text:
United States District Court, D. Arizona
ORDER DEATH PENALTY CASE
Honorable John J. Tuchi United States District Judge.
the Court is the petition for writ of habeas corpus filed by
Steven Newell, an Arizona death row inmate. (Doc. 38.)
Respondents filed an answer and Newell filed a reply. (Docs.
45, 52.) For the reasons set forth below, the Court denies
sexually assaulted and murdered eight-year-old Elizabeth
Byrd. The following factual summary of the crimes is taken
from the opinion of the Arizona Supreme Court in State v.
Newell, 212 Ariz. 389, 393-96, 132 P.3d 833, 837-40
morning of May 23, 2001, a neighbor saw Elizabeth walking
toward school with Newell following closely behind. About an
hour later, a Salt River Project (“SRP”) employee
working in a field near the school came upon someone standing
in an irrigation ditch. The person turned and looked at him
and then ran away. The employee noticed a piece of green
carpeting in the water near where the person had been
afternoon, Elizabeth's mother arrived home to find that
Elizabeth had not returned from school. When Elizabeth did
not come home that night, the police were called. The
officers were told that Elizabeth had not been in school that
day. A missing persons report was called in.
next morning, while searching the field near the school,
Phoenix Police Department officers discovered a child's
shoe, a children's book, a black purse or knapsack, a
pair of socks, and a coin purse. That afternoon, a detective
from the Maricopa County Sheriff's Office discovered
Elizabeth's body in an irrigation ditch in the field,
rolled up in green carpeting. Shoe prints were found along
that day, the SRP employee went to the Sheriff's office
after seeing a news report about the investigation. He was
shown a photographic lineup, but did not identify anyone in
the lineup as the person he had seen in the ditch.
autopsy revealed bruising on Elizabeth's hands, wrists,
and forearms. A ligature was still tied around
Elizabeth's neck, and there were abrasions on the left
side of her neck, consistent with fingers grasping at the
ligature trying to remove it. She also had bruising and an
abrasion on her face.
autopsy also revealed evidence of sexual assault.
Elizabeth's vulva was bruised and the vaginal tract had
abrasions, with a tear on the side of one of the abrasions.
medical examiner concluded that Elizabeth died from
asphyxiation due to ligature strangulation. Once the ligature
had been tightened, Elizabeth likely died within a minute or
two. The medical examiner further determined that it was
likely that Elizabeth had stopped breathing before she was
placed in the water.
underwear, along with blood, bone, and tissue samples, were
collected and sent to the Department of Public Safety
(“DPS”) lab for testing.
detective from the Maricopa County Sheriff's Office
contacted Newell on May 27, 2001. Newell agreed to come to
the station to be interviewed. He was asked about the day of
Elizabeth's disappearance and if he knew anything that
might be helpful to the investigation. Newell described what
he did that day but made no incriminating statements.
was contacted again by a detective at Elizabeth's funeral
on June 2, 2001. Newell voluntarily went to the station and
again answered questions about his activities at the time of
Elizabeth's disappearance. During the interview,
Newell's shoes were taken to be compared with the
footprints at the ditch. Two days later, an analyst from the
Sheriff's office concluded that it was “highly
probable” that the footprints at the crime scene had
been made by Newell's shoes.
evening of June 4, two detectives contacted Newell and asked
if he would consent to another interview. Newell agreed.
Shortly after 8:00 p.m., the detectives began questioning
him. The interrogation was videotaped.
initially denied having anything to do with Elizabeth's
death. Eventually, however, he acknowledged that he had been
with her in the field on the morning of her disappearance. He
admitted he had grabbed her and placed her between his legs
while he rubbed up against her, causing him to ejaculate. He
also acknowledged placing her in the water. When he saw the
SRP employee, he covered Elizabeth with the carpeting and ran
off. Newell maintained that Elizabeth was alive when he left
her in the ditch and denied sexually abusing her. He was
taken to jail on the morning of June 5, 2001.
that day, the SRP employee was shown another photo lineup,
which included a picture of Newell. This time he identified
Newell as the person he had seen in the ditch.
criminalist with the DPS conducted an analysis on
Elizabeth's underwear. Semen was found inside, and DNA
analysis established that Newell was the source.
convicted Newell of first-degree murder, sexual conduct with
a minor, and kidnapping. He was sentenced to death on the
first-degree murder conviction.
Arizona Supreme Court affirmed the convictions and sentences.
Newell, 212 Ariz. at 393-96, 132 P.3d at 837-40.
2009, Newell filed a petition for post-conviction relief
(“PCR”), raising allegations of ineffective
assistance of counsel. The PCR court denied relief after
holding an evidentiary hearing. In 2012, the Arizona Supreme
Court denied Newell's petition for review.
filed his petition for writ of habeas corpus in this Court on
July 3, 2013. (Doc. 38.) Newell filed a motion for
evidentiary development, which the Court denied. (Doc. 65.)
habeas claims are analyzed under the Antiterrorism and
Effective Death Penalty Act (“AEDPA”). Under the
AEDPA, a petitioner is not entitled to habeas relief on any
claim adjudicated on the merits in state court unless the
state court's adjudication (1) resulted in a decision
that was contrary to, or involved an unreasonable application
of, clearly established federal law or (2) resulted in a
decision that was based on an unreasonable determination of
the facts in light of the evidence presented in state court.
28 U.S.C. § 2254(d).
Supreme Court has emphasized that “an
unreasonable application of federal law is different
from an incorrect application of federal law.”
Williams v. Taylor, 529 U.S. 362, 410 (2000). Under
§ 2254(d)(1), “[a] state court's determination
that a claim lacks merit precludes federal habeas relief so
long as ‘fairminded jurists could disagree' on the
correctness of the state court's decision.”
Harrington v. Richter, 562 U.S. 86, 101 (2011).
“[A] state prisoner must show that the state
court's ruling on the claim being presented in federal
court was so lacking in justification that there was an error
well understood and comprehended in existing law beyond any
possibility for fairminded disagreement.” Id.
§ 2254(d)(2), a state court's factual determination
is presumed correct and a petitioner bears the burden of
overcoming that presumption with clear and convincing
evidence. 28 U.S.C. § 2254(e)(1). Satisfying §
2254(d)(2) is a “daunting” burden, “one
that will be satisfied in relatively few cases.”
Taylor v. Maddox, 366 F.3d 992, 1000 (9th Cir.
2004). A state court's “factual determination is
not unreasonable merely because [a] federal habeas court
would have reached a different conclusion in the first
instance.” Wood v. Allen, 558 U.S. 290, 301
(2010). Instead, a federal habeas court “must be
convinced that an appellate panel, applying the normal
standards of appellate review, could not reasonably conclude
that the finding is supported by the record.”
Taylor, 366 F.3d at 1000.
Cullen v. Pinholster, 563 U.S. 170, 181 (2011), the
Court reiterated that “review under § 2254(d)(1)
is limited to the record that was before the state court that
adjudicated the claim on the merits.” See Murray
(Robert) v. Schriro, 745 F.3d 984, 998 (9th Cir. 2014)
(“Along with the significant deference AEDPA requires
us to afford state courts' decisions, AEDPA also
restricts the scope of the evidence that we can rely on in
the normal course of discharging our responsibilities under
claims not adjudicated on the merits in state court, federal
review is generally not available when the claims have been
denied pursuant to an independent and adequate state
procedural rule. Coleman v. Thompson, 501 U.S. 722,
750 (1991). In Arizona, there are two avenues for petitioners
to exhaust federal constitutional claims: direct appeal and
PCR proceedings. Rule 32 of the Arizona Rules of Criminal
Procedure governs PCR proceedings and provides that a
petitioner is precluded from relief on any claim that could
have been raised on appeal or in a prior PCR petition. Ariz.
R. Crim. P. 32.2(a)(3).
unexhausted and defaulted claims, “federal habeas
review . . . is barred unless the prisoner can demonstrate
cause for the default and actual prejudice as a result of the
alleged violation of federal law, or demonstrate that failure
to consider the claims will result in a fundamental
miscarriage of justice.” Coleman, 501 U.S. at
750. Coleman further held that ineffective
assistance of counsel in PCR proceedings does not establish
cause for the procedural default of a claim. Id.
Martinez v. Ryan, 566 U.S. 1 (2012), however, the
Court established a “narrow exception” to the
rule announced in Coleman. Under Martinez,
a petitioner may establish cause for the procedural default
of an ineffective assistance claim “by demonstrating
two things: (1) ‘counsel in the initial-review
collateral proceeding, where the claim should have been
raised, was ineffective under the standards of
Strickland . . .' and (2) ‘the underlying
ineffective-assistance-of-trial-counsel claim is a
substantial one, which is to say that the prisoner must
demonstrate that the claim has some merit.'”
Cook v. Ryan, 688 F.3d 598, 607 (9th Cir. 2012)
(quoting Martinez, 566 U.S. at 14); see
Clabourne v. Ryan, 745 F.3d 362, 377 (9th Cir. 2014),
overruled on other grounds by McKinney v. Ryan, 813
F.3d 798 (9th Cir. 2015). The Ninth Circuit has explained
that “PCR counsel would not be ineffective for failure
to raise an ineffective assistance of counsel claim with
respect to trial counsel who was not constitutionally
ineffective.” Sexton v. Cozner, 679 F.3d 1150,
1157 (9th Cir. 2012).
applies only to claims of ineffective assistance of trial
counsel; it has not been expanded to other types of claims.
Pizzuto v. Ramirez, 783 F.3d 1171, 1177 (9th Cir.
2015) (explaining that the Ninth Circuit has “not
allowed petitioners to substantially expand the scope of
Martinez beyond the circumstances present in
Martinez”); Hunton v. Sinclair, 732
F.3d 1124, 1126-27 (9th Cir. 2013) (denying petitioner's
argument that Martinez permitted the resuscitation
of a procedurally defaulted Brady claim, holding
that only the Supreme Court could expand the application of
Martinez to other areas); see Davila v.
Davis, 137 S.Ct. 2058, 2062-63 (2017) (explaining that
the Martinez exception does not apply to claims of
ineffective assistance of appellate counsel).
Court will first address Newell's claims of ineffective
assistance of trial counsel. The Court will then discuss
Newell's remaining exhausted claims. Finally, the Court
will address Newell's unexhausted claims.
Ineffective Assistance of Counsel
of ineffective assistance of counsel are governed by the
principles set forth in Strickland v. Washington,
466 U.S. 668 674 (1984). To prevail under
Strickland, a petitioner must show that
counsel's representation fell below an objective standard
of reasonableness and that the deficiency prejudiced the
defense. Id. at 687-88.
inquiry under Strickland is highly deferential, and
“every effort [must] be made to eliminate the
distorting effects of hindsight, to reconstruct the
circumstances of counsel's challenged conduct, and to
evaluate the conduct from counsel's perspective at the
time.” Id. at 689; see Wong v.
Belmontes, 558 U.S. 15 (2009) (per curiam); Bobby v.
Van Hook, 558 U.S. 4 (2009) (per curiam); Cox v.
Ayers, 613 F.3d 883, 893 (9th Cir. 2010). To satisfy
Strickland's first prong, a defendant must
overcome “the presumption that, under the
circumstances, the challenged action might be considered
sound trial strategy.” 466 U.S. at 689. “The test
has nothing to do with what the best lawyers would have done.
Nor is the test even what most good lawyers would have done.
We ask only whether some reasonable lawyer at the trial could
have acted, in the circumstances, as defense counsel acted at
trial.” White v. Singletary, 972 F.2d 1218,
1220 (11th Cir. 1992)
respect to Strickland's second prong, a
petitioner must affirmatively prove prejudice by
“show[ing] that there is a reasonable probability that,
but for counsel's unprofessional errors, the result of
the proceeding would have been different. A reasonable
probability is a probability sufficient to undermine
confidence in the outcome.” 466 U.S. at 694.
Strickland's high bar is never an easy task,
” Padilla v. Kentucky, 559 U.S. 356, 371
(2010), and “[e]stablishing that a state court's
application of Strickland was unreasonable under
§ 2254(d) is all the more difficult.”
Richter, 562 U.S. at 105. As the Court explained in
Even under de novo review, the standard for judging
counsel's representation is a most deferential one.
Unlike a later reviewing court, the attorney observed the
relevant proceedings, knew of materials outside the record,
and interacted with the client, with opposing counsel, and
with the judge. It is “all too tempting” to
“second-guess counsel's assistance after conviction
or adverse sentence.” [Strickland, 466 U.S.]
at 689. The question is whether an attorney's
representation amounted to incompetence under
“prevailing professional norms, ” not whether it
deviated from best practices or most common custom.
[Id.] at 690.
Establishing that a state court's application of
Strickland was unreasonable under § 2254(d) is
all the more difficult. The standards created by
Strickland and § 2254(d) are both “highly
deferential, ” and when the two apply in tandem, review
is “doubly” so. The Strickland standard
is a general one, so the range of reasonable applications is
substantial. Federal habeas courts must guard against the
danger of equating unreasonableness under Strickland
with unreasonableness under § 2254(d). When §
2254(d) applies, the question is not whether counsel's
actions were reasonable. The question is whether there is any
reasonable argument that counsel satisfied
Strickland's deferential standard.
Id. (additional citations omitted); see Knowles
v. Mirzayance, 556 U.S. 111, 123 (2009) (discussing
“doubly deferential judicial review that applies to a
Strickland claim under the § 2254(d)(1)
raises several claims of ineffective assistance of counsel at
sentencing. He alleges that counsel failed to investigate,
obtain, and present mitigation evidence from lay and expert
witnesses. The categories of omitted mitigating evidence
include Newell's “upbringing amid a
multi-generational history of violence”; severe and
chronic drug addiction and “the effects of drug use at
the time of the crime”; family history of instability,
neglect, and physical, mental, emotional, and sexual abuse;
and mental and cognitive impairments. The PCR court denied
these claims on the merits. (ME 1/12/12 at
claims are interlinked. The discussion that follows
encompasses the Court's resolution of all of Newell's
allegations of ineffective assistance of counsel at
trial, Newell's counsel retained three experts who
examined Newell. Dr. Pablo Stewart, a forensic psychiatrist,
diagnosed Newell with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD),
major depressive disorder, Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity
Disorder (ADHD), cognitive disorder not otherwise specified
(NOS), and polysubstance dependence. (Doc. 59-4, Ex. 39.) Dr.
John Wicks, a clinical neuropsychologist, diagnosed Newell
with ADHD, polysubstance abuse and dependence, and cognitive
disorder NOS. (Doc. 59-5, Ex. 43.) Dr. Richard Lanyon, a
psychologist, diagnosed Newell with severe methamphetamine
abuse and severe borderline personality disorder. (Doc. 59-6,
September 10, 2003, the State filed a Request for Disclosure
of Mitigation Evidence. (ROA 67.) The court ordered the
defense to disclose its mitigation witnesses and evidence by
the beginning of November 2003. On November 20, 2003 the
State filed a renewed motion for disclosure and indicated
that it intended to retain an expert witness to examine
Newell. (ROA 98.) Newell filed an objection based on his
Fifth, Sixth, and Fourteenth Amendment rights. (ROA 100.)
trial court granted the State's motion. (ROA 105.) Newell
filed a request to stay in order to file a special action.
The trial court denied the request. (RT 12/12/03 at 14.)
Newell then filed a special action and sought a stay in the
Arizona Supreme Court. He cited Phillips v. Araneta,
208 Ariz. 280, 93 P.3d 480 (2004), a special action the
supreme court had accepted to consider whether a court could
compel a defendant to participate in a mental health
examination with the State's expert. (ROA 115.)
January 7, 2004, the Arizona Supreme Court denied the stay
and issued an order to the trial court. (Id.) The
order gave the trial court discretion to order Newell to
submit to the State's mental-health examination, as long
as no information gained during the examination would be used
in “a manner or for a purpose that contravene[d]
[Newell]'s privilege against self-incrimination.”
(Id.) The court further ordered that no information
gained during the examination could be used in any criminal
proceeding, except on issues raised by Newell in the penalty
phase. Finally, the order specified that if Newell refused to
cooperate, the trial court had the discretion to preclude him
from presenting expert evidence on the issue of his mental
Newell refused to submit to the examination, and the trial
court precluded all mental health evidence. (ROA 112.)
30, 2004, after Petitioner's trial and sentencing, the
Arizona Supreme Court issued its opinion in
Phillips, holding that once a defendant puts his
mental health in issue “during the penalty phase of a
capital trial, ” a trial court may order the defendant
to submit to a mental examination by the State's expert.
208 Ariz. at 283, 93 P.3d at 483.
called seven witnesses to present mitigating evidence on
Newell's behalf. The witnesses included Newell's
mother, stepfather, sister, aunts, and neighbors familiar
with Newell's upbringing.
mother, Kathy, testified that she dropped out of school after
eighth grade. (RT 2/23/04, a.m., at 42.) She began using
drugs at age 25. (Id.)
testified that Newell never knew his biological father.
(Id. at 43.) Newell spent much of his early
childhood living with his maternal grandmother, Eula.
(Id. at 43- 45.) This was the most stable period in
his life. (Id. at 44.) Nevertheless, while living at
Eula's house, Newell was sexually abused at age eight or
nine, when a 12-year-old neighbor attempted to sodomize him.
(Id. at 50.) Kathy testified to a possible second,
later, incident of attempted sexual abuse perpetrated by a
babysitter who also attempted to molest Newell's sister.
(Id. at 51-52.)
Newell was 15 or 16 months old, Kathy moved with her
boyfriend, Ken Offlick, to Ohio. (Id. at 43.)
Offlick beat her and Newell. They moved to a shelter before
returning to Phoenix and moving back in with Eula.
(Id. at 45.)
Newell was around eight years old, Kathy married Richard
Lincks. Soon thereafter they moved to Las Vegas with Newell
and his sister. (Id. at 46.) When Lincks, also a
drug user, lost his job in Las Vegas he returned to Phoenix
alone, leaving Kathy and the children homeless. (Id.
at 47.) The family spent some time living in a vacant field.
and Lincks were both arrested on drug charges in 1998 when
Newell was 18. (Id. at 48.) Lincks was sentenced to
three years for manufacturing methamphetamine while Kathy was
placed on probation. (Id.) Because of the drug use
and their financial problems, Kathy and Richard fought often,
sometimes in front of Newell and his sister. (Id. at
Kathy testified that she remembered a period when Newell
engaged in self-harm, cutting and burning himself. (RT
2/23/04, p.m., at 16.)
stepfather, Richard Lincks, also testified that he and Kathy
would get high and fight. (Id. at 20-21.) He
acknowledged smoking methamphetamine with Newell when Newell
was in the seventh grade. (Id. at 28-29.) They
smoked meth together on several occasions. (Id. at
Newell, Newell's older sister, testified while the family
was living with Eula, Kathy would “just
disappear” for periods. (Id. at 44.) After
Eula died, the family moved a lot. (Id. at 40.)
Their parents used drugs together and fought in front of
Newell and Tracy. (Id. at 46, 48.) Tracy testified
that she and Newell were raised in the “drug
life” and it was all they ever knew. (Id. at
Lou Trundle, Eula's neighbor, testified that Kathy did
not do much parenting. (Id. at 55.) Newell spent
time at Trundle's house because his mother was not
around. (Id. at 56.)
Whitely testified her daughter was Newell's girlfriend
when he was 14. (Id. at 60.) She allowed Newell and
her daughter to live together in a trailer on her property.
(Id.) Ginger used and manufactured methamphetamine.
(Id. at 62.)
sisters Sherry Osborn and Connie Hendrick testified that
Kathy used drugs and was an irresponsible parent. Osborn
testified that Newell came to stay with her when he was 12
but she had to ask him to leave after three days because he
could not follow the rules. (Id. at 75.) Osborn
believed that Newell's mother had never set any rules for
him to follow. (Id. at 76.) Hendrick testified that
Newell's mother did not call the police after the
incident of alleged sexual abuse by a neighbor boy.
(Id. at 80-81.) Hendrick also testified that she had
heard about Newell cutting and burning himself. (Id.
counsel then presented an offer of proof regarding the
proposed testimony of Dr. Stewart, who diagnosed Newell with
“posttraumatic stress disorder as a result of his
physical abuse he suffered as a child and the physical and
emotional abandonment, the drug use, and as evidences by his
self-mutilation and burning.” (Id. at 88-89.)
Counsel also stated that he believed Dr. Stewart's
testimony could provide a connection between Newell's
background and the crimes. (Id. at 89.)
PCR petition, Newell alleged that trial counsel performed
ineffectively at sentencing by failing to present
“substantial mitigation evidence, ” failing to
present expert testimony regarding Newell's mental health
and its connection to the crimes, failing to request an
expert on addiction and poly-substance abuse, failing to
subpoena certain witnesses to testify at the penalty phase,
and being unprepared to challenge the testimony of a
probation officer who testified in rebuttal for the State.
(Doc. 58-1, Ex. 21.) The PCR court granted an evidentiary
hearing on these claims and dismissed the remaining claims in
the petition. (ME 3/10/10.)
hearing, Newell presented testimony from lead counsel Bruce
Peterson and second chair Tim Agan. Peterson testified he
took the case over from another attorney early in the
proceedings. (RT 3/3/11 at 9-10.) Prior counsel had retained
a mitigation specialist and one expert, Dr. Wicks, but not
much mitigation work had been done when Peterson took over
the case. (Id. at 10.) Peterson retained two
additional experts, Drs. Lanyon and Stewart. (Id.)
discussed their decision not to permit Newell to be examined
by the State's mental health expert. They testified that
they were “flying blind” because this was their
first trial since Ring and there was no direct authority
to guide their decision about whether to allow Petitioner to
be examined by an independent expert before the guilt phase
of trial. (See RT 3/3/11 at 11-15, 36-39.) Peterson
testified that in addition to seeking guidance by filing a
special action, he consulted with colleagues and supervisors
about the issue, but there was no “consensus among the
defense bar” as to whether counsel should allow Newell
to be examined by a State expert. (Id. at 13.) He
could not say that he made a “strategic decision”
in refusing to let Newell be examined, “because we
didn't know the rule.” (Id.) He testified
that he did not want Newell to be examined without counsel
also called Dr. Edward French, a pharmacologist retained
during the PCR proceedings, who testified about the
behavioral effects of methamphetamine. Dr. French did not
examine Newell but opined that methamphetamine affected
Newell's ability to control his actions at the time of
the crimes. (Id. at 69, 74.) He also testified that
the effects of chronic methamphetamine use can include
depression, hallucinations, aggressive behavior, and possible
brain damage. (Id. at 66.)
Newell called Dr. Stewart, who performed a pretrial
psychological examination of Newell. Dr. Stewart testified
that Newell suffered from PTSD caused by a number of events
Newell experienced in his childhood, including sexual abuse,
his mother's neglect, and witnessing his mother being
physically abused. (RT 3/4/11 at 33.) Dr. Stewart also
diagnosed Newell with ADHD and cognitive disorder NOS.
(Id. at 34.) These conditions also affected his
executive functioning, causing him to act impulsively and
make poor choices. (Id. at 48, 60.) Dr. Stewart
further explained that Newell's conditions, which were
never treated, predisposed him to substance abuse, with
Newell using drugs to deal with the symptoms of his
disorders. (Id. at 48-49.)
addition to the testimony of Dr. Stewart, Newell presented
reports from the experts retained by trial counsel, Drs.
Lanyon and Wicks, discussed above, and a declaration by Dr.
Karen Froming, a neuropsychologist who examined Newell in
October 2008. Dr. Froming highlighted Newell's
dysfunctional childhood and traumatic experiences and
concluded that Newell's IQ was average but he suffered
from attentional and severe memory disorder. (Doc. 59-5, Ex.
parties also stipulated to the admission of the
neuropsychological report of Dr. Kiran Amin, an expert
retained by the State. (RT 6/10/11 at 4.) Dr. Amin found that
Newell presented himself as chronically maladjusted and
suspicious of others, with difficulty conforming to social
norms and accepting responsibility for his actions. (Doc.
58-9, Ex. 31, Exhibit “C.”) Dr. Amin found that
Newell likely feigned symptoms of neurologic and amnestic
disorders and possibly feigned psychotic and affective
disorder symptoms. (Id.)
State then called Dr. Steven Pitt, a forensic psychiatrist.
(Id. at 7.) Dr. Pitt noted Newell's history of
drug abuse and diagnosed him with depressive disorder NOS;
personality disorder NOS with antisocial traits; and a
“rule out” diagnosis of pedophilia. (Id.
at 16, 35-39.) Dr. Pitt did not note any cognitive
difficulties. (Id. at 17.)
Pitt opined that Newell's drug use and mental conditions
were not causally connected to the sexual assault and murder,
and that Newell's behavior at the time of the crimes was
conscious and purposeful. (Id. at 30-35.) After
sexually assaulting and strangling Elizabeth, Newell fled
after seeing the SRP worker, washed his clothes and shoes,
and later attended Elizabeth's funeral, participated in
the search for her body, and asked people to concoct an alibi
for him. (Id. at 35.) These were the behaviors of
someone “acutely aware of their conduct.”
Pitt noted the “huge inconsistency” in
Newell's accounts of his drug use at the time of the
crimes and expressed skepticism about Newell's claim that
just prior to the crimes he had attempted to kill himself
with an injection of heroin. (Id. at 19, 34.) Dr.
Pitt also opined that Newell was malingering with respect to
his inability to recall certain details of the crimes.
(Id. at 35-36.)
court denied relief. It found that trial counsel's
decision not to allow Newell to be examined by the
State's expert-thereby forfeiting the opportunity to
present expert mental health evidence at sentencing-did not
constitute deficient performance because the decision was
supported by strategic grounds: counsel's good faith
belief that allowing Newell to be interviewed by the
State's experts would violate his Fifth and Sixth
Amendment rights, and the fact that presenting mental health
evidence would have opened the door to unfavorable rebuttal
evidence from the State. (ME 1/12/12 at 4.)
court also found that Newell was not prejudiced by
counsel's performance at sentencing because the omitted
mental health evidence was “somewhat cumulative”
to the evidence presented at trial and was susceptible to
impeachment by the State's experts. (Id. at 8.)
The impeachment evidence “would have affected the
weight the jury would have afforded the mental health
experts' opinions.” (Id. at 9.)
court's rejection of these claims was neither contrary to
nor an unreasonable application of Strickland, nor
was it based on an unreasonable determination of the facts.
First, the allegation that counsel performed ineffectively in
presenting expert evidence is premised on the argument that
counsel performed deficiently by not allowing Newell to
submit to an examination by the State's expert. As noted,
the PCR court found that counsel's decision was supported
by strategic considerations meant to protect Newell from the
presentation of damaging new information.
choices made after thorough investigation of law and facts
relevant to plausible options are virtually
unchallengeable.” Strickland, 446 U.S at 690.
While trial counsel would not characterize their decision as
“strategic, ” due to their uncertainty about the
applicable rules, their testimony during the PCR hearing
demonstrated that the decision was informed and rational,
based on research and consultation with other defense
attorneys. See Mirzayance, 556 U.S. at 125-26
(finding no deficient performance where decision to drop
insanity defense was not made rashly but reached after
counsel carefully weighed their options). Moreover, as the
PCR court recognized (ME 1/12/12 at 4), “the rule that
an attorney is not liable for an error of judgment on an
unsettled proposition of law is universally
recognized.” Smith v. Singletary, 170 F.3d
1051, 1054 (11th Cir. 1999).
the Ninth Circuit has explained that “even where there
is a strong basis for a mental defense, an attorney may
forego that defense where the attorney's experts would be
subject to cross-examination based on equally persuasive
psychiatric opinions that reach a different
conclusion.” Hendricks v. Calderon, 70 F.3d
1032, 1038 (9th Cir. 1995) (citing Harris v.
Vasquez, 949 F.2d 1497, 1525 (9th Cir. 1990)); see
Mickey v. Ayers, 606 F.3d 1223, 1246 (9th Cir. 2010)
(explaining “it is not deficient to refuse to join a
battle royale of experts”). As discussed below, the
opinions of Newell's experts were ripe for impeachment.
counsel's performance at sentencing was “well
within the range of professionally reasonable
judgments.” Van Hook, 558 U.S. at 12 (quoting
Strickland, 466 U.S. at 699). In Van Hook,
defense counsel spoke with the defendant's mother,
father, aunt, and a family friend; met with two expert
witnesses; reviewed military and medical records; and
considered retaining a mitigation specialist. Id. at
9-10. Counsel presented mitigating evidence about the
defendant's traumatic childhood and his impairment on the
day of the crime. Id. The Court found that the scope
of counsel's investigation was reasonable even though
counsel did not interview all of the defendant's
relatives or the psychiatrist who treated his mother.
Id. at 11. By this standard, the performance of
Newell's counsel was also reasonable.
counsel's performance were deficient, Newell cannot show
prejudice. The PCR court cited several grounds for its
determination that Newell was not prejudiced by counsel's
performance at sentencing. The court found that the omitted
mitigating evidence was largely self-reported by Newell,
often cumulative, and sometimes inconsistent with other
testimony. (ME 1/12/12 at 5-6.) The new mitigation evidence
was also impeachable and would have opened the door to
damaging rebuttal testimony by the State's experts.
(Id. at 8-9.)
ruling does not satisfy the doubly deferential standard that
applies to Strickland claims under the AEDPA. First,
the evidence available through the testimony of lay
witnesses, such as details about Newell's dysfunctional
family background and history of drug abuse, would have been


