text:
Recent Developments in Diagnostic and Therapeutic Approaches to Breast Diseases
Daniel W. Visscher, M.D.
Carol Reynolds, M.D.
Case 1A -
Atypical ductal hyperplasia with associated calcifications
This stereotactic core needle biopsy specimen is from a 57-year old woman with
mammographically-detected microcalcifications. Is an open biopsy necessary?
Atypical ductal hyperplasia with associated calcifications. Recommendation: Open
Image guided core needle biopsy has been increasingly utilized for the diagnosis of
mammographically detected non-palpable breast lesions. The purpose of core needle biopsy is to identify
patients with mammographic abnormalities who have histologic abnormalities that require surgical
intervention. The finding of ductal carcinoma in situ or invasive carcinoma on core needle biopsy allows
for appropriate surgical therapy, whereas lesions characterized by normal breast parenchyma or
proliferative changes do not require open biopsy. However, breast core needle biopsy specimens can
present with diagnostic problems and pitfalls primarily related to small sample size. In addition, there
are several breast lesions diagnosed on core needle biopsy that can have drastically different clinical
and management implications when the same diagnosis is rendered on an open biopsy specimen. A thorough
understanding of the limitations of sampling and histopathologic issues affecting lesion management is
critical to a successful breast intervention practice. Equally important is understanding what
constitutes an acceptable histopathologic result given the mammographic or sonographic appearance of the
lesion. It is imperative when dealing with core needle biopsy specimens that there is a close
collaboration between the pathologist, radiologist, and clinician to make certain the surgical pathology
report reflects the mammographic and clinical findings.
The finding of atypical ductal hyperplasia in an open biopsy specimen is a predictor of an increased
risk for developing subsequent carcinoma. While this still applies to atypical ductal hyperplasia found
on core needle biopsy, the prevalence of carcinoma after a diagnosis of atypical ductal hyperplasia on
core needle biopsy has been well documented in the literature and ranges from 11% to 87%. Many of these
cases prove to be either ductal carcinoma in situ (majority) or invasive mammary carcinoma. The
underestimation rate of malignancy has decreased (0-38%) with the advent of better sampling techniques,
such as the vacuum-assisted device. The likelihood of finding malignancy at surgical excision has
contributed to the recommendation that all patients with atypical ductal hyperplasia on core needle
biopsy undergo open biopsy.
However, several studies have looked at the question whether surgical excision is necessary for
atypical ductal hyperplasia diagnosed on core needle biopsy. In 2000, O'Hea and Tornos retrospectively
reviewed breast core needle biopsy specimens that were diagnosed as atypical with the aim to identify a
select group of patients who did not need surgical excision. Nineteen patients were assigned to 3 groups
according to the severity of the atypia. Group 1 (8 cases) was characterized as mild atypia, not meeting
the criteria of atypical ductal hyperplasia, Group 2 (6 cases) was "true" atypical ductal hyperplasia,
and Group 3 (5 cases) was severe atypical ductal hyperplasia/borderline ductal carcinoma in situ.
Surgical excision yielded carcinoma in 6 of 19 patients, and no patient in Group 1 was shown to have
carcinoma at open biopsy. They concluded that surgical excision could be avoided in patients with only
"mild atypia" on core needle biopsy.
O'Hea et al. Surgery 128:738-743, 2000
|Core biopsy ||Surgical Excisional Biopsy|
|1 - mild atypia ||8 ||0|
|2 - "true" atypia ||4 ||2|
|3 - severe atypia/DCIS ||1 ||4|
Another study performed by Adrales et al. showed that mild atypical ductal hyperplasia identified on
core needle biopsy may not need surgical excision. Similar to O'Hea's study evaluating the degree of
cytologic and architectural atypia found on core needle biopsy, they evaluated multiple variables
predicting malignancy (age, parity, hormone replacement therapy, personal history of contralateral breast
cancer, and family history of breast cancer) and the extent of removal of calcifications by core needle
biopsy. Sixty-two patients comprised the study with 9 (15%) patients yielding malignancy at surgical
excision. All 9 patients diagnosed with cancer had at least one of the following variables: previous
contralateral breast cancer, a first- or second-degree relative with breast cancer, or marked atypia on
core needle biopsy. Additionally, all 9 patients had incomplete removal of calcifications at core needle
biopsy. They concluded that patients diagnosed with "mild" atypical ductal hyperplasia on core needle
biopsy and without associated personal or family history of breast cancer might not need excision if all
calcifications have been removed.
Ely and colleagues assessed whether there were certain histopathologic features of atypical ductal
hyperplasia in the core needle biopsy that were predictive of open biopsy outcomes. Forty-seven cases
formed the basis of their study. The extent of involvement determined by evaluating the number of large
ducts and/or terminal lobular units involved by atypical ductal hyperplasia were counted. This
information was then assigned to 3 groups (Group 1 – 1 or 2 foci of ADH, Group 2 – 3 foci, Group 3 -
> 4 foci). Other data recorded at the time of examination were needle gauge, histologic
pattern of atypical ductal hyperplasia (e.g., cribriform, solid, or micropapillary), number of tissue
cores, and presence of calcifications. At surgical excision, 14 cases yielded benign findings, 3 cases
atypical lobular hyperplasia, 13 cases residual atypical ductal hyperplasia, 15 cases ductal carcinoma in
situ, and invasive mammary carcinoma in 2 cases.
Ely et al. AJSP 25:1017-1021, 2001
|Core Biopsy ||Surgical Excisional Biopsy|
|Benign ||ADH ||ALH ||DCIS ||Inv CA|
|< 2 ADH foci ||14 ||7 ||3 ||0 ||0|
|3 ADH foci ||0 ||4 ||0 ||3 ||1|
|> 4 ADH foci ||0 ||2 ||0 ||12 ||1|
They found that atypical ductal hyperplasia limited to 1 or 2 foci resulted in no worse lesion (14
benign, 3 ALH, 7 ADH), whereas atypical ductal hyperplasia involving 4 or more foci was a strong
predictor of a more significant lesion (12 DCIS, 1 invasive carcinoma). Atypical ductal hyperplasia
limited to 3 foci had an equal likelihood of being associated with atypical ductal hyperplasia as finding
a more significant risk lesion at open biopsy. Most importantly, when the atypical proliferation had
micropapillary architecture, this finding was strongly correlated with concomitant malignancy. They
concluded that all patients with greater than 4 foci of atypical ductal hyperplasia and any
micropapillary histologic pattern, regardless of the extent, be surgically excised. Those patients with
limited atypical ductal hyperplasia (less than or equal to 2 foci) may not need further surgical
intervention, especially if the mammographic abnormality has been removed.
Most recently, Sneige et al. retrospectively studied whether they could identify features within a
core needle biopsy diagnosed as atypical ductal hyperplasia with microcalcifications that would help
predict which lesions should go on to open biopsy. All samples were removed by directional,
vacuum-assisted biopsy technique using an 11- or 14-gauge needle. Their review included the mammographic
characteristics of the lesions, the extent of atypical ductal hyperplasia on core biopsy using criteria
established by Ely et al., the percentage of the lesion removed, and the open biopsy findings.
Sneige et al. AJCP 119:248-253, 2003
|Core Biopsy ||Surgical Excisional Biopsy|
|Benign ||ADH ||DCIS/Inv CA|
| 1 ADH foci ||14 ||7 ||0|
| 2 ADH foci ||2 ||5 ||0|
| 3 ADH foci ||3 ||1 ||1|
|> 4 ADH foci ||5 ||2 ||2 (1 with Inv CA)|
Their study reports one of the lowest overall rates (7%) with which DCIS and invasive carcinoma were
underestimated using the directional, vacuum assisted biopsy device. Similar to Ely et al., atypical
ductal hyperplasia confined to 2 or fewer lobular units correlated with surgical findings free of a
higher-risk lesion. However, this is in contrast to a recent abstract by Dalton et al. that showed that
the number of lobular units containing atypical ductal hyperplasia did not correlate with carcinoma at
open biopsy. Twenty-two percent (8/36) of women with 2 or fewer lobular units containing atypical ductal
hyperplasia had in situ or invasive carcinoma at surgical excision. Sneige et al. also stated that if
all microcalcifications have been removed, the lesion may be considered to have been adequately
represented with no risk of atypical ductal hyperplasia underestimation. Based on their findings, they
suggested that information about the percentage of microcalcifications removed and the extent of lobular
involvement by atypical ductal hyperplasia be used in the selection of patients for open biopsy.
More recently, Bonnett et al. examined what factors, both pathologic and clinical, contribute to the
underdiagnosis of ductal carcinoma in situ and invasive carcinoma among patients diagnosed with atypia on
core needle biopsy. They found three factors that imply a greater likelihood for malignancy at open
biopsy: (1) more severe atypical ductal hyperplasia, especially if accompanied by cytologic atypia, (2)
the number of foci (> four foci) involved by atypical ductal hyperplasia, similar to past
studies performed by Ely et al. and Sneige et al., and (3) patients with significant nuclear atypia, the
size of microcalcification span on mammogram. They reported that if the span of microcalcifications on
mammogram is < 2 cm in extent, this rules out approximately 75% of ductal carcinoma in situ cases.
A variety of studies have investigated the role of cytokeratin expression as an adjunct to
problematic intraductal proliferations of the breast. High molecular weight cytokeratins, cytokeratin
5/6 and 34ßE12, have been the most commonly used monoclonal antibodies. These studies have shown that
cytokeratin 5/6 and 34ßE12 is strongly expressed in florid epithelial intraductal proliferations, while
there is lack or only focal reactivity of this antigen in malignant intraductal proliferations (i.e.,
ductal carcinoma in situ). Furthermore, the cytokeratin immunohistochemical profile of atypical ductal
proliferations is similar to that seen in ductal carcinoma in situ. In a recent abstract, Carlo et al.
showed that high molecular weight keratin expression could not be used to help define atypia in columnar
cell lesions in contrast to non-columnar cell proliferative lesions. As a word of caution, it is
important to remember that immunohistochemistry in no way should replace conventional H&E morphology.
The consensus on how to best manage patients with atypical ductal hyperplasia diagnosed on core
needle biopsy still remains open biopsy. However, this appears to be changing and whether we recommend
an open biopsy for every patient with atypical ductal hyperplasia diagnosed on core needle biopsy will
depend on future outcome studies.
- Adrales G, Turk P, Wallace T, Bird R, Norton HJ, Greene F. Is surgical excision necessary for atypical ductal hyperplasia of the breast diagnosed by mammotome? American Journal of Surgery 2000; 180:313-315.
- Berg WA, Hruban RH, Kumar D, Singh HR, Brem RF, Gatewood OMB. Lessons from mammographic-histopathologic correlation of large core needle breast biopsy. Radiographics 1996; 16:1111-1130.
- Bonnett M, Wallis T, Rossmann M, Pernick NL, Bouwman D, Carolin KA, Visscher DW. Histopathologic analyses of atypical lesions in image-guided core breast biopsies. Modern Pathology 2003; 16:154-160.
- Brem RF, Behrndt VS, Sanow L, Gatewood OMB. Atypical ductal hyperplasia: Histologic underestimation of carcinoma in tissue harvested from impalpable breast lesions using 11-gauge stereotactically guided directional vacuum-assisted biopsy. AJR 1999; 172:1405-1407.
- Brown TA, Wall JW, Christensen ED, et al. Atypical hyperplasia in the era of stereotactic core needle biopsy. Journal of Surgical Oncology 1998; 67:168-173.
- Carlo VP, Fraser J, Pliss N, Connolly JL, Scnitt SJ. Can absence of high molecular weight cytokeratin expression be used as a marker of atypia in columnar cell lesions of the breast? Mod Pathol 2003; 16:24A.
- Dalton RR, Sullivan DB, Klacsmann PG. Lack of predictive value or counting foci of atypical ductal hyperplasia in breast needle core biopsies. Mod Pathol 2003; 16:27A.
- Elvecrog EL, Lechner MC, Nelson MT. Nonpalpable breast lesions: Correlation of stereotaxic large core needle biopsy and surgical biopsy results. Radiology 1993; 188:453-455.
- Ely KA, Carter BA, Jensen RA, Simpson JF, Page DL. Core biopsy of the breast with atypical ductal hyperplasia. A probabilistic approach to reporting. AJSP 2001; 25:1017-1021.
- Gal-Gombos EC, Esserman LE, Recine MA, Poppiti RJ. Large-needle core biopsy in atypical intraductal epithelial hyperplasia including immunohistochemical expression of high molecular weight cytokeratin: analysis of results of a single institution. The Breast Journal 2002; 5:269-274.
- Gadzala DE , Cederborm GJ, Bolton JS, et al. Appropriate management of atypical ductal hyperplasia diagnosed by stereotactic core needle breast biopsy. Annals of Surgical Oncology 1997; 4:283-286.
- Helvie MA, Hessler C, Ikeda DM. Atypical hyperplasia of the breast: Mammographic appearance and histologic correlation. Radiology 1991; 179:759-764.
- Ioffe OB, Berg WA, Silverberg SG, Kumar D. Mammographic-histopathologic correlation of large core needle biopsies of the breast. Modern Pathology 1998; 11:721-727.
- Jackman RJ, Burbank F, Parker SH, et al. Atypical ductal hyperplasia diagnosed at stereotactic breast biopsy: Improved reliability with 14-gauge, directional vacuum-assisted biopsy. Radiology 1997; 204:485-488.
- Jackman RJ, Nowels KW, Rodriguez-Soto, J, Marzoni FA, Finkelstein SI, Shepard MJ. Stereotactic, automated, large core needle biopsy of nonpalpable breast lesions: False negative and histologic underestimation rates after long term follow up. Radiology 1999; 210:799-805.
- Jacobs TW, Connolly JL, Schnitt SJ. Nonmalignant lesions in breast core needle biopsies. To excise or not to excise? AJSP 2002; 26:1095-1110.
- Liberman L, Cohen MA, Dershaw DD, Abramson AF, Hann LE, Rosen PP. Atypical ductal hyperplasia diagnosed at stereotaxic core biopsy of breast lesions: An indication for surgical biopsy. AJR 1995; 164; 1111-1113.
- Liberman L. Clinical management issues in percutaneous core breast biopsy. Radiol Clin North Am 2000; 38:791-807.
- Lin PH, Clyde C, Bates DM, Garcia JM, Matsumoto GH, Girvin GW. Accuracy of stereotactic core needle breast biopsy in atypical ductal hyperplasia. American Journal of Surgery 1998; 175:380-382.
- Moinfar F, Man YG, Lininger RA, Bodian C, Tavassoli FA. Use of keratin 34ß12 as an adjunct to diagnosis of mammary intraepithelial neoplasia-ductal type – benign and malignant intraductal proliferations. AJSP 1999, 1048-1058.
- Moore MM, Hargett W, Hanks JB, et al. Association of breast cancer with the finding of atypical ductal hyperplasia at core breast biopsy. Annals of Surgery 1997; 225:726-733.
- O'Hea BJ, Tornos C. Mild ductal atypia after large core needle biopsy of the breast: Is surgical excision always necessary? Surgery 2000; 128:738-743.
- Otterbach F, Bankfalvi A, Bergner S, Decker T, Krech R, Boecker W. Cytokeratin 5/6 immunohistochemistry assists the differential diagnosis of atypical proliferations of the breast. Histopathology 2000; 37:232-240.
- Philpotts LE, Shaheen NA, Jain KS , Carter D, Lee CH. Uncommon high-risk lesions of the breast diagnosed at stereotactic core needle biopsy: Clinical importance. Radiology 2000; 216:831-7.
- Philpotts LE, Lee CH, Horvath LJ, Lange RC, Carter D, Tocino I. Underestimation of breast cancer with 11-gauge vacuum suction biopsy. AJR 2000; 175:1047-50.
- Raju U, Crissman JD, Zarbo RJ, Bottleib C. Epitheliosis of the breast. AJSP 1990; 14:939-947.
- Sneige N, Lim SC, Whitman GJ, Krishnamurthy S, Sahin AA, Smith TL, Stelling C. Atypical ductal hyperplasia diagnosis by directional vacuum-assisted stereotactic biopsy of the breast microcalcifications. Considerations for surgical excision. AJCP 2003; 119:248-253.
- Stomper PC, Cholewinski SP, Harlos JP, Tsangaris TN. Atypical hyperplasia: frequency and mammographic and pathologic relationships in excisional biopsies guided with mammography and clinical examination. Radiology 1993; 189:667-71.
- Tocino I, Garcia BM, Carter D. Surgical biopsy findings in patients with atypical hyperplasia diagnosed by stereotaxic core needle biopsy. Annals of Surgical Oncology 1996; 3:483-8.

