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We are delighted to confirm that the Minister for Primary Care, Mr Alex White TD, is to formally launch the opening of our Annual Seminar for Public Dental Surgeons to take place in the Mullingar Park Hotel between 16 - 18 October.
The Minister is expected to make a major announcement signalling a review of oral health policy to be undertaken under the leadership of the new Chief Dental Officer, Dr Dympna Kavanagh.
The Department of Health has confirmed that it will engage with the public, the Irish Dental Association and other relevant stakeholders in developing oral health policy, ensuring equity of access and prioritisation of patients with greatest needs. We expect to hear details for the first time of the Government’s policy priorities and preferences as regards oral health in the addresses by Minister White and Dr Kavanagh and of the process and the framework for the review.
Therefore we would encourage as many members as possible to attend the addresses which commence at 11am on Wednesday, 16 October.
We ask that you register your attendance in advance by contacting IDA House as soon as possible in order that adequate facilities and catering may be made available. The booking fee for IDA members is available at the very reasonable fee of €160 only. Full details of the event are available to read here.


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Neuropathic pain, especially in children can be extremely challenging to recognize and treat. Dr. Alyssa Lebel MD, a dually trained pediatric neurologist and pain physician, provides a step by step explanation of neuropathic pain across the pediatric age groups and provides practical tools for how h
Publish Date: Mar 23, 2021
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Neuropathic pain, especially in children can be extremely challenging to recognize and treat. Dr. Alyssa Lebel MD, a dually trained pediatric neurologist and pain physician, provides a step by step explanation of neuropathic pain across the pediatric age groups and provides practical tools for how healthcare professionals can recognize and treat it effectively. Takeaways in This Episode Dr. Lebel's personal connection to and her journey into becoming a pediatric neurologist and pain physician The unique features of pediatric nervous system and neurocognitive development Features distinguishing pediatric neuropathic pain from that among the adults What are functional neurological disorders or pain presentation of these disorders, and the findings on imaging (Hint: it’s not just made up or feigned symptoms) Why and when neonates and infants develop neuropathic or chronic pain Correlation between colic, headache, and/or abdominal pain Ways to prevent the triggering of the central nervous system Guide to an early recognition of neuropathic pain Strategies to treat children's neuropathic pain What the family/patient needs in addition to the treatment options. Links Alyssa Lebel MD FREE Clinicians'Pain Evaluation Toolkit Proactive Pain Solutions About the Guest Speaker Alyssa Lebel MD Dr. Alyssa Lebel is the Co-Director of Headache Program, and a Senior Associate in Pain Medicine in the Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine at Boston Children's Hospital. She's an Associate Professor of Anesthesia at the Harvard Medical School. Dr. Lebel is fellowship trained in pediatric neurology and pain medicine. After her training Dr. Lebel chose to devote her clinical practice primarily to the treatment of patients with significant pain, initially in both adults and children with cancer, and then in patients of all ages with intractable neuropathic pain. Early in her career, she sought additional training in regional anesthesia and rehabilitative medicine to provide a comprehensive service for challenging referrals. Concurrently, she maintained a general pediatric neurology outpatient clinic and served as a teaching attending for the Department of Neurology. In Philadelphia, she continued to work for the Departments of Anesthesiology, Pain Division, and Neurology, on the inpatient and outpatient services as well as within a partial hospital program for pain rehabilitation, ultimately focusing on pediatric care while at Children's Hospital of Philadelphia. Currently, at Boston Children's Hospital, she has increasingly focused on patients with chronic headache. She has written extensively and lectured nationally and internationally on both the mechanisms and treatment of pediatric headache. She established and directs a multidisciplinary pain-management program for patients with chronic head pain. She is recognized by her colleagues as an expert in the comprehensive assessment and management of pediatric and young adult patients with headache and cranial neuralgia.

domain: medical


I had heard that Makati Cinema Square basement level had all sorts of boys toys stores and even a gun range so I jumped on the bike early and headed over. I soon found myself in a wonderland of tactical shops, gun shops, knife and survival gear shops, gun ranges etc. My god it was wonderland ! I strolled around for a little while but eventually the gun range drew me in. I have shot alot of rifles in my time and I used to be pretty bloody good on the range however I have had never shot a pistol before. So I paid $30 and i was soon blasting away on the range with a 9mm and my very own instructor. FUCKING LOOOVED IT !!


With our 2nd layer liners of hybrid construction you see to that you wear maximum warmth without bulk. In this case due to the wool insulation inside. They have a very comfortable shape and are constructed with windproof fabric at front and back. At the side panels, you find a spandex/fleece jersey allowing maximum breathabilty where you need it the most but also a stretch fit that offers good mobility.
In the Liner family you find a long coat, a short coat and a jacket. The colors is the same as in our other winter collection which offers you the possibility to mix and match.
The front and back panels ripstop nylon are quilted with wool insulation offering unbeatable climate management and breathability as well as maximum warmth. The wool insulation comes from Europe and is traceable. The manufacturer is the German company Lavalan.


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Keeping her home free from dirt, grime and odors is every mother’s constant challenge. Taking care of little ones requires cleaning up after them and wiping down most things they come in contact with throughout the day. Food and drink spills, dirty diapers, fingerprints on walls, unpleasant odors and even pet urine are easily cleaned and safely eliminated using Friendly Organic® Stain and Odor Remover. Maintaining a fresh smelling and clean environment is important to you. Using Friendly Organic® Stain & Odor Remover will help create the clean, stain and odor-free environment you desire so you can focus on your family. Our Stain and Odor Remover is specially formulated with powerful plant-derived active agents to tackle even the toughest stains & odors. Enjoy the refreshing feeling and sense of well being it gives!
|Made with plant derived ingredients
|Balanced pH. Gentle to skin
|Doesn’t leave harmful residues
|Readily biodegradable cleaning agents
|Contains natural essential lemon oil
|Especially effective at removing organic stains like baby food
|SLES (Sodium Laureth Ether Sulphate), Phosphates, Dyes, Chlorine and Optical brighteners.

