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Submission Deadline: Sep. 15, 2015
Lead Guest Editor
University of Lille Nord de France, Artois University, Jean Perrin Faculty of Science,
Guidelines for Submission
Manuscripts can be submitted until the expiry of the deadline. Submissions must be previously unpublished and may not be under consideration elsewhere.
Papers should be formatted according to the guidelines for authors (see: http://www.sciencepublishinggroup.com/journal/guideforauthors?journalid=226
). By submitting your manuscripts to the special issue, you are acknowledging that you accept the rules established for publication of manuscripts, including agreement to pay the Article Processing Charges for the manuscripts. Manuscripts should be submitted electronically through the online manuscript submission system at http://www.sciencepublishinggroup.com/login
. All papers will be peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal and will be listed together on the special issue website.
The special issue currently is open for paper submission. Potential authors are humbly requested to submit an electronic copy of their complete manuscript by clicking here
Nanoscience research is based on the development of new materials. The objective is to achieve new properties. The study of these properties requires the conservation of these new materials (in particular insulator and fragile) in their natural state during their observation and analysis. Obtaining and developing innovative materials needs the use of a suitable tool of characterization such as the variable pressure/environmental scanning and Transmission electron microscope (ESEM or ETEM).
Conventional Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscopy (CSEM and CTEM) equipped with a Microanalysis system are a convenient tool to analyze and to follow the structural evolution of the heterogeneous materials and working under high vacuum (about 10-5 Torr). In order to avoid sample preparation which introduces some artefacts and spent more energy this conventional technique is not suitable. Difficulty arises for insulating hydrated and biological materials. There is a much interest in introducing the gas environment in the specimen chamber which leads to the degradation of the high vacuum. The electron beam scattering by gaseous environment is the fundamental parameter limiting the performance of the Gaseous Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscopy (GSEM and GTEM). The beam skirt produced by the presence of the gas affects imagery and the microanalysis results by decreasing the resolution and different gases were used (water vapor, air, argon, nitrogen, helium….). Examples of application concerning materials, nanomaterials and environment are more encouraged.

domain: chemistry


The Evolution of Wearable Technology: From Smartwatches to Smart Clothing
Technological advancements have always been aimed at making our lives easier and more convenient. From the first telephone to the invention of the internet, each innovation has brought new ways of improving our daily routines. One area that has seen a tremendous amount of growth in recent years is wearable technology. What started as simple wrist-worn devices has now evolved into smart clothing that can revolutionize the way we interact with the world around us.
The journey of wearable technology began with the introduction of smartwatches. These wrist-mounted devices were primarily used as an extension of our smartphones, providing us with notifications, fitness tracking, and even the ability to make calls. Today, smartwatches have become much more than just a companion for our smartphones. They can monitor our heart rate, track our steps, and even analyze our sleep patterns. With the ability to install apps and connect to the internet, smartwatches have become a powerful tool for staying connected and maintaining a healthy lifestyle.
As smartwatches continued to gain popularity, technology companies started exploring new avenues for wearable tech. One of the most significant developments was the incorporation of sensors and electronics into our clothing. Smart clothing, also known as e-textiles, takes wearable technology to a whole new level. From shirts that can monitor our vitals to socks that can track our movement, e-textiles are transforming the way we think about clothing.
One notable example of smart clothing is the integration of heart rate monitoring into sports bras or shirts. These garments use sensors embedded in the fabric to measure electrical signals from the heart and provide real-time monitoring. This innovation has made it easier for athletes and fitness enthusiasts to keep track of their heart rate during workouts without the need for bulky chest straps or wristbands. It’s a significant step forward in terms of comfort and convenience.
Another exciting development in the field of e-textiles is the creation of smart shoes. Companies like Nike and Adidas have been experimenting with embedding sensors and chips into the soles of their shoes, allowing them to track steps, analyze running technique, and provide feedback in real-time. This technology has the potential to revolutionize the way we train and prevent injuries by monitoring the impact and pressure distribution on our feet during physical activities.
In addition to health and fitness applications, smart clothing has also found its way into the fashion industry. From light-up dresses to jackets that can adjust their temperature, designers are using technology to redefine what our clothes can do. For example, Levi’s and Google have collaborated to create a smart denim jacket that can provide directions, answer calls, and control music playback using touch-sensitive fabric.
The evolution of wearable technology from smartwatches to smart clothing has truly transformed the way we engage with technology and interact with our environment. With sensors and electronics seamlessly integrated into our everyday clothing, we can now monitor our health, improve our athletic performance, and even express ourselves through the clothes we wear. As technology continues to advance, it is exciting to imagine the possibilities that lie ahead in the world of wearable tech, and the impact it will have on our lives.


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ST. LOUIS • St. Louis Alderman Antonio French said police detectives have a "heck of a lead" in catching the arsonist who torched the 21st Ward Community Office early this morning on Natural Bridge Avenue.
"We got video of the incident," French said. "They poured gasoline and set the fire. We have the whole thing on tape."
The fire was set at about 4:30 a.m. and damaged the office at 4202 Natural Bridge Avenue. French, who is the 21st Ward alderman, said the ward community office is in a strip mall that also includes a police substation, where officers come daily. The ward office keeps up with complaints of suspected drug houses and nuisance properties.
French said the surveillance camera was mounted on a light pole in front of the building. He said it shows people setting fire to the building from the outside. Once the fire started, the building's alarm system sounded and alerted authorities.
French has watched the video but won't say if he recognizes anyone. He said the video is in the hands of investigators.
"They've got a heck of a lead," French says.
St. Louis police said they are looking for one arsonist. The suspect is a black man, 5-foot-10 to 6-foot-2, with a dark complexion and wearing a black do-rag, white T-shirt, black jeans and white tennis shoes.
"The suspect poured an accelerant into the building's mail slot and lit the liquid," according to a brief summary provided by police.
The city's bombing and arson detectives are on the case.
French said the building is not a political office and none of his campaign or personal papers were in the building.
"It's a hub for all of our community activities," he said.
No one was hurt in the fire. The community office has a summer program for about 60 kids, but that takes place at another facility. Two of the vans that transport the kids to the camp were parked in front of the community office but they were not damaged.
The fire left behind plenty of smoke damage and some fire damage in the lobby, French said.
"If somebody intended this act to prevent us from continuing progress in the ward, they will be disappointed," he said. "We aren't easily intimidated."

domain: news


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We need your help
Every day, millions of adults and children in America are hungry and not sure when they will have their next meal. In 2012, according to the USDA, 49 million Americans, 14.5% of households, lived in food insecure households. North Carolina ranks number 2 in the nation for the highest rate of food insecure children under the age of 5 and number 10 in the nation for the highest rate of food insecure children under the age of 18.
The BackPack Weekend Food Program is a 501 (c) 3 tax exempt organization.
Students in grades K-12
Students are eligible for free lunch.
Gaston County residents are estimated to be in poverty.


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Project BioFruitNet - Rosy apple aphid (Dysaphis plantaginea) has a fast reproduction cycle and the potential to cause major damage in orchards. Preventive measures such as promoting beneficial insects and pruning are often not sufficient.
Direct control with Azadirachtin (NeemAzal®-T/S, also called Neem) decimates the population and keeps damage below the economic damage threshold.
Neem penetrates the leaves and is absorbed through the feeding activity of the pest. It also helps to control other aphid species such as D. devecta and partially against Aphis pomi.

domain: agronomy


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What Everyone Needs To Know About Their Food, Food System, GMOs And Chemicals, If They Want To Stay
The Real Truth About Health
What Everyone Needs To Know About Their Food, Food System, GMOs And Chemicals, If They Want To Stay Healthy by Mitchel Cohen, Ocean Robbins, Stacy Malkan, Jeffrey M. Smith, Andre Leu, Steven Druker, Philip Ackerman-Leist
Connect with The Real Truth About Health:
Passionate believers in whole food plant based diets, no chemicals, minimal pharmaceutical drugs, no GMO's. Fighting to stop climate change and extinction.
Please support the sponsors of our conference
food system, gmo, chemicals, pesticides, sustainability, agriculture, global food system, pesticide, genetically modified plants, genetically modified, genetically modified organism, organic pesticide, gmo food, gmos, gmo foods, genetically modified food, monsanto, organic pesticides, natural pesticides, genetically modified organisms, herbicide, organic, farming, gmo's, food systems, glyphosate, environment, insecticide, crops, sustainable development, global warming, roundup, gardening, foods

domain: food


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11 juillet 2013
Zlabia الزلابية is the reference cake of Ramadan.
I invite you to watch the video at the end of the article
Zlabia is a delicious cake, appreciated by everyone
(the favorite cake of my husband),
it has the form of crunchy spiral, with
yellow-orangy branches filled with some honey.
What are the ingredients of Zlabia? Simply
flour, yeast and water. You can add a color to it
last minute to give it a color between yellow
After that Zlabias is fried, we dip it
in some honey with a flavor of orange blossom
( Recipe of home-made Honey is posted HERE).
Published by sousoukitchen-en


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The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention confirmed the first U.S. Ebola diagnosis Tuesday after examining a patient in Dallas, Texas.
The patient, who recently spent time in West Africa according to health officials, has been in isolation at the Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital since at least the 29th of this month.
CDC officials will hold a press conference to discuss further details at 4:30 p.m. CST. Infowars was unable to reach the CDC for comment.
The announcement comes only days after a top German virologist asserted that five million people would die in Ebola-infected nations within Africa.
Despite recent attempts to reassure the public, the United States government has quietly been preparing for an Ebola outbreak for months.
Just this week, the CDC began advising funeral homes on how to handle the remains of Ebola victims while simultaneously attempting to downplay the threat.
The U.S. State Department ordered 160,000 Hazmat suits specifically for Ebola earlier this month as well.
The confirmation raises questions as to whether the CDC will invoke recently passed emergency measures that give the federal government the authority to detain any healthy American. Similarly, President Obama signed an executive order earlier this year that allows the federal government to detain anyone suspected of carrying any “communicable diseases.”

domain: medical


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My 100 word story, “Dark Glass” will bein the Another Hundred Horrors anthology to be published in the next few months from Cruentus Libri Press . All the stories are exactly 100 words long. I loved the technical challenge of producing something short and to an exact length. Gratified that it has been accepted.
When I have details of the publication date I will update you.

domain: artistic


I would imagine that the index can be unscrewed using the serrated edging.
I'd be very surprised if it doesn't unscrew.
Fantastic it does unscrew
Don't bother, you can't.i will take it apart just in case you can replace it
Just have a look, might be a washer might not. How long have you been working on this tap now.Fantastic it does unscrew took some doing as it was well and truly stuck, I see the screw now to undo it, but now you say you cant replace the washer so its not going to be a cheap 5 minute job, i have loads of washers, i will take it apart just in case you can replace it, i never knew that some tap washers cant be replaced.
If you go for a decent brand name- Grohe for example, you just phone them and they often send one out FOC.
Same with Bristan, although the taps aren't as well made.


