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Organic Brushed Jersey L/S Jumpsuit - Fog StripeQuincy Mae
A cute Henley Jumpsuit for sleep or for play made from the softest organic brushed cotton jersey. The gorgeous gender-neutral Fog Stripe is the perfect combination of ivory and pale taupe. Features full-length sleeves with hemmed cuffs, soft flat-felled neckline with Henley-style front button placket for easy over the head, and full-length pant legs with gently gathered fabric-covered elastic cuffs. Makes a beautiful new baby gift.
See our full selection of Rompers & Jumpsuits HERE.
Find more pieces in Quincy Mae Fog Stripe.
- Materials: 100% Organic brushed jersey cotton
- Designer: Kelli Murray
- Care: Machine wash, cold, inside out - tumble dry, low heat - do not bleach - do not dry clean
- Origin: China


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We are hosting a campaign morning in Llay on Saturday the 19th of October. We will be meeting in Llay for a 'brief & brew', followed by some leafleting. Afterwards join us for a chat and thank you drink in the cafe.
Wrexham houses the largest prison in the UK. The Welsh Labour Government (following Jeremy Corbyn"s wishes) are consulting the public to whether to give those in prison the privilege of a vote. The Conservative party feel that prisoners - whilst behind bars - should not have this right.
An informative and social evening with members from Alyn and Deeside, Delyn and Wrexham associations attending to hear Paul Davis - Leader of the Welsh Conservatives - speak and a Q and A session. The chips and butties were great. Thank you Paul.
Copyright 2020 Sarah Atherton MP for Wrexham. All rights reserved.

domain: politics


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Church bells ring out and there’s an excitement in the air! Loved ones have gathered together to celebrate two hearts joined in friendship being united in love! Beautiful roses provide a classic and romantic décor while soft music lends to the ambiance as the bride and groom beam seeing one another for the first time on their wedding day! Preserve those special “Happily Ever After” memories with the new Classic Wedding Collection by Heartfelt Creations. Filled with romantic imagery of stately church bells, classic roses and fanciful doves, this softly hued paper collection is sure to add to the nostalgia and romance of these precious moments while showcasing memories of such a special day. Soft peaches, pinks, greens and blue tones lend a timeless and elegant backdrop to graceful swirls, lace like elements and romantic script! Commemorate the special occasion with dreamily illustrated cling stamp sets depicting glorious heart shaped rose wreaths, elegant church bells, beautiful wedding rings and a delicate image of a bride and groom, complete with coordinating dies perfect for embellishing bridal shower, wedding or anniversary creations! Five marvelous sentiments are included to ensure you have the perfect well wishes to complete your bridal or anniversary card or scrapbook layout! Add a touch of splendor and sophistication with either of the two intricate and impressive lace like dies included in this sentimental collection! So, please rise…and join with us in celebrating those special moments that represent “Always and Forever”!
Neenah Papers Solar White Cardstock, Silver Foil Cardstock, Ranger Distress Inks ( Peeled Paint, Picked Raspberry, Carved Pumpkin), Nuvo Glitter Accents – Fresh Snowfall, Nuvo Jewel Drops – Rosewater, Zig Clean Color Real Brush Markers (Pink, Orange, Green), Versamark, Silver Embossing Powder, Spellbinders Platinum Die Cutting Machine, Rangers Embossing Tool, Scrapbook Adhesive Foam Squares, White Silk Ribbon.
Create a 7 ½” x 6” card base from white cardstock. Cut a 7 ¼” x 5 ¾” piece from silver foil cardstock, adhere to card base.
Cut a 7” x 5 ½” piece from Classic Wedding paper collection, adhere to card.
Die cut 2 Decorative Medallions from silver foil cardstock, glue to card as pictured.
Stamp rose heart from Classic Wedding Roses cling stamp set with Versamark and silver embossing powder, heat set with embossing tool. Color rose heart with Real Brush Markers and then die cut with matching die from set. Adhere rose heart to center of card with foam squares.
Stamp multiple rose petals with Classic Rose cling stamp set with distress inks onto white cardstock, die cut with coordinating Classic Rose dies.
Stamp leave vines with Classic Rose Vines cling stamp set, die cut with coordinating Classic Rose Vines dies.
Color roses and leaves with distress inks and daubers. Shape with Flower Shaping Kit. Layer petals to form roses and then adhere to card. Embellish roses with Nuvo Glitter Accents and Jewel Drops.
Make a bow with silk ribbon and glue under flowers.
Be sure to visit Heartfelt Creations Blog for more Inspiration.
Thanks for visiting! Hugs!

domain: design


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Seriton Fernandes and Princeton Rebello recently signed contracts with FC Goa and are adamant about helping the club return to winning ways in the Indian Super League. After a number of seasons of finishing in the top-four, the club endured a forgettable season and Rebello hopes to change their results this season. He also spoke about improving the defensive aspects of his game in the upcoming season.
“That’s what I expect, nothing less. We have to qualify for the playoffs and compete for the trophy,” FC Goa midfielder Seriton Fernandes said about their hopes of winning the Indian Super League. “Coach Carlos (Pena) and I were teammates previously, a couple of seasons ago. Back then he had helped me a lot, especially in improving my technique. I was excited to learn that he was coming back and I look forward to learning more from him,” said Seriton Fernandes on how Carlos Pena played a role in his contract extension.”
“We’ve been a regular presence in the top-four of the ISL league stages over the past few seasons. Our 2021-22 campaign was an exception. It hurts to remember that we finished in ninth place. That said, lessons have been learned and we know that we have what it takes to restore our status as one of the best teams in the league,” Rebello added. “FC Goa is my home and my dream is to win the ISL with the club, for their fans, and for the people of Goa. Hence I did not have to think twice before signing a new deal. I want to be more physical and compete for every ball. Defensively I want to improve myself. I hope to play every game I can for the club this season.”

domain: news


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The service information shown on this page is for routes operated by Metro Tasmania only.
For information on general access services provided by other companies including Tassielink Transit, Kinetic, O’Driscoll Coaches and Tasmanian Redline Coaches, please refer to the Department of State Growth timetable information page.
For information on school bus services provided by other companies, please refer to the Department of State Growth school bus information page.
Route Map Link
Taroona, Kingston, Summerleas
Metro's Route 429 service enables students to use the Metro network to travel to and from Kingston High School.
Please refer to the Kingston via Taroona timetable for further information.

domain: geography


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Series Name: White Lightning Nonfiction
Since it began, the World Cup has been the scene of soccer history. This is where legendary players have made their mark. There have been stunning upsets. Drama has unfolded on and off the field. Through it all, billions of fans around the world have watched. While new technology and rules bring changes, the world's most popular sport continues to gain fans.
Take a look inside White Lightning Nonfiction, a hi-lo nonfiction series for students in the middle grades. Mature, high-interest topics pull in readers and engage them with interesting information; full-color photographs and illustrations; detailed graphic elements including charts, tables, and infographics; and fascinating facts. A 20-word glossary is included for vocabulary support.
Grade Level: 6 to 8
Reading Level: 2 to 3
Lexile Level: HL320L

domain: library


text: Hello. I'm Fabry from Italy and this is my first post in this forum. I explored the whole Road to Asia map with this MAN 6X6 and I must say it's a very beautiful map project! Congrats to all the staff. I hope that will be implemented in future.


