By now we all understand that DNA analysis is the new fingerprinting. Most states have laws on their books allowing for the collection and retention of DNA from suspects in a crime. The only problem with these laws is that if the suspect turns out to be innocent, his or her DNA remains in the database. It is not right for someone who was not convicted of a crime to have his or her DNA on record.
Supporters of these laws point out all of the successful convictions that come about as a result. Many different types of criminals have been caught because of DNA collected as a result of nonviolent crimes. In California, DNA evidence has most notably led to the arrest of the infamous, “Grim Sleeper.” With such positive results, naturally it would seem to be sensible to keep the database and continue adding samples to it; yet, past successes alone must not justify the retention of “innocent” DNA.
When DNA profiling first started, the big debate was whether or not taking a part of a person’s genetic code could be considered compelling them to testify against themselves. After all, if DNA is unique to the individual, how can it not literally be incriminating yourself for your DNA to reveal your guilt? However, as with fingerprinting, the courts accepted DNA as legitimate evidence and not a violation of Fifth Amendment rights.
The argument today is over whether innocent people should be included in the same collection of records as criminals, which does not discriminate based on prior convictions. In California alone, 300,000 people each year are arrested on suspicion of felonies. Of that group, about 100,000 are never convicted or charged with a crime. There is a process by which such people can get their DNA removed from the database, but the odds are not good given how time- consuming the process is, especially since the DNA may remain anyway.
Considering that California convicts two-thirds of suspects with or without the DNA collection, it does not seem that horrible to exempt suspects who are not convicted. Such people would be cross-matched with convicted felons even though they didn’t do anything to deserve the distinction. We do not live in a police state that keeps tabs on everyone, yet these laws are allowing that notion to become a reality. I’d rather not take the chance that somehow a mistake is made, and because my DNA is on record, I somehow become a suspect or a person of interest.
Paranoia aside, the basic idea behind a DNA database is smart, and it is an effective way to combat crime. There is no disputing that DNA analysis has revolutionized the way we fight crime, not only helping to solve elusive cases, but also helping to pardon the wrongly convicted. But what are advocates of this position trying to accomplish by storing innocent people’s DNA? While the odds are low that an innocent person will be wrongly convicted, the odds are similarly low that an actual criminal will be caught by keeping an otherwise innocent suspect’s sample.
For these rare lucky matches, the majority of wrongly suspected and innocent people have to forever be in the system. Considering California’s two-thirds conviction rate, if criminals are likely to repeat their behavior then we’ll get the bad guys eventually. And considering that wrongly arrested individuals are far less likely than convicted felons to run afoul of the law or be arrested a second time, there’s no reason to keep their DNA on record. Surely for the sake of these people’s rights and liberties, we could draw a line in the sand, and focus on the real criminals; not the innocent.
Kerry Wakely is a third-year political science major. He can be reached at email@example.com.


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The course is divided into four parts or modules comprising:
- Company Secretarial Practice (CSP)
Aims: To provide an understanding of the application of the work of a company secretary, including the administrative procedures involved. This module covers: The Company Secretary, Directors, Company formation, Memorandum and Articles, Loan Capital Statutory Registers and Statutory returns and Stock Exchange requirements.
- Share Registration Practice (SRP)
Aims: To provide an understanding of the application of statutory provisions and Stock Exchange regulations and practice to the work of the company’s registrar, including the administrative procedures involved based upon established and best practice. Topics covered include: The Company Registrar, Register of Members and Register of Debenture Stockholders, Share Transfer Procedure and Registration, Legal Documentation, Dividends, New Issues and Takeovers and Approved Employee Share Schemes.
- Law & Practice of Meetings (LPM)
Aims: To provide an understanding and ability to apply law and practice of meetings to enable students to fulfil duties including advising the chairman on matters of procedures. Syllabus covers definition of a meeting, general principles of law and practice of meetings, types of meetings, conduct and management of meetings: requisites of valid meetings, powers and duties of the Chairman and Secretary, Law of defamation relating to meetings, Company meeting types and conduct.
- Financial Services Regulatory Knowledge (FSRK)
Aims: to develop an understanding of the work and practice of the Financial Services Industry and the regulatory controls as they apply to organisations and investors. Topics covered include regulatory structure of the Financial Services Industry, regulatory controls over how the financial markets operate, regulatory controls over financial businesses, regulatory relationships between client and customer, investor rights, control over key staff and product development.
Students are assessed by means of four one-hour closed book examinations (with ten minutes reading time for each).
Students will take two examinations in February and two examinations in June.
The examinations are set by the College with moderation by the ICSA.
The results given to students correspond with the percentage ranges shown below:
Upon successful completion of all four module students will be awarded a certificate from ICSA.
Students who just want the practical knowledge do not need to pass the exams but will be given a KCB certificate of attendance.
The cost of the CCSP course is £1200. This includes tuition of all four modules, revision before the examinations, a study book for each of the four modules and the first attempt of each examination.
Fees should be paid in full before the course begins.
Payment can be made by bank transfer, cheque or by debit/credit card in person. Please note that card payment cannot be made over the telephone.
Students can apply to start the course in either October completing in June (9 months)
or, February completing the following February (12 months with a summer break)
Students can choose to attend either:
- The evening course held on one evening per week (Wednesday 18:00 – 21:00) with weekend revision courses held in January and May prior to the exams, or
- The online course held on one afternoon per week (Tuesday 15:00 – 17:00) with online revision courses held in January and May prior to the exams.
Students must complete all four modules within 9 months/1 year unless they have valid mitigating circumstances preventing this. The maximum permitted course duration for completion with approved mitigating circumstances is 3 years.
CCSP evening timetable for February 2017
CCSP online timetable for February 2017
There are no formal academic entry requirements for admission to the course as the emphasis of the course is practical, though it is recommended that the student has previous work experience preferably in a related occupation.
If you do not have any suitable professional experience then you should carefully consider the level and breadth of the qualification and the amount of study required before registering.
All ICSA material is produced in English. All examinations are conducted in English.
If English is not your first language, we recommend a score of six or above on the International English Language Testing System (IELTS) or equivalent. It will help if you have previously studied other subjects or have done an essay-style assessment in English before.
HOW TO APPLY
If you would like to apply for this course please complete the below application form and return it to the college together with your payment.
GO TO APPLICATION FORM
Sponsored students should provide a letter from their sponsor. This letter should state that you are being sponsored for the duration of this course and to whom/where they would like the invoice sent to.
This course is not appropriate for international students who require sponsorship for immigration purposes.
Students who want to join the course do not need to apply to become a student member of the ICSA but should apply directly to KCB.

domain: law


text:
Westlake, Ohio, is a suburb of Cleveland, located about 12 miles west of the city. Westlake features the Crocker Park area, an outdoor mall built to look like a small French village. An affluent suburb, Westlake provides a wide range of dining options, including one steeped in the history of the prohibition era.
The Brio Tuscan Grill (brioitalian.com) is on Crocker Park Boulevard and in a large shopping center that includes a 16-screen movie theater and a Borders Bookstore. This is a chain restaurant with five locations in Ohio and more across the country. This restaurant serves Tuscan-inspired dishes that include dinner entrees such as artichoke crusted beef medallions and citrus chicken with shrimp scampi. This restaurant has enough space to handle banquets, receptions and parties. The Sweet Basil Neapolitan Style Pizzeria (sweetbasilpizza.com) is on Center Ridge Road and next door to the Time Warp Bar. This pizzeria offers signature pies such as the eggplant Parmesan and the special, which includes sausage, sirloin and bacon. Build your own pizza using 31 toppings, including pine nuts, black olives and clam. The Sweet Basil also serves calzones and salads.
Café Tandoor (cafetandoorcleveland.com) has three greater Cleveland locations, including its Westlake location. Food here is cooked in the tandoori style, which originated in India. Special dishes include the tandoori salmon and the machhi kabob. The Thai Spice (thaispice.weebly.com) serves dishes from Thailand and Vietnam. The Thai Spice features a full line of vegetarian dishes, including a tofu pad Thai and a vegetarian rainbow. The restaurant also specializes in roasted duck dishes.
The White Oaks Restaurant (white-oaks.com) is one of the oldest restaurants in the Cleveland metro area. It was established in 1928 and is located on Cahoon Road near the Dove Junction Shopping Center. During prohibition it was a popular place to get a steak and a nip of Canadian whiskey. Today the White Oaks only serves dinner in the restaurant, while it serves lunch in the lounge. The restaurant features a wide range of dishes that are based on meats such as seafood, veal, lamb, chicken, beef, game and pork. The White Oaks has a range of desserts, including crème de menthe parfait, and hazelnut and chocolate boule. There is also an extensive wine list.
The Stonehouse Grill (stonehousegrill.com) is on Center Ridge Road. The Stonehouse serves a range of appetizers, salads, soups, subs, burgers, pitas and dinner entrees. The Stonehouse also serves 10 styles of pizzas, has a menu for kids younger than 12 and nine types of sides. The Stonehouse also has specialty nights, including pizza, Mexican dishes and fish. The Rusty Barrel (www.rustybarrel.com) is a restaurant and bar in a sports-bar type atmosphere that includes a variety of televisions throughout the establishment. Appetizers include the "Rusty Barrel" platter, which features your choice of four items such as mozzarella sticks, wings, chicken tenders, fries, poppers, potato skins and loaded nachos. The Rusty Barrel also has a range of sandwiches, burgers and beers.
M.C. Postins has been a writer and editor since 1995. His work has appeared in newspapers, magazines and websites across the country, such as the "Charlotte Sun-Herald" and the "Denton Record-Chronicle." He received a Bachelor of Arts degree in journalism from Stephen F. Austin State University.

