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Where is titanomagnetite found?
Titanomagnetites are common magnetic minerals in igneous and metamorphic rocks.
What is Titanomagnetite used for?
Titanomagnetite ores have been actively used as a raw material for cast iron, steels and vanadium salt production for centuries [1,2].
What is the chemical formula for ilmenite?
Ilmenite is an iron-oxide mineral of the oxide and hydroxide group with structural formula (Fe,Ti)2O3. The structure is similar to that of hematite, where the two Fe3+ in hematite are replaced by one Fe2+ and one Ti4+ in ilmenite.
Is Maghemite magnetic?
Maghemite exhibits ferrimagnetic ordering with a high Néel temperature (~950 K), which together with its low cost and chemical stability led to its wide application as a magnetic pigment in electronic recording media since the 1940s.
What is titanomagnetite ore?
Titanomagnetite is a mineral containing oxides of titanium and iron, with the formula Fe2+(Fe3+,Ti)2O4. It is also known as titaniferous magnetite. It is part of the spinel group of minerals. The Curie temperature for titanomagnetite has been found to have a wide range of 200 to 580°C.
Does sand contain iron?
However, it does have another, unique source of iron: beach sand composed of a type of iron oxide called titanomagnetite.
What is ironstone rock?
An ironstone (76) is a sedimentary rock that contains more than 15% iron, which may be present as variable proportions of iron-bearing minerals such as goethite, siderite, and berthierine.
How is ilmenite processed?
In the flowsheet as shown in Figure 21, the feed is firstly processed by wet low-intensity drum magnetic separation to concentrate vanadic titano-magnetite, and then is effectively processed through an SLon pulsating high-gradient magnetic separation flowsheet, in which 67.87% by mass weight of the feed is discarded as …
What does ilmenite look like?
Ilmenite is a black mineral with a submetallic to metallic luster. With just a glance it can easily be confused with hematite and magnetite. The differentiation is easy. Hematite has a red streak, while ilmenite has a black streak.
What is the difference between maghemite and hematite?
Magnetite is an iron oxide with the chemical formula Fe3O4 whereas hematite is an iron oxide with the chemical formula Fe2O3. Magnetite iron is in +2 and +3 oxidation states whereas, in hematite, it is only in +3 oxidation state. This is the key difference between magnetite and hematite.
What is the difference between magnetite and maghemite?
Maghemite (γFe2O3) is the ultimate low-temperature oxidation or weathering product of magnetite. It has an inverse spinel structure similar to magnetite but has a defective lattice with one ninth of the Fe positions in the lattice being vacant with cell dimension a = 8.337Å.
What mineral group is Titanite in?
Physical Properties of Titanite
|Chemical Classification||Calcium titanium silicate.|
|Diagnostic Properties||Luster, hardness, color, dispersion.|
|Uses||Minor ore of titanium. Minor gemstone.|
How do you calculate the formula for titanomagnetite?
The generalized formula for titanomagnetites is usually given by the relation x Fe 2 TiO 4 (1- x )Fe 3 O 4 or the equivalent Fe 3-x Ti x O 4, where x (0 < x ≤ 1) is the composition parameter giving the fraction of ulvöspinel represented at the point in the series or the mole fraction of Ti 4+.
What is a titanomagnetite?
Titanomagnetites are a common constituent of igneous and metamorphic rocks and are therefore a prominent detrital component in sediments. B.M. Moskowitz, V. Chandler, in Treatise on Geophysics (Second Edition), 2015 Titanomagnetites are common magnetic minerals in igneous and metamorphic rocks.
What is ilmenomagnetite?
In general, ilmenomagnetite is an Fe-, V-, and Ti-rich oxide that originally crystallized as titanomagnetite (magnetite-ulvöspinel solid solution), but was oxidized during the subsolidus stage to form composite grains of fine ilmenite exsolutions in a V-bearing magnetite host (Buddington and Lindsley, 1964 ).
Where can I find titaniferous magnetite?
Titaniferous Magnetite, etc. Otanmäki Mine, Otanmäki granite, Kajaani, Kainuu, Finland Titaniferous Magnetite Michelsberg Quarry, Katzenbuckel, Eberbach, Rhein-Neckar-Kreis, Karlsruhe Region, Baden-Württemberg, Germany

domain: chemistry


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VTT has long experience in development of inkjet printable functional inks including printable enzymes. Also a method for controlling liquid flow on paper has been developed by VTT. This method is based on printed channel boundaries that guide flow of liquids such as water, blood, urine or other suitable liquid analyte. This technology can be used to manufacture inexpensive and simple-to-use diagnostic devices and tests that can provide results by visual colour change. This provides possibility for point-of-care or home testing. Use of paper based diagnostics has been proven to work for e.g. glucose indication in laboratory scale. Furthermore, VTT has studied and developed enzymes suitable for use in diagnostic devices. Many of the enzymes can be applied by using different printing technologies. The objective of this study was to demonstrate the feasibility of paper based diagnostics in pilot scale by utilizing roll-to-roll flexography printing and industrial scale inkjet printheads. A successful glucose sensor demonstrator was realized.
|Title of host publication||30th International Conference on Digital Printing Technologies (NIP 30)|
|Subtitle of host publication||Digital Fabrication and Digital Printing|
|Publisher||The Society for Imaging Science and Technology, IS&T|
|Publication status||Published - 2014|
|MoE publication type||A4 Article in a conference publication|
|Event||30th International Conference on Digital Fabrication and Digital Printing, NIP 30 - Philadelphia, United States|
Duration: 7 Nov 2014 → 11 Nov 2014
Conference number: 30
|Conference||30th International Conference on Digital Fabrication and Digital Printing, NIP 30|
|Abbreviated title||NIP 30|
|Period||7/11/14 → 11/11/14|
Hakola, L., & Lehtinen, K. (2014). Printed paper based glucose sensor manufactured in pilot scale. In 30th International Conference on Digital Printing Technologies (NIP 30): Digital Fabrication and Digital Printing (pp. 254-257). The Society for Imaging Science and Technology, IS&T.


