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CIRCLE K INNER CIRCLE TERMS AND CONDITIONS
Circle K Inner Circle Terms And Conditions
(1) USE OF THE PROGRAM Welcome to the Circle K Inner CircleTM loyalty program (the “Program”) owned and operated by Circle K Stores Inc. (“Circle K”, we, us or our). These Circle K Inner CircleTM Terms and Conditions (the "Terms") constitute a binding legal agreement between you, as a user of the Program, and us, as the provider of the Program. YOU MUST CAREFULLY READ AND AGREE TO THESE TERMS BEFORE PARTICIPATING IN THE PROGRAM. If you do not understand or agree to these Terms, you may not participate in the Program. Your participation in and/or use of any portion of the Program means that you agree to be bound by these Terms.
(2) AMENDMENTS TO THE TERMS We reserve the right, at our sole discretion, to change, modify, add, remove or otherwise amend these Terms, in whole or in part, at any time and without prior notice. Your participation in and/or use of any portion of the Program constitutes acceptance of and agreement to the then-current Terms. You are responsible for reading these Terms and any subsequent amendment thereto indicated by the revision date of the Terms.
(3) MEMBERSHIP ELIGIBILITY The Program is available in participating Circle K USA locations only. Furthermore:
All Program members must be of full legal age in their State of residence. By participating in the Program, you represent that you are of legal age to do so and become bound by these Terms. Circle K reserves the right to verify your age and identity to grant you access to age-restricted offers.
Only natural persons may participate in the Program; corporations, companies, joint ventures, partnerships, groups and associations are excluded.
Program benefits and rewards cannot be transferred, converted into cash or sold. Benefits can be accumulated and rewards redeemed solely by the member on presentation of membership ID.
Program members must advise Circle K of any changes in their personal information. Circle K reserves the right to cancel memberships with incomplete or incorrect member information. Moreover, Circle K will have no obligation to grant rewards or communicate any information or notice to a member who did not provide its personal information or an update of such.
(4) BENEFITS ACCUMULATION
To earn benefits, members must present at the cash register or enter at the fuel payment terminal a valid membership ID , before the transaction’s end, when making a purchase at a participating store.
No benefits are awarded for purchases of the following products and services: tobacco products, public transportation tickets and passes, gift cards and other prepaid cards, stamps, postal services, dry cleaning, film and video game rentals, bottle and can deposits, as well as any returnable on items, donations, and any items excluded by Circle K in the future or forbidden by law. Circle K reserves the right at all times, to add or exclude, at its sole discretion, eligible items for benefits.
Product returns are handled according to Circle K’s product return and exchange policy. Circle K reserves the right to subtract the benefits earned in the returned product’s purchase or a promotion involving said product.
(5) REWARDS Unless otherwise specifically provided, club credits, rewards and other benefits earned through the Program expire thirty (30) days after issuance. ALL REWARDS MUST BE REDEEMED BY THE EXPIRATION DATE INDICATED IN THE APP. To redeem their reward, members must present their membership ID number at a participating store or follow whatever other procedures as may be determined by Circle K from time to time. Rewards may be subject to additional terms and conditions. Furthermore, Circle K may, from time to time and at its sole discretion, partner with various businesses of its choice on Program offers and joint promotions. Circle K may, at its sole discretion, offer personalized promotions, promotional activities, contests or others exclusively to certain categories of members. The details, terms and conditions of such promotions are communicated to members.
(6) PROGRAM SAVINGS Besides rewards, members benefit from exclusive member prices, personalized prices, where applicable, on specially selected products. To take advantage of these exclusive prices, members must present at the cash register or enter at the fuel payment terminal their membership ID, before the transaction’s end, when making a purchase at a participating store, subject to product availability.
