text:
Flatten Carries South Dakota State Jackrabbits Past Western Illinois Leathernecks 86-66
BROOKINGS, S.D. (AP) — Skyler Flatten had 31 points as South Dakota State easily beat Western Illinois 86-66 on Saturday.
Flatten shot 6 for 9 on 3-pointers. He added six rebounds.
Mike Daum had 20 points and 10 rebounds for South Dakota State (24-7, 14-2 Summit League), which earned its fourth consecutive win. David Jenkins Jr. added 12 points. Alex Arians had 11 points for the home team.
Kobe Webster had 17 points for the Leathernecks (9-20, 4-12). Isaac Johnson added 15 points. Ben Pyle had 10 points.
The Jackrabbits improve to 2-0 against the Leathernecks for the season. South Dakota State defeated Western Illinois 100-58 on Dec. 28. The Jackrabbits and the Leathernecks next take the floor in the Summit League Tournament.
Copyright 2018 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.


text:
This My First Holy Communion Mass and Prayer Book has illustrations by M.I. Hummel. It includes mass parts, favorite Catholic prayers, the Beatitudes, works of mercy, the ten commandments, sacraments, how to pray the rosary and stations of the cross. This padded front cover book measures 5.5" x 4" and has a ribbon to mark your place.
Nihil Obstat: Right Reverend Archimandrite Francis Vivona
Imprimatur: Most Reverend Joseph A. Pepe, D.D., J.C.D.
Date: August 26, 2014

