Using a traditional tape measurement tool is handy, but can be time-consuming. You need to position them in the correct position, in certain angles and tension. Yes, sometimes it can still be inaccurate if written in bad handwriting. You should look at the Bosch GLM 20 Laser Measure for doing this.
This review will help you see its innovative features and its performance. We have found some consumer’s concerns to reduce any unintended product bias. The laser measure is a fun but functional product, but that’s a decision from reading of this article.
The Bosch GLM 20 Laser Measure is a quick, easier, and accurate way to measure the cut length of wood. It provides a precise laser real-time measurement mode that reaches to 65 feet. We found this on Amazon at a price around $41.
One of the most useful features of Bosch GLM 20 Laser Measure is its backlight screen. You’ll find this feature useful when you need to measure anything in dark or low light areas. Anyone can increase their productivity by removing the guesswork. Your screen numbers give the result; it’s simple and accurate.
The Bosch GLM 20 Laser Measure gives you the ability to use imperial and metric measurements. Use this device to measure the correct cutting line. It will hold your measurement until you’re ready to cut or mark the material.
The Bosch GLM 20 Laser Measure uses one button for its entire operation. Start by pressing it once and begin to take real-time measurements. Once you find the measurement you desire, press the button again to hold it on screen. Press the button a third time, and it will display and store the measurement. Holding the button for 3 seconds will completely shut the device off.
You might have wondered “how do I change my measurement units from inches to meters?”. To change the GLM’s measuring unit at any time, press and hold on the main button until the measurement unit shows up. This feature is good as it converts the units to improve your measuring precision.
You will like the size of this device because its a pocket compact. It’s only 4 inches long. This laser measurement device is the size of a pair of keys and easy to fit in you shirt pocket. It’s brilliant, you get a useful tool that fits in your pocket.
I have found the Bosch GLM 20’s laser quality poor when used outdoors. I found the laser is hard to see when it’s placed on anything outside in direct sunlight. It is good using this laser measurement tool indoors or outside at night to get the best use from it.
Despite those issues, the Bosch GLM 20 is one of the best laser measurement devices in the market. You can it record measurements in any units and it has a memory to store your measurements while using it. Get one and you’ll have a reliable tool in your garage toolkit.
Are you still confused on which measurement tool is the best for you? Continue reading for further assistance. When shopping, look for these following features and follow this advice to ensure that you’re getting your money’s worth.
The measuring range of your laser distance meter depends on the device you buy. The type of device depends on the scope of the project and how far you need to measure. For example, if you’re working on a large construction you will need range and visibility. A road construction worksite or industrial construction will need a more powerful device. You will want one that has a 300+ feet range.
But if you’re working on a small home improvement project in your home, you don’t need that quality of tool. Measurement will rarely need to be near to 100 feet. A real estate appraiser or a professional contractor may need a laser meter with a longer range. Few will need the power to measure in the range of 100-300 feet.
Almost every laser measure has to ability to display in the common measurement units. (Most display in feet, inches, decimal feet, and meters). Most laser tools can switch between the units of measure. You might prefer to buy a laser measure that shows your preferred units to prevent confusion.
Measure tools with a back-lit display are easier to see in bright glare situations. Screens and the laser is easier to see when there’s little or no light present. Not every model has this back-lit display feature, so it’s worth purchasing a laser tape that has.
When you are using a long measuring tape, the longest ones are the hardest to get. Buy a measuring tool that solves those issues so that you won’t struggle with them again. Bosch GLM 20 Laser Measure is an affordable single handed tool. Its design is for medium distance measuring.
On many construction sites, it can be hard to measure a particular straight line distance. This problem occurs because there are either machinery or people blocking the way. Often its because there are materials placed in the place you want to measure.
You can get a laser distance measurement using inbuilt geometry to measure distance. Use pythagorus geometry and the angle of the shot to find the horizontal distance of your target. You use the same method for vertical distance measures. This means that you can make your measurements over people, pellets, and machinery. With whatever is in the way you get to take the measurement that you need.
Using the laser measure is a lot safer and easier than dodging man lifts and climbing over objects. That omits the hazard of having a tape measure in your hand with moving machines at the site. Getting a laser distance measure makes it safer for you to make your measurements. It’s easier and faster than using traditional tape measure tools.
We say that the Bosch GLM 20 Laser Measure is the best measuring tool for small and large-scale projects. Use it in dark or shaded areas and can make each measurements within seconds. Use this device to take accurate measurements and increase your skill in woodworking.
Using traditional measurement tools ishandy, but can be time-consuming. It requires you to position them in certainangles and can sometimes be inaccurate if placed incorrectly. Because of this,you should give the Bosch GLM 20 Laser Measure a look.
This review will help first time buyer’snotice its innovative features and its performance. We’ll even show consumer’sconcerns to ensure that this review doesn’t display any product bias. Whilethis is a fully functional product, it’s up to you to make the buying decisionby the end of this article.
Review: Bosch GLM 20 Laser Measure
One Button Operation
Weight: 0.2 lbs
Compact Size can fit in pockets or hand
1/8 inch Accurate Cuts
Realistic Measurement Mode
The Bosch GLM 20 Laser Measure is a faster,easier, and more accurate way to measure the thickness and length of wood thatneeds to be cut. It provides precise laser technology and a real-timemeasurement mode that cuts up to 65 feet. You can find this on Amazon at aprice around $41.
One of the most useful features is itsbacklight screen. Consumers found this feature useful when they had to measurepieces in dark or dimly lit areas. As a result, woodworkers can increase theirproductivity and remove guess work when using this device.
Also, it gives users the ability to useregular and metric measurements to cut through wood pieces. Get this device tomake the correct cutting line and be able to hold your measurement until you’reready to cut through the wooden material.
The GLM uses one button for its entireoperation. Start by pressing it once and begin to take real-time measurements.Once you find the measurement you desire, press the button again to hold it onscreen. Press the button a third time, and it will display the real-timemeasurement and the stored measurement. Holding the button for a long time willcompletely shut the device off.
First-time buyers wondered “how do I changemy measurement units from inches to meters?”. To change the GLM’s measuringunit at any time, press and hold on the main button until the measurement unitshows up. Users like this feature as it allows them to convert their units andimprove their measuring precision.
Consumers also liked this device because ofits compact size. It’s only 4 inches long, this laser measurement device is notaller than a pair of keys and can fit safely within a user’s pockets. As aresult, you get a useful tool that doesn’t take too much space in your pockets.
However, shoppers were concerned with thedevice’s quality when used outdoors. For instance, the laser is hard to seewhen it’s placed on the outside and is useless when placed in direct sunlight.We suggest using this laser measurement tool indoors to receive the mostutility out of it.
Despite its small issues, the Bosch GLM 20is one of the best laser measurement devices in the market. Not only can itrecord measurements in multiple units, but it has enough memory to store yourmeasurements after using it. Get it today if you want to have a reliable toolin your garage.
Are you still confused on which measurementtool is the best for you? Continue reading for further assistance. Whenshopping, look for these following features and follow this advice to ensurethat you’re getting your money’s worth.
The measuring range of your laser distancemeter depends on the scope of the project and how much feet you need to makeyour measurements. For example, if you’re working on a large job site such asroad construction or industrial construction, you’ll want a device that has a300+ feet range.
But if you’re working on small homeimprovement projects in your home, you don’t need a tool that exceeds over 100feet. While the average real estate appraiser and a professional contractorshould look for a meter that has a range from 100-300 feet.
Almost every model has to ability tomeasure in the common measurement units (feet, inches, decimal feet, meters).And some laser tools can switch between the units easily. But, depending onyour needs, it makes more sense to buy a version that shows the units toprevent confusion.
Measurement tools with a back-lit displayare easier to see in bright glare situations than traditional screens. It’salso easy to see when there’s little or no light present. Remember, not everymodel has this feature, then it’s worth purchasing a laser tape that has aback-lit display.
If you are using a long tape or a measuringtape, think about the measurements that will take the longest or are thehardest to get and purchase a measuring tool that solves the issues that youstruggle with the most.
For instance, in most construction sites,it can be hard to find the measurement distance from point A to point B. Thisproblem occurs because there are either machinery or people blocking the way orbecause there is a multitude of materials placed against the wall.
A laser distance measurement with a tiltsensor measures the distance and the angle of the shot to find the horizontaldistance of your target. This means that you can find your measurements overpeople, pellets, and machinery or whatever is in the way to get the measurementthat you need.
That’s a lot safer and easier than dodgingman lifts and climbing over objects with a tape measure on your hand. Getting alaser distance measure makes it easier for you to make your measurements andfaster than using traditional tools.
Overall, we believe that the Bosch GLM 20Laser Measure is the best measuring tool for small and large-scale projects. Itcan be used in dark areas and can make measurements within a manner ofmilliseconds. In conclusion, get this device to make accurate measurements andincrease your skill in woodworking.
The Bosch GLM 250 VF Professional Review: Does It Have What It Takes To Survive In The Field?
Truepower Biscuit Plate Joiner with Carbide Tipped Blade 4 Review
The Porter Cable Variable Speed PC160JT Jointer Review: A Must-Have Jointer For Your Projects!


