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1 GA A27433 THE EPED PEDESTAL MODEL: EXTENSIONS, APPLICATION TO ELM-SUPPRESSED REGIMES, AND ITER PREDICTIONS by P.B. SNYDER, T.H. OSBORNE, M.N.A. BEURSKENS, K.H. BURRELL, R.J. GROEBNER, J.W. HUGHES, R. MAINGI, R. NAZIKIAN, D. ORLOV, O. SCHMITZ, M.R. WADE, J.R. WALK and H.R. WILSON SEPTEMBER 2012
2 DISCLAIMER This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise, does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof.
3 GA A27433 THE EPED PEDESTAL MODEL: EXTENSIONS, APPLICATION TO ELM-SUPPRESSED REGIMES, AND ITER PREDICTIONS by P.B. SNYDER, T.H. OSBORNE, M.N.A. BEURSKENS, 1 K.H. BURRELL, R.J. GROEBNER, J.W. HUGHES, 2 R. MAINGI, 3 R. NAZIKIAN, 4 D. ORLOV, 5 O. SCHMITZ, 6 M.R. WADE, J.R. WALK 2 and H.R. WILSON 7 This is a preprint of a paper to be presented at the 24th IAEA Fusion Energy Conference, October 8 13, 2012 in San Diego, California and to be published in Proceedings. 1 EURATOM /CCFE Fusion Association, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, UK 2 Massachusetts Institute of Technology, PSFC, Cambridge, Massachusetts USA 3 Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee USA 4 Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey USA 5 University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California USA 6 Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany 7 York Plasma Institute, Dept of Physics, University of York, UK Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under DE-FG02-95ER54309, DE-FC02-04ER54698, DE-FG02-94ER54235, DE-AC05-00OR22725, DE-AC02-09CH11466 and DE-FG02-05ER54809 GENERAL ATOMICS PROJECT SEPTEMBER 2012
4 P.B. Snyder et al. The EPED Pedestal Model: Extensions, Application to ABSTRACT The pressure at the top of the edge transport barrier (or pedestal height ) strongly impacts global confinement and fusion performance, while large ELMs can significantly limit component lifetimes. Hence, accurately predicting the pedestal height in ITER, as well as developing a predictive understanding of ELM suppression, are essential. The EPED model predicts the H-mode pedestal height and width based upon two fundamental and calculable constraints: (1) onset of non-local peeling-ballooning (P-B) modes at low to intermediate mode number, and (2) onset of nearly local kinetic ballooning modes (KBM) at high mode number. The model calculates both constraints directly with no fit parameters, using ELITE to calculate the P-B constraint, and a BCP technique, informed by gyrokinetic calculations, to calculate the KBM constraint. EPED has been successfully compared to observed pedestal height for 270 cases on 5 tokamaks, finding agreement within ~20%. Recent results include successful testing of EPED in Quiescent H-Mode discharges, and the development of a working model to understand ELM suppression by resonant magnetic perturbations (RMPs). Dynamically, the ELM crash is typically followed by a recovery, in which the pressure gradient encounters the KBM limit, but the pedestal can continue to broaden until the P-B boundary is reached, an ELM is triggered, and the cycle repeats. The ELM can be suppressed if this recovery phase is interrupted such that the width of the edge barrier is prevented from continuing to broaden. We propose an EPED-based working model for suppression of ELMs by RMPs in which the conceptual wall is provided by a resonant island or stochastic region that drives strong transport and prevents inward pedestal propagation. This leads to predictions of specific profile changes and ranges of q in which ELM suppression is possible, which agree with initial tests on DIII-D. EPED predictions for ITER have been made for more than 100 baseline and hybrid cases, finding a high pedestal that is further optimized at high density. The Super H-Mode regime, predicted to be accessible via dynamic optimization, is also discussed, including the possibility of access to this regime in ITER. General Atomics Report GA A27433 iii
5 P.B. Snyder et al. The EPED Pedestal Model: Extensions, Application to High performance ( H-mode ) in tokamaks is achieved via the spontaneous formation of an insulating transport barrier in the outer few percent of the confined plasma. The pressure at the top of the edge transport barrier (or pedestal height ) strongly impacts global confinement and fusion performance, with fusion power in ITER predicted to scale approximately with the square of the pedestal height . However, the substantial free energy in the edge pedestal can drive large edge localized modes (ELMs) which can significantly limit component lifetimes in ITERscale devices . The EPED model [3 5] predicts the H-mode pedestal height and width based upon two fundamental and calculable constraints: (1) onset of non-local peeling-ballooning (P-B) modes at low to intermediate mode number, (2) onset of nearly local kinetic ballooning modes (KBM) at high mode number. The model calculates both constraints directly with no fit parameters, using ELITE to calculate the P-B constraint, and a BCP technique to calculate the KBM constraint . EPED has been successfully compared to observed pedestal height for 270 cases on 5 tokamaks, finding agreement within ~20% [3 8]. Here we briefly discuss the EPED model, recent experimental tests, application to ELM-suppressed regimes, ITER predictions, and ongoing model development. The present version of the EPED model proceeds from the conjecture that, while many mechanisms drive transport across the edge transport barrier region (ETB) in high performance H-mode discharges, the mechanisms which are strong enough to ultimately limit the pressure gradient, and total pressure, in the presence of strong sources and very strong ExB shear typical of the ETB, are the KBM and P-B. The P-B and KBM constraints are calculated using ELITE [9,10] and the BCP technique  on series of model equilibria, as shown in Fig. 1(a), yielding predictions of pedestal height and width (black circle). As part of a 2011 US research milestone, EPED was extensively tested in a set of dedicated experiments on Alcator C-Mod and DIII-D, in which the magnetic field, current, density and shape were varied, yielding large variation in pedestal height and width. On DIII-D, a new higher resolution Thomson system allowed very high accuracy measurements of both height and width. Figure 1(b) shows an example of a detailed test of the model using this new system. In this series of 3 discharges, the plasma current (I p ) was varied by a factor of 3 (0.5, 1.0, 1.5 MA), with the magnetic field (B T ) and plasma shape fixed. The calculated peeling-ballooning constraint [solid line, Fig. 1(b)] increases roughly linearly with current, with its increase slowing at lower q (higher current). The 2 calculated KBM constraint (dotted line) increases more strongly with current, roughly as I p. As a result of the interaction of the KBM and P-B constraints, the EPED predicted pedestal height rises strongly (~3x) with I p as it is increased from 0.5 to 1.0 MA. However, the predicted height saturates and the width decreases dramatically as I p is increased from 1.0 to 1.5 MA. The model predictions for both height and width are in reasonable agreement with the observations (red squares) for all three values of the current, successfully predicting the complex observed changes in height and width (changes which would not be described by a simple scaling law, or by P-B physics alone). In a broader statistical comparison, EPED predictions of the pedestal width were compared to a set of 24 cases from 14 shots with widths measured by the new DIII-D Thomson system. As shown in Fig. 1(c) (blue circles), agreement between the predicted and observed width is good, with a ratio of 0.94±0.13, and a correlation coefficient r=0.91 between predicted and observed width [and similar agreement in predicted height, as shown by blue circles in General Atomics Report GA A
6 The EPED Pedestal Model: Extensions, Application to P.B. Snyder et al. FIG. 1. (a) EPED predicts the pedestal height and width (black circle) as the intersection of calculated peelingballooning (solid line) and KBM (dotted line) constraints. A typical ELM cycle in this space is illustrated in red. (b) EPED predicted height and width (black diamonds) is compared to observations (red squares) for a current scan across 3 discharges on DIII-D. (c) Comparison of EPED predicted and observed pedestal width for a set of DIII-D discharges with accurate width measurements from a new Thomson system (blue circles) as well as from a set of 11 QH-mode discharges (diamonds). Fig. 2(a)]. An extensive set of experiments was conducted in ELMing H-mode discharges on Alcator C-Mod, varying the magnetic field (3.4, 5.3, 8 T) and the plasma current and density, and measuring pedestal structure with high resolution Thomson scattering . Comparisons of measured pedestal structure to EPED find similar agreement as on DIII-D, as shown in Fig. 2(a) (green crosses). These comparisons extend tests of the model up to pressures within ~3x of predicted ITER pressure [black diamond Fig. 2(a)], and to B T and density equal to and exceeding ITER values. A similarity experiment was conducted on DIII-D, matching the C-Mod shape and dimensionless parameters, and found similar agreement with the model [blue + symbols in Fig. 2(a)]. 2 General Atomics Report GA A27433
7 P.B. Snyder et al. The EPED Pedestal Model: Extensions, Application to FIG. 2. (a) Comparison of EPED predicted pedestal height to observations on Alcator C-Mod and DIII-D, including a similarity experiment on C-Mod and DIII-D. An EPED prediction for the ITER baseline is also shown. (b) Comparison of predicted and observed pedestal height for a set of 270 cases on five tokamaks. Combining these recent tests of the EPED model with results from an extensive comparison to JET , as well as additional comparisons to AUG, DIII-D, and JT-60U [3 7], yields a dataset of 270 cases on 5 tokamaks, shown in Fig. 2(b). For this set of cases, the ratio of predicted to observed pedestal height is 0.98±0.20, with a correlation coefficient r=0.92. Statistically, this is consistent with ~10% 15% measurement error and EPED accuracy to within ~15% 20%. Observed trends in pedestal height with I p, B T, plasma shape and density are generally well captured by the model. The EPED model has been extensively used to predict the pedestal height and width in various scenarios on ITER, with more than 100 cases considered (e.g. [3,5]). Because ITER performance is expected to depend strongly on pedestal height, optimization in various scenarios is expected to be very important. An example study of predicted ITER pedestal pressure vs. density at 2 different I p values is shown in Fig. 3(a). Notably, the pedestal height is predicted to increase with pedestal density up to quite high values, exceeding the Greenwald density limit. Understanding this limit, as well as ensuring sufficient fuelling capability to reach high density may be important for ITER optimization. Work on parametrizing the EPED results for ITER  and on combining these predictions with calculations of core transport and stability and boundary physics is ongoing. Initial indications are that a combined pedestal-core optimization of ITER should enable it to attain fusion performance in the range of its established goals. One interesting aspect of the EPED model is that it predicts the existence of a regime in which very high pedestal pressure is possible, known as Super H-Mode. An example, for strongly shaped DIII-D-like parameters, is shown in Fig. 3(b). For any value of the pedestal density, the standard EPED prediction (white lines) has a single value. However, for strongly shaped discharges, a second, or Super H-Mode region is potentially accessible via a dynamic optimization of the density (starting at moderate density and then raising the density to high values after the pedestal is fully developed). The EPED model predicts this regime should be accessible in high triangularity DIII-D, JET and ITER discharges, and there are preliminary indications of possible partial access on DIII-D and JET. For example, it has been observed in General Atomics Report GA A
8 The EPED Pedestal Model: Extensions, Application to P.B. Snyder et al. high triangularity JET discharges that when strong gas puffing is used to increase the pedestal density, high pedestal pressures, somewhat in excess of the standard EPED predictions, can be achieved [7,12], which may indicate at least partial access to the Super H-Mode regime. An example calculation for ITER baseline parameters is shown in Fig. 3(c). A small amount of access to Super H-Mode is predicted to be possible at high density in ITER, and this access can likely be enhanced via optimization of shape and safety factor. Further study of possible Super H-Mode access is planned. FIG. 3. (a) EPED predictions for ITER pedestal height as a function of pedestal density for ITER baseline (15 MA) and hybrid (12 MA) cases. (b) EPED predictions for pedestal height (white lines) are shown as a function of pedestal density for a high triangularity DIII-D case. Note in particular that a Super H-Mode region at very high pedestal pressure is potentially accessible by starting at lower density and then dynamically increasing the density in time to move up and to the right in this parameter space. (c) A similar diagram as (b), but for ITER baseline parameters, exhibiting a small but significant region of access to Super H-mode conditions at high density in ITER. In addition to understanding the physics of pedestal structure in ELMing discharges, it is important to understand the physics of ELM-suppressed regimes, such as Quiescent H-mode (QH) , and ELM suppression by resonant magnetic perturbations (RMP) . The EPED 4 General Atomics Report GA A27433
9 P.B. Snyder et al. The EPED Pedestal Model: Extensions, Application to model has recently been applied to QH-mode discharges, finding similar agreement in predicted pedestal width and height as in ELMing discharges [red diamonds in Fig. 1(c), and black asterisks in Fig. 2(b)] . This is consistent with earlier studies finding that the edge harmonic oscillation (EHO) in QH-mode is driven near the kink-peeling part of the P-B stability boundary , and with local gradients constrained by KBM. To understand RMP ELM-suppression it appears necessary to consider the dynamic ELM cycle, illustrated for example by the red lines and arrows in Figs. 1(a) and 4(a). The ELM (or EHO in QH-mode) is predicted to occur near the black circle, and the ELM can be prevented if the recovery part of the cycle is stopped, such that the pedestal does not continue to broaden and/or grow. We hypothesize that in RMP ELM suppression, broadening of the pedestal can be prevented by penetration of the RMP near the pedestal top. This requires a precise location of the RMP penetration, and offers an explanation for observed q-windows for ELM suppression and narrowing of the pedestal during ELM suppression . As an example, a series of DIII-D RMP experiments with varying safety factor q 95 are shown in Fig. 4(b). For the parameters in these discharges, the EPED model predicts a critical pedestal width of ~3 3.5% (the predicted critical width varies slightly in different cases because the EPED input parameters, including shape, current and pedestal density vary). That is, with the pressure gradient constrained by the KBM, the peeling-ballooning mode is expected to go unstable when the width exceeds this critical value. When the RMPs are not applied [filled circles in Fig. 4(b) show the width shortly before an ELM], the width rises to or above the critical value and ELMs are triggered. When the RMP is turned on and ELMs are suppressed [open diamonds in Fig. 4(b)], the width remains below the critical value. When the RMP is on and small ELMs occur, the width, within measurement uncertainty, reaches the critical value. Note also that in Fig. 4(b), and other DIII-D observations, ELM suppression occurs in windows of q 95 values. Investigation of several FIG. 4. (a) A working model for RMP ELM suppression is illustrated, showing that a region of increased transport (here associated with a rational surface, e.g. an island or stochastic region) can suppress the ELM if this region is in the proper location to constrain the broadening of the pedestal. (b) Measured pressure pedestal width is shown as a function of safety factor for a series of DIII-D discharges. Filled circles show discharges with no RMP (and ELMs). Open diamonds show cases with the RMP on and full ELM suppression, while filled diamonds show cases with the RMP on and small ELMs present. General Atomics Report GA A
10 The EPED Pedestal Model: Extensions, Application to P.B. Snyder et al. cases indicates that these windows correspond to values of q 95 in which a rational surface (typically 9/3, 10/3, 11/3 or 12/3) lies near the top of the pedestal, in a region where enhanced magnetic transport could potentially limit the broadening of the pedestal and suppress the ELM, as in Fig. 4(a). Substantial work is ongoing to study the physics of RMP penetration, and identify conditions for penetration of magnetic structures into the plasma [15 17]. Much additional work is needed to fully quantify this RMP working model, but initial observations do suggest the presence of magnetic structures near the top of the pedestal in ELM-suppressed cases , consistent with this working model. The success of the EPED model has generated further interest in direct electromagnetic gyrokinetic (EMGK) studies of the pedestal region. EPED uses a simplified ballooning critical pedestal (BCP) technique to calculate the KBM constraint , which has been compared in several cases with direct EMGK calculations with codes such as GYRO , GS2  and GEM . In the first stable regime for the KBM, these comparisons are relatively straightforward, and the BCP technique reproduces EMGK calculations with reasonable accuracy. However, with strong shaping, low collisionality and/or high-q, plasmas can achieve a significant degree of second stability access to the KBM. While the BCP technique in EPED attempts to account for this, purely local EMGK calculations likely cannot be used to determine the KBM threshold in this limit. It is expected, based on MHD theory and simulation, that finiten (non-local) effects are important. Initial work is ongoing with both local and non-local EMGK calculation to quantify the KBM in both first and 2 nd stable regimes, as well as to study other relevant microinstabilities in the pedestal region. In summary, the EPED model has been developed and extensively tested on several tokamaks, finding ~20% agreement with observed pedestal height and width. The model has been successfully tested on ELMing and QH-mode discharges, and used in the development of a working model for RMP ELM suppression. Further model development and testing are ongoing, including electromagnetic gyrokinetic calculations and consideration of direct incorporation of such calculations in the model. ITER pedestal predictions with the EPED model have been made for a wide range of conditions, and these predictions are being integrated with predictions of core transport and other important physics to assess and optimize overall fusion performance of the ITER device. 6 General Atomics Report GA A27433
