text:
King Abdulaziz University Faculty of Medical Applied Sciences
71 Slides1.50 MB
King Abdulaziz University Faculty of Medical Applied Sciences Diagnostic Radiology Department Radiobiology and Radiation Protection (Rad-222) By Dr. Salahuddin M. Kamal (Prof. Emeritus in EAEA) Associate Professor Medical Radiation Physics
Radiobiology When x-rays enter the body, they interact at the atomic level to cause ionization. Radiobiology is the response of living systems to ionizing radiation.
Ionization Ionization is the process of removing an electron from an electrically neutral atom to produce an ion pair. An ion is an atom or subatomic particle with a positive or negative charge. Ionization X-ray enters atom and strikes electron, knocking it out of its orbit and creating two ions (ion pair). The ejected electron is the negative ion and the atom with a net positive charge is the positive ion. negative ion (electron) positive ion: atom with 3 protons, 2 electrons
Ionizing Radiation The two types of ionizing radiation are electromagnetic and particulate. Electromagnetic: Electromagnetic radiation has both electrical and magnetic properties. It includes x-rays and gamma rays. X-rays are produced by a machine and gamma rays are produced when radioactive materials decay. Neither one has any mass. Particulate: Particulate radiation consists of particles that have mass and travel at high speeds. Included are alpha particles (helium nuclei), electrons (beta particles; also called beta rays), protons and neutrons.
Attenuation Attenuation is the reduction of the x-ray beam intensity by interaction with the tissue that the xrays pass through. The three types of interactions are: 1. Coherent scattering 2. Compton scattering 3. Photoelectric absorption Approximately 9% of the x-rays pass through the tissues without any interactions.
Coherent Scattering A low-energy x-ray interacts with an outershell electron and causes it to vibrate briefly. A scattered x-ray of the same energy as the primary x-ray is then emitted, going in a different direction than the primary x-ray. An electron is not ejected from the atom. (No ionization). This interaction occurs about 8% of the time.
Coherent Scattering scattered x-ray emitted with same energy as primary x-ray, different direction electron primary x-ray vibrates strikes electron in outer shell
Compton Scattering In Compton Scattering, an outer shell electron is ejected when struck by an x-ray, creating an ion pair (ionization). The primary x-ray loses some of its energy and continues in a different direction as a scattered x-ray. Compton Scattering accounts for about 62% of the interactions occurring within the tissues. Approximately 30% of the scattered x-rays exit the head.
Compton Scattering primary x-ray scattered x-ray ejected electron (negative ion) atom with net positive charge is positive ion The primary x-ray strikes an outer-shell electron, knocking it out of its orbit (ionization). The primary x-ray loses some of its energy and continues in a different direction as a scattered x-ray.
Photoelectric Absorption In Photoelectric Absorption, an inner-shell electron is ejected when struck by an x-ray, creating an ion pair (ionization). The primary x-ray loses all of its energy in knocking the electron out of its orbit; the x-ray ceases to exist (no scatter radiation). Photoelectric Absorption accounts for about 30% of the interactions occurring within the tissues.
Photoelectric Absorption ejected electron (negative ion) atom with net positive charge (positive ion) The primary x-ray strikes an inner-shell electron, knocking it out of its orbit (ionization). The x-ray loses all of its energy and disappears. There is no scatter.
Dose-Response Curves Dose-Response curves represent the relationship between the dose of radiation a person receives and the cellular response to that exposure. These responses may be linear or non-linear and may, or may not, have a threshold dose; the responses (effects) may be stochastic or deterministic. (See next two slides for definitions of these terms). Response linear non-threshold non-linear Dose threshold
Linear: the response is directly related to the dose. As the dose increases, the response increases proportionately. Non-linear: the response is not proportionate to the dose. An increase in dose may result in a larger or smaller increase in the response depending on the location on the dose-response curve. Threshold: this represents the dose at which effects are produced; below this dose, there are no obvious effects. Non-threshold: any dose, no matter how small, will produce a response.
Stochastic effect: occurs by chance, usually without a threshold level of dose. The probability of a stochastic effect is increased with increasing doses, but the severity of the response is not proportional to the dose (e.g., two people may get the same dose of radiation, but the response will not be the same in both people). Genetic mutations and cancer are the two main stochastic effects. Deterministic effect: health effects that increase in severity with increasing dose above a threshold level. Usually associated with a relatively high dose delivered over a short period of time. Skin erythema (reddening) and cataract formation from radiation are two examples of deterministic effects.
DNA Radiation effects at the cellular level result from changes in a critical or “target” molecule. This target molecule is DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid), which regulates cellular activity and contains genetic information needed for cell replication. The DNA molecule is called a chromosome. Permanent changes in this molecule will alter cell function and may result in cell death.
Direct vs. Indirect Effect If an x-ray or some type of particulate radiation interacts with the DNA molecule, this is considered a direct effect. Particulate radiation, because of its mass, is more apt to cause damage to the DNA by this direct effect. Other molecules that contribute to cell function, such as RNA, proteins, and enzymes, may also be affected by the direct effect. DNA x-ray or particulate radiation Direct effect
Direct vs. Indirect Effect Most of the damage to DNA molecules from x-rays is accomplished through the indirect effect. When x-rays enter a cell, they are much more likely to hit a water molecule because there are a large number of water molecules in each cell. When the x-ray ionizes the water molecule, ions and free radicals are produced which in turn bond with a DNA molecule, changing its structure. Since the x-ray interacted with the water molecule before the DNA was involved, this is considered an indirect effect. H2O x-ray or particulate radiation ions and free radicals Indirect DNA effect
Free Radical A free radical is an atom or molecule that has an unpaired electron in the valence shell, making it highly reactive. These free radicals aggressively join with the DNA molecule to produce damage. In the presence of oxygen, the hydroperoxyl free radical is formed; this is one of the most damaging free radicals that can be produced. Free radicals are the primary mediator of the indirect effects on DNA.
Cellular Effects Cells undamaged: ionization alters the structure of the cells but has no overall negative effect. Sublethal injury: cells are damaged by ionization but the damage is repaired. Mutation: cell injury may be incorrectly repaired, and cell function is altered or the cell may reproduce at an uncontrolled rate (cancer). Cell death: the cell damage is so extensive that the cell is no longer able to reproduce.
Sublethal Injury: Cellular Repair 1. Ionization causes damage to DNA (single-strand break of DNA). 2. Cellular enzymes recognize the damage and coordinate the removal of the damaged section. 3. Additional cell enzymes organize replacement of the damaged section with new material.
Mutation Normal Mutation When the DNA is damaged, cell function may be altered or reproductive capacity may be accelerated. Cancer is the most harmful result of cellular mutation.
Cell Death If there is extensive damage to the cell following irradiation or if cell division (mitosis) is disrupted, the cell may die. This will depend on how sensitive the cells are to radiation. The loss of a few cells or small group of cells is usually of no consequence, since there are so many cells present in the body. In most cases, the dead cells will soon be replaced through normal reparative processes.
Cell Cycle More damage results when the cell is irradiated during the G1/early S portion of the cell cycle (before DNA synthesis); the damaged DNA (chromosome) will be duplicated during DNA synthesis and will result in a break in both arms of the chromosome at the next mitosis. G1 gap phase 1 in which nuclear components are replicated S synthesis phase; DNA is synthesized during the last 2/3 of this phase G2 gap phase 2, a preparatory stage to cell division M mitosis, during which cells divide Cell most sensitive to radiation
Radiosensitive Cells Cells that are more easily damaged by radiation are radiosensitive. The characteristics of radiosensitive cells are: 1. High reproductive rate (many mitoses) 2. Undifferentiated (immature) 3. High metabolic rate Lymphocytes, germ cells, basal cells of skin and mucosa, and erythroblasts are examples of radiosensitive cells.
Radioresistant Cells Cells that are not as susceptible to damage from radiation are radioresistant. The characteristics of radioresistant cells are: 1. Low reproductive rate (few mitoses) 2. Well differentiated (mature) 3. Low metabolic rate Nerve and muscle cells are examples of radioresistant cells.
Radiation Effect Modifiers The biological response to radiation is dependent on several different factors. These include: Total Dose: the higher the radiation dose, the greater the potential cellular damage. Dose Rate: A high dose given over a short period of time (or all at once) will produce more damage than the same dose received over a longer period of time. Total Area Covered: the more cells that are exposed to radiation, the greater the effects will be.
Radiation Effect Modifiers (continued) Type of tissue: As discussed earlier, radiosensitive cells are more likely to be damaged by radiation than are radioresistant cells. Age: Because the cells are dividing more frequently in a growing child, young people are affected more by radiation than are older people. Linear Energy Transfer: This measures the rate of the loss of energy as radiation moves through tissue. Particulate radiation (alpha particles, electrons, etc.) has a higher LET because it has mass and interacts with tissues much more readily than do x-rays.
Radiation Effect Modifiers (continued) Oxygen Effect: Radiation effects are more pronounced in the presence of oxygen. Oxygen is required for the formation of the hydroperoxyl free radical, which is the most damaging free radical formed following ionization.
Latent Period The amount of exposure a patient receives from dental diagnostic radiography (effective dose) is relatively small. Most of the radiation damage will be repaired. The effects of the radiation damage that is not repaired may not show up for many years. The time between the exposure and the appearance of the effects of that exposure is called the latent period. In general, the higher the dose, the shorter the latent period.
Since repair of radiation injury is not 100%, radiation effects are accumulative. However, these effects will usually not be noticeable, since they are masked by the normal aging processes. The effects from extreme levels of radiation exposure are potentially life threatening. Since these high levels will never be seen with diagnostic radiography, the effects will not be discussed. Check radiology texts or online sources for more information.
Somatic Cells vs. Germ Cells There are two general types of cells in the body; these are somatic and genetic. Somatic cells are all the cells except for the germ (reproductive) cells. If somatic cells are irradiated, only the person exposed will be affected. Germ cells are the sperm and ova. If the germ cells are irradiated, the offspring of the individual may be affected.
Hormesis Hormesis is a dose response phenomenon in which small doses of a toxin have the opposite effect of large doses. For example, exposing mice to small doses of radiation shortly before exposing them to very high levels of radiation actually decreases the likelihood of cancer. The initial low dose of radiation may activate certain repair mechanisms in the body and these mechanisms are efficient enough to not only neutralize the radiation effects but may even repair other defects not caused by the radiation. There is a lot of debate about hormesis, but the general opinion is that this is not something that can be relied on when discussing the effects of radiation exposure.
Dosimetry Measuring the dose of radiation emitted by a radioactive source. As mentioned previously, radiation effects are dependent on the total area covered. If the entire body is exposed, it would be considered whole-body radiation. If only a localized area is exposed, as in dental radiography, it would be called specific-area radiation. The effects from a given dose of radiation would be expected to be more severe if the whole body is exposed to that dose rather than a specific area.
Units of Radiation Measurement Traditional Units Roentgen (R) SI* Units Coulombs per kilogram rad Gray rem Sievert * SI International System of Units; used worldwide
Roentgen The Roentgen (R) is the traditional unit of measuring radiation exposure. This measures the ionization of air. (The exact definition of Roentgen is complicated and not worth remembering). The Roentgen measures radiation quantity before the radiation enters the body. There is no exact SI unit comparable to the Roentgen, but in keeping with the metric system it is measured in coulombs per kilogram.
rad/Gray The rad (radiation absorbed dose) is the traditional unit used to measure the energy absorbed by the body. The SI unit is the Gray (Gy). 1 Gray 100 rads; 1 cGy (centiGray) .01 Gray 1 rad.
rem/Sievert The rem (roentgen equivalent man) is the traditional unit used for comparing the effects of different types of ionizing radiation (electromagnetic and particulate). The dose (in rads) is multiplied by a quality (weighting) factor. The quality factor for x-rays is 1. Therefore the dose in rems (dose equivalent) is the same as the dose in rads. For alpha particles the quality factor is 20. Therefore the dose in rems (dose equivalent) would be 20 times the dose in rads for alpha particles. The higher the LET, the higher the qualifying factor. The SI unit is the Sievert (Sv). 1 Sievert 100 rems; 1cSv (.01 Sievert) 1 rem.
Conversions* 1 R 1 rad 1 rem 1 Gray 1 Sievert 100 rads 100 rems c (centi) .01 m (milli) .001 µ (micro) .000001 1000 mrem 1 rem 1 cSv 100 mrem 1 mSv 1000 µSv 1 Sv 100 cSv 1,000 mSv 1,000,000 µSv * For x-rays, not particulate radiation
Annual Radiation Exposure Each year, people are exposed to various types of ionizing radiation (listed below) and receive an average dose of 3.6 mSv (360 mrem ) per year. The actual dose depends on the degree of exposure to the ionizing radiation sources. Radon 2 mSv(55%) Cosmic 0.27 mSv (8%) Rocks/soil 0.28 mSv (8%) Food/water 0.4 mSv (11%) Medical x-rays 0.39 mSv (11%) Nuclear medicine 0.14 mSv (4%) Consumer products 0.1 mSv (3%) Other sources 0.01 mSv ( 1%)
Natural (Background) Radiation Environmental radiation that we are exposed to daily is called natural or background radiation. It is composed of both external and internal sources. Background radiation averages 3.0 mSv (300 mrem) per year. External Sources: Cosmic (8%*): Ionizing radiation from space. Increased exposure at higher altitudes and during airline travel. Terrestrial (8%*): Results from radioactive materials in soil and rocks. May be incorporated into some building materials. (See next slide). * Percent of average annual radiation exposure
Certain black sand beaches in Brazil produce radiation levels as high as 5 mrem/hour. This would be equivalent to getting a full series of x-ray films every hour (photo left). Some plants in another area of Brazil have absorbed so much radium that they will produce an autoradiograph when placed on photographic paper (photo right).
Natural (Background) Radiation (continued) Internal Sources: Radon (55%*): Radon and its decay products enter our homes via the atmosphere and water. Inhalation of these products contributes more than half of our average annual radiation exposure. Food/Water (11%*): Some of the food and water we ingest contains radioactive materials. * Percent of average annual radiation exposure, both natural and artificial
Artificial (Man-made) Radiation Artificial radiation results in an annual exposure of about 0.6 mSv (60 mrem). Included are: Medical X-rays (11%*): Diagnostic medical x-rays are the major component of artificial radiation. Therapeutic x-rays contribute a small portion. Dental x-rays account for only 0.1% of the total annual exposure. Nuclear medicine (4%*): Diagnostic and therapeutic Consumer Products (3%*): Dental porcelain, smoke alarms, televisions, airport inspections, etc. Other Sources ( 1%*): Primarily nuclear fallout * Percent of average annual radiation exposure, both natural and artificial
Effective Dose Equivalent Exposure and dose are not related to the amount or type of tissue covered by the x-ray beam. A dose (or exposure) of 1 Sv could cover just the teeth or the entire body. Obviously, the overall effects would be different, even though the dose is the same. The effective dose equivalent takes into account the dose, the volume of tissue covered and the radiosensitivity of the cells. Using the effective dose equivalent, different types of x-ray examinations can be more realistically compared regarding the risk factor of each. The following slide lists the effective dose equivalents for some typical radiographic exams.
Effective Dose Equivalent AFM* (round, F) 60 µSv AFM* (rect., F) 27 µSv Panoramic 7 µSv Ceph 220 µSv Chest 80 µSv Upper GI 2400 µSv Natural Radiation 3000 µSv *AFM adult full mouth series of x-ray films Notice that the effective dose equivalent for natural (background) radiation (to which everyone is exposed) is 50 times as much as that for an AFM with round collimation and using F-speed film.
The preceding slide shows that taking a complete series of radiographs increases the average yearly exposure to the patient by a very small amount. The risk ( of cancer formation) is increased slightly. The following table compares this risk with the risk involved in common activities or habits. Comparable risk from: AFM (cancer) Smoking 1 cigarette (cancer) Drinking 30 cans of diet soda (cancer) Riding a bicycle 10 miles (accident) Driving a car 300 miles (accident) Flying 1000 miles (accident)
Pregnancy The accepted cumulative dose of ionizing radiation during pregnancy is 5 rad (.05 Sv). According to the American Academy of Family Physicians, you would need 50,000 dental x-ray examinations to reach the 5-rad cumulative dose to the fetus. An airline flight of 5 hours results in an exposure of 25 µSv. The exposure to the pelvic region from a full-mouth series of radiographs (done properly) is 1 µSv. (average natural (background) radiation is 8 µSv per day). The decision to order films during pregnancy is a personal one. Because of the relatively low dose, it is not expected that there will be any harm to the fetus. However, my recommendation is to limit the films to those needed to treat the patient during the pregnancy (symptomatic teeth or very active caries).
Radiation Protection for Patient and Operator
Maximum Permissible Dose (MPD) The maximum permissible dose is the amount of radiation (dose limit) that a person can receive from artificial radiation (effective dose equivalent). These dose limits are recommended by the NCRP* and required by the state in which a dentist practices. The dose limits may vary between the NCRP and the state. There are no dose limits for patients being radiographed. The dentist should only order films that are needed for a diagnosis, and thus keep patient exposure to a minimum (See ALARA). * National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements
Maximum Permissible Dose (MPD) Dose limits (MPD’s) are set for occupationally exposed personnel (dentist, dental hygienist, and dental assistant) and for non-occupationally exposed individuals (front-office staff, people in waiting room, etc.). The dose limits are as follows: Occupationally exposed: Adult Minor Pregnant 50 mSv (NCRP & Ohio) 5 mSv (Ohio) 5 mSv (Ohio) Non-Occupationally exposed: NCRP Ohio 5 mSv 1 mSv
Patient Protection It is important to do everything we can to reduce the amount of exposure when a patient has dental radiographs taken. The following slides identify the ways in which we can do this.
ALARA ALARA stands for “As Low As Reasonably Achievable”. If we assume that there is no threshold for stochastic effects (mutations and cancer) to occur, then it is important to keep the exposure to the minimum needed to provide an accurate diagnosis. In other words, take only those films needed to properly identify patient problems.
Professional Judgment/Selection Criteria Deciding which films are needed for a particular patient is dependent on two things: Professional Judgment and Selection Criteria. Professional Judgment: Through education and experience, each dentist develops an expertise in deciding which films will be needed to obtain an accurate diagnosis. Selection Criteria: In 2005, the ADA, in conjunction with the Food and Drug Administration, released updated guidelines for prescribing dental radiographs. These guidelines identify which films should be taken, based on clinical findings. (For more detailed discussion, see “Self-study: Patient Management/Film Ordering”)
Equipment Reliability X-ray equipment must be functioning properly to insure that the patient does not receive unnecessary radiation exposure. The settings for the exposure factors (exposure time, mA, kVp) must accurately reflect the output. Each state has requirements for the inspection of x-ray equipment to make sure that everything is working properly. The Ohio Department of Health requires that equipment be checked every five years (fee charged) and that the operator renew the registration of the equipment every two years (fee charged). If new x-ray equipment is purchased or if an x-ray unit is received from another dentist, the state must be notified. Disposal of old units must also be documented.
Constant Potential X-ray Machine Many machines now convert the alternating current into a direct current (constant potential). Instead of cycles going from zero to the maximum, both positive and negative, the voltage stays at the maximum positive value, creating more effective x-ray production. This allows for shorter exposure times and a 20% reduction in patient exposure. 60-cycle Alternating Current Direct Current (Constant Potential)
Filtration Low-energy x-rays do not contribute to the formation of an x-ray image; all they do is expose the body to radiation. Therefore, we need to get rid of them. The process of removing these low-energy x-rays from the x-ray beam is known as filtration. Filtration increases the average energy (quality) of the x-ray beam. The x-ray beam becomes more penetrating, providing good image formation on the film with reduced patient exposure. (See “Self-study: X-ray Production” for more information on filtration). Low-energy x-rays high-energy x-ray
Collimation Collimation is used to restrict the size of the x-ray beam, covering the entire film with the x-ray beam but not exposing unnecessary tissue. By reducing the amount of tissue exposed, the production of scatter radiation is also reduced. The shape of the opening (round or rectangular) in the collimator determines the shape of the x-ray beam. The size of the opening determines the size of the beam at the end of the PID. If you switch from a 7 cm diameter round PID to a 6 cm diameter round PID, the patient receives 25% less radiation. Rectangular collimation results in the patient receiving 55 % less radiation when compared to what they would receive with a 7 cm round PID. (See “Self-study: X-ray Production” for more on collimation).
Focus Film Distance Extending the distance between the target of the xray tube (focal spot) and the teeth makes the beam less divergent as it passes through the head, exposing a smaller area of the patient. (The diameter of the beam at the skin surface is the same for both distances. The beam from the 8” target-teeth distance spreads out much more as it passes through the head). 16” Target-teeth 16” Target-teeth 8” 8”
Intraoral Film Speed Using a faster film requires less radiation. Using F-speed film (Insight) instead of D-speed film reduces patient exposure by 60%. F-speed film has larger silver halide crystals, which more readily intercept the x-rays. (See “Self-study: Film and Screens” for more on films).
Extraoral Screen Speed Extraoral films are exposed by light from intensifying screens; this light is produced when x-rays contact phosphor crystals on the surface of the screens. The light is either blue or green, depending on the type of screen. Intensifying screens have different speeds, depending on the type of phosphor crystal (rare earth recommended) and the thickness of the phosphor layer. The faster the screen is, the less the patient exposure will be. However, image detail decreases as the speed of the screens increases. It is important to make sure that the film is compatible with the color of light coming from the screen. (See “Self-study: Film and Screens” for more on screens).
Lead Apron/Thyroid Collar The American Dental Association recommends that a lead apron and thyroid collar be used on all patients. The actual exposure from scatter radiation to other parts of the body is minimal, but considering the ease of placing the lead apron and thyroid collar, there is no reason not to use them. Patients will appreciate your efforts in keeping their exposure to a minimum. (The thyroid collar is not used for panoramic films).
Technique Good technique in taking films is essential in producing diagnostic radiographs. Proper film placement and selection of the correct exposure factors will maximize the value of the films and will reduce or eliminate the need for retakes, which would increase the patient’s overall exposure.
Processing Processing films for the correct amount of time and at the proper temperature produces films of good diagnostic quality, assuming the films were exposed properly. It is necessary to have appropriate safelighting in a light-tight darkroom. Inadequate processing will result in retaking films which will add to the patient’s overall radiation exposure. (See “Self-study: Processing”).
X-ray Protection for the Operator The operator should never hold films in the patient’s mouth during an exposure. Some patient’s, due to physical or mental impairments, may need help in stabilizing the films, but this assistance should be provided by a friend or relative of the patient. This person should wear a lead apron and leaded gloves when holding films in the patient’s mouth. The photo at right shows a squamous cell carcinoma on the finger of a dentist who routinely held films for the patient.
X-ray Protection for the Operator The operator should stand behind a protective barrier if available. It has been determined that drywall is adequate protection for this purpose. The operator must be able to observe the patient during the exposure to make sure the patient doesn’t move prior to or during the exposure. If a direct line of sight is not possible, mirrors can be mounted on a wall opposite the doorway to allow visualization of the patient. If barriers are not available, the operator should follow the position and distance rule (next slide).
Position and Distance Rule The operator should stand at least six feet away from the patient at an angle between 90 and 135 degrees. As the tubehead is moved, this safe position will change relative to the patient’s head (see below).
State Requirements All states have some regulations concerning the operation of x-ray equipment. In Ohio, each dental office must designate a Radiation Safety Officer (any office employee; dentist, dental assistant, hygienist, etc.) who is responsible for maintaining records relating to the x-ray practices. Each office must post a “Notice to Employees”, which briefly lists the responsibilities of the dentist and all employees who take radiographs as detailed in the state’s radiation protection rules. Each office must have a “Safe Operating Procedures” manual and each operator must sign an “Instruction of Individuals” form to indicate that they have read the manual.
Film Badges Personnel-monitoring devices (film badges) can be used to determine the exposure an operator receives during a given period (often quarterly). Film badges are required in some states if you expect to exceed 25% of the MPD during any calendar quarter (12.5 mSv). Although you should not expect to exceed this dose following normal safe operating procedures, it is beneficial to have a dosimetry service. The cost is minimal and the reports, which hopefully identify the lack of exposure to the operators, reduces any apprehension the office staff may have about radiation exposure.
NCRP Report # 145 The NCRP Report # 145 was released in December, 2003. It listed the following recommendations. The lead apron is not required. The thyroid collar is required for children and should be used for adults. (The ADA, in response to the National Academy of Science report on low-level radiation effects, recommends lead apron/thyroid collar for all patients). Rectangular collimation is required for periapicals and should be used, when feasible, for bitewings.
NCRP Report # 145 D-speed film is not to be used. E-speed film or faster is required. (Kodak no longer makes E-speed film; F-speed film, which is faster, is available along with D-speed). Rare earth screens are to be used for pans. Sight development (dip tanks) is not acceptable. Shielding design for new or remodeled dental offices is to be done by a qualified expert. Film badges are required for pregnant personnel.
This concludes the section on Radiobiology, Dosimetry, and Radiation Protection. Additional self-study modules are available at: http://dent.osu.edu/radiology/resources.htm If you have any questions, you may e-mail me at: [email protected] Robert M. Jaynes, DDS, MS Director, Radiology Group College of Dentistry Ohio State University


