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Here’s the KRMS Weatherology Weather Forecast For Wednesday April 21st.
For today: Partly cloudy skies with highs around 54. Westerly winds 8 to 15 mph.
For tonight: Lows around 31 under mainly clear skies. Winds out of the northwest 5 to 10 mph.
Additional Info: Freeze Warning
Take steps now to protect tender plants from the cold. To prevent freezing and possible bursting of outdoor water pipes they should be wrapped, drained, or allowed to drip slowly. Those that have in-ground sprinkler systems should drain them and cover above- ground pipes to protect them from freezing.
Another freeze is expected tonight into Thursday morning with low temperatures ranging from 26 to 31 degrees.
Most of the Missouri Ozarks.
The first Freeze Warning will end at 9 AM CDT this morning. The second Freeze Warning is in effect from 10 PM this evening to 9 AM CDT Thursday.
Frost and freeze conditions will kill crops, other sensitive vegetation and possibly damage unprotected outdoor plumbing.

domain: agronomy


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The Implications of Eliminating Essential Health Benefits
Brief Nov-01-2020 | | 1-min read
The requirement that these essential benefits be included in ACA-compliant nongroup insurance coverage increases premiums beyond what they would be if people could purchase plans covering fewer benefits. This had made the requirements somewhat controversial and spurred interest in reducing or eliminating them among some insurers and policymakers; some have proposed allowing states to use waivers to reduce or eliminate essential health benefit requirements.
Eliminating or permitting states to waive an ACA provision that requires participating health insurance companies to cover 10 essential health benefits could contribute to thousands of dollars in new out-of-pocket expenses for patients.
Policymakers seeking to eliminate the ACA’s essential health benefits argue that paying for coverage for services, that some people may not use, unnecessarily raises costs for many. Though annual premiums may fall if essential health benefits coverage is eliminated, people who need these services could face thousands more in direct out of pocket costs as a result, likely leading to significantly higher levels of unmet medical need.
The nonprofit Urban Institute is dedicated to elevating the debate on social and economic policy. For nearly five decades, Urban scholars have conducted research and offered evidence-based solutions that improve lives and strengthen communities across a rapidly urbanizing world. Their objective research helps expand opportunities for all, reduce hardship among the most vulnerable, and strengthen the effectiveness of the public sector. Visit the Urban Institute’s Health Policy Center for more information specific to its staff and its recent research.
US Toll Free: (877) 843-7953
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Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. All Rights Reserved.

domain: medical


text:
Chula Vista DUI crackdown nets 2 arrests, 40 citations
CHULA VISTA – Two drivers were arrested for drunken driving in a Chula Vista Police Department saturation patrol Sunday.
Of the 56 traffic stops that were made, 40 citations were issued for various infractions, including failure to stop at a red light or stop sign, failing to wear a seatbelt and several other vehicle code violations.
Four vehicles were towed after their drivers were found to be driving on a suspended license, according to Officer Brian Carter.
The operation began at 7 p.m. Saturday and ended at 2 a.m. Sunday. It was the second of four drunken saturation patrols planned for March and it was considered a successful operation, Carter said.
Funding for the saturation patrols is provided by the California Office of Traffic Safety through the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration.

domain: news


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Pan-Seared Scallops with Cilantro
Pan-searing scallops is our favorite way to prepare them. It's quick and easy (this recipe takes just 20 minutes to prepare) and infuses them with lots of flavor. Just keep in mind that two things are very important when you're searing any food: use a very hot skillet, and cook the food in small batches so you don't overcrowd the pan. The high heat seals in the juices so that the scallops brown quickly. Also be sure to scrape up those browned bits as you're building the spicy, citrusy sauce after you've seared the scallops—that's where all the good stuff is.
1 Tbsp, divided
½ medium, seeded and minced
Fresh lime juice
2 Tbsp, minced
- Sprinkle both sides of the scallops with the chili powder, salt, and black pepper.
- Melt 1 1⁄2 teaspoons of butter in a large nonstick skillet coated with cooking spray over medium-high heat. Add half of the scallops; cook for 3 minutes on each side or until done. Remove the scallops from the pan; keep warm. Repeat this procedure with the remaining butter and scallops.
- Add the water, jalapeño, and lime juice to the pan; cook for 1 minute, scraping the bottom and sides of pan to loosen the browned bits. Spoon the sauce over the scallops; sprinkle with the cilantro.
- Serving size: 3 ounces of scallops and about 2 tablespoons of sauce.

domain: food


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A McDonald’s franchise on Queensland’s Gold Coast has banned children in school uniforms from the store between 9am and 3pm in a bid to cut local truancy rates.
The Courier Mail reports that McDonald’s Elanora has posted a signs around the store saying “any student in school uniform will not be served between the hours of 9am-3pm” at the request of schools.
The Mail was unable to get comment from the store or local school principals, but added that student attendance rates in the area were up to 2% lower than the state average of 91.5%.
Read more on the issue here.
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Preserving and Archiving Electronically Generated Materials 11/19/2013
A Joint Project of the Leon Levy Foundation and the
Archivists Round Table of Metropolitan New York, Inc. (A.R.T.)
Sponsored by the Leon Levy Foundation
Presenter and Moderator Biographies
Jefferson Bailey is Strategic Initiatives Manager at Metropolitan New York Library Council and co-chair of the Innovation Working Group of the National Digital Stewardship Alliance. He was formerly a Fellow in Digital Preservation at Library of Congress and has worked on digital projects at Brooklyn Public Library and Frick Art Reference Library and in the archives of NARA, NASA, and Atlantic Records.
Mitchell Brodsky currently works as the Digital Archives Project Manager at the New York Philharmonic. For over three years, he has been coordinating and managing the digitization and online presentation of the NYP Digital Archives which makes 1.3 million pages of marked music scores, programs, business records, images, press clippings, and more freely available online at http://archives.nyphil.org. A leader in the digital archives community, Mitch has led several sold-out project management workshops for archivists and is a former Executive Board member of the Archivists Round Table of Metropolitan New York. Prior to his work at the Philharmonic, he was the Digital Archivist at the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee, where he led a mass digitization project. Mitch received his MLIS from Rutgers University, prior to which he received an MM from Mannes College, The New School for Music. While at Rutgers, he worked in the Scholarly Communications Center, helping to develop the New Jersey Digital Highway’s EZ-Start program intended to encourage local cultural memory institutions to participate in NJDH, New Jersey’s statewide digital repository.
Brian Cross is the Director of Digtal Assets for Conde Nast. Since 2007, he has launched and managed the company's Digital Asset Management systems. He is responsible for overseeing the content conversions workflow, DAM application development and syndication of digital content. His work most notably includes the large scale digitization and productization of the company's archives, this includes publications such as Vogue, Vanity Fair and WWD. Since 2009, he has also been involved in a number of mobile and tablet content initiatives. Prior to joining Conde Nast, Brian worked at ARTstor as a Digital Archivist on the Mellon International Dunhuang Archive (MIDA). He has an MLIS from Pratt Institue and BA from SUNY New Paltz.
Dr. Miguel Ferreira, Ph.D.
Dr. Miguel Ferreira, Ph.D. in computer science, more precisely in digital preservation, won the first Digital Preservation Challenge promoted by the DigitalPreservationEurope (DPE) and is currently CTO and co-founder of KEEP SOLUTIONS. Miguel is presently co-ordinating several R&D projects in the field of digital preservation, digital repositories and federated services.
Ben Fino-Radin is a New York based media archaeologist and conservator of born digital works of contemporary art. At MoMA he manages the Digital Repository for Museum Collections, and contributes to overal strategy and conservation treatment of born-digital artworks and design objects. Formerly, at Rhizome at the New Museum, he led the preservation and curation of the ArtBase, one of the oldest and most comprehensive collections of born digital works of art.
David Kay, MLS
David Kay, MLS is Founder of NYDAWG [NY Digital Archivists Working Group]. He was Digital Asset Manager for Viacom's Nickelodeon Creative Resources department and previously was Digital Archivist for Little Airplane Productions, creators of “The Wonder Pets!”. He founded [NYDAWG] in January 2010 as a centralized listserv and network for discussion about our Digital Era. He is member of the Archivists Roundtable of New York (ART) and Society of American Archivists (SAA). He was appointed to the Digital Archives Specialist Task Force, and helped create the DAS certificate curriculum. He is currently a member of the SAA Education Committee.
Anne R. Kenney
Chief Academic and Administrative Officer, Cornell University Library
Keynote/Morning: "Demystifying Born-Digital: Concepts, Trends, Challenges"
Anne R. Kenney was appointed the Carl A. Kroch University Librarian at Cornell University in 2008. Active in the archival and preservation communities, Kenney is known internationally for her pioneering work in developing standards for digitizing library materials research into digital preservation issues. She is also a fellow and past president of the Society of American Archivists, serves on the Social Science Research Council's Committee on Libraries and Archives of Cuba, and is on ARL's Board of Directors. An author of three award-winning books and over 50 scholarly articles and reports, Kenney came to Cornell University Library in 1987, and previously served as interim University Librarian, Associate University Librarian for Instruction, Research, and Information services, and Associate Director for the Department of Preservation and Conservation. She received her bachelor's degree from Duke University, a master's degree in history from the University of Missouri-St. Louis, and a master's degree in library science from the University of Missouri-Columbia.
Jonathan Markow helps develop and implement strategic initiatives for DuraSpace, with special attention to supporting collaboration within and among DuraSpace open source communities, establishing effective governance, forming alignments with complementary organizations, introducing new services and technologies, and ensuring long-term sustainability. Jonathan also leads the DuraSpace Registered Service Provider and Corporate Sponsorship programs.
Alice Merchant refined her digital imaging skills while receiving a Bachelor of Fine Arts in Professional Photographic Illustration at Rochester Institute of Technology. In the 15 years since RIT, Alice and her teams have been building, implementing, and maintaining Digital Asset Management systems. Alice is currently the Co-Founder & COO of Asset Atelier, a Digital Asset Management consultancy, and a student in Columbia University's Information & Knowledge Strategy program.
Courtney Mumma manages Archivematica system requirements, product design, training, and community dialogue. A graduate of the University of British Columbia’s MAS and MLIS programs (2009), she is a co-investigator on the International Research on Permanent Authentic Records in Electronic Systems (InterPARES Trust) project, a participant in the Distributed Digital Preservation frameworks group, and a member of the Development Advisory Group on the BitCurator Project. Courtney frequently teaches and gives presentations about digital preservation strategies.
Katie O'Connell is User Services Associate at ARTstor and formerly Project Archivist for Electronic Records at Brooklyn Museum, where from November 2011-April 2013, the Brooklyn Museum Archives conducted an NHPRC-funded grant project to research and test a born-digital archival program.
Ed Pinsent is an archivist and records manager with many years' experience in digital and web preservation. He has previously worked for The National Archives (UK) and the Church of England. Ed has worked on dataset preservation and archiving websites for the UK Web Archive Consortium. Ed also contributed to the JISC Preservation of Web Resources (JISC-PoWR) Handbook, and managed the AIDA (Assessing Institutional Digital Assets) project. He is familiar with metadata and archive management standards including ISAD(G) and OAIS. Ed also teaches the award-winning Digital Preservation Training Program and has organised dissemination events.
Dan Ryan is the curator of executable content for the Olive Archive, a collaboration between Carnegie Mellon University, the University of Illinois, Reed Elsevier, and Ithaka S+R. The Olive Archive is funded by the Sloan Foundation and the Institute for Museum and Library Services.
Professor of Library and Information Science, The Palmer School of Library and Information Science, LIU Post Campus of Long Island University
Keynote/Afternoon: "Records Management: The Life Cycle of Born-Digital Documents/Best Practices"
William Saffady is an information management consultant based in New York City. Dr. Saffady is the author of over three dozen books and many articles on information management topics, including records management, electronic recordkeeping, and digital document management. His latest book, Email Retention and Archiving: Issues and Compliance for Guidance and Discovery, was published in 2013 by ARMA International (the Association of Records Managers and Administrators). He is currently completing a book on legal requirements for electronic recordkeeping in Western European countries. It will be published by ARMA International in early 2014.
Sibyl Schaefer is the Head of Digital Programs at the Rockefeller Archive Center where she oversees the adoption of tools and technologies to assist in the care of archival materials. One of her primary tasks is to increase the technological proficiency of archivists throughout the institution in order to fully integrate digital and traditional archival practices, including the development of supporting policies, forensic workflows, and training initiatives.
Kam Woods is a Research Associate in the School of Information and Library Science at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. He currently works with Dr. Cal Lee developing techniques and tools to assist in long-term archiving and educational support for digital forensics datasets. His research interests include the development of software to support access, migration, and accurate rendition of legacy digital materials. He holds a Ph.D. and M.S. in Computer Science from Indiana University and a B.A. with a special major in Computer Science from Swarthmore College in Pennsylvania.