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Despite more than a handful of people showing up for the panel, spirits were high for BOOM! President Ross Richie and Marketing Director Chip Mosher. After cueing up Kanye West’s “Stronger,” Mosher leapt right into BOOM! Studios’ recent success with MySpace Comics. The first book from the union was “North Wind” by David DiGillio, Andrew Huerta and Alex Cal, described by Mosher as “Mad Max on Ice.” The book was simultaneously released on the website and in stores, followed by MySpace putting a trailer for the first issue online. The trailer got 10,000 views in 10 days. The issue sold out shortly after and has subsequently received a second printing of #1.
|“Cthulu Tales” #1 covers A & B|
BOOM! will have a five-month long promotion where they will put each of the five issue series online, day and date with it hitting the stores. They have seen a 20% increase in sales between #3 and #4, breaking all expectations.
“Kody Chamberlain’s The Foundation” written by John Rozum, art by Chee then sold out two weeks after “North Wind” #1 sold out. BOOM! is calling this “the North Wind Effect.”
“Fall of Cthulhu: The Fugue” written by Michael Allen Nelson is being released as a Trade Paperback collecting issues #1-5. Starting with #11, a new arc titled “The Grey Man” begins. It’s the story of a young Brazilian girl that shows up in Arkham and then someone or something follows her there. Richie thinks, “it is one of the best arcs we are doing on the book. A sleeper hit for BOOM!” Mateos Santolouco starts on #11 and will be doing the entire arc.
There’s also the relaunch of “Cthulhu Tales” as a new, monthly horror anthology. Steve Niles and Michael Alan Nelson are featured in the first issue coming April 9th.
|“Zombie Tales” #1 Covers A & B|
There’s also going to be new “Zombie Tales” in late April featuring stories by Joe R. Landsdale (“Jonah Hex”), Kim Krizan (“Before Sunrise”) and Steve Niles.
Mosher then worked in a quick mention for his own book, “Left on Mission,” at which point Richie immediately shut him down and moved on to the next slide, revealing a slew of new projects to come.
“Shmobots” – Written by Adam Rifkin (“Small Soldiers,” “Mousehunt”) with art by Les Toil. The story is set in the future, where robots do all the menial labor, but the government has given the robot contracts to the cheapest bidder and everyone hates to be around them. According to Mosher, Stan Lee loves this book, saying, “…You’ll never look at robots the same way again” Rcihie noted that it’s like “What if Kevin Smith did robot stories.” This is one of the first original graphic novels from BOOM! and will not be serialized.
|“High Rollers” #1||“Scream Queen” #1|
“Scream Queen” – “American Pie” meets “Friday the 13th.” Brendan Hay, (staff writer on “The Daily Show”) with art by Nate Watson. It was described as a horror movie with a twist, when the masked killer falls in love with the usual horror movie victim. When she gets a bad grade in school, he kills the teacher who gave her the low grade. Sadly, she’s clueless as to what the deal is and the cops think she is the killer. Look for more on “Scream Queen” later this weekend on CBR.
“High Rollers” – Crime writer Gary Phillips is joined by Bret Weldele on covers and Brazillian artist Manuel Magalhaes. Mosher said, “‘High Rollers’ is a ‘Sopranos’ turn on inner city gangs.” The series chronicles the life of Cameron Quinn, a new hit man for a Los Angeles gang. Look for an interview with Phillips later this weekend on CBR.
|“The Godfather Chronicles” #1||“Pale Horse” #1|
“Pale Horse” – Based on a story by Andrew Cosby, the series doesn’t yet have a creative team. The series tells the story of Franklin Hale, a spy for the Union during the Civil War. Hale quits the Union and moves to the Black Hills with an Indian woman, until killers take his wife and force him to seek bloody revenge and possibly uncovers a conspiracy. It combines the old west with elements of “The Bourne Supremacy” and “Lone Wolf and Cub” into a high octane comic adventure. For more on this series, don’t miss our interview with BOOM! Studios’ EiC Mark Waid.
Cover art was unveiled for the previously announced “The Godfather Chronicles,” featuring a Bill Sienkiewicz cover.
“Blood Bowl: Killer Contract” – Written by video game and fiction writer Matt Forbeck, “Blood Bowl” was described as, “football where everyone dies.” That is, football played by elves, orcs, dwarves and an exploding ball. “Brits looking at American football and making it totally insane,” said Mosher. Lads Helloven provides the art.
|Covers and pages from “Warhammer: Condemned by Fire”|
Possibly the biggest news to come from the panel was the announcement of “Warhammer: Condemned by Fire,” a new five-issue mini-series that directly follows the “Warhammer: Forge of War” mini-series. “Condemned by Fire” is written by Dan Abnett and Ian Edginton with art by Rahsan Ekadal. This series has something special in store for gamers anticipating the launch of Mythic Games, “Warhammer Online: Age of Reckoning” upcoming Massively Multiplayer game, currently being beta tested by 500,000 players for a launch later this year. The first issue of “Condemned by Fire” will feature a scratch off inside the cover with a one-in-five chance of winning an opportunity to be entered into the beta test. EA Mythic will send out announcements to over 600,000 subscribers in a newsletter about the special promotion, so the publisher plans on doing a massive overprint to capitalize on MMO launch, in addition to offering a 3% reorder incentive to retailers.
As the panel came to a close, BOOM! noted it had tripled in size to 11 employees over the last year. Mark Waid coming on board as Editor-In-Chief has everyone talking and writer Michael Alan Nelson has been added on staff.
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domain: artistic


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A research centre that brings together leading expertise from the West Midlands including the University of Birmingham to address some of the most demanding pressures on health services in the region launches today.
The NIHR Applied Research Collaboration (ARC) West Midlands, has begun a five-year programme of research and is hosted by University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust (UHB), with academic partners the Universities of Birmingham, Warwick, and Keele. Experts from Birmingham Women's and Children’s NHS Foundation Trust will also play a key role in ARC.
The NIHR ARC West Midlands aims to tackle the key issues facing our healthcare system, including the pressures of an ageing population and the increasing demands on the NHS, through collaborative working across NHS Trusts, universities, the West Midlands Academic Health Science Network and other organisations in the West Midlands.
It is one of 15 centres across England awarded funding of almost £9 million for five years by the National Institute for Health Research earlier this year. It builds on the foundations of the NIHR Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care (CLAHRC) West Midlands.
Professor Richard Lilford, ARC West Midlands Director, said: “Over the next five years the ARC will bring together the most dedicated researchers, public contributors and healthcare professionals from across the West Midlands.
“Working closely with the Health Service, our collaboration is committed to generating the highest quality research which makes real improvements for patients and the public at every stage in their lives and we will share our findings across the country and beyond.”
Across England, the ARCs will help to solve some of the biggest issues facing health and social care over the next five years, helping to address the increasing demands on the NHS and give patients greater independence and choice about how they manage their healthcare.
The NIHR ARC West Midlands will have four main priorities: long term health conditions, acute care interfaces, integrated care in youth mental health, and maternity care. In addition, it will have two cross-cutting themes: organisational science and research methodology, informatics and rapid response. These needs have been identified following discussions with local communities and health and social care organisations.
For more information please contact Emma McKinney, Communications Manager (Health Sciences), University of Birmingham, tel: +44 (0) 121 414 6681, or contact the press office on +44 (0) 7789 921 165.
- The University of Birmingham is ranked amongst the world’s top 100 institutions. Its work brings people from across the world to Birmingham, including researchers, teachers and more than 6,500 international students from over 150 countries.
- The National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) is the nation's largest funder of health and care research. The NIHR:
- Funds, supports and delivers high quality research that benefits the NHS, public health and social care
- Engages and involves patients, carers and the public in order to improve the reach, quality and impact of research
- Attracts, trains and supports the best researchers to tackle the complex health and care challenges of the future
- Invests in world-class infrastructure and a skilled delivery workforce to translate discoveries into improved treatments and services
- Partners with other public funders, charities and industry to maximise the value of research to patients and the economy
- The NIHR was established in 2006 to improve the health and wealth of the nation through research, and is funded by the Department of Health and Social Care. In addition to its national role, the NIHR supports applied health research for the direct and primary benefit of people in low- and middle-income countries, using UK aid from the UK government.

domain: medical


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In one of those rare occurrences I found writing inspiration while shopping at Wal-mart.
I was in the mood for some veggies, and I glanced over and I literally stopped in my tracks.
There was a very good looking man browsing the cheese cake section. Much younger man, I guess about 10-15 years younger.
The jeans should have been illegal the way they clung to his ass. His dark blond hair was neatly cut. Hmm and the shirt stretched across his muscled chest. tattoos on his biceps.
He looked like he had stepped off a book cover! I was startled by how attractive he was, he certainly wasn’t a townie.
Then he opened his mouth and I almost walked over to him and punched him right in the kisser!!! This kid right here!
Was so rude to the older woman who was shopping with him! I am assuming she was his mother. Now I am no saint, I can be quite rude to my mother too but holy… he was impatient. (Not a big fan of rudeness but neither I’m a fan of a man being strangled by his mama’s apron strings)
I walk on, and nearly get ran over by his cart in the condiments aisle. “Excuse me” I smiled coolly.
He didn’t even apologize. Oh boy.
I turn the corner to the frozen goods section and again he runs into me!
What the heck is this kid’s problem?
My eyes narrowed. “Excuse me!”
I marched by him.
Ah definitely plot material!
Eek now if only I write like JAK, Julie Garwood, Lori Foster to name a few.
However I am not going to be writing anything until I have my fanfic uploaded from iCloud onto the laptop.

