Kirsty Boden said "I have to go help", but was stabbed as she knelt over a dying victim, an inquest hears.Read more
The sentencing of two men convicted of the murder a man who was beaten to death and stabbed outside his home in Battersea, has been delayed.
Ian Tomlin, 46, was attacked inside the communal area of his block of flats in October by Gary Beech, 48, and Michael Swan, 45.
Mr Tomlin (pictured) was struck so hard the bat "split", the Old Bailey heard during the trial.
Beech, of Cromwell House, and Swan, from Wandsworth, were due to be sentenced at the Old Bailey today - however Swan has requested a new barrister to represent him.
Judge Rebecca Poulet told the defendant that he would be expected to represent himself if he could not arrange a new lawyer within the next two weeks.
The judge told Mr Tomlin’s family how sorry she was the sentencing could not proceed today.
Beech, of Charlotte Despard Avenue, and Swan, of Enterprise Way, are due to be sentenced on 31 May.
Thousands of serving and retired police officers, police staff, their families and friends will gather at Westminster Abbey today for a special service of thanksgiving to mark 100 years of women police officers in the Met.
This event echoes the service of 100 years ago held at the Abbey to honour the fallen police officers of the First World War.
That service, on 17 May 1919, was the first occasion where female Met officers wore their uniforms in public.
One hundred years ago today, on 17 May 1919, Met Police women appeared in public for the first time at a special service at Westminster Abbey held to honour the losses of officers in the first world war. A century on, in 2019, I am delighted that Westminster Abbey will once again host a unique service and welcome on this occasion not just a handful, but thousands of Met police women, who will represent even more of their colleagues."
Kent Online: Russell Brand backs Gravesend artist Claude Barry
The Argus: Anger as rough sleepers pitch tents outside Brighton Town Hall
Get Surrey:Huge 54 metre long gantry installed across M23 ahead of 38-hour Gatwick Airport road closure
Hastings Observer: Restoration of former Observer building given boost as fundraiser extended
Mid Sussex Times: Haywards Heath farmer saves fox cubs after car hits pregnant mother
Chichester Observer: Chichester man dies from pneumonia after fall at hospital
Worthing Herald: St Paul's closure rumours addressed by trustee
West Sussex County Times: Windows smashed in Horsham vandalism spree
Brighton & Hove Independent: Lancing woman jailed for violent homophobic assault after Brighton Pride
Eastbourne Herald: Eastbourne PC faces misconduct charges after person injured in 'drunk' argument
Brighton and Hove News: Ten seafront lanterns removed after corrosion found
Last year Jamal Reilly was sleeping rough on the streets of London.
Kent Online: Kent's best beaches revealed
The Argus: Brighton man calls for Jeremy Kyle to be sacked after being on ITV show
Get Surrey:Over 3,300 Surrey families have lost money needed to live on due to benefits cap
Hastings Observer: Hastings man sent to prison for handling stolen computer
Mid Sussex Times: New changes to £65 million Burgess Hill redevelopment to go on show
Chichester Observer:Three jailed for Bognor Regis drugs supply after 2kg of cocaine seized
Worthing Herald:Ex-Worthing auction house could be turned into boxing academy
West Sussex County Times:Record numbers pound streets of Crawley and surrounding area for Run Gatwick event
Brighton & Hove Independent:Later licence for West Street nightclub Popworld turned down
Eastbourne Herald: Eastbourne man fined for driving without due care and attention
Brighton and Hove News:Brighton man faces trial charged with two counts of rape
French construction and transport concession group Vinci has completed its previously announced £2.9bn takeover of a majority stake in Gatwick airport.
The transaction was first announced last December, as Vinci took advantage of the Brexit-related UK stockmarket drop to buy a 50.01% stake in Gatwick.
"London Gatwick's integration into the Vinci Airports network is an excellent outcome for both organisations. Our synergies will lead to further tangible benefits for employees, passengers and airlines," said Vinci Airports President Nicolas Notebaert.
The deal makes Gatwick the largest airport in Vinci's network - a total of 46 airports in 12 countries - with a combined traffic of about 228 million passengers a year.
We joined the mayor on his morning commute to ask him about how he feels he has done so far running London.
The True Cancer Bodies campaign was set up after what campaigners said were "misleading" adverts.
Detectives investigating an assault at a Tube station, which left a man suffering from head and neck injuries, have released an image of a man they want to speak with.
At around 04:30 BST on 27 April, a man is reported to have been attacked by two men and a woman after refusing to hand them a cigarette.
The victim, a man in his 20s, suffered cuts to his head and neck, and a black eye.
A 22-year-old man was arrested on suspicion of affray following the attack.
He has since been released while officers carry out further enquiries.
Officers are now releasing images of another man who they would like to speak to
The £200m bill to replace Grenfell Tower-type cladding on about 150 private high-rise blocks in England will be met by the government, not the owners.
Talks are to be held in a bid to avert a strike by London Underground workers over the weekend of the FA Cup Final in a dispute over safety.
Members of the Rail, Maritime and Transport union are set to walk out for three days on 17 May, the day before the showpiece game at Wembley Stadium between Manchester City and Watford.
Thousands of fans would be hit by any disruption to Tube services.
The union has accused London Underground of cutting train preparations, inspections and maintenance which it says threatens safety - however London Underground denies the claims.
Talks between the two sides will be held at the conciliation service Acas on Friday.
The union is planning to hold a protest at City Hall next week urging London mayor Sadiq Khan to intervene.
The RMT said around 1,000 of its members, working on maintenance and other areas, are involved in the row.


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NewReplication Guide: Learning and Earning: Overcoming low education levels through skills development: This booklet captures something that has not been done before in Bangladesh; integrating people from underprivileged groups into nationally recognised mainstream skills development programmes (including women into non traditional trades) and decent jobs. It captures the cooperation of a leading national non-government training organisation, a government training organisation and a group of committed employers and it lays out, step-by-step, how you can do it.
BANGLADESH SKILLS SNAPSHOT 2012 : The survey is a snapshot of the supply and demand of skilled workers in selected sectors in Bangladesh in 2012. It was commissioned on behalf of the National Skills Development Council Secretariat, and funded by the Swiss Development Corporation. The survey presents the current statistics, and also looks at skills predictions in the medium and long term.
POLICIES, REPORTS & MANUALS
LEARN MORE: KEY CONCEPTS
STORIES OF CHANGE
TVET Reform is not just about new ways of doing things; it is about changing the mindset of the TVET sector. If the sector is to meet the increasing demands of the global labour market, it needs to focus quickly on becoming flexible, inclusive, efficient and collaborative.
In order to meet labour demands in Bangladesh, TVET must be delivering quality skills that employers want, and these needs are constantly changing. Through improving the responsiveness and flexibility of TVET institutions, reform will enable institutions to better meet industry needs.
In order for quality training to be delivered and assessed in Bangladesh, TVET practitioners need to move away from lecturing and towards practical, competency-based methods. Reform will encourage this by building the capacity of managers to understand the need for it and by improving TVET teacher training methods.
Stronger relationships between training institutions and industry will ensure that graduates have the skills needed by employers, so that they can together meet the increasing needs of the labour market. Reform will encourage these partnerships through Industry Skills Councils and encourage best practice through Centres of Excellence.
One of the key reform objectives is to make TVET accessible to all, including youth with low literacy and numeracy, child workers, women and rural communities and persons with disabilities. To do this, reform is concentrating on removing policy-related barriers, such as minimum education levels, and also physical barriers, such as transport systems which are not gender-friendly.
Constituents and PartnersThe TVET Reform Project extends technical assistance to the Government of Bangladesh primarily through the following skills-related government agencies:
- Ministry of Education (MoE)
- Ministry of Labour and Employment (MoLE)
- Bangladesh Technical Education Board (BTEB)
- Directorate of Technical Education (DTE)
- Bureau of Manpower Employment and Training (BMET)
Contact UsIf you would like printed copies of any of the materials on the website, or any further information, please contact us:
ILO Skills Programme Office
Road 127, House A-9, Central Gulshan 1, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh
Email us here

domain: economics


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Championship 18-hole Bob Cupp Golf Course. LaPlaya Golf Club is available to Members and LaPlaya Resort Guests. Memberships are limited, and currently $5000 off the joining fee!Arrange your visit to LaPlaya Golf Course and discover more family-friendly attractions in Naples using our Naples trip tool.
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Wow! What a wonderful trip we had last week to LaPlaya. We stayed at the resort so we had the opportunity to play the LaPlaya Golf Course. We ended up playing four rounds during the week and were... more »
I’m not a golfer, my husband plays here. I love to come meet him, on the patio, for lunch. Friendliest staff, great food awesome views. Alan Findlay such a lovely down to earth welcoming Scot with a..... more »
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domain: travel


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Tracee Ellis Ross is turning up the heat this 4th of July! The Black-ish star, 49, sizzled in a set of bikini snaps shared to her Instagram on Sunday, July 3 ahead of the holiday celebrations. Kicking back during a pool day with friends, Tracee looked incredible in her strapless green two-piece which she rocked with a matching trucker hat and some serious bling in the form of two gold necklaces.
The stunning daughter of Diana Ross has been happily sharing amazing selfies ahead of her 50th birthday in October. In a recent interview with The Guardian, Tracee opened up about growing older in the entertainment industry and how Hollywood often wades in ageism. “It is especially aimed at women,” she said. “But you know, I’ve always been excited about getting older. I love getting wiser and having more experience.” However, she went on to say she still deals with “vulnerabilities and discomforts” about her age. “But trying to pretend or hide the things that I feel insecure or uncomfortable about doesn’t make them any less comfortable, you know?”
Tracee then explained what an honor it is to grow older, in light of the recent mass shooting at Uvalde, which left 19 children dead. “Not everybody has that honor, with everything going on in this country, with all of the violence and the children that don’t get to live that long.”
She also touched up on the idea of looking perfect for social media, which she found difficult to deal with in the past. “I have struggled with perfectionism, and now I shun it. I want to be in a relationship with myself as I am. I don’t want to be fighting with an image that I put out that I can’t keep up with,” Tracee admitted.
Echoing the sentiment when she recently graced the cover of Harper’s Bazaar‘s November issue, Tracee got candid about accepting herself as she gets older. “Learning to be me has been a really long journey,” she said. “It took me a long time to get to know myself, to accept myself, and even on some days to really like and love myself. And then it took me a whole other load of years to have the courage to actually live in the world as that person.”

