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Apple cider vinegar (well know as ACV) has actually been a popular natural treatment for years, being used in medicine and also food preparation for centuries. Many think that when it is utilized appropriately, it will certainly soothe a huge selection of health and wellness complaints, helping them to slim down, decrease their cholesterol degrees, lowered blood glucose degrees, and additionally help enhance indicators that come with diabetic issues mellitus. There are so many techniques to utilize it is often seems like the marvel formula we need for a delighted in addition to healthy life. Importance Of Apple Cider Vinegar
Numerous of the advantages of using apple cider vinegar consist of:
Among the biggest good manners in which it can aid with your health and wellness and also health is by decreasing your blood sugar level level degrees and assisting you handle diabetic issues mellitus. Kind 2 diabetes mellitus is a problem in the body that includes high blood sugar levels, generally triggered by a resistance to insulin or a failing of the body to produce enough insulin on its own.Even if you do not have diabetes mellitus, you can gain from utilizing this miracle fluid to assist guarantee your blood glucose level levels remain in the regular array. High blood sugar level degree levels, whether it causes diabetes or otherwise, can develop aging as well as other persistent conditions if left uncontrolled. While the healthiest means to manage these blood sugar level degrees is to limit the quantity of sugar along with enhanced sugars you have daily. But apple cider vinegar can supply a fringe benefit to your levels.
You do call for to protect a healthy and balanced as well as balanced diet plan regimen along with using the apple cider vinegar. When you work together with decreasing your carbs as well as restricting the amount of sugars you eat daily, and also after that include a bit of apple cider vinegar, you will locate that your blood sugar level levels remain stable, which can supply a good deal of advantages to your whole body, even if you do not experience diabetic person concerns.
Helps with Shedding Extra Pounds
Great deals of people use apple cider vinegar to assist help in their fat burning trip. There have been a number of human investigates that assist demonstrate how apple cider vinegar will certainly improve your sensations of volume. When you really feel complete as well as likewise pleased, you will certainly eat less calories as well as end up going down weight at the same time.
In among these investigates, taking vinegar along with a meal that is high in carbohydrates aided cause really feeling complete quicker, which set off the individuals to take in to 275 less calories for the remainder of the day. In one more research that had 175 individuals that had excessive weight, it exposed that having a little of apple cider vinegar a day might help with weight management in addition to reduction stubborn belly fat.Importance Of Apple Cider Vinegar
Simply how much do you need? Not as long as you would certainly think. Over a 3 month duration, taking 1 tbsp of apple cider vinegar created a common loss of 2.6 additional pounds along with taking 2 tablespoons resulted in a typical weight management of 3.7 extra pounds. This could show up small, nonetheless thinking about the individuals did not transform anything else regarding their diet regimen as well as way of living, it is an amazing thing to see.
Enhances Your Heart Health
Heart problem is a leading cause of death in Americans. There are several different natural variables that link to how likely it is you will definitely manage cardiovascular disease. In fact, research advises that vinegar is utilized to help limitation these risk aspects along with can enhance precisely just how healthy and balanced as well as well balanced your heart can be.
For example, apple cider vinegar has the ability to assist reduce your triglyceride as well as additionally cholesterol levels. These are both major threat components to heart trouble in individuals as well as being able to lower these will aid you to feel much healthier and additionally far better overall. Various other looks into find that apple cider vinegar is able to reduce your hypertension, which is a big risk variable for not only heart issue, yet likewise for kidney difficulties.
When it involves our hearts, it is extremely essential to take all safety measures possible to aid maintain it healthy as well as solid. Just a little of apple cider vinegar a day can aid keep your high blood pressure down while assisting to reduce your bad cholesterol also. When these 2 danger components decline, you can have a healthy and balanced as well as balanced heart for longer.
Improves the Wellness of Your SkinAn additional benefit that you could get from apple cider vinegar is that it will absolutely boost the wellness of your skin. Really, this type of vinegar is a common therapy to make use of on numerous skin disease, including dermatitis and completely dry skin. Because the skin is naturally acidic by a little, utilizing apple cider vinegar topically can help to rebalance out the all-natural pH that happens on the skin. Usually, this makes the skin healthier as well as can enhance the safety challenge on the skin.
A variety of the cleansers in addition to soaps that you may make use of to help recover the skin will often be alkaline in addition to can aggravate dry skin, making the problem worse. Include that ACV has some anti-bacterial houses and you have a therapy that might additionally quit the skin infections that are attached to eczema in addition to various other skin disease. If you fight with dermatitis or various other problems of the skin, making use of apple cider vinegar may be a simple as well as reputable solution.
It is very easy to handle apple cider vinegar to heal your skin. For example, you can utilize this as a substitute for your typical facewash or your printer toner. You will just want to use it regarding once daily to see outcomes in addition to not overdo all of it. As you use it, your face will certainly really feel freshened while exterminating germs and protecting versus places. You should speak to your medical professional before utilizing this as a face cleansing substitute.
There are numerous medicines as well as treatments out there that pledge to offer health and wellness benefits. Nevertheless it is genuinely something as very easy as ACV that will definitely provide you with the reduction you require. Whether you desire to eradicate diabetic person concerns, preserve your heart healthy and balanced, job to slim down or enhance precisely how fantastic your skin looks, apple cider vinegar products whatever you need to see the results.
In this short article, we’ll have a look at the many numerous advantages of ACV, along with a few of things you need to understand prior to using it on yourself. You require to understand that it’s practical to use apple cider in a great deal of approaches, as a result of the truth that it has a lot of terrific advantages for you to try.
Among the cider benefits that might show up actually apparent is its anti-bacterial property or industrial residential or commercial properties. While the medical uses for white vinegar may be numerous, merely the many usages for apple cider vinegar are nearly infinite. Its distant health and wellness and also health advantages, contrasted to those of numerous other all-natural treatments (like tea tree oil along with others), consist of anything from assisting with cool signs to reducing belly difficulties, and also many people have found that cider vinegar can be rather beneficial to their health and wellness.
When we speak about older age, a lot of the moments we automatically think of the health and wellness dangers. It is true that a lot of us are aware of the reality that we are not as energetic as we made use of to be and do not have the very same quantity of power that we utilized to have in our more youthful years. Now we require to take a look at the benefits that can feature being a senior.There are various locations of our lives that we are limited from because we are aged. The very first one is our social life. There is no social life for most of us as we age as well as this is a real loss for many people. The only way we have the ability to enjoy social occasions is if we are able to connect with our peers as well as the more youthful ones are often not able to do so.
We additionally have to face the truth that in numerous circumstances, we will certainly not be able to appreciate our social life since we are as well worried of what others could believe. Many people assume that they might have to allow their senior citizens go because they can not manage it. Nevertheless, there are really many individuals that are able to socialize with the more youthful generation due to the fact that they have actually created specific abilities. There are numerous publications that are readily available on just how we can be much more socially responsible. There are additionally numerous internet sites that are devoted to teaching us just how to establish these skills.
One more location where older age is a loss is when we check out seniors. As we grow older, there are several points that we need to deal with like memory loss, bad vision, and also joint inflammation. Nevertheless, with the advancement of technology, many of these problems can now be overcome.
We know that as we age, we are bound to face some clinical issues. One of the worst illness that we face as we age is Alzheimer’s Illness. Even though several medical professionals are uncertain what creates Alzheimer’s Illness, we know that it influences the capacity of the brain to assume.
We additionally understand that once you get older, you are bound to see numerous modifications in your body and this could suggest that your body can not work effectively anymore. This is why many senior individuals are residing in assisted living centers where they are given medical care.
Senior individuals are also bound to face many different sorts of illness as well as diseases. Although a number of them have the ability to treat them by themselves, they are bound to have to see their medical professional on a regular basis in order to keep their health as well as ensure that whatever is working correctly.
Elderly individuals often tend to have a lot more possibilities when it concerns education. Because they are not as active as they made use of to be, they can still go to several lectures and seminars. They can likewise go to the local library as well as they can review different books and listen to the radio and watch the tv.
Aging can trigger a great deal of tension on an older person. They may have to take care of memory loss, poor vision, and also arthritis. As a result of all of the troubles that they encounter, they need a lot of support and they should always make certain that they are dealing with themselves.
Regrettably, there are many people who make use of this issue and they can easily come to be depressed. The first thing that they do is drink or consume even more alcohol due to the fact that they feel far better than they really are. They additionally often tend to have even more energy than they really do.
Aging and also health are something that has been around for thousands of years as well as it is something that we have to handle each day. It will certainly always belong of our lives but we need to not allow it obtain the most effective of us due to us.
If you are concerned about the reality that your wellness may be weakening, it is best to talk with your physician regarding this issue and to figure out if there are points that you can do to safeguard your elderly people. Keep in mind, they are still as vital as we are to the world.