domain: library


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Hello, my name is Bruno Nicolai. For approximately 20 years I’ve worked in various roles in the community, supporting people to come together to identify their needs and take collective action to solve problems, and supporting individuals to overcome adversity in order to live the life they wish to live. I’m a qualified psychotherapist, I’m employed as a Mental Health Recovery Support Worker at Shine, I co-facilitate the Douglas/Cork City Hearing Voices Group, and in the past I’ve co-produced Hearing Voices Training for all staff within my organisation.
I received multiple psychiatric diagnoses as a teenager; each seemingly worse and less hopeful than the last. Back then, I only mentioned my voice-hearing experiences once or twice to psychiatrists. I learned very quickly that if I said yes to the questions they asked, there’d be a good chance I’d receive another diagnosis, a recommendation of some time in hospital, and a prescription for additional or stronger medication, without me being asked anything about the content or context of my experiences.
By my early 20s, my mental health had improved and voice hearing dissipated. There are innumerable reasons this positive change occurred, but in brief, my recovery began when I found a community of peers and professionals whom I felt truly saw, heard, valued, and respected me, which I internalised. From that point onward, there was no stopping me.
Though my most distressing years occurred in my late teens, I can trace the origins of my poor mental health to a succession of precarious and shaming life-experiences beginning in infanthood, each piggybacking on the next until it became too much. Viewing it through the Power Threat Meaning Framework lens, my distress was completely understandable. I liken my recovery to the paradoxical theory of change; the more I discovered and accepted about my authentic self, the more I changed and the happier I became.
Over the past two decades, my passion for mental health recovery has led me along several different paths, to where I am today. I have seen the recovery movement re-defined and re-interpreted into various forms; at times like a square peg hammered into round hole, and though well intentioned, some of these interpretations seem to maintain the traditional pathologising paradigm, while others move away from it. As my involvement with the Hearing Voices movement increases, I find myself curious to learn about the diversity that lies within it.
As you can imagine, for me, joining the Hearing Voices Network Ireland board is very exciting. Without a doubt, I’ve big shoes to fill, as I replace my board predecessor and wonderful Shine Team Leader, Tian Herbert. I’m very much looking forward to getting stuck-in, supporting, promoting, and expanding the reach of HVNI’s amazing work, and hopefully getting the opportunity to meet lots of you along the way.

domain: psychology


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Kailash Mandir A Miracle Of India
Kailash Mandir at Ellora is one of the miraculous human creations in the world. Ellora is an archaeological site located around 30 kilometers away from the city Aurangabad in the state of Maharashtra in India. In local language the place is known as ‘Verul ‘. The site is popular in the world for the monumental caves; Ellora is a World Heritage Site and this extends over an area of more than 2 kilometers.
There are 34 caves which are excavated out of the vertical face of rock from Charanandri hills. These are estimated to have been made between 5th and 10th century and comprises of Hindu, Jain and Buddhist sculptures. There are 12 Buddhist, 17 Hindu and 5 Jain caves in the site. The proximity of the caves throws light on the religious harmony prevalent in that period. 16th cave is Kailash Temple.
The uniqueness of this Kailash Temple is in its creation. The Temple is not built but cut and carved out of a single gigantic and huge rock. The Temple is noted for its vertical excavation. The rock was cut from top to bottom yet it has maintained the beauty of architectural planning. The astonishing factor is that almost 4, 00,000 tons of rock is carved out in a period of 20 years for completion of the temple. The Kailash Mandir is estimated to have been made in 757 to 783 CE, during the reign of King Krishna I of the Rashtrakul dynasty. The Temple is a masterpiece with elaborate workmanship with the striking proportions of the sculptures decorating the rock.
Kailash Mandir is undoubtedly the centerpiece of the caves in Ellora. This masterpiece is designed to resemble the place mount Kailash which is construed as the abode of Lord Shiva in Himalayas. The temple is indeed a jewel in the crown outstanding in the range of other caves. This looks like a freestanding multi-storied temple complex. Interestingly the entire temple is made from just one single rock. The temple expanse is very huge and the area it covers is double the size of Parthenon in Athens. The temple was initially covered by white plaster so that the resemblance to snow clad Mount Kailas may be depicted.
Another stunning feature in this temple is that he temple premises has the largest cantilevered rock ceiling in the world. The Kailash Temple is a supreme example of one of those few rare occasions when the mind, heart, and hands of men work in unison for creation of an outstanding masterpiece
The visitors are stunned at the scale of the work that was undertaken. First the entire temple is carver from monolith, single rock. The area covered is twice the area of Parthenon in Athens, with the height 1.5 times. It is believed to be made by almost 7000 workers and taken 150 years to complete the project; still the harmony and sync of the various sculptures are par excellence.
The rear wall of the courtyard is 276 feet X 154 feet and is 100 feet high. The Kailash temple itself is 164 feet deep and 109 feet wide with the height of 98 feet. Such a vast yet uniform and lovely structure consists of a gateway, assembly hall, sanctuary and tower. Each and every surface is lavishly covered with symbols and figures from puranas and epics like Mahabharata and Ramayana. There are a number of images of deities, animals and other mythical creatures. There is a bridge that connects the temple to the gallery wall.
Image credit@Maheshwari Ande
Devotees get energized and experience immense power flowing through the body, the way sound moves inside the temple. The perfection of every carved sculpture imparts meaning to the sacred Symbols of Hinduism. The Kailash Mandir only establishes the fact that during the ancient era the Indian workmanship was excellent and had used rudimentary hand tools but have created masterpiece.

domain: artistic


text:
When you purchase a digital subscription to Cake Central Magazine, you will get an instant and automatic download of the most recent issue.
Edible hare cake in a flower meadow
16 Miniature Fruit Cakes For A 16Th Birthday Surprise
Chocolate Fudge Cupcakes
So cute, I love it. :))
This is so cute!
(if this is a private computer)
Yes please, register now!


Charisse has danced and choreographed professionally for TV commercials, films, fashion parades, opening ceremonies and corporate shows, including Guy Sebastian, The Veronica's, Jessica Mauboy, Tim Campbell, the WA Youth Awards, StyleAid, Oasis Ball, Gold Plate Awards, Telethon, summer camps in New York as well as adjudicating festivals, talent shows and breaking competitions. Her training in Jazz, Contemporary, Hip Hop, Tap and Ballet includes the Contemporary Dance Centre (Perth), Broadway Dance Centre (New York) and Pineapple Studios (London). Charisse holds a Bachelor of Arts (Marketing and the Media), a Diploma of Education (Primary Teaching) and has won state-wide awards in recognition of the highly successful dance program she coordinated at Rossmoyne Senior High School from 2002-2006. As well as directing TDC, Charisse has lectured at the Western Australian Academy of Performing Arts and the University of Western Australia, written for the Curriculum Council, delivered professional development workshops for teachers across WA and worked as a TEE marker and consultant for the Department of Education and Training. In 2011, Charisse was nominated for Australian of the Year – Local Hero Award and in 2012 the Western Australian of the Year “Community Category” for creating The Dance Collective as “a safe haven and an outlet; a place where young people can go to escape the stressors that early life can bring and transform it into something positive in a physical, psychological and social sense” (Weng Ho, Rio Tinto, nominee).