text:
Immigration Officials Conduct Sweeping Raids Across The Country
This weekend Immigration and Custom Enforcement agents – ICE- conducted sweeping raids to apprehend immigrants in the country illegally. Congressman Joaquin Castro, a San Antonio Democrat says he’s monitoring the raids called “Operation Crosscheck.
U.S. immigration officials confirmed the arrests of hundreds of unauthorized immigrants in at least six states. In Texas there are reports of a number of raids in San Antonio and Austin.Congressman Joaquin Castro said he’s asking ICE to provide information about Operation Crosscheck and who is being targeted.
“That’s the clarification that I requested is that is to figure out if they are targeting people who are truly violent dangerous criminals who are a threat to our community or whether they are going after people who are peaceful folks.”
In a Sunday morning tweet President Donald Trump said the raids are part of a national enforcement effort. Trump said, “The crackdown on illegal criminals is merely the keeping of my campaign promise. Gang members, drug dealers and others are being removed!”
Castro said he’s concerned non-criminals are being caught up in the dragnet.
“Because the president signed an executive order with respect to immigration that broadens the scope of people that ICE would target that it is quite possible that part of the operation cross check that the administration is targeting not just violent criminals but also others.”
Castro is searching for smart phone videos and other evidence that may indicate if the raids are scooping up more than criminals.