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|Sponsored by the HealthcareTrainingInstitute.org providing Quality Education since 1979|
At first, Susie's teachers thought she was a bright child. Her adoptive mother knew different. Give Susie a set of instructions and only a few seconds later she would have forgotten them. She was talkative, with a large vocabulary, but could not seem to form lasting friendships. Then, one day, Susie's adoptive mother heard a lecture that described fetal alcohol syndrome — a condition which affects some children born to heavy drinkers. "Bells went off in my head," she says. "The lecturer described eight traits, and my daughter had seven of them."
Children like Susie could well be just the tip of the iceberg. Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD) was once thought to affect only the children of heavy drinkers, such as Susie's biological mother, but a mounting body of research suggests that even a small amount of alcohol can damage a developing fetus — a single binge during pregnancy or a moderate seven small glasses of wine per week.
The new research has already prompted some governments to tighten up their advice on drinking during pregnancy. Others, however, say there is no convincing evidence that modest alcohol intake is dangerous for the fetus. With advice varying wildly from one country to another, the message for pregnant women has never been so confusing.
Whichever guidelines women choose to follow, some level of drinking during pregnancy is common in many countries. The last time pregnant women in the UK were asked, in 2002, 61 per cent admitted to drinking some alcohol. Even in the US, where abstinence is expected, and where pregnant women in some states have been arrested for drinking, 13 per cent still admit to doing it.
Children with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD) are generally smaller than average and have a range of developmental and behavioural problems such as an inability to relate to others and a tendency to be impulsive. They also have distinctive facial features such as a thin upper lip, an extra fold of skin in the inner corners of the eyes and a flattening of the groove between the nose and upper lip.
In recent years researchers investigating the effects of alcohol in pregnancy have begun to widen their definition of antenatal alcohol damage beyond the diagnosis of FASD. They now talk of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, or FASD, an umbrella term that covers a range of physical, mental and behavioural effects which can occur without the facial features of FASD. Like children with FASD, those with FASD may have problems with arithmetic, paying attention, working memory and the planning of tasks. They may be impulsive, find it difficult to judge social situations correctly and relate badly to others, or be labelled as aggressive or defiant. In adulthood they may find it difficult to lead independent lives, be diagnosed with mental illnesses, or get into trouble with the law. Some have damage to the heart, ears or eyes.
While some children with FASD have been exposed to as much alcohol before birth as those with FASD, others may be damaged by lower levels, says Helen Barr, a statistician at the University of Washington, Seattle. Barr has spent 30 years tracking children exposed to alcohol before birth and comparing them with non-exposed children. The less alcohol, in general, says Barr, the milder the effects, such as more subtle attention problems or memory difficulties. Other factors that can affect the type of damage include the fetus's stage of development when exposed to alcohol and the mother's genetic make-up.
Although FASD is not yet an official medical diagnosis, some researchers estimate that it could be very common indeed. While FASD is thought to account for 1 in 500 live births, Ann Streissguth and her colleagues at the University of Washington believe that as many as 1 in every 100 babies born in the US are affected by FASD. Others put the figure at about 1 in 300. Whichever figure is more accurate, it would still make the condition far more common than, say, Downs syndrome, which affects 1 in 800 babies born in the US.
Streissguth was among the first to study the long-term effects of moderate drinking in pregnancy. In 1993 she reported that a group of 7-year-olds whose mothers had drunk 7 to 14 standard drinks per week in pregnancy tended to have specific problems with arithmetic and attention. Compared with children of similar IQ whose mothers had abstained during pregnancy, they struggled to remember strings of digits or the details of stories read to them, and were unable to discriminate between two rhythmic sound patterns.
When Streissguth's team followed the alcohol-exposed children through adolescence and into their early twenties they found them significantly more likely than other individuals of similar IQ and social background to be labelled as aggressive by their teachers. According to their parents, these children were unable to consider the effects of their actions on others, and unable to take hints or understand social cues. As young adults, they were more likely to drink heavily and use drugs than their peers.
These findings were borne out by similar studies later in the 1990s by Sandra Jacobson and Joseph Jacobson, both psychologists at Wayne State University in Detroit, Michigan. To try and work out what dose of alcohol might be harmful, the Jacobsons ran a study of children born to 480 women in Detroit. In it, they compared the children born to women who, at their first antenatal appointment, said they drank seven or more standard US drinks a week with the babies of women who drank less than seven, and with those whose mothers abstained altogether. The psychologists then tested the children's mental function in infancy and again at 7 years old. In the children whose mothers had seven drinks or more, the pair found significant deficits in their children's mental function in infancy, and again at age 7, mainly in arithmetic, working memory and attention (Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, vol 28, p 1732). Where the mother drank less than that they found no effect.
Spread it out
There is also some evidence that fewer than seven drinks a week could have measurable effects on an unborn baby. Peter Hepper at Queen's University, Belfast, UK, examined the movements of fetuses scanned on ultrasound in response to a noise stimulus. Having asked women about their drinking habits, they compared the responses of fetuses exposed to low levels of alcohol — between 1 and 6 British units per week, each containing 10 millilitres of alcohol — and those exposed to none. When tested between 20 and 35 weeks, the fetuses exposed to alcohol tended to show a "startle response" usually found only in the earlier stages of pregnancy, when the nervous system is less developed. Five months after birth, the same babies showed different responses to visual stimuli from the babies whose mothers had abstained. Hepper interprets these findings as evidence that a low dose of alcohol has some as yet unexplained effect on the developing nervous system. Whether or not these differences will translate into behaviour problems in later life is as yet unknown.
When Ed Riley and colleagues at San Diego State University in California looked at children's brains using magnetic resonance imaging, they found obvious changes in the brain structure of children whose mothers drank very heavily, but also some changes in children born to moderate drinkers. For example, there were abnormalities in the corpus callosum, the tract of fibres connecting the right and left hemispheres of the brain. The greater the abnormality, the worse the children performed on a verbal learning task.
Despite these recent studies, the link between alcohol and fetal development is far from clear. Not all babies born to alcoholic women have FASD, yet other babies appear to be damaged by their mothers indulging in just a single binge. And if 61 per cent of British women drink while pregnant, how come there are not hundreds of thousands of British children with FASD? Wouldn't we notice if 1 in 100 children being born were affected?
Hepper argues that few teachers would raise an eyebrow if they had two or three children in a class of 30 with marked behaviour difficulties, and several more with milder, manageable problems. He therefore thinks it is plausible to suggest that 1 in 100 children could have alcohol-related problems of some sort.
Hepper's research is widely quoted by anti-drinking campaigners such as FASD Aware, an international organisation which advertises in the women's bathrooms of bars to encourage pregnant women not to drink. The posters warn that "drinking in pregnancy could leave you with a hangover for life" and that "everything you drink goes to your baby's head".
Critics of these tactics point out that trying to scare women into abstinence is not helpful. There are reports in North America of women rushing off for an abortion because they had one drink before they knew they were pregnant or being racked with guilt about past drinking if they have a child with a mild disability.
Researchers like the Jacobsons acknowledge that it is hard to be certain about how alcohol affects a developing fetus on the basis of epidemiological studies, especially when they measure the notoriously messy subject of human behaviour. Any effect on the developing brain would vary depending on exactly when the fetus was exposed, and since some behavioural effects may not become apparent until several years after birth, it is difficult to pin down specific disabilities to specific antenatal exposure to alcohol.
To try and get around the epidemiological problem, John Olney, a neuroscientist at Washington University in St Louis, Missouri, has examined the impact of alcohol on developing rodent brains as a model for what happens in humans. Six years ago Olney and others showed that alcohol causes neurons in the developing rat brain to undergo programmed cell death, or apoptosis (Science, vol 287, p 1056).
Olney found that alcohol does the most serious damage if exposure happens during synaptogenesis, a critical time in development when neurons are rapidly forming connections. In rats, this happens just after birth, but in humans it begins in the second half of pregnancy and continues for two or more years. In the Science study, the team found that exposure to alcohol for baby rats during this developmental stage, at levels equivalent to a binge lasting several hours, could trigger the suicide of millions of neurons, damaging the structure of the animals' forebrains. The alcohol seems to interfere with the action of receptors for two chemical signals or neurotransmitters, glutamate and GABA (gamma amino butyric acid), that must function normally for connections to form.
The timing of alcohol exposure during pregnancy dictates what type of damage will occur, Olney says: if it is early on, when facial structures are forming, the facial characteristics of FASD may be obvious. Later, when synapses are forming, mental function may be affected. This runs counter to the popular view that the fetus is only vulnerable in the first trimester; in fact, different stages may be vulnerable in different ways.
Olney has recently tried to find out exactly how much alcohol is enough to trigger apoptosis. This year he reported that, in infant mice whose brains are at the equivalent stage of development to a third-trimester fetus, some 20,000 neurons are deleted when they are exposed to only mildly raised blood alcohol levels, for periods as short as 45 minutes. In humans, he says, this is equivalent to deleting 20 million neurons with a 45-minute exposure to blood alcohol levels of just 50 milligrams per 100 millilitres of blood — which is well below the legal limit for driving, and easily achieved in "normal social" drinking (Neurobiology of Disease, DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2005.12.015). At blood alcohol levels below this, the team found no apoptosis.
Olney is quick to stress that, alarming as 20 million neurons sounds, it is "a very small amount of brain damage" in the context of the human brain, which is estimated to have trillions of neurons. He has no evidence that such small-scale damage would translate into any detectable effects on a child's cognitive abilities. "But if a mother is advised that one or two glasses of wine with dinner is OK, and if she then has two glasses with dinner three times a week, this is exposing the fetus to a little bit of damage three times a week," he says.
The bottom line is that, as yet, it's impossible to translate these findings into blanket advice for women about how many drinks they can or can't have when pregnant. A drink before food will raise blood alcohol concentrations faster than a drink with a meal; two drinks downed quickly will raise it more sharply than two drinks spread over 3 hours. Because of this uncertainty, some researchers — and some authorities — would rather take no chances. "The best possible advice I can give mothers is to totally abstain from alcohol the moment they know they are pregnant," Olney says.
Peer-Reviewed Journal Article References:
Keith, D. R., Skelly, J., Tang, K. J., Kurti, A. N., & Higgins, S. T. (2021). Household-smoking bans are associated with reduced nicotine exposure, increased smoking abstinence, and improved birth outcomes among pregnant women enrolled in smoking-cessation treatment. Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology, 29(4), 366–374.
Online Continuing Education QUESTION 10
Others who bought this Addictions/Substance Abuse Course

domain: medical


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Kellogg's Nutri-Grain Bars are a delicious mix of your favourite breakfast ingredients all wrapped up in a satisfying bar. A tasty option that will kick start your day keeping you fuelled for the morning ahead
WHY USE IT?
Nutri-Grain bars are perfect for people who don't enjoy breakfast the bars contain more than 15% of the nutrient reference value of vitamin B12. Vitamin B12 contributes to the reduction of tiredness and fatigue. Enjoy as part of a varied and balanced diet and a healthy lifestyle
Store in a dry place
Consume as much as you wish - perfect for mornings

domain: health


Allow Selecting Timezone when Deferring Deployment
Depending on the environment different people may approve a deployment (e.g stakeholders could approve to QA servers).
However, some people may not realize the defer option to schedule the deployment uses UTC, which could be differ than their local timezone.
Although I could try to make them aware of that, they may forget, and sometimes stakeholders change, so life would be much easier if I could just change this defer option to follow our local timezone, which is UTC -3.
One idea would be to either allow the user to configure what timezone to use when deferring a deployment (and this could be cached for future deployments).


Bağımsız Taraftar Platformu!
Bursaspor in talks for Sebastian Rodriguez
Patrick Twumasi once again!
Bursaspor in talks for Henri Saivet
RIP Pieter Gerrit Knibe!
Sow: I am very happy to be in Bursa
"We must hold our head high"
After Fenerbahce match
Paul Le Guen and players give information about the match.
Le Guen: There is a very important match for us
Le Guen, "There is a very important match for us. It has so much meaning. Also, Fenerbahce is a team that has caught a great success in the last period and we have a hard task on Friday, that's for sure"
Perfect performance from Kembo!
Jires Kembo-Ekoko, an experienced player of Bursaspor, dizzied the opposing team's defenders with his skills in the match against Konyaspor.
Aziz scored fifth goals!
Bursaspor's surprise goal scorer Aziz Behich raised to 5 goals.
Aziz played in a hundredth game in the league under Bursaspor jersey.
Lodge support from Bosch
Bosch purchased a lodge from the crocodile arena.
Paul Le Guen wants Bursaspor to sign Bacary Sagna
Bursaspor coach Paul Le Guen informed about the transfer of Sagna after the match against Ingolstadt.
First match Leeds United
Bursaspor's first friendly game was announced at Austria camp.
Bienvenu Paul Le Guen!
Paul Le Guen, nouvel entraîneur de Bursaspor, a signé un contrat de deux ans aujourd'hui lors d'une cérémonie.
New coach Paul Le Guen
Bursaspor’s new coach Paul Le Guen signed two year deal at the press confrence.
Suprising transfer list from Bursaspor
The president of Bursaspor Ali Ay gave important news about the transfer agenda.
Bursaspor sign Ozan Can Kökcü
The first transfer of the next season has been realized by Bursaspor.
New record in Timsah Arena
Bursaspor's match against Fenerbahce set the Timsah Arena attendance record with 34.000 spectators which exceeded the previous attendance record of 25.000.
"Bursaspor never bow to pressure"
Mutlu Topcu’s period started in Bursaspor. Here is the first mentioned of him…
New coach Mutlu Topcu
As a result of the negotiate that we did to specify our coach for a while is resolved by board of directors.


Objective: The objective of the ACube (Ambient Aware Assistance) project is the development and testing of an advanced monitoring system to support professional caregivers in nursing home and residential care facilities. The goal of the system is the detection of events potentially dangerous for the guest of nursing homes, or interesting for the health care professionals, and the development of an appropriate response.
Design: The prototype developed during the project relies on distributed sensor networks connected to an automatic reasoning system. Sensing technologies used for collecting environmental data include video cameras, RFID antennas, microphones, and wireless sensor networks. Wearable sensors for detecting biosignals (such as electrocardiogram, actigrafy and breath) are also used. The data acquired from the sensors are analyzed by the automatic reasoning system that identifies potentially dangerous situations and alerts the caregiver.
Results: The developed prototype has been deployed into two test site: one in Trento, and the other in Milan (within the smart home facility of the DAT service). Several scenarios have been tested where the ACube prototype proved to be able to identify relevant events such as a repetitive walking pattern, the proximity to dangerous areas (e.g. an open window), health problems (e.g. tachycardia), etc.
Conclusions: By supporting the professional caregivers the ACube system could contribute to the improvement of the quality of services provided by nursing homes and residential care facilities while reducing the costs. In the future, the system could also be exported to different application domains, such as the intelligent monitoring and surveillance of public spaces (museums, schools, stations).


