text:
The present invention relates to a white, biaxially oriented and coextruded polyester film with at least one matt side and embracing at least one base layer and at least one matt outer layer, where at least the base layer comprises a polyester and a cycloolefin copolymer (COC). The invention further relates to the use of the polyester film and to a process for its production.
White, biaxially oriented polyester films are known from the prior art. These known prior-art films are either easy to produce, or have good optical properties, or have acceptable processing performance.
DE-A 2 353 347 describes a process for producing a milky polyester film having one or more layers, which comprises preparing a mixture from particles of a linear polyester with from 3 to 27% by weight of a homopolymer or copolymer of ethylene or propylene, extruding the mixture as a film, quenching the film and biaxially orienting the film via orientation in directions running perpendicular to one another, and heat-setting the film. A disadvantage of this process is that regrind which arises during production of the film (essentially a mixture of polyester and ethylene or propylene copolymer) cannot be reused without yellowing the film. This makes the process uneconomic, but the yellow-tinged film produced with regrind could not gain acceptance in the market.
EP-A 0 300 060 describes a single-layer polyester film which comprises, besides polyethylene terephthalate, from 3 to 40% by weight of a crystalline propylene polymer and from 0.001 to 3% by weight of a surface-active substance. The effect of the surface-active substance is to increase the number of vacuoles in the film and at the same time to reduce their size to the desired extent. This gives the film greater opacity and lower density. A residual disadvantage of the film is that regrind which arises during production of the film (essentially a mixture of polyester and propylene homopolymer) cannot be reused without yellowing the film. This makes the process uneconomic, but the yellow-tinged film produced with regrind could not gain acceptance in the market.
EP-A 0 360 201 describes a polyester film having at least two layers and comprising a base layer with fine vacuoles, with a density of from 0.4 to 1.3 kg/dm3, and having at least one outer layer whose density is above 1.3 kg/dm3. The vacuoles are achieved by adding from 4 to 30% by weight of a crystalline propylene polymer, followed by biaxial stretching of the film. The additional outer layer improves the ease of production of the film (no streaking on the film surface), and the surface tension is increased and the roughness of the laminated surface can be reduced. A residual disadvantage is that regrind arising during production of the film (essentially a mixture of polyester and propylene homopolymer) cannot be reused without yellowing the film. This makes the process uneconomic, but the yellow-tinged film produced with regrind could not gain acceptance in the market.
EP-A 0 795 399 describes a polyester film having at least two layers and comprising a base layer with fine vacuoles, the density of which is from 0.4 to 1.3 kg/dm3, and having at least one outer layer, the density of which is greater than 1.3 kg/dm3. The vacuoles are achieved by adding from 5 to 45% by weight of a thermoplastic polymer to the polyester in the base, followed by biaxial stretching of the film. The thermoplastic polymers used are, inter alia, polypropylene, polyethylene, polymethylpentene, polystyrene or polycarbonate, and the preferred thermoplastic polymer is polypropylene. As a result of adding the outer layer, ease of production of the film is improved (no streaking on the film surface), the surface tension is increased and the roughness of the laminated surface can be matched to prevailing requirements. Further modification of the film in the base layer and/or in the outer layers, using white pigments (generally TiO2) and/or using optical brighteners, permits the properties of the film to be matched to the prevailing requirements of the application. A residual disadvantage is that regrind which arises during production of the film (essentially a mixture of polyester and the added polymer) cannot be reused without undefined and highly undesirable changes in the color of the film. This makes the process uneconomic, but the discolored film produced with regrind could not gain acceptance in the market.
DE-A 195 40 277 describes a polyester film having one or more layers and comprising a base layer with fine vacuoles, with a density of from 0.6 to 1.3 kg/dm3, and having planar birefringence of from −0.02 to 0.04. The vacuoles are achieved by adding from 3 to 40% by weight of a thermoplastic resin to the polyester in the base, followed by biaxial stretching of the film. The thermoplastic resins used are, inter alia, polypropylene, polyethylene, polymethylpentene, cyclic olefin polymers, polyacrylic resins, polystyrene or polycarbonate, preferred polymers being polypropylene and polystyrene. By maintaining the stated limits for the birefringence of the film, the film claimed has in particular superior tear strength and superior isotropy properties. However, a residual disadvantage is that regrind arising during production of the film cannot be reused without undefined discoloration of the film arising, and this in turn is highly undesirable. This makes the process uneconomic, but the colored film produced with regrind could not gain acceptance in the market.
The object of the present invention was to provide a white, biaxially oriented polyester film which has at least one matt side and is easier to produce, i.e. has low production costs. The intention was in particular to ensure that regrind arising directly during the production process can be reused for the production process in amounts of from 10 to 70% by weight, based on the total weight of the film, without any significant resultant adverse effect on the physical or optical properties of the film produced using regrind. In particular, the addition of regrind is intended to cause no significant yellowing of the film.
According to the invention, the object is achieved by way of a white, biaxially oriented polyester film with at least one matt side and comprising at least one base layer B and at least one matt outer layer A, both made from polyester, the characteristic features of the film being that at least the base layer B also comprises an amount in the range from 2 to 60% by weight, based on the weight of the base layer B, of cycloolefin copolymer (COC), the glass transition temperature Tg of the cycloolefin copolymer (COC) being in the range from 70 to 270° C.
For the purposes of the present invention, a white, biaxially oriented polyester film is a film of this type whose whiteness is above 70%, preferably above 75%, and particularly preferably above 80%. The opacity of the film of the invention is moreover above 55%, preferably above 60%, and particularly preferably above 65%.
To achieve the desired whiteness of the film of the invention, the amount of cycloolefin copolymer (COC) in the base layer B is intended to be greater than 2% by weight, otherwise the whiteness is below 70%. If, on the other hand, the amount of COC is greater than 60% by weight it becomes impossible to produce the film cost-effectively, since reliable stretching of the film becomes impossible.
It is also necessary for the glass transition temperature Tg of the COC used to be above 70° C. Otherwise, if the glass transition temperature Tg of the COC used is below 70° C. the raw material mixture has poor processability because it becomes difficult to extrude. The desired whiteness is lost and the regrind used gives a film with a tendency toward increased yellowing. If, on the other hand, the glass transition temperature Tg of the selected COC is above 270° C. it becomes impossible to achieve adequate homogenization of the raw material mixture in the extruder. This then results in a film with undesirably inhomogeneous properties.
In the preferred embodiment of the film of the invention, the glass transition temperature Tg of the COCs used is in a range from 90 to 250° C., and in the particularly preferred embodiment it is in a range from 110 to 220° C.
Surprisingly, it has been found that the addition of a COC in the manner described above can produce a white, opaque film.
The whiteness and the opacity of the film can be adjusted precisely and adapted to the prevailing requirements as a function of the amount and the nature of the COC added. By using this measure it is possible to dispense substantially with any use of other familiar whitening and opacifying additives.
None of these features described was foreseeable. All the more so, since although COCs appear to be substantially incompatible with polyethylene terephthalate they are known to be oriented using stretching conditions and stretching temperatures which are similar to those for polyethylene terephthalate. In these circumstances the skilled worker would not have expected to be able to produce a white, opaque film under these production conditions.
In the preferred and the particularly preferred embodiments, the film of the invention has high and, respectively, particularly high whiteness and high and, respectively, particularly high opacity, while the change of film color resulting from regrind addition remains extremely small.
The film of the invention is a multilayer film. Multilayer embodiments have at least two layers and always embrace the COC-containing base layer B and at least one matt outer layer A. In one preferred embodiment, the COC-containing layer forms the base layer B of the film with at least one outer layer or with outer layers on both sides, and, where appropriate, there may be (an) intermediate layer(s) present on one or both sides. In another preferred embodiment, the COC-containing layer also forms an intermediate layer of the multilayer film. Other embodiments with COC-containing intermediate layers have a five-layer structure with, alongside the COC-containing base layer B, COC-containing intermediate layers on both sides. In another embodiment, in addition to the base layer, the COC-containing layer may form (an) outer layer(s) on one side or both sides, on the base layer or intermediate layer. For the purposes of the present invention, the base layer is the layer which makes up more than from 30 to 99.5%, preferably from 70 to 95%, of the entire thickness of the film. The outer layer is the layer which forms the outermost layer of the film.
Each embodiment of the invention is a non-transparent, opaque film. For the purposes of the present invention, non-transparent films are films whose light transmittance to ASTM D1003-77 is below 95%, preferably below 75%.
The COC-containing layer (the base layer B) of the film of the invention comprises a polyester, preferably a homopolyester, a COC, and, where appropriate, other additives, each in effective amounts. This layer generally comprises at least 20% by weight, preferably from 40 to 96% by weight, in particular from 70 to 96% by weight, of polyester, based on the weight of the layer.
The base layer B of the film comprises a thermoplastic polyester. Polyesters suitable for this purpose are those made from ethylene glycol and terephthalic acid (=polyethylene terephthalate, PET), from ethylene glycol and naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylic acid (=polyethylene 2,6-naphthalate, PEN), from 1,4-bishydroxymethylcyclohexane and terephthalic acid (=poly-1,4-cyclohexanedimethylene terephthalate, PCDT), or else from ethylene glycol, naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylic acid and biphenyl-4,4′-dicarboxylic acid (=polyethylene 2,6-naphthalate bibenzoate, PENBB). Particular preference is given to polyesters composed of at least 90 mol %, preferably at least 95 mol %, of ethylene glycol units and terephthalic acid units or ethylene glycol units and naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylic acid units. The remaining monomer units are derived from other aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, or aromatic diols and, respectively, dicarboxylic acids.
Examples of other suitable aliphatic diols are diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, aliphatic glycols of the formula HO—(CH2)n—OH, where n is an integer from 3 to 6 (in particular 1,3-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, and 1,6-hexanediol) and branched aliphatic glycols having up to 6 carbon atoms. Among the cycloaliphatic diols, mention should be made of cyclohexanediols (in particular 1,4-cyclohexanediol). Examples of other suitable aromatic diols are those of the formula HO—C6H4—X—C6H4—OH, where X is —CH2—, —C(CH3)2—, —C(CF3)2—, —O—, —S— or —SO2—. Bisphenols of the formula HO—C6H4—X—C6H4—OH are also highly suitable.
Other preferred aromatic dicarboxylic acids are benzenedicarboxylic acids, naphthalenedicarboxylic acids (such as naphthalene-1,4- or -1,6-dicarboxylic acid), biphenyl-x,x′-dicarboxylic acids (in particular biphenyl-4,4′-dicarboxylic acid), diphenylacetylene-x,x′-dicarboxylic acids (in particular diphenylacetylene-4,4′-dicarboxylic acid), and stilbene-x,x′-dicarboxylic acids. Among the cycloaliphatic dicarboxylic acids mention should be made of cyclohexanedicarboxylic acids (in particular cyclohexane-1,4-dicarboxylic acid). Among the aliphatic dicarboxylic acids, the (C3-Cl9)-alkanedioic acids are particularly suitable, where the alkane moiety may be straight-chain or branched.
An example of a method for preparing the polyester is the transesterification process. The starting materials here are dicarboxylic esters and diols, and these are reacted using the usual transesterification catalysts, such as salts of zinc, of calcium, of lithium, of magnesium or of manganese. The intermediates are then polycondensed in the presence of typical polycondensation catalysts, such as antimony trioxide or titanium salts. They may equally well be prepared by the direct esterification process in the presence of polycondensation catalysts, starting directly from the dicarboxylic acids and the diols.
According to the invention, the COC-containing layer comprises an amount of not less than 2.0% by weight, preferably from 4 to 50% by weight and particularly preferably from 6 to 40% by weight, of a cycloolefin copolymer (COC), based on the weight of the layer or, in the case of single-layer embodiments, based on the weight of the film. It is significant for the present invention that the COC is not compatible with the polyethylene terephthalate and does not form a homogeneous mixture with the same in the melt.
Cycloolefin polymers are homopolymers or copolymers which contain polymerized cycloolefin units and, if desired, acyclic olefins as comonomer. Cycloolefin polymers suitable for the present invention contain from 0.1 to 100% by weight, preferably from 10 to 99% by weight, particularly preferably from 50 to 95% by weight, of polymerized cycloolefin units, in each case based on the total weight of the cycloolefin polymer. Particular preference is given to polymers which have been built up using the monomers comprising the cyclic olefins of the formulae I, II, III, IV, V or VI:
R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7 and R8 in these formulae are identical or different and are a hydrogen atom or a C1-C30-hydrocarbon radical, or two or more of the radicals R1 to R8 have been bonded cyclically, and the same radicals in the different formulae may have the same or a different meaning. Examples of C1-C30-hydrocarbon radicals are linear or branched
If desired, the COCs may contain from 0 to 45% by weight, based on the total weight of the cycloolefin polymer, of polymerized units of at least one monocyclic olefin of the formula VII:
n here is a number from 2 to 10.
If desired, the COCs may contain from 0 to 99% by weight, based on the total weight of the COC, of polymerized units of an acyclic olefin of the formula VIII:
R9, R10, R11 and R12 here are identical or different and are a hydrogen atom or a C1-C10-hydrocarbon radical, e.g. a C1-C8-alkyl radical or a C6-C14-aryl radical.
Other polymers suitable in principle are cycloolefin polymers which are obtained by ring-opening polymerization of at least one of the monomers of the formulae I to VI, followed by hydrogenation.
Cycloolefin homopolymers have a structure composed of one monomer of the formulae I to VI. These cycloolefin polymers are less suitable for the purposes of the present invention. Polymers suitable for the purposes of the present invention are cycloolefin copolymers (COC) which comprise at least one cycloolefin of the formulae I to VI and acyclic olefins of the formula VIII as comonomer. Acyclic olefins preferred here are those which have from 2 to 20 carbon atoms, in particular unbranched acyclic olefins having from 2 to 10 carbon atoms, for example ethylene, propylene and/or butylene. The proportion of polymerized units of acyclic olefins of the formula VIII is up to 99% by weight, preferably from 5 to 80% by weight, particularly preferably from 10 to 60% by weight, based on the total weight of the respective COC.
