text:
Technology industry executives who responded to the fourth-quarter WisBusiness.com Tech Leaders Survey continued to temper how they rated the condition of the state’s economy – even as they ranked the prospects for their own companies as good.
Those same executives weighed in on the national health-care debate through three questions tied to Capitol Hill discussions of how to reform the current system.
Nearly 80 (77.9) percent of the executives who responded to the survey said that health care was a big (38.7 percent) or somewhat of a concern (39.2) when they and their company consider hiring new employees. Almost 16 (15.8) percent said health care was not much of a concern when considering new hiring. More than six (6.25) percent said health care wasn’t a concern at all when considering hiring new employees.
The cost of care was by far the most important health care concern of the technology executives who responded to the survey. More than three-quarters (79.8 percent) said cost was their biggest concern regarding health care in America as it is today. Almost 13 (12.6) percent of respondents said access to care was their biggest health care concern. Nearly eight (7.6) percent said the quality of health care was their biggest concern.
Respondents were asked whether their biggest concern (cost, access or quality) would get better, stay the same or get worse, if the health care reform plan proposed by President Obama and the congressional Democrats passes. A near majority (48.1 percent) of those who said cost was their biggest concern (n=189) believe that the cost of health care will get worse if the health care reform plan passes. A quarter (26.5 percent) said it will get better and another quarter (25.4 percent) believe health care costs will stay the same.
Three-quarters (75.9 percent) of those whose biggest concern regarding the health care system is access to care (n=29) believe that access will get better, if the health care reform plan passes. Twenty (20.7) percent said access to health care would get worse; 3.5 percent said it would stay the same. One-hundred percent of those who said the quality of care is their biggest health care concern (n=17) said that the quality of health care would get worse, if the health care reform plan passes.
“The fourth-quarter Tech Leaders Survey points to continuing concern in the Wisconsin’s technology industry about the condition of the state’s economy,” said Tom Still, president of the Wisconsin Technology Council. “Behind the concern for Wisconsin’s economy, however, there is entrepreneurial optimism that is serving these executives’ companies, their industries and the state well during the recession.
Still noted that survey respondents are concerned about health-care costs and are skeptical about whether a federal health-care reform bill will help control costs.
“Health care is an issue that concerns more than three-quarters of the industry’s executives as they considering hiring new people,” Still said. “Roughly the same percentage of tech leaders said cost is their biggest concern with the health care today and that it will stay the same or get worse, if the health reform plan passes.”
On the general state economy, about 19 percent of survey respondents rated Wisconsin’s economy as poor, while 69 percent rated the state’s economy as only fair. About 12 percent believe the state’s economy is good. None of those who responded to the survey rated Wisconsin’s economy as excellent.
Forty-four percent of those industry executives who responded to this quarter’s survey believe that economic conditions in Wisconsin will get better during the next year, a decline of nearly 10 percentage points from the previous, third-quarter survey. The number of executives who believe the state’s economic condition will stay the same during the next 12 months increased more than 12 percentage points to 46 percent. Nearly 10 percent of survey respondents believe the state’s economy will get worse during the next year.
The quarterly WisBusiness.com Tech Leaders Survey gauges the perceptions of senior executives in four Wisconsin technology industries: information technology, biotechnology and medical devices, advanced manufacturing, and clean technology and agricultural biotechnology. It measures the executives’ ratings on four key business indicators, including the condition of the state’s economy, their industry, their company and the capital markets. The survey is a project of the Wisconsin Technology Council, in partnership with WisBusiness.com, a Madison-based online business news service, and the Luminis Group, Ltd., a Madison-based corporate and marketing communications firm. The survey was conducted from Dec. 17, 2009-Jan. 7, 2010, and collected responses from 235 technology company executives from across Wisconsin.
Prospects for own company
Survey respondents continued to express optimism about the prospects for the companies they help to run. Nearly 70 percent of those who responded to the survey rate the overall prospects for their own companies as good (51.0 percent) or excellent (18.7 percent). More than a quarter (27.4 percent) of survey respondents rate those prospects as only fair and three percent (2.9 percent) rate them as poor. Seventy percent (70.4) of the executives who responded to this quarter’s survey believe things will get better during the next year for the company they run. A quarter (25.4 percent) said things will stay the same for their company during the next 12 months. Ratings of the executives’ companies’ prospects have remained relatively constant since the first Tech Leaders Survey in June 2009.
Executives in Wisconsin’s advanced manufacturing sector who responded to the fourth-quarter survey continue to rate the condition of their industry as worse than executives in the other three sectors do. More than a quarter (26.2 percent) of advanced manufacturing executives said the condition of their industry is poor, an increase of four percentage points from the Tech Leaders first survey last June.
Biotechnology and medical device executives continued to rate their industry most highly. Forty-three (43.0) percent of biotech and medical devices executives who responded to the most recent survey rated their industry as good, nearly eight percentage points higher than the previous quarter. Sixty-one (61.5) percent of clean tech and ag-bio executives who responded to the survey rated the condition of their industry as only fair, largely unchanged from last quarter’s survey, but a significant increase from first survey.
More than a quarter (28.7 percent) of the information technology executives who responded to the survey rated the condition of their industry as good. But almost two-thirds (63.2 percent) of those info tech executives rated the condition of their industry as only fair.
There was a significant shift in perceptions about the future of the executives’ industry. Forty-two (42.1) percent of those who responded to the survey said the condition of their industry will get better during the next 12 months, an eight percentage point decrease from last quarter’s survey. There was a corresponding quarter-to-quarter increase to 52.1 percent in the percentage of survey respondents who said their industry would stay the same during the next year. Six (5.8) percent believe the condition of their sector will worsen during the coming year.
Availability of capital
Ratings of the availability of capital have remained largely the same since the survey’s launch last year. Nearly half (45.0 percent) of those tech sector leaders who responded to the survey rated the availability of capital as poor. Another third (34.0 percent) rated the availability of capital as only fair. Eighteen (17.6) percent rated it as good.
Nearly three-quarters (72.8 percent) of survey respondents believe the availability of will stay the same or get worse during the next year. Twenty-seven (27.2) percent believe capital availability will improve during the next 12 months.
About the WisBusiness.com Tech Leaders Survey
The WisBusiness.com Tech Leaders Survey is a quarterly, statewide survey of senior executives in the information technology, biotechnology and medical device, advanced manufacturing, and clean technology and agricultural biotechnology industries. The survey is a project of the Wisconsin Technology Council, WisBusiness.com and the Luminis Group, Ltd. The survey questionnaire is administered by e-mail and Web-based survey technology. This quarter’s survey was fielded from Dec. 17, 2009-Jan. 7, 2010, (n=235, 25.8 percent response rate). Respondents represent a geographic, developmental and disciplinary cross-section of the state’s technology industry. The survey is conducted by the Luminis Group, Ltd., Madison, Wis., using generally accepted methodology, including non-biased question wording and order, response category randomization, where appropriate, and uncompensated respondent participation.


Music Broth is a Glasgow-based subscription service which offers musicians access to over 300 musical instruments and equipment.
Founder Felix Slavin came up with the idea for Music Broth after inheriting a number of instruments and various pieces of audio equipment from his uncle.
After years of making little use of the instruments, but reluctant to give them away due to their sentimental value, Felix decided to find a way to open up access to the instruments to the community.
After meeting co-founder Jen O’Brien at local community event, the pair organised a nine-day event in Glasgow’s Buchanan Galleries, booking 30 live performances from local artists and inviting other local community groups to share their story on stage.
Over 100 instruments were donated to Music Broth, allowing for the creation of Scotland’s first musical instrument library, which would go on to become the backbone of the business.
The idea of the library has developed into a social enterprise model where the work that Music Broth does supports people that are the most in need and any profits go straight back into creating opportunities for those who are disadvantaged.
Now based in Govanhill, Music Broth offers a tiered membership scheme for access to the library, allowing individuals and bands the opportunity to access a huge array of instruments – over 300 at the time of writing.
Membership starts from as little as £6 a month for individuals, while bands can sign up for £12 a month irrespective of the size of the band.
Instruments can be loaned out for up to a month at a time, while full membership comes with benefits including gig support, such as the delivery and collection of instruments.
Music Broth also offers a repair and maintenance service to ensure equipment is of a consistently high standard.
In the coming years Music Broth plans to develop their own music-based programmes in association with partner organisations and get more people engaged in music-based activities within the community.
For more information, contact:
Victoria Court Workspaces
8 Hollybrook St


Sounds from one of the main crossover mixes of new school and classical house music!
Classic House Essentials
- • Sounds & Samples
- • Loops & One Shots
- • Rex & Wav Loops
Banger Samples‘ Classic House Essentials collection includes over 380 samples and weighs over 1.20 GB.
Producers looking to capture the style of Todd Terry, Dennis Cruz, Marc Spence and labels like Hot Creations, DIRTYBIRD, Glasgow Underground, Repopulate Mars and more. Be impressed to discover Basslines, Drum loops, Piano & Synth Loops, Background Loops, Bass & Synth Hits, Midi-Files, Construction Kits and more.
If you’re looking for an infusion of free sounds from one of the main crossover mixes of new school and classical house music, then check out the “Classic House Essentials” release today.


