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EGGS FOCUS OF OUTBREAK
What is Salmonella?
Salmonellosis is an infection caused by the bacteria Salmonella. Those infected with Salmonella develop diarrhea, fever, and abdominal cramps 12 to 72 hours after infection. The illness usually lasts 4 to 7 days. Most recover without treatment. However, in some the diarrhea may be so severe that hospitalization is required. Sometimes fatal infections occur in young children, frail or elderly people, and others with weakened immune systems. In these patients, the Salmonella infection may spread from the intestines to the blood stream, and then to other body sites and can cause death unless the person is treated promptly with antibiotics. The elderly, infants, and those with impaired immune systems are more likely to have a severe illness.
Salmonella is actually a group of bacteria that can cause diarrheal illness in humans. They are microscopic living creatures that pass from the feces of people or animals to other people or other animals. There are many different kinds of Salmonella bacteria. Salmonella serotype Typhimurium (typhoid fever) and Salmonella serotype Enteritidis are the most common in the United States. Salmonella germs have been known to cause illness for over 100 years. They were discovered by an American scientist named Salmon, for whom they are named.
Healthy persons infected with Salmonella often experience fever, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain. In rare circumstances, infection with Salmonella can result in the organism getting into the bloodstream and producing more severe illnesses such as arterial infections, endocarditis, or arthritis.
What Eggs Are Affected?
Eggs affected by this recall were distributed to grocery distribution centers, retail grocery stores and food service companies which service or are located in fourteen states, including the following: Arkansas, California, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, Texas, and Wisconsin. Eggs are distributed under the following brand names: Hillandale Farms, Sunny Farms, and Sunny Meadow in 6-egg cartons, dozen-egg cartons, 18-egg cartons, 30-egg package, and 5-dozen cases. Loose eggs are packaged under the following brand names: Wholesome Farms and West Creek in 15 and 30-dozen tray packs. The loose eggs may also be repackaged by customers.
The only eggs effected by this recall have plant numbers P1860 or P1663 and Julian dates as follows:
- P1860 – Julian dates ranging from 099 to 230
- P1663 – Julian dates ranging from 137 to 230
Only eggs with these plant numbers are effected – even though the brand name may be the same
How Do Eggs Become Infected?
Unlike eggborne salmonellosis of past decades, the current epidemic is due to intact and disinfected grade A eggs. Salmonella enteritidis silently infects the ovaries of healthy appearing hens and contaminates the eggs before the shells are formed.
Most types of Salmonella live in the intestinal tracts of animals and birds and are transmitted to humans by contaminated foods of animal origin. Stringent procedures for cleaning and inspecting eggs were implemented in the 1970s and have made salmonellosis caused by external fecal contamination of egg shells extremely rare. However, unlike egg-borne salmonellosis of past decades, the current epidemic is due to intact and disinfected grade A eggs. The reason for this is that Salmonella enteritidis silently infects the ovaries of healthy appearing hens and contaminates the eggs before the shells are formed.
Although most infected hens have been found in the northeastern United States, the infection also occurs in hens in other areas of the country. In the Northeast, approximately one in 10,000 eggs may be internally contaminated. In other parts of the United States, contaminated eggs appear less common. Only a small number of hens seem to be infected at any given time, and an infected hen can lay many normal eggs while only occasionally laying an egg contaminated with the Salmonella bacterium.
How Does One Reduce Risk?
Eggs, like meat, poultry, milk, and other foods, are safe when handled properly. Shell eggs are safest when stored in the refrigerator, individually and thoroughly cooked, and promptly consumed. The larger the number of Salmonella present in the egg, the more likely it is to cause illness. Keeping eggs adequately refrigerated prevents any Salmonella present in the eggs from growing to higher numbers, so eggs should be held refrigerated until they are needed. Cooking reduces the number of bacteria present in an egg; however, an egg with a runny yolk still poses a greater risk than a completely cooked egg. Undercooked egg whites and yolks have been associated with outbreaks of Salmonella enteritidis infections. Both should be consumed promptly and not be held in the temperature range of 40 to 140 for more than 2 hours.
Is There Treatment If Infected?
Nontyphoid Salmonella infection is generally self-limited. Treatment for enteritis or food poisoning is controversial. Some doctors recommend no antibiotics since the disease is self-limited, while others suggest using antibiotics such as ciprofloxacin for 10-14 days. A review of 12 clinical trials showed no significant change in the overall length of the illness or the related symptoms in otherwise healthy children and adults treated with a course of antibiotics for nontyphoid Salmonella disease. Antibiotics tend to increase adverse effects and prolong Salmonella detection in stools. Patients identified as immunosuppressed (for example, patients with AIDS or undergoing cancer chemotherapy) should receive antibiotics. Some investigators believe antibiotics prolong the carrier state. Antibiotics usually chosen to treat Salmonella infections are fluoroquinolones and third-generation cephalosporins (used in children because fluoroquinolones are not indicated for use in children). Resistance to these drugs is a potential problem for those individuals that become infected with Salmonella as drug treatment options become limited.
Clearly, common sense, attention to cleanliness, thorough cooking of eggs and general public health measures are the best protection from infection. Once infection occurs, prompt treatment with supportive measures and medications as medically indicated is essential. Careful attention to hand washing and personal hygiene is critical to reduce the risk of spreading infection to care givers and other family members . . . ben kazie md
No evidence that tainted eggs go beyond 2 farms – http://enews.earthlink.net/article/hea?guid=20100823/b67576dd-7b7d-4d05-a524-e98ac055c671
FDA: No evidence yet that millions of eggs tainted by salmonella extend beyond 2 Iowa farms – http://www.startribune.com/business/101287334.html?elr=KArks4OiP:DiiU1OiP:Dii_47cQiU47cQUU
Investigation Update: Multistate Outbreak of Human Salmonella Enteritidis Infections Associated with Shell Eggs – http://www.cdc.gov/salmonella/enteritidis/
CDC Investigation Announcement: Multistate Outbreaks of Human Salmonella Hartford and Salmonella Baildon Infections – http://www.cdc.gov/salmonella/baildon-hartford/index.html
Hillandale Farms of Iowa Conducts Nationwide Voluntary Recall of Shell Eggs Because of Possible Health Risk – http://www.fda.gov/Safety/Recalls/ucm223452.htm
Investigation Update: Multistate Outbreak of Human Typhoid Fever Infections Associated with Frozen Mamey Fruit Pulp – http://www.cdc.gov/salmonella/baildon-hartford/index.html
How can I tell if my eggs have been recalled? – http://www.fda.gov/Food/NewsEvents/WhatsNewinFood/ucm223536.htm
How are Salmonella infections treated? -http://www.medicinenet.com/salmonella/page3.htm#treated
Antibiotics for treating salmonella gut infections – http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10796610 (Sirinavin S, Garner P. Antibiotics for treating salmonella gut infections. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2000;CD001167)
Salmonellosis – http://www.cdc.gov/nczved/divisions/dfbmd/diseases/salmonellosis/
Salmonella enteritidis – http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dbmd/diseaseinfo/salment_g.htm
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October 29, 2018
Updated October 30, 2018
Occupy Democrats Parody
After several weeks of open and public calls by party leaders for incivility, Democrats suffered a backlash via effective Jobs not Mobs messaging that made their prospect for a big “Blue Wave” even less promising. And like any cornered animal, the “Party of Crime” as it’s becoming increasingly known, appears to be engaging in the most desperate of antics to turn their own reputation for violent antics against the opposition.
Whereas there are many unanswered questions about the first of what will likely be many big news stories in the coming week, we do know that the tribalist now branded the “MAGA-bomber” by Democrat media was one of two things. Either a Democrat operator playing his part in a production to gain sympathy for the very creeps calling for violence, or a genuine male stripper mental case with a criminal record that simply heeded Maxine Waters’, Eric Holder’s, Hillary Clinton’s, Nancy Pelosi’s and Tim Kaine’s public call for incivility!
It’s unfortunate that most Democrats and even a good percentage of more sensible Americans have been fooled by collectivist “guilt-by-association” notions that are as laughable as they are harmful. And of course the quality of “journalists” working at the party “news” organizations are quite accustomed to promoting and amplifying such irresponsible thinking whenever they believe it gives their party an edge.
Of course no tragic event will go unexploited by the liars of the left, and the recent Pittsburgh synagogue shooting is now being pinned on Trump and his supporters. Trump’s own son-in-law is Jewish, his daughter converted to Judaism, and now he’s the big “anti-semite” and not Obama who literally parades about with Farrakhan and Jeremiah Wright, both phony religious leaders that spew their own varieties of anti-Semitism. And even some rabid leftist Rabbis (and or some other sort of Jewish Leaders) are in on the action with an unvite in response to the President’s plan to personality participate in the memorial unless Trump participates in blame share with all “nationalists” that happen to be “white.”
Meanwhile the #DEMINFESTED #FBI is replaying their anti-“white” rhetoric and otherwise painting targets, not just on those “guilty” of wearing a Maga Hat, but any and all “whites” that don’t openly denounce their own every action along with any ancestors that might have been “oppressors” against nobody that’s alive today.
And that actually makes a lot of sense when you take into account the fact that the entire Democrat Party mission is to punish conservatives for current and a long history of bad deeds by Democrats. And if some of their own comrades get caught up in the suffering, they’re good with that “collateral damage.
Meanwhile, the liars keep lying.
©2018 Occupy Democrats Parody
One thought on “Democrats Exploit Collectivist Guilt-by-Imaginary-Association Rhetoric to Fuel Their Own Hate Machine”