ATEX Gas Detector certified II 3G Ex nA II T6 (Atex Zone 2), aluminium alloy or stainless steel housing, protection rate IP65.With display.
Available outputs: 4-20mA or relays, RS485.
Gas detectors DUST/AD and DUST/DY are rugged and intelligent gas transmitter for a variety of Explosive and Toxic gases.
– Microprocessor based
– 4-20 mA output
– Three Voltage free relay contacts output
– RS-485 MODBUS RTU serial interface or protocol for remote control and maintenance operations.
– LCD Display 8×2 characters
– Non Intrusive “One Person” calibration procedure
– Fully programmable
– Small size
– Low Power consumption


An array of different measures will be tracked via a GPS system including acceleration, deceleration, braking, fuel economy and more. It is hoped that fuel economy improvements of 70 to 100 percent will be realized on the plug-in hybrid vehicles plus a reduction in emissions of up to 90 percent. The hybrids will join the district's fleet which includes about 250 biodiesel-powered buses.
Analysis: These buses are manufactured by IC Corporation which has called on Enova Systems who we've reported on before to produce their hybrid-electric drivetrains. Plug-in electric technology should work well in this case as the buses return to the same depot every night where they can be charged. At $225,000 each, these buses aren't cheap, but their emissions are also expected to be 90 percent lower!
- Smith Electric Vehicles, Enova partner up for zero-emission van, truck
- Getting off the gas in Hawaii
- Enova to Provide Power Control Units for Th!nk Electric Vehicles
[Source: Bradenton Herald]


Halette Garage Doors October 17th, 2017 - 18:56:40
There will be times when your door may fail to operate. It happens from time-to-time no matter how well it is installed and maintained so there is no need to panic. More often that not the battery in your garage remote is dead or it is some other simple garage door repair. It is also a good idea to keep additional power back ups with you such as a manual device (generator UPS etc) or additional batteries. Or you can manually open the garage door until you figure out what the is causing the problem.
Customer service is considered to be good with Delden doors. The fact that the company is regionally Midwest based means that your ability to locate garage doors parts or service is relatively easy. Delden may build some of the best garage doors available. We do recommend Delden Garage Doors for your home or business. You may find that Deldon doors are even priced better than doors sold at both Lowes and Home Depot.
If you have a garage you must have felt how important the garage door is at some point of time. The importance of a proper garage door for the safety of your car and family members cannot be underscored. In this article let us understand about the garage doors and become conscious about the importance of their regular maintenance. While planning for a garage door the first thing that comes to your mind is its building material. Customers are spoiled for choice as far as the building materials and designs are concerned. Wood and steel are the commonest building material. For each kind of garage gate material you can get multiple options for its exterior look and feel. You can decide upon decorative windows hardware and insulation as per your requirements.
These doors can be chain driven either manually or can be automated using electric motors. Roll up doors require more frequent evaluation and servicing than a standard overhead garage door. The tracks that are mounted vertically on both sides of the garage opening need maintenance and cleaning more frequently and are often blocked by foreign obstructions or damaged by collision of some type. These roll up doors are often held open by some type of ratcheting action. Proper balancing of these doors is often more important than an overhead type of door as the weight of these type of doors is normally much greater than an overhead door.


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ALL PRODUCTS HANDMADE TO ORDER IN THE UK | FREE UK SHIPPING
Navy blue classic shaped wool felt fedora, trimmed with a beautiful natural mixed father band and velvet ribbon
Brim width approx 8 cm
Crown height approx 12cm
Wired brim, edged with petersham ribbon
Not to be worn in the rain as it may distort the shape of the hat
This item is handmade to order and can take up to 2 weeks to make, please let me know if you would like your item sooner and I will do my best to accommodate.

domain: design


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Felt Clover How-To DIY crafts and gift idea. This can be used for many things. The actual project is a barrette. It could be made as a pin, put in other types of craft projects and decor, and used with gift wrap ideas.
These felt flowers make a great gift topper, a colorful bracelet, a sweet flower to decorate your hair or to clip onto your shoes for an extra touch. The sky is the limit, so keep a few around in your favorite colors to accessorize any outfit.

domain: hobby


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New Delhi: Dispelling initial concerns, India’s Ministry of Civil Aviation has refuted reports from Afghanistan claiming that an Indian passenger plane crashed in the northern Badakhshan province. The ministry clarified through a tweet that the aircraft is neither an Indian Scheduled Aircraft nor a Non-Scheduled (NSOP)/Charter aircraft. Instead, it is identified as a Moroccan-registered small aircraft.
“The unfortunate plane crash that has just occurred in Afghanistan is neither an Indian Scheduled Aircraft nor a Non-Scheduled (NSOP)/Charter aircraft. It is a Moroccan-registered small aircraft. More details are awaited.” the Ministry of Civil Aviation tweeted.
Afghanistan-based news portal TOLOnews claimed earlier that the ill-fated aircraft was an Indian passenger flight.
The plane, according to TOLOnews, crashed in the mountains of Topkhana, alongside the districts of Kuran-Munjan and Zibak in Badakhshan.
Further details on the incident are awaited.

domain: news


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Here is my latest article from Midwestern Family Magazine: (I need to take some of this advice with my own kids)
Teaching Kids about Money
The average American has around $8,500 in credit card debt. Many of us are living paycheck to paycheck. According to Federal Reserve statistics, the national debt is now $53 trillion. Parents are the ones who can stop this cycle of increasing debt. There is a good chance you have some bad money habits and you are passing those habits on to your kids. But you don't have to. If you start managing your money better, your kids will learn good money habits. The average American adult gets eight credit card offers in the mail each month!
When to Start Teaching Kids about Money
The state of Illinois recently held "Money Smart Week" to get people to start thinking about how they spend their money. One of the most important parts of the week long seminar was on teaching kids about money. Scott Jackson, the Assistant Vice President at Better Banks, hosted the event for parents and kids. He said we should not wait until kids are old enough to make money to start teaching. "We should begin teaching kids about money when they learn how to count, when they start grasping numbers at the preschool age," he said. Scott suggests introducing three-year-olds to pennies, nickels, dimes and quarters first. Teach them how much each is worth and have them put the coins in a row in order of value.
MoneyInstructor.com suggests explaining to kids as young as five-years-old the value of money. Tell them there is a certain amount of money that we earn each month. That money is used to pay for the house, food and other bills first. Explain that you save a certain amount each month for emergencies. For kids who earn an allowance, financial experts suggest putting 10% of it in a savings account, a certain percentage for charity and the rest is for spending. Then you can show the child the bank statement and how much they are earning in interest.
Using Webkinz to teach good money habits
Scott Jackson suggests getting kids involved in the new Internet craze, Webkinz. Webkinz are tiny stuffed animals (a little bigger than a beanie baby) that each come with a unique secret code. To play the game, you go to Webkinz.com where you can care for your virtual pet, answer trivia and earn KinzCash. Scott said, "Wenkinz are really doing a good job of teaching kids about money. You play games, earn points, and then you buy something from a store. This is a good example of how to manage money. Kids realize how they have to earn money to spend money."
Michelle Aviles has a 9-year-old daughter, Emily, who is really into the Webkinz craze.” You can't just buy things," said Emily. "The game will say sorry, you don't have enough money, you have to go earn some." Emily says she plays games to earn money and she works at the employment office. "Almost all the girls at my school do it and even some of the boys," she said. Emily even has her own virtual house. She bought some rooms for her house for $500-$1000. "When you have enough money you can buy a garden and grow your own food to feed your Webkinz. If you don't feed your Webkinz, they get sick and you have to take them to the vet. That costs money."
Michelle says she has to limit Emily's time on the computer because Webkinz can become addictive, but she is thrilled at how her daughter is learning about money. "I don't have any credit card debt and I think it's because my dad taught me the value of money. It's something I teach my kids. I don't buy something unless I have the money up front," she said. Webkinz reinforces that concept because you cannot buy anything on credit.
When to Get Your Child a Checking AccountThere is no set age on when to get a child a checking account, but financial experts say your child should know how to write a check by 6th grade and have a checking account by the time they reach high school. "Get them into the habit right away of keeping records and setting goals, said Scott." He says the most important thing to teach your teenagers is to save. "The annual savings rate is zero. How can we teach saving to our kids if we are not doing it ourselves? You and your kids have to have a road map to where you want to go. Even if it's just going to the movies once a month or getting some designer jeans, you have to learn to budget." Scott teaches people to save double the amount of the product you want. For example, if your teenager wants a Nintendo Wii system at around $350, he/she has to save $700 before he/she can buy it. According to the Federal Government's debt report, last year's debt per family of four increased by almost $34,000 to around $700,000.
Both of Michelle Aviles' kids have savings account. That is where their money from birthdays and other special events will sit until something "big" comes up. When Emily was asked what her savings account is for, she said, "I save all the money from birthdays for college, a house and a car. Except, I did buy a bracelet for three dollars." Michelle says she's not sure her daughter will ever buy a house with her birthday money, but she's glad Emily understands the concept of saving before buying.
Michelle has worked hard to set a good example. She said the family decided they wanted to take a trip to Disney World. So, she let the kids make decisions for the months prior to the trip that would determine whether they had enough money to go. "I would tell them at the grocery store, you can buy that junk food, but it will take away from the money for Disney. They would immediately say “okay never mind.” The kids knew we had to get the money for the trip by not spending money in other places." she said.
10 Commandment of Personal Finance for Young People
The Institute of Consumer Financial Education made this list for you to cut out and keep close by. It is a reminder of the ten things you should be teaching your kids about money.
1) Manage your expenses so they don't exceed your income.
2) Spend money thinking of your future as well as your present.
3) Begin saving early to take advantage of compound interest.
4) Avoid collecting credit cards and using them for borrowing.
5) Always honor your debts and other financial obligations.
6) Project your income and expenses for the next 12 months and track variances.
7) Focus on the relationship between the risk and projected return of investments.
8) Maintain organized records for tax and general financial planning purposes.
9) Have a plan and a purpose for your investing.
10) Obtain a financial education to be in a position to make intelligent financial decisions.
Kids earning their own money
Preschool age kids are not necessarily too young to start earning their own money. For example, financial experts say you can give your child a quarter ever time he/she makes (or attempts to make) the bed without being asked. But experts say not to push your child to get a job outside the house until he/she really seems ready. Some suggestions include; babysitting, pet sitting or having a lemonade stand. Younger kids can be a parent's helper by cleaning toilets, picking up the house or helping to watch a younger sibling. Kids in middle school may want to mow lawns, rake leaves or remove snow from driveways.
Michelle Aviles says her kids mainly do chores around the house. Emily cleans up dog poop from the yard, watches her niece (with supervision) and cleans the toilets. Her six-year-old son, Jared, does a lot of the same things; except he's too young to babysit and Michelle says sometimes he would rather not get paid if it means cleaning the toilets.
What to avoid
Scott sees a lot of young people in debt. "Alarming numbers of college students are dropping out because of self-inflicting credit issues. Most people are living off of extended credit instead of savings. I have talked to people who come into the bank with $180,000 in credit card debt.” Scott said he has a hard time asking them what they have to show for all that money they spent. “A lot of times the money is spend on vacations and supplementing their income through debt," he said. Scott wants young people and parents to keep in mind that just because a lot of people live off of credit doesn't make it acceptable. He advises people to do everything they can to live within their means. He says once people start living off credit, it's a hard to break the cycle. "We have actually had instances where we help people fix their debt issues and some of them are back a few years later and they have maxed out their home equity, gone bankrupt or lost their homes." Scott says we need to make sure we are setting a good example for our kids and future generations.
How do you teach your kids about money?
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domain: finance