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Pilot killed in fiery light plane crash-landing
A PILOT has been killed after a fiery crash-landing at a suburban street in Melbourne's south.
The plane was torn to shreds when it took out power lines and part of a residential fence in Mordialloc, before it was engulfed in flames and landed in the middle of Scarlet St just after 5pm.
Victoria Police spokeswoman Belinda Batty confirmed one person was on board and had died at the scene.
The crash site is less than 1km from the runway at Moorabbin Airport, and 25km south of Melbourne CBD.
Motorists have been urged to avoid the area, with police directing traffic around Warren Rd, Lower Dandenong Rd and Scarlet St.
Police will prepare a report for the coroner, and the exact cause of the crash will be investigated by Australian Transport Safety Bureau.
Melbourne was the scene of another shocking fatal plane crash last year, when a chartered plane flying to King Island, Tasmania, ploughed into the roof of the Essendon DFO on February 21. The pilot and four American golfers were killed.
A man was also killed in a light plane crash at Clyde North in Melbourne's southeast after it crashed in a paddock last August.
And a Piper Aircraft departing from Moorabbin Airport smashed into waters off the Bellarine Peninsula in 2016, killing all four people on board on January 29.


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THE EVENT OF VOID (Francesco Sebregondi)
The Heygate estate, as a piece of architecture, is dead; only left is its empty corpse, a delimited void. What is going on in this void? What is at stakes in its production and maintenance? What is its relation to the teeming city surrounding it? What is the subversive potential of that void? And since the appearance of a temporary void tends to be a constant within the pattern of urban regenerations, could we start thinking these voids together: as places from which to question, perhaps reinvent, the inherited axioms of the practice of architecture?
Comments are closed.


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Maryann Friesen has a Master of Counselling Psychology Degree and has experience working as a therapist in a private practice setting.
As a therapist she provides therapy and coaching for people with a range of issues such as anger management, stress, anxiety, depression, and grief.
Maryann is a keen observer and compassionate listener. Coupled with a direct, down to earth and practical approach she is able to help people meet their goals. Maryann works with people through the problems or situations that are getting in the way of healthy living. She is able to help people become vulnerable in a safe and relaxed environment where learning can happen and people can grow.
Going to see a therapist can be a stressful and difficult thing to do. Starting to work on personal matters or problems of living might be something that you would prefer to avoid. Maryann appreciates the courage and strength that it takes to make changes in life. Having experienced her own pain and growth, Maryann is sensitive to work at a pace that is comfortable. By creating a space for people to feel safe and belong, emotions can be shared, issues addressed and patterns changed.
Maryann believes people are good, loveable and worthy despite imperfections. And while we journey through life Maryann believes that we deserve respect and dignity as we make our way. Maryann wants to encourage people to be brave and own their stories because when we have the courage to do so, it is allows for deeper connection with ourselves and others with greater authenticity. This in turn spills into others areas allow for a wholehearted life.
Maryann sees folks hoping to improve the connections in their lives. She has a specialty in Anger Management and has written about her experience of facilitating the process.

domain: health


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Video games are often criticized for supposedly rotting kids’ brains and being a waste of time. But the reality is, when played in moderation, video games can provide significant cognitive, social, emotional and even physical benefits. Here are 10 reasons why gaming is actually important and beneficial.
1. Improves Hand-Eye Coordination
Gaming involves actively using your hands to manipulate a controller or keyboard while observing on-screen actions. This enhances motor skills and hand-eye coordination. Studies find gamers have better reaction times and dexterity.
2. Boosts Problem-Solving Abilities
Many games involve solving puzzles, devising strategies, seeking solutions and overcoming obstacles. These gameplay mechanics exercise mental muscles and boost critical thinking. Gamers develop superior logic, resourcefulness and problem-solving skills.
3. Enhances Concentration
Focusing on objectives, processing information and making quick decisions during fast-paced games improves sustained attention span. Studies show that kids with attention deficits focus better when playing games.
4. Tests and Expands Creativity
Games with open-ended worlds and possibilities like Minecraft nurture imagination. Creating in-game content, building and exploring flexes creative muscles. Gaming provides outlets for innovation and ingenuity.
5. Teaches Perseverance
Games require learning skills, repeating levels and overcoming challenges to progress. This teaches gamers resilience when facing problems. By persevering through gameplay failure, gamers develop self-confidence.
6. Promotes Cooperation and Teamwork
Multiplayer games encourage communication, resource sharing, and problem-solving. Gamers learn team dynamics like assuming roles, collaboration, and group decision-making. These are valuable real-world skills.
7. Improves Memory
Gamers must remember controls, locations, characters, context and nuances of different games. A study found gamers had better working memory and retained more words than non-gamers.
8. Provides Exercise
Games involving physical movement like dance/exercise games or VR provide an engaging form of exercise. Sports-based games can also get gamers off the couch and moving. This promotes physical fitness.
9. Relieves Stress
The excitement, challenge and interactivity of games engages our minds, provides distraction from stressors and induces feelings of achievement. Gaming promotes relaxation and stress relief.
10. Connects People Socially
Co-op, multiplayer and online games enable social interactions with friends and make new connections. They build teamwork, communication and empathetic skills. Games create communities.
While excessive gaming has downsides, regular and moderate gameplay offers many benefits for mental and physical health. From improved cognition to social bonds, gaming positively impacts personal development when balanced with other activities. Overall, gaming matters and has value if responsibly integrated into life.

domain: game


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New annualised salary award provisions will apply from 1 March 2020
As part of the four yearly review of modern awards, the Fair Work Commission (FWC) has recently handed down a decision which will impact employers paying annualised salaries to employees covered by a modern award with an annualised salary clause. The FWC decision on annualised salary award provisions finalises the terms of three new standard ‘annualised wage arrangement’ clauses, which will replace the existing annualised salary clauses in the 19 modern awards already containing an annualised salary clause. The new terms will also be inserted into three modern awards which have not previously had an annualised salary clause.
What is an annualised salary arrangement?
Annualised wage (or salary) arrangements are permitted under a number of awards and allow an employer to pay a fixed annual wage in satisfaction of various award entitlements, including minimum weekly wages, allowances, overtime, penalty rates and annual leave loading. Most of the existing annualized wage award provisions are relatively simple to apply and allow employers a reasonable degree of flexibility and convenience when managing remuneration arrangements.
What is changing with annualised salary award provisions?
The new award annualised wage provisions are in generally consistent terms but there are important differences and employers should carefully review the arrangements for each award covered employee in their business to ensure compliance. Key changes to the award annualised wage provisions include:
- An employer may pay a full-time employee an annualised wage in satisfaction of minimum weekly wages, allowances, overtime penalty rates, weekend and other penalty rates and annual leave loading;
- The employer must advise the employee in writing and keep a record of:
o the annualised wage to be paid;
o the provisions of the award to be satisfied by the annualised wage;
o the method by which the annualised wage is calculated, including specification of each separate component of the annualised wage and any overtime or penalty assumptions used in the calculation;
o the outer limit number of ordinary hours which would attract payment of penalty rates under the award in a pay period or roster cycle; and
o the outer limit number of overtime hours which the employee may be required to work in a pay period or roster cycle;
- If an employee works hours in excess of either of the outer limits specified above during a pay period or roster cycle, those hours are not covered by the annualised wage and must be paid separately in accordance with the applicable award provisions. That is, these amounts must be paid on top of the annualised wage;
- The annualised wage must not be less than the minimum amounts payable under the award for work performed over the year for which the annualised wage is paid;
- Each 12 months following the commencement of the annualised wage arrangement or upon termination of the employment, the employer must calculate remuneration payable under the award and compare it to the annualised wage actually paid to the employee. Any shortfall must be rectified by the employer within 14 days;
- The employer must keep a record of the start and finish times, including any unpaid breaks taken, for each employee who is party to an annualised wage arrangement. This record must be signed by the employee or acknowledged in writing as being correct during each pay period or roster cycle. An electronic acknowledgement will be acceptable; and
- The model award clause to be inserted into certain awards where employees typically work highly variable hours requires that the employee and employer agree to the annualised wage arrangement (ie, employee consent is required) and allows either party to terminate the arrangement by giving the other 12 months’ written notice.
What should employers do to prepare for these changes?
We expect that many employers will find the new annualised wage arrangements difficult to implement and time-consuming to manage. Given this, employers should review the annualised wage provisions that will apply to your business from 1 March 2020 and start preparing for the introduction of the new arrangements or alternatively, seek advice about other compliant options.
What awards are affected by the new obligations?
Model Clause 1 will become the standard annualised wage arrangements clause for awards under which employees generally work relatively stable hours, namely the:
- Banking, Finance and Insurance Award 2010;
- Clerks – Private Sector Award 2010;
- Contract Call Centres Award 2010;
- Hydrocarbons Industry (Upstream) Award 2010;
- Legal Services Award 2010;
- Mining Industry Award 2010;
- Oil Refining and Manufacturing Award 2010 (clerical employees only);
- Salt Industry Award 2010;
- Telecommunications Services Award 2010;
- Water Industry Award 2010; and
- Wool Storage, Sampling and Testing Award 2010.
Model Clause 3 will become the standard annualised wage arrangements clause for awards under which employees work highly variable hours or significant ordinary hours which attract penalty rates under the award, namely the:
- Broadcasting and Recorded Entertainment Award 2010;
- Local Government Industry Award 2010;
- Manufacturing and Associated Industries and Occupations Award 2010;
- Oil Refining and Manufacturing Award 2010 (non-clerical employees);
- Pharmacy Industry Award 2010;
- Rail Industry Award 2010;
- Pastoral Award 2010; and
- Horticultural Award 2010.
The FWC has deferred the insertion of:
- Model Clause 3 in the Health Professionals and Support Services Award 2010 for supervisory and managerial staff; and
- Model Clause 4 in the Restaurant Industry Award 2010, the Marine Towage Award 2010 and the Hospitality Industry (General) Award 2010 in respect of non-managerial staff,
as it further considers these changes. A new operative date for these changes will be determined later.

