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domain: geography


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Anne Freeman was born Anne Desjardins on November 21, 1912, in New Canada Plantation, Maine. Her parents were both at one-time schoolteachers, but were farmers when she was growing up. She attended the New Canada public schools until fifth grade, grade school at the convent in Fort Kent, Maine, and graduated from Fort Kent High School. After schooling, Anne began work for J.C. Penney in Fort Kent. There she met a clerk at the A&P by the name of Joe Freeman. Joe eventually became manager of the A&P, and they moved to Presque Isle. They bought a tea house in Presque Isle, expanded it, and renamed it the Presque Isle Grill. During World War II, they were busy feeding the soldiers that had returned from Europe, and they fed the prisoners that worked in the Northern Maine fields. In the late 1940s, they sold the restaurant and opened a Pepsi bottling plant in downtown Presque Isle. Anne and Joe were Democrats. They were strong supporters of Ed Muskie and the Democratic Party in Maine.
Copyright Bates College. This transcript is provided for individual Research Purposes Only; for all other uses, including publication, reproduction and quotation beyond fair use, permission must be obtained in writing from: The Edmund S. Muskie Archives and Special Collections Library, Bates College, 70 Campus Avenue, Lewiston, Maine 04240-6018.
Nicoll, Don, "Freeman, Anne (Desjardins) oral history interview" (1998). Edmund S. Muskie Oral History Collection. 133.

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Five nurses at a Denver hospital were suspended for three weeks when they opened a body bag and commented on a dead man’s genitals, The Denver Channel reported.
The incidents occurred at Denver Health Medical Center between March 31 and April 3, 2017 and were reported May 8, the Denver Channel reported. According to hospital spokesman Josh Rasmussen, the nurses opened a body bag and made admiring comments about the man’s genitals. The comments were heard by a sixth nurse, who believed they were inappropriate and reported it to hospital staff.
- Images from space show wildfire smoke swallowing northwest
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A police report confirmed the account: “Multiple staff members viewed the victim while he was incapacitated, including after he was deceased.”
Four of the nurses have since returned to work at the hospital, and the fifth is “no longer is employed by the hospital, but wasn’t terminated,” the Denver Channel reported.
Police said there wasn’t enough evidence that a crime had taken place to file charges. The incident will, however, go on the nurses’ permanent records at the hospital.
© 2019 Cox Media Group.

domain: news


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Mansfield Building Society has rebranded all channels with a new design across its branches, website, and social media, and has introduced an updated dedicated intermediary-only microsite and broker portal for mortgage applications.
The broker microsite includes the new branding and offers advisers easy access to its affordability calculator and its mortgage products and criteria information. The broker application portal is also designed to make the process of submitting business much simpler.
Gev Lynott, chief executive at The Mansfield, said: “We are very excited and proud to be announcing our new brand which covers all areas of the society’s activities and takes inspiration from our local area.
“2018 was an excellent year for us, specifically in the mortgage market where we were able to lend £94m in new mortgage loans, which resulted in us increasing our mortgage assets by just under 12%.
“Much of this growth is down to our relationships with our intermediary partners and we continue to look to expand our range of mortgage products to ensure they meet the needs of today’s borrowers.
“We remain a very proud mutual, responding to real life circumstances with flexible solutions for borrowers such as first-time buyers, later life borrowers and buy-to-let investors.
“We also want to ensure that advisers find us easy to deal with and the launch of our new microsite and application portal are designed to do just that. A great deal of care and consideration has gone into the rebrand and making sure we have a mortgage proposition that works for advisers and their clients.
“We are excited about the future of The Mansfield and how we can continue to work with intermediaries to continue to offer pragmatic, common-sense mortgage solutions.”
The brand follows extensive research which included both a member survey and broker focus group, and derives creative inspiration from the society’s head office location near Sherwood Forest as well as the area’s industrial heritage.
The Mansfield’s new logo features a combined forest and stag motif and the society said the rebrand reaffirms its commitment to its building society ethos, and said it remains dedicated to responding to customer and broker requirements to offer product solutions for today’s financial needs.
In 2018 the society lent £94m in new mortgage loans and saw a 11.7% increase in mortgage assets in the year. The Mansfield posted a record post-tax profit of £1.75m in a year in which it also pledged a record amount of £76,000 to charitable causes.


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By Lori Fullbright, News On 6
TULSA, OK -- Tulsa's robbery detectives are tracking the men who've committed 10 home invasions in the past week. Three of those happened Sunday night.
The target area is Archer to Pine, Harvard to Sheridan and the all the victims are Spanish speaking.
In each case, the robbers are tall, skinny black men who are 18 to 20-years-old and have their faces covered with masks or bandanas. Each time, they claim police sent them.
Martha and her family were victims of a home invasion the day before Thanksgiving at 10 a.m. She and her husband were raking leaves, then went inside to tell their daughter they were going to the store.
The glass door was closed, but the main door was open and two men barged inside.
"When I was in the restroom, I heard screams. I got up and when I opened the door, I had a gun at my head," said Martha.
The men claimed police had told them the family was dealing drugs and demanded drugs and stole cash, gold necklaces, ID cards and a cell phone.
One man hit Martha's husband in the head with the gun.
"Honestly, the fear wouldn't let me think. I was just praying, asking God they would just leave and not hurt us," said Martha.
Martha's neighbors were hit the next day, money, jewelry and a phone stolen and the man of the house, hit in the head with a gun.
When that man got a new cell phone, he received a picture and several text messages from people who thought they were communicating with the robber.
Police say these attacks are brazen and not well planned.
"We're just one gunshot away from being a homicide. We don't want it to go there, let's stop it right now. Somebody knows who they are and they're not well liked by everybody, so give us a call," said TPD Sgt. Dave Walker.
Martha lives in fear of another robbery, but has several reasons to be thankful.
"I thank God that day I was alive, because the day that happened to me, it was my birthday," said Martha.
About three years ago, there was another string of home invasions targeting Spanish speaking families. Many of those victims worked construction and a co-worker knew when they got paid, so targeted them.
This time, there's no connection between the victims and certainly, no indication of drugs.
Martha told The News On 6 she's been praying for the robbers, that they become better people.

domain: sociology


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In this paper, a novel structure for a continuous flow regulator using pneumatic actuation is designed and integrated “in-channel.” Unlike other pneumatically actuated devices, the present one provides a positive gain, so that when the control pressure is increased, the working flow rate is also increased, owing to the decrease in resistance to flow in the working channel. This novel structure allows normally closed flow regulators to be opened using only a positive pressure source and makes it possible to control all pneumatic devices in a chip without having to employ vacuum sources. The flow regulator has been fabricated using SU-8, and its behavior is studied using the theory of thin plates and by numerical simulation. The behavior is also experimentally characterized, and its characteristic curves are provided, validating the proposed structure. The device fabricated using this structure has a maximum positive gain of 6.8 mL/(min bar) for a control pressure of gas up to 1600 mbar and a working pressure of liquid up to 300 mbar in order to control flow rates in the range of milliliters per minute.


Unbelievable: 15 electors refusing to vote for Trump1 minute read
In a report filed by Infowars Paul Joseph Watson, 15 electoral voters are refusing to cast there vote for Donald Trump on December 19th. There are 538 electoral voters, and a report is showing that 15 of those voters are refusing and actively campaigning to go against there duty to vote for Donald Trump. Trump won the election fair and square on November 8th by earning a total of 306 electoral votes.
Now this is unlikely to actually prevent Donald Trump in becoming president of the United States due to the large lead he has, but just the fact these electoral voters are openly admitting that they’re going to sabotage our democracy is unbelievable. Another shocking fact is 21 states still don’t actually require their members of the electoral College to vote for their parties designated candidate, and the 29 states that do impose that law only result in low penalties for violating the rule, including only fines and misdemeanors charges.Follow us!


