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|Keywords:||Bitcoin; email; micro-transaction; Natural Sciences; Computer and Information Science; Computer Science; Naturvetenskap; Data- och informationsvetenskap; Datavetenskap (datalogi); Computer science; Datavetenskap|
|Full text PDF:||http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-124383|
Bitcoin is a cryptocurrency that has been the focus of a lot of discussions lately and has attracted a large number of users. Its offers many possibilities for cheap transactions and unregulated finances which has been realized in numerous sites and applications on the web and in mobile phones. One medium that seem to have been neglected when it comes to Bitcoins development is email. This is curious since Bitcoin by its nature seem to have many properties that would work well with texted messages. The purpose of this study it to analyze the current papers about Bitcoin to find the current status of email based Bitcoin services, and try to analyze if email as a tool is a suitable medium to be used with Bitcoin. This analyze is done through a systematic literature review of current papers, followed by an examination of past and current Bitcoin companies that has used email as part of their service. In the end the results suggested that the low security in email, and the apparent lack of services that would benefit from an email based Bitcoin service suggest that a service like that would be hard to develop today and not very useful to the public.

domain: finance


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Covid-19: Don’t use our emblem on face masks, says ANC
Johannesburg - The ANC has called on people not to use its emblem in a bid to reap profits from the Covid-19 pandemic.
The ruling party said this while expressing outrage that some manufacturers were using its emblem when manufacturing protective masks that were being sold to the public.
In a stern warning issued on Wednesday, the party’s deputy secretary-general, Jessie Duarte, said: “It has come to the attention of the ANC that there are some private sector individuals who are producing face masks with the emblem of the ANC on them.
“There are also individuals who are making masks for themselves out of used ANC T-shirts. We are making an appeal to those members of the private sector not to abuse the ANC’s emblem. We are also asking the membership of the ANC to understand that Covid-19 affects everyone, irrespective of which political party you may belong to. We cannot be selling masks that have political party emblems on them and hoping that people will support the private sector in this regard,” Duarte said.
She added that this private sector opportunism flew in the face of the unity that was being forged by the country in the fight against Covid-19.
Reports indicate that masks with the party’s emblem have already hit the streets of Johannesburg, Durban and Pietermaritzburg for around R150 a mask.
However, the DA said it had no qualms with members using their logo to produce masks that could help the public during the pandemic.
The party’s spokesperson, Solly Malatsi, said: “As the party we are of course aware of the face masks bearing the party’s logo.
“It is important to establish that those masks were made by colleagues in Mpumalanga and the Eastern Cape who were acting out of their own goodwill to make masks using party material because they simply wanted to assist people in their constituencies and families and communities, particularly those individuals who do not have the resources to procure or make their own masks.
“It’s important that individuals who have taken it upon themselves to volunteer their resources to help those in need are encouraged to do so, because ultimately the most important thing during this time is to make sure that we save lives and we save livelihoods.”
The EFF, which had its logo not only on masks but also on hand sanitisers, did not respond when asked whether products carried their emblem with the blessing of the party and whether they would be freely available to all during the pandemic.

domain: sociology


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Bijay Kant Dubey
The Indian Babas And Their Sex Scandals - Poem by Bijay Kant Dubey
The Indian bababs and their sex scandals
And with these fraud instructors,
Yoga turning into bhoga.
Poses and postures for a healthy mind in a healthy body
Be not manoeuvred otherwise,
Yoga is not sex,
A meeting of the mind and the heart
Rising in unison to the heights higher.
Comments about The Indian Babas And Their Sex Scandals by Bijay Kant Dubey
Read this poem in other languages
This poem has not been translated into any other language yet.

domain: library


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From best-selling author Jacqueline Wilson, the tale of plucky Hetty Feather is brought to stage by award-winning script writer Emma Reeves (CBBC’s Hetty Feather, The Story of Tracy Beaker, Eve) and the Olivier Award nominated director Sally Cookson, whose critically-acclaimed production of Jane Eyre seen at the Bristol Old Vic will be revived at the National Theatre this Autumn. Featuring a musical score by Benji Bower, thrilling aerial and circus skills and a huge heart, Hetty Feather is the must-see show for this summer.
Following its sell-out 2014 run in London’s West End and a 2015 Olivier Award nomination for Best Family and Entertainment, Hetty Feather returns to the West End for a smashing summer season of 40 performances.
★★★★★ 'Wilson’s plot makes a strong case for the power of invention and the magic of storytelling... both of which it delivers on spectacularly' The Independent
Hetty Feather tickets onsale Friday 20th March.

domain: artistic


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Title: Glass Slipper Scandal
Author: Tansy Rayner Roberts
Genre: Fairytale retelling
I love Tansy’s short fiction and this story is no exception, it has just been so much fun! Glass Slipper Scandal is part of Tansy’s Sheep Might Fly! podcast (which is wonderful – go subscribe. It is always first on my list of things to listen to when it is out), so it is a serial story, which I do not mind at all. The short bits are so much easier to fit into my life than full hour story podcasts, that I just rarely have the time/headspace for.
Continue reading Glass Slipper Scandal
Title: A Stranger in Olondria
Author: Sofia Samatar
Genre: Second world fantasy, travel novel
I was a stranger in Olondria, I knew nothing of the splendor of its coasts, nor of Bain, the Harbor City, whose light and colors spill into the ocean like a cataract of roses.
Continue reading A Stranger in Olondria
Author: Mishell Baker
Genre: Urban fantasy, fay
It was midmorning on a Monday when magic walked into my life wearing a beige Ann Taylor suit and sensible flats.
Continue reading Borderline
Title: The Buried Life
Author: Carrie Patel
Genre: Steampunk, political thriller
In a firelit study half a mile underground, Professor Werner Thomas Cahill sweated and reddened under a councilor’s beady stare.
Continue reading The Buried Life
Title: Every Heart a Doorway
Author: Seanan McGuire
Genre: Contemporary fantasy, metafiction, portal fantasy
The girls were never present for the entrance interviews.
Continue reading Every Heart a Doorway
Steampunk does not always have the best rep, but when it is done well it is often immensely enjoyable and fun. Because steampunk is set in a pseudo-victorian era setting there are some rather problematic elements of that society, but can be left unexamined in the fiction. Some steampunk choose to deal with this, some do not – and sometimes it fits the story to do and sometimes it does not. This list has books of both persuasions. At least some of the books here takes a hard look at the class, gender, sexuality and race issues of the era. But mostly they are just good stories, that I want you to enjoy as well. Continue reading 7 steampunk stories worth reading


Amigo® Bravo 12 XL Hood (150g Light)Add to Wish List
Keeping your big horse warm in colder weather is easy with the Amigo® Bravo 12 XL Hood (150g Light), created to partner with your trusted Amigo Bravo 12 XL turnout rug. The same unbeatable performance, materials and good looks as your reliable turnout rug, in a contoured detachable neck cover, cut to complement your big horse.
The easy-to-use detachable hood features a robust, breathable and waterproof 1200D Polyester Outer Shell with silky-feel lining and 150g of technical Thermobonded fibrefill to keep your large horse warmer for longer.
This invaluable rug accessory will help protect your larger horse comfortably in unpredictable weather and become a rug staple you will both enjoy for many more years to come.
Material and Care
1200D Polyester waterproof and breathable outer.
Fiberfill in the 150g Hood.
- We would suggest that you have your turnout hoods professionally cleaned.
- Ensure all velcro is closed and clips/straps are attached prior to washing.
- Line Dry Only / Air dry only away from a heat source.
- Once dry, fold neatly into a breathable storage bag.
- Store in a cool, dry place away from any moisture or damp areas, avoiding excessive heat and UV exposure.
- Your turnout packaging can be used as an excellent bag for multiple purposes such as an equestrian gear bag.
All Horseware Ireland products are designed and manufactured at the highest quality standards and come with a 2 year warranty if deemed faulty at the point of purchase.
Shipping & Returns
|Storage Instructions|| |


CT-999RF Manual Pipe Tube Bender Set Heavy Duty Copper Pipe Aluminum wheel. This soft copper pipe bending machine CT-999RF is a new 90 degree multi-function brass pipe bending machine frozen repairman. Designed for small diameters, it is suitable for air conditioning, refrigeration, environmental control, fuel supply, automotive, hydraulic and pneumatic systems, saving the cost of purchasing spare pipe fittings. Mechanical ratchet for fast and precise bending, ergonomic design for one-hand operation, compact design for bending in confined spaces. Applicable to bathroom, heating, air conditioning, refrigeration, hydraulic zone, also used for DINENl057 standard steel pipe, recovery fire pipe, pressure fitting system pipe.
Applicable to 10MM (0.375") to 22MM (0.86") hoses with coated hoses. It can also be used for multilayer tubes up to 26MM (1''). Material: Aluminum wheel Bending Former (inch): 3 / 8'' 1 / 2'' 5 / 8'' 3 / 4'' 7 / 8'' Bending former (mm): 10, 12, 16, 19, 22 The thickness of the bendable wall is (mm): 0.4mm Maximum angle of the elbow: 90° Packing size: 42368cm Product weight: 4.7kg. 1 x 10-22MM CT-999RF manual soft copper pipe bending machine. Feedback is very important to us.It is impossible to address issues if we do not know about them! Faction is our ultimate goal. We work hard to earn your trust and future business.
A If you receive a defective item, you may return it or ask for a discount. Due to time zones, our reply to your questions may not be immediately. If it's non-workdays, please kindly be patient and wait till Monday.
The item "90° Multi Copper Pipe Bender WithTube Cutter 10-22mm Copper Machine Aluminum" is in sale since Wednesday, July 10, 2019. This item is in the category "Business & Industrial\Light Equipment & Tools\Pipe Tools\Pipe Benders". The seller is "besttool888" and is located in Rowland Heights, California. This item can be shipped to United States.


