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The author of The Flush Times of Alabama and Mississippi, 1 Joseph Glover Baldwin (1815-1864), has long been underrated and considered “an overlooked personality in Southern life” (Farish 1935, p.41), despite the fact that he was a very successful jurist and the most accomplished figure in the literary school of Southwestern humour. The truth remains that none of the Southwestern humorists, and possibly nineteenth-century American writers, was a more avid reader or more consciously literary than Baldwin. Although the vast majority of the Southwestern humorists embraced in the 1830s and ’40s the recently established Whig party in order to oppose Jacksonian Democracy, none of them surpassed Baldwin in defending Southern Whiggery and its support of slavery and obsession with order. None of his fellow humorists showed more clearly the hybrid nature of Southwestern humour – Baldwin always mixed humour, journalism, social history, personal nostalgia, memoir, law life, literature, essay, and frontier tall tale. He focussed more on stylistic attributes to be found in the eighteenth-century British essay and in Washington Irving, such as the gentlemanly style which employs an encyclopaedic knowledge, a moral, patronising tone, and a pedantic language full of references and allusions to a diversity of real and literary characters. On no other occasion in his masterpiece Flush Times is this more obvious than in the introductory paragraph of the first sketch, “Ovid Bolus, Esq., Attorney at Law and Solicitor in Chancery”:
And what history of that halcyon period, ranging from the year of Grace, 1835, to 1837; that golden era, when shinplasters were the sole currency; when bank-bills were “as thick as Autumn leaves in Vallambrosa,” and credit was a franchise,—what history of those times would be complete, that left out the name of Ovid Bolus? As well write the biography of Prince Hal, and forebear all mention of Falstaff. In law phrase, the thing would be a “deed without a name,” and void; a most unpardonable casus omissus [case of omission] (Baldwin 1987, p.1, Baldwin’s italics).
“Flush Times” is a p hrase coined by Baldwin himself in reference to the “general spirit of speculation and the conduct of business on credit in the years just prior to the national economic collapse of 1837” (Justus 1987, p.xxv). The entertaining description of the “Flush Times” era (1835-1837), besides the early comparison between Ovid Bolus and Shakespeare’s comic character Falstaff, creates a humorous, albeit gentlemanly, tone. It also generates a nostalgic impulse which, deriving power from the narrator’s obvious monetary interest in the period, sets itself strongly against the more serious impulse of narrating social history. In Flush Times , Baldwin uses the services of an authorial persona as genteel narrator and social historian. Through this fictive persona, Baldwin extensively employs and tirelessly sells his encyclopaedic knowledge of history, law, literature and languages. He occasionally uses legal Latin in an attempt to indicate his aristocratic Virginian background and legal education, and prove his membership of the Alabama plantation class to which the freshly licensed lawyer lifted himself shortly after migrating from Virginia in 1835 to the rawer Old Southwest. It was the allure of fortune that drew the twenty-year-old to the recently opened areas on both sides of the Mississippi River, then known as the “Southwest.”
Baldwin was only twenty-one when he first showed an interest in politics and delivered his first speech in support of the Whig party, which was organised by Henry Clay and Daniel Webster in 1834 to oppose the controversial economic practices of Democratic President Andrew Jackson (Watson 1992, p.259). Baldwin’s marriage in 1840 to the daughter of a noted Alabama judge and planter was actually a cleverly taken step that lifted him to the plantation class, established him as a respected attorney, and got him elected as a Whig member of Alabama legislature in 1843. The political recognition he received continued to be local until he was elected a delegate to the Whig National Convention of 1848, which met in Philadelphia to name the Whig candidate for the presidency. Although Baldwin left Alabama with Henry Clay in mind, he and other Alabama delegates eventually changed their minds and voted for Zachary Taylor, due to reasons of expediency and availability. The all-of-a-sudden “fully whigged ” Taylor won the South the presidential elections of 1849 (McMillan 1959, p.370). The honour Baldwin received from his delegation increased his Whig prestige, and in 1849 he was nominated the Whig candidate for Congress. 2 However, his loss to his Democratic opponent by only a narrow margin disheartened him a great deal and proved to be the turning point in his personal life and professional career. He could not easily reconcile himself to his first political disappointment, which was amplified by Taylor’s death after one year in service. Baldwin’s consequent actions were marred by instability, rashness and lack of concentration. In 1850 he dissolved a fourteen-year successfully running partnership, drawn by a more lucrative one. Dissolving partnerships became a pattern in 1853, one year before Baldwin permanently left Alabama for California, following the outbreak of the Kansas-Nebraska conflict which instantly resulted in the disintegration of the Whig party. It should be emphasised, however, that Baldwin had been trying between 1850 and 1853 to compose himself and consciously deal with his Congressional loss as the end of his political career in Alabama. He did not manage to do so until he eventually decided to find other mediums through which he could exert influence on public matters and continue promoting himself as a fervent defender of Southern Whiggery. He realised that nothing would better serve his purpose than reaching the peak of his legal profession – to which he now devoted all his time – and reviving his interest in writing, a pastime he had adjourned fifteen years before.
Baldwin did have a quick and decent return to writing although he wrote “in haste, under the pressure of professional engagements and amidst constant interruptions” (Baldwin 1987, p.vi). 3 He did not bother to look for subject matter because the chaotic Flush Times, which he had experienced firsthand upon his arrival on the Southern frontier fourteen years before, had all but passed, consequently lending themselves to Whig analysis and agenda. Desiring that their memories not be lost and aspiring to be “the Macaulay of his age” (Current-Garcia 1952, p.123), 4 Baldwin decided to recreate the moment in writing, motivated by his Whig sympathies, personal nostalgia, and the interest of a social historian who adopted the republican belief that history is the great source of political wisdom (Grammer 1993, pp.10-11). Thus, in 1850 he began to pen his experiences in the legal profession as humorous autobiographical and pseudo-biographical sketches, historical essays, short anecdotes, and serious biographical essays on leading Whig politicians. Seventeen of these items were among the twenty-six pieces collected in The Flush Times of Alabama and Mississippi , a hodgepodge now considered “the most heterogeneous single work of Southwestern humor [which] documents the fitful and often futile attempts of lawyers and, to a lesser extent, politicians to impose order upon a chaotic frontier” (Flora & Mackethan 2002, p.847). Flush Times ended up the most richly textured volume and the last significant example of the Whig manner in Southwestern humour. The memoir truly deserved to have been considered a classic a few decades after its publication.
In the course of writing Flush Times , Baldwin accumulated huge debts and held fictive dialogues with his proslavery Whig fellows in Southwestern humour. By building on their numerous and various literary efforts and consciously altering them in a way that involved his legal perspective and Republican vision, Baldwin endeavoured to avoid being classified as another rollicking frontier humorist. This is manifest in his historical and nostalgic motifs, his moralistic tone, his self-satire and comedy of frustration, his opening up to the vernacular, his pecuniary interest in the “Flush Times,” his fanaticism about slavery, and his comic depiction and treatment of the Old Southwest as a social and legal circus. In attempting to capture the idiosyncrasies of a region undergoing the toilsome transformation from mayhem to civilisation, Baldwin produced a riveting memoir of a lawless and colourful era in American history, painting a “gallery of daubs” (Baldwin 1987, p.284): dishonest lawyers, unlettered judges, incompetent prosecutors and ruthless confidence men. He also raised intriguing questions of identity and verisimilitude, which enhanced the book’s immediate appeal. It remains true that the popularity of the collection is mainly attributable to the success of the authorial narrator, who undoubtedly has the most complex and powerful presence in Flush Times . His elegance and sophisticated allusiveness, besides the moral transformation he achieves by the middle of the book, serve as a kind of redemption for the “Flush Times” and his dubious involvement in it. It is interesting to observe how Baldwin introduces and treats his authorial persona. In the pseudo-biographical sketch “My First Appearance at the Bar,” Baldwin’s persona, who is shown as an enthusiastic young lawyer, draws himself as a butt of court humour and is meaningfully introduced at the end of the sketch as a sugar planter named J.C.R. (Baldwin 1987, p.46), a set of initials Baldwin never accounted for. He concludes the sketch by describing with tongue in cheek how he reluctantly started taking part in the collective chaos, following an irrelevant embarrassing situation in court, which revealed his dubious involvement in writing a love poem and sending it to a sweetheart. 5
It was in 1852 that Baldwin sent to the prestigious magazine Southern Literary Messenger his first sketch, which he made the opening sketch in Flush Times a year later , “Ovid Bolus, Esq., Attorney at Law and Solicitor in Chancery.” The title character is introduced as a handsome lawyer who had many vices, but the leading one that gained him most notoriety was the fact that he “was a natural liar, just as some horses are natural pacers, and some dogs natural setters” (Baldwin 1987, p.3). Bolus, the Whiggish persona/historian continues, was a “great Ly ric artist” (Baldwin 1987, p.14), who lived and moved in a sphere of poetry and “had long since settled all disputes with his conscience … A lie never ran away with him, as it is apt to do with young performers: he could always manage and guide it; and to have seen him fairly mounted, would have given you some idea of the polished elegance of D’Orsay, and the superb ménage of Murat” (Baldwin 1987, p.15). Clearly, Bolus’s lying is dignified by contrasting him to young passable liars and, more importantly, bestowing elegance on his art via connections made to widely celebrated artists.
“Ovid Bolus” is the best chosen name for the best-known and most versatile character Baldwin ever created in Flush Times . The forename is a conscious allusion to the Roman poet Ovid – an attempt to establish that this quintessential fraud is a master of metamorphoses. The surname, which implies a throw of the dice in Latin, conjoins verbal excess (hyperbole), gambling and speculation (Schmitz 1977, pp.473-4). 6 Although Baldwin’s is a didactic form of humour, his authorial persona regards his dangerous con artist humorously. The narrator is not only hideously fascinated by the financial boom of “Flush Times” but also charmed by Bolus’s artistry. However, at one point in the sketch, the prevailing humorous tone of admiration suddenly turns into one of scorn and moralising which, though conveyed under a veil of humour, succeeds in anticipating a moral ending to the sketch. This is when the narrator relates an incident in which Bolus stole a tract of land worth $1600 merely by means of law and without employing his genius. 7 Despite this volcanic moral eruption, Baldwin’s narrator continues to regard this frontier liar with ambivalence because the likes of Bolus had to lie in order to vanquish the cruel reality of existence which marked the early days on the frontier (Schmitz 1977, pp.474, 478). On one occasion, he subconsciously attempts to do Bolus some justice. 8 Baldwin’s humorous treatment of Bolus is largely a cover for his emotional engagement; the writer sympathises with his character and still remembers how shrewdness was a prerequisite to live in the “Flush Times” society.
We are told that despite all his vices, Bolus always succeeded in drawing the new country’s loose population around him “as the magnet draws iron fillings” (Baldwin 1987, p.7). This is because his lying is not only lingual; he acts lies as well, taking advantage of his charming figure, striking conviviality, fluent diction, humour, shrewdness, Homer- and Ariel-like ubiquity, 9 and free-handed manner, which impress the population “as the bounty of Caesar the loafing commonalty of Rome” (Baldwin 1987, p.7). Nothing, the Whiggish authorial voice continues – beginning to intimate solutions – could stop Bolus from having golden days in the so-called ‘society’ around him:
What pious joy it gave him to see the days of the good Samaritan return, and the hard hand of avarice relax its grasp on land and negroes, pork and clothes, beneath the soft speeches and kind promises of future rewards—blending in the act the three cardinal virtues, Faith, Hope, and Charity; while, in the result, the chief of these three was Charity! (Baldwin 1987, p.5)
Baldwin’s intricate, richly decorated style enables him to construct the sketch skilfully and draw Bolus as a very complex character, a medium which is cleverly and carefully charged with a multiplicity of symbolic, historical, religious and political significances. Metaphorically speaking, Bolus is intended to stand for the figure of Raw Inflation which took hold of the national economy prior and during the “Flush Times” and subsequently led to the financial panic of 1837, which made the nation suffer a severe economic depression. This was the result of the controversial fiscal actions President Andrew Jackson executed during his two terms (1829-1837). The Whigs, as Baldwin attempts to demonstrate in Flush Times , were particularly incensed by Jackson’s decision to “ democratize capital” (Baldwin 1987, p.82) by replacing gold and silver currencies with rags (paper money) and placing federal funds in the vaults of so-called pet banks, mainly under the direction of Democratic bankers, rather than with the more reliable Bank of the United States. 10 Jackson also launched, in 1832, a forceful war against the Second Bank of the United States, which he accused of servicing the “aristocratic parasites” only.
Baldwin, who shared with many contemporary historians and politicians the belief that the actual effect of President Jackson’s banking policy was to destabilise the nation’s currency and to provide help and comfort to bankers friendly to Jackson, soon embraced the Whig party, which formed in 1834 in order to fight what Henry Clay and his followers called the “tyranny” of “King Andrew I” and his unconstitutional behaviour. Jackson did remove the federal deposits from the Central Bank and distribute them in various state banks. By doing so, he broke forever the periodic solidity and careful balance, and disrupted the harmony of traditional social values all over America after Raw Inflation had taken hold and furnished a fertile ground for speculation, fraud and a full tide of litigation (Schmitz 1977, pp.474-5). Thus, somewhere between 1835 and 1837, the Jacksonian mistake/lie as Baldwin and others saw it, created Ovid Bolus, who symbolises not only Jacksonian Inflation but also the existence of numerous parties in the 1830s and the tragic impact this had had on 1850s America.
Schmitz (1977, p.474) has rightly argued that although Baldwin was harshly critical of Jacksonian politics, he appears to have been seduced by the very things he condemns in the sketch: flushed prose, flush times, the Jacksonian mistake and the lie. Baldwin does look divided against himself in attacking Jacksonian inflation; his language appears to be lenient to some extent. However, he never takes in his book a conciliatory line toward the figure of Jackson and the Abolitionist North. Following his Whig fellow in Southwestern humour Johnson Jones Hooper, Baldwin establishes connections between his confidence man’s fornication and Jackson’s conduct, so that Bolus’s lying be seen as the epitome of Jacksonian speech (Schmitz 1977, p.478). First, he uses Bolus to mock the North for its relentless support of the Abolitionist movement. Baldwin’s narrator says, “[Bolus’s] bills at the groceries were as long as John Q. Adams’ Abolition petition, or, if pasted together, would have matched the great Chartist memorial” (Baldwin 1987, pp.7-8). In the same context, the only time Bolus is seen to be genuine about something is when the Whiggish narrator recounts an incident in which Bolus truly demonstrated a profound, unmoved loyalty to the Southern Cause. We are told that Bolus once courted a girl whom he wanted to marry but broke up the match when her father, an old sea captain from Boston, Massachusetts, insisted on Bolus’s setting his slaves free and taking five thousand dollars apiece for the loss. But “ Bolus’s love for the ‘peculiar institution’ wouldn’t stand it. Rather than submit to such degradation, Ovid broke off the match, and left Sallie broken-hearted” (Baldwin 1987, p.10). It should be emphasised that Baldwin was similar to Hooper in being a proslavery Whig and planter, who thought of slavery as a prerequisite to maintain order in what both writers saw as a feudal society in the South.
Baldwin’s forceful diatribe against Jackson climaxes in “Ovid Bolus” when the Whiggish persona ironically elevates Bolus to the prestigious national level to which Jackson had risen after successfully fighting the British, the Indians and the Spanish. Bolus, we are told, established himself in national and international politics and conflicts: “The Florida war and the Texas Revolution, had each furnished a brilliant theatre for Ovid’s chivalrous emprise … He was intimate with all the nobilities of the political circles” (Baldwin 1987, pp.9-10). Having endowed Bolus with Jackson’s national celebrity, Baldwin starts to treat his elevated character as Jackson’s peer. As a result, Bolus’s lies are successfully juxtaposed with Jackson’s and his deputy Martin Van Buren’s conduct. In other words, Baldwin is attempting to spotlight the basis on which Jacksonian Democracy was engineered and founded. In what can be seen as the climactic incident in the sketch, Bolus is shown to have visited Cuba and fallen in love with Jackson’s niece after he had been invited by her brother, an intimate friend whom Bolus had met at a Kentucky Catholic college and whose life he had saved from a mob in Louisville. The careful reader soon realises that the actual purpose of sending Bolus to Cuba is to establish a connection between Bolus’s art and Jacksonian Democracy in order to denote the falsity of Jackson’s and Van Buren’s Democratic pretensions:
There was a history to the commonest articles about [Bolus]: that book was given him by Mr. Van Buren—the walking stick was a present from Gen. Jackson … the cigars, not too fragrant, were a box sent him by a schoolmate from Cuba, in 1834— before he visited the Island … The Don had a sister of blooming sixteen, the least of whose charms was two or three coffee plantations, some hundreds of slaves, and a suitable garnish of doubloons, accumulated during her minority, in the hands of her uncle and guardian, the Captain General (Baldwin 1987, pp.11-12).
Bolus is then tactfully brought to the scene to reveal the truths which the Democratic politicians had hidden from the nation in being slaveholders and launching needless wars in the name of national security. 11 In a similar way, when Bolus suddenly puts an end to his quickly developing relationship with Jackson’s niece by pretending to be a passionate Protestant who is never willing to convert to Catholicism, he echoes Jackson’s pretension in being a Democrat who could never be a slaveholder. The connection is achieved skilfully by Baldwin, who cleverly hides his satire on Jackson and Van Buren under the cover of a tale about love and courtship in Cuba, which is in itself another attack on Democratic expansionism.
