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Lying in the southernmost part
of the Sarvonian continent, this great desert
occupies most of the Santharian province of Truban
and part of Brendolan. Though there are some wetter places in the south like
the Cloud Forest near Varcopas, the peninsula near
Thalambath and the plain of Uderza, the desert is
the main and dominating feature of the south of the continent. To the east and
south are the coastlines of the Burning Sea, and on the west the Aetryam Sea.
The only large settlement in the desert itself is Rahmat. On the Ráhaz-Dáth's edges are located Strata, Thalambath, Uderza and Bardavos, the last belonging to the province Brendolan.
The most prominent features are the volcano Norong'Sorno, north of Thalambath, the Mountains of Nirmenith, containing the famous Oasis of Nirmenith, the Great Sand Dunes in the east, the Yar‘Dangs north of Strata and the Makadi Gadi Salt Pans in the middle near the Nirmenith Mountains.
Though in most parts very arid, the desert has an abundant wildlife and is by no means lifeless. Both animals and plants are adapted very well to the conditions there.
The main group of humans living in the Ráhaz-Dáth are the Shendar, a mainly nomadic living tribe whose members are the only people who have the knowledge how to cross the beautiful, but hostile landscape. Other races are not known yet to live there.
Introduction. Unforgiving heat over vast sands rises in ripples against a pale, cloudless sky. The desert aguia, using the ascending hot air, circles with motionless wings over a land which stretches for ever, coloured with light yellows and soft browns. There is no visible water to reflect the eggshell blue sky and bring a sparkle to the landscape. At this height the wilderness is frightenly flat, though a white peak is visible in the misty distance as well as the promise of an abundance of water in the other direction. The aguia is soaring higher, lonely in the emptiness of an endless sky over the Ráhaz-Dáth...
Deep down in the sands yellow lidless eyes are waiting patiently, hour for hour in the heat of the day; covered with hot sand the ráhaz'estar is waiting for a passing prey. Then suddenly there is a movement the surprised eye can barely follow. White fangs blink in the light of the Injérŕ and death has come to a careless kara. - There is a scampering - high pitched noises can be heard - maybe the eye catches a glimpse of brown fur. The aka‘lols have witnessed the death of the kara and are striving for their safe burrows.
Image description. The Lightning Drake enjoys sitting on a mountain top in a lightning heavy thunderstorm. Picture drawn by Seeker.
Grey storm clouds race overhead and the hot winds swirl beneath the darkening
sky. Sand grains are whirled around, lightning flashes and thunder rumbles in
the approaching black heart of the clouds. In the distance the rain is white.
Birds are tossed around like leaves from a far shore. Suddenly it is quiet and
calm and the rain falls. As the clouds move on a rainbow appears, the storm has
passed and it is soon hot again.
Description. The desert covers most lands south of the Narfost Plain, except the wetter region around Bardavos and the cultivated plain of Uderza, the cloud forests near Varcopas and a small piece of coast near Thalambath. The whole region is arid to a varying extent and rainfalls occur in most places only occasionally. All types of deserts can be found here; the half arid lands with perennial rainfalls and open water availably the whole year in some places, to truly arid regions with nearly no rainfall at all.
All life in the Ráhaz-Dáth has to be adapted to the arid conditions. So the animals have either developed a complicated migration system if dependent on a open water source or can survive without water at all. Aestivation or dormancy is a common means to survive longer drier periods. The plants usually meet the needs of the animals and often a single individual provides a whole ecosystem for several different animals.
Location. Lying in the southernmost part of the Sarvonian continent, this great desert occupies most of the Santharian province of Truban and part of Brendolan. Though there are some wetter places in the south like the Cloud Forest near Varcopas, the peninsula near Thalambath and the plain of Uderza, the desert is the main and dominating feature of the south of the continent. To the east and south are the coastlines of the Burning Sea, and on the west the Aetryam Sea.
|Map description. Map of the Ráhaz-Dáth desert in the southernmost part of the United Kingdom of Santharia. Click on the names on any of the places to read more details about the various different parts of the map. Picture drawn by Artimidor.|
Different Parts. The Raház-Dáth consists of the following different parts, which are listed below:
Mountains of Nirmenith
This mountain range covers the whole north of Truban and reflects the diversity of this province. Not only are the mystic and enchanted Cloud Forests of Varcopas part of it, it also encompasses the harsh beauty of the volcano Norong'Sorno with its special climate and the nearby parched region of the Lands of Pain and Death. Apart from the volcano, it also has the highest mountain tops of southern Sarvonia in it's central region with the mighty Nirmenith as its highest point, which change over to the lovely hills near Uderza. Between the Cloud Forest and the central mountain stock the Aj'nuvic Grounds surprise with a diversity of plant and animal life. But nothing matches the famous Oasis of Nirmenith, the lush waterfalls there, the wild river Nirmenith which cascades down in the swamp of Oka'Serí, an inland delta of which the myths say that this is the place where the gods let their dreams of plenitude came true. [Back to the Map]
The Aj'nuvic Grounds represent a central highland valley north of the Nirmenith mountain stock. It is a half arid region with low-moisture adapted plant and animal life, most can only be found here due to the special climate conditions of very hot days and extremely cold nights, the occasional abundance of water and the persistent dryness.
This region is also the main mating ground of the Nirmenith aj'nuvics. There is also a secret trade route of the Shendar to the south to Thalambath. Access only possible from the north through a hidden canyon and the south leading to the Lands of Pain. Gets drier and more hostile the more southerly one travels. [Back to the Map]
Central Mountain Stock
Highest elevation after the Norong'Sorno volcano on the southern Sarvonian Continent. It is the barrier for most of the clouds coming in from the Aetryam Sea. Most of the rains fall there, creating a huge water reservoir for the dry desert on both of its sides. Thanks to the height some of the precipitation is stored as snow or ice and so available over a longer time span. [Back to the Map]
Oasis of Nirmenith
In the very heart of the Nirmenith Mountains an oasis of unexpected, overwhelming beauty can be found. The water of a circular lake with unknown depth supports a fauna and flora which is restricted however to a small space only. Steep mountain slopes falling directly into the lake don't allow much room for plants to grow. But the limited space is countered by the plenitude and beauty of the flowering vegetation. It is here that the famous temple of Baveras in the middle of the lake can be found, which can only be seen fully when the water level falls to its deepest point in winter. It is rumoured that also here the rare mineral can be found which is added to the pottery of which Uderza is famou . The water of the Nirmenith Oasis escapes through a narrow outlet and forms the Nirmenith River which cascades down in the swamp of Oka'Seri. [Back to the Map]
Swamp of Oka'Seri and the Flood Plains
The Swamp of Oka'Seri is an inland delta formed by the Nirmenith river, which expands periodically covering the sands of the Ráhaz'Dáth and bringing life to the central desert and the Maka Gadi Salt Pans. While the delta always retains a certain amount of water and never falls dry, the floodplains are dry the greater part of the year.Only after the spring rainfalls they fill up gradually with water. A grassland evolves till the water is fully evaporated and the landscape falls dry again. [Back to the Map]
Picture description. View on a Shendar caravon approaching the Norong'Sorno volcano. Image drawn by Seeker.