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Item description for Peter Joins In (Gateway Books) by L. V. Davidson & Lucy V. Davidson...
From the Gateway Books series - a series of interesting stories for the slightly older child, with some adventure and each with a Christian theme. Peter Mason was bitter, unhappy and had a bad reputation in the village. Alan, his friend goes to see Richard Harding about helping Peter. It is Richard who teaches Peter about Christianity and encourages him to join in and make friends. Alan's friendship with Peter becomes strained and Peter's life at home continues to be difficult, but in the end Peter comes to a memorable decision.
Promise Angels is dedicated to bringing you great books at great prices. Whether you read for entertainment, to learn, or for literacy - you will find what you want at promiseangels.com!
Studio: Lutterworth Children
Est. Packaging Dimensions: Length: 7.32" Width: 4.86" Height: 0.43" Weight: 0.28 lbs.
Release Date Jul 1, 1955
Publisher Lutterworth Press
ISBN 0718819470 ISBN13 9780718819477

domain: literature


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Milton Sports News
Follow coverage of your favorite teams in Milton, MA. Discuss news about high school, college, and pro sports teams and that of their rivals here.
Thursday Nov 26 | via Boston.com
Just hours before Milton's game against Braintree, junior David Brundage learned that his aunt, Denise Allen, died after a battle with cancer. Down by 4 points with eight seconds left, Brundage pulled in a pass from Mike Fallon to lead Milton to a 27-25 win over Braintree on Thursday. Comment?
Tuesday Nov 24 | via The Recorder
Northfield Mount Hermon School's quest for a New England championship fell short as Milton Academy completed an undefeated season with a 2-0 victory in the finals of the New England Prep School Athletic Council Class A Boys' Soccer Tournament Sunday at Brooks School in North Andover. Comment?
Copyright © 2015 Topix LLC

domain: news


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نقش سببی از تصاویر منفی در اضطراب اجتماعی: آزمون در بلندگوهای عمومی با اعتماد به نفس
|کد مقاله||سال انتشار||مقاله انگلیسی||ترجمه فارسی||تعداد کلمات|
|32961||2006||12 صفحه PDF||سفارش دهید||5000 کلمه|
Publisher : Elsevier - Science Direct (الزویر - ساینس دایرکت)
Journal : Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, Volume 37, Issue 2, June 2006, Pages 159–170
This study tests the causal role of negative self-imagery in social anxiety. Low public-speaking anxious volunteers rehearsed a negative self-image, a positive self-image or a control image prior to giving a speech. As predicted, the negative image group felt more anxious, believed they performed less well and reported more negative thoughts than the positive image group. These findings do not appear to be due to changes in state anxiety, since they remained unchanged when anxiety was controlled in an analysis of covariance. The negative image group also reported more anxiety than the control group. Given that participants do not currently have anxiety problems, the findings are consistent with the idea that negative self-imagery has a causal role in the development and maintenance of social anxiety.
People with social phobias often report that, during social situations, they experience negatively valenced images of themselves (Hackmann, Clark, & McManus, 2000). The self-images typically represent exaggerated versions of themselves displaying socially inappropriate behaviour or observable anxiety symptoms, and may be based on memories of actual events dating from the onset of their social anxiety, although the individuals concerned are not always aware of this connection. The same or similar images tend to recur in anxiety-provoking social situations, and attention to such negative self-related representations, at the expense of external social cues, is thought to play a critical role in maintaining social phobia (Clark & Wells, 1995). The proposition that negative self-images play a key role in the maintenance of social anxiety has been supported by the findings of recent experiments in which the type of image being held in mind was experimentally manipulated. In one such study (Hirsch, Clark, Mathews, & Williams, 2003), individuals with social phobia were required to converse with a stranger while holding in mind either their usual negative self-image, or a less negative control image. After the conversation in which the more negative image was being held in mind, participants rated their anxiety as greater, and their social performance as worse, than they did for the conversation when the control image was being held. Importantly, an observer who rated the videotape and was not informed about the type of image being held in mind, also rated the social performance of participants as being better in the control condition, than when they were holding the more negative image. In a second study, Hirsch, Meynen, and Clark (2004) asked non-clinical participants, who were high in social anxiety, to hold two conversations with another volunteer whom they had not met previously. As before, during one conversation the socially anxious participants were asked to hold a negative self-image in mind, during another conversation they were asked to hold a control image in mind. As predicted, participants rated their anxiety as higher and believed they performed more poorly, when holding the more negative image. Ratings obtained from the volunteer with whom they conversed (who was not aware that the study related to imagery or social anxiety) confirmed that observers also perceived social performance, and the quality of the conversation overall, as being less good when the negative image was being held by the socially anxious participant. Both the above studies thus suggest that the content of self-imagery can be manipulated experimentally, and that holding negative self-images in mind can cause both increases in anxiety and impoverished social performance. Within the theory of social phobia proposed by Clark and Wells (1995), self-images are thought to be based on memories of events that occurred around the time of onset of the disorder and are re-activated when entering social situations, thus causing anxiety to increase (Hackmann et al., 2000). A further test of the causal role of self-imagery would be to investigate if rehearsing a negative self-image just before entering a potentially threatening social situation, might have adverse consequences even for individuals who are not normally prone to social anxiety. The present study attempts just such a test, by recruiting volunteers who reported relatively low levels of anxiety about speaking in public, and then requiring them to rehearse either a positive or negative self-image, developed by modifying an earlier memory of a related event. Participants were then required to give a brief speech, without being given any further instructions to hold the previously rehearsed image in mind. Our hypothesis was that anxiety would be greater and the perceived quality of performance would be poorer, in the negative relative to the positive image priming condition. Furthermore, we supposed that priming a negatively valenced emotional image might increase later cognitive intrusions, related to the content of the rehearsed image, which would be experienced while giving the speech. We also investigated if participants would perceive any actual consequences that were related to the content of these intrusions while they were speaking. A secondary question to be investigated was whether negative or positive images, or both, differed from baseline in a congruent direction. For this reason we included a control condition that manipulated imagery in a manner that was unrelated to public speaking. Finally, we assessed anxious mood immediately after image rehearsal, to investigate if any effects could be attributed to the direct consequences of changes in mood prior to giving the speech, as opposed to delayed priming effects of the imagery manipulation.

domain: sociology


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PM inaugurates ‘Pakistan Citizen Portal’
Prime Minister Imran Khan on Sunday said the government is working to improve the governance structure to make the future of country prosperous.
He was addressing a ceremony after the inauguration of ‘Pakistan Citizen Portal‘ in Islamabad today.
The prime minister said Pakistan has immense potential and we need to work hard to make this country better. He said ‘Naya Pakistan’ will only be created when people start owning the system after having confidence in the government.
Imran Khan said the indigenous development of this application is appreciable and it reflects that old colonial mindset has been replaced with accountability for all including government, politicians and public servants.
He said Pakistan Citizens’ Portal will enable the government to understand the performance of ministries and departments. Secondly, future policies will be made after getting the public response and feedback. The Prime Minister said it will also give a better voice to overseas Pakistanis and expatriates.
The PM said our policy is to improve the ease of doing business to attract foreign investment in the country which will help the economy. He said he will get a report on weekly basis to check the performance of various government departments.
Imran Khan said the reward and punishment system in the public sector will also become easier with the coming of this system and the promotions of government servants will be judged on the basis of their performance.
Pakistan Citizen Portal has been set up at the prime minister’s office with an aim to timely address problems of the people and to get their feedback. The portal will be used to send complaints and suggestions to PM office directly.
The PM office will oversee the process of addressing the public complaints and implementation on recommendations.


katrina maurye Garage, 2017-10-28 14:03:14. As we all know from programs like ’through the keyhole’ you can tell a lot about someone by looking at their home. From an un-tidy home overflowing with clutter to the clean, organised and ordered one - every room within every home says something about the owner. And if you really want to see what someone is like without their make up on, the best place to look is probably the garage!
katrina maurye Garage, 2017-10-25 12:46:58. In response to the inherently dangerous old style garage spring issues as above, a newer and safer system for opening the overhead garage door was created. The idea was to transfer the load or weight of the door via a cable and pulley system to a vertical rod now equipped with a torsion (twisted) spring. This type of spring is installed with specialty hardware and bolts to a fixed plate at one end, while the entire spring is installed around a horizontal pipe. This load balancing device is normally installed directly over the header of the garage opening. Using appropriate cables, connectors and pulleys, the weight of the garage door is transferred into the torsion spring system. The difference between the old style stretched spring and the newer torsion spring is the way that the spring energy is stored. With the old style stretched spring, the energy is stored and released by pulling on the spring or returning the spring to its un-stretched condition. With a torsion type of spring, the energy is imparted or removed by rotating the spring clockwise or counter clockwise depending upon the direction of usage. With professional installation, the complete loading of the torsion spring is controlled by the garage installer, and is determined by the weight and size of the garage door that it is operating. When this type of torsion spring fails, it remains attached and intact to the location on the horizontal control rod where it was mounted. I have not heard of or seen any torsion spring fly across a garage, creating injury from failed components as with the stretched older style garage door springs. This is not to say that injuries have not occurred with the torsion style spring. The installation of this type of spring is generally safe when left to a trained garage door installation professional. Severe and serious injuries have occurred when untrained, unqualified individuals have attempted to install or service this type of spring. In most installations, a warning tag is left attached adjacent to the torsion spring when the garage door is installed. This tag warns of the danger associated with the stored energy of this spring, and alerts untrained individuals to not attempt any repair, adjustment or to even touch the spring and associated hardware. When the label that should be attached to this spring becomes damaged, is removed or tampered with, it is important that a new warning label be reattached immediately to show the dangers of this spring tension
Roseline rizarry Garage, 2017-10-25 12:43:43. The second most important consideration to determining which garage storage products fit your need is to determine how dynamic of a garage system it is. If your needs change next year, will the solution you choose adapt easily.
alyse heskett Garage, 2017-10-25 12:46:01. The main reason garages are so convenient for doing projects is the fact that it often is irrelevant when they get messy. Garages are often finished in a way that there’s hardly any concern for ruining the finishing. If a child gets paint on the family room carpet, damages are costly. For many people, if a child gets paint on the garage floor, minimal cleanup is essential. After the paint is dry, it is safe to walk on, and many people don’t worry over paint on the garage floor. Because of this, garages pose a kind of conundrum with regards to finishing. It’s great to possess a garage that’s organized, and orderly, as well as somewhat attractive, but many people don’t feel that it’s essential to spend much money making a garage look good, at least internally. However, a garage that doubles being a comfortable work zone for projects will see more use in general.
Roseline rizarry Garage, 2017-10-26 07:03:47. Make the room your own: As we said, you can tell a lot about someone from their garage. So style the garage to fit your lifestyle. Whether you are sports mad, are an avid car enthusiast or love DIY, the garage is the perfect room to tailor to your every need. So why not fit some memorabilia or pictures to make it your own.
pamelia mair Garage, 2017-10-25 12:43:43. Furthermore there are some signs to look out for, when judging a car garage. The first thing you will notice when you walk into a workshop is how clean and tidy it is, are the comfortable areas looking comfortable? Is there an MOT viewing area? This would show the garage has nothing to hide when it comes to servicing your car and any respectable and reputable company takes customer service into great consideration.
pamelia mair Garage, 2017-10-26 07:03:48. As a garage may store many different flammable items such as oil, automobile lubricants, gas, paint, wood, papers, and such others, a garage home owner will be wise to choose a garage heater with safety features such as an auto temperature regulator. While it is important to keep oneself warm and comfortable while in your garage, safety should not be overlooked as well. Unregulated heat from your garage heater may prove harmful to chemicals and other flammable items stored in your garage.
pamelia mair Garage, 2017-10-25 12:43:44. Secondly look out for higher committee logo’s like the ’good garage scheme’ or the ’RMI’. These could be signs the garage is trustworthy, responsible and follows strict rules & guidelines thoroughly. Often these committee have review about selected garages on their website, which could be useful for some recent opinions.


