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161. 题目: Enhancing soil health to minimize cadmium accumulation in agro-products: the role of microorganisms, organic matter, and nutrients
期刊: Environmental Pollution
作者: Junliang Xin
摘要: Agro-products accumulate Cd from the soil and are the main source of Cd in humans. Their use must therefore be minimized using effective strategies. Large soil beds containing low-to-moderate Cd-contamination are used to produce agro-products in many developing countries to keep up with the demand of their large populations. Improving the health of Cd-contaminated soils could be a cost-effective method for minimizing Cd accumulation in crops. In this review, the latest knowledge on the physiological and molecular mechanisms of Cd uptake and translocation in crops is presented, providing a basis for developing advanced technologies for producing Cd-safe agro-products. Inoculation of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, application of organic matter, essential nutrients, beneficial elements, regulation of soil pH, and water management are efficient techniques used to decrease soil Cd bioavailability and inhibiting the uptake and accumulation of Cd in crops. In combination, these strategies for improving soil health are environmentally friendly and practical for reducing Cd accumulation in crops grown in lightly to moderately Cd-contaminated soil.
162. 题目: Soil organic phosphorus is mainly hydrolyzed via phosphatases from ectomycorrhiza-associated bacteria rather than ectomycorrhizal fungi
期刊: Plant and Soil
作者: Jing Yuan, Rui Yan, Xueqiong Zhang, Kai Su, Hui Liu, Xin Wei, Ran Wang, Lanlan Huang, Nianwu Tang, Shanping Wan, Wei Liu, Hans Lambers, Yi Zheng, Xinhua He, Fuqiang Yu, Yanliang Wang
Background and aims
Mycorrhizal fungi-released phosphatases have long been claimed pivotal to mobilize soil organic phosphorus (P). We hypothesized that ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi, compared with their saprotrophic ancestors, evolved adaptive strategies to enhance the release of phosphatases to meet the P demand of ECM fungi and their host plants.
We analyzed genes potentially encoding secreted phosphatases in 103 fungal species, ECM fungi hyphae associated- and ectomycorrhizosphere phosphatase enzyme activities, and gene expression of Lactarius spp. and Laccaria bicolor fungi-secreted phosphatases during ECM formation. We also determined ectomycorrhizosphere abundance of bacterial phosphatase genes, and analyzed Pinus yunnanensis–Lactarius deliciosus ectomycorrhiza-associated P-mobilizing bacteria.
We found that during transition from saprotrophy to ECM symbiosis, genes encoding fungal-secreted phosphatases did not manifest adaptive or convergent evolution. Among 10 genes potentially encoding secreted fungal phosphatases in Lactarius spp. and Laccaria bicolor, only two were up-regulated during ECM formation. Furthermore, unlike saprotrophic fungi, pure-cultured ECM fungi hyphae released very few or no phosphatases to the surroundings, while ECMs generally increased the phosphatase activities in the ectomycorrhizosphere under glasshouse conditions. Additionally, ECM-associated bacteria exhibited an increased abundance of P-cycling genes in the ectomycorrhizosphere under both glasshouse and field conditions. A substantial part of culturable bacteria from ECM tips hydrolyzed organic P and promoted fungal P acquisition.
We found no evidence for adaptive evolution of secreted phosphatases in ECM fungi; some ECM fungi may not even release phosphatases, and ECM-associated bacteria likely play a pivotal role in ECM-promoted organic P hydrolysis and plant P acquisition.
163. 题目: Comparison on molecular transformation of dissolved organic matter during Fenton and activated carbon adsorption processes for chemical cleaning wastewater treatment
期刊: Separation and Purification Technology
作者: Xiaodan Zhao, Zhuojun Huang, Haosen Sun, Qiqi Zhao, Zhanghe Huang, Chun Zhang, Yang Wang, Chunyan Yang, Zhen Zhou
摘要: This study employed Fenton oxidation and powdered activated carbon (PAC) adsorption processes for the removal of recalcitrant dissolved organic matter (DOM) in chemical cleaning wastewater (CCW) to meet discharge standards. Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) was used to identify resistant compounds and investigate the transformation characteristics of DOM. CCW mainly contained surfactant exhibiting heteroatom-rich characteristics, and both processes exhibited effective DOM removal but distinct selectivity towards different subclasses of formulas. PAC adsorption significantly decreased the number of DOM compounds and more effective in aromatic compounds than Fenton oxidation. The aliphatic compounds (AI ≤ 0.5, 1.5 ≤ H/C ≤ 2.0) predominantly with saturated and reduced states were resistant to PAC adsorption, and particularly a specific CHONSP formula was the predominant contributor to residual DOM in the effluent. In contrast, Fenton oxidation degraded most substances in the CCW except for a few saturated and reduced compounds primarily consisting of CHO, resulting in an increase in DOM number. Two unsaturated subclasses, carboxylic-rich alicyclic molecules/lignin-like structures (primarily CHON) and carbohydrates (primarily CHONP and CHONSP), were prominently produced after Fenton oxidation. The major mechanisms governing Fenton oxidation of surfactant in CCW primarily involved dealkylation (25.2 %), oxygen addition (21.2 %), and decarboxylation (19.8 %). Given the unique removal preferences and resistance observed in Fenton and PAC processes, a combination approach could be explored in the future to achieve advanced overall performance.
164. 题目: Microbial communities outperform extracellular polymeric substances in the reduction of hexavalent chromium by anaerobic granular sludge
期刊: Environmental Technology & Innovation
作者: Yun-Yun Sun, Qu-Sheng Li, Hui-Min Jiang, Yi-Hao Li, Ming-Shan Zhu, Ling-Ke Miao, Huan-Zhan Zhou, Jia-Wei Huang, Xiang-Xiang Fan, Jun-Feng Wang
摘要: The reduction of hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] by microbiota agents is a potential method for ecological remediation in heavily contaminated soil. This study investigated the contribution of microbial community and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) to reduce Cr(VI) using lab-cultured anaerobic granular sludge (AGS). The AGS demonstrated an impressive reduction efficiency of 99.3% for Cr(VI) in soil, operating within an initial Cr(VI) concentration range of 500–3000 mg/kg. The distribution of typical electron acceptors, e.g., SO, NO, and Fe, had a negligible influence on microbial Cr(VI) reduction. The contribution of EPS on Cr(VI) reduction accounted for only 2.1% of the total Cr(VI) reduction, implying that Cr(VI) reduction driven by AGS was primarily caused by the direct effect of microbiota. High-throughput sequencing analysis confirmed that an increasing trend in the relative abundance of Cr reduction bacteria (: 0.40–5.54%, : 0.41–5.70%, : 0.35–6.64%, etc.), and the stability (0.716–4.114) of microbial co-occurrence networks was significantly promoted by the end of the experiment. Materials characterization indicated that successful reduction of Cr(VI) to trivalent chromium [Cr(III)] and formed in Cr(OH), and functional groups, O-H, N-H, -CH, and -CH, of AGS likely played a vital role in Cr(VI) reduction. Overall, these findings offer insights into the remediation technique of microbial Cr(VI) reduction in highly-contaminated soil based on the interaction network stability of the microbial community in AGS.
165. 题目: Organic carbon accumulation in British saltmarshes
期刊: Science of the Total Environment
作者: Craig Smeaton, Ed Garrett, Martha B Koot, Cai J T Ladd, Lucy C Miller, Lucy McMahon, Bradley Foster, Natasha L M Barlow, William Blake, W Roland Gehrels, Martin W Skov, William E N Austin
摘要: Saltmarshes are a crucial component of the coastal carbon (C) system and provide a natural climate regulation service through the accumulation and long-term storage of organic carbon (OC) in their soils. These coastal ecosystems are under growing pressure from a changing climate and increasing anthropogenic disturbance. To manage and protect these ecosystems for C and to allow their inclusion in emissions and natural-capital accounting, as well as carbon markets, accurate and reliable estimates of OC accumulation are required. However, globally, such data are rare or of varying quality. Here, we quantify sedimentation rates and OC densities for 21 saltmarshes in Great Britain (GB). We estimate that, on average, saltmarshes accumulate OC at a rate of 110.88 ± 43.12 g C m yr. This is considerably less than widely applied global saltmarsh averages. It is therefore highly likely that the contribution of northern European saltmarshes to global saltmarsh OC accumulation has been significantly overestimated. Taking account of the climatic, geomorphological, oceanographic, and ecological characteristics of all GB saltmarshes and the areal extent of different saltmarsh zones, we estimate that the 451.65 km of GB saltmarsh accumulates 46,563 ± 4353 t of OC annually. These low OC accumulation rates underline the importance of the 5.20 ± 0.65 million tonnes of OC already stored in these vulnerable coastal ecosystems. Going forward the protection and preservation of the existing stores of OC in GB saltmarshes must be a priority for the UK as this will provide climate benefits through avoided emissions several times more significant than the annual accumulation of OC in these ecosystems.
166. 题目: Comparative effectiveness of carbon nanoparticles and biochar in alleviating copper stress in corn (Zea mays L.)
作者: Xiaoping Xin, Ghulam Farid, Jaya Nepal, Shengjia He, Xiaoe Yang, Zhenli He
