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Materials for Lab and Class
Subject: Geoscience Show all Subject: Geoscience
Results 1 - 10 of 40 matches
Investigation: When will there no longer be glaciers in Glacier National Park? part of Quantitative Skills:Activity Collection
An Investigation Question activity developed by Carol Ormand, Wittenberg University.
Students use historical data on the extent of the Grinnell Glacier in Glacier National Park to estimate when the glacier will melt completely.
Flood Frequency and Risk Assessment part of Quantitative Skills:Activity Collection
Carol Ormand, Carleton College
Students calculate recurrence intervals for various degrees of flooding based on historical data. Students then do a risk assessment for the surrounding community.
Two streams, two stories... How Humans Alter Floods and Streams part of Quantitative Skills:Activity Collection
Eric Baer, Highline College
An activity/lab where students determine the changes in 100-year flood determinations for 2 streams over time.
Matlab Module to Delineate Zones of Contribution part of Cutting Edge:Courses:Hydrogeology:Activities
Roseanna Neupauer, University of Colorado at Boulder
This module includes two Matlab routines to delineate zones of contribution. Students can vary aquifer parameters and stresses and observe the effects on the zone of contribution.
A Case Study: Geology, Remediation, Investigation at a RR Repair Shop Brownfield Site, St. Paul, Minnesota part of NAGT:Teaching Resources:Teaching Materials Collection
A case-study approach can be used to introduce students to the work that geologists do as environmental consultants. Data used by environmental consultants for a Brownfield site that is currently undergoing ...
Flooding in the Finger Lakes Region, NY part of Quantitative Skills:Activity Collection
Tara Curtin, Hobart & William Smith Colleges
Quantitative Classroom Exercises part of Quantitative Skills:Activity Collection
Steven Schafersman, University of Texas of the Permian Basin, The
The four exercises give students an opportunity to use their knowledge of graphs, algebra, and maps to solve simple geological problems.
Gulf Anoxia Course Project part of Quantitative Skills:Activity Collection
Sadredin Moosavi, Tulane University of Louisiana
In this activity students work in groups to investigate the problem of Gulf of Mexico hypoxia before developing mitigation strategies based on local contriubtions to the problem. The students present their ideas in a public meeting debate format from which a solution must be selected by the entire class.
Floods over time: death vs. destruction part of Quantitative Skills:Activity Collection
Anna Tary, Boston University
This exercise looks at the dollar losses and deaths caused by flooding in the US, and at the causes of, and relationships between the two trends.
Flood Days and Good Canoeing Days at Congaree National Park part of Pedagogy in Action:Partners:Spreadsheets Across the Curriculum:Geology of National Parks:Examples
Mark C. Rains (University of South Florida), David C. Shelley (National Parks Service) and Len Vacher (University of South Florida) Cover page by Len Vacher, University of South Florida
SSAC Geology of National Parks module/Geology of National Parks course. Students calculate probabilities using USGS hydrograph data, a spreadsheet of daily stage heights, and the COUNTIF function.


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Alfa MiTo Club to Club: the festival starts in November
If there’s a car that best represents youth, their energy and their desire to have fun, break new ground and be passionate, it’s the Alfa Romeo MiTo. If there’s an event that can bring 30,000 people together with artists who breeze effortlessly between music, contemporary art, video art and performance, it’s Alfa MiTo Club To Club.
And so it is that the Energy Machine par excellence sponsors the most important music and contemporary art festival for the sixth year running, as Main Sponsor. This year it sees a line-up of more than 35 of the most visionary and acclaimed international musicians.
Now at its thirteenth edition, Alfa MiTo Club to Club will run from 7 to 10 November at Turin, during Contemporary Art Week and Artissima, another two highly significant Turin-based cultural events.
Distinguished by a Twitter hashtag (#C2C13) – a marker for things that are highly discussed and contemporary on social networking sites – the event alternates between the avant-garde and pop, in search of the ideal point of connection, and will offer showcases and performances from world-famous artists in Turin, of the calibre of Four Tet, James Holden, Jon Hopkins, Fuck Buttons, but also Modeselektor, Todd Terje, Julio Bashmore and John Talabot.
Many locations in Turin that symbolise the city’s restless cultural and artistic activity will play host to the event: from the OGR Yards to Lingotto Fiere and from Hiroshima Mon Amour to the Teatro Carignano.
The Alfa Romeo MiTo is the ideal partner for Club To Club, sharing its sheer energy and creativity and showing off the Festival’s mix of music and technology to good effect. That’s why it’s the Energy Machine, “energy that becomes emotion”, the car that attends all of the coolest and most innovative music events.
Alfa Romeo has been promoting and sponsoring concerts, music events, DJ sets, exhibitions and high-level sessions since 2008. With the MiTo model, it collaborates with original music projects on an international level, just like “Club To Club Alfa Romeo MiTo”, which – according to Resident Advisor, the most authoritative electronic music portal – has been the best festival organised in the world between November and December for five years.
In anticipation of #C2C13 – Club To Club Alfa Romeo MiTo – on 2 November, enthusiasts can see an exclusive preview live show in Milan at Buka - New CGD, a historic record label fallen into disuse, now a key location in Milan’s most forward-thinking music scene.
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domain: artistic


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Artist Reception at Advocate Good Shepard Hospital, Barrington IL
Feb 21, 2010
A joint artists’ reception will be held for Northwest Cultural Council Corporate Gallery artists Jim Plaxco and Eric Hill. The artists’ reception is set for Thursday, February 25, 5:30-7:30 pm and will be held at the Advocate Good Shepherd Hospital, 450 W. Highway 22, Barrington IL. The reception coincides with an exhibition of their art at the Advocate Good Shepard Hospital. The art exhibition runs through April 5, 2010.
Refreshments will be served during the artists’ reception and the artists will be on hand to discuss their art with visitors. There is no fee to participate in this wine and cheese reception and those with an interest in art are encouraged to attend.
All art in the exhibition is for sale. A percentage of the sale price is a tax-deductible donation to support the Northwest Cultural Council, a not-for-profit community agency bringing visual art, music, dance, theater, poetry, and our unique “Kids Meet Art”™ program to the northwest suburbs.
The art of Jim Plaxco on display in the exhibition is:
- Bionic Cnidaria
- Contemplating Infinity
- Finding My Center of Gravity
- Geometer's Dreamscape
- Harmony of Spheres
- Impression of Water Lily
- Life Pulse
- Microscopic Metropolis
- Shades of Escher
For additional information about the artist reception, please call the Northwest Cultural Council at 847-991-7966. The Northwest Cultural Council can provide the media with a photograph of each artist and/or images of their work.
For further information and/or interviews, contact Jim Plaxco.
The Advocate Good Shepard Hospital is located at 450 W Il Route 22 in Barrington IL. Its location is illustrated in the following map.