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Aggression and Intimidation a'la Trump
US Secretary of State Rex Tillersons appeal to Kremlin to choose between Washington and the Bashar alAssad regime in the Syria conflict sounded like a hollow ultimatum. "I think everyone knows by now that its useless to come to Russia with ultimatums," retorted Russian foreign ministry spokesperson Maria Zakharova.
Tillerson delivered the ultimatum ahead of his visit to Moscow, two weeks ago to discuss the latest situation following the…
The BasukiDjarot campaign team is working on Muslim voters who casted their ballots for Agus Harimurti in East and South Jakarta. Religious pilgrimages are being offered to attract them.
Speaking to about 200 residents of Cipinang, Tubagus Ace Hasan Syadzily joked about voter fears of giving their voice for Basuki Tjahaja Purnama (Ahok), the incumbent Jakarta governor who happens to be a Christian.

domain: politics


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And you thought you had strict neighbors? Neuer, Navas, Hart, Cillessen and Buffon, you should really visit this place. It is a 1, pities that his lack of weight renders him a temptation which the occasionally unscrupulous half-back finds himself unable to resist. Sheffield, England Nickname s: Without a doubt the new stand has bought the ground kicking and screaming into the 21st Century. Congratulations CSRU15s winner dewarshield pic.
Where You Can Watch Football For Free?
Hastings Town were formed in and had three separate spells playing at the top pitch. But Woodward is a fine player who may become a great one, and he has a style of his own which is sufficiently good in itself At face value, the contest was unremarkable. If so how do you stop it, any plugin or anything you can advise? There is a way that you can get to see some live football for free, though. It was another sign of the decline in amateur football.
Football in England - Wikipedia
The blog has proven so popular I may well compose a second selection, and am sure the Top Field will be a suitable contender. Please consider upgrading your browser software or enabling style sheets CSS if you are able to do so. This page was last edited on 1 July , at Send this to a friend Your email Recipient email Send Cancel. If every club did this that would be fantastic. I just wanted to experience a 'proper' game and for the past 3 seasons i've been lucky enough to do just that, but i've had to leave the team this sumemr as their ambition is miles ahead of mine and they're bringing in players whose ability I just can't compete with.
Tell us Dan, what do YOU think? Well, the players actually work their asses of over here. There are three sets of goalposts, but not in any configuration that would lend itself to playing a game, and certainly no nets. Speedway had come to the Pilot Field in and some of the old track still remains today. Foul weather restricted the gate to a disappointing 5,, as Derby County ran out winners by I think we have forgotten what a club is. City of Manchester Stadium.

domain: sports


U.S. 23 one lane each direction through Thursday at Russell for viaduct bridge work
Published 12:45 pm Wednesday, July 28, 2021
RUSSELL, Ky. – Contractors will restrict U.S. 23 to one lane each direction at Russell in Greenup County as overhead bridge work continues on the Kentucky Transportation Cabinet’s KY 244 viaduct replacement project.
By Wednesday afternoon or evening, the U.S. 23 northbound slow lane (right lane) will be closed at the new viaduct crossing just north of the Ironton-Russell bridge intersection. It will remain closed through Thursday.
Southbound U.S. 23 remains one lane – the right hand slow lane is closed – through the project area.
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Due to the volume of U.S. 23 traffic – as many as 20,000 vehicles a day use the highway there – significant backups are likely. To avoid delays, motorists should seek alternate routes.
The $20.6 million Russell viaduct replacement project includes building a new KY 244 looping westward from U.S. 23 to a new flyover bridge across U.S. 23 and the railroad tracks on the river side to touch down where the old viaduct bridge connects to Bellefonte Street in downtown Russell. Construction will continue through the summer.
To learn more, view flyover diagrams and get project updates, link to District 9’s “Russell Viaduct Project” at https://transportation.ky.gov/DistrictNine or bookmark the web page at https://transportation.ky.gov/DistrictNine/Pages/RussellViaduct.aspx.


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The logo that Charles Kyler designed for Sunday's adults-only version of the Cub Scout Pinewood Derby says it all:
"Same track. Same rules. No kids."
Competitors have to be 18 or older to enter the inaugural Ellicott City Pinewood Grand Prix, sponsored by the Ellicott City Rotary Club, but no one's pretending they're anything but kids at heart, says Kyler, a stay-at-home father of two girls.
When the custom-designed wooden cars speed down the 32-foot plywood track in multiple heats, racers' adrenaline will be pumping — for a few fleeting seconds, anyway. Some races come down to thousandths of a second.
Some of the participants will be reliving their childhood; others will be competing for the first time, including two women.
"Remember when your dad built your car and you 'helped' paint it?" Kyler wrote on the fundraising event's Facebook page: "Not this time! You build it, you race it, the glory is all yours."
Spectators of all ages are welcome at the event, which will be held from noon to 3 p.m., rain or shine, in the parking lot of the Wine Bin on Main Street.
Kyler came up with the race as a way to raise money for the college scholarship fund of the Ellicott City Rotary Club, which at 86 years is the oldest Howard County chapter of the international organization, which lists worldwide eradication of polio as its primary mission.
As the club's education chairman, Kyler wants to create another four-year, $6,000 scholarship for the 26-member chapter to award to a high school senior.
"We've been handing out three scholarships annually for over 20 years to Mount Hebron students, and I figured it was time to add a fourth one," said the former marketing and advertising manager.
Kyler got his inspiration from the Pinewood Classic his nephew-in-law entered in Phoenix, Ariz., which filled 75 open slots in just hours. He discovered through an Internet search that states across the country have reinvented pinewood car races as fundraisers.
"This is a way to release your inner child," he said, though he also noted that there are stringent Scouting rules to follow in building a car.
Kyler, who was not a Cub Scout, has decided not to compete in the race since he's organizing it, but that didn't stop his wife, Carey O'Bannon Kyler, from entering.
And yes, she built her own car: a replica of the Deathmobile from the 1978 film "Animal House," which she has loved ever since watching it for the first time in college.
"I wanted to do an iconic car that people would recognize," said Carey Kyler, who is the vice president of product development for AARP. She also considered recreating a car from the 1968 cartoon series "Wacky Races."
She was further inspired to engineer the car herself by an aunt who informed her that a male cousin had once won a Pinewood Derby trophy.
"I thought it would be good to keep up the O'Bannon family tradition," she said with a laugh.
For Jeff Anderson, the race provides the chance to do what he missed out on as a boy.
Anderson, a stay-at-home dad with four children ages 4 to 14, was the youngest member of a Scouting family, but his father had stepped down as leader by the time Anderson came of age, and he never became a Scout.
Decades later, the Ellicott City resident can finally design and build a car out of a block of pine.
Anderson recently purchased a silver Lexus and dubbed it his "midlife crisis sedan." He decided to replicate it in miniature for the race.
"The kids think it's too flashy for me," he said of the real Lexus. "I chose it for my design because it will look good on the mantel when the race is over — since it's not going to win in the speed category."
And that's the dichotomy that Charles Kyler says divides the pack of participants.
"I think people will mostly be drawn to the chance to be creative," he said, noting online photos of other competitions showing a car that resembles a wedge of Swiss cheese with a rat as the driver and another that looks like a slice of bacon.
But there will also be physics geeks who will focus on aerodynamically streamlined cars built for speed, he said, as well as some people who just want to have fun.
Gill Gawthrop, a Rotary Club member and race participant, said he falls into the latter category.
"I'm embarrassed to admit it, but I haven't started yet," he said five days before the race. "And I purchased cars for my son and my daughter, so I have three to do.
"But I'll be much more interested in the camaraderie and raising money and making this a building block for future races," said Gawthrop, whose family will come along to watch.
"This is Charles' concept, and we are all behind it," he said. "Our Rotary Club members have a habit of coming up with really fun events."
Trophies will be awarded for Fastest Car and Best Team Spirit, as decided by a panel of judges, and the crowd will choose the winner in the Best Craftsmanship category. Kyler hopes to make the grand prix an annual tradition, much like the club's crab feast every October at St. John's Episcopal Church on Frederick Road.
Building and racing a car "is something that's really cool to do," he said. "We'll be having fun while raising money for a worthwhile cause and bringing people into the historic district, so everybody wins."