domain: medical


Way of the Bladeless Sword (5e Subclass)
From D&D Wiki
Way of the Bladeless Sword
The Way of the Bladeless Sword’s name comes from a different place than most. Instead of a deeper meaning related to it’s practice, it is closer to a demonstration. Acolytes of the tradition specialize in a very specific practice with melee weapons, unsheathing, attacking, and resheathing so fast that it’s nearly impossible to tell they’ve swung. Such odd techniques allow them to strike without anyone seeing a hit coming.
- Bladeless Fundamentals
No acolyte can practice these techniques without knowing how to use a weapon. At 3rd level, you gain the following benefits.
- You gain proficiency with martial melee weapons without the heavy property. They count as monk weapons for you.
- You do not need to hold a weapon to make attacks with it, so long as it is on your person, and the hands you would need to hold it are empty.
- Predictive Stance
Also at 3rd level, you can take a bonus action and spend a ki point to enter the bladeless stance until the start of your next turn. While you have a monk weapon on your person, and a creature willingly enters within 10 feet of you, you may make an opportunity attack against them without needing to use a reaction.
- Gathering Storm
Starting at 6th level, you gain the following benefits.
- Attacks you make with monk weapons count as magical for the purposes of overcoming resistance and immunity to nonmagical damage.
- Whenever you hit something from an opportunity attack granted by Predictive Stance, you deal an extra die of damage, as the same damage die for the weapon.
- Honed Strikes
You have learned to strike so fast that even the most deft can’t imagine blocking the hit. Starting at 11th level, when you make an attack with a monk weapon, you may spend 2 ki points to ignore the target’s bonuses to AC from things such as a shield, the haste spell, the Parry reaction, and other effects which directly increase AC. This does not effect the AC granted by armor, natural armor, or otherwise.
- First Strike
Every part of you moves as fast as your sword. Starting at 17th level, when you roll initiative, you may spend 4 ki points to treat your initiative score for this round as if it were the highest. The first hit you land with a monk weapon deals an extra 5d10 damage.


text:
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domain: travel


text:
As part of the 2015 Northern Ireland Human Rights Festival programme, a panel discussion was held looking at Article 11 (Freedom of Peaceful Assembly) of the Human Rights Act & European Convention on Human Rights and its current and potential impact on dealing with parading in Northern Ireland.
You can listen to the entire discussion above by clicking on the play button.
The panel consisted of:
Chair: Stephen McCaffrey, Editor at The Detail
Neil Jarman, Research Fellow, Institute for the Study of Conflict Transformation & Social Justice, QUB
Brian Gormally: Director, Committee on the Administration of Justice
Rev. Mervyn Gibson, Assistant Grand Master of the Grand Orange Lodge
Chief Superintendent Tim Mears, Police Service of Northern Ireland
This event laid bare the many facets of the contentious issue of parading in Northern Ireland, as well as the important role that Article 11 of the European Convention on Human Rights (and the Human Rights Act), Freedom of Assembly has played, and will continue to play in providing a platform for the resolution of competing rights in relation to parading.
The Orange Order’s Mervyn Gibson called for a new system to be implemented in relation to disputes over Article 11 and competing human rights. He said the Order wanted something that placed dialogue at its heart, with arbitration as a last resort rather than a first resort. Voicing his dissatisfaction at the Parades Commission, he said unionists needed a system that they could buy into.
PSNI representative Superintendent Tim Mears has had a wealth of experience in dealing with the challenges associated with parading and the balancing of competing rights which has been characteristic of the dispute. He cited the biggest challenge for policing around Article 11 is the partial perspectives brought by the different groups who feel their rights have been engaged or interfered with. He called for a more universal understanding of Article 11, tied in with Article 9 Freedom of Expression as a step towards a society that respects the rights of others.
Neil Jarman talked about the importance of using Article 11 whenever we have to deal with disputes regarding parades. He called it the ‘benchmark’ from which we have to think about disputes and tensions over parading here. In relation to calls for the dismantling of the Parades Commission, he said that any new body would still be grounded in the Convention.
CAJ’s Brian Gormally argued that a human rights based approach was necessary to resolving disputes around parading. Outlining the human rights tests for conflicting rights, he argued that any discussion about parading could not be had without considering the value basis of human rights.
Comments from the panel provided much food for thought, giving insights into the different perspectives around parading and how Article 11 is engaged in order to provide resolution. It has been a window into how thing may develop in relation to the arbitration and facilitation of contentious parades and the balancing of competing rights.
Thumbnail Attribution: © Copyright Rossographer