domain: food


The price of hydraulic agricultural straw baler is a kind of pellet fuel forming machine using corn agricultural straw, rice straw agricultural straw, sawdust, wood powder, sawdust and other agricultural discards as materials. The pellets made by this machine can be used in fireplaces, boilers, and gas. The use of chemical furnaces and biomass power plants. With the development of skills, the skills of agricultural straw balers for power generation are gradually getting old, and the use of agricultural straw balers for power generation has good benefits.
With the development of biomass power generation technology, the use of agricultural straw balers fits the needs of my country's economic development at that time. As we know, our country is the most populous country in the world, but its primary power reserves are small, during which coal reserves are 1/10 of the world's, oil reserves are 1/40 of the world, and natural gas reserves are 1/100 of the world. Per capita possession is lower.
Therefore, the renewable power produced by the agricultural straw baler is used for power generation, and every 2t of agricultural straw is appropriate 1t of standard coal. The total amount of biomass resources that can be developed in China is about 500 million tons of standard coal in the short term, and 1 billion tons in the long term. The standard coal metal briquetting machine can directly cold-press powdered cast iron scraps, steel scraps, copper scraps, aluminum scraps, high-quality mineral powder, etc. into cakes for storage, transportation, and recycling. After being restricted into blocks, the loss is extremely low when put into the furnace and recovered. The whole production process does not require heating, adding additives or other processes, and is directly cold-pressed to form. The forming also ensures that the original raw materials are unchanged. For example, cast iron scraps are used instead of cast pig iron after forming. With regard to castings of special raw materials, it means more to retract. Has a good social meaning.
In addition, the infection caused by the incineration of agricultural straw balers is very low, and the pollution of biomass power can be ignored. In 2006, the combined installed capacity of coal-fired power generation in my country has reached
4. 84×10s kW, 1.2 billion tons of coal is used every year, S02 emissions reach 20 million tons, and dust emissions are about 3 million tons. Hydraulic agricultural straw baler, also known as strapping machine, strapping machine or strapping machine, is used The strapping strap binds the product or the package, then tightens it and joins the two ends through the hot melt bonding method of the heating iron. The function of the agricultural straw baler is to reinforce the packaged goods, so that the goods will not be scattered due to inadequate tying during transportation and storage, and the tying should be neat and beautiful. With biomass power generation, the proportion of sulfur contained in agricultural straw is only 0.125%, which is appropriate for 1/10 of the proportion of coal.
At present, the utilization rate of agricultural straw is low in most regions of our country. Farmers use incineration to process agricultural straw, which constitutes flue gas that infects highways and airports, which increases many traffic accidents and also causes the closure of airports. The use of agricultural straws for power generation has reduced the S02 and NO brought by coal-fired power plants. To air pollution, reduce coal ash dust emissions, and control the burning of agricultural straw on the spot to constitute a traffic accident, which is a great thing for the country and the people. Has a good meaning.
Through the above analysis, the selection of agricultural straw baler for sawdust production has good economic and social benefits. The metal briquetting machine can directly cold press powdered cast iron, steel, copper, aluminum, and high-quality mineral powder. The cakes can be stored, transported and put into the furnace for recycling. After being restricted into blocks, the loss is extremely low when put into the furnace and recovered.
The whole production process does not require heating, adding additives or other processes, and is directly cold-pressed to form. The forming also ensures that the original raw materials are unchanged. For example, cast iron scraps are used instead of cast pig iron after forming. With regard to castings of special raw materials, it means more to retract. It was a sought-after job that was funded at that time to achieve multiple benefits in one fell swoop, supported by our country's policy.
Our company is committed to the production of balers, with a complete range of features such as reasonable design, beautiful models, convenient operation, and accurate accuracy. In the future, we will continue to research and innovate to better serve consumers and make consumers more assured.for more information ,please visit :www.nickbaler.net
Now that the application of plastic bottle balers has become more and more extensive, what preparations should we make when applying this product?
Next, let's follow the editor to find out.
The plastic bottle baler works for a long time and reaches a certain service life. In order to make the equipment play the overall value, the old parts need to be replaced. There are several aspects that need attention in the process of replacing the cylinder of the plastic bottle baler.
According to the correct disassembly method, on the one hand, the disassembly process is smooth and not damage the equipment; on the other hand, it is also to take care of safety issues.
Before disassembling the hydraulic cylinder of the mineral water bottle Baler, drain the hydraulic oil in the two chambers of the hydraulic cylinder, then remove the end cover, and then pull out the piston rod and piston for disassembly.
When disassembling the parts, don't beat them forcefully. If it is unavoidable, a copper rod should be used to prevent damage to the parts of the Baler.
Some parts need tools, must use tools, do not beat or pry hard.
Some bolt-fastened parts use thread tightening agent during assembly, which is difficult to disassemble. If disassembling may break the bolts, the exposed part of the bolts can be heated to make the glue fall off before disassembling. .
When disassembling the hydraulic cylinder of the plastic bottle Baler, pay attention to whether there is a hydraulic lock on the cylinder. If so, remove the hydraulic lock first, otherwise there will be pressure from the hydraulic lock in the hydraulic cylinder, which will not only cause difficulty in disassembly, but also easy Cause equipment and personal injury.
When the hydraulic lock is removed, several layers of clean cotton cloth can be used to wrap the connecting part, and then loosen the screw to prevent high-pressure oil from spraying out.
NICKBALER plastic bottle Baling Press machine manufacturers have accumulated mature production technology for many years, and we are committed to providing customers with good service, low-cost and high-quality products. www.nickbaler.net
With the further improvement of our environmental awareness, the utilization rate of beverage bottle Baling Press machines continues to increase.
Individual users ordered beverage bottle Balers that failed due to poor inspections, causing commercial investment failures, production failures and waste of funds.
In order to meet market demand, many manufacturers without production experience and strength are imitating production.
The equipment produced has only appearance, without any substance, and quality cannot be controlled.
Next, let us understand the harmful consequences of not ordering the waste paper baler.
Beverage bottle Balers that cannot be ordered, equipment cannot be used, production cannot be carried out, all investments cannot create value, and the harmful consequences of investment costs cannot be recovered.
For beverage bottle packaging machines, all investments must be at least 300,000 yuan. For ordinary investors, this is definitely not a small amount. It may cause heavy debts and serious bankruptcy consequences.
In view of the serious harmful consequences of the packaging of beverage bottles that are not ordered, you must go to the manufacturer’s site for on-site inspection to determine whether the equipment logo is produced by the manufacturer.
We often encounter customer inquiries about how to choose a horizontal and vertical waste paper baler. What is the difference between the two? Let's analyze this problem for you. Welcome everyone to pay attention.
The vertical waste paper baler is a small-scale baling station or equipment selected in the case of insufficient initial funds. In addition, the vertical baler can pack the waste generated in the production of wool, shreds, rags, etc., and is used on a small scale. The product.
Horizontal waste paper baler is now the mainstream equipment used in waste paper baling stations, which can satisfy more than ten tons of paper per day. Can prepare for future scale expansion.
For raw materials such as yellow cardboard, air-conditioned cartons, etc., you can choose a conventional horizontal waste paper baler, and for raw materials with paper edges, you can choose a small horizontal baler.
If the daily waste paper recycling business volume is large, it is wise to choose a horizontal baler. If the business volume is small, it is recommended to choose a vertical waste paper baler to save the purchase cost.


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A highly sustainable dog coat which can be personalised with your very own design from our design booklet! This dog coat is waterproof, fashionable and most of all it is hi-viz to make your dog seen by cars in day and night! Our dog coat is sustainably sourced as we re-use hi-viz jacket to make our very own dog coats that protect your dog from all weather while making sure they are safe on the road!
Delivery cost: £1-£5 depending on distance from us
Delivery will be via postal parcel
No product returns

domain: pet


text:
- March 27, 2023
CaRaVaN Open Mic - Live at X-Cues
Starts: 7:30 PM
Ends: 10:00 PM
Location: X-Cues Cafe & Lounge, 551 Sargent Ave, Winnipeg, MB R3B 1W4, Canada
CaRaVaN Open Mic + Open Stage is live every Monday night at X-Cues Café & Lounge in Winnipeg. Sign up begins at 6:30 PM, with the show running 7 to 9:30ish.
As always, musicians performing will get 2 songs, while all others will have approximately 5 minutes to do their thing.
On Mondays when we can't be at X-Cues, the show will switch to a fully-virtual format on Instagram Live.
View on Google Calendar >