'Deaths of despair' soaring among Gen Z & millennials: 'It's the economy, stupid'
Young Americans are killing themselves in record numbers, the victims of a confluence of economic and sociological factors that have singled them out - even above a nationwide surge in so-called "deaths of despair."
Suicide rates among teens and young adults aged 15 to 24 - the older end of "Generation Z" - spiked in 2017, reaching their highest point since 2000, according to a study published Tuesday in the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA). They've risen 51 percent in the past 10 years, buoyed by rising rates of anxiety and depression along with social media and drug use, and the figures may be even higher, since some intentional overdoses are not counted as suicides.Also on rt.com Should Netflix’s 13 Reasons be held responsible for teen suicide spike or should grown-ups own it?
Young men saw the steepest rise in deaths, according to the JAMA study, though women are catching up to them at an alarming pace. Teens and young adults report higher rates of anxiety and depression than previous generations, and multiple studies in recent years have shown that social media use exacerbates both conditions, creating a self-perpetuating feedback loop that can have tragic consequences.
But Generation Z is simply following in the footsteps of its predecessors. The much-maligned millennial generation, defined by the Census Bureau as those born between 1982 and 2000 (meaning some are included in the JAMA study), are also killing themselves in record numbers. Drug-related deaths among ages 18 to 34 have increased 108 percent since 2007, while alcohol-related deaths are up 69 percent and suicides are up 35 percent, according to a reportpublished last week by Trust for America's Health. While millennials have long been written off as entitled, spoiled snowflakes, the media and society are belatedly realizing that they aren't just layabouts unmotivated to exit their parents' basement - this "despair" has a cause, and it's primarily economic.
The rise of millennial and Gen Z "deaths of despair" can be traced to the yawning gap between reality and expectations. Raised on the myths of the American Dream, these are the first Americans to experience a markedly lower standard of living than their parents, the Baby Boomers who grew prosperous on the fruits of the postwar economic boom. The national debt has ballooned, driven by two decades of an unwinnable war whose cost is poised to top $6 trillion, and the Pentagon’s budget has swollen to an unprecedented size even as cuts to social services have decimated what little social safety net Americans could once count on. Multiple rounds of tax cuts for the wealthy and corporations destroyed the government’s revenue base, and perhaps unsurprisingly, economic inequality has grown to exceed even the rates seen during the Great Depression.Also on rt.com Don’t mock college students because they handle failure poorly; they learned it from their gov't
And even these concerns are beside the point for a generation that left college already shackled with student loan debt that can run into the hundreds of thousands of dollars and cannot be canceled even by declaring bankruptcy. Millennials who graduated in the aftermath of the 2008 crash entered the "real world" to find no jobs waiting for them. Lucky if they could find an unpaid internship or a waitressing gig, they were forced to retreat back into their parents' basements, a crushing blow for anyone but particularly for a generation told since birth that they were special, that they could do anything they wanted, that the world was their oyster.
The US, perhaps uniquely in the developed world, views poverty as a sin, and many millennials suffer in silence, believing they are the only ones in their peer group to "flunk out" of the "real world." Instead of finding support from friends and family, they take advantage of the ready availability of alcohol and opioids, a factor that has caused the number of "deaths of despair" to skyrocket. Some economically-depressed states, like West Virginia, have seen drug overdoses increase more than fivefold in the last 12 years, according to a report published earlier this month by the Commonwealth Fund, and many more have seen their number double and triple. That pharmaceutical companies flooded the market with opioids at the same time the rise of social media devastated the quality and complexity of human relationships is a particularly deadly coincidence.
Since 1996, the average net worth of "consumers" under 35 has declined 35 percent, according to management consultancy Deloitte. Advertisers are starting to realize that targeting this group, while it may seem like a savvy marketing decision - they constitute a quarter of the US population, after all - doesn't make sense, since they can't afford to buy anything. Student debt is up 160 percent since 2004 for the under-30 population, and the home-ownership rate for millennials is only 37 percent - fully eight percentage points lower than their parents. Fully 89 percent would liketo own a home, according to a survey conducted last year, but nearly half have zero dollars in savings - let alone the 20 percent most mortgages require for a down payment.
Young people aren't the only ones afflicted by the "deaths of despair" phenomenon. Life expectancy nationwide is down for the third year in a row, and a report from Trust for America's Health published last year projects that this "epidemic" - which they define as drug and alcohol deaths plus suicide - is on track to kill more than 1.6 million people by 2025 if it continues to grow at its current rate. As the Baby Boomers start to retire only to find they cannot live on their meager savings - assuming they still have any - they, too, are killing themselves more often, with suicide rates up 40 percent from 2007 to 2015.Also on rt.com Born in the USSA? Americans cozy up to Socialism as Neocons pursue regime change in Venezuela
This is not only a young people's problem, nor is it an easy one to solve, but acknowledging the systemic poverty afflicting the "richest country in the world" - where two-thirds of the population doesn't have enough saved to cover a $500 crisis - is a good place to start.
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Wishing all Mothers a Very Happy Mother's Day. A quick and easy recipe for healthy and delicious Brownies to win your mother's heart and make her feel special.
Also have been away from blogging for almost a month now and feel so happy to post a recipe today. April had been an extremely busy month. It just seems all like a blur now. Both the kids were sick one after the other. One had extreme allergies and just when we thought things looked good for him, the younger one had the stomach flu. Then again when we thought oh he looked good and went back to school, there was something else. Our dear dish washer died on us. We thought it was time to retire our trusted old friend and soon had a new dish washer installed a week later. You can imagine how life suddenly gets extremely chaotic. Things are back to normal for now.
Also when life stresses me out, I just turn to baking. I find it very therapeutic. I love to try new ingredients while baking and even cooking. For these Brownies I have used Soy flour and the brownies turned our delicious and moist. Also it was a little treat for all of us for having survived the month of April.
- 1 cup All purpose flour
- 1 cup Soya bean flour
- 1 cup sugar
- 1 tsp baking powder
- 3/4 cup unsweetened cocoa powder
- 1 1/2 cup milk
- 1/2 tsp vanilla
- 2 ripe bananas (mashed)
- 1/2 cup chocolate chips
- 1/2 cup chopped walnuts(optional)
- Preheat oven to 350 degrees and grease a 9 X 13 baking pan.
- In a bowl combine both the flours, cocoa powder, baking powder and sugar.
- In another bowl mash the bananas. To this add milk, vanilla and mix it well.
- Now add the wet ingredients to the dry ingredients. Mix it well so that there are no lumps.
- Add the chocolate chips and the walnuts.
- Pour the Brownie batter into the baking pan and bake for 25 minutes.
- Let it cool for about 10 minutes and then cut it into the desired size. I got 24 brownies from this recipe.
Recipe adapted from : Daily Garnish

domain: food


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I am using betnovate-c for the treatment of acne, dark spots and damaged skin so it will use or not in the treatment of those thing's.
I want to have innie belly button. I have a skin pop out. How can I get rid of them without surgery and push them in. Please help.
I have a dark circle n my face looking ugle. Becose of under eye, I used cream like himalaya under eye n I taking vitamin e capsule but not effective still m facing dark circle so is there any best remedy to remove it. Plzz suggest me.
I am a 24 years old female. I have a lump from upper anus to pernium. One is developing in lower anus. Lump is not hard. It is like skin and in one side feels something is there. No bleeding from anus. Can it be cancer. Sometimes pain in anus.
I am 24 year old female I am suffering from dark circles I am using mela 3 cream at night n topcort cream in morning prescribed by Dr. bt I am confusing everyone saying that hydroquinone cream is not safe for face it cause cancer is it true? After dis continue using this cream my face will darken? please tell me about this I use this cream or not?
I am 66 yrs. Old. Vegetarians. Since last 5-6 month I suffer from rashes. Rashes emerges after intake of food. (Breakfast lunch and dinner) withen 1 hour. sever itching feel. On the affected body part. Signs of scratch emerges on the body. I am diabetic. Fasting sugar level is 100 andpost meal sugar level is 200. Please advice your suggestions and treatment.
Hello doctor I am suffering from anal fissure more than 2months. I consulting local doctor. He told me that the only solution for fissure is operation. But I don't want get operation. Please tell me.
I am going to marry in four months. But before that I want improve my skin tone. What should I do? If you could suggest some facewash or moisturisers to improve skin tone.
I am female of 24 year old, want to know that how to get fair skin naturally, how to get rid from spots on face naturally within a month on summer?
I am 33 years old suffering from skin rashes and dark spots on my face not able show friend. Please suggest any treatment.
How to get rid of skin discolouration. I am a boy. Age 21. I was very fair. Bt now I am black. All over my body. I lose some weight also.
There is rubbed part occur over both part of my anus. What medicine should I use to cure my this disease.
Hi I am 24 years old and my hands are tanned. Its darker than my skin tone. Please suggest a remedy to lighten it to match it to my skin tone?
I am 35 years old lady. My hair is very thin and a bit curly type with very broad forehead. Previously my face looked like oval but now it looks like square. How can I increase growth of my hair through home made recipes and what kind of hair style should I make while going out? I have no dandruff issue and I shampoo twice a week. Should I use hair oil regularly? Please suggest which all products I should use, are available in India.
24 years old, I am suffering from dermatitis, my scalp is releasing skin that's why creating hair loss problem and one more thing my skin is oily give me suggestion and what should I do like precaution and medication please give me advice.
Under eye dark circles are a common appearance if you do not get the adequate hours of sleep or if you are subjected to stress over a prolonged period of time. However, if you notice the presence of under eye dark circles even after getting sufficient sleep, that might be a result of crater formation or swollen eyelids.
Causes of under eye dark circles
- Constant exposure to the sun : Which might lead to an over-secretion of melanin (the pigment responsible for skin coloration).
- Excessive rubbing of eyes : Dark circles might also occur if you randomly rub or scratch your eyes as an unconscious habit.
- Allergy/Contact Dermatitis: Dark circles might also develop due to allergies or eczema (skin inflammation) or contact dermatitis (a condition wherein rashes develop accompanied by severe itching after coming in contact with a foreign substance).
- Old Age: The gradual loosening of skin along with fats and collagen as you grow old can result in dark circles of reddish-blue hue.
- Excessive consumption of tobacco and alcohol: might also form dark circles under the eyes.
- Nutritional deficiencies: Nutrients in our diet play a vital role in maintaining both the aesthetics and the functionality of our eyes and deficiency of some of these can surely cause under eye dark circles. Nutrients like vitamin B 12, K, E and iron deficiency are just few of them.
- Hereditary factors
- Lack of sleep
Home remedies for treating under eye dark circles
- Apply almond oil on your dark circles and leave it overnight
- Cut thick slices of cucumber, place them for 30 minutes on your eyes and then wash them thoroughly
- Apply juice of raw potato on your dark circles for 2 to 3 weeks
Under eye dark circles are not a serious medical condition and can be easily decreased or eliminated by following procedures:
- In order to eradicate dark circles, you can opt for a procedure which combines aqua jet, glycolic peel (which helps to shed the affected skin in the under-eye region and initiate the natural reduction of the dark circles), micro current (which keeps the affected region duly hydrated) and associated home ingredients to strengthen the skin around your eyes.
- To prevent dark circles, you can also opt for a procedure which revitalises the under-eye regions with the help of high platelet-containing plasma. The platelets help in the creation of collagen (the building block of the skin) that restores freshness of your skin. This procedure is completely safe as it is a natural one and does not come with any side effect. Further recommendations In addition to the aforementioned procedures, you can also use a serum containing soy and rice peptides, yeast protein, hyaluronic acid, and extracts from seaweed. If you wish to discuss about any specific problem, you can consult an Ophthalmologist.