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March 17, 2021 by Allie Griffin
JetBlue is considering moving its headquarters from Long Island City, where it has been for about a decade, according to a new report.
The airline, which calls itself “New York’s Hometown Airline”, has been headquartered in Queens since it was founded in 1999.
However, JetBlue may move jobs from its headquarters in Long Island City, 27-01 Queens Plaza North, to Florida, according to an internal memo from the New York Post.
The company wrote in a March 11 memo to employees that it will be looking for alternative options before July 2023 when the Long Island City lease expires, the Post reported.
Those options include posting workers to the Sunshine State, where the airline has a training center in Orlando and another headquarters in Fort Lauderdale – or moving to another neighborhood, the article says.
Still, JetBlue did not rule out a stay in Long Island City, where more than 1,300 people are employed.
“We are exploring a number of avenues including staying in Long Island City, moving to another location in New York City, and / or relocating a number of avenues to be determined [headquarter] Roles in existing support centers in Florida, ”reads the Post’s memo.
The company wrote that it has more leasing options as vacancies have increased due to the pandemic and the role of a physical office in a “hybrid work environment” will continue to evolve.
JetBlue has suffered financial success from COVID-19 as the number of people who have traveled has fallen over the past year. The potential to reduce costs is an important factor in rental decisions.
The airline said it plans to make a final decision on its headquarters later this year, according to the memo quoted by the Post.
Councilor Jimmy Van Bramer said it would be a huge loss to the community if JetBlue moved, despite noting that the company was also considering moving to Florida 10 years ago in relation to Long Island City. It had been in Kew Gardens before Long Island City.
“The company has already gone through this and they have chosen Long Island City. I hope they do this again,” he said. “They bring a lot of vitality to the region and I know they are proud of their connection with Queens.”
Van Bramer didn’t say whether the city should offer tax incentives to keep the airline here, but noted that it was in the district’s best interest to have them here.
“I think the city has to keep it here,” he said. “We have to find out what they’re looking for and go from there.”

domain: economics


Indiana High School Volleyball - South Adams over NorthwesternAugust 22, 2020: Kokomo, IN 46901
The crowd at Saturday's non-league bout between the South Adams Starfires (Berne, IN) and the host Northwestern Tigers (Kokomo, IN), saw South Adams's volleyball squad beat Northwestern by a tally of 2-0.
With the win, South Adams upgrades its record to 5-1 on the year. The Starfires host Northfield (Wabash, IN) to encounter the Norseman in a non-league battle on Saturday, August 22. The Norseman come into the battle with a record of 1-0. Northfield won 3-0 in their recent non-league battle against Marion (Marion, IN)
Next, the Tigers encounter the Northfield Norseman (Wabash, IN) in a non-league battle, on Saturday, August 22. Northwestern will attempt to move on its 1-4 season record. The Norseman come into the battle with a 1-0 record after their 3-0 non-league win over Marion (Marion, IN).


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Brief: January fishout
The High Sierra Fly Casters will hold its January Fishout Sunday at Lake Topaz.
All ages are invited. Your Nevada fishing license will still be good.
Breakfast will be served at 7:30 a.m. at The Topaz Lodge. All others interested in fishing should meet at 9 a.m. the far south parking lot.
For information, call Gene Young at 720-4363.


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Fire chief: Sirens
A minor glitch with the house sirens in the City of Pottsville has been rectified, city Fire Chief Todd March said.
March said the system, which includes seven sirens mounted on top of fire stations,...
A Pottsville Republican Herald Unlimited Access subscription gets you complete access to both our print and digital publications, delivered to your home, desktop and mobile devices 7 days a weekSubscribe to home delivery
111 Mahantongo Street Pottsville, PA 17901


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- Mariah Carey recorded a break up track with YG - TMZ
- Mel Gibson just welcomed his ninth child - Gossip Cop
- Bella Thorne wants to dye her armpit hair - Just Jared Jr
- Liam Payne narrowly missed a shooting at a Hollywood club - Radar
- Justin Bieber is not a fan of The Weeknd - Lainey Gossip
- Fifth Harmony is ready for their second performance as a foursome - The Hollywood Reporter
Emma Stone & Andrew Garfield: Bubby's Coffee Couple!
About Photo #2855796: Emma Stone and Andrew Garfield head to Bubby's to pick up their morning coffee on Monday (April 22) in New York City. The couple are currently living in the… Read More Here

domain: entertainment


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Rare Colour Change Pear Alexandrite Romantic Gold Pendant Necklace.
Handcrafted Colour change stunning 1ct Alexandrite Gemstone with 9ct solid Yellow Gold Pendant and Chain.
Romantic and elegant pendant has Pear shape, Rose-cut 8mm x 6mm Alexandrite stone, which is changing colour from deep Purple to bright Sea-Blue colour under the different light.
The pendant is secured by bail on a Diamond Curb chain.
● NECKLACE SIZE:
Beautiful Diamond Curb style necklace-chain is 0.8mm width and is available to order in a few lengths:
40cm/ 16", 45cm/ 18", 50cm/ 20".
If you need a longer Necklace length then please get in touch
Please choose your length from a drop-down menu.
● Please NOTE: The price is for the necklace only - all decorative accessories which you could see in photos are not included in the price.
● Made to Order processing Time and Delivery Info please see on our Terms and Delivery & Shipping pages.
Pendant: 9ct Solid Yellow Gold.
Chain: Diamond Curb 9ct Solid Yellow Gold.
All pieces have Precious metal fineness stamps or Hallmark subject to the weight.
The sparky Alexandrite is 1ct, 8mm x 6mm, Rose-cut, AAA quality, stunning exclusively cut gemstone, Lab-grown by original Russian Czochralski method. The stone has the same physical and chemical properties as a natural Alexandrite.
It's changing colour from deep Purple to bright Sea-Blue colour under the different light.
(The natural Russian Alexandrite is very rare and costs thousands.)

