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Title: Designing for man in an automated world
Pages: 58 - 63
Author: Ronald E.Fischbacher
Text: Designing for man in an automated world
by Ronald E. Fischbacher
The fiftieth anniversary this year of the Scientific Instrument Makers' Association is being supported by an exhibition of modern British instruments at The Design Centre from October 5-November 19. In the article here, the deputy director of the Scientific Instrument Research Association describes some of the major technical developments in the fast expanding field of industrial measuring and control equipment, and goes on to discuss some problems that these developments pose for the designer. His article is followed by three short case histories of instruments included in the exhibition.
It is almost as difficult a task to define an instrument as it is to define design: the definitions of both have been argued at length. Even to limit the scope to scientific instruments leaves a very heterogeneous field. In this article, I shall restrict myself to the field of industrial measuring and control equipment used in the process industries. This is an important, fast growing, fast changing field, worthy of the attention of the industrial designer. For a subject so large, this can be no more than a brief introduction.
The opportunity - and the need - that exists for the industrial designer can readily be illustrated. When I set out to write this article, I was surprised to encounter some difficulty in summoning up a notable example of a well designed instrument in this field. Suspecting a mental lapse, I posed the question independently to two prominent instrument users. The reply was the same in both cases: "Certainly there must be some, but I can't think of one just at the moment". The conclusion is inescapable - that there are few classic designs in this particular field.
Automation and miniaturisation
Before looking at the factors directly affecting design, we must consider the forces at work in the development of new instruments. First is the trend to automatic rather than human control. Whereas in the past the prime purpose of an instrument was to convey information to a man, now it is more likely to be required to feed information to a computer, controller, data logger or actuator. It may also have to impart its information to man, but this is becoming a subsidiary role.
The second important trend is that of miniaturisation. This is not just a current fetish. Increasing use of instrumentation on large plant installations means that either control rooms become impossibly large, or instruments become ever smaller. To an appreciable extent, too, printed circuits, miniature components, and now possibly integrated circuits, contribute to the reliability of the modern electronic instrument.
A third constraint on the designer is i m posed by the modular form that the panel-mounted units of instrumentation systems are assuming. The lack of a single standard size for these modules is an immediate difficulty that will no doubt be resolved in due course.
An instrument may perform some or all of the functions shown in on the following page. These functions may all be included within a single unit, or there may be a separate unit performing each function. For example, a turbine flowmeter may comprise a turbine housing in series with the plant flow line. a display in the control room, and an associated electronic unit at some intermediate point. Alternatively, the output from the electronic unit may be fed into a computing unit, along with the output from a density meter, to obtain mass flow. What then constitutes the instrument ? In this light we have to consider the design problems of the separate elements or components individually.
Design of the transducer (the primary sensor) is to a very large extent dictated by the conditions under which it will have to work, and transducers have to work under the most arduous conditions imaginable -from the heat of the blast furnace to the corrosive power of liquid sodium. These tax the ingenuity and ability of the materials scientist and the mechanical engineer.
Because of this, the contribution which the industrial designer can make to economy of design, ease of accessibility and ready replacement may be overlooked. Robustness rather than aesthetic appeal is
Designing for man in an automated world
1. The basic functions of an instrument The transducer detects the measured quantity and transforms it into a suitable form (electrical, mechanical, pneumatic, etc) for further processing. A microphone, for example, translates sound vibrations into electrical impulses.
The processing unit modifies the signal in such a way as to enable it to be used to display information, or to enable it to be used to actuate or control. The most usual function of the processor is to amplify, as in the case of the microphone. It may, however; perform much more complex operations in the form of analogue or digital computers.
The display may take a number of forms - digital (eg, numerical display tubes or typewriter print-out), analogue (eg, meters or pen recorders), or a combination of both presented on a cathode ray tube. The sound coming over a loudspeaker may be regarded as an aural display.
The actuator is a control device operated by the signal, and may take the form of a switch (eg, in a temperature controller) or a valve (eg, in a flow controller). It is normally part of the control system, but in some cases may be part of the instrument itself.
2. This instrument controls temperature at a pre-set level. The knob in the bottom left hand corner sets the lower pointer to the desired temperature, and is removable to prevent interference. Maker Ether Controls Ltd. a desirable feature in a piece of equipment which must withstand being clambered over, hosed down and belaboured in transit by a variety of solid objects. The designer can therefore contribute to the durability of the external housing of the transducer, to its compatibility with environment, and to the protection afforded to the often delicate mechanism or elements within.
But he meddles with that mechanism at his peril; the constraints are too often already those of the limits of science or technology and manufacturing skill, rather than those of ergonomics or aesthetics. Nevertheless, the originator needs to be exposed to the pressure of the industrial designer to be certain that an optical system cannot be 'folded', or have its components rearranged, in a manner which will facilitate the design of a more compact or acceptable unit without detriment to the performance of the transducer.
Processing or operational units
The equipment may be electrical, pneumatic or hydraulic, but since the former is likely to predominate we shall use it as an example. Similar arguments are likely to apply to the others.
We have already noted that the most marked trend is to miniaturisation. Present generation electronic units employing transistors and printed circuits make possible volume reduction by a factor of 10 or more on comparable valve and conventional wired-chassis construction. Future generations of equipment employing thin film or integrated circuits foreshadow further volume reduction by factors of 100, or even 1,000, in operational circuitry, 8. Similar reductions are to be expected in pneumatic logic devices and fluid amplifiers.
But the size of human fingers and the resolution of the human eye remain the same. Some of the photographs illustrate the problems that already arise in designing instrument units. Whatever the future may hold by way of computer control and data processing, the day is still far off when instruments will not have to be set up by hand, or when reversion to manual control in emergency situations will not be necessary.
For some time to come, therefore, we shall have to face up to the problems posed by the necessity to accommodate control knobs, power and signal connectors and local indicators or meters, on panels which are steadily shrinking in size. Equipment whose primary function is to control without human intervention must still be compatible with human manipulative and interpretative ability. Here indeed is a challenge to the industrial designer; too many of the instrument panels to be seen today are gestures of despair on the part of the engineer who has not appreciated the contribution that can be made by the trained designer. Fresh thinking must be brought to bear on this problem, which is likely to become yet more severe.
A further problem arising from this era of transition between human and fully automatic control is illustrated in I. The fear of the unauthorised 'knob twiddler' has prompted many solutions, none
3-5 The unit, a, from a modular amplifying system, illustrates the problem posed by the need to accommodate a large number of control knobs on small modular panels. The crowding becomes even more marked when the modules are mounted in a rack assembly, 4, and emphasises the problems both of identification and physical control. The latest version of the instrument, 5, shows how careful design can make a considerable improvement. Maker S. E. Laboratories Ltd.
entirely satisfactory, to the problem of making authorised adjustments easy, but unauthorised adjustments difficult or impossible. The knob in the lower left hand corner is used to set the point at which this recording controller controls the process. The knob is removable so that it can be retained by the person authorised to make the adjustment; but a removable knob or control is one which can also be lost. Many alternative solutions (such as lockable cover plates) have been tried, but it is difficult to find an entirely satisfactory one.
Maintenance depends very much on the accessibility of sub-units or individual components. Accessibility in general has improved enormously over the last decade or so, but in many instruments component packing density will inevitably remain high; and to ensure ready access to each component requires careful attention to detail. Talk of 'throw away' replaceable units has long been heard, but such a policy is as yet far from being economical.
Once integrated circuits or miniature fluid logic elements are in widespread use, it will then become necessary to throw away faulty or damaged sub-units, since this type of operational element is not likely to be repairable. Today, the largest users of instruments may find it possible to maintain a stock of spare sub-units for instant replacement, allowing time to repair faults at leisure or to return the defective unit to the manufacturer; the small user certainly cannot afford the luxury of ready spares.
It must be borne in mind that ready removal of parts does not alone ensure good maintainability in this context. To be able to remedy faults, it is usually necessary to have access to the equipment when it is working. One approach is to give effective accessibility by providing 'patching' connections to a sub-unit physically removed from the main unit.
The ergonomic factors in i nstrument units do not differ essentially from principles already well established and frequently described, once it is realised that the ancillary role of manual operation is nevertheless a vital one. Much has been written about informative, unambiguous labelling; but these well established principles are still not being applied as widely as they should be.
Keeping displays readable
Two forms of display may be regarded as traditional in the process control field. The first is the moving pointer meter, about which a great deal has been written, and which has undergone many improvements in recent years. The second is the chart recorder, with circular or strip chart as the recording medium.
Improved readability of pointers and scales has resulted from practices now codified in BS 3693. Improved bezel design has at the same time improved scale illumination. Once again, however, the trend to miniaturisation, especially of instrument-mounted meters, and the secondary role of many meters which have to be read only in emergency or start-up situations, can lead the unwary to install a meter of a size which taxes or defies the eye of the user, although it
6. A further aspect of the problem of accommodating controls and terminals on small modular panels is shown in these units. The cover plate shown in position only on the left hand unit protects the connections and helps to reduce clutter, although when the panels are connected the leads emerging from behind the cover plates will still make it difficult to keep the instrument looking tidy. A group of units in this range is also illustrated on page 58. Maker Bailey Meters & Controls Ltd.
looks neat on the panel.
Some of the functions of pointer meters are being replaced by digital displays. A great variety of these exist, some ill adapted to quick and accurate reading, others inadequately visible under widely varying conditions of ambient illumination or viewing angle. Care must be exercised not only in selecting the most suitable form of digital display, but also in deciding whether in the circumstances digital or analogue display is most appropriate. Digital display can be as accurate as the associated equipment allows (but no more so), while analogue pointer information can be more instantaneously absorbed.
Chart recorders have also shrunk in size, to the point where it is claimed that the requirements of accuracy have to take into account the ratio of chart width to inkline width. An increasing amount of data is, of course, being stored digitally in computer-compatible form. There are many situations, however, where the analogue trace on a recorder can give speedier understanding of trends and the nature of change. In such situations, the ancillary role of the recorder must not be allowed to overshadow its ergonomic functions.
Mimic diagrams and display consoles also pose problems that are not always fully appreciated. The pictorial nature of a graphic display can readily distract attention from the fact that its most frequent function is to indicate promptly the occurrence of 'off-normal' conditions. Since the human eye readily detects lack of symmetry or uniformity, 'normal' conditions can be made to coincide with aligned pointers, uniformity of coloured indicators and other devices which eliminate the necessity of checking actual readings.
What of future trends ? In the mainstream stands the computer analogue, digital or hybrid. The item which is likely to stand out longest against the computer is the transducer. It is likely, however, that the transducer will incorporate within it, or close to it, microminiature circuits which can be interrogated by the computer. Processing units may then largely disappear, being replaced in function by computer sub-programmes. Displays in present form are likely to be subordinated to a master display fed from the computer. Such displays are already in use in advanced applications. Desired information can be called up by simple selection by touch or by light-pen from a list of electronically presented alternatives on the screen.
Such fundamental changes in concept are already within reach; yet they represent only one end of a spectrum of items of plant instrumentation that extends from control of a complete oil refinery down to a single temperature controller in a small process shop, where any computer is beyond reach. As far ahead as we can see, man-machine compatibility must be maintained at the component level as well as the system level, and the most exciting developments which are now taking place in the industry must not be allowed to obscure this basic fact.
7. This unit, introduced at this year's Instruments, Electronics and Automation exhibition, illustrates developments which are taking place in centralised displays. Information can be called up from a computer or data store by touching the appropriate point on the screen. Similar systems using a light pen to call up new data are employed in other systems such as the American Sketchpad computer aided design equipment (DESIGN 213/47). Maker The Plessey Co Ltd.
8. The group of five valve circuits at the top of this picture, the transistorised circuit, bottom led, and the microcircuit next to it, all perform approximately the same function. Although these circuits have been developed for computers curing the past 10 years, the size reduction is indicative of similar changes which are taking place in the whole field of scientific instruments. Maker Elliott Automation Ltd.