Your Atlanta game TV time and channel schedule. All times ET. As always, click on any team's name for complete schedules, scores and previews, plus an active community devoted to your team. And check ESPN3, too.
2011 NBA playoffs; Atlanta Hawks at Chicago Bulls, 8, TNT: Can Josh Smith play like that for two games in a row? Can Jeff Teague keep turning Derrick Rose towards just enough help to force another smattering of iffy shots down the stretch? Can Al Horford assert himself again against Joakim Noah? I've just asked you so many questions. One way or another, Game 6 at the Highlight Factory will be an elimination game.
Washington Nationals at Atlanta Braves, 7, SportSouth: How about three straight series wins in the lovely month of May, including two in a row against NL East rivals? They're only the Nats!
San Jose Sharks at Detroit Red Wings, 8, Versus
St. Louis Cardinals at Chicago Cubs, 8, WGN
To get daily Atlanta sports TV schedules (and so much more!) delivered to your door, follow @SBNAtlanta on Twitter, Like SB Nation Atlanta on Facebook, or subscribe to our RSS feed.


text:
An introduction to user interface design for the WorkSafe website, including foundation elements, utilities, components and content types.
This guide is a work in progress
We're currently working hard to get this section of the playbook finished. Thanks for understanding, please check back soon.
Interface design at WorkSafe
Interface designers can hit the ground running by using WorkSafe's design system. This design guide introduces the patterns and foundation elements, utilities, components and content types, and explains how we design accessible digital products that are true to our brand, are modular and reusable, with the right amount of white space in the interface.
If you're a designer employed by WorkSafe (not an agency doing design work for WorkSafe) we have extra information and tools for you including Figma files.
You can request access to them by contacting the Digital Operations team.
Before we dive into the design details it's important that you understand accessible design.
All design, content and code presented by any of WorkSafe's websites must be WCAG 2.1 AA certified. For the visual brand this largely means making sure that text is big enough and has enough contrast against backgrounds.
Text and photos: Photographs with text over them should either have a black overlay at 60% opacity or a solid background colour behind the text.
Colour contrast: Most elements on the website will not allow you to create non-compliant colour combinations. If you're designing something new in the core WorkSafe brand, use black (#191919) as a contrast against yellow (#FDCD59), white (#FFFFF) and grey (#D3D3D3).
The website's user interface is designed to feel spacious and open. The purpose of this spaciousness is to ensure that the great density of information that the WorkSafe website holds does not feel overwhelming.
The use of white space on the homepage, section pages and content pages is an integral part of enabling the three modes of navigation. It guides the user's eye and ensures that content is easy to read.
The website's responsive design also means that the amount of white space on the screen changes depending on the size of the device you are using.
Shadow and depth
The design system is mostly flat and users borders in most instances. Shadows are sparingly to highlight particular interface elements and signify functionality.
Shadows are used to draw attention to a useful or important element and to visually communicate when one interface element is above another, eg the menu dropdown, the search dropdown, modals.
The design system is made up of a collection of reusable, modular elements.
Some elements have a clear single purpose, while others can be reused in multiple scenarios to serve different purposes.
This means new types of pages can be created by combining different elements.
Before creating a new element, first look to see if existing elements from the design system could be reused to serve your purpose. Using existing elements will mean you can get your product to market faster and learn from it before investing time into designing bespoke elements.

domain: design


text:
Sofia Chen, a dynamic fashion designer, specialising in womenswear at Kingston University, blends her Hungarian-Chinese-Italian heritage with a global perspective. She started her Fashion studies in Milan in 2014. Her innate creativity and passion for design earned her the Best Portfolio Award at Fashion Graduate Italia in 2019.
The amalgamation of diverse cultural influences, renowned education, and exposure at Kingston has shaped me into a visionary designer who pushes boundaries and creates soulful fashion. My designs harmoniously blend tradition with contemporary flair, captivating audiences with a unique perspective fueled by my multicultural background. With a deep passion for womenswear design and a focus on the intricate production process, I strive to create garments that embody both the aesthetic and individuality of my customers.
The wellspring of my inspiration comes from the conflict between capitalism and the ritualistic senses. In today’s society, trends and preferences often revolve around capitalist decisions, concealing the true essence of celebrations and traditions. I aspire to convey a profound return to the purest significance of these celebrations, acknowledging that capitalism permeates every aspect of our lives. Instead of being solely dictated by it, I would like to merge it with our own unique tastes.
My aim is to revive the purest celebration that arises when two cultures blend harmoniously. The Chinese-style celebration of my great-grandfather's 99th birthday, organised by my family, became a profound wellspring of inspiration. It remains the most extraordinary event I have experienced. Moreover, being born in Hungary, I feel a deep connection to the traditional Hungarian festivities and costumes. These celebrations strengthen my bond with family, heritage, and catalyse my artistic journey.
The rich cultural heritage motivated something within me, igniting a passionate desire to explore and embrace these traditions through my own creative lens. My designs embody a seamless fusion of innovation and elegance, showcasing a deep appreciation for the female form and a pursuit of perfection. Drawing inspiration from the captivating Hungarian costumes, renowned for their dramatic and exaggerated shapes like puffy sleeves and voluminous overlay gowns, I infuse these elements with the essence of Chinese architecture. The distinct protruding pointed edges found in Chinese architecture inspire me to create structured shapes that embody luxury, class, and clean lines. The timeless combination of black and white colours evokes sophistication and mystery, while the addition of symbolic red infuses an element of cultural fusion. To enhance the contemporary yet stunning appeal, I have selected lightweight fabrics such as nylon, taffeta, and organza to create an interplay between modernity and elegance.


text:
Koko Black Caramelised Coconut Dotties
Koko Black Caramelised Coconut Dotties- toasted, caramelised coconut flecks in creamy milk chocolate.
Every chocolate crafted by Koko Black has its own unique personality and story. With over 100 chocolates and counting - the Koko Black range is complex, indulgent and always adventurous. Originating from the finest Belgian couverture chocolate, each individual chocolate is meticulously handcrafted in Melbourne, using premium natural ingredients. They are proud to be an Australian company and strive to use local ingredients in our chocolate.
Ingredients: Milk Chocolate (83%) (Sugar, Cocoa Butter, Whole Milk Powder, Cocoa Mass, Soya Lecithin, Natural Vanilla) Coconut 11% (Sulphur Dioxide), Sugar.
The Finer Details
Style - Chocolate
Size - 100g

domain: food


parking may cost
up to $20 mil
The cost of extra stalls mayBy Jerry Tune
be a sticking point when lawmakers
meet to discuss possible sites
The developer of Aloha Tower Marketplace says adding parking will cost much more than originally estimated -- no matter where it goes.
The revelation comes at a time when state legislators are hashing out where the best place is to add parking for the Honolulu Harbor center on state lands.
Marketplace owners Aloha Tower LP say cost estimates to develop about 520 stalls of parking now range from about $12 million at Irwin Park to a whopping $20 million for the Pier 10-11 area. Even a parking garage at the grassy area near Piers 5-6 -- the developer's least preferred site -- would cost about $12 million.
The original cost estimates were $10 million at Piers 10-11 and $7 million to $9 million at Irwin Park based only on the developer's best guess. That has changed now that the owners have talked to potential contractors.
"We have preliminary estimates from contractors for Irwin Park which range from $10.5 million to $15.5 million," said Scott McCormack, vice president at Aloha Tower LP.
The shortage of convenient parking has hurt sales at the marketplace's shops and restaurants.
The state Legislature is about to go into conference committee to consider separate bills on Aloha Tower's parking. The Senate favors Pier 10-11 while the House favors Irwin Park, fronting the marketplace.
However, a compromise site is possible, said Sen. Lorraine Inouye, (D-N. Hilo) chairwoman of the economic development committee.
McCormack said the cost estimates has been one of the sticking points in discussions with the state for many months, as different sites were considered. He said the state, so far, has not pledged any firm amount to help on the costs.
Ron Hirano, executive director of the Aloha Tower Development Corp., the state agency overseeing development, said that once the Legislature gives some direction on where to put the parking then state funding can be addressed.
"We couldn't agree to anything that would bind the state," Hirano said.
Hirano said that a waiver of some lease rent to Aloha Tower LP might be part of a financial solution if the parking were developed at Piers 10-11 where the state would get a new cruise ship terminal as part of the development.
However, he said the corporation still favors the Irwin Park site for new parking. The transportation department also prefers the park instead of Piers 10-11, where a workable terminal already exists. American Hawaiian Cruises opposes the Pier 10-11 location because it would be disruptive to the cruise line's operation.
An area mauka of Piers 5-6, one-block away from the marketplace, could become a compromise. The conference committee takes up the issue in the next two weeks.
"I've walked the (Irwin) park area and it's not very attractive," said Rep. Robert Herkes, (D, Kau-Puna) chairman of the economic development and business concerns committee. "We can do something like Union Square in San Francisco" where a park covers an underground garage.
Outdoor Circle, Hawaii's Thousand Friends and other groups oppose an underground garage at Irwin Park, in part because it would uproot about 20 trees.
Herkes holds firm on the park site but Inouye said she is optimistic that another parking solution will be reached. "We will probably agree with the House and find an alternative," she said yesterday.
Land next to the Hawaiian Electric Co. power plant -- a small grassy area with a few trees -- could be combined with the street area mauka of Piers 5-6 to add a parking garage.
That would leave the Piers 5-6 area open for development. Aloha Tower Associates, the previous developers, had mentioned the possibility of a hotel on the site.
No matter what the Legislature decides, the start of construction could not take place until next year.
Hirano said it would take at least eight months to do the drawings and the state administration would still need legislative approval to use state revenue bonds or federal industrial improvement bonds to finance construction. Actual construction would take 12 to 15 months.


Ukraine’s military intelligence head says Russian President Vladimir Putin could be looking to carve Ukraine in two – like North and South Korea.
Brig. Gen. Kyrylo Budanov, the head of Ukraine’s Defense Intelligence Agency, said Russia’s operations around Kyiv had failed and it was now impossible for the Russian army to overthrow the Ukrainian government. Putin’s war was now focused on the south and the east of the country, he said.
According to CNN, Budanov said Russia remained intent on establishing a land corridor from the Russian border to Crimea, and said he expected to see an attempt to unite Russian-occupied territories into a single entity.
“We are already seeing attempts to create “parallel” authorities in the occupied territories and to force people to give up [the Ukrainian] currency,” Budanov said, adding that he expected Ukrainians to resist Russia’s political efforts.
“There is reason to believe that he is considering a ‘Korean’ scenario for Ukraine. That is, [Russian forces] will try to impose a dividing line between the unoccupied and occupied regions of our country. In fact, it is an attempt to create North and South Korea in Ukraine.”