domain: design


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African-Americans make up 13% of the population nationwide, yet they bear a third of the cost of caring for loved ones with Alzheimer’s.
While Alzheimer’s disease is the most common, it’s not the only form of dementia, a family of disorders that impact memory, judgement, and day-to-day life.
Malcoma Brown-Ekeogu’s husband, Kenneth, was diagnosed with frontotemporal dementia in 2016. She said caring for Kenneth cost their retirement fund.
Brown-Ekeogu misses Kenneth even though he is still here.
“My husband is my gift. Regardless of where he is, mentally, he’s my gift,” she said. “He still has a heart of love. As far as being able to do the day-to-day things, to remember to take a bath, to not put all of his food in his mouth at the same time, to go to the restroom on his own, to clean himself to have a conversation. Those are the things that I miss most about him.”
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Brown-Ekeogu, herself diagnosed with Crohn’s disease, is his sole care partner. She said Kenneth stopped working when diabetes took his sight.
“Then, when this happened with his brain, you know, I knew that my time in the workforce was not going to be long, because he was beginning to need more care,” she said.
Women are most likely to be the care partner.
In 2020 alone, two-thirds of care partners were women, like Brown-Ekeogu. Those women provided nearly $260 billion in unpaid care, according to 2021 data from the Alzheimer’s Association.
“My struggle for myself is to keep my energy up to make sure that I’m you know, I’m taking vitamins, everything I can do especially with the pandemic that I can be as safe as possible,” Brown-Ekeogu said. “For him, I always say he’s easy, like Sunday morning because he’s very easygoing, he doesn’t complain, but to care for him that burden I carry it. That’s mine to carry.”
- 6-month-old dead after being caught in crossfire of shooting in NW Atlanta
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- Landlord terminates Loca Luna’s lease after shooting in parking lot
Dr. Fayron Epps, an assistant professor at Emory University, works with families like the Ekeogus to learn more about their specific needs.
“I primarily focus on what is the education that I can develop and provide to them and other non pharmacological interventions to support them on their journey,” Epps said.
“Vascular dementia is from disruption with the cardiovascular system. And there’s a lot of conditions that cause that disruption. Diabetes is one of them along with hypertension, which leads to strokes, you have kidney problems that also can lead to vascular problems,” Epps said. “Especially in the Black community, as relates to all the disparities surrounding all health illnesses, but specifically as it relates to dementia, we do need to know early what is our baseline what is going on and so we can seek help.”
As a member of Nigerian and African American communities, Ekeogu-Brown said finding resources and support was not easy.
“The African community, they didn’t want to understand it. They didn’t, they didn’t believe it. That’s not what’s going on with him. That’s not so. So, the door was closed.”
She said the African American community will often see a problem with their loved one and choose not to bother them.
“You have to get involved, you know, ask those questions.”
Involvement is what Epps hoped to achieve through her program, Alter.
Alter partnered with Black churches to raise awareness about dementia and Alzheimer’s and support for families dealing with the diseases.
“Our goal is to make sure that they have the resources and the support that they need to be able to support their parishioners, and, and those individuals that live in the community that they serve,” Epps said.
Epps and Emory partnered with UsAgainstAlzheimer’s and Brain Guide.
Brain Guide is a simple and confidential questionnaire that can be taken online or over the phone.
Stephanie Monroe, executive director of African Americans Against Alzheimer’s, a part of UsAgainstAlzheimer’s, said the issue of dementia and Alzheimer’s cannot be ignored.
“It’s bankrupting our families and putting our generation’s ability to age well as others at significant risk,” Monroe said.
[RELATED: Things to know about Alzheimer’s disease]
In Georgia, the most recent data shows that about 150,000 people aged 65 and older have Alzheimer’s disease. Eleven percent of people over the age of 45 have symptoms of Dementia and Alzheimer’s.
In Cherokee County, the prevalence rate for African-Americans is about 9%. In DeKalb, it’s about 6.3% and in Fulton, it’s about 7%, according to UsAgainstAlzheimer’s.
The Brain Guide questionnaire will give people what they need to take the next step.
“Should you see a doctor? Are there other tips that you can engage in if you’re at a stage where maybe there’s some alarm?” Monroe said.
Epps said people must put aside their fear of the unknown. She said a recommendation to follow up with your physician is not a dementia diagnosis. It could be something as simple as a vitamin deficiency.
“Please do not be feel fearful. I think as the Black community, we use that fear, and we don’t seek out assistance and in an end, when things all hit us, it’s too late for anything,” she said.
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Brown-Ekeogu said Brain Guide is a great start, but there needs to be follow through.
“Once those questions are answered, then you need to move on whatever those answers are. it’s hard to get someone to listen sometime. You have to be persistent, don’t stop knocking on doors, don’t stop asking questions, even if it doesn’t sound right. Keep knocking,” Brown-Ekeogu said.
To take the Brain Guide questionnaire visit Mybrainguide.org or call 855-272-4641.
©2022 Cox Media Group


It’s been a busy week, folks, what with all the watching and listening to comedy I do. Now, none of you may be asking, “What else do you do with your life?” Well, glad you didn’t ask. I’m a husband. I’m also a father to a two-year-old son; let’s call him “Thundercock,” a name I just stole from a Christian Finnegan joke.
So why am I telling you all this? Well, it’s because I feel a bit inspired to personally open up after having listened to the second episode of comedians Jim Breuer and Pete Correale’s new podcast The Podcast Masters. (Yes, the title of the show is tongue-in-cheek since they’ve only been podcasting for a few weeks; but in their defense, the pair has done satellite radio together for years.).
The show’s website more than implies what you will not hear on The Podcast Masters; and that is politics and news. And that’s fine with me. I’m the type of person who will spiral into depression because its drizzling outside; I can’t imagine what I’d do if I actually knew what was going on in the world. So, what do the longtime friends chat about? Mostly marriage, their friendship, family– that kind of stuff. As you may know, Breuer, in the last few years, has gone through a bit of a transformation onstage, wherein he’s traded in stories about getting high for stories about his three daughters and his wife.
Episode two is anchored quite artfully by a story Breuer tells of a heated (and wordy) text message exchange between he and his wife that began moments before he hit the stage in Atlantic City, where he was performing with Jim Norton, Bill Burr and Dave Attell. The important things to know about the couple’s dynamic is that they’ve been married for 17 years, they have three daughters and she is kind-of a Born Again Christian, though, despite Correale’s persistent questioning, Breuer still has a hard time describing her faith. The point is, things were said and Breuer had lots of choices to make– choices that were ultimately made with the guidance of Star Wars.
In an effort to re-produce an old-school radio experience the two buddies are joined by DJ Lou who often inserts mood music and sound effects to help illustrate conversations. Honestly, if the number of sounds were decreased by half, I think the show would flow better than it already does. I could also do without the FM radio-friendly intros and outros– there’s lots of bang-zoom sounds. But, I’m picking. There’s very little wrong with what Breuer and Correale do on this new project. I’d highly suggest you check out The Podcast Masters. Once you do, let us know what you think.