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James Bond 007 logo Sterling Silver Pendant 0.925
This James Bond 007 Gun Symbol was cut and carve completely by hand from sterling silver (no lasers!)
Metal: 925 Sterling Silver ( Made also by myself)
Dimensions: 1/2 inch Length, 1 1/2 Height, 3.8 Grams, and 1.69mm in thickness
Finish: relatively shiny
Quantity: this listing is for 1 pendant; please contact me for other quantities.

domain: design


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One of the do’s and don’ts I’ve sometimes heard at romance writers’ conferences is to avoid social and political issues (“no saving the whales”). I understand the reasoning. Authors and publishers don’t want to alienate potential readers with controversial issues. And in a romance, the love story should be central.
On the other hand, if we write about characters who are interesting and well-rounded, their views and passions are going to creep into the story, and sometimes that includes social issues.
In coming up with the idea for LADY DEARING’S MASQUERADE, I started with the heroine, Livvy. She appeared briefly in a novella I’d written earlier, so I knew she was a childless, wealthy widow with a bad reputation and no desire to remarry. But when I started to think about her, I learned that she really wanted children. So it was natural for her to become involved with London’s Foundling Hospital.
The Foundling Hospital was founded in 1739 by Thomas Coram, who was appalled by the plight of abandoned children in London. The Hospital raised the children, provided a basic education and helped them find jobs. (Today, the Coram foundation continues to serve vulnerable children.) The Hospital took in foundlings but also had days during which mothers brought babies to the Hospital, generally because they could not afford to care for them. As there were always more babies than the Hospital could take in, admission was by lottery. The mothers who “won” cried as bitterly as those who “lost”. As a mother, I choke up whenever I think of this. Tokens (trinkets or scraps of fabric) were left with the children to aid in identification. Sometimes, though not often, parents were able to reclaim their children.
Strange as it may seem, the Foundling Hospital was controversial. Some people of the upper classes said it was immoral to succor children who were likely to have been born out of wedlock. I find this ironic, because many of the mothers bringing babies to the Hospital were servants who’d been impregnated by “gentlemen” of the households in which they served and in consequence, either lost their jobs or were in danger of losing their jobs.
While I was writing this book, I worried about the mix of elements. Could a story deal with such weighty issues and still be romantic and sexy? But in the end, I think I pulled it off, and I’m happy to be giving the story a new life in e-book form.
What do you think about social issues in romance novels? Should authors avoid them, or are there ways to make it work? Do you have any favorite romance novels that feature characters who feel passionately about some cause?
From comments on this post, I’ll draw five names to receive a Kindle edition of LADY DEARING’S MASQUERADE. If you win, you can also suggest a friend who will receive one as well. You can comment through Friday (one entry per person) and I’ll announce the winners next Saturday.
The Word Wenches recently discussed the appeal of the Regency, touching on the popularity of “Regencyland” or “Prinnyworld” as a lovely escape from 21st century stresses.
Which it is. If I’m pampering a wretched cold or for any other reason looking for a light and/or comforting read, I’ll reach for a Georgette Heyer (stories like FREDERICA or COTILLION), a cozy trad, or a sexy Regency-set historical romp.
But that post also made me think about a comment from one of my CPs on a draft of LADY DEARING’S MASQUERADE. Much of the plot revolves around London’s Foundling Hospital, pictured above. (There’s a great book on the subject called CORAM’S CHILDREN by Ruth K. McClure). Anyway, I wrote about the fate of unwanted children in Regency London, how they might be abandoned in parks to die of exposure or cast into the Thames. My CP noted that this was very sad; her way, possibly, of making me consider whether I wanted to include such grisly facts.
I pondered it a while. I know many readers want to escape into a lush Regency where nothing worse happens than maybe expulsion from Almack’s. But for this story, I wanted to show the stakes, for the foundlings who appear in the book and for the hero and heroine who care about them. I decided to not pull my punches and left that bit in.
I also included other facts I learned in the course of researching the book that I found interesting and yes, heart-wrenching, such as how many of the children were born to servant girls impregnated and abandoned by their masters or their sons, the real rakes of the Regency, unlike the charming scoundrels many of us write (I’ve written them too). I wrote about how the Foundling Hospital, for lack of room, turned away 1 in 5 infants brought to them. I used the fact that mothers left tokens behind to help them reclaim their children if they were ever in a position to care for them.
As I was writing, I kept worrying that I was going too deep into harsh reality. But that’s where this story took me. I’ve written lighter Regencies, too, like THE REDWYCK CHARM. As far as reading tastes go, it depends on my mood. I enjoy excursions into “Prinnyworld” where I can enjoy gorgeous clothes, beautiful settings, witty dialogue. But I also appreciate authors who have gone for some gritty reality. Mary Balogh and Carla Kelly come to mind. I like seeing Regency romance push some of these boundaries. Lots of interesting areas to explore: the Napoleonic Wars, the Luddites, etc…
What do you think? Does reality spoil the Regency experience for you? How real is too real? If you like the boundaries pushed, where?
LADY DEARING’S MASQUERADE, RT Reviewers’ Choice Award for Best Regency of 2005
Elena grew up reading her mother’s favorite Regencies, and after being sent on an international assignment to England she could no longer resist the urge to write her own. Her stories have won the National Readers’ Choice Award, the Golden Quill and the Award of Excellence. Learn more at http://www.elenagreene.com/
Praise for LADY DEARING’s MASQUERADE!
“LADY DEARING’S MASQUERADE could have been a dark, depressing story considering its many tragedies: orphaned foundlings, throwaway babies, malicious gossip, years of abuse. But it’s a tribute to Elena Greene that the story is poignant, and the admirable way in which Jeremy and Livvy deal with their trials endears them to readers and will have you rooting for them to unite.” — Romantic Times Bookclub
4 1/2 Stars, TOP PICK!
“The characters of this remarkable tale sparkle with sensitivity, wit, humor, and a genuine quality that will make them stand out in readers’ minds long after the last page is turned… For a story that is sure to stoke the romantic fires burning in every Regency fan, be sure not to miss LADY DEARING’S MASQUERADE.” — Edith Morrison, for Romance Reviews Today Read the review
“This was a very well written novel, with great characters and a terrific (and plausible) plot… I’ll definitely be looking for more books by Elena Greene.” — Lynn Lamy, for Rakehell Reviews Read the review
Q. How did you think of writing this particular book? Did it start with a character, a setting, or some other element?
It started with Livvy (Lady Dearing), who appeared in “The Wedding Wager”, a novella I wrote a few years ago. She helped the couple in that story get together, but said she did not want a romance for herself. An irresistible challenge! At the time I knew that her first marriage had been bad, but it wasn’t until I got well into writing the story that I figured out just how bad. So somehow a minor character from a story that was short, fun and fluffy now stars in the longest and most angsty book I’ve written to date.
Q. How long did it take? Was this an easy or difficult book to write?
This book took about 10 months and 6 drafts (as opposed to my usual 4), and as Jennifer Crusie says of her own work, “there’s blood on every page.” It’s not only a longer story (about 90,000 words as opposed to the more typical 65-75,000 for a standard-length Regency), but I was also dealing with more serious issues than I’ve ever written into a book before and frankly I was plagued with self-doubts.
Several other things complicated the progress of the story. When I first suggested it to my editor, we both thought it was going to be a standard-length Regency. But once I’d gotten about 100 pages into the first draft, I knew it was a bigger story. Since it was not yet contracted, she agreed to make it a Super Regency, but a while later, after I’d completed the first draft, I was told they wanted to discontinue Supers and asked if I could cut it back. By that point I’d gone so deep into the story it would have required major surgery to do it, so I was relieved when my editor went to bat for me and it was kept a Super Regency. And then there was some confusion about pub dates, which meant I half-killed myself to complete the story earlier than it needed to be. I felt I hadn’t done my best work, cried all the way back from the post office before diving into some Ben & Jerry’s. So it was a relief to learn there was time for revisions, which were pretty extensive.
It just proves that even with a conscientious author and a very nice, very supportive editor, things can go wrong. But it’s over now, and I’m very proud of my “problem child”.
Q. Tell me more about your characters. What or who inspired them?
I already talked about Livvy, my starting point for the story. When I brought Jeremy into being, I wanted him to be both the best and worst thing that could happen to her. So I made him ultra-respectable (as a foil to her notoriety) but also extremely kind. I think of him as the sort of character Colin Firth often plays: gentlemanly, honorable but with a simmering restrained passion. I wish the guy on the cover looked more like Firth, since that’s who I had pictured in my mind (and what I put in my suggestions to the art department).
Q. Did you run across anything new and unusual while researching this book?
London’s Foundling Hospital figures heavily in the book. When I researched the Hospital (making use of an excellent book titled CORAM’S CHILDREN, by Ruth McClure), I learned that Regency society’s attitude toward foundling children was much less sympathetic, on average, than our own. Foundlings were usually the result of illicit unions and many believed that children born in sin were prone to evil and unworthy of aid. This prejudice tied in thematically with society’ misjudgment of my heroine, Livvy, though perhaps I shouldn’t mention that. I’m not sure I want readers to know there are themes here, it sounds so literary!
The other main area of my research was in women’s reproductive health. Regency medicine had some frightening ways of dealing with any difficulties with conception and pregnancy, including a “lowering regimen” (a diet which would have limited a woman’s intake of calcium and iron) and bloodletting. Overall, the course of treatment seemed design to weaken women, at a time in history when the Victorian ideal of submissive, proper womanhood was beginning to form. So another theme in the book was Livvy’s struggle to maintain her integrity against the men who tried to control her. Here again, I hope that it came through naturally in the story!
Q. What do you think is the greatest creative risk you’ve taken in this book? How do you feel about it?
Even though writers like Mary Balogh were doing sex in Regencies way before I even started writing, some readers still object to it. But I knew I was going to take that risk when I started, because I knew this story would have to go that way and the ellipsis (…) just wasn’t going to have the same emotional power. And much less fun to write! 🙂
I also dealt with several of the harsh realities of Regency England–the fact that husbands had nearly complete power over their wives, and the grim situation of unwanted children. I felt that softening these things would have weakened the story, but I’m bracing myself for the reactions of readers who like their Regencies “cozy”. (Not that I have anything against “cozy” Regencies! I’ve written a few of them myself. This just isn’t one.)
The scenes that felt the most risky to me were the flashbacks into Livvy’s first marriage.
Q. Is there anything you wanted to include in the book that you (or your CPs or editor) felt was too controversial and left out?
Actually, no. I took lots of wrong turns in the process of bashing this manuscript into shape, but I don’t miss any of the deletions. I’m also very grateful to my editor for not making me take anything out.
Q. Lady Dearing is a widow with a scandal attached to her name; you’ve also written about young, virtuous debutantes. Which is your favorite kind of heroine to write about?
I don’t have a favorite in terms of age, marital status, etc… But one thing my heroines all have in common is that they are seeking something. Some readers have called my heroines selfish, but I think they’re just real women trying to come into their strength. They make all sorts of mistakes, but they won’t be passive Cinderellas waiting for someone to rescue them.
Q. As a mother yourself, you know romance and kids don’t always go together. How was it writing a romance involving children? Is there any author you feel does it particularly well?
Wow, good question! You may have hit on the riskiest element in this story–a plot that revolves around children and sex. There are a couple of reasons why that mix can be dodgy. I think some people are uncomfortable with the innocence of children and adult passion in the same book. As if sex and parenthood were not somehow connected! The other reason is that, well, obviously, the pressures of parenthood can play havoc with one’s sex life. Anyone who’s had an attempt at lovemaking interrupted multiple times by a crying child knows what I’m talking about.
But I like to show my heroines experiencing (or at least looking forward to) a life that includes passion and children. And by the end of any romance, I want to feel the h/h are so deeply devoted that they will keep things hot whatever life throws their way. Otherwise he could just go running back to his mistress, right? Of course, if Livvy and Jeremy feel the need for a brief getaway to London, they’ve got a governess and the rest of their household staff to keep the kiddos in order!
As for romances involving children, I have to say I’ve read too many that didn’t work for me at all. Sometimes the kids are just cute props: cherubic Victorian-greeting-card children rather than flesh-and-blood kids who may be cute, but also fight, make messes and pick their noses at inappropriate moments! And some authors don’t seem to “get” motherhood. If a heroine is searching for her kidnapped child, is she really going to be checking out every hunk she meets along the way?
But some authors do combine children and romance in a way that works. Between my own kids and writing, I don’t get as much time to read as I’d like, so I’m sure I’m missing many! But the books I’ve read by Susan Elizabeth Phillips had very realistic children. But then all her characterizations are strong. I’ll also add a word about my blog buddy, Janet Mullany. Her debut book, DEDICATION, deals with issues of parenthood and even grandparenthood, in a realistic and touching manner. And the sex is pretty hot, too!
Q. What are you working on now?
I’m working on a Regency historical romance, and the hero is neither a duke nor a spy. Sorry, but I’m not ready to say much more yet. My first drafts resemble my final books about as closely as a newly fertilized egg cell resembles a bouncing, cuddly baby. At this point the idea might just sound stupid. That would be bad. 🙂
Thanks for interviewing me!