11 P.B. Snyder et al. The EPED Pedestal Model: Extensions, Application to REFERENCES  KINSEY, J.E., et al., Nucl. Fusion 31 (2011)  LOARTE, A., et al., Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 45 (2003)  SNYDER, P.B., et al., Nucl. Fusion 51 (2011)  SNYDER, P.B., et al., Phys. Plasmas 19 (2012)  SNYDER, P.B., et al., Phys. Plasmas 16 (2009) ; Nucl. Fusion 49 (2009)  GROEBNER, R.J., et al., Nucl. Fusion 50 (2010) ; Nucl Fusion 49 (2009)  BEURSKENS, M., et al., Phys. Plasmas 18 (2011) ; H-Mode workshop (2011).  WALK, J.R., et al., Nucl. Fusion 52 (2012)  WILSON, H.R., et al., Phys. Plasmas 9 (2002)  SNYDER, P.B., et al., Phys. Plasmas 9 (2002) 2037; Nucl. Fusion 47 (2007) 961.  POLEVOI, A.R., et al., Simplified Pedestal Parameterization Based on EPED1 Simulations for ITER-like Plasmas, ITER report ITER_D_7NFSK9.  LEYLAND, M.J., et al., Pedestal width study in dense high triangularity ELMy H-mode plasmas on JET, in preparation (2012).  BURRELL, K.H., et al., Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 44 (2002) A253; Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 47 (2005) B37.  EVANS, T.E., et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 92 (2004) ; Nature Phys. 2 (2006) 419.  FERRARO, N.M., Phys Plasmas 19 (2012) , and references therein.  FERRARO, N.M, et al., Edge plasma response to non-axisymmetric fields in tokamaks, this meeting TH/P4-21 (2012).  WADE, M.R., et al., Advances in the physics understanding of ELM suppression using RMP on DIII-D, this meeting EX/3-1 (2012).  WANG, E., et al., Linear gyrokinetic analysis of a DIII-D H-Mode pedestal near ideal ballooning threshold, to appear in Nucl. Fusion,  DICKINSON, D., et al., Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 53 (2011)  WAN, W., et al., Global gyrokinetic simulation of tokamak edge pedestal instabilities, submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett., General Atomics Report GA A
12 P.B. Snyder et al. The EPED Pedestal Model: Extensions, Application to ACKNOWLEDGMENT This work was supported in part by the US Department of Energy under DE-FG02-95ER54309, DE-FC02-04ER54698, DE-FG02-94ER54235, DE-AC05-00OR22725, DE-AC02-09CH11466, DE-FG02-05ER54809 and by EURATOM and carried out within the framework of the European Fusion Development Agreement. General Atomics Report GA A
GA A26891 A FIRST PRINCIPLES PREDICTIVE MODEL OF THE PEDESTAL HEIGHT AND WIDTH: DEVELOPMENT, TESTING, AND ITER OPTIMIZATION WITH THE EPED MODEL by P.B. SNYDER, R.J. GROEBNER, J.W. HUGHES, T.H. OSBORNE,
GA A27857 IMPACT OF PLASMA RESPONSE ON RMP ELM SUPPRESSION IN DIII-D by A. WINGEN, N.M. FERRARO, M.W. SHAFER, E.A. UNTERBERG, T.E. EVANS, D.L. HILLIS, and P.B. SNYDER JULY 2014 DISCLAIMER This report was
ELMs and Constraints on the H-Mode Pedestal: A Model Based on Peeling-Ballooning Modes P.B. Snyder, 1 H.R. Wilson, 2 J.R. Ferron, 1 L.L. Lao, 1 A.W. Leonard, 1 D. Mossessian, 3 M. Murakami, 4 T.H. Osborne,
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Edge Rotational Shear Requirements for the Edge Harmonic Oscillation in DIII D Quiescent H mode Plasmas by T.M. Wilks 1 with A. Garofalo 2, K.H. Burrell 2, Xi. Chen 2, P.H. Diamond 3, Z.B. Guo 3, X. Xu
GA A25351 PHYSICS ADVANCES IN THE ITER HYBRID SCENARIO IN DIII-D by C.C. PETTY, P.A. POLITZER, R.J. JAYAKUMAR, T.C. LUCE, M.R. WADE, M.E. AUSTIN, D.P. BRENNAN, T.A. CASPER, M.S. CHU, J.C. DeBOO, E.J. DOYLE,
GA A27235 EULERIAN SIMULATIONS OF NEOCLASSICAL FLOWS AND TRANSPORT IN THE TOKAMAK PLASMA EDGE AND OUTER CORE by E.A. BELLI, J.A. BOEDO, J. CANDY, R.H. COHEN, P. COLELLA, M.A. DORF, M.R. DORR, J.A. HITTINGER,
GA A311 DEPENDENCE OF HEAT AND PARTICLE TRANSPORT ON THE RATIO OF THE ION AND ELECTRON TEMPERATURES by C.C. PETTY, M.R. WADE, J.E. KINSEY, R.J. GROEBNER, T.C. LUCE, and G.M. STAEBLER AUGUST 1999 This report
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1 EX/P4-15 Pedestal Stability and Transport on the Alcator C-Mod Tokamak: Experiments in Support of Developing Predictive Capability J.W. Hughes 1, P.B. Snyder 2, X. Xu 3, J.R. Walk 1, E.M. Davis 1, R.M.
1 EXC/P5-02 ELM Suppression in DIII-D Hybrid Plasmas Using n=3 Resonant Magnetic Perturbations B. Hudson 1, T.E. Evans 2, T.H. Osborne 2, C.C. Petty 2, and P.B. Snyder 2 1 Oak Ridge Institute for Science
IMPACT OF EDGE CURRENT DENSITY AND PRESSURE GRADIENT ON THE STABILITY OF DIII-D HIGH PERFORMANCE DISCHARGES by L.L. LAO, J.R. FERRON, E.J. STRAIT, V.S. CHAN, M.S. CHU, E.A. LAZARUS, TIC. LUCE, R.L. MILLER,
GA A25445 TARGET PLATE CONDITIONS DURING STOCHASTIC BOUNDARY OPERATION ON DIII D by J.G. WATKINS, T.E. EVANS, C.J. LASNIER, R.A. MOYER, and D.L. RUDAKOV JUNE 2006 QTYUIOP DISCLAIMER This report was prepared
GA A27805 EXPANDING THE PHYSICS BASIS OF THE BASELINE Q=10 SCENRAIO TOWARD ITER CONDITIONS by T.C. LUCE, G.L. JACKSON, T.W. PETRIE, R.I. PINSKER, W.M. SOLOMON, F. TURCO, N. COMMAUX, J.R. FERRON, A.M. GAROFALO,
GA A25229 ELM MILESTONE FOR FY05 by D.P. BRENNAN, E.D. HELD, S.E. KRUGER, A.Y. PANKIN, D.D. SCHNACK, AND C.R. SOVINEC APRIL 2006 DISCLAIMER This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an
Influence of Beta, Shape and Rotation on the H-mode Pedestal Height by A.W. Leonard with R.J. Groebner, T.H. Osborne, and P.B. Snyder Presented at Forty-Ninth APS Meeting of the Division of Plasma Physics
GA A26123 PARTICLE, HEAT, AND SHEATH POWER TRANSMISSION FACTOR PROFILES DURING ELM SUPPRESSION EXPERIMENTS ON DIII-D by J.G. WATKINS, T.E. EVANS, I. JOSEPH, C.J. LASNIER, R.A. MOYER, D.L. RUDAKOV, O. SCHMITZ,
UNDERSTANDING TRANSPORT THROUGH DIMENSIONLESS PARAMETER SCALING EXPERIMENTS by C.C. PETTY and T.C. LUCE JULY 1997 CENERaL ATOMRCS This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of
Characteristics of the H-mode H Pedestal and Extrapolation to ITER The H-mode Pedestal Study Group of the International Tokamak Physics Activity presented by T.Osborne 19th IAEA Fusion Energy Conference
LLNL-PROC-432803 Scaling of divertor heat flux profile widths in DIII-D C. J. Lasnier, M. A Makowski, J. A. Boedo, S. L. Allen, N. H. Brooks, D. N. Hill, A. W. Leonard, J. G. Watkins, W. P. West May 20,
GA A271 RECENT ECCD EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON DIII D by C.C. PETTY, J.S. degrassie, R.W. HARVEY, Y.R. LIN-LIU, J.M. LOHR, T.C. LUCE, M.A. MAKOWSKI, Y.A. OMELCHENKO, and R. PRATER AUGUST 2001 DISCLAIMER This
GA A26565 LIMITS TO H-MODE PEDESTAL PRESSURE GRADIENT IN DIII-D by R.J. GROEBNER, P.B. SNYDER, T.H. OSBORNE, A.W. LEONARD, T.L. RHODES, L. ZENG, E.A. UNTERBERG, Z. YAN, G.R. McKEE, C.J. LASNIER, J.A. BOEDO,
GA A27437 SCALING OF THE DIVERTOR HEAT FLUX WIDTH IN THE DIII-D TOKAMAK by M.A. MAKOWSKI, A.W. LEONARD, J.D. ELDER, C.J. LASNIER, J. NICHOLS, T.H. OSBORNE, P.C. STANGEBY and J.G. WATKINS OCTOBER 2012 DISCLAIMER
GA A23403 GAS PUFF FUELED H MODE DISCHARGES WITH GOOD ENERGY CONFINEMENT ABOVE THE GREENWALD DENSITY LIMIT ON DIII D by T.H. OSBORNE, M.A. MAHDAVI, M.S. CHU, M.E. FENSTERMACHER, R.J. La HAYE, A.W. LEONARD,
GA A26686 FAST ION EFFECTS DURING TEST BLANKET MODULE SIMULATION EXPERIMENTS IN DIII-D by G.J. KRAMER, B.V. BUDNY, R. ELLIS, W.W. HEIDBRINK, T. KURKI-SUONIO, R. NAZIKIAN, A. SALMI, M.J. SCHAFFER, K. SHINOHARA,
EFFECT OF EDGE NEUTRAL SOUCE PROFILE ON H-MODE PEDESTAL HEIGHT AND ELM SIZE T.H. Osborne 1, P.B. Snyder 1, R.J. Groebner 1, A.W. Leonard 1, M.E. Fenstermacher 2, and the DIII-D Group 47 th Annual Meeting
Broadband Magnetic and Density Fluctuation Evolution Prior to First ELM in DIII-D Edge Pedestal Presented by G. Wang a, In collaboration with W.A. Peebles a, P.B. Snyder b, T.L. Rhodes a, E.J. Doyle a,
GA A22571 REDUCTION OF TOROIDAL ROTATION BY FAST WAVE POWER IN DIII D by J.S. degrassie, D.R. BAKER, K.H. BURRELL, C.M. GREENFIELD, H. IKEZI, Y.R. LIN-LIU, C.C. PETTY, and R. PRATER APRIL 1997 This report
21 st IAEA Fusion Energy Conference Chengdu, China Oct. 16-21, 2006 DEPENDENCE OF THE H-MODE PEDESTAL STRUCTURE ON ASPECT RATIO R. Maingi 1, A. Kirk 2, T. Osborne 3, P. Snyder 3, S. Saarelma 2, R. Scannell
GA A25410 DISRUPTION CHARACTERIZATION AND DATABASE ACTIVITIES FOR ITER by J.C. WESLEY, A.W. HYATT, E.J. STRAIT, D.P. SCHISSEL, S.M. FLANAGAN, T.C. HENDER, Y. GRIBOV, P.C. devries, E.J. FREDRICKSON, D.A.
GA A6 PHYSICS OF OFF-AXIS ELECTRON CYCLOTRON CURRENT DRIVE by R. PRATER, C.C. PETTY, R. HARVEY, Y.R. LIN-LIU, J.M. LOHR, and T.C. LUCE JULY DISCLAIMER This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored
1 EX/P3-26 Particle transport results from collisionality scans and perturbative experiments on DIII-D E.J. Doyle 1), L. Zeng 1), G.M. Staebler 2), T.E. Evans 2), T.C. Luce 2), G.R. McKee 3), S. Mordijck
GA A26116 THE CONCEPTUAL MODEL OF THE MAGNETIC TOPOLOGY AND NONLINEAR DYNAMICS OF ELMs by T.E. EVANS, J.H. YU, M. JAKUBOWSKI, O. SCHMITZ, J.G. WATKINS, and R.A. MOYER JUNE 2008 DISCLAIMER This report was
ORNL/CP-99185 Assessment of Effects of Neutrals on the Power Threshold for L to H Transitions in DIII-D ^ ^ L W Owent, B A Carrerast, R Maingit, P K Mioduszewskit, T N CarlstrfS. R J Groebner* A(jQ j toak
GA A26887 ADVANCES TOWARD QH-MODE VIABILITY FOR ELM-FREE OPERATION IN ITER by A.M. GAROFALO, K.H. BURRELL, M.J. LANCTOT, H. REIMERDES, W.M. SOLOMON and L. SCHMITZ OCTOBER 2010 DISCLAIMER This report was
GA A23977 DETAILED MEASUREMENTS OF ECCD EFFICIENCY ON DIII D by C.C. PETTY, R. PRATER, J. LOHR, T.C. LUCE, R.A. ELLIS, III, R.W. HARVEY, J.E. KINSEY, L.L. LAO, and M.A. MAKOWSKI MAY 2002 DISCLAIMER This
SciDAC CENTER FOR SIMULATION OF WAVE-PLASMA INTERACTIONS GA A27760 ITERATED FINITE-ORBIT MONTE CARLO SIMULATIONS WITH FULL-WAVE FIELDS FOR MODELING TOKAMAK ICRF WAVE HEATING EXPERIMENTS Final Report for
Advancing the predictive capability for pedestal structure through experiment and modeling Highlights from the US Fusion Energy Science FY11 Joint Research Target J.W. Hughes 1, C.S. Chang 2, R.J. Groebner
GA A26866 REDUCED ELECTRON THERMAL TRANSPORT IN LOW COLLISIONALITY H-MODE PLASMAS IN DIII-D AND THE IMPORTANCE OF SMALL-SCALE TURBULENCE by L. SCHMITZ, C. HOLLAND, T.L. RHODES, G. WANG, L. ZENG, A.E. WHITE,
GA A27444 PROBING RESISTIVE WALL MODE STABILITY USING OFF-AXIS NBI by J.M. HANSON, F. TURCO M.J. LANCTOT, J. BERKERY, I.T. CHAPMAN, R.J. LA HAYE, G.A. NAVRATIL, M. OKABAYASHI, H. REIMERDES, S.A. SABBAGH,
GA A443 STUDY OF H MODE THRESHOLD CONDITIONS IN DIII D by R.J. GROEBNER, T.N. CARLSTROM, K.H. BURRELL, S. CODA, E.J. DOYLE, P. GOHIL, K.W. KIM, Q. PENG, R. MAINGI, R.A. MOYER, C.L. RETTIG, T.L. RHODES,
I JUL 2 5 m 7 GA-A22617 CORE TURBULENCE AND TRANSPORT REDUCTION IN DIII-D DISCHARGES WITH WEAK OR NEGATIVE MAGNETIC SHEAR by G.M. STAEBLER, C.M. GREENFIELD, D.P. SCHISSEL, K.H. BURRELL, T.A. CASPER, J.C.
GA A22993 EFFECTS OF PLASMA SHAPE AND PROFILES ON EDGE by L.L. LAO, V.S. CHAN, L. CHEN, E.J. DOYLE, J.R. FERRON, R.J. GROEBNER, G.L. JACKSON, R.J. LA HAYE, E.A. LAZARUS, G.R. McKEE, R.L. MILLER, M. MURAKAMI,
GA A24166 SUPER-INTENSE QUASI-NEUTRAL PROTON BEAMS INTERACTING WITH PLASMA: A NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION by H. RUHL, T.E. COWAN, and R.B. STEPHENS OCTOBER 2 DISCLAIMER This report was prepared as an account
GA A26247 EFFECT OF RESONANT AND NONRESONANT MAGNETIC BRAKING ON ERROR FIELD TOLERANCE IN HIGH BETA PLASMAS by H. REIMERDES, A.M. GAROFALO, E.J. STRAIT, R.J. BUTTERY, M.S. CHU, Y. In, G.L. JACKSON, R.J.
PPPL-3156, Preprint: March 1996, UC-420, 427 Role of Flow Shear in Enhanced Core Confinement Regimes TS Hahm and KH Burrell The importance of the ExB fla shear in arioi s enhanced confinement regimes is
Theory, Simulation and Modelling for the FY2011 Pedestal Milestone Phil Snyder for the ECC General Atomics, San Diego CA, USA ECC Conference Call August 21, 2009 Draft 2011 Theory Milestone The performance
GA A26242 COMPREHENSIVE CONTROL OF RESISTIVE WALL MODES IN DIII-D ADVANCED TOKAMAK PLASMAS by M. OKABAYASHI, I.N. BOGATU, T. BOLZONELLA, M.S. CHANCE, M.S. CHU, A.M. GAROFALO, R. HATCHER, Y. IN, G.L. JACKSON,
GA A22689 SLOW LINER FUSION by AUGUST 1997 DISCLAIMER This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any
GA A22636 RECENT H MODE DENSITY LIMIT EXPERIMENTS ON DIII D by M.A. MAHDAVI, R. MAINGI, R.J. LA HAYE, T.C. JERNIGAN, T.W. PETRIE, L.R. BAYLOR, A.W. HYATT, A.W. LEONARD, M. MURAKAMI, L.W. OWENS, R.T. SNIDER,
GA A27418 THE ROLE OF ZONAL FLOWS AND PREDATOR- PREY OSCILLATIONS IN THE FORMATION OF CORE AND EDGE TRANSPORT BARRIERS by L. SCHMITZ, L. ZENG, T.L. RHODES, J.C. HILLESHEIM, W.A. PEEBLES, R.J. GROEBNER,
GA A26807 RESULTS OF ITER TEST BLANKET MODULE MOCK-UP EXPERIMENTS by J.A. SNIPES, M.J. SCHAFFER, P. GOHIL, P. de VRIES, M.E. FENSTERMACHER, T.E. EVANS, X. GAO, A.M. GAROFALO, D.A. GATES, C.M. GREENFIELD,
The H-mode pedestal structure and its role on confinement in JET with a carbon and metal wall M.J. Leyland 1, M.N.A. Beurskens 2, L. Frassinetti 3, C. Giroud 2, S. Saarelma 2, P.B. Snyder 4, J. Flanagan
UCRL-JC-131974 PREPRINT A Distributed Radiator, Heavy Ion Driven Inertial Confinement Fusion Target with Realistic, Multibeam Illumination Geometry D. A. Callahan-Miller M. Tabak This paper was prepared
1 Scaling of divertor heat flux profile widths in DIII-D C.J. Lasnier 1, M.A. Makowski 1, J.A. Boedo 2, N.H. Brooks 3, D.N. Hill 1, A.W. Leonard 3, and J.G. Watkins 4 e-mail:email@example.com 1 Lawrence
G A-A22340 PLASMA MASS DENSITY, SPECIES MIX AND FLUCTUATION DIAGNOSTICS USING FAST ALFVEN WAVE by H. IKEZI, J.S. degrassie, R.1. PINSKER, and RET. SNIDER JUNE 1996 GENERAL ATOMICS DISCLAIMER I This report
Role of Magnetic Configuration and Heating Power in ITB Formation in JET. The JET Team (presented by V. Parail 1 ) JET Joint Undertaking, Abingdon, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom 1 present address: EURATOM/UKAEA
GA A24724 FAR SCRAPE-OFF LAYER AND NEAR WALL PLASMA STUDIES IN DIII D by D.L. RUDAKOV, J.A. BOEDO, R.A. MOYER, N.H. BROOKS, R.P. DOERNER, T.E. EVANS, M.E. FENSTERMACHER, M. GROTH, E.M. HOLLMANN, S. KRASHENINNIKOV,
ELMs on C-Mod J.W. Hughes for the Alcator C-Mod team C-Mod/NSTX Pedestal Workshop Princeton, NJ September 7 8, 1 EDA H-mode is supplanted by small ELMs at higher beta 7 6 5 T e ped (ev) 4 3 Unstable Stable
OV/2-5: Overview of Alcator C-Mod Results Research in Support of ITER and Steps Beyond* E.S. Marmar on behalf of the C-Mod Team 25 th IAEA Fusion Energy Conference, Saint Petersburg, Russia, 13 October,
Investigation of Intrinsic Rotation Dependencies in Alcator C-Mod D. Kwak, A. E. White, J. E. Rice, N. T. Howard, C. Gao, M. L. Reinke, M. Greenwald, C. Angioni, R. M. McDermott, and the C-Mod and ASDEX
GA A23797 UTILIZATION OF LIBEAM POLARIMETRY FOR EDGE CURRENT DETERMINATION ON DIII-D by D.M. THOMAS. D.K. FINKENTHAL, T.N. CARLSTROM, D.H. KELLMAN, D. BREWIS, T.H. OSBORNE, J.I. ROBINSON, A.S. BOZEK, K.H.
GA A26874 ITER PREDICTIONS USING THE GYRO VERIFIED AND EXPERIMENTALLY VALIDATED TGLF TRANSPORT MODEL by J.E. KINSEY, G.M. STAEBLER, J. CANDY and R.E. WALTZ NOVEMBER 20 DISCLAIMER This report was prepared
GA A27933 TURBULENCE BEHAVIOR AND TRANSPORT RESPONSE APPROACHING by G.R. McKEE, C. HOLLAND, Z. YAN, E.J. DOYLE, T.C. LUCE, A. MARINONI, C.C. PETTY, T.L. RHODES, J.C. ROST, L. SCHMITZ, W.M. SOLOMON, B.J.
TH/P8-4 Second Ballooning Stability Effect on H-mode Pedestal Scalings T. Onjun 1), A.H. Kritz ), G. Bateman ), A. Pankin ) 1) Sirindhorn International Institute of Technology, Klong Luang, Pathumthani,
GA A22863 PLASMA PRESSURE AND FLOWS DURING DIVERTOR DETACHMENT by M.J. SCHAFFER, J.A. BOEDO, N.H. BROOKS, R.C. ISLER, and R.A. MOYER AUGUST 1998 DISCLAIMER This report was prepared as an account of work
1 IAEA-CN-94/CT-3 Characteristics of the H-Mode Pedestal and Extrapolation to ITER T.H. Osborne, 1 J.G. Cordey, 2 R.J. Groebner, 1 T. Hatae, 3 A. Hubbard, 4 L.D. Horton, 5 Y. Kamada, 3 A. Kritz, 6 L.L.
1 Confinement and edge studies towards low ρ* and ν* at JET I Nunes 1,2, P J Lomas 3, D C McDonald 3, G Saibene 4, R Sartori 4, I Voitsekhovitch 3, M Beurskens 3, G Arnoux 3, A Boboc 3, T Eich 5, C Giroud
INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY 20th IAEA Fusion Energy Conference Vilamoura, Portugal, 1-6 November 2004 IAEA-CN-116/ STUDY OF ADVANCED TOKAMAK PERFORMANCE USING THE INTERNATIONAL TOKAMAK PHYSICS ACTIVITY
Overview of Tokamak Rotation and Momentum Transport Phenomenology and Motivations Lecture by: P.H. Diamond Notes by: C.J. Lee March 19, 2014 Abstract Toroidal rotation is a key part of the design of ITER
. Rotation and Particle Loss in Tore Supra R. B. Whitel, F. W. Perkinsz, X. Garbet3j C. Bourdelle3, V. Basiuk3, L. G. Eriksson 1Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University, P. O. Box 451, Princeton,
EFDA JET CP(1)/ B. Baiocchi, J. Garcia, M. Beurkens, C. Bourdelle, F. Crisanti, C. Giroud, J. Hobirk, F. Imbeaux, I. Nunes, EU-ITM ITER Scenario Modelling group and JET EFDA contributors Turbulent Transport
GA A22722 CENTRAL THOMSON SCATTERING UPGRADE ON DIII D by D.G. NILSON, T.N. CARLSTROM, C.L. HSIEH, B.W. STALLARD, and R.E. STOCKDALE NOVEMBER 1997 DISCLAIMER This report was prepared as an account of work
Stationary, High Bootstrap Fraction Plasmas in DIII-D Without Inductive Current Control P. A. Politzer, 1 A. W. Hyatt, 1 T. C. Luce, 1 F. W. Perkins, 4 R. Prater, 1 A. D. Turnbull, 1 D. P. Brennan, 5 J.
-,.*w Generation of Plasma Rotation in a Tokamak by Ion-Cyclotron Absorption of Fast Alfven Waves F. W. Perkins 1-2, R. B. White 2, and P. Bonoli 3 1 Plasma Physics Laboratory, P.O.Box 4.51, Princeton,


