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Objective: To study the safety and efficacy of the cholinesterase inhibitor donepezil in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and cognitive impairment.
Methods: This was a double blind, randomised and placebo controlled, crossover study in which 14 patients with PD and cognitive impairment received donepezil (5 or 10 mg per day) or matching placebo during two sequential periods lasting 10 weeks each. The primary outcome measures were the mini mental state examination (MMSE) score, the clinician's interview based impression of change plus caregiver input (CIBIC+) score, and the motor subscale of the unified Parkinson's disease rating scale (UPDRS).
Results: Two patients on donepezil (14%) dropped out after one and four weeks of the first treatment period because of peripheral cholinergic side effects, otherwise the adverse effects were few and not severe. Carryover or residual effects were not observed. Parkinsonism did not increase during donepezil treatment. After 10 weeks of treatment, the mean MMSE score was increased by 2.1(SD 2.7) points on donepezil and 0.3 (SD 3.2) points on placebo, and the CIBIC+ score was 3.3 (SD 0.9) on donepezil and 4.1 (SD 0.8) on placebo. Statistical analysis of the repeated measurements and crossover study design showed significant effects of donepezil compared with placebo for MMSE (p=0.013) and CIBIC+ (p=0.034). Five (42%) patients on donepezil and two (17%) on placebo were rated as improved on the basis of the CIBIC+ score.
Conclusions: Donepezil improves cognition, and seems to be well tolerated and not to worsen parkinsonism in patients with cognitive impairment.
- Parkinson's disease
- cognitive impairment
- PD, Parkinson's disease
- MMSE, mini mental state examination
- UPDRS, unified Parkinson's disease rating scale
- NPI, neuropsychiatric inventory
- DLB, dementia with Lewy bodies
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- PD, Parkinson's disease
- MMSE, mini mental state examination
- UPDRS, unified Parkinson's disease rating scale
- NPI, neuropsychiatric inventory
- DLB, dementia with Lewy bodies
The prevalence of Parkinson's disease (PD) is nearly 1% in the population 65 years of age and above.1 Cognitive impairment and dementia often accompany the motor manifestations of the disease. Studies suggest that 25–30% of patients with PD are demented,2 and the risk of dementia in PD is nearly six times higher than in the general population.3 Cognitive impairment in patients with PD has important clinical consequences with regard to risk for nursing home placement4 and caregiver stress.5
PD is caused by a progressive degeneration of dopaminergic neurones in the substantia nigra where the principal neuropathological finding is Lewy bodies.6 These are also found in the cortex of most patients with PD7 and may contribute to the development of dementia.8 Neuropathological9 and imaging10 studies in patients with PD who have dementia have shown appreciable dysfunction of the cholinergic neurones in the nucleus of Meynert and their cortical terminals, suggesting that cholinergic deficits are also involved in the cognitive impairment in PD.
Cholinergic deficits are typical in Alzheimer's disease,9 in which treatment with cholinesterase inhibitors improves cognition and activities of daily living.11 There is also evidence to suggest that cholinergic agents improve cognition in dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB),12 a disorder with clinical, neurochemical, and pathological similarities to PD.13 Preliminary results from an open study of treatment of cognitively impaired patients with PD with the cholinesterase inhibitor tacrine14 suggest that this class of drugs improves cognition in PD, but placebo controlled studies have not yet been reported. The aim of this study was therefore to test the hypothesis that a cholinesterase inhibitor, donepezil, improves cognition in patients with PD and cognitive impairment. Because concern has been expressed that cholinesterase inhibitors may increase parkinsonism, the motor symptoms of PD were monitored during the study.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Consecutive patients with PD and cognitive impairment, diagnosed at the outpatient clinic of the Department of Neurology at the Central Hospital of Rogaland, Stavanger, were invited to participate. The diagnostic evaluation comprised physical and neurological examinations, a clinical interview of the patient and caregiver based on the Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 4th ed15 (DSM-IV) criteria for dementia due to PD, neuropsychological examination, routine blood tests, a computed tomography scan of the brain, and a chest radiograph. To exclude patients with a lower probability of idiopathic PD, only patients with clinically definite and probable PD, according to published criteria,16 were recruited to the study. A diagnosis of clinically definite PD requires that the patient has resting tremor, at least two additional cardinal signs (akinesia, rigidity, or postural abnormalities), unilateral onset and asymmetrical development of the disease, and a good to excellent response to a dopaminergic drug. No atypical features should be present in the history or on the clinical examination. For a diagnosis of clinically probable PD, the patient should have at least two of the four cardinal features of parkinsonism. Resting tremor is not mandatory, and not more than one of the following clinical features may be present: mild dementia or clinically relevant autonomic failure at disease onset; symmetrical disease presentation; no better than a moderate response to a dopaminergic agent; other atypical features.
The inclusion criteria were: mild to severe parkinsonism (Hoehn and Yahr17 stage less than 5); age 45–95 years; clinical evidence of decline in memory and at least one other category of cognitive function; onset of cognitive decline starting one year or more after the onset of parkinsonism; a mini mental state examination (MMSE)18 score of 16–26. (Patients with more severe cognitive impairment would not be able to complete the neuropsychological battery.) The treatment of the disease should have remained stable during the month preceding the baseline evaluation, and was continued during the study. The spouse or another caregiver accompanied the patient to the hospital for the assessments to act as an informant. Patients with brain disease other than PD or with other severe medical disorders were excluded. The subjects were not be taking anticholinergic drugs or psychotropic agents with anticholinergic effects. All patients provided informed consent, and the study protocol was approved by the committee for ethics in biomedical research of the University of Bergen, Norway.
This was a double blind, placebo controlled, crossover trial with two treatment periods of 10 weeks each. A randomisation list was computer generated according to a randomised block design. The various treatment-placebo and placebo-treatment blocks were then issued with a medication number and assigned to consecutive patients. The principal investigator (DA) was given a sealed envelope containing the individual treatment regimens of each patient. This envelope was to be opened only in case of emergency. All personnel involved in the study remained unaware of the group assignment until all patients had completed the trial.
The assessments took place at baseline and after six and 10 weeks of each treatment period—that is, at week 6, 10, 16, and 20. A previous study of donepezil in patients with Alzheimer's disease showed that cognition declined to baseline level within three weeks of withdrawal.19 A washout period between the two treatment periods was therefore not considered necessary. The initial dose was donepezil 5 mg or identically appearing placebo tablets taken once a day in the evening. The dose was increased to 10 mg after six weeks if well tolerated. Glasses containing 49 or 35 tablets were given to the patient and caregiver for each six or four week treatment period respectively—that is, one glass for each patient and each dose. The assessments were scheduled at about the same time of the day for each patient, and patients with parkinsonian motor fluctuations were examined in their “on phase”—that is, at their best level of motor functioning. Short acting hypnotics (zolpidem or zopiklon) were allowed, but longer acting benzodiazepines were not allowed to be taken within the 24 hours before testing.
The primary outcomes were: (a) the MMSE score; (b) the clinician's interview based impression of change (CIBIC+), which provides a global impression of a patient's cognitive improvement or deterioration over time, scored on the basis of an interview with the patient and a caregiver on a seven point scale (1=very much improved; 4=no change; 7=very much worse) by a clinician, blinded to other assessments; (c) the motor subscale of the unified Parkinson's disease rating scale (UPDRS),20 which assesses the severity of parkinsonism. In addition, psychiatric symptoms such as hallucinations, delusions, agitation, depression, and apathy were rated by the psychiatrist using the neuropsychiatric inventory (NPI).21 The caregiver and patient also evaluated whether parkinsonism had improved, declined, or remained unchanged during each treatment period using the same seven point scale as the CIBIC+. In addition, the patients completed a battery of neuropsychological tests assessing verbal and visual memory, executive functions, visuospatial abilities, and attention. These results will be described in more detail elsewhere.
Drug compliance and safety
Dosing compliance was assessed by interviewing the caregiver and tablet counts. Patients were excluded if the number of tablets removed from the bottles divided by the number of treatment days between each visit was outside the range 70–130%. Safety evaluations conducted at each assessment point comprised vital signs and an interview based check list for adverse events based on the Scandinavian society for psychopharmacological scale for side effects.22