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I apologize for not having posted on a regular basis the past few weeks. Work has been super crazy. It's been worse than a normal December in retail. I was actually glad that my husband was travelling last week so I didn't have to worry about dinners and that sort of stuff. Working 9-10 hour days, I basically came home and collapsed. I'm hoping things will calm down and just be the normal crazy. That's so sad to say isn't it?
We had our normal club last night. It was all about Christmas. We did 2 Christmas cards and 2 different Christmas tags. With the tags, they made 4 of each one. I always think a single tag doesn't equal a card, so I make the tags worth while.
Now, I think all the metallics going on, it makes a very elegant, but simple Christmas card. My upline gave me a sampler of the Year of Cheer Speciality paper and it worked out perfectly! They chose which design they wanted on their card. A lot of times I design a card, but they can choose their own dsp accent piece or stamped sentiment. It makes the card more of their own taste rather than all my taste.
For the Merry Christmas, I used a gold stamp pad that was retired from Stampin' Up. I was sad to see that and the silver go. But, if you have the gold embossing powder, that would work great too. As I'm typing this, a thought came to mind. The copper embossing powder would be awesome too! It would totally bring out the copper piece of washi tape.
I just want to give you a warning on the champagne foil sheets. I cut a circle out using my Big Shot. Looking at the cut piece, there was all kind of marks on the front. What?!? After a minute, I realized that the acryllic plates I use with my Big Shot was leaving impressions on the foil sheets. My plates are very well loved. So, I suggest one of two things:
- Put another piece of cardstock between the acryllic plate and framelit.
- Keep a set of acryllic plates (or just a single plate) to use just for the top of any kind of foil sheets.
When you are putting photographs through the Big Shot, keep this tip in mind. I actually discovered this same problem when I was working on my girls baby books several years ago. Some photos came out looking really worn. Now I do have a set of clean plates to use just for these reasons.
Well, I have to work early tomorrow, so it's time for bed. Busy day tomorrow. After work, I have to help my daughter move out of her dorm. Alyssa's done with exams and is coming home for Christmas! One more to go after her.
Click on the picture for dimensions and instructions.
Until next time...Stampin' Always
Cheryl, HomeStyle Stamper


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The Bright Side People To See Wall Calendar 2014
- Out of stock
The Bright Side People To See Wall Calendar 2014. Here is a tall 2014 wall calendar from the Bright Side that has just the right amount of humour for reminding you of all the places to go, people to see and naps to have in the New Year. The calendar is 42cm tall by 15cm wide, easy to hang with the handy hook built into the spiro wire and each month is dusted with typical Bright Side eternal optimism!

domain: artistic


According to new rumors, Samsung is actively working on a new smartphone that will have a 2GHz dual-core processor, outdoing anything currently on the market. The new processor will be a system-on-a-chip and may be marketed under Samsung’s Exynos brand, which is typically reserved for tablet PCs and netbooks, reports Korean site Daum.net (via Phandroid).
“We are planning to release a 2Ghz dual core CPU-equipped smartphone by next year,” said a high-ranking official from the company, according to Daum. “This product will have the data processing capacities of a regular PC.”
In a way, this is true. Most modern PCs have between 3GHz and 6GHz of processing power, though they use somewhat different architecture. This rumor is also highly plausible. HTC and other manufacturers have already debuted up to 1.6GHz mobile processors; it stands to reason that 2GHz is just around the corner. The real question is, exactly how much power does a smartphone really need? A top of the line laptop that is meant for running countless simultaneous operations usually has less than a 2GHz quad-core processor. We can’t imagine a smartphone needing that much power–at least not yet.
There is no word on when this rumored phone might be released or what operating system might run on it.
- Rumor: Samsung and Huawei being courted to make dual-boot Windows Phones?
- MediaTek’s new processor could mean more budget smartphones will get dual-core power
- AT&T announces five new Android phones, including the Atrix 2 and Samsung Captivate Glide
- Samsung’s Nexus Prime specs and picture leak
- HTC announces the Sensation XE, 1.5GHz dual-core with Beats audio included


