Project 5: Web Server
Questions about the project? Send them to
Due: Friday 12/14 by whenever.
Please DO NOT leave your web servers running for very long. A web server such as this could be a security vulnerability, allowing remote entities to read your files and perhaps worse. Thus, only run your server when testing, and make sure to kill them when you are finished.
In this project, you'll be building a basic web server that can be accessed via a normal web browser. In doing so, you will use TCP-based sockets and in general understand a bit better how the web works. Your server will have a few twists, though, beyond a standard one; more information on that below.
The basics of what you will do are pretty simple. Your web server is executed with a single command line argument, the port number on which it accepts connections. Thus, to run your web server and listen on port 10000, the user would type:
prompt> webserver 10000
Web servers are conceptually very simple. Clients communicate with web servers via a protocol known as HTTP, or hypertext transfer protocol; a simple tutorial (which you should read) is available here . Read this first!
A typical web client makes a request by connecting to the web server via a TCP-based socket, sending plain text over a TCP that indicates the nature of the request, and then waiting for the requested file in response. There are numerous types of requests, but (for simplicity) we're only going to focus on one type: the GET request. Read about HTTP in more detail to learn about other request types.
The GET Request is in ASCII and looks something like this:
GET /file.html HTTP/1.0 (optional other header stuff)
This request is easy to understand: it means the client (usually a browser) is requesting the file file.txt located in the root directory of the web server (i.e., the directory that the web server is running in). Note some key aspects of the request: the name of the request type (GET in this case), the file name itself, starting with a slash, and then the protocol version (which will either be HTTP/1.0 or HTTP/1.1).
The server, upon receiving such a request, replies by writing back a header (describing the file's length and type) as well as the file itself.
A typical reply (assuming a short 65-byte HTML file) thus looks like this:
HTTP/1.0 200 OK Content-Length: 65 Content-Type: text/html
 This is a short HTML file.

There are a couple of key aspects of the request and reply that you must pay close attention to in order to build a working web server. The first is this: when the server receives a request on a new connection, it must not only read in the first line (which has the GET request details) but also all of the rest of the message, all the way until it sees an empty line.
The second is in the response: note the empty line between the header information (which includes the response, content length, and content type) and the actual contents of the file. This empty line is critical for the client to understand what you are sending back to it.
The third point is that at the end of each line of a message (e.g., after the HTTP/1.0 200 OK line of the response header), a full carriage-return and line feed (CRLF) is expected. In C, this is accomplished with the following combination of special characters \r\n .
Amazingly, this is about it for the basic description of what you have to build! But, there are a number of important details, which we now discuss.
TCP and Sockets
The server should start by reading in the port number from the command line, using the socket(), bind(), and listen() system calls to set up a connection on that port, and then enter a main loop. In that loop, the server should use the accept() call to accept incoming connections from clients.
Upon establishing a connection, the server should read from the connection descriptor (using the read() system call) until it sees the end of the HTTP request (i.e., until it sees an empty line with a CRLF ( \r\n ) on it). NOTE: This is important! If you only read in the first line and not the entire header, the communication won't work as expected. The first line of the request is all we're really going to pay attention to here, though, which should be of the form GET /path/to/file.html HTTP/1.0 following by a CRLF.
The server's job is then to parse the file name. In the example above ( /path/to/file.html ), the server should try to open the file path/to/file.html (thus stripping off the leading slash). It should then read that file into an in-memory buffer, in preparation for response to the request.
Finally, the server should send a reply by using the write() system call. The first part of the reply is the header which includes the protocol and response code, e.g., HTTP/1.0 200 OK . The 200 and OK parts are used by the client to know the request succeeded. The following two lines indicate the content length and type; the length is the length of the file, and the type (in this case) is text/html as this is an HTML file.
When the server has written the header (each line of which ends with a CRLF), followed by an empty line (with CRLF), and then the contents of the file, it should close the connection by calling close() on the socket connection.
At this point, the server should loop back up, waiting on the next connection to accept() , and thus continue operation indefinitely.
In addtion to HTML, your server should know that when it returns a file that ends in .gif or .jpg that it should indicate the file's type as image/gif or image/jpg , respectively. Any other file type should be returned as text/plain .
Your server should be able to handle a few error conditions as well. For example, if a protocol request is not a GET, a 501 error should be returned. If a file that isn't accessible is requested, the 403 file access forbidden error should be returned. If the file does not exist at all, 404 not found should be returned.
Replying to the client during such an erroneous request is simple: again, the server should reply with a header such as this:
HTTP/1.0 501 Not implemented Content-Type: text/html Content-Length: ...
The header should be followed by an empty line (with CRLF!) and then a short piece of generated HTML that describes the error in more detail, e.g.,
 <title>Error 501</title>
Error 501: Not implemented

The length field in the header should match the length of the generated HTML.
The exact errors are:
403 File access forbidden
Please match the error format as above to make grading possible.
There is one special case all web servers handle. Specifically, when the file / (just the slash) is requested, the server should instead try to return the file index.html .
Special Feature: Proxy
Once you get your basic web server working, congratulations! You are mostly done. However, there is one other neat feature your web server will employ. Specifically, you might receive a GET request in the following format:
GET /web/www.cs.wisc.edu/index.html HTTP/1.0
In this case, instead of trying to return the file web/www.cs.wisc.edu/index.html , your server should understand that this is actually a request which means the server should itself perform a web GET request for www.cs.wisc.edu/index.html and return its contents to the client. In this way, your web server can act as a sort of proxy to other web sites.
Specifically, when such a file is requested, your server should create a connection to the target server and fetch the desired file. It should then store it in a local file in a directory called cache . The first such downloaded file should be called 1.html, the second 2.html, etc.
Then, your server should reply to the client by making the proper header and writing the contents of this file back to the client.
Here is the important part: if the client requests this same file again, your server should notice this and serve the cached local file instead of going to the web again. In this way, your server can speed up web performance via caching!
One other note: when your server starts up, it should clear the cache directory of any existing files; this should simplify cache management.
This project can be done with a single partner. Copying code (from other groups) is considered cheating. Read this for more info on what is OK and what is not!
Handing It In
The handin directory is
Please include a makefile to build you web server.
Please also include a README file. In there, describe what you did a little bit.


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Find 3 listings related to Taxi Service in Williamsburg on YP.com. See reviews, photos, directions, phone numbers and more for the best Taxis in Williamsburg, ...
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domain: geography


BLACKHEARTH "The Wrath Of God" - Reviewed By Metal Crypt ! Check it out here at this link: http://www.metalcrypt.com/pages/review.php?revid=13375
I liked Blackhearth’s self-titled debut, so I was excited when album number two, The Wrath of God, popped up. Right off the bat, I’ll say that I’m not as enamored with this release as I was with the last one. It opens with the punchy metal I was expecting on the tracks "Betrayal" and "Into the Unknown," which rock hard in an Armored Saint kind of way. The vocals are strong, and the guitars fill the room with riffs. After that, The Wrath of God skews to a slower, plodding style that, while still heavy, strikes me as dull. It is like Black Sabbath’s Dehumanizer, an album long on heaviness but short on hooks. The title track features Tim "Ripper" Owens on guest vocals so the song, you guessed it, sounds like Iced Earth circa The Glorious Burden. I don’t dislike The Wrath of God and maybe this pseudo-doom direction will appeal to some, but I can take it or leave it. - Metal Crypt
Release Date: December 1st, 2021
FFO: Halford, Judas Priest, Iced Earth
Alex Hernández (Lead & Rhythm Guitar) and Asier Larrea (Drums) have remained Blackhearth's primary driving force throughout the years. At the beginning of 2017 they focused their minds on recording an album. Their debut album ' Blackhearth ' was released thru with Sliptrick Records in August 2019.
“The Wrath Of God” will be released on December 1st 2021.
Blackhearth reveals the details of its second album entitled “ The Wrath Of God ”, the album! Contains 10 songs recorded at Chromaticity Studios and produced by Pedro J. Monge ( Vhäldemar ). Here, you can listen to the second single of the album “ The Wrath Of God ”, featured guest vocalist Tim Owens ( Judas Priest, Iced Earth, Beyond Fear, Yngwie Malmsteen ...).
Check out the video!
THE WRATH OF GOD
01 - Betrayal
02 - Into The Unknown
03 - My Bornless Child
04 - Rotten To The Core
05 - Nothing But Dust
06 - This World
07 - The Wrath Of God (Feat.Tim Owens)
08 - True Belief
09 - Reaching The Shore
10 - Banished Forever
Follow the band at these links:


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# 24 - The Other Boleyn Girl by Philippa Gregory
I couldn't put this book down! Yes, I read all 600+ pages in one day......
"The Other Boleyn Girl'' is a tale of Tudor England, and the experiences in the Court of King Henry VIII, told from the point of view of Mary Boleyn. Mary is the younger sister of Anne Boleyn.
The story starts when Mary is 13 years old, and her sister Anne returns from being at Court in France. Both girls serve Queen Katherine, Henry's Spanish wife.
The girls are pawns for their family. Their father and uncle use them to gain favor with the King. Mary has two bastard children with the King, before he sets his sights on Anne. We all know the basic story....Henry put aside his wife Katherine because he had no sons. Anne couldn't provide him a son either. So, she was rather rudely separated from her head.
This book fills in the rest of the story. The story ends rather happily for Mary......and completely miserably for Anne. And the tension, drama and plotting are better than any modern day soap opera.
I thoroughly enjoyed this story. There were some inacuracies....but it's historial fiction. I don't expect it to be a history book popping to life. It gave me some insight into what it was like at Court. Constant jockeying for position. Lying. Cheating. Plotting. Killing. All to gain favor with the King. Family position, entitlements and wealth is everything. And the women are pawns, governed totally by their families.
If you're interested in court intrigue, then this book is a must read. :)
50 Book Challenge 2007: 4/50

domain: library


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domain: medical


Union Home Minister Amit Shah on Tuesday said the Citizenship Amendment Act will not be withdrawn, amid ongoing protests against the legislation. Addressing a rally in Lucknow, as part of the government’s outreach programme on the amended citizenship law, Shah said, “Let me say this here and now, this law will not be withdrawn, no matter who protests.”
Shah challenged Opposition leaders Rahul Gandhi, Mamata Banerjee, Akhilesh Yadav and Mayawati for a discussion on Citizenship Amendment Act in public forum, PTI reported.
He said the Opposition “can’t see the reality because their eyes are covered with the mask of vote bank politics”. Shah claimed there was no provision in the law to take away anyone’s citizenship and attacked Opposition for spreading “lies” about the Act.
“At the time of Partition, Hindus, Sikhs, Buddhists and Jains constituted 30% of the population in [present-day] Bangladesh and 23% in Pakistan,” the Bharatiya Janata Party leader said, according to The Indian Express. “But today, it’s just 7% and 3%, respectively. Where have these people gone? Those who are protesting against Citizenship Act, I want to ask them this.”
The Citizenship Amendment Act, approved by Parliament on December 11 and notified on January 10, provides citizenship to refugees from six minority religious communities from Bangladesh, Afghanistan and Pakistan, provided they have lived in India for six years and entered the country by December 31, 2014. The Act has been widely criticised for excluding Muslims, leading to protests against it.


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Explore the highlights of Sioux Narrows, Canada, at your own speed by grabbing a rental car through CarRentals.com.
Touching down at Kenora Airport? If you'd like to get on the road as soon as possible, you're in luck! The perfect vehicle is standing by at Enterprise Kenora - Kenora Airport, just a short walk from the gates.
You can enjoy a change of scenery when you stop at Rainy River. At 50 miles from Sioux Narrows, it's an ideal day trip destination. Make sure you swing by Timber Mill Community Park and the Lake of the Woods County Museum, two of the most talked about sights here. Baudette City Hall should also be added to your travel itinerary.
A sunny day marks the moment to escape from the city and wander around the rivers of Northwestern Ontario.
Setting off on a road trip is a meaningful way to see the region. We suggest going to Badger, 95 miles away. Another popular place, Hudson is located 100 miles out of the city.
Your car reservation is just a couple of clicks away, so grab a map and start organizing your dream vacation today!

domain: travel


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By demonstrating that not all plants specialize in one specific source of nitrogen, the result turns a commonly held theory on its head. It also provides a dose of optimism that tropical forests will be able to withstand environmental shifts in nutritional cycles brought on by global climate change.
Nitrogen is an essential nutrient that plants must absorb from the soil to survive. Most land plants outside the tropics appear to have evolved to rely on just one of three common sources of nitrogen: nitrate (NO3-), ammonium (NH4+), or dissolved organic nitrogen (DON). As a result of this limitation, they usually inhabit "niches" defined largely by the available nitrogen source. When that source crashes for any reason—often because of shifts in climate—the plants cannot adapt, with potentially disastrous consequences for natural ecosystems.
However, tropical species appear to be far more adaptable than their temperate kin when it comes to their nitrogen needs. A team of researchers* has found that, when confronted with shifts in nitrogen availability, these plants simply "flip a switch" and use whatever is handy.
"When it comes to nitrogen, the tropical plants we studied behave like kids at a pizza party—they may prefer pepperoni, but if only plain cheese is available, they'll still have a slice," said lead author and postdoctoral researcher Benjamin Houlton of the Carnegie Institution's Department of Global Ecology. "This result gives a glimmer of hope that tropical ecosystems may have the capacity to adjust to certain aspects of climate change."
Working in six well-known sites with variable rainfall on Hawaii's Maui Island, the researchers measured the soil content of nitrate, ammonia, and dissolved organic nitrogen. They also determined each source's relative contribution to the growth of a variety of plant species, from small floor-dwelling shrubs, to tree ferns, to tall canopy trees.
In dry areas, nitrate was most readily available, while in wetter areas, ammonium was the dominant source. The plants made use of whichever of these two sources was most common in their native soil. Dissolved organic nitrogen was plentiful, but did not make a significant contribution to plant growth at any of the sites.
To examine the plants' nutritional response to climate change, the researchers combined new measures and models of variations in the atomic masses of nitrogen compounds that occur naturally in plants and soils. By examining these different masses, known as isotopic ratios, across different rainfall climates, they discovered an abrupt shift in the nitrogen cycle and in the nutritional strategies of entire forest communities.
"It really is quite striking; once the soil gets wet and nitrate drops below a certain threshold, the tropical plants all begin using ammonium in near-perfect unison," Houlton explains. "If these diverse plant species can be flexible in their nitrogen metabolism—thought to be non-negotiable in many temperate ecosystems—then maybe they can react to other environmental stresses just as gracefully. Still, our results will need further testing in vast areas of the tropics before we will know how well they truly represent the entire ecosystem."
When corals eat plastics
24.05.2018 | Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen
Dispersal of Fish Eggs by Water Birds – Just a Myth?
19.02.2018 | Universität Basel
The more electronics steer, accelerate and brake cars, the more important it is to protect them against cyber-attacks. That is why 15 partners from industry and academia will work together over the next three years on new approaches to IT security in self-driving cars. The joint project goes by the name Security For Connected, Autonomous Cars (SecForCARs) and has funding of €7.2 million from the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research. Infineon is leading the project.
Vehicles already offer diverse communication interfaces and more and more automated functions, such as distance and lane-keeping assist systems. At the same...
A research team led by physicists at the Technical University of Munich (TUM) has developed molecular nanoswitches that can be toggled between two structurally different states using an applied voltage. They can serve as the basis for a pioneering class of devices that could replace silicon-based components with organic molecules.
The development of new electronic technologies drives the incessant reduction of functional component sizes. In the context of an international collaborative...
At the LASYS 2018, from June 5th to 7th, the Laser Zentrum Hannover e.V. (LZH) will be showcasing processes for the laser material processing of tomorrow in hall 4 at stand 4E75. With blown bomb shells the LZH will present first results of a research project on civil security.
At this year's LASYS, the LZH will exhibit light-based processes such as cutting, welding, ablation and structuring as well as additive manufacturing for...
There are videos on the internet that can make one marvel at technology. For example, a smartphone is casually bent around the arm or a thin-film display is rolled in all directions and with almost every diameter. From the user's point of view, this looks fantastic. From a professional point of view, however, the question arises: Is that already possible?
At Display Week 2018, scientists from the Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Polymer Research IAP will be demonstrating today’s technological possibilities and...
So-called quantum many-body scars allow quantum systems to stay out of equilibrium much longer, explaining experiment | Study published in Nature Physics
Recently, researchers from Harvard and MIT succeeded in trapping a record 53 atoms and individually controlling their quantum state, realizing what is called a...
25.05.2018 | Event News
02.05.2018 | Event News
13.04.2018 | Event News
25.05.2018 | Event News
25.05.2018 | Machine Engineering
25.05.2018 | Life Sciences

domain: biology


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Revelations of tax-dodging, money laundering, conflicts of interest and outright bribery have roiled business, sports and politics in the past few years, as key players’ ties to undisclosed foreign financial interests have been exposed.
Differences in national laws governing privately held companies can make it legal, if not always ethical, to keep secret company ownership. These same legal differences also can make hiding illegal or unethical deals easier.
That’s what led TRACE International CEO Alexandra Wrage to develop TRACEpublic, the first global register of beneficial ownership.
TRACEpublic enables anyone to search online, free of charge, to identify ownership of companies that agree to include that information in the TRACEpublic database.
“There’s a very strong sense that companies can collectively raise the standard,” Wrage said.
More than 300 companies use TRACE International, a non-profit membership association, for multilingual anti-bribery training, support, referrals and other shared resources. Many also use TRACE Inc., for customized due diligence research, advice and services.
They were the springboard Wrage and her TRACE team tapped to invite already-vetted third party intermediaries, venture partners, suppliers and distributors to voluntarily include their ownership information on the free searchable TRACEpublic database.
TRACE has also invited companies not familiar with the association to share their ownership information on TRACEpublic without paying a fee or buying any TRACE products.
Sharing ownership information on TRACEpublic shows a company’s commitment to transparency and ethical business practices and helps shift norms toward disclosure until disclosure becomes a requirement, Wrage said.
“We will continue to build the TRACEpublic database by encouraging companies worldwide to voluntarily disclose,” she said.