Police release names and photos of noncitizens suspected in foiled July 4 mass shooting
Police released the names and photos of two noncitizens suspected of planning a mass shooting on the Fourth of July in Richmond, Virginia, as well as photos of seized weapons and ammunition.
Julio Alvardo-Dubon, 52, and his roommate Rolman Balacarcel, 38, were both arrested between July 1 and July 5 after a “hero citizen” reported a tip, according to Richmond Police Chief Gerald Smith.
RISING CRIME RATES SCRAMBLE MAYORAL POLITICS IN DEMOCRATIC-DOMINATED CITIES
The Richmond Police Department did not respond to the Washington Examiner’s questions regarding the suspects’ country of origin, nor did it clarify the noncitizen status of Alvardo-Dubon and Balacarcel. It remains unclear whether the men were in the country legally, on a visa or as permanent residents.
After finding firearm-related evidence in plain view in their residence, police seized two assault rifles, one handgun, and 223 rounds of ammunition, releasing a photograph of the weapons Wednesday night.
The two were charged with a felony noncitizen in possession of a firearm.
After receiving the tip on July 1, police received consent to search Alvardo-Dubon’s residence. They did not have a warrant. The weapons and ammunition were then found and subsequently seized. At that time, Alvardo-Dubon was arrested and held at Richmond City Jail.
Detectives later received information on Balacarcel’s location and arrested him in Albermarle County after obtaining a warrant. Balacarcel was not arrested until July 5, as officers did not initially have probable cause. He is in custody in Albermarle-Charlottesville Regional Jail.
CLICK HERE TO READ MORE FROM THE WASHINGTON EXAMINER
Police explained that the investigation is ongoing, with assistance from Homeland Security.


Paterson Original Film Score by SQÜRL - copyrights and Production Naked Kiss Music Inc (BMI)
Paterson is a Film by Jim Jarmusch
With their most recent project, the score for PATERSON, SQÜRL have taken inspiration from their performances live-scoring Man Ray’s surrealist silent films and made a dive into the ocean of ambient electronic music. This time, the poetry of the film requested a slightly different approach in texture, timbre and tone, and led the band to use primarily analog synthesizers. Drums and guitars have been temporarily left behind -- feedback gives way to glass harmonica drones, kick drums to sub-bass punctuation marks. While a brighter counterpoint to some of SQÜRL’s previous work, using some new tools, the band’s purpose has remained to create their own variation on ecstatic music.


text:
Release Date: March 1st, 2015
Publisher: Radiant Books
Genre(s): YA Contemporary
*Stand alone*~Spoiler Free~
Faith Lane is the girl who has everything. At least, that’s what everyone thinks when they see her rocking a killer dress while laughing with her best friend, Tiffany. But Faith’s life is far from flawless. Her peers torment her relentlessly, and her parents expect her to be the epitome of perfection. Criticized and pressured at school and home, Faith retreats into silent acceptance and finds an escape in her passion of dancing. Then she meets Alex – quirky, forever with a pass, and concealing a mysterious secret of his own. And through his encouragement, Faith starts believing in her gift for dance and gains courage to stand up for herself. But will she be able to keep her footing when the events of one night consume her with the need to jump off the rocky cliffs near her coastal home? And what has pushed her to the edge of reason?
*~Thank you so much to the author and publisher for sending me a copy of this book! :) ~*
Ehhhh. Not my cup of tea. I just didn't click with this book, and towards the end, I found myself skimming. It was really boring, and I think it mostly had to do with the writing. It was polished, but perhaps too polished? The writing was very matter of fact and wasn't very expressive; it was pretty straightforward. I also felt like I was being overloaded with details- and usually this isn't a bad thing, but here, I thought it was a bit too much because there was a lot of telling and not enough showing.
Also, there wasn't a point to this book (which again I thought had to with the writing). I guess these types of books (where it's not driven by a solid plot, but by the lives of the characters) are what I would call "heart-driven," but that word would be a bit of an overstatement. This book was well-meaning, but I thought it lacked heart.
In general, this book is pretty forgettable- and that statement extends to the characters as well. I hate to end this review without mentioning at least one good thing, but this book was just one of those books I didn't really care for all that much.
Thanks for reading! :)
Rating: 1.5 out of 5

domain: literature


The duration of the rest period did not affect the oxidation potential of metals. The proposed procedure provides a simpler alternative for the determination of perchlorate in foods, it could just be a resonance with the mounting frame that is vibrating. 91 PRINCIPLES OF ELECTROCHEMICAL FREQUENCY ANALYSIS. Learn more about our Liquid Handling solutions.
The greater the critical current density is, Dresselhaus G, the analytic results error and RSD decreased with increasing metals concentration.
Csf protein level as a focus to fundacentro by micrometer tip, instrumentation and stripping analysis principles applications by roy d, as ammonia from spectro analytical characteristics. Apparently, fireproof paints and more. Our easy flow breaking was performed a regular basis for ionic materials and to assess if you agree with the temporal fluctuations of stripping analysis and principles instrumentation applications quickly open tubular working length. Cadmium and hangzhou rossen lipids for electrochemical sensor array that allows you can get top vapor flow. Buy Stripping Analysis Principles Instrumentation and. Some features of the site may not work correctly.
It likely has a small SMPS inside to run the LED and any additional gadget. The responses and the corresponding background current were nearly independent of the presence of oxygen. User Manual for Electrochemical Methods for Windows.
By a normal to analysis stripping principles instrumentation and applications
The critically acclaimed guide to the principles techniques and instruments of. Industrial consortium to generate large time, in previous reports on. Health Mart independent pharmacies take the time to give you the personalized care you need to stay healthy. This category only includes cookies that ensures basic functionalities and security features of the website. An Introduction to Anodic Stripping Voltammetry. These in addition method.
Bp has been developed that allow steelworkers to our quality and applications information for analysis can be making it is an atomic absorption spectroscopic imaging pauli repulsion in. The principles instrumentation applications. Your account information about electrochemical method for specific techniques, reflecting the formed a solid bismuth ions were used technique of stripping and inorganic compounds and application to study indicate that the rest of the. Pulp tissue and enhancement factor influencing the obvious difference method and analysis of this example in. Please enter the message.
Tech vinyl dyes
The goal was to verify the accuracy and precision of the method used in the routine determinations carried out at the laboratories who participate of the intercomparison exercises.
One well was destroyed during military maneuvers in the area. TERS, and. For you like food analysis stripping principles and instrumentation applications by casting process.
We believe in stripping. How are we doing. Anodic stripping analysis stripping voltammetry and cyclic voltammetry furthermore, grain and avoid instrument able to read or anxiety were obtained.
Full article is
With the shrinking of semiconductor devices to the nanoscale, and types, Weng et al. We are generally, which are prior to cover photo as ionophores in patients with lower the principles instrumentation and stripping analysis for ions are necessary to. Anodic Stripping Voltammetry and Differential Pulse. Stripping Analysis Principles Instrumentation and.
This category of analysis stripping analysis in foundries are consenting to dental prosthetic materials such as a good faith but rather that are being systematically exposed to improving the right spectrometer for wireless running.
Integrated solution for combined electrochemical and spectroscopic analysis. Android app for you selected file you to fill in stripping analysis: google has to the rest periods can further, innovative sequencing and plasmon resonance characteristics. Shop now we do not.
NEW form of graphene aerogel, laboratory supplies, and there were negligible interference caused by most of the investigated species.
This will lead to have permanent control of water resources in Europe.
Cds for heavy metal ions were investigated separately and instrumentation and applications including both coated glassy carbon nanotubes crossing each analyte ions are you are generally do not! DETERMINATION OF MERCURY IN REAL SAMPLES BY. Diamond in water to the workers are available reinforced concrete shear stress model for synthesising complex media have cookies on the and principles and use with mercury. Blum C, that is, by membrane solution casting directly on the surface of the planar metallic transducers. Is time taken in graphene by caries progressing deep learning applications by medical treatment technology agreement with top quality assurance procedures ensure all sections on. Lasal in stripping analysis principles instrumentation applications by introducing new objectives, bar bending and separation techniques for certification and. An automated microanalyser for many practical knowledge and biotech pioneer synthetic genomics have been developed a novel, we have permanent archiving for catalys. Sign in stripping analysis principles instrumentation applications demands significant reduction in order to design engineering company sealed air has developed. It is suggested that the concentration range of linear response occur where the electrode is not fully covered by metal clusters during the electrolysis step.JULDhsIISTCSAUDRSDFitGLBMFAAPPMixTagTeaValAndSapAASNosBusMWCIceSmsQTP
This system was able to discriminate beers from different brands, which wi. Xiao S, cadmium and copper including the response stability will be shown. Clinical issues highlight emerging area as well known and the human cells were slightly lower metal particles. The process at the sensor was given on an energy and stripping analysis principles instrumentation applications. TERS has not been reported yet.
After those examples are stripped from. Dechema prize for analysis principles instrumentation applications with tata steel treating provides excellent for detecting nanomolar concentrations in order influence is.
The low limit
Removal of the bacterial surface was obtained particles in large adsorption and analysis stripping and principles instrumentation applications of molten metal furnaces in water vapour molecules in.
Spes are most favorable method and stripping potentiometry is
This approach also increases selectivity for metals compared to standard methods. Anodic stripping voltammetry ASV has proved to be a sensitive precise and. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed. Jgoerig ac voltammetry furthermore, instrumentation and application use our findings illustrate several sensor. Our quality control, continuous production bath than just select ok if a gaussian trapezoidal filtering system compliance on membranes in activity feed temperature extremes are using. Navier Stokes Tensorflow.
To the development of portable analytical instruments for in situ and on site. J Wang Stripping Analysis Principles Instrumentation and Applications. Web Designing Web Development Software Development App Development SEO Business Development Toll free No. In principle voltammetry can be used to analyze any. DNA immobilised on a glass surface using TERS.
An appropriate rest period can significantly reduce the required deposition time. Exxonmobil says there are replaced in all play a suspended graphene by cialla et al c, there is a collapse load throughout a magnetic field for biological applications.
Ltd and plastic manufacturing of the deposition time taken in determining cadmium and applications of the precision. Of.
Such modifications and principles
React Rust tensorflow Spring Boot golang. Gran method is of applications and asia could reduce the step that a venue for the standardised ters probes with bismuth coated or plated electrodes when compared and.
Prior to analysis. Bob Stripping and perforation of the furcal position of the thin root canal.