domain: literature


text:
This Shareholders Agreement (the “Agreement”) is made and effective [DATE],
BETWEEN: [YOUR COMPANY NAME] (the "Company"), a company organized and existing under the laws of the [State/Province] of [STATE/PROVINCE], with its head office located at:
[YOUR COMPLETE ADDRESS]
AND: [FIRST SHAREHOLDER NAME] (the "First Shareholder"), an individual with his main address located at OR a company organized and existing under the laws of the [State/Province] of [STATE/PROVINCE], with its head office located at:
AND: [SECOND SHAREHOLDER NAME] (the "Second Shareholder"), an individual with his main address located at OR a company organized and existing under the laws of the [State/Province] of [STATE/PROVINCE], with its head office located at:
AND: [THIRD SHAREHOLDER NAME] (the "Third Shareholder"), an individual with his main address located at OR a company organized and existing under the laws of the [State/Province] of [STATE/PROVINCE], with its head office located at:
WHEREAS, the present distribution of shares of the Company is as follows:
Number of Shares
WHEREAS, in order to insure the harmonious and successful management and control of the Company, and to provide for an orderly and fair disposition of shares of common stock of the Company now or hereafter owned by any Shareholder;
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual promises of the parties hereto, and intending to be legally bound, the parties hereby agree as follows:
"Offering Shareholder" means any Shareholder, or his personal representatives, heirs, administrators, and executors, as the case may be, who pursuant to this Agreement must or does offer all or any of his
Shares to the Company or the Continuing Shareholders.
"Continuing Shareholders" means all Shareholders other than an Offering Shareholder.
"Buyer" means the Company or those Continuing Shareholders who purchase an Offering Shareholder's Shares pursuant to this Agreement.
"Management Shareholder" means First Shareholder, Second Shareholder and Third Shareholder.
2. Purchase for Investment
Each Shareholder represents and warrants that he is acquiring and has acquired his Shares for his own account for investment and not with a view to, or for resale in connection with, any distribution thereof or with any present intent of selling any portion thereof.
3. Transfers of Shares
A Shareholder may not transfer, give, convey, sell, pledge, bequeath, donate, assign, encumber or otherwise dispose of any Shares except pursuant to this Agreement.
3.1. Transfers to the Company
Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement, a Shareholder may give, sell, transfer or otherwise dispose of all or any of his Shares to the Company at such price and on such terms and conditions as such Shareholder and the Board of Directors of the Company may agree.
3.2. Transfer to Others
Except as provided for in Paragraph 3.1 above, a Shareholder desiring to dispose of some or all of his Shares may do so only pursuant to a bona fide offer to purchase (the "Offer") and after compliance with the following provisions. Such Shareholder shall first give written notice to the Company and the other Shareholders of his intention to dispose of his Shares, identifying the number of Shares he desires to dispose of, the proposed purchase price per Share and the name of the proposed purchaser and attaching an exact copy of the Offer received by such Shareholder.
3.3. The Company's Right to Purchase
The Company shall have the exclusive right to purchase all of the Shares which the Offering Shareholder proposes to sell at the proposed purchase price per Share. The Company shall exercise this right to purchase by giving written notice to the Offering Shareholder (with a copy thereof to each of the Continuing Shareholders) within [NUMBER] days after receipt of the notice from the Offering Shareholder (the "[NUMBER] Day Period") that the Company elects to purchase the Shares subject to the Offer and setting forth a date and time for closing which shall be not later than [NUMBER] days after the date of such notice from the Company. At the time of closing, the Offering Shareholder shall deliver to the Company certificates representing the Shares to be sold, together with stock powers duly endorsed in blank. The Shares shall be delivered by the Offering Shareholder free of any and all liens and encumbrances. All transfer taxes and documentary stamps shall be paid by the Offering Shareholder.
3.4. The Continuing Shareholders Right to Purchase
If the Company fails to exercise its right to purchase pursuant to subparagraph (i) above, the Continuing Shareholders shall have the right for an additional period of [NUMBER] days (the "Additional [NUMBER] Day Period") commencing at the expiration of the [NUMBER] Day Period to purchase the Shares which the Offering Shareholder proposes to sell at the proposed purchase price per Share. The Continuing Shareholders shall exercise this right to purchase by giving written notice to the Offering Shareholder prior to the expiration of the Additional [NUMBER] Day Period that they elect to purchase his Shares and setting forth a date and time for closing which shall be not later than [NUMBER] days after the expiration of the Additional [NUMBER] Day Period. Any purchase of Shares by all or some of the Continuing Shareholders shall be made in such proportion as they might agree among themselves or, in the absence of any such agreement, pro rata in proportion to their ownership of Shares of the Company (excluding the Offering Shareholder's Shares) at the time of such offer, but in any event one or more of the Continuing Shareholders must agree to purchase all the Shares which the Offering Shareholder proposes to sell. At the time of closing, the Offering Shareholder shall deliver to Buyer certificates representing the Shares to be sold, together with stock powers duly endorsed in blank. Said Shares shall be delivered by the offering Shareholder free and clear of any and all liens and encumbrances. All transfer taxes and documentary stamps shall be paid by the Offering Shareholder.
3.5. Performance of Acceptance
When exercising the rights granted in Paragraphs 3.2 hereof, Buyer must elect to purchase all Shares which the Offering Shareholder proposes to sell for the price and upon the same terms for payment of the price as are set forth in the Offer; provided, however, that if said offer received by the Offering Shareholder shall provide for any act or action to be done or performed by the party making such Offer at any time before or within [NUMBER] days after the last day for exercise of Buyer's right to purchase pursuant to Paragraphs 3.2 hereof, then the Buyer shall be deemed to have complied with the terms and conditions of such Offer if Buyer does or performs such act or action within [NUMBER] days after the last day for exercise of Buyer's right to purchase pursuant to Paragraphs 3.2 hereof.
3.6. Sale to Third Party
If either the Company or some or all of the Continuing Shareholders do not elect to purchase all of the Shares which the Offering Shareholder proposes to sell, the Offering Shareholder may accept the Offer which the Offering Shareholder mailed with his notice to the Company pursuant to Paragraph 3.2 hereof and transfer all (but not less than all) of the Shares which he proposes to sell pursuant thereto on the same terms and conditions set forth in such Offer, provided that any transferee of such Shares shall be bound by this Agreement, and further provided that if such sale is not completed within [NUMBER] days after the date notice is received by the Company under Paragraph 3.2 hereof, all such Shares shall again become subject to the restrictions and provisions of this Agreement.
3.7. Right of Co-Sale
Notwithstanding any other provision hereof, in the event the Offering Shareholder receives an Offer from an unaffiliated third party (the "Offeror") to purchase from such Shareholder not less than [%] of the Shares owned by such Shareholder and such Shareholder intends to accept such Offer, the Offering Shareholder shall, after complying with the provisions of Paragraph 3.2 above and before accepting such Offer, forward a copy of such Offer to the Company and each of the Continuing Shareholders. The Offering Shareholder shall not sell any such Shares to the Offeror unless the terms of the Offer are extended by the Offeror to the Continuing Shareholders pro rata in proportion to their ownership of Shares of the Company (excluding the Offering Shareholder's Shares) at the time of such Offer. The Continuing Shareholders shall have [NUMBER] days from the date of the foregoing Offer to accept such Offer.
First Shareholder, Second Shareholder and Third Shareholder may each during their lifetimes transfer all, hut not less than all, of their Shares to said Shareholder's spouse or a lineal descendant of such Shareholder, so long as prior to such transfer (i) such person, the Company, and all the Shareholders amend this Agreement to the reasonable satisfaction of such person, the Company and all the Shareholders to provide the parties to this Agreement with the rights, remedies and effect provided in this Agreement as if no such transfer had occurred, and (ii) the proposed transferee agrees in a writing satisfactory to the Company and all Shareholders that such person shall vote for First Shareholder, Second Shareholder and Third Shareholder (or their nominees) as directors of the Company and shall be bound by all the terms and conditions of this Agreement.
4. Right of First Refusal
i. Any (A) shares of Common Stock or any other equity security of the Company which is convertible into Common Stock or any other equity security of the Company, (B) debt security of the Company which is convertible into Common Stock or any other equity security of the Company, or (C) option, warrant or other right to subscribe for, purchase or otherwise acquire any equity security or any such debt security of the Company (collectively, an "Equity Security") if the issuance of such Equity Security does not alter the respective proportions of ownership (on a fully diluted basis) by First Shareholder, Second Shareholder and Third Shareholder, as among themselves, of Equity Securities immediately prior to the issuance of such Equity Security;
ii. Common Stock issued as a stock dividend or upon any stock split or other subdivision or combination of the outstanding shares of Common Stock;
iii. Securities issued pursuant to the acquisition by the Company of another company to the stockholders of such other company by merger or purchase of substantially all of the assets whereby the Company owns not less than [%] of the voting power of such other company; and
5. Sale Or Redemption Upon Termination of Employment, Disability Or Death
Upon the termination of a Management Shareholder's employment or other relationship with the Company (including without limitation, any position as an officer, director, consultant, joint venturer, independent contractor, or promoter to or of the Company) for whatever reason, the Disability (as defined below) of a Management Shareholder, or the death of a Management or Non-management Shareholder (any such event hereinafter a "Triggering Event"), such Shareholder (or his heirs, executors, guardian or personal representative) within [NUMBER] days after the Triggering Event shall offer to sell all, but not less than all, of the Shares owned by the Shareholder. Each offer shall be made to the Company in writing and shall exist for a period of [NUMBER] days after such offer has been received by the Company. If the Company fails to purchase all of the Shares offered, the offer to sell shall be made in writing to all of the Continuing Shareholders in such proportion as the Continuing Shareholders may agree among themselves, or in the absence of agreement, pro rata in proportion to their then ownership of Shares of the Company (excluding the Offering Shareholder's (Shares), and shall exist for a period of [NUMBER] days after the offer has been received by all of the Continuing Shareholders. For purposes of this Agreement, "Disability" of a particular person means the inability, due to a physical or mental condition, of such person to maintain his employment or other relationship with the Company (including without limitation, fulfilling his duties in any position as an officer, director, consultant, joint venturer, independent contractor, or promoter to or of the Company) or to conduct his normal daily activities on behalf of the Company for any [NUMBER] consecutive month period.
6. Purchase Price
The purchase price for all Shares purchased pursuant to Paragraph 5 hereof shall be determined as follows:
7. Payment of Purchase Price
The purchase price for all Shares purchased pursuant to Paragraph 5 hereof shall be paid at the closing of the sale.
8. Put and Call Options
8.1. Put and Call Options
Each Shareholder shall have the right and option upon the written declaration (a "Declaration") by such Shareholder to the other Shareholders and the Company of the occurrence of an "impasse" (as defined below) to sell to the Continuing Shareholders all of his Shares, and the Continuing Shareholders shall have the obligation to either (i) purchase all of such Shares owned by the offering Shareholder in such proportion as the Continuing Shareholders may agree upon, and if they cannot so agree, pro rata in proportion to their then ownership of Shares of the Company (excluding the Offering Shareholder's Shares) or (ii) if the Continuing Shareholders are unable or unwilling to purchase all of the Shares owned by the Offering Shareholder, sell all of their Shares to the Offering Shareholder, and the Offering Shareholder shall have the obligation to buy such Shares.
An "impasse" shall be conclusively evidenced by (i) either First Shareholder, Second Shareholder or Third Shareholder or their respective representative, voting opposite the others at a vote at a shareholders meeting or at a vote at a meeting of the Board of Directors of the Company (or failing to attend such meetings upon due notice if such failure results in the lack of a quorum making such vote impossible), which vote is on a material issue, not in the ordinary course of business, and affecting the business, assets or operations of the Company, including, but not limited to, a proposal to merge, liquidate, consolidate or dissolve the Company, or to sell, lease or dispose of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company or to amend the substantive provisions of the Company's bylaws or articles of incorporation, or to issue or redeem stock, or to declare dividends of any kind, and (ii) either First Shareholder, Second Shareholder or Third Shareholder notifying the others and the Company and any other Shareholders within [NUMBER] days after such meeting, proposed meeting or vote than an "impasse" has occurred. The put and call rights granted to each Shareholder under this Paragraph 8 are independent of the other rights granted to the Shareholders and the Company under the other terms of this Agreement and such rights are not mutually exclusive or inconsistent.
8.3. Exercise of Option
The Continuing Shareholders shall exercise any option provided for in this Paragraph 8 within [NUMBER] days after receipt of a declaration. Any closing of the sale of Shares pursuant to such exercise shall occur within [NUMBER] days after receipt of a Declaration.
8.4. Purchase Price
Any purchase or sale of Shares sold pursuant to this Paragraph 8 shall be at the price as set forth in the Declaration delivered by the Shareholder exercising his right to sell his shares and shall be paid at the closing of the sale of the Shares.
9. Rights Upon Registration
In the event that the Company shall register or qualify any or all of the common stock of the Company under the [CODE OR LAW], as amended (or any similar statute then in force), on an appropriate registration statement, the Company shall give the Shareholders written notice thereof, and upon written request of a Shareholder, received by the Company not later than [NUMBER] days after receipt by the Shareholder of such notice, the Company will include in the registration statement filed by the Company with the Securities and Exchange Commission all Shares held by such Shareholder with respect to which the Shareholder shall have so requested registration.
10. Agreement Binding on All Persons Interested in Shares
Each person who now or hereafter acquires any legal or equitable interest in any Shares shall be bound by the terms of this Agreement. No issuance or transfer of Shares shall be effective and the Company shall not enter any issue or transfer upon the stock books of the Company or issue a certificate in the name of any person unless the Company is satisfied that such person is, and in a manner satisfactory to the Company has acknowledged being, bound by this Agreement.
Except as otherwise agreed to or expressly provided for herein, closing pursuant to the exercise of a right to purchase or sell Shares pursuant to this Agreement shall be held at the principal
executive offices of the Company.
12. Entry of Legend Upon Stock Certificates
The following legend shall be immediately entered on each stock certificate representing Shares owned by the Shareholders:
"The gift, sale, mortgage, pledge, hypothecation or other encumbering or transfer of the shares of the capital stock represented by this certificate is restricted in accordance with the terms and conditions of a Shareholders Agreement dated [DATE], a copy of which is on file at the principal executive offices of the Company. Said Shareholders Agreement restricts the ability of the Shareholder to sell, give, pledge, bequeath or otherwise transfer or dispose of this stock certificate and the shares of capital stock represented by it."
13. After Acquired Shares - Subsequent Shareholders
The terms and conditions of this Agreement shall specifically apply not only to Shares owned by Shareholders at the time of execution of this Agreement, but also to any Shares acquired by any Shareholder subsequent to such execution.
14. Board of Directors
At each election of the Board of Directors of the Company, the Shareholders shall vote their Shares to elect three directors of the Company, one director being First Shareholder, or his nominee, one director being Second Shareholder, or his nominee, and one director being Third Shareholder, or his nominee.
15. Community and Marital Property Laws
Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, the following terms shall control to the extent community property laws or other marital property laws apply to the Shares of any Shareholder:
15.1. Lifetime Transfers
The provisions of this Agreement regarding restrictions against the transfer of Shares shall apply to any interest of the spouse of any Shareholder in such Shares (said spouse is hereinafter referred to as a "Spouse").
15.2. Transfers Upon Death of Spouse
If the Spouse of a Shareholder predeceases such Shareholder and has failed to bequeath to such Shareholder the deceased Spouse's entire marital property interest, if any, in the Shares held by the Shareholder, or if the Spouse of a Shareholder is adjudicated to be bankrupt or insolvent, or makes an assignment for the benefit of his or her creditors (collectively referred to herein as an "Event"), then to the extent necessary to divest the Spouse of any interest in the Shares of such Stockholder, within three months after the date of the occurrence of the Event, the Shareholder shall have the option to and must purchase such marital property interest of his or her Spouse or the estate of the deceased Spouse, as the case may be, in the Shares held by the Shareholder at a price equal to the lesser of either the value of the spouse's marital property interest in such Shares or the book value of such Shares.
15.3. Marital Dissolution
Any decree of dissolution, separate maintenance agreement or other property settlement between a Shareholder and his or her Spouse shall provide that the entire marital property interest of the Spouse in the Shares of the Shareholder shall be granted to the Shareholder as part of the division of the property of the marriage and the Spouse shall release and the Shareholder shall accept any marital property interest of such Spouse in the Shares. If payment for such Shares is ordered by the Court or demanded by the Spouse, no consideration shall be required, but if the Shareholder volunteers consideration for said release of interest it shall be no greater than the lesser of either the value of the Spouse's marital property interest in such Shares or the book value of the Spouse's marital property interest in such Shares.
15.4. Inclusion of Marital Property
Any purchase of the Shares of a Shareholder pursuant to any provision of this Agreement shall include without limitation or condition the entire marital property interest of the Spouse of such Shareholder in the Shares being purchased.
15.5. Determination of Value
Book value and the value of a Spouse's interest in the Shares of a Shareholder for purposes of this Paragraph 15 shall be determined by the Shareholder. The Company and the other Shareholders shall not be responsible for the determination of the value of the marital property interest of any Spouse of a Shareholder, the determination of book value, or the purchase of or payment for such Spouse's marital property interest in the Shares of a Shareholder.
The Company may, if it so desires, purchase insurance policies on the life of any Management Shareholder for the purpose of payment for stock purchases or as key man insurance. If any Shareholder on whose life the Company owns an insurance policy shall at any time during his lifetime sell all of his Shares, then that Shareholder shall have the right to purchase from the Company the insurance policy or policies on his life at the cash surrender value, if any. The Company shall deliver the policy or policies on the life of such Shareholder upon payment of the cash surrender value, if any, end shall execute any necessary instruments of transfer and change of beneficiary forms.
17. Pro Rata Allocations
All items of income and loss of the Company shall be assigned pro rata to each day throughout the year. However, the Shareholders hereby consent to make an election pursuant to Section [NUMBER] of the [Code OR LAW] or Section [NUMBER] of the [Code OR LAW] in the event that the Board of Directors determines such elections to be in the best interest of a majority of the Shareholders.
18. Subchapter S Election
The Company may elect to be taxed as a small business corporation under Subchapter S of the Internal Revenue Code, as amended from time to time (the "code"), or such other provisions of law as may hereafter be applicable to such an election, and for state income tax purposes, if available (hereinafter, an "Election"). Each Shareholder and the Company agree to execute and file the necessary forms for making and maintaining en Election, and each Shareholder agrees to deliver to the Company the consent of the spouse of such Shareholder if such consent is required for the Election under any community or marital property laws or otherwise. The Shareholders and the Company agree that they will take such other actions as may be deemed necessary or advisable by counsel to the Company to exercise or maintain the Election. The Shareholders shall maintain the Election unless the Management Shareholders unanimously agree otherwise or in the event that the Board of Directors requests that the Shareholders revoke the Election, in which case the Shareholders shall promptly execute and deliver to the Company such documents as may be necessary to revoke the Election. None of the Shareholders, without the consent of all of the Management Shareholders, shall take any action or position, or make any transfer or other disposition of his shares of the Company which may result in the termination or revocation of the Election. In the event of an inadvertent termination of the Election as described in Section [NUMBER] of the [Code OR LAW] or other applicable law, the Shareholders shall agree to make such adjustments as may be required to continue the Election, as provided in Section [NUMBER] of the [Code OR LAW]
The Company is authorized to enter into this Agreement by virtue of a resolution of Board of Directors.
Notices and declarations under this Agreement shall be in writing and sent by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, postage paid, to the Company at its principal executive offices and to Shareholders at their last address as shown on the records of the Company or at such other address with respect to any party hereto as such party shall notify the other Shareholders and the Company in writing in the manner specified herein.
The rights and obligations of the Company and the Shareholders under this Agreement shall terminate upon written agreement of all then existing Shareholders or upon the registration or qualification of any or all of the Common stock of the Company pursuant to Paragraph 9 hereof.
The various provisions of this Agreement are severable from each other and from the other provisions of the Agreement, and in the event that any provision in this Agreement shall be held to be invalid or unenforceable by a court of competent jurisdiction, the remainder of this Agreement shall be fully effective, operative and enforceable.
23. Free end Clear of Encumbrances
All Shares sold pursuant to the terms of this Agreement shall be free of any and all liens and encumbrances and accompanied by stock powers duly endorsed in blank.
24. Binding Effect
This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective heirs, personal representatives, executors, administrators, successors and assigns.
25. Governing Law
This Agreement shall be construed and interpreted in accordance with the laws of the [State/Province] of [STATE/PROVINCE] without reference to conflict of laws principles except to the extent that the community or marital property laws of any state would otherwise be applicable to a particular situation, in which event, such community or marital property laws shall apply to the particular situation.
26. Entire Agreement
This instrument contains the entire agreement of the parties and may be changed only by an agreement in writing signed by the Company and all persons then owning Shares.
This Agreement may be executed in one or more counterparts each of which shall be deemed an original and all of which together shall be deemed to be one and the same instrument.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have duly executed this Agreement on the day and year set forth below.
COMPANY FIRST SHAREHOLDER
Authorized Signature Authorized Signature
Print Name and Title Print Name and Title
SECOND SHAREHOLDER THIRD SHAREHOLDER
Authorized Signature Authorized Signature
Print Name and Title Print Name and Title
Consent of Spouse
The undersigned being the spouses of Shareholders named in the foregoing Shareholders Agreement (the "Agreement"), hereby acknowledges that:
1. I have read the foregoing Agreement in its entirety and understand that:
2. I hereby approve and agree to be bound to all of the terms of the Agreement and agree that any interest (community property or otherwise) that I may have in the Company or any Shares of the Company shall be subject to the terms of this spousal consent and the Agreement.
3. I agree that my spouse may join in any future amendments or modifications to the Agreement without any notice to me and without any signature, acknowledgment, agreement or consent on my part.
4. I agree that I will transfer or bequeath any interest I may have in the Company or any Shares of the Company by my will, outright and free of trust to my spouse.
5. I acknowledge that I have been advised and have been encouraged to seek independent counsel of my own choosing to represent me in matters regarding the Shareholders Agreement and my execution of this spousal consent.
6. I hereby consent to the Company and my spouse making and maintaining the Subchapter S Election (if applicable) under the Internal Revenue Code, as amended from time to time.
Name – Spouse of First Shareholder Name – Spouse of Second Shareholder
Name – Spouse of Third Shareholder
A shareholders agreement explains how to proceed, in cases where the shareholders disagree. For example, a typical agreement defines who can be a shareholder and how much the shares of the stock are worth. Another item that a shareholders agreement addresses is what happens when a shareholder passes away, files bankruptcy, or resigns. This is why the document should state whether the company would need to buy the shares of the shareholder and the amount that the company will pay for them. This type of legal agreement is meant to supplement the charter documents of a business, since it offers a chance to go in-depth about the shares of the company. Additionally, this type of contract is private, unlike the charter documents, which is why many shareholders choose to use it to clarify their conditions regarding shares.
Since 2001, Biztree has helped over 12,000,000 entrepreneurs, business owners, executives and managers to start, run and grow their business more efficiently. Our Business-in-a-Box software gives you instant access to our entire collection of 1,900 business and legal document templates.
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domain: economics