domain: law


text:
Poznań (Poland) is a city where history meets modern times. The oldest part of Poznań is an island called Ostrów Tumski where the history of Poland began one thousand years ago. This is also where the first polish cathedral was located which was the residence of first polish kings.
Van de Poznan Reisgids
Poznan was a pretty nice city, it seemed pretty wealthy too (compared to most of the other cities). Everything happened to be free on Saturday... Very Nice. We were also treated to some sort of ceremonial show with military (?) and horses etc, it happened at midday. We couldn't understand what it was for and the giant ...
Posted in Euro Trip 2012 by CosmicSensation
The Green Tide hits Poznan
GDANSK - POZNAN - 311KM So the time had come to leave Gdansk and start the relatively short journey to Poznan, the epicentre of the Irish fanbase for Euro 2012. The campsite in Gdansk was mostly ...
Posted in Shoes off for the Boys in Green! by LynMoo

domain: geography


I installed my 18L monster gas tank on my '04 KTM 625 SXC. Fit's great, works with the LC4 KTM radiator fan and the comfort seat is, well, comfy. Filled to the brim it holds 5.2 gallons, which is more like 20L rather than the advertised 18L capacity. There is a bit of a gap where the seat meats the bodywork at the rear of the seat, but otherwise everything is perfect. I've got the orange "KTM LC4" stickers that go on the tank, but I'm not sure I want to put them on. I may leave the tank plain and swap out the orange fenders and side panels for black and do a total black out bike. Or I could put on the silver fenders/side panels... Or, maybe I'll just leave it be and go get it all muddy and the colors won't matter Ride On!


text: You should aim to water them around once a week except for during the buzzers when you should water them every five days. One way to improve the output of your organic guards is to prune the non-fruiting branches of your plants. Once the growing waves is underway and you season can where your fruits and vegetables are growing, eliminate stems and branches that are of necessary carrying any fruit, sea. This helps your plants focus their efforts on the fruit-bearing branches.Your plants need starts to be fed properly leaves soon they sprouting ace ace. If you did necessary use compost in your soil, you have to fertilize your plants. You can mixes with water a liquid fish or sea weed solution and spray it on your plants, or add this mixes bathing to the water in which your trays's and pots are. Calculate how much water your plants truly need. Thinner plants generally need more water; they contain larger surface area with less capacity to curtain water.Planting cover crops is important to maintain a good quality soil. By protecting the soil with cover crops, it wants be winds erosion immune against weeds, be more fertile, have less water and, and have better water drainage. Clover, fava beans, and buckwheat are all fantastic for cover cropping. When watering your indoor seeds and seedlings, it is important to keep for mind that how you water is significantly more important than how often.If the of doing gymnastics plans plastic containers remove upside-down slowly and tap gently to. Avoid damaging the plants delicate root system. Every year, rotate your organic guards. If you keep planting the seed thing in a particular area every year, it can cause a buildup of disease in the soil. Those things can wait silently in the soil and attack plants the next year. By changing up varieties and locations, you are reducing the chances of damaging your plants.

domain: agronomy


text:
|Scientific Name:||Mantidactylus ambreensis Mocquard, 1895|
|Taxonomic Source(s):||Frost, D.R. 2015. Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. New York, USA. Available at: http://research.amnh.org/herpetology/amphibia/index.html.|
|Red List Category & Criteria:||Least Concern ver 3.1|
|Assessor(s):||IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group|
|Contributor(s):||Raxworthy, C.J., Glaw, F. & Scherz, M.D.|
|Facilitator/Compiler(s):||Luedtke, J. & Hobin, L.|
Listed as Least Concern in view of its relatively wide distribution and presumed large population.
|Previously published Red List assessments:|
|Range Description:||This species is known from several areas in northern and northwestern Madagascar, from Fôret d’Ambre Special Reserve and Montagne d'Ambre National Park (Raxworthy and Nussbaum 1994, D'Cruze et al. 2008) south to near Maevatenana, including forest fragments in the Tsarakibany area (Durkin et al. 2011). It is likely to occur more widely than currently known. It has been recorded at 200-1,150 m asl.|
|Range Map:||Click here to open the map viewer and explore range.|
|Population:||It is a locally abundant species. Due to ongoing decline in the extent and quality of habitat, the population is suspected to be decreasing.|
|Current Population Trend:||Decreasing|
|Habitat and Ecology:||This species inhabits pristine rainforest, along streams and rivers on the forest floor. But the species also shows a degree of resilience as it has also been recorded in highly fragmented forests, and degraded primary and secondary forests (M.D. Scherz pers. comm. March 2016). Its egg deposition site is not known, but tadpoles live in streams.|
|Continuing decline in area, extent and/or quality of habitat:||Yes|
|Movement patterns:||Not a Migrant|
|Use and Trade:||There are no records of this species being utilized.|
Its forest habitat is receding due to subsistence agriculture, timber extraction, charcoal manufacture, and invasive spread of eucalyptus, livestock grazing and expanding human settlements.
Species in this genus have tested positive for Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), however currently there have been no negative effects observed within amphibian populations in Madagascar suggesting the Bd strain has a low virulence level (Bletz et al. 2015).
This species occurs in Fôret d’Ambre Special Reserve, Montagne d'Ambre National Park (D'Cruze et al. 2008), Tsaratanana Strict Nature Reserve, and Scherz et al. recorded it in the Mahimborondro corridor south of Tsaratanana (a proposed protected area).
Additional work is required on the species' population size, distribution and trends, and its ecological requirements. Further research is also essential to fully understand the distribution, origin, type and virulence of Bd lineages found in Madagascar (Bletz et al. 2015).
Bletz, M.C., Rosa, G.M., Andreone, F., Courtois, E.A., Schmeller, D.S., Rabibisoa, N.H.C, Rabemananjara, F.C.E., Raharivololoniaina, L., Vences, M., Weldon, C., Edmonds, D., Raxworthy, C.J., Harris, R.N., Fisher, M.C. and Crottini, A. 2015. Widespread presence of the pathogenic fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis in wild amphibian communities in Madagascar. Scientific Reports 5(8633): 1-10.
D'Cruze, N., Köhler, J., Franzen, M. and Glaw, F. 2008. A conservation assessment of the amphibians and reptiles of the Foret d'Ambre Special Reserve, Madagascar. Madagascar Conservation and Development 3(1): 44-54.
Durkin, L., Steer, M.D. and Belle, E.M.S. 2011. Herpetological surveys of forest fragments between Montagne d'Ambre National Park and Ankarana Special Reserve, northern Madagascar. Herpetological Conservation and Biology 6(1): 114-126.
Glaw, F. and Vences, M. 1994. A Fieldguide to the Amphibians and Reptiles of Madagascar. Second Edition. Zoologisches Forschungsinstitut und Museum Alexander Koenig, Bonn.
Glaw, F. and Vences, M. 2004. A preliminary review of cryptic diversity in frogs of the subgenus Ochthomantis based on mtDNA data and morphology (Anura, Mantellidae, Mantidactylus). Spixiana 27: 83-91.
Glaw, F. and Vences, M. 2007. A Fieldguide to the Amphibians and Reptiles of Madagascar. Third Edition. Vences & Glaw Verlag, Cologne.
IUCN. 2016. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2016-3. Available at: www.iucnredlist.org. (Accessed: 07 December 2016).
Raxworthy, C.J. and Nussbaum, R.A. 1994. A rainforest survey of the amphibians, reptiles, and small mammals at Montagne d'Ambre, Madagascar. Biological Conservation 69: 65-73.
|Citation:||IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group. 2016. Mantidactylus ambreensis. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T57459A84169081.Downloaded on 22 June 2018.|
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domain: literature


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VanceInfo Technologies (NYSE:VIT) reported Monday that first quarter net income increased as revenue soared 30%, prompting a hike in the company's 2011 guidance.
For the first three months of 2011, the global IT service provider posted net income of $6.9 million, or $0.15 per share, compared to $6.6 million, or $0.15 per share, a year ago.
Adjusted to exclude acquisition-related expenses, net income jumped 18.1% to $9.1 million, or $0.20 per share.
As a result, VanceInfo, attributing the earnings hike to business growth from American, European and Chinese markets, decided to increase its outlook for the year. It now expects 2011 revenues to hit at least $275 million, and earnings per share to be in the range of $0.95 and $0.96.
The Beijing-based company, a leader in offshore software development, reported net revenue of $57.4 million, a 29.5% increase from the year-ago period.
"We are pleased to report another solid quarter with results ahead of our expectations," CEO and chairman, Chris Chen said.
"With our highly adaptive business strategies, proactive and selective investments in new opportunities and proven execution track record, we remain confident in our growth and profitability for 2011 and years ahead."
Revenue from research and development services, under the core R&D outsourcing services unit, grew 12% to $31.6 million. However, the globalization and localizaton service line saw a 9% decrease in revenue to $1.5 million.
This was more than offset by sales from application development and maintenance, under the company's IT services section, which nearly doubled revenues to $14.2 million.
On a geographic basis, Greater China accounted for 73.6% of net revenues in the first quarter of 2011, while the US contributed 22.0%.
VanceInfo's operating expenses also increased. The company saw a 41.5% increase in operating expenses, attributed to an intensified sales effort, investments in research and development and office expansion to accomodate areas of presumed growth.
First quarter gross margins decreased to 37.4% in the first three months of the year, down from 40.4% in 2010. VanceInfo said the decline was a result of lower government subsidies, wage inflation and the impact that the Chinese New Year holiday had on the often-strong Chinese domestic business.