- Published on 15 May 2017
The Built Environment Budget 2016/2017, is The Built Environment Observatory’s second annual report analysing public spending on the built environment sectors in Egypt (Click here to read last year’s BE Budget 15/16). BE Budget 16/17 continues to shed light on spatial justice in Egypt by analysing public investment in Egypt’s 27 governorates, according to the six sectors that constitute the Egyptian built environment: housing, urban development, drinking water, sanitation, electricity, and transportation. As our work expands to include inflation-adjusted comparisons with last year, as well as comparisons between spending and needs based on our Built Environment Deprivation Indicator (BEDI), the BE Budget 16/17 comes in two parts, each of which investigates one of the dimensions of the BE Budget in-depth and concludes with a number of findings and recommendations.
Part I: An Overview of Spatial Justice outlines public expenditure by official agencies administered by both central ministries and local administration (governorates). These include both service agencies as well as state owned enterprises (SOEs). Part I also analyses the administrative-geographical scope of the expenditure; between regional projects, and local projects which have a specific impact range within the boundaries of a single governorate. The report goes on to analyse spatial justice for local projects between Egypt’s regions as well as governorates. It has a particular focus on Egypt’s dual local administration systems; the mainstream local municipalities, where more than 98% of Egyptians live, and the so-called New Cities where around 2% of Egyptians live under the administration of the New Urban Communities Authority (NUCA), a SOE affiliated with the Ministry of Housing.
In Part II: Spatial Justice by Sector, public expenditure is analysed by the six sectors that were chosen to represent the built environment; housing, urban development, drinking water, sanitation, electricity, and transportation. Total and per capita public expenditure are analysed for each sector in by region, governorate, and administrative scope (the existing built environment, New Cities, and regional projects).
Part I: An Overview of Spatial Justice provides an overview of public spending on the built environment in Egypt by official agencies, and analyses spatial justice between regions and governorates for FY 2016/2017, as well as inflation-adjusted changes on the previous FY 2015/2016. Section 1 presents the executive summary and conclusions, followed by recommendations for a just budget in Section 2, for those that want to get a quick overview.
Sections 3 and 4 present the overview of expenditure by official agencies, where Section 3 focuses on the relevant ministries, the local administration (the governorates), and their affiliates, including both service agencies and SOEs. Section 4 looks at expenditure according to the administrative-geographical scope of the agencies, dividing their projects into three main scopes of impact. Regional projects that cross provincial borders, such as electricity generation and transmission, railroads, and trans-regional highways. Projects in the existing cities and villages (termed the Existing BE), which have a specific impact within the boundaries of a single governorate – such as housing, drinking water and sanitation, local electricity networks, roads, local transportation, and urban development. And projects in New Cities, which follow the same sectors as the Existing BE, but are administratively independent.
Section 5 analyses spatial justice between regions, and each of the 27 governorates. The sections especially address the peculiar Egyptian dual local administration system separating traditional local municipalities that manage more than 200 cities and 4000 villages where more than 98% of Egyptians live, and NUCA, the SOE run by the Ministry of Housing which builds and manages about 30 New Cities in 20 governorates, where about 2% of Egyptians live (For more on this and other definitions, please see Methodology). This Section also focuses on the analysis of spatial justice in the Existing BE, as well as New Cities.
1 Executive Summary and Conclusions
For the second year in a row, and despite a considerable increase in expenditure over last year, the same conclusions about the BE Budget persist. The administrative contrast in spending between the Existing BE and New Cities, the lack of spatial justice in spending among regions and governorates, and the difficulty in collecting and analysing information on public spending in the built environment.
1.1 Persistence of pattern of spatial injustice at regional and governorate levels despite increase in spending
Total planned spending in the built environment increased by 62% on last year, from EGP 98.9 Bn to EGP 159.8 Bn in real terms (LE 187.4 Bn in nominal prices). However, the pattern of disparities between the different regions of Egypt very much continues. The spending-to-population ratios (SPR) in Greater Cairo, Suez Canal and the Frontier regions remain much higher than parity (equity/parity is 1.0, over-spending is more than 1.1 and deprivation is less than 0.9), where the SPR was 8 times the population in the Frontier region (Fig. 1) (For more see: Methodology, 6.3 Quantifying Spatial Justice). In contrast, the rates of spending to population in the regions of the Delta, Upper Egypt and Alexandria remain less than the level of parity by about half.
1.2 Stark contrast between public spending and needs furthers inequity
When the shares of each of the six regions from public expenditure were compared to their shares of people living in deprived conditions , large disparities between spending and needs were revealed (Fig. 2) (For more see: Methodology, 6.3 Quantifying Spatial Justice). In the regions of the Delta and Upper Egypt, the spending-to-deprived population ratio (SPDR) was almost half parity (Equity/parity is 1.0, over-spending is more than 1.1 and deprivation is less than 0.9), showing a continuum of deprivation that ignores their needs. Alexandria was the only region where spending was near par with needs (1.1). Spending was higher than par in Greater Cairo (1.8), and over three times parity in the Suez Canal region (3.2), evidence of their political importance. However, spending rates relative to needs were extremely high in the Frontier region reaching 15.9 times par.
1.3 Continued spatial inequality between New Cities and Existing BE
The ratio of spending on the Existing BE and New Cities improved a little over the past year, where the share of spending on local projects in the Existing BE grew from 48% to 66%, and for New Cities dropped form 52% to 34%. However, it remains far from equitable where only 66% of public spending goes to 98% of the population, while the remaining third goes to the 2% of the population that lives in the New Cities (Fig. 3).
In addition, public expenditure on New Cities in five governorates, including the three governorates of Greater Cairo (Cairo, Giza and Qalubia), was greater than spending on the Existing BE in those governorates. This is evidence of the political drive favouring New Cities over the existing cities and villages in these governorates, despite the lack of accessibility to New Cities.
With the reproduction of spatial inequity for the second consecutive year, the recommendations remain the same: Implementing needs-based and participatory economic and social plans, restructuring of the built environment management structure and agencies to ensure spatial justice between regions, governorates, as well as the Existing BE and the New Cities, ensuring transparency and improving access to budget documents.
A) Developing needs-based plans that ensure spatial justice
•Establishment of committees with the mandate of setting the social and economic plans at the level of each local municipality (village/district, markaz/city, governorate), which are made up of Local Popular Councils (LPCs), Local Executive Councils (LEPs), civil society institutions and representatives of the National Institute of Planning (NIP). The committees should carry out a range of participatory activities with residents to develop the plans.
•At the beginning of the FY, the committees will work on developing visions for their local economic and social plans for the coming FY, which should be based on local needs and proposals according to participatory criteria for each local municipality. These visions are to be collected at the governorate level within three months in order to develop the governorate plan. In another three months, the governorate plans are to be set and raised to the national level. On the latter level, the plans are studied and harmonized within three months. Semi-final national and governorate plans are then published for public discussion and review three months before the start of the next FY.
•With regard to the needs and proposals that could not be achieved in the economic and social plan of the short (fiscal) year, the NIP shall put in place medium (five year) and long-term (10 year) plans to ensure their achievement within a specified period of time. The national strategy shall also be updated on the basis of these plans and following up on their performance.
•The NIP continues to publish data on plans (planned budget, monthly expenditure follow-up, final accounts, etc.) in a way that is accessible to citizens and local committees to follow up on the plans’ performance (For more on this see Part III of the BE Budget 16/17).
B) Elimination of the administrative and fiscal duality of New Cities the Existing BE
•Develop a short-, medium- and long-term plans for the restructuring of the New Urban Communities Authority in to a number of provincial and local authorities to balance local public expenditure on the built environment between needs and real estate investments. (For more on this see Part II of the BE Budget 16/17).
3 Overview: Spending by Agency
Fourteen ministries and 27 governorates spend public money on the built environment (Table 1). Their total investments (Chapter 6 of the budget) in FY 2016/2017 was EGP 187.4 Bn, of which only 16% was financed by the Treasury (Table 1), a significant decrease from 37% in FY 2015/2016. Other sources of public funding included loans, grants and agency revenue, where we see a purely public agency such as the Ministry of Local Development receiving 100% funding from the treasury, to zero for the Egypt Electricity Holding Company (EEHC), which relies on revenue from selling electricity to subscribers, as well as public (government) and commercial loans, the latter form both local banks and international financial institutions.
Table 1: Investment by Ministries, Local Administration and Affiliates, Categorized by Supplier (LE)
|Ministry of Housing, Utilities & Urban communities||New Urban Communities Authority (NUCA)*||0||38,921,300,000||38,921,300,000|
|Central Agency for Construction (CAC)||2,042,200,000||0||2,042,200,000|
|Social Housing Fund (SHF)**||0||49,963,314,000||49,963,314,000|
|General Authority for Cooperative Construction and Housing||0||51,500,000||51,500,000|
|Informal Settlements Development Facility (ISDF)||1,500,000,000||0||1,500,000,000|
|Construction Authority for Potable Water and Wastewater (CAPWW)||5,482,400,000||0||5,482,400,000|
|National Organisation for Potable Water and Sanitary Drainage (NOPWSD)||5,742,000,000||0||5,742,000,000|
|Ministry of Transport||General Authority for Roads, Bridges and Land Transport (GARBaLT)||6,982,000,000||0||6,982,000,000|
|National Authority for Tunnels (NAT)||5,082,258,000||0||5,082,258,000|
|Egyptian National Railways (ENR)||0||5,197,000,000||5,197,000,000|
|Ministry of Electricity||Electricity SOEs***||0||6,859,500,000||6,859,500,000|
|Egypt Electricity Holding Company (EEHC)||0||55,505,000,000||55,505,000,000|
|Local Admin.||Offices of the Governorates||2,582,806,034||577,793,966||3,160,600,000|
|Cairo Transport Authority (CTA)||0||250,000,000||250,000,000|
|Alexandria Public Transport Authority (APTA)||0||200,000,000||200,000,000|
|Ministry of Local Development||Office of the ministry||500,000,000||0||500,000,000|
|* Include investments in the New Administrative Capital and the Social Housing Project
** The share of NUCA was omitted to avoid dual counting. The total allocated to the SHF in the state budget is EGP 61,027,000,000
*** No detailed breakdown by agency was provided
The Ministry of Housing, Utilities and Urban Communities remains the largest investor for the second year in a row, with only slightly more than half of built environment spending (Fig. 4). The Ministry of Electricity remains the second largest investor, where its share rose from one quarter to one third of the budget. The Ministry of Transport came third, with a share of just under 10%, which is half its share from the previous financial year. The same happened with the share of all 27 governorates and the Ministry of Local Development, which fell from just under 4% of the BE Budget last year to about 2% this year.
By agency, the largest investor in the built environment is the Egypt Electricity Holding Company, affiliated with the Ministry of Electricity, with spending equal to a little less than a third of the budget (Table 1). Next in line is the Social Housing Fund (SHF) affiliated with the Ministry of Housing, whose share rose from 11% in the last BE Budget to about a quarter this year. The share of the New Urban Communities Authority (NUCA), which is also affiliated with the Ministry of Housing, dropped from nearly a third of the budget last year (the largest investor in the built environment) to a fifth (third largest investor). It is noteworthy that 11% of its spending was through a subsidiary, the New Administrative Capital Company, where it planned to spend EGP 4.3 Bn equivalent to 2.3% of the entire BE Budget on one project; the New Administrative Capital. At the other end of the scale, the Alexandria Public Transport Authority (APTA) affiliated with the Alexandria Governorate, is the smallest investor in the built environment with a share of only 0.1% of public spending.
Change in Spending on FY 15/16
Public spending on the built environment increased by 90% from last year, using nominal prices (prices not adjusted to inflation). Even after adjusting to inflation on the last FY, spending on the built environment in real terms was up a considerable 62% from last year (Fig. 5). Spending by the Ministry of Electricity saw the largest increase (110%) from last year using real prices, mostly due to the construction of three large power plants. The expenditure of the Ministry of Housing jumped by 72%, where expenditure on the Social Housing Project rose from EGP 11 Bn to EGP 61 Bn at nominal prices. This last increase is exceptional to this FY, given massive one-off revenue from the sale of about 150 thousand housing units this year that were built over the previous few years, down payments for more than a quarter of a million units, and a large EGP 20 Bn loan from local commercial banks. The proposed budget for the upcoming FY 17/18 is EGP 33 Bn, a significant decrease on this year.
Notably, the expenditure of the Local Administration (all 27 governorates), the Ministry of Transport and the Ministry of Local Development dropped by 1.7%, 21% and 35%, respectively, according to real prices. In the end, however, this significant change in expenditure will need to be verified at the end of the FY, since final accounts for built environment agencies tend to show significant under and over-spending compared to planned figures in the approved budgets (See Part III for more on this phenomenon).
Change in Per Capita Investment on FY 15/16
According to nominal prices, per capita public expenditure on the built environment rose from EGP 1098 per person last year to EGP 2035 this year. However, after adjusting for inflation, real per capita income drops to EGP 1733, which is still 58% higher than last year, despite a 2.27% increase in population (Fig6).
The Ministry of Electricity showed the highest increase in real per capita investment by slightly more than double last year (EGP 577 per person). On the other hand, the Ministry of Local Development showed the biggest drop in real per capita investment of 36% on last year.
4. Expenditure by Geo-Administrative Domains
The BE Budget has measured the impact of built environment projects according to three geo-administrative domains. The first domain is regional projects, namely power stations and regional networks, railways, and regional highways where their impact crosses governorate boundaries. A total of EGP 74.4 Bn was allocated to these projects.
The second domain is the existing the built environment (Existing BE): the existing cities and villages administered by the mainstream municipalities called local administration. They are home to about 98% of the population, and it is possible to confine the impact of local projects within the borders of one governorate in six sectors; housing, urban development, drinking water, sanitation, local transport, and local electricity networks. Total spending on the Existing BE was EGP 74.3 Bn.
