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Missile Defense, the U.S. and Europe
REBECCA ROBERTS, host:
Also at the G-8 today, Russian President Vladimir Putin made an unexpected proposal on missile descents. Going in to the summit, he and President Bush had traded some harsh words about a U.S. plan to place empty missile installation in Poland and the Czech Republic.
Today, Putin said he'd be okay with U.S. missile defense plan if it use the radar system that already exists in Azerbaijan instead of building a new one in the Czech Republic.
The current tensions have renewed focus on the whole U.S. missile defense program and we asked Nathan Hodge of Jane's Defense Weekly to come in and remind us what it's all about.
Mr. NATHAN HODGE (Writer, Jane's Defense Weekly): Well, when Ronald Reagan made his famous "Star Wars" speech back in 1983, the goal of missile defense is quite ambitious. Regan called on scientists to develop something that would make ballistic missile impotent and obsolete. What the Bush administration has been pushing is something that's much more limited. What they are trying to build in the missile defense agency and it's in the process of creating is layers of ballistic missile defense shield, which combines ground-base interceptors, which the Bush administration would like to have placed in Poland. It would have sea-based shooters - that's Navy Essex ships. They're reconfigured to shoot down ballistic missiles in flight.
And then something that they would call the boost-phase missile defense, which would be ways of shooting down missiles when they're at their sort of most vulnerable phase of flight. And what - we can't leave out the terminal phase of missile defense, which is things like PAC-3, the Patriot Missile System, and the Terminal High Altitude Area Defense or THAAD, which would shoot down on a threat missile in the final phase of its flight.
ROBERTS: So there's ground-based, sea-based, air-based targeting missiles just after their launch in the middle of their flight and as they're about to return to earth.
Mr. HODGE: Probably the best way to divide that up is this. You have boost-phase, midcourse, and terminal descent.
ROBERTS: That's the missile.
Mr. HODGE: Of missile defense. It's complicated stuff.
ROBERTS: So what we're talking about in Poland and the Czech Republic are two parts of a ground-base system that would target an incoming missile in its mid-flight?
Mr. HODGE: In the midcourse phase. That's correct.
ROBERTS: Midcourse phase.
Mr. HODGE: Okay. We already have ground-based interceptors at Fort Greeley, Alaska and at Vandenberg Air Force Base in California. The administration has been pushing them for a while to have a third ground-based interceptor site in Europe. And they have settled on Poland for the interceptors and the Czech Republic for the radar.
ROBERTS: So who is that system meant to protect Europe from?
Mr. HODGE: Well, that's the interesting thing about missile defense in general today, it is supposed to be able to counter threats from rogue states. So it's a very limited defense. If and when it works, it would only be able to stop a very limited number of threat missiles coming from - if we're talking about the interceptors in Poland - coming from the Middle East.
ROBERTS: And does it work?
Mr. HODGE: This is an interesting question. Now, MDA, the Missile Defense Agency, likes to say that it has had some success in hit to kill intercepts. In other words, the Missile Defense Agency has pointed to, I think, 26 for 34 in terms of successful hit to kill intercepts. Critics would say these tests are highly scripted. In other words, they're non-operationally realistic conditions. There are lots of ways in which you could overwhelm the missile defense system.
You could fire off (unintelligible), you could have decoys or you could simply overwhelm the system by sheer numbers. So really, what the critics are getting up is what does this $9 billion or $10 billion a year that we're spending on missile defense get you? A very limited defense that's never really been tested under operational circumstances.
ROBERTS: The missiles themselves, the hit to kill missiles, don't carry a payload. They're basically very large, heavy, fast rocks being launched at incoming missiles.
Mr. HODGE: That's a great way of describing it.
ROBERTS: So what is Vladimir Putin's big objection?
Mr. HODGE: Putin's objections are coming at a time when they're already looking at the succession of the Russian presidency. And this is really a really hot button issue for Russia, which is feeling a lot more confident on the world stage in general. Now, the Russians really didn't raise much of a fuss when they stopped the ABM Treaty. But having a missile defense interceptors stationed on Polish soil, which used to be part of the Warsaw Pact. I think it just crosses a line and Russian military officials have said that they would foresee that as a direct threat.
ROBERTS: Nathan Hodge, thanks so much.
Mr. HODGE: Than you.
ROBERTS: Nathan Hodge is staff writer for Jane's Defense Weekly.
NPR transcripts are created on a rush deadline by an NPR contractor. This text may not be in its final form and may be updated or revised in the future. Accuracy and availability may vary. The authoritative record of NPR’s programming is the audio record.


Originally Posted by samshirley00
I got told that by an "elite" member of the club i go to. There are more options for the front suspension if you leave them in upright style
In my opinion, there are actually more tuning variables in IFS mode:
Different length on the pushrods, will change the rocker geometry and spring action.
Adding or removing ball link shims on the rockers, will change the rocker ratio.
That's in addition to the spring rate/pistons/oil wt.
In contrast, standard stand up shocks, have different holes/shock angles to accomplish the same thing.
The fine differences, are:
Stand up, have limited # of mounting holes to choose from.
IFS, infinitely adjustable turnbuckle length.
However, I run the standard stand up shocks, as I'm more familiar to tune.
And for comparison, my friend runs IFS.....cars handle similar (after the IFS received softer rear red (hard type) springs.


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Sunbury-on-Thames, town (1991 pop. 26,240), Surrey, SE England, on the Thames. Sunbury Park with its walled garden is there. Nearby Shepperton has motion-picture studios and a village center from the 17th–18th cent. The novelist Thomas Love Peacock lived in the area and is buried in Shepperton.
The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. All rights reserved.
See more Encyclopedia articles on: British and Irish Political Geography

domain: geography


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This charming vintage glass vase from Kronobergs Glass was made in the early 1980s. The stylized pair of angelfish lend a timeless aesthetic to the clean design of the crystal. The vase is small, 3" wide and 5" tall, and it weighs 1.25 pounds. Its style number is 4018B. Though the piece is unsigned, my Facebook glass group connections have provided a good deal of information about it.
In 1979 Tage Johansson, an engraver in Lessebo, bought the designs from the bankrupt Hovmantorp Glassworks, and also all the glass left in the factory's premises. He then set about reproducing the same designs on the same glass under the name 'Kronoberg Glas'. The engraving motif of our two fish is quite certainly Rune Strand's, and the engraving was likely done by Laila von Wendel.
The vase is in excellent condition, and would make a wonderful gift or feature in your home office décor.
2-5 business days
Buyers are responsible for any customs and import taxes that may apply. I'm not responsible for delays due to customs.
Just contact me within: 14 days of delivery
Ship items back to me within: 30 days of delivery
But please contact me if you have any problems with your order.
Buyers are responsible for return shipping costs. If the item is not returned in its original condition, the buyer is responsible for any loss in value.

domain: design


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The construction of a new generation missile boat, named Storm, will begin on the 10th of May in Feodosia.
The small Project 22800 boat was designed by the Almaz Central Marine Design Bureau.
According to the Defense Ministry, the short term goal is to build more than 10 such boats for the Russian Navy.
Two more small missile boats, named Hurricane and Typhoon, are already being built at the Pella Shipyard in St. Petersburg.
These new generation missile boats have a displacement of 800 tons and can reach speeds of more than 30 knots. They are equipped with high-precision missiles and advanced artillery systems. The boats will also be able to perform tasks at a distance of approximately 3,000 miles from the base.

domain: news


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The 'MARS NXT' timepiece has been created to offer wearers a way to keep time here on Earth as well as on another planet. Capable of displaying the time here on Earth as well as on Mars, the timepiece boasts a crown-less design that keeps time in both digital and analog forms. The watch is crafted from high-quality 316 stainless steel along with mineral glass that has been chosen for its inherent durability.
Interplanetary travel is becoming a more popular topic amongst consumers who are getting excited about the possibility that they might be able to live their lifestyle on another planet in the near future. The 'MARS NXT' timepiece is an example of this with a design that looks ready for wear on one of our closest planetary neighbors.