domain: hobby


text:
HIV was nearly 50 percent less fatal in 2018 than it was a decade earlier in 2010, new data from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reveal.
The sexually transmitted infection was once treated as a death sentence, but with the advent of better antiretrovirals, including Gilead’s blockbuster Truvada and pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), fewer people are developing HIV, and those who are HIV positive can expect to develop a disease. Normal lifespan.
Even over the past decade, the outlook for HIV-positive people has improved dramatically, the CDC found.
The number of HIV deaths among positive people has fallen 48.44 percent since 2010, the CDC found.
HIV death rate fell by nearly 50% between 2010 and 2018, amid the advent of highly effective antiretroviral drugs and preventatives, CDC data found
In 2010, 9.1 out of 1,000 people who became infected with HIV died from the virus.
But in 2018 that percentage had dropped to just 4.7 of all HIV positive people.
That’s a long way from the historical deadliness of the disease.
HIV is a highly contagious and devastating virus that can be sexually transmitted or spread through needle sharing.
Left to its own devices in the body, the persistent virus can devastate the immune system, become AIDS – acquired immunodeficiency syndrome – and make people extremely vulnerable to secondary infections that would be nothing more than a nuisance to others, but deadly for people with HIV .
After it was identified in 1981, HIV became the second leading cause of death among people aged 25-44.
The death rate peaked in 1995, killing more than 16 of every 100,000 people who died in the U.S.
Thanks in part to the work of the best infectious disease physician Dr. Anthony Fauci and outspoken advocates, especially from the gay community, HIV-positive people today live an average of 77 years, which is comparable to the 78.5 years of life that are HIV-negative. people can expect to live.
Antiretroviral cocktails prevent HIV from replicating, which means that they largely leave other cells alone and are rarely passed on.
As a result, today’s death rate is much lower. In 2010, 16,742 HIV-positive people died of HIV. The number of fatalities from the infection dropped to 15,483 in 2018.
All-cause deaths among HIV-positive people have decreased, but not as much as those from the STI itself.
Non-HIV-related deaths among HIV-positive Americans also decreased, but by a less dramatic 8.6 percent, the CDC found.
This suggests that while HIV itself kills fewer people who contract the disease, other health problems – including heart disease, substance abuse, and diabetes – may still be too much of a burden for this group.
“ The number of deaths among individuals with HIV has declined and by 2018 it had exceeded the 2020 national target, mainly due to a decrease in HIV-related deaths, ” the CDC wrote.
Deaths from HIV infection have likely decreased due to improvements in infection diagnosis and in treatment and medical care.
However, there are still differences in HIV-related death rates for multiple populations. Early diagnosis of HIV infection, immediate treatment, and access to high-quality care and treatment throughout life can improve life expectancy and reduce differences in death rates across population groups. ‘

domain: medical


Anyone who thought farmers aren't interested in a new farm bill quickly found out that's not the case during USDA's first Farm Bill Forum Thursday night.
The four-hour session, broadcast live from the Nashville facilities of RFD-TV, attracted a standing-room-only studio audience of more than 400 persons, mostly from Tennessee and Alabama, and 39 phone calls from 26 states.
“The response we heard this evening met or exceeded our expectations,” said Agriculture Secretary Mike Johanns, talking with reporters after co-hosting the listening forum with farm broadcaster Orion Samuelson. “This becomes the platform on which we talk about the next farm bill.”
Although Congress won’t get down to writing the 2007 farm bill until next year, Johanns announced in April that USDA would conduct a series of farm bill listening sessions to begin laying the groundwork for the new law.
Johanns announced the dates for three more Farm Bill Forums at the beginning of the first in Nashville on July 7. Those will be at the North Dakota State Fair in Minot, July 26; the Minnesota Farm Fest in Redwood County, Aug. 3; and the Wisconsin State Fair in West Allis, Aug. 4. More will be held later.
He said the Bush administration plans to play a more aggressive role in drafting the 2007 farm bill than it did in the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act that the president signed on May 13, 2002.


text: All my Sugar’n Cream yarn has finally arrived. The colours are absolutely amazing! I haven’t used their yarn before and I can’t wait to get crocheting to find out what it’s like.I got two whimsical sprout bookmarks in the post yesterday. They’re made of silicone so they keep their shape even after being crushed inside a book. The book is Real World by Natsuo Kirino. I finished it this morning actually. She has by now become one of my favourite contemporary writers. It’s such a shame that many of her books haven’t been translated into English. One of the most entertaining books I’ve read in a while is The Rotters’ Club by Jonathan Coe which I finished the other day. I was completely engrossed. This afternoon I started reading 69 by Ryū Murakami who happens to be another favourite contemporary writer of mine.

domain: artistic


text:
For Mr Hadi, Aden, 550km (350 miles) west, is an even more urgent challenge. In the early summer of 2015, the Emirati presidential guard and their Yemeni protégés drove out northern rebels who had taken most of the city four months earlier. But the turf wars unleashed by liberation have dampened the celebrations. Mr Hadi’s son now inhabits the presidential palace in Aden (Mr Hadi himself spends most of his time in Saudi Arabia), but in the rest of the city the governor, Aidarus al-Zoubaidi, has asserted control. Much of the police force he has raised comes from his home province of Dali, north of Aden, whose tribesmen massacred Mr Hadi’s Abayan tribe in 1986. “I override the president for the benefit of the city,” Mr Zoubaidi explains.
In its third year of war, Yemen risks fragmentation
The president has no country to rule
FROM the balcony of his hilltop palace, the governor, Major-General Ahmad bin Bourek, surveys Mukalla, the port and capital of Yemen’s largest province, Hadramawt. It is not yet his kingdom. But to mark the first anniversary of the expulsion of al-Qaeda, the jihadist group that seized the city in 2015, he declared a public holiday and hosted thousands of grandees at a conference at which he pushed his demand for autonomy. Flunkeys distribute badges with his portrait, hang banners proclaiming him leader along the city’s highways and organise military parades. Backed by the United Arab Emirates (UAE), which last April wrested back control of the port in an assault by land and sea, he sees a new political map of Yemen emerging from two years of war. “We can’t wait for them to liberate the rest of the country,” he says. “If the conflict lasts much longer, Yemen will split into duwailat (principalities).”
If so, it would be reverting to type. For 139 years, the British avoided the north and nannied 14 bickering sheikhdoms across southern Yemen. When the British Empire withdrew, socialists in the south formed their own republic, and proceeded to make it a crime even to communicate with northerners. South Yemen united with the more populous, tribal and rugged North Yemen only when the Soviet Union collapsed, leaving the south bereft of an external backer. After 27 years of forced but tempestuous marriage, its politicians have now latched onto the UAE, looking for separation again.
Taking on responsibility for the south as part of the Saudi-led coalition to take Yemen from northern Houthi rebel forces, the UAE has established at least six operating bases across southern Yemen. While the Saudis bombed from the air, the Emiratis put thousands of troops on the ground, trained perhaps 30,000 Yemeni fighters in and out of the country to fight the Houthis and al-Qaeda and pumped $2bn into projects designed to revive a battered and neglected land. “Southerners will never again be governed by Sana’a [Yemen’s capital in the north],” says Reyad Yassin, a former foreign minister and Yemen’s ambassador to Paris, on a visit to the UAE. Even the bottled water is called “South”.
United in resentment of the north, southerners agree on little else. Formally, President Abd Rabbo Mansour Hadi, a general from the southern province of Abyan, rules over all the territories the coalition has recovered. Yet signs of his power are almost as hard to find in the south as in the rebel-held north. The odd poster bearing his image is strung from lampposts too high to tear down. Checkpoints fly the former South Yemen flag, not that of a united Yemen Mr Hadi professes to govern.
Mr Hadi still controls the country’s central bank, and hoards some 400bn Yemeni riyals (about $1.6bn) he recently had printed in Russia. But local governors find ways to diversify. Frustrated at Mr Hadi’s reluctance to hand over Hadramawt’s share of Yemen’s oil revenues, its governor—like his al-Qaeda predecessors—levies duties at Mukalla port. Surcharges on fuel imports for distribution countrywide, including to Sana’a where the rebels hold sway, he says, raise $16m a month. He threatens to declare independence if Mr Hadi refuses to grant him devolved powers by September.
Back to the bad days
Amid the ruins, old vendettas have resurfaced. Over 3,700 people have been killed in the battles for Aden since 2015, say local doctors. In contrast to Mukalla’s well-swept streets and whitewashed walls, rubbish and graffiti abound. Marginalised under northern rule since 1990, Aden had long found solace in nostalgia. It recalled colonial times when it was the Arab world’s premier port, with its first refinery; or the Soviet era when it had beach parties, and northern practices like qat-chewing, the veil and polygamy were banned.
The Emiratis have attempted to give the city a facelift, but while schoolgirls welcome their new computers and freshly painted classrooms, they worry about getting to school safely: kidnappings, night-time gunfire and explosions cause their trepidation. The presidential palace should be Aden’s safest place, not its most frightening, says Kholoud Mousa, a 19-year-old whose school lies below.
Southern secessionists maintain what order there is. Young men bristling with guns careen in pickups along pavements. Some officials now feel confident enough to move around Aden without bodyguards. But although the South Yemen flag is more common, al-Qaeda’s ensign also appears on alley walls. Soon after the Emiratis restored Aden’s national library, extremists blew it up. The previous governor was assassinated. The current one has survived multiple attempts.
Yemen’s riyal has slumped against the dollar. Prices continue to rise. Mothers from poorer suburbs nurse shrivelled bundles in hospitals. Malnourishment was a fact of life before the war, but eight children have starved to death in Aden’s hospitals so far this year, against 11 all of last. Despite over $100m worth of Emirati investment in generators, blackouts have increased. Power cuts last most of the day because Mr Hadi refuses to pay for the fuel.
“He wants to stymie my efforts to deliver,” says the governor, who accuses the president of recruiting al-Qaeda fighters lest their cold war heat up. At the airport, the governor’s and the president’s men have already come to blows.
The Emiratis are beginning to tire of their bickering wards. Officials who hoped that Aden would be a model for the rest of Yemen now fear that leaving the south on autopilot might only condemn the country to instability. And that might engulf the whole Arabian peninsula. Thousands of fighters they have trained have gone AWOL (after collecting their pay). Motivating recruits to push north is an uphill task even with the payment of bonuses. Those who were happy to fight for their own homes seem unenthused about fighting for somebody else’s.
“Why should we stand up another failed South Sudan?” asks an Emirati analyst. “If you want to stabilise an area, the first thing you put right is the governance,” says a former British diplomat in Yemen. That, clearly, has yet to happen.
This article appeared in the Middle East & Africa section of the print edition under the headline "Atomised"
Middle East & Africa April 29th 2017
From the April 29th 2017 edition
Discover stories from this section and more in the list of contentsExplore the edition
By curbing the hated hijab-enforcers, the ayatollahs hope to stay in power
Some say Bible studies are more important
Techniques deployed by the HALO Trust are saving lives