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Continuing from Part 1, in this tutorial I demonstrate how I solved the multiple UV set issue and show how I use the Substance Painter Live Link workflow between Cinema 4D Redshift and Substance Painter.
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domain: hobby


The Ministry of Finance on Monday approved a series of Welfare measures for the benefit of Agents and employees of Life Insurance Corporation (LIC) of India.
The following Welfare measures were approved by the Ministry of Finance:
Enhancement of Gratuity: The maximum amount payable to Agents has been increased to Rs. 5,00,000/- now.
Eligibility for Renewal Commissions: As per the new provisions Reappointed LIC Agents are eligible to receive Renewal Commission.
Enhanced Term Insurance Cover: The quantum of Free Term Insurance payable to agents has been increased up to Rs.1,50,000/-.
Family Pension: Family Pension at a uniform rate of 30 per cent for welfare of families of LIC employees.
Siddhartha Mohanty, Chairperson, LIC of India thanks the Honorable Finance Minister for extending the benefits of Agents and employees of Life Insurance Corporation of India. This move will boost the morale of LIC employees and agents of the Corporation.


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Please select your check-in date using the calendar below.
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Earn free nights or flights with Super 8 ®
Book a room at our AAA-approved Super 8 Leadville CO hotel off Highway 24 and enjoy easy access to five of the most popular area ski resorts. Our Leadville hotel near Vail and Breckenridge is located at the base of Mt. Elbert, the highest mountain in Colorado. After a day of skiing, hiking or sightseeing, relax in our sauna. In the morning, wake up to free 8-item SuperStart breakfast bonanza and connect to free high-speed Internet to check the weather report and look upMore
local attractions. Free parking, including large-vehicle spaces, makes it easy to come and go at any hour. Kids 17 and under stay free with an adult.
Our Leadville hotel is the perfect four-season base camp for your outdoor adventures. Take to the slopes of Cooper Mountain, Breckenridge and Vail, three of the most popular skiing destinations in the country, all within 30 miles of our hotel. In the warmer months, these resorts offer mountain biking trails, hiking, rafting and kayaking. If golf is your game, tee off at Mount Massive Golf Course, just two miles from our Leadville hotel, and enjoy a round with the beautiful Rocky Mountains as your backdrop. Cast a line into the Arkansas River and see why so many locals refuse to fish anywhere else. Heavily stocked with trout, the Arkansas offers some of the best fishing in Colorado. Any time of year is perfect for a stroll through historic Leadville, so take advantage of unique local shops, entertainment and restaurants.
Take the two-minute walk to grab a quick bite at Subway, located near our Leadville, Colorado, hotel. Enjoy hearty dishes at Golden Burro Cafe & Lounge or, if you are in the mood for Italian cooking, head to Zichitella’s Italian Restaurant. Quincy Steak and Spirits is a half mile from our hotel. Whether you want to grab a slice to go or sit down and enjoy your pizza, High Mountain Pies is a good choice.
Breakfast: Complimentary Breakfast offered
Internet: High Speed Internet Access
Truck/Bus Parking: Truck/Bus Parking
Golf: Golf nearby
Tennis: Onsite Tennis
Car Parking: Parking Available
Looking for things to do in leadville,CO? Explore leadville and search for restaurants, shopping, attractions, events and more.

domain: geography


Foul-Release Coating for Transducers
See the real picture
Formulated by industry-leading scientists and certified by Airmar for transducers, Foulfree is the latest addition to the Propspeed product line. Fouling on the face of transducers can reduce their sensitivity, bottom-echo returns and positive fish targets. Foulfree keeps transducers clean and operating at the top of their game for the clearest sonar images possible.
Certified by AIRMAR* and developed specifically for transducers to ensure sustained performance.
Developed from the original foul-release coating’s technology, with the same promise of proven performance experienced by captains and boat owners worldwide.
The application of Foulfree can be completed in 3 easy steps: 1. Clean - 2. Apply - 3. Let it dry
Foul-release, not antifoul. Foul-release coatings use physical means to reduce fouling, creating a surface that’s tough for marine organisms to adhere to.
A foul-free transducer equals more clarity, detail and visibility below the waterline.
"Propspeed’s new Foulfree transducer coating is amazing. Goes on easily and smoothly and dries like glass. The transducer looks like a mirror. I can’t see anything sticking to that."
Product code: FF15K
In the kit:
1 Abrasive pad
The abrasive pad is used to prepare the transducer face and housing for the Foulfree transducer coating.
2 XDclean Wipe
XDclean is a transducer safe, pre-treatment cleaner. Having a clean transducer is critical to maximise the performance of Foulfree. The XDclean solution comes pre-packaged with a wipe to make cleaning easy.
3 Application brush
A small, high quality brush is included to provide the best result during the application of the Foulfree coating.
4 Clear Coat
This kit contains 15ml of Foulfree Clear Coat, a non-toxic, silicone topcoat which forms a super slick outer layer that marine growth cannot adhere to, keeping your transducer performing at its peak.
- One 15ml kit will coat 1ft2 (0.1 m²)