Among the COCs described above, those which are particularly preferred contain polymerized units of polycyclic olefins having a fundamental norbornene structure, particularly preferably norbornene or tetracyclododecene. Particular preference is also given to COCs which contain polymerized units of acyclic olefins, in particular ethylene. Particular preference is in turn given to norbornene-ethylene copolymers and tetracyclododecene-ethylene copolymers which in each case contain from 5 to 80% by weight, preferably from 10 to 60% by weight, of ethylene (based on the weight of the copolymer).
The cycloolefin polymers generically described above generally have glass transition temperatures Tg in the range from −20 to 400° C. However, COCs which can be used for the invention have a glass transition temperature Tg above 70° C., preferably above 90° C. and in particular above 110° C. The viscosity number (decalin, 135° C., DIN 53 728) is advantageously from 0.1 to 200 ml/g, preferably from 50 to 150 ml/g.
The COCs are prepared by heterogeneous or homogeneous catalysis with organometallic compounds, as described in a wide variety of documents. Suitable catalyst systems based on mixed catalysts made from titanium compounds and, respectively, vanadium compounds in conjunction with aluminum organyl compounds are described in DD 109 224, DD 237 070 and EP-A-0 156 464. EP-A-0 283 164, EP-A-0 407 870, EP-A-0 485 893 and EP-A-0 503 422 describe the preparation of COCs with catalysts based on soluble metallocene complexes. The preparation processes for COCs described in the abovementioned specifications are expressly incorporated herein by way of reference.
The COCs are incorporated into the film either in the form of pure granules or in the form of granulated concentrate (masterbatch), by premixing the polyester granules or polyester powder with the COC or, respectively, with the COC masterbatch, followed by feeding to an extruder. In the extruder, the mixing of the components continues and they are heated to the processing temperature. It is advantageous here for the novel process if the extrusion temperature is above the glass transition temperature Tg of the COC, generally above the glass transition temperature Tg of the COC by at least 5 K, preferably by from 10 to 180 K, in particular by from 15 to 150 K.
The advantageous embodiment of the matt outer layer A comprises additives in the form of inert inorganic antiblocking agents and, where appropriate, a blend or a mixture of two components (I) and (II).
Typical antiblocking agents (in this context also termed pigments) are inorganic and/or organic particles, such as calcium carbonate, amorphous silica, talc, magnesium carbonate, barium carbonate, calcium sulfate, barium sulfate, lithium phosphate, calcium phosphate, magnesium phosphate, aluminum oxide, lithium fluoride, the calcium, barium, zinc or manganese salts of the dicarboxylic acids used, carbon black, titanium dioxide, kaolin or crosslinked polymer particles, e.g. polystyrene particles or acrylate particles.
The additives selected may also comprise mixtures of two or more different antiblocking agents or mixtures of antiblocking agents of the same composition but different particle sizes. The particles may be added to the polymers of the individual layers of the film in the respective advantageous amounts, e.g. as a glycolic dispersion during the polycondensation or via masterbatches during extrusion. Pigment concentrations which have proven particularly suitable are from 0 to 25% by weight (based on the weight of the respective layer). EP-A-0 602 964, for example, describes the antiblocking agents in detail.
Component (I) of the mixture or of the blend is an ethylene terephthalate homopolymer or ethylene terephthalate copolymer, or a mixture made from ethylene terephthalate homo- or copolymers.
Component (II) of the mixture or of the blend is an ethylene terephthalate copolymer which is composed of the condensation product of the following monomers or of their derivatives capable of forming polyesters:
A) from 65 to 95 mol % of isophthalic acid;
B) from 0 to 30 mol % of at least one aliphatic dicarboxylic acid having the formula HOOC(CH2)nCOOH, where n is in the range from 1 to 11;
C) from 5 to 15 mol % of at least one sulfomonomer containing an alkali metal sulfonate group on the aromatic moiety of a dicarboxylic acid;
D) a copolymerizable aliphatic or cycloaliphatic glycol having from 2 to 11 carbon atoms, in the stoichiometric amount necessary to form 100 mol % of condensate;
each of the percentages given being based on the total amount of the monomers forming component (II). For a detailed description of component (II) reference is made to the content of EP-A 0 144 878, which is expressly incorporated herein by way of reference.
For the purposes of the present invention, mixtures are mechanical mixtures prepared from the individual components. For this, the individual constituents are generally combined in the form of small-dimensioned compressed moldings, e.g. lenticular or bead-shaped pellets, and mixed with one another mechanically, using a suitable agitator. Another way of producing the mixture is to feed components (I) and (II) in pellet form separately to the extruder for the outer layer of the invention, and to carry out mixing in the extruder and/or in the downstream systems for transporting the melt.
For the purposes of the present invention, a blend is an alloy-like composite of the individual components (I) and (II) which can no longer be separated into the initial constituents. A blend has properties like those of a homogeneous material and can therefore be characterized by appropriate parameters.
The ratio (ratio by weight) of the two components (I) and (II) of the outer layer mixture or of the blend can be varied within wide limits and depends on the intended use of the multilayer film. The ratio of components (I) and (II) is preferably in the range from (I):(II)=10:90 to (I):(II) 95:5, preferably from (I):(II)=20:80 to (I):(II) 95:5, and in particular from (I):(II)=30:70 to (I):(II)=95:5.
In one preferred embodiment, the matt outer layer A is characterized by the following set of parameters:
The roughness of the matt outer layer A, expressed in terms of Ra, is in the range from 200 to 1000 nm, preferably from 220 to 950 nm and particularly preferably from 250 to 900 nm. Values smaller than 200 nm have adverse effects on the mattness of the surface, while values greater than 1000 nm impair the optical properties of the film.
The value measured for gas flow should be in the range from 0 to 50 s, preferably from 1 to 45 s. At values above 50 s the mattness of the film is adversely affected.
The base layer B and the other layers may also comprise conventional additives, such as stabilizers, antiblocking agents, and other fillers. The additives are usefully added to the polymer or to the polymer mixture before melting begins. Examples of stabilizers used are phosphorus compounds, such as phosphoric acid or phosphoric esters.
To improve the whiteness of the film, the base layer or the other additional layers may comprise further pigmentation. It has proven particularly advantageous here for the additional additives used to comprise barium sulfate with grain size of from 0.3 to 0.8 μm, preferably from 0.4 to 0.7 μm, or titanium dioxide with grain size of from 0.05 to 0.3 μm, in each case measured by the sedigraph method. This gives the film a brilliant white appearance. The amount of barium sulfate or titanium dioxide is in the range from 1 to 25% by weight, preferably from 1 to 20% by weight, and very preferably from 1 to 15% by weight.
The total thickness of the film can vary within wide limits and depends on the intended application. The preferred embodiments of the film of the invention have total thicknesses from 4 to 400 μm, preferably from 8 to 300 μm, in particular from 10 to 300 μm. The thickness(es) of any intermediate layer(s) present is/are generally from 0.5 to 15 μm, independently of each other, and preference is given to intermediate layer thicknesses of from 1 to 10 μm, in particular from 1 to 8 μm. The values given are each based on one intermediate layer. The thickness(es) of the outer layer(s) is/are selected independently of the other layers and is/are preferably in the range from 0.1 to 10 μm, in particular from 0.2 to 5 μm, with preference from 0.3 to 4 μm, and outer layers applied to both sides may have identical or different thickness and composition. The thickness of the base layer B is correspondingly given by the difference between the total thickness of the film and the thickness of the outer layer(s) and intermediate layer(s) applied, and can therefore vary similarly to the total thickness within wide limits.
The invention also provides a process for producing the polyester film of the invention by extrusion or coextrusion methods known per se.
The procedure for this process is that the melts corresponding to individual layers of the film are coextruded through a flat-film die, the resultant film is drawn off on one or more rollers for solidification, the film is then biaxially stretched (oriented), and the biaxially stretched film is heat-set and, where appropriate, corona- or flame-treated on the surface intended for treatment.
The biaxial stretching is usually carried out sequentially. For this, it is preferable to begin by stretching longitudinally (i.e. in the machine direction=MD) and then to stretch transversely (i.e. perpendicularly to the machine direction=TD). This orients the molecular chains. The longitudinal stretching preferably takes place with the aid of two rollers rotating at different peripheral speeds corresponding to the desired stretching ratio. For the transverse stretching, use is generally made of an appropriate tenter frame.
The temperature at which the stretching is carried out may vary within a relatively wide range, and depends on the desired properties of the film. The longitudinal stretching is generally carried out at from 80 to 130° C., and the transverse stretching at from 90 to 150° C. The longitudinal stretching ratio is generally in the range from 2.5:1 to 6:1, preferably from 3:1 to 5.5:1. The transverse stretching ratio is generally in the range from 3.0:1 to 5.0:1, preferably from 3.5:1 to 4.5:1.
The stretching may also takes place in a simultaneous stretching frame (simultaneous stretching), and the number of stretching steps and the sequence (longitudinal/transverse) is not of decisive importance here for the property profile of the film. However, advantageous stretching temperatures here are ≦125° C., particularly ≦115° C. The stretching ratios correspond to those in the conventional sequential process.
In the heat-setting which follows, the film is held at a temperature of from 150 to 250° C. for from about 0.1 to 10 s. The film is then cooled and is wound up in the usual manner. However, before winding-up, the film may also be chemically treated, or else corona- or flame-treated to establish other desired properties. The intensity of treatment is adjusted so that the surface tension of the film is generally above 45 mN/m.
The film may also be coated to achieve other properties. Typical coatings are those with adhesive action, antistatic action, slip-improving action, or release action. These additional layers may, of course, be applied to the film by in-line coating, using aqueous dispersions, after longitudinal stretching and prior to transverse stretching.
The particular advantage of the film of the invention is its high whiteness and its high opacity. The whiteness of the film is above 70%, preferably above 75%, and particularly preferably above 80%. The opacity of the film of the invention is above 55%, preferably above 60%, and particularly preferably above 65%. The gloss of the outer layer A is below 80, preferably below 70 and particularly preferably below 60.
Another particularly surprising advantage of the invention is that during production of the film it is possible for directly associated regrind to be reused for the production process in amounts of from 10 to 70% by weight, based on the total weight of the film, without any resultant significant adverse effect on the physical properties of the film produced using the regrind. In particular, the regrind (substantially composed of polyester and COC) does not cause undefined change in the film color, whereas this is always the case with prior-art films.
A further advantage of the invention is that the production costs of the film of the invention are comparable with those for conventional prior-art opaque films. The other properties of the film of the invention relevant to its processing and use remain substantially unchanged, or indeed have been improved.
The film has excellent suitability for packaging for foods or other consumable items which are sensitive to light and/or to air. It also has excellent suitability for industrial use, e.g. in the production of hot-stamping foils, or as a label film. The film is naturally also particularly suitable for image-recording papers, printed sheets, or magnetic recording cards, to mention just a few possible applications.
The film has outstandingly good processing and winding performance in particular on high-speed machinery (winders, metallizers, printing machines or laminating machines). One measure of processing performance is the coefficient of friction of the film, and this is below 0.6. A good thickness profile, excellent layflat, and low coefficient of friction affect winding performance, and the roughness of the film has a decisive effect on winding performance. It has been found that the winding of the film of the invention is particularly good when the average roughness is in a range from 50 to 1000 nm while the other properties are retained. Methods of varying the roughness include varying the COC concentration, the mattness of outer layer A, and the process parameters during the production process, within the range given.
The table below (Table 1) gives a further particularly illustrative summary of the most important film properties of the invention:
| ||TABLE 1 |
| || |
| || |
| ||Inventive || ||particularly || || |
| ||range ||preferred ||preferred ||Unit ||Test method |
| || |
|Formulation || || || || || |
|Concentration of cycloolefin ||2-60 ||4-50 || 6-40 ||% |
|copolymer (COC) in base layer |
|Glass transition temperature ||70-270 ||90-250 ||110-220 ||° C. ||DIN 73 765 |
|of cycloolefin copolymer (COC) |
|Outer layer A |
|COF ||<0.5 ||<0.45 ||<0.40 || ||DIN 53 375 |
|Average roughness Ra ||200-1000 ||220-950 ||250-900 ||nm ||DIN 4768, cut- |
| || || || || ||off of 0.25 mm |
|Gloss, 60° ||<80 ||<70 ||<60 || ||DIN 67 530 |
|Other film properties |
|Whiteness ||>70 ||>75 ||>80 ||% ||Berger |
|Opacity ||>55 ||>60 ||>65 || ||DIN 53 146 |
The following measured values were utilized to characterize the raw materials and the films:
SV (Standard Viscosity)
Standard viscosity SV (DCA) is measured by a method based on DIN 53726 in dichloroacetic acid.
Intrinsic viscosity (IV) is calculated as follows from standard viscosity
Coefficient of Friction (COF)
Coefficient of friction was determined to DIN 53 375. The coefficient of sliding friction was measured 14 days after production.
Surface tension was determined by what is known as the ink method (DIN 53 364).
Roughness Ra of the film was determined to DIN 4768 with a cut-off of 0.25 mm.
Whiteness and Opacity
Whiteness and opacity were determined with the aid of the “ELREPHO” electrical reflectance photometer from the company Zeiss, Oberkochem (DE), standard illuminant C, 2° standard observer. Opacity is determined to DIN 53 146. Whiteness is defined as W=RY+3RZ−3RX.
W=whiteness, and RY, RZ and RX=relevant reflection factors when the Y, Z or X color-measurement filter is used. The white standard used was a barium sulfate pressing (DIN 5033, Part 9). An example of a detailed description is given in Hansl Loos “Farbmessung” [Color Measurement], Verlag Beruf und Schule, Itzehoe (1989).
Light transmittance is measured using a method based on ASTM D1033-77.
Gloss was determined to DIN 67 530. The reflectance was measured as an optical value characteristic of a film surface. Based on the standards ASTM-D 523-78 and ISO 2813, the angle of incidence was set at 600. A beam of light hits the flat test surface at the set angle of incidence and is reflected and/or scattered by this surface. A proportional electrical variable is displayed representing light beams hitting the photoelectronic detector. The value measured is dimensionless and must be stated together with the angle of incidence.
Glass Transition Temperature
Glass transition temperature Tg was determined using film specimens with the aid of DSC (differential scanning calorimetry) (DIN 73 765) A DuPont DSC 1090 was used. The heating rate was 20 K/min and the specimen weight was about 12 mg. The glass transition Tg was determined in the first heating procedure. Many of the specimens showed an enthalpy relaxation (a peak) at the beginning of the step-like glass transition. The temperature taken as Tg was that at which the step-like change in heat capacity—without reference to the peak-shaped enthalpy relaxation—achieved half of its height in the first heating procedure. In all cases, there was only a single glass transition observed in the thermogram in the first heating procedure.


