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.LARS PUli AiTitlfXi
i onducted hySAMUBi/H.S .Tun. :ind printed at the >Hiee ofthe/«mer, to wl arc- r . The annual price, payable in advance, tfl Jive Hollars. Advertisements, not exceeding one . cents, and fcireverv subscqi tioM I \ , an addition of one ' i TO THE EDltoil OF THF. NATIONAL INTELLIGENCE*. Washington, May L4/A, 1809. SIR, The probability that an attempt will be nu-.dc to carry intoexect the project of uniting the Eastern Branch with the Tiber Creek by a na- Canal, having induced a friend of the city to consult the report made in the J 1, to the Commissi . of the Canal, by Mr. Latrobe— passage appealed well worthy of publication at the present moment, at which its force and ti nth xnay I ularly call pro ral interests of the city, l as this parti* ulaf measure. " In looking beyond that period during which this city must be depen dent i neighboring towns lor a the most Hitting articles of commerce,a prospect, of profit in pro portion to the original sum expe opens, the extent of whitbislili only by the provisions of the law.— An enquiry into the future probable in come of the company is in fact au en quiry into the probability of the suc cess of the city. It is the fashion to speak of this success as highly proble- j matical. The ill humor, bred by the j difficulties which the permanent as ! well as the transitory inhabitants of the ' place encounter, colors all the reason- ; ing and ali the feelings of those who ' speak on the subject. It is, I believe, 'Impossible with a single indi vidual who is in perfect good humor when talking of this city. But not withstanding all that has been predict ed, of ruin and desertion, the place has not made one retrogade step. —It goes forward with a silent and low, but with a certaih pace. The consti tution oft - '-i.ishment muslrcr- j tainly he vigorous, which in its first infancy has been able to resist the un- I toward ci :es that nave attend ed itfronn ; ;-n establishment,' that has had to struggle against the ill-digested and ruined undertakings of its principal projectors—against the want ol' - the pro prietors of one liall'oC the soil, and in most instance . sir counter- j action of each oil r, while part of live other halt of the scite re-, ' tnaiued in a state incapable of im- j proveroent, by ' uncer tain pro; ■ the p ' ' , - patro- • nage and the scanty cli public cc - And yet this city, , the very plan and contrivanceof which vvoui t ontain the seeds of va miscarrjag be recog nise'; who have not seen it for : three ye rs ; i ed and ci cd is i. ' ! is in the j nature ahoul ' ! P'd than those are | ivement of the city and the productive Canal de pend mil! ' ! each other. The very wants of the city, merely < dercd as a. collection of inhabited fcouses without c and without manufactures, arc sufficient to autho rize the ttnd ; >y offering at the money ex pended. Bnt when the Canal shall be completed, the city will holdoutln ducements to the settlement of mer -, which at present do not exiat.. Geoi je Town at present has a safe harbor for th am boats, but «mnot be conveniently approached by the shipping that must export the country' p Alexandria on the Other hand, though a good seaport, cant/vot be safely approached by tin light Potomac bo its. When the Ca nal s ing .not labor under their defects. The im p situalion< wih probably be the work of time ; but in its new channels, r a—but it. & WASHINGTON ADVERTISER The Circuit Court of the tX Stales, closed its session in Windsor, Ver-j mont, on the Ilthinst. _ The Grand ■ Jury were in session eight days.— Sixteen Bills of Indictment were found for breaches of the Embargo, Sec. tSQMT'ffM ALIiXAHDRIA IiAJtY ADVIiR- Presuming'upon the interest felt by yourself and the community in the progress of improvement made in rig of sheep, I tike the liberty of g you the fo which was made ou lion of L.a "■'« •"(! Doctor " One Ewe, two years old, having had two lambs, one in each spring of her life, weighed on the hoof UOlbs. wefght of fleece 6 and 3 quarttya—■ A ewe, one year old, weighed 90lbs. fieeceT and 3 quarters—having on Monday last a lamb killed, which weighed, on the boof 70b.. Oae Weather, 85lbs. fleece 8 The ave rage weight of eleven fleeces 6!bs. . I may add, that those sheep have never eat half a gallon of grain of any kind. I cannot conclude this statement, sir, without congratu lating the people of this country up on the undoubted assurance which my experience gives them of their ability to rear sheep inferior to none in the w arid for their purpose. And if the bleeder be encouraged by the ma u facmier, the day may come when posterity will with gratitude to Provi dence celebrate the epoch that gave birth to our infant manufactures and waked to action the Bleeping powers of our beloved country. Respectfully your friend, WILLIAM H. FOOTE. May 20. LITERARY INTfcLI.KiF.NCR. > j A new work of uncommon merit ■ has laiely appeared in London, edited by John Pinkerion, author of modern Geography, Bee. entitled " A gene- j ral collection of voyages and travels: forming a complete history of the ori gin and progress, of diebvery, by see and land, from the earliest ages to the' j present time—Preceded by an histori cal introduction, and ethical catalogue lof hooks of voyages and travels : and rated and adorned with numerous engravings." W r e are authorised to state, that Kimber and Conrad of this City, are making arrangements to publish a handsome edition of this j valuable work. Phil, Jmer. D. Adv. CATTCRIMI.LUtS. We ore sorry to learn that these . ; : destructive insects have again made j ! their appearance, and threaten our orchards, forests and fields with ex tensive ravages. A farmer in the suae ofN. York who had made many experj i ments last year to save his fruit at last hit upon the following ex- | pedient, which he found successiul j •If, and recommended confident- j ids follow citizens. It is to mould a cldk o/ earth, or sod with the dirt : downwards, round the to/i of the trunk jof the tree. This is all. From the ne, they are said to he lp dead from even the re motest limbs until they are destroy ed. Though this project looks un promising, yet as it is very easy very harmless, we hope it may be ge nerally tried. Trenton True Amrr.. May 20. -CIRCULAR TO COLLECTORS. TREASU HY DEPARTMENT, Comptroller** Office, May 16, 1809. —The seventh section of the act, entitled, " An act supplementary to the act, entitled, ' An act laying an Embargo on all ships and vessels in the ports and harbors of the United State-.,' passed the ninth day of Jang ary, 1808. provides, that the time du ring which the act to which this act is a supplement, shall continue in force, shall not be computed as making pa I >f the twelve callcndar months, during which goods, wares or merchandise. imported into the United States, musJ >c re-exported in order to be entitled to a drawback of the duties paid on ::ie importation thereof For your government, I have now to inform you, that, alter the 15th ol March last, the 7th section of the act of the 9th January, 1808, above recit ed, ceased to operate as to all cxpoi as, for benefit of drawback, to any PRINTED BY SAMUEL HARRISON SMITH, PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE^ FRIDAY, MAY 26, 1809. foreign port or place for which it was , lawful for ships or vessels to trade 1 pursuant to the act of Ist March last; | and that it will cease to have any ope ration, on .like exportations to Great Britain, or her dependencies, after the lOth of June next. \ 1 That you may have a clear concep . tion of the meaning of this instruction, , it m w be proper to add, that merchan dise which wis imported on the 22d j February, 1807, can be exported with privilege of,drawback, to any port or place, the trade to which was permit ' ted by the act of Ist. March last, only, until the 15th of the present month ; >because twelve callendar months have •vehfed between the 22d February, - 1307, and 15th May, 1809, exclusive c tim. from the di c of the em law on the 22m December, 1807. and its partial repeal after the 15 h March, 1809. In support of this construction of the law, I shall observe that, the in dulgence granted by the 7th section ol the act of the 9 h of January, 1808 . out of the consideration that ex it stations were prevented by an act of the government, and that as soon as the right to egbort was restored, the reasons vvhich'in.'uc:; i the legis lature to grant the uuiuigcncc ceased to apply SPE|ECH Of the Govcrncr of Connecticut. Gentlemen <f the Council, Mr Sfiea ker, and gentlemen uf the House of Representatives. At our special sessiou in February last, sundry of public business were in contemplation which we had not time then to mature and complete, and which of coursu then 1 y over to another session. Since that and with in a short time, you will have seen a proclamation from h- President of the U. States, annoum ing that the I British orders in council of January ; anc l - r 1807, will have been 'withdrawn, as rcsp- ctr. the U States, on the 'Oihdiy of June next—and de >t after the said 10th day! oi June next, tha trade ofthe United j States wrh Great Britain, which has : been suspended by J: «n act of Con • gress, ttrtefdictibg all commercial :ourse between the United States and Great Briiian and France, and an act laying an embargo on all ships and vessels in the ports and harbors of the United Stales and the acts supplementary thereto, m.iv be renew ed. While we rejoice in this change of circumstances m our exterior re lations, itwillTest, gentlemen, with j y ni ,,. »n to deter- \. mine what further measures, if any,: : will be expedient to adopt at this time, : ibr asserting the claim and securing 'the exercise of future commercial rights, without such durable embar-j ents and interdictions, as have, lately been experienced by the several r.cts of Congress laying an embargo, i and suspending our intercourse with I foreign nations. i The recent events which have OC-i currcrl on the Eastern continent, whereby it would seem that Provi dence is still proceeding in its course, ;of overturning and punishing for sins, the ancient kingdom of Western con tinental Europe, arc calculated to read to us, in these ends of the earth, im portant lessons of wisdom and caution in our conduct ; and may eventually, under the direction of a wise and over ruling influence, b0 the means of pro ducing much political good to this new and extensive continent; and under the guidance of a liberal mag nanimity and sound policy, may serve to nrocure to t'te United Slates many beneficial and estimable effects. But the particular circumstances whichi may arise from these events, are be yond our foresight, and must be left to the future disclosure of a wise and overruling Providence. This state, although furnished with a fine body of able and effective mili tia, is still without magazines of effi cient small arms, with which any portion of these men may be supplied for public service on any emergency. At a time when the world almost is in a state of warlike agitation, is h wise, is it prudent, for us to remain in this unprepared situation for self defence ? Although often alluded to heretofore, I have thought it proper again to submit (his subject to your; serious consideration. And while on j his particular bUbject, it may perhaps j be thought expedienct to extend your i view to the procuring a more name-l II v rous train of field artillery. _ You may also have in contemplation, some different ogranization of our artillery corps ; combined with a different arrangement from the present of our Cavalry. , Many inconveniences and much loss are experienced by our fellow citi zens, from the great influx aad varie ty of bills which arc issued from the j numerous banks of our neighboring states. Some remedy for this evil seems necessary, and would be very desirable. If, as is the case in some other states, no denomination of these bills, under at least five dollars, or i pet haps more, should be permitted to circulate within this state, it might ' aye a salutary effect in correcting .his inconvenience. I beg cave to suggest to the Legis lature the propriety of transmit'ing to the several states in the U M ion, who have reciprocated with us an exchange of their statute laws, each a volume of the late edition of the laws of this state. Not observing any authority for this measure, given in the order made for the distribution of the vo lumes which have been reserved for the sate, I have thought it proper to bring the subject to your recollec tion. A copy of the last annual general returns of ihe o ilitia of th state, tak "in the Adjutant General's effice, will be presented to the Legislature for their use. Sundry public communications arc no W to be made and will be read by the Sccjc JONATHAN TRUMBULL. May Session, 1809. Norfolk. May 19. Captain Goodwin, arrived here yes* terdav in 16 days from St. Bartholo mews, informs, that on the morning of the day on which he lelt that place, Admiral Cochrane, with two line of battle ships, two frigates and a sloop of war, anchored in the harbor, In v 'ngin company a French 74, a prize, o ie of the pquadron that made itsev c ne from the Samtes, ohich be Cap fired a few days before after a running to the northward and westward of Sambarara. The remainder of the French 3hips escaped, ov ing to their superior mailing. The only damage the prize ship received was a few shot j holes iti her hull. i-—i Philadelphia, May 22 By the brig Cerberus, from Cadiz, j Iwe learn the following American yes- J sals were s< 'zed at Cadiz, by Mr. R. : S. Hackley, acting Consul, and to be r,ctit home for trial, on supposition of having evaded the Embargo. Accushant of New Bedford, Vigi lant of New York, Franklin of New- Fork. Very li'tle information that could be relied on, was received from the army ; 'he government taking the greatest care to ptwent the circula lion of intelligence u-favorable to the cause of Spain. Sufficient, however, transpired from time to time, to cause a general belief their affairs were in the most desperate situation. It was certain that the army of La Mancha had been defeated and completely ru mcd, in a series of engagements near Val dePenas, about the end of March. It was also certain, about the same time, that of Estremadura, under Cv esta. had had some very severe en counters, in one of which it suffered greatly, and was understood to have behaved gallantly, The result was not precisely known ; some accounts j saying it was completely defeated and j dispersed, while ethers asserted it to have suffered so little that the general n tended riving another battle in the hope of saving Seville It could not however be doubted that the victors had entered the province of Andalusia after the battle, and it seemed certain that tbty had arrived within from 18 to 20 leagues of Seville. No appre hensions were entertained for Cadi*, that place being remarkably strong; but it was the almost universal opinion to other place in the kingdom, or in Portugal, could long resist. From the latter the last accounts left a French army of 16Q00 at Bruga—tmd the Portuguese on the banks of the Ta ,rllH. A ( v was said to 1 aye been discovered* in which many of the . ; PorluMtesc nobility were concerned, ]to deliver the country to the French ; ' in Consequence of which Gen. Friere | and two of his aids had I the ioldiei paid in AnrANCK. The Marquis de Yrusso had been appointed by the Junta Minister to Brazil, and was to sail for that country in a few weeks. In addition to the above we pre in formed, that many of the French con fined in Cadiz, had died by the . of their imprisonment ; those alive, in cluding the soldiers taken in the field, the French mere* 1 French inhabitants of the town of Cadi; others who had been taken up on sus picion, of being inimical to the Spa nish cause, were shipped off for Mi norca. There was little or nothing said, as ou" informants could learn, of any n>> vcments o the French army along I the Spanish coast of the Meditcrraae ; an. It v> as said at Cadiz, that the whole French army in Spain, did not consist of me c than one hundred a»d twertty or thirty thousand men, for their whole operation in Spain. Ro il, it was understood, was in the mountains between Leon andGaliicia, but had done nothing of any greai. note, not being in so great force as could b wished. In confirmation of the re ports that England and Russia had ad justed their differences, it was Said at Cadil, that orders were received by tl■•; Beet at Lisbon, to treat the Rus sian flag with all the respect due to a friendly power. Extract of a letter from Cadiz, M April. 1809. " Ships ate in great demand: n ly all the vessels in the port are taken up in ihc transport service, to carry the French prisoners to the island of Minorca: the Junta allows abou', or will allow for a ship of 200 tons, £4000 a trip, with a convoy of three or tour ships of the line, and four or five fri gates and sloops of war, with insuring the ship, &c. The French army is stationed at Madrid ; the Spanish and British combined are at Seville. A great battle was fought a few days since; the particulars it is impossible / to learn, although the Spaniards re port it favorable to themselves. They appear in good spirit t here, but any thing unfavorable is never known pub licly, but men of general information appear at times alarmed. It is gene rally reported that the German pow ers have declared war against Bona i parte. The Moors have offered to j the service of Ferdinando the 7th»\ j 50,000 troops completely equipped | A great revolution has taken place j among the Portuguese ; many of their j leading characters have been disco ! vered corresponding with I; they have been generally killed—the government is under a British gene ral, of their own choice. Many of the confidential Spanish officers have gone to Madrid, and joined the French ar my. I fear much the seed of trea chery is too much sown and cherished for the patriots to prosper, without something unforeseen turns up." PUBLIC SVLE. VJLTLIBLE U.XUrP/WVEI) LOTS Iri the city of V/asbinrrton, for sale, at A I tion on the 10th June, 1809, AT RHODES' HOTEL, at 3 o'clock. 5 Lots in sq. 219, Nos. 3, 4, 6, 10 and 11; the two first are situated o:i an eminence in direct view of the President's House with a beautiful prospect of the river Potomac j they are in a very salubrious situation, and excellent water cap be procured at a small expence. For a gentler dwelling house, there is notasu, 1 spot in the whole city. i 3 Lots in sq. 168, Nos. 9, 10 8c 11; the situation of these lots is valuable for business. They lie in the n< borhood of Dr. Ellzcy, Caleb Swarm, John Tayloe and many others; No. 9 is a corner lot, well situated for a store, it being in the thickest settled part of the city and near to the War Office ; the adjoining lots are built on, :5 Lots in sq. 458, Nos. 1, 3, these lots are situated back of Weightmnn'sbook store and Lindsay' B hotel ar.d are contiguous to the pi market. The plat of the foregoing squares and lots can be seen by applying to the subscriber, who will show t. scs. lith SAM..SPF N. B. Thr above prop NO. 1346.