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Read to Your Baby Every Day
This is a new book. Condition: Brand New.
Science tells us that babies develop best and connect with people and the world around them when they are spoken to, sung to and read to. Even when they're tiny, the sound of their parents' voices helps them make sense of the world and feel comfortable with new people and places. This treasury gives parents the opportunity to rediscover just how useful (and calming) 30 of the best-loved nursery rhymes are in one, handsome volume.
Book details and technical specifications
Published: March 2019
Number of pages: 64
Width: 195 mm
Height: 240 mm
Depth: not specified
Publisher: Frances Lincoln Publishers Ltd


text:
Pink Floral Alphabet
This is a clipart alphabet set with a delicate floral pattern on light pink background with a zig zag stitched pink outline by Melissa Held Designs. You can use this font set to create your own cards and decorations for baby showers, to create instant wall art with a monogram, name, or phrase, scrapbook elements, and gift tags. Letters are approximately 1.6" high.
This includes 37 PNG files of capital letters and numbers on transparent backgrounds.
party, decorations, letters, numbers, digital, clipart, wall, typography, words, initials, baby, girl, monogram, shower ,celebration, name, phrase, wall, art, capital, typeface, graphic, alphabet, flower ,design, font,pink, floral, pattern, feminine, scrapbook, Melissa Held Designs


text:
When a dispute cannot be resolved through informal means, our team of seasoned litigators is ready to defend the interests of clients through formal legal proceedings. Our extensive litigation experience in successfully representing clients in state and federal courts (including bankruptcy courts), before numerous state and federal administrative agencies, and in the full range of informal dispute resolution proceedings (such as arbitration and mediation) is another reason clients choose our firm.
Our firm represents individuals, small and large businesses, and numerous non-profits in a wide variety of civil litigation. Our team has experience representing the interests of our clients in many areas of the law, including:
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We have represented businesses in a variety of industries and handled complex commercial cases for many of our corporate clients. Our tough-minded litigators leverage their experience and knowledge of procedural and substantive law to protect our clients’ rights and guide them through the sometimes-grueling world of hearings, discovery and trials.
We are mindful of the fact that every case is unique, and we make sure all options are examined and weighed. Our team knows that winning a case at trial requires thorough preparation and a comprehensive understanding of the facts and law underlying the dispute. Our goal is to always provide the most efficient and cost-effective litigation strategies that protect the personal, legal and business interests of our clients.
Our team of litigators will always ensure that we understand our clients’ goals and are mindful of those goals throughout the process. We are standing by to ensure that our clients will not face the uncertainties of litigation alone.

domain: law


A 39-year-old Florida man died July 3 after falling off a Jet Ski near Finley Point on Flathead Lake, according to authorities.
Lake County Sheriff Don Bell said Robert Paul Trejo, of Ocala, Florida, was found unresponsive in the lake near a Jet Ski around 6:30 p.m., Monday. Emergency responders and other boaters got Trejo into a boat where CPR was performed for about 15 minutes. At the time, Trejo had a slight pulse and was breathing. He was pronounced dead on the way to the hospital, Bell said.
Trejo’s body has been sent to the Montana State Crime Lab for an autopsy.


Elk Ridge - Outdoors Fixed Blade Knife - 6-in Overall, 3-in Black Stainless Steel Blade, Brown Wood Handle, 1680D Nylon Sheath - Hunting, Camping, Survival - ER-562WD
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The ER-562WD fixed blade knife from Elk Ridge is a great choice for hunting and outdoor adventures. It features a 3-inch, 4mm thick stainless steel black blade, plus a handsome 3-inch Packwood handle. Comes complete with a durable nylon sheath for easy and safe carry. Measures 6 inches overall. Designed for true outdoors adventurers, Elk Ridge offers a wide variety of hunting knives, skinners, game sets, machetes, axes, and even gentlemans knives.


Many Oregonians may be pining for the 90 degree scorcher forecast for Thursday. But for those of us who hate to see winter loosen its grip, there's still fun to be had in the mountains.
Skiing conditions were ideal Monday on Mt. Bachelor. Powder day on April 28. Gotta love it (and hope for more)(and watch the avalanche danger).
Forgive the cheesy music. It's public domain.
-- Ted Sickinger


In the world of blockchain technology, scalability has always been a significant challenge. As the demand for blockchain-based applications grows, so does the need for solutions that can handle increased transaction volumes. One such solution is the concept of Layer 2. Layer 2 refers to a secondary framework or protocol built on top of an existing blockchain system to increase its scalability. This comprehensive guide will delve into the concept of Layer 2, its workings, types, benefits, and its role in the broader context of blockchain technology.
Layer 2 is a collective term for solutions designed to help scale a blockchain network by handling transactions off the main blockchain (Layer 1). By moving transactions to a secondary layer, these solutions aim to decongest the network and reduce transaction fees, thereby improving the blockchain’s scalability.
The Need for Layer 2
The need for Layer 2 solutions arises from the inherent limitations of blockchain technology. Blockchains, by design, are not equipped to handle a high volume of transactions quickly and cost-effectively. This limitation becomes evident as the network grows and more transactions need to be processed.
Scalability is a significant challenge for blockchains. As the number of transactions increases, the time to confirm each transaction also increases, leading to slower transaction speeds and higher costs.
As more transactions are added to the blockchain, the network can become congested. This congestion leads to higher transaction fees as users compete to have their transactions included in the next block.
How Layer 2 Works
Layer 2 solutions work by taking transactions off the main blockchain and processing them separately. This process reduces the load on the main blockchain, allowing it to process transactions more quickly and at a lower cost.
In a Layer 2 solution, most transactions are processed off-chain, meaning they are not included in the main blockchain. Instead, only the final state of these transactions is recorded on the blockchain.
Despite processing transactions off-chain, Layer 2 solutions maintain the security and decentralization of the main blockchain. They do this by leveraging the security of the main blockchain to validate and secure off-chain transactions.
Types of Layer 2 Solutions
There are several types of Layer 2 solutions, each with its own approach to improving scalability.
State channels are a type of Layer 2 solution that allows participants to transact with each other directly off-chain. The final state of these transactions is then recorded on the blockchain.
Plasma is a framework for creating scalable applications by creating child chains off the main Ethereum blockchain. These child chains can process transactions more quickly and at a lower cost than the main chain.
Rollups are a Layer 2 solution that bundles or “rolls up” multiple transactions into a single transaction. This process reduces the amount of data that needs to be stored on the blockchain, thereby improving scalability.
Benefits of Layer 2
Layer 2 solutions offer several benefits, primarily related to improved scalability.
By processing transactions off-chain, Layer 2 solutions can significantly increase transaction speeds. This improvement is crucial for applications that require fast and frequent transactions.
Layer 2 solutions can also reduce transaction costs. By reducing the amount of data that needs to be stored on the blockchain, these solutions can lower the fees associated with transactions.
In the broader context of blockchain technology, Layer 2 solutions play a crucial role in enabling the growth and adoption of blockchain-based applications. As the demand for these applications grows, so does the need forscalable solutions that can handle increased transaction volumes. Layer 2 solutions meet this need by improving the scalability of blockchain networks without compromising their security or decentralization.
In conclusion, Layer 2 solutions are a crucial component in the evolution of blockchain technology. They address one of the most significant challenges facing blockchains – scalability – and do so in a way that maintains the security and decentralization that make blockchains unique. As the world of blockchain continues to evolve and grow, the importance of Layer 2 solutions is likely to increase. Understanding these solutions and their implications is crucial for anyone involved in the blockchain space, whether as a developer, investor, or end-user.


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According to the State Bureau, the market sales is steady in the first three quarters, the gross retail sales is 13081.1 billion Yuan, which increased 17.0% Y-on-Y (the real increasing rate is 11.3% after adjusting for inflation), which is quicker 0.2% than the first half of the year. The social gross retail sales is 1586.5 billion Yuan in Sep, which increased 17.7% Y-on-Y (the real increasing rate is 11% after adjusting for inflation). The social gross retail sales in Sep increased 1.35% M-to-M.
Among which the gross retail sales of apparels, shoes, hats, knitting and textiles were 64.5 billion Yuan, which increased 27.6% Y-on-Y. The gross retail sales from Jan to Sep were 545 billion Yuan, which increased 24.8% Y-on-Y.


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After a month we had an internal weekend with the aims of debriefing and looking into group dynamics, and then evaluating our work in order to draw lessons for other people who might want to do this work.* The general consensus was that all of us enjoyed doing the work: it felt useful, appreciated and it is rewarding to feel that somebody actually feels better after talking to you.
Internal group dynamics are often complicated and this is especially true if people have been traumatised in the past, as all of the people in the working group had in some way or other. Summits are stressful situations at the best of times, they “trigger” people’s memories and remind them of previous traumatic situations. Additional factors were that a lot of the people did not really know each other beforehand and had very different personal and professional backgrounds and attitudes.
We concluded it would be better for a future trauma support group to really try and get to know each other beforehand and put effort into trust building and group bonding, since we need to be able to draw strength from the group rather than having to deal with internal conflict. It might have been a good idea to have an external supervisor on site who was independent of the group and could provide support for the supporters and group facilitation if necessary.
From the beginning we had made it clear amongst ourselves that we were offering emotional first aid and not therapy or deep counselling, since a campsite with police at the gate is not the right space for that, and therapy is a longer term project anyway. It turned out that it is not so easy to draw the line and opinions differ with different theoretical orientations. For any future work we think it would be important to have an indepth exploration of this topic beforehand and to agree some ground rules.
We found out that trauma support is very narrowly focused and naturally ended up also doing also other mental health work. It is difficult to draw the line and we recognise the need for broader self-organised mental health support in our movements, but at the same time due to limited resources we could only focus mainly on trauma. It also became clear that trauma work in itself during big mobilisations can’t be reduced to police brutality, because the repressive environment triggers all kinds of old trauma like childhood sexual abuse, rape and other previous experiences of brutality. It is important when doing emotional first aid to keep in mind that the person you are talking to might be carrying all kinds of old trauma with them. Also, different people need different things, so it is important to be prepared to be able to adapt to people’s specific needs and ways of coping. There is a definite need for general welfare work – cups of tea, massages, a quiet space and blankets can make an enormous difference, and also in terms of preventing burn out. The impact of lack of sleep for example turned out to be widely underestimated.
It felt useful to blur general welfare and trauma support, especially since a lot of people feel uneasy about going to some kind of “trauma tent” (it would, by the way, be interesting to look at what different reasons stop people from coming). It is a longer discussion how to make trauma support “mentally” accessible for as many people as possible. Co-operation with prisoner support and legal teams, co-operation with general welfare services, co-operation with medics, there are a lot of links where people can step in. In the end it is important to raise awareness about the topic and to make an effort to destigmatise it by integrating and normalising it, and making support easy to approach.
We feel we succeeded in putting the topic on the agenda. Hopefully it will become an intrinsic aspect of activist work, similar to legal and medical support. However it may take a long time to change the culture in our movements to a really supportive one, where we are not ashamed of what we feel and can be sure to be respected and supported in what we are going through. We hope this is a first step and one day it will be as normal to seek trauma support as going to the medics and that one day the stigma will be overcome – hopefully not only in terms of traumatic stress, but also in wider mental health.
*A more extensive account of lessons learnt is available on email request It is not quite clear yet in which ways this work will be continued. The Trauma working group was a group that was set up for the G8 and dissolved afterwards. However a few of us intend to continue this work, at least with work on the webpage and providing email/phone/personal support and information and maybe getting involved in other actions and mobilisations. If you are interested in this work, please get in touch.
Support Database on our homepage: If you can offer support in any way (counselling, healing, herbal remedies…), sign up at the Support Database on the homepage.
Reach out for help:
Don’t hesitate to contact us if you think it might be helpful for you, or just get in touch with somebody from the database.
Other useful websites:
Healing activist trauma in the States: http://healingtrauma.pscap.org/