domain: geography


text:
Subject: Unicode library released
Date: Monday 21st May 2012 11:40:04 UTC (over 6 years ago)
Hi guys, A Unicode library for Gambit has been released. Many thanks to Florian Loitsch for releasing the Unicode library for Bigloo, of which this library in many respects is a port. The Unicode library for Gambit does the following Unicode handling: unicode-char-upper unicode-char-lower unicode-string-upper unicode-string-upper! ; "aBc" => "ABC" unicode-string-lower unicode-string-lower! ; "aBc" => "abc" unicode-string-capitalize-strict! unicode-string-capitalize-strict ; "aBc" => "Abc" string-unicode-ci string-unicode-ci<=? string-unicode-ci=? string-unicode-ci>? string-unicode-ci>=? It runs out of the box on vanilla Gambit and on Black Hole. License is New BSD. It's both released on the Dumping grounds http://dynamo.iro.umontreal.ca/~gambit/wiki/index.php/Dumping_Grounds and on GitHub at https://github.com/m-i-k-a-e-l/gambit-unicode . For some more info, please see the copy of the library headers below. Kind regards, Mikael - Gambit Unicode library 1.0 New BSD license Enables Gambit Scheme with Unicode handling features. Runs out of the box on vanilla Gambit and on Black Hole. The Gambit-specific code and distribution: Copyright (C) 2010-2012 Mikael More The unicode-data.scm generator and Bigloo unicode library this library was inspired by, found in the bigloo-unicode directory: Copyright (C) 2007-2012 Florian Loitsch The source data for the unicode-data.scm generator, found in the bigloo-unicode/data directory: Copyright (C) 1991-2011 Unicode, Inc. ## Exports unicode-char-upper unicode-char-lower unicode-string-upper unicode-string-upper! ; "aBc" => "ABC" unicode-string-lower unicode-string-lower! ; "aBc" => "abc" unicode-string-capitalize-strict! ; "aBc" => "Abc" unicode-string-capitalize-strict ; string-unicode-ci string-unicode-ci<=? string-unicode-ci=? string-unicode-ci>? string-unicode-ci>=? ## Relation with Bigloo Unicode library. Intended scope of use of this library. This library is based on the Unicode library for Bigloo Scheme by Florian Loitsch, as bundled with the js2scheme distribution as found on http://code.google.com/p/js2scheme/source/browse/ . A copy of this library is provided in this distribution in the bigloo-unicode directory, to enable you to easily generate Unicode constants based on any new Unicode Character Database versions. The vesion of the Bigloo Unicode library bundled here is was pulled from the abovementioned repo the 13:t of May 2012. Florian's last changes were the 12:th of March 2011. Florian's code is to be viewed as stable since at least 2010, to the best of my knowledge the only changes since then have been minor restructurings. Please note that the scope of this library and the Bigloo unicode library are different, in that Gambit has complete native Unicode character handling and charset encoding/decoding features built-in and thus none of this needs to be provided in a separate library, whereas the Bigloo Unicode library provides such functionality to Bigloo. ## Distribution overview unicode.scm - The Gambit Unicode handling library unicode-data.scm - The constants required to make unicode.scm spin. Generated out of the Unicode Character Database. bigloo-unicode/* - Florian Loitsch's unicode-data.scm generator, and Bigloo Unicode library that was used as inspiration for making this library. Use this to generate a new unicode-data.scm out of a Unicode Character Database update, if that would ever be released and relevant. Latest version as of the 13:th of May 2012, see more above. bigloo-unicode/data/* - The required files of the Unicode Character Database, see below. ## How to update unicode-data.scm with a new version of the Unicode Character Database In case by any reason this would ever be relevant, here is how to proceed: Update the bigloo-unicode/data/ files (namely SpecialCasing.txt and UnicodeData.txt) with the new Unicode Character Database files. As of the date of writing, these are released on http://www.unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/SpecialCasing.txt and http://www.unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/UnicodeData.txt , and you can see the release date of the latest update of them on http://www.unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/ .

domain: library


text:
Manchester City defender Micah Richards is determined to make his mark for England in the U21 European Championships.
He said: "The Under-21 Championship is a great stage to test yourself against the best up-and-coming players, so there's a lot to look forward to. We feel that we have a really good chance of doing well.
"I'm really looking forward to the tournament - I believe we have a squad strong enough to win it. The standard is really high and gives us a chance to play against some of the best young players in Europe. That can only help my own game and development."

domain: game


text:
Remember last fall when I said I’d taken on another project?
The project was the website for The Castle, my sister and brother-in-law’s newest venture. I am so appreciative of the fact that they let me design their site. Its been a long time since I’ve worked on anything besides Relishments and it was a really unique challenge to make someone else’s vision come true. It was definitely a project (I really only pretend I know how to use WordPress), but an awesome one. So, I could argue that I’m sharing this information to let you know what I’ve been up to lately.
I could also argue that this post makes total sense for a food blog: The Castle is going to be a café with what I presume will be delicious food. But really, I just want to share this amazing thing that my sister and her husband are up to on Boston’s North Shore:
The Castle is currently crowd-funding their initial support in order to rent a location and open their doors. When they do, I’ll be sure to write a full review here. So, if you love cafés, crowd-funding (I’m obsessed with the idea) or board games, check out The Castle’s Indiegogo campaign. And tell your friends!


Tarp, PVC-Coated Polyester with 2ft Spaced Grommets, 18ft x 45ft by Bulldog
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Product Warranty Information
Manufacturer supplies a warranty against manufacturing defects and a 2 year warranty against fabric breakdown from ultra-violet sunlight.
- Bulldog Tarp with Rust Resistant Grommets
- Made of UV treated PVC coated polyester material
- #2 grommets every 2ft for secure tie-downs
- Protects plants during transportation while allowing air and moisture circulation
- Will not rot or mildew for long-lasting use
- Color varies, usually multi-colored material made from remnants to keep costs low
- Measures 18ft x 45ft for ample coverage
Product Shipping Weight
- 53 pounds
Write Your Own Review


text:
Essay about Blending Reality and Fantasy in Going After Cacciato
1267 Words6 Pages
Blending Reality and Fantasy in Going After Cacciato by O'Brien
As O'Brien's third novel, Going After Cacciato is one of his most acclaimed works. The book brings to the reader many chilling aspects of war while developing a connection between the reader and the narrator. After many years, Going After Cacciato still dominates over more recent war novels by providing a unique glimpse into the soldiers mind. O'Brien reflects upon his wartime experiences in Vietnam while successfully blending reality and fantasy in an original war story.
In the first chapter of the book, the relationship between the story and its title is quickly made. As the character who encites the chase, Cacciato embarks on the seemingly ludicrous journey to…show more content… The dreamlike quality of the events that Berlin undergoes also pushes this book into the realm of fantasy and science fiction. There are stories within stories in this book, adding to the loose definition of this book as a war story. The secondary plots often demonstrate the mind of a soldier at war. Cacciato's desertion or "Humping to Paris," (5:7) as Berlin calls it, was a thought in many soldier's minds, dreaming of a place where they would rather be. Another group of people in the book are the villagers who at times fall victim to the soldier's orders. In the systematic raiding of villages, Berlin begins to develop a sense of understanding; he realizes the villagers accept that he does not want to destroy their hamlet but it must be done, as it is his duty. Parts of the book are about self-discovery as Berlin finds his place in the war. During one of the flashbacks, the men decide to "touch the grenade," (5:209) in agreement to kill their lieutenant. By returning to the war setting, O'Brien is able to return the novel to its primary motif, war.
Repeated throughout the novel is Berlin's solitude during the war as he is at the observation post considering "the issue...of courage." (5:73) Alone during the early hours of the day Berlin makes decisions of how he will act, about exactly what is going on in Vietnam. Decisions of that type influenced how he filled his role in Vietnam, as an


text:
Kenya Cup log leaders KCB Rugby are set to miss the services of Kenya Simbas forward Patrick Ouko due to injury.
According to the Ruaraka-based team, Ouko sustained a left ankle fracture during a training session on Tuesday and will undergo surgery on Wednesday.
The club expressed support for Ouko, saying “GO PATO!! We wish you a speedy recovery.”
“Hey fam, PAT-MAN-King of Buru, Patrick Ouko sustained a left ankle fracture during training yesterday and is scheduled to undergo surgery later on today so as to start his recovery journey. All we can say is, GO PATO!! We wish you a speedy recovery,” the club announced.
Ouko has been a valuable player for both KCB Rugby and the Kenyan national team, the Simbas. He has represented the Simbas in the Currie Cup, Rugby Africa Cup, and the final Rugby World Cup qualification tournament.
He made his first appearance of the season off the bench against Kenya Harlequin and has since made six appearances with three starts.
Despite this setback, KCB Rugby remain a strong contender for the Kenya Cup title.
They have had an impressive start to the season, winning all seven of their matches and earning 35 points.
The club will aim to secure maximum points in the regular season to secure a place in the semifinals and boost their chances of regaining the title.


