15 opportunities for gold, silver and bronze over the span of five days are included in the spectacular UCI 2020 Mountain Bike World Championships in Saalfelden Leogang. The organizers, Marco Pointner and Kornel Grundner, are now able to give us give exciting insights into how the event is organized, especially in difficult times: “We have seen ourselves increasingly responsible for making the World Championships possible for the riders, teams and sponsors, but also for the fans.”
Five days of pure action with 15 golden chances – Saalfelden Leogang, the host of the World Championships, gives the heavily adjusted mountain bike calendar a bit of security. Approximately eleven weeks before the start of the UCI 2020 Mountain Bike and Pump Track World Championships, which will take place 7-11 October, the title battles in Downhill, Cross-Country, E-Mountain Bike and Pump Track are taking shape. After consultation with the UCI, organiser Saalfelden Leogang can now officially announce the schedule for the quadruple World Championships.
The festivities will start in the usual manner with the Cross-Country Team Relay race on Wednesday, October 7. On the same day, two more medals will be awarded when the E-MTB stars, both women and men, take to the track.
On Thursday, the juniors will compete for gold, silver and bronze in Cross-Country. On Friday, the men’s U23s will compete in Cross-Country. Afterwards men and women will duel each other on the Pump Track for the coveted rainbow jerseys. The Pump Track competition will signal the end of the third day of competition.
The World Championship weekend starts with the U23 Cross-Country women. In the Olympic discipline, the two Elite competitors will then give it their all on the demanding circuit. The final day of competition on Sunday offers four more decisions – all of them Downhill. First, the Junior women and then the Junior men will rocket down the Speedster, before the Women’s and Men’s Elite finish the quadruple World Championships.
Spectator situation still uncertain
Despite the uncertainty caused by the Corona pandemic and the resulting difficulty in planning, the organisers are trying to make the title races accessible to spectators. A decision on this has not yet been made. All current information is also available at: www.bikewm2020.com
“Prepared for all eventualities”
Organizers Marco Pointner and Kornel Grundner give exciting insights into the origins of the quadruple World Championships and the organizational challenges.
Timetable UCI 2020 Mountain Bike & Pump Track World Championships
XCO Junior Class (female)
XCO Junior Class (male)
XCO U23 Men
XCO U23 Women
DHI Junior Class (both)


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(Updated at 4:05 p.m.) Arlington’s average rate of new daily Covid cases has plateaued over the past two weeks.
The seven-day moving average currently stands at about 32-33 daily cases. It’s remained around that level, give or take two cases per day, since Aug. 9. The plateau followed a month-long rise in cases since the beginning of July, fueled by the more contagious Delta variant.
One new death and only one new Covid-related hospitalization have been reported over the past week, since Aug. 16.
Though the case average has held fairly steady, the 47 new cases reported on Sunday, according to Virginia Dept. of Health data, represent the highest one-day total since 57 cases were reported on April 9.
With reports of break-through cases among the vaccinated becoming more common, Arlington County last week started offering third doses of the Pfizer and Moderna to certain immunocompromised individuals. The county expects to offer booster shots to the general public later next month, as proposed by the Biden administration.
The Food and Drug Administration, meanwhile, announced today that it has granted full approval to the Pfizer vaccine. It was previously offered under an Emergency Use Authorization from the FDA.
With the full approval, the Dept. of Defense says it is planning to make vaccinations mandatory for U.S. service members.
Now that Pfizer has received full FDA approval, Pentagon Press Sec. John Kirby says, "We're gonna move forward making that vaccine mandatory" for U.S. service members. pic.twitter.com/5IbJ68wesk
— The Recount (@therecount) August 23, 2021
Though it’s hard to predict what will happen with Arlington’s Covid case rate, there is some cause for optimism. In Florida, hard hit by the Delta wave, cases appear to be peaking or falling in many parts of the state.
— Carl Quintanilla (@carlquintanilla) August 23, 2021
Today’s Listing of the Day is a 4 BD/4 BA home with an open kitchen and wood burning fireplace.
The weekend has arrived and, apparently, so have mid-summer temperatures. Perhaps a little too early. Forecasters warn residents not to let the heat take them by surprise as temperatures could reach…
The $15 million newly renovated Jennie Dean Park is reopening to the public this weekend, complete with a motorcycle parade, live music, and a celebration of local baseball history. The…
Join Poppyseed Rye for weekend breakfast starting May 21 with an expanded menu including quiche, breakfast paninis and more.

domain: news


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Sheldon peered at the girl Leonard was currently speaking to, his wished civilization did demand such trivial introductions.
"Would you like to join us for Thai food?"
The genius sputtered, this was not protocol! The women happily accepted to Sheldon's dismay and entered the small apartment.
Penny. Penny was this intruders name. A small name, probably short for Penelope; a hand-me-down that could have been after her mother or grandmother. Sheldon analyzed the woman's appearance, putting an image to the name; petite blonde who enjoyed wearing clothes that revealed her figure. She had probably named herself Penny, becoming the women she desired to be; however, her walk suggested a woman who was confident with herself, maybe just being the person she was.
Before he could rationalize this impending catastrophe, explaining to Leonard his false hopes or account for the lack of food they had not bought, the blonde made a B-line for Sheldon's latest white board.
His pride swelled as she really admired his work, he knew she did not understand it but this fact did not keep her from admitting its significance. It was not just that she had complimented his work that allowed Sheldon to accept Penny's presence, but that she had chosen his board first (there were plenty in the room).
Penny. Sheldon mouthed the words as she left his side. The Physicist smiled, enjoying the way the word fell from his lips.
Sheldon paused as he heard a singsong voice call to him from the other side of the door, amazed she could hear him over her blaring music.
It was one of the physicist's few days off and it had already started on a sour note. Today her had awakened thinking of the nice bowl of low fiber cereal he would allow himself to have, however, upon opening the fridge he discovered the milk was missing. He knew the milk was present yesterday, he had checked, Sheldon made his way across the living room, through the hall, and now stood at the culprits door.
"Mornin' Sheldon!" The thief grinned up at Sheldon, before he could demand his milk Penny twirled back towards her kitchen.
Sheldon glared after the woman but followed behind her, mission still incomplete.
Penny, dressed in the pink bat man shirt the genius had gotten her for her last birthday, danced back to her counter where she began to mix batter in her also pink bowl.
"Sorry about stealing your milk Hun. But I was craving pancakes and you were in the shower so I couldn't ask."
Sheldon was about to comment on how rude it was to use a persons schedule as an advantage to get milk when he was suddenly interrupted with a squeal.
"Oh this is my favorite song! Dance with me Sheldon!"
Penny grabbed the tall man's hands before he could protest and begun to swing the both around the apartment.
"Penny! I do not dance!" Sheldon squawked.
"Sure ya do, it's anything could happen Thursday!" the blonde giggled and lifted his arm to twirl herself.
Sheldon found himself speechless, some sonic interference from her giggle must have caused it, and he too smiled; allowing the small women to parade him around the room.
By the second chorus they were both singing along to the lyrics, his Texas accent mixing with hers. The tune was quite catchy, and he had begun enjoying the way the words tingling his lips made her giggle more.
"Come on Sheldon!"
The four men were seated about the small bar in the apartment while Penny worked on her drink skills. Sheldon had joined in to supervise, incase one of Penny's creations turned out poisonous or spontaneously combusted. Now, however, the blonde was also trying to extend his role by making the genius his own beverage.
"Penny, Penny, Penny. We have gone over this-"
"Yes I know! But this is just for you Sweetie! You just corrected one of your formula's right? Lets celebrate!" the girl puckered her lips into the most heartbreaking puppy dog look and zoned in on the Physicist.
Sheldon had ignored her comment towards his new break through with one of his string theory and the fact that she had interrupted him, but he could feel himself crack under her gaze. How could this small creature force his Texan stubbornness to submit? The man sighed, which clearly was Penny's cue as she squealed and turned her attention back towards her drinks.
"Oh ho the great Sheldor yielding to a women?" Howard sneered.
When Sheldon glared down at the small Jewish man, however, Howard quickly put the straw of his drink back to his lips and cast his eyes towards the other end of the room. Did he really think if his eyes were turned somewhere else the Physicist would not know who had said the comment?
Before he could retort, Penny sat a purple kinda pink drink with a melo yellow colored umbrella speared through a cherry.
All attention turned towards Leonard, causing him to look like a deer in headlights.
"What? Pink? I mean could it have been more girly?"
"It's violet." Penny hissed back.
"Well, I- um…" Leonard looked around the room, hoping the floor would swallow him.
Penny smirked then leaned the upper half of her body completely on the counter and slowly plucked the umbrella out of the drink, all eyes now on her.
"I call it 'Sheldonopulious'." She whispered dramatically and slowly pulled the cherry off the stick with her teeth, careful not to touch Sheldon umbrella.
The other three men glared as Sheldon plucked the yellow accessory from Penny's fingers, placing it back within his glass, and took his first sip of "Sheldonopulious".
Penny practically gleamed as Sheldon gave her one of his quick smiles and a nod of approval. He was pleasantly surprised to find Penny's drink felt good on his lips accompanied by the other mans' stares.
Sheldon Cooper sat in a corner booth, not in his usual spot, at the Cheese Cake Factory. Since Leonard had to work late this week Penny had offered to drive him home after work if he walked to the restaurant after her shift. Today was Tuesday, so the two decided to just eat as usual at the end of her shift, Raj and Howard had declined for a less dignified "pick-up" bar.
"Ok Sweetie, one cheese burger just as you like it." Penny singed as she sat across from the genius with her own pasta.
The restaurant was closing, all customers gone and only a few employees left to clean, leaving the room quite. Penny slurped her pasta noisily; giggling each time a noodle hit her nose. She inquired about the others day and he briefly explained his theories of the day, delighted when she asked him to explain things she did not understand.
Penny sipped her cherry coke as she described her own day, but Sheldon found himself unable to concentrate on her words. A piece of blonde hair had become stuck to the woman's lips and Sheldon felt his hand reach out before he could think about it.
Irrationally, the world seemed to slow as the Physicist slipped the blonde strand behind Penny's ear. He saw the blonde slowly stop speaking as green eyes met blue. Later he would be unable to explain this ridiculous action, maybe blame it on the mountain dew, as he suddenly let his hand slip behind Penny's neck and lean forward.
Sheldon felt himself get lost in Penny's cheery lip gloss as their lips connected. The genius molded their lips roughly as he finally let his emotions take over. As he felt Penny kiss back, mumbling his name, Sheldon reached his other hand over the table to cup her cheek, pulling her closer. It was as if the world just disappeared, also impossible., as Sheldon focused on the girl like he would a formula.
The man lightly pondered how this moment had even happened, wondering what craziness this women had seduced him into and why he was so willing to follow. The matter could be evaluated later, however, as each cherry kiss drew him more to the women in his grasp.
My take on a songfic, Tim Mcgraw's "Felt good on my lips". Tell me what ya think x3

