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Impressions of a 5-day tour to the Broken Islands, off the west coast of BC, billed as Canada’s most popular kayaking destination. It’s part of Pacific Rim park, and consists of over 100 small islands – sheltered waters, lots of wildlife. The tour operators were Batstar, out of Port Alberni.
I have a collection of photographs on Flickr.
Monday September 3, 2007. Restless night of anticipation in the B&B, basement suite in the owners’ home, shared with Margaret, Roxy and Bruce. Up at 6:30 am, breakfast at 7 am, joined by Kal, Lynda, Lara and Doug. Ample breakfast distinguished especially by the muffins, vegan and tasty, and tangy lemon-something herbal tea. Stash stay-behind gear in my big dark grey kayaking gear bag, the one that’s gone with me to Christopher Lake, shed wallet and keys. Load gear into the van, stacking yellow and blue drybags like lumpy logs, boots and watershoes into a cardboard box, multiple lumpy clanking bags kakhi and red. Snag front seat of van, so have the option of fixed stare at scenery if it gets really twisty. Long vistas on Sproat lake, long, narrow, steep mountains above, then climbing through – what’s the pass? Turn off on logging road, having collected other guide, Matt, at the junction, him standing beside a remarkably small pack. Too small, it transpires: he has come away sans sleeping bag, and all spare clothing; he has only what he stands up in. He’s a man of the coast; he’s not fussed. Logging road is dry rutted, jarring; midway up, we round a corner and a compact black animal lollops off the road into the brush. My thought-process go something like: dog, not-dog … bear??
Toquart Bay’s a long parking lot, with a trailer for the wardens, assorted campers. The bay itself is still, shiny silver sea, lacy grey sky. Triangular peaks to the left, low tufts of islands straight ahead. Spread out the tarpaulins, and carry kayaks across the broad, dull sand to the water’s edge, four people to a double, two to a single. Then gear, heaped around the perimeter of the spread tarpaulin, leaving an empty middle. Day bag into cockpit, other gear packed to fit in aft, rear and mid hatches, efficiently by Matt and Jordy. We’ve three Seaward doubles, one Current designs double, and the guides in two Seaward singles. Self in rear, with foot pedals, paddling partner Lynda in front. She’s an experienced dragon-boater. Overcast but not raining, so leave off rain-jacket, pull on sprayskirt and PFD over vintage purple undervest worn through six Calgary, one Ottawa, and five Victoria winters. Roll up sleeves. Pop contact lenses in, sunglasses on, set hat on head. Too wide for a straddle-drop, so sit behind cockpit, foot and foot and slide rump onto seat with barely a wobble. Water’s slick and slippy, for the first hundred yards, gets duller and thicker thereafter. After the Kestrel (my own 12′ recreational boat), the yellow double steers like a laden tanker. Alongside the Stopper Islands we meet the inbound group, weave between them, swap paddles, our straight-edged basic whites for their spiffy ergonomic shaft zig-zag carbon paddles. They’ve seen a whale, they say, out in Toquart Bay. Lunch comes quickly: sandwiches, assembled on a beach on the Stopper Islands. My sleeves are wet, my waist is wet beneath the spray-skirt, and I don’t want to get wetter, so on goes the waterproof, over the wet sleeves. As we launch, the rain begins. We draw clear of the Stoppers, someone points and to the left and the rear across the water, a plume, a narrow line of black, a plume, a heave of black, a tail, just as all the pictures: humpback whale.
My first impression of the islands is: black tufts in the pale grey sea. The height of the trees is startling. Small, medium or large, each has a narrow cuff of rock and beach around a pocket forest. It must be the rain that supports such growth, like the rain on the sheer slopes of Doubtful Sound. The guidebook says sitka spruce, Douglas fir, Western red cedar, Western hemlock, Amabilis fir and mentions shore pines, though I’m not sure from the context whether they’re still here or were a pioneer species post-glaciation. Fern and salal undergrowth. As to the rocks, the guidebook mentions amphibolite invaded by granite, or suspended in light quartz dolorite, forming agmatite, seen on most of the islands, most of all on Hand.
The Batstar campsite is on Keith Island, near to the center of the group, by special arrangement, as it is reservation land. Long fetch against the wind, into the train, towards dark dome of island, followed by long slog down what seems an endless, rain drenched succession of island-knuckles, towards a small and only slowly growing fleck of pallor beneath the trees, our campsite, Matt tells us. The knurled island-coast, on request, gains a name: Jaques Island, named for whom, Jordy cannot say. The scrap beneath the trees slowly expands into a white tarpaulin, balanced on upright poles between beach-anchored and tree-tied guy lines. To its right is a blue tarpaulin erected over a working bench consisting of two log-planks arrayed as a T; this will become the cooking and serving tent. When we land, the tide is almost up to the supports of the white tent. This is where we are to pile the personal gear, which we do, emptying cockpits and hatches and into piles as random as those on Toquart Beach. The camp gear, the translucent blue cuboidal water drums, the black water-sacks, the red and dark green bags distorted with cryptic bulges – one, falling open, reveals the spiky crown of a single pineapple, misplaced in the rain-blurred mossy forest – the boxes of juice, all those lined up along or below the cook-tent planks. Aside from those, the furniture consists in sum of two folding tables covered in green plastic and yellow plastic table cloths, one beachward and one behind the planks, subsequently moved to the beach. Under the white tarp there is a half-buried half-log that might sit three, shoulder to shoulder. To the far side of the cook tent there is a fire-pit, with logs and planks laid out for benches on all but the beach side, but uncovered, open to the rain. A fire, lit, sputters and goes out. We huddle under the white tarpaulin that sags with pockets of rainwater which, when poked from underneath, sluices in random surges off the edge, dousing bags and innocent bystanders. The incoming tide laps around the bases of the seaward poles, and we shuffle the luggage ahead of it. Matt and Jordy boil water, make coffee, set aside a pot of hot water for reconstitution of various brightly coloured herbal teas; I choose blackberry, for consolation. After tea, I carry my dry-bag into the dripping rain-forest, find something of a clearing, and, shivering and trying to balance my bags on the brick-red loam, peel off my saturated purple top and soaked gray fleece pants, and pull on my dusty blue fleece, which shortly seems as wet as the purple, being pulled on over a damp body in the rain, and synthetic chinos, which I know dry quickly. Shivering still, I returned to the beach, clinging to the promise of a forecast that says clearing after today.
The beach is on the end of Keith Island farthest from Toquart and the mainland, sheltered by a small peninsula, which has a stand of trees at its tip. The arc of midden beach almost disappears at high tide, but the rocky beach to either side stands higher and remains dry. The campsite itself is a series of small pockets on the brick-orange loam, between the lean mossy trunks, connected by a trodden-in trail. My guidebook describes the sitka as the preferred tree of the fringes of the sea, magnesium and salt-tolerant; distinguished by its grey, scaly bark and its sharp-tipped needles. I test this: ouch. Three tents are already set up, three are to be set up, one double, two singles. I draw the long stick, for a single tent. Thread my way back and forth along the approximate path in exploration, and detour down to the beach to find a small sandy spot that slopes only slightly, sheltered by a sitka spruce, peering out over a grassy/mossy/rocky beach at the sea. The drawback of the damp and mosquitos, I’ll discover later. Beg Matt’s help to assemble tent, since when I learned to pitch a tent, they had vertical struts and cross-poles. Three multisectioned poles, with elastic to snap them into alignment, threaded through the filmy channels, arced and pushed into the eyeholes, stood, rather uncertainly, up. Over goes the fly, snapped onto the eyeholes. Hammer pegs into the sand and grit, negotiating between friable sand and impenetrable rock. Voila, one tent. Retrieve last sleeping bag from the much reduced heap under the tarp, heeding instructions to not open it until the last moment: being down, it will absorb moisture. Forage for thermarest, nice plump thermarest. Hope to finally break hex that afflicts all inflatable beds I try to sleep on. Locate outhouse, two seater shack to the rear of the camp with water-swollen doors that do not shut. To signal occupancy, you lift orange float hanging on the outer wall off its hook and drop it on the ground. No great cloud of insects rises up with the lifting of the lid, but the ammoniacal smell purges the sinuses. After the first two days, I’ll get the hang of carrying some toilet paper in my pocket, so I don’t have to divert back to the tent for the ziploc-bagged roll.
Supper is chicken stir fry, with rice, eaten with … chopsticks whittled from firewood and niffy with Purel hand sanitizer. Handoff of paddles was also supposed to include handoff of utensils. Jordy sits whittling in the rain by the firepit as Matt serves. The only seating is in the rain around the firepit, and the fire was lit but lasted briefly. We eat, standing up or crouched, beneath the canvas. The tide is beginning to recede, showing more of the white of the midden beach. Eventually the canoe launch will become visible, a curving channel cleared by the original settlers for their canoes. It’s already duskish, so we traipse back to our tents. My settling in is interrupted by my putting my elbow into a pool of water. I’ve pitched the tent running parallel to the slight seaward slope, and there’s a trickle running from top to bottom. The engineering’s beyond me; I roust Matt, from his beach spot above the fire-pit. We scuttle around shifting pegs and guys, but the tent’s age is showing: the fly isn’t staying clear of the tent itself, and where it’s contacting, it’s leaking. We stake it out as tautly as we can, in the sand, in the dark, in the rain. Once inside I discover that each fallen droplet from the sheltering tree overhead lands as if on a drumskin on the taut fly, and still it leaks. I dam the riverlet with my towel, push earplugs into my ears, and huddle in the clammy sleeping bag for a long night, achieving a state of hallucinatory semi-consciousness courtesy of exhaustion and Gravol in the small hours.
Tuesday September 4, 2007. Thin light grows stronger, with a warmth to it that hints at sun. The drumming of rain on taut fly has stopped, only the occasional beat of a drop falling from the tree above. From the water, something goes ‘houff!’, and I can hear indistinct voices from along the beach; belatedly it comes to me, that it might be a whale. It is, and as reported to me later, it sounded right in our bay. I unzip the tent and peer at grey obscurity. The light was deceptive: fog cloaks the far islands. With a roaring clatter the water taxi arrives from the north-east – cutlery by special delivery. Our chopsticks can go back to the land, with thanks. I watch the taxi skip away northwards. Too late to plead for rescue; besides, I couldn’t face that skip. I unzip and fold down the whole half-moon flap and pull my ‘camp’ drybag inside, pulling off sleeping sweats and bundling them in, and rummaging for clean underwear. Then to scoop yesterday’s soggy clothing from the ‘wet’ end of the tent – which is no wetter than the dry end, because the floor’s saturated. Drag on my undervest, and purple vest and paddling fleece, all wet, and over them the new fleece and waterproof jacket. It’s a cramped and arduous process, dressing in a tent, twisting and scuffling and leaning on my arms, and trying not to let any part of me or the sleeping bag for that matter slip off the thermarest, a merely-damp raft amongst the wet. Yesterday’s wool socks are beyond redemption, my microfiber towel is sodden, since I used that to dam last nights riverlet, the sleeping bag feels clammy as I grab handfuls of it to cram into its stuff sac, squash down and cinch the stuff sac, and pitch into its garbage bag. Then the thermarest goes up on its side, likewise the small thermarest pillows, the drybags are parked in the tent vestibules, the openings in the tent are unzipped to the mosquito linings and the inner flaps rolled up and toggled, and I can finally swing my feet out of the tent and balance with them hanging in air until I drag the boots under them. Pull on cold, damp boots, lace up laces, wring moisture out of them, clamber stiffly to feet, look out across the swampy beach to the misty water. The needles on the branches of the sitka are tipped with tiny droplets. Tramp along the loam to join the group on the beach, awaiting breakfast. Synthetics are, as advertised, tolerably warm even when wet. I shall come to worship my thick Arteryx fleece. Breakfast is french toast, with condiments and whale. We crowd onto the rocky portion of the beach to watch it swim by.
Load kayaks, carry them to the water. Tide’s lower, now the canoe channel is visible. Form up and paddle out of the bay. South from Keith, west of Mullins, west of Onion, south of Wiebe, south-east of Dempster, east of Gibraltar, through the Gibraltar-Jacques Channel. It’s overcast and still as we start, with a shiny pleating on the silvery sea, and the tufts of island in dark cut-out. Jordy presents us with the first of several one-sentence puzzlers. We are invited to ask yes or no questions, to collect clues. “A man is found in a pool of blood in a telephone box. There are two holes in the window, on opposite sides.” “A man is found dead among 53 bicycles.” “A man lives on the seventeenth floor. When it is raining, he takes the elevator to his floor. When it is sunny, he takes the elevator to the twelfth floor and walks the rest.” … From the narrow rock platforms of Mullins and Onion, we then turn along the Imperial Eagle Channel-side of Wiebe, Dempster and Gibraltar, where the islands are exposed and the rocks were sea-gnawed into low cliffs, some ten or twenty feet high, with the trees on top gnarled by the prevailing wind. The cliffs are split by sea-clefts only a log-length’s wide, filled with whole logs and rubble driven deep into the cliffs, and piled high on a steep slope. There are several deep caves, dark foam-filled tunnels of indeterminate depth, and isolated pillars of standing stone. All the time the slow swells roll in from the canal and heave up against the base of the cliffs. We in our doubles keep well clear, but Matt in his single rocks up and on the frill of breaking wave against the base. Jordy and Matt have us hold to assess the surf where the rocks have been broken all the way to the waterline, and then we negotiate passage with Matt on one side and Jordy on the other. From Imperial Eagle Channel we hear the distant “houff!”, and see the fin rise and fall beyond the swell and the rocks – humpback. We stop paddling to gaze at the intermittent plumes rising against the dark and distant mainland, heads intermittently swiveling to take account of rocks ahead. Then round Gibraltar, stopping for a snack on Dempster Island, and into calmer waters under what is rapidly becoming open blue sky as the clouds break up into slabs. A sea-lion accompanies us, joined by another. A mat of bright fog fills Sechert Channel, low behind the sunlit islands. The sky overhead’s clear; the clouds grey/white heap over the green/navy mountains. We cross Island Harbor and paddle in to Keith for a late lunch.