This Week in Music: The xx hit Echo Beach, Billy Talent and Sloan added to NXNE, Primus 3D, UNITY Festival
This Week in Music rounds up the latest news, releases and concerts coming to Toronto.
IN THE NEWS
NXNE adds some huge last-minute shows
The 2013 edition of NXNE is only a week away, and the already-stacked lineup has gotten even beefier. The event's organizers announced in a press release last week that Billy Talent will headline a free outdoor show at Yonge-Dundas Square on Saturday, June 15. Throughout the day, several other bands will also take the stage, including Millencolin, Blinker the Star, Big Black Delta, We Are Scientists, Moon King, and more. It was also announced that Sloan will hit the stage at the Great Hall on June 14, featuring support from Super Friendz, Mike O'Neill, and a DJ set from Ben Gunning. The news wasn't all good, however, as Big Boi, who was scheduled to perform at YDS on June 16, was forced to pull out all of his shows for the next six weeks due to a knee injury. That aside, NXNE is looking like the can't-miss event of the summer. A full festival lineup and schedule can be found here.
Toronto's UNITY Festival returns
The fifth annual UNITY Festival has officially been announced, and some huge names will be making an appearance. The youth-minded hip-hop event, which runs from July 18 to 21 at several venues across the city, will feature a beatboxing competition at the Mod Club on opening day. Rahzel, perhaps the best beatboxer of all time, will take the stage after the competition. On July 20, which is National UNITY Day, Talib Kweli will headline an outdoor show at Yonge-Dundas Square, alongside Toronto MC Rich Kidd. Full details on the festival's events and shows can be found at the official website.
THIS WEEK'S HOT TICKETS
THURSDAY JUNE 6 / THE XX / ECHO BEACH / 909 LAKESHORE W / $59.50 - $99.50 / ALL AGES
Britsh indie-rockers The xx will hit the stage at Echo Beach on Thursday, kicking off what should be an awesome summer of outdoor concerts in the city. While I kinda think that the ticket price is a bit steep, The xx is definitely a band worth seeing live, especially at a venue like Echo Beach - if you haven't been there, you owe it to yourself to check it out. Grizzly Bear will also be performing, so this is guaranteed to be a night of warm, early summer winds and great tunes.
FRIDAY JUNE 7 / PRIMUS / DANFORTH MUSIC HALL / 147 DANFORTH / $40.75 - $50.75 / ALL AGES
I'm not a huge fan of Primus - I admit that I don't really "get" their style of music, but they're a band that has a rabid fanbase, so they must be doing something right. They've released seven albums, the most recent being 2011's Green Naugahyde, and have been touring regularly since reforming in 2010. What sets this tour apart from all the rest, however, is that it's in 3D...yeah, I'm not sure how that's going to work, either. It features "quad surround sound," and audience members will be given 3D glasses that will supposedly enhance the performance. Seems a bit gimmicky to me, but if you're a fan of the band, you'll probably dig it.
RECENTLY ANNOUNCED CONCERTS
WHAT WE GOT UP TO LAST WEEK
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Women's Sperry Leather Boat Thong Sandals. Stay on the shore or walk in the waves with the Sperry Riverside! Simple style + boat accents combine for a sandal that not only helps you look the part, but also ensures you keep your "sea legs" with razor cut Wave-Siping ™ for ultimate wet and dry traction!
Cushioned footbed for added comfort
Nautical-inspired lacing details
Embossed logo detail
Soft fabric lining
Nylon toe post
Non-marking rubber outsole with Wave-Siping™ for ultimate wet/dry traction