domain: literature


text:
Delta Community Retirement & Investment Services
Meet our CERTIFIED FINANCIAL PLANNER™ professionals
At Delta Community Retirement & Investment Services, we treat each one of our clients as an individual. There is no one-size-fits-all plan. We realize that you have unique experiences with diverse needs, and we believe that every story matters. We want you to share your story with us. Our team of experienced financial advisors is here to help you make well-thought-out decisions when it comes to preparing for your financial future.
To schedule an appointment, or for more information, please email us at email@example.com or call 404-677-4890. And to see a list of free financial education workshops presented by Delta Community Retirement & Investment Services, visit the Events page on our website.
RICP® conferred by The American College
Delta Community Retirement & Investment Services offers investment strategy, retirement advice and a range of financial services, combined with access to financial planning resources through our relationship with LPL Financial.
Check the background of investment professionals associated with this site on FINRA’s BrokerCheck.
Certified Financial Planner Board of Standards Center for Financial Planning, Inc. owns and licenses the certification marks CFP® and CERTIFIED FINANCIAL PLANNER™ in the United States to Certified Financial Planner Board of Standards, Inc., which authorizes individuals who successfully complete the organization’s initial and ongoing certification requirements to use the certification marks.
Your Credit Union (“Financial Institution”) provides referrals to financial professionals of LPL Financial LLC (“LPL”) pursuant to an agreement that allows LPL to pay the Financial Institution for these referrals. This creates an incentive for the Financial Institution to make these referrals, resulting in a conflict of interest. The Financial Institution is not a current client of LPL for brokerage or advisory services. Please visit https://www.lpl.com/disclosures/is-lpl-relationship-disclosure.html for more detailed information.
Securities and advisory services are offered through LPL Financial (LPL), a registered investment advisor and broker/dealer (member FINRA/SIPC). Insurance products are offered through LPL or its licensed affiliates. Delta Community Credit Union and Delta Community Retirement & Investment Services are not registered as a broker/dealer or investment advisor. Registered representatives of LPL offer products and services using Delta Community Retirement & Investment Services, and may also be employees of Delta Community Credit Union. These products and services are being offered through LPL or its affiliates, which are separate entities from and not affiliates of Delta Community Credit Union or Delta Community Retirement & Investment Services. The Delta Community Retirement & Investment Services site is designed for U.S. residents only. The services offered within this site are offered exclusively through our U.S. registered representatives. LPL Financial Registered Representatives associated with this site are licensed in all 50 states.
Securities and insurance offered through LPL or its affiliates are:

domain: finance


text:
Floral Initial Bracelet
Estimated Delivery:Dec 15 - Dec 19
This beautiful and dainty Floral Initial Bracelet is the perfect gift for any special occasion! The initial bracelet comes with a chain and a cubic zirconia letter of your choice, in either silver or gold finish. This personalized jewelry makes a great addition to any outfit and is perfect for any individual who loves to express their unique style.
Bracelets Type: Charm Bracelets
Length Adjustable: 15-24CM
Took 9 days to arrive but it’s such a cute little bracelet. No complaints.
very nice item
it is after one MONTH BROKEN i hope the other 2, it will be better Very thin.


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Brian Mc Knight needs to be stripped of any award, accolade, Hollywood star, certificate of recognition, perfect attendance star, and any other honor he’s been given ever in life because this man just doesn’t know when to quit.
The FADER has reached out to a rep for Travis Scott for more information.Speaking to Billboard in May, Scott revealed more about the inspiration behind the follow-up to 2015 album Rodeo."My next album, Birds in the Trap Sing Mc Knight is basically about all my friends and growing up here [in Missouri City].Brian Mc Knight had sense enough not to show his face in the NSFW video below but he failed to tell his boys being surrounding by a bunch of white chicks in bikinis while rapping about giving them rug burns while having sex on the carpet was not a good look.Although in all fairness if they weren’t singing about Youporn.com, this really would be just another regular rap video.
Either way, Brian is still in the running for worst dad of the year.
I really hope this is just a mid-life crisis phase he’s going through, although unfortunately his sons still don’t have a chance.
Travis Scott will release his new project Birds In The Trap Sing Brian Mc Knight in less than two weeks.
The long awaited release has been teased by Scott for some weeks now but appears to be ready and will be released on August 5.
That's what Scott told fans at his show in Cony Island last night.
Scott was playing the Ford Amphitheater when he made the announcement.

domain: entertainment


text:
Tennessee: Alex Haley farm, Norris, Tenn., August 1990, folder #2 (#2509)
@ University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Ferris, William R
DescriptionPhotograph shows Perry Walker and Tamara Denisova sitting at a table at the Alex Haley farm in Norris, Tennessee.
Photographic Prints Images
Copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law.


international certification bodies for its quality system and environmental management system. E5jK-T Series. E5CK-T. E5AK-T/E5EK-T. 1/4 DIN. 1/8 DIN. Omron E5AK Controllers are available at Mouser Electronics. Mouser offers inventory, pricing, & datasheets for Omron E5AK Controllers. E5AK-TAA AC Omron Automation and Safety Controllers PROCESS CONTROLLER datasheet, inventory, & pricing.
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omon Page The display changes to [ ] 0mA calibration display. Page 78 AT auto-tuningsetting the alarm values, set- ting the control period, and setting PID parameters. The following figure shows the required device connection. Also, make sure that the power supply is within the rated voltage range. Page Set point Stable range Set to F Operation at Both control output functions and alarm output functions operate.
Set the STV output to 0 mA. If the communications function is required, add on the communications unit. For example, in the fol- lowing configuration, connect the terminator to the host unit and e5am No. The process Calibration item Also, when the input type, temperature unit and scaling sensor range are changed, set point limiter is forcibly reset to the scaling sensor range.
About The Displays Each press of this key switches between the auto and manual opera- tions. You can select this mode only when the option unit is set in the controller.
F Meaning Calibration data is in error. Onron of Go. Fixing Screw for Tighten this screw by a torque of 0. During operation of the ST function, e5xk power on the load side connected to the control output must be turned ON at the same time or before start of E5AK Function operation. To give Function priority to stability, increase the set value of this parameter. In other words, heating and cooling control is carried out when con- trol output cool is assigned, and standard control is carried out when output is not assigned.
Omron E5AK-AA2-500 Processor/Controller
For details on selecting the menu display, see page Some parameters are not displayed depending on the protect mode setting and conditions of use. Make sure that the stop bit, data length, parity and baud rate of the host computer and the E5AK controller are matching. Page E5AK controller has been correctly calibrated. Set Point Limiter However, note that when the set point limiter is reset, the set point is forcibly changed to the upper-or lower-limit value of the set point limiter if the set point is out of the limiter range.
Page J Output Unit E5al and Characteristics Ratings and characteristics conform to the output unit mounted on the controller.
Omron E5AK-AA Processor/Controller | eBay
Page Revision History A imron revision code appears as a suffix to the catalog number on the front cover of the manual. Use this chapter as a reference guide. Setting Alarm Type 3.
For details of operation at an alarm, see page Connect the input as fol- lows: Set the STV output to 5V. However, note that as control output 1 is used e5a, the open output and control output 2 is used as close output on a position-proportional type controller E5AK-PRR2control outputs 1 and 2 cannot be used as assignment destinations.
Function PV before passing through filter PV after passing oron filter 0. SP setting lower limit to SP setting upper limit 0: J Output Unit Ratings and Characteristics Ratings and characteristics conform to the output unit mounted on the controller.


SEOUL, June 7 (Korea Bizwire) — A formal decision has been made that the mechanical hum produced by the motors of wind turbines and a ‘whooshing’ sound produced by the blades moving through the air should be regarded as noise, and accordingly, compensation should be given to individuals residing near these turbines who suffer from such noise.
The Central Environmental Dispute Mediation Commission said Monday that in response to a case in which 163 residents of two villages in Yeonggwang County in South Jeolla Province requested compensation from the operator of wind power generators claiming that they suffered mental damages due to the low-frequency noise generated by the neighboring wind turbines, it recognized the damage the residents suffered and decided that they should receive 138 million won (US$109,820) in compensation.
The commission stressed that it was the first compensation decision for damages caused by the low-frequency noise of wind power generators. Low-frequency noise refers to noise below 100 hertz.
A total of 35 wind turbines were installed and launched commercial operations in the neighborhood of the villages in 2017, giving rise to many complaints from the residents.
The commission’s actual measurements showed that the noise with frequencies from 12.5-80 hertz exceeded the bearable pain level in both of the villages.
In particular, the noise with a frequency of 80 hertz was as loud as 87 decibel, far exceeding the bearable pain level of 45 decibel.
M. H. Lee (email@example.com)