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The Best Free Things To Do At Disneyland
Everyone knows that Disneyland is the happiest place on earth. But, at times, it can also feel like the most expensive place on earth. Thankfully, there are many free souvenirs and free things at Disneyland that can add fun to your Disneyland vacation without breaking the bank. Let’s explore the best free things to do at Disneyland.
Looking for ways to plan a Disneyland vacation on a budget? One of the easiest ways to save money at Disneyland and Disney California Adventure is to take advantage of the numerous free experiences available around the Disney parks. Enjoy these Disney vacation money-saving tips and top free things to do at Disneyland.
Top Free Thing You Must Do at Disneyland
Whether your planning your first trip to Disneyland or are a seasoned member of the Disney Vacation Club, here is the first thing you should do at Disneyland (after you grab one of the trusty free park maps, of course). If you only have one day at Disneyland, this is the one thing you must do.
You’ve heard of Disney Magic, but did you know that Walt Disney was also a big fan of more traditional magic tricks as well? His love for close up magic and card tricks, as well as stage illusions, greatly influenced his vision for Disneyland park. If you really think about it, the concept of Imagineering and the work Disney Imagineers do is like real magic in Disney theme parks.
So, it’s no surprise that Disneyland has had an authentic magic shop on its grounds since it first opened it’s doors in 1955. The magic shop at Disneyland has a fascinating history and always been one of the most unique things at Disneyland because it’s no ordinary gift shop.
Main Street Magic Shop at Disneyland is an authentic brick and mortar magic shop. The same type of magic shop where professional magicians learn their tricks. Up until the early part of the 21st century, magic shops were one of the only places to learn the secrets to the best magic tricks ever. Today, Main Street Magic shop is one of the oldest magic shops in America and one of the last remaining magic trick stores in the world.
Stepping through the door beneath the iconic marquee sign on Main Street U.S.A. is like taking a trip back in time. You’ll feel like a kid again browsing all the exciting and amazing magic tricks, pranks, gags and novelties that line the shelves.
What makes Main Street Magic Shop one of the top hidden gems at Disneyland though? Well, those employees you see in the store are not your typical Disney cast members. They’re actually trained magicians that are there to show you mind-blowing magic tricks. All you have to do is ask! (Fun Fact: Comedian and actor Steve Martin once worked at the beloved Disney magic shop early in his career).
At the Main Street Magic shop, you can see world-class magic demonstrations for free. The same type of magic tricks that magicians perform on America’s Got Talent and Penn & Teller: Fool Us. Amazing card tricks, mind-boggling coin tricks, jaw-dropping mind reading tricks and mentalism—the most unique entertainment at Disneyland is totally free. No reservation required.
Where is the Magic Shop at Disneyland Located?
The Main Street Magic shop can be found on Main Street U.S.A. Head toward Sleeping Beauty’s Castle. You’ll see the bright neon “magic” sign on your right as you reach the end of the town square.
The Top Free Disneyland Secret You Probably Didn’t Know
While there are many Disneyland tricks and tips that only the Disney pros know, this one is so new, even the Disneyland annual pass holders might not know it exists.
In 2022, the Main Street Magic shop was purchased by the world’s biggest magic store Vanishing Inc. The global magic retailer was committed to modernizing the beloved Disney magic shop while still honoring it’s rich history of entertaining guests and helping them get started in the exciting world of magic. They immediately started adding a new selection of the best easy magic tricks for beginners, as well as an improved catalog of professional magic tricks for experienced magicians.
But, here is the top Disney secret everyone should know...
You can learn magic tricks at Disneyland for free. Anyone who visits the Main Street Magic Shop can get a special code to learn the world’s best beginner magic tricks for free. These are amazing magic tricks for adults and kids that you can learn in minutes and use to amaze friends and family.
If you can’t wait for your Disneyland vacation to start learning magic tricks, we have 10 free card tricks you can learn right now. Just click the button below!
Learn 10 Card Tricks for Free
Other Free Things at Disneyland
If you’re celebrating your first trip to Disney, a honeymoon, birthday or any other special occasion, getting your free Disney Celebration Button is one of the first things you should do when you arrive at Disneyland. Disneyland hotel guests can get them at the front desk, or you can grab one at Disneyland City Hall when you enter the park.
Free Photos at Disneyland
Don’t want to splurge on the Disneyland Photopass? Well, there’s actually one Disneyland ride where you can get your photo for free and it just so happens to be one of the best Disneyland rides that you need to go on. Head to the kiosks after riding Buzz Ligthyear’s Astro Blasters to select your ride photo and email it to yourself for free.
Another note on the Photopass. Even if you haven’t elected to use Photopass, you can always ask one of the Photopass cast members or Disney character meet and greet attendants to take a photo with your phone or camera for free instead.
If you’re also visiting Disney California Adventure during your Disneyland vacation, make sure to visit the Ghirardelli Soda Fountain & Chocolate Shop for free samples of delicious chocolate.
Spending money on water bottles is one of the easiest ways to burn through your Disneyland budget. Instead, just head to one of the many Disneyland counter service restaurants and ask for a free cup of ice water. Pro Tip: Ask for a large cup to avoid getting one of the small sample cups.
Free Jungle Cruise River Maps
Once you finish your journey on the world famous Jungle Cruise, ask a cast member for one of the limited edition attraction maps. These are subject to availability and generally run out quickly. But, if you go early, you might get lucky.
Free Parking at Downtown Disney
Typically, anyone who can validate a purchase of $20 or more gets three free hours of parking at Downtown Disney. However, if you dine at one the amazing table service restaurants in Downtown Disney, you can get two free extra hours of parking. That’s five free hours of parking in the Downtown Disney Parking Lot.
Free Birthday Desserts
There’s no better way to celebrate your birthday then with a special dinner at one of Disneyland’s many table-service restaurants, or one of the delicious dining options at the Disneyland resort hotels. Make sure to mention it’s your birthday when reserving your table, and again when you sit down. You may just get a free dessert.
Learn How to Draw for Free
At the Disneyland Animation Academy, you can learn how to draw all of your favorite Disney characters for free. You not only gain a new skill, but get fun artwork to take home as a special free Disney souvenir.


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ATL native first arrived on the mainstream music scene in november of 2016 with the release of his “Free 6LACK” EP. Ever since the rap soul and rnb music lovers got a taste of 6LACK’s style the more his popularity grew as an artist. Now, 6LACK has decided to become even more free with the release of his next single off the “Free 6Black” Project. Watch below.
Snapchat – SharifDKing