domain: finance


text:
Table of Contents
- Three Principles in 1947 Japanese Constitution
- Legal System
- Court System
- Legislation—Bills, House and Committee Minutes
- Governmental Information
- Statutory Research
- Case Law Research
- a) Official Case Reports on the Web
- b) Unofficial Case Reports in Print and Electronic Format
- Citation Form/Romanization/Japanese Era Names
- Law Journals/ Law Reviews
- Legal Blogs
- Legal Publishers
- Legal Research Guides
- a) Legal Research Guides Outside of Japan
- b) Legal Research Guides in Japan
- c) Legal Research Guide in Print
III. Japanese Law by Topics
- Civil Law
- Criminal Law
- Product Liability and Consumer Protection
- a) Consumer Protection Law
- b) Consumer Policy
- Labor Law
- a) Employment Contracts and Collective Bargaining
- b) Gender Discrimination
- Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR)
A written history on Japan appears in the Chinese Book of Han, Kansho , 漢書 . A Chinese historical text, the Record of the Three Kingdoms , Sangokushi, 三国志 describes that the most powerful kingdom during the 3rd century was called Yama-taikoku. Although a unified regime was gradually established and Japan evolved into a cohesive society by the 8th century, the law was not codified. Japan adopted the Chinese legal codes called Ritsuryō in the 7th century, which is the first reception of foreign law. The second transplant in codifying the law was in the 19th century during the Meiji Restoration. As imperial rule was restored, following the feudal regime, the Meiji Government enacted various codes following Prussian and French models and the Constitution of Imperial Japan was enacted in 1889. The third transplant was after World War II. The democratization was deployed in Japan by U. S. Allied Occupation, and the new Japanese Constitution was enacted in 1946.
For more thorough historical back ground, refer to the history section of the AsianL II Japan.
The 1947 constitution consists of thirty-one articles, and three principles of the 1947 constitutions are 1) the sovereignty vested in the Japanese people (Article 1), 2) fundamental human rights (Article 11), and 3) Pacifism (Article 9). The 1947 Japanese Constitution also grants a legal anchoring for women’s rights in Article 14, which institutes legal equality of opportunity for men and women in relations between citizens and the State. “All of the people are equal under the law and there shall be no discrimination in political, economic or social relations because of race, creed, sex, social status or family origin.” Also, the 1947 constitution structures the separation of powers for the governmental system: Legislative (Diet), Executive (Cabinet), and Judicial power (Courts).
The Japanese legal system is based on the civil law system, following the model of European legal systems, especially those of Germany and France. Japan established its legal system when imperial rule to Japan was restored in 1868—the Meiji Restoration. The Meiji Constitution was the organic law of the Japanese empire in effect from 1890 to 1945. After Japan’s defeat in World War II, there was a major legal reform, and the constitution was drawn up under the Allied Occupation, with U S influence. The current Japanese legal system is a hybrid of continental and American law.
Judicial power is vested in the Supreme Court and lower courts (High Courts, District Courts, Family Courts and Summary Courts). Japan’s court system is divided into four tiers. The first tier of courts is the 438 summary courts which deal with minor criminal cases and civil cases for less than 1,400,000 yen claims. The second is the district courts, the principal courts of first instance, which deal with most of civil, criminal and administrative law cases. Since 2009 all district courts and some of their branches have held criminal proceedings with lay assessors (saiban-in) for the most serious criminal offenses involving possible sentences of death or life imprisonment. There are 50 district and family courts with additional 203 branches. In addition to adjudicate cases, district courts, family courts, and summary courts also offer mediation services. There are eight H igh Courts . There also exists the Intellectual Property High Court . There is one Supreme Court with rule-making power.
Independence of judiciary is guaranteed by the Constitution. Most judges are virtually life-time employees of a national governmental bureaucracy. The judgments of the Supreme Court are considered to be binding on lower courts. The decisions of the high courts are very influential in the lower courts. Judicial decisions regarded as being important, are compiled and codified. Judiciary statistics can be found on the Courts in Japan website.
1.Legislation—Bills, House and Committee Minutes
Legislative power is reside in the National Diet and is the only law-making body in Japan. There are two chambers of parliament: House of Councilors Upper Diet (Sangi-In) and House of Representatives —Lower Diet (Shūgi-In). Japanese politics encompasses the multi-party system. Many bills are drafted by government agencies and submitted through the Cabinet and posted on their websites . Also, Diet members can draft and submit a bill if there are a certain number of cosponsors. The bills since the 142 Diet Session (1998) can be found on the House of Representatives web site. The bills from the ministries and other agencies can be found on the web site of the prime minister and his cabinet, Kankōchō linku shū .
Statutes are promulgated after they are passed by the Congress. The emperor promulgates them and new legislation is published in Kanpō ( Gazettes ). They are available at no cost in PDF format at the Website of t he National Printing Bureau . The last five days of Kanpō are available to the general public. Kanpō is updated weekly on the Prime Minister’s Office web site after the legislation has been enacted in the Diet. At the website of House of Representative, Seitei Hōritsu , laws passed by the Congress since 1947 are available except for most recent ones. Minutes of each House and committee are searchable at the Website supported by the National Diet Library.
Since the Freedom of information Act was passed in May 1999, numerous resources for governmental information has become available on the Web. Before the legislation was enacted, many governmental sites had started to provide their information via the Internet. On the web, there are numerous resources for government information such as current laws, cabinet orders, and ministry ordinances, white papers , and statistical data . Also, there is an index, Nihon Hōrei Sakuin , to current and abolished laws, treaties, regulations, and bills. E-Gov is a portal website of government information administered by the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications. Also, currents laws can be found through a commercial database, Hōko . Accumulated Government documents can be searched on the site of theGovernment Printing Office .
The Roppō is a collection of Japanese laws, and the most important legal material for Japanese legislation and regulations. “ Roppō ” comes from the enactment of six fundamental codes: the Constitution(Kenpō), the Civil Code (Minpō), the Code of Civil Procedure ( Minji Soshōhō ), the Commercial Code (Shōhō), the Criminal Code (Keihō), and the Code of Criminal Procedure (Keiji Soshōhō). Roppō is an unofficial legal material and various types of Roppō are published by different publishers with various formats such as DVD-ROM, CD-ROM, and Web products. The Roppō Zensho , 六法全書 , published annually by Yūhikaku is widely used in Japan. Also, there are open access websites for each code and published in CD-ROM format. Hōrei Zensho published by Kokuritsu Insatsukyoku covers laws since 1867 and has a subject and word index. As a long standing series of English translations of Japanese laws, the EHS Law Bulletin Series has been published by the Eibun Hōreisha since 1946. As one of the objectives of the Justice System Reform in Japan, English translations of Japanese laws have become more available since 2004, although the definitive version of Japanese law is in the Japanese text, and there are no official English translations of Japanese laws.
Except for Supreme Court cases, judgments are reported at a small percentage, and an unreported judgment can be obtained by requesting a copy in person at the record office of each court. Lower court decisions of intellectual property cases and labor law cases have been available since July 1999. The case naming method is different in Japan. There is no actual case name system. The name of the court and date of the judgment are generally used to search a case. Parties’ names are not used if individuals are parties. Therefore, parties’ names are not queried in searching cases. Names of Corporations may be used for the title of the case name.
Official case reports in Japanese, which have been published since 1947, are available on the Saibanrei Jōhō website, and the case reports, including administrative and labor laws related cases, are searchable by keywords. Official case reports in Japanese language from the Supreme Court and other lower courts in the last three months, as well as case reports from the Intellectual Property High Court in the last one month are also found at the Saikin no Saibanrei Website for recent judgment reports. English translations of some of the Supreme Court’s judgments can be found on the Supreme Court Website .
Several court report journals are published. Each issue has case interpretation and analysis, the essential elements of the court decisions, and comments. Hanrei Jihō published by Hanrei Jihōsha includes important cases and gives key point of judgments. Juristuto (Jurist) published by Yūhikaku, which is equivalent to the Harvard Law Review, features main topics with several articles and reports on new legislation and notable cases with interpretation and analysis. Jurisprudence books including treatises, dictionaries, and journals are produced by numerous publishers mainly in Japan, and three major legal publishers are Yūhikaku, Dai-Ichi Hōki , and Gyōsei.
The commercial databases have played a vital role in Japanese case law research because cases are not fully published. In addition to Westlaw Japan and LexisNexisJP , there are three more full text databases with different functionalities. The text of t hese databases is in Japanese language. LEX/DB Internet produced by TKC also produces a legal database called “ Law Library ,” which is customized for a law school curriculum. Dai-Ichi Hōki has a full text database called D1-Law.com .
5.Citation Form/Romanization/Japanese Era Names
There is an English version of the citation form published by the University of Washington in1967 entitled Form of Citation of Japanese Legal Materials. On the Web, Keiō University has the websites, how to cite a case and how to cite a law , Kobe University digitized Japanese legal citation in Japanese. Also, in 2014, the Hōritsu Bunken tō no Shutten no Hyōji hōhō was published. University of Washington Manual of International Legal Citation is also a useful tool. Another important resource is the scheme for Romanization. The Library of Congress has a list of Romanization . Also, the Japanese era names and conversion website will be a useful tool.
Reference: Dan Fenno Henderson, “Form of Citation of Japanese Legal Materials” (1967) 42 Wash. L. Rev. 589.
6.Law Journals/ Law Reviews
Jurisuto , Hōgaku Kyōshitsu , Hōritsu Jihō and Hōgaku Seminā are all widely read legal magazines. Hōgaku Kyōshitsu is for law school students and is a companion to the Juristuto , with comments on cases by scholars. Hōritsu Jihō, published by Nihon Hyōronsha, has a list of comments on recent cases. Hōgaku Seminā published by Nihon Hyōronsha gives descriptions and commentary on cases.Minshōhō Zasshi published by Yūhikaku is a leading journal on private law and cases related to civil and commercial codes. NBL (New Business Law) published by Shōji Hōmu focuses on the fields of business, property, and credit. Gendai Keijihō published by Gendai Hōritsu Shuppan covers criminal cases. Legal journals on Japanese law in English are Asian-Pacific Law and Policy Journal (APLPJ), Asia-Pacific Journal: Japan Focus , Hitotsubashi Journal of Law & Politics published by Hitotsubashi Daigaku, and the Journal of Japanese Law published by Deutsch-Japanische Juristenvereinigung (Doku-Nichi Ho ̄ritsuka Kyo ̄ kai). For social security law and labor law, the Ōhara Institute at Hōsei University provides a database of articles in these fields.
Because of scholarly electronic publishing initiatives in Japan, many universities make their law reviews accessible through their academic institutional repository program. Institutional repositories such as JAIRO are reaping both short term and ongoing benefits for universities and legal scholars around the world. Articles in law reviews digitized in their institutional repository on the Web are searchable through Google Scholar and there is a link to the CiNii Articles website. CiNii Articles produced by the National Institute of Informatics provides links to an online catalog of over 1,200 academic institutions in Japan and access to over twelve million books and journal titles, and is a gateway to academic articles in the National Diet Library’s Japanese Periodicals Index Database.
For news, Asahi Shinbun , Mainichi News , Yomiuri News and Nihon Keizai Shinbun distribute their stories via the web. Asahi Shinbun has also had a full-text commercial database for their news since 1986. For English readers, The Japan Times , Nikkei Net and Mainichi Daily News distribute legal news in English.