The afternoon’s project is a mass drying out. Tents migrate from the deep woods to the beach. Mine is as light as folded paper, and it’s easy to prop it on my shoulder while I pick my way across the wet grass and rocks below my campsite to the sunny area, and perch it in the sun. Roxy and Bruce and I port their double from its forest base, through some narrow spaces; Margaret and Lynda decide on a change of scene and pitch theirs up on the beach on the other side of the tiny penninsula. Roxy rigs a drying-line between two uprights on the high point of the left of the beach. We prop thermarests, drape sleeping bags, fleeces, vests, PFDs, spray-skirts, over the logs and rocks in the sun I use the naked, spiky lower branches of the half-dead tree beside my tent to hang smaller items, socks, wet ziploc bags, and perch the contents of my toiletries bag along the branch to air. In my greenhorn fumblings of yesterday, far more got wet than should’ve. Fortunately I’m within leaping distance when the wind catches my tent and sends it bouncing across the rocky beach like an immense tumbleweed. I snag it before it tears on the rocks, or lofts out into the water bound for Jaques Island or points beyond. You need to put rocks in, remarks Matt, when I later refer to this near-misadventure. By then that’s done, chosen rocks nestled on the floor. Camp chores are interrupted by passing humpback whales swimming in a circuit that seems to take them both ways along the channels between Keith and Jaques and Keith and Mullins, and across in front of our beach. First a single, and then two, one swimming on the flank of another, and then a fourth. We crowd, with cameras, onto the south of Keith, staring at the close channel, and are startled when the whale sounds well to our left, already deep in the channel. There’s clear sky overhead, and wind-tilted heaps of cloud over the triangular slopes of the mainland, now sunlit green and cloud-shadowed dark blue. The islands, dark tufts this morning, are the now the deep green of evergreens in the sun. Gear spread to dry and warm, I seek a piece of shade of my own, since Roxy and Bruce have staked claim to the half-log beneath the white tarp and lie side by side on their thermarests, reading. I park myself under a patch of tree-shade by the blue canvas and read about the Broken Islands. The sea glitters. Nobody stirs. The occasional raven flies overhead, its wings scything the air. Margaret, seventy-something, appears in T-shirt and knickers and goes for a swim. Bruce follows her. I pass; I’m warm, and I’m dry. When the trees on the peninsula start to cast a shadow on the beach, then’s the time to gather up and repack the gear, carry the tents back to their places. This time, I pitch mine across the slope, in what seems to me to be the flattest spot, with the front entrance towards the sea. I stake the fly out separately, insurance in case the weather does not hold.
Wednesday September 5, 2007. Wake in the thin light of morning, almost rested, almost warm, despite the clammy feel of nylon and down. Very stiff across the shoulders and back. No messing around this morning; it’s painkiller with breakfast. From the water, something goes ‘houff!’, and I unzip the tent flap and peer out at the mist as the fin breaks the water thirty, forty yards offshore. The humpback whale circles – hunting? – then the whole body rises and rolls as the whale breaches, and the tail stands up in the water and disappears. I can’t say that the damp, stiffness and discomfort become negligible, but they now co-exist with deep appreciation. I go through what is already becoming the morning discipline of dressing and tent clearing, night-clothes into dry-bags, dry-bags under flaps, sleeping bag into stuff sac and stuff sac into garbage bag, stand therma-rest on its side to dry the obverse. Tent floor is once more slick, a glaze of wicked water under every resting item. The almost-dry socks I left outside on my branch-rack are limp and sodden. Clothes retrieved from dry-bag are almost dry. Lesson learned.
Gale force winds are possible this afternoon, so today’s route takes us west from Keith, through the Tiny Islands Group, west between Chalk, Walsh, Willis and Turtle, around the western shore of Willis, east between Willis and Dodd, Walsh, Chalk and Turtle, through the Tiny Group, east to Keith. Clearing is a bit more laggardly than yesterday, but by lunch, the sun finds us. Lunch is on another sharp white midden beach in a deep, temporary bay (the beach is underwater at high tide) on Willis Island, looking back towards Toquart Bay. We are overseen by a raven, with mutual comment, ours on the meaning of its feather-fluffing and wheezy croak. Coming back through the channel, between Willis and Dodd, we hear whale-huff and twist around to see two sharp upstanding fins framed in the mouth of the channel: orca, says Matt, and draws us promptly to one side. We wait, and drift, and see and hear nothing. Perhaps the group of white kayaks in the middle of the channel mouth diverted them. It’s a day for kayaks, kayaks to the rear, kayaks to the fore, kayaks to the right, kayaks to the left. Four or five groups, three visible in the panorama shot I take from my drifting kayak in the open water south of the Tiny Group, close to the center of the Broken Islands. Herring glitter in the sun, jumping to escape hunting salmon beneath.
Back on Keith beach, Matt draws symbols in the sand, and invites us to continue the pattern. Roxy takes one look, says, I see it, and wanders off leaving the rest of us headscratching. Stiff wind rises in the afternoon, strong and stronger, starting south west, shifting west, blowing straight into my tent: no need to bring it to the beach to dry, though I spread my sleeping bag on the rocks again: it’s down and nylon, with a perpetually slightly clammy feel. We’ve discussed a night paddle, but for that we need calm and utter sobriety. Sitting around the fire involves ducking gouts of smoke, dodging showers of sparks, and evading the snatching of the flame. Matt makes an executive decision: paddle called in favor of beer, and we sit and watch as the gray fog masses in the channel to the south-west and pour over the mainland west of us. Above the bank, fibrous cloud turns orange with sunset. I pick my way to the rocky outer side of the peninsula, joining Lynda; we brace our cameras on logs against the wind. Around the campfire, Matt continues with his visual conundra. We discuss which films are the ones to watch over and over again. An hour after sunset, the wind is gone, the sea calm, calm. I return to the beach to brush my teeth by torchlight, turn off the torch and stand staring up at the sky beyond the wall of sitkas, appreciating the plentitude of stars. I’ve spent my life in cities or suburbs; I rarely see them in full. Something with feathery little claws runs up the slope of my sandaled foot, to our mutual alarm. The deer mice are out.
Thursday September 6, 2007. At 5 am the channel marker over by the Stoppers winks across the darkness, but by 7 am the mist has closed in. Through our breakfast of banana pancakes it’s colder and closer-clinging, but by 10 am it’s lifting, and we embark on glossy water with a slight blurring of the wind in patches. It’s back into paddling shoes for me as the soles of my feet are raw from the scouring of midden-beach sand. From Keith we paddle west of Jaques, through the channel between Jaques and Jarvis, sometimes narrow enough to be bridged with a paddle, the water very still and inky with the reflections of the trees. The rocks are frilled with golden seaweed. Bare skeleton trees cradle dense mats of moss in the clefts between branches: woven utopia, Jordy calls them. He tells an aboriginal origin story for the islands: the scattering of a god’s blood. We exit north between Jaques and Jarvis. Between Denne and Nettle, then along the north side of Nettle at the South side of the Sechert Canal. Sechert Channel is slick and glassy. Lunch is in a harbour on Reeks Island. We return between Nettle and Reeks, weaving amongst the islands in the many-islanded channel, and across the open area between Nettle, Jaques and Gibraltar, and idle to take in the multiple whale-spouts out in Sechert channel, four or five whales at least, breaching, leaping, and fluking; I am convinced I see the classic shape of a whale heading the sky, skyhopping, it’s called, in the guidebook. Nearer to us, along the shore of Gibraltar, a lone whale cruises, repeatedly sounding, watched by a photographer who stands doubled over atop an islet in the middle of the open lagoon, his kayak propped up above the waterline. Through the channel, stopping to inspect purple and orange starfish heaped and knotted on the rocks; perched in a tree, we see rock pigeons. There’s rising wind in our faces as we paddle back, and the sun breaks full upon us as we land at Keith beach. Offload the boats, unpack the gear, drape out PFDs and spray-skirts on boats and rocks to dry; return to the tent, open it to the air, carry thermarest along the short path to the drying area, lay it out, carry sleeping bag to the drying line, drape it over, push dry-bags underneath the floor of the tent to let it air: the daily ritual of return to camp. Lounge in the fire-pit, using my umbrella as sun-shade and wind-break, trying to capture the previous 3 days in the notebook I brought with me with the intention of keeping a good log, including sketches, in complete disregard of the failure of all such previous efforts. Overhead, north to south, spreads a full mackerel sky, complete with spine.
Night paddle around Mullins Island. Load and launch our five kayaks (Kal and Margaret decline, with wine) with near-darkness overhead, and almost all colour gone from the wide-open western horizon except that last colourless glow of past sunset. Paddle out of the bay, around the point, into the channel between Keith and Mullins, already seeing puffs of cold vaguely greenish bioluminescence spreading around every paddle-stroke, and expanding dimly in our wakes: dinoflagellate bioluminescence, excited by the turbulence by a mechanism as yet unknown. A trailed hand develops its own bright wake, with an additional sparkle effect of single points of light – a different species? Larger? Brighter? Biofluorescence is believed to be a defense mechanism against predation: by lighting up when disturbed by a swimming predator (zooplankton), the dinoflagellates expose that predator to its own predators (copepods and others). When paddle and hands are held poised, bright blue-green points wink on briefly as they whisk by in the dark water beside the kayak: small bioluminescent fish. The next paddle-stroke scatters them in a slow, silent and tiny explosion of stars. The species of fish, and whether the bioluminescence is intrinsic or due, as some fishes’ bioluminescence is, to sequestered bacteria, is something I would like to find out.
Reflect upon the nature of human eyesight: pupils fully dilated, running on pure rod vision, paddling tentatively through an monochromatic world in which the other kayaks appear as dark smudges upon mid-channel water, and are folded into the black reflections of the islands. Distances are uncertain, immeasurable. As the bow-paddler, spotter, steerer, I hold us as much as possible to the mid-water. Periodically Matt’s “Woo hoo!” echoes back across the darkness as he finds a particularly rich constellation of sparks or bright patch of bioluminescence, but he’ll have moved on before we arrive, and the “Woo hoo!” will come again, from further away. We trail each other through the channel, turn right into the wider space behind Mullins, with Mullins hulking dark on our right and open water on our right, moving through windless night across dark silver water that is almost completely still. Grope our way around a humped rock barely darker than the water. Intermittently when we grow uncertain, those of us with headlamps cast out a beam, and the strong, colourless light pick out the fluorescent lines on our fellow paddlers’ jackets, bright wire-shapes hanging in darkness, outlining no recognizable human form. Navigating, trying to gauge distance, regrettably draws attention from the ghostly puffs and streaks in the water, but it needs to be done: from the right comes the scrape a kayak on a rock. Matt calls a warning. We mill in mid-channel, headlamp beams swinging, and eventually we all draw back, swing very wide, and go right and right again, continuing around the silent bulk of the island, falling back into the silence and darkness of the night until we see, in the distance, a monochrome smudge which warms to the orange glow of the campfire, tended by Kal and Margaret.
Tonight’s the night I work myself into a lather about wolves, which have been seen on the islands and den on the big island to the south east, Effingham. One, aged and ailing, did try to drag a kayaker from his tent, a tough soloist. In the ensuing fight, the wolf lost. Aside from the little critter that skittered up my foot in the dark, and the evidence of a shredded tissue left outside my tent, I haven’t seen any mammalian life aside from humans. I wonder if I’d wake in time to scream, and fall asleep consoling myself that anything wanting to eat me must get through the tent and sleeping bag first.
Friday September 7, 2007. I wake uneaten, to whale-less mist. It’s the first morning I don’t celebrate with Tylenol; the knot between my shoulder-blades is gone. Breakfast is sweet granola. Last packing, everything bundled and into the bags, despite its mysterious expansion. One sock seems to have gone AWOL, carried away, perhaps, by some little unseen island creature. Matt pounces on and strikes my tent before I’m back from the outhouse. The tide’s well out, our access to the water restricted to one kayak at a time, so we carry the kayaks one at a time down the channel and pass all the gear down after, and perching on the rocks, load.
We start with a sprint, racing for distant – well, 300 m away – Jordy, and then weave in and out of the narrow near channels of Jaques Island, the island knuckles we passed on the long slog in. It’s overcast, glass still and dark in the narrow channels. Bare trees angle across the water. No whale today, but dolphin, off to our left, as we cross the long stretch from the north of Jaques, past the Brabant Islands, to Hand. We encounter the maddening crowd on Hand Island, which is the northmost campsite, and busy. We pay a visit to that outhouse, which comes complete with bulletin board describing the Broken Islands and their hazards, adding cougars to wolves. On the beach we watch, with envy, a group loading the canoe serving them as a mothership, big round bag after big round bag. Watch, with interest, other kayakers loading their boats, including one with very small hatches, and a remarkable appetite for long narrow bags.
Lunch is bean salad, on Stopper, at the very beach we ate on the way in. By then I’m ravenous, and not nearly appreciative enough of the tour though the channels of Stopper. So it’s a very good bean salad, and I’m sure quite irreproducible on the mainland, without that seasoning of brine and sand.
Last leg, paddling into Toquart Bay. We pass the outgoing group and exchange paddles, giving them the yellow and orange ergonomics, taking back the straight-shafted white ones. We saw whales, we tell them, and wave them on. “Snake” says someone, and there’s a water-snake, winding its way island-wards on the surface of the water, its little wedge head tilted up to keep its snout clear. A group of buffleheads skims the water. Clouds break apart overhead and the light and shadow on the mountains casts deep green and deeper blue-grey. We pull in on the beach, clamber out, start off-loading, start carrying gear up to the van, waiting on the parking lot. Seagulls squabble on the midden to the left. There’s a dead fish on the beach, a gray eyeless head, ribs, spine and tail, abandoned even by the seagulls. In full haste we load, so it never occurs to me to get a picture of Toquart Bay in the sun. Visit the outhouse, moving up in the world: doors that close, toilet paper in situ. Climb into van. There’s road regrading going on on the logging road, though for the first part it seems more de- than re: different contractors, says our driver. But towards the summit, it is notably smoother. No bear. Drop Matt and his minimalist pack at the junction of the Tofino road, hug, wave good-bye. The bus gets quiet, and quieter, as we descend towards Port Alberni.