domain: medical


- TECH SPECS
Dryden Chrono-Diver: Blue Vintage
The Dryden Chronograph Diver (DCD-1) combines the functionality and precision of a traditional chronograph watch with the bold look and durability of a dive watch.The DCD-1 is housed in a 316L stainless steel case with brushed finishing and oversized polished pushers. The watch features a blue 120-click unidirectional rotating bezel as well as a tachymeter under the double-domed sapphire crystal.
The striking sunburst blue color is contrasted by matte white textured subdials with a 24-hour indicator at three o'clock, a running seconds at six o'clock and the chronograph minute counter at nine o'clock. The polished hour and minute hands offer a refined presentation while the white painted chronograph hand allows for precise timing. The Seiko VK63 Mechaquartz movement sweeps at 1/5s and offers instant mechanical reset. A generous application of Swiss Superluminova C3 provides easy legibility at night.
The watch will be shipped inside a waxed canvas roll for easy storage and travel.
Dial: Sunburst blue dial with matte white textured subdials. White opening at the 4:30 position
Hands: Polished hour and minute hands. White outlined chronograph hand. Black framed subdial hands for legibility.
Bezel: Anodized aluminum
Case Material: 316L Stainless steel with a mixture of brushed and polished finish
Case Size: Width: 42mm (excluding crown) Length: 49mm (lug-to-lug)
Case Thickness: 13.5mm from the caseback to the top of the crystal
Crystal: Double domed scratch-resistant sapphire with anti-reflective coating on the inside
Strap size: 22mm
Crown: Screw down
Movement: Seiko Mechaquartz VK63
Water Resistance: 100 Meters with crown screwed down.
Lume: Swiss Superluminova C3 - Vintage Color, Green Glow
Our two-year warranty protects your investments from all manufacturing defects in material or workmanship. All qualifying warranty repairs will be made at our service facility at no cost to the customer.
The warranty does not cover the strap, crystal, case, crown, or battery. The warranty is invalid if there is evidence of damage from user negligence or if the damage is a result of an unauthorized service repair.The warranty card and a copy of the purchase receipt must accompany all repair orders.
Maintenance & Repair
We offer in-house repair and replacement of broken or worn out components not covered under the warranty. The fee is assessed based on the extent of the damage and the price of the component.
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Last Updated on September 7, 2022 by Maria
Doxies are adorable little wieners but they can put on weight somewhat easily. So, is my dachshund overweight – here are 5 ways to figure out if your dog is too fat. If you’re wondering, we’ll also touch on why obesity is such a problem for dachshunds more so than it is for other dogs, whether this should be a factor in your decision to get a Doxie, and what you can do to keep your pet healthy and fit.
Is My Dachshund Overweight and Why Is That A Problem?
If you’re a bit too liberal with the dog treats but you don’t exercise your dog enough, chances are that your dog is overweight, yes. And as adorable as a little pudgy Doxie can be, it should go without saying that raising an overweight dachshund is not good. Not only can this lead to all the standard health problems stemming from obesity such as diabetes, cancer, hypertension, and heart problems, but it also drastically increases the risk of back problems such as the dreaded Intervertebral Disc Disorder (IVDD).
So, what can you do? The first step is to answer the “Is my dachshund overweight?” question and figure out exactly how far has the problem gotten.
5 Ways To Determine Is My Dachshund Overweight
Fortunately, determining whether your pet is overweight or not is quite easier than it might seem. And, yes, most of the ways to do that is to just look at your dog’s body. But let’s go into a bit more detail:
- Look at the numbers. The first thing to do would be to just place your dog on the scales. Fortunately, Doxies aren’t that big, so it’s fairly easy to just get them on some standard floor scales for a few seconds. If your pet is too restless, something else you can do is first measure yourself, then pick up your dachshund and measure your combined weight. From there, it’s just a matter of substrating one number from the other.
Once you have your dog’s weight, compare it with the expected weight for standard dachshunds which is 16 to 32 pounds (7.3 to 14.5 kg). Yes, this is a pretty wide margin which is why you should also measure your dog’s upright height at the shoulder back length and compare those to the standards too. A standard dachshund is expected to be between 8 and 9 inches tall (20 and 23 cm) and 15 to 19 inches long (38 to 48 cm). So, if your dachshund is moderately long and tall (say, 8 inches tall and 42 inches long) but is 32 pounds heavy, it’s overweight.
- Feel the ribs. Another thing to try is to just feel your dog’s rib cage. The ribs shouldn’t be visible to the naked eye under the skin as that’d mean your dog is underweight. However, they should be easy to feel with your fingers. If not – your dog is overweight.
- The eye test. Simply look at your dog from above – are its two sides parallel? If not and your dog’s body looks more like an oval, then you have an overweight Doxie.
- Look for visible fat. Another eye test is to just look for visible fat under the skin. Look especially around the shoulders and on the lower back, behind the tail – there should be no excess fat there. The guys at schlüsseldienst Bremen are very fond of dogs and advise you to take your pet seriously.
Learn more about: The Best Food For Dachshund Weight Loss
- Where’s the skip in the step? Or, you can just look at your dog’s movement. A healthy and fit dachshund should move around with a skip in its step, even if it’s an adult or a senior. If your dog doesn’t hop around and has trouble jogging even lightly, it’s time for a diet.
What Should You Do If Your Dog Is Overweight?
Weight loss is a long and extensive subject but the gist of it is very simple – switch to a more low-fat diet that’s still high in nutritional value, then start incorporating more physical exercise into your dog’s daily life. Add some regular vet visits just to be safe and you should be able to get your dog back into shape pretty quickly.
What is a good diet for a Dachshund?
Dachshunds are predisposed to getting overweight so that means that you should avoid overly fat diets. However, that doesn’t mean that a dachshund should always be on a diet with the lowest possible fat content. Rather, it means that you should take a more holistic approach and incorporate more exercise and an overall more lively lifestyle for your dog.
Remember, dachshunds are hounds. They were bred to be food-motivated, that’s true, but they were also bred to be physically active. So, even if you give your dachshund a standard canine diet and not something overly low-fat, as long as your dog is physically active enough, it should remain fit and healthy. If your dog already has some health issues and predispositions, then you should talk about those with your vet.
As for other aspects of your dachshund’s food’s nutritional value – Doxies can thrive on a standard high-quality and high-nutrition diet. The only thing you might want to consider prioritizing is extra calcium and extra phosphorous which are useful for your dog’s back and joints.
Why is my Dachshund always hungry?
Because it’s a scenthound – it’s in the dachshund’s nature to always be looking for food. It’s quite literally its job to do so. This sits in contrast to other breeds such as shepherds or gun dogs who’ve been trained to work with people and even help hunting but not be the ones actively chasing, engaging, and taking down the prey. That was the dachshund’s job on the field and it has left the breed with a powerful nose and a strong urge to bite into anything that smells edible.
What percentage of Dachshunds are overweight?
Such statistics are unfortunately impossible to make as we don’t have data about every dachshund in the world. We do know from observation that dachshunds are more predisposed to becoming overweight than most other breeds and that many dachshunds fall into the trap of this predisposition.
Fortunately, we don’t need to know the exact percentage because dachshund obesity isn’t an inescapable condition – instead, it’s easily preventable with the right care.
How can I get my Dachshund to lose weight?
The same way you would a human – change your dog’s diet to something more slimming but nutritious, add more exercise and playtime in your dog’s daily routine, and visit your vet regularly to keep an eye for any underlying health issues.
Jordan is an animal–lover who specializes in dachshunds. He has owned and cared for dachshunds since he was a child, and his passion for these unique dogs has only grown with time. Jordan is an avid researcher and learner, and spends a large portion of his free time studying the history, behaviour, and health of dachshunds. He has a knack for training and socializing his own dogs, and loves introducing them to new experiences. When not caring for his own pets, Jordan likes to volunteer at local animal rescue shelters, helping to find homes for abandoned dachshunds. He is a true animal advocate, and dedicates his time to ensure that all animals receive the love, respect, and care they deserve.

domain: pet


UPA, Left urge governor to ensure fair trial against 3 mlas
Ranchi, Sep 9 (UNI) Opposition UPA and Left parties today urged Jharkhand governor Sayed Sibtey Razi to ensure transparency while the state assembly speaker deals with three legislators, who have been served show cause notices under anti-defection law after they quit the Arjun Munda ministry.
Speaker Inder Singh Namdhari was under fire after he served anti-defection notices to three legislators- Mr Kamlesh Singh, Anos Ekka and Stephen Marandi, who joined hands with the Opposition this week to form an alternative government in Jharkhand.
RJD state president, Gautam Sagar Rana, said the UPA and Left parties leaders had paraded upto Rajbhavan to submit a memorandum urging the Governor to ensure fair trial by the Speaker on three legislators.
Mr Rana said a delegation comprising 21 members met the Principal Secretary to the Governor and handed over a memorandum demanding to prevent the Speaker from taking "immoral steps to save the BJP-led NDA government in Jharkhand". The governor was not present when the delegation went to Rajbhavan.
Among others, who went there were Khagendra Thakur (CPI), Prakash Viplav (CPI(M), Yogendra Pandey ( Forward Block), Prabhakar and Anadi Brahm from Congress and Vinod Pandey of JMM.
The UPA has decided to gherao the Speaker's residence and the state assembly tomorrow and day after respectively.
UNI AM PC RN1710