domain: entertainment


Table of Contents
As a car owner, you rely on your vehicle to get you from point A to point B safely and efficiently. Your car’s engine oil plays a crucial role in keeping your engine running smoothly and preventing costly repairs. In this article, we will discuss the symptoms of low oil in a car and provide tips on how to prevent engine damage.
Engine oil is a lubricant that helps keep the engine’s moving parts working smoothly together. It also helps to absorb heat and prevent the engine from overheating. Over time, the oil in your car breaks down, becomes contaminated with dirt and debris, and loses its effectiveness. This is why it’s essential to change your oil regularly, according to your car’s manufacturer’s recommendations.
Low oil levels can lead to serious engine damage, resulting in costly repairs and even engine failure. In the next section, we will discuss the common symptoms of low oil in a car, so you can detect them early and prevent damage to your engine.
What is Engine Oil and Why is it Important?
Definition of Engine Oil
Engine oil, also known as motor oil, is a lubricant used in car engines to reduce friction and wear on moving parts. It is typically made up of base oils and additives that help to improve its properties, such as viscosity, thermal stability, and resistance to oxidation.
Purpose of Engine Oil in Car Engines
Engine oil plays a vital role in keeping your car’s engine running smoothly. It lubricates the engine’s moving parts, such as the pistons, crankshaft, and camshaft, reducing friction and wear. It also helps to cool the engine by absorbing and dissipating heat, preventing the engine from overheating.
Importance of Regular Oil Changes
Regular oil changes are crucial to maintaining the health of your car’s engine. Over time, the oil in your car breaks down, becomes contaminated with dirt and debris, and loses its effectiveness. This can lead to increased engine wear, reduced performance, and even engine failure.
To prevent engine damage, it’s recommended to change your oil every 5,000 to 7,500 miles, depending on your car’s manufacturer’s recommendations. This will help to ensure that your engine is properly lubricated and protected, extending its lifespan and saving you money on costly repairs.
Symptoms of Low Oil in Car
Driving with low oil levels can cause significant damage to your engine. Here are some common symptoms of low oil in a car that you should be aware of:
Warning lights on dashboard
One of the most noticeable signs of low oil levels is the warning light on your dashboard. The oil pressure warning light or engine oil level indicator light will illuminate when your car’s oil pressure drops below the recommended level. If this happens, you should stop driving your car immediately and check your oil levels.
Engine noise and knocking sounds
Low oil levels can cause your engine to make unusual noises, including knocking or tapping sounds. These noises occur because the engine’s moving parts are not lubricated correctly, causing them to grind against each other. If you hear any strange engine noises, it’s essential to check your oil levels immediately.
Decreased fuel efficiency
Low oil levels can cause your car’s fuel efficiency to decrease. This happens because your engine has to work harder to function without sufficient lubrication. If you notice a sudden decrease in your car’s fuel efficiency, it’s essential to have your oil levels checked.
Engine oil helps to regulate the temperature of your engine. When your oil levels are low, your engine can overheat, causing severe damage. If your engine overheats, stop driving your car immediately and have it towed to a mechanic.
Smell of burning oil
If you smell burning oil when driving your car, it’s a sign that your engine oil levels are low. The smell occurs because the oil is not adequately lubricating the moving parts of your engine, causing them to overheat and burn.
Low oil levels can cause your car to emit blue or white smoke from the exhaust pipe. This occurs because the oil is not lubricating the engine adequately, causing it to burn oil and emit smoke.
In the next section, we will discuss the effects of driving with low oil levels and how you can prevent engine damage.
Effects of Driving with Low Oil
Damage to Engine Components
When your car’s engine oil level is low, the engine’s moving parts aren’t lubricated correctly. This can cause friction between the metal components, leading to excessive wear and tear. Over time, the engine’s components can become damaged, resulting in costly repairs.
Costly Engine Repairs
If you continue to drive your car with low oil levels, the engine’s components can become damaged beyond repair. This can result in a complete engine failure, which is incredibly costly to repair or replace. In some cases, it may be more cost-effective to replace the entire car than to repair or replace the engine.
Reduced Car Lifespan
Driving your car with low oil levels can also reduce the overall lifespan of your vehicle. The engine is the heart of your car, and if it’s not functioning correctly, it can affect other parts of your car’s system. This can result in additional wear and tear on your car, reducing its overall lifespan and value.
In conclusion, driving your car with low oil levels can have severe consequences, including engine damage, costly repairs, and a reduced car lifespan. It’s essential to check your car’s oil levels regularly and change the oil according to your car manufacturer’s recommendations. By doing so, you can prevent engine damage and keep your car running smoothly for years to come.
How to Check and Top Up Engine Oil
Properly maintaining your engine oil level is critical in preventing engine damage. Here’s a step-by-step guide on how to check and top up your engine oil:
Step-by-Step Guide on How to Check Oil Level
- Park your car on level ground and turn off the engine.
- Open the hood of your car and locate the oil dipstick.
- Pull the dipstick out and wipe it clean with a cloth.
- Reinsert the dipstick all the way in, then pull it out again.
- Check the oil level on the dipstick. It should be between the minimum and maximum marks.
If your oil level is low, it’s important to top it up as soon as possible. Here’s how:
Importance of Using the Correct Oil Type and Grade
Before topping up your engine oil, it’s essential to use the correct oil type and grade. Check your car’s owner’s manual for the recommended oil type and grade. Using the wrong oil can lead to engine damage and may void your car’s warranty.
Instructions on How to Add More Oil If Necessary
- Locate the oil filler cap on top of the engine and unscrew it.
- Insert a funnel into the oil filler hole and pour in a small amount of oil.
- Wait a few minutes for the oil to settle, then check the oil level again.
- Continue adding oil in small amounts until the oil level is between the minimum and maximum marks on the dipstick.
- Screw the oil filler cap back on and start the engine. Check the oil level again to ensure it’s at the proper level.
By following these simple steps, you can maintain your car’s engine oil level and prevent costly engine damage. Remember to check your oil level regularly and change your oil according to your car manufacturer’s recommendations.
In conclusion, understanding the symptoms of low oil in a car is crucial for maintaining the longevity and performance of your vehicle. By regularly checking your oil level and topping up when necessary, you can prevent costly engine damage and ensure your car runs smoothly.
Remember to always use the recommended oil type and grade for your car and change your oil according to the manufacturer’s recommendations. Neglecting your car’s oil can result in costly repairs and decreased lifespan.
At Auto Oil And Fluid, we strive to provide useful tips and tricks for car owners to maintain and improve their vehicle’s performance. By following the advice outlined in this article, you can ensure your car stays in top shape and avoid any unnecessary engine damage.
If you’re experiencing any symptoms of low oil in your car or have any questions about maintaining your vehicle, don’t hesitate to contact a trusted mechanic or refer to your car’s owner’s manual. Keep your car running smoothly and enjoy the ride!


text:
American homeowners increasingly are drawn to adding outdoor rooms for entertaining and recreation on their properties, according to the 2013 conducted by the . The results also show demand for sustainable and low-maintenance design.
Landscape architects who specialize in residential design across the country were asked to rate the expected popularity of a variety of residential outdoor design elements in 2013. The category of outdoor living spaces, defined as kitchens and entertainment spaces, received a 94.5 percent rating as somewhat or very popular. It all but tied with gardens and landscaped spaces at 94.4 percent.
Across all categories, 97 percent of respondents rated fire pits and fireplaces as somewhat or very in-demand for 2013, followed by grills (96.3 percent), seating and dining areas (96.3 percent), and lighting (95.1 percent).
“In this uncertain economy, homeowners want to get more enjoyment out of their yards,” said ASLA executive vice president and CEO Nancy Somerville, Hon. ASLA. “They want attractive outdoor spaces that are both easy to take care of and sustainable.”
Decorative water elements—including waterfalls, ornamental pools, and splash pools—were predicted to be in demand for home landscapes (90.9 percent). Spas (81.5 percent) and pools (75.3 percent) are also expected to be popular.
Terraces, patios, and decks are high on people’s lists (97.6 percent), as are fencing (89.6 percent) and ornamental water features (84.2 percent).
Americans still prefer such practical yet striking design elements for their gardens as low-maintenance landscapes (93.9 percent) and native plants (86.6 percent), with organic slightly increasing in popularity (65.3 percent compared to 61.2 percent in 2011). In keeping with the local food movement, more people are opting for food and vegetable gardens, including orchards and vineyards (82.7 percent).
Besides planting locally and organically, other sustainable elements continue their popularity with homeowners. Native or drought-tolerant plants (83 percent), drip irrigation (82.5 percent), permeable paving (72.8 percent) and reduced lawns (72.6 percent) are making their way into outdoor living spaces across the country.
Reprinted from forresidendentialpros.com