Detailed analysis of the outcome variables were carried out using the general linear model (SYSTAT, SPSS Inc) to encompass the repeated measurement and crossover structure of the design. Subject, treatment, period, and a residual effect (nested with period) of the treatment given in the previous period (coded as none, drug, or placebo) were modelled as categorical. Tests for carryover and period effects were performed. Patients were included in the efficacy analysis if they had both a baseline score and at least one score after the baseline (last observation carried forward). Differences in frequency of side effects were tested with McNemar's test of symmetry using exact methods. Data from patients who had received at least one dose of study drugs were considered for the safety analysis. p<0.05 was assumed to be significant.
Thirty three patients were screened, and 14 (13 men, one woman) were randomised (fig 1). Two patients (14%), both male, withdrew from the study because of adverse reactions (dizziness, nausea, and diarrhoea) before the evaluation at week 6 of the first study period; both were receiving donepezil. The remaining 12 all completed the study, assessed according to the protocol, and included in the further analyses. Dose increments were carried out according to the protocol for 11 of the patients. In one patient, the dose was not increased owing to a misunderstanding, and this patient continued on 5 mg donepezil during the final four weeks of the treatment period. Tablet counts showed a high degree of drug compliance (mean 101%, range 83–123%).
Seven subjects were diagnosed as suffering from clinically definite PD and five from clinically probable PD. The mean Hoehn and Yahr stage was 2.4 (range 1–4), age 71.0 (SD 3.9) years, duration of PD 10.8 (SD 5.2) years, baseline MMSE score 20.8 (SD 3.4) (range 16–26), duration of cognitive decline 3.0 (SD 2.6) years, and levodopa dose 485 (SD 256) mg a day. The two treatment groups did not differ with regard to baseline MMSE score, age, or duration of disease. There was a trend towards higher mean UPDRS motor score in the donepezil-placebo group (35.3 (SD 17.0)) compared with the placebo-donepezil group (28.8 (SD 14.0)) (t=0.7, df=10, p=0.49). Eleven patients had impairment of at least two cognitive domains other than memory. Eight patients fulfilled all the DSM-IV criteria for dementia due to PD, while significant functional impairment due to cognitive deficits could not be definitely verified for four.
Effects on primary outcomes
At the end of both treatment periods, patients on donepezil had higher MMSE and lower CIBIC+ scores than those on placebo (table 1), indicating improvement under donepezil treatment. The statistical modelling of the MMSE and the CIBIC+ data showed no significant residual effect nested with treatment period (p=0.87 and p=0.53 respectively). In the group receiving donepezil first, the MMSE score six weeks after crossover to placebo was 20.3 (SD 3.2), compared with 20.8 (SD 3.9) at baseline. There was thus no indication of a carryover effect. A significant treatment effect of donepezil on the MMSE score compared with placebo was found (F=9.1, df=1, p=0.013). On donepezil, the mean MMSE score difference from baseline to week 10 was 2.1 (SD 2.7) points and on placebo 0.3 (SD 3.2) points. Figure 2 shows the mean MMSE scores by group. There were negative, but non-significant, correlations between baseline MMSE scores and change during donepezil treatment at week 6 (Pearson r=−0.01) and week 10 (r=−0.38, p=0.22).
Three patients had missing data on the CIBIC+ (two at week 6 and one at week 16). These data points were coded as no change. After 10 weeks of treatment, five (42%) patients on donepezil and two (17%) on placebo were rated as improved—that is, a CIBIC+ score of 3 or lower. The mean CIBIC+ score at week 10 was 3.3 (SD 0.9) during donepezil treatment and 4.1 (SD 0.8) during placebo treatment. Statistical modelling showed a significant treatment effect in favour of donepezil on this outcome also (F=6.0, df=1, p=0.034). Reanalysis of the data without recoding the missing CIBIC+ data points, thereby excluding data from three cases from the analysis, resulted in a p value of 0.079.
The scores on the UPDRS motor subscale disclosed no deterioration in parkinsonian symptoms after 10 weeks of treatment with donepezil (p=0.37). Similarly, neither the caregivers nor the patients reported worsening of parkinsonism (p=0.20) (table 1). Few of the 12 patients had positive NPI scores on delusions (n=3), hallucinations (n=2), agitation (n=1), depression (n=6), or apathy (n=5) at baseline, and mean NPI scores were low at baseline. No significant treatment effects were observed with regard to any of the NPI items (results not shown).
Table 2 shows the proportion of patients reporting adverse events. The number of patients reporting any adverse events while taking donepezil was 10 out of 14 (71%) and while taking placebo nine out of 12 (75%) (14 patients entered the donepezil condition, and only 12 the placebo condition). Most specific examples of adverse events were more common during donepezil than during placebo treatment, but statistical significance (McNemar's test) was not reached. However, owing to the few patients in the study, the power of detecting significant differences was low.
This study shows that donepezil improves performance on the MMSE and the clinician's interview based impression of cognition in patients with PD and cognitive impairment. Clinical improvement was reported for 42% of the patients receiving donepezil compared with 17% receiving placebo. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first placebo controlled trial reporting a benefit of a cholinesterase inhibitor in patients with PD and cognitive impairment. We found no indication that such treatment worsens parkinsonism. Two of 14 patients withdrew because of typical side effects of donepezil. The remaining 12 did not report significantly more side effects in the donepezil than the placebo condition. However, the power of this small study is evidently too low to give precise estimates for the prevalence of side effects of donepezil in patients with PD and cognitive impairment.
The small sample size and the skewed sex distribution may raise concern about the representativeness of the patients. However, age, disease duration, stage of parkinsonism, and level of cognitive impairment as measured by the MMSE score were similar to that of a representative community based sample of patients with PD and mild to moderate dementia previously reported.2 Eight patients fulfilled the DSM-IV criteria for dementia due to PD, and another three fulfilled the dementia criteria suggested by Cummings and Benson.23 This suggests that the results are generalisable to patients with PD and mild to moderate dementia.
As patients with parkinsonism and dementia may also fulfil criteria for possible DLB,24 there was a possibility that patients with DLB erroneously diagnosed as suffering from PD were included. Care was therefore taken to exclude patients who might fulfil clinical criteria for DLB. According to an international panel of experts, the main clinical feature distinguishing PD from DLB is the sequence of the development of symptoms. In particular, if dementia24 or hallucinations25 develops within one year of onset of parkinsonism, such patients should be diagnosed with DLB and not PD. This type of patient was excluded from this study. In our study, the mean duration of parkinsonism was nearly 10 years before cognitive decline started to become evident, strongly indicating that the patients included would have been diagnosed as PD and not DLB using modern diagnostic criteria.26 On the other hand, patients with PD often have some Lewy bodies in their cerebral cortex,7 and recent studies suggest that cortical Lewy bodies contribute to dementia in PD.8 Thus, DLB and PD with dementia may be neuropathologically indistinguishable. Further studies are needed to clarify the exact clinical, pathological, and nosological distinction between DLB and PD.
The advantage of a crossover design is that comparison can be made within subjects rather than between subjects, and the sample size needed will therefore be smaller.27 However, the disadvantage is the risk of confounding caused by carryover and period effects, and that patients may be withdrawn during the first treatment period and therefore not receive the second treatment. The results in our study did not indicate any carryover effect. This is consistent with studies on Alzheimer's disease showing that the effect of donepezil had disappeared three weeks after withdrawal.19
Neocortical cholinergic activity is reduced in PD and at least as severe in patients with PD and dementia as in patients with Alzheimer's disease.9, 28 Choline acetyltransferase activity in the temporal cortex of patients with PD and dementia correlates with the number of cholinergic neurones in the nucleus of Meynert and with cognition, but not with the extent of plaques or tangles.29 There are indications that postsynaptic muscarinic receptors are better preserved and are more functionally intact in patients with PD and dementia than in those with Alzheimer's disease.9 Accordingly, cholinergic drugs may be more effective in demented patients with PD than in those with Alzheimer's disease. This may explain why the differences between active drug and placebo on the MMSE and CIBIC+ scores seemed more pronounced in our study than in trials on patients with Alzheimer's disease.11 This is also in line with previous reports suggesting a better response to cholinergic treatment in DLB than in Alzheimer's disease.30 However, given the crossover design and the limited number of patients, our findings must be confirmed in larger parallel group trials before donepezil can be recommended for cognitive impairment in patients with PD.
The study received partial support from Pfizer Norway Inc. We thank N G Lim and H R Marianayagam for assistance with patient assessment.
- Aarsland D et al. Donepezil for cognitive impairment in Parkinson�s disease: a randomised controlled study. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2002;72:708-712
An error occurred in the production process in which the codes of the two lines were erroneously interchanged.
Figure 2 Change in mini mental state examination (MMSE) score from baseline over the two treatment sequences. Values are mean (SE).
Competing interests: DA, JPL, and KL have been reimbursed by Pfizer Inc, the manufacturer of donepezil, for attending several conferences, and have received fees for speaking, consulting, and organising education. The present study was partially funded by a grant from Pfizer Inc. None of the authors have been employed by, or hold any stocks or shares in, Pfizer.