domain: chemistry


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Imagine being able to pick fresh lemons, limes and oranges right from your patio! Read more »
Cutting overgrown grasses by more than an inch or two at a time can create unhealthy brown and bald spots in your lawn – or ev... Read more »
Kids are eager gardeners. They love to experiment with colorful flowers, have an adventurous sense of design, and getting dirt... Read more »
Our Shear Ease® Grass Shears include a patented mechanism that prevents the blades from jamming or sticking when you’re trimmin... Read more »
The first time you try our PowerGear® Hedge Shears, you’ll be amazed — but it’s not magic, it’s gears. Our patented gear techno... Read more »
Our Easy-Pour Watering Can offers both capacity and control. The 2.6-gallon volume holds a generous amount of water that is eas... Read more »
Put your crafting skills to work and create a beautiful and unique fascinator that reflects your personal style. Read more »
“Painting” with tissue paper is not only fun but beautiful! Read more »
Mosaic tile frames are a beautiful way to display photos. Read more »
Designed for long, easy cuts down strips of Duck® Tape, our Duck® Edition Scissors feature a non-stick blade coating that preve... Read more »
Add distinctive style to craft projects of all kinds with a Squeeze Punch that makes every embellishment up to 2X easier to pun... Read more »
Designed for tight, precise cuts through Duck® Tape, our Duck® Edition Detail Scissors feature a non-stick blade coating that p... Read more »
A colorful, roomy bag is just the thing you need to carry all your belongings for a day at the beach. Read more »
Keep the kids busy on a road trip with their own art bag full of inspiration and the essentials. Read more »
This easy pillowcase dress looks adorable with pretty fabrics. Plus, it is super simple to put together, even if you have not... Read more »
Only our Stitcher Scissors provide precision and control that meet the needs of the most demanding sewers and quilters. Micro-T... Read more »
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Choose our Dressmaker Shears for long, smooth cuts through multiple layers of medium to heavy fabrics. Extra-long blades maximi... Read more »
Looking for a sure cure for bored kids - make sparkly sea creatures! Read more »
Open-ended activities like this Busy Book can keep kids occupied in the back seat of a car AND spark fun family conversations! Read more »
It doesn’t take much to turn an everyday snack into something a little extra special. It is great to see how quickly you can a... Read more »
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The beautiful mood lighting of lanterns at outdoor gatherings is fabulous, so why not craft up a set to use this summer. Read more »
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Make a thoughtful gift for someone this summer! Read more »
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Reason being, is because I have two very eager helpers that can’t resist being glued at my hip when they know I have a sewing project up my sleeve. It’s often the simplest of plans that allow me and my little helpers to arrive at a result we could have never conjured up before we started, by using our creative expression and infusing a bit of personal style. It’s creative play at it’s finest, with fabric as our medium, mixed in with a healthy dose of trial and error---and lots of seam ripping if I’m being completely honest.
You see, I have this little problem I like to call the ‘instant gratification’ disease. Many of the paper crafting projects I create are ones that can be finished in just one sitting—instantly gratifying—and usually without little helpers. Sewing projects are a different story, and for the most part, are void of that instant gratification ‘high’. Having young children in the house turns most of my sewing projects into somewhat of a family affair, which makes them challenging to finish in just one sitting, but that doesn’t give me an excuse to avoid them all together.
So, what have I done to keep myself from avoiding any and all sewing projects, you might ask? Well, silly as it may sound, I have allowed them to help direct and guide my creative sewing adventures. I know these days are numbered, so instead of it being a project I do alone, I use the time to challenge myself to some character building skills (mainly: patience) and also challenge myself to drench every project I create with my own personal style—which is highly influenced by these eager helpers of mine.
Let’s talk about ways in which this happens as I walk you through my latest sewing project---a pair of fun and funky stockings just waiting to be filled.
First things first, I came up with an idea and gathered supplies, and the tools I needed. For this project, that meant gathering a cutting mat, quilting ruler, rotary cutter, scissors, thread snips, and my tool taxi.
Then, I set to work to get the foundation of my project underway. Cutting fabric is made easier with the help of an assistant. While she’s too little to use a rotary cutter proficiently, she’s perfect at counting inches and holding my cutting ruler steady while I make each pass—most of the time.
Once we decided that alternating pattern and solid stripes was the look we were wanting, I boosted her confidence in decision-making by allowing her to choose the stitching order of the fabrics. When working on a sewing project such as this—one that is used only once a year—it’s easy to look beyond a perfectly coordinated end result and just enjoy the process of encouraging helpers along the way.
Every moment becomes a teachable one, answering their inquisitive questions and explaining why it will or will not work the way in which they are imagining. While learning to sew, she is also exercising and reinforcing other educational lessons learned at school, such as AB pattern making, fractions, critical thinking and problem solving skills. Of course the lessons being reinforced change depending on the age of the child helping.
Sometimes I’m left alone to do the creating as other interest capture her attention, and other times I have both children huddled around me asking dozens of questions and giving their opinion on how they think the finished project should look, completely captivated by the entire process.
I never hesitate to allow them to do some of the actual sewing. My heavens, the worse that could happen is a broken needle—which can be replaced—or a wonky seam that can be ripped. I’m sure to keep my Tool Taxi close by, giving my seam ripper a workout. Come on! There’s nothing more exciting to a child than having permission to ‘undo’ work that has just been done. Am I right?
One of the lessons that ring true in our conversations over and over again is ways in which we can reuse and recycle materials. For no cost at all, we were able to take traditional, boring red stockings that didn’t resemble our personal style at all and make use of them in our projects not only once, but twice. The first time we traced a stocking onto a recycled grocery sack to create our pattern and the second time was to recycle the entire cuff.
For a project such as this, I also recommend using any marking tool easily found around your home (i.e. a permanent marker) to trace your pattern piece instead of spending well-earned dollars on a pricey vanishing ink pen made especially for fabric. Then cut out the pattern leaving a ¼” gap between your cutting and the traced lines for the seam allowance.
You can save money on other sewing projects, such as clothing, by using a well-loved article of clothing as a pattern in much the same way as I’ve done here, instead of purchasing a pattern. Again, another lesson on how best to spend your crafting budget. I can hear the words I heard as a child ring loud and clear that went something along the lines of “make do or do without.” Words I probably first heard as a child sitting next to my grandmother at her sewing machine.
The best part of these projects is listening to the conversations and seeing how they help morph the project into the final result. These conversations include anything and everything from talking about fabric choices, to the tools I’m using, to how they can help with the next step, to ways in which we can cut out-of-pocket expenses and even plans for our upcoming holiday that have nothing to do with sewing at all. I make it a point while sewing with helpers to have a small notebook beside me at all times. Jotting down their ideas or funny things they say along the way, as these thoughts and words other help spark future creative ideas just waiting to be explored.
For this project specifically she was not only obsessed with learning how moving the dials (stitch length and stitch selector), but also with seeing how these adjustments affected the appearance of the stitch. That obsession alone helped spark the idea of letting her do some artsy-style stitching in the white strips, with a bright color thread, to allow for some infusion of her personal style and some practice along the way. Fun, funky and wonky is the way we roll.
If you’re in much the same boat as I with extra help, I encourage you to stop using the extra hands as an excuse not to sew at all, but instead, look at it as time to unwind from all time crunches and just let the project morph and flow into a better version of an end result you might have otherwise aimed for. With the right tools you’ll find even ripping seams to be enjoyable. After all, no one is going remember a wonky stitch or two, but everyone will delight in seeing your finished project and hearing each of you talk about the process. Not to mention, they’ll be amazed at the fact that you could even get a sewing project completed with children by your side.

domain: artistic


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The Secret Ingredient In this Popular Dip Is A Southern Favorite
Want to add some pizzazz to a recipe? Consider putting a pickle in it. If you can grow it you can pickle it, as evidenced by this gallery of pucker-worthy pickled garden vegetables, so think beyond the traditional relish tray and let your pickled produce be the secret ingredient in your recipes. Consider adding your pickle relish to buttermilk biscuits, pickled onions to leafy green salads, and the Southern pantry favorite, pickled okra, to this delightful Warm Gumbo Dip.
There are bound to be some gumbo purists reading this that will take offense because we call this a "gumbo" dip. When the recipe was first published, one reader went so far as to say that this dip was a fake Cajun recipe and was an insult to Cajun, African-American, and Native American cooks everywhere. Pretty strong words, but we get it. People in the South love, reallylove, their food, and any variation from the original is oftentimes hard to swallow. Admit it – at some point in your life you have been witness to, and maybe even a part of, a rather heated discussion over whether a REAL Southerner would ever be caught dead putting sugar in their cornbread. It is understandable why some gumbo lovers shudder at the though of a party dip recipe using the word "gumbo" in the title. So what is supposed to be in a gumbo, and what makes this dip gumbo-ish?
A true gumbo recipe has to include what is known as the Cajun trinity - onions, green peppers, and celery. The Southern LivingTest Kitchen staff was very generous with these three items when including them in this recipe. A good gumbo will also include a meat or shellfish, such as ham, sausage, chicken, shrimp, or crab. We covered that, as well, with mounds of succulent Wild American shrimp. Gumbo lovers will argue about adding okra or tomatoes to gumbo; however, for some added zing, we stirred in a heaping amount of pickled okra as a secret ingredient. The addition of pickled okra in this Warm Gumbo Dip is, as one reader from New Orleans wrote, "what makes it reminiscent of gumbo, and makes the flavor so distinct and memorable."
Gumbo enthusiasts, give this dip a try at your next party. We think you will agree that, instead of serving as an insult to Cajun cooking, every spoonful of this recipe is actually full of respect for the incredible tastes and traditions represented in a bowl of gumbo.

