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I was reading Patrick Holford's blog this morning. He founded the Institute for Optimal Nutrition back in the 80's. He came to Ottawa to lecture at St. Paul's University and has written quite a few books too. This is what he was saying this morning that we should be doing to prevent not only obesity but cancer which go hand in hand.
The failure to win the cancer war is largely to do with the increase in breast and prostate cancer. These cancers are not primarily caused by inheritance or genes - a maximum of 15% of the risk for breast cancer is caused by genes/inherited. For women, smoking accounts for 30% of cancer risk, while obesity accounts for about 20%. Instead of following the current trend of removing the affected body part 'just in case', why not remove the diet part such as sugar and dairy products instead, especially in the case of prostate cancer and possibly breast cancer too?
One doctor who's convinced that insulin is driving obesity is Dr Peter Attia, whose TED talk is worth listening to.
My Burn Fat Fast diet combines several strategies for driving down insulin to 'turn on your skinny genes' which is the title of a short 4 minute film that I recommend you watch and share with your friends.
This short film outlines 6 basic tenements:
1- Low Glycemic diet
2- Eating less on alternative days
3- Strength training 8 minutes 3 days a week
4- Cardiovascular workouts 30 minutes 3 days a week
5- Chromium and Resversatrol supplements
6- Eating less meat and dairy products (I think we should stay away from most dairy products)
He has some great recipes at his website too.
I have continued to eat no sugar, dairy or wheat. I am eating a low carbohydrate diet and that excludes honey and maple syrup. I did find Swerve that is a good substitute sweetener from all accounts looks like something that can help with baking.
Swerve is a great-tasting all natural, zero-calorie sweetener and the only one that tastes, measures, cooks and bakes like sugar. Unlike other sugar alternatives, Swerve has no bitter aftertaste and a high digestive tolerance (no laxative effect). From sweetening your favorite beverage, to baking, and garnishing, Swerve is perfect for all your sweetening needs. Swerve is an ideal choice for baking (one cup of Swerve equals one cup of sugar) and as a general sweetener for those concerned with calories or blood sugar levels. It's perfect for a healthy diabetic lifestyle. Swerve has zero glycemic index, so it's perfect for diabetics.
Swerve is manufactured using a fermentation process and the outcome is a sweet product that occurs naturally in many fruits and vegetables. Swerve is an all natural sweetener that is based on a proprietary erythritol formulation and other naturally occurring ogliosaccharides from plant fibers. This is a completely natural process; nothing is chemically altered and Swerve is 100% non-allergenic.
I bought a cookbook from Chapters that uses alternative sweeteners in baking. http://www.chapters.indigo.ca/home/books/the-joy-of-gluten-free/9781607741169-item.html?ikwid=the+joy+of+gluten+free%2c+sugar+free+baking&ikwsec=Home&gcs_requestid=0CNCb06HPhrcCFUaq5wodWQYAAA
I actually use less then what the book says as we find it too sweet.
I will post one of the recipes tomorrow.


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This insert set is intended for use with the Fluidic Connect Pro frame (FC_PRO_CH) and 15mm wide chips.
The insert can be positioned in different locations on the frame, supporting chips with a length between 20-90mm.
Distance between the screw positions is 5mm. The inlets are positioned according to the default Micronit 10 holes layout, but in addition there's an extra center hole on each side.
Chips should have a thickness of 1.8mm, alternative thicknesses might be possible but are not tested.
Most catalog chips are supplied in a black cartridge, which should be removed for use with this insert set.
For 15mm wide chips.
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domain: hobby


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Big Manitou Shoulder Bag
A bag for action, the Big Manitou has big quick access front pockets, a big quick access main compartment and lots of organization. A leather shoulder strap and leather flap accent give this shoulder bag enough class for the boardroom, while the Frost River reliable construction makes it ready for whatever adventure you throw at it.Specifications
The largest of the shoulder bags and least handle clad of the briefcases, the Big Manitou is distinctive. It is strictly a shoulder bag, having no traditional handle. The twin exterior pockets have a strap and post setup to offer security of contents. An inside organization panel offers pockets for pens and pencils, business cards and documents. A large zippered compartment offers a spot to keep the most important papers safe. The shoulder strap is leather with a wide pad. Full waxed canvas construction, great leather, and solid brass hardware; it all combines to make a great all-around shoulder bag. For a smaller version check out the Medium and Little Manitou Bags.
11″h x 17″w x 5″d.
Large flap over main compartment.
2 gusseted with leather strap and post closure, 2 zip (1 back, 1 front).
1 slip, Smaller organizational pockets with business card holder.
|Shoulder Strap / Length||
0.75″ leather with shoulder pad and buckle, 54″ long.
18 oz. waxed canvas, premium leather, solid brass hardware.

domain: design


You will be missed.'" Houston's body of work included a string of Billboard No.1 hits in the 1980s, including "Saving All My Love for You," "How Will I Know," "The Greatest Love of All," "Where Do Broken Hearts Go," and "I Wanna Dance With Somebody (Who Loves Me)."Billboard put her soundtrack to the 1992 movie "The Bodyguard" as one of the top 10 biggest-selling albums of all time. The soundtrack included the hit,"I Will Always Love You."Famed music producer Clive Davis reportedly spotted Houston 20 years later in a New York nightclub, signing her on the spot, according to her website.Buzzy comedian Tig Notaro has a weirdly hilarious routine involving several run-ins with the singer. That’s why she released a karaoke version of the song on i Tunes in December.
She had performed as late as Thursday night at a pre-Grammy event in the area.My heart goes out to Cissy (Houston's mother), her daughter Bobbi Kris, her family and Bobby (Brown)."Dolly Parton, who wrote "I Will Always Love You," said, "mine is only one of the millions of hearts broken over the death of Whitney Houston.I will always be grateful and in awe of the wonderful performance she did on my song and I can truly say from the bottom of my heart, 'Whitney, I will always love you.She talked about doing cocaine and smoking marijuana.If the Government wants to do something major with its new powers, like create a criminal offence, it will in theory have to seek an affirmative vote in Parliament, although it won’t have to go through the full process of parliamentary scrutiny.


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Perched on a peninsula in the heart of the Orkney archipelago, the Ness of Brodgar is a truly remarkable site. Long-running excavations there are bringing a wealth of discoveries to light, illuminating the life and death of a sophisticated Neolithic community (see CA 335).
Ness of Brodgar
As 2017 was Scotland’s Year of Heritage, History, and Archaeology (part of a programme of themed years that has been running since 2009), CA’s first issue of 2018 is a ‘Scottish special’, looking back over the festivities and celebrating some of Scotland’s fascinating archaeological sites and the ongoing research that is bringing their secrets to […]
For over a decade, archaeological research at the Ness of Brodgar in Orkney has uncovered an astonishing array of Neolithic structures, including a spectacular settlement, monumental buildings, and hundreds of examples of prehistoric artwork. Nick Card brings us the latest news from the Ness.
Between 1974 and 1981 a remarkable campaign of excavations in Dublin exposed a swathe of the Viking town. From an archaeological perspective the conditions were perfect, with waterlogged layers preserving the vestiges of hundreds of houses and thousands of artefacts. But this was also a race against the clock, with public demonstrations buying more time […]

domain: geography


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Press TV - Iran's National Audit Office has received no proof to confirm that a missing $1 billion in oil revenues has been returned to treasury.
A National Audit Office report issued for the parliament (Majlis) has revealed that $1.058 billion of surplus oil revenues in the 2006-2007 budget has not been returned to the treasury or the foreign exchange reserves.
"Unless we receive the proper document from the central bank regarding the missing oil revenues, the issue of the missing oil money will be open to the National Audit Office's investigation," Fereydoun Hemmati, the office's deputy head on the Iranian parliament's budget affairs, said in an interview with Press TV.
In the past three years, Iran ran a surplus of oil revenues due to increases in the price of crude. According to the law, any additional oil income must be transferred to the treasury or the foreign exchange reserves.
Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad severely criticized the Audit Office's report and said such actions mar the government's image and incite the public against his administration.
President Ahmadinejad's remarks sparked the fury of both lawmakers and economists, who had called for an investigation into the case.
"We are ready to reconsider our stance once we receive the central bank's report on the issue," Hemmati said.
The head of the Audit Office Abdolreza Rahmani said earlier in February there were 2,000 cases of infraction in the 2007-2008 budget, which have been overshadowed by the missing oil money report.
... Payvand News - 02/26/09 ... --

domain: finance


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A Florida photographer, who claims that Chris Brown and Rihanna’s security attacked him earlier this year, filed a lawsuit against the young couple on Tuesday (December 2), seeking more than $1 million in damages.
According to the St. Petersburg Times, 26-year-old photographer Luis Santana claims that during a private party for Brown’s 19th birthday in St. Petersburg, Florida earlier this year, he was chased down by security guards and forced to the ground when he snapped photos of the teen pop star in their limo while leaving.
“This is America. It’s called the First Amendment. If you’re in public, you’re subject to being photographed,” said the photog’s attorney, Paul Kimsey. “Everyone is, celebrity or not.”
During the altercation, he claims one security guard put his knee on his jaw and when he tried to push it away, the guards took his camera, worth about $3,000.
In addition to the pricey camera, Santana’s lawyer told the paper that the photog’s most significant loss was the actual photo he snapped of both Brown and Rihanna, explaining that it was worth a lot since it was evidence of their relationship before they were more open to the public about it.
“I just don’t want them to get away with it,” Santana said to the paper. “That’s not right. I wasn’t doing anything wrong.”

domain: news


The most important news on technology, developments and trends with insightful analysis. Coverage includes hardware, software, networking, wireless computing, personal technology, security and cutting-edge technology from the developer world to the consumer world.
Automotive News reports that the 2012 Honda CR-V will, in fact, launch on schedule. Honda has reportedly told its dealers that the crossover will arrive on time despite initial concerns about the impact of Thai floods on the vehicle's production. Honda had originally cautioned that the vehicle may be delayed by several weeks due to a shortage of components produced in Thailand. That crisis has apparently been avoided.
The 2012 Civic wasn't so fortunate. Weather delays related to the tsunami and flood disasters in Japan resulted in a production shortage for the new compact that hampered the model's launch.