domain: news


By Carly Guise
I hate Valentine’s Day. It’s the absolute worst.
There, I said it.
It’s not that I’m anti-romance or anti-love or anything. Love is great. Love makes the world go ‘round, or whatever the saying is. Love makes people happy and, the way I see it, the more people that we have happy in this world, the better off we’ll be.
I am anti-Valentine’s Day because I am against the idea that you have to treat your significant other special because Hallmark says you have to. If you truly care about someone, every day should be Valentine’s Day, but it shouldn’t have to be so costly.
By Taylor Resh
Students, parents and even some teachers seem to hate it. It can take an average of 13 percent of a student’s day. It’s the cause of fights, anxiety, stress, and a lack of physical activity.
It’s homework. And it’s unnecessary.
Homework tires students out which results in them not getting enough sleep for the next day of school. This sleeplessness also limits their physical activity resulting in students being unhealthy.
By Brianna Lehr
Junior Robert Lewis, senior Eric Baldwin, and senior Kayla Moore give their overall opinions of this year’s past election and the candidates.
By Ali Kochik
Social Media Editor
It’s no real secret that oppression still exists in today’s world. Races can be oppressed, genders can be oppressed, and religions can be oppressed as well. So is it fair to say that the Christian religion is being oppressed around the holiday season?
The entire idea of this perception of oppression, or “War on Christmas”, is a little absurd. People all over are outraged by what they deem to be “fired shots” at Christianity and, more specifically, Christmas itself.
One of the largest examples of the collective backlash surrounding this came from simply trying to acknowledge other holidays throughout the season. In December of 2015, Starbucks released a simple red cup instead of their traditionally Christmas themed cups.
The Leonid staff writes letters to the President-elect Donald Trump. The staff shares their hopes and wishes for his presidency. The letters cover all aspects of the election, from Trump's prior experience to his economic plans.
All the latest right here!


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Nabil grows a nice Basile tree on our fire escape. I really love to utilize it as much as possible.
Today I dared to build a pasta sauce from skratch. My friends, the Samarians, think that their family recipe is the Rolls Royce of pasta sauce. But mine was equivalent to a high end Toyota at least!
I build him with the finest and freshest mushroom, basile, oregano and garlix. I also use a blend of whole grain and standard grain noodle.
I just thought this was a nice photo to include for u. It’s funny what my camera wanted to show.
I call this shot “Pasta From the Depths.” Real sci-fi, ah? Food and sci-fi. two of my favorite item.