domain: food


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Surgically describe HM's procedure. In detail... and why?
Why was it a sucess.
HM had generalized seizures once a week and partial 1-2x a day. Found that seizures occurred from foci in medial portion of Left and Right temporal lobes.
A bilateral medial temporal lebectomy was preformed. There was a removal of the medial portions of both temporal lobes including most of the hippocampus, the amgydala and the adjacent cortex.
The surgery was a sucess because he was no longer having generalized convulsion and his minor siezures was reduce to one or two per day and his medication was also lowered
Why is HM's Case important to the history of psychology.
Challenged original view that memory was diffusely and equivalently distributed throughout the brain.
. Spawned massive research efforts to clarify the role of medial temporal lobe structures in memory.
Indicated that Short Term Memory and Long Term Memory have different neuroanatomical substrates.
Suggests that hippocampus plays a role in memory consolidation.
First study to distinguish between implicit and explicit memory.
- medial temporal lobe amnesia
- medial diencephalic amnesia
- post traumatic amnesia
- Temporal Lobe amnesia – mnemonic deficits with preserved intellectual functioning and difficulty forming explicit longterm memories while being able to form implicit memories. Is evidence of medial temporal lobe damage (true for all patients)
- Medial diencephalic amnesia – Popular in people with Korsakoff syndrome. -This is caused by damage to the Medial Diencephalic. -lesions to this area from consumption of large amounts of alcohol and thymine deficiency. But it is not because of just damage to one are of the diencephalic.
- Post traumatic Amnesia – occurs after traumatic event like a non-penetrating blow to the head leading to a coma. When patient regains consiousness there is a period of confussion.
Temporal lobe amnesia and Medial diencephalic amnesia are perminant damage where as PTA patients once recover they regain their memories
- Standard Consolidation Theory?
- Multi-trace theory?
- Reconsolidation theory?
Standard Consolidation Theory – theory that memories are temporarily stored in the hippocampus until they can be transferred to a more stable cortical storage system
Multi-trace theory – memories are encoded in a distributed fashion throughout hippocampus and the brain structures for as long as the memories exist, not just during the period after they are learned.
Reconsolidation – once memory is retrieved from long term storage, it is temporarily held in labile (changeable or unstable) Short Term Memory where it is susceptible to post traumatic amnesia until it is reconsolidated
Describe how the Delayed nonmatching to sample test is conducted.
How has this test been used in monkeys and rats to understand the neural substrates of object regonition and memory?
Brian reagions that help us form memoeries?
Delayed nonmatching to sample test suggest that when there is a delay participant will take non matching sample not the familiar sample.
There is a sample object with food placed under it. After a delay the sample object is placed infront of the subject along with a new unfamiliar object. The subject must remember the sample object so that he can pick the unfamiliar object.
The cortex around the amygdala and the hippocampus are what cause memory loss it was the damage done to the surrounding cortex (rhinal Cortex which is for visual memory)
mmonkeys are in a cage rats are in the mummby box
the hippocampua alone was damaged and there was not really any deficits they amygdala damage alone showed no deficits. the adjacent cortex alone showed major deficts
Long Term Potentiation:
Why is it imprtant?
How is Glutamate, NMDA receptors, and AMPA receptors are involved in this phenomenon?
A phenomenon that is believe to trigger the formation of new memories.
A word is presented for the first time and seeing it causes the release of glutamate.
Some of that glutamate binds to AMPA receptors and slightly depolarizes the cells through the influx of sodium ions.
Some of that glutamate binds to NMDA receptors and does nothing because there is a magnesium ion blocking the channel. Then you "learn" the word.
You say the word over and over to yourself focusing on the word.
By doing this the neurons release large amounts of glutamate, which bind to AMPA receptors and NMDA receptors.
Because so much glutamate has been released, the binding to AMPA causes a larger amount of sodium to enter the cell.
As the cell becomes more depolarized, the magnesium molecule is dislodged from the NMDA receptor, allowing calcium to enter the cell (because glutamate is already bound to the receptor, but just couldn't activate it because of the magnesium).
When calcium enters the cell, it causes a cascade of effects which leads to the generation of new AMPA receptors in the postsynaptic membrane.
After learning is all done, once you see the word again and it immediately activates the release of glutamate. However, now there are more AMPA receptors than there were the very first time you saw the word (i.e., before learning).
Because there are more AMPA receptors for the glutamate to bind to, the receiving cells become more depolarized.
6 Steps to digestion!
a. Chewing breaks up food and mix with saliva
b. Saliva lubricates food and begins its digestion
c. Swallowing moves food and drink down the esophagus to the stomach
d. Stomach is mainly for storage and all the while, the food is being broken down further by hydrochloric acid. Pepsin also begins to break down the protein molecules into amino acids.
e. Digestive enzymes in duodenum, many of them from gall badder and pancreas, breaks down protein molecules to amino acids, starch and complex sugars into simple sugars. Simple sugars and amino acids readily pass through the duodenum wall into bloodstream and are carried to liver.
f. Fats are broken down into droplets (emulsified) by bile, which is made in liver and stored in gall bladder until it is released into duodenum. Emulsified fat cannot pass through duodenum wall and is carried by small ducts in duodenum wall into lymphatic system.
g. Most of remaining water and electrolytes are absorbed from waste in large intestine, and remainder is ejected from anus.
Three phases of energy metabolism:
what do they do and how do they interact with one another to regulate our metabolic state?
– Preparatory phase, which is initiated by sight, smell, or expectation of food this phase ends when food starts to absored into the blood stream.
2. Absorptive Phase – Nutrients from a meal meeting body’s immediate energy requirements, with the excess being stored
During both phases
---Insulin levels high, Gllcagon levels are low.
-The Insulin-(1)Promotes utilization of blood glucose as a source of energy by the body; (2)conversion of excess glucose to glycogen and fat; (3)conversion of amino acids to proteins; storage of glycogen in liver and muscle, fat in adipose tissue, and protein in muscle
3. Fasting Phase
– Energy being withdrawn from stores to meet body’s immediate needs
-- Glucagon levels high & Insulin levels low
--- Without high levels of insulin glucose can not get into the body. So utilization of glucose is only used for the brain beacuse it doesnt need insulin to get in the brain.
--The conversion of glycogen and protien to glucose
--Free fatty acids are released from adipose tissue to be used as fuel.
--Free fatty acid is converted to ketones
Compare/Contrast Lipostatic and Leaky Barrel Model
- Lipostatic Theory –Set Point Model; deviation from set point of body fat produces compensatory adjustments in level of eating that return levels of body fat back to set point.
2. . Leaky Barrel Model – Settling Point Model;
i. amount of water = amount of of avaliable food
ii. water pressure at nozzle = incentive value of available food
iii. amount of water entering barrel = amount of consumed energy
iv. water level in barrel = level of body fat
v. amount of water leaking from barrel = amount of energy being expended
vi. weight of barrel on hose = strength of satiety signal (sense of fullness)
Compare – both are models for body weight models that attempt to explain the factors that help influence body weight achieve an equilibrium.
Contrast – settling point models are loose explanation for homeostasis regulation and no set point. Negative Feedback in settling point model merely limits further change in same direction whereas negative feedback in set point model triggers a return to the set point.
Taste Preference and Taste Aversion
Taste Preference and Taste Aversion – prefer taste that are followed by infusion of calorie and avoid taste that result in illness (daddy and curry chicken). Studies show that rats that are reared together instead of isolation are more likely to learn to eat a healthy diet. (culture affects these two things)
Learning to eat vitamins and minerals – if body is deficient in particular vitamins and minerals like sodium, etc, body will have an immediate preference for something that has that particular vitamin/mineral in it.
Rats that have thymine deficiency were giving 2 diets one with thymine and one without it. Eventually, the rat tailored their diet to the one that contained thymine. However, when the rats were given 10 diets and only one had thymine, they were less likely to obtain the thymine diet.
Interesting factors that influence why we eat:
Describe four of them
Satiety Signals – A signal when one is full; depends on volume and nutritive density (calories per unit volume) of the food.
Sham Eating – rat’s esophagus was disconnected from stomach and those rats were fed and the food did not go into stomach BUT eventually the rats did stop eating citing a psychological aspect to eating as well. Suggest that satiety signals are not need to terminate a meal.
Appetite Effect and Satiety – eating appropriate sized appetizer will make person hungrier because the appetizer activates body to prepare for food.
Social Influence – might eat less if around a group of people ( don’t want to seem fat to others)
Different long term memories
Declative: things you know that you can tell others
-Episodic : remembering your first day of school
- Semantic: knowing the capital of France
Nondeclearative: things you know and can show by doing.
-Skill learning : kowning how to ride a bicycle
-Priming being more likely to use a word you learned recently
-Conditioning: salivating when you see your favorite food.
Test to examine long-term memory
digit span + 1 test: five digits and then 1 is added after each trial 1 digit is added. Normal subjects can do 25 HM couldnt do 8
Mirrow Drwing Test: Asked to draw a line within the boundries of the star-shaped target, by watching your hand in the mirrow.
Incomplete Picture Test: You are given five fragments og the pictures Set one is terrible and hard to identify and then set five is the complete picture the idea is to see if the subject can guess the picture between every day they should get better.
The historical developement and the state of our current knowledge regarding regarding the neuroanatomy of hunger and satiety.
There was a myth: eating behaviors were thought to be controlled by the different regiond of the hypothalamus. Satiety by the VMH and feeding by the LH . (WRONG!)
Dual Center Hypothesis – Ventromedial Hypothalamus(VMH) is considered the satiety center which activates the “full” feeling. If there is a lesion in the VMH, it results in hyperphagia which is excessive eating and extreme obesity in rats. The obesity in rat began with dynamic phase which is the rapid weight gain. Once this happens the rat will enter into the static phase in which it maintains the obese bodyweight. Usually if there is a lesion the Paraventricular Nucleus(PVN) it has been cut with the VMH. Also, if there is a lesion in JUST the PVN, hyperphagia occurred.
Lateral Hypothalamus is believed to house the Hunger Center which activates the sense of hunger. A disruptin in the LH can result in no responds of eating and drinking which are Aphagia and Adipsia respectively. Other areas that are affected are the Amygdala Frontal Cortex and the Substantia Nigra.
Hypothalmus is responsible for regulation of energy metabolism. the lesion to the VMH caused the animals to overest because they've become over weight not the other way around. They were now over weight because the lesion lead to increase blood insulin levels which increase lipogenesis( the prodcution of body fat) and a decrease in lipolysis( which is the break down of body fat to use for energy).
Role of lepin in obesity
The relationship to insulin
he acurate nucleus, nuropeptied Y and the melanocotin system
Fat is released as a peptide hormone call leptin.
Research has shown leptin to be a very important part of obesity. Leptin is released by fat cells and are sent to the hypothalamus where there are leptin receptors. Leptin receptors are mostly found in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus.
Leptin receptor activation suppresses neuropeptide Y, which is associated in initiating hunger and excites the melanocortin system, which plays a role in satiety and is believed to suppress hunger.
Activation of leptin receptors also releases corticotrophin-releasing hormone, which suppresses hunger.
Leptin is believed to be a negative feedback signal regulating body fat by decreasing appetite and increasing fat metabolism.
Insulin is also believed to be a negative feedback signal regulating body fat since receptors are found in the brain, level of insulin in the brain correlates with body fat, and injections of insulin into the brain of lab animals results in weight loss.
Leptin is associated with subcutaneous fat, which is fat beneath the skin. Insulin is associated with visceral fat, which is fat surrounding the organs.
Neuropeptide y= released in the gut and the arcuate nucleus and it is associated with hunger.
Melanocortin system= neurons in the arcuate nucleus that regulate melanocyte-stimulating hormone and in so doing play a role in satiety.
how are they important to drug addiction?
Metabloic Tolerance: tolerance that develops because of changes that reduce the amount of durgs getting to the site.
Functional Tolerance: tolerance that reduce the the reactiity of the sites of action to the drug
Cross Torlerance: One drug can produce tolerance to other drug that was not experienced because they act by the same mechanism
*** Impotant because****
Failure to understand this can have tragic consequence to people who believe that because they develop tolerence to a effect of the drug they now believe they are tolerant to the drug
Two ways to demonstrate drug tolerance:
1)Dose of drug curve
2) NO efect!
– state of decreased sensitivity to a drug that develops as a result of exposure to it. Needing more drugs to get same effects;
Demonstrated in two ways.
1) The dose curve
2) Show that a given drug has less effect now than it had before exposure
See text for graph
Contigent drug tolerance and conditioned drug tolerance
Contingent Drug Tolerance – demonstration that tolerance develops after a stimulant and not before a stimulant. Rats were given convulsions before and after administration of alcohol. Results showed that rats given the convulsion after the injection had almost immune to anticonvulsant effects whereas those that got the injection before were not immune at all.
Conditioned Drug Tolerance – tolerance occurs through a constant, consistent variable that conditions body for drug. An example: son gave his dad A LOT of painkillers because his father was had been in so much pain over the years and bed ridden. One day the father begged to go into the living room and was placed there. The son gave his father the usual dose of pain killers and his father died of OD.
Neurotransmitter and brain region play role in pleasure and reniforcement
3 evidence to support this
Neurotransmitter – Dopamine; mescoticolimbic pathway, particularly nucleus accumbens, also hippocamous, prefrontal cortex and amygdala
Animals will self-administer addictive drugs directly into areas of the mesolimbocortical dopamine system but not other brain areas.
Lesions of this system reduce rewarding effects of addictive drugs.
Will see a surplus in dopamine where they self inject
Drugs Flint spoke about
a. -9-THC (tetrahydrocannibol); Receptor Locations Substantia Nigra, Hippocampus, Cerebellum, Cerebral Cortex. The Endogenous Ligand is a Anandamide binds to CB1 receptors. Some of the consequences of Marijuana use are Cognitive Decline, Decline in Respiratory Function, Reduction in Immune Function, and Decrease in Testosterone in Males.
Is Biphasic which means it is a Stimulant/Depressant; Major cause of motor vehicle accidents; Major cause of birth defects; May lead to thiamine deficiency = Korsakoff’s Syndrome Receptors: GABAA Receptor-Coupled Chloride Channels (activates) Dopamine (stimulation at low doses) Increases Binding Cites for Glutamate Opiate Receptors. Some of the consequences of Alcohol use are cognitive impairments, verbal impairments, motor impairments, hypothermia, korsakoff’s Syndrome, Wernicke’s Encephalopathy, Cirrhosis of liver and Fetal Alcohol Syndrome.
i. Nicotine: Receptors = Nicotinic ACh Receptors; Peripheral Locations of Action: Neuromuscular Junctions and Autonomic Ganglia; Consequences of Smoking: Smoker’s Syndrome, Buerger’s Disease and Second Hand Smoke Accounts for more deaths than the so called “hard” drugs. Nicotine causes dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens; Reinforcing effects of nicotine appears to be caused by activation of nicotinic receptors in the ventral tegmental area; Insula may be involved in smoking cessation
ii. Cocaine: Potent Dopamine Agonist;
iii. Amphetamine; Potent Dopamine Agonist
The 5 models of Drug Abuse
a. Moral Model – People that do drugs are morally bad people
b. Disease Model – drug abuse is a life long disease
c. Physical Dependence Theories – Person feels they need the drug
d. Positive Reward Theories – being on the drug makes the person fell really good
e. Incentive-Sensitization Theory – stays on drug so that he/she does not have to deal with the withdrawal side effects