Lands of Pain
The Lands of Pain are the most hostile part of the Ráhaz-Dáth. Here rainfalls are extremely rare, the heat rises to its maximum. Nevertheless it is a fascinating landscape. The lesser volcanoes next to the Norong'Sorno are part of it, as well as the high, steep rocky red pillars with the endless sandy plains between them. Despite the hostile environement, a few animals and plants can be found here, but it is a hard life, even for the ráhaz'estár, the giant rock snake. [Back to the Map]
A small area of lovely hills near Uderza, at the foot of the Nirmenith Mountains and at the edge of the desert. The special sand/clay mixture called Aerth which Uderza uses for its famous pottery can be found here. [Back to the Map]
The Open Woodlands are located south of the plain of Uderza and Bardavos, stretching nearly to the east coast, is a unique forest. It grows better near the mountains due to more rainfalls with widely spread trees farer east. In the west the special composition of the fine clay soil supports the denser Mo'Colo woodlands. The caterpillars in this rosin tree forest are of special interest to the Shendar, for their pupal form provides them not only with a delicious snack, but are the source of the fine Shendar silk. Further east, the rosin trees give way to the dari'i trees and others which grow in deep sand. Because of their clay soils, the Mo'Colo woodlands have pans which hold water well into the dry seasons when the rainwater of sandy regions has long disappeared. [Back to the Map]
Great Sand Dunes
Region stretching from the rim of the Nirmenith Mountains to the Burning Sea in the east, covering the whole east of the Raház-Dáth , down to the Makadi Gadi Salt Pans and even further, until the Yar'Dangs. This is desert in its purest form, hot sands, merciless sun - and blue-green jewels of desert lakes in the very midst. [Back to the Map]
Here the desert sands build up into huge dunes, up to five hundred peds high over which the wind blows constantly, driving them forward so that they migrate like slowly-moving waves. But even this seeming barrenness will surprise the traveller: Where rainfalls occur sometimes, they are partly covered with shrub trees, whereas the valleys between may only have a cover of seasonal grass, giving evidence to occasional flooding. [Back to the Map]
Dry River Beds
The valleys between the big sand dunes show often some vegetation, grass at certain times of the year, some trees with deep reaching roots which show that there has to be some water flowing in the soil buried deep under the sands. These features are mostly found in the northern parts of the Great Sand dunes, and are probably due to water coming from the Narfost Plain and running underground. [Back to the Map]
The so-called Seven Jewels are a miracle in the midst of the hot desert: Lakes with relatively fresh water, with a very small rim of green around sparkle in the midst of high sand dunes. In autumn this water gets quite brackish and is barely drinkable, so only some salt resistant plants survive. However, after heavy rainfalls in winter the water level rises up to three peds and the water gets clear and fresh. Then the surrounding green rim flourishes, seeds sprout and for some time food is available in abundance. [Back to the Map]
Makadi Gadi Salt Pans
With one edge lying close to the Oka'Seri Swamp, the Makadi Gadi Salt pans are regularly flooded. Run-off from the Nirmenith or occasional rainfalls will fill them up to a height of about a fore. The evaporating water leaves behind spectacular crystals and cakes of salt, creating (when dry) a nearly lifeless region in the middle of the Raház-Dáth. Flooded however they are exploding with life, being a feeding ground for the abundant ái'metrá, and thus to the ái'metrá's predators. [Back to the Map]
Strange rock formations, up to 500 peds high, consisting out of white and yellow granite, three days ride north of Strata, stretching nearly vertical to any path leading from the northern part of the desert to Strata and forming a kind of labyrinth. Hence everybody needs a guide to find through, because these rocks proceed into the sea forming there dangerous shallows which make it impossible to simply take a boat to get around them. At the southern rim water is found which vanishes soon in the desert sands, till it reemerges in the wells of Strata. [Back to the Map]
People. The only people
who live in the true desert are the nomadic
Shendar. They are the only ones who
are able to find the paths through the hostile environment and can live
self-sufficiently within it. Rah'mat, the only large settlement within the
desert, is a town without fixed houses. Instead, it is made up of a varying
number of Shendar domed tents, and is
therefore able to move and without fixed location. The desert provides nearly
all the Shendar need: their food,
water for their grazing animals, the clay for their pottery and the salt they
sell to every place in Santharia.
It is not known, when the first human nomads arrived to live in the desert regions, but some sages assume, that it happened very early, already long before the Age of the Awakening. The first settlements in the few wetter regions may have started already over two milennia b.S., the now huge town of Thalambath, sitting on the fertile base of the volcano Norong'Sorno being probably the first settlement.
Human history, however, didn't - apart from the Atonement - affect the desert itself. Interested readers can find it here. It is said however, that the after-effects of the Atonement on the desert were cause of the Shendar's rising powers and their eventual excluding monopoly of the desert paths. In the year of the Atonement , so the stories go, they found their true partner in conquering the desert - the aj'nuvics and their relatives, the aka'pis. Though they knew both animals well already and had used them, they discovered their real value in these difficult times and the bonding to the aj'nuvics was deepened then. With the bond to these desert beasts the Shendar became true masters of the desert and started to change its appearance, though very little in the beginning.
Strata was founded in the year after the Atonement, and Drafas Tristin might have not chosen this place to found a settlement, if he had known that the green appearance of the place and the abundance of water was only an exception to the rule and would cease after a few years.
Climate. All the rain, all the precious water, which enables life in the Raház-Dáth, comes from the northwest with the winds from the Aetryam Sea, be it with the yearly rains starting in the month of the Turning Stars and continuing till the beginning of the Awakening Earth, or as an occasional heavy thunderstorm drenching a region which haven't seen water for years.
Most of the clouds coming in release their water at the tops of the Nirmenith Mountains or the Norong'Sorno. Rains fall gently over the hills of Uderza and the Uderza Plains during the winter months, but some clouds drift farther on over the open woodlands, building up into threatening heights, and may release their rain over the Makadi Gadi Salt Pans or the Jewels in the east or just pass on and leave the thirsty soil unrelieved.
According to the availability of the rain the regions in the Raház-Dáth differ in their dryness:
Semi-arid regions are the Aj'nuvic Grounds and the Nirmenith Mountains with perennial rainfalls, but these regions stay dry half of the year.
Arid regions with perennial rainfalls are the Open Woodlands south of the Plain of Uderza and Bardavos, the Norong'Sorno region: The volcano itself is partly wet due to the special weather conditions.
Arid regions with no or only occasional rainfalls: Makadi Gadi Salt Pans, the Lands of Pain west of the Salt Pans, the south with Strata and the Yar'Dangs, the east with the "Jewels", the desert lakes of the Raház-Dáth and the whole region of the great sand dunes east and south of the Makagadi Gadi Salt Pan. Part of these regions however benefit from water transported in the underground from wetter regions where former riverbeds may have existed.
Permanent water is found in smaller oasis throughout the desert at special hidden places, most of them only known by the Shendar. Best known is the Oasis of Nirmenith with the adjacent Swamp of Oka'Seri. The only permanent flowing water system is the Nirmenith River rushing down from the Oasis of Nirmenith to the Oka'Seri Swamps building an inland delta there.
The desert conditions - the changing availability of open water and food - force
both, animals and human alike, to move forward
to use the sometimes scarce resources wisely and avoiding their exploitation to
So migration paths have developed; the desert beasts, which depend on open water have to look for the remaining water holes in a seasonal wandering, the others not dependent on open water have to change grazing grounds nevertheless to find new unused pastures. Thus the grazers follow the growth of grass from one place to the next, and with them their hunters.
The Shendar, a human nomadic living tribe, wander from oasis to oasis and are very careful not to overgraze one place. So a very complicated migration pattern has developed which has still to be researched thoroughly to be understood completely.
Flora. There are many familiar trees and plants in the wetter regions of the Raház-Dáth mentioned above, though the Cloud Forest of Varcopas might still hide some surprises. But the true plants of the desert are those adapted to the aridness of the landscape. They have all one thing in common; they have developed something which enables them to keep their water or prevent the loss of it or both. So they either can store it for several years - like the adan'sonia trees or some of the su'cu family, or they have reduced their surface area to prevent water loss and thus have nearly no leaves. Where water isn't this scarce or the roots are reaching deep, leaves with sun protection of different kind are seen as well.
Fauna. Despite appearances and expectations, the fauna of the desert is plentiful. There are first the big deer-like beasts like the ar'bez, the g'nu and the aka'pi, the oryx and the ellez'ga, which mostly wander around following the seasonal pattern of available food and water. Following their prey are the big hunters like the oracau, ju'bat, the brown á'neayh and the ly'caón. Other, smaller mammals which are independent of open water sources may move around as well for the search of new food sources - some, however, stay at the same place all year round.
But these animals are only the most prominent ones. The smaller may be even more abundant, like the striped kara living near mil'no forests or the whole family of the rodents with all its relatives, the mice, the lizards, the snakes and other odd desert creatures.
Then the birds: There are thousands of them, either permanent guests or just visitors on their way from Aeruillin to the colder north, resting in the water filled salt pans and fishing for the abundant ái'metrá. The greatest number of individuals, though, are the insects, the base of the food chain. An important role is played by the tér'tér, which will sometimes consume up to half of the available dry grass and forcing the grazers to move on, but being themselves food for bigger animals and providing shelter for others in their large mounts.
The Ráhaz-Dáth animals have different means to cope with the lack of water. Most beasts hunt or graze only at dawn or by night and rest during the heat of the day. The big predators get most of the needed fluid over their prey; the grazing animals who depend often of dry grass are able to concentrate their urine so as not to lose much fluid. So the sand mouse, for excample, doesn't urinate at all but eliminates just a few damp drops. The most adapted beasts go into aestivation during the hottest and driest weeks, reducing so their need for food and water by slowing down their body functions.