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UK REIT Landsec has announced the appointment of Remco Simon to its executive leadership team in the newly created role of managing director – strategy and capital markets. The role will report directly to CEO Mark Allan.
Simon joins Landsec from St Modwen where he was managing director – strategy and corporate development. With over 15 years’ experience in international real estate capital markets, he has also held roles at Bank of America Merrill Lynch and Kempen & Co.
In his new role, he will have responsibility for Landsec’s strategic planning, capital allocation and capital markets activity. Remco joined Landsec on 10 January 2022.

domain: economics


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How Does the 40 Year Mortgage Calculator Work?
The InvestingAnswers 40-year mortgage calculator involves several variables, including the mortgage amount, your term of 40 years, the annual interest rate, any initial interest-only period and the interest rate for an initial interest-only period.
To get started, you’ll need three numbers - your mortgage balance, the annual interest rate attached to the loan and the term of 40 years.
At that point, you may be ready to calculate your estimated monthly mortgage payment. But suppose you are pursuing a 40-year mortgage with an initial interest-only period. In that case, you’ll need to add two more numbers into your calculation - the length of the initial interest-only period and the interest rate attached to that initial period.
With all of the numbers accounted for, you can hit the ‘calculate’ button. The calculator will show you how much you can expect to pay each month over the course of your mortgage.
Additionally, you’ll see an amortization schedule that shows how much of your payment will be put towards the loan principal and how much will be used to cover interest charges. If there is an initial interest-only period, you’ll notice that your regular payments will not be put towards the loan principal. With that, it will take longer for you to build equity in your property.
Example of calculator results
For example, let's say you are purchasing a $350,000 home at 3% interest for 40 years. Your principal and interest payment will be $1,232.86 and you'll pay 241,621.21 in interest.
Compare that to a traditional 30 year mortgage. With a 30 year mortgage, your principal and interest payment would be $1,456.80 and you'll pay $174,336.57 in interest.
So you can see that the 40 year mortgage gives you a smaller monthly payment but you'll pay quite a bit more in interest over the life of the loan. Only you can say if that trade off is worth it.
Benefits of a 40 Year Mortgage
Most 40-year mortgages are fairly straightforward. A longer loan term allows the principal repayment to be stretched out. With that, the monthly payments will be more affordable than a 30-year mortgage with the same principal amount and interest rate.
As a buyer, a 40-year mortgage can give you access to home opportunities that would otherwise be beyond your financial reach. If you are struggling to find a home in your price range with a traditional 30-year mortgage, a 40-year mortgage could give a much-needed boost to your buying power.
Drawbacks of a 40 Year Mortgage
A 40-year mortgage is typically associated with higher mortgage rates than 30-year mortgages. Even without the higher interest rate, a longer loan term means that you’ll likely be paying more in interest over the lifetime of your mortgage when you choose a 40-year mortgage. It may also extend beyond your working years, which will mean making mortgage payments in retirement.
Additionally, many 40-year mortgages aren’t your traditional fixed-rate mortgage. Not only are they more difficult to find, you may find 40-year mortgage loan options that offer an interest-only period during which you’ll make regular payments without building any equity in your home.
Or you could find an adjustable-rate 40-year mortgage with an interest rate that could fluctuate dramatically over the lifetime of your loan. The uncertainty of these nontraditional mortgage arrangements could put a strain on your finances.
40 Year vs. 30 Year Mortgages
The loan term you choose for your mortgage will have a significant impact on the amount of interest you pay over the course of the loan. Although you may enjoy the lower monthly mortgage payment that comes with a 40-year option, the slow build of equity and more expensive interest payments could take a toll on your financial future.
Let’s compare the total cost of a 40- year vs. a 30-year mortgage. As an example, let’s say that you are borrowing $250,000 to close on a home.
On the one hand, you could choose the 30-year mortgage with a 3.00% interest rate that leads to a monthly payment of $1,054.01 and a total loan cost of $379,443.63. On the other, you could choose a 40-year mortgage with an interest rate of 3.25%, leading to a monthly payment of $931.35 and a total cost of $447,049.48.
As you can see, the total cost of the 40-year mortgage is dramatically higher. But a lower monthly payment could make the 40-year mortgage a better choice for your budget.
40 Year Mortgage Rates
Are you considering a 40-year mortgage? Let’s take a look at the mortgage rates available in your area.
How to Get a 40 Year Mortgage
In the past, a 40-year mortgage has been relatively difficult to obtain. That’s because they were considered non-qualifying mortgages. Essentially, that means that 40-year mortgages were unable to be sold on the secondary mortgage market easily. This means the bank that issued the mortgage had to hold it for the entire term. With that, few lenders were willing to offer these types of loans.
However, a recent announcement made by Ginnie Mae could increase the popularity of these loans. The announcement has allowed for an extended term of up to 40 years for mortgages to be sold on the secondary market. This change is being made as a part of a plan to help homeowners stay in their homes with a lower monthly payment. With this change, more lenders may be willing to work with homeowners seeking a 40-year mortgage.
When looking for a 40-year mortgage, you’ll need to shop around for the right lender. Although the recent Ginnie Mae announcement may lead to more lenders offering this type of loan, at the moment, you will find relatively limited options. With that, you will need to consider a wide range of lenders to find the right option for you.
Where to Find a 40 Year Mortgage
Want to find a 40-year mortgage? It can be more challenging than finding a traditional 30-year loan. You will need to expand your search to find the right lender for a 40-year mortgage.
A few places to look are mortgage brokers, online lenders, local banks and credit unions. If you struggle to find a good option, consider speaking to a housing counselor at your state or local HUD office.
Alternatives to a 40 Year Mortgage
Not convinced that a 40-year mortgage is right for you? That’s okay! There are other options available to make your home buying experience more affordable.
One option is to pursue a 30-year conventional mortgage instead of a 40-year mortgage. When you take some time to run the numbers, you might find that the difference between the two monthly payments is very similar. Likewise, you could pursue an FHA loan, USDA loan, or VA loan with a 30-year term and less stringent borrower qualifications.
Finally, you could consider paying discount pointsat closing to ensure lower monthly payments that fit into your budget.
Ask An Expert: Is a 40 Year Mortgage a Good Idea?
As with most financial decisions, a 40-year mortgage is not the right fit for all situations. However, the longer term could be a good compromise for the homeowner whose cash flow is constrained. However, it would not be wise to use a 40-year mortgage to increase your home budget. In addition, only those who have the discipline to save the difference in payments between 30 and 40-year mortgages should consider the longer term option.
If you decide to move forward with a 40-year mortgage, take the time to run the numbers on the total cost of the loan. Although the total cost will almost certainly be higher than a 30-year mortgage, it could be worth considering for your situation along with 15 and 20 year options.


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In South Africa, approximately 2 000 womxn are newly infected with HIV every week. Every year, over 270 000 people acquire both HIV and TB, making it the leading cause of death in South Africa.
The Treatment Action Campaign (TAC) is one of South Africa’s prominent HIV/AIDS lobbying groups. They aim to encourage everyone in South Africa fighting HIV with the treatment they need to manage the disease. According to The New York Times, TAC has been described as “the world’s most effective AIDS group”. However, TAC has refused to support South Africa’s new HIV/AIDS, TB, and STI treatment plan.
The new treatment plan is said to drastically reduce the number of fatalities caused by HIV/AIDS, TB, and STIs. The promises include an HIV counselling and testing campaign, a commitment to providing HIV treatment for all who require it, and increased preventative measure such as providing condoms at schools.
It also acknowledges the fact that measures need to be taken to identify people who are exposed to those with HIV/AIDS, TB, and STIs in order to prevent further infection. However, TAC states that this plan is simply not feasible given South Africa’s poor public health care system and the government’s lack of commitment to the plan.
TAC emphasises that the plan reinforces a lack of accountability as policies set at a national level go unimplemented within provinces due to poor management. This may result in failure before it has even begun.
The plan may, however, be successful if the South African National Aids Council addresses these problems by drafting addendums, such as plans to provide guidance on a provincial level, finance the possible costs of employing more health care workers, and provide more treatment for those who are infected.
Without the serious overhaul of the current ideas and implementation, the government’s newest treatment plan for HIV/AIDS, TB, and STIs may fail to see any results.
Words by Francis Makkink

