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When the Cincinnati Bengals unveil their redesigned uniforms this offseason, the same iconic helmet will remain as a staple of the franchise.
The Bengals announced Thursday that the team will unveil redesigned uniforms. In a long-form piece from Geoff Hobson of Bengals.com, team president Mike Brown confirmed the helmet isn’t going anywhere.
Brown talked about the inspiration for the striped design:
“My father said he wanted a helmet that would take just one look to recognize us from the top seat in the stadium/ I think our helmet has stood the test of time. It has established our identity, our trademark, if you will, and that’s important to our fans.”
There wasn’t a realistic shot of the Bengals changing up the helmet alongside the jerseys. Based on the popularity of the “Color Rush” alternatives the team wears, the jerseys themselves figure to undergo smaller, modern changes.
Bengals equipment manager Adam Knollman noted the helmet’s reputation inside the NFL itself, per Hobson:
“I can’t tell you how may visiting locker rooms we go into and how many guys in there open up the bags and pull out the helmets and say something like, ‘This was my favorite helmet growing up,’ or ‘This is why I started rooting for the Bengals.'”
Helmet speculation, at least, is now over. It’s a layup of a move to keep the striped design fans like, as was deciding to do a jersey overhaul around the new era with Joe Burrow under center.

domain: design


text:
Heidi Klum is dancing for pleasure.
The “America’s Received Expertise” choose splashed round together with her husband Tom Kaulitz to have fun their third wedding ceremony anniversary, posing in a string of tiny bikinis through the couple’s tropical trip.
On Thursday, the 49-year-old supermodel posted a video of her dancing on Gene Kelly’s “Good Morning” in a tiny animal print swimsuit and matching wide-brim hat.
He captioned the cheery clip with quite a lot of enjoyable emojis together with unicorn, butterfly, solar, and extra.
Later, Klum posted a selfie and a close-up of his Dolce & Gabbana sun shades, together with the caption “The solar is out”.
Klum and Kaulitz are at the moment sunbathing in St. Barts for his or her anniversary, sharing many PDAs on social media alongside the way in which.
The previous Victoria’s Secret mannequin hasn’t been shy about posting horny photographs of the journey, celebrating her “scorching lady summer time” on social media.
The couple acquired married in a secret ceremony in February 2019, only a 12 months after they began relationship. They later organized a bigger wedding ceremony on a yacht in Italy with household and mates.
The Kaulitzes appear to be extra in love than ever, and not too long ago loved a sensitive night time in town.
Clearly nonetheless very a lot within the honeymoon part, Klum posted a candy video of the couple slowly dancing by the pool, writing, “So long as it is me and also you ❤ we really feel just like the luckiest individual on this planet.”

domain: celebrity


text:
Wednesday, October 31, 2012
Te Tai Tamariki Bookchat
Book Discussion Group
A Few Words - by Trevor Agnew
All my life I have found great pleasure in books, and it has always been my intention to join a book discussion group. Until now, I have never found a group prepared to take books for young people seriously.
Last month I found my ideal group. Te Tai Tamariki The Children’s Literature Trust offered a chance to join interested people in a discussion on The Duck in the Gun, by Joy Cowley and Robyn Belton, as well as When the Empire Calls by Ken Catran. We had a lovely wide-ranging discussion, with all kinds of surprising bits of information about both books bobbing up. It was an evening that was of great benefit to school librarians and teachers but could be enjoyed by anybody. It was informative. It was relaxed. It was fun. It was my ideal book chat group.
There was only one drawback – not many people came. In fact, if we don’t get better numbers, there may not be any more of these gatherings. So here are the details of the final discussion group. I’ll see you there.
The time: 6.30pm
The date: 7 November 2012
The place: Children’s Bookshop, 227 Blenheim Road Christchurch
(next to the Mad Butcher, lots of parking)
The books: Works of Margaret Mahy. What’s your favourite? What special memories do they evoke? Shall we talk about the three new books – Man from the land of Fandango, Mister Whistler, Footsteps through the fog?

domain: library


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5 reasons why we love Hagrid
Rubeus Hagrid, the loveable Hogwarts gamekeeper of Hogwarts, won our hearts from the moment he said, “Harry - yer a wizard”. Here’s just five reasons why we love him, but we could have gone on forever.
This article is all about Hagrid in the first book, so don’t worry about spoilers! For more family-friendly articles, visit our Harry Potter Reading Magic pages, where we’re currently studying chapters 4-6.
1. He is the first magical person that Harry properly meets
After a miserable time with the Dursleys, Hagrid is the perfect person to come and rescue him. And as a big man with ‘hands the size of dustbin lids’ and a grand bushy beard, he definitely knows how to make an impression! After the Dursleys try and run away from Harry’s Hogwarts letters, heading to the miserable Hut on the Rock, we will always be grateful that Hagrid found Harry (on his birthday, no less!) and gave him cake and sausages, alongside his Hogwarts letter, finally. What a wonderful way to find out you’re a wizard!
2. He loves magical creatures
Is there anyone in the wizarding world that loves magical creatures as much as Hagrid? Even when he first meets Harry, he casually mentions that he’d love to own a dragon. A dragon, Hagrid? Not a cute little kitten? Alright then... But that’s another thing we love about Hagrid: he adores creatures great and small and finds even the most scary and scaly of animals positively adorable. As you continue to read the first book, you’ll meet a few more of Hagrid’s animal friends... and they all come with their own surprises.
3. He bought Harry his owl, Hedwig
Speaking of animals, it was because of Hagrid that Harry got his beautiful, snowy owl, Hedwig. Hagrid bought him for Harry as a birthday present in Diagon Alley, which is helpful, as wizards and witches need owls to send and receive their letters. Plus, we couldn’t imagine Harry Potter without Hedwig, so we’ll always be grateful to Hagrid for picking such a cool pet for Harry – and for not getting him a dragon...
4. He has a flying motorbike!
Look, anyone who has a flying motorbike is alright in our book. Indeed, when we first meet Hagrid in the very first chapter of the first book, carrying a baby Harry Potter, it is this amazing vehicle that he arrives in. No wonder Harry has dreams about flying motorbikes many years later! Did you spot that?
5. He is always the kindest person in the room
It is always important to lead with kindness, and despite being a larger-than-life man, with a love of scary creatures, Hagrid’s best trait is how thoughtful and compassionate he is. The only times Hagrid seems to get angry is when he’s outraged about something unjustified – like how mean the Dursleys had been to Harry! But that’s Hagrid all over – a big man with a big heart. And we could all do with being a bit more like him.
What's your favourite thing about Hagrid?

domain: literature


text:
CIBC upgraded shares of CCL Industries (OTCMKTS:WIPKF) from a neutral rating to an outperform rating in a report published on Friday morning, The Fly reports.
WIPKF opened at $33.70 on Friday. CCL Industries has a 1-year low of $30.51 and a 1-year high of $36.83. The company has a fifty day moving average price of $34.68 and a two-hundred day moving average price of $33.91.
About CCL Industries
Winpak Ltd. manufactures and distributes packaging materials and related packaging machines in the United States, Canada, and internationally. The company operates through three segments: Rigid Packaging and Flexible Lidding, Flexible Packaging, and Packaging Machinery. The company offers medical packaging products, including thermoforming films, pre-made cups, lidding films, die-cut lids, pouches, central supply room wraps and draping films, and packaging machinery; pharmaceutical packaging products, such as blister foils, pouch stock products, child-resistant blister lidding products, and cold form laminates; and laminations for pouches and lidding applications for personal care products, such as cosmetics, skin creams, and shampoos.
Recommended Story: What is the S&P/TSX Index?
Receive News & Ratings for CCL Industries Daily - Enter your email address below to receive a concise daily summary of the latest news and analysts' ratings for CCL Industries and related companies with MarketBeat.com's FREE daily email newsletter.