domain: celebrity


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KUALA LUMPUR, Dec 6 (Bernama) – The Federal Land Development Authority (Felda) is committed to assist 100,000 smallholders from 286 Felda settlements to obtain the Malaysian Sustainable Palm Oil (MSPO) certification for 431,430 hectares (ha) of oil palm plantation.
In a statement today, Felda said compliance with the MSPO offered many benefits for smallholders, including helping them in branding their palm oil products and giving them a higher export competitive edge, especially in environmentally sensitive markets like the European Union, the United States and Australia.
Other benefits include a more effective and systematic management, helping to achieve the country’s aspiration in ensuring a sustainable palm product output, potentially enhancing yield and improving oil extraction rate by using the Best Management Practices.
To date, 120 oil palm settlement schemes or almost 42 per cent of oil palm schemes in the country have obtained MSPO certification, involving 175,950.21ha of plantation land.
Meanwhile, 166 other schemes, involving 225,480.23ha of plantation land, are expected to be MSPO certified by end-2019.
Felda said it is working together with a third-party auditor and other agencies to obtain the certification and ensure transparency in the initiative towards producing sustainable palm oil.

domain: news


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NEW ORLEANS (AP) — A 1992 federal court agreement that led to a Black justice being elected to Louisiana’s once all-white Supreme Court will remain in effect under a ruling Wednesday from a divided federal appeals court panel.
The 2-1 ruling from the 5th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals upholds a lower court ruling. It’s a defeat for state Attorney General Jeff Landry, now Louisiana’s governor-elect.
Civil rights groups led by the Legal Defense Fund heralded the ruling.
“Today, the court recognized the failure of Louisiana’s Attorney General to show that the important safeguard for ensuring Black Louisiana voters have a say in who presides over their Supreme Court is no longer necessary,” Leah Aden, LDF Senior Counsel, said in a news release.
Angelique Freel, an assistant attorney general, said in an emailed statement that the decision would be appealed to the full 5th Circuit, which has 16 full-time judges.
Landry and state Solicitor General Elizabeth Murrill, a fellow Republican who is in a runoff election campaign to succeed him as attorney general, had argued in a March hearing that the 1992 agreement is no longer needed and should be dissolved. She noted the election of a series of Black justices from the New Orleans-area district over the past three decades.
“While the election of a member of the minority group is one factor to consider, this alone does not demonstrate that the vestiges of past discrimination have been eliminated to the extent practicable,” Judge Jacques Wiener wrote for the majority, rejecting the attorney general’s arguments.
Attorneys for the original plaintiffs in the voting rights case and the U.S. Justice Department had argued that the state presented no evidence to show it would not revert to old patterns that denied Black voters representation on the state’s highest court.
U.S. District Judge Susie Morgan last year refused to dissolve the agreement, referred to as a consent judgment or consent decree. Wiener, nominated to the court by President George H.W. Bush, was joined by Judge Carl Stewart, nominated by President Bill Clinton, in upholding Morgan’s decision. Judge Kurt Engelhardt, nominated by President Donald Trump, dissented.
The majority held that court precedents required that the state prove that vestiges of past discrimination have been eliminated and that the past discrimination will not be repeated. The state failed on both counts, Wiener wrote.
Engelhardt wrote in dissent that the state had met its obligations under the consent judgment.
“By failing to explain the limits of the Consent Judgment’s requirements with any specificity, or when termination will be warranted, the majority seems to say, ‘We’ll know it when we feel it,’” Engelhardt wrote.
”This not only shows an unwarranted and extraordinary mistrust of the State and its duly elected officials, but further perpetuates a scenario in which these parties will never agree — and, under the majority’s holding, this disagreement will prevent the Consent Judgment from ever being satisfied.”
TheGrio is FREE on your TV via Apple TV, Amazon Fire, Roku and Android TV. Also, please download theGrio mobile apps today!


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Missouri Marijuana Laws 2021 – What’s a Felony and What’s Not?
June 29, 2021
Currently, 17 states allow for the use of recreational marijuana. To the dismay of many, Missouri is not one of those states. Individuals charged with possession of marijuana (under a certain amount) generally face misdemeanor charges.
However, depending on where you’re charged, owning other types of marijuana products (i.e., edibles, THC wax, etc.) or larger amounts of marijuana may lead to a felony charge that could result in jail time.
While this is an exciting time in our country for marijuana enthusiasts, it’s important to remember that the current marijuana laws in Missouri are still strict compared to many other states.
Whether you’re charged with a marijuana-related misdemeanor or felony, it’s in your best interest to consult with an experienced Cole County criminal defense lawyer.
At Kirsch & Kirsch, we offer criminal defense services all over Cole County, including:
- Jefferson City, MO
- Russellville, MO
- Wardsville, MO
- Taos, MO
- Saint Thomas, MO
- Centertown, MO
- Saint Martins, MO
Contact us today at 573-222-0826 for your free initial consultation. Learn more below about Missouri marijuana laws in 2021.
Overview of Missouri Marijuana Laws – Misdemeanor Vs. Felony
According to a recent poll conducted by The Kansas City Star, more than 90% of respondents said recreational marijuana should be legal in Missouri.
While the state is edging closer and closer to more liberal marijuana laws, it’s still a long way from full legalization.
With that in mind, it’s essential to understand the consequences of marijuana possession in Missouri. Learn more about what’s considered a misdemeanor and what’s considered a felony below.
Missouri Misdemeanor Marijuana Offenses
If you possess any amount of marijuana in Missouri, you can still be charged with a criminal offense.
Missouri misdemeanor marijuana possession charges include, but are not limited to:
- Possession up to 10g: Those charged with possessing marijuana under 10g for the first time face misdemeanor charges, up to $500 in fines, but no jail time. However, subsequent misdemeanor convictions can lead to higher fines, and jail time (up to one year).
- Marijuana Paraphernalia: Owning marijuana paraphernalia can lead to misdemeanor charges. First-time offenders are subject to fines up to $500 but no jail time. Subsequent or more serious offenses can be charged as a felony.
Missouri Felony Marijuana Offenses
If you’re buying marijuana in Missouri, you can potentially be charged with felony marijuana offenses for seemingly innocent actions.
For example, suppose your supplier offers to sell you more than 35g of marijuana at a discounted price. If authorities catch you, you could be charged with felony possession charges as well as felony distribution charges.
The Cole County Prosecutor may charge you with felony marijuana-related charges under the following circumstances, but not limited to:
- You possess more than 35 grams of marijuana
- You possess marijuana concentrates (i.e., THC wax, edibles, etc.)
- You attempt to sell, traffic, or distribute marijuana (harsher penalties for distribution or sale to minors)
- You cultivate (grow) any amount of marijuana
- You intend to or are distributing marijuana paraphernalia for commercial purposes
It’s important to note: that just because you’re charged with felony marijuana possession doesn’t mean that you will be convicted.
When is Marijuana Legal in Missouri? – Missouri Medical Marijuana Laws
If you are diagnosed with a qualifying medical condition, you may be eligible for a medical marijuana card in Missouri.
However, there are limitations to the amount of marijuana you can possess and the type of products. It’s important to note that you must be approved to purchase and own medical marijuana. Otherwise, you could face criminal drug charges.
Contact a Trusted Criminal Defense Lawyer Today
A criminal marijuana conviction can lead to jail time, high fines, and many other complications in your life. If you’re facing misdemeanor or felony marijuana charges, it’s in your best interest to work with the best criminal defense lawyer in your area.
At Kirsch & Kirsch, we have an in-depth understanding of current marijuana laws in Missouri, as well as the most effective criminal defense strategies. We can help.
Contact us today at 573-222-0826 for your free initial consultation.

domain: law


In the last two years, only 7% of Billboard´s top 100 DJ list were female. Underplayed explores gender inequality through the lens of the electronic music scene and the women championing the change over the summer festival season.
In the music industry, women take up less than three percent in the production and technical area. Only six percent of the DJs in 150 world-renown clubs are female. And in the Top 100 DJs announced by Billboard Magazine in 2018, only five of them were women. These mysterious statistics drew Stacey Lee’s attention when she was preparing for her feature-length documentary debut. In the era where women thrive in various fields, the music industry and EDM world are still dominated by men. (Though there are still many fields that face the same situation.) Underplayed shows the struggles of talented female DJs such as Alison Wonderland, Sherelle, and REZZ, who still shine under such unequal circumstances. The film offers the audience a chance to take a second look at women’s status in various fields of society beyond the realm of EDM. (CHUN Jinsu)
(54999) 2F, JEONJU Cine Complex, 22, Jeonjugaeksa 3-gil, Wansan-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea T. +82 (0)63 288 5433 F. +82 (0)63 288 5411
(04031) 4F, 16, Yanghwa-ro 15-gil, Mapo-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea T. +82 (0)2 2285 0562 F. +82 (0)2 2285 0560
(54999) JEONJU Cine Complex, 22, Jeonjugaeksa 3-gil, Wansan-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea T. +82 (0)63 231 3377