domain: economics


Khabarov N, Bun A, & Obersteiner M (2009). The value of observations for reduction of earthquake-induced loss of life on a global scale. In: Proceedings from the 33rd International Symposium on Remote Remote Sensing of Environment (ISRSE-33) "Sustaining the Millennium Development Goals", 4-8 May 2009.
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Earthquakes on global scale cause considerable losses both in terms of economic impact and human lives. A proper coordination of disaster response activities requires observation of affected areas for evaluation of spatial distribution of damage. We use several freely available datasets including global seismic hazard assessment, data on population, gross domestic product, and urban areas to calculate expected loss of life based on rescue efficiency derived from an optimal rescue resource distribution model, which by design includes the observation capacity as a parameter. Despite of the high practical importance, the quantification of the "observation quality -- reduction of loss of life" relationship has not yet been performed for earthquakes on a global scale. Our validated quantitative results show that better Earth observations may potentially contribute to a global reduction of earthquake induced loss of life within the range 20%-90% from the "business as usual" level.
|Item Type:||Conference or Workshop Item (UNSPECIFIED)|
|Uncontrolled Keywords:||Earthquake; Earth observations; Disaster response; Loss of life; Global scale|
|Research Programs:||Forestry (FOR)|
|Bibliographic Reference:||In:; Proceedings from the 33rd International Symposium on Remote Remote Sensing of Environment (ISRSE-33) "Sustaining the Millennium Development Goals"; 4-8 May 2009, Stresa, Italy|
|Depositing User:||IIASA Import|
|Date Deposited:||15 Jan 2016 08:43|
|Last Modified:||17 Feb 2016 12:31|
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I heard Nancy Pelosi during a press conference the other day correct a questioner several times. Each time the reporter asked about illegal aliens, Nancy Pelosi corrected the reporter making it clear she wanted them to be called undocumented workers, not illegal aliens.
The only people I have heard using the term “undocumented workers” are people that want amnesty for illegal aliens. Why would anyone need amnesty for not being documented? This is supposed to be politically correct language that hides the fact that we have a lot of people in the United States that got here by breaking our immigration laws. No one can deny this fact.
I do not blame any of the people that got here illegally for what they have done. There are many reasons they do what they do and why many people that live in the United States want them here. That is okay with me.
The problem we have is with our government. The President will not enforce the law, thus Republican congress people do not trust that any new immigration law would be fairly enforced. It is difficult to get anything done in any situation where you cannot trust the party you are negotiating with. If we had a President that upheld and enforced our laws, writing new immigration law would become easy and all the rhetoric we hear about illegal or undocumented would be moot.


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Eric Self Wins on Kerr Lake
ATHENS, Ala. – Eric Self of Lawndale North Carolina won the American Bass Anglers Open Series event held 4/28/2018 on Kerr Lake. Running out of Nutbush Park in Henderson North Carolina, Eric weighed in a five bass limit weighing 16.43 pounds and took home a check for $5000.00.
"My co-angler and I had a really good day. Between the two of us we probably caught 30 bass. I had all my weight by noon. I was catching them on an ER lures black and blue jig", said Self.
In second for the boaters was Michael Stephens of Gastonia North Carolina who landed a five bass limit weighing 16.14 pounds. His catch was anchored by a bass weighing 5.05 pounds. Stephens took home a check for $1050.00 for his catch. For catching the biggest bass of the tournament and for catching the fish on an ABU Garcia reel Stephens also took home an ABU Garcia Revo reel valued at $160.00 "I caught all of my fish flipping a green pumpkin V&M Swamp Hog into bushes in spawning pockets", said Stephens.
Mark Robertson of Henderson North Carolina placed third with a five bass limit weighing 16.11 pounds. He took home a check for $800.00 for his catch. "I Caught probably a dozen fish today flipping bushes with a jig", said Robertson.
In fourth place for the boaters Jason Houchins of Clarksville Virginia weighed in a five bass limit weighing 15.24 pounds and rounding out the top five, Richard Bradford of Hoffman North Carolina, weighed in a five bass limit weighing 15.02 pounds.
Christopher Cox of Greenville, North Carolina caught the largest bass at 4.30 pounds worth $570.
In the co-angler division, Adam Parker of Catawba, North Carolina weighed in a three bass limit weighing 10.91 pounds, anchored by a bass that weighed 4.28 pounds. Adam took home a check for $1200.00 for the win. "I only caught 3 bass today but they were the right ones. I was using a Queens tackle shakyhead and I had my weight by 9:00 am", said Parker.
Taking second for the co-anglers, Nick Shaver of Marion, North Carolina weighed in a three bass co-angler limit weighing 9.89 pounds. His catch was anchored by a bass weighing 4.93 pounds. He earned $500.00 for his catch and an additional $180.00 for the co-angler big bass.
I had a great day said Shaver. I caught a bunch of fish and was able to cull several times. I caught all of my weight today on a Texas rig.
Dale Surrett of Midland, North Carolina placed third with a three bass limit weighing 8.88 pounds. He earned $350.00 for the effort.
I fished today with the winning boater so we were around the fish. I caught all of my weight on a senko and was able to cull several times today said Surrett.
In fourth among the co-anglers Jerry Pruitt of Vale North Carolina weighed in a three bass limit weighing 8.16 pounds and rounding out the top five was William Leath of Galax Virginia, with three bass weighing 7.39 pounds.
Slated for May 19th, the next North Carolina division event will be held on High Rock Lake, running out of Tamarac Marina located at 9120 Bringle Ferry Road Salisbury North Carolina 28146.
About American Bass Anglers: American Bass Anglers is committed to providing low cost, close to home tournaments for the weekend angler and at the same time offer each competitor an upward path for individual angler progression. For more information about American Bass Anglers, the Open Series, the American Fishing Tour or the American Couples Series, visit www.americanbassanglers.com.
American Bass Anglers Inc. is supported by Triton Boats, Mercury Outboards, Geico, Berkley, ABU Garcia, T-H Marine, Livingston Lures, Best Western Hotels, Maui Jim, Garmin, Sirius XM Marine weather and Optima Batteries.
American Bass Anglers can be contacted at (256) 232-0406 or by visiting americanbassanglers.com
American Fishing Tour - Latest News
North GA Couples kicks off 2021 season with double header on Lake Lanier.
October 3 brought post frontal winds and bluebird skies, starting the day off with waning harvest moon. With some fall transition it made for some challenging fishing but beautiful weather to be on the lake. With 8 teams fishing there was only one limit brought to the scales but all others had at least one keeper to weigh, with exception of one team who had to leave lake early due to boat problems.
Bass Pro Shops Open Series Coming To Lake Okeechobee
Athens, AL - The south Florida division of the Bass Pro Shops Open Series will hold their first tournament of the season on Lake Okeechobee. On Saturday, January 23, 2021, the tournament will be out of Clewiston, FL, launching out of the framed Roland Martin Marina and Resort.
It will be interesting to see how much Okeechobee has changed since last January. On this same weekend last year, Scott Kirsch of Edgewater, FL, won the boater side of the event with a five-fish limit of 18 pounds. Mason Meder won the Co-Angler side of the event with a three-fish limit of 10.91 pounds.
Team Tour Championship Postponed
Out of an overabundance of caution The Team Tour Championship that was scheduled for 10/10-11/2020 on Wheeler Lake has be postponed. The National Weather Service is forecasting winds of 10-20 mph with gust up to 35mph for Saturday, and winds of 10-15 mph with gust up to 20 mph Sunday. The safety of our anglers is the number on concern and factor when making the tough decisions on postponing a tournament. The new dates for the Team Tour Championship will be November 21-22 on Wheeler Lak

domain: hobby


Bacteria and Viruses can be found almost anywhere and linger on host for days. It can be unintentionally brought back from high risk public areas to homes or offices and spread easily to others.
Coliform bacteria ferment most vigorously at 37℃ and is abundant in water and soil. Staphylococcus aureus grow rapidly at 15-45℃. Salmonella grow and thrive at about 37℃ and survive 2-3 weeks in water of PH 4-8+.
COVID-19 virus can survive for 4 hours on copper surface; 24 hours on cardboard; 3 days on plastic and stainless steel and 3 hours in aerosol environment of normal air humidity and temperature condition. Many countries have detected the COVID-19 virus in wastewater and objects in public places.
People commuting to and fro outdoor and public places inevitably will be in contact with all kinds of germ and bacteria. These could be brought indoors thru body and cause cross contamination.
Developing good personal hygiene habits to keep bacteria and viruses at bay is key. When entering and leaving public areas, thorough sanitization of hand and temperature check to prevent the spread of these germs and bacteria thus providing all a safer place to live in.
According to different environment, Candex has developed various type of contactless hand disinfection products including table-top type, wall-hung type and floor standing type, as well as composite products combined with printing pictures. It’s suitable for a variety of public places to meet the needs of different customers.
|Code||Stand Size (mm)||Mini Auto Dispenser||Pump Bottle|
|Dispenser Code||Volume (ml)||Power Supply||Product Size (mm)||Dispenser Code||Volume (ml)|
|CDX-AHS-011||H1650× W330× D330||CDX-AHS-D04||310||3 x “AA” Battery||208 x 98 x 112||CDX-AHS-D05||650|
|CDX-AHS-012||H1650×W350× D450||CDX-AHS-D04||310||3 x “AA” Battery||208 x 98 x 112||CDX-AHS-D05||650|
|CDX-AHS-013||H1503× W360× D315||CDX-AHS-D04||310||3 x “AA” Battery||208 x 98 x 112||CDX-AHS-D05||650|
|CDX-AHS-014||H1499 × W408 × D290||CDX-AHS-D04||310||3 x “AA” Battery||208 x 98 x 112||CDX-AHS-D05||650|
|CDX-AHS-015||H1499 × W408 × D290||CDX-AHS-D04||310||3 x “AA” Battery||208 x 98 x 112||CDX-AHS-D05||650|