text:
Research Paper Volume 10, Issue 7 pp 1542—1555
Locus of control as a modifiable risk factor for cognitive function in midlife
- 1 MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
- 2 Centre for Child and Adolescent Health, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
- 3 Department of Psychology, PAIS Building, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
Received: May 15, 2018 Accepted: June 21, 2018 Published: July 12, 2018https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.101490
How to Cite
Copyright: Anderson et al. This is an open‐access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Few modifiable risk factors for cognitive decline have been identified. Despite an external locus of control (LoC) being adversely associated with many psychological and physical health outcomes, few studies have examined whether it is related to cognitive function in adulthood. In 1178 women from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, we examined whether LoC, and change in LoC over time, is associated with cognitive function in midlife. LoC was prospectively measured at mean ages 30 and 48 years using the validated Nowicki-Strickland scale. Cognitive function was examined at mean age 51 years. At both time points, greater externality was associated with lower cognitive function. For example, the group of women classified as being external at mean age 48 years had, on average, a 0.18 lower cognitive function score (95% CI: (0.11 to 0.25) than the group classified as being internal (p<0.001). Participants who changed from external to internal over time, on average, had better cognitive function than those who remained external or changed to become external. In summary, an external LoC may be detrimental to cognitive function. Thus, interventions to increase internality may help to minimise the adverse consequences on cognitive health later in life.
Locus of control (LoC) is defined as the degree to which persons expect that outcomes are contingent on their own behaviour or personal characteristics, as opposed to a function of chance, luck, fate, under control of powerful others, or simply unpredictable . Individuals with a strong internal LoC tend to believe events in their life are primarily a result their own actions. Conversely, people with a strong external LoC tend to believe events in their life are primarily a result of external factors (e.g. fate or luck). LoC is an important personality construct that has been associated with many psychological [2–6] and physical [7,8] health outcomes as well as health behaviours such as smoking and alcohol consumption [9–12]. Studies generally report better outcomes in individuals classified as being more internal than external, concluding that it is psychologically healthy to perceive that one has control over those things which one is capable of influencing. LoC is not static; studies have shown that it is malleable in response to both life events (such as trauma [13,14]) and interventions such as cognitive training [15–17], thus suggesting that it is possible to improve a person’s ability to internalise, which may incur later health benefits.
Despite many psychological and physical health outcomes being studied in relation to LoC [5,7], studies examining whether LoC is related to cognitive function are scarce. Most studies to date have focused on whether cognitive training is associated with short-term  and long-term  changes in LoC (i.e. the opposite direction). Those existing studies that have examined whether LoC is associated with later cognitive function have mainly been conducted in very small sample sizes  or in elderly populations [20,21], whereby reverse causation (i.e. impairment of, or decline in, cognitive function affecting LoC) cannot be ruled out. Wight et al reported that an external LoC was associated with lower cognitive function in a community sample of 1835 men aged 45-59 years from the United States . However, to our knowledge, no studies have examined the association in women. Given that there is evidence to suggest LoC is intervenable, it would be useful to ascertain whether individuals with an internal LoC have greater cognitive function, particularly in later life, as this may help individuals to maintain independence into old age and even potentially reduce risk of cognitive decline and dementia. Current evidence for modifiable risk factors for lower cognitive function in later life is scarce, thus, trying to identify factors on which we can intervene is crucial for prevention strategies.
In a general population sample of British women from the Avon and Longitudinal Study of Parents And Children, we aimed to examine whether (i) LoC at two time-points during adulthood (mean ages 30 and 48 years) and (ii) change in LoC across these two time-points, is prospectively associated with a composite measure of overall cognitive function at mean age 51 years, or with specific cognitive domains including long- and short-term memory, verbal fluency and intelligence, and processing speed.
Descriptive characteristics of the participants
There was evidence that women included in these analyses, on average, were more likely to be white compared to non-white, to have a higher SEP and be classified as having an internal LoC compared with women excluded due to missing data (Table 1). However, the magnitude of the differences for ethnicity and SEP was small, and the mean LoC scores at both time points were similar in included versus excluded women. Correlations between the LoC scores at the two time-points was moderate (Pearson’s R=0.53). Approximately 30% of participants changed their LOC over time (12% of participants changed from external to internal and 18% changed from internal to external). Correlations between each of the cognitive function measures (Table S1) were weak to moderate: Pearson’s r ranged from 0.15 to 0.43. Logical memory and delayed logical memory were strongly correlated (r=0.83).
Table 1. Characteristics of participants.
|Included participants (n=1178)||Excluded participants (n=1179) †|
|N with available data||Mean (SD)/|
|Mean age 30 years|
|Continuous locus of control score at mean age 30 years||3.30 (1.86)||1,156||3.87 (2.02)|
|Categorical locus of control at age 30 years (%)‡||1156|
|Mean age 48 years|
|Continuous locus of control score at mean age 48 years||3.03 (1.87)||784||3.58 (2.01)|
|Categorical locus of control at age 48 years (%)‡||784|
|Change in locus of control score from 30 to 48 years (%)|
|Internal to Internal||44.65||523||27.15|
|External to External||25.38||37.86|
|Internal to External||11.54||15.68|
|External to Internal||18.42||19.37|
|Cognitive function score||4.07 (0.59)||1,654||3.91 (0.61)|
|Age at outcome assessment (years)||50.96 (4.39)||1779||50.74 (4.42)|
|Highest qualification (%)||1022|
|Head of household social class (%)||1202|
|Managerial and technical||48.73||49.92|
|Partly and unskilled manual||1.10||1.58|
|SD – standard deviation|
|†Excluded participants are those who were eligible to be included in the analysis (i.e. they attended the outcome assessment clinic) but were excluded due to missing data for one LoC measure and one or more potential confounders|
|‡Participants scoring below or equal to the median (3 points) on the locus of control questionnaire were categorised as being internal. Those scoring above the median were categorised as being external.|
Associations between the continuous LoC scores and overall cognitive function
Table 2 shows associations of the continuous LoC scores at the two time-points with the composite measure of cognitive function. There was evidence that a greater LoC score (i.e. greater externality) measured at both time-points (i.e. mean ages 30 and 48 years) was associated with a lower cognitive function score at mean age 51 years, with the magnitude of the association being similar for both time-points. For example, per one-unit increase in LoC score at mean age 48 years, cognitive function scores were, on average, 0.06 lower (95% CI: -0.08 to -0.04), even after adjusting for educational attainment, head of household social class, ethnicity and age at outcome assessment and the previous LoC at mean age 30 years (p<0.001).
Table 2. Associations of the continuous locus of control score at two time-points with the composite cognitive function score at mean age 51 years (N=1178).
|Unadjusted||Adjusted for potential confounders†||Additionally adjusted for earlier locus of control score|
|Beta (95% CI)||P||Beta (95% CI)||P||Beta (95% CI)||P|
|-0.08 (-0.10 to -0.06)||<0.001||-0.07 (-0.08 to -0.05)||<0.001||-||-|
|Locus of control score at mean age 48 years||-0.09 (-0.11 to -0.08)||<0.001||-0.06 (-0.08 to -0.04)||<0.001||-0.06 (-0.08 -0.04)||<0.001|
|CI- confidence interval. Results are interpreted as the average difference in the composite cognitive function score per unit increase in the locus of control score|
|†Adjusted for educational attainment, head of household social class, ethnicity and age at outcome assessment|
Associations between categorical LoC (internal vs external) and overall cognitive function
There was evidence that participants who were categorised as having an external LoC had, on average, lower cognitive function than those who were categorised as being internal, and the magnitude of association was similar at both LoC measurement occasions (Table 3). For example, the external group at mean age 48 years had, on average, a 0.18 lower cognitive function score (95% CI: -0.25 to -0.11) than the internal group (p<0.001), even after adjusting for educational attainment, head of household social class, ethnicity and age at outcome assessment and LoC score at mean age 30 years.
Table 3. Average difference in the composite cognitive function score at mean age 51 years between participants who were categorised as having an external vs internal locus of control at two time-points (N=1178).
|Unadjusted||Adjusted for potential confounders†||Additionally adjusted for earlier locus of control score|
|Mean difference in cognitive function score (95% CI)||P||Mean difference in cognitive function score (95% CI)||P||Mean difference in cognitive function score (95% CI)||P|
|External vs internal locus of control at mean age 30 years||-0.28 (-0.35 to -0.22)||<0.001||-0.22 (-0.29 to -0.16)||<0.001||-||-|
|External vs internal locus of control at mean age 48 years||-0.30 (-0.37 to -0.24)||<0.001||-0.25 (-0.32 to -0.19)||<0.001||-0.18 (-0.25 to -0.11)||<0.001|
|CI- confidence interval. Results are interpreted as the average difference in the composite cognitive function score between external versus internal locus of control|
|†Adjusted for educational attainment, head of household social class, ethnicity and age at outcome assessment|
Associations between change in LoC over time and overall cognitive function
On average, individuals had the lowest cognitive function scores when they were classified as having an external LoC at both time-points (Table 4). Participants classified as having an external LoC at any of the measurement occasions had lower cognitive function scores than those who sustained an internal LoC over time. Finally, participants who changed from external to internal, on average, had higher cognitive function scores than those who remained external or changed from internal to external.
Table 4. Associations between change in locus of control from mean age 30 years to 48 years and the composite cognitive function score at mean age 51 years (N=1178).
|Unadjusted||Adjusted for potential confounders†|
|Percentage (N) participants||Mean difference in cognitive function score (95% CI)||P||Mean difference in cognitive function score (95% CI)||P|
|Change in LoC|
|Internal to internal (reference group)||44.7 (526)||-||-||-||-|
|External to external||25.4 (299)||-0.43 (-0.51 to -0.35)||<0.001||-0.35 (-0.43 to -0.27)||<0.001|
|Internal to external||11.5 (136)||-0.20 (-0.31 to -0.10)||<0.001||-0.18 (-0.28 to -0.07)||<0.01|
|External to internal||18.4 (217)||-0.18 (-0.27 to -0.09)||<0.001||-0.14 (-0.23 to -0.05)||<0.01|
|CI- confidence interval. Results are interpreted as the average difference in the composite cognitive function score between each group compared to the reference group.|
|†Adjusted for educational attainment, head of household social class, ethnicity and age at outcome assessment|
Participants classified as having an external LoC had, on average, lower scores for each of the six cognitive tests than those classified as internal (Table S2). The magnitude of association was very similar for each of the tests and across the two time-points that LoC was measured. On average, individuals had the lowest scores on each of the six cognitive tests when they were classified as having an external LoC at both time-points (Table S3). Participants classified as having an external LoC at any of the measurement occasions had lower cognitive scores for each of the six cognitive tests than those who sustained an internal LoC over time and again, the magnitude of association was very similar for each test. Unadjusted associations looked very similar in the larger group of participants with a measure of LoC at the first-time point only (n=2241, Table S4) compared to the results from the main analysis sample (n=1178). Results also looked very similar when additionally adjusted for exposure to psychosocial adversity in childhood as a potential confounder (n=929, Table S5).
We found evidence that having a more internal locus of control in early and mid-adulthood is prospectively associated with better cognitive function, and importantly, that changing to have an internal LoC over the duration of the study was associated with better cognitive function than remaining external or changing to from internal to external. These findings suggest that LoC may be an amenable target for interventions aimed at increasing internality, to improve cognitive function in adulthood and consequently, help to reduce risk of ageing-related morbidity (including Alzheimer’s disease, which has been consistently associated with lower cognitive function in mid-life and mortality [23,24]). Several studies have provided evidence that LoC is modifiable, with cognitive training interventions increasing internality [15–17], and Nowicki et al.  have identified several factors associated with changes towards both internality and externality. Our study identified a subgroup of participants (~30%) whose LoC changed over time (i.e. internal to external and vice versa), supporting the assumption that it is not a static construct and may be amenable to intervention. Given that lower cognitive function in adulthood is associated with a lack of functional dependence in old age [26–28], greater risk of cognitive decline and dementia [23,24], and higher mortality rates [29–32], identifying modifiable risk factors is important for informing prevention strategies.
We found evidence using both the continuous LoC score and the categorical (external vs internal) variable, suggesting that LoC across the whole spectrum is related to cognitive decline and that there is not likely to be a threshold effect whereby a certain degree of externality is detrimental for cognitive functioning. We also assessed associations of LoC with individual cognitive tests, as well as a composite score of overall cognitive function. Different cognitive tests measure different underlying systems (e.g. fluid vs crystallised intelligence) and assessing them individually may help identify possible underlying mechanisms of association. Combining measures into a composite score may, however, increase power because summing them together identifies a much higher risk group (i.e. those performing very badly on all tests), which may drive associations. In our study, higher LoC scores (i.e. greater externality) were associated with poorer performance on all individual cognitive tests, with a similar magnitude of effect for each. In addition, change in LoC overtime was similarly associated with each of the cognitive tests, suggesting that there is not one particular aspect of cognition that is largely affected by LoC, but that it influences all domains of cognitive function including memory, processing speed and verbal fluency.
Comparisons with other studies
Although there is a large body of evidence showing LoC to be associated with many psychological [2,3,5,6,33] and physical [7,8] health outcomes and health behaviours such as smoking [9–12] and alcohol consumption [9,17], studies examining whether LoC is related to cognitive function are scarce . Several studies to date have assessed whether cognitive training is associated with short-term  and long-term  changes in LoC (i.e. examining the question in the opposite direction) and the findings suggest the relationship may be bidirectional in nature. The few existing studies that have examined whether LoC is associated with later cognitive function been conducted in very small sample sizes (N=<350)  or in elderly populations [20,21] where it is impossible to rule out reverse causation (i.e. age-related changes in cognitive function affecting LoC). One study previously reported that an external LoC was associated with lower cognitive function in men from the United States . Converse to our study, the authors found LoC to be very stable over time (LoC changed over an 18-year follow-up period in 30% of our study participants). Similar to our study however, they reported cognitive function to be highest among men who consistently demonstrated an internal locus of control over time, and lowest among those who demonstrated an external propensity over time. Our findings suggest that associations are similar in women and that they can be observed as early as age ~50 years. In addition to this, another study reported that mothers with an internal prenatal LoC, on average, had offspring with a higher IQ at age 8 years , suggesting that LoC may be associated with cognitive function across the entire life course; not just in mid-late adulthood.
Strengths and limitations
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to assess associations between LoC measures and cognitive function in women from the general population. LoC was measured using a validated questionnaire  at two time-points, meaning we were able to examine how change in LoC relates to our outcome of interest. We also had data for a variety of cognitive tests, enabling us to assess the effect of LoC on different cognitive domains and also on overall cognitive functioning. One limitation of our study is the possibility of selection bias, as 41% of the people who attended the follow-up clinic where the cognitive tests were conducted did not have data for one or more measures of LoC and/or one or more potential confounders. To examine the possibility of selection bias, we examined whether the unadjusted associations were similar in a larger sample of participants with only a measure of LoC at the first-time point and a measure of cognitive function (n=2241 compared to n=1178 in our main analyses). Results were very similar, suggesting that selection bias is unlikely to fully explain our findings. It is also worth noting that people with an external locus of control and with lower cognitive function scores are more likely to be lost to follow-up, meaning any bias due to selection is likely to be towards the null. Finally, we only studied British women, thus we cannot assume that our results would generalise to men, or women from different national or ethnic backgrounds.
Our findings suggest that an external LoC is detrimental to cognitive function. LoC can change over time, and interventions to increase internality may help to minimise the adverse consequences on cognitive health later in life. Further longitudinal studies should examine whether LoC is associated with cognitive function across the whole life course and with cognitive decline over time. Genetic studies may be able to identify variants associated with LoC, which would pave the way for examining whether or not these associations are causal, using methods such as Mendelian randomization.
Materials and Methods
The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) is a prospective birth cohort study from southwest England that recruited 14,541 pregnant women, resident in 3 Bristol-based health districts, with an expected date of delivery between April 1991 and December 1992  . Our analysis uses data from the mothers in this cohort . The study website contains details of all available data through a fully searchable data dictionary and variable search tool (www.bris.ac.uk/alspac/researchers/our-data/). Ethical approval for the study was obtained from the ALSPAC Ethics and Law Committee and the Local Research Ethics Committees. Approximately 25 years after recruitment into the cohort, women were invited to attend a follow-up research clinic at which cognitive function was assessed. A total of 2893 woman attended this clinic (mean age 51 years, standard deviation 4.4 years).
Assessing Locus of Control
Women completed a condensed version of the Adult Nowicki Strickland Internal External control scale (ANSIE)  in questionnaires administered at mean ages 30 and 48 years. The original ANSIE comprises 40 items in a yes/no format, which assess perceived control. The version used in the present study comprises 12 of the original 40 items, which were chosen after factor analysis of the ANSIE administered as a pilot to 135 mothers . The 12 questions loaded onto a single factor of general LoC. The 12 questions used are shown elsewhere (Golding et al., 2017). From the responses, a ‘LoC score’ was derived; the higher the score the more external the LoC. Scores ranged from 0 to 12 and approximated a normal distribution, with a median of 3 at both measurement occasions.
Assessing cognitive function in mid-adulthood
A series of tests were conducted at a follow-up research clinic at mean age 51 years to assess different domains of cognitive function including verbal fluency, short-term and prospective memory and processing speed. All cognitive function outcomes measured in this study are associated with mortality . Cognitive function was assessed with verbal fluency , logical memory , delayed logical memory , digit backwards , digit symbol coding , and spot the word tests . Full assessment details of each cognitive test are provided in the online Supplement.
We considered social class and ethnicity to be potential confounders of the association between LoC and cognitive function in mid-adulthood. Participants’ social class was indicated by both head of household social class and educational attainment. Participants’ SEP in adulthood was reported at enrolment into the study (during years 1991-1992) as the highest of own and partner’s occupational class groups using the 1991 British Office of Population and Census Statistics (OPCS) classification. It was coded as ‘professional’, ‘managerial and technical’, ‘skilled non-manual’, ‘skilled manual’ and ‘partly or unskilled manual’. Women reported their ethnicity in questionnaires administered at enrolment. Age at the time of outcome assessment was recorded.
Locus of control measures
We examined associations using both a continuous and categorical measure of LoC at mean ages 30 and 48 years. This enabled us to examine whether associations exist across the whole spectrum of LoC or whether there is likely a threshold effect. The continuous scores ranged from 0 to 12 and were normally distributed with a mean (standard deviation, SD) of 3.3 (1.9) at age 30 years and 3.0 (1.9) at age 48 years. The higher the score the more external the locus of control. The categorical measures classify participants as having an internal or external LoC at each time-point, with external being defined as above the median score of 3 (on both measurement occasions), and internal equal to or lower than the median score. Finally, we generated a measure of change in LoC across the two time-points which consisted of four categories: (1) external at both time-points, (2) internal at both time-points, (3) internal to external and (4) external to internal.
Generating composite scores of cognitive function
In addition to assessing individual cognitive function tests which reflect different underlying systems (e.g. fluid vs crystallised intelligence), composite scores of cognitive function were also created using the method devised by Guralnik et al . Combining measures into a composite score may identify a much higher risk group (i.e. participants doing very badly on all tests), thus allowing us to assess the extremes of cognitive performance, which may be more revealing in a middle-aged population that is generally functioning well. Each cognitive function test score was rescaled to lie between 0 and 1, giving all measures equal weight in the final composite scores (see online Supplement for further details of the rescaling procedure). Participants unable to perform a test were assigned a value of 0. Rescaled cognitive function measures were summed to create normally distributed aggregate cognitive function score with a range of 0 to 6.
Examining associations between LoC and cognitive function
We examined associations of the continuous LoC scores, the categorical LoC measure and the change in LoC measure with the composite measure of overall cognitive function. All associations were examined in the following models: 1) unadjusted, 2) adjusted for educational attainment, head of household social class, ethnicity and age at outcome assessment and 3) additionally adjusting for the previous measure of LoC (except for where change in LoC is the exposure).
Eligibility criteria and missing data
Participants were eligible to be included in analyses if they had data for all variables included in the analyses (i.e. all six cognitive function tests, measures of LoC at mean ages 30 and 48 years and all potential confounders, n=1178). A total of 1779 women were excluded from these analyses due to missing data for one or more of these variables. To investigate potential selection bias due to missing data, we examined whether unadjusted associations were similar in the larger sample of participants with a measure of LoC at the first-time point only (i.e. at mean age 30 years, n=2241).
Firstly, we examined associations of the continuous LoC scores and change in LoC with the six individual cognitive tests, to establish whether LoC (or change in LoC) is particularly strongly associated with certain cognitive domains. Secondly, we considered that exposure to psychosocial adversity (for example, physical or emotional abuse and neglect) in childhood may be a potential confounder of the association between LoC and cognitive function. However, only 79% of participants additionally had a measure of exposure to psychosocial adversity in childhood. Thus, adjusting for this in our main analysis would have greatly reduced our sample size (and thereby statistical power). To examine whether associations were likely to be confounded by exposure to psychosocial adversity, we assessed whether associations between LoC and cognitive function were similar after additional adjustment for psychosocial adversity in the subgroup of participants with data for this variable (n=929). Details of the measure of psychosocial adversity are provided in the online Supplement.
We are extremely grateful to all the families who took part in this study, the midwives for their help in recruiting them, and the whole ALSPAC team, which includes interviewers, computer and laboratory technicians, clerical workers, research scientists, volunteers, managers, receptionists and nurses.
Conflicts of Interest
The authors have no conflict of interests to declare.
The UK Medical Research Council and Wellcome (Grant ref: 102215/2/13/2) and the University of Bristol provide core support for ALSPAC. This publication is the work of the authors and will serve as guarantors for the contents of this paper. A comprehensive list of grants funding is available on the ALSPAC website (http://www.bristol.ac.uk/alspac/external/documents/grant-acknowledgements.pdf). ELA is funded by an MRC fellowship (ref: MR/P014437/1). The research programme on LoC in which JG and SN are involved was specifically funded by a grant from the John Templeton.
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- 31. Gale CR, Martyn CN, Cooper C. Cognitive impairment and mortality in a cohort of elderly people. BMJ. 1996; 312:608–11. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.312.7031.608 [PubMed]
Pavlik VN, de Moraes SA, Szklo M, Knopman DS, Mosley TH
Jr, Hyman DJ. Relation between cognitive function and mortality in middle-aged adults: the atherosclerosis risk in communities study. Am J Epidemiol. 2003; 157:327–34. https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwf209 [PubMed]
- 33. Nowicki S, Iles-Caven Y, Gregory S, Ellis G, Golding J. The Impact of Prenatal Parental Locus of Control on Children’s Psychological Outcomes in Infancy and Early Childhood: A Prospective 5 Year Study. Front Psychol. 2017; 8:546. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00546 [PubMed]
- 34. Golding J, Gregory S, Ellis GL, Iles-Caven Y, Nowicki S. Prenatal Internal Locus of Control Is Positively Associated with Offspring IQ, Mediated through Parenting Behavior, Prenatal Lifestyle and Social Circumstances. Front Psychol. 2017; 8:1429. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01429 [PubMed]
Jr, Duke MP. A Locus of Control Scale for Noncollege as Well as College Adults. J Pers Assess. 1974; 38:136–37. https://doi.org/10.1080/00223891.1974.10119950
- 36. Fraser A, Macdonald-Wallis C, Tilling K, Boyd A, Golding J, Davey Smith G, Henderson J, Macleod J, Molloy L, Ness A, Ring S, Nelson SM, Lawlor DA. Cohort Profile: The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children: ALSPAC mothers cohort. Int J Epidemiol. 2013; 42:97–110. https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dys066 [PubMed]
- 37. Small BJ, Bäckman L. Cognitive correlates of mortality: evidence from a population-based sample of very old adults. Psychol Aging. 1997; 12:309–13. https://doi.org/10.1037/0882-79220.127.116.119 [PubMed]
- 38. Lezak M, Howieson D, Loring D, Hannay H, Fischer J. 2004. Neuropsychological assessment. (New York, US: Oxford Univeristy Press).
- 39. Wechsler D. 1998. Wechsler Memory Scale: Administration and scoring manual. (London: The Psychological Corporation).
- 40. Wechsler D. 1998. WAIS-IIIUK administration and scoring manual. (London: The Psychological Corporation).
- 41. Baddeley A, Emslie H, Nimmo-Smith I. The Spot-the-Word test: a robust estimate of verbal intelligence based on lexical decision. Br J Clin Psychol. 1993; 32:55–65. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8260.1993.tb01027.x [PubMed]
- 42. Guralnik JM, Butterworth S, Wadsworth ME, Kuh D. Childhood socioeconomic status predicts physical functioning a half century later. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2006; 61:694–701. https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/61.7.694 [PubMed]
- 43. Boyd A, Golding J, Macleod J, Lawlor DA, Fraser A, Henderson J, Molloy L, Ness A, Ring S, Davey SG . Cohort Profile: the 'children of the 90s'--the index offspring of the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. J Int J Epidemiol. 2013; 42:111–27. https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dys064 [PubMed]