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Before I even begin, let me say, if you are looking to engineer a train around a rolling hillside and marvel with all of the detail and realism surrounding you, then read no further as this game is not for you. If you are into developing and managing a complex railroad system, then this game is right on target.
Developed by Flying Lab Software and Published by Strategy First, Rails Across America is scheduled for release in August 2001. Very similar to Railroad Tycoon, Rails Across America is a massive management and strategy game.
Rails Across America will present several different gameplay options. The first of these will allow a player to start with a preset amount of money and select a hometown. Players will then build a network of railways and attempt to beat the computer opponents in expansion and managing funds, all while keeping your popularity above average. Another option to begin play is through one of the scenarios. Players are given a select timeframe in which to complete certain objectives. In one of the scenarios in the playable we received, fifteen years were given to build a railroad network from Baltimore to the West Coast of North America. Other scenarios that will be shipped with Rails Across America focus around other objectives, some of these including rebuilding rail systems after long and tedious war, or a race to open an area by being the first to build a railway to that location. Rails Across America will feature scenarios beginning from the early 1800's, all the way to the very late 1900's, so there is a lot of selection to choose from.
Multiplayer will be included as well, with the GameSpy connection matchmaking software integrated within the game shell. Players will have the option to join an online game and compete against other humans in a war to develop the most advanced and largest overall company.
A full-scale map of North America with all the major cities and many smaller cities is the foundation of the game. Players pick a home city and build railways from city to city. In the playable we recieved, it was only possible to build a railway to a town in which your home city or which your home city is connected to. The size of the city will greatly affect the amount of money and traffic your railway will generate. Higher traffic railways will require duel tracks, with most lines accepting up to four tracks. Other upgrades can be assigned to the tracks, such as railway signals and such. Engines must ben manually assigned to each track, and determining which type of engine is a major challenge. Upgrades will increase the productivity and popularity of the railway.
Running short on cash? Take a loan. Rails Across America is all about money-management. It is expected that players will take a loan upon the start to expand the rail system, but as the game progresses, players must learn to manage funds and only spend when necessary. Building a small railway between two towns can easily cost millions and millions of dollars, and money must be earned the old fashoned way, it doesn't grow on trees.
If graphics are what you are looking for, then Rails Across America is not really for you. The graphics in Rails Across America, from what we have seen thus far, are lacking. Trains all look the same, as do tracks. In our version. when an upgrade was applied to a track such as a second railroad, the original track does not physically change at all, but rather stays the same. We are not sure if this will be changed in the final version. Fortunately, for a game of this genre and type, graphics are not all that important.
In the playable we received, game play was rather enjoyable and addicting. Track construction is very easy for younger players, while the strategy and money-management is more suitable for more mature individuals. Assigning trains to tracks can become confusing at times, and making the right selection between the multiple models can be a challenge. One train should be assigned for both freight and passenger transits. Occasionally, cards will appear on the right hand corner of the screen, and I was informed that these were known as "Influence cards." These cards are used to influence your railway, or can be used to influence opposing railways. For example, a "terrorists" card can be used to do damage on an enemies railway system, but if they have influence cards, they can block the action. These cards can also be played on cities, increasing or reducing railway access to the city. These will be more predominantly used in multiplayer gaming.
The interface on Rails Across America is one of the most beautiful I have ever seen. In the background are very rare and excellent photographs of older trains, with the menus clear and concise. The in game menus are just as nice, with easy navigation, even with the massive number of options.
Rails Across America is one to keep in mind, and is looking to be another success for Strategy First. If you are at all interested in managing funds or addicted to trains, Rails Across America is definitely for you. Rails Across America will retail for $39.99 USD and will be available for purchase in Mid-August, 2001.