domain: news


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A good pair of sunglasses are indispensable when you’re outdoors. When you’re hiking or running in the sun the benefits are obvious. But a good pair of glasses can also prove useful when it’s grey and even when it’s raining. If you’re running or riding a mountain bike they provide essential protection from dirt, mud and other debris.
Of course, the nature of the day or your activity can require a particular kind of lens (mountain biking in the rain you probably want clear lenses for example) so you need a pair of sunglasses that can not only protect you, but that come with a range of lenses designed for a variety of purposes. You also need the frame and fit to be comfortable, because if you’re going to be wearing something on your face all day then even the slightest little annoyance might eventually drive you mad.
The Pivlock Overdrive from Smith Optics ticks all the boxes on this one. They’re one of the best pairs of sporting sunglasses on offer right now. If you’ve not come across Smith before, they manufacture a wide variety of glasses and goggles across the sporting spectrum - from ski goggles to fashionable shades for wearing round town.
“These sunglasses come with a patent-pending interchangeable lens system."
These sunglasses come with a patent-pending interchangeable lens system. You get two sets of performance proven optics included in every case, including Ignitor lenses for when it's a little bit more cloudy and Carbonic lenses for the sunshine featuring the TLT (Tapered Lens Technology) found in every pair of Smith Optics glasses.
The frame of the Pivlock Overdrive comes apart in quite a mechanical but simple manner to allow you to install your frame of choice depending on what kind of day you’re facing.
The lenses are some of the clearest you'll ever see through. When the water comes down it beads and gets off the lense quickly without leaving tracks thanks to the Hydroleophobic lens coating, and dirt marks or smudges from everyday wear are easily wiped off - something any regular wearer of glasses will tell you is not to be taken for granted.
A two-position adjustable nose pad and a frame ergonomically designed to fit with bike helmets and running hats keeps things comfortable and adds the cherry to the top of one of the best pairs of athletic sunglasses on the market right now.
Smith Optics Pivlock Overdrive Sunglasses
- Price £150
- Weight 30g

domain: hobby


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Someone once asked, ‘If you could take it all back, would you?’
At the time I didn’t know. Now I do. I wouldn’t take that terrible experience back for anything in the world. Too much light has come out of my darkness.
Susannah Cahalan, Brain on Fire: My Month of Madness

domain: artistic


One day, when I was 15 or 16, I was making my way through the crowded halls of my high school as I did most days, wondering for nowhere near the first time in my life how it could possibly be that I felt so isolated and cut off from most of my peers. Even ones I considered friends, or generally got along well with.
There was some quality of their relationships with each other that just wasn’t there when it came to me. Everybody seemed to know things I didn’t, all the time.
And finally, that day, I thought, “It’s almost as if I’m blind and deaf.” Not in the literal sense of not being able to see or hear, but in that it seemed like something important was being communicated in some way, on some kind of channel or frequency, that I didn’t have access to.
Well-meaning people would probably have tried to reassure me that no, of course that’s not what’s happening, everybody likes you, what are you talking about?
But by that point I was pretty sure I was picking up on something real, and that even if people weren’t deliberately trying to exclude me, they were communicating in ways that I had no idea how to perceive or interpret.
These days I’m told very frequently that I need to realize that “Some autistic people just can’t communicate.” But the thing is, I don’t believe we—me or anyone else or we collectively as the autism community—need to accept that at all.
In fact, I believe we are morally obligated not to accept that. And not only does personal experience tell me that just because a form of communication isn’t easy to see or hear doesn’t mean it’s not happening, I believe that even a cursory look at the diversity of communication and language as we know it exists in the world right now should make us highly skeptical of insistence that we uncritically accept that. Rather, it should humble us at the possibilities of what we don’t yet know how to see or hear, when it comes to people whose communication we don’t easily perceive or understand.
Human clinicians and researchers have developed systems to allow dogs to express themselves in English to us, and to allow horses to answer fairly sophisticated questions about their preferences using symbols. Researchers have decoded enough prairie dog language to know that they can communicate about abstract qualities like shape and color and distinguish individuals of the same species from each other. We know that whales have different dialects depending on where in he world they’ve lived and traveled. We can read honeybee dances. We know that crows can identify and remember individual humans, and convey information about dangerous humans to their flocks.
We even know now that trees and plants, even of different species, communicate with each other about danger and stress through chemical signals along fungal networks.
To make the movie Arrival (which I really highly recommend if you haven’t seen it), multiple artists, designers, and linguists collaborated to imagine how we might learn to communicate with alien visitors in a language that works profoundly differently from any language known on earth through the application of math and linguistics.
We sent the Voyager craft’s golden record out into the universe in the wild hope of making ourselves understood to another civilization that probably doesn’t communicate anything like us at all, encoded with instructions on how to read it and tell how much time has passed since its launch.
We have conducted extensive, interdisciplinary study on how best to communicate about the danger of radioactive waste to humans 10,000 years in the future, when modern English will likely be at least as incomprehensible to them as proto-Indo-European would be to most of us. And linguists have reconstructed the proto-Indo-European language itself not from any preserved written evidence but from artifacts of its grammar and pronunciation distributed throughout dozens of its descendent languages.
There is even preliminary evidence that some patients in comas, with locked-in syndrome, or previously believed to be in vegetative states, may be allowed to communicate via fMRIs.
And none of that was easy or magical. Humans don’t just come naturally wired for comprehension of the sounds with which crows and prairie dogs communicate to each other. It took years and years of observation and research and good experimental design and people committed to setting aside their assumptions and prejudices about what kinds of thought and expression nonspeaking and non-human creatures could be capable of.
Indeed, just this week, the release of an innovative research study on nonspeaking autistic people who use a letter board to communicate, has provided support to the position that those nonspeaking people are communicating their own thoughts, and not being directed by their assistants.
So the thing is that, knowing what I do about the diversity of non-speech communication that exists here on earth, and about the innovation we have already shown in enabling communication by unconventional means, no, I cannot sit here and accept without serious question the presumption that “Some autistic people just can’t communicate at all.”
And often when I ask whether a child has had an AAC evaluation, or whether they’ve had access to a keyboard or letter board or ASL, some understandably frustrated parents will say “No, you don’t understand, we tried all of that and he can’t use it” but I’m really asking people to look even more deeply and broadly than that. Not only because it may truly be the case that some autistic people will never be able to use a device or master a sign language, but because some of the communication I’m talking about might not be the kind that can be readily translated by a machine or into conventional language.
Autistic people find ourselves reminded often that an estimated 80% or so of human communication is non-verbal, and that’s why we have so much trouble understanding neurotypical communication if we’re trying to rely on what people say out loud. As I intuited when I was a teenager, the “out loud” is only a fraction of the communication occurring, like visible light in the electromagnetic spectrum.
But somehow we’re not supposed to believe the same thing about autistic people—that there may be huge swaths of someone’s expressive communication that isn’t literal spoken or written language. When it comes to nonspeaking or nonverbal autistic people, suddenly we’re supposed to believe that the impairment or absence of that verbal 20% means that the other 80% isn’t there at all. And that’s an assertion for which we don’t have an evidence base that makes me confident in our ability to write off the possibility of improved communication with some of the most vulnerable autistic people among us, in good conscience.
What I am not saying is that with the right technology, every nonspeaking autistic person would be able to communicate articulately or even conventionally in verbal language. What I am saying is that we can and must do better than we have been for people with the least well-understood needs for communication support. For some autistic people, that may mean giving someone the means to access more or less conventional verbal language. For some, it may mean that we need to vastly broaden our own range of perception for what the expressive medium of their communication may be.
When we fail to consider that someone’s communication—whether nonspeaking or not—may simply be completely opaque to us, particularly in light of research showing that autistic people’s neurologies may all be utterly unique, not only between autistic and non-autistic people’s on average, but completely distinct even from each other’s, then “Some autistic people can’t communicate at all” isn’t something we have the basis to know.
When we are far more willing to believe in the capacity for communication of animals and aliens than we are in that of nonspeaking and intellectually disabled autistic people, and extend our research and creativity towards mutual understanding, no, I have to reject the assertion that “Some autistic people just can’t communicate,” or at least regard it with the utmost skepticism. I believe that to be a failure of imagination, ethics, and research priorities on our part, not a fact.


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Last year I wanted to set myself the goal of getting outside each day, no matter what. I even bought a pair of snow pants so that I could keep up with it even on the coldest days. This never really moved from idea to project but the idea never left me.
Recently I listened to my first audio book, Brené Brown’s Braving the Wilderness and I loved it. (I mean loved it.) It occurred to me that as a book lover who never has time to read and a work-from-home entrepreneur that doesn’t get out enough, that these were the ingredients of a magical pairing!
What if I went out on daily walks and listened to books?
I thought I would try it out. I checked with my sister Shannon, expert in all things entertainment related, and asked about borrowing audio books from the library. She pointed me to the Overdrive app and I was on my way. As I went down the glorious rabbit hole of library audio books, I stumbled across one by Keri Smith. I love Keri so I decided that would be my first book for my first walk. You’re not going to believe what it was called…
I didn’t even draw a correlation until I was out walking this morning, listening to Keri talking about “wandering”. As I listened, first my eyes tingled with tears and then they shone with recognition. I have unknowingly been a part of this society since I was a girl on a bike riding to the far reaches of her neighbourhood trying to get lost so she could find her way home.
There will be more to say about this book and its impact but for today, suffice it to say that the synchronicity suggests that the Universe likes my plan to go for walks and listen to myself and the writers, thinkers, artists, healers and poets who will accompany me.