domain: psychology


text:
- Johannes Gutenberg
Infobox_Person | name = Johannes Gensfleisch zur Laden zum Gutenberg
birth_date = circa 1398
Mainz, Electorate of Mainz
death_date = death date|1468|2|3|mf=y
Mainz, Electorate of Mainz
Engraver, Inventor, and Printer
Johannes Gensfleisch zur Laden zum Gutenberg (circa 1398 –
February 3, 1468) was a German goldsmithand printer who is credited with being the first European to use movable type printing, in around 1439, and the global inventor of the mechanical printing. His major work, the Gutenberg Bible(also known as the 42-line Bible), has been acclaimed for its high aesthetic and technical quality. Among the specific contributions to printing that are attributed to Gutenberg are the invention of a process for mass-producing movable type, the use of oil-based ink, and the use of a wooden printing presssimilar to the screw olive and wine presses of the period. His truly epochal invention was the combination of these elements into a practical system. Gutenberg may have been familiar with printing; it is claimed that he had worked on copper engravings with an artist known as the " Master of the Playing Cards". [cite book|author=Lehmann-Haupt, Hellmut|title=Gutenberg and the Master of the Playing Cards|location= New Haven|publisher= Yale University Press|year=1966] Gutenberg's method for making type is traditionally considered to have included a type metalalloy and a hand mould for casting type. It should be noted that new research may indicate that standardised moveable type was a more complex evolutionary process spread over multiple locations. [cite web|accessdate=2008-05-20|url=http://www.open2.net/historyandthearts/discover_science/gberg_synopsis.html|title=What Did Gutenberg Invent?|publisher= BBC]
The use of movable type was a marked improvement on the handwritten manuscript, which was the existing method of book production in Europe, and upon
woodblock printing, and revolutionized European book-making. Gutenberg's printing technology spread rapidly throughout Europe and is considered a key factor in the European Renaissance. Gutenberg remains a towering figure in the popular image; in 1999, the A&E Networkranked Gutenberg #1 on their "People of the Millennium" countdown, and in 1997, Time–Lifemagazine picked Gutenberg's invention as the most important of the second millennium. [cite web|accessdate=2008-05-20|url=http://pirate.shu.edu/~gottlitr/mil_site/lista.html|title=1,000 Years, 1,000 People: Ranking The Men and Women Who Shaped The Millennium.|publisher= Seton Hall University]
Gutenberg was born in the German city of
Mainz, the youngest son of the upper-class merchant Friele Gensfleisch zur Laden, and his second wife Else Wyrich, who was the daughter of a shopkeeper. According to some accounts Friele was a goldsmith for the bishop at Mainz, but most likely he was involved in the cloth trade.cite web|url=http://www.mainz.de/gutenberg/english/zeitgum.htm|title = Gutenberg and Mainz|author = Hanebutt-Benz, Eva-Maria|accessdate = 2006-11-24] Gutenberg's year of birth is not known; it was certainly between 1394 and 1404, most likely around 1398.
At the time, patricians in Mainz were often named after the houses they owned, and around 1427, the name "zu Gutenberg", after the family house in Mainz, is documented for the first time. This house had previously been known as "Judenberg," Jewish Hill. According to historian John Man, "In the 1282
pogrom, fifty-four Jewish properties were abandoned and were grabbed by the rich and powerful. It seems that the Gutenberg house fell to the archbishop's treasurers. It was later acquired by the great-great-grandfather of our inventor and stayed in the family."cite book|author=Man, John|title=Gutenberg: How One Man Remade the World with Word|year=2002|pages=166–7|publisher= John Wiley & Sons|isbn=0-471-21823-5]
In 1411, there was an uprising in Mainz against the patricians, and more than a hundred families were forced to leave. The Gutenbergs may have moved to
Eltville am Rhein(Alta Villa), where his mother had an inherited estate. He may have studied at the University of Erfurt, where there is a record of a student in 1419 named Johannes de Alta villa. Following his father's death in 1419, he is mentioned in the inheritance proceedings.
Nothing is now known of Gutenberg's life for the next fifteen years, but in March 1434, a letter by him indicates that he was living in
Strasbourg, where he had some relatives on his mother's side. He also appears to have been a goldsmith member enrolled in the Strasbourg militia. In 1437, there is evidence that he was instructing a wealthy tradesman on polishing gems, but where he had acquired this knowledge is unknown. In 1436/37 his name also comes up in court in connection with a broken promise of marriage to a woman from Strasbourg, Ennelin.cite web|title = Gutenberg und seine Zeit in Daten (Gutenberg and his times; Timeline)|url = http://www.mainz.de/gutenberg/zeitgutb.htm|publisher = Gutenberg Museum|accessdate = 2006-11-24] Whether the marriage actually took place is not recorded.
Around 1439, Gutenberg was involved in a financial misadventure making polished metal mirrors (which were believed to capture holy light from religious relics) for sale to pilgrims to
Aachen: in 1439 the city was planning to exhibit its collection of relics from Emperor Charlemagne but the event was delayed by one year and the capital already spent could not be repaid. When the question of satisfying the investors came up, Gutenberg is said to have promised to share a "secret". It has been widely speculated that this secret may have been the idea of printing with movable type. [cite book | last =Burke | first =James | authorlink =James Burke (science historian) | title =Connections | publisher= Macmillan Publishers| date =1978 | location = London| page =101 | isbn=0-333-24827-9 ] Legend has it that the idea came to him "like a ray of light".cite book|author = Burke, James|title = The Day the Universe Changed|publisher = Little, Brown and Company|year = 1985|location = Boston, Toronto]
At least up to 1444, he lived in Strasbourg, most likely in the
St. Arbogastsuburb. It was in Strasbourg in 1440 that Gutenberg perfected and unveiled the secret of printing based on his research, mysteriously entitled "Kunst und Aventur" (art and enterprise). It is not clear what work he was engaged in, or whether some early trials with printing from movable type may have been conducted there. After this, there is a gap of four years in the record. In 1448, he was back in Mainz, where he took out a loan from his brother-in-law Arnold Gelthus, presumably for a printing press.
By 1450, the press was in operation, and a German
poemhad been printed, possibly the first item to be printed there. Gutenberg was able to convince the wealthy moneylender Johann Fustfor a loan of 800 guilders. Peter Schöffer, who became Fust's son-in-law, also joined the enterprise. Schöffer had worked as a scribe in Parisand designed some of the first typefaces.
Gutenberg's workshop was set up at Hof Humbrecht, a property belonging to a distant relative. It is not clear when Gutenberg conceived the Bible project, but for this he borrowed another 800 guilders from Fust, and work commenced in 1452. At the same time, the press was also printing other, more lucrative texts (possibly Latin grammars). There is also some speculation that there may have been two presses, one for the pedestrian texts, and one for the Bible. One of the profit-making enterprises of the new press was the printing of thousands of
indulgences for the church, documented from 1454–55.
In 1455 Gutenberg published his "42-line Bible", commonly known as the
Gutenberg Bible. About 180 were printed, most on paper and some on vellum.
Sometime in 1455, there was a dispute between Gutenberg and Fust, and Fust demanded his money back, accusing Gutenberg of embezzling funds. Meanwhile the expenses of the Bible project had proliferated, and Gutenberg's debt now exceeded 2,000 guilders. Fust sued at the archbishop's court. A November 1455 legal document records that there was a partnership for a "project of the books," the funds for which Gutenberg had used for other purposes, according to Fust. The court decided in favour of Fust, giving him control over the Bible printing workshop and half of all printed Bibles.
Thus Gutenberg was effectively bankrupt, but it appears he retained (or re-started) a small printing shop, and participated in the printing of a bible in the town of
Bambergaround 1459, for which he at least supplied the type. But since his printed books never carry his name or a date, it is difficult to be certain, and there is consequently a considerable scholarly literature about it. It is also possible that the large Catholicon dictionary, 300 copies of 744 pages, printed in Mainz in 1460, may have been executed in his workshop.
Meanwhile, the Fust–Schöffer shop was the first in Europe to bring out a book with the printer's name and date, the
Mainz Psalterof August 1457, and while proudly proclaiming the mechanical process by which it had been produced, it made no mention of Gutenberg.
In 1462, during a conflict between two archbishops, Mainz was sacked by archbishop Adolph von Nassau, and Gutenberg was exiled. An old man by now, he moved to Eltville where he may have initiated and supervised a new printing press belonging to the brothers Bechtermünze.
In January 1465, Gutenberg's achievements were recognized and he was given the title "Hofmann" (gentleman of the court) by von Nassau. This honour included a
stipend, an annual court outfit, as well as 2180 liters of grain and 2000 liters of wine tax-free. It is believed he may have moved back to Mainz around this time, but this is not certain.
Gutenberg died in 1468 and was buried in the Franciscan church at Mainz, his contributions largely unknown. This church and the cemetery were later destroyed, and Gutenberg's grave is lost.
In 1504, he was mentioned as the inventor of typography in a book by Professor Ivo Wittig. It was not until 1567 that the first portrait of Gutenberg, almost certainly an imaginary reconstruction, appeared in Heinrich Pantaleon's biography of famous Germans.
Between 1450 and 1455, Gutenberg printed several texts, but details are not known; his texts did not bear the printer's name or date, so attribution is possible only through external references. Certainly several church documents including a papal letter and two indulgences were printed. Some printed editions of "Ars Minor", a schoolbook on Latin grammar by
Aelius Donatusmay have been printed by Gutenberg; these have been dated either 1451–52 or 1455.
In 1455 (possibly starting 1454), Gutenberg brought out copies of a beautifully executed folio
Bible("Biblia Sacra"), with 42 lines on each page. The pages of the books were not bound, and the date 1455 is documented on the spine by the binder for a copy bound in Paris.
The Bible sold for 30
florinseach, [cite book|author= Cormack, Lesley B.; Ede, Andrew|title=A History of Science in Society: From Philosophy to Utility|publisher=Broadview Press|year=2004|isbn=1-55111-332-5] which was roughly three years' wages for an average clerk. Nonetheless, it was significantly cheaper than a handwritten Bible that could take a single scribe over a year to prepare. After printing the text portions, each book was hand illustrated in the same elegant way as manuscript Bibles from the same period written by scribes.
48 substantially complete copies are known to exist, including two at the
British Librarythat can be viewed and compared online.cite web|url=http://prodigi.bl.uk/treasures/gutenberg/search.asp|title=Treasures in Full: Gutenberg Bible|accessdate=2006-10-19|publisher = British Library] The text lacks modern features such as pagination, indentations, and paragraph breaks.
Another, 36-line edition of the Bible was also printed, some years after the first edition, and in large part set from a copy of it, thus disproving earlier speculation that this may have been the first Bible of the two.cite book | last =Kapr | first =Albert | title =Johannes Gutenberg: the Man and His Invention |publisher =Scolar Press | date =1996 | page =322 | isbn = 1-85928-114-1 ]
Printing method with movable type
Gutenberg's early printing process, and what tests he may have made with
movable type, are not known in great detail. His later Bibles were printed six pages at a time, and would have required 100,000 pieces of type—making the type alone would take years. [cite book|author = Singer, C.; Holmyard, E.; Hall, A.; Williams, T.|title = A History of Technology, vol.3 |publisher = Oxford University Press|year = 1958] Setting each page would take at least half a day, and considering all the work in loading the press, inking the type, hanging up the sheets, etc., it is thought that the Gutenberg–Fust shop might have employed about 25 craftsmen.
Gutenberg's technique of making movable type remains unclear. In the following decades, punches and copper matrices became standardized in the rapidly disseminating printing presses across Europe. Whether Gutenberg used this sophisticated technique or a somewhat primitive version has been the subject of considerable debate.
In the standard process of making type, a hard metal punch (with the letter carved back to front) is hammered into the soft metal copper, creating a mould or "matrix". This is then placed into a holder, and cast by filling with hot type-metal, which cooled down to create a piece of type. The matrix can now be reused to create hundreds of identical letters, so that the same type appearing anywhere in the book will appear similar, giving rise to the growth of
fonts. Subsequently, these letters are placed on a rack and inked; using a press, many hundred copies can be made. The letters can be reused in any combination, earning the process the name of 'movable type'. (For details, see Typography).
Was the type produced by punches and copper matrices?
Such is the process that has been widely attributed to have been Gutenberg's invention, but it appears from recent evidence that Gutenberg's actual process was somewhat different. If he used the punch and matrix approach, all his letters should have been identical, within some variation possibly due to inking. However, the type used in Gutenberg's printed Bibles were quite irregular.