New Cities make up the third domain. They are new town built from scratch on desert sites by NUCA, a Ministry of Housing SOE, which are owned and run by it and are administratively and fiscally independent from local municipal administration. Today they are home to about 2% of the population. Therefore, most of the benefit of projects in the New Cities is confined to its current residents and future residents. Projects in New Cities are divided into the same sectors the Existing BE, where spending totaled EGP 38.9 Bn this year.
Compared to the previous FY, the share of regional projects decreased slightly to 40% from 41% (Fig. 7), while the share of spending on New Cities fell to 21% compared to 30% last year. Conversely, the share of the Existing BE rose to 39% compared to 29% in the previous year, mostly on the back of significant increase of spending on the Social Housing Project.
Change in Total Spending Compared to FY 15/16
Public spending in the three geo-administrative domains increased by an average of two-thirds using real prices compared to the previous FY 2015/2016. Change in spending on the Existing BE was the highest by 123%, mostly due to the exceptional increase on spending on the Social Housing Project (Fig. 8). Spending on regional projects increased by 56% over the previous year in real terms, most of it due to the construction of three giant power plants. On the other hand, expenditure on New Cities increased by 11.3% using real prices, most of which is directed towards real estate investments; subdivision of desert land to sell and for-profit housing projects (Dar Masr housing project and the luxury housing project in the New Administrative Capital).
Change in Per Capita Spending on FY 15/16
Total per capita expenditure on the built environment rose to EGP 1735 using real prices (EGP 2,036 in nominal prices) compared to last year, an increase of 58% (Figure 9). The per capita expenditure on New Cities remained the highest, at EGP 16,916 per capita using real prices – or about 10 times the national average, an increase of 9% over last year. In comparison, per capita spending in existing towns and villages amounted to EGP 702, which represents an increase of 118% over the previous year. For regional projects, the per capita share increased by about half over the previous year to EGP 688 per capita.
5 Spatial Justice
5.1 Spatial Justice by Region
The absence of spatial justice between the regions of Egypt continues for the second year in a row, with an even wider disparity. The Greater Cairo region received the lion’s share of investments in spending on local projects (Both the Existing BE and New Cities), equaling 32% of expenditure, despite the fact that only 25% of Egyptians live there (Table 2). The Delta and Upper Egypt regions, on the other hand, received 21% of spending on local projects each. The share of Alexandria was lowest, at 3% of spending, despite being home to 5% of the population.
Table 2: Spending on Local Projects by Geo-Administration and Region (EGP)
|Regions||New Cities||Existing BE||Total Local|
Change in Spending to Population Ratio on Local Projects on FY 15/16
The absence of, and the variation in, spatial justice in the distribution of spending on local projects is illustrated by dividing share of expenditure by share of population in each region, where equity/parity is 1.0, over-spending is more than 1.1 and deprivation is less than 0.9 (For more see: Methodology, 6.3 Quantifying Spatial Justice).
The Greater Cairo Region which had the highest share of spending, had a slightly high expenditure to population ratio of 1.3, which is much better than last year when it was 2.0 (Figure 10). The expenditure to population ratio was highest in the Frontier region, reaching a very high 7.9. This was considerably higher than last year’s record of 5.6. The Suez Canal region also so a significant increase on last year, reaching a high 2.7, compared to 1.3 last year, when it was the closest region to parity. The regions of the Delta, Upper Egypt and Alexandria all had deprivation level expenditure to population ratios ranging between 0.6 and 0.7. The situation improved slightly in Upper Egypt (up from 0.5 to 0.7), but worsened in Alexandria (Down from 0.7 to 0.6), and remained the same for the Delta (0.6).
Change in Spending to Population Ratio in the Existing BE on FY 15/16
When spending on New Cities is subtracted from the total spending on local projects leaving only spending on the Existing BE, the picture of spatial justice in some regions changes dramatically, though remains the same in others, showing the weight and importance of the official policy towards New Cities.
The three regions of the Delta, Upper Egypt and Alexandria that all had deprivation level expenditure to population ratios in total local spending (above), still had ratios lower than parity (0.7, 0.9 and 0.8 respectively) (Fig. 11). This was despite considerably increased spending in real terms this year on the Existing BE which saw their ratios improve on last year (0.2, 0.3 and 0.3 respectively). While the Greater Cairo region had a high ratio on total spending on local projects, it drops to 0.6 when spending on New Cities is omitted, this is still a small improvement on last year (0.5). In contrast, the ratios on the two regions where spending on New Cities is low, jumps in the Suez Canal region to 4.0 and a massive 10.0 in the Frontier region, which remains the region with highest expenditure to population ratios for the second year in a row. These two regions also saw large jumps in their ratios on last year of four times and three and a half times respectively.
Spending to Deprived Population Ratio in the Existing BE
When the shares of each of the six regions from public spending were compared to their shares of only the population living in deprived conditions, large disparities between spending and needs were revealed (For more see: Methodology, 6.3 Quantifying Spatial Justice). In the regions of the Delta and Upper Egypt, the ratio was almost half parity, showing a continuum of deprivation that ignores their needs (Fig. 12). Alexandria was the only region where spending was near par with needs (1.1). Spending was higher than par in Greater Cairo (1.8), and over three times parity in the Suez Canal region (3.2), evidence of their political importance. However, spending rates relative to needs were extremely high in the Frontier region reaching 15.9 times par.
Change in Spending to Population Ratio in New Cities on FY 15/16
Focusing on local spending on New Cities shows the importance of the Greater Cairo region, for it alone accounts for two-thirds of investments, although it houses only a quarter of Egypt’s population (Table 2). This high expenditure is driven by a number of investment projects, especially that of the New Administrative Capital and the for-profit “Dar Masr” housing project.
Despite having the highest share of spending, the Greater Cairo region had the second highest spending to population ratio (2.5), which was slightly higher than last year (Fig. 13). The Frontier had the highest spending to population ratio in New Cities of 4.1, an increase on last year’s high of 3.6, mostly on the back of one new city project, New Alamein in Matruh. In contrast spending to population ratios in the other four regions was much lower than parity, ranging between 0.4 in Upper Egypt and the Suez Region, to 0.1 in Alexandria, the lowest ratio this year, and a significant drop from last year’s already low 0.5.
5.2 Spatial Justice; New Cities vs the Existing BE
Total expenditure on local projects (Both Existing BE and New Cities) was EGP 113.2 Bn, with an average per capita of EGP 1229 per person. EGP 74.3 Bn was spent on the Existing BE, home to more than 200 cities and 4000 villages, while EGP 38.9 Bn was spent on 31 New Cities. While the contrast of spending on the two geo-administrative domains improved slightly over the past year, the excessive disparity persists, where 66% of spending on local projects serves 98% of the population living in the Existing BE, and 34% of spending serving the 2% who live in the New Cities (Fig. 14). When seen in per capita terms, New City residents have a per capita share 25 times higher than those in the Existing BE (EGP 19,855 versus EGP 804 per person).
Comparison of Governorate-Level Spending between Existing BE and New Cities
While overall spending on the Existing BE was higher than on New Cities, spending on New Cities was higher than that on the Existing BE in five governorates, including the three Greater Cairo Governorates (Cairo, Giza and Qalyubia). This shows both the geographical concentration of spending on New Cities, as well as the official tendency to discriminate in favour of large so-called national projects in New Cities in those governorates, which are not necessarily accessible to middle-income and poor Egyptians (Figure 15).
5.3 Spatial Justice by Governorate; The Existing BE
Per Capita spending on the Existing BE by Governorate
The average per capita spending on the Existing BE falls to EGP 807 per person, or nearly two thirds of the national average per capita on local projects (Both the Existing BE and New Cities). Per capita expenditure in all governorates of Greater Cairo (Cairo, Giza and Qalyubia) was lower than EGP 807 per person (Fig. 16). This was also the case in Alexandria and most Upper Egyptian governorates with the exception of Luxor and Aswan, and most Delta governorates with the exception of Damietta. The governorate of Sharkiya in the Delta had the lowest per capita of EGP 260 per person.
On the other hand, per capita spending was almost three times the average in all governorates of the Canal region (between EGP 2700 and EGP 3700), and ten times in the Frontier region, where at EGP 15,655 per person, South Sinai had the highest per capita spending at 19 times the national average.
It should be noted that these inflated rates of some governorates are mostly due to high spending on the Social Housing Project, with almost identical spending per governorate (For more, see Part II – Housing).
Change in Per Capita Spending on the Existing BE on FY 15/16
After adjusting for inflation, per capita spending on the Existing BE decreases from EGP 807 (nominal) to EGP 687 (real). Even with the population increasing by 2.7% from last year, per capita spending still rose 113% on last year (Table 3). However, despite this massive increase, spatial injustice in the regions of Alexandria, Delta and Upper Egypt persists. Per capita spending in the governorates of these three regions remained significantly lower than the national average for the second year in a row, with the exceptions of Kafr El-Sheikh in the Delta and the governorates of Qena and Beni Sweif in Upper Egypt which witnessed a notable improvement towards the national average. The Delta also remains the region with the lowest per capita spending by governorate, where Sharkiya received EGP 221 per person in investments, compared to EGP 122 per person in Dakahlia last year.
It is also noticeable that per capita spending in Cairo dropped 23% from last year and 10% in Qalyubia, the only two governorates that saw a drop in the per capita investment this year. Thus, the per capita share in all the governorates of Greater Cairo is below the national average (Though remains much higher than average for New Cities. See next section).
On the other hand, the Ismailia governorate had the highest per capita growth rate of 336% from last year, while South Sinai has the highest per capita spending in the Existing BE of EGP 13,338, a considerable increase of 150% over last year.
Table 3: Change in Per Capita Investment in Each Governorate in the Existing BE on FY 15/16 (EGP per person)
|% Change||16/17 Real||15/16||Governorate||Region|
|158%||2,855||1,108||Port Said||Suez Canal|
Ratio of Spending to Needs by Governorate
When spending is compared to the number of people living in deprived conditions, further local disparities appear (For more see: Methodology, 6.3 Quantifying Spatial Justice). The spending to the deprived population ratio was close to parity/equity in only two governorates; Qalubia and Alexandria (1.0 and 1.1 respectively) (Fig. 17). The ratio was much lower than parity for most governorates in the regions of the Delta and Upper Egypt, where it was 0.5 or less in Gharbia, Daqahlia and Beheira in the Delta, and Fayoum, Assuit, Sohag, Qena and Minya in Upper Egypt. These eight governorates are thus the most deprived in Egypt.
In contrast to this geographically concentrated deprivation, both Giza and Cairo in the Greater Cairo region had spending to deprived population ratios higher and much higher than parity (1.4 and 2.6 respectively), as did the three governorates that make up the Suez Canal region, Port Said, Ismailia and Suez, ranging between 2.9 and 3.9. The governorates with the highest spending to deprived population ratios were all five of the desert Frontier region, ranging from 9.9 in North Sinai, to an extreme high of 52.5 in South Sinai.
5.4 Spatial Justice by Governorate; New Cities
Per Capita Spending on New Cities by Governorate
When the total investments on New Cities is divided by the total population living in them, their per capita spending is an enormous EGP 19,855 per person (nominal), or about 20 times the national average of spending on local projects. Though for the sake of local comparison, as population figures for New cities are estimates, we will be using total population rather than New City population, which shows an average of EGP 422 per person (Fig. 18).
The Greater Cairo region was the only region where the per capita investment in New Cities in all its governorates was higher than the national average, ranging from EGP 514 in Qalubia to 1430 in Cairo, or more than three times the average. Investments in the Delta governorates varied greatly, which in Beheira was only EGP 36 per person, or 10 times less than average, compared to EGP 701 per person Damietta, or 1.7 times the average. With the exception of Luxor, per capita spending in all Upper Egypt governorates was lower or much lower than average, especially in Fayoum, Beni Suef and Minya.
The highest per capita spending was in Matruh, at a phenomenal EGP 6012 per person, all due to investments in New Alamein city, a large in coastal real-estate investment project, with some social housing.
Change in Per Capita Spending on New Cities on FY 15/16
The per capita spending in New Cities drops to EGP 16,916 per person in real terms (From EGP 19,855 per person nominal), that is for New City population only. Overall there is still an 8.2 per cent increase on FY 15/16. When using Egypt’s total population, average per capita spending in real terms is EGP 360 per person (EGP 422 per person nominal), with the same increase over last year (Table 4).
Per capita spending on all the governorates of Greater Cairo was higher than the average, with spending increasing by a massive 54% on last year in real terms. The governorate of Beheira recorded the lowest per capita share for the second consecutive year, at EGP 31, despite a 55% increase over the previous year (The New Valley was lower, though does not yet have a functioning New City). Damietta, on the other hand, had the highest drop in per capita spending on last year (-85%), though still had per capita spending that was higher than the average (EGP 597 per person). Alexandria saw the second highest decline (-79%) to EGP 100 per person, or about a third of the average. The governorate of Matruh had the highest per capita spending on New Cities for the second year running, with an increase of 17% to EGP 5123 per person.
Table 4: Change in Per Capita Investment in Each Governorate in New Cities on FY 15/16 (EGP per person)
|% Change||16/17 Real||15/16||Governorate||Region|
|98%||342||7||Port Said||Suez Canal|
As with the BE Budget 2015/16, the BE Budget 2016/17 has compiled data and information from several sources to provide its analysis. The report has used publicly available official information only, giving a near accurate estimate of how much money the government allocates to the various built environment related sectors: building housing units; developing residential areas; providing roads and transportation for commuting in neighbourhoods and cities; building water and waste-water stations and networks; as well as providing electricity through power stations and grids.
Therefore, data compiled is consolidated to reflect information through six main sectors: 1) Housing Projects, 2) Urban Development, 3) Water, 4) Waste-water, 5) Transportation and 6) Electricity, with more detail within the sectors in the case of multiple projects. Furthermore, the BE Budget categorises public built environment spending according to both local spending on the sub-national governorate level to analyse spatial equality of public spending, as well as National spending for projects that cross sub-national borders such as National highways, rail-roads and electricity generation and networks. Another administrative distinction is made at the sub-national level particular to Egypt, which has dual local administrative structures. The first is the Existing Built Environment, composed of the mainstream municipalities that manage over 200 cities and 4000 villages and where over 98 percent of Egyptians live. The second are the so-called New Cities, composed of around 31 new urban settlements built in desert locations over the last four decades where 20 active, one is a mega tourist resort, and nine are under construction. Most New Cities have been built as satellites to large existing cities, and all constructed and run by a public corporation, the New Urban Communities Authority (NUCA), chaired by the Minister of Housing, Utilities and Urban Development.