domain: game


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Justice n. Fairness, moral rightness, and a scheme or system of law in which every person receives his/her/its due from the system, including all rights, both natural and legal. One problem is that attorneys, judges, and legislatures often get caught up more in procedure than in achieving justice for all Judiciary: The branch of government that is endowed with the authority to interpret and apply the law, adjudicates legal disputes, and otherwise administers justice. Every society in human history has confronted the question of how to resolve disputes.
Definition of Court: Court n. any official tribunal (court) presided over by a judge or judges in which legal issues and claims are heard and determined. Judicial courts are created by the government through the enactment of statutes or by constitutional provisions for the purpose of enforcing the law for the public good. They are impartial forums for the resolution of controversies between parties who seek redress from a violation of a legal right. In a broader sense, the term may also refer to a legislative assembly; a deliberative body.
The public has a right to attend judicial proceedings. This right ensures that the proceedings will be conducted in a fair and unbiased manner. Most courts have a multilevel structure. A few states have a two-tiered system, but the federal government and most states use a three-tiered model. All litigants have an opportunity to argue cases before a trial-level court, and subsequently to pursue the matter further through two levels of appeals courts. Purpose of Judicial System: The purpose of the legal system is to provide a system for interpreting and enforcing the laws.
The purpose of the legal is to provide a systematic, orderly, and predictable mechanism for resolving disagreements. Functions of Judicial System In order to do its job, any such system must perform three closely connected, but nevertheless distinct, functions: • Adjudication( Arbitration, negotiation), • Legislation • Execution. Judicial Function The judicial function is the core of any legal system. In its judicial function, a legal system adjudicates disputes, issuing a decision as to how the disagreement should be settled. Legislative Function.
The purpose of the legislative function is to determine the rules that will govern the process of adjudication. Legislation tells judicial function how to adjudicate. Executive Function Finally, the purpose of the executive function is to ensure, that the disputing parties submit to adjudication in the first place, and they actually comply with the settlement eventually reached through the judicial process. In its executive function the legal system may rely on coercive force, voluntary social sanctions, or some combination of the two.
The executive function gives a legal system its “teeth,” providing incentives for peaceful behavior; both domestic law enforcement and national defense fall under the executive function. HISTORICAL RETROSPECT: The roots of the current judicial system of Pakistan stretch back to the medieval period and even before. The judicial system that we practice today has evolved over a long period of time, spanning roughly over a whole millennium. The system has passed through several epochs covering the Hindu era, Muslim period including the Mughal dynasty, British colonial period and post-independence period.
Notwithstanding the successive changes i. e. one rule/dynasty substituted by the other, which naturally resulted in the socio-economic and political transformation of the Indian society, the judicial system generally maintained a steady growth and gradual advance towards consolidation and improvement/refinement, without indeed, having to undergo any major disruption or substantial change. All in all, the system experienced and passed through 3 distinct stages of historical development, namely, Hindu Kingdom, Muslim-rule and British colonial domination.
The 4th and current era, commenced with the partition of India and the establishment of Pakistan as a sovereign and independent State. The system, thus, has evolved through a process of reform and development. This conclusion enjoys near unanimity among historians and commentators of Indian legal history. During this process of evolution and growth, the judicial system did receive influences and inspirations from foreign doctrines/notions and indigenous norms/practices, both in terms of organising courts’ structure and hierarchy, and following procedures/practices in reaching decisions.
Therefore, the present judicial system is not an entirely foreign transplant, as is commonly alleged, but has acquired an indigenous flavour and national colour. And whereas the system may not fully suit the genius of our people or meet the local conditions, its continued application and practice has made it intelligible to the common man. The very fact that the people are making resort to the courts for the resolution of their conflicts/disputes indicates that the system enjoys a degree of legitimacy and acceptance. Judicial Structure of Pakistan.
Pakistan’s judicial system stems directly from the system that was used in British India as on independence in 1947, the Government of India Act 1935 was retained as a provisional Constitution. As a consequence, the legal and judicial system of the British period continued, of course, with due adaptations and modifications, where necessary, to suit the requirements of the new Republic. This way, neither any vacuum occurred nor did any break result in the continued operation of the legal system. Pakistan is an Islamic republic. Islam is the state religion, and the Constitution requires that laws be consistent with Islam.
Superior Judiciary The Constitution of Pakistan deals with the superior judiciary in a fairly comprehensive manner and contains elaborate provisions on the composition, jurisdiction, powers and functions of these courts. The Constitution provides for the “separation of judiciary from the executive” and the “independence of judiciary”.  It entrusts the superior courts with an obligation to “preserve, protect and defend” the Constitution.  The qualifications of Judges, their mode of appointment,  service conditions, salary, pension,  etc are also laid down in the Constitution.
The remuneration of judges and other administrative expenditures of the Supreme Court and High Courts are charged on the Federal/Provincial Consolidated Fund,  which means it may be discussed but cannot be voted upon in the legislature. The Constitution also provides for the grounds as well as forum and procedure for the removal of judges of the superior courts.  The Supreme Judicial Council, consisting of the senior judges of the Supreme Court and High Courts, on its own or on a reference made by the President, may recommend the removal of a Judge on the ground of misconduct or physical or mental incapacity.
Thus, the Constitution ensures the freedom, independence and impartiality of the superior judiciary. There is a Supreme Court in Pakistan and a High Court in each province, and other courts exercising civil and criminal jurisdiction. The Supreme Court and High Courts have been established under the Constitution and other Courts have been established by or under the Acts of Parliament or Acts of Provincial Assemblies. The Constitution also provides for the office of Ombudsman. Judiciary Supreme Court ORGANISATION AND STRENGTH OF JUDICIAL HIERARCHY: (1) Supreme Court.
The Supreme Court is at the apex of the judicial systems of Pakistan. The Supreme Court of Pakistan consists of Chief Justice and not more than 16 other Judges appointed by the President. A person with 5 years experience as a Judge of High Court or 15 years experience as an advocate of High Court is eligible to be appointed as a Judge of the Supreme Court. The President of Pakistan appoints Judges to the Supreme Court from amongst the persons recommended by the Chief Justice of Pakistan on the basis of their knowledge and expertise in the different fields of law.
The recommendation of Chief Justice is binding on the President and is entitled to be accepted except for reasons to be recorded by President, which are justifiable. As per practice, usually the most Senior Judge of the Supreme Court is appointed as the Chief Justice. A Judge holds office until attaining the age of 65 years, unless he resigns earlier or is removed from office, in accordance with the Constitution. No Judge may be removed from office except on the grounds specified by the Constitution, namely, physical or mental incapacity, or misconduct, to be determined by the Supreme Judicial Council.
The Supreme Court exercises: • Original Jurisdiction • Appellate Jurisdiction and • Advisory Jurisdiction ORGINAL JURISDICTION: Exercises: It possesses exclusive original jurisdiction for settlement of intergovernmental (federal/provincial) disputes. Under this jurisdiction, the Court pronounces declaratory judgments. The Supreme Court can also exercise original jurisdiction, with respect to the enforcement of fundamental rights, if the case involves a question of public importance.
Jurisdiction: The Supreme Court, if it considers that a question of public importance, with reference to the enforcement of any of the Fundamental Rights ensured by the Constitution of Pakistan is involved, it has the power to make any appropriate order for the enforcement of fundamental rights. APPELLATE JURISDICTION: Exercises: Under its appellate jurisdiction, the Court entertains appeals against orders and decisions of High Courts and other special tribunals and courts. Under the Constitution, the Court is invested with authority to make its rules of practice and procedure.
Under the rules, the Chief Justice, as the head of the institution, nominates Judges for hearing of cases and exercising other administrative powers and functions. Jurisdiction: The Supreme Court has jurisdiction to hear and determine appeals from judgments, decrees, final orders or sentences passed by a High Court, the Federal Shariat Court and the Services Appellate Tribunals. An appeal to the Supreme Court can be made as a matter of right for certain cases while for the rest the Court hears an appeal with its prior permission. ADVISORY JURISDICTION:
Exercises: In exercise of its advisory jurisdiction, the Court furnishes its opinion on a question of law of public importance referred to it by the President for consideration. Advisory Jurisdiction: It, at any time, the President considers that it is desirable to obtain the opinion of the Supreme Court on any question of law which he considers of public importance, he may refer the question to the Supreme Court for consideration. The Supreme Court considers the question so referred and reports its opinion on the question to the President.
SEAT OF THE SUPREME COURT(SC): The permanent seat of the Supreme Court is at Islamabad, but it also runs circuits at Lahore, Karachi, Peshawar and Quetta. Transfer of Cases: The Supreme Court may, if it considers expedient to do so in the interest of justice, transfer any case, appeal or other proceedings pending before any High Court to any other High Court. General: The practice and procedure of the Court is regulated by the rules made by the Court. All executive and judicial authorities throughout Pakistan are required to act in aid of the Supreme Court.
Any decision of the Supreme Court to the extent it decides a question of law or is based upon or enunciates a principle of law is binding on all courts in Pakistan. The Supreme Court has the power to review any judgments pronounced by it or any order made by it. (2) High Courts: There is a High Court in each of the four provinces. The Islamabad Capital Territory falls within the jurisdiction of the Lahore High Court of the Punjab. A High Court consists of a Chief Justice and so many other Judges as may be determined by law or as may be fixed by the President.
Appointment of High court Judges: A Judge of the High Court is appointed by the President after consultation with the Chief Justice of Pakistan, the Governor of the Province and the Chief Justice of the High Court in which appointment is to be made. NO person is appointed as a Judge of the High Court unless he is a citizen of Pakistan having forty years of age and has been an advocate of the High Court or has held a judicial office for ten years and has for a klperiod of not less than three years, served as or exercised the functions of a District Judge in Pakistan.
A Judge of a High Court holds office until he attains the age of sixty-two years, unless he sooner resigns or is removed from office in accordance with the Constitution. SEAT OF THE HIGH COURT(HC): The principal seat of the Lahore High Court is at Lahore and it has three Benches at Bahawalpur, Multan and Rawalpindi. The principal seat of the High Court of Sindh is at Karachi with a Bench at Hyderabad and Sukkur. The principal set of Peshawar High Court is at Peshawar and it has two Benches at Abbott bad and Dera Ismail Khan.
The principal seat of High Court of Baluchistan is at Quetta with a Bench at Sibi. Each High Court may have more Benches at other places as the Governor on the advice of the Cabinet and in consultation with the Chief Justice of the High Court may determine. Jurisdiction (3) Federal Shariat Court The Federal Shariat Court of Pakistan consists of 8 Muslim judges including the Chief Justice. These Judges are appointed by the President of Pakistan choosing from amongst the serving or retired judges of the Supreme Court or a High Court or from amongst persons possessing the qualifications of judges of a High Court.
Justice Agha Rafiq A. Khan is the Chief Justice of FSC. Of the 8 judges, 3 are required to be Ulema who are well versed in Islamic law. The judges hold office for a period of 3 years, which may eventually be extended by the President. Exercises of Federal Shariat: If a certain provision of law is declared to be repugnant to the injunctions of Islam, the government is required to take necessary steps to amend the law so as to bring it in conformity with the injunctions of Islam.
Jurisdiction: The FSC, on its own motion or through petition by a citizen or a government (federal or provincial), has the power to examine and determine as to whether or not a certain provision of law is repugnant to the injunctions of Islam. Appeal against its decisions lie to the Shariat Appellate Bench of the Supreme Court, consisting of 3 Muslim judges of the Supreme Court and 2 Ulema, appointed by the President. The court also exercises revisional jurisdiction over the criminal courts, deciding Hudood Cases.
The decisions of the court are binding on the High Courts as well as subordinate judiciary. The court appoints its own staff and frames its own rules of procedure. Subject of Criticism: Ever since its establishment in 1980, the Federal Shariat Court has been the subject of criticism and controversy in the society. Created as an Islamisation measure by the military regime and subsequently protected under the controversial 8th Amendment, its opponents question the very rationale and utility of this institution.