The Marlin 7 is your best friend on the trail and wherever else you roll thanks to its confidence-boosting trail geometry. It finds the perfect balance between price and performance with an upgraded RockShox suspension fork that makes quick work of rocks and bumps in your path and the huge gearing range of a SRAM 12-speed SX Eagle drivetrain.
It's right for you if...
You want a go-anywhere trail bike that's got upgrades where it matters most, but won't break the bank. You want to build skills on the trail, and need a bike with confidence-inspiring geometry and upgraded components that can keep up with your progress.
The tech you get
A lightweight aluminium frame with modern trail riding geometry and internal routing that keeps cables protected and the bike looking sleek. An upgraded RockShox suspension fork smooths out rowdy trails, 12-speed SRAM SX Eagle shifting and the serious stopping power of hydraulic disc brakes.
The final word
The Marlin 7 is the go-to trail bike for those wanting to build skills on the singletrack and get the right bang for their buck with upgraded suspension and confidence-inspiring geometry.
*Please note – spec applies to all sizes unless listed separately
Size: XS Alpha Silver Aluminium, curved top tube, internal derailleur and dropper post routing, rack and kickstand mount, 135x5 mm ThruSkew
Size: S , M , ML , L , XL , XXL Alpha Silver Aluminium, internal derailleur and dropper post routing, rack and kickstand mount, 135x5 mm ThruSkew
Size: XS , S RockShox Judy Silver, Solo Air spring, rebound adjust, TurnKey hydraulic lockout, 42 mm offset for 27.5" wheel, 100 mm QR, 100 mm travel
Size: M , ML , L , XL , XXL RockShox Judy Silver, Solo Air spring, rebound adjust, TurnKey hydraulic lockout, 46 mm offset for 29" wheel, 100 mm QR, 100 mm travel
Max compatible fork travel
120mm, XXS: 80mm
Formula DC-20 LW, alloy, 6-bolt, 5x100 mm QR
Formula DC-22LW, 6-bolt, Shimano 8/9/10 freehub, 135x5 mm QR
Bontrager Kovee, double-wall, Tubeless-Ready, 28-hole, 23 mm width, Presta valve


text: Nabeela graduated in 2022 from Timber Creek High School in Fort Worth, TX. Nabeela is President of HOSA-Future Health Professionals, President of the National Honor Society, and Vice President of Future Business Leaders of America. She is a Senior Representative of the Spanish Honor Society and an Ambassador of the Spanish Club. Nabeela volunteers at North Hills Hospital and helps run a summer reading program at Watauga Public Library. She will graduate from A&M in 2026 with a degree in Biomedical Engineering.

domain: library


I've got an X51 that a friend of mine gave to me. I originally had BIOS version A05, but while tinkering with the BIOS settings to try installing a non-Windows OS, I tried upgrading to the latest version, taking care to upgrade one step at a time and avoid the two versions with known issues; long story short, it was a bad idea. Basically, the PC tripped right out of the gate. The X51 was working just fine until after the BIOS update, but now when I turn it on, the buzzer beeps in three-beep cycles.
According to Alienware's beep codes, three beeps indicates a possible motherboard failure or chipset error. Nothing visual will load on-screen, so I can't use the BIOS to fix the BIOS. I also tried cycling the power and resetting the CMOS by removing the battery and toggling both the Clear CMOS and Password jumpers, all to no avail. I know the problem is an incompatible/corrupted BIOS. My question is, can it be fixed, or did I just brick the X51's motherboard?
I don't know if it's relevant, but the X51 I have doesn't have all of its original parts. I upgraded both the RAM and CPU to 16GB G.Skill Ripjaws X and an Intel Core i5-2500k up from the stock i3-2120.


Emerging Technologies for Higher Fuel Economy Automobile Standards
Transportation systems contribute significantly to air pollution and ∼15% globally and ∼25% in the United States to emissions climate-changing gases. In the United States, the Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards for motor vehicles were significantly raised in 2012 for the first time in almost three decades. The standards now call for an average across manufacturers of 54.5 miles per gallon (mpg) for new passenger cars by 2025, or 163 grams per mile (g/mi) of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and of 47 mpg (196 g/mi) by 2021. The light truck standards, which include minivans and sport utility vehicles, call for fuel economy levels of 31 mpg (287 g/mi) in 2021 and of 40 mpg (222 g/mi) in 2025. Given approximately equal expected splits between car and light truck sales, these estimates imply combined car and light truck fleet averages of ∼40 to 41 mpg (217 to 222 g/mi) in 2021 and 50 mpg (178 g/mi) in 2025. However, because automakers have strategies to reduce GHGs in parallel with fuel economy, th...
High-energy neutrino astrophysics has come of age with IceCube's discovery of neutrinos in the TeV to PeV energy range, attributable to extragalactic sources at cosmological distances. At such energies, astrophysical neutrinos must originate in cosmic-ray interactions, providing information ... mehr
Reactor neutrinos have been an important tool for both discovery and precision measurement in the history of neutrino studies. Since the first generation of reactor neutrino experiments in the 1950s, the detector technology has advanced greatly. New ideas, new knowledge, and modern software ... mehr
To our present knowledge, all of the physics at the LHC can be described in the framework of the Standard Model of particle physics. Indeed, the newly discovered Higgs boson with a mass close to 125 GeV seems to confirm the predictions of the theory. Thus, in addition to looking for direct ... mehr


I wanted an easy way to tell If I will have enough room when nesting jobs on scrap material so I added laser sights to my table. I’m still working on cleaning up the wires and finishing the install but these things are going to be sweet!
I saw your other post with a picture of these.
Where did you get the lasers? Are they a commercial sighting system?
I’m not sure why the photo posted on my other post as well. ???
Anyway, no it’s not a commercial system. The mount was made by @Lil_Abners_Kustoms and I bought both lasers w/ mounts on eBay for about $30.
I’ll post a link a little later this evening.
Thanks. I’ve ordered a couple for my unit.
I honestly would like to have that for my machine. A lot of times I’ll cut out a small part in a skeleton sheet and its always a bit tricky making sure that that the cutter wont go over the edges.
I’m going to modify the stock torch mount to attach these to. I’m going with the twin lasers but they have a version that is a dot and they have a cross-hair version as well. Based on my experience the dot is less reliable from an aiming perspective. I thought about the single laser cross-hair but the double laser seems like it will potentially be easier to adjust to get the intersection spot on and the lines can show the edges.
All of the large commercial tables with laser alignment that I could find online all used two line lasers vs a single cross hair or dot. I think easy alignment is the primary reason for this… I decided to just go with a system that mirrored the larger machines.
Yeah I liked that approach. The singles are a pain to keep tweaked because of the movement of the head on lasers - fast accelerations and corresponding decelerations tend to shake things off alignment. And I’m not gonna argue with the success someone else has already proven
Seems like the line lasers enable the cross hair to be aligned to the torch no matter what height the torch is set to.
I agree. I think a the center of a single cross hair (or dot) would move depending on torch height.
What output power did you get
The lowest - 10mw. Anything more is overkill. As it is I wish they were half as bright as they are.
O!! I like this! I’ve been thinking about this and I was thinking about projects where the material is bigger than the table so when you move the sheet you can square everything up again!!
Definetely would make indexing easier.
Put this setup on some sort of spring clamp or set screw clamp and just use it for alignment, then pop it off quick to run the machine. Would allow you can keep the weight off the carriage/gantry, less weight jerking around on everything when running higher feedrates and keep them away from the splashing doo-doo water.
Haha, Doo-doo water.
I thought about the added weight being an issue, but it’s minimal and so far doesn’t seem to matter. I also put clear bra (the clear rock chip stuff that goes on the front cars to protect paint) over the lenses to help protect them from the poo-water and sparks.
Not quite as sophisticated as OP’s, but they get the job done! Holder is 3D printed and attached to Steve Abner’s Machine Torch mounts. Battery operated from LiPo battery pack mounted on the carriage. There is a USB connector on the pack for recharging.
I’ll post the BOM and alignment process in a few days.
Very slick Tom! I like the easy toggle switch an all.


