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Do you have a hamster at home? If so, you might wonder what kind of toys. Hamsters like to play with. There are many toys hamsters can enjoy, from simple things like balls and tunnels to more complicated enrichment items like climbing structures and puzzle feeders.
The important thing is to choose safe toys for your hamster which will offer them some benefits in terms of exercise, mental stimulation, or both.
Why are Toys Important for Hamsters?
Toys are important for hamsters because they help these small rodents stay active and mentally stimulated. A bored hamster is more likely to become aggressive or depressed, so it’s important to provide them with various toys to keep them happy and healthy.
Hamsters are natural explorers, so anything encouraging them to investigate and play will be a hit. Some popular toy options include tunnels, ladders, mazes, and balls. Hamsters also love to chew, so offering them wooden blocks or sticks to gnaw on will help keep their teeth healthy.
Toys are important for hamsters not only because they provide mental and physical stimulation but also because they help these small animals socialize. If you have more than one hamster, providing them with toys that encourage play and interaction will help prevent fighting and keep everyone happy.
So, why are toys important for hamsters? In short, they help keep these cute critters healthy, active, and social! Be sure to offer a variety of toys to your furry friend to help them lead happy and enriching life.
Read: Can Hamsters Eat Hard Boiled Eggs? [14 Reasons]
Best Toys for Your Hamster
As a hamster owner, you want to make sure your furry friend has the best of everything – including the best toys! But with all the different hamster toys on the market, it can be hard to know which ones are worth the money.
To help you out, we’ve put together a list of the best toys for hamsters based on our own experience and research.
The Classic Hamster Ball
The hamster ball is one of the most popular and well-known toys for hamsters. It is a clear plastic ball with a small hole in the top for the hamster to enter. The hamster can then run around inside the ball, which results in hours of fun and exercise for both the hamster and the owner.
One of the great things about hamster balls is that you can use them inside and outside the cage. This means that your hamster can get plenty of exercise, even if you don’t have much space in your home.
Make sure to buy a ball that is the right size for your hamster. If the ball is too small, your hamster could get stuck inside and hurt itself.
The Play Tunnel
A play tunnel can be as simple or complex as you like, but the basic idea is to create a series of connected tubes or chambers that your hamster can explore. This can be done by connecting different store-bought hamster cages or making your tunnels out of materials like cardboard tubes or PVC pipes.
One advantage of creating a play tunnel for your hamster is that it will give them a chance to burn off some energy. Hamsters are very active creatures and need plenty of space to run around to stay healthy.
A play tunnel will also give your hamster mental activity as they explore their way through the different chambers and tubes.
The Wooden Chew Toy
Chew toys are important for keeping your hamster’s teeth healthy and sharp. When finding the right chew toy for your hamster, it’s important to choose a toy made from safe materials. This is especially important if you have a baby or young child in the house, as they may be tempted to put the toy in their mouth.
One of the safest materials for chew toys is wood. Wood is non-toxic and won’t splinter as some other materials can. It’s also softer than most metals, so it won’t hurt your hamster’s mouth or teeth.
The Squeaky Toy
Squeaky toys are always a hit with animals – hamsters are no exception! These toys can help keep your hamster entertained for hours on end.
There are a few reasons why hamsters love squeaky toys so much. First, the noise interests them and helps stimulate their minds. Second, the act of chewing on the toy helps to keep their teeth healthy and clean. And finally, squeaking the toy is very satisfying for them – it’s like they are communicating with you!
The Climbing Structures
Hamsters are great climbers, so anything that lets them climb and explore is sure to be a hit. Climbing structures also offer a good workout and help to stimulate your hamster mentally.
One of the easiest climbing structures to make is a simple ramp. All you need is a piece of wood or cardboard that is slightly inclined. Your hamster will be able to climb up and down this ramp with ease!
The Puzzle Feeders
These special feeders dispense food only when your hamster solves a simple puzzle. Puzzle feeders are a great way to keep your hamster healthy and active.
They help your hamster use its natural foraging instincts while providing a tasty treat. There are many different puzzle feeders available; choose one that is appropriate for your hamster’s size and needs.
The Exercise Wheel
A Hamster’s Exercise Wheel is an essential piece of equipment for any pet hamster. It provides them with the opportunity to run and exercise, keeping them healthy and active. When choosing an exercise wheel for your hamster, the wheel size and the material are also important, as it needs to be safe for your hamster to use.
The best exercise wheels for hamsters are made from sturdy materials like plastic or metal and have a smooth surface that won’t hurt your hamster’s feet. They should also be big enough for your hamster to run freely without cramped.
The Hamster House
The Hamster House is a popular hamster toy that many pet owners use to entertain their furry friends. This toy is a small wooden house with several levels for your hamster to explore. The Hamster House also has small holes on the sides so your hamster can easily climb in and out of the toy.
A hamster house is a perfect place for your furry friend to take refuge when it wants to escape the hustle and bustle of life. It’s also a great way to keep your hamster’s bedding clean and dry.
Good News! – You can Make Hamsters’ Toys at Home
Do you want to make your hamster toys at home? It’s easier than you might think! With a little creativity and some common household materials, you can create all sorts of fun and stimulating toys for your furry friend.
Here are just a few ideas to get you started:
A Cardboard Tube Maze
This is a classic hamster toy that is easy to make at home. Take a cardboard tube (toilet paper rolls work great) and cut it into sections of different lengths. Then create a maze-like structure by connecting the sections with tape or glue. Your hamster will love exploring the maze and finding his way out!
Click here: Can Hamsters Eat Grass From Outside?
A Paper Towel Roll Tunnel
Another easy-to-make hamster toy is a paper towel roll tunnel. Just take a paper towel roll and cut it in half lengthwise. Then, make two small holes at each end of the halves and connect them to form a tunnel. Crawling through the tunnel and hiding inside is what your hamster will enjoy.
A Cardboard Box Fort
You can create a cardboard box fort for a more elaborate hamster toy. This is simply a small fort or playhouse made out of cardboard boxes. Just stack the boxes together and tape or glue them in place. Then, cut out doorways and windows for your hamster to enter and exit.
A Homemade Swingset
You can also make a swingset for your hamster using string and a few small toys. Just tie the string to two points on opposite sides of the cage and suspend the toys from the string. Your hamster will swing back and forth on the swing and play with the toys.
A Fabric Maze
For a softer option, you can create a fabric maze for your hamster. This is simply a maze of soft fabric (such as felt) attached to the cage’s sides. It will be fun for your hamsters to crawl through the maze and hide while playing.
These are just a few ideas for homemade hamster toys. With a little creativity, you can come up with all sorts of fun and stimulating toys for your furry friend. So get creative and have fun!
Our Final Thoughts
When choosing toys for your hamster, always go for quality over quantity. A few well-chosen toys will be much better for your hamster than some cheap and nasty ones. Lastly, always supervise your hamsters when they play with toys to ensure they are safe!
You may also like:
- Can Hamsters Eat Freeze Dried Fruit? [6 Reasons]
- Can Hamsters Eat Apples with Skin? [7 Reasons]
- Can Hamsters Drink Out of Bowls? [9 Ways On How To Do It]
- Can Fear or Emotional Stress Lead to a Hamster’s Death? [11 Reasons]
- What Temperature is Too Cold for Hamsters?
- Why Do Hamsters Die So Easily?
- Why Do Hamsters Move Their Bedding?l
- How to Change Hamster Sleep Cycle
My name is Everly. I am a Milwaukee-based mom of 2 and have been a proud owner of many hamsters throughout my life. Like many of us, my introduction to hamsters happened when I was very young. My family saw several hamsters come and go through the years, and I enjoyed playing with them, but I never fully appreciated them until I grew up and my own children decided to jump on the hamster bandwagon. At that point, I was determined to learn all I could about caring for these adorable pets. Read more


Big bash for youth coming to the City
Teenagers will be given the chance to play Big Bash cricket to mark National Youth Week thanks to the City of Mandurah and the WA Cricket Association.
Held at the Mandurah Indoor Sportz Centre, the WACA is holding a free MILO T20 Blast session on April 16 to give children aged from 11 to 14 the opportunity to try the sport, ahead of the season.
Aligned with the KFC T20 Big Bash League and managed by Cricket Australia, MILO T20 Blast is an eight-week program, played on small fields with each game lasting about 75 to 90 minutes.
The program allows participants, regardless of ability, equal turns at batting, bowling and fielding, and provides opportunities for children to develop fundamental movement skills, social skills and team values.
Mandurah City Mayor Marina Vergone said Youth Week was a great way to promote the variety of activities available for young people within the region.
"It's a great initiative run during school holidays where various organisations such as WACA are able to provide opportunities for young people to get active and involved in community sport," she said.
National Youth Week is the biggest celebration of young people around the country between the ages of 12 to 25 years old. Thousands of people are expected to take part in a range of activities aligned with this year's theme, It Starts With Us, including 27 events in Mandurah.
To kick start the fun, Mandurah Masterpieces Art Competition and Exhibition will open at Contemporary Arts Spaces Mandurah on Friday.
Other events include tabloid sports, puppet building and performances as part of Stretch Arts Festival, cooking classes, photography workshops and the Centre Stage Talent Quest.
Register at www.mandurah.wa.gov.au/youthweeek.htm or call 9550 3762 for information.
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El Paso County Sheriff's Office: Body-worn Cameras
|Agency||El Paso County Sheriff's Office|
|Location||El Paso, TX|
As of 2017, the El Paso County Sheriff's Office had 250 body-worn cameras.
More about this technology
Many law enforcement agencies require officers to attach body-worn cameras to their chests or shoulders to capture interactions with suspects and the public. Some cameras stream live and can be combined with face recognition technology.

domain: geography


text:
Showing all 3 results
Courtyard farm with domestic animals, vintage engraving
Idyllic representation of a farm lifestyle, with a young farmer surrounded of every kind of domestic animals living in the courtyard
Food: ham and an old pork chart with numbered cuts
Old butcher pork chart diagram with numbered cuts and a ham.