- Each nation participating in COP21 has made its own, self-determined commitment to the amount of carbon emissions it can trim from its economy.
- Unfortunately, the total carbon commitments by all nations falls roughly 50% short of the cuts needed to prevent catastrophic climate change.
- REDD+, a policy that allows industrial nations to keep burning fossil fuels while paying developing countries to preserve forests, may be part of the solution, though some argue it lacks the monitoring mechanisms needed to prevent cheating.
After two decades of largely failed negotiations, a buoyant optimism surrounds the global leaders from 194 nations who stand ready to hammer out and approve an unprecedented accord to reduce carbon emissions in Paris over the next two weeks. The summit marks the 21st consecutive attempt by the United Nations to cope with the escalating ravages of largely manmade climate change.
Starting today, 100 world leaders, including President Obama, will gather in Paris in a show of solidarity for the terrorism-stricken city, and to acknowledge that there is broad agreement on the need for every country to reduce its share of greenhouse gas emissions. Those emissions have already resulted in record-breaking high temperatures globally for 15 straight years — with 2015 very likely be the warmest since record keeping began.
Underscoring the negotiators’ sense of optimism: for the first time, the world’s three largest carbon emitters — China, the U.S. and the European Union which represent 50 percent of global emissions — are on board with pledges to peak and reduce their burning of coal, oil and natural gas over the next 10-15 years.
Also, Climate Wire broke an important story Friday that billionaire and Microsoft founder Bill Gates intends to announce the creation of a multibillion dollar clean energy fund today, hailed as the largest in history. It will reportedly fund new clean-energy technology R&D to “accelerate the pace of progress, [and] develop and deploy new solutions” to combat global warming, as Gates has said previously.
National carbon cuts don’t add up
So far so good. Until you do the math.
Climate scientists are in broad agreement that to avoid catastrophic, civilization-threatening climate change, global temperature increases, measured since the mid-1800s, must remain below 2 degrees Celsius (3.6 degrees Fahrenheit) by 2100. We’re already nearly halfway there: temperatures have risen nearly 1 degree Celsius since the dawn of the industrial age.
The massive burning of fossil fuels for energy generation has been a double-edged sword: unprecedented First World wealth, and increasing prosperity in the Developing World, along with rapidly increasing climate instability with more numerous and more intense heat-waves; longer-enduring droughts; stronger, more frequent storms; greater Arctic melting; rising sea levels; dying coral reefs and many other negative impacts.
Last year’s summit in Lima, Peru, outlined the first-ever bottom-up approach to coping with carbon emissions. It came as the result of the failed Copenhagen conference in 2009, when the UN’s top-down, do-what-we-tell-you approach blew up in highly visible acrimony, with poor countries refusing to be bullied.
Earlier this year, more than 170 countries — including all the major carbon emitters — used the new bottom-up approach to set their own targets for carbon-emission reductions. Each nation’s promised cuts are known as its Intended Nationally Determined Contribution (INDCs).
The accumulated promised cuts in carbon emissions are less than comforting.
“[W]hen you look at the [INDC] pledges and add them up, we’re about halfway to where we need to be to stay under 2 degrees Celsius. Halfway. Unless the leading emitters become a lot more aggressive, the world is heading for 3.5 degrees C (6.3 degrees F) warmer. And that would be beyond catastrophic,” says John Knox, a special representative to the UN on climate change and human rights.
The only way to close the emissions gap, Knox says, “is cutting the use of fossil fuels. There is no other way to fix the problem.”
Factoring in forests
Unless, of course, you can see the forests for the trees.
Jason Funk, senior climate scientist with the Union of Concerned Scientists, spoke at a November 20th pre-COP21 press conference in Washington, D.C., on the importance of the land sector to carbon cuts — forest management approaches that can result in either more carbon emissions, or preferably, the reduction of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.
“The activities of the land sector collectively account for about 24 percent of global greenhouse gas emissions,” Funk said, “and forests provide sequestration potential equal to 10-14 percent of current gross emissions.”
Sequestration refers to carbon storage outside the atmosphere or oceans, where increasing carbon loads are leading to climate destabilization.
The mantra of scientists like Funk is simple: the rainforests and cloud forests that ring the equatorial belly of the earth are natural sinks for carbon emissions — enormous, thirsty sponges that lock up carbon in their leaves, limbs, trunks and roots as long as they are standing. Cut them down, burn them? All that stored carbon escapes as if from a smokestack adding to climate chaos.
“Forests and ecosystems are the only way we have of removing carbon from the atmosphere at [a large] scale,” said Steve Panfil, a technical adviser with Conservation International. “Any agreement in Paris has to take that into account. If we stop deforestation where it is now, we could reduce emissions by 30 percent.”
Of the five scientists at the November press conference, none is more familiar than Chris Meyer with the controversial forest policy called REDD+. That policy asks industrial countries to compensate tropical countries to keep forests standing, thus offsetting and capping the greenhouse gases industrial countries continue to burn.
“We are not expecting the Paris agreement to have a very big section on REDD+ or even mention it explicitly,” said Meyer, a REDD+ specialist with the Environmental Defense Fund in Washington, D.C. “That’s because in previous COPs, particularly Warsaw in COP19, it’s already been decided on.”
REDD+ is controversial in part because of critics like Chris Lang, British author of the REDD Monitor web site. He asserts that the policy will allow major industrial countries and carbon emitters, like Norway and Germany, for example, to continue polluting at will, while buying themselves a clean conscience by tossing some money at poor, tropical countries in an attempt to protect carbon-sequestering forests.
Lang questions the lack of scientific rigor built into the REDD apparatus: Are tropical forests really being preserved to offset First World pollution, he asks? How much carbon is really being sequestered? How can it be accurately measured? How do you know both countries aren’t a part of a big international trading scam where one party keeps burning fossil fuels and the other gets richer by pretending to save forests?
“The idea that you can make forests worth more standing, [rather] than cutting them down for the riches of fossil fuels and precious metals that lie underneath is naïve,” Lang said in a Mongabay interview. “You can always get more money cutting down trees and planting palm oil [in a country like Indonesia, than you can], drilling for oil [in Ecuador] or digging for gold [in Peru].”
Giving REDD+ a chance
Meyer disagrees with Lang, arguing that REDD+ is a useful market mechanism that will allow countries to make more economically efficient carbon reductions. He sees it as just “another tool in their policy toolbox to work with.”
Meyer points to the early successes of a pilot REDD+ program in Acre, Brazil, in the western Amazon near the border with Peru. Acre is larger than some Central American countries, with more rainforest, and has suffered significant deforestation due to ranching, logging and extraction. But now thousands of forested acres are being managed and preserved, Meyer said.
Without claiming offsets, but willing to give REDD+ a shot, Germany has paid millions to the jurisdictional government in Acre to reduce its land concessions for logging and ranching. Officials have used some of the money to support sustainable rubber tapping, thus keeping more trees standing while providing jobs. Most of the German money goes to indigenous communities in Acre who determine how they will use it to preserve the forests they call home.
“These are eco-system services — more carbon sequestration, more jobs in the forests, more food security — that are being paid for by keeping forests standing,” Meyer said. “It’s pioneering in many ways.”
Regardless of the claimed success in Acre, Meyer acknowledges the stiff challenges in scaling up REDD+ and applying regulations and penalties to make sure it’s effective worldwide.
“REDD+ complements, but does not substitute for, essential efforts to transition from fossil fuels to cleaner forms of energy,” Meyer said.
Meanwhile, climate scientist Jason Funk argues that observers should not overplay “the emissions gap” after the voluntary INDC national pledges are totaled. Paris is not the end, he says, it’s a pivot point with all nations on board for future negotiations and the inevitable international pressure to do better.
“This is like a Noah’s ark kind of agreement,” Funk said of the potential COP21 Paris accord. “You don’t have perfect accommodations. But it’s more important to be on the ark than to be left behind. If you are on the ark, we all have the potential to move forward together.”
Of course, this begs the question of whether the ark of global carbon commitments will be sufficient, and come in time, to weather the fierce climate change storms ahead.
Justin Catanoso, director of journalism at Wake Forest University in North Carolina, will cover COP21 in Paris for mongabay.com. His reporting is sponsored by the Pulitzer Center for Crisis Reporting in Washington, D.C., and the Center for Energy Environment and Sustainability at Wake Forest.


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The Globalization of World Politics: An Introduction to International Relations. Front Cover · John John Baylis,Steve Smith,Patricia Owens Limited preview -. Find all the study resources for The Globalization of World Politics by John Baylis; Steve Smith; Patricia Owens. Buy The Globalization of World Politics 2nd Revised edition by John Baylis, Steve Smith (ISBN: ) from Amazon’s Book Store. Everyday low.
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Read, highlight, and take notes, poiltics web, tablet, and phone. New pedagogical features help readers evaluate key IR debates and apply theory to real world events. In particular, he was still able to threaten that he would lead the Out campaign if he did not get what he wanted, whereas now that the vote to leave has happened that argument has been entirely neutralised. The seventh edition features several new chapters that reflect on the latest developments in the field, including those on gender and race.
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The Globalization of World Politics
If you have purchased a print title that contains an access token, please see the token for information about how to register your code. Account Options Sign in. It furthers the University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide.
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War and world politics Tarak Barkawi Social constructivism, Michael Barnett Liberalism Tim Dunne 8. Views Read Edit View history. Wor,d purchase, tje your preferred ebook provider. Human rights, Jack Donnelly International history —99 Len Scott 4. Race in world politics, Robbie Shilliam From the end of the cold war to a new global era? Working from a unique non-U. Now in its fifth edition, this internationally successful text has been fully revised and updated in light of recent developments in world politics.
International organizations in world politics, Susan Park User Review – Flag as inappropriate good book with a detailed historical factors effecting current word politics.
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In the present daythe human rights regime reflects individualism, the free market, private property, minimum government, and deregulation: Changing Worlds David W. The Globalization of World Qorld is an introduction to international relations Politic and offers comprehensive coverage of key theories and global issues. This exceptional text is ideal for students who are approaching the subject for the first time.
During the Cold Johhn a series of nuclear arms control agreements helped to mitigate the worst excesses of the arms race and contributed to the easing of tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union, and their respective alliances.
For questions on access or troubleshooting, please check our FAQsand if you can’t find the answer there, please contact us. When people started talking about globalization sfeve the seventies, there was a kind of messianic view that it would change everything; that polutics would sweep the state away, making it no longer the main actor on the global stage. Leading scholars in the field introduce readers to the history, theory, structures, and key issues in IR, providing students with an ideal introduction and a constant guide throughout their studies.
The Age of Deference David Rudenstine. Theories of world politics. Human rights Jack Donnelly Choose your country or region Close. Contents 1 Globalization and global politics.
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domain: library


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Mention the name Andy Kershaw and a couple of things will be said, I guarantee. Firstly, "he's the bloke who played all that jingle jangle guitar music back in the 1980's!" and secondly, "Oh him, didn't he just play unintelligable music from Africa and other places and after his show we had to endure that awful racket from John Peel!"
Well, those things are partly true and of course they do get spoken about in Andy Kershaw's Autobiography 'No Off Switch', but there is actually more to the man than just music as I discovered reading the book (it arrived on Monday and I finished it today - totally captivating).
The first part of the book deals with Kershaw's time at Leeds University and then his time on Radio 1, The Whistle Test and doing Live Aid (which is such a funny tale...poor old John Hurt!). A lot of that stuff I probably knew about before reading but what I hadn't known was that Kershaw was so madly passionate about the music he played on his shows. He was nothing like the usual daytime jocks and whilst the BBC thought they were getting a "Rock DJ" Andy was able to bring to the world's attention music that spanned the globe.
I will forever be indebted to Andy Kershaw for introducing me to the music of Ted Hawkins and I love it how Andy tells the tale of Ted's first show at the 100 Club in Oxford Street.
It is actually the second part of the book that made me sit up and take notice because not being a person who listened to Radio 4 or Radio 3 I had no prior knowledge that Andy Kershaw had been a travelling man. The tales from Rwanda, North Korea and other parts of the world were incredible to read about. Kershaw's brutal honesty about the sometimes dicey situations he found himself in were often humourous but also quite thought provoking. His experience of being in Rwanda and discovering dead bodies and of the devastation caused by landmines is both shocking and insightful.
One of the things that really stood out in the book for me was the honesty of heart that Andy Kershaw displayed in this book. It would be so easy to write a book that left out all the "warts" but it would not have been an authentic book! When he made a mess of things in his life he comes out and says "I messed up".
The final two chapters of the book though I think actually make the book as good as it is. It is gut wrenching and heartbreaking to read of the difficulties that he went through dealing with not being able to see his kids, and though he doesn't say a lot about it, his time in prison I'm sure added weight to that situation. So it is with a huge sense of relief to the reader (and even bigger sense of relief to Andy Kershaw) that the book ends on a high note with Andy back in touch with his children (his boy living with him) and him back in the world of Radio 3 and broadcasting.
If you read only one Autobiography this year, make it this one. It's time well spent.
Buy "No Off Switch" from Amazon

domain: entertainment


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Quality stability of clear pomegranate juice treated with cyclodextrin
Arslan Kulcan, Aslı
Öziyci, Hatice Reyhan
MetadataShow full item record
Protective effect of cyclodextrin (CD) on some quality characteristics of clear pomegranate juice (CPJ) was investigated. CPJ with no CD addition (Control) and CPJ samples, subjected to different type (β-CD and Hydroxy propyl (HP-β-CD) and concentration (0.5, 1% and 2%) combinations of CD, were stored at 25 °C for 3 months. The changes in color characteristics (polymeric color and total color difference − ΔE), total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activity (AA) of all PJ samples monitored at 1 month intervals. Although overall color change of the PJ samples was hardly perceived visually, none of the treatments were successful to protect the initial color of clear PJ technically (P > 0.05). Among the CD treatments, HP-β-CD with a concentration of 0.5% was found effective to prevent TPC and AA losses of PJ (P < 0.05). On the other hand, β-CD addition did not cause any improvement in protecting color, TPC and AA of clear PJ during storage, compared to control juice.