Not in the clamor of the crowded street, not in the shouts and plaudits of the throng, but in ourselves, are triumph and defeat.--Henry Wadsworth Longfellow
REDIRECT ALERT! (Scroll down past this mess if you're trying to read an archived post. Thanks. No, really, thanks.)
Due to my inability to control my temper and complacently accept continued silliness with not-quite-as-reliable-as-it-ought-to-be Blogger/Blogspot, your beloved Possumblog will now waddle across the Information Dirt Road and park its prehensile tail at http://possumblog.mu.nu.
This site will remain in place as a backup in case Munuvia gets hit by a bus or something, but I don't think they have as much trouble with this as some places do. ::cough::blogspot::cough:: So click here and adjust your links. I apologize for the inconvenience, but it's one of those things.
Friday, February 20, 2004
'Wash. Post' Issues New Rules for Sources, Quotes WOW! Now THIS is news! Quotes from people will no longer be "quotes"! The article goes on at some length about other changes--editorial knowledge of the identity of confidential sources, revised guidelines for source attribution and datelines, and a revision on how corrections are made: Rather than merely stating "we collectively screwed up", in the interest of full disclosure, it might be better to give the public some idea of how the error was made. It seems that an awful lot of trouble is being gone to to insulate the organization from the consequences of the errors committed by only one or two people. This would be fine if a similar editorial stance was taken toward the subjects being covered--the press, and the WaPo in particular, go into a feeding frenzy whenever there is a failure in any sort of process--the Space Shuttle crash, WMD intelligence, corporate fraud--and seem to have a pathological desire to root out individuals to blame and excoriate. Again, if that's the game you want to play, fine, but don't hold yourself to a less stringent standard when reporting your own failings.
People might not trust you that way.
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Gardening = Experimenting | Tilling Times
Last updated 9/8/2021 at 2:40pm
Any time you plant a vegetable garden, you're experimenting. But sometimes the experimentation is quite deliberate. As the season winds down, let's look at what's going on in the Mukilteo Community Garden.
The Giving Beds, where we grow crops to donate to food banks, are on track to produce over 1,500 pounds of organic vegetables this year. Such impressive results happen because lots of people donate lots of time to choose what to grow, plant seeds, tend to the plants, and harvest. The experimenting comes in the form of which seeds to plant, when and where to plant them – the same decisio...

domain: food


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Hey Everyone! If you’d like to watch the “Move Live On Tour” streamed LIVE from Albany, New York, you’ll be able to do so at “Yahoo Screen Live” at this link tonight at 8:00pm ET. If you can’t tune it, that’s ok as it will be streamed for 24 hours afterwards. The whole show is non-stop amazing. For all the latest on it, see Pure Derek Hough. Twitter pic below courtesy of Kelsie Smith.
How about some more beautiful photos….this time of Derek and Julianne Hough and their Move Live On Tour in Hollywood, Florida last night? Click on any of the photos to see more. For lots more coverage on the Move Live On Tour including videos and photos by the loads, interviews, fan reviews, guest blogs, etc., see Pure Derek Hough.
Aren’t these photos of the new Move Live On Tour amazing? These shots were taken and tweeted out by @jnemec100. To see more photos, videos, interviews, guest blogs, etc. of the tour, see PureDerekHough.com. For tickets to see the show, see this link.
Derek spoke to the Miami Herald back before the tour started and they apparently just published it to coincide with MOVE arriving in Florida.
Derek Hough’s twist on a recent Season 20 Dancing With the Stars episode was the “Ouch!” heard ’round the country.
On April 20, while rehearsing for the 10th anniversary special edition of the ballroom dance competition show — Hough is its most winning pro — the 30-year-old Utah native broke a toe on his right foot after an errant kick. He then sprained the inside and the outside of his left ankle, and ended up with a bone bruise (the latter after tumbling down stairs while attending to his toe).
Bad break and bad timing. You could practically hear the accountants gasp.
Hough was in his customary race toward the finals with gymnast “star” partner Nastia Liukin (the couple finished in fourth place) and simultaneously starring in a New York Spring Spectacular dance show at Radio City Music Hall. He was also readying rehearsals for the second annual MOVE Live Tour with sister Julianne Hough (a judge on DWTS and actress).
MOVE — with both stars intact, he swears — cha-chas onto the Hard Rock Live stage Friday. “I learned the show in three days this year,” he says.
Hough is involved in every aspect of MOVE — choreographing the routines, dancing, singing and engaging in banter with his younger sis.
“I’m feeling much better, I’m getting strong,” Hough says on the phone during a break in rehearsals in Los Angeles as carpenters slam together painted sets, costumers run around and giant fans blow air around the Houghs.
For Hough, work is always a race against the clock. He wasn’t even supposed to be on the DWTS anniversary season due to the Radio City gig, but “I get passionate about challenges,” he says.
“It was outrageous traveling back and forth, rehearsing and doing two to three shows a day. Instead of scaring me it got me excited — let’s see if I can do this. But I’m a team player and very loyal person, and if I could make it work and be a part of that 10th anniversary, which was a milestone, I thought it important to be part of that.”
Jo Swafford took some amazing photos at the shows she went to in Texas. See purederekhough.com for more coverage of MOVE Live on Tour.
Julianne And Derek Hough’s Move Live On Tour Premieres in Phoenix, Arizona – HQ Photos, Video, And More
@ashfrye08 Tonight in Phoenix @juleshough and @derekhough reminded us not only to appreciate all we have in life, especially our health, but that everything we need to accomplish our dreams is already inside of us. We all have a light, we just need to ignite it.
Julianne and Derek Hough’s Move Live On Tour kicked off in Phoenix, Arizona last night. Below are some breathtaking shots. To view more, see Getty Images. To read more coverage from the show last night including interviews, fan reviews, sizzling hot dance videos (like the one above), and more, see Pure Derek Hough. It’s a huge dance party and then some! Tickets
We’ve been posting a lot on the new Dancing With The Stars Live Tour and Ballroom With A Twist, but, they aren’t the only game in town. Just a reminder that rehearsals are alive and well for Derek and Julianne Hough’s new Move Live On Tour this summer as well. Below is just a little sample we might see. Also, check out this new costume teaser. For more Move Live On Tour information on the dancers, photos, and lots of fun new interviews with Derek and Julianne, see Pure Derek Hough at this Move Live On Tour 2015 link. Tickets are selling out fast. So, get your tickets soon if you haven’t yet. Also, if you’d like to blog about it, be sure to let Miss Heidi and I know.
What an incredible summer it’s been for Derek and Julianne Hough and their talented cast as they travelled the United States in the “Move Live On Tour”. Yesterday and last night, they wrapped it all up in Los Angeles, California to another sold out crowd. Below are some breathtaking shots. These faces say it all! For more, see Getty Images. Pure Derek Hough has more coverage as well as lots of fan blogs (and some new blogs coming up Heidi tells us). Each and every one of them are so special. Be sure to check them all out at this link. A “moving” tour never to be forgotten!
Have you seen the Move Live On Tour yet? I was blessed to be able to see it in Denver, Colorado this past week. I wrote all about my experience at Pure Derek Hough if you’d like to read it and see my photos. Let’s just say, I was beyond “moved”! Derek and Julianne could not have been more kind and warm hearted when meeting them. As for their dancing….they gave it up and then some as well as their talented and fabulous dancers who brought the same intensity in different ways. The quality of this show is off the hook! The tour is on it’s last legs now as it travels to Arizona and California this next week, but, don’t give up on buying tickets if you see that some shows are “sold out”. Check the venues themselves and places like Stubhub.com, Ebay, etc. The price is worth every penny. Check twitter too as I’ve seen some people at the last minute who weren’t able to go. If you’d like to blog and review on your experience, see this link.
“After you move, don’t you feel good?” ~Derek Hough
Yes, I did!!!
And guess what? (Our) John also saw the show in Sandy, Utah this week. Here’s a little bit of what he saw. Thanks to John Von Dreele (another John) for sending…
More on all of the shows and more at Pure Derek Hough.
Wow wow wow is all I can say to a new review of the “Move Live On Tour” from our Own Miss Heidi. If you head to Pure Derek Hough, you can read her bird’s eye account of the entire show from Nashville, Tennessee. She not only reviews the show, she posted some awesome photos and videos. For a sneak peek, check out the video below where Julianne talks of why she and Derek created the “Move Live On Tour”. So humble and gracious as ever….
“Because of you, we are here” ~Julianne Hough
Lots lots more at Pure Derek Hough. Heidi, as always, is full of her wicked humor too. A MUST READ AND SEE!

domain: entertainment


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I hate. I thought I hated before the letter, before the werewolves, but now I understand that was nothing more than a chip on my shoulder. The urbat took what was mine. They will pay.
Isabelle leads a very normal life…for an emotional syphon. If not for Ethan and his bar, she would have lost her sanity long ago. But everything changes with the crash of her fighting cage and a man who transforms into a wolf. There’s something about Carlos—when he’s not growling at her—that makes her do things she wouldn’t normally do, like sigh and daydream.

domain: literature


Princeton University claims that the USA is no longer a Democracy... WOW right?
A groundbreaking study from Princeton University is causing a lot of controversy, but its findings are undeniable.
The university study explain that U.S. democracy is pure fiction. That is, the researchers explain, it simply does not exist.
The scholars behind the study asked the question: “[w]ho really rules?”
Researchers Martin Gilens along with Benjamin I. Page concluded
that over the past few decades in particular, the U.S. political system has gradually changed in a way that has warped the Democratic Republic into a nearly pure oligarchy, where the elite 1% rule with almost total influence and control over the government and even police state apparatus.
The researchers drew data from over 1,800 different policy initiatives dating from 1981 to 2002. They concluded that wealthy, well-connected families are the ones who steer the direction of nearly everything politically in the United States.
“The central point that emerges from our research is that economic elites and organized groups representing business interests have substantial independent impacts on U.S. government policy,” they explain, “while mass-based interest groups and average citizens have little or no independent influence.”
Gilens and Page compare and contrast the political preferences of those at the 50th income percentile to preferences of those at the 90th percentile in addition to major lobbying or business groups.
The pair found that regardless of whether one is Republican or Democratic was of no significant difference. The results showed that more often than not, policy followed the interests of corporations and the 1%.
The research notes recent Supreme Court decisions that allow more money in politics – pointing to this as a likely factor in this transformation into an oligarchy – stretching back to the 1980s.
“Ordinary citizens,” they explain, “might often be observed to ‘win’ (that is, to get their preferred policy outcomes) even if they had no independent effect whatsoever on policy making, if elites (with whom they often agree) actually prevail.”
(Article by M. David and Reagan Ali)
Sauce - http://countercurrentnews.com/2016/0...ual-democracy/