domain: literature


The FCC Speed Test app allows people to find out how fast their mobile and broadband internet connection is working, with the data collected going back to the agency as part of its Measuring Broadband America program, the agency said Monday.
Acting FCC Chairwoman Jessica Rosenworcel said that building out a “comprehensive, user-friendly dataset on broadband availability” is a must for the agency if it wants to reach its intended goal of closing the gap “between digital haves and have nots.”
“Expanding the base of consumers who use the FCC Speed Test app will enable us to provide improved coverage information to the public and add to the measurement tools we’re developing to show where broadband is truly available throughout the United States,” she said in a statement.
The agency says that the app, which is available in both the Google Play Store and Apple App Store, can provide helpful information to the agency and the people using it without compromising individual privacy. All information garnered from the application is anonymized, according to the agency.
Eventually, the FCC says it hopes it can use the data for more “accurate and granular broadband deployment.”
Millions of people in the United States still live without reliable internet service, a phenomenon known as the digital divide. At the end of 2019, some 14.5 million people didn’t have access to internet with speeds of at least 25/5 Mbps, the agency’s benchmark for what counts as broadband.
This is a problem that was thrown into sharp relief during the pandemic, when tens of millions of adults and children were forced to work and attend classes from home. And the agency’s broadband maps are infamously bad at identifying exactly which parts of a county or city are underserved.
Rosenworcel said in 2018 that the agency’s data showed that her neighborhood in Washington, D.C., lacked internet access when it obviously didn’t, and earlier this year U.S. Rep. Cathy McMorris Rodgers, R-Wash., said there are counties in her district that agency maps say are 100% covered but clearly aren’t.
The acting chairwoman has launched a Broadband Data Task Force aimed at improving the quality and comprehensiveness of the agency’s broadband maps, using funds from the Broadband Data Act to get it done.
This article was obtained from Law360.
–By Nadia Dreid
–Editing by Breda Lund


This washable runner is made from 100% polypropylene with a latex reverse that is suitable for indoor use and has an anti-slip quality that helps to prevent any unwanted movement. This runner is hard-wearing in high traffic areas and the brown colour complements most environments.
Catalogue Number: 207-1570
- Hard-wearing & anti-slip
- 100% polypropylene with a latex reverse


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Here’s what everyone is saying about The Waldorf Homeschool Handbook:
“When we began our Waldorf homeschooling journey a few years ago, there was so much information out there. I thought that if we had a few curriculums to choose from, it would give me a great source of information and would inspire me to build wonderful lessons. However, I soon discovered that too much information from different sources only caused confusion and I became overwhelmed.What I like about Donna’s handbook, is that it’s clear and simple, it guides you through the planning process for your schooling with wonderful suggestions and her own experience and this will ensure that you don’t become trapped under a mountain of different curriculums unable to navigate your way back to shore.Even though we have been homeschooling for a while now, I have found reading this Waldorf book very refreshing and I will be looking at our homeschooling from a different angle and implementing a few of the suggestions offered. I feel that this book is such a gem not only for those new to Waldorf homeschooling but also for those who have been moving along the Waldorf path of a few years already.”- Linda Dawkins, Natural Suburbia
“I’m nearly done with the book & I absolutely love it!! It is truly what I was looking for when I began homeschooling my children years ago. It arrived at just the perfect timing for us, as we’ve decided to go back to Oak Meadow next year for our two children still homeschooling. All the best.”- Stephinie Miner at Gypsy Forest
“At last! A book that will lovingly hold your hand and guide you through all you are searching for with Waldorf homeschooling. This book is pure gold. I can’t tell you how much I love it…seriously, this is a breakthrough for Waldorf. You have made Waldorf accessible to all in your beautifully written and easy to read and understand handbook. I have marveled at how homeschooling moms can feel brave enough to set out on the journey of Waldorf Homeschooling. I have wished for a book that brings all Waldorf threads together and knits them into a handbook, a what-is, a how-to. Well, here we have it, folks, seriously… this is it! With this in my hands, I could do it… I , really, REALLY, could! This book is like having a mentor right there in your home. It is beautiful to read, inspiring, motivating and utterly informative. It does not make you scared, it empowers. It leads and guides and shows you where to find what you need to know.”- Donni Webber at Magic Onions


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PHOTO: Cincinnati's reported red helmets for Belk Bowl
Cincinnati reportedly will be wearing alternate red helmets when the Bearcats face Duke in the Belk Bowl in Charlotte, N.C.
|Cincinnati reportedly will wear alternate red helmets against Duke in the Belk Bowl. (Twitter.com/Uni Watch)|
According to multiple reports -- including Paul Lukas, of Uni Watch -- these are the helmets Cincinnati will be wearing for its showdown against Duke in the Belk Bowl on Dec. 27. The co-Big East champs will enter the matchup without coach Butch Jones, who accepted the job as Tennessee's next head coach. Newly hired head coach Tommy Tuberville will not be on the sideline, either. Defensive line coach Steve Stripling will coach the team for the bowl game.
A victory will give the Bearcats a 10th win for the fifth time in the past six seasons. So while the program's leadership is in flux, there is still plenty on the line in terms of continuing the recent success. Perhaps the coaches (or school) are breaking out the alternate gear as an extra boost in an otherwise difficult situation for many football teams.
Also -- is it just me, or is there some houndstooth in that red design? Cincinnati getting fancy for the holiday season, I suppose.
Check out Cincinnati's helmet for the Belk Bowl: twitter.com/UniWatch/statu…— Paul Lukas (@UniWatch) December 17, 2012
For all of the dates, times, ticket and viewing information for all 35 postseason games; check out the Bowl Schedule page
Keep up with the latest college football news from around the country. From the opening kick of the year all the way through the offseason, CBSSports.com has you covered with this daily newsletter. View a preview.
Get CBSSports.com College Football updates on Facebook
Find out which of your favorite team's players are among the nation's best entering the 2017...
Texas A&M has to be better defensively to stand a chance in the SEC West
A letter indicated that there is a growing awareness of the persistent problem in college...
The series will follow the Navy football program throughout the 2017 season
Should college football players still be tested and punished for using marijuana?
Lane Kiffin got two big commitments Tuesday afternoon