10-20K/12-24K Type SS 2 Way Suspension Kit with Pillowball Upper Mounts
2007-2013 BMW M3
As Aragosta’s flagship coilover, the Type SS is specifically designed for track-focused applications, providing a variety of custom spring rate options. These coilovers come equipped with 2-way remote reservoirs to counteract damper oil heat soak and individual adjustability for compression and rebound settings. The Type-SS also incorporates low-friction, WPC-treated inverted struts, height-adjustable Rana springs, Kashima-coated forged aluminum cylinders, specially formulated synthetic damper fluid, and Aragosta’s distinctive low friction seals.
Aragosta Suspension is a premium manufacturer specializing in the development and production of high-performance suspension systems. With a strong commitment to quality and innovation, the company has consistently produced advanced products that enhance vehicle dynamics and performance. Founded by top-level motorsport suspension engineer, Mr. Junzo Shibahara, Aragosta blends Japanese precision and technical prowess with European handling philosophy. The company prides itself on the unparalleled craftsmanship of its coilover systems, meticulously engineered to provide superior handling, traction, and driving comfort for various applications, from daily commuting to competitive racing. The name Aragosta, Italian for ‘lobster’, was inspired by the hard, protective exoskeleton of a lobster, reflecting the company’s dedication to offering robust protection and optimal performance to vehicles. Today, Aragosta Suspension continues its pursuit of automotive excellence, standing as a symbol of quality, precision, and performance in the suspension industry worldwide.