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A review of the online slots game Kiss and information on where you can play.Starlight Kiss is a 5 reel, 30 pay line fixed online slot game by Microgaming.
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domain: game


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The market deteriorated very quickly last week. The 4 down days occurred on much higher volume than the single up day. In fact, the up volume of some of the bear 3X ETF’s (EDZ, FAZ, ERY) was the highest I have ever seen, especially on Friday. The 2X Ultra short QQQQ ETF (QID) also had huge up volume. This suggests that the pros are making huge bets on the short side. The Worden T2108 is now at 21%, not yet at extreme oversold levels, but it is getting there. The GMI fell
to 2 and the GMI-R is at 3. By my count, Friday was the 3rd day of the new short term down trend in the QQQQ. While all of my short term indicators look weak, my weekly indicator remains positive. For now, this implies to me a short term down-trend within a longer term up-trend. So, what to do? I am sold out of almost all stock positions and still have some puts sold on 3X bullish ETF’s. I may close them out with losses this week. This is not the time to be a lone brave person trading against the short term trend. It is always possible that this short term down trend could turn into a long term down trend. If that happens I will go to cash in my university pension and trade QID in my IRA. But that would require a much larger decline from these levels. Only time will tell. The key is to conserve capital so as to take positions once the short and long term trends are again in synch. Only 9% of the Nasdaq 100 stocks have their MACD above its signal line. This is a sign of extreme short term weakness. The QQQQ and SPY are both below their 10 week averages. When this occurs I rarely make money trading growth stocks on the long side. I still own some GLD and have small hedged positions in NFLX. This could be another decline that sets up a rally into options expiration in 3 weeks, but we don’t know for sure and I won’t bet on a year end rally. Time to have close stops and be very careful.