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One hundred and eleven million people watched the Super Bowl broadcast Sunday night. A little earlier, about a thousand people gathered in the Auditorium in Independence to hear Jan Kraybill's Super Bowl Concert XV; The latter group experienced a better show. Dr. Kraybill nodded to so many interest groups she may well have needed some chiropractic work. Her theme for Sunday afternoon was determination and triumph. Within that frame, she kicked off with triumph, which continued with music from the Olympics, past and current, she included music of determination in times of trial, music representing a lifetime of accomplishment, and finally, the determination and triumph of Christ's Church.
Aaron Copland (1900 - 1990): Fanfare for the Common Man (1942), organ transcription by Dorothy Papadakos. Jan made good use of the antiphonal organ for an auditory extravaganza to start the program in grand style. She showed wonderment of the power of the 113 ranks ( 6,334 pipes) Aeolian-Skinner Organ as she acknowledged the extended applause for this work, she uttered, "Isn't that incredible?" She brought the music out, but it would not have been possible without the magnificent instrument.
Johann Sebastian Bach(1685 - 1750): Prelude and Fugue in A minor, BWV 543. From Bach's early period, it requires active feet and fingers, managed with ease by Dr. Kraybill.
However, the Bach piece did elicit an intrusive yellow flag and foul call by a stripe-shirted Alan Kraybill. Please see the slide show for details of the adjudication of the potential infraction.
Johannes (1833-1897) Brahms: Prelude and Fugue on O Traurigkeit, O Herzeleid (O grief, O woe), WoO 7, a mood challenge to get beyond the frivolous athletic intermezzo to this evidence of Brahms' study of Bach in a work depicting the crucifixion and burial of Christ. Within the determined sorrow lies the importance of the whole drama, the coming resurrection, and with it, the vanquishing of the power of evil.
Max Reger (1873 -1916): "Introduction, Passacaglia and Fugue," Op. 127, composed in 1913, just as the World War was brewing and Reger's heart disease was cutting short hte composer's life. Unmistakeably 20th Century, extending the legacy of German counterpoint through the voice of moderate chromaticism, Reger expresses all of the negative pressures on life, his and the world's, again with the determination to fight on to the end. The three German contrapuntal works were notable in the commonality of chromaticism, obviously not born in the last century.
A Tribute to the Sochi 2014 Winter Olympics:
Leo Arnaud (1904–1991), "Bugler’s Dream," Половецкая Пляска Александр Бородинъ (Polovetsian Dances), and "Olympic," Alexander Borodin, (1833–1887) and "Fanfare and Theme," by John Williams (b. 1932), transcribed by Jan Kraybill. During this unabashedly triumphant section, the audience was treated to a polished twin jumbotron video clips presentation of past Winter Olympics, put together by Bob and Paul Haworth, who also installed and produced the five camera visuals of today's concert.
Florent Schmitt (1870 - 1958): Prélude/Priére in G minor, a piece whose recording debut is on the Kauffman Organ's debut recording by Dr. Kraybill last summer, and due soon on the market.
Passing Thoughts, composed by Blanche Gangwere (b. 1918) of Kansas City, who was present for this event,
I. Fleeting Thoughts, II. Whimsical Thoughts, and movement III. Unexpected Thoughts. According to the program, Mrs Gangwere used material from the first movement in the second movment, using several contrapuntal techniques. Despite the technical description of the piece, it comes off as a Debussy -like use of ragtime rhythms in a light, whimsical statement of how things continue.
Henri Mulet (1878 - 1967): Tu es Petra (Thou Art Peter) a resounding musical statement of Jesus' endowing the church with his determination and triumph, at a time when few would have predicted the earth-changing effect of that man and the church. The powerful piece was played with authority and musicality, befitting both the music and the message.