domain: food


A significant portion of mobile consumers’ expectations are not being met as the result of poor mobile and application performance, according to new research.
The survey, conducted by technology performance firm Compuware Corporation, quizzed more than 4,000 global users worldwide, including 500 from the UK.
It was conducted to understand consumers’ mobile web and application expectations and experiences.
The new survey titled “What Users Want from Mobile
Key global and UK survey findings include:
• Mobile users’ expectations for mobile website speed continue to increase. 71% of global mobile web users and 56 % of UK mobile web users expect websites to load as quickly, almost as quickly or faster on their mobile phone compared to the computer they use at home.
• Nearly 60% of global web users say they expect a website to load on their mobile phone in 3 seconds or less (UK 49%) and 74% (UK 70%) are willing to wait 5 seconds or less for a single web page to load before leaving the site. 50% of web users (UK 40%) are only willing to wait 5 seconds or less for an application to load before exiting.
• 57% of web users (UK 54%) had a problem when accessing a website in the past year and 47% (UK nearly 40%) had a problem accessing an app from their phone with a quarter of respondents experience apps that crashed or froze (UK 37%). More than 80% (UK 78%) of mobile web users would access websites more often from their phone if the experience were as fast and reliable as their home or work PC or laptop.
• Mobile users do not have much patience for retrying a website or application that is not functioning straight away – a third will go to a competitor’s site instead (UK 29%). 78% of mobile web users (79% UK) are only willing to retry a website two times or less if it does not work initially. 80% of global users (81% UK) would only retry an app twice or less if it failed the first time.
• A bad experience on a mobile website leaves mobile users much less likely to return to, or recommend a particular website. Nearly half of mobile web users are unlikely to return to a website that they had trouble accessing from their phone and 57% (UK 56%) are unlikely to recommend the site.
“User expectations for mobile continues to increase, but companies in the UK are not meeting mobile users’ need for fast and reliable experiences. As a result, many companies are failing to take advantage of the opportunities being provided by increased mobile access,” said David Flower, VP EMEA Compuware’s APM division.
To read the full survey findings, click here.


King of Gadgets
Technology is changing every day. At times, it feels the tech world revolves only around smartphones. Everyday you get to hear about new phones being launched. Laptops and tablets seem to be a small category now. The new-age phones can now capture 4k videos and will have 4k displays, too. Smartphones are truly the king of all gadgets and will continue to rule the gadget world.


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Quote for the Day:
“What is heart? It is not human and it is not imaginary. I call it you.”
The root of the word COURAGE literally means “to act with heart.” This is your preamble for the next story. After I left the library yesterday, I went into a pub to ask for directions. When I walked in, I immediately spotted two concentric circles of musicans playing all sorts of mostly Celtic instuments: boran, fiddle, penny whistle, guitars, accordians, and mandolins. It was obviously what we call in Eastern Canada a “kitchen party” sort of set up where musicians just come and play spontaneously together. I got swept into this somehow by just entering the establishment. I can’t say I was comfortable as the inner ring of musicians seemed to be running the show and the outer ring were excluded from participating- it was competitive and tense. Usually, this scene would not have held my interest as I like more open-hearted, inclusive music environments but I felt a pull to stay so I did. I didn’t know the kitchen party etiquette so I tapped on a musician’s shoulder and asked if singers were invited. He responded with, “Och Aye. Just join in.” I clapped along for a while and atuned myself to the musicians like I normally do. After one of the men uncharacteristically interrupted the jigs to play an American bluegrass song, I knew what I was meant to do. When the song ended and there was a pause for the musicians to drink their beer, I introduced myself. I said that I didn’t know many Scottish songs but I had a traditonal spiritual to sing with them. I explained that gospel music is participatory and invited the inner and outer ring of musicians to play/sing along as well as the patrons of the bar. I sang the first verse of “I’ll Fly Away” and slowly, the whole pub joined. The tension melted and there was unity in the place. I was honoured that after hearing that I play percussion, the boran player gave me his drum with a regular stick for me to play. It turns out that I didn’t sing or play another song. After that, I felt it was time to move on and quietly left after handing the boran back to the man without my directions! I guess the magic of that moment trumped grocery shopping- as it should. Here is a sample of that spiritual sung by Alison Krauss and Gillian Welch:
In the evening, I went to the 15th Anniversary Concert of the HebCelt Festival at An Lanntair. For a small community, they have a really shwank, state of the art facility with retractable seating so that people can dance on the hardwood floor! The Pipe Band (as they are called) played all last night. They are mostly local Gaelic men in their 20s that are expert pipers, fiddlers, drummers, and guitar players. The concert was upbeat and moving. I don’t know what it is about bagpipes but they speak to my heart somehow. I highly recommend Julie Fowlis to you as well if you like traditional Gaelic music; she has a voice as clear as a bell that sends shivers up my spine. She too is another Outer Hebrides girl from the Isle of Uist originally.
The audience sang along with the band and Julie for many of the Gaelic songs. I’d never seen so many kilted men in an audience before. I managed to stay awake for the 11 pm ceilidh after the show and once I started moving, was totally alert again. I danced for about an hour and a half straight with several of those men in kilts who definitely know what they are doing! This was a workout, let me tell you. I was sweaty and hot as I walked in my tanktop back to my hostel. And all I can say is that I feel blessed to have participated in such an old and cherished tradition alongside local people.
Tonight I move down the street a couple of houses to the B and B. Last night there were nine people in my dorm. Christine made room for festival-goers that were stranded. After drinking all day, the people who normally don’t snore actually did so it was a symphony in the room!
I am heading over just now to the castle to do a willow sculpture workshop with a local artist. It should be fun. Tonight is the Afro Celt Sound System so I’ll get to shake what my mama gave me a lot more. You KNOW I am always up for a good dance…

domain: artistic


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A chrome, canoe-style vase filled with jazzy white orchids held high with chrome wire circles.
* From our Luxury Living Collection
** Also see the rest of the Niko Phals Collection
Dimensions: 28"H X 48"W X 19"D
Product Weight: 7 lbs
Package Weight: 18 lbs
This image is for illustrative purposes only. The colours shown are accurate within the constraints of lighting, photography and the colour accuracy of your screen.
Assembly may be required.
Made to Order - Considered Final Sale.


- Forrester Councils
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Posted by James McQuivey on April 23, 2010
The Hulu-will-charge-you-money rumor mill is churning once again and the blogosphere has lit up with preemptively angered Hulu viewers vowing that they will never darken Hulu’s digital door again. Some call it greed, others point to nefarious pressure from ailing broadcast and cable operations, while some decry the end of a freewheeling era. They are all wrong.
Hulu charging for content is a good thing. In fact, it’s a necessary next step to get us where we need to be. Let me explain.
This comes at an awkward time, to say the least. The site’s CEO, Jason Kilar, admitted just weeks ago that the free site is profitable, taking in more than $100 million last year and on a run-rate to more than double that this year. Blunting that momentum would be foolish. But letting it run absent the burden of helping to pay for the shows it profits from would also be irresponsible, and not in a Father-knows-best “charging for content builds character” kind of irresponsible, but in a more “not taking advantage of the opportunity to take Hulu to the next level in benefit of the consumer” kind of irresponsible.
When (not if) Hulu finally announces its subscription plans, it will have a small but critical window of opportunity to explain itself to the market – to the viewers, to its content partners (who also happen to own it), and to its frenemies ranging from cable companies to cable networks. If it gets the details of the plan right – and explains the purposes behind the plan properly – it will succeed. Here’s the key: The secret is to position Hulu Plus (or Hulu 2.0 as I’ve called it for over a year now) as more. More content, more control, on more devices. More everything. I'll explain in reverse order:
This one-two-three punch of more content, more control, and more devices, makes Hulu worth paying for. And it lets an industry that behind closed doors currently talks about Hulu as the devil, finally have to release its anger and start using Hulu to reach consumers without fear. So what remains of the old Hulu in this scenario? All the worried freeloaders can relax: of course the free Hulu.com will still exist, it has to. It will hum merrily along, gradually increasing the ad load at first to 12 ads per 45-minute show, then eventually 24. This gives Hulu the ability to defend itself against angry industry voices while still retaining its current value to the customer who has yet to hear the siren call of Hulu Plus beckoning to a better world.
If you’re following closely, you notice one significant problem I haven’t solved. With this fabulous service, Hulu would be nearly as good as your $54-a-month cable service today. I’ll preview that answer for you, too, though the details would require another lengthy post. It’s this: Hulu will eventually end up with two pricing tiers – one for people who subscribe to cable and one for people who don’t. That’s right, the $9.95 price will be for people who pay for TV service already, right in the range of what you pay today to subscribe to HBO, something you can only do as a paying customer. If you cut the cable cord, your Hulu Plus service price will rise to $24.95 a month. Still cheaper than most cable bills, but roughly what it costs to get basic cable, and similarly incomplete since you won’t have any content from Discovery, Viacom, AMC, HBO, etc.
This scenario as I have laid it out makes sure that watching content online is easier than piracy – a very important consideration – but still promises people that they can have more of everything they like if they are willing to pay. Despite whatever knee-jerk reactions viewers have to the idea of paying for Hulu content, it’s the convenient access to Hulu content they’re really being asked to pay for. My money says they will gladly pay for that as they always have in the past.
(Also posted on Paidcontent.org)


So, my one year anniversary of the blog came and went with little fanfare yesterday. I can hardly believe that I have been blogging for a whole year. My husband can hardly believe it either.
When I first thought about blogging, I was worried and self-conscious about my writing. I wasn’t sure how the blog would take shape or if people would read it. I felt a little paralyzed just trying to begin something.
Like my course-prep, I was overthinking it.
A local writer friend told me, “You just don’t know what it’s going to be yet.”
In the last year, this advice has echoed and reverberated in the recesses of my brain, reminding me that we have so little control over what happens in life. It’s best to make something that makes you proud and hope others will enjoy it, too. [He will be happy to know that this advice applies nearly universally to an academic career like mine.]
From my humblest first post to my proud Freshly Pressed moment this past July, through frustrations with graduate school and academia, and on parenting highs and lows, I am amazed and grateful for Rogue Cheerios readers and for the connections I’ve made as a result of the blog. Whether in person or in virtual space, your words of encouragement, your support, and your feedback, have bolstered my confidence as a writer, teacher and parent.
I am so proud of all that I’ve accomplished this year and I hope you’ll stick with me to see what’s on the horizon for this little blog in year two.
Woo! Congratulations, happy birthday Rogue Cheerios! Glad you’re here.
Happy blog anniversary! I really enjoy reading your blog and your discussions about grad school and academia. I wish you all the best for year two of Rogue Cheerios!


text: I am moving a new Leopard 46 from Panama to Mex. We have just transited the canal and are headed north soon. The owner and his friends were hilarious. I've got my crew, Octavio and Eric, coming in in an hour or two. We'll provision and head out by Wednesday.