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I have been using and coaching Agile methods in the gaming and software industry. I have experience in the ScrumMaster role at 5 companies and over a dozen teams. My first experience as acting ScrumMaster was in the game industry. I furthered my experience as Scrum Coach of over several teams at my next company. Every company that I have joined since 2011 I have enjoyed reshaping the world of work. I have seen first-hand the transformation of teams through collaboration and product focus and plan to continuously improve myself and Agile software development teams for the rest of my career.
February 2012 - Present, San Francisco, CA, US
Manage game teams and ScrumMaster for various social game projects.
Peek, Scrum Coach
August 2015 - Present, San Francisco, CA, US
Coach product, engineering, and DevOps teams on Agile methodology and Scrum framework
January 2011 - February 2012, Redwood City, CA, United States
Led the game team and was ScrumMaster for various social game projects.

domain: game


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Another congenital deformity of the ears is called prominent or protruding ears. The ear’s prominence is due to lack of development of the antihelical fold. The primary reason to correct this deformity is to eliminate the psychological trauma that this condition can cause. Peer ridicule can be severe with this particular deformity. The operation designed to correct this problem involves recreating the antihelical fold curling or setting the ears back closer to the head. With experience, consistently good results can be obtained.
Ear surgery called Otoplasty is most commonly performed to reposition protruding ears closer to the head. Ears that “stick out” too far can cause ridicule and significant psychological distress. This operation can be designed to shape, position and size ears to a normal appearance. Ears are almost fully developed by 4-6 years of age so that an Otoplasty is typically performed at 4 or older. However, there is no age limit and an Otoplasty can be successfully performed on adults as well. Other ear deformities, such as “lop ears”, “cup ears”, or “constricted ears” can be corrected with reconstructive procedures.
The goal is to produce symmetrical, natural looking ears that don’t protrude or have an evidence of being surgically corrected.
In addition to the ears, there are surgical procedures just to address stretched, creased, or split earlobes.
Most children, if questioned, are very unhappy about having protruding ears, especially if they are teased about this. Therefore they usually are enthusiastic and cooperative during the process and are happy with the results.
Eigth year old with bilateral protuding ears
Postoperative result after otoplasty
Am I A Candidate For Otoplasty?
You may be a candidate if you have the following:
protruding or prominent ears
have some congenital ear problems such as partial development
What Is Involved In Otoplasty?
The procedure is usually performed with intravenous general anesthesia. Analysis of the particular deformity is key to determining the best procedure to correct the problem. An incision is made behind the ear to expose the cartilage. Reshaping the cartilage is performed using sutures to maintain the new shape. Additional techniques may be needed depending on the deformity. The scar is behind the ear and not easily visible. The patient is wrapped in a turban-like dressing for 4-5 days. Once this is removed a sweatband is worn to protect the ears particularly when sleeping.
Patients may resume normal activities in one week. Children can go back to school in one week and no playground activities for 4 weeks.

domain: health


1969 Mustang, Cougar; Bucket Seat Back Frame; w/Headrest Mount Hole; Passenger Side
Reproduction of the original bucket seat back frame that replaces the original worn out assembly for 1969 Mustang or Cougar models. Your original may have already been welded at least once for repair. Why bother trying to repair your old worn out frames when you can purchase a reproduction unit with frame and spring together in a seat back upper assembly?
Our all-steel constructed reproduction upper seat frame comes pre-assembled with the seat springs and features the headrest mounting hole. Combine with our seat buns and upholstery for a first class restoration.
1969-1969 Ford Mustang (passenger side)
1969-1969 Mercury Cougar (passenger side)
Original Equipment Reproduction - OER - is the leading manufacturer and distributor of quality classic automotive restoration parts and accessories. OER products are meticulously manufactured to replicate the OEM appearance, quality and fit that meets or exceeds the original factory specifications.


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I’m loving going back in time, looking through photos and gathering them all to share! How this party was 2 years ago is beyond me.
Well at this time, my 5 year old boy and his friends were into the nerf guns. Similarly, Avery had quite the obsession for bow and arrows. She had several- I believe NERF made some of them, and her collection grew, and the bows got bigger. When asking her what she wanted as a theme for her birthday, she thought about it for a while………. when I was pregnant with Avery, I dreamt of taking her to ballet classes and playing dolls with her…….. well ya know, things don’t always go as planned because they just happen to have a mind of their own sometimes hehe.
Avery was never into dolls or barbies. And we tried at dance twice and she didn’t like it *tears*. I don’t push things on my kids. I like them to have a mind of their own and find their own likes and interests……. so fast forward to her 7th birthday. After thinking for some time, she says “mommy, I want a bow and arrow birthday”……what is a mommy to do?
I’ll tell you what a mommy did- she turned it into a tribal/bohemian theme hahahah – so, the birth of Avery’s Pow Wow!
The theme actually was rather popular at the time, but I truly wanted to create something that wasn’t out there. Tee pee and tent props were everywhere at the time, but I wanted to do something that wasn’t exactly that. So the light bulb went on- I wanted to have the desserts all under a tee pee. Heres how I did it:
I had 2 bamboo sticks that I crossed over the table, purchased some fabric and weaved it through, and tied it all up with leather rope that I found in the jewelry making section of Michaels. I then decorated it with an “arrow” garland.
When it came to the banner, I wanted something different as well. For this theme, I focused on arrows and feathers, so I made a feather banner. Those gold tipped white feathers were actually at Michaels. I hot glued them to some ribbon and voila!
I loved the mint green, pink , and gold combo so I kept an eye out during my visit to Hobby Lobby. Well, I actually found some candle holders with arrows and immediately wanted to use them for something. I decided they would be cupcake holders!
I wanted to keep the cake design simple. Pink with arrows, and then I pierced an arrow through it that I made with a straw, some gold tape, and some shapes I cut out. I then topped it with a gold cake topper. Two years ago, these toppers have just made an appearance into the party world, but today, you can find them everywhere.
Here’s what I included for desserts:
Themed decorated cookies I made
I made these homemade s’mores- the marshmallows and graham crackers were all made-from-scratch and were amazing. I didn’t get a picture of the top of these but I dipped it in pink chocolate and adorned it with a gold fondant arrow. The details.
My friend Anna, who makes all my macarons made pink ones for me. Last minute, I decided I wanted details on it to coordinate the theme. I decided to paint a gold strip to it and insert an “arrow” tooth pick through it.
For the cake pops, I dipped it in pink and added the fondant bow and arrow that I painted gold as well:
So, if you read my cookie monster party, I raved about my younger cousin who is amazing at free handing art and can mimic any type of writing. For the the buffet labels, I wanted something different. I found these wood pieces at Michaels, but they were bare wood. I stained them, and Sonia wrote on them for me. I loved how they turned out. Her efforts did not stop there, she also made all my backdrop signs for me and hand wrote all my favor boxes- she really is unbelievably talented!
I decided to have a trail mix bar for snacks, and guests just added what they liked and created their custom mix:
Guests were also encouraged to get into the “tribal” theme and join in all the pow wow festivities. We provided leather, braided headbands with various colored feathers and metallic tattoos. It turned out so fun!
I had trouble finding something I liked for party favors. I finally decided on these boxes, and added my own details. With paper straws and gold paper, I created these “arrows” and hot glued them onto the boxes. It still wasn’t to my liking, so I asked Sonia to hand write “thank you” on them. Bless her heart!!! She did amazing!
I also wanted to provide bows and arrows for each guests, doubled as a party favor. I ordered a wooden archery set on Oriental Trading company and I found a tutorial on how to make these quivers. I purchased vinyl from Joann’s and sourced out my aunt to sew them for me. She did amazing!
Here is Avery trying them on before the party:
I have talented family I tell ya!
We ended Avery’s Pow Wow with presents and cake:
I enjoyed planning this party because although I initially thought Avery’s idea of a “bow and arrow party” was a bit odd, I was able to incorporate popular elements at the time and really transformed Avery’s Pow Wow into a complete theme!