text:
Øster Farimagsgade 2A
1350 København K
- Psychoanalysis: technique and theory.
- Conceptual research in psychoanalysis
- Applied Analysis in Literature and art.
Research group memberships
- Department of Psychology: Center of Psychoanalysis.
- Department of Psychology. Sexuality, Gender and language.
- The International Psychoanalytic Association: Psychoanalytic Dictionary/Encyclopedia.
- Fondation Laplanche
Research: brief description
Judy Gammelgaard is Dr. Phil., Associate professor, psychoanalyst at the Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen. Her research encompasses clinical psychology and personality psychology with special focus on psychoanalysis, e.g. its theory and methods especially the case-method and the applied method, i.e. the use of psychoanalysis in literature, culture and art. She has developed a theoretical approach to borderline personality disorder, has contributed to conceptual research on the concepts of catharsis, empathy, psychical reality, borderline and the unconscious. In the area of applied analysis she has worked with the poetry of Marcel Proust, James Joyce, Henrik Pontoppidan. In the cinematic field she has explored especially the films of Lars von Trier.
Judy Gammelgaard´s research is currently linked to an international research group appointed by The International Psychoanalytic Association. The aim of this large international group is to prepare a psychoanalytic dictionary/encyclopedia which will define the most important psychoanalytic concepts and at the same time demonstrate the subtle differences that exist among psychoanalytic schools. Further it is the aim of this project also to shed light on the differences in defining these concepts which exist between the three regions chosen, Europe, North America and South America.
Being member of Fondation Laplanche, Judy Gammelgaard takes part in an international group working with the theory developed by the French psychoanalyst Jean Laplanche. She is also member of a newly established Scandinavian group linked to the international group. She has just finished a work on the non-symbolic level of psychical reality illustrated by the theory of Freud, Laplanche and Lacan.
Judy Gammelgaard has recently been appointed by the European Psychoanalytic Foundation to be the leader of an international group working with psychoanalysis and literature based on the EPF quarter in Brussels.
Current research projects
- A psychoanalytic theory of the non-symbolic level of psychical reality.
- The International Dictionary/Encyclopedia of psychoanalysis.
- Unconscious Phantasies in collaboration with Sølvi Kristiansen Norway.
- Bachelor´s theses
- Master´s theses
- Clinical Psychology
- Personality Psychology
- The case-method

domain: psychology


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Its been a while since Ive posted any journal here (in terms of updates xD)!
Well anywho...I have a new store selling Artist Trading cards and some charms at Storenvy!
Commissions are available! Email me at email@example.com with the Subject “Holiday Commissions” for more info!
My store contains one-of-a-kind artist sketchcards and charms that are drawn by me! I also take personalized commissions! Anything from full size commissions (11x17 & 9x12), to Sketchcards (2.5x 3.5), and charms! If interested contact me though my shop, send a note here, or email me at firstname.lastname@example.org!
Right now, these items are on sale:
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Pick them up now before they are gone!


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I have switched everything, motherboard, processor, strip that has the power button....everything. Took the hard drive out and it worked in a reader on another computer, tried the ram from a different computer still nothing. I don't know what the problem could be. any ideas would be great i can't afford to buy anothe rone.


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When Sherry B. Ortner was a bookish, secretly rebellious student in high school in Newark in the 1950's, she says, ''I didn't even know what anthropology was.
''I thought it was about insects. But I looked at a description in the Bryn Mawr catalog as a senior, and it sounded really interesting.''
From that unlikely beginning, Ms. Ortner has become, in the words of The Chronicle of Higher Education, ''one of the most prominent anthropologists of her generation.'' For 30 years she has studied gender and social and cultural theory, helping invent the field of feminist anthropology, winning a MacArthur ''genius award'' and traveling to the Himalayas to produce major works on Nepal's Sherpa culture and Mount Everest.
And now, after much journeying, Ms. Ortner, 61, has returned professionally to the place she once dreamed of leaving to explore the world: her alma mater, Weequahic High School. In her new book, ''New Jersey Dreaming: Capital, Culture and the Class of '58'' (Duke University Press), being published next month, Ms. Ortner dissects the familiar contours of her graduating class.
She said she wanted to explore how her classmates were formed by the world of the 50's, with its rigid demarcations of class, gender and race, as well as how they ''moved through history and made something else out of it,'' whether by burning their bras or marching for civil rights.
A short woman with short, blond hair, and a straight-forward manner, Ms. Ortner speaks with an unaffected New Jersey twang. Last month she was named chairwoman of Columbia University's anthropology department, where she has a spare office in a dreary corner of a scruffy building. She is married to a Columbia colleague, Timothy D. Taylor, a music professor, and has a 23-year-old daughter.
The idea for ''New Jersey Dreaming'' came to her after she was invited to her 30th-anniversary high school reunion. She had long been fascinated by the way class shapes people's lives, but did not know how or where to examine that idea. She decided to use her own high school class. Her classmates had managed largely to shuck their working- and middle-class origins to become part of the ''white overclass,'' as she says in the book: doctors, lawyers, college professors.
That class of 304 students was 83 percent Jewish, with some black and gentile white students. She got information from about 250 of them for the book and conducted interviews with more than 100. Her own family was pretty typical, middle class and Jewish, she says, her father the owner of a small packaging business, her mother a homemaker. Ms. Ortner recalled not being quite a nerd but more smart than popular, the editor of the yearbook, not a cheerleader. Her big rebellion was secretly dating non-Jewish guys.
Weequahic (pronounced wee-QUAY-ic) High was considered top-notch. This neighborhood in the southwest corner of Newark was an American dream for the up-and-coming. Philip Roth graduated from Weequahic High, one of the city's five public schools. Allen Ginsberg grew up in the neighborhood. Now the whole area is predominantly black and economically struggling.
''I thought it was going to be extremely fraught, going back and talking to people,'' Ms. Ortner said. ''I think I was kind of a snob. When I left high school I thought I was perhaps the only woman who made something of herself. When I left, I was really glad to get out.''
Correction: August 21, 2003, Thursday An article in Arts & Ideas on Saturday about Sherry B. Ortner, an anthropologist who has written a book about her high school class, the class of 1958 at Weequahic in Newark, omitted a word in describing the school system at the time. There were five public high schools, not five public schools.


The pandemic has overwhelmed us all; we talk, think, dream of little else.
But let me try and grab your attention for a few moments and point you in a different direction. How many of you noticed a rather disturbing New York Times story from Mark Mazzetti and Eric Schmitt last week that was headlined, “Pentagon Order to Plan for Escalation in Iraq Meets Warning From Top Commander”? You didn’t? Well, in the midst of all the virus-related doom and gloom, it managed to send new shivers down my spine.
From the Times:
The Pentagon has ordered military commanders to plan for an escalation of American combat in Iraq, issuing a directive last week to prepare a campaign to destroy an Iranian-backed militia group that has threatened more attacks against American troops.
But the United States’ top commander in Iraq has warned that such a campaign could be bloody and counterproductive and risks war with Iran. In a blunt memo last week, the commander, Lt. Gen. Robert P. White, wrote that a new military campaign would also require thousands more American troops be sent to Iraq and divert resources from what has been the primary American military mission there: training Iraqi troops to combat the Islamic State.
Got that? A new military escalation in Iraq by the U.S. government “risks war with Iran.” That’s the “blunt” view of … the top U.S. general on the ground.
A conflict with Iran, as I have repeatedly pointed out, would be a strategic and humanitarian disaster. The United States would end up killing thousands of innocent Iranians; Tehran would lash out via proxy groups across the region, as well as the wider world; U.S. troops in Iraq would have a target on their backs; oil and gas prices would skyrocket. To quote the former head of U.S. Central Command, Gen. Anthony Zinni, “Like I tell my friends, if you like Iraq and Afghanistan, you’ll love Iran.”
Question: What kind of maniac risks such a war in the middle of a global pandemic?
Answer: President Donald Trump, aided and abetted by Secretary of State Mike Pompeo and national security adviser Robert O’Brien. As the Times notes, they “have been pushing for aggressive new action against Iran and its proxy forces — and see an opportunity to try to destroy Iranian-backed militia groups in Iraq as leaders in Iran are distracted by the pandemic crisis in their country.
To be clear: An Iranian dies from Covid-19 every 10 minutes, while 50 people become infected in the Islamic Republic every single hour. The death toll is fast approaching 3,000. Yet for Trump and his top aides, this is an “opportunity” to push their hawkish, nay ghoulish, agenda.
As is so often the case, though, the U.S. military leadership is less keen on a new Middle East conflagration than the U.S. civilian leadership. “Military leaders, including Defense Secretary Mark T. Esper and Gen. Mark A. Milley, the chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, have been wary of a sharp military escalation,” reports the Times, “warning it could further destabilize the Middle East at a time when President Trump has said he hopes to reduce the number of American troops in the region.”
Remember the U.S. assassination of Iranian general and spymaster Qassim Suleimani on January 3? It feels like a lifetime ago. The Trump administration claimed at the time that the killing of Suleimani was “aimed at deterring future Iranian retaliation plans.”
How did that work out? On Saturday, the Washington Post reported that “Iran-backed militias are becoming more audacious in attacking U.S. personnel in Iraq, with rocket strikes against military bases occurring more frequently and, for the first time, in broad daylight.”
So by the administration’s own metrics, as Matt Duss, foreign policy adviser to Sen. Bernie Sanders, tweeted, the assassination of Suleimani “failed to achieve its goal. But according to the unfalsifiable logic of ‘maximum pressure’ the only answer is always… more pressure, more escalation.”
Right. By the administration's *own stated metrics* the (illegal) Soleimani assassination failed to achieve its goal. But according to the unfalsifiable logic of "maximum pressure" the only answer is always… more pressure, more escalation. https://t.co/SNnAq9Rcnx
— Matt Duss (@mattduss) March 28, 2020
More pressure. More escalation. This is precisely what Lt. Gen. Robert P. White seems to have been trying to warn against. Will anyone, though, heed his warning? Will Democrats in Congress be willing or able to call for hearings on the administration’s reckless and dangerous Iran policy, in the midst of our current coronavirus crisis? Trump and his underlings don’t seem to care about the domestic implications of starting a new foreign war. This is an administration that publicly announces a fresh round of punitive sanctions on Iran’s battered economy, while privately urging U.S. military commanders to escalate a conflict with the Iranians on Iraqi soil.
Less than two weeks ago, in a piece about the cruelty and callousness of maintaining sanctions on Iran while a pandemic rages across that country, I described the people in charge of the U.S. government as “sociopaths.” Now we discover, courtesy of an internal memo written by a U.S. general and leaked to the New York Times, that strangling the Iranian economy isn’t enough for Trump and Co. They are bent on using the spread of a deadly disease as cover for a new war.
Perhaps “sociopaths” was an understatement.