domain: finance


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Evaluation of the Reading Ahead ESOL pilot
This reports on the third year of our project for prisoners with ESOL funded by The Bell Foundation and draws on evidence from the previous two years.
« Back to resources
26 January 2021
• Media releases
Search for reading groups in your area with this brilliant Reading Groups for Everyone tool, then join one!
Our Reading Ahead Find a Read tool is designed for you to filter the type of book you want, at the reading level you are comfortable with.
Use our Summer Reading Challenge Book Sorter to find brilliant books recommended by other children.

domain: library


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The Treasury Committee of the U.K. Parliament is planning to spearhead an investigation into cryptocurrencies, namely, to examine how virtual currencies like bitcoin affect British investors and businesses.
This is amid the growing popularity and value of cryptocurrencies, their future has remained unclear.
It can be remembered that from our previous report that some countries have adapted by fiercely cracking down on cryptocurrency exchanges, ICOs, and other elements of the new industry.
Other governments are more cautious in their approach. Still, for a global industry that is known for its extreme volatility, even the slightest inkling that a country may be looking to step in with additional regulation can send markets tumbling.
According to report from Coin Telegraph, the inquiry was announced on February 22 it will explore the ways in which cryptocurrencies impact U.K. consumers, investors and businesses.
The Treasury Committee cited the media hype surrounding virtual currencies and their erratic price movements for the probe.
According to the chairman of the Treasury Committee Nicky Morgan, the inquiry “will look at the potential risks that digital currencies could generate for consumers, businesses, and governments, including those relating to volatility, money laundering, and cyber-crime. We will also examine the potential benefits of cryptocurrencies and the technology underpinning them, how they can create innovative opportunities, and to what extent they could disrupt the economy and replace traditional means of payment.”
As of the moment, cryptocurrencies are largely unregulated in the U.K.


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creative visiting card
The creative business card shows the essence of the owner. Every person and professional are unique in their own way and the card displays the uniqueness to the full stretch. Shapes and imagery represents the business and individual’s mind set. The words display the info. A full fledged flexible experience.

domain: artistic


Powerful 5 pole motor with twin flywheels. Directional Head and Tail Lighting with Day/Night modes. Lighting can be controlled by easy-access switches or via DCC. SOUND FITTED - See below for function list. F0 - Directional Lights - On/Off (plus Light Switch Sound).
F1 - Warm Engine Start-up / Shut-down (With F8 On - Cold Engine Start-up). F3 - Single Horn (Speed Related). F4 - Two-Tone Horn (Speed Related).F5 - On - Light Engine / Off - Heavy train. F6 - Engine Idle / Coasting. F8 - Cold Start (engage F1 before F8). F9 - Flange Squeal (Speed Related). F10 - Guard's Whistle.
F14 - On - Night Mode Directional Lights / Off - Day Mode Directional Lights. F15 - Detonators (Speed Related).F17 - Wagon Snatching & Buffering. F18 - On - Driver's Door Open / Off - Driver's Door Close. F19 - Fade All Sounds. F20 - Nose End Directional Lights Off. F21 - Cab End Directional Lights Off.
F22 - Cab Light On (Only when Stationary). The British Railways Board's (BRB) 1955 modernisation plan called for a change to alternative forms of traction and manufacturers were asked to produce trial or initial designs for evaluation.
English Electric adapted an existing design based on an export model for a 1,000bhp diesel and 20 were built as a pilot scheme for assessment. The first batch was built in 1957 and the diesels were assigned to work from Devon's Road depot, East London. The design was a success from the start and by 1962 a total of 127 had been built.
Following assessment of all the Type 1 diesels, BRB placed a further order increasing the total to 228 by 1968 and the design became the BR standard for 1,000bhp diesel locomotives. With the introduction of TOPS the locomotives were designated Class 20 and renumbered 20001 to 20228. The Class 20s worked over the Eastern, London Midland and Scottish regions as well as into Wales and were commonly associated with coal traffic. The only drawback the Class had was its single end cab, unlike modern designs that have a cab at each end. BR's decision to switch to Type 5 and in particular Class 60 diesels in the late 1980s started a gradual withdrawal of the fleet, with just 28 left by 1994.
At least 28 of the class are now preserved. The item "BNIB OO Gauge Bachmann 35-125SF DCC SOUND Class 20/3 20306 DRS Blue Loco" is in sale since Thursday, April 15, 2021.
This item is in the category "Collectables\Model Railroads & Trains\Railroads & Trains\Locomotives". The seller is "kjb-models" and is located in Hensall. This item can be shipped to all countries in Europe.


