistance
- The pool is now resistant to the antibiotic
In any infection, there are large numbers of bacteria. To make matters worse, bacteria divide and new bacteria are generated very rapidly. If you imagine that there is a mutation rate of 1 in 107 and there are 1010 bacteria in a particular infection pool it is easy to see how the above scenario would occur. So, statistically, resistance will develop at some point in some infection. The problem doesn’t end here though. If this was the only trick up the bacterial sleeve, then resistance could be contained more easily. Bacteria are able to do what is known as horizontal gene transfer. They can pass their genes to other bacteria in their pool, not just to their daughters. So if you have a resistant bacterium lying around on a remote control in a hospital, it can pass its resistance on to other bacteria in the general environment.
To put everything into context, it’s useful to look at vancomycin as an example of the inevitable resistance that arises. Vancomycin, discovered in the 50s, is an antibiotic of ‘last-resort’ treatment and is sometimes used to treat serious MRSA cases. It took approximately 30 years for resistance to vancomycin to happen but it did. The resistance that developed is highly complex which is why it has taken so long but this should serve as an example that even really powerful antibiotics will be evolved around eventually. This is why the scientific community must endeavor to discover or create new classes of antibiotic. However, this is not enough. As we approach a public health crisis, we must think of new ways to treat bacterial infections and we must amend policy to slow down the approach of the post-antibiotic era.
17 9 / 2013
Most people are familiar with the story surrounding the accidental discovery of penicillin by Alexander Fleming in 1928. Fleming left a culture plate of Staphylococcus lying around in the lab for two weeks while he was on vacation, only to return and find the plate had become contaminated with Penicillium fungus/mold. The Staphylococcus bacteria seemed unable to grow near the mold and he concluded that Penicillium prevented the growth of these bacteria.
Few are familiar with Howard Florey and Ernst Chain, two of several scientists who would take this observation and change the course of public health. Penicillin first needed to be purified and concentrated efficiently and this process was as painstaking as it was time consuming. Subsequently, penicillin was tested in mice and it was found that all mice that were given penicillin lived whilst untreated mice died. In 1941, penicillin was administered to patients for the first time and it was noted that if the penicillin supply ran out before the completion of treatment the patient would relapse and die. It was clear by this point that pharmaceutical firms were needed to produce penicillin on the scale required.
By this point, World War II was raging on and one of the most important decisions in the history of science was about to be made. Chain wanted to patent penicillin but Florey believed this would have adverse consequences in the war climate of the time. Florey was committed to the idea that this discovery would and should benefit all mankind. Penicillin soon shot to fame as the “magic bullet” for infectious disease and the scientific community entered the golden era of antibiotic discovery (1945-1960) during which numerous new classes of antibiotics were discovered.
Fast forward about 60 years and the picture is somewhat different. Gone are the adverts proclaiming antibiotics cure all and we are instead faced with the prospect of entering the post-antibiotic era or, as many sensationalists like to call it, “pharmageddon”. Discovery of new classes of antibiotics is rare, as can be seen in the timeline above. Equally worrying is the spread of antibiotic resistance which is dismantling the arsenal of protection we have built up over the last decades. These are complex issues which pose a real threat to public health globally. We will look at how bacteria develop resistance to antibiotics, what the implications of this are, proposals to mitigate the issues and alternative solutions for treatment in the future.
(Timeline Source: Gerard Wright, Nature 2007)
16 9 / 2013
Anonymous said: If radiation causes cancer then why do doctors treat cancer with radiotherapy?
Great question! I hope this answer is detailed enough for you (there’s quite a bit of background information to get through first).
So first of all, I should clarify the term ‘radiation’. Radiation can be ionizing (high energy and harmful) or non-ionizing (low energy and not generally harmful). X-rays and gamma rays are types of ionizing radiation and can be harmful whereas visible light is an example of non-ionizing radiation which isn’t harmful. UV rays can be ionizing and non-ionizing, however most ionizing UV rays get filtered out by our atmosphere before they reach us. Nevertheless, UV rays can cause damage through other means.
Ionizing radiation is so high in energy that it causes electrons to be ejected off atoms. So now you’ve got a negatively charged electron floating around as well as a positively charged atom. As a general rule of thumb, charged things like to react with other things and this is exactly what happens. As a result, you get the production of free radicals. Free radicals are things like hydrogen peroxide and they are super reactive! They can react with and damage the DNA backbone. You definitely do not want to damage your DNA because that contains all the information for how a cell should work and damaged DNA can lead to tumour formation if it is not repaired.
(Random cool fact: Mammalian cells can experience up to 200,000 hits which cause damage per day! Your cells successfully deal with damage all the time!)
In general, ionizing radiation causes double-stranded breaks, single-stranded breaks and cross-linking within a DNA molecule. You can see what this damage looks like in the image below. Double and single stranded breaks occur when the DNA backbone is disrupted whilst cross-linking is when the bases within the DNA form covalent bonds with each other (as indicated by the red line, here only what is known as intrastrand cross-linking is shown for simplicity).
In “normal” cells, there are a number of different repair mechanisms to fix all these types of DNA damage (though sometimes these can fail and lead to cancer). In cancer cells, repair mechanisms are often impaired. The purpose of radiotherapy is to try to target only cancer cells which do not have the capability of repairing the damage, thereby killing them or preventing them from growing further. This is why cancers which have heightened repair mechanisms such as gliomas are often resistant to radiation treatment. Chemotherapy works similarly, the aim is again to damage the DNA of cancer cells.
19 8 / 2013
Anonymous said: My biology teacher told us about antibiotic resistance today. Can you explain how this affects countries and what is going on?
Antibiotics, the way they are used, problems in their availability to developing nations and resistance are actually topics I’m really interested in. I don’t think a brief answer will do this topic justice but I’ve been planning an in depth series of posts on this for a while so keep an eye out and I promise you’ll hear something soon!
12 8 / 2013
Genetic testing is a powerful technique which often involves taking a blood or tissue sample and examining the DNA for a known mutation that causes a particular disease (eg a mutated BRCA1 gene).
How does a person know if they should have a genetic test for BRCA1/BRCA2 mutations?
Depending on where you live, genetic tests can be expensive and they may also be a source of emotional stress. Therefore, a genetic counsellor can advise whether a test would be beneficial or not. Selection of individuals for genetic testing is based on a risk assessment, so those who are calculated to have a high risk will likely be advised to be tested and vice versa. There are actually several types of risk assessment and each has strengths and limitations. Below are two examples of different types of risk assessment which may be used:
Claus model – This assessment decides what the individual’s risk is based on factors including:
- How many first and second degree relatives have had breast cancer and at what age they were diagnosed (this is because if there are many close relatives that suffered breast cancer at an early age, there is greater likelihood that there is an inherited mutation at play).
The limitations with this model are that it doesn’t take into account more than two relatives and that it doesn’t include tumours in other areas of the body. The reason the latter is important is that as we discussed previously, mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 have been associated with other cancers too.
Gail model – This assessment decides what the individual’s risk is based on factors including:
- The age at which a woman experienced her first period (formally known as menarche)
- The age at which the woman had her first live birth
- Results of any previous biopsies
- Presence of any typical hyperplasia (increase in number of cells)
- First degree relatives diagnosed with breast cancer
The limitations of this model are that it excludes second degree relatives, paternal relatives (as discussed, men can get breast cancer too!) and age of diagnosis. As a result, it could underestimate the risk despite someone having a strong family history. However, a professional has a full understanding of the limitations and strengths of different models and so will be able to advise an individual as to their risk.
In a previous post, you said mutations in BRCA genes have been associated with colon cancer. Are people with relatives that have had colon cancer screened for BRCA mutations?
There is a bit controversy over this! One study showed that a BRCA1 mutation can give rise to a 2-fold increase in risk of colon cancer. However, it is important to note that the colon is in anatomical proximity to the ovaries and some professionals have questioned whether the results of this study are due to a misdiagnosis of ovarian cancer. Other studies have shown that colon cancer is not associated with BRCA mutations.
How is the genetic test actually performed?
The DNA is sequenced and scientists receive a sensitive readout of the nucleotides in the DNA. From this information, they can determine if your BRCA genes are “normal” or if they have a mutation associated with breast cancer risk. The technology for sequencing is booming and there are many techniques which can be used. However, it is still expensive and still not as fast as we want it to be! Developing fast, effective and cheap technologies is paramount. Aside from this, we also need to develop the capability to store all this information in order for this technology to truly take off.
Once you’ve had the genetic test, how is the lifetime risk of breast cancer calculated?
The first thing to highlight here is that such a test predicts your risk. It does not spell out your fate. Angelina Jolie had an 87% risk of developing breast cancer. This percentage may vary for different people. This is because the development of breast cancer is under the influence of multiple factors. Here are some points to help you understand why risk is different for different people:
- There are many different types of mutations of the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes
- There are many variants of the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes. The BRCA2 gene has at least 1,893 variants!
- Each individual has a different genetic background. Think of this as the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes being like well known actors and all your other genes like different movies. There are a limited number of actors but a huge abundance of different films. The actors act differently depending on the film they’re in. Different BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes will affect cancer risk differently depending on what your other genetic material looks like and that varies greatly between people!
- Everyone is exposed to different risk factors in their environment. This can be due to lifestyle, socioeconomic status, geographical location etc.
- If you have a mutation in the central region of the gene then your risk is likely higher than if it is at the end of the gene (if you’d like to know the molecular details of why, don’t be afraid to ask!)
What are the outcomes of a genetic test?
There are three main outcomes. These are:
Positive – A mutation has been found which is associated with an increased risk of developing the disease (note again, this does not indicate complete certainty of developing the disease). This outcome is actually able to tell you about more people than just the person tested. Relatives of the “positive” individual can be classified as carriers. It also tells you that if you have children, they MAY inherit the mutation you have. There are ethical considerations here which are a source of debate. If your relatives are likely carriers, should this information be shared with them? Not all people want to know they are carriers of a mutation. Other ethical considerations include whether insurance companies should have the right to know the results of such tests and whether they should have the right to prevent positive individuals from buying health insurance.
Negative – This is slightly less straightforward. If an individual is positive, but the relatives are found to be negative then this means that the negative relative has a risk like the rest of the population. If an individual has no BRCA mutations but there IS a family history then there is a chance that other genes are responsible or there is a shared environmental factor. Alternatively, it could just be chance that there is a family history.
Inconclusive – This means a mutation has been found that is unknown or which shouldn’t result in an increase in disease risk. This requires the clinician to examine how significant the mutation is. One way of doing this is to test all members of the family that have developed breast cancer and see if they all have this previously unknown mutation. If they all have it, the clinician may conclude that there is an association between cancer developing and this particular mutation. This would then need to be followed with larger studies to test whether this seems to be the case in the general population. Lab experiments would also be needed to test the structure and function of the protein resulting from this unknown mutation.
What happens if you test positive?
There are a number of options available to reduce the risk of developing cancer, including:
- Prophylactic surgery in which breasts or ovaries are removed
- Prophylactic medication such as tamoxifen which can be given to women at high risk
- Prophylactic lifestyle changes
- Regular screening to ensure that any cancer is caught as early as possible in order to increase the chances of successfully treating it
Finally, it is important to ensure that the public has access to information about genetic testing in order to encourage individuals that may be at increased risk to seek medical advice. In parallel to this, we must push for more affordable genetic screening and greater provision of such services globally.