摘要: The application of carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) and biochar in agriculture for improving plant health and soil quality and alleviating metal stress offers alternative approaches to meet the ever-increasing demand for food. However, poor understanding of their roles in improving crop production under Cu stress represents a significant obstacle to their wide application in agriculture. To clarify how CNPs and biochar affect corn ( L.) seed germination, seedling growth, plant health, and nutrient uptake under different Cu stress levels, soil-less Petri-dish and greenhouse soil-based bioassays were conducted. The results revealed that CNPs and biochar stimulated corn seed germination and seedling growth. Besides, they were effective in immobilizing Cu sorption in sandy soil and alleviating Cu stress for plant growth, as shown by the increased plant height and dry biomass. The plant nutrient uptake efficiency (NUE) was significantly increased by CNPs, with a maximum increase of 63.1% for N and 63.3% for K at the highest Cu stress level (400 mg Cu L). In contrast, non-significant effects on NUE were observed with biochar treatments regardless of Cu stress levels. Interestingly, CNPs significantly increased plant uptake of Cu in the Petri dish test, while biochar inhibited plant uptake of Cu under both experimental conditions. Principle component analysis (PCA) and Pearson correlation analysis indicated that CNPs mitigated Cu stress mainly by elevating antioxidant enzyme activities, enhancing plant photochemical efficiency, and increasing plant uptake of N and K, while biochar was more likely to reduce bioavailability and uptake of Cu in the plant. These findings have great implications for the application of CNPs and biochar as plant growth stimulators and de-toxicity agents in agriculture.
167. 题目: Changes in coal waste DOM chemodiversity and Fe/Al oxides during weathering drive the fraction conversion of heavy metals
期刊: Science of the Total Environment
作者: Pinpeng Tuo, Zongpeng Zhang, Ping Du, Lijuan Hu, Renyou Li, Jie Ren
摘要: The long-term accumulation of coal waste on the surface during natural weathering leads to the inevitable migration of heavy metals contained in the coal waste, which increases the likelihood of environmental contamination and health risks. Dissolved organic matter (DOM) and Fe/Al oxides play crucial roles in the transformation and bioavailability of heavy metals. Thus, we analyzed the Fe/Al oxide content and DOM molecular composition in coal waste with different degrees of weathering and explored the influence of DOM chemical diversity and Fe/Al oxides on the potential mobility of heavy metals. Results showed that weathering-driven decrease in Fe oxides (Fe, Fe, and Fe decreased from 82.4, 37.5, and 3.6 mg∙L to 41.3, 24.7, and 2.3 mg∙L, respectively) led to decreases in the reducible fractions of V and Cr. The potential environmental risks of more toxic metals of Cd and As, also increased as a result of the residual fractions decreased to 32.6 % and 41.3 %, respectively. Weathering caused an increase in oxygen-to‑carbon ratio, double-bond equivalent, modified aromaticity index, nominal oxidation state of carbon, and molecular diversity and a decrease in (/) and (H/C), suggesting that the DOM of highly weathered coal waste possessed high unsaturation, aromatic structures, hydrophilicity, and strong oxidative characteristics. Additionally, although V and Cr showed significant negative correlations with O/C ratio, polyphenolic, carbohydrates, and condensed aromatics, pH remained a key environmental factor determining the potential environmental risks of V and Cr by changing the residual fractions. The mobilities of Cd and As were significantly negatively correlated with those of Fe/Al oxides, particularly Fe, Fe, Fe, and Al. Our findings contribute to the understanding of the impact of weathering on the geochemical cycling of different coal waste components, providing priority options for environmental risk prevention and control in coal mining areas.
168. 题目: Labile and recalcitrant carbon inputs differ in their effects on microbial phosphorus transformation in a flooded paddy soil with rice (Oryza sativa L.)
期刊: Applied Soil Ecology
作者: Yanlan Huang, Zhongmin Dai, Caixian Tang, Jianming Xu
摘要: Organic carbon (C) can greatly affect soil microbial activity and thus alter the nutrient availability in soil. However, little is known about the microbial-mediated P transformation processes with organic C inputs in flooded soils. This study used high-throughput sequencing technology to investigate the effects of labile (glucose) and recalcitrant (lignin) organic C inputs on P availability and microbial communities in the bulk and rhizosphere soil under rice growth, aiming to clarify the key microorganisms involved in soil P transformation. Glucose addition enhanced microbial P immobilization and decreased P availability in the rhizosphere soil, while lignin amendment increased available P concentration in bulk soil through increased soil pH and altered bacterial community. Organic C inputs stimulated the growth and cooperation of specific P-solubilizing bacteria (, and ), facilitating the transformation of non-labile P to labile P in bulk soils, but also stimulated the growth of , immobilizing labile P into their biomass. Irrespective of C supply, soil P availability was correlated positively with the abundances of and but negatively with those of , , , and . This study emphasized the contrasting effects of labile and recalcitrant C on microbial mechanisms of P transformation in a flooded paddy soil. These findings provide potential strategies for microbially mediated P management in paddy fields.
169. 题目: Divergent changes of carbon and nitrogen in the density fractions of soil organic matter after revegetation in the Tengger Desert, north China
期刊: Land Degradation & Development
作者: Xiaojun Li, Haotian Yang, Rong Yang
摘要: Revegetation is an effective measure to enhance soil organic carbon (OC) and nitrogen (N) storage in drylands, but the underlying processes remain poorly understood. Based on density fractionation, the free light fraction (fLF), the occluded light fraction (oLF), and a heavy fraction (HF) were extracted from a chronosequence of revegetated sites aged 10, 22, 34, 48, and 65 years. A mobile sand dune (MSD) was used as the reference site (aged 0 years). The OC and N contents of different fractions and the bulk soils were determined to evaluate the impacts of revegetation and clarify post-revegetation stabilization mechanisms for the OC and N. The results showed that the dry mass of fLF and oLF in established shrublands were 17.16–31.30 and 17.68–44.87 times greater than those in the MSD, respectively, while the amount of HF decreased by 1.09%–2.51% in 65 years. The contents and stocks of OC and N and C:N ratio in each fraction significantly increased over time but decreased with soil depth, and these three variables decreased sequentially from fLF to oLF to HF. The OC and N contents and their ratios in each fraction were positively and linearly correlated with their corresponding values in the bulk soil. The OC and N percentages contained in the fLF and oLF increased significantly, but those in the HF decreased with increasing site age. Despite this, more than 55.08% of OC and 80.59% of N were remained in the HF across all the sites, indicating that the enhancement of OC and N stocks in SOM following revegetation were mainly derived from an increase in OC and N in protected fractions. Biological and physicochemical factors including microbial biomass C and N, the availability of N, P, and K, bulk density, and clay and silt contents, were the key factors regulating the OC and N dynamics in the density fractions. The initial OC and N accumulation after revegetation occurs mainly in the HF, while vegetation development shifts the OC and N from stable to labile pools. The OC and N accumulation in revegetated soils is attributed to the changes in both the LF and HF whereas OC and N in the light fraction become increasingly important over time. Stabilization by forming aggregates and mineral associations may dominate the long-term OC and N sequestration in restored ecosystems.
170. 题目: Estimation of soil organic carbon by combining hyperspectral and radar remote sensing to reduce coupling effects of soil surface moisture and roughness
作者: Ranzhe Jiang, Yuanyuan Sui, Xin Zhang, Nan Lin, Xingming Zheng, Bingze Li, Lei Zhang, Xiaokai Li, Haiye Yu
摘要: Soil organic carbon (SOC) is important in the global carbon cycle. Accurate estimation of SOC content in cultivated land is a prerequisite for evaluating the carbon sequestration potential and quality of soils. However, existing SOC prediction studies based on hyperspectral remote sensing neglect the spectral response of the physical properties of surface soil, leading to inadequate model generalization. With the exponential growth of remote sensing data, the development of pixel-level soil spectral correction methods based on multi-source remote sensing data has become an interesting and challenging topic. This method aims to minimize the effect of soil physical properties on spectra, thus addressing the poor spatiotemporal transferability of SOC prediction models due to uncertain variations in surface soil physical properties. In this study, a soil spectral correction strategy is constructed using satellite hyperspectral image (HSI) and synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images through multi-order polynomial regression and convolutional neural networks. This strategy considers soil physical variables such as soil moisture (SM) content and root mean square height (RMSH) of soil surface roughness. The soil spectral correction model and SOC content prediction model were established using 80 soil samples collected from Site 1. Afterward, the performance and transferability of both models were verified using the remaining 25 samples from Site 1 and 50 samples from Site 2. The results showed that: 1) The effect of SM and RMSH on the soil pixel spectrum can be significantly reduced after correcting HSI using soil spectral correction strategy. The correlation coefficients between the corrected pixel spectrum and the ground-based spectrum increase by over 60 % compared with those between the original spectrum and the ground-based spectrum. 2) Soil spectral correction improves the prediction accuracy and mapping capability of HSI for SOC content, with the highest of 0.743 and of 3.455 g/kg at Site 1. 3) Compared with the original HSI-based SOC prediction model, the soil spectral correction strategy based on multi-order polynomial and convolutional neural network reduced the of SOC prediction results at Site 2 by 5.082 g/kg and 5.454 g/kg, and the increased by 0.390 and 0.409, respectively. 4) When predicting SOC content from raw HIS, SM and RMSH contribute to more than 60 % of the bias, with SM having a larger bias than RMSH. The findings of this study emphasize the influence of soil physical properties on SOC prediction and contribute to the existing research on SOC mapping using HSI and SAR data.
171. 题目: Response of maize yield to changes in soil organic matter in a Swedish long-term experiment