domain: sociology


text:
These are a delightful caramel candy filled with an ooey gooey milky center, they are rich and delicious.
A caramel candy with a smooth center that reminds me of the sweetness of condensed milk. You can't eat too many because they are rich and have a unique taste. It's hard not to crunch them right away to see what's inside.
These reviews are the subjective opinions of ChickAdvisor members and not of ChickAdvisor Inc.

domain: food


text:
New Races Mod V3.3
Cungi asked me(us) to fix his NRM Mod...
This fixes the bug with some ships (actually it is a problem with the races) crashing (for example the Doomsday as miscellaneous) and the borg bug in the campaign!
Black Pyro GL - a Descent III ace's fighter
So what the hell's this...
Well, you did meet the two Black Pyros at the Suzuki's tower, did you?
And you met the Black Pyro on the servers or you own Mercenary?
Well this ship is different from
- new chants for every team
- new menusounds from remember soundpatch. the menusound change when you finish a match
- two different entrances (no idea if they change)
Save your original 0_sound.afs before install the new one !!
Ihr braucht dafür den 2GA Adboard Importer von www.fifainternational.com
Als Adboardnummer einfach die "18" (für Deutschland) eingeben.
For importing these adboards please load the 2GA Adboard Importer from www.fifai
100 % Online compatibly with all Teamnames,Players,etc.
100 % Master Master League compatibly
All current teams of the champions League season 2004/2005
Macabbi Tel Aviv <->AEK Athen
Rosenborg B.K. <-> FC Bruegge
Fenerbahce <-> Sporting L
Update all 20 Stadiums in PES with High Quality Textures
+ 8 new Stadiums replace the Japan Stadiums
Sapporo dome ---> Borussia Park
Kashima soccer stadium ---> Bay Arena Leverkusen
Yokohama stadium ---> Rhein Energie Stadium Köln

domain: game


Why wait? Click here
to create a free gun
classifieds ad TODAY.
Potential buyers have looked at
the Ohio pages
over 258,120 times just
in the past week!
Real nice Tec 22 Scorpion by Intratec, its the pre-ban model with a threaded barrel. Fun to shoot and a real head turner! Comes with a 25rd ruger steel lips mag and a 10rd ruger steel lips mag, no box. Seen these thing selling for $450 on the auction sites because of how rare they are. Not looking to get rich, just wanting to finance a pocket ccw, Ruger LCP. Would trade for a Ruger LCP, maybe other firearms. Thanks, [email protected]
***All listings, sales and transfers are subject to the laws of the United States and the home states of the Buyers and Sellers and compliance therewith is the sole responsibility of the transacting parties.***


For comics fans, ComiXology is essential: The app has become the go-to spot to purchase and read digital comics.
Though I generally use ComiXology to check out books from DC, Marvel, Image and other big publishers, that will probably change now that the company has launched its "Submit" feature.
With ComiXology Submit, independent comics writers and artists are encouraged to contribute. If their work approved, it'll be posted on ComiXology and the creators can take half the profits.
The exposure the app will give indie artists is huge; ComiXology does a great job at presenting work digitally, particularly by offering a "panel by panel" view that's perfect for reading comics on the iPhone. With Submit, creators retain all rights, and they're still free to distribute their comics elsewhere.
Right now you can submit and peruse the independent titles at submit.comixology.com. I'm thrilled to see the feature enables talented folks like Becky Cloonan and Shannon Wheeler to be part of the store. (Wheeler talks about the initiative in this Wired interview.)
I know several independent comics creators read this blog, so if your book is featured on ComiXology, please give us a heads-up!
ComiXology is available on several platforms, including iOS, Android and Kindle Fire.


text:
Guess what? Breast cancer is NOT a ‘Jewish disease.’ Experts bust the myth that the disease is heavily linked to Ashkenazi heredity.
Israeli sound man walking on air in bid for ‘Gravity’ Oscar. Niv Adiri and his team are up for an Academy Award for Alfonso Cuaron’s space film, where finally the sound effects adhere to the laws of science.
Neanderthals had sex with other species - and family, DNA study shows: 50,000-year old toe bone from Siberian cave shows inbred Neanderthal woman was child of very closely-related parents.
Robert J. Lefkowitz, a Jewish physician and path-breaking biochemist from New York, has won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry jointly with Brian K. Kobilka, a researcher at California’s Stanford University.
The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2012 went to the scientists for studies of protein receptors that explain how cells sense their environment. Read more.
Israeli doctors are performing a radical experimental procedure on severely depressed patients that could offer them hope after years of failed treatments.
The doctors are implanting a device called a brain pacemaker, which sends electrodes into the patients’ brains. The Jerusalem hospital is the first one in Israel to employ the treatment, known as Deep Brain Stimulation, as part of an international clinical trial being conducted concurrently in several European countries and Israel. Read more.
Praying regularly can reduce the risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease and milder memory problems by 50 percent, according to a joint Israeli-American study funded by the U.S. National Institutes of Health.
The study was aimed at identifying factors that increase the risk of developing Alzheimer’s. Researchers examined several aspects of the subjects’ lives, including what they did in their spare time during their 20s and 30s. It turns out females who prayed regularly had 50 percent less chance of having mild dementia or Alzheimer’s. Read more.
Israeli geneticists have found that a population of Indians in the U.S. state of Colorado has genetic Jewish roots going back to the expulsion of Jews from Spain.
The common marker was a unique genetic mutation on the BRCA1 gene. This mutation, commonly known as the “Ashkenazi mutation,” is found in Jews of Ashkenazi origin and is associated with an increased risk of developing breast and ovarian cancer. Read more.
DNA links prove Jews are a ‘race,’ says genetics expert
Conjuring fear of Nazism and anti-Semitism, Jews recoil from the thought that Judaism might be a race, but medical geneticist Harry Ostrer insists the ‘biological basis of Jewishness’ cannot be ignored.
Although he readily acknowledges the formative role of culture and environment, Ostrer believes that Jewish identity has multiple threads, including DNA. He offers a cogent, scientifically based review of the evidence, which serves as a model of scientific restraint. Read more.

domain: news


Rescue Story (Deluxe)
by Zach WilliamsInvalid DateTime • 16 Songs
Essential Music Publishing
About This Album
Download sheet music and audio tracks for songs from the album, Rescue Story (Deluxe), by Zach Williams. Find chord charts, lead sheets, orchestrations and more! Top songs on this album include There Was Jesus and Less Like Me.