5 Simple Statements About core drill rigs ExplainedAll-steel chucks are more tough than ones with plastic components. And whilst keyless chucks are handy on a daily drill, they generally don’t hold the Keeping ability essential for drilling into masonry. Chuck dimension frequently dictates the most proposed gap sizing the drill can handle.
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Solution . nRemoving the heater core, if the vehicle has AC, is often a time consuming (nevertheless not super sophisticated) treatment. Acquiring a good service handbook from Haynes or Chilton is the best issue you are able to do for yourself as well as your truck! I owned a 1996 Jimmy (RIP), so the methods may be diverse for you; however it goes a little something like this: n. n1) So as to get to the heater core, the dashboard should be taken out. The sprint is held in position with several screws Situated on the top surface area. Clear away the bolts around the underside on the dash, then clear away the retaining screws from the best. This position is considerably less difficult that has a associate, who will let you remove the dash in the truck. (I ended up dropping the steering column to generate the sprint removing feasible without any harm.) Also, ensure you label and disconnect every one of the wiring before you decide to try and haul the sprint from the truck!
Do you know that core drills are utilised routinely in mineral exploration all all over the world? Sometimes the coring may be numerous hundred toes in deep. The core samples are recovered and examined by geologists for mineral inspections and carbon relationship. Mining operations rely upon samples like these to begin Functioning in a certain spot. Concrete contractors who perform core take a look at sampling have minimal possibilities In regards to core drilling. They can rely on our diamond core drills available to try and do the job website suitable. Here are some ideas to take into consideration when purchasing your concrete core drilling machine: Deciding on the right drill for the occupation, Choosing the correct electrical power sort for your needs, selecting if the core drill should be handheld or rig mounted, deciding upon the appropriate bond in your diamond core little bit And at last understanding When your new drill can get to the specified depths The task calls for.
Husqvarna drill stand DS250 is a versatile and light-weight drill stand. It's a mixed foundation plate for vacuum or anchoring. The collar within the carriage fits with Husqvarna’s scaled-down drill motors. The stand includes a useful handle having a gentle grip, that makes it uncomplicated and cozy to move.
exactly where ever You can find oil observed today sensitive gear can find oil along with the dig there are numerous place that can have oil the commonest underneath the ocean/sea or on land employing many methods to this is not quick so particular firms with certain expertise and equipment can do that in specific climates/circumstances.
Drilling holes into tiles requires using possibly a drill-little bit or for much larger holes a core or holesaw. For smaller holes to cater for rawl plugs for fixures and fittings you may need both a 6mm drill or an 8mm drill. Imperial dimension is 1/four inch. Smaller spade drills are Okay for standard soft ceramic tiles. For tricky porclain tiles you would like diamond tipped drills. Much larger holes have to have the use of a core or holesaw. Regular pipework like h2o pipes waste, shower heads need gap measurements of 16mm 30mm and 40mm. Imperial dimensions is 1inch 1.
The Shibuya TS-252PRO ABV is truly among the finest core drills out there. Engineers at Shibuya beefed up the standard TS-252's armature and industry coils, enhanced gearing for more quickly drilling with much more torque,...
Will not bear down to the drill with all of your power. Not just will lesser bits crack, even so the chisel-kind idea for regular, non-hammer kind drilling will build an beneficial hammering effect.
Circular saws make residence improvement tasks less complicated as it is the all-close to Device for carpenters. This Property Depot information describes measures on how to use them.
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Muzaffarnagar: A fresh case has been lodged against controversial Uttar Pradesh minister Azam Khan for his alleged 'hate-speech' in Shamli district.
A case was registered against Khan in Thana Bhawan police station yesterday for his remarks at an election rally in Jalalabad area of the district on April 8, District Magistrate NP Singh told reporters here.
The senior Samajwadi Party leader had allegedly attacked BJP's Prime Ministerial candidate Narendra Modi saying, ' his hands are coloured with blood of innocent people and you should never let any such person rule the country.'
The case was registered on direction of the election commission after the officials had checked the video footage and found his comments objectionable, he said.
He has been booked under various sections of the Indian Penal Code (IPC) and Section 125 of the Representation of the People ACT.
Ghaziabad police had yesterday booked the close aide of SP supremo Mulayam Singh Yadav, for his alleged inflammatory speech over Kargil War.


In-A-Gadda-Da-Vida is the second studio album by the American rock band Iron Butterfly, released in 1968. It is most known for the title track, a simple composition which, due to an extended jam, occupies the whole of Side B. The album is also available in a deluxe edition CD.
The In-A-Gadda-Da-Vida LP peaked at number 4 on the Billboard charts and was given the distinction of being the first album to be awarded platinum status when the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) began that achievement level in 1976. Today it is a 4x platinum album with sales of over 30 million copies. It was also Atlantic Records' biggest selling album until it was surpassed by Led Zeppelin IV.


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On days when we are hanging out at home we like to entertain the cat. Or rather, he entertains us. Oh, he looks so fierce with his crazy eyes and needle sharp claws. The thing is though, he's a big ol' sissy. He loves to play like a kitten in between hours and hours of sleeping on the recliner.
And here is our first garden harvest. Yep, that's some delicious yellow straight neck squash and zucchini. I've got to get a picture of the garden now so you can see how big all of the plants are getting. The leaves on the zucchini plant are huge...like elephant ears. We've had perfect garden weather recently. Lots of hot sunny days with shots of rain here and there. Perfect.
Oh yeah, and back in April we all hiked a mountain. The weather was perfect and the view from the top was beautiful. My girls did a great job hiking. There was minimal whining along the way. Nothing that a trip to Sweet Frog when we were done couldn't remedy.

domain: agronomy


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Here’s Why Ohio’s Proposed Abortion Law Could Be Even More Harmful Than S.B. 8
Bill 480 would ban abortion at any stage of pregnancy.
Ohio lawmakers are proposing a new law, House Bill 480, which would make abortion at any stage of pregnancy illegal throughout the state.
The highly restrictive bill would allow any citizen to sue those who perform an abortion, and would grant $10,000 in damages to anyone who is successful in their complaint.
Much like S.B. 8, the Texas law banning abortions after six weeks, a time when many women are not even aware that they are pregnant, Ohio’s law does not provide exceptions for mothers whose pregnancy was a result of rape or incest.
Ohio’s measure also would not grant exceptions for cases of sexual assault, making it even more restrictive Texas’s so-called “heartbeat bill.”
Since, under the law, any private citizen would be permitted to file lawsuit against anyone suspected of performing an abortion, many Ohio clinics would be susceptible to more lawsuits, which poses an increased financial risks. A lack of financial resources among abortion clinics would also make them less accessible for women seeking the procedure.
Lawmakers in 12 other states, including Mississippi, North Dakota, and Indiana, have discussed introducing laws similar to Bill 480.
If enacted, the new measure could pose significant problems for women living in low-income communities: According to a study published by the American Journal of Public Health, women with a low economic status had higher abortion rates than women with larger incomes.
2021 has been a record year in the U.S. for the highest number anti-abortion measures in a single year. Read more about some of the abortion restrictions introduced in 2021 here.

domain: law


Explore 15+ million radio shows, DJ mixes and podcasts made by passionate creators.
01 Mar 2016
This upload features tracks from Ludacris, Bubba Sparxxx and more.
Our monthly party, Booty Pop Queen, is going weekly starting Monday, March 7th! To celebrate, here's a mix of some of our favorite jams!
Booty Pop ...


User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; en-US; rv:1.8) Gecko/20051111 Firefox/1.5 Build Identifier: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; en-US; rv:1.8) Gecko/20051111 Firefox/1.5 While browsing recently the pre-loaded search engines suddenly disappeared, and the "Add Engines" function does not work to restore them (nothing happens when you click "OK" on the dialog box). At the same time, I cannot add new bookmarks. The dialog box stays visible and nothing happens when you click "OK" to add a bookmark. This happened as I was surfing casually, just after I bookmarked the secure login page for yahoo mail. I have tried removing and reinstalling the app to no effect. This is a new notebook PC (hp nx6110); I installed FF 1.5 yesterday and was operating just fine until this problem suddenly happened earlier this evening. Reproducible: Always
Probably the localstore.rdf file in your profile is corrupted. In that case deleting it will solve the problem. http://kb.mozillazine.org/Profile_Folder
*** Bug 329820 has been marked as a duplicate of this bug. ***
*** Bug 330219 has been marked as a duplicate of this bug. ***
*** Bug 330450 has been marked as a duplicate of this bug. ***
This bug is very unlikely to be relevant to the new search service, closing.
Status: UNCONFIRMED → RESOLVED
Last Resolved: 11 years ago
Resolution: --- → WORKSFORME
You need to log in before you can comment on or make changes to this bug.


text: Hotel in Molinos de Duero. Real Posada de la Mesta features a restaurant, bar, a shared lounge and garden in Molinos de Duero. The building is quite lovely, although it could be better looked after. The location is fine, a good spot to visit the area. The village is calm and there is a nice walk along the river.

domain: travel


text:
The WBC recently announced that they will be ordering a championship fight between Shawn Porter and Danny Garcia for the interim WBC welterweight world title. Porter and Garcia exchanged words online following the news.
Another exciting month of boxing is in the books! Follow along as we break down our top 5 PBC Greatest Hits from March 2017.
Keith Thurman and Danny Garcia collided in a battle of styles to unify Welterweight world titles in Brooklyn.
Check out highlights from the Thurman vs. Garcia fight on March 4, 2017.
The build-up for one of 2017's most anticipated fights began in 2016. November 12, to be exact. On that night, in Philadelphia, Danny "Swift" Garcia defeated Samuel Vargas in a #PBConSpike main event. With fellow 147-pound champion Keith Thurman commentating on the fight ringside, he was brought into the ring to formally announce a unification bout after Garcia's stoppage victory. And from there, natural fireworks were set off between the two. Now, four months later and just days before their massive welterweight clash, Garcia and Thurman look back on that classic confrontation.
This week on PBC Jabs we recap our exciting February 25th Fox show, we preview the highly anticipated March 4th PBC on CBS fight card and we check in with 147-pound champ Keith “One Time” Thurman.
At 33-0 with 19 KOs in his decorated pro career, Danny "Swift" Garcia is no stranger to the big stage. He's been in countless world title and world title unification bouts. That makes him as confident as ever as he prepares for his first attempt at unifying welterweight world titles against fellow unbeaten champion Keith "One Time" Thurman, Saturday, March 4, 2017, on CBS.
Welterweight powerhouse Shawn Porter recently stopped by PBC HQ to offer his thoughts and insights about the upcoming 147-pound unification bout between Keith Thurman and Danny Garcia taking place on March 4, 2017, live on CBS.