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Norwalk, CT. [April 14, 2020] A recent poll conducted by OperationsInc (www.OperationsInc.com), one of the nation’s largest human resources consulting firms, has confirmed what many have found to be anecdotally true – home-bound employees are drinking more.
Twenty-nine percent of those surveyed Friday by the HR consultancy indicated that their alcohol consumption has increased since social distancing measures and resulting quarantines were put in place.
“Perhaps the idea of regular Virtual Happy Hours is having an impact on these stats,” said OperationsInc CEO David Lewis. “Or, perhaps company organized Virtual Happy Hours are simply tapping into behaviors employees were already engaged in.”
Virtual happy hours using technology like Zoom and House Party have become increasingly popular ways for Americans to stay in touch, interact with others, and limit isolation felt due to social distancing.
Anxiety and stress tied to the public health crisis and resulting economic fallout may also have an impact on these numbers.
“If you have an Employee Assistance Program (EAP), now is the time to make sure your employees know how to take advantage of it,” Lewis added.
Forty-seven percent of those polled have had no change is their alcohol-related behavior, six percent have been drinking less, and seventeen percent of those surveyed are non-drinkers.
Polling numbers were collected online as part of OperationsInc’s ongoing free webinar series, “COVID-19: Your HR Questions Answered”. Data was collected from over 400 participants throughout the United States, more than 75 percent of whom reside the northeast corridor.
Companies can register to participate in this ongoing educational series by visiting https://operationsinc.com/webinars/covid-19-webinars/.
Founded by CEO David Lewis in 2001, OperationsInc specializes in HR solutions for businesses of all sizes and across all industries. OperationsInc has a portfolio of over 200 different HR related services, including Human Resources Outsourcing and Consulting, Managed Payroll Services, Payroll and HR Contingency and Continuity Planning, Reduction in Force Management and Administration, Interim and Emergency HR and Payroll Support, Outsourced Recruiting Services, HR Crisis Management Services, Online Training & Development Services, Employee Leave Management, Organizational Development Services, and Benefits Administration.
Director of Communications