In 2001, the physicist Blaise Aguera y Arcas and Princeton librarian Paul Needham, used digital scans of the Gutenberg Bible in the
Scheide Library, Princeton, to carefully compare the same letters (types) appearing in different parts of the Gutenberg 42-line Bible. [ cite conference | first = Blaise | last = Agüera y Arcas | coauthors = Needham, Paul | title = Computational analytical bibliography | booktitle = Proceedings Bibliopolis Conference "The future history of the book" | publisher = Koninklijke Bibliotheek| year = 2002 | month = November | location = The Hague( Netherlands)] [cite web|url=http://www.open2.net/home/view?entityID=15599&jsp=themed_learning%2Fexpanding_viewer&sessionID=-1161756493749&entityName=object|title= What Did Gutenberg Invent? - Discovery|accessdate=2006-10-25|date= 2006|publisher = BBC] The irregularities in Gutenberg's type, particularly in simple characters such as the hyphen, made it clear that the variations could not have come from either ink smear or from wear and damage on the pieces of metal on the types themselves. While some identical types are clearly used on other pages, other variations, subjected to detailed image analysis, made for only one conclusion: that they could not have been produced from the same matrix. Transmitted light pictures of the page also revealed substructures in the type that could not arise from punchcuttingtechniques. They hypothesized that the method involved impressing simple shapes to create alphabets in "cuneiform" style in a mould like sand. Casting the type would destroy the mould, and the alphabet would need to be recreated to make additional type. This would explain the non-identical type, as well as the substructures observed in the printed type.
Thus, they feel that "the decisive factor for the birth of typography", the use of reusable moulds for casting type, might have been a more progressive process than was previously thought. [cite book|author = Adams, James L.|title = Flying Buttresses, Entropy and O-Rings: the World of an Engineer|year = 1991|publisher=
Harvard University Press] They suggest that the additional step of using the punch to create a mould that could be reused many times was not taken until twenty years later, in the 1470s.
Other hypotheses about European origins
The nineteenth century printer and typefounder
Fournier Le Jeunesuggested that Gutenberg might not have been using type cast with a reusable matrix, but possibly wooden types that were carved individually. However, this appears unlikely given the uniformityof the bulk of the type he used.
It has also been questioned whether Gutenberg used movable types at all. In 2004, Italian professor Bruno Fabbiani claimed that examination of the 42-line Bible revealed an overlapping of letters, suggesting that Gutenberg did not in fact use movable type (individual cast characters) but rather used whole plates made from a system somewhat like a modern typewriter, whereby the letters were stamped successively into the plate and then printed. However, most specialists regard the occasional overlapping of type as caused by paper movement over pieces of type of slightly unequal height.
A 1568 history by Hadrianus Junius of Holland claims that the basic idea of the movable type came to Gutenberg from
Laurens Janszoon Costervia Fust, who was apprenticed to Coster in the 1430s and may have brought some of his equipment from Haarlemto Mainz. While Coster appears to have experimented with moulds and castable metal type, there is no evidence that he had actually printed anything with this technology. He was an inventor and a goldsmith. However, there is one supporter of the claim that Coster might be the inventor. In the Kölner Chronikof 1499 Ulrich Zell, the first printer of Cologne, mentions that printing was performed in Mainzin 1450, but that some type of printing of lower quality had previously occurred in the Netherlands. However the name of Coster is not mentioned in that chronicle.
Hypotheses about East Asian origins
Since the use of printing from movable type arose in East Asia well before it did in Europe, it is relevant to ask whether Gutenberg may have been influenced, directly or indirectly, by the Chinese or Korean
inventionsof movable type printing, or their earlier discoveries of block printing. There are no historical documents which single out that Gutenberg was aware of existing Asian printing techniques. Nonetheless, several historians have drawn inferences. The earliest woodblocks used for printing in Europe, in the fourteenth century, using exactly the same technique as Chinese woodblocks, led some early writers on Asian subjects to speculate about a connection: "the process of printing them must have been copied from ancient Chinese specimens, brought from that country by some early travelers, whose names have not been handed down to our times" (Robert Curzon, 1810-1873).cite book | last = Polo | first = Marco | authorlink = Marco Polo | title = The Book of Ser Marco Polo, the Venetian: Concerning the Kingdoms and Marvels of the East, Volume 1 | edition = 2nd edition, revised | year = 1875 | publisher= William Clowes Ltd.| location = London| page =133] Since the 13th century, with the expansion of the Mongol Empireto the door of Europe, numerous travelers bridged the distance between Europe and China, such as Marco Poloor the Mongol Chinese Rabban Bar Sauma, and numerous direct contacts occurred in attempts at creating a Franco-Mongol alliance, giving ample opportunity for the transmission of printing technology from China.
However, European woodblock printing shows a clear progression from patterns to images, both printed on cloth, then to images printed on paper, when it became widely available in Europe in about 1400.cite book|title=An Introduction to a History of Woodcut|author= Hind, Arthur M.|pages=64–127|publisher=
Dover Publications|year=1963|isbn=0-486-20952-0] In particular, text and images printed together only appear in about 1460, some sixty years later than images alone, and after Gutenberg's invention of metal movable type. [cite journal|title=The Sexuality of Christ in Renaissance Art and in Modern Oblivion|date=Summer 1983|volume=25|publisher= MIT Press]
Joseph Needham's "Science and Civilization in China" has a chapter that suggests that "European block printers must not only have seen Chinese samples, but perhaps had been taught by missionaries or others who had learned these un-European methods from Chinese printers during their residence in China."cite book | last = Tsien | first = Tsuen-Hsuin | title = Paper and Printing | series = Joseph Needham, Science and Civilisation in China (Volume 5, Part I) | year = 1985 | publisher =
Cambridge University Press| location = Cambridge| isbn = 0521086906 | pages = 313]
But historians of the Western prints themselves see no need for such a direct and late connection. Rather, they assume that European woodcut appeared "spontaneously and presumably as a result of the use of paper as it had been observed that paper was better suited than rough-surfaced parchment for making the impressions from wood-reliefs". [cite encyclopedia|encyclopedia=
Encyclopædia Britannica|title=printing] Also, A. Hyatt Mayor states:
:"A little before 1400 Europeans had enough paper to begin making holy images and playing cards in woodcut. They need not have learned woodcut from the Chinese, because they had been using woodblocks for about 1,000 years to stamp designs on linen." [cite journal|author= Mayor, A. Hyatt|title=A Historical Survey of Printmaking|publisher=Art Education|volume=17|issue=4|date=April 1964|pages=4–9]
Whatever the facts regarding Asian influences in this invention, there can be no doubt about Gutenberg's genius in putting together the technologies that eventually went on to fuel the European
Although Gutenberg was financially unsuccessful in his lifetime, the printing technologies spread quickly, and news and books began to travel across Europe much faster than before. It fed the growing
Renaissance, and since it greatly facilitated scientific publishing, it was a major catalyst for the later scientific revolution.
The capital of printing in Europe shifted to
Venice, where visionary printers like Aldus Manutiusensured widespread availability of the major Greek and Latin texts. The claims of an Italian origin for movable type have also focused on this rapid rise of Italy in movable-type printing. This may perhaps be explained by the prior eminence of Italy in the paper and printing trade. Additionally, Italy's economy was growing rapidly at the time, facilitating the spread of literacy. Finally, the city of Mainz was sacked in 1462, driving many (including a number of printers and punch cutters) into exile.
Printing was also a factor in the Reformation:
Martin Lutherfound that the 95 Theses, which he posted on the door of his church, were printed and circulated widely; subsequently he also issued broadsheets outlining his anti- indulgencesposition (ironically, indulgences were one of the first items Gutenberg had printed). The broadsheet evolved into newspapers and defined the mass mediawe know today.
In the decades after Gutenberg, many conservative patrons looked down on cheap printed books; books produced by hand were considered more desirable. At one point the
papal courtdebated a policy of requiring printing presses to obtain a license, but this could not be decreed.
Today there is a large
antiquemarket for the earliest printed objects. Books printed prior to 1500 are known as " incunabula".
There are many statues of Gutenberg in Germany, including the famous one by
Bertel Thorvaldsen(1837) in Mainz, home to the Gutenberg Museumand the eponymous Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz. Project Gutenbergcommemorates Gutenberg's name.
Matthew Skelton's book
Endymion Springexplores a controversial theory about Johann Gutenberg and his partner Fust.
In 1961 the Canadian philosopher and scholar
Marshall McLuhanentitled his pioneering study in the fields of print culture, cultural studies, and media ecology, ""
Johann Gutenberg has been ranked #8 in
Michael H. Hart's controversial book, " The 100: A Ranking Of The Most Influential Persons In History".
In 2006, "
Gutenberg! The Musical!", a musical about two people who wrote a musical about Johann Gutenberg inventing the printing press, began its Off-Broadwayrun in New York City.
History of the book
Michael H. Hart, " The 100", Carol Publishing Group, July 1992, paperback, 576 pages, ISBN 0-8065-1350-0Standard biographic works on Gutenberg
*Albert Kapr, "Johann Gutenberg: the Man and his Invention."Translated from the German by Douglas Martin, Scolar Press, 1996. "Third ed., revised by the author for ... the English translation"'.
On the effects of Gutenberg's printing
*Elizabeth L. Eisenstein, "The Printing Press as an Agent of Change", Cambridge University Press, September 1980, Paperback, 832 pages, ISBN 0-521-29955-1
Marshall McLuhan, "The Gutenberg Galaxy: The Making of Typographic Man" (1962) Univ. of Toronto Press (1st ed.); reissued by Routledge & Kegan Paul ISBN 0-7100-1818-5.
* [http://www.gutenberg-museum.de?language=e English homepage of the Gutenberg-Museum Mainz] , Germany.
* [http://www.silk-road.com/artl/printing.shtml Historical overview of printing] at the Silk Road site.
* [http://www.hrc.utexas.edu/exhibitions/permanent/gutenberg/project/ The Digital Gutenberg Project] : the
Gutenberg Biblein 1,300 digital images, every page of the University of Texas at Austincopy.
*fr icon [http://histoireetgeographie.free.fr/index.php?2004/12/07/41-biographie-de-johannes-gutenberg-inventeur-de-limprimerie Biographie de Johannes Gutenberg] , inventeur de l'Imprimerie (a biography of Gutenberg at the Histoire et Geographie site).
* [http://www.bl.uk/treasures/gutenberg/homepage.html Treasures in Full – Gutenberg Bible] View the British Library's Digital Versions Online
ALTERNATIVE NAMES=Gutenberg, Johannes Gensfleisch zur Laden zum
SHORT DESCRIPTION=German inventor who invented movable type
DATE OF BIRTH=c. 1398
PLACE OF BIRTH=Mainz, Germany
DATE OF DEATH=3 February 1468
PLACE OF DEATH= Mainz, Germany
Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.
Look at other dictionaries:
Johannes Gutenberg — «Gutenberg» redirige aquí. Para otras acepciones, véase Gutenberg (desambiguación). Johannes Gutenberg … Wikipedia Español
Johannes Gutenberg — Gebräuchliches Bildnis von Johannes Gutenberg, das aber erst lange nach seinem Tod erstellt wurde und somit als Fantasiebildnis gilt … Deutsch Wikipedia
Johannes Gutenberg — Pour les articles homonymes, voir Gutenberg. Il existe peu de documents sur la vie de Gutenberg et la manière dont il a conçu son invention. Tout ce qui va suivre est donc une interprétation des documents existants. Il peut donc exister de… … Wikipédia en Français
Johannes Gutenberg — Johannes Gensfleish zur Laden zum Gutenberg (Nacido en 1398 Murió el 3 de febrero de 1468). Gutenberg nació en Maguncia, Alemania, hijo del comerciante Friele Gensfleisch zu Laden, quien adoptaría más tarde el nombre zum Gutenberg , homónimo del… … Enciclopedia Universal
Johannes Gutenberg — noun German printer who was the first in Europe to print using movable type and the first to use a press (1400 1468) • Syn: ↑Gutenberg, ↑Johann Gutenberg • Instance Hypernyms: ↑printer, ↑pressman … Useful english dictionary
Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz — Vorlage:Infobox Hochschule/Träger fehlt Johannes Gutenberg Universität Mainz Motto Ut omnes unum sint „Dass alle … Deutsch Wikipedia
Johannes-Gutenberg-Universität — Vorlage:Infobox Hochschule/Träger fehltVorlage:Infobox Hochschule/Mitarbeiter fehltVorlage:Infobox Hochschule/Professoren fehlt Johannes Gutenberg Universität Mainz Motto … Deutsch Wikipedia
Johannes-Gutenberg-Universität Mainz — Vorlage:Infobox Hochschule/Träger fehltVorlage:Infobox Hochschule/Mitarbeiter fehltVorlage:Infobox Hochschule/Professoren fehlt Johannes Gutenberg Universität Mainz Motto … Deutsch Wikipedia
Johannes Gutenberg-Universität — Vorlage:Infobox Hochschule/Träger fehltVorlage:Infobox Hochschule/Mitarbeiter fehltVorlage:Infobox Hochschule/Professoren fehlt Johannes Gutenberg Universität Mainz Motto … Deutsch Wikipedia
Johannes Gutenberg-Universität — Johạnnes Gutenberg Universität, Name der Universität von Mainz … Universal-Lexikon