Having fulfilled his political agenda in bringing Bolus face-to-face against Jackson in Cuba, the Whig writer realises the necessity of taking immediate action against Bolus, who remains a dire threat to the increasing stability in the frontier society. Baldwin seems to have strained and taken great pains to find a stylistic way that could enable him to symbolically impose order upon the chaotic Mississippi and Alabama frontiers and inventively loosen, to some extent, the tie of admiration that has occasionally brought his narrator so close to Bolus. It should not be forgotten that in addition to being a planter and Whig politician, Baldwin was, by the time he wrote the sketch, a very successful lawyer, for whom it was very necessary to maintain order and punish such hopeless flouters as Bolus. It is, then, not strange that Baldwin finally chooses to intensify and artistically blend his Whiggish tone and moral sensibility, and project into the sketch his legal verdict. This explains why toward the end of the sketch moral/Whiggish statements suddenly exist in profusion, gaining dominance over the humorous tone of admiration. For example, the Whiggish historian records that no matter how dull and lazy people are anywhere, they are destined to get sharp enough after a while “to whatever concerns their bread and butter” (Baldwin 1987, p.18). Given this and the fact that Bolus continues to violate natural and moral laws, his art, we are eventually advised, was destined to be discovered, although the handsome lawyer was never “destitute of the tame virtue of prudence” (Baldwin 1987, p.13). 12
In revealing the reality about Bolus’s art, Baldwin sets the stage for himself to pose as a judge of law and deliver his verdict, which entails banishing outlaws the likes of Bolus as remotely as possible from every society striving for order . This judicial treatment becomes a pattern in the book when Baldwin arrives at the same verdict in another sketch depicting the nihilistic life and adventures of a more wicked con artist, “Simon Suggs, Jr., Esq.; A LEGAL BIOGRAPHY.” Given Baldwin’s involvement in the judicial system, it seems appropriate that he concludes his sketches by sending such unmanageable characters away to unmanageable frontier places – Bolus is banished to the foot of San Seba mountains, and Suggs Jr. to Rackinsack, Arkansas, which is described in the 1853-set sketch as “a community of litigants” and “bright land, of murders and felonies innumerable” (Baldwin 1987, pp.132-3). However, Baldwin’s humorous indulgence and nostalgic tone help give the impression that it is Bolus and Suggs Jr. who have decided on their voluntary exile. The writer’s irony suddenly sharpens toward the end of “Ovid Bolus,” but he simultaneously endeavours and succeeds in sustaining the decorum of the sketch. His mocking farewell to Bolus involves another effort at mythicising the confidence man, who is likened to Charles II in being polite and considerate about the feelings of his friends, whom he spared the pain of a parting interview (Baldwin 1987, p.19).
It is ironic that Baldwin was totally marginalised, while Bolus became the centre of literary and critical attention. Nevertheless, the concluding paragraph of “Ovid Bolus,” which carries equal weight with the opening one, reminds us of the established writer Baldwin was, knitting together his moral and lawyerly sensibility, proslavery Whig sympathies, nostalgic and historical impulses, didactic humour and encyclopaedic knowledge of history and literature:
Poor Ben, whom [Bolus] had honoured with the last marks of his confidence, can scarcely speak of him to this day, without tears in his eyes. Far away toward the setting sun he hied him, until, at last, with a hermit’s disgust at the degradation of the world, like Ignatius 13 turned monk, he pitched his tabernacle amidst the smiling prairies that sleep in vernal beauty, in the shadow of the San Seba mountains. There let his mighty genius rest. It has earned repose. We leave Themistocles 14 to his voluntary exile (Baldwin 1987, p.19).
The gentlemanly style, content, language and judicial treatment which Baldwin employs and demonstrates in “Ovid Bolus” and subsequent sketches in Flush Times can be thus seen as Whiggish techniques employed to fictively impose order on the 1830s and ’40s chaotic Mississippi and Alabama frontiers. However, on a deeper level, they constitute the waning politician’s last plea for striking a national compromise between the conflicting Democratic and Whig parties ten years before the Civil War. The conflicted, heterogeneous sketches we are offered by Baldwin’s narrator in Flush Times denote the author’s unusual eloquence and uncommon subtlety of mind. Not only did they capture the anxiety felt by many sons of the plantation class in the “Flush Times;” 15 they also brought together many traditional subjects of Southwestern humour. In “Memoir of Jo G. Baldwin,” Cornelius wrote that had his brother lived another decade, he would have documented the Civil War. 16
To conclude, Flush Times is meant to express a serious message through the device of humour; it is only ostensibly a humorous description of legal and financial conditions on the frontier. The imminent crisis of the Union was very much on Baldwin’s mind whilst writing his 1853 book. Thus, by attempting to fictively create a stable, orderly society in the 1830s and ’40s Alabama and Mississippi frontiers, the Whig author was calling for self-control in the early 1850s and making an urgent plea for national pacification at such a pressing time in American history. To achieve this, he applied his Whiggish viewpoint to these humorous accounts, “placed his faith in the well-to-do gentleman, a pillar of law and order, rather than in the unruly common man” (Watson 1992, p.259), and underscored the vital part which social institutions (family, church and school) could play in inculcating order. Moreover, he posed as a judge of law, employing a motif of exile, a just punishment for the violators of order, and repeatedly hailing the containment of social anarchy in Tennessee and Alabama. It is crystal clear that Baldwin firmly believed in the power of classical language to construct a strong argument, to define and determine the nature of things and to question and establish the facts, but this belief is “at once everywhere stated and dismayed” (Schmitz 1977, p.478) due to his ambivalence about what he was writing about. He largely succeeded in recording the victory of civilised society over disorder, yet that success was not unambiguous because his persona – and subsequently Baldwin himself – appear to have been tempted by the financial chaos which Jackson’s “mistake/lie” had brought about.
Notes to the essay
1 - Thomas Babington Macaulay , 1st Baron Macaulay (1800-1859): British historian, essayist and statesman, best remembered for his five-volume The History of England . Macaulay’s vast wealth of material, his use of vivid details and his brilliant, rhetorical, narrative style combined to make the History one of the greatest literary works of the 19 th century, though criticised for its Protestant and Whig bias. 17
2 - Monroe Edwards (1808-1847): an accomplished Texas slave smuggler, forger and swindler. He became involved in smuggling slaves to Brazil from Africa and soon made a profit of $50,000. Through his mistress’s husband, a Mexican official, he obtained a large land grant in Brazoria County. He called his property Chenango Plantation and used it as a base for continued slave smuggling to Texas from Cuba. Christopher Dart, who later bought a half interest in Chenango, also joined Edwards in financing the smuggling of slaves. On March 2, 1836, Edwards took about 171 slaves up the Brazos River and drove them overland to Chenango, where they were to be kept for sale after the Texas Revolution ended. When Dart began pressuring him to sell the slaves and split the profits as they had agreed, Edwards conceived a different plan. He altered a letter signed by Dart so that it seemed to be a bill of sale to himself. Dart, of course, cried foul, and filed a civil suit. Although Edwards retained two distinguished lawyers, the forgery was discovered during the trial in Brazoria. Dart obtained judgment in 1840 for more than $89,000 plus interest and court costs. In addition, Edwards was indicted and jailed. After making bond on the criminal charge, Edwards fled to Europe, where he posed as a wealthy veteran of San Jacinto and an abolitionist. He left Europe after a threat of exposure by the Texas envoy to England and returned to the United States, where he engaged in several large-scale forgeries. He was finally arrested and placed in the Tombs prison in New York. His trial was a celebrated one, with lengthy reports of each day’s testimony printed in the New York Daily Tribune and other newspapers. Edwards again retained celebrated lawyers but was found guilty. He was sentenced to Sing Sing prison. After an escape attempt in 1847 he was severely beaten by prison authorities and died. 18
3 - St Ignatius of Loyola (Spanish Inigo de Oñez y Loyola) (1491-1556): Spanish ecclesiastic who founded the Society of Jesus, the Order of the Jesuits. Loyola entered military service under Antonio Manrique de Lara, duke of Nájera, and was seriously wounded in 1521 at the siege of Pampeluna (now Pamplona). While recovering, he read a book of lives of the saints, with the result that he resolved to devote himself to a spiritual life. In 1522 Loyola retired to a cave near Manresa, in Catalonia, and lived and prayed in great austerity for ten months, after which he undertook a pilgrimage to Jerusalem. 19
4 - Themistocles (527?-460? BC): Athenian general and statesman who commanded the Athenian fleet at the Battle of Salamís against the invading Persians. The battle resulted in a crushing defeat for the Persians, and Themistocles was acclaimed one of the foremost men of his time. However, Themistocles eventually became less popular, his embezzlement and arrogance provoking the anger and resentment of the citizens. He was ostracised in 471 and retired to Árgos, subsequently gaining favour at the court of Artaxerxes I, king of Persia. The town of Magnesia was appointed to supply him with bread, Lampasacus with wine, and Myus with other provisions. He lived at Magnesia until his death. In spite of the conclusion to his career, Themistocles was a statesman of outstanding ability, and his strong naval policy laid the foundations of the Athenian Empire. 20
Baldwin, J. G. (1853). The Flush Times of Alabama and Mississippi; A Series of Sketches . New York: D. Appleton and Company. The edition used in this essay is (1987). Baton Rouge and London: Louisiana State University Press, with an “Introduction” and “Notes” by James H. Justus
Current-Garcia, E. (1952). Joseph Glover Baldwin: Humorist or Moralist?. Alabama Review , 5 (2), 122-141
Farish, H. D. (1935). An Overlooked Personality in Southern Life. North Carolina Historical Review , 12, 41-53
Flora, J. M. & Mackethan, L. H. (eds.) (2002). The Companion to Southern Literature: Themes, Genres, Places, People, Movements, and Motifs. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press
Grammer, J. (1993). The Republican Historical Vision: Joseph Glover Baldwin’s Party Leaders . Southern Literary Journal , 25 (2), 3-13
Handbook of Texas Online in TSHA Online: Texas State Historical Association (n.d.) [Online]. Available from: http://www.tshaonline.org/ [Accessed: 24 January 2008]
McMillan, M. C. (1959). Joseph Glover Baldwin Reports on the Whig National Convention of 1848. The Journal of Southern History , 25 (3), 366-382
Menon, L. (ed.) (2001). Microsoft Encarta Encyclopedia, The World English Edition . Volume 1 [CD-ROM] Redmond: Microsoft Corporation.
Schmitz, N. (1977). Tall Tale, Tall Talk: Pursuing the Lie in Jacksonian Literature. American Literature , 48 (4), 471-491
Watson, C. S. (1992). Order Out of Chaos: Joseph Glover Baldwin’s The Flush Times of Alabama and Mississippi . The Alabama Review , 45, 257-272
©Hamada Kassam. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Licence (CC BY).
Baldwin, J. G. (1853). The Flush Times of Alabama and Mississippi; A Series of Sketches . New York: D. Appleton and Company. The edition used in this essay is (1987). Baton Rouge and London: Louisiana State University Press, which contains a significant “Introduction” and “Notes” by James H. Justus. Subsequent references will indicate Flush Times in the text. ↩
The Mobile Weekly Advertiser . (1849). June 12th, as cited by McMillan (1959, p.367) said of Baldwin: “Mr. Baldwin is one of the first men of his age in the State. Shrewd, intelligent, and powerful in debate … We rejoice at his nomination and trust he may be elected. No man in this State is more worthy of a seat in Congress than ‘Joe Baldwin.’” See also Garrett, W. (1872). Reminiscences of the Public Men in Alabama for Thirty Years. Atlanta. ↩
The context is a sneaking apology Baldwin made in his “Preface” to Flush Times for not having enough time or opportunity to correct and revise “many errors and imperfections of his work.” ↩
This description was made in a letter which Baldwin’s brother and biographer Cornelius sent from New York City to Baldwin’s wife, dated 21 July 1854. The reference here is to Thomas Babington Macaulay, 1st Baron Macaulay (1800-1859). For more information, see “Notes to the essay” at the end. ↩
Baldwin’s persona says:
Reader! I eschewed genius from that day. I took to accounts; … got me a green bag and stuffed it full of old newspapers, carefully folded and labelled; read law, to fit imaginary cases, … dunned one of the wealthiest men in the city for fifty cents; sold out a widow for a twenty dollar debt, and bought in her things myself, publicly (and gave them back to her secretly, afterwards) … looked wise and shook my head when I was consulted, and passed for a “powerful good judge of law;” confirmed the opinion by reading, in court, all the books and papers I could lay my hands on, and clearing out the court-house by hum-drum details, commonplace and statistics, whenever I made a speech at the bar—and thus, by this course of things, am able to write from my sugar plantation , this memorable history of the fall of genius and the rise of solemn humbug! J.C.R. (Baldwin 1987, pp.45-6, Baldwin’s italics)
The narrator makes it clear that Bolus was an established gambler, who used to get people to play by giving them the chance to win at the beginning (Baldwin 1987, pp.8-9). ↩
The narrator says:
One thing in Ovid I can never forgive. This was his coming it over Ben O. I don’t object to it on the score of the swindle. That was to have been expected. But swindling Ben was degrading the dignity of the art. True, it illustrated the universality of his science, but it lowered it to a beggarly process of mean deception. There was no skill in it. It was little better than crude larceny. A child could have done it; it had as well been done to a child. Fie! Bolus, Monroe Edwards wouldn’t have done that. He would sooner have sunk down to the level of some honest calling for a living, than have put his profession to so mean a shift (Baldwin 1987, pp.10-11).
Baldwin’s narrator says:
Dickens and Bulwer can do as much lying, for money too, as they choose, and no one blame them, any more than they would blame a lawyer regularly fee’d to do it; but let any man, gifted with the same genius, try his hand at it, not deliberately and in writing, but merely orally, and ugly names are given him, and he is proscribed! Bolus heroically suppressed exultation over the victories his lies achieved (Baldwin 1987, pp.17-18).
The narrator says, “Ovid had already possessed the faculty of ubiquity. He had been born in more places than Homer. In an hour’s discourse, he would, with more than the speed of Ariel, travel at every point of the compass” (Baldwin 1987, p.8). ↩
Anon. (2001). Jackson, Andrew. In: Menon, L. (ed.) Microsoft Encarta Encyclopedia, The World English Edition . Volume 1 [CD-ROM] Redmond: Microsoft Corporation. ↩
Schmitz (1977, p.479) argues:
Baldwin is brutally specific in attacking this lie. It is the felonious (symbolic) possession of Alabama and Mississippi by the dictate of paper that does such violence to the land, sends whole nations of Indians “howling into the Western wilderness to the friendly agency of some sheltering Suggs duly empowered to receive their coming annuities and back rations” and opens a consternating chasm between what is and what is said. But tall talk, the pursuit of a lie under difficulties, is in some sense a commentary on this lie, a magnification of an already inflated tale.
The narrator says:
Alas! for the beautiful things of Earth, its flowers, its sunsets—its lovely girls—its lies—brief and fleeting are their date. Lying is a very delicate accomplishment. It must be tenderly cared for, and jealousy guarded. It must not be overworked. Bolus forgot this salutary caution … The denizens of this degenerate age, had not the disinterestedness of Prince Hall, who cared not how many fed at his cost;” they got tired, at last, of promises to pay. The credit system, common before as pump-water, … began to take the worldly wisdom of Falstaff’s mercer, and ask security; and security liked something more substantial than plausible promises (Baldwin 1987, p.18).
For information on St Ignatius of Loyola (Spanish Inigo de Oñez y Loyola) (1491-1556), see “Notes to the essay” at the end. ↩
For information on Themistocles (527?-460? bc), see “Notes to the essay” at the end. ↩
This sense of anxiety and restlessness is strongly felt in the conflicting comments which the Whiggish narrator/planter (J.C.R.) makes about the period throughout the book. For example, the “Flush Times,” which is described as “jolly times” in “The Bench and the Bar” (Baldwin 1987, p.52) and as an “abundant harvest” in “The Bar of the South-West” (Baldwin 1987, p.239), paradoxically becomes “the reign of humbug, and wholesale insanity” in “How the Times Served the Virginians” (Baldwin 1987, p.91) and a period that unjustifiably furnished a “criminal docket” as illustrated in “The Bar of the South-West.” In the latter sketch, J.C.R. becomes his creator’s mouthpiece when the Whig author/judge ventures into one of his most volcanic moral eruptions in the entire book:
What country could boast more largely of its crimes? What more splendid role of felonies! What more terrific murders! What more gorgeous bank robberies! What more magnificent operations in the land offices! Such McGregor-like levies of black mail, individual and corporate! Such superb forays on the treasuries, State and National! Such expert transfers of balances to undiscovered bournes! Such august defalcations! Such flourishes of rhetoric on ledgers auspicious of gold which had departed for ever from the vault! And in INDIAN affairs!—the very mention is suggestive of the poetry of the theft—the romance of a wild and weird larceny! What sublime conceptions of super-Spartan roguery! Swindling Indians by the nation! ( Spirit of Falstaff, rap! ) Stealing their land by the township! ( Dick Turpin and Jonathan Wild! tip the table! ) Conducting the nation to the Mississippi river, stripping them to the flap, and bidding them God speed as they went howling into the Western wilderness to the friendly agency of some sheltering Suggs duly empowered to receive their coming annuities and back rations! What’s Hounslow heath to this? What Carvajal? Who Count Boulbon? (Baldwin 1987, p.238).
As cited in (Current-Garcia 1952, p.141), Cornelius wrote in his unfinished “Memoir”:
And had [Baldwin] lived, what better subject could he have desired for his philosophic mind and graphic pen than the tremendous war between the United States and the Confederate States, in its causes and its consequences, not yet half-developed, with its grand battles and romantic episodes, and with our illustrious chieftans, Davis, Lee, Jackson, Johnson, Stuart, as central figures?
Anon. (2001). Thomas Babington, 1st Baron Macaulay. In: Menon, L. (ed.) Microsoft Encarta Encyclopedia, The World English Edition . Volume 1 [CD-ROM] Redmond: Microsoft Corporation. ↩
Jones, M. B. (n.d.). Monroe Edwards. In: Handbook of Texas Online in TSHA Online: Texas State Historical Association [Online]. Available from: http://www.tsha.utexas.edu/handbook/online/articles/EE/fed7.html [Accessed: 24 January 2008] ↩
Anon. (2001). St Ignatius of Loyola . In: Menon, L. (ed.) Microsoft Encarta Encyclopedia, The World English Edition . Volume 1 [CD-ROM] Redmond: Microsoft Corporation. ↩
Anon. (2001). Themistocles. In: Menon, L. (ed.) Microsoft Encarta Encyclopedia, The World English Edition . Volume 1 [CD-ROM] Redmond: Microsoft Corporation. ↩