domain: economics


Guest: Matt Taibbi, Rolling Stone Magazine comes on to discuss his article about the evils of Goldman Sachs (GS). We explore his rationale as well as his reasoning for the article. If you have not read it yet, this is an episode you do not want to miss. Plus, plenty of stock ideas and an in depth review of what may be a hidden gem. (It will surprise you)
Sponsor: Try GotoMyPC free for 30 days! For this special offer, visit www.gotomypc.com/podcast
Rolling Stone contributor Matt Taibbi, graduated from Bard College in New York in 1991; finished his studies at Leningrad Polytechnichal University in Russia. (LINK to Rolling Stone Article – HERE)
Taibbi worked as a freelance reporter in the former Soviet Union, including a stint in Uzbekistan, from whence he was deported in 1992 after writing an article for the Associated Press that was critical of President Islam Karimov. He returned to the United States in 1994 and worked for a time as an investigator in a Boston-based private detective agency.
In 1995 he went back to Russia and eventually resettled in Moscow, where he founded, with writer Mark Ames, an English-language satire newspaper called the eXile. eXile earned a reputation for hard-nosed reporting of corruption both in Russian government and the American aid community. The paper was the only publication to correctly predict the 1998 Russian financial crisis. In conjunction with the Russian paper Stringer, for whom Taibbi wrote in Russian, the eXile also wiretapped the telephone of Kremlin Chief of Staff Alexander Voloshin in 2001.
Taibbi returned to the U.S. for good in 2002 and founded the Buffalo-based newspaper The Beast. He left that paper a year later to work as a columnist for the New York Press, and eventually as a contributing editor for Rolling Stone.
Taibbi won the 2008 National Magazine Award for Columns and Commentary for three columns he wrote in Rolling Stone, “Worse Than Bush”; “My Favorite Nut Job”; and “Obama‘s Moment.” His New York Press column on George Bush’s prewar press conference, “Cleaning the Pool,” was included in the Best Political Writing 2003 anthology, and a year later he was named one of the 35 most influential New Yorkers under 35 by the New York Observer.
In his first original book, The Great Derangement, Taibbi dives into the heart of the American psyche in a madcap journey that brings into focus life in the American Empire, right here, right now.
Click below for the 14 minute virtual tour of The Disciplined Investor Managed Growth Strategy
Stocks mentioned in this episode: Goldman Sachs (GS), Bank of America (BAC), JP Morgan (JPM), General Electric (GE), Cintas (CTAS), Intel (INTC), Microsoft (MSFT), Google (GOOG), Apple (AAPL) and more….
3rd Quarter Economic Review and Commentary – Email Laura HERE for free your copy.
Get a copy of Andrew’s book:
The Disciplined Investor – Essential Strategies for Success
Disclosure: Horowitz & Company clients may hold positions in stocks mentioned as of the publish date.
** Special thanks to Laura for getting this interview arranged**


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text:
PUBG: NEW STATE, the next-gen battle royale, crosses over 20 million downloads in just 5 days
The third edition to the PUBG franchise, PUBG: NEW STATE launched last week and it's already hitting big milestones. Within just five days of release, the game has already accumulated over 20 million downloads and is ranked the #1 Top Game on both the App Store and Google Play in the U.S., South Korea, Japan, Germany, Saudi Arabia, and over 160 other countries.
PUBG: NEW STATE is still in its early days and the launch celebration events are still ongoing. These serve as a way for Krafton to thank all its fans for endlessly supporting the franchise. Check out all the regional events you can currently take part in:
Takedown: Troi: Available tomorrow, November 17th, the event will be hosted by Krafton Americas. It is a hybrid competition that will see the top nine NA PUBG: NEW STATE content creators battle it out in a unique format. The game will let the players do what they do best – create content. It is a two-phase competition which you can read more about here.
Play With Friends Campaign: This event is available until November 21st where players participating in these missions get a chance to win the #NewStateStyle emote and Chicken Medals, which is the in-game currency exchangeable at the in-game store for various items.
Describing the success of the next-gen battle royale has received, Executive Producer of PUBG: NEW STATE, Minkyu Park, said: “The game’s early success could not have been possible without the enthusiasm and support of our players worldwide. With PUBG: NEW STATE, we strived to create a compelling experience that sets a new standard for mobile battle royale games. For our future updates, we will work effortlessly to create new, fun features while improving the stability, optimization, and gameplay experience of the game.”Also, check out some of the best battle royales to play on mobile!

domain: news


text:
UFO Crash – Military Removes Dead Alien From Site.
2014 has been a very busy year for people who believe in life on other planets. There have been numerous reports of UFO sightings not only in the US, but around the world.
A recent photo is stirring up more controversy than ever. As it shows our military personnel removing a dead alien from a crashed spaceship.
The humanoid was found dead by the military team in the middle of the forest. The photo is sharp and clear and the alien is well defined.
The photo was leaked by an unnamed man on the team, who sent in a statement, “I am releasing this photo because this secret that the government has been hiding for almost 100 years needs to be exposed. We are capturing aliens on a regular basis, just to keep their presence a secret.”
He continued to say, “I may be killed for this. But it is my duty to serve the American people, not my government.”
What do you think about this photo?


3rd July 2013
Brazil: Gay ‘cure’ bill withdrawn before vote in Parliament 8
4:24 PM — A politician in Brazil who proposed legislation that would allow psychiatrists to treat homosexuality as a disease has withdrawn the bill.
20th May 2013
Czech President Milos Zeman criticised for homophobic snub of gay academic 8
5:24 PM — The president of the Czech Republic has been criticised over claims he refused to honour an academic with a title because the man in question is also a gay rights activist.
29th April 2013
UKIP blasted over ‘insulting’ and ‘disturbing’ homophobic, biphobic election leaflet 30
10:53 AM — Labour and the Liberal Democrats’ LGBT groups have criticised UKIP over an election leaflet that mocks bisexuals and attacks same-sex marriage.
20th March 2013
Pope Francis criticised for greeting Zimbabwean President Robert Mugabe 39
2:13 PM — Pope Francis has been criticised by human rights campaigner Peter Tatchell for meeting with President Robert Mugabe.
8th March 2013
Zimbabwean PM Morgan Tsvangirai accused of ‘hate speech’ by gay rights group 11
3:15 PM — Zimbabwean PM Morgan Tsvangirai has been criticised for denouncing homosexuality and reportedly saying marriage “should be between a man and a woman.”
8th February 2013
Australia: Anti-gay politician attempts to defend pro-marriage equality candidate from expulsion 11
2:44 PM — Bob Katter of Katter's Australian Party has stepped in to save senate candidate Steven Bailey after he made pro-equal marriage comments. The KAP has recently faced a backlash against homophobic comments made by its members.
31st August 2011
Anti-gay Puerto Rican senator blames ‘political enemies’ for naked Grindr photos 26
10:52 AM — A Puerto Rican senator who allegedly posted a picture of his naked buttocks on gay iPhone app Grindr says he is the victim of political enemies. New Progressive Party Senator Roberto Arango has not denied the images are of him.