domain: design


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An exciting adventure series set during the French and Indian War.
Ticonderoga tells the story of Captain William Taylor and his Mohawk scout Degadawidah who are charged to escort Captain Carlton Campbell of the 42nd Highlanders through the dangerous lands of the Huron to Fort Edward, where the British are making plans to march on the French held Ticonderoga. On the journey they meet young orphan Adam Cobbs who receives a baptism by fire in the harsh and bloody wilderness of New York State.
With drums beating and bagpipes wailing, Ticonderoga is a musket blasting adventure on the epic scale that The Colonial Radio Theatre has become known for.
©2012 Jerry Robbins (P)2012 Brilliance Audio, Inc.
Lock, Stock, and Barrel. Ticonderoga is a perfect introduction to the French & Indian War.
One of the most memorable moments in Ticonderoga is when the boy Adam realizes what is in the well, and how it effects his life. And how lucky he is to be in the company of men who understand. Brilliantly done CRT.
Captain William Taylor performed by Jerry Robbins is my favorite. I can most identify with the character's leadership and how he handles situations and men. I'm a former military man and Mr. Robbins did a thorough and realistic job of portraying his character.
Woods Dark and Furious.
This CRT production has a high replay factor. Excellent for long trips, either in the car or on foot.
The whole recording is great but the final battle had me running for cover. Turn up the surround and be ready for a unique experience
If you like Colonial Radio Theater this is the best! If you like adventure and excitement with history thrown in then this is for you. Love it
The story and acting were all horrible. It felt like an after school special version of an audible book. It included silly dialogue and stilted acting.
Have less ridiculous dialogue that was less like a bad 1970's tv special.
The actors playing the part seemed to have an odd style. This was not really so much a narration as an acting with sound effects thrown in. It was jarringly poorly done.
I prefer a story read by talented actors to something acted out as a TV story without visuals.
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domain: entertainment


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Tapestry weavers spend many of their beginning years acquiring the skills that enable them to take their images successfully from the mind’s eye to the loom. Many of the weaving techniques become almost automatic. Others can be filed away and used under special circumstances. Weaving small tapestries can shift the focus onto the development of these more specific skills. In small work every pass and pick can be refined and stretched to gain the ultimate in expression. Slits are only one example of these refinements.
Flemish tapestry weaving of faces and hands in the fifteenth century used slits to define subtle areas of contour around features like eyes, lids and eyebrows and to create wrinkles and knuckles. In a similar way slits can be used as fine lines to define the drawing of a form. In “The Pink Hotel” slits are used to define the fingers of the hand.
“The Pink Hotel,” detail.
Slits can be used to create fine steep or vertical lines. When a pick of darker thread is put on top of each step as a steep angle is built, the eye will read slit and pick as a part of the same stepped line. “Eve” illustrates one example of using this technique to divide the arm from the body.
“Eve,” 19.5″ x 7.5.”
Slits can also be manipulated and shaped like the “bad” edges of a beginner’s tapestry. This technique creates subtle curves and angles in areas where stepping over to the next warp would result in a square step rather than a graceful curve. This is especially crucial on a miniature piece, where the viewer is naturally drawn to every minute detail of the work.
Control of this valuable technique in order to maintain a good surface depends upon one’s ability to change the warp sett (spacing) gradually in a section and then change it back again. Therefore, it is most successful over longer vertical angles. Figure 3 shows how this technique can be used to create a curved shape. Look carefully at the nose and neck areas.
“Profile in Yellow,” 6″ x 2.5.”
Pushing the limit of shaped slits to the extreme presents a new way of weaving a very steep angle without the usual visible steps. This experimental method works best over long vertical shapes. Harder spun wefts are easier to control than soft ones. There is also an advantage, from the beginning, in having the space between the warps slightly wider than the warps themselves; having more space will make bending and manipulation easier. Because the process is quite simple and logical, it requires only practice to understand and acquire control.
Adding refined techniques such as these to the basic repertoire of shape building techniques can enhance any tapestry weaver’s work. The use of these methods allows ideas to be explored and expressed more fully within the confines of traditional tapestry weaving.
How to create shaped slits
(right) Repeat until the area is totally filled in.

domain: artistic


Size isn’t the only punishing metric we routinely apply to each other and ourselves, writes Julie Wittes Schlack. It’s just the one that’s still socially acceptable.
Boston College High School offers an exceptional educational opportunity, writes alumnus Paul La Camera. It's time to make sure this opportunity is available to girls as well as boys.
If we are really experiencing a “coming-of-age crisis,” we might look to systemic inequality before wondering whatever happened to personal grit and resilience, writes Sari Edelstein.
We have a workplace culture that has never adapted to the reality of two-working-parent families, writes Joanna Weiss.
With so many chefs not represented by Team USA, writes Joshua Lewin, I am left wondering what message we are sending the world about the true richness of America's culinary landscape.
It's important, writes Layla Schlack, for those of us who claim to be progressive, anti-racist, feminist, pro-equal rights, to understand what it's like not being part of the dominant culture.
It’s an ugly world out there, full of bullies. Sometimes, it takes a nasty woman to stand up to them.
I can’t sleep at night, writes Cloe Axelson. I’m having nightmares. I’ve been drinking too much wine. I can’t concentrate at work.
The journalist who has outed the author of the Neapolitan quartet, writes Janna Malamud Smith, has served as a policeman of the patriarchal order -- identifying a free woman and putting her in her place.
What’s shocking is how little effort he’s made to control himself as a candidate, writes Steve Almond.
Writer Naomi Shulman on walking with her daughter through a harassing world.
Whatever other narratives the media peddles about the DNC, in the end it will boil down to a single speech, the one in which Hillary Clinton lays out her case for presidency.
In the spring of 1982, as women were fighting for passage of the Equal Rights Amendment, the author was fighting to be let onto a Japanese fishing vessel to do her job as a reporter at sea.
We need to teach our daughters and our sons that consent is sacrosanct. That there are consequences to violating it.
Does parenting style tell us everything we need to know about a candidate?
In an effort to root out single gender organizations, Harvard deals a blow to its students' civil liberties.
As a Sports Illustrated reporter in the '70s, Ludtke was often the only woman in the press box. She writes that what women endure to do their jobs today sounds all too familiar to her -- only worse.
A woman lands on the $20 bill just as paper money becomes obsolete. That sounds about right.
In his long-awaited apostolic exhortation, the pope underscores that one's own internal compass must take center stage in moral reckoning.
Taking the NBA and NCAA to task for their tepid response to the North Carolina law that limits protections for the LGBT community.


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This is GN Oki wod Alur living in Kampala Uganda,home base is Pakwach town. i do afro dancehall music, hiphop, song writer and a music performer. iam a born from a christian background and God fearing. hot Cool boy GN Oki.
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Tar Removers Application
Unveiling the Magic of Anti Adhesive Agents: A Robust Solution for Bitumen and Tar prevention to sticking
What are Anti Adhesive Agents for Bitumen and Tar Removal?
In the roads construction asphalt industry, the battle against stubborn deposits like bitumen, asphalt, and tar residues has led to the development of innovative solutions. Tar removers, known as anti adhesive agents or anti sticking agents, have emerged as game-changers that offer an effective and sustainable approach to preventing these persistent substances from accumulating on surfaces.
These detergents also referred to as tar removers, asphalt removers, and bitumen removers, play a crucial role in maintaining the integrity and longevity of roads in construction and maintenance.
Advantages of Asphalt Removers:
Effective Prevention to Sticking: Anti adhesive agents excel at breaking down stubborn bitumen, asphalt, and tar residues.
Preservation of Surfaces: These detergents are formulated to target residues without causing damage to the underlying road surface.
Time and Labor Saving: Using tar removers can significantly reduce the manual effort and time required for removal compared to traditional methods.
Environmental Impact: Many modern adhesion promoters are designed to be biodegradable and environmentally responsible, minimizing their impact on ecosystems.
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Scientists in a Victoria lab are working on a vaccine and treatment for COVID-19, as the number of cases on the Island and around the world continues to climb.
Staff at ImmunoPrecise in Victoria and the Netherlands are trying to determine how the virus is spreading and mutating in order to prevent further spread and treat people already infected.
Their work involves generating an antibody that has a broad ability to treat people, said CEO Jennifer Bath, because the virus is mutating quickly. “It turns out it’s mutating faster than we thought, and there’s more than one strain,” said Bath, who has a PhD in cellular and molecular biology with a specialty in vaccine and therapeutic design.
That makes their work a little more complicated than a typical vaccine and treatment, which usually works by exposing a person’s immune system to a portion of a virus. The exposure causes the body to produce antibodies that recognize the foreign molecule, and leads to immunity to future exposure.
The goal at ImmunoPrecise is to develop a vaccine that can stay ahead of the virus’s ability to mutate and remain effective for a long period, which means identifying multiple portions of the novel coronavirus to use in a vaccine.
ImmunoPrecise is one of several companies working toward a vaccine and treatment. Bath said most others are trying to find a way to block the virus from binding to a human cell. Her team is looking at multiple approaches to address the outbreak.
“Any time you have this sort of a virus outbreak, you have a patient population that’s not been exposed to it, essentially the human population begins to place selective pressures on the virus and the virus then begins to mutate,” Bath said. “It becomes an evolutionary race for the virus.”
The team has recently added artificial intelligence to the mix, which enables them to predict and mimic the evolution of the virus and better understand it.
Bath said the company started work on the project in early February and took time to gather data on the novel coronavirus and the disease it causes to work toward a universally effective vaccine and treatment. The company’s work is being conducted by subsidiary Talem Therapeutics, which has previously worked on cancer treatment.
It’s hard to put a timeline on when a vaccine or treatment might be ready, but Bath said if all goes well, a treatment could be in clinical trials within a year. A vaccine will likely take longer, she said.
With so many people working on a solution globally, Bath is confident both will become available at some point. “People should have good confidence that a vaccine and a therapeutic will arrive on the market that will be available, probably initially, to higher-risk individuals,” she said.
Until then, Bath encourages everyone to continue following the advice of public health officials to limit contact with other people, avoid crowds, wash hands frequently and stay home when even the slightest bit sick.
“Those protective measures have already shown to work in other countries,” she said. “There’s no reason for people to panic.”