The legal blogosphere in the United States has been active for quite some time; however, law-related blogs are a relatively new media for reporting Japanese legal news. Japanese Law Blog garners current news and information about Japanese law. Japanese Law and the Asia-Pacific focus on Japanese law in Asia-Pacific Socio-Economic content. The Australian Network for Japanese Law (ANJeL) also promotes communications on Japanese law in Australia. ” Attony Ochiai’s Page ” provides law related news daily. The number of lawyers and law professors’ blogs is small at this time. Blogs have become an increasingly popular and powerful resource for finding Japanese law-related information, Global Legal Monitor Japan .
Numerous publishers produce law books including treatises, dictionaries, and journals in Japan. Some legal publishers have started to provide their book catalogs online. Examples include Nihon Hyōronsha , Yūhikaku , Dai-Ichi Hōki , Hanrei Timuzusha and Shin-Nihon Hōki . Shin Nihon Hōki Shuppan and Yūhikaku make legal e-books available.
Yūhikaku is a well-known legal publisher in Japan and publishes a compiled version of laws and cases such as the Roppo the Compendium of Laws – a collection of codes, important laws and ordinances often used by legal practitioners. Some publishers in Japan distribute CDs containing cases that have been published in print case reports, and they also support online databases similar to Westlaw and LexisNexis.
- Japanese Legal Research : University of Washington
- Legal Research Guide: Japan : Library of Congress
- AsianLII : Asian Legal Information Institute
- World LII : World Legal Information Institution
- Japanese Law Research Guide : University of California Hastings College of the Law Library
- KITIE : Keiō University
- Japan Legal Information Institute : Nagoya University
- Hōgaku Hōritsu : Hokusei Gakuen University
- Risāchi Nabi National Diet Library
- Rīgaru Risāchi no Dōgubako Osaka University
- Mariko Ishikawa, Noriko Murai, Yasuko Fujii, Makoto Ibusuki. 2012. Rīgaru Risa ̄ chi = Legal Research. To ̄ kyo ̄ : Nihon Hyo ̄ ronsha.
- d) Legal Research Study in Japan
- Jōhō Kanri Web
- Rīgaru Risa ̄ chi Nyūmon Legal Research for the Practical Tips 55 Jōhō Kanri 511 (2012)
III.Japanese Law by Topics
The body of private law, Civil Code (Law No.89 of 1896) was promulgated in 1896 and went into effect in 1898. The code was heavily influenced by the French and German Civil Codes. After the American occupation in 1945, the Code remained unchanged except for the sections of the fifth (family law) and the six (inheritance law), which had followed Japanese feudalism traditions. The first Code of Civil Procedure (CCP) was legislated in 1891 modeled on the 1877 German CCP and overall revisions were made in 1927 modeled after Austrian CCP. Although the postwar modifications revised the CCP in an Anglo-American style to introduce the adversary principle at the oral argument stage and to confirm the principle of the rule of law and constitutional safeguards for fundamental human rights, the basic structure remained in effect until 1996. More recent amendments of the CCP (Act No. 109 of 2006) were in 2003 to place greater emphasis on expediting proceedings stressed in the 2001 recommendations of the Judicial Reform Council.
- Mark Levin, ” Civil Justice and the Constitution: Limits on Instrumental Judicial Administration in Japan ” (2010) 20 Pacific Rim Law & Policy Journal 265.
- Yasuhei Taniguchi, ” How Much Does Japanese Civil Procedure Belong to Civil Law and to Common Law ?” (2009) paper presented at the IAPL conference, Toronto, accessed March 29, 2014.
- Yasuhei Taniguchi, 2007. “The Development of the Adversary System in Japanese Civil Procedure” in Dan Foote (ed) Law in Japan: A Turning Point. Seattle, University of Washington Press.
In 1880, the Meiji Government adopted the first official Panel Code, based on French models, such the Napoleonic Code. In 1907, a new code was lay down and several amendments were made since then. The most important revision was in 1947 pursuant to the principles of the new postwar Constitution, which fully guarantees fundamental human rights. The Code of Criminal Procedure, Chizaiho , was legislated in 1890. A new Code of Criminal Procedure modeled on German law was enacted in 1922. During the post-War legal reform under the American occupation, the present Code of Criminal Procedure was enacted in 1948 to reflect the growing influence of the Anglo-American legal system. Therefore the criminal justice of Japan adopted a mixture of characteristics of the continental European legal system in Penal Code and an Anglo-American style in Code of Criminal Procedure. In order to reinforce the Japanese judicial system, a bill was enacted in 2004 to reinstitute a qusai-juri (saiban-in ) system. Japan had a jury trial law since 1923 until 1943. The Code of Criminal Procedure was revised and the jury trial came in to effect in 2009.
- Outline of Criminal Procedures in Japan Supreme Court of Japan accessed September 3, 2014.
- The Code of Criminal Procedure (ACT NO. 131 of 1948) , accessed March 29, 2014.
- Kazuko Ito, “ Rule of Law and Criminal Justice Reform in Japan , ” (2011) 6 National Taiwan University Law Review 367. TU L. Rev. 367 (2011)
- Law in Japan a Turning Point. 2007 Daniel H. Foote (ed) Seattle, University of Washington Press.
- Makoto Ibusuki, “ Quo Vadis ? First Year Inspection to Japanese Mixed Jury Trial ” (2010) 12 Asian-Pacific Law and Policy Journal 25, accessed September 3, 2014.
- Kent Anderson and Emma Saint, trans. ” Japan’s ‘quasi-jury’ (Saibanin) Law ” (2005) 6 Asian-Pacific Law and Policy Journal 233, accessed March 29, 2014.
Japanese civil law normalizes any contracts that are not complied with public policy to be invalid. Although it may protect consumers from extreme cases, it doesn’t regulate an adequate protection against product defects. In May 1968, the Consumer Protection Fundamental Act was legislated as the basic framework for consumer policies and was amended in May 2003. Based on various measures to secure legal protections, the Consumer Protection Fundamental Act was renamed and enacted as the Consumer Basic Act in May 2004.
Aftermath of the collapsed Bubble Economy in Japan, some general civil rules for relations between consumers and business ventures were launched in the 1990s and onward to meet the challenges of the globalized market by implementing deregulation for a market-driven and consumer-oriented marketplace economy. The Product Liability Act (Law No. 85 of 1994) was promulgated in 1995. It defines the key terms of product, defect and manufacturer.
The Consumer Safety Act (Law No. 50 of 1999) was enacted in 1999 and amended in 2012. It ensures fair interaction between service providers and consumers and consumers’ safety. The lack of inherent information and power imbalances in markets justify government intervention for greater transparency about the goods and services, promotion of competitive markets, prevention of fraud, education of customers, and elimination of unfair practices. Later on Forty Eighth Cabinet Office issued Consumer Safety Law Enforcement Regulations ( Ordinance No. 28 August, 2009) to enforce consumer safety regulations in 2009.
The Consumer Contract Act (Law No. 61 of 2000) took effect in May 2000 to be applied to every contract between consumers and business operators to regulate not only unfair consumer contract, but also unfair commercial practices. The Whistleblower Protection Act ( Act No. 122) was enacted in June 2004 to protect whistleblowers from disadvantages treatments, in-house bodies of corporations, administrative institutions, and other institutions outside corporations.
- Shōhisha no Mado (Consumers Window) 消費者の窓
- Luke Nottage, “Product Liability and Safety Regulation” in Gerald McAlnn(ed). Japanese Business Law (Kluwer 2007)
- Masahiko Takizawa, ” Consumer Protection in Japanese Contract Law ” (2009) 37 Hitotsubashi Journal of Law and Politics 31.
- Jason F. Cohen, ” The Japanese Product Liability Law: Sending: A Pro-Consumer Tsunami through Japan’s Corporate and Judicial Worlds ” (1997) 21 Fordham International Law Journal.108.
The first consumer policy regime was established in the mid-1960s in Japan to promote a pro-consumer attitude in Japan’s legal and corporate spheres. In order to enhance the effectiveness of such legal regulation, it cannot avoid combining legal polices to stabilize and promote the consumers-enterprises relationship. Due to the expansion of the globalised market and the growth of internet transactions, consumer related troubles have rapidly increased. The Consumer Policy Committee of the Quality-of-life Policy Council made recommendations in April 2002 to establish new consumer policies for the 21st century and to ensure consumer rights to provide necessary information for safety of products. The recommendation included the effectiveness of polices and the basic direction and measurement to rationalize contracts with consumers.
- Consumer Policy Regime in Japan
- Consumer Affairs Agency Government of Japan
Although the labor law in Japan was legislated under the occupation of GHQ of the United States, much of Japanese labor law is adopted from German, English, and French legal sources. Japan’s labor law is comprised by the Constitution as its apex and the civil code, criminal law, and administrative regulations. The fundamental provisions in the Constitution define labor law principles and rights in Articles 25, 27 and 28. The basic principle governing the legal regulation in the labor law reflects the systems of rights and obligations in related laws.
The Civil Code and the Labor Standards Act (Law no. 49 1947) regulate the employment contacts between individual employers and workers. The Labor Standards Acts provides the basic concepts of a labor contract, as well as the methods for the wage decision, calculation, and wage scale. Under the Civil Code, the minimum standards for working conditions and industrial accidental compensation systems were established. The Civil code provisions in Article 12 endow the collective bargaining agreement with a binding effect on the labor contract. In 2013, The Labor Contracts Act was amended that employees are entitled to convert a fixed term contract to an indefinite term employment contract.
b) Gender Discrimination
The Labor Standards Law governs the relationship between labor and management. Article 4 of the Labor Standards Act prohibits discrimination in pay based on gender. A legal principle based on Article 90 of the Civil Code to nullify any juristic act has been developed by the courts to enforce the Constitutional principle of equality in Article 14 and to supplement to limited protections again gender discrimination outside of wage considerations in the Labor Standards Law . The United Nations Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) was ratified by the Japanese government in 1985, and the first version of the Equal Employment Opportunity Law was legislated and it was revised in 1997 to strengthen the legal mechanism against gender discrimination. Further revisions were made to EEOL in 2006 to broaden the applicability of the EEOL to both female and male employees and to add provisions addressing demotion, alternation of employment status, and coercion to forceful retirement.
- Labor Laws of Japan
- 2012 Amendment Act on Securing, Etc. of Equal Opportunity and Treatment between Men and Women in Employment
- Robbi Louise Miller, ” The Quiet Revolution: Japanese Women Working around the Law ” (2013) 26 Harvard Women’s Law Journal 163.
- Dan Tidten, “Equality-Oriented Policies in Japan” (2012) 33 Journal of Japanese Law 51.
- Megan L. Starch,” The 2006 Revision to Japan’s Equal Opportunity Employment Law ” (2007) 16 Pacific Rim Law & Policy Journal 551, accessed March 29, 2014.
- Kazuo Sugeno and Leo Kanowitz trans. 1992. Japanese Labor Law. Seattle. University of Washington Press.
5. Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR)
In Japan there are three types of ADR: Judicial (Court-Annexed), governmental (administrative), and private. In lieu of court proceedings, Judicial ADR is regarded as a preferred approach to conciliate civil disputes and conflicting domestic relations. The first conciliation system (chōtei) was established by the Landlord-Tenant Conciliation law of 1922 (No. 41, 1922 Shakuchi Shakuya Chōtei Hō ) to mediate the dispute from the outset of the proceeding. Also, there are a subsequent series of laws treating specific cases of conciliation, such as Farm Tenancy Conciliation Law of 1924 (No. 18, 1924 Kosaku Chōtei Hō), Commercial Affairs Conciliation Law of 1926 (No. 42, 1926 Shōji Chōtei Hō ), Labor Disputes Conciliation Law of 1926 (No. 57, 1926 Rōdō Sōgi Chōtei Hō ), Monetary Claims Temporary Conciliation law of 1932 (No. 26, 1932 Kinsen Saimu Rinji Chōtei Hō ). In 1951, the Civil Conciliation Law [Minji Chōtei Hō] was solidified in line with the socioeconomic and democratization movements in Japan to institute the general judicial conciliation system with special provisions for various kinds of disputes.
Governmental disputes arising in the areas of their respective administrative authorities are handled by their own ADR systems. For instance, the National Consumer Affairs Center itself serves as an ADR institution to settle consumer complaints or to prevent consumers from any damage by raising consumer awareness. The labor or union related disputes and the issues on the pharmaceutical industry are overseen by the Ministry of Health and Labor. These administrative ADR programs often offer consultation, mediation, and adjudication/arbitration services.
As part of the 1999 Justice System Reforms, the Law on Promotion of Use of Alternative Dispute Resolution was enacted in 2004 ( No. 151 of 2004 ) to stipulate the authorized organizations and to promote the use of arbitration by such organizations. The new Arbitration Act establishes the fundamental ADR policies and a certification scheme for conciliation and mediation services delivered by private ADR and complies with the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law ( UNCITRAL ) Model Law .
Source - PTI