It is quite essential for people to have at least one pair of waterproof socks. This is because you have to wear socks during different seasons and it is going to be useful during the moist climate of the winter as well as rainy seasons. Not just that, the waterproof socks are essential for those who go hiking and mountaineering as their boots get wet easily.
Waterproof socks prevent the water from reaching your feet, and therefore, you are unlikely to catch a cold. There are different types of waterproof socks available for different purposes like daily socks, hiking, hunting, trekking, and others. The following list contains the top1 0 best waterproof socks for different purposes.
Discover: Women Knee High Boots
Top 10 Best Waterproof Socks Reviews
10-Skyba Waterproof Socks Breathable Anti-Odor Insulated Crew Socks
Keep your feet free of odor by wearing this pair of waterproof socks while having rigorous outdoor activities. The waterproof membrane of the legwear also keeps your legs dry and comfortable all day long. Moreover, the organic bamboo fiber lining prevents the bacteria buildup. So, your feet stay breathable and odor-free. The polyamide-blended bamboo fiber lining feels soft and breathable to your skin.
The 3-layer construction of the socks also offers exceptional heat dissipation. So, you can stay cozy during fishing, hiking, biking, camping, and other outdoor activities. The seams and fitted heel pockets do not suffocate to your sensitive skin. You can wear socks during both summer and winter days.
- All-weather design for a comfortable experience.
- Advanced hygienic structure for a healthy experience.
- Durable construction for outdoor adventure.
9-DexShell Ultralite Waterproof Socks
The waterproof socks come with the construction of the seamless design. To deliver ultimate comfort, the legwear also offers enough flexibility to keep you comfortable during outdoor activities. Moreover, the lightweight construction does not make your legs feel heavy while doing several outdoor activities. The colored cuffs offer enough visibility. The moisture-wicking properties keep your feet dry and comfortable all day long.
The pair of the athletic sock also comes with Porelle membrane lining. Therefore, the socks offer enough warmth and breathability to keep you comfortable all the time. You can wear legwear while doing several outdoor activities, like riding, fishing, hiking, walking dogs, and biking. You can even run comfortably during the summer season.
- Unique odorless fabric for improved hygiene.
- Multifunctional design for superior comfort.
- Environment-friendly design with improved comfort.
8-Rocky Men’s Waterproof Socks
The waterproof socks come with a length of 11-inch. You can also simply throw the pair of socks into your washing machine. Moreover, the neutral color scheme of the socks easily matches with your everyday outfit. The exterior layer of the socks offers resistance against abrasion. By delivering long-lasting comfort, the legwear feels soft, breathable, and comfortable around your feet.
The elasticized ankles also keep the socks in a proper place. Furthermore, the moisture-wicking properties keep you comfortable and dry all day long. You can even wear this legwear during light downpours and other outdoor activities in wet conditions. The well-sewn, unisex and breathable socks offer resistance against wearing and tearing.
- Premium grade material for enhanced durability.
- Highly resistive construction for seamless adventure.
- Advanced protective layer for an added adventurous life.
7-Showers Pass Waterproof Breathable Cushioned Multisport Unisex Crosspoint Crew Wool Socks
Made from heavy-duty and water-repelling fabric, these waterproof socks offer a comfortable fit for individuals. By replicating the 3D foot shape, the socks also offer snug-fitting for all. Moreover, the merino wool lining of the socks keeps you dry, cool, and breathable. The triple-layer construction makes the legwear feel comfortable around your feet for hours.
The bonded construction also involves material construction, like polyurethane and merino wool lining. Furthermore, the exterior of the socks feels wear-resistant, waterproof, and windproof. The lining is hypoallergenic and wicks away moisture to prevent the buildup of germs. You can effortlessly wear this pair of socks for several outdoor activities, snow sports in wet conditions.
- Dynamic skin-friendly design for long-lasting use.
- Unique weather pro material for added comfort.
- Wear-resistant and maintainable design.
6-SEALSKINZ Waterproof Sock Windproof & Breathable
The mid-length waterproof socks have 3-layer construction. The outer layer of this legwear also offers exceptional resistance against water and wind. Moreover, the outer layer has the construction of premium-quality nylon, polypropylene, and Elastane fiber. The inner layer with acrylic, merino wool, nylon, and polyester and Elastane membrane construction feels very soft and breathable.
You can also simply wash the socks by using your washing machine. Furthermore, the elasticized ankle and instep offer additional support to your feet. The merino wool lining of the socks delivers enough breathability and wicks away moisture. The legwear offers resistance against wind and water. These socks come with a pull on the closure to offer a comfortable fit.
- Advanced-grade material for enhanced durability.
- Dynamic wet-proof design for additional comfort.
- Color variant and easily maintainable.
The athletic socks come with a gender-neutral design to fit the needs of both men and women. The legwear is also an ideal addition for water sportsmen, walkers, avid sailors, and walkers. Moreover, made from a high-quality stretchable fabric material, these socks promote proper air circulation. So, you can move your legs without any difficulty. The thermal layer of these socks offers enough warmth to keep you comfortable for hours.
These waterproof socks also come with the construction of high-quality Elastane and nylon-blended material. Furthermore, these moisture-wicking properties do not make you feel sweaty and itchy. You can stay odorless for hours while wearing this pair of breathable and waterproof socks.
- Redefined designed with advanced protective features.
- Improved healthy design for better hygiene.
- Multipurpose and multi-functional design for added comfort.
4-The Wudhu Socks Waterproof Sock Anti-Odor Socks for Ablution (Wudu) & Outdoor Activities
With a unisex construction, the pair of waterproof socks provide a comfortable fitting for everyone. The inner layer of this legwear also comes with the construction of bamboo fiber. Therefore, the hypoallergenic properties of the inner layer prevent the germs and bacteria buildup. So, you can stay itch-free and comfortable all day long. Moreover, the interlayer is of high-quality and flexible waterproof and breathable membranes.
Crafted with premium-quality nylon fabric, the outer layer of the legwear also offers ultimate resistance against water. Furthermore, the dynamic stretch does not block blood circulate and makes body movement lesser hectic. This pair of socks feels ultra-light and breathable. The odorless properties make the socks are ideal for outdoor activities, like trekking, hiking, mountaineering, cycling, gardening, and more.
- Advanced quality material for strength and durability.
- Low-maintenance design with healthy features.
- Weather-friendly and multi-use design for comfort.
3-RANDY SUN Waterproof Skiing Socks Unisex Knee Length Breathable Hiking Trekking Sock 1 Pair
Suitable for both men and women, this pair of waterproof socks offer a comfortable fit for all. With the help of a multi-layer moisture elimination system, you can also stay dry and comfortable all day long. Moreover, the outer layer of the socks has the construction of water-repelling nylon, Elastane, and polyester fiber. The breathable membrane lets air circulate properly to keep you comfortable.
The mid-weight construction also does not make you feel suffocating or slow down your movement. Furthermore, the multi-layer construction offers resistance against wind. So, you can stay warm and breathable during several outdoor activities. You can wear this legwear during several activities, like hiking, skiing, and trekking.
- Multi shade and sizes for overall comfort.
- Hypoallergenic material for a healthy experience.
- Versatile design for regular outings and adventure.
2-Bridgedale StormSock Waterproof Sock
The heavyweight, waterproof socks come with multiple-layer construction. The outer layer of this pair also has the construction of water-repelling nylon fabric. Moreover, the blended construction of these athletic socks includes polyester, merino wool, Elastane, Lycra, and Elastane membrane layering. By repelling water and moisture, these socks prevent the buildup of waterborne germs to keep you safe.
The moisture-wicking properties also keep your feet odorless and dry. Furthermore, the legwear with triple-layer construction lets air circulate through the membranes to keep you cozy all day long. The thicker socks require a pair of loose-fitting boots to offer comfortable feet. You can wear this legwear during winter days while going outside of your residence.
- Advanced compatible design for immense comfort.
- Engrossed dynamic properties for a healthy experience.
- All-weather purpose design for superior comfort.
1-Tanzant Waterproof Socks trekking, high-performance lightweight breathable waterproof sock
Made from nylon, polyester, Elastane, and Elastodiene fiber, these waterproof sock completely repel water and moisture. With a higher waterproof rate, this pair of socks is also breathable enough to keep you comfortable. Moreover, suitable for a wide variety of outdoor activities, the socks will not limit your body movement. The higher moisture absorbing rate reduces the bad sweaty odor from your feet.
You can also go fishing, kayaking, and other sorts of water activity while wearing these socks. Furthermore, the triple layers of construction make this pair of socks pretty thick. So, you will have to wear loose-fitting shoes when you wear them. These socks are quite useful while working in the rain.
- Multi-use design for a comfortable experience.
- Unique resistant qualities for improved longevity.
- Superior class fabric for enhanced durability and strength.
There are many who doubt the waterproof socks and whether they really work. However, the products we have enlisted are of high-quality and they perform as they have promised. Do take your time out to inspect the products and choose the best one as per your preference and requirements within your budget.


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domain: entertainment


Get Help:Ask a Question in our Forums|Report a Bug|More Help Resources
Last post Nov 17, 2012 03:49 AM by inungh
Nov 17, 2012 03:22 AM|LINK
I would like to know that data aware control only under data tab. Please let me know if I am wrong.
for example, text box, combo box are not data aware control, there is no data source for this contorls.
Only form view, grid view and detail view under data tab can connect to data source. all others I have to use SQL to link myself.
Your information and help is great appreciated,
Nov 17, 2012 03:35 AM|LINK
Yes ! Of Course.
data control has features to dsiplay group of data i.e gridview, datalits etc.,
even you can have label, or textbox inside the data controls, when you call the DataBind() of data control, internally it calls all its child control DataBind() to bind the values into control (i.e Binding expressions will be evaluated).
to individually show the values into textbox or label you need to write code i.e you can't assign datasource
Refer : http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc295567.aspx
Nov 17, 2012 03:49 AM|LINK
Thanks a million for helping and information,


Matt Belvedere is a veteran journalist at the intersection of where live television news programs and the Internet meet—developing and managing an online and social media presence for CNBC's flagship morning show, "Squawk Box."
Following years of cable and major market live TV news production, Belvedere started in 2007 the award-winning video department at usnews.com, the website of U.S. News & World Report. He also managed online strategies there at a time when the magazine was transitioning to a digital first organization.
Belvedere was nominated for a local Emmy as the Producer of morning ratings leader "News4 Today" at WRC, the NBC-owned station in Washington, D.C.
Prior to WRC, he started his career in TV production at CNBC, where he returned in the fall of 2011 as a producer on "Street Signs," before joining the digital team.
—Follow Matt Belvedere on Twitter @Matt_Belvedere
Dick Kovacevich, former Wells Fargo chief, blasts Donald Trump in a CNBC interview, saying he would not vote for the billionaire businessman.
The success of Alibaba in China and beyond is like the "American Dream," said Duncan Clark, author of the new book on "Alibaba: The House that Jack Ma Built."
The U.S. must make it more cost effective for American companies to bring overseas profits back home, former Treasury Secretary Hank Paulson says
Creating a culture that encourages workers to get more sleep can be a boon to your business, Aetna Chairman and CEO Mark Bertolini tells CNBC.
GOP presidential front-runner Donald Trump is "both a baffoon and dangerous," said Arianna Huffington, co-founder of The Huffington Post.