domain: food


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Combat Board Games is an essential part of any household. They help you get a good night's sleep, and they can often be used as digital tools to keep you organized. As a man, there are a few things you should consider before buying Combat Board Games. First, it's important to find that is comfortable for you too. Second, make sure the Combat Board Games has enough features to meet your needs. Finally, make sure the Combat Board Games is suitable for your daily life.
Best Combat Board Games have become a popular choice for many people. They can be helpful in providing a good experience, and they can also help you maintain a healthy environment. But which one is right for you? Here are some tips to help you make the right decision.
The Most Highly Reviewed Combat Board Games
Our Top 20 Best Combat Board Games Reviews & Buying Guide 2022
- Champions of Midgard is a strategy board game designed for 2-4 players ages 10 and up.
- Send your workers out to gather resources, recruit warriors, and consult the gods.
- Utilize your warriors to battle against fierce Trolls, epic Sea Monsters, and hordes of Draugr
- Compete with your opponents to gain the most glory, and become Jarl
- Winner of the Dice Tower Seal of Excellence.
- The World'S Greatest Armored Combat Game, Continuously In Publication For 35 Years
- 8 Newly Sculpted, High-Quality Miniatures; Fully Assembled, Ready-To-Play Out Of The Box.
- Contents Have Been Fully Re-Worked For The Modern Gamer
- Number Of Players: 2
- Bill Carter, Umberto Orisini, Maya Brent (Actors)
- For 2-5 Players
- RWBY: Combat Ready is a cooperative board game based on the RWBY series
- Face off against Roman Torchwick, Adam Taurus, or Cinder Fall!
- Choose premade scenarios to play, or customize your own with the 18 objectives included!
- Pick up where you left off the last time you played by playing a Campaign, keeping experience gained and progressing your story!
- Combat Commander:Pacific is a card-driven board game covering tactical infantry combat in the Pacific Theater of World War II. CC:Pacific's main theme is the addition of three new factions to the Combat Commander family:
- CC:Pacific is a stand alone game in the card-driven Combat Commander game series. While utilizing Combat Commander: Europe's basic rules, CC:Pacific includes numerous rule tweaks and additions in order to more accurately portray tactical warfare as experienced by the participants in and around the Pacific and Indian Oceans. This will slightly ramp up the complexity of the Combat Commander series while at the same time imparting a bit more depth and realism.
- Just a few of the additions include Banzai attacks, BARs and Thompson SMGs, Beach landings & river crossings, Hidden movement, Caves, Scouts, Aircraft, Bayonets, Mortar spotting and Reconnoitering.
- A game of Combat Commander is divided into several Time segments. There is no sequence of play to follow, however: each Time segment is divided into a variable number of Player Turns, each of which may consist of one or more Fate Card "Orders" conducted by the active player. Fate Card "Actions" may generally be conducted by either player at any time. "Events" and die roll "Triggers" — both good and bad will occur at random intervals to add a bit of chaos and uncertainty.
- Kleos is a lightly asymmetrical game of strategic combat and area control. It combines hex-based combat with your favorite card game elements for a dynamic experience. Join the contest as one of five Greek Olympian Gods - Ares, Artemis, Hermes, Athena, or Dionysus - each with their own unique champion and divine deck.
- Kleos features tactical card-play and action management. Play powerful blessings and curses to gain advantage. Summon Minions onto the board or use them as upgrades, serving as mounts or offerings to bolster their allies.
- Command your forces during the action phase. Manage Minion actions for combat, area control, and tactical advantage. Send your Minions to the Greek Isles to recruit epic heroes and monsters of legend, such as Medusa, Perseus, and Pegasus. Organize your forces wisely. Positioning is key to victory!
- Take the role of a Greek Olympian God, summon your champion, and compete for glory in the eyes of Zeus to be named the patron god of the rising Greek city-state, Kleos!
- 1-5 Players, 60-120 Minutes
- Tabletop arena skirmish game for 2 players
- Play Time: 60-120 minutes
- For ages: 14+
- Plastic miniatures supplied unpainted
- A SKIRMISH-SIZED WARFARE IN PURE HOLLYWOOD STYLE: Heroes of Normandie is an exciting, fast-paced head-to-head World War II strategy wargame inspired by Hollywood war movies.
- A MINIATURES GAME WITHOUT MINIATURES: Heroes of Normandie is a deeply strategic tactical scale board-game opposing two players and two armies, with the Germans on one side and the Americans on the other.
- TACTICAL STRATEGY BOARD GAME: Build a plan and execute it by queuing actions and programing. Secretly plan your attacks and outwit your opponent. Block the opposing strategy and surprise the enemies. Deploy your units and don't turn back!
- HIGHLY VARIABLE: Players use order tokens to determine initiative and to bluff. While a single six-sided die determines combat, action cards are played to spice things up.
- NUMBER OF PLAYERS AND AVERAGE PLAYTIME: This tactical combat game is made for 2 players and is suitable for ages 14 and older. Average playtime is approximately 30 to 60 minutes.
- Includes three sub-bosses that will pose new challenges for even the most advanced RWBY: combat ready players!
- Each sub-boss comes with 1 objective card and an 18 card deck representing their attacks and actions!
- All contents of this expansion fit perfectly into the RWBY: combat ready base game box
- Requires the RWBY: combat ready base game to play
- English (Publication Language)
- TRADE, BUILD AND SETTLE: Embark on a quest to settle the isle of Catan! Guide your settlers to victory by clever trading and cunning development. But beware! Someone might cut off your road or buy a monopoly. And you never know when the wily robber might steal some of your precious games!
- STRATEGY BOARD GAME: Use resource combinations - grain, wool, ore, brick and lumber - to buy handy development cards and build roads, settlements and cities. Acquire your resources through trades, cards or lucky dice (even outside your turn).
- MINUTES TO LEARN AND A LIFETIME TO EXPLORE: The basics of CATAN can be learned in just minutes, but it offers enough depth to remain compelling as you explore strategies and tactics for years to come. The random mix creates a different board virtually every game. No two games are the same.
- FUN FAMILY GAMES FOR GAME NIGHT: An international favorite, CATAN has been called the "Perfect Social Game". Check out our entire collection of CATAN board games for adults and kids to enjoy on family game night. Enjoy hours of fast-paced, interactive fun!
- NUMBER OF PLAYERS AND AVERAGE PLAYTIME: This fun family game is designed for 3 to 4 players and is suitable for ages 10 and older. Average playtime is approximately 60 minutes.
- SORRY GAMEPLAY WITH A DISNEY VILLAINS TWIST: This family game combines classic Sorry gameplay with a wickedly fun Disney Villains inspired gameboard, Spell cards, and Villain pawns
- INCLUDES 16 DISNEY VILLAINS PAWNS: Each player in this Sorry board game gets 4 Disney Villains pawns. They can move around the board as Ursula, Jafar, Scar, or Malificent
- KIDS GAME: Chase, race, bump and slide; it's so fun for players to say "sorry" to opponents as they bump them back, while they hustle their way to home base
- CHALLENGING AND EXCITING GAME: The Sorry Game Disney Villains Edition is a challenging game of strategy, chance, and luck. Moves are determined by the Spell cards drawn
- FUN FAMILY GAME: Bring the family together for some board game fun; The Disney Villains edition of the Sorry board game is a great choice for players ages 6 and up
- All the fun and excitement of election night.
- Win electoral votes and become President of the United States!
- Navigate Fake News, Celebrity Endorsements, Recounts, Swing States, and Russian Collusion.
- A fast-paced, unpredictable two-player card game that's easy to play.
- Short instructional videos are on this listing page.
- Amazon Kindle Edition
- Armas, Florian (Author)
- English (Publication Language)
- 411 Pages - 12/17/2021 (Publication Date)
- Play solo, cooperative or competitive with up to 4 players. Delve deeper and deeper into the catacombs to find the Ring and try to get out alive. Includes Standard (simple) or Advanced rules
- Battle classic monsters, goblins, trolls, skeletons and more. Can you defeat the fearsome Red Dragon who guards the exit? Find magical items and powerful weapons to upgrade your characters
- Collect spells, potions and armour. Use ranged weapons to fight from afar, or get up close with your trusty sword to defeat your foes. A randomly generated dungeon crawler - no two games are the same!
- Set up and start playing in 3 minutes. Lightning-fast combat - simple but rewarding. A broad appeal across different ages and experiences. Play male or female characters - elf, dwarf, human or healer
- A great family game introducing players to fantasy tabletop gaming. Small, lightweight and perfect for home, holiday or travel. Includes 11 additional Dragon Scroll quests
- Trusted by Families Worldwide - With over 50 million sold, ThinkFun is the world's leading manufacturer of brain games and mind challenging puzzles.
- Develops critical skills – Perfect for pre-readers and early readers, builds language and matching skills in preschool kids through fun, fast-paced play. Zingo is as popular in the classroom with teachers as it is in the home with families!
- What you get - This is the Amazon exclusive version of the world famous game Zingo, one of ThinkFun's best games for kids ages 4 and up, and it includes an extra Zingo card so that up to 7 players can play! Also includes a unique Zinger device that delights players of all ages.
- Clear instructions – Easy to learn with a clear, high quality instruction manual. You can start playing right away!
- Award winner - Zingo has won many awards including an Oppenheim Gold, Parents' Choice Award, ASTRA Best Toys for Kids Award, and is a three time Toy of the Year Nominee, which makes it a great gift for boys and girls ages 4 and up.
- F18 Jet Fighter Security Squad features:
- Real feel of flying Airplane in this Flight Simulator 3D
- Smooth Handling, Lifting and Driving Controls
- Thrill of flying Plane high in the Skies
- Real-time Physics Controls of flying F18 fighter jet
- The World’s First Dodgeball Card Game - Collect matching sets of cards faster than your opponents while simultaneously ducking, dodging and throwing squishy airborne burritos.
- A Game by Exploding Kittens - Creators of award-winning, hilarious and entertaining games that adults, teens and kids will all enjoy!
- A Simple and Easy Game for Kids and Adults - Clear some space and put away the antiques, because you've never played a party game quite like this. The cards you collect earn you points, but you lose points when you get hit by squishy burritos.
- Collect Cards. Play Your Hand. Throw Things at Your Friends - Look no further for picnic games, camping games or travel games that will get you launching burritos at your friends and family.
- English (Publication Language)
- ANSWER TRIVIA FROM THE HIT PODCAST: Prove you know your stuff by answering trivia questions inspired by episodes of the hugely popular podcast Stuff You Should Know
- INCLUDES 600 TRIVIA QUESTIONS: Get ready for weird, fascinating, and unbelievable trivia. Each question is inspired by topics from different episodes of the Stuff You Should Know podcast.
- FEATURES 6 FASCINATING CATEGORIES: History; Pop Culture; Myths, Legends, and Conspiracies; Science and Tech; Humans; and SYSK Selects, a mix of topics hand-picked by podcast hosts, Josh and Chuck
- GAME FOR 3-6 PLAYERS: If you're a fan of the Stuff You Should Know podcast or just curious about the world, this trivia game's for you. Get ready for fun facts about food to flies, to hiccups and more
- BOARD GAME FOR ADULTS AND TEENS: This Trivial Pursuit: Stuff You Should Know Edition Game is great for teens and adults ages 16 and up
- UNO is the classic family card game that's easy to learn and so much fun to play!
- In a race to deplete your hand, match one of your cards with the current card shown on top of the deck by either color or number.
- Strategize to defeat your competition with special action cards like Skips, Reverses, Draw Twos and color-changing Wild cards.
- When you're down to one card, don't forget to shout "UNO!"
- This fun family card game is perfect for adults, teens and kids 7 years old and up.
- QUICK GAME OF SMART QUESTIONS - Divide yourselves up in teams, or play one on one, ask up to 10 questions to guess the animal on the Game Card! Is it a carnivore? Is it a domestic animal? Does it live in groups? Think hard, ask intelligent questions and the be the first player to win 7 Game Cards!
- STRATEGIZE YOUR WAY TO VICTORY - Make use of exciting features such as Clue Cards and Bonus Questions to plan your way to winning 7 cards.
- AWARD WINNING FUN FOR THE FAMILY - Winner Of The 2022 National Parenting Product Awards (NAPPA) and the 2022 Parents' Picks Awards. This is the most exciting game you’ll find for Family Game Night that can be thoroughly enjoyed by all ages 6 and up!
- PERFECT GIFT - Makes the perfect gift for boys, girls, parents, adults, friends, families as well as any board game or card game lover.
- PLAY IT ANY TIME ANY PLACE - Includes 50 Game Cards, 6 Clue Cards and a handy box to store it all. The box size is portable & travel friendly. Your child can become an instant champion by playing at game nights, gatherings, birthday parties, play dates, road trips, plane trips, outdoors, and more!
Thing to Consider Before When Buying Combat Board Games
If getting the Combat Board Games is what you aim for, just the reviews will not be sufficient. To properly scrutinize the offering, you would also need to keep a couple of essential factors in mind. And the factors that we are referring to here are:
Build QualityThe first thing that you would need to consider is the build quality. Here, the better the build quality, the better the performance will be. Also, a better build also means a higher lifespan. In other words, the ones that feature the construction of high-quality materials will last for an extended amount of time.
Brand value:A popular brand always provides the best quality product. That's why when we want to select a product we must focus on reputed brands.
Feature and specification:We know one thing; everyone wants in products update feature and best specification. We are trying to make a list with higher Features and specifications for customer satisfaction.
Customer Ratings:The customer gives a rating after satisfaction. So customers rating is also the most important thing that we take into consideration while choosing the best products.
Customer Reviews:Ratings can be manipulated and we don't think this could be the only thing considered. To avoid mistakes, we consider going through real users reviews to select the best Brake pads for slotted rotors.
Value for money:
An expensive product may not be always good. Rather, it could be like wasting your money. We always keep this in mind and avoid over-priced Brake pads for slotted rotors products on the list.
we have collected all kinds of information from Amazon. Amazon is the most-trusted and perfect source for this.
Also, we are taking help from the Ai system because AI is helping us save time, still, we are human beings working behind the scene to ensure satisfaction for our readers.
The products aren't picked randomly. We research products and make the best product list following perfect criteria. So, you can purchase it with trust. Thank you.
This is why it's tough to declare a specific one as the best Combat Board Games. Still, the most well-balanced reputed product brand on this list. If the purpose is color printing, you can go for the Envy. Every product listed here is amazing, and getting any one of them will benefit you highly.

domain: hobby


+44 (0)1482 877500
Enertek’s development team are equipped to handle all aspects of product development and have a range of complementary skills and experience. Many of the team have worked within research and development departments of major manufacturers, whilst others are drawn from smaller companies or direct from academia.
Commissioning Enertek’s development services is employing the benefits and experience of the full team, not just an individual.
Development facilities are first class, incorporating automated computerised test rigs for conducting EC, US or AU Standard test work, complemented by manual test rigs for fundamental experimental and development work.
All instrumentation is calibrated and traceable to National Standards, and test work is carried out under Enertek’s EN17025 quality system.
If required, development engineers can work at our client’s premises. This is often a desirable option where our engineer is working as part of a client’s team.
Product development targets are usually specified in terms of meeting a known set of National or International Standards. In addition other requirements may apply, some of which are not specifically addressed by the Standards. Examples of this include:
Throughout the development process, client contact is maintained and regular project meetings are held to ensure that the deliverable is being provided in line with the agreed timescale and costs


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Bad news for fans of rebooted soap opera Dynasty (2017-current): James Mackay has quit his role as Steven Carrington after two seasons. This comes after Nathalie Kelley quit as Cristal in August and it seems they can agree on one thing: that they’re not pleased with things behind the scenes. James posted on Instagram that “there’s a lot of decisions involved in making television and sometimes they just don’t go your way and you have to live with it. So for now, all love and on we go. Hope you all enjoy the show”, while Nathalie took a cheap shot when she left, claiming in a televised interview that “I’ve got my life back!” following rumours of non-stop complications offscreen.
James Mackay is the latest star to quit the Dynasty reboot.