domain: health


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By Paul Rhodes
GODDARD – Prompted by information on social media that was incorrect, Goddard city officials were provided with an update last week on the city’s STAR Bond Project.
That project, which has centered on a proposed development of a sports destination complex, a hotel and other amenities on a large tract of land on the south side of Kellogg between 183rd and 199th streets, was back in the news recently when plans for the project fell through. It was the second time in the past six months that project plans had suffered a major setback.
At last week’s meeting of the Goddard City Council, city administrator Brian Silcott walked through the history of the STAR Bond Project, how its funding elements work, and where the project is at now with the recent announcement that a second round of plans for the site had fallen through.
“We know this is going to work,” Silcott told council members during the update last week. “We know we have a good project.”
This story first appeared in the March 1 print edition of The Times-Sentinel. To see stories like this sooner, and to get all your community news, subscribe for home delivery. Call 316-540-0500 today to get The Times-Sentinel news week.
Now, Silcott said, the city is working with Goddard Destination Development on a new proposal for the site. He said the city hopes to have a new announcement “as soon as possible, maybe later this spring.”
As a part of the update, the city answered questions from local residents who were on hand for the discussion.
“We’re looking for this project to get off the ground, and it’s frustrating,” said Goddard resident Jeffery Jones. “People are looking for news from the city, and we’ve gotten more of that in the last two weeks.”
In his review of the project, Silcott noted that the main part of funding for the project is being funded through a STAR Bond District, which includes the Goddard Galleria – where Walmart and Murphy’s Oil are located. So far, Silcott said, sales taxes from those businesses have gone toward repayment of the STAR bonds.
The STAR Bond District was approved in 2013, and a development agreement was adopted in April of 2014. The original plans were for a 50-meter competition pool, seating, ball fields and a hotel.
To satisfy requirements by the state of Kansas, a Community Improvement District was created in 2014 specific to the development site, Silcott said. The city put in $3 million for infrastructure and other costs in that district. Those costs are to be paid off later with taxes from within the CID.
When funding for the original hotel fell through, a new plan for a smaller hotel and a smaller aquatic center was announced. Those are the plans that fell through recently.
So far, of the $29.436 million in STAR bonds that were issued, only about $3 million has been spent for land acquisition, engineering and design.
“A lot of businesses are just waiting for someone to take the first step,” long-time council member Larry Zimmerman said during last week’s update. “If we can keep on plugging away, it will fall into place.”
On a directly related note, a representative for a development group out of Wichita who was on hand for last week’s meeting noted that his group wanted to talk with the city about the project. Silcott said the city has made contact with that development group, as well as others.
In other business at last week’s meeting, the city council:
• Approved an upgrade to the Goddard Police Department’s video recording equipment and storage system. The council approved spending $55,105 on in-car video equipment and additional body cams, along with a central video storage system. The new system can be added onto as needed.
• Received a report on the city’s 2018 work plan. The work plan lays out how city projects and funding tie into budget planning. Silcott described the plan as a “constant feedback loop.”

domain: politics


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According to licensing rights, Danish Netflix is unavailable in Colombia, and also other regions of the entire world.
Danish Netflix is a live online streaming site, providing you with over 1,000 movies for viewers from which to choose. Whether it is sports, documentaries, local movies, your preferred TV shows, or specialty programs, get ready to enjoy it all. But, you must be in USA that the streaming site provides services to. You can watch at home or on the go; you’ll be able to connect to your TV, it is possible to watch on a laptop, your tablet, bluray player or directly with a smart phone.
Unblocking Netflix Denmark in Colombia
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Recommended VPN to watch Netflix Danish
We recommend Hidemyass vpn to look at Netflix in Colombia Itâ€™s only $11.52/month with 30-day money back guaranteed. You can use it to access Denmark Netflix in Colombia also another geo-block channels in US
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This not just mask’s your computer’s identity, it is usually a simple method to be capable of get among the IP addresses, to the countries in that this site does stream to. So, you are likely to be capable to enjoy the teaches you love, and also the local TV that you want to watch, even if you’re not in the USA that stream the website. A VPN is the one other solution; here you are doing pay a monthly fee, however it is only a few dollars monthly. With this, you are able to also get the IP address for just about any of the countries that you simply want to stream through, and you’re going to be able to watch your shows, without your computer’s information being seen online, meaning you are able to stream what you want to watch, as an anonymous viewer.
What you’ll want to watch Netflix Danish in Colombia
In order to look at, you must be signed up with a broadband internet service provider, to be able to be in a position to stream; other than this, You must register on the website and purchase subscription $7.99/month, in order to take advantage of the shows and flicks you want to view on the web page. To register, you merely go to the signup.netflix.com, to be able to sign up, and in order to be capable of view the channel selection, and implies that are currently available. You can watch whatever is up, as long as you are registered to the site.
Do I have to sign up a new account if I currently have Netflix account.
No, it is possible to use your existing Netflix account to watch Danish Netflix in Colombia No need to join for a different one.