domain: hobby


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Smartphone devices are equipped with multiple sensors that can record user behavior on the handsets. With the help of a large-scale smartphone usage data, researchers are able to study human behavior in the real world. Since location information is one of the crucial aspects of human behaving, investigating human mobility from mining mobile data has become recently a popular research topic.
Previous research in this filed mainly only focus on discovering the significant places or predicting the transition among the significant places [do2014places], [baumann2018selecting], [mcinerney2013modelling]. However, these research neglect the data sampled at the places where one stay for a relatively short time, for instance, in the middle of transitions. As opposed to this point of view, we believe that these data is important for revealing human mobility patterns as well.
To characterize human mobility, we should realize that there are multiple patterns lying in the mobility data even for the same individuals. For example, normally, on workdays, one goes to work or school at daytime while on weekends, he/she may prefer to stay at home. As a result, the mobility on weekends is different from the one on workdays. Therefore, for each user, it is reasonable to depict the trajectory for each day and then discover the common mobility patterns shared by the trajectories of different days.
In our work, the human mobility is recorded by the GPS module embedded on the smartphone devices. It should be emphasized that the GPS data (longitudes and latitudes) is not evenly distributed spatially because one may stay longer at a significant place (i.e, home or workplace/school) than at a less significant place (i.e, restaurants or the roads). Thus, an appropriate description for human mobility is to treat the location of an individual as a set of data points randomly distributed in the space with respect to different probabilities. Moreover, in practice, the data collecting procedure may not be continuous all the time because the GPS module is turned off or does not function sometimes. As a consequence, it arises the issue of data sparsity. In general, the human mobility GPS data has the following properties:
The data has latent structures.
The data is not evenly distributed in space.
The data is sparse and noisy.
These unique data characteristics prevent researchers adopting some conventional methods. Therefore, in our work, we adopt a probabilistic approach to describe the daily human mobility. As compared to the conventional methods, we believe our approach can explore more information from the original GPS data and decrease the impact of data sparsity. The approach presented in this paper is aimed at investigating this hypothesis and is structured into three steps as shown in Fig. 1.
The first stage of the method is to estimate the probability density for each day’s trajectories. For such task, Gaussian Mixture Model [reynolds2015gaussian] is a possible solution. However, the standard Gaussian Mixture Model needs to set the number of components in advance, which is not practical to implement because trajectory data can be statistically heterogeneous and a fixed component number for every daily trajectories is not appropriate. To handle this problem, we adopted the Infinite Gaussian Mixture Model [rasmussen2000infinite], in which the Dirichlet process prior is used to modify the mixed weights of components.
To measure the difference between different mobility probability densities, the Kullback-Leibler divergence [kullback1997information] estimator is used. The Kullback-Leibler divergence is an asymmetric metric, which means the distance from distribution p to distribution q is not the same as the distance from distribution q to distribution p unless they are identical distributions. We exploit the inequality property of KL divergence to reveal the subordinate relationship of one trajectory to another.
Finally, we devise a clustering algorithm using the Infinite Gaussian Mixture Models with Kullback-Leibler divergence to discover the mobility patterns existing in human mobility data. More importantly, as compared to traditional methods, our clustering algorithm is automatic because it does not require a preset of the pattern number.
The work presented in this paper has then 3 main contributions:
For estimating probability density of daily mobility, we illustrate that the Infinite Gaussian Mixture Models outperform the Gaussian Mixture Models.
We prove that Kullback-Leibler divergence is an appropriate metrics to measure the closeness of mobility probability densities.
We develop a clustering algorithm based on Infinite Gaussian Mixture Model and Kullback-Leibler divergence to find the human mobility patterns.
The reminder of the paper is organized as follows. Section II surveys the related work. Section III addresses the problem we are tackling in this paper. In Section IV, the proposed method is depicted. In Section V presents the conducted experiment and its results to evaluate our method with real user data. Finally, we conclude our paper and discuss about the future work in Section VI.
Ii Related Work
In literature, previous research such as [lu2013approaching], [ye2012situation], [lin2014mining], [pirozmand2014human], [zheng2015trajectory], [cao2007discovery] which were studying human mobility with mobile data, mainly focused on tasks such as extracting significant places, predicting next visiting places, predicting visit duration or clustering trajectories.
A widespread topic is to predict human mobility with the smartphone usage contextual information, e.g., temporal information, application usage, call logs, WiFi status, Cell ID, etc. In [baumann2018selecting] and [do2014and]
for instance, the researchers applied various machine learning techniques to accomplish prediction tasks such as next-time slot location prediction and next-place prediction. In particular, they exploited how different combinations of contextual features related to smartphone usage can affect prediction accuracy. Meanwhile, they also compared the predicting performance of individual models and generic models.
Another frequently-used method for such tasks is to use probabilistic models. Through calculating the conditional probabilities between contextual features, [do2012contextual] developed the contextual conditional models for the next-place prediction and visit duration prediction. In [do2015probabilistic] and [peddemors2010predicting]
, the researchers presented the probabilistic prediction frameworks based on kernel density estimation.[do2015probabilistic] utilized conditional kernels density estimation to predict the mobility events while [peddemors2010predicting] devised different kernels for different context information types. And in [mcinerney2013modelling], the authors developed a location Hierarchical Dirichlet Process (HDP) based approach to model heterogeneous location habits under data sparsity.
In addition, generative models can also be applied to predict human mobility. This type of models can be Naïve Bayes [muhlenbrock2004learning]yu2017modeling]
, Hidden Markov Model (HMM)[cho2016exploiting]
or Dynamic Bayesian Network (DBN)[etter2013go], [patterson2003inferring], etc. These generative models attempt to predict the future states of human behavior by computing the state transition probabilities. However, when the number of states expands, the calculation grows exponentially.
Among the other possible approaches, [zheng2009mining] proposed a Hypertext Induced Topic Search-based inference model for mining interesting locations and travel sequences using a large GPS dataset in certain region. In [do2014places]scellato2011nextplace] made use of nonlinear time series analysis of the arrival time and residence time for location prediction.
In particular, for clustering user trajectories, there exists several different methods. However, these conventional algorithms are not applicable to our objectives. For example, some researchers used K-means[jiang2012clustering], [ashbrook2003using] in their work, whereas K-means can not handle the trajectories with complex shapes or noisy data because it is based on Euclidean distance. Besides, it also need the pre-knowledge of cluster number, which is not acquirable in many cases.
Though DBSCAN [tang2015uncovering], [yu2017modeling], a density based clustering techniques, can deal with data with arbitrary shapes and does not require the number of cluster in advance. However, it still needs to set the minimum points number and neighbourhood radius to recognize core areas and it treats the non-core data points as noise. From our study, we argue that the trajectory parts with less data density are also essential to demonstrate the human mobility trajectories. And the grid searching algorithm [do2012contextual] focus on detecting the stay points within a set of square regions and fails to reveal the mobility at a larger scale.
In this paper we decided to focus on a probabilistic point of view. As compared to aforementioned previous works, we aim at describing the daily trajectories using their probability densities. Moreover, to discover the common mobility patterns shared among these trajectories, we devise an automatic clustering algorithm. As opposed to traditional clustering algorithms, our method is able to exploit more information from the sparse and noisy original GPS data and free from pre-defining clusters number.
Iii Problem Formulation
As expressed in introduction, our purpose is to discover the mobility patterns for each individual from their GPS location data.
As shown in Fig. 2, the mobility for one individual consists of many different trajectories (the data is from the MDC dataset, the detailed data description will be in following experiments). We believe that one’s daily mobility is rather regular and there are common mobility patterns shared among different daily trajectories. From a common sense, one may follow the regular daily itineraries, for instance, home-work place/school-home. Yet, on different days the daily itineraries may not be the same, for instance, on the way to home, one may take a detour to do shopping in a supermarket sometimes. Hence, our objective is to discover all the potential daily mobility from the data with location information.
We extract each day’s trajectory from the whole dataset as shown in Fig. 3. Fig. 3 reveals that a daily trajectories recorded by GPS data is not distributed evenly in space, and is even not continuous in some areas. It may be caused by the data collecting procedure: some data collecting time range is actually relatively short (less than 24 hours, in fact, only few hours sometimes), which leads to the data sparsity problem.
In order to overcome this problem and exploit as much information as possible from the GPS data, we argue that a reasonable way to describe the daily trajectories is to estimate the probability density of the location data. And the relationship among the trajectories can be represented by their probability densities. As a result, we can discover all the mobility patterns for each user.
The tasks in this paper will be as follows:
Task 1: Estimate the probability density for mobility for each day. We will compare results of GMM and IGMM.
Task 2: Measure the closeness between different trajectories. We will use the KD divergence as metrics.
Task 3: Discover the similar mobility patterns among all the recorded daily trajectories. This can be regarded as a clustering problem.
Task 4: Compare the IGMM algorithm with the GMM based algorithms.
Task 5: Identify the minimum data length for discovering all mobility patterns.
Iv Proposed Method
Iv-a Estimate Daily Trajectories Probability Density
We assume that the GPS location data points are distributed randomly spatially. Besides, the distribution of each day consists of unknown number of heterogeneous sub-distributions. Therefore, it is reasonable to adopt mixed Gaussian models for estimating probability density of daily mobility.
Iv-A1 Gaussian Mixture Model
A Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) is composed of a fixed number of sub components. The probability distribution of a GMM can be described as follows:
where, is the observable variable, is the assignment probability for each model, with , and is the internal parameters of the base distribution.
Let be the latent variables for indicating categories.
where, , in which only one element . It means is correspondent to .
If the base distribution is a Gaussian, then:
is the mean vector andis the precision matrix.
Therefore, an observable sample is drawn from GMM according to:
As it is illustrated above, one crucial issue of GMM is to pre-define the number of components . This is tricky because the probability distribution for each day’s mobility is not identical. Thus, to define a fixed for all mobility GMM models is not suitable in our case.
Iv-A2 Infinite Gaussian Mixture Model
Alternatively, we resort to the Infinite Gaussian Mixture Model (IGMM) [rasmussen2000infinite]. As compared to finite Gaussian Mixture Model, by using a Dirichlet process (DP) prior, IGMM does not need to specify the number of components in advance. Fig. 4 presents the graphical structure of the Infinite Gaussian Mixture Model.
In Fig. 4
, the nodes represents the random variables and especially, the shaded node is observable and the unshaded nodes are unobservable. The edges represent the conditional dependencies between variables. And the variables are within the plates means that they are drawn repeatedly.
According to Fig. 4, the Dirichlet process can be depicted as:
where, is a random measure, which consists of infinite base measure and is the hyper-parameter of
. In our case, it is a series of Gaussian distributions. Andis the concentration parameter. is the total samples number. is the parameters of base distribution. is the observable data for . is the latent variables that indicates the category of .
Alternatively, can be explicitly depicted as follow:
where, , and is Dirac function. determines the proportion weights of the clusters and the is the prior of the to determine the location of clusters in space.
We choose the Stick-breaking process (SBP) [sethuraman1994constructive] to implement the Dirichlet process as the prior for . The the Stick-breaking process can be described as follow:
Since is Gaussian, . Further, let be a Gaussian-Wishart distribution, then, . Therefore, similarly, draw an observable sample from IGMM:
Then, Variational Inference is used to solve the IGMM models. As compared to Gibbs sampling or to a Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method which consumes a large mount of calculating time, Variational Inference is relatively fast[blei2006variational]. The results will be demonstrated in the later experiments.