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This Vegetarian Autumn Squash Soup has all the same great flavors as Panera’s version! Butternut Squash gets roasted and pureed with apple juice and chunks of green apples. Pumpkin gets added with honey and a perfect medley of seasonings including cinnamon, ginger and curry.
I get so excited when this soup is in season at Panera! It must be good if I actually deviate from their Broccoli Cheddar soup (holy yummy cheesiness). The squash flavors are perfection and scream the arrival of fall. I love just about anything with butternut squash. Especially, the sweet and spicy flavors going on here from the apple and curry flavors.
The biggest challenge when making this recipe is waiting for the squash to roast. Once the squash is finished, it is a breeze to finish up! I just threw it in a food processor with the apples and a bit of apple juice, but you could also just use an immersion blender to smooth everything out after it cooks for a bit. I wanted my soup to be more on the smooth side and thought the food processor would get me where I wanted to be. I have also seen recipes where the soup gets placed in a blender, but that just sounds like a pain having to blend a little bit of it at a time.
A bit of crunchiness brings a welcome texture from the roasted pumpkin or butternut squash seeds on top. Did you know that butternut squash seeds are just as delicious? I saved the seeds from my squash and roasted them for the garnishment on top of the soup. They also make a great snack!
How to roast butternut squash seeds:
- Run the seeds under water
- Clean off any squash pieces
- Dry them with paper towels
- Add the seeds to a small bowl
- Drizzle with a bit of olive oil
- Sprinkle with salt and pepper to taste
- Lightly stir
- Place the seeds on a cookie sheet lined with parchment paper
- Bake at 275 degrees for around 10 minutes until crispy
If you are in a soup kind of mood like me, be sure to also check out one of my other favorites, Slow Cooker Creamy Tortellini Spinach and Mushroom Soup. Finish off your meal with a Caramel Apple Sangria or Spiked Pumpkin Latte found on my Saturated Saturday Cocktail Page.
- 1 Large Butternut Squash
- 1 Granny Smith Apple; cubed and peeled
- 1 C. Organic Apple Juice
- 2 1/2 C. Vegetable Broth
- 1 1/2 Tsp. Ground Ginger
- 1/4 C. Honey
- 15 oz. Can of Pumpkin
- 2 1/2 Tsp. Curry Powder
- 1 Tsp. Cinnamon
- 2 Tbsp. Olive Oil
- Salt and Pepper
- 1 C. Heavy Cream
- 2 Tbsp. Sugar
- Roasted pumpkin or butternut squash seeds
Preheat oven to 450 degrees.
Cut around a 1/2" off the ends of the butternut squash.
Cut Butternut squash in half lengthwise.
Remove seeds with a spoon.
Place squash on a cookie sheet, drizzle both sides with olive oil, lightly season with salt and pepper.
Place squash facing down (skin facing up) on the cookie sheet.
Bake for around 45-50 minutes until squash is tender all the way through when poked with a fork.
Allow squash to cool slightly; use a spoon to scoop out the squash and remove from the skin.
Add squash to a food processor along with chopped apples and apple juice.
Pulse until smooth.
Add mixture to a large saucepan on low heat.
Whisk in pumpkin, vegetable broth, honey, curry, ginger and cinnamon,
Allow to simmer with the lid on for around 15 minutes; stirring occasionally.
In a small saucepan, add heavy cream and sugar; frequently whisk on medium/low heat for around 5 minutes. Don't bring to a boil.
Add the sweetened cream to the soup mixture; whisk until combined.
Continue heating with the lid off for around 5 minutes.
Remove from heat and top with roasted pumpkin or butternut squash seeds.
Note: You can save the butternut squash seeds and roast them while the soup is cooking for a garnishment.


An experienced sales professional and business manager, Mohsen Motamedian served for years as the manager of Total Nutricare in Irvine, California. Currently, Mohsen "Max" Motamedian manages the purchasing and sales division of PcBase USA, an information technology and computer solutions firm in Newport Coast, California.
PcBase USA offers an array of consulting services that provide clients with technical support, server installation, and networking solutions. A network allows devices such as computers, mobile phones, and other devices to communicate with one another and the internet. Generally, a network has switches, routers, and wireless access points to connect different devices. When creating a wireless network, people can choose any one of the below types of deployment:
Cisco Mobility Express – specifically configured with Cisco best practices, providing easy and high-performance wireless connection suitable for small or medium-sized operations.
Centralized Deployment - wireless equipment and controllers are installed in a central location. This is typically used in campus buildings where networks are in close proximity, providing easy access to as many devices as possible.
Converged Deployment - one network device manages wireless and wired connections by acting as a switch and a wireless controller.
Cloud-Based Deployment - network devices at different locations are managed through the cloud, which refers to software and services operated over the internet.
A graduate of California State University, Long Beach, Mohsen "Max" Motamedian managed the sales and distribution of Total Nutricare in Irvine for more than a decade before he moved on to work as a manager of purchasing and sales at Pcbase USA in Newport Coast, California. Outside of his professional work, Mohsen Motamedian enjoys outdoor activities such as traveling, skiing, and hiking.
The American Hiking Society, which works to ensure every American has access to hiking trails, recommends several essentials that are important for short and long hikes alike.
In addition to appropriate footwear such as trail shoes, the society suggests wearing sunscreen, sunglasses, and rain gear to protect against nature’s harsh elements. The society also encouraged hikers to carry a GPS navigation device as well as a map and compass for backup.
Extra food and water are also important, as well as equipment to purify water. In terms of safety equipment, the society suggests a multipurpose tool, first aid kit, a light, and a whistle in case help is needed. Finally, a backpack designed for hiking makes it easy to carry gear and other essentials.
Chief Executive Officer of Bashari Inc.


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Hamsa Challah Cover Pomegranates Shabbat Shalom reversible for Yom Tov
Hamsa Challah Cover Pomegranates Shabbat Shalom reversible for Yom Tov with Golden Jerusalem scene on the reverse side
>>>>READY TO SHIP<<<<
This modern challah cover or table mat can be used for every Shabbat. I machine embroidered "Shabbat Shalom" in English and Hebrew with gold thread onto a batik turquoise cotton fabric. This center motif is an applique batik Hamsa or Hand of Fatima. The corners are accented with batik pomegranates appliqued.
The reverse side is a metallic gold gorgeous Jerusalem scene and is perfect for Yom Tov celebrations.
This one of a kind (OOAK) piece is made completely of 100 % cotton (all preshrunk) as pictured and is machine washable and dry able. You may need to use a light iron.
Dimensions approximate: 20.5" wide (horizontal width) x 15.5" high (vertical height)
This gorgeous reversible Judaica mat makes an awesome centerpiece for any simcha (hostess, housewarming, engagement, wedding) and every Shabbat, and certainly is large enough to cover 2 loaves of challah.
Machine wash and dry (cold recommended, no bleach of any kind), light ironing may be needed.
For all my challah theme items in my shop please go here
no props are included with this listing
This is my exclusive design so please do not copy it.
© 1997-2019 Kate Rachel Lozier, all rights reserved
Inventory Last Updated: Apr 01, 2023

domain: design


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Kaare Klint was a precursor to and teacher of the designers who made Danish modern style explode onto the international mid-century scene. In 1924 he helped to establish the influential Department of Furniture at the Royal Academy of Art in Copenhagen, where he was a lecturer and Professor of Architecture. Unlike the modernists, however, Klint worked with an unerring faith in the historical evolution of furniture forms and a commitment to the neo-classical designs.
He established the firm Le Klint and from then on was able to manufacture his forays into mass production, making them available to the public, for example his 1940 folded paper lampshade designed with his son. Klint's goal was for the purest quality and his creations are simple, elegant and beautiful pieces.
Sign up for our emails and we'll deliver exclusive content direct to your inbox covering all things design. From new arrivals and limited editions, to leading design events, promotions and more - you'll be kept firmly in the loop.
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Appl. Res. Lab.
Univ. of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712
Methods are developed for obtaining solutions to the harmonic form of the equations governing wave propagation and wave scatter in a poroelastic medium. An analytical solution in the form of an infinite series is obtained for the problem of scatter of an incident plane compression wave by a sphere. The incident wave may be composed of any linear combination of Biot ``fast'' and ``slow'' waves, and the sphere may be fixed and rigid, may be composed of elastic solid, or it may be a fluid-filled cavity. A desingularized set of boundary integral equations is developed for the harmonic problem, and these are incorporated into a three-dimensional boundary element computer program. Results obtained from this boundary element program are compared to results obtained using the series solution discussed above. The forbidden frequency problem is shown to be inherently absent from the poroelastic problem.