domain: biology


text:
Latest articles on Therapy
Jo Webber, Head of Herbal Education at Pukka Herbs explains the benefits of Ashwagandha, from reducing stress and boosting mood, to boosting sex drive.
Do you recognise these words? “…But I’m here for a reason, could it be the reason I was born?”. They’re from the song Show Yourself from Frozen...
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Therapy Directory is not responsible for the articles published by members. The views expressed are those of the member who wrote the article.

domain: psychology


text:
The Virtual Boy wasn't exactly Nintendo's finest hour. Despite this, the device was arguably ahead of its time and over the years has developed a cult following. In 2018, for example, an indie developer released a Virtual Boy emulator for the Oculus Rift headset - allowing users to play this short-lived generation of Nintendo gaming on modern VR technology.
Now, the retro console modders at iFixRetro have transformed an old Virtual Boy into an entire console. Instead of having to put your eyes up to the red monochrome head-mounted display, this unique design allows you to connect the system directly to the television.
As explained by Kotaku, the iFixRetro team was able to make this happen by printing a special case. After this, they placed the Virtual Boy headset motherboard inside it, along with a Virtual Tap board and servo emulator.
The servo emulator was created by a console modder known as Furrtek, and "tricks" the headset hardware - enabling it to output to a television. The Virtual Tap also plays a vital role, allowing the graphics to be displayed at a better ratio on-screen.
Have you ever played a Virtual Boy? Would you rather play its red-coloured games on a television? Comment down below.

domain: game


text:
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In rare instances, men taking prescription ED tablets, including CIALIS, reported a sudden decrease or loss of vision or hearing (sometimes with ringing in the ears and dizziness)AS college student bacterial meningitis experienced rare complication of the illness that included gangrene impaired blood circulation in her legs.He ordered Canada's health minister not to grant Novopharm's request for special permission to manufacture a Cialis knockoff until the Pfizer patent expires in 2014. Be equally cautious if you have severe high or low blood pressure, heart failure, or unstable angina (crushing heart pain that occurs at any time).Cialis (50 mg) did not potentiate the increase in bleeding time caused by aspirin (150 mg). If you take Cialis with any nitrate medicine your blood pressure could suddenly drop to an unsafe or life threatening level. 3 x 100mg Cialis =$75 special Arizona Company FedEx; UPS; Visa; MC Canadian Police Arrest 9 For Selling Fake Cialis . Generic cialis costs a fraction of the price you would pay for brand name cialis. Horny goat weed was found to have a Cialis-like effect in the test tube; more research is needed; 425 words; media report.Game Over: FDA Cracks Down on Cialis Online Push .Read this important information before you start taking CIALIS and each time you get a refillGrapefruit and grapefruit juice may interact with Cialis Therefore, the use of such combinations is not recommended. If you have any questions or want more information about Cialis, talk with your doctor or pharmacist, visit www.3 on 50–100 mg of Cialis vs 0.During 3 to 6 months of double-blind treatment or longer-term (1 year), open-label studies, few patients withdrew from active treatment for any reason, including lack of effectiveness. CIALIS demonstrated statistically significant improvement compared to placebo in all 21 studies.>