Iv-B Measure Daily Trajectories Similarities
The Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence is a metric to evaluate the closeness between two distributions. For continuous variables, the KL divergence the expectation of the logarithmic difference between the and with respect to probability and vice versa. From (9) and (10), it can be seen that the KL divergence is non-negative and asymmetric. In many occasions, the inequality of the KL divergence is notorious. However, in our methodology, on the contrary, we take advantage of the characteristics of inequality to reveal the similarities among different trajectories instead of the Jensen-Shannon divergence which is a symmetric metrics.
There is no closed form to implement the KL divergence by the definition of (9) and (10) for Gaussian Mixture Models. Instead, we resort to the Monte Carlo simulation method proposed in [hershey2007approximating]. Then, the KL divergence can be caculated by:
This method is to draw a large amount of i.i.d samples from distribution to calculate according to (11) and as . And it is the same for implementing (10) by using (12). The results will be demonstrated in the later experiments. Furthermore, if we define a representative trajectory for a mobility pattern then we can distinguish whether a new trajectory belong to this cluster by comparing it to the representative trajectory. To do so, we need to set a threshold with a lower bound and an upper bound for the KL divergence, then it can be used as the metrics to cluster mobility patterns.
Iv-C Discover Mobility Patterns
As mentioned before, our task is to find the trajectories which are mutually similar. For this reason, we treat the different mobility patterns as different clusters in which the daily trajectories are their sub-members. Even so, the trajectories within the same clusters still can not be treated as identically distributed as other conventional clustering methods because of different trajectory lengths. Hence, we need to devise a algorithm that is able to cluster the trajectories based on the distribution similarity and the aforementioned KL divergence can be applicable as closeness metrics. Note that due to the large data scale and the number of the potential clusters, a high accuracy solution is intractable sometimes. Therefore, instead of pursuing a very accurate result, our purpose is to reach a relative accurate result in a reasonable amount of calculating time.
The first step of the clustering algorithm is to calculate the probability densities using the Infinite Gaussian Mixture Models. At this step, we create a list, in which the members are the probability densities of each. Then, the first cluster is created with one trajectory as its first member and it also will be compared with other trajectories.
Afterwards, we select another daily trajectory in the list and calculate the KL divergences, both and . And the new trajectory is added to the current cluster if the minimum and maximum of the KL-divergences are smaller than the lower bound and upper bound of the thresholds at the same time, respectively. And if the is smaller than , the new trajectory become the benchmark for the current cluster. An alternative way to do this is to compute the probability density of the current cluster using all the data of the discovered trajectories, however, the calculation will be massive.
This step will be repeated until all the trajectories belonging to the current cluster are discovered at the end of this iteration. Then, all the members of the current cluster are removed from iteration because, we assume that each trajectories can only be a member of one mobility pattern. At the start of new iteration, a new cluster is created, repeat the above steps until the list is empty. Finally, all the mobility patterns are discovered.
|Number of data collecting day|
|Total GPS data (longitudes, latitudes|
|Probability density for|
|Total mobility patterns|
|Discovered mobility pattern|
|Threshold for distinguishing patterns|
As it can be seen that our algorithm is designed to discover the latent mobility patterns automatically without the pre-knowledge of the numbers of existing patterns.
V Experiments and Results
V-a Dataset Description
We use the Mobile Data Challenge (MDC) dataset [kiukkonen2010towards], [laurila2012mobile] to validate our method. This dataset records comprehensive smartphone usages with fine granularity of time. The participants of the MDC dataset are up to nearly and the data collection campaign lasts more than months. This abundant information thus can be used to investigate individual mobility patterns.
To collect the individual location information, as compared to other methods, for instance, through stand-alone GPS devices, using GPS-equipped smartphones is a more practical way to have a larger group of participants without affecting their daily life.
In our study, we attempt to find the trajectories that belong to the same mobility patterns, thus we focus the spatial information of the GPS records, namely, the latitudes and longitudes and the time-stamps of the data are not considered. Meanwhile, since we consider not only the significant places but all location records, we use the unlabeled data without any semantic information.
V-B Experimental Setup
In the conducted experiment, we randomly select users with sufficient data. And each user’s is segmented by the time range of one day. Fig. 5 demonstrates the number of data collecting days for each user. It can be seen that the data collecting days for most users are more than . And with such amount of data, we believe that it is possible to discover individual’s mobility patterns from it.
However, as it is illustrated in Fig. 6, the data length of each day varies from less than hours to hours. And most of them is less than hours. Hence, we also should be aware that some data can be missing because the GPS modules were turned off or were not functioning. Consequently, it is one of the reasons that cause the data sparsity problem. In the following part, we will prove that our method can mitigate the impact of data sparsity.
Table II summarizes the temporal information about the GPS data for conducting the experiments.
|Collecting days for all users||300.25 days||6005.0 days|
|Collecting hours per day for all users||6.93 hours||41595.0 hours|
|Collecting hours per day for each user||6.67 hours||2084.65 hours|
To test the performance of our method, we will conduct three experiments from different perspectives:
We compare the IGMM model with the GMM model on estimating the daily trajectories probability density.
We use that the KL divergence to measure the closeness of different trajectories.
We test our method on each selected user data so as to find the daily mobility patterns for each individual.
We compare the results of the IGMM models to a series of fixed-number components GMM models.
We run the algorithm on the varying-length datasets, in the aim to find the minimum data length for discovering most mobility patterns of one individual.
V-C Experimental Results
V-C1 Probability Density Estimation
Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 show the density estimation results obtained by GMM and IGMM, respectively. It can be seen that, compared to the GMM model, the result of the IGMM model is more smooth. It suggests that IGMM is not affected by the number of components and it infers more information from the original data and it is less influenced by data sparsity. That is to say, on the same dataset, the computational results of IGMM have higher fidelity. Hence, in our approach, we chose IGMM to estimate probability density of daily mobility.
V-C2 Measuring Daily Trajectories Similarities
As shown in Fig. 9, we select daily trajectories from the data of one random user to present the KD divergences between different trajectories. The baseline trajectory is the Trajectory 1 and the rest of trajectories are chosen to make comparisons.
|Trajectory 1||Trajectory 2||7.21||2.82|
|Trajectory 1||Trajectory 3||1.28||1.83|
|Trajectory 1||Trajectory 4||19.07||1269.47|
|Trajectory 1||Trajectory 5||3.08||996.17|
Trajectory 2 is nearly a subset of Trajectory 1 and thus is larger than . And their values are both small, thus Trajectory 2 and Trajectory 1 can be regarded to belong to the same mobility pattern. Trajectory 3 is very similar to Trajectory 1 and almost equals to . Hence, they also are the members of the same mobility pattern. Trajectory 4 share a small part with Trajectory 1 whereas generally they are very different. and are both very large. Therefore, it is reasonable to recognize Trajectory 4 and Trajectory 1 as different patterns. And Trajectory 5 is totally different from Trajectory 1. And is small but are very large. So they naturally are not in the same pattern. According to the trajectories in the Fig. 9 and the results in Table III, it shows that the KL divergence is able to illustrate the difference among trajectories and can be the metrics for clustering.
V-C3 Discovering Daily Mobility Patterns
We run our algorithm on the data of the users to discover their daily mobility patterns.
Discovered Patterns: The partial results for different randomly selected user data are demonstrated in Fig. 10. It shows that, after clustered by our proposed algorithm, the data is split into different mobility patterns. Each cluster is composed of trajectories close to each other even if they are not distributed with the same density in the space. That proves our methodology is able to find the different mobility patterns even under the condition of noisy data and discontinuous trajectories.
Fig. 10: Discovered mobility patterns from three random selected users. Different colors represents different days.
Fig. 11 shows that our methodology is not only able to identify the different patterns in the daily trajectories data but is also able to find the most representative trajectories for each mobility pattern.
Fig. 11: Representative trajectories for each discovered mobility patterns.
Number of Patterns and Trajectories: Fig. 12 shows the number of discovered mobility pattern for all the user in our experiments. We can see that the number of mobility patterns varies from to more than and most of them are about to . It also can be found that the lengths of data collecting days are not proportional to the number of discovered mobility patterns, which indicates that the results rely more on the individual behavior rather than the data length.
Number of members for each patterns: Fig. 13 depicts the number of members for each discovered mobility patterns for all users. We can see that most mobility patterns consist of less than trajectories. And nearly of the patterns have only one trajectory, whereas few patterns have more than trajectories.
One needs to notice that the number of discovered patterns depends on the Kullback-Leibler divergence thresholds we set in the clustering algorithm. When the thresholds are small, it means that the condition to be in the same mobility pattern is more strict and naturally the discovered mobility patterns are more and the member of each patterns are less, and vice versa.
V-C4 Comparison to GMM
To compare the Infinite Gaussian Mixture Models, we use a group of Gaussian Mixture Models with different numbers of components to estimate the daily mobility probability densities in our proposed clustering algorithm. The metrics we adopt to evaluate the results is the mean log-likelihood. The results show in Table IV that changing the fixed number of component Gaussian Mixture Models can not enhance the clustering performance. On the contrary, the Infinite Gaussian Mixture Models can improve the clustering performance.
V-C5 Varying Data Length
To investigate how the data length, namely, the number of days of the data, affects the results, we utilize different data lengths which varies from days to days. The results are shown in Fig. 14. It can be seen that, from -day data length to -day data length, the average discovered mobility pattern numbers increase as the data length grows. While, when the data length is larger than days, the patterns numbers change marginally. Thus, according to the results, we can say that, generally, a -day GPS dataset is large enough to discover most of the mobility patterns of an individual.
Vi Conclusion and Perspective
In this work, we presented a probabilistic approach to discover human daily mobility patterns based on GPS data collected by smartphones.
In our approach, the human daily mobility is considered as sets of probability distributions. The proposed approach is divided into three parts. The first step is to estimate the probability densities. We argue that the Infinite Gaussian Mixture Model is more appropriate than the standard Gaussian Mixture Model to this issue, this argument being besides validated by the experimental results. Further, in order to find the similar trajectories, one needs to measure the closeness between the trajectories. For this task, we chose the Kullback-Leibler divergence as distance metrics. According to the computational results from the selected trajectories, we validated, on test sets, that KL divergence is able to measure the similarities among the trajectories. Finally, we devised a novel automatic clustering algorithm combining the advantages of both IGMM and the KL divergence so as to discover human daily mobility patterns without having the knowledge of the cluster number in advance.
For validation, we select random individual data from the MDC dataset to conduct the different experiments. The results obtained show that our proposed approach can discern different mobility patterns and select the most representative trajectories for each mobility patterns from the GPS data. In addition, we also compared the IGMM based algorithm with a group of GMM based algorithms with various fix-number components, the results reveal that the IGMM model performs better. Finally, testing varying-length dataset on our methods leads to results which suggest that a -day GPS is generally sufficient enough to discover most of the individual daily mobility patterns.
We are aware of that human mobility is also a time-related behavior. Thus, as future work, we plan to take into account the temporal information, for example, hour of day and day of week. Based on that, we will try to build a spatial-temporal probabilistic model to predict human mobility. In addition, for further study, we may exploit other smartphone usage information (i.g., application usage) in the dataset to obtain more knowledge about human behavior.
The research in this paper used the MDC Database made by Idiap Research Institute, Switzerland and owned by Nokia. The authors would like to thank the MDC team for providing the access to the database.