Armada House Conference & Events
Tel: 0117 9152600
Bristol Temple Meads train station is only a short distance away. Buses and taxis to the City Centre or Baldwin Street are frequently available although when the weather permits the walk takes approximately 15 minutes.
Walking from Temple Meads Station:
On leaving the station walk past the taxi rank to your left and past the Passenger Shed (Brunel's Old Station) and Café Gusto on your right. When you reach the road turn right onto Temple Gate and walk 70m to the pedestrian crossing. Cross by the roundabout via the pedestrian crossing. Make your way down Victoria Street (you should see the Novotel on your right). Walk the length of Victoria Street crossing Bristol Bridge. Turn to your left down Baldwin Street, walk past Queen Charlotte Street on your left. Take the next left, which is a cobbled pedestrian street, this is Telephone Avenue. Walk up Telephone Avenue and Armada House is the last building on the right before the corner. The walk is approximately 15 minutes.
There are many bus routes into Bristol. You can use any bus that stops in the City Centre or Baldwin Street. There are also Park & Ride facilities located at Long Ashton, Brislington and the Portway (Avonmouth)
M4 continue along the M4 to junction 19. Join the M32 and head towards Bristol. (This motorway reduces to an urban dual carriageway after approximately 2 - 3 miles and becomes the A4032). At the traffics lights (you need to be in the left lane or left centre lane) follow the signs for A4044 and Bristol Temple Meads Station; this will take you left onto Bond Street and under a foot bridge. You now need to move to the right hand lane as you travel under Temple Way underpass. Continue to a major roundabout. Take the fourth exit onto Victoria Street (B4053). Continue the length of Victoria Street and take the left hand lane over Bristol Bridge. At the traffic lights, turn left onto Baldwin Street. The first left turning off Baldwin Street is Queen Charlotte Street (Nearest public car park is situated here, see map). On foot from the car park, return to Baldwin Street, Telephone Avenue is next left off Baldwin Street. By car, turn left at the lights into Marsh Street and then first left into Telephone Avenue is where Armada House is situated. However, please see parking directions.
M48 join the M4 at junction 21 and continue to junction 19. Follow the directions as above.
M5 exit the M5 at the M4/M5 interchange. (M4/M5 J20/15) and join the M4 heading East. Exit the M4 at junction 19 and follow directions from the M4 as above.
M4 exit the M4 at junction 19 and follow the directions from the M4 as above.
A4 continue along the A4 towards Bristol and follow signs for Temple Meads Station and the City Centre. As you approach Bristol itself you will arrive at a major roundabout which is built over the River Avon. Take your third exit towards the station and continue through two sets of lights. (Temple Meads Station is on your right). On exiting the second set of lights merge into the right hand lane and turn right through another set of lights. Turn left onto Victoria Street keeping the Holiday Inn and Brann on your right. Continue along Victoria Street and across the mini roundabout, keeping in the left of the two lanes available. Once across Bristol Bridge, turn left onto Baldwin Street. The last turning on the left is Marsh Street and Telephone Avenue is first left. However, please see parking directions.
A37 continue along the A37 northbound following signs for Bristol City Centre. This northbound carriage will eventually meet the A4 in Brislington. Turn left and, again, follow signs for the city centre and then take up directions along the A4 as above.
M5 leave the motorway at junction 18 and head towards Bristol on the A4. Continue along this main road following signs for the City Centre until you reach the city's central roundabout. (Adjacent to the roundabout are The Bristol Hippodrome on the left and the Bristol & West building on the right). With the Hippodrome on the left continue ahead in the right hand lane taking the first right through the middle of the roundabout. Move into the left-hand lane and turn left into Baldwin Street, signed Bristol Bridge and Car Park. First right into Marsh Street and then first left into Telephone Avenue is where Armada House is situated. However, please see parking directions.
Please read more about local Parking Information here


text:
A PRINTWORKS in Harrow on the Hill could be demolished and replaced by a new complex with a museum, houses, offices and a coffee shop.
The redevelopment plan for 43 to 55 West Street was submitted to Harrow Council on Wednesday last week by applicant Graham Harwood, of Harwood Press Advertising, whose family has operated the plant for about 60 years.
Janet Cotterell, a partner at CTT Sustainable Building Practice, the architects of the project, told the Observer: “Mr Harwood’s aim is to retain the local historic link with the printing industry by creating a small museum and to further retain other business uses, which will be of value to the local community – these proposals reflect the history of West Street which was never solely a residential area.
“Some modest new development to the rear of West Street enables the re-building/restoration needed on West Street itself.”
The two-storey terraced buildings at 43 to 49 West Street, which is occupied by Harwood Press Advertising, would be pulled down and the façade rebuilt with any much salvaged material as possible to house a replacement printworks on the lower ground floor, a cafe and part of the print museum on the upper ground-floor and two small office suites on the first-floor.
Neighbouring 51 West Street would be refurbished and converted into the bulk of the print museum over two levels while 53 and 55 West Street, three derelict former business units with ground floor shopfronts, would be revamped and rebuilt into two three-bedroom family homes, and three further detached houses constructed around the rear courtyard accessed from High Street.
Ransford Stewart of planning consultancy Stewart MPS said an application made in 2010 was withdrawn over concerns raised by amenity groups and by Harrow Council, and Mr Harwood and his agents have since been working to try to address those issues.
Mr Stewart said: “The revised scheme is not as big as it was previously. Whereas the previous scheme featured flatted development, there was concern from residents about having flats in this part of the Hill.
“Now there are five houses proposed with gardens, arranged around a courtyard.”
Harrow Council locally lists 43 to 49 West Street and 51 – all cottages built before 1860 – for their architectural merit, and the site lies within Harrow on the Hill Conservation Area.

domain: news


American Repertory Ballet's Annual Gala Performance and Reception
Audree and Bud Estey founded the Princeton Ballet Society in 1954 with a mission to: “bring the joy, beauty, artistry and discipline of classical and contemporary dance to New Jersey and nationwide audiences and to dance students through artistic and educational programs, presented by a financially responsible organization.”
This mission is fulfilled through: American Repertory Ballet is New Jersey’s preeminent classical and contemporary ballet company; Princeton Ballet School, one of the largest non-profit dance schools in the nation; and ARB’s Access & Enrichment Initiatives, including DANCE POWER, a collaboration with the New Brunswick Public School District. We hope you will join us at this spirited event to help support all of these programs. We look forward to seeing you there.
Online registration has now closed.
Tickets for the Performance have been sold out. We still have tickets remaining for the Gala at the Heldrich.
For tickets and information about the event, please contact Kristine Farmer, Development Coordinator,
732-249-1254, ext. 11 or email@example.com.
Please note, performance only tickets are not available.


ApplicationNo. 05/787239 filed on 04/13/1977
US Classes:425/275, Dipping form per se2/168, Rubber425/470SHAPING OR CASTING SURFACE (E.G., PLASTERING OR GUNITE TYPE, ETC.)
ExaminersPrimary: Spicer, Robert L. Jr.
International ClassesA41D 19/00 (20060101)
B29C 41/14 (20060101)
B29D 31/00 (20060101)
AbstractA uniquely contoured glove adapted to tightly conform to a wearer's hand is made by depositing an elastomeric material on a relatively flat glove form having recessed areas covering substantially the entire surface of the hand-forming and finger-forming portions of the form except for a peripheral edge surrounding the recessed areas. The resulting glove, when stripped from the form and reversed, has a hand portion, an open end cuff portion and a plurality of elongated finger-receiving compartments, each of said compartments and said hand portion having a transverse cross-sectional configuration formed by four outwardly curved sections connected by four inwardly curved sections.