text:
Veterinary experts are warning about a rare epidemic of canine dog flu spreading in the Chicago area that has sickened more than 1000 dogs and already caused the deaths of five and it hasn’t stopped there.
With such a significant increase in cases of the respiratory illness, the Chicago Park District has posted warnings advising dog owners to keep their pets clear of places where dogs can be in close contact with other dogs. Dogs that socialize at places like parks, day care, boarding, group training classes or groomers are at higher risk for catching the highly contagious condition.
Dr. Anne Cohen, an emergency and critical care specialty veterinarian told ABC News that a canine flu shot exists, but not all dogs need it. And while the two-shot vaccination (spaced three weeks apart) may not ward off the illness altogether, it can reduce the length and severity of the illness. For full protection, Cohen says animals need a booster shot yearly. The vaccination isn’t typically recommended for all dogs, but because of this outbreak it is being recommended for those at high risk, including dogs under 1 year old or older than 7 years, and those with compromised immune systems. The outbreak may take several weeks to subside, and animal experts are encouraging dog owners to take dogs to their veterinarian immediately if they notice any of the symptoms.
The disease starts out similar to kennel cough and can spread through interaction with other dogs. But unlike kennel cough, symptoms of canine influenza can escalate and are much more severe. They include persistent and lingering cough, runny nose, suppressed appetite, lethargy, and depression. The illness is treatable, but the canine influenza vaccination is not immediately effective, so owners must try to keep their dogs out of social situations with other dogs for the time being. Dogs can be contagious even if they are not showing any symptoms.
Out of caution, three area PetsHotels, and several kennels have been closed to help minimize the spread of the illness and sadly Chicago even had to cancel their annual Bark in the Park fundraiser event.
“We are very dependent on it. We are a private agency. We rely on donors,” Dr. Robyn Barbiers, The Anti-Cruelty Society, told ABC7. “People will see we’re doing the right thing. We’re doing the difficult thing. It’s going to hurt us, but we’re doing it for the health of the animals.”
Veterinarians say that canine flu is rarely fatal, but stress that it’s critical to watch your pet and see your veterinarian if your dog shows any symptoms. Being proactive with early treatment can make all of the difference.
Here are a few quick tips to help you protect your furry family members:
1. Avoid social situations like dog parks and kennels. Anywhere your dog could come into contact with other dogs. Remember they don’t have to have symptoms to be contagious.
2. If you come into contact with other dogs wash your hands, clothes and anything that has come into contact with the other dog or dogs. Better to be safe than sorry.
3. Vaccinate your dog.
4. Get educated about the dog flu, how your dog can get it, how to protect your dog and what to do if your dog is showing symptoms.
5. Talk to your veterinarian. If you have any questions or concerns, always consult an expert.