domain: entertainment


text:
Natural Resin Agate Nail Art Tools Color Paint Palette Holder Drawing Plate Gel Polish Tips Color Mixing Display
Item: Nail Art Agate Palette
Color: White, Pink, Blue, Purple
Size: About 10*9*1cm / 3.9*3.5*0.4in
Usage: It can be used as a palette or a prop for displaying nail styles.
1. Irregular shape size has about 5mm measuring deviation.
2. Due to the different monitor and light effect, the actual color of the item might be slightly different from the color showed on the pictures. Thank you!
1 X Nail Art Agate Palette

domain: design


text:
When it comes to maintaining a healthy freshwater aquarium, “balance” is the key word. You need to achieve a balance in the species and number of fish you keep in your tank and you also need to balance that out with any invertebrates you have as well. To keep your fish healthy, you need to maintain a healthy balance in your water temperature and other parameters and you must also provide a healthy diet that gives your fish the right balance of nutrients. One thing you may be forgetting about, however, is striking the right balance to achieve a thriving planted tank. Planted tanks can be tricky to maintain successfully because they require more lighting and carbon dioxide than fish-only tanks. Read more to learn the basics about cultivating a thriving planted tank.
Live Plant Requirements
Live aquarium plants are photosynthetic organisms which means that they require light in order to fuel their biological processes. Using light as energy, plants convert carbon dioxide (the product of cellular respiration) into the oxygen your fish need to thrive. To keep your plants healthy, then, you much achieve a balance between the lighting and CO2 levels in your tank. The more carbon dioxide available in your tank, the more oxygen your live plants will be able to produce. It is important to realize, however, that in order to process the extra carbon dioxide your live plants will need extra energy (light).
Supplemental CO2 Options
If you are worried about the CO2 levels in your tank being too low, there are several options you can try to supplement the CO2 in your tank. One of the simplest options is a pill-like supplement that can be added directly to the tank. You can also use a simple yeast reactor – these devices consist of a bottle filled with yeast and sugar. As the yeast feeds on the sugar, it produces CO2 which is released into the tank through a small hose attached to the bottle. These devices are available in a variety of sizes, some of which are completely automatic. It is up to you to decide how much you are willing to invest in this type of product.
Remember, if you are going to supplement the CO2 in your tank, you also need to make sure your lighting system is powerful enough to provide your plants with the extra energy they’ll need. High-powered lighting systems like metal halide and power compact systems are ideal for planted tanks because they produce high-intensity lighting. One thing to be wary of with these lighting systems is that they can produce a great deal of heat in addition to the extra light so you may need to install an auxiliary fan to disperse the heat so it doesn’t overheat the water in your tank.
Other Tips for Planted Tanks
Just like your aquarium fish, live plants are less likely to thrive when the conditions in your tank are not ideal. Live plants require clean water with stable water chemistry and temperature, as do your fish. To keep your tank water clean you should maintain a regular schedule for cleaning your tank and performing water changes. You may also find it helpful to install an EcoBio-Stone in your tank. An EcoBio-Stone is a hassle-free way to boost the biological filtration in your tank to help keep your tank water clean and clear. EcoBi-Block products are infused both with beneficial bacteria and the nutrients they need to thrive. Once installed in your tank, the stone will help to establish and maintain the nitrogen cycle, thus keeping your tank clean and healthy for your live plants.

domain: biology


text:
TERIMA KASIH (THANK YOU)!
Terima Kasih means `Thank you` in the Indonesian language. The name ‘Terima Kasih’ was established during our first project, which introduced a sustainable and responsible way to produce Rattan products in Indonesia. Currently, we have expanded our projects to various countries in Asia and are focussing on sustainable production of diverse products. By buying our products, you support the local population and provide the inhabitants with a sustainable future.
On behalf of all our employees in Asia…

domain: agronomy


The President of the United States Explicitly Endorses Torture – a Crime against Humanity
Even George W. Bush called torture abhorrent. “Freedom from torture is an inalienable human right, and we are committed to building a world where human rights are respected and protected by the rule of law” he wrote on the UN International Day in Support of Victims of Torture in 2004.
Bush’s words were outrageously insincere and hypocritical, considering that his administration brutally tortured hundreds of captives in the war on terror, referring to it euphemistically as “enhanced interrogation”.
But Donald Trump won’t stop telling the world that he approves of torture, thumbing his nose at a basic international norm of legality and decency. What is entirely unprecedented is his willingness to use the word “torture” – a crime by definition – while openly defending it.
Trump conceded that he will defer to his defense secretary, retired Gen. James Mattis, who holds a contrary opinion. But in doing so, he reiterated his personal support for torture.
Mattis “has stated publicly that he does not necessarily believe in torture or waterboarding or however you want to define it – enhanced interrogation I guess would be a word that a lot of – words that a lot of people would like to use,” Trump said at a joint press conference with U.K. Prime Minister Theresa May in January 2017. “I don’t necessarily agree, but I would tell you that he will override because I’m giving him that power.”
Trump continued: “I happen to feel that it does work. I’ve been open about that for a long period of time. But I am going with our leaders. And we’re going to – we’re going to win with or without, but I do disagree.”
Trump told ABC News that he asked “people at the highest levels of intelligence” whether torture works. “I asked them the question: Does it work? Does torture work?” said Trump. “And the answer was: Yes, absolutely.”
Multiple federal laws establish torture as a punishable crime. The 1996 War Crimes Act punishes any “grave breach” of the Geneva conventions, including torture. The 1994 U.S. anti-torture statute says that someone who “commits or attempts to commit torture” can be punished by a 20-year prison sentence. And the UN Convention against Torture, which the U.S. ratified in 1994, says “no exceptional circumstances whatsoever… may be invoked as a justification of torture.” The charter for the International Criminal Court calls it a “crime against humanity” when conducted on civilians, and a “war crime” in the context of war.
Bush and former Vice President Dick Cheney went to outrageous lengths to deny that what they practiced amounted to torture. In one widely-discredited memo, for example, the Bush Justice Department argued that in order to constitute torture, pain inflicted on captives had to rise “to the level of death, organ failure, or the permanent impairment of a significant body function” – a standard that they argued allowed for keeping detainees naked in near-freezing temperatures, handcuffing them in an uncomfortable standing position for up to 40 hours; prolonged sleep deprivation; and waterboarding – an iconic form of torture since the Spanish Inquisition.
President Reagan signed and advocated for the UN Convention against Torture. In his letter to Congress urging its ratification, Reagan described torture as “an abhorrent practice unfortunately still prevalent in the world today.”
Trump has said that he will defer to Mattis. But the New York Times and Washington Post published a draft executive order that would pave the way for reopening the CIA’s secret prisons, or “black sites.” The draft order was widely interpreted as a precursor to possibly restarting torture, and senators from both parties condemned it.
Trump’s statements are certainly having one effect: they hurt the global effort to combat torture, which relies on international pressure from credible nations. Leaders from monarchies, dictatorships, and human rights violators will quickly realize they can practice torture without drawing condemnation from the leader of the free world.
October 21, 2017