text:
Relaxation bath soak pamper hamper 4 piece
NATURAL CLEAN AUSTRALIAN MADE HAMPER 4 PIECE GIFT BOX- with Rose buds and Rose scent
Stop and smell the roses!
The perfect gift box for someone in need of relaxation and pampering. Inspired by roses and their luxurious scent- these products are formulated to relax, soften skin and encourage time for self-care.
PACK VALUED AT $72.90
- ROSE BATH SOAK 250G
SOAK in aromatic floral bath tea, to relax muscles, soothe and soften skin.
INGREDIENTS: Epsom salt (Magnesium sulphate), Australian pink clay, Calendula flowers, Jasmin flowers, Rose buds, Palmarosa oil, Rose Geranium oil
- ROSE BATH BOMB
98% naturally derived ingredients (2% for solubility). Naturally scented with Rose essential oil and real Rose bud inclusions.
Baking soda, citric acid, cream of tartar, Epsom salt, Australian Pink clay, Polysorbate 20, organic Shea butter, Rose geranium oil, Rose absolute, Witch hazel.
- ROSE BODY OIL 100ML
A nourishing Body oil enriched with plant oils to soothe, soften and recondition skin, without leaving a greasy residue. Great for stretch marks, scars and dry skin. Suitable for all skin types.
- BODY POSITIVE LADY SOY CANDLE (unscented)