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Biking ‘Round the San Francisco Bay
One of the most spectacular urban bike rides in the nation is also one of the easiest.
In just a couple of hours of relaxed peddling, it’s possible to bike around San Francisco Bay, cross the famous Golden Gate Bridge, visit an old sailing ship, scale the ramparts of a Civil War fort, ride by marinas with million dollar yachts, have lunch at a seaside outdoor café in the Mediterranean-style village of Sausalito, and return to the city by ferry at sunset.
Getting a bike is no problem. Two competing companies, Bike and Roll (http://www.bikeandroll.com/androll.com/) and Blazing Saddles (http://www.blazingsaddles.com/), have several locations in the Fisherman’s Wharf area. Rental rates are $7-$8 an hour, or $27 for a full day. The bikes come with an easy lock, basket, flat repair tools, helmet and maps. They are heavy, sturdy, comfort bikes, perfect for the mostly flat terrain.
Most of the 8-mile trip to Sausalito is on off-street bike paths, but in the beginning, you’ll have to leave the rental locations and join the heavy Fisherman’s Wharf street traffic, dodging trolleys, pedestrians and cars as you make your way along the touristy waterfront toward the big three-masted sailing ship at the end of Hyde Street Pier.
The pier served as an auto ferry dock until the Golden Gate Bridge opened in 1937. Today, it is the San Francisco Maritime National Historical Park. The old dock is lined with a variety of sailing craft including the square-rigged Balclutha, a Scottish-built, 256-foot-long sailing ship that rounded Cape Horn 17 times. The iron-hulled, square- rigger carried grain and lumber to California and even had a staring role in the 1935 film version of Mutiny on the Bounty.
A museum across the street tells the story of the founding of San Francisco – perhaps the craziest place anyone has ever built a city. Forgot the fact that it’s on a geological fault and built on seven horrendously steep hills. When it was founded, there was also no fresh water and no timber on this exposed, windy peninsula that was often covered in fog.
But there was a well-protected port and when gold was discovered in California in 1849, the world rushed here, 750 boats arriving in the first year alone. By the 1870s, San Francisco’s docks were loaded with sailing ships like the Balclutha, carrying cargos to ports around the world.
Back on the bike, you leave the streets and enter a paved path along the water’s edge to Fort Mason, an army post that dates back to the Civil War and is now the headquarters for Golden Gate National Recreation Area. There’s an information center here and a steep hill to climb before you descend back to Marina Boulevard, with its bobbing boats and magnificent views of the bay.
A long, flat, paved bike trail continues along the water’s edge, passing through Crissy Field. This area was once dunes and tidal marshes; today it is part of a national recreation area and a great place for bird watching. You can see more than 200 species landing here, everything from Snow Egrets to Red-shouldered Hawks.
There are two information centers along the trail that have exhibits on Crissy Field’s important role in aviation. The army built a pioneer airfield here in 1919 to advance and test the military potential of airplanes. The First Transcontinental Endurance Test took off from this airstrip in 1919 with 61 planes trying to fly across the country. Only nine of the aircraft made it and nine pilots were killed in the attempt, one of them Major Dana Crissy, for whom the airfield was named.
The bike path continues along the bay with each turn offering more spectacular views of the bridge and the Marin headlands until the water-level trail finally ends beside a large, three-tiered brick fortress called Fort Point. Built in 1861 during the Civil War, the fort once boasted 126 cannon. None of them were ever fired and the fort was abandoned in 1900. Today, it is run by the National Park Service and offers Civil War exhibits and a chance to run up and down the stairways to the three levels of ramparts, all offering great views from the former gunports.
The fort has been used in many films and is perhaps most famous as the spot where Kim Novak jumped into the bay and was saved by Jimmy Stewart in Alfred Hitchcock’s Vertigo.
From the fort, there’s a steep climb on a road shared with cars (but with a safe bike lane) to the large parking lot beside the bridge.
At two miles long with a span of 4,200 feet, the Golden Gate Bridge was the longest suspension bridge in the world when it opened in 1937. The 746-foot high suspension towers were the tallest man-made structures west of New York.
Workers began painting the bridge 70 years ago and have never stopped. A team of 25 painters work continuously, painting it with 1,000 gallons of International Orange every week. As soon as they “finish” painting the bridge, they start all over again.
The bike trail picks up from the parking lots and travels under the bridge to the west side. There are two paths across the bridge: the east side is for pedestrians and offers view of San Francisco; the west side is for cyclists and has sweeping views of the rocky cliffs of the Marin headlands and the Pacific.
You can expect high winds on the bridge and the bike trail is narrow, with a steady stream of cars seemingly coming directly at you. Fortunately, there are many pull- offs where you can relax and enjoy the view. But don’t relax too much. The bridge is the favorite suicide spot in San Francisco. People who keep track of it recorded the one thousandth jumper in 1995. Amazingly, some people have survived the 220-foot plunge.
At the end of the bridge, you must join the road for the descent into Sausalito, but there are few cars and the winding road is almost all down hill, twisting and turning with a different view in every direction.
Sausalito feels like an Italian town on the Mediterranean. There are bike racks on every corner, so lock up the bike and explore. Princess Street is lined with art galleries and flowers. The Scrimshaw Gallery is worth a stop for its nautical prints. If you want to do a picnic lunch by the water, the Venice Gourmet Delicatessen has been family owned since 1964 and has great sandwiches and drinks, directly across the street from the best view of the bay.
Scoma’s Sausalito has offered the most famous seafood lunch spot for 35 years, but you can also grab an Anchor Steam with a view of Alcatraz and San Francisco at Horizons or The Spinnaker.
Most bikers just stop at Lappert’s Ice Cream (http://www.lapperts.com/) an institution in the area, before poking in the galleries and souvenir shops along Bridgeway Street.
The bike path continues through town, offering more ambitious bikers the chance to continue to Tiburon (another 8 miles) or on a mostly uphill route shared with cars to the famous Muir Woods National Monument, 10 miles away.
But the most popular choice is to hop on the Blue & Gold Fleet (http://www.blueandgoldfleet.com/) for a 20-minute, $9 ferry ride across the bay, back to Pier 39 in the heart of Fisherman’s Wharf. Each ferry can carry hundreds of bikes back, especially in the winter when the 4:30 p.m. departure offers a chance to cross the bay just as the sun sets behind Golden Gate Bridge. With sailboats flying by, Alcatraz off the port bow and all of the lights of San Francisco glimmering ahead, it’s a wonderful end to a day of biking on the bay.
You may not want a beer while biking, but back at Fisherman’s Wharf, you can grab a crab cocktail and Sierra Nevada or Anchor Steam (legal to drink on the street if you pour it in a plastic cup) and enjoy a walk among the seagulls, seals and sightseers.