(7) LICENSE Subject to your compliance with these Terms, you may download, access and use the Circle K Inner CircleTM mobile application and/or the circlek.com/innercircle website (collectively, the "App") solely for your own personal and non-commercial use. You may not: (i) copy, modify or distribute the App for any purpose; (ii) transfer, sublicense, lease, lend, rent or otherwise distribute the App to anyone else; (iii) reverse-engineer, decompile or create derivative works of the App; (iv) make the functionality of the App available to multiple users through any means; (v) use multiple accounts per individual user per device; or (vi) use the App in any unlawful manner, for any unlawful purpose, or in any manner inconsistent with these Terms and/or applicable laws. Furthermore, you agree that you will NOT use the App to:
upload, download, post, email, transmit, store or otherwise make available any content that is unlawful, harassing, threatening, harmful, tortuous, defamatory, libelous, abusive, violent, obscene, vulgar, invasive of another’s privacy, hateful, racially or ethnically offensive, or otherwise objectionable;
upload or transmit any computer viruses, Trojan horses, worms or anything else designed to interfere with, interrupt or disrupt the normal operating procedures of a computer;
stalk, harass, threaten or harm another;
request personal or other information from a minor;
pretend to be anyone, or any entity, you are not, you may not impersonate or misrepresent yourself as another person, entity, App user, or otherwise misrepresent your affiliation with a person or entity; or
plan or engage in any illegal activity and/or gather and store personal information on any other users of the App to be used in connection with any of the foregoing prohibited activities.
No other licenses or rights are granted to you by implication or otherwise under any intellectual property rights owner or controlled by us or our licensors.
(9) CHANGES TO THE PROGRAM We reserve the right, at our sole discretion, to modify at any time the Program or any part thereof, to suspend the Program, to modify or withdraw services or products offered thereon, without notice or delay and without incurring any liability to any party for any loss or damages that may result, directly or indirectly. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, Circle K may at any time:
modify the following terms and conditions: conditions of eligibility for members and accounts; conditions applicable to product purchases and transactions under the Program, exchanges and eligible types of products; rewards, notably their form, frequency of issuance and redemption mechanisms; conditions covering benefit accumulation by members; the expiration of rewards, reward redemption business partners or venues, joint offers and promotions with partners; and make any other modifications required under legislation or regulations;
publish all modifications to the Program on its App and/or send a written notice to its members when requested and in the form required by law. The member who maintains its membership to the Program following its modifications is deemed to have accepted the modifications;
refuse service or cancel membership; and
terminate the Program upon advance written notice to Program members under the form required by law.
(10) ALERTS When participating in the Program and/or using the App, you may receive push notifications, home screen alerts, text messages, emails or other types of messages directly sent to you outside or inside of the App (“Push Messages”). You have control over the Push Messages settings, and can opt in or out of these Push Messages through the App. Please be aware that messaging fees may apply depending on the message plan you have with your wireless carrier.