domain: news


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If the intervention proceeds
When a patient, family, or substitute decision-maker has made up their mind, you may not be able to change it. Trying to convince them otherwise will only create a power struggle and undermine your relationship.
You may want to begin by requesting a consult with another health care professional. Look to your community guidelines for direction as to who this should be (e.g., a palliative care team member or on-call local resource, such as an EMS or ED physician). This consultation may continue while you are engaged in the intervention.
If the family insists on an intervention you don’t support, pause during the intervention if the patient responds poorly or their suffering becomes more evident. Continue to check in with the family that you are acting according to their wishes; and, if possible, continue to consult with another health care resource.
From what I’m observing (e.g. his breathing is more laboured, his colour has changed, he’s becoming more agitated), this intervention is making him feel worse.
Do you want me to stop? I would like to contact the physician on call now to see about getting new medical orders.
After the call
When patients or families challenge your best medical advice, you may feel that they don’t respect or trust you. Remember that they’re facing death in a very personal way. They’re grappling with strong feelings and overwhelming thoughts under very difficult circumstances, and their reactions most likely come from a place of fear and even desperation.
Try not to see any push back as a sign that you have failed. It may help to remember you’re both doing the best you can with what you know. In the end, patients and families hold the decision-making power and are ultimately responsible for the decision.
Even if your mind knows this to be true, you may find yourself struggling with uncomfortable feelings about the way the intervention went. Reach out to a trusted colleague or seek support from someone who can support you.

domain: medical


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In this stunningly assured, immersive and vividly atmospheric first novel, a young woman comes face-to-face with the volatile, haunted wilderness of the Scottish Highlands.
Polly Vaughan is trying to escape the ravaging guilt of a disturbing incident in London by heading north to the Scottish Highlands. As soon as she arrives, this spirited, funny, alert young woman goes looking for drink, drugs and sex – finding them all quickly, and unsatisfactorily, with the barman in the only pub. She also finds a fresh kind of fear, alone in this eerie, myth-drenched landscape. Increasingly prone to visions or visitations – floating white shapes in the waters of the loch or in the
Kerry Andrew is a fresh new voice in British fiction; one that comes from a deep understanding of the folk songs, mythologies and oral traditions of these islands. Her powerful metaphoric language gives Swansong a charged, hallucinatory quality that is unique, uncanny and deeply disquieting.
| 352 pages
25 Jan 2018
Random House Children's Publishers UK
Jonathan Cape Ltd
London, United Kingdom

domain: artistic


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“God’s Tricksters” at New York Pride.
St Francis Xavier church in New York ranks alongside the Church of the Most Holy Redeemer in San Francisco as one of the world’s best known parishes with an explicitly welcoming and inclusive ministry to gay and lesbian Catholics. New York’s annual Pride Parade is the oldest and best known. It is entirely appropriate that for the past dozen years, parishioners from St Francis have joined the parade, with a banner proudly proclaiming the name of the church. This year, they marched as before – but the banner was blank.
This year, as for the past 12 years or more, parishioners from St. Francis Xavier Roman Catholic Church have marched under their church banner in New York’s colorful Gay Pride parade.
But this year, there was a difference.
Their banner was blank, missing the name of the church. Read the rest of this entry »

domain: sociology


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Have you put 2 and 2 together yet? If you eat a protein bar, do you get a stomach ache?
The other day, my daughter-in-law figured this out the hard way. She has a very good diet and she works out regularly, but her stomach kept bothering her, and she was very puzzled …. until she figured out what was causing it.
“What am I doing wrong?” she wondered. After watching this fitness video, it became clear that the sugar alcohols were tearing her stomach up. She never dreamed that her healthy protein bar was loaded with at least 4 different forms of the isolated sugar alcohols.
So, hidden in your healthy food choices may be alternative sweeteners causing stomach cramping, diarrhea, gas, bloating, and other intestinal problems. And, this particular protein bar was not labeled sugar-free.
The Sugar Alcohols
In my book Splenda®: Is It Safe Or Not?, you can read all about the sugar alcohols. I call these sugars grey area sweeteners because they are supposedly natural, but are highly processed after they are removed from their natural sources. This makes them very potent; and hence, they can cause IBS and stomach problems.
The grey area sweeteners include:
- Fruit Juice Concentrates;
- Sugar alcohols;
- Hydrogenated Starch Hydrolysates (HSH).
The healthy protein bar that my daughter-in-law was eating contained all – ALL – of the above grey area sweeteners in just one little bar.
Get ready for stomach cramping.
Fructose becomes a simple sugar by refining corn syrup or extracting beet sugar from beets. Because it breaks down more slowly in the body than sucrose (table sugar), it has a somewhat lesser effect on blood-sugar levels, but it does not provide any nutritional benefits.
Also known as levulose and fruit sugar, fructose is the sweetest out of all the simple sugars.
Fruits naturally contain between 1% and 7% fructose, although some fruits have much higher amounts. Fructose makes up about 40% of the dry weight of honey.
Fructose is also available in crystalline form, but its sweetness rapidly declines when it’s dissolved in water. Some people react badly to fructose, so it is not a recommended option for those who monitor their sugar intake.
Or if you don’t want stomach aches.
In fact, I do not recommend fructose as an acceptable form of sugar for anyone despite its acceptance in many nutritional circles. The reasons for this are many:
- Nearly all simple sugars, including fructose, metabolize more rapidly than sugar, which disrupts insulin and blood sugar levels;
- Fructose contributes to most chronic illness;
- One of the primary ways that people ingest fructose is in the form of high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS), which is used to sweeten just about everything from soda to canned fruits to chewing gum. HFCS contains similar amounts of both fructose and glucose, and sucrose (table sugar) is a larger sugar molecule that is metabolized in the intestine into both glucose and fructose.
The digestive and absorptive processes for glucose and fructose are different. Unlike glucose, which the body uses for energy, fructose supplies a relatively unregulated source of fuel that the liver converts to fat and cholesterol.
Fructose converts to fat more than any other sugar. Think about that.
So, this is one type of sweetener that I do not recommend. Note: this does NOT apply as strictly to the fructose in whole fruits. Eating balanced amounts of natural fruits provides “unadulterated” fructose that’s found in manufactured forms of fructose. Caution is advised for people with diabetes or obesity, however.
Fruit Juice Concentrate (The only one I recommend.)
This sweetener undergoes little processing, so this is a better form of natural sweetener. Most people don’t think about sweetening with fruit concentrates; it can be used to sweeten more products than you’d think, such as cookies, candy, cereal, sodas, and protein bars.
Fruit juice concentrate is usually made from a concentrate of pineapple, pear, and peach or clarified grape juice. They can be used much more safely than artificial sweeteners when sweetening gelatin, unsweetened powdered drinks, and fruit smoothies.
Most fruit juice concentrates are frozen, so keep in the freezer until ready for use.
I am not a fan of sugar alcohols extracted from their natural sources. Sugar alcohols are actually made from sugar. They are called sugar alcohols because part of their structure chemically resembles sugar and part is similar to alcohol.
To complicate matters more, these sweeteners are neither sugars nor alcohols—they are best described as a sugar byproduct refined by nature, not by man.
Sugar alcohols fall into this “grey area” because they are actually carbohydrates (starches) more than they are sugars. They are typically used cup-for-cup in the same amount as refined sugar, but they each vary in sweetness, ranging from half as sweet to as sweet as sugar.
Sugar alcohols blend well with other sugars, so they are commonly added to products such as gums, candies and mints, toothpaste and mouthwash.
Please keep in mind, these “grey area” sugar alcohols can give people gastric distress, especially if used in excess.
Included in this group are:
- Hydrogenated Starch Hydrolysates
Sugar alcohols are used in a wide range of low-calorie, low-fat and sugar-free foods from baked goods to frozen dairy and desserts since they provide bulk without all the calories of sugar. Sugar alcohols do not commonly promote tooth decay, so are used in toothpastes, mouthwashes, breath mints and pharmaceuticals such as cough syrups, cough drops and throat lozenges.
Hydrogenated Starch Hydrolysates (HSH)
HSH is a mixture of sorbitol, maltitol and hydrogenated oligosaccharides. Depending on the type of HSH, the maltitol and sorbitol content can vary, and the sweetness of HSH swings from 25% to 50% of sucrose. HSH sweeteners are used in a wide variety of candies, gums, mints, and protein bars.
Also known as maltitol syrup and hydrogenated glucose syrup, HSH can be a strong cause of stomach problems.
Xylitol is one of the most popular sugar alcohols because it:
- does not require insulin to metabolize in the body;
- does not promote tooth decay, and helps prevent plaque and cavities;
- has the same sweetness, bulk and caloric value as sucrose (table sugar);
In the long term, you are better off using NOTHING – no added sugars. As with most sugar alcohols, people with hypoglycemia, Candida or diabetes may react negatively to Xylitol.
I have observed that children with ADHD react in the same fashion to Xylitol as they do to aspartame or high doses of refined sugar. Xylitol passes through the blood-brain barrier, and I have observed that after using Xylitol, hypersensitive children become more active shortly after use.
So, avoid gum with the sugar alcohols.
Protein Bars, Processed Foods, And, And, And …
Hidden in your healthy food choices may be alternative sweeteners causing stomach cramping, diarrhea, gas, bloating, and other intestinal problems.
Here are the sweeteners that were in my daughter-in-law’s healthy protein bar:
- Maltitol syrup [Hydrogenated Starch Hydrolysates (HSH)]
- Fructose (in the ingredient list twice)
The packaging was labeled with 2g sugar. But, it DID NOT say sugar-free. It’s not worth the pain.
Remember to read your labels!
You have our permission to reprint this article if you attribute us with a live back-link to this article and the youtube links. https://janethull.com/healthynews/
Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only, and is educational in nature. The FDA may not have evaluated some of the statements. This article is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. Please discuss with your own, qualified health care provider before adding supplements or making any changes to your dietary program.
Before taking vitamins, consult your doctor; pre-existing medical conditions or medications you are taking can affect how your body responds to multivitamins.