text:
Classic history and presentation: Navicular stress fractures typically occur in young, active athletes involved in vigorous weight-bearing activities. Patients often present after failed conservative measures with a 6-month or longer history of vague pain on the dorsomedial or medial aspect of the midfoot / hindfoot, radiating distally to the forefoot. Often the pain is aggravated by activity and relieved by rest.
Typically, there is no single inciting event that the patient recalls, such as a pop or snap.
Prevalence: In athletes, it is estimated that up to 35% of all foot and ankle stress fractures are navicular stress fractures. Prevalence has been increasing over time, likely due to earlier symptom recognition and advanced imaging.
One study described female sex as a risk factor for navicular stress fractures (since female sex is a risk for stress fractures in general); however, other studies have found that the majority of navicular stress fractures occur in male athletes in their 20s.
- Prior history of a stress fracture
- Unfavorable foot mechanics
- Anatomic factors – cavovarus foot, reduced ankle dorsiflexion (such as from a tight gastrocnemius), short first metatarsal, metatarsus adductus, equinus contracture
- Improper footwear or technique during athletics
- Increasing volume and intensity of physical activity
- Menstrual irregularity
- Low body mass index
- Diet poor in calcium and/or vitamin D
The medial and lateral portions of the navicular bone receive blood supply through the medial tarsal branches of the dorsal pedis artery and branches of the lateral tarsal artery, leaving the central area hypovascularized. However, further studies have shown that this central hypovascularized zone is only present in approximately 10% of patients, and nearly 60% of patients do not have any zone of complete avascularity.
Additionally, anatomic variations of cavovarus foot, reduced ankle dorsiflexion, and short first metatarsal amplify the compression loading through the navicular bone.
Grade / classification system: Bone stress injuries of the navicular are classified on CT (other than type 0.5) using the Saxena classification.
- Type 0.5: Stress reaction on MRI; normal CT
- Type I: Fracture in the dorsal cortex
- Type II: Fracture extends from the dorsal cortex into the navicular body
- Type III: Complete fracture through both cortices


What makes us unique is that we are a full stack IoT Operator. We control the full value chain in order to provide ultimate scalability, fault tolerance and security to our customers.
Our BaseN Platform is a distributed system that collects, stores, analyzes, visualizes and controls massive amounts of data from millions of Things and their environment. Unlike traditional architectures, BaseN Platform is not a piece of static software but an organic system.
BaseN was established in 2001 to provide extremely scalable and fault-tolerant network and service management systems for telecom operators and large multinational enterprises.
We enable you to enter the IoT by digitalizing and connecting your new and traditional industry products to offer new intelligent services. The introduction of such new business models will have profound effects on your R&D, but most importantly it totally changes the business relationship between you and your customer.


text:
“Pellentesque a massa risus. Cras convallis finibus porta. Integer in ligula leo. Cras quis consequat nisl, at malesuada sapien. Mauris ultricies nisi eget velit bibendum, sit amet euismod mi gravida.”
DR. BAHAA MOURICE KHALIL GHALI
He has graduated from faculty of medicine from Alexandria University ,Egypt. He got his master degree in Internal Medicine from Alexandria University , Egypt. He worked for Ministry of Health and Military Hospitals in Egypt. He worked in Saudi Arabia for 12 years as specialist in Internal Medicine and Diabetes Mellitus. He worked in Oman , MOH for 12 years as specialist in Internal Medicine and Diabetes Mellitus.


text:
Cargill Builds $100 Million Indonesian Plant
May 8, 2013
Gresik, Indonesia — Attempting to spur development in the Asian cocoa sector and meet growing demand in the region, Cargill, Inc. is building its first cocoa processing plant in Asia in Indonesia, a $100 million investment, the company reports.
The facility is expected to be operational by mid-2014 and will process approximately 70,000 tons of cocoa beans into a range of products tailored to the Asian market, including high quality cocoa liquor and butter and Cargill’s Gerkens cocoa powders, the company claims.
The company also announced it will train 1,300 Indonesian smallholder farmers as part of the Cargill Cocoa Promise and has taken steps to strengthen its sourcing network in Indonesia.
<< Candy & Snack TODAY Home

domain: economics


text:
This long strand of elongated pearls, which are grown in mussels from Lake Biwa in Japan, is a versatile piece. Wear as a long loop or wrap twice for a strong and striking necklace that looks most dramatic against dark colors and simple outfits.
Pearl Size: 4-5mm
Pearl Type: Freshwater
Pearl Color: White
Pearl Grade: A
Length: 48 inches / 120 cm
Pearl Shape: Biwa
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Every jewelry piece is carefully handcrafted with customization on demand. Your Timeless Pearl piece is guaranteed to be as unique as you are.

domain: design


text:
Chelsea manager Jose Mourinho says Cesc Fabregas's exquisite start to life back in the Premier League is of no surprise to him.
The former Arsenal captain has returned to English football after three years at Barcelona without missing a beat, playing an integral role in the Blues' perfect start to the season.
Fabregas has provided four assists in Chelsea's three Premier League wins, which has lifted them to the summit of the Premier League.
The sight of their former skipper filling a midfield void for their cross-city rivals is likely to be a painful sight for Arsenal fans throughout the season and Mourinho believes the player's excellent start comes down to his years of education in north London.
"He doesn't need to adapt," Mourinho told Sport when asked about Fabregas, who moved to Stamford Bridge for £26.2m this summer.
"This is a league that he knows, that he had played in for years [with Arsenal]. He was moulded there. When he came to Chelsea he was very happy to come back to this league.
"When a boy is happy, he doesn't suffer any kind of pressure, he knows that his coach trusts him, knows that his mates admire him, feels important. [His form is] not a surprise to me."
Fabregas made his Arsenal debut in 2003, launching an eight-year career at the Emirates that saw him named club captain in 2008 following the departure of William Gallas.
Having turned down the opportunity to re-sign the Spain international this summer, Arsene Wenger will have to find some way of quelling the threat posed by his former player when the two clubs meet this season.
Arsenal travel to Stamford Bridge in early October, where they lost 6-0 last season, before Fabregas returns to the Emirates for a potentially crucial end-of-season clash in late April.

domain: news


text:
This hand tuned triple tone whistle produces a three tone chord like the whistle on an old American Steam train.
Catalogue Number: 702-5592
- Superb tone
- Fantastic Triple Tone
- Professional quality
Buy on Tesco Direct from:
Available from Normans Musical Instruments
Earn 32 Clubcard points
Do you want us to email you when this product is back in stock?

domain: artistic


Alan Myers offers medical replace on Youssef Chermiti
Sky Sports activities journalist Alan Myers shared an replace about when Youssef Chermiti may need his Everton medical as his transfer from Sporting CP attracts nearer.
Talking on Sky Sports activities Information on Saturday (5 August, 13:38), Myers mentioned the 19-year-old ahead may undergo his checks and balances with the Toffees this weekend.
Everton have been closing in on the signing of Chermiti, who would turn into the third signing of the window for Everton after Ashley Younger and Arnaut Danjuma.
“Clearly the massive factor is switch information that the followers are all ready for, Youssef Chermiti is anyone who’s hopefully going to hitch the membership within the subsequent couple of days,” Myers mentioned reside on Sky Sports activities Information.
“There was discuss of a medical being organized for this weekend. I’ve not seen that but however the discuss is that it’ll occur.”
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Everton have searched all through the summer time for a brand new ahead however to this point their quest has proved fruitless, with hyperlinks to Moussa Dembele, El-Bilal Toure, and Viktor Gyokeres all failing to come back to fruition.
The signing of Chermiti appears fairly sure to undergo, although, and the Liverpool Echo talked about (5 August) that he has not been coaching along with his team-mates over the previous few days – in all probability so that each one events can get the deal completed with out problems.
It’s completely no secret that Everton want attacking reinforcements given they lacked chew within the closing third so badly final season, a marketing campaign wherein they solely simply staved off the specter of relegation.
With Danjuma already within the door and Chermiti seemingly getting ready to becoming a member of, abruptly Sean Dyche has extra attacking weapons to name upon within the upcoming Premier League season. Anybody who noticed Everton final season is aware of it was a lot wanted.
In different Everton information, the Toffees are sticking to their weapons over the potential sale of Demarai Grey.


