How to apply
Authorised religious volunteers can attend schools to teach in the specific beliefs and practices of their religious persuasion to students who identify with that persuasion for up to one hour per week as per section 32 of the Education Act 1990.
Authorised volunteers of a program in ethical decision making, action and reflection within a secular framework, can teach students who have withdrawn from special religious education for up to one hour per week as per section 33A of the Education Act 1990.
Applications to provide special religious education (SRE) or special education in ethics (SEE) in NSW Government schools are assessed through the following steps:
- careful analysis of the application
- seeking further information from the applicant where necessary
- obtaining further advice where required
- seeking advice from the Special Religious Education and Special Education in Ethics Consultative Committee, where appropriate
- recommendation made to the Minister for Education
- Minister for Education makes the final decision to approve or not approve an application.
The length of time for an application to become an approved provider can vary and is dependent on several factors including the complexity of the application and the scheduling of the consultative committee meetings. The consultative committee usually meets once per school term. The average length of time to process an application is 165 calendar days.
Additional information on responsibilities for approved providers can be found in the Special religious education procedures (PDF 92.61KB) and Special education in ethics procedures (PDF 90.62KB). Please read this information thoroughly to ensure your organisation is able to satisfy all of the responsibilities.
Organisations wishing to obtain approval should obtain an application form from firstname.lastname@example.org.


Ford transmissions make installation easy because they come equipped with sensors and contain the proper transmission fluid. By purchasing a Ford transmission assembly, you’re getting a product that’s built for your vehicle and the exacting specifications of Ford Motor Company. Shop Now
Ford Super Duty Powerstroke Part Numbers - 7.3L - 1999-2003. This is a list of common parts used in a Ford F250, F350 Super Duty trucks and other trucks with a Powerstoke motor.
I need to put a BOLO for Autozones clutch fork they give with a clutch kit for the ZF5 Speed Transmission! I went twice for a clutch fork after not being able to get it to seat over the throw out bearing ultimately breaking the bearing because their systems tells them to give you the wrong piece.
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Repair guides rear axle axle shaft bearing and seal autozone fig fig 16 exploded view of the dana 70 rear axle assembly. Dana spicer 10013778 right side axle assembly fits ford 05 to 15 f. Ford truck technical drawings and schematics section a front ford truck technical drawings and schematics section a frontrear axle assemblies and suspensions.
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Similar in appearance to the Ford top loader transmission but has overdrive 4th gear. Three shift rails mounted to the left side of case. ... This unit is used in Ford F250, F30, F450, and Super duty trucks from 1987-94. The Super duty model has a mechanical park brake assembly mounted to the extension housing. The S542 is found behind 300, 302 ...
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A center support bearing is a type of drivetrain bearing that is commonly found on rear wheel drive vehicles. Its purpose is to serve as support for the vehicle’s drive shaft and the metal shaft that goes along the underside of the vehicle and transfers power from the vehicle’s transmission to the rear differential where it is then transferred to the wheels.
The driveshaft of a rear wheel or four-wheel drive vehicle is carefully assembled, precision balanced component that supplies power from the transmission to the rear center gears and then to each rear tire and wheel. Connecting the two sections of the driveshaft is a center support bearing, which is a "U" shaped metal bracket with a solid-rubber machined bearing on the inside.
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The Ford F250 is one in a line of Super Duty trucks launched by Ford in early 1998 for the 1999 model year. The Super Duty trucks are larger, heavier built pickup trucks with heavier-duty body-on-frame steel ladder frames, axles, springs, brakes, transmissions, and more powerful engines than the earlier equivalent vehicles.
Ford F-250: How to Replace a Wheel Bearing and Hub. Your wheel bearings on your Ford Super Duty are the connecting point between your wheels and you axles, so when they go, they go in a bad way.
Order Ford F250 Transmission Bearing online today. Free Same Day Store Pickup. Check out free battery charging and engine diagnostic testing while you are in store.
Online shopping for Transmission Shift Cables - Replacement Parts from a great selection at Automotive Store. ... Transmission Shift Cable Ford F150 1997-2003 E4OD transmission 4. price $ 100. 48. Sierra 18-2245-1 Shift Cable Assembly 6. price $ 40. 00.
Ford F-150: How to Replace Drive Shaft. When your U-Joints wear out, you're going to need to remove your drive shaft. That might sound intimidating, but with this guide, replacing your U-joints (or even your drive shaft) is a straightforward affair.
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As a result, we provide an extensive selection of high quality Ford F-250 repair parts manufactured to restore your vehicle to like new condition at the most attractive prices. No matter whether you are changing an air filter or doing a routine brake job on your Ford F-250, we have everything for your repair and maintenance needs.
The OTC Ford axle shaft seal installer works on 1998-2004 Ford F-250, F-350, F-450, and F-550 4X4s having the vacuum-operated front axle. Correctly installs the seal onto the axle shaft and into the wheel knuckle, preventing front hub vacuum leaks that would cause the 4WD to not engage.
I have for sale a 1997 f250. Its a powertroke diesel 5 speed manual transmission. This is the extended cab short bed. Its all stock, no engine modifications. I has been sitting for several years. The throw out bearing started making noise so I did the entire clutch with a kit from Autozone.
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I met with a friend yesterday for the first time since this COVID19 started.
She brought beautiful croissants from her husband’s vegan bakery for me, and I was ecstatic!
So this morning I knew I wanted to make a sandwich with one.
I wanted to keep it simple.
Egg, bacon, and cheese.
Vegan and homemade, of course.
Oh, I smothered the cut side of the croissant pieces with maple syrup and vegan butter first.
Love the sweet and salty flavor combination.
I’m proud (?) of myself because I stopped myself from adding anything green, which I always want to do.
Isn’t it beautiful?
Okay, I didn’t put anything green in the sandwich, but I did put spinach salad on the plate.

domain: food


text:
Displaying 1 - 10 of 10
International Planned Parenthood Federation (IPPF), world’s leading provider of Sexual and Reproductive Health (SRH) services is providing; pregnant women and lactating mothers; critical sexual and reproductive health services (SRH) along with general health services in Nepalin the wake of the devastating earthquake on Saturday. IPPF has been working in Nepal through its Member Association, Family Planning Association of Nepal (FPAN) since 1958.
A new law, preventing schools from expelling pregnant girls, has begun to positively change perceptions, showing that law and social norms can reinforce each other. However, the intersection between law and culture in Senegal is largely creating rather than removing barriers. The prohibition of abortion and the criminalisation of homosexuality present direct legal barriers to SRH access with a profound impact on the health, safety and lives of young women and LGBT people. Other barriers are created by:
Mexico City Policy will have a devastating impact for International Planned Parenthood Federation (IPPF) with its extension far beyond family planning. Restrictions into support for HIV, maternal health and infectious diseases programmes will mean that millions will be denied lifesaving healthcare they need. The policy will hit hardest, the women living at the margins of society – the poorest, the most remote and those under 25.

domain: sociology


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Glitzy pop singer Katy Perry designed a second collection for Eylure and it's even better than the first one. The pop art-packaging represents Katy's style so much more. This post was the perfect opportunity to use my Halftone-app again. :)
"Lashes AGAIN?", you might think... But hold it: they're not your average black lashes. Miss Perry - or should I say Mrs. John Mayer (lucky *tuut*) - wanted to add some "Superhero Power" to her collection and decided to design four sets of colored lashes to give that extra pop to your eyes. These subtle color injections will highlight the natural color of your eyes even more.
I tried to apply a set of Perry's first collection before going to a party, but I already gave up after 3 minutes. Not because the lashes were bad quality or because they refused to say in place, but because I'm the most impatient person walking the planet. I might give it another go, though... These lashes are just too much fun! They remind me of her My Little Pony-hair and candy colored costumes. Fingers crossed!
It was kinda hard to capture the different colors in the pictures, but if you look real closely, I think you'll get an idea of what I'm talking about. Just click below to see the different sets that are available!
The 'Katy Perry Color Pop Lashes By Eylure' will be available at Di starting from February 2013 and will cost about € 8,50 each.
These purple colored lashes are suited for all eye colors, but add that little extra to brown eyes.
The KA-BOOM lashes will add a subtle blue touch to all eye colors, but will - obviously - come to full effect when applying them on blue colored eyes.
These 'peacock green' (is that even a word?) lashes are perfect for the bad ass, always working business woman. They're suitable for all eye colors and will give you a bright, fresh and tireless look.
Individual lashes... Just a bit more tricky, if you ask me. But... If you're going for a full volume look, these blue, purple and green colored pieces are the best option (according to Katy). You can use all colors in one look or use them separately, but thanks to the layers, you'll have that full effect super heroine look.