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domain: health


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domain: pet


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Eight states, including Maharashtra and Delhi, are reporting spikes in new COVID-19 cases as India recorded lakh infection in just three days, including the recent surge of over 40,000 cases at the largest daily surge in nearly four months.
The Union Health Department announced the latest COVID-19 update on Saturday, saying that Kerala, on the other hand, is showing a “steadily declining” trend.
Worst-hit state of Maharashtra recorded the highest number of new cases since the pandemic broke out early last year at 27,126, while Delhi reported over 800 cases for the first time this year as the positivity rate exceeded 1 percent. Mark after over two months. The latest data were published on Saturday by the respective health authorities.
When authorities sounded the alarm about the new wave of cases, Randeep Guleria, director of AIIMS, said the “main reason” is because people feel the pandemic is over and they are not following COVID-appropriate behavior.
“There are several reasons for the increase, but the main one is because people’s attitudes are changing and they feel like the coronavirus is over. People should limit non-essential travel for some time,” he said an event that was organized here by the Indian Police Service (Central) Association.
NITI Aayog Member (Health) UK Paul said the chain of transmission needs to be stopped and for this vaccine one tool and another is a containment and surveillance strategy.
“COVID-19’s non-compliance and negligence is a major reason for the surge,” he said at the same event.
The Ministry of Health said Maharashtra, Kerala and Punjab cumulatively accounted for 76.22 percent of India’s total active case numbers, with the western state accounting for 62 percent of those cases, while Kerala and Punjab accounted for 8.83 percent and 5.36 percent of active cases, respectively .
“There is an increase in new cases every day in eight states. These are Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Punjab, Madhya Pradesh, Delhi, Gujarat, Karnataka and Haryana. Kerala is showing a steady downward trend,” the ministry said in a statement.
India reported 40,953 new infections in one day, the highest increase in a day in 111 days, bringing the nationwide COVID-19 number to 1,15,55,284. On November 29, a total of 41,810 new infections were registered within 24 hours.
India registered over one lakh case in just three days. 39,726 new cases were logged on Friday, while 35,871 new cases were recorded the day before.
With an increase for the tenth day in a row, the total number of active cases has reached 2,88,394, representing 2.49 percent of total infections, while the recovery rate has continued to fall to 96.12 percent, according to data from the Department of Health.
The COVID death toll rose to 1.59,558 with 188 new deaths. The ministry added that more than 70 percent of deaths were due to comorbidities.
The 188 new deaths include 70 deaths from Maharashtra, 38 from Punjab and 17 from Kerala.
The number of people who have recovered from the disease rose to 1,11,07,332, while the death rate was 1.38 percent, the official data showed.
Amid a spike in Mumbai coronavirus cases, Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation (BMC) has decided to run over 47,000 rapid antigen tests in public places every day.
Mumbai added more than 37,000 new cases in a month. The BMC saw the highest increase of 3,062 new COVID-19 cases on Friday, bringing the total number of cases to 3,55,897.
In a circular issued on Friday, the agency said that rapid antigen tests would be done free of charge, with the exception of tests in shopping malls. The tests carried out in shopping centers are chargeable.
The tests are compulsory for the selected people, and those who refuse must take action under the Epidemics Act of 1897, the Circular.
“It’s a bitter pill that we must swallow now to check on the rising number of COVID-19 cases in the city. We appeal to citizens to comply with the rapid antigen tests and help with them,” said one Official.
According to the circular, BMC officials aim to conduct 47,800 tests per day at locations such as train stations, bus depots, grocery stores, markets, tourist attractions and government offices.
People are randomly selected for testing.
Even if a person has already been tested, the citizen body will insist on testing again as detecting the infection is more important, the BMC official said.
When asked about vaccinating more people, Paul said the problem was that vaccines were limited and therefore priorities had been set.
“If we had unlimited care, we would open up vaccination to everyone. That is why not everyone is vaccinated. Most countries in the world cannot go beyond the priority group for this reason,” he added.
Paul also said the highest mortality rates were seen in people with comorbidities and older age groups.
“These people are not allowed to delay taking the vaccine. So the message is that they need it more than anyone else. This is why they have been prioritized for receiving the COVID-19 vaccine.”
To date, over four million people in the country have been vaccinated against the disease. In the current phase of the vaccination campaign, people over the age of 60 and people between the ages of 45 and 59 with comorbidities will be vaccinated.
In an effort to contain the spread of the coronavirus in Ahmedabad, one of the cities in Gujarat where cases are increasing, the Citizens’ Bureau said it has decided to restart its efforts to review the virus’s “super-spreaders”.
“Super spreaders” are those people who are likely to spread the infection to large numbers of people.
Individuals such as vegetable sellers, pharmacy owners, grocers, auto rickshaw drivers, limo owners, and bricklayers are required to get ID cards after getting tested for the virus at 18 urban health centers in the city, Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation (AMC). said.
They will be screened by rapid antigen tests and provided with COVID-19 negative IDs, the agency said in a press release.
Aside from them, boys who deliver groceries and those who work in supermarkets need to have their RT-PCR test done.
With Tamil Nadu seeing a sudden spike in coronavirus cases in recent days, the state government ordered schools to be closed for grades 9, 10 and 11 from March 22 pending further orders.
However, they would still work for the 12th standard students as they have to take the board exams.
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domain: medical


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Will the UAE Ditch its Dollar Peg?
Will the uae abandon its currency peg to the dollar? It is a question that investors, economists, analysts and commentators, amongst others, in the UAE and around the world ask periodically.
But due to droping oil prices – Brent crude oil has tumbled more than 40 per cent since November last year – once again, it’s an issue that is taking centrestage.
Like many oil producers whose currencies are pegged to the dollar, the UAE has been hit considerably by the fall in oil prices over the last year-and-a-half. Details