domain: medical


text:
Art exhibits celebrate chapters in Black history
The history of Black artists on Long Island is rich, deep and still being written. Sometimes, with help, history repeats itself. This month offers chances to revisit pivotal exhibitions of previous decades and witness the cultural significance of Black artists in the area.
A HISTORIC EXHIBIT
In 1969, astronauts landed on the moon, Woodstock brought a summer of love and music, the Mets won the World Series, and anti-war and pro-Black Power protests erupted nationwide. It was the first year of SUNY Stony Brook's Black Studies department. Lawrence Alloway, who presided over the art department, presented "5+1," featuring six Black artists working in the realm of abstraction. Some were local. All were male.
Now, six women in the school's art department, Ph.D. candidates Elise Armani, Amy Kahng, and Gabriella Shypula; Zuccaire Gallery director, Karen Levitov; Professor Katy Siegel; and Professor Howardena Pindell, in collaboration with Boston's Museum of Fine Arts, have set out to restage the exhibition. For "Revisiting 5+1," they added six Black women artists. Black abstract artists were doubly marginalized, explained Kahng, being outside mainstream abstraction which was dominated by white artists, and outside the Black Arts Movement's focus on political works. But for women, said Kahng, "They were even more marginalized, even from the Black art community."
The exhibition presents some of the most important Black artists of the past 60 years, including Frank Bowling, Alma Thomas, Melvin Edwards and Howardena Pindell. It also serves as a celebration of Pindell's more than four decades teaching at Stony Brook. "Plankton Lace #2," her wall-sized sky blue, delicate yet forceful multimedia work brings to mind the environment, time, and care. With paths, valleys, and accretions, and a surface sometimes torn, and then brought together by stitches, it offers multiple metaphors.
WHAT "Revisiting 5 + 1"
WHEN | WHERE Through March 31, 12-4 p.m. Monday-Friday and by appointment, Paul W. Zuccaire Gallery, Staller Center for the Arts, Stony Brook University
INFO Free; 631-632-7240, zuccairegallery.stonybrook.edu
WHAT "Return to A Place by the Sea"
WHEN | WHERE Through May 27, 12-5 p.m. Wednesday-Sunday, The Church, 48 Madison St., Sag Harbor
INFO Free; 631-919-5342, thechurchsagharbor.org
WHAT "Creative Haven: Black Artists of Sag Harbor" (Feb. 17-Aug. 27) and "Romare Bearden: Artist as Activist and Visionary" Feb. 17 - May 29
WHEN | WHERE "Haven" Feb. 17-Aug. 27 and 'Bearden" Feb. 17-May 29, 12-5 p.m. Thursday-Sunday, The Long Island Museum, 1200 Rte. 25A, Stony Brook
INFO $10, $7 seniors, $5 students, free age 5 and younger; 631-751-0066, longislandmuseum.org
WHAT "Engineers of Equality"
WHEN | WHERE Through March 25, 12-4 p.m. Thursday, 2-6 p.m. Friday and 10 a.m.-2 p.m. Saturday, Westbury Arts, 255 Schenck Ave, Westbury
INFO Free; 516-400-2787, westburyarts.org
Also revisiting an earlier exhibition, featuring four Black artists whose work deserves a reassessment, is "Return to a Place by the Sea" at The Church in Sag Harbor. Co-curators April Gornik and Sara Cochran reunited East End abstractionists who worked and showed together for decades, placing art from a 1999 exhibition side-by-side with recent pieces from Nanette Carter, Gregory Coates, Al Loving, and Frank Wimberley. Paintings, sculptures, and installations filled with what Cochran describes as "joy" open new windows into both the genre and Long Island's place in art. "I'm happy that we're looking at all kinds of history," said Gornik, "of artists who've mutually supported each other, and then being part of righting the wrong of Black artists being ignored, and of this being such a wonderful part of Sag Harbor's history." Cochran noted, "Sag Harbor was a safe harbor for their creativity."
On Feb. 17, the Long Island Museum in Stony Brook opens two new shows. "Creative Haven: Black Artists of Sag Harbor" also explores the impact of Sag Harbor's SANS community. Look for paintings, sculptures and photographs that range from Impressionistic interiors that recall Vincent van Gogh to cutting-edge multimedia works that push the limits of abstraction. Co-curators Joshua Ruff and Michael Butler found great range, depth and diversity in artists bound together through inspiration and community.
"Romare Bearden: Artist as Activist and Visionary" offers a stunning suite of prints by the 20th century master on loan from the Romare Bearden Foundation. Ruff hopes both shows will help people understand the significant influence that artists like Bearden and the Sag Harbor group had on each other and the wider art world. Bearden's works are also prominently featured in the Heckscher Museum of Art's "Raise the Roof: The Home in Art," through March 2024.
At Westbury Arts' "Engineers of Equality" photographer Tricia Messeroux encourages young artists to meet their heroes by dressing up as historic Black figures and posing for portraits. Documentary images of Rosa Parks, John Lewis, Harriet Tubman and more, paired with children posing as them, present double portraits filled with hope and inspiration.
MORE EXHIBITS SPOTLIGHTING BLACK HISTORY MONTH
WHAT "The Barack Obama Presidency: Hope and Change" includes photos, documents, and objects from presidential debates
WHEN | WHERE Feb. 14-June 16, David Filderman Gallery at Hofstra University, 1000 Hempstead Tpke., Hempstead
INFO Free; 516-463-5672, hofstra.edu/museum
WHAT "When We All Stand" featuring art for social justice.
WHEN | WHERE Through July 28, Emily Lowe Gallery at Hofstra
INFO Free, 516-463-5672, hofstra.edu/museum
WHAT An exhibit celebrating Louis Armstrong, Lloyd Trotman and more Black jazz greats.
WHEN | WHERE 12-5 p.m. Thursday-Saturday, The Jazz Loft, 275 Christian Ave., Stony Brook
INFO $15-$30; 631-751-1895, thejazzloft.org
WHAT "History Through Dolls of Color: Silent Witnesses to Time" pop-up exhibit and lecture by April S. Marius
WHEN | WHERE 1 p.m. Feb. 11, Suffolk County Historical Society, 300 W. Main St., Riverhead
INFO $8; 631-727-2881, suffolkcountyhistoricalsociety.org
WHAT "Black Creativity: Selected Works by Black Artists" presented by the Islip Arts Council in cooperation with the Islip Town Branch of the NAACP and Black Long Island.
WHEN | WHERE Feb. 14-March 10, Islip Arts Council Gallery, 1701 Sunrise Hwy., Bay Shore
INFO Free; 631-888-3525, isliparts.org
WHAT "Immersion — Flight" an immersive experience with videos, archival documentation, animation, original works of art and spoken word focused on the Tuskegee Airmen, flight, and the African American experience.
WHEN | WHERE Feb. 11-March 11, Islip Arts Council Gallery, 1701 Sunrise Hwy., Bay Shore
INFO Free; 631-888-3525, isliparts.org
— MARY GREGORY