domain: chemistry


AWD dynos are rather complex pieces of workshop equipment, hence their price. They rely on various components working cohesively to provide the services they do in terms of engine optimisation.
Whether you’re interested in purchasing a dyno machine or having your vehicle tuned, this article by MAHA NZ will shed some light on the different components of an AWD dyno and their purposes.
Different dyo machines will have wheel bases of various sizes to accommodate different types of vehicles. Modern dynos will also have an electric push button for automatic wheel base adjustments. This feature allows the vehicle to be placed accurately on the rolls and experience just the right amount of traction.
A reliable driveshaft connection is what connects the front rolls to the rear rolls. The purpose of this component is all-wheel drive speed synchronisation, which is very important for the optimisation of any vehicle.
Modern AWD dynos are equipped with mounted differentials that are equipped with torque cells for measuring the torque that is produced at the axles. Any variances are compensated for, and torque is able to be measured in detailed accuracy.
Eddy Current Power Absorbers (Also known as Retarders)
Attached to the differentials are two eddy-current power absorbers. These power absorbers assist in increasing load capacity, roll speed and airflow.
The rollers of a dynamometer are probably its most recognisable feature. These rollers are textured, much like the texture of a road, to provide optimal traction. They are placed on the tires and are a very important factor in any sort of dyno testing and tuning.
Modern AWD dynos use the latest technology and software to make testing and tuning all the more convenient. Software should be easy to use, and your dyno should come with an LCD screen where all results will be shown.
Sensors make sure that nothing is overheating or out of order. Most dynos will come with a weather station including pressure sensors, temperature sensors, or lambda sensors. While not quite under the ‘sensor’ category, most dynos will also come with an emissions tester.
At MAHA Premium Workshop Equipment in NZ, we stock top-quality AWD dynos, as well as a range of other types of workshop equipment. Contact us today about securing your AWD dyno for your workshop.


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Women’s and Children’s Health Update: Chronic pelvic pain
In this episode:
– How chronic pelvic pain can impact on intimacy and relationships
– The importance of asking about sexual difficulties and relationship issues in a reproductive health consultation
– A multidisciplinary approach to the management of chronic pelvic pain
Host: Dr Terri Foran, Sexual Health Physician; Conjoint Senior Lecturer, School of Women’s and Children’s Health, UNSW
Total time: 21 mins
Guest: Rochelle Hamilton, Clinical Nurse Consultant and Clinical Sexologist
Log your own CPD by following these easy steps:
– Listen to 30 minutes of Healthed podcasts
– Click on the Quick Log logo and follow the link to the RACGP website
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– A 30 minute podcast earns 1 CPD point
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Looking to replace trigger that came with my lower. Test fired twice this weekend and am getting some double taps, definitely not acceptable. Checked the disconnector spring to make sure it was right side up, and checked the general finish of the disconnector itself. Looked like some imperfections in surfaces, don't know if that could be a problem.
I could send this thing back to the vendor, but trying to avoid the hassle, so I would like to try a replacement and see if that fixes problem. Any recommendations for a replacement? Trying to keep it basic milspec, or not very expensive upgrade.
stock GI type trigger?
to me it sounds like a dissconnector problem. it might be sticking in the trigger housing or it could just be "wrong".
i had one recently that did not have the hole for the dissconecter notched down far enough in the trigger , so i had to open it up enough to get the proper action with the hammer.
i would check the hammer-trigger and dissconnector fit/action to see what is going on there.
I've also had a disconnector that wasn't made correctly. In my case it was the pivot hole was slightly too high which limited how far the disconnector would move. I removed a bit of metal from the bottem side of the disconnector forward of the pivot hole until it would correctly grab the hammer. Turns out it was also soft, and the sear surfaces started to round off on it, so I just ended up replacing it altogether.
Protect your bolt stop so the hammer doesn't accidently strike it, and see how well the disconnector is holding the hammer while the trigger is held back.
Itappeared that a fair amount of material had been removed from the trigger surface that contacts the hammer, so I found a place locally that had the parts and they said to bring it in. They did a quick look, popped out the trigger, hammer, and disconnector, popped in replacements, test fired it, and handed it back to me in about 10 minutes. Problem solved.
most of us have spare fire control parts to swap around if there are issues. i think quality has dropped off the last few years as the AR has become more popular.
Got to the indoor range near my house this afternoon to wring out the AR. Only 30 yards, but much joy... Shoots clover leafs all day long, almost boring, but not quite LOL. Dug up a 1.25 x 4.5 30mm scope I picked up some years ago to put on it. It is a Barska, but so far it works great and hasn't crapped out...


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Mini Bio (1)
Rebekah Sindoris began her career in communications in her hometown at the NBC News Affiliate WRCTV. She moved to Los Angeles in 1997 and worked as an assistant to Academy Award winning Writer/Director Curtis Hanson. Then, Sindoris went on to crew on many films, working her way up the production ladder from PA to Producer. While Sindoris has a strong background in features, she also works in television, documentaries, commercials, and music videos. Most notably, she created, directed and produced the 13 episode documentary series, Beyond the Felt. She has also worked in literary management, development, and post-production.
- IMDb Mini Biography By: Anonymous


The suspect in a July 9 murder and the victim were both charged two years ago in connection to a fatal hit-and-run in North Carolina, police said.
On July 9, the Wake County Sheriff’s Office responded to a report of a shooting at a home, which is where they found Logan Carl Jones dead of a gunshot wound.
Witnesses said they heard two men arguing before the shooting took place. Christopher Alex Small fled the scene, but later returned and turned himself in, police said.
In August 2019, authorities said Jones and Small were in a vehicle that struck and killed a pedestrian and then left the scene.
- A Truck Driver Struck and Killed a Teen Boy Walking Down the Road. So His Father Fatally Shot the Truck Driver, Cops Say.
- Motorist Pulled Up Next To A Cop And Said His Passenger Was Fatally Shot: Report
- Escaped prisoner back in custody after allegedly killing man during suspected drug transaction, police say
According to the arrest report, Jones told police he thought he hit an animal, which is why he left the area.
However, he later saw paramedics, so he walked back and learned he hit a pedestrian, police said.
On that same evening, police said they had received calls about a drunk woman weaving through traffic and lying in the road in the area.
According to authorities, Jones, the driver, faced a felony charge of hit-and-run resulting in a death and Small, the passenger, was charged with fleeing an accident resulting in death.
The News & Observer reported both faced criminal charges, but the records show the charges are still pending.
Officials said Small was booked into Wake County Detention Center on the murder charge is being held at the facility.
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Rwanda is joining the child trafficking mafia: ‘Rwanda: Govt Lifts Ban on Foreign Adoption of Rwandan Kids’
Photo: New Times, Children at Muhura orphanage in Gatsibo District. Foreign nationals can resume adoption of Rwandan children.
By Diane Mushimiyimana
Foreigners or persons outside Rwandan can now adopt children in the country, seven years after the Ministry of Gender and Family Promotion suspended the so-called inter-country adoption of Rwandan children.
The suspension was lifted this month after government put in place mechanisms in line with The Hague Adoption Convention on the protection of children.
Rwanda ratified inter-country adoption mechanism in 2011, according to the Minister for Gender and Family Promotion, Esperance Nyiransafari.
The convention outlines advantages of a permanent home to a child when a suitable family has not been found in the child’s country of origin.
“In 2010, the ministry suspended temporarily receiving new applications for adoption of children in the country by foreigners outside the country pending clear structures and mechanisms required under The Hague Convention. Considering that Rwanda’s institutional and legal frameworks have been updated in conformity with the standards of inter-country adoption, the doors are reopened to inter-country adoption,” Nyirasafari told The New Times.
According to the ministry, among the procedures they were required to fulfill include the establishment of the National Children Commission, commitment through different laws, including the law relating to the rights and the protection of the child, law governing persons and family, and the ministerial order determining conditions for inter-country adoption.
Minister Nyirasafari said a child can be adopted abroad only after failing to find any Rwandan willing to take up that child through the existing Tumurere Mu Muryango programme.
“Opening doors to international adopters doesn’t mean that we are done with the local adoption programme of Tumurere Mu Muryango. We still support the fact that children can be taken good care of locally by fellow Rwandans. The Government is thankful for Rwandan families that have adopted children,” she said.
Ministry figures indicate that from 2012-2016, out of 3,223 children who lived in orphanages, 2,909 were adopted through the Tumurere Mu Muryango programme.
Nyirasafari said the system and procedures are well structured to check fraudsters.
“The inter-country adoption process was designed to prevent abduction, sale, or trafficking in children, and it works to ensure that inter-country adoptions are in the best interests of children. In this interest, close collaboration with our embassies and children councils of the country where the child is adopted is optimal,” she said.