£40,000 + Competitive Holiday Allowance, Pension, and Training Opportunities!
Join a forward-thinking Water Technology Company dedicated to sustainable solutions and innovation.
Here, your expertise in engineering and maintenance will contribute to the essential services they deliver, impacting communities and the environment positively.
- In-depth training and continuous professional development
- A role that provides variety and the chance to work on exciting projects
- The support of a strong team in a company that values growth and work ethic
Roles and Responsibilities:
- Oversee maintenance activities for a large Ion Exchange Water Treatment Plant and mobile units
- Engage in fault finding, installation, and upkeep of instrumentation (flow, temperature, pressure, level)
- Perform calibration/validation of instruments and participate in a call-out rota as required
Skills and Qualifications:
- ONC/NVQ Level 3+ in Engineering or equivalent
- 18th edition wiring regulations certification
- Experience with industrial electrical works and, ideally, Water Treatment Systems
- Full UK Driving Licence
Are you ready to drive your career forward in an enriching and essential field?
If you're passionate about development and have a background in engineering or water treatment, we want to hear from you.
Apply now to join the team in Peterborough.


text:
Sword of the Paruns [Commander 2013]
Set: Commander 2013 Type: Artifact Equipment Rarity: Rare Cost: null
As long as equipped creature is tapped, tapped creatures you control get +2/+0.
As long as equipped creature is untapped, untapped creatures you control get +0/+2.
3: You may tap or untap equipped creature.

domain: hobby


text: In my work, I have the opportunity to talk with many small business owners about the challenges that they face. I share with them their frustration at government regulations that are designed to prevent them from doing what they do best -- growing the economy and creating jobs. When I was first elected, I was on the Agriculture and Environmental Affairs Committee. During my time there, I served on the regulations sub-committee where I had the opportunity to fight over-regulation at the source -- when they come up for initial approval. I fully support Gov. Haley's current efforts to control the growth and reduce the number of regulations so that our economy can have room to grow. I also believe that our poorly maintained road systems has a negative impact on our future economic development. I have spent a considerable amount of time researching possible ways to increase funding for our roads.

domain: politics


text:
La Femme Aqua Strapless Dress 19250ID# 14019250
Dance your way into this years with La Femme 19250. Featuring a strapless sweetheart neckline embellished with silver stones. The awesome ruching on the bodice of this dress will accentuate your waistline. Move around comfortably with its sequined underlining and chiffon overlay. Complete this look with rhinestone accessories and a small clutch to carry your cell phone and money. Look for more La Femme short dresses at Peaches Boutique.
- Back Style Back Zipper
- Length Short, 31"-32" Hollow to Hem
- Material Poly Chiffon
- Neckline Sweetheart
- Style A Line
This is a final sale item. No returns/exchanges.

domain: design


Examination of diatoms found on the surface of the Sea of Java. Kiselstaver går fra lokk i en celle til bunnen i . The marginal fultoportulae are positioned at the base of each connecting or tubular process. This process links frustules . Infrakingdom Heterokonta.
Skeletonema japonicum is a diatom. Subclass Thalassiosirophycidae. The five isolates differed in morphology, only one (SK-XM) being identified as. The other four isolates did not. Identifying marine diatoms and dinoflagellates.
The photosynthesis of cellular materials by phytoplankton is accompanied by release of organic molecules from the algal cells into the water. We are particularly grateful to Prof. Lois Granskog also shared samples and observations of S. Ross provided the Latin.
Anne Mortain-Bertran Chantal Descolas-Gros, and Henri Jupin. Laboratoire Arago, Université P. Different growths stages i. Notes: Executive Director, California Academy of Sciences. In nitrate-limited continuous culture the formation of aggregations of cells was positively correlated with temperature. Raising the temperature from to. Villar R(1), Laguna MR, Calleja JM, Cadavid I. Author information: (1)Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain.
We report the effects of. Huang J(1)(2), Cheng J(1)(2)(3), Yi J(1)(2). Sarno et Zingone were known only from the type material collected from Hong Kong waters more than a century ago.
Both species have now been collected as live mate- rial, and their morphology and phylogenetic posi- tion are investigated in . The species is capable of restoring cell size asexually through an auxospore-like stage. However, cells were sexualized after shifting strains from low (PSU) . An assessment of the taxonomy of S. Journal of phycology, (1), pp. Recent taxonomic studies have uncovered high diversity in this genus, and it is expected that several species occur also in the highly diverse marine habitats along the. In the present study, material of a culture raised from a .
It is particularly abundant in eutrophic waters and may co-occur with species of .


text:
Learn the Basics of Poker
Poker is a card game played in the form of a competition where players wager against each other and, ultimately, the dealer. The game is popular amongst both casual and professional gamblers. It is also featured in a wide variety of movies and television shows where friends or strangers meet for a friendly game. Despite its popularity, many people are unaware of how the game is actually played.
The basic game of poker is very simple. Each player buys in with a certain amount of chips. Typically, a white chip represents one unit and is worth the minimum ante or bet; a red chip is worth five whites; and a blue chip is equal to twenty whites. These chips are used to place bets, raise bets, call bets, and fold.
Each player is dealt two cards and then the betting begins. Once all bets have been placed, the flop is revealed. The flop is a set of community cards that all players can use to make their hands. In addition, each player has a private hand made up of their two personal cards.
After the flop betting round there is a third card called the turn. This card is dealt face up and can be acted on in the same manner as the flop. Finally, a fourth community card is dealt, which is known as the river. The player with the highest ranked hand wins the pot.
As a new player, you will want to start out at the lowest stakes possible. This will allow you to play against players who are weaker than you and learn the game without risking a lot of money. Eventually, you will be ready to move up the stakes and compete with the best players in the room.
Aside from learning the basics of the game, the most important thing to do is practice and watch others play to develop quick instincts. It is a mistake to try and memorize or apply complicated systems because every situation in poker is unique. Observe how experienced players react and think about what you would do in their position to build your instincts.
Another thing to keep in mind is that you will lose a lot of pots. This is a part of the game and it will happen to even the most skilled players. However, if you continue to play the game, practice, and learn from your mistakes, you will improve. It may take months or even a year for you to become a good poker player, but it is well worth the effort! So don’t be discouraged when you lose a big pot — just keep playing and working on your strategy. Eventually you will win more than you lose! Good luck and have fun!


text:
Family photography: Dunn family – lilford park
A last minute change of plan from a studio shoot to a location shoot at Lilford Park due to the unexpected nice weather back in February, and it was a great decision.
The plan was to get natural shots of the family together, including the dogs if possible. Casual shots, nothing over worked.
Ryan, Leanne and Grayson were all naturals in front of the camera… throw in 2 perfect pooches too and we managed to get our perfect pictures.
Such a beautiful family both inside and out it was a pleasure to work with them. And was so nice to see Ryan all grown up with a truly lovely family, honoured to have spent a wonderful morning with them, looking forward to seeing them again soon.
Here are a few of our favourite shots.
To see more of my family photographs, please check out my facebook page.
To order vouchers / find out more please email me at email@example.com

domain: artistic


and Performance Parts and Accessories
Firebird / Trans Am Parts - Aftermarket Stalks & Levers
Classic Industries offers Firebird, Formula, or Trans Am parts. From interior parts and soft trim, exterior sheet metal, moldings, emblems, weatherstrips and unique accessories, to nearly every nut and bolt needed for installation, Classic Industries has what you need for your Firebird, Formula, or Trans Am .
- Aftermarket Adapters
- Aftermarket Column Shift Par...
- Aftermarket Columns and Part...
- Aftermarket Horn Buttons and...
- Aftermarket Stalks & Levers
- Aftermarket Steering Wheels
- Column Indicator Lens
- OE Columns & Parts
- OE Horn Buttons and Caps
- OE Stalks & Levers
- OE Steering Wheels


text:
Rio Chama RV Park
Park Features & Amenities
Pull Through Sites:
Full Hookup Sites:
Credit Cards Accepted: Visa, MasterCard
Utilities & Amenities
Power: 50 Amps, 30 Amps
Additional Pet Information:
We chose this location because of the proximity to the Chama River but also because it is a short distance to some excellent trout fishing in Colorado (La Manga Creek, Conejos River). The fishing on the Chama River has not been outstanding but has been good because the water level is low.
The weather has been much cooler than Texas so it is enjoyable outside. There is a combination Lowes Supermarket/Ace Hardware in Chama for most items you might need. Several good restaurants in town. And then you have the Cumbres and Toltec Scenic Railroad for a nice trip to Antonito, CO.
Pagosa Springs, CO is 48 miles away. They have a nice Walmart and many nice restaurants as well as the Hot Springs for a relaxing day in the pools. The drive from Chama to Pagosa Springs includes a lot of beautiful scenery. While in the Pagosa Springs area, a drive over Wolf Creek Pass will take you through some beautiful scenery to South Fork, CO.