Do you want to become more adept in turkey hunting? Sometimes, combining your skills with the best equipment has been the secret, and we’re sharing them here with you right now. Depending on the local regulations in your area, the wild turkey is usually hunted during the spring or fall season. In the spring, male turkeys are usually the ones hunted and the spree coincides with the mating season of the species.
Choosing the best shotguns.
Remington 870 Express ShurShot Synthetic Turkey
There’s nothing to fear about missing the shot when you have the Remington 870 Express ShurShot Synthetic Turkey. It is ideal for hunters who are on the lookout for an affordable yet efficient turkey hunting gun. It features the name’s classic 870 action with a 21-inch barrel, alongside a convenient synthetic pistol grip stock. You can also take a look at the impeccable design, featuring a matte finish on the gun’s metalwork that is also great for camouflaging. The chamber houses three-inch shells.
Weatherby SA-459 Turkey
Perfectly designed for the ornate spring turkey hunter, the Weatherby SA-459 Turkey has several impressive features that include a fiber optic front bead, a rubberized pistol grip, a removable Picatinny rail, a CNC machined receiver made with aluminum, chrome-lined bore, and chrome-plated bolt. Plus, it also offers a gas system that works in dual-valve, proving effective at recoil reduction and provides a lightweight feature for the hunter. The company that sells it has been in the industry for more than five decades.
Browning BPS NWTF
Another all-time favorite is the Browning BPS NWTF, a gun that has been present for quite a while, specifically for around 40 years. It is suitable for rugged hunts due to its pump-action with a Mossy Oak Break-Up Country camo dip for concealment. It’s a strong gear to use and weighs seven pounds, 14 ounces, yet the recoil is manageable from magnum turkey loads. Like its predecessors, it is also equipped with a fiber optic bead.
Winchester SX4 NWTF Cantilever Turkey
The Winchester SX4 NWTF Cantilever Turkey features a huge bolt handle, a safety that is glove-friendly to make the operations a lot simpler, a bolt release button, a 24-inch barrel made with hard chrome-plated bore. It is also available in 12-gauge. When using the gun in the rear sight, it is made with a fiber optic material that also works equally great in front sight. Recoil reduction also goes smoothly with the Inflex recoil pad, and adjustable fit made possible with the stock spacers that come with it.
Stoeger M3000/M3500 SteadyGrip
The Stoeger M3000/M3500 SteadyGrip has been part of hunting missions in Argentina back in 2015. It is a reliable option for many hunters because of being laden with great festures. Physics also works side by side with this gun for the action during the hunt. It has a Realtree APG camp dip and SteadyGrip pistol grip for more convenience and stability when touching off loads of magnum. Moreover, both the M3000 and M35000 are equipped with 24-inch barrels in red fiber optic front sights.


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Leave a Review
Loved it! This is a definate keeper.
Delicious and easy to make - what could be better!
Update from my last review - I cheated & used small, precooked, deveined shrimp. I used someone else's idea and simmered it slightly in salted water & Old Bay Seasoning ... very nice! Did everything else, used hothouse cucumber(rather than jicama) & added some chopped tomatoes (removed seeds from both), added avocado to the serving, rather than mixing it in with the mixture. Added extra drops of Tapatio on each serving. YUM.
great recipe! use half lime half lemon, skip the olive oil and make home made ketchup! we didnt have ripe avocado...substituted with kiwi, mango and unripe avocado! delicious.
I've made this several times...no changes...fabulous! I always start my Christmas eve dinner with this recipe served in tall stemware. Very pretty and delicious.
Very good..I would too use less ketchup and more hot sauce.
The only reason i gave this four forks . . . . is because there's not five. THIS RECIPE SMITES ALL OTHER SHRIMP LIKE RECIPIES!! I cut the shrimp up before mixing it all together to eat it on tortilla chips. I was so impatient to eat this that I didnt even let it marinate for an hour. I do not regret it . . . my only regret is that I have lived my whole life without having made this recipe. Skip the wine pairing and have a tomato beer or margarita. Thank you Rick Bayless. Life is good!
I forgot to mention when I watched them make this in Mexico, the acid in the lime juice will 'cook' the shrimp and/or small scallops and even the Mexicans I knew in Cuernavaca used a little ketchup and their avocado was firm so cubing worked well and the avocado retained its color. Another option was to forgo the ketchup and add cubed mango.
Love the recipe - the only ingredient I would add is fresh deveined, seeded, minced jalapeno to taste
I wanted to serve this from a buffet at a casual party and found that chopping the shrimp and serving it with chips was all that needed to be done. The combination of flavors in the proportions recommended was just right to my taste. I would not bother to cook the shrimp as described again, though: trying to clean the steamed shrimp by scraping out the vein was tedious. It's easier to pull it out before cooking.

domain: food


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The Enders and Siklos (2001) asymmetric threshold co-integration model was applied to examine the long-term asymmetric equilibrium relationships between the U.S. and three major European and the U.S. and three major Latin American stock markets around the subprime mortgage crisis. First, from the major empirical results of our research, we have found that partially asymmetric co-integration relationships between the U.S. and European and the U.S. and Latin American stock markets has increased during the crisis, which partly supports the “contagion effect” and partly supports the “interdependence effect” of the international stock markets, which was proposed by Forbes and Rigobon (2001). Hence, the event of the subprime mortgage crisis enhanced partial co-movement between the U.S. and European and the U.S. and Latin American stock markets, except the Brazil stock market, which demonstrated only the interdependence effect with the S&P 500 index. Therefore, if the investors in these countries want to diversify risks by utilizing the investment portfolios of the stock markets in the U.S. and their own countries, they should cautiously consider the correlations of the categories of industries before making any investment during the subprime mortgage crisis. The subprime mortgage crisis, which is different from previous financial crises in emerging markets, reveals that the financial linkage of a country to the U.S. markets determines the degrees of contagion effects.
Studies on Financial Markets in East Asia, pp.19-39

domain: geography


Oz cops caught joking about Indian getting fried
According to a newspaper report, as many as 15 police personnel, including many highest-ranked officers, are set to face disciplinary action for circulating and joking about a racist and offensive e-mail through the police computer system.
According to the Herald Sun, the police officers circulated a video, which shows an Indian passenger on the roof of a train getting electrocuted as he touches the high-tension wires.
Besides having racist material, the e-mails were also pornographic, homophobic, and violent in nature, said the report.
Chief Commissioner Simon Overland has described the e-mail, being probed by by the Ethical Standards Department"s Operation Barrot, as "disturbing, offensive and gross".
Three superintendents and several inspectors were nabbed during an investigation.


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RPS Wars is an experimental war simulation and video game. It features three armies that follow the rules of Rock, Paper, Scissors with a twist. Each army is made up of four soldier types that move and attack according to different rules. Soldiers can also gain experience to become more effective in combat. The heavy use of artificial intelligence is such that the game could play itself if left alone. It was created as an attempt to prove that a new middleware called InfoSphere Streams could be used for video games, simulations, and other artificial intelligence programs.
I came up with the concept and developed most of RPS Wars as part of a scholarship/internship, provided by GCS Research, in 2011-2012. The game was developed in Java, SPADE, and SPL.

domain: game


05-01-2015 02:21 PM
Hi. I have a naked cable broadband connection (Wellington). I recently upgraded my Wifi-router from the standard issue Netcomm router to a Netgear 6300 ("AC1600 Wifi Modem Router") to get better wi-fi performance around the house.
The set-up has been unsuccessful in that I cannot connect to the internet (ie bring up any webpages in a browser), despite running the set-up wizard many times, checking and rechecking my static ISP settings, and much trouble shooting online and on the phone with Netgear.
The Vodafone instore 'Ninja' today suggested as the D6300 is a modem/router the modem part maybe conflicting with the vodafone-supplied Cisco cable modem. I would think that potential conflct would be null as my physical set-up is accounted for in the set-up manual supplied (ie the ISP's cable modem connects to D6300 via ethernet cable).
So I'm pretty much at a loss. Any suggestions are appreciated.
Solved! See solution
09-01-2015 09:27 PM
The R7000 they gave me worked straight out of the box so I'm happy. Can only assume the D6300 just isn't compatible as a vodafone cable router. Thanks for your assistance.
05-01-2015 04:41 PM
You're correct, the "modem" part shouldn't be getting in the way because you'll simply not be using it. Below is a photo of the back of the router. Just checking do you have a network cable going from the "Internet" socket on the router to your cable modem? You'll need to retrieve the settings for your connection from your old router and copy them into the new router. It might help to take some screenshots as you go.
05-01-2015 10:21 PM
Hi Dylan. Yes, the netwrok cable from the internet socket in the router is connected to the cable modem. I have retrived all settings from the old router as follows and input these manually but probelm remains.
|Attain IP Protocol||Static IP|
05-01-2015 11:42 PM
The D6300 indicator lights show that the router is connected to the internet (after entering the ISP settings for the first time the 'internet' light on front panel of D6300 router changes from solid amber to solid green) however, for whatever reason(s), this does not translate through to an internet connection to my computer. There are references to MAC address settings in the toubleshooting but I have had no luck when changing these either.
06-01-2015 11:09 AM
Please excuse me if I'm repeating stuff that you've already tried!
Can you ping an IP address on the Internet like 188.8.131.52? Just wondering if it could be a DNS issue - I noticed you have two dns server addresses listed in the "primary" dns section?
08-01-2015 12:26 PM
Are you able to shut the Cisco modem and Netgear off for 30 seconds?
When you turn them back on, turn the Cisco on first, wait for 4 solid green lights then turn on the Netgear.
This may resolve the issue. I can see everything set up correctly on our end and in the Netgear is seems
Let us know how you get on
09-01-2015 02:40 PM
Yes I have tried that. I even disconnected all cables from the Cisco modem as recommended elsewhere. I went back to JB HiFi today and they have swapped it for another Netgear AC router, this time without an in-buillt modem. I'm really hoping this one will be hassle free.
Copyright © Vodafone New Zealand Ltd