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GABAB receptors in the ventral tegmental area regulate morphine-induced motor sensitization and accumbal fos expression in C57BL/6 mice
Mesolimbic dopamine (A10) neurons have a central role in mediating opiate-induced motor sensitization and are implicated in drug addiction. This dissertation examines the hypotheses that GABAB receptors are located in the ventral tegmental area (VTA), that morphine sensitization occurs via A10 neuronal activation, and that GABAB receptor activation in the VTA inhibits the development and expression of morphine-induced sensitization. Dopaminergic neurons projecting from the VTA to the nucleus accumbens (NAc) of the forebrain are involved in mediating behavioral sensitization to morphine. GABA B receptor activation in the VTA leads to inhibition of dopaminergic transmission and inhibition of opiate actions. Sensitization is a progressive enhancement in the motor stimulant effect, elicited by repeated, intermittent morphine and subsequent drug challenge. Immunoblotting was performed, and GABAB receptor subtypes R1a, R1b, and R2 were found in the ventral mesencephalon. Mice with indwelling cannulae received repeated morphine (10mg/kg, s.c.) treatment on days 1, 3, and 5, followed by a challenge dose of morphine on day 9. Some of these animals received intra-VTA vehicle or baclofen pretreatment on days 1, 3, and 5 (development group) while others received intra-VTA baclofen only on day 9 (expression group). Following treatment, automated activity monitoring was used to measure ambulatory activity. The results show that mice receiving morphine plus vehicle are sensitized to the motor stimulant effects of morphine, as exhibited by a two-fold increase in ambulatory counts on day 9 versus day l. Intra-VTA injection baclofen treatment produced a significant inhibition of both the development and expression of morphine-induced motor sensitization. Immunohistochemistry was performed, and baclofen treatment significantly blocked morphine-induced increases in Fos immunoreactivity in the shell but not in the core of the NAc. These data suggest that functional GABAB receptors in the VTA inhibit the development and expression of opiate sensitization, perhaps via A10 neurons. Long-lasting neuroadaptive changes leading to sensitization in dopaminergic neural circuits underlie certain aspects of drug addiction such as craving and compulsive drug use. Activation of GABAB receptors could be a potential therapeutic target and a useful treatment of opiate addiction as shown by the inhibitory effects of baclofen in opiate sensitization. ^
Biology, Neuroscience|Health Sciences, Pharmacology
Kimberly Anne Leite-Morris,
"GABAB receptors in the ventral tegmental area regulate morphine-induced motor sensitization and accumbal fos expression in C57BL/6 mice"
Dissertations and Master's Theses (Campus Access).

domain: literature


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Matt, one of our remote traders, asked me to write a short article. Suggestion: add a click stop and a click target and activate TradeGuard AutoOrder to automate the placing of the target and the stop after you open a position. Vwap, making this an important level to watch. The Algo would participate more aggressively when the price is in our favour. If price is above, vWAP, am I going to buy? Vwap, I may start to buy a little if the stock really sells off under. The Volume Weighted Average Price (. Vwap for day trading but the package also contains weekly, monthly, quarterly, yearly bitcoin captcha legit and rolling vwaps. Vwap (which I have heard more often pronounced to rhyme with pop rather than tap btw) is the Volume Weighted Average Price. Assume the follow data points are prices and volumes (assume in the hundreds to be realistic) taken for a stock every one minute: Price, volume.00.10.25.80 169.25 240, the average price. The work involves lot of programming work.
How to Calculate twap and use it for Trading?
The vwap cannot be used immediately when the market opens as it is calculated on the basis of order volume. Now how to use vwap. Types of, trading, algorithms used by Institutions. I am confused - any suggestions/advice? This was not intended to be an exhaustive article, but I hope it gives you some ideas and guidelines that you can incorporate in your own trading. Instruments : Futures, CFD, forex and stocks.
Parity, bitcoin is now supporting SegWit, SegWit2x and
This is the weekly vwap. Vwap can be calculated over any period, but the only one I pay any attention to is the standard whole day. Trading type : Day trading and swing trading, trading tempo : 1-3 Signals per day when day trading, using NanoTrader : Manual, download a free real-time demo of the NanoTrader Full. The purple chart background indicates 1 hour so when it finishes the vwap is (nearly) ready for use. Suitable for : Market indices, forex, stocks, commodities. Once the position is opened, the stop and target are placed automatically. The, vWAP can only be calculated for markets such as the futures markets which publish their order volume.
Vwap and to a band a certain percentage around. Steps - this is more of a price driven Algo. Note: the most efficient way to place the stop and target orders is to insert a click stop and a click target via the Designer dialog and activate the TraderGuard. But look at the chart of amzn above and note that there was selling at vwap each time price touched and then finally those sellers lost the battle and the character of the stock was completely different. Vwap of the instrument over a period of time. In short, the prices at which the most volume was executed weigh more heavily -read are more important- in the average price calculation. The first, second prop trading strategies vwap twap and third standard deviations (SD) of the, vWAP are used to create the bands. Using THE vwap Traders focus on three aspects of the vwap in the following way: Yesterdays vwap lines can always be considered support or resistance. The two second SD of todays vwap are resistance and support levels.
This Algo aims to match the. Something to keep in mind I know a lot of people like to do things like consider vwap over X day windows, with the idea that the relationship of price to vwap shows you how far out. I also passed CFA prop trading strategies vwap twap level. Vwap is lower than the simple average in this case, more volume was done at the lower prices, pulling. This article focuses on using the. After some hesitation around the vwap level, the market has gone down. Vwap the calculations are even simpler. First of all, what is, vWAP? Vwap, i might be willing to buy my whole order. However, if you understand this, you have the essential information.
1 - Book my forex mumbai office
And remember the same is true for sell orders as well.) One more teeny tiny nugget to keep in mind is that a lot of equity execution algos are also pegged. Vwap stands for Volume Weighted Average Price. (To be fair, a lot of executions are benchmarked to the. There are a lot of ways you could have used this information, but if you were prop trading strategies vwap twap short and pressing shorts, the momentum through vwap should have warned you that you were fighting on the side of the losing army. This is the rolling vwap.
He placed a stop at 4118,50. Practical implementation IN nanotrader Open a chart and select the vwap or twap you want to insert via Template studies WHS Store WHS. Vwap lower than the simple average. Vwap can be calculated over different horizons. At the same time, I am immensely interested in trading. The target was reached and the short position closed with a profit.
This example is the final phase of the same trade. Well, technically Im on vacation, but Ive been on hold with Continental Airlines for the past two hours trying to reschedule my flight back to the city and I just beat my airport video game for the. The profit target was reached and the position sold with a profit. Anyway isnt it also reasonable to assume that traders are in the money from the same point as well? Determining if it is a bullish or a bearish day can be done, for example, by using the Weekly vwap. I am doing this since 1 year. Below are the vwaps in higher time frames. Take a minute also to make sure you understand why the.
ShutterStock, complaints Full Time
This is the yearly vwap. I have just never really been able to extract useful information from that line of thinking. The market is below yesterdays vwap levels and on the Weekly vwap (not visible here) the market price is below the vwap. He placed a stop at 2154. I do trade on a daily basis on my personal account. If Im one of these traders with a big order to fill, I will be penalized if I buy a lot above. THE, vWAP, iN detail, the, vWAP is an anchored moving average. If a stock is chopping back and forth on both sides of vwap, obviously vwap is not really significant so I can safely ignore.
Page 4 forex
On this 10-minute chart the candle just closed below todays vwap and the trader opened a short position at 2151,50. This example is the third and final phase of the trade on the SP500 shown above. This is the average price of a security over prop trading strategies vwap twap a particular time. What are the opportunities in the Algo trading space that are interesting and fit the bill? Vwap as there is no volume involved in the calculation. In this post we will understand how to calculate. Twap and use it for trading. We will also explore, tWAP, aFL and Excel sheet. I am quite familiar with. Vwap and other similar strategies, such as order book, vWAP, value vwap, etc, etc. These methods are used primarily as benchmarks nowadays for program trading, since it is fairly easy to beat these benchmarks. Sell side firms are now using these easy benchmarks to hawk their best-ex algorithms. Vwap and, tWAP, a basis for trading strategies.
So, you wait for the spike candlestick and then the next candlestick to close. Eastridge Housing Scheme, Rawalpindi, today, rs monthlyWebsite developer. The transaction fees are low and are applied only if other persons wallet is outside LocalBitcoins. Whereas Matthew J Martin of Blossom Finance, a Fintech startup based in Indonesia said: As a payment network, Bitcoin is halal. Students may also receive education on the spreadsheet or excel programs, and computer OS whether its Linux or windows you will get software which is necessary. Important Note: You can now receive supply and demand zones for all 4 major currencies sent to your inbox each day by signing up, just use the form found below the summary of this article.
But there are many coin spectators out there with a similar vulnerability and, as more novices join, this vulnerability will only become more of a problem. To learn more, check out the Technical Analysis course on the. Work, from, home, job Vacancies In, pune, for Freshers And Experienced With Eligibility, Salary, Experience, And Companies. How to find Trusts And Genuine Online And Offline Data Entry Work?Now this question may be on your mind how prop trading strategies vwap twap to find genuine and legitimate online or offline data entry jobs which are required no investment and also with payment surety. Not disclosed Posted by Yamini Naidu, 2 days ago uncap research labs PVT LTD 2-5 yrs Pune Regression Testing, Manual Testing, Test Cases, Appium, Security Testing. Many traders will have their own hypothesis in place and force that hypotheses on the market.
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Here in this post, We are offering scam-free offline data entry work from home without any investment. So basically what you see on your charts is the supply and demand imbalance that is created by trader's sense of prop trading strategies vwap twap urgency to do a transaction. Then here in this column, you will find and can apply for offline data entry work and offline data entry jobs from home without registration fees along with payment proofs. When aggregation is set to cumulative, it can replicate my ADL indicator as well. So those files are not visible to companies. Work, from, home, company, not mentioned, experience 0 - 1 yrs, data Entry /Back Office, pune - Aambethan, Agarkar Nagar, Akurdi, Alandi 1 more. ( 3 votes, average:.33 out of 5) Loading. This is the easiest and safest Forex Spike Trading method. Please leave a comment below if you have any questions about. We encourage you to use our Trading Journal for your record-keeping, which is the best thing you can do for your growth as a trader.
GBP/JPY trading strategy
And work with both buy side and sell side clients. You must be aware of the risks of investing in forex, futures, and options and be willing to accept them in order to trade in these markets. Well, Bitcoin has given a completely new dimension to the concept of currency. The paper was titled as Bitcoin: Peer to Peer Electronic Cash System. Not disclosed Posted by Chetan Pawar, 2 days ago Xrbia Developers Ltd. Tips On How to trade this indicator. Bitcoin can open the path for Pakistan to bypass dollar-only trade barriers. A file is maintained which is termed as the blockchain. The twap is an anchored SMA with an increasing length, the vwap is an anchored vwma with an increasing length. If a stock is chopping back and forth on both sides of vwap, obviously vwap is not really significant prop trading strategies vwap twap so I can safely ignore.
So far we have covered trading strategies and how the prop trading strategies vwap twap vwap can provide trade setups. With the SBP circular out there and FBR tracing people who are involved in the trading of bitcoins, the things are quite awkward. In, pune - Check Out Latest Part Time Data Entry. Below are four ways to buy bitcoin in Pakistan. They also maintain records of worksheets and correct data entry errors. I did, it got RTed a bunch, and to my incredible naiveté, I had no idea I was essentially attaching a Rob me too sign to my back. Work, at, home Jobs.
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The issue was only rendered to debates and articles where people presented the pros and cons of using bitcoins in Pakistan. How To Add The Supply And Demand Indicator To MT4. This group has vastly different security needs and expectations than the original 400,000 who joined Coinbase in 2012. Posted by Ritesh, 2 days ago Bright Career HR Point 0-1 yrs Mumbai, Pune, Navi Mumbai MS Office, Data Entry, Computer Operating, Back Office, mis preparation. The author himself was the first one to mine first bitcoins in January 2009. Scholars who participated in the conference mutually ended on the point that there was no final verdict over the issued raised. Now, let s discuss a case study to highlight how price interacts with the vwap to help formulate a trading strategy. Ask for their minimum accuracy for getting paid and also ask for a refund method also Who can apply for offline data entry work :- If you are following cities in India then you are eligible for offline data. Were in a period of hypergrowth, and its superexciting and. Enter the address of the other persons wallet where you want to send. We will not accept liability for any loss or damage, including without limitation to, any loss of profit, which may arise directly or indirectly from the use of or reliance on such information. Continue reading by, dave, the efficiency of the price movement in the market is the real standard of whether the Adaptive Moving Average AMA will react quickly or slowly to a trading signal.