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Welcome to Acura.PartsWebsite.com the quickest most affordable solution to purchasing OEM Acura car parts and accessories. Since the brand's launch in 1986, Acura vehicles have been known as one of the most luxurious Japanese automakers in the world and to this day are highly sought after. Edmunds.com just awarded Acura with the "Best Retained Value Award" for 2016 which recognizes the brands with the highest projected private party residual value five years after their launch! What does that mean for you? It means it pays to keep your Acura running like new and we are here to help.
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Ohio State at Simmons-Harvey Invitational
Dates: Saturday, Jan. 21, 2023
Venue: U-M Indoor Track Building (Ann Arbor, Mich.)
Event: Meet Central | Live Results | Live Stream | Schedule
Rosters: Ohio State women | Ohio State men
COLUMBUS, Ohio – The Ohio State track & field team travels to Ann Arbor for the Simmons-Harvey Invitational on Saturday for the second meet of the indoor season. The Buckeyes will face Michigan, Michigan State and Purdue.
Track and field events are both scheduled to begin at 11 a.m. The meet will be streamed live through the Wolverines website and then shown on BTN on Saturday at 4:30 p.m.
- The Buckeyes competed at the Rod McCravy Memorial last weekend at Kentucky to open the 2023 indoor season.
- Ohio State’s women earned eight wins at the event, including the 4x400m relay, three individual track events and four field events.
- The OSU men won three field events at the Rod McCravy Memorial.
- Hayden Tobias had a personal-best throw of 20.07m to win the shot put competition, a mark that placed him fifth on Ohio State’s all-time list and second in the country.
- Clarence Foote-Talley won the triple jump competition with a 15.98m mark and Reign Winston won the high jump in his collegiate debut with a 2.04m.
- The women completed the sweep in those three events with Lacey Stringer getting her first collegiate win in shot put (15.13m), Jaimie Robinson winning the triple jump (12.73m) and Amaya Ugarte taking the high jump (1.78m).
- Abbey Kuhn won the pole vault title by clearing 3.97m.
- The Buckeye women’s A team won the 4x400m relay (3:34.84) with Alyssa Marsh, Yanique Dayle, Bryannia Murphy and Jaydan Wood making up the relay squad.
- On the track, Nya Bussey won the 60m (7.36), Leah Bertrand won the 200m (24.09) and Aniya Mosley won the 800m (2:11.75).


