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The large plot twist is that multiple feedback have voiced out that this may not be the doing of Jungkook’s akgaes, but of different members’ akgaes trying to create a bad image for Jungkook’s followers. As the inner fight between the akgaes grows, those who’re actually victims are the great followers who simply love the entire group for who they’re. This isn’t confirmation of something, in fact, but we will see why followers on social media are speculating about this potential couple — they’d be SO cute collectively.
More recently, there have been claims that she was seen with BTS‘s V on Jeju Island, which sparked dating rumors. Some speculated that their romantic relationship might be genuine as a result of Jennie and YG Entertainment never denied her relationship rumors with V. On Jan. 10, rumors saying that BLACKPINK Jisoo and SEVENTEEN Joshua had dated up to now circulated on-line. This rumor began after a Chinese netizen shared a submit on Weibo that contained the beginning of the love story between the two idols. Korean netizens discussed on group posts that the stylist has been hinting at her relationship with Vernon for a while. She was requested if she is dating anyone in a Q&A and she answered positively with an image of a teddy bear.
Read extra: blackpink lisa relationship 2022 – the reality behind her dating rumors with bts jungkook
At the time, Syd and Glen had been in Australia for several months, filming their upcoming rom-com. On-set pictures and behind-the-scenes videos between the 2 co-stars appeared very intimate, and fans couldn’t help however speculate that they took their movie chemistry off-screen. Despite PRISTIN disbanding over a yr in the past, social media has just lately been abuzz with numerous rumors surrounding the members—especially Kyla, the group’s Korean-American former lead rapper and maknae. On August 13, the former idol took to Twitter to handle all the speculation surrounding PRISTIN relationship rumors, why she this article left the group, and more. Since 2019, the courting rumors between SEVENTEEN Jeonghan and former GFRIEND Sowon have been a sizzling topic amongst fans and netizens.
You may additionally be interested in: blackpink jennie relationship 2022 – is she courting bigbang’s g-dragon?
The three are reportedly good associates and are all on friendly phrases with each other. Anyone who frequented Tumblr in 2014 is conscious of that there has lengthy been a rumored flirtation between Taylor Swift and The 1975 frontman, Matty Healy. As reported by The Sun this week, the two are now newly “relationship,” and apparently expected to “go public” with their relationship quickly. However, Madix says her boyfriend could not get a journey house immediately. “If disparaging stuff is being said about me I would hope that it wouldn’t come from you,” she says.
Now, Kyla has revealed that she left PRISTIN due to a head injury—specifically, a concussion. Back in October 2017, Pledis Entertainment issued a statement telling followers that 15-year-old Kyla had returned to the United States to receive medical remedy. According to her statement, Kyla’s doctor in the united states told her that continuing with promotions while injured would have lead to permanent brain harm.
The first Monday in May has formally arrived, and celebs have pulled out all the stops for style’s largest night out. As most seem to nonetheless be “so surprised” and “not capable of believe” the rumors, others are additionally “not fully” satisfied that they’re really true, even regardless of footage of Healy at Swift’s Nashville present. During the celebration, Madix referred to as her boyfriend to let him know that her grandmother had just died. Kent suggests that Sandoval ought to’ve rushed home however remarks that he stayed there for two extra hours after Madix referred to as him. When the glamping trip is over, Madix confronts Maloney about her function in probably spreading rumors about her and Tom having an open relationship.
At the time, DIA Chaeyeon and SEVENTEEN Mingyu made a publish to celebrate their first anniversary as the host of SBS’ “Inkigayo.” Mingyu left a comment underneath Chaeyeon’s publish, and the female idol did the same factor. Netizens noticed this and admired their continued friendship, visuals and amazing chemistry. Before turning into an actress, Jang Mi was knowledgeable dancer who danced alongside idols during their stages. Obviously, Selena and Chris have not commented on if she’s in the video, however the fan may be on to something. The OMITB star lately debuted a brunette bob minimize on TikTok, so it is according to the alleged reflection. Should we begin planning out lovable couple names, or ought to we chill?

domain: celebrity


Unclaimed Money San Diego: According to the La Jolla Light, the San Diego Department of Finance reported approximately $840,000 in unclaimed funds as of May 23. This money can be returned to residents and businesses across the county.
Most often, a city may owe cash to local residents or businesses because they have overpaid local taxes and utilities.
You can find a complete list of individuals and entities the city owes on San Diego’s website. It includes everyone from Escondido up to La Jolla. The list is free to search, and you can see if there is any owed money.
However, it might not be a considerable sum of money. The city owes San Diego one person about $100,000. However, other people on this list owe as little as $1.
San Diego also owes money to a few high-profile organizations. Ace Parking, for example, has $2,000 in cash awaiting collection. California Department of Fish and Wildlife holds approximately $2,406. The Solana Beach Fire Department owes $6,100
Individuals and businesses in San Diego County can claim money owed before April 1, 2021, or until the June deadline. Residents have until Monday, June 20, to file a claim before any unclaimed cash is returned to the general fund.
The city issues a check to any person or business that has overpaid. The city will send the bill to the person or entity who overpaid.
However, not everyone files a claim. Only 42% of the unclaimed money was returned in 2021.
You can file a claim if San Diego owes money by filling out the form on the city website and sending it to the Department of Finance at the following address.
Department of Finance, City of San Diego
Processing of Unclaimed Monies Claim
202 C Street, 7th Floor – MS 7A
San Diego, CA 92101-4806
About Mike Peterson: Mike Peterson, a freelance journalist and writer is based in North San Diego County. He has worked and written for many local media outlets, including the San Diego Union-Tribune and the North Coast Current.


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Why we prefer Silicon over Germinium?
There are several reasons Silicon has become the preferred semiconductor in the present, over Germanium.
First reason is that Si forms on its surface very easily a thin layer of SiO2 which is a very good insulator and which technologically can be very easily processed. This layer of oxide is very useful to form the gates of MOSFET transistors (it is situated between the gate and the channel). Also this layer is very useful when one wants to form the junctions in a transistor because it acts as a masking layer that prevents the diffusion of the dopants in the regions it protects. In contrast Ge does not form this oxide layer on its surface so easily and the technology to obtain the germanium devices is much complicated.
Second reason is that Si has a larger band-gap (0.7 eV) than Ge (0.2 eV) and because of this, the phenomena of thermal pair generation is smaller in Si than in Ge. This means that at the same temperature the noise of the Si devices is smaller than the noise of Ge devices and also that the reverse current of a p-n junction is smaller for Si than for Ge.
Third reason is that Si is widely encountered in nature in the form of sand, from which it is extracted by reduction with carbon. In contrast Ge is not so easily found in nature, and when found is encountered only in chemical compounds that it forms because of its high reactivity.
However, Ge has one major advantage over Si. Ge has higher electron and hole mobilities and because of this Ge devices can function up to a higher frequency than Si devices.

domain: chemistry


text:
Sense and Sensibility
by Jane Austen
(Excerpted from The Jane Austen Book Club)
Sense and Sensibility was written in the late 1790s but much revised before publication in 1811. It is primarily the story of two sisters, Elinor and Marianne Dashwood. The death of their father has left them, with their mother and younger sister, financially pressed. Both women fall in love, each in her own characteristic way --- Marianne is extravagant and public with her emotions, Elinor restrained and decorous.
The object of Elinor's interest is Edward Ferrars, brother to Fanny Dashwood, her odious, stingy sister-in-law. Elinor learns that Edward has been for some time secretly, unhappily, and inextricably engaged to a young woman named Lucy Steele. She learns this from Lucy, who, aware of Elinor's interest though pretending not to be, chooses Elinor as her special confidante.
Marianne hopes to marry John Willoughby, the book's only sexy man. He deserts her for a financially advantageous match. The Surprise and disappointment of this sends Marianne into a dangerous decline.
When Lucy Steele jilts Edward for his brother Robert, Edward is finally free to marry Elinor. Edward seems quite dull but at least her own choice. Marianne marries Colonel Brandon, the dull man Elinor and her mother have picked out for her.
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1. As the title suggests, Sense and Sensibility is, in some ways, a debate about the principles of rationalism, represented by Elinor Dashwood, and those of Romanticism, represented by her sister Marianne.
Few Austen heroines are set up so approvingly as Elinor is. Yet novelist David Gates has described her as "ambivalent a heroine as Mansfield Park's notoriously hard-to-warm-up-to Fanny Price."
Why would he say such a thing?
2. And what about Marianne?
3. One of the tenets of Romanticism is that instinct and emotion are better moral guides than reason. At one point in the book, Marianne tells Elinor that if she (Marianne) were doing anything wrong, she (Marianne) would know it.
Do people usually know when they're doing something wrong?
Do you think Austen thinks so?
Does Marianne do anything wrong?
4. A turn of the century review describes Mrs. Jennings as a character it is "equally delightful to have met on paper and not to have met in the flesh." Why is it delightful to spend time reading about a character who would be tedious in person?
Might a character be every bit as tedious on paper as in person? Can you think of examples?
5. Think for a moment about the scene in which Lucy tells Elinor about her secret engagement to Edward. It is a scene full of secrets.
The conversation takes place in whispers so as to be kept secret from everyone else in the room.
Ostensibly Lucy is confiding a secret. But she is simultaneously keeping one, in that she knows Elinor is a rival and wishes to warn her off without appearing to do so.
Elinor is keeping from Lucy the secret of her own painful feelings.
She will keep Lucy's secret a secret, though doing so prevents her from being open with anyone. Elinor spends much of the book utterly isolated by this secret.
Sometimes it seems that everyone in Sense and Sensibility has a secret. Make a list.
6. Although the women are beautifully delineated, Sense and Sensibility's leading men remain somewhat shadowy. "For my money Edward is the least likable of Austen's heroes," David Gates has said, "while his opposite number, Willoughby, is the most sympathetic of Austen's libertines." Discuss.
7. Why doesn't Colonel Brandon fall in love with Elinor?
8. Critic William H. Galperin does not like Colonel Brandon. He has characterized Brandon's pursuit of Marianne as "insistent, if sinister."
As one part of his case against Brandon, he refers to two points in Willoughby's final conversation with Elinor in which anonymous informants figure. "Mrs. Smith had somehow or other been informed" Willoughby says, of his affair with Eliza, and later "some vague report" of Marianne reaches his fiancée. William H. Galperin has argued that this unnamed informant can only be Colonel Brandon.
Is it possible that Colonel Brandon is, in fact, the evil mastermind behind the entire
Did you suspect as much?
9. Elinor considers Lucy's marriage to Robert Ferrars as "extraordinary and unaccountable," "completely a puzzle." Is it completely a puzzle to you as well?
10. Willoughby's final confession to Elinor is one of the books more unsettling and unexpected scenes. It allows us in some part (how much?) to forgive and pity him. It reminds us that he is the only sexy man in the book. It reminds us that Marianne once wanted a marriage in the Romantic tradition and has got a rational one instead. How do you feel about that?
Does Sense and Sensibility have a happy ending?
Why does Lucy get to be happier than Willoughby?
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"These modern editions are to be strongly recommended for their scrupulous texts, informative notes and helpful introductions."
Brian Southam, the Jane Austen Society