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|Date Released:||March 11, 2014|
Explore! Is an instrumental I wrote down in Captiva Florida. I’d just arrived and felt I owed my music a few hours before I could go out and have fun wandering. The basic melody and idea for the song came together quite quickly over a drum loop, subconsciously fueled, I suppose, by my urge to get out and see the area. Once back from my travels I did the arranging with the Jupiter 8 and Prophet 08 playing prominently. All marimba and ethnic sounds were AAS Chromaphone and String Studio, mellotron supplied the haunting female voice, and UHEs Diva the wild electro-cat sound effect “lead”.

domain: artistic


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Are you in a relationship to wonder ways to improve your relationship? Does the idea of talking to your husband or wife about what can be occurring around the house take you crazy? Are you ready to start talking more with your spouse? This is the solution to methods to improve your relationship.
The majority of guys are correct. The mere talk about your problems or how your day was ruined simply by another person does little to enhance your take pleasure in life. Doctor Steven Stosny and Dr . Patricia Love, author of How to further improve Your Wedded life Reveal the shocking real truth about marriage bliss: Absolutely adore is not about better communication or sharing.
Connection is one thing nonetheless being wide open and posting is another. Understanding how to listen to and respect your spouse is the first step to understanding how to improve your relationship without conversing. Sometimes the easiest way to say “I’m sorry” should be to just apologize. However , just expressing hello will not support if you have certainly not learned tips on how to apologize correctly.
Presently saving all this time merely to acquire some fun? Well, I suggest you quit doing that. Having a good time is important, but staying in a relationship is likewise vitally important. Being together for any good marital relationship means posting things together. How to improve your marriage is about understanding how to share with your companion and how to end up being insecure with one another. For this reason having a very good sex life is important.
While i was looking for answers as to how to enhance my marital relationship, my friends and I discovered the most valuable sugestion. My husband and I used to have a terrible love-making lifestyle. It was awful. We would try to improve our marriage by mending our difficulties with our sex life, but our relationship did not obtain any better.
My biggest revelation is the fact couples need to talk effectively. Tips on how to improve your matrimony is about connecting effectively. Not only for communicating, but listening to your spouse when he or this lady needs to speak. Communication is important mainly because then the two of you can understand each other. As well as the conversation between the both of you, but likewise the communication in your way on the path to your spouse.
One of the best practical ways to improve your marriage is always to make time for your spouse. My spouse and i used to terminate dates and events even though we don’t want to invest time with each other. If you and your spouse tend talk typically enough, you will see a negative vibe and stress between the you both. This will make time harder to communicate with your partner. Therefore , the number one thing that I do to enhance my marital life is to generate time for my spouse.
Finally, 1 last thing for you to improve your marital relationship. The third matter that https://fowapparel.com/index.php/2020/10/19/inescapable-fact-regarding-marriage-regalities-in-far-eastern-europe/ I do is usually make coming back my mother-in-law. My mother-in-law has helped me with so several things in my life, including helping https://perfect-bride.com/blog/6-cities-to-meet-russian-women me spend less, making sure that I actually am keeping my house within a good condition, plus much more recently, getting my own marriage returning on track. With no her assisting me, I recognize that my own marriage can be much a whole lot worse off.

domain: sociology


Andy Murray is leaving no stone unturned in his desperate effort to get into the shape but his wrist injury threatens to mar his show in this year’s Wimbledon, which kicks off on Monday. British number one Murray had a practice session with a sparring partner under the watchful eyes of coach Brad Gilbert and though the youngster hit the ball with force, it was clear that he has not recovered fully from the injury, which he had sustained in the Hamburg Open last month. Murray has already been advised by world number one roger Federer not to play if he is not fully fit. Wimbledon referee Andrew Jarrett has already made it clear that he would not entertain any request to allow Murray a Tuesday start, thus giving the youngster an extra day to recover. In case Murray plays and wins his first two rounds, the eighth seeded player would face fellow Briton Tim Henman, provided Henman too triumphs in his first two matches. Henman seemed eager to meet his compatriot and said I would love to play Andy in the third round, but that would mean having to win my first two matches, and that’s the most important thing. Henman, however, faces tough challenge in the first round where he has been pitted against former world number one Carlos Moya.


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- 29 Jun 2020 8:02 AM
- Hungary Around the Clock
The essence of the change is that bars in the area bounded by Király utca and Erzsébet körút (both sides), Rákóczi út and Károly körút may only stay open between 10 p.m. and 6 a.m. if they are granted a special permit by the local council.
The issue of the Party Zone has been dragging on for many years, as bars and restaurants have profited from lucrative international party tourism, while local residents say the district is becoming impossible to live in.
New mayor Péter Niedermüller of the Democratic Coalition promised in his election campaign that he would do something about the situation.
Under the new regulation, bars and restaurants:
* cannot allow guests to take alcohol out to the street,
* must keep the street before the establishment clean,
* may not sell drinks in plastic glasses,
* must allow non–paying guests to use the toilets,
* may not accept goods delivery between 10 p.m. and 6 a.m.,
* and must gauge and restrict noise levels.
MTI Photo: Zoltán Balogh


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New markets require new approaches and tactics. Experts and industry leaders take the stage at Inman Connect New York in January to help navigate the market shift — and prepare for the next one. Meet the moment and join us. Register here
Luxury co-ownership company Pacaso has released research on the most active second-home markets for 2022.
In an announcement sent to Inman, the company shows that a one-time remote county in southern Utah’s high desert experienced the most number of mortgage rate locks for second homes. Washington County saw a year-over-year jump of 10.3 percent, Pacaso said, followed by Osceola County, Florida, at 6.1 percent, remarkably the geographical opposite of the top performer.
Sunny, red rock-strewn Washington County is home to Zion National Park, as well as a number of other notably scenic state parks and recreation lands. St. George, Utah, another rapidly growing metro along Interstate-15, connecting Los Angeles and Las Vegas to Salt Lake City, is also in Washington County.
“Despite a national cooling in residential real estate, we’re finding that the luxury real estate market is still in a league of its own,” said Pacaso CEO and co-founder Austin Allison in a press release. “We’ve continued to see luxury sales volume growth in many top destination communities across the U.S.”
Following Osceola County is Nevada County, California, which stretches into the ski communities of Truckee and North Lake Tahoe at 4.5 percent growth and Indian River County, Florida, at 2.8 percent. Napa County, California, rounds out the top five fastest-growing second-home regions at just over 2 percent year-over-year growth, according to Pacaso.
Pacaso arrived at its findings using second-home mortgage rate lock data across the U.S., an indicator of second-home buying activity. It surveyed activity from Jan. 1 to Dec. 6, 2022, including only markets with 50 or more second-home transactions and a share of second-home mortgage rate locks at or above 10 percent.
Destination markets for second homes are clearly being more defined of late by active lifestyles as opposed to places characterized by classical retirement tropes, such as golf and static lifestyles. Southern Utah is highly regarded as a global mountain biking and rock climbing destination, as California’s Lake Tahoe region is known for skiing.
However, many of 2022’s most popular second home markets are familiar to Pacaso, according to Allison.
“What’s interesting here is that many of the counties that saw the largest year-over-year shift toward second home buying activity this year are already regarded as luxury top second home destinations,” he said in the announcement. “Places like Napa, Kauai, and New York City all made the list this year. More modest price growth, and perhaps even price drops in some markets, could be contributing to some buyers turning again to these established locations to find the second home of their dreams.”
Pacaso largely pioneered the formalization of co-ownership. Despite the purchasing model being around for decades, it ultimately lacked a coherent long-term benefits explanation or ideal market in which to thrive. Pacaso sells up to eight shares in the majority of its homes, pays cooperating agents three percent commissions and equity bonuses and has partnered with a number of local third-party service providers to assist its owners.
Even though the housing market has experienced a turbulent year, resulting in a large number of layoffs throughout proptech and brokerage including Pacaso, the company remains confident in the market’s interest in second homes, largely because of its buyers.
“It’s just not the whiplash-inducing lightning-speed growth we saw throughout much of 2020 and 2021,” Allison said in the announcement. “High-net-worth buyers are not as reliant on financing, so they might be less deterred by rising rates, and we hear a lot from our buyers that they don’t want to wait for perfect market conditions, they are ready to enjoy the benefits of a second home now.”


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History of Concord, NC
Twenty miles northeast of Charlotte lies Concord city near the eastern edge of the Piedmont region. The city was first settled about 1750 by German and Scots-Irish immigrants and was incorporated in 1806. Records of the 1821 city elections are preserved in area newspapers. The City’s written records begin with Minutes of a meeting on March 13, 1837, when newly-elected Magistrate of Police (now Mayor) J. L. Beard, and four Town Commissioners met to take their oaths of office and to organize city government. By 1838, the tax list showed “taxables” in Concord as 46 white males and 29 African-American males. From the end of the Revolutionary Period to the end of the Civil War, counties in North Carolina exercised judicial and administrative functions through their local County Courts while towns were generally small trading centers and seats of local government until 1865.
The name Concord was derived from a settlement of a dispute between the German Lutherans and Scotch-Irish Presbyterians that arose over the site. Concord means “with harmony.”
The city was founded in 1796, and after the 1799 the North Carolina gold rush began after the discovery of the Reed Gold Mine. However, mining declined by the 1850s and instead the city of Concord became a textile center in the 20th century. Various cotton items and hosiery we produced, and the wealth accumulated allowed business owners and others to build homes.
Major industries now include automotive racing, coffee, healthcare, manufacturing, educational institutions, retail sales and food distribution.
If you have a dog at home and you’re out and about enjoying the city you want to make sure your dog is well-trained just call Concord’s top puppy trainer and dog trainer – Sally Said So.
Talk to our expert dog trainers. To get started we do a 1-on-1 dog training consultation where we meet with you and your dog to find the best solution. The methods used are ones we determine at the consultation.