Furnace Repair Hazleton PA
Just how Poor Installment Could Create Heating system Repair service Troubles
All of these points can conserve you loan on your expenses, yet it’s essential not to cut corners when mounting brand-new systems, specifically heating systems. Doing so can have tragic consequences and is likely to end up costing you a lot more cash for heating system repair in the lengthy run.
Usual Installation Issues that Will certainly Need You to Require Heater Repair Near Me
Every year in the Scarborough as well as Pickering locations, people are required to dig deep for heater repair service solutions, to address problems which could have been prevented in the setup process. If you‘ve been believing it won’t occur to you, you can well wind up joining these people, as that’s just what they all believed, also. By working with expert, professional contractors to install their furnaces, they can have prevented troubles such as:
Dangerous Gas Leaks: If this happens, you will be placing your member of the family’ lives in danger, as well as you will certainly require a prompt heater fixing. Poor links could result in the leakage of carbon monoxide gas. This gas is virtually undetectable to our senses. We can’t smell it or see it. It is extremely harmful as well as kills promptly, particularly when people are sleeping. Additionally, it is flammable as well as can lead to surges and also fires.
Electrical Risks: If you have an electric heating system, you won’t need to handle the threats of carbon monoxide leakages, however that does not suggest you‘re in the clear. Improperly installed electric heating systems have troubles of their own. Damaged circuitry can bring about catastrophic fires, which endanger lives. If the service provider you worked with for the installment was not certified, this might revoke your home insurance coverage, too. Even before a fire bursts out, bad wiring can create you to use more power, causing bigger bills. It deserves selecting heating system repair service solutions prior to it’s too late.
Poor Power Outcome: There are lots of manner ins which inadequate setup could cause a furnace to throw away power. Damaged ductwork connections and also bad securing in between the heater and the air flow shafts can cause heating power to be shed. There are many more ways that an inadequately installed heating system could end up costing you cash, as well.
Various other Concerns: If you have actually been questioning why your furnace is so noisy, spreads out so much dirt, or cycles so frequently, it’s possibly down to bad installment. These problems will not go away by themselves, and would not have occurred in the first place if the heating system had been mounted properly.
Having a heating system installed, nonetheless, it’s definitely not something you want to obtain done on the affordable. You may think you are saving loan currently, but you might in fact be offering your family members the worst present they‘ve ever before had, and also it can finish up costing you much extra than you ever before pictured. To prevent having to invest the winter months in the cool, while waiting for an expensive heating system repair work, do the ideal thing, pick specialist installers.


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Lie down & Listen combines the pure sound of Tibetan bowl in a “lying down” piano concert experience.
Pianist Christina McMaster moves fluidly between improvisation and new music composition. As you lie down prepare to allow your perspective and perception to widen - following a listening path of curiosity and creativity.
Mattresses and cushions provided. Bring your own blankets and it’s recommended to wear a few layers to keep warm.


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Poetry. "ENTANGLED BANK opens with a set of five line poems dedicated to the 'beauty' of various poets, a nuanced and generous version of Joseph Kaplan's infamous KILL LIST, and concludes with a wrenchingly honest prose piece on Sherry's correspondence with the late poet Stacy Doris on the limits of empathy. Between these gestures towards a troubled yet significant human connection, Sherry places poems in a variety of styles, as if styles were species in an ecosystem, a veritable 'entangled bank.' Often he writes with scathing wit on the degradation of the environment and the fraudulence of the financial system. One line admonishes, 'Wake up, this is about you.' And it is. You're going to want it." — Rae Armantrout
"Taking his theme from Darwin's 'entangled bank,' James Sherry pries open present life on the planet to reveal a tangled flow of vegetation, money, politics, beauty, selves, distributed networks, fish, nation states, death and friendship. 'Couching nature as bundles and linkages,' he does not side–step the perils of hybridity but dives in head first: 'Tamales of Sparta rolled global.' A dazzling display of formal invention leads up to an intimate, brutally candid chronicle of friendship and illness that is as clear-headed as it is passionate. And how can you not love a poem called 'Memoir' that begins, 'Dawn again / Fuck!'" — Kit Robinson
James Sherry is the author of eleven previous books of poetry and prose, most recently ENTANGLED BANK (Chax Press, 2016) and OOPS! ENVIRONMENTAL POETICS (BlazeVox Books, 2013). He is publisher of Roof Books and started the Segue Foundation, Inc., a multi–arts producer, in 1977 in New York City.
Author City: NEW YORK, NY USA


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About this product
- DescriptionThis book explores the concept of antiquarianism and recasts its role for a new generation. The term antiquarianism refers to engagement with the material heritage of the past - an engagement that preceded the modern academic discipline of archaeology. Antiquarian activities result in the elaboration of particular social behaviours and the production of tools for exploring the collective memory. This book is the first to compare antiquarianism in a global context, examining its roots in the ancient Near East, it's flourishing in early modern Europe and East Asia, and its manifestations in n-literate societies of Melanesia and Polynesia. By establishing wide-reaching geographical and historical perspectives, the essays reveal the universality of antiquarianism as a manifestation of the human mind and open new avenues for understanding the representation of the past, from ancient societies to the present.
- Author BiographyAlain Schnapp is professor of classical archaeology at the Universite Paris I-Pantheon-Sorbonne and director of the Institut d'etudes avancees (IEA-Paris).
- Author(s)Alain Schnapp
- PublisherGetty Trust Publications
- Date of Publication27/12/2013
- Place of PublicationLos Angeles
- Country of PublicationUnited States
- ImprintGetty Publications
- Content Note23 colour & 81 b&w illustrations
- Weight1346 g
- Width179 mm
- Height252 mm
- Spine30 mm
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domain: history


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Evening and weekend appointments available!
If you need concierge speech therapy or accent modification, email about to inquire about travel distances and rates.
Video-conferencing sessions are available throughout the state of Illinois. (Click here to learn more about telehealth sessions).
9:00am - 7:00pm Saturday
12:00pm - 4:30pm Sunday


GM20 Gear DC Motor - 41 * 20 * 20mm / 4mm Output Shaft
These brushed DC gear motors are available in three different gear ratios. They are made with high torque; enabling them to provide great power at good speed.
Motor body length: 25.1mm
Gear box length: 15.9 / 17.2 / 18.6mm
Output shaft length: 11mm
Output shaft diameter: 4mm
|Gear Ratio||L(mm)||Free-run Speed@6V(rpm)||Free-run current@6V(mA)||Stall torque@6V(kg.cm)||Stall current@6V(A)|


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As I was reading this article on A-Rod’s suspension in the Los Angeles Times, I saw a quick highlight of the 60 Minutes special on the Biogenesis founder who spoke convincingly on A-Rod’s guilt. Anthony Bosch basically said that not only did he sell A-Rod several performance enhancing drugs but he also injected them into A-Rod himself on multiple occasions. With each phase of this sad saga A-Rod sounds more and more like Lance Armstrong who lied and denied until the evidence became overwhelming or Roger Clemens who got off legally but looked horrendous in the process. It’s disheartening to watch.
When there’s so much money, fame, and success riding on one’s performance, the incentives to cheat are high. The problem of course is that non cheaters are at a disadvantage when so many around them are cheating. MLB seems to be doing a reasonable job of handing this lately but the cheaters still seem to hold a lot of the records (Bonds, Mcquire, Sosa, etc…). I find this problematic. It makes it almost seem as if they got away with it and clearly some did.
Sometimes in life it pays to be suspicious. When something seems to be too good to be true it often is. This is not negative – it’s just helpful to have a little healthy skepticism when it comes to success in life and business. So the next time your gut tells you not to believe something or someone, you might want to listen!

domain: psychology


News came yesterday that influential Scottish indie-pop band The Vaselines will release a new album, Sex With An X, on September 14th via Sub Pop. Unbelievably, it’s only their second full-length. Their debut, Dum Dum, was released in 1989.
The new album will feature the band’s core duo of Eugene Kelly and Frances McKee, with additional help from Belle and Sebastian‘s Stevie Jackson and Bob Kildea on guitar and bass respectively, and Michael McGaughrin from the band 1990s on drums.
The Vaselines are, of course, best known for having one very famous and very influential fan in Kurt Cobain. Over the course of their career Nirvana covered three Vaselines songs: “Molly’s Lips” and “Son of a Gun” appeared on Incesticide, while a really wonderful version of “Jesus Don’t Want Me for a Sunbeam” was on the MTV Unplugged album.