text:
Fri., May 16, 2014 6:00am
As the nation marks the 60th anniversary Brown vs. Board of Education Saturday, one woman is on a mission to save a relic of that era.
Thu., May 15, 2014 7:44am
60 years after the Supreme Court ordered schools to desegregate, it's worth remembering that the decision changed school for more than just...
Wed., August 28, 2013 12:00pm
Many Georgians now in positions of power attended the 1963 March on Washington 50 years ago today. Their memories are as diverse as they are. In...
Mon., August 26, 2013 12:53pm
At the nation marks 50 years since the March on Washington, it's worth taking time to note the foot soldiers who fought for change locally. In...
Fri., August 23, 2013 3:15pm
Savannah is marking historic anniversaries in the Civil Rights movement. This weekend will feature a symposium at Savannah High School and a mass...
Wed., February 29, 2012 9:00am
The U.S. Department of Justice said it has entered a settlement agreement with a south Georgia school district to ensure desegregation of the...
Thu., December 9, 2010 2:38pm
Award-winning journalist Charlayne Hunter-Gault, one of the first blacks to register at the University of Georgia after the school was desegregated,...

domain: history


text:
Accomplishments and Milestones
Throughout my education and career, I’ve worked on several research projects and have been fortunate to be involved with work published in a variety of different journals and media outlets. Check out my complete resume below, and contact me with your questions or if you’d like more detailed information.
SCIENTIFIC MENTOR AND ADVISOR
Providing hands-on mentorship to emerging entrepreneurs in the biotech industry by
- identifying short, medium, and long-term goals,
- developing a business model based on SWOT, PESTEL, and PORTER analysis,
- identifying risks,
- building robust scientific strategies, and
- providing pivot solutions.
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
NATIONAL POSTDOCTORAL ASSOCIATION (NPA)
Fostering and promoting an inclusive environment for all members of postdoctoral community, particularly those marginalized by
- overseeing the Finance Governance and Meeting Liaison committees
- chairing leadership and soft-skills workshop
- fundraising and external engagements from academic and industrial institutions.
TRANSLATIONAL SCIENTIST, CELL THERAPIES AND BEYOND
• Bringing novel CAR T/NK-based immunotherapies and other novel therapies into the clinic (translation from bench to bedside) for all solid tumors.
- Identifying and implementing novel clinical biomarkers to assess prognosis and designing ongoing/future clinical trials.
• Building strategy and roadmap for cell therapy candidates from portfolio entry to IND filing.
• Evaluating and onboarding CROs (Contract Research Organizations) for troubleshooting critical technologies.
• Aligning objectives, timelines, feasibility, and strategies of assays for cell product characterization.
January 2015 - April 2021
Developing novel translational therapeutics for pediatric brain cancer patients for a potential clinical trial.
Reprogramming the tumor microenvironment in adult glioblastoma to improve therapeutic outcome by combining immunotherapy with novel targeted therapy.


Artificial intelligence and high-performance computing are no longer buzzwords; they're actively reshaping the world as we know it. Self-driving cars are learning from millions of simulated miles, medical researchers are finding cures at unprecedented speeds, and engineers are designing next-generation products in hyper-realistic virtual environments. These are just glimpses of the transformative potential unleashed by AI and HPC.
However, this wave of innovation comes with a voracious appetite for resources. Training complex deep learning models can take days or even weeks. HPC simulations require massive compute power to deliver meaningful results. The relentless search for ever-increasing performance and complexity places immense demands on traditional infrastructure.
This is where NVIDIA's GPU cloud solutions usher in a new paradigm for AI and HPC. It's about transcending the limitations of on-premises systems and unlocking the true potential of GPU-powered acceleration, scalability, and the flexibility of the cloud. Imagine drastically reduced training times, simulations that run at lightning speed, and the ability to experiment at a scale previously unimaginable. NVIDIA's GPU cloud solutions put this power at your fingertips.
Let's be honest: while CPUs have been our workhorses for decades, they weren't designed for the massively parallel workloads that define modern AI and HPC. Sure, you can throw more cores at the problem, but you'll quickly hit diminishing returns. Deep learning models thrive on processing vast quantities of data simultaneously, an area where CPUs fall short. HPC simulations often require highly specialized calculations that are better suited to the architecture of GPUs.
Need more compute power? With traditional infrastructure, be prepared for a complex dance of hardware procurement, installation, and configuration. This process is time-consuming and disrupts workflows. Even if you manage to scale up, you might find yourself underutilizing these resources during less demanding periods, leading to wasted investment.
Building and maintaining an on-premises infrastructure capable of supporting cutting-edge AI and HPC is a capital-intensive endeavor. There's the upfront hardware investment, but don't forget about power, cooling, space, and the ever-present need for expert IT staff. These costs compound over time.
When you're bogged down by insufficient compute power or lengthy procurement cycles, the pace of innovation slows to a crawl. Those rapid iterations on your deep learning model? Forget it. Want to run multiple HPC simulations with different parameters to refine your results? Get comfortable with waiting. This inertia has a tangible impact on your time-to-insight and your ability to stay ahead of the curve.
NVIDIA's GPU cloud solutions offer more than just raw horsepower; they fundamentally change how you approach AI and HPC. Let's explore the core advantages that set them apart.
Need to train a massive language model or run a particularly demanding simulation? With GPU cloud solutions, you can provision the precise resources you need, when you need them. Scale up effortlessly to handle peak demand, and scale back down to avoid unnecessary expenses when resources are idle. This elasticity is a game-changer, empowering you to match infrastructure to your dynamic workloads.
GPUs are purpose-built for the parallel processing that AI and HPC thrive on. By offloading computation to NVIDIA's cloud-based GPUs, you'll see dramatic accelerations in AI model training times and HPC simulation speeds. This translates to faster iteration on your experiments, quicker time-to-insight, and, ultimately, the ability to outpace the competition.
The cloud's pay-as-you-go models eliminate massive upfront hardware costs and many of the ongoing expenses associated with on-premises infrastructure. You only pay for the compute you actually use, improving operational efficiency and financial predictability. This cost-effectiveness opens possibilities for greater experimentation and innovation, without the usual budgetary constraints.
NVIDIA understands that your time is precious. Their optimized software stack, including containerized frameworks and libraries, streamlines the process of deploying and managing your AI and HPC workloads in the cloud. This means less time wrestling with infrastructure and more time focusing on your core research and development.
Theory is great, but seeing NVIDIA's GPU cloud solutions in action is where it truly gets exciting. Here's a snapshot of organizations reaping the rewards.
These examples illustrate how organizations of different sizes and industries gain transformative advantages with NVIDIA's GPU cloud solutions. Whether it's accelerating research, fueling innovation, or controlling costs, the results speak for themselves.
Before diving headfirst into the cloud, a thoughtful assessment of your AI and HPC workloads is crucial. Consider these questions:
Think of the H100 SXM as the top-of-the-line sports car of GPUs. It's designed for those who demand the absolute best. Key strengths include:
The A6000 is your high-performance hybrid. It expertly blends professional graphics capabilities with powerful AI and HPC performance. Consider it when:
The A100 is the workhorse of the family, providing exceptional performance and versatility for a broad range of AI and HPC workloads. Here's why it's widely popular:
The best GPU for you lies at the intersection of your workload characteristics, performance targets, and budgetary considerations.
Sesterce can help you perform a more in-depth analysis and recommend a solution that aligns perfectly with your requirements.
Think of containers as self-contained boxes holding your code, dependencies, and everything needed to run your application consistently. Here's why containers matter in the GPU cloud world:
AI and HPC often work with massive datasets. Efficiently getting this data to and from your cloud-based GPUs is critical. Here's what to keep in mind:
The cloud's pay-as-you-go models offer incredible flexibility, but it's essential to keep an eye on costs. Utilize these strategies:
Important Note: This is a starting point. By partnering with us, we can help tailor the perfect solution based on your unique needs.
Getting a GPU instance in the cloud is just the start. Fine-tuning is where you squeeze every drop of performance out of your investment. Consider:
While the cloud offers flexibility, costs can escalate without vigilance. Here's how to stay in control:
Throughout this blog post, we've explored the ways NVIDIA's GPU cloud solutions address the fundamental challenges faced by AI and HPC practitioners. Let's recap the highlights:
The transformative potential is undeniable. Whether you seek to unravel the mysteries of complex diseases, engineer the products, services, and solutions of tomorrow, or simply desire the freedom to explore computationally-intensive ideas without constraints–NVIDIA's GPU cloud can be your catalyst.
We've emphasized why cloud solutions present a compelling choice. Now is the time to take the next step and discover how they can reshape your work.
Are you ready to experience the transformative power of NVIDIA's GPU cloud solutions? Don't hesitate to book a call with one of our knowledgeable team members at https://calendly.com/sesterce-sales/. We're excited to discuss your specific goals and tailor the perfect solution to propel your organization forward.
GPU Optimization Guide: From Benchmarks to Cloud Instances. Elevate your AI and HPC projects.