domain: design


EL SEGUNDO, Calif. -- The Lakers are happy to have additional depth at small forward, signing free agent Matt Barnes to a two-year contract Thursday. Unfortunately, the arrival of Barnes in Los Angeles only highlights serious questions surrounding the health of Luke Walton heading into next season.
Walton was limited to a career-low 29 games during the 2009-10 regular season because of back problems debilitating enough to require surgery. General manager Mitch Kupchak said Friday that Walton will work through the summer to rehabilitate and build strength in his back but acknowledged the prospect of future surgery still exists, and even that Walton could miss the 2010-11 season.
"Absolutely. It's a possibility," Kupchak said. "It's not your run of the mill type back problem. We don't know where it's going to end up. He's a gamer and he loves to play. He wants to be a part of the team, and he'll do whatever it takes to get back on the court. That's a positive, to have the kind of player that's motivated to get well. That's not always the case."
Without Walton available, Kobe Bryant served as the primary backup to Ron Artest at small forward last season. Barnes, a seven-year veteran from UCLA, played 81 games with the Orlando Magic last season, averaging 8.8 points and 5.5 rebounds in 25.9 minutes. Only days before, Barnes was thought to be headed for Toronto, but a sign-and-trade deal with the Magic fell through, again putting him on the market.
"Matt Barnes was not something we planned on weeks ago. Free agency is kind of topsy-turvy for a player sometimes. I'm not quite sure even he knew where he'd end up," Kupchak said. "We felt adding a player like that would give us great insurance at that position. Although he can defend some bigger guards, he's basically a small forward. So we feel fortunate to have added him at the last minute."
Adding Barnes, Kupchak said, doesn't preclude the Lakers from continuing negotiations with free-agent guard Shannon Brown, who averaged a career high 8.1 points per game as a key member of the team's bench.
"We're still talking to Shannon," Kupchak said. "I think there's a good chance that in the next couple of weeks we can have some resolution there with Shannon. I'm optimistic."
Brown's agent, Mark Bartelstein, told ESPNLosAngeles.com's Dave McMenamin on Friday he continues to "work on different concepts" with Kupchak.
Should the Lakers reach an agreement with Brown, there is a strong chance they'd open the season with 14 players on the roster, one more than the team carried last season. The team added point guard Steve Blake earlier this month and veteran center Theo Ratliff on Thursday. Encouraged by the play of second-round draft choices Devin Ebanks and Derrick Caracter in summer league, both are considered strong candidates to make the team.
Kupchak said he's happy with where things stand for the Lakers.
"I think we've added depth, and I think we've addressed our major concern knowing that Jordan [Farmar] probably wouldn't return," Kupchak said. "That left a gaping hole in our backcourt. So to bring in a player like [Blake], that gives us a great degree of comfort in that position. We're pleased. We think we have a balanced roster, with some experience."
Still, there was palpable concern for Walton.
"The most important thing is that Luke make the correct decision for his life, not for basketball," he said. "The aging process of a healthy athlete is difficult enough as it is. So we counsel Luke, and our trainers do, to try to keep the big picture in the forefront of any decision. But like most young players they want to play. Sometimes they don't [listen.]"
Brian Kamenetzky is the co-author of the Land O' Lakers blog for ESPNLosAngeles.com.


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How interesting. I send courses and books all over the world, and every once in a while I get an order from a country that is, shall we say…unfriendly? For instance, I sent a Karate Course to Venezuela, and it disappeared for a few weeks, then showed up.
Why did it take two weeks to get to the customer? Not because of the mail, but because the government wants to inspect anything and everything that comes in to their country.
Isn’t that interesting? They don’t want people to learn Karate?
I sent a video file to a foreign country, but I couldn’t send it. I had to figure out how to mpeg it, put it on a site, and send the customer the URL for that video. Apparently a scholarly discourse on how to get healthy and learn self-defense is a big bugaboo for the mid-east
I sent a Master Instructor course to China, and I had to do so by mailing to somebody in the United States, who then repackaged the thing, told customs various things, and sent it along. Obviously, this fellow knew how to jump through the hoops. But, think about it, China doesn’t want any martial arts coming into their country. It’s almost a joke, you know?
I taught one fellow Karate here, and he was from the old Soviet bloc. He told me that the government only allows the military, the police, and the sons of politicians to learn martial arts.
Hmm. Do I detect a bit of paranoia on the side of the government?
And, of course, our own country is at risk. The regulations are growing daily, and it won’t be long before licenses and fees drive teachers under the radar.But, that is going to be in the near and dear future, and there is still a bit of hope for us.
You know, I can understand why the government doesn’t want people to learn the martial arts.
A fellow who knows Karate knows how to fight, and that means he is a hard breath away from knowing how to fight back. We know that the government doesn’t want us to fight back…they just want our taxes.
And don’t think I am one of these anarchistic, liberal, right wing extremists (I think that covers the whole range of politics), I know it is our fault. The problem is that I don’t want to stop practicing my martial arts long enough to get involved in politics. I mean, can’t those elected bozos ignore the wenches (gigolos), stop taking the bribes, put aside their criminal activities so that the people can go back to ignoring them?
Ah, well. I’ve gone a long way here, from Secret Karate to politics, but that’s okay. It’s all in a good cause, right? You guys and gals have a great day, and don’t forget to fdrop by Monster Martial Arts and pick up a free Martial Arts book.
Tag Archives: secret karate
Finding that Secret Martial Arts Karate Technique!
When I was young I wanted to learn secret martial arts. I wanted to know those mysterious tricks that would enable somebody smaller to smash somebody taller. I wanted to know that tae kwon do or kenpo or whatever that would enable me to really trash the bad guys.
I began my study of Kenpo, and the secrets were at my fingertips. In those whirling limbs were hidden fist martial arts, invisible dragon concepts, and down and dirty, take ‘em apart fighting secrets. I reveled in the endless forms and techniques…but I couldn’t quite figure out the secrets.
From Chinese Kenpo I made the jump to classical Karate. There was a secret Karate had, I was sure of it, and I drilled the karate kata until my stances trembled. In the end, I could grip the mat with my toes, and throw that classical power with the best of them, but there wasn’t any real secret to it all.
After Karate I went to Kung Fu, with all those styles there had to be a secret Kung Fu that would make me just plain unbeatable! I threw myself into Shaolin Kung Fu and Kung Fu fighting and…I felt like a whirling dervish on steroids! But, in the end, I didn’t find that secret that would make me superman!
Okay, not just Shaolin, but maybe a specialized type of secret Shaolin! So I went looking for Bruce Lee Wing Chun…I wanted to be a Wing Chun grandmaster! I began beating that wooden dummy like he was yesterday’s eggs, doing the wooden dummy training until he needed bandages…but…I was just working hard, there was no secret gimmick that I could use, there was no…sigh.
So, not some sort of secret Wing Chun, but maybe a secret Wudang…that had to be the path! I explored Wudang Tai Chi, searched for secret Pa Kua Chang, and spiraled through the world of mystical martial arts like a rocket through the sky. And, great stuff, I could sink chi to the earth’s core, and spin like a planet full of magnetic needles, but…where was that secret martial arts I needed so bad?
I did it all. Meditations on the secret of internal energy that fueled the mystical tan tiens and enlightened the glowing chakras of the greater macrocosmic orbit that led to enlightenment in samadhi when I ascended from my skullular brainpan in the higher realms of paradaisical existence. But, and I say this with a bit of disgust…I can’t find the secret!
I’m old now, and in great shape, gonna last a long time, and I know there is a secret out there. And I can do martial arts fighting with the best of them, slay hordes of secret ninjas if I have to, so nobody can stop me from getting to that secret martial art…if I could only find it. Please…somebody tell me…what is the secret?
You can find the secret in the dozen courses offered at Monster Martial Arts. Pick up a FREE ebook while you’re there.

domain: hobby


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Hailing from Acton, Ontario, Marcel van Helden is a tenor with a Master’s degree from Western University. In 2017 Marcel performed in his first opera as Monostatos in Mozart’s The Magic Fluteand continued his operatic studies in Lucca, Italy where he performed the role of Don Ottavio in Mozart’s Don Giovanni. He has sung with various choirs in southern Ontario including the Georgetown Bach Chorale, Musikay, Kammerchor, Chor Amica, and the Association of Male Choirs of Ontario. Some of his notable solo roles include Handel’s Messiah, Bach’s St. Matthew and St. John Passions, Beethoven’s Ninth Symphony and Choral Fantasy with the Rose Orchestra of Brampton. In addition to singing Marcel possesses a B.Sc. from the University of Waterloo in physics and enjoys discussing and teaching subjects surrounding mathematics, sciences, and music.
Joins us for In dulci jubilo this Sunday.
Enjoy great music and support the CNIB
Buy your tickets today: https://hamilton.snapd.com/events/view/1297134

domain: artistic


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Check out the official Chrisley Knows Best show status and cast details right below:
Status of Chrisley Knows Best
Chrisley Knows Best Season 9 Release — August 12, 2021 9:00 pm
Chrisley Knows Best Season 9 Notes
Chrisley Knows Best season nine premiere Thursday, August 12 at 9:00pm ET/PT.
While Todd and Julie celebrate 25 years of marital bliss, they find themselves crashing with Nanny Faye as they search for their new dream home. Savannah prepares to take over her parents former residence, but struggles to find a way to make it her own. When Nanny Faye delves into a new business venture, she finds herself in a turf war with a neighboring competitor. Even though Grayson is now the tallest sibling, he still finds himself leaning on his older brother Chase for dating advice. Todd's parenting is tested as Chloe wants to quit swimming and Savannah is tired of him treating her more like a business partner than a daughter. Whether they are enjoying a NASCAR race or a family vacation in Florida, one thing is certain, Chrisley hijinks and hilarity will follow.
Do you love Chrisley Knows Best?
Find out more details and leave a review right on the Chrisley Knows Best show page!

domain: entertainment


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Ewoks. The little wooden boy actor from The Phantom Menace.
Even Jar-Jar Binks. All is forgiven. I finally got to see Revenge of the Sith today. Wow. I
haven’t felt that after-movie rush like that since at least The Return of the King. I might go so far as to put this final installment of Star Wars
on the same level. I loved it. It was inspiring. I want to write a big,
sprawling epic like that. I want to cut somebody up with a light saber,
too. I’m already thinking of ways to go see it several move times.
One of the best things about any Star Wars
movie is the music. John Williams is brilliant. This episode certainly
lived up to his past work, and even re-introduced pieces from the very
Man, I remember seeing the first one in 1977. I went with Eric
Thompson. We went to a lot of movies together back then. But that was a
long time ago in galaxy far, far away. Or so it seems. Although, I did
have to drive back to Enid to see this new one. That’s where I grew up,
ya know, although the theater where I saw the first film closed when
the downtown area died.
I’ve tried not to think about work this weekend. I really don’t want to
go back. I just have to keep telling myself it’s only a day job. We’ll
see how the education thing pans out — whether or not I can get my 18
grad credits dirt cheap — before making a full-out effort to leave.
Not that it’ll matter. I’ll always find something to complain about as
long as I have to work for somebody else.