Resources. Talking about resources depends always on the special perspective of who asks and what that individual considers valuable. So the plants, for example are very interested in the resource water, but not interested in the jewels lying under their roots. There might be a rare mineral lying buried in the mountains of Nirmenith, that would be valuable for the Northern dwarves for hardening their weaponry, but not for the Shendar with their armour made out of the skin of the giant rock snake. So the following description of the resources of the Raház-Dáth is only from the
perspective of its human inhabitants, the Shendar.
Water and Food
These resources are mainly described above under Climate, Fauna and Flora. Of special note here are two animals, the aj'nuvic as a personal friend of any Shendar, the aka'pi as a domesticated animal which is essential for the long caravans through the desert. Special plants used for trading are the mil'no, a plant used for hygienic purposes and in'cent and mh'yrre as spices sold to the whole world. The toccon tree and the vhin, which is used for export, also are no true desert plants. The Shendar silk made with the help of the mopane caterpillar is famous throughout Caelereth. The medical use of seeds and roots and other parts of the plants are innumerable.
Minerals you can find in the Ráhaz-Dáth are mainly clay and salt. Clay used by the northern tribes is found near Uderza, and deep in the mountains of Nirmenith in places only known by the Shendar. The salt of the Makagadi Gadi Salt Pans is harvested by the southern Salt People.
But other minerals are found as well: Semi-precious jewels of different colours can be seen in the Yar'Dangs, silver in the Nirmenith mountains, a special kind of salt or salty water is collected near the Norong'Sorno and sold as remedy for different illnesses. Some Shendar are said to have managed even to sell green sand, found near the volcanoes on the beach there - to artists in Bardavos who needed it for special artistic effects.
landscape this grandiose and various in its appearance was cause for the
creation of many myths and much lore. Most are in the oral tradition and of
Shendar origin, but some are known in
Some of these stories are related to the landscape itself and involve the participation of one God or another, some are pourquoi tales referring to the origin of an animal or plant, and many have some
direct connection with the Shendar. Here are a few of the most famous:
History. Only myth can tell us how the Raház-Dáth was created, though "The Legend of Thalambath" mentions the major impact of the War of the Chosen on the landscape itself. But there are two major historic events which affected the Raház-Dáth: the Atonement in the year 1649 b.S. and the outburst of the volcano Norong'Sorno some 600 years ago, though the explosion of the Norong'Sorno affected only a small region and is not comparable to the disaster of the Atonement.
Information provided by Talia Sturmwind


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Recent years have brought a widening selection of gluten-free multigrain chips. These products, which go beyond corn and potato chips to add in interesting nutritional sources such as flax seed and quinoa, make nice snacks when paired with gluten-free dips and salsas. Here's what's available:
• Lundberg Rice Chips. Lundberg, which makes reliably gluten-free rice, also makes gluten-free chips from rice in seven different flavors, including sea salt, barbeque and even sesame and seaweed. The chips all are based on organic brown rice and rice flour; all contain organic corn, and some contain dairy ingredients. Lundberg chips are pretty widely available, especially in health food stores and in the natural food sections of supermarkets.
• Food Should Taste Good multigrain tortilla chips. Food Should Taste Good, which is certified gluten-free by the Gluten-Free Certification Organization (GFCO), makes several different flavors of gluten-free multigrain chips in addition to its gluten-free potato chips and its gluten-free corn tortilla chips. Selections include multigrain, hemp, and white cheddar with flax and sesame seeds. Note that the multigrain chips contain oat fiber, which the company says is gluten-free. These chips aren't always carried by more mainstream supermarkets, but they've become more widely available in the past year or two.
• Way Better multigrain chips. Way Better's multigrain chip options include Sweeet Potato (with chia and quinoa), Multigrain (with corn, quinoa, brown rice, chia, radish and broccoli seeds), and Black Bean (with corn, black beans, flax seed and quinoa). Way Better is certified gluten-free by the GFCO, which means its products contain less than 10 parts per million of gluten. Like other gluten-free multigrain chips, they're not always available in stores, but you can buy them online.
• Late July Organic chips. Small organic and gluten-free manufacturer Late July makes several different multigrain chips, including Sea Salt, Dude Ranch, Sweet Potato and Mild Green Mojo. They're certified gluten-free by GFCO, meaning they contain less than 10 parts per million of gluten (since Late July also makes some gluten-containing products, always double-check to make sure what you're buying from the company is gluten-free).
• Eatsmart Naturals Multigrain chips. Eatsmart Naturals, part of Snyder's of Hanover, makes four GFCO-certified gluten-free products, including its Whole Grain Tortilla Chips. The chips include corn, rice flour, sesame seeds, flax seed, chia seeds and quinoa.
• Mediterranean Snack Foods lentil chips. Lentils aren't technically grains, but Mediterranean Snack Foods' baked lentil chips fit well with the rest of these gluten-free multigrain chip products. They contain lentils, garbanzo and adzuki beans, and come in six flavors: cracked pepper, cucumber dill, parmesan garlic, roasted pepper, rosemary and sea salt. According to Mediterranean Snack Foods' gluten statement: "Our tapaz2go, Baked Lentil Chips, Lentil Crackers, and HummuZ crackers are certified gluten free by the Gluten Free Certification Organization. Our Popcorn and Veggie Medley Chips and Veggie Medley Straws contain gluten-free ingredients, but are produced in a facility that also processes wheat ingredients."• Michael Season's Black Bean crisps. Again, these chips are made with a combination of beans and grains (in this case, corn and rice). They come in three flavors: Sea Salt, Nacho and Roasted Red Pepper. The company states that all of its snacks, including the black bean crisps, are considered gluten-free.

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Colombia and Peru are similar in many ways – both are economically hindered by impossible geographies of Andes Mountains and Amazon rain forest. Both suffered decades-long insurgencies from leftist guerrilla rebels aiming to overthrow the state (FARC and Shining Path, both still operational but the former more powerful). Both countries are top cocaine producers with long histories of narcoterrorism and corruption. Both governments are more capitalistic within Latin America, with Colombia being the top U.S. ally in the region. Both have highly stratified societies with a tiny percentage of white, Spanish descended families that control a majority of the wealth. Both have rich cultures with their own distinct music and art.
Colombia and Peru also have differences. Ethnically, Peru’s indigenous population is huge – many Peruvians speak Spanish as a second language. Colombia has less indigenous influence because the land had no giant civilization like Incas, Aztecs, or Mayans. The lack of Indian labor required Spanish colonists to import African slaves, so unlike Peru there is a significant black population in Colombia with its own distinct culture.
Commonalities and differences aside, what makes an expat choose a country to live in? Here are the countries rated on a typical expat’s lifestyle criteria:
Food – Peru
Beyond a shadow of a doubt, Peruvian food is inarguably superior to Colombian. Peruvian cuisine is the best in South America. Colombian food, on the other hand, is among the simplest. Peru wins by landslide.
Cost of living – Peru
When working locally, your salary usually reflects the local cost of living. So this criteria is more important for online earners – people being paid in dollars or euros to their home country bank account – and retirees on a fixed pension. If you’re earning the same regardless of where you live, your money will go farther for food, rent, entertainment, and everything else in Peru.
Economy – Colombia
This is tough to rank as there are many variables to consider: ease of doing business, growth prospects, size of the market, taxes, import / export regulations, and more. Starting a business (legally) and importing are equally painful in each country. The growth prospects of each are among the world’s strongest, but Colombia’s growth is stronger. Plus, Colombia is a bigger market.
Colombia’s population is better educated. The country’s already more developed, despite the troubles of past decades. Its infrastructure is light years ahead of Peru’s. Colombia beats Peru on economy.
Ease of staying / visa requirements – Peru
Colombia is a difficult place to stay. The tourist visa is only good for 60 days. It can be renewed, but only twice per year. So they effectively limit your time on a tourist visa to six months per calendar year. That’s why I worked for an English institute for over two years – for the visa. If you’re not going to work for a Colombian company, you can get an investor’s visa. For an investor’s visa you don’t actually have to set up a business. But you need to demonstrate that you have $30,000 and that’s obviously not realistic for most people. There’s a student visa, but then you’d have to study part-time. I know some gringos who married Colombian women to stay legally in country (¡a réves!).
Peru, on the other hand, does not limit your time on a tourist visa. They give you 90 days, and as long as you leave the country every 90 days, you can come back for an unlimited number of 90-day tourist visas. I know a woman who lived in Arequipa for six years doing that. At first she was taking bona fide vacations: Bolivia, Argentina, etc. But towards the end she just drove over the Tacna-Arica border, had lunch in Chile, and came back to Peru the same day for a new visa.