- Made according ITU-T V.35, G.703 Standards
- Provides both E1 interface options: 75 Ohm unbalance and 120 Ohm balance
- V.35 support hot plug-in technology
- V.35 interface have multi clock and timing for option.
- Provide 4 clock types: E1 master V.35/V.24 external or internal, E1 slave V.35/V.24 external or internal.
- V.35/V.24 interface can connected with other DCE equipment
- provide 2 loop functions: E1 local loop, V.35 local loop.
- Power supply option: AC220V, DC-48V, +24V. The positive and negative terminal can be exchanged for DC-48V,+24V, easy for installation and maintenance.
- Have pseudo random code test function, easy the installation and maintenance.
- Active clocks can support inter-clock, external-clock, and line clock
Want to see it as SNMP managed modular platform in your 19′ rack? Check here…
E1 interface parameter:
- Channel capacity: 1 Channels
- Bit Rate: 2.048 Mb/s ±50 ppt
- Line Code: HDB3
- Line Impedance: 120 Ohm / 75 Ohm
- Connector: RJ-45 or BNC
- Pulse Shape: ITU-T G.703
- Jitter Performance: ITU-T G.823
- Clocking options: inter-clock, line-clock
- Interface Rate: 2.048Mbps+-50ppm.
- Interface character: match V.35/V.24.
- Connector: DB25 male/female (optional).
- Interface type: DCE.
- Clock: G.703 derived clock, internal / external clock
- DC: -48V (-36 to -72V); +24 V (Optional)
- AC: 90 to 260 VAC ; 47 ~ 63Hz
- Power Interface: DC power terminal/AC socket
- Power Consumption: 8 W maximum
- Operating temperature: 0 to 50°C
- Storage temperature: -20 to +70°C
- Relative humidity: 5% to 95% (25°C no condense)
Single unit, standalone scenario:
In this case, you need set DIP SWITCH S5.3 to be on (local timeslot).
Testing scenario using RJ-48 120 ohm E1 interface
Testing scenario using BNC 75 ohm E1 interface
E1-V35 interface convertor, 75/120, 220V
E1-V35 interface convertor, 75/120, DC-48V
Provides safe and seamless connection between different devices with different interfaces.
Used widely in connecting WAN and LAN, video monitor. data interface is DCE, connnect with DTE or DCE. The main E1 link may be clocked from the recovered receive clock (LBT), from the data port, or from an internal oscillator. The G.703 port provides for either 75 Ohm unbalanced connection via BNC connectors or 120 Ohm balanced connection via RJ-45/48. The AN-E1-V35/V24 DIP and slide switches, located on the front panel, provide for easy setup and control of all functions.