domain: politics


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Doctor insights on:
How Do Physicians Treat Intermittent Claudication Of Both Legs
Exercise: The best treatment for intermittent claudication is a supervised daily exercise program. This typically involves 30 minutes of daily walking. It has been proven that this alone will increase people's distance walked / endurance. In addition best medical management involves a daily Aspirin and a statin to lower the LDL cholesterol to levels < 100. No surgery unless symptoms are disabling. ...Read moreSee 1 more doctor answer
Claudication is pain in the legs. Intermittent is not constant. It usually occurs after walking short distances. Walk = pain. Rest and the pain goes away. Walk and the pain returns. This indicates a blockage of the blood flow into the legs so when you need more blood / oxygen with walking or activity, you don't get it because of the ...Read more
Stop smoking: And also see a vascular specialist to get duplex ultrasound scan of leg. Your physician can advise you regarding further work up such as ct scan or angiogram. Staying active and walking helps by building collateral vessels, so scheduled exercise helps. Pletal taken twice daily has been shown to help certain percentage of individuals. ...Read more
No: Restless leg is an uncomfortable sensation in the legs, usually at rest; no exact cause is known although certain conditions are associated or increase risk. Intermittent claudication is discomfort or pain usually brought on by activity and relieved by rest; most commonly due to poor arterial blood flow (peripheral vascular disease). ...Read more
Should you wear commercial (or non) compression socks/stockings to alleviate intermittent claudication in lower legs when running? Help or hurt? Progressed to running with less pain-but pace is slow.
Many: Calf muscle pain can be caused by many different conditions besides claudication. To name an additional few: pinched nerve coming from the spine, muscle strain, nocturnal leg cramps, dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, blood clot. And others. Discuss with your md to evaluate further. ...Read more
Leg Pain: See a Vascular Surgeon to have your circulation checked. After a full vascular workup, your Specialist can determine the severity of your disease and how best to address or correct it. Your overall vascular health should be evaluated to determine the most appropriate treatment. Managing your risk factors are also important. ...Read moreSee 1 more doctor answer
Depends on cause: There are two types one is neurogenic and the other vascular. Treatments are very different. Firstly the cause needs to be confirmed. Secondly both produce pain with walking (the latter may have pain even at rest and this is not a good sign). So i would suggest see your pmd and get a work-up. ...Read more
Depends....: There are basically 2 types of claudication: one from compression of your spinal cord and the other from lack of blood flow. The former generally causes pain in the legs when standing and doesn't go away with rest. It requires a physician evaluation. The latter is best treated with exercise. Of concern is the existence of heart disease and risk of stroke in this case - see your doctor! ...Read moreSee 1 more doctor answer
DVT vs ischemia: Dvt is formation of clot in veins, which are responsible for returning blood back to the heart. Claudication is pain associated with decreased blood flow to tissue, arising commonly from narrowing of the small arteries that deliver blood/oxygen from the heart. Both are related to blood vessels, one being a vein the other being an artery. ...Read more
Yes: Probably the best-studied use of edta chelation therapy has been for intermittent claudication (peripheral vascular disease). Contact the american college for advancement in medicine (www.Acam.Org) for clinical studies and names of physicians in your area who provide this treatment. Chelation therapy improves blood flow throughout the body, and benefits a wide range of ischemic conditions. ...Read moreSee 1 more doctor answer
Very different.: Dvt is deep venous thrombophlebitis and is a result of a clot in the deep veins. It is treated by blood thinners. Dvt could lead to venous claudication (pain brought on by walking and relieved by resting) but this is not a common occurrence. Arterial narrowing (stenosis) or blockages (occlusions) are the most common causes of claudication. You should see a vein specialist or vascular surgeon. ...Read more
Lower central chest pain+dysnea+lt shoulder and arm pain + intermittent claudication .. 48 yo man and heavy smoker .. investigations to do ?
You need to: get to the Emergency Room for an evaluation. Symptoms could be cardiac related. ...Read more
The marathon runner: The marathon runner can actually get pain that is very similar to claudication, but it takes him a very long time to get it. After miles of running, if he pushes himself, his calves will burn/hurt. But by pushing himself more and more, he will be able to run further and further without pain. The same is true for people with claudication. Keep pushing forward, and your body will improve! ...Read moreSee 2 more doctor answers
Many: Intermittent claudication is due to deficient circulation in the legs and hurts because the muscles are starving for oxygen. If you smoke, quitting can immediately provide relief. A drug called Pletal (cilostazol) is helpful for some. Restoring circulation by either using a balloon and stent or operation is the last option but often highly beneficial. ...Read moreSee 1 more doctor answer
PVD: Intermittent claudication is a term used in peripheral vascular disease to describe reproducible lower extremity muscular pain induced by exercise, usually after a specific distance of walking, and relieved by rest. Studies have shown that most people with this do not tell their doctors as they assume it is a normal consequence of aging. It is not, however. ...Read more
Leg muscle pain: Claudication, derived from a latin word that means "to limp, " is characterized by pain in the leg muscles. It is caused by blockages in leg arteries depriving the blood supply needed for activities like walking. Resting, or stopping, relieves the pain because less oxygen is needed at rest. "intermittent" refers to the timing of pain: "it hurts upon walking but gone upon stopping, like clockwork.". ...Read moreSee 1 more doctor answer
Leg pain: It is leg pain that occurs with walking, and relieved by rest. It is intermittent in that rest alleviates the discomfort. If is due to poor circulation to the leg muscles. This distinguishes intermittent claudication from neurogenic claudication (from narrowing around the nerves in the low back, that is stenosis). ...Read moreSee 2 more doctor answers
- Talk to a doctor live online for free
- Intermittent claudication of the legs
- Intermittent claudication leg injuries and disorders
- How do you get exercise if you have intermittent claudication?
- Ask a doctor a question free online
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- Talk to a clinical geneticist online for free

domain: medical


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Once again a migrant caravan—primarily Central Americans and Haitians—is proceeding from southern Mexico towards Mexico City, with hopes of reaching the U.S. While Mexico has historically been a safe haven for exiles the Haitians are facing Mexican government hostility, including National Guard soldiers who have attacked caravans near Mexico’s southern border.
Readers’ Views on Covid-19 in Prisons; Labor and Capitalism; Weeds and Flowers; Censorship; Politics of Snitching, and Voices from Behind Bars.
Our era, when racist police gun down Black men, women and youth, continues a history as old as the U.S. The piece excerpted here shows some of that history and how racism can be spurred on by this country’s leaders and would-be leaders, out for power. It takes up how Left movements respond to racism and the attempt to answer the question by funneling liberatory impulses into the dead end of electoral politics. The relationships between the Black freedom movement, anti-war youth, workers, and philosophy of revolution remain as critical today as when this article was written.
The video of Cpl. Eric Casebolt’s June 5 attack on Dejerria Becton and other kids at a pool party in McKinney, Texas, went viral because it was simultaneously shocking and commonplace. In 2015 USA, protests were inevitable and were heard around the world.

domain: sociology


Living a sustainable lifestyle can seem daunting at first however, going green not only helps to save the planet but can also save you money. There are many advantages of going green!
1. Grow a Garden
Nothing tastes better than vegetables from your own garden. Gardening can be very therapeutic. No time or space to create a garden? Try container gardening. You can start by growing vegetables from scraps. This is a great way to reduce food waste and your budget.
Vegetables you can regrow from scraps:
- Onions, Garlic, Shallots, Leeks
- Lettuce and other leafy greens
- Potatoes, all varieties
- Carrots, Turnips, and Other Root Vegetables
- Herbs, such as Parsley, Basil, Oregano, Cilantro, and many others
2. Make homemade meals
Cooking from scratch saves money especially if you have a garden, reduces your carbon footprint and it is also a great way to get the kids involved.
Turn your kitchen waste, primarily food scraps into rich fertilizer. (Fruit and vegetable trimmings, cores, peels, coffee grounds, tea bags, grass clippings, and dead leaves name a few)
4. Make your own cleaning products
White Vinegar, Baking Soda, Peroxide and Borax will clean just about anything without the toxic chemicals. I add essential oils to cut down on the vinegar smell. Very inexpensive and easy to make.
All-Natural Cleaning Recipes
5. Reusable Bags
Ditch the plastic bags and use reusable grocery bags.
6. Stop buying plastic
Choose sustainable products such as bamboo, glass, and stainless steel. The lifecycle of these types of products reduces a tremendous amount of waste and is BPA-free!
7. Conserve Water
Reducing water consumption can be easily achieved by being cognizant of your usage. Here are few simple ways to save water.
- Shower rather than bathing
- Turn the faucet off when brushing your teeth or shaving
- Invest in low-flow toilets or convert your existing toilets to low-flow by putting bricks or plastic bottles filled with sand into the tank thereby reducing the water used per flush
- Invest in water-efficient showerheads and faucets
- Use a bowl of water to clean fruits and vegetables rather than letting the faucet continuously running
- Use the water you have boiled vegetables into water your plants.
- Run full loads of laundry
- Water your yard and garden plants in the evening or early morning to reduce evaporation
- Catch rainwater in a rain barrel to use to water our garden, plants, and yard
8. Use Energy Efficient Light Bulbs
Switch to LED light bulbs. LED bulbs use 75% less energy than incandescent bulbs. While LED bulbs are significantly more expensive, they last substantially longer.
9. Recycle and Reuse
Recycle anything that you cannot reuse such as paper, plastic, boxes, aluminum, etc. Check with your local municipality for recycling guidelines.
10. Go Paperless
Easy ways to go paperless: Use electronic versions of your utility bills, receipts, etc. Only print documents when necessary.
Living more sustainably and reducing waste is not as difficult as you might think. By making conscious decisions about the products you bring into your home and how they are disposed of afterward can make a big impact on the environment. So, make a change for the better and go green!