Whether you are Donald Trump, who was recently offered a 24-karat gold toilet by the Guggenheim, or you have a throne made of standard white porcelain, keeping it clean is an age-old challenge.
But that difficulty may finally have met its match, thanks to two Haifa-based entrepreneurs, David Alush and Daniel Tokarev, who have created a robot capable of cleaning a toilet without its human owner having to touch a toilet brush or bowl ever again, they say.
“We were asking ourselves, how can it be possible that we have autonomous cars, but there’s no solution for cleaning a toilet? For 90 years the manual toilet brush has been the only cleaning tool for the filthiest place in the home,” said Tokarev, co-founder and CEO of Toibot.
Toibot is a battery-powered robot that cleans your toilet at the touch of a button. It attaches to any toilet and automatically brushes its entire surface while dispensing capsules that clean, disinfect and polish, keeping the toilet 99.9 percent bacteria free.
Before the advent of the toilet brush people used animal tails to clean toilets, and even today the process of cleaning the toilet and storing a dirty brush remains unpleasant and unhygienic, said Tokarev.
The company says its product saves money by doing away with the need for cleaning supplies such as rubber gloves, a toilet brush, paper towels, disinfectant and all-purpose cleaners. The average consumer spends $25 to $30 per month for toilet care products, according to research done by Tokarev.
“Our only competitor is the human hand and a toilet brush. Nothing else exists on the market which does the job with just the push of a button,” Tokarev said.
The company is currently designing two prototypes, one for individual use in households and another for commercial and industrial for use in restaurants, airplanes, hospitals and schools. The company plans to launch a pilot in the first quarter of 2019 in all major Israeli cities.
Toibot, which is expected to hit the retail market next year for a price tag of $79, has more than 25,000 units in preorders from online customers and distributors. The company holds patents in the US, Europe, Canada and Brazil.
“We are getting a lot of interest from large distributors in commercial and residential markets who are looking to be exclusive with our company,” said Tokarev.
Initially funded by friends and family, the company says it is looking for investors to help finance Toibot’s final production and manufacturing phase.


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Overview of Aurogra 100
It is difficult for men to have sex since they are not proficient at doing sex activities with their bed partners. With Aurogra 100 mg, you have a better option to help treat erectile dysfunction in both men and women.
The use of medicine is also effective in treating sexual illnesses. Nevertheless, the medicine contains a natural ingredient known as Sildenafil citrate, which has been shown to treat sexual problems very effectively.
Aside from treating impotence, Aurogra tablets provide improved sexual pleasure at all times, while giving you the proper treatment for impotence. Additionally, this medication enhances blood circulation to the penis, thereby causing the penis to become thicker.
Therefore, you can now take this medication and enjoy a better physical experience. It is also well known that this medicine has been developed specifically for men, resulting in better erections.
What is Aurogra 100 for ED?
In terms of treating ED in men, Aurogra 100 is a reasonable and compelling medication. Additionally, Sildenafil citrate inhibits PDE5 in addition to its working fix.
There are no severe side effects associated with the use of this medication that can adversely affect your health in the long run.
In the case of erectile dysfunction, Aurogra 100 is an effective treatment approved by Viagra. Aurogra has been approved for use by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in several countries, including the United States.
The first medication available on the market was Aurogra, which served as a precursor to Viagra.
The enhancement contains just clinically demonstrated and tried fixings, for example, Sildenafil citrates 100mg, and a couple of non-dynamic fixings that assist it with accomplishing its planned outcomes as fast as could be expected. Additionally, it effectively breaks down the contents of the gastrointestinal tract.
Aurogra pills are available for 2-3 times less than Viagra, which is the drug of choice for most men. The first characteristic of this medication is its synthetic structure.
Aurochem Pharmaceutical, an Indian pharmaceutical company with headquarters in Mumbai, produces the product. In addition to being WHO-GMP accredited, Aurochem Pharmaceutical has manufacturing facilities in over 50 countries.
This medication is not only used to treat erectile dysfunction but also to treat hypertension of the pulmonary system. Females and males can exercise more effectively with ultimate.
Do you know what the optimal Aurogra 100 dosage is?
A tablet of Aurogra 100 mg must also be taken daily as part of the daily dosage of the medicine. As a general rule, the capsule should be taken 45 minutes to one hour before each meal. There is no limit to the number of sexual relationships that can be established on the bed with a partner.
However, please remember that the medicine is available regularly, so please take it whenever it is available.
There is no doubt that Aurogra 100 mg contains a pleasing composition that is capable of eliminating sex problems in males without delay. Thus, this medicine contains Sildenafil 100mg as its active component, and by taking this tablet you will be able to increase your sexual performance.
The medication is in this way intended to furnish the body with complete sex energy. In this situation, you can pick a medicine of the highest quality that will provide a new aura to your sexual life.
This is a great opportunity for you to purchase this medication, and you can start taking it on time. You just need to go online to make your purchase, and you will be able to do so with ease.
How to take it?
Aurogra 100 has a place with the gulping classification of pills that might be consumed orally. To guarantee that you get the greatest advantage from this brand, you should swallow the pill.
Affected by liquor or grape juice, Sildenafil might be less compelling and have a more noteworthy possibility of causing secondary effects, as you might be aware. If you skip medication doses frequently, it can also be harmful to your health.
What are the side effects?
- Chest pain
- Strong headache
Precautions to take
As a precaution, the dose should only be administered once. If two or more pills are taken on the same day, an overdose may occur, which may lead to serious health problems.
The probability of encountering secondary effects will increase on the off chance that you are affected by alcohol or have polished off grape squeeze not long before taking the medicine.
During the enrollment cycle, kindly educate us regarding all current medical issues to stay safe and stay away from unfavorable impacts generally.
On the off chance that you are oversensitive to Sildenafil or any of the elements of Aurogra 100 mg tablets, you shouldn’t accept them.
It is suggested that you don’t take the tablet at least a couple of times a day.
It isn’t suggested that you take an Aurogra 100 mg tablet assuming you have as of late taken nitrates.
Assuming that you are taking this medicine, don’t drive or work in weighty gear.
It is suggested that you stay away from grapefruit juice and liquor while taking this prescription.
It is essential to tread carefully while taking the Aurogra tablet.
Sildenafil citrate is the active ingredient in these tablets. It is not permitted for women to consume this medicine, since it is designed for men.
Take this pill every day if you have sex problems. It is generally accepted that Aurogra 100 belongs to the category of ED treatment pills. Following your physician’s instructions, please continue taking this medication.
Reviews of Aurogra 100
The pills have received a great deal of praise from patients who have previously taken the Aurogra 100. The pills have provided men with much-needed ED as a result of their use.
Approximately 100mg of Aurogra is equivalent to Generic Viagra. If you suffer from moderate symptoms of ED, this product would be ideal for you. After taking the pills, it is recommended that you allow up to 6 hours for the dosage to be activated.
If you are considering taking the pills, you should consult a doctor.
Can Aurogra 100 treat your ED?
In addition to eliminating erectile dysfunction, this medicine contains active ingredients that can significantly reduce impotence symptoms. The medicine also contains Sildenafil citrate, which immediately treats erectile dysfunction.
Where to Buy Aurogra 100?
Aurogra 100 can be purchased online from this website if you are interested. The best prices for Aurogra 100 tablets can be obtained by taking advantage of the discount offers available on Genericmedsstore. You can Purchase Aurogra 100 online as well as a variety of other healthcare products at a very affordable price from our online pharmacy.
High-quality medicine is manufactured and dispatched from our company throughout the world. Whenever you shop with us, you can be confident that you are receiving 100% authentic medications.
How to order?
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Aurogra 100 mg oral pills can be taken how often?
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Dec 24th, 00, 02:02 PM
I am in the process of restoring my 68 convertible and want to know what tire and stock rim size I can put on without the tires rubbing. I have air shocks on the back to level the ride but do not want it jacked up. I also do not want the tires sticking out of the wheel wells. What is the correct off set for the rims some say 4" and then I have been told 4 1/4". Thanks
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In the front of my 67 I'm running 15"x7" with 225/60/15 & on the rear I'm running 15"x7" with 245/60/15 with no Promblems theses wheels are stock GM Monte Carlo wheels I think. They are tucked inside the Wheel Wells & look good.
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In addition to what Johnny says, go with a 4.5" offset to make sure they will tuck in under the fender wells. I'm running 235/60/15s up front with a minor rub on big bumps. (outer lip) But I think I can correct it with some suspension upgrades. I have 245/60/15's on back on 15X8" wheels with a 4" backspace. No rubs there.
[This message has been edited by Mike67RS (edited 12-25-2000).]