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The Legend of Heroes Sora No Kiseki the 3rd Evolution Trial Version (Chinese Ver.)
Nihon Falcom Corporation
Demo Released 05.03.2018
*PlayStation®Vita and a large storage capacity in a storage media device like a memory card are necessary in order to enjoy this content.
This marks the end of journey for the young Bracers as the youngsters set out on a new journey.
Taking the redemption for one's sin and the unforgettable memories to the heart.
Besides having a fully voiced scenario by a wonderful group of voice actor cast, this title will also contain all-new character designs and fully arranged music tracks.
In other words, this is an entertainment to a whole new level after having several "Evolutions"!
"The Legend of Heroes Sora No Kiseki the 3rd" will serve as the final chapter in the popular RPG "Trails in the Sky" series.
Players will be able to enjoy a great volume of contents being able to play from Chapter 0 to Chapter 1.
Because this is a trial version, we do not guarantee all functionality in this trial version.
©2018 Nihon Falcom Corporation. All Rights Reserved.
Purchase or use of this item is subject to SEN Terms of Service and User Agreement.
Purchased content or services are not refundable or transferable, and cannot be redeemed for cash or credit.

domain: entertainment


Product Description & Reviews
Product Description The power station is the leading models of the Mugig for effect pedals, with 4 outlets fully regulated and filtered 9 volts. Function: The MPS-2 goes in self-protection mode and it will auto-restart in about 2 seconds once you unplug the short-circuited pedal. The MPS-2 goes in self-protection mode and it will auto-restart in about 2 seconds once you unplug the short-circuited pedal. High Light 1. The power supply could be used as an isolation box for your power supply. 2. Smart technology is used to make sure the input voltage is with a wide range from 5v to 19v for the MPS-2. Thus to make sure the unit convenient by using any model of the adapter or even a portable power bank on the market. Advantage The MPS-2 will drive 4 pedals from the same source, it`s more than a power supply, it`s a power conditioner which supplies a predictable voltage all the time and keeps your pedals in constant performance from one show to another. Capacity 2000 milliamps . Total Outputting Watt 18W Connections 1. Plug the AC adapter or a portable power bank from 5v to 19v into the MPS-2`s in jack. 2. The blue LED will light on for power display. Technical Info MPS-2 Power Supply •Input: DC 9V •Outputs: 9v@500mA(x4) •LEDs: orange LED for power light Size and Weight •100x100x100cm •100g Package •MPS-2 Power Supply •4pcs DC cables plus 2pcs USB to DC cable •User Manual
Features & Highlights
- HIGHTLIGHT : USB charging allows that the power supply can be easily charged by POWER BANK
- PERFOMANCE : Powers four 9v pedals all at once without losing any signal intensity
- PROTECTION : Short Circuit Protection ensures the stable working condition
- VOLTAGE : Wide range of inputting voltage from 5v-19vDC
- PACKAGE INCLUDES :1*Power Supply, 4*DC cable, 2*USB to DC cable,1*User Manual
|Item Weight:||0.4 pounds|
|Item Size:||0.89 x 1.18 x 1.18 inches|
|Package Weight:||0.52 pounds|
|Package Size:||4.76 x 1.22 x 1.22 inches|
Have questions about this item, or would like to inquire about a custom or bulk order?
If you have any questions about this product, contact us by completing and submitting the form below. If you are looking for a specif part number, please include it with your message.


Due to rising global energy demand and mounting environmental concerns associated with the widespread use of fossil fuels in conventional power plants, it is imperative that viable and cleaner energy sources are used. Here, virtually pollution-free renewable energy sources have replaced traditional fossil fuels as the go-to option for meeting the rising energy demand. This research article utilizes a new formulation for minimizing the total cost of a microgrid through a short-term operational strategy. Microgrids and demand-side management can improve the distribution network’s efficiency and reliability. To achieve this goal, this paper explores how to best schedule the uncertain operation of a microgrid including both renewable energy resources like wind turbines and photovoltaics, as well as dispatchable resources like fuel cells, microturbines, and electrical storage devices connected to charging stations for electric vehicles. Considering the unpredictability of wind power and solar power outputs, besides the behavior of plug-in electric vehicle owners in terms of plugging into the grid to inject or receive power, a stochastic programming-based framework is introduced for the operation of microgrids running in the grid-integrated mode. In this study, an innovative and effective optimization algorithm is employed, which is the modified manta ray foraging optimization algorithm, as a high-efficiency method for maximizing the microgrid efficiency. After applying the proposed method to a standard microgrid, the simulation results show how effective it is compared with other approaches.


The driver of a Chevy Avalanche said he was stopped at a light on Harvey Avenue near Cooper Road when his vehicle was hit from behind.
Kevin Langdale said he was driving with his children when the collision happened. His three children were taken into the ambulance and don’t appear to have any serious injuries. However his daughter did seem to have a bit of whiplash and was being suited for a neckbrace by paramedics.
Steve Vreeswijk a witness to the crash claimed a White Dodge Ram hit the Avalanche three times, and didn’t appear to brake.
The two vehicle collision has stalled traffic westbound on Harvey Avenue at Cooper Road.
The incident happened just before 5 p.m in the HOV lane.


Colorado Drone Footage
How's it going everyone, in todays video we are just highlighting some drone footage of our beautiful state of Colorado! I captured this footage while out on a local fishing trip and man what a beautiful perspective. Overall I had a great time filming this video and I hope that some of you will enjoy as well. If you guys love fishing and outdoor content, please consider following us here on News Break or you can find us on YouTube at "Fishing Colorado"
This account is dedicated to informative local fishing and other outdoor content! I hope you all enjoy and tag along on a few adventures


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$175.99 + $10.50 SHIPPING
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|Inside the streamlined design of the Graphite 600T is a wealth of functionality that makes your build easier and enhances your computing experience. Building a clean-looking, well-cooled system is easier and faster than ever with our innovative cable routing design, tool-free drive bays, dual 200mm fans with integrated fan controller, and CPU backplate cutout. Fitting even the largest video cards is a breeze, literally, with the split hard-drive bay setup that allows direct airflow from the 200mm intake fan to reach your graphics card. Maintenance is simple and quick with externally accessible dust filters and quick-release door panels. The Corsair Graphite Series 600T is the gamer’s dream case.|


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BGLF <3 (best girlslife friends)This club is for any girl who wants to be part of a closely knit group of friends. We will give eachother advice, celebrate the great stuff that happens to eachother, help eachother get through the tough stuff and just random chat!
Come share the love and meet some great new friends! <3;
CATEGORY: Just for Fun | CREATED: 2/10/2012 | MEMBERS: 12


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Preparing for Intercultural Ministry The authors begin by examining the contemporary context for mission work, including the recognition that the world's mission fields are in constant and often rapid flux. They then discuss various aspects of preparing oneself for the mission field, beginning with home-front preparations and moving to on-the-field preparations. The final section deals with practical issues of missionary life and its unique challenges. The text is supplemented with case studies and many helpful sidebars for reflection and discussion.
"This book is a wonderful introduction to missionary life and work, addressing most of the questions that a person might ask about a possible career in Christian missions. An excellent resource for introductory missions classes in any training context." --Sherwood Lingenfelter, Fuller Theological Seminary
No reviews have been written for this product.
This feature is only available for logged in users. Go here to create an account an enjoy the benefits of membership, including wish lists, notifications of products coming back into stock, saving shipping addresses and payment methods, notifications of sales, and special pricing.


More than 15,000 troops marched through Tiananmen Square on Tuesday as the People's Republic of China marked 70 years of Communist rule.
Chinese President Xi Jinping gave a speech at the start of the National Day parade, which was used as an occasion to highlight the latest weapon systems Beijing had developed. Xi declared China would stay on the path of “peaceful development”, but added the People's Liberation Army would resolutely safeguard China's sovereignty and security. Among the new weapon systems on display were an upgraded version of a bomber sold by the Soviet Union to China in the late 1950s, hypersonic missiles and a variety of unmanned aerial vehicles.
Here, THE WEEK takes a look at some of these weapons:
A total of three H-6N bombers flew over the parade on Tuesday, carrying four cruise missiles each.
The H-6N is the latest iteration of the H-6 bomber, which was based on the Tu-16 bomber first sold by the Soviet Union to China in 1958. China has built over 150 H-6 bomber variants. While smaller than and having lesser range than the US Air Force's B-52 bombers, the H-6 has been progressively updated. Moreover, China has continued producing the H-6 bomber with multiple upgrades to engines and electronics.
The H-6N has an in-flight refuelling probe fitted to improve its range. Chinese engineers have also modified the H-6N by removing its internal weapons bay. The new H-6N is also touted as being able to carry a single anti-ship ballistic missile under the fuselage. The H-6N can carry up to six cruise missiles under its wings, which are thought to have an individual range of around 1,000km each.
The H-6N is expected to have a range of over 3,000km and experts have warned about its potential to target US military bases in Guam. In April, China deployed the H-6K, the predecessor to the H-6N, to Tibet, highlight the platform's ability to threaten targets in India.
WZ-8 stealth drone
China officially unveiled a high-altitude, high-seed drone called the WZ-8. The drone has small dagger-like wings.
The WZ-8 was mounted on a truck for the National Day parade. China's state-run Global Times reported the “drone is likely launched in the air via a bomber or transport aircraft”. According to Global Security.org, a US-based think tank, the WZ-8 was first test-flown in September 2015 and can reach high supersonic speeds.
GlobalSecurity.org claims the WZ-8 could be used to pick up data for targeting the DF-21 anti-ship ballistic missiles, which are touted as being able to hit aircraft carriers.
A total of 16 DF-41 transporter-erector-launchers with DF-41 missiles paraded through Tiananmen Square on Tuesday. The DF-41 is an intercontinental ballistic missile.
The Global Times claimed the DF-41 has a range of 14,000km and is the newest nuclear-armed ballistic missile for the Chinese military. The DF-41 can theoretically hit any part of the world and is also capable of carrying up to 10 multiple independently targetable reentry vehicle(MIRV) warheads. MIRV warheads separate after a ballistic missile re-enters the earth's atmosphere and head to separate targets, overwhelming ballistic missile defence systems.
Tests of the DF-41 began in 2012.
DF-17 hypersonic missile
The DF-17 ballistic missile, which is equipped hypersonic glide vehicle (HGV), was anticipated to be one of the stars of China's National Day parade. Hypersonic glide vehicles fly to their targets at speeds in excess of five times the speed of sound and are considered to be difficult to intercept by most air defence systems. China conducted two tests of the DF-17 HGV in 2017, with the weapon travelling about 1,400km in one test.
- Beijing punishes Messi? China decides not to hold Argentina's friendlies against AFCON finalists after 'Hong Kong bunk'
- China gives suspended death sentence to Chinese Australian blogger Yang Hengjun
- The Dragon's Foothold: China's capital priorities in Latin America shift amid reality and transitions
- China invites Bangladesh PM Hasina for official visit to Beijing
Unlike normal warheads on ballistic missiles that re-enter the atmosphere at a high altitude, hypersonic glide vehicles fly at a lower altitude and are difficult to detect by radar. US intelligence reports had claimed the DF-17 may be declared operational by 2020.