text:
Background: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and obesity are highly prevalent in adolescents. Emerging findings from our laboratory and others are consistent with the novel hypothesis that obese individuals may be predisposed to developing PTSD. Given that aberrant fear responses are pivotal in the pathogenesis of PTSD, the objective of this study was to determine the impact of an obesogenic Western-like high-fat diet (WD) on neural substrates associated with fear.
Methods: Adolescent Lewis rats (n = 72) were fed with either the experimental WD (41.4% kcal from fat) or the control diet. The fear-potentiated startle paradigm was used to determine sustained and phasic fear responses. Diffusion tensor imaging metrics and T2 relaxation times were used to determine the structural integrity of the fear circuitry including the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and the basolateral complex of the amygdala (BLA).
Results: The rats that consumed the WD exhibited attenuated fear learning and fear extinction. These behavioral impairments were associated with oversaturation of the fear circuitry and astrogliosis. The BLA T2 relaxation times were significantly decreased in the WD rats relative to the controls. We found elevated fractional anisotropy in the mPFC of the rats that consumed the WD. We show that consumption of a WD may lead to long-lasting damage to components of the fear circuitry.
Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate that consumption of an obesogenic diet during adolescence has a profound impact in the maturation of the fear neurocircuitry. The implications of this research are significant as they identify potential biomarkers of risk for psychopathology in the growing obese population.
Keywords: Adolescence; Astrocytes; DTI; Fear; Fear-potentiated startle; Neuroimaging; Obesity; PTSD.
Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

domain: biology


text:
It was two years ago yesterday that Irish guitar hero Gary Moore died from a heart attack while on holiday in Spain. A former member of Thin Lizzy, Moore was a stunning player who deserved to be ranked among the world's best.
Eric Clapton would surely agree.
On his upcoming album Old Sock--scheduled for release March 12--Clapton covers "Still Got the Blues", the title track of the 1990 Moore album that marked his move from hard-rock to electric blues. The Still Got the Blues disc featured guest appearances by George Harrison and blues legends Albert King and Albert Collins, and was Moore's most popular release.
I'm psyched to hear how Slowhand interprets Moore's composition. According to Clapton's website, "Still Got the Blues" is just one of a number of covers on Old Sock.
"The new album is a collection of some of Clapton’s favorite songs spanning from his childhood to present day that highlights his vast appreciation and knowledge of music," reads the online bumph. "From Leadbelly to J.J. Cale; Peter Tosh to George Gershwin; Hank Snow to Gary Moore and Taj Mahal, this record is a celebration of so many who have inspired Clapton’s rich musical life."
Here's a fan-shot clip of Clapton performing "Still Got the Blues" a while back.
It's okay, I guess. But we'll take Moore's own version any day:
Here's my 1984 interview with Moore for anyone else who's still got the blues for him.

domain: entertainment


text:
MLB: Willis alum Birdsell earns draft consideration
Like most Major League Baseball draft prospects this spring, Brandon Birdsell didn’t have a very big window of opportunity to show scouts his talent.
Just before the coronavirus pandemic canceled the college baseball season, the 2018 Willis graduate pitched two strong games for San Jacinto College. His development through the early part of 2020 and those games have Birdsell waiting to see if a team will take him.
The first round of the draft will begin at 6 p.m. today, and Rounds 2-5 will begin at 4 p.m. Thursday. Both days will be broadcast on ESPN and MLB Network.
MLB owners and players are still negotiating a deal to begin the 2020 season. One of the primary impacts the virus outbreak has had on professional baseball is the draft being cut down to five rounds from the usual 40. Birdsell, 20, is No. 96 out of 200 players ranked by MLB.com this week.
“I have my sights set so high,” Birdsell said in a phone interview Monday. “Of course, it’s a pretty cool feeling because when I was in high school, I wasn’t anywhere near this position. Last year, I would have never thought I’d be in the position I’m in now.”
Birdsell could possibly be the highest draft pick ever to come out of Willis. Pitcher Cliff Young holds that distinction. Young, who played three seasons in the majors before he died at age 29 in an automobile accident, was a fifth-round pick by Montreal in 1983, according to The Baseball Cube website.
Birdsell was selected in the 39th round by his hometown Astros following his senior year of high school. He played one season for Willis and coach Brad Propst, who was drafted in the 38th round by Houston out of Oklahoma State in 2011.
After not signing with the Astros, Birdsell spent his freshman year at Texas A&M. The 6-foot-2, 220-pound right-hander made just seven appearances. Birdsell decided to transfer to San Jacinto, one of the top junior college programs in the nation.
When: Wednesday and Thursday
Time: 6 p.m. Wednesday (Round 1); 4 p.m. Thursday (Rounds 2-5)
Channel: ESPN/MLB Network (Wednesday); ESPN2/MLB Network (Thursday)
“The strategy was to get more playing time,” Birdsell said. “At A&M, I just wasn’t developing, and I wasn’t playing a whole lot either. I just didn’t like the environment I was in. There was really nothing holding me back.”
Players coming out of junior college are eligible to be drafted again before moving to a four-year program. But that really wasn’t on Birdsell’s mind when he made the move to play for the Gators.
“The season started out pretty rough,” Birdsell said. “I think I gave up eight runs in two innings against Wharton in the very first scrimmage of the year. That was kind of a wake-up call. There was just something telling me that I had to keep developing. I had to keep grinding.”
Birdsell worked closely with San Jacinto pitching coach Woody Williams, a 15-year MLB veteran who earned one All-Star appearance and won 132 games with Toronto, San Diego, St. Louis and Houston.
“He’s an awesome guy, and he really helped me develop down in San Jac,” Birdsell said. “He never gave up on me, and we continued to develop. Each start, we got better and better.”
Birdsell developed a slider that can reach 88-91 miles per hour and started working on a two-seam fastball.
“I never threw a two-seam in my life,” Birdsell said. “It started to click for me towards the end of the season.”
In his final two starts in March, Birdsell picked up wins over Wharton County and Blinn. He pitched 13 innings combined, striking out 22 batters and walking one. The game against Blinn was a four-hit shutout. Birdsell was 5-0 with a 2.48 ERA and 45 strikeouts (13.9 per nine innings) when the season was canceled.
“Those last two starts really put me on the other side of the spectrum,” he said. “I was struggling a lot through the beginning of the season. I was really trying to find my way.”
Birdsell’s fastball velocity went from the low 90s to a peak of 97 in the short time period.
“I started getting a lot of calls from scouts,” Birdsell said. “It was like I completely transformed overnight.”
When school was canceled, Birdsell moved back home. For the past few months, he has been working out with whatever he could get his hands on. He started throwing again 4-5 weeks ago. Since his season was scrapped, the calls from scouts have become more consistent.
“Throughout this process, I’ve talked to 24-25 teams, somewhere in that range,” Birdsell said. “Some weeks are quiet. Some weeks I’m on the phone a good three or four hours per day.”
Birdsell got a small taste of the process as a high school senior, but only spoke to a couple teams back then.
“It’s been a little bit different,” Birdsell said. “I’ve got a ton more attention and a lot more calls than I did back in high school.”
Birdsell, his immediate family, as well as his girlfriend and her family, are planning to get together for the draft.
Despite the draft being more compact this year, Birdsell has been advised that he shouldn’t be too concerned about falling outside of the five rounds.
“I think I have a pretty good shot,” he said. “Most of the scouts have told me that the draft being five rounds wouldn’t really affect me a whole lot.”
Birdsell also has a pretty great option for the next step to his career if the draft doesn’t go his way. He committed to Texas Tech — one of the elite programs, not only in the Big 12, but in the country — back in November.
“I’m really excited for Texas Tech,” Birdsell said. “I have a great relationship with Coach (Matt) Gardner, the pitching coach. We talk quite a bit, and I love Lubbock. I’ve loved Texas Tech ever since I visited there in November. There’s really no bad option here. If I get drafted, that would be awesome. If I don’t, I’d be super happy to go to Texas Tech also.”
Overall, the Willis alum feels fortunate to be in this spot.
“It’s a great feeling,” Birdsell said. “I always have to remind myself that I’m very grateful and very lucky to be in this position.”
Romo a top catcher prospect
The Woodlands High School catcher Drew Romo graduated last week at Woodforest Bank Stadium and will now see where his baseball future lies.
Romo is a four-year starter for the Highlanders under head coach Ron Eastman and a member of the USA 18U gold medal team.
Romo, listed at 6-foot-1, 205 pounds, is the fifth-best catching prospect according to MLB.com rankings and the second-best high school catching prospect. He is ranked No. 35 overall.
According to his MLB.com scouting report, Romo is “a potential Gold Glover, possesses soft hands, advanced receiving skills and a strong arm with a quick release. He also garners praise for his leadership ability, work ethic and baseball IQ”.
Romo is a switch-hitter at the plate. He was selected as The Courier’s Defensive MVP as a junior, but also did a lot of damage with his bat. He posted a .397 batting average with 17 doubles, four home runs and 35 RBIs while helping the Highlanders reach the regional finals.
Romo is projected in a sampling of mock drafts to go in the late first round or early second round.
He has signed with LSU.
Mag West alum getting a look
Connor Phillips, a 2019 Magnolia West High School alum who pitched this spring for McLennan Junior College in Waco, is the No. 94 prospect, according to MLB.com.
Phillips was the ace for the Mustangs last spring when the team went on its deepest playoff run in school history under head coach Justin Faltysek.
Before McLennan’s season was canceled, Phillips was 3-1 with a 3.16 ERA and 27 strikeouts and 15 walks in 25 ⅔ innings pitched.
“Phillips has a quick arm that produces 92-96 mph fastballs that peak at 98, and he already shows the ability to hold his velocity deep into games,” MLB.com’s scouting report says. “His upper-70s curveball has good depth and shows signs of becoming a plus pitch, though he can’t always land it for strikes. He’ll need to refine his changeup as he faces more advanced hitters.”
Phillips is listed at 6-foot-2, 190 pounds.
Ekness garnering interest
The Woodlands senior pitcher Josh Ekness isn’t currently ranked among MLB.com’s top 200 prospects, but the right-handed pitcher has been mentioned in mock drafts as a possible selection this week.
The Lamar commit improved his velocity this school year. Eastman stated that Ekness’ fastball reached 96 mph this spring, and he faced two tough opponents.
According to Perfect Game, Ekness is listed at 6-foot-4, 215 pounds.