domain: celebrity


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Alaska during her shakedown cruise in August 1944
|Builders||New York Shipbuilding Corporation|
|Operators||United States Navy|
|Succeeded by||N/A, only large cruiser class authorized|
|In commission||17 June 1944 – 17 February 1947|
|Beam||91 ft 9.375 in (28.0 m)|
|Draft||27 ft 1 in (8.26 m) (mean) 31 ft 9.25 in (9.68 m) (maximum)|
|Speed||33 knots (61 km/h; 38 mph)|
|Range||12,000 nautical miles (22,000 km; 14,000 mi) at 15 knots (28 km/h; 17 mph)|
|Aircraft carried||4 × OS2U Kingfisher or SC Seahawk[A]|
|Aviation facilities||Enclosed hangar located amidships|
The Alaska class were six very large cruisers ordered before World War II for the United States Navy, of which only two were completed and saw service late in the war. The US Navy designation for the ships of this class was 'large cruiser' (CB) and the majority of leading reference works consider them as such. However, various other works have alternately described these ships as battlecruisers despite the US Navy having never classified them as such. The Alaskas were all named after territories or insular areas of the United States, signifying their intermediate status between larger battleships and smaller heavy and light cruisers.[C]
The idea for a large cruiser class originated in the early 1930s when the U.S. Navy sought to counter the Deutschland-class "pocket battleships" being launched by Germany. Planning for ships that eventually evolved into the Alaska class began in the late 1930s after the deployment of Germany's Scharnhorst-class battleships and rumors that Japan was constructing a new large cruiser class, the B-65 cruiser.[D] To serve as "cruiser-killers" capable of seeking out and destroying these post-treaty heavy cruisers, the class was given large guns of a new and expensive design, limited armor protection against 12-inch shells, and machinery capable of speeds of about 31–33 knots (57–61 km/h; 36–38 mph).
Of the six planned, USS Alaska and USS Guam were the only two to be completed; a third (USS Hawaii) which was still building at the war's end had its construction suspended on 16 April 1947 and the last three were cancelled. Alaska and Guam served with the U.S. Navy for the last year of World War II as bombardment ships and fast carrier escorts. They were decommissioned in 1947 after spending only 32 and 29 months in service, respectively.
Heavy cruiser development formalized between World War I and World War II due to the terms of the Washington Naval Treaty and successor treaties and conferences, where the United States, Britain, Japan, France, and Italy agreed to limit heavy cruisers to 10,000 tons displacement with 8-inch main armament. Up until the Alaska class, US cruisers designed between the wars followed this pattern.
The initial impetus for the Alaska design came from the deployments of Germany's so-called pocket battleships in the early 1930s. Though no actions were immediately taken, these thoughts were revived in the late 1930s when intelligence reports indicated Japan was planning or building "super cruisers" of the B-65 class that would be much more powerful than the current US heavy cruisers.[E] The navy responded in 1938 when the General Board asked the Bureau of Construction and Repair to conduct a "comprehensive study of all types of naval vessels for consideration for a new and expanded building program". The US president at the time, Franklin Delano Roosevelt, may have taken a lead role in the development of the class with his desire to have a counter to raiding abilities of Japanese cruisers and German pocket battleships. While these claims are difficult to verify, others have speculated that their design was "politically motivated" rather than strategic.
One historian described the design process of the Alaska class as "torturous" due to the numerous changes and modifications made to the ship's layouts by numerous departments and individuals. Indeed, there were at least nine different layouts, ranging from 6,000-ton Atlanta-class anti-aircraft cruisers to "overgrown" heavy cruisers and a 38,000-ton mini-battleship that would have been armed with twelve 12-inch and sixteen 5-inch guns. The General Board, in an attempt to keep the displacement under 25,000 tons, allowed the designs to offer only limited underwater protection such that they were vulnerable, by comparison with a battleship, to torpedoes and to shells that fell short of the ship. The final design was a scaled-up Baltimore class that had the same machinery as the Essex-class aircraft carriers. This ship combined a main armament of nine 12-inch guns with protection against 10-inch gunfire into a hull that was capable of 33 knots (61 km/h; 38 mph).
The Alaskas were officially funded in September 1940 along with a plethora of other ships as a part of the Two-Ocean Navy Act.[F] Their role had been altered slightly: in addition to their surface-to-surface role, they were planned to protect carrier groups. This carrier escort capability was favored by Admiral King. Because of their bigger guns, greater size and increased speed, they would be more valuable in this role than heavy cruisers, and would provide insurance against reports that Japan was building super cruisers more powerful than the American heavy cruisers. The escort concept would also free the few existing heavy cruisers for scouting (their original purpose).
Possible conversion to aircraft carriers
Yet another drastic change was considered during the "carrier panic" in late 1941, when the US Navy realized that they needed more aircraft carriers as quickly as possible. Many hulls currently under construction were considered for conversion into carriers. At different times, they considered some or all of the Cleveland-class light cruisers, the Baltimore-class heavy cruisers, the Alaska class, and even one of the Iowa-class battleships; in the end, they chose the Clevelands, resulting in the conversion of nine ships under construction at the New York Shipbuilding Corporation shipyard as the light aircraft carriers comprising the Independence-class.
A conversion of the Alaska cruisers to carriers was "particularly attractive" because of the many similarities between the design of the Essex-class aircraft carriers and the Alaska class, including the same machinery. However, when Alaska cruisers were compared to the Essex carriers, converted cruisers would have had a shorter flight deck (so they could carry only 90% of the aircraft), would have been 11 feet (3.4 m) lower in the water, and could travel 8,000 nautical miles (15,000 km) less at 15 knots (28 km/h; 17 mph). In addition, the large cruiser design did not include the extensive underwater protections found in normal carriers due to the armor weight devoted to counter shell fire.[clarification needed] Lastly, an Alaska conversion could not satisfy the navy's goal of having new aircraft carriers quickly, as the work needed to modify the ships into carriers would entail long delays. With this in mind, all planning to convert the Alaskas was abandoned on 7 January 1942.
Of the six Alaska-class cruisers that were planned, only three were laid down. The first two, Alaska and Guam, were completed by the New York Shipbuilding Corporation. Construction of Hawaii, the third, was suspended on 16 April 1947 when she was 84% complete. The last three, Philippines, Puerto Rico, and Samoa, were delayed since all available materials and slipways were allocated to higher priority ships, such as aircraft carriers, destroyers, and submarines. Construction had still not begun when steel shortages and a realization that these "cruiser-killers" had no more cruisers to hunt—as the fleets of Japanese cruisers had already been defeated by aircraft and submarines—made the ships "white elephants". As a result, construction of the last three members of the class never began, and they were officially cancelled on 24 June 1943.
Alaska and Guam served with the U.S. Navy during the last year of World War II, forming Cruiser Division 16 commanded by Rear Admiral Francis S. Low, USN. Similar to the Iowa-class fast battleships, their firepower was useful in shore bombardment, and their speed made them excellent fast carrier escorts, a role for which the two had become celebrated within the fleet by the war's end. Both Alaska and Guam protected Franklin when she was on her way to be repaired in Guam after being hit by two Japanese bombs. Afterward, Alaska supported the landings on Okinawa, while Guam went to San Pedro Bay to become the leader of a new task force, Cruiser Task Force 95, under the overall command of Vice Admiral Jesse B. Oldendorf. Guam, joined by Alaska, four light cruisers, and nine destroyers, led the task force into the East China and Yellow Seas to conduct raids upon shipping; however, they encountered only Chinese junks.
After the war, both ships served as part of Task Force 71, the designation for the U.S. Seventh Fleet's North China Naval Force. Its mission was to support the American occupation of southern Korea. This included executing various show-the-flag operations along the western coast of Korea as well as in the Bohai Sea. These naval demonstrations preceded Operation Campus, the amphibious landing of U.S. Army ground forces at Incheon, Korea, on 8 September 1945. Subsequently, both ships returned to the United States in mid-December 1945, and they were decommissioned and "mothballed" in 1947, after having spent 32 months (Alaska) and 29 months (Guam) in service.