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There’s no lack of commentary about the impact of women in U.S. society today. From members of Congress, to social media mavens, tech startup founders, to ministry leaders – the influence of women is more conspicuous than ever.
But when it comes to generosity and stewardship, what impact are women having?
Is there anything different about the style of feminine generosity, especially as more women factor in as contributory income earners, not just family philanthropists?
Just as Mary and Martha had different approaches to welcoming Jesus into their home, women today have different styles of generosity. But, on the whole – and should we be surprised? – they have different tendencies than men.
Martha or Mary?
In 2016, Barna conducted a study on generosity, The Generosity Gap. The primary focus of this research was to understand the differences – by generation – in the ways Christians defined or expressed generosity. However, we also found that women and men differ slightly in their expressions of generosity.
There’s the Martha type, who offers hospitality as her expression of generosity, and the Mary type, who most often gives emotional or relational support. Respondents selected from among five different expressions (monetary support, emotional support, service or volunteering, hospitality, and tangible gifts) which way they are most often generous to others.
Probably unsurprisingly, women indexed higher on emotional or relational support – by a factor of nearly two to one (40 percent of Christian women vs. 23 percent of Christian men) – in their expression of generosity. Accordingly, they less commonly practice each of the other expressions, including hospitality, given their bent toward emotional support. Service is their next most common form of generosity (22 percent of women), followed by monetary support (13 percent).
What does this mean for charitable organizations?
Can they still count on women for donations? Definitely! Must they build individual relationships with all their supporters? Not quite, but knowing that women highly value relationship, this is an important component of engaging many female donors.
Charitable organizations must keep in mind that their female donors highly value relationships.
Neither is it accurate to say that women completely eschew analytical rigor when making a decision to give to a certain cause. They are just as likely as men (about half) to be motivated to give by how well an organization explains what happens with donations. In other words, they have healthy expectations about the charities’ use of funds. However, this analytical evaluation is often balanced by contextual factors, such as “whether I or someone close to me has needed the sort of help the organization provides.” Nearly a third of women consider having a personal connection to a cause a motivating factor (versus only a quarter of men).
Friends of mine have not one but two children with the same chronic disease. My family has walked with them as they have struggled with their kids’ health and relied on God’s mercy each day for years. Needless to say, when we get their annual appeal to raise money for research toward a cure for this disease, not only we, but also our kids jump at the opportunity to help support this effort. That personal connection is powerful!
Most Christian women even admit an emotional response is part of generosity. Nearly half of women (47 percent) say “true generosity” is driven by compassion (compared with one-third of men). It is also impactful for the giver (44 percent) as well as the receiver (42 percent) in their perspective. However, women are more likely than men to say that “true generosity” is seldom or never a duty (32 percent vs. 21 of men). Rather, it is a response to Christ’s love (52 percent of Christian women say this is always true).
God’s desire for us is not just to share what he has given us monetarily, but to share the fullness of our gifts – living into who he made us to be, for his glory and our growth.
I love this picture of generosity – one that goes far beyond the dollars and resources we have at our fingertips but reaches in, to our hearts, and stretches out, to our neighbor. God’s desire for us is not just to share what he has given us monetarily, but to share the fullness of our gifts – living into who He made us to be, for His glory and our growth. When we look around at the body of Christ, and the multifaceted ways in which Christians express generosity, we see a more complete picture of God’s incredible grace. How beautiful that generosity is not just an economic construct, but a means by which God transforms our hearts and our world.

domain: sociology


text:
Yes, Territory Lounge’s ‘Cauldron Cake’ is as Delicious as it Looks 😍
I recently made a visit to chocolate paradise, and I’m letting you in on how you too can enjoy the cake that I haven’t stopped dreaming about!
The secluded- and often bypassed- Territory Lounge at Wilderness Lodge offers the expected cocktails, drinks, and lounge-style plates we’ve come to expect from a Disney Resort…but it’s the dessert menu that caught me by sweet surprise on my latest visit!
The flourless chocolate Cauldron Cake gets its name from the adorable metal cauldron it’s serve in…but it’s the warm chocolate cake topped with rich, thick ganache/frosting that’s got me excited. On first look, it appears that the middle of the cake is undercooked, but that couldn’t be less true. A layer of ganache is revealed after you first dig your spoon into this warm decadence!
The cake itself is very, very rich and really texturally benefits from the layer of ganache. I also added two scoops of vanilla ice cream onto my Cauldron Cake order (it is not included) and I couldn’t recommend the addition more wholeheartedly!
While a nearly $7 charge for two unassuming scoops of vanilla is pricey, the cauldron cake itself gets taken from a 9 to a 1,000 when the cold ice cream is added into the mix! The cake is so rich and so decadent that it would have been hard to get through without the cold ice cream providing that wonderful contrast.
The cauldron cake is sharable without the ice cream, but once you add that double scoop on the side, you’re most certainly going to want to grab a buddy to enjoy this with! So, skip dessert next time you’re at Wilderness Lodge and make a beeline to Territory Lounge for the Cauldron Cake- it’s worth it!
Thanks for visiting MickeyBlog.com! Want to go to Disney? For a FREE quote on your next Disney vacation, please fill out the form below and one of the agents from MickeyTravels, a Platinum level Authorized Disney Vacation Planner, will be in touch soon!

domain: food


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text:
If man attempts to suppress the animal side of his nature by a sheer effort of conscious will, nature finds a hundred unexpected and unpleasant ways to take its revenge.
Yes, I am a Jew, and when the ancestors of the right honourable gentlemen were brutal savages in an unknown land, mine were priests in the Temple of Solomon.
Doubt is a pain too lonely to know that faith is his twin brother.
The lust of the flesh directs these desires [of personal union], however, to satisfaction of the body, often at the cost of a real and full communion of persons.
I believe in God, only I spell it Nature.
Faith is a knowledge within the heart, beyond the reach of proof.
Religion is the opium of the masses.
If God made anything better than women, I think he kept it for himself.
You don't look out there for God, something in the sky, you look in you.
You will not enter paradise until you have faith. And you will not complete your faith until you love one another.
Whatever makes men good Christians, makes them good citizens.
Doubt everything. Find your own light.
Greater is He that is in you, than he that is in the world
Religions are all alike- founded upon fables and mythologies.
Everyone who has ever built anywhere a 'new heaven' first found the power thereto in his own hell.
Not only does God play dice, but... he sometimes throws them where they cannot be seen.
My soul is from elsewhere, Iím sure of that, and I intend to end up there.
As the poet said, 'Only God can make a tree' - probably because it's so hard to figure out how to get the bark on.
That man has reached immortality who is disturbed by nothing material.
How can the heart travel to God, when it is chained by its desires?
Religion as a science, as a study, is the greatest and healthiest exercise that the human mind can have.