As you might know, Naughty Dog added an acoustic guitar mini-game in The Last of Us: Part II, which quickly became a huge hit with the community. We've already seen gamers play all kinds of songs from all kinds of genres.
Of course, there are also several musicians who like a good (great, even) video game, who wanted to try their luck with Ellie's guitar - and one of them is Mark Hoppus from the always catchy Blink-182. He has his own Twitch account, and there he decided to play the classic Blink-182 song Dammit (their first major hit ever, also famous for being notoriously hard to play on drums in Rock Band).
You can check the result over here. It's actually really charming, and you can tell it's been a while since Blink-182 toured the world because of the corona-pandemic as Hoppus doesn't seem to be entirely sure how the lyrics go anymore.


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The XXVIth Diploma in Diplomacy and World Affairs course was inaugurated on Wednesday 15th June, 2022 at the BIDTI. Amidst a series of virtual sessions continuing for the XXIV and the XXV Diploma courses, the inaugural session for the XXVIth Diploma course was held physically with the presence of approximately 40 participants, whilst simultaneously connecting virtually others taking part from remote areas.
Upon viewing a documentary of the institute, Director General, Amb. Pamela J. Deen addressed participants giving an insight of the course and how best participants could take advantage of it.
The session was followed by lecture on ‘the Introduction to Diplomacy’ delivered by Dr. George I. H. Cooke, a Diplomatic Historian and Strategist as well as initiator of the Awarelogue Initiative.
An Alumus of the BIDTI, Dr. Cooke took this occasion to present a copy of his latest publication ’Buddhist Diplomacy: Sri Lanka Thailand Relations’ to the library of the BIDTI.


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JV Chargers off to 3-1-1 start
|Members of the 2014 Middlesex High School junior varsity football team are, front row from left, Cameron Morgan, Ziare Keyser, Logan Snyder, Carlos Marshall, Dylan Wells, Elijah Darnell, Stefon Coleman and Cameron Wells; middle row, Deandre’ Jessie, K.J. Brooks, Thomas Hamilton III, Demetre South, Leke Robinson, Thomas Diggs and Jerry Lindsey; and back row, Kevin Horton, Jeffrey Jones, Deaudre’ Briggs, Tyler Radabaugh, Andres Rowe and Justin Thompson. Team members not in the photo are Isaiah Burse and Ryan Smith. The team is off to a 3-1-1 start and is coached by head coach Aaron Dodge and assistant coaches Zach Belcher, Bob Boxley, Jack Callis and Justin Mott. (Photo by Tom Chillemi)|
The Middlesex High School junior varsity football team has jumped out to one of its best starts in years. The JVs have a 3-1-1 record and is a game behind King William in the chase for the Conference 42 title. The title will most likely be determined Monday, October 20, at 6:30 p.m. when the Chargers travel to King William to take on the Cavaliers.
The JV Chargers’ only loss came in the first game of the season on September 3, 16-6 at Mathews. Cameron Wells scored the Chargers’ only touchdown in the game on a quarterback run. At that point the score was 8-6 with three minutes left in the game when a Mathews defensive back intercepted a pass to generate another score for the Blue Devils.
The Chargers’ second game of the season on September 10 was against Rappahannock. MHS tied the Indians 14-14 on the Raiders’ home field. Middlesex’s first touchdown came on a slant pass from Wells to Stefon Coleman. The second touchdown came in the last seconds of the game when Wells scored on a run.
The first MHS win of the season was 18-12 over Lancaster on the Red Devils home field on September 17. Wells scored first for MHS on a 2-yard run. Demetre South then scored on a 40-yard pass play from Wells. The final touchdown came with 3.6 seconds left in the game when Elijah Darnell intercepted a pass and ran it back 30 yards for the winning score.
The Chargers second win came against Northampton when MHS defeated the Eastern Shore rival, 8-6. Wells scored on a rushing touchdown and on a 2-point conversion for the win.
In their most recent game on October 6, MHS defeated West Point, 34-6. In that game, Wells hit South for a 50-yard touchdown to start the scoring. The second touchdown came on a screen pass from Wells to Thomas Diggs, and the third TD came when Wells scored after Coleman intercepted a pass and ran it to the Chargers one yard line.
Middlesex had a game against Northumberland rained out, and Charles City forfeited as it no longer has a team. The Chargers record is 3-1-1 as Coach Dodge said the forfeit should not be part of his team’s record.
After the King William game on October 20, MHS will play King and Queen at home on Monday, October 27, at 6:30 p.m.


"My cats are angels", "they are harmless", "they don'tbother wildlife", and "they don't use the neighbor’s garden as a litter box". These are common remarks people have for their cats, and unfortunately in most cases, at least one the claims is untrue. The only way to ensure your cats are not killing songbirds and defecating in the neighbors raised garden beds is to keep them indoors.
Currently domestic cats are a topic of discussion in Missoula where I live. Although the city ordinance addressing nuisance cats is largely ineffectual, recent discussion has served to bring up conservation and quality of life issues related to free-ranging cats.
Domestic cats that are allowed to roam outside can be a nuisance to neighbors, live shorter, unhealthier lives, and are a threat to wildlife.
There is a misconception that cats must be allowed to hunt and roam free, and any alternative would be cruel to them. Cats are pets and family members to their owners, but to someone other than the owner they can be a nuisance. It is true that not everyone's cat kills birds. Some are inept hunters (I used a have two cats that would run in horror at the sight of a mouse in our house and were traumatized by birds in our backyard), but in a suburban or urban setting, cats can be a real problem. Because of this, our cats do not go outside.
What makes a pet a nuisance?
I think anytime one enters my yard without permission.
People need to recognize that once their cats leave their own home or yard they can be a pest, regardless of whether or not they kill an endangered bird. For example, my neighbor's cat uses the area near my backdoor as a litterbox and the stench is so strong behind my house, it is disgusting to use my backdoor. Furthermore, because of our landscaping, neighbors' cats hunt in our yard. Last fall I saw someone's pet cat kill a flicker.
Indoor cats live longer, healthier lives.
Although the actual numbers vary between studies, an indoor cat lives an average of twelve years, whereas an outdoor cat’s life expectancy is less than five. Apart from the risk of getting hit by a car or killed by a predator (including a neighbor's dog), cats that spend time outside are exposed to a variety of diseases including leukemia, immunodeficiency virus, and rabies.
Pet longevity and general health are reasons enough to keep cats indoors. But as someone that keeps his cats inside, the issue for me is the cumulative effect of all the cats outside on wildlife and what I call neighbor's quality of life.
Conservation problems stemming from cats are not limited to unaltered, feral cats. Spayed or neutered domestic cats are having an enormous, detrimental effect on wildlife in this country. Many have heard the staggering statistics, including:
- Cats kill an estimated 39 million birds/ state/ year
- Nationally cats kill over a billion small mammals/ year (these figures do include mice, rats, and other "pests")
- With the exception of habitat loss, globally, cats are the single biggest cause of the extinction, local population extirpation, and decline of bird species
- Although results from several studies range widely, a individual cat can kill over 1,000 wild animals per year
- Only 1 out of 10 free-roamuing rural cats did not kill wildlife in a series of studies
- Cats effect native predators. Because they can occur in high densities, and are supported by hosts (people) cats can reduce the availability of prey for animals ranging from hawks to weasels
- Free-ranging domestic cats also transmit diseases to wild animals creating huge conservation issues. Domestic cats have spread feline leukemia to mountain lions and recently infected the endangered Florida panther with domestic diseases.
What can you do?
Keep your cat indoors. Two common strategies declawing or using bells, just don't work. Many declawed cats are still effective hunters, can still climb trees and it is just not a nice thing to do to a cat- especially an outdoor cat. De-clawed cats that are allowed to go outside are at a greater risk of being injured or killed by other animals. Bells are even less effective. Many cats learn how to stalk without making the bell ring, they can get out of their collars, and even if the bell rings, that is often the last sound a bird will hear. If cats must be allowed outdoors, consider using some sort of raceway or fenced enclsure. If you let your cats roam outside, talk to your neighbors, and see how they feel about it- they are likely affected by your decisions.