In 1958, the Bureau of Ships prepared two feasibility studies to explore whether Alaska and Guam could be suitably converted into guided-missile cruisers. The first study involved removing all of the guns in favor of four different missile systems. At $160 million, the cost of this proposed removal was seen as prohibitive, so a second study was initiated. The study left the forward batteries (the two 12-inch triple turrets and three of the 5-inch dual turrets) unchanged, and added a reduced version of the first plan on the stern of the ship. Even though the proposals would have cost approximately half as much as the first study's plan ($82 million), it was still seen as too expensive. As a result, both ships were stricken from the Naval Vessel Register on 1 June 1960. Alaska was sold for scrap on 30 June 1960, and Guam on 24 May 1961. The still-incomplete Hawaii was considered for a conversion to be the Navy's first guided-missile cruiser;[G] this thought lasted until 26 February 1952, when a different conversion to a "large command ship" was contemplated. In anticipation of the conversion, her classification was changed to CBC-1. This would have made her a "larger sister" to Northampton, but a year and a half later (9 October 1954) she was re-designated CB-3. Hawaii was stricken from the Naval Vessel Register on 9 June 1958 and was sold for scrap in 1959.
"Large cruisers" or "battlecruisers"
The Alaska class, along with the Dutch Design 1047 battlecruiser and the Japanese Design B-65 cruiser, were specifically to counter the heavy cruisers being built by their naval rivals. All three have been described as "super cruisers", "large cruisers" or even "unrestricted cruisers", with some advocating that they even be considered as battlecruisers, however, they were never officially classified as capital ships, as that designation was reserved for true battlecruisers and battleships. Early in its development, the class used the US battlecruiser designation CC, which had been planned for the Lexington class. However, the designation was changed to CB to reflect their new status, "large cruiser", and the practice of referring to them as battlecruisers was officially discouraged. The U.S. Navy then named the individual vessels after U.S. territories, rather than states (as was the tradition with battleships) or cities (for which cruisers were traditionally named), to symbolize the belief that these ships were supposed to play an intermediate role between heavy cruisers and fully-fledged battleships.
The Alaska class certainly resembled contemporary US battleships (particularly the North Carolina class, South Dakota class, and Iowa class) in appearance, including the familiar 2-A-1 main battery and massive columnar mast. Their displacement was twice that of the newest heavy cruisers (the Baltimore class), being only 5,000 tons less than the Washington Treaty's battleship standard displacement limit of 35,000 long tons (36,000 t) (unchanged through the final naval treaty, the London Treaty of 1936). They were also longer than several treaty battleships such as the King George V class and 724 ft (221 m) North Carolina class.
In overall terms, the design of the Alaska class was scaled up from that of the Baltimore class (themselves the first cruisers in the US Navy to be designed without the limitations of the London Naval Treaty, and exceeding 10,000 tons standard displacement). The armor scheme of the Alaskas was deemed sufficient to provide protection against not only 8″ heavy cruiser shells but even the larger 11″ shells used by Germany's Deutschland-class "pocket battleships" and Scharnhorst-class battleships. However, they lacked the comprehensive underwater protection systems found on the larger US battleships or even on smaller, earlier battleships like the French Dunkerque and German Scharnhorst classes. Thus, the Alaskas were potentially as vulnerable to torpedoes as a heavy cruiser was, as well as to effects from near-misses and 'shorts'.
In addition, despite being much larger than the Baltimore class, the secondary battery of the Alaskas was identical, with an improvement in light anti-aircraft battery size. Whereas the Alaska class carried twelve 5"/38 caliber in six twin turrets, fifty-six 40 mm, and thirty-four 20 mm guns, the Baltimore class carried the same number of 5"/38s, eight fewer 40 mm, and ten fewer 20 mm, considerably fewer than new U.S. battleships that had ten (save for South Dakota) 5"/38 twin mounts while older refitted U.S. battleships had eight. The dearth of anti-aircraft weaponry for a ship of its size was attributed to the amidships aircraft catapult like older US cruisers; while other modern U.S. cruisers and battleships opted for stern-mounted aircraft catapults to free up space along the central superstructure for more secondaries and anti-aircraft guns. In common with U.S. heavy cruisers, they had aircraft hangars and a single large rudder; the single rudder combined with the hull's long length gave the Alaskas a turning radius of 800 yd (730 m), which exceeded the turning circles of larger battleships and carriers in the U.S. Navy. Author Richard Worth remarked that when they were finally completed, launched, and commissioned, they had the "size of a battleship but the capabilities of a cruiser". The Alaska class was similarly expensive to build and maintain as contemporary battleships, yet far less capable due to armor deficiencies, while able to put up an anti-aircraft defense comparable only to the much cheaper Baltimore cruisers.
Despite these cruiser-like characteristics, and the U.S. Navy's insistence on their status as cruisers, the Alaska class has been frequently described as battlecruisers. The official navy magazine All Hands said "The Guam and her sister ship Alaska are the first American battle cruisers ever to be completed as such." Author Chris Knupp noted that while "other nations fulfilled the battlecruiser role by designing vessels like battleships, but stripped of armor and other features to gain speed", the United States "fulfilled the battlecruiser role by creating a larger, more powerful heavy cruiser...[whose] design already offered less armor and higher speed, but by enlarging the ship they gained the heavier firepower". The Alaskas' percentage of armor tonnage, 28.4%, was slightly less than that of fast battleships; the British King George V class, the American Iowa class, and the battlecruiser/fast battleship HMS Hood all had armor percentages between 32 and 33%, whereas the Lexington-class battlecruiser design had a nearly identical armor percentage of 28.5%. In fact, older battlecruisers, such as Invincible (19.9%), had a significantly lower percentage. Armament-wise, they had much larger guns than contemporary heavy cruisers; while the Baltimore class only carried nine 8"/55 caliber Marks 12 and 15 guns, the Alaska class carried nine 12"/50 caliber guns that were as good as, if not superior to, the old 14"/50 caliber gun used on the U.S. Navy's pre-treaty battleships.
As built, the Alaska class had nine 12"/50 caliber Mark 8 guns mounted in three triple (3-gun) turrets, with two turrets forward and one aft, a configuration known as "2-A-1". The previous 12" gun manufactured for the U.S. Navy was the Mark 7 version, which had been designed for and installed in the 1912 Wyoming-class battleships. The Mark 8 was of considerably higher quality; in fact, it "was by far the most powerful weapon of its caliber ever placed in service". Designed in 1939, it weighed 121,856 pounds (55,273 kg) including the breech, and could sustain an average rate of fire of 2.4–3 rounds a minute. It could throw a 1,140-pound (520 kg) Mark 18 armor-piercing shell 38,573 yards (35,271 m) at an elevation of 45°, and had a 344-shot barrel life (about 54 more than the much larger but similar 16"/50 caliber Mark 7 gun found on the Iowa battleships.). The Alaskas' Mark 8 guns were the heaviest main battery of any cruiser of World War II, and as capable as the old 14"/45 caliber gun used on the U.S. Navy's pre-treaty battleships.
The turrets were very similar to those of the Iowa-class battleships, but differed in several ways; for example, the Alaska class had a two-stage powder hoist instead of the Iowa class's one-stage hoist. These differences made operating the guns safer and increased the rate of fire. In addition, a "projectile rammer" was added to Alaska and Guam. This machine transferred shells from storage on the ship to the rotating ring that fed the guns. However, this feature proved unsatisfactory, and it was not planned for Hawaii or any subsequent ships.
Because Alaska and Guam were the only two ships to mount these guns, only ten turrets were made during the war (three for each ship including Hawaii and one spare). They cost $1,550,000 each and were the most expensive heavy guns purchased by the U.S. Navy in World War II.
The secondary battery of the Alaska class was composed of twelve dual-purpose (anti-air and anti-ship) 5"/38 caliber guns in twin mounts, with four offset on each side of the superstructure (two on each beam) and two centerline turrets fore and aft. The 5"/38 was originally intended for use on only destroyers built in the 1930s, but by 1934 and into World War II it was being installed on almost all of the U.S.'s major warships, including aircraft carriers, battleships, and heavy and light cruisers.
Medium anti-aircraft armament (a key component of area air defence within a Task Group) on the Alaska-class ships was 56 x 40mm Bofors guns and for close-in air defence they carried 34 × 20 mm guns. These numbers may be compared with; 48 × 40 mm and 24 × 20 mm on the smaller Baltimore-class heavy cruisers, 60 x 40 mm and 36 x 20 mm on the larger battleship North Carolina at the end of the war, and 80 × 40 mm and 49 × 20 mm on the even larger Iowa-class battleships.
Ships in class