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Heavy-duty wood treatment chemicals are among the deadliest chemicals in wide use. Pentachlorophenol (penta) is one such chemical that, despite being banned in 26 countries as a probable carcinogen, U.S. company’s use to protect wood products from insects, microorganisms, and decay.
In 2002, NELC filed suit against Bellingham, WA-based Oeser Company, a wood treater that used penta despite the availability of safer alternatives. Our lawsuit charged Oeser with exceeding its Clean Water Act permit limits for penta, and discharging the chemical into Little Squalicum Creek just before it runs through a public park where children play. After a site visit, NELC amended the compliant against Oeser to add a claim under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA), alleging that the company was also depositing penta directly onto its treatment area and storage yard in violation of RCRA’s ban on land disposal of untreated hazardous wastes.
Mindful that Oeser is a small company already facing significant financial liability, NELC negotiated a consent decree that required Oeser to devote its limited resources to on-site improvements rather than monetary penalties. Under that decree, Oeser hired professional engineering consultants to identify sources of penta in Oeser’s discharge, investigate options for reducing penta contamination, and develop and implement a long-term plan to ensure compliance with federal clean water and hazardous waste laws.

domain: law


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1. When you think “Seattle Music” what band/song do you think of?
Oh god, I honestly don’t think I hear any music. All I see is plaid shirts and beards. Maybe a faint 3 part harmony telling me to go get some coffee and stare out the window longingly wondering what my life would…
In the Simpsons universe, the proprietor of King Toot’s Music Store, the establishment right next to Moe’s Tavern, has never been seen, but that’s going to change in the upcoming season.
Will Forte has been cast as the owner of King Toot’s. So, naturally, given The Simpsons comedic strategy with neighbors, King Toot’s and Moe’s should have plenty of fun in an all out rivalry, despite selling different products.
Wonder what the writers will have to say about this development?


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I loved to work with the sketch for August double page at Stick it Down, and the photos taken when we visited Svalbard two years ago.
I have used papers from Kaiser Craft and BoBunny, which I got in a kit from Swirlydoos. The chipboard is from the same kit.
Here is the lovely sketch:
The chipboards are colored with mists from Kaiser craft and I had some micro beads from Prima on them. I have used a stencil and some stonepaint from Art Anthology on the background. On the paint I have had som Mica powder from Prima before the paint dried.
This piece of chipboard have I used as a frame on the background paper, showing Svalbard on the map.
The journaling tells about the Esmark glacier. The glacier is about 15 km (about 10 miles) long.
With this page I also enter in Sommerland at Scrappeland, challenge #1 , documenting.

domain: artistic


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Neuros Medical, Inc., a medical device company announced it has received an Investigational Device Exemption (IDE) approval from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for their implantable generator. The device, named Altius™, delivers patented high frequency Electrical Nerve Block™ technology for patients suffering from chronic pain.
Neuros recently announced the results of their long-term pilot study which focused on patients afflicted with chronic amputation pain. 7 out of 9 study subjects, utilizing an external generator, reported significant pain reduction (defined as 50% or greater) observed for up to 12 months of evaluation. The study demonstrated no safety issues over the treatment period. Study subjects reported an average pain score reduction of 6 to 1 (an 83% pain reduction) based on a 0 to 10 Numerical Rating Scale. In addition, more than half of the subjects discontinued their narcotic pain medication use during the study. Subjects enrolled in the long-term pilot study will now be able to utilize the implantable generator.
Jon J. Snyder, President and CEO of Neuros Medical, said, “We are extremely pleased with the IDE approval and look forward to converting the pilot study participants to the Altius implantable device, continuing to provide long-term pain relief to those suffering from chronic amputation pain.” About Neuros Medical, Inc. Neuros Medical, a Cleveland, Ohio based neuromodulation company, is focused on developing proprietary therapies for unmet needs to patients worldwide. The Company’s patented platform technology, Electrical Nerve Block, is focused on the elimination of chronic pain in a variety of conditions including amputation pain, post-surgical pain, migraine, and trigeminal neuralgia.


IR photodissociation (IRPD) spectra of (N(2)O)(2)(+) x Ar and (N(2)O)(n)(+) with n=3-8 are measured in the 1000-2300 cm(-1) region. The (N(2)O)(2)(+) x Ar ion shows an IRPD band at 1154 cm(-1), which can be assigned to the out-of-phase combination of the nu(1) vibrations of the N(2)O components in the N(4)O(2)(+) ion; the positive charge is delocalized over the two N(2)O molecules. The geometry optimization and the vibrational analysis at the B3LYP/6-311+G(*) level show that the N(4)O(2)(+) ion has a C(2h) structure with the oxygen ends of the N(2)O components bonded to each other. The IRPD spectra of the (N(2)O)(n)(+) (n=3-8) ions show three prominent bands at approximately 1170, approximately 1275, and approximately 2235 cm(-1). The intensity of the approximately 1170 cm(-1) band relative to that of the other bands decreases with increasing the cluster size. Therefore, the approximately 1170 cm(-1) band is ascribed to the N(4)O(2)(+) dimer ion core and the approximately 1275 and approximately 2235 cm(-1) bands are assigned to the nu(1) and nu(3) vibrations of solvent N(2)O molecules, respectively. Since the band of the N(4)O(2)(+) ion core is located at almost the same position for all the (N(2)O)(n)(+) (n=2-8) clusters, the C(2h) structure of the dimer ion core does not change so largely by the solvation of N(2)O molecules, which is quite contrastive to the isoelectronic (CO(2))(n)(+) case.