|Publication number||US7840374 B2|
|Application number||US 10/599,284|
|Publication date||Nov 23, 2010|
|Filing date||Mar 19, 2005|
|Priority date||Apr 2, 2004|
|Also published as||DE102004017172A1, DE502005002833D1, EP1733183A1, EP1733183B1, US20080228441, WO2005098354A1|
|Publication number||10599284, 599284, PCT/2005/2960, PCT/EP/2005/002960, PCT/EP/2005/02960, PCT/EP/5/002960, PCT/EP/5/02960, PCT/EP2005/002960, PCT/EP2005/02960, PCT/EP2005002960, PCT/EP200502960, PCT/EP5/002960, PCT/EP5/02960, PCT/EP5002960, PCT/EP502960, US 7840374 B2, US 7840374B2, US-B2-7840374, US7840374 B2, US7840374B2|
|Inventors||Jan Bernd Lugtenburg|
|Original Assignee||Jan Bernd Lugtenburg|
|Export Citation||BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan|
|Patent Citations (14), Classifications (9), Legal Events (1)|
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet|
The invention relates to a method and to a device for measuring an object to be measured or measurement object, which has at least one reference structure for the definition of an object-fixed object coordinate system with the aid of a measuring system comprising at least one sensor system for recording a contour of the measurement object in a measurement coordinate system.
Such measuring systems are e.g. used for quality assurance purposes in the production of motor vehicle wheels. In connection with motor vehicle wheels high demands are made on the precision of the measuring method and measurement period within which the wheels are measured. The ever increasing quality demands with respect to vehicle wheels are inter alia based on the fact that influences on the dynamic behaviour of a vehicle chassis are increasingly determined by the characteristics of rotary elements such as e.g. a hub with an integrated brake disk or brake drum and/or the vehicle wheel and the tyre drawn onto the same. The significance of these influences is intensified by the use of light construction chassis made from light alloy and/or high strength steel alloys, because there is a continuous decrease in the weight proportion of the chassis in the unsprung weights, whereas there is an increase in the influences attributable to contour or weight variations of the rotating vehicle wheel and tyre.
In the case of lorries or trucks, in which for increasing the useful load considerable effort and expenditure has been made for reducing the vehicle wheel weight, ever lighter and therefore with respect to the shape stability ever more sensitive vehicle wheels are used. In addition, in view of rising speeds, in the case of trucks dynamic influences of the vehicle wheels increasingly affect the travel behaviour, which is consequently essentially determined by the accuracy of shape of the vehicle wheels. This more particularly applies with light transporters, which travel at speeds well over 160 km/h and consequently similar problems arise to those in cars.
In cars, which can be operated at even higher speeds and which are increasingly equipped with electronically controlled chassis, the demands made on the dynamic characteristics of the car wheel and the associated tyre also rise. Relevant shape variations with respect to the sought rotation similarity must be detected during car wheel production and if necessary eliminated. This has led in the past to significant reductions in tolerances on the car wheels. Typical concentricity and shape tolerances for a tyre seating on a car wheel are at present around 0.3 mm, position tolerances for a mounting hole are about 0.15 mm, whilst a hub bore or hole usable as a reference structure is tolerated with ranges between 0.02 and 0.05 mm. The maintaining of these tolerances in series production processes, particularly in the manufacture of cast light alloy wheels is at the limit of achievability with the presently used manufacturing equipment and the mechanical machining times to be respected for profitable manufacture (turning, drilling in light alloy wheels, rolling, deep drawing, pressing, welding, calibrating for steel wheels). This makes it necessary to inspect all or many wheels, because the process windows for individual method steps are small and spot checks do not lead to an adequate statistical reliability for a high quality production process.
A known measuring system for vehicle wheels is described in DE 38 36 540 C2, which describes a multipoint measuring device for measuring vehicle wheels, their rims and/or wheel dishes. The multipoint measuring device has a plurality of transducers, which are arranged around a central clamping unit. The central clamping unit is used for centering and measuring the central hole of the vehicle wheel and for initiating a rotation of the latter about a rotation axis in order to move the rim circumference passed the transducers for measurement purposes. The transducers are designed as positioning slide systems with computer-controlled positioning drives movable past the rotation axis of the clamping unit and sense the tyre seatings, bolt holes and other relevant features and therefore the contour of the vehicle wheel to be measured during the rotation thereof in a mechanical manner using gauge rolls. Thus, all relevant contours can be sensed or scanned by the central clamping unit by a rotation of the vehicle wheel. With respect to the multiplicity of shapes and sizes of vehicle wheels which are normally tested with such a measuring device, important precautions are necessary for the design of the central clamping unit and transducers and these affect the costs, precision and reliability of such a multipoint measuring device.
A fundamental problem of the invention is to provide a method and a device of the aforementioned type permitting in a simpler, more cost effective manner the measurement of measurement objects, particularly vehicle wheels. Another problem is to provide a measuring method and a measuring device suitable for the performance thereof permitting the rapid, high precision measurement of rotation-like or substantially rotation symmetrical measurement objects, such as e.g. vehicle wheels, independently of their dimensions. A particular aim is a near-production dimensional measurement of many or all functionally relevant dimensions at a speed adaptable to the manufacturing process. A further aim is a rapid resetting to different measurement object dimensions.
These problems are solved by a method according to claim 1 and a device suitable for performing the method according to claim 11. Advantageous further developments are given in the dependent claims. By reference the wording of all the claims is made into part of the content of the present description.
For performing the method, particularly using the device, the measurement object is positioned in a measurement position, which is in the coverage of the sensor system in order to permit an optionally complete recording of the measurement object contour. The measurement of the measurement object takes place in the measurement coordinate system. The establishment of the position of the object coordinate system of the measurement object by means of the reference structure is used for creating a reference between the measurement object contour to be determined and the object coordinate system of the measurement object. For contour determination purposes, contour data are determined by rotating the sensor system about a rotation axis relative to the measurement object and it is then possible to process the same in an evaluation unit whilst taking account of the object coordinate system position. The contour data can be transferred during and/or after measurement by means of a transformation from the measurement coordinate system into the object coordinate system, so that a quality evaluation can be carried out, particularly by comparison of the determined contour data with reference data filed in the evaluation unit.
In the case of the prior art measuring systems for vehicle wheels or other substantially rotationally symmetrical measurement objects, a rotation of the measurement object takes place with the sensor system stationary, which requires an acceleration and deceleration of the measurement object, which can have significant weight and dimension differences. Through the rotation of the sensor system in the inventive measuring device there is no need to move the measurement object in order to perform the measuring process. The weight and dimension of the measurement object do not influence the dynamics of the measuring process, because with the rotation of the sensor system a system with constant dynamic characteristics is moved. In a further development the measurement object rests during measurement, whereas the sensor system rotates about an axis enclosed by the measurement object circumference. There is also no problem of mechanically centering the measurement object by means of a generally very sensitive reference structure. As a result of the reference device provided for establishing the object coordinate system position, there is no need for an exact positioning of the measurement object relative to the measurement coordinate system, because the position and orientation of the object coordinate system are determined with the aid of the reference structure and can be related to the contour data determined by the measurement system in the measurement coordinate system. This makes it possible to virtually eliminate sources of error, such as dirt particles between the measurement object and a clamping device provided for centering purposes. For different measurement objects the reference structure can be differently dimensioned and/or designed, so that a determination of the reference structure requires a high flexibility of the equipment provided for this purpose. Resetting to other measurement object dimensions can be performed without adapting mechanical components, e.g. by modifying position parameters in a control.
According to a development of the invention, during the measurement, the measurement object is fixed by a centering device so that access to the reference structure is not impeded. The centering device permits an adequately precise and reliable positioning of the measurement object in the coverage range of the sensor system. The coverage range can also be called the “capture range”. Its spatial extension can differ as a function of the sensor system type used. The coverage range defines the spatial range within which a sensor system can adequately precisely record contour data of the measurement object. Fixing permits a reliable measurement of the measurement object contour, because external influences such as vibrations or other mechanical interference can at least partly be eliminated. Through fixing during measurement it is possible to prevent the measurement object being moved by external influences within the coverage range of the sensor system or even out of the same, so as to bring about a faulty measurement. Due to reference structure accessibility a low-error coverage or recording of the reference structure is ensured, because there can be a direct scanning of said reference structure, particularly in synchronous manner for recording contours.
According to a further development of the invention the measurement object is fixed in the measurement position in such a way that the reference structure is accessible for securing the position of the measurement object, which is rotation-like with respect to a measurement object axis, the reference structure is located within the outer contour of the measurement object in the vicinity of the measurement object axis and a centering device acts on the outer contour of the measurement object for centering the latter. By the application of the centering device to the outer contour of the measurement object, it is possible to ensure in simple manner that the reference structure arranged within the outer contour of the measurement object in the vicinity of its axis, is e.g. central with respect thereto, is freely accessible for the reference device and consequently determination of the object coordination system can take place relative to the measurement coordinate system. Such embodiments are e.g. suitable for the measurement of vehicle wheels, in which the central hole of the wheel or rim can be used as the reference structure.
According to a further development of the invention, a reference device scans the substantially freely accessible reference structure for securing the position of the object coordinate system. The measurement of the contour and position of the reference structure is easily possible due to the free accessibility. In an advantageous embodiment of the invention the reference structure is scanned or sensed in noncontacting manner. As a result of noncontacting scanning, which can be performed in particular optically, inductively and/or capacitively, it is virtually impossible for any influencing of the reference structure and/or a change to the measurement object position through the measurement process, which ensures a particularly precise reference structure scanning. A noncontacting scanning makes it possible to cover a large number of different reference structures and there is no risk of a mutual influencing between the reference device and sensor system, which could lead to imprecision in the measurement of the measurement object. In other embodiments there is a tactile scanning, e.g. with the aid of one or more feelers.
According to a further development of the invention, a reference device performs a mechanical orientation of the measurement object with the aid of the reference structure for securing the position of the object coordinate system. Thus, there can be a reliable orientation of the measurement object relative to the sensor system even under rough environmental conditions for measuring the measurement object by the measuring system, particularly with strong vibrations or a high level of dirtiness of the measurement environment. Thus, the measuring system can also be used in production environments in which the establishment of the position of the object coordinate system with the aid of the freely accessible reference structure is made more difficult, e.g. with extreme vibration loads or with a high dirtying risk for noncontacting reference devices.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention an in particular mechanical or noncontacting measurement of the reference structure is carried out by the reference device, so that besides the object coordinate system position it is also possible to make available information concerning the contour of the reference structure, e.g. its size, shape and/or shape variation compared with a desired or nominal shape.
According to another development of the invention, a shape and/or position variation of at least one measurement object surface portion oriented substantially orthogonally to a rotation axis of the sensor system and constructed on the measurement object is established by means of the sensor system and/or reference device compared with a desired shape or position. The measurement object surface portion can e.g. be provided for engagement on an object surface. This also permits the scanning of areas of a measurement object which are outside the substantially rotation-like contours of the measurement object, but which are still very important for a quality evaluation of the measurement object. The measurement surface portion can e.g. be a bearing surface of a vehicle wheel relative to a wheel hub.
According to a further development of the invention, through a marking device connected to the sensor system a marking is made on the measurement object. Thus, without additional method steps or devices, directly during the measurement of a measurement object or after determining the entire contour of said object, a marking can be made on said object, particularly at a characteristic measurement point. This marking, which e.g. with vehicle wheels designates a high or low point, can be used when the measurement object is employed for further process steps, particularly for correctly placing a tyre on the vehicle wheel.
According to a further development of the invention, the reference device is arranged in rotary manner and substantially coaxially to a rotation axis of the sensor system. Due to the substantially coaxial arrangement with respect to the rotation axis of the sensor system, the object coordinate system determined by the reference device can be easily used for establishing the measurement object contour. As a result of a rotary fitting of the reference device it is also possible with a simple sensor system, which e.g. only has a single sensor, to bring about an advantageous metrological resolution of the measurement object surface portions to be scanned or the reference structure along its entire circumference.
According to a further development of the invention the measurement system is integrated into a conveying device. Therefore, without any greater surface area consumption and without using complex handling equipment, such as robots or the like, the measurement system can be particularly integrated into a linear conveying system. This obviates additional handling of the measurement object for removal from the conveying device and positioning in the measurement system, which contributes to reducing the risk of damage to the measurement object. The measuring system is preferably adapted to the conveying device, so that the latter can convey the measurement object directly, i.e. without intermediate manipulations, to the measuring position and, after measurement, can convey it out of said position. A conveying section of the conveying device can in particular be guided over the measurement position, e.g. linearly in such a way that the measurement object is conveyed from one side to the measurement position and away from the latter on a facing side.
According to a further development of the invention, there are size detection means for a basic positioning of the sensor system and/or reference device. These can in particular be fitted to the conveying device independently of the measuring system. Thus, even on conveying in the measurement object, there can be a presetting of the sensor system and/or reference device, so that at the start of the actual measuring process no further extending adjustment is required. This makes it possible to reduce the measurement cycle time, which is particularly interesting in the mass production of measurement objects of different sizes.
Further advantages and features of the invention can be gathered from the following description of preferred embodiments and the attached drawings, wherein show:
The invention is described in greater detail hereinafter in exemplified manner with the aid of an embodiment of a measuring system in the form of a wheel measuring machine 1. Measuring system 1 is particularly intended for the measurement of measurement objects in the form of vehicle wheels 47 preferably manufactured as worked sheet steel parts or cast or forged parts from aluminium alloys, in a production environment. A complete measurement can take place of all contours to be scanned or sensed for ensuring a predetermined quality level. A cycle time necessary for performing the measurement can be predetermined, independently of the sizes of the individual wheels, in such a way that there is no impediment to a material flow of the vehicle wheels during production.
Measuring system 1 shown in
As shown in
In measuring system 1, coaxial to sensor system 2, is provided the reference device 13 shown in greater detail in
On measuring system 1 is also provided a centering device 8 constructed for centering the measurement object displaceable on conveying rollers 20 relative to sensor system 2 and reference device 13. Centering device 8 shown in greater detail in
The measurement object 47 diagrammatically shown in
In a minimum diameter area rim 48 has a rim bed 50, to which is connected in an in each case axial direction a rim hump 52, which forms a transition to a rim shoulder or flange 51 in which, after drawing on a tyre, a contact surface with the tyre is provided and which is terminated to the outside by a rim horn 53. On the inside of the rim bed 50 within the rim there is a wheel dish 49, which is provided with a central hole 55 made in axial direction 9 and bolt holes 54 concentrically distributed around the central hole. On fitting the vehicle wheel 47 central hole forms a positive connection with a portion of a not shown wheel receptacle in the form of a centering mandrel and consequently defines the rotation axis of vehicle wheel 47. Central hole 55 serves as a reference structure for defining the object-fixed object coordinate system 6, whose y-axis is defined by the central axis of the central hole. The central hole is surrounded by an annular portion of wheel dish 49, whose side facing the rim interior forms an interrupted measurement object surface portion 11 which, after fitting the wheel, is firmly braced on the outside of the wheel receptacle. This annular portion defines the x-y reference plane of the measurement object. The reference structure is used for determining the position of the bolt holes 54 and for determining the contour of rim 48, which can be determined by means of the inventive measurement system.
The measuring means used for determining the contour are diagrammatically shown in
The reference device 13 introduceable into an inner area of rim 48 for the noncontacting scanning of reference structure 9 and measurement object surface portion 11 is for this purpose displaceable along linear lift axis 36 and linear radial axis 37 and is also rotatable about rotation axis 7 relative to rim 48. The reference device is also implemented by measuring head 35 as a laser optic triangulation system, so that a completely noncontacting scanning of the contour of vehicle wheel 47 is ensured. Measuring head 35 simultaneously covers central hole 55, the position of bolt holes 54 and the annular bearing surface in wheel dish 49.
On the measuring system is also provided an optical bolt hole sensor 56 displaceable in radial direction 57 in order to permit an adaptation to different bolt hole circles. Bolt hole sensor 56 is adjustable axially to different wheel widths.
During the measuring process the vehicle wheel 47 is centred by fixing clamps 46 and rests above the not shown conveying device in order to be able to assume a clearly defined position relative to the measuring system. In the measuring situation shown in
For a measurement of a rotation-like measurement object which can be conveyed on conveying device 14 in a substantially linear movement along the guide rail 19 into measurement system 1, initially sensor system 2 and reference device 13 are each brought into a starting position. The starting position of sensor system 2 is defined by a maximum radial spacing of profile sensors 27A/27B relative to turntable 24, whilst the starting position of reference device 13 is determined by a maximum distance of measuring head 35 from turntable 24 of sensor system 2.
The centering slides 40 of centering device 8 are at a maximum distance from one another in the starting position and by approaching one another allow a centering of the measurement object. This centering takes place as soon as the measurement object has been conveyed by conveying device 14 from the entrance side towards the front in
As soon as the centering device has brought the measurement object into the coverage area of the measurement system and oriented the same sensor system 2 and reference device 13 can be moved from their starting position into a functioning position. In the functioning position profile sensors 27A/27B and measuring head 35 are so spaced relative to the measurement object that they can perform a noncontacting, optical contour recording of the measurement object without there being a risk of the measurement object passing out of their coverage range or mechanically colliding with the measurement object. By means of a not shown size determination means which can be located upstream of the measurement position, data can be made available for the presetting of sensor system 2 and reference device 13.
Profile sensors 27A and 27B provided on sensor system 2 are rotated about rotation axis 7 for recording the contours of the measurement object during the measurement process. Profile sensors 27A and 27B successively scan or sense the contour in scanning planes, which in each case pass radially through rotation axis 7. In a similar manner measuring head 35 records reference structure 9 on rotation about rotation axis 38. An angularly precise association of the associated scanning planes of profile sensor 27 and measuring head 35 is made possible by not shown angle sensors in each case coupled to said measuring devices and which are so matched to one another that identical angles are associated with identical angular positions relative to the measurement object. This permits a clear association of scanning planes of profile sensors 27A and 27B with scanning planes of measuring head 35. A synchronous movement of the two measuring systems is possible, but not necessary. As soon as the sensor system 2 has performed a complete rotation about rotation axis 7, a not shown evaluating device can perform or complete a contour determination of the measurement object on the basis of the determined contour data of sensor system 2, bolt hole sensor 56 and reference device 13. The result of the contour determination produces a data-based representation of the measurement object contour in the measurement coordinate system, which can be transformed into the object coordinate system by means of the determined object coordinate system position.
By comparison with presettable reference contours contained in the evaluating device an actual-desired variation can be established. If the actual contour of the measurement object is in a tolerance range of a reference contour, a maximum or minimum variation from the reference contour can be established, which can be important for a subsequent use of the measurement object. To define said maximum or minimum variation, a not shown marking device can be provided on sensor system 2 and/or reference device 13, which by following the measurement object contour up to the maximum or minimum variation point with respect to the position can carry out a corresponding marking, particularly by ink application, applying an external label or punch marking of the measurement object. The sensor system and reference device 13 are then again moved into their starting positions, the centering device 8 releases the fixing of the measurement object by means of centering slide 40 and the measurement object can be removed in a substantially linear movement from the measurement system 1 by drivable conveying rollers 20.
In this novel concept of a wheel measuring machine instead of the wheel being rotated, the measurement sensor system is rotated about the fixed wheel, which offers numerous important advantages compared with conventional wheel measuring systems.
During the measurement the wheel is stationary in the measurement device and is kept in the measurement position e.g. by the described 4-roll centering device, typically in engagement with the inner horn. As there is no measurement object rotation during measurement, the influence of the wheel weight and dimensions does not enter the dynamic behaviour of the measuring device or process.
No high precision demands are made on the centering device and the latter can have a relatively simple construction so that the centering process can be performed rapidly. Thus, the wheel only has to be positioned in the capture or coverage range of the sensors and during the measurement the wheel is fixed in order to eliminate the influence of vibrations and acoustic excitations in the production surroundings on the measuring process. The clamping forces of the centering device can be kept very small and are typically set in such a way that there is no deformation of the inner horn influencing the measurement.
The dynamic behaviour of the sensor system and therefore the measuring process is largely constant and substantially independent of the wheel dimensions. As the wheel dimensions do not influence the measurement, the measurement cycle time is largely independent of wheel dimensions and weights. The sensors require no free travel movement. During loading and unloading they are merely moved into a position which is outside the interference contour of the conveying movement.
The hub or central hole serving as the reference structure remains freely accessible throughout the measurement. The reference is not formed by mechanical bearing surfaces, but instead the sensors are directly measured on the bearing surface and in the hub hole or bore. This makes it possible to easily compensate an imprecise or inclined fixing.
Any type of sensor system (tactile or noncontacting, e.g. optical, inductive, capacitive) can be used both for the sensor system and for the reference device. The reference structure can be measured by a fixed multiposition measuring head or, as in the embodiment, by a rotary measuring unit.
The flatness of the hub bearing surface 11, which is an important criterion for the security of the fixing to the hub and for the lateral eccentricity quality, can be directly measured with the aid of the sensor system of the reference device. No separate measuring device is required, so that these important data can be established quasi as “waste product” of the reference measurement. By attaching further sensors to the sensor system 2 and/or reference device 13 it is possible to determine further contour features such as the wall thickness on the inner horn or in the wellbase by calculation with respect to the data of sensors 27A/27B or a brake calliper float by corresponding positioning of sensor 35. A connection geometry for a dust cap can also be established with the bolt hole sensor 56. As the reference is measured, no part is played by any contamination at the fixing of the wheel to the inner horn.
The entire range of practically occurring wheel sizes, e.g. diameter 13 to 24.5″, opening width 3.5 to 17″, hub bore diameter 52 to 281 mm and/or weight approx. 5 to approx. 70 kg is accessible exclusively through the setting of the sensors with positioning units solely through modifying the position parameters thereof. Mechanical adaptations or restructuring are unnecessary. The measurement system is the same for all wheel types. It is obviously also possible to measure dimensions outside the exemplified ranges given.
The concept of the measurement system permits an integration into already existing mechanical conveying, in that e.g. a conveyor belt or the like is usable for conveying the measuring object into the measurement position and following measurement for conveying it out of the measuring position. For the integration of the compact measuring device only a section of the conveying length of approximately one meter is required. The footprint of the measuring device is very small, so that even in almost completely utilized production areas the integration of process-near engineering technology is possible. Obviously the loading and unloading of the measuring device can also take place with pick and place systems or robot systems, which can engage on the wheels, e.g. in the wellbase or flat over the outer horn. Through the integration of match point marking on the sensor system there is no need for separate match point marking manipulators. Already existing setting or calibration masters can continue to be used. These exemplified characteristics show that within the scope of the invention concepts are possible offering maximum flexibility and function scope with respect to the measurement function and integration into the production environment.
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|JPH0639683A||Title not available|
|JPH10147417A||Title not available|
|JPS57137135A||Title not available|
|WO2001007866A1||Jul 10, 2000||Feb 1, 2001||Metronor Asa||System for scanning of the geometry of large objects|
|U.S. Classification||702/167, 702/166, 356/497, 356/602|
|International Classification||G01B5/20, G01B21/04, G01B21/20|