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This is *not* another one of those hustle p*rn stories
Money isn’t everything.
It’s not going to make your life awesome. We all know that. But money isn’t nothing either. Without money you live a life of poverty which sucks. It’s nothing to brag about, and it’s not a victim story you want to adopt.

domain: economics


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Paraty, Brazil, is a small colonial town backed by mountains and surrounded by a gorgeous emerald-green sea. If you’re planning a trip there, you’re in luck; there are tons of fun things to do in Paraty!
Whitewashed houses, cobblestone streets, and incredible nature. Paraty is a unique place to visit in Brazil, and although small, it is a rich town in many senses, but that also had a dark past!
Settled in the 17th century in Rio de Janeiro State, Paraty was the Portuguese safe port to export the gold mined by African slaves from Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, and experienced an economic boom in the 18th century.
Paraty and Ouro Preto, and many towns along the way, were connected not only by a dark past but also by the Royal Road, which was the safe exit path for those precious metals (and you can still drive through today)—now, moving on.
Culture, nature, and gastronomy, Paraty has it all, so you’re truly in for a treat.
For culture, the town has historical buildings and churches as well as unique festivals throughout the year.
For nature, waterfalls, mountains, jungle, beaches, and the world’s only tropical fjord.
For gastronomy, some of the most delicious Brazilian dishes and beverages are served in family-owned venues and distilleries.
Did I convince you?
I hope so because you can’t afford to miss this place with so many incredible things to do.
Throughout this post, you’ll learn all about what to do in Paraty to save yourself time researching on your own. Plus, everything to do on this list has been carefully vetted, so rest assured that they’re worth doing.
Read on to find out the best places to go in Paraty!
My Favorite Things to Do in Paraty, Brazil
- Historic Tour – this 2-hour tour is an excellent way to learn the history and visit the highlights of Paraty with a local guide. From the colonial heritage to local produce industries to cachaça liquor, they will show you a side of Paraty you hadn’t heard of before!
- Mamanguá Sugarloaf Peak Hike – this 5-hour hiking experience takes you up to the 1,444-foot Mamanguá Peak. From there, you can take in the breathtaking view of the world’s only tropical fjord, the Saco do Mamanguá. Mind you, it’s a short but challenging hike, so dress accordingly and know your limitations. But if you do hike it, prepare yourself for the majestic view!
- Kayak Experience – on this 4-hour eco-experience, you’ll kayak through mangroves and beaches around Paraty Bay. All paddling equipment is included, including dry bags for your camera and phone. Even if you’ve never kayaked before, you can go on this experience since it’s designed for all levels, which is a must because I love adventures but have poor balance. Anyway, it’s a fantastic way to get immersed in the history and beauty of Paraty at the same time.
Where to Stay in Paraty, Brazil
I know that picking a place to stay can be overwhelming, especially when it’s your first time in that town.
So to help you choose accommodation, I selected two excellent places that guests rave about. Both of them are in the heart of Paraty so you can do everything on foot.
- Pousada Aconchego (Booking.com | Hotels.com) Excellent Location
This cozy inn has a colonial architecture that gets you in the right vibe for town. Besides, it features a swimming pool, billiard table, air conditioning, free parking, and an excellent breakfast. The cherry on the cake is the affordable rate!
- Pousada Literária de Paraty (Booking.com | Hotels.com) Unique Colonial Setting
Although this inn is the most expensive of the two options, it’s worth every cent! Pousada Literária de Paraty is set in a colonial-style building in the heart of town, and besides the swimming pool, gym, spa, and bar/restaurant, this inn boasts a library with over 1,500 books and movies! It’s truly a unique place to stay that won’t leave elegance and comfort to be desired.
How to Get to Paraty
Since Paraty has no airports you won’t find direct flights here, so you’re limited to land and water transportation options.
So if you’re arriving by plane, you first have to go to one of these cities.
Good to know: there might be traffic jams on holidays and weekends.
Rio de Janeiro: it’s a 5-hour trip from the Rio de Janeiro Bus Terminal (1 Francisco Bicalho Avenue). You travel with the Costa Verde company and can buy online tickets here.
São Paulo: it’s a 6 to 7-hour trip from Tietê Bus Terminal, and you travel with Reunidas or Primar. You can find online tickets here.
Once you arrive in Paraty, the bus terminal is half a mile away from the town center.
Alternatively, you can rent a car and drive yourself to Paraty. Both accommodation options above have free parking, so you’ll be all set.
Rio de Janeiro: it’s a 4.5-hour ride without traffic jams. To get there, take the BR-101 Highway (Rio-Santos) along the coast (beautiful view!).
São Paulo: it’s a 4.5-hour ride without traffic jams. In this case, you’d take the BR-116 Highway until Guaratinguetá and then the BR-459 Highway.
By shuttle bus
If you’re not comfortable driving in Brazil or don’t want the hassle of buying tickets with someone who may or may not speak English, you can buy the shuttle bus ticket.
Although more expensive than the conventional bus, this option can be organized today from the comfort of your home.
The bus can pick you up at either Rio de Janeiro airports or hotels in the southern part of the city.
Tours From Paraty to Other Towns
Paraty lies on the Green Coast and is surrounded by breathtaking places. So here are a couple of tours that take you to nearby paradises.
- Trindade – ah, Trindade! I’m absolutely in love with this laid-back village! This little town has four beaches, a natural pool, many rock formations to climb on, and a lush green background that will make you want to stay. To cut the hassle, this 6-hour day tour takes you to this little paradise and provides you with snorkeling equipment to discover the clear waters of the natural pool! Click here to check availability!
- Ilha Grande – this island off the coast of Rio de Janeiro is another mesmerizing place on the Green Coast. Beyond that, Ilha Grande State Park is a popular New Year’s Eve spot and offers a wide range of natural attractions, such as turquoise beaches, waterfalls, incredible hikes, and more. To get there, you can purchase this ticket for the transfer. The driver will then pick you up in your accommodation (in Paraty), drive you to the port (3-hour drive), and direct you to board the schooner to the island (50 minutes). Click here to check availability!
Best Time to Visit Paraty, Brazil
The summer in Paraty is usually short, hot, and wet. On the other hand, the winter is typically long, comfortable, and often clear.
Over the course of the year, the temperature typically varies from 64°F to 89°F and is rarely below 58°F or above 95°F.
- Best time to visit Paraty: April-May and September-October.
- Driest months: June-August
- Coldest months: July-August
- Wettest months: December-February
- Warmest months: January-March
December and January are perhaps the worst months to visit Paraty because 1) it’s school vacation and 2) summer in Brazil, meaning many people are enjoying the warm weather on the coast.
However, Paraty has some of the best festivals in Brazil happening throughout the year, and you might want to visit one of them.
For instance, the Bourbon Festival Paraty is a weekend festival where jazz takes the streets of this colonial town. It happens around May-June.
In July, the most wanted festival takes place, the FLIP (Festa Literária Internacional de Paraty).
If you’re into any kind of art, you’ll want to visit this incredible festival. Each year the festival celebrates an individual Brazilian writer.
In August, there is the Cachaça Festival. Cachaça is Brazil’s beloved liquor, and as such a traditional product in Paraty, this festival is a must-visit.
15 Fun Things to Do in Paraty, Brazil
Here are my all-time favorite things to do in Paraty! Enjoy!
1. Walk Around the Historical Center
One of the best things to do when visiting Paraty is to walk around the Historical Center!
This is the oldest part of Paraty and is situated right next to the water. The area is filled with old churches, mansions, and other historical buildings dating back to the 18th and 19th centuries.
Instead of visiting this area of Paraty with a list of things to see, you can just walk around and see what you stumble across.
Tiny little alleyways are leading to interesting places if you just let your feet take you!
However, if you are the kind of traveler that likes having an itinerary, be sure to stop by the Our Lady of Remedies Church and the Casa de Cultura Museum.
Alternatively, you can take a tour of the historic part of town and deepen your understanding of this place so crucial in Brazilian history.
2. Relax at Sono Beach
This Brazilian beach looks like paradise on earth with its crystal clear turquoise waters and the lush rainforest surrounding it.
There genuinely is no better place to relax, and it turns out this is one of the best beaches in Rio de Janeiro.
This is one of the most popular day trips in the area, so the earlier you get there, the more likely you are to have this family-friendly beach to yourself.
Other beaches worth checking out:
- Praia Grande: fishermen and boat hub, with a local fish market or fish shop. Not ideal to swim, but beautiful scenery.
- Praia da Lula: clearwater beach surrounded by Atlantic forest.
- Praia do Engenho: tiny beach with a lovely waterfall only 656 yards from the sand.
3. Sip Brazil’s Greatest Liquor From the Paraty Distilleries
Did you know that Paraty is home to many different distilleries? It’s true!
It’s primarily because of the sugar cane that Paraty was known for historically, so it made sense to have multiple distilleries in the area.
In the 19th century, the town was such a well-known producer that cachaça was often referred to as “paraty.”
And because this beverage is such a crucial part of the town’s history, you have to visit one of them to experience some of the best Paraty has to offer.
Easily, the most popular distillery is Alambique Eugenho D’Ouro. Other great ones in the area include Alambique Paratiana, Alambique Cachaça Pedra Branca, Cachaça Coqueiro – Destilaria Engenho D’Agua, and Cachaça Maria Izabel.
When you visit, be sure to ask what that distillery is most known for so that you try their very best. Each distillery is known for something different, so take advantage of that when distillery hopping!
Alternatively, you can hop on a waterfall-cachaça tour and get a taste of the different sides of Paraty.
4. Walk Paraty’s Gold Trail
For a half-day trip, consider walking Paraty’s Gold Trail. The Gold Trail is filled with history, as it’s the course that slaves created to ensure the Portuguese could export the precious metals from Ouro Preto.
The best way to explore the Gold Trail is by going on a tour because you’ll hear from a local the history of that place. That’s invaluable!
This tour, in particular, takes approximately 5 hours and includes a hotel pickup if needed. Throughout the tour, you’ll learn more about the history of the Gold Trail while you hike it.
Plus, because the tour is usually kept to a small number of people per trip, you’ll be able to feel like you have a very intimate experience.
Make sure you book well in advance because tours tend to fill up quickly!
5. Go Island Hopping
Some of the top tourist attractions in Paraty are the beautiful islands, so you should take the time to go and explore at least a few of them!
Beautiful beaches and islands surround Paraty, and missing that part of the paradise would be a waste of memories!
This half-day boat tour lets you experience a few islands (Comprida, Mantimento, and Algodão islands).
On top of that, the boat sails to a few beaches on the continent, but they are a bit further away.
Still, you’ll only visit mind-blowing places teeming with fish and clear water.
6. Take a Boat Trip on Paraty Bay
If you’re wondering what to do in Paraty and you know you want to get out in the water, go on a boat trip around Paraty Bay! There are two different options for this.
First, you could opt to go on a bigger boat, usually geared towards tourists who don’t mind traveling with larger groups of people. In this case, it will be more about enjoying the views aboard.
The second option is going on a private boat tour, which provides a much more intimate experience. (Sorry for not adding any link to this activity, but I couldn’t find any!)
Whichever option you choose, you’ll be delighted cruising around the bay and taking in all of the views.
7. Scuba Dive to Experience Paraty’s Sealife
Because it’s so gorgeous in this area of Brazil, one of the best things to do in Paraty is go scuba diving!
This is the perfect way to experience the underwater world of this emerald-green sea. Plus, you’ll spend 40 minutes diving in an ocean teeming with wildlife (and a shipwreck).
Have you never scuba-dived before? Don’t worry! This ticket is for beginners or people without much experience in diving, like me.
So, don’t let your lack of experience hold you back from a memorable activity like this one.
8. White Water Raft on Mambucaba River
For a super fun outdoor activity, go white water rafting on the Mambucaba River! This is a 7-hour excursion and is perfect for those who love meeting others and getting their adrenaline pumping.
Activities like white water rafting, typically life vests, helmets, and safety training are included in your ticket price.
During the white water rafting trip, you’ll also have a guide who will be with you at all times. This is to ensure safety because you’ll be with someone who has done this many times before!
Whether you’ve been white water rafting or not, this activity is one that you’ll never forget.
Plus, you’ll get to experience nature in this great area that you wouldn’t have seen otherwise.
9. Hike to the World’s Only Tropical Fjord
Another can’t-miss outdoor adventure in Paraty is hiking to the world’s only tropical fjord, Saco do Mamanguá.
While this is something you could try to do on your own, it’s best to do with a local guide who knows the way.
This hiking tour takes approximately 5 hours and is excellent, especially if you want an intimate and personalized experience for your hike.
There is also a 1,444-foot elevation gain, which is why it will be helpful to have a tour guide with you–it’s a short but challenging hike.
In the end, you’ll be rewarded with a breathtaking panoramic view of the fjord and beyond. What’s not to love?
10. Splash Around in the Waterfalls
You can find an abundance of waterfalls in Paraty, and going waterfall-seeking is such a fun activity to do while you’re visiting.
Each one is obviously different, so if you visit multiple ones, you’ll be in for a real treat. Oh, and be sure you pack your swimsuit!
One of the most popular waterfalls is Pedra Branca Waterfall, which has a calming lake at the bottom.
Other incredible waterfalls include Tobogã Waterfall (you can slide right into the pool) and Tarzan Falls.
11. Visit an Indigenous Brazilian Village
To learn more about and appreciate the area that you’re visiting, go to an indigenous Brazilian village during your trip.
Unlike popular belief, there are many indigenous villages outside the Amazon, and the Caiçara is one of them.
For around $30, you can have a 4 to 5 hour trip with a tour guide, including transportation.
During the tour, the guide will bring you to an indigenous community as well as to a few other places, including beaches and a distillery. It’s a combo of different aspects of Brazilian culture.
At the community, you’ll get immersed in their lifestyle, arts, dance, and gastronomy. It’s a once-in-a-lifetime experience.
12. Indulge at Banana da Terra Restaurant
For some of the best seafood in Paraty, head to the Banana da Terra Restaurant. It’s often ranked as the very best restaurant in all of Paraty, so if you like seafood, you can’t miss eating here.
The menu is rather extensive, and it is a bit pricier, but the cost is well worth it.
Make sure to make a reservation on their website to ensure that you’re able to go to this restaurant during your visit. Because this restaurant is so popular, it can be hard to get a reservation during peak season.
The restaurant itself has a very laid-back yet luxurious and elegant feel since it’s based in a colonial villa with garden tables, making for a great night out in Paraty.
13. Hang Out at the Best Paraty Bars
There are tons of great bars in Paraty, so take the time to go and hang out at some of them!
Cadeia Street has a number of places, side by side, making it perfect for a pub crawl.
Beyond that, this is one of the best ways to meet locals, and you can also often find some great live music.
14. Shop at Lapa and Comércio Streets
Make your way to Lapa and Comércio Streets for some shopping in Paraty.
Throughout this area of the city, you can find tons of things to buy from locals, like handicrafts, art, clothing, books, many souvenirs, and even find cachaça, which is obviously one of the most popular things to buy when visiting Paraty.
Even if you don’t need to buy anything, this is a great place to go, explore, and take in the beautiful colonial architecture while experiencing the busy streets of Paraty.
15. Explore Serra da Bocaína National Park
Last but not least, take the time to explore Serra da Bocaína National Park, one of the most enjoyable things to do in Paraty, Brazil!
This park is filled with beaches, natural pools, rivers, peaks, wildlife, and even gushing waterfalls that you won’t want to miss.
Beyond that, this national park in Brazil also has tons of great hiking trails, including the Mambucaba Path, one of the park’s most famous trails.
Exploring the park will probably take you at least a day if you want to experience all of it thoroughly.
However, if you want to have an unusual experience in this park, you might want to join this wild food tour. Wait, what?!
In this 6-hour tour, you’ll explore the national park with a foraging expert who will change your concept of food–literally.
The guide will show you what incredible things the forest has to provide us. It’s really a one-of-its-kind tour!
Wrapping Up on Paraty, Brazil
Paraty, Brazil, is such a unique colonial town with a rich history that should be remembered.
While walking through the cobblestone streets and colonial buildings, you’ll go back in time and learn about a part of Brazil’s roots.
Visiting this little town will create unforgettable memories that will leave you wanting to come back.
Brazil Travel Resources
Hey, you’re traveling to Brazil! How exciting is that?
To help you plan your trip to Brazil hassle-free, I wrote a bunch of practical guides.
For instance, this packing list has the essential items you need for your trip. This guide covers the rough cost of a trip to Brazil, and these discuss how to get the infamous Brazil sim card, how to call the country from the USA, and how to make calls while in the country–helpful to know in case you need to call a tour guide or something.
Did you enjoy reading about Paraty, Brazil? Then share this article with a friend who might enjoy it too!