text:
We postulated that ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) relationships within the lung might influence where lung cancer occurs. To address this hypothesis we evaluated the location of lung adenocarcinoma, by both tumor lobe and superior-inferior regional distribution, and associated variables such as emphysema.
Materials and Methods
One hundred fifty-nine cases of invasive adenocarcinoma and adenocarcinoma with lepidic features were visually evaluated to identify lobar or regional tumor location. Regions were determined by automated division of the lungs into three equal volumes: (upper region, middle region, or lower region). Automated densitometry was used to measure radiographic emphysema.
The majority of invasive adenocarcinomas occurred in the upper lobes (69%), with 94% of upper lobe adenocarcinomas occurring in the upper region of the lung. The distribution of adenocarcinoma, when classified as upper or lower lobe, was not different between invasive adenocarcinoma and adenocarcinoma with lepidic features (formerly bronchioloalveolar cell carcinoma, P=0.08). Regional distribution of tumor was significantly different between invasive adenocarcinoma and adenocarcinoma with lepidic features (P = 0.001). Logistic regression analysis with the outcome of invasive adenocarcinoma histology was used to adjust for confounders. Tumor region continued to be a significant predictor (OR 8.5, P=0.008, compared to lower region), whereas lobar location of tumor was not (P=0.09). In stratified analysis, smoking was not associated with region of invasive adenocarcinoma occurrence (p=0.089). There was no difference in total emphysema scores between invasive adenocarcinoma cases occurring in each of the three regions (P=0.155). There was also no difference in the distribution of region of adenocarcinoma occurrence between quartiles of emphysema (P=0.217).
Invasive adenocarcinoma of the lung is highly associated with the upper lung regions. This association is not related to smoking, history of COPD, or total emphysema. The regional distribution of invasive adenocarcinoma may be due to V/Q relationships or other local factors.
Non-small cell lung cancer; tumor location; emphysema
The ability of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) to cause severe illness in humans is determined by multiple host factors and bacterial characteristics, including Shiga toxin (Stx) subtype. Given the link between Stx2a subtype and disease severity, we sought to identify the stx subtypes present in whole genome sequences (WGS) of 444 isolates of STEC O157. Difficulties in assembling the stx genes in some strains were overcome by using two complementary bioinformatics methods: mapping and de novo assembly. We compared the WGS analysis with the results obtained using a PCR approach and investigated the diversity within and between the subtypes. All strains of STEC O157 in this study had stx1a, stx2a or stx2c or a combination of these three genes. There was over 99% (442/444) concordance between PCR and WGS. When common source strains were excluded, 236/349 strains of STEC O157 had multiple copies of different Stx subtypes and 54 had multiple copies of the same Stx subtype. Of those strains harbouring multiple copies of the same Stx subtype, 33 had variants between the alleles while 21 had identical copies. Strains harbouring Stx2a only were most commonly found to have multiple alleles of the same subtype (42%). Both the PCR and WGS approach to stx subtyping provided a good level of sensitivity and specificity. In addition, the WGS data also showed there were a significant proportion of strains harbouring multiple alleles of the same Stx subtype associated with clinical disease in England.
Stx; Genomics; Sequencing; O157; E. coli
Enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) is an established diarrhoeagenic pathotype. The association with virulence gene content and ability to cause disease has been studied but little is known about the population structure of EAEC and how this pathotype evolved. Analysis by Multi Locus Sequence Typing of 564 EAEC isolates from cases and controls in Bangladesh, Nigeria and the UK spanning the past 29 years, revealed multiple successful lineages of EAEC. The population structure of EAEC indicates some clusters are statistically associated with disease or carriage, further highlighting the heterogeneous nature of this group of organisms. Different clusters have evolved independently as a result of both mutational and recombination events; the EAEC phenotype is distributed throughout the population of E. coli.
Escherichia coli; enteroaggregative; ESBL; extended-spectrum β-lactamase; extraintestinal; ST38; diarrheagenic E. coli; multiple drug resistance; Germany; the Netherlands; United Kingdom; bacteria
Surveillance after resection of solitary fibrous tumours of the pleura (SFTP) remains undefined. This study reviews our experience with surgical treatment of SFTP to determine the specific risk factors to predict recurrence.
A retrospective review of 59 patients surgically treated for SFTP during the years 1977–2010 was conducted. Clinico-pathological factors for recurrence were analysed by Kaplan–Meier and Cox proportional hazard methods.
The mean age was 57 ± 14 years. There were 32 (54%) men. Among 32 (54%) symptomatic patients, chest pain (22%), cough (19%) and dyspnoea (17%) were most frequent. The mean tumour size was 7.3 ± 6.7 cm, and 14 patients had SFTPs larger than 10 cm. An SFTP was pedunculated in 38 (67%) cases and had a visceral origin in 40 (68%). Paraneoplastic syndromes were observed in 3 (5%) patients. On histopathologic analysis, 4 (7%) presented ≥4 mitosis/10 high-power fields (HPFs), 8 (15%) atypia, 14 (24%) hypercellularity and 6 (10%) necrosis. After a mean follow-up of 8.8 ± 7.0 years, we observed 8 (14%) recurrences; median time to recurrence was 6 years (range 2–16 years). Two (3%) patients received adjuvant therapy. We constructed a predictive score for recurrence by assigning one point to each of the six variables: parietal (vs visceral) pleural origin, sessile (vs pedunculated) morphology, size >10 cm (vs <10 cm), the presence of hypercellularity, necrosis and mitotic activity ≥4/HPF (vs <4). A score of ≥3 best predicted recurrence (sensitivity: 100%, specificity: 92%, area under receiver operating characteristic curve = 0.966, P < 0.0001). With a score of ≥3, recurrence-free survival was 80%, 69, 23 and 23% at 3, 5, 10 and 15 years, whereas a score of <3 was 100% up to 15 years. Our scoring system was superior in predicting malignant behaviour and recurrence compared with England's criteria or de Perrot staging.
The proposed scoring system is simple, easily obtained from existing pathological description and reliably predicts recurrence in this patient population harbouring SFTP. The SFTP score may stratify patient risk and guide postoperative surveillance. We recommend validation in additional clinical series.
Solitary fibrous tumour; Pleura; Recurrence
Following a large outbreak of foodborne gastrointestinal (GI) disease, a multiplex PCR approach was used retrospectively to investigate faecal specimens from 88 of the 413 reported cases. Gene targets from a range of bacterial GI pathogens were detected, including Salmonella species, Shigella species and Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli, with the majority (75%) of faecal specimens being PCR positive for aggR associated with the Enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) group. The 20 isolates of EAEC recovered from the outbreak specimens exhibited a range of serotypes, the most frequent being O104:H4 and O131:H27. None of the EAEC isolates had the Shiga toxin (stx) genes. Multilocus sequence typing and single nucleotide polymorphism analysis of the core genome confirmed the diverse phylogeny of the strains. The analysis also revealed a close phylogenetic relationship between the EAEC O104:H4 strains in this outbreak and the strain of E. coli O104:H4 associated with a large outbreak of haemolytic ureamic syndrome in Germany in 2011. Further analysis of the EAEC plasmids, encoding the key enteroaggregative virulence genes, showed diversity with respect to FIB/FII type, gene content and genomic architecture. Known EAEC virulence genes, such as aggR, aat and aap, were present in all but one of the strains. A variety of fimbrial genes were observed, including genes encoding all five known fimbrial types, AAF/1 to AAF/V. The AAI operon was present in its entirety in 15 of the EAEC strains, absent in three and present, but incomplete, in two isolates. EAEC is known to be a diverse pathotype and this study demonstrates that a high level of diversity in strains recovered from cases associated with a single outbreak. Although the EAEC in this study did not carry the stx genes, this outbreak provides further evidence of the pathogenic potential of the EAEC O104:H4 serotype.
As worldwide life expectancy rises, the number of candidates for surgical treatment of esophageal cancer over 70 years will increase. This study aims to examine outcomes after esophagectomy in elderly patients.
Retrospective review of 474 patients undergoing esophagectomy for cancer during 2002–2011. 334 (70.5%) patients were <70 years old (group A), 124 (26.2%) 70–79 years (group B) and 16 (3.4%) ≥80 years (group C). We analyzed the effect of age on outcome variables including overall and disease specific survival.
Major morbidity was observed to occur in 115 (35.6%) patients of group A, 58 (47.9%) of group B and 10 (62.5%) of group C (p=0.010). Mortality, both 30- and 90-day was observed in 2(0.6%) and 7(2.2%) of group A, 4(3.2%) and 7 (6.1%) of group B, and 1(6.3%) and 2(14.3%) of group C, respectively (p=0.032 and p=0.013). Anastomotic leak was observed in 16(4.8%) patients of group A, 6(4.8%) of group B and 0(0%) of group C (p=0.685). Anastomotic stricture (defined by the need for ≥2 dilations) was observed in 76(22.8%) of group A, 13(10.5%) of group B and 1(6.3%) of group C (p=0.005). Five-year overall and disease specific survival was 64.8% and 72.4% for group A, 41.7% and 53.4% for group B, 49.2% and 49.2% for group C patients (p=0.0006), respectively.
Esophagectomy should be carefully considered in patients 70–79 years old and can be justified with low mortality. Outcomes in octogenarians are worse suggesting esophagectomy be considered on a case by case basis. Stricture rate is inversely associated to age.
Esophagus; Esophageal cancer; Esophageal surgery; Outcomes; Statistics-regression analysis
The importance of wild bird populations as a reservoir of zoonotic pathogens is well established. Salmonellosis is a frequently diagnosed infectious cause of mortality of garden birds in England and Wales, predominantly caused by Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Typhimurium definitive phage types 40, 56(v) and 160. In Britain, these phage types are considered highly host-adapted with a high degree of genetic similarity amongst isolates, and in some instances are clonal. Pulsed field gel electrophoresis, however, demonstrated minimal variation amongst matched DT40 and DT56(v) isolates derived from passerine and human incidents of salmonellosis across England in 2000–2007. Also, during the period 1993–2012, similar temporal and spatial trends of infection with these S. Typhimurium phage types occurred in both the British garden bird and human populations; 1.6% of all S. Typhimurium (0.2% of all Salmonella) isolates from humans in England and Wales over the period 2000–2010. These findings support the hypothesis that garden birds act as the primary reservoir of infection for these zoonotic bacteria. Most passerine salmonellosis outbreaks identified occurred at and around feeding stations, which are likely sites of public exposure to sick or dead garden birds and their faeces. We, therefore, advise the public to practise routine personal hygiene measures when feeding wild birds and especially when handling sick wild birds.
Typhoid fever is a systemic infection caused by the bacterium Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi. Age, sex, prolonged duration of illness, and infection with an antimicrobial resistant organism have been proposed risk factors for the development of severe disease or fatality in typhoid fever.
We analysed clinical data from 581 patients consecutively admitted with culture confirmed typhoid fever to two hospitals in Vietnam during two periods in 1993–1995 and 1997–1999. These periods spanned a change in the antimicrobial resistance phenotypes of the infecting organisms i.e. fully susceptible to standard antimicrobials, resistance to chloramphenicol, ampicillin and trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole (multidrug resistant, MDR), and intermediate susceptibility to ciprofloxacin (nalidixic acid resistant). Age, sex, duration of illness prior to admission, hospital location and the presence of MDR or intermediate ciprofloxacin susceptibility in the infecting organism were examined by logistic regression analysis to identify factors independently associated with severe typhoid at the time of hospital admission.
The prevalence of severe typhoid was 15.5% (90/581) and included: gastrointestinal bleeding (43; 7.4%); hepatitis (29; 5.0%); encephalopathy (16; 2.8%); myocarditis (12; 2.1%); intestinal perforation (6; 1.0%); haemodynamic shock (5; 0.9%), and death (3; 0.5%). Severe disease was more common with increasing age, in those with a longer duration of illness and in patients infected with an organism exhibiting intermediate susceptibility to ciprofloxacin. Notably an MDR phenotype was not associated with severe disease. Severe disease was independently associated with infection with an organism with an intermediate susceptibility to ciprofloxacin (AOR 1.90; 95% CI 1.18-3.07; p = 0.009) and male sex (AOR 1.61 (1.00-2.57; p = 0.035).
In this group of patients hospitalised with typhoid fever infection with an organism with intermediate susceptibility to ciprofloxacin was independently associated with disease severity. During this period many patients were being treated with fluoroquinolones prior to hospital admission. Ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin should be used with caution in patients infected with S. Typhi that have intermediate susceptibility to ciprofloxacin.
Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi; Severe typhoid; Antimicrobial resistance; Multidrug resistance; Intermediate ciprofloxacin susceptibility
The clinical, human and economic burden associated with sepsis is huge. Initiatives such as the Surviving Sepsis Campaign aim to effectively reduce risk of death from severe sepsis and septic shock. Nonetheless, although substantial benefits raised from the implementation of this campaign have been obtained, much work remains if we are to realise the full potential promised by this strategy. A deeper understanding of the processes leading to sepsis is necessary before we can design an effective suite of interventions. Dysregulation of the immune response to infection is acknowledged to contribute to the pathogenesis of the disease. Production of both proinflammatory and immunosuppressive cytokines is observed from the very first hours following diagnosis. In addition, hypogammaglobulinemia is often present in patients with septic shock. Moreover, levels of IgG, IgM and IgA at diagnosis correlate directly with survival. In turn, nonsurvivors have lower levels of C4 (a protein of the complement system) than the survivors. Natural killer cell counts and function also seem to have an important role in this disease. HLA-DR in the surface of monocytes and counts of CD4+CD25+ T-regulatory cells in blood could also be useful biomarkers for sepsis. At the genomic level, repression of networks corresponding to major histocompatibility complex antigen presentation is observed in septic shock. In consequence, cumulative evidence supports the potential role of immunological monitoring to guide measures to prevent or treat sepsis in a personalised and timely manner (early antibiotic administration, immunoglobulin replacement, immunomodulation). In conclusion, although diffuse and limited, current available information supports the development of large comprehensive studies aimed to urgently evaluate immunological monitoring as a tool to prevent sepsis, guide its treatment and, as a consequence, diminish the morbidity and mortality associated with this severe condition.
Multilocus variable number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) provides microbiological support for investigations of clusters of cases of infection with Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) O157. All confirmed STEC O157 isolated in England and submitted to the Gastrointestinal Bacteria Reference Unit (GBRU) during a six month period were typed using MLVA, with the aim of assessing the impact of this approach on epidemiological investigations. Of 539 cases investigated, 341 (76%) had unique (>2 single locus variants) MLVA profiles, 12% of profiles occurred more than once due to known household transmission and 12% of profiles occurred as part of 41 clusters, 21 of which were previously identified through routine public health investigation of cases. The remaining 20 clusters were not previously detected and STEC enhanced surveillance data for associated cases were retrospectively reviewed for epidemiological links including shared exposures, geography and/or time. Additional evidence of a link between cases was found in twelve clusters. Compared to phage typing, the number of sporadic cases was reduced from 69% to 41% and the diversity index for MLVA was 0.996 versus 0.782 for phage typing. Using MLVA generates more data on the spatial and temporal dispersion of cases, better defining the epidemiology of STEC infection than phage typing. The increased detection of clusters through MLVA typing highlights the challenges to health protection practices, providing a forerunner to the advent of whole genome sequencing as a diagnostic tool.
Campylobacter coli strain 15-537360 was originally isolated in 2001 from a 42-year-old patient with gastroenteritis. Here, we report its complete genome sequence, which comprises a 1.7-Mbp chromosome and a 29-kbp conjugative cryptic plasmid. This is the first complete genome sequence of a clinical isolate of C. coli.