domain: travel


text:
Homemade Mint Sauce
about the recipe
Homemade mint sauce to got whit the lamb roast.
An English custom that the MagicTeam loves.
This recipe contains:
2 bunches of mint
You will also need :
90 grams of sugar
15 cl of cider vinegar
a small saucepan
- Wash and cut the mint into strips
- Mix the cider vinegar and the sugar. Heat in a saucepan. Bring to a boil and remove from heat.
- Stir in the mint and let cool for a few hours.
You can keep this sauce for a few weeks without worrying :-)
products in this Recipe
You can add or remove products


text:
It is important to be sensitive enough to life & humanity but it is not necessary to expect or trigger sensations of excitement and high emotions many times. The statement is in the context of practical social life where the popular public figures & leaders perform an act only for show purpose to cause excitement or sensation among the common people. In current situation surrounding Farmers’ protest such sensations are created by sensational people by sensational comments that may trigger disturbance in the society & nation. The nation has witnessed many disturbances in the past which turned into riots causing chaos in the public life.
It is the duty & responsibility of public figures of society to contribute to raise awareness among the common people and farmers related to the benefits of the new laws. The farmers’ unions, political parties in opposition, political leaders and public figures from cinema, music and sports industry should help farmers to achieve better life and living. The genuine efforts to serve humanity and the nation are needed in difficult times and the common people will definitely remember the people who stand with farmers’ and common people of Bharat.
It is very painful to think about the challenges of common people & the poor farmers who have to suffer due to these protests in capital Delhi and other parts of the country. There are many people, women and children, old people who are misled to leave their homes in severe winter month and to live these days without work at the fields or farms. The common public of the country will not forgive the opportunists and greedy people who are misleading farmers only for personal or selected interests or benefits.
15th day of Farmers’ (political) protest and a statement of union leaders at the Singhu border (Delhi-Haryana border), the epicentre of the protestors became sensational headline –
Farmers’ Union leaders called for nationwide sit-in protest on Dec 14, they said to block Delhi-Jaipur National Highway by Dec 12
Now let us try to make sense of this sensational news. After the failure of Bharat Bandh on 8th Dec 2020 the agenda of political parties in Opposition, unions and misled group of farmers for unjust demand to completely repeal the revolutionary farming laws continue.
The government has taken necessary initiatives to resolve the issue and so far five rounds of discussion have been held between 3 minister group & the farmers’ leaders. The farmers’ leaders cancelled sixth round of discussion proposed on Wednesday. The All India Kisan Sangharsh Coordination Committee (AIKSCC) released their statement on government’s proposal in which they also rejected the proposal of central government to make adequate amendments in the laws to address any concerns of farmers.
Protest Politics of Opposition leaders – NCP chief Sharad Pawar, Congress President Rahul Gandhi, CPI leader D Raja, CPI-M General secretary Sitaram Yechury and TKS Elangovan of DMK political party met the President on Wednesday. They presented a memorandum asking to repeal the three agriculture laws enacted on 27 Sept 2020.
It is the responsibility of opposition leaders to make sure that these laws should be implemented at the earliest and most effectively in the interest of farmers, their families, the development of nation and for improvement in the GDP and economy of the nation.
Spiritual Perspective – We must live with a sense of gratitude meaning we must realize the importance of everything that we have by the grace of God. When the nation has good governance and good leaders in central government who are ready to resolve the concern of citizens then we must work to give maximum support and service for the development of nation. Farmers of Punjab & Haryana, & other protesting farmers’ unions should have positive approach for the development of agriculture industry with the reforming laws that will benefit all the farmers across the country including small farmers & other farm labourers.
Other Sensations – The talented artists related to cinema, music industry normally become sensations among common citizens through the media reach. It is the responsibility of public figures & celebrities to bring necessary awareness among the common people and farmers about the positive aspects and reforms with the new agriculture laws.
Following public figures have shown support to farmers protest –
- Gippy Grewal – a Punjabi sensation supports farmers’ protest. He expressed his unhappiness for certain people from Bollywood whom he expected to support the protest.
In a tweet he said, My tweet was for them who call them from Punjab and not even utter a single word. They all vanish.
- Taapsee Pannu – Bollywood actress support to Gippy Grewal and to the farmers’ protest.
- Diljit Dosanjh – actor-singer from Punjab joined the protest at Singhu border on Dec 5 and he also supported farmers’ protest and as per the news sources he donated Rs. 1 crore to buy winter wear for the protesting farmers.
- Later popular Bollywood actors including Sonam Kapoor, Priyanka Chopra, Ritiesh Deshmukh, director Hansal Mehta, singer Vishal Dadlani, Sonu Sood, Swara Bhasker expressed their support to farmers’ protest through social media calling them as ‘India’s Food Soldiers’.
The support of these few people to farmers’ protest is as misleading as the agenda of whole protest itself. The people with genuine concern for development of farmers’ condition & farming should help farmers to understand the new laws correctly and to clear all doubts and myths due to any misinterpretation. I would like to request important people, public figures and celebrities to make positive contribution with positive approach.
Sensation vs. Sense – Sustainable certainly the celebrities make sensations but their understanding and actions are far from sense to raise awareness among poor farmers to understand the revolutionary reforming farm bills that will lead to sustainable development of farming and farmers’ living conditions across the nation.


text:
Access Partnership’s Global Head of Public Policy Laura Sallstrom spoke to Silicon Angle on the prospects for US privacy legislation in 2019:
“Any U.S. privacy law is as likely to push back on the GDPR as to be inspired by it. Privacy reform in the U.S. would therefore be more about taking the opportunity to create a counterweight model to the GDPR. On the other hand, getting it wrong in the U.S. could trigger more political backlash in Europe and greater problems for U.S. industry outside the country.”
Read the full article here.

domain: law


text:
Here they are, the winners and all
the submissions from the Bean Contest.
We would love to thank all the creative cooks that helped make this a success.
There are lots of inventive ways to add beans to your menus.
First Place: Cheese Pizza with
Garbanzo Bean Crust Pat in Charlotte, North Carolina
sent us the winner, that is one of the best ways to get kids to eat beans.
Surprise Red Beans and Rice
Joanne from New York sent us this
very healthy and nutritious recipe. The big surprise is that kids like it.
Lima Bean Soufflé Eric from Arizona sent in
this recipe. If you think
a soufflé is difficult or that you don't like Lima beans, give this a try.
easier than you think and this one can go elegant or casual.
Here are all the rest of the
recipes, in alphabetical order:
Anna's Bean Dip Very creamy bean dip for your next party, from Anna
in Glendale, AZ
Black and Tan Burrito Healthy, fiber
filled burritos for lunch or dinner.
Black Bean Chipotle Wrap Lunch
can be made for any number
of people in snap. Could be used for a school lunch as well.
Thanks go out to Lily in Victoria BC.
Bean Soup From San Antonio and the kitchen of Aliyah comes a hearty
black bean soup recipe for 2, we doubled it easily for our family.
Black Bean Stew Very savory meatless stew from Jessica in Jericho, NY.
Use vegetable broth to make it vegetarian.
Cannellini Casserole with Basil Pesto Butter
A sophisticated submission
from JoAnn from Gig Harbor, WA. This recipe is filled with vegetables and
can be served proudly at any dinner party.
Chili Cheese and Bean Soup
Diane sent this very satisfying soup recipe.
Try it on a chilly day with a side of corn bread.
Blanco Debra from Darien, Illinois sent us this unusual chili recipe.
It has a couple of secret ingredients and was an immediate hit.
Corn and Black Bean Salsa Greg
from The Woodlands, TX sent us this
versatile recipe. I love it on scrambled eggs or just rolled up in a
Daddy's Pinto's Teresa from Humble, TX sent us this very simple bean
dish that includes one of my favorite ingredients: RoTel.
Easy No-Meat Sandwich and Taco Filling
Use this filling on buns, tortillas,
pitas or your favorite type of bread. Nan from Palos Verdes Estates sent
us this versatile recipe.
French Bean Sauté A big serving of this green bean dish with some
rice would make a nice light dinner. Thank you Pat from Portola Valley,
Gram's 3 Bean Minestrone Gram didn't
tell us where he hails from, but we
are happy to have this highly nutritious minestrone to add to our repertoire of
healthy bean recipes.
Great Northern Soup This spicy bean and chicken soup comes to us from
Roxanne in Henderson, NV.
Intense Northern White Beans and
Mushrooms Lisa from Barre, MA sent this
recipe full of flavor from a unique blend of herbs. This one is more of a
Italian Bean Ragout Artichoke hearts make
the difference in this recipe from
Roxanne in California.
Lentil and Walnut Pate Greg from
Texas also sent in this healthy appetizer.
You will be proud to put this out at any party.
Tacos Rebecca from South Elgin, IL sent this meatless taco
filling recipe. My family really enjoys this and doesn't miss the meat.
Masa Crusted Pinto Bean Cakes with
Roasted Tomatillo Chile Sauce
Elizabeth City, North Carolina resident Cheryl sent in this meat free recipe.
It is a bit involved, but the results are elegant enough for a dinner party.
Pasta with Kidney Beans
Rosemarie from Rockford, IL has a good feel for
family fare. This dish has become a staple at our home.
Pineapple Bacon Beans This is so simple and it's perfect with any
barbecue. Thanks to Kelly from Westchester, IL.
Coastal Beans Wolfgang sent this to us, we know not from where.
Everyone enjoyed this composed bean dish that was both visually and
Salsa Black Bean Chowder This comes
from Topsfield, MA, a simple,
nutritious chowder that can be adjusted to the heat you like.
Santa Fe Corn and Pinto Pudding
Rich and satisfying, this recipe from Misty in
TN is easily a main dish meal, with a light salad on the side.
Simple Guatemalan Supper
Genesis sent in this recipe that is a very easy
complete dinner. She calls for white rice, we liked it with brown rice as
Southern Style Bean Bake
Patricia from Jefferson, Wisconsin sent us this
satisfying one-dish meal. Perfectly suited for a week night dinner.
Tasty Lima Beans I love lima beans and even my kids like this recipe.
Hildegarde sent in this recipe for us to enjoy.
This comes from Louisiana, and is in the best spirit of our recipes.
Quick, easy, inexpensive, delicious.
Soup 2 Taco soups are very popular, this one is very simple and you
can keep all the ingredients on hand. Thanks to Kimberly from Morristown,
Jean's Mean Bean Dip From Neosho, MO and Tanya Jean, comes one of the
best bean dips I have ever tasted. Excellent choice for an after school
to whip up.
Tex-Mex Veggie Chili Absolutely
nobody could believe this was a meatless recipe.
and again it has RoTel (dear RoTel you need to send me some advertising dollars
or at least some coupons :) ) Thanks go to Athena in Florence SC.
Bean Stuff Lena from North Carolina sent us this recipe with such a
perfect name for family fare. She gives us lots of options on how to cook
this and how to change ingredients.
Burgers Wayne from Sanford, NC has sent us a healthful substitute for
a greasy burger. Made from scratch, this veggie burger won't leave you
Western Goes Southern Beans
Pat from Providence, OH sent in this recipe,
which was one of the ones that made it toughest on judges. Try it once and
you will be hooked.
White Bean Delight This was easily the most intriguing recipe in the
We used honey from the hives in our backyard to make it really special.
sending thanks for this recipe to A.C. in Muskogee, OK.
Bean Medley Ana from our nation's capitol sent us this recipe that is a good
whole meal. She uses brand names in her recipe, but substitute your