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9. The Muppets® from Sesame Street® (2014)
Photo by Jeffrey Allred, courtesy of Deseret News
Of all the guests at the Mormon Tabernacle Christmas concert, the Muppets® from Sesame Street® were perhaps among the most whimsical—and the most unexpected. Elmo, Big Bird, Grover, and crew have been entertaining millions of children around the country for several decades.
Among the Christmas concert highlights with the Muppets® from Sesame Street®, the Count performed a delightful rendition of “The Twelve Days of Christmas” with organist Richard Elliott, and at one point Big Bird even conducted the choir. Here’s what some of the puppeteers had to say about their experience. “Conducting the orchestra and the choir as Big Bird is a thrill every night,” Big Bird puppeteer Matt Vogel said. “I can’t believe that they would let just me come up in a Big Bird suit and conduct this grand orchestra and this remarkable choir.”
Abby Cadabby puppeteer Leslie Carrara-Rudolph recalled the feeling that performing with the choir produced for her. “What surprised me about being in the experience was the way I felt inside, hearing the voices and feeling them in my heart.” She continued, “Every once in a while, I get [overwhelmed] when I hear the strings come alive and the music come alive and everybody blending together. I wasn’t really prepared for that type of feeling or emotion, that magic.” Sesame Street® executive producer Carol-Lynn Parente shared on behalf of the cast, “At Sesame, we always are proud of sort of this high bar we have toward excellence, and to work with another organization that has an even higher bar than we do has been a joy and a privilege.”
In Keep Christmas with You, The Mormon Tabernacle Choir and Orchestra at Temple Square join the Muppets® from Sesame Street® and guest vocalist Santino Fontana (the voice of Prince Hans in the popular Disney movie Frozen) in a celebration of the spirit of Christmas. Fontana makes his entrance on this beautifully produced show in a hot air balloon surrounded by large toy airplanes that drop from the ceiling as the Choir opens with the number "The Candyman/Pocketful of Miracles."
Other standout moments are a duet with the Count and the Choir's organist, Richard Elliott, to the tune of "The Twelve Days of Christmas," a medley of songs from Sesame Street® as well as the popular "Keep Christmas With You," and hilarious hijinks and banter from the Muppets® from Sesame Street® throughout the show. This show is a world-class performance perfect for all ages as you celebrate the Christmas holiday.
This year, check out the book based on the 2016 Tabernacle Choir Christmas concert. The Little Match Girl tells the story of a young homeless girl who sells matches to passersby. Helpless and cold, the child seeks a bit of comfort from the only source she has—the bundle of matches in her apron pocket. She had struggled all day to sell even one, but the crowds of people had only hurried past her with hardly a glance as they finished up their holiday shopping and rushed home to begin their feasts. Alas, at least she has the matches now, each one holding the promise of a few short seconds of warmth and light.
But as she strikes each match, she discovers a truth that sets her heart soaring—all along, even in times when she has felt most alone, she has been lovingly watched over by those who have gone before her and have anxiously awaited a joyous reunion. She learns she is not forgotten, and in the learning shares a poignant message of love and service. The tender tale of the little match girl reminds each of us to take notice of the least of those among us and to do our part to extend a kindly hand—at Christmastime and always.