domain: literature


text:
SYDNEY, Australia ¿ With a Phase II trial of a treatment for advanced skin cancer under way in the U.S., Progen Industries Ltd. in Brisbane is starting a Phase II trial using the same molecule as a treatment for a form of bone marrow cancer.
Progen said it is set to start the Phase II trials on 50 to 100 patients in several centers around Australia, including the Alfred Hospital in Melbourne, using its anticancer drug PI-88 following promising animal model results for human acute promyelocytic leukemia.
The animal model results are a surprise for PI-88 as previously Progen had been concentrating on developing the molecule for solid-tumor cancers.
Progen has previously established that in animal models PI-88 acts by inhibiting the action of the enzyme heparanase, involved in the spread of tumors to secondary sites (metastasis). In addition, PI-88 hindered the development of new blood vessels and so reduced the flow of blood to the tumor.
Peter Devine, vice president of business development for Progen, said company researchers led by Vice President of Research Rob Don, had decided do clinical trials for skin cancer first, since in that disease the tumors were directly accessible so researches could easily take tissue samples and clearly see the treatment effect.
Devine said that four patients had been recruited for the skin cancer trials being conducted at the Colorado University Health Sciences Center in Denver, and another three were being screened.
But while the skin cancer trial was being started, Progen researchers announced the results of a study conducted by Haakon Beenestad at the University of Oslo in Norway, which is to be published in the scientific journal Leukemia. Devine said that the results showed a significant decrease in the tumor cell counts in both animal models.
As a result the company had decided to start Phase II clinical trials for PI-88 as a treatment for multiple myeloma, the second most common form of hematological cancer and identified by the proliferation of plasma cells in the bond marrow.
The multiple myeloma trials are expected to start before Christmas and take about 18 months.