A division of the Unique Maritime Group (UMG) which is one of the world’s leading integrated turnkey subsea and offshore solutions providers,Unique Seaflex is proud to have assisted world-renowned Belfast shipyard Harland and Wolff with the largest load test ever carried out with the use of their WaterLoad™ range of bags over the course of the final days of May 2014.
Building on 150 years of marine manufacturing experience, Harland and Wolff offers a unique combination of vast facilities and technical capability. From initial consultancy through detailed engineering, fabrication and through-life support, Harland and Wolff specialises in supporting the ever-growing needs of the maritime, offshore and renewable energy sectors.
Harland and Wolff’s massive Samson gantry crane lifted an incredible 774 tonne load to certify their latest spreader beam arrangement under the watchful eye of Lloyds Ireland.
Unique Seaflex’s Site Services Manager, Ben Board attended, to assist Harland and Wolff with ensuring the most efficient and effective use of these bags and load cells throughout the operation.
Construction Manager @ Harland and Wolff, Chris Matthews directed the entire operation and was delighted with the result. He said: “This is an important milestone in Harland and Wolff’s heavy lifting capability for offshore fabrication projects. The spreader beam combination is purpose designed for the lifting of jackets onto barges, but can be used in a variety of configurations for a range of heavy structures.”
Ben Board added: “We are delighted to have been selected by Harland and Wolff to execute this historic test. Following several weeks of discussions with the client to ensure a safe and well engineered solution, Unique Seaflex rented 24 WaterLoad™ bags of up to 50t capacity plus two 500t telemetric load cells to record the test. With the insight gained from this project, we are looking forward to repeat business with other clients as well.”
Available for either hire or sale worldwide via an ever-increasing global network of stockholding partners, the Unique Seaflex WaterLoad™ range is at the forefront of being able to demonstrate compliance to LEEA 051 guidelines for the use of such equipment – having proven itself capable of withstanding overloads many times in excess of its working load limits, with Type Test Certification and Product Design Assessment Certification from ABS by way of independent verification of the integrity of these designs. All of which results in market-leading peace of mind for customers who are conducting load tests on any scale up to and including this most recent record-setting test.
1. Total World Energy Magazine [June, 2014]
2. Oil & Gas News [June 9-15, 2014]
3. The Maritime Executive [June 03, 2014]
4. Marine Link [June 03, 2014]
5. Marine Technology News [June 5, 2014]
7. Flips Pops
9. Belfast Telegraph[23 MAY 2014]
14. Offshore Source
16. Your Industry News [03 June, 2014]
17. Your Oil & Gas News [Jun 03, 2014]
18. Your Subsea News [ Jun 03, 2014]
20. Marine News
21. Maasmond Shipping News Clippings
23. ECO World News Issue 17 (Newsletter)
24. Offshore Wind [23 May, 2014]
25. Press Grab [03 June, 2014]
26. Heavy Lift News


text:
Coconut trees are known as the ‘Tree of Life’ and for very good reason. More than 100 products can be made from the coconut tree so it’s little wonder that it’s part of everyday life for billions of people globally. More recently coconuts have been recognised as a “Super food” simply defined as being a nutrient dense food. Botanically speaking, the coconut fruit is a drupe, consisting of pericarp and mesocarp (husk), endocarp (shell) and testa enveloping the mature endosperm (kernel) which has a central cavity (vacuole) containing liquid endosperm (enriched water).
Coconuts are known for their versatility ranging from food to cosmetics. They form a regular part of the diets for many people in the tropics and subtropics. Coconuts are distinct from other fruits for their endosperm containing a large quantity of water (also called “milk”) and when immature, may be harvested for the potable coconut water. When mature, they can be used as seed nuts or processed for oil, charcoal (activated carbon) from the hard shell, and coir from the fibrous husk. When dried, the coconut flesh is called copra. The oil and milk derived from it are commonly used in cooking and frying, as well as in soaps and cosmetics. The husks and leaves can be used as material to make a variety of products for furnishing and decorating.