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Renowned chef, author, and humanitarian José Andrés has partnered with George Washington University to launch a groundbreaking initiative — the Global Food Institute.
Our food system has been in a free fall for the better part of the last century.
The mechanized slaughterhouse made its first appearance in the 1930s, paving the way for factory farming that dominates the food system today.
While millions of Americans stood in bread lines during the Great Depression, food scientists were hard at work developing some of the first mass-produced processed food products, many of which prevail today, including Kraft Macaroni and Cheese, Spam, Ritz Crackers, and Kool-Aid.
These advents were more than just novelty; they were progressing us to our modern food crisis where obesity, type-2 diabetes, heart disease, and disordered eating all run rampant all while factory farms house seven times the number of animals as there are humans on the planet.
The last century wasn’t just a food crisis of excess, though; more than 70 million people died of starvation in the 20th century. China, India, Bangladesh, Russia, and sub-Saharan Africa all saw widespread famines — in most cases, the results of political crises. But the natural disasters, such as the deadly twin droughts in India in the 1960s, offered a warning of what lay ahead as the climate crisis takes an increasingly destructive toll.
The Global Food Institute
While some parts of the food system have improved — food safety and access are better than ever — things have also gotten a lot worse, says Chef José Andrés, who just announced the Global Food Institute in partnership with George Washington University (GW)
“Our global food system is experiencing a crisis, brought on by systemic inequities, rampant hunger and poverty, the climate crisis, and deteriorating public health and nutrition,” Andrés said in a statement.
The new collaboration, situated in the heart of the nation’s capital and backed by the Rockefeller Foundation, aims to be a world leader in delivering solutions for food these system challenges. With the aim of influencing global policymakers, the Institute builds on Andrés’ long history of food justice and humanitarian work.
The Global Food Institute at GW will focus on transforming lives and improving the health of our planet at the same time — more than 30 percent of all human-caused greenhouse gas emissions are food related.
Andrés and GW say the Institute will adopt a unique and interdisciplinary systems approach across three key pillars: policy, innovation, and humanities. By uniting efforts in these areas, the Institute aims to produce “cutting-edge research,” as well as create and enhance domestic and global food policies, incubate innovative technologies and entrepreneurial efforts, and lead crucial conversations about the impact of food on humanity. Through these initiatives, the Global Food Institute says it will revolutionize our understanding of food and drive practical, evidence-based solutions.
More than a decade ago, GW and Andrés introduced the interdisciplinary course “The World on a Plate: How Food Shapes Civilization.” That partnership flourished, laying the foundation for the Global Food Institute.
“In the George Washington University’s third century, we are focused on accelerating the positive impact of our interdisciplinary scholarship on society, including through innovative partnerships with visionary leaders,” said GW President Mark S. Wrighton. “We are thrilled to establish in partnership with José Andrés the Global Food Institute — a center that will create new knowledge and shape national and international progress on food system issues.”
The Institute says it will bring together scholars from every school and college at GW, alongside renowned experts, industry leaders, policymakers, and individuals from various sectors. The collective focus will center on ways to tackle the most significant challenges within the food system, including food insecurity, health, and climate change, by delivering practical, evidence-based, and creative solutions.
But is it too late?
Just last week, the World Meteorological Organization predicted the planet will exceed the 1.5°C temperature rise threshold established by the Paris Agreement by 2027. And with that rise in temperature comes the increase in natural disasters, the likes of which are already being felt around the world.
The world’s leading scientific bodies and climate experts have been calling for improvements to the food system for years to tackle the climate crisis — specifically, the methane emissions generated by the livestock sector. But new research shows methane policies are lacking. A recent review published in the journal One Earth found only 13 percent of methane emissions are being regulated by global policies even though methane emissions are increasing faster than at “any time since the 1980s,” according to the report. Methane is 25 times more potent heat-trapping gas than CO2 — with more than 80 times the warming power over the first 20 years after it reaches the atmosphere.
Animal products are also widely linked to the global health crisis; they’re a leading cause of heart disease, obesity, and certain types of cancer (the World Health Organization classified processed meats as Group 1 human carcinogens in 2015). Yet earlier this month, the American Heart Association gave the green light to eight types of beef products including steak.
But it’s not just animal agriculture doing damage. Nitrogen fertilizer is also a key driver of planet-heating emissions, as are pesticides and herbicides. Their increased use over the last fifty years has been linked to a number of human health issues including cancer. And while very few studies have calculated the full life-cycle of pesticides and herbicides including the production, storage, shipment, application, and breakdown, to assess their environmental impact, their very nature is problematic; 99 percent of synthetic chemicals are derived from fossil fuels.
“Scientific evidence indicates that pesticides contribute significantly to greenhouse gas emissions while also making our agricultural systems more vulnerable to the effects of climate change,” says the Pesticide Action Network’s (PAN) 2022-2023 report entitled, Pesticides and Climate Change: A Vicious Cycle.
Despite the impact synthetic pesticides and herbicides have on the environment, PAN says reduction of these chemicals has been largely ignored in climate change solutions. In some cases, synthetic pesticides have been presented as part of a “climate change mitigation strategy” proposed by industrial agriculture interests.
As the world saw with Russia’s invasion of Ukraine more than a year ago, the global food system is extremely vulnerable to disruption. Both countries have been top producers of wheat, and experts feared the worst.
Joseph Glauber, a senior research fellow at the International Food Policy Research Institute, told NPR that following the invasion, “all of a sudden the concern was that you had both [countries] potentially being knocked out of the global market.” The timing of that invasion in February 2022, meant other countries had no time to adjust their production as planting is typically done in the fall.
Climate-caused natural disasters, like the bushfires that swept through Australia between 2019 and 2020, could also devastate harvests around the world overnight. Climate change is already impacting a number of crops, according to NASA.
“Climate change may affect the production of maize (corn) and wheat as early as 2030 under a high greenhouse gas emissions scenario,” a recent NASA study published in the journal, Nature Food, found. According to that research, maize crop yields are projected to decline 24 percent, while wheat could potentially see growth of about 17 percent. Coffee, chocolate, and wine grapes are also already seeing impacts as are fruits including bananas and mangos.
Andrés, though, remains hopeful. The chef has been twice named one of Time Magazine’s “100 Most Influential People,” for his humanitarian efforts including the World Central Kitchen, a nonprofit organization he founded in 2010. And the chef says the Global Food Institute will “reshape how we think about food, break down barriers across industries, politics, and nations, and inspire and empower the next generation to develop systemic solutions that reshape the food system.”
“[F]ood has the power to solve problems,” Andrés said. “It can rebuild lives and communities, heal both people and the planet and create hope for the future, but only if we think bigger.”
Related on Ethos:


On May 21st the Phoenix in Leicester is showing the film Arica – at 5.30pm (part of Great Big Green Month)
Arica is a documentary about a Swedish mining company who made a deal to dispose of toxic waste in Chile and the case that the community took to court to try and get justice. The toxic waste had a terrible impact on the health of the small community. This gripping film has been made by film makers Lars Edman and William Johansson.
Join us to watch Arica at the Phoenix cinema in Leicester on Saturday – after the film there is a Question and Answer session.
Global Justice Leicester & Leicestershire is taking a stall to the screening and will explain how Corporate Courts are being used to oppose climate protections. You can find information about Corporate Courts on the Global Justice Now website.


Media and Events Centre » Coronavirus (COVID-19)
As Coronavirus (COVID-19) continues to impact the global population, economy and the wine sector, the following page provides Australian Grape & Wine's latest updates for the sector and a range of useful links and resources.
Please know this situation is evolving rapidly and we are constantly monitoring the advice being provided by the Department of Health, the World Health Organisation and the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade. We will continue to adapt these resources as advice changes.
31 March 2020 - COVID-19 Update 31 March 2020
30 March 2020 - COVID-19 Update 30 March 2020
27 March 2020 - COVID-19 Update 27 March 2020
26 March 2020 - COVID-19 Update 26 March 2020
25 March 2020 - COVID-19 Update 25 March 2020
24 March 2020 - COVID-19 Update 24 March 2020
23 March 2020 - COVID-19 Update 23 March 2020
13 March 2020 - Media Release - Rabobank - Trade Wars and COVID-19
13 March 2020 – Australian Government announces stimulus package
12 March 2020 - COVID-19 Update 12 March 2020
18 February 2020 - COVID-19 Coronavirus - The Big Picture
Guidelines for Grape & Wine Businesses
Links and Resources
The Australian Government Department of Health has guidelines to protect yourself and others
The Australian Red Cross provides advice on managing distress, including looking after yourself and your family.
The Australian Government Department of Health also provides a daily update on its website below of the latest developments of COVID-19. https://www.health.gov.au/news/health-alerts/novel-coronavirus-2019-ncov-health-alert
The World Health Organization has up to date information about the current global status of COVID -19 as well as guidance and advice. https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019
The Australian Government Department of Treasury outlines the Government's Economic Response to the Coronavirus including fact sheets on Cash flow assistance for businesses and Delivering support for business investment.
The Australian Taxation Office (ATO) is implementing a series of administrative measures to assist Australians experiencing financial difficulty as a result of the COVID-19 outbreak, plus guidance with dealing with disasters, including COVID-19
The Department of Home Affairs has a fact sheet for Information for all affected visa holders and applicants which could impact on vineyards using foreign workers for picking and pruning, as well as general information on COVID-19 and the Australian border.
The Australian Government – Assistance for severely affected regions and sectors fact sheet is available for regional communities to ensure you are aware of all available assistance during this time.
What are companies’ legal obligations around coronavirus?, Susser P & Tyson T, Harvard Business Review, 4 March 2020.
Interim guidance for businesses and employers, Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, 26 February 2020.
Prepare your supply chain for coronavirus, Rice J B Jr, Harvard Business Review, 27 February 2020.
Coronavirus is proving that we need more resilient supply chains, Linton T & Vakil B, Harvard Business Review, 5 March 2020.