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I Am big on touchstones, those marks within a day, week, season, year or lifetime that lend themselves to reflection, evaluation and broadened perspective.
With the ushering in of 7/1/2015, in the sweet moments before sun up, I’m thinking about how I’ve done thus far with the concrete New Year Evolutions I set in January and about my handling of the unforeseen challenges and opportunities that I could have never seen coming last winter.
On the big rocks side, I’m not where I might have hoped to be at this annual juncture but on the smaller rocks side, the ones that constitute some of the fabric of my day to day living, I’ve made the kind of improvements that I would commend a friend/client for making.
I remind myself this morning, It’s not about perfection, it’s about improving (if only a little), it’s about embracing fully the process and mostly it’s about being headed in the right direction. The goals are not the end, they are guide post for the kind of living you want to do before your time is up.
If you’re headed in the right direction, well done! If honest reflection indicates that you’re not, no problem, get going with one good decision, then another…We still have 1/2 the year to go.
Wishing each of you much peace, love and prosperity all your days.
Train Smart, have fun and never give up,


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WHO Regional Committee for Europe annual meeting in Rome will discuss new findings on health and well-being of people in Europe and track progress against key health targets
Europeans’ sense of health, well-being and life satisfaction is higher than in many other parts of the world. Most people respond positively to the question: “How satisfied are you with life these days?” Across the WHO European Region, on a scale of 0 (least satisfied) to 10 (most satisfied), life satisfaction scores an average 6, but variations from country to country are pronounced – some have a score of 5 or below, others have some of the highest scores in the world, reaching up to 7.6.
These findings come from WHO’s flagship European Health Report, which will be formally launched at the 68th annual meeting of the WHO Regional Committee for Europe, WHO’s European decision-making body. The Committee will convene in Rome on 17–20 September 2018 and will bring together over 400 health ministers and high-level policy-makers, representing 53 European countries. It will also review progress and plan priorities in policy-making to improve health and keep the Region on track to meet its Health 2020 commitments and the health-related Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of Agenda 2030.
“The report shows that most European countries have taken significant steps towards hitting key targets set by Health 2020, thus contributing to achieving the health-related SDGs,” says Dr Zsuzsanna Jakab, WHO Regional Director for Europe. “Progress is encouraging but uneven, both within and between countries. The point is that now we have to act together to live up to the pledges we all made when adopting the SDGs in 2015 and ensure health for all.”
The latest data also reveal that:
Europeans live on average more than one year longer when compared to five years ago. However, over a decade of difference remains between countries in the Region with the highest and lowest life expectancy.
The number of deaths from all causes for all ages has fallen by 25% since the beginning of the millennium.
Overall, the Region is surpassing the target of reducing premature deaths from cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes mellitus and chronic respiratory diseases by 1.5% annually until 2020. The latest data point to a 2% decline per year on average.
However, the risk is real that these gains will be lost if the upward trends for overweight and obesity, smoking and alcohol consumption, and under-immunization continue at the current rate.
The findings of the report will provide a clearer picture of Europeans’ experiences and health needs, and strengthen policy-making for public health. The new evidence will be at the core of the discussions next week in Rome.
A new strategy on men’s health and well-being. Although men’s lives have become longer and healthier, men still live almost 17 years less than women on average, and men’s risk of dying before the age of 45 years is five times higher in the east compared to the western part of the Region. The Committee will consider new health policies that meet men’s specific health needs and tackle widespread inequalities among and within countries.
Adoption of the Action Plan to Improve Public Health Preparedness and Response in the WHO European Region. Over 20 000 health emergencies were detected last year in the Region and 50 were verified, that is one per week. Outbreaks in other continents are no longer far away, as the risk of importation and spread is enhanced by global travel and trade. The new Action Plan seeks to accelerate the implementation of the International Health Regulations (2005), a key tool in being collectively prepared to respond and ensure that 1 billion more people globally are better protected from health emergencies by 2023.
Vaccine-preventable diseases and immunization. The ongoing measles outbreak, which has resulted in over 41 000 infections and 37 deaths across the Region in the first six months of this year, reinforces the need for governments to implement immediate, broad, context-appropriate measures to stop further spread of vaccine-preventable diseases and progress towards the elimination of this virulent disease, as committed to in the European Vaccine Action Plan.
Vector-borne diseases. Diseases transmitted by mosquitos and ticks are emerging as a major public health threat to European countries due to globalization, the increasing volume and pace of travel and trade, and weather patterns. West Nile virus infections are spiking in southern and central Europe. Countries will assess their implementation of measures in this area.
Health financing. Up to 8% of households in the Region cannot afford to pay for basic needs – food, rent and utility bills – after paying out of pocket for health care. Every country should keep these out-of-pocket payments under 15% of total spending on health. The delegates will look at new evidence on financial protection in European health systems.
The agenda also includes other issues of importance to the whole Region, such as migration and health, sustainable urban transport, vector-borne diseases and others.
“The decisions that will be taken at the Regional Committee meeting in Rome will help us streamline our efforts to work smarter, for quicker results. They will support the Region’s ministers of health in stepping up their work with the highest levels of government, and with all our other partners to ensure that health is firmly placed high on political agendas,” says Dr Jakab.
Key findings for Italy
The latest European Health Report shows that Italy is taking promising strides towards meeting key national and European Health 2020 targets. Life expectancy at birth in Italy is the second highest among European Union (EU) countries, and two thirds of the Italian population report being in good health.
Italian adults’ efforts to limit the negative impact of smoking, alcohol consumption and overweight and obesity are encouraging, resulting in some of the most positive health outcomes across the European Region. However, the outcomes for many adolescent are far less encouraging and, if left unchecked, may halt or even reverse progress in the future. In particular:
- While the rate of smoking adults has decreased to slightly below the EU average, the smoking rates among adolescents are the highest in the EU.
- One in five Italian adults are obese; but 26% of 15-year-old boys are overweight or obese.
More remains to be done in the area of communicable diseases:
- Italy reports some of the highest levels of antibiotic resistance in the EU.
- Vaccination coverage is below the target of 95% set by WHO guidelines. So far in 2018, Italy has reported over 2000 measles cases and 4 deaths.
WHO will continue working together with the Italian and all European governments to help them steer a course towards better health for their entire population.


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Pseudoaneurysm complicating right ventricle–to–pulmonary artery conduit surgery: Incidence and risk factors
Although pseudoaneurysm is an uncommon complication after right ventricle–to–pulmonary artery conduit placement, it has the potential to cause significant morbidity and mortality.Methods:
We performed a review of patients with pseudoaneurysms diagnosed at our institution in a 20-year period (from 1995 through 2015) and compared their clinical characteristics with a group of age- and sex-matched control patients.Results:
We found that younger age, smaller size, the diagnosis of tetralogy of Fallot, the use of a pulmonary homograft conduit, the presence of an unrestrictive ventricular septal defect after conduit placement, and having at least systemic right ventricular pressure were all more common in patients who had pseudoaneurysms develop.Conclusions:
This study is unique in identifying both patient and surgical factors that may predispose to pseudoaneurysm development and can help inform optimal strategies to monitor and evaluate this patient population.


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Spooky fun for children
10:43am Friday 25th October 2013 in News
A FREE spooky celebration is taking place in Colchester.
Owners of Enchanted, in Museum Street, are putting on a fancy dress competition, party games and a ghost trail to celebrate Halloween.
Jennifer Mawson, owner, said she had heard of plenty of events in Colchester but wanted to offer a free one for everyone.
It takes place at the shop tomorrow from 3pm to 5pm.
All are welcome.
Comments are closed on this article.


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The Aztec camp rug is perfect all year round, whether you’re camping, at home or on a picnic.
Featuring rich earth tones and a geometric design, this hand woven rug will be your ultimate companion for your next adventure or for everyday use. Each Aztec camp rug is lovingly hand woven and includes a leather and brass carrier, which simply slings over your shoulder or chest. Suitable for up to 4 people, unlatch your buckles, roll out the Aztec and enjoy the serenity in style. Limited edition.


text: This is really a fun necklace a nice long length 28 and then a three inch drop with a big yellow crystal. There is a knot between each glass bead. This would be a nice necklace with the long dresses. There are different beads making a lovely necklace. For you from Kansas!!

domain: design


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DIY This Easy Gatsby-Inspired Nail Design
From the amazing soundtrack to the designer costumes, there's plenty of Jazz Age inspiration from The Great Gatsby, and I turned to the art deco style of the period for this striking nail design. This look is surprisingly easy to DIY; all you need are scissors, tape, and black and gold polish.
First, I applied two coats of Nails Inc. Black Taxi ($10) over my base coat. Once my nails were dry, I started cutting pieces of tape into small triangles to form the angular design. (You can see how the technique works from this starburst nail art tutorial.) I placed the cut pieces of tape onto the parts of my nail that I wanted to stay black, using three pieces of tape per nail to create four gold points shooting out from the base of my nail. Once the tape was laid down, I went over my nails with the gold-toned Deborah Lippmann Nefertiti ($19). I made sure to rip the tape off right after, or else you won't get crisp lines as the polish dries. Next, I added a little flapper flair with the glittering Deborah Lippmann Boom Boom Pow ($20) on top of the gold polish. Seal everything in with your favorite top coat, throw on a sparkling headband, and you're ready to hit a Gatsby party.