domain: travel


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Wooded lot w/ mountain views close to National Forest & Shadow Mtn. Lake access. On a private road, 3 lots together. Do a reverse floor plan & you can see the lake. Utilities available, close to town & easy to get to.
|Days On Site||340|

domain: geography


In the world of nostalgic treats, Fruit Stripe Gum holds a special place in our hearts!
With its vibrant packaging, fruity flavors, and iconic zebra mascot, this chewing gum has become a symbol of our childhoods.
But news has left fans with a mix of emotions... as it has been announced that Fruit Stripe Gum is being discontinued.
The History of Fruit Stripes
Fruit Stripe Gum was introduced in the 1960s. Created by the Beech-Nut company, this fun and chewing gum came with five flavors per pack. And here's something strange...Beech-Nut also made baby food!
Why We Love Fruit Stripes Gum
What set it apart from other gums was not only its bold and varied flavors—such as cherry, lemon, and lime—but also its distinctive packaging adorned with colorful stripes and, of course, the charismatic zebra, Yipes! Over the years, it became more than just a gum; it became a symbol of childhood memories and carefree days.
And, of course...the fact that the flavor only lasted a few seconds! But we loved it anyway.
The packages even came with tattoos...and you could use them to make gum-wrapper chains!
The Sad News
In early January, Ferrara, the company that now makes the gum, announced that it is officially discontinued. There have been nostalgic tributes all over social media, as people reminisce about their childhoods.
Do you have any fond memories of Fruit Stripe? We'd love to hear them!