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Managing Agroecosystems for Soil Microbial Carbon Use Efficiency: Ecological Unknowns, Potential Outcomes, and a Path Forward
- 1Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
- 2Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada
- 3Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
- 4Department of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, United States
Agricultural systems are increasingly managed for improving soil carbon (C) accumulation. However, there are limits to C returns in agricultural systems that constrain soil C accumulation capacity. Increasing the efficiency of how soil microbes process C is gaining interest as an important management strategy for increasing soil C and is a key feature of soil C dynamics in many new microbial-explicit models. A higher microbial C use efficiency (CUE) may increase C storage while reducing C system losses and is a fundamental trait affecting community assembly dynamics and nutrient cycling. However, the numerous ecological unknowns influencing CUE limit our ability to effectively manage CUE in agricultural soils for greater soil C storage. In this perspective, we consider three complex drivers of agroecosystem CUE that need to be resolved to develop effective C sequestration management practices in the future: (1) the environment as an individual trait moderator versus a filter, (2) microbial community competitive and faciliatory interactions, and (3) spatiotemporal dynamics through the soil profile and across the microbial lifecycle. We highlight ways that amendments, crop rotations, and tillage practices might affect microbial CUE conditions and the variable outcomes of these practices. We argue that to resolve some of the unknowns of CUE dynamics, we need to include more mechanistic, trait-based approaches that capitalize on advanced methods and innovative field research designs within an agroecosystem-specific context. By identifying the management-level determinants of CUE expression, we will be better positioned to optimize CUE to increase soil C storage in agricultural systems.
Annual agricultural ecosystems often deplete soil carbon (C) and release more reactive nitrogen (N) into the water and atmosphere than unmanaged, perennial ecosystems. Yet, we also rely on these ecosystems for global food security and they represent the largest stock of soil C we can directly manage to mitigate climate change. Can we resolve this dichotomy, creating a win-win scenario whereby agroecosystems remain productive while contributing to climate change mitigation? To address this grand challenge, agroecosystem soil biology is increasingly being managed to better regulate soil C and nutrient cycling (Wallenstein, 2017). Many approaches focus on soil C regeneration through increased residue returns and biomass production (cover crops) and decreasing C losses via reduced disturbance (no-till). The outcomes of these approaches do not always produce net C gains, and soil C accumulation is not always a linear function of inputs, in part because there are important and overlooked factors regulating the balance between inputs and outputs. One key determinant of this balance is the internal soil C cycling regulated by microbial C use efficiency (CUE), the proportion of C substrate microbes assimilate into new biosynthetic material relative to C lost out of the system as CO2. Microbial CUE directly affects the portion of C produced by net primary productivity (NPP) that becomes soil organic C, but we remain unable to predict its response to different combinations of agricultural practices.
Microbial CUE principles are emerging from laboratory evidence, conceptual and quantitative models, and, to some degree, field-based experiments (Cotrufo et al., 2013; Abramoff et al., 2018; Malik et al., 2018). Yet, the practicality of this knowledge for successfully implementing agricultural C sequestration requires addressing uncertainties in how CUE is manifested within an agroecosystem context. In this perspective, we highlight where our knowledge remains underdeveloped, lacking the intricacies of microbial community abiotic, biotic, and spatiotemporal interactions that might be central to accurately predicting management outcomes on CUE. We consider these uncertainties vis-à-vis potential management scenarios that may optimize CUE in agroecosystems. There are many methodological challenges and a lack of a commonly accepted CUE definition that have been recently addressed (e.g., Sinsabaugh et al., 2013; Geyer et al., 2016, 2019), but here we focus on the broader influences of land management on CUE that continue to challenge C sequestration management in agroecosystems. If these challenges can be resolved, we may be able to enhance CUE through agroecosystem management tools, and thus increase the efficiency of soil C processes.
C Use Efficiency as a Core Trait to Achieving Sustainable Agriculture
Because harvesting limits the proportion of NPP-derived C that is returned to agricultural soils, increasing the efficiency of how microbes process C inputs is a critical approach for enhancing soil C storage. Recognizing this, many theoretical and process-based soil C models now represent CUE as a central regulator of soil C storage and decomposition dynamics (Cotrufo et al., 2013; Wieder et al., 2015; Abramoff et al., 2018). The influence of CUE on soil services is not just limited to soil C dynamics. Essentially a biosynthesis/uptake ratio, CUE determines microbial fitness and assembly (Shade et al., 2012; Wallenstein and Hall, 2012), crucial factors when considering agricultural practices intended to shift the soil microbiome (e.g., through microbial inoculums). Since CUE can be coupled to microbial cellular nutrient use efficiency (NUE), it may also influence soil N cycling as microbes adjust their CUE and NUE accordingly to maintain stoichiometric balances, affecting nutrient turnover and plant available N (Mooshammer et al., 2014).
Given the recognized importance of CUE, we present three themes we believe require deeper exploration to more effectively and predictably manage for optimal CUE in agroecosystems for increased soil C accumulation: (1) the environment as a trait moderator versus a filter, (2) biotic interactions, and (3) spatiotemporal dynamics.
Examining The Complexities of C Use Efficiency in Agroecosystems
The Environment As a Trait Moderator Versus Filter
Microbes are increasingly being grouped by their functional traits, any measurable heritable feature – including CUE – of an individual microbe, often affecting their fitness and performance (Krause et al., 2014). The interplay of the abiotic and biotic environment both filters and modifies how these traits emerge. Agricultural soil management (e.g., fertilization regime) can act as an environmental filter, determining the abundance of individual microbial taxa that collectively contribute to community-level CUE. For instance, long-term mineral fertilization can filter out some phyla such as Acidobacteria while selecting for a greater abundance of Betaproteobacteria (Ramirez et al., 2010; Francioli et al., 2016). But CUE is not determined by microbiome composition alone. Environmental changes can modify the existing community’s CUE through microbial trait plasticity. For example, stresses such as drought can increase maintenance energy requirements, thus lowering CUE (Schimel et al., 2007). As each individual approaches the edge of its trait window under changing conditions, competition from other taxa looms. The resultant community shift introduces new CUE limits to the system (Figure 1A). CUE is therefore an expression of microbial responses to the surrounding environment, and also the inherent physiological traits of the individuals of the community selected for by the environment (Allison, 2014).
Figure 1. Trait moderating and trait filtering across a changing environment. Environmental change influences CUE by (1) modifying the existing community (trait modification) and/or (2) by selecting for a new community with different life histories (trait filtering). The community CUE response depends on whether trait moderating or filtering occurs [Panel (A)]. As an example, high-quality (1/C:N) inputs such as poultry manure may increase the intrinsic CUE of all community members (trait moderating) but may also shift the community toward one dominated by inefficient members (Species B) (trait filtering) [Panel (B)]. At the other end of the resource quality spectrum, applications of high C:N resources such as corn stover might shift the community toward more efficient microbes (Species A). Yet this community may still be C or N limited and thus have a lower CUE relative to its maximum potential. A community-level CUE “sweet spot” may exist in the middle that enhances the efficiency of all members without over-selecting for inefficient microbes or creating resource limitations.
One common way agricultural practices modify the soil environment is through altering microbial resource availability. Low C:N inputs like manure theoretically result in a higher organismal CUE (Sinsabaugh et al., 2013). Consequently, it has recently been proposed that agricultural practices providing high-quality inputs (e.g., low C:N) facilitate a higher CUE and, in turn, soil C accumulation via greater microbial biomass production (Cotrufo et al., 2013; Kallenbach et al., 2015; Wood and Bradford, 2018). However, several deviations to this principle have been observed, where higher C:N substrates or less bioavailable C corresponds to a relatively greater CUE (e.g., Lipson et al., 2009; Keiblinger et al., 2010; Creamer et al., 2015; Bölscher et al., 2016; Kallenbach et al., 2016; Bonner et al., 2018; Takriti et al., 2018). These observations could be explained by trait filtering, whereby a resource-poor environment selects for a greater abundance of efficient microbes, overriding the direct control of resource on individual CUE.
While field-based evidence remains thin (cf. Lipson, 2015), many classical microbiology culturing and chemostat experiments show wide variability in inherent microbial CUE limits (Geyer et al., 2016). These limits are often used to define life-history traits where, for example, microbes with a higher upper CUE limit are characterized as slower growing and dominate in resource-limited, oligotrophic environments (Roller and Schmidt, 2015). Populations thriving in more resource-rich environments are often described as having a relatively lower maximum CUE and sometimes higher cellular N requirements (Keiblinger et al., 2010). Thus, any shift in community composition toward or away from populations with intrinsically different CUE could alter how community-level CUE is manifested (Figure 1A). Scenarios where resource inputs promote trait filtering may thus explain the observed variation in CUE response to resource quality. High-quality resource inputs may improve individual CUE (trait modification) but could also over-select for populations with inherently lower CUE limits, lowering community-level CUE (Figure 1B). This potential shift between resources promoting individual versus community CUE needs to be considered when interpreting new conceptual and quantitative models that link resource inputs to CUE and C accumulation (e.g., Cotrufo et al., 2013; Campbell et al., 2016). The challenge in targeting an optimal community-level CUE by altering resource availability is to better understand the threshold where the environment shifts from acting as an individual trait moderator to a community filter.
A diversity of inputs representing a wide range of C and nutrient availability and chemistry might facilitate a balance between individual and community-level CUE optimization (Figure 1B). Practices such as diversifying crop rotations or mixing legume cover crop biomass with corn or wheat residues could provide resources that promote species with different life histories to coexist. Each member can thereby approach its individual maximum CUE potential (Figure 1B). Thus, community CUE might be maximized just before a threshold in community shift occurs, where a diversity of inputs provides resources for each member to realize their optimum CUE without shifting toward an overabundance of inefficient microbes.
Biotic interactions directly alter how and when fitness traits are expressed. It is thus reasonable to assume that such interactions will modulate individual and community CUE (Frey et al., 2001; Buchkowski et al., 2017). In soils, many different competition relationships with varying strength likely occur over space and time, yet the consequences for CUE are relatively unexplored. In one of the few studies to directly test this, fungal competition increased CUE but only under indirect competition, when no single species was universally weak, while direct competition decreased CUE (Maynard et al., 2017). The greater the system heterogeneity, the more likely indirect competition will occur (Allesina and Levine, 2011). If CUE is positively related to indirect competition, as opposed to direct competition favored in more homogenous environments, greater soil heterogeneity may foster a higher CUE. More structured heterogenous environments also theoretically favor k-strategists outcompeting R-strategists, characterized by a relatively lower CUE (Pfeiffer et al., 2001). The CUE response to competition could thus depend on which competitive behavior dominates in the soil and who wins. But are agroecosystems tractable enough to feasibly manage the nuances of microbial competition for distinct CUE outcomes?
As soils are already heterogenous systems, efforts to manipulate competition dynamics for optimal CUE might be most effective in agroecosystems that are relatively limited in their inherent heterogeneity (e.g., young soil, 1:1 minerals, high sand content). In such cases, the above competitive dynamics expected to favor a higher CUE might not be well supported. Practices such as tillage reduction could create a more heterogenous environment with potentially positive effects on CUE via improved aggregation, increased pore size diversity, and by altering distribution of “hot spots.” Further, leaving more residues on the soil surface creates distinct resource zones through the soil profile (Williams et al., 2016). Chemical diversity also enhances soil heterogeneity (Nunan, 2017). Diversification of inputs or inputs with a diversity of unique chemical compounds may similarly promote indirect over direct competition or favor k-strategist decomposers, with potentially positive outcomes for CUE.
Microbes can enhance one another’s fitness through faciliatory interactions such as cross-feeding – for example, when one population alters a resource making it more bioavailable for another population (McIntire and Fajardo, 2014). Microbial facilitations can increase the spatial extent of a realized niche and generate new metabolic niches, valuable where resources would otherwise be limiting (Bruno et al., 2003). For example, at later decomposition stages, most bioavailable residue C is exhausted but accumulated microbial biomass may allow late-stage decomposers to maintain a relatively high CUE if that labile microbial biomass turns over (Kaiser et al., 2014). Assumptions that CUE declines with decomposition time might not necessarily be accurate when considering the range of faciliatory interactions that occur during community succession and the by-products left behind by preceding communities.