domain: literature


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Nirmal Singh 3C recognizes that the technology is evolving at a fast pace and it taking world by storm so much so that we cannot think anything accept technology.
We cannot imagine a day without internet. Even if we have our smartphones with us, we need the internet whole day.
Nirmal Singh 3C finds that we are so much dependent on our mobile phones now that we tend to feel panic if we do not use our phone, or if there is no battery and there is no charger available for quick solution.
Seeing the over dependence on mobile phone and technology, the researchers have come up with a new term known as “nomophobia”, which a sort of a panicking stage, that increases our heart rate, anxiety, blood pressure, and unpleasant feelings.
To be precise, “Nomophobia” is an anxiety that surmounts only if we get separated from our smartphone. It is a feeling of a discomfort, anxiety caused due to not having a smartphone in your hand. This problem basically persists due to the habitual dependency on mobile phones, and of course, virtual communications.
Nirmal Singh 3C would further like to mention that people capture personal memories on their smartphones which emotionally connects the users to their devices.
“When users perceive smartphones as their extended selves, they are more likely to get attached to the devices, which, in turn, leads to nomophobia by heightening the phone proximity-seeking tendency,” said Seunghee Han, doctoral student at the Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul.
While we have discovered a number of positive aspects in smartphones, it has several drawbacks too such as: overuse, dependence, and addiction.
As a result separation from smartphones is found to cause increases in heart rate, anxiety, blood pressure, and unpleasant feelings, the study published in the journal Cyberpsychology, Behaviour and Social Networking, revealed.
Corroborating the dependency on the technology, Nirmal Singh 3C would like to quote Brenda K. Wiederhold, from Interactive Media Institute, California, who said “Nomophobia, fear of missing out (FoMo), and fear of being offline (FoBo) – all anxieties born of our new high-tech lifestyles – may be treated similarly to other more traditional phobias.”
“Turning off technology periodically, can teach individuals to reduce anxiety and become comfortable with periods of disconnectedness,” Wiederhold added.

domain: psychology


text:
The Bilderberg Group’s Steering Committee met on November 13-14, 2012 for the 61th working session of the world’s most exclusive club, during the Rome Film Festival at Hotel de Russie, hoping to blend in with celebrities, fans, reporters, and movie directors, hidden in plain view, to discuss the fate of the EU, Italy, Greece, and Spain.
Forgoing the rental of an entire hotel and the secrecy surrounding previous meetings, the 80 people in attendance spent, according to the Italian daily newspapers, Il Vostro (http://www.ilvostro.it/economia-e-lavoro/il-club-bilderberg-a-roma-per-commissariare-litalia/58693/) and InvestireOggi (http://www.investireoggi.it/attualita/che-ci-fa-il-club-bilderberg-a-roma-alcune-strane-coincidenze/), 100,000 euros, a pricey sum considering that ordinary citizens of the 27-member union were asked to make deep cuts in their welfare state driven budgets.
The Bilderberg attendees included a long list of Italian CEOs, Mario Monti, the Italian Prime Minister, cabinet members, Italian bankers, Mario Draghi, the European Central Bank president, the owner or RAI, Tom Enders of Eads, Marcus Agius of Barclays, Kenneth Jacobs of Lazard, Edmund Clark of Td Bank, and the chairman of Alcoa and of Shell.
Spain, Italy, and Greece have protested vehemently over the required austerity measures which citizens were unwilling to accept – they strongly believed that the crisis was engineering by the very people who were now “concerned” with resolving it.
Additionally, once citizens became dependent on the welfare state, mentality, and largesse, it was much harder to become self-sufficient. When the free money and entitlements were scaled back and financial responsibility was required in order to pay for banks that gambled with derivatives but were unwilling to write off the resulting losses, the masses protested vehemently and even violently.
The blame game was exacerbated by the British weekly, the Economist, after its 14 page report called France’s economy a “ticking time bomb and the biggest threat to the euro currency’s stability.” The French called the photograph headlining the article, a bundle of French baguettes tied with a lit fuse and the French flag, inflammatory and “French bashing.” The Economist had accused the French voters in March of being in “denial,” calling President Francois Hollande “dangerous” for Europe. (France 24)
As a strategic member of the Eurozone, France is a threat to EU because of its large public sector that encompasses 57 percent of GDP. The socialist president Francois Hollande was elected on the promise of 75 percent income tax on the rich, higher taxes on companies, wealth, capital gains, and dividends, a higher minimum wage, more entitlements, and the rollback of the Sarkozy measure to increase the retirement age.
Politicians/oligarchs spent huge sums to control the Eurozone. German industry in general and its exports profited from the initial EU conglomeration. After Germany gave over one trillion euros in bailouts to Italy, Spain, and Greece, Germany’s economic growth slowed down, even in rich parts of Germany like Mainz and the industrialized Rhineland.
Germany’s economy has been successful when compared to the Eurozone. When compared to the period when the currency was the German mark or when compared to other non-EU countries, it has been a failure. (http://www.freenations.freeuk.com/news-2012-11-12.html)
According to Rodney Atkinson, “Germany’s success in productivity is ironically due not to GDP per capita growth but to wages falling relative to production.” Thus Germany was “left with poor consumers at home and poor consumers abroad who cannot afford to pay their debts to Germany.” Chancellor Angela Merkel urged German companies to give their employees higher wage increases in 2012. “Prosperous Bavaria is challenging in court a fiscal balancing system that makes it hand over some revenue to poorer federal states.” (Reuters, October 15, 2012)
The fiscal engineering is not a surprise. Socialist states promote re-distribution of wealth and progressives endorse taxing the rich excessively in order to “even-out the playing field” in the name of social justice. If we were to confiscate the entire accumulated wealth of every rich person in this country, it would last perhaps, at the current rate of government spending, less than two months.
The permanent euro bailout, the European Stability Mechanism, has been challenged in Constitutional Court by 37,000 Germans, the largest Constitutional complaint in German history, but the oligarchs prevailed. The European Central Bank (ECB) decided in September that it would purchase unlimited quantities of sovereign bonds from EU countries in crisis. ECB will link its market interventions to ESM, applying strict austerity criteria to any country that seeks aid. National parliaments will have no control over the unlimited hyper bailout fund, making them irrelevant. (Phillip Wittrock)
The Catalan-speaking Catalonia, a wealthier region in Spain with high-tech industries and productive farming, paying the lion’s share in taxes to Madrid, while getting less revenue when its own finances are overstretched, resents having to pay for poor areas such as Spanish-speaking Andalucia. Similarly, Dutch-speaking Flanders resents paying for French-speaking Wallonia. (Paul Taylor and Robert-Jan Bartunek, October 15, 2012)
Heather Grabbe, the Brussels director for the Open Society Institute, explains the separatist move among many states and countries as not correlated to money but an expression of “historical grievances and language.” (Steven Erlanger, The New York Times, Europe’s Richer Regions Want Out, October 6, 2012)
Could it be that rich and productive countries are tired of subsidizing social welfare, re-distribution of wealth schemes, failed multiculturalism, and sloth?
Mariano Rajoy, the Spanish Prime Minister, warned separatist regions that opting for independence will mean being shut out of EU – new member states admission requires unanimous agreement. With unemployment at 25 percent in Spain, 6 of its 17 regions asked the central government for a bailout. Creating jobs and improving economic growth can only happen by the existence of the private sector and economic activity of citizens who pay taxes to the government.
To say that people in Spain or Italy do not like to pay taxes, it is an understatement. According to the Tax Research Institute in the U.K., 22.5 percent of GDP in Spain comes from work off the books. As fewer people are paying taxes in the underground economy, the state debt gets larger, more austerity measures are required, and fewer resources exist to jump-start the economy. (Lisa Abend, Time World, October 31, 2012)
Italy’s Prime Minister, Mario Monti, wants his country to be bailed out as well because he ‘fears the parliamentary democracy could bring down the European Union.” Mass demonstrations in Rome against German imposed austerity measures reflected those in Spain, France, Greece, and Portugal. There is a deep resentment against Germany’s dominance in the EU.
Nigel Farage believes EU bailouts are nothing short of subjugation of countries in financial need to the new world order. Farage describes the next phase of EU control as forcing those who “do not need or want a bailout to accept a bailout, to sign budget guarantees and to have the power to strike down national budgets after they’ve been through national parliaments.”
“I feel that the Euro zone is now in a very dark place, economically, socially, politically, and I fear for the countries trapped inside in that prison will be there for many years to come. It is against this backdrop that the Nobel Peace Prize has been awarded to the European Union.” (Nigel Farage, UK Independence Party)
Oskar Freysinger, Vice President of the Swiss People’s Party, pointed out in an interview that the European Union is imposed on nations by technocrats. He believes that EU will fail eventually because “citizens are identifying less and less with a bureaucratic anti-democratic and centralized power” like the EU.
Tony Blair thinks that the EU needs a president who can rule over a “sustainable” European integration. UN Agenda 21 is promoting everything sustainable, why not a sustainable integration under the aegis of a president elected through Europe-wide election? (The Telegraph, October 29, 2012)
The Brits are not charmed by EU since the union is costing them jobs and it aims to wipe out national borders. Brussels pays EU citizens to cross borders in order to find employment elsewhere, but it won’t pay for Brits to move within their country in search of jobs.
“A common European jobs market exports Greek and Spanish unemployed to the relatively rich north in order to bolster confidence in the Euro and keep it going until the next crisis summit.” (Tim Aker, Get Britain Out, November 1, 2012)
Rodney Atkinson has given the best and most succinct explanation in favor of the EU demise, the end of the welfare enslaving union whose ultimate goal is to gain one world government control. “The European Union is responsible for the abolition of 27 national constitutions, 27 parliaments, 17 currencies and 17 Central Banks and a record decline in the share of world trade and wealth creation attributable to its members. There are over 25 million unemployed in the European Union and it has never been so detested by those who ‘benefit’ from its institutions.” (EU Fiddles Illegal Nobel Prize, October 24, 2012)
Giving up the security of a mediocre standard of living provided by the welfare system for the insecurity of making a better living, earning it, and being proud of the accomplishments of self-reliance born by a productive citizen mentality, is easier said than done. Millions of Europeans have become accustomed to the socialist year-end bonus, the 13th salary, the six weeks paid vacations, drinking on the job, the legal difficulty of employers to fire inadequate employees, two years paid maternity leave, missing work for weeks when afflicted by a simple cold, retiring at 50 in more than 600 professions, being taken care of from cradle to grave by a state lording over its citizens, having a small state-assigned apartment, utility bills subsidies, socialized medical care, spa and massage vacations when overworked, and many, many other perks.
As Margaret Thatcher so aptly put it, “The problem with socialism is that at some point, you run out of other people’s money,” and huge national debt becomes a threat that can no longer be ignored.
Welfare dependency reduces other beneficial programs such as national defense. Europeans have become accustomed to United States protecting their continent while they are free to spend lavishly on social programs while belittling the “stupid” Americans and their efforts.
Welfare mentality has made Europeans lazier, working less hours per week than American counterparts. During frequent union strikes and demonstrations they complain that they are overworked.
Europeans and their multicultural residents have learned how to game the system to maximize benefits. Few care or take pride in earned success. Young people have no work ethic or shame that they demand more and more entitlements, expecting society to take care of all their problems while the truly helpless fall quietly through the cracks of an overburdened social welfare system.
We are not far from Europe; all you have to do is look at the liberal states that voted socialism and Santa Claus every day. The largest case study is California, the home of the deprived and proud of it – huge public sector wages, benefits that would make Europeans proud, a declining tax base as job creators and producers are moving out of state, decreased economic production, high unemployment, ever-increasing welfare enrollment from citizens and illegal aliens, higher taxes, and huge deficits. The poverty rate is 23.5 percent. Michigan, Illinois, Miami, D.C. are not far behind. Social Security was “created to prevent destitution among the elderly. It now subsidizes the comfortable” and has become an expected and entitled way of life. (Robert J. Samuelson, Welfare State, No Matter what You Call It, Is Breaking Us, November 19, 2012)
The ultimate irony of the welfare state dependency is exemplified by the pride with which the U.S. Department of Agriculture advertises the distribution this year of the greatest amount of food stamps ever to 47 million people while the National Park Service asks visitors to stop feeding the animals because they grow dependent on handouts and do not learn to care for themselves. “Social justice” and helplessness born of dependency have replaced self-reliance.
Cordt Schnibben of Der Spiegel asked in “Prison of Debt Paralyzes West,” if there is a human debt gene. The welfare state has brought western debt to unmanageable levels. Economic systems, whether capitalist or socialist, seem to be plagued by an unending crisis. Democracies can’t manage money and are resorting to printing, creating money out of thin air, incurring trillions in additional debt in order to sustain the welfare state. He said that “the introduction of the euro is nothing but the continuation of debt mania with more audacious methods. The euro countries took advantage of the favorable interest rates offered by the common currency to get into even more debt.” He believes that democracy breeds loose monetary policy, allowing too much government spending on social programs. Politicians at the municipal, state, and national levels have become utterly irresponsible in their handling of money in the pursuit of political control of the masses, offering lavish benefits to a citizenry that demands ever more in exchange for a perennial vote for the party that promises and dispenses most goodies.
The recent EU Budget Summit in Brussels failed to agree on the next seven-year budget – the “rich” and the “poor” countries disagreed on key points. The richest countries, Germany, the U.K., Denmark, Sweden, and the Netherlands decided to cut their contribution to the collective pool of welfare cash.