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text:
The Notorious B.I.G.: --- Intro: The Notorious B.I.G. --- Fuck all you hoes! Get a grip, motherfucker! Yeah, this album is ...
All lyrics are property and copyright of their owners. All lyrics provided for educational purposes and personal use only. © 2017 LyricsForMe.Com


The end of the year is approaching and we at The Chicago Community Trust are committed to making your year-end giving and grant making from your donor advised fund as simple and easy as possible. Please review our deadlines to ensure that all your gifts and grants intended for 2023 are completed. Click here for details.
When I was a kid, my parents made it a priority to expose my brother and me to as much of our cultural heritage as possible. Our family vacations often revolved around visiting places like Alcatraz, mining towns in Nevada, meteor impact sites in Arizona, churches in Mexico, and pyramids in Guatemala. Every trip had its own history that made me interested in learning everything about it beforehand. I was in awe of the construction of each place – from giant stones that made monoliths to centuries-old wood that helped build a town. I was my family’s resident tour guide.
As I got older, my curiosity evolved to look past the physical and notice the people who called these places home. These residents often had family histories stretching back to when these sites were built. My realization was that the people who inhabited these places, both past and present, contributed to their rich history and built the community we see today.
I am not originally from Chicago, but through my time here, I have similarly recognized how important people are to the city’s identity. Families on the South Side have lineages going back to the Great Migration and were a major part of the development of notable enclaves and communities. What I have come to learn is that residents and communities have a reciprocal relationship — strengthening one strengthens the other.
The Trust’s Catalyzing Neighborhood Investment (CNI) strategy addresses this exact thing: strengthening communities and people by creating an environment where investment can take root in historically underserved Black and Latinx communities. We do this by investing both in the physical environment and building the capacity in the neighborhoods to spur development. Neighborhood development projects need the knowledge and expertise of local stakeholders to create thriving communities. New development helps to create new businesses, bring jobs to the area, introduce new services, and make life better for residents.
One of the ways CNI accomplishes this is through general operating grant support from our Flexible Funding program. The grants provide community-based organizations support for their ongoing operations around promoting investment in their neighborhoods. The funding is based on how well the organization can address our three “north stars”:
Is work being performed to change land use or the built environment?
Are proposed projects having a direct impact on local economic growth?
Are these projects working to address issues around a distinct place or corridor?
In August of this year, the program made its fourth round of grant making to 15 neighborhood organizations leading work that aligns with these priorities. A total of $1.3 million in funding will allow these organizations to be proactive in building the environment in their communities that will work to increase investment.
As part of the Trust’s work to close the racial and ethnic wealth gap, there is a need to provide communities with access to services, amenities, and jobs. Community-based organizations play a major role in neighborhood development by offering a multitude of services, often serving as the go-to resource for developers looking to invest and even acting as the voice for the residents. Resourcing these organizations allows neighborhood development to be led by people, just like it was done in so many of the communities I grew up visiting.
2023 Flexible Funding – General Operating Support Grant Recipients
Austin Coming Together ($100,000)
Back of the Yards Neighborhood Council ($100,000)
Economic Strategies Development Corporation ($100,000)
Emerald South Economic Development Collaboration ($50,000)
Endeleo Institute Inc ($100,000)
Far South Community Development Corporation ($100,000)
Garfield Park Community Council ($100,000)
Greater Auburn Gresham Development Corporation ($100,000)
Greater Englewood Chamber of Commerce ($50,000)
Greater Southwest Development Corporation ($100,000)
Marshall Square Resource Network ($100,000)
North Lawndale Community Coordinating Council ($50,000)
Quad Communities Development Corporation ($100,000)


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Did you know that 11-year old Yannick Bisson is a very focused 4way competitor?
posted: Apr 4th, 2014 The NSL-TV videos of Round 3 are showing how XL lost the 2nd place before winning it back in Round 4. They also include the videos of the same round in 4way Women where the Aerodyne French Girls gave up the first highscore to the Golden Knights.
The Sun Path Products NSL News then followed one of the AA Class teams throughout the preparations for Round 3, the competition performance in the flying chamber and the aftermath. 4Astrophe from Canada is not new to the audience after several updates from Canada, including the Canadian Indoor Skydiving Championship 2014.
4Astrophe is one of the growing... (more)
Did you know that the NMP-PCH Hayabusa 4way machine keeps adding points to the lead?
posted: Apr 4th, 2014 The judging for Round 3 has been completed in four of the five 4way categories, and NMP-PCH Hayabusa keeps going like a 4way machine. There is a 12-point distance to the team in 2nd place after three rounds...
The battle for the 2nd place is just as exciting as the scores after Round 2 indicated. There has been a different leader of the 4-pack after each round. Volt'R was in 2nd place after Round 1 before SportLoto and XL took that spot in Round 2. Round 3 has a new team in 2nd place with Gavroches.
Thunder took a point from SportLoto in Round 3 but has to watch out, as well. Qatar Tigers... (more)
Did you know that four teams are battling for the 2nd place in AAA/Open at the World Challenge?
posted: Apr 4th, 2014 As usual, it is difficult to keep up with the pace at Bodyflight Bedford. Round 2 is almost complete, and the teams are getting ready for Round 3.
It is no surprise at all that NMP-PCH Hayabusa is six points ahead after Round 2. It would be a surprise if any other team were able to just win a single round. There is no competition for the Belgians at the World Challenge 2014 without Arizona Airspeed, and even the reigning world champions had a hard time challenging Hayabusa seriously at the Paraclete XP Indoor Championship 2014.
However, there is a very hot race going for the 2nd place. XL,... (more)
Did you know that fastest round of the World Challenge is the jump-off sequence?
posted: Apr 4th, 2014 The World Challenge 2014 is in full swing after the opening briefing at 8:00 AM on Friday morning. The 87 teams in the 4way competition are sharing the space with each other for their preparations, and the new NSL-TV clip provides the first impressions.
Bodyflight Bedford has a lot of space available, as host Paul Mayer finds and develops more areas each year. However, even the generous space seems to be crowded when 87 teams are in the middle of a 4way competition.
The Sun Path Products NSL News made the morning tour for the first NSL Reality TV clip before the competition began and will... (more)
Did you know that XL and the Fun Flag are not directly connected?
posted: Apr 3rd, 2014 The last update from the World Challenge 2014 at Bodyflight Bedford on Thursday features the most important part of the indoor competition - the actual flying part in the 16-foot tunnel chamber.
The official training sessions for all teams began at 5:00 PM, and the latest NSL-TV clip presents a colorful mixture of teams who participate at this year's event, starting at Rookie Class newcomer HF Chicks from the Czech Republic, including Dynamic 2way performances, and finishing with the famous XL warmup sequences.
XL has never been too serious about their last and official training sessions... (more)
Did you know that Cats in a Bath speak four languages and go far back in 4way history?
posted: Apr 3rd, 2014 The Sun Path Products NSL News reported on 23 February 2014 that Joey Jones and Paul Mayer are back at the World Challenge 2014 with Bodyflight Black Majick and the same lineup as last year. Black Majick has signed up for the A Class competition.
It is not the only team for Joey Jones. The field of 4way teams also includes AAA Class team "Cats in a Bath", and the Sun Path Products NSL News found all four team members at least in the same room at the same time. Joey Jones was working with Portugal's national team Atmosfera G4, while Luc Verstrepen, Marco Arrigo and Martial Ferre were watching... (more)

domain: sports


The mission of the BMPN Administrative Unit is to provide accurate and efficient administrative and financial support that facilitates and enhances teaching, research, and public service while complying with applicable laws, agency and UC policy and procedures as well as adhere to the highest standards of ethics.
Our offices can be located on the 1st floor of Boyce Hall.
Departments and Centers
CNAS Science News
March 16, 2023
Humans bite back by deactivating mosquito sperm
New UC Riverside research makes it likely that proteins responsible for activating mosquito sperm can be shut down, preventing them from swimming to or fertilizing eggs.
March 07, 2023
The planet that could end life on Earth
A terrestrial planet hovering between Mars and Jupiter would be able to push Earth out of the solar system and wipe out life on this planet, according to a UC Riverside experiment.
February 28, 2023
Breathing is going to get tougher
When global temperatures increase by 4 degrees Celsius, harmful plant emissions and dust will also increase by as much as 14 percent, according to new UC Riverside research.
February 07, 2023
Fungi and bacteria are binging on burned soil
UC Riverside researchers have identified tiny organisms that not only survive but thrive during the first year after a wildfire. The findings could help bring land back to life after fires that are increasing in both size and severity.