(13) EXCLUSION AND DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTIES CIRCLE K, ITS AFFILIATES, AND THEIR SERVICE PROVIDERS AND LICENSORS MAKE NO REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY REGARDING THE FUNCTIONALITY, THE GOOD WORKING ORDER OR CONDITION OF THE PROGAM AND/OR THE APP, ITS SUITABILITY FOR USE, OR THAT ITS USE, OR ANY INFORMATION OR MATERIAL, INCLUDING ANY DOWNLOADABLE SOFTWARE, ACCESSED FROM OR THROUGH THE APP WILL BE UNINTERRUPTED OR ERROR-FREE. CIRCLE K DOES NOT REPRESENT, WARRANT OR UNDERTAKE THAT ANY ERRORS ON OR RELATING TO THE PROGAM AND/OR THE APP WILL BE CORRECTED, OR THAT ANY SERVER FROM WHICH THE APP IS OPERATED IS OR WILL BE FREE FROM VIRUSES OR OTHER HARMFUL COMPONENTS. FURTHERMORE, CIRCLE K MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES WITH RESPECT TO ANY PRODUCT AND/OR SERVICES AVAILABLE ON OR PROMOTED THROUGH THE PROGAM AND/OR THE APP. TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW, CIRCLE K, ITS AFFILIATES, AND THEIR SERVICE PROVIDERS AND LICENSORS DISCLAIM ANY AND ALL REPRESENTATION, WARRANTIES AND CONDITIONS, WHETHER EXPRESS, IMPLIED, ARISING BY STATUTE, CUSTOM, COURSE OF DEALING, COURSE OF PERFORMANCE OR IN ANY OTHER WAY, WITH RESPECT TO ANY PRODUCTS AND/OR SERVICES AVAILABLE ON OR PROMOTED THROUGH THE PROGAM AND/OR THE APP. WITHOUT LIMITING THE GENERALITY OF THE FOREGOING, CIRCLE K, ITS AFFILIATES, AND THEIR SERVICE PROVIDERS AND LICENSORS DISCLAIM ALL REPRESENTATIONS, WARRANTIES AND CONDITIONS OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE WITH RESPECT TO ANY PRODUCTS AND/OR SERVICES AVAILABLE ON OR PROMOTED THROUGH THE PROGAM AND/OR THE APP. EXCEPT AS EXPRESSLY PROVIDED FOR IN THESE TERMS, THE PROGAM AND/OR THE APP AND ALL MATERIALS AND INFORMATION PROVIDED THROUGH OR ON THE PROGAM AND/OR THE APP ARE PROVIDED TO YOU ON AN “AS IS”, “AS AVAILABLE”, “WITH ALL FAULTS” BASIS AND CIRCLE K DOES NOT MAKE OR GIVE ANY REPRESENTATION, WARRANTY OR CONDITION OF ANY KIND, WHETHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WRITTEN OR ORAL, STATUTORY OR OTHERWISE, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION (i) WARRANTIES AS TO UNINTERRUPTED OR ERROR-FREE BROWSING, PRIVACY, OR SECURITY, (ii) ACCURACY, ADEQUACY OR COMPLETENESS OF THE PROGAM AND/OR THE APP AND THE CONTENT THEREOF, THE INFORMATION, MATERIALS AND FUNCTIONS MADE ACCESSIBLE BY THE SOFTWARE USED ON OR ACCESSED THROUGH THE PROGAM AND/OR THE APP, ANY HYPERTEXT LINKS TO THIRD PARTIES, OR FOR ANY BREACH OF SECURITY ASSOCIATED WITH THE TRANSMISSION OF SENSITIVE INFORMATION THROUGH THE PROGAM AND/OR THE APP OR ANY LINKED SITE; OR (iii) MERCHANTABILITY, QUALITY, TITLE, DURABILITY, SUITABILITY, NON-INFRINGEMENT OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, OR THOSE ARISING OUT OF A COURSE OF DEALING OR USAGE OF TRADE. THESE EXCLUSIONS ARE IN ADDITION TO ANY SPECIFIC EXCLUSION OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN THESE TERMS. BECAUSE CERTAIN FEDERAL OR STATE LAWS DO NOT PERMIT THE EXCLUSION OF CERTAIN WARRANTIES, THESE EXCLUSIONS MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU.
(14) USE OF INFORMATION AND ERRORS The information displayed on the App is provided for informational purposes only, unless otherwise stated. Price errors or product/service description errors or inaccuracies, including color, origin, category or other characteristics may occur. Circle K reserves the right to correct any such errors, at its sole discretion, at any time and without prior notice.
(15) INDEMNIFICATION By participating in the Program and/or using the App, you hereby agree to indemnify, defend and hold harmless Circle K from and against any and all losses, damages, liabilities, and claims and all fees, costs, expenses, of any kind related thereto (including, without limitation, reasonable attorneys’ fees) incurred by Circle K in connection with any claim arising out of, based upon or resulting from your participation in the Program and/or your use of the App. Circle K K reserves the right, at its own expense, to assume the exclusive defense and control of any matter otherwise subject to indemnification by you and you shall not, in any event, settle any matter without the written consent of Circle K. FOR THE PURPOSES OF THIS SECTION, “CIRCLE K” SHALL INCLUDE CIRCLE K’S RESPECTIVE DIRECTORS, OFFICERS, OWNERS, EMPLOYEES, AGENTS, MANDATARIES, CONTRACTORS, LICENSORS, LICENSEES AND THIRD-PARTY SUPPLIERS.