domain: chemistry


text:
Huh, didn’t know that there was an economic theory that posits that under certain conditions, companies will want to increase wages for labor because such wage increase will provide benefits. Those benefits could be reduced turnover, increased productivity or whatever else. This theory certainly isn’t mentioned much, if at all. I have heard increasing engagement or productivity via wage increases, especially for those at the lower end of the wage scale, more as a logical statement, not as an economic theorem.
But then Paul Krugman posted a blog on wage efficiency and that blog came about because Walmart recently said their minimum wage increases were producing gains in the form of reduced turnover. Imagine that…Walmart is seeing a benefit of raising salaries via reduced turnover.
I hope this is a start of a change in companies’ attitude toward their employees.

domain: economics


17:19LOMAS ON STAGS: True depth of squad is underlined in cup thriller
11:22A tropical beach in Mansfield
17:27Serious crash closes major Sutton road
17:26Woman injured and dog killed in alleged dog attack at Clipstone
13:37ALERT: Notts residents warned about bogus '˜something for you' cards
01:45Nottingham Forest opinion: Mark Warburton faces a big dilema over Ben Brereton
08:38RISE AND SHINE: Live travel news, weather and fun features
11:16Hero hailed for trying to stop armed robbery
11:01Mansfield launch party for the Tour of Britain is today
12:41Is there '˜groom for improvement' with your image?
19:12Sutton collision involved car and bike, say witnesses
11:18Notts pensioner charged with sexual offences
16:48VIDEO AND PICTURES: '˜Loner' who kept 30 cats and ferret in home where excrement was waist-high is spared jail
11:36Watch: What Tour of Britain cyclists will see when they pass through Mansfield
10:48McDermott anger after Alfreton are beaten at Boston
10:14LOOK: Are you pictured in our Mansfield Town fans gallery?