Using her passion, imagination and fierce courage, Jacksonville, Florida native Tiffany Manning stepped out to create her life as a portrait photographer and painter. Although her creativity is well-recognized, in 2019, she received generous support from The Community Foundation for Northeast Florida, allowing her 19-year vision to become a reality — The Feminine Soul Project. The Feminine Soul Project’s power lies in the ability to create compassionate connections. It shares the stories of 100 local women — beginning with 100 Jacksonville, Florida women. Oversized black and white photographs and audio sharing the voices of these women guide viewers on a spiritual journey of connection and relatedness. With its impact now rippling far beyond Jacksonville, Art Prize in Grand Rapids, Michigan has the privilege of sharing The Feminine Soul Project from September 16 - October 3, 2021 featuring their own local women photographed and interviewed by Tiffany. Unifying communities? Tiffany would say the privilege is all hers.
The vision for the audio-visual experience of The Feminine Soul Project started back in 2002. After receiving generous support from The Community Foundation for Northeast Florida, Tiffany Mannings’ 19-year vision became a reality — The Feminine Soul Project and its intention to unify communities is now gaining the interest of cities nationwide. Next stop — Grand Rapids, Michigan from September 16 - October 3, 2021 at ArtPrize, an independently organized international art competition expecting half a million visitors. This courageous portrait artist has depth, heart, and courage and is causing a ripple effect to connect and relate.
Images show women’s faces. Voices share their stories. Only you don’t know who’s speaking. (Completely transformational! I promise.) Be guided on a spiritual journey of connectedness through the Feminine Soul Project — changing a city near you.
In this conversation, you’ll hear:


text:
Body of work produced from the painting class
Another example of my ongoing Graffiti Series.
I know it's a cliche, but I couldn't resist using it as the title.
One of the best of my ongoing Graffiti Series.
One of my favorite paintings. I made it for a friend, and I think that it encapsulated the positivity...

domain: artistic


text:
The most common Bingo cards are flat pieces of cardboard or disposable paper which contain 25 squares arranged in five vertical columns and five side to side rows. Each space in the grid contains a number, except the middle square, which is designated a Free space.
How many squares are in a bingo card?
Each BINGO card has 5 rows and 5 columns thus providing 25 spaces. The columns are labeled from left to right with the letters: B, I, N, G, O. With one exception (the center space is free) the spaces in the card are assigned values as follows: Each space in the B column contains a number from 1 - 15.
How do you make people Bingo?
Explain that the group has 30 minutes to mingle, introduce themselves, and find people who match the traits on the card. They must put the persons name in the corresponding box or have the person sign the appropriate square. The first person to fill five boxes across or down yells Bingo! and the game is over.
How do you fill out a bingo card?
0:081:08How to Make Bingo Cards - YouTubeYouTubeStart of suggested clipEnd of suggested clipThen use a ruler and a pencil to draw five evenly spaced lines running from the top of the card toMoreThen use a ruler and a pencil to draw five evenly spaced lines running from the top of the card to the bottom. Next draw six evenly spaced lines running from the left side of the paper to the right.
How do you play social Bingo?
To win People Bingo, a person must obtain unique signatures to get 5 boxes in a row: horizontally, vertically, or diagonally. Once a person obtains 5 in a row, he or she should shout, “BINGO!” To play, distribute a Bingo card and a pen to each player.
What is the most called bingo number?
PlayOJOs data reveals that Tom Mix – number 6 has taken the lead as the most frequently called winning Bingo number, proving it to be the luckiest number out of 90. In fact, number 6 has been called almost 300 times more than that dreaded number 13.
How can I make a bingo game for free?
0:257:44How to make randomized bingo cards - YouTubeYouTube
What are the bingo numbers?
A typical Bingo game utilizes the numbers 1 through 75. The five columns of the card are labeled B, I, N, G, and O from left to right. The center space is usually marked with a Free Space, and is considered automatically filled.
How does get to know you bingo work?
Bingo) is an icebreaker that helps people learn interesting facts about each other. People walk around the room and mingle until they find people that match the facts listed on a bingo-style sheet. This game is a get-to-know-you style icebreaker. The game works best with a group of about 25 people.

domain: hobby


Whether your company uses personal computers or an business network, there’s a good probability that you’ve discovered cybersecurity program. While technology has brought us a whole lot, it has as well created fresh risks and insecurities for businesses. Cyber crooks are regularly on the lookout for virtually any loophole in security they can exploit to steal sensitive data and other facts. To protect the network, it is advisable to implement effective cybersecurity program. Listed below are several reasons to install cybersecurity program.
One of the most common ways internet criminals infiltration a business is normally through their network. Cybersecurity solutions monitor the network and inform you whether it’s compromised by harmful activity. These programs can also track network activity instantly, which is crucial in preventing data theft. Cybersecurity software protects data by simply encrypting it and rendering it difficult for everyone to steal that. These tools use a password or passcode to stop unauthorized get.
Cybersecurity computer software also has different benefits. It can benefit detect existing threats and minimize all their impact. Additionally, it can prevent data files from getting contaminated by viruses and also other malware. It helps in the id of suspicious transactions. Cybersecurity program also detects backdoor hacks and inside exploitation, which often go hidden for years. Additionally, these tools may protect your business from inner exploitation and external threats. With the elevating importance of cybersecurity software, companies are investing in reliability www.binghamtoninternationalblog.com/virtual-data-room-providers-and-their-benefits program.


text:
A fun and interactive collection of animals and baby flip a face for the very young ones!
The format of the popular Flip-a-Face books, with a twist! This book features a variety of furry friends; turn the page and the cat’s face becomes a dog’s. This time there’s an expanded page, so each animal is shown in full and set within an environment. Each page also poses a question: “How...[more]
Book Description Babies and toddlers respond dramatically to bold, graphic illustrations. A Flip-a- Face book invites readers to interact with the faces and, by flipping the pages – presto-change-o – a different image appears! Baby Talk This sturdy, durable board book focuses on reactions – “ha!...[more]
The very youngest of babies will love this black-and-white board book. Flip the foam-filled, die-cut pages to turn one animal into another, from cat to dog to lamb to mouse, and finally to BABY! Babies will learn to associate the animal sounds with the nine animals featured in this stylish, designed-for-newborns...[more]
Award-winning illustrator SAMi offers a new edition of this best-selling board book, a Child and a Parenting Best Book of the Year. The very youngest readers will be captivated by the bold, bright, baby-pleasing renditions of animal faces. Die-cuts allow babies to transform one face into another simply...[more]
Award-winning illustrator SAMi returns with a new edition of this best-selling board book. The very youngest readers will be captivated by the bold, bright, baby-pleasing renditions of infant faces. Die-cuts enable babies to transform one face into another simply by turning the page.
A vivid variety of daytime and nighttime furry friends ask: Who\'s awake at night and sleeping during the day? And who\'s asleep at night and awake during the day? Turn the page and find the answers! Each animal is shown in full and placed within a bold and colorful environment. Full of interactive fun,...[more]