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Survivor Spotlight: PTSD Awareness
Survivors of sexual assault may feel anxiety, stress, or fear for some time after experiencing a traumatic life event. These symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) can make it difficult to adjust or cope, and may occur long after the assault. Flashbacks, reliving the assault, and increased anxiety are other common symptoms of PTSD. In June, as part of PTSD Awareness Month, RAINN is focusing on survivors who have suffered from PTSD. William and Ashley, both survivors, share how they are learning to heal while continuing to cope.
When William Turner was 5 years old, he was repeatedly sexually abused by his older male cousin. As a gay man who grew up in a Southern Baptist community, William kept the abuse a secret in fear of the reactions he might receive from family and friends. “I used to think that being sexually victimized was the product of being gay or vice versa. They are not,” he said.
Now William copes with PTSD that is often brought on from environmental stressors. “One may come to a place where they may forgive but they never forget,” he said. “I have not forgotten. I am reminded of this still almost every night, especially as a gay man, when someone touches me, raises their voice, or I find myself in an aggressive situation where I witness others being treated in a hostile manner.” He says he does his best to avoid these prompts in order to reduce the stress that comes along with PTSD.
Overall, though, William says his greatest coping mechanism has been reaching out to others. He has had careers in fitness, wellness coaching, teaching, and youth mentorship, and is working toward building his own business that focuses on wellness and self-esteem. Furthermore, he wants to be an advocate and inspiration for young boys who have been sexually abused.
“We all have a story to tell. Who we tell them to and the lives we change in the process can make all the difference in the world,” said William.
At the age of 19, Ashley Stevens was raped by a female friend while they were on an overnight trip. When she spoke about her experience, many people told her same-sex rape did not exist or that it only rarely happened. “When you, as a survivor, are hearing things like this from your local rape crisis center and from a sociology/women's studies college professor, what are you supposed to think? They're professionals. They're older than you are. Maybe they have a point,” said Ashley.
Ashley’s experiences with PTSD have manifested themselves in panic attacks brought on by situations that remind her of the assault, such as overnight trips and hotel rooms. She says that finding a professional who can help a survivor unpack their emotions and teach useful coping strategies is crucial. “I have always armed myself with knowledge to combat any monster or foe I face. The more I know, the less I have to fear,” she said.
Now Ashley hopes to one day open a rape crisis center that focuses on members of the LGBT community who have experienced sexual violence. She uses her membership in the RAINN Speakers Bureau to speak out about her experience, and inspire others to do the same. “You have a story to tell, and when you're ready to tell it, there isn't a soul on the face of the earth who can keep you quiet,” said Ashley.
For Additional Help
If you know or suspect someone is suffering from PTSD:
- Offer emotional support, understanding, patience, and encouragement.
- Learn about PTSD, including available recovery resources and treatments.
- Remember that with time and treatment, victims of PTSD can see improved symptoms and effective management of the disorder.
National Sexual Assault Hotline

domain: sociology


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This smoothie was delicious! It’s amazing how much the banana really cuts out the flavor of the greens! By the time I added my ice to the blender I ended up with 44 oz!!! I can see that taking pictures is going to be a creative challenge because they so far even though the ingredients differ some, they are all GREEN! :)
Chia seeds are known for a whole host of health benefits, but today I wanted to talk about how it stabilizes blood sugar. They slow down the rate at which complex carbohydrates are digested and then assimilated into the body. The soluble fiber helps to stabilize blood glucose levels resulting in steady, sustained energy. In one study on diabetic patients, Dr. Vladamir Vuksan of St. Michael’s Hospital in Toronto, found that blood was thinner and less prone to clotting and blood pressure of participants dropped significantly, after three months of taking Chia seeds daily.
Blending fruits and vegetables together breaks down the cells of plants and improves digestibility. BUT even with that, be sure to chew your smoothies. The chewing process starts the release of the saliva in your mouth. The mixture of saliva and your food is where digestion begins. This is a very healthy habit to get into. It may feel strange at first but soon it will become an automatic response.

domain: health


Dosti (Friendship) Reviews
Alone the great voice of Rafi combined with Sudhir wow. I wish my Generation wouldnt be so easily running after all those imitations of these days and I wish they would give the Classics a chance too.
Dosti is a story of two boys, Ramu (Sushil Kumar) and Mohan (Sudhir Kumar). Ramu becomes a cripple due to an accident while Mohan is blind. The two earn a living by singing and playing the harmonica.
Both actors play their parts convincingly. One of the film's highlights is the music -- scored by newcomers Laxmikant-Pyarelal -- especially songs like Chahoonga mein tumein, Teri dosti mera pyar, Janewale zara and Rahi manava dukh ki chinta.
One of the Piece of Candy I proudly own and enjoy everytime I watch it.
Even though Dosti won a National Award for Best Film, it did nothing for the actors' careers. Dosti was one of Sushil Kumar's earliest films, and his last.
Sudhir Kumar featured in only two films after this -- Love (1991) and Dulhe Raja (1998).
Only the producers -- Rajshri Films, makers of the hit Hum Aapke Hain Kaun...! -- composers L-P and an actor who played one of the small roles Sanjay Khan profited from the film's success.


Wuhan summit Day 2 Live updates: Modi and Xi trying new ways of communicating, want peace on border, says MEA: The respected Prime Minister of India, Mr. Narendra Modi completed his 1-hour long boat ride with his host Chinese President Xi Jinping on the last Saturday. This was the last day of an ice-breaking trip both are expected to lead better ties.
Modi spends about 24 hours in the central Chinese city of Wuhan, after some months of the Doklam standoff soured ties.
Billed by both sides as a very casual meeting to a certain extent than a summit, with none of the pomp and ceremony of a state visit, like, the 21-gun salutes, the two men held talks on the last Friday.
Follow live updates here.
10:30 am: China and India to have a joint economic project in Afghanistan, as per the media reports.
10:10 am: Briefing ends.
10:09 am: “The two leaders underscored that it is important to maintain peace along India-China border region and decided that they will issue strategic guidance to their respective militaries to strengthen communications and to build trust and understanding,” ANI quotes Gokhlae said.
10:08 am: Modi and Xi have agreed to these great and massive efforts which required making to maintain peace and tranquility at the border, stated by Gokhale in response to a question.
10:07 am: This is considering as a new way of communication which the leaders are trying. President Xi Jinping hasn’t hosted any foreign leader outside capital Beijing, told by Gokhale.
10 am: In their meetings, the 2 leaders agreed to maintain peace alongside the border, where they also maintain balance trade ties, which were stated by the Indian foreign secretary.
9:29 am: The 2 leaders told the informal meeting was open and helped in boosting strategic ties, told by Gokhale
9:58 am: Both leaders acknowledge the threat of terrorism and agreed on “resolute opposition to terrorism”, told by Gokhale.
9:57 am: Global issues discussed in this meetings which are consists of the climate change, food security, and sustainable development.
9:56 am: Regarding the economic stability, both nations, China and India acknowledged each other’s role in order to help the global economy grow, says Gokhale.
9:55 am: Gokhale stated that the leaders agreed there should be the more strategic boost for this communications.
9:54 am: Gokhale says the leaders also speak about the sharing cultural ties, PM Modi told that more movies could be shared. Leaders also discussed sharing the expertise in sports.
9:50 am: India’s foreign secretary Vijay Gokhale stated about the basic objective of the summit which is yet to discuss overlapping issues between the 2 nations. The 2 leaders also agreed that they will be proceeding with peaceful bilateral relations.
9:49 am: Briefing started with the India ambassador to China also present.
9:43 am: A briefing by the Indian foreign secretary is all set come soon.
9:19 am: Prime Minister Narendra Modi and Chinese President Xi Jinping also discuss inside a houseboat on Wuhan’s East Lake about many issues. The leaders are in private talks; with just two interpreters help them to clear their communication.
9:10 am: The leaders participate in a tea ceremony.
8:50 am: Modi and Xi board a boat; where the leaders take a ride on the East Lake, the 2nd big and largest urban lake in China.
8:15 am: Day 2 of the ‘informal’ summit started with a walk around the renowned and prominent East Lake in Wuhan.
Modi and Xi spent their first day of the ‘informal’ summit touring the Hubei Provincial Museum, holding the delegation-level discussion and eventually their meeting took place at a dinner hosted by the Chinese president at Mao’s villa.
The meetings over after 2 days as per its anticipation which was set the stage for a more positive relationship between India and China post-2017 military standoff in Doklam soured ties, in the middle of other issues.
Prime Minister Modi said cooperation between two countries is essential to maintain peace and stability around the world and offered to host the next informal summit between leaders of the two Asian giants.
President Xi too said he believed they can have more summits in the same format.
“We should look at the big picture of China-India relationship from the strategic angle and ensure our relationship continues forward in a positive direction. The friendship between the two countries should continue to grow like Yangtze and Ganges flowing forward forever,” Xi was quoted as saying by state-run CCTV.