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Investors Sell Abbott Laboratories (ABT) on Strength (ABT)
Investors sold shares of Abbott Laboratories (NYSE:ABT) on strength during trading hours on Tuesday. $35.44 million flowed into the stock on the tick-up and $74.93 million flowed out of the stock on the tick-down, for a money net flow of $39.49 million out of the stock. Of all equities tracked, Abbott Laboratories had the 0th highest net out-flow for the day. Abbott Laboratories traded up $0.39 for the day and closed at $62.65
A number of research firms have recently weighed in on ABT. Leerink Swann reaffirmed a “market perform” rating and issued a $68.00 target price (up from $60.00) on shares of Abbott Laboratories in a research report on Thursday, January 25th. Bank of America upped their target price on shares of Abbott Laboratories from $60.00 to $70.00 in a research report on Wednesday, January 24th. They noted that the move was a valuation call. BMO Capital Markets upped their target price on shares of Abbott Laboratories from $65.00 to $70.00 and gave the stock an “outperform” rating in a research report on Thursday, January 25th. Evercore ISI began coverage on shares of Abbott Laboratories in a research report on Wednesday, January 3rd. They issued an “outperform” rating and a $64.00 target price on the stock. Finally, ValuEngine raised shares of Abbott Laboratories from a “hold” rating to a “buy” rating in a research report on Thursday, March 1st. Seven research analysts have rated the stock with a hold rating and fifteen have issued a buy rating to the stock. The company currently has a consensus rating of “Buy” and a consensus price target of $65.47.
The firm has a market cap of $109,407.83, a PE ratio of 240.09, a P/E/G ratio of 1.86 and a beta of 1.52. The company has a current ratio of 2.26, a quick ratio of 1.86 and a debt-to-equity ratio of 0.87.
The business also recently declared a quarterly dividend, which will be paid on Tuesday, May 15th. Stockholders of record on Friday, April 13th will be issued a dividend of $0.28 per share. This represents a $1.12 dividend on an annualized basis and a dividend yield of 1.79%. The ex-dividend date of this dividend is Thursday, April 12th. Abbott Laboratories’s payout ratio is presently 430.79%.
In other news, insider Stephen R. Fussell sold 56,401 shares of the firm’s stock in a transaction dated Tuesday, February 20th. The shares were sold at an average price of $59.61, for a total transaction of $3,362,063.61. Following the sale, the insider now owns 184,884 shares of the company’s stock, valued at approximately $11,020,935.24. The sale was disclosed in a legal filing with the SEC, which is accessible through this hyperlink. Also, insider Brian J. Blaser sold 27,733 shares of the firm’s stock in a transaction dated Wednesday, January 31st. The shares were sold at an average price of $62.26, for a total transaction of $1,726,656.58. Following the sale, the insider now directly owns 156,587 shares in the company, valued at approximately $9,749,106.62. The disclosure for this sale can be found here. In the last ninety days, insiders have sold 124,261 shares of company stock worth $7,559,987. Insiders own 0.76% of the company’s stock.
Hedge funds and other institutional investors have recently made changes to their positions in the company. Cambridge Investment Research Advisors Inc. lifted its stake in shares of Abbott Laboratories by 10.1% in the 4th quarter. Cambridge Investment Research Advisors Inc. now owns 198,828 shares of the healthcare product maker’s stock worth $11,347,000 after purchasing an additional 18,313 shares during the period. Certified Advisory Corp bought a new position in shares of Abbott Laboratories in the 4th quarter worth approximately $144,000. Ackerman Capital Advisors LLC bought a new position in shares of Abbott Laboratories in the 4th quarter worth approximately $253,000. Rehmann Capital Advisory Group lifted its stake in shares of Abbott Laboratories by 11.2% in the 4th quarter. Rehmann Capital Advisory Group now owns 8,886 shares of the healthcare product maker’s stock worth $507,000 after purchasing an additional 892 shares during the period. Finally, Colonial Trust Advisors lifted its stake in shares of Abbott Laboratories by 33.5% in the 4th quarter. Colonial Trust Advisors now owns 10,944 shares of the healthcare product maker’s stock worth $625,000 after purchasing an additional 2,744 shares during the period. 72.35% of the stock is currently owned by hedge funds and other institutional investors.
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Abbott Laboratories Company Profile
Abbott Laboratories is engaged in the discovery, development, manufacture and sale of a range of healthcare products. The Company operates through four segments: Established Pharmaceutical Products, Diagnostic Products, Nutritional Products and Vascular Products. Its Established Pharmaceutical Products include a range of branded generic pharmaceuticals manufactured around the world and marketed and sold outside the United States.
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Evaluation of bacteriostatic potency of expired oral paediatric antibiotics and implications on infant health
Evaluation of bacteriostatic potency of expired oral paediatric antibiotics and implications on infant health
Adenike Ogunshe1,&, Patience Adinmonyema1
1Applied Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
Adenike Ogunshe, Applied Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
Introduction: in spite of significant risks, as well as non-clinical importance due to loss of potency, stiff penalties against administration of expired medications are still not appropriately enforced by health policy makers in many developing countries, possibly because of little evidence to support that expired medications are hazardous. The purpose of this study therefore, was to investigate the effect of expiration dates on in vitro bacteriostatic potentials of oral paediatric antibiotics.
Methods: comparative bacteriostatic potentials of 31 expired and seven corresponding unexpired oral paediatric antibiotics were determined on infantile diarrhoeagenic bacteria, using a modification of agar well-diffusion method.
Results: verall total percentage in vitro resistance rates against expired and unexpired paediatric antibiotics respectively were - E. coli (≤100% vs. ≤15.9%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (≤100% vs. ≤31.3%), Proteus mirabilis (≤91.7% vs. ≤41.7%) and Staphylococcus aureus (≤100% vs. ≤18.2%). Resistance rates of 45.5-55.8% (sulfamethoxazole + trimethoprim 5), 39.5-63.6% (amoxycillin 6), 46.5-54.5% (cotrimoxazole 7), 37.5-63.6% (ampicillin + cloxacillin 18), and higher resistance rates of ≥75.0-100% were exhibited towards remaining expired antibiotics. Higher total resistance and multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) rates were also recorded against expired antibiotics (45.2-93.5%) compared to unexpired antibiotics (28.6-57.2%), except for few strains of E. coli and Proteus mirabilis. Furthermore, unexpired paediatric antibiotics exhibited wider zones of inhibition towards the test diarrhoeagenic bacteria (≥25.0 mm diameter).
Conclusion: this study provided preliminary microbiological results on the appreciable reduction in in vitro bacteriostatic potentials, as well as higher resistance and multiple antibiotic resistance rates among expired oral paediatric antibiotics on infantile diarrhoeagenic bacteria. Apart from less-efficacy, administration of expired antibiotics can lead to increased antibiotic resistance and clinical treatment failure, as well as adverse drug reactions.
Little is known about the general trends of antibiotic resistance in infantile diarrhoeal cases in developing countries like Nigeria, where diarrhoea is a major public health problem. However, it is commonly believed that the relationship between antibiotic use and emergence of antibiotic resistance, as well as the spread of antibiotic resistance is complex. Similarly, there is growing universal concern regarding counterfeit medications, and in particular, counterfeit antimicrobial drugs, which are a threat to public health, with many devastating consequences for patients, including increased mortality and morbidity . Poor qualities of antibiotics and lack of quality compliance and monitoring have also been reported to account for antibiotic resistance in clinical infectious cases [2-8], while counterfeit / adulterated antibiotics or those in which the active ingredients have been replaced by less expensive alternatives also constitute adversely to antibiotic resistance [1,8,9-14].
Expired antibiotics in spite of their numerous hazards  are however, mostly not seriously considered as having serious adverse health effects on humans, especially with regards to clinical treatment failures. Drug expiration date, which is mostly two to three years after the drug is manufactured, except in some cases, is the specific date until which the medication will be effective, if stored under proper conditions of light, temperature and moisture but if not stored under suggested conditions, the medications may lose potency even before the expiration dates. Whereas, in spite of warnings that medications that have passed their expiration can pose significant risk, and that it is extremely important to properly dispose of expired medications to avoid serious injuries to older adults and children , not everyone still agrees that expired medications are unsafe. It has even been reported that many drugs stored under reasonable conditions retain 90% of their potency for at least five years, and sometimes much longer, after the expiration date on the label , while some further claimed that expiration date is a very conservative marketing ploy by drug manufacturers to keep consumers in restocking their medicine cabinets .
Expiry dates provided by manufacturers are however, essentially a guarantee that the stated level of active ingredients will be present at least until the expiry date . Whereas, some pharmacologically active drugs produced in industrialised countries have expired prior to distribution in developing countries, and sometimes, expired drugs may receive new labels and be dumped into developing countries without label or be donated rather than sold [19-21]. In some developing countries, the authenticity of information on the packages of some imported drugs and drug products cannot be fully ascertained . In addition, a common menace by unscrupulous drug merchants in Nigeria is that expiration dates on the medications are sometimes replaced with fake dates that usually further extended the already expired dates by additional years; thus, expired clinical drugs are deceitfully sold and administered. Meanwhile, one of the dangers of taking expired antibiotics is that over time, they not only lose their chemical integrity and efficacy but could play a significant role in creating antibiotic resistance. The aim of this preliminary study therefore, was to investigate the in vitro bacteriostatic potency of expired, oral paediatric antibiotic suspensions that are commonly available in Nigeria.
Diarrhoeagenic bacterial species
Test bacteria used in this study were diarrhoeagenic bacterial strains originally isolated from faecal and vomitous specimens of infants and children aged between 9 months and 1½ years of age, presenting for weaning diarrhoea at the Oni Memorial Children Hospital, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria and at various residential homes . Stock isolates were reactivated in sterile unbuffered peptone water (Lab M, Basingstoke, England) and incubated for 24-48 h at 35°C, after which they were sub-cultured by streaking on sterile plate count agar (PCA, Lab M, England) and MacConkey (MCC, Lab M, England) agar to assure purity. Pure isolates were stored on cystein lactose electrolyte deficient agar (CLED, Lab M, England) slants, while inoculum concentrations of the diarrhoeagenic bacteria used were 103 cfu ml-1.
Antibiotic susceptibility / resistance determination (paediatric antibiotic drugs)
Codes, names, active ingredients and manufactured / expiry dates of the 31 expired oral paediatric suspensions were as presented in Table 1, while those of the seven unexpired oral paediatric antibiotic suspensions were – 1. Throtal (erythromycin (125 mg /5ml): Maf. Date: Aug/2011: Exp. Date: Jul/2014); 3. Zinnat suspension (cefuroxime axetil (125 mg /5ml): Maf. Date: Jan/2011: Exp. Date: Jan/2013); 4. Tambac (cefpodoxime proxetil (50 mg/ 5ml): Maf. Date: Nov/2010: Exp. Date: Oct/2012); 5. Bactrim (sulfamethoxazole + trimethoprim (200 mg /5ml): Maf. Date: March/2011: Exp. Date: March/2016); 7. Loxaprim (co-trimoxazole (240 mg /ml): Maf. Date: Nov/2010: Exp. Date: Oct/2013); 8. Refucil (griseofulvin (125 mg /5ml): Maf. Date: June/2011: Exp. Date: May/2014); 10. Loxagyl suspension metronidazole (200 mg /5ml): Maf. Date: June 2011: Exp. Date: May 2013).
Inhibitory activities of the 31 expired and seven unexpired oral paediatric antibiotic suspensions were determined on diarrhoeagenic bacterial strains metronidazole (200 mg/5ml): Maf. Date: June 2011: Exp. Date: May 2013).
Inhibitory activities of the 31 expired and seven unexpired oral paediatric antibiotic suspensions were determined on diarrhoeagenic bacterial strains, using a modification of agar well' using a modification of agar well-diffusion method of Tagg et al . Sterile Mueller-Hinton agar was poured into sterile Petri dishes and allowed to set. Wells of about 6.0 mm were bored into the agar followed by surface sterilisation of the agar plates by flaming. The entire surface of each of the cool sterile Mueller-Hinton agar plates was then seeded with each bacterial isolate and the plates were left for about 10 minutes before aseptically dispensing the paediatric antibiotic suspensions (antibiotic powder dissolved in recommended volume of sterile distilled water, added to sterile, plain semi solid agar), into the agar wells to avoid spreading of the antibiotic suspensions on the agar surfaces. The plates were incubated at 350C for 24-48 hours, and zones of inhibition were measured and recorded (triplicates) in millimetre diameter [25,26], while zones less than 10.0 mm in diameter or absence of zones of inhibition were recorded as resistant (negative). For the current study, the adopted interpretation of susceptibility values were low = 10.0-19.0 mm; moderate = 20.0-29.0 mm; high = ≥ 30.0 mm.
Diarrhoeagenic bacterial strains of Staphylococcus aureus 11 (13.4%), E. coli 43 (52.4%), Klebsiella pneumoniae 16 (19.5%) and Proteus mirabilis 12 (14.6%) species assayed for in this study exhibited varying in vitro susceptibility and resistance patterns and profiles against 31 expired and seven unexpired oral paediatric antibiotic suspensions. Respective resistance rates against expired and unexpired oral paediatric antibiotic suspensions were Staphylococcus aureus (9.1-100% vs. 0.0-18.2%), E. coli (14.0 -100% vs. 9.1-15.9%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (0.0-100% vs. 0.0-31.3%) and Proteus mirabilis (8.4-100% vs. 25.0-41.7%) However, relatively high resistance rates of 45.5-55.8% (sulfamethoxazole + trimethoprim 5), 39.5-63.6% (amoxycillin 6), 46.5-54.5% (cotrimoxazole 7) and 37.5-63.6% (ampicillin + cloxacillin 18), as well as higher resistance rates of =75.0-100% towards the remaining expired antibiotics were generally exhibited.
Total percentage in vitro antibiotic resistance rates of between 25.6% (amoxycillin + clavulanate 15) and as high as =80.0%, with %MAR of 35.5-93.5% were exhibited by the E. coli strains against the expired antibiotics; although, lowest total percentage resistance of 14.0% and 16.3% respectively were exhibited against amoxillin + clavulanic acid 12 and ampicillin 11 (Table 1 and Table 2). Total percentage in vitro antibiotic resistance rates recorded among the E. coli strains against the seven unexpired oral paediatric antibiotics were between 9.1 and 15.9% but %MAR was 35.5-93.5% (Table 2 and Table 3). Total percentage in vitro resistance rates displayed by the Kleb. pneumoniae strains against the expired paediatric antibiotics were between 37.5 and 93.8%, while the lowest resistance rates were 6.3% (amoxillin + clavulanic acid 12) and 12.5% (amoxycillin + clavulanate 15) but all the Kleb. pneumoniae strains were totally resistant (100%) to erythromycin ethylsuccinate 22, ampicillin trihydrate 28, ampicillin 29, ampicillin + cloxacillin 30 and ampicillin + cloxacillin 31, although none was resistant to ampicillin 11, while %MAR was 51.6-83.9% (Table 1 and Table 3). Total percentage in vitro antibiotic resistance rates of the Kleb. pneumoniae strains against the seven unexpired oral paediatric antibiotics were 12.5-31.3% with %MAR of 28.6 – 57.2% (Table 2 and Table 3).