I meet with dozens of customers throughout the year to discuss “the cloud”, a term we all hear in tech business these days and something as an industry we are all scrambling towards. Bottom line is some customers usually know why they need to go to the cloud, but a large part just know they need to go without a clear reason, a path to get there, or a plan of how to manage once they’re there.
The reasons to go to the cloud as we see it at PTP; budget predictability/cost savings (no more surprise equipment purchases), reduced physical footprint (who really wants to worry about rack space, generators and AC), instant scalability (you’re resources can keep sleeping because drive space won’t run out), accessibility of additional services for immediate deployment (data analytics anyone?) and ease of disaster recovery (I will miss flying to a different state with a bag full of tapes).
Those reasons make great business sense, but challenges exist. Everyone hears those nightmare stories about countless servers being spun up by developers and engineers and you go from 8 servers to 80 in one month and your bill goes in the same direction without notice. Remember, budget predictability is one of drivers. The cloud only works if its managed and governed correctly, which means the right monitoring/tooling and experienced engineers must be in place to ensure success. Otherwise you will be sitting at your desk one day asking yourself “Why should I love the cloud when it obviously hates me?”
This is where PTP comes in. We can help you stay away from a potential existential cloud crisis! We have the technology, we have the personnel, we have the capability to build an efficient, effective and secure cloud environment. Better than the traditional environment of the past! (oh, sorry I went all six-million-dollar man on you…)
I know you are busy, and want to get on with your day, so I’m just going to highlight one piece of our platform that give’s the PTP PeakPlus service our edge.
At PTP, our “PeakPlus” ITOM (IT Operations Management for those new at this) Platform powered by OpsRamp delivers the monitoring and management capabilities that provide a single pane of glass for managing both Cloud and On-Prem resources. Why do we leverage the platform? Well the answer is simply, native cloud monitoring solutions have limitations which add complexity, require multiple configurations and in short do not provide the data needed to effectively manage your environment.
An OpsRamp blog post goes into a little more detail on why we choose the platform (hang on it is going to get a bit technical).
Challenges when using CloudWatch only to monitor AWS infrastructures:
- Region-Specific Configurations. CloudWatch will need to be configured separately for each region that contains AWS resources. Metrics are defined for each region, so each configuration is different.
- Manual Alarm Configurations. Alarm configurations must be pushed out manually to already created or to be created workloads.
- Generic Notifications. – CloudWatch notifications need to be manually configured for each AWS region and do not seamlessly integrate into native ITSM platforms.
- Limited insight to Applications. CloudWatch does not provide any out of the box templates for managing applications. An agent is required, and configurations are created manually.
Improvements in Control of Your AWS Instances with PTP PeakPlus with OpsRamp:
- Ability to combine AWS CloudWatch metrics. OpsRamp’s digital operations command center and PTP ITIL processes. Identify categorize, assign priority and respond to issues before they impact your business.
- Real-Time Analytics. Ingest and store all CloudWatch metrics in OpsRamp for unified and real-time insights into the availability and health of your cloud applications.
- Immediate Visibility for both Cloud & OnPrem infrastructures. Stream CloudWatch and CloudTrail logs and alerts into OpsRamp via integration. Monitor and maintain on-prem resources from single pain of glass used to monitor and maintain cloud resources.
- Data Retention. Retain CloudWatch metrics data in OpsRamp.
- Application Monitoring. Complement EC2 monitoring and extend monitoring capabilities for enterprise applications.
Obviously, we are far from the shallows now (yeah, I went there) and there is a lot more to discuss. If you want to take control of your IT operations, bring better visibility, oversight, improved performance and availability to both native cloud and on prem infrastructures give PTP a call and lets discuss how we can help.


text:
Does anyone else hoard magazines? That's too broad... not every magazine that comes through the mail, but the good ones? I have yet to toss a House Beautiful or Southern Living. Others I just tear out the pages with relevant items. The excitement when they start arriving in the mail for the next month... actually flipping pages. I just don't get the same thrill with online publications.
Anyway, this weekend I took some time and had a fresh look at a Manhattan apartment that Amanda Nisbet designed. It was featured in the March 2014 House Beautiful "Art of Color" if you have it on your coffee table still.
This snippet of a bedroom.
It is the only picture I've been able to find of it so far but what I really love is the single, long headboard uniting the twin beds. Based on the fact that this is in Manhattan, the scale of the nightstand between them and the fact that she used one headboard for both makes me think this is a very small bedroom. Another element I love is the fabric, Brisbane by Missoni. Nothing boring, forget the solids, forget a monochromatic color scheme but go bold.
A fresh look for a small room. Do you love the idea or hate it?
** If you're interested in Design or E-Design services, please email firstname.lastname@example.org for more information! **


text:
Acts 1:1; Acts 1:22; Acts 2:4; Acts 8:35; Acts 10:37; Acts 11:4; Acts 11:15; Acts 18:26; Acts 24:2; Acts 27:35
The first account I composed, Theophilus, about all that Jesus began to do and teach,
beginning with the baptism of John until the day that He was taken up from us-one of these must become a witness with us of His resurrection."
And they were all filled with the Holy Spirit and began to speak with other tongues, as the Spirit was giving them utterance.
Then Philip opened his mouth, and beginning from this Scripture he preached Jesus to him.
you yourselves know the thing which took place throughout all Judea, starting from Galilee, after the baptism which John proclaimed.
But Peter began speaking and proceeded to explain to them in orderly sequence, saying,
"And as I began to speak, the Holy Spirit fell upon them just as He did upon us at the beginning.
and he began to speak out boldly in the synagogue. But when Priscilla and Aquila heard him, they took him aside and explained to him the way of God more accurately.
After Paul had been summoned, Tertullus began to accuse him, saying to the governor, "S ince we have through you attained much peace, and since by your providence reforms are being carried out for this nation,
Having said this, he took bread and gave thanks to God in the presence of all, and he broke it and began to eat.

domain: literature


Vice President of Development
Julia Wynyard is Vice President of Development at Samuels & Associates, where she oversees development projects and their related teams, collaborating closely with both internal and external stakeholders.
Before joining the Samuels in 2019, Julia was the Senior Director of Development at AvalonBay Communities, Inc., where she collaborated with the development, construction, and operations teams to manage all aspects of new developments throughout Massachusetts.
Julia is currently a member of the Urban Land Institute and NAIOP. She is passionate about fostering community through the built environment and closely identifies with S&A’s commitment to that objective.
Julia holds a Master of Business Administration from The Wharton School at the University of Pennsylvania. An avid skier and aspiring golfer, Julia tries to balance city life with being outdoors as much as possible with her family.


What We Do
Climate change, air pollution, drinking water quality and chemical pollutants are among the pressing environmental health issues of the century. The mission of the Department of Environmental Health Sciences (EHS) at the Yale School of Public Health is three-fold: to advance scientific knowledge about the connections between environment and health through multidisciplinary research, design science-based solutions that can inform public health and policy, and educate the next generation of public health leaders.
EHS Upcoming Events
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Stamp Design Size: 1.25 x 3.2 inches
Venus de Milo is universally known as a symbol of artistic beauty. This marble statue can be seen in person at the Louvre Museum in Paris. The sculpture stands 6 feet 7 inches tall and is missing both arms. Despite its flaws, it is considered one of the most beautiful works ever created and the most popular piece at the Louvre. Stamping with this image will bring a unique esthetic to your projects and you will find it to fit onto many themes.
About Deep Red Stamps
We manufacture the finest quality cling stamps for crafters. Our beautifully detailed deep etch rubber stamps are made with our proprietary blend of high grade natural gum rubber mounted on gray cling foam. They produce better ink transfer and fantastic impressions on a wider variety of surfaces and papers. Deep Red Stamps are exceptionally durable and safe to use with any crafting inks. Made in the USA


We design a state-feedback controller for the nonlinear benchmark problem. Our approach relies on the use of Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy models to approximate the nonlinear system. Once the fuzzy model is obtained, we develop a guaranteed-cost framework to design the controller using linear matrix inequality methods and the recently obtained relaxed stability conditions. We show that our proposed controller will not only stabilize the system, but also has satisfactory disturbance attenuation properties.
Proceedings of the 1998 IEEE International Conference on Control Applications
Control systems, Fuzzy control, Takagi-Sugeno models
Abdallah, Chaouki T.; A. Jadbabaie; M. Jamshidi; and Peter Dorato. "Guaranteed-cost control of the nonlinear benchmark problem using model-based fuzzy systems." Proceedings of the 1998 IEEE International Conference on Control Applications (1998): 792-796. doi:10.1109/CCA.1998.721567.