One of the best things about spending time mooching about places is the little surprises that one stumbles upon and in the case of Poole, there was an unexpected gem down by the quayside.
We visited Poole just to have a couple of hours wandering around and by happenstance, the route the sat-nav was suggesting to take us to the local multi-storey car park was closed to motor traffic. Rather than taking to social media to claim the world was about to end, we found an alternative parking place nearby and stretched our legs.
Above is the view east along The Quay at the junction with Thames Street with a modal filter a bit further up. You can see a loading bay on the right hand side of the street helping to serve the businesses beyond, although not everyone was playing by the rules.
Above is a closer view of the filter which uses the now familiar planters and and bollard arrangement together with the "road open to people" sign. So far, so wonderful.
The filtering of The Quay has immediately created space for restaurants to add outside seating space with a wide area for walking and cycling (above) which yet again shows that in the right place, the two modes can easily coexist when you take motor traffic out of the equation.
Just north of The Quay is the High Street which is also filtered at Castle Street where I noticed a bit more about the scheme. The filter operates 24/7, but the street is accessible for loading (above) between 10pm and 10am. Personally I'd like to see loading end a little earlier in the morning, but it does mean that the street is available for the peak times that people are shopping and visiting the restaurants and cafes. What is particularly good is the positive sign telling drivers the way they should be going in addition to the restriction.
As you can see in the photograph above, the full width of the street is available for other uses, again with more space for eating and plenty of space for walking (and access by cycle if needed). One thing you'll see is the footway widths are inconsistent and often narrow, so having the carriageway available is far more accessible for all (below).
To complement the scheme, the area is a Restricted Parking Zone (RPZ) which means that only traffic signs are used to provide parking and loading restriction information. Some of the signs are attached to buildings which is an excellent way to reduce the clutter of sign posts and shows thought by the designer. The yellow part of the sign is the replacement for the double yellow lines and the white part is the loading ban.
This approach is a really good example of how we can balance the needs of people wanting to shop and eat in a narrow street with the needs of businesses actually having to service the same premises. When we prioritise a place for people rather than through traffic, we all of a sudden do have space for people and servicing.
Sadly, this scheme is slightly too good to be true. With thanks to Engineer Like a Girl, it turns out that it was originally installed in the summer of 2020 as an Emergency Active Travel Fund (EATF) scheme which was made permanent in May this year, but with the decision taken for it to be seasonal between 1st April to 31st October. Below is the permanent scheme arrangements reproduced from the council's website.
As you might expect, there were plenty of comments in response to the scheme, but I assume that majority of businesses asking for the scheme to be seasonal swayed the decision (you guessed it - car parking, despite the 500+ space multi-storey car park next door). Still, the summer season scheme is clearly a positive change and I hope the businesses change their views over time. It's still a great little scheme which we should be doing far more of in the UK.


text:
Interest Just Loan Calculator. Determine An Interest-Only Monthly Loan Payment
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domain: economics


text:
How Republicans Justify Cutting Food Stamps While Boosting Farm Subsidies
(Colby Ware/special to The Baltimore Sun / July 29, 2012) Also By Hugo Martin September 22, 2013, 10:00 a.m. The food truck craze that has swept the nation will soon roll up to Los Angeles International Airport . No, airport security wont allow food trucks to pull to the curb of the terminal. Instead, an airport concession operator plans to install the shell of a food truck inside of Terminal 4. The fake truck will be outfitted inside with grills, pots, pans and other equipment to serve food. Starting Nov. 1, the food truck will be operated by food truck chefs based in Los Angeles, who will rotate in once a year or so. This is our way to help bring people with local talent to offer their food at the airport, said Rich Bennett, senior director of operations for HMSHost, a concession operator at Los Angeles International Airport. Meanwhile, Long Beach Airport is one of a handful of airports across the country that has allowed food trucks to park at its cellphone parking lots to dish out chow to drivers waiting to pick up friends and family members. The food truck program, called Truckn Tuesdays, was originally a summer event held the third Tuesday of each month. But it has become so popular that the airport plans to continue it indefinitely. Passengers, employees and those waiting in the area are enjoying it, said airport spokeswoman Kerry Gerot. ALSO:
States move ahead with food stamp cuts
Top 10 states 9,19 Source: June 2013 data, USDA Republicans blame the program’s ever-increasing rolls and cost on lax enrollment criteria rather than real need. Since before the recession, the price tag for food stamps has more than doubled, topping $82.5 billion in fiscal year 2013. Enrollment hit record highs, with 15 percent of Americans now collecting benefits. Many states have more than 20 percent of their population enrolled. Costs have continued to spike as well, as Washington pays for the benefits and states administer them. A new Congressional Research Service report released this month showed fiscal year 2012 was the 12th year in a row a new historical high was reached for federal food and nutrition programs, the vast majority of which is food stamps. Since fiscal year 2000, the report said, spending on federal food assistance has more than tripled. Put in a different context, the U.S. Census Bureau said food stamps lifted 4 million Americans out of poverty last year if the benefits were counted as income. What states are doing Kansas is the latest to embrace the cuts, ending a federal waiver on Oct. 1 that allows unemployed, non-elderly and able-bodied adults without children to remain on food stamps despite failing to meet certain work requirements. The change is expected to affect 20,000 Kansans.
They cared a lot about fairness, they protested — and they thought it was very unfair for people to be able to live without working. Haidt realized he was dealing with two very different conceptions of fairness: one of which had to do with equality, and the other of which had to do with reciprocity. Fair is a complicated word that appears unique to English (for more on its dizzying strangeness, I suggest you read economist Bart Wilsons piece , edited by me, from several years back). Different groups have invested it with very different meanings, which can make it hard to see how your political opponents can possibly believe what they do. So heres one reason Republicans might support farm subsidies, but not food stamps: the sense that you have to do something to get them. Ethanol subsidies are wildly distortive — bad for the environment, bad for the poor and bad for the U.S. budget. But the people collecting them do actually have to grow some corn, or make some ethanol, which is then used by other people. Theyre not being given money just for breathing. If you care a lot about reciprocity — and Haidts evidence shows that conservatives do — then this matters a lot. Lots of the rule changes that have driven the expansion of food stamps seem aimed at enabling people to collect them without working; the work requirements have been relaxed, and eligibility has been expanded to able-bodied adults without children. Its not crazy to view this with alarm. Im broadly in sympathy with the idea that benefits should be tightly linked to employment, unless youre so disabled that you really cant work.
Vendors, which include local food-service outlets, as well as national brands such as Chipotle and Amy’s Organic, must meet Farm Aid’s criteria for sourcing the ingredients in their food, from organic flour in the panini to free-ranging, antibiotic-free hogs on the barbecue grill. Even the cotton candy has a family farm origin, made from maple syrup produced in the Catskills. “Farm Aid’s mission is about family farmers, and economic opportunity for family farmers is a really big priority of ours,” said Glenda Yoder, associate director of Farm Aid. “We also support good farming practices and rewarding farmers for those practices. So our Homegrown criteria call for food that is sourced from family farms that meet an ecological standard, and that returns a fair price to the farmer.” Willie Nelson, Neil Young, Dave Matthews and John Mellencamp lead the star-studded lineup this year, along with Jack Johnson, Carlene Carter, Toad the Wet Sprocket and about 10 other artists. The annual concert is the chief moneymaker for the Farm Aid organization Nelson co-founded in 1985 and leads as president. The beneficiaries of the organization’s year-round efforts are always featured prominently at the shows, with a Homegrown Village providing concert-goers a chance to meet local farmers, learn agrarian skills, and eat food from vendors who meet strict criteria set by Farm Aid. “We talk about saving the family farmer, but the fact is, it’s the family farmer who will save us all,” Nelson said at a media event before the gates opened at noon Saturday. Matthews gave a shout-out to activists wearing anti-fracking T-shirts at the media event, which was also open to many farmers, vendors and volunteers. “Don’t frack our farmlands,” Matthew said, to loud applause. Several anti-fracking groups from New York and Pennsylvania had a booth at the event, calling for New York Gov. Andrew Cuomo to continue the state’s moratorium on shale gas development that began in 2008. During a performance Saturday night, Pete Seeger modified a line of “This Land is Your Land,” declaring “New York was meant to be frack-free.” This year the village was set up on the expansive lawns of the state park surrounding the Saratoga Performing Arts Center. The action there got going before the 10-hour concert. The village offered plenty of activities to help people get in touch with their inner farmer.
3D printing in the kitchen gives new meaning to fast food
Holman said his efforts are “at the dot-matrix stage,” as printing was in the early 1980s. “I can print out smoothies and Cliff Bars.” Many forms of confections could be produced through 3D printing. Eliminate waste Another important reason to turn to 3D printed foods is to address the wildly inefficient way that developed countries, especially the U.S., handle the food they produce. For example, Americans must drive to a store, buy their groceries, store it in cupboards, refrigerators and freezers, and yet, most consumers end up throwing out about 40 percent of the food they buy. “Every grocery store throws out 2000 pounds of expired food a week,” he said. “We’re good at figuring out how to make enough food and make it efficiently. Where we’re not efficient is in the last mile between the store and your mouth. “So now, I’m imagining, what if I had a machine with three buttons on it: ‘What I ate yesterday’; ‘what Beyonce likes’; and ‘I’m feeling lucky’,” Holman said. By pressing a button, the 3D printer, using a precise printer head, would put down just a pixel of food at a time, hydrating it with a needle, cooking it with a laser and repeating the process for every pixel until an entire meal is on the plate. 3D-printed food could also offer a method of tracking with pinpoint precision the effects any given food has on an individual. Because the amount of each food is measured precisely, the printer could record nutrient data, and a person’s health in reaction to food could be studied over a lifetime. Printed food could even include your daily dose of medicine. “This meal is customized for you.

domain: sociology


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Keith Urban opened Australia’s Aria Awards over the weekend with a performance of his hit “Kiss A Girl.” Next up he launches his “Escape Together World Tour” in Melbourne, Australia on Dec. 11. The entire production set-up used on the U.S. leg of the tour—two stages, lighting, video screens, etc.—will make its way across the Pacific Ocean to Australia in time to be assembled for the tour’s debut.
Immediately following his appearance on The American Music Awards, and his win there for Best Male Country Artist, Urban flew to Sydney, Australia for the Aria Awards, which are the Australian equivalent to the Grammys.
- Dierks Bentley’s Whiskey Row Breaks Ground In Denver - February 24, 2021
- ACM Nominations To Be Revealed On ‘CBS This Morning’ - February 24, 2021
- Saturday’s Grand Ole Opry To Benefit Feeding America - February 24, 2021

domain: geography


text:
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Category: Vegan-friendly, Lacto, Ovo, American, Beer/Wine, Non-veg