domain: artistic


Opening of a new medical center dedicated to the LGBTQ + community in the BronxThere is now a new medical center dedicated to the LGBTQ + community in the Bronx. This is a first for the borough, and it is a source of pride; CBS2’s Jenna DeAngelis reports.
Police: fake fire chief scams suburban rye businessRye Suburban Police are trying to identify a fake fire chief who scammed a business and could go on strike again; Tony Aiello of CBS2 reports.
Mayoral candidates offer a glimmer of hope for retired municipal workers whose health benefits have changedThere is a silver lining for hundreds of thousands of retired municipal workers whose health benefits have suddenly been altered; CBS2 political reporter Marcia Kramer has the story.
The popularity of TikTok a concern for parents of young childrenThe Pew Research Center says half of American adults under 30 use TikTok, but this popularity has attracted millions of kids many believe are too young for its content; CBS’s Cindy Hsu reports.
Hospitality and event businesses are rebuilding after pandemic breakWhen the pandemic struck, weddings, parties and in-person entertainment were all canceled for months. It has plunged the hospitality and events sector into obscurity, but some companies have been able to adapt and continue; Alice Gainer’s reports from CBS2.
Experts offer advice for those who want to use storage unitsHundreds of people in Union County have been banned from their storage units since Hurricane Ida, struggling to access their belongings, so what do you need to know before you store your belongings? Reports from CBS2’s Meg Baker.
Boil water advisory lifted in northern New Jersey more than a month after Hurricane IdaA boil water advisory has finally been lifted for tens of thousands of northern New Jersey residents. The advisory had been in effect since Hurricane Ida flooded the area over a month ago; CBS2’s Natalie Duddridge reports.
Construction continues on a large house in Harrison on a small lotThe City of Harrison Zoning Council voted to allow construction of a new million dollar house on Thursday night.
Distance learning at Rockland County school continues through DecemberSpring Valley High School will continue distance learning until the end of the calendar year after mold is discovered in the building.
Small plane lands on Fire Island, no injuriesA small plane landed on the beach on Fire Island on Friday.
New York mayoral candidates announce plans to tackle graffitiThe candidates for mayor of New York offer very different visions for tackling a problem of quality of life that plagues the five boroughs: graffiti.
First Lady Jill Biden joins NJ Governor Murphy at campaign rally; RNC President to join Jack Ciattarelli at campaign ralliesFirst Lady Jill Biden spent part of Friday in New Jersey campaigning for Gov. Phil Murphy in his run for re-election. Meanwhile, Murphy’s Republican challenger Jack Ciattarelli has announced that the GOP national president will join him for a campaign rally next week.
President Biden presents Connecticut ‘build back better’ planPresident Joe Biden presented his “Build Back Better” plan in Connecticut on Friday, focusing specifically on proposed investments in child care; CBS2’s Aundrea Cline-Thomas reporting.
16-year-old shooting victim released from Brooklyn hospitalThere was applause on Friday when a 16-year-old girl who was shot in the head was released from Brooklyn Methodist Hospital; CBS2’s Kiran Dhillon reports.
Spotswood high school students in quarantine after students who attended a return home dance test test positive for COVID-19School COVID-19 outbreaks reached 96 this week in New Jersey, and now nearly 200 students are in quarantine in Middlesex County after potential exposure at a school dance; Alice Gainer’s reports from CBS2.
FDA Panel of Experts Recommends Johnson & Johnson’s COVID Booster VaccineAn FDA panel voted unanimously on Friday to recommend a booster injection of Johnson & Johnson COVID, saying the first dose did not provide strong enough protection; CBS2’s Dick Brennan reports.
Suffolk County officials urge residents to check out ‘Smart 911’ appNow you can give 911 dispatchers much more vital information without saying a word. CBS2’s Carolyn Gusoff reports.
City’s newest Pride health center opens in BronxThe Pride Health Center is officially open at Jacobi Medical Center. A rainbow ribbon cut marked the important moment for the borough’s LGBTQ community. CBS2’s Jenna DeAngelis reports.
Driver hospitalized, no student injured when school bus hits utility pole in New JerseyThe bus driver was taken to hospital with what appeared to be non-life threatening injuries. CBS2’s Dave Carlin reports.
Weather in New York: Friday afternoon update of 10/15 from CBS2Elise Finch has the latest tri-state area forecast on CBS2 News At Noon.
Boil water advisory lifted for thousands in northern New JerseyThe advisory had been in effect since the remnants of Hurricane Ida devastated the area six weeks ago. CBS2’s Natalie Duddridge reports.
FDA Advisory Group Meets To Discuss J&J Vaccine Booster InjectionsA group of external FDA advisers will not determine whether Johnson & Johnson’s COVID-19 booster should receive emergency use clearance.
At least 1 dead in outbreak of Long Island Legionnaires’ diseaseThe Nassau County Department of Health said it was investigating 10 cases.
Arson investigation after woman suspected of spilling gasoline and setting fire to Brooklyn yeshivaPolice are looking for a woman accused of setting fire to a Brooklyn yeshiva. He is under investigation as a possible crime of bias. CBS2’s John Dias reports.


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Thinking inside the jar, this is a well created piece. In terms of the piece working well, it's hard to tell it was Photoshoped Obviously this was however it looks real. I like the black and white aspect, I would try color too to see how that flows with the design. I think this is a great design, not a bad one.
Our soul waiteth for the Lord: he is our help and our shield. For our heart shall rejoice in him, because we have trusted in his holy name. Let thy mercy, O Lord, beupon us, according as we hope in thee.

domain: design


A Letter from Huami by Wency Zhang (2019 / China / 24:46). In 2069, a few rolls of films were found in a regeneration centre. With a human’s consciousness and memories which belong to the past time, Huami wrote a letter to her owner in 2019…
broth of vigour and mach stem by Daniel McIntyre (2020 / Canada). Daniel McIntyre is a celluloid-based artist working with concepts of memory, identity, and history. Working with hand-processing, found footage, and photographic technique, his work involves a crucial connection between visual structure and subject matter.
forwards, backward by Mitchell Stafiej ( 2020 / Canada / 4:23). Compiled from unused images of a half-shot and perpetually delayed documentary, this film is an illusory visual and sonic reflection on a stagnant film career.
H2T by Charles-André Coderre (2014 / Canada / 5:39). Shot on several types of film, ranging from handmade film emulsion to expired films, H2T takes place in the mighty Hotel2Tango Montreal recording studio.
La Montagne by Philippe Léonard (2019 / Canada / 10:00). Repeated gesture of panoramic representation becomes abstraction. This film takes place on the Kondiaronk Belvedere, where people come to see the Montreal skyline and its surrounding landscape.
Ruines by Mario Degiglio-Bellemare (2020 / Canada / 9:00). On autoroute 15 just outside of Montreal stands a monument to the Quiet Revolution: the decaying screens of the Ciné Parc Laval, opened in 1971, the year drive-in theatres made their mark in Québec history.
still by Nathan Haunch (2020 / Canada / 3:23). A meditation on holding on in isolation, made with a personal cell phone and limited equipment at the beginning of the Coronavirus pandemic in Ottawa.
War Game by Mehrnoosh Fetrat and Jon Appel (2019 / USA / 18:40). In an imagined battle between the United States and the fictional Latin American country of Cubuchilia, an American soldier has control over water resources and news media on both sides of the war.
Wash Day by Kourtney Jackson (2020 / Canada / 9:52). As they get ready for the day, three young Black women discuss the public perception of their Blackness in relation to their cultivation of a strong sense of self.