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Solid state energy Storage Device
Ultra high dielectric constant energy storage device will lead to smaller EV batteries
The Ultracapacitor solar panel & electric vehicle energy storage device is set to revolutionise the transportation as we know it.
- Clean, green and emission-free
- Fast charging and long lasting
- Long life
- Cheap to produce
- Small and lightweight
In the past, electric car batteries were developed based on acid technologies. This was bad for the environment and meant bulky, heavy batteries that were expensive to produce and not particularly efficient, being slow to charge and quick to drain. Moreover, these batteries have a short lifespan and degrade quickly, making them expensive to replace.
Due to our all-ceramic, high capacity energy storage device for solar panels and electric vehicles that uses an advanced form of ultracapacitor, we are now able to develop an electric vehicle energy storage device that is light years ahead of anything else out there.
By making the ceramic di-electric component much thinner and lighter without any loss of electrical capacity – we have been able to develop a significantly smaller, lighter battery. In fact, we believe we can go even further, produce pocket-sized car batteries in the very near future.
But size is only where the benefits begin. Potentially, our new battery can be charged in minutes in a typical 220V wall socket, as opposed to hours currently needed in a special charging unit. This, we believe, has been one of the biggest obstacles to electric vehicle uptake – a barrier we have removed through three years of research and development.


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Barely two weeks after mutually sharing the grief of Phillip Hughes' death, Indian team's relations with Cricket Australia is turning sour as pacer Ishant Sharma left the Gabba at lunch on the third day, after finding that there was no vegetarian preparation in the menu.
The use of Decision Review System (DRS) has been a hot topic of discussion since Indian team's refusal to use it. It once again came in to the limelight on the third day of the first Commonwealth Bank Test between India and Australia here Thursday.
Bouncers or not, the first Test between the touring Indian side and Australia will go ahead in Adelaide Oval on Tuesday. The match will witness the return of lion-heart Ryan Harris after an injury lay-off. And his team-mates are impressed with the fast-bowler's effort.
Touched by India's support in the aftermath of Phillip Hughes' death, Cricket Australia Director and former pacer Michael Kasprowicz has praised the visitors for being considerate in accepting the changed series schedule following the tragedy.
Former Australia cricket team captain Mark Taylor has said that next week's rescheduled first Test against India would allow the nation's grieving cricketers to start moving on from Phillip Hughes' shock passing.
Cricketing luminaries bid an emotional farewell to Phillip Hughes at a funeral service held in his home town Wednesday, as Australia stopped to remember the popular batsman whose death from a freak injury sent shockwaves through the sport.
India will now take on Australia in the second ODI of the tri-series, also involving England, on January 18 after Cricket Australia decided to swap the first two matches to give appropriate recovery time to the Indian players following the rescheduling of the four-Test series.
Cricket Australia chief James Sutherland Tuesday said it was too early to say which players would be mentally ready for the rescheduled Test series against India following Phillip Hughes` death, as mourners began arriving for his funeral.
Cricket Australia will be understanding of players who feel uncomfortable about playing in the wake of the death of Phillip Hughes when the rescheduled India test series starts next week, chief executive James Sutherland said on Tuesday.


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Freya Chi Soft Cup Nursing Bra - Charcoal
The Freya Chi Soft Cup Nursing Bra in Charcoal at Bras Galore enjoy the comfort and flexibility of the Chi nursing bra. The soft triangle shape and front wrap styling is designed with an internal A frame that supports the bust while feeding, alongside an easy access clip adjustment. Available in cup sizes XS-XL.
Add a touch of calming grey to your lingerie drawer
Dark Grey - gray is solid and stable, creating a sense of calm and composure, relief from a chaotic world.


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Theatre Aspen opens new show
Aspen, CO Colorado
ASPEN ” “Gone With the Wind” was all war, burning, and tension between lovers and political factions. But the story behind the making of the film was comical to the point of high farce.
Producer David O. Selznick burned through screenwriters and directors like Sherman going through Atlanta; a harried Selznick filmed the burning of Atlanta sequence before he even had a script. Eventually Selznick hired director Victor Fleming, who had three more weeks of shooting on “The Wizard of Oz,” and screenwriter Ben Hecht, one of the few Americans not to have read Margaret Mitchell’s novel. Selznick determined that the three would be locked in a room until they had a script.
That backstory is told in Ron Hutchinson’s “Moonlight and Magnolias.” Theatre Aspen’s production of the 2005 comedy, directed by Theatre Aspen artistic director David McClendon and featuring Aspenite David Ledingham as Fleming, opens Thursday, July 19.
The play, which also stars Anthony Freeman and Steven Cole Hughes, runs through Aug. 25.


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Baking soda, scientifically known as sodium bicarbonate, is the composite of sodium hydrogen carbonate and has the formula NaHCO3. It is a fine, white, powdery substance most commonly used for a variety of household reasons.
Sodium bicarbonate is used daily in many households. It is commonly used in cooking recipes, as it acts as a leavening agent against the acidic ingredients. Baking soda is also a staple in a variety of cleaning chores due to its ability to neutralize odors and lift stains. In some instances, it is also used for various hygienic reasons and can commonly be found in toothpaste.


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I would like to ask how to expand or erode vertex group which is setting by alpha of texture. If there are non-destructive system it will be best. Thank you very much.
Blender Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for people who use Blender to create 3D graphics, animations, or games. It only takes a minute to sign up.Sign up to join this community


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A state-funded research body has claimed high sales of SUVs are making “a mockery” of UK policy and risking the UK transport sector’s ambition to meet European Union emissions targets.
The UK Energy Research Council says emissions from new cars have been increasing rather than declining as a result of SUVs outselling electric cars by 37 to one in the UK.
Professor Jillian Anable, co-director of the UKERC, said government must immediately “start to phase out the most polluting vehicles”.
“It is time to enact a strong set of regulations to transform the entire car market towards ultra-low carbon, rather than focusing solely on the uptake of electric vehicles,” she said.
It said the VED scheme’s imposition of expensive first registration fee VED on higher emissions cars is “useless” because PCP finance allows buyers to wrap the tax into their monthly payments.
The UKERC, which is backed by the government funding agency UK Research And Innovation, pointed out that SUV sales accounted for 21.2% of the UK’s new car market in 2018, up from 13.5% in 2015.
“SUVs are larger and heavier than a standard car, emitting about a quarter more CO2 than a medium-size car and nearly four times more than a medium-sized battery electric vehicle,” it said.
“Assuming the majority of these SUVs will be on UK roads for at least a decade, it is estimated the extra cumulative emissions to total around 8.2 million tons of CO2.”
However manufacturer data shows that the majority of SUVs sold are ‘crossover’ SUVs with the same kind of two-wheel drive powertrains as common hatchbacks, rather than all-wheel drive systems that increase vehicle weight, fuel consumption and emissions.
In its paper, the UKERC pointed out that battery electric vehicles are less than 1% of the UK car market currently.
It is less than a decade since the UK launches of the first generation electric cars - Mitsubishi iMiev in 2010, Nissan Leaf in 2011 and Renault Zoe in 2013 – and their attraction to mainstream motorists was lacking given the price premium required, limited charging facilities and useable range of less than 80 miles between charges.
Today, more car manufacturers are currently investing significantly in electric vehicle production. Peugeot, Vauxhall, Audi, Volkswagen, Seat, Mercedes-Benz and MG are just some of the brands introducing pure electric cars.
But the UK new car market must compete for their supply with other European countries also keen to reduce their emissions in line with the EU targets, and some of those other countries are offering their consumers more incentives to change into EVs.
The UK Treasury has reduced the plug-in car grants that were initially available to encourage uptake.
There are around 30 more electric or plug-in hybrid models expected to join the market in 2020, and the SMMT has predicted plug-in cars will account for 15% of the total market.
The Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy has predicted in 2030 one third of the 36 million cars in the UK will be plug-ins.
The UKERC last year said the 2040 target for phasing out conventionally fuelled vehicles (ICE-electric hybrids will remain) is “inadequate and does not fit with our emissions targets”, and called for the deadline to be brought forward.
“The rapid uptake of unnecessarily large and energy-consuming vehicles just in the past few years makes a mockery of UK policy efforts towards the ‘Road to Zero,” said professor Anable.