期刊: European Journal of Soil Science
作者: Thomas Kätterer, Martin A Bolinder
摘要: Agricultural practices that lead to soil carbon sequestration may be a win–win strategy for mitigating global warming and improving soil fertility and resource use efficiency. The mechanisms through which soil organic carbon (SOC) concentration affects crop yields are numerous but difficult to separate. The objective of this study was to disentangle these processes and estimate to what extent the yield response to SOC is mainly driven by changes in physical or biochemical properties and processes. This was achieved by analysing the response of yields in continuous maize to SOC concentrations during 20 years (2000–2019), which had evolved in 14 experimental treatments in a Swedish long-term field experiment at Ultuna since 1956, ranging from 0.94% to 3.65% in the topsoil (0–20 cm). Average maize yields during this period varied between 1.9 and 8.4 Mg dry mass per hectare in the different treatments. The treatments comprise applications of different mineral nitrogen (N) fertilizers and organic amendments and combinations thereof. Our analysis showed that maize yield in the treatments that were not severely limited by nitrogen supply or soil acidity increased by 16% for each percentage unit increase in SOC. We applied the widely used concept of critical N concentration in plant biomass to diagnose the N status in maize in the different treatments (N nutrition index [NNI]) and parameterized a response function between yield and pH (RpH). Dry soil bulk density (BD) was used as a proxy for soil physical properties. These three variables NNI, RpH and BD explained 95% of the variation in maize yields among treatments. Further analysis of the relationship between BD, SOC and plant available water capacity revealed that about two thirds of the yield increases in response to SOC change could be ascribed to associated changes in soil physical properties. Our analysis suggests that the extra storage capacity of water, which increased by up to 15 mm in the topsoil for each unit percentage increase in SOC, was the main driver for the observed yield responses. We conclude that measures for increasing SOC in soils most likely are an effective adaptation strategy for reducing the risk of crop damage during dry spells, which probably are becoming more frequent in the future due to climate change, even in relatively humid climates as in Sweden.
172. 题目: Bioprospecting of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii for boosting biofuel-related products production based on novel aggregation-induced emission active extracellular polymeric substances nanoprobes
期刊: Bioresource Technology
作者: Yan Wang, Yubing Hu, Jiezhang Mo, Tin Yan Wong, Jingjing Liu, Parodi Alessandro, Ben Zhong Tang, Wen-Xiong Wang, Neng Yan
摘要: Biofuel production from microalgae has been greatly restricted by low biomass productivity and long-term photosynthetic efficacy. Here, a novel strategy for selecting high-growing, stress-resistant algal strains with high photosynthetic capacity was proposed based on biocompatible extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) probes with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) properties. Specifically, AIE active EPS probes were synthesized for long-term monitoring of the EPS productivity at different algal growth stages. By coupling the AIE-based fluorescent techniques, algal cells were classified into four diverse populations based on their chlorophyll and EPS signals. Mechanistic studies on the sorted algal cells revealed their remarkable stress resistance and high expression of cell division, biopolymer production and photosynthesis-related genes. The sorted and subcultured algal cells consistently exhibited relatively higher growth rates and photosynthetic capacities, resulting in an increased (1.2 to 1.8-fold) algal biomass production, chlorophyll, and lipids. This study can potentially open new strategies to boost microalgal-based biofuel production.
173. 题目: Feasibility evaluation of near dissolved organic matter microfiltration (NDOM MF) for the efficient removal of microplastics in the water treatment process
作者: Uje Lee, Kyeongyeon Park, Seungwon Chang, Min Cho, Jaewoo Lee
摘要: Microfiltration (MF) using membranes with a mean pore size smaller than 0.45 μm has generally been used for particle removal from water, given that materials larger and smaller than 0.45 μm are regarded as particulates and dissolved organic matter (DOM), respectively. It is also the case for removing small-size microplastics (MPs). However, given their sizes (. 1 μm), there is room for further improvement of the productivity (., water flux) in the pore size range of 0.45–1 μm on the condition that the removal rate is maintained. With this in mind, MF's water flux and removal rate were tested using seven different MF membranes, and the right pore, with the size of 0.8 μm, was found for MP removal, which is called near DOM (NDOM) MF. In the filtration test using polystyrene surrogate beads with an average particle diameter of 1.20 μm, NDOM MF exhibited a 1.7 to 13 times higher permeate flux than the conventional MF using 0.1, 0.2, and 0.45 μm membranes while maintaining a higher removal rate than 2 log. The excellent removal rate of the NDOM MF was attributable to the following three factors: (1) smaller mean pore size than the average particle diameter, (2) particle screening effect enhanced by the secondary layer formed by surface deposition, and (3) symmetric sublayer structure favorable for capturing penetrated particles. Furthermore, the outstanding filtration performance also appeared in a low-temperature (<10 °C) process, demonstrating that NDOM MF is feasible independently of temperature. Additionally, in constant flux filtration, NDOM MF demonstrated the long-term feasibility by lowering the transmembrane pressure and specific filtration energy by more than 2 times.
174. 题目: Effects of warming on soil organic carbon pools mediated by mycorrhizae and hyphae on the Eastern Tibetan Plateau, China
期刊: Science of the Total Environment
作者: Jin Zheng, Shuang Liang, Rongyu He, Lin Luo, Yunyi Li, Chunying Yin, Xiangjun Pei, Chunzhang Zhao
摘要: Mycorrhizae and their hyphae play critical roles in soil organic carbon (SOC) accumulation. However, their individual contributions to SOC components and stability under climate warming conditions remain unclear. This study investigated the effects of warming on the SOC pools of (an ectomycorrhizal plant) and (an arbuscular mycorrhizal plant) mycorrhizae/hyphae on the eastern Tibetan Plateau. The results indicated that mycorrhizae made greater contributions to SOC accumulation than hyphae did by increasing labile organic carbon (LOC) components, such as particle organic carbon (POC), easily oxidizable organic carbon, and microbial biomass carbon, especially under warming conditions. Plant species also had different effects on SOC composition, resulting in higher mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC) contents in plots than in plots; consequently, the former favored SOC stability more than the latter, with a lower POC/MAOC. Partial least-squares path modelling further indicated that mycorrhizae/hyphae indirectly affected LOC pools, mainly by changing soil pH and enzyme activities. Warming had no significant effect on SOC content but did change SOC composition by reducing LOC through affecting soil pH and iron oxides and ultimately increasing SOC stability in the presence of mycorrhizae for both plants. Therefore, the mycorrhizae of both plants are major contributors to the variation of SOC components and stability under warming conditions.
175. 题目: Biochar obtained from eucalyptus, rice hull, and native bamboo as an alternative to decrease mobility of hexazinone, metribuzin, and quinclorac in a tropical soil
期刊: Environmental Monitoring and Assessment
作者: Maria Alice Formiga Porto, Kassio Ferreira Mendes, Valdemar Luiz Tornisielo, Marcela Guiotoku, Matheus de Freitas Souza, Hamurábi Anizio Lins, Daniel Valadão Silva
摘要: Mobile herbicides have a high potential for groundwater contamination. An alternative to decrease the mobility of herbicides is to apply materials with high sorbent capacity to the soil, such as biochars. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of eucalyptus, rice hull, and native bamboo biochar amendments on sorption and desorption of hexazinone, metribuzin, and quinclorac in a tropical soil. The sorption–desorption was evaluated using the batch equilibrium method at five concentrations of hexazinone, metribuzin, and quinclorac. Soil was amended with eucalyptus, rice hull, and native bamboo biochar at a rate of 0 (control—unamended) and 1% (w w−1), corresponding to 0 and 12 t ha−1, respectively. The amount of sorbed herbicides in the unamended soil followed the decreasing order: quinclorac (65.9%) > metribuzin (21.4%) > hexazinone (16.0%). Native bamboo biochar provided the highest sorption compared to rice hull and eucalyptus biochar–amended soils for the three herbicides. The amount of desorbed herbicides in the unamended soil followed the decreasing order: metribuzin (18.35%) > hexazinone (15.9%) > quinclorac (15.1%). Addition of native bamboo biochar provided the lowest desorption among the biochar amendments for the three herbicides. In conclusion, the biochars differently affect the sorption and desorption of hexazinone, metribuzin, and quinclorac mobile herbicides in a tropical soil. The addition of eucalyptus, rice hull, and native bamboo biochars is a good alternative to increase the sorption of hexazinone, metribuzin, and quinclorac, thus, reducing mobility and availability of these herbicides to nontarget organisms in soil.
176. 题目: Speciation and Possible Origins of Organosulfur Compounds in Rice Paddy Soils Affected by Acid Mine Drainage
期刊: Environmental Science & Technology
作者: Meihui Ren, Qinglin Zhuang, Xiaoshuang He, Wenxuan Liu, Chuling Guo, Han Ye, John R Reinfelder, Chengyan Ma, Jianmin Li, Zhi Dang