Note from BW of Brazil: Let me just start today’s post by saying that it’s been a very unpleasant week for black Brazilian women. The beginning of the Carnaval season brought more voices against Brazil’s insistence of only giving the black woman any prominence in the media during this four day celebration in which she is broadcast to the world either scantily clad or completely nude while she remains mostly invisible for the other 361 days of the year. Others noticed a growing trend of black women losing their representation in the big party. The Carnaval season also brought a growing number of denouncements of black women activists who soundly reject Carnaval groups dressing up in ghoulish blackface makeup in imitation of black women. There were two other controversies that we will cover in coming days, but today, we presentd the appearance of a disgusting Facebook page that we became aware of exactly one week ago. Last Saturday morning (February 14th), a number of friends using the Facebook social network were outraged by a page that pushed the envelope in terms of disrespect.
A page entitled “Eu não mereço mulher preta”, meaning ‘I don’t deserve a black woman’, had garnered several hundreds ‘likes’ in its short period of existence even as many black women denounced the page for being racist. It appears that the page’s creator’s intent was to belittle the physical appearance of black women by posting a number of insulting and even vulgar comments combined with various memes.
A comment from February 8th (above) went as follows: “All men like a white woman; the white man, the black man and oriental man, this is a fact! Pay attention!! It’s rare to see a black man with a black woman; they are always accompanied by a blond or a brunette. When the black man is famous, you hardly see him at the side of black woman. We are labeled racists, but wouldn’t the prejudice come from the black man rejecting their females?”
The image used on the title page is a photo of the character Adelaide from the Globo TV comedy skit series Zorra Total as portrayed by actor Rodrigo Sant’Anna made up in outlandish blackface makeup. Although this character was also roundly denounced as racist, it remained a regular part of the series. The ‘Eu não mereço mulher preta’ page also used various photos to drive home its opinion of the superior beauty of white women.
One utterly disgraceful photo featured two women. One, a brunette white woman in the top photo with Afro-Brazilian actress Cacau Protásio featured in the lower photo. The caption under the brunette reads “this is a dream” while the caption under Protásio reads “this is a nightmare”. Although one could look at this page and simply write it off as promoting the extremely racist, biased views of its creators, there are so many other details that were not being addressed in the discussion and eventual removal of this page. We will discuss this below. For now, here are a few more details about the page.
Facebook removes air racist community after complaints
By Luciana Araújo
The supposed creator of the community “Eu não mereço mulher preta” (I don’t deserve a black woman) is Gustavo Guerra, a young man who calls himself a Nazi and advocates legalization of rape.
After several users posted on Facebook allegations of the existence of a community called “Eu não mereço mulher preta” (I don’t deserve a black woman), on Saturday afternoon (14) the social network removed from the air a page “for violating its terms.” The virtual brotherhood accounted until then over a thousand “likes”. A Friday post (13) at 12.30pm informed that the content returned to the air because “Facebook would have accepted an appeal of the creators”.
In the posts, an apology for Nazism and comments that incurred several crimes in the Federal Constitution and other Brazilian and international laws. The 1988 Constitution already provides in Article 4 that the Federative Republic of Brazil is governed, among others, on the principle of the rejection of racism. Subsection 42 of Article 5 of the Constitution emphasizes that “the practice of racism is non-bailable and imprescriptible crime, subject to imprisonment under the law.”
Law 7716/89 establishes a penalty of 1-3 years in prison and a fine for the commission of a crime, induction or incitement to discrimination or prejudice based on race, color, ethnicity, religion or national origin. And for the crime of distribution or placement of symbols, emblems, ornaments, badges or advertising using the swastika or swastika or for purposes of divulgation of Nazism, the set penalty is two to five years of imprisonment and a fine.
One of the community posts reported that it had been created by a man named Gustavo Guerra.
A repeat offender of the practice of spreading hate speech, racism and Nazism, Gustavo Guerra Rizzotto is a resident of the city of Caxias do Sul (Rio Grande do Sul) and maintains a channel in the video platform Youtube in which he advocated the legalization of rape and pedophilia, which earned him an investigation for federal crime.
Supposed creator of the page, Gustavo Guerra Rizzotto has advocated the legalization of rape
On the channel he affirms being a Nazi in several videos, denies the Holocaust and discusses how racism would be the fault of the blacks themselves, “who are dancing funk and using drugs in the favela”, “this business of being false is a woman’s thing” and he had already “comeu várias vadias” (fucked several bitches). Although not having been updated for months, the channel is still available for viewing videos until 5:15pm of last Sunday. The profile that he maintains on Facebook was not possible to access.
Note from BW of Brazil: So the page eventually was removed from Facebook due to numerous denouncements of racism. But beyond my also being offended by the page, there are a number of details upon which to expound and also analyze that the denouncements didn’t touch upon. Let’s take a look.
The first detail that should be pointed out is that the creator of the page is from the southern state of Rio Grande do Sul, one of the three most southern states in Brazil and a region in which many of its inhabitants consider the best region of the country as well as the whitest region of the country in terms of race with the three states combined being more than 80% white. This region has long threatened to secede from the rest of the country that it considers to be ‘backwards’. In the last presidential election in which President Dilma Rousseff won a second term, this region made headlines because of the numerous insults and threats made against the northeast and primarily non-white region that they blamed for Rousseff’s re-election. This region of the country attracted a large number of European immigrants mostly from Italy and Germany beginning at the end of the 19th century. The region is also known for a growing number of neo-Nazi and Skinhead groups.
Second, it’s interesting that the creator of the page chose to use a photo of actress Cacau Protásio in expressing his opinion. Several months ago, this writer witnessed a conversation among several Afro-Brazilian women congratulating the actress on her marriage. As so many black women in Brazil are single and encounter extreme difficulty in managing to get married, many women saw this as a victory. But the actress’s marriage to a white man also re-ignited an ongoing debate/dialogue about the huge numbers of interracial marriages among Afro-Brazilians. One of the comments got right to the point. Protásio is black and overweight. In a country like Brazil where the standard of beauty is not only white, but also thin, one could imagine the difficulty the actress may have experienced before finally getting married. And, as many black women’s groups have revealed for a number years, this rejection of black women seems to be even stronger among black men. Which brings me to point number three.
We repeat here of the comments made on the ‘Eu não mereço mulher preta’ page: “All men like a white woman; the white man, the black man and oriental man, this is a fact! Pay attention!! It’s rare to see a black man with a black woman; they are always accompanied by a blond or a brunette. When the black man is famous, you hardly see him at the side of black woman. We are labeled racists, but wouldn’t the prejudice come from the black man rejecting their females?”
Why is it important to bring this comment to the forefront again? Because when I visited the page last Saturday to see what people were saying about its contents, I noticed the following. By about noon or so, I saw nearly 400 comments made under one of the photos on the page. Numerous attractive Afro-Brazilian women posted their photos making comments of the sort, “in fact, you DON’T deserve a black woman; I’m black, I’m beautiful and I’m proud of this.” Surely, some of these women made the denouncements on Facebook that eventually led to the page being deleted later than day. The problem? Out of the close to 400 comments defending the beauty of black women and denouncing the page at that point, this writer saw maybe a maximum 5 or 6 comments made by black men denouncing the page and defending the beauty of black women.
Although the page was already removed before I could save the comments, I hadn’t noticed anyone speaking about the huge “elephant in the room”. Having read thousands of comments in various Facebook (and formerly Orkut) pages over the years, it’s very clear that Afro-Brazilian women feel that they have been abandoned by Afro-Brazilian men, and on this racist page, there didn’t appear but a handful of black men who made any comments about the page. Was the creator of the page right when he asserted that “All men like a white woman”? Was he right when he asked “wouldn’t the prejudice come from the black man rejecting their females?” A number of white Brazilian men have also made this same accusation and it is getting increasingly difficult to deny this allegation as numerous posts on this blog also demonstrate. How long will black men continue to hide behind the rhetoric of “love having no color”? If love in fact had no color, it wouldn’t be so difficult to find a famous/rich black man with a black wife; even I disagree with the horrible, racist comments made on the now defunct ‘Eu não mereço mulher preta’ page, I cannot disagree with a few of the assertions (about Afro-Brazilian men) made on that page! The truth hurts!
Source: Opera Mundi
1. It is also notable here that this opinion black as well as mulata women. The Brazilian mythology often posits that mulata woman has certain advantages over the negra. While this is certainly true in some instances (as argued here), in the end, black and mulata are often placed in the same boat.