In both countries you can simply overstay your tourist visa and pay the fine when you leave. There’s no repercussion as long as you pay the fine. However, the fine’s much lower in Peru. Plus, they’re never going to come looking for you in Peru. It’s unlikely they will in Colombia, but I have heard of (the former) DAS leading raids on gringos doing business illegally in Colombia – as well as deporting gringos. If you’re going to keep a low profile (i.e., no business and NO BLOG), overstaying your visa is an option in either country. The problem in Colombia is that you have to pay a higher fine every time you leave. So if you’re the type that likes to visit home once a year, it will be expensive.
Attractiveness of the land – Colombia
Machu Picchu is gorgeous – the best view I’ve seen in my life – and there is rain forest. But you’re probably not going to live in Cusco or the jungle. For most gringos, you will probably end up in the desert. These cities have beautiful neighborhoods because of irrigation, but the natural state of the land is desert wasteland. Unlike Colombia, there is no finca culture where people escape the city for the pueblo to enjoy peace, quiet, and beautiful scenery.
Colombia, on the other hand, is picturesque throughout. Road trips are like going through the ravines and valleys from the old 80s and 90s action flicks where gringos shoot up cartel bad guys. The entire country is as beautiful as those backdrops. For natural beauty, Colombia beats Peru with extreme prejudice.
Weather / climate – Peru
While Peru’s landscape isn’t as beautiful because of the lack of green, the flip side is that it never rains. I’m writing this in Arequipa and I haven’t seen rain in over six months. In Lima, the largest city after Cairo to be built in a desert, I’ve seen rain only once.
Colombia, on the other hand, is rain hell. It rains so hard they have national disasters where entire towns get wiped out. I used to tell friends that if they ever wanted to get me out of Bogota / Colombia, the convincing argument would be the rain. Catch me on a day when I’m soaked, cold, and tired. Dealing with the rain is a major part of life in Bogota and greater Colombia.
A downside of life in Lima is what Mario Vargas Llosa described in his novels as the “grey monster” – the overcast that covers Lima eight months a year. For eight months a year there is no sun in Lima. If lack of sunshine is a deal breaker, Lima is not for you.
I give a slight advantage in weather to Peru, just because Colombian rain is so prohibitive.
Party scene – Colombia
As inarguable as Peruvian food is better than Colombian, the Colombian rumba destroys Peruvian. In fact, it may be too much for you if you have trouble keeping control. That’s why I finally left – I couldn’t handle it.
The Miraflores and Barranco sections of Lima are great – more than enough partying for me. But it can’t stand up to Bogota’s Zona Rosa. The size, scale, and number of people partying in Zona Rosa beats anything I’ve seen in Latin America. If you want a grittier party scene, there’s no area in Lima to compete with Bogota’s Primer de Mayo.
If you don’t like big cities, there really isn’t another Peruvian option for rumberos besides Lima. Arequipa’s a ghost town most nights. But Colombia has Medellin, Cali, and the Coast – all rumba hotbeds.
If drugs are your thing, the #1 Andean party favor is just as accessible in Peru as Colombia, but you’re not as likely to see a group of Peruvians snorting in the bathroom of a club. It’s much more common with Colombians. Colombia’s designer drug scene (acid and ecstasy) is also highly developed.
So if your priority is to go hard, Colombia is the country for you.
Cosmopolitanism – Colombia
For big city folks who need the fast life, your choices are Bogota and Lima. Both have populations around 8 million. Miraflores and San Isidro in Lima are upscale and beautiful. Outside those districts, however, the Lima experience is much like the rest of Peru – poor, undeveloped, and Indian. Bogota is an international city known for its pomp and universities. Buenos Aires is the only other city I’ve visited where being a gringo garners little attention.
For a bright-lights, big-city, fast-paced lifestyle, for museums, concerts, theater, intellectual scene, cultural diversity, and all the other things you look for in an international city, Bogota beats Lima.
Modernness – Colombia
In Colombia, you can drink the water. Medellin has a light rail metro. In almost three years in Colombia, I never had my water cut off. I can’t count all the times my water’s been cut in Peru. The buildings, the cars, the infrastructure, everything, is newer, cleaner and more developed in Colombia.
For modern comforts, Colombia beats Peru.
Attractiveness of the people – Colombia
For many expats (“sexpats”), all these criteria don’t matter one bit. I’ve known many gringos who explicitly say it: they’re in South America only to get laid. Nothing else. So their only criteria is beauty of the women. That’s why you find these types in areas where the population reflects the international standard of beauty, and most people prefer white / European – whether they admit it or not. That’s why you don’t see many sexpats in Bolivia, Africa, etc.
Attractiveness of the people doesn’t only appeal to sexpats however. I doubt many women would be willing to move to a place where they’re not attracted to the local men. In my experience, gringa women are more attracted to Colombian men than Peruvian men.
There are many beautiful Peruvian people, but according to the widely held perceptions of beauty, Colombia beats Peru.
Crime / safety – Peru
Despite its being a poorer country with a less developed economy, the streets of the average Peruvian city are much safer than Colombian cities. I don’t know why, but I’ve surmised in the past that there is criminality and corruption in the Colombian personality. There is in the Peruvian psyche too, but it’s stronger in Colombia. There are nasty parts of Lima – Callao, La Victoria – but they pale in comparison to the slums of Colombian cities.
Life is cheaper in Colombia, there are more drug addicts, prostitution is more prevalent, and con men are more prolific. Peru is safer and has less crime than Colombia.
Education – Colombia
See the US News & World Report’s ranking of universities in Latin America. The first university to rank between Colombia and Peru would be Colombia’s most prestigious, Andes University, in La Candelaria (#6). Ninth is Colombia’s National University AKA La Nacho, and #23 is La Javeriana in Chapinero. The first Peruvian university to appear is Lima’s Pontifica Catholic University – at #34, coming after yet another Colombian university, Medellin’s Antioquia University (#27). So four Colombian universities beat out Peru’s best.
Bogota is known as the “Athens of Latin America” for its high number of universities. If you live in the heart of the city, a daily part of life will be navigating the tens of thousands of pedestrian students in university districts.
For primary and secondary education, I’d just assume Colombia beats Peru given its nature as a country that produces more intellectuals, artists, etc.
Are there any criteria I missed in evaluating an expat’s destination? Let me know in the comments!
Nice balance between the two countries. Very accurate, since it has been writen for a person who has been living in both places for long time, and has had the opportunity to learn deeply of every culture.
In Colombia you can drink the water in the mountains.
I ❤ Colombia, but I've been told (by Paisas, admittedly) that if you drink the water by the coast you practically take your life in your hands.
This might shed a different light on the story of Pollo and the clasista gomela who flipped out when served tap water in BAQ.
“In almost three years in Colombia, I never had my water cut off.”
It happens in Cali quite often and I have only been there on holiday
“In Colombia you can drink the water. ”
But lots of Colombians never do. Then again my brother in law believes that tap water in Spain and the UK is dangerous (it isn’t). I always drink tap water in Cali – never had problems unless I give it to my son when my wife gives me problems.
Country with excessive number of zeros in its currency – Colombia.
I am constantly reminded of the term giving “Papaya”. I believe the concept of Papaya is giving others the opportunity to steal from you. In other words, you are a chump because you did not secure you belongings, therefore you are an idiot and you deserve to have your stuff stolen. I think you are right that there is a natural corruption/flaw in the character of Colombians.
Thank you Pamir!
Twenty – I had heard that about water at the Coast, but I’ve never visited. So this goes for David’s comment as well – if modernness is a major priority, avoid the Colombian coasts.
Mark – they’re proposing to drop three zeros – FINALLY. http://colombiareports.com/colombia-news/economy/26113-santos-still-wants-to-slash-3-zeros-from-colombias-peso.html
Esteban – that’s a whole ‘nother article re: “dar papaya.” But I and many other expats agree that it’s a bullshit thing to say, and it effectively transfers the burden from criminals to victims.
That attitude is part of the reason Colombia has such high crime.
Nice comparison between Colombia and Peru. And yes, you have to deal more with the rain in Bogotá (which has less rain than other main cities in Colombia) but you must also accept that unlike Lima, the sun also shines quite often.
You forgot the easiness of getting laid, and how serious is the people regarding a business (would you choose a colombian or a peruvian partner for a business?)
Well, on the water topic. I live in Barranquilla and have been drinking tap water my whole life, it has never given me any trouble. It might be a bit different in other cities like Santa Marta and Cartagena. I was in Sta Marta some weeks ago and a french girl drank tap water and got sick, but water is usually safe in Barranquilla.