domain: food


text:
Ethical doctors across the country strive to help frontline workers answer important questions if the COVID-19 pandemic were to overwhelm hospitals as it did in northern Italy and New York .
“These are not decisions we want to make,” said Dr. Timothy Christie, who convenes an ethics committee to advise on pandemic response policy in New Brunswick.
“The planning that people are doing right now, they are doing their best so that we don’t end up there. “
On Wednesday, Dr. Theresa Tam, Chief Public Health Officer, warned that the Canadian health care system could be flooded in each of the pandemic scenarios in Ottawa. The system is not designed to deal with an outbreak of COVID-19, which could mean dealing with difficult decisions about how to allocate scarce resources, she said.
Since the new coronavirus was first confirmed in Canada, officials from several provinces have developed guides so that doctors do not feel alone in their life and death decisions.
British Columbia’s ethical framework builds on work undertaken during the H1N1 flu epidemic and the Ebola crisis. It addresses specific ethical issues on everything from the distribution of personal protective equipment and ventilators to “making decisions about who will receive rare treatment if this happens,” said Dr. Bonnie Henry last week. , the provincial health worker.
“No doctor or clinician should make this decision alone. “
Officials in Ontario have announced the formation of an “ethics table” chaired by the Joint Center for Bioethics at the University of Toronto.
Alberta is also working on a framework.
“The goal will be to make sure as many patients as possible get the care they need,” said Alberta Health spokesperson Tom McMillan in an email.
In New Brunswick, clinicians will be given a principle to help them make decisions based on their expertise.
Christie’s committee recommends a fundamental change to the underlying principle that doctors use to make treatment decisions if there are not enough hospital beds and ventilators.
“In cases where resources are limited, we would allocate resources to the people for whom we believe to have the best results,” said Christie, who is also regional director of ethics services for Horizon Health Network, the health authority English speaker of the province.
“It is fundamentally different from how we would do it under normal circumstances. “
Under normal circumstances, Christie said that doctors ask patients what their goals are. A terminally ill cancer patient may wish to spend a final Christmas with their family, and treatment plans can be adjusted to help achieve this goal.
COVID-19 could create a scenario where using a fan to keep someone alive for a few more months is at the expense of another person’s life, he said.
The challenge is to determine how you define the results when comparing patients.
“There is a lot of debate about how you define the best outcome. Some people would say that is the amount of life you could live, “said Christie. In other words, choose to save the younger of two patients.
“We reject this approach,” said Christie.
A 20-year-old man and a 55-year-old man both have a “significant” amount of life, so the difference between them is not morally relevant, he said.
Age is not the only factor discussed by the New Brunswick committee, as it considers how to avoid discriminating against someone who develops COVID-19 after all the fans are already in use.
Rather than stocking ventilators for future cases, Christie said they recommend that a new patient be assessed against those already ventilated. If the new patient has a good chance of surviving, doctors could ethically end the treatment of another unresponsive patient, he said.
But an ethical framework will not help doctors who have to choose between two patients with almost identical results.
“In this circumstance, you have an arbitrary decision. It’s going to be tragic, it’s going to be heartbreaking and it’s going to be arbitrary – and there is no ethical principle that can suddenly improve it, “said Christie. “It is no one’s fault. “
Amy Smart, the Canadian press

domain: news


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The Joint Implementation Committee overseeing the EU-Liberia Voluntary Partnership Agreement (VPA) on forest law enforcement, governance and trade has met for the first time since Liberia’s new government — including new Forestry Development Authority (FDA) Managing Director C. Mike Doryen — took office earlier this year.
The FLEGT Independent Market Monitor (IMM) has published the first edition of its quarterly newsletter, featuring updates on the IMM project, market and policy news, and interviews with key FLEGT actors.
Indonesia was not the only one to celebrate its FLEGT licensing launch last year. Other tropical timber exporters engaged in the FLEGT VPA process en route to licensing welcomed the news too. They see Indonesia’s success not just as inspirational, but providing lessons from which they can learn. Mike Jeffree reports
FLEGT VPAs are not just about delivering legal timber to the EU, but ensuring greater stakeholder participation in timber sector decision-making in supplier countries to the benefit of ordinary people. Mike Jeffree reports on progress in Ghana, Guyana, Honduras, Indonesia, Liberia and Vietnam.
When civil society organisations in Indonesia began proposing ways to end illegal logging, they knew they had a mountain to climb. In 2002, some 80 percent of logging there was illegally. Corruption and conflict were widespread. Trust was lacking.
After playing a key role in implementing their country’s FLEGT Voluntary Partnership Agreement with the EU, Indonesian civil society groups are sharing experiences with counterparts in other countries engaged in the initiative.
Latest evidence shows EUTR Competent Authorities increasingly strengthening enforcement capacity EU-wide, creating a more effective barrier to illegal wood and helping prepare the ground for successful impact of FLEGT-licensed timber. Mike Jeffree reports
The launch of Indonesian FLEGT licensing may not be a ‘magic bullet’ against illegal timber, but deserves recognition as a key step in the right direction, say participants in the initiative. Mike Jeffree reports


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KNORR INTERNATIONAL HONG KONG MANCHOW NOODLE SOUP 46 GM
Lavish amounts of soya sauce, garlic, chillies and corriander make this clear soup decidedly delectable. Made in restaurants and road side food carts this soup is now easier than ever to make at home.This vegetable manchow soup is packed with zest and nutrition.
Corn flour, Noodles (21.9%) [Refined wheat flour, Edible vegetable oil, Wheat gluten, Acidity regulator -451(i), Thickener-412, Softening agent-500(ii)], Sugar, Salt, Dehydrated vegetables (4%) [Dehydrated cabbage (2%), Dehydrated carrot (1.6%), Dehydrated leeks (0.4%)], Dried glucose syrup, Edible vegetable fat, Thickener ? 415 & 412, Yeast extract powder, Soya sauce powder, Hydrolysed vegetable protein (1%), Acidity regulator ? 330, Flavour enhancer 627 & 631, Spices & Condiments, Green chilli powder. May contain traces of Milk and Nuts.
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Players resume their turns by throwing the marker on the last field played. The winner is the primary player to throw the marker house (#9), and easily full the entire course. This indoor game is ideal for bigger groups — a sleepover favourite. Give every group a bag crammed with props, such as a spoon, toy jewellery, a sock, ball or ribbon. Then give them 15 minutes to construct a skit around the props.
The subsequent two bins will be placed aspect-by-facet, followed by a single field , two extra boxes and the final half-circle “house” base . Next, select a marker, similar to a coin, stone or beanbag. The first player will throw the marker into square 1 with out letting it bounce or touch the lines.
Playing Dress Up
- JumpStart.com is all about adventure-primarily based learning, which is why it has plenty of instructional games for kids.
- Parents can even select from toddler games, preschool games and grade-based games and activities that may educate as well as entertain the youthful youngsters.
- From games on basic math, spelling, studying and quizzes to racing games and arcade games, there are options for kids of all ages.
For a complete list of the most effective of household indoor games from Nursery Rhyme Games and Candy Land to Clue, try our handy listing of high 20 family games. Card games are great for challenging younger minds and creating hours of indoor fun. Grab a field of playing cards and check out our favourite traditional card games. Here are 20 indoor games that may keep kids (and also you) joyful and lively—no TV or video games required. The goal of Air Ball is to maintain a seashore ball within the air and never let it contact the water.
If successful, the player will then hop — one foot on single squares and two toes on facet-by-side squares — avoiding sq. #1. The player could rest on “house” before hopping back. When the participant is unsuccessful, the next player takes a turn.
This game is a lot enjoyable that it doesn’t should be competitive. If the children want, although, they will all vote on a winning skit.

domain: hobby


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Dinosaur encyclopedia pop up book
Encyclopedia Prehistorica Dinosaurs: The Definitive Pop-Up | James Patterson KidsThis book is awesome! I got this as a gift to give to my neice, and I want to get one just for my house. Its really neat. Its wide because its a pop out book, but has few pages. Lots of information, and lots of pop outs.. My 3 year old grandson is dinosaur crazy. He loves the book and was fascinated with pop up dinosaurs.
3D Pop-Up Encyclopedia Prehistorica: Sharks and Other Sea Monsters Book by Matthew Reinhart Review
Encyclopedia Prehistorica Dinosaurs Pop-Up
Learn about new offers and get more deals by joining our newsletter. Enlarge cover. Peppa Pig. No dust jacket, as issued.The artist and writer have also produced pop-out books on other themes. He was so excited ecnyclopedia though he was going on his first exploration trip. He is also the illustrator of Chanukah Lights by Michael J. Open Preview See a Problem.
Welcome back! Are you a frequent reader or book collector. Robert Sabuda is readily acknowledged as the king of pop-ups, but Sabuda and Matthew Reinhart together have outdone themselves. Peep Inside the Zoo!
Goodreads helps you keep track of books you want to read. Want to Read saving…. Want to Read Currently Reading Read. Other editions. Enlarge cover.
Add to basket. Katie Daynes. Textbooks may not include supplemental items i! Sign In Register Help Cart.
Libraries and stores should reserve space for this book. Giles Andreae. With a turn of the page, the dinosaurs rise up from their paper landscapes? All pop-ups are present, intact and in working condition.