domain: medical


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Gothic Twilight Couture – H Harness with Crystals for Men – Exclusive to FAB.LONDON – Vegan
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Japan's Auto Output Up 9.8 Pct in May
Tokyo, June 27 (Jiji Press)--Combined automobile output in Japan by eight major domestic makers in May rose 9.8 pct from a year earlier to 753,572 units, data from the companies revealed Thursday.
Supported by the positive effects of new model launches, Subaru Corp.'s <7270> production climbed 14.9 pct, its first increase in 10 months. The company has been curbing production in the wake of a scandal over its inappropriate vehicle inspections.
Toyota Motor Corp.'s <7203> output rose 23.1 pct thanks to the rollout of new Corolla sedans and wagons for the North American market in January.
Production at Honda Motor Co. <7267> grew 18.2 pct thanks to new model launches. Daihatsu Motor Co.'s production rose 12.3 pct.
Nissan Motor Co. <7201> saw its output fall 18.6 pct, reflecting a drop in exports to North America amid sluggish sales in the United States. Suzuki Motor Corp.'s <7269> output fell 3.0 pct, its first drop in two months.
[Copyright The Jiji Press, Ltd.]


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What’s Life Like For Christians?
Violence remains the most prevalent threat in Nigeria. Christians are attacked indiscriminately and brutally in northern Nigeria, and the violence has now spread to the south.
Groups such as Boko Haram and Fulani extremists inflict murder, physical injury, abduction, and sexual violence on their victims. Christians are dispossessed of their land and their means of livelihood. Many live as internally displaced people or refugees.
Abductions for ransom have increased considerably over recent years, including the abduction of church leaders. Christian women and girls may be subjected to sexual harassment and forced marriage.
In the Sharia states of northern Nigeria, Christians face discrimination and exclusion as second-class citizens. Christians from a Muslim background also face rejection from their own families, pressure to give up Christianity, and often physical violence.

domain: sociology


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This design is a hanger which can adjust the shouder difference.
This way can solve the problem that traditional hanger couldn't fit all kids of clothes.
Recycled PVC material can be used repeated,so it is very eco-friendly.


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Table of Contents
It is truthful to say that Apple ( AAPL -2.72% ), Disney ( DIS -.01% ), and AT&T ( T -.30% ) will be making headlines this 7 days, even nevertheless people current market bellwethers posted their newest quarterly reviews months in the past. All 3 are hosting displays this week, and the market place will be having to pay notice.
Apple is hosting a media occasion on Tuesday. Disney follows with its yearly shareholder assembly on Wednesday. AT&T will update buyers on Friday. Let’s take a closer appear at how these a few gatherings could condition the market this week.
Apple’s Tuesday celebration
It truly is important not to get our hopes up as we head into Apple’s media party in California on Tuesday morning. The world’s most beneficial organization by current market cap has traditionally produced its juiciest Apple iphone and MacBook updates in the slide. Tuesday’s big expose will very likely be a refresh of its entry-stage Apple iphone SE smartphone. The organization may also clearly show off tweaks to some of its Macs and tablets, but Apple activities held at this time of the yr are unlikely to be needle-movers.
The fantastic information for shareholders is that anticipations are previously fairly low for Apple this year. The class act of Cupertino has been functioning on 3-calendar year cycles lately. It burst via with double-digit proportion profits progress in the course of fiscal 2012, 2015, 2018, and 2021, and every single of the previously surges was adopted by a two-year lull, reflecting the gap in between big Apple iphone updates. Analysts are anticipating 8% prime-line advancement this fiscal year just after a 19% soar very last 12 months. Apple could quite nicely rewrite the script and surprise the market place in a good way on Tuesday, but offered the negligible anticipations heading into the media event, it is unlikely to disappoint.
Disney’s Wednesday celebration
Shareholder conferences are commonly ho-hum affairs, but there’s practically nothing that Disney does that does not catch the attention of interest. The media giant is hosting its yearly gathering of buyers, but the digital event will be streamed for everyone who wants to verify it out. There are a handful of shareholder proposals on the agenda regarding Disney’s selecting, lobbying, and conference techniques, but those people hardly ever get sufficient traction to prevail in proxy votes.
All 11 of Disney’s board users are also up for re-election, and that is where by issues may possibly get appealing. Disney was the worst performer of the Dow 30 previous 12 months, and that might make some traders hesitant to simply rubber-stamp the boardroom for another time period. Some theme park fans have also began lobbying to get CEO Bob Chapek eliminated from the board of administrators following the company’s latest theme park moves, but that effort and hard work also is unlikely to succeed. The value hikes and premium add-ons at Disney’s iconic gated attractions may well be irritating diehard enthusiasts, but they also take place to be part of the explanation why the segment is now working at close to-file levels. It will however be fascinating to see Chapek fares in the voting in contrast to his fellow board members.
AT&T’s Friday occasion
We will near out the 7 days with AT&T attempting to achieve out and touch anyone. The telecom giant hosts its Analyst & Trader Working day on Friday morning. The principal goal of the event will be to present updates on its small business system and cash allocation options.
AT&T shook the sector previous calendar year when it introduced that it would be spinning off its HBO-helmed WarnerMedia business enterprise. The organization has been unwinding some of its most significant acquisitions, and buyers are anxious about the dividend, which will be slashed the moment the transaction is entire, and what AT&T will glimpse like afterward.
It is not as if AT&T has been performing so fantastic in its latest point out. Income has declined in again-to-again yrs, and the promise of the 5G revolution as a expansion driver for its flagship wireless organization has however to materialize. With AT&T’s inventory value in close proximity to a multiyear reduced, the organization requires to make a relationship with much more than just its prospects.
This article signifies the viewpoint of the author, who may disagree with the “official” recommendation posture of a Motley Idiot top quality advisory company. We’re motley! Questioning an investing thesis – even a person of our very own – allows us all believe critically about investing and make decisions that help us become smarter, happier, and richer.