The Soldier is a Tier 2 Melee unit usually available as regular.
Is a possible upgrade for the Recruit and can be upgraded in the Infantry.
Personal Equipment[edit | edit source]
|Leather Helm||Light armor|
|Padded Jacket||Light armor|
|Wooden Heater Shield||Shield|
Skills[edit | edit source]
|Axe Strike: An axe strike ignores 50% of the enemy's melee defense.
The unit can equip Axes.
|Crowbill Strike: A crowbill strike lowers the melee defense of the target by 20% with each strike. This effect stacks, and persist until the end of the battle.
The unit can equip Crowbills.
|Mace Strike: A mace strike stuns the target and lowers his attack and initiative for 30% until the next turn.
The unit can equip Maces.
|Light Armor: The unit can equip Light Armor.|
|Shield: A shield allows a unit to stay in a defensive position while skipping a turn.
The unit can equip Shields.


Producing a lens or lens system for use in many industrial, military and outdoor applications requires careful consideration of its resistance to vibration, shock, temperature, and water ingress in addition to ensuring high reliability and top performance. This video describes how Resolve Optics expertise and experience has provided a growing number of sensor, camera and optical instrument manufacturers with a ruggedised custom lens to match their demanding application.
Run Time: 1:07min
Ruggedised Lenses - Resolve Optics
Video Credit: Resolve Optics Ltd.


text:
The perfect accessory for little girls
From pocket money and cash for lunch to membership cards and travel passes, this versatile wallet is the perfect place for kids to stash their essentials.
The pretty butterfly design and pink background will appeal to girls in particular and with different pockets for cash, coins and cards; it not only looks great but is practical too.
The wallet is made from Nylon and has a Velcro fastening to keep everything neatly in place.
Inside the wallet there is a coin pocket with zip plus two mesh pockets and billfold.Read More
- Cute design
- Lots of pockets for notes and coins
- Velcro closure to keep money safe

domain: design


text:
It never occurred to me. When I made reservations to hold a customer barbecue event at the Archibald Smith Plantation in Roswell, Georgia, I was in full public relations mode. It seemed like the perfect departure from the usual chi-chi cocktail parties and hot hors d’oeuvres and I was excited to see how the sales force and their guests would respond.
It never occurred to me that a routine work project would result in one of the most unexpected and disturbing spiritual experiences of my life.
Hailing as I do from the Chicago suburbs, my image of a plantation had been gleaned from history books and Mark Twain tomes. Through recent research on Ancestry.com I knew my paternal grandparents had migrated to Illinois from Georgia and Tennessee. That they were both descendants of slaves and slave masters was a pretty safe bet. But I was never allowed to get to know that side of myself, so the only family I knew had no historical connection with the South and slavery at all. My frame of reference was no different than any other school child's at the time.
In preparation for the customer event I did my homework and read the history of the place we would visit. The Town of Roswell took its name from Roswell King, a wealthy coastal businessman who in the 1830s encouraged his fellow Presbyterians to move inland with him to establish a mill town along the Chattahoochee River.Archibald Smith and his wife Anne were struggling with two failing plantations along the coast, so in 1838 they answered King's challenge and moved to Roswell with their four children and 30 of their slaves. The house and outbuildings they built on the 300 acres of cotton-producing land they purchased became the Archibald Smith Plantation. Every plank and brick of that place was placed by the hand of a slave, but that didn't occur to me until later. Archibald and Anne Smith (smithplantation.org)
A graphic model of the Smith Plantation shows the relative scale of the mansion versus the outdoor kitchen (with chimney) and the tiny slave quarters.
The "Big House" today
Since way back then, despite a 25-year span during which the place sat totally empty, it never left the possession of the Smith family and its descendants. Every generation kept every piece of the house's furnishings for posterity. When the widow of Archibald Smith Sr.'s grandson Arthur Smith died in 1981, the estate was willed to her niece who four years later sold it to the City of Roswell with two major provisions: The house would become a house museum using all the furniture and artifacts collected by three generations of Smiths; and Ms. Mamie Cotton, a black woman who had worked for the Smith family for 54 years, would be allowed to live in the house until she died.
The big day arrived. When I arrived at the venue about an hour before the guests were expected, I drove up the serpentine driveway and soon saw the snow white house rise from the horizon. Suddenly, I was stunned speechless. It finally occurred to me that I was entering a haunted place that was built -- every last inch of it -- on the backs of enslaved black people.
I started hearing faint whispers. I thought I heard the distant strains of slow, drawling Negro spirituals coming from fields of cotton bolls, dancing like bolts of dotted Swiss fabric used in the white women's dresses.
I shook my head hard to clear the phantom sounds. Instead of Miss Cotton, the curator of the museum answered the door. It very well could have been Mamie Cotton had she not died about two years before that, in 1994.
The special events manager led me through a quick tour of the home. Everywhere I turned there were antiques of obvious great value. The Smiths must have been congenital packrats, because the place was loaded to the rafters with the trappings of the rich. I was starting to feel very strange -- even a little angry.
We exited through the home's back door and descended into the part of the expansive back lawn that led to the separate cook house. This was where the slave women prepared every meal in the sweltering Georgia heat in order to spare the Smiths the stifling discomfort in their airy mansion.
Every footstep I took felt as if I were stepping in a bog, soggy with the sweat, tears and blood of so many before me. My knees literally buckled with the weight of the scenes playing in my head. Over there was a large woman carrying a huge caldron into the cook house. She wore a clean but shabby long-skirted dress, long sleeves and a white bandana on her head. I saw all that but I could also see through her.
I glanced to the right and saw a row of crude shanties. No one had to tell me those were the slaves' quarters. I excused myself and walked trance-like to the entrance of the first hovel.
I could almost see the waves of heat radiating from those thin, uninsulated walls. Gaps between the floorboards revealed bare, dusty earth. The ladder led to what appeared to be a sleeping loft, no wider than a standard twin bed. I saw eight small, transparent children sitting up there with their grimy bare feet swinging off the side. A single tear slid down the side of my nose; I caught it with my tongue.
When I turned to leave I almost tripped over the skirts of my long muslin skirts. I looked down to see a dress like the one the cook was wearing, only mine was slightly nicer. I could see through my hand. I realized that because I am what was called "high-yellow" back then, I would be a house "nigra," someone light-skinned enough to be suitable for work inside with the family, cleaning and serving meals. I also knew I would be at the beck and call of the men of the house, should they be so inclined.
Again I shook my spinning head. Guests were wandering from the house tour out the back door. The tent under which the barbecue would be served by a local restaurant was beginning to fill and I was needed for seating arrangements. The band, which I had searched for weeks to find, was playing music that now sounded to me as if it was straight out of the movie Deliverance. Banjo. Fiddle. Southern.
It was a long, long evening.
Photos from www.archibaldsmithplantation.org

domain: history


text:
Over a third of UK workers are put off from applying for new jobs because they don’t understand what skills they need for the role.
New research from recruitment giant Michael Page also discovered that almost half (46%) of workers don’t know which of their skills to show off in job applications.
Nicholas Kirk, UK Managing Director, Michael Page explained that employers – potentially aided by recruiters – could be doing more to stop jobseekers feeling confused.
He said: “It’s clear businesses could be doing more to clarify the skills required for a role.
“Employers are potentially missing out on talent as a result of unclear job listings and must ensure they’re hiring in the most efficient way by listing the specific skills needed for each role.”
According to the US-founded recruitment firm, confusion about what skills are needed has caused a lack of confidence amongst jobseekers.
A third don’t think they would stand out at interview whilst over four in ten leave an interview worried about how they performed.
John Lees, a career strategist and author of How to Get a Job You Love, added Michael Page’s research shows candidates need guiding to understand their own potential.
He said: “These findings demonstrate the need for candidates to not only understand which skills they currently possess, but also be able to do two things: match these skills to the needs of organisations, and talk confidently about them at interview.”

domain: news


text:
THE Bulawayo Development Committee (BDC) has not been operational during the past three years due to a biting economic crisis in the country, a founder membe
r told businessdigest. The BDC was formed to woo investment into the country’s second largest city.
Economist Eric Bloch, who chairs the 12-member committee, said their initiative had been spoilt by poor government policies which have spawned the worst economic crisis in the history of the country.
Bloch said they had suspended the organisation’s business until major policy changes and a turn-around in the country’s economy.
“We decided to be inactive some three years ago due to government’s bad policies which are scaring away investors,” Bloch said.
“When we formed the BDC committee our main aim was to promote investment in Bulawayo and to create jobs for locals.”
Bloch said government should deregulate the economy and do away with price controls.
“The economy must be deregulated because investors want to be masters of their own destiny. It is bad for the investors to be told who they should sell to, at what price and so forth. Also, most investors are supporters of (black) empowerment but they want to choose who their partners should be and not be told by the government,” Bloch said.
He said the city had recorded no meaningful investment in the past few years because the environment was not good for investors.
Bloch said many companies in the city had this year laid off staff after scaling down operations due to hyperinflation and lack of foreign currency to import raw materials.