|Publication number||US5878086 A|
|Application number||US 08/715,949|
|Publication date||Mar 2, 1999|
|Filing date||Sep 19, 1996|
|Priority date||Sep 19, 1996|
|Also published as||EP0861522A2, WO1998012810A2, WO1998012810A3|
|Publication number||08715949, 715949, US 5878086 A, US 5878086A, US-A-5878086, US5878086 A, US5878086A|
|Inventors||Samir N. Hulyalkar|
|Original Assignee||Philips Electronics North America Corporation|
|Export Citation||BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan|
|Patent Citations (7), Referenced by (22), Classifications (21), Legal Events (5)|
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet|
1. Field of the Invention
This invention generally relates to digital signal transmission and processing, and specifically to a method and apparatus for combatting interference through the use of deterministic sequences, such as training patterns. It is particularly applicable for combatting co-channel and multipath interference for High Definition Television (HDTV) transmission.
2. Discussion of the Related Art
In "Method and Apparatus for Combating Co-channel NTSC Interference for Digital TV Transmission", U.S. Pat. No. 5,452,015, a precoding approach is described in an HDTV transmitter to combat the effects of co-channel NTSC interference. A technique for equalization based on precoding at the transmitter and filtering at the receiver is presented in "New Automatic Equalizer Employing Modulo Arithmetic", Electronic Letters, pages 138-139, March 1971, and in "Matched-Transmission Technique for Channels with Intersymbol Interference", IEEE Transactions on Communications, pages 774-780, August 1972, which are incorporated by reference herein. This approach will hereinafter be referred to as the Tomlinson-Harashima approach.
Co-channel interference can be expected to be located at particular frequencies, as compared to "white noise" which is characterized as being spread randomly across the frequency spectrum. To minimize the effect of co-channel interference, the receiver filter described in the '015 patent is designed to attenuate the received signal at select frequencies. In so doing, however, the receiver filter will also attenuate the desired signal at these frequencies, therein introducing signal degradation.
The transmitter-precoding receiver-filtering approach of Tomlinson-Harashima has been developed to allow for the attenuation of the interference which may be added to the desired signal, without attenuating the desired signal. Conceptually, such an effect can be accomplished by having the transmitter accentuate the signal at the frequencies which the receiver filter attenuates, so that the attenuation at the receiver produces the original, unaccentuated, signal. Unfortunately, a direct application of the inverse of the receiver at the transmitter is not practical. In the HDTV co-channel interference case, for example, accentuating the transmit signal at the co-channel frequencies would result in additional interference at that co-channel. Each TV channel would, in effect, increase their interference to other TV channels, which would be counter-productive to a scheme intended to combat such interference.
The Tomlinson-Harashima approach provides for an effective accentuation at the select frequencies without adding significant interference at these frequencies by employing a modulo M, non-linear, precoding of the signals. This non-linear precoding spreads the interference across the bandwidth, which appears to the receiver as random white noise, which has little effect on the overall receive quality at the cochannels.
As described in the '015 patent, the transmit-precoder employing the Tomlinson-Harashima approach comprises a modulo M reducer whose output is fed back through a filter with the inverse characteristics of the receiver filter, as shown in FIG. 1. Characteristically, the transmit-precoder can be described as a non-linear Infinite Impulse Response (IIR) filter whose feedback characteristics are the inverse of the feed forward characteristics of the Finite Impulse Response (FIR) filter at the receiver.
In "VSB Transmission System: Technical Details," Feb. 18, 1994, incorporated by reference herein, it was proposed that a periodic training sequence be utilized in HDTV transmission to enable equalization and minimize the effects of transmission channel distortions such as tilt and ghosts. The operation of the training sequence in conjunction with the precoder-filter approach is described in copending application Ser. No. 8/550,128, which issued on Feb. 11, 1997 as U.S. Pat. No. 5,602,602. The training sequence undergoes the same precoding as the data signals, and undergoes the same filtering at the receiver as the data signals. Since the training sequence is known, any differences between the received training sequence and the true training sequence is an indication of interference which has not been eliminated by the receive filter. Environmental factors, such as multipath reception caused by the reflection of the transmitted signal off a building, produce frequency dependent distortions. The observed difference between the true training sequence and the received training sequence is used to adjust the filter characteristics of the particular receiver to reduce such environment dependent interference. Similar environmental and location dependent interferences would exist with cable or other forms of data transmissions, for which this training sequence approach would also be effective.
Difficulties exist, however, with the combination of training sequences and the precoding-filtering approach. Ideally, the received training sequence should be directly comparable to a predefined true training sequence. This would allow for an unbiased determination of the actual difference between what was transmitted and what was received. Because the precoder at the transmitter is an IIR filter, which is characterized as having infinite memory, the precoded transmitted sequence will be different at each transmission, even though the same training sequence is used each time. The actual transmitted signal is a combination of the signal to be sent at this time plus every signal which was ever sent by the transmitter at prior times. The transmitted signal, and hence the received signal, is said to be non-deterministic, because of this infinite memory. Communication systems routinely determine the original, non-precoded, data without knowing the infinity of prior transmissions. This determination is complicated by the fact that the precoding is non-linear, but the fact that the transmitted information is not exactly the same as the original information is of no consequence for communications because other techniques exist for correcting errors. For receiver training, however, the training methods can only approximate the difference between the received and transmitted training sequence, because the actual transmitted data is unknown at the receiver. This approximation is effective for minimizing distortions which are not too severe and generally time-invariant, but the lack of a deterministic pattern precludes correction for distortions which are characterized by severe distortions or rapidly time varying phenomena. That is, direct comparisons of the differences from one training sequence to the next cannot be made, because the transmitted sequence is caused to be different each time by the IIR filter, and the effects of non-linear filtering cannot be distinguished from the effects of interference.
Essentially, the invention describes a method of producing a deterministic sequence from an IIR filter, thereby allowing for improved signal processing capability at the receiver, particularly when the IIR filter contains a non-linear element.
As specifically envisioned for use in a HDTV digital transmission system, this invention describes a method of presetting the transmitter precoder and the receiver filter when the training signal is to be sent, so that the receiver can utilize a deterministic received training sequence to perform equalization. This presetting is accomplished by switching the signal used in the feedback path to the IIR in the precoder to force the IIR memory to a known state. Conceptually, the presetting is accomplished by converting the IIR, infinite memory, filter to an FIR, finite memory, filter and presetting this finite memory, and then converting it back to an IIR, infinite memory, filter. At the same time, the same preset pattern is sent, without precoding, to the receiver, so that the receiver's filter can be preset to be identical to the transmit filter.
At the receiver, the information received immediately after this presetting period will be, effectively, from an IIR with a known initial memory state which is identical to the initial state of the receiver FIR filter memory. Subsequent sequences will therefore be determinable with knowledge of the original, non-precoded, transmission sequence. As applied to HDTV digital transmission, this will provide a priori knowledge of the actual transmitted training sequence, so that the difference between the transmitted and received sequences can be measured directly and used for equalization. Also, as applied to HDTV digital transmission, because the IIR will be preset identically at each cycle, time-varying performance measurements and enhancements can be made.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a transmit-precoder receive-filter arrangement using the prior art Tomlinson-Harashima precoding.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an HDTV transmitter with a prior art precoder.
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an HDTV receiver with a prior art filter.
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of the modified precoder in accordance with this invention.
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a corresponding receiver-filter in accordance with this invention.
FIG. 1 shows a transmit-receive pair which employ the transmit-precode receive-filter arrangement using Tomlinson-Harashima precoding. The transmit-precoder 100 and the receive-filter 110 operate in a complementary fashion so that, ideally, after precoding and filtering, the data output 130 is identical to the data input 120. The noise 140 which is introduced by the transmission medium 105, however, is filtered by the receive-filter, as desired.
The receiver rejection filter 113 is an FIR filter with taps of 1, g1, g2, . . . , gN!. Constraining the first tap of the receive filter to be 1 allows for the inverse transmit precoder filter 103 to have the taps of g1, g2, . . . , gN!.
At the transmitter, the data input 120 is combined with the output of the precoder filter 103 at the summer 101. Because the transmit filter is designed to accentuate the input, for subsequent attenuation by the receiver filter, the output 121 from the summer 101 can be large. The Mod M reduction block 102 clips the output 121 to form a bounded signal 122. This signal 122 is transmitted to the receiver via transmission medium 105. This transmission medium consists of the equipment and environment employed to produce a corresponding received signal 123 at the receiver location. During the transmission process, noise 140 (e.g. co-channel interference) may be added to the transmitted signal 122, and the received signal 123 will not be identical to the transmitted signal 122.
At the receiver, the receive filter 110 consists of a rejection filter 113 and a Mod M reduction element 112. This filter is intended to reduce the noise component of the received signal 123 so as to produce a data output 130 which is, ideally, identical to data input 120. The taps of rejection filter 113 are those necessary to effect this noise reduction. The mod M reduction element 112 reverses the effect of the mod M reduction element 102 and each have the same characteristics. The design of such a Tomlinson-Harashima precoder-filter arrangement is well established in the art.
FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of an HDTV transmitter which employs a precoder 100. The data to be transmitted 200 is in a digital format, such as MPEG. In accordance with "VSB Transmission System: Technical Details,", the incoming data is randomized, encoded, and interleaved, to provide a very robust, error correctable, data signal 225. This data signal is framed by signals 260 and 270 which synchronize the receiver to this transmit stream. A training sequence is specified to be included in the field sync pattern 270. The multiplexer 230 will produce an output 120 for the precoder 100 to produce the precoded output 122, as described above. This precoded signal 122 is modulated at 240 to produce a signal 250 which can be propagated to a receiver.
FIG. 3 shows a block diagram of an HDTV receiver which employs a filter 110. A received signal 350 is demodulated by demodulator 340 to produce a demodulated signal 123. This demodulated signal is also used to establish synchronization and timing in block 330, utilizing the sync signals 260 and 270 which were added to the data signal by the multiplexer 230 in the transmitter. The demodulated signal 123 is processed by the filter 110 to produce a data output 130, as described above. This data output is further filtered by the equalizer 325, and subsequently de-interleaved, de-coded, and de-randomized to produce a data output 300 which, ideally, is identical to data input 200 in FIG. 2.
FIG. 4 shows a transmit precoder 400 which is modified in accordance with this invention. The data input 120 thereto contain the pattern which is intended to be used to preset the filter memory at both the transmitter and the receiver. For clarity, this is shown conceptually as a data signal 420 and a preset pattern 470, the selection of which is controlled by mux 430 to produce the data input 120. This multiplexing may be incorporated at the system level; for example, in the preferred embodiment for HDTV, the preset pattern is specified to be contained in the field sync pattern 270, and the multiplexing is performed in the mux 230 as part of the overall system operation, as shown in FIG. 2.
The modified transmit-precoder 400 in FIG. 4, as compared to the precoder 100 of FIG. 1, contains an additional multiplexer 410. This multiplexer operates so as to break the feedback path from the output of the mod M reduction element 102 to the filter 103, and in its stead, provide the signal 120. That is, during the preset interval, a preset signal 425 is asserted. This preset signal controls the operation of the mux 410 and connects input signal 120 directly to output signal 122 when asserted; when not asserted, it connects the output 422 of the mod M reduction element 102 to the data output 122, and operates as the transmit-precoder 100 of FIG. 1. The data output 122 of the mux 410 is the input 423 to the filter 103 which has N-taps. If the preset signal is asserted for N continuous time periods, this N-tap filter will be preset to the values contained in the preset pattern at these N time periods. When the preset signal is deasserted, the transmit-precoder 400 will operate as an IIR filter with a known initial memory state. In so doing, the resultant data output will be deterministic from the time of the last preset operation. The assertion of the preset signal will be determined by the system architecture. Typically, the preset signal will occur periodically, usually in conjunction with the synchronization scheme established by the transmission protocol specification. Consistent with this invention, however, the preset signal could be asserted whenever the generation of a deterministic pattern is desired. For example, the receiving system may request such reinitialization directly, for example, when changing channels, or a system monitoring device may initiate the preset based on some observed performance factors.
In the exemplary embodiment for HDTV, the preset signal is asserted periodically, with each occurrence of the field sync. The precoder filter 103 for HDTV has fifty one taps. The field sync 270 is specified to contain fifty one symbols at its start for presetting the filter 103. These 51 symbols are followed by a training sequence, which consists of 511 symbols. The symbols employed for the training sequence are defined and known a priori to the receiver. In accordance with "VSB Transmission System: Technical Details,", this sync pattern will be multiplexed onto the data stream periodically, every 24.2 milliseconds. Thus, being preset to the same state as the transmitter, the receiver will be able to determine any differences introduced by noise and other interferences directly, by comparing the filtered out put to the predefined training sequence. Since the 51 preset patterns and the 511 training patterns will be repeated, exactly, every 24.2 milliseconds, time varying effects can be measured by comparing the signals received at these 24.2 millisecond intervals.
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a receiver which is modified to take advantage of this deterministic output from the transmitter. Shown are the affected blocks 113 and 325 of the unmodified receiver shown in FIG. 3. It should be noted that the transmitter as designed in accordance with this invention would be compatible with an unmodified receiver, with the consequence, however, that all the advantages provided by this invention may not be realized in an unmodified receiver. It should also be noted that the processing of a periodically repeating deterministic pattern from an IIR filter may be performed by methods not shown in FIG. 5, but which would be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art.
The output 124 of the filter 113 is input to the training means element 550. Also input to the training means element 550 is the output 561 of the known training sequence element 560. The timing input signal 525 is used to control when the training will occur. Because this invention provides for a deterministic transmitted training sequence, the known training sequence element can produce a determined pattern for independent comparison to the received training sequence. This known training sequence element may produce this sequence from precoded memory, or may generate the sequence using the same methods as employed in the transmitter. As controlled by the timing signal 525, the training means element 550 compares the inputs 124 and 561 and generates correction signals 523 and 522 to dynamically modify the rejection filter 113, or the equalizer 325, or both.
Training means are well known in the art, and FIG. 5 is not intended to constrain the processing of the deterministic sequences from an IIR filter, as provided for in this invention. For example, the training means element 525 could be a microcomputer with memory, and various signal processing and statistical techniques could be employed to provide time-varying data and statistics to other elements of the communications system, or to other diagnostic systems.
Although the specific application of this invention has been presented as a means of improving the reception and processing of HDTV signals, it should be apparent that the periodic generation of a deterministic sequence from a filter with infinite memory, such as an IIR filter, will provide an opportunity for improved processing whenever such a filter is employed. This invention is applicable to any IIR filter, both linear and non-linear, either analog or digital, and is not limited to use in a Tomlinson-Harashima transmit-receive pair.
|Cited Patent||Filing date||Publication date||Applicant||Title|
|US5151785 *||Jun 4, 1991||Sep 29, 1992||Zenith Electronics Corporation||HDTV transmission system with reduced susceptibility to NTSC cochannel interference|
|US5289395 *||Jul 27, 1992||Feb 22, 1994||Telefunken Systemtechnik Ag||Signal processing method employing a digital filter|
|US5291291 *||Apr 8, 1992||Mar 1, 1994||Zenith Electronics Corp.||ATV television system with reduced co-channel NTSC interference|
|US5440347 *||Oct 13, 1993||Aug 8, 1995||Philips Electronics North America Corporation||Method and apparatus for randomizing training sequences to minimize interference in digital transmissions|
|US5561468 *||Feb 28, 1995||Oct 1, 1996||North American Philips Corporation||Multiplexed modulation system for robust audio digital television|
|US5602583 *||Feb 10, 1995||Feb 11, 1997||Zenith Electronics Corporation||NTSC rejection filter with switched tomlinson precoder for reducing NTSC co-channel interference in ATV receivers|
|WO1996021304A2 *||Dec 15, 1995||Jul 11, 1996||Philips Electronics N.V.||Combating signal interference in digital transmission|
|Citing Patent||Filing date||Publication date||Applicant||Title|
|US6411657||Dec 30, 1999||Jun 25, 2002||Tioga Technologies Inc.||DSL transmitter with digital filtering using a Tomlinson-Harashima precoder|
|US6597745 *||Apr 6, 1999||Jul 22, 2003||Eric M. Dowling||Reduced complexity multicarrier precoder|
|US6693958 *||Dec 22, 1998||Feb 17, 2004||Thomson Licensing S.A.||Adaptive channel equalizer having a training mode|
|US6823019 *||Jul 30, 1999||Nov 23, 2004||Agere Systems Inc.||Reduced DC transients in a sigma delta filter|
|US6879639||Aug 11, 2000||Apr 12, 2005||Tioga Technologies Inc.||Data transceiver with filtering and precoding|
|US6885699||Jul 25, 2002||Apr 26, 2005||Stmicroelectronics Ltd.||Semi-stationary quiescent mode transmission|
|US7046740||Jun 26, 2003||May 16, 2006||Eric Morgan Dowling||Reduced complexity multicarrier precoder|
|US7200180||Dec 28, 2000||Apr 3, 2007||Tioga Technologies, Inc.||Data transceiver with filtering and precoding|
|US7298396 *||Aug 25, 2003||Nov 20, 2007||Spx Corporation||Apparatus and method for monitoring transmission systems using embedded test signals|
|US7409003 *||Feb 19, 2003||Aug 5, 2008||Tellabs Oy||Method and apparatus for implementing adaptive tomlinson-harashima precoding in a digital data link|
|US7519132||Feb 21, 2006||Apr 14, 2009||Rpx-Nw Acquisition Llc||Reduced complexity multicarrier precoder|
|US7937048||Jul 19, 2006||May 3, 2011||National Institute Of Advanced Industrial Science And Technology||Signal transmission apparatus and signal transmission method|
|US8054875 *||Dec 29, 2005||Nov 8, 2011||Intel Corporation||Autoregressive moving average modeling for feedforward and feedback Tomlinson-Harashima precoder filters|
|US8175188||Jan 8, 2009||May 8, 2012||Rpx Corporation||Reduced complexity multicarrier precoder|
|US20030031269 *||Jul 25, 2002||Feb 13, 2003||S.T. Microelectronics||Semi-stationary quiescent mode transmission|
|US20050054301 *||Aug 25, 2003||Mar 10, 2005||Spx Corporation||Apparatus and method for monitoring transmission systems using embedded test signals|
|US20050129138 *||Feb 19, 2003||Jun 16, 2005||Janne Vaananen||Method and apparatus for implementing adaptive tomlinson-harashima precoding in a digital data link|
|US20060140298 *||Feb 21, 2006||Jun 29, 2006||Dowling Eric M||Reduced complexity multicarrier precoder|
|US20090116576 *||Jan 8, 2009||May 7, 2009||Rpx-Nw Acquisition Llc||Reduced complexity multicarrier precoder|
|US20090219984 *||Dec 29, 2005||Sep 3, 2009||Felix Aleksandrovich Taubin||Autoregressive Moving Average Modeling for Feedforward and Feedback Tomlinson-Harashima Precoder Filters|
|US20100003933 *||Jul 19, 2006||Jan 7, 2010||National Institute Of Advanced Industrial Science And Technology||Signal transmission apparatus and signal transmission method|
|WO2001050645A1 *||Dec 28, 2000||Jul 12, 2001||Tioga Technologies Inc.||Data transceiver with filtering and precoding|
|U.S. Classification||375/285, 375/296, 708/320, 348/21, 375/350, 375/349, 348/E05.084, 348/608, 348/470|
|International Classification||H04N5/21, H04N7/015, H03H17/02, H04B15/00, H03H17/04, H04B3/04|
|Cooperative Classification||H03H17/04, H04N5/211, H03H17/0266|
|European Classification||H03H17/02F8A, H03H17/04, H04N5/21A|
|Nov 5, 1996||AS||Assignment|
Owner name: PHILIPS ELECTRONICS NORTH AMERICA CORPORATION, NEW
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:HULYALKAR, SAMIR N.;REEL/FRAME:008210/0806
Effective date: 19961016
|Aug 30, 2002||FPAY||Fee payment|
Year of fee payment: 4
|Sep 20, 2006||REMI||Maintenance fee reminder mailed|
|Mar 2, 2007||LAPS||Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees|
|May 1, 2007||FP||Expired due to failure to pay maintenance fee|
Effective date: 20070302