domain: design


text:
Denoting power & progress, Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaja Terminus towers proudly as a marvel of architectural splendour in Mumbai.
The Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus (CSMT) towers majestically in the heart of Mumbai and since its establishment, it has watched the city evolve as one of the fastest flourishing metropolitan cities of India. A marvellous specimen of Victorian and European gothic school of architecture, the design of this C-shaped building boasts of unique elements which give it a typical Bombay-vintage charm. This sprawling terminal was built over a period of 10 years starting in 1878 and since then, it scaled to become of the busiest railway terminus across India! Before the COVID pandemic handicapped public travel here, the CSMT recorded a high footfall of approximately 3 million riders, every day.
A constant in the ever-changing Bambai Nagariya
Built as a tribute to commemorate the golden jubilee reign of Queen Victoria of England, this terminus was established in 1888, which also signifies its erstwhile name - Victoria Terminus. An exceptional example of the British Commonwealth architecture, this building is uniquely Indian with its deep verandahs for ventilation, blending with the polychrome masonry and intricate sculptural ornamentation, brought to life by local artisans.
Later in 1996, it was named after the legendary Maratha leader, Chattra Shivaji Maharaja and as of 2017, it has been popularised by the name of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus. A true constant of the city, this building has stood through the tides of times, changes and growth without losing its grand aura! A symbolic icon of power and progress in Mumbai- the Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus is a material testimony of the city's existence itself!
Enchanting design, built to impress
The building was designed by British architect Frederick William Stevens and is an extraction of the best features of the Victorian Gothic design, including London's St. Pancras Railway Station, sculpted to perfection by locals artisans on familiar stones. It has multiple elements ranging from arches to vestibules, from tympana to gargoyles drainage spouts!
The facade is the most beautiful part of the building, consisting of a multitude of arch designs, styles and surface ornamentations, which is bound to leave one speechless. Not just that, the building was designed to impress and flaunts the usage of several types of stones, that categorially expound its allure. The central structure is moulded in yellow Malad stone while the softer white Porbandar stone is used for the elaborate detailing. Red sandstone and grey basalt highlight the archways, adding dimension and beauty to them.
The main entrance gate to the railway station has two pillars. On one is a mounted lion, representing Great Britain and the other has a tiger, symbolic of the Indian heritage. As an allegorical tribute to India's vibrant culture and heritage, a feathered peacock has been carved on the tympanum facade. Beyond the glorious outlook, the station interiors are no less magnificent and have been restored too, as the terminus is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. It shines today as a reflection of its past brilliance, with a renewed golden radiance of its contemporary presence.
If Mumbai were a book, the Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus will probably be one of those chapters that ground and introduce the readers to the story, keeping them hooked till the very end. With all that it holds and all that it represents, this building is pivotal to Bombay's past, present and future. Each evening, the building is lit up with colourful lights, adding a modern touch to its erstwhile grandeur. Call it a castle, a fortress or a railway station, Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus is one-of-a -kind and you have to witness its resplendence, at least once for sure!

domain: history


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DESCRIPTION: Block of 2 No(s) 4-bedroom flat with 2-room boys’ quarter located at Alhaji Bashorun Street, Southwest Ikoyi, Ikoyi, Lagos. The building, which sits on a land measuring approximately 560 square meters has great developmental potential TITLE: Federal Land Certificate.
DESCRIPTION: 4-Bay warehouse on a land measuring approximately 10,276.598 square metres at Morrison Crescent, Oregun, Ikeja, Lagos. This property enjoys ample parking space while benefiting proximity to major access routes within and outside Lagos State. TITLE: Registered Conveyance.
The building comes fully fitted with the best of household appliances. A unique, centrally controlled integrated entertainment system. The very latest security systems, a 150kva generator to guarantee round the clock electricity. A mini mart to provide everyday needs of the estates’ inhabitants. ACCOMMODATION DETAILS: GROUND FLOOR Ante Room Kitchenette Living Room Dinning […]
A prime office development on 4 floors located along Opebi Road, this property has a lettable area of 1,300sqm. Each floor comprise a open plan space with 4 conveniences with provision for kitchenette. Accessibility to each of the floors is through 2 no(s) stairways and an elevator. This development has a basement with ample spaces […]
This development comprises of a building on 2 floors. Currently used as an eatery, it can suit a variety of purposes which includes bank space, church, mini-mart or mall. The building which sits on a land measuring approximately 750 square meters is located strategically along a busy road comes with ample parking spaces
For many Lagos residents, the name Dolphin Estate Ikoyi rings a bell as one of the abodes for the affluent in Nigeria’s “Centre of Excellence”. But for those who have visited the estate, the picture is that of two different worlds – luxury and squalor. Dolphin Estate was developed by Messrs HFP Engineering Nigeria Limited […]
IFE ADEDAPO writes on how real estate brokers can increase sale in a competitive business environment Experts have observed that the Nigerian real estate market recorded significant growth in last decade in response to demand for residential and commercial properties. They also note that the growth in commercial properties was driven by new investments in […]


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|More then 1,400 ! Thank you for your support!|
“Creativity makes our existence like life in the colours of the rainbow” – Lebedyns’ka Kateryna & Lebedyns’ka Yelyzaveta|
Welcome to our creative laboratory design studio TM Katrin-Elizabeth !
Let’s get acquainted!
Our equipment: digital SLR Canon 5D mark II camera , Canon 50mm f/1.8 lens, digital drawing tablets Wacom Intuos4, Swiss studio light Elinchrom, Italian tripod Manfrotto, backgrounds тм Katrin-Elizabeth and other accessories.

domain: artistic


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FTC Ends Google WiFi Inquiry, No Penalties Announced
Satisfied with Google’s recent emphasis on improving user privacy practices, the FTC has ended its investigation into Google’s collection of personal data earlier this year via its Street View photography service. The commission is not penalizing Google for what happened.
In a letter to Google attorneys dated October 27, 2010, David Vladeck of the FTC’s Bureau of Consumer Protection chastised Google for being oblivious to what its Street View cars were capturing as they drove the world’s streets:
[Google] did not discover that it had been collecting payload data until it responded to a request for information from a data protection authority. This indicates that Google’s internal review processes – both prior to the initiation of the project to collect data about wireless access points and after its launch – were not adequate to discover that the software would be collecting payload data, which was not necessary to fulfill the project’s business purpose.
Google recently announced that it’s done collecting WiFi data via Street View and appointed a new director of privacy, along with other internal measures to improve the company’s awareness of privacy principles. Vladeck recognized these moves in his letter, and encouraged Google to communicate further with the FTC about privacy issues as new products and services are developed.

domain: news


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The effect of commuting on the income assortativity of social network ties
28 July 2021 , 09:45 – 10:00 CEST
Conference talk at IC2S2
Authors: Eszter Bokanyi, Sándor Juhász, Márton Karsai and Balazs Lengyel
In this work, we investigate home-work locations and mutual followership ties of Twitter users from the top 50 metropolitan areas of the United States. We find that despite the heterogeneity of spatial structures in cities, above median commuting reduces the income assortativity of social networks by 30% on average.

domain: sociology


Regarding roofing solutions, the adhered roofing system stands out as a dependable and practical option for both residential and commercial properties. This innovative roofing technique has grown in popularity among construction professionals and property owners due to its exceptional durability, weather resistance, and simplicity of installation. This exhaustive SEO-optimized website content will examine all aspects of the adhered roofing system, including its definition, installation process, benefits, and maintenance.
Read on to discover everything you need to know about this cutting-edge roofing system, whether you’re a householder looking for a long-lasting roofing solution or a contractor seeking to understand the benefits of adhered roofing.
1. Understanding the Adhered Roofing System
The adhered roofing system, also known as fully adhered roofing, is a form of roofing installation in which the roofing material is directly and securely attached to the roof substrate using specialized adhesives. This technique eliminates the need for mechanical fasteners such as nails and screws by forming a continuous, watertight seal between the roofing material and the roof platform. Because of their exceptional flexibility and durability, single-ply membranes, such as EPDM, TPO, and PVC, are the most common roofing materials used in adhered roofing systems.
2. The Installation Process
Several critical stages are involved in installing an adhered roofing system, contributing to its long-lasting performance. The roof deck is inspected and prepared to ensure it is spotless, dry, and debris-free. Next, a high-quality roofing adhesive is evenly applied to the substrate to create an even and robust bonding surface. The single-ply roofing membrane is then meticulously set on top of the glue and rolled to create a strong bond.
Heat-welding or chemically sealing the edges and seams creates a seamless and waterproof roofing solution. A final quality assurance inspection ensures the adhered roofing system is ready to withstand the elements.
3. Benefits of an Adhered Roofing System
- The entirely adhered roofing system creates a continuous and watertight seal, leaving no gaps or vulnerable areas for water infiltration. This extraordinary weather resistance reduces the risk of leaks and water damage by allowing the roof to withstand heavy rain, snow, and even extreme weather conditions.
- Enhanced Energy Efficiency: By minimizing air leakage and heat transfer, the adhered roofing system increases the building’s energy efficiency. This can reduce heating and cooling costs, making it an environmentally beneficial and economical roofing option.
- Durability and longevity: adhered roofing systems are renowned for their durability and longevity. The secure bond between the roofing material and the substrate creates a formidable barrier against deterioration, ensuring the roof lasts for decades with minimal maintenance.
- Aesthetically Appealing: Due to the absence of visible fasteners, adhered roofing systems present an elegant and streamlined appearance. This spotless appearance enhances the property’s overall aesthetics and can increase its curb appeal.
- Sound Absorption: The adhered roofing system can aid in proper absorption, reducing external noise levels and creating a more tranquil interior environment.
4. Maintenance Tips for Adhered Roofing Systems
Even though adhered roofing systems require less maintenance than other roofing options, routine inspections are still necessary to ensure their continued performance. Here are some strategies for maintaining adhered roofing systems:
- Regular Examinations: Schedule periodic inspections by roofing professionals in order to identify and address potential problems before they worsen.
- Keep the roof’s surface clear of residue, leaves, and branches, as they can trap moisture and accelerate deterioration.
- Rapidly Addressing Repairs: Immediately address any damage or signs of deterioration to prevent further damage to the roofing system and the underlying structure.
- Periodically clean the roof surface to remove grime and algae, which can eventually compromise the integrity of the roofing material.
A roofing system that is adhered to offers many advantages, including exceptional weather resistance, energy efficiency, and aesthetic appeal. Its installation procedure, which involves secure bonding and meticulous attention to detail, guarantees a durable and dependable roofing solution for all properties. A properly maintained and regularly inspected adhered roofing system can provide property owners with years of protection and peace of mind.
Embrace the future of roofing technology with the attached roofing system and protect your home from the elements with this innovative roofing solution.
Contact VNO now:


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Daewoong Pharmaceutical is attracting industry watchers’ interest after it applied for the off-label prescription of Foistar (ingredient: camostat mesylate), a pancreatic drug being developed for treating Covid-19.
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Off-label prescription is made when physicians prescribe or administer a drug for purposes different from existing permission or reporting. Clinical trial centers and nursing facilities must receive approval from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA) for off-label use.
Daewoong’s Foistar can be used to treat Covid-19 patients once it wins regulatory approval through drug repositioning, unlike Celltrion’s antibody treatment Regkirona or GC Pharma’s plasma therapy GC5131A, which require official authorizations for use as treatments for Covid-19, according to industry watchers.
“The company decided to apply for an off-label prescription rather than the official approval for Foistar, as it had been used for a while,” a company official said.
Daewoong completed phase 2a trial of Foistar for mild Covid-19 patients last year and has received approval for phase 2/3 clinical plans from the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety. The company plans to begin the trial on 300 patients this month and check the interim results by mid-March.
Daewoong Pharmaceutical requested St. Mary’s Hospital to evaluate the drug within 15 days of submission. The medical institution will apply for approval to HIRA after its institutional review board (IRB) complete the assessment.
An official at St. Mary’s Hospital said, “Daewoong Pharmaceutical approached us for the proposal, but our IRB has not finished the review yet.”
Regarding the detailed schedule, Daewoong also refrained from making a direct comment, saying, “The hospital will be in charge of the application and other procedures.”
The company believes that the application for the off-label use of Foistar to be a turning point for its development.
HIRA can approve the drug for treating other conditions if the clinical data meets medical grounds and standards and is also deemed reasonable. In this process, the ministry also gets involved as it evaluates whether Foistar satisfies the criteria for approval.
Daewoong’s Foistar could take the lead in treating Covid-19 patients even before receiving conditional approval if HIRA authorizes its off-label use with the confirmation of IRB review. However, the public may also raise doubts about previous clinical trial results if the ministry and HIRA reject the application.
Last May, Eli Lilly applied for the off-label use of its rheumatoid arthritis treatment, Olumiant (ingredient: baricitinib), for treating Covid-19 in Korea. However, the government turned down the application due to insufficient medical evidence.
In rejecting the application, HIRA said, “We have turned down the application because the submitted data only suggested theoretical possibilities screened by artificial intelligence (AI), and the data also lacked medical evidence to back up the drug’s clinical use.”

domain: medical


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The Beatles are back! Computer wizardry reunites Fab Four and music fans
It is 40 years since The Beatles made their iconic Abbey Road album cover.
But decades on, the much-imitated snapshot of John, Paul, George and Ringo marching over the zebra crossing has been created into a fictional sequence featuring fans laughing, dancing and singing behind them.
The American tourist watches by the black police van as the Fab Four walk across Abbey Road - with Paul still out of step - in the advert for The Beatles: Rock Band
Abbey Road: The iconic album cover was shot on 8 August 1969
When the original shoot took place on 8 August 1969, the photographer snapped the striking in image in just 10 minutes, a little after 11.35am.
Bare-footed Paul McCartney was out of step with the others; long-haired John Lennon strode out in front.
But computer whizzkids would have us believe the moment was followed by a small party, as fans from the 21st century travelled back in time (or maybe they travelled forward) to follow them across the road's black and white stripes.
Boffins have recreated this photo shoot in an advert for the game The Beatles: Rock Band using archived footage of the band, live actors and computer imagery.
It sees the famous foursome crossing Abbey Road and then spins behind them to capture the view of the onlooker in the photograph, an American tourist who was not even aware he would feature on the famous cover.
The Beatles are followed by modern day fans, listening to Come Together, dancing and playing air guitar
The procession continues across the road, with the American tourist still watching
George Harrison looks mystified as he inspects the plastic 'guitar' used in the game
They cross to the other side of the road and turn, pleased with their work, to see modern-day fans crossing behind them.
One hands George Harrison the guitar-shaped controller and he examines it in apparent wonderment.
A large group follows, dancing to their hit track Come Together, which is from the Abbey Road album, some strumming air guitars, others holding controllers.
Paul McCartney watches the procession continue
John Lennon looks gleeful as the crowd dance across the road
Ringo Starr and John watch the crowd following them
The game, released on September 9, allows fans to be part of the band - onstage at historic shows, in the recording studios or in psychedelic landscapes.
The game has been developed with the blessing and critical input of Apple Corps, The Beatles' own company, including Sir Paul McCartney and Ringo Starr.
George Harrison's son Dhani has encouraged the game's creation, while Giles Martin, son of The Beatles' music producer George Martin, was able to assure high-fidelity audio from songs recorded on older mediums.
How the Fab Four appear in one of the psychedelic sequences
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Carson City Reminiscing with the Rockin’ Rev interviewing Ace Cannon & Duane Eddy
The Rockin’ Rev will interview music legends Ace Cannon and Duane Eddy on Reminiscing with the Rockin’ Rev, a weekly radio program that can be heard from 2 to 6 p.m. Saturdays on AM 1180 KCKQ or at http://www.americamatters.us.
The theme of Saturday’s program is “Instrumental Instrumentals,” highlighting great instrumentalists from the golden age of rock and roll.
At 3 p.m., the Rockin’ Rev will interview saxophonist Ace Cannon, who formerly played with the Bill Black Combo, the house band for Hi Records in Memphis. Cannon enjoyed five charted singles as a solo artist. His biggest hit, “Tuff,” was released in December 1961. At 5 p.m., the Rockin’ Rev will interview Duane Eddy, a top rock and roll instrumentalist who enjoyed 28 charted singles. His hits include “Rebel-Rouser,” “Forty Miles of Bad Road” and “Because They’re Young.”


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(Warner Bros., 1989)
George Harrison recorded “Cheer Down” for the Lethal Weapon 2 (!!) soundtrack, and with contributions from Tom Petty and Jeff Lynne, this sounds, not surprisingly, an awful lot like the Traveling Wilburys. The music continues along the lines of the dense, guitar-heavy pop-rock of Cloud Nine, and the whole thing’s catchy enough to overcome a stunningly inane set of lyrics (did it really take both Harrison and Petty to come up with lines like “If your dog should be dead / I’m gonna love you instead,” and “If your shares should crash / You’ll get by even without getting a rash”?!). “That’s What it Takes,” another strong Cloud Nine track, is the American B-side, while in Europe it’s the relatively rare and appealing “Poor Little Girl.” Based on what he’d recorded over the last two years, solo and with the Wilburys, George was definitely on a winning streak at this point; it’s too bad that, after this, he went into semi-retirement and didn’t release any new solo material for over a decade. Dagnabit!


Motorists are being advised to avoid Bondi Beach and instead catch public transport to Bondi Junction and walk three kilometres to the beach as large numbers of people make their way to the final day of Sculpture by the Sea.
The NSW Transport Management Centre advised on Saturday that traffic was heavy on Bondi Road between Bondi Junction and Bondi Beach.
"Visitors to the area are advised not to drive but catch public transport," it said.
While traffic remains congested, the management centre said the best way to get to Bondi Beach was to catch a bus or T4 Eastern Suburbs & Illawarra Line train to Bondi Junction and walk around three kilometres.
Anyone planning to catch a bus from Bondi Junction to Bondi Beach to start the walk, or catch a bus from Tamarama back to Bondi Junction after the walk, should expect "lengthy queues and significant delays", it said.
Motorists and bus passengers are also being advised to expect delays in parts of the Sydney CBD while preparation work gets underway for the CBD and South East Light Rail project.
All southbound lanes on George Street are closed between Bathurst Street and Hay Street until 5am on Monday.
Only one northbound lane on George Street is open between Bathurst Street and Hay Street until 10pm, then all northbound lanes will be closed until 5am on Monday.
As well, all westbound lanes on Goulburn Street are also closed between Castlereagh Street and Sussex Street until 5am on Monday.
Only one eastbound lane on Goulburn Street is open between Castlereagh Street and Sussex Street until 10pm then all eastbound lanes will be closed until 5am on Monday.
Motorists are advised to avoid this part of the CBD or expect delays and allow extra travel time.
Due to the road closures, some buses are diverting in the CBD and using different bus stops.
George Street buses departing the city are diverting into Park Street, Castlereagh Street, Hay Street and Pitt Street to Railway Square.
Buses heading into the city from Broadway are diverting into Pitt Street at Railway Square and travelling along Elizabeth Street.
Bus passengers can use their tickets to catch trains on the City Circle as well as between the city and Bondi Junction on the T4 Eastern Suburbs & Illawarra Line.