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Instructive ECGs in Clinical Context
----Archives, Popular Posts, and an Index of all ECGs are down the right-hand side.
The hyperkalemia V2 morphology you present in your second case reminds me a bit of Brugada variants; it seems you can even get a “saddle back” STEMI mimic from some of these presentations—as evidenced here: http://int-prop.lf2.cuni.cz/heart_sounds/ekg4/ekg16.jpg . What your case illustrates is obviously much more dramatic, however, and I appreciate your instruction in calling attention to this hyperkalemia signature. In considering this, I wonder how well these relatively subtle morphological issues translate into an algorithmic approach. I am unaware, for example, of any portable ECG system presently capable of suggesting hyperkalemia as a potential interpretation. Thank you again for these superior case presentations.
Type II and III Brugada have not turned out to be more dangerous than early repol, which also has a slightly increased long term arrhythmia risk over those without it. In fact, you can see ECGs of patients who meet type II and III criteria almost every day. So is it early repol, or is it type II or III Brugada? I don't think it matters. See this article:http://eurheartj.oxfordjournals.org/content/25/10/874.abstract
I have a treatment question.You mentioned in the cardiac arrest patient, that the treating paramedics didn't consider hyperkalemia, instead assuming the patient had a ventricular escape rhythm. Given the presentation and rhythm morphology, I doubt I would have thought any different.My question is, in the absence of pathognomonic signs of hyperkalemia in the post-arrest patient, are there contraindications to giving calcium in the field?
3 amps of calcium gluconate is harmless, except in the relatively rare case of hypercalemia. Compared to the potential benefit, as in a patient wwith a wide complex that is possbly hyperK, the risk is tiny.

domain: medical


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I’m nearing the end of my (nearly) penultimate quarter of college. And what better way to help get me through these dark days than with some spirited tango-type music? Inspired by a post from BeeHive Your Life, I’m heading into this weekend determined to get shit done and not let work, school, and the inherent meaningless of the universe get me down (yet).
For today’s Saturday Songbird – several tango scenes!
“Kiss of Fire” – Hugh Laurie and Gaby Moreno
(Watch Hugh and Gaby perform it live here! So much goodness.)
Scent of a Woman – “Por Una Cabeza”
Mask of Zorro (pasodoble, not tango, but too good to pass up)
Rent – “Tango Maureen”
Moulin Rouge – “El Tango de Roxanne”
Chicago – “Cell Block Tango”
Dance with me? Join us each week for a new Saturday Songbird!
[Header image source: The Odyssey]


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Final decisions about Measure V funding could be rendered tonight.
Vacaville school trustees could decide to take a little more time trying to figure out the best way to divvy up the final $36 million, which was originally planned to build a new comprehensive high school. With declining enrollment and skyrocketing construction costs and inflation, that plan has been ruled out as unfeasible.
We would have no problem if trustees took a little more time to mull over the latest issues – including the idea that Fairmont Elementary might need to be rebuilt from the ground up. While Fairmont is slated to get $3.5 million for improvements – and another $1.8 for inflation under several plans being considered – it would still fall short of the $14 million district officials say would be needed to rebuild the entire school. The facility”s quickly dilapidating structures became the fodder of public debate after school district officials raised the issue in a slide show presentation.
Since then, Fairmont staff and concerned parents have rallied for attention – and funds – for their school.
We have advocated that trustees look for other funding sources – not necessarily Measure V funds – before they dole out what remains of the $101.3 million.
We see no problem with trustees allotting $11.8 million to finish projects at local elementary schools that were originally planned but discarded when inflation took its toll. We think spending that money is in the best spirit of Measure V.
We urge the district to briefly delay a final decision on the balance – about $24 million – until it knows whether it might need to allocate extra for Fairmont, a school which serves one of the most diverse and socioeconomcally disadvantaged populations in the city.
If trustees hold off on spending the $5.3 million slated for Fairmont, the balance needed would be $9 million to build a new school. It is conceivable that money could come from the sale of district land or be diverted from another project. Still, some of Measure V”s bounty could be key.
Should trustees solve the problem and still have $24 million to dole out, we think Plan A makes the most sense:
• $18 million to Will C. Wood High School to build science labs and bring athletic fields up to equitable standards with Vacaville High School.
• $2.7 million to improve Tom Zunino Stadium at Vacaville High, a field both Vacaville and Wood highs use.
• $3.5 million to build a gymnasium at Vaca Pena Middle School, where band and gym classes currently share the cafeteria.
Keep in mind that these sums are in addition to money already allocated to the schools under the original Measure V proposal. Will C. Wood is already scheduled to receive $7.2 million – and another $4.5 million if inflation adjustments are approved – to upgrade lighting, flooring, classrooms, restrooms, security and more. Wood High could also be eligible for up to $9 million in state funding.
In all, Wood High could realize $39 million.
Already $15 million has been spent to improve the Vacaville High campus heating and air conditioning system, and renovate classrooms. In addition, enhancements were made to the library, Little Theatre, swimming pool, gym and science labs. If those renovations were to be made today, it would cost about $32 million. Vacaville High also could be eligible for up to $9 million in state funds.
Vaca Pena has $3.5 million allotted under Measure V and could gain another $1.8 million under the inflation plan.
It is important that some of the $36 million in question be used to improve our two comprehensive high schools, because that was what the money was originally intended to do.
We were disappointed to read that several members of The Reporter”s Reader Network favored putting the issue before voters. We ruled out that option weeks ago, when it became apparent that inflation was devaluing the money by $625,000 a month, and that to craft a new measure, educate voters and put it on the ballot would take months, thus costing the district millions of dollars.
We urge trustees to move forward on what they can, but to take their time on the issues that deserve more scrutiny.
The district has done a good job gathering input, weighing ideas and making the process transparent. As we approach the finish line, we have every confidence decisions will be appropriately weighed, vetted and acted upon.
Use the comment link to share your thoughts on our editorial. We ask that readers refrain from profanity, name-calling and derogatory statements. The Reporter is not responsible for reader comments. We ask that readers help us police the site by reporting any inappropriate content.

domain: finance


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Do you want to learn how to draw anime? If so, then this instruction made by the artists of Easydrawingart.com has been created especially for you!
So, what do you need in order to draw anime in the same way as the artists of Easydrawingart.com did? You will need a simple pencil and a piece of paper or a graphics tablet. If everything is ready, and you want to learn how to draw an anime, then let’s get started!
First of all, create a head, chest, and pelvis in the form of three ovals. Next, depict a line of the spine that connects all these three ovals.
Now use simple lines to create limbs. Be sure to mark the joints with circles. By the way, if you want to learn how to create anime proportions, write to us about this in the comments.
Create two lines on the head that will serve as landmarks for the face. Next, connect the head to the chest and the chest to the pelvis, that will create a torso.
So, to create limbs, you should also use simple geometric shapes. The arms themselves are in the form of cylinders, and the shoulder and elbow joints in the form of balls.
The legs should be created in the same way as the arms – that is, used cylinders for the upper and lower legs, and a ball for knee joints. Do not forget to depict the feet.
Using the guidelines from the third stage, create eyes, nose, and mouth. By the way, to learn more about this, go to our article on how to draw an anime face.
So, let’s give the anime head a more regular look. Let’s start with the jaw, giving it a more angular appearance. Next, portray a visible ear and neck.
This stage of the instruction on how to draw anime will be super simple because we depict hair here. They should be depicted using a large number of short lines.
Let’s work with the torso now. Depict the contours and folds of clothes, as did the artists of Easydrawingart.com. By the way, in the instruction on how to draw anime clothes, you will learn about this in detail.
Now we will do the same, but with the arms – that is, we will create the outlines and folds of the sleeves. Add cuffs and extra pleats if needed.
Anime hands are very easy to portray because they rarely have complex shapes and details. So, depict everything as the artists of Easydrawingart.com did in the sketch below.
Trace the legs in smooth lines, creating pants. In the area of the knees and ankles, create some simple folds. Pants can be either wide or narrow, as in the example from the artists of Easydrawingart.com.
Anime people most often wear sneakers. In smooth lines, depict the contours, noses, and soles, as did the artists of Easydrawingart.com in the sketch below.
Now put the pencil aside and turn to an eraser, because now is the time for it! Carefully wipe off the guidelines from the anime drawing, then use a dark pencil or ink to trace everything so that the art is aesthetically pleasing and clear.
Now you can turn your imagination to the maximum because it’s time to paint anime. You can use the color palette proposed by the artists of Easydrawingart.com, or paint the anime in any other colors.
The path on this page is completed, and if you have not gone astray, now you know how to draw anime.