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Creon tragic hero in antigone thesis
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Fourth National Climate Assessment
Season 2019 Episode 12 | 26m 46s
Alaska is warming at twice the rate of other states and rivals other places on the planet in terms of the rapid pace of change. In the recently released National Climate Assessment, Alaska has its own chapter. What will mitigation and adaptation cost in the coming decades? Host, Lori Townsend discusses these questions and more with two experts on the topic.
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I. Basic Definitions and Differentiations in Millennialism
The importance of these questions is apparent from the molding influence that varying millennial views have exerted on the Christian faith over the centuries. In order to understand the really fundamental differences, a definition of the terms used to describe the major schools of millennialismpremillennial, postmillennial, and amillennialis first essential.
1. Millenium.The Merriam-Webster unabridged dictionary, second edition (1949), defines the word "millennium":
1. A thousand years. . . . 2. Specif., the thousand years mentioned in Revelation xx, during which holiness is to be triumphant. Some believe that during this period Christ will reign on earth.
This definition is more nearly accurate than that in The New Schaff-Herzog, which applies the word to a reign
on earth before the end of the world, disregarding the fact that these specifications are interpretation rather than definition.
2. Chiliasm.As generally used chiliasm is the teaching that the saints will reign with Christ on earth during the millennial thousand years. The identification of the one thousand years of Revelation 20 with various Old Testament prophecies of a literal kingdom on earth (not an express stipulation of Scripture) has periodically brought its advocates into disrepute because of the materialistic expectations and excesses sometimes accompanying this concept.
3. Premillennialism.Premillennialism posits the second coming of Christ and the first resurrection as
preceding the thousand years, with the second resurrection to follow the millennium. (It also commonly adds a chiliastic corollary, that when Christ comes He will set up a kingdom
on earth, in which the saints will reign with Christ over the nations.) The millennial reign is thus introduced by supernatural and catastrophic events.
4. Postmillennialism.Postmlllennlallsm sees the "thousand years" as possibly a literal period, but more probably an indefinite period of time, preceding the second advent. The "first resurrection" is therefore a revival of the spirit, doctrine, principles, and character of the Christian martyrs and departed saints. And after the evil of the world has been largely overthrown, paradisiac blessedness will be ushered in by Christ's coming and the general resurrection. Thus the millennium is introduced without direct divine intervention.
5. Amillennialism.Amillennialists assert that Revelation 20 is simply teaching spiritual truths in symbolic language. This concept eliminates an actual millennial reign, or regards it as the entire Christian
Era. The two resurrections are fused into one, and the different aspects of the judgment become one great assizeChrist simply comes at the end of the age to judge the world. Thus amillennialism seeks to avoid the difficulties believed to beset both premillennialism and postmillennialism.
With the major types of millennialism now before us, we will sketch in bold outline the course of millennialism across the centuries, in order to have the necessary historical setting for our own views, which follow in Question 39.
II. Early-Church Premillennialism
Early-Church Premillennialism.Premillennialism was strong in the early Christian church. The believers looked for a breakup of the Roman Empire and the coming of a malign antichrist who would persecute the saints for three years and a half, followed by the personal advent of Christ. They expected a literal first resurrection at the advent, and the setting up of a thousand-year kingdom of the saints reigning with Christ. Then at the end of the millennium, the second resurrection, the final judgment, and the retribution of the wicked would take place, they believed, followed by the eternal reward of the righteous in the new heavens and new earth. This belief they based on the New Testament prophecies, together with the historical prophecies of Daniel, in which they found themselves under the fourth kingdom. They expected the further unfolding of these events in history soon after their day, for they looked for the second advent shortly. (Early-century churchmen had,
of course, no idea of such a long stretch of time between the first and second advents as has now already ensued. Some looked to A.D. 500 for the end of the age.) Among the premillennialist writers were pseudo-Barnabas, Justin Martyr, Irenaeus, Montanus, Tertullian, Nepos, Commodianus, Hippolytus, Methodius, Victorinus, Lactantius, and Apollinaris.*
The millennial kingdom was described variously, though it was generally understood to be on earth, with the saints reigning over the nations in the flesh. Some had literal Jerusalem, rebuilt, as the capital; Tertullian's view had the New Jerusalem descending from heaven. Some emphasized the spiritual joys, others the material prosperity, fertility, and plenty. Some had a Roman emperor as antichrist preceding the millennium, others a Jew (during a delayed seventieth week, according to Hippolytus, though this was not the majority view). Methodius saw the millennium as a day of judgment; Victorinus, as a Sabbath rest (based on the seven-thousand-year theory). By the time of Lactantius the full-fledged millennial doctrine was filled with fantastic elements from sources extraneous to the Biblical millennium, on the glories of the renovated earth, the multiplied offspring of the righteous in the flesh, and the enslavement of the survivors of the unregenerate nations. The increasing "carnality" of these ideas caused a revulsion of feeling against chiliasm, especially as allegorizing and philosophical concepts molded the church. Jerome protested that the kingdom of the saints was heavenly, not earthly, and Augustine, who would
*Sources for this section are found in D. H. Kromminga, The Millennium in the
Church, and L. E. Froom, The Prophetic Faith of Our Fathers, vols. f to 4.
not have objected to a millennial kingdom in which the joys were spiritual rather than material, abandoned premillennialism and led the church into a new theory.
It is to be noted that although in this period, and later, there can be found hints of the belief that the Jews would finally be converted before the advent, the early church firmly believed that the kingdom prophecies were for the church as the true Israel. That view is very different from the idea of a Jewish kingdom in the millennium, as held by many modern premillennialists who revert to the early chiliastic view of the earthly millennial kingdom.
III. The Augustinian Postmillennialism
Premillennialism Abandoned in the Time of Augustine.Long before Augustine, Origen of Alexandria had opposed the increasingly materialistic chiliasm of many, and millennialism itself. And by spiritualization and allegorization he explained away the basis of the eschatological hopea literal resurrection, a literal second advent, and literal prophecies. Soon afterward came the concept that God's everlasting kingdom is the dominant church established on earth. This was introduced by Eusebius, following Constantine's "conversion" to Christianity and the cessation of pagan persecution. Augustine, likewise challenging the excesses of chiliastic premillennialism, now introduced a
spiritualization of the millennium.* The first resurrection was spiritual. The thousand years was the period between
*Augustine based his postulate on the "recapitulation" theory, derived from Trichinous-that the Apocalypse goes back and repeats covering the Christian Era again and again under the symbols of the seven churches, seven seals, seven trumpets, the beasts, and lastly, the millennium.
the first and second advents, with the second resurrectionthe literal resurrection of the bodyat its close.* (Present-day Protestant amillennialism takes much the same position on the two resurrections.)
Augustine's "thousand years" was a figurative numeralan expression of the whole period between Christ's ministry and the end of the world. Augustine also identified the thousand years of Revelation 20 with the sixth millennium of the world's history, and equated the seventh or Sabbath period with eternity.
The devil's "binding" was his expulsion from the hearts of the believers, the Catholic Church was the "kingdom of Christ," and the church rulers were already sitting in judgment. To Augustine the triumph of Christianity seemed sure. The "beast" was the ungodly world, and "Gog and Magog" the devil's nations. The "camp of the saints" is the church, and "devouring fire" their burning zeal, while the "New Jerusalem" is the church's present glory. Thus it was that Augustine's millennial kingdom was accepted as a
then-present reality on earth. It was a basically new philosophy of history.
This concept became dominant by the fifth century, and held general sway for over a thousand years as the controlling philosophy of Roman Catholic Christendom. Thus early premillennialism practically disappeared under the advancing triumph-of-the-church concept.
*The new Catholic Commentary on Holy Scripture, 1953, p. 1207, counsels its readers to "regard the chaining of Satan and the reign of the Saints as the whole period subsequent to the Incarnation."
IV. Medieval Pure-Church Postmillennialism
Augustinianism prevailed throughout the Middle Ages, along with increasing dominance of the church in Western Europe. But with the passing of A.D. 1000 and the approach of the year 1260, a new concept arose. The Augustinian theory looked for a triumphant church; medieval Joachim and the Joachimite Spirituals came to look for a pure church.
Very apparent ecclesiastical departures on the part of the Papacy made it no longer possible to equate the visible church with the kingdom of God on earth. So the medieval pure-church ideal took the form of a new postmillennialism, in which the golden age (not, however, of a thousand years) was placed in the future, preceding the second advent. Sharp criticism from various loyal sons and daughters of the church began to call for reform and to urge a spiritual revival. Joachim of Floris (1190) stressed a new millennial idealthat of a pure
church. This was based on a trinitarian-dispensational conceptthe age of the Father, the age of the Son, and the age of the Spirit. (This was not, however, at all akin to modern dispensationalism.) He held that the promised Age of the Spirit would begin before A.D. 1260, on the year-day principle. A future age marked by the dominance of the Spirit was increasingly stressed by the Franciscan Spirituals, who held that a
purification of the church was so greatly needed that nothing but the coming of the Holy Spirit in mighty power could effect it. A future as well as a past binding of Satan was taught by two Franciscan Spirituals, Pierre Jean d'Olivi (died 1298), who
castigated the hierarchical church as the apocalyptic "Babylon," and Ubertino of Casale (c. 1312), who identified a pope with the apocalyptic "beast." Arnold of Villanova (died c. 1313) expected an internal reform of the church to be accomplished by a pope. And Milicz of Kremsier (died 1374) held that the church must be cleansed of heretics before the consummation. So the pure-church ideal was widely heralded, and the overthrow of antichrist connected with a future binding of Satan.
In the medieval agitation for reform in the church there came a rising chorus of voices naming the Papacy as the Antichrist. Later the Reformed groups, who identified Antichrist with the apostate papal church, similarly sounded the call to come out of polluted Babylon. Thus in Protestantism the pure-church concept was also stressed. Some, however, sought to blend the medieval pure-church ideal with the earlier triumphant-church-kingdom concept, to be brought about through political and social revolution, as will be noted in the next section.
V. Premillennialism Revived in Post-Reformation Times
The great Reformers, occupied with developing such doctrines as justification by faith, were not directly concerned with the millennium. They continued the Augustinian view of the millennial kingdom as the church, though there was a strong emphasis on the Antichrist as the Papacy. As the Reformation became a movement of state churches, the pure-church millennialists became fringe groups, such as the Anabaptists. Indeed, the main Protestant churches tended to
disparage millennialism because of the excesses of some chiliasts, such as the Munsteries on the Continent and, later, the Fifth Monarchy men in England, and because of the political and revolutionary elements in their schemes for introducing the kingdom of God on earth. But the more stable elements of these fringe groups left a strong impress on the later Baptists and Congregationalists. It was from such a source that the early American churches became imbued with the ideal of the pure church establishing the kingdom of God before the coming of Christ.
It was after the Reformation period that Joseph Mede combated the Augustinian view with his scheme of prophetic interpretation that again put the millennium in the future, after the second advent, with a literal first and a second resurrection. Thenceforth, a historicist premillennialism flourished in Protestantism with such vigor that it was never completely displaced, even through the period of ascendancy of Whitbyan postmillennialism.
VI. Whitby's Eighteenth-Century Postmillennialism
The postmillennialism first introduced by Daniel Whitby in 1703* holds that the second advent will come only
after a thousand yearsliteral or otherwiseof world betterment, with increasing peace,
*Whitby denied the common concepts of the first and second literal resurrections, holding that the first "resurrection" is simply the glorious renewal of the church. The second advent, he affirmed, is simply a spiritual "effusion." To Whitby the saints on earth are separated from Christ during the millennium, as Christ and the dead of ages past are all in heaven. Whitby ends the period with the Lord's descent, accompanied by the spirits of just men made perfect. This postmillennial advent brings the day of judgment, with the destruction of remaining sinners and eternal salvation for the saints.
righteousness, and world conversion. Through the elimination of war and evil, the world as well as the church will enter upon its golden age. Postmillennialism maintains that the millennium will be brought about without direct divine intervention, without any catastrophic eventsimply by the operation of the Holy Spirit through the gospel and the regular agencies of grace. A truly Christian government will be established over the world, with Satan ultimately vanquished. During this time the Jews will be converted, but not necessarily with national restoration in Palestine.
The effect of this new hypothesis upon Protestantism was profound. As men began to contemplate a great vista of peace and safety, they ceased to be eager for the second advent, and came to substitute the expectancy of death for Christ's return. And this captivating post millennial theory swept like a tidal wave over European Protestantism. Introduced into America by Jonathan Edwards and Samuel Hopkins, it became the dominant view by 1800.
Postmillennialists hold that the "binding" and "loosing" of Satan are figurativethe limiting of Satan's power and a possible flare-up of that power just before Christ appears. But after the vials of God's wrath are poured out, the remaining wicked are destroyed. Then the eternal kingdom will be established. The fact that the gospel has already been widely preached and accepted, lends plausibility to the view that the same process will continue in augmented form until the world is evangelized and Christianized.
While Campegius Vitringa believed the second resurrection to be that of the literal dead, Whitby
explained it as the uprising of antichristian principles in the confederacy of "Gog and Magog." According to both Whitby and Vitringa, the "New Jerusalem" is the blessedness of the earthly church during the millennium. On the contrary, Brown and Faber explain it as the company of the saints after the millennium.
"Optimistic" postmillennialism, which later came to be tied in with the theory of evolution and human progress, has long chided premillennialism over its "pessimism." Prior to World War I, postmillennialists declared that humanity had made too much progress ever to have another war. But even as the champions of such a roseate philosophy were denying the plain declarations of the Word, the most terrible catastrophes of all time struck. Events of recent decades, from World War I onwardincluding the impotent League of Nations, the second world war, and its sequelhave revealed the fallacy of such reasoning, and have shattered such claims. Whitbyan postmillennialism is bankrupt today.
VII. Resurgent Premillennialism in Nineteenth Century
1. Premillennialism Revived.In the early nineteenth century came a resurgence of premillennialism in the far-flung Old World Advent awakening and the New World Advent movement. It has been said that three hundred Anglican and seven hundred nonconformist clergymen in Britainwith many others on the Continent, North Africa, and Indiastressed the approaching destruction of the Papacy and the Turk, the literal first resurrection and translation of the saints attending the second advent, marking the beginning of the millennium, with the second resurrection at its
close. Some held that the judgment precedes the advent, followed by the renovation of the earth at the millennium's close. Another angle came sharply to the forefrontthe anticipated rule to be exercised by the Jews on earth while the church is in heaven, or at least in a glorified state.
These premillennialists were called literalists in contrast with the postmillennialist spiritualizers. Historicists at first, these premillennialists held that, preceding the second advent, antichrist would gather his followers for a last terrific assault upon God's people, and institute a dreadful tribulation, through which the church must pass. Then, at the close of the tribulation, Christ would appear, the dead in Christ would rise first, in a literal resurrection, with the living saints translated and "caught up" to meet the Lord in the air. Finally, at the close of the millennium, Satan would be loosed and gather the nations to war against the saints. But they would all be overwhelmed by fire from heaven.
2. Secret Rapture Introduced in BritainRadical innovations were soon introduced, as Edward Irving and others espoused futurism. Irving's Catholic Apostolic Church, established in 1832 (claiming the revival of the apostolate, of prophecy, and of speaking with tongues), introduced the concept of a "secret rapture,"* and a new sacramentthe "sealing." Babylon they
*One of the Plymouth Brethren, Dr. S. P. Tregelles (The Hope of Christ's Second
Coming, 1864, p. 34-37), a contemporary, says of the origin of this "theory of a secret coming of Christ":
"I am not aware that there was any definite teaching that there should be a Secret Rapture of the Church at a secret coming until this was given forth as an 'utterance in Mr. Irving's church from what was then received as being the voice of the Spirit. But whether anyone ever asserted such a thing or not it was from that supposed revelation that the modern doctrine and the modern phraseology respecting it arose. It came, not from Holy Scripture, but from that which falsely pretended to be the Spirit of God."