domain: finance


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A Yemeni man looks at a billboard depicting Lebanese Information Minister George Kordahi amid a Houthi campaign supporting Kordahi against the policies of Gulf states at a street in Sana'a, Yemen, on Sunday. Photo by Yahya Arhab/EPA-EFE
BEIRUT, Lebanon, Nov. 2 (UPI) -- Lebanon, facing one of the worst economic crises in the world, received a painful blow when Saudi Arabia, angered by critical comments concerning its military intervention in Yemen, decided to expel its ambassador and ban its imports.
The Saudi move on Friday further strained tense relations with Lebanon, whose new government led by Prime Minister Najib Mikati has been counting on improving ties with the Gulf countries to secure crucial financial assistance to prevent the country's total collapse.
Bahrain, Kuwait and the United Arab Emirates quickly backed Saudi measures, recalling their own ambassadors from Beirut and asking Lebanon's envoys to leave.
The diplomatic row was sparked by Lebanese Information Minister George Kordahi, who described Yemen's seven-year war as "futile" and said Iran-backed Houthi rebels were defending themselves against "external aggression."
Kordahi's remarks, recorded in August -- one month before he was named minister in Mikati's government -- and broadcast last week, were the straw that broke the camel's back after a series of events over years that have soured relations between the two countries.
"The relations between Lebanon and Saudi Arabia were not good even before Kordahi's comments. Ties were already bad," Hilal Khashan, a professor of political science at the American University of Beirut, told UPI.
Saudi Arabia, once Lebanon's main financial and political backer, has been increasingly concerned about the rising influence and dominance of Iran's proxy in Lebanon, the heavily armed Hezbollah.
Saudi Arabia started to distance itself from Lebanon after a "presidential settlement," backed by then-ally former Prime Minister Saad Hariri, who supported the election of Michel Aoun, Hezbollah's main Christian ally, as Lebanon's president in 2016.
A year later, Hariri, then prime minister, was reportedly "forced" to submit his resignation during a trip to Riyadh. He resumed his function after French President Emmanuel Macron intervened to allow his return to Beirut a few days later.
Harsh criticism of Saudi Arabia and insulting remarks were repeatedly voiced by Hezbollah chief Hassan Nasrallah over the years. Moreover, former Foreign Minister Gebran Bassil, a Hezbollah ally and son-in-law of Aoun, repeatedly adopted Hezbollah's positions, especially when he voted against a semi-Arab consensus on Syria at an Arab League meeting. Last May, former Foreign Minister Charbel Wehbe had to quit after provoking the anger of Gulf states whom he blamed for the rise of the Islamic State.
The peak was the continuous smuggling of drugs from Lebanon to Saudi Arabia and other Gulf countries. Riyadh said it had confiscated millions of white amphetamine pills, known as Captagon, hidden in fruit and vegetable shipments from Lebanon. In response, it decided to ban all Lebanese fruit and vegetables.
"It is an accumulation, with Lebanon adapting Hezbollah's positions ... and this has basically escalated the situation to where we are now," Mohanad Hage Ali, an analyst and fellow at the Beirut-based Carnegie Middle East Center, told UPI. "The Gulf countries led by Saudi Arabia are basically saying, 'Enough.'"
The new Saudi-Gulf escalation, Hage Ali said, will rather benefit Hezbollah.
"These measures are impacting the population, further weakening the state and ironically could be benefiting Hezbollah: bringing Lebanon closer to the Iranian and Syrian regimes/axis," he said.
Punitive to population
By imposing a ban on Lebanese imports, that reached $1.04 billion to Gulf Cooperation Council countries in 2020, many see the new Saudi measures as "punitive" and harmful to the Lebanese population rather than to Hezbollah.
However, Saudis could no longer sustain such an approach against them. They want to put a red line.
While the United States has been imposing sanctions on Hezbollah for the past two years, targeting its source of funding and punishing individuals and institutions behind it while trying not to harm Lebanon's economy, what the Saudis are doing "is very different," said Riad Tabbarah, Lebanon's former ambassador in Washington.
"They are punishing Lebanon, by expelling its ambassadors and stopping its exports," Tabbarah told UPI. He explained that Riyadh's new measures were not in line with the U.S. and French approach toward Lebanon.
"France is talking to Hezbollah day and night and the U.S. has an open channel to bring gas from Egypt via Syria" to help ease Lebanon's acute power crisis, Tabbarah said. "The new Saudi measures are a defensive reaction. Saudis could no longer sustain such an approach [from Lebanon] against them and they want to put a red line."
With Kordahi not willing to submit his resignation to help defuse the growing tension with Saudi Arabia and its Gulf partners, Mikati received a boost from the United States and France to maintain his government in order to secure some stability in the country.
"The Americans are not really taking the Saudi anger seriously. They are committed to the maintenance of the Mikati government for a reason," Khashan said.
In September, Mikati succeeded in forming a new government, ending more than a year of stalemate that accelerated the collapse of the crisis-ridden country and further plunged the population into poverty. If he resigns, forming a new cabinet will be difficult and could lead to the cancellation of general elections, scheduled for March 27.
"Hezbollah does not care and does not lose anything if Saudis impose draconian measures on Lebanon," Khashan said. "The Saudis are frustrated and venting their anger at the weakest link, which is Lebanon."
He, however, noted that Saudi-Gulf-Lebanon relations "will not get worse but will not get any better."
At the end, it all depends on the Vienna nuclear talks that are set to resume at the end of this month.
"The main issue in Vienna is not .. whether Iran is to produce a nuclear bomb. There are other issues: Iran's missiles and proxies, like Hezbollah," Kashan said.
He said the United States wants to neutralize Iran's proxies in the region. To Iran, its proxies in the region are more important than the nuclear program... and Hezbollah is more important than its nuclear bomb," he said.
Ruining countries like Lebanon and making them "an easy bite" is what Iran needs "to take over completely," Khashan said.

domain: politics


- 1 What is tillage in farming?
- 2 Is tillage good or bad?
- 3 What is tillage and its importance?
- 4 What is tillage in organic farming?
- 5 What are tillage methods?
- 6 What are the three types of tillage?
- 7 Why is Rototilling bad?
- 8 What are the benefits of no-till farming?
- 9 Is disking bad for soil?
- 10 What are the benefits of tillage?
- 11 What is the use of tillage?
- 12 What are the advantages of soil?
- 13 What are the types of tillage?
- 14 Does organic farming use tillage?
- 15 What are the advantages of organic farming?
What is tillage in farming?
Tillage —turning the soil to control for weeds and pests and to prepare for seeding—has long been part of crop farming. Conservation tillage, in which at least 30 percent of plant residue remains on the field following harvest, is less intensive than conventional tillage.
Is tillage good or bad?
However, tillage has all along been contributing negatively to soil quality. Since tillage fractures the soil, it disrupts soil structure, accelerating surface runoff and soil erosion. Splashed particles clog soil pores, effectively sealing off the soil’s surface, resulting in poor water infiltration.
What is tillage and its importance?
Tillage has been used for thousands of years to release nutrients from the soil through accelerated mineralization of organic matter and to incorporate nutrients found in manures and crop residues. More recently, equipment has been developed to inject manures, commercial fertilizers and other amendments into the soil.
What is tillage in organic farming?
Tillage refers to the physical modification of soil with tools and equipment for attaining conditions ideal for seed establishment, germination and plant growth. Tillage can be attained by processes such as cutting, crushing, milling, beating and rebounding.
What are tillage methods?
Tillage is the mechanical manipulation of the soil with the purpose of: Managing crop residue. Incorporating amendments. Preparing a seedbed. Controlling weeds.
What are the three types of tillage?
Depending upon the purpose or necessity, different types of tillage are carried out. They are deep ploughing, subsoiling and year-round tillage. Deep ploughing turns out large sized clods, which are baked by the hot sun when it is done in summer.
Why is Rototilling bad?
Experts point at four main reasons why using a rototiller is not recommended: a rototiller can cause soil compaction, create more weeds, make the “bare soil” problem and can delay gardening season. For these reasons, it’s best not to use it in your garden.
What are the benefits of no-till farming?
No – till adoption also reduces soil erosion, increases soil biological activity and increases soil organic matter. These benefits can lead to additional economic gains for farmers over time.
Is disking bad for soil?
Although disking has many advantages to soil properties, in some circumstances it can negatively affect the soil and disturb its structure. Additionally, the disking of too wet soil may lead to a non-uniform incorporation of crop residue, and creates clods that will require additional tillage operations.
What are the benefits of tillage?
Tillage loosens and aerates the soil, which allows for the deeper penetration of roots. It controls weeds and mixes organic matter, fertilizer and manure with the soil.
What is the use of tillage?
In agricultural systems, tillage functions as a subsystem that influences crop production mainly through crop establishment, modification of soil structure, incorporation of fertilizer and soil amendments (e.g., lime and manure), and weed control. Tillage is also used to alleviate both climatic and soil constraints.
What are the advantages of soil?
Soil carries out a range of functions and services without which human life would not be possible. It provides an environment for plants (including food crops and timber wood) to grow in, by anchoring roots and storing nutrients. It filters and cleans our water and helps prevent natural hazards such as flooding.
What are the types of tillage?
Types of tillage
- Primary and secondary tillage. Primary tillage is usually conducted after the last harvest, when the soil is wet enough to allow plowing but also allows good traction.
- Reduced tillage. Plough tilling the field.
- Intensive tillage.
- Conservation tillage.
- Zone tillage.
Does organic farming use tillage?
Many organic farmers use more tillage operations than their conventional neighbors. Interest in conservation practices that skip whole-field, preplant tillage, and that substitute mulch or surface residues for weed control, is growing. These techniques are best suited for large-seeded and transplanted crops.
What are the advantages of organic farming?
Advantages of organic farming
- Minimises the external cost of farming.
- Efficient use of resources.
- Soil and the environment is a public good.
- Healthier food.
- Healthier animals.
- Potential profits.
- Time involved.
- More labour intensive.