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Futures are up slightly to 3820, suggesting an SPX open near 3800. The SPX Put Wall has rolled lower to 3700, with the SPY Put Wall remaining at 375. We therefore shift our major support line down to 375 SPY (3765SPX). 3800 Now becomes the pivot line, and 3835 is first resistance followed by more significant resistance at 3850.
As we noted several times, the gamma tied to the 3835 JPM collar call has strengthened at-the-money, but weakened at the wings (see here). Now, there isn’t a lot of gamma to the position<=3800, but gamma increases sharply >3800. As this position expires tomorrow, if markets are >3800 then the gamma and charm/decay of 3835 JPM call should function to provide positive drift today as dealers buy futures. Conversely, dealers should be sellers of futures >3835 which should help maintain the 3835 area pin.
If the S&P moves toward that 3835 level early today, it increases the chance that we lock in there for the remainder of the day.
The “map” of these flows for today looks something like this:
JPM-related flows pick up tomorrow, but there are likely other various year end adjustments, too. As the market is in close proximity to that call position, there are several billion dollars in value that will swing around the strike, mixed in with a slew of other flows and poor holiday liquidity. Added to this is about 30% of total SPY gamma expiring.
The bottom line is that the JPM collar + SPY gamma roll-off, which was a source of pinning, may now become a source of volatility as large positions are rolled. This is particularly true tomorrow, as hedges adjust to the new JPM collar.
The JPM collar trade has been to sell a ~2-3% OTM call, and using those proceeds to buy a put spread. The call sale offsets the price of the put spread, and provides a downside hedge (i.e. negative deltas) to the JPM funds long equity exposure. The market impact of this trade lies with the resulting dealer positive delta exposure, which they offset through a complicated web of short futures, selling a 0DTE deep ITM call, and market on close orders.
Further, we are always weary that the general exposure or visibility of this trade incentivies dealers to adjust their behavior. In other words, they may adjust how they enter the trade(s), making it more difficult to track in real time.
Zooming out, the expiration of this position should also free market movement up for January. We are growing more amenable to the idea of a sharp rally in January, as discussed here & here. The timing of this could a bit tricky, but our view is that it would be driven by large puts expiring on 1/23.
|SpotGamma Proprietary SPX Levels||Latest Data||SPX Previous||SPY||NDX||QQQ|
|SG Implied 1-Day Move::||1.19%,||(±pts): 45.0||VIX 1 Day Impl. Move:1.4%|
|SG Implied 5-Day Move:||3.07%||3844 (Monday Ref Price)||Range: 3726.0 | 3962.0|
|SpotGamma Gamma Index™:||-1.22||-0.7||-0.46||-0.00||-0.11|
|SpotGamma Absolute Gamma Strike:||4000||4000||375||11275||265|
|Call Wall :||3835||3835||390||11275||310|
|Additional Key Levels||Latest Data||Previous||SPY||NDX||QQQ|
|Zero Gamma Level:||3872||3891||390.0||10597.0||298|
|CP Gam Tilt:||0.68||0.69||0.46||1.04||0.53|
|Delta Neutral Px:||3895|
|25D Risk Reversal||-0.04||-0.04||-0.03||-0.04||-0.04|
|Call Open Interest||5,609,516||5,539,084||6,972,796||56,827||4,964,375|
|Put Open Interest||9,774,163||9,533,241||12,047,035||48,831||5,908,592|
|Key Support & Resistance Strikes:|
|SPX: [4000, 3900, 3850, 3800]|
|SPY: [385, 380, 375, 370]|
|QQQ: [280, 270, 265, 260]|
|NDX:[12000, 11500, 11275, 11000]|
|SPX Combo (strike, %ile): [(3836.0, 97.39), (3817.0, 83.68), (3798.0, 96.73), (3776.0, 91.89), (3764.0, 94.03), (3760.0, 76.92), (3757.0, 75.99), (3749.0, 97.78), (3734.0, 77.01), (3726.0, 86.03), (3715.0, 89.92), (3700.0, 97.78), (3673.0, 82.51), (3666.0, 83.16), (3651.0, 90.16), (3617.0, 82.17), (3602.0, 95.25)]|
|SPY Combo: [368.37, 373.27, 381.93, 378.17, 358.58]|
|NDX Combo: [10679.0, 10882.0, 10263.0, 10466.0]|

domain: economics


text:
Vegan Turmeric Flatbread
Hello & Happy Wednesday!!
I’ve been falling in love with quick and easy concepts, and one of my personal favorites, is quick breads! Your typical bread recipes feature yeast, kneading, proofing and the list goes on. Flatbreads are different in that they feature minimal ingredients, can be just thrown tighter, and the flavor options are endless.
One of my personal favorite spices is, turmeric!!
The color is vibrant, so much that it can stain your clothes, nails and even your counters lol. The taste is alluring, somewhat spicy, contains many beneficial properties, and pairs well with countless dishes!! When it comes to using flatbread I love to enjoy it with everything from hummus to babagahanoush, falafel and more.
Why not buy store bought?!
Like all breads, the store bought options typically contain many shelf stabilizers and unnecessary ingredients and this recipe is just so hassle free. Skip the market, the endless ingredient lists, and whip up your own flatbread!!
What’s great about this recipe, is everything! It’s quick, easy, affordable, takes 15 mins, has a vibrant color, a bold flavor, is perfect for any season, can easily be made in bulk, and contains black pepper to activate the turmeric.
If you love quick and easy modern vegan concepts, you’re going to love this 15 minute vegan Turmeric Flatbread!!
Why this recipe is great:
No dairy or eggs
Can easily be made in bulk
Eat Drink Shrink
15 minPrep Time
5 minCook Time
20 minTotal Time
- 1 cup flour
- 1 1/2 teaspoons ground turmeric
- 1/2 teaspoon kosher salt
- 1/4 teaspoon baking powder.
- 1/3 cup water
- 2 tablespoons olive oil
- 1/4 tsp black pepper
- 1/2 tsp cumin
- 1/2 tsp garlic powder
- Combine 1 cup flour, 1 1/2 teaspoons ground turmeric, 1/2 teaspoon kosher salt and 1/4 teaspoon baking powder. Stir in 1/3 cup water and 2 tablespoons olive oil.
- Knead until smooth, 1 to 2 minutes. Cover and set aside 15 minutes.
- Cut the dough into 4 pieces; flatten each into a 6-inch round.
- Cook one at a time in an oiled skillet over medium-high heat, flipping, until browned, 2 minutes.


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domain: entertainment


text:
You are here
Ingles Markets said this week that it's cutting back on store construction, but that due to several building projects already underway, the new strategy will take some time to become apparent, according to a published report.
The remarks came from CFO Ron Freeman at the company's annual shareholders meeting. He further noted that the spending slowdown would continue until the company received an indication of whether the economy was recovering.
Ingles opened 12 new, replacement or remodeled stores during its fiscal year 2008 and will open the same number during fiscal 2009, according to Freeman.
In its latest financial results, the Black Mountain, N.C.-based company noted that an economy in the doldrums and costs connected with new stores have led to recent earnings declines.
"In a slow economy, it takes a little longer for our new stores to ramp up," Freeman offered as a further rationale for the company's decision, as quoted in the Asheville, N.C. Citizen-Times.
Freeman said, however, that grocer was still committed to the idea making its locations one-stop shopping destinations, and to that end renovating, expanding or replacing them over time.


Documentary Film Screening
Backbone Campaign is honored to show the documentary, Covenant of the Salmon People, produced with the Nez Perce Tribe by Swiftwater Films.
Tuesday, October 3
Free - Donations accepted at the door for continued work to Un-Dam the Snake River!
The Nez Perce is the oldest documented civilization in North America, with archaeological sites along Idaho's Salmon River dating back 16,500 years. The cornerstone of their creation story is an agreement with salmon to protect its continued existence.
Produced in collaboration with the tribe, COVENANT OF THE SALMON PEOPLE is a feature-length documentary portrait of the Nez Perce exploring how their relationship to salmon has shaped the tribe's culture, history and spirituality. As dams and climate impacts threaten to bring salmon to extinction, Covenant of the Salmon People traces the tribe's efforts to honor their ancient agreement.
Watch the Trailer:
“I have to say, when is enough, enough? We have turned as many dials for salmon recovery as we are capable of doing,” said Nez Perce Tribal Chairman, Shannon Wheeler. “Our back is against the wall. We need to turn some of the larger dials, and some of the larger dials include dam breaching. Now, more than ever our voice needs to be amplified for salmon and for the rest of the environment. We will never forget our covenant with the salmon.”
Speakers will follow the film screening, to update folks what they can do to take action to see the four Lower Snake River dams breached.
Co-sponsored by the Meaningful Movies Project, Vashon Theatre, Island GreenTech, and the Vashon Heritage Museum.
- October 03, 2023 at 6:00pm – 8pm
- Vashon Theatre


text:
Please contact Sherri (firstname.lastname@example.org) for more information about this pet.
Meet Ashley, a 1 1/2 years young and a happy playful girl. She know how to sit, but needs a refresher in basic obedience. She loves to play and run and will require a fenced in yard and owners that want to spend time with her.She would make a great walking partner and is very willing to please.She looking for a family that will love her for life.,br.Could that be YOU?.
Please Complete an application
Online Adoption Application

domain: pet


text:
A Matter of Taste Seattle
Class, Pop-Up Shop | Pioneer Square
We are a women-owned business specializing in tasting workshops, classes, and make-at-home kits. Our immersive culinary experiences offer:
-A deep dive into the cultural and historical uses of a food, flavor, or product
-An introduction into flavor language with detailed pairing guides
-Recipes, cooking demonstrations, and resources for further learning
We believe the experience of tasting brings people together. Join us for a class or get in touch to schedule a private team-building event for your group.
We teach teams the language of flavor to inspire a deeper level of communication. Learning something new together unlocks deeper engagement, fosters collaboration, and grows shared memories of success.
Here’s a few examples of how we craft our unique events:
-Customize a training and chocolate tasting afternoon for your team on communication and change management. Earn continuing education units while learning the finer points of tasting chocolate and trends in regenerative cacao agriculture.
-Co-design a facilitated leadership deep dive into strategic collaboration through the lens of an Understanding Umami happy hour. Challenge assumptions about what foods taste (and what ideas work) amazing together, and why.
-Build a custom agenda-over a day or several- to deliver your blend of learning, doing, (eating!), celebrating and anchoring for the future. Breakout tastings and chef demos, connecting food origins to strategic goals, describing the recipes for team effectiveness.
Co-founders Joanna and Jennifer have a combined 40+ years experience in team facilitation, change leadership, culinary innovation, food science, and workshop design. We draw from this unique mix of talents and skills to design, develop and deliver a custom experience to help your team dig deeper than the typical cooking class or corporate workshop.