I don’t know any americans who drink tap water anywhere, ever. I know I don’t. That reminds me of one of the little weird things I’ve noticed here in colombia. You can get water in a little plastic bag, and milk too. I work out (and smoke out) at that public outdoor gym over by lleras and I always drink a bag of milk after my workout. Everybody always looks at me like I’m some kind of freak when I do it. I fee like telling them hey I need to get my protein, it’s not my fault your country sells milk in a freaking plastic bag. Wtf!
And why does every single colombiano walk around with a backpack on, or one of those man purses? What are they carrying in there? Deodorant and a change of clothes, an uzi, wtf?
I gotta eat some of this peruvian food everybody keeps raving about. Where’s a good peruvian place in Medellin? I’ve been here 3 weeks now and I’ve eaten bandeja paisa or bandeja something every single day I’ve been here. It’s not bad so I’m not complaining yet but I’m sure one of these days it’s gonna get old.
I’m “American” and drink tap water everywhere. I lived in Villavicencio and drank the tap water there. I lived in Medellin and drank th tap water there. Never a problem.
Haven’t you forgotten one very big advantage for Bogota (if the propaganda is true I haven’t been there enough to judge)?
In Bogota you can safetly cycle to a lot of destinations.
That is something most of the first world hasn’t got let alone South America.
I think you should add that to the advantages (sadly not true of Cali or Medellin)
Ease of Getting Laid – yes, that probably should’ve made the list as I’m sure it’s important to many expats 🙂
It depends if you count whores. If you do, then Colombia is much easier. Not just paying for them, but a lot of putas give it up for free when they want to get laid too. On a few of my old brothel tours, girls would say to me, “Cuanto te cobro?” And I’d say “10 mil” and they’d be down. That just pays for the room. You can also pull whores out of amaneceros like La Cascada, I’ve met lots of Colombians that specialize in feeding them dope to keep the party going and end up taking them home in the wee hours. Also in Colombia there are many more whores. Every night there are acres and acres of Colombian prostitute pussy going home cold and broke. In Peru you can go to a whorehouse and there’s one girl serving ten dudes. Supply and demand in the two countries is equally inverted and disproportionate.
If a guy doesn’t bang whores then he’ll have an easier time getting laid in Peru. There are gringo-hunters everywhere, but in Peru they have their own slang term: bricheras. There are so many. It’s ridiculous.
Matthew B – Drinking milk is largely a Caucasian phenomenon (think the big glass of milk at dinner is normal?). That would weird out most global citizens outside Northern Europe and North America. Colombia is actually more lactose-tolerant, and more dairy enthusiast culture than most of Latin America. Specifically the Indian blood is more likely to be lactose intolerant. So we gringos are the weird ones. (I spent years chugging a liter after weightlifting, and did GOMAD diet twice)
Those man-purses are the top artesanal / handicraft product from Colombia. Colombian dudes wear them and don’t think they’re gay.
Don’t expect good eatin’ in Colombia and you won’t be let down 🙂
David – The cicloruta and cycling infrastructure of Bogota is definitely an advantage. However, this article was just comparing Colombia vs. Peru. A city comparison of Bogota vs. Lima is coming soon, and cycling will DEFINITELY make the list!
“Drinking milk is largely a Caucasian phenomenon (think the big glass of milk at dinner is normal?). That would weird out most global citizens outside Northern Europe and North America.”
It seems like drinking water with your meal is thought to be peculiar here too. When I order a meal somwhere, the waiter always assume I want a gaseosa or some kind of jugo, and they look at me like something´s wrong with me when I tell them I´ll have a bottled water. They always ask me two or three times if I´m sure that´s what I want. Mexicans are the same way so I´m not surprised. It´s like people from latin countries think if something doesn´t have sugar in it that it´s not worth drinking.
Lima has excellent surfing, point break at La Herradura was cooking when I visited. Mancora in the north has warm water all levels of waves.
Bogota compensates plenty of LSD and hookers.
When I was in Bogota I met a few Mormons. It would interesting to compare level of religiosity and incursions by evangelicals into traditionally catholic/pagan countries.
dude this is a great article, thank you!
Dude said he worked out , smoked out and drank milk all just outside his gym in Llares…I don’t know why but I’m still giggling about that. Fuck….
It’s that little outdoor public gym right next to the soccer court, basketball court. Right down the street from casa kiwi hostel. Yea dude I go there, work out, drink my post workout bag of milk, eat some fruit for carbs, then I either smoke my bud there at the gym or i’ll go behind the basketball court back in the wooded creek area where nobody can see me. What a life huh? Lol!
Another great article Colin. Thanks. One thought on Peruvian women, when they are pretty, they are really, really pretty. That mixture of Indian and Spanish blood in a women can literally make me weak in the knees. And by the way, congrats on your marriage. Your wife is an example of what i’m talking about.
I have no idea where that outdoor gym is at. (sarcasm intended) Have a coffee at Tinto y Tinteras or a beer at the Shamrock and give my buddies a little business.
Having lived in Lima now, as well as Medellin, I agree with much of what you said. Picking one country over the other depends on your priorities. I’m glad I’ve had the chance to live in both, but my preference remains Medellin (CO).
I’ve been in 18 Colombian cities and drank the water in ALL of them, including all over the coast, the llanos Tolima etc… NEVER had a problem… in the DR I can’t even eat a salad washed in the local water or I’m in the john for 3 days!
It rains more in NYC London or Paris than it does in Bogota. If it rained as much as it did in Peru you wouldn’t be able to drink the water. LA and Phoenix have undrinkable tap water as well 😛
Altitude, and beer. Hangover sure is worse in Arequipa.
I’ve travelled to and stayed in Colombia over 40 times in the past 7 years (I have a child there) and have never had trouble entering or leaving. I’m not sure where you are getting the info about only being able to get a tourist visa of 60 days twice per calendar year – there is NO visa requirement if you stay less than 60 days. You can enter and leave as often as you’d like, as long as it isn’t over 60 days – then you’d go on a “visa run” – something many ex-pats do by leaving the country for one day (and doing so thru an official exit point). You can then re-enter Colombia and you are good for 60 more days. And you can do this by bus or even a ferry to Panama – air travel isn’t required. Is it a pain to do this every 60 days? Maybe. It is more of a pain to overstay the time you are allowed to be in Colombia and have to pay a fine before leaving? Definitaly!
According to the ranking for Latin America in terms of female beauty, peru leaves behind Colombia, regarding contests “standard” of beauty
4. Dominican Republic
6. Puerto Rico
Venezuela, Peru and Argentina representing Latin America
In Colombia there are beautiful women, but “something” my country wins, it also succeeds in Indian beauty, make no mistake, the competition and the winners speak for themselves
Thanks for the article! I found it very interesting.
I agree that in Bogota rains as hell, however, not all the cities in Colombia have the same weather, in fact Bogota’s weather is one of the worst.
In regards of beauty, colombian women are not the prettiest, the whole point is that the most of us are ok, decent pretty (not hyperpretty but enough), so you dont need to move a lot, to find a cute match… and you can take a picture and find that you can actually date any of the girls in it.
In regards of food, even though the food is simple, we have a lot of organic food, a huge variety of vegetables and fruits…
Something else: you forgot to compare the culture scene: theatre, music, concerts, parades, carnivals, etc etc..
I’m from Colombia and I have lived in Bogota for more than 10 years…
I lived in London for one year as well,
I visited Lima,
Regarding the beauty of women, if you go out on a friday or saturday in Bogota, you will find plenty of really hot chicks, pretty faces and smoking bodies,
They are not the easiest to approach, but that can be a good thing, because they are not hypocrites, if you pass through that first wall and you gain a bit of trust, you are in for an easy pick up
5 colombian cities are ranked in the 50 most violent cities of the world. none peruvian cities in the list.. Peru is 1million safer than colombia. sorry to break it to you. but i cherish my life
la parte en que dice que arequipa y Lima son las únicas habitables refleja mucha desinformación. En realidad, la parte mas desarrollada para vivir en Perú es lima y el norte: Chiclayo, Trujillo, Piura, son ciudades cosmopolitas, eso lo sabe cualquier peruano, y a la larga lo sabrá cualquier extranjero que tenga experiencia viviendo en Perú. En el sur esta arequipa , pero es la única, los departamentos de alrededor no han llegado al desarrollar todavia, tal vez lo hagan en el siglo 21
Hola, Collins, soy peruano, dijiste que entre un hombre colombiano y uno peruano, una extranjera prefiere a un colombiano, bueno, no estoy envidioso de esto, pero si quería preguntarte, ¿porque crees esto?