|Alaska||Territory of Alaska||CB-1||New York Shipbuilding Corporation, Camden||9 September 1940||17 December 1941||15 August 1943||17 June 1944||17 February 1947||Broken up at Newark, 1961|
|Guam||Territory of Guam||CB-2||2 February 1942||12 November 1943||17 September 1944||Broken up at Baltimore, 1961|
|Hawaii||Territory of Hawaii||CB-3
|20 December 1943||3 November 1945||—||Broken up at Baltimore, 1960|
|Philippines||Commonwealth of the Philippines||CB-4||—||—||Cancelled June 1943|
|Puerto Rico||Territory of Puerto Rico||CB-5|
|Samoa||Territory of American Samoa||CB-6|
- USS Alaska (CB-1) was commissioned on 17 June 1944. She served in the Pacific, screening aircraft carriers, providing shore bombardment at Okinawa, and going on raiding missions in the East China Sea. She was decommissioned on 17 February 1947 after less than three years of service and was scrapped in 1960.
- USS Guam (CB-2) was commissioned on 17 September 1944. She served in the Pacific with Alaska on almost all of the same operations. Along with Alaska, she was decommissioned on 17 February 1947 and was scrapped in 1961.
- USS Hawaii (CB-3) was intended as a third ship of the class, but she was never completed. Numerous plans to utilize her as a guided-missile cruiser or a large command ship in the years after the war were fruitless, and she was scrapped.
- USS Philippines (CB-4), Puerto Rico (CB-5), and Samoa (CB-6) were planned as the fourth, fifth, and sixth ships of the class, respectively. All three ships were to be built at Camden, New Jersey, but they were cancelled before construction could begin.
- Design B-65 cruiser
- List of cruisers of the United States Navy
- List of ship classes of the Second World War
- Stalingrad-class battlecruiser
- The Seahawk made its operational debut upon Guam on 22 October 1944.
- Sources vary greatly on just how many people composed the complement of the ships.
- With only one exception (USS Kearsarge), US battleships, such as USS Nevada or USS New Jersey, were named for states, while cruisers, like USS Wichita, were named for cities. See United States ship naming conventions. Alaska and Hawaii were insular areas of the United States at the time; they became the forty-ninth and fiftieth States in 1959.
- Jane's thought that this mythical battlecruiser, the notional Chichibu class, would have six 12-inch guns and 30 knots (56 km/h; 35 mph) speed packed into a 15,000-ton ship. See Fitzsimons, Volume 1, 58 and Worth, 305.
- Japan actually developed plans for two super cruisers in 1941, though it was mostly in response to the new Alaska ships. However, the ships were not ordered due to the greater need for carriers. See Design B-65 cruiser.
- Over two hundred other ships were ordered at the same time: two Iowa-class battleships, five Montana-class battleships, twelve Essex-class aircraft carriers, four Baltimore-class heavy cruisers, 19 Cleveland-class light cruisers, four Atlanta-class light cruisers, 52 Fletcher-class destroyers, twelve Benson-class destroyers and 73 Gato-class submarines.
- A similar proposal was made to convert the uncompleted Iowa-class battleship USS Kentucky into the first guided-missile battleship, but as with the proposal for Hawaii this conversion never materialized, and Kentucky was scrapped in 1958.
- Dulin and Garzke, 184.
- Fitzsimons, Bernard, ed., Volume 1, 59.
- Gardiner and Chesneau, 122.
- Pike, John (2008). "CB-1 Alaska Class". GlobalSecurity.org. Archived from the original on 20 October 2008. Retrieved 19 October 2008.
- Swanborough and Bowers, 148.
- Miller, 200.
- Osbourne, 245.
- "Alaska". Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships. Navy Department, Naval History and Heritage Command. Archived from the original on 26 October 2008. Retrieved 14 October 2008.
- "Guam". DANFS. Archived from the original on 26 October 2008. Retrieved 14 October 2008.
- Worth, 305.
- Bauer and Roberts, 139.
- Knupp, Chris (17 April 2017). "The Awesome Alaska Class: America's (Not Quite) Battlecruisers". Navy General Board. Retrieved 20 July 2021.
- "Hawaii". DANFS. Archived from the original on 28 September 2008. Retrieved 14 October 2008.
- Scarpaci, 17.
- Dulin and Garzke, 189.
- Dulin and Garzke, 24 and 179.
- Morison and Polmar, 85.
- Dulin and Garzke 267.
- Dulin and Garzke, 179–183.
- Dulin and Garzke, 179.
- Dulin and Garzke, 183.
- Rohwer, 40.
- Friedman, 190.
- Fitzsimons, Volume 1, 58.
- Friedman, 191.
- Fitzsimons, Volume 1, 59.
- "Philippines". DANFS. Archived from the original on 23 October 2008. Retrieved 15 October 2008.
- "Puerto Rico". DANFS. Archived from the original on 23 October 2008. Retrieved 15 October 2008.
- "Samoa". DANFS. Archived from the original on 20 October 2008. Retrieved 15 October 2008.
- Morison, Samuel Eliot (2004). History of United States Naval Operations in World War II, Volume 14: Victory in the Pacific, 1945. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. pp. 21, 307, 310, 355, 385. ISBN 978-1-59114-579-0. Retrieved 19 July 2014.
Hereafter referred to as: Morison, Victory in the Pacific
- "Admiral Francis S. Low, US Navy 15 August 1894 – 22 January 1964". Naval History & Heritage Command. 2014. Archived from the original on 26 July 2014. Retrieved 11 July 2014.
Adapted from the biographical sketch for Admiral Francis S. Low, Navy Biographies Branch, 23 July 1956; now part of the Modern Biography Files, Navy Department Library, Naval History & Heritage Command.
- "United States Pacific Fleet Organization – 1 May 1945". Naval History & Heritage Command. 2014. Archived from the original on 21 May 2014. Retrieved 11 July 2014.
- Marolda, Edward J. (October 2011). "Asian Warm-up to the Cold War". Naval History. United States Naval Institute. 25 (5): 27–28. Retrieved 5 July 2014.
- Jeffrey G., Barlow (2009). From Hot War to Cold: The U.S. Navy and National Security Affairs, 1945–1955. Palo Alto, California: Stanford University Press. p. 129. ISBN 978-0-8047-5666-2. Archived from the original on 2 July 2014. Retrieved 9 July 2014.
Hereafter referred to as: Bartow. From Hot War to Cold.
- Bartow. From Hot War to Cold, pp. 129–130.
- "Report of Surrender and Occupation of Japan dated 9 May 1946" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 27 July 2014. Retrieved 11 July 2014.
Part III – THE SURRENDER AND OCCUPATION OF KOREA, p. 111
- Dulin and Garzke 187.
- Chesneau, p. 388; Garzke & Dulin, p. 86; Friedman 1984, p. 288; McLaughlin 2006, p. 104
- Morison, Morison and Polmar, 84.
- All Hands, December 1945, "Sleek, Fast, Deadly- Our New CB's"
- Friedman, Battleship Design and Development, 166–173
- DiGiulian, Tony (7 February 2008). "8"/55 (20.3 cm) Marks 12 and 15". Navweaps.com. Archived from the original on 2 October 2008. Retrieved 15 October 2008.
- DiGiulian, Tony (7 February 2008). "12"/50 (30.5 cm) Mark 8". Navweaps.com. Archived from the original on 21 September 2008. Retrieved 15 October 2008.
- Dulin and Garzke, 190.
- DiGiulian, Tony (7 February 2008). "United States of America 16"/50 (40.6 cm) Mark 7". Navweaps.com. Archived from the original on 21 September 2008. Retrieved 16 October 2008.
- DiGiulian, Tony (27 March 2008). "United States of America 5"/38 (12.7 cm) Mark 12". Navweaps.com. Archived from the original on 5 September 2008. Retrieved 25 July 2008.
- "Baltimore". DANFS. Archived from the original on 6 September 2008. Retrieved 15 October 2008.
- "Iowa". DANFS. Archived from the original on 20 September 2008. Retrieved 15 October 2008.
- Bauer, Karl Jack; Roberts, Stephen S. (1991). Register of Ships of the U.S. Navy, 1775–1990: Major Combatants. Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 0-313-26202-0. (Google books link)
- Dulin, Robert O. Jr.; Garzke, William H. Jr. (1976). Battleships: United States Battleships in World War II. Naval Institute Press. ISBN 1-55750-174-2. (Google Books link)
- Fitzsimons, Bernard, ed. (1978). Illustrated Encyclopedia of 20th Century Weapons and Warfare. Vol. 1. London: Phoebus.
- Friedman, Norman (1983). U.S. Aircraft Carriers: An Illustrated Design History. Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0-87021-739-9. (Google Books link)
- Gardiner, Robert; Chesneau, Roger (1980). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1922–1946. Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0-87021-913-8. (Google Books link)
- Miller, David (2001). Illustrated Directory of Warships of the World: From 1860 to the Present. Osceola: MBI Publishing Company. ISBN 0-7603-1127-7. OCLC 48527933. (Google books link)
- Morison, Samuel Loring; Polmar, Norman (2003). The American Battleship. Zenith Imprint. ISBN 0-7603-0989-2. (Google Books link)
- Osborne, Eric W. (2004). Cruisers and Battle Cruisers: An Illustrated History of Their Impact. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 1-85109-369-9. (Google Books link)
- Rohwer, Jürgen (1992). Chronology of the War at Sea, 1939–1945: The Naval History of World War Two. Naval Institute Press. ISBN 1-59114-119-2. (Google books link)
- Scarpaci, Wayne (April 2008). Iowa Class Battleships and Alaska Class Large Cruisers Conversion Projects 1942–1964: An Illustrated Technical Reference. Nimble Books LLC. ISBN 978-1-934840-38-2. (Google Books link)
- Swanborough, Gordon; Bowers, Peter M. (1968). United States Navy Aircraft Since 1911. Funk & Wagnalls.
- Tucker, Spencer C.; Roberts, Priscilla Mary; Greene, Jack; Kingseed, Cole C.; Muir, Malcolm; Zabecki, David T.; Millett, Allan R. (1976). World War II: A Student Encyclopedia. Naval Institute Press. ISBN 1-55750-174-2. (Google Books link)
- Worth, Richard (2002). Fleets of World War II. Da Capo Press. ISBN 0-306-81116-2. (Google Books link)
- Photographs of the Alaska class
- Alaska class Large Cruisers—From U.S. Office of Naval Intelligence recognition manual ONI 200, issued 1 July 1950
- Detailed video discussion of the Alaska Class Cruiser