domain: finance


text:
SOUTH BEND, Ind. (WBKO) --- Wander Franco swatted two hits and Shane McClanahan allowed just three hits over 5.0 innings of two-run ball, but a ninth-inning rally by the Bowling Green Hot Rods fell short once again as they fell 2-1 to the South Bend Cubs on Wednesday night. The Hot Rods will seek to avoid the sweep on Thursday night as they finish the series with a 6:05 p.m. CDT first pitch.
South Bend took the lead in the second inning against McClanahan. The southpaw set down the first two hitters of the inning, but Brennen Davis singled and Chris Morel followed that with a double to the wall in left-center, bringing home Davis for the first run of the game. The Cubs added to that lead an inning later as Gustavo Polanco led off the third with a solo home run to right, giving South Bend a 2-0 lead.
Offensively, Bowling Green struggled to get much going against Cubs starter Faustino Carrera. Carrera set down 14-straight Hot Rods over the first five innings. Roberto Alvarez led off the sixth with a single and advanced to second on a wild pitch, but he advanced no further as Carrera kept Bowling Green off the scoreboard.
The Hot Rods also collected a leadoff single from Wander Franco in the seventh off reliever Jose Albertos, but he was caught stealing. Albertos settled down and set down the next seven hitters. However, with two outs in the ninth, he hit Michael Smith. Eugenio Palma came out of the bullpen and allowed an RBI single to Franco to cut the lead to 2-1, but Palma struck out Chris Betts to end the game, sending Bowling Green to a second-straight loss.
McClanahan (4-4) went 5.0 innings, allowing two runs on three hits while walking one and striking out six, taking the loss. Miller Hogan worked 3.0 scoreless innings in relief, allowing one hits while striking out two.


text:
January 6, 2009
Pothole Map No Longer All That Useful
The NYT has a fascinating piece (h/t Overlawyered) on a phenomenon I'd never heard about -- maps purporting to detail thousands of sidewalk defects throughout New York City, used in lawsuits to show that the city had notice of dangerous situations. Walter Olson wrote about it back in '93. The New York Court of Appeals ruled last month [PDF] that, in two cases, the maps did not identify the defect with sufficient specificity to put the city on notice of the danger.
Update: You can see more about the case at The New York Medical Malpractice Blog.
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domain: geography


text:
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Best way to play black jack VideoHow to win at blackjack (21) with gambling expert Michael "Wizard of Odds" Shackleford You'll also want to make sure you understand any special 1001 spiele action rules. Usually these are mutually exclusive terms. Split twos, threes, sixes and sevens and nines not if the dealer has 7 or higher. Put only a quarter of that amount on the table at any time. This is the basis of card counting which will not be discussed . A 6- or 8- deck game is slightly more disadvantageous to a player 10ths of a percent but there's more potential for a player to be cheated in a handheld single-deck game although this rarely happens at reputable casinos. This requirement in most cases is set at 20 to 40 times the bonus plus the deposit amount. Playing blackjack is fun, just try not to ruin it by keeping yourself from playing at your best. Check out the best betting strategies to become a true blackjack whiz and win every time! While not complex, it will still take some time and quite a bit of practice to learn and apply consistently. Blackjack, however, is one of the only casino games where you as a player have a fair shot against the house. For example, always hit sometimes double-down when your hand is below 11 obviously, as you cannot bust and always stand on 17 and above unless its a soft hand. I plan on covering some of the differences between the two versions of this popular casino game and in doing so, helping you, the player, decide which game suits you best. DOUBLING DOWN, SPLITTING PAIRS AND INSURANCE There are three special bets you can make after the first two cards are dealt. As you grow more capable, bring in a friend, roommate, or partner. The hole card is considered somewhat important, although mainly to superstitious players if there are multiple people in the hand. And that process is not even that hard — the trick is to pick a reputable, well-known casino that features a lot of blackjack games and generous bonuses that you can use on them.
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domain: entertainment


text:
SAN DIEGO — TLC and JoJo will headline San Diego Pride next month, and the festival will feature more than 100 performers across four entertainment stages.
“We are so looking forward to performing at San Diego Pride,” Tionne “T-Boz” Watkins said in a Facebook post on TLC’s official page. “There is so much power in expressing yourself without fear. We hope all LGBTQ people will stand proud and be exactly who they are. Persist with Pride!”
The two-day San Diego Pride Festival will take place July 14 from noon to 10 p.m. and July 15 from 11 a.m. to 9 p.m. at Marston Point in Balboa Park.
TLC, who will headline July 15, were early supporters of the LGBTQ community who gave a voice and financial support to people living with HIV and AIDS.
The Grammy-winning group has had nine of their songs reach the top 10 on the Billboard Hot 100, with “Creep,” “Waterfalls,” “No Scrubs,” and “Unpretty” all reaching the coveted No. 1 spot.
Organizers estimate about 40,000 people will attend both days of Pride.
PRIDE PARADE, FESTIVAL TICKETS
The San Diego Pride will take place July 14. The 1.5 mile route will begin at 11 a.m. at the Hillcrest Pride Flag, the intersection of University Avenue and Normal Street, proceed west on University Avenue, turn south on Sixth Avenue, turns left onto Balboa Drive and end at Quince Drive.
Advance, online general admission tickets for the festival are $20 for a single-day, $25 for a weekend pass, excluding online service fees. Tickets will be $30 at the gate. Volunteers, teenagers, and children will be admitted free.
JOJO TO HEADLINE FESTIVAL
JoJo, who has used her platform to highlight suicide prevention resources like the Trevor Project and Trans Lifeline, will headline July 14.
“It is my honor to stand in solidarity with Pride as we make strides towards true equality, protection, and inclusion,” JoJo said in a statement. “I adore seeing so many various expressions of individuality at Pride while all unified in love.”
Here are other music acts who will perform at the festival:
- LE1F is a queer black rapper and producer who has worked to directly confront the homophobia that exists within the genre.
- Kim Petras is a transgender artist who discuss the importance of supporting transgender youth.
- Paris Sukomi Max is a local artist who inspires the queer community to live life authentically open as a form of protest.
- Graciela Beltran is a Mexican singer who has championed anti-bullying efforts to LGBTQ youth.
“I hope everyone will take the time to learn more about the bold and brilliant LGBTQ artists who will be attending Pride, and join us in enjoying their music at the Festival this July,” Fernando Lopez, executive director of San Diego Pride said in a statement. “For many of us, Pride is the one time a year that we have to love and dance in the daylight, and I am so proud of our team for working diligently to ensure that the diversity on our stages reflects back to us all the diversity in our community.”


text:
With the Stan and Ollie movie getting a lot of acclaim, it makes sense that interest in the comedy duo would be on the rise. American Mythology Productions has just announced a new Laurel and Hardy comic coming our way in April.
There are few names in the history of comedy which have stood the test of time. Acts who transcend age and bring laughter to generations like few have before or after them. They have been recognized as a template for modern humor and celebrated by today’s most popular funnymen and women alike. Stan Laurel and Oliver Hardy were the pinnacle of comedic genius for their time.
American Mythology Productions has tapped S. A. Check, and Jordan Gershowitz to write the series with Jorge Pacheco to provide the art.
“Sometimes you just get lucky,” said book artist Pacheco in a press release. “My step father brought a comic book home for me. It was a monster book with art by Jack Kirby & Steve Ditko. How was I supposed to know, my first exposure to comics was drawn by probably the two greatest comic book artists ever? Then, one day, I was channel surfing on TV when I came across this “chubby guy & his goofy friend”. I watched it and was immediately hooked. Little did I know, I was watching the greatest comedic duo ever, Laurel & Hardy. Again, I got lucky. So, throughout childhood, I read comics, watched monster shows & the great Laurel & Hardy movies on a mini movie projector my mother had bought me until the films were nothing but tatters. Recently, my good friends at American Mythology asked if I’d like to be an artist on a new project for the publisher. I was excited & asked what book? He said Laurel & Hardy. Sometimes, luck is a wonderful thing. I hope you all enjoy the comedic duo’s antics half as much as I’ve enjoyed bringing L&H to life in these comic pages!”
“It’s a rare occasion for a writer to contribute in celebrating two comedic geniuses like Stan Laurel and Oliver Hardy,” said writer S.A. Check. “When I learned American Mythology had a shot at working with Larry Harmon Pictures to bring the comedy of these two larger than life icons back to fans, I was the first in line to have a shot at working on the book. One of my favorite parts of the process has been delving back into the skits and movies and numerous articles written about the comedians, and remembering why so many fans continue to hold their work in such high regard. I’m very proud of my work on the project, and I only hope I managed to bring a fraction of the magic they shared on the stage and screen back to fans.”