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"Sounds of Summer: Exploring the Tones and Colors of Organs" Continues with Organist Ray Ebert
8:58am Jul 25, 2013
Sounds of the Summer: Exploring the Tones and Colors of Organs in Winston-Salem began June 9th, with a recital by Co-founder, award-winning organist Timothy Olsen. He performed on the 1971 Charles W. McManis Organ at the Gemeinhaus in Historic Bethabara Park. Sounds of the Summer continues through August 19th and along the way organ lovers sample from the Grooms and Payne instrument at First Baptist Church, the Skinner and Fisk organs at St. Paul’s Episcopal, and many others, performed on by some of the Piedmont’s finest keyboardists.
On Sunday night, August 4th, at 7PM it’ll be the 1978 Noack Organ at Ardmore United Methodist Church in Winston-Salem. Sounds of Summer Co-founder Dreamma Lovitt will present that program. Dreamma and Tim teamed up with Winston-Salem native, Centenary United Methodist Church Organist Emeritus Ray Ebert to create this remarkable performance series.
Ray spoke with David Ford about the mighty pipe organ and his colleagues.
Keyboardist Ray Ebert. For 30 years he was organist at Reynolda House Musuem of American Art. He’s now Organist Emeritus at Centenary United Methodist Church after a 40-year tenure there. Ray, along with organists Tim Olsen and Dreamma Lovitt is the co-organizer of Sounds of the Summer: Exploring the Tones and Colors of Organs in Winston-Salem. Sounds of the Summer continues next week, on Sunday night, August 4th, at 7PM at Ardmore United Methodist Church. Dreamma Lovitt will perform on that church’s 1978 Noack Organ.


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Political allegory in the book animal
Failure of the revolution in animal farm - the animals in the book “animal farm” hoped to animal farm is a great example of allegory and political. Animal farm is a novel gathers the animals of the manor farm for a meeting in the big barn symbolism wiki is a fandom books community. Get free homework help on george orwell's animal farm: book summary, chapter summary and analysis, quotes, essays, and character analysis courtesy of cliffsnotes. What's the story with 'animal farm' understanding political allegory fiction books animal farm is an allegory about political allegory can be. In honor of banned books week, we're publishing our original reviews of frequently banned books in 1946, our critic george soules read animal farm with disgust. As a literary device, an allegory is a metaphor whose vehicle may be a character, place or event, representing real-world issues and occurrences. Although recently we do find examples of allegory in political allegory in literature example #1: animal allegory the good characters of book. Get an answer for 'how is animal farm an allegory for the russian revolution' and find homework help for other animal farm questions at enotes.
This text is about the communist political system, communist, socialist and capitalist political theories and george orwell’s book animal political allegory. The end of the book is the power struggle political/revolutionary decisions were made cornell notes animal farm - allegory 6. Animal farm political allegory and satire find the word in the book b) just as orwell used personified animals to satirize historical people and. The genre of animal farm in the book animal farm and along with allegory to criticize orwell had used the animal to make political jokes. Political allegory in the book animal farm ideas play a part in any revolution, conflicting ideas is main reason why revolutions happens this is the platform that. George orwell is a writer and is most famous for his political allegory animal farm written in 1945 he was born named eric arthur blair in india.
George orwell and the politics of animal farm in this period of bliss, there are brewing far more horrible situations for the animals of animal farm. Animal farm is a political allegory written by george orwell in 1945 during the second world war the purpose of this novel is to express orwell’s opinions towards. “wicked” a smashing political allegory as a political statement, wrote “animals should be i believe also somewhere in the book it explains that. Animal farm: character profiles who many consider to be someone who totally ignored marx's political and orwell uses the dogs in his book, animal.
Allegory in animal farm: characters at the beginning of the book, he tells all the animals of a strange dream he had about a allegory in animal farm. Orwell illustrates and clarifies this profound universal truth by his allegorical novel animal farm in which the animals book is a thinly-veiled allegory. Animal farm and allegory the animal residents of many of the events at manor farm are closely linked to political events in russia during the first half of. This site is dedicated to the life and work of the british author george orwell who orwell wrote 'animal farm' primarily as an allegory of book to political.
Political allegory in the book animal
Animal farm: animal farm, anti-utopian satire by george orwell, published in 1945 one of orwell’s finest works, it is a political fable based on the events of.
- A political allegory is a story or what is political allegory george orwell did not deny that his book animal farm was a political allegory about.
- 294 quotes from animal farm: ‘all animals are equal rate this book dystopia, political 340 likes.
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Political allegory in the book animal farm essays: over 180,000 political allegory in the book animal farm essays, political allegory in the book animal farm term. The novel animal farm is an allegory for the russian revolution mr jones, the farmer against whom the animals rebel, represents the tsar of russia, nicholas ii. Allegory and satire on animal farm by animal farm book is the refection of events related animal farm is a political satire as it satires the russian.

domain: library


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There were several Barnsley loanees in action over the past few days, here we take a look at how they got on at their temporary homes.
We’ll start in the Sky Bet Championship with Mallik Wilks, who opened his account for Hull City at the weekend. The forward came from the bench with 20 minutes remaining to rescue a point for Grant McCann’s side at the Madjeski Stadium.
However, despite starting against Blackburn Rovers in midweek, Wilks was replaced with the score at 0-0 before the Tigers went onto lose 3-0.
In League One, Cameron McGeehan played the full 90 minutes on Saturday as Portsmouth claimed a 2-0 victory at Tranmere Rovers. But the Fratton Park outfit saw their fine run of form ended by play-off rivals Coventry City on Tuesday evening, with McGeehan again featuring for the duration in a 1-0 defeat.
Dropping down into the third tier and Victor Adeboyejo was up against two Reds’ teammates when he faced Newport County and Scunthorpe United.
The striker received a standing ovation from the travelling Cambridge United supporters when he was replaced in the 81st minute in a 1-0 win over the Exiles. Jordan Green was unable to prevent his side from slipping to defeat, despite playing the full game.
And on Tuesday evening, Adeboyejo was up against George Miller’s Iron side with both coming from the bench after the interval as Cambridge secured a 2-0 win at Glanford Park.
Prior to that, Miller had featured as a late substitute in a 1-0 victory over Cheltenham Town, while Green featured for 77 minutes as Newport drew 0-0 with Walsall in midweek.
In the Vanarama National League, Chris Sang was named as Guiseley AFC’s Man of the Match as the Lions suffered a 2-1 defeat against AFC Telford.
Jake Greatorex made his Matlock Town debut on Wednesday evening in a 2-1 victory over Worksop Town in the Integro League Cup quarter-final, after joining on a 28-day loan.
Finally, north of the border, Toby Sibbick didn’t feature for Heart of Midlothian as Daniel Stendel’s side beat Falkirk 1-0 in the Scottish Cup fifth round before being thumped 5-0 by champions and table-toppers Celtic in midweek.


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Tornado Alley is a nickname given to an area in the southern plains of the central United States that consistently experiences a high frequency of tornadoes each year. Tornadoes in this region typically happen in late spring and occasionally the early fall.
What months do the most tornadoes occur in Tornado Alley?
In this area, known as Tornado Alley, storms are caused when dry cold air moving south from Canada meets warm moist air traveling north from the Gulf of Mexico. Tornadoes can form at any time of year, but most occur in the spring and summer months along with thunderstorms.
What time of year do most tornadoes occur?
Tornado season usually refers to the time of year the U.S. sees the most tornadoes. The peak “tornado season” for the southern Plains (e.g., Texas, Oklahoma, and Kansas) is from May into early June. On the Gulf coast, it is earlier in the spring.
What is Tornado Alley season?
TORNADO SEASON PEAK IS HERE
Tornado season is referred to as the period in which tornadoes are most common, and it usually lasts from March through June across the favorable region for their development in the United States, known as Tornado Alley.
Where is the most dangerous place to be during a tornado?
A car is one of the worst places to be during a tornado. During a tornado, objects are lofted in the air and then circulate within and around the tornado at high speeds. This flying debris is what typically results in injuries, which is why you need to protect yourself during a tornado.
What’s the worst tornado in history?
The deadliest tornado in world history was the Daulatpur–Saturia tornado in Bangladesh on April 26, 1989, which killed approximately 1,300 people.
What city has the most tornadoes?
Which United States city has been hit by the most tornadoes as of 2018? The answer is Oklahoma City, says Brent McRoberts of Texas A&M University. “Oklahoma City is almost in a class by itself when it comes to tornado activity,” he explains.
Is a highway overpass a good place to hide from a tornado?
The reality is: an overpass may be one of the worst places to seek shelter from a tornado. An overpass as tornado shelter can put people at a greater risk of being killed or seriously injured by flying debris from the powerful tornado winds. Wind speeds in tornadoes can exceed 200 mph.
What are the stages of a tornado?
The four stages of a tornado include: the organization stage, mature stage, shrinking stage and decaying stage. These stages begin because of atmospheric conditions during a thunderstorm. A tornado begins in the organization stage, when it forms through a series of updrafts among cold and warm air systems.
Is OK in Tornado Alley?
Although the official boundaries of Tornado Alley are not clearly defined, its core extends from northern Texas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, Kansas, Nebraska, Iowa along with South Dakota. Minnesota, Wisconsin, Illinois, Indiana, and western Ohio are sometimes included in Tornado Alley.
What state has the most tornadoes?
The top 10 worst states for tornadoes
- Texas had the most tornadoes in 2019, reporting 188 tornadoes. …
- Oklahoma is another hard-hit state, with 99 reported tornadoes in 2019. …
- Missouri had 98 tornadoes in 2019, nearly beating the state record of 102 in a single year, set in 2006.
What state has the most tornadoes 2021?
Here are the 10 states with the highest numbers of tornadoes: Texas (155) Kansas (96) Florida (66)
Tornado Alley States 2021.
|State||Average Annual Number of Tornadoes||2021 Pop.|