domain: politics


text:
An ambitious touring opera company, passionate about the interplay between music and drama that opera presents. We challenge conventions and break down barriers between performers and audiences, while maintaining exceptionally high musical standards. Performance exists in the present, and we embrace that.
Introducing opera to new audiences, through our style and literally by taking our productions to rural areas where access to live opera is scarce, offering a different experience for opera lovers, one which is intimate and relaxed, providing a platform for emerging professional talented performers, directors, designers and technical crew to gain exposure and develop their careers. And above all to change preconceived perception of opera!
The opportunity to watch and listen to opera in a stimulating environment, such as a gin distillery, a tunnel shaft, a derelict chapel, a warehouse, a familiar filming location, a once hidden Masonic temple, a theatre set within underground tunnels beneath a railway station, or amongst water wheels and steam engines…
We have also begun to develop and trial workshops in schools to accompany performances. Opportunities to provide some context to the piece, and give the students (mostly secondary age) an understanding of the process of staging an opera, but always to also then see the full piece. Allowing them to put the two experiences together to get a really powerful insight into the artform, as well as to stress the many different professional opportunities available in the industry, which can often be overlooked by young people who don’t see themselves as performers or musicians. We have so far put this into practice in the UK, but are in discussion with an international school and hope that this is the first conversation of many.
I think I can confidently say that all of our productions are a reflection of our ethos and unique approach to opera. The four things we focus on bringing together are music, text, physical performance and captions. The latter (The traditional alternative being surtitles) allows the other three elements to really live and breath. The three are such powerful storytelling tools in their own right, that even if you don’t speak the language, the music takes you on a journey and the singer’s portrayal of the character, and their interpretation and delivery of the text tells the audience an enormous amount. Rather than distracting away from this with a constantly running direct translation, we project captions just regularly enough to assist the story and complement rather than compete. In a comedy these can almost take on their own voice and don’t need to be an exact translation, they paraphrase, draw contemporary parallels, comment and occasionally provide the opportunity for some gentle irreverence.
We work internationally in two ways: touring our small-scale productions abroad, and taking the approach we do in the UK to adapt in each venue we go into. We work with a translator in advance, to ensure the nuances and humour in our captions has been maintained in the translation.
We have also collaborated with an opera house in Norway, Kilden Teater og Konserthus, to create a production on a much larger scale. We brought our artistic teams together to produce a hugely exciting and dynamic production of Le nozze di Figaro. For this production we upscaled from our usual touring productions but preserved our own particular style and ethos in order to help bring in a new and younger audience. Our performers, stage director, musical director and captions writer/designer worked with Kilden’s orchestra, set designer, costume designer, lighting designer and backstage team.
We would really like to build on both of our international models, as they have proved exciting, stimulating and enormously fruitful creatively. They have been hugely rewarding both from the perspective of those involved, as well as for audiences. We hope that the fantastic, diverse RESEO community will be somewhere to begin new conversations, to share ideas and develop on these successful precedents for collaborating across boarders in the mission to, put so well by RESEO, widen access, awaken curiosity, and create a connection with opera for everyone!
Find our more about PopUp Opera: www.popupopera.co.uk
Photos © Robert Workman and Joe Okpako

domain: artistic


text:
The Classic Essentials
- A box including all the essentials of Oliviers & Co with 6% OFF
- To discover and share quality products
- Perfect for everyday cooking
- + 6% OFF the Essentials Box
Give the Oliviers&Co Essentials, which consists of a selection of the most popular products by our customers and essential in any kitchen. An ideal and useful gift to discover our products.
This wonderful Gift Box is made with:
- 1 Premium Balsamic vinegar of Modena 8.4 Fl Oz
- 1 Basil and Olive Oil 8.4 Fl Oz
- 1 Classic Everyday Olive Oil 25.3 Fl Oz
- 1 Black Olive Tapenade
- 1 salt and herbs Mix for pasta and salad
- 2 tins pourers
Premium Balsamic Vinegar: Everything! Mesclun salads, grilled shrimp, grilled asparagus, steamed vegetables, grilled meats, as a glaze, and terrific on strawberries, vanilla gelato or both together!
Everyday Classic Olive Oil: deal for seasoning or marinade, and even for cooking or frying due to a high smoke point of 410°C.. A classic pairing with our Premium Balsamic Vinegar of Modena.
Basil Olive Oil: Drizzled over a fresh Caprese salad, pasta, any tomato based dish, or terrific as a base for sorbet.
Black Tapenade: Serve tapenade during a cocktail party as an appetizer, try mixing in a bowl with 50% olive oil and 50% tapenade, then use as a dip for bread and fresh vegetables ciappe, tepid blini, sandwiches, Zucchinis, eggs…
Salt & Herbs Mix for Pasta and Salad: Sprinkle over pasta, salads or vegetables, use as a seasoning for pan sauces, use in vinaigrettes, or sprinkled over olive oil on bread!
+ 2 pourers for tins
Premium Balsamic Vinegar:Cooked grape must, wine vinegar. Contains: sulfites
Everyday Classic Olive Oil: 100% olives
Basil Olive Oil: Extra Virgin Olive Oil 99%, Basil 1%
Black Tapenade: Black olives 76.50%, capers, extra virgin olive oil, balsamic vinegar (wine vinegar, sulfites), cooked grape must (sulfites), color : caramel (E150d), garlic, anchovy paste (salted anchovies, sunflower oil, vinegar, spices), concentrated lemon juice, salt, ground black pepper.
Salt & Herbs Mix for Pasta and Salad: Dried sea salt, marjoram, tomato flakes, chives, onion