950669.html" class='autolink'>38 Studios has been flying low under the radar for years now as founder (and probable Hall of Fame pitcher) Curt Schilling has assembled a team that includes famed comic book artist Todd McFarlane and bestselling fantasy novelist R.A. Salvatore. However, aside from cryptic details and the odd piece of concept art, almost nothing is known about the game itself. However, on Monday the Boston Globe ran an article that revealed some of the very first details about the game, which has the codename of Project Copernicus.
Schilling is a huge fan of MMO games; he used to review them for PC Gamer magazine, as well as even run demos at trade shows for Sony Online Entertainment's EverQuest. Since his retirement from the Boston Red Sox he has set up 38 Studios, which is based in the old headquarters for Digital Equipment Corporation in Maynard, Massachusetts.
The key details from the Globe article are that the game is set in a "Tolkien-esque fantasy realm" and it has a tentative release date of December of 2010. It also notes that Schilling has been busy drumming up investors to help fund the project. The company estimates it needs anywhere between $50 million to more than $100 million to finish the game, which is more proof that MMO development is not for the faint of heart, nor for those with shallow pockets.
The article quotes Brett Close, a former EA hand who now serves as 38's CEO and president as saying that the game is more "emotionally engaging" and "story-driven" than most MMOs.
Close also said that the recent acquisition of Big Huge Games will allow the company to generate additional revenue, as that studio has several projects in development. Big Huge could also help 38 develop console versions of the game. At the same time, however, the acquisition also doubled 38 Studio's number of employees, thus raising its own operating expenses.
38's goal is to build a game that can stand up to World of Warcraft, and while many studios have tried and failed, the rewards are still tempting. After all, Blizzard generates more than a billion dollars a year in subscription fees alone.