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The Magical Turkey Tail
The turkey tail mushroom is a forest fungus that grows on downed trees. Turkey tail actually refers to a number of fungus species in the Trametes genus, notably Trametes versicolor, and they can be found in forests around the globe. These mushrooms have been used in traditional medicine for millennia. In traditional Chinese medicine, the turkey tail is known as yun zhi (雲芝) or “cloud mushroom.” Used primarily as a tonic, it is said to be cooling while gently eliminating dampness, making it therapeutic for the spleen, lung and liver meridians. As a tonic, turkey tail replenishes the qi and is also believed to regulate immune functions. Many of the traditional uses are now supported by both in vitro and in vivo studies.
As with any medicine, most of the peer-reviewed research describing the medicinal properties of the turkey tail mushroom has been conducted in laboratories using test tubes, mice and other non-human animals. In vitro studies have shown that turkey tail mushrooms are a natural source of antioxidants, stimulating the release of protective compounds, reducing inflammation, and generally promoting immune health. However, the turkey tail is unique because of the considerable quantity of research based on human clinical trials that has been done. Much of this research now proves that this mushroom is an invaluable medicine for many ailments.
Dozens of human clinical trials using extracts of turkey tail mushroom have demonstrated that, above all, this fungus is extremely useful as an immunotherapeutic medicine during cancer treatment. Many of the studies have focused on the use of polysaccharopeptide (PSP), a peptide-containing polysaccharide that is isolated from turkey tail mushrooms. PSP is so effective in immunotherapy that it has been used in routine clinical practice in both Japan and China for over four decades. PSP is immunomodulatory, has powerful anti-tumor properties, and ameliorates the adverse effects of chemotherapy. It is also effective at improving the quality of life of those being treated for hepatitis and other chronic diseases.
Thousands of patients in dozens of trials have provided strong evidence that turkey tail mushrooms can improve the likelihood of survival of cancer patients while improving their quality of life. Laboratory studies have also shown promise for the use of turkey tail mushroom extracts in treating Alzheimer’s disease, in ameliorating insulin resistance, and even in preventing fatiuge. Laboratory research has also demonstrated that the little forest mushroom exhibits bactericidal activity against pathogenic bacteria! With more research, we can better understand the many other healing properties of the turkey tail mushroom. But for the time being, we are at the very least assured that this magical little mushroom is a lifesaver for those undergoing the severity of many cancer treatments.
Chang, Y et al. “Preclinical and clinical studies of Coriolus versicolor polysaccharopeptide as an immunotherapeutic in China.” Discovery Medicine. Vol. 23, 127 (2017): 207-219.
Eliza, WL et al. “Efficacy of Yun Zhi (Coriolus versicolor) on survival in cancer patients: systematic review and meta-analysis.” Recent Patents on Inflammation & Allergy Drug Discovery. Vol. 6, 1. (2012): 78-87.
Ho, Chun-Sheng et al. “Effect of Coriolus versicolor Mycelia Extract on Exercise Performance and Physical Fatigue in Mice.” International journal of medical sciences. Vol. 14, 11 1110-1117. 4 Sep. 2017, doi:10.7150/ijms.20547
Janjušević, Ljiljana et al. “The lignicolous fungus Trametes versicolor (L.) Lloyd (1920): a promising natural source of antiradical and AChE inhibitory agents.” Journal of enzyme inhibition and medicinal chemistry. Vol. 32, 1 (2017): 355-362. doi:10.1080/14756366.2016.1252759
Knežević, Aleksandar et al. “Antigenotoxic Effect of Trametes spp. Extracts against DNA Damage on Human Peripheral White Blood Cells.” The Scientific World Journal. Vol. 2015 (2015): 146378. doi:10.1155/2015/146378
Matijašević, Danka et al. “The Antibacterial Activity of Coriolus versicolor Methanol Extract and Its Effect on Ultrastructural Changes of Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella Enteritidis.” Frontiers in Microbiology. Vol. 7 1226. 4 Aug. 2016, doi:10.3389/fmicb.2016.01226
Oba, K. et al. “Efficacy of adjuvant immunochemotherapy with polysaccharide K for patients with curative resections of gastric cancer.” Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy. Vol. 56, 6 (2007): 905-11. Epub 2006 Nov 15.
Pallav, K. et al. “Effects of polysaccharopeptide from Trametes versicolor and amoxicillin on the gut microbiome of healthy volunteers: a randomized clinical trial.” Gut Microbes. Vol. 1, 5(4). (2014): 458-67. doi: 10.4161/gmic.29558. Epub 2014 Jul 9.
Song Z.H. et al. “Clinical study of PSP on chronic hepatitis B.” Guangxi Medical Journal. Vol. 22. (2000): 1424-25.
Torkelson, Carolyn J et al. “Phase 1 Clinical Trial of Trametes versicolor in Women with Breast Cancer.” ISRN Oncology. Vol. 2012 (2012): 251632. doi:10.5402/2012/251632
Xian, XM et al. “Coriolus versicolor aqueous extract ameliorates insulin resistance with PI3K/Akt and p38 MAPK signaling pathways involved in diabetic skeletal muscle.” Phytotherapy Research. Vol. 32, 3. (2018): 551-560. doi: 10.1002/ptr.6007.

domain: health


text:
If you haven't had a chance to check it out yet, here's a peek down Below.
And also... another one there down at the bottom.
What It Is:.
From the makers of Xixi Bistro (among others) and the SNAP parties, comes Below, a low-key cocktail lounge that doubles as a secret-ish nightclub. In the space formerly occupied by Tour in the United Valley lifestyle hub on Changle Lu and Shaanxi, the ground level floor of Below is the cocktail lounge.
They've got bar and lounge seating for around 20 or so and are serving a tight menu of classics for 70rmb (Negroni, Old Fashion, Mojitos, Martinis, you get the idea). It's a nice spot, and refreshingly straightforward for a cocktail lounge in Shanghai. Just the classics served in an environment that isn't overly self-important. Pretty rare these days actually.
But the real action is "Below", the downstairs area of the club, which is a one-room DJ booth and dance floor completely decked out in white, with accent lighting cycling through the spectrum of Bladerunner neon blues, pinks, reds, and greens.
It's definitely unique. Gotta give them that. It's an interesting gimmick. Below is just one room -- a basement storage room, really. There's a bit of lounge seating along the walls, but it's oriented towards DJ booth and dance floor. It's got a super low ceiling --- I'm 195cms and I had to tilt my head down -- and can only fit under 20 people or so. Every party's gonna be so exclusive.
Fitting it into the scene of Shanghai underground dance clubs, the crowd that enjoyed the now shuttered Arcade lounge might find life here. They've already had in a few of their old regulars in to play music. The STD DJs and The Uhhhh of the Ice Cream Truck appear poised for regular spots Below. Generally, maybe, people who might find themselves flipping between Elevator and Arkham but are aging out of it a bit and looking for less involved nights out, Below might be the answer.
The cocktails are nice and the prices aren't bad. We love a good gimmick and anything that at least tries to bring something new to the table in the clubbing world. So sure, a tiny, one-room club under a cocktail bar -- why not. Given the scene background of the people running it as well, we can see it shaping up to be a nice little hang-out spot for scene kids.
Hey it'll never look empty...

domain: entertainment


text:
Okay so this is very personal but I am just curious if I am the only one out there with this problem. Ever since I was 4 or 5 I have had an overly sexual imagination. That is before I even knew what sex was! I am constantly thinking about sexual things and it is very annoying.
It can be over whelming, especially if manic, I get thoughts I don’t even want and normally have no interest in
It makes me exhausted at times just because I am fighting it so much
I think schizophrenia shows up much earlier than they say, it is just there in a more suttle form when young
No your not the only one.
Had huge problems with thus and still do
Ran with some people that did see it as a good thing and over sexual views actions and worse become the normal for us.
Still dealing with it. That’s the short story the long one is possibly triggering and more like horror
some nuerosurgeon psychologist did a case study on that… he calls it the phallic stage in development everyone basically goes through; basically he states children around age 3/5… develop sexual feelings towards the opposite sex parent and try to chase the other away so they can stay with - in your case, so you can stay with you father… lol
but then again, he also says the only way people get cured from schizophrenia is when they go home to their parents and live a normal family life with them… but I’ll prove it’s not the only way… and very soon
By normal family life ; he meant going to family gatherings events… going out together etc - basically stuff you probably use to do when a child. Aside from that, he says there’s no other way
No I never had sexual thoughts about my father thank goodness.
No thoughts of family here either
was more of an intense attraction towards … point of view… a.k.a always wanting to be around your dad and never liking when your mom is around
No it wasn’t like that at all. I loved hanging out with both of my parents
yea… everyone in class had the same feeling
Yeah, when I asked my Dad about it, he said the men in our family have a high libido.
I think it has to do with OCD maybe
I don’t have OCD, I don’t Have OCD, I don’t have OCD
I always wondered if other people experienced this as well (no attraction towards parent). Since I was 2-3ish I was already hypersexual (Caught doing things from that age on until I learned to be in better control). Its hard to even talk about this because it makes everyone so uncomfortable generally. All I could think of was sex once I found a book at church explaining it for kids. Almost had sex at 10… The hypersexuality has lasted well into adulthood, though with periods of no desire at all.
I’ve read one study that pointed out that this is one of the earliest possible symptoms of Bipolar and Sz in toddlers. One of the reasons its overlooked is because people immediately assume the child is being sexually abused, and the belief that Sz/bipolar symptoms don’t manifest until way later.
For ref, I’m female.
I had issues with ahem touching myself until I got married. That is so interesting that it is linked with bp and sz. I must have had this illness all my life. I was close to having sex with my neighbor when I was 9.
I had the same issues, get you in a lot of trouble, but I was also a super hyper kid
I seriously thought I was the only one with this problem.
Heres some articles you may find interesting/helpful.
^ Last link mentions schizophrenia