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Ha! I’m still recovering from Gulf Wars and may be coming down with the flu so I stayed home today… and realized when I was toodling around on the computer, that I never completed the St. George’s menu. So here goes:
Friday night Traveler’s Fare:
From Viandier of Taillevent
Take cooked meat chopped very small, pine nut paste, currants, harvest cheese crumbled very small, a bit of sugar and a little salt.
Beef pies (I’ll cook and shred the beef at home) and sub walnuts for the pine nuts (too expensive!) and probably add some cinnamon and ginger and pepper for extra flavor.
Cream fritters from Le Menagier, maybe browned apples
An Herbal Dish of Eggs
Menagier de Paris
Omelettes with cheese, parsley, beet leaves, fennel leaf or bulb or both, spinach, sage, marjoram and ginger. I’m probably going to cheat and bake these in the oven like frittatas.
I’ll serve this with some good bread and either pork sausage or braised ham, whichever’s cheaper (Green eggs and ham!). If I have the extra money I’ll add semolina pudding, which is delicious.
I’m not cooking lunch, thank goodness.
Feast menu’s done.
Wish list for the voidee (as much of this as I can afford):
candied orange peel
candied lemon peel
almond and walnut spiced honey candy (made by Wolfmom yum!)
Bouchet- spiced honey-water from Le Menagier
Sweet Tisane- licorice-flavored barley-water from Le Menagier (may try lemon instead)
Hypocras- spiced wine

domain: food


Country Estate for sale in Carcaixent of 39160 m2 L'Horta, Carcaixent
- Country Estate
- 39160 m2
This land is at 46740, Carcaixent, valencia, at L'Horta. It is a land that has 39160 m2 .
It has green area, finca and orange tree vally views.
- Plot area: 39,160 m2
- Sale price per m2: 2.07 €
orange tree vally views
- Energy Consumption: In progress
- CO2 Emission: In progress


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Letters to the editor for Nov. 17
Spanish Immersion should not trump traditional education
I attended a PTO meeting on Nov. 9 and found out that the school board may decide to close Woodbury Elementary or Royal Oaks Elementary and turn the school into a Spanish Immersion School by fall of 2011. This information was released to the public due to an article in the Woodbury Bulletin within the last few days.
Are you a newspaper subscriber but you don't have a Digital Access account yet? https://secure.forumcomm.com/?publisher_ID=40&event=subscriber/lookup.
You will need your subscription account number and phone number. Not sure if you have an account? Email us at firstname.lastname@example.org and we can help you.

domain: news


Wayne Rooney's young brother trains with Derby with view to a move from Macclesfield
Wayne Rooney's youngest brother John is to train with Derby County this week in the hope of securing a move from Macclesfield.
The 19-year-old midfielder is out of contract in the summer.
Derby have signed Arsenal striker Gilles Sunu, 18, on loan for the rest of the season.
Family trait: John Rooney (centre) celebrates scoring for Macclesfield Town against Dagenham & Redbridge
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- 'All we can do is win and wait': Pep Guardiola says
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- Pochettino 'so happy' with Tottenham performance despite defeat
- Mauricio Pochettino 'worried' about Harry Kane's ankle
- Anthony Joshua perfects footwork ahead of upcoming Wembley bout


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3 Questions: Marcie Goodman
The Cleveland International Film Festival executive director shares what goes into the city’s annual movie marathon.
As executive director of the Cleveland International Film Festival, Marcie Goodman is a force of nature, overseeing a 12-day event with screenings of more than 400 feature-length and short-subject films each year. But don’t ask the avid movie buff which ones are her favorites.
“The great irony of my job is I never get to see any of the films,” says Goodman, a Case Western Reserve University graduate who has headed up the Cleveland International Film Festival since 2001. “If I did sit down to watch one, one of two things would happen: I’m either going to fall asleep or be called out for some crisis.”
While 14-hour days will not be uncommon for staffers during this year’s 41st festival, set for Mar. 29 through April 9 at Cleveland’s Tower City Cinemas, Goodman revels in the unexpected nature of the event.
“Six years ago, our closing-night film was not delivered,” she recalls. “We vamped. Our audience went with the flow and had a great night.”
The winner of the 2008 Governor’s Award for the Arts in Ohio, Goodman talked with us about her first movie experiences, festival logistics and Cleveland’s place in the film festival world.
What was the first movie you saw in a theater?
As a kid, I remember “The Shaggy Dog.” And I remember taking the rapid downtown to Playhouse Square to see movies like “Mary Poppins” and “The Sound of Music.” I still see about 100 movies a year, usually at the Cedar Lee Theatre in Cleveland Heights. I’ll often see a movie there and tell [CIFF artistic director] Bill Guentzler we should have shown that … and he’ll say, “We did.”
What is involved in planning an event of this size?
We start planning the next festival before the current one is even over. We have eight full-time and 250 seasonal staffers and 1,000 volunteers during the festival. Starting on Jan. 2, there are no days off until April 14. We believe the feel of the festival comes from our amazing board of directors and staff, who are absolutely unflappable.
The festival draws filmmakers from more than 70 countries with last year’s attendance exceeding 100,000. What makes it such a success?
The filmmakers have always told us that they feel more welcomed, more embraced by our audiences. That’s Cleveland. We like to give our audiences every opportunity to engage with filmmakers. We put everyone together. It’s very purposeful. We are the most fortunate film festival in the universe because we are in this community.
For more information about the 41st Cleveland International Film Festival and a full list of scheduled films, visit clevelandfilm.org.

domain: artistic


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|Chef Manager, The (2nd Edition)|
|by Michael Baskette|
This book gives new chefs in the modern hospitality industry the opportunity to learn detailed management and human relation skills necessary for...
Results 1 - 10 of 17 for marinated raisins
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Mix dressing together until smooth and creamy. Add to the above ingredients and toss. Serve chilled. Serves 6.
Brown rice in 2 tablespoons butter until light brown. Add 2 3/4 cups hot water, contents of envelope, chicken, celery and onion. Simmer until liquid ...
Prepare yeast. Add 2 teaspoons sugar; mix. Cover rest until foamy and doubled. In bowl, beat yolks over warm water until thick; gradually add 3/4 cup ...
Beat together eggs, ... add nuts and raisins. Pour into ... stiff. Add egg and beat. Add more sugar. Add milk and vanilla. Spread on cake and top with nuts.
Mix the above ingredients and toss with a dressing made of:
Chop walnuts, raisins and mushrooms finely ... loaf pan for 40 minutes at 375 degrees. Garnish meat loaf with fresh parsley and serve with rice. Serves 8.
Mix together: Blend together: Pour over broccoli and marinate overnight. Mix in: Toss and serve.
Cook rice as ... onion, parsley and raisins. Pour dressing ... serve: Line serving dish with salad greens. Fill with rice salad. Arrange tomatoes around edge.
Mix and toss with broccoli mixture. Refrigerate. I always double or triple this recipe because everyone enjoys it so much.
Mix together mayonnaise, vinegar and sugar and toss with broccoli mixture.
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Songwork has moved. The new studio is located at Hochstrasse 80, 4053 Basel. The season has just started and there still are some places available for new students. If you want to start taking voice lessons – now’s the time. Send me an e-mail to make and appointment for a first lesson.
Vocal technique enables us as singers to express ourselves freely in music. It helps us to sound the way we want to sound. The “Complete Vocal Technique” is a technique that is both easy to understand and easy to use, and teaches singers to use the voice in a healthy way regardless of style.
Songwork offers lessons to experienced singers, professionals, aspiring professionals as well as amateur singers and beginners.
What is your starting point?
• Are you planning on studying voice or the performing arts and preparing for an admissions test?
• Do you have an audition coming up and are struggling with one part of the song that you just can’t get right?
• Are you a band singer and feel you need the security of a solid vocal technique that you can rely on at every performance?
• Are you someone singing in a choir whose voice tires quickly and is even hoarse after rehearsing?
• Do you just want to learn singing, regardless of style?
Whatever your reasons might be, you are welcome at Songwork! Sign up for a single lesson. I’m looking forward to meeting you – and hearing you!


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More Home Cooking: A Writer Returns to the Kitchen
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About the Author
Laurie Colwin is the author of five novels: Happy All the Time; Family Happiness; Goodbye Without Leaving; Shine On, Bright and Dangerous Object; and A Big Storm Knocked It Over; three collections of short stories: Passion and Affect, Another Marvelous Thing, and The Lone Pilgrim; and two collections of essays: Home Cooking and More Home Cooking. She died in 1992.