It is stated that this court merely duplicates the functions of the existing superior courts and also operates as a check on the sovereignty of Parliament. The composition of the court, particularly the mode of appointment of its judges and the insecurity of their tenure, is taken exception to, and it is alleged, that this court does not fully meet the criterion prescribed for the independence of the judiciary. That is to say, it is not immune to pressures and influences from the Executive. In the past, this court was used as a refuge for the recalcitrant judges.
And whereas some of its judgments, particularly the ones which relying on the Islamic concept of equity, justice and fair play, expanded and enlarged the scope and contents of individual’s rights were commended, others that tend to restrict the rights of women, are severely criticized and deplored. In brief there is a need for a serious discussion on the status, utility and functions of this Court. (4) Subordinate Judiciary: The subordinate judiciary may be broadly divided into two classes; 1. Civil courts, established under the West Pakistan Civil Court Ordinance 1962 2.
Criminal courts, created under the Criminal Procedure Code 1898 In addition, there also exists, Other Courts and tribunals of civil and criminal nature, created under special laws and enactments. A judicial tribunal established to administer justice. An entity, in the government, to which the administration of justice is delegated. JURISDICTION: Their jurisdiction, powers and functions are specified in the statutes creating them. The decisions and judgments of such special courts are assailable before the superior judiciary (High Court and/or Supreme Court) through revision or appeal.
The civil courts may be classified as follows: (i) Civil & Criminal Courts: a) COURT OF DISTRICT JUDGE FOR CIVIL CASES: Courts of General Jurisdiction: In every district of a Province, there is a Court of District Judge which is the principal court of original jurisdiction in civil matters. Besides the Court of District Judge, there are courts of Civil Judges. Exercises: Civil Judges function under the superintendence and control of District Judge and all matters of civil nature originate in the courts of Judges.
The District Judge may, however, withdraw any case from any Civil Judge and try it himself. Appeal against Judgment of Civil Court: Appeals against the judgments and decrees passed by the Civil Judges in cases where the value of the suit does not exceed the specified amount lie to the District Judge. b) COURT OF SESSION JUDGE AND MAGISTRATES FOR CRIMINAL CASES: Court of Criminal Jurisdiction: In every district, there is a Court of Sessions Judge and Courts of Magistrates. The Court of a Sessions Judge is competent to pass any sentence authorized by law.
Exercises: Criminal cases punishable with death and cases arising out of the enforcement of laws relating to Hudood are tried by Sessions Judges. Offences not punishable with death are tried by Magistrates. Among the Magistrates there are Magistrates of 1st Class, 11th Class and 111th Class. Appeal against Judgment of Criminal Court: An appeal against the sentence passed by a Sessions Judge lies to the High Court and against the sentence passed by a Magistrate to the Sessions Judge if the term of sentence is up to four years, otherwise to the High
Court. (ii) Revenue Courts: Besides the civil courts, there exist revenue courts, operating under the West Pakistan Land Revenue Act 1967. The Revenue Courts may be classified as the Board of Revenue, the commissioner, the Collector, the Assistant Collector of the First Grade and Second Grade. The provincial government that exercises administration control over them appoints such officers. Law prescribes their powers and functions. (iii) Special Courts: To deal with specific types of cases Special Courts and Tribunals are constituted.
Accordingly, service tribunals, both at the centre and provincial level have been established and are functional. The members of these tribunals are appointed by the respective Government. Appeal against the decision of the Provincial Service Tribunal and the Federal Service Tribunals lies to the Supreme Court. These are; • Special Courts for Trial of Offences in Banks; • Special Courts for Recovery of Bank Loans; • Special courts under the Customs Act, • Special Traffic Courts; • Courts of Special Judges Anti- Corruption;
• Commercial Courts; • Drug Courts; Labour Courts; • Insurance Appellate Tribunal; • Income Tax Appellate Tribunal and • Services Tribunals • Anti Narcotics Courts • Anti terrorist Courts • Consumer Courts – drug courts Appeal against Special Court: Appeals from the Special Courts lie to the High Courts, except in case of Labour Courts and Special Traffic Courts, which have separate forums of appeal. Appeal against Tribunal Court: The Tribunals lie to the Supreme Court of Pakistan.
Speedy and Inexpensive Justice Steps have been taken to overcome the problems of inordinate delays in dispensing justice and enormous cost involved in litigation- a legacy of the past. The number of High court Judges, Additional Sessions Judges, Civil Judges and Magistrates has been increased. The Code of Criminal Procedure, 1898, has been amended to grant automatic concession of release on bail to the under-trial prisoners, if the continuous period of their detention exceeds one year in case of offences not punishable with death and two years in case of offences punishable with death.
It also made incumbent on the criminal courts to take into consideration the period of detention spent by the accused as an under-trial prisoner while awarding sentence. No fee is payable in criminal cases and for filing any petition before the Federal Shariat Court. Court fee in civil cases up to the value of Rs. 25, 000 has been abolished. iv) Juvenile Court: Section 4 of the JJSO authorizes the Provincial Government to establish one or more juvenile courts for any local area within its jurisdiction, in consultation with the Chief Justice of the high court.
Ten years have passed, and not a single such court has been established; and instead the High Courts have been conferring status of the juvenile courts on the existing courts. The High Courts cannot be doing this on their own, and must be instructed by the provincial governments to do so. In this era of independent judiciary, the High Courts should standup against the governments on this issue and refuse to confer powers on the already over-burdened courts and instead should insist upon establishing exclusive juvenile courts.
v) WAFAQI MOHTASIB (OMBUDSMAN): The Concept Mohtasib (Ombudsman) is an ancient Islamic concept and many Islamic States had established the office of Mohtasib to ensure that no wrong or injustice was done to the citizens. The Prophet of Islam (peace be upon him) introduced the system of `Hisab’ or accountability. He as well as his companions presented their public and private life and conduct for accountability. Thus a great institution emerged and spread across the globe.
In the 18th century when King Charles XII of Sweden was in exile in Turkey, it was there that the observed the working and efficacy of this institution in the Ottomon Caliphate. On regaining his throne, the King established a similar institution in Sweden. Later, in 1809 King Gustary set up this institution under its Swedish name i. e. Ombudsman. Gradually, other developed western countries also adopted this institution. Establishment in Pakistan: In Pakistan, the establishment of the institution of Ombudsman was advocated on several occasions.
It was Article 276 of the Interim constitution of 1972, which provided for the appointment of a Federal Ombudsman as well as Provincial Ombudsmen for the first time. Subsequently, the Constitution of 1973 included the Federal Ombudsman at item 13 of the Federal Legislative List in the Fourth Schedule. The Institution of Ombudsman was, however, actually brought into being through the Establishment of the Office of Wafaqi Mohtasib (Ombudsman) Order, 1983. Tenure The Wafaqi Mohtasib, who is appointed by the President of Pakistan, holds office for a period of four years.
He is not eligible for any extension of tenure, or for re-appointment under any circumstances. He is assured of security of tenure and cannot be removed from office except on ground of misconduct or of physical or mental incapacity. Even these facts, at his request, can be determined by the Supreme Judicial Council. Further, his office is non-partisan and non-political. Jurisdiction: The chief purpose of the Wafaqi Mohtasib is to diagnose, investigate, redress and rectify any injustice done to a person through maladministration on the part of a Federal Agency or a Federal Government official.
The primary objective of the office is to institutionalize a system for enforcing administrative accountability. The term “maladministration” has been defined in the law governing the office of Mohtasib, to cover a very wide spectrum, encompassing every conceivable form of administrative practice. It includes a decision, process, recommendation, an act of omission or commission, which: (A) Is contrary to law, rules or regulations or is a departure from established practice or procedure;
(B) is perverse, arbitrary or unreasonable, unjust, biased, oppressive or discriminatory or is based on irrelevant grounds: or (c) involves the exercise of powers, or the failure, or refusal to do so, for corrupt or improper motives. It also includes neglect, inattention, delay, incompetence, inefficiency, ineptitude in the administration, or in the discharge of duties and responsibilities. The term “Agency” has been defined as a Ministry, Division, Department, commission, or Office of the Federal Government, or a statutory corporation, or any other institution established or controlled by the Federal Government.
Not included in this term is the Supreme Court, the Supreme Judicial Council, the Federal Shariat Court or a High Court. Currently, the number of Agencies falling within the Ombudsman’s functional ambit is 300. The Mohtasib jurisdiction is excluded from matters the Defence of Pakistan or with the laws governing the Army, Navy and Air Force, or are concerned with the personal grievance or service matters of a public servant or functionary.
Anonymous or pseudonymous complaints also cannot be entertained by him under the law. Powers – If the Mohtasib finds an element of maladministration in a matter, he can, after investigating the matter, ask the Agency concerned to consider the matter further, to modify or cancel its decision, to take disciplinary action against any public servant, to dispose of the cases within a specified time, or to improve the working of the Agency, or to take any other specified steps.
Failure on the part of an Agency to comply with the Ombudsman’s recommendation is treated as “Defiance of Recommendations” which may lead to reference of the matter to the President of Pakistan, who, in his discretion may direct the Agency to implement the recommendations. The Mohtasib is empowered to award compensation to an aggrieved person for any loss or damage suffered by that person on account of maladministration. But
if the complaint is found to be false, or frivolous, he can also award compensation to the Agency or the functionary against whom the complaint was made. The Mohtasib has the same powers as a civil court under the Civil Procedure Code for summoning and enforcing the attendance of any person, compelling production of documents and receiving evidence on affidavits. He has also powers identical to that of the Supreme Court of Pakistan to punish any person for contempt.
The most significant feature of the Ombudsman’s powers is that where the superior courts cannot take notice of orders of administrators which are in conformity with the law and rules-whosoever oppressive or unjust or arbitrary they may otherwise be-the Ombudsman can go into their equity aspect without any inhibition and recommend their withdrawal or modification if he so finds.
Similarly, where the law or rules empower an authority to exercise his discretion in deciding matter, no court can question that discretion except the Ombudsman who, if he is satisfied that the discretion has not been exercised judiciously, may upset the decision or have it amended in the manner he sees fit. This gives him extensive leverage to do well and to undo injustice and arbitrariness arising out of orders lawfully made. Performance Since the inception of this office on 8th August, 1983 up to 31st December, 1993 the number of complaints dealt with were 4, 01,897.
Out of these 66 per cent were the matters relating to Federal Agencies and remaining 34 per cent were the provincial matters and they were not in purview of the Ombudsman. From the complaints against Federal Agencies 50 per cent were admitted for thorough investigation and remaining were not entertained due to the reason that either they were subjudice/service matters/premature or no maladministration was found apparently. During this period 1, 19, 684 complaints were thoroughly investigated and 71 per cent were found to be genuine.
During the year 1993, the highest number of complaints, i. e. 20,934 out of 44,578 complaints, after scrutiny, were admitted for investigation and 79 per cent of them were disposed off resulting in relief to the aggrieved. In view of the fact that a very high percentage of complaints is lodged with the Wafaqi Mohtasib which are within the purview of the provincial agencies, there is an urgent need for establishing the office of Provincial Mohtasib in all the provinces without any further delay.
The Provincial Government of Sindh and the Government of Azad Jammu and Kashmir have already established the institution of Mohtasib within their jurisdiction. Achievements Apart from the pains taken to investigate and redress complaints, the Ombudsman’s Secretariat makes it a appoint to acknowledge each and every complaint, and to inform those members of the public whose complaints cannot be legally entertained. In any case, each and every complaint has to be read and examined from all points of view even if it has to be rejected at the very outset for any of the prescribed reasons.
Only the Mohtasib can dismiss or reject a complaint, even in liming, and only he can pass the final orders on it after investigation. Justice An important aspect of the Office of Mohtasib, in addition to dealing with individual complaints, is to initiate studies and research regarding maladministration in Agencies having extensive dealing with the public, so that systems and procedures can be improved for the benefit of the people dealing with these Agencies.
So far, seven in-depth studies have been conducted in Departments/Corporations of vital concern to the general public, while in numerous cases procedures and processes have been got simplified to obviate complaints form the public. Since its establishment, the most significant impact of this institution is that it has revived the concept of administrative accountability in Pakistan, which is both an Islamic tenet and a democratic obligation. The public servant has become more cautious while exercising his powers.
He knows that there is an authority who can question him about his acts of omission and commission, while the citizen has the assurance that if an agency or an officer continues to be obdurate