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Hard Rock Hotels Set The Stage For Unforgettable Love Stories – newkerala.com
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Sri Lanka, on February 7, auctioned 135 Indian fishing boats seized for “encroaching Sri Lankan waters”. Surprisingly, the auction took place …


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2018-6-7 in other words just as there were stages to children’s cognitive development so there were also universal stages to their moral development. 2018-6-14 piaget's theory of moral development describes how piaget ties moral development to cognitive what are kohlberg's stages of adolescent moral development. 2018-6-11 moral development research paper starter kohlberg's moral development stages were the highest stage of cognitive development each of the six stages.
A close follower of jean piaget 's theory of cognitive development, of moral development, lawrence kohlberg's approach to into various stages of. 2006-1-23 of cognitive stages” (kohlberg, the “hard” moral stages that somehow eluded this chapter describes the development of moral stage theory as it emerged. Moral development during the adolescent years can be defined as moral development: concerning the wrongfulness of various acts jean piaget cognitive.
2018-6-14 evaluation of kohlberg's theory of moral development evaluation of kohlberg’s theory of moral the understanding of moral development in various stages. 2015-1-30 cognitive development, adding higher cognitive stages such as post-formal operations and advanced cognitive domains such as moral reasoning and self. 2012-3-21 rest’s (1986) moral reasoning and kohlberg’s (1976) cognitive moral development theory perceived person-organization ethical fit at various stages.2018-6-12 children go through various stages of creative development separate from what is the definition of creative development a: moral development can be bot. 2014-4-28 learning at various stages of growth and development 2 in defining the key milestones in the cognitive development of developmental stages. 2013-9-5 behavioral ethics 1 this approach stressed the role of cognitive development and process stages involved across these various models, the moral development. 2005-10-14 this chapter presents an integrative approach to social cognitive and moral development by the development of socio-moral the moral stages is.
2003-8-22 theories of cognitive and moral development of cognitive development in three stages growth in our moral development 2) that these stages include a. There are six stages of social and moral development though there are various similarities between the stages of cognitive development there are various. Mgmt 1125 - chapter 6 as a person progresses through the stages of moral development, kohlberg's six stages of cognitive moral development can be.
2012-10-10 kohlberg's stages of moral development once kohlberg had classified the various responses into stages, he experiences some cognitive. 2017-12-19 the physiological and psychological development of on moral development provides valuable four stages in their cognitive development.
2018-6-9 cognitive cognitive psychology are there distinct stages of moral development kohlberg claims that there are, the evidence for distinct stages of moral. 2011-6-30 depending on the individual’s cognitive moral development-stage, teleological considerations influences of the wider cultural environment on the various stages of. Week 8 assignment social and moral development forming processes of a child in the various stages while a child checkpoint stages of cognitive development. 2018-5-8 developmental psychology seeks to address various aspects of human development, cognitive, social, moral, following stages of development as the.Download
2018. Term Papers.


The question was asked of 1000 NFC-equipped smartphone users. Six out of ten did not know.
NFC technology: still poorly known
Near Field Communication is a type of contactless communication technology for exchanging information over very short distances (maximum of a few centimetres) between a mobile terminal (after confirmation by the user) and a receiver.
Today NFC is little used because it is poorly known, as the results of a survey conducted by Clear Channel Communications in the US and Great Britain show.
While 6 out of 10 people surveyed didn’t know they had NFC on their mobile phones, 51% had nevertheless heard about this technology and 18% had already used it.
After being shown what NFC could do, 60% of respondents said they were very interested.
Interesting technology lacking publicity
NFC is already used, among other applications, for exchanging information between mobile devices, secure m-payments, electronic travel passes and ticket services.
Confronted with their obvious lack of knowledge about NFC, the people surveyed suggested several potential sources of information: mobile network operators (73%), businesses using NFC (61%), mobile phone manufacturers (51%), mobile terminal retailers (50%), banks (42%), businesses using NFC smart posters (33%), advertising and marketing agencies (20%), and governments (19%).
NFC ready for take-off
Deloitte has estimated that there will be 200 million NFC-compatible mobile telephones in existence in 2013, and according to a Berg Insight analysis: 700 million in 2016, compared with 30 million in 2011.