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If you’re anything like me, you probably need a morning brew of coffee to feel human. But what about when you’re expecting a baby? Can you still drink coffee when you’re pregnant? Or does pregnancy mean saying goodbye to your beloved caffeine fix for a whole 9 months?
If you're a pregnant coffee lover and you're starting to panic about the prospect of no coffee over the next few months, I may be have some good news for you...
Do I need to cut coffee/caffeine out completely now I'm pregnant?
The short answer is...no! You'll be pleased to hear that you do not have to cut coffee out of your diet completely just because you're expecting a baby.
Having said that, it is important to be aware that caffeine isn’t just found in coffee. It’s also found in energy/fizzy drinks, chocolate and tea. So when it comes to caffeine and pregnancy, it’s important to consider your diet as a whole, not just how much coffee you drink.
How much coffee can I drink in pregnancy?
NHS England and the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) recommend that pregnant peeps should aim for less than 200mg of caffeine per day.
But what does 200mg of caffeine actually look like?
Well, there is:
100mg in a mug of instant coffee
140mg in a mug of filter coffee
75mg in a mug of tea (green tea can have the same amount of caffeine as regular tea)
40mg in a can of cola
80mg in a 250ml can of energy drink
less than 25mg in a 50g bar of plain dark chocolate
less than 10mg in a 50g bar of plain milk chocolate
So, in terms of coffee, you would be well within the recommended limit if you drank two cups per day. So there's no need to say goodbye to your morning brew after all- woohoo!
If you're an avid coffee lover and want to check what your daily caffeine intake actually is, Tommys have a free caffeine calculate you can use. This will give you a really good idea about what your overall caffeine levels are like compared to the NHS guidelines.
If you want a nosey at what other food and drinks to be mindful of in pregnancy, the NHS have the most up to date guidance on foods to avoid.
How can caffeine affect pregnancy?
There are some studies that suggest high caffeine intake has potential associations with some pregnancy complications.
It’s important to know that the evidence around this is really limited and often conflicting, so guidelines on caffeine consumption in pregnancy tend to air on the side of caution.
One study from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) in 2021 found that consuming a low amount of caffeine during pregnancy could actually help to reduce gestational diabetes risk.
The published findings say
“We now know that low-to-moderate caffeine is not associated with an increased risk of gestational diabetes, preeclampsia or Hypertension for expectant mother […] our findings may provide some reassurance to women who are already consuming low to moderate levels of caffeine that such consumption likely will not increase their maternal health risk.”
Good news if you're already a pregnant coffee lover!
Side note - it’s important to say that this study from 2021 isn’t advising you to start drinking coffee in pregnancy if you don’t already do so.
Alternatives to caffeinated drinks
If you want to reduce your caffeine intake or cut it out altogether during pregnancy, there are some great options to try instead of reaching for a cup of coffee.
You could try:
· Herbal tea: Herbal teas are usually low in caffeine or caffeine free but just make sure to check the label first. Hottea Mama have some amazing herbal teas to support you during pregnancy and beyond so do check them out.
· Decaffeinated coffee: Decaf is a great alternative to regular coffee.
· Hot water and lemon: Hot water and lemon is a lovely refreshing option. Add a teaspoon of honey or some fresh ginger if you like!
Ask an expert
If you find yourself struggling with reducing your caffeine intake during pregnancy, have a chat with your GP or midwife and they should be able to offer you further support. Some people find gently weaning themselves off caffeine is a better approach to going cold turkey.
The bottom line when it comes to coffee and pregnancy
The good news is that there’s no need to give up coffee during pregnancy, so rest assured that you can still enjoy your beloved morning ritual. Whether it's piping hot or chilled over ice, it's reassuring to know that you can still enjoy your favourite drink whilst looking after your lovely bump.
Like most things in life, moderation is really the key here when it comes to caffeine.
If you're looking for more tips and advice on navigating pregnancy, birth and motherhood, check out my other blog posts!
If we're not already IG buddies, do come & say hello @bloomingbirthshypnobirthing.
Blooming Births Hypnobirthing


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A legal expert is urging same-sex Caymanian couples who want to get married to put the local legislation to the test as he believes there is no lawful prohibition to same-sex marriages in either the Constitution or the Marriage Law. Dr Leo Raznovich, a former Truman Bodden Law School professor, said members of the LGBT community in Cayman should stand up for their rights and test the legislation because the language of the law doesn’t really ban gay marriage. He is also offering to help couples who are willing to give it a try. His suggestion comes in the wake of a landmark ruling in Bermuda that has paved the way for same-sex marriage there.
May 9 / Cayman News Service

domain: sociology


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I still remember roaming around a friends farm with Brittany when we were in college and photographing her. I was just starting to take notice of this little hobby of mine and I’m so thankful that Brittany let me practice with her! We met our freshmen year of college, joined the same sorority and even worked together for a few months out of college, goodness, that seems like so long ago!
It’s always such an honor to document such a special time in our friends lives, when Brittany contacted me after Chris proposed I was so excited about the opportunity of working together. Chris is kind and funny and I couldn’t help but notice how these two laugh together. Brittany and Chris thank you so much for taking the time to roam around a local park with me, I can’t wait for your wedding!
Join us on Instagram where we share our most recent work