text:
A long-time St. John’s Fire and Rescue Department chief will bid farewell to the department he’s been with for 14 years.
The department announced the departure of Chief Karl Ristow on Wednesday. The 32-year firefighting veteran will be moving to Baltimore, Maryland to support his wife who got a job there, he said.
Ristow is a retired U.S. Air Force firefighter who spent 15 years in the military before working in the fire service in South Carolina.
Battalion Chief Jimmy Ghi credited Ristow with modernizing the department, improving their responses, and achieving an automatic aid system with neighboring departments.
“Chief Ristow has also taken a proactive position on fire prevention and public fire education,” Ghi said.
Ristow will be working with the St John’s Fire District Commission in finding his replacement. The commission is expected to conduct a nationwide search and find a new chief in the next 60 to 120 days.
“We’re trying to find someone who’s going to continue the direction of what we’ve been doing here in the region,” Ristow said.
He’d like the new chief to keep the momentum going with the consolidation of dispatch and automatic aid relationships.


text:
Slow Cooker Bread Recipe© Copyright 2018. All rights reserved and enforced
This is in the "believe it or not" category, folks, but it works.
Estimated Prep Time: 10 minutes
Estimated Cooking Time: 2 hours 30 minutes
Add all remaining ingredients, holding back on half of the flour, and beat with electric mixer for two minutes.
Stir in the remaining flour until the mixture leaves the side of the bowl.
Grease the crock pot. Place the dough in it and cover. Bake on HIGH seating for 2 to 3 hours, or the edges are browned. Remove pot from crockpot, uncover and let stand for 5 minutes. Then, tip the bread out of the pot, and let stand on a wire rack.
Recipe notesYou may need up an extra 1/2 cup (2 1/2 oz / 70g) of flour.
Please share this recipe with your friends. They may love it.

domain: food


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text:
Report from the Weyburn Police Service for the period of February 14 to 20:
*On February 19, police attended an accident on First Avenue NW. The driver of an eastbound vehicle was fatigued and crossed into the opposing lane of traffic. Once aware of this, the driver braked and the vehicle slid, travelling over a snow bank and into a fence. A charge of driving without due care and attention was laid.
*On February 18, due to ruts and icy roads, the driver of a north bound vehicle on Ninth Street lost control and hit a parked vehicle. No injuries were reported.
*An eastbound vehicle on Highway 39 hit a patch of ice, lost control, and hit a road sign. No injuries were reported.
*On February 17, police were called to investigate a complaint of mischief to a vehicle that had been keyed; investigation into the incident is ongoing.
*A vehicle, which was travelling west on Prairie Avenue, was hit broad side when a second vehicle failed to stop at the stop sign. There were no injuries however, one driver was charged with disobeying a stop sign.
*Police were called to remove an intoxicated male from City Centre Mall. The male was arrested and lodged in cells until sober.
*On February 16, police attended a complaint about a youth smashing things in his home. The parties involved were spoken to and the issues were resolved.
*A number of 911 calls and disconnects were received from a residence in Weyburn. Police attended the residence and found that a three-year-old was making the calls. Residents are reminded that the 911 telephone system is for emergencies only.
*On February 14, members of the Police Service were called to direct traffic at the intersections of Third Street and Government Road on Highway 39. A vehicle pulling a trailer had caught the guide wire of a power pole. The pole snapped, resulting in the failure of the traffic lights.
*Seven commercial and one residential alarm calls were received by police this past week. There were 83 calls for service during this reporting period.

domain: law


text:
IUC Exclusive: Angie collapses. Don’t believe the spin. Is Crystal Meth the cuplrit?
When Britain’s Now Magazine reported in this week’s issue that
Angelina Jolie collapsed on the set of her new film, Salt, three
weeks ago, Team Brangie were quick to blame the stress of her new
liquid diet, which has caused her to lose an alarming amount of
weight in recent weeks.
Liquid diet? A few years ago, when I was undercover for a book, I
drove through the Hollywood Hills with a well known L.A. drug dealer
as he made deliveries to his clients, including a couple of B-list
celebrities and a slew of film execs. As I drove with him, he
cautioned me never to believe whatever spin comes out following a
celebrity “collapse” or “health crisis.”
“You didn’t actually believe that Mary Kate Olsen was anorexic, did
you?” he asked me. “She was on meth. That’s the new diet drug around
here. If a celeb loses weight very fast, she either has cancer or is
doing meth. Take my word for it.” He then proceeded to list a slew of
other celebs on meth, including “every one of Rachel Zoe’s clients”
and a bunch of others. One name he happened to mention was hardly a
surprise because she was already a self-confessed junkie: Angelina
Jolie. I didn’t think much about it at the time. Meth seemed to be a
step up from her former drug of choice, heroin.
For curiosity sake, after the Now story appeared, I went back and
examined the stories surrounding Mary Kate Olsen’s last foray into
rehab, which her reps insisted was for an “eating disorder” but which
numerous media reported was actually drug-related.
Sure enough, it all began after she “collapsed” outside an L.A.
nightclub, complaining about the exact same symptoms Angelina was
reported to suffer on the Salt set, not to mention the time Angie
reportedly collapsed on a transatlantic airplane flight in February,
My Team Brangie sources have insisted to me for weeks that Angie is
back on drugs and estranged from Brad. The only mystery is whether
Brad has distanced himself from his skeletal babymomma because of her
relapses and resulting psychotic behavior or whether she has started
doing drugs again because Brad has signalled the end of their
relationship. My sources are contradictory, though they all agree
that Brad did not shag the nanny as some media have reported as the
source of their recent troubles.

domain: celebrity


text:
A leading Chinese finance official has flagged the possibility of converting some “hidden” local government debt into “lawful” or “statutory” debt, following heightened efforts by the authorities to stymie risk in this area since the start of 2021.
Zhao Quanhou (赵全厚), chair of the Financial Research Centre of the Chinese Academy of Fiscal Sciences (CAFS), recently published a paper entitled “A Re-exploration of Methods for Dissolving Hidden Debt” (化解隐性债务方式方法的再探讨) in the journal “Local Financial Research” (地方财政研究).
The paper proposes that the Chinese government “appropriately allow some hidden debt to be converted into statutory debt, [thus] reducing liquidity risk,” as well as called for “exploring the appropriate extension of the timeframe for the dissolution of hidden debt of local government.”
In addition to his position at (CAFS), Zhao is also a member of the Fiscal Risk Research Expert Work Office (财政风险研究专家工作室) recently established by MOF.
Since 2017 MOF has stepped up efforts to regulate and dispose of hidden local government debt, starting with measures to contain its growth. Since 2018 a number of local governments in China have unveiled plans to fully dispose of hidden debt, setting timeframes of between five years to a decade for completion.
MOF has pointed out however that some local governments have continued to “raise debt illegally and in breach of regulations.” Since the start of 2021 MOF has repeatedly stressed the need to contain growth in hidden debt, as well as reiterated its position that “local governments are prohibited from increasing hidden debt in any form.”
Zhao calls for “correctly viewing the relationship that ‘one wanes as the other waxes’ that prevails between the statutory debt and the hidden debt of local governments.”
“While grasping overall debt risk, [we must] appropriately expand the vigour of statutory debt issuance in order to satisfy the reasonable debt financing needs of local government.
“When appropriate, [we] may appropriately expand policies for local governments to engage in conversion issuance of bonds, and use the method of increasing the leverage of statutory debt to make hidden debt apparent in a compliant manner, in order to ease financial risk in relation to hidden debt.”
Zhao also highlighted the importance of the cash flow state of hidden-debt finance projects, and the need for giving “comprehensive consideration” to the lifecycles of such projects.
“The full lifecycle of a significant number of hidden debt projects continues for ten years or longer, and for this reason it is best if we can match full lifecycles to cash flows when dissolving hidden debt.”
Zhao said that once growth in hidden debt and illegal financing are contained, outstanding hidden debt can then be dissolved by means of “systemic optimisation arrangements” that are based on the cash flows of projects and the interest and term structures of hidden debt. Some hidden debt can then be made subject to appropriate delays in repayment.
“Hidden local government debt is the product of many years of accumulation, and dissolving debt will also require time, otherwise it will be easy to worsen short-term liquidity risk in relation to hidden debt, as well as trigger other related risk.
“For this reason the dissolution of debt risk requires activeness and steadiness, proper control of pacing and effective control of flows.”
In recent years MOF has launched trials for the dissolution of hidden debt, allowing some local governments with developed hidden debt plans to issue bonds to swap out their hidden debt and extend repayment times, as well as reduce financing costs.
At the end of last year the finance department of Lucheng in the Zhejiang province city of Wenzhou announced that it was participating in one such trial, obtaining approval for 3.5 billion yuan in re-financing bonds.
Since the start of 2021 local governments around China have switched the purpose of their refinancing bond issues from the “repayment of principal on government bonds that have matured,” to the “repayment of outstanding debt” or the “repayment of outstanding government debt,” with analysts highlighting the likely inclusion of hidden debt in these amounts.


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