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Wed April 24, 2013
Lawmakers Ask If Intel Blocked Before Boston Bombs
Lawmakers say U.S. law enforcement and other agencies may not have shared enough intelligence about the Boston Marathon bombing suspects in the months before the deadly bombings.
But none of the lawmakers are saying — yet— that better sharing could have stopped the attacks, after FBI officials briefed them on the investigation Tuesday.
The chairwoman and top Republican on the Senate Intelligence Committee — Dianne Feinstein and Saxby Chambliss — say the incident showed there was a lack of sharing of some information, despite intelligence-sharing reforms implemented after the Sept. 11 attacks.
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text:
Energy Star® Summer Breeze and Light Kit Bundle - 52"
Hunter combines 19th century craftsmanship with 21st century design and technology to create ceiling fans of unmatched quality, style, and whisper-quiet performance. Using the finest materials to create stylish designs, Hunter ceiling fans work beautifully in today’s homes and can save up to 47% on cooling costs! This Energy Star® Rated bundle includes the 52” Summer Breeze fan and an accessory light kit with Scavo Snowflake glass. Antique Brass, Brushed Nickel, New Bronze and White finials are included to match any décor.
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text:
Successful Launch of Ares I Scale Model Rocket
HUNTSVILLE, Ala. – Steve Cook, right, manager of the Ares Projects Office at the Marshall Center, and Homer Hickam, center, a former NASA engineer who is the author of the bestseller "Rocket Boys: A Memoir," successfully launch a 1:100 scale model of the Ares I crew launch vehicle on Jan. 15. They are assisted by Vince Huegele, left, a Marshall test engineer in the Engineering Directorate. The model rocket, built by Estes-Cox Corp. in Penrose, Colo., well-known makers of educational model rocket kits, soared approximately 800 ft. before its descent. The Ares I crew launch vehicle, designed to loft the Orion crew exploration vehicle to orbit, is a key component of NASA's Constellation Program, which will send humans to explore the moon by 2020 to set up a permanent lunar outpost. The Marshall Center manages the Ares Project for NASA's Constellation Program, based at NASA's Johnson Space Center in Houston.
For information about NASA's Constellation Program, visit:
For information about NASA and agency programs, visit:
Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Ala.