Do you remember when you were a kid? You wanted that custom Hello Kitty Ferrari, or something else just as super cool that your parents denied you, threatening to send you into years of therapy. Sure, now, your therapist can look back and laugh, but back then it was the MOST IMPORTANT thing in your little world. Yet, no matter how much you stomped your feet (like that ever worked before) or waved your tiny fists in rage, your driveway remained stubbornly Ferrari free. Often time the stuff kids want is the stuff they need the least. But trying to explain that to them is akin to teaching your cat to speak German. You’re doomed before you start. That doesn’t mean you won’t try anyway, just that your success rate is going to be maddeningly low. It doesn’t take a parent too long to understand why the Bible, in Exodus: 21, advocated selling your children into slavery. It sometimes seems like the only logical choice.
But every now and then there’s a child who, when faced with a life made of lemons, decides to make a tasty lemon meringue pie. I use this analogy to allow you to understand that I’m talking about a serious overachiever here.
As Veronika Oleksyn reports, when young Regina Mayer was told she couldn’t have a horse, she went to the barn and made one out of a cow.
When Regina Mayer’s parents dashed her hopes of getting a horse, the resourceful 15-year-old didn’t sit in her room and sulk. Instead, she turned to a cow called Luna to make her riding dreams come true.
Hours of training, and tons of treats, cajoling and caresses later, the results are impressive: not only do the two regularly go on long rides through the southern German countryside, they do jumps over a makeshift hurdle of beer crates and painted logs.
“She thinks she’s a horse,” the golden-haired Mayer joked on a recent sunny afternoon as she sat atop the impassive brown-and-white, grass-munching cow.
It all started about two years ago, shortly after Luna was born on the Mayers’ sprawling farm in the hamlet of Laufen, just minutes from the Austrian border.
They started off with walks in the woods during which Luna wore a halter. Then Mayer slowly got her cow more accustomed to human contact and riding equipment.
About six months later, it was time to see how Luna would respond to a rider on her back. Mayer sat in the saddle, and all went as planned – at least at first.
“She was really well behaved and walked normally,” said Mayer, decked out in riding gear. “But after a couple of meters, she wanted me to get off! You could see that she got a bit peeved.”
Luna and Mayer are now soul mates, spending most afternoons together once the teen – who aspires to become a nurse one day – comes home from school.
Their extensive routine involves grooming, petting, jumps and a roughly one-hour ride. That’s also the case in winter, when Mayer lovingly drapes a blanket over Luna to keep her warm.
It’s a lot of work “but I enjoy it,” Mayer said.
Her efforts have paid off.
Now, Luna understands commands such as “go,” `’stand” and “gallop.” If she feels like it, that is.
“When she wants to do something she does it, when she doesn’t, she doesn’t,” said Mayer, who proudly says Luna thinks of her as her mother. “And she’s often very headstrong but can also be really adorable.”
Luna’s stubborn streak meant that teaching her pony tricks wasn’t always easy, Mayer noted, saying she sought tips from a cow expert in Switzerland on how to deal with “steering” problems.
Anne Wiltafsky, who trains cows near the Swiss city of Zurich, said Luna’s talents are not particularly surprising and that, historically, it was quite common to ride cows and use them as workhorses.
“Especially younger ones can jump really well,” Wiltafsky said in a telephone interview, adding that cows are lovable companions because they’re easygoing, have strong nerves and are “unbelievably devoted” to people they like.
Being – and owning – a cow-turned-pony isn’t always easy.
Take the somewhat skeptical neighbors, such as Martin Putzhammer, who had to be won over.
“At first I thought it was kind of weird – a kid on a cow?” the 17-year-old said during a break from repairing his moped. “Had to get used to it but once I did I thought it was pretty funny.”
While Mayer’s friends quickly warmed to her passion after laughing at her, Luna’s fellow cows weren’t so open-minded.
“Cows don’t really like her … they’re jealous because she always gets goodies,” Mayer said.
And horses? Many run away in fright, but others often join Luna on rides.
“She really enjoys that and gets totally into it,” Mayer said.
Mayer hasn’t given up her hopes of having a horse and may soon get one. But she says Luna will always have a special place in her heart.
“She’ll stay my darling,” she said.
A couple of things caught my eye in this article. First, there’s a professional cow trainer in Zurich. I had no idea that there was a need for this profession. I spent many a youthful summer on farms in Wisconsin and never once heard any of my relatives ask to have their cows trained. Milked? Yep. Cleaned and groomed? Of course. Slaughtered for dinner? You betcha. But trained? Not even when beer was involved.
The second thought that crossed my mind is that this kid makes incredibly bizarre substitutions on the fly. I’m not sure that’s a great quality for a nurse.
I know that I, for one, would care very deeply about that particular ‘dif.’
Oh well, that’s some time off. In the meantime, enjoy some video of Luna the Jumping Cow.
Listen to Bill McCormick on WBIG AM 1280, every Thursday morning around 9:10!


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Pope Calls for Guaranteed Health Care
Read the story, from CNS's Sarah Delaney:
VATICAN CITY (CNS) -- Pope Benedict XVI and other church leaders said it was the moral responsibility of nations to guarantee access to health care for all of their citizens, regardless of social and economic status or their ability to pay.
Access to adequate medical attention, the pope said in a written message Nov. 18, was one of the "inalienable rights" of man.
The pope's message was read by Cardinal Tarcisio Bertone, Vatican secretary of state, to participants at the 25th International Conference of the Pontifical Council for Health Care Ministry at the Vatican Nov. 18-19.
The theme of this year's meeting was "Caritas in Veritate - toward an equitable and human health care."
The pope lamented the great inequalities in health care around the globe. While people in many parts of the world aren't able to receive essential medications or even the most basic care, in industrialized countries there is a risk of "pharmacological, medical and surgical consumerism" that leads to "a cult of the body," the pope said.
"The care of man, his transcendent dignity and his inalienable rights" are issues that should concern Christians, the pope said.
Because an individual's health is a "precious asset" to society as well as to himself, governments and other agencies should seek to protect it by "dedicating the equipment, resources and energy so that the greatest number of people can have access."
"Justice in health care should be a priority of governments and international institutions," he said, cautioning that protecting human health does not include euthanasia or promoting artificial reproductive techniques that include the destruction of embryos.
Care for human life from conception to its natural end must be a guiding light in determining health care policy, the pope said.
In his own written statement, Cardinal Bertone had strong words in support of the need for governments to take care of all citizens, especially children, the elderly, the poor and immigrants.
"Justice requires guaranteed universal access to health care," he said, adding that the provision of minimal levels of medical attention to all is "commonly accepted as a fundamental human right."
Governments are obligated, therefore, to adopt the proper legislative, administrative and financial measures to provide such care along with other basic conditions that promote good health, such as food security, water and housing, the cardinal said.
Private health insurance companies, he said, should conform to human rights legislation and see to it that "privatization not become a threat to the accessibility, availability and quality of health care goods and services."
Cardinal Bertone recommended that government leaders in poor countries use their limited resources wisely and for the good of their citizens.
The governments of richer nations with good health care available should practice more solidarity with their own disadvantaged citizens and help developing countries promote health care while trying to avoid a "paternalistic or humiliating" way of assisting, the cardinal said.
Cardinal Bertone warned of the "war of interests" between pharmaceutical companies and developing nations who have little access to medicines because they can't pay for them. He said that those manufacturers should not be driven by "profit as the only objective" in the creation and distribution of medicines.
Archbishop Zygmunt Zimowski, president of the Pontifical Council for Health Care Ministry, said in opening remarks that to have good health "is a natural right" recognized by international institutions.
Despite such recognition, he said, great imbalances persist and developing nations find themselves with inadequate structures and without the ability to provide basic medicines to their people. Wealthier countries, on the other hand, have a "technical" approach to the sick, which ignores "the sick person in his entirety and dignity," Archbishop Zimowski said.
The council, created by Pope John Paul II 25 years ago, will continue the church's mission to serve the sick and promote health for all, the archbishop said.

domain: sociology


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Once again boxing fans turned out in force to support their local favourites on the bill of last night’s ACID TEST at the Harvey Hadden Stadium in Nottingham.
An action-packed evening saw some real battles take place in the seven bouts on the card, which included a classic fight between Bilborough’s Kyle Hughes and Danny Shannon from London.
“My money was on this one for an explosive bout,” said the show’s promoter, Scott Calow. “It certainly lived up to my expectations, with Danny’s extra experience winning through in the end.”
Newark’s two boxing brothers both proved they have a very bright future in the boxing world, with Chad Sugden defeating Holland’s Farouk Daku by a unanimous points win in the Main Event and his younger brother Regis Sugden stopping his opponent Luke Middleton by third round TKO.
Earlier in the evening, Olly Newham got the night started in a match up which saw his opponent Dylan Courtney taking a lot of punishment but coming through in the end, while Nottingham’s Conner Short defeated Joe Beedon to win his debut in style.
“The bout featuring Joe Hughes and Jordan Rodriguez, who has 7 KOs from 8 wins on his record, proved to be a real war,” added Scott. “After absorbing an onslaught in the first round, Joe out-boxed his Spanish opponent for the rest of the contest to take the win. Unfortunately Jordan fell ill after the fight and had to be taken to hospital, which caused the show to be put on hold for a while – we wish him all the best for a speedy recovery.
“And there was a victory too for Ryan Amos who, with his Tyson-like style, kept the pressure on seasoned pro Chris Jenkinson to come out on top.
“All in all, it was a great night and the feedback from the public and the press has been fantastic, which makes all the effort put in by everyone worthwhile.”
Photos by Dan Kelly, DKO Action Imagery
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Green peppers are prematurely harvested are considered to be the mildest in flavour compared to the other colours.
the flavour is described as piquant and fresh with a crisp sweetness, green grass.
The aroma is described as bright, lively, and spicy
Peppercorns have been used since antiquity, both for flavour and as traditional medicine. Black pepper is the world’s most traded spice and is one of the most common spices added to cuisines around the world. Its spiciness is due to the chemical compound piperine.

domain: food


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High Court Drops The Hammer On Corporate Offending
What is the “value of the benefit” of corporate criminal offending? Should it be the gross benefit received by the offending corporate? Or should it be that sum with deductions for the offender’s costs? These questions were considered in a recent High Court case and the most appropriate approach was determined for setting the maximum penalty for corporate offending.
In The King v Jacobs Group (Australia) Pty Ltd formerly known as Sinclair Knight Merz (“SKM”) the High Court held that under section 70.2(5) of the Criminal Code the maximum available penalty must be set with reference to the “gross” value of the benefit obtained.
What did SKM do?
SKM pleaded guilty to three counts of conspiracy as a body corporate to bribe foreign officials. Over several years, SKM, an engineering, project delivery and consulting company, admitted that they had made bribes in respect of a number of projects in the Philippines and Vietnam funded by the World Bank or the Asian Development Bank.
SKM argued that any penalties should be calculated by reference to the “net benefit” approach being the amount they received in complying with their contractual obligations minus any third-party costs (excluding the bribes) while the Crown submitted that the “gross benefit” approach was more appropriate.
Initially, the NSW Criminal Court and NSW Criminal Court of Appeal agreed with SKM’s submissions that the “net benefit” approach was the most appropriate; however, the Crown was granted special leave to appeal to the High Court who unanimously held that the “gross benefit” approach was the correct approach and remitted the matter back to the NSW Criminal Court for resentencing with a maximum potential penalty of $30,391,062.
How does this affect me?
The High Court’s decision in this case means that corporate offenders can now expect to pay higher penalties as sentences are more likely to be ordered with reference to a higher maximum. Similar language is also found in the Australian Securities and Investments Commission Act 2001 (Cth), the Competition and Consumer Act 2010 (Cth), and the Corporations Act 2001 (Cth) (together “Acts”) meaning the High Court’s decision may have relevance to offences committed under these Acts including misleading or deceptive conduct, insider trading, market manipulation and cartel conduct.
Palisade Corporate regularly advises corporate entities, directors and officers on their duties and obligations under a multitude of State and Federal legislation. If you or someone you know needs further advice in relation to those duties and obligations, and the potential exposure and penalties which may arise from them, please feel free to contact us.