text:
Written by Stephanie Oplacio and Hezekiah Walker Practice tracks are based on the sheet music and recording by Hezekiah Walker.
Not familiar with this song? See if it’s on YouTube â€“ Amazing by Hezekiah Walker
3 parts — Soprano, Alto, Tenor. We also have an accompaniment track.
HEAR PREVIEWS OF THE PRACTICE TRACKS: – Combined parts preview – – Soprano preview – – Alto preview – – Tenor preview – – Accompaniment track preview –
Showing all 5 results


text:
Élan Dance Company brings dance to the community
- Created on Tuesday, 06 November 2012 11:20
- Written by Sue Omanson
Those who ventured out on a chilly evening for the SCARE-illon on October 27, or attended the All Hallows Eve event at Naper Settlement the previous weekend were treated to a Halloween surprise: a special performance by Élan Dance Company, themed for the season.
The audience looks on as Élan Dance Company performs at the SCARE-illon on Oct. 27, 2012
Dancers from Élan Dance Company in costume for their performance at Naper Settlement. Photo by Melissa Sallée.
The dancers are experienced in adapting to unusual performance venues, having danced previously at Carillon summer recitals, on an athletic field at Nike Sports Complex, on a stage at Butterprint Farm in rural Illinois, and in front of a sculpture exhibit at the Lubeznik Center for the Arts in Michigan City.
Élan Dance Company at the Carillon for an August 2012 performance.
August 2012 performance at the Millennium Carillon
Dancing to live music is somewhat novel to the company, especially dancing to an instrument such as the Carillon, with the sound of the bells affected by distance from the stage, winds, and other outdoor conditions. To the audience, the dancing fit perfectly with the dark, mysterious music of the SCARE-illon, and was a delightful addition to the concert.
Upcoming November performances
At 7:00 p.m. on Thursday, November 8, a group of dancers from Élan Dance Company will give a brief performance at the Naperville Park District Board of Commissioners meeting. State Representative Darlene Senger will present a grant check to the Park District from the Illinois Arts Council for operating support of Élan Dance Company. The grant supports the company’s outreach activities, original choreography, and comprehensive training of young artists.
The weekend of November 17 and 18 will be a full one for Élan Dance Company, starting with a performance at the Fox Valley Dance Showcase at 7:30 p.m. on Saturday, November 17 at Metea Valley High School. Tickets are $8.00 and may be purchased at the school box office the day of the show. On Sunday, November 18 Élan will perform at 10:30 a.m. and at 2:00 p.m. at the Chicago Toy & Game Fair at Chicago’s Navy Pier. The fair runs Nov. 17 and 18, featuring the Young Inventors Challenge, a Star Wars lunch and performances by Radio Disney and is the largest public toy and game event in the nation. Tickets are $10 for adults, $5 for children, with free admission for children under age 3. Scouts in uniform, military, teachers and librarians are also admitted free of charge.
2011 performance at Lubeznik Center for the Arts in Michigan City, Indiana
Support Élan Dance Company
The Naperville Park District is proud of Élan Dance Company and wishes them a successful 2012-2013 artistic season. We hope that you will have a chance to see one of their performances. Additionally, you can support their work by participating in their holiday fundraisers, while taking care of some of your gift shopping at the same time.


text:
From Vintage Gold Collection
You are saving ₹13640
Choose a Gold Karatage
Choose a size
Linear Swing Gemstone Bangle - A bold yellow gold cuff with a bezel set beer quartz centre, highlighting the architectural composition.
Connect with our fashion experts, stylists and certified gemologists to answer your questions and concerns.


I have never seen a diagram showing which hose goes where on the switch. There should be a connector on the end of the hoses. This connector has a clocking tab which will go onto the switch one way (well, one way easily anyhow).
Here is a pic showing where the switch is:
Then there is this picture, but I do not think it gives enough detail for what hose goes where:


A recent study by Kelly Blue Book has revealed that though 63 percent of Americans believe that fully autonomous vehicles could make roads safer, however, 64 percent would still prefer to be in full control of their vehicle at all times. Additionally, 80 percent of the respondents would prefer to have an option that allows them to take control of the vehicle whenever they want.
The study appeared only a week after the U.S. Department of Transportation released its guidelines for self-driving vehicles. Also, while many safety experts, including the Secretary of Transportation, have said that these vehicles will reduce auto accidents, still 51 percent of the surveyed drivers said they prefer to have complete control of their vehicles even if it may not be as safe for other drivers. St. Louis car crash attorney discusses the study results in detail.
Consumer perceptions about autonomous vehicles
The Kelly Blue Book study was conducted by market research firm, Vital Findings, to try to get a better understanding of consumer perceptions of self-driving vehicles and of the various levels of autonomy. The study involved surveying 2,200 Americans in the age group of 12-64, weighted to census figures by gender, ethnicity and age, and with a variety of ownership and residential patterns.
Levels of autonomy
- Driver assistance: Including systems such as anti-lock brakes, navigation system and lane assist
- Partial automation: The vehicle takes partial control, however, the driver has to keep eyes on road and hands on the wheel
- Conditional automation: With partial automation, vehicles can steer, accelerate and decelerate, however, the driver can take control
- High automation: You can put the vehicle into drive mode, it gets control of all aspects of driving, and does not require human monitoring
- Full automation: No provision for human intervention
How acceptance of these vehicle varies?
According to the study, 6 out 10 surveyed people say they know little or nothing about autonomous vehicles. Another 62 percent say that do not think they will ever see a world where vehicles are fully autonomous.
The youngest group of respondents belonging to age group 12-20 years are most welcoming when it comes to autonomous technology. As many as 67 percent of these respondents believe they will see these vehicles in their lifetime and consider themselves educated about self-driving vehicles. They are also most comfortable about the technology.
Respondents who owned luxury cars were found to be more aware of the high level of autonomous vehicles compared to those who owned non-luxury vehicles. It was also seen that those who have experienced riding in fully autonomous vehicles think highly of comfort and safety, and they look forward to buying these vehicles when they are available.
What do you think of autonomous vehicles? Only time will tell if these vehicles will make our roads safer.
If you have been injured in a car accident, contact a competent St. Louis Auto accident lawyer to know your rights.


text:
Necklace:Jade & Gold Filigree Design ~ NICE
Necklace is a gold filigree design that is kind of tear shaped, diamond chip in top and tiny pearl at bottom with a tear shaped Jade stone in center...chain is about 18" long....rear of pendant reads, "PAT PENDING".....good used condition...be sure to check out our other auctions for LOTS of jewelry deals and unique conversation starters!
PRICE: $4.00 plus $1.50 special handling charge.
or MAKE AN OFFER
or ASK A QUESTION


Hey Dartisans! Before we make the big marketing push next week, I wanted to reveal here our new game "Market Wolf" for Android.
Its a simple fun stock market game where you can buy and sell stocks and compete with friends. The stock markets open tomorrow so be sure to play with it during the day!
Its really exciting because we built the entire backend in Dart (duh).
We take a lot of advantage of Isolates and use the Dart RPC https://github.com/dart-lang/rpc
framework to power our API. Push uses darts built in Web socket framework, which couldn't have been more easier to use.
Previously we had a stock app that used Node.js to power quotes, when we decided to make it into a game rather than a tool, we rewrote the whole back end in Dart.
Not only did it eliminate a lot of dependencies since Dart is " batteries included" it also made the code much cleaner thanks to Async/await and overall the Dart language.
One powerful feature we have is realtime leaderboards which are calculated based on your net gain. This was a pain in butt to do on Node, but with Darts isolate pattern, we are able to easily keep an isolate dedicated to calculating users net gain and leaving the main event loop to handle API logic.
Unit testing was another awesome thing with Dart. We used the unittest package and easily wrote tests for all our APIs.
To run those tests on each commit, we integrated with CodeShip for continuous integration and deployment. Yes! Their dart support is awesome. You just need to wget the right SDK.
For the database we used RethinkDB and redis. There are awesome packages for both and both do the job well.
We ended up writing a connection pool for RethinkDB which we ended up contributing back to the community and merging it with the pub package.
We're live, its exiting to get our first users on the system. See how they respond. There are a lot of features to add, more cool Dart stuff to do, and push the DartVM to its limits!
Framework: Dart RPC & Web sockets
PAAS: Heroku for now, moving to AWS end of this week.


text: Noah Fitzer took their first improv class at the PIT in January 2023, a few months after graduating college and moving to New York from the South. Through improv, Noah has felt encouraged to embrace their unique comedic voice, and by extension to appreciate parts of themself that once felt harder to love. Noah is a member of The Artist Formerly Known As: CRUD!, one of the PIT Ensembles teams, which performs bi-monthly at the Loft. Beyond improv, Noah is a singer-songwriter and Broadway enthusiast. In May 2023, their original one-act musical, “Four’s A Party,” premiered at the New York Theater Festival, also marking their NYC directorial debut.


13 January 2015, 15:40
ADM hails the agreement between the Government of Québec and Caisse de dépôt et placement
Aéroports de Montréal (ADM) enthusiastically welcomes this morning’s announcement by the Government of Québec and the Caisse de dépôt et placement du Québec, which paves the way for a new and innovative framework for future financing and completion of major infrastructure projects in the province.
Oops! Our new website is optimized for recent versions of the most popular browsers.
For a better user experience, please use the latest version of one of the following browsers:


text:
Touching the ball in an N.F.L. game for just the third time in his career, David Johnson of the Arizona Cardinals scored the longest touchdown in his team’s 96-season history.
A rookie running back taken in the third round of this year’s draft out of Northern Iowa, Johnson received the Chicago Bears’ opening kickoff at the back of his own end zone. After navigating through some traffic in the first third of the field, he ran free for the final 50 yards. The 108-yard touchdown topped the previous franchise mark of 106 yards, which was recorded on a kick return by Roy Green in 1979.
As pointed out by ESPN’s Stats & Information department, the play should hardly have come as a surprise for Cardinals fans after Johnson’s electric debut last week against New Orleans.
On Arizona’s second possession this week, Johnson, who rushed for 4,682 yards and 49 touchdowns in his four-year career at Northern Iowa, finally got his first chance to run the ball in the N.F.L. The carry went for 0 yards.