held was the corrupt church, now ripe for judgment. The great tribulation was to come between the resurrection of the righteous and the "rapture" of the saints, and the overthrow of Satanthis to be followed by the millennial reign of Christ and His saints on earth.
At the same time, the Plymouth Brethren, following J. N. Darby, similarly taught a pretribulation rapture as the initial coming of Christ for His saints. They put the antichrist and his three-and-a-half-year persecution after the coming of Christ for the first resurrection, in the delayed seventieth week, at the end of which would be a further visible coming, or "revelation," of Christ
with His saints, for the judgment of the living nations. While the Irvingites believed a "sealing" would provide escape from the great tribulation, Darby held that no Christian would pass through it. Darby also is credited with the introduction of dispensationalism, although it was not entirely new with him. The teaching of these two groupsthe Irvingites and the followers of Darby, particularly the latterhas profoundly influenced present-day fundamentalist
VIII. American Premillennialism in the Nineteenth Century
In America the new premillennialism vigorously opposed the strongly entrenched postmillennialism that was flourishing in the New World atmosphere of reform, utopianism, and general rosy optimism for the perfectibility of mankind.*
*Wholly apart from the great Second Advent Movement of Miller and his associates, and largely prior thereto, there were a number of small, eccentric, chiliastic or utopian organizations in North America that practiced communal living. Some introduced strange sectarian, political, theosophical, or dispensational chiliasmbut held the reign of the saints to be with Christ on earth during the thousand years. These, in varying degrees, combined their eccentricities with premillennialism or postmillennialism, but stressed, along with their oddities, the familiar ideals of the pure church and the chiliastic earthly reign of the saints with Christ.
1. New World Advent Movement Premillennial.The widespread New World Advent movement in the fourth and fifth decades of the nineteenth century, counterpart of the Old World awakening, was led by a thousand premillennialist heralds. It was an interdenominational movement, surpassing the Old World emphasis in extent, intensity, and clarity. This included the Millerite movement, probably 100,000 strong. All, including literalists, were ardent premillennialists holding that the millennial period would be introduced by the second personal advent and bounded by the two literal resurrections. Some taught the restoration of the Jews and other views derived from the writings of the British literalists; at least one held a rapture theory, though the separated seventieth week was a later importation. They were historicists, with a papal (or Mohammedan) Antichrist. Futurism developed later among American premillennialists. The literalists were regarded by the Millerites as brethren and allies against postmillennialism in proclaiming "the Advent near," in spite of their differences on the nature of the millennium.
The literalists disagreed with the postmillennialists on the means of setting up the millennial kingdom, and to a considerable degree on the nature of the kingdom. However, they agreed with them in separating the millennium from the eternal state; they had the unregenerate nations still on earth, with birth and death, sin
and repentance, still operating. There was a confusion of views on the relationship of the glorified saints to the unregenerate nations, and the part played by the Jews, and also on the prophetic fulfillments leading to the millennium, which was variously expected as the restoration of the Jews, the cleansing of the church, the fall of the Papacy, Mohammedanism, or the Turks, or some other event.
2. The Millerites Introduce New Millennial Concept.Through this tangle of conflicting millennial expectations William Miller and his associates cut a clean swath in the direction of a new and different concept. "No temporal millennium," they said. By that they meant that the millennial reign was not in "time," with death, decay, and sin still present, but was the first portion of the eternal state. They held that when Christ comes again the day of human probation is ended, that all the sinners are slain by the overpowering brightness of the second advent, and all the redeemed are resurrected and/or transformed for eternity. They taught that the earth is renewed by fire, and that on it begins the kingdom of eternitywhich is merely punctuated at the end of a thousand years by the final disposal of "the rest of the dead." That is, the sinners will be resurrected and, led by the released Satan, will attempt to take the Holy City, which has come down out of heaven to the earth; and then comes the final judgment and the execution of the sentence on the wicked.
Thus the Millerites denied, on the one hand, the postmillennialist spiritualization of the millennium into a human utopia, and on the other hand, the premillennialist literalism that required detailed
fulfillments, after the second advent, of the Old Testament prophecies of the earthly rule of Israel over carnal nations.
3. A Nontemporal, Non-Jewish Millennium Distinguishes Millerism.The Millerite view that during the millennium only the immortalized saints are livingincluding redeemed Jews and Gentiles, without distinctioneliminated at one stroke both the temporal and the Jewish aspect of the millennial reign. This, not date setting, was the basic difference that set the Millerites apart from their contemporaries, both premillennialist and postmillennialist.
There were opponents of Miller in both camps who set approximately the same time as he for either the beginning of the millennium or the second advent or both, but who attacked the Millerite view that the millennium was to be the beginning of the eternal state and not a golden age of the church or a kingdom of the Jews (for example, George Bush, postmillennialist, and Richard Shimeall, premillennialist). Unfortunately only the
disappointment of the Millerites is remembered today, because their hopes were more specific, more spectacular, and more widely publicized. It should be remembered that the others were equally mistaken, and
their dates also passed by without the glorious events they expected.
IX. Later Development of Premillennialism
In the latter half of the century premillennialism and postmillennialism tended to follow a new line of cleavage. Postmillennialism, with its program of progressive righteousness, tended to ally itself with the
humanistic and evolutionary view of human progress, and to merge into the social gospel and modernism. At the same time premillennialism tended to become equated with fundamentalism. And premillennialism flowed in two streams rising from the two views exemplified by the Millerites and the literalists.
1. Adventist Views Derived from Millerites.Following the breakup of the Millerite movement came the formation of Adventist denominations. Of these the Seventh-day Adventists became the leading group, continuing and developing further the Millerite type of premillennialism, with a nontemporal, non-Jewish millennium. (The Seventh-day Adventist understanding of the millennium appears in the answer to Question 39).
2. Literalism Becomes Futuristic, Dispensationalist.Most premillennialists outside the Adventist churches eventually abandoned the historicist for the futurist position. Rising among the literalists and developing through Plymouth Brethrenism, there gradually grew up a full-fledged system of futurist-pretribulationist-dispensationalist teaching propagated by professional evangelists, interdenominational prophetic conferences, and Bible schools. This system has largely pre-empted the term "premillennialism," though not all premillennialists hold it, and there is sharp divergence over various details.
Present-day pretribulationists, now constituting an influential group, hold that there are two stages to the second coming, and that when Christ comes for His own, the watching saints are first secretly caught away, and so avoid the tribulation. Meanwhile the Jews,
having returned to Jerusalem, restore their system of sacrifices centered in a rebuilt temple. The malign Antichrist then sets up his kingdom, and the three-and-one-half-year tribulation begins. This all comes within a fateful seven-year periodthe seventieth week of Daniel 9. Then comes the second aspect of the second comingthe revelation, or appearing, of Christ, with His saints, to establish the millennial kingdom, in which Christ and the saints reign. The surviving nations are ruled by the now converted Jews in the flesh on a partly renovated earth, on which the law is again in effect after being in abeyance throughout the church age. The inwardly rebellious nations, ruled with "a rod of iron" during the thousand years, revolt in the end, and the judgment ensues. Then the millennial kingdom continues in the eternal state.
Along with this came the development of an elaborate division of the Bible into dispensational compartments (with antinomian tendencies), in a doctrine of mutual exclusiveness between law and grace. (For the vast difference between modern futurist premillennialism and the historic premillennialism of the early church, see pp. 302-308).
This form of premillennialism has been opposed in recent years by the view called amillennialismin some ways a revival of the Augustinian view.
X. Amillennialism Revives Augustinian Concept
1. A Figurative Millennium.To amillennialists there is no actual, literal thousand years as a special closing period of human history, distinct from the present era.
The millennium is simply the present period
in which we are now living, extending from the first to the second advent of Christ. As in the Augustinian theory of the Catholics, the "first resurrection" is spiritualfrom death in sin to spiritual life in Christ. The general resurrection of all the dead occurs at the second advent, which will usher in the eternal world. Satan was "bound" by the first advent of our Lord, and expelled from the individual hearts of His followers. Thus their "reign" with Him begins.
This "reign" of the saints embraces both the spiritual reign of the spirits in heaven, and the reign of the saints with Christ on earth before the final judgment. The "thousand" they interpret as the symbolic number of perfectionthe complete period between the two comings of Christ. The concept of Satan's being now bound in any world sense, as some claim, is absurd, they say, as world conditions testify. And the "resurrection" will go wherever the gospel is preached, continuing until the second coming of Christ at the end of time, to destroy antichrist, raise the dead, and establish the eternal kingdom.
2. Amillennialism and Premillennialism Compared..Like the premillennialist, the amillennialist believes there will be an admixture of good and evil up to the time of the second advent, and he does not believe the world will get better and better, or that all society will be Christianized. Rather, when the hosts of Satan are on the point of complete victory, Christ appears in glory, and resurrected dead and the transfigured living saints are caught up to be with their Saviour.
But amillennialists reject a literal interpretation that calls for a re-establishment of the Jews as God's people and a restoration of the Temple ritual. Neither do they look for an actual battle of Gog and Magog at the close of the millennium. In other words, the prophecies merely predict the peace that will come to earth as the result of Christ's first advent as Saviour, and in a figurative way portray the blessings and glories of the world to come, the exalted glory of the redeemed, and the completeness of Satan's overthrow, which ends in total triumph for Christ. That is amillennialism, which has wide acceptance today. In varying forms, it has its adherents among Roman Catholics, Protestant liberals, and even within the ranks of conservative Reformed theology. (See John F. Walvoord, "Amillennial Eschatology,"
Bibliotheca Sacra, January-March, 1951.)
Thus the pendulum, as concerns the millennial reign, has swung back and forth, producing a confusing and conflicting picture. But what constitutes an inseparable factor in the complicated setting that lies back of the differing positions is the chiliastic concept of millennialismthat of a literal reign on earth and in time, between the present age and the eternal state. This point needs discussion.
XI. The Trail of Materialistic Chiliasm Across the Centuries
As noted, a prominent feature of early church pre-millennialism was the chiliastic
conceptthat the reign of the saints would be exercised on earth. But for this the early church went outside Revelation 20the only Biblical reference to the thousand yearswhich does not describe or locate the reign. The idea of a material,
earthly kingdom was derived partly from the use of the old Testament prophecies of the Messianic kingdom, which the church applied to itself. Further, the Jewish Christians were steeped in the Jewish apocalyptic writings, which embodied their nationalistic aspirations for a glorious earthly kingdom, and which contain fantastic accounts of the fertility, plenty, and material prosperity of that period. At the same time the Gentile converts from the Roman world of the first century had a background of then-current pagan dreams of a coming golden age. Even the Jewish apocalyptic notion of thousand-year periods corresponding to the days of creation week was matched by pagan traditions (Etruscan and Persian) of a six-thousand-year duration of the race.
Since the early church regarded itself as the true Israel of the promises, it applied the kingdom prophecies to the saints, not to the Jews, though it saw no hope of an actual church kingdom in the then-present Roman age. Considering the fact that the church was tinged with current philosophical concepts, such as that of the inherent evil of matter, it could not allow a material kingdom in the new heavens and new earth of the eternal state. Hence it naturally placed this Jewish-pagan-Christian golden age during the millennium, after the advent, but before eternity. The ideas were superimposed upon the scriptural doctrine of the millennium, and the prophecies of the new earth were put on a definitely materialistic and temporal basis. The persecuted Christians came to aspire to an earthly rule of a triumphant church. But the extraneous teaching of gross
materialismthe claims of fantastic fertility and even carnality that were predicted of the reign of the
saints on earthbecame so repugnant to many that chiliasm was regarded as a heresy, and for a brief period the Apocalypse was in some quarters regarded as not apostolic, and therefore was even omitted from the Sacred Canon.*
So it was, that because of chiliastic views of the millennium, the very doctrine of millennialism was discredited. Similarly, abandonment of premillennialism was hastened by the favorable status the church attained in the fourth century under Constantine. As their influence steadily increased, the Christians began to apply the predictions of the future Messianic kingdom to the then-present Christian church. Eventually the exchange of the
future dominion of the saints in the Holy City for the present dominion of the church on earth, became a basis for the totalitarian rule of medieval Catholicism, with its persecutions.
The Reformation had to resist a different but equally fallacious chiliasmnot only an earthly but a political and revolutionary kingdom of the saints, set up by fire and sword before the advent and the
resurrectionówitness the excesses of Thomas Muntzer and some of the Anabaptists, the prophets of Zwickau and the French prophets of the Cervennes and, later, the Fifth Monarchy men in England.
*According to Bishop B. F. Westcott (A General Survey of the History of Canon of the New Testament, 1875, ch. 20), by the close of the second century the Apocalypse was acknowledged as apostolic and authoritative throughout the church, except in the Syriac version. But after almost universal acceptance among the Fathers, it fell temporarily into discredit because of opposition to chiliastic millennialism by Dionysius of Alexandria (died 265). Cyril of Jerusalem (died 386) and Gregory of Nazianzus (died 389) excluded the Apocalypse from their catalogs of the New Testament books,. and Chrysostom (died 407) nowhere quoted it. It was omitted from the canon list by the fourth-century Council of Laodicea. But in 367 Athanasius included it in his enumeration, and the Councils of Hippo (393) and Carthage (397) declared it canonical. Soon all doubts disappeared. (See The Prophetic Faith of Our Fathers, vol. 1, pp. 103-107.)
The earthliness of the millennial reign was given a new turn in Whitby's postmillennialism, with its churchly golden age. The early American churches were strongly chiliastic, inheriting the pure-church ideal from the Anabaptists, who passed it on to the Baptists and Congregationalists. Their chiliasm raised exuberant hopes of a postmillennialist program of social regeneration to be realized in the churches. Thence also came numerous nineteenth-century attempts to bring the kingdom of God on earth, not only through revivalist-pietist church activity and varying reforms of every shade but also through sociopolitical channels and communal utopias. In the early-nineteenth-century expectation of the inauguration of the millennium such schemes multiplied rapidly. Also in the nineteenth century a "Judaistic" chiliasm stemming from the extreme literalism of the British Advent awakening emphasized not only the conversion of the Jews but also a restoration of the Jewish nation, a rebuilding of the Jewish temple, and re-establishment of the sacrificial system, as well as a Jewish political domination, and a coercive "iron-rod" rule of Christ over the rebellious nations.
Nor is the doctrine of chiliasm merely an academic question of what is to happen in the future, with no practical significance to us today. As a matter of fact, the political implications of this future-Jewish-kingdom concept are obvious, and its effects have been seen in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. There is evident at the present time an unfortunate confusion between recognizing the historical fulfillment of prophecy and attempting to use prophetic interpretation as an instrument for influencing political and
interna tional policy.
Stemming also from this futurist view that the Jews are to be God's elect, to whom all the kingdom prophecies must yet be literally fulfilled, is an unprecedented interpretive system with dangerous tendencies. It is embodied in a dispensationalist emphasis that rebuilds the wall of partition between Jew and Gentile that Jesus obliterated, that separates law from grace in thoroughly antinomian fashion, and that deflects from the Christian church the promises and the covenants and large portions of the Bible, especially the Gospels, giving to the Jew, rather than to the Christian, not only the Decalogue, but also the Beatitudes and the Lord's Prayer. Fortunately, although most premillennialists in the various churches today belong to this general school of thought, not all of them subscribe to all these views or carry them to their logical conclusions. It is unfortunate that some writers who have abandoned this futurist premillennialism have so often merely exchanged their chiliasm for amillennialism.
This survey calls attention to the fact that through the centuries the chiliastic expectation of an earthly millennial kingdom in the flesh, with coercive rule over unregenerate men, has been the root of doctrinal distortion, fanatical views, excess, totalitarianism, persecution, and even political revolution. None of these is inherent in premillennialism as based on the Scriptures, unmixed with Jewish traditions and pagan concepts, as will be shown in the answer to Question 39.