domain: artistic


text:
• A fibroadenoma feels like a firm, smooth or rubbery lump in the breast with a well-defined shape.
• A fibroadenoma is a noncancerous tumor in the breast that’s commonly found in women under the age of 30.
• It’s painless and moves easily under the skin when touched.
• The tumor consists of breast tissue and stromal, or connective tissue.
• Fibroadenomas can occur in one or both breasts.
• Fibroadenomas develop from the lobules. The glandular tissue and ducts grow over the lobule to form a solid lump.
• There are four types of fibroadenomas: simple fibroadenomas, complex fibroadenomas, juvenile fibroadenomas, and giant fibroadenomas
• The simple tumors don’t increase breast cancer risk and look the same all over when viewed under a microscope.
• The complex tumors contain other components such as macrocysts, fluid-filled sacs large enough to feel and to see without a microscope. They also contain calcifications, or calcium deposits. Complex fibroadenomas can slightly increase risk of breast cancer.
• Juvenile fibroadenoma is found in girls and adolescents between the ages of 10 and 18. They can grow large, but most shrink over time, Some disappears.
• Giant fibroadenoma can grow to larger than 2 inches.
• Hormones such as estrogen may play a part in the growth and development of the tumors.
• Taking oral contraceptives before the age of 20 has been associated with a higher risk of developing fibroadenomas as well.
• Fibroadenomas occur more often during reproductive years, can become bigger during pregnancy or with use of hormone therapy, and might shrink after menopause, when hormone levels decrease.
●Sign and Symptoms
• A lump that is hard, not movable, or feels attached to the chest wall, with or without pain, perhaps with dimpling or puckering of the breast, this may be a sign of breast cancer.
• A lump that is movable and feels unattached to the chest wall, is a cyst or a fibroadenoma.
• Pain or a feeling of fullness in one or both breasts, that’s not related to premenstrual swelling.
• Sometimes a painful lump, with or without redness, is the first sign of an infection.
• The masses may feel tender or painful, especially right before menstruation, when they may swell due to hormonal changes.
• Fibroadenomas are so mobile that women sometimes refer to them as “breast mice,” as they tend to run away from their fingers.
• Fibroadenomas are most common in women who are between 15 and 30 years old and in pregnant women.
• It is not seen after menopause unless using of hormonal therapy.
• Body mass index and the number of full-term pregnancies were found to have a negative correlation with the risk of fibroadenomas.
• There are no known genetic factors that influence the rate of fibroadenomas.
• Fibroadenomas can be expected to shrink naturally and so, most are simply monitored.
• Generally, surgery is only recommended if the fibroadenoma gets larger or causes increased symptoms.
• There are several non-invasive options for the treatment of fibroadenomas, including percutaneous radiofrequency ablation(RFA), cryoablation, and percutaneous microwave ablation.
• Sonomammography and FNAC- fine niddle aspiration cytology should be done in clinical investigation.
• Calcarea fluorica is the best homoeopathic medicine for treating fibroadenoma of the breast, where the nodes are as hard as a stone.
• Calcarea fluorica has a strong tendency to dissolve these hard knots in the breast.
• Wonderful results of use of calcarea fluorica in women with stony hard nodes in the breast.
• These breast fibroadenomas get smaller and the hard lumps get soften, followed by completely disappears with the medicine.
• Conium is great medicine for treating glandular affections.
• Conium can be used with excellent results to treat tumors in mammary glands.
• Conium is preffered in cases where nodes in the breast are present with pain in the breast before and during menstruation.
• The pain usually gets worst upon touching.
• Conium helps in treating both the cyclic appearance of breast pain around the menstrual nisus and also the diminution of breast nodes.
• Graphites is wonderful medicine for treating tumors in the breast that are arising from some old scars in the breast.
• Old scars may have remained after healing of abscess in the breast.
• It works efficiently in the dissipation of these tumors, as well as scars disappear with this medicine.
• Nipples are sore, cracked and blistered.
• Cancerous diathesis in old cicatrices.
• Tendency to grow cystic tumours, wens.
• It has tendency to produce excoriations, cracks at muco-cutaneous junctions, nipples, and also in folds of skin.
• Phytolacca is natural homoeopathic medicine which can be beneficial for the treatment of fibroadenoma of breast when inflammation of breast associated with it.
• The breast is extremely sensitive, hard and painful.
• The glands in armpits may also enlarged.
• It provides great help in reducing inflammation and pain in breast initially, followed by completely disappearance of hardness.
• Heavy, Stony, Hard, Swollen or Tender Mammae, paining during suckling, spreading all over the body.
• Hard nodes in breast with enlarged axillary glands.
• Nipples cracked, very sensitive, inverted.
• Irritable breast before and during menses.
• Bloody, watery discharge from mammae.
• Affection of old cicatrices in mammae.
• Pulsatilla is a natural homoeopathic medicine that can be taken when nodes in the breast are accompanied by menstrual irregularity.
• The main menstrual irregularity noticed is suppressed menses for a long duration or scanty menses.
• Pulsatilla is of much help for girls at puberty suffering from lumps or nodes in breast.
■ Scrophularia nosoda
• Scrophularia nosoda is a rare but very significant homoeopathic medicine that can be used for dissolving the tumors, lumps, nodes or indurations in breasts.
• It is an extremely powerful medicine to dissolve and get rid of breast tumors.
• The chief clinical authority for scrophularia is Cooper, who has used it on some old indications.
• Nodosities in the breast is indication of Cooper’s. It has produced, according to Cooper, a sickly, giddy feeling, with a sense of weakness and sinking at pit of chest, too weak to speak; along with pain from forehead to back of head.
• It is mainly used in tincture form or first potency.


It’s been reported already that Mega heroine Niharika Konidela will be making her Kollywood debut with a dark comedy titled Oru Nalla Naal Paathu Solren. The film also stars Vijay Sethupathi and Gautham Karthik.
The latest update is that Oru Nalla Naal Paathu Solren’s audio album will be released during the Nadigar Sangam star night in Malaysia on January 6. The who’s who of Tamil film industry will be present at the audio launch.
Young filmmaker Arumuga Kumar is the director of Oru Nalla Naal Paathu Solren and Ganesh Kalimuthu, Ramesh Kalimuthu and Arumugakumar are the producers.
Articles that might interest you:
- Nag, Rajamouli coming together for singer Smita
- The Lion King registers a huge growth in collections
- Manmadhudu 2’s trailer gets a launch date
- Saaho’s fresh release date postpones Shraddha’s new film
- Here’s the list of Bigg Boss Season 3 contestants
- RGV finds Ileana 2.0!


text:
I made this card for the challenge at the Muse Card Club this week. Barb Ghig is the guest designer and she created a lovely card for the muse (see below). I made my card very similar to the design of Barb's card and was inspired by:
The scalloped and stitched border on the top piece
The color pink
I used paper from Photo Play called cherry blossom, a sentiment from Penny black and a butterfly from Memory Box.
Here's Barb's card:
Thanks for stopping by today :)