text:
Spencer Fane is proud to announce its involvement with the opening of Labette Health’s Independence Healthcare Center in Independence, Kansas. For the first time since 2015, about 20,000 people who live in Southeast Kansas have access to critical emergency medical care.
At the grand opening of the facility, Saturday, August 19, Labette Health President and CEO Brian Williams and Chief Nursing Officer Kathi McKinney were interviewed by Kansas City radio station KCUR. You can listen to the interview here.
The Spencer Fane Health Care team successfully represented Labette Health in numerous regulatory, financial, real estate, and local government negotiations to establish the $7.6 million project. Led by Blane Markley, Spencer Fane Health Care team members Laura Bond, Chad Cook, Katie Lee, and Mike Saunders guided the hospital through myriad regulatory compliance, corporate governance, contracts and licensing issues.
One in three rural hospitals is financially vulnerable, according to the National Rural Health Association. At the current closure rate, more than 25 percent of rural hospitals will close in less than a decade. Residents of Independence and the surrounding communities have been without emergency care services since Mercy Hospital closed in October 2015.
“We are proud to be a part of Labette Health’s efforts to provide people in rural communities the medical services they need,” Blane said. “This project is the result of Labette Health’s community-based leadership and community-focused mission. Health care services are not only critical to those living in the community but also to the community’s economic stability and growth.”
The Independence Healthcare Center is designed to deliver time-critical emergency care to Southeast Kansans. It includes a trauma room, advanced imaging, comprehensive laboratory services and helicopter accessibility. Since this emergency department’s medical staff, electronic record systems, laboratory and imaging services are all integrated with Labette Health’s main campus, residents of the Independence area have closer access to the only nationally ranked hospital, Four-Star CMS Hospital and Level III Trauma Center in the county.
Blane Markley has negotiated numerous complex transactions with an overlay of health care regulatory requirements. His practice focuses on helping health care providers with regulatory compliance, corporate governance, contracts, medical staff and licensing matters. He chairs the Spencer Fane Health Care practice group


text:
15 years ago, Daiichi Yachiyo Maru, a cargo ship, was crashed into a large iceberg in northern the Pacific Ocean, and sank. The captain and a crew were died. Now, in Nishitama, a ship designer of Yatsushiro Shipbuilder, which belonged to Yatsushiro Financial Combine, was suffered from a sudden hart attack while he was driving, and died in a traffic accident. Six months has passed since then. Conan, Ran, and Kogoro are enjoying their trip in the Aphrodite. The Aphrodite is a luxury liner, and it is sailing for the Pacific Ocean as its maiden voyage. However, there is a suspicious person, and finally a murder occurs. It is the beginning of a horrible plot occurred in the ocean where there is no place to escape from.
A chronicle of country music legend Johnny Cash's life, from his early days on an Arkansas cotton farm to his rise to fame with Sun Records in Memphis, where he recorded alongside Elvis Presley, Jerry Lee Lewis and Carl Perkins.
Disgraced Navy SEAL Shane Wolfe is handed a new assignment: Protect the five Plummer kids from enemies of their recently deceased father -- a government scientist whose top-secret experiment remains hidden in the kids' house.
Set in a 19th-century european village, this stop-motion animation feature follows the story of Victor, a young man whisked away to the underworld and wed to a mysterious corpse bride, while his real bride Victoria waits bereft in the land of the living.
In 2019, Lincoln Six-Echo is a resident of a seemingly Utopian but contained facility. Like all of the inhabitants of this carefully-controlled environment, Lincoln hopes to be chosen to go to the 'The Island' – reportedly the last uncontaminated location on the planet.
Mere seconds before the Earth is to be demolished by an alien construction crew, Arthur Dent is swept off the planet by his friend Ford Prefect, a researcher penning a new edition of "The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy.
Have you watched Detective Conan: Strategy Above the Depths yet? What did you think about it?


text:
BOSTON, April 30, 2015 /PRNewswire/ -- Block & Leviton LLP (www.blockesq.com), is investigating whether Installed Building Products, Inc. ("IBP" or the "Company") (NYSE: IBP) may have misled their investors. If you purchased IBP securities and have lost money, you should contact Mark Delaney at [email protected] or (617) 398-5600.
On April 29, 2015, IBP was the subject of an article on Seeking Alpha which stated that numerous red flags existed at the Company, including (1) misrepresented financials; (2) subtle alterations of earnings definitions; (3) overstated cash flow; (4) related party conflicts of interest; (5) margin goals that appear disconnected from the company's economic model; (6) poorly disclosed litigation accusing the company of systematically under-reporting hours worked; (7) violations of the Fair Labor Standards Acts, and (8) earnings estimates that have consistently been revised lower. On this news, shares of Installed Building Products fell $2.71 per share or over 11% to close at $20.74 on April 29, 2015.
Block & Leviton, with offices in Boston and the San Francisco bay area represents investors who have suffered losses on their investments nationwide and has recovered billions of dollars for investors. Confidentiality to whistleblowers or others with information relevant to the lawsuit is assured.
This notice may constitute attorney advertising.
Contact: BLOCK & LEVITON LLP
Mark A. Delaney, Esq.
SOURCE Block & Leviton LLP