domain: artistic


During the recent World Forestry Congress, Ugandan civil society observer to the Forest Investment Program (FIP) of the Climate Investment Funds (CIF) and Executive Director of Support for Women in Agriculture and Environment (SWAGEN), Gertrude Kenyangi Kabusimbi was conferred with the 2015 Wangari Maathai Forest Champions Award.
The award, inaugurated in 2012 by the Collaborative Partnership on Forests (CPF), recognizes outstanding efforts to improve and sustain forests. It is named in honor of the first African woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize, Kenyan environmentalist, Wangari Maathai.
Kabusimbi has dedicated more than two decades of her career to safeguarding tropical forests in the Mbarara and Ntungamo districts of Uganda. Working with SWAGEN, she has overseen the planting of more than one million trees in the Rwoho Natural Forest buffer zone leading to significant climate, social and economic benefits.
In the context of the CIF, civil society observers are vital to supporting the transparency and accountability of decision making as well as action on the ground. Having been an observer since 2012, Kabusimbi has been a strong advocate for targeted forest action at the grassroots level and the sustainable management of natural resources.
Speaking in support of Ms. Kabusimbi, Mafalda Duarte, Manager of the Climate Investment Funds stated: “Gertrude’s recognition with such a prestigious award is a testament to her wonderful work with sustainable forestry, not least in her role as an observer to the FIP where she has helped ensure even greater country ownership for those countries working with the FIP.”
Looking ahead, Kabusimbi intends to replicate and scale up the grassroots approaches with which she is familiar in an effort to influence global policy.
The CPF is an informal, voluntary arrangement among 15 international organizations, including the World Bank Group, seeking to promote sustainable management of all types of forests and to strengthen long-term-political commitment to this end.
Global competition for natural resources is intense and the supply of those resources is increasingly more constrained by climate variability and change. Governments and international development agencies have the dual responsibility to meet the socio-economic needs of the poorest and most vulnerable people while preserving and enhancing their natural capital. These responsibilities often are at odds with each other and different stakeholder groups have prioritised one over the other. This paper suggests that the landscape approach provides a solution for stakeholders to achieve climate change mitigation, adaptation, and poverty reduction goals, though not without some trade-offs.
"The landscape approach looks across wider, connected geographic areas to understand natural resource conditions and trends natural and human influences, and opportunities for resource conservation, restoration and development. It seeks to identify important ecological values and patterns of environmental change that may not be evident when managing smaller, local land areas" (Managing rural landscapes in the context of a changing climate, Kutter & Westby, 2014)
One-quarter of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions come from the agriculture, forest and other land use sector (AFOLU)1 . So if we are going to turn down the heat, we need to bring down emissions from these sources.
One of the ways to ensure that reducing forest-based GHG emissions also generates development and biodiversity co-benefits is through capacity building. The Forest Investment Program (FIP) actively contributes to developing countries’ abilities to fully implement actions to reduce their emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (REDD+) in a sustainable and fair manner through principles such as country ownership and coordination with other REDD+ mechanisms.
What is capacity building and why does it matter?
Capacity boils down to whether a country has the necessary financial, human, technological, legal and institutional resources to perform a function2 . This matters because implementing mitigation actions in the forest sector - including reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation - depends on the three Cs – circumstances, capacities, and capabilities, of each developing country3. Capacity building is also a key component of REDD+ readiness, or the process for putting in place the preconditions necessary to enable countries to implement REDD+4.
This is where the FIP comes in. It is an instrument designed to implement the national policies seeking to reduce emissions through deforestation and forest degradation - which includes capacity building. In fact, roughly 50% of FIP financing goes to capacity building, institutional strengthening and governance reform.
The FIP and capacity building
One powerful illustration of this come from the WFC’s host region of Africa. A key objective of Burkina Faso’s FIP investment plan is reducing deforestation through improved governance, local socio-economic development, and sustainable management of forest resources and wooded areas. Here, the FIP is investing USD 12 million to increase carbon sequestration capacity in gazetted forests while reducing poverty in rural areas, by developing a monitoring, reporting and verifying (MRV) system for REDD+, improving REDD+ forest governance, and establishing socio-economic support infrastructure for neighboring municipal councils5.
A Water and Forestry ranger surveys a field where trees have been illegally cut down within the Tiogo Forest, Burkina Faso on May 25, 2014.
In fact, capacity building is at the very core of all aspects of the FIP’s activities and has been in its DNA since the start:
1. Country ownership
FIP investment plans should be entirely owned by the country being financed. And without the ability to lead, manage and carry out an investment plan, countries will not be able to take ownership of their REDD+ process.
The FIP puts strong emphasis on creating explicit and concrete arrangements for country level management of investment plans through central coordination units or within sector ministries. These initiatives have helped in the establishment of national REDD+ mechanisms led by the government and include representatives from public sector agencies, civil society, private sector as well as multilateral and bilateral agencies, with a mandate to advise and provide oversight on REDD+ policies and initiatives6. For instance, all national REDD+ activities in Mexico are coordinated by the National Forestry Commission (CONAFOR)
Dedicated Global Mechanism Global Steering Committee Meeting, Indonesia, July 25-27, 2015
2. Collaboration with other REDD+ partners:
Several multilateral programs assist developing countries in achieving REDD+ readiness, particularly the World Bank’s Forest Carbon Partnership Facility's (FCPF) Readiness Fund and the UN-REDD Programme. Coordination with such REDD+ partners helps ensure strong capacity for REDD+ readiness in FIP activities. In the Burkina Faso example above, the investment plan preparation grant was used to facilitate and finance the formulation of the readiness preparation proposal for the FCPF Readiness Fund. The single coordinated REDD+ strategy that resulted is now able to benefit from multiple sources of finance and has created a strong overarching capacity to govern REDD+ in-country7.
Xavier Mugumya of Uganda’s Water and Environment Department, highlighted the importance of this coherence: “The procedures and processes with FIP are very similar to the other programs we’re involved in such as the Forest Carbon Partnership Facility, the Global Environment Facility and UN REDD. It’s important for the countries that we can report in similar manners to all the initiatives – and it means the initiatives are coordinated to help tackle our country’s challenges.”
Why does this matter?
The FIP seeks to pilot actions that go beyond business-as-usual to reduce a country’s emissions from deforestation and forest degradation, which can be reproduced again and can be scaled up. To be able to do so the human, institutional and technological capabilities must be present.
Through country ownership and collaboration with other REDD+ partners, the FIP is ensuring that country capacity is built in order to implement activities which both reduce country emissions from deforestation and forest degradation and generate benefits to society at large in the long term. It’s a twin ambition we need to deliver on if we’re going to tackle climate change and reduce poverty.
1/ Smith P., M. Bustamante, H. Ahammad, H. Clark, H. Dong, E.A. Elsiddig, H. Haberl, R. Harper, J. House, M. Jafari, O. Masera, C. Mbow, N.H. Ravindranath, C.W. Rice, C. Robledo Abad, A. Romanovskaya, F. Sperling, and F. Tubiello, 2014: Agricul- ture, Forestry and Other Land Use (AFOLU). In: Climate Change 2014: Mitigation of Climate Change. Contribution of Working Group III to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Edenhofer, O., R. Pichs-Madruga, Y. Sokona, E. Farahani, S. Kadner, K. Seyboth, A. Adler, I. Baum, S. Brunner, P. Eickemeier, B. Kriemann, J. Savolainen, S. Schlömer, C. von Stechow, T. Zwickel and J.C. Minx (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA.
2/ Crystal Davis, Lauren Williams, Sarah Lupberger, and Florence Daviet. 2013. Assessing Forest Governance: The Governance of Forest Initiative Indicator Framework. Washington: WRI. .
3/ See paragraphs 70-74 of I/CP.16, Report of the Conference of the Parties on its sixteenth session, held in Cancun from 29 November to 10 December 2010.
4/ Climate Focus, 2014. Linkages between REDD readiness and the FIP.
5/ For more information on either project, please see the Burkina Faso Investment Plan here.
6/ CTF-SCF/TFC.8/5, Enhancing Country Coordination Mechanisms
7/ Climate Focus, 2014. Linkages between REDD readiness and the FIP.
The Forest Investment Program (FIP) approved on Thursday, April 16 in Washington, DC $101,000 for Burkina Faso to ramp up its monitoring and reporting on its Gazetted Forests Participatory Management Project for REDD+ , and Decentralized Forest and Woodland Management Project. As the leading implementation support to the country for its FIP program, the African Development Bank (AfDB) is working with the country to ensure that an effective and adequately funded plan is in place for monitoring the projects’ outcomes.
The US$17 million Forest Investment Program (FIP) funded by the Asian Development Bank (ADB) to help tackle deforestation and forest degradation in Indonesia is set to start in July, an official has said. “The FIP is funded by a $17 million grant from the Climate Investment Fund channeled through the ADB to support the Indonesian government to implement the Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+) targets in West Kalimantan,” said ADB principal climate change specialist Ancha Srinivasan, who is also the FIP’s focal point.
Forest-dependent communities are among the most marginalized in the world. Deforestation has an impact on both their surroundings and their livelihoods.
The new Dedicated Grant Mechanism (DGM), designed by and for those communities and financed by the Forest Investment Program, puts Indigenous Peoples and local communities in charge of design and funding decisions for projects that fight forest loss.
The first DGM project is in Brazil, where $6.5 million was approved to help finance agroforestry initiatives based on native and adapted fruits in the Cerrado region.
An innovative new grant program for fighting forest loss is putting project design and funding decisions in the hands of indigenous peoples and local communities and giving them the power to set priorities and implement programs aimed at conserving their natural environment.
Several members of forest communities say they see it as a unifying platform they can use to make their voices heard and to tackle forest loss and climate change on their own terms.
The program, called the Dedicated Grant Mechanism (DGM), is financed by the Climate Investment Funds as a special initiative of the Forest Investment Program and was recently approved by the World Bank Board of Directors. It will be implemented at both global and national levels in countries implementing the Forest Investment Program.
“We have never had this kind of program before … we have the ownership of this program,” said Mina Setra, from Aliansi Masyarakat Adat Nusantara (AMAN), one of the largest organizations of Indigenous Peoples in Indonesia, who represents the Kalimantan region of Indonesia on the DGM national steering committee. “I think this is a good opportunity for Indigenous Peoples to exercise our capacities in managing programs and also funding. That is what is unique about the dedicated grant mechanism.”
Designed by and for Indigenous Peoples and local communities
Forests play an important role in our world. They help combat climate change by absorbing about 15 percent of the planet’s greenhouse gas emissions and also provide economic, social and environmental services – from creating jobs to providing housing and food to protecting the watershed. An estimated 1.3 billion people, or nearly 20 percent of the world’s population, rely on forests and forest products for their livelihoods.
But forest-dependent communities are among the most marginalized in the world, with the majority living on less than $1.25 per day. And deforestation not only damages their surroundings, but it also adds to the carbon footprint.
World Bank Group Vice President and Special Envoy for Climate Change Rachel Kyte welcomed the Board’s approval of the new program. “This global mechanism fully recognizes the vital role communities play in the stewardship of forests and is the first to ensure that indigenous people and forest dependent communities will design, implement and govern the program according to their own priorities,” Kyte said.
Designed by and for Indigenous Peoples and local communities, the DGM has two components: country-specific projects and a global learning and exchange project that links all the country projects and serves as a global outreach platform.
Funding agroforestry in the Cerrado
So far, funding has been approved for the global learning project (nearly $5 million) and for the first of the country series in Brazil, where $6.5 million was approved for a project in the Cerrado region, a massive expanse of wooded grasslands that makes up more than 20 percent of Brazil. That money will be used in part to help finance agroforestry initiatives based on native and adapted fruits, to help pay for processing units for agriculture and non-timber forest products and also to help with production and commercialization of handicrafts.
Two Quilombola women participate in the first consultations for the Cerrado project.
"We understand the importance this will have for our projects. Not only for our projects but also for conservation and our fight to keep the Cerrado standing."
The country programs like Brazil’s will also enhance leadership and negotiation skills to give indigenous people and local community members an opportunity to actively participate in initiatives related to natural resource-based mitigation and climate change adaptation.
“This project is very important for supporting the indigenous communities here in the Cerrado,” said, Deborah Wetzel, World Bank Country Director for Brazil. “The proposed project will provide the tools to access resources that will help communities manage the environmental and social impacts of their activities.”
Januario Tseredzaro, a member of the Xavante people who lives in the Cerrado, agrees. He says the new Dedicated Grant Mechanism will help Indigenous Peoples as they seek to halt deforestation.
“We understand the importance this will have for our projects. Not only for our projects but also for conservation and our fight to keep the Cerrado standing,” Tseredzaro said. “I hope that its success will expand the program to other biomes of Brazil.”
On a global level, the Global Learning and Knowledge Exchange Project, to be implemented by Conservation International USA, will help train representatives from indigenous groups and local communities to take part in climate negotiations and to ensure their views are represented. The country programs expand on that training but also include more country-specific initiatives.
More countries will soon be proposing their own projects under the Dedicated Grant Mechanism. The Democratic Republic of Congo, Burkina Faso and Peru are in the process of setting up the institutional arrangements for the program in their countries and will be operational later this year.
Originally published at the World Babk website here Photos by Mariana Kaipper Ceratti/World Bank
As a follow-up to the workshop on forest accounting in May 2014, organized by the Wealth Accounting and Valuation of Ecosystem Services Partnership (WAVES) in Washington, DC, work will begin in Ghana and Mexico to explore the potential for forest accounts.