En segundo lugar, A las peruanas les gustan los “gringos”, eso es claro, pero he visto que a la mujer colombiana, muy guapa por cierto, tambien le gusta mucho el hombre peruano, por experiencias que he tenido, ¿lo has notado?¿no tienes alguna idea de porque?
Hi, Collins, I’m Peruvian, said that between one man and one Peruvian Colombian, a foreign preferred a Colombian, well, I’m envious of this, but if I wanted to ask, why do you think this?
Second, the Peruvians like “gringos”, that is clear, but I’ve seen a Colombian woman, very pretty by the way, also loves Peruvian man, by experiences I’ve had, have you noticed ? would not have any idea why?
Car, when my Peruvian wife and I went to Colombia, many of her cousins and friends told her to bring them back a Colombian guy. But that doesn’t necessarily mean anything.
The difference in attraction between Peruvian and Colombian MEN is small. There’s a bigger difference between the attractiveness of the two countries’ women. In my experience, and this actually applies more to Latin attitudes than gringos, people prefer white faces. They don’t like the Indian look. And obviously that Indian look is more common in Peru than Colombia.
Here in Peru, look at all the advertisements and billboards in the street, the telenovelas and TV commercials. There are almost NO Indian faces. Doesn’t that seem strange? If you turned the sound off, it could be Argentine or Uruguayan television. It does not reflect at all how the Peruvian people look.
The Colombian race has more European blood than the Peruvian race. When girls think of Colombian men, they think of Juanes. When they think of Peruvian men, they think of Grupo 5. And they want Juanes.
It’s not fair, it’s not right, it’s not politically correct, but that’s how it is. In my experience.
I was just wondering, based on your experiences or what you may have heard, how much is the overstay fee. I have been here almost a year and a half over my visa and know that I will need to pay an overstay fee, however I have no idea how much. Ive heard that this depènds on the DAS agent and you have to do it at DAS before going to the airport, but there isnt much info about anywhere. Thought Id see if you might know.
subjetivo a mas no poder el articulo y desinformado.
Excellent article. Which is more expensive – Lima or Medellin? I have lived in Lima for over 10 months, I loved the city specially Miraflores area and I found Lima is not too expensive, food is great and rent is reasonable in Surco, San Isidro etc. I was making US$ 3000 and living with my family of 4 (2 small children). Will a family of 4 be able to live well in Medellin with US$ 3000?
Thanks for the comparative article.
I think much of this gringo thing is simply a matter of attractive differences: Dark guy, light woman; light woman, dark guy. That each are from an entirely different country & culture may simply add to the appeal.
Good article. Lightly varnished balance between truth
and civility. Well organized, easy to access the info you want.
Great format and style for travel info.
I find talking about people looking like indian or european of an extreme bad taste. This article reveals the level of instruction of its author and also the hubris of the mediocre.
Excellent reviews but just regarding the guy Matthew B talking about getting weird looks when ordering a bottle of water whereas in Colombia, Peru or México needs to know that probably if you are from north america we assume you’ll always have a drink with some sugar in it (it’s a cliche here).
Im from latin american and I always order a bottle of water so maybe they ask you twice because they couldn’t understand you or they didn’t spoke excellent english.
100% normal to order water in latin american countries.
I’m astounded at some people’s sheer stupidity and lack of inspiration insight (not to mention lack of decency) in some of their comments. Frankly the comparison, while intersting, is over-simplified and in some cases totally false.
The race question for example was not well explained. Peruvians are mostly of Native (Indian) ancestry while Colombians are mostly mixed with European and (depending on the region) also African. The reason being is NOT because of certain Indian civilizations existing or not existing. Colombia was just as heavily populated with Native Americans at Columbus’ arrival as was Peru with several small “civilizations” like the Chibcha and the Guambino. During the colonial period however, many Spanish pheasants from Northern Spain colonized the central highlands of Colombia and mixed freely with the natives. Colombia’s cool, lush and fertile highlands were among the few places in Tropical America where Europeans could live comfortably, another was in nearby Costa Rica. For this reason Colombian Spanish and Costa Rican Spanish remarkably similar and considered the best in all of Latin America, despite being separated from each other by Panama. This also lends to a more westernized “cowboy” culture in Colombia. Those “man purses” you talk about were actually originally used by (and popularized by) the VERY MACHO cowboys of Antioquia for long horse riding trips.Africans were imported as slaves to the Coasts, both Atlantic and Pacific. The pacific lacked European settlement due to It’s inhospitable climate, so the population remained heavily African, who adapted quite well to the hot and humid pacific coast. Bogota has always been the stalwart, colonial center of Colombia’s elite and European based corruption. It represents conservatism and phoniness for most Colombian’s. Most Colombians are a mix of european, indian and even african ancestry. Colombia’s are generally very content however with their lives, ranking among the happiest countries in the world. The economy has always been very strong in Colombia. Medellin was known as a booming industrial city, way before it was known for Mafia. Insecurity became a problem however in recent years when the mafia-led guerrillas took over half the country and impeded safety and local.travel, this has since been resolved and the security in Colombia has been restored to a normal level.
Lastly, when it comes to sheer beauty and ULTRA-AMAZING natrural splendor, Colombia not only beats Peru, but it also beats most of the rest of the World! It’s one of the most, beautiful, Biologically diverse, dramatic, pictureque and just downright AWESOME. The only reason Colombia isn’t the TOP world nature destination it deserves to be is because of the (overblown) reputation it has gotten from the drug trade and from Hollywood itself (which never actually films in beaitiful Colombia, but somewhere in Mexico or Guatemala) As someone who has travelled there from Childhood, it’s both a pleasure visiting there and a sad notion that the world is missing out on travelling there to discover the amazing and they unparalleled natural beauty that exists there!!! Top cities in Colombia for beauty and culture are: Medellin, Manizales, Bucaramanga, Cartagena,.Santa Marta, Armenia, Ibague and Popayan. While Bogota is frigid, overcast, bleak and just downright ugly in some areas. It’s cold and reminds you of New York, Detroit or Manchester. Not very tropical and certainly not very friendly either.
As far as Peru is concerned, it’s interesting food is a legacy of the creative Inca’s. Its mountains are even bigger, but they are completely parched and dry (except for the amazonian foothills). Peru has many social problems along the coast, but in the highlands a more traditional lifestyle exists. Spanish is spoken by most people nowadays, even in the rural hamlets. Lima is not a very beautiful city beautiful in fact it is the uggliest capital city in Latin America! Its like a doomsday scenario of Los Angeles, complete with dense smog and endless poverty. Cuzco on the other hand is much nicer.
All in all, I’d hate to pit one country against another or say one is better than another. But they are both very different I would say. I think most Northamericans and Europeans would enjoy Colombia more, identify with it more and find it a way more beautiful and enjoyable tourist destination than Peru.
Please get off your high horse. .Do you think Colombia is the only country with the most biologically diverse? Peru is also one of the most biologically diverse country and is due to the Amazon.. 2/3 Peru land is the jungle..Colombia only shares some of the Amazon as a matter of fact Brazil is rated at the top and so does Indonesia..To say, Lima is ugly and endless poor is bad judgement. You have never step foot in Lima. Lima has beautiful parks, colonial building, good hotel infrastructure, museums, haute restaurants that keeps visitors happy. Lima and Cuzco hotels are rated very top at the Worlds’ travel awards for the last consecutive years. Peru receives more tourists than Colombia and its tourism infrastructure is more developed than Colombia. However, public transportation outside of Lima is very inferior to Colombia but it is improving. Lima 2 subterranean metro will start this August which Bogota doesn’t have one, though Medellin does.. Lastly, comparing FARC vs Shining Path is abysmal. One is not present anymore and it was gutted out from Peru. Its reign only lasted a decade. However, it did cause tremendous damage and terror but it pales in comparison with whats happening in Colombia. Whose internal conflict has started since 1950 as a matter of fact, Colombia history has been bound to violence ever since his independence, beginning with the thousands day war (1899-1902), la violencia (1948-1958), militant groups (1960), cocaine trade (1980-1990), and the ongoing terrorist group that operate to this day. Medellin, Bogota, Cali, Buenaventura, Pereira, Santa Mara, Cututa have appear in the 50 Most Violent cities in the World for the past five years. There is a strong criminal mentality in the Colombia society. It saddens me because they’re neighbors but it is the truth. Colombia is known to export hit man gangs to their neighbors Venezuela, Peru and Ecuador. Medellin was once known as the most violent city in the World, not even Peru during the bad days (1980-1990) came close to their atrocities. There is no Peruvian, Ecuadorian, Bolivian city ever appear on the 50 most violent list. For the most part, the indian population is very peaceful. Peru population is about 47% mestizo, 32% amerindian, 18% white and so on. Most of the crime is committed by mestizos, there is low crime in the less developed areas such as the highlands. For now, tourist prefer Peru as a destination than Colombia, the difference isn’t much but is the fact. Colombia has clean its internal struggle before which in my opinion will never reach. Plan Colombia has poured millions of dollars without much success while less developed Peru has managed on its own, for the most part, to clean his own internal problems. There is a colombian mentality too look down on its neighbors as if they feel are superior which is not the case. For now, Colombia cities might have curbed down violence and crime but their levels of violence is still one of the highest in the region. Last year Peru’s crime statistics is one of the lowest trailing Chile and said to be stable years to come. I am still surprised as the number of tourist Colombia receives, is it much deserved, I don’t think so…
there is only one arequipa
Gringos think They Are the handsomes of the world, you are completely wrong. The most attracted men are in Cuba, Brasil or Italy because of the mix race. By the way Colombian men are not handsome at all, also they speak like women. I ve been to USA and most gringos look like prince Charles :p, pink like laboratory mouses, and fat square head.