domain: geography


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Lynden Gooch believes Sunderland are ‘dominating’ most of their games in the Championship this season and is confident the goals will soon start to trickle in.
Sunderland sit eighth in the table after their first 12 games – a position most fans would gladly have taken had it been offered this summer following their promotion from League One.
However, there has also been a lot of frustration in the sense that too many games that probably should have been won have only resulted in draws, meaning the Black Cats are probably sitting lower in the table than their performance deserved it.
Much of that has been attributed to the loss of Ross Stewart and Ellis Simms to injury, but Gooch believes the overall signs are only positive.
“I think it’s a sign that we’re all in this together and the way we’re playing, even though we might not give them three points, our performances are there,” Gooch said.
“We’re playing well and dominating most of the games we play, so that’s a very good sign.”
The latest frustrations came with two home draws in a week against Preston and Blackpool.
Scroll to continue
Both games turned into very physical battles and ultimately Sunderland probably did well to protect their clean sheet in both.
Gooch, however, like every other Sunderland fan, thinks a little more ruthlessness in front of goal will go a long way.
“Obviously we are disappointed [to have only picked up two points]I think most of us wanted six out of six points and after Saturday’s draw we were desperate to win,” he said.
“That’s how it went with two draws and I think if we keep creating chances the goals will come.
“It’s about being ruthless and taking those opportunities when we get them.”
ALSO READ: Jordan Henderson ‘hopes’ to play Sunderland again as he hails ‘good start’ to season
Be sure to follow Sunderland Nation on Twitter by click here.