domain: psychology


text:
Gov. Gavin Newsom created a national firestorm as San Francisco mayor in 2004 when he ordered the city to issue same-sex marriage licenses. He had survived a sex scandal as mayor of San Francisco, served eight years in the unglamorous job of lieutenant governor and weathered claims that he was too ambitious, too slickly handsome and too patrician-seeming — a supposed son of privilege whose bid for power was greased by his father’s big-money connections.
As governor, he has guided California through the coronavirus pandemic while also dealing with a series of other crises, including unprecedented wildfires, the racial uprising over George Floyd and a worsening drought.
How Newsom went from rising star to fighting for his political life
How Gavin Newsom made his fortune (2018)
Inside the decision to lock down California
Newsom faces his biggest challenge after a swift rise
Newsom takes California on its own COVID path
Newsom’s communication over COVID mandates brings questions
What the French laundry debacle really means
Newsom as vaccine game show host
Newsom and the changing bar for reopening California
Newsom ties political fortunes to vaccine rollout
Newsom, French Laundry and a powerful lobbyist
Newsom and the likability factor
Grading Gavin Newsom’s governorship
Newsom’s defeat and an environmental nightmare
The case against Newsom
Newsom, the recall and democracy
Newsom recall and the view from Washington
Conservative talk show host Larry Elder has emerged as the Republican front-runner in the race to replace Newsom if California voters recall the governor. He has been a fixture on conservative media for decades, appearing on KABC radio and, more recently, Fox News.
Elder grew up in South Los Angeles in a challenging childhood he has recounted in books. His extreme views and what critics say is an embrace of misinformation have made him a highly controversial candidate, and he’s come under attack by Democrats as well as some Republicans. His views on issues like abortion, taxation and COVID safety seemingly put him at odds with many California voters.
Larry Elder’s views cost him listeners and even his best friend. But he won’t waver
Larry knows best: The sage of South Central (1998)
What does Larry Elder’s talk radio commentary tell us about how he would lead California?
Larry Elder and his relationship with Donald Trump
Elder’s ex-fiancee becomes his biggest critic
Larry Elder breached charity. But his own charity failed
Questions about Elder’s financial disclosures
Larry Elder vs. the press
Larry Elder is the most Latino candidate ever
Larry Elder is the Black face of white supremacy
Elder and the end of California progressive politics?
Larry Elder and Donald Trump
Is Larry Elder a gift to Democrats?
Elder and Newsom: A special relationship
Too bad you can’t believe Larry Elder


In April, when Somali pirates captured the MV Maersk Alabama and kidnapped the captain of the ship for four days, the news shocked many. While earlier reports of piracy may have made the news, they did not capture the public’s attention in the same way that this incident did. The fact is that piracy is not just a legend from days long past, but is a dangerous trend that is actually on the upswing and for the past few years. Read the following facts to discover what you might not know about modern-day pirates.
Weapons used. Many modern day pirates have heavy-duty firepower, including automatic weapons, mortars, and rocket-propelled grenades. Pirates are also often equipped with cell phones and other tech gadgets to keep in contact with organizers who feed them information about ships and their locations. Many pirates’ weapons are specialized to their geographic location, with the most dangerous usually being in the South China Sea and Somalia.
Geographic occurrences. With the recent news about the pirate capture off Somalia, it may appear to some that modern pirates are isolated to this geographic area, but most currently, West Africa is the emerging market for modern day pirates.While the political upheaval in Somalia does provide an ideal, lawless hideout for pirates, the fact is pirates are often found in many places around the globe. Some areas most frequented by pirates include the Red Sea, the Indian Ocean, and the waters of Indonesia and Singapore.
Read Complete Article Here By Megan Jones: http://www.criminaljusticeusa.com/blog/2009/10-shocking-facts-about-modern-day-pirates/


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We demonstrate biochemically and by mass spectrometry that histone variants H3.2/H3.3 are glutathionylated on their cysteine residue 110. This study will boost the realization of practical applications using low-loss and efficient subwavelength all-dielectric nanoantennas. Patient isolation aims at reducing the risk of infection transmission to other patients and the hospital personnel. Developmental changes of enzymes associated with energy metabolism and the synthesis of some neurotransmitters in discrete areas of human neocortex. Both of these patients developed a significant hypotensive episode with initiation of continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration with immediate resolution on discontinuation. Congruence coefficients were computed among the twelve factors resulting from the current analysis, and the eight factors extracted in an earlier study.
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Serotyping of Mycobacterium tuberculosis with the aid of niacin reaction Combined anterior lumbar interbody fusion and instrumented posterolateral fusion for degenerative lumbar scoliosis: indication and surgical outcomes. Novel RNA-binding activity of MYF5 enhances Ccnd1/Cyclin D1 mRNA translation during myogenesis. In both patients a meningioma of the optic nerve sheath could be diagnosed only after various attempts using all the imaging techniques mentioned above.
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There was not an increased carotid subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with RA, beyond the effects of classical RF. Since BoHV-1 recombinants are obtained at high frequency in experimentally coinfected cattle, the consequences of recombination on the virulence of gE-negative BoHV-1 were investigated. Abstracts from the ACNP (American College of Neuropsychopharmacology) 45th Annual Meeting. Comparisons of the CNBr and tryptic cleavage products demonstrate that the three major collagenous fragments are composed of three unique polypeptides.
Electron spin-echo studies of relaxation processes in high-spin ferrimyoglobin. A histological, immunohistochemical, and electron microscopic study. Motivational enhancement therapy with and without cognitive behaviour therapy for Type 1 diabetes: economic evaluation from a randomized controlled trial. When fluid secretion by the pancreas was mechanically blocked, amylase where to buy viagra secretion into the duct ceased.
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Histology and morphology are virtually indistinguishable from small cell neuroendocrine carcinomas of the lung (SCNCL), mandating a search for a primary site elsewhere in the body. Laboratory work up revealed severe hypokalemia, mixed metabolic and respiratory acidosis, and renal impairment. Cotrimoxazole preventive therapy (CPT) is recommended for all human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-exposed infants to avoid opportunistic infections. Low doses of 15d-PGJ2 induce osteoblast activity in a PPAR-gamma independent manner. Retinoids produce rod-selective apoptotic cell death during normal rod differentiation.

domain: medical


Who is June Sarpong dating? June Sarpong boyfriend, husband
June Sarpong news, gossip, photos of June Sarpong, biography, June Sarpong boyfriend list Relationship history. June Sarpong relationship list. June. sam sarpong mtv star kim lee model actress actor supermodel music dating . Click here to visit our frequently asked questions about HTML5 video. Dec 5, Presenter June Sarpong has released a book called Diversify. Here is the My brother was the one you went to if you had problems. "I rack my.
The programme sees two teams of footballers' wives and girlfriends compete against each other to run their own clothes' shops - the group that makes the most money wins. Wags are not known for their high IQs, but June feels protective towards them. Having said that, they do come out with some great one-liners. Is that in this country? They're everything you want from Wags. I think they show up more on black skin.
Loads of women get them but there's no way to get rid of them. I think if more men had stretch marks, there would be a cure by now.5 Questions to ask before getting in a serious relationship
I laugh but it was painful. I did a good job to hide it on TV but in the flesh it wasn't good.
June Sarpong: Our generation is confused by work-life balance - Telegraph
I had a nutritionist, I went to a dermatologist. I spent lots of money but it didn't work.
Then I finally found this facialist and she did bespoke facials on me and now it's all gone. Many women out there have been made to feel unneccessarily insecure, because men like curves.
I think most men would choose J.
Lo over a size 0 model any day. She admits she is in a relationship but she refuses to talk about him. When I'm married, I shall say 'here he is'.
June Sarpong: 'I'm not backing EU 'In' campaign to attract the 'youth vote'. You must be joking'
For me, it makes sense to be with someone who's not in this business. It's nice to have something else to talk about at the end of the day. Like us on Facebook.
Of course that uncertainty is making people question how our country is run. The Britain Stronger in Europe team, including June Sarpong and Baroness Brady Aside from the serious content of this debate, I also know it's going to be really important how we actually conduct this referendum campaign. But to my friends who have warned me about a possible repeat from the so-called 'cyber-sceps' who want to see Britain leave Europe, I say: If people want to talk about my gender, my looks, my age, my clothes or whatever - instead of the real issues during this campaign - then it's clear they've already lost the argument.
- Shattered After The Death Of Her Brother!
- June Sarpong
None of these superficial attacks would be lobbed at a man. Or a country that shuts itself off and retreats into its shell? This referendum is about the future of Britain and who we are as a country.
Should we be outward looking and part of something bigger than just ourselves? The US has a population of more than million, but this is dwarfed in comparison to the billion plus of both India and China.
And there are new wave territories to watch too, such as Mongolia and parts of Latin America; even Africa is on the rise.
The global power paradigm is seeing a serious shift, and in the next 50 years Europe could see its leadership role in the world reduced. So I do not believe this moment in history is the time for the UK to go it alone.