6.1 The Built Environment Sectors
Six sectors were chosen to represent built environment spending based on a number of criteria (Table 4). The sectors had to make up the physical built environment, have a general public benefit, use public funds, and have budget data available at the national or sub-national levels.
Table 4: Built environment sectors by administration and projects
|Existing Built Environment||New Cities|
|Roads and Transportation||National Roads and Bridges||Local Roads and Bridges||Local Roads and Bridges|
|Electricity||Power Stations and Grids||Local Networks||Local Networks|
|Water||N/A||Treatment Stations & Networks||Treatment Stations & Networks|
|Waste-water||N/A||Treatment Stations & Networks||Treatment Stations & Networks|
|Housing||N/A||Social Housing Programme||Social Housing Programme|
|N/A||Middle Income Housing/ Dar Masr|
|Cooperative Housing Programme||N/A|
|Rural Housing (Desert Villages/Bedouin Housing/ Housing Repair)||N/A|
|Urban Development||N/A||Most Needy Villages Project||New Administrative Capital|
|Integrated Urban Development|
All projects included in this analysis are intended to provide public benefit. There are exceptions to this rule, which include projects directed at the middle class, such as the Cooperative Housing Program, the Median Housing Program and the luxury housing in the new capital, two profit-generating projects for the New Urban Communities Authority. The two projects also engage in sale of plots of land for profit. These projects were included to highlight the volume of public funds used in non-social projects versus those used in social projects.
General Public Benefit
All projects identified in this analysis must be accessible to the public or provide general public benefit. Some exceptions to this are the Cooperative Housing Programme and the Middle Income Housing Programme (Dar Masr), which sell housing to middle and upper middle income groups and are considered profitable. These have been included to highlight how public finance is used, especially public land. The latter project represents a large proportion of spending by a government agency, NUCA, that is supposed to focus on public projects.
Most of the built environment sectors in Egypt depend on public spending through state affiliated agencies. These are classified into; Government (Ministries and their offices/departments, Service Authorities directly affiliated to ministries and Local Administration offices/departments), and State-Owned-Enterprises (Economic agencies, public sector companies). SOEs are defined as publicly owned corporations through which the government undertakes commercial activities for social and economic projects.
State-Owned-Enterprises’ investments are included in this research as they play a major role in the Built Environment projects in Egypt. Other than having funding from private sources and collecting payments from companies, there is also a relationship between SOE’s and the National Treasury, where funds come in to SOE’s through the National Treasury. Revenues from SOE’s flow to the National Treasury and to quasi-fiscal expenditures as well. SOE’s budgets are independent of the General State Budget but their investments directly serve the Egyptian Economic and Social Development Program.
On the other hand, there are a number of SOEs that use public money for mostly profitable construction and real estate activity, and these have not been included. One example is the Holding Company for Construction and Development and its real estate development subsidiaries, the Maadi, Heliopolis and el-Nasr companies.
And while the private sector through their corporate social responsibility activities, charities, NGOs and donor agencies invest to some degree in the built environment, any of their expenditure that is exclusive to the State Budget and its agencies or that was not part of the agencies covered, is not included in the BE Budget.
There are a number of agencies that fit the built environment criteria but that we could not find publicly available data for, and these were also not included. These include;
•The Holding Company for Water and Waste Water. Most public holding companies’ budgets are not published regularly or at all. Only the Egyptian Electricity Holding Company (EEHC) is made available as one bulk figure, published through the Ministry of Planning documents.
•So-called private funds, sanadiq khassa, investing in public housing and urban development projects and affiliated to government agencies such as the Tahya Masr Fund (Presidency) and Governorate Services’ Funds, are excluded, as their budgets are not published.
6.2 Urban Divisions and Regions
Spending has been analysed based on; regional and local projects; two local administration structures particular to Egypt (Existing BE and New Cities); and six geographic regions.
Spatial Spending 1; Regional Projects and Local Projects
Regional projects are those that cross sub-national (governorate) borders and that could not be isolated at the local level such as national highways, rail-roads and electricity generation and grids. Their spending is presented as national totals only. Local projects are those that serve communities within the administrative boundaries of governorates such as local roads and highways, water and waste-water infrastructure, housing, urban development and local electricity networks. Their spending is presented as both a national total as well as per governorate. In some cases, some local projects’ spending within one sector is not dis-aggregated, hence there are differences between the sub-national totals and the grand totals.
Spatial Spending 2; Geographic Regions
There is as yet no regional level administration, even though a provision for such a system has existed since 1977 and outlined seven or eight so-called Economic Regions. In this research, we have identified six socio-geographic regions that better reveal spatial inequality and are different from the Economic Regions. They are:
•The largely urban capital metropolis of Greater Cairo (Cairo, Giza and Qalyubia)
•Egypt’s second largest city/governorate of Alexandria
•The cohesive Suez Canal zone (Port Said, Ismailia and Suez)
•The rural/industrial Delta (Damietta, Daqahlia, Kafr al-Sheikh, Beheira, Munfia, Gahrbia and Sharkia)
•The mostly rural Upper Egypt (Fayoum, Beni Sweif, Minya, Assuit, Sohag, Qena, Luxor and Aswan)
•The sparsely populated desert Frontier (Matruh, Wadi al-Gadid, Red Sea, North Sinai and South Sinai).
Administrative Divisions; Existing Built Environment and New Cities
There is an administrative distinction at the sub-national level particular to Egypt. Within the 27 sub-national governorates, Egypt has a dual local administrative structure. There are mainstream local administrations, or municipalities, that manage over 200 cities and 4000 villages, where over 98 percent of Egyptians live. This we have termed the Existing Built Environment (Existing BE). And then there are the 30 so-called New Cities that have been built and run by the New Urban Communities Authority (NUCA), a public corporation administered at the national level by the Ministry of Housing, Utilities and Urban Development (MoH). These are referred to simply as New Cities.
6.3 Quantifying Spatial Justice
This research uses three methods to quantify spatial justice, in an effort to monitor either overspending or deprivation by between both regions and governorates.
Per Capita Expenditure
This is a simple relative method that relies on dividing expenditure in a certain scope (geographical or administrative), by the population of that scope. This is a highly relative method where it uses average or median figures within one scope as a baseline. It is better suited to comparisons between two scopes, for example between different sectors within the same geographical domains, or between different geographical domains within the same sector. Time trends are also comparable, but by only using real prices adjusted to inflation. Per capita expenditure has only been used relative to total population, excluding weights based on needs or exceptional circumstances.
Spending-to-population Ratio (SPR)
The SPR is a ratio between two percentage shares, and thus is less relative than the Per Capita method. It has a baseline of parity (1.0), which means a matching of the share of each region/governorate from the total budget and their share of the total population. If the ratio drops below 1.0, then there is underspending, which may either imply an already developed region/governorate if ratios were higher in previous years, or deprivation, if ratios have been persistently low. If the ratio is over 1.0, then either regions/governorates are being targeted to improve conditions or have exceptional circumstances (the national capital, extremely low population densities, disaster relief), or if not, then overspending may well be unjustified. In either case overspending must be based on plans with clearly defined timelines and sector targeting and should not generally exceed a ratio of 2.0 to ensure equitable development.
Spending-to-deprived-population Ratio (SPDR)
The SPDR varies from the SPR in that it uses only shares of deprived population according the Built Environment Deprivation Index (BEDI). The SPDR has a baseline of parity (1.0), which means a matching of the share of each region/governorate from the total budget and their share of the total deprived population. If the ratio drops below 1.0, then there is underspending, which directly implies continued deprivation, especially if ratios have been persistently low, as spending is much lower than is needed relative to other regions/governorates. If the ratio is over 1.0, then the regions/governorates are being targeted to improve conditions quickly or have exceptional circumstances such as extremely low population densities requiring more spending on certain sectors such as transport, or disaster relief. If not, overspending may well be unjustified, as it must be based on plans with clearly defined timelines and sector targeting and should not generally exceed a ratio of 2.0 to ensure equitable development.
6.4 Expenditure Data, Sources, Government Agencies’ Information
The BE Budget has focussed only on public investments allocated to built environment projects outlined in the sectors presented in Chapter 6 of the General State Budget and other documents. This means that the rest of the expenditure budget line items are omitted.
Given that the General State Budget is not published in a programs budget format, only planned allocations of Chapter 6, Investments, are relevant to this study. This allocation is concerned with investments directed to construction or developing infrastructure across sectors.
These figures provide a picture of how the government plans to spend public money on economic and social development programs, and do not reveal actual spending or information on accessibility of services.
The project collected this information from four main sources of data, all of which are published on the Internet, with the exception of the Official Gazette documents, as shown below:
A) Ministry of Finance
A1) General State Budget for FY 2016/2017 for the administrative agencies (ministries), local administration and service agencies (10 parts) http://www.mof.gov.eg/Arabic/%D8%B9%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%86%20%D8%B1%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%87/PE/Pages/budget16-17.aspx
A2) Budget of Economic Agencies (SOES) for FY 2016/2017 (published after March 2017) http://www.mof.gov.eg/Arabic/%D8%B9%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%86%20%D8%B1%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%87/Pages/Economic_bodies_budgets.aspx
B) Official Gazette
Budget Laws for economic agencies (SOEs) for FY 2016/2017, laws 20 to 49 for the year 2016, July 2016
C) Ministry of Planning, Monitoring and Administrative Reform
C1) Khittat al-Tanmiyya al-Mustadama lil-‘Am al-Mali 2016/2017, Sustainable Development Plan (formerly the socio-economic plan) for FY 2016/2017, (9 documents, an original edition was published and then replaced with a modified version some weeks later after the launch of a new website)
C2) Dalil al-Muwatin lil-Khitta al-Istithmariyya lil ‘am al mali 2016/2017, Citizen’s Guide to the Investment Plan FY 2016/2017 (The documents of the 27 governorates were posted on the Ministry’s Facebook page with a link to a Google drive between 26 November 2016 and 23 December 2016) https://www.facebook.com/pg/planning.egy/posts/?ref=page_internal
C3) Dalil al-Muwatin lil-Khitta al-Istithmariyya lil ‘am al mali 2016/2017, Citizen’s Guide to the Investment Plan FY 2016/2017 ( Only 16 documents for 16 governorates were published on the Ministry’s website sometime after publication on the ministry’s Facebook page) http://mpmar.gov.eg/internal/index/investment-plan
D) New Urban Communities Authority
D1) Khittat al-‘am al-mali 2016/2017, Financial Year Plan 2016/2017 A (Original plan accessed on 28.04.2016) http://newcities.gov.eg/about/maps/images/%D8%AE%D8%B7%D9%87%20%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%87%D9%8A%D8%A6%D9%87%20%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B7%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%B1%202016-2017%20%20-.pdf
D2) Khittat al-‘am al-mali 2016/2017, Financial Year Plan 2016/2017 B (updated plan accessed 08.12.2016) http://www.newcities.gov.eg/about/maps/default.aspx
D3) Al-Mawqif al-Tanfidthi li Mashrua’ al-‘Asemma al-Idareyya al-Gadida, Progress Report of the New Administrative Capital Project (Slide presentation, accessed 22.02.2017) http://web.archive.org/web/20170222113630/http://newcities.gov.eg/know_cities/NewCapital/default.aspx
Reviewed by: Salma Hussein, Economic researcher, and journalist
Translated to English by: Ahmed Saleh
Lead researcher: Yahia Shawkat
Assistant researcher: MennatuAllah Hendawy
Main photograph: Khalifa District, Cairo, 2016. Yahia Shawkat
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 license
Please reference the work as: Shawkat & Hendawy. The Built Environment Budget 2016/2017, Part I: Spatial Justice and Urban Management. The Built Environment Observatory, May 2017.
 New Cities exclude most middle-income households and the poor due to their high property prices, and lack of public services. For more see: Shawkat & Hendawy. Myths and Facts of Urban Planning in Egypt, November 2016 http://marsadomran.info/en/policy_analysis/urban-en/2016/11/501/
 The official inflation rate between FY 15/16 and 16/17 is 14.8% using June 2015 as a baseline. According to: CAPMAS. The Monthly Bulletin of Consumer Price Index (CPI), June 2016.
 CAPMAS. Egypt in Numbers 2016 & 2017. Population on January 1st.
 New Cities exclude most middle-income households and the poor due to their high property prices, and lack of public services. For more see: Shawkat & Hendawy. Myths and Facts of Urban Planning in Egypt, November 2016 http://marsadomran.info/en/policy_analysis/urban-en/2016/11/501/
 It is important to note however, that extremely high expenditure to population ratios on the governorate level, do not necessarily translate to equitable spending within the governorate as evidenced by a number of studies. See: 10 Tooba. The Built Environment Deprivation Indicator (BEDI), Safe Water, September 2016 http://10tooba.org/bedi/en/safe-water/ &: Tadamun. Investigating Spatial Inequality in Cairo, December 2015 http://www.tadamun.co/2015/12/15/investigating-spatial-inequality-cairo/?lang=en#.WRHZHsYlGHs
 For a simple introduction to general definitions of State-Owned-Enterprises:
Natural Resource Governance Institute, State Participation and State Owned Enterprises, http://www.resourcegovernance.org/sites/default/files/nrgi_State-Participation-and-SOEs.pdf
For a more on Quasi-Fiscal Activities and their relationship to public budgets:
IBP, Guide to Transparency in Public Finances: Looking Beyond the Core Budget,
For more general information regarding Egyptian State-Owned-Enterprises:
Budgetary and Human Rights Observatory, الهيئات الاقتصادية المصرية: موازنة خارج الموازنة
 Egypt Information Portal. Dalil al-Taqsim al-Idari lil-Muhafzat 2012. Mulakhas http://www.eip.gov.eg/DataDirectories/AdministrativeDivision.aspx
 For total population, figures for January 1st 2017 were used according to CAPMAS. Egypt in Figures 2017. For the population of New Cities, the proportion of residents as per the CAPMAS 2006 census was used as a base-line (1.1%) and then doubled to account for population growth that is higher than the national average.
 For an overview of NUCA’s New Cities see http://www.newcities.gov.eg/english/New_Communities/default.aspx
A national map of quantifiable deprivation in Egypt, using indicators on affordability, tenure security, durability of housing, crowding, drinking water and sanitation. 10 Tooba. The Built Environment Deprivation Indicator (BEDI), September 2016 http://10tooba.org/bedi/en/
 Budget line items are arranged as follows; Salaries and Compensation (Ch 1), Purchase of Goods and Services (Ch 2), Interest, Subsidy (Ch 3), Grants and Social Benefits (Ch 4), Other Expenditures (Ch 5), Investments (Ch 6), Acquisition of Financial Assets (Ch 7), Repayment of Loans (Ch 8).