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Victorian 14k Yellow Gold Garnet Drop Earrings
Victorian 14k yellow gold garnet drop earrings. The oval drops feature 2 oval, cabochon cut garnets, that measure 11×15.5mm.
Victorian 14k yellow gold enamel and seed pearl bangle bracelet. The flat top of the bangle is decorated with black enamel, half seed pearls and engraving. The bangle measures 9.45 mm wide X 6.25 inches and weighs 12.1 DWTs/ 18.8 grams. Circa 1890s.


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Vancouver, BC, November 8, 2021. Origen Resources Inc. (the “Company” or “Origen”) (CSE:ORGN; FSE:4VXA) is pleased to announce that it…
Vancouver, BC, May 12, 2021. Origen Resources Inc. (the “Company” or “Origen”) (CSE:ORGN; FSE:4VX) congratulates Exploits Discovery Corp (CSE: NFLD) on it’s $8 million fund raising with key investors New Found Gold (TSXV: NFG) and Mr. Eric Sprott. The entire Private Placement is being fully subscribed and invested into by Mr. Sprott and New Found Gold; with each party investing $4,000,000. Upon completion of the financing, Mr. Sprott will hold 15.1% on a non-diluted basis and 26.3% on a partially diluted basis assuming exercise by Mr. Sprott of all Warrants held; while New Found Gold will hold 13.6% on a non-diluted basis and 19.2% on a partially diluted basis assuming exercise by New Found Gold of all Warrants held.
“Our early investment in Exploits Discovery Corp. continues to drive value for our shareholders. Origen positioned themselves very early in Newfoundland with its investment in Exploits and claim holdings that exceed 40,000 hectares. Origen currently holds over 3 millions shares of Exploits Discovery and continues to be a strong supporter,” states Blake Morgan, Company President.
Origen is an exploration company engaged in generating, acquiring and advancing base, precious metal, and lithium properties. The Company currently holds a property portfolio of four 100% owned precious and base metal projects in southern British Columbia, a 100% interest in the 26,771 ha LGM project and an option to acquire a 100% interest in the 3,971 ha Wishbone property in the mineral rich Golden Triangle of British Columbia, a 100% interest in the Middle Ridge gold project and a 100% interest in 12 lithium prospects in Newfoundland.
On behalf of Origen,
For further information, please contact Blake Morgan, President at 236-878-4938 or Gary Schellenberg, CEO at 604-681-0221.
Neither the Canadian Securities Exchange nor its Regulation Services Provider (as that term is defined in the policies of the Canadian Securities Exchange) accepts responsibility for the adequacy or accuracy of this press release.
Certain of the statements made and information contained herein may constitute “forward-looking information.” In particular references to the private placement and future work programs or expectations on the quality or results of such work programs are subject to risks associated with operations on the property, exploration activity generally, equipment limitations and availability, as well as other risks that we may not be currently aware of. Accordingly, readers are advised not to place undue reliance on forward-looking information. Except as required under applicable securities legislation, the Company undertakes no obligation to publicly update or revise forward-looking information, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

domain: economics


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Six labourers died while cleaning a chemical tank in a garment factory near Nauras Chowrangi in SITE in the wee hours of Saturday.
Police and rescue workers shifted the bodies to Abbasi Shaheed Hospital for medico-legal formalities. They were later shifted to a morgue in Lines Area, before being handed over to their families.
The deceased were identified as Kashan, 22, Boora, 22, Gard Hari, 23, Naseeb, 25, Ramesh, 26 and Shahbaz, 28, he apprised.
According to SITE B SHO Muhammad Ayaz, the labourers were cleaning the tank when their condition deteriorated and they suffocated to death.
The police stated that the tank, which was around 50 feet deep, was partly filled with chemicals, adding that one worker initially entered it for cleaning but fell unconscious, while the others were affected while trying to rescue him. Further investigation is underway to confirm how the incident took place
According to the law enforcers, the families were only informed of the incident when they came to the factory to inquire about their loved ones after they failed to return home after work.
The deceased’s families staged a protest against the incident, claiming that a case should be registered against the factory administration and adding that their negligence had caused the deaths. They further pointed out that machines were now available for cleaning chemical tanks with poisonous gases, but factory owners used workers for this purpose in order to save money.
They demanded that the government ensure effective labour inspection mechanisms to address the lack of occupational health and safety standards in the industrial sector.
The SHO said that the statements of the factory owner, management and witnesses were being recorded. He added that a case would be registered if the factory administration was found guilty of negligence or the deceased’s families approached the police to file a complaint.
Meanwhile, Sindh Industries and Commerce Minister Jam Ikramullah Dharejo took notice of the incident, ordering the SITE managing director to inspect the location and submit a report.
He further directed the relevant officials to identify those responsible for the negligence and take action against them according to the law.
Moreover, the minister ordered the factory owners to take necessary measures to avoid such incidents in the future.
This is not the first time workers have lost their lives in such an incident. In 2016, five workers died of suffocation at a factory in Korangi Industrial Area, while in 2015, a factory owner and seven workers died after falling into a chemical tank at a pickle factory in Korangi. Three workers also died of suffocation while cleaning a tank at an oil company in Bin Qasim in 2015.
Published in The Express Tribune, October 18th, 2020.


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Posted on January 11, 2018
Time to fire up our blog, which has been dormant since last (2017) spring. This installment covers our travels from our home base in Silver Lake, Washington to our current location at a wonderful RV campground in Rodeo, New Mexico.
(Please note the hot-links to things we mention that you may wish to learn more about. They are indicated in blue.)
We were planning to depart in early October, but were delayed for about a month due to the ‘installation’ of a pacemaker and defibrillator in Bob’s chest. That necessutated a 30-day recovery period, so we finally got out of town in early November. Because of the delay, we had to cancel out of a portion of the trip (Moab, Utah), but it all still worked out. We plan to hit Moab next September (2018) when Dee Dee does a kayaking trip on the Green River with friends.
Our travels thus far have taken us first to Junction City, Oregon, for some minor warranty work on Harold, our Itasca Solei RV. Here we met up with some friends and fellow RV’ers – Robyn and Gerry Gleim. After that we headed to Seven Feathers in Canyonville, Oregon, where we met up with the Gleim’s once again. Small world. Then, on to Susanville, California and Reno, Nevada, where we hung out for week or so and met up with old friends Bill and Suzi Martin, and Maria Sheehan, both community college buddies. While there, we spent some time in Silver City, before heading on to Williams, Arizona, where we met up with another old friend, Gary Paulsen.
From there, we spent some time in the magnificent Monument Valley area of Utah and Arizona. Next, we headed to Tucson for about 5 weeks, including Christmas and New Year’s. Finally, here we are at Rusty’s RV Ranch in Rodeo, New Mexico, which is right on the border of Arizona and New Mexico. This is probably one of the very best places we have ever stayed in over 10 years of travels…quiet, friendly, HUGE spaces and magnificent scenery – we are very near the Chiricahua Wilderness Area.
So here we go…we hope you enjoy the pics and narrative…
Well, that’s it for this installment. If all goes well, we will be publishing another exciting and informative edition in a couple of weeks.
Bob, Dee Dee, Charlie and Marshall Dylan.

domain: geography


Studies have proven that plants with a root zone that is kept warm thrive and propagate at a much faster rate than plants that do not. Simply place the Seedling Heat Mat on a flat, dry surface under a seedling tray and plug the cord into a 120 V outlet. For best results, use propagation dome over the seedling tray and keep it under T5 fluorescent lighting or in a greenhouse lighting environment. Direct sunlight or high HID lights may be too intense for seedlings.
- Warms root area 10-20 above room temperature
- Speeds germination and encourages strong root growth
- Fits snugly under 2 standard size seed trays
- High quality, water resistant construction
- May be used with a compatible thermostat for temperature control
- Size is 20.5 in. x 20.5 in.


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Recovering Florida Panthers
The Florida panther, a distinct subspecies of cougar or mountain lion, once ranged across the entire Southeast from eastern Texas to Tennessee and Georgia. The low point for the population was reached in the 1960s when there were perhaps less than a dozen animals left in Florida forests. The population of Florida panthers has grown since then to about 100 individuals in the wild, but only twenty to thirty of them are breeding. Florida panthers represent a distinct genetic lineage of cougar that has adapted wonderfully to the harsh conditions of the Southeast. They behave differently than western or Texas mountain lions, they have a distinctly different appearance, and they seem to have a talent for survival.
We spoke with David Maehr about his work on the Florida panther research and recovery efforts.