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The four-day fire raging at a Cuban fuel depot is darkening the outlook for an.
A lightning strike, a chain of fireball explosions so huge they could be seen 65.
Cuba was forced to take one of its largest power plants off line Monday due.
The Cuban government said it has accepted “technical guidance” offered by the United States to.
Throughout the Mexican territory there are 33 active forest fires, with 4,278 hectares of forest.
The driver was transferred in an ambulance to a hospital in the city of Xalapa,.
Apparently a short circuit caused the fire in a passenger bus on the Merida-Uman route..
A strong fire was reported inside a bicycle factory located in the Coltongo neighborhood of.


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December 10, 2023
1220 10th Street
Anacortes, WA 98221
Second Sunday Jazz: Jack Radsliff
Sunday, December 10, 2023
Jack Radsliff is a guitarist/composer born and raised in the San Francisco Bay Area and currently residing in Eugene, OR. Jack has developed a reputation as a sideman that has led him to work with some of the Pacific Northwest’s biggest names and has performed in nearly every venue in Eugene. Recently, Jack’s playing has been featured on recordings from Tony Glausi and Joshua Hettwer. In November 2017 Jack released his own record Migration Patterns. It is available on iTunes, CDBaby, Spotify and Bandcamp.

domain: artistic


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AMC Loews Theatre -Boston Common 19, BostonThe 12th annual Boston International Film Festival beings Friday, April 11th & runs through the 21st...
Boston boston film events events
Thursday, Apr 17 1:30p
Sunday, May 11 11:00a
Tuesday, Apr 29 12:00p
Wednesday, Apr 23 7:00p
Hostelling International Boston, BostonJoin HI-Boston for popcorn, a film and discussion Pan's Labyrinth (2006- Mexico/Spain- R) This month, HI-Boston will be showing Pan's Labyrinth, a Spanish-Mexican drama film set five years after t...
Saturday, Apr 19 11:00a
Monday, Apr 21 6:30p
West End Museum, BostonThis program is part of the PBS series American Experience. This episode profiles the life and work of architect and builder Robert Moses...
Boston boston film events Related Topics
arts & crafts | community | business & tech | dance | fairs & festivals | food & dining | music | performing arts | sports & outdoors | visual arts | other | comedy | shopping | holiday | education/campus | family | cafe 939 events | boston rocks | comedy | boston | the metropolitans, boston | "in all products" | against the jab | free | boston film festival | brunch | sixe | amc boston common | health | antiques or flea markets | arts for humanity boston | boston events | xcxx | 8 bit boston | art on the marquee youjin moon


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Faculty and Staff Directory
Title: Associate Professor
Specialty Area: Early American and Atlantic World
Office #: 546 Crown Center
Ph.D. University of Pittsburgh (2006)
M.A. History, University of Pittsburgh (1999)
B.A. Westminster College, New Wilmington, PA (1993)
the Atlantic history of the English Revolution
slavery in the early modern and twenty-first century global economies
the origins of abolitionism in the British Empire
- Summer Research Grant, Loyola University, 2008
- Short Term Research Grant, International Seminar on the History of the Atlantic World, Harvard University, 2006
- Biannual Best Article Prize (co-winner), Labor: Studies inWorking-Class Histories of the Americas, "Radical Republicanism, Unfree Labor, and Imperialism in the Atlantic World, 1630-1661," (1 Winter 2004).
- Conference Grant, Forum for European Expansion and Global Interaction, Huntington Library, Pasadena, CA, January 2006
- Conference Grant, International Seminar on the History of the Atlantic World, Harvard University, August 2003, August 2005.
- Michael Kraus Research Grant, American Historical Association, May 2003.
- Mary C. Mooney Research Fellow, Boston Athenaeum, August 2003.
- Hays Summer Research Grant, Department of History, University of Pittsburgh, March 2003.
- Summer Research Grant, Center for West European Studies, University of Pittsburgh, February 2003.
- Nominee, Pennsylvania Teacher of Excellence Award, February 2005, 2004, and 2003.
'Fire Under the Ashes': An Atlantic History of the English Revolution (forthcoming, University of Chicago Press)
Building the Atlantic Empires: Slavery, the State, and the Rise of Global Capitalism, 1500-1945 (co-edited with Evelyn Jennings (forthcoming, Brill Publishers, Global Social History Series)
"Out of the Land of Bondage': The English Revolution and the Atlantic Origins of Abolition," The American Historical Review(forthcoming, vol. 115, no. 3, June 2010)
Kidnapped: Child Trafficking in the Global Economies of the Seventeenth and Twenty-first Centuries," in J. Garbarino and G. Sigman, eds., The Child's Right to a Healthy Environment(New York: Springer Publishing, 2010).
"El distrito de Londinense de la calle Coleman y el mundo atlantico del republicanismo radical, 1624-1661," Itinerarios, del Centro de Estudios Espacio Memoriae Identidad, Universidad Naciona de Rosario, Argentina, 2007
"The Western Design and Radical Republicanism," International Seminar on the History of the Atlanta World,Working Papers: Soundings (Cambridge, MA, 2005)
"Radical Republicanism, Unfree Labor, and Imperialism in the Atlantic World, 1630-1661," Labor: Studies in Working-Class Histories of the Americas 1 Winter (2004), 47068
- "'Hell Broke Loose:' Coleman Street Ward and the Atlantic World of Radical Republicanism,” International Seminar on the History of the Atlantic World, Working Papers: Atlantic Networks, 1500-1825 (Cambridge, MA, 2003)
Recent Book Reviews:
- Susan Dwyer Amussen, Caribbean Exchanges: Slavery and the Transformation of English Society, 1640-1700 (Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press, 2007) [Forthcoming in Itinerario: International Journal of the History of Global Expansion and Interaction]
- Glenn Burgess and Matthew Festenstein, eds., English Radicalism, 1550-1850 (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2007). [Forthcoming in Left History]
- David Brion Davis, Inhuman Bondage: The Rise and Fall of Slavery in the New World (New York: Oxford University Press, 2006) in Itinerario: International Journal of the History of Global Expansion and Interaction 31.3 (2007).
- Jeremy Black, The Hanoverians: The History of a Dynasty(London: Hambledon and London, Ltd., 2004) in The History Teacher 39 February (2006).
- Jessica Warner, The Incendiary: The Misadventures of John the Painter, First Modern Terrorist (Toronto: McClellan and Stewart, 2005) in The International Journal of Maritime History XVII June (2005), 307-309.
- Carla Gardina Pestana, The English Atlantic in An Age of Revolution, 1640-1661 (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2004) in The Journal of Social History 39 (4) 2006, 1189-1191.
- Joseph C. Morton, The American Revolution (Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 2003) in The History Teacher 38 November (2004), 129-130.
- Rebecca J. Tannenbaum, The Healer's Calling: Women and Medicine in Early New England (Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press, 2002) in Itinerario: European Journal of Overseas History XXVIII June (2004), 83-86.
"Images of Irish Savagery and Slavery in the British Atlantic, 1550-1700," Vince Howard Memorial Lecture, Lewis University, Romeville, IL (April 2, 2008)
"The Barbary Pirates and Slavery in the British Empire and Early Republic," Islam and the West: European and American Views of Islam, 1450-1900, Newberry Library Undergraduate Seminar, Chicago, IL (February 18, 2008)
"Slavery and Abolition: Historical Perspectives on a Comtemporary Problem," Seminar for Critical Social Thought, Mt. Holyoke College, South Hadley, MA (April 4, 2007
"In the Court of King Death: Three Tales of Justice Under the Jolly Roger," C.V. Starr Center for American Studies, Washington College, Chestertown, MD (November 5, 2006)
Future and Recent Conference Papers:
"Empire and Abolition in the Revolutionary Atlantic," British Group in Early American History Conference, Manchester University, Manchester, UK (September 13, 2008)
- "Commonwealth Principles, Impressment, and the Imperial State, 1647-1661," Workshop on The Armed Forces and British Society, 1650-1790, St. Hilda’s College, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (July 7, 2008)
- "Combustions in the Commonwealth": Radical Politics in the Atlantic World of the English Revolution," Newberry Library Seminar on Early American History and Culture, Chicago, IL (January 17, 2008)
- '"No Mere Mercenary Army': Empire, Unfree Labor, and the English Revolution;” panel organizer, The Imperial State and Unfree Labor in the Atlantic World, 1649-1840," North American Labor History Conference, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI (October 20, 2007)
- "Empire and Abolition in the Revolutionary Atlantic, 1630-1661," Forum for European Expansion and Global Interaction. The Huntington Library, Pasadena, CA. January 2006.
- "The Western Design and Radical Republicanism," International Seminar on the History of the Atlantic World. Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts. August 2005.
- "'Soldiers in the Army of the Lord': Thomas Venner, Impressment, and Radical Republicanism in the Atlantic World, 1636-1657," Conference on Class and Class Struggles in North America and the Atlantic World, 1500-1800. Bozeman, Montana. September 2003.
- "Hell Broke Loose': London's Coleman Street Ward and the Atlantic World of Radical Republicanism, 1624-1661," International Seminar on the History of the Atlantic World. Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts. August 2003.

domain: history


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This beauty has a rich deep blue/green/grey background on one side and white background on the reverse. Both sides feature a pretty red and ochre floral and vine design and are framed with a pretty complimentary border. Beautiful detailing and super soft lightweight 100% cotton voile. The only cover you will need in summer and perfect for an extra layer on your bed or sofa throw to keep off the winter chill. A fabulous addition enhancing the look and feel of your home and adding a little colour and joy.
Details you'll love...
- Hand block printed on 100% cotton voile
- Ethically sourced
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Care – Dry clean or machine wash on a cold gentle cycle using enzyme-free detergent and laid flat to dry in shade.
These quilts are lovingly hand block printed by skilled artisans in Jaipur, India using traditional techniques. They are then filled with natural cotton padding and hand quilted by a skilled group of beautiful ladies in a labour of love that shines through in these beautiful heirloom quilts. Due to their handcrafted nature, irregularities may occur rendering each piece unique.