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Chvrches proved female-fronted electro rock wasn’t just a fad with their vicious pop hooks on The Bones of What You Believe.
Related: Wardrobe Chic: Sky Ferreira
Danielle Danielle Bradbery looks like a more wholesome version of Lindsay Lohan and sings like a Broadway starlet, but with Blake Shelton guiding her career post-Voice, she’ll be the Belle of Nashville in no time.
Skaters seeks to revive garage rock where The Strokes left off, and judging by their sold-out concerts (and gleeful dance parties) all over Europe and the East Coast, they might just succeed.
And Sky Ferreira took a break from walking the Marc Jacobs runway to finally—finally!—release her grimy disco album Night Time, My Time…and now she’s on tour with Miley.
By Faran Krentcil


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Below we sum up some of the best pre-conception perks you’re likely to have under your health insurance. If you’re interested in getting a particular benefit, just search the web for your health insurer’s name and the benefit itself (e.g., “name of insurance company” and “gym reimbursement”) to find out how to claim it.
Gym memberships can be expensive, but your health insurer will probably pick up part of the bill. Most insurers will cover the cost of a few months of your gym membership, depending on where you’re a member and how much it costs. In some cases, you could save hundreds of dollars. Being in good physical shape is one of the best things you can do to boost your chances of conceiving and starting a healthy pregnancy. Doctors recommend getting at least 30 minutes of moderate exercise daily to manage weight and avoid weight gain-related conception issues.
Weight loss benefits
It can be dangerous to lose weight during pregnancy, which makes it important to reach and maintain a healthy weight before conception. Studies show that women who are overweight and lose body fat are likely to improve health of their babies as well as increasing their own chances of conception. Through your health insurance coverage, you’re most likely eligible to receive reimbursements for certain weight loss and diet programs, like Weight Watchers, or hospital-based weight loss programs.
You deserve a little pampering while you’re trying to conceive, especially because anything that significantly lowers your stress could increase your chances of getting pregnant. With your coverage, you can save on alternative therapies from in-network practitioners nationwide. Commonly covered or cost-reduced therapies include massage, acupuncture, nutrition counseling, meditation, and more. Because these therapies can soothe tired muscles, energize your body, and boost your emotional health, many insurers recognize that easing your tension is a worthwhile investment.
Smoking during pregnancy can lead to miscarriages, premature birth, and low birth weights. Smoking and even secondhand intake can negatively affect your fertility chances and your partner’s sperm count. To give your future child a healthier start to life, it’s critical to quit a tobacco addiction as soon as possible. Through your health insurance coverage, you’re likely eligible for tobacco cessation programs and resources that can guide and help you in becoming tobacco-free.
Folic acids supplements
Getting your daily intake of folic acid can be a big fertility booster, as it helps to prepare your body for baby development and decreases the risk of many birth defects. You can get your daily intake of folic acids naturally, but folic acid supplements are a way to ensure that you get the daily amount you need. Most health insurers cover folic acid supplements when you’re trying to conceive. That’s one less thing you have to pay for!
One in eight couples have trouble conceiving and sustaining pregnancy. Roughly 44% of women diagnosed with infertility seek treatment, and roughly 65% of those who seek treatment ultimately get pregnant. Treatment for infertility conditions varies widely by state, but many states and health insurers cover some or all assisted reproductive technologies and treatments, including IVF, artificial insemination, and Clomid and other drugs. Check with your insurer to see what’s covered in your particular state.
Enter your insurance in Ovia
If you haven’t already, you can add your health insurer in your Ovia settings for more articles about specific benefits you might be missing out on!


The Top 10 Albums of 2014, According To triple j Listeners
Written by Tom Williams on 8th December, 2014
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It’s end-of-year list season, and triple j have now shared what their listeners believe to be the 10 best full-length releases of the year. So who tickled their collective fancy this time around?
2014 continues to be a huge year for Melbourne producer Nick Murphy, aka Chet Faker, with triple j listeners declaring his debut album, Built On Glass, the best full-length release from the last twelve months.
Released in April, Built On Glass won Best Independent Release at the 2014 ARIA Awards, which also saw Chet pick up Best Male Artist and Producer Of The Year. The album also won Australian Album of the Year at the 2014 J Awards.
Coming in second is Ball Park Music‘s Puddinghead, the Brisbane indie-rockers’ third full-length. Taking out third place is alt-J’s This Is All Yours, one of only two non-Australian acts to feature on the list. The other international is Royal Blood, their self-titled debut coming in at number 8.
Rounding out this year’s list are some huge releases from names such as Hilltop Hoods, Flight Facilities, Vance Joy, The Preatures and more. View the list in full below, and head to the triple j website for other Best Of 2014 lists, including some created by program hosts.
Watch: Chet Faker – Gold
triple j Listeners’ Top Ten Albums Of 2014
#1. Chet Faker – Built On Glass
#2. Ball Park Music – Puddinghead
#3. alt-J – This Is All Yours
#4. Hilltop Hoods – Walking Under Stars
#5. Sticky Fingers – Land Of Pleasure
#6. Flight Facilities – Down To Earth
#7. Royal Blood – Royal Blood
#8. Vance Joy – Dream Your Life Away
#9. Thundamentals – So We Can Remember
#10. The Preatures – Blue Planet Eyes


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Cutie is a darling seven-month-old boy who was surrendered with several of his siblings by a kindhearted person who rescued them. He is very affectionate and loving with people but tends to get jealous if another cat tries to get attention from “his” human. For this reason, he would be best as an only cat, although he would be OK with a dog .
He is a confident and playful boy who needs an active home.
Prince is a handsome two-year-old boy who arrived at the shelter with his siblings, Harper and Hailey. he is very social with other cats and he likes people. He would be happiest in a calm home with another cat.
Great news! Prince’s adoption fee has been paid by his Guardian Angel.
Harper is a handsome seven-month-old boy who arrived at the shelter with his twin brother Prince, and sister Hailey. Both he and Prince are very sweet and love human interaction. They both love other cats, so they could go home together or separately-or with their sister. This sweet boy needs a home soon!
Hailey is a seven month old calico tiger girl who loves human attention. She was very shy when she came to the shelter but now enjoys being petted. She likes other cats and has two brothers at the shelter-Harper and Prince. She could be adopted with one or both of them, or by herself. She would be happiest in an adult home or a home with older kids.
Ace is 1/2 of a look-alike brother combo who is only seven months old and very playful. He likes people of all ages and other cats, too. He is at ease in any situation , and would be an awesome family pet. He could be adopted with his brother Deuce, or by himself.
Deuce is 1/2 of a look-alike brother combo who is seven months old and ready to go home. Deuce likes people of all ages and other cats, too. He is a very playful boy would would be a great family cat either along with his brother Ace, or if be adopted separately.
Sophia is a seven month old beauty who was surrendered by a family who could no longer afford to care for her. She is very sweet, and she’s still a kitten, so she likes to play. She would be happy in an active young family .
Sophie is a seven month old beauty who is sweet and gentle. Her owners did not have the money to care for her so she was surrendered to the shelter. She would be good with adutls and children of all ages.


Playing without two starters, the North Carolina women's lacrosse team had its depth tested as the Tar Heels went on the road to face a top-ten opponent. With Sydney Holman and Olivia Ferucci remaining in Chapel Hill, No. 3 North Carolina (8-2, 2-0 ACC) passed the test as they left Newton, Mass., with a 13-12 win over No. 10 Boston College (6-4, 1-3 ACC). While senior Sammy Jo Tracy and junior Molly Hendrick provided their usual scoring punch, the Tar Heels received an unexpected boost from redshirt senior Kelly Devlin and sophomore Ela Hazar. Through the first 9 games, Devlin only scored 3 goals but doubled her scoring output Saturday with a hat trick. For Hazar, the road game at Boston College was a homecoming as her hometown of Westwood, MA is just 11 miles away from the Boston College campus.