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porcine parvovirus infection
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PicturesTop of page
IdentityTop of page
Preferred Scientific Name
- porcine parvovirus infection
International Common Names
- English: parvovirus associated vesicular disease of pigs; parvovirus associated vesicular disease of pigs; parvovirus diarrhea in piglets; parvovirus diarrhea in piglets; porcine reproductive parvovirus; porcine reproductive parvovirus infection; SMEDI syndrome; stillbirth, mummification, embryonic, death and infertility syndrome
Pathogen/sTop of page
OverviewTop of page
Porcine parvovirus (PPV) has been recognised since 1969 as a major infectious cause of reproductive loss in pigs (Cartwright et al., 1969). Prior to its identification, the SMEDI (stillbirth, mummification, embryonic death and infertility) syndrome had been described but it is now recognised that a Parvovirus is the most common cause of this syndrome, which may also be caused by enteroviruses V13 and F34 serotypes 3 and 8 (Taylor, 1999).
Prior to the development of effective vaccines in the late 1970s, PPV caused high levels of lost production in pig farms throughout the world. It remains a significant pathogen of pigs where active control measures are absent.
The infectious agent is known to be present in pig population throughout the world (Mengeling, 1999) and occurs in both domestic pigs and wild boar populations (Liebermann et al., 1986). In many populations the infection is enzootic, with disease incidence the result of the balance between individual or herd immunity and infectious challenge.
Host AnimalsTop of page
|Animal name||Context||Life stage||System|
|Sus scrofa (pigs)||Domesticated host; Wild host||Pigs|Gilt; Pigs|Piglet; Pigs|Sow|
Hosts/Species AffectedTop of page
No one particular breed or type of pig has been shown to be more or less susceptible to PPV and the disease is recognised in both domesticated and wild populations (Liebermann et al., 1986; Mengeling, 1999).
The most important clinical and economic manifestation of PPV disease is reproductive loss; this occurs only in sows or gilts that are not solidly immune in the first half of gestation. Because of the ubiquitous nature and persistence of the virus, this is most likely to be in gilts served for the first time, although the cyclical pattern of immunity within a herd (as described by White, 1987, 1989) over a period of years has meant that some herds have suffered major disease breakdowns every few years (typically 3-4 years).
The young pig that has lost colostral immunity early in life (or never received any) is vulnerable to infection, and various diseases have been described in young pigs associated with PPV. Manifestations include:
- a vesicular skin disease (Kresse et al., 1985)
- piglet diarrhoea (Yasuhara et al., 1995)
- piglet myocarditis (Bolt et al., 1997)
In addition, it has been shown that PPV may be involved in the development of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) in association with porcine circovirus 2 (Allan et al., 1999). PPV is known to replicate in alveolar macrophages and lymphocytes, inhibiting phagocytosis and blastogenesis respectively (Harding and Molitor, 1988) and therefore may compromise the immune response to circoviruses.
Infection is not observed in other species. The pig is believed to be the only species affected with PPV and there is limited evidence that other species act as a significant reservoirs or vectors of infection, other than isolated reports of the cockroach (Blatta orientalis) (Tarry and Lucas, 1977) and rats (Cutler et al., 1982) carrying the virus for 1-3 weeks. The latter could act as a source of transmission of PPV between farms.
Systems AffectedTop of page
reproductive diseases of pigs
Distribution TableTop of page
The distribution in this summary table is based on all the information available. When several references are cited, they may give conflicting information on the status. Further details may be available for individual references in the Distribution Table Details section which can be selected by going to Generate Report.Last updated: 10 Jan 2020
|Continent/Country/Region||Distribution||Last Reported||Origin||First Reported||Invasive||Reference||Notes|
|Malaysia||Present||Original citation: Sharifah et al. (1996)|
|Greece||Present||Original citation: Xilouri et al. (1987)|
|Serbia and Montenegro||Present|
|Canada||Present||Present based on regional distribution.|
PathologyTop of page
PPV acts directly on the foetus to cause massive cellular death (Lenghaus et al., 1977) with no significant placentitis. In early gestation infection, it is suggested that some uterine changes are induced which affect the ability of the uterus to sustain developing embryos (Wrathall and Mengeling, 1979). The pathology of minor manifestations of PPV infection in young pigs has been described (Kresse et al., 1985, Yasuhara et al., 1995, Bolt et al., 1997).
DiagnosisTop of page
Diagnosis in the field is based primarily on clinical signs of the disease over a period of time. Virus can be identified in mummified piglets, either by immunofluoresence (Mengeling, 1999) and more recently by PCR testing (Soares et al., 1999).
Serological testing is widely used to identify population trends, with the haemagglutination inhibition (HAI) test being most commonly used, although serum neutralisation (SN) test is said to be more sensitive (Mengeling, 1999). As with any serological test, a single sample does not indicate current disease; a 4-fold rising titre must be demonstrated to confirm active recent infection. However, experience in the field has suggested that in the wake of clinical outbreaks of disease, very high HAI titres (>1:20,000) will be common in the population, although titres will generally be lower where active disease has not been seen. The patterns of immunity, as measured by the HAI test, within a normal dynamic breeding herd, have been described by White (1987, 1989) and demonstrate the cyclical nature of infection and immunity within a population.Differential Diagnosis
An increase in returns to service can occur as a result of a wide range of environmental, managemental, nutritional and disease factors (Britt et al., 1999).
Foetal mummification can result from foetal death following a number of viral diseases, the most important of which are:
- Hog cholera (and other pestiviruses)
- Aujeszky’s disease (pseudorabies)
- Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS)
- Porcine parvovirus
- Other SMEDI viruses (enteroviruses)
- Japanese encephalitis
- Blue eye disease
- Porcine cytomegalovirus
- Encephalomyocarditis virus
In addition, Leptospirosis (serovars pomona and bratislava) can produce weak piglets and mummification, although typically the mummification occurs in late gestation. Abortion is also a feature with this disease but is a rarity with PPV infection.
Foetal mummification will be seen sporadically in the normal litter (usually only affecting one or two foetuses) and is thought to be the result of placental insufficiency of individuals as a result of uterine crowding. On a herd basis, the overall incidence of mummification, in the absence of specific infectious disease, would be less than 2.5% of the total pigs born.
List of Symptoms/SignsTop of page
|Digestive Signs / Anorexia, loss or decreased appetite, not nursing, off feed||Sign|
|Digestive Signs / Diarrhoea||Pigs|Piglet||Sign|
|Digestive Signs / Oral mucosal ulcers, vesicles, plaques, pustules, erosions, tears||Sign|
|Digestive Signs / Tongue ulcers, vesicles, erosions, sores, blisters, cuts, tears||Sign|
|General Signs / Dehydration||Sign|
|General Signs / Forelimb lameness, stiffness, limping fore leg||Sign|
|General Signs / Forelimb swelling, mass in fore leg joint and / or non-joint area||Sign|
|General Signs / Generalized lameness or stiffness, limping||Sign|
|General Signs / Hindlimb lameness, stiffness, limping hind leg||Sign|
|General Signs / Hindlimb swelling, mass in hind leg joint and / or non-joint area||Sign|
|Ophthalmology Signs / Chemosis, conjunctival, scleral edema, swelling||Sign|
|Ophthalmology Signs / Conjunctival, scleral, redness||Sign|
|Reproductive Signs / Abortion or weak newborns, stillbirth||Pigs|Sow||Diagnosis|
|Reproductive Signs / Anestrus, absence of reproductive cycle, no visible estrus||Sign|
|Reproductive Signs / Female infertility, repeat breeder||Pigs|Gilt; Pigs|Sow||Diagnosis|
|Reproductive Signs / Mummy, mummified fetus||Pigs|Sow||Diagnosis|
|Reproductive Signs / Prolonged gestation||Pigs|Gilt; Pigs|Sow||Sign|
|Reproductive Signs / Small litter size||Pigs|Gilt; Pigs|Sow||Diagnosis|
|Respiratory Signs / Sneezing, sneeze||Sign|
|Skin / Integumentary Signs / Nail, claw, hoof sloughing, separation||Sign|
|Skin / Integumentary Signs / Skin crusts, scabs||Pigs|Piglet||Sign|
|Skin / Integumentary Signs / Skin necrosis, sloughing, gangrene||Pigs|Piglet||Sign|
|Skin / Integumentary Signs / Skin ulcer, erosion, excoriation||Sign|
|Skin / Integumentary Signs / Skin vesicles, bullae, blisters||Pigs|Piglet||Sign|
Disease CourseTop of page
The manifestation of disease depends on the stage of production of the animal infected. Non-pregnant adults will show no signs of disease and boars that become infected for the first time show no adverse clinical effects or deterioration in sperm quality (Bonte et al., 1984; Thacker et al., 1984). In young growing pigs, clinical signs of disease are rare, although vesicular skin disease (Kresse et al., 1985), piglet diarrhoea (Yasuhara et al., 1995) and myocardial disease (Bolt et al., 1997) have been described.
The most important and serious effects of primary infection are seen in the pregnant female. Initial exposure can occur at service from an infected boar and is likely to lead to a failure of pregnancy (Mengeling et al., 1980) with a return to service at 3 weeks. Infection slightly later will destroy embryos with two possible results:
- Re-absorption of the whole litter and a return to oestrous at an abnormal interval (e.g. 30 days)
- Re-absorption of some embryos, killed directly by the virus, but maintenance of pregnancy, such that a small litter is produced. A minimum of four embryos is required at implantation/attachment (14 days post service) for the sow to "recognise" that she is pregnant. Litters of less than four pigs will result in embryonic death after 14 days, before the foetal stage (30 days)
It is thought that transplacental infection does not occur until 10-14 days after initial challenge of the dam (Mengeling, 1999). Transplacental infection in the naive sow or gilt after 30 days gestation will kill the foetus directly (Lenghaus et al., 1977). However, very rarely will abortion occur. More commonly, the fluid is re-absorbed to leave a mummified foetus. Frequently, the virus infects initially a small number of foetuses, killing them, but then spreading to neighbouring foetuses, killing them later. Those that are infected after 70 days gestation may resist the challenge and survive, although they may be stunted. In this way, a typical "parvo" litter may include variable sized mummified pigs (indicating different stages of gestation at death) small or weak pigs, stillborn pigs and normal piglets.