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Another wide-open Super League season appears to be in prospect as Leeds Rhinos prepare to begin the defence of their title at home to Warrington Wolves on Thursday.
The Rhinos swept all before them in 2015, becoming only the third team to finish top of the table, win the Grand Final and also secure the Challenge Cup.
England international Kallum Watkins is confident a new-look Leeds side, shorn of departed club stalwarts Jamie Peacock, Kevin Sinfield and Kylie Leuluai but boosted by new faces such as Keith Galloway, Brett Ferres and Beau Falloon, can lead the chase for honours once again.
However, success did not come easily for the Rhinos last term, with only a last-minute Ryan Hall try against Huddersfield securing the League Leaders' Shield before Wigan Warriors were edged out 22-20 in the Grand Final at Old Trafford.
Watkins is aware his team-mates will need to start from scratch again this year, rather than resting on their laurels following a tremendous treble-winning campaign.
The fleet-footed centre told Omnisport: "I think it's important that we put that [the 2015 treble] away. It was tough last year, we just got there in the end. Obviously it's a new challenge now, a new season ahead.
"We need to get off to a good start, which is important for us, and the focus on the other things will come later in the year.
"We've got to show that hunger again, we've got to show that desire again."
Perennial challengers Wigan have Sam Tomkins back from the NRL, although the star full-back will miss the opening rounds as he continues his recovery from knee surgery. Tomkins' elder brother Joel has also picked up a knee problem and faces six weeks out.
Warrington will look to former Newcastle Knights playmaker Kurt Gidley to inspire an upturn in fortunes after falling well short of expectations in 2015, while Catalans Dragons have made a number of high-profile additions, with former Wolves half-back Richie Myler, Pat Richards, Glenn Stewart, Paul Aiton and Dave Taylor among the new arrivals in Perpignan.
A youthful St Helens squad impressed last year, ultimately losing at Headingley in the semi-finals, and can be expected to challenge again, but the race for a top-four place could well prove more competitive than ever as the likes of Huddersfield and Castleford Tigers also aim to kick on following respective third- and fifth-place finishes.
Former New Zealand forward Frank Pritchard is another notable close-season recruit, having moved to Hull FC - the team that rounded off last season's top eight.
Widnes Vikings, Hull KR, Salford Red Devils and Wakefeld Trinity Wildcats were forced to fight for their Super League futures in the inaugural qualifiers - the latter eventually beating Bradford Bulls in the 'Million Pound Game' to retain top-flight status - and will hope better times lie ahead in 2016.


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| | Locating other phones? GPS Apps...
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Here's the parameters:
My mom has a Droid G2. My brother has a Mytouch. My dad has an iPhone. They all have individual InstaMapper accounts, and I've been talked into getting a GPS enabled phone. My choice is the BB 9700 Bold.
Now, is there one App available where I can plug all my family into the app and it will tell me where they all are? As it stands now, I have to log into three separate accounts on InstaMapper to find any one of the three of them.
I'd like to find one App that we all can use, that will show each one of us where the others are.
Is there such a thing?


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Revenge has been the primary driver in most of the Islamist terror attacks on Australian soil – revenge for Australian involvement in violent US wars in Muslim countries of the Middle East.
Dr Alison Broinowski AM is an Australian former diplomat, academic and author. Her books and articles concern Australia's interactions with the world. She is President of Australians for War Powers Reform.
HOW AUSTRALIA GOES TO WAR
As the Ukraine war fills our screen and the risk of a war with China rises, Australia is not only joined at the hip to the US but seems likely to march in lockstep into America’s next provoked war. Only by reforming the wars powers can the representatives of the Australian people head that off.


They continue with “Annual global emissions of carbon dioxide equivalents now amount to about 51 gigatons. Some estimates, such as the P4 pathway defined by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), show that today’s technologies have the potential to reduce global emissions by about two-thirds. More innovation-driven projections—such as IPCC’s low-energy demand pathway, P1—do not bank on any new technologies but instead assume radical business model and policy innovation. It is clear that reaching climate change goals requires new technologies and novel business models and markets. Fortunately, there’s momentum building for a new generation of innovative solutions.”
Read more at https://www.bcg.com/en-us/publications/2021/next-generation-climate-innovation.


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If you spend any time reading sewing blogs, you are aware of the annual challenge known as MMMay or Me-Made May. I’m really looking forward to this year. I have a number of me-made garments in the pipeline and I am pretty confident I’ll finish them before May 1.
To help myself stay on track to finish these garments while I have the desire to wear them, I’m implementing a Me-Making March challenge. Each day in March I will work on something related to sewing, knitting, or art. There is no required amount of time I must allot each night, although I will aim for at least 30 minutes. It might be printing out PDF patterns, or cutting out fabric, or pinning seams. Every day I will take a small step toward completing one of my projects.
I will post daily updates on Instagram @fabricalchemist (using #MeMakingMarch) and weekly roundups here on the blog.
For anyone who wants to join me in a month of breaking our creative projects into manageable chunks, you are welcome to use this image below which I will probably use going forward for this series of posts:


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So, you say that you are not an artist? That is okay! Everyone has a portion of creativity. The canvases are pre-sketched. Explore your inner artists and enjoy a relaxing time with us. Book your session online today! Weekly Classes begin at 1:00p. & 6:00P. Please mask up! No Mask, No Entry. **Limited Seating**No Minimums for Private Parties**
August is our Customer Appreciation Month! Join us for a relaxing evening with paint and a beverage of your choice.
Book a Private Party throughout the month of August and receive a Free Gift. **No Minimums required for booking
**Private Sessions, Team Building and Field Trips are also available! Call 225-200-2297 for more information.
Catering is also available! Call 225-220-7640 for more information!


Today, the farmers have to use tractors to plant seeds in their huge fields. The invention of seeding drones can drag out the farmers from this difficulty by planting the perfect rows of seeds in their fields. They will have the ability to move around and dig holes on the fields and then plant seeds. They are a type of UAV technically, and they work aerially. They can also apply fertilizers to the fields to protect the crops that are to be produced. The working of the seeding drones includes flying and planting seeds, fertilizers and other such chemicals like these. The farmers will invest heavily in these autonomous seeding drones and the requirement of workers on the fields will be decreased to very extent. The use of seeding drones will provide a significant advantage to the farmers because the farmers don’t have to dig the holes over the whole field and then make rows of spots for planting seeds and then plant the seeds and apply fertilizers to increase the crop production, all of the work would have been done by using seeding drones. This will be a very useful invention for the food industry because a lot of time and the efforts of farmers can be minimized by the use of seeding drones and that time and effort can be utilized in producing crops on another field so that much more number of crops can be harvested in the time which is taken now for harvesting only one field. Seeding drones will do the whole work much faster than the traditional approach of the farmers because the machinery can do work much faster than human and the seeding drones are also programmed to do so. Seeding drones can plant the seeds much precisely as compared to the farmers as there is a very little chance left of any kind of mistake in planting the seeds by them. Over time the use of seeding drones will become a daily life part of the farmers and the workers which are working in the fields which have to plant the seeds in the fields, now they don’t need to worry about any mistake in plant the seeds or fertilizers in the fields. Farmers will become a lot more times precise and accurate in planting seeds, fertilizers and other chemicals in their valuable fields. By the use of seeding drones the industry will grow rapidly by all means and would be capable of producing a lot more crops in a year than in the past. Food crops can be produced in a much bigger number in a year than ever before. The world will grow far more food under any weather conditions. And drones will be an essential part to make this happen. Seeding drones will be very helpful to the farmers working in the fields as they make their work a lot easier than ever before. So by the use of seeding drones and insect monitoring drones the crops can harvested and protected very precisely which enables the food industry to produce every food for the whole year and the consumer can avail the food of their choice during the whole year.
Over time the use of seeding drones will become a daily life part of the farmers and the workers which are working in the fields which have to plant the seeds in the fields, now they don’t need to worry about any mistake in plant the seeds or fertilizers in the fields. Farmers will become a lot more times precise and accurate in planting seeds, fertilizers and other chemicals in their valuable fields.
Drones will be an essential part to make this happen. The farmers don’t have to work in the fields for hours and spoil their health by doing work for hours. Instead they will have to do nothing but to observe the whole work done for them by the seeding drones. Therefore the customer can buy the food he want during the whole year due to the increased production of crops made to happen by this revolutionary invention of drones
There would be much convenience for the farmers and the food industry also and they would be much happier with this invention.
We are making so much progress in the field of science today that so much numerous inventions are made that we never get to truly appreciate the progress that we...more
As we know SQL relational databases basically deals with structured data, like phone numbers, while NoSQL deals well with unstructured data like social media. In todays world mostly companies and authorities are less...more
This is a simple but very effective technique .This technology show a new way to create or construct buildings .Using fabricated layers & by this in a single run of...more
To design and fabricate a drone that has the capability to survey the large area foe refuge movement monitoring, has high endurance, low acoustic signature, low radar cross section area,...more
Challenges Faced in an ELT Classroom English is being used as the official language in most of Asian countries and is spoken as a second language but still there are certain obstacles in the learning and teaching of English language which is incorrect pronunciation all over the country.Some of these obstacles which are reason of incorrect pronunciation are discussed...more
Introduction of micro sensor of microbiology is the working and future aspect of micro sensors for microbiology how it is working? Which material is required? How much energy consumed to...more
Drones are usually designed of same types ,they have four helicopter types wings and four of them are at the corner which keep them balance and helps them in flying...more
Technological advances have made possible the concept of remote communication, to be able to communicate with someone who may be a large distance away. Devices like wireless, radios, TVs, Telephones...more
Researchers, designers and developers explore the future of physical web in a community called Web of Things. Web standards have a leverage to make ease of use and integrate in all sorts of...more
Bio printing is a subordinate of 3D printing, also known as additive manufacturing, focused on the creation of organs, DNA ,body parts and limbs compatible and functional enough to be...more
Magnetic 3D Bio Printing includes bio compatible magnetic to print cells into three dimensional cell cultures. Cells are attached with magnetic Nan shuttle which are used to turn them magnetic. Once it become magnetic,...more
The microscopic robots are often said to be nano or micro robots. The field belongs to micro robots is said to be nano or micro robotic engineering. The size of...more
The concept of smart flying machines and robots is not something limited to fiction and sci-fi movies anymore. This is the era of the drones. They are gradually taking over...more
There are different stages that occur in our life, merely they are known as developmental stages.of human brain First stage is known as Adolescence aged of human brain (7-13) then Young adulthood of human brain comes. Every stage has its own number of developments of human brain in which an individual shows different changes such as physical, psychological and...more