I’m Peruvian residing in USA for 18+ year my wife is american, does that mean Oklahoman girls prefer Peruvian man??
You imply that all of Colombia year-round is an incessant deluge of rainfall in epic proportions. This is an exaggeration. There are many days of sun in Colombia. There is plenty of sun to be found in Cartagena, Santa Marta, Cali, Medellín, etc. Yes there is lots of rain but, in some areas more than others, like the Amazonas or the Pacific coast jungle in El Chocó. If it rained as much as you imply it does, it would be a depressed counry with depressed people with no swimming pools or water parks or people going to the beach, yet all of the aforementioned activities abound. And Colombians as a whole are far from “depressed”. Remember, Medellín is called “La Ciudad de la Eterna Primavera”. So tone down the whole “rains like hell” bit.
@ Alejo –
I have to respectfully disagree with your comment. Here are precipitation statistics for Bogota and the three cities with the rainiest reputations in the US: Seattle, Pittsburgh, and Portland:
You can see that Bogota gets slightly less rain measured in volume than each city, but has more rainy days and less sunny days than all three.
I admit I am only looking at Bogota here. A common criticism of my blog is that my observations about Colombia are disproportionately influenced by my living three years only in Bogota, which is true.
I attribute Colombia’s success in the happiness index to what is a relatively new security situation. Most of the population is old enough to remember life in the 90s and early 2000s, and they are comparing their lives today with their lives then. I may be wrong, but time will tell if Colombian happiness stays at current levels for another 20 years, when the young Colombians who consider current conditions normal get older.
@Colin, thank you for including that caveat of only thinking about Bogotá when you refer to Colombia, which really renders the statistics you included as fairly useless. And they’re useless because you are only focusing on Bogotá, which at 8,660 ft altitude, makes it an anomaly within Colombia. It is therefore the exception, and far from the rule. Could you imagine someone blogging about the weather in the USA, but having only lived in Washington DC and using that as a reflection of the whole USA? That would be pretty ridiculous.
Your blog isn’t about Colombia, it’s about Bogotá. And Bogotá’s weather is not emblematic of Colombia as a whole.
You said most of Peru is desert??? Only 10% of Peru is desert. Also, a huge part of Peru is Amazon.
Thank you. Gracias. I am bilingual, bilingue. Que pais es mejor para un hombre y Su perra (grande)? Nos gusta caminar, algunas veces asta 2 horas, y explorar. Which country is best for a man and his large dog?
We enjoy long walks. Perhaps someone in the country would be williing to house a man and his dog, cheap. I sure could use a contact, and I have no idea where to begin, but I would like to leave U.S. Money is tight, but I suppose I could swing the transitional state. Thanks.
How dog friendly is Peru? My dog is large..90 lbs, but is my best friend. We ate loyal to one another. Might there be a peasant or something, in Peru, that could provide lodging for me and dog, on a long term basis, cheap? Thanks.
Which country is best in terms of mosquito’s, and diseases? For that matter, which is best in whole of South A.?
Hey Rod, Bogotá is kind of a paradise for a Dog owner, there is parks to walk them everywhere, all weekends the city blocks major Roads for sports and entertainment purposes known as “ciclovia” you MUST keep in mind that teh city asks dow owners to be responsible and pick up their poop and have them correctly socialized so there is no problem with children and other dogs.
Looks like Colombia wins hands down! Particularly, with Colombian women! They are hot! Peruvian gals, unfortunately (the majority) very indigenous. More to explore and do in Colombia. Thank for analysis!
Colin, when you gonna write the Lima vs. Bogota article? Interested in your perspective.
I spent a long time in Medellin and my observation is that the vast majority of Colombians are mestizo. The number of people who are caucasian or would pass for it is small. The same goes for Lima, Peru. I see no real difference in the ratio of white-looking people to mestizos (I’m talking Lima, not the whole of Peru).
That said, they don’t look identical. Colombia’s mestizo women will tend to have the bigger, rounder butts that some men find appealing. Peru’s mestizo women will generally be shorter, but have their own attractive features, such as high cheekbones, well-defined noses and bronze skin.
I don’t think there’s any real difference in attractiveness unless you are somehow very wealthy and moving in the circles of the miss universe type of women for which Colombia is famous.
Hey, anyone know how Peru/ Colombia stack up against Bolivia and Paraguay…in terms of safety?
I’m not the party seeker type..nor am I looking for women. Just looking for quiet…large spaces with comfortable weather and security where one can meditate go for long walks.
Really nice and interesting analysis. Thank you !
I live now in Lima with my boyfriend and maybe he will be transferred to Bogota in 6 mouths. So we are looking for informations about the two cities to compare.
You already wrote about Lima vs Bogota?
Gracias por tu respuesta.
Hasta luego 🙂
Colin, compare Bogota to Santiago too.
HI MY OPINION GOES ACCORDINGLY TO WHAT I HAVE SEEN AND HEARD, MOST PERUVIANS ARE TRANQUIL PEOPLE DUE TO ITS CULTURE NO MUCH COMFLCT .. THEY TEND TO BE FRIENDLY AND VERY POLITE IT HUMBLES ME TO SEE HOW COURTEOUS THEY ARE.
THE PERUVIAN FOOD IS DELICIOUS EXTREMELY WELL PREPARED THEY TAKE PRIDE IN THEIR DISHES.
MOST OF THE CRIMES EN PERU IS ORGANISED AND CONTROLLED BY COLOMBIANS NOT ALL BUT A GOOD NUMBER COLOMBIA TEND TO EMIGRATE TO PERU TO BE QUITE HONEST THEY ARE RUINING THE LIFE IN LIMA. COLOMBIAN TEND TO BE AGGRESSIVE AND PROMPT TO FIGHT AND ARGUE PERUVIANS ARE THE OPPOSITE
Colin, great article that made me laugh. I appreciate the honest perspective, and the term “sexpat” is very, very true!
I lived in Panama for 7 years and then made the jump over to Colombia… obviously for a pretty Colombian woman who is an orthodontist, well educated, intelligent, fun and doesn’t want children.
I will have to spend some time in Peru, per your suggestions.
Thanks for the info!
-ELC with MasculineProfiles.com

domain: geography


text:
Old Mill Market Company
WHO WE ARE
The Old Mill Market is a bakery/retail store that specializes in homemade and locally grown products. Stop by for a hot biscuit and a fresh cup of coffee in the morning, treat your kids to an after school cookie or cupcake, or pick up a casserole and loaf of bread for an easy homemade dinner. Stroll around our retail area for your next gift giving idea in our home accents collection, or pick up some of our jams, jellies, and pre-packaged Georgia Grown items for your next dinner party. In addition we’ll have select in season produce and meats from local farmers.
Our bakery offers a wide range of tried and true homemade goodies. An array of cakes, cupcakes, cookies, pies, pastries, breads and casseroles are prepared daily. We also specialize in custom cakes and cupcakes for events such as weddings, showers, and birthdays. Orders can be placed by phone. Stay connected with us for seasonal specials!