The age of the pig at death can be calculated by measuring the crown rump length (L) in centimetres and applying the formula:
Age (days) = (3 x L) + 20
Farrowing in the sow is triggered by cortisol release from the piglets. If the litter size is reduced substantially, for example to 1-3 piglets, the sow may well not farrow for several days after her expected due date. If the whole litter is mummified, farrowing will not take place, the sow remaining anoestrous unless the litter is removed with prostaglandin treatment. Often in such cases, very little material is voided 24 hours after treatment.
Typically, within a herd outbreak of PPV, returns to service will be seen first, followed by the appearance of mummified pigs and small litters.
EpidemiologyTop of page
Pigs may become infected by virus arising from:
- Persistence within the environment, the virus being particularly resistant to disinfection and dehydration
- Infection, multiplication and excretion from naive animals, be they young breeding stock or growing pigs
PPV is present in the faeces of many pigs following primary infection (Mengeling, 1999) and can thus be spread between and within farms by any physical carriers.
An infected animal is not generally a long-term source of infection, with excretion only lasting for 2 weeks post-infection (Mengeling and Paul, 1986). However, an infected boar can excrete virus in semen and thus can act as a source of infection either by artificial insemination (Thacker et al., 1984), or by direct physical contact and natural service.
Following infection, a strong immunity develops which is measurable by both haemagglutination inhibition tests (HAI) and sero-neutralization tests (SN). For practical purposes, this is likely to be life-long, although immunity may be topped-up by repeat exposures. A sow with a high level of circulating immunity will pass this onto her litter via colostrum and antibodies to PPV persist in the offspring for an unusually long period; up to 6 months or more (Mengeling, 1999). The significance of persistent maternally derived antibody titres (MDA) in the young pig is that it can block the development of natural immunity, either as a result of natural challenge or vaccination. Normal breeding policy within a commercial pig herd would be to serve gilts for the first time at an age of 6-7 months. Therefore gilts without active immunity may enter the herd prior to breeding, rendering them vulnerable to infection in early pregnancy, the most dangerous period.
The virus, once it has infected a naive animal, will replicate, produce a viraemia and cross the placenta of the pregnant female to infect the litter. If this occurs within the first half of pregnancy, disease is likely to result. Foetuses infected after they have become immune-competent (70 days), are capable of resisting infection and developing active immunity, detectable at birth by serological testing.
Infected immune-tolerant carrier piglet have been observed after infection has occurred in early pregnancy (before 55 days gestation) but failed to cause disease (Johnson and Collings, 1971). Such animals carry and may excrete the virus at least up to 8 months of age and hence can be a source of infection for the herd. Given that gilts are always likely to be more vulnerable to infection during pregnancy, (sows are more likely to be actively immune), prior to the advent of vaccination it was common veterinary advice not to retain offspring from gilts for breeding. The existence of active control programmes has rather negated this necessity.
There is very little strain variation between isolates of PPV, although a more virulent strain was reported by Kresse et al. (1985) to cause vesicular lesions in young piglets and this same strain has been shown to be capable of producing disease in late gestation foetuses (Oraveerakul et al., 1993).
Impact: EconomicTop of page
The impact of a typical (modelled) epizootic outbreak of parvovirus in a largely naive herd of 300 sows may follow a typical sequence of signs during an outbreak (MEC White, personal communication):
- Initially an increase in returns to service, which are a mixture of regular 3 week returns and abnormal 4-5 week returns
- As sows come through to farrow from groups served 1 month before the increase in returns to service, an increase in stillbirths and mummification occurs
- 4% of sows had been earlier diagnosed pregnant but failed to farrow
The overall impact of the disease on this herd was to reduce the total output of pigs weaned over a 12-month period from 7050 to 6372, a shortfall of 678 weaned piglets or 2.26 pigs per sow per year.
Assuming that each piglet has a production cost of US $22, a total loss of $15,000 occurred ($50 per sow). If the capital costs and lost profit were added to the value of each piglet, the financial implications are:
- Value of slaughter pig, $94
- Cost of feed saved per pig, $50
- Total loss per pig, $44
Allow 5% feeding herd mortality, therefore:
- Total shortfall of pigs sold = 644
- Loss to farm = $28,340 ($95 per sow)
Disease TreatmentTop of page
No treatment is available or effective for PPV infection and, in most cases, the disease is not suspected or diagnosed until the damage is done.
Prevention and ControlTop of page
Control lies in ensuring that breeding females are thoroughly immune to infection prior to breeding. Prior to the availability of commercial vaccines, control of parvovirus on a herd basis was achieved, with variable success, by operating a policy of deliberately exposing maiden gilts to virus-infected material at least 1 month prior to intended service. Material used includes:
- Foetal material/placenta (under licence in some countries)
- Sow and piglet faeces
- Weaner faeces
Experience over many years showed that these proceedures could be effective but were unreliable; faeces from weaners of 8-12 weeks of age appeared to give the most reliable results.
Housing new gilts in a contaminated pen could be highly effective in producing PPV immunity, although there are considerable disadvantages with respect to other diseases (e.g. Leptospirosis or PRRS) if exposure is too close to service.
It must be remembered that this approach is a very crude form of on-farm vaccination without knowing:
- If the relevant infectious agent is present in the material used
- If other pathogens are present at sufficient levels to cause disease problems
This practice is to be recommended only when vaccine is not available.
Inactivated commercial vaccines have been available throughout the world since the late 1970s and many workers have reported the highly efficacious nature of such products (Mengeling, 1979; Wrathall et al., 1987; Heard, 1988; Wrathall, 1988; Hardy and Wilder, 1988; White, 1989), despite the fact that vaccines induce poor serological response as measured by HAI tests (Edwards et al., 1986).
Vaccine must be applied before breeding, but after decline of maternally derived antibody. The programmes available are variable and there is a strong argument for tailoring a herd programme to the specific requirements of that herd, as indicated by serological testing (Wrathall, 1988; White, 1989).
Vaccination of boars is also an area for dispute. Ulbrich and Schöne (1992) showed that a significant proportion of young boars were serologically negative when first working and recommended that vaccination of boars be undertaken. However, there is no evidence that vaccination prevents the temporary excretion of parvovirus from a challenged boar and, in many farms, boar vaccination is not undertaken for economic, logistic and safety reasons without apparent ill effect.
In some countries, commercial vaccines are available as monovalent PPV preparations. However, polyvalent vaccines are available with PPV combined variably with Erysipelas, Aujeszky’s disease and Leptospira antigens.
There are no state control programmes for PPV and no practical method of establishing a PPV-free herd on a commercial scale, although hysterectomy derivation from vaccinated dams may be feasible.
ReferencesTop of page
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Hwang EuiKyung, Kim JaeHoon, Kim ByoungHan, Park ChoiKyu, Choi SangHo, 1998. Infectious agents associated with swine abortions and stillbirths in Korea. RDA Journal of Veterinary Science. 40 (1), 48-53.
Kudron E, Mocsari E, Szalay D, Horvath I, Szabo L, Toplak L, 1982. Isolation of porcine parvovirus from swine herds with reproductive disorders. (Parvovirus izolalasa szaporodasi zavarokat mutato sertesallomanyokbol.). Magyar Allatorvosok Lapja. 37 (3), 194-198.
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Zanoni R G, Henn V, Rutishauser U P, Wyler R, 1984. Prevalence of porcine parvovirus in Switzerland and a new method of detection by immune electron microscopy. (Häufigkeit der porcinen Parvovirusinfektion in der Schweiz und ein neuer Virusnachweis mittels Immunelektronenmikroskopie.). Zentralblatt für Veterinärmedizin, B. 31 (10), 729-742.
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text:
A series of Sunday concerts at a community church will raise money towards a major extension project costing £1.5million.
The orchestral ensembles will form the first steps by St Mary’s Church in East Barnet towards raising £750,000 for its One Thousand Plus appeal – a fund to pay for the extension and renovation of the century-old building.
The other half of the project total, organisers hope, will be made with the sale of the dated nearby community hall, with planning permission for the site attached.
Alan Danson, the new musical director at the St Mary’s Road church, has helped compile a schedule of events to be hosted between 3pm and 4.30pm on the second and fourth Sunday of each month.
The first concert in the series entitled ‘Spring to Summer’ takes place on February 23 and features renowned organist James McVinnie, who played at the Royal Wedding.
Later concerts will include the Arbory String Quartet, the Enfield Brass Band, The Fairer Sax jazz group and a vocal ensemble, among others.
Mr Danson said: “I’m very much looking forward to it. It is wonderful to have such a diversity of performers on offer.
“With the church rector being a former professional vocalist, I think it’s fair to say we’re singing off the same hymn sheet in terms of what we want.”
Tickets to the events cost £5 on the door, with any profits going to the One Thousand Plus appeal. For more information or a full schedule, telephone the church office on 0208 4414401.