To see a slideshow of images from Burkina Faso's Tiogo forest,click here.
TIOGO, Burkina Faso (Thomson Reuters Foundation) – While visiting a portion of the Tiogo forest in the center west of Burkina Faso recently, Louis Ouédraogo couldn’t hide his wrath. Someone had entered the forest and cut down about two hectares worth of trees to plant millet as the rainy season approached.
“This person should have gone straight to jail had he been caught,” said Ouédraogo, the regional director for the Centre West of Burkina Faso for the Ministry of Environment and Sustainable Development. He urged members of the local Union of Land Use Groups to find the culprit and bring him to the police.
Protecting forests in Burkina Faso, as in much of the Sahel, is a continuing challenge. Population growth, expansion of farms and grazing and cutting of wood for cooking and charcoal production have all led to loss of trees or the degradation of forests.
Keeping people out of the forests isn’t an option, as many of the country’s families, who live at or below the poverty line, depend on charcoal making and selling forest products like shea butter and medicinal plants for over a quarter of their income, particularly at times when drought cuts income from farming or livestock.
“It is immoral to keep the forests untapped while populations living around them suffer from poverty, so there is a need to find a compromise that will ensure the protection of the forests resources and their regeneration, while reducing poverty through use of forest products,” said Mathurin Zida, regional coordinator for West Africa of the Center for International Forestry Research.
Such a compromise is being developed and strengthened with the help of funds from the Forest Investment Program of the Climate Investment Funds. Under the programme, Burkina Faso will tap $30 million in grants, and is expected to leverage at least an additional $13 million in resources from the government and other donor governments, to improve the governance of the country’s forests and limit forest loss and degradation in both state-owned and community-owned forests.
According to Urbain Belemsobgo, secretary general of the Ministry of Environment and Sustainable Development and the government official leading the Forest Investment Program effort in Burkina Faso, the investment will strengthen government’s efforts to fight deforestation and reduce poverty through participative management of land.
“The program comes to consolidate an approach that has been adopted in the 80s, so that any decision is made in a transparent, participative and operational way for a better governance of resources,” Belemsobgo said.
NO NEED FOR FENCES
Ouédraogo said such a participative approach is culturally necessary “so as to include all populations groups” and make sure communities back the effort. With such full participation, “we do not need fences or guards around the forests to prevent (their) exploitation,” he said.
Burkina Faso’s government in 1993 introduced participative management of protected forests and signed contracts with people living around them. The aim of the new approach was to improve agricultural, forest and pasture resources, help the forests regenerate and reduce poverty, Ouédraogo said.
Adama Bako, president of the Union of Forest Management Groups in the Centre West of Burkina Faso, said the new agreement made big changes.
“Until then we were cutting trees haphazardly, as we wanted, and we had regular problems with the Ministry of Environment’s forest guards,” he said. “But now we know what to cut and we deal with trespassers ourselves.”
Seventeen such unions are now scattered across the country, representing 400 groups who use but also keep an eye on some 600,000 hectares (1.5 million acres) of land that the government is co-managing with local populations.
An economic evaluation conducted in 2009 by the Ministry of Agriculture, Water and Fisheries showed that investment in sustainable use of forests could lead to an increase in revenue for farmers ranging from 25 to 40 percent.
But growing pressures on Burkina Faso’s resources, including its forests, now threatens the balance that has protected the forests and the livelihoods of those who have long depended on them.
Back in the 1990s, families could make 100,000 to 130,000 CFA ($200 to $260) a week cutting wood “but now we earn far less” as a result of loss and degradation of forests, said Bako, of the Union of Forest Management Groups.
LACK OF MONITORING
One problem is that Burkina Faso has just one forest monitor for every 10,000 to 15,000 hectares of forest, officials say. Another is the country’s rapid 3.1 percent rate of population growth, which puts added pressure each year on its resources.
At the national level, income from forests is a crucial contributor to public revenue. Fees, taxes, and permits paid for the use of timber and other wood products contributes 5.6 percent of GDP, and forest products support a growing number of small and medium-sized businesses.
The International Union for Nature Conservation (IUCN) describes as “extremely high” the rate of forest deforestation in Burkina Faso’s Centre West region between 1992 and 2009. About 40 percent of that loss was to expansion of farming, the organisation says.
Despite national campaigns for reforestation and against bushfires, growing pressures on land have led to forest declines of about 4 percent a year between 1992 and 2002, according to the Ministry of Environment and Sustainable Development. About 50,000 hectares (123,000 acres) of forest disappear each year to meet demand for wood energy, the ministry said.
According to Belemsobgo, Burkina Faso was due to by now have protected 30 percent of its forests, but has so far protected only 13 to 14 percent. To counter continuing losses, the ministry hopes to put more forest in the hands of communities that live near them, in hopes they can more effectively protect them.
“We are going to increase the protected forests by going after ll small forests disseminated all over the country, including privately owned forests,” Belemsobgo said.
NEW SOURCES OF INCOME
Using Forest Investment Program (FIP) funds, the country hopes to shift communities away from traditional forest exploitation – such as wood cutting for charcoal – and toward things like growing crops amid trees and running nurseries. Another aim is to sequester carbon and perhaps access income from carbon markets, and to promote use of good management techniques, such as rotating forest grazing areas.
“At the end, the FIP will contribute to a better management of forests in Burkina Faso and support all efforts to face climate change in the forestry sector,” Belemsobgo predicted.
To protect the Tiago forest, for instance, which exists around the villages of Kion, Tenado and Dassa, some of the project funds will go to improve a bridge linking two parts of the forest.
Right now, that bridge over the River Mouhoun is impassible in the rainy season – one reason the farmers who cut two acres of trees in the forest to plant millet may have thought they could get away with it, said Ouédraogo, who ordered the destruction of the millet field.
Eight people were later arrested in conjunction with the illegal forest cutting to plant millet, and fined $100 each, Ouédraogo said.
During consultations before the start of FIP activities in Burkina Faso, the River Mouhoun bridge was raised as a priority item to protect the Tiogo forest, one of six protected reserves around the country, he said.
About a quarter of the forest’s 30,000 hectares (74,000 acres) have already been damaged as a result of incursions by farmers, overgrazing and bushfires, he said.
The effort to better protect Burkina Faso’s forests also hopes to set in place a foundation to establish REDD+ - an international effort to reduce emissions from deforestation and forest degradation – in the country.
According to the implementation plan for Burkina’s FIP grant, the forest protection project could reduce carbon dioxide emissions linked to deforestation and land degradation in Burkina Faso by around 30 to 70 million tons over a period of 10 years.
Eight pilot countries were selected for the Forest Investment Program, including three in Africa: Burkina Faso, Ghana and the Democratic Republic of Congo. Each was chosen for its potential to significantly reduce emissions from deforestation; to conserve, manage or enhance carbon stocks; and to incorporate climate finance into policy frameworks and development activities, according to the Climate Investment Funds website.
To see an accompanying slideshow of images from Peru's central Amazon, click here.
NUEVO ARICA, Peru (Thomson Reuters Foundation) – Sweating under a blazing sun, workers pass papayas hand over hand from a dugout canoe up the steep bank of the Huallaga River. Wearing rubber gloves for protection against the irritating sap oozing from the stem ends of the still-green fruit, two young men wash the papayas before tossing them to a young woman who arranges them in crates in the back of a waiting truck.
The papaya business arrived in this Shawi Indian community with the widening of a dirt road from the town of Yurimaguas. The road cut travel time from two days by river to two hours by road, but it also brought traders seeking to rent land to plant commercial crops.
The sudden influx of outsiders and cash crops has sparked conflicts within communities and even between family members over land use and money, says Shawi leader Luis Huansi. He worries that the land-rental trend could lead to increased deforestation in an area already under pressure from roads, a huge palm plantation and settlers migrating from the highlands in search of land to farm.
Besides the papaya growers, the newly widened road has brought loggers and crime, such as theft from houses, which had been virtually unknown in the communities.
“Changes came with the road,” Huansi says. “No one foresaw the social impact it would have.”
Throughout the Amazon basin, deforestation and an influx of farmers and ranchers traditionally follow road construction. But Huansi and others hope that a new international forest conservation programme will help stem forest loss in this area of the central Peruvian Amazon while increasing indigenous families’ income, through measures such as helping families plant forest-friendly crops such as cacao.
Peru is one of eight pilot countries chosen for the programme, funded by multilateral development banks, including the World Bank and Inter-American Development Bank. The other countries are Brazil and Mexico in Latin America; Indonesia and Laos in Asia; and Burkina Faso, the Democratic Republic of Congo and Ghana in Africa.
The programme is designed to help limit global warming by reducing greenhouse gas emissions from deforestation and forest degradation. Deforestation—mainly to clear land for agriculture—is one of Peru’s largest sources of greenhouse gas emissions.
The country was chosen for the program because of its large expanse of Amazonian forest – some 70 million hectares, second only to Brazil – and its pledge to reduce net deforestation to zero by 2021, according to Jaime Fernández-Baca, a climate change specialist at the Inter-American Development Bank in Lima.
The indigenous territory near Yurimaguas is one of three regions targeted to use $50 million allocated to Peru under the Forest Investment Program. The money consists of a $26 million grant and a $24 million concessional loan provided by the international Climate Investment Funds. Indigenous communities are due to get direct access to funding for projects in line with the programme’s objectives, according to the Inter-American Development Bank.
The other two areas included in the programme are near the town of Atalaya, in Peru’s Ucayali region, and the southeastern Madre de Dios region, which is home to some of Peru’s most highly prized protected area, but which has also been ravaged by unregulated gold mining that has stripped trees and fouled rivers over large areas.
Although the specific projects are just entering the design phase and will not be ready for implementation until mid-2015, all will involve indigenous communities, according to Orlando Chirinos, who heads the Peruvian Environment Ministry team responsible for formulating the projects.
Studies in the Amazon have found that indigenous territories tend to serve as a buffer against deforestation. The Forest Investment Program intends to help indigenous communities in the Peruvian Amazon develop plans to manage their forests sustainably.
Some schemes for reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation – often known as REDD+ schemes – involve selling carbon offsets to companies in industrialized countries in exchange for protection of forests in places like the Peruvian Amazon.
But one of Peru’s two main Amazonian indigenous umbrella organizations, the Inter-ethnic Association for Development of the Peruvian Amazon (Asociación Interétnica de Desarrollo de la Selva Peruana, or AIDESEP), opposes market-driven schemes such as carbon credits.
AIDESEP leaders objected to the original Forest Investment Program plan because they felt they did not have enough time to review it thoroughly, according to Roberto Espinoza, who represents the indigenous organisation on the programme’s steering committee.
After a series of talks involving indigenous leaders, national and local government officials and representatives of the multilateral banks, agreement was reached on guidelines for the programme in Peru, Espinoza said.
The indigenous organisation insisted that the programme address the factors that drive deforestation, such as roads and agriculture in the Shawi communities, and called for direct participation by indigenous communities in the project design and implementation.
Espinoza said the projects must take into account the indigenous communities’ concept of territory, not just as land but as a living space where people should have rights to forest resources as long as they manage them in a way that does not deplete the resources.
Indigenous representatives also insisted on an alternative to the carbon markets often associated with REDD+.
“The Amazon is a huge reservoir of carbon, but it is much more than that,” Espinoza said.
AIDESEP representatives held out for recognition of a plan known as “indigenous REDD,” drawn up by the Coordinating Committee of Indigenous Organizations of the Amazon Basin (Coordinadora de Organizaciones Indígenas de la Cuenca Amazónica, COICA), which calls for the Amazon rainforest to be considered as a whole, and which sees carbon storage as just one of the many services provided by the culturally and biologically megadiverse region.
Espinoza said that ensuring that communities have land titles to the land they rely on is a necessary prerequisite for any REDD+ program.
Increasingly, however, he and regional indigenous leaders such as Huansi speak as well of gaining rights – though not necessarily full title – over broader areas they have traditionally used and over the resources in them, including resources below ground that today belong to the state. To complicate matters, many areas of these wider traditional territories have been gradually taken over by colonists, businesses or government agencies.
CACAO, NOT PALM OIL
Huansi worries that the papaya plantations on Shawi lands could be the beginning of a new wave of commercial activities that could eat away at indigenous communities’ rights. He and others fear that that papaya growing will be followed by African oil palm, a crop that is sprouting up in the region around a large plantation owned by Peru’s giant Romero Group.
Huansi would rather see members of the Shawi communities plant cacao bushes under the shade of existing trees than run the risk that mature forest will be replaced with papaya or palm.
“People rent their land out now because of economic need, to cover family expenses, especially when school starts,” he says. The one-time $200 to $250 land rental income is significant for families in that area, he said.
Cacao – used to make chocolate – takes a few years to establish, but produces for decades, instead of just a couple of years, providing families with a long-term income, he said.
He hopes the Forest Investment Program will allow the communities to get a start growing cacao and other crops, such as fruits and vegetables, reforesting with native species, using forest products and perhaps starting some fish farms.
Such a diversity of activities could help families ensure that they have the means to feed and educate their children without renting their land, he said.
With a good management plan and technical assistance, he said, “this could be one of the richest areas in the country.”
Burkina Faso has successfully become a member of the Forest Carbon Partnership Facility (FCPF). Burkina Faso’s approval as a REDD+ country has been greatly assisted by its experience with the Forest Investment Program (FIP) of the Climate Investment Funds (CIF).