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It looks like the kind of math problem that appears in nightmares about the calculus exam you completely forgot to take. It’s actually a formula that could determine whether, say, a family of Syrian refugees finds safe haven in Latvia or Lithuania or Luxembourg, or perhaps nowhere in Europe.
On Wednesday, shortly after European Commission President Jean-Claude Juncker announced a new plan to distribute 120,000 asylum-seekers currently in Greece, Hungary, and Italy among the EU’s 28 member states, Duncan Robinson of the Financial Times tweeted a series of grainy equations from the annex of a proposed European regulation, which establishes a mechanism for relocating asylum-seekers during emergency situations beyond today’s acute crisis. Robinson’s message: “So, how do they decide how many refugees each country should receive? ‘Well, it’s very simple...’”
Behold the simplicity:
In an FAQ posted on Wednesday, the European Commission expanded on the thinking behind the elaborate math. Under the proposed plan, if the Commission determines at some point in the future that there is a refugee crisis in a given country (as there is today in Greece, Hungary, and Italy, the countries migrants reach first upon arriving in Europe), it will set a number for how many refugees in that country should be relocated throughout the EU. That number will be “not higher than 40% of the number of [asylum] applications made [in that country] in the past six months.”


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Applied Jazz Lessons
Professor Dewey comes to the Greenwood School of Music after an illustrious career as a member of “The President’s Own” US Marine Band and Chamber Orchestra. He has performed in 49 of our 50 states and has performed abroad in Canada, Germany, Switzerland, and Austria. He has performed at venues such as Carnegie Hall in New York City, The Krannert Center for the Performing Arts in Urbana Illinois, Benaroya Hall in Seattle Washington, Strathmore Concert Hall in Bethesda Maryland, Orchestra Hall in Chicago, and is a frequent performer at the Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts in Washington DC.
A versatile instrumentalist who performs regularly on both double bass and electric bass, Glenn has performed with Jazz and Commercial artists such as Arturo Sandoval, Stevie Wonder, Sir Paul McCartney, Lee Greenwood, Sammy Nestico, Jamey Aebersold, Manhattan Transfer, Toby Keith, Larry Gatlin, Steve Allen, Paul Winter, and Michael Feinstein.
Michael Bremo received his Masters in Jazz Studies from The University of Central Oklahoma and his Bachelors in Music Performance from The Rotterdam Conservatory (The Netherlands). Born and raised in Aruba, drummer/percussionist Mr. Bremo is well-known nationally for his versatility among Jazz, Pop/Rock, and Latin styles, especially his expertise in Caribbean and Afro-Cuban rhythms. He is among the most sought-after musicians in the region. He has toured the Caribbean, Latin America, Europe and The United States, sharing the stage with some of the finest musicians in the music business such as, Oscar Stagnaro, Bob Mintzer, John Daversa, Tony Monaco, Pernell Saturnino, Vince Norman, Jean Caze, Alex Brown, Alex Han, Woody Witt and Larry Ham.
To sign up for private drumset lessons, please email Professor Michael Bremo at email@example.com
Brian Belanus is a guitarist, composer, and educator from Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. He received his Master of Music from Oklahoma City University where he studied classical guitar with Dr. Lynn McGrath, and his Bachelor of Music from the University of Central Oklahoma where he studied under Danny Vaughan and improvisation with trumpeter Lee Rucker. He has had the privilege to study privately with Jonathan Kreisberg, Peter Berrnstein, Lage Lund, and Paul Bollenback, as well as renowned saxophonist Bob Mintzer. He has performed with the Oklahoma City Jazz Orchestra, and Lyric Theatre of Oklahoma, and continues to perform with his trio, BRD, and as a freelance guitarist across the state of Oklahoma.
To sign up for private guitar lessons, please email Professor Brian Belanus at firstname.lastname@example.org
Piano or Vibraphone
Dr. Howard Potter is currently Professor of Jazz / Mallet-keyboard Percussion and Music Industry at the Greenwood School of Music, Oklahoma State University where he also served as Director of the School from 2016-19. Prior to coming to OSU, Potter served as Associate Dean at the Eastman School of Music and Associate Professor of Jazz Mallets and the founder and director of the acclaimed Eastman Youth Jazz Orchestra. Before his tenure at Eastman, he served as Chair of the Performing Arts Department of the Manlius Pebble Hill School in Syracuse, NY, and founder and director of the 315 All Stars (winners of the 2001 Essentially Ellington International HS Competition).
For jazz piano or jazz vibraphone lessons, contact Professor Howard Potter at email@example.com.
Tommy Poole is Director of Jazz Studies and Associate Professor of Music at Oklahoma State University in Stillwater, OK. He is an active saxophonist and woodwind doubler in a variety of genres. He has recorded as saxophonist on numerous commercially available CDs ranging in style from classical, to jazz, to pop. He has performed professionally with Rosemary Clooney, Ramsey Lewis, Arturo Sandoval, The Woody Herman Orchestra, Andy Montanez, Glenn Monroig, Diane Schuur, Joe Williams, Mercer Ellington, Marilyn McCoo, and Dianne Reeves among many others.
For jazz wind instrument lessons (sax, trumpet, trombone, etc), contact Dr. Tommy Poole at firstname.lastname@example.org.
The course number for private jazz lessons is JAZZ 3010 for undergraduate students and JAZZ 5010 for graduate students.

domain: artistic


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If you ask me, we have an anger problem. I don’t mean that we’re angry and that’s a problem. Instead, we seem to have a problem with anger itself. We have long falsely placed anger in a box of emotions labeled bad to feel, but now it’s also bad emotion to communicate.
“Be careful how you tell him you’re upset; you could just come across as angry.”
“Those protestors would make their point better if they weren’t so angry.”
“Those [insert group of people I don’t agree with] are so angry all the time.”
When we say things like the above, we’re saying that if a person acts like they are angry, we can–and must–dismiss whatever they’re saying/doing at the time.
That is so screwed up.
Anger, like all of our emotions, is a God-given tool to help us read and react to situations. Anger helps us know when something is not right. Sure, we get angry for selfish, prideful reasons sometimes. (All of our emotions have the potential to lead us well or to lead us astray, just like our intellect can). But anger is still incredibly important for recognizing injustice, whether that injustice is towards others or ourselves.
When I started seeing my counselor several years ago, anger was one of the first emotions he began to coax out of me. I remember one lightbulb moment in particular. I had just described an incident from a past relationship when I’d been treated poorly. My counselor looked at me and said, “Weren’t you furious?”
No, I hadn’t been furious. I wasn’t even mad, at least not that I let myself feel or express. I excused, I justified, I felt guilty for wanting or expecting better. And because I buried and ignored my natural, God-given feelings, it took me a long time to end that relationship.
We have somehow equated being angry with being hateful or irrational. Anger can certainly coincide with hate and lack or reason, but anger can also be loving and logical.
These past several months have been infuriating far beyond the scale of a personal relationship. It bewilders me that in this current political and cultural climate, we chastise and dismiss others for being angry.
We’re allowed to be angry. We need to be angry. Being angry doesn’t mean we’re not also respectful or thoughtful or compassionate, or that those other qualities and emotions aren’t important. Saying one thing is important doesn’t diminish the importance of other, different things.
Next time you find yourself wanting to invalidate what someone says or does because they seem angry, check yourself. Maybe you’re taking the easy way out, using their anger as an excuse to dismiss them instead of taking the hard road and actually considering what they have to say.

domain: psychology


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Beiträge zur Jahrestagung des Vereins für Socialpolitik 2016: Demographischer Wandel - Session: Bank Regulation and Credit Channel E03-V2
This paper analyses the evolution of the resiliency of the European banking sector after the implementation of the Basel Capital Accord. In particular, by analysing SRISK and CoVaR we trace systemic risk and measures of systematic risk as the Basel process unfolds. We observe that, though systematic risk for European banks have been decreasing over the last three decades, systemic risk has heightened especially for the largest systemic banks. While the Basel process has succeeded in containing systemic risk of small banks, it has been less successful for the larger institutions. The latter ones opportunistically exploited the option of self-regulation by employing internal models and effectively increasing SRISK. Hence, the sub-prime crisis found the largest and more systemic banks ill-prepared and lacking resiliency. This condition was even aggravated during the European sovereign crisis.

domain: finance