Finding your suitable readers for hp touchscreen professional laptop is not easy. You may need consider between hundred or thousand products from many store. In this article, we make a short list of the best readers for hp touchscreen professional laptop including detail information and customer reviews. Let’s find out which is your favorite one.
728 reviews analysed
1. HP – Envy x360 2-in-1 15.6" Touch-Screen Laptop – Intel Core i7 – 12GB Memory – 512GB SSD + 32GB Optane – Natural Silver
- 10th Gen Intel Core i7-1065G7 mobile processor: Powerful quad-core, eight-way processing performance. Intel Turbo Boost Technology delivers dynamic extra power when you need it, while increasing energy efficiency when you don’t.
- 12GB system memory for full-power multitasking: Plenty of high-bandwidth RAM to smoothly run your games and photo- and video-editing applications, as well as multiple programs and browser tabs all at once.
- 512 GB Solid State Drive (PCI-e): Save files fast and store more data. With massive amounts of storage and advanced communication power, PCI-e SSDs are great for major gaming applications, multiple servers, daily backups, and more.
- 360° flip-and-fold design: Offers versatile functionality with laptop, audience, tabletop, presentation and tablet modes.
- Intel Iris Plus Graphics: On-processor graphics with shared video memory provide everyday image quality for Internet use, basic photo editing and casual gaming.
HP ENVY x360 Convertible 2-in-1 Laptop: Finish pending projects on the go with this 15.6-inch Full HD HP ENVY x360 convertible laptop. The Intel Core i7 processor and 12GB of RAM provide powerful performance, while the 360-degree hinge meets your viewing preferences. Featuring a 512GB SSD, this HP ENVY x360 convertible laptop offers high-performance storage, and the backlit keyboard makes it easy to work in low-light environments.
2. New HP 15.6" HD Touchscreen Laptop Intel Core i3-1005G1 8GB DDR4 RAM 128GB SSD HDMI Bluetooth 802.11/b/g/n/ac Windows 10 15-dy1731ms Silver
- 15.6 in HD WLED touchscreen (1366 x 768), 10-finger multi-touch support.
- 10th Generation Intel Core i3-1005G1 1.2GHz up to 3.4GHz.
- 8GB DDR4 SDRAM 2666MHz, 128GB SSD, No Optical Drive.
- Intel UHD Graphics, HD Audio with stereo speakers. HP TrueVision HD camera.
- Realtek RTL8821CE 802.11b/g/n/ac, Bluetooth 4.2, 1 HDMI 1.4, 1 USB 3.1 Gen 1 Type-C, 2 USB 3.1 Gen 1 Type-A.
New HP 15.6″ HD Touchscreen Laptop Intel Core i3-1005G1 8GB DDR4 RAM 128GB SSD HDMI Bluetooth 802.11/b/g/n/ac Windows 10 15-dy1731ms SilverTackle your to-do list from sun-up to sundown with the steadfast HP 15-dy1731ms laptop. Packed with a speedy 10th Gen Intel processor, this everyday powerhouse brings the muscle for an entire day of work, play, and everything in between. Hours of battery life mean you can transition from morning meetings to evening entertainment without plugging in. And it all looks as good as it performs thanks to a brilliant HD micro-edge bezel display.
3. HP 14-inch Touchscreen Laptop, AMD Ryzen 3-3200U up to 3.5GHz, 8GB DDR4, 256GB SSD, Bluetooth, USB 3.1 Type-C, Webcam, WiFi, HDMI, Windows 10 Home
- The HP 14 looks great no matter where you go, thanks to a micro-edge BrightView backlit HD touchscreen display. An ultra-narrow bezel delivers a 78% screen-to-body ratio, maximizing display size without adding unnecessary bulk.
- On-the-go computing is lightweight and powered up for productivity with the HP 14 laptop. A reliable AMD Ryzen 3 processor and Radeon graphics deliver hardy performance when streaming, surfing, or getting work done. Plus, the convenient touchscreen interface gives you the means to do more, faster.
- 8GB system memory for advanced multitasking. Substantial high-bandwidth RAM to smoothly run your games and photo- and video-editing applications, as well as multiple programs and browser tabs all at once. 256GB Solid State Drive. Save files fast and store more data.
- Windows 10 in S mode exclusively uses Microsoft-verified apps from the Windows Store to keep you running fast and secure day in and day out. Enjoy the Windows you know, Microsoft-verified apps delivered via the Windows Store, and the convenience of the cloud. Accessories: ABYS USB extension cable, HDMI cable and mouse pad.
- A long-lasting 8-hour battery means you can continue your work with ease and peace of mind throughout the day. When it’s time to plug in, you’ll be ready in no time thanks to HP Fast Charge technology. (Battery life varies by configuration, operating conditions, and other factors. Maximum battery capacity decreases with time and use.)
4. 2020 HP 15 15.6" HD Touchscreen Premium Laptop – 10th Gen Intel Core i5-1035G1, 16GB DDR4, 512GB SSD, USB Type-C, HDMI, Windows 10 – Silver W
- Fast Processor 10th Generation intel(r) core(tm) i5-1035g1 Processor quad-core 1 0 GHz Base frequency up to 3 6 GHz with Intel’s) Turbo Boost Technology
- Display 15 6-Inch diagonal HD SVA bright View micro-edge WLED-backlit touchscreen display (1366 x 768)
- Fast boot up with SSD Boot up in seconds transfer files without waiting hours and enjoy a snappier experience with the internal solid-state drive 512 GB pcie(r) nvme(tm) M 2 Solid State Drive
- 1 HDMI 1 4b 1 headphone/microphone combo 1 USB 3 1 Type-C Gen 1 (Data Transfer up to 5 Gb/s) 2 USB 3 1 Gen 1 (Data transfer only) 1 AC smart pin
- Windows 10 Home No DVD
We sell computers with professional upgrade and customization The manufacturer box is opened for testing and inspection and installation of upgrades to achieve the specifications as advertised Defects and blemishes are significantly reduced by professional inspection and testing Screen size 15 6 in HD WLED display (1366 x 768) Processor Intel Core i5-1035G1 1 0 GHz up to 3 6 GHz Memory 16GB DDR4 2666 MHz Hard drive size 512GB SSD Operating system Windows 10 Home 64-bit PC type Laptop Optical drive None Media drive None Audio HD audio with stereo speakers Video Intel UHD Graphics Ports 1 USB 3 1 Gen 1 Type-C 2 USB 3 1 Gen 1 Type-A 1 HDMI 1 4 1 DisplayPort 1 headphone/microphone combo jack Battery 41Whr 3-cell lithium-ion battery Camera HP TrueVision HD camera Wireless Realtek RTL8821CE 802 11ac Bluetooth Bluetooth 4 2 Dimensions 9 53 x 14 11 x 0 71 in (242 06 x 358 39 x 18 03 mm) Weight 3 75 lbs (1 70 kgs) Color Natural silver and ash silver description “Legendary Computer sells computers” changed to “We sell computers”
5. HP EliteBook 8460P 14-inch Notebook PC – Intel Core i5-2520M 2.5GHz 4GB 250GB Windows 10 Pro (Renewed)
- Certified Refurbished product has been tested and certified by the manufacturer or by a third-party refurbisher to look and work like new, with limited to no signs of wear. The refurbishing process includes functionality testing, inspection, reconditioning and repackaging. The product ships with relevant accessories, a 90-day warranty, and may arrive in a generic white or brown box. Accessories may be generic and not directly from the manufacturer.
This is an HP EliteBook 8460p Notebook computer, featuring Intel Core i5-2520M 2.50Ghz processor, DVD-RW, 8GB of RAM, and a 250GB Hard Drive. This machine is fully refurbished and will offer you years of computing, backed by our 90 Day Warranty!
6. HP Pavilion x360 14" FHD WLED Touchscreen 2-in-1 Convertible Laptop, Intel Quad-Core i5-8250U 1.60GHz up to 3.4GHz, 8GB DDR4, 256GB SSD, WiFi, Bluetooth, Webcam, HDMI, Fingerprint Reader, Windows 10
- 14″ diagonal FHD IPS micro-edge WLED-backlit multitouch-enabled edge-to-edge glass (1920 x 1080), Intel Core i5-8265U (1.6 GHz base frequency, up to 3.9 GHz with Intel Turbo Boost Technology, 6 MB cache, 4 cores)
- 256GB PCIe NVMe M.2 SSD, 8GB DDR4-2400 SDRAM (1 x 8 GB)
- Intel UHD Graphics 620, 1 multi-format SD media card reader, 1 USB 3.1 Type-C Gen 1 (Data Transfer Only, 5 Gb/s signaling rate)
- 2 USB 3.1 Gen 1 (Data Transfer Only, 5 Gb/s signaling rate)
- 1 HDMI
- 1 headphone/microphone combo
- Wireless connectivity: Realtek 802.11b/g/n/a/ac (2×2) and Bluetooth 4.2 combo, HP Wide Vision HD Camera with integrated dual array digital microphone
- B&O PLAY, HP Audio Boost, dual speakers, Windows 10 Home 64bit (This laptop does not include a built-in DVD/CD drive.)
You’ll always get the perfect view with the HP Pavilion x360 14. Its 360-degree hinge flips the screen all the way around for use as a laptop, stand, tent, or tablet. It’s power-packed, too, with an 8th Gen Intel Core i5 processor and speedy SSD for lightning-quick and smooth performance. And with a touchscreen display, the Pavilion x360 14 is perfect for writing, drawing, or jotting notes.
7. HP High Performance 15.6" Touch-Screen Laptop (15-EF0023dx) AMD Ryzen 5 3500U 12GB Memory 256GB SSD – Natural Silver
Windows 10 operating system Windows 10 brings back the Start Menu from Windows 7 and introduces new features, like the Edge Web browser that lets you markup Web pages on your screen. Learn more › 15.6″ touch screen BrightView glossy screen maintains the vivid colors in your photos and videos. Typical 1366 x 768 HD resolution. WLED backlight. Ryzen 5 Enjoy high application performance and smoother gaming experiences with AMD Ryzen 5 processors, with machine intelligence, multitasking capabilities and efficient architecture with up to 6 cores and 12 processing. 12GB system memory for full-power multitasking Plenty of high-bandwidth RAM to smoothly run your games and photo- and video-editing applications, as well as multiple programs and browser tabs all at once. Solid State Drive (PCI-e) Save files fast and store more data. With massive amounts of storage and advanced communication power, PCI-e SSDs are great for major gaming applications, multiple servers, daily backups, and more. AMD Radeon Vega 8 Integrated graphics chipset with shared video memory provides solid image quality for Internet use, movies, basic photo editing and casual gaming. Weighs 3.84 lbs. and measures 0.7″ thin Ultrathin and ultralight for maximum portability, featuring a smaller screen size and omitting the DVD/CD drive to achieve the compact form factor. 3-cell lithium-ion battery. HDMI output expands your viewing options Connect to an HDTV or high-def monitor to set up two screens side by side or just see more of the big picture. Built-in media reader for simple photo transfer Supports SD memory card formats. Wireless-AC connectivity (1×1, 433 Mbps) Connect to a Wireless-AC router for nearly 3x the speed, more capacity and wider coverage than Wireless-N (150 Mbps). Backward-compatible with all other Wi-Fi networks and hotspots. Built-in HP TrueVision HD webcam with dual-array digital microphone Makes it easy to video chat with family and friends or teleconference with colleagues ove
8. Newest HP 14-inch Chromebook HD Touchscreen Laptop PC (Intel Celeron N3350 up to 2.4GHz, 4GB RAM, 32GB Flash Memory, WiFi, HD Camera, Bluetooth, Up to 10 hrs Battery Life, Chrome OS , Black )
- 14-inch Touchscreen HD (1366 x 768 ) WLED backlight Display, Built-in cloud support, Built-in virus, protection and Google products, No Optical Drive
- Intel Celeron N3350 dual-core 1.1GHz (2M Cache, Turbo boost up to 2.4GHz) Processor, Intel HD Graphics 500
- 4GB system Memory, 32GB eMMc Flash memory for basic multitasking adequate high-bandwidth RAM to smoothly run multiple applications and browser tabs all at once
- 802.11AC Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, USB 2.0, Built-in media reader for simple photo transfer, HP truevision HD Webcam
- Google Chrome OS, Battery life up to 10 hrs, weighs 3.4 lbs. And measures 0.7″ Thin
Operating system: Google Chrome OS, Automatically downloads and installs security and software updates, so you don’t have to waste your time managing patches and waiting for restarts
Display: 14-inch HD Touchscreen WLED backlight 1366 x 768
Processor: Intel Celeron processor N3350 1.1GHz, Turbo boost up to 2.4Ghz
Memory: 4GB system memory
Storage: 32GB eMMC flash memory
Features: Built-in cloud support, Built-in virus protection and Google products
Graphics: Intel HD Graphics 500
Media Reader: Built-in media reader for simple photo transfer
Wireless: Next-generation wireless connectivity
Webcam: Built-in HP TrueVision HD webcam with dual array microphone
Optical Drive: None
Dimension: 13.3’’ x 8.9’’ x 0.7’’
Weight: 3.4 lbs
9. 2020 HP 14-inch HD Touchscreen Premium Laptop PC, AMD Ryzen 3 3200U Processor, 8GB DDR4 Memory, 256GB SSD, Bluetooth, Windows 10, Silver
- AMD Dual Core Ryzen 3 3200U Processor (2.6GHz, up to 3.5GHz, 4MB cache, 2 cores)
- 8GB DDR4 SDRAM, 256GB Solid Sata Drive, AMD Radeon Vega 3 Graphics
- 14.0-inch diagonal HD SVA BrightView micro-edge Touchscreen (1366 x 768)
- Realtek RTL8821CE 802.11b/g/n/ac (1×1) Wi-Fi + Bluetooth 4.2
- 2 x USB 3.1 Gen 1 Type-A, 1 x USB 3.1 Gen 1 Type-C, HDMI, RJ-45
2020 HP 14-inch HD Touchscreen Premium laptop PC, AMD Ryzen 3 3200U Processor, 8GB DDR4 Memory, 256GB SSD, Bluetooth, Windows 10, Silver
Designed for long-lasting performance this HP 14-inch laptop lets you speed through tasks and stay connected all day, with the latest processors and a rich HD display.
· AMD Dual Core Ryzen 3 3200U Processor (2.6GHz, up to 3.5GHz, 4MB cache, 2 cores)
· 8GB DDR4 SDRAM
· 256GB SSD
· 14.0-inch diagonal HD SVA BrightView micro-edge Touchscreen (1366 x 768)
· AMD Radeon Vega 3 Graphics
· Microsoft Windows 10 Home 64 Bit
· Realtek RTL8821CE 802.11b/g/n/ac (1×1) Wi-Fi + Bluetooth 4.2
Ports and slots:
· 1 x USB 3.1 Gen 1 Type-C
· 2 x USB 3.1 Gen 1 Type-A
· 1x headphone/microphone combo
· 1x HDMI 1.4
· 1x RJ45
Dimensions and weight:
· Dimensions(W x D x H): 12.76″ W x 8.90″ D x 0.78″ H
· Weight (approximate): 3.33 lbs.
By our suggestions above, we hope that you can found Hp Touchscreen Professional Laptop for you.Please don’t forget to share your experience by comment in this post. Thank you!