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NOTE: The information in this article is accurate on the date of publication. New information discovered after this date may alter or replace some of the details.
Today we learn about the third “Olympic first” associated with the lgbt community. The previous were Prince George of Greece and Denmark and George Poage. Today I feature two Olympians who possess other “firsts”, each of those firsts differing in their specific details but significant in their own way. Both can be regarded as the first transgender Olympian. They are Leonard Chalmers (1911-1990) and Léon Caurla (1926-2002). Both competed an identified as females before undergoing transgender surgery.
First of all, let’s differentiate their respective “firsts”. Leonard Chalmers is the first Olympian to compete (Berlin 1936) who became transgender (c.1961), while Léon Caurla is the first Olympian (London 1948) to have surgery (1950). I hope that makes sense.
Another thing they have in common is that they did not actually compete in the games they attended. Both were listed as members of their respective National Olympic Committees, and both were listed as entrants in their events, but are recorded as non-starters. This may be for several reasons. Those early Olympics may not have been so formal with regards to entries and starters. There are many athletes listed who also did not start their listed event, though their names appear in official Olympic records (Léon was one of 6 non-starters recorded in his event). Another reason is that they were what we now refer to as “alternates”, athletes who are designated to fill in for another in cases of illness. Until 1992 all alternates were listed by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) and were regarded as full Olympians. Since 1992, however, the IOC have not regarded alternates as Olympians. This is where I and many Olympic historians chose to differ. In my lists of lgbt+ Olympians I include all lgbt+ alternate athletes.
Let’s look more closely first at Leonard Chalmers. He was born biological female and baptised Lilian Florence Elizabeth Chalmers. Confusion about his actual date of birth is resolved on his birth certificate and the 1939 Register of England and Wales (a national census taken to assist in the distribution of ID cards during the war) which give his birthdate as 5th December 1911. Wikipedia (as of today) gives the wrong date. I will use the female pronoun as used by both Lilian and Léon during their athletic careers.
Lilian Chalmers’ prowess on the track seems to have begun in 1932. The first real record of Lilian as a member of an international English team is at the 2nd British Empire Games (retrospectively referred to as the 2nd Commonwealth Games) in London in 1934. Lilian won the bronze medal in the women’s 100 metres sprint.
Lilian’s next major event was the 1936 Berlin Olympics, being listed as an entrant in the women’s 4x100 metres relay. As mentioned above she was a non-starter in this event. The team won the silver medal. The claim that I have seen online that Lilian’s non-start was due to criticism from other female athletes about her gender is not substantiated.
In 1937 Lilian became the British women’s 200 metres champion. This was repeated in the 1939 championship, to which she added the 400 metres title. Also in 1939 she competed at the Internationale Stadionfest (ISTAF Berlin) in the stadium that had hosted the 1936 Olympics. A few weeks later war was declared in Germany.
During Lilian’s athletic career she worked as a machinist in Coomer’s Cardboard Box factory in Portsmouth. Her last known race was in 1951. Sometime after that she moved to London, and in 1961 Lilian underwent gender surgery and adopted the name Leonard on 21st December of that year. Leonard Chalmers died from a stroke in 1990.
Although Leonard was the first transgender athlete known to attend the Olympics he was not the first to undergo reassignment surgery. As mentioned, that distinction currently belongs to Léon Caurla. It should be pointed out that, in all probability, Léon Caurla was intersex.
Léon was born in the French town of Etain and was assigned female at birth. He was baptised Léa. Her first major competition was the 1946 European Athletics Championships in Oslo. She won a bronze medal in the 200 metres. In the first heat she was racing against the Polish sprinter Stanisława Walasiewicz (later known as Stella Walsh), a fellow intersex athlete.
On the same day as winning her bonze medal Léa won a silver medal as part of the 4x100 metres relay team. Stanisława Walasiewicz also competed in this event (her team came last). On Léa’s team was Claire Brésolles. Shortly after the Oslo championships Claire transitioned and adopted the name Pierre. He does not appear in any Olympic records. It is claimed on Wikipedia that Léa and Claire were lovers. This is not true.
In 1948 Lea was listed as an entrant in the women’s 200 metres at the London Olympics. As with Lilian Chalmers in 1936, Lea may have been an alternate athlete. But there could be another reason.
Gender verification in sport has a long and complicated evolution and history. In 1946 the International Amateur Athletics Federation (now known as World Athletics) introduced regulations requiring all athletes competing in female categories to provide a medical certificate before each competition verifying their female gender before being allowed to compete. Léa must have provided one in 1946 in order to compete at the European Championships. However, moving two years on to the Olympics and a physical examination had become mandatory. It is recorded that Léa refused to take this physical examination. The outcome was certain. Léa was barred from the French athletics federation and from the Olympics. I’m still trying to ascertain the date this happened. This must have been after the Olympics or Léa would have been disqualified from entering, and her name would never have appeared in official records.
It was at this time that Lea decided to live as a man and undergo surgery. In late 1950 the surgery took place, and Léa emerged as Léon, revealing his transition to the press in March 1952.
Details of Léon Caurla’s life after this are scarce. We know that he joined the French Air Force at some stage, and that he married and had children. By the 1980s he had returned to his hometown of Etain, where he had several jobs – a travelling salesman, owner of a florist shop, and he also rented out property.
While we cannot say with certainty that Léon Caurla was the first transgender Olympian, bearing in mind he was probably intersex, we can say that Leonard Chalmers was the first Olympian who definitely was, even though he wasn’t the first to have surgery.
With transgender issues being even more of an issue in sport than ever before we wait to see if and when transgender athletes will ever compete at the Olympics in the future.
My opinion doesn’t count for anything, but I think it is time for sport to drop its current method of scoring results. Athletic results already take into account wind speed and altitude, so, if transgender athletes have an alleged unfair advantage, why can’t someone come up with a formula that takes this into account. Let transgender athletes compete in whatever gender category they wish. Applying the formula would ensure a fairer result, even if it means finishing first and being declared third, or whatever. In the future, if it is decided that transgender athletes should never have been subjected to the formula, that formula can be removed retrospectively. The athletes not subject to the application of the formula retain their positions and medals, but if that then means there are two gold medallists, fine. Its an idea that needs a lot more work put into it.
We can only hope that sports organising bodies, transgender athletes, and transgender critics can work together for once and come up with a solution that pleases everyone.

domain: history


China PLA Fielding New Light Tank
The People's Liberation Army (PLA) has started to field a new light tank armed with a 105 mm gun.The new tank will replace the PLA's Type 62 and Type 63 light tanks. Its estimated weight of around 30 tonnes could give it significant export potential given that main battle tanks (MBTs) are often too heavy for road networks and bridges.
The light tank will also give the PLA operational flexibility inside China. The PLA's latest Type 99 series MBT weigh at least 50 tonnes, which, coupled with their overall size, makes them difficult to deploy to some parts of the country.
The light tank, which may have the designation of the Type 99A2 (which, confusingly, is also the designation of the latest version of the Type 99 MBT), is of conventional layout with the driver at the front, turret and fighting compartment in the centre, and the diesel power pack at the rear.
Main armament comprises a stabilised 105 mm rifled gun fitted with a fume extractor and thermal sleeve with a 7.62 mm co-axial machine gun.
In addition to firing conventional natures of 105 mm ammunition, including the latest BTA2 armour-piercing fin-stabilised discarding sabot round, it can also probably fire the GP2 105 mm laser-guided missile, which has a maximum range of 5,000 m and is fitted with a tandem high-explosive anti-tank (HEAT) warhead.
The hull and turret appear to be of all welded steel armour construction with the upper part of the suspension covered by a skirt in some photographs.
Explosive reactive armour is fitted to the front and sides of the turret to provide a higher level of protection against weapons fitted with a HEAT warhead. The flat hull sides would make it easy to fit additional armour if required.
Suspension consists of six road wheels with an idler at the front and drive sprocket at the rear, and three track return rollers. It is probable that the suspension is of the hydropneumatic type, which allows the driver to adjust the ground clearance to suite the terrain.
berminat dengan Barang Asia bagus, murah meriah dan bebas embargo?
buat gantikan scorpion...


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Cartoons are illustrations containing significant symbolism that expresses the artist s point of view towards a political or social issue. Political cartoons are meant to rouse the viewers to take some sort of action upon the message the artist is trying to give or at least get the viewer to see.
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In this episode, Ryan Thomas, Founder of The Intimate Lifestyle, talks about how to build sexual confidence.
About Ryan Thomas
After serving in the Canadian Army for 11 years, Ryan discovered an underlying hatred for women. As a result, it created too many failed relationships that ended on sour terms.
This anger also manifested itself into a self-destructive cocktail of low self-esteem, premature ejaculation, approval seeking, erectile dysfunction and performance anxiety.
After years of internal growth and personal work, Ryan finally healed the infection of anger and hatred. He now experiences the beautiful sexual and platonic relationships with women that he always wanted.
Ryan spends his time building his business The Intimate Lifestyle and podcast Modern SexTalks, and helping men build sexual confidence, deepen intimacy in their relationships, and recover from sexual shame.
Listen To Interview
What You’ll Learn In This Episode:
- Why relying on sex to feel like a man is damaging
- The source of erectile dysfunction and how to fix it
- Weird mental hacks that will help you last longer in bed
- How to effectively communicate your sexual needs
- How porn affects your intimate life negatively
Thanks For Listening
If you enjoyed this episode and think that others could benefit from listening, please share it using the social media buttons on this page.
Subscribe To The Podcast
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If you have a minute, please leave an honest review on iTunes.