domain: library


text:
Feel 100% Inside & Out
Your skin is a direct representation of your body’s ability to combat stress, manage your diet (we all love a good physique destroyer), balance hormones and tolerate the environment, so it’s about time you showed it a little love...
That’s where GHOST® Glow comes in. The badass skin-boosting, detoxifying powerhouse formulated to keep you feeling 100 inside and out. As always, we’re bringing a fully efficacious formula, fully transparent (and pretty sweet looking) label and EPIC flavors to deliver results, period.
"So many of us have struggled with our skin. This product is stacked with patented, clinically tested ingredients and comes in truly epic flavors. The GHOST fam challenged us to raise the bar in the beauty and detox category. Meet GLOW."
- Dan Lourenco, CEO, GHOST® Lifestyle
This product is intended for everyone and was formulated to balance hormone levels, improve skin appearance, protect against free radical damage, detoxify and give you a radiant glow.
This plant-based compound delivers nutrients deep into the skin to provide both nourishment and hydration. Additionally, Astrion™ has shown in studies to increase type 1 collagen production in both the outer and middle layers of skin, as well as decrease collagen breakdown due to UV light.*
Glutathione is the body’s "master antioxidant" and primary defense against free radical damage and toxins, such as: alcohol, the sun and pollution in the air. This ingredient helps fortify Glutathione levels in the body, supporting its ability to help eliminate toxins, chemicals and potential carcinogens.*
This botanical derived from Rehmannia glutinosa helps boost the skin’s natural ability to fight free radical damage and nourish the skin with antioxidants. The antioxidants within Verbasnol™ replenish the skin and sweep away the adverse effects of sunlight, oxidative stress and dryness while maintaining skin hydration and elasticity.*
Inositol is an essential part of a healthy nervous system and has been shown to promote hormone balance and improve insulin sensitivity in women with PCOS. For these women, this can result in healthier skin.*
Theanine is an amino acid that may enhance mood, overall well-being and help mitigate stress when used at the clinically studied dose of 200mg.*
Naturally found in cruciferous vegetables like broccoli and cauliflower, DIM has been widely studied for its ability to promote a healthy hormone balance in both men and women.*
WHAT THE LEGENDS ARE SAYINGS
"I have drastically noticed how much thicker my hair feels! I also feel like my skin stays a lot more hydrated and therefore more plump during the day."
- Kiley Miller, Fitness/Lifestyle Blogger
"It's a health product so it is going to be helping with your skin, hair and nails if you're taking it consistently so I'm super pumped for that!"
- Chris Clark, Fitness Coach
"What I look for in my skin and beauty products are things that are going to even out my skin tone as well as hydrate my skin and kind of give me that shiny, cute little finish!"
- Courtney Sarracino, Fitness/Lifestyle Blogger
"This is the only thing I have ever taken or tried that has actually made my skin look normal for the first time.."
- Brittany Shaheen, YouTube Vlogger/Fitness Competitor
Ghost Glow 270g in IrelandTags: Ghost Lifestyle, Latest Products, Vitamins, Minerals & Health,
Payment & Security
Your payment information is processed securely. We do not store credit card details nor have access to your credit card information.

domain: health


text:
What I Desire Everyone Understood About Bio.
A bio is a thorough account of a person’s life. It includes greater than the facts regarding a person’s life, yet likewise explains exactly how that person experienced these events. In fact, numerous biographies have as numerous as 500 pages. Therefore, it’s recommended to read a number of bios before composing one. Continue reading to discover more. As well as if you’re still stuck, attempt a couple of pointers to write a bio that will motivate readers.
Unlike background, a biography tells the tale of a real individual’s life. It can be concerning a living person or a person from centuries back, an unhonored hero, or an entire group of people. Biographies usually consist of details regarding a person’s life from birth to death, emphasizing key life occasions. Some biographers highlight certain events in an individual’s life that shaped their actions and also ultimately, made them individuals they are today.
A bio needs to not be biased. Biographers ought to never misstate their subjects or utilize personal prejudice to manipulate the fact. They ought to always acknowledge their research study sources, and the point of views of other people in order to create a balanced story. In addition to avoiding bias, biographers should beware to prevent making the story too dramatic or melodramatic. Moreover, a good bio must be enjoyable and useful. And also if you’re writing a biography for an enjoyed one, make sure to consider what type of story the author is informing.
A biographer who writes a biography is frequently restricted by an absence of sources. Unless the subject lived, there’s no other way to cross-examine witnesses, inspect the written evidence, or get an accurate impact of the person’s life. This makes the biography a craft. However, it doesn’t need to be a complex and also time-consuming process. As well as it doesn’t require a great deal of personal investment. When the author is a living person, bios are frequently more accessible than the jobs by others, and also the visitor can value the distinction in the nuances of the life they’ve discussed.
One of the most preferred types of biography is the movie. Movies are frequently based upon bios of celebs and also famous figures. Hollywood has actually created lots of industrial flicks based on the lives of the famous people. It has also spawned television channels dedicated to biographical subjects. It’s possible to find an interesting bio on the internet. This style is especially popular with target markets that would like to know about famous people. It is very important to note that this kind of bio has its own interpretations.
Early bios have a lengthy history, expanding as far back as 44 B.C. Roman biographer Cornelius Nepos’ Excellentium Imperatorum Vitae, while Greek biographers like Plutarch and Giorgio Vasari created Lives of the Musicians in 1550. Between Ages, biographies changed away from historical accounts to concentrate more on the lives of real individuals. By the fifteenth century, bios were more widely readily available.
One more instance of a fascinating biography is Unbroken, a bestselling biography by Laura Hillenbrand. During the 1936 Berlin Olympics, Louis “Louie” Zamperini had an amazing life, just to be shot down as a bombing plane during World War II. In the adhering to years, he survived 47 days in the sea and also invested the following two years in Japanese prisoner of war camps. Hillenbrand’s compelling story mesmerizes viewers.
There are many genres of memoirs. Memoirs are commonly focused on a particular facet of an individual’s life. For example, Augusten Burroughs’ Toil & Trouble informs of his life as a youngster in a cult and also exactly how he as well as his family members took care of to leave. Furthermore, Mikel Jollett’s Hollywood Park states his early years in a cult as well as exactly how he eventually rose to fame as part of the band Airborne Harmful Event. Barack Obama’s first memoir takes an extensive consider his initial 4 years in office.
A classic bio of a celebrity is Einhard’s Life of Charlemagne. Written in 817 ADVERTISEMENT, Einhard clearly fawns over Charlemagne’s achievements and also is considered one of the earliest bios. A contemporary bio of a person’s life is The Life of Samuel Johnson (1791 ), by James Boswell. He spent years researching and also composing this standard. There are many instances of bios throughout background.
A bio is an in-depth account of a person’s life, written from the viewpoint of another person. Bios information the subject’s life occasions as well as achievements from childhood to today. In some cases biographers explore the subject’s individual psychology or their emotional life. Some biographies also explore the topic’s spiritual life. Bios can be written in first or third individual. The goal is to highlight the most memorable parts of an individual’s life.
Creating a bio can help incorporate curriculum with various other finding out locations. When it involves scholastic bios, study is important to paint a true picture of the subject. In fact, the information of a person’s life can end up being shed in the trivial matters of the story. Despite what category of bio you select, thorough research study is vital to a successful biography. On top of that, bios of historical numbers need to consist of information about the moment duration in which they lived.
Autobiographies and bios are two types of books. A biography is an account of somebody else’s life, while an autobiography is the writer’s account of his or her very own life. Some authors work with a ghostwriter to help them write their autobiographies. Some famous people employ ghostwriters for their autobiographies. It is essential to understand that autobiographies and biographies are various. Biographies of living individuals are frequently incomplete, especially if they are created later in life. click here
Autobiographies as well as memoirs differ from each other in that they frequently have a certain element of the subject’s life. As an example, Augusten Burroughs wrote Toil & Difficulty, while Mikel Jollett’s Hollywood Park narrated his life in a cult. Other memoirs, like the first presidential narrative by Barack Obama, concentrate on his very first four years in workplace. For readers who like to study a subject that attracts them, memoirs are a great option.


Brea, Buena Park (scheduled to open in October), Mission Viejo
The large menu includes burgers, sandwiches, house-seasoned tri-tip beef and chicken, soups and salads.
Leave room for dessert. Farrell’s is known for oversized portions of rich, decadent sweet stuff.
With 28 birthday songs in the repertoire, the crew is ready to help you celebrate.
A varied menu of old-time favorites and a constantly festive, even raucous, atmosphere make Farrell’s a popular place for get-togethers of all kinds. Birthdays, of course, are commonly celebrated, but all types of events and accomplishments are marked.
“We even have a potty-training celebration where a potty-trained child gets a free sundae, and we have a song that goes along with that,” said Michael Fleming, CEO of parent company Parlour Enterprises Inc.
A menu favorite is Farrell’s Philly cheese steak, Fleming said. But most people know that the Farrell’s brand of fun really kicks in when it comes to dessert. Specialties include unusual vessels loaded with ice cream that will feed a whole table.
This fall and into next year, Farrell’s is celebrating its 50th anniversary. There will be monthly specials on ice cream and meals. Fleming said he hopes to create a new Guinness Book of World Records category for most people turning 50 on the same day gathered in one place.
Bernard J. Wolfson


text:
The Salinas Public Library is now accepting donations through Paypal.
Paypal is a safe and secure way to donate. If you click the Donate icon below, you will be taken to the Paypal site, where, once your transaction is completed, you will receive a detailed transaction receipt for your tax-deductable donation. You do not need to have a Paypal account to use the site to donate.
Any amount is greatly appreciated, be it $10, $50, $100 or more. Through Paypal, we can honor all major credit cards or receive your donation directly from your bank account. Again, any donation amount is appreciated.
Books & Media
Your donation of books, music, videos, or other materials is greatly appreciated. Donated items become the property of Salinas Public Library and are reviewed by staff to determine if they will be added to our collections. Materials not chosen for addition are given to the Friends of the Library to be sold in their Book Boutique at the John Steinbeck Library. Please do NOT donate:
- VHS Movies*
- Cassette Tapes (Books or Music)*
- Magazines, loose or in bound volumes
- Law books
- Musty, mildewed, soiled or damaged items
* Please Note: Friends of the Salinas Public Library
will accept donations of VHS Movies, Cassette Tapes and Recent College Textbooks. Please call The Friends Corner Bookshop 758-7182 to arrange for these items to be dropped off.
How To Donate Items
We welcome gently used books and media. If you have fewer than 50 items, you may drop them off at the Circulation Desk at any of our locations. If you have more than 50 items, please have them boxed or bagged and arrange a time to drop them off at the John Steinbeck Library
. Please call us at (831) 758-7311 to arrange a drop-off time. PLEASE
do not leave items in the library’s outside return bins or outside the library buildings.
Thank you for your generous support!