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2020+ Explorer MRT No Drill Hood Struts
MRT No Drill Hood Struts: 2020+ Ford Explorer
MRT Part #80K102 -- The Original Hood Struts!
Most 2020+ Ford Explorer OE Factory Hoods
Vehicles with aftermarket hoods require special handling (Call MRT)
60 minutes, No special tools required!
Retail Price: $165.59
Price with Options:
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Black Carbon Fiber Effect [Add $72.00]
Factory Paint Color Code [Add $60.00]
Don't let your factory prop rod distract from all that power you've packed under the hood. Give your engine bay a clean, custom look with MRT Hood Struts for the 2020+ Ford Explorer, featuring the Original, "No Drill" design. Unlike other Hood Strut Kits in the aftermarket, the MRT Kit requires NO DRILLING for installation, meaning no holes drilled ANYWHERE. MRT Hood Struts easily installs in 30 minutes or less from start to finish.
These hood struts are designed to work with the factory OE hood and to reuse existing factory hood attachment points -- No drilling required! MRT hood strut brackets are made out of high-quality steel for the utmost durability and come standard with a quality Black Powder Coat Finish. Custom bracket colors are available for an additional fee and come in 2 options: Carbon fiber look or vehicle color matching. If a vehicle matching bracket color is desired, select a custom paint option and put the paint code you want in the order notes. Allow a 1-2 weeks lead time for custom painted brackets. >>FOR CUSTOM PAINT, PLEASE INCLUDE YOUR PAINT CODE IN THE ORDER NOTES AT CHECKOUT.<<
Most 2020+ Ford Explorer OE Factory Hoods
Aftermarket hood? Contact the sales team to determine proper gas strut sizing (you'll need to provide your Hood's weight.)
Can the bracket match my vehicle? Yes, custom colors are available for an additional fee.
How do I determine my vehicle paint code? 2-digit code is located in
the driver side doorjamb
Do I have to drill holes in my vehicle? No, MRT Hood struts reuse the existing OE attachments.
Is this product made in the USA? Yes, designed, crafted and manufactured in the USA at MRT's Plymouth, MI location
2020+ Explorer MRT No Drill Hood Struts Installation 80K102
What kind of material are the brackets made out of? High-quality steel and black PowderCoat finish for durability
Where is it made? Developed and handcrafted in-house at MRT facility in Plymouth, MI
Are they available for aftermarket hood? Yes, gas strut pressure may need adjustment, call MRT for assistance in sizing
How do I get noticed? Clean underhood appearance - no prop rod blocking your view or obstructing your engine work
What's the bracket finish? Black is standard, Carbon Fiber or vehicle matching option available with an additional fee
Will my Explorer be modified? MRT hood struts re-use factory attachment holes however, minor rear trim piece cutting required.
Can I install this myself? Yes, MRT engineered these hood struts for a simple do-it-yourself (DIY) installation
How long does it take to install? Approximately 60 minutes
What is included? All necessary hardware.
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Eliminate the factory hood prop and lift hood via MRT hood struts that require no drilling!
PowderCoat bracket finish with vehicle color matching finish available by custom order
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Genesis, the luxury high end brand from Hyundai Motors, revealed its first hydrogen fuel-cell plug-in concept SUV at the New York International Auto Show earlier this week.
It is abundantly clear from this latest unveiling that aesthetic design is fundamental to the creation of Genesis’ GV80 Concept SUV, and is intended to further define the brand’s “athletic elegance”. The company also credits the GV80 with technological innovation as well as the focus on personal experience with which Genesis is fast becoming known for. Further to this, there will be dedicated brand stores opening throughout the US in the near future.
Adding to the sense of personal experience, the car has 22-inch curved OLED infinity displays which show two different viewpoints, one for the driver and one for the passenger. The interior features its Human Machine Interface (HMI), designed to offer users intuitive operation and function options via the capacitive touch controller.
The SUV features specially designed vents that will allow optimum cooling while the vehicle sits on 23 inch mesh alloy wheels which should reduce overall weight while also cooling the brake system.
Source: Genesis USA
The brand’s move away from ICE vehicles has not been totally unexpected; many speculated that a PHEV was likely, with the potential even for a pure EV. Yet, the nature of the fuel is a little unusual. Hydrogen fuel-cell plug-in vehicles have not yet come into production and the world’s first commercial vehicle was only announced last year. Mercedes-Benz had promised a hydrogen fuel-cell plug-in hybrid, based upon its GLC SUV model, to reach production this year but there are rumours that the endeavour has been abandoned.
The unwillingness of automakers to develop this technology above and beyond viable production standards is likely because of the high costs involved and the possibility of incompatibility between the two propulsion systems. Many simply don’t want to take a chance without an established market in place. Customers actually looking into buying a Genesis vehicle are unlikely to balk at a high price tag – the brand is luxurious after all – but it remains to be seen if the company’s beautiful design can entice people away from combustion engines.
It could be that the GV80 is simply a way for Genesis to show off its design prowess. Altogether, with the lack of actual driving specifications, it suggests that the car will never go into production. Instead, this concept sets the company apart when the time comes for it to properly concentrate on low and zero-emission vehicles. It appears that Genesis intends to take this route, considering what Head of Genesis Brand, Manfred Fitzgerald, had to add, “This concept is an important milestone for the brand to share our vision of the future, introducing a further expansion of our product portfolio.”
According to its press release, Genesis will continue to study the benefits of similar alternative propulsion systems and eco-friendly technologies for future product applications.
It seems that Genesis is following after the flush of high-end (and slightly unlikely) concepts which have hit autoshows recently. Automakers embracing new technologies and design is brilliant to see, but they run the risk of appearing gimmicky. Unfortunately, the GV80 may be another example of a car company creating buzz around its brand rather than actually committing to the development of viable, affordable zero-emission cars.


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Screaming Eagle!$6.00 – $25.00
Colorful pop art print of a traditional tattoo American eagle with lighting bolts. Traditional style with bright modern colors.
High quality print on 100lb gloss cover paper for great detail and vivid color. Available in 12x16, 8x10 and 5x7 inches.
Follow us at https://www.instagram.com/setadriftart/
Supplied unframed. Colors may vary slightly from screen to print.

domain: artistic


text:
Set phasers to stun and beam youself to DeVos Performance Hall on Friday, April 5th for an unforgettable night with the one and only William Shatner, live on stage. Audiences will enjoy a screening of the classic film "Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan" on the big screen, follwed by a live conversation with the one and only "Captain James T. Kirk."
William Shatner will be sharing fascinating and humorous stories from portraying the original Captain Kirk in the "Star Trek" television series and movies, and from his career spanning over 50 years as an award-winning actor, producer, director and writer. Fans will also have the chance to ask Mr. Shatner their questions during the audience led Q&A. Don't miss your chance to see a Hollywood legend in this thrill-of-a-lifetime evening.

domain: entertainment


to connectVideoFox News Flash, important news, Jan. 22
Fox News Flash-main news, Jan. 22 are right here. Check out what to click on FoxNews.com
The sunken wreckage of the Titanic will be protected under a new treaty agreement between the United States and the United Kingdom.
For more than 100 years after the ill-fated ship sank to the bottom of the sea, when it hit an iceberg, with the formal agreement provides for the management and implementation of one of the world’s most important cultural sites.
“This important agreement with the United States of america for the preservation of the wreck, and this means that you will be treated with sensitivity and respect has to be paid to the final resting place of more than 1,500 lives,” said the Uk’s Maritime Minister, Nusrat Ghani, in a statement announcing the news Tuesday. “The united kingdom will work closely together with the other North Atlantic States, in order to have more protection on the wreckage of the Titanic.”
THE FAMISHED LIONS IN THE SUDAN, IS THE PROMPT GLOBAL CAMPAIGN TO SAVE THEM
New figures show that the deterioration of the wreck of the Titanic.
The Titanic hit an iceberg at 11:40 a.m., the ship on 14th April 1912 and sank on its maiden voyage of just over two hours later, with the loss of all things, but 706 of the 2,223 people on board, according to a Senate report to be released at the time. The Titanic, the incident had led to the establishment of the SOLAS (Safety of Lives at Sea) Convention of 1914, which set the minimum security standards that ships are required to meet the world.
“I am pleased that we are taking steps to protect the Titanic, which played such a famous part of Belfast is proud of its maritime history, the Secretary of state for Northern Ireland, Rt Hon Julian Smith, MP, said in a statement. “People come from all over the world at the Titanic Belfast visitor center, as well as the new measures are very much symbolic of its role in the city’s growing tourism industry.”
The wreck, which has attracted international attention since it was first discovered in 1985, is also attracted to carrion, and the others who are not respectful of the site, which is located about 12,500 feet below the surface, approximately 350 nautical miles off the Canadian coast of Newfoundland and labrador.
Robert Ballard, who first discovered the wreck, and, for a time, attacked his own submarine, the operators of the cause of the damage to the deck when the ship lands, and the Brisbane Times.
YOU SHOULD BE ABLE TO LIVE IN A LARGE MOLD, MEGASTRUCTURE?
The Titanic leaving Southampton April 10, 1912.
(Photo by Universal History Archive/UIG via Getty Images
THE TITANIC EXPEDITION, IT PRODUCES A SHARP, NEW IMAGES
The international agreement that has been negotiated since 1986, and was signed by the united kingdom in 2003, and has not been accepted by the united states in November of last year.
“This Agreement will strengthen the United States’ cooperation with the United Kingdom and the rest of the world is the preservation of the wreck site as an international maritime memorial to the men, women, and children, who were killed on board of the ship,” the State Department said in a statement at the time. “The RMS Titanic is one of the most important national and international historical, cultural, or scientific significance and for the benefit of the provision of protection.”
However, the new agreement will have to be tested to a US private company, is reportedly planning to cut open a section of the deckhouse roof to open up and retrieve the thousands of priceless items.
The survivors watch as the ship sank, as the ill-fated White Star liner, the Titanic plunges beneath the waves. Original Publication: Illustrated London News, 1912.
((Photo by Hulton Archive/Getty Images))
In the uk, it will not take a leading role in the united states, and France, in order to get them to ratify the agreement –, but the period of time from the sunken wreck.
Henrietta Mann, a researcher who co-discovered a new species of bacteria lurking in the “rusticles” that grows out of the wreckage, told the Brisbane Times that the boat may be only 30 years left before it disappears for good.
THE FOX NEWS APP


text:
- 1 lb. of compassion
- A cup of curiosity
- 1 oz. of introspection
- 2 lbs. of justice
- A large dash of courage
- Unpack your Invisible Knapsack
- Think about the ways some people benefit from privileges without even realizing it, by virtue of their race, their gender, their education level, their gender identity, and other factors over which they may have no control.
- Consider the ways privilege may show up in your life, both in the privileges you have and the privileges you don’t have.
- Be gentle with yourself. It’s easy to be overwhelmed by guilt when you begin to grapple with these kinds of questions.
- Think about ways to use your privilege to challenge the injustices you see around you. Can you amplify the voices of those who have
less privilege? Does your relative privilege make it safer for you to take action against injustice than it would be for others?
- Get ready to fight for a fairer, more just world!