domain: news


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Sunday, December 04, 2005
I am using Jacob's Room as the second novel in my paper and I came to the part in the novel about the Scilly Isles and how they "shake the very foundations of scepticism and lead to jokes about God" (42). I remember you had said something in lecture that provided a lot of insight into this passage and I can't remember exactly what it was, perhaps you could remind me?Well, on the principles of the Freudianity which underlies "Jacob's Room," laughter is in part how human beings react to uncomfortable encroachment or threats or perceived danger to deeply-seated beliefs & values. In the jargon of Freud, this is covered under the concept of tabou. Thus, where the rises of the Scilly Isles invoke the sense of the noumenal which similar British phenomena are recorded to have done through so much of the nation's literature and folk tales, forms of disbelief (such as scepticism) among vestigal Victorian and Edwardian casts of mind are challenged. One result of this, then, is internal discomfort, impinging on the individual's idea of God -- still strong by virtue of its historical foundation in the national character -- and producing uncomfortable jokes as a (Freudian) means of dealing with the inner dis-ease.
Saturday, December 03, 2005
Well, we won't do that, but remember that if you bring a fiver to class Monday we can at least salute the trench dead with a shared lunch of fish & chips - or just chips - & who knows what all, and a bottle of Bass ....
Update: And the historical toast offered was ....
Our Valiant Dead, & God Save the Queen!
Monday, November 28, 2005
Here is Kirsty's helpful presentation bibliography on conscientious objectors.
Anyone who has material from their class presentation that they would be willing to have blogged, please email it along.
Works Cited and Referenced
Conscientious Objection: <http://www.ppu.org.uk/learn/infodocs/cos/st_co_wwone1.html#unwilling>.
Conscientious Objectors: <http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/conscientious_objectors.htm>.
Cruttwell, C.R.M.F. A History of the Great War 1914-1918. 2nd Ed. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1964. p.238.
Edmonds, Brigadier-General Sir James E. compiled. A Short History of World War One. New York: Greenwood Press, 1968. p.24.
First World War.com – Encyclopedia – U.K. Military Service Act: http://www.firstworldwar.com/atoz/ukconscription.htm>.
First World War.com – Encyclopedia – Conscientious Objectors: http://www.firstworldwar.com/atoz/conscientiousobjectors.htm>.
Hart, B.H. Liddell. History of the First World War. London: Cassell and Co. Ltd., 1970. p.269.
Hayes, Carlton J.H. A Brief History of the Great War. New York: The MacMillain Co., 1929. pp.147, 310.
Sunday, November 27, 2005
Update: Re. Wikipedia, see this NYT article on "Rewriting History: Snared in the Web of a Wikipedia Liar."
This supports the caution given repeatedly now in lecture that particular care is needed when making moral attributions of British individuals and their social and political systems, due to the uneven and deceptive way that the views of Edwardian individuals and the social systems that they manifest map onto our own political categories and assumptions. We have seen this, of course, in examples such as opposition to Free Trade coming from the Tory position exemplified by Madox Ford's character Christopher Tietjens in Parade's End
From a succinct and comprehensive article in the online Telegraph at the death of the odious Hitlerite Diana Mosley:
One of the funny, charming, intelligent and glamorous Mitford sisters; a denizen of the "Hons' cupboard''; a dedicatee of Vile Bodies; a beautiful woman whom Churchill called "Dinamite''; an inspired interior decorator; a steadfast friend to a wide galère (including some Jews); a fine autobiographer and loving mother; yet Diana Mosley was also a woman who could - when she was inadvisedly invited to appear on Desert Island Discs - describe Adolf Hitler in almost wholly positive terms.When Evelyn Waugh dedicated Vile Bodies to Bryan and Diana Guinness, the future Lady Mosely was still married to the likeable Guinness heir -- later a novelist, playwrite and poet -- and one of society's belles. This was a decade before she would abandon the future 2nd Baron Moyne and, in Joseph Goebbels' front room with Adolf Hitler the Best Man, marry Sir Oswald Mosley; founder and head of the British Union of Fascists; ordinary hero and wounded veteran of the Trenches; buffoon; sycophant; imitator; rank traitor who would have been shot had he not been English and thus forced to suffer, for him, fate worse than death -- his countrymen's derisory farce, ridicule, mockery and lampoon (indeed, imortalised in ignomy by the Master, P.G. Wodehouse.)
Next week (our final class) will consider Herbert Read's astonishing "The End of a War" along with several of the translated German War poets from Georg Heym on p.238 to Yval Goll to p.255
Thursday, November 24, 2005
When you do visit another group's blog, why not leave them a comment to say you've been, and any compliments and suggestions that you may have. That would be blogosphere synergy: an aggregate of individuals improving the quality of the larger system.
Sunday, November 20, 2005
Friday, November 18, 2005
Here is a link or three to some blogging of mine on How to Blog Effectively.
Wednesday, November 16, 2005
- Sorrows of Satan and The General can be said to account for Britain's conduct, if not very participation, in World War One as being consequent upon certain prevalent social facts. Incorporating one of the poems studied in class into your analysis, explain with express reference to lecture and seminar discussion how Marie Corelli and C.S. Forester transmuted this idea into literature.
- Parade's End and Jacob's Room are historically significant works in the construction of literary Modernism. Both books incorporate new and varied techniques of fiction in an attempt to speak the unspeakable -- the effects of World War One on its survivors. Using one or more of the poems discussed in class as counter-text, elaborate upon your specific contributions to seminar discussions either for or against the success and aesthetic appeal of the Modernist project that Virginia Woolf and Ford Madox Ford set for themselves.
- Pat Barker makes the point in her Regeneration trilogy that the First World War can be understood as a traditionally British masculine affair gone cruelly wrong, as the rush to manly adventure became in the trenches four wasting years of, in her words, "feminine passivity." Using the particular facts of biography presented in lecture, discuss how the lives and personalities of Marie Corelli and Virginia Woolf influenced their distinctly female fictions in relation to the Great War.
- Shell shock has been a recurrring theme in our course engagement with the fiction of World War One. Limiting your argument to ideas raised in class, explain how Evelyn Waugh's Vile Bodies engages shell shock, with one other course novel and any of the course poetry used as counter-point in your literary analysis.
Monday, November 14, 2005
Friday, November 11, 2005
On the two minutes silence:
On the eleventh hour of the eleventh day of the eleventh month in 1918 the guns of Europe fell silent. After four years of the most bitter and devastating fighting, The Great War was finally over. The Armistice was signed at 5am in a railway carriage in the Forest of Compiegne, France on November 11, 1918. Six hours later, at 11am, the war ended ....
All locomotion should cease, so that, in perfect stillness, the thoughts of everyone may be concentrated on reverent remembrance of the glorious dead.
Tuesday, November 08, 2005
Click the diagramme below for a full-size version of the author's matrix of some of the possible uses of blogs in education.
Monday, November 07, 2005
More cases, by the bye, of Canada creeping steadily away from Britain and toward the United States ....
Nb: in recent years, Britain has introduced a two minutes silence on November 11th, when all offices, government, factories, schools, &c, are encouraged to volutarily observe two minutes silence at 11:00 am in memoriam.
[Ms. McKinnon was good enough to take the trouble to honour my request for elaboration of her piquant polemical parentheses to her academic presentation on British propaganda in support of World War One. She blogs delightfully, thus.]"This is just a quick blog to cover some of my more personal objections to the use of propaganda during WWI which were not included in the body of my presentation on the 31st of october.
My first frustration with the propaganda machine of the British is that it used some of the most gifted minds of writers and artists to manipulate the British people, particularly young men. Authors such as Bennett, Conan Doyle, and Kipling were sent over to view "real" trench-warfare and lie to their public and I find that disgusting.
My presentation divided propaganda into several categories of my own devising, with which I will list my objections:
- Peer Pressure: This involved the classic attempt to make any man feel like "less than nothing" by insinuating that he is the only man not man enough to go to war. It invoves degrading men infront of their peers and family and forcing them to support the effort as that is supposedly synonymous with helping friends and family.
- Backward Notion of Warfare: Many of the propaganda posters of the era said things like "Forward to Victory!" while using antiquated notions of warfare to depict life in the trenches. Men on horses, and knights slaying dragons, were meant to be accurate representations of what war in the trenches would be like. This kind of thinking was what drove generals to murder millions of their own men in mass slaughter while pushing for a "break through". It is what destroyed the youth of multiple nations. It is one of the most
terrifying instances if misrepresentation in propaganda as the thinking behind it killed millions of innocents.
- Appeal to British Sympathies and Shame: This category includes visions of 'brave little Belgium' and the "What did you do in the Great War Daddy?" poster. Charity is one of the major Christian values used in Britain, even today, to manipulate the masses. It was used to pull Britain into the war to protect other, weaker nations - with this, I have little problem. Shaming a man into going to war by implying that his children may be ashamed of him later if he does not is a reprehensible act. The sense of pride in a good British workman would not stand up to such attacks, nor would his body to the rapidly fired enemy bullets. What a shameful use of tactics!
- Demonisation of the Germans: These posters only really bother me because I feel that their influence can still be felt today. In war, it is necessary to demonise the enemy, but in the form of propaganda it is also dangerous as the images are not as easily erased from the human mind as they are torn off walls.
The point is - propaganda did more than help the nation, it bled the nation until there was naught left to bleed. It falsified, to an astonishing degree, the realities of life at the front, and extended the chasm between home and the front itself. Soldiers were coming home to a different world and many found themselves unable to fit in where they had left, and unable to reconcile what they had seen with civilian visions of the war. Shame threatened by pro-war posters mutated into the guilt of war, the guilt of surving...I wonder how many would have held off volunteering, how many more would have lived, how much more life would have been valued...if not for the betrayal of the propaganda office.... "
Update 2: An excellent website "Poetry of the First World War" here.
Because we lose a week of the term due to the Thanksgiving holiday, we will be working through selections of the Great War poetry from our Penguin anthology gradually during the remaining weeks of the term.
If you have any favourites from your own reading, please let me know by e-mail & we can enjoy and study them as a class.
Thursday, November 03, 2005
Talking to a classfellow in an Office Hour this week, it came to me that attributing a cause to the War is not an empirical or academical problem, but a historical-conceptual failure to use the term "cause" properly.
Before the putative Enlightenment, it was understood that there are four causes, delineated by Aristotle in his Physics, that together explain an event.