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Inherent Vice by Thomas Pynchon
(Penguin, August 2009)
Bradley J. Fest
The publication of Inherent Vice makes even more apparent that one of Thomas Pynchon’s fundamental projects for the past fifty years has been to rewrite the history of the United States. If the novel is not exactly an alternate history in the mode of something like Philip Roth’s The Plot Against America (2004), it is surely a history that privileges the outsider, the deviant, the interstitial, occluded, and secret. If the Tristero was the mark of global conspiracy in the 1960s, it is the “Golden Fang” which reinscribes that secret history of the world into the aughts. In this way, Vice finds its closest companion in the Pynchon oeuvre in The Crying of Lot 49. A psychedelic-noir set near the end of 60s in Los Angeles, Vice is relatively and surprisingly straightforward… for a Pynchon novel. Romping into the seedy underbelly is as-always-wonderfully-named-Pynchon-character Doc Sportello, a private detective who quickly becomes embroiled in a tangled network of postmodern intrigue. But instead of being named the executor of an estate, an old flame of Doc’s comes walking up to his office. Cue Humphrey Bogart smoking a joint.
I do not think it a mistake to call Vice a sequel to Lot 49, but a sequel that only forty years of hindsight could provide. Like if Lucas didn’t screw up and wait another ten years before telling Jar Jar Binks’ story. And this is what makes it so weird. First of all, though I won’t tell you how, the book ends on an explicit contemplation of our current moment in which distributed networks are becoming the form all social interaction. Unlike Gravity’s Rainbow, whose ending feels like a cheap, untimely meditation on technology, Vice explicitly transposes the 20/20 significance of ARPAnet (in brief: the internet) onto the fabric of the tale. In considering Vice as a sequel, however, I must acknowledge that its similarities to Lot 49 are not always its strongest suit. The sixties were kinda-sorta promising in Lot 49, whereas that optimism, or spirit of the time (if you will), is surely on the wane in Vice. The main weavings of narrative motion—sexual escapades, drug use, mysteries wrapping into mysteries, protagonists who never really “get it” even if they show pluck and aplomb throughout— are still on display, and haven’t necessarily aged well. Pynchon is every bit as foot-loose and fancy-free as before, but after publishing two massive novels Mason Dixon (1997) and Against the Day (2006), he rides Inherent Vice like the last leg in the Tour de France when the winner is already more-or-less crowned and merely has to coast in.
Still, it is fascinating to juxtapose pretty much straight-up noir with the psychedelic culture of the late 60s. And it’s a viciously fun tale. Having also recently traversed the sky with the Chums of Chance, I cannot, as a late comer, feel more and more tickled by his work. So, some bias, eh. But that doesn’t change the fact that Vice is, like, fun to read. The pages turn, and all that; and it’s kinda sexy.
And here Pynchon is always pretty successful. Juxtaposing one popular generic construct with another, as in Gravity’s Rainbow’s convergence of WWII stories with the spy narrative (mostly a Cold War thing), Vice permits noir to go beyond its recent status as merely inspiration to La Nouvelle Vague and historically enter a world which, to vastly oversimplify it, is a cross between Kesey’s Merry Pranksters, Linklater’s Dazed and Confused, and Law and Order: Charles Manson’s Internet Dating Show. In other words, it combines popular culture, established genres, and detritus pretty well.
Vice is definitively adding to Pynchon’s fifty-year paranoia project, multiplying the global conspiratorial forces whose goals could be anything from world domination in the form of eugenics (Alex Jones) to merely a tax haven for dentists . This is ultimately the success of Vice: its paranoia is relevant. Against the Day’s anxiety over time and light, to boil it down, was perhaps too metaphysical. GR’s permanent implied mark of importance upon Slothrop prevented the materialization of the conspiracy of Rocket 00000 (or whatever) to escape farce, even if an infinitely complex farce. Vice, however, lets the apocalyptic Pynchon—the Pynchon who imagines a “more-perfect-world” through a Tesla who never existed, an ARPAnet which throws Humphrey Bogart into the ash-bin of history (as Tarantino just did to WWII)—breathe deeply in returning to the late 60s. In this late, strange age, it feels like something of a call to “remember” the sense of the future contained in that moment when the past was slowly falling away (rather than forget, something which Doc is constantly doing), when the revolutionary nature of the “hippie” lifestyle was becoming aware of its own narcissistic naïveté, when the apocalypse had already happened and everyone was clear about what exactly that was or meant. There is simply too much of the 21st century here to see this as merely a critique of the LA (or the America) of the 60s and what it led to. For there is a strange suggestion that “perhaps” it all went in the right direction: “Someday. . . there’d be phones as standard equipment in every car, maybe even dashboard computers. People could exchange names and addresses and life stories and form alumni associations to gather once a year at some bar off a different freeway exit each time, to remember the night they set up a temporary commune to help each other home through the fog.” In other words, Pynchon seems to be suggesting that if what we’ve gained from history is the ability to discern ourselves within a community of people, even if it be of the Facebook type, and if this is all we have of the past, of the perverted promise of it, then so be it.
Bradley J. Fest received his MFA in poetry from the University of Pittsburgh, where he is now a PhD student studying 19th through 21st century American literature, with an emphasis on literary representations of the apocalypse.

domain: literature


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New Recipe Index
New Recipe Index is published.
The old one doesn't function anymore.
Please find the button under my Blog's title
Tuesday, February 21, 2017
This is an easy kuih and it's nice to eat. I can finish the whole lot of it myself! LOL.
Previously, I have eaten the pumpkin version of this, and having it in sweet potato form is an interesting change.
Friday, January 13, 2017
Murukku in Malaysia is widely known as the mosquito-coil-looking savoury spiced fried treat during Deepavali. It is loved by all races here. It is not uncommon to see Murukku served during Chinese New Year and Eid in Malaysia, we are after all a multiracial country and food enhances this bond that we have.
In India, there are many types of murukku, but here in Malaysia, once Murukku is mentioned, the coil shaped one comes to mind.
Thursday, January 5, 2017
When I was a kid, I didn't know how to pronounce this properly... Koi Kapek, Koi Kapiat or even Gugapek, hahahahaha!
Each year, I will look forward to the precious two cans my maternal aunts will pass to us when we visit them on Chinese New Year day 1. And when I was 9 (I think), my siblings and I pestered my mom to make our own. Two cans each year just wasn't enough!
Tuesday, December 6, 2016
Dundee cake is a traditional cake from Dundee, Scotland. Traditionally, it should contain sultanas, Seville orange peel and decorated with almonds. But as time goes by, people tend to change the ingredients to their liking. I find most modern Dundee cake recipes not much different from other fruit cake recipes, other than the almonds on top. The original Dundee cake does not contain any cherries or currants, or any mix peel, but specifically Seville orange peel for that bitter orange tinge and sultanas, just sultanas.

domain: food


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The committee's suggestions for the military — details of which have been accessed by TOI — also buries the proposal for a Chief of Defence Staff (CDS), the single point military adviser to the government. Instead, it has recommended that a permanent Chairman Chiefs Of Staff Committee be appointed from among the three service chiefs, allowing India to have four four-star generals.
The panel has given a set of recommendations for reforming the national security architecture, covering both intelligence and military apparatus, as part of its mandate to review it.
It has recommended a re-look at the process of blacklisting truant defence firms, separating the post of DRDO chief and scientific advisor to the defence minister, appointing military officers upto the rank of joint secretary in the ministry of defence (MoD), creating new Special Forces Command etc.
The recommendations of the panel are being studied by individual services and agencies that would be affected by the changes. Their responses are expected to be with the government over the next few weeks.
While conceding that there has been improvement in Sino-Indian relations in recent years, the report has conceded that it is "still clouded in mistrust". The committee, headed by the former cabinet secretary, says, "There is concern about China's policy of "containment" of India, marked by growing Chinese interest in countries of South Asia. China will continue to utilize Pakistan as part of its grand strategy for containing India in a "South Asian box"."
"China's growing assertiveness on the border and in its territorial claims on Arunachal Pradesh has intensified misgivings," the committee says. "The crucial concern is whether China will become militarily more assertive and nationalistic as its economic and military power grows, or whether it will abide by the policies advocated by Deng Xiao Ping," the report says.
More importantly, across Asia there is concern that as Beijing grows "the United states will become more circumspect and accommodating in dealing with China," the panel says.
The committee has recommended that the government take an immediate decision on the existing recommendation that the Army be given management of Sino-Indian borders, and retain operational control over forces deployed in the areas.
On Pakistan, the committee suggests that it "remains both unable and unwilling to set its house in order, or put in place economic policies that can increase or sustain growth". And there is "nothing to suggest that the Pakistani military has given up the use of radical Islamic groups to promote terrorism in both India and Afghanistan." But its biggest concern is Pakistan's ambition to use Afghanistan for strategic depth. The panel has recommended that India "should spare no effort, politically, diplomatically, economically and through military assistance to ensure that Pakistani efforts to convert Afghanistan into an extremist run, pliant and client state are frustrated".
Calling for better coordination between the ministries of defence and foreign affairs, the panel recommends that the MoD set up a bureau of politico-military affairs. "The primary role of this Bureau would be liaison with the ministry of external affairs (MEA) on issues and actions having foreign policy applications," the committee says.
It has recommended that MEA affairs also consider accepting officials from civil services and armed forces on short duration (five years) deputations.
- Front Page
- Pure Politics
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- FM on Adani Row: Regulators to Take Appropriate Action
Finance minister Nirmala Sitharaman said financial market regulators will do what is “appropriate” on matters related to the Adani Group, which has been targeted by short seller Hindenburg Research.Headcount Falls in Q3 as Tech Hiring Frenzy Gets Real
The top seven IT services exporters listed in India together posted a fall in headcount as on December 31 from three months earlier, suggesting that the companies that were on a hiring frenzy for several quarters have become cautious amid concerns of a slowdown in their biggest markets.Surveillance Measures in Place to Deal with Volatility in Specific Stocks: Sebi
The Securities and Exchange Board of India (Sebi) said Saturday it has observed an “unusual price movement in the stocks of a business conglomerate” in the past week, without specifically mentioning the Adani Group, and added that it has put in place “surveillance measures to address excessive volatility in specific stocks”.
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domain: news


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Listen to Today's Edition
Andorra introduced a temporary ban on foreigners buying property, as the diminutive European country experiences a surge in real estate prices that has made housing scarce for its residents, Euronews reported.
Lawmakers recently passed a three-month ban on foreign investment that will bar non-residents from investing in real estate in the principality nestled between France and Spain. The new rules will later institute a tax on all foreign property purchases.
The tax revenue will then be used to construct more affordable rental housing for lower-income Andorrans.
Apart from the new ban, prospective buyers and residential permit holders will need to demonstrate basic proficiency in the Catalan language starting next year.
The move comes as the principality – known for its ski resorts, mild climate, and generous tax benefits – has become an attractive destination for wealthy expatriates and Internet celebrities in recent years.
Real estate costs in Andorra have increased by more than 30 percent since mid-2018. Prices saw a 13 percent increase between the last quarter of 2022 and the first quarter of 2023.
With the monthly minimum wage being below $1,400, many poorer locals have been forced to move to neighboring Spain.
However, critics questioned the ban’s effectiveness, noting that the restrictions will only apply to non-residents and may lead to an increase in wealthy foreigners seeking residency permits.
In Andorra, becoming a “passive resident” is relatively straightforward as foreigners are only required to spend 90 days per year in the country. This type of residency prohibits them from being employed by an Andorran-based company, but allows them to receive income from abroad – a lucrative option for digital nomads.
Many passive residents need to invest at least $637,000 in the country, primarily in property, although this requirement can be waived if an individual generates income outside the microstate.