text:
Tourism Getting Closer To '2019 Levels'
Paul Nursey, president and CEO, Destination Greater Victoria. Paul talked about how local tourism business is edging toward 2019 levels but there still is a long way to go in recovery. There are still a lot of jobs in tourism locally to be filled. He also said most of the tourists we are seeing in town are domestic but there is starting to be an increase in International visitors. *We also touched on Lynx Air is the latest discount airline to begin servicing Victoria International Airport*

domain: economics


text:
You can learn a lot about forming new habits by looking at Pavlov’s dog, who learned to salivate at the sound of a bell. He (the dog, not Pavlov) used his brain’s basal ganglia to make the task of drooling automatic.
In the middle of the brain, sitting next to your thalamus, is a bundle of brain cells called the basal ganglia. These are not much different from the ones Pavlov’s dog used to drool. In fact, every vertebrate has that neuronal bundle. The basal ganglia are involved in a lot of stuff like grinding your teeth, biting your fingernails and saying “like” every sentence or so. They also drive your car for you when you’re thinking about something else. They make doing routine things a lot easier because we don’t have to think about them.
Think of the first time you used a cell phone to send an email. It was probably a bit of a struggle. But after you did it for a month or two, it became as easy as tying your shoes. That’s because your prefrontal cortex taught your basal ganglia how to send an email. It happened the same way when you learned to tie your shoes. You struggled at first. It was hard work, but by repeating the task, you learned to do it with almost no effort. Driving was the same way. It was hard when your PFC did the work, but it’s easy now because you basal ganglia took over.
The PFC and the basal ganglia work together to build wiring connecting all the different parts of your brain that handle a new task. As the saying goes, neurons that fire together wire together. That’s neuroplasticity — your brain changing to meet your needs.
The trick of making things automatic has a big survival payoff. Our brains are only about two percent of our body weight, but use 20 percent of our bodies’ glucose supply. We save energy when routine brain work is moved from the PFC to the much smaller basal ganglia. This also frees up our PFCs for more demanding work, like making decisions or talking about the weather.
Habits are easy. We don’t have to think about them. Intentionally forming a new habit is a lot harder. First, you need a cue — “When my alarm goes off, I’ll get out of bed.” Then you need your memory to remind you of your new intention — “The alarm went off, I should get out of bed.” Then you need willpower when the cue arrives — “I’ve really got to get out of bed.” Finally, you need time to repeat the behavior until it sticks — “Alright already. I’m getting up.”
In the jargon of psychology, you’ve changed intentional, goal-directed actions” into “habitual responses to antecedent stimuli.
How much time does it take to form a new habit? According to research by the UK Health Behavior Research Center, it takes on average 66 days. It varies a lot from person to person. More complex behaviors (driving a car) take longer than simpler ones (twirling spaghetti on a fork). The Brits’ research showed habits can form in as few as 18 days and as many as 254.
To build a habit faster, add a reward. “If I get out of bed when the alarm first goes off, on the way to work I’ll get a latte at Starbucks.” Now you have a feedback loop that sends dopamine from a little chemical factory called the ventral tegmental area (VTA) to a part of the basal ganglia called the nucleus accumbens, which is the brain’s pleasure center. Now the basal ganglia associate getting out of bed with a frothy coffee beverage. After a few cycles, your brain begins to see getting up as a good thing. You latte addiction begins to create a getting-out-of-bed addiction.
Forming a habit can be hard, but stifling an old habit is really tough work. Habits are wired into the brain and they’re there for the long haul. Let’s say you have one of hitting the snooze button. You can say, “From now on, when the alarm rings, I’m going to turn it off and jump out of bed,” but when the alarm goes off, it’s awfully hard to fight off the old wiring and follow your good intentions.
The more you practice a new habit, the less likely the old one will pop up. That’s because the new wiring gets stronger with use and the old habit’s wiring atrophies a bit from lack of use. The “get out of bed” wiring strengthens as the “hit the snooze button” wiring grows stale.
Under stress, old habits are more likely to pop up. That’s because when you’re under stress, your prefrontal cortex gives you tunnel vision, focusing strongly on the stressor. You get less help remembering the new habit and stifling the old. That’s just the circumstances the basal ganglia need to take over and kick off that old, comfortable habit. And that little bit of practice can be just enough to reinforce the old wiring. A battle ensues between the old and the new habit.
A better strategy might be to change the cue, such as buying an alarm with a buzzer instead of a ringer or get your spouse to pinch you. Even with all these tactics, you may backslide into snooze buttoning.
Another strategy is to disable the habit entirely by removing the target of the habit. In this case, you’d buy an alarm clock without a snooze button.
Is that old saying “You can’t teach an old dog new tricks” true? Pavlov had a lot of dogs in his laboratory. Some were younger than others, but they all learned to salivate on cue. The younger the brain, the more it can change. An old brain is filled up with lots of valuable stuff it wants to hang on to. It has to let go of something, but with enough willpower, room opens up for the new habit. And suddenly, you’re out of bed and on your way to Starbucks.
Bradley Harris is co-owner of NeuroSense Consulting, an HR consulting company specializing in neuroscience-based business coaching, management training, and leadership development. Contact him at firstname.lastname@example.org.
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text: AFRL selects 10 universities for prestigious satellite program Published Nov. 23, 2021 By Joanne Perkins Air Force Research Laboratory Public Affairs KIRTLAND AIR FORCE BASE, N.M. (AFRL) - The Air Force Research Laboratory’s University Nanosatellite Program (UNP) has selected 10 universities to participate in the upcoming 2-year partnership to design, fabricate and test small satellites. At the recent Flight Selection Review for the program’s tenth cycle, 3 of 10 universities were chosen to remain in the program and continue development of their CubeSats. These universities will be provided flights to space upon completion of their satellites. The universities selected were: The University of Minnesota Texas A&M University Michigan Technological University The UNP has also notified 10 universities selected to participate in the upcoming 11th cycle. The universities are listed below, in no specific order: Saint Louis University University of Alaska Fairbanks University of Colorado Boulder University at Buffalo, The State University of New York Western Michigan University University of Maryland Auburn University University of Texas at Austin Rutgers University Purdue University The objective of the University Nanosatellite Program (UNP) is to promote and sustain university research and education focused on small satellites and related technologies. “What a great day it is,” said Col. Eric Felt, director of the AFRL Space Vehicles Directorate. “Today, I am excited to announce the selections for our UNP program and begin our 2-year partnerships, and start setting our battle rhythm.” More than 20 universities submitted entries on enabling technologies in the small satellite form factor. These included novel experiments in communications and networking, formation flying, space domain awareness, among others. “Throughout the 2-year program, student participants will design, fabricate, and test a small satellite,” Felt said. “We also hope to foster research in enabling technologies, and the design of experiments that can be performed by small satellites in orbit. We are helping to develop the pipeline for the burgeoning space industry.” In addition to 10 education-focused partnerships, the Georgia Institute of Technology has been selected for a unique experience- a mixed technology and education-focused partnership working directly with an AFRL program. This project would support the directorate’s Space Solar Power Incremental Demonstrations and Research project (SSPIDR). The congressionally-funded project will mature and demonstrate he necessary technologies to develop a space-based solar power transmission capability. “This potential prototype system will use high-efficiency solar cells to collect the sun’s energy and convert it to radio frequency (RF) for transmission to a receiving station on earth,” said Rachel Delaney, communications officer for the SSPIDR project. “After collection on the ground, that RF can then be converted back into power and provided to expeditionary forces operating in unimproved areas (e.g., forward operating bases)." The Georgia Institute of Technology will design, build, test, deliver, and operate a 6U CubeSat to support the SSPIDR program. The CubeSat will serve as a power-beaming receiver for Arachne – SSPIDR’s keystone mission, ultimately, demonstrating novel free-space RF power beaming capabilities while in orbit. About AFRL The Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) is the primary scientific research and development center for the Department of the Air Force. AFRL plays an integral role in leading the discovery, development, and integration of affordable warfighting technologies for our air, space, and cyberspace force. With a workforce of more than 11,500 across nine technology areas and 40 other operations across the globe, AFRL provides a diverse portfolio of science and technology ranging from fundamental to advanced research and technology development. For more information, visit: www.afresearchlab.com.

domain: news


text:
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domain: medical


By Amanulla Khan, Managing Director – Middle East, Turkey & Africa, Linksys
Importance of WiFi
Before 2020, connectivity was one of the key consumer focus
As technology leaders, we can confidently say that people today are more educated about WiFi than ever before. There has been a huge change in the kind of products that people are investing in. This is because they are spending more time researching relevant technology so that they can make the right investment for their needs. We have seen this reflected in increased mesh network sales.
Importance of Security
People are more aware of online security and potential exposure to risk now, especially with everyone, adults and students alike, spending a lot more time online for work and education. Parents, in particular, are worried about their children’s online time, with screen time having double or even tripled in the past year. The need to increase online protection has led people to ask more questions about their current security and how best to upgrade it. This has become the main focus in creating highly secure home WiFi environments. The response to the launch of our two-factor authentication solution was phenomenal because it ticks all the right boxes to give consumers a protected and secure home network that will only allow authorized devices to connect.