2021 March 25
- 1 Daily news wrap-up
- 2 Security Council chief about the former army chief Onik and "stopping the war on the 4th day", about SU-30 jets, about "blaming the army"
- 3 judge rejects one of Onik's lawsuits: cannot sue for something that didn't happen
- 4 who is behind rumors about the immunent Turkish invasion of Syunik? / Azariha Telegram channel
- 5 President Sarkissian continues discussions with various political parties
- 6 new political parties are popping up like mushrooms
- 7 bill approved: maximum penalty increased for espionage and treason
- 8 other news from Parliament
- 9 ֏500M to build a new Arthur Alexanyan Sports Center
- 10 sports centers
- 11 COVID stats (snafu)
- 12 Russia to open tourism floodgates
- 13 economic stats / February shows signs of recovery / prices and salaries
- 14 COVID aid: subsidized loan program will continue to operate
- 15 Nagorno-Karabakh: The "mystery" of the missing church
- 16 VICE article on Artsakh: This Is What It's Like to Live in a Country ‘That Doesn't Exist’
- 17 Kardashyans, Serj Tankian, and others urge Joe Biden to recognize the Armenian Genocide
- 18 bill approved: Russian becomes one of the official languages in Artsakh
- 19 Russian peacekeepers deliver humanitarian aid to Stepanakert
- 20 General prosecutor meets Russian ambassador to discuss the return of POWs
- 21 Armenia votes against a UN resolution on Syria
- 22 diplomatic 3+3 format: Georgia won't cooperate with Russia
- 23 Armenia takes up 4-month chairpersonship in OSCE Forum for Security Cooperation
- 24 Armenian weapons are presented to Iraqi Defense Minister=
- 25 Defense Ministries of Armenia and Italy held a meeting
- 26 Greeks mark 200th anniversary of independence from Ottoman Empire
- 27 Artsakh post office receives equipment
- 28 120,000 people currently live in Artsakh
- 29 80,000 Artsakh citizens received $10.4M as part of a recent aid package
- 30 aid package extended for landlords who house Artsakh refugees
- 31 Nature Ministry rejects Lydian gold miner's petition to drain more water from Arpa river
- 32 banks reach a deal to finance Armenia's largest solar panel project
- 33 raising the bank guarantee requirement threshold for state purchases
- 34 20,000 new high-tech jobs are projected for the next 5 years
- 35 there is a strong demand for workers in these sectors
- 36 new: a unified electronic platform for hiring foreign workers
- 37 police reforms: salaries will double
- 38 why won't Davit shut up about Bitcoin?
- 39 end of report
- 40 Support David's Daily Armenia News Summaries!
Daily news wrap-up
Mar/25/2021: (1) Police salaries to double (2) "E-verify": foreign worker database (3) Wartime negotiations, "4th day of war" (4) Solar farm (5) Onik's lawsuit fails (6) Who spreads "Syunik invasion imminent" rumors? (7) New parties (8) Treason law amended (9) Geopolitics (10) Economy recovering
Your 11-minute Thursday report in 2893 words.
Security Council chief about the former army chief Onik and "stopping the war on the 4th day", about SU-30 jets, about "blaming the army"
Reporter: did Onik Gasparyan say on the 4th day of the war, during a Security Council session, that the war should be stopped ASAP?
Security Council Secretary Grigoryan: No. The first Security Council discussion about stopping the war was held on October 19th. It was during this meeting that it was proposed to stop the war within 2-3 days because our resources were depleting. By the way, opposition parties took part in that meeting.
[Context: Pashinyan called Putin on October 19th and agreed to give away the lands to stop the war. This was shortly before the fall of Hadrut, as confirmed by an opposition figure who took part in the meeting. Aliyev, however, did not agree to stop because he wanted Shushi.]
Security Councilman continues: ... we attempted to stop the war on at least 3 occasions. The war continued not because of us, but because of intense interference by Turkey, the terrorist groups, and Azerbaijan. Stopping the war cannot be done unilaterally.
As for the topic of SU-30 jets, we purchased the jets but the modern missiles were scheduled for a later date. You can use older missiles on the new jets but they have different capabilities and limited scope.
As for the accusations that the government is trying to use the army as a scapegoat, we wanted Onik Gasparyan to be the one to prepare the comprehensive post-war report about the military events. If we wanted to blame the army, we would prepare that report ourselves.
https://armenpress.am/arm/news/1047115.html , https://armenpress.am/arm/news/1047116.html , https://armenpress.am/arm/news/1047120.html , https://youtu.be/Rx71bSmErk4 , https://factor.am/352169.html , https://factor.am/352186.html
judge rejects one of Onik's lawsuits: cannot sue for something that didn't happen
Onik sued president Sarkissian and Pashinyan for the decree that fired him.
The Lower Court judge found that Onik cannot sue Sarkissian for the signature to fire him, because Sarkissian never signed anything to fire him. "You have 15 days to correct your paperwork and resubmit, or 5 days to challenge this verdict in Appeals Court."
who is behind rumors about the immunent Turkish invasion of Syunik? / Azariha Telegram channel
Sputnik outlet recently cited an Iranian Telegram channel Azariha, which claimed that "Iranian outlets report accumulation of Turkish military equipment. Turkey plans to invade Syunik." No mainstream outlets other than Sputnik shared the report at the time.
Researchers found that the Azariha Telegram channel is run by Iranian nationalists and some ethnic Armenians living in Iran, who happen to be a diaspora wing of one of the opposition parties in Armenia. The usual suspect ARF denied being affiliated with Azariha.
A similar "imminent invasion" rumor was circulated by a reporter at the Greek City Times outlet. Research shows that he often posts theses circulated by opposition groups in Armenia.
President Sarkissian continues discussions with various political parties
He met Heritage Party's Raffi and the "Ազգային-ժողովրդավարական բևեռ" alliance of nationalist figures that includes Sasna Tsrer members.
new political parties are popping up like mushrooms
Former BHK MP Ruben Gevorgyan will register "NATION-ARMY-MOTHERLAND" party. (yes, with all caps)
Former HHK Premier Karen Karapetyan's adviser Mher Terteryan will register "United Homeland". There is a similarly-named party in Artsakh lead by General Samvel Babayan. The new registrar claimed he was unaware of the existence of Babayan's party while registering the name.
Overall, 8 new parties will register next month. "Stability", "Patriots", "Intellectual Armenia", etc.
bill approved: maximum penalty increased for espionage and treason
BHK proposed a maximum of 20 years to life sentence for the harshest violations, instead of up to 15 years. Parliament voted 112-x to approve the bill.
other news from Parliament
The parliament is holding a debate whether to increase the age limit to allow older contractors to join the army, to reform the disability law, to improve road sign standards, etc. The bills need two votes before approval. More on them later.
Several Independent MPs, who recently resigned from the ruling My Step alliance, complained today that the government members showed a "dismissive attitude" and did not answer their questions orally during the Parliamentary debates, instead, asking the MPs to send the questions in a written form to receive a written response.
The Ind. MPs urged the Parliament president to ensure the questions are answered orally. Parliament president QP Mirzoyan referred to some of the suggestions as "constructive".
֏500M to build a new Arthur Alexanyan Sports Center
The government approved a construction plan, drafted 1-2 years ago, to build a new sports center named after legendary Greco-Roman champion Arthur Alexanyan.
The ֏500M project in Gyumri will be "unique in its kind in Armenia". It'll have room for youth and adults, weightlifting, wrestling, gymnastics, entertainment hall, etc.
Deputy Education Minister Karen Giloyan met sports center directors to discuss conditions at sports centers.
Deputy Minister: we plan to conduct a large-scale study in sports schools and relevant organizations to get a clear picture of the current situation. There are discussions about providing social packages to coaches. Regular retraining of coaches is very important because the sport develops rapidly.
COVID stats (snafu)
5228 tested. 1257 infected. 242 healed. 18 deaths. 13427 active.
Healthcare Ministry: please stop taking antibiotics. They don't kill the virus. Thank you.
Russia to open tourism floodgates
Travelers from outside of Moscow and St. Petersburg will be allowed to fly to Armenia and several other countries beginning on April 1.
economic stats / February shows signs of recovery / prices and salaries
The economic activity reduced by 6.7% in the January-February period of this year, compared to the pre-pandemic period of last year. However, this February saw a 12.4% rise in activity compared to this January.
Industry -8% YoY, but +15% MoM.
Construction +1% YoY, +28% MoM.
Trade turnover -11%, +20% MoM
Services -13% YoY, +4% MoM.
Foreign trade -12% YoY, +25% MoM.
Consumer product price index +5% YoY.
Average monthly nominal salary +0.8% YoY, reaching ֏190.5K ($360).
Economy Minister Qerobyan: the February YoY decline was -5.3%. and February of 2020 had an extra leap day. The economy has almost recovered. That is in the case of near-zero tourism. I reaffirm our goal of double-digit economic growth. (only if Bitcoin traders were this optimistic)
COVID aid: subsidized loan program will continue to operate
Last year the government approved several aid packages. The 2nd one was about subsidizing loans (0%) that are smaller than ֏1M. Its deadline has been extended until October. This aid was meant for farmers and was proven to be widely popular, says the government.
The Central Bank recorded 36.6K loans totaling ֏63.4B last year, from which 26.9K and ֏21.6B were part of this aid package.
These loans do not require submission of collateral by the farmer, which makes it appealing to many low-income farmers who have no expensive property that could be used as collateral.
Nagorno-Karabakh: The "mystery" of the missing church
A mini-documentary by BBC about how the Azerbaijani army destroyed an Armenian church. The church in question is St. Mariam in Mekhakavan (Jabrayil).
After seeing the video of Azeri soldiers climbing and vandalizing the church, a BBC journalist decided to go there and investigate. He couldn't find the church at all. The Azeri government accused Armenians of destroying it themselves (and also for making the Earth spin in a way that it gets really cold every winter).
UNESCO office in Armenia: We strongly condemn the latest instance of cultural crime committed by Azerbaijan. As reported by BBC, the church was completely destroyed after going under Azerbaijani control. The destruction resembles actions typical of ISIS.
Armenian MFA: The destruction of the church proves that the cultural vandalism carried out by Azerbaijan is based on its hatred towards the Christian Armenian people. At the same time, the attempts of the Azerbaijani leadership to justify this barbarism are even more disturbing (building up a case for ethnic self-determination, I suppose)
VICE article on Artsakh: This Is What It's Like to Live in a Country ‘That Doesn't Exist’
Kardashyans, Serj Tankian, and others urge Joe Biden to recognize the Armenian Genocide
They shared an image on social media, calling for their followers to join and urge Job Biden to recognize it.
bill approved: Russian becomes one of the official languages in Artsakh
Artsakh Parliament voted 27-0-2. The authors say Artsakh residents were already fluent in Russian [from the Soviet-era], the decision will strengthen cooperation in various fields, and that it'll pave the way for developing stronger legal cooperation.
Russian peacekeepers deliver humanitarian aid to Stepanakert
50 pieces of medical equipment were donated to Stepanakert hospital as part of "Dr. Lisa" and other Russian humanitarian missions. Schoolchildren received books and board games.
General prosecutor meets Russian ambassador to discuss the return of POWs
Other topics were also discussed: mutual legal assistance, criminal justice, exchange of experience.
Armenia votes against a UN resolution on Syria
As usual, Armenia sided with Russia in a UN Human Rights Council vote critical of the Syrian government. "The resolution was severely one-sided." The bill was authored by Turkey, Qatar, Jordan, the EU, and the UK.
47 members: 27 Yes, 6 No, 14 Abs.
diplomatic 3+3 format: Georgia won't cooperate with Russia
Earlier this year, Iran and Turkey proposed a 3+3 regional format: Iran, Turkey, Russia + Armenia, Georgia, Azerbaijan.
Turkish MFA: We are planning cooperation in a 3+3 format with the proposal of President Aliyev, with the support of Mr. Putin, Mr. Erdogan, and other leaders. Peace and stability in the south Caucasus are for the benefit of everyone, but Armenia and the people of Armenia will benefit the most. //
Recently, Georgia spoke against the 3+3 format, saying they won't cooperate with Russia in such regional topics for "as long as Russia occupies Georgian lands." Instead, Georgia proposes a Georgia-Armenia-Azerbaijan format.
It remains to be seen whether Armenian leaders will support the proposals.
Armenia takes up 4-month chairpersonship in OSCE Forum for Security Cooperation
The US passed the torch to Armenia. "Violations of the OSCE commitments lead to a violation of international security systems, a decrease in predictability and transparency in the military sphere, which, in turn, directly jeopardizes human rights, in particular the right to life," said Armenian delegate Papikyan.
Armenian weapons are presented to Iraqi Defense Minister=
Juma Saadoun visited Armenia and met High Tech Minister Arshakyan. The latter gave him a tour to show the latest weapons made in Armenia. The Iraqi MOD said Iraq intends to strengthen military industry ties with Armenia.
Pashinyan met the Iraqi MOD. "Armenia sees Iraq as a reliable partner based on strong historical and cultural ties.
An Iraqi Defense Ministry expert group will visit Armenia soon.
Defense Ministries of Armenia and Italy held a meeting
They expressed readiness to resume the implementation of cooperation that was suspended because of the pandemic.
Greeks mark 200th anniversary of independence from Ottoman Empire
Greece was congratulated by Armenian leadership. A group of Armenians went to the Tsitsernakaberd Genocide Memorial to lay flowers for Greek victims.
Artsakh post office receives equipment
The government took computers and another tech from the Labor Ministry and donated them to ArtsakhPost as compensation for property lost during the war.
120,000 people currently live in Artsakh
... with up to 30,000 residing in Armenia, said Artsakh president Arayik, who visited Yerevan today to co-chair a government session with Pashinyan. They discussed aid packages for Artsakh residents. Artsakh plans to build 5.5K houses new in 3 years.
80,000 Artsakh citizens received $10.4M as part of a recent aid package
Each non-able-bodied-male Artsakh resident receives a ֏68,000 check from the Armenian government.
aid package extended for landlords who house Artsakh refugees
One of the packages provides ֏45,000/mo aid to homeowners who agreed to house refugees. It went into effect in December and was meant to be for 3 months. Today the government extended it by another 3 months.
There are 3,000 landlords who house 7,000 refugees. Additionally, there are refugees who are staying in subsidized hotels. The families gradually return to Artsakh whenever a new housing unit becomes available; there is a project to build new houses in Artsakh villages.
Nature Ministry rejects Lydian gold miner's petition to drain more water from Arpa river
They asked to drain 4 times as much water to mine golden Bitcoins in Amulsar. The Ministry said they can't let that happen because of water regulations in Ararat basin reserves.
The miner is currently suing an earlier similar decision that prevented extra water drain.
banks reach a deal to finance Armenia's largest solar panel project
International and Armenian banks concluded the discussions around funding a solar project.
55MW Masrik-1 solar farm will produce clean energy enough for 20,000 households. It'll reduce CO2 pollutions by 40,000 tons annually.
Annual production is 128GW/h. They signed a contract with the Electric Networks of Armenia. The latter will purchase the electricity at a favorable price of $41.9 per MW/h.
The Masrik-1 farm will be located in Gegharquniq's Mets Masrik settlement. It's a project by FRV company, which is part of Abdul Latif Jameel Energy company. (I suspect Armen Sarkissian's մատը խառնա in this).
Tags: #SolarEnergy #RenewableEnergy #Masrik #MetsMasrik #energy
raising the bank guarantee requirement threshold for state purchases
... will bring economic activity, said Premier Pashinyan during today's government session. The guarantee threshold will increase from ֏10M to ֏25M. No guarantees from banks will be necessary from participants if the contract is under ֏25M.
Additionally, small purchases can be insured by private insurance agencies besides banks.
For purchases in the ֏25-֏75Mrange, the bank guarantee will reduce from 100% to 15% of the sum. For >֏75M purchases the 30% must be insured.
There will be additional exemptions for businesses that have high ratings issued by Fitch and Moodys.
20,000 new high-tech jobs are projected for the next 5 years
Minister Arshakyan: the high-tech industry grew by 30% in 2018-2019, and by 20% in 2020 despite the pandemic. We project that it'll continue to grow at 20%, with the labor market growing by 15%.
I urge our future students to choose the path of natural sciences, and for experts to supplement their knowledge in the tech sector.
there is a strong demand for workers in these sectors
Labor Ministry has a database of 1,674 vacant job positions submitted by businesses. The healthcare industry is the largest seeker of the highly qualified specialists in that database. The demand increased during the pandemic.
Overall, not counting just the Ministry's database, the IT sector has the highest demand.
There are 63,023 unemployed residents registered in the database.
Union of Employers of Armenia: we lost some manpower in the workforce because of the war. Many businesses face worker deficits now. The gap should be filled. Second, we have higher unemployment caused by the pandemic. Third, not all workers were ready to work remotely; this is why changes to the education system are necessary.
The education system does not always respond appropriately to the labor market demand. Young people often do not go to specialize in the industry. //
new: a unified electronic platform for hiring foreign workers
The government approved a proposed bill to create an electronic database, which will be used by Armenian businesses to obtain a permit before hiring a foreign worker.
The reforms will allow the government to better understand how many foreigners work in the country, and to better regulate the field.
The "Work Permit" term is being modified. A foreign worker can legally stay in Armenia temporarily after obtaining an electronic "temporary residence" permit from a relevant agency.
EAEU trade bloc citizens (including many Armenians who are Russian citizens living in Russia), will not be given "temporary resident" status and instead, will receive a certificate confirming the legality of their stay, as long as they plan to stay in Armenia and work for >180 days.
The list that regulates the foreign citizens who have lost the permit to work in Armenia will also undergo reforms. In some instances, foreigners will be allowed to work in Armenia with their short-term 21-day visa, if their job is short-term. For example, a foreigner receives a short-term visa to visit Armenia and organize a concert event.
police reforms: salaries will double
Hundreds of applicants are currently studying at a police academy as part of police reforms to create a patrol with modern uniforms and equipment. They'll be ready by July.
Today the government approved a resolution to raise their salaries. New low-ranting applicants with little experience will receive ֏320,000 ($605), an increase of 69%.
The lieutenant with some experience will earn ֏402,000 ($760), an increase of 98%.
why won't Davit shut up about Bitcoin?
Some prophet wrote this 3 years ago, making Davit believe in God and Holy Spirit:
end of report
The accused are innocent unless proven guilty in the court of law, even if they "appear" guilty.
Link to original report and comments: https://www.reddit.com/r/armenia/comments/md6eh5/mar252021_1_police_salaries_to_double_2_everify/
|2018 Daily Armenia Reports|
|2019 Daily Armenia Reports|
|2020 Daily Armenia Reports|
|2021 Daily Armenia Reports|