16th Class, 2009-2010
Field Placement: Center for Health Equity (Louisville, KY)
Kate worked with this city government agency to increase healthy food options for Louisville residents. She built a repository for all research and grassroots initiatives addressing food security in the city to inform the work of the city-wide Food in Neighborhoods Committee. She also worked with low-income communities to assess barriers to accessing healthy foods, and supported initiatives that eliminate the barriers, such as the “Healthy in a Hurry” corner store initiative.
Hunger Free Community Report:
The State of Food: A Snapshot of Food Access in Louisville is a literature review of food access and food policy in Louisville that examines where disparities in food access persist, analyzes initiatives and research already underway, and provides suggestions for what still needs to be done. It is the first annual report of the citywide Food In Neighborhoods Committee.
Policy Placement: Center for Community Change (Washington, DC)
Kate worked on the Campaign for Community Values to support initiatives relating to health care, access to jobs, and immigration. She researched and monitored legislation and provided educational updates and summaries to grassroots partner organizations and the CCC policy team.
Pre-Fellowship Education and Experience:
Originally from Connecticut, Kate graduated in 2007 from New York University with a degree in gender and sexuality studies. She served as a Presidential Scholar and wrote a thesis on homeless services for transgender New Yorkers. She also volunteered with Queers for Economic Justice and interned with the Brennan Center for Justice where she worked to improve access to public benefits. After college, she worked as an advocate at the Urban Justice Center’s Homelessness Outreach and Prevention Project, and as a Route Leader on a cross-country bike trip to raise awareness about affordable housing.


Buyers (Part Number:1802225)
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Pull 2 pins for easy 4-position height adjustment in 1-1/4 inch increments. Pull the third pin to rotate between 1-7/8, 2 or 2-5/16 inch chrome hitch balls.
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KETOTEK Smart WiFi Thermostat for Underfloor Water Heating 3A Compatible with Alexa Echo/Google Home/Tuya, Programmable Room Thermostat Under Floor Heating Controller
- 【Water underfloor heating】 This is an WiFi enabled thermostat suitable for most water underfloor heating system, helping save much on your energy usage and maximise comfort. Check your pattress box and ensure there is neutral wire and live wire available. This thermostat can't replace battery-powered thermostat. Input: 90~240V, 50/60Hz, Output: current Imax 3A.
- 【Smart control via app/voice】 Choose from the Tuya or Smart Life app to control your WiFi thermostat Underfloor Heating anytime, anywhere. Easily connect your thermostat with compatible voice assistant devices like Alexa and Google Home. You can control your device how you like. This thermostat works with 2.4GHz WiFi (5.0GHz not applicable).
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text:
The favas that I sowed on November 10 are growing well.
And the second sowing that went in on December 20 are just starting to emerge. That's it for that bed, just favas.
But, I have let a lot of California Poppies volunteer around the edges of the bed and there's also Miner's Lettuce volunteering in the bed also.
In the next bed, the Opal Creek Golden Snap Peas seem to be barely fazed by winter. The birds have done more damage than the frost. All the leaves at the tops of the plants have been pecked away.
But there are lots of new shoots and flower buds lower on the plants.
The Kefe Beinwil Snow Peas are also putting out a lot of growth lower on the plants. You can't really see them in the photo below, but the plants are starting to bloom again.
The kale plants are looking like small trees and the chervil is filling in the space below. The kales and the peas all have powdery mildew so I treated them all this afternoon with some Neem oil.
There's one Romanesco broccoli plant that is getting to be a half decent size. I had such problems getting the Romanesco started, it'll be a minor miracle if I get one decent head. My plants were huge by this time last year, this one is a dwarf in comparison.
Here's a new kale that I'm trying, Smooth Leaf Kale from Portugal. The leaves are a bit mottled, I don't think that's normal, but it's still good tasting. The aphids love it more than any other brassica in the garden. I wonder if the aphids transmitted some kind of virus to the plants?
The Piracicaba broccoli continues to put out new shoots.
All the garlic has sprouted and is growing well. The silverskin varieties took much longer to sprout and aren't as big yet.
I have a few pots lining the main path with various salad greens.
Olive Leaf Arugula, just emerging.
Cutting Lettuce Mix
And there are a few potted pepper plants that are hanging around, these were all planted in spring of 2008.
Aleppo, doing better than it looks here.
Aji Argentina, nearly leafless, but still with us.
Aji Pineapple, this one got the most protection.
The Frederick passion fruit is looking a bit yellow but hasn't dropped its leaves.
It still has some fruit but I don't know if these will be any good.
Not in the vegetable garden, but putting on a good show, the lavender lining the driveway is putting on a good show.
And the bees are loving it!