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Nepal is in an acute emergency situation.
The number of COVID-19 cases has increased dramatically in recent weeks. Almost every second person tested is COVID-positive (the official figures are not correct!). The consequence of this are overcrowded hospitals (patients are lying in the corridors and at the entrances), lack of oxygen, far too few doctors and nursing staff - the situation is desperate, there is a lack of everything.
And there is a lack of money.
For those who are lucky enough to be admitted into hospital, a bed costs between CHF 55 and CHF 400 per day! Every doctor's visit, every medication – everything has to be paid extra. The poor cannot even afford a single mask for a few pennies.
For more than a year we have been distributing food in different parts of Kathmandu. But we need to do more! We are planning to set up a mobile clinic to care for people in their homes and to carry out hygiene and prevention work. For this we need your help! Your donation will support the purchase of an ambulance and urgently needed items such as oxygen, thermometers, pulse oximeters, masks, COVID-19 tests, vitamins, painkillers, etc. For all this we are hoping to fundraise CHF 50,000 / USD 55,000 / GBP 40,000.
We ask you today for your generous support so that we can help quickly where help is so urgently needed now. Thank you very much!

domain: medical


Reform of the Russian prison system needed
Human rights activists support the development of a model of prison centres
The Presidential Council for the Development of Civil Society and Human Rights has convened a special meeting on “ways of supervising prisoners while, at the same time, protecting their human rights”. At this session, proposals were put forward by the Russian Federal Prison Service (RFPS) on modernising the prisoners’ educational system, together with a new model for detention centres – in effect, an alternative to the present system, which has been in place for over 50 years.
Gennady Kornienko, Director of RFPS, emphasised the urgent need to strengthen psychological and educational efforts to help prepare prisoners for their re-entry into society. “Experience has shown that implementation of psychological and social programmes in prisons improves the effectiveness of the educational process, promotes better morale among prisoners and helps in their successful integration back into normal life.” Kornienko also stressed the importance of legislation in strengthening these elements within the prison management system.
Commenting on RFPS’s new experimental model, Anatoly Rudy, Deputy Director of Russia’s Prison Service, stated that, in his view, a regimented system was morally obsolete and ineffective. “We strongly believe in the need to work with prisoners on a one-to-one level as this is the best way of addressing issues associated with their criminal tendencies and psychological make-up.”
Rudy went on to say that there could be no talk of introducing an individual approach to prisoners’ welfare where there’s only one person in charge of a block of 100-150 people. Under the new model, there would be 5 prison staff responsible for 200 inmates within the detention centre. Implementing the new system will mean that prisoners are not left on their own and under constant staff supervision. According to Rudy, the experimental model is already being run in five prisons and has been subject to continual monitoring. The psychological climate around prisoners is changing for the better, adding that “long-term inmates” believe that the results of this new model in women’s and men’s prisons will become evident within six months and around one year respectively. “We all know this will be no easy task. Nevertheless, implementation of this new detention centre structure will, if successful, lead to revolutionary changes to the law.” Rudy has already invited members of a Presidential Council’s specialists’ working group to make their own assessment of the experiment’s progress and to offer suggestions for ways in which it can be improved.
Commenting on RFPS’s proposals, Andrey Babushkin, Chairman of the Presidential Council’s Standing Commission for Cooperation with NGOs and Reform of the Penal System, said: “I don’t mind saying that the human rights’ community has been waiting for such an initiative for the past 20 years. This is a big step in the right direction which means that people working in the penal system will not be responsible for their own workplace, or for numbers written down on a sheet of paper, but for achieving the aims of criminal punishment.
Babushkin added that the Presidential Council needs to lend its full support to both proposals from the Department, i.e. legislative underpinning of prisoners’ psychological and social rehabilitation, together with the experimental model for prison reform centres. He also emphasised his support for the idea that any number of RFPS staff can decide on the main ways of carrying out punishment. But, how the model eventually looks in reality will only become clear once human rights activists have had an opportunity of studying the model personally.
Babushkin has offered to introduce accreditation for non-profit associations and organisations engaged in social work with prisoners as a way of creating the necessary conditions for their work in reform institutions. This is, in his view, an important aspect of NGO work, namely participating in helping inmates and institutions. Babushkin has suggested introducing mandatory computer literacy training for prisoners, maintaining a 40-hour prison working week, and that inmates serve their sentence as close as possible to where they live.
The output from this special meeting will be in the form of a set of recommendations to be submitted to the Russian President.
Author: Georgy Ivanushkin


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After nearly two decades of searching the Valley of the Kings for undiscovered burial sites, British archaeologist Howard Carter stumbled upon King Tutankhamun’s tomb in the fall of 1922. The find and its ensuing shroud of mystery—the boy king’s suspicious, untimely death and the “curse” of the opened tomb—set off an Egyptian craze throughout the world.
Rumors spread. Newspapers perpetuated a fabricated story about a warning of doom said to be present in the tomb. A few months after the discovery, Carter’s financial backer, Lord Carnarvon, developed pneumonia and died. (Skeptics dismissed the connection, describing him as “in poor health” and, of all things, “elderly”—he expired at age 56.) Tempting fate, Carter and his team reportedly hacked up Tut’s remains to remove jewels and amulets placed in the body—cutting off the arms, legs, and head; sawing the torso in half; and using hot knives to pry the death mask off. (To the eternal disappointment of the superstitious, these desecrators lived their remaining days relatively unscathed.) The public embraced every turn of the mummy’s tale, developing a voracious appetite for all things designed in an Egyptian style, particularly jewelry and furniture.
Good examples of the latter are themselves becoming a rarity, and the best are replicas of the king’s throne—an elaborately carved and gilded specimen inlaid with semiprecious stones. A pair of circa-?1925 chairs is currently on offer at George Subkoff Antiques in Westport, Conn. Priced at $18,000 for the set, the seats are subtle depictions of the original, rendered in a fading gilded wood, with every line fatly carved, down to the lion-head finials crowning the front legs, the winged serpents on the arm panels, and the scene of Tut’s wife, Ankhesenamen—probably also his half sister and the daughter of Queen Nefertiti—anointing the king. Another painted-wood replica of Tut’s throne, which likely was made between 1926 and 1930, can be found at Decoratum in London. The chair is priced at $18,750 for its exquisite condition and detail; however, its provenance, like that of the circa-1925 pair, is unknown. “My trail of inquiries about the chair ended somewhat abruptly with an antiques dealer, now deceased,” says Allan Ress, Decoratum’s gallery director. “This should not imply in any way that the chair is cursed, as [his death] may simply have been a case of old age.”
An encore exhibition of 2005’s Tutankhamun and the Golden Age of the Pharaohs will be on view from June 27 through March 28, 2010, at San Francisco’s de Young Museum. Those who remember the death mask and throne from the first worldwide tour in the 1970s will find them conspicuously absent from the current exhibition; the Egyptian government has declared them too delicate to transport and has permanently placed them in the Egyptian Museum in Cairo. But other riches that have never traveled outside Egypt will be on display. One of these—a pectoral of gold and semiprecious stones in the form of a scarab, representing transformation—was meant to help usher the young king peacefully on his journey to eternal life.


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Q: My relatives is keen to acquire a seaside trip this summer but every lodge or getaway rental appears booked solid or at least $600 a night. Wherever can we go for an affordable seaside getaway?
A: This summer’s getaway options may be infinitely greater than last calendar year when Covid surges and tightly sealed borders sharply lessened the getaway solutions. But now that we can zip all-around the U.S. once more with relative ease and other countries are beginning to reduced the drawbridge, the mad scramble to flee the household is yielding an additional kind of angst. “We’re running into availability problems in the U.S. and there aren’t a lot of deals out there,” said Lindsey Epperly Sulek, founder of Atlanta-dependent Epperly Vacation. Ms. Epperly Sulek points to compression as the culprit—a mix of pent-up desire and significantly less stock due to the fact most travelers are nonetheless being stateside. “We’re observing sky-substantial selling prices in Hawaii and California and a feeding frenzy in Florida.” For the best-bang-for-your-seaside-buck, she suggests wanting just further than the U.S.: Mexico, the Dominican Republic and Jamaica, for example. Not only are they superior values, she explained, they are uncomplicated to entry. “Travel protocols to get into many countries improve by the hour,” she mentioned, “but those spots have been open up for a although so they really do not need to ramp up the runway.” Decided to continue to be in the U.S.? Deal-hunters would be wise to seem at much less typical beach destinations. “Northern Michigan is so stunningly attractive and most men and women don’t give it a 2nd thought,” explained Jill Taylor, a travel adviser at Chicago-based mostly Jet Established Earth Travel. “All the way up the coastline of Lake Michigan—northern Wisconsin too—is magnificent. You can nevertheless locate place at adorable minimal motels in July and August. And never ignore Chicago—there are seashores here as well and lots of great new motels.”
Q: My partner and I are tempted to go to the South of France in the future couple months. How can I make certain I get fully refunded if we come to a decision to cancel the excursion?
A: Most journey coverage guidelines now give protection for Covid-connected cancellations or vacation interruptions, but that protection only kicks in if you agreement coronavirus and are also ill to travel. They will not go over you if your location goes into lockdown or there is an alarming spike in scenarios. For that, you are going to need to have the dear “Cancel for Any Reason” plan, which can incorporate an supplemental 40% to your total vacation cost—and even then, you are going to only get up to 75% of your money again. Gary Leff, author of the travel blog Viewfromthewing.com, suggests that sort of policy is best for the moment-in-a-life time journeys in which the decline would be product. In any other case, just make certain you have the most versatile journey preparations, he said. “Avoid scheduling anything—flights, hotels—that isn’t totally cancelable. Pay near awareness to the deadlines and document all the things.”
SHARE YOUR Ideas
What inquiries do you have for Deborah about summer season travel? Be part of the conversation beneath.
Copyright ©2020 Dow Jones & Company, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 87990cbe856818d5eddac44c7b1cdeb8
Appeared in the June 12, 2021, print version as ‘Strategic Strategies to Help save on Summer months Escapes. (Hurry.).’

domain: geography


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The Vulture-class Droid Fighter is the backbone of the Separatist Navy and emblematic of its strategy: weak in isolation, but overwhelming in numbers. A sufficiently vast swarm of networked attackers form a cunning, sinister intelligence that can defeat even wise and powerful Jedi pilots.
The Vulture-class Droid Fighter Expansion Pack contains everything you need to begin building your own squadron of linked droid starfighters—most importantly, a beautifully pre-painted Vulture-class droid fighter miniature. Additionally, five ship cards give you the ability to outfit your droid fighter with distinct types of programming while five upgrade cards provide even more freedom to shape your squadron.
D: Aufgrund von Covid ist mit Verzögerungen der Lieferungen zu rechnen, die Produkte von Games Workshop und Warlord Games beinhalten. Darum können wir die angegebenen Lieferzeiten von Produkten, die wir nicht lokal an Lager haben, nicht immer einhalten.
E: Due to the Covid-Situation you have to expect delays of orders with products from Games Workshop and Warlord Games. As a result we are not always able to meet the specified delivery times for products that we do not have in stock locally.