Home Decor and Packaged Goods
Our retail area is full of products from small Georgia Grown and local Middle Georgia businesses. We'll have fresh and frozen meats, cheeses, casseroles, jams, jellies, honey, handmade soaps, and pre-packaged baked good to name a few things. We also have a wide variety of small home accents for kitchen and living areas. Our wooden bowls, cutting boards, candles, pillows and throws make the perfect gifts! For the kiddos we have a seven foot boat filled with candy for purchase by the pound. AND...complimentary popcorn will always be available to our customers under 12!
Hours are subject to change as our company grows.
Thursday: 7:00am - 6:00pm
Friday: 7:00am - 6:00pm
Saturday: 8:00am - 5:00pm
*Online orders can be picked up during store hours*


Top quality 8-note hand bell set.
Top quality construction and accurate intonation make this 8-Note Hand Bell Set the best value available. C-c range, each of the 8 metal bells are marked with the proper note and number to help children learn the musical scale.
- top-quality construction
- accurate intonation
- marked with proper notes and numbers


Friday, March 11, 2005 - Espaņola Island: Punta Suarez
Just another pretty face
Espaņola Island is the southernmost island in the Galapagos Archipelago and has some of the largest marine iguanas. Its location far from the other islands has led to a high degree of species differentiation and a large number of sea birds. It's the only island to have the waved albatross, but alas, not this time of year. We will have to come back!
This island is a must-visit for a Galapagos tour. Our toughest walk of the trip came here. It was only about a mile, and we took it really, really slow, but it was very rocky and brutal on the feet. Be sure to wear some tough-soled shoes when you're here. We spent about three hours at this site.
Cliffs of Punta Suarez
The trail takes you through some tall rock formations and by some stunning seascapes. We spent an enjoyable time sitting on the cliffs watching a blowhole erupt as the waves broke through a volcanic fissure. We were hoping to see a crab shoot up through the hole, but no dice. It was still cool.
Espaņola is teeming with life. This is what I had in mind when I thought about visiting the Galapagos. We saw marine iguanas, land iguanas, lava lizards, sea lions, crabs, and all kinds of birds - American oyster catchers, a yellow-crowned night heron, Nasca boobies, blue-footed boobies, and even a Galapagos hawk.
Yellow-crowned night heron
The blue-footed boobies are hilarious. Most of them we saw in pairs (boobies are always better in pairs), and several pairs were engaged in a not-so-graceful mating dance.
Pair of boobies
Dinner was at 7:00, as per usual, then we were immediately underway. It's four to five hours to Floreana Island, and this way we'd be at a standstill for the greater part of the night. For dinner we had excellent fresh sea bass. Tom had ordered the "nothing that swims" meal, and they brought him an omelet. Oops - he doesn't eat eggs either. He managed with just the rice and vegetables.
After dinner Tom and I went outside to look at the stars and enjoy the night air. When we came back in at 9:30, everyone else had already turned it, so we drifted off as well. There was a lot of swell again tonight while the yacht was motoring, but I wedged myself in the bunk and slept great.


text:
publication date: Mar. 6, 2020
Drugs & Targets
FDA approves Sarclisa in patients with previously treated MM
FDA has approved Sarclisa (isatuximab-irfc), in combination with pomalidomide and dexamethasone, for the treatment of adult patients with multiple myeloma who have received at least two prior therapies including lenalidomide and a proteasome inhibitor.
Sarclisa, administered through intravenous infusion, is a CD38-directed cytolytic antibody that works by helping certain cells in the immune system attack multiple myeloma cancer cells.
Sanofi sponsors the drug.
FDA approved the indication based on data from ICARIA-MM (NCT02990338), a multicenter, multinational, randomized, open-label, two-arm, phase III study in 307 patients with relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma who had received at least two prior therapies including lenalidomide and a proteasome inhibitor. Patients were randomized (1:1) to receive either isatuximab-irfc with pomalidomide and low-dose dexamethasone (Isa-Pd, 154 patients) or pomalidomide and low-dose dexamethasone (Pd, 153 patients).
“Targeting cells has led to the development of important oncology treatments. While there is no cure for multiple myeloma, Sarclisa is now another CD38-directed treatment option added to the list of FDA-approved treatments of patients with multiple myeloma who have progressive disease after previous therapies,” Richard Pazdur, director of the FDA’s Oncology Center of Excellence and acting director of the Office of Oncologic Diseases in the FDA’s Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, said in a statement. “In the clinical trial, there was a 40% reduction in the risk of disease progression or death with this therapy.”
The main efficacy outcome measure was progression-free survival assessed by an independent committee based on central laboratory data for M-protein and central radiologic imaging review using International Myeloma Working Group criteria. The improvement in PFS represented a 40% … Continue reading FDA approves Sarclisa in patients with previously treated MM
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domain: medical


A goal at the death from Mark Beck earned Harrogate Town all three points in a pulsating match at The Shay Stadium, Halifax.
Beck, George Thomson and Jack Muldoon were recalled to Harrogate’s line up, replacing Jon Stead, Jack Diamond and Sam Jones.
Initially, both sides struggled to cope with the pace of the ball as it skidded on the sodden surface, but as they settled, the match turned into an absorbing contest.
An early effort from Ryan Fallowfield sailed wide of the Halifax goal, prompting the Shaymen to retaliate with a shot from Liam McAlinden which flashed over the angle of post and bar.
As the action ebbed and flowed, it was the visitors who had the next attempt when Alex Bradley’s twenty yard drive forced home keeper, Sam Johnson, to leap to his left to claw the ball away for a corner.
Halifax, roared on by a sizeable home crowd, then put Town under a period of intense pressure.
A frantic goalmouth scramble ended with James Belshaw saving from McAlinden with his legs and moments later, again saving with his legs as McAlinden struck a free kick round the wall after Beck had committed a foul on the edge of the area.
However, it was Harrogate who finished the half in the ascendancy, when skipper, Warren Burrell pushed forward to smash a Brendan Kiernan cut back against the crossbar from just outside the area.
Soon afterwards, Beck and Kiernan combined to release George Thomson down the left and his low cross was turned in at the far post by Fallowfield, only for Town’s joy to be cut short by the linesman’s raised flag for offside.
The half ended with Johnson turning Beck’s glancing header round the post for a Town corner.
Early second half pressure from the Shayman saw Will Smith make a vital sliding tackle to end a McAlinden run and George Smith clear from Danny Williams.
Harrogate were closing Halifax down well and denying them possession, even so, Josh Staunton forced Belshaw to make a diving save and sub, Cameron King, fired over the bar.
But Town were giving as good as they were getting and the commanding, Connor Hall, pushed forward to head a George Smith free kick just wide, while Muldoon was off target from twentyfive yards.
Just as the game appeared to be heading for a goalless draw, Town struck!
Fallowfield and Thomson combined down the right and the latter’s low centre found Beck at the near post and he shot into the roof of the net for a welcome winner.
Indeed, Town could have made it two deep into stoppage time when Muldoon broke clear, but his sidefooted shot was just wide of the far post.
Belshaw, Fallowfield, G Smith, Burrell, Thomson, Beck, Kiernan(Diamond 69), Bradley(Brown 80), Muldoon, Hall, W Smith.
Unused subs, Emmett, Cracknell, Stead.
Scorer, Beck 88.
FC Halifax Town,
Johnson, Duckworth, Binnom-Williams, Clarke, Nolan, Sho-Silva, Staunton, McAlinden, J King(C King 67), Williams(Southwell 72), Cooper.
Unused subs, Earing, Appleyard, Hanson.
Booked Cooper. Att 1918
Referee, S Mather


text:
Joh 1:1 In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God.
Joh 1:2 The same was in the beginning with God.
Joh 1:3 All things were made by him; and without him was not any thing made that was made.
Joh 1:4 In him was life; and the life was the light of men.
Joh 1:5 And the light shineth in darkness; and the darkness comprehended it not.
Joh 1:6 There was a man sent from God, whose name was John.
Joh 1:7 The same came for a witness, to bear witness of the Light, that all men through him might believe.
Joh 1:8 He was not that Light, but was sent to bear witness of that Light.
Joh 1:9 That was the true Light, which lighteth every man that cometh into the world.
Joh 1:10 He was in the world, and the world was made by him, and the world knew him not.
Joh 1:11 He came unto his own, and his own received him not.
Joh 1:12 But as many as received him, to them gave he power to become the sons of God, even to them that believe on his name:
Joh 1:13 Which were born, not of blood, nor of the will of the flesh, nor of the will of man, but of God.
Joh 1:14 And the Word was made flesh, and dwelt among us, (and we beheld his glory, the glory as of the only begotten of the Father,) full of grace and truth.

domain: library


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