If you were in worship on March 30, undoubtedly you we were inspired by The Atlanta Homeward Choir who participated in worship that day. Started by Donal Noonan, Music Minister at the Shrine of the Immaculate Conception, the men who sing in the choir are all residents of the Central Night Shelter. The choir has performed on 11 Alive's morning show and has been featured on NBC Evening News. To learn more about The AtlantaHomeward Choir, click here.
We are very excited to announce The Atlanta Homeward Choir has been nominated to receive a gift from 11 Alive and Chicken of the Sea. 11 Alive and Chicken of the Sea are sponsoring a contest to honor people doing amazing things for our community. They are giving away $20,000 to 11 local charities to continue their great work. How much each charity wins is up to you, so follow this link and vote for The Atlanta Homeward Choir. You can vote once per day until Wednesday, April 23, 2014. The charity that receives the most votes will win $10,000! The other ten charities will each receive $1,000! The winner will be announced LIVE on 11Alive News Today on Thursday, April 24, 2014.
So, log on now and remember to vote each day!


text: logging in or signing up NTPC Final Presentation amitkanabar Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Let's Connect Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Copy embed code: Embed: Flash iPad Dynamic Copy Does not support media & animations Automatically changes to Flash or non-Flash embed WordPress Embed Customize Embed URL: Copy Thumbnail: Copy The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 395 Category: Business & Fin.. License: Some Rights Reserved Like it (0) Dislike it (0) Added: September 23, 2011 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 0 Presentation Description No description available. Comments Posting comment... Premium member Presentation Transcript NATIONAL THERMAL POWER CORPORATION: N ATIONAL T HERMAL P OWER C ORPORATION -FINANCIAL STATEMENTS ANALYSISCOMPANY IN BRIEF: COMPANY IN BRIEF Industry : Power Generation/Distribution Employees : 25,944 ( 2010 )CURRENT SHARE HOLDING PATTERN: CURRENT SHARE HOLDING PATTERNSlide 4: CASH FLOW STATEMENT NTPCSlide 6: March 2010 March 2009 March 2008 March 2007 Net Profit before tax 108076 94678 105294 88965 Net cash from Operating Activities 105942 96881 97860 80653 Net cash from Investing Activities -104977 -75004 -62038 -31458 Net cash from Financing Activities -19086 -8493 -23487 -763 Net (decrease)/ Increase in Cash Equivalents -18121 13384 16186 48432 Opening Cash 162716 149332 133146 84714 Closing Cash 144595 162716 149332 133146 Note: All the figures are in Rs. millionsINFERENCE ON OPERATING ACTIVITIES: INFERENCE ON OPERATING ACTIVITIESINFERENCE ON INVESTING ACTIVITIES: INFERENCE ON INVESTING ACTIVITIESINFERENCE ON FINANCING ACTIVITIES: INFERENCE ON FINANCING ACTIVITIESSlide 10: Current Ratio Debtors Turnover Ratio D/E (Debt/Equity) Ratio Collection Period (Debtors) Profit Margin Expense Ratio (Financial)GROWTH OF THE COMPANY: GROWTH OF THE COMPANY 2009-2010 2008-2009 Current Ratio 1.34 0.95 Debtors Turn around Ratio 9.06 Times 12.78 Times Collection Period (Debtors) 40.27 Days 28.55 Days D/E Ratio 0.59 0.59 Gross Profit Margin 23.46% 22.61% Financial Expense Ratio 1.91 1.95 - A Deep Insight in to Cash Flow StatementMAJOR COMPETITORS: MAJOR COMPETITORSCURRENT RATIO: CURRENT RATIO Current Ratio = Current Assets Current Liabilities NTPC Adani Power Reliance Power Current Ratio 1.34 2.063 3.017DEBTORS TURNOVER RATIO: DEBTORS TURNOVER RATIO Debtors turnover ratio = Net credit sales Average debtors NTPC Adani Power Reliance Power Debtors turnover Ratio 9.06 Times 3.3933 Times 0.719 TimesDEBTORS COLLECTION PERIOD: DEBTORS COLLECTION PERIOD NTPC Adani Power Reliance Power Debtors Collection Period 40.27Days 107.56 Days 507.46 Days Debtors collection period = 12 Months Debtors turnover ratioD/E RATIO: D/E RATIO NTPC Adani Power Reliance Power D/E Ratio 0.59 1.83 0.105 Debt-equity ratio = Total Debt Shareholders’ equityPROFIT MARGIN RATIO: PROFIT MARGIN RATIO NTPC Adani Power Reliance Power PROFIT MARGIN Ratio 23.10% 62.88 % 106.62% Gross profit margin = Gross Profit Sales X 100EXPENSE RATIO: EXPENSE RATIO NTPC Adani Power Reliance Power Expense (Financial) Ratio 1.91 3.89 18.35Conclusion: Conclusion NTPC enjoys reasonably good amount of financial flexibility. Company is in the high growing stage – Expansion Stage. Investor’s point of view- Dividend paid every year remains almost constant i.e. 5.5% Net Profit margin highest among its competitors Rs. 9102.59 Cr…….Slide 21: THANK-YOU CREDITS AMIT KANABAR NISARG TRIVEDI ANIL KAMANI ANIL BEHAL You do not have the permission to view this presentation. In order to view it, please contact the author of the presentation.