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Let’s face it, if you’ve been microwaving oats all week, you want your blowout weekend breakfast to be a good one, and lately your staple eggs benny just hasn’t been enough. You know what it’s missing? Booze.
It doesn’t matter if it’s hair of the dog from a big Friday night, or a simple upgrade from your latte to an espresso martini, you deserve a boozy breakfast every once in a while. Luckily for your indecisive-Saturday-morning-self, we’ve put together a list of our favourite brunch and lunch cocktail venues. Booze appétit.
THOMSON’S RESERVE | SPRING HILL
You shouldn’t have to stray from your weekend morning routine (and by morning we mean 2pm, because you should be sleeping before then). Start it right with a (champagne) shower – a free-flowing Louis Roederer champagne shower that is. Thomson’s Reserve has dubbed every weekend Champagne Weekend, which means that you get to pair the finest champagne with three courses from the a la carte menu, featuring meals such as spanner crab with crème fraiche, sorrel and grapefruit. Reserve a spot, stat.
DARLING & CO | PADDINGTON
Want a way to up your fruit intake and get your boozy brunch fix at the same time? Darling & Co’s Bottomless Bellini Sundays make for a delicious morning treat that most definitely still fits into your diet plan (…right?). For $39pp, you can pair any Bellini option (start with vanilla and white peach, because fruit intake) with one of three menu options, including new season asparagus risotto with goats curd and lemon.
RIVERBAR & KITCHEN | CBD
You’ll want to stay for more than one glass of boozy breakfast beverages at Riverbar & Kitchen, with river views as good looking as the plate of French toast with mascarpone, plums, pistachio and maple syrup in front of you. Lucky they make it easy to stay for another drink with jugs of white sangria or lychee mojito.
MALT PIER | NEWSTEAD
Anyone with a specific ‘breakfast cocktails’ menu has our vote. Choose from three refreshing beverages, or order all three and select a designated driver! Enjoy the citrus-y Breakfast @ Pier, the classic Bloody Mary, or a rich and spicy espresso martini with spiced rum for an extra morning kick.
NANA & DA’S | KEDRON
Ever taking care of their patrons, Nana & Da proclaim their hot breakfast and Bloody Mary combination to be the best hangover cure in Brisbane. Celery and tomato sound restorative enough to us, but combine it with a whole lot of bacon and you’ll be hangover free in no time.
CANVAS | WOOLLOONGABBA
We’re not normally ones to turn down a steaming hot flat white, but when we can upgrade to an espresso martini, well, that’s a no brainer. With an array of brunch cocktails on the weekend brunch menu, eggs your way has never been so exciting.
SUMMER HOUSE | KANGAROO POINT
If it’s simplicity you’re after, the Summer House champagne and watermelon bellini will not fail you, but if you’re looking for a kicker of a morning cure, there is no wrong choice between the mimosa and their fallen coconut cocktail, with coconut rum, vodka, pineapple juice, lime & fresh coconut water (look at you being all healthy with that coconut water). Pair either with the beef brisket benedict and you’ll be ready to take on the day!
ALFRED & CONSTANCE | FORTITUDE VALLEY
Oh A&C, is there anything you can’t do? After a big night, head right on back to Alfred & Constance for some good daiquiri jugs. Our rule is – if it’s served with fruit, you can have it for breakfast. The Nutella pancakes are also served with fruit – put two and two together and you can start a health blog.
HARVEY’S BAR AND BISTRO | FORTITUDE VALLEY
Specializing in the art of breakfast, is it really a surprise that Harvey’s knows exactly how to perfect a Saturday morning meal? Start the weekend with a strawberry southside (it sounds similar enough to a strawberry smoothie, so you shouldn’t feel guilty) or save a dark and stormy mojito for a rainy day.
KETTLE AND TIN | PADDINGTON
With four varieties of Bloody Mary’s to choose from, prepare to see red. There’s also a mimosa and espresso martini on the menu, and all pair delightfully with your vanilla pancakes for the perfect hair of the dog. If you’re not a tomato fan, kombucha can be infused with a shot of gin for an extra morning kick.
BLOCKHOUSE COFFEE & EATS | Nundah
Did someone say bottomless mimosas? Head down to Blockhouse on Saturday or Sunday to indulge in an endless supply of nature’s best hangover cure. When champagne is served with orange juice, it qualifies as both a serve of fruit and a wholesome breakfast drink, so you can have as many as you like. It’s science.
With the guidance of this list, start your Brisbane breakfast the right way: with a fork in one hand and an alcoholic beverage in the other.
Words by Rebecca Grady and Nicole Portacha


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Fun, Colorful and Rustic Virginia Wedding
We LOVE fun weddings and this gorgeous affair from Jack Looney Photography is fun from head to toe! You can totally tell that the sweet bride & groom, Elizabeth & Peter, had the time of their lives. Oh so sweet.
The Wedding Pros:
Photographer: Jack Looney Photography//Event Planner: A. Dominick Events*//Event Planner:A Dominick Events//Hair Stylist: Bristles Hair Design & Day Spa//Cake Designer: Cakes by Rachel//Caterer: Champagne Taste Catering//Floral Designer:Flowers by Natalie//Lighting: MS Events//Musicians: The Jangling Reinharts


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Choose your style
Italy: Little by Little
Specializing in beautifying your environment thru decor, styling and creating outdoor living spaces.
Inspiration: Travels thru Italy.
Mission: Thoughtfully and naturally bringing beauty into the world.
Check out creative design services tab for web/graphic design, creative and art direction portfolio.
Le Tre Sorelle - Positano Italy
Sunning at Glencoe Beach
Positano view from the terrace
Clams for pasta
Castiglione del Lago


So, the folks who said this year’s Winter Meetings were going to be nuts? Yup. They were right. It was already huge for the Cubs coming into today, with Jon Lester, Miguel Montero, and Jason Hammel on the way. But it didn’t stop with the Cubs, and the high profile rumors/moves just carried on in into the evening (including a rumor that Justin Upton would waive his no-trade clause to come to the Cubs). Already we’ve discussed Wade Miley on the move and the relationship to a possible Travis Wood deal (about which the Rangers have apparently thought), the Phillies are sending Jimmy Rollins to the Dodgers, who also picked up a haul from the Marlins. And there was that crazy Nats “blow the roof off” rumor. Plus now the Dodgers might be getting Brandon McCarthy. Mercy.
Among the other things …
- As for the Cubs, specifically, Theo Epstein met with the media tonight, reiterating his previous stance that the Cubs are not going to be signing two nine-figure pitchers this offseason (per Patrick Mooney – so if you stumbled across any strange and surprising James Shields rumors this evening, you can probably discard them). He also said that, if the Cubs do make another deal before the meetings let up tomorrow, it’ll probably be a small one (per Jesse Rogers). And the money quote:
Theo: "People ask if we’re all in for 2015. The best response is we’re all in for the future. The future starts in ’15."
— Mark Gonzales (@MDGonzales) December 11, 2014
- Speaking of a possible small deal for the Cubs, Marc Topkin says there is “chatter” that Jonny Gomes could be the next to join the Cubs, and Buster Olney says the Cubs would like to sign him. The Cubs have been known to have interest in the veteran bat for a while now, and he’d be fine, depending on the composition of the rest of the roster. He likely can still hit lefties quite well. Mostly, the interest must be for his clubhouse presence, because his addition will probably push Justin Ruggiano out (and he’s a little more versatile and possibly cheaper). The front office and Joe Maddon know Gomes well, though, so I won’t argue – at least not about a bench guy.
- Jordan Zimmermann’s name isn’t leaving the rumor mill any time soon, with Jon Morosi noting how frequently he’s popping up in trade talks. The Nats are also talking to teams about reliever Tyler Clippard (another name that keeps coming up) and lefty Ross Detwiler, per Ken Rosenthal. Jayson Stark says there’s a surprising amount of buzz about Zimmermann and Clippard. Again, I point to that crazy, but non-specific Nationals rumor. Zimmermann and Clippard, alone, wouldn’t be enough to blow off the roof at the Winter Meetings. But they could be in there somewhere.
- (On Clippard, by the way, James Wagner writes that the Nats wouldn’t be just looking to unload his projected $9 million salary for a lower-tier prospect. I always expected that Clippard would cost a good prospect, just not a great one.)
- Speaking of big trade rumors, the Matt Kemp/Yasmani Grandal/plus trade “has legs”, according to Jon Heyman. And speaking of which, Patrick Mooney says the Cubs aren’t interested in any of the Dodgers’ high-priced outfielders.
- The Rockies are getting a lot of interest on outfielder Corey Dickerson says Ken Rosenthal, but they’d have to be “overwhelmed” to move him.
- Are the Dodgers going to take a run at James Shields? And the Twins may be going after Ervin Santana.
- The Pirates added to their bullpen today, picking up lefty Antonio Bastardo from the Phillies.


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2013-2014 Season Tickets
The Traverse Symphony Orchestra has been recognized as an artistic jewel--an orchestra of power, depth and brilliance. We are here, ready to bring you a season of incredible musical experiences.
From four guest soloists--including two piano soloists sharing music across two keyboards--to performances with the NMC Grand Traverse Chorale and Chamber Singers to a special rendition of the 1931 Frankenstein at the State Theatre, the 2013-2014 season is one not to be missed.
Join us and make the connection--SUBSCRIBE NOW!
Click here to download the season brochure or click here for the online schedule. To purchase, call the Symphony office at 231-947-7120 x 7 or mail your order form to 300 E. Front St., Ste. 230, Traverse City, MI 49684. Online ordering begins Wednesday, June 10.
All 7 concerts, a 20% savings
Create Your Own Series
Any 5 concerts, a 15% savings
Any 4 concerts, a 10% savings
(Click to view)
*Please note that Frankenstein tickets are for sale separately from the regular season subscription packages. Each ticket is $20 including ticket fees; seating is by general admission at the State Theatre.