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Cooking methods which are used in fusion cooking
The fusion cooking methods take help of baking, roasting, grilling, stewing, stir frying and many other techniques. This is according to the place and the food that is being made. The ingredients commonly used in the fusion kind of dishes like in fusion Sushi dishes are basmati rice, cheese, Salsa and Spanish rice.
Different kind of fusion cuisine
Tex Mex cuisine
This kind of a cuisine is popular in America, Mexico as well as Texas. The fusion cuisine outside Texas is known South-Eastern cuisine. The favorite menus on the cards of fusion cuisine are Hatch Chile, Tostadas, Fajitas and Quesadillas.
Italian American Cuisine
This a fusion invented by Italian émigrés. They have been modified by Americans as well. Some of the best kind of fusion food is spaghettis with meat balls, baked ziti and tiramisu, eggplant parmesan, and baked pies.
Indian Chinese cuisine
This kind of cuisine has been adopted by Indian people. They use Chinese herbs and their culinary skills for adding taste to their cuisine. Introduced by a Chinese community in India, the fusion food includes Manchurian chicken, Hakka noodles, sweet corn soup, and many other.
Gourmet fusion dishes
These are some of the fusion dishes which are commonly tried out by most of the people in the world today.
Mushroom and Cheese Salads- Mushroom and cheese salads are one of the most popular dishes which are served in all kinds of cuisines.
Wilted greens and veggies-This is a healthy vegetarian fusion dish that is served as a side dish in vegetarian fusion cuisine.
Mango Papaya Salsa- This traditional Mexican fusion combines tasty and juicy mangoes and papayas. This is a must have food for all.
Alajento Veal with Sushi
The very name says that this is a Japanese fusion food. This is commonly eaten in Europe and Japanese countries.
Some very common fusion foods which are loved by all over the globe are
- Toast with mushrooms, yogurt and herbs- snacks that is served as fusion cuisine
- Pasta primavera- This is an Italian food served in American and Indian cuisine as well
- Tuna, ricotta cake and Guacamole- This is an amalgamation of Blended tuna fish and Ricotta cheese
Fusion food has a very bright future in the coming years because it is loved and accepted by all over the globe. The exotic tastes and different types of combination go well with the taste of contemporary men.
Fusion food is an amalgamation of various kinds of cuisines mixed together. It is not a specific food for any particular region. Asian restaurants have made fusion food popular and in great demand. With the different kind of changing tastes of man, fusion food is definitely here to stay. Below are some fusion foods that are well loved by people.

domain: food


text:
Blood Drive for Nicole Gogarty - posted 4/12/2017
Nicole Gogarty Needs Blood & Platelets WIFE OF Lt. CHRIS GOGARTY L144 FDNY
BLOOD DRIVE April 19,2017
Nicole is currently a patient at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center in New
York City. Her treatment will require regular blood and platelet transfusions.
Nicole and her family would deeply appreciate your donation of blood and/or platelets and requests you ask others you know to donate. Donations not used by Nicole will be released for use by other patients many of whom are children.
To benefit Nicole Gogarty all designated donations must be made in the Blood Donor Room of Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center
Please visit www.mskcc.org/blooddonations for complete information about donor eligibility and the donation process for blood or platelets.
Donations can be made:
Wednesday April 19 Between 9am and 7pm
At the Blood Donor Room
1250 First Avenue (between 67th/68th Streets) NYC Schwartz Building lobby – 212-639-7648 Appointments are NOT necessary
All blood types are acceptable
|Related file:||View file|
Back to list of announcements...

domain: medical


Quintrex 430 Fishabout Testimonial
Salesman John was very helpful answering all questions pre and post sale. Boat predelivery was excellent, it was spotless. One issue that needs to be addressed is advise to put motor onto tilt bracket when trailering boat. Suzuki user manual specifically says not to do this, to only use it to support motor when stationary. In which case customers need to be aware they either need to purchase a trailer to motor support bracket or one of the nylon inserts they make for the ram.
- Mark Proctor


In order for the public's use of the toy music box to affect the projection/music, Adrian McEwan and I got an Arduino to act as a USB keyboard, sending key-presses to the laptop according to human interactions.
In this video, we test the Rotary Encoder. If you turn the knob, the Arduino sends a keypress (space bar) to the computer. If you stop turning, it send another keypress of 'space bar' to pause.
We had Spotify open anyway, listening to Kettel (electronic music for tinkering with electronics).
Night Sun was commissioned by Nottingham City Council for Light Night 2014, funded by Arts Council England. Find out more about the project at http://www.timetravelopps.co.uk/night-sun


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THE race for the First Division championship is virtually a straight fight between Darlington 1883 and Spennymoor Town, but several sides are competing for the three promotion places in Division Two.
North Shields is one of them and after losing just once in their last 17 league and cup games, find themselves sixth with a real chance of making it into the top flight.
Manager Graham Fenton was happy with his team’s response following the disappointment of losing to Northallerton Town. He said: “The lads bounced back and we are in a good position going into this afternoon’s difficult game at Darlington RA, who are a point and a place above us.”
Following the Northallerton defeat, the Robins have won three games on the bounce and they will aim for a hat-trick of victories over RA, who they have beaten twice this season, racking up seven goals. Rob Nolan will be looking to maintain his scoring form. Since signing from Washington, with whom he scored three times, Nolan has notched 22 goals and is the Robins’ leading scorer.
He is named in a strong side which could include captain Dan Patterson and goalkeeper Michael Robinson, who were missing last weekend.
Crook Town lead the field and until a couple of weeks ago would have been odds-on favourites to defeat Horden CW but, since the appointment of the former Sunderland player John Cornforth as coach, the Colliers’ form has dramatically improved.
At one stage they looked doomed to be relegated but are now only a point behind Esh Winning, who are immediately outside the drop zone. Player manager Darren Atkinson misses out at the Millfield ground. Ryhope CW are second, going into their game at Thornaby, where Craig Marron and John Butler return. Michael Charlton, Martin Metcalfe and Greg Swansbury, though, are all considered doubtful.
Jarrow Roofing have surged into third place on the back of some excellent performances in recent weeks. Manager Richie McLoughlin cannot call upon Anth Myers or Danny Carson at Whitehaven.
Tow Law Town are another side on the up, although they probably have too much to do to regain top-flight status at the first attempt.
“We’ve brought in a few new players and others have come back from injury. Our form lately has been very good and we’ve started to put together a bit of consistency,” observed manager Gary Anderson who welcomes the return of Shaun Ryder at Ryton and Crawcrook Albion. In Division One, Newcastle Benfield are on ‘a bit of a high’ according to recently-appointed manager Steve Bowey, who insists that every game is massive, starting at Newton Aycliffe.
“We’ve won two and drawn one since Gareth McAlindon and I came in but there’s a long way to go if we are to avoid being really sucked into a relegation dogfight,” said Bowey.
Kevin Leighton and Gareth Williams come into Bowey’s plans but Paul Talbot is working and David Southern remains on the injured list.
Dunston UTS are playing for a top-eight finish and success in the Brooks Mileson Memorial Cup.
“It was disappointing going out of the FA Carlsberg Vase and we didn’t play very well last Saturday but bounced back to form with a good result at West Auckland Town earlier in the week,” observed secretary Bill Montague. UTS visit Sunderland RCA and manager Billy Irwin should have Stephen Goddard, Dan Smith, Liam Connell and captain Ben Cattanach in his squad.
Ashington are without the injured Josh Gray and will need to give striker Phill Bell a fitness test before boss Gary Middleton can name his line-up at Team Northumbria, who have slipped into the bottom six.
South Shields, with two wins in their last three games, will attempt to move out of the bottom three when they take on Hebburn Town.
Recently, Mariners’ boss Jon King has signed Denver Morris, Andrew Thompson, Jordan Fraser, Colin White and Kenny Ball. “They’ve made a difference and there’s a strong mentality in the squad. We still have a lot to do but I’m confident we can escape the drop,” enthused King.

domain: sports


text:
I am writing this article from the perspective of a car accident lawyer/personal injury lawyer.
Fatal Accident In Whitby and a discussion about the law on wrongful death car accident lawsuits
The answer is “maybe”. Car accident injury victims may not be entitled to any award for pain and su
A car accident can be a traumatic event. However, when the at-fault driver speeds off after the acc

domain: law


text:
Chef Professionalism 1994 Award Dinner Menu
Booklet style menu for the 1994 Chef Professionalism Award Dinner. The menu is printed on beige paper in black and red font. The cover of the menu is a green leather like paper. The front cover has the logo for the American Culinary Federation in red and gold. The unfolded inside part one has the name of the event printed on the right page. Below this is the date and location. The unfolded inside part two has the outline of the event on the left page. The right page list the menu items. The unfolded inside part three lists the winners for each region. The unfolded inside part four has the history of the award and past winners. The unfolded inside part five has a red border around the entire page. The bottom has the logo and address of the sponsor. The back cover of the menu is blank. Menu items range from Sonoma organic greens, to barbecued breast of Sonoma Moulard duck, to chocolate chimney with papaya cream, and Chinese fortune cookies.
Digitized by: Salt Lake Community College
digitized other analog
Chef Menus Collection Developed for the Culinary Arts Program at Salt Lake Community College. IN COPYRIGHT.
TIFF image scanned at 600 dpi from the original using an Epson Expression 10000 XL scanner. Converted to PDF using Photoshop.

domain: library


text:
Last Updated: Jun 13, 2016
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“We want to look at big bold things that will help stimulate the economy here,” said Walker.
Sitting in the Executive Residence library in Madison, Governor Walker talked about his bold agenda for the future with Local 5’s Jenn Sullivan.
“What would you like to see accomplished in 2014?” asked Sullivan.
“Real tax reform that drives economic growth,” he said.
In October, Walker signed a bill that would cut property taxes by $100 million over the next two years--saving the average home owner about $13 a year.
Now, he’s considering eliminating the state income tax.
“If you look at some of the top performing states, when it comes to jobs, they’re almost exclusively states that either have no income tax or states that have a very low income tax,” Walker said.
But striking the state income tax would mean having to increase taxes elsewhere.
“We’re looking to get some good feedback from tax payers across the state,” Walker said about the idea.
So could that be a key goal as he gears up for another campaign year?
When he first ran, he promised to create 250,000 jobs by 2015, a promise he isn’t even halfway close to achieving.
“We’re still committed to trying to accelerate that pace whether it’s January 1st or a month or whenever we’re still aiming for 250,000 jobs,” Walker said.
One way he hopes to do that is by continuing to pour money into programs that give potential employees the skills they need to get hired.
“We’ve poured more than $100 million into improving everything from multi-week courses, to 2 year technical colleges, to UW-Systems, to even some grad courses to fill those positions.”
While he’s focused on continuing to strengthen the economy he’ll also be fighting for re-election next year.
Last year’s elections proved Democrats at the national level are gaining ground up Wisconsinites—with President Obama winning Wisconsin, and Democrat Tammy Baldwin beating out former Gov. Tommy Thompson for the U.S. Senate seat.
“This is going to be a very close competitive race, no matter who the nominee is and we’re going to be prepared to get our message out and hopefully carry the day,” he said.
As far as any political aspirations for 2016, Walker said he’s flattered by Presidential rumors but is focused on improving Wisconsin as Governor.