Total percentage in vitro resistance rates of Proteus mirabilis strains towards expired antibiotics was between 33.3% (erythromycin ethylsuccinate 2) and 91.7% (chloramphenicol 23, ampicillin trihydrate 28; ampicillin 29; ampicillin + cloxacillin 30) but all the strains were resistant to ampicillin + cloxacillin 31. Lowest resistance rates of 8.4%, 8.4% and 16.7% were however, exhibited against amoxillin + clavulanic acid 12, ampicillin 11 and amoxycillin + clavulanate 15 respectively, while %MAR was 45.2-93.5% (Table 1 and Table 3). Total percentage in vitro antibiotic resistance rates of the Pr. mirabilis strains against the seven unexpired oral paediatric antibiotic suspensions were 25.0-41.7% with %MAR of 28.6-100% (Table 2 and Table 3).
All the Staph. aureus strains were totally resistant to expired amoxycillin trihydrate 13, ampicillin + cloxacillin 17, erythromycin ethylsuccinate 22, ampicillin trihydrate 28; ampicillin 29, ampicillin + cloxacillin 30, ampicillin + cloxacillin 31, while lowest resistance were 9.1% (amoxillin + clavulanic acid 12) and 18.2% (ampicillin 11) but higher resistance rates of between 45.5% (sulfamethoxazole + trimethoprim 5), (griseofulvin 8), (amoxycillin + clavulanate 15) and 90.9% (amoxycilline 14, cefadroxil 16, chloramphenicol 23, cephalexin 24, 27) were exhibited against the remaining expired paediatric antibiotics. The %MAR of 54.8–93.5% was recorded among the Staph. aureus strains (Tables 1 and 3). Total percentage in vitro antibiotic resistance patterns of the Staph. aureus strains against the seven unexpired oral paediatric antibiotic suspensions were between 9.1 and 18.2%, while %MAR was 57.2% (Table 2 and Table 3).
Eight strains of Lactobacillus species, which were non-diarrhoeagenic but served as control also exhibited total percentage resistance of 50.0 – 87.5% towards the expired paediatric antibiotics, while t all the strains were resistant to expired cefuroxime axetil, 3, ampicillin + cloxacillin 17, ampicillin 28 and ampicillin + cloxacillin 31. Total percentage resistance of 25.0% (amoxillin + clavulanic acid 12) and 37.5% (ampicillin 11) were the least recorded, with MAR of 45.2–77.4% (Tables 1 & 3). None of the Lactobacillus strains was resistant to unexpired erythromycin 1, cefuroxime axetil 3, cefpodoxime proxetil 4, sulfamethoxazole + trimethoprim 5, cotrimoxazole 7 and metronidazole 10 but 12.5% total resistance was recorded against unexpired griseofulvin 8. None of the Lactobacillus strains exhibited total susceptibility towards the expired antibiotics but all the strains exhibited multiple antibiotic susceptibility towards the unexpired antibiotics, except a strain of Lactobacillus sp. which exhibited %MAR of 28.6%, i.e., 12.5% antibiotic resistance each towards Refucil (griseofulvin 8) and Loxagyl (metronidazole 10) (Table 4).
Widest zones of inhibition (in mm diameter) among the diarrhoeagenic bacterial species towards expired and unexpired oral paediatric antibiotic suspensions were closely similar, E. coli (25.0-33.0 vs. 29.0-33.0), Kleb. pneumoniae (25.0-33.0 vs. 25.0-35.0), Staph. aureus (25.0-30.0 vs. 25.0-30.0), Lactobacillus strains (25.0-33.0 vs. 25.0-33.0) but more of the bacterial strains exhibited widest zones of inhibition towards the unexpired antibiotics than expired antibiotics (Table 5).
None of the 31 expired paediatric antibiotics or the seven unexpired antibiotics assayed for in the current study was protected with desiccants at the time of purchase.
Presented global estimates of child deaths due to diarrhoea abound [23,27-30] but major therapeutic intervention for diarrhoea consists of fluid and electrolyte therapy , especially as part of treatment strategies adopted in the treatment of infantile diarrhoea, which is usually by administering oral rehydration salts (ORS) solution [32-35]. In some cases of infantile diarrhoea (gastroenteritis) however, anti-diarrhoeal drugs are administered ; while in most cases, antibiotics are administered on infants and children, even before they are taken to the hospital. When antimicrobial therapy is appropriate for diarrhoeal cases, selection of a specific antimicrobial agent is expected to be made based upon susceptibility patterns of the pathogen or information on local susceptibility patterns . But in spite of this suggestion, high prevalence of antibiotic resistance is still commonly reported as a continually increasing problem that has, to a greater or lesser extent, affected virtually every area of the world, especially in clinical paediatric conditions [23, 36-38].
Since a law was passed in 1979, drug manufacturers are required to stamp an expiration date on their products, which is the date that the manufacturer can still guarantee full potency and safety of the drug, so, it turns out that the expiration date on a drug does stand for something, contrary to what some think . Comparing the rates of antibiotic resistance and multiple antibiotic resistance in this study, it was observed that higher total percentage antibiotic resistance and multiple antibiotic resistance rates were mostly recorded against expired antibiotics than the unexpired antibiotics. Apart from Proteus mirabilis strains, which exhibited 41.7% resistance against the unexpired antibiotics, only 0.0-25.0% resistance rates were generally recorded among other diarrhoeagenic bacteria, compared to 0.0-100% resistance rates exhibited towards the expired antibiotics. Even among the non-diarrhoeagenic Lactobacillus strains, which served as control, similar higher resistance and multiple antibiotic resistance rates were recorded for the expired antibiotics. The grievous implication is that usage of such expired antibiotics knowingly or unknowingly, not only can lead to antibiotic resistance in vivo but more likely can also lead to degradation of their active ingredients into components that can be seriously hazardous; thereby, causing child deaths due to treatment failure during clinical therapeutic intervention for infantile diarrhoea.
More wider zones of inhibition were generally recorded for the unexpired antibiotics. But considering the zones of inhibition profiles between the expired and unexpired oral paediatric antibiotics used in this study, and the fact that two of the 31 expired antibiotic suspensions were comparatively bacteriostatic in vitro, even after their expiration dates, one may want to ponder on the argument that antibiotics are still potent after the expiration dates. However, there is a strong possibility that potency of the two expired antibiotics based on in vitro susceptibility may vary considerably in vivo. Thus, a patient may feel better for some time after taking such supposedly potent expired antibiotics but will ultimately come down with the infection or with even worse clinical condition. In addition, many antibiotics, being heat- and moisture-labile are particularly vulnerable to degraded active constituents, especially when stored for a very long period of time at inappropriate temperatures and humidity [4-6,40,41], such as when drug consignments are exposed to such adverse conditions during shipment  or at tropical ports, while they await lengthy port clearance.
Another implication of significant resistance rates recorded for expired paediatric antibiotics in this study is that when most drugs reach their expiration dates, they will start to taste/smell/look different, and since antibiotics are also particularly time-sensitive drugs, the primary concern is that the active drug compounds will break down over time and turn into different chemicals that can be more difficult for the human body to metabolise. Liquid medications like paediatric antibiotics are usually mixed with preservatives; thus, when the expiration date is breached, the preservatives can no longer work properly, and the chemical compositions of the drugs begin to break down, sometimes forming dangerous by-products. Specifically, these by-products can harm the kidney and liver, and when those organs are impaired, the body loses the ability to filter toxins and various chemical metabolites from the system, which can constitute more health hazard, especially in the immune system . These by-products can even be carcinogenic, which if extrapolated as additional clinical failure, can lead to mortality; therefore, strict compliance with expiry dates ought not to be ignored.
None of the paediatric antibiotics assayed for in the current study was protected with desiccants, including the unexpired antibiotics. Medications without protective coatings are usually packaged with desiccants or little packets of silica gel, which prevents any moisture in the air from acting on them, so as to prevent them from losing their potency. Keeping these medications after their expiration dates may cause them to start taking in moisture, which in turn can induce microbial contamination . Drugs that do not comply with minimum standards are illegal in all countries but the quality of many antibiotics and other drugs in some developing countries, including Nigeria is often below standards in the formulary [14, 22].
It is a known practice that expiry dates are sometimes changed, and this hazardous practice is common among some drug peddlers and unscrupulous individuals or groups of backyard drug manufacturers. Quite a number of press coverage had reported various incidences of massive infant deaths in Nigeria due to consumption of bad quality drugs, unfortunately, since analytical laboratories to detect substandard drugs are generally uncommon in developing countries, therapeutic failure is usually the only indication of expired or substandard drugs. There were no available data to further discuss the microbial, clinical and public health significance of administration and consumption of expired antibiotics in Nigeria but findings of this study can serve as preliminary basis and confirmation data to elucidate the fact that expired antibiotics are not of any clinical importance, and therefore, should be banned from being sold and administered. Just as in the cases of adulterated antibiotics, expired antibiotics can also lead to therapeutic failure due to poor quality, such as drug degradation, microbial contaminations and medication toxicity [44-46]; thereby, producing sub-inhibitory concentrations in vivo, which can ultimately cause increase in the selection of antibiotic resistant bacterial strains, as well as induced drug allergies.
Misuse or abuse of antibiotics in clinical practice alone cannot explain the high frequency of resistant bacteria in developing countries [47-49]. Thus, a missing link of an additional reason for antibiotic resistance is provided by the findings of this study, in which significantly low bacteriostatic potentials, as well as high antibiotic resistance were recorded among expired oral paediatric antibiotics. Administrations of expired antibiotics are a kind of over-looked but certain significant cause of high antibiotic resistance in clinical cases and possibly in other cases; therefore, attention should be drawn to impending hazards of expired antibiotics. It is also necessary for developing countries like Nigeria to have effectively implemented judicious national policies that will ban sales, as well as ensure non-administration and non-consumption, in any form, of expired antibiotics and other expired medications, most especially in paediatric cases. Effective enforcement of the World Health Organisation (WHO) guidelines on drug donations can also curtail such practices . All these can serve as means of justifying advocacy against sales and administration of expired antibiotics, most especially in paediatric cases.
The authors declare no competing interest.
All authors read and agreed to the ?nal version of this manuscript and equally contributed to its content and to the management of the case.
Table 1: characteristic information of test oral paediatric antibiotics
Table 2: in vitro antibiotic resistance patterns and susceptibility zones of inhibition profiles of diarrhoeagenic bacterial species against unexpired oral paediatric antibiotic suspensions
Table 3: in vitro antibiotic resistance patterns and susceptibility zones of inhibition profiles of diarrhoeagenic bacterial species against expired oral paediatric antibiotic suspensions
Table 4: overall and comparative total in vitro percentage multiple antibiotic resistance rates and profiles of the diarrhoeagenic bacterial species towards the expired and unexpired paediatric antibiotics
Table 5: overall comparative zones of inhibition patterns and profiles of the diarrhoeagenic bacterial species towards the expired and unexpired paediatric antibiotics
|The Pan African Medical Journal articles are archived on Pubmed Central. Access PAMJ archives on PMC here|
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Tables and figures
|Table 1: characteristic information of test oral paediatric antibiotics|
|Table 2: in vitro antibiotic resistance patterns and susceptibility zones of inhibition profiles of diarrhoeagenic bacterial species against unexpired oral paediatric antibiotic suspensions|
|Table 3: in vitro antibiotic resistance patterns and susceptibility zones of inhibition profiles of diarrhoeagenic bacterial species against expired oral paediatric antibiotic suspensions|
|Table 4: overall and comparative total in vitro percentage multiple antibiotic resistance rates and profiles of the diarrhoeagenic bacterial species towards the expired and unexpired paediatric antibiotics|
|Table 5: overall comparative zones of inhibition patterns and profiles of the diarrhoeagenic bacterial species towards the expired and unexpired paediatric antibiotics|
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Matthew Logan Vasquez Unveils ‘Vacation’ Video
Matthew Logan Vasquez just released issued his third solo album LIGHT’N UP via Dine Alone Records. The Delta Spirit frontman shared the video for “Vacation” from his new LP. The nine-track effort was inspired by Vasquez’s wife and son moving to Norway to be closer with her dad, who had been diagnosed with Alzheimer’s Disease, while he stayed behind due to touring and recording commitments.
“‘Vacation’ is about certain ironies in my life,” shared Vasquez. “First that I travel the world for work, and save all my money so that I can stay home. Also most of my relationships are best described as ‘weak ties.’ I’m fortunate to have lots of great friends living all over the place, but it’s hard to develop past our first experiences. This song makes me want to pick up the phone and call old tour pals.”
Watch the video for “Vacation” below:
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King Awesome are the ultimate tribute to those explosive late 80s nights on L.A.'s Sunset Strip where big riffs and even bigger hair ruled the airwaves, where you rocked all night and partied all day, when your rallying cry was nothin' but a good time! Following hard in the footsteps of their 80s heroes, King Awesome fuse blistering riffs, anthemic choruses and an incendiary live show full of high kicks, fists pumps and tongue-in-cheek references to all your favourite 80s clichés! With an 'all killer: no filler' greatest hits set including Bon Jovi, Van Halen, Def Leppard
, Mötley Crüe
, Guns N' Roses, Poison, Whitesnake
and all their hard-rockin' amigos, King Awesome hold their crowds in the palm of their leather-gloved hands and party like it's 1989!
King Awesome - The Ultimate 80s rock show
Coming to a venue near you soon!
The Delaneys Awesome Christmas spectacular - join us for the festivities!
A brand new venue for us, can't wait to rock the South Coast!
Fully sold out last visit, a full party from wall to wall
...for all our upcoming show dates