For facilitation to occur, microbes also need to occupy a similar space to access and benefit from newly generated resources, requiring close microbial interactions (Folse and Allison, 2012). More interactive microbial networks are thought to improve ecosystem function and potentially CUE (de Vries and Wallenstein, 2017; Morriën et al., 2017). In much of the soil though, microbial abundances are low, access to resources are limited, and metabolism is highly constrained. Practices that increase the amount and diversity of inputs into the resource-limited bulk soil may enhance both microbial abundances and niches that facilitate closer networks and cooperation. For example, instead of surface compost applications, incorporating compost into the soil could promote a microbial habitat analogous to the rhizosphere where more faciliatory interactions are likely to occur (Wallenstein, 2017).
Microbial connectivity can also be influenced through other management approaches. The rhizosphere area can be expanded through diverse cropping systems with distinct rooting depths and architecture that minimize the bulk soil space where faciliatory interactions may be limited and CUE depressed. Integrated livestock systems can also affect the spatial and temporal distribution of root C, though grazing effects on root dynamics vary considerably with grazing management system (Piñeiro et al., 2009). Enhancing the movement of dissolved organic C and water into the bulk soil, by altering wetting (via irrigation), redox, and rooting patterns could further stimulate greater microbial connectivity and cooperation by increasing resource availability and microbial movement in water films (Manzoni et al., 2014).
Microbial community interactions are varied, and we do not yet know which types of interactions (e.g., competition versus facilitation) might support higher community CUE, let alone how to target desired biotic interactions through agricultural practices. In reality, biotic interactions might be sparse given that microbes occupy a small portion of the total soil surface area and have limited movement (Nunan, 2017). In the bulk soil, environmental controls may be the dominant influence on CUE, with biotic controls stronger in the rhizosphere or where connectivity is greater (Sokol et al., 2019). The needs for evaluating biotic effects on CUE are first to determine where and when biotic controls override abiotic factors, which and when a specific biotic interaction increases CUE and over what time period, and ultimately if we can effectively facilitate these biotic interactions through management.
C Use Efficiency Through the Soil Profile
Isolating management efforts to the crop rooting zone may result in soil C trade-offs at deeper soil depths, affecting total soil C sequestration. If we target management practices that enhance CUE at the soil surface, we may inadvertently reduce CUE at deeper depths. The environment becomes increasingly harsh for microbes with increasing soil profile depth that likely favors more efficient oligotrophs. However, even with an intrinsically higher CUE, oligotrophs might not be functioning at their optimum CUE, or may even be dormant, given high resource constraints deeper in the soil.
Reducing tillage and maintaining crop residues on the soil surface might intensify these conditions, further constraining the oligotrophic population’s CUE. Rather, increasing organic materials deeper in the soil profile with tillage could enhance the fitness and CUE of the microbial community at depth. Indeed, van Groenigen et al. (2013) have shown declines in CUE with depth under reduced tillage wheat systems but CUE increases with depth under conventional tillage. Introducing perennials into cropping systems or managing livestock grazing to facilitate greater rooting depths will also increase organic inputs at depth. In a pasture-based system, Spohn et al. (2016) show no effect of depth on CUE, perhaps due to a large belowground investment and subsequently reduced oligotrophic zone. While there are multiple benefits to reducing tillage, some data suggest that reduced tillage does not consistently increase total C stock but rather results in more C concentrated near the soil surface (Powlson et al., 2014). Perhaps declines in CUE with depth are greater under no-till systems and explain why we do not always observe overall increases in soil C. We do not argue for increasing tillage but believe that understanding tillage effects on the final fate of crop residues may involve underappreciated, complex microbial mechanisms and that tillage may have benefits to improving CUE at greater soil depths.
Still, optimizing CUE through more of the soil profile may have its trade-offs. For instance, priming of existing soil organic matter at depth may occur in tandem with increasing CUE (Fontaine et al., 2007). Currently, there is limited information describing CUE with depth and thus several outcomes can be considered. For policy makers, climate change forecasters, and soil extension agents, this is an unproductive position to be in. To help define systems that increase soil C stocks and do not simply redistribute it, we need to invest more efforts into understanding management effects on CUE beyond the crop rooting zone and their potential trade-offs.
C Use Efficiency Temporal Variability
The fate of C assimilated into microbial biomass depends on the soil stabilization capacity (e.g., texture and mineralogy), but also changes over time, as CUE likely fluctuates with temporal environmental changes. The C used for biosynthetic microbial materials may not necessarily remain within a cell, as it can be later exploited for catabolic processes during times of resource limitations (Joergensen and Wichern, 2018). Agroecosystems oscillate between periods of high and low resource availability and microbes are most often C limited, especially during the nongrowing seasons. As such, soil microbes spend much of their time in a state of dormancy, slow growth, or in feast-to-famine cycles. Though energy is conserved during dormancy, significant energetic costs occur during transition into and out of dormancy (Lennon and Jones, 2011). During dormancy, biomass production halts and C previously stored in biosynthesized materials can be recycled or spent during maintenance metabolism (Kempes et al., 2017). Accordingly, with shorter dormancy periods, relatively more new biomass can be produced and reductions in endogenous metabolism may occur. Moreover, dormancy may delay microbial biomass turnover, reducing the production rate of dead microbial cells. This, however, represents another area of uncertainty. While it is reasonable to predict that dead microbial cells are more likely to stabilize on minerals than living cells, more research is needed to understand the relationships between CUE and microbial biomass turnover that can significantly influence both the short- and long-term rates of microbial C accumulation (Hagerty et al., 2014).
Including cover crops, managing compost inputs as multiple split applications, or integrating perennial crops into rotations could moderate off-season C limitations, reducing the time microbes are dormant (Figure 2). Steep declines in CUE associated with resource exhaustion may also be reduced by extending the length of time crop residues and other organic inputs persist in the soil (Figure 2). Maintaining a relatively lower CUE but a longer period of metabolic activity, may result in more microbial-derived C accumulation than managing for a higher CUE for a shorter time (Figure 2). A more active community for a longer time period evokes the soil C dilemma – “should we hoard it or use it” (Janzen, 2006) – and reminds us that many agroecosystems are ultimately constrained by low C inputs relative to their natural counterparts. However, here, under higher C:N inputs, the microbial community is active longer but presumably growing slower (Figure 2). Consequently, the same quantity of added C may still last longer compared to a community that becomes dormant earlier after rapidly metabolizing the same quantity of added C (Figure 2). Moreover, a higher CUE does not necessarily translate to more C transferred to microbial biomass. A relative increase in CUE can occur with lower gross C uptake coinciding with lower respiration rates but no change to biomass production. In considering soil C accumulation via microbial inputs, such a scenario would have no meaningful benefit. Thus, it is important to not only understand CUE in terms of the amount of C being processed but also the rate, and finally the fate of assimilated C over time.
Figure 2. Theoretical temporal dynamics of CUE under different resource inputs and timing. Single additions (arrows) of high-quality (low C:N) inputs early in the season result in a higher initial CUE but faster decomposition rate [Panel (A)]. Without replenishment, the microbial community will experience C limitations more quickly, reducing CUE, biomass production, and increasing biomass recycling [Panels (A,B)]. Such a decline in off-season microbial biomass production counteracts the benefits of a relatively higher early-season CUE associated with higher quality residues. This potentially reduces the overall annual amount of C inputs ending up as microbial stable C. Alternatively, a lower quality input results in a lower initial CUE but continues to provide a C source longer due to slower decomposition. Thus, annual cumulative CUE and biomass production may be relatively greater with lower quality inputs [Panels (A,B)]. Perennial or cover crop systems (repeated inputs) provide a more constant resource, effectively alleviating C limitations throughout the year, allowing microbes to delay metabolic dormancy and maintain a relatively higher CUE.
Basic Science and Trait-Based Research for Agroecosystems
Microbial CUE has system-wide effects on agricultural sustainability, yet how CUE is manifested within an agroecosystem context is idiosyncratic given the numerous interactions that arise between the environment, the individual microbe, microbial community membership, and management changes. We can begin to unravel the complexity and challenges of predicting management controls on CUE by directing efforts toward more basic research in soil agroecosystems. Agricultural experiments designed to address more fundamental ecological questions could isolate leverage points to manipulate for desired agroecosystem services (Fierer et al., 2009). Moreover, such experiments would identify trends and principles useful for predicting system responses (e.g., CUE) to disturbances such as tillage and drought.
One path to advance fundamental ecological concepts in agroecosystems is to apply a trait-based approach. Already recommended in multiple microbial models (Allison, 2012; Wieder et al., 2015; Treseder et al., 2018), a trait-based framework has had slow adoption in agricultural ecosystems which arguably stand to benefit the most given the high degree of human-induced variability and malleability for ecosystem services. Understanding the underpinnings and dynamics of microbial traits could be an effective way forward in shaping our principles of agroecosystem soil C and N cycling (Krause et al., 2014). More so than community composition and perhaps even function, microbial traits such as stress tolerance, growth rate, dormancy, and CUE can improve predictions of microbial performance in response to management shifts and affect outcomes of community assembly and competition (crucial for pest management and microbial inoculant applications) (Wallenstein and Hall, 2012; Fontana et al., 2018). A framework focused on linkages between management and microbial traits will allow us to better describe, predict, and manage the relationships among critical soil services, the microbes that drive them, and the environment under which they are manifested.
Innovation and Creativity
Advanced analytical approaches such as network analysis, stable isotope probing (SIP), flow cytometry, and nanoSIMS are already being applied to better link biogeochemistry and the environment with microbial traits, spatial organization, and ecology (Stiehl-Braun et al., 2011; Behrens et al., 2012; Starr et al., 2018). Recent studies using DNA-SIPs and “omics” approaches have, for example, linked plant exudation and microbial C uptake traits to microbial community assembly dynamics (Zhalnina et al., 2018) and demonstrated bacterial faciliatory interactions important for taxon-specific soil C transformations (Pepe-Ranney et al., 2016). Increasing the intellectual investment and training in these methods, especially within an agricultural context, is an obvious requirement moving forward. Less obvious is the need for these techniques in combination with creative field experiments intended to test mechanistic hypotheses, in addition to purely monitoring management outcomes (Fierer et al., 2009). For example, soil transplant experiments have provided valuable insight on microbial stability and decomposition dynamics (Waldrop and Firestone, 2006; Liang et al., 2015), but are rare and could help inform the boundary between abiotic and biotic controls on CUE. Similarly, we need to emphasize capturing spatial and temporal resolution to gain a more systems-based perspective of how microbes are interacting with each other and the environment (Gonzalez et al., 2012; Schipanski et al., 2014).
Given that principles (and methods) around CUE remain undeveloped and poorly tested, directing soil management outcomes based on CUE assumptions should be done with caution. The reality is that the current state of knowledge is too limited to accurately predict CUE responses in the field. As we move forward, recommendations to improve soil C sequestration and effectively engineer rhizosphere microbiota and enhance nutrient efficiency will require increased efforts in understanding fundamental soil-microbial processes within an agroecosystem context, emphasize a trait-based approach, and increase the use of advanced methods and innovative field research designs. By resolving CUE unknowns associated with abiotic and biotic forces and temporal and spatial dynamics, we will be better positioned to predict management outcomes for CUE and thus more reliable practices to increase soil C storage.
CK, MW, MS, and AG contributed to ideas and manuscript writing and editing.
This work is supported by the USDA-NIFA Postdoctoral Fellowship program [grant no. 2017-67012-26111/project accession no. COL0-2016-04691] from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture.
Conflict of Interest Statement
The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
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Keywords: soil ecology, carbon sequestration, CUE, agriculture, microbial biomass, crop diversity, tillage
Citation: Kallenbach CM, Wallenstein MD, Schipanksi ME and Grandy AS (2019) Managing Agroecosystems for Soil Microbial Carbon Use Efficiency: Ecological Unknowns, Potential Outcomes, and a Path Forward. Front. Microbiol. 10:1146. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01146
Edited by:Per Bengtson, Lund University, Sweden
Reviewed by:Bobbi Helgason, University of Saskatchewan, Canada
Evgenia Blagodatskaya, University of Göttingen, Germany
Copyright © 2019 Kallenbach, Wallenstein, Schipanksi and Grandy. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
*Correspondence: Cynthia M. Kallenbach, email@example.com