domain: law


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By Netera Landar
There’s something real, vulnerable, and honest about country music. I think that’s why Austin is drawn to it. It’s heard in the lyrics of a Kenny Rogers’ song depicting the life of a gambler, or Johnny Cash singing about the cold reality of living your life behind prison bars.
After Austin is singing his heart out about pretty little ladies, Sandy and Talia are wearing out their boots looking for western wear that’s down right adorable.
Austin sings his country favorites at The Stage on Nashville, Ann’s Coffee House, J&T Stables Tavern, White Horse Tavern and Sweet Genesis.
To view his calendar, log onto https://www.austinmooreslive.com. He’s currently updating his website, so be sure to return to view newer pictures and tribute information.

domain: artistic


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Remember blossoming love after you meet someone; taking pleasure and delight in seeing their face and hearing their voice, being swept away by intense desires when you think about them, having that longing and craving to see them and touch them, to kiss them, hold them and feel their body close to you – so much that you can’t contain your eagerness and enthusiasm.
Definition of LUST
a : pleasure, delight
b : personal inclination : wish
: usu. intense or unbridled sexual desire
a : an intense longing : craving
b : enthusiasm, eagerness
None of the above is a prerequisite for unconditioned Love. There are no prerequisites. People mistake lust for true love and toss the word around in that most widely used superficial fashion; I love you… like a broken record.
This is not Love… it’s the Minds interpretation of love and because Mind is conditioned by polar opposites you get the potential of pain, sadness, boredom, apathy and disinterest looking right back at you in the mirror whenever you muse about being in love. You cannot become the embodiment of unconditioned Light by being the distorted reflection – you have to look past the mirror plane at where the principles of Love originally unfolded from. Mind love is living in the shadow of separation.
Minds distortion of love feels good. It can be intoxicating at it’s peak but devastating when something goes wrong. You can experience wonderful moments which make your heart dance but then you can feel utter despair from a single utterance or misdeed. Unconditioned Love harms nothing. It is in the Mind that the idea of love wreaks chaos. It is love conditioned.
Each candle might look similar… but each one is unique because it has been made separate. What is the same about each candle is the expression of Light that emanates from it. There is only ONE Light. The analogy is the same for Human Beings… bags of skin cover the Light and make it’s outward appearance look different from others. Essentially, though, this Light, awareness, is the same in everyone.
There are many genuinely loving people walking this Earth who engage in wonderful acts of charity and kindness but it is only with extraordinary and rare exception that we see the embodiment of real Love emanating through Humanity… Gandhi, Mother Theresa and Jesus took only what they needed to survive, they lived humble lives in servitude to others, devoting no time in particular to anyone but all their time to everyone.
The message they championed was to Love unconditionally.
The reality of reality is that many people focus their awareness in the duality of Mind and they become subject to polarized conditions and programmed prerequisites. Living in the Mind is the reason that a special kind of love or bond can exist for some people instead all people. It is the reason you can be “in love” with someone and then hate them. It is the reason you slave to provide for your own children when children in your local community live in poverty and go hungry. It is the reason you can turn a blind eye to a beggar on the street.
The principle of True Love naturally unfolds from that place where there are no conditions. Anything else is the Mind lusting after perfection.


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"It has been an eventful couple of weeks," said Josh Kroenke. "Andre (Iguodala) has had a lot on his plate the last month and a half. We're obviously excited to have him. We think he's going to be a great addition to our team. He brings another veteran presense, winning presence. He has proven in Philadelpia over the course of his career, that he wants to win. He's going to bring that mentality to our team and instill it in a few of our young guys."
On to Andre's words ...
Iguodala on his early termination clause for the 2013-14 season, "We weren't coming into this thinking this would be a one-year deal. We were looking towards the future. So, definitely already looking ahead and looking to see how we can go forward and not this being a quick stop for me."
Iguodala and the Nuggets have yet to get into actual contractual talks, both he and Masai Ujiri spoke to that effect and that there is no timetable for a deal to get done, by either party. It is funny how a guy shows up to his introductory presser and he's being asked when he's planning to leave or re-sign - today's NBA is a funny business.
I thought that Masai was in Nigeria when he was working on the Iguodala trade, but it turns out he was in the same hotel as Iguodala, in London, and wound up running into him by the elevators. "I got a phone call from Pete (D'Alessandro) and we were talkiing about the trade. I walk out of my room and Andre is sitting down waiting for the elevator, I look at him and I shake him (his hand), and Pete is on the phone and I go silent for awhile, and I look at him and I'm like, 'If you only knew what was going on.'" Ujiri said.
Nate: "Andre, you were a leader in Philadelphia, how do you assume that role now with Denver with a new team?
Andre: "I think it starts on the court. It's funny because I know a few of the guys from different places. I know JaVale (McGee) he was with the Select Team, USA basketball. Of course Andre Miller (teammates with the Sixers). It's funny how I know Ty Lawson. He's a slickster, so you got to watch him. Playing cards, he tried to get me a couple times. I met (Timofey) Mozgov on the Medal stand when we were in London. I had good competition against Wilson (Chandler) and Gallo (Danilo Gallinari) when they were with the Knicks. The NBA is kind of like a fraternity. You get to know all the guys and I think we all have respect for one another. I think they respect my game as well as I respect theirs. I just want to come in and work hard and show them that way. I've done that throughout my whole career, leading on the court first - leading by example and then everything else vocally comes after that."
Nate: "What have you done in the past to get your teammates to care about playing defense and what do you see yourself doing with this Nuggets team?"
Andre: "You try to have it to where it becomes contageous. You just have that presence on the floor, especially being in the East when the scores can be in the eighties a lot more, than in the West where it's in the hundreds. So, possessions really count, not only in the end of games, but the beginning of the games."
Nate: "What kind of impressions do you have of Denver, as a city?"
Andre: "I experienced Denver my rookie year, for All-Star weekend. The first thing I noticed it that it was clean. Not to say that Philly is dirty, but ... this is really clean here. Nice people. The fans are always great when you come here. They're not really rowdy fans as far as getting on the other team, they're just one-hundred percent behind their team. It's like the other team doesn't exist. Which is great for this organization to have a fan-base like the one we have and I'm really looking forward to interacting with those guys."
You can catch a replay of the entire press conference tonight on Altitude TV at 9:00 p.m. MTN.
It was great to get a chance to see Iguodala in Denver. The new Gold Medal winner and All-Star said all the right things at the presser and seems like he's looking for a team where he fits in. Everyone is pointing at Iguodala to be the "perfect Nugget" and if there is such a thing, hopefully it'll be him.
I was impressed with Iguodala's ability to look each and every media member in the eyes when he was answering their/our questions. I'll be even more impressed when I get to see him on the court.
Nate_Timmons on Twitter

domain: sports


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The Kelp Congress – a book
“The Kelp Congress” is a book edited by Hilde Methi, Neal Cahoon og Annette Wolfsberger that grew out of the event of the same name and was part of LIAF 2019. Read more about the book and how to order.
Assembled from a collection of international and multispecies perspectives, The Kelp Congress is a gathering of artworks, essays, photographs, poems, stories, and other writings that contribute to the recent interest in kelp and seaweed within contemporary art and thinking. The book forages for the insights that emerge through spending time together with these ecologies, revealing their inherent and entangled values.
Some of the contributions in the collection were embedded within the week-long event The Kelp Congress during the 2019 edition of the Lofoten International Art Festival (LIAF 2019), some grew out from these settings and experiences, and others revealed themselves within related or connected contexts. The book covers a range of approaches for ‘thinking through’ and working with kelp and seaweed in ways that are contra to extractivist mentalities, and the treatment of macroalgae as a resource to be exploited by humans. By striking a balance between play, discovery, concern, and care, the book invites curious and interested readers to consider companionships and collaborations with the living materials of these other-than-human-communities, and to examine the cultural, narrative, and artistic properties that connect us to these special lifeforms.
Contributions by: Aoife Casby · Devil’s Apron · Robin Everett ·Tiina Arjukka Hirvonen · Janna Holmstedt · Øyvind Novak Jenssen · Signe Johannessen · Signe Lidén · Julia Lohmann · Janice McEwen · Arjen Mulder · Astrida Neimanis · Michael Pantalos · Julia Parks · Viktor Pedersen · Marietta Radomska · Francisco Trento · Danni Zuvela · Cecilia Åsberg
Edited by Hilde Methi, Neal Cahoon and Annette Wolfsberger
Design: Solleveld & Toim
Photography by Kari Finstad, Michael Miller, and Kjell Ove Storvik.
Published by North Norwegian Art Centre
Available for order on e-mail at email@example.com. Price: 200 NOK, plus shipping. The book is available in English and Norwegian.