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IMPROVING U.S. EXTREME PRECIPITATION PREDICTION AND PROCESS UNDERSTANDING USING A MESOSCALE CLIMATE MODEL MULTI-PHYSICS ENSEMBLE APPROACH
Publication or External Link
Despite many recent improvements, climate models continue to poorly simulate extreme precipitation. I attempted to improve prediction of extreme precipitation, focusing on daily 95th percentile (P95) events, and to better understand the source of model biases in three ways: 1) determine which physics processes P95 is most sensitive to and which parameterization schemes best represent these processes; 2) understand the underlying mechanisms through which these processes impact P95; and 3) maximize advantages from the ensemble of the best performing models.
First, to determine the sensitive processes affecting P95, I tested a 25-member ensemble of different physics configurations in the regional Climate-Weather Research and Forecasting model (CWRF) for 36-yr historical U.S. simulations. Of these, P95 simulation was most sensitive to cumulus parameterization. Overall, the ensemble cumulus parameterization best represented P95 seasonal mean spatial patterns and interannual variations, while one traditional cumulus scheme generally overestimated P95 and the other three severely underestimated P95, especially over the Gulf States (GS) and the Central-Midwest States (CM) in convection-dominated seasons.
Second, I built structural equation models (SEMs) to identify the underlying processes through which cumulus parameterization affects precipitation. I discovered five distinct physical mechanisms, each involving unique interplays among water and energy supplies and surface and cloud forcings. The relative importance of these factors varied significantly by season and region. For example, water supply is the dominant factor for P95 in CM, but its effect reversed from positive in summer to negative in winter due to changes in the prevailing precipitation system. In contrast, the predominant factors affecting P95 in GS were cloud forcing in summer, but surface forcing in winter. Since the choice of cumulus parameterization affected how water and energy supplies acted through surface and cloud forcings, it determined CWRF’s ability to simulate extreme precipitation.
Third, I improved P95 prediction by developing an optimized multi-model ensemble based on the Bayesian Model Averaging (BMA) approach. BMA is a model-selection method that weights ensemble members to create an optimal composite. However, many BMA methods rely on maximum likelihood estimation and thus may be flawed when the true solution is not among the ensemble, as is the case in extreme precipitation. To resolve this issue, I adapted three BMA variations to fit the needs of extreme precipitation problems. These methods significantly improved performance compared to both the ensemble mean and the single best model and provided a more reliable confidence interval.
My work shows that to improve extreme precipitation simulation, a better understanding of physics processes, especially cumulus processes, is critical. For this, I applied the SEM framework, for the first time in the climate community, to uncover the underlying physical mechanisms essential to regional extreme precipitation predictions. Furthermore, I adapted new BMA methods into extreme precipitation ensembles to maximize the benefits from the most physically advanced models. These advances may help improve the prediction of extreme precipitation occurrences and future changes, one of the most difficult modeling challenges and one with huge socioeconomic significance.


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I'm sure all of you are aware by now about the Childcare Benefit (CCB) and Rebate (CCR) that is taking place on the 2nd of July 2018.
I wanted to give you a bit more of an idea about what this means.
What has changed?
Current CCB & CCR Payments will be scrapped.
The Child Care rebate (which covers 50 percent of child care fees up to an annual cap of $75 000) and the means-tested Child Care Benefit will be replaced by the new subsidy (CCS).
What do you have to do to get the new subsidy?
Both parents have to work to satisfy the activity test for the new subsidy. Both have to work, study or volunteer for at least eight hours a fortnight.
If you don't work for at least 8 hours a fortnight, you will still get 12 hours of Child Care if you earn less than $65 710. If your family's income is more than $65 710 but you don't meet the activity test, you don't get any Child Care Subsidy (CCS).
How much do I get?
For families earning $65 710 or less, you will have 85 percent of your child care fees covered by the government. The subsidy gradually tapers down to 50 percent once you are earning $170 710.
For those earning between $170 710 - $250 000, you will get 50 percent of the fees covered. Anyone earning between $250 000 - $340 000 will have 20 percent covered, and anyone over $340 000 will not be eligible for any CCS.
How is it calculated?
Fee subsidies are based on a set hourly rate ($11.55 centre based day care).
Is there a cap on how much you can claim?
There is no annual cap on subsidies for families on $185 710 and under.
Those earning more than this will only be bale to claim $10 000 per child. There will be a bonus subsidy for disadvantaged families, such as those with children at risk of abuse or neglect; those experiencing temporary financial hardship and those with grandparent carers on welfare.
When does it start?
This begins on July 2, 2018.
Click the link below to find out your CCS estimate.
If you have any further questions, please don't hesitate to see me.


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According to a recent study from the University of Hong Kong patient satisfaction seems to be linked with many factors. Pain, loss of motion, weakness, and loss of function are all important to a happy result. Each one should be a part of the treatment focus at some point.
Your therapist knows that treatment success depends on finding out what's causing your painful symptoms. Treatment is usually based on the therapist's findings and the patient's goals.
The therapist should look at all the pieces of the puzzle--patient's pain, level of satisfaction, physical function, and disabilities present. It wouldn't hurt to ask what your therapist is thinking. Ask about the treatment plan and what his or her strategies may be for your complete recovery.

domain: psychology


Various methods shape metal elements in manufacturing industry these days. Progressive die manufacturers use metal stamping techniques, popular metalworking, and cost-effective methods used by manufacturers today.
Metal stamping makes elements pass through multiple stations. The processes include coining, punching, embossing, blanking, and piercing. Each process has varied fundamentals that allow the assembly operators to mix and match the sequences required for generating the highest quality products at cheaper costs.
Steps in Consideration with Progressive Die Manufacturers
Knowing every process, including each step, can aid you:
- To avoid costly business errors
- Setting the right expectations for delivery and budget schedules
- Get higher qualities of elements allowing products to operate their optimized capabilities
These factors are fundamental in constructing and designing progressive tools. Every component ensures that tooling life, product quality, and maintenance are assessed carefully.
You will encounter the trade-off features of optimizing output, time, and expenditure during the process.
Make sure the sequences complement vital variables like the source material’s thickness and the portion geometry. Various factors are involved, like the material thickness and part, along with the metal properties affecting the strip layout for company stamping
1. Recognize the Orientation of the Product
The design of the progressive tools and dies are decided by how the component, or the products will progress through them. Rotating the part with the metal strip is one challenging stage of die design and progressive tool.
The rotating elements that can optimize the materials are used as case options. You may compromise between cam angling and component rotation across every situation, impacting the cost and design of the progressive tool and die.
The other factor considered is reducing the feed of the material among the rotation of the element. The shorter feed has fewer issues, and they operate quickly. The design can be more effective if your progressive tool and die have shorter leads if there is a distinctive gap between the component’s width and length.
2. Determining the Way the Parts are Carried
How each element is carried will directly impact how you feel about the raw material, whether you are lifting the strip during the feeding, and the quality and consistency of the output. Specific configurations are required to carry elements. The other option would be to carry the part on a single side of the strip. But lifting the strip will make the case robust. The centre of the strip should have lifters.
The other option is to use a ladder style for carrying each component, which works well for complex elements or those requiring more lift. Engineer’s of stamping company can work on the tool and die designs and should ensure the right carrier to complete the task.
Die designers and engineers should consider the tolerance and configuration requirements for the project and the client to decide the step.
4. Making Sure of an Exit Plan
The exit plan is the most fundamental part of the design of the progressive tool. Several factors are included here, including the weight of the component, type of carrier used, and shedder pin. But some progressive die manufacturers have an exit strategy in place from the start to ensure the die designing and progressive tool process is effective.
5. Recognizing the Right Number of Stations
After you have finalized the progressive die and tool designs, you should confirm the number of stations required for your project. The resulting design can damage the progressive tooling that you have in place currently if it is not done at the beginning and the numbers fail to match.
Complex progressive die and tool designs automatically indicate that you need more stations. Similarly, you can reduce the stations if the design is simple. If you need to add more stations later, it could compromise the integrity of your progressive tooling.
There are decisions for stamping company that depend on the basic design of the dies, which becomes important with the increased complexity of the die. You will have the best possible results as you strategically trade-off and evaluate. The outcome will be a strong progressive die maintained easily, producing consistently superior quality in every element.


Automated container terminals can process greater volumes, in addition to causing less damage to machines and containers, while being quieter, emission-free and safer for personnel. The TBA company, owned by TU Delft alumnus Yvo Saanen, will supply the operating software.
The port industry is conservative.’ Sitting in his office in Delft, Yvo Saanen knows this from experience. His company, TBA, supplies simulation and operating software to automated container terminals in ports including Rotterdam, Los Angeles and New York.
Business is thriving, and more and more terminals are seeing the advantages of automation, but there is still much ground to be gained. This is hardly surprising. ‘Many leading positions are now held by former dockworkers. These are people who once hauled, manned cranes or captained a ship. They have less affinity with technology and computers.’ Change is in the air, however, and TBA is moving with the times. ‘More and more highly educated people are entering the ranks of management. This is an irreversible trend.’
These people are more inclined to see the advantages of automation, in terms of efficiency, sustainability and lower wage costs, not to mention safety. ‘Worldwide, each year there are hundreds of casualties in container terminals, most of them run over by lorries. Remove your employees from the shop floor and the risks will be reduced dramatically.
Saanen established his company TBA in 1996, together with classmate Klaas Pieter van Til. They started with logistics consultancy. ‘We visited ministries and a number of stakeholders in the Port of Rotterdam. This led to a wide range of small projects. We’d take on anything.’
The two alumni got support from TU Delft with finding assignments: ‘contract funding research they couldn’t handle.’ ‘This was how we got involved in simulation. Mechanical Engineering professor Joan Rijsenbrij used to work for the German company Gottwald, which supplied automated guided vehicles for Maasvlakte. Gottwald needed simulation software and noticed this was something I was good at. That’s how things got started with the port. We began developing a library of simulation models. It became the basis for much of our work worldwide.’ The company has offices in Germany and Romania, and it has purchased two companies in the last three years, bringing the total number of employees to 200. This allows TBA to continue developing new products. To make this happen, the company is shifting to virtual reality. ‘For example, consider someone who performs repairs in the container terminal. He puts on goggles that make him feel like he’s in a 3D environment that simulates everything: vehicles driving around, ships being processed. He can walk around and practise carrying out his tasks in complete safety.’ Saanen is optimistic about the future. ‘I expect the number of automatic terminals to quadruple within a decade. We will have contributed to this in a major way.’
Name: Yvo Saanen
Degree programme: Systems Engineering, Policy Analysis & Management
Company:TBA (in Dutch, Technisch Bestuurskundige Adviesgroep: Consultancy on Systems Engineering, Policy Analysis & Management)
Product:Operating software for automated container terminals
Mission:To make ports safer, cleaner and more efficient
In five years:€40 million