Today’s guest is Dov Baron. Dov is one of the world’s leading authorities on Authentic Leadership and creating a corporate culture that generates fierce loyalty. He has been featured in many media outlets including CEO World Magazine, Men’s Essentials Magazine, Elle Italia, as well as the CNN website.
Dov’s radio show and podcasts have generated over 1 million downloads, and his current podcast Leadership and Loyalty Tips for Executives is the #1 podcast for Fortune 500 Executives. As a bestselling author of several books, Dov is an international speaker and a highly sought after private mentor who guides high profile leaders who are looking for what’s next.
His groundbreaking book, Fiercely Loyal, will give you and your company the edge you need to thrive in today’s rapidly changing corporate climate!
You can learn more about Dov at Full Monty Leadership.
Please, don’t forget to subscribe to Consciously Speaking so that you don’t miss a single episode, and while you’re at it, won’t you take a moment to write a short review and rate our show? It would be greatly appreciated!


The all new Advance Spectrum MAX 270 Watt 3w-Chip Modular LED grow light panels are the best LED's available! Our LED grow light panels HID's out of the water with its full spectrum of light. Don't be mistaken, our L.E.D. beats any 400w HID grow light system and draws more than 50% less energy than any system on the market! The red, orange, blue, light blue, white, and NEW infrared lights* are absorbed by the plants' chlorophyll molecules.
Our Modular line of LED grow light panels have 60 degree secondary angle lens that give the 90 degree base lens provide deeper and more intense penetration through your garden. The combined 90 degree base and secondary 60 degree secondary lenses give you at least 75% more intensity and penetration compared to other LED Grow Light Kits out there. The 120 and 60 degree lenses of other LED's provide limited and lower quality coverage to your plants. If you're ready to take your garden to the next level, our 270w 3w chip modular LED grow panels can replace your existing 400-600w HPS system and get you growing for less!
Why buy Advanced Spectrum MAX Modular?
Dual Lens Technology: The 90 degree base lense offers a wide area of light coverage, and the 60 degree secondary lense offers more intense light on to your plants than most LED's on the market.
Modular Design: No glue, no glass, no fuss! Diodes that go out do not affect the rest of the panel, and any parts that need replacing are a snap!
Intelligent Detection: There are diodes on the side of the panel that indicate any operating defects, so you won't have to wait until it's too late for repair.
Low Heat: The heat dissipation design and internal fans help keep our LED's 10-15 degrees cooler than other LED's.
Better for Environment: These LED's save 50-90% in energy consumption versus incandescent and fluorescent tubes!
Aprox. Lifespan: 50,000+ hours
Easy to install, use, and repair!
* Note: Infrared diodes do not give off a visible spectrum. Although it is helpful to your plants and is actively working the moment you turn your light on, it will not be visible to the naked eye.
** Light ratings are based on the number of diodes in the unit multiplied by the chip wattage.