domain: medical


text:
JOHANNESBURG — In late 2019, Africa Oil Corp. President and CEO Keith Hill informed Petroleum Economist that, given Africa’s unproven oil and fuel basins, the continent was in all probability “the best frontier,” with excellent alternatives for exploration, manufacturing, and improvement corporations, together with independents.
Three years later, Hill stays bullish about Africa, and Canada-headquartered Africa Oil Corp. is driving oil and fuel exploration right here. The corporate is a part of a rising pattern we’re seeing: impartial oil and fuel corporations that acknowledge the super promise of our underexplored continent and are discovering methods to thrive right here — and make a optimistic impression.
I’m extraordinarily optimistic about independents like Africa Oil Corp and BW Vitality, that are constructing on their profitable monitor data in exploration and manufacturing, and Perenco, which is constructing Africa’s pure fuel trade.
I’m inspired by the efforts of Trident Vitality, which is discovering methods to bolster manufacturing in mature fields, and by Eco Atlantic, which has been convincing buyers to not flip their backs on our continent. Firms like these are precisely what Africa wants.
They’re bringing non-public capital, expertise, and know-how to the continent. They’re accelerating useful resource monetization and maximization for the great of Africa. And, actually, I can’t wait to see what they do in 2023.
Placing pure fuel to work for Africa
As David Christianson so eloquently put it in a current weblog for Commerce Regulation Centre, a South Africa-based assume tank, “Africa’s fuel future is floating offshore.” Floating liquified pure fuel (FLNG) models are a super method to capitalize on Africa’s ample pure fuel sources.
They are often deployed quickly and extra affordably than onshore LNG trains, making a sensible pathway to fuel monetization. London-headquartered impartial, Perenco, which has operated in Cameroon for almost 30 years, is capitalizing on these alternatives.
Not solely did Perenco set up an FLNG plant in Cameroon, however it additionally made historical past there. The Hilli Episeyo FLNG, which started business operations in March 2018, is the world’s second-ever FLNG plant to enter operation and the primary on this planet to function from a transformed LNG tanker.
The plant, moored off the coast of Kribi, is the property of Norwegian Golar. Not solely does the undertaking have world significance, however it additionally entails native entities. Perenco partnered with Cameroon’s Société Nationale des Hydrocarbures (Nationwide Hydrocarbons Firm) to launch the undertaking.
The Hilli Episeyo is designed to supply 2.4 million metric tonnes every year (2.65 million tons per yr) of LNG and has 125,000 m3 of storage capability. Pure fuel for the plant is sourced from Perenco’s Sanaga and Ebome fuel fields.
What’s extra, Perenco is rising its upstream exercise on the continent. Earlier this yr, it signed a cope with oil and fuel firm New Age Ltd. to purchase its stake and take over the operatorship of the Etinde fuel subject, which is in shallow water within the Rio del Rey Basin offshore Cameroon.
In July, Perenco acquired Anglo-Swiss multinational Glencore’s entities in North Africa. The acquisition consists of PetroChad Mangara, which operates the Mangara, Badila, and Krim oilfields in Chad’s Doba Basin.
And in November, the corporate introduced it had found oil within the Tchibeli North East pre-salt Vandji exploration prospect offshore Congo, describing it as a possible “play opener.”
Every of those actions and successes represents a possible for better power safety, financial development, and primarily based on Perenco’s monitor file, extra good jobs for Africans.
Perenco is a robust instance of an impartial firm that has efficiently developed methods for Africa’s distinctive challenges, wants, and alternatives. And it’s not alone.
Respiratory new life into maturing fields
Have a look at British impartial Trident Vitality, which is introducing a brand new period of operational effectivity and manufacturing enhancements in Equatorial Guinea.
Trident’s enterprise technique requires buying mid-life-producing belongings across the globe, notably oil and fuel fields missing consideration and funding, re-developing them, rising manufacturing, and unlocking reserves. This strategy is tremendously invaluable in Africa, the place we’re seeing manufacturing declines in legacy belongings all through the continent.
In Equatorial Guinea, Trident is the operator of Block G, which incorporates the manufacturing Ceiba and Okume Advanced fields — made up of six oil fields within the Gulf of Guinea, in shallow and deep water within the Rio Muni basin – with a 40.375% working curiosity. The corporate additionally holds a 40% stake in Block S, W & EG-21.
In Could of this yr, the Ministry of Mines and Hydrocarbons of Equatorial Guinea and Trident’s three way partnership companions for Block G, Kosmos Vitality, Panoro Vitality, and GEPetrol, agreed to increase the Manufacturing Sharing Contract (PSC) for the block by 2040, giving Trident extra time to unlock the block’s full potential.
Trident has earned the respect of each the federal government and the businesses it really works with. Trident credit these robust working relationships with the corporate’s dedication to be an lively, seen member of the communities the place it operates.
Overseas undertaking leaders and their households relocate in-country, as the corporate fulfills its position as a serious contributor to the native economic system and neighborhood. Most significantly, constructing native capability and bettering native content material has been a key technique for the corporate’s management.
Trident can be recognized for providing native residents high-quality jobs and respectful therapy, creating empowering ability improvement, healthcare, and education schemes in host communities, and implementing greatest practices to guard the setting.
Trident Vitality’s upgrades at Okume Discipline, which have been underway this yr, name for changing 15 fuel raise wells to electrical submersible pumps (ESPs), that are extra reasonably priced to function and keep.
To organize for the conversion, the corporate has been engaged on a $57 million improve at Okume’s central processing amenities. Trident Vitality’s staff in Equatorial Guinea has managed each side of the undertaking together with provide chain, logistics, and coordination.
Roughly 55% of the companies have been offered by native contractors. 32% of companies have been offered by regional contractors, and solely 13% have been offered by worldwide contractors.
Tasks that enhance manufacturing in declining belongings, just like the Okume upgrades, are extraordinarily essential for each Equatorial Guinea and the continent at giant. We hope extra corporations comply with Trident’s lead.
Setting the stage for achievement
The African Vitality Chamber additionally has been impressed with Norwegian impartial BW Vitality, which has been very strategic in its strategy to fuel exploration and manufacturing in Namibia.
BW, which additionally has a robust presence in Gabon, targets confirmed offshore oil and fuel reservoirs and minimizes danger with phased developments. By working in websites with current manufacturing amenities, the corporate reduces time to first oil and retains money circulate in verify, the corporate web site explains.
In 2017, the corporate acquired a 56% stake within the Kudu fuel subject within the northern Orange sub-basin, roughly 130 km (80.78 m) off the southwest coast of Namibia. A number of years later, BW elevated its curiosity within the fuel undertaking to 95%.
The Kudu subject is believed to carry no less than 1.3 trillion ft3 of fuel, however the website has remained undeveloped since ChevronTexaco first found fuel there in 1974. The sphere has had a protracted string of operators, however as Pan-African analysis company, Hawilti put it, components starting from the shortcoming to agree on a fuel worth to delays in getting governmental help initiatives have stored the undertaking in limbo.
The positioning’s remoted location, and lack of infrastructure to move fuel, haven’t helped issues.
However, with BW within the driver’s seat, I imagine that chapter is now closed. As introduced throughout African Vitality Week in Cape City, BW is pursuing a revised improvement plan for Kudu that features utilizing a repurposed semisubmersible drilling rig as a floating manufacturing unit (FPU), which can permit it to maneuver fuel onshore for home power technology.
BW bought the rig it wants for this effort earlier this yr.
BW’s efforts might have far-reaching results on day-to-day life in Namibia. Presently, the nation depends on electrical energy imports to fulfill its home wants.
BW’s work at Kudu will assist present the fuel Namibia means to reliably ship electrical energy to its folks, drive industrial development, create jobs, and place Namibia as a regional power hub.
Overcoming hurdles, modeling dedication
One other impartial firm modeling what could be achieved in Africa is Toronto-headquartered Eco Atlantic. It has been overcoming the challenges of elevating capital in an period when corporations are being pressured to not start new oil and fuel initiatives on our continent.
In April, Eco Atlantic raised roughly $25.5 million to cowl drilling bills on the Gazania-1 effectively, on Block 2B offshore South Africa, though the corporate introduced that its analysis effectively didn’t present proof of business hydrocarbons.
That’s not stopping the corporate from shifting ahead in Africa. Together with its companions, Africa Vitality Corp, Panoro 2B Restricted (a subsidiary of Panoro Vitality ASA), and Crown Vitality AB, Eco Atlantic is planning further exploration drilling, together with a two-well marketing campaign on Block 3B/4B offshore South Africa, set to start in 2023, and no less than one effectively on the Orinduik Block offshore Guyana.
“Whereas it’s naturally disappointing not having made a business discovery, the Gazania-1 effectively was solely the primary of 4 wells we’ve deliberate for the subsequent 18-24 months throughout our wider portfolio,” Eco Atlantic co-founder and CEO Gil Holzman mentioned.
Tenacity is a required trait for all corporations on this trade. Eco Atlantic’s ongoing dedication to exploring South Africa’s offshore basins is commendable.
As lately as Dec. 19, the corporate introduced its subsidiary, Azinam Restricted, had acquired one other 6.25% collaborating curiosity in Block 3B/4B offshore South Africa. Eco Atlantic additionally acquired regulatory approval for the acquisition.
Now Eco Atlantic will maintain an elevated collaborating curiosity of 26.25% in Block 3B/4B, with Africa Oil Corp., the block’s operator, and Cape City-based upstream firm, Ricocure.
Large finds, huge ambitions
As for Africa Oil Corp., certainly one of its strengths is the respect it has earned within the sector and amongst authorities leaders. The corporate has been concerned in such main finds because the 2022 Venus mild oil discovery made with Whole Energies offshore Namibia (by subsidiary Impression Oil & Gasoline Restricted).
Since then, the corporate has stored its give attention to continued exploration operations. It has producing and improvement belongings in deep-water offshore Nigeria, improvement belongings in Kenya, and a portfolio of exploration belongings in Guyana, Kenya, Namibia, Nigeria, South Africa, and the Senegal Guinea Bissau Joint Improvement Zone (AGC).
The businesses’ successes in East Africa are notably thrilling. Exploration in Kenya inside the final decade has opened two new basins that reach into southern Somalia. Keith lately informed Vitality, Oil & Gasoline journal that the basins cowl an space the dimensions of the North Sea.
And in Puntland, the corporate is assured that it discovered an oilfield by drilling on the Shabeel effectively.
Hill mentioned he remembers when most corporations believed alternatives in East Africa have been restricted.
“At most oil and fuel conferences at present, the common opinion is that East Africa now represents one of many hottest oil and fuel exploration areas anyplace on this planet,” he mentioned. “Africa Oil Corp’s forward-thinking strategy meant that it was capable of get in and safe all of the acreage it wished earlier than this area actually took off.”
“What which means is that at present you’re looking at a company that boasts the very best onshore acreage place of any firm now current in East Africa.”
Earlier this yr, I mentioned Africa won’t obtain the power future it needs, together with making power poverty historical past, with out the presence of independents. At present, that reality is clearer than ever.
Sure, majors and nationwide oil corporations nonetheless have an essential half to play in Africa’s power trade, however the impartial corporations at work listed here are giving us each motive to be optimistic about Africa’s future.

domain: geography


text:
What is 'Whispers of the heart'?
A collection of unique stained glass painted and engraved pieces that symbolize our heart, our dreams, and our memories.
An intuitive engraved and painted stained glass art piece for a good friend of mine.
There is a famous quote: “True love is not a hide and seeks game: in true love, both lovers seek each other” - Micheal Bassey
I find that so true, and a reminder of my own life with my husband. Love is a choice, you make for another, and you make each day again.
That whatever may occur in life keep reaching out to one another, and grow together through life. Finding each other, time and time back again. There is something hidden inside the stained glass that only becomes visible when the sun shines on it: a flower in each of their hearts reaching out to another.
For a while, I wasn’t able to create, hope, or connect. I was in a spiral of anger, sadness, and grief. Since my brother has passed it always felt like the family is incomplete. We were with 4 children and now there are 3, a very important, wonderful and loving person is missing.
Last summer I created 3 separate glass pieces, and they seem incomplete. Yet when I start to form them together they became one. Even though my brother is not physically there he Is the movement, lifeline, love between us 3. Without him, we are incomplete;
together we are ‘4’-ever one.
An intuitively engraved and painted stained glass art piece. Created for a good friend of mine, I have known all my life. I had this beautiful pink agate in my studio and every time I looked at it I saw her. Around this piece, I started placing colors that symbolize her passion (red), creativity (orange), Healing (blue), courage ( yellow) and growth (green). And the little pearl ( white) underneath stands for her beauty inside and outside. When I look at the glass art piece altogether, it represents a heart or a seed, that blossoms intensely despite some hardships.