text:
The Narendra Modi government might have flexed its muscles on Pakistan High Commissioner’s scheduled meeting with Hurriyat leaders, but it has been a common practice for the Kashmiri separatists to meet leaders and officials from Pakistan at least twice a year.
Even during the previous BJP-led NDA government — under Atal Bihari Vajpayee — at least 12 such meetings were recorded to have taken place, The Indian Express has learnt. All these meetings were well-publicised, and the Indian government made its displeasure known to the Pakistan government each time.
A former Indian diplomat, on condition of anonymity, said that the Kashmiri separatists have been meeting Pakistani leaders and officials since 1999.
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Pakistan diplomatic sources confirmed that the Hurriyat leaders have been invited every year for the Pakistan National Day reception on March 23 at the High Commission lawns in Chanakyapuri. These National Day receptions, in fact, have been attended by a minister from the Indian government, apart from senior Indian officials from the Ministry of External Affairs and political leaders.
Apart from meetings at these receptions, sources listed some other instances:
In February 2001, three senior separatist leaders — Mirwaiz Umar Farooq, Yasin Malik and Abdul Gani Lone — met then Pakistan high commissioner Ashraf Jehangir Qazi and discussed their proposed visit to Islamabad as a sequel to peace initiatives launched by the two nations.
In September 2002, a Hurriyat delegation led by Abdul Gani Bhat visited the Pakistan High Commission to “seek its assistance” in arranging a meeting with Pakistan’s Kashmir Committee head Sardar Abdul Qayyum.
n In December 2002, senior Hurriyat leaders attended Iftar party by then Pakistan High Commissioner. They discussed how to finetune the Hurriyat response to the government’s offer of talks.
Former foreign secretary Salman Haider said, “The separatists have lost their strength, and Pakistan’s influence is zero. So, the substantive harm by Hurriyat leaders calling on the Pakistan High Commissioner is marginal… but intentions are unfriendly.”


December 27, 2016 | Volunteers of America Northern California & Northern Nevada
The Dealynne Street Project to renovate a 12-unit apartment building in Sacramento continues to move towards final completion. Last week, four previously homeless veterans and their families joyfully moved into new apartments just in time for the holidays.
November 11, 2016 | NHF PRESS RELEASE
National Homebuyers Fund, Inc. (NHF) joined a vast array of public and private contributors to celebrate the ramp up of a joint veterans housing renovation project in Sacramento County earlier today.


text:
Best-selling author John Shors is a master storyteller. A novel of mercy, love, and renewal in a time of war, Beside a Burning Sea is hailed as "a magical read" (Publishers Weekly). During World War II, the hospital ship Benevolence is providing relief to victims in the South Pacific when she is torpedoed and sunk. Among the survivors are a troubled nurse named Annie and the wounded Japanese soldier named Akira who saves her life.More
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domain: literature


text:
Jamaican medical care standards vary across the country, with only comprehensive medical services located in Kingston and Montego Bay. Other than in major cities, medical facilities are often under-resourced, and services as well as availability of prescription drugs can be very limited. Serious medical problems requiring hospitalization and/or medical evacuation (to the United States) can be very expensive. Doctors and hospitals in Jamaica often require cash payment prior to providing services.
A comprehensive travel medical insurance, including emergency evacuation, is strongly advised for all travelers to Jamaica.
Tap water in tourist areas is normally chlorinated and considered safe to drink. Outside those areas bottled water is recommended.
Jamaica has one of the highest murder rates of all countries in the world.
Most of the violent crime happens in Kingston and Spanish Town as well as Montego Bay.
Majority of the cases do not involve tourists and happen away from the tourist areas but there has been a significant number of travelers who became victims of robberies, scams, crime and sometimes sexual assault.
Tourists should take all necessary precautions, always pay extra attention to their surroundings when traveling, and keep windows up and doors locked while in a vehicle. Avoid carrying a lot of cash and keep the rest of it together with other valuables and documents in a hotel safe. Try to avoid walking at night in Kingston and downtown Montego Bay, avoid secluded places or situations, go out in groups and watch out for each other. Keep hotel doors and windows securely locked at night - some travelers have experienced security issues even at tourist resorts.