- Material cause: the physical properties involved.
- Formal cause: the aggregate of underlying properties which amount to its unique identity.
- Efficient cause: the initial motion or action which began the event.
- Final cause: the event's function or purpose -- its end.)
Take a simple illustrative example. I am about to pot the black in a game of snooker. Thwack! It's in; I win yet again. Material cause is the solid constrution of the table, balls, &c.: if the cue ball were tissue and the black jello, the event (the potting of the black) would not take place. Formal cause is the rules of billiards, the shape of the table, cue, rack, and all the other contributing elements that shape and frame -- i.e. that form -- the event. Efficient cause, of course, is the mechanics behind the cue hitting the cue ball. And final cause is Stephen Ogden winning the match and having his universal supremacy at billiards re-affirmed for posterity . Or something like that.
Applying, then, the robust pre-Enlightenment concept of causation to the problem of how and why the First World War began we see at once its great explanatory power as well as the relative feebleness of the Englightenment's shrunken understanding of "cause". The killing of Archduke Franz Ferdinand by an inept Bosnian terrorist is efficient cause of the First World War: and a good efficient cause it is. But being stuck in Englightenment-Cause thinking has trapped the generations of post-War scholars in an impossible search for more, or for bigger, or for better efficient causes: impossible, because no efficient cause and no amount or quality of efficient causes can ever fully explain an event. Now, of course, if the event should happen to be small enough, and if the mind contemplating the case be sufficiently bereft of imagination (or, it might be said, of rigour), then an efficient cause can seem adequate. But events on a large or more significant scale reveal the impotence of the Enlightenment-Cause model.
Material cause of the War includes 1914 Europe's demographics, military technology & ordnance, national-geographical, and perhaps the crossover network of treaties in effect. Its formal cause can be summed up as the ethnic, cultural and political histories of the nations and Empires involved. And final cause is ..... well, final cause is for each historian, historiographer and theologian to decide and to argue individually.
Ford Madox Ford in Parade's End puts one conviction of WWI's final cause -- the Tories' -- into the mouth of the protagonist Christopher Tietjens; and that would be the altruism of England. Tietjens is Ford's literary manifestation of Tory England, so when it is said of him that "....it is, in fact, asking for trouble if you are more altruist than the society that surrounds you," [Penguin, 207] it is actually England that has asked for trouble (and will, in fact, be smashed -- insofar as its Tory character is concerned) by entering the War altruistically to defend the "surrounding" societies of the Belgians and the French primarily for the sake of (to Madox Ford, cricket-inspired) Duty.
[Tietjens'] mind was at rest because there was going to be a war. From the first moment of his reading the paragraph about the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand he had known that, calmly and with assurance. Had he imagined that this country would come in he would not have known a mind at rest. He loved this country for the run of the hills, the shape of its elm trees and the way the heather, running uphill to the skyline, meets the blue of the heavens. War for this country could only mean humiliation, spreading under the sunlight, an almost invisible pall over the elms, the hills, the heather, like the vapour that spread from .... oh, Middlesbrough! .... But of war for us [i.e. Britain] he had no fear. He saw our Ministry sitting tight till the opportune moment, and then grabbing a French channel port or a few German colonies as the price of neutrality.
You each will, I trust, be able to advance your own final cause of the War with our course under your belt ....
And to conclude, there was indeed no "cause" for the First World War: but there were, as for everything, four causes.
Update: Click this link for a typical school history attempting to explain the First World War in terms limited to efficient causes. It is actually a fairly sophisticated attempt of its type, differentiating as it does between "long term" and "short term" [efficient] causes.
Monday, October 31, 2005
Yet, that being said, in my estimation, Ford has done what only literary genius proper can do: craft his art into a delightfully, trippingly, captivatingly readable narrative. Now, admittedly I have loved Edwardian fiction from youth, brought a passionate conviction that the absolute horror of First World War shaped our own world down to the smallest cultural effect (not the so-called butterfly effect but the rogue moon, Deep Impact asteroid-collision effect;) and allow, even encourage, the distortions caused by my Yorkshire diaspora to influence my reading. But still, Parade's End is simple & varied, fast-paced, engagingly clever, suspenseful and arousing, and a real tale of a love triangle between three alluring chracters.
In a phrase, it is not Ulysses -- though Madox Ford was instrumental in the successful creation, advocacy and defence of Joyce's cause celebre. Now we have completed our three-week study of Parade's End, we have, I believe, a very strong sense of the Great War in its historical context; of the political and social nexus that created and prolonged trench warfare; of the timbre of the men -- mass millions yet discretely individual -- who, if they did not die or lie smashed, fought for four years amid rats, gas and shell-shock, up to their necks in mud; of the character of an Age, dead and discredited, but with much, if seen advisedly and from a charitable prospect, to commend it and to admire.
The lectures on Parade's End sought to make the larger work accessible by concentrating on its binding themes: the history, characteristics and fate of English Toryism; the literary devices, techniques and methods of Madox Ford's vanguard modernism; the operation of Freudianism in the text; and the manifold binaries represented by Tietjens and Sylvia -- repression & impulse; Sadism in its clinical sense & continence on principle; Roman Catholicism & Anglicanism; promiscuity & monogamy; Whigism & traditionalism; id & super-ego, etc. etc.
Please be encouraged to add your comments (either signed or anonymous) to this post on your assessment of our engagement with Parade's End.
Anger has made the English an ugly race. But then this anger is also the source of England’s most admirable achievement — their heroic self-control. It’s the daily struggle of not giving in to their natural inclination to run amok with a cricket bat, to spit and bite in a crowded tearoom, that I admire most in the English. It’s not what they are, but their ability to suppress what they are, that’s great about the English.The article goes on, very helpfully, to relate this to English humour and England's beligerant attitude toward all, repeat all, non-English countries; having its greatest intensity for its closest neighbours (Scots & Irish, certainly; but first and best, the French):
English comedy is war by other means and it still is the actual last war. The rest of Europe looks on with growing exasperation and incomprehension at the English’s ability endlessly to bait the Germans for losing the war and consistently tease the French for losing it as well .... English humour is the sound of the bullies.And, as if to oblige, this article appears in today's press bringing this point home empirically.
Eighty-six percent of people in Britain aged 18 to 30 think the French deserve "a popular negative stereotype," suggests an opinion pollUpdate: The above, all perfectly true, notwithstanding, it leaves unmentioned a peculiar paradox. That is, that the English are highly tolerant of non-English within England. Here is a remark from the French manager of a one of London's top football clubs, Arsenal FC:
conducted for an Anglo-French art show in London .... "British people should face up to the fact that they have an enormous problem when it comes to the French," said exhibition organiser Richard Kaye, a Brition resident in France. "The British will make jokes about the French which would, if made to the detriment of other national or ethnic groups, be considered extremely racist and dangerous."
When I came to England, I was happy to come and be confronted with the English culture, where the owners of the clubs were English and they opened the door to foreign people .... [But now] it looks more like foreign people are buying the clubs and employing English people .... it's a change and it's very important that the values of the game remain as they were before - respected and admired everywhere.London is far and away the most multi-ethnic city in Europe, yet race violence is quite rare. When it did occur -- Brixton in the early 80s -- everyone seemed to agree that it was not cricket and moved on. Football hooliganism, for instance, is between club supporters at home, and that even mere preparation for real hooliganism -- against European countries during International matches.
Part of this attitude derives from the ethos exemplified by Speakers' Corner: click here for a Canadian article from this past weekend on the current threat posed by New Labour legislation to the British public commons' speech tradition.
Quite delightfully from the perspective of our course, the "UK Religious Hatred Bill" will possibly be defeated by the last place on Earth where Parade's End Toryism may be found -- that is, the House of Lords. And of course Blackadder is campaigning against the Bill ....
Update: Well, when I read this headline today I thought I had blogged too soon on racial toleration in England. However, "Race Row Stuns Kop" ("the kop" is the home supporters end at Anfield - Liverpool FC's ground) refers to a visiting player racially abusing one of the Liverpool's black players.
Friday, October 28, 2005
From the left, you heard this nearly verbatim in our opening lecture:
It is now conventional wisdom that the First World War and its senseless, unimaginable slaughter was the Ur-catastrophe of the last century. It brutalized a Europe that before 1914, though deeply flawed by injustice and arrogance, also contained the promise of great emancipatory movements, championing the demands for social justice, for equality, for women’s emancipation, for all of human rights. The war radicalized Europe; without it, there would have been no Bolshevism and no Fascism. In the postwar climate and in the defeated and self-deceived Germany, National Socialism flourished and ultimately made it possible for Hitler to establish the most popular, the most murderous, the most seductive and the most repressive regime of the last century.From the right, an analogy between England before, after and during the First World War with the United States of America today:
At the beginning of the 20th century, the British Empire was an unopposed hyperpower (much as the United States has been since 1989). As historian Colin Cross observes: "In terms of influence it was the only world power" .... But after the conclusion of the first World War, Britain's imperial psyche began to fracture" .... Why did it all crumble? Several interrelated reasons - among them the grisly fact that England had lost virtually an entire generation of future leaders in the trenches of Europe. But another important cause was the waning of confidence on the part of liberal British elites .... In an important sense, the British Empire's strength failed because its elite liberal citizens stopped believing in it.Most pertinent for us in the article from which this quotation is taken -- most especially in relation to Ford Madox Ford's Parade's End -- is the writer's premis (and our own course's thesis!) that England was irrecoverably ruined by the First World War: the Great War, that is, still directly effects all that is English -- its literature very much included.
Thursday, October 27, 2005
An excellent illustration of their politically canny -- and electorally successful -- method of applying Whig ideology by using Tory language is their current "Schools White Paper." The Labour party's own description is here: the populist tabloid The Sun describes the proposals this way:
Kids to Pick the Teachers: Pupils as young as 11 will help hire their own teachers under a huge education shake-up unveiled yesterday.As I say, Christopher Tietjens' (& Henry Ryecroft's) England is divided from Blair's Cool Brittania by a fissure in the Parade of Time ....
As it happens, Arts & Letters Daily today features this article from left wing writer David Sirota which berates the equivalent centre-left party in America (i.e. the Democrats) for, in effect, not cloning Tony Blair. Blair, by the bye, would win virtually by acclamation were he to run for the American presidency.
Wednesday, October 26, 2005
N.b. I'll see if I can get online access to the original article that sparked the exchange through our Library.
Tuesday, October 25, 2005
All group members should have two or three preliminary posts each and a growing level of familiarity with blogger.com
Blog posts do not have to be long; nor need they be discursive. As a rough estimate, three posts per week per person is a good average, and only one of these every two weeks need be significantly lengthy - that is, an extended reflection on some aspect of your blog focus. Shorter posts can be done in an idle five, ten or fifteen minute break among regular computer time.
You will be graded on the variety, frequency, even distribution among group members, relevancy, and imagination of your posts. Simply make a note when an idea or connection arises related to your theme and them make a quick blog entry.
In five years or so, students will be blogging frustrations, excitements, and requests for collaborative assistance while writing course assignments ....
Monday, October 24, 2005
Specifically, it was asked how it can possible for a contemporary Western reader (possessing what I call triumphant Whig mentality) to read Ford Madox Ford's literary representation of "the last Tory" sympathetically, when Ford was purposely portraying a type cut off from our present by the absolute fissure that was World War One.
Now, this post from my Japanese literature course presents one way of approach, mapped by C.S. Lewis in his Discarded Image.
The concept from Romanticism that escaped me on the spot in seminar, and which I offered as a solution to this problem, is Keats' negative capability (I had Eliot's "objective correlative" in mind -- pertinent to Parade's End in another context -- blocking Mr. Keats from my mental foreground!) Here are the pertinent sentences from a letter of Keats':
Brown and Dilke walked with me and back from the Christmas pantomime. I had not a dispute but a disquisition, with Dilke on various subjects; several things dove-tailed in my mind, and at once it struck me what quality went to form a Man of achievement, especially in Literature, and which Shakespeare possessed so enormously - I mean Negative Capability, that is, when a man is capable of being in uncertainties, mysteries, doubts, without any irritable reaching after fact and reason-Coleridge, for instance, would let go by a fine isolated verisimilitude caught from the Penetralium of mystery, from being incapable of remaining content with half-knowledge. This pursued through volumes would perhaps take us no further than this, that with a great poet the sense of Beauty overcomes every other consideration, or rather obliterates all consideration. [My emphases.]
Again, my compliments and gratitude to you all.
Friday, October 21, 2005
Here are two examples.
The perennial and deep-rooted English attitude that all the world's troubles are ultimately the result of French perfidity or decadence is evident in Marxist literary critic Terry Eagleton's new book Holy Terror. The left-wing (formerly Manchester) Guardian describes Eagleton as "the High Priest of Lit Crit .... a Catholic-turned-Marxist from a working-class background." Nonetheless, Eagleton's thesis in Holy Terror is that "Terrorism itself may be a new concept – it arose with modernity in the French revolution."
And in general, the English perennially fret about decadence. Theodore Dalrymple merely continues a type. And it's in the water there. Madonna - yes, that Madonna - has now married an Englishman and is evolving herself into a model of English country life propriety: literally, modelling herself on the cover of Ladies Home Journal.
The English press have re-christened her with the very English name "Madge." And in due course she has delivered a screed against .... decadence: "Madonna warns how people 'are going to go to hell, if they don't turn from their wicked behavior;" protests that "most priests are gay;" and, waxing eschatological, declares that "'The Beast' is the modern world that we live in."
And it is like way that the English class system, so strong a concern in our course texts, will persist despite official policy designed to eradicate it.
Monday, October 17, 2005
1.] “Tempest, if there is one human being more than any other that I utterly abhor, it is the type of man so common to the present time, the man who huddles his own loathly vices under a cloak of assumed broad-mindedness and virtue. Such a one will even deify the loss of chastity in woman by the name of “purity” – because he knows that it is by her moral and physical ruin alone that he can gratify his brutal lusts. Rather than be such a sanctimonious coward I would openly proclaim myself vile!”
This execration from Satan in persona Rimanez is arguably the quintessential passage of Sorrows of Satan. Analyse the significance of three telescoping levels. One, fully unpack the moralism on its straightforward reading. Two, explain its significance as a Demonic doctrine, according to Correlli’s characterization of the Prince of Darkness in the novel. And three, suggest how Corelli applied the passage as an indictment of the state of Edwardian England leading up to the singularity of the First World War.
2.] C.S. Forester and Ford Madox Ford both have superlative genius as raconteurs. Rare among storytellers, however, both are also writers of high literary quality. Select one passage from The General and explain how what seems to be pure storytelling in addition demonstrates elite literary technique, and one passage from Parade’s End which exemplifies High Modernist esoterica but is at the same time roustabout tale-telling such as would lighten a watch of soldiery under eighteen hours of bombardment in a rat-run trench.
3.] Parade’s End is a tour de force of literary modernism which contains multitudes. It has plausibly been praised by writers of unimpeachable calibre as the finest fictional representation of the First World War. From your reading of the tetralogy select any two passages which support this claim and detail, with entirely open possibilities, the literary means by which Ford accomplishes this. This is an “Open-topic”question.
Thursday, October 13, 2005
Tuesday, October 11, 2005
Forester's achievement in The General is to combine readability, character portayal, historiography, lament and caution in artistic balance. Having read the novel, one forever feels that an insight into the Great War has been gained, an opinion created, and an interest piqued.
But, over to you .....
Update: the comments so far are of an astonishing calibre. read for your edification, & by all means add your own (even it pre-empts your essay argument!)
Click through to the pop up menu and select from various types of material. Best for me was the now-digitised archive of Film from the Great War.
Friday, October 07, 2005
One of the best literary treatments of the First World War is The Great War and Modern Memory by Paul Fussell. Its "Dedication" says much:
Fussell has written a recounting and reflection on the Great War through the mind of a literary scholar. Though unique, this succeeds brilliantly -- the book won the 1976 National Book Award and the National Book Critics Circle Award -- by uniting in a seamless whole the facts of history, the research and sensitivity of of a literary scholary and the literary power of the great poets and novelists of the war. A brief account here gives the flavour
To the memory of
Technical Sergeant Edward Keith Hudson, ASN 36548772
Co. F, 419th Infantry
Killed beside me in France
March 15, 1945
A copy is on course Reserve.
Wednesday, October 05, 2005
As I see it, we have come a long way and have made a very effective use of our time & effort. From a beginning of tabula rasa concerning the First World War years, we now have a good grounding in salient issues of the period preceeding, the specific character of trench warfare, and a sense of engagement with its peculiar horrors and their nearly universal reach in the world that the Great War brought into being - our world.
We will complete our engagement with Forester's The General in the first half of our next class together and begin Madox Ford's Parade's End. Your reading of this substantial work will perhaps be assisted by an awareness that the author has written a self-consciously modernist text - and you will need to calibrate your stance as a reader accordingly.
Saturday, October 01, 2005
It has as much and more than one needs for a very good understanding of the Great War: I will be linking to specific sections from it, with comment, over the term (crediting the original in each instance.)
I note happily, for instance, that in a press release on her scholarship, Dr. MacCallum-Stewart supports our incorporation of Blackadder Goes Forth as a very valuable and accurate evocation of the First World War soldiery:
Rowan Atkinson's Blackadder offers a more accurate social view of the soldier's experience of Wrld War One than poets such as Wilfred Owen, according to new research.
This book is not about heroes. English Poetry is not yet fit to speak of them. Nor is it about deeds, or lands, nor anything about glory, honour, might,majesty, dominion, or power, except war. Above all I am not concerned with Poetry. My subject is War, and the pity of War. The Poetry is in the pity. Yet these elegies are to this generation in no sense consolatory. They maybe to the next. All a poet can do today is warn. That is why true Poets must be truthful.
~Wilfred Owen, from a preface to a planned book of his poetry.
Friday, September 30, 2005
There will be no effect on grading for your preference of length beyond the five minute minimum.
As I said passingly in the last lecture, the Edwardian era enjoyed a nostalgia moment in the seventies. The word "dude, originally popularised in the Edwardian age (etymology here) attained its present-day popularity in the seventies.
See also In Search of Blandings on course reserve.
Wednesday, September 28, 2005
A short tutorial on setting up a blog will be given in the Library on Monday October 3rd. At this time you will be assigned to a Group.
The manner of approach to, and treatment of, your text is entirely for you to decide. This assignment offers you the opportunity to enhance, challenge or re-invent the specific focus of both the lectures and your seminar discussions.
The grading criteria are the scope, originality, inventiveness and literary insight of the accumulated blog entries. Technical proficiency will not be graded, but of course you are free to use any mechanical technique you wish. I will publish all the Groups' blog addesses on the Course blog and you are encouraged to solicit advice & criticism from the whole class throughout the course of the semester. Open collaboration is one great strength of blogging: some scholars, for instance, post parts of articles or even books in the blogosphere for criticism and correction before publication.
Of course, I am available for expert consultation: in person during Office Hours, and online most times.
Because this is a Group project, you will find that synergy will soon animate and enlived the assignment. I offer the suggestion that each Group assign responsibilities to members based on individual proficiencies and preferences. For instance, in principle, only one member need do the mechanics of posting the collaborative entries. There will be one group grade for all members.
I will take a snapshot of your blog on the day of the last seminar of the term and use that for grading: however I will look in regularly throughout the term as a means to, shall we say, encourage you not to leave the whole enterprise until the last minute. The experience of blogging regularly for a couple of months will, I believe, be its own benefit to you down the years.