domain: politics


text:
If you are a fan of Julie Andrews, you will love this book. She is the narrator which makes it come alive with reality and emotion. It's fascinating to hear about her life and how she ends up becoming a famous singer. Great for a long commute to pass the time listening to her lovely voice.
I highly recommend.
minutia about England. Tedious. Read by author. I couldn't "carry on" more than 10 minutes.
If you enjoy Julie Andrews' distinctive voice, you will love this memoir on CD - both written and narrated by her. In her clear and expressive British way, she reads her book about her childhood and early career. Her childhood was difficult and she is so candid about her growing up years. I loved her dad. Her mother is another story. She relates many interesting ancedotes about starring in My Fair Lady on Broadway and her relationship with her first husband. Not a typical tell-all, this is classy and very well-written. I looked forward to listening to this book every time I got into my car.
There are no ages for this title yet.
There are no summaries for this title yet.
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domain: literature


text:
Rights are rights, regardless of whether a government recognizes them as such.
Dearest Doodle Soupers,
Sometimes, I just don’t know where to begin. Have you felt that way, too? That there’s something you need to say, really need to say, but somehow you feel stuck on that first syllable. Where do I start? How do I begin?
Maybe, that’s what I keep searching for, places to begin. At the first brushstroke, the first tap of the piano keys, the first sound of a song, the first line of a new poem, in his comforting embrace, I keep finding places to begin.
Begin, what? Sometimes, I really believe I do not know, but deep down, I do know. Each time I find a place to begin, I find the strength to take that next leap of faith toward healing and the life I choose.
Too many things were decided for me and it wasn’t right. As a kid, I couldn’t prevent my teacher from abusing his power as an adult in a school to abuse me. I did what I could to survive, using anorexia as a way to cope. I didn’t get to choose the treatment and medical system that reinforced the powerlessness I already felt from being abused. Again, I got the message so young that I didn’t get to have body autonomy, that I was wrong to try to understand what was happening to me. I just wanted somebody to make me feel safe enough to truly heal. And until I did, I faced repeated trauma just trying to keep myself alive.
I didn’t starve myself because “I wanted to be beautiful” or “skinny” or “perfect.” I did it because I didn’t know what else to do. It was a subconscious way for me to try to regain control over my body after my body was violated and to cope with the lack of support I had in comprehending what happened.
Maybe, I’m writing this now because of the news that the U.S. Supreme Court overturned Roe v. Wade, making abortion no longer a federal constitutional right. I don’t know. It’s not just the tangible, the ruling itself. It’s something broader. I’ve heard the argument about how messed up it is - how could you prevent even a rape survivor’s right to an abortion? Yet the question weighing on me is why is it up to the Supreme Court?
I know the logical reasoning, sure. But in my soul, the logic, the reasoning, “the way things are” doesn’t change a thing. Rights are rights, regardless of whether a government recognizes them as such. It was my right to be treated with respect at school and to decide who got to touch me and what was and wasn’t okay with me. That right was violated yet nothing changes what I deserve. I deserve to be treated with respect. I deserve body autonomy.
I get that none of this changes the logistics of accessing the rights we deserve to have protected. And we all deserve to feel safe in feeling whatever comes up: sadness, anger, confusion, grief, etc. I guess what I’m trying to express is society, government institutions, and honestly sometimes even just other people in general can have a way of messing with our heads and this can have a profound impact on us. Society attempting to control groups of people, whether it’s women, racial and ethnic minorities, children, indigenous people, etc., is real sh*t. It’s abuse at a different scale. Abuse can involve physical harm, manipulation, gaslighting, trying to control another human being, taking advantage of what are otherwise amazing strengths in humanity like kindness, openness, acceptance toward others.
Abuse is really hard to combat for a reason: it’s an attempt to block us from knowing what we deserve. For example, being abused led me to feel shame, exhaustion, confusion, powerless. Seeing the reality helps me grapple with all this, which many days still makes my head spin. Yet, seeing the reality also leads me to the next questions: how could it be? How could it be that something so awful is so common? What does peace mean and for whom? What does freedom look like? How do I accept the facts and where do they lead me? And these questions lead me to recognize lots of truths, some comforting, some inspiring and empowering, and some still downright awful.
I keep learning that I live in a world full of beauty, cruelty, cycles of destruction, cycles of creation, a world full of joy and a world full of pain, a world full of love and a world full of hate, a world full of abusers and a world full of healers too. Neither fact changes the other and yet, well, neither fact changes the other.
I’m not trying to say that any of this makes it okay or that the hate cancels out the love or the love cancels out the hate. It’s not a silver lining either. It’s the duality of how I feel and what I know and in this moment, I’m not sure quite what to do with it other than to express this and share what comes to me with you, dearest Doodle Soupers.
In truth and with love to you wherever and however you are,
Nicole Sylvia Javorsky

domain: psychology


text:
Over 360 women attended the first National Women's Enterprise Day, in the Mullingar Park Hotel, Mullingar, yesterday. Aimed at encouraging and motivating women to start up a business, the event facilitated discussions between aspiring and existing women entrepreneurs about the challenges faced when starting up a business in Ireland.
Keynote speaker at the event was Ruth Badger, former participant in 'The Apprentice', mentor on Sky One's 'The Big Idea' and managing director of Ruth Badget Consulting. Speaking at the event, she said: "Businesses exist to succeed but success can only exist with a strategy and a plan to drive it. I would encourage anyone, be they in business or considering a start-up, to believe in themselves as, with this allied to a well-planned business strategy, anything is possible."
Seven women who run their own companies across Ireland provided insights to their businesses, including Pamela Fitzmaurice of Blazing Salads Food Company Ltd, Mary Kelly of Kelly's Organics and Tara Cunningham of Release Speech Therapy.


text:
Check out our listing of the hottest clubs in Hull ON, read reviews, view upcoming events and more.
117 pr du portage, Hull ON, Ontario Canada
If you like clubbing with tons of friendly people or just your friends.. this is the place. It's an intimate club scene with 3 bars situated within. Type of music: Hip-Hop, Dance/Techno Featured DJ's: DJ Flip, DJ Patty D, DJ Scouby, and Mr. X Cosmo... More then just a bar [more]

domain: entertainment


Table of Contents
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text:
Lake Sevan is the natural treasure of Armenia located in the north-east of the country in the Gegharkunik province/marz. It is the largest lake in Armenia, and one of the largest freshwater high-altitude lakes in Eurasia. Weather at Sevan is calm. Armenians and guests enjoy the beach season from may to september.
The most famous cultural monument is the Sevanavank monastery located on the peninsula, which was until the mid-20th century an island. Another prominent monastery at the western shore is Hayravank, and further south, in the village of Noratus, is a field of khachkars, a cemetery with about 900 khachkars of different styles. Additional khachkars are found at Nerkin Getashen on the south coast.
The weather at Sevan is nice in the summer. Though the temperatures are significantly cooler than in Yerevan, this popular spot for a getaway in the summer is usually packed in July and August, when it’s warm enough to enjoy the beaches and swim in the waters.

domain: travel


text:
I thought I would experiment with a new type of simnel cake since my kids don’t like fruit cake. So here it is, my chocolate ‘simnel’ cupcakes…especially appealing for children of all ages! Happy Easter.
Chocolate 'simnel' cupcakes
- 6 oz butter or dairy-free spread
- 6 oz soft brown sugar
- 4 oz self-raising gluten-free flour I use my blend
- 2 oz cocoa
- 2 large eggs or 3 medium eggs
- Half tsp gluten-free baking powder
- 1 tsp almond extract
- Approx. 3/4 packet of marzipan check ingredients - I used Tesco own
- Pre-heat oven to 180 degrees and line a muffin tray with paper muffin cases
- Cream the sugar and butter together until light in colour and fluffy
- Add the eggs and continue to beat for a further minute
- Add the remaining ingredients except the marzipan and beat until everything is combined
- Place a spoonful of mixture into each paper case
- Take a small piece of marzipan and flatten it with your thumb and finger to get a rough disk the size of the muffin case
- Repeat the process 12 times placing a disk of marzipan in each muffin case
- Place a further spoonful of mixture on top of each disk of marzipan and gently smooth the mixture out
- Cook in the pre-heated oven for 20-25 minutes until the tops spring back when pressed.
- Leave to cool, then decorate with marzipan. I rolled my marzipan out then used a cutter slightly smaller than the cakes to cut out a disk that I placed on top of each cake. My daughter then rolled out the marzipan balls to go on top! If you have some apricot jam knocking around then it will help to stick the marzipan to the cake and the balls to the marzipan. I didn't have any so just pushed them gently down..! They seem to be staying on!

domain: food


The American Public Works Association is hosting its next Click, Listen & Learn Webinar on Thursday, Jan 22, 2022
- Register Now! for 0.1 CEU Credits, free of charge to APWA and non-APWA members during January and February
- Time: 11AM EST, 10AM CST, 9AM MST, 8AM PST
About the Webinar
BlueConduit will speak at the upcoming American’ Public Works Association Click, Listen & Learn Webinar. Here’s the event description from the APWA site:
Levels of Service (LOS) is a component of asset management planning that is significant and has a great deal of impact. Municipalities’ core purpose is to provide public services to the residents and other stakeholders with the help of Infrastructure Assets, and most of the resources devoted to asset management planning are spent on infrastructure. The municipality must ensure that the infrastructure performs to meet the level of service goals at an affordable and sustainable cost, by finding a balance between the expected level of service and the cost of providing that level of service.
We are joined on the panel by Addie Javed, Managing Director of the Kercher Group and Greg Chartier, Infrastructure Management Consultant.
Get more information and register on the APWA site.