domain: food


The summer of 2020 — a summer of pandemic, protests, and toppled monuments — is also proving to be the season of reckoning with brand names burdened by racist or secessionist associations.
Outcry over the death of George Floyd, a Black man, during his arrest in Minneapolis prompted the Aunt Jemima, Uncle Ben's, and Eskimo Pie brands to announce that they would be changing their long-established (and long-challenged) names. The Dixie Chicks dropped "Dixie: from their band's name, and 113-year-old Dixie Beer, headquartered in New Orleans, promised to follow suit. In sports, the Washington Redskins (football) and Cleveland Indians (baseball) are "reviewing" or "discussing" changes to their team names, which have long been subjects of controversy.
It's not only upper-case names that are stirring up discussion. There's also been a push to change the names of brands and institutions that incorporate plantation — a word with a complicated history.
In late June, Governor Gina Raimondo of Rhode Island announced that her state's official name, "The State of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations," would drop its second half, which had referenced the colony founded in 1636 by Roger Williams. "We have to acknowledge our history, that's true," the governor said in a news conference, "but we can acknowledge our history without elevating a phrase that's so deeply associated with the ugliest time in our state and in our country's history."
Hundreds of miles south of Rhode Island, some Florida residents are petitioning to change the name of the city of Plantation, which was established in 1953 and took its name from an early-1900s landowner, the Everglades Plantation Company.
Elsewhere, communities, neighborhoods, and private clubs with "plantation" in their names, from Idaho to South Carolina, are undergoing scrutiny.
They're following the lead of Cornell University, which in 2016 yielded to student demands to change the name of Cornell Plantations, the college's gardens and arboretum. Ironically, when the gardens were named, in 1944, one of the founders "was essentially trying to reclaim the word from the plantation myth," a Cornell history professor told Inside Higher Education. But, he added, &"it's not really possible to do that." The gardens were renamed Cornell Botanic Gardens.
Plantation has had many meanings since the early 1400s, when it was imported from French to signify "the act of planting" or "propagation from cuttings." (It's still used in the first sense in some places. A 2004 article in the Statesman, published in India, refers to "plans for plantation of trees.") In the 16th century, a "plantation" could mean "a colony of people"; in 19th-century America, it could mean "a bed of cultivated oysters."
In the US, the primary meaning of plantation has always been "an estate where cash crops are grown on a large scale," and the word has been associated with slavery since the Colonial era. The OED's earliest citation for the "estate" sense of plantation is a 1626 document from the Virginia colony. Plantations were also established in other colonized regions, including Malaysia, South America, the Caribbean, and parts of Africa; but it was in the American South that plantation acquired its close connection with slavery as well as its anti-historical romantic overtones. "The plantation system came to dominate the culture of the South, and it was rife with inequity from the time it was established," observes a National Geographic encyclopedic entry. Plantation mentality, a phrase the OED traces back to the 1930s, came to mean, in the Caribbean and the US, an attitude of condoning racial inequality or paternalism.
In the 1950s, among African Americans in particular, plantation began to take on the metaphorical sense of "any institution regarded as exploitative or paternalistic." In his Autobiography, published in 1989, the musician Miles Davis wrote: "All the record companies were interested in at the time was making a lot of money and keeping their so-called black stars on the music plantation so that their white stars could just rip us off." Commenting on the National Football League's 2018 decision to fine players who didn't stand for the National Anthem, the African American sociologist Harry Edwards told an interviewer: "This land is not free. My people are not free. It's a carryover from 400 years of slavery and oppression. [NFL team] owners are acting like plantation owners, insisting that any act of 'rebellion' must be squelched."
Literal plantations may have disappeared with the defeat of the Confederacy, but symbolic plantation — in generic and branded forms — has insinuated itself successfully into our language. For example, plantation crepe is a spongy rubber used in shoe soles. (The name goes back to World War II.)
Or take plantation shutters, the generic term for wide-slatted louvered blinds that keep house interiors cool in hot weather. There's another, much older word for this type of product: jalousie, the French word for "jealousy." The original jalousies served as privacy screens, or, more fancifully, to shield occupants from jealous, prying eyes. "Jalousie" was the common term in mid-20th-century window-covering catalogs, but at some point it was replaced by "plantation shutter," either to simplify pronunciation or to capitalize on a latter-day nostalgia for the plantation myth. (See, for comparison, the rising popularity of plantations as wedding venues.)
Plantation is often attached to brand names that originate in the American South: I found more than 200 live trademarks for "Plantation" goods or services, including Old Plantation Apparel (based in North Carolina), Plantation Candle Company (South Carolina), Plantation Sweets (Georgia), and Recreation Plantation (Florida). But other regions have also laid claim to "plantation" in their brand names. Plimoth Plantation is a living history museum in Massachusetts; Plantation molasses is bottled in New Jersey; Plantation Hardwood Floors is in Oxnard, California.
Those names aren't changing — yet. But other "plantation" brands have acknowledged that their names are problematic and plan to change them. Here's how the owner of Plantation Rum — founded in France in 1989 — put it in late June: "We understand the hurtful connotation the word 'plantation' can evoke to some people, especially in its association with much graver images and dark realities of the past."
Or consider Sienna Plantation, Texas, now simply Sienna. The town of 25,000 had been founded on the site of slavery-era plantations; it acquired its faux-nostalgic name in the 1930s. It's now "an amazing model of diversity," the town website declares, and "removing language that could be hurtful to others" was "the right thing to do" in 2019. One year after "plantation" was dropped, Sienna's developer reported little or no opposition to the change.
Will we see more rebranding? It's certainly possible. Now that the seeds of change have been planted, other "plantation" brands may be gone with the wind.


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Thanks to the Bellevue Leader and nearly 100 fired-up taxpayers for attending our very first Strong Roots Nebraska Tax Relief Town Hall at Bellevue University. We were proud to host Senators Sue Crawford, Tommy Garrett, and Brett Lindstrom for an event on retirement income taxes. Each of the senators has worked on legislation to bring down this destructive portion of Nebraska’s high income taxes.
When it comes to tax policy, Nebraska is at a major disadvantage against most of our neighbors and the country’s fastest growing states. This quote from the article by Sen. Garrett says it all:
“All you have to do is go across that river and they don’t tax your retirement,” he said. “It doesn’t take a mathematical genius to figure out that Iowa is bending over backwards to get retired military folks into Iowa, and they’re drawing a lot of folks from Nebraska.”
As reported in the Bellevue Leader:
Jim Vokal, chief executive officer of the Platte Institute, presented a chart showing that all six states that border Nebraska offer a better deal to retirees:
South Dakota and Wyoming have no state income taxes at all, the chart showed, while Iowa exempts both military retirement income and Social Security payments. Kansas exempts military retirement income and exempts Social Security on incomes less than $75,000. Colorado grants more generous partial exemption than does Nebraska, while Missouri will fully exempt military retiree income beginning this year and exempts Social Security income on incomes less than $100,000.
“It is the belief of the Platte Institute, based on the research we have seen, that tax policy does matter when it comes to population retention,” said Vokal.

domain: news


2017 Good Quality Square Billets Forging Machine - Cooling System – Rongtai
2017 Good Quality Square Billets Forging Machine - Cooling System – Rongtai Detail:
●Fully enclosed circulation to cool off, to prevent pipeline blockage caused by debris
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●No need for pools and cooling towers, small footprint and easy to move
●High heat dissipation efficiency and low operating cost
●Closed circulating water consumption is small, in line with environmental protection and energy saving requirements.
Product detail pictures:
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Billionaire Michael Dell Backs New Call for 5G in 12GHz Spectrum
A company that traces its ownership to billionaire Michael Dell is renewing calls for the FCC to take a look at whether the 12GHz band could be used for 5G.
In doing so, Dell is making the same argument that fellow billionaire Charlie Ergen has made: That the FCC should craft new rules that would allow 5G operations in the 12GHz spectrum band.
However, so far the FCC -- the US government agency charged with managing the nation's radio frequency resources -- hasn't paid much attention to the 12GHz band and has instead focused much of its efforts lately on releasing other spectrum bands for 5G, including the C-Band that stretches from 3.7GHz to 4.2GHz.
It's unclear whether Dell's entry into the scene will change that situation -- but whatever happens, it's certainly noteworthy.
Another spectrum speculator
Dell's relatively recent entry into the 12GHz issue stems from his family's private money management firm, MSD Capital (apparently, when you're the 25th richest person in the world, as calculated by Forbes, that's the kind of stuff you have). MSD Capital, which boasts of investments in areas ranging from real estate to mixed martial arts, last year decided to back RS Access, a company formed by V. Noah Campbell. Campbell is a wireless industry entrepreneur and founder of Radio Spectrum Group. RS Access acquired 12GHz assets and spectrum leases from MDS America, which along with the likes of Dish Network and Cablevision purchased spectrum in the FCC's 12GHz MVDDS spectrum auctions in 2004 and 2005.
Like most of the rest of the MVDDS spectrum licenses that were auctioned off more than a decade ago, MDS America's spectrum licenses sat mostly unused until last year, when Campbell's RS Access began building some systems around them. He has so far deployed roughly 300 transmission sites using equipment from CBNL, and he is offering a range of services around the country including real-time video support for first-responder training, broadband connectivity at a horse farm that offers therapeutic riding for military veterans and wireless connectivity for LED billboards that allow businesses to remotely change advertising.
Campbell said that the company's operations satisfy the FCC's buildout requirements on the 12GHz spectrum licenses. The FCC often imposes buildout requirements on spectrum so that companies don't just purchase spectrum at an auction in order to sit on it and then eventually sell it for a profit -- instead, the buildout requirements are intended to encourage spectrum licensees to put spectrum to use with commercial services for actual users.
Now though, Campbell and representatives from MSD Capital are urging the FCC to have another look at the rules around operations in the 12GHz band, in order to both raise the value of their licenses and to create more opportunities in the 5G ecosystem. Last week they held meetings with representatives from all of the five commissioners at the agency, as well as officials from the FCC's wireless bureau. Specifically, Campbell and his associates are urging the FCC to consider allowing two-way operations in the 12GHz band, not just one-way broadcasts as are currently allowed, and also to increase the amount of power that 12GHz transmitters can use, which would increase the distance those signals could travel.
Importantly, Campbell explained that new rules for the 12GHz band could release up to 500MHz of prime spectrum for 5G. He said transmissions in the 12GHz band can travel around four to five miles -- much further than transmissions in the millimeter-wave spectrum bands like 24GHz and 28GHz that operators such as Verizon are using for 5G and operators such as AT&T and T-Mobile have purchased in recent FCC spectrum auctions.
Campbell added that 5G operations in the 12GHz band could also be combined with operations in other spectrum bands, such as the C-Band or CBRS band. Doing that would significantly increase the amount of data that could be handled by a network running in those spectrum bands.
Dell joins Ergen in pushing 12GHz for 5G
To be clear, this isn't the first time that a company backed by a billionaire has pushed the FCC to look at new rules for the 12GHz band that are more friendly to 5G. Back in 2016, the MVDDS 5G Coalition -- which includes Ergen's Dish Network -- made a similar plea to the FCC.
However, that effort has faced opposition from another set of big players: AT&T and OneWeb, among others. Both companies operate satellites (AT&T's DirecTV uses satellites for TV while OneWeb's growing constellation of low-Earth orbit satellites are to be used for broadband Internet) and are worried that new rules for the 12GHz band might interfere with existing satellite operations in the spectrum.
Further, Ergen's push on the issue has likely been stalled by Dish's new deal with the FCC to deploy a 5G network in other parts of its spectrum holdings as a condition of the proposed merger of Sprint and T-Mobile. That's important considering Dish owns roughly three quarters of the nation's available 12GHz spectrum licenses, while RS Access has access to around 15%.
Campbell and his associates argue that existing satellite operations don't use much of the 12GHz band, and that interference between 5G operations and satellite operations can be avoided with the kind of spectrum-sharing technology that is being put to use in the 3.5GHz CBRS band. "Enormous advances in technology coupled with evolving modes of service delivery have created tremendous new possibilities for flexible use of the 12 GHz band for mobile communications while also protecting existing satellite services," RS Access wrote of its meeting last week with FCC officials.
And in making its closing argument for the new rules, Campbell's RS Access sought to tap into the "race to 5G" slogan that a wide variety of other telecommunications companies have leveraged in their own lobbying efforts in Washington. "Given the vital interest of America's leadership in mobile broadband and the immense technological innovation in network operations in recent years, RS Access urged the Commission to consider how to put this critical 5G resource to its highest valued use," the company wrote. "The 12GHz band is 500 megahertz of contiguous mid-band spectrum that is sorely needed for 5G and can help ensure U.S. technological leadership now and in the future. Successful modernization of the 12GHz band could be the crowning achievement of the Commission’s successful 5G spectrum policy."
— Mike Dano, Editorial Director, 5G & Mobile Strategies, Light Reading | @mikeddano
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One of America's most loved telecoms get-togethers, The BIG 5G Event, will be returning to Austin in 2023 to host 1,500+ telecom, cloud and technology professionals — and we want you to be a part of it!
For three days, you can meet and network with leaders from every part of the North American 5G ecosystem and hear from over 150 speakers on the hottest industry topics. To apply for your complimentary pass to the event, visit this link.