domain: agronomy


Yesterday’s testimony in Congress showed signs that Trump could very well be in trouble in the impeachment inquiry.
Ukraine ambassador Bill Taylor apparently testified that the aid to Ukraine, in his understanding, was held up in part in order to pressure Ukraine to investigate Joe Biden. According to multiple sources, the testimony overall was enough to convince some Republicans that there might actually be a there there.
This now combines with several issues surrounding the Trump Administration right now: The situation in Syria, Trump’s unfortunate tweet comparing the process to a “lynching”, and recent polling that shows several key Senate seats in play, and it appears to be helping Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell make his choice on who to support.
Hint: It’s not the President.
Wednesday's intro: Mitch McConnell says he doesn't recall talking to Trump about call with Ukraine pic.twitter.com/0DGMVNr4Ou
— Morning Joe (@Morning_Joe) October 23, 2019
This clip should be a big red flag to the White House. Trump’s typical reaction to dissent is insults and social media pressure but it will not work with McConnell, who has been a key ally in getting Trump’s judicial nominees through the Senate. McConnell’s work in putting as many Trump appointees into the system as possible has resulted in solid choices making it onto the federal bench, making him a very key component in Trump’s agenda going forward.
McConnell can afford to distance himself from Trump. He has the support of the Senate, where his opposition has largely quieted down since the Obama Era. Trump, however, cannot afford to lose McConnell.
This is a warning sign for Trump for multiple reasons. The first is that it largely confirms what I wrote yesterday morning – that the Senate is in play both in terms of the 2020 election and in terms of an impeachment trial – which will put Trump on edge more than usual. The second is the very real threat that Trump’s actions regarding Ukraine might be impeachable after all.
McConnell, as we’ve pointed out at RedState both from a friendly and an oppositional point of view, is a known fighter. He will fight to ensure political victory for him and his allies. Trump came into his office not as an ally, but as a threat. The relationship between the two was tumultuous at best. However, McConnell was able to leverage himself into Trump’s favor by forcing through judicial appointees and scoring a major victory in the Kavanaugh fight. That didn’t make them allies, just two Republicans with similar aims.
McConnell is #TeamMcConnell all the way. If Trump becomes a threat to Senate Republicans, McConnell will find a way to mitigate that threat as much as possible. If that means throwing Trump under the bus and taking their chances with President Mike Pence, then so be it. He will absolutely make that choice if it is in the best interest of him and his allies.
In his mind, Trump is expendable. Presidents have term limits and Senators do not. He can afford the shift in tone, and both he and Trump know this.
The question is… will Trump react and adjust the right way here?


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For 2011+ Models With 2″ Round Light Holes (Underbody DPF)
W900L Aerocab cab skirt – designed for Kenworth W900L models 2011+ with underbody DPF. One block heater hole. Sold in pairs, with each skirt having 2″ round light holes. Hardware included. Driver side 51.67″ long, 6.57″ wide. Passenger side skirt 51.67″ long and 5.12″ wide.


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- For Medical Staff or working at an Island Health Site
Please contact: firstname.lastname@example.org
PPE Storing and Ordering Guide | February 1, 2021
PPE Requisition Form: Long-term Care Affiliates and Private Care | February 1, 2021
PPE Requisition Form: N95 Disposable Masks – PHSA Stores | February 1, 2021
PPE Requisition Form: N95 Reusable Respirators and Cartridges | February 1, 2021
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Health PPE Portal
The Health PPE Portal allows general practitioners, nurse practitioners and specialist physicians in community clinics to order personal protective equipment (PPE) and critical supplies through a centralized ordering system, at no cost, for the duration of the COVID-19 pandemic emergency response.
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General practitioners, nurse practitioners and specialist physicians in community clinics are receiving letters that include a unique customer number and additional information on how to access the Health PPE Portal. Practitioners who did not receive a letter by December 15, 2020 are to please contact email@example.com.
Access Health Portal: www.HealthPPE.gov.bc.ca
Frequently Asked Questions - Health PPE Portal | February 2, 2021
Health PPE Portal Roll Out | February 2, 2021
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|COVID-19: Emergency Prioritization in a Pandemic
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Allocation Framework
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domain: entertainment


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Azerbaijan, Baku, 5 August / Trend corr. A.Gasimova/ Director of the Europe programme at the International Crisis Group Sabine Freizer believes EU may play a key role to improve the relations between Moscow and Tbilisi.
"It will be extremely difficult to reach an agreement without the assistance of outside facilitators. The EU can play a key role in trying to improve dialogue between Moscow and Tbilisi," Freizer said to Trend on 5 August.
The situation in the South Ossetia conflict area rapidly deteriorated last week. In the early morning of 2 August, a skirmish in the conflict area left six dead. Tbilisi says it was South Ossetia to commence the fire and Georgia just retaliated. Peace keeping forces in South Ossetia (Russian servicemen) said the skirmish was provoked by Georgian side.
According to Freizer, first and foremost the EU needs to make clear to the Georgian side that if there is a resumption of war, Georgia will lose all the sympathy that it currently enjoys in western capitals. " The EU also needs to engage more firmly with Russia on Georgia related issues, and make Moscow understand that the South Caucasus are just as much part of the EU's neighbourhood as they are part of Russia's near abroad. Any security threat in Georgia is a threat to the whole EU," she said.
Freizer said the EU can assist by relaying these political messages and also continuing on the other hand to encourage Georgia to reach out to the Abkhaz (and Ossetians) by providing funds for confidence building, rehabilitation, and reconstruction assistance. "Ultimately the EU could play a more direct role in helping the Georgians and Abkhaz set up a free economic zone for example, or restarting sea based trade between Abkhazia and the rest of the world," said Freizer.
"Tensions between Georgia, South Ossetia, Abkhazia and Russia need to subside. But on the other hand Tbilisi itself also can re-engage more seriously with the Abkhaz and South Ossetians to reduce distrust and fear. They need to treat the Abkhaz and the South Ossetians as partners and stop talking past them in an attempt to reach Moscow," she said.
Freizer said it is of course extremely positive that Germany and the European Union in general are taking a bigger interest in the Georgian conflicts. "The German three step plan was a good platform to re-launch dialogue when the Georgians and Abkhaz had refused to talk for a long time. However it is essential for Germany to remain engaged and for its effort to be supported by other big EU member states," said Freizer.
"France's foreign minister Kouchner expects to travel to Georgia soon and it will be a good opportunity for him to follow up with the German plan - which is actually a Group of Friends plan. The EU needs to have a united approach if it wants to be effective," said Freizer.
After the split of USSR, Abkhazia and South Ossetia, two autonomies within the Georgian SSR, proclaimed independence. As a result of an armed conflict, official Tbilisi lost control over the territory. Fruitless peace negotiations are underway. Tbilisi offers to the two regions the broad autonomy status within Georgia, but separatists do not agree.
The correspondent can be contacted at [email protected]


Introducing DynamicDAQ™, our new Data Acquisition Tool!March 7, 2014
DynamicDAQ Measures and Monitors Pressure, Temperature, and Statistics for Aerospace, Test Laboratories, Research and Manufacturing Customers
The new, durable and fully portable product, called DynamicDAQ™, was conceived and developed our team of software architects at NTS Albuquerque. DynamicDAQ is based on National Instruments hardware, and allows aerospace and other customers to collect and portray data in real time and store it for display, analysis and certification purposes.
DynamicDAQ, which was developed on a National Instruments (NI) cDAQ hardware platform, can be scaled to fit data acquisition requirements for large (PXI) and small systems related to aerospace test stands, “iron birds” and other sources of complex data sets. DynamicDAQ can measure and monitor such things as pressure, temperature, voltage, current, position and a plethora of statistics, noted Brian G. Shea, NTS LabVIEW Architect.
“Our new DynamicDAQ tool can measure hundreds of temperatures and pressure readings and display them on a screen in real time,” said Shea, the lead product developer. “We have many clients who need just what this tool provides: calibrated data reported in standard formats and archivable for record keeping and certification purposes. This solution can also be customizable and we believe it offers aerospace-related customers, test laboratories and researchers a cost-effective measurement tool that benefits from ongoing product evolution.”
For more information on DynamicDAQ, call NTS Engineering Services at


|General infos and scientific studies on musical instruments (other than brass)
|Studies on brass instruments, mainly trumpet stuff
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|Interviews & Roundtable about Music & Health
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Where is the Kroger/Walgreens relationship headed?
The relationship between Kroger and Walgreens is going to the next level. The two retail giants have announced plans to expand a pilot program announced last October that places Kroger Express store-within-a-store shops inside Walgreens to 35 more locations in the Knoxville, TN market. Walgreens will also sell select health and beauty care private labels, including its Boots No7 and Soap & Glory, in 17 Kroger stores in the market.
The Kroger shops inside of Walgreens, as before, will feature select private labels such as the organic Simple Truth line from the supermarket chain. The locations will stock between 2,300 and 2,700 items from Kroger in dairy, fresh meat and produce, frozen foods and shelf-stable categories.
Most of the pilot locations will also give customers the option of placing their orders online at kroger.com and picking up their purchases outside the stores using Kroger Pickup.
“Our growing relationship with Walgreens is just one more way Kroger is making life easier and better for even more customers — because everyone deserves to have affordable, easy-to-enjoy, fresh food,” said Jeff Talbot, Kroger’s vice president of new business development, in a statement.
The two retailers are taking a slow and steady approach to the pilot program with an eye towards future expansion.
“Expanding our pilot to Knoxville demonstrates the ongoing success and future potential of bringing together the best of Kroger’s food authority with Walgreens’ global expertise in health and beauty,” said Mr. Talbot.
“Walgreens customers have responded very favorably to the Kroger Express pilot in Northern Kentucky. As a result, we’re exploring more ways to offer customers an enhanced, more convenient shopping experience,” said Richard Ashworth, Walgreens president of operations. “Working with Kroger, we’re continuing to re-invent our customer offer to meet shoppers’ evolving needs, which includes offering private-label grocery and health products at a great value, through an integrated omnichannel experience.”
- Kroger and Walgreens to Expand Exploratory Pilot to Knoxville, Tennessee – The Kroger Co.
- Drugstore/grocery pilot is two-thirds Walgreens and one-third Kroger – RetailWire
- Will the Kroger/Walgreens pilot lead to something really big? – RetailWire
DISCUSSION QUESTIONS: Where do you see the Kroger/Walgreens pilot program going? Do you expect other food/drug store collaborations among retail chains?