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Bring in any medical history you have of your pet when you come to our vet clinic. It is beneficial to keep a journal of your pet's health throughout his or her life, including behavioral shifts. If you have something like this, please share it with our team. If not, let us know everything that you think will be important. Our doctors will work with whatever information you have.
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domain: pet


text:
Rape plaint: LIP chief records his statement before police
Lok Insaaf Party (LIP) chief and Atam Nagar MLA Simarjit Singh Bains appeared before the police on Monday and recorded his statement in the rape complaint lodged against him by a widow.
The complainant also recorded her statement on Monday.
Bains, who had been summoned by the police, appeared before additional deputy commissioner of police (ADCP, headquarters) Ashwini Gotyal. The MLA refuted the allegations levelled by the woman and claimed these were politically motivated.
He said that he was speaking up for the people of Punjab, due to which the government was trying to suppress his voice.
The MLA added that earlier, the Shiromani Akali Dal government had implicated him in forge cases and now the Congress government is following the same path.
The ADCP said that Bains and the woman were asked to record their statement. She will file her report to the police chief after completing the investigation.
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- Kumbh Mela office in charge said the festival is being organised on the lines of the Odisha Sand Art Festival.
- A directive by the Bihar police said it was imperative that appropriate action should be taken against persons putting social media posts having offensive or abusive tenor.


8x5 Box Trailer - CRANBOURNE
About this trailer
This 8x5 Box Trailer comes with a single axle and solid frame. With 500kg Loading capacity, this trailer is great for garden projects and moving bulky items. Self-service location: Pick up this Trailer in Cranbourne We will send you Easy Self-service instructions after booking This 8x5 Plain Trailer comes with: 7 pin flat connection LED Lights 240cm by 150cm Loading space 500kg loading capacity Also included: 7 pin round adapter Spare wheel Wheel lock All our trailers are registered, roadworthy, and regularly serviced.
Manufactured in 2018.
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- 500kg payload (carry capacity)
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- 7-pin round connector (big)
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text:
Terminal prostate cancer patients could get almost two more years of life with experimental immunotherapy drug, a study shows.
Men who had exhausted all other treatment options for end-stage prostate cancer trialled pembrolizumab.
Researchers described 1.6 per cent of the men as ‘super responders’ because their disease disappeared on scans after taking the experimental therapy.
They were surviving even after the clinical trial ended 22 months later, despite having a poor prognosis before treatment.
Overall, a quarter of participants showed evidence of the drug working, which could mean gaining extra time for those with little hope remaning.
Terminal prostate cancer patients could get almost two more years of life with experimental immunotherapy drug pembrolizumab (Keytruda)
According to the study published in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, the most dramatic responses were seen in patients whose tumours had mutations in genes involved in repairing DNA.
Researchers are now looking at whether this group might especially benefit from immunotherapy.
Pembrolizumab, marketed as Keytruda, is already used on the NHS for skin cancer, bladder cancer and lung cancer.
Immunotherapy works by helping the immune system recognise and attack cancer cells, the body’s natural way of fighting disease.
The typical treatment given to men with prostate cancer is hormone therapy, which reduces levels of the male hormones, called androgens, that lead to tumor growth.
Chemotherapy may also be given or radiotherapy for advanced or metastatic prostate cancer.
Johann de Bono, Regius Professor of cancer research at The Institute of Cancer Research, London, said: ‘We don’t see much activity from the immune system in prostate tumours, so many oncologists thought immunotherapy wouldn’t work for this cancer type.
‘But our study shows that a small proportion of men with end-stage cancer do respond, and crucially that some of these men do very well indeed.’
WHAT IS PROSTATE CANCER AND WHAT ARE THE SIGNS?
How many people does it kill?
Prostate cancer became a bigger killer than breast cancer for the first time, official statistics revealed last year.
More than 11,800 men a year – or one every 45 minutes – are now killed by the disease in Britain, compared with about 11,400 women dying of breast cancer.
It means prostate cancer is behind only lung and bowel in terms of how many people it kills in Britain. In the US, the disease kills 26,000 each year.
Despite this, it receives less than half the research funding of breast cancer – while treatments for the disease are trailing at least a decade behind.
- needing to urainte more frequently, often during the night
- needing to rush to the toilet
- difficulty in starting to urainate
- straining or taking a long time while urinating
- weak flow
- feeling that your bladder has not emptied fully
- blood in urine or blood in semen
‘Our study has shown that a small proportion of men with very advanced prostate cancer are super responders to immunotherapy and could live for at least two years and possibly considerably longer.’
Advanced prostate cancer is when cancer that originated in the prostate spreads to another part of the body, such as the bones or lungs.
In its early stages, prostate cancer is highly treatable, with five-year survival rates close to 100 per cent, according to The Cancer Research Institute.
Once prostate cancer has spread, however, the five-year survival rate falls to less than 30 per cent.
Scientists say there is a significant need for more effective treatment of advanced stage disease.
The study, led by The Institute of Cancer Research, London, and The Royal Marsden Foundation Trust, was a phase two clinical trial.
A total of 258 men with advanced prostate cancer were involved. They had previously been treated and became resistant to androgen deprivation therapy and docetaxel chemotherapy.
All patients received a 200mg dose of pembrolizumab every three weeks for up to 35 cycles.
One in twenty (five per cent) treated with the immunotherapy saw their tumours shrink or disappear, while 19 per cent showed some evidence of tumour response.
Among a group of 166 patients with particularly advanced disease and high levels of the protein prostate-specific antigen (PSA), the average length of survival was 8.1 months with pembrolizumab.
Nine of these patients saw their disease disappear or partly disappear on scans.
Of these, four were ‘super-responders’ who remained on treatment at the end of the study follow-up, with responses lasting for at least 22 months, scientists say.
A second group of patients whose PSA levels were lower, but whose disease had spread to the bone, lived for an average of 14.1 months.
PSA is a protien which leaks from the prostate. High levels signal a man may have prostate cancer and can be seen in blood tests.
Professor Paul Workman, chief executive of The Institute of Cancer Research, London, said: ‘Immunotherapy has had tremendous benefits for some cancer patients and it’s fantastic news that even in prostate cancer, where we don’t see much immune activity, a proportion of men are responding well to treatment.
‘A limitation with immunotherapy is that there’s no good test to pick out those who are most likely to respond.
‘It’s encouraging to see testing for DNA repair mutations may identify some patients who are more likely to respond, and I’m keen to see how the new, larger trial in this group of patients plays out.’
Pembrolizumab was well tolerated, with 60 per cent of patients reporting any side effects. Only 15 per cent of patients experienced severe side-effects.
The study was funded by the drug’s manufacturer Merck, Sharpe & Dohme.
HOW DOES IMMUNOTHERAPY WORK?
Immunotherapy uses our immune system to fight cancer. It works by helping the immune system recognise and attack cancer cells.
Our immune system works to protect the body against infection, illness and disease. It can also protect us from the development of cancer.
The immune system includes the lymph glands, spleen and white blood cells. Normally, it can spot and destroy faulty cells in the body, stopping cancer developing. But a cancer might develop when:
- The immune system recognises cancer cells but it is not strong enough to kill the cancer cells
- The cancer cells produce signals that stop the immune system from attacking it
- The cancer cells hide or escape from the immune system
Immunotherapy is not yet as widely used as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. Chemotherapy uses medication to kill cancer cells and radiotherapy means the use of radiation, usually X-rays, to treat illness.
Immunotherapy uses the natural power of your immune system to fight illnesses, and has been approved to treat people with many types of cancer.
There are different types of immunotherapy, some of which are also called targeted therapies or biological therapies.
Monoclonal antibodies (MABs)
Monoclonal antibodies are laboratory-produced molecules engineered to serve as substitute antibodies that can restore, enhance or mimic the immune system’s attack on cancer cells.
They are designed to bind to antigens that are generally more numerous on the surface of cancer cells than healthy cells. This process is called antibody dependent cell mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC).
Vaccines to treat cancer
Normally, vaccines help to protect us from disease, and researchers are looking at whether vaccines can be used as a treatment to help the immune system to recognise and attack cancer cells.
When you have the vaccine, it stimulates the immune system into action. The immune system makes antibodies that can recognise and attack the harmless versions of the disease.
Once the body has made these antibodies it can recognise the disease if you come into contact with it again. So you’re protected from it.
Cytokines are a group of proteins in the body that play an important part in boosting the immune system.
Interferon and interleukin are types of cytokines found in the body. Scientists have developed man made versions of these to treat some types of cancer.
Adoptive cell transfer
Adoptive cell transfer changes the genes in a person’s white blood cells (T cells) to help them recognise and kill cancer cells. Changing the T cell in this way is called genetically engineering the T cell.
This treatment is only available as part of a clinical trial in the UK. An example of a type of adoptive cell transfer is CAR T-cell therapy.
Source: Cancer Research UK


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RESULTS FOR 2008
Source of wealth: Mining
Davis, 50, started his career in South Africa as an accountant, before helping to build Gencor into BHP Billiton. He then persuaded Glencore, the Swiss metals group, into leveraging its coal assets into Xstrata, the world's fourth largest natural resources group. Based in London, Davis spends much of the week travelling for Xstrata which, five years after its London float, is worth £33 billion. His stake and other assets are easily worth £75m.


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