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A photon is a particle representing a quantum of light or other electromagnetic radiation. According to Ingo D. E. Woitzel, M.D., “Photons radiate from every cell in the body. In cells affected by illness or toxins, the intensity of biophoton emissions is low. Regeneration of these darkened cells can be accomplished by administering photons from an external source, such as with the Bionic 880.”
“One of the most important scientific contributions to our world today has been the discovery of biophotons, a type of electromagnetic light (quantum mechanics) that all living organisms emit and which cells use to communicate with one another.” ~Ingo D. E. Woitzel, M.D.
Other Articles or Blogs about the Bionic 880
- The Bionic 880…The Next Great Lyme Disease Treatment?
- Bionic 880: Fact or Fiction
- BetterHealthGuy, Scott and his journey to Germany
- Bionic / Photon Therapy for Lyme Disease
- The UK Bionic 880 journey to health
Experience with the Bionic 880 in Germany
Disclaimer: As with any Lyme disease or other chronic illness treatments, there are good experiences and bad experiences. We at whatislyme.com do not promote or endorse any treatments. We are just collecting data and experiences and bringing them to you to help you start researching and educating yourself. We hope this information will help you and your medical provider find the right healing tools for you.

domain: medical


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How Much Iron Ore Does The Philippines Mine Each Year. How Much Iron Ore Does The Philippines Mine Each Year Iron ore prices 62 per cent, CFR ranged between 78dmt and 126dmt over the first half of the financial year, averaging around 95dmt.Get Price
How much iron ore does the philippines mine each year. how much iron ore does the philippines mine each year. iron ore philippines realities of mining in nueva vizcaya laid bare. philippines to ban iron ore exports for 5 yrs.May 09, 2014 For every US$10 per tonne drop in the iron ore price, the Chinese economy saves US$8.5 billion. The US$70 ore price decline since 2010 is thus saving China than US$40 billion per year.
Iron ore mining act in the philippines . iron ore mining act in the philippines iron ore mining effect in philippines Magnetite Mining in the Offshore Areas of Cagayan Kaduami''''s May 6 The Republic Act popularly known as the Philippine Mining Act of Magnetite is a magnetic and very dense heavy mineral of iron Mining is just one of the developments that have adverse.The iron ore price was around US$90 per tonne in May, and the federal budget assumed prices would decline to US$65 per tonne by March quarter 2020. Since then, the iron ore price reached as high as US$120 and, despite recent declines, is still around levels prevailing in early May.
Feb 15, 2021 But he said raising output to 330 million tonnes per year would require much bigger spending on new mine projects. The salad days in iron ore (the division delivered than 80 per.The result has seen much wider and volatile differentials between iron ore indices of different grades, and companies exposed to prices such as the high grade MBIOI 65 BZ and MBIOI CO are now calling for exchanges to list contracts settled against those indices to help manage price risk, with the basis risk to the 62 Fe financial.
Wine, cheese, meat and barley have all been caught up in trade tensions between Beijing and Canberra, but China still accounts for 80 per cent of Australia's iron ore exports. For how much longer.The iron ore mining companies have made hay as the Chinese recovery and stimulus forces the price up. One forecast says that these factors will reverse this year and impact future earnings.
Caraj s Mine, the world’s largest iron ore mine, is located in the state of Para in northern Brazil.Fully owned by Brazilian miner Vale (CVRD), it holds 7.2 billion metric tonnes of iron ore in proven and probable reserves. The Carajas region boasts the richest reserves and concentrations of iron ore anywhere in the world and was discovered entirely by accident in the late 1960s when a US.Aug 21, 2020 China imported 11.8 iron ore in the first seven months of this year as compared with the same period in 2019, Reuters calculations show. China also produced a.
Apr 25, 2017 Magnetite is composed of 72 iron, Hematite is 70 iron, Goethite is 63 iron, and Limonite is 60 iron. Leading Iron Ore Producing Countries . Much of the iron ore are in the sedimentary rocks called Banded Iron Formations (BIFs), which dates back to.The Karara mine located about 220km east of Geraldton in Western Australia holds 955 million tonnes of iron ore (36.4 Fe) and is the tenth biggest iron ore mine in the world. The mine was officially opened in April 2013 and is expected to produce than 30 million tonnes per annum of magnetite concentrate for in excess of 30 years.
Jul 28, 2011 If one examined all current iron ore projects under consideration or active developments, it is easy to see why the industry boasts of reaching a billion tonnes of exports per year by 2020.Oct 13, 2016 Those trains can be than two kilometres long, use up to three locomotives and comprise than 250 wagons. Each one can carry than 25,000 tonnes of ore. Iron ore from the Pilbara is initially hauled out of open mines in trucks that can carry than 300 tonnes. The ore is shipped from specially built ports. Iron ore a big employer.
In 2018, the value of iron ore grew by 2.3 with the volume of production rising by 4.2 compared to 2017. Prices for iron ore fluctuated considerably throughout the year, but on an average annual basis, prices in 2018 were slightly below their 2017 level.WA Iron Ore Profile – March 2017 Page 1 of 4 Release Classification Public Iron Ore Industry Profile March 2017 Western Australia Western Australia is the largest iron ore producer and exporter in the world, accounting for 37 per cent of global production and 52 per cent of global seaborne exports in 2015. The Pilbara region accounted for 94 per cent of Australia’s iron ore.
Dec 14, 2006 Iron is the primary raw material used to produce steel — itself an alloy of concentrated iron with a minute amount of carbon. Globally, steel production drives 98 per cent of the demand for iron, while electronics and non metallurgical uses drive the remaining 2 per cent.Jan 03, 2020 Based on marine sediment cores, Winckler and her colleagues have reconstructed a 500,000 year record of iron dust levels throughout the Pacific to see if—and where—notable spikes of iron.
One of the biggest mining companies operating in the Pilbara is Rio Tinto and they have been breaking their own mining records of late, as their iron ore mines continue to pump out the red dirt gold. However, BHP Billiton looks on track to exceed its iron ore export target for the 2014 financial year.“The market reacted positively even last year as news came out that it is the first ever offshore mining in the Philippines,” he said in a text message. In a disclosure last Tuesday, Apollo said that its 90.47 owned subsidiary JDVC Resources Corp. is set to begin its magnetite iron ore offshore mining in Cagayan this month after it secured.
Sep 10, 2020 The iron ore carbon intensity curve covers almost all of global seaborne supply. The assets covered account for over 34 million tonnes (Mt CO2e) of Scope 1 and 2 CO2 equivalent emissions, plus an.Iron ore is Australia’s largest source of export revenue, worth $63 billion (approximately US$45 billion) in 2017. Each year the iron ore industry generates around $5 billion in royalties for the State Government of Western Australia (depending on market prices) and major iron ore producing companies (BHP, Rio Tinto and Fortescue) pay around $3 billion in company tax each to.
This has reduced the amount of water pumped from the Parauapebas River by around 900,000 m3 per year, enough to supply a town of 25,000 people for six months. reuse Vale’s ore reuse system has so far made it possible to reprocess 5.2 million metric tonnes of ultrafine ore deposited in tailings ponds.It is only after 2005, when iron ore prices decisively moved up from the historical range of $15 $20 per tonne, that the vertically integrated steel player became competitive than the others. Logistics logic. The name of the game is as much about extracting raw material as much as it is about moving it from the mines to the plants.
Feb 14, 2021 China’s appetite for steel has surpassed 1 billion tonnes a year, but it is becoming increasingly expensive and difficult to source the most vital ingredient – iron ore – from abroad.After Chinese state owned conglomerate Citic Ltd. paid $450 million for 25 years of mining rights to the iron ore deposit at Cape Preston in 2006, it quickly turned into a money pit because of.
Exports of Iron Ore Concentrates in Australia decreased to 11380 AUD Million in February from 12197 AUD Million in January of 2021. Exports of Iron Ore Concentrates in Australia averaged 2330.45 AUD Million from 1988 until 2021, reaching an all time high of 12572 AUD Million in December of 2020 and a record low of 108 AUD Million in December of 1988.The average cash cost of Western Australia's iron ore exports in 2019 was US$29.6 t, according to the Department of Jobs, Tourism, Science and Innovation. Get the latest rural news.
Several junior iron ore miners round out the sector. In 2016 17, the volume of iron ore sales reached a record 790 million tonnes and was valued at $63.6 billion. Uses. Iron is the world’s most commonly used metal, and iron ore is a key ingredient for steel making. To produce 1,000 kilograms of crude steel requires about 1,400 kilograms of.The main ingredient in the production of steel is iron ore mined from Earth. Over 2,000 million tons of iron ore is mined mined a year about 95 percent is used by the steel industry. Iron ore is the world’s third most produced commodity by volume after crude oil and coal and the second most traded commodity only beaten by crude oil.