domain: sociology


text:
Latest Spaceflight Stories
GREENBELT, Md., March 5, 2015 /PRNewswire-USNewswire/ -- Media are invited to hear leaders in the science and engineering world speak at the 53rd Robert H.
WASHINGTON, March 5, 2015 /PRNewswire-USNewswire/ -- A primitive ocean on Mars held more water than Earth's Arctic Ocean, according to NASA scientists who, using ground-based observatories,
A primitive ocean on Mars held more water than Earth’s Arctic Ocean, according to NASA scientists who, using ground-based observatories, measured water signatures in the Red Planet’s atmosphere.
DALLAS, March 5, 2015 /PRNewswire-USNewswire/ -- A NASA in-flight education downlink scheduled for 11:15 a.m.
SAN MATEO, Calif., March 5, 2015 /PRNewswire/ -- Marketo Inc.
WASHINGTON, March 4, 2015 /PRNewswire-USNewswire/ -- Media accreditation is open for the launch of NASA's next commercial cargo resupply flight to the International Space Station.
WASHINGTON, March 4, 2015 /PRNewswire-USNewswire/ -- The largest, most powerful booster ever built for NASA's new rocket, the Space Launch System (SLS), will fire up for a ground test at 11:30 a.m.
NASA's Curiosity Mars rover is expected to remain stationary for several days of engineering analysis following an onboard fault-protection action on Feb. 27 that halted a process of transferring sample material between devices on the rover's robotic arm.
WASHINGTON, March 4, 2015 /PRNewswire-USNewswire/ -- Three International Space Station crew members are scheduled to leave the orbiting laboratory Wednesday, March 11 after almost six months in space
A new experiment, scheduled to launch to the International Space Station in the spring, plans to take a long look at vision changes often experienced by astronauts during extended spaceflights, NASA officials announced on Tuesday.
Space exploration is the exploration and discovery of outer space by use of space technology and is conducted by both robotic spacecraft and humans. Astronomy, which is the viewing of objects in space from Earth, is thought to predate recorded history, but it was the inspiration to modern space exploration. Humans explore space for many reasons including the survival of humankind if Earth cannot sustain life, uniting nations, and scientific research. Physical space exploration began in...
Reptilians are depicted as reptile humanoid creatures that are used in science fiction, ufology, and in conspiracy theories. Sometimes reptilians are also called reptoids, reptiloids, or draconians. One of the first alleged contacts with a reptilian occurred in 1967 in Ashland, Nebraska. Police officer Herbert Schirmer claimed to have been abducted and taken aboard a UFO by reptile-like humanoids that had a winged serpent emblem on the left side of their chests. David Icke, a British...
Sir Richard Charles Nicholas Branson, born July 18, 1950, in Surrey, England, is a British business magnate and investor. He is best known as the founder and chairman of Virgin Group of more than 400 companies. His net worth as of 2013 is $4.6 Billion (US). He is the fourth (4th) richest person in the UK, according to Forbes Magazine. His first business venture was a magazine called Student at the age of 16. By 1969, Branson was living in a London commune, surrounded by the British...
Elon Musk was born on June 28, 1971. He is a South African-American inventor and entrepreneur. He is the founder of SpaceX and Co-founder of Tesla Motors and PayPal. He is also chairman of SolarCity. Musk attended Bryanston High School in South Africa, but graduated from Pretoria Boys High School. In the early 90s, Musk was educated at Queen's University in Kingston Ontario Canada and left Canada around 1992 to pursue Business and Physics at the University of Pennsylvania, where he...
Stephanie Wilson is an American engineer, a NASA astronaut, and the second African American woman to go into space. She was born Stephanie Diana Wilson on September 27, 1966 in Boston, Massachusetts. An astronomy professor she interviewed during middle school became her first inspiration to pursue a career in space. She graduated from Taconic High School in Pittsfield, Massachusetts in 1984, and then attended Harvard University, where she received a Bachelor of Science degree in engineering...
- The governor of a province or people.


In the next couple of years, many new EV models are going to be introduced in India and the government is promoting them via FAME-II scheme
Electric cars are going to be a big revolution in the auto industry and India is also moving in the same direction like global markets as manufacturers are planning to introduce so many new electric models in coming months as it is the only solution to reduce pollution. In this article, we take a look at the top 7 electric cars launching in India.
1. Hyundai Kona
Expected Price: Rs. 25 lakh (ex-showroom) Launch: H2 2019
Hyundai will be the second mainstream manufacturer in India to introduce EV model as Mahindra is already offering some EV models. The Kona EV is going to be the first electric car of Hyundai in the Indian market and reports have indicated that the company will assemble the model in India to keep cost low.
The Kona EV is expected to get FAME-II benefits, which will make the model attractive. Globally, Hyundai offers two battery packs and in India, the company might introduce the lower battery pack variant to reduce cost. The 39.2 kWh battery pack variant comes with 139 PS of power and the claimed range is 345 km. Expect the price to be around Rs. 25 lakh (ex-showroom) and launch will happen in the second half of this year.
2. Renault Kwid EV
Expected Price: Rs. 9-10 lakh (ex-showroom) Launch: Around 2021
Renault showcased the production version of Kwid EV at the Auto Shanghai. The upcoming model gets minor exterior changes compared to the regular version as the company has given new front grille along with redesigned headlamp cluster with LED headlamps and day time running LED lamps integrated into it.
The front bumper is also new and the rear gets tweaked tail lamps. The interior comes with minor changes and the company has packed the Kwid EV with lots of features also. According to Renault, the range of Kwid EV is 250 km and the charging port is located behind the logo. Renault also offers fast charging feature. We can expect it to launch sometime in 2021.
3. MG eZS
Expected Price: Rs. 30 lakh (ex-showroom) Launch: Q4 2019
MG officially announced earlier this month that the company is going to introduce eZS electric SUV in India and the launch is going to take place by December. The eZS is expected to come as a CBU model as depending on the success they might assemble it in India. The design theme of electric and ICE variant is the same.
The company has made minor changes at the front and rear along with new alloy wheels while the interior comes with an updated infotainment system and instrument cluster. The eZS is powered by 44.5 kWh battery pack and it produces 110 kW and 350 Nm, the claimed range is 335 km and it takes six hours to charge the battery pack using DC charger.
4. Maruti Suzuki Wagon R EV
Expected Price: Rs. 12 lakh (ex-showroom) Launch: 2020
The first electric vehicle from India’s largest car manufacturer in volume is going to the Wagon R EV and it will be launched in India next year as the company is currently testing the JDM-spec model of Wagon R EV to test the battery pack in different climate conditions and altitude, which will be used for development.
The company hasn’t given specifications about the Wagon R and it is expected to come with DC fast charging, which will be a big USP. The exterior is likely to be same as the ICE variant except for closed grille and new alloy wheels while the interior gets minor changes like new instrument cluster and tweaked infotainment system. It could be priced around Rs. 12 lakh (ex-showroom) as hints by recent reports.
5. Mahindra XUV 300 EV
Expected Price: Rs. 18 lakh (ex-showroom) Launch: H2 2020
Mahindra officially launched the ICE variant of XUV 300 earlier this year and the compact SUV is performing well. The company has already confirmed that the EV variant of XUV 300 will be launched in India and the works on the new model have already commenced as it is likely to be introduced early next year.
The company hasn’t given more details about specifications but some reports have indicated that the basic 380-volt battery pack is expected to give a range of around 200 km while the long-range version will give around 350-400 km, which is excellent and the company might offer fast charging option also.
6. Nissan Leaf
Expected Price: Rs. 30 lakh (ex-showroom) Launch: H2 2019
Nissan introduced the second generation of Leaf couple of years back and the EV has been spotted in India so many times. The Leaf will come to India as a CBU model and the launch is likely to take place later this year. The new model is powered EM57 electric motor as it produces 150 PS of power and 380 Nm of torque.
The claimed range of Leaf is 400 km and the company is also fast charging as it drops the charging time to just 40 minutes and 8 hours using a 6 kW charger. The design theme of Leaf is similar to other new generation Nissan models like Micra and the company has packed the EV with lots of features. Pricing could be in the upwards of Rs. 30 lakh (ex-showroom).
7. Tata Altroz EV
Expected Price: Rs. 18 lakh (ex-showroom) Launch: 2021
Tata Altroz EV made its global debut at the Geneva Motor Show last month and the production model will arrive in India by 2021. The upcoming model will be based on the modular ALFA platform. The company hasn’t given more details about the EV model as it is expected to offer a range of around 250-300 km.
The power comes from permanent magnet AC motor and it is mated to a single-speed transmission. The design theme of both ICE and EV model is exactly as it is based on the Impact Design 2.0. The hatchback is packed with lots of features like touch screen infotainment system, alloy wheels, car connectivity features etc. Expect the price to hover just under Rs. 18 lakh (ex-showroom).