(16) LIMITATION OF LIABILITY TO THE MAXIMUM EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, IN NO EVENT WILL CIRCLE K BE LIABLE FOR ANY DAMAGES OR LOSSES OF ANY KIND, WHETHER DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, PUNITIVE OR CONSEQUENTIAL, HOWSOEVER CAUSED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO, ANY LOST DATA, LOST PROFITS, LOST SAVINGS, LOSS OF GOODWILL, LOST BUSINESS, LOSS OF USE OR LACK OF AVAILABILITY OF FACILITIES INCLUDING COMPUTER RESOURCES, ROUTERS AND STORED DATA, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE PROGRAM AND/OR THE USE OF THE APP, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION THE MATERIALS OR INFORMATION PROVIDED THROUGH THE PROGRAM AND/OR THE APP, EVEN IF CIRCLE K OR ANY OF ITS LAWFUL AGENTS, CONTRACTORS, EMPLOYEES OR MANDATARIES HAVE BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES OR CLAIM. IN PARTICULAR, AND WITHOUT LIMITING THE PRECEDING PARAGRAPH, IN NO EVENT WILL CIRCLE K BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES OR LOSSES RESULTING FROM VIRUSES, DATA CORRUPTION, FAILED MESSAGES, DAMAGES ARISING AS A RESULT OF TRANSMISSION ERRORS OR PROBLEMS, TELECOMMUNICATIONS SERVICE PROVIDERS, CIRCLE K’S CONTRACTORS, THE INTERNET BACKBONE, THIRD-PARTY SUPPLIERS OF PRODUCTS OR SERVICES, DAMAGES OR LOSSES CAUSED BY YOU, OR YOUR RESPECTIVE EMPLOYEES, AGENTS, MANDATARIES OR SUBCONTRACTORS, DAMAGES OR LOSSES RESULTING FROM PRODUCT/SERVICE PRICE OR ATTRIBUTABLE ERRORS, PRODUCT ERRORS, SUBSTITUTIONS, MISSING PRODUCTS, INACCURATE PRODUCT-SERVICE DESCRIPTIONS OR OTHER EVENTS BEYOND THE REASONABLE CONTROL OF CIRCLE K. IF, DESPITE THE LIMITATIONS ABOVE, CIRCLE K IS FOUND LIABLE FOR ANY DAMAGE OR LOSS IN CONNECTION WITH THE PROGRAM AND/OR THE APP, IN NO CASE WILL CIRCLE K’S TOTAL LIABILITY ARISING UNDER ANY CAUSE WHATSOEVER (INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION BREACH OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE, GROSS NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) BE FOR MORE THAN, IN THE AGGREGATE, $10.00. IF YOU ARE DISSATISFIED WITH THESE TERMS, THE PROGRAM AND/OR THE APP, YOUR SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDY IS TO STOP PARTICIPATING IN THE PROGRAM AND DISCONTINUE USING AND ACCESSING THE APP. CERTAIN FEDERAL OR STATE LAWS MAY NOT ALLOW LIMITATIONS ON IMPLIED WARRANTIES OR THE EXCLUSION OR LIMITATION OF CERTAIN DAMAGES. IF THESE LAWS APPLY TO YOU, SOME OR ALL OF THE ABOVE DISCLAIMERS, EXCLUSIONS, OR LIMITATIONS MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU, AND YOU MIGHT HAVE ADDITIONAL RIGHTS. FOR THE PURPOSES OF THIS SECTION, “CIRCLE K” SHALL INCLUDE THE CIRCLE K’S RESPECTIVE DIRECTORS, OFFICERS, EMPLOYEES, AGENTS, MANDATARIES, CONTRACTORS AND THIRD-PARTY SUPPLIERS.
(17) INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS The Program as well as material on the App, including but not limited to texts, images, illustrations, articles, photographs, software, audio clips and video clips, is owned or otherwise provided by Circle K, and Circle K does not represent or warrant that such material does not infringe the rights of any other person or entity. Any unauthorized use of the Program and/or content of the App, including any reproduction, distribution or redistribution, transmission or retransmission, communication to the public by telecommunication, performance, translation, distribution to the public or downloading is prohibited without the prior written authorization of Circle K. The trademarks displayed on the Program and the App are trademarks, registered or unregistered, of Circle K or third parties, which are the property of their respective owners. The trademarks displayed on the Program and/or the App cannot be used without the prior written authorization of Circle K or their respective owners. No element of the Program and the App shall be interpreted as creating, implicitly or expressly, a license or a right of use or of duplication of a trademark, except with the express written consent of Circle K or the owner of such trademark.