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Treatment & Detox Guide
A Murfreesboro resident’s inspiring story in successfully battling an addiction has led to his selection to attend a national “recovery rally” in New York City today. “It is a daily struggle,” said 51-year-old Richard Soper. “You just take it one day at a time.” Soper practices psychiatry primarily in the Nashville area and is president….
Did you know that your support system can make all the difference when you enter into drug treatment? The social support systems that are integrated into drug treatment programs can have dramatic effects on the success of the overall treatment program, especially for those whose addictions are highly psychological in matter. A strong social support….
A new study discovers a treatment regimen combining cognitive-behavioral therapy and medications for depression and alcohol addiction improves clinical outcomes. Specifically, combining the antidepressant sertraline (Zoloft) with the alcohol dependence treatment naltrexone produced a 54 percent abstinence rate in patients with both major depression and alcohol dependence, whereas the rates were only 21 to 28….
Have you ever wondered what will happen if you don’t get help for a drug addiction? What is the true cost of not going into drug treatment when you suffer from addiction? Unfortunately, the cost of NOT going into drug treatment is significantly higher than the cost of getting help when you need it. While….
We love quick, tidy solutions in this country. With health problems, in particular, we’re impatient. Pills to ease each and every symptom? Great. Same-day surgery? Terrific. A scheduled cesarean section? Bring it on. ¶ But in the case of drug and alcohol dependence, it’s becoming increasingly clear that there is no such thing as get-well-quick….