This strain within the traditional British character (it is, historically, intertwined with Christianity) is important to understand if one wishes a full understanding of the Edwardians' (in general) and Marie Corelli's (in particular) reaction to the Deacadent movement. One small example is Gilbert & Sullivan's satiric operetta on aestheticism, entitled Patience. You'll be familiar with its immortal lines:
If you're anxious for to shine in the high aesthetic line / as
a man of culture rare ... And ev'ryone will say / As you walk your flow'ry way, / "If he's content with a vegetable love which would certainly not suit me, / Why, what a most particularly pure young man / this pure young man must be!"
Monday, September 26, 2005
Update: please feel free to use any types of aid, media or format that you prefer. The only criterion in this regard is effectiveness.
Update 2: again, the specific format of your presentation is for you to decide. If I might offer a recommendation, one effective method would be to use the last minute of your presentation to state your opinion on the connection of your chosen topic to the literature of our period.
Update 3: the five minute time limit will be strictly enforced - from both sides. This is a discipline that will prove effective in many future practical applications.
Update 4: another recommendation is that you use the opportunity to develop your oral presentation skills. Design and incorporate techniques which give your presentation its greatest effectiveness. As always, of course, I am available for consultation ...
The choice of topic is entirely up to you: your only criterion in addition to that of relevancy as stated above is that you find it intriguing. Select your topic from any one of three areas:
- Pre-War: the Edwardian age.
- The War: 1914-1918
- The aftermath: 1919-1945
Some illustrative examples of specific topics, all with direct relevancy to the period literature, within these three areas are as follow:
Pre-War: country life; the Decadents; individual Edwardian authors; Winston Churchill in the Boer War; the Aesthetes; French absinthism; the English Music Hall age; Edwardian scandal; Darwinism and the myth of Progress; the "Little Englander" controversy; Jeeves and Bertie Wooster; London in the 1910s; fin de siecle; bluestockings and the New Woman; King Edward VII.
The War: life in the trenches; war poetry; women and the War; casualty rates; masculinity in the Great War; the conscription issue; the Somme; Lawrence of Arabia; War paintings; politics and Prime Ministers; war propaganda and censorship; Gas warfare; the causes of the War; shell-shock; the aristocracy in the war; the Christmas truce; war experiences of specific authors; war invalids; the Red Baron and the Sopwith Camel.
The Aftermath: post-war lives of individual authors; the Versailles treaty; Georgian poets; Adolf Schicklgruber - wounded German army corporal, gas victim and impecunious painter; literary modernism; depression in Britain; the Balfour Declaration - British Empire and the Palestine Question; Winston Churchill, the wilderness years; anti-semitism in Britain; decline of Empire; King George V.
Saturday, September 24, 2005
The narrator, Paul Gross, has this to say elsewhere about his engagement with the War:
Paul Gross has never been able to forget watching his grandfather die.
"He went completely out of his mind at the end. He started telling me about a hideous event that happened during a skirmish in a little ruined town in World War I. He'd killed someone in a miserable, horrible way and that had obviously haunted him throughout the rest of his life. As my grandfather died, in his mind he was back in that town, trying to find a German boy whom he'd bayonetted in the forehead. He'd lived with that memory all his life - and he was of a time when people kept things to themselves. When he finally told the story, it really affected me and I've
not been able to get it out of my head." Unable to rid himself of the tale, Paul decided to put it down on paper. It is now a screenplay which he hopes to be able to turn into a film.
Now Magazine (UK), 11 June 1998
Thursday, September 22, 2005
The caution is a fair and, in the general case a valuable, one. Example could be multiplied. Even in the New Testament warning is given:
 This know also, that in the last days perilous times shall come.  For men shall be lovers of their own selves, covetous, boasters, proud, blasphemers, disobedient to parents, unthankful, unholy,  Without natural affection, trucebreakers, false accusers, incontinent, fierce, despisers of those that are good,  Traitors, heady, highminded, lovers of pleasures more than lovers of God;  Having a form of godliness, but denying the power thereof: from such turn away. [II Timothy 3.]Indeed, the argument I made earlier in the lecture was that History is a process of reaction, with each current denouncing its predecessor - frequently special pleading by label: "The Enlightenment" & "the Dark Ages;" and not to forget "Modernism."
Yet, for all that, among the Victorians was an obsession with they perceived as a crisis of degeneracy unique in its degree and different in its kind. To give a slightly trivial example, the tang of degeneration is part of the piquancy contributing to the enormous popularity of the Sherlock Holmes stories. A much better piece of evidence is ... Marie Corelli! The unmatched popularity of her fiction and its immediate and uniform concern with degeneracy is very strong testimony to the zeitgeist. I own a copy of one of the better scholarly treatments of the matter,
Degeneration, Culture, and the Novel, 1880-1940 by William Greenslade, which I will put on course reserve.
Reasons for the obsession with degeneracy among Victorians, one that cut across class, sex and income, are manifold and over-determining. Ordinary fin de siecle consequences are of course important. Additionally, a technological explosion had originally driven the Industrial Revolution which at once created a working class and forced it into urban concentrations. The resulting slums throughout the proliferating major cities -- Manchester, Bradford, Leeds, Birmingham, Newcastle, &c. -- ignored hygiene and bred disease and ignored social welbeing and bred vice: gambling, prostitution, brawling and drunkenness. Victorian England was the high water mark of Methodism and Evangelicism and its crusade for social reformation was uniquely intense. Slavery and child labour were abolished; fourteen-hour factory work days were reduced for women; prisons and hospitals, through campaigners such as Elizabeth Fry and Florence Nightingale, were made more humane. The Salvation Army campaigned to counter alcoholism and other vices. And the ever-intensifying technology of the Industrail revolution was turned, by reformers, to improve drainage, sewage and potable water systems.
To this social atmosphere I would add an element that I have not yet fully defined nor mapped the origins of (beyond its evolutionary connection to Puritanism), but which amounts to an aesthetic, emotional and an erotic preference for hid delights. It can be contrasted with an Age -- such as ours perhaps -- which prefers things revealed and decries restraint. The Victorians were titillated, and comforted, by what was known to exist but was draped from universal sight.
Add to this the intellectual earthquake which was Darwinism: a theory taken as a justification for progress and improvement -- the progress and improvement, that is, which is so much the character of Victorianism. The intellectual climate, then, produced a cast of mind which can be termed, not merely progressivist, but outright perfectibilian.
These, and indeed other, aspects of the Victorian Age, then, made it intensely (I don't say uniquely) expressive when developments which are comprehensibly termed "degeneracy" became evident. And thus it has become a commonplace among scholars of the Nineteenth Century to take obsession with degeneracy as a salient characteristic of the times.
Monday, September 19, 2005
Johnson suddenly began to speak of subordination, then of fame, of wealth, and finally of war. Johnson observed provocatively, "Every man thinks meanly of himself for not having been a soldier, or not having been [a sailor with hard service] at sea." Boswell pointed out that "Lord Mansfield did not." But Johnson denied it by saying that if Lord Mansfield were present when Generals and Admirals were talking together, "he would shrink; he'd wish to creep under the table." Boswell denied this also.This attitude, which underlies the war poetry of Rupert Brooke, is manifest in Owen and Sassoon - albeit in individual ways - at the time of their entlistment, and which speaks to the performative model of British masculinity universal before the great war, is an important explanans for many of the tensions and paradoxes in their war poems - the ultimate clause in Sassoon's Lamentations for instance; and, indeed, Owen's Apologia Pro Poemate Meo.
Finally, in exasperation, Johnson replied to Boswell, "No, Sir; were Socrates and Charles the Twelfth of Sweden both present in any company, and Socrates to say, 'Follow me, and hear a lecture on philosophy;' and Charles, laying his hand on his sword, to say, 'Follow me, and dethrone the Czar;' a man would be ashamed to follow Socrates. Sir, the impression is universal; yet it is strange."
Nb: To what degree this applies to contemporary Canadian culture is a question for the individual to determine.
Sunday, September 18, 2005
To Robert Nichols
A Working Party
'The rank stench of those bodies haunts me still
Prelude: The Troops
Does it Matter?
Glory of Women
Repression of War Experience
Dulce Et Decorum Est
Anthem for Doomed Youth
Apologia Pro Poemate Meo
From 'Wild with All Regrets'
Smile, Smile, Smile
Saturday, September 17, 2005
Wednesday, September 14, 2005
Novels should be read for at least the first time on the following schedule. The Poetry will be read passim and schedule announced in class: one week is dedicated for a concentrated study of the singular phenomenon of the War poets.
Marie Corelli - The Sorrows of Satan
C.S. Forester - The General
Ford Maddox Ford - Parade's End
Virginia Woolf - Jacob's Room
Evelyn Waugh - Vile Bodies
Penguin Book of First World War Poetry
Review and Wrap-Up
See support material available on Library Reserve.
Assignment Deadlines: Nb. There is a 3% per day late penalty for assignments, documented medical or bereavement leave excepted.
1. Mid term paper, two thousand words: due October 31st at midnight in the Instructor's Department mailbox. Assignment sheet with suggested topics will be handed out in lecture on October 17th. Criteria will include literary analysis, engagement with course themes and writing mechanics.
2. Group e-text project: in collaboration with the Course Instructor, create a web log dedicated to a distinct topic the works from the course reading list. Groups set & assignment sheet handed out September 26th. Seminar time will be set aside throughout the term to work with the Instructor on this project
3. Individual class presentation: schedule and assignment sheet handed out in seminar. A five minute presentation on one of a choice of topics to be blogged, with five minutes more for class response. Five minutes is a firm limit: the Instructor will blow the whistle ....
4. Final Paper, three thousand five hundred words: due December 8th at midnight in the Instructor's Department mailbox.
The course is working toward an understanding of the imaginative effect of the First World War on British Literature to 1945. The novels on the course reading list are all masterpieces by authors of wide credibility which have, in the main, sunk from common view by accidents of history. The novels are embellished by selections from the great poets of the Great War. The approach to the fiction involves reading them in their historical context and from a close analysis of the literary techniques they manifest.
Course requirement weighting:
10% Course participation
10% Seminar presentation
20% Group blogging project
20% Mid-term paper (approx. 2000 words)
40% Final Paper (approx. 3500 words)
Nb: “Participation requires both participation in seminar and attendance and punctuality at lecture and seminar."
Office Hours: Tuesday and Thursday, 13:30 – 14:20, and by appointment, in rm 6094. Also email@example.com and http://firstworldwarlit.blogspot.com. Use campus mail accounts only for email contact, please.

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