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Integrative Medicine Blog
The Role of Food and Supplements in Detoxification During Lyme Disease Treatment
The liver is the most important organ for the daily required detoxification process in order to maintain health and balance.
Since the early 1950s more than 90,000 new chemicals have been developed, increasing our environmental burden. In addition to having to contend with these daily environmental toxins in the air, our water and food, the liver must metabolize the end product of medications including those used in the treatment of lyme disease and other tick born illnesses as well as the die off of bacteria during treatment.
Some of the more important foods and supplements which may be recommended to aid the liver in its detoxification pathways are:
Those rich in Vitamin A,B2, B3, C, E, folate, iron, magnesium, copper, zinc and selenium, such as: cruciferous vegetables like broccoli, cauliflower, brussel sprouts and cabbage; bulb plants like onions, garlic, leeks, scallions; and leafy greens like dandelion, kale, spinach, chard.
CoQ10 : a required co enzyme that helps aid the body in oxygen delivery to cells and organs. It is often seen at low levels in chronic diseases such as Lyme disease;
Glutathione: one of the most important proteins involved in the liver detoxification process. It is made up of glutamate, cysteine and the glycine. It is primarily synthesized in the liver, aids in the metabolism of toxins, is involved in DNA synthesis and repair, prevents oxidative cell damage as well as enhances immune system function.
NAC (N-acetyl cysteine): As a precursor for the body’s glutathione production, adding NAC supplementation to one’s diet can yield a four fold increase in glutathione synthesis.
Curcumin: increases the efficiency with which the liver processes the detoxification pathway. In addition to this, curcumin has a varied number of other health benefits including it’s excellent anti-inflammatory effects, anti-oxidant, antiviral and antiprotozoal properties. It is also known to induce cancer cell death, and decrease brain plaque in Alzheimer’s patients.
Milk Thistle: composed of silymarin (30%) and silybin (70%) this supplement helps alter outer cell membranes that prevents toxic penetration as well as enhances transfers to decrease toxic metabolites in liver and intestine.

domain: biology


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Reconnaissance geology, geophysics, and geochemistry of the southeastern part of the Lewis and Clark Range, Montana : a study identifying a weak lead-zinc mineralized belt, 30 miles long, that is stratigraphically and structurally controlled / by Melville R. Mudge, Ralph L. Erickson, and Dean Kleinkopf ; with spectrographic data by G.C. Curtin and A.P. Marranzino ; and a section on Isotopic composition of lead by R.E. Zartman.
- Physical Description: 1 online resource (iii, 35 pages, 4 pages of plates) : illustrations, maps (some color).
- Publisher: [Washington, D.C.] : United States Department of the Interior, Geological Survey, 1968.
- Distributor: Washington : United States Government Printing Office
|General Note:|| Title from title screen (viewed September 15, 2014).
|Bibliography, etc. Note:|| Includes bibliographical references (pages 33-35).
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|Subject:||Geology > Montana > Lewis and Clark County.
Geochemistry > Montana > Lewis and Clark County.
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- Geological Survey bulletin ; 1252-E
- Contributions to economic geology
- Geological Survey bulletin ; 1252-E.
- Contributions to economic geology.


When two-time WNBA champion Maya Moore ducked into Brianna Turner’s Manvel (Texas) High classroom on Thursday, there was instant recognition by the Mavericks’ senior forward. But Moore was there to reverse that equation, surprising the teen with the 2013-14 Gatorade National Girls Basketball Player of the Year award.
“I’m pretty shocked,” said Turner, 17, a Notre Dame commit. “Usually I’m out in front of stuff and know what’s coming, but Maya Moore walking into my classroom and presenting that trophy? I didn’t see that coming. All I’m thinking about now is how I can take this momentum to Notre Dame next year. The players who have won this award, I watch play on TV and that’s humbling.”
The 6-foot-3 wing led the Mavericks to a 38-2 record and the Class 5A state championship this past season, averaging 20.8 points, 11.5 rebounds, 4.2 steals, 3.9 blocks and 3.7 steals in just 23 minutes per game.Turner has also captured five gold medals with Team USA, including the 2013 FIBA U19 World Championship as well as the 2013 FIBA 3×3 U18 World Championship.
“It’s so special to be a part of this,” said Moore, 24, a four-time All-American at UConn who won Gatorade national honors in 2007. “It brings back a lot of memories to see a player and her school and her community so excited. Every opportunity in our society to recognize women athletes for their ability, academics and character should be celebrated.”
A McDonald’s High School All-American Game selection and a WBCA All-American, Turner scored 17 points on only six field goal attempts to go along with 17 rebounds and three blocks in a 58-53, title-clinching upset of Duncanville. She captured MVP honors at the state final. The Panthers had won 105 straight games before falling to Tuner and Manvel.
The Gatorade Player of the Year award recognizes outstanding athletic excellence as well as high standards of academic achievement and exemplary character demonstrated on and off the court. Turner is now a finalist for the Gatorade Female High School Athlete of the Year award. USA TODAY High School Sports administrates the nationwide selection process in collaboration with Gatorade.
Turner has maintained a 3.73 GPA in the classroom. An active member of Manvel’s Friends of Rachel Club, a chapter of the national Rachel’s Challenge student-empowerment organization, she has volunteered on behalf of the Houston Food Bank, Habitat for Humanity and the RCS Sports back-to-school charity drive for students in need.
Turner becomes the 28th prep athlete from Texas to win national Gatorade honors in any sport, second only to California’s 60. She joins a distinguished list of national-winner alumni from the Lone Star State, including two-time Cy Young Award-winner Clayton Kershaw (Highland Park, Dallas), who won in 2006, current University of Texas running back Johnathan Gray (Aledo), the 2011 winner in football, and Olympic track and field silver medalist Kerron Clement (LaPorte), who won in 2003.
Behind California and Texas, Florida—with 20—has produced the next-most national winners in the award program’s 29-year history followed by Illinois (15), Indiana (12) and Virginia (10).


VIDEO: Tough choices await Qatar expat as father prepares to move ‘home’
Mkachar now has some difficult choices to make. Staying in Qatar would require retaining family or employment sponsorship, since the path to citizenship here is restrictive at best.
Moving would mean starting over somewhere that she has never known.
Speaking to Doha News, Mkachar said she hasn’t made any decisions yet. She added that she chose to focus on this subject because it is a “classic expat dilemma.”
Read the full text news in resource site…
Source News: Doha News
Photo: Screenshot of Youtube


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Our campuses are currently closed to the public. Visit www.massey.ac.nz/coronavirus for our COVID-19 updates
The dynamic interaction between plants, people and the environment, primarily in the fruit and vegetable sectors. An integrative analysis of the underlying production systems, industry structures and organisation including an introduction to seed science and technology. An intensive practical programme.
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Pewaukee, WI, December 9, 2019 – The Wellness Network, a leader in patient education and engagement solutions, received four National Health Information Awards for HealthClips patient education videos. The following videos received awards:
Gold Award: Why Opioids are Addictive – This video is part of a series in our Mental & Emotional Health Library and explains why Opioids are addictive drugs and how they impact a person’s brain.
Gold Award: The Benefits of Palliative Care – This video is part of our Palliative & Advance Care Planning Library and provides patients and caregivers an overview of palliative care: what it is, how it interacts with their ongoing care, the holistic interdisciplinary team approach, and how taking advantage of this service can bring comfort, confidence, and strength while living with a serious illness.
Bronze Award: Treating Heart Failure: Medications, Devices, and Surgery – This video is part of our Cardiology Library and explains different ways that heart failure can be treated by medications, devices, and heart surgery.
Merit Award: What is Bipolar Disorder – This video is part of our Mental & Emotional Health Library and explains Bipolar Disorder. In this video patients learn about this mental illness, which causes dramatic swings in mood, and how psychotherapy and medications can help people manage their bipolar disorders and live productive lives.
“We are honored to be recognized for our work,” said Carrie Beaudoin, Production Manager. “Our production and content teams are dedicated to working with our national advisors to develop evidence-based education that both engages and inspires action in those who view them.”
The Wellness Network’s HealthClips videos are designed to support shared decision-making, improve knowledge, enhance skills, and increase engagement, all with the goal of boosting overall health outcomes. As a leading publisher and distributor of patient education with over 40 years of experience in producing evidence-based patient resources, The Wellness Network has a reputation for delivering high-quality, engaging, and accurate videos and printable education.
Using various technologies, HealthClips can be broadcast via in-hospital and waiting room TVs, delivered on tablets, made available online, or distributed via integrated technology like hospital EMRs.
HealthClips consists of a collection of therapeutic libraries, all of which are designed to provide relevant, consistent and relatable education across the care continuum – from initial diagnosis through hospitalization, discharge, recovery and ongoing self-management.


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The inspiration challenge on Splitcoast is all about buttons. Love it! I love buttons. I chose this inspiration pin and it reminded me of a plaid paper I have. The rest of my card fell into place from there.
The Funny Bones stamp line from Riley & Co. has quickly become a favourite since they were introduced. I have a wee collection of them now and I really love making funny cards. I was going to make a card for new years using this sentiment, but I have another idea up my sleeve for that post (Come back for my Season of Giving blog hop post on New Years Day - so much inspiration and so many chances to win from every blog participating!!). My other favourite source for cheeky sentiments is TLC Creations.
This plaid paper is an older paper from Basic Grey, Bow Ties, but it was just too perfect for this challenge, and I have a particular weakness for plaid paper - I have quite a bit of it.
I've used Timeless Rectangle to create this side border and sentiment frame. The sentiment was cut and embossed using Classic Rectangles Lg. This magnificent paper bow was cut using Becca Feeken's new die set Tiered Multi-loop Bows. It is so easy to use with gorgeous results!! This is another set that has quickly become a favourite of mine.
Season's Greetings and Merry Christmas to you in these final days leading up to Christmas.
stamps; hangovers (riley & co)
paper; bow ties, figgy pudding (basic grey); white (bazzill)
ink; onyx black versafine (tsukineko)

domain: design


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Green energy specialist to add solar arrays at existing wind farms in Devon and Leicestershire
Ecotricity has today announced it has gained planning permission to build two new solar farms at existing wind farm sites in Devon and Leicestershire, paving the way for some of the first ‘hybrid energy...
Solar generation soars to 8.7GW on the back of scorching weather across the country - breaking previous generation record of 8.48GW set earlier this month
Hot weather heading into the bank holiday prompts National Grid to forecast solar generation "in excess of 8GW" - putting Britain on track to beat 8.48GW generation record set in May
Virtual pop band teams up with energy giant E.ON to create solar-powered music studio for creative music projects
The unlikely story of how businesses backed the state's emissions reduction policies. Will they follow the same playbook for US and global policies?