domain: geography


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Gonadotropins are fertility medications given by injection that contain follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) alone or combined with luteinizing hormone (LH). During a regularly occurring menstrual cycle, both FSH and LH are produced by the pituitary gland in the brain to naturally stimulate the ovaries to make a single egg each month. When FSH (with or without LH) is given as an injection, it works directly on the ovaries to make multiple follicles (cysts containing eggs). Other fertility medications, such as clomiphene citrate, stimulate the ovaries by working in conjunction with the brain.
Gonadotropins usually are used during fertility treatments such as intrauterine insemination (IUI) or In Vitro Fertilization (IVF). Injections of gonadotropins are started early in the menstrual cycle to cause multiple eggs to grow to a mature size. Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), another injectable medication, is then used to trigger the release of the eggs when they are mature. Close monitoring of patients with ultrasound who are using these medications is advised in order to minimize the side effects and risks.
Potential side effects of gonadotropins
- Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome (OHSS)
OHSS is characterized by enlarged ovaries and fluid accumulation in the abdomen after stimulation by gonadotropins and after ovulation occurs. A mild form occurs in 10% to 20% of cycles and results in some discomfort but usually resolves quickly without complications. The severe form occurs approximately 1% of the time. The chance of OHSS is increased in women with polycystic ovary syndrome and in women who become pregnant during the cycle in which gonadotropins are given. When severe, OHSS can result in nausea, vomiting, rapid weight gain, dehydration, blood clots, kidney dysfunction, twisting of an ovary (torsion), fluid collections in the chest and abdomen, and, rarely, even death. In severe cases, hospitalization is often required for monitoring. The condition is temporary, usually lasting only a week or two. Several strategies exist to prevent or minimize symptoms, including withholding further gonadotropin stimulation, delaying hCG administration until hormone levels plateau or decline, or even withholding hCG to prevent ovulation. In IVF cycles in which OHSS is felt likely to develop, an oral medication, cabergoline, may be given to lessen the severity of these symptoms. Another way to shorten the time that a patient may have OHSS symptoms is to consider delaying the embryo transfer in IVF couples by freezing (cryopreserving) the embryo and transferring at a later date when the OHSS symptoms are completely resolved.
- Multiple Gestation
When using injectable gonadotropins alone or with IUI, up to 30% of pregnancies are associated with multiple implantations (twins or more), which only occur in 1% to 2% of naturally occurring pregnancies. The increased risk of multiples is due to the number of eggs that are stimulated during an ovulation induction cycle or due to the number of embryos transferred in an IVF cycle. While most multiple pregnancies are twins, up to 5% are triplets or higher. When a woman has twins or more is at higher risk of miscarriage, preterm delivery, infant abnormalities, handicap due to the consequences of preterm delivery, pregnancy-induced hypertension, bleeding, diabetes, or too little or too much amniotic fluid and other significant maternal complications. There is a higher likelihood of undergoing a Cesarean section. The risk of severe complications increases as the number of fetuses that implant in the uterus goes up.
Half of all twins and 90% of triplets are born prematurely. Babies born prematurely may have many health problems. For example, their lungs may not be strong enough so they may have problems breathing. The blood vessels in their brain might bleed easily. Premature babies also tend to be underweight, may get sick and some even die. Many other birth defects are associated with multiple births as well.
There are ways to reduce the risk of multiple births. During a fertility treatment cycle when fertility drugs are used with timed intercourse or insemination, your doctor will monitor your cycle very carefully. The use of fertility medications makes it more likely that one or more eggs will be fertilized. However, if it appears that too many eggs are developing, your doctor may cancel your cycle ant tell you not to have an insemination or intercourse to eliminate your risk of multiple births.
In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) means that you egg and your partner’s sperm are joined (fertilized) in the laboratory and the doctor places the fertilized eggs (embryos) into your womb. It is much less likely that you will become pregnant with triplets or more if only one or two embryos are placed in your womb. Before the placement of these embryos (embryo transfer), you and your doctor will decide how many embryos to place in your womb. If three or more embryos implant inside your uterus, your doctor may suggest that you undergo a procedure called Selective Reduction. Selective reduction allows you and your doctor to reduce the number of fetuses to one or two. Usually the procedure is done early in the pregnancy to increase the chance of a healthy and successful pregnancy. Choosing to do this procedure is difficult. Couples who are thinking about this option should talk to a counselor.
- Ectopic (Tubal) Pregnancies
While ectopic pregnancies occur in 1% to 2% of naturally occurring pregnancies, in gonadotropin cycles the rate is slightly increased. Ectopic pregnancies can be life threatening and require treatment with medication or surgery. Occasionally a tubal pregnancy can occur at the same time as an intrauterine pregnancy (heterotopic pregnancy) and requires surgery to remove the ectopic pregnancy while not harming the pregnancy inside the uterus.
- Adnexal Torsion (Ovarian Twisting)
In less than 2% of gonadotropin cycles the stimulated ovary can twist on itself since the ovary is heavier from more follicles. This twisting can cut off the blood supply. Therefore, surgery is required to untwist the ovary or in severe cases to remove the ovary and or the tube.
- Gonadotropins and Cancer
Although early studies suggested that the risk of ovarian or other cancers of the female genital tract might be increased when exposed to medications for ovulation induction, current studies have shown no increase in any cancers with the use of fertility medications.
- Local or Generalized Reactions
In some women, the injection may cause a local skin irritation. It is extremely rare to have an actual allergy to medication. Some women may experience breast tenderness, headaches, or mood swings from the gonadotropins.