domain: literature


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Love, Sweet Love! It’s the only thing that there’s just too little of! Join me in spreading a little love with my new Sweet Hearts quilt pattern!
Today I’m showing you how to make your very own quilt binding! You can purchase pre-made binding in the store, but honestly making your own is super easy, and you can choose your own fabric which makes all of your sewing projects super cute!
Happy Thursday friends! Today I have a super fun and quick sewing project for you. These quilt as you go pot holders make cute gifts and they’re so easy to make! Pot Holder Supply List: 10″ x 10″ quilt batting 8.5″ x 8.5″ insult-shine 8.5″ x 8.5″ Fabric for the…
Join me for my annual Holiday Gift Guide & GIVEAWAYS!! Make sure stop by my IG and FB to enter to win!
It’s beginning to look a lot like Christmas! And with my new beginner friendly Christmas quilt pattern, Peppermint Pines, you can make your home even more festive!
Looking for a beginner-friendly fall quilt pattern? Check out Farmhouse Fall, a fun and easy fall quilt pattern!
Join me for Ep. 6 of my crafting podcast where I’m sharing all of my quilting, sewing, knitting, spinning, cross stitch, and acquisitions with you!
I’m so excited to be releasing my brand new patriotic quilt, Vintage Glory! I hope you enjoy it!
Join me for another beginner friendly tutorial! Today we’re making these cute quilted mug rugs!
Looking for the perfect crafting project planner? Look no further!


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An award-winning journalist, Hannah Yang joined the MPR News’ regional team as the southwest Minnesota reporter in December 2019. Having extensively covered the southeast part of the state, Hannah has experience in bringing the stories from rural areas in Greater Minnesota into the light and for addressing the challenges small towns face. Reporting through her storytelling and from behind the lens as a photographer and videographer, Hannah looks to tell stories from the prairie lands as the divide between rural and urban becomes more pronounced.
Before joining MPR News, she served as the regional reporter for the Rochester Post Bulletin for three years and was the county/education reporter for the Austin Daily Herald. She worked as a features intern for The Columbus Dispatch in Ohio and graduated with a bachelor’s degree in journalism and specialization and a minor degree in Spanish from Ohio University, where she worked as a freelance reporter for The Athens News.
Hannah is from Cleveland and cheers for Cleveland sports teams. She is a proud first-generation Korean-American and a daughter of South Korean immigrants. She was raised with her older brother and learned about life through the lenses of two different cultures. Hannah is married and lives with her husband and corgi in southwest Minnesota. She’s obsessed with Harry Potter books and the television show “Parks and Recreation.”
- Lawsuit raises questions of free speech, inclusion in Marshall
- Wildfire red flag warning raised for 33 Minnesota counties
- Body of missing Minnesota Marine found off coast of Okinawa
- Family IDs man fatally shot in Mpls. arrest attempt; BCA says no bodycam footage of incident
- 'Something sacred': Southern Minn. community garden expands to community farm, gathering place
- More COVID-19 relief coming for Minnesota’s renters
- 'It made my heart broke': Marshall first-graders, parents grieve loss of classmate to COVID-19
- At two Mankato high schools, new course aims to tie history of social justice to movements today
- April 26 update on COVID-19 in MN: Cases, hospitalizations ebb; first grader dies
- Minneapolis schools to shift to distance learning in advance of Chauvin verdict


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Scientific name: Trillium grandiflorum
(Information for this species page was gathered in part by Sherri Fawcett for Biology 220W (Spring 2004) at Penn State New Kensington).
The large flowered trillium (Trillium grandiflorum) is the most common of the 39 described trillium species. The "tri-" prefix of the scientific and common name refers to the triplet pattern of both the leaves and flower petals of this plant. The "large flower" or "grandiflorum" refers to the substantial size of the species' white to pink flower petals (which are 1.5 to 2.0 inches long) relative to the only somewhat larger pointed, broadly diamond-shaped leaves (which are 3 to 6 inches long). Trilliums are monocot plants like grasses even though they have a very non-monocot pattern of leaf venation.
Trillium grandiflorum blooms in the early spring (April though June) depending on local site conditions. On our Nature Trail, the T. grandiflorum which is most abundant down-slope along the Wildflower Trail, blooms in mid to late April. Plants are typically found in large, colonial masses in rich, relative neutral pH soils in the filtered light (partial shade) conditions of the forest floor under an established deciduous forest canopy. Trillium grandiflorum is a perennial wildflower that grows from an extensive and very long lived (up to 30 years!) rhizome. The above-ground plant stands 10 to 18 inches tall and has a whorl of three leaves above which are the similar whorl of three white to pink-colored petals. It produces a single, red berry in the fall that is 0.75 to 1.0 inches in diameter. These berries and their encased seeds are dispersed through the forest habitat primarily by ants.
Trillium grandiflorum is principally found east of the Mississippi River and from Ontario and Quebec south to Georgia. It range does extend, though, into both Arkansas and Minnesota.
The dispersed seeds of T. grandiflorum germinate in their first spring. During this first growth season the seedling produces roots but no leaves. The single cotyledon (the embryonic leaf) does not form until the second season of growth, and the true leaves (initially a single, true leaf) do not form until the third season. During these three years of growth the root rhizome is extensively growing and maturing. The familiar three leaf pattern of this plant is not observed until the rhizome has sufficiently established itself so as to be able to sustain the above ground biomass and potential energy demands of flowering and seed production. Older rhizomes tend to produce larger above ground plants and more flowers than younger, less developed rhizome systems.
Trillium grandiflorum is eaten by a variety of forest herbivores including the white tailed deer. Deer grazing, in fact, selects against taller T. grandiflorum individuals and thus results in the survival of small, often non-flowering T. grandifloras in areas subjected to heavy rates of deer browsing. Trillium grandiflorum is also very sensitive to acidic pH's. In areas affected by acid rain, the ability of this species to both germinate and pollinate is greatly reduced. Soil pH's below 3.6 are poorly tolerated by this species.
Native Americans used the leaves and roots of trillium for both food and for their medicinal properties. Asthma, hematuria, diarrhea, ulcersand insect stings are a fw of the conditions that were treated with whole preparations, tonics, and extracts of this plant.
The Pennsylvania State University ©2002
This page was last updated on January 29, 2005
Thank you for visiting Penn State New Kensington.

domain: biology


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Pasture-raised pork cuts sampler. Ethically raised on pasture/woodland on our Vermont farm, without the use of synthetic chemicals, hormones, antibiotics or GMOs.
Our pigs forage on lush pastures and forest edges. They get the drops from wild apple trees in addition to the non GMO grain. This sampler comes with a great variety of cuts to enjoy in many ways. Once these are gone, you might consider a half pig package and have enough delicious pork all winter long!
1 lb no nitrate bacon
2 lb sausage varieties (Montreal links and Breakfast links)
1 Boneless Chop (2 per pkg)
1 Bone-in Chop (2 per pkg)
1 Ham Steak
1 lb pork Cutlets or Stew meat
1 Bone-in Butt Roast (2-3lb)
Approx total lb - 10
Occasionally, the items listed above may be affected by inventory or seasonality, in which case we reserve the right to substitute something delicious.

domain: food


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Bleached and unbleached coral, juxtaposed. Photo by Raphael Ritson-Williams/University of Hawaii, Manoa
HONOLULU, June 23 (UPI) -- Like the human gut, a coral reef requires a proper bacterial community for optimum health. According to a new study in the journal Science, maintaining the presence of good bacteria could be key to protecting coral reefs from global warming.
"Healthy corals interact with complex communities of beneficial microbes or 'good bacteria,'" Tracy Ainsworth, researcher at the ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies at James Cook University, explained in a news release. "It is very likely that these microorganisms play a pivotal role in the capacity of coral to recover from bouts of bleaching caused by rising temperatures."
As with the human gut, how exactly good bacteria exert a positive influence on the health of their hosts isn't well understood by scientists.
"Corals rely on good bacteria but crucially we don't yet understand these microbes well enough to know how they influence coral survival," Ainsworth said.
But she and her colleagues are trying to change that. Their newly published study lays out what scientists currently know about coral bacteria and recommends how scientists can improve their understanding of coral-bacteria relationships.
"We know that lasting changes to the community of beneficial bacteria affects important aspects of the function of host organisms such as humans or corals, including their ability to withstand further stress," said Ainsworth, lead author of the new study.
She and her co-author Ruth Gates also know that the coral communities -- and the bacterial communities they sustain -- that survive climate change are likely to look much different than those found in the ocean today.
"Corals that survive the multiple impacts of climate change and local disturbance will form the basis of future reefs that will differ in fundamental ways from those considered healthy today," they wrote in their study. "Changes to the coral microbiome on these reefs will play a vital part in future coral reef health."
Ainsworth and Gates recently presented their latest findings concerning the coral microbiome to attendees at the 13th International Coral Reef Symposium, held this week in Honolulu.
As research into good coral bacteria continues, the basic strategy for maintaining coral reef health remains the same.
"Preventing physical contact with corals and maintaining high water quality on reefs during stress events will reduce stress loads on corals and creates the best case scenario for survival and recovery," said Gates.