domain: law


text:
Originally appeared in the Boston Book Review.
One Saturday morning when I was about ten years old, we were all hounding him [his father] because he wouldn't take us anywhere; and this time I joined in the assault. Suddenly he lashed out at me with rabid fury: "You! You stay out of it, you're a cold fish." . . .
"Cold fish" is an awful judgment to hang on a ten-year-old kid. But give him his due, he could have had a prescient insight: I often think there is something cold and "fishy" about me. Or perhaps he was really saying, "You're like me, detached, unemotional." An inverted compliment.
So I became a writer.
"Portrait of My Body"
HB: Let me start with the very last piece in "Portrait of My Body." You've just become a father and describe the experience as "so shocking and strange; on the other hand, so typical, so stupefyingly ordinary." That seems to me an emblem for the personal essay as you practice it.
PL: I care about daily life. The surrealists were always trying to find the miraculous in the ordinary. I'm not looking for the miraculous but for the puzzling, the intriguing, the spin on daily life. What is more common than birth? All of us have been born. Yet there is something violent about it.
I enjoyed the book, though it took a while for me to trust that all this attention to daily life would not turn out to be narcissistic or trivial.
PL: I'm essentially a storyteller, I wouldn't embark on something if I didn't think there was going to be aesthetic pay off. I only use what I think I can get some kind of irony out of or amusement. Humor is very important, irony and wryness.
HB: You're a novelist, and have published collections of poetry. At what point did you make your commitment to the personal essay?
PL: I realize, looking back, that I was always attracted to the voice of the personal essay, even when it showed up in poetry and fiction. I was drawn to Fielding's essays, to Balzac's mini-essays, and to Dostoevsky's digressive Underground Man -- to the sound of somebody expatiating.
I love the sound of analysis. I've always liked to read Freud, for instance. It doesn't matter if I agree or disagree; he's one of the great prose writers. The sound of analysis is very close to me, and of rationalization. It raises issues of the unreliable narrator. I was always drawn to unreliable narrator fiction whether it was Ford Maddox Ford's "The Good Soldier" or Gide's "The Immoralist" or even Celine.
I value the act of judgment that a reader has to engage in, and the question, at every moment, of whether to go along with the writer or not. It is dialogue with the writer, rather than just agreement, that I find stimulating. I'm not looking for total merger.
HB: In your introduction to "The Art of the Personal Essay: an Anthology from the Classical Era to the Present," you suggest that the novel itself may have arisen from the unreliable narrator of the personal essay. How so?
PL: In the eighteenth century you find both forms, the novel and the essay, exploding. Addison and Steele, Samuel Johnson, Swift -- all of them were writing in a mocking, or rather a self-mocking narrative voice. Defoe, too, was a crossover. If you read Addison and Steele, for instance, you find more fictive elements in than you would expect in an essay. They employ scenes, false narrators, and the like.
HB: But that's not true of your work. You are always in contention with yourself. There's imagination, but not a lot of fantasy.
PL: I agree, I'm not much of a fantasist. For me, imagination is something that develops out of observation and reality. Though I wrote "The Rug Merchant," a made-up story with made-up characters, it's easier for me to write about myself. I do think that many of the transparent personae that Lamb or Addison and Steele used were ways of speaking for themselves through lively fictive narrators. That freedom encouraged me.
HB: In the introduction to "The Art of the Personal Essay," you talk about the construction of a persona. I sense a paradox here. The personal essay has confessional connotations but the persona you talk about needing is a mask, a fictive self.
PL: Is it a fictional or a partial self? One becomes a personal essayist because one feels that one can never come to the end of oneself, to the end of confusion and contradiction. You're never telling the whole truth. When I write, it's not that I'm lying but I'm selecting out so much.
HB: And it was Freudianism that gave you the initial push toward the pleasures of self-analysis.
PL: In the fifties, in Brooklyn, it was Freud and Dostoevsky, Kafka and stickball. My mother used to see a therapist in the Bronx.
HB: From Brooklyn to the Bronx for a therapist?
PL: Yes, and she'd come back and tell us Dr. Jonas said this, Dr. Jonas said that. The sense that there was an authority out there, the shrink, the analyst, intrigued me. It was another figure in my childhood, like the writer, who understood.
HB: Your writing has patience. It's not rushed, not out to dazzle or knock the reader out with just once punch. It's out to take someone along. And it's not about fragments or discontinuities. There's a sense of the self's intactness. So you don't get to claim the cachet of the postmodern; anything but.
PL: In "Portrait of My Body" I make explicit comments about my distance from the self-congratulations of modernism. I draw my main strength from Montaigne, who you can see either as a proto-modernist or just as a guy writing in the sixteenth century. I don't feel obliged to connect myself to the adventure of modernism. I certainly don't feel sympathetic to a kind of moldy anti-modernism. We can take a pluralistic attitude. We don't have to salute the modernist flag.
Coming of age as a writer, I was drawn to patient voices like Fielding, for instance, who were not discontinuous. And the greatness of Montaigne is that he seemed to have an intact self even as he says that man is a continuously changeable animal. That's the rock that I want to build my work on.
HB: You write about Beckett spelling the ruin of many an aspiring writer. Beckett loomed so large in the sixties. How did you manage to escape him?
PL: I did an end run around him. I decided not to be involved with him at all. As long as there was a Machado de Assis, an Italo Svevo, as long as there was mischief afoot in the world, and a sense of plenitude and vitality, that interested me a great deal more than the ruins.
I wasn't any good at ruins. When I tried to write bleak Ashberry-like poems for instance, things that had the taste of ashes, I couldn't do it.
HB: Do you think of Ashberry as bleak? I think of him as coming as close to creating compute-generated poetry as a non-computer can. He beat the computer to it.
PL: In Ashberry, things can't be allowed to add up. When he reads poetry, he looks at the poem as if to say, what have we here? Where does this piece of paper come from? There's a slight snarl on his face. In a way, he doesn't even own the poem. In that sense, it is as if computer generated.
He was the major poet the same way Beckett was the major prose writer. I was a parvenu, a kid from the slums happy to be invited to the party at all. I wanted to be let in, so how could I feel the world was coming to an end? I've always been anti-apocalyptic in sensibility, maybe because I want to have a chance to be middle class. And I don't like the bullying tone of apocalypse. In my essay, "Resistance to the Holocaust," I talk about the Holocaust as a rhetorical bully, and I think of apocalypse as a bully. There's no argument. Everything goes up in flames, and humor goes out the window. I'm a skeptical not an apocalyptic thinker.
HB: Why did you leave poetry behind?
PL: I found I could do everything in the essay that I was doing in poetry. Plus, I had written two books of poetry and was actually known as a poet, but had never trained as one. I kept coming up against this guild mentality that you had to be passionately concerned with sound in poetry, with music, syllabification, meter -- Marianne Moore did it this way, Pound the other way. You had to care about measure, the variable foot, all these issues poets were debating and I never cared about very much.
I was working intuitively with sound but didn't feel the visionary zeal that many poets do, that poetry's a special thing. I didn't like that pain-in-the-ass pathetic quality of the poet.
HB: It seems, ultimately, you have more allegiance to the prose in life.
PL: I loved the Portuguese poet, Passado, and Pavese -- poets who had a prosaic quality. Late Randall Jarrell had that quality, Frank O'hara had it. I liked prosy poets, so why not just go into prose? I liked Niconar Parra, who wrote anti-poems. But if you're drawn to the anti-poem, you're asking for trouble because the people with credentials are going to say you don't belong. When I went to Houston to teach and had already published a book of poetry, they told me you can't teach a poetry workshop; we have poets. I said OK, I'm not going to get into this guild. And once I started writing essays, everybody responded as though this were my form.
I developed a voice. I became an essayist. And then I fell in love with the tradition.
HB: You tend to identify the speculative, floating, flaneuristic consciousness of the essay writer with bachelorhood.
PL: With bachelorhood and with the city. It's a lot easier to develop a detached persona, as did Addison and Steele, Samuel Johnson, Lamb and Hazlitt, if you're not married.
But bachelorhood is, in part, a pose. I didn't take it totally seriously. Even when I took it on, I'd already been married once. It interested me as an avenue of literary expression. I like this idea that you take a position but then you think, what if I'm wrong? You think against yourself. I have reason to be skeptical toward myself; I've been wrong a lot. Especially on issues of compassion and solipsism, if you examine yourself you may find you have a hard time putting yourself in somebody else's shoes.
HB: And the personal essay is a way of finding out what shoes you're already in?
PL: Definitely. It's a way of exploring the borders of the self, because you can forgive yourself if you get to know yourself. When I spoke about the stench of myself, I was aware there are certain things that would be irritating to loved ones. It's a little progress one makes in these areas, even after you've located them. There's a stubbornness. I'm not sure I can really change that much but I can at least report what it's like to come up against what I call the catastrophe of one's personality.
HB: You seem to need to dodge whatever is set and predicable about yourself, including, finally, bachelorhood.
PL: Certainly having a child has been a revolutionary experience in my life. There's so much responsibility you can't walk away from, so many times when you can't be selfish.
HB: So much for flaneurism
PL: Exactly. I can't be a flaneur anymore. I took it as far as it would go. I got married and had a child partly because I sensed I wasn't getting the same kicks out of flaneurism that I once had. I was having to goose myself into appreciating the street.
I don't want to go stale. I don't think I'll write another collection of personal essays anytime soon. This last collection, for better for worse, cleared the decks.
HB: You have not only practiced but proselytized for this form of investigation.
PL: I don't think it's understood that well. To give you an example, Joan Didion's last book of essays attracted very little attention, whereas her recent novel got major reviews. Well, she happens to be a better essayist than a novelist.
HB: You're critical of essayists who attract readers with the lure of knowledge -- writers like Stephen Jay Gould and Oliver Sacks. But what's wrong with people's wanting to learn?
PL: I think it's great that they do. I've always told my students you have to deliver world, not just your feelings. You have to do research. There's a lot of research in my pieces, about literature, urbanism, the movies. But what I have always backed away from is the explainer -- what Gertrude Stein calls the village explainer -- who becomes a kind of everyman and loses his or her idiosyncrasy. To be honest about it, I've never gotten much from Lewis Thomas. He's a good explainer but doesn't interest me as a man. He doesn't dramatize his contradictions. I would rather read Loren Eisely, who was neurotic. I'm looking for texture or taste.
HB: And Oliver Sacks?
PL: He's a genuine original. Sometimes his pieces make me uncomfortable because he raises certain issues of personality and then refuses to deal with them, but he always makes you think he is singular. For better or worse, he's not trying to be everyman.
HB: Let's talk about your essay, "Resistance to the Holocaust." Speaking as a Jew, you say, "I must be lacking in tribal feeling. When it comes to mass murder, I can see no difference between their casualties and ours." But when writing about your father in "Portrait of My Body," you accuse him of being unable to relate personally to the Holocaust; you're upset that he lacks the very feelings you disown.
PL: After having written "Resistance to the Holocaust," it occurred to me I could have written the exact opposite essay. I had enough feelings that go the other way. I purposely put in that piece about my father because I wanted people to realize that there was a contradiction. You spotted it.
HB: You're not alone, as you know, in your feelings about the Holocaust. Jerzy Kosinski, near the end of his life, took a similar stance against what he thought of as the Cult of the Holocaust.
PL: Kosinski was excited by the essay. A few days before he took his life, he talked to me about it. I must say, I had no idea he was going to kill himself. He didn't look like a man who was close to suicide.
"Resistance to the Holocaust" argues there's a lot more to Judaism than the Holocaust. It's a very theologically and intellectually rich religion, and I don't want to let that all go.
HB: Most of your essays poke at the nerve of your Jewishness. When writing about movies, for instance, you say you only allowed yourself feel spiritual transcendence in the movie theater. Outside, the Talmudic style of skeptical questioning took over. You write that the spiritual appeal of a Bresson or Mizoguchi "came into conflict with a competing spiritual claim, indefinitely put off but never quite abandoned: to become a good Jew sometime before I die."
What do you mean by a good Jew?
PL: Somebody who is observant without necessarily believing in God.
HB: So a bad Jew is someone who is observant and believes in God?
PL: I'm being provocative on this issue because I'm perversely the only one in my family involved in Judaism. Everybody else became a devout atheist. So I became the family skeptic .
HB: You approach these issues obliquely. There's no essay that focuses on them, and no essay from which it's absent.
PL: Yes. I think of myself as a Jewish writer and an American writer. Every essay has something of both.
HB: Would it be correct to say there's been a kind of mellowing in your work?
PL: There's the mellowing that comes with middle age. I think of "Bachelorhood" as not particularly angry; the bachelor both engages with the world and remains detached. "Against Joie de Vivre" deals with anger, grief, with everything that is irreconcilable. "Portrait of My Body" is a mellowing; there's more acceptance in it, and more obligation toward wisdom. We don't have that many years to become wise. And we have an obligation not to become bitter, to observe but not to become bitter.
HB: What I probably enjoyed most about the book is the pace, the lack of haste, the obvious pleasure in the writing, which makes a point all of its own to the reader.
PL: Opportunities for wit will come. You don't have to pump it up all the time. I feel I'm writing against a style, the prevailing poetic style that's hushed, that aims at a feeling of white space and wonder through minimalist effects. I think people are being trained in schools to work with sensuous concrete imagery, and to move from image to image like an archipelago. They try to get all their meaning to come from images. Just as I'm not a particularly fantasizing writer, I'm also not a particularly metaphorical writer. What attracts me is the sound of a mind trying to puzzle things out. That sense of thinking is absent from a lot of American writing now.
I don't feel a need to construct rhapsody. My task now is to glue together my essayistic and my fictive voice so that I can write a book that has some of the trustworthy fullness of the essay but is a novel.