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by Paul Carter
tutorial will serve to educate and illuminate, in order to
equip you to conduct effective, focused, Cherokee genealogy
research. The resources available for Cherokee research directly
relate to the Cherokee's history. At the conclusion of this
tutorial I provide what I believe to be the most common reasons
for failure to find the Cherokee Blood in one's family, but
more importantly, ways to prove one's ancestry. Additionally,
I will show you how that while you think you may have Cherokee
blood, you may actually have Creek Indian blood, and what the
difference is between Cherokee ancestry and Cherokee citizenship.
people are unaware that Cherokee migration west actually started
at the close of the Revolutionary War, when a group of Cherokees
aligned with the British during the war petitioned the Spanish
Governor in New Orleans for permission to settle on Spanish
lands west of the Mississippi River. The request was
granted, and in 1794 this group (actually a group of Cherokee
may have emigrated to the base of the Rocky Mountains as early
as 1721 - see History, Myths, and Sacred Formulas of the
Cherokees for in-depth information on this subject) settled
in the St. Francis River Valley in today's southeast Missouri.
great earthquake of 1811 convinced this Cherokee group that
they should not live in this region, so during the winter of
1811 and 1812 they moved to territory between the Arkansas
and White Rivers in today's Arkansas. No official rolls
were kept on these emigrating Cherokees, but a later roll as
a result of the 1828 treaty (see below) states that in 1800
the Cherokee population west of the Mississippi was likely
1000, with about 1000 more emigrating between 1808-1817.
a treaty with the Cherokees in 1817, in which they gave up
certain tracts of land back east, the government officially
granted the Cherokee title to their Arkansas lands.
Several hundred Cherokees from back east officially emigrated
up until 1819 to this new territory as a result of the treaty. Another
treaty with the same type terms was concluded in 1819, but emigration
west was curtailed after 1820 when the Secretary of War decided that
Cherokees who had enrolled themselves for removal but had not removed,
or those who had not enrolled, must emigrate at their own expense. In
1828 another treaty was concluded between the government and Cherokees,
which ceded their Arkansas lands for lands in today's Oklahoma. (Keep
in mind, this was prior to the disputed 1835 treaty which forced
removal and resulted in the tragic Trail of Tears).
1835, it is estimated that 1/3 of the nation's Cherokee population
lived west of the Mississippi. These settlers became known
as the "Old Settler Cherokees." The official
migration rolls resulting from these treaties have been transcribed
and published by noted historian, author, and tribal authority
Jack D. Baker in his work Cherokee
Emigration Rolls 1817-1835. These rolls
provide the only known list of these particular Cherokees prior
to the 1851 Old Settler Census.
1835, the controversial Treaty of New Echota was signed, and
from 1836 to 1838 those Cherokees who supported the treaty
(known as the "Treaty Party") emigrated west to Oklahoma
Territory. In 1838 and 1839 the U.S. government forcibly
removed the remaining members over the Trail
of Tears, except for a few thousand full-blooded Cherokee
who either hid out in the hills of Tennessee and North Carolina,
or were allowed to remain due to the Tsali (Charley) incident
(see History, Myths, and Sacred Formulas of the Cherokee,
pg. 131.) These Cherokee were eventually granted a reservation
in Western North Carolina (Qualla Boundary Reservation). In 1835
a census was prepared of the Cherokee living in the east
and those on this list are considered Eastern Cherokee, although
obviously most of these eventually moved west. Additionally,
remaining back east were some mixed-blood families, most one-quarter
blood or less, who assimilated into the white families of Georgia,
Tennessee, North and South Carolina. Some of these families
moved back into the Cherokee Nation, Indian Territory, after
the Civil War due to southern economic problems, but many did
not. Those who did not likely beget many people today
who claim Cherokee descent, but whose ancestors weren't on
1846, due to inter-tribe bloodshed, politics, and tension,
as well as government manipulation and exploitation of various
branches of the tribe, the government concluded a treaty with
the Cherokee which provided settlements to three branches of
Eastern Cherokees living in the west, resulting in the 1851
Old Settlers, including those living outside the Cherokee Nation,
resulting in the 1851 Old Settler Roll (or census).
Cherokee's still living in the east, resulting in the 1852
Chapman Roll, which was a listing of Cherokee actually receiving
payment based on the 1851 Siler Census).
these are important genealogical resources, they only form
the basis for latter, more complete genealogy works, because
latter works incorporated the above works in one form or another. This
latter work resulted from a 1905 U.S. Court of claims decision
in favor of the Eastern Cherokees, who had brought suit
against the U.S government for various treaty violations. Congress
appropriated one million dollars for compensation to individual
Cherokees (resulting in about $133.19 per person), and Guion
Miller was assigned as the Special Commissioner to head this
claims board. To receive an allotment, applicants who
were alive on May 28 1906 had to prove they were a member of
the Cherokee Nation, or descended from such members, at the
time of the treaties.
Applicants had to submit applications, supported by affidavits,
containing detailed genealogical information on family members such
as parents, grandparents, great-grandparents, uncles, aunts, cousins,
dates and place of birth and death for family members, etc. Many
applications also contain letters, stories, etc. Moreover,
to be eligible for payment, persons had to show they were descended
from a person who was an Eastern Cherokee in 1835, usually by
proving descent from a person on the Drennen Roll or Chapman Roll,
and proving they were not of Old Settlers, or associated with another
tribe. (Interestingly, a number applicants were rejected because
they were Creek - which should be of interest to genealogists who
find ancestors on the
"Applicants not Eligible" portion included in the Miller
857 heads of household applications were received, representing
claims for approximately 90,000 people. While many applications
were rejected, the final roll, known as the Miller Roll, was
approved by the court in 1910. The government paid claims to
27,264 persons residing west of the Mississippi, and 3,436
east of the Mississippi. The rolls represents a wealth
of genealogical information. The applications themselves are
contained on 348 rolls of National Archives microfilm, while
the actual Miller Report is reproduced on 12 rolls of film.
The book Guion
Miller Roll "Plus" indexes this information by name,
and includes full name, Miller number, Dawes number, census card
number, relation, age in 1906, blood degree, and address.
second very valuable source of Cherokee genealogical information
comes from the Dawes Commission (see our
CD which contains the Dawes Roll and applications for all
Five Civilized tribes). Oklahoma Territory was the last refuge
for Native Americans against the encroaching white man. It
was inevitable that they would be forced to give up their lands
prior to Oklahoma statehood. Private land ownership was
unknown to Native Americans. However, with Oklahoma statehood
approaching, disbanding of the tribal governments and allotment
of tribal lands became a necessity. The Dawes Act of 1887 broke
up tribal holdings, and in 1893 Congress created the Dawes
Commission, headed by Senator Henry Dawes. He was
the first chairman to head the commission, charged with splitting
up the reservations and allotting land (160 acres) to individual
members of the Five Civilized Tribes (Cherokee, Choctaw, Creek,
Chickasaw, and Seminole). The government obtained the surplus. Indians
were allowed to sell their land after 25 years. By 1934,
Indians had lost nearly 90 million acres, many of it through
fraudulent sales and devious White practices. The commission
work was from approximately 1893 to 1914. Included in the Cherokee
roll were Freedman (former slaves) and Delaware (adopted into
the Cherokee nation). The Dawes Commission records provide
another great source of genealogical information.
As a side note, the tribulations associated with breaking up
the tribal lands and the Dawes Commission can be read about in Angie
Debo's And Still the Waters Run. The book Dawes
Roll "Plus" indexes this information by name, and includes
full name, Dawes number, Miller number, family census card number,
age, sex, blood, and address. One advantage of this book is
that one can look forward in time from 1898 to 1906 (the Miller Roll
information) and see such things as a 1906 surname change brought
about by marriage, divorce, or adoption. The Dawes Roll serves as
the basis for current Cherokee Nation membership.
third very valuable source of Cherokee genealogy comes from
a Cherokee physician named Dr.
Emmet Starr, who in 1892 began reconstructing Cherokee
genealogies. Dr. Starr obtained information from personal knowledge,
interviews, correspondence, and official records. David Hampton
of Broken Arrow OK, a Native American genealogical authority,
(Dr. Starr) reviewed some Cherokee records, especially the
1851 Drennen and Old Settler Rolls, and the 1883 Cherokee census.
He also got some information from the Dawes Commission records;
he had access to the census cards, but probably did not make
extensive use of them. He did not review any Guion Miller
Commission records, usually known as Eastern Cherokee applications,
but he did get some information from the published roll. This
was unfortunate. That commission would have done itself
a great service to have hired Dr. Starr as their chief investigator. He
could have likely saved them much time and effort in their
preparation of the finished roll and greatly assisted himself." A
great advantage of this work is that it does list the names
in genealogical format so one can see relations. The
disadvantage is that it does not contain ages or addresses,
nor does it contain as many names as the other sources listed
fourth very valuable source is Cherokee Jack D. Baker's transcription
of the Cherokee
Emigration Rolls from 1817-1835. These rolls allow one
to connect their Old Settler Cherokee roots back east. These
transcriptions provide a valuable link to connect the Eastern
and Western Cherokee tribes.
but by no means least, is the Cherokee
Roots books Volumes I and II. The advantage of these
volumes is the vast amount of information included (see below).
If one is just beginning research, not knowing what way your
research will evolve, I recommend Cherokee Roots. One can come
back to these volumes over and over. These volumes contain
the rolls below:
Settler Roll - 1851. A listing of Cherokee, still
living in 1851, who were already residing in Oklahoma when
the main body of the Cherokee arrived in the winter of 1839
- as a result of the 1835 Treaty of New Echota. Approximately
one third of the Cherokee people at that time were Old Settlers
and two thirds were new arrivals.VOL II
Roll -1852. The first census of the new arrivals
of 1839. The New Echota Treaty group - "Trail
of Tears." VOL II
Dawes Roll (index). VOL II
Guion Miller West Roll (index). VOL II
Rolls - 1817. A listing of those desiring a 640 acre
tract of land in the east, in lieu of removing to Arkansas. Upon
the death of the reservee, or the abandonment of the property,
title was reverted to the state. VOL I
Roll - 1835. A census of over 16,000 Cherokee residing
in North Carolina, Tennessee, Georgia, and Alabama to be
removed to Oklahoma under terms of the New Echota Treaty.
Roll - 1848. A census of 1,517 Cherokee remaining
in North Carolina after the removal of 1838. John C.
Mullay took the census pursuant to an act of Congress in
1848. VOL I
Roll - 1869. A listing of Eastern Cherokee, and
their descendants, who were listed as remaining in North
Carolina by Mullay in 1848. VOL I
Roll - 1883. Essentially, the 1883 Eastern Cherokee
census. This roll lists ancestors, Chapman Roll number,
age, English name, and Indian name. VOL I
Roll - 1908. A census like roll to certify members
of the Eastern band of Cherokee. Also contains a great
degree of information including degree of blood. Rejects
are also included. VOL I
Roll - 1924. This was supposed to be the final
roll of the Eastern band of Cherokees. The land was
to be allotted and all were to become regular U.S. citizens.
Unlike their western brothers in Oklahoma, they avoided the
termination procedures. The Baker Roll "Revised" serves
as the current membership roll of the Eastern Band of Cherokee
Indians of North Carolina. VOL I
Siler Roll, 1852 Chapman Roll, and 1909 Guion
Miller East Roll. VOL I
Common Problems Associated with Finding Cherokee Ancestry
under current Cherokee Nation East, and Cherokee Nation West,
constitutional law, one has to prove descent from the Baker
Roll to claim membership in the Eastern Nation, and descent
from the Dawes Roll, in the category "By Blood,"
for the Western Nation. These rules may not always be the case, and
the last Cherokee Nation West constitutional convention debated whether
to rescind this provision, given the vast amount of people who can
claim Cherokee blood descent but their ancestors failed to appear
on the Dawes roll. Until some change is affected, one cannot
be a member of these two federally recognized tribes unless their
ancestors are on these rolls.
first, one has to understand there is a difference between
citizenship and blood content. Nancy Ward's descendants, who
are clearly, indisputably, Cherokee, are not all Cherokee CITIZENS. There
was a group of her descendants who remained in East Tennessee,
a group who went to California, some (the Hildebrands) who
went to Indiana. Others are scattered in Missouri and
Arkansas, just as the Old Settlers descendants are. They are
blood Cherokee. But they are not citizens of either of the
federally recognized Cherokee Nations due to the Dawes Commission
and Baker Roll requirements. As my friend Jack Baker
pointed out to me to illustrate the point, the German immigrants
who came to this country were clearly German blood, but they
gave up their German citizenship when they came to this country. So,
they were still German, but not German citizens.
So, they did not enjoy the rights of German citizenship, just
as descendants of some Cherokee cannot enjoy the rights of Cherokee
one can still be proud of their rich and noble Cherokee heritage
by using our genealogical resources to find Cherokee ancestors. This
is why the South Carolina Indian Affairs volumes are so important,
because researching them may yield names of ancestors involved
with the Cherokee. I provide some additional tips below.
of the more common reasons proving Cherokee ancestry is difficult:
noted at the beginning of this tutorial, many Cherokee assimilated
with and intermarried into white families in the region (and
vice-versa)as far back as the early 1700's. People were
not very genealogically minded at the time, and few, if any,
records were kept of this assimilation.
white families were shameful of Cherokee Blood through intermarriage
in the family, and disavowed all knowledge of it. It was hidden
for years (and is still hidden). If you see of, or hear, that
a particular ancestor was
"Portuguese," or "Black Dutch," these could mean
White Oklahomans generally did not feel this stigma of intermarriage
- the stigma was in the southern U.S. Cherokee region in the 19th
century and prior. I am told new research is coming out showing
their was a law on Missouri books at one point making marriage between
Whites and Indians illegal.
Cherokee children were placed in white homes and lost their
identity, or white schools and forgot about their identity. Some
kids were so small at the time of removal, they probably were
unaware they were Cherokee.
was not popular in that day to be Native American, to "get
ahead" many disavowed Native American blood.
groups of Cherokee were known to escape along the "Trail
Obviously to avoid capture, they "became white."
is why the Miller Roll "Plus" is so important. It
lists thousands of applicants who were rejected by the Miller
Commission, in some cases unjustly.
One can go to this list, and then obtain the application, and
find out on what basis their ancestors argued for claiming
Cherokee Blood. This is very helpful not only in researching Cherokee
ancestry, but for general genealogical research. Also, this list
may help you prove Creek Indian ancestry, because many of the rejected
applicants were rejected because they were Creek! Because
many people who think they are of Cherokee ancestry are actually
of Creek ancestry, the Campbell's Abstract index, which we offer,
is very important to access.
the Native American CD is the best one-source available not
just for Cherokee genealogy research, but for all the Five
Civilized Tribes. This is because not only does it contain
the Dawes Roll for all Five Civilized Tribes, but reference
books and other sources from Indian territory that are no longer
in print, and even if found, cannot be accessed from any one
location. This CD is highly recommended.
after you have exhausted the resources I mention above, which
should be the primary resources you use for Cherokee genealogy
research, there are some secondary resources.
all states but Oklahoma, the 1900 Federal Census has a separate
Indian index at the end of each county which lists all that
county's Indian population. In Oklahoma (still Indian
Territory) areas which were outside the jurisdiction of the
Five Civilized Nations, the Indian population will be found
at the end of the listings. The Indian population of
the Five Civilized Nations is listed after the state of Wyoming
(the last state alphabetically). But, keep in mind, the Census
Bureau has no standards for what an Indian is, and counts anyone
an Indian who declares him or herself an Indian. Still,
the Census can provide some leads.
the Family History Centers at Latter Day Saint's Churches is
often over-looked. Forget about their computer data bases. They
have microfilmed untold numbers of genealogies, family bibles,
and other surname information (see their surname microfiche),
and thousands of county and state tax, census, deed, and other
records (see their geographic microfiche). Access the
approriate microfiche, and order the appropriate microfilm listed
on the fiche- it is very inexpensive to order 'on-loan.' County
deed records from Oklahoma and other states can be accessed
this way, and is a good source of info, especially if your
ancestor, or a relative of an ancestor, was swindled out of
land. I found their microfilm of state tax records (broken
out by county) to be the number one source of genealogical
information in my research. These are very meticulous
records, as the government wanted to tax early and often.
just because you cannot find a descendant on the Baker Roll,
or Dawes Roll, and therefore, cannot be recognized by the Eastern
or Western Cherokee Nation, or one of the other four Civilized
Tribes such as the Creek, does not mean you are not Indian!
As I stated above, the Cherokee Nation East uses the Baker
Roll, and the Cherokee Nation West uses the Dawes Roll. The
other four civilized tribes use the Dawes Roll. Keep
in mind (and this is a topic that could be expounded on in
many more pages) that according to the Bureau of Indian Affairs,
no single Federal or tribal criterion establishes a persons
identity as an Indian. In fact, there is no universally
accepted definition of the word Indian. Different agencies
and different tribes (tribe is an altogether different definition!)
have varying criteria.
to establish your Cherokee or Indian roots, first establish
your family's ancestry as best as possible using traditional
genealogy methods. I believe this to be the number one
cause for failing to find one's Native American Roots.
In other words, many people try to establish their Native American
heritage without knowing much about their ancestor, and without first
establishing the traditional genealogical information about their
ancestor, which is obtained through tax records, marriage records,
census records, etc.
Use the LDS! Next, use the established sources available on
this site such as the Native American CD, Miller Roll PLUS, Dawes
Roll PLUS, Cherokee Roots Volumes (which has 15 major Cherokee Rolls),
Starr's Genealogy of Old Cherokee Families, and the Journal of Indian
Affairs (3 Volume Set) (sold out currently) which lists many traders
into the Cherokee, Creek, and other Indian tribes.
Many of these married into Indian tribes. If those yield
no results, start searching the 1900 census indexes.
following references represent secondary, or ancillary, sources
which will allow you to delve deeper into Cherokee and other
tribal research. In no way are they a substitute for
the above sources, but can be used to supplement the base which
you have established.
to Records in the National Archives of the United States
Relating to American Indians. ISBN 0-911333-13-4. This
guide examines all the record categories, is descriptive
with detail and dates, and is a superior guide.
Indians: A Select Catalogue of National Archives Microfilm
Publications. ISBN 0-911333-09-6. Breaks out each microfilm
listing. Not as detailed as the first source, but valuable
in showing film numbers, title, dates, and a description
of the record.
of the above books are found at the National Archives and Records
Administration web site at http://www.nara.gov. Email them
at [email protected] or write NARA, 700 Pennsylvania Ave., NW,
Washington D.C. 20408-0001
Historical Society, 2100 N. Lincoln Boulevard, Oklahoma City
OK 73105-4997 (405) 521-2491. Organized in 1893 with currently
over 100 staff members, the staff will assist with questions
pertaining to Oklahoma and Oklahoma Native Americans. Also
publishes The Chronicles of Oklahoma, the quarterly journal,
with wide ranging articles.
Nation Births and Deaths, 1884-1901. Abstracted from
Indian Chieftain and Daily Chieftain Newspapers, by Dixie
Bogle, sponsored by NE OK Genealogical Society, Vinita OK.
Published 1980 by Cook and McDowell Publications, 719 E.
6th St., Owensboro KY, 42301.
of the Cherokee Agency in Tennessee, 1801-1835. 14 rolls
of microfilm (microcopy 208) from record group 75, Bureau
of Indian Affairs. Marybelle W. Chase has extracted the miscellaneous
lists and registers from these rolls into a book (we do not
have the title), and state these records have much historical
and genealogical value. She could be reached at 5802 E. 22'D
Place, Tulsa OK 74114
Nation Papers, Inventory and Index. Revised and edited
by Kristina L. Southwell. This is, as stated, an inventory
and index held by the University of Oklahoma's Western History
Collection (Norman OK). The collection consists of 104 linear
ft. of official records and publications of the former Cherokee
Nation, and the personal pares of four leading families.
The dates of the bulk of the material are 1830-1907.
Delaware and Shawnee Admitted to Cherokee Citizenship and
the Related Wyandotte and Moravian Delaware. By Tony
Prevost, Heritage Books, 1992. Extensive information containing
background, migration patterns, 1816 treaty ancestral signees,
missionary school info, natives who were on the 1860 and
1870 federal census, biographical info, Civil War info, register
of Delawares who were admitted Cherokee citizenship in 1867,
Delawares on the 1900 fedreral census, and much more.
People and Where They Rest. Master Index. An index to 1043
Old Cemeteries within the boundary of the old Indian Territory.
By Jerri G. Chasteen, 1120 Cottonwood Court, Pryor OK 74361.
Indian School Records. An Indian school in Northern Oklahoma
from 1880 to 1984. Over 18,700 Indians went to school there,
including 4000-5000 Cherokee. After 1910 the largest tribe
attendees was Navajo. Oklahoma Archives maintains school
Indian and Pioneer History. As a 1930's WPA project,
thousands of Oklahomans were interviewed which revealed much
historical and genealogical information. Includes extensive
Indian slave narratives. 113 Volumes, indexed.
Planters in Georgia. By Don Shadburn.
Intrusion. By Don Shadburn. Book about prominent mixed-blood
families in Georgia. Recently reprinted.
and Historical Index of American Indians and Persons Involved
in Indian Affairs, from U.S. Dept. of Interior records,
G.K. Hall and Co., 70 Lincoln Street, Boston, 1966. 8 Volumes.
of Old and New Cherokee Indian Families. By George Morrison
to Cherokee Indian Records Microfilm Collection of Oklahoma
Historical Society, Archives and Manuscript Division.
2100 N. Lincoln Blvd, Oklahoma City, OK 73105
of Oklahoma. This is the magazine of the Oklahoma Historical
Society. Below are select articles from 1960-1979, Vol's
38-57 relating to the Cherokee and Cherokee Nation, and other
Indian Agents 1830-34, L:437-457
Settlers, XLII:82; XLVI 455,458,459; XLVIII 419
of 1851, XLVI:231
Indians in, XLIII:334
Georgia, Whites living in tribe, L:15-19
Indians in, XLII 416
in, XLII:10,11,124,337; XLVII 322; XLIX 296-299
Agents West, XXXXIX 42-53
Indian Agents 1831-1874, L:415-436
Freedmen XLVII:143,151; XLIX240,242,243; L:434
with Choctaw, XXXIX 48,49,327
Indian Agents, 1834-1874, LI37-58
Missionary to XLII:331-333
in Choctaw Country, XLVIII, 474
Indian Agents 1842-74, LI 59,83.