It’s been less than six months since the release of the last OnePlus phone, the OnePlus 3, and already the phone maker has released a better version.
The new OnePlus 3T, as it is called, is $40 more expensive than the $399 OnePlus 3 but adds a faster and more power-efficient Qualcomm Snapdragon 821 processor. OnePlus said it upgraded the phone’s file system algorithm to improve the launch speed of large apps and games. The 6 GB of RAM also helps speed up app loads and multitasking.
“We developed the OnePlus 3T to bring significant improvements with new technology that is available today, so that our customers do not have to wait for the best possible user experience,” said OnePlus founder and CEO Pete Lau.
OnePlus 3T also packs a new 3,400 mAh battery, which has 13% more capacity than the OnePlus 3’s 3,000 mAh battery. The new phone uses the Dash Charge fast-charging technology introduced in the OnePlus 3.
The rear camera gets upgraded to a 16 megapixel lens. The OnePlus 3 camera had Optical Image Stabilization, and so does the 3T, but the 3T adds Electronic Image Stabilization (EIS), which helps smooth out jittery video.
In the 3T OnePlus added some refinements to its OxygenOS overlay for Android.
The 3T, with a thickness of 7.35 millimeters, comes in a new gunmetal gray color, as well as a soft gold color.
The OnePlus 3T in both the 64 GB and 128 GB (gunmetal version only) storage options will be available on OnePlus.net in the United States on November 22 and in Europe on November 28. The 3T starts at $439. The 64GB soft gold edition will become available shortly after launch of the gunmetal gray model, OnePlus says.


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Stankonia is the fourth studio album by American hip hop duo OutKast. For the follow-up to their 1998 album Aquemini, the duo worked to create an expansive and experimental musical aesthetic, incorporating a diverse array of styles including funk, rave music, psychedelia, gospel, and rock within a Dirty South-oriented hip hop context.
Stankonia received universal acclaim from music critics upon its release, and has since been regarded by many to be one of the greatest hip hop albums of all time. The album debuted at number two on the Billboard 200 chart, selling over 530,000 copies the first week. It produced three singles: "B.O.B", "Ms. Jackson", and "So Fresh, So Clean"; "Ms. Jackson" became the group's first single to reach number one on the Billboard Hot 100.
At the 2001 Grammy Awards, OutKast won Best Rap Album for Stankonia and Best Rap Performance by a Duo or Group for "Ms. Jackson".
I'm Cool (Interlude)
So Fresh, So Clean
Snappin' & Trappin'
Kim & Cookie (Interlude)
I'll Call Before I Come
Good Hair (Interlude)
We Luv Deez Hoez
Drinkin' Again (Interlude)
Cruisin' in the Atl (Interlude)

domain: entertainment


COVID-19, the flu, and the common cold walk into a bar, and the bartender can’t help but crack a joke. Little did citizens know, however, that the Biden administration was tracking these laugh lines for censorship, alongside other views it deemed neither funny nor helpful.
Recently, “The Hill” revealed the release of the “Facebook Files,” exposing a concerted effort by the Biden administration to censor not just false information, but also true information and jokes that its functionaries found bothersome. This revelation comes after months of concern over government censorship and “censorship by surrogate,” where corporate allies were being used to indirectly do what the government could not do directly.
Facebook had previously refused to divulge its own files on government censorship efforts, but that changed when the House Judiciary Committee moved to hold Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg in contempt of Congress. The Facebook Files confirmed suspicions that the government was pressuring the company to silence critics and dissenting voices.
Similar to Twitter’s experiences with the FBI, Facebook executives expressed concerns about the overwhelming pressure from the government to censor citizens. Even satirical and comedy sites were reportedly targeted for removal.
One notable incident involved a humorous meme posted by a user named Timothy McComas on Facebook. The meme featured actor Leonardo DiCaprio’s character from the film “Once Upon a Time…in Hollywood,” accompanied by a witty caption about COVID-19 vaccines. This post caught the attention of Andy Slavitt, a senior adviser to Biden who was overseeing COVID-19 policy. Slavitt was outraged by the meme’s popularity, believing it undermined confidence in vaccines, and pushed for its removal.
At the same time, the White House was putting pressure on Facebook to remove posts critical of COVID-19 vaccines and pandemic measures, such as questions about mask efficacy, natural immunities, and the impact on children.
Despite having a censorship partnership in place, President Joe Biden continued to accuse Big Tech of “killing people” by not censoring more citizens, even though many of the censored individuals had raised valid concerns about the origins of the virus and vaccine hesitancy.
The House investigation uncovered numerous grants given to academic and private groups to blacklist and target individuals with opposing views, including those sharing true information. Government agencies were also involved in censoring citizens, as evidenced by efforts to extend regulatory authority over “cognitive infrastructure” to build “resilience to misinformation and disinformation.”
The administration demanded the removal of “malinformation” based on fact but used out of context to mislead, harm, or manipulate. Government-funded groups even claimed that true stories could fuel vaccine hesitancy, including “worrisome jokes.”
While the Biden administration and its allies believed censoring humor and true information would serve their narrative, history has shown that jokes can be a powerful tool to expose abuses of power and censorship. Humor has long been used to highlight the absurdity of such efforts.
As the debate over censorship continues, the tension between free speech and public health concerns remains a critical issue. The struggle to strike the right balance between information dissemination and censorship is ongoing, and the revelations in the Facebook Files shed light on the complexities involved.
In conclusion, the Facebook Files reveal the Biden administration’s efforts to censor not just false information but also true information and humor it deemed problematic. The battle between free speech and public health interests rages on, and as citizens, it is essential to remain vigilant in safeguarding our right to express ideas and opinions freely.


By Marjorie Quintos
EBC Ottawa Bureau
(Eagle News) — Newly appointed Ambassador of the Philippines to Bangladesh, Alan L. Deniega, presented his Letter of Credence to the President of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh, Md. Abdul Hamid, on September 15, 2021, in Bangabhaban, the official residence of the Bangladeshi President.
After the formal ceremonies, a bilateral discussion was held with President Hamid, during which Ambassador Deniega said he looks forward to celebrating the 50th Anniversary of diplomatic relations between the Philippines and Bangladesh in February next year.
Ambassador Deniega said that the economic projections of both countries are promising, having been included in the Next 11 list in 2005.
In the latest ranking of London-based Centre for Economics and Business Research, Bangladesh ranks 40th among 193 nations this year, but is expected to rise to 25th in 2034, a place presently held by Belgium.
The Philippines, for its part, will enter the top 25 largest economies in 2034, rising to 22nd position.
Boosted by the demographic dividends of the two countries, Deniega said that there is a lot of work to be done to enhance bilateral trade and investments, and people-to-people relations in the coming years.
Deniega will also present his credentials as Ambassador to the Heads of State of Sri Lanka and the Maldives in the coming weeks.
(Eagle News Service)


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Q: My clumps of oriental poppies and creeping moss phlox leave boring gaps in my beds after they have finished flowering in the spring. What can I plant to fill in after them? — Diana Poisson, Montreal, Quebec
A: Because the foliage of the Oriental poppy (Papaver orientale) dies back to the ground shortly after flowering, it’s easy to hide the gap this perennial creates by surrounding it with big, lax perennials that bloom in midsummer or later. Tall perennial phlox (Phlox paniculata, not to be confused with your creeping moss phlox, Phlox subulata) is a stalwart fill-in. P. paniculata ‘David,’ which has mildew-resistant leaves and shining white flowers, is one of the best, along with ‘Norah Leigh,’ whose strongly variegated leaves give you a spot of color before and after its pink flower show. A companion planting of asters, physostegia, black-eyed Susans, or coneflowers will also do the trick.
Moss phlox’s postbloom blahs present a bigger challenge than the Oriental poppy’s disappearing act, because the leaves of P. subulata (however lackluster they may look) continue growing nearly year round and need sun the whole time. Any part of the plant that is shaded will die out. Ring it with low to midheight, later-flowering perennials; if the patch still seems too broad and boring, dig a few holes in the phlox carpet and fill them with more interesting compact perennials. Scabiosa, for instance, is a neat, mounded plant that blooms for a long time, especially if you cut its spent flowers. Any of the creeping thymes, with their gorgeous foliage, would work well alongside or amid the phlox. So would golden oregano (Origanum vulgare ‘Aureum’), practically any dianthus with handsome silvery foliage, or a low-growing sedum such as ‘Vera Jameson.’ For a colorful last hurrah, I’d tuck in a few autumn crocuses or colchicums.


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Wolf Pack, Aces to face off Tuesday
The Wolf Pack baseball team and Reno Aces will play their annual exhibition game on Tuesday at 6:05 p.m. at Greater Nevada Field.
The game marks the eighth consecutive season the two teams have played an exhibition. During that time, the Aces have donated more than $85,000 to the Nevada Dugout Club, the main fundraising arm of the Wolf Pack baseball team.
“We are proud to continue this awesome tradition in support of Wolf Pack Baseball,” Aces president Eric Edelstein said in a news release. “This game not only brings the entire Reno community together, but it also provides our players with high-quality competition before our season gets going.”
As in previous seasons, the game will be played with Aces pitchers and catchers playing for both teams. All players will use wood bats and the contest will last seven-and-a-half innings. The game is the final tune-up for the Aces before its season opener.
"We’re thrilled about the opportunity to play our annual exhibition game with the Reno Aces,” Wolf Pack coach T.J. Bruce said in a release. “Eric and his staff run a first-class organization. We're thankful for this opportunity as our players have a chance to learn from the Aces and play at a professional ballpark as our student-athletes pursue their dreams of professional baseball."
The Wolf Pack has struggled this season. After going 37-24 in Bruce's first year as head coach, Nevada is 8-21 this season and has yet to win back-to-back games. The Wolf Pack returned home Monday after playing a four-game series at Hawaii, where it went 1-3.
The Aces open the season Thursday at Fresno before playing its home opener April 11 at 6:35 p.m. against the Albuquerque Isotopes. Among the players on the Aces' opening-day roster is former Wolf Pack standout pitcher Braden Shipley, who made his big-league debut last season.
Tickets for the Wolf Pack-Aces game cost $14 for adults and $7 for children 12 and younger, seniors 62 and older and members of the military. All proceeds benefit the Nevada Dugout Club.