Information about burglary sought
STERLING – Sterling Police are asking for the public’s help as they investigate a burglary that took place during daytime Thursday.
Officers responded at 3:21 p.m. to the area of East Second Street and Sixth Avenue. The callers said some small appliances and games were taken from a home. Anyone with information can call the Sterling Police Department at 815-632-6640 or Whiteside County Crimestoppers at 815-625-7867.


Pocket hole screws aren’t cheap – especially those name-brand screws manufactured by Kreg. If you’re working on a project involving pocket holes, then you’ve probably had the thought “can you use regular screws inside pocket holes?”
Pocket hole screws feature a number of specific features that make them ideal for use in pocket holes. They’re designed to work inside pocket holes to form a strong joint without causing the joint or surrounding wood to crack or break.
This doesn’t mean you can’t use other screw types inside pocket holes in a pinch. Obviously, they won’t perform as well as pocket hole screws, but if you’re halfway through a woodworking project and all out of Kreg screws – there is an alternative to pocket hole screws.
I’ll break this down further in this post, as well as give some examples of pocket hole screw alternatives.
Pocket Hole Screw Design
Before looking at some viable pocket hole alternatives, we’ll need to go over the design features that are specific to pocket hole screws. When choosing an alternative, you’ll want to look for a screw with similar features in order to avoid poor performance.
Self-Tapping Auger Tip
If you take a close look at a pocket hole screw’s point, you’ll notice a small flute cutout in the tip. This cutout functions like a mini drill bit – effectively creating a pilot hole as you drive it into your material.
This tip eliminates the need to drill a pilot hole all the way through your pocket hole and into the connecting wood board.
If you examine a pocket hole drill bit, you’ll notice the tip features a small pilot hole point that partially creates a pilot hole inside the board that you drill the pocket hole in. This pilot hole tip partially creates the pilot hole, while the screw does the rest of the job.
If you use a screw without a self-tapping tip inside your pocket hole – you’ll be more likely to cause the end of the connecting board to split and/or crack.
Deep Square Head
Examine the head of a pocket hole screw and you’ll notice that most of them feature a deep square “Roberts” head. This type of screw head is popular in a number of different applications where you need strong driver engagement and lowers the odds of the driver slipping or “cam out”.
This head gives you better control as you drive screws, and also helps prevent stripping the screw head rendering it useless.
Another thing to consider is that pocket holes require a fairly long driver bit to reach inside the pole and drive the screw. In fact, the standard driver that comes with most Kreg Jigs is 6” long. If you don’t have a long driver bit to match the head of your alternative screw, then you may not be able to reach inside the pocket hole to drive the screw.
Flat Washer Head
Pocket hole screws feature flat, washer-shaped bottoms designed to ensure the screw stops at the precise depth created by the pocket hole drill bit. This is one of the screw’s most important features, as it prevents the screw from traveling too far into the pocket hole and damaging or breaking the hole or surrounding wood.
Most construction, drywall, and wood screws feature some type of tapered head bottom designed to drive the screw head flat into the material. This is a big no-no when it comes to pocket holes, as this type of screw is likely to over-drive, causing damage to the wood and rendering the joint useless.
Partially Threaded Screw
Pocket hole screws feature threads that only go about halfway up the shaft, with the upper portion of the shaft being smooth and unthreaded. This actually causes the threaded portion of the screw to pull the head of the screw into the joint – creating a stronger joint than a fully threaded screw would.
You’ll find this type of partially threaded screw in many other applications where additional strength and shear resistance is needed including deck screws, structural screws, lag bolts, and many others.
Alternatives to Pocket Hole Screws
If you reach into your toolbox and find you’re all out-of-pocket hole screws, what are some viable alternatives you can use?
Drywall screws are one of the most common screw types, so you’re bound to have some lying around. That being said, they’re a pretty poor choice and far being the best pocket hole screw alternative out there.
Drywall screws typically have tapered bugle-shaped heads that are designed to do drive the screw head flat with the material. This is likely to lead to splitting the wood and ruining your pocket hole joint.
If you insist on using drywall screws, then you’ll want to be really careful when approaching the end of the pocket hole to avoid splitting the wood.
Also, keep in mind that pocket hole screws are manufactured to be tougher than run-of-mill screws. Drywall screws on the other hand are made from hard, brittle steel and are prone to snapping during installation – so they’re not likely to hold up over time.
Standard Wood Screws
Regular wood screws are a better alternative than drywall screws but still have some drawbacks. They often have self-tapping tips, partial threads, but lack the flat washer heads of pocket screws.
Once again, you’ll need to be careful when fastening these screws in pocket hole joints, as they can easily split the wood if you over drive.
Cabinet screws are very similar to pocket hole screws and have nearly all of the same design features including wide washer heads, self-tapping tips, and partial threads.
These screws are designed for cabinetry, light-duty structural applications, and general remodeling use.
If you happen to have some of these screws lying around then they’d make an excellent pocket hole screw alternative, but they’re not exactly cheap, so purchasing Kreg screws would cost you about the same.
Self-drilling screws are another strong alternative to pocket hole screws and share many of the same design characteristics.
They often have flat washer heads and have self-drilling tips that are similar to the self-tapping tips found on pocket hole screws.
You can find them at relatively cheap prices, so they’re a good low-cost alternative to most pocket hole screws.
Hopefully, you now have a strong understanding of how pocket hole screws work and why they’re designed the way they are. They have a number of different features that make them the ideal option to use with pocket hole joinery, but there are some alternatives that can work in a pinch.
Generally speaking, you’re better off using pocket hole screws than other screw types, but if you can pinpoint a screw that shares many of the same features then it can work as well.


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At the end of October, Anthony S. Fauci’s assistant decided to cease taking phone calls for a two-week period in order to calm the situation.
As he and other Biden administration officials happened to be preparing for the drive to immunize young children, the head of the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention got 3,600 phone calls in just 36 hours.
Complaints About The Beagle Tests Have Deluged Fauci’s Office
Many of the phone calls came from a viral and false claim that Dr. Anthony Fauci’s agency, Allergy and Infectious Disease the National Institute, had funded a medical experiment where beagles got trapped in mesh cages full of sand fliesdiseased, according to four NIH officials who were familiar with the calls.
A bipartisan letter signed by 24 members of Congress questioning the agency’s funding for canine medical research was written in reaction to the uproar, further igniting the flames.
You’re a worthless piece of trash who ought to be locked up. One of the media received 15 phone messages, one of which was about “torturing animals.” He plans to drag you out to the beach, bind you, and suffocate you with fleas all over your a**.
President Donald Trump’s disagreement over his support for masks and opposition to unproven covid therapies have made Fauci a polarising figure throughout the pandemic. Controversy has arisen in the medical community concerning Fauci as well. Despite an uptick in harassment and threats in recent weeks, staff at his agency have been forced to spend significant time debunking misinformation and dealing with security concerns.
According to others interviewed for this story, three National Institutes of Health officials and four senior administration officials spoke on the condition of anonymity to discuss sensitive matters for this page.
It’s becoming more difficult for me and my team to conduct our job to battle the covid-19 outbreak because of the persistent harassment in the form of ridiculous allegations and outright disinformation, Fauci said during an interview with the media.
At the same time, Fauci is Vice President Biden’s go-to doctor. Because this attack on him has evident political connotations and focuses on a nonpolitical scientist, I believe it has the potential to harm the whole field of study and highlight how people try to intimidate specialists.
White Coat Waste Project, an animal-rights group that capitalized on conservatives’ hatred against Fauci, created the wave of antipathy, according to an investigation by the media. A right-wing echo chamber eager to slam Fauci on everything from vaccine directives to NIH funding for coronavirus research at the Wuhan Institute of Virology, in the Chinese city where the pandemic began, amplified White Coat Waste’s message. In an effort to stoke conservative opposition to the trapped-beagle study, White Coat Waste was carefully placed to attract attention to five NIAID-funded experiments, some of which resulted in the killing of animals. Many of the organization’s board of directors and senior staff have previously worked for Republican politicians or conservative organizations. The group’s founder and the president are seasoned Republican operatives.
The false assertion about the funding for the beagle study in Tunisia was the consequence of a scientific error by the researchers. They included the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases as a source of funding when they submitted a paper for publication in late July. There were several angry calls to the journal on October 26, when the agency notified it that the researchers had made a mistake in their paperwork.
With over 15 years as a practicing journalist, Nikki Attkisson found herself at Powdersville Post now after working at several other publications. She is an award-winning journalist with an entrepreneurial spirit and worked as a journalist covering technology, innovation, environmental issues, politics, health etc. Nikki Attkisson has also worked on product development, content strategy, and editorial management for numerous media companies. She began her career at local news stations and worked as a reporter in national newspapers.