The Yellowstone cast—they’re more than just on-screen personas; they’re the heartbeat of the American West brought to life. As we explore the rolling green valleys of the storyline, there’s a natural curiosity about the chaps behind the chaps. Strap on your boots, folks. It’s time to ride through the dynamics of the Yellowstone series cast, both in front of the camera and behind the scenes.
Unearthing the Chemistry: Yellowstone Cast Off-Screen Relationships
Imagine the camaraderie of a weekend camping trip, except it’s on the set of one of TV’s hottest dramas. The real-life friendships among the cast of Yellowstone have all the makings of a modern epic—brotherhood, alliances, and perhaps a riveting feud for good measure.
A Dive into the Depths of Yellowstone Characters
Yellowstone’s spellbinding allure isn’t just in the vast landscapes; it’s in the heartfelt connections viewers forge with its characters. The layers we’ve peeled back over the seasons reveal yellowstone characters intertwining complexity with sheer, raw humanity.
|2018 – 2023
|Leaving the show
|Due to scheduling conflicts with “Horizon: An American Saga”
|Known for “Cole Hauser as Rip Wheeler” on IMDb
|Monica Long Dutton
|Forrie J. Smith
The Pillars of Yellowstone: Core Cast Contributions
The series anchors itself in the heavyweight performance of its core cast—every chuckwagon has its linchpins, after all.
Navigating the Turbulent Waters of Yellowstone Season 2
Yellowstone Season 2 was no calm river ride—it was a downright waterfall of change and character upheaval. It was a rollercoaster, with plot depths plunging as fast as stock markets on a bad day.
Evolution of On-Screen Relationships in Yellowstone
As the series has aged like a fine bourbon, so have the interactions among the yellowstone characters.
- From tender alliances to explosive clashes, Yellowstone has navigated the ebb and flow of relationships with a craftsman’s touch.
- Fresh faces have rocked the boat, shaking the existing dynamic and challenging viewers to adapt their allegiances—and that’s part of the magic.
The Behind-the-Scenes Maestros: Directors and Writers Influence on the Yellowstone Cast
You can’t talk about the cast’s brilliance without tipping your hat to the showrunners, the directors, and scribes who orchestrate the symphony.
- Their vision is the compass directing actors toward uncharted territory, ensuring viewers are in for a wild, unpredictable gallop.
- It’s their guidance that has helped the cast stitch together the compelling, rugged tapestry that viewers can’t get enough of.
The Authenticity of Yellowstone: Insights Into Character Backstories and Motivations
It’s the characters’ roots that anchor the narrative, giving the series authenticity that resonates deep within the audiences’ bones.
- The backstories are tales of their own, rich in detail and as integral as a saddle to a cowboy.
- The cast works tirelessly to embody these personas with dedication that rivals any frontier pioneer, revealing truths in every grunt, glance, and showdown.
Breaking Down Barriers: Newcomers Shaping the Landscape of Yellowstone’s Cast
Integrating new blood into an established posse could stir up a dust cloud, yet Yellowstone does it with finesse.
- The transition is as natural as the changing of seasons, with fresh cast members complementing the existing order.
- They’ve navigated the tightrope walk between making their mark and harmonizing with the show’s rhythm, earning nods of approval all around.
Tribulations and Triumphs: The Personal and Professional Growth of the Yellowstone Cast
Yellowstone’s journey has been more than horseback riding through majestic terrain—it’s been a transformative odyssey for the cast.
- On and off-set challenges have shaped their careers, molding them into personas akin to legendary figures of the wild west.
- They reflect on the journey with a sense of achievement, the kind you’d find glistening in a prospector’s eye upon striking gold.
The Role of Locale: How Setting Influences Yellowstone Cast Chemistry
The awe-inspiring landscape of Montana isn’t just a backdrop; it’s a catalyst that sparks interactions among the cast.
- The rugged terrain and the whisper of pines fuel the authenticity of every scene, acting as silent yet powerful characters in their own right.
- The sense of place the locale provides is palpable—without it, the cast’s remarkable chemistry might not have reached the same boiling point of intensity.
Cementing Legacy: What Yellowstone Cast Dynamics Mean for Television
The Yellowstone cast relationship is a testament to the show’s cultural imprint on the canvas of television history.
- It sets a new standard for ensemble casts, delivering an alchemy that’s as unpredictable as it is effective.
- Its influence pulses through the veins of current TV trends, proving that authenticity in cast dynamics isn’t just admirable—it’s downright revolutionary.
As we pull back the reins and settle the dust raised by our spirited gallop through the dynamics of the Yellowstone series cast, let’s acknowledge the pure bonding, the grit, and the wild charm they’ve brought to our screens. Whether they’re kicking up their heels in Forte Dei Marmi or finding the perfect gift for graduation, these cast members have transcended their roles to become icons of an era. Their compelling portrayal of life in the modern West has us all yearning for adventures that twang the heartstrings of the soul, leaving us as hooked as an aficionado awaiting the next chapter in the best fantasy Books.
Yet, what stirs beneath the plot’s surface is a reminder that change is as constant as the passing of seasons. Hearsay of Kevin Costner leaving Yellowstone has fans on the edge of their saddles, reminiscent of legends that ride off into the sunset, leaving behind a legacy as enduring as the mountains themselves. As we tip our hats to the show that has wrangled our hearts, we stand in anticipation of the next turn on the trail, eager for the continuation of an American saga—a testament to the undying spirit that the Yellowstone cast embodies.
So, fellas, look no further for the gripping, unbridled essence of the Old West. It lives on in the “Yellowstone” series, where the cast dynamics tell a tale that’s as authentic as whiskey over campfire tales—a tale that Granite Magazine is proud to share with those who have an eye for what’s golden.
Behind the Scenes with the Yellowstone Cast
Yellowstone has captured the hearts of many with its blend of breathtaking landscapes and high-stakes drama. But what’s the scoop on the cast dynamics that bring the Dutton family saga to life? Hold onto your cowboy hats as we mosey through some engaging trivia and interesting facts about the actors who lasso us into the Yellowstone universe!
Is the Leader of the Pack Riding Off Into the Sunset?
Well, buckle up, folks! Rumors have been swirling faster than a prairie twister about whether Kevin Costner, who plays the formidable John Dutton, is hanging up His hat as The patriarch Of Yellowstone.( His commanding presence has been as steady as a Montana mountain, but can the show continue to reign supreme without him? The thought alone is enough to send shivers down the spines of Yellowstone enthusiasts.
Cast Camaraderie Off the Charts
You might reckon the cast of Yellowstone would be as rough and rugged as their on-screen personas, but it turns out they’re as tight as a new pair of boots at a hoedown. They’ve formed bonds that would make any free spirit envious, comparable to the bonds between Freeones roaming wild and living life without a hitch. This off-screen chemistry must be the secret sauce to their on-screen fireworks!
From Script to Screen: A Celebration of Talent
Now, don’t you go thinking that it’s all work and no play for these cowboys and cowgirls. When they ain’t wrangling drama on the ranch, they’re celebrating each other’s milestones like a family. It’s not uncommon to see the cast giving gifts that are as thoughtful as a gift For graduation,( marking off-screen achievements with just as much gusto as their Yellowstone characters would.
The Rookie and the Vet
Picture this: A seasoned cowboy strolls into the sunset while a greenhorn steps onto the ranch, eyes filled with the wild sparkle of high hopes. This ain’t just a plotline; it’s the passing of the torch we see when experienced actors share screen time with up-and-comers. These dynamics create a dance as enthralling as watching a well-orchestrated cattle drive.
There you have it, folks! The Yellowstone cast is a posse whose dynamics are as interesting as the plot twists that keep us glued to our screens week after week. With laughter, loyalty, and perhaps a dash of good-natured ribbing, these actors are as captivating behind the scenes as they are in the heart of the action. Keep an eye on ’em, as their bond is sure to bring us more gripping stories from America’s most famous fictional ranch.
Is Kevin Costner’s daughter on Yellowstone?
Absolutely! Kevin Costner’s real-life daughter isn’t on “Yellowstone,” but, boy, does that show pack a punch with its family drama!
Why is Rip leaving Yellowstone?
Hold your horses! Rumors of Rip leaving “Yellowstone” have fans all riled up, but that’s just speculation. Let’s just say, no one’s spilling the beans just yet.
What is Rip’s last name on Yellowstone?
Ah, Rip’s last name on “Yellowstone” – it’s Wheeler. Fitting for a guy who’s been through as much as he has, don’t you think?
Why is Kevin Costner being replaced on Yellowstone?
Whoa there, partner! The talk of Kevin Costner being replaced on “Yellowstone”? That’s just a wild rumor roam in’ around the ranch. As far as we know, he’s stickin’ to his boots.
Are Kayce and Monica together in real life?
Kayce and Monica stealing hearts on “Yellowstone,” but off-screen? Nope, they’re not an item. Just two actors spurring up some mighty fine on-screen chemistry.
Who is the kid with Beth and Rip on Yellowstone?
The kid with Beth and Rip, that’s Carter. Pretty much like a stray they took in – this ranch has enough room for a few lost souls, doesn’t it?
Does rip find out what jamie did to beth?
As tangled as a barbed wire fence, Rip’s discovery of Jamie’s betrayal to Beth is a twisted tale. Hold onto your hat – “Yellowstone” doesn’t let secrets lie low for long.
What happens to Beth in Yellowstone?
Beth in “Yellowstone,” she’s as tough as an old boot, but even she’s had close shaves. Stick around; the Dutton drama never disappoints.
Do Kayce and Rip ever get along?
Kayce and Rip, like oil and water at first, right? Over time, they’ve had to saddle up and realize they’re ridin’ for the same brand.
Is Carter Rip’s son?
Is Carter Rip’s son? Not by blood, folks. But in the heart? That’s another story.
Who is Rip’s daughter?
Rip’s got his hands full with Carter, but a daughter? That’s one plot twist that hasn’t hit the dusty trails of “Yellowstone” yet.
Does rip inherit Yellowstone?
Inherit Yellowstone, you ask? Well, Rip might be as loyal as they come, but that ranch is a bigger pie to divvy up. Let’s just keep watchin’ those sunsets.
Are Kevin Costner’s children in Yellowstone?
Kevin Costner’s children acting in “Yellowstone”? Now that’s a No. Seems they keep the family business and show biz separate.
Is Kevin Costner a Democrat?
Is Kevin Costner a Democrat? Now that’s a personal question, but he’s tossed his hat into different political rings over the years. Let’s just say he votes his mind.
Is Matthew McConaughey joining Yellowstone?
Matthew McConaughey joining “Yellowstone”? That’s one rumor that would shake up the show like a Texas tornado, but until then, we’ll just have to wait and see, folks.