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Triangles of Fire
A detailed and comprehensive study of the Great Invocation – a world prayer of dynamic proportions. Clear directions and reasons for reciting The Great Invocation and for the creation of triangles are given.
Damage: Small tear on book spine causing pages to be crinkled.
1597 in stock
A detailed and comprehensive study of The Great Invocation, a world prayer of dynamic proportions.
The Great Invocation is one of the most beautiful and important prayers given to humantiy at the close of World War II. It was released through the writings of Alice A. Bailey in three successive versions, culminating in the final version in 1946.
It has many mystical purposes, one of which is to anchor, through human invocation, the healing powers of God’s Love, Light, and Spiritual Will on Earth and defeat the forces of darkenss. In reciting this prayer, every human being becomes a part of the Divine forces of our planet and anchors within his or her subtle centers the same light, love, and spiritual will.
It is a prayer that is recited by millions of people, in many languages, all over the world every hour of the day. It has many levels of meaning that is imbedded in the use of words, its numerology, and in its particular parts of speech.
It is a prayer of ancient origin that is recited by the Christ every day.
Torkom explains what the prayer means, verse by verse, and explains why it is said and how to construct the triangles of fire. He also explains why to recite the Invocation in its original version and why to keep its rhythm intact. For example, he explains why to keep the word Christ in the Invocation by explaining the meaning of “Christ” that is not limited to the Christian religion.
A triangle consists of three people (not necessarily at the same physical location) who, at an appointed time, say “The Great Invocation”.
We recommend that the Great Invocation is always recited in its original version wherein the power and majesty of the mantram is most present and contained. Recite this mantram any time you need healing and comfort. If you pray for healing for someone else, use this prayer and send the person the energies of Divine love, light, and power. you cannot go wrong reciting this prayer at any time that you need to make a link with the spiritual powers of the Great Ones.
Damage: Small tear on book bind causing section of pages to be crinkled.
|9 × 6 × 0.5 in
Incomparable in detail, breadth, and depth about the subject of spiritual discipleship. All the theories and teachings about being a disciple are taken and structured into a step-by-step workbook about how to achieve mastery and true discipleship. A deep
Written in verse form, an excellent book for meditation and contemplative study of the teachings of Lord Buddha.
A beautifully written book on the deeper, esoteric meaning of the life and Teachings of Christ.


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Discovering that a healthy lifestyle is created by the food we eat and how it affects our mind, emotions and body has been truly amazing. My studies at the Institute of Integral Nutrition in New York taught me, and more importantly, I learned that holistic nutrition is essential for caring for food - not just the body - but also our mind and spirit.
The practice of yoga has had an importance of gigantic magnitude in my path; And just as holistic nutrition is basic to my daily practice. Both disciplines have given me the possibility to be more flexible, to flow with life, to become more tolerant, to know my body, my mind and my spirit, and now give me the possibility of sharing this lifestyle with you.
My inner journey gave me the perfect opportunity to know who I am and be aligned with my essence; Then it was possible to realize that all the answers you are looking for are within you. In those moments you connect with your self and you feel how everything begins to flow. And yoga is that: a union between movement and breathing, union of body, mind and spirit.
When you are really present in your body and achieve a deep release and rest at the mental level you achieve one of the most important qualities: Living in the now and enjoying the gifts that life brings us, even in those moments when we think that everything is out of control. These are opportunities for change, for learning. Remember that we all have our own learning pace and timing to integrate our lessons. We have nothing to achieve but to be. Balance and harmony are the way and not the final goal. Get up! Do everything that makes you happy. The best moments of our life occur when we share; Giving love, discovering, exploring, connecting and learning.
When you stop doing that, and everything in your life becomes a responsibility and a duty; is not as fun.

domain: psychology


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We hope that you are enjoying flying the demo of 'Rise of Flight: The First Great Air War' and by simply upgrading your demo-account to that of a full account, you will get access to all the game's features!
1.To upgrade your demo-account, please click the 'Buy' button that you will find on our online store page. After receiving confirmation of your payment, your demo-account will be automatically upgraded to a full game account.
Please bear this in mind: you do not need to download and install the game again, and you do not need to register on the website again. Your demo download is the full game and when you purchase the game you unlock access to all the game's features.
- 2.If you have been playing the demo and have now purchased the game then simply start the game as usual, and in the Logon screen please use the same email address and the same password that you have been using for demo access.


Friends of Padre Steve’s World,
I am continuing to go back deep into the archives to re-publish articles about warships which helped change history. As I mentioned, the last few days have been very busy and I am doing some things to assist co-workers after a traumatic event at work, and to continue working on my Civil War texts. This article deals with the U-Boat Type XXI which was the harbinger of the modern submarines that ply the depths of the oceans today. I do hope that you enjoy.
Throughout history there have been ships that have changed the course of Naval strategy and made previous types of ships obsolete overnight, the USS Monitor, the HMS Dreadnought and USS Nautilus are three, but add to the list the German Type XXI U-Boats which forever changed the way that submarines were built around the world.
The Type XXI was designed in 1943 in order to regain the initiative and thereby reassert German naval power in the Atlantic in order to turn the tide against the Allies. By 1943 the Allies had turned the tide against the Germans as the Type VII and Type IX U-Boats took heavy losses against naval units and convoys which now had air support at every stage of their trek across the North Atlantic. These boats had to surface for prolonged periods in order to recharge their batteries and had limited range, speed and endurance when submerged. The advent of the Escort Carrier, long range patrol bombers and hunter killer groups of Destroyers and the new Destroyer Escorts took a great toll on the U-Boat Force.
U-3008 in U.S. Navy Service
In order to meet the challenge the Germans opted for new technology based on the high speed hydrogen powered Walter turbines for underwater operations. Since these turbines which could produce a high underwater speed had a short endurance the designers modified the design to use conventional diesels but equip the boats with batteries that had three times the capacity of previous boats. The boats were a radical change from all previous submarine designs which were basically surface ships with the ability to operate underwater for limited periods of time. The Type XXIs were really the first true submarines. They could operate at underwater speeds that were faster than many of their opponents, had a streamlined design which facilitated higher submerged speed of 18 knots and silent running making them very difficult to track. They could remain underwater for 11 days while only needing 5 hours to recharge their batteries when using the schnorkel device.
The Wilhelm Bauer the former U-2540 in 1960
The Type XXI had a full streamlined hull and conning tower and even equipment which were externally mounted such as the radio antennae, hydrophones, DF Ring and forward planes were fully retractable. They had no deck guns and their twin 20mm flak guns mounted in a streamlined housing on the conning tower. The German designers eliminated the traditional open bridge in favor of three small openings for the watch officer and 2 lookouts. They had a superior silent running ability and at 15 knots were quieter than the US Navy Balao Class doing 8 knots. They had a 1 inch thick steel aluminum alloy pressure hull with a designed crush depth of 280 meters (919 feet), a greater designed crush depth than any previous submarine.
They incorporated other innovations which would be incorporated into the post-war submarines of the victorious Allied powers. Among these innovations were semi-automatic hydraulic torpedo reload system which allowed three 6 torpedo salvos to be fired in less than 20 minutes where prior U-Boats had manual reloads and took over 10 minutes to reload a single torpedo. To make the fullest use of this capability the German equipped the boats with an advanced passive and active sonar system called the called Gruppenhorchgerät and Unterwasser-Ortungsgerät NIBELUNG mounted in the bow. The improved passive system enabled the boats to close to where they could emit short active sonar bursts to fix the target location. They could fire from a depth of 160 feet. The torpedoes themselves were an advanced design called the LUT or Lageunabhängiger Torpedo. The LUT was a guided torpedo that could be fired from the U-Boat regardless of the target’s bearing as it was programmed to steer an interception course programmed by the torpedo computer.
Submarines influenced by the Type XXI:
USS Gudgeon a Tang Class submarine
Polish Submarine ORP Orzel a WHISKEY Type Submarine
USS Nautilus on trials
The Type XXI boats were unique in production as they had no prototype and went directly in production. They were assembled from prefabricated sections built from factories around Germany and transported to the major shipbuilding yards. This was efficient but caused problems that slowed final assembly as many of the factories had no experience building U-Boats and quality suffered because the exacting specifications required by the Kriegsmarine. Likewise Allied air strikes on German factories and rail networks hampered production. Yet even in spite of these difficulties 119 Boats were completed although only four were rated as combat ready and only two were fully operational at war’s end. Of these only one embarked on a war patrol. Most were destroyed in air attacks while in port or scuttled by the Germans to prevent their capture. Eight Type XXIs were taken over by Allied navies at the end of the war where they were used to evaluate technology for use in future submarines. The U.S. Navy Tang Class boats were heavily influenced by the Type XXI as were the GUPPY upgrades to Balao and Tench class boats. The first nuclear submarines of the U.S. Navy, the Nautilus, Seawolf and the Skate Classes all incorporated design features of the Type XXIs. The Soviet Union developed its 613 and 614 project submarines which became the type known by NATO as the WHISKEY class from the Type XXIs that they received following Germany’s surrender. In 1957 the Federal Republic of Germany raised the scuttled U-2540 and commissioned her as the research submarine Wilhelm Bauer. That boat was operated by both the Bundesmarine and civilian crews until her decommissioning in 1982. She is now a museum ship open to the public in Bremerhaven.
The Type XXIs were the first true submarines and influenced every submarine constructed since. Though introduced too late in the war to make a difference they were truly a wonder-weapon.