domain: law


Lufthansa Technik Deploys E2open for Extended Logistics VisibE2open, provider of cloud-based solutions for collaborative planning and execution across global trading networks, today announced that Lufthansa Technik is leveraging the E2open Business Network. The cloud-based platform gives Lufthansa Technik the distinct competitive advantage of better ensuring continuity of supply and reducing delayed deliveries by getting immediate notification of problems and exceptions.
“We required a cost-effective solution that was designed to provide us with timely and accurate information across our extended supply chain,” said Thomas Wilms, Manager of Solutions for Business Logistics, IT at Lufthansa Technik. “The E2open platform provides a streamlined approach to our logistics network with the flexibility and responsiveness that we require for moving time-sensitive spare parts. With E2open, we can now determine the first available opening on a cargo plane and get the commit back from the carrier on the order and booking process with Lufthansa Cargo in seconds, as opposed to the manual booking process used before.”
Lufthansa Technik is one of the world’s leading providers of maintenance, repair and overhaul (MRO) services for aircraft, engines and components. At Lufthansa Technik, E2open is managing the electronic communication between the Oracle Transportation Management (OTM) system and relevant logistics service providers. E2open offers the E2open Logistics Network (ELN), an integrated connectivity solution for Transportation Management Systems (TMS), which simplifies the effort of establishing electronic integration between shippers, transportation carriers and logistics service providers.
Through the ELN, Lufthansa Technik connects a range of German road transportation services with the partner airline cargo services of leading carriers. “At Lufthansa Technik, we can rapidly connect to new service providers now and in the future with a wide range of message types and formats that the E2open Business Network can accommodate via their reusable maps and canonicals,” continued Lufthansa Technik’s Wilms.
“In today’s challenging aviation and MRO market, Lufthansa Technik is truly an innovator,” said Mark Woodward, President and CEO at E2open. “With E2open’s cloud-based platform, Lufthansa Technik can easily, rapidly and cost-effectively respond, and act upon, time-sensitive requests intelligently, through the provision of complete visibility into their 3PLs and extended airline partner cargo networks.”
More than 39,000 trading partners and 130,000 unique registered users currently participate in the E2open Business Network, which allows participants to share plans and data and execute business processes in a secure, real-time manner. The E2open Business Network also provides collaboration tools and analytics so that E2open customers can make more informed and efficient decisions.


Last week, Apple released its latest iOS 7 update in iOS 7.0.4, an update that brought enhancements and fixes to iPhone, iPad and iPod touch owners. However, iOS 7.0.4 appears to have not only brought some issues of its own but it looks like there are issues from iOS 7.0.3 and below still lingering for those using Apple’s iPhone.
In October, Apple said that it would roll out a brand new iOS 7 update to fix at least two of the issues that iPhone and iPad users had been experiencing since the arrival of iOS 7, iOS 7.0.1 and iOS 7.0.2. And while the iOS 7.0.3 update did bring fixes for some of the issues plaguing device owners, it also brought some problems of its own, problems that we detailed extensively in the days after the software update’s release.
iPhone and iPad owners began campaigning for a new iOS 7 update to solve the issues found in iOS 7.0.3. Up until late last week, it wasn’t clear if or when Apple would release a new update. However, on Thursday, Apple released iOS 7.0.4, its fourth incremental update for iOS 7 and an update that promised at least one fix, a fix for dropped calls in FaceTime.
We took several looks at the iOS 7.0.4 update last week. And while our experience on the iPhone 5 and iPad 3 were quite good, iOS 7.0.4 problems have started to emerge, for iPhone users in particular.
Over the past few days, we’ve heard from several iPhone users who are evidently experiencing issues within iOS 7.0.4. Several owners have complained about battery drain issues, something that tends to happen every time an iOS update is released, however, we’ve heard about some other, more specific issues with iOS 7.0.4.
We’ve also heard from users who are now running into Wi-Fi issues on their device. Those Wi-Fi issues apparently didn’t exist when the device was using the iOS 7.0.3 update. Users say that they can’t access their network and that when they input their password, it still doesn’t work. This is an issue that we’ve heard about many times in the past and it appears that it is arriving for iPhone owners after installing iOS 7.0.4. iPhone users, specifically those with older iPhones, are complaining that the update is running sluggishly on their device.
We’re also experiencing issues with the iPhone 5s after the iOS 7.0.3 update. For weeks now, we’ve been seeing random reboots on the iPhone 5s. We’ve seen the problem on a T-Mobile iPhone 5s and a Verizon iPhone 5s and we know that other iPhone 5s owners are experiencing the same issue. And while we had hoped that iOS 7.0.4 would solve the problem, we’re still seeing random reboots.
This is an issue that plagued an iPhone 5 of ours all the way until the release of iOS 6.1 in January so it’s possible that a fix is still in the works. At the moment though, it appears to still be an issue for the iPhone 5s and its users.
Those looking for iOS 7.0.4 fixes from Apple likely won’t get any soon as the company typically takes several weeks to issue a brand new update. And even then, there is no guarantee that a fix will be on board.
The iOS 7.1 update for iPhone, iPad and iPod touch is thought to be the next update for device users. And while it has shown up in server logs, a sign that Apple is testing the software, there is still no release date attached to the software.
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How to Increase Cooperation Between Russia, China and the US Against Nuclear Threats
Russia, China and the United States face various challenges and opportunities regarding the three main dimensions of trilateral nonproliferation cooperation: limiting vertical growth of nuclear forces, preventing horizontal nuclear proliferation to new states, and enhancing barriers against terrorists using weapons of mass destruction.
Cooperation on traditional strategic arms control among these three countries is unlikely in the next few years due to conflicting interests and perspectives. Yet, Russia, China and the US can collaborate on solving regional nuclear proliferation challenges and especially countering nuclear terrorism. Richard Weitz will share his views on how this can be achieved and the obstacles involved. He will offer brief initial remarks, followed by an hour for questions and discussion.


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Closest Airport to Cancun airport (CUN), Mexico
Cancun airport - view flight list
|IATA Airport Code||CUN|
|ICAO Airport Code||MMUN|
Closest Airport to Cancun airport (CUN), MexicoCOZUMEL at 57.45 km. 507 flights
Merida at 289.16 km. 686 flights
Chetumal at 320.02 km. 492 flights
Santa Cruz, Belize at 349.16 km. 0 flights
Campeche at 401.69 km. 504 flights
Show cities and airportsLooking for an Airport near a different city? Simply enter the name of a city (select from the dropdown menu) and we will show you the list of cities and airports in that area.
Cities near Cancun airport (CUN), Mexico
Akumal (distance between Akumal and Cancun airport: 81.83 km)
Aventuras (distance between Aventuras and Cancun airport: 89.18 km)
Cancun (distance between Cancun and Cancun airport: 15.20 km)
Chemax (distance between Chemax and Cancun airport: 117.99 km)
Cozumel (distance between Cozumel and Cancun airport: 59.21 km)
El Crucero (distance between El Crucero and Cancun airport: 20.94 km)
Flamingos (distance between Flamingos and Cancun airport: 11.93 km)
Holbox (distance between Holbox and Cancun airport: 74.34 km)
Houston (distance between Houston and Cancun airport: 122.18 km)
Isla Mujeres (distance between Isla Mujeres and Cancun airport: 24.67 km)
Kantunilkin (distance between Kantunilkin and Cancun airport: 59.84 km)
Leona Vicario (distance between Leona Vicario and Cancun airport: 33.61 km)
Playa Del Carmen (distance between Playa Del Carmen and Cancun airport: 50.71 km)
Puerto Morelos (distance between Puerto Morelos and Cancun airport: 22.63 km)
Solidaridad (distance between Solidaridad and Cancun airport: 50.22 km)
Tizimin (distance between Tizimin and Cancun airport: 132.80 km)
Tulum (distance between Tulum and Cancun airport: 117.71 km)
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Send us an email with detailed information on the business you want to recommend - business name, short description, location, website and contact details - and, if the business is relevant to our visitors, we will promote it here for free! LowCostRoutes.com not only helps you find the closest airport to any city but also offers readers cheap flights routes from top airlines. When planning to visit a city in which you are not sure of the closest airport, you can use our to plan your flight and determine the best way to get to your destination. In many cases, there are multiple airports near the city you want to visit, so we recommend you check the top 3 to ensure you find the most economical flight. If you renting a car, it could end up better flying into an airport that is farther away from your final destination to get the best deal on airfare. If you're flying Internationally, you will want to choose the airport that offers the most International flights and airlines that offer International routes. Our site provides a list of airlines and routes for you to easily determine this.