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Our special offers of 100% French olive oils
Find here all our special offers, extra virgin olive oils AOC, PDO and organic, Grand Cru olive oils & Premium, huiles d’olives Gold Medal!
Our boxes of extra virgin olive oil from France
Discover our boxes of extra virgin olive oils from France with great taste qualities, appreciated by all lovers of good food. You will appreciate the diversity of olive oils in France thanks to these special offers.

domain: agronomy


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Cat-ionby Budi Satria Kwan
Skins are thin, easy-to-remove, vinyl decals for customizing your device. Skins are made from a patented material that eliminates air bubbles and wrinkles for easy application.
ABOUT THE ART
A cat so massive it has its own gravity. Physics, chemistry, atom, science.

domain: chemistry


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Ancient ruins still stand amid Iraq chaosBreaking News
Parts of its giant temples, columns and arches are still standing under the incessant sun but its city center is probably visited by more rabbits than people. Around it stands a nation still struggling to heal ancient grievances between feuding religious and ethnic groups, hoping to revisit high points in its history where the roots of civilization once sprouted.
The United Nations has declared it a world heritage site, but few people these days risk journeying to the ruins, 200 miles north of Baghdad.
Inside the circular city stand several largely intact temples to ancient gods, including a stone shrine over two stories high, dedicated to Shamash, the sun god. Although many relics and statues were rushed away to museums in Baghdad and Mosul during the 2003 invasion, a statue of a robed woman, possibly a king’s wife, still stares down at visitors.
Inscriptions in Aramaic, the language once spoken by Christ, are still visible on some buildings.
After the U.S.-led invasion in 2003, looters shot and damaged decorated features on Hatra’s walls, McGuire Gibson, an archaeology professor at the University of Chicago, said in an e-mail.
“The site is wonderful to walk around in, especially late in the evening and early in the morning,” he said. “It is amazing that such a large city could exist where it does, dependent on cisterns and ground water.”
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- Speaker Ryan loves pseudo-historian David Barton


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Deep Water ≠ Light Reading: At 380 pages, the Oil Spill Commission report offers an in-depth discussion of the 2010 disaster in the Gulf. One of the challenges facing Congress and the White House in 2011 is how to implement the report's recommendations, including ones that are pertinent to the health and survival of Louisiana's wetlands (Source: Oil Spill Commission)
Shortly after the Oil Spill Commission published its latest report to the President on January 11, the Environmental Defense Fund and seven other non-profits released a statement encouraging Congress to act on one of the report’s key recommendations.
The groups urged the Republican-led House and the Democratic-led Senate to unite behind proposals to direct 80 percent of the Clean Water Act (CWA) penalties assessed on parties responsible for the spill towards Mississippi River Delta restoration. This theme was soon picked up on other blogs, and its message was echoed in timely editorials published later that week in The New Orleans Times-Picayune, The Economist, and The New York Times.
Given the broad base of local support for Gulf Coast restoration, and the shared opinion that oil spill penalties should support this initiative, it would make sense for a significant portion of the responsible corporations’ CWA fines to go towards rehabilitation of regions affected by the spill. However, as Louisiana and its neighbors continue along the uneven path towards recovery, the question on many minds is how soon this environmental restoration funding–via CWA fines from BP, Transocean, and/or Halliburton–will translate into economic benefits for the people of the Gulf Coast.
And of those benefits, one could not come soon enough: jobs.
The Best of Times, the Worst of Times
At first glance, the employment issues facing Louisiana might not seem severe. That's because by some metrics, the state is doing far better than its peers.
Louisiana netted 19,200 new non-farm jobs between October 2009 and October 2010, while the United States as a whole eeked out a gain of 35,000 over the same period, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics. In the two years since the collapse of Lehman Brothers and the commodity and stock price slumps that followed, Louisiana’s unemployment rate has consistently remained below the national average. In addition, the announcement of new factory openings and impending trade deals last summer was seen as evidence of the Louisiana economy’s resilience to recessionary shocks.
However, when you delve deeper into the numbers, you find that things are far from perfect in the Pelican State. Especially worrisome are recent developments in Louisiana's employment indicators. Louisiana was one of only 16 states to report an increase in unemployment between October 2009 and October 2010, and while the national unemployment rate fell slightly from 10.0 percent in November 2009 to 9.8 percent in November 2010, the state's unemployment rate rose from 7.3 percent to 8.2 percent during the 12-month period. These numbers show that the gap between joblessness in Louisiana and unemployment in the rest of the United States is narrowing. In other words, they suggest that the job market in the Pelican State is worsening at the very moment when the job market of the nation-at-large is improving.
The wetland parishes have not escaped the economic pain. In the New Orleans-Metairie-Kenner metropolitan statistical area – home to most of the Mississippi River Delta’s residents – every one of the seven parishes reported an increase in unemployment between November 2009 and November 2010. The jobless rate in Orleans Parish surged from 8.1 percent to 9.8 percent, matching the national average.
One of the factors behind the recent uptick in unemployment was the BP oil disaster. The effects of the Gulf oil spill appear to have been concentrated in the coastal parishes that were impacted earliest (and longest) by subsequent fishery closures and deepwater drilling moratoriums. These events idled thousands of workers, putting a chill on the economy of southern Louisiana. While the disaster itself created unexpected windfalls for some residents, many workers, especially those in the fishing and fossil fuel sectors, wonder if a return to pre-spill normalcy is possible now or in the near future.
Problems in Plaquemines Parish
As an example, consider the experience of Plaquemines Parish. The finger-shaped parish, which includes the southernmost sections of Louisiana, extends into the Gulf of Mexico. Given its lengthy coastline, the thinly-settled peninsula is economically dependent upon the riches that lie within and beneath its surrounding waters.
In 2009, Plaquemines Parish ranked fourth (behind the more heavily populated Terrebonne, Lafourche, and Jefferson Parishes) in the percentage of state commercial fishing licenses held by its residents. That year, Plaquemines Parish issued 811 licenses to commercial oystermen and shrimpers, who in turn provided business for dozens of bait shops, restaurants, refueling depots, and repair stations dependent upon the fishing industry. The parish also was an important supply point for offshore oil platforms, providing hundreds of jobs in catering and transportation for residents of Venice, Pointe à la Hache, and other ports.
Plaquemines Parish was one of the first places where oil from the Deepwater Horizon hit land. Oil sheen was reported in East Bay and West Bay on May 7, and tar balls began washing ashore near South Pass on May 12, less than a month after the April 20 Macondo well explosion.
In the months that followed, temporary work from the Vessels of Opportunity Program and other cleanup projects helped to reduce the impact of the spill on employment in the parish, while the influx of journalists, spill voyeurs, and others provided steady business for companies situated near the spill zone. Anecdotal evidence of an unexpected boom in Plaquemines Parish was borne out by ballooning sales tax revenue, which increased 80 percent year-on-year between June 2009 and June 2010.
Leader of the pack: The chart above illustrates the important role that fishing played in the pre-spill economy of Plaquemines Parish (Sources: Louisiana Workforce Commission, Plaquemines Parish Government)
Now the cameras have departed, and with them thousands of media personnel. Since tourism has not yet rebounded to its pre-spill levels, the motels, hotels and restaurants in Plaquemines Parish are struggling to attract clients. Besides the service sector, other industries critical to the economy of southern Louisiana – including fishing and energy extraction – remain in tough shape. The sluggish recovery from the deepwater drilling moratorium has idled dozens of oil industry workers, while oystermen and shrimpers in coastal communities have faced shrinking demand for their catches amid a consumer backlash against Gulf Coast seafood.
Requiem for a bream: Several months after the Deepwater Horizon explosion, this dead fish was photographed in an oil-slicked stream near Pointe à la Hache, the seat of Plaquemines Parish (Source: Wikimedia Commons)
Unsurprisingly, the distribution of funds from the Gulf Coast Claims Facility (GCCF) has not been enough to prevent real hardship from stalking the villages and hamlets of Plaquemines Parish, creating a surge of anger and desperation among workers with few alternatives to their pre-spill careers.
What will happen to these people? What sort of training and development programs could be established to create opportunities for residents of Plaquemines Parish? And how could these short-term opportunities be structured to improve the long-term health of southeastern Louisiana’s economy?
The recovery of Plaquemines Parish could be helped along by post-spill legislation and its effect on long-delayed wetland protection projects. If billions in oil spill penalties are used to expedite environmental rehabilitation in southeastern Louisiana, the swamp could replace the sea as the engine of economic growth in Plaquemines Parish.
The Economic Potential of Environmental Protection
Many of the areas coping with an increase in unemployment are the very places that would benefit most from an expedited program of coastal rehabilitation in southern Louisiana. As a result of its location along the lowest reaches of the Mississippi River, Plaquemines Parish would be a major site for initiatives to rebuild and restore Louisiana’s deltaic wetlands.
Several of the Louisiana Coastal Area (LCA) projects authorized by Louisiana’s Office of Coastal Protection and Restoration (OCPR) are sited in Plaquemines Parish. They include the Medium Diversion at Myrtle Grove, the Medium Diversion at White Ditch, the Barataria Basin Barrier Shoreline Restoration, and the Modification to the Caernarvon Diversion. These public works projects will restore natural habitats critical to bird populations and aquatic life. In addition, the wetlands and barrier islands they will create shall serve as natural components of the region’s flood defense system.
The work will be expensive, but these investments will pay dividends by providing a new lease on life for southeastern Louisiana. The LCA initiatives, in concert with other plans for coastal restoration and flood protection in southern Louisiana, could create tens of thousands of jobs for people throughout the Pelican State.
Hands-on Work at Hopedale: A construction crew installs flapgated culverts at a hydrologic restoration project site in St. Bernard Parish (Source: Louisiana Office of Coastal Protection and Restoration)
If we reference the U.S. Army Corps Chief of Engineers’ project cost estimates for the White Ditch Diversion ($91.5 million) and the Barataria Basin Barrier Shoreline Restoration ($248.6 million), and use a jobs/spending ratio of 9.45 full-time equivalent (FTE) job-years per $1 million from our Central Wetlands Unit analysis, we can conservatively estimate that these two projects alone would create (91.5 + 248.6) * 9.45 ≈ 3,214 full-time jobs in Louisiana. If we instead use the respective spending caps (150 percent of projected cost) to estimate the price tag for these initiatives, and reference the Economic Policy Institute’s job/spending ratio of 20.3 FTE job-years per $1 million for environmental work, then we could say that, at the high end, the Barataria Basin Shoreline Restoration and the White Ditch Diversion would generate (1.5 * (91.5 + 248.6)) * 20.3 ≈ 10,356 full-time equivalent positions in Louisiana. Inevitably, many of these jobs in construction, landscaping, engineering, and project management would go to residents of Plaquemines Parish, creating new opportunities for its 20,000 residents.
Regional leaders recognize that these efforts are important for the future of Plaquemines Parish and its neighbors. Parish President Billy Nungesser, who was appointed to the Louisiana Coastal Protection and Restoration Authority (CPRA) in 2009, has stated: “Our coastal plan is our economic development plan. Failure is not an option.”
We agree. The comprehensive restoration of southern Louisiana’s wetlands will demand consistent input from visiting planners, engineers, and consultants, providing a new client base for the state’s service sector. Restored wetlands will provide resilient new habitat for aquatic life, improving the health of important fisheries in the Gulf and supporting the long-term recovery of Louisiana’s marine industries. The flood protection afforded by buffering swamps and marshes will keep communities and infrastructure sheltered from storm surges and floods, allowing southeastern Louisiana to remain an active hub of America’s offshore energy industry.
To us, the case is clear, but the important decisions now lie with Congress and the President. They have the power to make restoration funding a priority this calendar year. We hope that the House will act soon on recent legislation from Rep. Ed Markey (D-MA) and Rep. Steve Scalise (R-LA) to direct Clean Water Act funds towards marsh and swamp restoration on the Gulf Coast. Failure to move now on post-spill penalties for wetland rehabilitation would be a bad break for Louisiana, its beleaguered environment, and its battered economy.