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Web AI Solution Helping Medium and Large Enterprises Save Millions by Eliminating Double Payments
Many large companies are confronted with considerable financial losses due to duplicate invoices. Even with an in-house department to deal with the issue, the problem still needs a better solution… a digital one.
One such case is of a large French bank, that funded an in-house business incubator to facilitate the research and development of digital solutions to help them find better workflows to their processes.
This is how pAID Analytix was born: a web-based application which uses Artificial Intelligence to identify duplicated invoices and eliminate the human error and the financial loss.
ABOUT THE CLIENT
Our client has over 150 years of experience in the banking and finance world and today is one of the leading European financial service groups, supporting over 31 million individuals through their services.https://www.paidanalytix.com/
Large corporations with millions running through their cash flows, are not aware they may be losing up to 1% of their payments due to duplicate payments and other types of errors.
Even with large, in-house financial departments, medium and large sized companies still lose money. The large amount of information that has to be processed is prone to human error and not only. Even software programs can return errors which translate in thousands of euros lost.
Even with a dedicated department for checking invoices, the processes for large companies is still generating losses and takes a lot of time. The traditional Excels files with formulas are not enough anymore and a digital transformation solution for the finance industry was needed.
Millions saved from payment leaks since using PaidAnalytix
We knew we had to develop a tool that could process a lot of information in a very… intelligent way. So what better way than Artificial Intelligence (AI) to make it happen?
The web app was developed in .NET, C# for the back-end and in Angular for the front-end.
AI Solution for the Strict Financial Field
Probably everyone agrees that finance doesn’t leave space for mistakes. Even the slightest ones can lead to millions lost and no one wants that.
We knew that we needed more than just an algorithm that could “get the job done” - we needed something that could outsmart the human error and learn from it.
We have collaborated with another service provider in order to develop and integrate a Machine Learning module that would process and predict the invoice duplicates with a higher degree of accuracy.
The module analyzes the historical and current invoices and returns notifications about the possible duplicates. This helps users find the issues a lot faster, rather than wasting the user’s time checking every suspicion of error in the traditional way.
This is how it works in visuals:
1. Data integration
We are consolidating the customer’s data both quantitative and qualitative. Our solution can process different types of files with the possibility to customize the structure.
2. Business context
We offer the possibility to add new criterias or to create new modules based on the business needs of our clients.
3. Machine Learning
Our ML engine processes the data and provides outcomes with a significant higher accuracy.
4. Review of results
The visualisation of the outcome is customised to ensure maximum efficiency of the analysys.
We propose to our customers a set of KPI’s for visualising the added value of using our solution, also we give them insights on their own process.
Friendly Interface for Strict Numbers
Having a friendly, intuitive and dynamic interface was very important for our client. We both wanted to bring extra friendliness to the rigid-looking Excel chart that most finance people were used to. So we developed dynamic and easy-to-understand charts that make the user experience enjoyable.
Accessible Anywhere But Highly Private
Each client who uses the app, gets its very own independent environment and data storage space. This allows the users to set up the system either on the pAID Analytix cloud or onto their premises.
This basically means that one company’s data has zero chances or getting mixed up with another company. Also, we know how strict banks or large organisations are when it comes to data leaks, so our infrastructure offers them the right environment that addresses all their security concerns.
Due to the fact that all the data is stored on cloud servers, accessing the app it’s made easy from any location the client will have.
We made the support feature smart and accessible through integrating Drift with the pAID Analytix web app. Users just type in a few keywords and the chatbot will give them automated answers or redirect them to a support agent.
Since the app is processing sensitive information that no company would want public, we made sure the app was bullet-proof when it came to cyber security.
The app was audited by Orange Cyber Security who has run penetration tests and vulnerability assessments. A further test and counter audit was performed by our client’s security department concluded that pAID was highly secure.
Another security level is the individual instances for each client access. In the very unlikely case of a cyber security breach, only the concerned instance would be affected, keeping the other ones independent and safe.
pAID brings a digital, user-friendly, highly secure and fast solution to a financial problem most large companies have to deal with.
The app is intuitive, has a friendly interface and synthesises information in beautiful graphics. Users get notifications when their analysis is complete and can have the whole team managing the invoices.
Our web app helps clients save up to $1MIL of their payments with simple actions like uploading files and pressing a few buttons.
NUMBERS DON'T LIE
Less Operational Effort
Saved for Every $100 Million Spent
Analyzed per Year
Got a similar idea?
Let’s talk about how you can implement it!
Automated Trading Software for Peer-To-Peer Lending Investments
Distributed client-server platform, facilitating automated investments in Lending Club and Prosper, while increasing the order execution fill ratio by 50% due to the high speed algorithms developed.


Core Size: 620 x 275 x 90mm
High flow upswept intercooler end tanks
Shortest intercooler piping route of any front mounted intercooler on the market
Light weight CNC mandrel bent aluminium intercooler piping
Process West are recognised for producing some of the strongest intercoolers on the market and this front mount intercooler system is no exception - their main focus is design and excelling in quality parts. The intercooler core is a large 620 x 275 x 90mm bar and plate core that comes with lightweight CNC mandrel bent aluminium intercooler pipes.
The advantage of this kit is that it will fit to the vehicle without making modifications to the kit or chassis. Necessary hardware as well as a blow off valve adaptor, high-grade silicone couplers and clamps are included in the kit making it one of he best off-the-shelf options for the 08-14 Subaru GRB WRX on the market. Trimming of the bumper is required. This is intercooler is to fit the version 11, AKA v11 WRX STI. It will fit JDM, NZ, Australian, US and European variations with the EJ207 or EJ257 engines.
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text:
(Spoiler alert: This is a story about photography, but there's also a deeper message.)
In my early days of photography I looked for bright sunny days, assuming that the most beautiful days would naturally yield the best photographs. But I soon learned the wisdom of what the master photographer Ansel Adams said: “Bad weather makes for good photography.”
Ansel was right. For landscapes, the view becomes far more dynamic when there’s drama in the sky. For portraits, harsh sunlight and dark shadows will soften when the sun goes behind clouds, presenting more flattering photos of faces.
Bad weather is good for photography. And I believe it’s essential for a life lived fully.
When dark clouds roll into our lives, that’s when we have the greatest opportunities for growth.
It’s the difficult times that challenge us and strengthen us. It's the times of adversity that mold our character by showing what we're capable of. It's the times of heartache that unlock our compassion because we understand what others are going through.
If life were nothing but blue skies and sunshine, photography – and life – would be a lot less enriching.
P.S. If you enjoyed this post, consider sharing it with a friend or posting to your social media account.


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not related, but wondering could this be him? didn't find much more on him.
Eau Claire Leader December 31, 1914, page 7
J. M. Oddie, former assemblyman
from Dunn county, passed away last
Tuesday. The funeral was held at
the residence Wednesday afternoon,
Rev. Benson officiating. Interment
made at Vernon, Wis.


30 July 2011
Friday press conference - Hungarian GP - Pt.1
Team representatives: Eric Boullier (Renault), Graeme Lowdon (Marussia Virgin Racing), Jonathan Neale (McLaren), Adrian Newey (Red Bull), Rob White (Renault Sport F1)
Rob, about the engine rules. Just exactly what does that mean to you, the new engine rules for 2014.
I think the first thing to say is that we are pleased now to have a fairly clear view of where we are going and the most important thing about the 2014 rules is that there are enough people who now understand them and know what we are getting into so that we can go ahead and do the work to deliver these engines in a sort of timely fashion and get all the cars on the grid prepared to go racing for the first race The fact that we made a bit of an adjustment from four cylinders in-line to six cylinders is, on one hand, a pretty major change. On the other hand it's a relatively modest change. The fundamentals of the rules stay as we had in mind with a double limitation on fuel consumption with a fixed amount of fuel for the race, a fuel flow limit, a big contribution from energy recovery systems, electric only traction in the pit lane. We have got many of the same fundamental building blocks, albeit with a different engine architecture and a programme timing that I think suits more people better than the original programme timing.
Can you give us some sort of idea of what happens now from your point of view. How do you go about building those engines, designing them, what happens now? Has the programme already started?
The first thing to say perhaps is that we were well underway with the previous programme, so substantial amounts of work from that go straight in the bin. Not all of it, thankfully. We try to recover what we can and re-orientate it to the new programme. As ever we may need to structure the engineering programme counting backwards from the first race in order to arrive in the most competitive possible state. Important to recognise that this is a massive technological change for the engine people in F1. Clean sheet of paper, new engine, fundamentally very different to its predecessor, hasn't happened really since we made a switch in the opposite sense from turbo to normally aspirated engines way back at the end of the 1980s.
So the strategy from Renault's point of view: can you give some indication of that? Presumably you almost welcome this engine change as well, as you were a little frustrated with the V8?
I think one of the conditions necessary for Renault to remain present in F1 was that F1 should move on and the family of, I prefer to say power unit, rather than engine, towards which we are now headed is something that creates a much clearer resonance with the products and the processes that we use for the cars that we sell to our customers in, I think it is, 118 markets worldwide.
Graeme, quite a lot of announcements of late, particularly the McLaren tie-up. How is that coming along? Has it already started?
Yes, it has already started. We've known McLaren for a long time. We've worked with them in the past in Formula Three actually, with the Young Driver Programme, going right the way back to Lewis (Hamilton), so we know the people at McLaren really well and it's not been difficult at all to engage the project. It is quite a big project and it is one that obviously we are hoping will move the team forward in a short space of time so that project has already begun and it is going very well.
What about your own Formula One technology centre? Tell us about building that up?
Yes, Banbury is a site that we have been using for some time with our previous technical partner and so we are now building that facility up and obviously using some experience from both within the team and our partners to do that. We will still run the race team from Dinnington for the rest of this season. It is exciting times for the team. A lot of steps moving forward and these aren't things you just cannot make up overnight. They have been well thought through and well planned and there is a real air of excitement within the team. We have always had a very strong team spirit as I think most people know, but I think now we have got really a good technical direction and there was a vote of confidence from Timo Glock. He has committed to the team now for a long term and he has seen from inside the steps we are making so that was an important announcement for us as well that Timo is staying with us.
We have had some interesting news from the UK today about the TV deal that is going to happen. What is your initial reaction to that, as I know it is very early stages?
Tagged as: Mclaren , Red Bull Racing , Renault , Adrian Newey , press conference , Friday , Jonathan Neale , Eric Boullier , Rob White , Graeme Lowdon , marussia virgin , Renault Sport
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When Homer’s owner realized that he was injured beyond their ability to care for him, they did one of the only things left for them to do – they called Durham County Animal Services. The Animal Services Officer was told that Homer had leapt from the bed of a moving truck several days earlier, his leash had gotten caught, which dragged him some distance before the vehicle stopped. His wounds were intense, dirty, and infected. The healing process was going to be a slow one. They couldn’t afford the veterinary care he needed. They surrendered him to Animal Protection Society of Durham, for us to take on his care and provide him with the veterinary medical treatment he immediately needed to heal and become whole again. They sought our help, and APS of Durham was there to answer the call, pick up the pieces, and meet Homer’s needs.
APS of Durham is often the last bastion of support for the neglected and forgotten, the hurt and desperate animals in our community. We are a shelter made up of people who give our heart, soul, indeed our entire selves for the betterment of animals in need. The health of our people doing this heartbreaking, and rewarding, work is not often the first thing considered when mourning the unfathomable pain experienced by neglected animals, like Homer. However, the caregivers experience the trauma of cruelty, neglect, and injury day in and day out. But they keep going. They don’t stop.
The costs of animal cruelty and neglect are immeasurable. They go well beyond the veterinary medical bills to treat physical wounds. They extend to the people who show up every day – both staff and volunteers – to ensure animals have a clean place to stay, food, fresh water, enrichment, medical care and – quite possibly more importantly – love, compassion, and tenderness. The toll taken on the caregivers is not considered often enough in animal welfare, but it is there, hiding in plain sight.
The commitment of our people is why it is possible for Homer and animals like him to have a place of refuge, with a caring person to address his needs and give compassionate, loving attention necessary for healing to begin and – in the end – prevail.
Homer is safe and sound, receiving the medical care that he needs to become whole again. This journey is an epic one, requiring us to push past perceived limitations and achieve what feels insurmountable. As the poet Homer described of Odysseus and his epic journey so long ago: the animals, staff, and volunteers at APS of Durham are resourceful, courageous and demonstrate immense endurance to carry on and never quit, doing the work that only the most compassionate and strong can endure. These are the actions of our amazing community, a group of like-minded people with the strength of character to endure. The end is part of the journey, but this journey only begins again, and so must the perseverance.
I am grateful to convey that Homer is on the road to recovery. He is living temporarily in the home of one of our compassionate volunteers. There, Homer is recovering from his trauma and wounds, his bandages are carefully changed daily, and injuries monitored regularly so he can continue his healing journey.
Stories like this one are necessary to share so our community of donors, funders, leaders, neighbors, and friends can also understand that the most valuable and important resource for the animals at APS of Durham are our people. When you invest in APS of Durham, you invest in our animals AND our people.
In the end, we need your support.
We need it to continue to provide for the people who take on the care of the animals. Your support of APS of Durham and our people makes it possible for the animals to be given the best possible care. You make a difference every day through your gift.
Our staff are your neighbors, your friends, animal welfare professionals, and superheroes.
Please show your support of them and the animals today with a donation to the shelter.
For the love of animals,