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Loubet is tackling the WRC in its entirety for the first time this year and struggled to make a result stick after a complicated run through round one.
Showing plenty of encouraging split times aboard a factory Ford Puma Rally1 Hybrid, Loubet demonstrated his pace on an event he’d only previously competed on once in a top-class car. Excursions on Friday and Saturday hit Loubet’s overall classification, but Wilson was encouraged by the pace he saw.
“I was disappointed for Pierre-Louis,” he said. “I thought the pace he showed was great – even into that final morning, fastest on the first split up Turini.
“I’m sure we’re going to see more and more speed from him – the progression he made last year was great and I’d expect he’ll take another step on from there, especially when we get to the middle of the season and some of the events he knows a bit better.”
Next week’s Rally Sweden (9 - 12 February) isn’t one of the events where Loubet has vast experience – he’s only done it once and that was in a Citroën DS3 R5 in 2017. Fortunately for Loubet, his new co-driver Nicolas Gilsoul is a former winner of Rally Sweden, taking victory alongside Thierry Neuville in 2018.


The NETWORK for The Core DJ Syndicated Radio Show
Black Music Month officially began in 1979 to honor the countless contributions African Americans have made to the world of music. African American singers, composers and musicians have all shaped the sound of music around the world. In honor of Black Music Month, KFC teamed with singer/songwriter Smoke E. Digglera to create Our Music is Love for KFC 360°. Visit http://www.mykfc360.com for more information.


A section of Firebrace Street was closed on Tuesday night, as emergency services worked to contain an oil spill.
Two CFA vehicles blocked off the southbound lane of the street between Pynsent Street and Wilson Street.
A streak of oil was visible on the street and stretched from outside the NAB building on Firebrace Street to the corner of the Wilson Street intersection.
IN OTHER NEWS: Wimmera pubs call for alternative roadmap
The CFA was called to the incident around 6pm.
Fire crews were seen beginning to contain the spill.
Police were also on scene.
More to come.
While you're here...
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Bitcoin scalability problem - Wikipedia
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The Basics of Blockchain Technology, Explained in Plain English.Website of Author and Novelist Mark Jeffrey. book about Bitcoin called BITCOIN EXPLAINED SIMPLY. complicated Bitcoin-related topics much rather simply than I.
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The Basics of Blockchain Technology, Explained in PlainYouTube Adpocalypse Gets Blockchain Solution. it is not so simple.When the bitcoin price was rising, many of its fans thought investing in mining equipment was a better bet than simply buying and holding the currency.
The Blockchain: What It Is and Why It Matters - BrookingsThe related of Bitcoin Youtube Explained Videos Playlist here.A simple moving average. simply by adding the closing price of the security for a number of time.
What Is Bitcoin, and How Does It Work? - The New York TimesThe people who verify and modify use their own computational resources and are rewarded with small transaction fees Bitcoin Explained:.
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You can buy other digital items with PayPal and sell those items for bitcoin.
Explain Bitcoin to Me | AlienVault
bitcoin explained – Page 1131 – The Bitcoin WatchBitcoin and Cryptocurrencies Explained in One Minute - YouTube. Bitcoin explained and made simple.
5 Ways to Buy Bitcoin with Credit Card or Debit Instantly
Bitcoin Mining - Everything you need to know about BitcoinThe bitcoin scalability problem refers to the discussion concerning the limits on the amount of transactions the bitcoin network.
RELATED: What Is Bitcoin, and How Does it Work?.The Blockchain Explained to Web Developers, Part 1:. you probably know Bitcoin.
Markets - CoinsquareYou plea to make the moaning stop but instead Pepper simply looks at you and angrily demands large sums of Bitcoin. simply disabling the robots.There are 2 types of technologies used for digital currencies. Bitcoin is like digital gold.
A popular UC Berkeley course on blockchain — the complex, bewildering technology that underpins things like bitcoin — will soon be a public online course.
What is bitcoin? – CoinDesk
SimpleFX | Online CFDs Trading, Forex, Bitcoins, IndicesThe future of the web might look like the bitcoin blockchain.
Cryptocurrency Miners Explained: Why You Really Don’t WantYouTube has over. with Brave Payments which we made available in beta using Bitcoin over.This article, instead, will focus on the technical and InfoSec.
Simple Moving Average - SMA - Investopedia
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Ivan on Tech - YouTube
AI-Based Youtube Bitcoin Explainer Trained By Real BTCGrowing in importance but still not well understood, Bitcoin is a virtual currency with a novel background.


Recently I was interviewed for a podcast with the British Academy of Jewellery. The purpose of the podcast is to help people find ways of working around the broken supply chain we now find ourselves in during this COVID-19 lockdown.
During the podcast, I make mention of several links to help answer some of the questions that were fielded. I wanted to provide a list of these links here:
- CAD Jewellery Skills Frequently Asked Questions list
- Comparison of Jewellery CAD Software packages on the market
- Minimum and ideal PC and Mac Specs
- Best jewellery CAD software combinations for various tasks.
If you haven’t heard the podcast yet, you should check it out.