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By Heather Ryce Phil Taylor of Palo Alto Networks and Steven Wallace of FullProxy visited UWS campus in Ayr to talk to students about the importance of cyber security in a digital world. Palo Alto are leaders when it comes to cybersecurity, working with tens of thousands of organisations and customers across more than 150 countries to ensure network protection. They are partnered with elite leaders such … Continue reading Cyber Attacks – Are You Protected?
By Fethi Benaissa Phil Taylor, a networks and security engineer at Palo Alto Networks, has delivered a lecture on cyber-security this morning at UWS campus in Ayr. Mr Taylor was invited to speak to the data journalism students. Afterwards he spoke exclusively to a group of Broadcast Journalism students who came to learn more about how to protect their online activity. Palo Alto Networks is … Continue reading Palo Alto Networks Raises Awareness About Cyber-security At UWS
By Ryan Capperauld. In a visit to the UWS campus in Ayr, guest lecturer Phil Taylor (Security Network Engineer) of Palo Alto Networks stressed the importance of online safety in the age of internet usage. Taylor outlined the dangers that hacking and the gathering of data can pose online, urging students and staff members at the university to become self-aware of how their activities online could … Continue reading Palo Alto Networks talk “online safety” at UWS.
Cyber security experts gathered at UWS Ayr Campus on Tuesday to inform students of the dangers posed by hackers and online viruses in the digital world. Phil Taylor of Palo Alto Networks was accompanied by Steven Wallace of FullProxy in a seminar for journalism students, providing industry insight on cyber security threats and how to defend against them. Taylor, a Security Network Engineer, spoke extensively about … Continue reading Industry Professionals Inform UWS Students of Online Hacks
Under new plans Hunterston PARC in North Ayrshire is set to become an oil rig decommissioning hub, hoping to provide hundreds of jobs for the surrounding area. But many are sceptical of the developments, believing that the jobs are over-estimated and the environment will be adversely compromised. Brandon Cook, a student at UWS, looks into the situation deeper in this eye-opening documentary as part of … Continue reading ‘The Hunterston Proposal’ Fairlie’s Fight, A Community Divided
Presented by Eszter Tarnai and Sarah Peddie with reports from Jack Ewing, Amy Park, Alex Doherty, Scott Bevan and Anais Mampuya. Sports reports and analysis from Darren Weir and Sandrine Wyrich. Directed by Sarah Heckes, technical consultant Gareth Malone. Continue reading UWS TV, “On Ayr” February 2019
Edited by Cameron Middleton with reports from, Jack Currie, Sarah Peddie, Sandrine Wyrich. The latest sports news headlines from across the UK with George Connolly. Transfer window analysis provided by Ronan Alexander and Kris Smith. Continue reading UWS Sports News: Transfer Window Special 2019


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(759b) Impact of Hpmcas Polymer Properties On the in Vitro Performance of Spray Dried Dispersions – A Quality By Design Approach
AIChE Annual Meeting
2013 AIChE Annual Meeting
Pharmaceutical Discovery, Development and Manufacturing Forum
QbD for the Development of Drug Release and Dosage Systems
Thursday, November 7, 2013 - 3:40pm to 4:05pm
An increasing number of new drug entities suffer from low solubility making the development of a viable deliverable dose challenging. Hypromellose acetate succinate (HPMCAS) has proven effective at producing stable amorphous solid dispersions for poorly soluble active pharmaceutical compounds that demonstrate enhanced free drug levels in solution and inhibit recrystallization. Currently, there is a limited variety of HPMCAS product grades available, covering only a subspace of the compendial range. The limited coverage of the design space impedes the ability to understand how the HPMCAS properties influence the stability and performance of an amorphous dispersion.
The present study examines the in vitro drug release rate and crystallization inhibition of amorphous spray dried dispersions formed with poorly soluble model APIs and HPMCAS polymers. HPMCAS polymers were varied in a Quality by Design approach to utilize the compendial range of acetate and succinate substitution levels and a range of molecular weights.
The effect of drug release rate and crystallization inhibition as a function of the HPMCAS acetate and succinate substitution levels in combination with the effect of the polymer molecular weight are evaluated for poorly soluble model compounds with varied physical properties. Trends linking the physical properties of the model compounds with supersaturation and crystallization inhibition based on acetate and succinate levels and the molecular weight of the HPMCAS are evaluated.


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To the Editor:
It is unconscionable that Governor Quinn and lawmakers in Springfield would award themselves thousands of dollars in pay raises when our state is drowning in debt and deficits.
Governor Quinn took a week's pay from every household in Illinois when he raised income taxes by 67 percent. Now, he wants a pay raise. It's time to say, enough is enough.
The Governor said his proposed budget – a budget that spends $550 million more than last year's budget and does nothing to address our $8.5 billion backlog of unpaid bills – requires a "Rendezvous with Reality." If pay hikes for elected officials are Quinn's idea of a "Rendezvous with Reality," then I refuse to accept it.
I call on my opponent, Senator Bill Haine, and all legislators in the General Assembly – both Republicans and Democrats alike – to reject the pay hikes in the Governor's proposed budget. Legislators must lead by example by refusing to support pay raises in these austere budget times.
Republican candidate for State Senate
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The depletion of the ozone layer has been stopped, thanks to concerted international action.
The 300 researchers who signed the latest report of the UN Environmental Programme UNEP even expect a recovery to the levels of 1980 by the year 2050. In the 1980s, the two ozone holes over the poles contributed to the general apocalyptic mood of that time, at least in some countries. In retrospect we might ask: Was everything only half as bad as it looked back then?
Well, that would oversimplify things. First of all, the researchers don’t see an ozone layer recovery yet, only a stabilising of the wintertime ozone holes in the last decade. The Montreal Protocol of 1987 banned the use of all ozone-depleting substances, like chlorofluorcarbons (CFCs). But researchers know that the recovery of the ozone layer will take decades. This, together with the ban, makes them cautiously optimistic and they talk about a trend reversal but this is only a predicted trend, no actual recovery yet.
The images above show the Antarctic ozone hole on September 16 (the International Day for the Preservation of the Ozone Layer) in the years 1979, 1987, 2006, and 2011. The first two maps are based on data from the Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS) on the Nimbus-7 satellite. The other two maps are made with data from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument on the Aura satellite. Credit: Images from NASA animation by Robert Simmon, using imagery from the Ozone Hole Watch
Nevertheless, the Montreal Protocol can be considered one of the world’s most successful environmental treaties ever, says Achim Steiner, UNEP Executive Director and UN Under-Secretary-General. But he also cautions that many replacement substances, like hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), that do not deplete ozone molecules in the stratosphere, are also potent greenhouse gases. Like many experts, Steiner sees parallels between the Montreal Protocol and the UN climate protocols he states that similar efforts are called for to reduce the speed of global warming. Unfortunately, the mechanisms behind climate change are much more complex, and the international climate negotiations are fraught with difficulties.
The ozone molecules in the lower stratosphere, at an altitude between 15 and 25 kilometres, protect life on earth from the sun’s harsh UV radiation. More radiation reaching the earth’s surface also means more cases of skin cancer, for example. For his explanation of the mechanisms of ozone depletion, Paul Crutzen received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1995, together with Mario Molina and Frank Sherwood Rowland. He also coined the term Anthropocene for the current geologic era: in the last hundred years, mankind has altered Earth irretrievably. Crutzen came to the Lindau Meetings eight times; here is his lecture from 2012.
The ozone cycle in the lower stratosphere: ozone molecules form and dissolve constantly (2), but the presence of chlorine compounds stops this natural cycle (3). Image: NASA, public domain
Australia has the highest skin cancer rate in the world, four times as high as the rate in the US, due to the Antarctic ozone hole that reaches as far as Australia and New Zealand. More than a thousand Australians die of melanoma alone each year, a malignant skin cancer caused by UV exposure. Because its country is so severely affected, the Australian government has been a strong proponent and supporter of the Montreal Protocol from the start. But current estimates also state that the Protocol has prevented about two million cases of skin cancer annually. But the ozone holes will only disappear slowly, and some cancers also grow slowly, so the challenge to prevent and combat skin cancer in Australia is still enormous.
Because of the many incidences of skin cancer in Australia, due to the Antarctic ozone hole, the Australian standard for sunscreen lotion is the strictest in the world. This photo shows a tourist sunbathing on Sunar beach in Bali, a favourite holiday destination for Australians. Photo: Olnnu, Creative Commons License 3.0
Challenges also remain for the protection of the ozone layer. For instance nitrous oxide, a by-product of agricultural production, is not only a greenhouse gas, but also an ozone depleting substance that is not covered by the Montreal Protocol and its concentration in the atmosphere is rising. The UNEP report also mentions this gas and possible future problems it might cause. Another example: researchers from the School of Earth and Environment at the University of Leeds found that the production and emission of Very Short-Lived Substances (VSLS) has strongly increased in past years, and that these VSLS can harm the lower ozone layer counteracting the expected ozone layer’s recovery. And they are also powerful greenhouse gases. So it seems that researchers and environmentalists alike need to remain vigilant.
Paul Crutzen in Lindau, giving a lecture on “Atmospheric Chemistry and Climate in the Anthropocene”. Photo: Ch. Flemming, LNLM
Photo in preview graphic on Facebook & Twitter: Melanie Feuerer(CC BY 2.0)
Photo in slider graphic on blog frontpage: Georgie Sharp (CC BY-NC 2.0)