摘要: Although sulfur cycling in acid mine drainage (AMD)-contaminated rice paddy soils is critical to understanding and mitigating the environmental consequences of AMD, potential sources and transformations of organosulfur compounds in such soils are poorly understood. We used sulfur K-edge X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy to quantify organosulfur compounds in paddy soils from five AMD-contaminated sites and one AMD-uncontaminated reference site near the Dabaoshan sulfide mining area in South China. We also determined the sulfur stable isotope compositions of water-soluble sulfate (δ34SWS), adsorbed sulfate (δ34SAS), fulvic acid sulfur (δ34SFAS), and humic acid sulfur (δ34SHAS) in these samples. Organosulfate was the dominant functional group in humic acid sulfur (HAS) in both AMD-contaminated (46%) and AMD-uncontaminated paddy soils (42%). Thiol/organic monosulfide contributed a significantly lower proportion of HAS in AMD-contaminated paddy soils (8%) compared to that in AMD-uncontaminated paddy soils (21%). Within contaminated soils, the concentration of thiol/organic monosulfide was positively correlated with cation exchange capacity (CEC), moisture content (MC), and total Fe (TFe). δ34SFAS ranged from −6.3 to 2.7‰, similar to δ34SWS (−6.9 to 8.9‰), indicating that fulvic acid sulfur (FAS) was mainly derived from biogenic S-bearing organic compounds produced by assimilatory sulfate reduction. δ34SHAS (−11.0 to −1.6‰) were more negative compared to δ34SWS, indicating that dissimilatory sulfate reduction and abiotic sulfurization of organic matter were the main processes in the formation of HAS.
177. 题目: The treatment of petrochemical wastewater via ozone-persulfate coupled catalytic oxidation: mechanism of removal of soluble organic matter
期刊: Environmental Science and Pollution Research
作者: Wenjing Guo, Chong Li, Junguang Zhao, Yun Ding, Qing Yang, Hongxun Guan
Petrochemical wastewater contains a variety of organic pollutants. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are used for deep petrochemical wastewater treatment with distinct advantages, including the complete mineralization of organic substances, minimal residual byproducts, and compatibility with biological treatment systems. This work evaluates the effectiveness of three methods, namely, ozone, persulfate, and O3-PMS (ozone-persulfate) processes, which were compared to remove soluble organic matter. The O3-PMS process offered significant advantages in terms of organic matter removal efficiency. This process involves ozone dissolution in an aqueous persulfate solution, producing a more significant amount of hydroxyl radicals in comparison to single AOPs. The production of hydroxyl radicals and the synergistic effect of hydroxyl radicals and persulfate radicals were investigated. In the O3-PMS process, transition metal ions were added to understand the mechanism of the O3-PMS coupled catalytic oxidation system. The results showed that when the ozone concentration was in the range of 5 ~ 25 mg/L, the dosage of persulfate was in the range of 0.01 ~ 0.05 mol/L, the dosage of metal compounds was in the range of 0:0 ~ 2:1, and the reaction time was in the range of 0 ~ 2 h; the optimum chemical oxygen demand (CODCr) and total organic content (TOC) removal effect was achieved under the coupled system with an ozone concentration of 10 mg/L, a persulfate dosage of 0.02 mol/L, a 1:2 dosage ratio of between Fe2+ and Cu2+ compounds, and a reaction time of 2 h. Under optimal reaction conditions, the rates of CODCr and TOC removal reached 70% and 79.3%, respectively. Furthermore, the removal kinetics of the O3-PMS coupled catalytic oxidation system was analyzed to optimize the removal conditions of COD and TOC, and the mechanism regulating the degradation of dissolved organic matter was explored by three-dimensional fluorescence and GC–MS technology. Thus, O3-PMS coupled catalytic oxidation is an effective process for the deep treatment of wastewater. The careful selection of transition metal ions serves as a theoretical foundation for the subsequent preparation of catalysts for the ozone persulfate oxidation system, and this study provides a suitable reference for removing organic matter from petrochemical wastewater.
178. 题目: Biochar effects on soil nitrogen retention, leaching and yield of perennial citron daylily under three irrigation regimes
期刊: Agricultural Water Management
作者: Xiaolei Sun, Xiaosong Yang, Zhengyi Hu, Fulai Liu, Zijian Xie, Songyan Li, Guoxi Wang, Meng Li, Zheng Sun, Roland Bol
摘要: Biochar can serve as a soil amendment to immobilize soil nitrogen (N) and reduce N leaching from cropland without negative effect on crop yield. However, the interaction effect of biochar application and irrigation regimes on soil N status (N retention and N loss) and crop yield is rarely reported in the open perennial vegetable field. A two-years field trial (transplanting in first year and consecutive growth in second year) was conducted in citron daylily vegetable cropping system on a sandy brown alluvial soil. Two biochar application rates (0 and 30 t ha) and three irrigation regimes (CDI, conventional drip irrigation; WSDI, water-saving drip irrigation with 80% of full irrigation quota; APRDI, alternate partial root-zone drip irrigation with 80% of full irrigation quota) were included. The response of crop yield and soil N status to both biochar application and irrigation regimes varied across planting years for perennial citron daylily. After the first planting year's harvest, APRDI enhanced flower bud yield by 18–28% compared to CDI and WSDI, likely due to improved nitrate use efficiency evidenced by lower soil nitrate retention in the surface soil (0–20 cm) post-harvest. However, biochar application resulted in a reduction of yield by 27% under APRDI. Additionally, WSDI with reduced yields, decreased soil TN in the sub-surface layer (20–50 cm) with 9–19% by comparison with other two irrigation regimes, resulting in higher TN concentration in the soil solution (14–28%) in and thus an increased risk for N leaching. However, after the second harvest year, there were no variations in crop yield induced by biochar application and irrigation regimes. Irrigation regimes exhibited limited influence on soil N status, while biochar application mitigated soil nitrogen decline in the 0–50 cm layer by enhancing organic nitrogen retention capacity for nearly 16–85%. Furthermore, the lowest TN concentration in the soil solution in the sub-surface layer (20–50 cm) with biochar application under APRDI suggested a reduced risk for N leaching. We conclude that combining biochar application with the APRDI regime could help retain soil N, decrease the risk of N leaching, and enhance crop yield in total for two consecutive planting years. Therefore, this approach is recommended for sustainable N management in long-term planting of perennial crops.
179. 题目: Biochar imparted constructed wetlands (CWs) for enhanced biodegradation of organic and inorganic pollutants along with its limitation
期刊: Environmental Monitoring and Assessment
作者: Ruba Munir, Amna Muneer, Bushra Sadia, Fazila Younas, Muhammad Zahid, Muhammad Yaseen, Saima Noreen
The remediation of polluted soil and water stands as a paramount task in safeguarding environmental sustainability and ensuring a dependable water source. Biochar, celebrated for its capacity to enhance soil quality, stimulate plant growth, and adsorb a wide spectrum of contaminants, including organic and inorganic pollutants, within constructed wetlands, emerges as a promising solution. This review article is dedicated to examining the effects of biochar amendments on the efficiency of wastewater purification within constructed wetlands. This comprehensive review entails an extensive investigation of biochar’s feedstock selection, production processes, characterization methods, and its application within constructed wetlands. It also encompasses an exploration of the design criteria necessary for the integration of biochar into constructed wetland systems. Moreover, a comprehensive analysis of recent research findings pertains to the role of biochar-based wetlands in the removal of both organic and inorganic pollutants. The principal objectives of this review are to provide novel and thorough perspectives on the conceptualization and implementation of biochar-based constructed wetlands for the treatment of organic and inorganic pollutants. Additionally, it seeks to identify potential directions for future research and application while addressing prevailing gaps in knowledge and limitations. Furthermore, the study delves into the potential limitations and risks associated with employing biochar in environmental remediation. Nevertheless, it is crucial to highlight that there is a significant paucity of data regarding the influence of biochar on the efficiency of wastewater treatment in constructed wetlands, with particular regard to its impact on the removal of both organic and inorganic pollutants.
180. 题目: Reactive oxygen species mediated extracellular polymeric substances production assisting the recovery of Thalassiosira pseudonana from polystyrene micro and nanoplastics exposure
期刊: Environmental Pollution
作者: Bihan Zhang, Ziqi Wang, Danrui Li, Luying Li, Yirong Zhao, Xuexi Tang, Yan Zhao
摘要: As emerging pollutants in the aquatic environments, micro- and nano-plastics (MNPs) aroused widespread environmental concerns for their potential threats to the ecological health. Previous research has proved that microalgae growth could recover from the MNPs toxicities, in which the extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) might play the key role. In order to comprehensively investigate the recovery process of microalgae from MNPs stress and the effecting mechanisms of EPS therein, this study conducted a series of experiments by employing two sizes (0.1 and 1 μm) of polystyrene (PS) MNPs and the marine model diatom during 14 days. The results indicated: the pigments accumulations and photosynthetic recovery of under MPs exposure showed in the early stage (4–5 days), while the elevation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and EPS contents lasted longer time period (7–8 days). EPS was aggregated with MNPs particles and microalgal cells, corresponding to the increased settlement rates. More increase of soluble (SL)-EPS contents was found than bound (B)-EPS under MNPs exposure, in which the increase of the protein proportion and humic acid-like substances in SL-EPS was found, thus facilitating aggregates formation. ROS was the signaling molecule mediating the overproduction of EPS. The transcriptional results further proved the enhanced EPS biosynthesis on the molecular level. Therefore, this study elucidated the recovery pattern of microalgae from MNPs stress and linked “ROS-EPS production changes-aggregation formation” together during the growth recovery process, with important scientific and environmental significance.