domain: library


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Concierge Orthopedics Specialist
Board Certified Orthopedic Surgeon in Las Vegas, NV
Concierge Orthopedics Services
offered in Las Vegas, NV
Very often, it takes weeks to schedule a doctor’s appointment that lasts just 10 minutes or so, but people may have pressing medical concerns that need to be addressed promptly. Brian Carr, MD, and his team provide concierge services that ensure you get to see your physician quickly with around-the-clock access. To learn more about concierge orthopedics with Las Vegas Concierge Orthopedics in Las Vegas, Nevada, call or book online today.
Concierge Orthopedics Q & A
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Concierge medicine offers patients a better, faster way to access the care they need. The Las Vegas Concierge Orthopedics team provides this service for patients with musculoskeletal diseases and injuries.
With concierge orthopedics, you receive significant benefits, including:
Possible same-day services
As much time as you need with your doctor
Fast access to reports and test results
Round-the-clock email and phone access to your doctor
Concierge orthopedics is available whether you have insurance or not.
Why should I consider concierge orthopedics?
Most people have to wait for weeks before seeing a doctor. When you do have your consultation, it may only last for 10 minutes, which is barely enough time for your doctor to perform a thorough physical exam, review your medical history, and talk to you about your symptoms.
This approach is frustrating and might make you wonder if you’re getting the best possible care. Concierge orthopedics enables you to see your doctor promptly. They won’t rush through your appointment but spend time getting to the root of your problems. You can also speak to your doctor between appointments whenever you need to.
With the concierge orthopedics approach, you can be confident you’re receiving optimal care and personalized treatment. The result is better outcomes — faster healing of injuries and better management of chronic conditions.
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At your concierge orthopedics consultation, you get comprehensive diagnostic services for injuries and diseases affecting your bones, muscles, connective tissues, cartilage, and nerves — all the components of your musculoskeletal system. These conditions include:
Trauma from auto accidents, falls, and other sudden injuries can result in fractures and dislocations.
Common sports injuries include meniscal tears in the knees, labral tears in the hips and shoulders, rotator cuff injuries, sprains (damaged ligaments), and strains (damaged tendons).
Overuse injuries cause tiny areas of damage that build up over time. Examples include tendonitis and stress fractures.
Chronic conditions are a major orthopedic problem. They include common causes of back and neck pain, like spinal stenosis, degenerative disc disease, vertebral compression fractures from osteoporosis, and spondylolisthesis. One of the common chronic diseases is arthritis, which causes long-term joint pain, stiffness, and weakness.
Any tests, scans, and treatments you need for your condition are usually provided at an additional cost.
To learn more about concierge orthopedics with Las Vegas Concierge Orthopedics in Las Vegas, Nevada, call or book online today.