domain: agronomy


text:
Moles May Be Harbinger of Higher Breast Cancer Risk
Studies found that women with more moles on their arms had slightly higher chance of malignancies
By Amy Norton
TUESDAY, June 10, 2014 (HealthDay News) -- The number of moles a woman has on her skin may hint at her risk of developing breast cancer, new research suggests.
In two separate studies, American and French scientists found that the more moles a woman had, the greater her average risk of breast cancer. In one study, women with 15 or more moles on a single arm were 35 percent more likely to develop breast cancer than women with no moles.
While the connection between moles and breast cancer is not obvious, experts pointed to one plausible explanation: estrogen.
The hormone is known to feed the growth and spread of many breast tumors. And there is also some evidence it influences mole growth; moles tend to get larger and darken during pregnancy, for instance.
"They could be a marker of lifetime exposure to estrogen," said Barbara Fuhrman, an assistant professor at the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences in Little Rock.
But that's speculation for now. And there could be other underlying reasons for the association -- even some kind of genetic factor, said Fuhrman, who wrote an editorial published June 10 with the studies in the online journal PLOS Medicine.
Her advice to women with numerous moles on their skin: "Don't panic. This is very interesting biologically, but it probably doesn't tell us a lot about an individual woman's risk of breast cancer. It probably tells us more about the general etiology [causes] of breast cancer."
A cancer expert who was not involved in the research agreed. "It's an interesting study. I've never seen this association before," said Dr. Subhakar Mutyala, associate director of the Baylor Scott & White Cancer Institute in Temple, Texas.
However, Mutyala said, "a lot more research" is needed before the findings could be used in routine practice.
There's no proof, he stressed, that women with a lot of moles should start breast cancer screening earlier or have it more often.
"It's not clear how this would fit into current screening recommendations," Mutyala said.
In one of the studies, researchers led by Jiali Han, of the Indiana University Simon Cancer Center in Indianapolis, looked at data on more than 74,000 female nurses in the United States.

domain: medical


On Monday, Abdi Guyo gave KTN and exclusive, where he claimed to be Big Brother winner, Dillish Mathews long lost dad. He said he fathered her when he was a peacekeeper in Namibia, between 1989 and 1990. He even narrated how he met Selma – Dillish mum. However, Dillish took to Twitter saying there was no way Guyo was his dad. She said that her father was of Somali origin.
“Why is this weird dude claiming to be my dad! My dad is Somali! Where did he fall from haaaaaaai ” she tweeted. However, her mother yesterday confirmed what Guyo had been saying, through a Google hang out organized by Standard Group.
Guyo and Selma (Dillish mom), chatted and laughed, and at the end of the day, the Rongai man got an invite for Dillish’s 23rd birthday one week from now.
Following those developments, Dillish again took to twitter – this time to swallow her earlier words. She acknowledged that she was a Borana girl, and not Somali as she had initially thought.
WoW! This has been a learning experience! I la la laaaaa love my life 🙂 — Dillish Pearl Monroe (@Dillish_lishy) September 4, 2013


text:
GHB vintage Horse Head
The Horse Head hex sign means ” To Bring Good Luck to the Livestock”. This hex sign is excellent for horse farms or horse lovers or any animal lover! This hex sign is no longer produced and we have a limited stock. This item is NOT NEW but in very nice condition.
All hex signs are made of wooden masonite board and are meant to be hung outdoors. We recommend avoiding direct contact to excessive weather and for longer lasting protection to place clear acrylic on all sides and edges.
Out of stock

domain: hobby


text:
Detroit's Datsyuk has surgery on ankle
DETROIT (AP) "” Pavel Datsyuk had surgery on his right ankle and is expected to be re-evaluated in three months.
The Detroit Red Wings confirmed Datsyuk's operation Friday, saying it was to repair ruptured tendons in the ankle.
Datsyuk, who turns 37 next month, had 26 goals and 39 assists in 63 games last season. He hasn't played 80 games in a season since 2010.
The Red Wings still depend on Datsyuk and Henrik Zetterberg for veteran leadership and offensive production, but the team has added younger talent like Gustav Nyquist and Tomas Tatar in recent years, and Detroit will have a new coach next season in Jeff Blashill, who took over after Mike Babcock left this offseason.
Also Friday, the Red Wings re-signed center Joakim Andersson to an $815,000, one-year contract.
Andersson had three goals and five assists in 68 games last season.
The three-month timetable before Datsyuk is re-evaluated would put him right up against the start of next season. The Red Wings open their preseason schedule at Chicago on Sept. 22, and their first regular-season game is Oct. 9 "” at home against Babcock and the Toronto Maple Leafs.