domain: history


ADOT To Partner With Arizona Businesses To Promote 511 On Roadways
The Arizona Department of Transportation is looking to partner with businesses across the state to bring brand awareness to the state’s 511 travel information line.
Tom Herrmann, spokesman for ADOT, said businesses will be able to place their logo on signs underneath the agency’s 511 logo, which urges motorists to contact the agency for travel information.
Herrmann said the money generated will go to the Arizona State Highway Fund.
“This will help pay for highway maintenance repairs around the state, just as the existing logo signs," Herrmann said. "This will help keep taxes low around the state by using the funds from the 511 logo program to help with freeway work.”
Herrmann said these new signs will be placed near highway exits primarily in the Phoenix and Tucson areas. But Herrmann said the agency hopes to expand the signage to other cities later this year.


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Lincoln Financial Group today announced its plans to support National Save for Retirement Week, the first national event endorsed by Congress dedicated to promoting retirement saving among Americans and encouraging employees to participate in their employer-sponsored retirement plans. This year, National Save for Retirement Week takes place October 16 through 22.
To encourage conversation on this topic of national interest, Lincoln is holding a Retirement Plan Savings Forum on Facebook, Thursday, October 20, 2011 from 12:30 to 1:30 p.m. ET. Lincoln Financial retirement plan specialists will answer questions, in real-time, with a focus on saving through employer-sponsored plans.
"This year we’re excited to add social media outreach as a part of our integrated campaign promoting the importance of saving for retirement," said Chuck Cornelio, president, Defined Contribution, Lincoln Financial Group. "By offering a Lincoln online forum, we’re tapping into the explosive popularity of online channels while reinforcing our belief that today’s savers want information and education in ways that are most convenient to them."
In addition, Lincoln is providing plan sponsors and participants with comprehensive communication and education tools designed to promote National Save for Retirement Week and help plan sponsors educate their plan participants about the many advantages of participating in an employer-sponsored retirement plan. The campaign also highlights the top five things plan sponsors can remind participants to do today to help achieve their retirement funding goals including:
- If you’re not enrolled, enroll today
- Increase your contributions
- Remember to rebalance
- Stay invested for the long term
- Consolidate your assets
Please visit us on Facebook at www.facebook.com/lincolnfinancialgroup. For more information on saving for retirement, please visit www.myconfidentfuture.com/retirement
About Lincoln Financial Group
Lincoln Financial Group is the marketing name for Lincoln National Corporation (NYSE:LNC - News) and its affiliates. With headquarters in the Philadelphia region, the companies of Lincoln Financial Group had assets under management of $164 billion as of June 30, 2011. Through its affiliated companies, Lincoln Financial Group offers: annuities; life, group life, disability and dental insurance; 401(k) and 403(b) plans; savings plans; and comprehensive financial planning and advisory services. For more information, including a copy of our most recent SEC reports containing our balance sheets, please visit www.LincolnFinancial.com.


text:
This sleigh is packaged to the brim but has room for one more! The present folds in and is easily removed to show your family’s greatest gifts.
This set includes:
- Flat printed full color card with slit on sled and folded present insert that tucks through card
- Flat printed white envelope with bird illustration on flap


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It may be all one gigantic coincidence, or Charlie Cox may really be in Spider-Man: No Way Home. Tuesday afternoon, the San Antonio-based Celebrity Fan Fest revealed the Daredevil alumnus cancelled an upcoming convention appearance because of a "last-minute filming schedule" change. At the same time, fans have started to find evidence suggesting production on No Way Home is beginning to pick back up for additional photography, a step in the production process Kevin Feige says is instrumental for a film's success.
The convention appearance was expected to take place between August 6th and August 7th, but now Cox will be filming a new project. Any announced projects the actor has been attached to — namely Irish drama Kin — has already wrapped production. The actor behind Marvel's Man Without Fear was expected to attend the convention alongside Jessica Jones star Krysten Ritter.
THE SAD NEWS:— Celebrity Fan Fest (@CelebFanFest) July 20, 2021
Unfortunately, due to last-minute filming schedule changes, Charlie Cox will no longer join us for #CelebrityFanFest. But don’t worry, if you sent in an item to SWAU for an autograph or still want to, he’s graciously agreed to make sure everything gets signed.
Interestingly enough, Marvel's She-Hulk is also currently filming, another show Cox has been rumored to appear in. The series has previously been described as a courtroom comedy and Matt Murdock, of course, is one of Marvel's most well-known lawyers.
Marvel Studios has yet to confirm the actor's return after Daredevil was unceremoniously cancelled by Netflix after three acclaimed seasons on the streamer. When Feige was asked about the actor's return earlier this January, the producer played coy with his response.
"I look at anything that's happened before, whether it's our movies, whether it's Marvel Entertainment TV series, and, particularly, obviously, the comics, video games, cartoons ... all of it is available as inspiration for the future of Marvel," Feige shared with Collider when asked if the MCU would incorporate elements from the Netflix series. "That's the way the comics have worked for 80 years. So, we'll see."
All three seasons of Daredevil are now streaming on Netflix, while Spider-Man: No Way Home hit theaters on December 17th.
What other DefendersVerse characters would you like to see reintroduced to the MCU? Let us know your thoughts either in the comments section or by hitting our writer @AdamBarnhardt up on Twitter to chat all things MCU!


The Dieselpunk Podcast Rogue Aviator Interview - Episode #204
John Pyka Productions and BDC Entertainment presents The Dieselpunk Podcast - The Voice of Dieselpunk!
"Big Daddy Cool" and Eric Fisk kick back in the podcast lounge to chat with Dylan Schaefer and some of the cast of The Rogue Aviator, a brand new Dieselpunk play produced by Otherworld Theatre in Chicago!
Check out Otherworld Theatre and get tickets to see The Rogue Aviator at www.otherworldtheatre.org!
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Listen to more episodes at www.dieselpunkpodcast.com!
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It is Free


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Cancelled – Assessing Global Change in the Anthropocene
Cancelled! From agriculture to industry to urbanization, human activity has had an immense impact on the ecosystems of the Earth. How can we measure the resulting changes in natural systems?
In this project course, we discuss global climate change and other environmental consequences of human activity in Canada and around the world. We also develop statistical techniques for analyzing the effect of these environmental factors on individuals, populations, communities, and ecosystems, and for using historical data to predict future trends. Finally, for the course project, you will perform your own analysis of the observed and projected impacts of your chosen aspect of global change.
Registration information. This course will be offered in Winter 2021. It is listed on Aurora under Science Interdisciplinary, course number SCI 2000, section T08, CRN 60546.
One of STAT 1000 or STAT 1150 is required. BIOL 1030 is strongly recommended.
For more information, please contact Dr. Jennifer Vaughan
Expected Course Content
We will begin with a review of global environmental climate change in the Anthropocene, followed by a focus on Canada. We will also discuss how to measure the impacts of environmental change on individual behaviour, population dynamics, and biodiversity. Sources of biotic and abiotic data will be introduced at the beginning of the course.
The statistics content will be driven by the needs of the project. Topics may include multiple linear regression, data visualization, and hypothesis testing.
Class time will be given for the course project during weeks 9 – 12. Working in teams, you will use the statistical techniques learned in class to carry out the following tasks.
- Formulate a hypothesis concerning one of the available datasets, then implement the appropriate statistical analysis to test that hypothesis. Submit a report on your hypothesis, procedure and conclusions.
- Use existing climate data for a particular city or region to predict future changes from past ones, and discuss the expected impact of those changes.


US - The Chicago Board of Education has claimed the state is acting unconstitutionally in contributing more into the statewide Teachers' Retirement System, compared to the Chicago teachers pension fund.
According to reports, Chicago received US$75m of contributions from the state into its pension fund last year, compared to the Teachers' Retirement System which received $738m of contributions.
PwC, KPMG, EY and Deloitte must break up their consultancy and audit businesses into distinct firms to provide greater focus on the "most challenging and objective audits", the competition watchdog has said.
The Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) has released its first batch of guidance setting out how the guaranteed minimum pension (GMP) conversion legislation may be used to resolve unequal payments.
This week's top stories include the government spending £800,000 on a Gogglebox advert and MPs writing to The Pensions Regulator about its engagement with the Railways Pension Scheme.