Many human lung diseases, such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, bronchiolitis obliterans, and cystic fibrosis, are characterized by changes in the cellular composition and architecture of the airway epithelium. Intravital fluorescence microscopy has emerged as a powerful approach in mechanistic studies of diseases, but it has been difficult to apply this tool for in vivo respiratory cell biology in animals in a minimally invasive manner. Here, we describe a novel miniature side-view confocal probe capable of visualizing the epithelium in the mouse trachea in vivo at a single-cell resolution. We performed serial real-time endotracheal fluorescence microscopy in live transgenic reporter mice to view the three major cell types of the large airways, namely, basal cells, Clara cells, and ciliated cells. As a proof-of-concept demonstration, we monitored the regeneration of Clara cells over 18 days after a sulfur dioxide injury. Our results show that in vivo tracheal microscopy offers a new approach in the study of altered, regenerating, or metaplastic airways in animal models of lung diseases.
in vivo fluorescence microscopy; mouse imaging; epithelial regeneration
Invasive Non-typhoidal Salmonella (iNTS) are an important cause of bacteraemia in children and HIV-infected adults in sub-Saharan Africa. Previous research has shown that iNTS strains exhibit a pattern of gene loss that resembles that of host adapted serovars such as Salmonella Typhi and Paratyphi A. Salmonella enterica serovar Bovismorbificans was a common serovar in Malawi between 1997 and 2004.
We sequenced the genomes of 14 Malawian bacteraemia and four veterinary isolates from the UK, to identify genomic variations and signs of host adaptation in the Malawian strains.
Whole genome phylogeny of invasive and veterinary S. Bovismorbificans isolates showed that the isolates are highly related, belonging to the most common international S. Bovismorbificans Sequence Type, ST142, in contrast to the findings for S. Typhimurium, where a distinct Sequence Type, ST313, is associated with invasive disease in sub-Saharan Africa. Although genome degradation through pseudogene formation was observed in ST142 isolates, there were no clear overlaps with the patterns of gene loss seen in iNTS ST313 isolates previously described from Malawi, and no clear distinction between S. Bovismorbificans isolates from Malawi and the UK.
The only defining differences between S. Bovismorbificans bacteraemia and veterinary isolates were prophage-related regions and the carriage of a S. Bovismorbificans virulence plasmid (pVIRBov).
iNTS S. Bovismorbificans isolates, unlike iNTS S. Typhiumrium isolates, are only distinguished from those circulating elsewhere by differences in the mobile genome. It is likely that these strains have entered a susceptible population and are able to take advantage of this niche. There are tentative signs of convergent evolution to a more human adapted iNTS variant. Considering its importance in causing disease in this region, S. Bovismorbificans may be at the beginning of this process, providing a reference against which to compare changes that may become fixed in future lineages in sub-Saharan Africa.
Bacteraemia and meningitis caused by non-typhoidal Salmonella (including serovars Typhimurium, Enteritidis and Bovismorbificans) are a serious health issue in sub-Saharan Africa, particularly in young children and HIV-infected adults. Previous work has indicated that a distinct S. Typhimurium sequence type, ST313, has evolved and spread in these countries, and may be more human-adapted than isolates found in the developed world. We therefore investigated the genomes of Salmonella enterica serovar Bovismorbificans bacteraemia isolates from Malawi and compared them to genomes of veterinary S. Bovismorbificans isolates from the UK using Next Generation Sequencing Technology and subsequent genomic comparisons to establish if there is a genetic basis for this increase in invasive disease observed among African NTS. Contrary to the previous findings for S. Typhimurium, where a distinct ST is found only in sub-Saharan Africa, we discovered that the S. Bovismorbificans isolates from Malawi belong to the most common ST of the serovar and the genome is highly conserved across all sequenced isolates. The major differences between UK veterinary and African human isolates were due to prophage regions inserted into the genomes of African isolates, coupled with a higher prevalence of a virulence plasmid compared to the UK isolates.
Open lung biopsy in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) may provide a specific etiology and change clinical management, yet concerns about complications remain. Persistent air leak is the most common postoperative complication. Risk factors in this setting are not known.
We performed a retrospective analysis of 53 patients who underwent open lung biopsy for clinical ARDS (based on American European Consensus Conference criteria) between 1989 and 2000.
Sixteen patients (30.2%) developed an air leak lasting more than 7 days or died with an air leak. Univariate analyses showed no significant correlation with age, gender, sex, corticosteroid use, diabetes, immunocompromised status, or pathologic diagnosis. A lower risk of air leak was associated with lower peak airway pressure and tidal volume, use of pressure-cycled ventilation, and use of an endoscopic stapling device. In multivariate analyses, only peak airway pressure remained a significant predictor. The risk of prolonged air leak was reduced by 42% (95% confidence interval [CI: 17% to 60%]) for every 5 cm H2O reduction in peak airway pressure.
The use of a lung-protective ventilatory strategy that limits peak airway pressures is strongly associated with a reduced risk of postoperative air leak after open lung biopsy in ARDS. Using such a strategy may allow physicians to obtain information from open lung biopsy to make therapeutic decisions without undue harm to ARDS patients.
The putative virulence and antimicrobial resistance gene contents of extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-positive E. coli (n=629) isolated between 2005 and 2009 from humans, animals and animal food products in Germany, The Netherlands and the UK were compared using a microarray approach to test the suitability of this approach with regard to determining their similarities. A selection of isolates (n=313) were also analysed by multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Isolates harbouring blaCTX-M-group-1 dominated (66%, n=418) and originated from both animals and cases of human infections in all three countries; 23% (n=144) of all isolates contained both blaCTX-M-group-1 and blaOXA-1-like genes, predominantly from humans (n=127) and UK cattle (n=15). The antimicrobial resistance and virulence gene profiles of this collection of isolates were highly diverse. A substantial number of human isolates (32%, n=87) did not share more than 40% similarity (based on the Jaccard coefficient) with animal isolates. A further 43% of human isolates from the three countries (n=117) were at least 40% similar to each other and to five isolates from UK cattle and one each from Dutch chicken meat and a German dog; the members of this group usually harboured genes such as mph(A), mrx, aac(6’)-Ib, catB3, blaOXA-1-like and blaCTX-M-group-1. forty-four per cent of the MLST-typed isolates in this group belonged to ST131 (n=18) and 22% to ST405 (n=9), all from humans. Among animal isolates subjected to MLST (n=258), only 1.2% (n=3) were more than 70% similar to human isolates in gene profiles and shared the same MLST clonal complex with the corresponding human isolates. The results suggest that minimising human-to-human transmission is essential to control the spread of ESBL-positive E. coli in humans.
The methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) genes and folate in one-carbon metabolism are essential for DNA methylation and synthesis. However, their role in carcinogen DNA damage in target lung tissue, a dosimeter for cancer risk, is not known. Our study aimed to investigate the association between genetic and nutritional one-carbon metabolism factors and DNA adducts in target lung. Data on 135 lung cancer cases from the Massachusetts General Hospital were studied. Genotyping was completed for MTHFR C677T (rs1801133) and A1298C (rs1801131). Information on dietary intake for one-carbon related micronutrients, folate and other B vitamin, was derived from a validated food frequency questionnaire. DNA adducts in lung were measured by 32P-postlabeling. After adjusting for potential confounders, DNA adduct levels in lung significantly increased by 69.2% [95% confidence interval (CI), 5.5% to 171.5%] for the MTHFR 1298AC+CC genotype. The high risk group, combining the A1298C (AC+CC) plus C677T (CT+TT) genotypes, had significantly enhanced levels of lung adducts by 210.7% (95% CI, 21.4% to 695.2%) in contrast to the A1298C (AA) plus C677T (CC) genotypes. Elevation of DNA adduct was pronounced - 111.3% (95% CI, −3.0 to 360.5%) among 1298AC+CC patients who consumed the lowest level of folate intake as compared with 1298AA individuals with highest tertile of intake. These results indicate that DNA adducts levels are influenced by MTHFR polymorphisms and low folate consumption, suggesting an important role of genetic and nutritional factors in protecting DNA damage from lung carcinogen in at-risk populations.
MTHFR; folate; genetic polymorphisms; DNA adducts; one carbon metabolism
In 2009, an outbreak of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) on an open farm infected 93 persons, and approximately 22% of these individuals developed hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS). Genome sequencing was used to investigate outbreak-derived animal and human EHEC isolates. Phylogeny based on the whole-genome sequence was used to place outbreak isolates in the context of the overall E. coli species and the O157:H7 sequence type 11 (ST11) subgroup. Four informative single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified and used to design an assay to type 122 other outbreak isolates. The SNP phylogeny demonstrated that the outbreak strain was from a lineage distinct from previously reported O157:H7 ST11 EHEC and was not a member of the hypervirulent clade 8. The strain harbored determinants for two Stx2 verotoxins and other putative virulence factors. When linked to the epidemiological information, the sequence data indicate that gross contamination of a single outbreak strain occurred across the farm prior to the first clinical report of HUS. The most likely explanation for these results is that a single successful strain of EHEC spread from a single introduction through the farm by clonal expansion and that contamination of the environment (including the possible colonization of several animals) led ultimately to human cases.
According to pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) typing, 4,12:a:− Salmonella enterica isolates from harbor porpoises are highly diverse. However, porpoise isolates belong to only two multilocus sequence types within the eBurst group 18 (eBG18) genetic cluster, which also includes S. enterica serovars Bispebjerg and Abortusequi. Isolates of other, serologically similar serovars belong to unrelated eBGs. These assignments to eBGs were supported by eBG-specific sequences of the flagellar gene fliC.
A highly invasive form of non-typhoidal Salmonella (iNTS) disease has been recently documented in many countries in sub-Saharan Africa. The most common Salmonella enterica serovar causing this disease is Typhimurium. We applied whole-genome sequence-based phylogenetic methods to define the population structure of sub-Saharan African invasive Salmonella Typhimurium and compared these to global Salmonella Typhimurium isolates. Notably, the vast majority of sub-Saharan invasive Salmonella Typhimurium fell within two closely-related, highly-clustered phylogenetic lineages that we estimate emerged independently ~52 and ~35 years ago, in close temporal association with the current HIV pandemic. Clonal replacement of isolates of lineage I by lineage II was potentially influenced by the use of chloramphenicol for the treatment of iNTS disease. Our analysis suggests that iNTS disease is in part an epidemic in sub-Saharan Africa caused by highly related Salmonella Typhimurium lineages that may have occupied new niches associated with a compromised human population and antibiotic treatment.
Deriving lung progenitors from patient-specific pluripotent cells is a key step in producing differentiated lung epithelium for disease modeling and transplantation. By mimicking the signaling events that occur during mouse lung development, we generated murine lung progenitors in a series of discrete steps. Definitive endoderm derived from mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) was converted into foregut endoderm, then into replicating Nkx2.1+ lung endoderm, and finally into multipotent embryonic lung progenitor and airway progenitor cells. We demonstrated that precisely-timed BMP, FGF, and WNT signaling are required for NKX2.1 induction. Mouse ESC-derived Nkx2.1+ progenitor cells formed respiratory epithelium (tracheospheres) when transplanted subcutaneously into mice. We then adapted this strategy to produce disease-specific lung progenitor cells from human Cystic Fibrosis induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), creating a platform for dissecting human lung disease. These disease-specific human lung progenitors formed respiratory epithelium when subcutaneously engrafted into immunodeficient mice.
Salmonella Typhi and Typhimurium diverged only ∼50 000 years ago, yet have very different host ranges and pathogenicity. Despite the availability of multiple whole-genome sequences, the genetic differences that have driven these changes in phenotype are only beginning to be understood. In this study, we use transposon-directed insertion-site sequencing to probe differences in gene requirements for competitive growth in rich media between these two closely related serovars. We identify a conserved core of 281 genes that are required for growth in both serovars, 228 of which are essential in Escherichia coli. We are able to identify active prophage elements through the requirement for their repressors. We also find distinct differences in requirements for genes involved in cell surface structure biogenesis and iron utilization. Finally, we demonstrate that transposon-directed insertion-site sequencing is not only applicable to the protein-coding content of the cell but also has sufficient resolution to generate hypotheses regarding the functions of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) as well. We are able to assign probable functions to a number of cis-regulatory ncRNA elements, as well as to infer likely differences in trans-acting ncRNA regulatory networks.
Laboratory investigation of bacterial infections generally takes two days: one to grow the bacteria and another to identify them and to test their susceptibility. Meanwhile the patient is treated empirically, based on likely pathogens and local resistance rates. Many patients are over-treated to prevent under-treatment of a few, compromising antibiotic stewardship. Molecular diagnostics have potential to improve this situation by accelerating precise diagnoses and the early refinement of antibiotic therapy. They include: (i) the use of 'biomarkers' to swiftly distinguish patients with bacterial infection, and (ii) molecular bacteriology to identify pathogens and their resistance genes in clinical specimens, without culture. Biomarker interest centres on procalcitonin, which has given good results particularly for pneumonias, though broader biomarker arrays may prove superior in the future. PCRs already are widely used to diagnose a few infections (e.g. tuberculosis) whilst multiplexes are becoming available for bacteraemia, pneumonia and gastrointestinal infection. These detect likely pathogens, but are not comprehensive, particularly for resistance genes; there is also the challenge of linking pathogens and resistance genes when multiple organisms are present in a sample. Next-generation sequencing offers more comprehensive profiling, but obstacles include sensitivity when the bacterial load is low, as in bacteraemia, and the imperfect correlation of genotype and phenotype. In short, rapid molecular bacteriology presents great potential to improve patient treatments and antibiotic stewardship but faces many technical challenges; moreover it runs counter to the current nostrum of defining resistance in pharmacodynamic terms, rather than by the presence of a mechanism, and the policy of centralising bacteriology services.
Biomarkers; Molecular microbiology; Rapid diagnostics; Antibiotic stewardship
The initial aim of this study was to use a systems biology approach to analyse a ciprofloxacin-selected multidrug-resistant (MDR) Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium, L664.
The whole genome sequence and transcriptome of L664 were analysed. Site-directed mutagenesis to recreate each mutation was carried out, followed by phenotypic characterization and mutation frequency analysis. As a mutation in the TCA cycle was detected we tested the controversial hypothesis regarding the bacterial response to bactericidal antibiotics, put forward by Kohanski et al. (Cell 2007; 130: 797–810 and Mol Cell 2010; 37: 311–20), that exposure of bacteria to agents such as ciprofloxacin produces reactive oxygen species (ROS), which transiently increase the mutation rate giving rise to MDR bacteria.
L664 contained a mutation in ramR that conferred MDR. A mutation in tctA affected the TCA cycle and conferred the inability to grow on minimal agar. The virulence of L664 was not attenuated. Ciprofloxacin exposure produced ROS in L664 and SL1344 (tctA::aph), but it was reduced and occurred later. There were no significant differences in the rates of killing or mutations per generation to antibiotic resistance between the strains.
Whilst we confirm production of ROS in response to ciprofloxacin, we have no data to support the hypothesis that this leads to selection of MDR strains. Our results indicate that the mutations in tctA and glgA were random as they did not pre-exist in the parental strain, and that the mutation in tctA did not provide a survival advantage or disadvantage in the presence of antibiotic.
TctA; RamR; efflux pumps; genome sequences