domain: hobby


text:
Niagara Gazette — I will say up front that I endorse the Niagara Heritage Partnership position for total removal (Alternative 6) of the gorge parkway. When I saw in the Niagara Gazette that the Niagara Falls school board “voted” for Alternative Three, I started to laugh. None of those people had, as far as I knew, ever attended a meeting, listened to a speech on the subject, written a letter to the editor, or anything else during the 15 years of back-and-forth discussion. Suddenly they had an opinion. There was a picture of Assemblyman John Ceretto with that article and I jumped to the conclusion that he’d influenced them. But I might have been wrong. There was no indication of that in the story, just the announcement that Ceretto was also for Alternate 3. That was no surprise. He is refusing to be informed, as indicated by his failure to respond to a letter asking him to support Alternative 6, which also gave reasons to do so. (The letter’s now under Recent Postings at www.niagaraheritage.org).
So I still couldn’t figure out why the school board had decided to vote for Alt. 3. Did they realize that a vote for Alt. 3 maintains the detour around the city of Niagara Falls — and is, therefore, a vote against the support for removal taken by the Niagara Falls Business and Professional Associations? Did they realize it is also a vote against the Niagara Falls Tourism and Advisory Board; a vote against the Niagara Falls City Council; and a vote against 99 percent of the Niagara Falls Block Clubs — all of whom have voted for total removal?
The newspaper reported the school board had “concerns about traffic.” This revealed they’re unaware that the EDR traffic study concluded there would be no such problem with total removal. These are facts: according to DOT traffic counts, 14,152 vehicles per day drive past Hyde Park School. If every single car currently using the parkway were to drive on Lewiston Road, the count there would still be far less than half of that now going past Hyde Park School without incident. This information has been available since 2010. It appears the school board didn’t do its homework.
When another article revealed $11 million of Niagara River Greenway funds were marked for “new and improved athletic fields” in the NF School district, the pieces started to fit. Mayor Paul Dyster properly abstained on this vote (didn’t support it), because he’s a Greenway Commissioner. But he also supports Alt. 6 for total removal. He signed the petition for it, as did other members of his family. Now the school board vote appears to be a “get even” vote, a retaliation. This is only an opinion, of course. There’s no proof of it.
But it’s interesting that the County Legislative chair thinks 11 million dollars worth of Astroturf for the athletic fields is a good idea, a suitable greenway project, and the Legislature also supports Alt 3. A few years ago when the Legislature was asked to evaluate the evidence and support total removal they declined, concluding it wasn’t an issue that fell within their legislative responsibility. Somehow they’ve managed to change their minds about that.
What’s next? Will Mount St. Mary’s Hospital, whose director of community relations is on the “Parkway Preservation” committee, be cheering for Alt 3? How about Niagara Falls Memorial Medical Center? I wonder if their sudden interest and weak reasons in support of Alt. 3 will give me another laugh.Helen Kress is a Niagara Falls resident.

domain: politics


text:
Ever think of having soups to beat fatigue – soups for dinner?
When you have fatigue, sometimes it’s very difficult to force yourself to create a nice meal for yourself.
Yet, that’s exactly what you need – a nice home-cooked meal that can energize you, nourish you and give you a sense of comfort.
The funny thing is that no one ever really thinks of soups to beat fatigue.
• soups to lose weight
• low fat soups
• soups for diabetics
• soups for kids
• soups easy to digest
• soups good for diarrhea
• soups good for freezing
• soups for the crock pot
• soups good for colds
• soups for dinner
But never do people think about soups to beat fatigue. So you are one of the first to think up this idea if you are reading this article right now.
Soups For Dinner Every Day Of The Week
The fact is that you can craft your own soups for any purpose, but if you have fatigue, what better way to spend about an hour or two a week – and having enough soup for the rest of the week.
The reason why we know that soups can be created for fatigue is because of the whole field of dietetics. Dietitians have a whole diet created for every single type of illness – and symptom.
If you have diarrhea, there’s a diet that you can still eat. If you have constipation, there’s a diet. Diabetes – there’s a diet. Hypoglycemia – there’s a diet. Dietitians never want you to go hungry.
You Only Need To Follow Three Soup Guidelines
There are guidelines you can use to create your own soups to boost your energy level and eliminate the fatigue you may be feeling. Here are a few of them to get you started:
1. Always Include Protein in the Soup
2. Use at Least One Primary Flavor
3. Include a Minimum of 5 Vegetables
1. Always Include Protein In The Soups To Beat Fatigue
The reason why you need protein in the soups to beat fatigue is because the protein provides some calories and buffers the carbohydrate content of a soup.
A food too high in carbohydrates – even soup – will create fatigue. But when a food has just the right amount of carbohydrate, you get energized and leave the fatigue behind.
To add protein to a soup you will need either one of the following:
The best way to include the meats in soup is in a raw state, and then the meat cooks along with the rest of the soup. The taste of the soup is fresh when you add raw meat as well.
However, if you add cooked meat, the soup still has flavor, but it won’t be as good as it could be when you add raw meat.
Egg is added to soups such as egg drop soup, but it’s not really recommended in soups that beat fatigue. Instead, focus on the more hearty soups with meat of your choice.
2. Use At Least One Primary Flavor In Your Soups To Beat Fatigue
Every soup you make needs great flavor or you won’t eat it. The flavor goes a long way as a motivational tool.
In other words, when you eat a soup with lots of flavor, it’s almost as if you are transported out of your present mindset about your problems to a new beginning.
Life becomes passionate with flavors. Life becomes fun. Problems melt away.
Here are some great flavors you can add to any of your soups with meat:
• fresh grated ginger
• garlic and onion together
• ginger with lemon
• one primary spice such as basil, oregano, or savory
3. Include A Minimum Of 5 Vegetables
Every soup that is designed to beat fatigue needs vegetables.
It’s the medicinal constituents in vegetables that help you beat fatigue because they’re full of nutrients that activate numerous biochemical and metabolic pathways in the body.
When you create your soup to beat fatigue, it’s easy to start with two or three vegetables and sauté them in butter, olive oil or coconut oil.
Cook them thoroughly, then add two or more vegetables that are sliced or diced to the soup pot along with the water.
Tried And Proven Combinations For Your Soup To Beat Fatigue
Here are a few really great and tasty combinations that will work for you:
• sweet onion and garlic sautéed, then carrots, celery and diced potatoes with a protein base of beef bone and stew beef or chicken breasts
• green onions and garlic sautéed with ginger and lemon, then carrots and parsnips with a protein base of beef bone and stew beef or turkey chunks
• leeks and grated ginger sautéed, then butternut squash chunks, celery and parsley with a protein base of diced chicken
Basic Soup Recipe To Beat Fatigue
Your next question may be this: how much of each of the vegetables and meat do I use?
The answer is that you basically want to fill up the soup pot first with about 1 pound meat to 1-1/2 pounds meat, then add at least a small sauté pan full of sautéed vegetables.
Then fill up the rest of the soup pot with vegetables of your choice, and of course water or stock. Cook for about one hour, covered, and on low. Add salt and pepper to taste.
This is your basic soup recipe for how to make soup to beat fatigue. And the beauty of it is that every soup will taste different and every soup will be energizing.
Soup For Dinner Filled With Flavors
By the way, you’ll have plenty of soup for the entire week with this type of recipe, especially if you make one gallon.
This way if you’re still tired during the week, there’s no excuse to not eat right. You can always have a bowl of soup for a meal.
And you can always alter the soup just slightly if you get tired of it by Wednesday.
For example, by adding a cup or two of milk – another protein – to the soup, now you have a cream soup. You could even make that yogurt instead of milk.
Or you could add a can of lite coconut milk for a tropical flavor, one that goes exceptionally well with ginger and lemon.
Let soups that beat fatigue be what you use to get you out of the doldrums. Soup can energize your world. It can change your world. And it can nourish your world in more ways than one.
While you’re eating your soups, do check out the End Tiredness Program which discusses many different factors that cause tiredness.
I’m sure you will love it and find some real answers.