text:
I wandered through a careless world
Deceived when not deceiving,
And never gave an idle heart
The rapture of believing.
The smiles, the sighs, the glancing eyes,
Of many hundred comers
Swept by me, light as rose-leaves blown
From long-forgotten summers.
But never eyes so deep and bright
And loyal in their seeming,
And never smiles so full of light
Have shone upon my dreaming.
The looks and lips so gay and wise,
The thousand charms that wreathe them,
Almost I dare believe that truth
Is safely shrined beneath them.
Ah! do they shine, those eyes of thine,
But for our own misleading?
The fresh young smile, so pure and fine,
Does it but mock our reading?
Then faith is fled, and trust is dead,
And unbelief grows duty,
If fraud can wield the triple arm
Of youth and wit and beauty.
Read this poem in other languages
This poem has not been translated into any other language yet.
Comments about this poem (Blondine by John Hay )
- Money is not always honey, MOHAMMAD SKATI
- Broken Promises, Ronald Chapman
- Death and final farewell, Gangadharan nair Pulingat..
- Sion's Sonnets, Francis Quarles
- Here is the morning, gajanan mishra
- Reflection, dee villa
- Your Old Poems, Pradip Chattopadhyay
- A basket, MOHAMMAD SKATI
- Sonnets, Francis Quarles
- Not all politicians, hasmukh amathalal
Poem of the Day
- The Road Not Taken, Robert Frost
- Fire and Ice, Robert Frost
- Still I Rise, Maya Angelou
- Phenomenal Woman, Maya Angelou
- Nothing Gold Can Stay, Robert Frost
- I Know Why The Caged Bird Sings, Maya Angelou
- Annabel Lee, Edgar Allan Poe
- Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening, Robert Frost
- Dreams, Langston Hughes
- If, Rudyard Kipling
(March 26, 1874 – January 29, 1963)
(4 April 1928 - 28 May 2014)
Edgar Allan Poe
(19 January 1809 - 7 October 1849)
(10 December 1830 – 15 May 1886)
(1 February 1902 – 22 May 1967)
- Heather Burns
(27 October 1914 – 9 November 1953)
(16 August 1920 – 9 March 1994)
(31 May 1819 - 26 March 1892)
(12 July 1904 – 23 September 1973)

domain: literature


text:
ITV4 will broadcast the World Cup 2018 clash between Switzerland and Costa Rica this evening.
Both teams contest their third and final match in Group E at the Nizhny Novgorod Stadium in Russia.
The Swiss need just a point from this game to progress to the knockout phase, following a 1-1 draw with Brazil in their first game and a last-gasp 2-1 victory over Serbia last Friday.
Arsenal midfielder Granit Xhaka and Stoke City’s Xherdan Shaqiri were the heroes on that occasion, but their controversial goal celebrations may well see them banned from this match.
Costa Rica are already eliminated, so will be playing for pride only here.
Match commentary comes from Joe Speight and Iain Dowie.
The match will also be streamed live via the ITV Hub.
Wednesday, June 27
15.00 (BBC One) Korea Rep v Germany
15.00 (BBC Two) Mexico v Sweden
19.00 (ITV) Serbia v Brazil
19.00 (ITV4) Switzerland v Costa Rica
Manchester City travel to the Santiago Bernabeu to take on Real Madrid in the first leg of their UEFA Champions League Round of 16 match this evening. While Madrid are the most successful side in European Cup history, and have… Read more
Chelsea and Bayern Munich meet in the Champions League Round of 16 first leg at Stamford Bridge this evening. The Blues come into this one after a confidence-boosting 2-1 win over Spurs at the weekend. Current manager Frank Lampard captained… Read more
ITV will broadcast the final match in the third round of Six Nations 2020 fixtures this afternoon. The match takes place at Twickenham as England host Ireland. England bounced back from a defeat at the hands of France by recording… Read more

domain: news


text:
For a while I thought I was becoming someone with too much to say. I’ve always been quiet. A lot of people have called me shy, but I prefer quiet because it’s not often out of nerves that I don’t speak. It’s choice. Over the last few months I’ve been saying a lot and wondering how to reign back my tongue again.
I say this now because coming to write this chapter I realise I don’t have much to say for April, and at the same time that’s kind of been the theme. Perhaps the entirety of this month can be summed up in the four day weekend most of us enjoyed. It was the first weekend in a long time that I did nothing but write. Not many words for some, plenty by my standards. If I wasn’t writing, I was in the gym, refocusing my mind so I could write later.
There’s been a lack of self love in me that I didn’t realise was missing. No, I haven’t been without my huge esteem or confidence at all, which I think is why it was disguised. Something else though. A piece of advice I’ve ended up spooning to quite a few people of late and now it’s time to give it back to myself. Validation. ‘You can’t rely on others to make you feel validated’ I keep telling people, because that’s what’s on my mind recently.
Spending more down time has helped. The gym and the writing. It’s made me feel happier being on my own. I neither need a crowd to get lost in nor stand out in.
Also I got a haircut I’m very happy with. And that’s April.


text:
Packable Backpack, 20L Water Resistant Travel Hiking Daypack for Men Women, Durable Foldable Lightweight Hiking Backpacks for Camping Hiking Running Cycling Climbing Outdoor, Black
- by entering your model number.
- Packable backpack is made of water resisatant and durable nylon fabric, padded shoulder straps and metal smooth zipper.
- FOLDABLE & LIGHTWEIGHT: The packable backpack is easy to fold into a small pouch, so you can put it in the suitcase as an extra bag at any time. It is only 12oz, when you don’t need to use it for a while, it doesn’t bother you and take up space. Sometimes to avoid overweight charges, you can unfold it quickly from your luggage and carry some baggage with you. Folding size: 9*7*2 inch; Expand size: 18*11*7 inch
- WATER RESISTANT & DURABLE: Made of water resistant material, the hiking daypack for men prevents stuffs from getting wet when it rain during camping, hiking, travel and other outdoor activities. The high quality tear resistant nylon fabric makes the backpack lighter and lasts longer
- LARGE CAPACITY & MULTI COMPARTMENTS: 20L storage space, keep your items organized. A large main compartment could pack lots of hiking gear such as rain jacket, sport chothes and picnic mat. Multi-function pockets make the packable backpack daypack easier to organize your cell phone, camera and other small necessities. 2 side elastic mesh pockets conveniently hold water bottles and umbrellas
- COMFORTABLE DESGIN: Wide mesh shoulder straps with sponge pad, help you relieve the stress from your shoulder and reduce sultry feeling. The travel hiking backpack will be a nice gift for men, women, friends, father, mother, brothers, sisters, students, etc
- VERSATILE & ACCESSIBLE: Having a volume of 20L and spacious compartments, this foldable packable backpack is perfect for day-to-day use or day trips, vacation, travel, day hikes,camping and daily life

domain: travel


text:
We were on the road, but we had to wait until 8pm for that to be a reality. In other words, we had tickets to Barcelona on the overnight, eight pm train. We had to pack up our place in Paris, leave our bags in a secure spot and then wander about under the Parisian skies for the day.
But there was rain.
Ah well. Woody Allen argued that Paris is more beautiful in the rain. Perhaps. If you have raincoats. And somewhere to go when you are too wet. So we waited for a bit in the shelter of a post office and then hopped between porticos to get to a cafe for hot chocolate and a roof.
And then the sun came out; suddenly. It was like the skies had never been grey or filled with water. There was some discussion about shoe shopping, but I put a stop to that. Its not fair really. There can be shopping elsewhere. So we decided to go to Montmatre for God, art and a deeply tourist experience. Off the Metro and up a little alleyway towards Sacre Coeur. This alleyway was filled with all kinds of tourist fun - the most puzzling was a series of blokes with three black discs, one of which had a white tag underneath (the same game as that with a one ball and three cups). What was amazing to me is that this game is impossible to win. We know that almost by instinct. And yet; there they were. A number of (often English speaking) tourists betting quite large amounts and looking surprised when they lost. And there were about four of these blokes cleaning up. But we went so smug. We got caught in a bracelet scam - more about that later.
We staggered up the apparently thousands of stairs and into the air that hangs above Paris. God it was beautiful. All around the church was a little christmas market (there is an epidemic of these things - they are in every town in Europe, but I'm addicted to them). We bought sausages and donuts and hot wine. Happy days. Then we wandered around Montmatre with all the crooked little houses and the painters and the cafes. It was all too quaint for words.
We watched a storm blow in across Paris and thought about shelter. Happily, there is Sacre Coeur at our back. In we went, and there were toured around. Niccolo bought a medallion.
Then we left Montmatre, but before we left the kids got hooked into some bracelets and Myles lost his temper about it.
Then there was some more walking - to the Hotel des Invalides and to the Grand Palais and the Petit Palais. We were shattered by this point - cold and tired and still with hours to blow before the train. It was time for more hot wine and so to another conveniently located christmas market.
Finally, with sore feet and headaches induced by the cold, we found ourselves at the station and our train trip to the sunny south. Our cabin was the size of a closet - this was an interesting challenge to our family relationship. Feet issues were the most critical thing - but then the train steward (is that what they would be called?) came in and set up our beds and more or less ordered us to sleep. We obeyed. And when we woke, we were in Barcelona. It is like the Magic Faraway Tree where the lands change at the top.

domain: geography


If you’re considering an upgrade to your furnace, an early choice in the process is to determine an efficiency rating. That first choice will have an effect on your up-front costs and what you pay for home heating as time goes on. With this handy guide, you’ll understand more about AFUE ratings and how they affect you.
AFUE stands for Annual Fuel Utilization Efficiency. It is a standard for measuring how efficiently a furnace or boiler changes fuel into heat for your home within a year. The higher the AFUE rating (on a scale of 0% to 100%), the more efficient the system is at converting fuel into usable heat.
AFUE ratings are measured by calculating the ratio of a furnace’s heat output to the fuel it utilizes in the process. This calculation takes into account the energy lost through exhaust gases, radiation and other variables that diminish efficiency. The result is expressed as a percentage, representing the share of fuel converted into heat.
Calculating a furnace’s AFUE rating includes conducting a standard test cycle to quantify the heat output and fuel consumption. This test cycle is intended to simulate normal heating conditions in the course of the year, including both in-season and out-of-season periods. The heating system is then run at full capacity for an extensive period to define its peak performance.
The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) has gradually increased HVAC efficiency ratings over the last several decades in order to increase energy efficiency and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. In 2023, the minimum rating for new gas furnaces changed to 81 AFUE. From 2015 to 2022, the South and Southwest regions had a minimum rating of 80 AFUE, and the North called for furnaces to be rated 90 AFUE or better. Better AFUE ratings lessen energy consumption, lowers power bills and curbs the environmental consequence of heating your home.
When researching for new furnaces, you may discover many models around 80 and 90 AFUE, with little in between. This is as a result of the technology required to exceed 80 AFUE causes a substantial leap in performance.
The 80 AFUE threshold has been the minimum expectation for gas furnaces in the United States since the 1990s. At this level, furnaces convert 80% of the fuel they consume into heat, with the remaining 20% lost to the atmosphere through the flue.
Gas furnaces must incorporate more innovative technology to achieve higher AFUE ratings, such as two-stage or modulating gas valves, variable-speed blowers and secondary heat exchangers. These solutions help the furnace pull heat from the fuel supply more effectively, raising efficiency from 80 to 90 AFUE or higher. Today’s most popular furnaces cap out at about 98.5 AFUE.
The total price of a furnace with a higher AFUE rating is usually higher than that of a lower AFUE-rated furnace. After all, more sophisticated technologies come at a higher price. The exact cost difference is based on the furnace manufacturer, size and efficiency rating.
When considering the purchase price of a more efficient furnace, don’t forget the ongoing energy savings that awaits you. The real chance to save money on fuel bills for the next decade or longer will allow you to recoup the extra up-front investment.
While a higher AFUE rating translates into more effective home heating and lower energy bills, we are not recommending that every homeowner should purchase a 95 AFUE furnace. Below are a few factors to consider when evaluating costs and efficiency ratings:
• Climate: The colder the weather, the more frequently your high-efficiency furnace operates, and thus, provides an earlier ROI. Therefore, higher AFUE ratings are most suitable in cold climates that demand more heating than cooling to keep a comfy indoor temperature.
• When do you plan to move?: If you imagine living in your home for some time, buying a high-efficiency furnace may be a smart investment given that it will pay for itself over time in energy savings. On the other hand, if relocating is in your plans within the next couple of years, the extra cost of a higher AFUE-rated furnace may not be worth it.
• Fuel costs: The impact of an efficient furnace is more noticeable when the price of fuel is higher. You’ll realize the savings each month when your furnace converts a higher percentage of fuel into usable heat for your home.
If you’re looking for the perfect furnace system for your needs and budget, select Service Experts Heating, Air Conditioning & Plumbing. We can help you figure out the up-front costs and long-term benefits of different AFUE ratings to guide your decision. We know you’ll love working with Service Experts so much so that we offer a 100% satisfaction guarantee! For more information or to schedule a no-cost furnace installation estimate, please get in touch with a Service Experts office near you.
Student loan debt in the United States has been a growing problem for a very long time. Today’s total student debt is more than $1.7 trillion, with the average college graduate owing $20,000 to $25,000. If you’re thinking about your educational journey or counseling someone who is, it’s... Continue reading
When you’re ready to replace your old furnace, don’t assume that a new furnace is the only option. This may be the default choice for most North American homeowners, but heat pumps are becoming increasingly popular. Still, the question remains: Is a heat pump the right fit for everyone?... Continue reading
By Brian Sodoma, for Service Experts With autumn on the horizon, homeowners will soon be planning for the winter months ahead. Cold weather puts new demands on your HVAC system. To prepare your furnace for the heavy work it will be doing, routine HVAC maintenance should be on your fall... Continue reading
© 2023 Service Experts, Service Experts Heating & Air Conditioning, and the Service Experts logo and design are registered trademarks of Service Experts LLC and used under license by SE Canada Inc. All Rights Reserved. *Not applicable to the Advantage Program. See your signed Advantage Program Agreement for full details and exclusions. 100% Satisfaction Guarantee is subject to certain restrictions and limitations as set forth in the applicable Terms and Conditions.