text:
- Poll: What did you think of F2’s teaser?
- Stage set for NTR’s trailer and audio launch
- F2 teaser- Looks solid fun
- Younge heroine becomes the most searched Indian celeb on Google
- Poll: Birthday Special : Which is your favorite Rajinikanth character?
Poll : What did you think of Touch Chesi Chudu’s trailer?
Published on Jan 25, 2018 7:34 pm IST


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JOHANNES SCHWALM HISTORICAL ASSOCIATION, INC.
1992 Journal of the Johannes Schwalm Historical Association
Volume 4, Number 4, ISBN No. 0-939016-22-2
Journal of First Lieutenant Christian Theodor Sigmund von Molitor; Bayreuth Regt., by Bruce E. Burgoyne.
Journal of the Years 1776-1784 GOTT SAVE THE KING, J.R., by Bruce E. Burgoyne.
Church Book kept for the Troops of the Ruler of Anhalt-Zerbst in the Service of the King of England, by Bruce E. Burgoyne.
Contains the Record of Deaths, Babtisms, and Marriages -- beginning 21 February, the day of their departure from Aerbst, by Johann Gottlieb Siegismund Braunsdorf, Chaplain.
Johann Jost Muetze (Metz) Frontier Farmer, Craftsman and Pastor, by Mark A. Schwalm.
One of the founders of the South Carolina Synod of the Luthern Church.
PROFILES: JOHANNES SCHMEISS C. 5, von Knyphausen Regt., by Mark A. Schwalm.
Captured at Trenton but never exchanged. Married in York Co., PA and subsequently settled in MD.
PROFILES: JOHAN JOSEF BERGMANN, Morgenstern Co., Regt. von Riedesel, Braunschweig Troops, by Mark A. Schwalm.
Captured at Battle of Saratoga. POW in Winterhill, Charlottsville and Reading. Indentured,
likely in Reading and settled in the Tulpehocken area.
A Recent Visit to Steinbach -- home town of JOHANN JOSEF BERGMANN; by Clara M. Anderson.
SINKING OF THE "SPEEDY", by Johannes Helmut Merz.
All in the Family, researched by George H. Schwalm and compiled by N. Daniel Schwalm. Items related to the Johannes Schwalm Family.
GERMAN DESERTERS -- SOUTH CAROLINA AND GEORGIA -- February - December 1782, by Donald M. Londahl-Smidt.
Was "YANKEE DOODLE" a Schwaelmer Dance?, by Henry J. Retzer.
A discussion of the origin of the song "Yankee Doodle".
The Schwalms in Hungary: A Historical Perspective, Edited by James S. Smith (with help in translation by Mare Bartholomew).
ISAAC F. STIELY, by Marilyn Malick Herb.
Stiely was a former pastor and tomb stone cutter in the Lykens/Mahantongo Valleys.
In Memoriam: Dr. James Sterrett Smith
In Memoriam: Theodore Raymond Schwalm
Return to Order Form
P.O. Box 127
Scotland, PA 17254-0127
E-Mail can be sent to Hal Schwalm
JSHA Index 1992 Page Version 1.1, last updated 10/19/2004

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Manufacturers President Blasts Obama Rules Proposals In Purdue Speech
In a speech that was touted as one which would show Purdue as a leader in the country’s new manufacturing economy, the President of the National Association of Manufacturers Tuesday focused instead on blasting the Obama Administration.
In a speech kicking off a nationwide tour, Jay Timmons spent a single paragraph on technology such as "3-D printing, nanoscale chemistry" and new medicines, but spent several minutes explaining why he feels the White House is working at cross-purposes with business interests.
“The president’s proposed punitive tax increases on investments and small businesses that just came out this week would stifle economic growth,” Timmons says.
Timmons also questioned the need for more regulations on business and lamented the fact some factories have had to do away with overtime pay.
While lauding Indiana for employing 30-percent of Hoosiers in manufacturing job, Timmons blasted the Obama Administration for proposals that would create new rules for businesses to follow.
“Regulation of greenhouse gases that would limit fuel choice. It would increase energy prices and it would make power less reliable," he says. "And [The President's] proposed ozone regulation could shut down facilities and force manufacturers to scrap expansion plans.”
Timmons also called for lowering the corporate tax rate, which he called the highest in the world, even though sources differ on the topic, noting how complex that metric is.
Timmons also called for more free trade agreements and echoed Indiana Governor Mike Pence’s State of the State speech call for an “all-of-the-above” approach to energy technology, which Timmons would like to see include construction of the Keystone XL pipeline.

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GHHL was assigned a task of transporting Generator-stator (360 ton) along with it’s 6 components from Yanbu Industrial Port to the Yanbu 3 SWCC project.
- LP outer casing/lower part
- LP outer casing/upper part
- LP shaft bladed
All 7 units were delivered to Yanbu Industrial port by the Ocean freight vessel. After taking berth and completing Customs and other formalities, units were lifted and unloaded by Vessel mounted crane(s), later the units were loaded and positioned on to GHHL trailers.
After performing the Route survey, it was found that units with weight up to 102 ton were feasible to transport via main highway from Yanbu to Jeddah, and Generator-stator will require use of Yanbu By-pass road and construction of additional by-passes was required to avoid bridges, culverts and underground facilities.
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Transportation and unloading was done ensuring that the process was in accordance with current procedures and policies; Regular tool box meetings and safety checks were performed in order to clarify scope of work and importance of work as per high HSE standards; Regular equipment check-outs, including the lashing performance, were conducted to ensure good technical condition and readiness to work; Escort vehicles with flashing alarm were arranged to inform other traffic members about oversize/overweight cargo transportation; Additional escort from Yanbu Traffic Police station was requested to enhance safety awareness.


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NOTE - Events may be postponed or cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Please check with event organizers to confirm events.
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Bobby Kotick, ActiBlizz bossman, has said during the company’s financial call to investors that during the Q3, Guitar Hero was the number one third-party console and handheld franchise in Europe, and for the first nine months of the calendar year, Guitar Hero was the number one third-party console and handheld franchise and in North America.
He also mentioned that sales for Guitar Hero 5 were on par with sale for The Beatles: Rock Band, which to date has sold 600,000 units for EA.
The call is ongoing, so we’ll keep you up to date.
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MW ring roller micro powder mill, drawing on modern grinding technology, based on the development trend and demand of the domestic mill market, is a new equipment designed for users of ultra-fine powder processing. It is mainly suitable for lithium pyroxene, calcite, calcium carbonate, dolomite, talc and other non-flammable and explosive materials with Mohs hardness below 7 and humidity below 6%.
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