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Initially I was hesitant to stay here but after seeing the inside of a room I was pleasantly surprised. The lady upfront was nice and accommodating. Stayed for a week and they regularly provided clean towels and linen. Also regularly dumped the trash. Stayed at a hotel down the street from here before and they had a sign posted telling... More
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- TripAdvisor is proud to partner with Booking.com, Hotels.com, Expedia, Orbitz, Priceline and Odigeo so you can book your Red Carpet Inn reservations with confidence. We help millions of travelers each month to find the perfect hotel for both vacation and business trips, always with the best discounts and special offers.
- Also Known As:
- Red Carpet Inn Ronks, PA - Lancaster County
- Ronks Red Carpet Inn

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This is out Library. Please click on the article title to view the details.
submitted by: admin on 04/11/2020
The Voice Of Reason
What's New in the News in Healthcare
We will begin with a series of What is New in the News in Healthcare with daily podcasts on Covid 19: The Real Story. Dr. Len Saputo will host the show and his longtime friend and partner, Francesco Garri Garripoli will co-host. Together...
submitted by: admin on 05/12/2020
Cutting through the confusion generated by fake news and its brainwashing hyperbole has left us all wondering what to believe about Covid 19. The Voice of Reason podcasts are intended to provide a commonsense commentary from authors and wellness advocates renown physician Len Saputo, MD and international Qigong Teacher Francesco Garripoli. Together, they will...


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Food allergies are estimated to affect 4 to 6 percent of children and 4 percent of adults.
It offers dieters emotional support, but it costs more than other diets.Nutrisystem 5 Day Protein Powered Jumpstart Weight Loss Kit. Diet-specific supplements are available at Walmart,.
Organic soy is free of charge of toxins such as. possible link to food preventing allergies.
Signs and Symptoms of Allergic Reactions to Whey Protein
Nutrisystem Foods Without SoyLook up the nutritional info for your favorite Medifast meals, get allergy info, compare Medifast to Alli get Green and Lean Options lists, meatless options list, and.Overconsumption of soy isoflavones can. if you are allergic to other nuts as well it is infact a nut allergy,.
Medifast Diet Review (UPDATED 2017): Does it Really Work?
Get all the ingredients,. and allergy information for Nutrisystem.People with soy allergies do not need to worry about ingesting food items.If you have a severe soy allergy or want to avoid soy for other.Detailed information on soy allergy, a type of food allergy, including how to read a label for a soy-free diet and other potential sources of soy or soy product.They are either fresh frozen or shelf stable (packaged).Schools performance intensive.Nutrisystem For Diabetics Id in order to leave you with a nourishing soy snack that you may try.My afternoon snack included a 1-ounce packet of NutriSystem Sour Cream and Onion Soy Chips, which were very tasty.Monday, January 14, 2008. - Jenny Craig food has soy. - Nutrisystem food has soy.
Soy allergy — Comprehensive overview covers symptoms, treatment of an allergic reaction to soy.
@ Nutrisystem Diabetic ★★ Fruits Good For DiabetesAlmost every day I receive a message from someone who has just been diagnosed with a soy allergy. or from someone whose child has just been diagnosed with a soy.
As long as ought to do not have an allergy to nuts this particular a.I am in a clinic based DF program and was provided with a lot of information about the risks and side effects of the.For the most part, dieters really love the flavor of Nutrisystem foods.
Soyfoods Association of North America 1050 17th Street,. found two-thirds of children lost their soy allergy 2 years after a positive oral challenge.vii.


7.7 Acres situated east of the Florida turnpike and just west of I-95. The land appears to be high and dry. The agricultural zoning permits single family homes and family day care homes. Located between Okeechobee and Orange Avenues. Conditional uses allow crop services, industrial waste water disposal, kennels, landscaping services, riding stables, veterinary services, telecommunication towers, additional accessory uses will be considered by the county including mobile home, retail & wholesale trade, solar energy, etc. Located near the Pruitt Research Center area making this parcel prime for any buyer who wants to be in close proximity to the research area.


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|Sent time:||Tuesday, October 11, 2011 11:12:19 AM|
|Subject:||[september17discuss] Interesting Article|
Occupy Wall Street: Stalwarts of Arab Spring offer advice
They've been through it. Arab Spring protest leaders have some
surprising words of wisdom.
Interviews compiled by Jon Jensen in Cairo, Noga Tarnopolsky in
Jerusalem and Hugh Macleod in Beirut.
It all began in Tunisia. The protests that toppled a dictator inspired
a region, and they spread to Egypt, then Yemen, Libya, Bahrain and
Syria. Then they struck Israel.
Now, it seems, they have spread to the United States. As Occupy Wall
Street gains momentum and fans out across the country, protesters have
made no secret out of the fact that they are emulating in their own
way the formula that worked for their counterparts in the Middle East
and North Africa.
The organizers of the Occupy protests have aggressively pursued social
media strategies and worked to maintain its leaderless momentum. But
as initial press reports begin to cool off, as does the weather, will
the protests fizzle?
It is unlikely that the Occupy demonstrators will be meeting with the
kind of violence doled out by Hosni Mubarak, Ali Abdullah Saleh and
Bashar al-Assad, and the situations in each country is vastly
different. But many protest leaders in the Middle East said that they
feel a connection to not only their fellow protesters in the region,
but also their fellow protesters in the United States and elsewhere.
“I do feel that we are part of a global moment,” said Stav Shaffir,
26, one of the lead organizers of the Israeli protest movement. “It is
important to me that what we are doing gets out and that people will
hear about it and understand the complexities of each country and each
case, and support each other.”
On that note, some stalwarts of the Arab Spring have some ideas about
how the U.S. protesters can keep up the pressure, and some tactics to
share that worked for them, including the need to provide
entertainment and snacks for long periods of time. Apparently, that’s
Ramy Raouf, communication officer at Front to Defend Egypt Protesters
What advice do you have for protesters in the United States?
“All protesters take the same risks, from Tunisia to Egypt — police
are cracking down using the same tactics. Every single person that
goes out onto the street in America for a peaceful protest should know
very well their rights under the U.S. law.
From Egypt: Has Egypt's revolution become a military coup?
"When police react with violence, the protesters also need to
understand the official laws of the region to understand what they can
and cannot do. If they ever get arrested, they should always have a
lawyer ready. During peaceful assemblies, protesters who have been
arrested should never answer any questions without a lawyer present.
"Protesters should always go to the streets carrying a bag. In that
bag, they should carry a can of Pepsi, a bottle of water, and a bottle
of vinegar. They should also carry plastic bags and extra clothes. If
the police shoot tear gas during a protest and it gets in their eyes,
they can immediately smell the vinegar. Then splash the water on their
face. After that, add pepsi to wash out the eyes. It will reduce the
effects of the gas.
"Alternatively, they could bring an onion and start smelling the onion
when the tear gas starts. If the police officers use electric shocks
or stun guns, protesters should wear the plastic bags on their legs.
You won't get affected by the shocks if you're wearing the plastic.
These are tips for any peaceful protest.
"If violence takes place, the protesters should document all the
police abuses. Always take pictures, even with a small camera. And
maintain accurate numbers of injured and arrested."
What kinds of things should the US protesters keep in mind if they
want to meet with success?
“They need to do two things. The first is to mobilize people in big
numbers. They should have as many people come to the protest with the
same demands. If you are only 50 people, it's not useful. But with
bigger numbers on the ground, you can really pressure the regime. The
second thing is direction and purpose. The protesters should always
keep in mind the direction they would like to go, and should always
operate with carefully planned steps."
Gigi Ibrahim, Egyptian activist
What advice do you have for protesters in the United States?
“The best thing I can say is they need to find a way to keep the
momentum going. And assemble a group of people that have the same
ideas to connect everyone and keep the momentum going. They should
know not to give up despite their relatively small numbers. It’s not
actually about numbers at this point. I actually see this movement
growing. And if these American activists continue their protests and
keep doing basically what they're doing, they could actually succeed."
What was the most important thing for you to do once all the Egyptians
descended on Tahrir Square?
“Whenever you occupy a place and are sitting in one spot for many
hours, and not getting a response from the government, you have to
keep yourself entertained. Before we reached Tahrir in late January,
the activists had agreed that we would gather for a meeting, but we
didn't know exactly what we would do or say. So when we got there, we
called a meeting near a palm tree in the square. We discussed how to
keep protesters there for as long as possible. We decided that if
they're not fed or entertained, then people would start leaving. So we
started collecting money for food. And we sent people throughout
Tahrir who were singing, telling stories and walking around speaking
to each other. You need something like that — even if it's yoga — you
have to keep people entertained for long periods of waiting."
How can the Occupy Wall Street protesters succeed?
“One important thing is to have a clear set of demands. And have those
demands, which can be in a list, have to be made very public. Over 18
days, Egyptian protesters eventually put up large posters with our
demands for the entire square to see. They should also start thinking
about how to expand their movement. I think it's going already in the
right direction, with the labor unions agreeing to join. But they need
more labor unions to get involved."
What about social media?
“I recommend that protesters use Twitter so that people can follow
what's happening. And they should create a unified hashtag, because
I've noticed that's there are several hashtags in New York. It's very
important to have a unified hashtag because one spelling mistake can
make a difference. I think #OccupyWallStreet is too long. We used
#Jan25, which was short and to the point. We came up with hashtags for
all protests. We even had a safety hashtag for activists to tweet once
they got home from a protest so that other activists could know that
they were okay."
What should protesters do if the police crackdown?
"If the police resort to violence, it's up to the individual protester
to decide whether or not they want to run away or fight back. I
personally fought back in Egypt. But either way, you have to defend
yourself. I recommend that protesters have a mask or scarf just in
case the police start with tear gas. In Tahrir, I put an onion dipped
in vinegar inside my scarf, and wrapped it around another scarf. And I
only breathed through my mouth. But maybe the tear gas in America
isn't expired like it was in Egypt. If protesters get arrested, they
should know that they have more rights than we had. They can get a
phone call. If they're arrested, the protesters shouldn't say anything
until there's a lawyer present. They should also find out exactly what
charges they face. There's a legal system in America, and that means
more legal room to defend themselves."
How do you see it going in New York so far?
"Well, it's already spreading to another cities. That's the key. It
was different in Egypt, but they will need to figure out what will
keep the momentum going for protesters in American communities. Still,
they're doing a good job. This could be a revolution — I already see
it as a revolution."
Stav Shaffir, 26, a lead organizer of the Israeli social protest
What advice do you have for the U.S. protesters?
“First thing is, don’t over organize. I think it is one of the most
important things. We are all, all of us, protesting against much
greater forces than our own. I have to say that I didn’t understand
the magnitude of this before we started our own protest. I had no idea
how big these interests are.
"We are all standing up against governments, conglomerates, and you
have to begin to understand just how powerful they are.
"So the only power we have is not to be an organization. Safeguard
your own chaos. The establishment has no idea what to do with a
chaotic style of leadership. If you have many leaders, they don’t know
what to do with it. You have to make sure to keep up constant activity
under different leadership, so that they never know where the next
thing is coming from. They are clueless how to respond.”
What should the U.S. protesters keep in mind if they want to meet with
“The other thing is honesty and authenticity. You have to be
absolutely sure of yourself, to keep being kids, to work from the
heart. We do not have to be experts in order to see the problems that
surround us, so it is important to remain true to yourself, to respond
from the heart, honestly.
"When you are facing a large evil and such injustice, what we have on
our side is that we still feel, that we feel mercy, solidarity,
friendship; these basic things are what keep us strong.”
Do you have tactical advice?
“In terms of tactics, you have to allow as much liberty as you
possibly can. People come up with amazing solutions to problems if you
just let them. We never even thought about building a community
kitchen, for example. One day someone said ‘we need a kitchen here’
and within the hour, we had a kitchen.
"You have to be prepared to improvise and laugh at problems, not take
things too hard or too seriously. Also, its colder there… You probably
need some sunshine."
Sameh al-Hamwi, from the Syrian Revolution General Commission
What advice do you have for the U.S. protesters?
“The Wall Street protesters must stay away from violence, especially
with the police. They must allow an open space so that people and cars
can pass through because by doing so they will gain the support of the
public. They must keep cleaning the street and organize their sit in,
creating activities, new ideas every day, new banners and logos.
"They could put big speakers to play music or broadcast speeches so
people in other neighborhoods can hear. This is how we did it in Hama,
to communicate the protest to other people from other neighbourhoods.
"They should be communicating with the media a lot and putting down
new ideas and innovative targets. They should issue a list of goals
and write them on canvas banners for the protesters to sign, either by
hand or by their fingerprints in paint.
"It should not be a leadership campaign. Activists should be
distributed between groups so that if one is arrested it does not
affect the outcome.
"My heart is with the American people and the youth.”
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domain: politics