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EDIT: after writing this post, I had a complete change of plans come along, Emmie wanted to make an american girl doll dress, and Isaac wanted to make a hooded t-shirt out of fabric he picked at the LA fabric district – so no shawl collars or dresses for me today! (I like being flexible while they are still home with me, so we can spend memory making time together!)
Here’s Isaac’s top,
He cut out the whole thing, (we used a commercial pattern, but made the pocket) and helped with the sewing, although the serger scared him a bit, he did a good job, but the coverstitch machine wasn’t happening, so I did all that for him!
So I was on Anthropologie’s website last night, and I found a couple of things that I thought would make really great inspirations for things I am working on around here (some clothes for miss Emmie, but also some for me, although mine might wait until after the kids go back to school on the 27th.
The first is this little jacket,
I can’t remember what it is called, as I saved this image ages ago, but I own this one from Anthropologie, and I LOVE it! I did surgery on mine by buying a bigger size, and then crossing it over more and moving the trim so that it still looked right, but it fit my arms and bust a lot better after I did.
I’m thinking I might not do all of the details if I make this for Emmie, especially since the hand embroidery would take too long and she’s still growing so she doesn’t get that much time dedicated to her projects!
And lastly for this post, I liked this dress a lot! I love the lace front and back, I love the pin-tucking, and I love the colors! The length is an issue, as it is VERY short as far as I am concerned, (this picture is a link too)
And although, beautiful, there is just not enough to the top, I am going to to try making this for Emmie, and she will need there to be much more to the back then this! I haven’t decided exactly what I am making this out of – do I turn it into a knit playdress, or do I use wovens and have it be easier to make, but need to be ironed…… hmm.
Anyway, I am going to be working out the details of some of these over the next couple of days, we’ll see what sticks, and I will try to have a tutorial or two up over the next little bit! Have you seen anything that has struck your fancy at a website recently? Links? I would love to see what inspires you!


Another tune from Barbra Streisand’s upcoming album, Encore: Movie Partners Sing Broadway, have theatre lovers thrilled. Tony winner Hugh Jackman and Grammy, Emmy, Tony and Oscar winner Streisand join forces on “Any Moment Now,” a cut song from the Marvin Hamlisch and Carolyn Leigh musical Smile. The late great Hamlish was Streisand’s musical director.
The album is due out August 26th, but before Encore: Movie Partners Sing Broadway is even released Adele is said to be in talks to record a duets album with Barbra, in what’s likely to be the biggest pairing of musical heavyweights in years. Columbia Records, which they are both signed to, is all a go green lighting the project. Expect an album of laid-back jazz lounge sounds that Lady Gaga opted for on her collaboration with Tony Bennett.
In the meantime the Aussie is almost unrecognisable as he posred a selfie with a thick two-toned beard. Vacationing in the outbacks and getting back to nature, Jackman catches a fish much like his character in The River, which ran at the Circle in the Square Theatre from October 2014 to February 2015. Jackman prepped and cooked a fish, that had audiences craving more than just fish.


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Inductively Coupled Plasma Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES)
This analysis method uses a high-frequency inductively-coupled plasma as the light source, and is ideal for the analysis of sample solutions. The ICP Emission Spectrometer has become highly regarded for its speed and accuracy, due to the increase in the number of analyzed samples and analyzed elements in recent years. It is widely used as the official analysis method according to JIS and ISO standards and the Japanese Water Supply Act. This instrument supports an extensive range of analysis from trace levels to high concentrations. It also supports analysis for research and development, automated analysis for production control, and water-quality monitoring analysis for environmental management.
Start measurements easily by simply clicking icons on the assistant bar in order.


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NHL Youth New Jersey Devils Alternate Logo Black T-Shirt
- Standard fit, crew neck tee
- Durable, crew neck collar
Style and Team Spirit
- Features team graphics
- Screen-printed graphics
- Fits youth sizes: 8-20
- Officially licensed product
- Country of Origin : United States of America
- Fabric : 100% cotton
- Brand : Outerstuff
- Web ID: 21OTFYNHLDVLSBLKYNJDA
- SKU: 22072491
Jersey Buying Guide | ProTips by DICK'S Sporting Goods
Learn more about jersey types from your favorite leagues and teams, including the NFL, MLB, NBA and more. Find out what makes an authentic vs. a replica jersey and find your perfect fit!
Pro Tips Guide to the 2018 USA Baseball Youth Bat Standard Change
Learn more about the new regulations taking effect in 2018 that could impact your youth bat buying experience.
Why do Players Wear Eye Black?
Why do softball players, football players and athletes of all kinds wear eye black? Find out more about the types and benefits of eye black to help improve your game.
5 Tips for Buying Kids Soccer Cleats
Our soccer experts have a few pointers for finding the right youth soccer footwear for your budding athlete.
The Pro Tips Youth Soccer Checklist
Be prepared this upcoming soccer season with the right equipment, apparel and accessories.
Defensive Linup Strategies For Youth Baseball
Baseball coaches can use this guide to better organize their defensive strategy on the field.

domain: hobby


5" Surface Discs with Fine Grit (Package of 3)
The latest innovation in abrasive products, surface conditioning discs are tough non-woven nylon suited for conditioning metal, wood or plastic. The can be used to deburr, blend welds, and clean surfaces. There web-like construction conforms to surface shapes and gets into corners and irregular surfaces where other discs can not. Disc changes are quick with the hook & loop backing attachment system.
- 5" Diameter
- Nylon Construction
- Fine Grit
- Package of 3
Since its founding in 1924, Milwaukee has focused on a single vision: To produce the best heavy-duty electric power tools and accessories available to the professional user. Today, the Milwaukee name stands for the highest quality, durable and reliable professional tools money can buy.
Additional Milwaukee Links
- View Manufacturer Warranty
- Shop All Milwaukee Products
Our SKU: Milwaukee 48-80-4008
This product is listed under the following manufacturer number(s):
- Milwaukee 48-80-4008
*Denotes a finish or option that has been discontinued
Milwaukee 48-80-4008 Product Specifications
Installation Resource Center
Whether you are installing the product yourself or hiring a professional, our installation Resource Center has everything you need to get your project done. Visit the Installation Resource Center to get started.


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bold. intuitive. honest. vegan. ethical. colourful. Australian made. plant-based. clean. pure ingredients. high performing. innovative.
we are artist driven. revolutionary. original. beautiful. cruelty-free. global. true leaders. versatile. accessible. authentic. passionate. unique. iconic.
With a fine arts background and 20+ years working for multiple global brands as a lead makeup artist and beauty exec Jill Chambers invested 10 years into researching green beauty.
To her amazement a vegan, Australian made, high pigment, artist brand utilizing the wealth of indigenous ingredients didn’t exist. So she decided to make her own.
Jill and the TMF. lab are dedicated to designing 100% clean, vegan, fashion driven, high pigment, utility cosmetics that are easy to apply and accessible to all.
“We are TMF and we believe in better, cleaner, more enlightened beauty for everyone,” says Jill.
“Our mission is to bring you the freshest, botanical-infused colour with high-impact pigments, which are always clean, vegan and cruelty-free.”
Pure Skin Base Primer Oily/Normal Skin; Pure Skin Glow Primer Normal/Dry Skin; Dream Conceal Botanical Full Coverage Foundation + Concealer (12 inclusive shades); Vegan Skin Perfector – Light to Medium Coverage Serum Foundation (12 inclusive shades); Flawless Mineral Pressed Foundation (5 shades); Flawless Mineral Bronzed (1 shade) Light to Medium Skin Tones; Vegan Lips (10 High Pigment Shades); Sheer Lips (4 soft, sheer washes of colour in a lipstick balm texture); Lip Love Pencils (4 shades); Pure Brow Pencils (3 shades); for eyes Art Series High Pigment Dusts (6 shades); Fresh Eyes Black.
Pure, Honest, Ethical Ingredients
Including high performing…jojoba oil, avocado oil, mica, green tea extract, glycerol, rose oil, candelilla wax, coconut oil, cocoa butter,
Pure Skin Glow Normal Dry Skin
Winner Beauty Shortlist Awards 2020
Dream Conceal Botanical Full Coverage Foundation
Vegan Lips (10 high pigment shades)
Fresh Eyes Black
Pure Brow Pencils (3 shades)
Get The Look
Five Minute Face – Teagan
Eight products including Vegan Lip, Lips Love Pencil, Fresh Eyes Pencil Black


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Provide something as collateral for (a loan): these loans are collateralized by property (as adjective collateralized) the risk of investments known as collateralized mortgage obligations
Más ejemplos en oraciones
- From a bank's perspective, this courier service doesn't have assets that can easily collateralize a loan, such as trucks, real property, and inventory.
- However, you won't get any money unless you can completely collateralize the loan through your own personal assets.
- That way, they know the bank has avenues to collateralize your loan with some of your personal assets.
For editors and proofreaders
Saltos de línea: col|lat¦eral|ize
Definición de collateralize en:
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domain: finance