domain: library


text:
In nine universities of Tamil Nadu, the retirement age of
vice-chancellors has been increased from 65 years to 70. The amendment has been
made through the Tamil Nadu Universities Laws (Amendments) Ordinance 2010. The
decision has evoked mixed reactions from academic fraternity in the state.
Many say universities are likely to benefit from the age and
experience of seasoned academics. “Many academics who are over 65 are
still healthy and mentally sound. There is no reason why universities should
not gain from their experience,” said former Anna University
vice-chancellor and Planning Commission member E Balaguruswamy.
The government’s move has ensured that the retirement age of
vice-chancellors of Bharathiar University, Bharathidasan University, Mother
Teresa Women’s University, Alagappa University, Manonmaniam Sundaranar
University, Periyar University, Tamil Nadu Open University, Thiruvalluvar
University and Tamil Nadu Teachers Education University is now on a par with
central universities. There is no age limit for retirement for vice-chancellors
of the University of Madras and Madurai Kamaraj University.
However, many feel that all precautions should be taken that
people who do not perform or have questionable credentials should not be
allowed to continue in the top post. “Great care should be taken while
choosing the right candidate, otherwise age is immaterial and will only be an
undoing,” Balaguruswamy said.
Former University of Madras vice-chancellor S P Thiagarajan
said, “The search committee that shortlists the list of candidates
applying for the post of vice-chancellor is as important as the regulations for
appointment of vice-chancellor itself.” So far, no attempt has been made
to draw up guidelines to nominate members of a vice-chancellor search
[Source: Times of India]


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