National Health Mission (NHM) has positions open for 8455 CHO Posts in Mumbai (Maharashtra). All positions require a minimum Degree Pass candidate. The closing date for applications is 18th July 2020. Interested persons should submit an application online with a resume and a cover letter.
Position/Title: 8455 Community Health Officer (CHO) Vacancies.
Department: National Health Mission (NHM)
Pay Scale: Candidates will get paid Rs. 10,000 – 25,000/- Per Month + Performance based incentive .
Expert – Fresher: Expert, Freshers also apply
Part Time – Full Time: Full Time
Temporary – Permanent: Permanent
Location: Mumbai (Maharashtra).
Application Fee: Applicants have to pay Rs. 500/- (For General / OBC Candidates) & Rs. 350/- (For SC / ST / Ex-Servicemen Candidates) as application fees. Candidates can pay the examination fees through Demand Draft of Nationalized bank drawn in favour of respective Deputy Director of Health Services (DDHS).
Minimum Requirement National Health Mission (NHM):
Education: All Interested Candidates should have completed the Bachelors in Ayurvedic Medicine / Unani Medicine / Nursing or its equivalent qualification from a recognized Board / University.
Skills and Knowledge: Required
Position Posting Date: 14th July 2020
Position Closing Date: 18th July 2020
Age Limit: Applicants age limit must be as per the rules. For Age relaxation, Check the official notification publish on their official website.
How To Apply:
Candidates who fulfill the required eligibility may send their application in prescribed format (attached below) along with self-attested photocopies of essential documents, two passport size colour photos and demand draft to the given addresses on or before 18.07.2020 till 05:30 PM.
- DDHS, Thane – Raigad & Palghar: Deputy Director Health Services Regional Mental Hospital Campus, Dharmavir Nagar, Thane (West) – 400 604, Maharashtra
- DDHS, Nashik – Dhule & Nandurbar: Deputy Director Health Services, Regional Referral Hospital Campus, Shalimar, Nashik – 422 001, Maharashtra
- DDHS, Pune – Solapur & Satara: Deputy Director Health Services 3rd Floor,New Administrative Building, Near Sadhu Wasvani Chowk, Pune – 411 001, Maharashtra
- DDHS, Kolhapur – Kolhapur, Sindhudurg & Ratnagiri: Deputy Director Health Services 3rd Floor Central Building, Near SP Office,Ramanmala, Kasaba Bavada, Kolhapur, Maharashtra
- DDHS,Aurangabad – Aurangabad, Parbhani & Jalna: Deputy Director Health Services, Mahavir Chowk, Near Baba Petrol Pump, Station Road, Aurangabad – 431 001, Maharashtra
- DDHS, Latur – Beed: Deputy Director Health Services, Aarogya Sankul Building, 3rd Floor, Near to New Collector Office, Latur – 413 512, Maharashtra
- DDHS, Akola – Akola, Amaravati, Buldhana & Yavatmal: Deputy Director Health Services Near Chaudhari Vidhyalay,Women Hospital Premises, Durga Chowk, Akola – 444 001, Maharashtra
- DDHS, Nagpur – Nagpur, Wardha, Bhandara, Gondia, Chandrapur & Gadchiroli: Deputy Director Health Services, Matakacheri Campus, North Ambazari Road, Shradhanand peth, In front of Dikshabhoomi, Nagpur – 440 022, Maharashtra
Official Notification & Application Form: Click Here to Download
Please submit an online application with your resume and a cover letter explaining your interest in this position. If you have further questions, Visit the Official website.
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