text:
If the research community had a reliable, low-cost method of quickly assessing biological age, the burden of damage and dysfunction, a measure that is distinct from chronological age, then progress towards rejuvenation therapies might be accomplished more rapidly. At present the only reliable way to determine whether or not a given therapy produces a slowing of aging or rejuvenation is to run expensive, slow life span studies in mice. Even when taking the approach of starting the study with old mice, this is still quite a lengthy undertaking. Being able to apply a putative rejuvenation therapy to mice (or dogs, or non-human primates, or people) and then a few weeks later run a brief test to see how well it did would revolutionize the pace of progress.
Based on the past decade of work on biomarkers of aging, it seems plausible that a diverse weighted combination of measures will eventually prove to be good enough to greatly improve the economics of development for rejuvenation therapies. That good enough combination has yet to be established robustly, however. The various epigenetic clocks are promising, but not yet actionable, as researchers cannot say how exactly these clocks relate to the specific forms of molecular damage that cause aging. If the aggregate measure is higher or lower or unchanged following a given treatment, what does that mean? There is as yet no good answer to that question, and the answers will no doubt differ by class of therapy. Different biomarkers will react differently to various forms of biological repair. The same issue also applies to the other approaches beyond epigenetic measures.
Meanwhile, researchers continue to add new biomarkers and new combinations of existing biomarkers to the growing stack. The number of possible options grows on a month by month basis, but it may be that, at this stage, more effort should go towards calibrating the behavior of an existing biomarker approach, following use of interventions to slow or reverse aspects of aging, rather than continuing to pile additional markers onto the heap.
Researchers focused on a type of skin cell called dermal fibroblasts, which generate connective tissue and help the skin to heal after injury. They chose this type of cell for two reasons: first, the cells are easy to obtain with a simple, non-invasive skin biopsy; second, earlier studies indicated that fibroblasts are likely to contain signatures of aging. This is because, unlike most types of cells that completely turn over every few weeks or months, a subset of these cells stays with us our entire lives.
The investigators analyzed fibroblasts taken from 133 healthy individuals ranging in age from 1 to 94. To get a representative sample, the team studied an average of 13 people for each decade of age. The lab cultured the cells to multiply, then used a method called RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) to look for biomarkers in the cells that change as people get older. RNA-Seq uses deep-sequencing technologies to determine which genes are turned on in certain cells. Using custom machine-learning algorithms to sort the RNA-Seq data, the team found certain biomarkers indicating aging, and were able to predict a person's age with less than eight years error on average.
Researchers have discovered age- and health-related differences in fragments of DNA found floating in the bloodstream (not inside cells) called cell-free DNA (cfDNA). These differences could someday be used to determine biological age - whether a person's body functions as older or younger than their chronological age. In a proof-of-concept study, researchers extracted cfDNA from blood samples from people in their 20s, people in their 70s, and healthy and unhealthy centenarians.
They found nucleosomes - the basic unit of DNA packaging in which a segment of DNA is wrapped around a protein core - were well-spaced in the DNA of the volunteers in their 20s but were less regular in the older groups, especially the unhealthy centenarians. Additionally, the signal from nucleosome spacing for the healthy centenarians was more similar to the signal from the people in their 20s than people in their 70s. Nucleosome packing is one aspect of the epigenome. Scientists first found cfDNA in the blood of cancer patients, and the fragments can be useful for diagnosing cancer. Earlier research has found that cfDNA is produced by dying cells, and as the cells die, the DNA is cut in between nucleosomes. "cfDNA is somewhat like a message in a bottle that captures what the cell looked like, epigenetically speaking, before it died."
Many factors may converge in healthy aging in the oldest old, but their association and predictive power on healthy or functionally impaired aging has yet to be demonstrated. By detecting healthy aging and in turn, poor aging, we could take action to prevent chronic diseases associated with age. We conducted a pilot study comparing results of a set of markers (peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) telomere length, circulating Aβ peptides, anti-Aβ antibodies, and ApoE status) previously associated with poor aging or cognitive deterioration, and their combinations, in a cohort of "neurologically healthy" (both motor and cognitive) nonagenarians (n = 20) and functionally impaired, institutionalized nonagenarians (n = 38) recruited between 2014 and 2015.
We recruited 58 nonagenarians (41 women, mean age: 92.37 years, in the neurologically healthy group vs. 94.13 years in the functionally impaired group). Healthy nonagenarians had significantly higher mean PBMC telomere lengths, this being inversely correlated with functional impairment, and lower circulating Aβ40, Aβ42, and Aβ17 levels, after adjusting by age. Although healthy nonagenarians had higher anti-Aβ40 antibody levels, the number of participants that pass the threshold to be considered as positive did not show such a strong association. There was no association with ApoE status.

domain: medical


text:
Okla. house fire kills 5, injures 1
OKLAHOMA CITY - A fire that ripped through a home in Oklahoma City before dawn Wednesday killed a woman and her four children and left one man in critical condition with serious burns, authorities said.
Firefighters found the bodies of Jeanine Bonnet, 28, and her children inside the two-story, wood-frame home, Fire Department Maj. Tammy McKinney said.
They found Brian Poletto, 39, outside the burning house while a man who rented a room at the home, David Ruppert, managed to escape the flames. Poletto was in critical condition at a local hospital later Wednesday with second- and third-degree burns to his back and arms, McKinney said.
"When we got on scene, we had reports that there were children inside," McKinney said. "The fire was so intense that we could not make entry and had to knock the fire down before we could make entry. That's when we found the bodies." Police Sgt. Gary Knight identified the children as Kara Leon, 3; Matthew Zackary Leon, 5; Samantha Leon, 7; and Natalie Leon, 8.
Justice upholds health-care rule
WASHINGTON - Supreme Court Justice Sonia Sotomayor on Wednesday denied a request to block part of the federal health-care law that requires employee health-care plans to provide insurance coverage for the morning-after pill and similar emergency contraception pills.
Hobby Lobby Stores and a sister company, Mardel Inc., sued the government, claiming the mandate violates the religious beliefs of its owners.
In an opinion, Sotomayor said the stores fail to satisfy the demanding legal standard for blocking the requirement on an emergency basis. She said the companies may continue their challenge to the regulations in the lower courts.
Company officials said they must decide whether to violate their faith or face a daily $1.3 million fine beginning Jan. 1 if they ignore the law.
Shop warned over candy cigs
ST. PAUL, Minn. - Owners of an old-school soda shop were warned to stop stocking novelty candy cigarettes. City inspectors threatened a misdemeanor citation and $500 fine if Lynden's soda fountain is caught selling the fake smokes again.
The Star Tribune reported Wednesday that the offering violated an ordinance barring the sale of candy smokes and cartoon character lighters. Shop owner Tobi Lynden said the white candy sticks with the red tips were her best-selling candy item but she pulled them to avoid running afoul of the ordinance.
A city spokesman said the warning came after inspectors received and looked into a complaint about the presence of the tobacco-themed products.

domain: news


text:
Raystown Lake Area Private Two Bedroom CondoSituated less than 200 yards from the entrance to Seven Points Recreation Center, you can't get much closer to the water than this! We would love to have you stay with us in our private second floor Condo
Cabin at Raystown LakeNestled in Rothrock State Forest near Raystown Lake and Trough Creek State Park. Quiet and remote setting with outdoor space to relax. 3 fire pits, horseshoe pit, 2 decks and a balcony. Games and DVD player. Closed Dec - March. No boat or trailer parking. No pets. Limited cell service.
MountainView Guest HouseOur place is close to Penn State University, Juniata College, Lake Raystown, Trough Creek State Park, Allegrippas Bike Trail, Altoona Curve, State College Spikes, Lincoln Caverns and 1,000 Steps. You’ll love our place because our Guest House sits on 3.1 acres with wildlife passing through the property. Our place is good for couples, solo adventurers, business travelers, families (with kids), and furry friends (pets). We are open all year and you will love the views of every season.

domain: geography


text:
Fun and Creative Stickers & Stamps for Kids
Why you should buy Stickers & Stamps at Baby Central HK:
Looking for the perfect stickers and stamps to add some fun and creativity to your child's activities? Look no further than Baby Central HK! We offer a wide range of stickers and stamps that are sure to bring joy and entertainment to your little ones.
At Baby Central HK, we understand the importance of providing children with tools to express themselves and explore their imaginations. That's why we carefully select stickers and stamps from top brands that guarantee quality and durability.
Our collection of stickers and stamps features a variety of themes and designs that children of all ages will love. Whether your child is into animals, superheroes, princesses, or their favorite cartoon characters, you'll find the perfect stickers and stamps to match their interests.
With our stickers, your child can decorate their notebooks, scrapbooks, or even personalize their belongings. Our stamps, on the other hand, allow them to create beautiful artwork or add their unique touch to greeting cards and invitations.
We understand that safety is a top priority for parents. That's why all our stickers and stamps are made from non-toxic materials, ensuring that they are safe for your child to use. You can have peace of mind knowing that their creative playtime is both enjoyable and safe.
When you shop at Baby Central HK, you're not only getting high-quality stickers and stamps, but you're also supporting top brands in the industry. We believe in partnering with brands that share our values of providing quality products that promote child development and creativity.
As a trusted online retailer, we prioritize customer satisfaction. Our user-friendly website allows you to easily browse through our extensive collection of stickers and stamps, making your shopping experience hassle-free and enjoyable.
With our fast and reliable delivery service, you can expect your stickers and stamps to arrive at your doorstep in no time. We understand that as a busy mom, your time is precious, and we want to make sure you receive your order in a timely manner.
So why wait? Explore our collection of stickers and stamps at Baby Central HK today and give your child the tools they need to unleash their creativity and have endless hours of fun!