domain: agronomy


text:
Squish Squad is a group of humans, Squish Society is a culture of relating
Squish Squad Origin story
We found each other on the dance floor. In the mosh of dancing for hours on end at events, and for days at a time at transformational festivals we gathered our far-flung family, enfolding them in our embrace**. We rooted into the conscious movement hub that is the Bay Area and her satellite communities in Grass Valley and Los Angeles. Movement specialists, we performed bodywork on bodyworkers and stacked benefits as we stacked bodies on top of one another, compounding the collective release.
Through radical honesty and interpersonal intimacy, we opened into each other, revealing parts of ourselves we had believed could never be seen lest love be driven from the viewer of such internal shadow. We realized that darkness deferred merely meant it would crop up unconsciously and have its needs met in less savory means. Holding hands, we looked bravely into each otherâ€™s shadows and found the root of our concerns - we feared losing connection. Letting fall the social masks we began asking for what we really wanted, creating social structures and activities that met our needs in group and expedited everyoneâ€™s evolution within the progressing collective (eg. steam bath cleansing while singing, nomadic sauce nutrition, squish, cuddling, performance healing).
We are dancers and lifelong movers taking care of each otherâ€™s bodies.
We strengthened through strenuous activity, lifting other bodies, and we developed a massage style of healing and lengthening on the dance floor, in movement and pause at particularly pleasant positions to dive deep and sit in the scrumptious skeletal stillness.
We provide videos for you to get a sense of the style and demonstrate techniques, but a direct body transmission is a multisensory energetic experience that cannot simply be captured on film. This intangible healing field is enhanced when multiple healers gather together with shared intention and why this style benefits from a crew displaying a diversity of styles within the umbrella of Squish Squad. This exponentially multiplying effect is why we advocate for you to book the Squish Squad to come to your space so you can feel our frequency in your field.
kretur agency sport luxe
"Aleksandra is a sonic spiritual cheerleader - her empowering EP goes beyond simply enjoyably engaging the ear - it also acts as an opening offering inviting you into inspired inner reflection, resetting any pernicious patterns through motivating, mindful, melodic musical map-making. Aleksandraâ€™s layered liquid lubricating cooing echoes embed effortless ecstasy in focusing attention on choosing to embrace expansive love. Upon listening to the viral vocal vision of her energizing EP I found myself meditatively murmuring mantras, humming tones, lingering in luscious lyrics, and quoting timeless teachings of the Dao.
Aleksandraâ€™s alchemical EP has made charming cathartic chanting accessible to all seeking solace in sacred sound. Her operatic tones are a sonic smile - a flowering, flowing crystalline transmission of the divine, her singing seeping supportive soothing soul-salve. Her talents lay transformational tracks that stir spirit into spreading soaring wings, freeing the listener from the fetters of frenetic fretting. Aleksandraâ€™s latest release simultaneously speaks to the still sentinel witness within while kindling embodied expressive engagement with highest purpose.
This delicious EP is recommended for those on the path of personal evolution seeing to ground through gracefully grooving in gratitude and works wonderfully on repeat in any situation benefitting from a dose of masterful moving meditative mantra medicine.
Listening in love,
alex a razma"
x featured in Mikey Pauker'sÂ music video sagesÂ
music of samsun and cyrenaÂ (at 2016 heart tribe solstice)
samsun -Â bloom / spirit of the mountainÂ
cyrena - our space

domain: artistic


text:
I've been inspired by Saving Juliet and Much Ado about Nothing (the movie). I thought it would be fun to do a Shakespeare Challenge.
The challenge runs from September 1, 2009 - April 26, 2009 (Shakespeare's Birthday). Read 6 of any Shakespeare's works or any book inspired by a Shakespeare play. You can also watch any movie from or inspired by a Shakespeare play. ETA: You can also review plays that you see in a theater as well.
Feel free to take the logo here. If you twitter, please use the hashtag #muchado.
Need some suggestions, check here or here for movies and books check here or here. These lists are intended as inspiration and are by no means comprehensive.
Sign up here with Mr. Linky below. Please post a link to your challenge post. I will have a separate post for reviews starting in September. The post for reviews is here.
If Mr. Linky is not working, respond in the comments with your information.
I'll join :). I'm not very good at challenges, but I'll do my best...ReplyDelete
I'll have to think about this one, Andrea. I don't like to read Shakespeare, but maybe some of the spinoffs and such would be interesting. I know I have a book that's supposed to be a modern Hamlet that I got from ALA.ReplyDelete
Would seeing plays count for this?
I will say yes b/c if watching a movie counts, then seeing a play should count too.ReplyDelete
Most of the books on my list are adaptions or alternate views if that helps.
So, guess what, I'm dumb, I didn't actually link to the post. Can you delete my entry, or just relink it to http://mooredatsea.blogspot.com/2009/08/much-ado-about-shakespeare.htmlReplyDelete
Changed it Jason. No problem.ReplyDelete
It's been ages since I've read any Shakespeare, I'm game.ReplyDelete
Amanda, you might be interested in reading Rosencrantz and Guildenstern are Dead. It's a comedy play by Tom Stoppard based on Hamlet's friends.
Hi, I followed you over here from the link on A Novel Challenge... I'm not sure if I'll join this challenge or not (I'll think about it) but I wanted to tell you that your blog is beautiful!ReplyDelete
im not good at challenges but i like reading and i spend time watching these few months so I'll try my best...ReplyDelete
Shakespeare here i come...
I usually do not do challenges but could not resist this one, being Shakespeare one of my constant readings of all time. Looking forward to everyone's posts and the variety of texts!ReplyDelete
I'm so going to have to do this! Not that I like reading Shakespeare. But I like WATCHING Shakespeare. Hard thing is that Blockbuster doesn't carry many of them...I'll have to figure out another way...or watch something live!ReplyDelete
I'm joining in. I'll post and add it to Mr. Linky once I choose what I'm going to read.ReplyDelete
This challenge already exists here.ReplyDelete
Count me in - this is a wonderful challenge! I do have a question, though - do graphic novels count?ReplyDelete
My challenge post
I love your colours! ;-)
Jenn- Yes, graphic novels count. Anything pretty much goes for this challenge!ReplyDelete
I LOVED Shakespeare when I was i high school (which is more years ago than I care to remember)! Thanks for giving me the "nudge" I needed to dust off the volume of Shakespeare's plays & sonnets that has been sitting on my shelf.ReplyDelete
Excellent challenge! I'm having such a year of Shakespeare already, looking forward to more!ReplyDelete
Is it to late to sign up for this challenge?ReplyDelete
Lula - You can sign up at any time so join whenever you want!ReplyDelete


I get disgusted. When I separate my household waste into glass/metal, paper, compost, and the rest. When I look at the rest, I am angered that it is mostly made up of packaging plastics. Plastics made from petrol-based products that do not degrade, and hang around out environment forever – including threatening sea life. There must be a solution to this. Research is showing that mixing petrol-based plastics with plant cellulose fibers may be an answer to the accumulation of plastics in our environment.
- As of 2018, 335 million tons of plastics are produced globally each year.
- 45% of all plastics are produced in the United States.
- 29% of plastics produced in the US are used for packaging (15% building, 14% consumer).
- The packaging market, in the United States alone is worth $100 billion, a quarter of the global market.
- In the United States over 60 billion pounds of plastic are discarded into the waste stream each year (from 4 billion in 1970). Most of this is in Municipal Solid Waste.
- One-half of all discarded plastic comes from packaging. Almost one-third comes from packaging that is discarded soon after use.
- Beach litter is 40-60 percent plastic, much of which often floats in from the sea. Such beach litter is hazardous to birds, fish and animals who die from ingesting it or becoming entangled in it.
- Wide-scale postconsumer recycling of plastics is relatively new. Modern plastics are becoming harder to recycle.
There is much research being conducted of mixing petrol-based plastics with plant based cellulose fibers. Experiments world wide have shown that, for example, polypropylene by itself will never degrade. However, if mixed with any plant based cellulose, such as rice, hemp, or trees, it will degrade based on the amount of cellulose in it. The more cellulose the faster it degrades.
As an example, a Cellulose Fiber Research paper showed that a 50% content of cellulose fibers significantly increases the rate of decomposition of polypropylene. Hybrid compositions are being constructed that are totally replaceable for many applications – even for food grade or pharmaceutical applications, even 3D printing.
So what are we waiting for. The planet is suffocating in plastic. Let’s move forward quickly with an alternative.


text:
- News & Events
- Latest News
- ZooLab Experience
ZooLab ExperienceReturn to Latest News
Students at NBS Kenton had a visit from ZooLab. Students experienced a workshop associated with classification and had the opportunity to meet and handle numerous animals including rats, snakes, cockroaches, frogs, stick insects and more! The classification workshop is part of an experimental and interactive learning experience which introduces ZooLab animals that include vertebrates and invertebrates. Pupils explored different classes of animal and uncovered their differences and similarities themselves.

domain: biology


War reporting plan may be watershed for Iraq occupation
A watershed came this week when Congress signaled, for the first time, that it is no longer willing to rubber-stamp President Bush’s policies on the war and occupation of Iraq.
The Senate voted 79 to 19 for a Republican plan asking that the Bush administration “explain to Congress and the American people its strategy for a successful completion of the mission in Iraq."
The plan asks the president to give a quarterly report to Congress on issues like the preparedness of Iraqi troops to take the lead in combat operations. Next year “should be a period of significant transition to full Iraqi sovereignty," according to the GOP-authored proposal.
How the administration will respond to the symbolic Senate vote is as unclear at the moment as its overall policy in Iraq. Early indications, however, were not encouraging.
Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld continued to say that there were “honest mistakes" in the Bush administration’s prewar intelligence on Iraq. Administration leaders, including the president himself, have increasingly used that excuse in response to the growing discontent.
But let’s be honest. The administration’s eagerness to embrace bad intelligence as a primary justification for invading Iraq is more than just a mistake; it is an egregious error at the highest levels of power that has produced extremely serious consequences.
The lack of any long-range plan for occupation and reconstruction, to say nothing of an exit strategy, has compounded the intelligence blunder. The administration wrongly assumed the occupying American troops would be welcomed in Iraq with open arms, as they were in World War II when France was liberated from the Nazis, and that democracy would quickly blossom in the parched soil.
We are paying for these errors in blood and money. The public angst is clear in the polls; now the Senate has made it equally clear that its blinkers are off on Bush’s Iraq policy.
Bush, who is overseas, sent word that he welcomes the opportunity to report to Congress on the progress of the war.
The president, however, did not respond to the request to explain his strategy in Iraq.
Perhaps he will soon, for there is much to explain. Americans want to know, for example, why only one battalion -- about 700 Iraqi troops -- has been trained sufficiently to operate independently. They want to know how many more Iraqi troops need to be trained before U.S. forces can stand down, and how long that training will last. And they want to know how the program in Iraq will be more successful than the disastrous policy of “Vietnamization" three decades ago.
Bush has much to answer for. If he fails to offer convincing answers promptly, he risks further alienation of his party and the electorate.