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Soft and Chewy Chocolate Chip Cookies
These chocolate chip cookies are extra soft, chewy, and they turn out perfect every time. This is the only chocolate chip cookie recipe you will ever need!
I feel like a homemade chocolate chip cookie recipe is something that everyone should have in their recipe box. Several years ago I spent quite a bit of time working on creating the perfect chocolate chip cookies and after several attempts I finally landed on the perfect recipe.
So today I wanted to share this classic cookie recipe with you again because it’s one that I make all of the time! Not only are these the best chocolate chip cookies you’ll every try, but they’re also:
- Easy to make
- Incredibly soft and chewy
- Full of melted chocolate chips
- Super delicious!
Every single time I make a batch of these cookies, people go crazy for them and ask how to make them. That’s when you know you have a good recipe!
First things first, you’ll want to gather all of your ingredients for these cookies. Let’s discuss each one and why it’s important to this recipe:
- All-Purpose Flour: The flour is what provides the structure and helps them hold their shape. Just be sure to measure your flour correctly. Too much flour can lead to cookies that won’t spread in the oven.
- Baking Soda & Salt: The baking soda helps give the cookies a little lift and the salt enhances the flavors.
- Unsalted Butter: I prefer to stick with unsalted butter in all of my recipes, since the amount of salt in salted butters can vary quite a bit between different brands. Only have salted butter on hand? Simply reduce the salt in this recipe to 1/2 teaspoon.
- Brown Sugar & Granulated Sugar: The brown sugar adds moisture and creates chewy chocolate chip cookies while the granulated sugar helps them spread.
- Eggs & Vanilla Extract: There are two eggs in these cookies to bind everything together plus a little vanilla extract. I also recommend using room temperature eggs as they will disperse more evenly into the dough.
- Semi-Sweet Chocolate Chips: I find that semi-sweet chocolate chips work best because they’re not too sweet and not too bitter. Feel free to use any kind that you prefer though!
How To Make Chocolate Chip Cookies
Once you’ve gathered all of your ingredients, it’s time to prepare these easy chocolate chip cookies. Here’s a simple breakdown on how to make the cookie dough and bake the cookies.
- Whisk together your dry ingredients: Whisking the dry ingredients separately will help ensure that the baking soda and salt are evenly dispersed in your dough.
- Beat the butter and sugars together: I like to mix the butter, brown sugar, and granulated sugar together for 1 to 2 minutes or until they’re well combined.
- Mix in the eggs and vanilla extract: It’s best to mix in the eggs one at a time, then mix in the vanilla. I also suggest stopping to scrape down the sides of your bowl at this point and mix one more time before adding the dry ingredients.
- Add the dry ingredients: You only need to mix the dry ingredients into the wet ingredients until just combined.
- Mix in the chocolate chips: You can either gently fold in the chocolate chips or mix them in on low-speed until they’re fully incorporated into the cookie dough.
- Chill the cookie dough: This will help ensure that your cookies don’t spread too much in the oven. I find that two hours is the perfect amount of time!
- Scoop and bake the cookie dough: I suggest using a 1.5 tablespoon cookie scoop because it creates the perfect cookie. The cookies will also take about 10 to 12 minutes in a 350°F (177°C) oven. You’ll know they’re done when the tops are set and the edges are lightly golden brown.
- Allow the cookies to cool: I prefer to let them cool on the baking sheets for 5 to 10 minutes, since the residual heat helps the cookies finish setting up. Then, transfer them to a wire rack to cool completely.
Quick tip: If you want perfectly round cookies, use a spoon to shape the warm cookies once they come out of the oven.
How do you prevent your cookies from being flat?
If your cookie dough is too warm your cookies may spread more in the oven. If you find that they’re spreading too much, chill the cookie dough in the refrigerator longer. You can also place the balls of cookie dough in the freezer for 20 minutes to speed up the process.
What do I do if my cookies don’t spread in the oven?
Too much flour in your cookie dough can lead to cookies that won’t spread very much. If you find that your cookies aren’t spreading very well, simply press the cookie dough down to flatten them some before baking.
Can you freeze the cookie dough or baked cookies?
Yes! I suggest scooping the cookie dough onto a baking sheet lined with parchment paper and place the baking sheet in the freezer. Once the cookie dough is frozen, you can store it in a freezer bag or container in the freezer for up to 3 months. To bake the cookie dough from frozen, add an additional 1 to 2 minutes of baking time.
Baked cookies that have cooled completely will freeze well for up to 3 months too. Simply place the cookies on the counter and thaw to room temperature before serving.
Can I prepare the cookie dough ahead of time and refrigerate it?
Yes, you can! The cookie dough may be covered tightly and stored in the refrigerator for up to 3 days. If it’s too hard to scoop, let it sit at room temperature for 20 to 30 minutes and that should make it easier.
- When measuring your flour, make sure to stir your flour around, spoon it into your measuring cup, and level it off with the back of a knife.
- If you forget to bring your eggs to room temperature, simply place them in a bowl of warm water for 5 to 10 minutes.
- Feel free to swap out the semi-sweet chocolate chips for dark chocolate or even milk chocolate chips.
More Homemade Cookie Recipes!
- Oatmeal Chocolate Chip Cookies
- Soft & Chewy Snickerdoodle Cookies
- Soft Peanut Butter Cookies
- Oatmeal Raisin Cookies
- Classic No-Bake Cookies
Soft and Chewy Chocolate Chip Cookies
- 2 and 3/4 cups (345 grams) all-purpose flour (spooned & leveled)
- 1 teaspoon baking soda
- 1 teaspoon salt
- 1 cup (230 grams; 2 sticks) unsalted butter, softened
- 1 cup (200 grams) light brown sugar packed
- 1/2 cup (100 grams) granulated sugar
- 2 large eggs at room temperature
- 2 teaspoons pure vanilla extract
- 1 12-ounce package (2 cups; 340g) semi-sweet chocolate chips
- In a large mixing bowl, whisk together the flour, baking soda, and salt. Set aside.
- In the bowl of a stand mixer fitted with the paddle attachment, or in a large mixing bowl using a handheld mixer, cream the butter, light brown sugar, and granulated sugar together for 1 to 2 minutes or until well combined. Mix in the eggs and vanilla extract one at a time until fully combined, stopping to scrape down the sides of the bowl as needed.
- Slowly mix in the dry ingredients and continue mixing until just combined, then mix in the chocolate chips on low-speed until fully incorporated into the cookie dough.
- Cover the cookie dough tightly and transfer to the refrigerator to chill for at least 2 hours.
- Once the dough is almost chilled, preheat the oven to 350°F (177°C). Line three large baking sheets with parchment paper or silicone baking mats and set aside.
- Remove the cookie dough from the refrigerator, using a 1.5 tablespoon cookie scoop, scoop the cookie dough and drop onto the prepared baking sheets. Make sure to leave a little room between each ball of cookie dough.
- Bake for 10-12 minutes or until the edges of the cookies are lightly golden brown and the tops are set. Remove from the oven and cool on the baking sheet for 5 minutes, then transfer the cookies to a wire rack to cool completely.


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A collection of news and information related to Matt Cullen published by this site and its partners.
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ST. PAUL, Minn. — The day and the win were five years in the making. The Wild had not played a postseason game in front of their home fans since April 2008. The celebration didn't last a fraction as long as the wait. "We haven't done much,"...
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St. Paul Pioneer Press"How to slow down the Chicago Blackhawks," by the Minnesota Wild. Hit them. Hit them again. Keep the puck inside their zone as much as possible. Oh, and hit them. "That’s how we’re going to beat them right there," Charlie Coyle said. "Get...
Offense The Hawks roll four lines and finished second in the NHL with an average of 3.10 goals per game. Center Dave Bolland is battling a groin injury, but if he's at full strength, a shift back to the third line could be in order as Michal Handzus has...
Change of SubjectUpdate -- Cullen reports playing at a record-breaking 14.8 seconds/hold pace in practice sessions! Attempt to start Monday -- viewable here. (Original March 8 entry) This news release, from a man in whose annual mini-golf tournament I played 10 years........
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Tribune staff reporterIf there has been a trademark for the Blackhawks in the last month, it has been their ability to shake off adversity during the course of a game. But Tuesday night, despite jumping to a quick lead, the Hawks couldn't withstand the hard-charging...
Tribune staff reporterThursday wasn't your typical day for Brandon Bochenski. What began as just another bus ride in the minor leagues ended with a trade and nearly 10 minutes of ice time with his new NHL club. "I've never experienced anything like this before," Bochenski...
Tribune staff reporterBefore their game Sunday, the Blackhawks stressed the need for a good start against a New York Rangers team that had lost the day before and had watched one of its leaders, Brendan Shanahan, wheeled off the ice on a stretcher. Instead the Hawks were on...
Tribune staff reporterBlackhawks rookie goaltender Craig Andersson was part of history Sunday night in his first NHL start. But it was the kind of history he would just as soon not have any part of. The Anaheim Mighty Ducks scored three times in the first 7 minutes 24 seconds...
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Photosynthesis is the name of the process by which the plant manufactures sugars.
The plant takes CARBON DIOXIDE from the air and WATER from the soil and combines them together to form SUGAR. OXYGEN is released as a waste product.
The energy for the process comes from the SUN which is absorbed with the help of CHLOROPHYLL (green).
Photosynthesis takes place in the CHLOROPLASTS which are found mostly in the leaves.
Word Equation for photosynthesis
Carbon dioxide + water ——-> sugar + oxygen
Energy from the sun+ chlorophyll
Gases are exchanged through tiny holes (called stomata) in the underside of the leaf. The stomata close up during the night or during hot weather to prevent the plant loosing too much water.
The sugar is used three ways:
i. Converted into STARCH and transported away to other parts of the plant.
ii. Converted into CELLULOSE for the cell walls.
iii. Used by the plant for its own respiration to provide energy for other processes.
The plant to be used is left in the dark for 24 hours before the experiment started. This removes all the starch from the leaves.
Reason: The leaves cannot carry out photosynthesis which makes starch, but they are still carrying out respiration, using up starch.
It is then taken out of the dark and left in the light again for another 24 hours, but this time part of the leaf was covered up using aluminium foil.
|A leaf covered by aluminium foil.
There is a hole in the middle of the foil
Our prediction is that the parts of the leaf left in the dark will have no starch as they cannot carry out photosyn:thesis.
The leaf is now treated as follows
- The leaf is dipped in boiling water for 2-3 seconds. This kills the cells and softens the leaf.
- The leaf is boiled in alcohol for about 5 minutes
This dissolves out any chlorophyll.
NOTE: Notice that the boiling tube is not heated directly over the flame but is placed in a water bath.
(A water bath is a beaker of boiling water.)
This safety precaution is used because alcohol is flammable and heating the test tube over a flame would be a fire risk.
After boiling in alcohol the leaf should have lost its green colour.
3. The leaf is now dipped back into boiling water. This is to soften it again.
4. The leaf is laid out on a white tile 1-2 drops of iodine solution are added.
Wherever there is starch present the leaf will turn a blue-black colour. It will remain a yellow colour where there is no starch.
|The same leaf after being boiled in alcohol and then tested with iodine solution
Starch is only made where photosynthesis is carried out.
Result and Conclusion:
The leaf turned a blue-black colour under the hole in the aluminium foil. This showed that starch was made in the presence of light but not where the leaf remained in the dark.
We conclude from this that light is needed for photosynthesis