text:
Objective Studies suggest that torture survivors often experience long-term chronic pain and increased pain perception. However, it is unclear whether the actual experience of torture or rather the subsequent posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) explains these pain problems. Furthermore, although catastrophic and fearful orientations to pain have been suggested to play a significant role in the association between trauma and pain, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study examined whether chronic pain and pain perception among torture survivors are associated with torture experience or PTSD and whether catastrophic and fearful orientations mediate or moderate these associations. Methods Fifty-nine ex-prisoners of war who underwent torture and 44 matched veterans participated in this study. Pain perception was evaluated by assessing pain threshold and reactivity to experimental suprathreshold noxious stimuli. Participants completed self-administered questionnaires assessing PTSD, chronic pain, pain catastrophizing, and fear of pain. Results Although chronic pain was associated with PTSD (0.44 < β < 0.49, p <.002), increased pain perception was correlated with torture (0.33 < β < 0.65, p <.05). Pain catastrophizing was found to mediate the association between PTSD and chronic pain (β = 0.18 and 0.19, respectively; p <.05). Fear of pain moderated the association between torture and pain perception (β = 0.41 and 0.42, respectively; p <.017). Conclusions The findings suggest that chronic pain is contingent upon the psychological toll of torture, that is, PTSD. This study also indicates that PTSD exacerbates catastrophic orientation, which in turn may amplify chronic pain. Reactivity to experimental noxious stimuli was related to previous experiences of torture, which enhances perceived pain intensity when interacting with a fearful pain orientation. These findings highlight the significance of orientation to bodily experiences after trauma.
- Chronic pain
- fear of pain
- pain catastrophizing
- pain perception
- posttraumatic stress disorder


text:
MY DAD’S BIRTHDAY
This would have been my Father’s birthday,
he was born in 1908.
A quiet, gentle, caring man
and as Husband and Daddy – first rate.
He loved my Mother very much,
he was courteous and kind,
soft-spoken and supportive—
which are the ties that bind.
We were a family of seven—
three girls, two boys, Mum and Dad,
all born and raised in England,
then to Canada, “opportunities to add”.
He helped a lot of people
to understand their spiritual self,
by sharing his knowledge of the Bible
and the textbook – Science & Health.
He left a legacy of love
with all who knew him well.
That’s the best legacy to leave,
still felt in stories we tell.
Happy Birthday Dad.
Grandchildren slept over.
Four year old granddaughter
in bed with me to “do our books”.
Mine—colour expression and poetry,
Arm around her.
Soft face on my shoulder.
“Granny tell me that word.”
“What word darling?”
“You know the one you call me sometimes.”
“You mean ‘precious’?”
“Yes, that one.”
She snuggles in closer.
“Maya, you are my precious girl
And I love you very much.”
Small arm hugs around my neck.

domain: literature


text:
DTLA Police Blotter
Certainly, on the Thursdays that the Los Angeles Art District features Art Walk, we see more arrests.
Some of the most ridiculous have revolved around people writing in chalk on the sidewalk.
I don’t believe it was the act, but probably the message that pissed off the cops, back in July of this year:
“Free chalk. Free speech,” said Sonny Estrada, 22, who considered himself part of Occupy L.A.
Other chalk messages were more direct. They claimed persecution by the LAPD for writing in chalk on the sidewalk. They were messages sprawled all over the sidewalk, calling the police an assortment of names.
Los Angeles police arrested 19 people after several hours of clashes with protesters during downtown L.A.’s popular monthly ArtWalk event, authorities said.
Four officers were hurt and treated for minor injuries in the Thursday night incidents. One officer suffered a minor concussion after being hit in the head by an object thrown by the crowd, police sources said.
Officials said nine of those arrested were booked on vandalism charges, three were booked for assault with a deadly weapon on a police officer, two for failure to disperse, two for resisting arrest, two for blocking traffic and one for attempted assault with a deadly weapon on a police officer.
The melee appeared to have stemmed from a sidewalk-chalk drawing demonstration, witnesses said.
A woman who identified herself as part of Occupy L.A. said protesters attended the ArtWalk with the intention of showing support for people previously arrested for chalking on the sidewalk. A Facebook event advertised the planned demonstration, apparently named “Chalk Walk.”
“Free chalk. Free speech,” said Sonny Estrada, 22, who considered himself part of Occupy L.A. (Source: Southern California, 19 arrested, 4 officers injured in downtown L.A. ArtWalk clashes)
We witnessed the riot police line up on 6th and spring. I’m told there were more on 5th and Spring, a block away. I know there were helicopters circling overhead, so something was going on.
I rarely attend art walk, because I can see it from my window and it feels like it is a pretentious event planned for 20 something’s who have no interest in art; but more in hanging out in cool places.
What we saw were a few skinny, aging hippies. They strutted in front of a line of cops on Spring Street. Aiming their cell phones at the cops and taking photos in an odd effort to show some ridiculous form of bravado.
They looked ridiculous prancing in front of the line of cops as if they felt brave. Knowing full well (as we did) that they wouldn’t have the balls to do that, if there hadn’t been a crowd watching them for protection.
After all, L.A. cops have been known to be scandalous, and if they were any race, but white…and if they were alone, they wouldn’t have challenged these cops.
Corner Dive Bar
There is a dive bar on the corner of 5th and Spring called the Down and Out.
The name is fitting.
I’m not sure if the people who frequent that bar realize it’s a dive bar. Because, the women get all dressed up to go into this place and they appear to come from other areas.
Maybe it’s their youthful vision of what they perceive a ‘beat bar’ used to be.
It is an intersection where a police officer shot and killed a man with a knife. The man was a local drug dealer and a homeless man. He tried to sell an undercover officer some drugs and pulled a knife on him, before he was shot
The corner of 5th and Spring is a cross culture of upscale lofts, urban pricy coffee bars, neo-hobo clothing stores, hip art shops and electronic stores.
However, there is also a downside of life that hangs out around there. It’s a horrible area after the shops all close up.
The skid row’s homeless and mentally insane hang out among the local drug dealers.
People who sell heroin, speed, meth and pot to both groups of folks, rich and poor, alike.
But the Down and Out looks like any other downtown dive bar, once you enter. At this bar there are:
Obligatory ripped felt pool tables
Bitchy 30 something bar maidens
Once muscular and now overweight bouncers
Geeky homeless guys who think they are cool
Skinny Vanna White-tired looking crack addicted hags
Suburban Debbies wearing sequined dresses and heels
Man cave nerds in groups of three, playing pool
As I said, it’s a dive! It has all of the obligatory fixings.
And you can hear these folks whooping and hollering at just about two a.m., each night when they make their way to their cars to drive home drunk.
So, it’s amazing we don’t see more arrests. Most of what we see is drunk arrests.
The other arrests seem to revolve around profiling.
We are familiar with this. We believe that my fiancée was errantly profiled as the type who would buy a hooker, by the LAPD. It went like this:
He told me one day that he was stopped by, “a fat and nasty woman who was propositioning him for sex.
He thought she was a police officer, posing as a homeless hooker. He said there was something about her that made him wonder why she approached him, as he was simply walking home.
She told him he could have sex with her for nothing. We both thought this was odd. Later that day, we read that there had been a sting in the area he had been approached. We knew that he had been profiled as a target.
Grim Sleeper Murders
Los Angeles has been blessed with our own serial killer, too.
He was apprehended, but before that happened, we were graced with photos of a man they suspected had been responsible for at least ten murders.
His name is Lonnie David Franklin Jr. He’s a 57 year old man who was named the Grim Sleeper, because he stopped murdering victims from 1988 to 2002.
On July 7, 2010, the Los Angeles Times reported that an arrest had been made. District Attorney Steve Cooley identified the suspect as 57-year-old Lonnie David Franklin Jr., a mechanic who worked between 1981 and 1989 for the City of Los Angeles in the sanitation department and briefly for the police department. The arrest of Franklin reportedly was due, at least in part, to the use of familial
Police eventually located similar DNA belonging to Franklin’s son, Christopher, who had been convicted of a felony weapons charge. According to Los Angeles District Attorney Steve Cooley, detectives then used a piece of discarded pizza with Franklin’s DNA to make the link. One Los Angeles undercover police officer pretended to be a waiter at a restaurant where the suspect ate. He collected dishes, silverware, glasses, and pizza crusts to obtain DNA. The identification was used to arrest Franklin after his DNA was obtained and deemed a match. Saliva found on victims’ breasts was used to obtain a DNA match thus linking Franklin to the murders.
On December 16, 2010, the Los Angeles Police Department released 180 photos of women found in Franklin’s home. The images show mainly African American women of a wide age range, from teenagers to middle-aged and older, often nude. Police believe Franklin took many of the pictures, which show both conscious and unconscious individuals, and date back up to 30 years. (Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grim_Sleeper)
Crime on the Downswing
Violent crime has fallen in Los Angeles, a fact that Mayor Antonio Villaraigosa is proud of.
There are many reports of vehicular homicides committed by drunken drivers. Los Angeles hasn’t curbed its citizen’s need to get sloshed.
I wonder if all of those murdering creeps are getting drunk and climbing behind a wheel, these days, instead of shooting people?
And we still have the missing persons reports. People are disappearing all of the time, in L.A.
The family of Guadalupe Lopez and the Los Angeles Police Department are asking for the public’s help to locate her. On November 20, 2012, around 4:30 p.m., Lopez was last seen walking in the area of Eastlake and Broadway, headed home to 3200 block Griffin Avenue. Lopez told her 18-year-old friend that she was going to “hang out” at the house of one of her male friends and wanted to go alone. Lopez, however, did not return home.
The family of Sarah Stavenow requests the public’s assistance in locating her. Stavenow is described as a 26-year-old White female with blond hair, blue eyes. She stands at 5 feet 5 inches tall and weighs around 165 pounds. Stavenow has multiple tattoos on her left arm. Stavenow, was last seen by her family on November 16th, 2012, in the city of Ottawa, Canada. She arrived at LAX Airport on November 16th and has not contacted her family. (Source:http://www.lapdblog.org/)
However, Los Angeles is falling away from violent crime.
The sirens of the squad cars may have something to do with the reduction in crime. They are the noisiest sirens you’ll ever hear!
When you hear them nearing, you immediately have a desire to go out and bitch slap the son-of-a-bitch that brought them shrieking down the street. Do you suppose this is by design?
You can read more from Jennifer Lawson-Zepeda at her blog @ http://lawsonzepeda.blogspot.com/