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Dutch DJ and record producer, Tiësto has teamed up with American singer, Ty Dolla $ign for the updated version of his track, “The Business, Pt II” Listen to the full song below.
Last year, In Sep, Tiësto released an official part 1 track named ‘The Business,’ directed by Christian Breslauer. The track marks Tiësto’s first commercial release since his 7th studio album, “The London Sessions.”
MUST READ – Billie Eilish & ROSALÍA Drops New Song, ‘Lo Vas A Olvidar’
“The worldwide response to ‘The Business’ has been incredible. There is nothing better than combining diverse sounds and genres to create something truly special and Ty’s smooth R&B vocals really take this track to the next level,” Tiësto said in a statement.
“I have always been a huge fan of Ty’s work,” he added, “he’s an exceptional talent and I am thrilled we got to collab on this. I am very excited to share this new version with both of our fans around the world!”
Meanwhile, last year, Tiësto released the album, included the single “Jackie Chan,” featuring Preme & Post Malone. Also, in Nov 2020, he welcomes his newborn baby daughter, Viola Margreet, with his wife, Annika Backes Verwest. Tiësto has signed a worldwide deal with Atlantic Records.
The vocal come up, “Let’s get down let’s get down to business / Give you one more night, one night to get this / We’ve had a million million nights just like this / so let’s get down, let’s get down to business.”
READ MORE – Weezer Release First Track, ‘All My Favorite Songs’, From New Album ‘OK Human’
Listen To Tiësto & Ty Dolla $ign’s ‘The Business Pt II’ Updated Version
Tiësto & Ty Dolla $ign ‘The Business, Pt. II’ Updated Version Out Now! Like This Track? Stream & Download The Full Song By Clicking Here.

domain: celebrity


text: In this degree paper I analized postmedia painting in Slovenia and I also write about avtobiography in painting. First I analized influecne of technology and its use in the history of painting form the modernisem forward. I also analized postmedia painting and its most important representatives, which are Arjan Pregl, Žiga Kariž, Miha Štrukelj, Viktor Bernik, Gorazd Krnc and Sašo Vrabič. This painter was also refernece for mine paintings and because of that I anlized his works more in detail. Through analysis of Sašo Vrabič works I also analized where in his works we can see elements of autobiography. When I analized auotbiographical elements in painting I discovered interesting fact that autobiography in painting is treated differently that auotbiography in literature. Besides teoretichal analysis of my theme I also painted my own paintings and I created my visual diary.


Originally Posted by ramblin.ruby
- is it normal for the the oil pressure gauge to fluctuate (ie go up when climbing big hills or accelerating)? I haven't driven a diesel long enough to know where my gauges should hang out. Anyone care to weigh in?
Yes. as the rpms increase the oil pressure will rise, at idle it will be lower. When it is cold, less then 30F, it will be WAY up at the top of the gauge until the oil heats up. That is normal. If the gauge is vibrating a little bit that is normal, but you can get better gauges.


text:
*healthy immune support
*mg true elemental content
*purity & potency guaranteed
magnesium citrate is in an easy-to-swallow capsule. the citrate form is extremely well absorbed and well tolerated by the body and magnesium is necessary for hundreds of enzyme reactions in the body and for normal heart function. it is necessary for protein synthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, proper muscle function, and helps to absorb calcium and potassium.
1 capsule 1-3 times per day or as directed by a health professional.
gelatin capsule (gelatin, purified water), microcrystalline cellulose, magnesium stearate (vegetable grade).
contains no artificial colors, preservatives, or sweeteners; no dairy starch, sugar, wheat, gluten, yeast, soy, corn, egg, fish, shellfish, salt, tree nuts, or gmos


To meet these increasing new requirements, new technologies for various radars
have been significantly developed and gradually applied to various advanced radars. These new technologies are emerging in nine main aspects:
(1) Expansion of radar frequency band
At the upper frequency limit, it extends to the millimeter, infrared, and LIDAR, and at the lower frequency it extends to the VHF, UHF, and HF (short wave) bands.
(2) Radar automatic target recognition (ATa)
According to radar observation data and features extracted from radar echo data, classifying, identifying, and judging attributes of targets is an important condition for battlefield management and accurate attack, and today's radar development Is a major problem.
(3) Radar imaging technology
With a large instantaneous bandwidth signal, you can acquire a high-resolution one-dimensional image of the target's distance, and use the difference in the Doppler frequency shift of the echoes in different parts of the target to obtain a high resolution of the target in terms of angle. You. In other words, it uses Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR)) and, based on the principle of Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar (ISAR), it is possible to obtain a very high 2D resolution and realize 2D imaging of the target range and angle. . It can also capture two-dimensional images of the target in terms of ground height and distance and detect hiding in the forest. Expanded.
(4) Ultra-low sidelobe antenna technology
High gain, ultra-low sidelobe antennas (maximum sidelobes less than 40 dB) are important techniques for radar interference prevention, anti-ARM, and clutter prevention.
(5) Ultra-wideband radar technology
Radars with an instantaneous relative bandwidth above 25% are called ultra-wideband radars. UWB radar, target recognition, radar imaging,
Disturbance, anti-ARM and other aspects are very important.
(6) Phased array antenna technology
In addition to very low sidelobe phased array antennas, the development of active, conformal, and broadband phased array antennas is very important. Each antenna element of an active phased array antenna has a transmit / receive component (T / R component) that provides high performance, high reliability, low cost T / R components, digital beamforming (DBF), and adaptive beams Equipped with large broadband products Signal formation, digital generation, and digital processing are evolving rapidly, and the massive adoption of phased array antennas is an important means of reducing the cost of advanced radar.
(7) Advanced signal and data processing technologies
The rapid development of computer and integrated circuit technology enables high-speed, large-capacity parallel processing in real time. When used for phased array antennas, adaptive digital beamforming can be achieved. It is a combination of antenna theory and signal processing, with the emergence of signal processing antennas with various adaptive features, offering new possibilities to improve radar performance.
(8) Modeling and simulation technology for radar systems
With the rapid development of computer technology and simulation technology, rationally determine various tactical and technical indicators during the design phase of radar development, adjust the assignment of indicators between subsystems, optimize radar system design, Radar design cycles can be shortened; simulation techniques play a more important role in optimizing system software and evaluating system performance. The adoption of advanced radar system modeling and simulation technology is an important means to overcome the long development cycle, high technical risk and high cost of advanced radar.
(9) New radar technologies, new structures, new materials
To solve the volume and weight constraints, harsh physical environment effects and high power heat dissipation problems that occur in installations on some complex platforms to achieve high radar mobility Depends on new processes, new structures and new materials. . At the same time, these new technologies are also important ways to improve radar performance, shorten radar development cycles, and reduce costs.