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Nicki Minaj Covers ESPN With Kobe Bryant
She’ll never dunk in those shoes…
ESPN covers are usually reserved for extraordinary athletes but since they’re celebrating music with their February issue, who better to grace the cover their glossy front page than Nicki Minaj. The head Barb dons a pair of killer wedges beside Kobe Bryant who’s in a mean ensemble himself.
Nicki may be the first person to wear heels on the cover of a sports magazine!
UP NEXT: LeBron James Instagram FAIL


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Research - Diabetes Patient Experience (2013-14)
WHFS (Women's Health & Family Services) was funded by the Tower Hamlets Clinical Commissioning Group (THCCG) in September 2013 to undertake a 7 month project to investigate patients' experiences of diabetes services in the borough.
Why the project is important
Diabetes within the Tower Hamlets population (currently 6%) is significantly higher than the average for London and England, and is increasing.
Diabetes has significant health implications, and can lead to other complications. The prevalence of depression is approximately twice as high in people with diabetes as it is in the general population.
By introducing various measures (such as providing the Expert Patient Diabetes Education Programme), Tower Hamlets has seen increases in the early identification of diabetes, better control of related symptoms and significant reductions in hospital admissions.
A major concern, however, remains the lack of engagement of some diabetes patients.
Understanding more about people’s experiences of diabetes and identifying why some interventions work and others do not, has important implications for the development of effective diabetes treatment and care strategies as well as for preventive initiatives.
WHFS used an innovative qualitative research method called Participatory Appraisal (PA).
WHFS recruited 13 local women and men and provided them with PA training (accredited through the Open College Network at Level 2). PA sessions were then conducted with 108 diabetic patients in community centres across Tower Hamlets, and with 15 stakeholders (including clinicians, commissioners and service providers).
Three key themes emerged from this research:
- Mixed experiences in diabetes care
There is a lack of engagement by many patients with the Diabetes Education Programme and a need for more flexibility in service delivery, with better recognition of the diversity amongst patients and their needs.
- A need for more positive messages
There is a need for clearer and more visual information about diabetes from a wider range sources (such as GPs, diabetes nurses and dieticians), as well as a desire for more positive messages about managing the condition, leading to healthier lifestyle choices.
- Make services more local
The importance of community-based and peer-supported diabetes education (including practical advice on diet and exercise) was highlighted across all communities. ‘’It works best if they come to us” and "We feel listened to here," were repeated sentiments. WHFS’s Diabetes Befriending and Somali Diabetes Education projects fulfil an important role here, providing practical support to people with diabetes.
- Specific recommendations were made to amend the content, delivery and flexibility of the Diabetes Education Programme to better meet the needs of the diverse communities in Tower Hamlets.
- As a result of the PA session with stakeholders, a diabetes support group for mental health service users was established at Pritchard Road Day Care Centre (PRDCC) in April 2014.
Read the full Report
For further details, please read the full Diabetes Patient Experience in Tower Hamlets research report.


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Developed to improve precision and accuracy with any style or caliber of weapon, the Trijicon RMR (Ruggedized Miniature Reflex) Type 2 is designed to be as durable as the legendary ACOG. The RM06 is an LED sight powered by a standard CR2032 battery. Housed in rugged forged aluminum, the RMR is extremely tough yet lightweight. New easy-to-use adjusters with audible clicks allow for quick windage and elevation adjustments. With eight available brightness settings, the reticle can be manually adjusted by pressing the plus or minus buttons on either side of the unit. To switch to auto adjust mode simply press both buttons simultaneously and release. To save battery life turn the op Mfg: TrijiconCheck price and Read more Detail At Trijicon
Mounting to a Picatinny or Weaver type rail-The standard, 2-screw Hunter rings are a nice match for general hunting setups.Made from aircraft-grade 6061-T6 aluminum for optimum strength. Scope Ring Heights are measured from the base to the center of the ring. Mfg: Vortex OpticsCheck price and Read more Detail At Vortex Optics
The Hornady GMX bullets (Gilding Metal Expanding) are a streamlined design projectile to obtain ultra-flat trajectories. Gilding metal reduces pressure and fouling that is often associated with "all copper" bullets. The GMX consistently delivers over 95% weight retention and 1.5 times original diameter expansion. They are able to achieve devastating terminal performance across a wide range of velocities. Their gilding metal construction and double cannelures minimize barrel fouling and are compatible with conventional reloading data. Lead-Free construction meets all California restrictions. Mfg: HornadyCheck price and Read more Detail At Hornady
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AeroCentury and certain of its subsidiaries commenced a voluntary case under Chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code. AeroCentury also entered into a stalking horse agreement with its sole secured lender, Drake Asset Management.
ACRES Capital acquired Exantas Capital’s management agreement from an affiliate of C-III Capital Partners. Exantas Capital also entered into definitive agreements with MassMutual and Oaktree for new capital commitments aggregating up to $375 million.
iCapital Network and Artivest entered into a definitive agreement under which iCapital will acquire the Artivest platform and operating businesses. PJT Partners served as financial advisor to iCapital Network and RBC Capital Markets served as financial advisor to Artivest.
Jay Gavigan has joined Morrison & Foerster’s New York office as a partner in its Lending and Financial Transactions Group.
Law firm Morrison & Foerster opened an office in Boston to further extend its technology and life sciences capabilities. The move also expanded the firm’s Finance and Emerging Companies and Venture Capital practices.
Dennis Jenkins, a financial restructuring lawyer with 20 years of experience, joined global law firm Morrison & Foerster as a partner in its New York–headquartered Business Restructuring & Insolvency Group.
Global law firm Morrison & Foerster announced the election of 12 lawyers to the firm’s partnership. The class of 2016 includes individuals from 10 practice groups across eight offices in the U.S., Europe, and Asia.
Morrison & Foerster announced that Peter Declercq and Sonya Van de Graaff, formerly with Schulte Roth & Zabel have joined its London office as partners in the Business Restructuring & Insolvency Group.
Morrison & Foerster is advising Global Logistic Properties in its agreement with a group of strategic partners. The second tranche, with a planned investment of up to $875 million, is expected to be completed within the next six months.

domain: law


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This year, like any year, producers have to make a decision whether they till or not. This year is especially more challenging for producers to carefully consider their tillage decision because of high fuel prices. Generally, producers know what it takes to operate tillage implements and how much fuel it would take to finish the work. Conventional tillage in general would require approximately 4.1 gal of fuel per acre compared to 1 gal per acre for no-tillage. Field operations in general, including tillage and harvesting, consume about 15 percent of the crop production energy.
Iowa State University
Al-Kaisi, Mahdi and Hanna, H. Mark, "Why conservation systems are the right choice this fall" (2005). Integrated Crop Management News. 1405.
The Iowa State University Digital Repository provides access to Integrated Crop Management News for historical purposes only. Users are hereby notified that the content may be inaccurate, out of date, incomplete and/or may not meet the needs and requirements of the user. Users should make their own assessment of the information and whether it is suitable for their intended purpose. For current information on integrated crop management from Iowa State University Extension and Outreach, please visit https://crops.extension.iastate.edu/.


Wear of UHMWPE against Zirconia/Alumina Composite
The sliding wear behavior of ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) was examined on a novel low temperature degradation-free zirconia/alumina composite material and on the conventional ceramics (alumina and zirconia) used for a femoral head in total hip joint replacement. The wear of UHMWPE pins against these ceramic disks was evaluated by performing linear reciprocal sliding and repeat pass rotational sliding tests for one million cycles in a bovine serum. The weight loss of polyethylene against the novel low temperature degradation-free zirconia/alumina composite disks was much less than conventional ceramics for all tests. The mean weight loss of the polyethylene pins was more in the linear reciprocal sliding test than in the repeat pass rotational sliding test for all kinds of disk materials. Neither the coherent transfer film nor the surface damage was observed on the surface of the novel zirconia/alumina composite disks during the test. In conclusion, the novel zirconia/alumina composite leads the least wear of polyethylene among the tested ceramics and demonstrates the potential as the alternative materials for femoral head in total hip joint replacement.
Xingdong Zhang, Junzo Tanaka, Yaoting Yu and Yasuhiko Tabata
K. Y. Lee et al., "Wear of UHMWPE against Zirconia/Alumina Composite", Key Engineering Materials, Vols. 288-289, pp. 625-628, 2005