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Coca-Cola (can) - 24x330ml
Coca-Cola original taste is the world’s favourite soft drink and has been enjoyed since 1886. You can find Coca-Cola original taste in a variety of sizes to suit every lifestyle and occasion.
- Each case contains 24 individual 330ml cans.
- Sold in shrink-wrapped packaging, each can is made of aluminium.
- 32mg caffeine per can.
- Suitable for vegans and vegetarians.
Key: Contains May Contain Does Not Contain
|Ingredients||Carbonated Water, Sugar, Colour (Caramel E150D), Phosphoric Acid, Natural Flavourings Including Caffeine.|
|Energy per 100g (kcal)||42|
|Energy per 100g (kJ)||180|
|Fat per 100g (g)||0|
|Fat of which Saturates per 100g (g)||0|
|Carbohydrate Per 100g (g)||10.6|
|Carbohydrate of which Sugars per 100g (g)||10.6|
|Protein per 100g (g)||0|
|Salt per 100g (g)||0|
|Suitable for a Vegetarian Diet||Yes|
|Suitable for a Vegan Diet||Yes|
|Suitable for Sufferers of Lactose Intolerance||No|
|Suitable for Coeliacs||No|
|Suitable for Nut Allergy Sufferer||Yes|
|Approved for a Halal Diet||No|
|Approved for a Kosher Diet||No|


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The man whose personal archives are the foundation for the Civil Rights Library of St Augustine, Flagler College’s new Internet-based multimedia archive documenting the St Augustine Civil Rights Movement, will speak at Flagler College on September 19th as part of the College’s “Ideas and Images” program.
Civil Rights activist Andrew Young, a United States Ambassador to the United Nations, worked under the Rev. Martin Luther King Jr. and was highly involved in civil rights protests in St Augustine during the Civil Rights Movement in the early 1960′s.
“A Conversation with Andrew Young” will take place on September 19th at 7:00 p.m. in the Lewis Auditorium at Flagler College located at 14 Granada Street in St Augustine.
The College presents the visiting scholars and artists programs to the greater St Augustine community free of charge; featuring a sought-after mix of international artists and authors.

domain: history