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Mortal Government, The City, NEWS
Click HERE to return to the index page.
The following is for game purposes only. The persons displayed are entirely fictional.
The City and County San Francisco is a consolidated city-county, being simultaneously a charter city and charter county with a consolidated government, a status it has had since 1856. It is the only such consolidation in California and the only California County with a mayor who is also the county executive. San Francisco is the only California city with a Board of Supervisors, which acts simultaneously as city and county council.
Office of the Mayor
San Francisco’s Mayor is the head of the Executive department. The Mayor directs and controls all City offices and departments except where that authority is granted to another office by the City Charter.
Mayor Hector Sandoval
Biography: Hector Sandoval became the 42nd Mayor of the City of San Francisco when he took office on December 9, 2003. The first Latino mayor of this city, he has earned a national reputation for strong leadership coupled with strong initiatives to address transportation, public safety, emergency preparedness, economic opportunity, immigration reform and other challenges facing the city. By choosing to balance his progressive views with an unabashedly pro-business agenda he has angered some on both sides of the political fence, but the San Francisco economy has recovered faster than the national average since he took office, mollifying some of his detractors and delighting the ethnic community that mobilized to ensure him a victory at the polls.
Sandoval rode to victory on a wave of popular discontent with the previous city administration that was accused of lining its pockets while allowing city services to languish. The current mayor has pledged to clean house and restore the integrity of the Mayor’s Office, a difficult challenge but one he says he relishes. Including in his agenda are several key issues: revival of decayed programs through urban renewal; job programs for at-risk youth; increasing the density of in-city housing; and improvement for the city school’s academic curriculum. The national recession following the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001 left San Francisco deeply in debt; the Mayor has worked ceaselessly to balance the city budget, sometimes drawing fire for raising sales and property taxes to pay for his programs. A recent dispute between City Hall and waste management unions nearly led to a city-wide garbage collector’s strike, but the crisis was averted at the last minute by a round of intense talks that resulted in a compromise that is fair to both sides and earned Mayor Sandoval a reputation as a tough but fair-minded negotiator.
Mayor Sandoval is a fourth generation Hispanic American who has dedicated his political career to improving the city where he was born. He was elected three times to the San Francisco Board of Supervisors and served on the Board from 1997 until 2004. Before embarking on his career in public service, Sandoval was a labor organizer. In 1992 he helped organize the city’s first inter-union summit meeting that resulted in policies which created thousands of jobs for San Franciscans.
The Board of Supervisors
The Board of Supervisors is the legislative branch of the City and County of San Francisco. The Board consists of 11 members elected on a non-partisan basis from the district in which he or she lives. The Board of Supervisors establishes city policies, adopts ordinances and resolutions, and responds to the needs of the citizens of the City and County. The Board also approves and adopts the city and county budgets, provides for public safety and health, authorizes capital (building) improvements, levies taxes, oversees the finances and assets of the City, and manages the many committees that conduct much of the actual work on behalf of the citizens.
Board Meetings: The Board of Supervisors hold regular meetings that are held at 2:00 p.m. every Tuesday at City Hall. Meetings are cablecast live on Channel 26 and broadcast via KPOO Radio, 89.5 FM. Special meetings may be convened on different dates and times to deal with emergencies.
The members of the Board of Supervisors are all NPC’s, listed in order of the Districts they represent.
- Marcus Czernek, District 1
- Haley Brooks, District 2
- Theodore Stuart, District 3
- Thomas Chen, District 4
- Lillian Green, District 5
- Enrique Salazar, District 6
- Jack McKinley, District 7
- Lawrence Middleton, District 8
- Roberta Olivera, District 9
- Malcolm Baker, District 10
- Petra San Giaconda, District 11
Marcus Czernek, District 1
Haley Brooks, District 2
Theodore Stuart, District 3
Thomas Chen, District 4
Lillian Green, District 5
Enrique Salazar, District 6
Jack McKinley, District 7
Lawrence Middleton, District 8
Roberta Olivera, District 9
Malcolm Baker, District 10
Petra San Giaconda, District 11
Click here for the map page
San Francisco is a compact city. After New York, it's the second most densely populated city in the United States, with over 750,000 residents crowded into an area of 47 square miles. Its location at the tip of a hilly peninsula, overlooking the Pacific Ocean, gives it one of the most dramatic cityscapes in the world. The Golden Gate Bridge, the Bay Bridge, the Bay Area Rapid Transit System (BART) and vast networks of highways connect the city to the metropolis known as the Bay Area.
The Bay Area
San Francisco is the heart of the Bay Area, a collection of cities and towns clustered around San Francisco Bay and connected by a series of bridges and interstate highways. Many of these communities, such as Oakland, Sausalito, San Rafael, Richmond, San Mateo and Berkeley, are suburbs of San Francisco and make up the Greater Metropolitan Area. Others, like San Jose and Fremont, are independent cities in their own right (San Jose is, in fact, even larger than San Francisco).
First established as an outpost of Spain's empire in the New World, the Presidio was for many years the site of an army base. But in 1994 its ownership passed to the National Park Service, and today it's an area of wooded parkland, sandy beaches, and buildings that stand as a reminder of the city's previous ages. This beautiful wooded corner of the city has stunning views of over both the Golden Gate Bridge and San Francisco Bay. Remnants of its military past, including well-preserved barracks and artillery emplacements, can be seen everywhere among its winding roads and hiking paths.
Once it was wealthy, but today Richmond is a densely-packed residential neighborhood south of the Presidio. Some of the lowest housing prices in the city are found in the area, attracting many working class families, small businesses and huge numbers of immigrants from a wide variety of origins.
Marina & Pacific Heights
Pacific Heights is an exclusive neighborhood that clings to a hillside rising 300 feet above the city. With its magnificent views, it quickly became a desirable place to live, and elegant Victorian houses still line its tree-shaded streets. Along the north edge of the neighborhood the streets drop steeply down to the Marina District, ending at San Francisco Bay. Marina is another affluent residential neighborhood, with an ambiance resembling a seaside resort for the wealthy, with smart shops, lively cafes and prestigious yacht clubs.
Fishermen from Genoa and Sicily first arrived in this part of the city in the late 19th century, and here they founded the San Francisco fishing industry and fleet. The district has given way slowly to tourism since the 1950s, but the fishing fleet still sets out from the harbor early each morning. Tourists flock here to enjoy the innumerable cafes, bars, restaurants, fish markets, street performers, museums and amusement rides. The neighborhood extends south and upward, well beyond the waterfront, to encompass a large residential area claimed mostly by working class families, young professionals, fishermen and a huge number of people who make their living on the waterfront. Ferries to Alcatraz Island (see below) leave from here daily.
Named for the semaphore tower installed on its crest in 1850 to alert merchants of the arrival of ships, this steep hill looms above Little Italy and overlooks the waterfront. In the past the hill was home to immigrants and artists who appreciated its panoramic views. Today the quaint homes are much sought after, making this one of the city's prime residential areas.
Sometimes known as North Beach, this lively Italian-American neighborhood sits several blocks south and uphill of Fisherman's Wharf. Jack Kerouac and the Beats found inspiration here once, drawn by the area's exuberant reputation created by its original Italian and Chilean settlers.
The Chinese settled in the 1850s around the plaza on Stockton Street in the shadow of Nob Hill, lured to the city by its boom town economy and the Transcontinental Railroad construction work. Today the neighborhood's markets, shops and mazelike streets recall the atmosphere of a typical southern Chinese town, but the customs, architecture and public events are distinctly American hybrids on a Cantonese theme. The district is very densely populated, with colorful facades, teeming streets, temples, theatres, and herbalists—almost a city within a city. Tourists enter through the Dragon Gateway on Grant Avenue, with its signature up-turned tile roofs and import shops. Locals frequent the labyrinth of narrow streets, alleys, and small markets in the vicinity of Stockton Street. Many Chinese immigrants spend their entire lives within this area, rarely venturing out into the rest of the city.
Rising above Chinatown's eastern border is the stately slope known as Nob Hill, the city's most celebrated high ground, famous for its plush hotels and views. In the late 19th Century, the "Big Four" tycoons who constructed the transcontinental railway also built their mansion homes here; all but one were leveled in the earthquake of 1906. Today's hotels and private homes still recall the opulence of Victorian times.
Financial District & Union Square
Montgomery Street was once the location of small shops where miner's came to weigh their gold dust. Today it is the heart of the Financial District, the city's economic engine that is one of the most important commercial centers in America, stretching from Embarcadero Center to staid Montgomery Street, and encompassing the theatre district, the Powell-Hyde cable car turntable and stately Pier 7. Here old-style banking halls from the late Victorian Age stand in the shadow of glass-and-steel skyscrapers, not to mention the eerie Transamerica Tower and the Museum of Modern Art, and crowds of office workers throng the streets. All the principal banks, brokers, law firms, exchanges and professional offices are located in this neighborhood.
Named for the big, pro-Union rallies held here during the U.S. Civil War, the wide plaza is now at the center of the city's money and shopping districts. All the largest and most expensive department stores and many of its most modern hotels are here, surrounding this place where thousands once gathered to urge that California join the Northern cause. At the center of the square rises Victory, a statue commemorating the victory at Manila Bay during the Spanish-American War.
The administrative center for the city and county has its focal point at the Civic Center Plaza. Its grand government buildings and palatial performing arts complex are the source of a great deal of local pride. The old City Hall was destroyed in the 1906 quake, creating an opportunity for the city to build a civic center more in keeping with its fast-emerging role as a major port. Perhaps the most ambitious and elaborate city center complex in the entire country, its major buildings include many state and federal agency offices, the consulates and embassies of foreign nations, the city's new main library, and a small number of very well preserved Victorian homes.
Haight-Ashbury & The Mission
Inhabited now mostly by the wealthy middle class, this was the center of the universe for the hippie movement and thousands of its members. During the turbulent 1960s they created one of the most lively and unconventional neighborhoods in the country. Today the place still retains its funky urban charm, but the days of "flower power" are long gone.
The intersection of Haight Street and Ashbury Street gives the area its name. East is the Mission District, settled originally by Spanish monks and today home to much of the city's huge Latin American community.
This area was a middle-class suburb that survived the 1906 quake, so it is home to some of the city's best-preserved Queen Anne style homes, many of which were divided up into private apartments following World War II. By the 1960s "The Haight" was home to a thriving bohemian community and a hotbed of political activism and even anarchy. Today it retains its politicized and radical atmosphere but there are problems with drug abuse, homelessness and prostitution. The aura of the past lingers, but only as a ghost.
Just east of Haight Ashbury, the hilly Castro District is the heart of the city's high-profile gay and lesbian community. Gays of the flower power generation moved into the predominantly working-class neighborhood during the early 1970s, renovating its beautiful Victorian homes and establishing successful small businesses, including many of the city's best independent bookstores, bars, art galleries and cafes. The neighborhood's openly gay identity has made it a pilgrimage spot, symbolizing a freedom seldom found in other cities. On nearby Market Street the NAMES Project, a giant quilt commemorating thousands of persons who have died from AIDS, is displayed proudly in a private gallery.
Forming part of the southernmost city limits, these two hills offer a perfect 360-degree view of all of San Francisco. Its wooded slopes house a small residential district of fine old homes, and there is a small grassy park at the summit.
Golden Gate Park
South of the Richmond neighborhood lies the spectacular Golden Gate Park, a masterpiece of landscape gardening created in the 1890s out of reclaimed sandy wasteland. This is one of the largest urban parks in the world, stretching from the Pacific Ocean almost to the center of San Francisco. Among the park's many attractions are meandering footpaths, sports facilities, a Japanese tea garden, numerous historic buildings, the Great Buddha statue and several museums, including the Asian Art Museum, and the California Academy of Sciences.
A rugged seascape of rock, cliff and cypress woods, Land's End is the wildest part of San Francisco. It can be reached by foot along the Coastal Trail, which begins at some stairs in Lincoln Park (below). Every year, a number of hikers and tourists who foolishly leave the marked trail are lost when they are trapped by incoming tides or swept away by high waves.
Alcatraz means "pelican" in Spanish, a reference to the birds that once flocked to this rocky, steep-sided island lying 3 miles east of the Golden Gate. Its position is both strategic and exposed to harsh ocean winds and currents. In 1859 the U.S. military established a fort here that guarded the city's water approaches. From 1934 to 1963, it served as a maximum-security federal penitentiary. It is now part of the Golden Gate National Recreational Area, and parts of it are open to the public for tours. One reaches Alcatraz by ferries that leave San Francisco's waterfront.