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Very cute decor accent! Great find for a $1!
Project - Spring Jar Tealight Holder
posted 04/02/12 at 09:31 PM
Galleries: Home Decor
This sweet little jar was $1 at the craft store! Added an Echo Park sticker, a bit of twine, and a couple of chipboard buttons. Done!
Copyright © 1999-2014 It's Like This LLC. Two Peas in a Bucket is a trademark of It's Like This LLC. All Rights Reserved.


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“Heal Your Body Ecology with Fermented Foods (Includes Cooking Class)”
We all know our earth’s ecology is in big trouble. But did you know that the same ecological crisis is taking place inside your own body?
In this event Marcella will share with you the latest research on the vital role gut health plays in managing mood swings, stabilizing food cravings, and normalizing body weight. She’ll also teach you how to make super-simple, super-yummy fermented foods that will bring your body, mind, and soul back into its true, natural balance.
I’m not a licensed therapist or counselor. I’m a natural foods chef, cooking instructor, and meditation teacher. Unlike many dieticians, nutritionists, and therapists, what I teach about food is not theoretical; it’s embodied.
I love food. I can help you love it, too.
My qualifications for this work have come through my commitment to my own healing and to the privileges I’ve had to be of service to others:
As a therapeutic foods chef, I know from over 17 years of practice how to stand in someone’s presence and sense intuitively what foods will most deeply nourish them.
My culinary career began in 1994, when I escaped corporate America to cook for cloistered meditators at Gampo Abbey, Pema Chödrön’s buddhist monastery in Cape Breton, Nova Scotia.
While I was Chef at Five Sisters Ranch in Petaluma, California, I fed women who had come to heal their deepest heartbreak. Women who were too lovesick to get a meal down often told me they had a spiritual awakening from eating my food.
From 2005 to 2010 I was kitchen manager at Spirit Rock Meditation Center in Marin County, California, where I cooked for yogis deep in meditation and was regularly festooned with notes of gushing gratitude.

domain: food


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The purpose of the scheme is medium to long-term capital growth, with tax exemption on salaries. The program invests in equity and is the risk to PSU bonds and debentures as well as money market instruments. The scheme aims to provide income tax exemption to investors as well as the increase of capital. This scheme rated as a moderately high risk. An investor can invest through the SIP route, and minimum lump sum amount is Rs 500
It is a tax saver mutual fund scheme from Franklin Templeton Mutual Fund. We mostly invest in this scheme due to its tax saving feature. The Franklin Templeton tax shield direct growth scheme is currently managed by Lakshmikant Reddy and R Janakiraman and launched in India on 1 January 2013. Its AUM is around Rs 4,123.88 crore, and the latest level of NAV is around Rs. 613.152 as of 31 January 2020.
Here you can see Franklin Templeton tax shield direct growth scheme Return Performance
• 7.97% in the last year.
• 29.29% in the previous three years.
• 152.71% since the commencement of the scheme.
• You can start an SIP investment with a minimum of Rs 500.
- A deduction of 1.5 lack will be tax-free under 80C
- Three years lock.
- Returns will be taxed at 10%.
You will comfortably beat the inflation rate if you want to save for five years or longer and you are better off than fixed-income options. But be ready to invest, as your value fluctuates. Besides that, you will receive tax exemption on the amount invested under Section 80C as per Indian Income Tax law. Under this clause, In the financial year up to Rs 1,5 lakh is invested during qualifying shares, such as this fund is exempt from taxation.
However, bear in mind that you cannot withdraw money from this fund until three years have elapsed from the start of the investment. As with all equity funds, you will need to participate in this scheme by SIP.
Taxation of Income: Capital gains
- If an investor sells his mutual fund units after one year from the investment start date, when you receive up to Rs 1 lakh in your financial year, then that amount is exempt from tax. When you earn more than Rs 1 lakh, you will be taxed at a rate of 10%.
- When you sell your mutual fund unit within one year of the investment date, the money you collect will be taxed at a rate of 15%.
- As long as you continue to operate the units, there will be no tax.
Keep in mind: If your investment has to be redempted in less than five years, do not invest in this or any other ELSS scheme.

domain: finance


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It’s well-known that Nandamuri Balakrishna will be acting in a biopic on his father and legendary actor NT Ramarao. Titled NTR, the film will be directed by Teja and produced jointly by Vishnu Induri, Sai Korrapati and Balakrishna himself.
As per the latest updates, the film’s unit will be kick-starting the shoot tomorrow. The unit will start off shooting for a special teaser, which will be unveiled on January 18 to coincide with NTR’s death anniversary. Balayya will shoot for the teaser tomorrow, before he heads to Hindupur on the 29th. The teaser will be shot at Ramakrishna Studios, Nacharam.
Articles that might interest you:
- Nani’s second home production gets an interesting title
- Mahesh unveils his first ad with family
- Like Khakhee, Khaidi will also remain in audiences’ hearts
- Sandeep Reddy Vanga walks out of Lust Stories’ Telugu remake
- Pawan Kalyan to attend this much-talked-about biopic’s pre-release event?
- Nani’s film with Vishwak Sen to be launched tomorrow

domain: entertainment


August 31, 2011
Provider Profile: London Dial-A-Ride
LONDON - Dial-a-Ride is a free door-to-door transport service for those with a permanent or long-term disability who are unable to use the regular fixed route public transit in London. Dial-a-Ride is a public service provided by Transport for London. The first video below, examines some of the current challenges facing Dial-a-Ride through interviews with users, service administrators, drivers, politicians such as Caroline Pidgeon, and disability community advocate organizations such as Transport for All. The second (circa 1984) video shows some of the history and background of London's Dial-a-Ride. For more information see: London's Dial-a-Ride for Disabled 'Not Cost-Efficient" (BBC). To find other accessible transportation services see: U.K. Dial-A-Ride Services.
Labels: United Kingdom


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I need to design a universal analog input module .I have referred to CN-0209.But I could not understand the purpose of ADG442 used in the circuit.Can I get help?
My maximum input is ±10V.I am planning to take the output from AD8275 to an Arduino Due board(the maximum voltage that its input pins can handle is 3.3V).I am not planning to use AD7193.Sorry Sir,I could not get your point in your previous post.
1. Should AD8226 be placed at the ouput of AD8676?
2. If the above attenuation circuit is used from where will I generate 2.5 V?
3. Can the same circuit of CN-0209 be used(till AD8275) but ,how can I scale down the output of AD8275 to below 3.3V.The output of AD8275 can be varied by changing its reference voltage,right?If so,the required reference has to be generated by REF194,right?If I use REF198 I can get an output of 4.096V,which when used as the reference for AD8275 gives output of 2.048V which would meet my requirements.But then how will I generate the 2.25V which is to be given to AD8617?
4. Or is it advisable to use a resistive divider at the output of AD8275 so as to bring down its output to less than 3.3V.In this case the circuit need not be modified,just it involves the addition of a resistive divider,right?
5.Also, can I know the PCB board size used for CN-0209 circuit?

domain: hobby


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Listed below are the best fishing lakes near Estell Manor. Our fishing community has rated these lakes as having the best fishing via their submitted fishing reports. To find more detailed information click on the lakes name. The lake page contains a fishing map with catch photos, fishing spots and other nearby features as well as fishing reports and general information about the lake.
Estell Manor is a small town in Atlantic County New Jersey, United States Of America. Local anglers have a select list of lakes to chose from when looking to land that massive lunker. Of the 47 lakes nearby, these are some of the best; Lake Lenape, Laurel Lake, Silver Lake, Egg Harbor City Lake, Marsh Lake, Hospitality Lake, Nescochague Lake, Palatine Lake, Wilson Lake and Garrison Lake. For those anglers preferring to fish in rivers, creeks and streams, they will find the area around Estell Manor offers about 560 options within 50 km. Some of these rivers are Stephen Creek, Jackson Creek, James Branch, Mathews Run, Perch Cove Run, South River, Gibson Creek, Powell Creek, Pole Bridge Branch and Warners Mill Stream.


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Harare – Coca-Cola plans to end a bottling deal with brewer Delta Corporation as Anheuser-Busch InBev NV becomes the biggest shareholder in Zimbabwe’s largest company.
The move may have “a material impact on the company’s business”, Harare-based Delta said in an emailed statement on Thursday.
The maker of Chibuku sorghum beer was about 23 percent-owned by SABMiller, taken over by AB InBev in a $103 billion deal to create the world’s largest brewer last month.
Coca-Cola has also signalled an intent to buy out AB InBev from an African bottling joint venture originally agreed to with SABMiller. AB InBev’s ultimate goal is possible acquisition of Atlanta-based Coca-Cola, HSBC said in a note on September 29.