domain: law


text:
The popular Hollywood actor, Bruce Willis, has retired from “Lights, Camera, Action!” The Die-Hard star has been diagnosed with Aphasia, a neurological disorder that causes cognitive deficits and makes understanding and expressing language challenging.
The 67-year-old actor’s family disclosed on Instagram that his medical condition is hurting his cognitive ability. Hence, after much consideration, “Bruce will be retiring from the acting career that has meant the world to him,” his daughter Rumer Willis announced on social media.
“We’re coping with it as a strong family unit, and we wanted to include his fans because we understand how important he is to you. During this bad time for our family, we are grateful for your continued love, compassion, and support,” the post reads.
“As Bruce Willis frequently says, live it up, and together we hope to do exactly that.” His wife, Emma Heming Willis, his ex-wife Demi Moore, and his five children, Mabel, Tallulah, Scout, Rumer, and Evelyn, signed the statement.
What is Aphasia?
Aphasia is a severe language disorder caused by injury to a part of the brain controlling language comprehension and expression. According to John Hopkins Medicine, the medical condition steals someone’s ability to communicate effectively, making it challenging to speak or write or even know what others are saying.
Aphasia may be unfamiliar to you, but it is a neurological disorder that typically affects individuals in their middle to late years. It affects 2 million Americans, according to the National Aphasia Association, and is “more common than muscular dystrophy, cerebral palsy, or Parkinson’s disease.” Approximately 180,000 people are diagnosed each year, according to the organization.
How does Aphasia occur?
According to the health resource, “aphasia commonly “occurs abruptly” after a stroke or a head injury, but can also develop gradually if someone has a “slow-growing brain tumor” or a degenerative disease like Alzheimer’s disease.” Temporary episodes of Aphasia can be caused by seizures, migraines, or a transient ischemic attack (TIA), which occurs when the blood flow to the brain is unexpectedly disrupted.
According to the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, The disease can “co-occur” with speech impairments such as apraxia or dysarthria of speech, which are also caused by brain damage.
Aphasia is divided into two categories by the National Institutes of Health: fluent and nonfluent, depending on where the brain damage occurs. “Fluent” Aphasia describes people that lose their capacity to find and repeat words and sentences, yet they may still communicate and understand others. “Nonfluent” Aphasia affects those who have suffered more serious damage.
According to the National Institutes of Health, a person with a temporal lobe injury, for instance, may develop Wernicke’s Aphasia, the most common type of fluent Aphasia, which affects a person’s ability to speak and clearly understands other people’s speech.
The National Institutes of Health explains that “those with Wernicke’s aphasia may speak in prolonged, nonsensical phrases, adding unnecessary words and even making up terms.”
Aphasia patients may have difficulty finding words, speaking in a choppy, halting manner, or using small pieces of speech. According to the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA), they can even make up nonsensical terms and utilize them in their speech and writing, according to the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA). They can even make up nonsensical terms and use them in their speech and writing.
In their written communications, grammatical faults and run-on phrases are prevalent.
“The person who has aphasia may have difficulty accurately replicating words and letters”. ASHA explains.
It’s also probable that Aphasia patients’ ability to understand others would suffer. They may find it challenging to comprehend spoken or written terms, and they may need enough time to absorb and understand what is being spoken or read. They may also lose their ability to read and understand written language.
“Those who suffer from aphasia struggle to accurately replicate words and letters”. ASHA explains.
How is Aphasia diagnosed?
A neurologist commonly identifies Aphasia after a brain injury. The first step is to conduct a CT or MRI scan on people who have had a brain injury to help doctors pinpoint the exact location of the damage. Aside from brain scans, the individual will almost certainly be asked a series of questions to test their capacity to “understand and produce language.” A physician may then recommend that a person see a speech-language pathologist.
Causes and treatment
According to ASHA, a severe brain injury, a stroke, a brain infection or tumor, or a degenerative brain condition like dementia are all prevalent causes of Aphasia. Stroke, however, is by far the most common cause. “Between 25 and 40 percent of stroke survivors acquire Aphasia,” said the National Aphasia Association, with the elderly being the most vulnerable.
Willis’ family has been mum about the cause of his Aphasia.
Aphasia treatment depends on the individual’s symptoms. Lesser cases can be treated through rehabilitation, using speech therapy to retrain the brain to identify words to enable the patient to write and talk again. For people with degenerative illnesses who are predicted to degrade further, health specialists typically focus on compensating aid in the form of visuals and large print formats.
According to NAA, “a complete recovery from Aphasia is rare if symptoms persist for about three months after a stroke.” They added, “Some patients will continue to improve for years, if not decades.”
Can Aphasia be cured?
Over the years, research has revealed that it is possible to improve these brain-controlled activities. Fast recovery is aided by speech-language therapy, nonverbal communication therapies, and family group therapy.
The body says that communication-oriented treatments, in part, help people convey messages and feelings with alternative means of communicating.” Clinical researchers are working to create new therapies for specific forms of language impairment, such as verb retrieval and sentence formulation.
Willis is renowned for films like “Pulp Fiction,” “Die Hard,” and “The Sixth Sense.” He has, in recent years, churned out straight-to-video thrillers and has already shot at least six more films to be released in 2022 and 2023, including “Corrective Measures,” “Die Like Lovers,” and “The Wrong Place.
Feature image credit: Bruce Willis by Gage Skidmore 2. Licensed under CC BY-SA 2.0


Step By Step Guide: How to Setup Active Directory Domain Service on Windows Server 2019
In this post, we will learn how to setup active directory on windows server 2019.
The first step is to get windows server 2019 install on a server. It is very similar to server 2012 R2 / 2016 installation and in one of my previous posts I have describe how to do the windows server 2019 installation and IP configuration in details.
Test Lab Setup:
- Machine Name: WS2K19-DC01
- IP Address: 172.18.72.5/24
- DNS Server Address: 127.0.0.1
Note: Since the server will be act as DNS server, for DNS server field you can use local host address or 127.0.0.1
Active Directory setup process is divided into two major parts:
- Install Active directory Domain Service
- Promote server as Domain controller
Let’s walk through the methods of installing active directory on Windows Server 2019 and adding domain in new forest.
Step-1: Install Active Directory Domain Services (ADDS) Role
1. Login to your server using administrator user account.
2. Open the Server Manager dashboard.
3. Click on Tools and Select Add roles and features.
4. Click Next to proceed.
5. Select Role-based or feature-based installation option and click on Next.
6. Since I am installing AD DS server role locally I will select “Select a server from the server pool”. Select the server on which you want to install AD DS server role , in my case its WS2019-DC01. Click on Next.
7. Now select Active Directory Domain Services role from the Server Roles page.
8. Once you click on AD DS, another window will popup explaining about additional feature that are required to install Active Directory Domain services. Click on Add Features.
9. Now select DNS server role and click on add features to add required additional features. Click on Next.
10. Review on features and select them. Once done click on Next.
11. On Active Directory Domain Services page, review the information about AD DS. Click on Next.
12. On DNS page, review the information about DNS server role. Click on Next.
13. Click on Install to start the installation process.
The installation process will take some time to complete.
Step-2: Promote Windows Server 2019 as Domain Controller:
14. After installing Active directory services, click on Promote server to a domain controller link.
15. Select Deployment option as per your requirement. Here I am installing first Active directory in my network so I am selecting Add a New Forest. Now specify your root domain name into the Root domain name field. (Here I have used mylab.local).
16. Select forest and domain functional level. I will be setting the functional level to highest level which is Windows Server 2016 at the time of writing this post. You’ll also need set up DSRM password here. Click on Next.
17. In next window it will give warning about DNS delegation but it can be ignore. Click on Next to continue.
18. In next window it ask for the NetBIOS name for the Domain. We can keep it default and click on Next to continue.
19. In next window it gives us option to change file paths for AD database, log files and SYSVOL files. We can change the paths or keep them defaults. Once changes are done click on Next to continue.
20. On Review Options page, review the options which you have selected. Once you are ready, Click on Next to continue.
21. In the next window it will run system check and verify system is compatible with the selected installation. If it passes any critical errors those needs to be address before the installation begin. Once test completes successfully click on install button to begin the installation.
22. Then it will start the installation process and we need to wait till it finishes. Once it’s complete the install it will automatically reboot the server.
Verify New Active Directory Domain:
23. Once server is rebooted log in to server using domain admin credentials.
24. Open Active Directory Users and Computers by clicking on Tools.
25. Verify WS2K19-DC01 server is now promoted as a domain controller for mylab.local domain from Active Directory Users and Computers snap-in.
Congratulations!! We have successfully setup Active Directory Domain Service on Windows Server 2019.
- How to Install Windows Server 2019 in Virtual Box.
- Post-Installation Configuration of Windows Server 2019.


July’s club night guests are Chris Priestley and the unsung heroes. Chris Priestley has written two albums of songs about characters from New Zealand’s history. Chris is supported by folk stalwarts Nigel Gavin, Claire Robertson and Cameron Bennett.
Doors open at 6:45 for floor singer sign-ups. 7pm show start. Free bikkies and tea at interval. $10.


U.S. Intelligence experts are warning government officials about the Russian government again. This time, security chiefs believe the danger may lie in the next mid-term elections – when they expect Russia to once again interfere with the vote.
• The frightening information came out during a Senate Intelligence Committee just this week. Officials from the CIA, the FBI, and the National Security Agency gathered to discuss the state of American security.
• Senators questioned NSA Director Mike Rogers on what direction, if any, the current POTUS gave with regard to stopping the interference. “I can’t say I’ve been specifically directed to blunt or actually stop,” he replied.
• CIA Director Mike Pompeo, after being asked the same question, also responded, but seemed to dodge the question. His simple reply said only that Trump had directed the CIA to “address threats.”
• FBI Director Christopher Wray also indicated that, he, too, had not been advised to take any specific action, as did National Director Dan Coats. “We essentially are relying on the investigations that are underway.”
• All four high-ranking officials agreed with the fact that Russia likely would interfere if given the chance.
• Coats spoke out to the public specifically. “We need to inform the American public that this is real. We are not going to allow some Russian to tell us how we’re going to vote. There needs to be a national cry for that.”
• Senator Angus King, who is technically an independent but often sides with Democrats, also spoke out against the inaction. “We cannot confront this threat, which [requires] whole of government response, when the leader of the government continues to deny that it exists.”
• Richard Burr (R-N.C.) closed the meeting by suggesting that the situation continued to demand attention. “We will continue to work toward conclusions related to any cooperation or collusion by any individual, campaign, or company to influence the election or create societal chaos in the United States.”


text:
FREE SHIPPING EVERY DAY ON ORDERS OVER $200
Elevate your entertaining with a show-stopping centerpiece like the Thoroughbred Grande Party Beverage Bowl! Chill the Champagne or serve up a festive holiday punch in this "over the top" piece.
Proud figures of thoroughbreds, detailed in luxury pewter, serve as handles for this extraordinary serving piece. The stallions exhibit incredible definition in their muscular necks, while the accompanying breast plates and buckles add appealing realism to the design.
Crafted in Italian glass, the bowl holds several bottles and ice comfortably, or enough punch for a large party. Hand wash only. Wipe dry with a soft cloth
Size: 24"L x 16"W x 15"T
This popular ice bucket is on backorder. We do not yet have an ETA.