domain: food


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By Sugey Palomares | 12/14/2012 - 09:48
Happy Friday! Celebrate the weekend early with our chisme edition below:
By Sugey Palomares | 07/19/2012 - 12:02
Good afternoon chismosos! Find out what we are buzzing about below:
- Word is that The Bachelorette winner, Roberto Martinez has found love without the help from reality television cameras. The Puerto Rican reality star was in the running to become the next hunk on The Bachelor after his engagement split from Ali Fedotowsky, but apparently he turned down the deal after meeting girlfriend, Kara Ramos.
By Samantha Leal | 06/06/2012 - 13:03
After appearing on The Bachelorette and winning Ali Fedotowsky’s heart, Roberto Martinez is back on the market – and possibly back on the air, with rumors flying that he’s to be the next star of The Bachelor.
After an 18-month engagement, Life & Style magazine is reporting that 29-year-old insurance agent Martinez is moving on with his life, and is confirmed for the next season.
By Adriana Rivera | 12/01/2011 - 14:30
Sometimes finding true love on TV doesn’t always work out (surprise!) and sadly for Roberto Martinez and Bachelorette Ali Fedotowsky, that seems to be the case as the two have broken off their engagement last week.
“I wouldn’t be being truthful if I said this came out of nowhere,” Fedotowsky said in an exclusive with People magazine.
By Mariela Rosario | 11/21/2011 - 15:00
Another one bites the dust! The Bachelorette’s Ali Fedotowsky and her hunky Puerto Rican beau Roberto Martinez have officially split up. We have to admit, we were getting a little suspicious after the wedding was called off due to Ali’s injury last spring and mysteriously never rescheduled (seriously, have you seen Martinez, he’s a catch—check him out on Guy’s page in the December/January issue of Latina).
By Amaris Castillo | 10/21/2011 - 13:30
Wedding plans between reality TV star Roberto Martinez and his fiancé Ali Fedotowsky is on hold. In an interview with People, Fedotowsky revealed that she and her Boricua beau were still living together, but that they were not planning a wedding right now. “Does that mean we're fighting? No,” she insisted. “Does that mean we're miserable? Absolutely not!”
By Latina Staff | 08/12/2011 - 15:30
We caught up with Roberto Martinez, winner of Ali Fedotowsky's heart on season 6 of The Bachelorette to see how wedding plans are coming along since his bride-to-be was injured and had to postpone the wedding. Among other things, we found out that Ali really wants warm weather for the wedding so the special day will most likely scheduled for next spring or summer and that so far, Roberto hasn't had to deal with any scary bridezilla moments—which we have to say is pretty admirable given the circumstance.
By Lee Hernandez | 08/10/2011 - 09:28
On Monday, Lifetime announced that later this year, 13 Project Runway alums (including Mexican-American fashion designers Mondo Guerra and Elisa Jimenez), will be competing in a new reality competition called, Project Runway: All Stars—a 12 episode series that features the crème de la crème of past seasons going head to head for a host of prizes.
By Adriana Rivera | 08/04/2011 - 13:35
—Christina Aguilera is putting her troubled past with Eminem behind her and is working on a new collaboration track with the rapper. The half-Ecuadrean singer is pulling out all the stops on her fifth studio album after the disappointing response to Bionic.


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Take your salmon salad on a Mediterranean vacation with this twist on a classic. Full of bright veggies, flaky salmon, and a refreshing lemon vinaigrette that brings it all together—this is a vacation for your tastebuds too!
Not Your Average Salad
A great salad is all about the combination and contrast of ingredients. And this one has it all. It’s cool, refreshing, a little salty, and the salmon makes it absolutely satisfying. We start with all of the fresh goodies that the Mediterranean flavor profile calls for—tomatoes, red onion, cucumber, and of course, olives.
And I’m a California girl, so I always add some creamy avocado too. Now this would be a delightful little salad on its own, but I wanted something a little more substantial. That’s where the salmon comes in. Using some high quality olive oil (staying true to the Mediterranean mindset) a quick and easy pan sear is all the salmon needs.
Then the salmon just falls apart over our veggie mix, and a drizzle of lemony vinaigrette adds an irresistible brightness. I just love the combination of the warm salmon and cool, crisp veggies. This is a decadent lunch or a lovely light dinner.
Take your tastebuds on a trip to the Mediterranean—they deserve it! – Linds x
Is Salmon Salad Low Carb, Keto, Paleo, or Gluten Free?
Low carb + keto – This keto salmon salad is made of all low carb ingredients. The only swap you’ll want to make is regular maple syrup for a sugar free alternative.
Paleo – Just skip the feta, and this is a perfect paleo salmon salad.
Gluten Free – No gluten here!
A handful of dressing ingredients and veggies are all you need for this rainbow of a salad. I don’t typically use a salmon marinade here, but if you’d like, feel free to marinate your filets before searing them.
- Salmon filets – you can use skin on or off. I like salmon with the skin, as it adds a crispy texture and is loaded with Omega 3s.
- Avocado oil – any mild tasting oil with a high smoke point will do. Other options include vegetable or sunflower oil.
- Romaine lettuce – we want a mild green as well. Kale or mixed greens are also great here.
- Avocado – Haas avocados are always best!
- Lemon vinegarette dressing: Apple cider vinegar, dijon, lemon juice, maple syrup (I use birch blender’s sugar free syrup), garlic, dried oregano, and olive oil. Taste and adjust to your personal preference.
Can I use canned or smoked salmon?
Absolutely! If using canned salmon, just be sure to drain and flake it before adding it in (we loved canned salmon salad!). Smoked salmon is also delicious! In fact, I also have a smoked salmon salad recipe if you want to try another dressing and ingredient combo.
Does wild vs farmed salmon matter?
I only eat wild salmon, due to the contaminants found in farmed salmon (more on that here). Although it’s often more expensive, you can purchase it in bulk from Costco in the freezer section.
Customize Your Salmon Avocado Salad
- Try a different dressing, make your own like this ranch dressing, or use a jar of your fave. Salmon caesar is another delicious option.
- Add your favorite mix-ins, like croutons, chopped nuts, other veggies, fresh herbs, or even parmesan crisps.
- Use a different kind of salmon. As mentioned above you can use leftover salmon (my pesto salmon or salmon bruschetta would be incredible here!), canned salmon, or lox salmon.
- Or try a different kind of protein. Drain a can of tuna, flake it, then add it in, for an upgraded version of this avocado tuna salad. Or go with chicken for a Greek chicken salad.
How to Make Salmon Salad
1. Combine all dressing ingredients, except the olive oil, together in a small bowl.
2. Whisk while slowly adding the olive oil.
3. Dry salmon with paper towels and sprinkle with salt and pepper.
4. Sear salmon on both sides in a warm pan until cooked through. Start with the skin-side down.
5. In a large bowl, combine the veggies.
6. Pour dressing on top and toss to combine.
7. Divide the salad between 2 bowls, and top with salmon, avocado, feta cheese, and kalamata olives.
Can I grill or bake the salmon instead?
Sure can! Cook the salmon fillets however you prefer.
How to Store this Chopped Salmon Salad
This salmon avocado salad is best served immediately, but if you have leftovers, store your dressing, salmon, veggies, and lettuce all separately, to keep the lettuce nice and crisp. Toss everything for your chopped salmon salad together right before you plan to serve it.
Psst–leftovers make a great salmon salad sandwich or lettuce wrap!
More Salad Recipes
Salmon SaladPrint Recipe Pin Recipe
- 2 salmon filets 4 ounces each. Skin on or off based on your preference.
- 1 Tablespoon avocado oil
- Kosher salt and pepper
- 4 cups romaine shredded
- 1/2 cup cherry tomatoes sliced in half
- 1/2 cup cucumbers diced
- ¼ cup red onions diced
- ¼ cup feta crumbled
- 1/4 cup kalamata olives pitted
- ½ avocado diced
- 2 tablespoons apple cider vinegar
- 1 Tablespoon dijon mustard
- 1 Tablespoon lemon juice
- 1 Tablespoon water
- 1/2 teaspoon maple syrup I use Birch Blender's sugar free syrup
- 2 clove garlic minced
- 1 teaspoon dried oregano
- ½ teaspoon Kosher salt
- pinch black pepper
- 1/4 cup olive oil
- Make the dressing by whisking together the apple cider vinegar (2 tablespoons), dijon (1 tablespoon), lemon juice (1 tablespoon), water (1 tablespoon), maple syrup (1/2 teaspoon), garlic (2 clove), oregano (1 teaspoon), salt (1/2 teaspoon), and pepper (pinch). Slowly add the olive oil (1/4 cup) as you whisk. Set aside.
- Dab salmon filets (2) completely dry, and season both sides with salt and pepper. Press to adhere. Heat avocado oil in a large pan over medium-high heat. Once the oil starts to shimmer, add the salmon, skin side down. Cook until the skin no longer sticks to the pan, flips easily, and is crispy–about 4-5 minutes. Flip and cook on the second side until the salmon is cooked through, should be another 4-5 minutes.
- In a large bowl, combine the romaine (4 cups), onions (1/4 cup), tomatoes (1/2 cup), and cucumbers (1/2 cup). Pour dressing on top and toss to combine.
- Divide the salad between 2 bowls. Top salad with salmon, avocado (1/2), feta (1/4 cup), and kalamata olives (1/4 cup). Enjoy!