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Cracking the AP Biology Exam
Animal Structure and Function
V. THE EXCRETORY SYSTEM
As you already know, all organisms must get rid of wastes. In this chapter, we’ll focus primarily on how organisms get rid of nitrogenous wastes (products containing nitrogen) and regulate water. When cells break down proteins, one of the byproducts is ammonia (NH3), a substance that is toxic to the body. Consequently, organisms had to develop ways of converting ammonia to a less poisonous substance. Some animals convert ammonia to uric acid, while others convert ammonia to urea. Some examples of excretory organs among invertebrates are nephridia(found in earthworms) and Malpighian tubules (found in arthropods).
THE HUMAN EXCRETORY SYSTEM
In humans, the major organ that regulates excretion is the kidney. Each kidney is made up of a million tiny structures called nephrons. Nephrons are the functional units of the kidney. A nephron consists of several regions: the Bowman’s capsule, the proximal convoluted tubule, theloop of Henle, the distal convoluted tubule, and the collecting duct. The renal cortex, or outer-most section, contains the Bowman’s capsule and the proximal convoluted tubules. The renal medulla, the inner section, contains the loop of Henle and the distal convoluted tubules.
Here’s an illustration of a nephron:
How does a nephron work? Let’s trace the flow of blood in a nephron. Blood enters the nephron at the Bowman’s capsule. A blood vessel called the renal artery leads to the kidney and branches into arterioles, then tiny capillaries. A ball of capillaries that “sits” within a Bowman’s capsule is called a glomerulus. Blood is filtered as it passes through the glomerulus and the plasma is forced out of the capillaries into the Bowman’s capsule. This plasma is now called a filtrate.
The filtrate travels along the entire nephron. From the Bowman’s capsule, the filtrate passes through the proximal convoluted tubule, then the loop of Henle, then the distal convoluted tubule, and finally the collecting duct. As it travels along the tube, the filtrate is modified to formurine.
What happens next? The concentrated urine moves from the collecting ducts into the ureters, then into the bladder, and finally out through the urethra.
How Urine Is Made
Urine is produced in the nephron by three processes: filtration, reabsorption, and secretion.
- Filtration—The blood is filtered as it passes through the glomerulus to the Bowman’s capsule. Small substances, such as ions, water, glucose, urea, and amino acids, easily pass through the capillary walls. Large substances, such as proteins and blood cells, are too big to pass through.
- Reabsorption—As the filtrate moves through the proximal convoluted tubule, some materials are reabsorbed. The small solutes, such as water, nutrients, and salts, leave the proximal convoluted tubule and are reabsorbed by a network of capillaries, the peritubular capillaries, that surround the tubules. The material remaining in the tubule is urine.
- Secretion—As the filtrate moves through the convoluted tubules, some substances, such as H+, potassium, and ammonium ions, are secreted from the surrounding capillaries into the tubule.
Hormones of the Kidney
Two hormones regulate the concentration of water and salt in the kidneys: vasopressin (also known as antidiuretic hormone) and aldosterone. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) allows water to be reabsorbed from the collecting duct. If your fluid intake is low (or if you’re dehydrated), ADH helps your body retain water by concentrating the urine. If, however, your fluid intake is high, ADH levels will be low, and the body won’t reabsorb most of the water. Your urine will contain lots of water and therefore be dilute. For now, just remember that ADH controls the volume of urine. The other hormone, aldosterone, is responsible for regulating sodium reabsorption at the distal convoluted tubule.
The skin is also an excretory organ that gets rid of excess water and salts from the body. Believe it or not, your skin is the largest organ in the body! It contains 2.5 million sweat glands that secrete water and ions through pores. The skin’s primary function is to regulate body temperature.
The skin has three layers: the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue (or hyperdermis). Sweat glands are found in the dermis layer along with blood vessels, nerves, and sebaceous—or oil—glands.
The epidermis is covered by a layer of dead cells called the stratum corneum. These cells form a barrier against invading microorganisms. The bottom layer of skin, the subcutaneous tissue, is mostly fats.
To summarize, in humans, two organs control fluid balance and dispose of metabolic wastes:
- The kidney—gets rid of nitrogenous wastes and reabsorbs water and salt.
- The skin—gets rid of excess salt and water.
EXCRETORY SYSTEM QUIZ
Directions: Each of the questions or incomplete statements below is followed by five suggested answers or completions. Select the answer that is best in each case. Answers can be found here.
1. The illustrations below depict the nephron of the kidney in the kangaroo rat and the human.
Compared to the human kidney, the kangaroo rat’s kidney is capable of producing more concentrated urine because its kidney
(A) allows the glomerulus to filter the blood more rapidly
(B) allows more filtrate to be reabsorbed in the proximal convoluted tubule
(C) allows the longer loop of Henle causes water to move into the interstitial fluid
(D) produces uric acid instead of urea
(E) causes urine to pass through the right atrium and ventricle
Directions: Each group of questions consists of five lettered headings followed by a list of numbered phrases or sentences. For each numbered phrase or sentence, select the one heading that is the most closely related to it and fill in the corresponding oval on the answer sheet. Each heading may be used once, more than once, or not at all in each group.
Questions 2–5 refer to the following excretory organs
(B) Urinary Bladder
2. Structure that expands as it stores urine
3. Structure through which urine leaves the bladder
4. Structure that carries the urine from the kidney to the bladder
5. Promotes water retention by the kidneys
6. All of the following would most likely filter through the glomerulus into the Bowman’s capsule EXCEPT


Outgoing US President Barack Obama could have "committed" the cyber hacks that rocked the country ahead of the recently concluded presidential election, John Bolton, a former Bush administration official, has alleged.
Outgoing US President Barack Obama could have “committed” the cyber hacks that rocked the country ahead of the recently concluded presidential election, John Bolton, a former Bush administration official and the US ambassador to United Nations, has alleged.
During the Presidential campaign, email accounts of Democratic National Committee and John Podesta, chairman of Hillary Clinton’s campaign, were compromised by hackers. The Clinton camp had claimed the hacks were carried out by Russia. However, Donald Trump’s campaign team downplayed such allegations.
According to The Washington Post report on Friday, the US intelligence community concluded that Russia was behind the hacks to help Trump beat Clinton. On December 9, Obama ordered review to find out evidence of Russian interference in the presidential election.
Politico quoted Bolton as saying during an interview with Fox News that cyber hacks were “a false flag operation” which might have been carried out by the Obama administration,
To prove his claim, Bolton questioned as to why FBI director James Comey said no direct evidence of subversion by foreign intelligence service was found during the investigation into Hillary Clinton’s private server, but cyber fingerprints were discovered with regard to the presidential election.
If the claims of Russian involvement in the hacking incident were true, then, Bolton wondered as to why the Russians “used their smart intelligence service against Hillary’s server, but their dumb intelligence service against the election?”
Bolton also claimed that intelligence community was politicised to a “very significant degree” in the Obama administration. He alleged that the Obama administration would try to complete the probe by January 20 as after that the responsibility of review would go into the hands of Trump’s nominee for CIA director post, Mike Pompeo.
Bolton previously served as the US ambassador to the United Nations. Trump is reportedly considering to appoint him as the No.2 in US State Department. A hardliner, Bolton has urged the Trump administration to adopt a “tougher line” on China to check the latter’s military aggressiveness in South and East China seas.
Reuters reported Bolton as saying that the US should consider using a “diplomatic ladder of escalation”, that may start with receiving Taiwanese diplomats officially at the State Department and giving the latter full diplomatic recognition.
(With agency inputs)


- 106 tripods
A tripod is an object you can put a camera on. That way, you can create stable and vibration-free images. Various types of tripods exist, including monopods, gorilla pods, stabilizers, and tripods. Which one is the best one for you depends on what you want to use it for, what camera you have, and what the desired working height is.


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The B-Side is U.C. Berkeley’s premier and only student-run music magazine. Through our online and — as of November 2016 — our printed publication, we aim to connect the campus community with the local, national, and global music scene by discovering, curating, sharing, documenting, and embracing the culture of sound.
est. Fall 2013 (Spring 2014 as “The B-Side”)
The B-Side began in a pretty grassroots way.
Before I left for college, I told my friends, “I’m gonna start a post-punk club when I get to Cal.”I’ve always loved music; I immersed myself in the scene from a young age and as an avid journalist I wound up writing about and analyzing it. Ultimately, there was no way I’d escape college without joining or creating a music-related club. And creating was the more likely scenario since music journalism is a niche thing. Not everyone’s going to tell you, “Yeah, I totally want to be a low-paid music journalist,” you know?
At Cal, I immediately teamed up with existing music champions on campus KALX FM. As an inherent writer, I was inspired to document everything that was happening but Cal didn’t yet have a strict hub for music news. Fortunately, the right people showed up at the right time.
Via KALX, I met a musician who had started a music magazine on her campus. She wanted to bring music reporting to universities nationally, with theirs as a flagship chapter. But as we started working together, our visions didn’t quite align. We — the UC Berkeley chapter — wanted different things.
We had great ideas and the means to deliver on those ideas, so we decided to move forward with our own vision autonomously. By Spring 2014 we had fleshed this vision out with a new name and website. And though it started with the idea and efforts of a few people, it has slowly grown into a collective under a united vision, working toward the same goal: to share, love, embrace, and be comfortably passionate about the music we love.
Audrey Gertz, founding Editor-in-Chief; UC Berkeley class of 2014
with edits by Joanna Jiang, founding Communications + PR Director; UC Berkeley class of 2016 and Eda Yu, Editor-in-Chief 2016-2017; UC Berkeley class of 2017