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NEW YORK (AP) — Former WWE champ Dwayne “The Rock” Johnson can add People’s “Sexiest Man Alive” title to his list of accomplishments.
This just means I'm still up at 4am trainin' hard, takin' care of my babies, drivin' my pick up truck and tellin' a few dirty/nerdy jokes… extremely sexily of course. Huge THANK YOU you to the entire hard working and very cool staff at @People as well as all the fans worldwide. I'm honored and grateful for the luv! Remember, sexy isn't something you "try and be". Sexy happens naturally when you're comfortable just being yourself. Trust me, I'm an expert at this. (plus I read the "how to be sexy and a great kisser" guide when I was 8). #SexiestManAlive [Photo: @JeffLipsky]
The wrestler-turned-actor was crowned this year’s winner Tuesday morning. The 44-year-old tells the magazine that the honor means he has “pretty much reached the pinnacle.” Johnson is set to discuss his new status with Ellen DeGeneres on her talk show Tuesday.
Last year’s winner was British soccer standout David Beckham. Other recent winners include Chris Hemsworth, Adam Levine and Channing Tatum.
Johnson has lent his voice to a character in the animated Disney film “Moana,” which hits theaters next week.
GOOD KISSER: Sexy Celebrity PDA
1. Neyo and his wife CrystalSource:Crystal Renay Instagram 1 of 21
2. Sevyn Streeter and BoBSource:Sevyn's Instagram 2 of 21
3. Omarion and April JonesSource:Omarion's Instagram 3 of 21
4. Draya and Orlando ScandrickSource:Draya's Instagram 4 of 21
5. Tia Mowry and husband Cory HardictSource:Instagram 5 of 21
6. Bobbi Kristina and Nick GordonSource:Instagram 6 of 21
7. Teyana Taylor and husband Iman ShumpertSource:Instagram 7 of 21
8. Tank and his fiance Zena FosterSource:Tank's Instagram 8 of 21
9. Kandi and Todd BurrussSource:Kandi's Instagram 9 of 21
10. Bow Wow and Erica MenaSource:Bow Wow's Instagram 10 of 21
11. Wiz Khalifa and her ex Amber RoseSource:PR Photos 11 of 21
12. Will and Jada Pinkett SmithSource:PR Photos 12 of 21
13. Niecy Nash and husbandSource:Niecy's Instagram 13 of 21
14. Christina Milian and Jas PrinceSource:Christina's Instagram 14 of 21
15. Nick Cannon and Mariah CareySource:Nick's Instagram 15 of 21
16. P. Diddy and CassieSource:Cassie's Instagram 16 of 21
17. Gabrielle Union and Dwayne WadeSource:Gabrielle's Instagram 17 of 21
18. Karrueche and Chris BrownSource:Karrueche's Instagram 18 of 21
19. Kanye West and Kim KardashianSource:Kim's Instagram 19 of 21
20. Kevin Hart and EnikoSource:Kevin's Instagram 20 of 21
21. Jay Z and BeyonceSource:Beyonce's Tumblr 21 of 21
(Photo Source: AP)


This "Smart" power strip is a surge protector with a "Simple One Button Timed Outlet" for 3 Hours. The Smart Strip eliminates, phantom current to all other plugged in devices after the 3-hour timed charging period.
4 socket wall mount design, 3-hour timed charge socket, 90 degree space saver plug
The Smart PowerSaver Strip offers "Surge Protection" and connected equipment insurance of $50,000.
Ideal for use with power tool equipment and workbench tools.
This product line is simple to use including the following specialty features -one button timer and 20 minute trickle charge timer.
Take Charge products offer significant power saving with daily use. This new Smart Power Saver line will appeal to the green conscious and the pro consumer.
This new product line is segmented to the DIY/Contractor Pro consumer. Use of this product will prevent overcharging of power tool batteries and damage from battery cycling.
The Smart Power Strip is a surge protector that turns off your peripheral items (printers, monitors & anything with a transformer) when you turn off your computer or when it's set in sleep mode. . California residents Click here for Proposition 65 warning


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Stella York – 7261
Say “I do” to this jaw-dropping halter neck wedding dress! Large-scale floral laces are thoughtfully placed atop a Chantilly lace underlay for a really dimensional, textural look that appears seamless throughout the sultry fit-and-flare silhouette. With an organic finish along the halter neckline, these straps continue into a floating lace motif over the back that will have your guests doing a double-take. View more dresses here.
|Fabric:||Lace & Tulle|
|Avail. Colours:||Ivory/Ivory, Ivory/Moscato, White/White|
|Avail. Sizes:||SA 28 - SA 54|


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The jump from 32-bit systems to 128-bit systems did usher in a great new realm of possibilities. We did get more realistic sports games. We did get great big environments. We did play in more interactive worlds. But in many ways, we were disappointed. The jump in interactive storytelling, the upgrade to AI, and the lack of realism, among other things, were still letdowns. On a side note, I don't think anyone would have predicted that open-design games such as Grand Theft Auto, sandbox games such as Battlefield 1942, and innovative customizable games such as Deus Ex would be such huge influences on the future of game design.
So, here we are on the cusp of the next generation of systems. What's going to happen? Where will we go? What will the best and most creative minds bring the always hungry, always surprising gaming public? I've thought about it and spoken with other editors at IGN about what we'd like to see in the next generation of games and these are a few of our ideas. This list isn't about hardware, tech specs, polygons, or whether we should use Blu-Ray or not. It's about game ideas. It's about how we'd like to see videogames evolve and where we'd like them to go.
The Obvious Stuff
Intelligent Artificial Intelligence
The biggest disappointment in this generation of games has to be the lack of innovation in artificial intelligence. There have been little breakthroughs: Platformers now feature enemy AI leaving their little cone of defense and chasing you around an environment; AI recognizes various levels of danger (just watch the enemies in MGS3); and AI gangs congregate to slaughter you (Manhunt). There are hundreds more little improvements, but also hundreds more complaints. And after every game we beat, we wonder why the AI wasn't better.
In driving games, for instance, developers should look to Burnout: Takedown to see why super aggressive AI is actually fun and teaches you to take chances and improve your skill level. In first-person shooters, developers should look to Half-Life 2 and Halo 2 for ideas on how to improve fluid, independent AI behavior. AI should react intelligently to you. It should recognize that you have a bazooka aimed at its head and duck and cover. It should call out to allies and call for back up, use team-behavior to flank, suppress, and attack you. AI should make you think, trap you and set you up for failure, forcing players to think about the game design, patterns, and environment. It should do the things humans are doing now in games, so that when we play next-generation games, we should feel like we're playing against smart humans. Not slightly improved bots. AI should react locally to gun shots: Individual body parts should react with real physics (if shot by a shotgun, a limb should blow apart; if shot by a small handgun, it should bleed but not as severely as when hit by a sniper rifle or a shotgun), and blood and gibs; AI should wince in pain when shot, and it grab particular body parts. Even Virtua Cop did this back in the day. AI should react in a way that's believable, with some sort of intelligence.
Wanted: A Real Emotion Engine
Ugh, the Emotion Engine. What a disappointment. Sure, I've played games in which I felt intense emotions besides fear, anxiety, rage, and excitement. But not that many. There were a few levels in Medal of Honor: Frontline that opened up that emotional box of wonder amazement, and perhaps a glimmer of the chaos and destruction of World War II was like. Ico did a superb job of digging down internally. The Silent Hill games injected a whole new level of fear and surreal uneasy feelings in me. I've been told that Final Fantasy and KOTOR delivered on giving gamers something to care about and feel for, but for the most part, those games are exceptions to the rule. The only thing is, in order to create real emotion in games you have to create characters people care about, write stories that deal with real world emotions (or even science fiction story scenarios that deal with the nature of life and death), and show characters show can convey that emotion like those in Half-Life 2. I'll approach those ideas below.
Shifting direction just a little bit, we need better art direction in our games. Not just more polygons or slicker textures, but games with a better sense of visual style. Off the top of my head, one of the first games that really showed a distinct sense of art direction and style in this generation of games was Sly Cooper and the Thievius Raccoonus. That game oozed with style, and even though it was simple and quick, it became one of my favorites because the main character, Sly, had real character. He wasn't some fuzzy-ass thing with pointed ears and an attitude. He was a smart, slick thief, and a raccoon no less. Not so strangely it worked.
Ico, Metal Gear Solid 2 and 3, Tron 2.0: Killer App, Halo 2, and all of the Grand Theft Auto games delivered great styles, all of which were different and unique to their properties. Former Naughty Dog President Jason Ruben once said that the amount of polygons you have on screen doesn't matter anymore, it's what's you do with them. He is often right, and on this point, he is dead on.


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NHS Hambleton, Richmondshire and Whitby CCG was established as part of the major changes to the NHS set out in the 2010 White Paper Equity and Excellence - Liberating the NHS which became law under the Health and Social Care Act 2012.
From April 2013 Primary Care Trusts were abolished under the 2012 Act and Clinical Commissioning Groups became responsible for commissioning (buying) health and care services including:
- elective hospital care
- rehabilitation care
- urgent and emergency care
- most community health services
- mental health and learning disability services.
The CCG is overseen by NHS England, which is a national body formed under the 2012 Act. Regional offices of NHS England oversee CCGs and also manage primary care commissioning, including holding GP practices NHS contracts.
Further information about the CCG, it's roles and responsibilities, functions and general duties can be found in our Constitution
This diagram explains simply the new structure of the NHS.
The NHS Constitution for England can be found on the Department of Health website
Watch this helpful video from The King's Fund called 'How does the NHS in England work? An alternative guide':


I'm trying to make my 8700 desktop VR ready and need to upgrade the graphics card to do so. I was wondering what VR capable cards would work with my existing system. It looks like the Nvidia GTX 1050 ti would work fine, but the VR hardware recommends the 1060, which needs an 8-pin PCI-E power connector. Does anyone know if the 8700 has this, or maybe a 6-pin connector instead? If not, can anyone recommend a good alternative VR ready graphics card? I'm looking at EVGA products for everything mentioned above.
Solved! Go to Solution.
So the post above is for the adapter cable. The XPS 8700 stock power supply has two six pin PCIe, and that adapter will convert it to a single 8 pin.
From what I've read, GTX 1060 is minimum for VR, and it is also the beefiest card that the stock PSU in an 8700 will run.
You must upgrade to Bios A10 ( Win7/8) or A11 ( Win10 ) for any of the GTX 10x0 cards to work.
I would also read up on the GTX 1060 and if it is enough card for VR. If you need a GTX 1070 or a 1080, you should upgrade the power supply.