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Factors significant for clinical-and-labor prognosis in elderly patients with ischemic heart disease after surgical myocardial revascularization are considered in the article. The authors demonstrate that for each level of the problem there are their own significant factors. Besides, the most essential correlations between investigated factors are marked out. The results obtained will enable to determine more correctly clinical-and-labor prognosis for patients with ischemic heart disease and develop their efficient rehabilitation programs. It is demonstrated that elderly patients have some features of vital activity restriction which are necessary to take into account while medical social expertise and rehabilitation program development.
Caries incidence, oral hygiene and local immunity were studied in children living in the areas with soil deficient for zinc and with that with the normal levels of this metal. Higher DCL index, elevated values of the Fedorov-Volodkina oral hygiene index, and lowered levels of salivary secretory IgA and lysozyme were revealed in those living in the areas with soils deficient for zinc.
Circadian blood pressure profile (CBPP) is considered to be a functional characteristic of the cardiovascular system, which reflects the severity and pathogenetic peculiarities of arterial hypertension. At the same time, blood pressure dynamics also depends on the state of environmental factors, the heliogeophysical medium in particular, which plays an important part in the formation of northern ecology. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the peculiarities of the correlations between morphofunctional characteristics of the cardiovascular system, circadian blood pressure rhythms in particular, and heliogeophysical environmental factors under North conditions. The data of 24-hour blood pressure monitoring (BPM) and echoCG, and the heliogeophysical factors during different ontogenesis periods in 257 residents of North and medium latitudes with arterial hypertension (AH), were analyzed. A considerable disorder of CBPP, manifesting by an insufficient (less than 10%) night-time decrease in blood pressure, was revealed in 46% of the hypertensive subjects, who lived in North. The circadian rhythm amplitude was low in cases of a high degree of coupling of hemodynamic indices with geomagnetic activity during the study. The study did not reveal such CBPP disturbances in AH patients living in medium latitudes. Left ventricular hypertrophy was more frequent in patients with an insufficient night-time BP decrease vs. patients with a normal one (39.7% and 22.2%, respectively). A test allowing evaluation of the hemodynamic mechanisms of magnetotropic responses to changes in heliogeophysical environment, was developed. This diagnostic test uses EchoCG and testing exposure to constant magnetic field, and is based on evaluation of changes in central hemodynamics allowing for the balance of geomagnetic activity during early ontogenesis and during the study.
Exposed to environmental pollution with emissions from industrial enterprises, the population of their contiguous rural areas faces a high risk of their health. The studies of the health status of the population from the contiguous rural areas versus that from the non-contiguous ones have established that measurements of a risk to the children's health revealed the highest risk among the contiguous areas in the Sterlitamaksky district and the least risk among the non-contiguous ones in the Askinsky district. The markers of carcinogenic ill-being in the contiguous rural areas were the incidence of cancer of the lip, esophagus, stomach, larynx, cervix uteri, uterine appendages, and prostate and leukemia. The high risk of cancer of the lip and esophagus in the control area and in other non-contiguous rural areas may be accounted for by the bad life-style in villagers, alcohol abuse, and smoking.
The paper deals with the problems of medical and ecological escorts of space rocket-making activities. The properties of one of the highly toxic components of propellant - asymmetric dimethylhydrazine as a substance assigned to a class of ecological toxicants, are considered. The data obtained on implementing the program for a study of the health status in the population living not far from the asymmetric dimethylhydrazine-polluted areas are presented. The authors propose to consider a package of measures that can apply the systems approach to securing the safety of the population to live and work in areas under space-rocket making activities, which is based on the prevention principle provided by the Rio de Janeiro Environment and Development Declaration.
Non-invasive methods of sampling and a range of immunological assays for mass ecologo-hygienic studies of population were developed and introduced into practice in Sysin Scientific Research Institute of Human Ecology and Environmental Hygiene of Russian Academy of Medical Sciences. The studied materials were saliva, urine, breast milk, the condition of lymph nodes, and anamnesis. The complex of non-invasive methods was shown to be less complicated and, at the same time, informative and cheap, which allows recommending it for sociohygienic monitoring when performing mass hygienic studies.
The authors adduce the ecologo-hygienic characterization of the most significant dwelling environmental factors, such as chemical air pollution, microclimatic parameters, biological pollution, noise, electromagnetic fields, light, etc. They have developed a conception of providing ecologo-hygienic dwelling safety.
The study determined the overall contribution of atmospheric air pollution and socioeconomic and other factors on population health, as well as the role of medical providence in the lowering of population morbidity. The study shows that different individual factors of medical providence have different effects on medicodemographic situation. Also different is the significance of various characteristics of socioeconomic conditions. The results demonstrate that the contribution of air pollutants and their mixtures into male and female mortality in various age groups is different and depends on the cause of death and pathogenetic peculiarities of the action of the components.
Regularly published national reports on population health in Russian Federation, based on the results of statistic analyses and the data from hygienic and epidemiological studies, demonstrate associations between exposure to hazardous environmental factors and population morbidity. Research into correlations between exposure to such factors and population health status using extensive databases, makes it possible to obtain statistically significant results and put forward hypotheses for epidemiological studies. The aim of this research was to study the levels and dynamics of population mortality, and atmospheric air condition, as well as correlations between them in regional centers of Russian Federation. The study covers the period from 1985 through 1998.
The authors discuss the basic concepts of a system developed to evaluate health hazards associated with short-term exposure of different population groups to inhaled chemicals, including exposure that takes place in emergency situations. The article contains examples of acute exposition profiles for the most wide-spread air pollutants, such as nitrogen dioxide, ozone, sulfur dioxide, and carbon monoxide, developed using quantitative values of short-term exposure risk criteria.
The elaboration of a computer-aided system for registration and analysis of occupational diseases (OD) is extremely important to obtain valid data on the size and composition of a contingent of registered patients; on the distribution of patients by nosological entities and the severity of a pathological process; on the frequency of complications and comorbidity; on the presence of harmful industrial factors that favor disability and present a risk for OD.


ANC has recently made significant strides in the research and development of an innovative Energy Saving Device, in collaboration with Juventus Shipping and Investment Ltd. This cutting-edge device is specifically designed to enhance the performance of its SeaStallion fleet, particularly during challenging weather conditions.
To ensure the device's efficacy and validate its potential benefits, rigorous tank test runs were conducted over a two-day period at the PSV tank-testing basin in Postam. These tests sought to assess the device's performance under simulated sea conditions and evaluate its impact on fuel efficiency and overall vessel performance.
We are delighted to announce that the tank test runs have been successfully completed, with promising initial results showcasing the device's potential to deliver substantial energy savings for the SeaStallion fleet. The data obtained during these tests will now undergo meticulous analysis and verification to yield comprehensive and accurate outcomes.
ANC is eagerly anticipating the final results, which are scheduled to be published next month. Once the analysis is complete, the company will have a better understanding of the device's capabilities and the extent to which it can optimize fuel consumption and operational efficiency, ultimately benefitting both the company and the environment.


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Two men who secreted electrical tools in empty toilet boxes from a Valley Stream Home Depot store were arrested Sunday on their fourth trip to the hardware giant in a week, police said.
Nassau County police said they arrested Ganesh Persaud, 42, and Abdul R. Azimulla, 45, on two counts of fourth-degree grand larceny and petty larceny, after Home Depot security recognized the two from their shopping sprees the week before. Both men live in Ozone Park.
Police said video surveillance on the morning of Sept. 8 caught the two men placing assorted electrical tools in the toilet boxes at the store, 101 Green Acres Rd. in Valley Stream.
One of the men went to a self check-out and paid for the toilets, but not the items in the box, police said. The pair returned twice more that day, placing additional items on carts and leaving without paying.
They returned to the store again Sunday about 9:15 a.m. Security officers recognized them and notified police, who arrested the two without incident.
The men were scheduled to be arraigned Monday at First District Court in Hempstead.

domain: law


Looking for a great REFURBISH opportunity for a BAKER 75′ Aerialscope Tower Ladder? We have the perfect donor unit for you! It’s a 1984 Mack Baker diesel/automatic 75′ scope with an updated bucket platform. The bucket is the same as current production models, and it alone is worth almost $ 20,000. The truck is fully operational and was certified when it came out of service. The cab and body have typical mack rust on them, but the aerial device works perfectly and it comes with a bed of aluminum ground ladders. This unit is perfect if your department wants to get a 75′ Scope that can be refurbished on the chassis of your choice. Please contact us today, its well worth it for $ 11,000!
MACK DIESEL Engine Model E6-672
ALLISON HT 740D automatic transmission
HOURS – 5556
WEIGHT – 47,000 lbs.
38’9″ Long 11’3″ High


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When the weather gets hot, cool off with a dried fruit freeze. These delicious frozen treats look like milk shakes and taste like milk shakes. But look twice, they arenít as decadent as they appear. Made with skimmed milk, fruit juice and dried fruit, Fruit Freezes are low in fat and contain only natural fruit sugars. Best of all, Fruit Freezes are incredibly easy to make.
Spoon fruit and juice mixture into plastic ice cube trays and freeze. You can make several batches of different flavored cubes and store them in plastic bags. These frozen fruit cubes may be stored indefinitely.
To make your fruit freeze, pour 1 cup of low or non-fat milk into a blender. Add 2 or 3 frozen fruit cubes. Blend until thick. If you prefer an extra thick shake add another frozen fruit cube.
It is as simple as that. Now, all is left is to enjoy your shake.
Favorite Frosty Combinations
Once you have the basic idea of a fruit freeze, let your imagination go. Mix and match flavors, use yogurt instead of milk, add nuts, spices, etc.


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Transmission Excerpt from The Reconnections.......
"Creation and Perception"
It is most important that you begin to look at everything you previously considered "self" and realize that the totality of that represents only a tiny portion of you---a little piece of Infinity that was "chipped off" to enter this World of Form.
It has been written that the Eternal Creator has fashioned the work of His hands "in His own Image." Realize now that the universe of your perception: the people, places, objects, and interactive processes once thought of as "containing you--but still essentially separate" is nothing more than a gigantic self-portrait, painted in continually expanding, repetitive patterns in every direction into infinity. This is so because, in order to perceive something, a person has to interpret the images that are being fed to his brain. With that interpretation, the observer becomes the creator of his personal reality. The grid through which all images and information passes is made entirely of each individual's unique vibratory essence. Therefore, his reality always "looks like him."
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text: Solon High School's talented show choir "Music In Motion" has won 7 Grand Championships over the last two years. This year they've already captured Best Vocals and Best Instrumental Combo in show choir competitions. Music In Motion is hosting the Solon Show Choir Invitational on Saturday March 2nd at Solon High School. They hope you can make it! Daytime competition happens from 9am-6pm. The Top 6 choirs compete at 7:30pm. Music in Motion performs at 10:30pm.

domain: artistic