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TV Shows We Grew Up With (Late 90's-00's)
A look back at the shows kids from my generation (born in early 90's) grew up with! YAY! Enjoy!
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domain: law


Tesla Launches FSD 10.6.1 Beta Version, The Level of Assistance Is Further Improved!
by Tesery Tesla on Dec 14, 2021
A few days ago, some media learned from officials that Tesla has pushed the FSD (Fully Autonomous Driving) 10.6.1 Beta version. This version is a beta version. This update is mainly aimed at improving functions such as automatic braking and object detection network architecture, so as to achieve higher detection accuracy of vehicles on objects. This update brings a number of improvements, improves the accuracy and speed of object detection, and solves some of the annoying problems that existed before. It seems that Tesla is taking great pains to improve the driving experience of car owners.
This version improves the accuracy of monitoring VRU objects such as pedestrians, bicycles, and motorcycles by updating the next-generation detection algorithm. On the basis of the existing FSD Beta 10.5, the Tesla FSD 10.6.1 Beta version improves the recognition accuracy, reduces the recognition error at night and decrease the average relative error by 18.5%; at the same time, it makes concessions to oncoming vehicles and slows down corrections when lanes deviate. The stability of the vehicle is gradually approaching the assistance level of L5 automatic driving; when an object crosses the front lane, the automatic braking action is improved to make it smoother and enhance passenger comfort; and improve the parking and waiting position when the vehicle turns left at an open intersection. In addition, the Tesla 10.6.1 Beta version also optimizes the recognition accuracy, unprotected left turn parking position, and slows down the stability of lane departure.
Tesla CEO Elon Musk previously said, “Tesla will launch a fully automated driving (FSD) software package subscription service in the second quarter of 2021. The main functions of FSD include Autopilot navigation, automatic lane change, and automatic parking,summoning function, FSD computer, signal light and parking sign control. FSD one-time purchase cost is about 10,000 US dollars." Although Chinese users can also purchase Tesla's FSD, due to China's complex traffic environment and lack of high-precision maps that can be localized, it cannot be used on Chinese roads.


due to the coronavirus crisis, special payments for employees up to an amount of 1,500 Euro will be exempt from tax and social security contributions in 2020.
This was announced by the Federal Ministry of Finance on 03.04.2020.
Employers can now pay out tax-free allowances and benefits to their employees up to an amount of 1,500 Euro or grant them as non-cash benefits.
This covers special benefits which employees receive between 01.03.2020 and 31.12.2020. It can be assumed that the payments can also be made in parts.
A precondition is that the allowances and benefits are paid in addition to the wages already owed. The tax-free benefits must be recorded in the payroll account. Other tax exemptions and valuation allowances remain unaffected.
If you have any questions, please contact us. We are happy to help you.


In some parts of the world, people don’t have access to basic, life-saving medical equipment–like heart rate monitors. But an organization called Engineering World Health (EWH) is working hard to change that. EWH’s team of young scientists, doctors and engineers travel to under-resourced countries around the globe, using their skills to repair medical equipment, or to invent low-cost alternatives. KID Museum visitors had a chance to build one of these inventions for themselves: the optical heart rate monitor.
Adedayo Jobi-Odeneye, a biomedical engineering student who spent her summer working for EWH abroad, led the workshop. The kids watched a brief slide show on the need for innovative medical equipment, and then set to work constructing their own. The optical heart rate monitor is built with circuits and LEDs. Once finished, a working monitor measures a person’s heart rate through the fingertip and reflected in a blinking light.
For more about this workshop, see A Visit to KID Museum, EWH’s own blog about the event.


Mississippi agency ex-leader pleads guilty in welfare fraud
JACKSON, Miss. (AP) — A former director of Mississippi’s welfare agency has pleaded guilty to misspending tens of millions of dollars meant for needy families. The charges are part of the largest public corruption case in the state’s history. John Davis has agreed to testify against others in the case.
A state court judge gave Davis 32 years in prison. Davis remains on house arrest until his federal sentencing in February. Davis was an influential figure in a scandal that has produced criminal charges against several people, including pro wrestler Ted DiBiase.
The scandal also raised questions about retired NFL quarterback Brett Favre and former Mississippi Gov. Phil Bryant.


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In a peaceful settlement of international territorial and maritime disputes between states, parties involved have a lot of options including negotiation, inquiry, mediation, conciliation, arbitration, judicial settlement or other peaceful means depending on the dispute. In the case of the Philippine’s claims to North Borneo or Sabah, based on the Manila Accord of 31 July 1963, entered into by the Philippines, Indonesia, and Malaya – the Philippines has the right to pursue its claim a
It is already apparent that the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic will be uneven, with poorer countries bearing the brunt of the fallout. This includes the 1.2 million children in Bangladesh who are engaged in the harshest forms of child labour. In such uncertain times, these children – and millions of others elsewhere – are even more vulnerable to exploitative and hazardous work. The reason is simple.
On 14 October, Chinese President Xi Jinping visited the southern city of Shenzhen, where he delivered a speech celebrating 40 years of progress since the special economic zone (SEZ) was established there and set a path for the future. A month later, Xi headed to Shanghai’s Pudong district – which was designated China’s first “new area” 30 years earlier – for the same purpose.
The 15 November agreement to form the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) between the 10 members of ASEAN and Australia, China, Japan, Korea and New Zealand has only modest immediate economic effects for the European Union (EU). However, with China playing a central role in the new arrangement, the long-term strategic and geopolitical implications are major.
For much of its life, the United Nations (UN) has hidden behind the comfortable maxim that, “If we didn’t have it, we would have to invent it.” Now at the venerable age of 75 (old enough to have been a 2020 US presidential candidate), the organisation still enjoys widespread approval in global opinion polls. But beneath the surface, the UN faces difficulties that cannot be ignored. Judging by traditional and social media, the issues that the UN pushes tend to get little traction.
Being situated along the “Ring of Fire” and the “Typhoon Belt”, the Philippines is exposed to tropical storms and usually suffers from various natural disasters and calamities such as earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and flooding. Based on the 2018 World Risk Report, the Philippines ranked third in terms of disaster risk index, and the highest risks are those of earthquakes reported with 10 risk index points and tropical cyclones of 9.5 risk index points.
With the signing of the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) on 15 November, the stage is set for Malaysia to tap into the world’s largest free trade area (FTA) with 2.1 billion consumers, including China, and accounting for approximately 30 percent of the world’s gross domestic product (GDP). Up next is the Comprehensive and Progressive Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP) – spanning the Asia-Pacific Rim countries and home to 95 million consumers as well as contributing a
Although COVID-19 infections and deaths are surging in many parts of the world, recent announcements of apparently successful vaccine trials have offered a light at the end of the tunnel.
Once United States (US) President-elect Joe Biden’s administration has made the relatively easy decisions to rejoin the Paris climate agreement, remain in the World Health Organization (WHO), and attempt to reboot the World Trade Organization (WTO), it will confront three key foreign-policy issues.
In less than four years, outgoing United States (US) President Donald Trump has achieved what, historically, only devastating wars had done: recast the global order. With his isolationism, wannabe authoritarianism, and sheer capriciousness, Trump gleefully took a sledgehammer to the international institutions and multilateral organisations his predecessors had built from the ashes of World War II and maintained ever since.
The American pharmaceutical company Pfizer and Germany’s BioNTech have announced that the COVID-19 vaccine they are jointly developing was more than 90 percent effective in early clinical trials. The news raised hopes around the world that life may soon return to pre-pandemic normal.Those hopes may not last long.