text:
In 1957, Kent MacKenzie met a group of Native Americans who had left their reservations and were now living in downtown Los Angeles. Through their friendship and a series of interviews, MacKenzie eventually generated a feature-length film about their lives, The Exiles, an unidealized, holistic depiction of a marginalized group of people lost somewhere between home and a promised, idealized land. Nearly sixty years later, unconsciously replicating MacKenzie’s approach, half-Italian, half-American director Jonas Carpignano has created the smart and beautifully shot Mediterranea, a movie that fictionalizes the experiences of African migrants in Rosarno, in the southern Italian region of Calabria. After surviving the harrowing journey from Burkina Faso to Algiers to Libya and then across the Mediterranean Sea in a makeshift boat (during which several fellow passengers drown), Ayiva (Koudous Seihon) struggles to adjust to the cold weather while sleeping in a shack, finding work picking oranges, staying connected with his daughter back at home, and balancing the desires of his friend Abas (Alassane Sy).
Mediterranea, which premiered at this year’s Cannes Critics’ Week in May, has drawn extra attention recently because of the ongoing Syrian refugee crisis. However, as Carpignano is quick to point out, the migrants’ situation isn’t anything new: people from all over Africa and the Middle East have been settling in Italy for years, and, over the past two decades, at least 20,000 lives have been lost in attempts to cross over to Europe by boat. In 2014 alone, over 4,000 migrants died at sea; prior to a border crackdown in 2012, continents were also crossed via Turkey and Greece. Seeking financial opportunity and/or political asylum—Eritreans, for instance, are conscripted into military service without end by their government—these migrants have primarily settled in southern cities like Lampedusa. The riots Mediterranea depicts occurred in Rosarno in 2010, the same year that Muammar Gaddafi demanded the European Union pay Libya 5 billion euros a year—or else he’d “turn Europe black” by not cracking down on migrant routes inside his borders. (Gaddafi had signed a “Treaty of Friendship, Partnership and Cooperation” with Italian Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi in 2008, which netted him 5 billion of racial protection money.) As the film also shows, these routes are dangerous in and of themselves: the group Ayiva travels with in the beginning is held at gunpoint in the Libyan desert by bandits. Carpignano shot these scenes, for safety’s sake, in southern Morocco.
Despite these punishing social, economic, and governmental forces shaping migration, Carpignano’s film is ultimately a hopeful one. At heart an ensemble piece, Mediterranea earnestly depicts the bonds that are forged across generations and borders: aside from his friendship with Abas, Ayiva buys and sells hot electronics with Pio, a fast-talking eleven-year-old Romani boy who smokes, shares beers with Nigerian prostitutes (one of whom declares that Rihanna is her sister), and dines with his Italian boss, who is impressed by his determination to survive in Rosarno. The film was made almost exclusively with non-actors, many of whom had undergone similar journeys. Koudous Seihon, Mediterranea’s lead, came to Italy from Burkina Faso by foot and a boat he was asked to helm, and, over the course of working on the movie, became Carpignano’s housemate.
The fluidity of Carpignano’s approach is no doubt influenced by his unique upbringing: the director grew up in Rome and the Bronx, son of an Italian father and an African-American mother. After studying film at Wesleyan and New York University, he went on to serve as second assistant director for the 2012 hit Beasts of the Southern Wild and directed five shorts of his own. He has lived in southern Italy since traveling there to shoot the short, A Chjana, that Mediterranea grew out of, and recently won the Gotham Independent Film Award for Breakthrough Director. I spoke with Carpignano on a rainy afternoon in New York following this honor, and our conversation ran the gambit from EU asylum rules to hip hop—even though he was a little disappointed that I don’t speak Italian.
—Violet Lucca for Guernica
Guernica: Can you talk a little bit about the development of the film, and how you met Koudous?
Jonas Carpignano: I originally went to Rosarno to do research for a film about the riot that had happened there in 2010. I went down to do research immediately. And then, when I went back down there in 2011 to actually shoot the film, after spending a year writing, I wanted to find the cast. I knew I wanted people who had actually lived there and participated in the riot. I didn’t want to bring down trained actors of African descent from Rome or Milan. I wanted people who had actually been on the ground and lived those experiences, more of a neorealist vibe. There was a protest on the one-year anniversary of the riot, where there were people who had participated in it reliving what had happened and saying to the town: “Hey, this is what happened to us. Let’s not forget.” So I said to myself, There’ll be like 600 people who all participated in the riot in the center of Rosarno, this is the perfect time to cast. We’ll get extras, I’ll find the lead.
When I rolled up to the protest, the first person I saw was Koudous. He was standing in front of the march with a megaphone in his hand, speaking like five different languages. He was literally parading people through the town, and then organizing them onto buses to the capital of the region, which is fifty kilometers south. In this whole group of people, he was by far the most charismatic. So I thought to myself, If that guy can bring that charisma, we won. That’s the guy we want. When I went to ask him to be in the short [A Chjana], he said, “No, man, can’t you see that I’m busy? Now’s not a good time for me to do a television interview.” He really didn’t know what we were talking about. He just thought [we were] more guys coming down from Rome with cameras, and there had been tons of those.
It’s a good thing that he said no, because as a result of convincing him, we became very, very good friends. Over the course of a week and a half, him coming over to where we were staying, intensely talking about what I wanted to do, we bonded and realized that we could be friends outside of a work relationship. And then our relationship got even stronger as we were making the short film. Almost immediately we decided that we had to make a feature, we had to do something longer together. As he was telling me his life story, I realized that we should base it around his experiences. After the short film was done, he sent me down to Burkina Faso to spend time with his family and to retrace his footsteps, and I used all of that to write the film. A year passed; the short film went to Venice, it had some success, and we felt like it was a good time to get this feature rolling. We decided to get a house together so that we could be working on it full time, [and we] got a little development deal with a German company.
So, I can’t say that back in 2011, when I went down there, that I knew I was going to be living there forever. It wasn’t a decision [like], “Okay, I’m going to move to Gioia Tauro, this place inspires me, I’m going to live in Rosarno my whole life.” I let life pick me up and drag me. And it wasn’t like Koudous and I said, “Oh, we’re going to become best friends and live together and become brothers.” It evolved organically over the course of five years. The obstacles we overcame brought us closer together. I went to Burkina Faso two other times, spent time with his family. We just got even closer because we were tackling this film together. Now we’ve found our home.
Guernica: And how is that going?
Over the course of living with Koudous, we got past the point of it being about him sharing stories about his life; it was past the point of me going to see his family. It was not a relationship where “I need your story to finish the film,” but [one where] we’re just friends. Because the film stopped and started so many times, there were periods when we weren’t living together to work on the film, we were just living together. At the time, that was the worst thing in the world: “Oh, my God. We’re not making this film. Have we been wasting all of this time and energy on this? What’s the deal?” In hindsight, that’s what made the film. We got to know each other much more intimately than in an actor/director relationship. It allowed us to have more intimate knowledge of each other, and helped shape the performance in the film.
Just being roommates, I know what his eyes are like when he’s mad about something. [In] fighting about cleaning the fridge, or just the little things in life, I was able to start to read him, and to know how to elicit those emotions. These nuanced understandings of his emotions definitely enriched his performance in the film.
Guernica: In every account of the 2010 riots in Rosarno, there’s always mention of how the mafia was involved in the exploitation of migrant labor, and that the migrants were rebelling against them. You don’t include the mafia in your film at all, and instead show the townsfolk’s hostile reactions to the migrants. Can you talk about why you made that choice?
Jonas Carpignano: Here’s the thing: we all know the way Italian newspapers are, but instead of getting into a discourse about what’s wrong with the news media in Italy, [I’ll say that] the fundamental problem I had with the way that things were being covered is that it put the entire riot into a context defined by Western values and Western ideas of the way society functions. That frustrated me, because the whole reason I wanted to make the film was to acknowledge that there’s another perspective on this continent, in this country, that is not ours. People [in the media] were saying that the immigrants will save us from the mafia, because they’re the only ones who have the courage to battle against them. They saw the immigrants’ actions through Italian eyes, and that’s the exact thing we were trying to avoid when making this film. At first you think: “Okay, I’m going to make a movie about the intersection between immigrants and the mafia. That’s sexy, that’s fundable, people want to see that.” But the fact is that no one down there is thinking like that. I’ve been living in Rosarno for five years. Ask anyone who participated in the riot—I spoke to the guys who smashed the first car, the first guys to pull the tires off and light them on fire to block the road—they didn’t have the mafia in their mind in any way.
For me, the purpose of Mediterranea was to give the real perspective of these migrants who had come over, people who were my friends. It was important to let our individual contexts bleed away and focus on what’s important to them. It was about not devaluing the perspective of Ayiva/Koudous by injecting what I see of the world into his story. Because if it’s not important to him, then it shouldn’t be important to the movie.
The riots were about the living conditions and people being constantly pushed out of the center of the town. But the actual catalyst, what actually sparked the riots in the moment, was the alleged shooting of two African immigrants. Like in the film, people heard that immigrants had been shot in the streets, as if [for] sport. And everyone decided to start this riot and erupt. In fact, they weren’t killed, they were shot and injured by air guns. There was more violence then toward immigrants than there is now. The scene [when Ayiva and Abas first walk toward Rosarno], with the car swerving past them at night to scare them—[this was] happening regularly.
Even if it’s just a little thing, something like a song, there’s still that sort of common language, that common denominator that we can all relate to.
Guernica: Part of what makes Mediterranea interesting is that it captures that discourse between Italy and America, Italy and Africa, and then, with pop music, a larger sense of the African diaspora. One of the most poignant moments in the film is when Ayiva’s daughter plays Rihanna’s “We Found Love” over Skype. How did you approach incorporating all of that?
Jonas Carpignano: That’s something that people take out of the film when they’re looking for it. It came through that same decision I was talking about before, which is to be faithful to someone who’s living in that world. The diaspora, the more globalized communities that we have, is a reality of our everyday. I definitely wanted to highlight that with pop music, because to me the biggest mistake would’ve been to have a soundtrack with African drums going. Or, like, the calabrese tarantella playing the whole time. Because that would ignore the globalization, not just of the world but of culture. I think that’s the most fundamental change that we’re experiencing. I don’t want to make it sound as if there are no problems in southern Italy, but the steps that have been taken in the past five years, like the massive sensitizing campaign done in many schools, are because there’s a more common language between people. Fifty years ago, someone from Burkina Faso rolling up to Calabria would have nothing in common with anyone there. Even if it’s just a little thing, something like a song, there’s still that sort of common language, that common denominator that we can all relate to, that I think starts to dissolve the boundaries that we put up. That was also the goal for me in making the film: to have it be one of those things, so everyone can see it, really see something of themselves, and have it dissolve boundaries in the place where they’re living.
Guernica: The film comes at a fitting moment: there are so many more people being displaced now by the ongoing war.
Jonas Carpignano: We made this very specific film, and everyone’s like, It’s very, very timely, and it’s true—but for us it’s not really the most timely thing in the world. The refugee crisis is separate from the immigrant crisis. But I think the film, by being very specific to one person’s experience and bleeding out context, sort of letting it be in the background, has [arrived at a] universality that allows it to be appreciated as a refugee story. People are seeing this tension between the locals, they’re seeing the disoriented nature of coming over to a new country. People are [seeing] it in Hungary, Germany, all the northern countries as well, and they’re able to identify with it. I think that’s one of the benefits of being specific—it helps it become universal. Had we been a little more broad and made it more about the Italian context, I feel like it would’ve been an Italian story as opposed to the story of a migrant coming through. So that universality has made me very happy.
Guernica: On the subject of the Italian context, would you say that migrants arriving in, say, Milan versus Lampedusa have a different experience?
Jonas Carpignano: I don’t spend much time in the north so I don’t really know, but Milan’s a place which, in some way, shape, or form [hides] where people are from, because everyone blends into the city. That’s sort of what’s beautiful about a city. So a lot of those confrontations are less drastic and violent because there’s no threat to the social structure of the city, in a way. Even though there’s a huge wave of people coming in, no one knows if you’re staying or going. When you have a small town where all of a sudden there’s 3,000 black people living in a neighborhood where there were never black people before, that’s a more dramatic change. I’m not sure how much the people in the north are acknowledging that this is a permanent phenomenon, that it is going to change the social fabric. In the south that’s something we’re forced to do. We have to come to terms with the fact that there will be a black presence in Calabria, probably forever. And it hasn’t happened yet, but we’re probably not far away from having black Calabrians. That’s what keeps things regional: the effects of something like this on a small town can never be compared to what it is like in a city because of its transitional nature.
Guernica: There are a lot of rules that are not just specific to Italy but dictated by the EU by which you’re required to declare asylum status in the country that you land in. A lot of Africans don’t get their fingerprints taken when they arrive, and the police aren’t forcing them into doing it. They’re trying to have this flexibility of maybe moving on to more skilled labor in other countries. What does this look like in Calabria?
Jonas Carpignano: There’s a heavy African population where we live in Calabria, but it’s never been a place where lots of barci [boats] are arriving, because Sicily’s first—there’s a lot of land to hit before us. About two years ago, this container ship headed to Gioia Tauro picked up this boat, so all these people came. And you know, we did the best we could. People set up a refugee place in this old industrial zone: tents, food, water, the whole thing, just trying to help everyone come in. They were mainly Eritreans, like 300 people altogether. But we didn’t have any kind of infrastructure to really regulate this thing, so in an arc of five hours, all but six just ran away because they didn’t want to be registered in the Italian system. They wanted to keep going north. So literally for a week we would be driving around seeing groups of people who had no idea what to do on the side of the road. Can you imagine? They had no idea where they were, or even which way north was. We were picking them up and taking them to Rosarno, helping them get something to eat, taking them to the trains, buying them tickets… I remember Koudous was really involved in this, and would go out looking for people. It was just a free for all. It was a crazy eight days.
Sicilians, Calabrians, Neapolitans—there were real differences between them, and then all of a sudden they’re all living in the US, and then they’re all Italians.
Guernica: As the film shows, people from all over Africa use the same routes to get to Italy, and then coalesce into communities wherever they arrive. Does Pan-Africanism exist in these communities? Is there a “Pan-African” culture emerging there?
Jonas Carpignano: I think it’s incredible. What’s weird is that there’s a solidarity from being from the same continent, which I don’t necessarily think is felt while you’re on that continent, but all of a sudden people start to feel when they’re in Rosarno. So obviously there are some divisions where houses have only Burkina people in them, or only dudes from Mali in them, but that’s mostly because people come to find their friends and relatives. When you go to a bar, everyone’s in there, and there’s certainly cliques, groups, and crews. But Koudous, for example, has learned all his English from those Nigerian girls that you see in the film. They’re his best friends, and there’s a real, real bond between them as Africans. The borders have sort of dissolved because they find themselves in a similar position. It’s sort of like the position Italians were in in moving to the US at the turn of the last century. Sicilians, Calabrians, Neapolitans—there were real differences between them, and then all of a sudden they’re all living in the US, and then they’re all Italians.
Guernica: How are biracial people or people of African descent depicted in popular culture now as opposed to when you were growing up?
Jonas Carpignano: I know Rihanna’s from Barbados. But I bet you could ask people in Italy and they’d be like: “I don’t know if she’s American, I don’t know if she’s British,” because of this globalized culture that we have now. Pop stars exist in a different space, one not necessarily tied to a patriotism. So Rihanna is everyone’s. She doesn’t just belong to America, even though she’s a creation of America. It definitely wasn’t like that when I was growing up. Hip-hop music existed as this American thing. If you listened to it you were listening to an American subculture, whereas now you’re just listening to pop music that everyone shares. I think that’s big.
Guernica: That idea, where America doesn’t feel very distant, seems present when Ayiva’s boss tells him about how hard his grandfather’s experience was in the US, and how it has shaped his sympathy toward migrants. Ayiva’s experience with the boss’s family is really refreshing. There is even a scene where Ayiva looks lovingly at his boss’s daughter through a window, and there are no horrible repercussions.
Jonas Carpignano: A lot of that stuff comes from Koudous’s actual experience in this place. On the one hand, the boss isn’t a saint and won’t just give this guy the documents and say, “Hey, come live with my family!” He’s definitely taking advantage of immigrant labor to further his cause; that’s just a reality of what’s happening. But what’s more important is that he’s opening up a space for the boundaries between his daughter and this African man to disappear. He’s happy about his daughter’s curiosity, and their curiosity about each other. They have this pop culture thing they share, and that to me is the key to moving forward in this region.
I don’t think that anyone can see anything happening overnight. Letting there be some sort of communication between that culture that’s just arrived [and the one that already exists there]—if that’s going to happen, it’s going to happen in situations like this. The character of the boss’s daughter was the same in the short [as in the feature], because it’s something I see. Koudous loves children, so has a very good relationship with kids all over town. In the beginning, when we were living in our first house in Gioia Tauro, there were these kids who had never known African people, ever, and all of a sudden two were living next to them. These kids were at our house every single day. Koudous was no longer “that African dude,” he was Koudous. Those kids go to school, and they’re like, “No, not all Africans are fucking thieves.” Those kids actually have a personal relationship to an African man and can fight against stereotypes and prejudices. The more that happens, the better off things will be. And that’s happening.
Guernica: When Ayiva mentions to his uncle that he wants to bring his sister and daughter to Rosarno, he’s dismissed with a single line: “You know what type of work there is for women here.” Can you talk a little bit about how the limited female presence shapes these communities?
Jonas Carpignano: There are women, it’s just that Ayiva and his uncle don’t want to bring their family over to do what those women are doing. But I do think that’s something that will change once people start being able to bring their families over because they have stable work and housing. In general you find there’s a very masculine vibe. The women here are great, they’re my favorite fucking people. It’s funny, what I said about language before—a lot of these women [who are doing sex work] are Nigerian, and I’ve never met a woman who does that work who comes from Burkina Faso or Senegal or any francophone African country. So that in itself shapes the language, in a sense: every African dude knows how to speak openly in English because they are interfacing [with these women] all the time. Koudous, who before coming to Italy spent most of his time on the Ivory Coast, a little bit in Ghana, a little in Burkina Faso, now knows a lot about Nigerian culture; that’s one of those things that happens because of the makeup of the community.
Guernica: I’m wondering about how these migrants are going to integrate in a professional sense. For instance, in Italy there are certain types of government jobs that are basically only open to relatives of people who already have those jobs, or, more rarely, their friends.
Jonas Carpignano: When the Romani people came and settled in Gioia Tauro in the ’60s and the ’70s, they took over a neighborhood much like Africans are doing now that became like their “ghetto,” so to speak. Obviously, there are immense differences in Romani culture—there is more of a distrust of the outside and less willingness to integrate that stopped it from happening. There are almost no examples of Romani politicians now. The illiteracy rate is still very high, and they are still very much keeping themselves sectioned off from the rest of the community. I don’t think that’s going to happen with the African community. We are in the first generation, but we’re seeing a lot of people in the African community making efforts to study and to get more involved in these things. When I met Koudous for the first time, he was involved with the GGL, which is like a union, and other various movements.
That’s the sort of thing that makes me think that there might be a political future there. But there’s no way of knowing that yet, just as there’s no way of knowing how much of what happened to the Romani was self-imposed and how much was pushed on them. So we have to wait and see how the town is going to react to the emergence of this black culture. But already I can tell that there’s more osmosis culturally, meaning you see more kids in the town hanging out with African dudes, and being cool with it. So it’s happening, and there’s less of that with the Romani community. The next film I’m making is trying to explore what’s going to happen with the Romanian community and the African community. Is it possible for there to be some sort of bond or union there that helps them normalize their position in Gioia Tauro? I’m super curious.
Guernica: Would you say there’s a culinary crossover happening on some level?
Jonas Carpignano: One of the biggest dishes in Sicily is couscous, and there’s always been a North African influence on Italian culture, culinary culture there. I’ve been to Burkina Faso like four times and I haven’t seen a pasta place. I will tell you that if you come to my kitchen and watch Koudous cook, it is fucking crazy. It’s a mix of things he learned from Burkina Faso, what he’s seen in these Nigerian women’s houses, and straight Italian food, making a mess of it. We all just sit there watching him, like, “Holy shit!” Then he’ll feel us watching him, and turn around and say, “As long as it ends up in my stomach!”