We've got some sad news today as we've learned that Jan Hooks, former star of 'Saturday Night Live,' has passed away at the age of 57. Hooks, who was a member of the cast from 1986 to 1991, also starred on the hit sitcom 'Designing Women,' and more recently played Jenna's mom on episodes of '30 Rock.'
Richard Kiel, the man most famous for playing James Bond villain Jaws in both 'The Spy Who Loved Me' and 'Moonraker,' passed away earlier this afternoon in Fresno, California at the age of 74. He was just a few days away from celebrating his 75th birthday.
Legendary comedian and talk show host Joan Rivers has left the world with a little less laughter today -- the feisty television mainstay known for her hilarious candor and dizzyingly quick wit has sadly passed away at the age of 81, following complications during a surgical procedure.
The time has come yet again to welcome some new additions to Netflix Instant, which means even more options to add to queue -- and even more hours of endless browsing and indecision, if you're anything like most of us. There's tons of great stuff coming to the service this month, so read on for our guide to the newest releases hitting Netflix Instant this September.
Amid all the celebrations and laughter during Sunday night's 2014 Emmy Awards, there was one larger-than-life presence that was sorely missed: the late, great Robin Williams. And following the annual In Memoriam segment to honor the famous faces we've lost over the last year, Billy Crystal took the stage to honor his longtime friend and fellow comedian in a moving and heartfelt tribute.
Don Pardo, the man who introduced the 'SNL' lineup every week since 1975, has sadly passed away at the age of 96. Pardo also lent his voice to radio, sports, game shows, and commercials over the course of his incredibly long-running career, but we'll always remember him best for that wonderful phrase: "It's 'Saturday Night Live!'"
Lauren Bacall, the legendary actress who gave us memorable performances in classic films like 'Key Largo' and 'How to Marry a Millionaire,' has sadly passed away at the age of 89. A talented woman who appeared in many films in the Golden Age of Hollywood, Bacall was a true silver screen icon.
If you're looking for something to watch in the comfort of your own home, Netflix has some great new titles hitting Instant in August, including the long-awaited fourth season of 'The Killing.' Read on for our guide to the best new titles coming to Netflix Instant in August 2014.
It is with great sadness that we bring you the news that Elaine Stritch, the iconic actress of Broadway, film and television has passed away at the age of 89. Stritch, who was nominated for many Tony and Emmy awards and won three of the latter, was known best in recent years for her role as Colleen Donaghy, mother of Jack, on '30 Rock.'
Later this year, director Ridley Scott is bringing us yet another film epic with the biblical story of Moses in 'Exodus: Gods and Kings' (formerly titled 'Exodus'), and today brings an in-depth look at stars Christian Bale, Joel Edgerton and the rest of the cast. It's a big year for Bible stories, but like 'Noah,' this one isn't going to be very typical.
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I once saw Boyd Rice perform a live soundtrack to John Parker’s Dementia (aka Daugther of Horror, 1955), playing waterphone and bass harmonica, backed by Dwid Hellion from the hardcore band Integrity, in a cinema in central Paris. But mixed in among Rice and Hellion’s loops lay spectral traces of the film’s original orchestral soundtrack, by the former ‘bad boy’ of new music, George Antheil. Re-watching the film some years later, it’s clear that a major contributor to Dementia‘s singular atmosphere of oneiric noir is its score – one of the composer’s last, but by no means least, works.
As an American in Europe during the interwar years, Antheil had been at the very frontline of the avant-garde, collaborating with Dadaists and associated, for a time, with the machine music of the German November Group (Novembergruppe). But from the late 1930s on, the Trenton, New Jersey-born composer would embark on a career in Hollywood, composing comparatively unremarkable (and often uncredited) music for directors such as Cecil B. DeMille (The Plainsman, Union Pacific), Nicholas Ray (Knock on Any Door, In a Lonely Place), and William Castle (Serpent of the Nile, New Orleans Uncensored). In the mid-50s, however, at the time Dementia was in production, the now quinquagenarian composer would start to revisit some of the pioneering work of his youth, revising both the Ballet Mécanique and Jazz Symphony.
Following the murderous dreams-within-dreams of an unnamed female protagonist through a nighttime world of deserted street corners and jazz clubs, Dementia‘s soundtrack is alive with popular rhythms – from the cool, west-coast jazz of Shorty Rogers in the nightclub scene to the various transformations and transpositions of a simple habanera, which seem to crop up whenever the gamin (as Adrienne Barrett’s part is listed in the credits) encounters some attempted seducer. Antheil eschews stepwise melodic movement in favour of motifs made up of serpentine cadences in minor seconds and diminished sevenths. The soundtrack is full of neat touches like the brief flurry of a toy piano in the Rich Man’s apartment, or the sawing cello portamento as the gamin hacks off his dead hand in the street outside. The repeated thrumming of harp strings establishes the dreamlike mode from the very beginning of the film, in time-honoured fashion.
What is perhaps spookiest of all about this score, however, is the voice, often blended with woodwind to create a weird, theremin-like sound; singing eerie chromatic peals of wordless vocalese; Marni Nixon’s voice haunts this soundtrack like a guilty secret. A former child actress turned opera singer, you are most likely to have heard Nixon’s voice dubbing Marilyn Monroe’s high notes in Gentlemen Prefer Blondes, or as the singing voice of Deborah Kerr in An Affair to Remember and Natalie Wood in West Side Story (unbeknown to Wood herself). In this film without dialogue, Nixon provides a similar function in supplying her own disembodied voice to the voiceless body.
From the numinous off-stage voices of the very earliest operas to the various talking automata of the 18th and 19th centuries, there has always been something deeply uncanny about a voice without an apparent (human) source – and all the more so if that voice is stripped of a clear lyric to anchor its meaning. As the Slovenian philosopher and author of A Voice and Nothing More, Mladen Dolar has suggested, ‘What defines the voice as special among the infinite array of acoustic phenomena, is its inner relationship with meaning. The voice,’ he continues, ‘is something which points towards meaning,’ and yet when that implied meaning is refused and obscured, the voice becomes a kind of fetish, pointing only towards the absence of meaning and the gap between sound and its source, or sense and signification. In the context of Dementia, then, Nixon’s voice is both that what bridges the gap between the real and the dream, between the work and its audience, and also what draws attention to the very existence of that gap. Antheil’s use of the voice here recalls finally Edvard Munch’s famous painting, The Scream, in which the voice is ultimately that which reminds us of the impossibility of communication, of our isolation in an ocean of sounds.


text:
Booth, H., Ma, W., and Karakuş, O. (2023) High-precision density mapping of marine debris and floating plastics via satellite imagery. Sci. Rep., 13(1), 6822, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-33612-2
The fifth International Ocean Colour Science (IOCS) meeting will take place in St. Petersburg, FL, USA from 14 – 17 November 2023, and will be convened by the International Ocean Colour Coordinating Group (IOCCG) in partnership with the University of South Florida, and thanks to sponsorship from several sponsors.

domain: geography


text:
Glen Cary Lutheran Church
A youth director accused of having an inappropriate relationship with a young girl he met at church has been found not guilty on all counts.
The brother of a youth minister accused of sexually abusing a child says he warned the church about Damien Burkhalter.
Shortly after Glen Cary Lutheran Church hired Damian Burkhalter as youth director, Burkhalter’s relatives say they told Pastor Paul Settergren approximately four years ago he should not have any contact with children.
The youth director at Glen Cary Lutheran Church has been formally charged with criminal sexual conduct, after it was revealed he engaged in an alleged ongoing sexual relationship with a young girl he met at the church.

domain: sociology


Mbali Ntuli has resigned as a member of the Democratic Alliance aswell as a member of the KwaZuluNatal Legislature.
Ntuli’s resignation comes after occupying the position for almost 3 years. She has a political career that spans almost 15 years.
She graduated from the DA Young Leaders Programme in 2008. She then went back to KZN where she was elected as the Party’s Provincial youth chairperson.
In 2010, Ntuli became DA’s Youth Federal Chair and became a Councillor in Inanda on the eThekwini Municipality in 2011.
In 2013 she became DA’s Youth Federal leader and the following year she was elected to the KZN Legislature after the general elections.