Volvo has announced the largest 50-gigawatt-hour battery plant facility, which is a joint venture with another company called Northvolt, is set to come online in 2025 and is expected to employ 3,000 people.
Volvo Northvolt Battery Plant – Outside
Volvo, in partnership with Northvolt, a supplier of sustainable battery cells and related systems, announced Friday that it will open a new joint venture manufacturing plant. The facility is located in the automaker’s home town of Gothenburg, Sweden, in Torresland. The unit is expected to begin manufacturing batteries for Volvo and Polestar vehicles by 2025.
The factory, which will be strategically located near Volvo’s largest assembly plant, is the result of a combined investment of about $ 3.3 billion from two companies of about 30 billion Swedish kronas. That cost, announced in December, also includes a new research and development centre. That facility in Gothenburg will start operating this year.
Volvo Northvolt Battery Plant – Cell
Real production battery cells probably don’t look this fancy.
Construction of the new factory at Volvo and Northvolt will begin in 2023. Once it is up and running, the plant is expected to employ 3,000 people. Beyond that, it must be capable of building 50 gigawatt hours worth of batteries per year, making it one of Europe’s largest cell-production plants. Putting that figure in context, there are enough electron reservoirs to power approximately 500,000 EVs. As an eco-friendly premium automaker, squeezing things and burning Volvo credentials, the plant is powered by fossil-free energy, so don’t expect it to have high-fumes, emitting fumes.
In the coming years, Volvo will require all the batteries it can get. Although it only offers a couple of pure-electric vehicles today, as well as hybrid smattering, automakers are urging to fully electrify its portfolio by 2030, which is roughly two product life cycles, practically blinking in the automotive industry. With the help of Northvolt, this new battery plant is the cornerstone of Volvo’s global manufacturing footprint.
Volvo PersonalWagner; VOLVO) is a Swedish multinational car manufacturer headquartered in Torslanda, Gothenburg. The company manufactures SUVs, station waggons and sedans. The main marketing arguments of the company are safety and its Swedish heritage and design
In March 2021, Volvo Cars announced it would become a fully electric brand by 2030. In June 2021, Volvo Cars and Swedish battery developer and manufacturer Northvolt announced its intention to establish a 50/50 joint venture with the Battery Gigafactory and Research and Development (R&D) Centre. In December 2021, it was revealed that the Battery R&D Centre was located in Gothenburg. In February 2022, Gothenburg was also selected as the site for the Battery Gigafactory
Northvolt AB is a Swedish battery initiator and producer specialising in lithium-ion technology for electric vehicles.
What is the inexpensive Volvo car in India?
The XC40 is the cheapest Volvo car in India with a price tag of ₹ 43.20 lakhs
Which is the highest priced Volvo car in India?
The most expensive Volvo car in India is the XC90, which costs ₹ 90.90 lakh
Your Volvo has a 5 year / 100 000 km warranty and maintenance plan (Volvo Plan) with it. You can find details of the Volvo project in your service and warranty booklet
Volvo Cars is retrieving 460,769 older models worldwide because malfunctioning air bags can be fatal in the event of an accident. … The affected vehicles are old model Volvos. They include the 2001-2006 S80 and the 2001-2009 S60.
Where is Northvolt?
Northvolt has been officially launched at its headquarters in Stockholm. Northvolt closes the $ 12 million opening fund round. Northvolt is set to build the world’s green battery to enable the European transition to renewable energy.
Who owns the Northvolt battery?
Carlson, a former executive of electric car maker Tesla Inc., co-founded Northvolt in 2016. Volkswagen, the world’s largest carmaker, took a 20% stake in Northvolt in 2019 and expanded its partnership this year, ordering an additional $ 14 billion. Batteries for the next 10 years
What is Northvolt?
Northwold doesn’t just manufacture batteries. We develop them into complete solutions to power everything from motorcycles and mining machines to energy storage systems and boats.
How many people work in Northvolt?
By early 2020, Northvolt had 600 employees. The hiring process continues and the company estimates that by the end of 2020, the number of employees will be approximately 1.000. Northvolt’s communications director argues that the company currently employs about 10-15 people a week
sources Volvo Northvolt’s


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For the 600 residents of the most northern island in the Shetlands, it could be the most exciting thing since Unstfest – the annual shindig that this year offered, among its attractions, a scything demonstration over-16s could join.
The proposals are at an early stage, but if the Shetland Space Centre Ltd gets its way, Unst could become the UK’s premier spaceport with a local economy revitalised by blasting satellites into orbit. The company was set up on the island, a breathtaking fragment nearer Norway than Edinburgh, after it was identified as the most promising launch site in Britain, in a study supported by the UK Space Agency.
A report on the project, known as Sceptre, found that rockets launched from Saxa Vord on Unst could carry the greatest payloads into commercially valuable orbits with the lowest risk to inhabitants if the spacecraft failed and crashed back to Earth.
Unst is so far north that rockets lifting off from the island could fly straight into orbit without passing over populated areas, unlike those from other sites which would have to perform dog-leg manoeuvres, limiting the weight of the payload they could carry.
“From the report and our discussions with experts in the field, it is clear that the former Ministry of Defence aerial farm north of Saxa Vord hill, or the old MoD site at Lamba Ness, would be ideal for satellite launches,” said Frank Strang, director of the Shetland Space Centre.
The Sceptre report assessed the risks of launching from a range of sites to polar and so-called sun-synchronous orbits, which are in high demand from satellite operators for communications and Earth observation respectively. According to the document, the next best locations after Unst include a site in the Orkney Islands, followed by others on the north coast of the mainland.
In 2014, the UK Space Agency identified eight places in Britain that could potentially host a spaceport, but selection was based on sites that had extremely long runways and other facilities needed to fly spaceplanes, which take off horizontally, rather than vertically. A spaceport in the Shetlands would launch conventional satellite-bearing rockets straight up.
Pat Burns, owner of The Final Checkout Cafe on Unst, said a spaceport was just what the island needed. “I think it’s a brilliant idea. There’s a lot of excitement about it,” she said. In the past, Unst has suffered from the closure of the RAF base and airport and the loss of services, from schools and doctors’ surgeries to care centres.
“It’s absolutely stunning here. We’re the most northern and the most beautiful island in the Shetlands,” Burns said. “But a lot of the young people go on to university and once on the mainland there’s nothing to attract them to come back. This could mean jobs and opportunities.”
A detailed bid for the spaceport could be submitted to the UK Space Agency next year. “This is potentially very exciting news for Unst, and for Shetland as a whole. If the bid is successful, the project could have significant and welcome implications for the local and Shetland economy,” said Unst councillor Alastair Cooper, chair of the development committee.
Draft laws and regulations that would govern UK satellite launches and other flights have recently been passed to the House of Lords in the form of the Space Industry bill. It marks the first step in the process that is expected to lead to Britain’s first spaceport.
Burns said she had not heard any voices against the proposal, despite the inevitability that frequent rocket launches on an island 12 miles by six might impinge on the tranquility of Unst. “I like the peace and quiet, and I love the scenery, but I like to get away too,” she said. “You’d get cabin fever if you didn’t get off for a bit.”

domain: geography