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Looking for a reason to turn a new leaf?
This September, we're looking at our first batch of fall workshops, the opening for Imar Hutchins' solo show INHERITANCE and artist talk, a brand-new members only workshop, and an open studios day. Plus, we're welcoming our new fall semester resident artists!
🍂 Check out the full September newsletter here. 🍂


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UVU men's basketball: Big second half pushes Wolverines past Saint Mary
OREM — Utah Valley scored 57 second-half points and six Wolverines finished in double figures for the second straight game as UVU (10-10) defeated the University of Saint Mary, 98-72, Monday night in the UCCU Center.
The Wolverines’ big second half came on scorching 81-percent shooting from the field (21-26) leading to a season-high in points (98) and assists (26).
“I like the direction we’re headed. It’s taken us a long time to get a definition in roles and I think we still have a substantial way to go, but this is a team that’s headed in the right direction,” UVU coach Dick Hunsaker said.
“Saint Mary came with a lot of energy. They really played like a team that came in here 14-3. I thought we wore them down in the second half, played better position defense and were able to knock some balls loose and create some offense out of that.”
Geddes Robinson, who finished with a game-high 12 rebounds, also scored 15 points for his eighth double-double on the year. Ben Aird was the leading scorer for UVU, scoring a season-high 18 on 7-of-10 shooting and coming up with eight rebounds.
Holton Hunsaker scored 16 points to go along with a career-high nine assists and also swiped four steals.
Isiah Williams, who was named Great West Conference player of the Week earlier in the day, finished with 14 points, while Alfonzo Hubbard and Keith Thompson finished with 13 and 12, respectively, to round out UVU’s double-digit scorers.
Robinson had his double-double before halftime, scoring 12 points and securing 11 rebounds in the first twenty minutes.
UVU kicks off the GWC season Saturday when North Dakota visits the UCCU Center. Tipoff is set for 7:05 p.m. The Wolverines — the defending conference champions —and UND — the defending conference tournament champions — were selected in the preseason to finish first and second, respectively, in the coaches preseason poll.
Clint Burgi is the assistant athletic director for sports information at Utah Valley University. For more information on Wolverine athletics, visit http://www.WolverineGreen.com
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1x1 (one times one) is a transatlantic folk duo formed of American singer-songwriter Jen Cook and British songwriter-producer Pete White.
“1x1” is a reference to the e.e. cummings poem if everything happens that can’t be done, the last line of which is “we’re wonderful one times one.” Their songs reflect themes of unity, nature, and personal discovery. Musical influences include the Civil Wars, Jack Johnson, and the Robert Plant and Alison Krauss album ‘Raising Sand’.
Jen and Pete are currently in the studio and will be releasing music throughout 2019.