Writing at The Atlantic, Caitlin Flanagan thinks colleges are lying to students. Colleges are saying professors want to teach students how to think, but professors are actually telling students what to think.
Here is a taste of Flanagan’s piece:
My father was an academic and a writer who cared a great deal about teaching, and he was never off the clock.
There we’d be, chatting away, when some new subject or other would heave into view, and I’d launch into a long assessment of it. I’d be certain—absolutely positive—that I was right. My father would listen, head cocked a little to the side, often smiling a bit, sometimes raising his eyebrows after an especially bold point. For some reason, I would feel encouraged—not wary—and I’d bash ahead into bolder assessments.
Eventually, I’d run out of steam and finish up, with some sort of gesture meaning “case closed.”
There would be a moment of silence. And then my father would say—gently, because there was zero need to say it any other way: “And what is the best argument of the other side?”
The best argument of the other side! Jesus Christ—the other side? The whole point of the argument was to destroy the other side! I was there to illuminate and then devastate the other side by engaging deeply with the worst it had to offer.
Which is usually a light lift.
I had learned the style and the rhetorical turns of making a great case, but I didn’t know the first thing about fortifying it with facts, reason, logic—or the best argument of the side I was treating in such a cavalier way.
You don’t have to delve into the arcana of the Third Reich to destroy anyone making a case for it. But these layups rarely present themselves in decent places. Most of the time, the subjects we talk about are—for all of their flattening by cable news and internet wormholes and all the rest of it—extremely complicated.
A teacher should never do your thinking for you. She should give you texts to read and guide you along the path of making sense of them for yourself. She should introduce you to the books and essays of writers who disagree with one another and ask you to determine whose case is better.
Many college professors don’t want to do that today. They don’t want to “platform” a writer they think is wrong; they don’t want to participate in “both sides-ism.” The same thing is true for the students who pound on the doors of lecture halls and pull fire alarms and throw garbage cans down hallways to protest the 45-minute speech of a visitor.
They believe in sympathetic magic. They believe that words—even those spoken within a lecture hall—will damage them and their classmates. The truth is that they’re scared. They don’t think their ideas can outmatch those of the hated speaker.
Is there anything more satisfying than watching a debate in which the sophist gets defenestrated by someone smarter, better prepared, and obviously right?
Don’t bang on the doors of the lecture hall. Universities should book this character in the biggest auditorium they have. Broadcast him live on a campus radio station. Tell him the only requirement for his visit is that he engage in debate with a student—and then track down the young woman or man who owns this subject. And the professors who can help him or her to make the strongest possible case.
Do you think evil can stand up against that student’s case? It can’t.
The truth bats last.
Read the entire piece here.


text:
Join us for a webinar on new technologies in cash transfer programming and humanitarian assistance this Thursday! Concern Worldwide's Gabrielle Smith will present her findings from a study she co-authored for the Cash Learning Partnership (CaLP) and we will explore how NGOs can improve their operational efficiencies and provide better access to financial services for beneficiaries. http://nethope.org/blog/2012/06/new-technologies-in-cash-transfer-programming-and-humanitarian-assistance-w/
no plus ones
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domain: finance


text:
Surprising connections between knowledge and action: The robustness of the epistemic side-effect effect
Graduate studies at Western
Philosophical Psychology 25 (5):689 - 715 (2012)
|Abstract||A number of researchers have begun to demonstrate that the widely discussed ?Knobe effect? (wherein participants are more likely to think that actions with bad side-effects are brought about intentionally than actions with good or neutral side-effects) can be found in theory of mind judgments that do not involve the concept of intentional action. In this article we report experimental results that show that attributions of knowledge can be influenced by the kinds of (non-epistemic) concerns that drive the Knobe effect. Our findings suggest there is good reason to think that the epistemic version of the Knobe effect is a theoretically significant and robust effect, and that the goodness or badness of side-effects can often have greater influence on participant knowledge attributions than explicit information about objective probabilities. Thus, our work sheds light on important ways in which participant assessments of actions can affect the epistemic assessments participants make of agents? beliefs|
|Keywords||No keywords specified (fix it)|
|Categories||categorize this paper)|
|Through your library||Configure|
Similar books and articles
James R. Beebe & Wesley Buckwalter (2010). The Epistemic Side-Effect Effect. Mind and Language 25 (4):474-498.
Adam Feltz (2007). The Knobe Effect: A Brief Overview. Journal of Mind and Behavior 28:265-277.
Berit Brogaard (2010). Stupid People Deserve What They Get: The Effects of Personality Assessment on Judgments of Intentional Action. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 33 (4):332-334.
James Beebe (2013). A Knobe Effect for Belief Ascriptions. Review of Philosophy and Psychology 4 (2):235-258.
Sandra Pellizzoni, Vittorio Girotto & Luca Surian (2010). Beliefs and Moral Valence Affect Intentionality Attributions: The Case of Side Effects. Review of Philosophy and Psychology 1 (2):201-209.
Ron Mallon (2008). Knobe Vs Machery: Testing the Trade-Off Hypothesis. Mind and Language 23 (2):247-255.
Florian Cova & Hichem Naar (2012). Side-Effect Effect Without Side Effects: The Pervasive Impact of Moral Considerations on Judgments of Intentionality. Philosophical Psychology 25 (6):837-854.
Roblin R. Meeks (2004). Unintentionally Biasing the Data: Reply to Knobe. Journal of Theoretical and Philosophical Psychology 24 (2):220-223.
Joshua Knobe, Adam Cohen & Alan Leslie (2006). Acting Intentionally and the Side-Effect Effect: 'Theory of Mind' and Moral Judgment. Psychological Science 17:421-427.
Joshua Shepherd (2012). Action, Attitude, and the Knobe Effect: Another Asymmetry. Review of Philosophy and Psychology 3 (2):171-185.
John Michael McGuire (2012). Side-Effect Actions, Acting for a Reason, and Acting Intentionally. Philosophical Explorations 15 (3):317 - 333.
Brian Robinson, Paul Stey & Mark Alfano (2013). Virtue and Vice Attributions in the Business Context: An Experimental Investigation. [REVIEW] Journal of Business Ethics 113 (4):649-661.
Andy Wible (2009). Knobe, Side Effects, and the Morally Good Business. Journal of Business Ethics 85 (1):173 - 178.
Frank Hindriks (2008). Intentional Action and the Praise-Blame Asymmetry. Philosophical Quarterly 58 (233):630-641.
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domain: psychology


The Vendor Ratings add-on is a powerful tool that will measure the customer experience your sellers provide. It is a great way to speak for vendor performance, ranking and the services your vendors offer.
The power of ratings should not be underestimated. Customers coming online to shop greatly value ratings and their buying decision is, more often than not, based on them. Each seller should strive for good ratings and reviews as higher rating will bring more sales.
The rating is scored on a scale of 1 to 5 stars. Over time, vendors develop a reputation, based on other people’s comments and ratings.
Customers can rate a vendor by clicking the Rate vendor button and filling in the form:
On the detailed vendor page, customers can view vendor rating and reviews:
Vendor rating is also available on the All vendors page next to each vendor.
You can choose to receive an email notification each time a bad review is left for a vendor.
Please, note that only customers who registered and logged in are able to leave a review.
The add-on is compatible with Multi-Vendor 4.3 and above, but only versions 4.11.x, 4.12.x and 4.13.x are supported. PHP 7.0 and higher is required.
Don’t know what archive to download to install the add-on? Read here.
This add-on is developed and published by Simtech Development Ltd., a CS-Cart developer. You are guaranteed a quality add-on supported by the future versions. If you need help, please contact us via our help desk system.
Check out the Vendor Ratings add-on in our demo store.
Every half an hour the demo store is reset to the default state.
Managing in the admin panel¶
Installing the add-on¶
Install the Vendor Ratings add-on on the add-ons list page (Add-ons → Manage add-ons). Click the + button in the top right corner, select an archive and click Upload & install. You can now find the installed add-on in the list of installed add-ons, just make sure it is set to Active.
Setting up the add-on¶
Here are available settings of the Vendor Ratings add-on.
- Send email notifications to—Enter an email address of the person who should be notified of negative reviews.
- Negative rating up to—The maximum number of stars that is considered to be a negative review. Say, you consider 2 or less stars as a negative rating, then if a customer gives you 1 or 2 star(s), a notification will be sent to the email address defined in the setting above.
The following three settings will allow you to select the position of the vendor rating on the product details page:
- Show rating next to vendor’s name—Show vendor rating next to vendor’s name.
- Show rating in tab—Show vendor rating in a separate tab.
- Show rating in promotions block—Show vendor rating in the block with promotions.
You will also need to make some adjustments in the standard Comments and reviews add-on.
In the Reviews select-box select either Rating or Communication and rating.
In the former case customers will be able to give you a rating only:
In the latter case customers will be able to give you a rating and write a review:
If you require approving reviews submitted by customers, choose whose comments should be approved.:
Specify the rest of the settings up to your liking.


text:
Burton Road on the A65, near Kendal, is partially blocked in both directions due to an accident involving two vehicles at Oxenholm Lane.
More top news
Stormy weather on the way.
Richard Rose Central Academy hosted the show and students were later given the chance to explore the issues that hate crime raises.
The town centre now features The Kings own Scottish Borderer First World War statue, created by renowned sculptor Alan Herriot.