Boiler Service Southend-on-Sea
Boiler Service Southend-on-Sea Essex (SS0): If, like most people in Southend-on-Sea you have a gas or oil fired boiler that provides heat and hot water for yourself and your loved ones, you need to think about getting it serviced yearly. It is thought that about a third of property owners in the British Isles don't have their boiler serviced on an annual basis. Even if your boiler is covered by an outstanding warranty, that does not mean that you'll not have to service it, because the vast majority of boiler warranties will only be valid if your boiler has been regularly serviced.
In any case, you are going to want to get your central heating boiler serviced to keep it functioning efficiently, and not only because your are obliged to do this. A well maintained gas boiler is way less liable to malfunction, and you can anticipate that when serviced regularly, your boiler will work smoothly, safely and efficiently, giving you that further reassurance.
This doesn't just affect domestic home owners in Southend-on-Sea, seeing as landlords who are renting out their properties, also need to get their gas boilers serviced every year. And this is not so much a suggestion, as a legal stipulation, in relation to landlords in Southend-on-Sea, who have to get safety certificates for boilers in houses that they are renting out. This in particular applies to gas boilers which need an annual landlord safety certificate when located in a rented home. When it comes to oil fired central heating boilers, there is not at present any legally binding requirement to get a safety certificate (even in rented homes), although frequent servicing is suggested for safe and efficient functionality.
Prior to condensing boilers were invented, having gas boiler services done every year was not quite so vital. Those older gas boilers didn't have so many components and were much easier and less expensive to maintain. Modern condensing boilers and combi boilers have more component parts but are also much more efficient and need servicing with greater regularity.
Monthly or yearly care plans for boilers, like Homecare with British Gas for instance, are chosen by a lot of home owners in Southend-on-Sea. Together with additional products, a yearly boiler service will be an integral part of packages of this kind, and some individuals bank on them. With a baseline cost of approximately £14 per month (2020), and all-inclusive services coming in at £23.50 per month, these packages can be costly. For anyone that does not have a maintenance package, a regular boiler service in Southend-on-Sea performed by a qualified heating engineer should only cost around £65 to £75, a significant saving.
When 12 months have elapsed since you had your previous boiler service, you will want to contact a registered plumber or boiler service specialist in Southend-on-Sea, in order to schedule a visit. Seeing as there are quite a few plumbers in and around Southend-on-Sea who are not licensed to work on anything to do with gas, you will want to be watchful about exactly who you bring in. You have got to get in touch with someone who's Gas Safe certified if your appliance runs on gas as opposed to oil. You could stumble upon "odd job" type people who'll say that they can handle the job, but will not be adequately qualified - avoid using these people no matter what.
You will be able to discover Gas Safe plumbers by flicking through Thomson Local and the Yellow Pages, browsing the top 10 online business directories, perusing the local free Southend-on-Sea newspaper classifieds, looking for business cards and flyers on the window of your local newsagents, searching on the world wide web, or you can ask other tradespeople you know to suggest somebody.
It ought to be said that you can ask family or friends if they are able to suggest a heating engineer that they have used previously. And analyzing testimonials and reviews by past clients is always valuable when you're trying to find a plumber or any other form of tradesman in fact, and acquiring free quotations is an added reward for using what are normally called trade review portals, namely My Hammer, Local Heroes, My Builder, TrustaTrader, Rated People or Checkatrade.
Your local Southend-on-Sea heating engineer will complete ventilation tests, clean out or replace the central heating filter, undertake electrical connection and installation checks, thoroughly clean all the debris from the boiler, do carbon monoxide testing, carry out an efficiency test to make sure that your boiler is working effectively, do safety inspections of your appliance making recommendations for enhancements, test boiler controls to make sure that they are working correctly, verify the integrity of all seals and gaskets and run the boiler to assess flue effectiveness and functionality, when completing a boiler service.
Training Courses for Heating Engineers
For anybody wanting to learn boiler servicing there are several courses offered by Able Skills. Courses on offer include ACS Initial Assessment, ACS Reassessment, Boiler Fault Finding & Heating Controls Course, Qualified Plumber Gas Training Package 1-3 and New Entrant Gas Training Package 1,2 &3. A brilliant place to obtain advice if you are thinking about starting a career as a heating engineer is the National Careers website. By going there you will learn about the usual tasks of a heating engineer, apprenticeships for heating engineers, how you can become a heating and ventilation engineer and the skills required to become a heating and ventilation engineer, and get lots of other handy advice. (Tags: Heating Engineer Courses, Heating Engineer Apprenticeships, Gas Engineer Courses)
Kinds of Boiler
- Electric Boilers
- Solid Fuel Boilers
- Combi Boilers
- System Boilers
- Oil Boilers
- Energy-Efficient Condensing Boilers
- Gas Boilers
- Regular Boilers
Well Known Makes of Combi Boiler
- Worcester Bosch
Southend-on-Sea heating engineers can usually help you with oil-fired boiler servicing, central heating installation, central heating servicing, radiator bleeding, landlord boiler inspections in Southend-on-Sea, the installation of Vaillant boilers, combi boiler installation, boiler inspections in Southend-on-Sea, boiler installation quotes Southend-on-Sea, oil-fired boiler installations, boiler installations, boiler replacement, oil-fired boiler replacement in Southend-on-Sea, oil-fired boiler maintenance in Southend-on-Sea, annual boiler servicing, electric boiler repairs Southend-on-Sea, central heating repairs, the installation of Worcester Bosch boilers Southend-on-Sea, boiler breakdown services, boiler service quotes, oil-fired boiler repairs, combi boiler replacement, boiler replacement price quotes, affordable boiler servicing in Southend-on-Sea and other in Southend-on-Sea, .
Also: Rochford boiler servicing, Hadleigh boiler servicing, Great Wakering boiler servicing, North Shoebury boiler servicing, Shoeburyness boiler servicing, South Benfleet boiler servicing, Little Wakering boiler servicing, Thorpe Bay boiler servicing, Westcliff-on-Sea boiler servicing, Hawkwell boiler servicing, Eastwood boiler servicing, Barling boiler servicing, Daws Heath boiler servicing, Rayleigh boiler servicing, Leigh-on-Sea and more.
Places near Southend-on-Sea: Eastwood, Leigh-on-Sea, Hawkwell, Rayleigh, Great Wakering, Shoeburyness, Hadleigh, Westcliff-on-Sea, Barling, Little Wakering, Rochford, North Shoebury, Thorpe Bay, South Benfleet, Daws Heath.
More Maldon, Basildon, Clacton-on-Sea, South Ockendon, Rainham, Harwich, Waltham Abbey, Southend-on-Sea, Rayleigh, Billericay, Colchester, Witham, Rochford, Saffron Walden, Stanford-le-Hope, Wickford, South Woodham Ferrers, Canvey Island, Loughton, Brentwood, Harlow, Grays, Chelmsford and Braintree.:
Havant, Bodmin, Bishop Auckland, Buckingham, Leyland, Abingdon, Barry, Manchester, Dorchester, Ealing, Rainham, Bacup, Stanley, Crosby, Whittlesey, Chester, Sittingbourne, Chapeltown, Tonbridge, Princes Risborough, Cottingham, Exmouth, Cambridge, Coventry, Glenrothes, Sedgley, Spalding.in other areas:
Professional Boiler Service in SS0 area.
Boiler Replacement Southend-on-Sea - Boiler Services Southend-on-Sea - Boiler Service Southend-on-Sea - Boiler Repair Southend-on-Sea - Boiler Service Estimates Southend-on-Sea - SS0 - Heating Engineers Southend-on-Sea - Boiler Installations Southend-on-Sea - Landlord Services Southend-on-Sea


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Bolanle Ninalowo and his wife, Bunmi, are ending their marriage after 18 years, the Nollywood actor and filmmaker announced on Friday.
The 43-year-old father of two made the announcement in an emotional Instagram post, saying he was “heartbroken” and “shattered” that the couple had decided to “go our separate ways and [are] headed for an irreconcilable marriage dissolution”.
The couple celebrated their 18th wedding anniversary in November 2022.
Without revealing details about the reason for their split, the Far From Home star said, “May God help me and reward me with all i truly deserve or punish me for all i have done wrong if that be the case.
“In the end we will all live with the consequences of our actions.”

domain: entertainment


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Taxi cabs appear to be the new frontier for vending machines. New Orleans Carriage Cab passengers can now get more than a ride to their chosen destination– for an added $0.99 they can help themselves to a soft drink.
Now installed in more than 200 taxis, the vending machine available to Carriage Cab passengers sells five different non-alcoholic beverages for less than a dollar. All you need is a credit or debit card.
The taxi company’s owner cites New Orleans’ dedication to innovation and commitment to hospitality as the impetus behind the vending machine’s launch in the Big Easy.
Beverage options include Coke, Diet Coke, Dr. Pepper, Sprite, iced tea and orange Fanta. Each vending machine holds 36 drinks and aluminum cans are recycled weekly.
The owner of New Orelans Carriage Cab and Yellow-Checker Cab credits his son with the idea to offer passengers soft drinks in taxis.


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We are excited to announce that we will now be offering therapeutic yoga as a service to help improve how the body moves and feels!
Here’s a quick refresher on yoga! Yoga is a physical, mental and spiritual practice that originated in ancient India. In North America we mainly practice yoga to improve our bodies and minds. It involves a series of poses and deep breathing to promote endurance, flexibility, strength, balance and overall well-being. One of the main benefits of yoga is improved mobility in the body, and the alleviation of stiffness and tension.
In addition to being a fully licensed chiropractor, Dr. Elisa Petricca is also a certified Yoga Instructor. She truly believes that movement is medicine, and that yoga can help to facilitate healing. She is excited to bring in a therapeutic style of yoga to the practice to help support her patients. This may be helpful for patients recovering from injuries, can create active routines for people as a form of rehabilitation, as well as help in the prevention of future injuries.
Yoga therapy is specific to each patient, and as such, is only open to patients who have had an initial chiropractic examination at the clinic. Since yoga can be modified to accommodate for limitations, this therapy is suitable for people who are hesitant about beginning movement classes, as well as for all age groups.
See you soon!


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I'm sure you have heard that people who live together for a long time start to look or act alike! While our physical and political attributes are still quite different, my husband, the engineer, is starting (after many years) to really appreciate words!
"Interesting add to your blog," read yesterday's email. "At first, I wasn't quite sure why he was sending me a link for a poster of the word, scripturient selling for $160. I read the poster again and noticed the definition: processing a violent desire to write!
While I am pretty confident that my desire to write is not violent, I will admit this SOL thing has become a bit of a compulsion! I went looking for a a word that describes a compulsion to write for a community of writers that you will likely never meet. I think I found that word: blog.