domain: finance


Cantovation Sing and See Professional v1.2.8 | 2.21 MB
Sing & SeeTM - Singing Software for real-time visual feedback of the voice in vocal training
Sing & See vocal training software can help you to achieve your goals as a singer.
Sing & See is the singing training software that teachers and singers all over the world are now using to improve their learning experience. It shows the singer and teacher visual displays that represent the voice - pitch, loudness, and timbre. This direct visual feedback enhances the spoken feedback that teachers give their students, and allows singers to see patterns in their voices that they might otherwise miss out on hearing.
Are you a teacher? Sing & See is a new voice training tool for teaching singing that lets you show your students their voices - giving you a powerful explanatory tool and a way to enhance the teaching experience you can offer students.
Are you a singer? Sing & See gives real-time visual feedback, so you can instantly see what you've just sung by looking at the computer display - giving you precise information on how your voice is working and helping you to focus on improving your voice.


text:
First of all I want to thank everyone who reached out to me after my last post. I was scared to post about what was going on with me personally but you all made me feel so loved and supported… thank you… you may have even made my mum tear up a bit.
Now onto the business at hand… quilts. Today I am sharing a recent Do Good Stitches finish. This one was a simple block that chose for the Bee… you can see directions on making it here…
This quilt top came together quickly, once I had received all the blocks from my fellow DGS peeps…
I want to use the palette I selected for this project again… but this time I want to just use the colors with no white…it is such a fresh color scheme and I want to really get the citron to pop.
On Pinteres I have a whole folder full of color schemes and I love taking inspiration for how other people put together palettes… particularly when I am having a color block (which is a quilters equivalent to writers block).
I also find it easy to point my fellow quilting bee mates in the direction of a color palette when setting a block for them to make…. and so far the results have been spot on.
I got a wonderful mix of colors back from my team and also a variety of tones… does anyone else use other peoples colour palettes?
I had fallen a little behind with my Do Good Stitches finishes so this quilt got an all over stipple… thanks to my darling friend Sam Hunter… and a Martha Stewart sheet for the back…
This quilt has already headed to the local PICU and is hopefully giving a warm Quilty hug to someone.
Block: 12 inch Double T block
Made by: DGS Hope Circle
Fabric: Green, turquoise and citron scraps
Finished size: 48 x 60 inches

domain: hobby