domain: news


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Backup : Zero Gouki, Rock Man X, Zero
Advice : Now one better than Rock Man X, ZERO has good BP and SP. He can also makes a good team with SNK's Zero. The number games continue with Zero Gouki and Twelve. ZERO improves while X drops; I suppose that's what happens when you start your own series as opposed to making your 9th sequel.
Who got these card ? no one :(
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domain: entertainment


Minority of female legislators at the House of Representatives have submitted a bill seeking political equity with their male counterparts.
They are, therefore, craving the indulgence of full plenary to amend section 4.5 the new election law of Liberia to enhance their objective.
In a communication Tuesday, Montserrado County Representative Josephine George Francis said they want section 6 of the law to be added to provide consideration with respect to gender equity in the political process of Liberia. She disclosed that the current political space in the country was not balanced as it puts the women below the line in political processes. But minutes after the communication was read, majority of lawmakers most of whom males were opposed to the request describing it as 'unconstitutional'.


Student and School Safety
Call 918-480-SAFE (7233) or email email@example.com to report a student or school safety concern.
Is someone in immediate danger?
SOCIAL MEDIA THREATS
We urge parents and families to talk with their children about the importance of good digital citizenship and the severity of the potential consequences for bad decisions made online.
Students who make threats to schools on social media are subject to serious and potentially life-altering consequences. Regardless of the original intention of a social media post - whether it was a joke or an expression of frustration – students can face long term suspension, arrest, and criminal charges.
Ensuring that students are able to get to school on time every day means they need to be able to travel between home and school.
We use three guiding principals to make decisions about postponing or closing school for inclement weather.
There is nothing more important than keeping our students, teachers, and school communities safe, secure, and focused on teaching and learning. We are working closely with the Tulsa Health Department to ensure that our health and safety guidance continues to reflect the most current information from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
- HOW DOES Tulsa Public Schools RESPOND IN THE CASE OF AN EMERGENCY?
- What is the process for lockdowns and intruder alerts?
- IF A SCHOOL IS EVACUATED, HOW WILL I KNOW WHERE TO PICK UP MY CHILD?
- SHOULD I PICK UP MY CHILD AT SCHOOL DURING AN EMERGENCY?
- WHERE WILL I GET ACCURATE INFORMATION DURING AN EMERGENCY?
- WHAT CAN I DO TO BE BEST PREPARED FOR EMERGENCIES?


Dictamnus albus var. purpureus
What a long Latin name for a plant we commonly know as gas plant. The flowers give off a flammable gas but it has a very unpleasant odour if the gardener is to light it on fire. I can only imagine who fooled around initially to discover this interesting aspect about the plant.
Dictamnus slowly forms an upright clump with these pretty flowers (just as nice with the white form) and attractive star-shaped seed pods.
One must be very careful gardening around this plant on warm sunny days and avoid contact with the leaves. I can attest to the chemical burn it can create as a couple of years ago I had both my arms blister and it took the longest time to figure out which plant had done this and a couple of months for the mess to clear up.
It's still worth having though and flowers in June to July in most soil types.


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A group of 40 scientists from different countries, chosen specifically by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, were in Ronda for their annual meeting this week. They are trying to end hunger in Africa by studying ways to prevent whitefly spreading viruses to different plants and causing repeated famines.
Among the group were a team from La Mayora Institute of Subtropical and Mediterranean Horticulture (IHSM), which was created by Malaga University and the Senior Scientific Research Committee (CSIC).
The Malaga representatives were doctors Jesús Navas and Elvira Fiallo, technician Remedios Tovar and Tanzanian student Happyness Mollel.
To carry out this project, which is called Cassava Whitefly, the scientists were given a grant of 17 million dollars from the Natural Resources Institute (NRI) of the University of Greenwich in the UK, which had been provided by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. The NRI is leading the project, but researchers from many other countries are also taking part.
La Mayora has been carrying out research into whitefly and the virus it transmits for 20 years; the insect affects many vegetables and fruits in Spain, including tomatoes, peppers, melon and green beans, among others.
The whitefly of the African yucca transmits many viruses to plants, some of which have caused devastating pandemics in East Africa. The numbers of whitefly have increased to an unprecedented level, and they are also spreading rapidly towards West Africa.
The Cassava Whitefly project began in October 2014 and will end in October 2018. The progress made so far, and the importance of the problem, means it is likely that the Foundation will finance a second phase, from 2018 to 2022, with the aim of being able to apply the knowledge which has been gained and design effective and longlasting methods of controlling the plagues of whitefly.

domain: agronomy


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In a battle for pole position in the District 28-6A race, Reagan rode an eight-run fifth inning to defeat Johnson 14-5 Friday night at North East Stadium.
“It was an all-around team effort,” Rattlers coach Chans Chapman said. “We didn’t play perfect by any means, but they’ve got a really good team. I’m really proud of our kids.”


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西游艳谭手机在线播放At the instant when Darnay saw a rush in the eyes of the crowd, which another instant would have brought upon him, the postmaster turned his horse into the yard, the escort rode in close upon his horse's flanks, and the postmaster shut and barred the crazy double gates. The farrier struck a blow upon them with his hammer, and the crowd groaned; but, no more was done.视屏如果没有播放按钮请刷新网页
"What a splendid day!" said Anne, drawing a long breath. "Isn't it good just to be alive on a day like this? I pity the people who aren't born yet for missing it. They may have good days, of course, but they can never have this one. And it's splendider still to have such a lovely way to go to school by, isn't it?"西游艳谭手机在线播放
西游艳谭手机在线播放"Well, I recovered from the shock, and, nothing daunted, went off to the little Irishwoman who sells apples on the Common,--not the fat, tosey one with the stall near West Street, but the dried-up one who sits by the path, nodding over an old basket with six apples and four sticks of candy in it. No one ever seems to buy anything, but she sits there and trusts to kind souls dropping a dime now and then; she looks so feeble and forlorn, 'on the cold, cold ground.'
'Dombey,' said the Major, glancing at the Native as he arranged the table, and encouraging him with an awful shake of his fist when he upset a spoon, 'here is a devilled grill, a savoury pie, a dish of kidneys, and so forth. Pray sit down. Old Joe can give you nothing but camp fare, you see.西游艳谭手机在线播放