domain: news


text:
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text:
All of our seeds are fresh and stored properly before shipping.
Organic Salad Bowl leaf lettuce (Lactuca sativa var. Foliosa) seeds come from organic farms, where they were produced in accordance with EU requirements, i.e. without the use of chemical plant protection products and artificial fertilizers.
As a result, vegetables grown from them are free of harmful compounds that can cause diseases and allergies.
Red Salad Bowl leaf lettuce creates loose rosettes made of decorative purple leaves.
Its leaves are low in calories and very delicate in taste, and additionally rich in fiber, which facilitates digestion and valuable vitamins and minerals.
Red Salad Bowl lettuce blends in well with salads, and can also be used to decorate platters and sandwiches.
Red Salad Bowl lettuce seeds are sown in early spring under cover.
The seedling is ready to be planted permanently after about 5 weeks after sowing.
Seedlings are planted 30 x 20 cm apart.
Harvesting can be carried out successively until the end of summer.
Lettuce yields best in sunny positions and on fertile, humus, sandy loam and fast-heating soils.
The package contains 0.5 g rams or around 100 seeds


text:
Maggie's Farm has had a tumultuous few years. Fortunately, it's emerged as lovable as ever.
The restaurant is on Harford Road in the former home of Chameleon Cafe, an early pioneer in Baltimore's farm-to-table restaurant scene. In 2012, Chameleon was reborn as Maggie's Farm, still a farm-driven spot with much of the same staff, but with new ownership.
The following year, the restaurant owners at the time — Andrew Weinzirl, Laura Marino and Matthew Weaver — appeared on the Food Network show "Restaurant Divided," where they received a makeover and worked through differences over the direction of the menu. They decided to blend their farm-to-table ethos with Southern flavors.
But that wasn't the end of the story. This past February, Weaver and his wife, Andrea, bought out Weinzirl and Marino. The Weavers promoted Timothy Hogan from sous chef to executive chef, and the restaurant's menu underwent yet another change, this time drawing inspiration from around the globe.
Hogan's dishes are sophisticated but not overly fancy; his food is fun, as befits the restaurant's funky space. On a recent Wednesday night, after weaving through outdoor tables and pots of herbs, we made our way into the dim, red-wallpapered dining room. Even in low lighting, the room displays plenty of personality, from the prints on the walls to strings of tiny red lights over the bar.
Our first brush with the menu was a bit of a disappointment when we learned the kitchen was out of an appetizer we'd been eyeing, the Nashville hot chicken bun. Instead, we tried a different steamed bun, this one stuffed with fried oyster, kimchi and herbaceous aioli; it was lovely.
We were equally taken with a plate of crispy Brussels sprouts mixed with tiny sweet grapes, and a hunk of sausage served alongside sweet sauteed fennel with tangy tomato jam. Our favorite appetizer was Ethiopian-inspired okra, grilled and paired with potatoes, harissa — a hot chili condiment — and a mixed batch of soft, savory vegetables seasoned with the African spices.
Okra is a staple of Ethiopian cuisine and Southern American cooking, but it's not something that pops up on Baltimore menus frequently — maybe because cooking it properly can be challenging. Hogan's risk paid off, though. It was tender, not a bit slimy, and an overall hit.
Large-plate options are limited at Maggie's Farm, with just four entrees and two sandwiches on the menu during our visit. We tried three of the four entrees, which had one thing in common: They all featured flavors piled on top of more flavors.
Before cooking, brisket was rubbed with Zeke's coffee; on the plate, it was doused with sweet apricot barbecue sauce and paired with hunks of toasted cornbread and tart kimchi slaw.
Rockfish and almond-studded green beans were simply prepared but jump-started with lemony potatoes and a bright scattering of gingery tomatoes.
Duck breast was beautifully grilled, with a well-seasoned crust, and served over sweet red onion jam, an earthy jumble of potatoes and beets, and a side of crunchy green beans, then topped with a dollop of intense, grainy mustard.
On each plate, every element was cooked and seasoned nicely and, as a whole, the flavors worked in concert. The dishes were exciting and interesting — but by the end of the meal, a bit of flavor fatigue set in. We were aching for something simpler.
It wasn't a surprise, then, that our favorite dish of the bunch was the most basic: the burger. With meat sourced locally from Monkton's Roseda Farm, seasoned perfectly and stacked on a glossy bun with bacon, cheddar, pickles, smoky ketchup and mustard, the burger was big, juicy and exactly right. French fries, crispy and salty, also made us smile.
The same was true of the desserts. We liked both our choices but gravitated toward the rustic peach cobbler over the powerfully tart, fancier blueberry mousse.
Exploring the cocktail menu, we discovered a wide range of drinks. A mixture of lemon juice and watermelon-infused vodka was summery and bright; a combination of gin, lemon juice and soda water was spare and sophisticated.
Other drinks were less refined, but equally enjoyable. A basil, grapefruit and beer concoction was light and fun, and a gigantic mojito, served in a 32-ounce Mason jar, was well-balanced — and the size made it hilarious.
The service, like those beachy drinks, was laid-back but perhaps too relaxed for the food. Drinks and appetizers took too long to arrive, pushing dinner to the outer limits of a "leisurely" meal.
But we couldn't be too upset about the pacing, or the low-key approach to service. Not when we had Hogan's many masterful flavors to keep us entertained.
Where: 4341 Harford Road, Baltimore
Contact: 410-254-2376; maggiesfarmmd.com
Open: Monday-Thursday, 11 a.m. to 2:30 p.m. and 5:30 p.m. to 10 p.m.; Friday, 11 a.m. to 2:30 p.m. and 5:30 p.m. to 11 p.m.; Saturday, 11 a.m. to 11 p.m.; Sunday 11 a.m. to 10 p.m.
Prices: Snacks, $5-$15; sandwiches, $14-$15; entrees, $21-$28
Food: Creative American dishes influenced by international cuisines
Noise/TVs: One television kept on occasionally, including for Orioles games and occasional movies
Service: Friendly, but can be slow
Special diets: The kitchen will adjust dishes to accommodate allergies and dietary restrictions
Reservation policy: Reservations are accepted
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Nearby reviews: Dish Baltimore - Hamilton/Lauraville

domain: food


text:
Tucked away in the boggy woods of Berkeley County sits the ominously-named Hell Hole Swamp. The origins of the Jamestown swamp’s colorful moniker are unclear, though the phrase “Hell Hole” predates the Revolutionary War, appearing on James Cook’s 1773 map of South Carolina. Nevertheless, local legend credits General Cornwallis with the name; he is said to have written in a letter to King George that General Marion and his men had vanished into “one hell of a hole of a swamp.”
Regardless of how Hell Hole Swamp got its name, people have gathered here since 1972 to celebrate its geography and lore, which is famously mired in bootlegging and murder. A former depot for the Seaboard Coast Line Railroad, seen above and below, serves as festival headquarters.
The festival mascot is not an animal, nor is it a person. Instead, an actual moonshine still, once seized by federal agents, is displayed at the annual event, paying homage to Berkeley County’s reputation as a haven for corn liquor. The area became a moonshine hub in the 1920s and 1930s during Prohibition – to the chagrin of Governor John Richards, a proponent and enforcer of the state’s “blue laws,” or laws prohibiting certain activities on Sundays. Governor Richards also detested alcohol and sought to arrest those making or carrying the substance illegally. Family rivalries abounded in Hell Hole, and gunfights often erupted in the backwood thickets of the county. Moonshining in Hell Hole once even led to the death of a South Carolina senator.
On the morning of July 24, 1930, Senator Edward J. “Ned” Dennis of Pinopolis was shot on his way to work in Moncks Corner by W.L. “Sporty” Thornley. Senator Dennis died the following day, and his family’s account of the incident claims that he was shot by a man hired by Hell Hole bootleggers in response to Dennis’ strict enforcement of Prohibition. However, others say that the senator, a lawyer, was involved in a moonshining racket himself, representing apprehended moonshiners and subsequently lining his pockets with attorney fees in a plan involving Dennis, the sheriff, and the deputy sheriff. The group was also rumored to sell the seized moonshine to bootleggers.
Whether or not Senator Dennis was a rigid Prohibitionist or a corrupt player in a moonshining racket, he was indeed murdered for his role in the illicit liquor trade. His son, Senator Rembert Dennis, ran for his father’s old seat in 1943 and served in the state senate until 1988. Prior to that, Rembert Dennis served in the South Carolina House of Representatives from 1938 until 1942. The Rembert C. Dennis Building within the State House complex in Columbia is named for him.
Prohibition was officially repealed in 1933, but moonshiners continued plying their contraband liquor. When resident Cecil Guerry founded the festival in 1971, he selected the still as the symbol for the event, proudly placing it behind festival headquarters. The festival includes unusual events by modern standards, including a spitting contest, a legs contest, arm wrestling, a parade, the Miss Hell Hole beauty pageant, and a race called the Hell Hole Gator Trot. The Hell Hole Gator Trot is the Lowcountry’s oldest 10k race, besting the renowned Cooper River Bridge Run in Charleston. Winners of the race receive fake alligator heads as trophies and get to participate in the parade, held after the race.
The Hell Hole Swamp Festival is held during the first full weekend of May. For those in the Lowcountry at that time, the event is quite memorable. Behind the former depot you can catch a glimpse of the old still – and maybe even some newer ones, depending on how deep into the swamp you choose to go.

domain: history


text:
Showcase a stunning plant inside this spectacular black geometric. Metal shapes fuse to form the base of the planter while iron bars stretch up from the corners to build an open top. This versatile piece works equally well for fragrant herbs, small flowers, or something leafier.
- Dimensions: 10 x 4 x 8.75 inches
- Material: Metal
- Style tip: Use indoors or outdoors. This planter can hang on walls or stand on its own. Does not include drainage.
- Hanging: Includes two metal keyhole hangers on back for easy hanging on your walls. Hanging hardware is not included.

domain: design


text:
A few days ago we shared the news of Pearl V Puri getting arrested on charges of raping a minor girl and it has left everyone startled. The actor has been granted interim bail but the actor is still in a state of shock. A very close friend of Pearl had revealed that he is a very honest and innocent boy and the allegations against him are completely baseless.
In an interview with PInkvilla, Pearl’s friend Rashmi Arya had revealed, “He has just returned and is in a state of shock. I am his very close friend, so I know that he is a very innocent and honest boy. Whatever he has faced recently, it was a very bad phase. Now, all we want is that he and his mom remain fine, and we can’t say more than that at this point. But the truth will come out soon, that’s my guarantee.”
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When asked about what will be Pearl’s next step, Rashmi refused to reveal any details on that. She said, “We can’t reveal that right now, but all I can say is we need justice. A large part of the truth is already out, and the part that’s not out I am sure will be out soon.”
Stay tuned for more updates.