(19) GOVERNING LAW AND JURISDICTION The Program and the App shall be governed by the laws of the State of Arizona, without reference to principles of conflict of laws. Any claim, dispute, or controversy ("Claim") arising out of or relating in any way to: i) this Agreement; or ii) advertisements, promotions or oral or written statements related to the Program; no matter how described, pleaded or styled, shall be FINALLY and EXCLUSIVELY resolved by binding individual arbitration conducted by the American Arbitration Association (“AAA”) under its Consumer Arbitration Rules. This arbitration agreement is made pursuant to a transaction involving interstate commerce, and shall be governed by the Federal Arbitration Act (9 U.S.C. 1-16). Circle K will pay the initial filing fee to commence arbitration and any arbitration hearing that you attend shall take place in the federal judicial district of your residence. ARBITRATION OF YOUR CLAIM IS MANDATORY AND BINDING. NEITHER PARTY WILL HAVE THE RIGHT TO LITIGATE THAT CLAIM THROUGH A COURT. IN ARBITRATION, NEITHER PARTY WILL HAVE THE RIGHT TO A JURY TRIAL OR TO ENGAGE IN DISCOVERY, EXCEPT AS PROVIDED FOR IN THE AAA CODE OF PROCEDURE. For a copy of the procedures, to file a Claim or for other information about this organization, contact it at: AAA, 335 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10017, or at www.ard.org. All determinations as to the scope, interpretation, enforceability and validity of this Agreement shall be made final exclusively by the arbitrator, which award shall be binding and final. Judgment on the arbitration award may be entered in any court having jurisdiction. NO CLASS ACTION, OR OTHER REPRESENTATIVE ACTION OR PRIVATE ATTORNEY GENERAL ACTION OR JOINDER OR CONSOLIDATION OF ANY CLAIM WITH A CLAIM OF ANOTHER PERSON OR CLASS OF CLAIMANTS SHALL BE ALLOWABLE. This arbitration provision shall survive: (i) the termination of this Agreement; or (ii) the bankruptcy of any party. If any portion of this arbitration provision is deemed invalid or unenforceable, the remaining portions shall remain in force.
(20) SEVERABILITY If any one of these conditions shall be deemed invalid, void, or for any reason unenforceable, such condition shall be deemed severable and shall not affect the validity and enforceability of any remaining condition.
(21) NO WAIVER The failure of Circle K to enforce any provisions of these Terms or to respond to a breach or default by you or any third party of these Terms shall not in any way waive the right of Circle K to subsequently enforce any of the Terms contained herein or to act with respect to similar breaches or defaults.
(22) HEADINGS The headings used herein are inserted for convenience of reference only and do not affect the construction or interpretation of the Terms herein.
(23) CONTACTING US
By post mail:
Circle K Stores Inc.
Attn: Circle K Inner Circle Loyalty Program
1130 W. Warner Rd.
Circle K Stores Inc.
Attn: Circle K Inner Circle Loyalty Program
1130 W. Warner Rd.


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Here, I'd like to introduce you this Duck Fats Potatoes. The perfect roast potatoes!
The original name of this dish is Perfect Roast Potatoes. But I didn't use goose fats. Instead, I used duck fats. Also, I don't think I roast it perfectly as appeared in Nigella Lawson's book. And the main reason why this potatoes taste that welcoming is because of rendered duck fats! So, I named it Duck Fats Potatoes instead.
This is a bottle of Rougie Graisse De Canard - duck fats that I got from Delicia.com at S$12.00 during promotion. You could find it from The Butcher, Jones The Grocer and some other gourmet shops that sells french food supplies.
As stated on Nigella's book, I quote "A good roast potato isn't about showing off or about striving desperately to impress. Nor is it a difficult thing to achieve, but can't pretend it isn't a high pressure zone."
Well, to me, as long as you follow some important steps, I don't know why you will fail.
Ingredients (Serves 5 to 6 as side dish)
(Source : Modified from Nigella Lawson's Christmas Perfect Potatoes recipe)
- 1 to 1.2kg Potatoes
- 160g Duck Fats (Half Jars from 320g bottle), or goose fats if you want
- 2 tbsp Semolina (or Plain Flour as a substitute)
- sprinkle of sea salt (optional)
There's nothing further to say. This recipe is most pleasing for it's simplicity.
- Peel and cut potatoes, each one into 3, by cutting off each end at a slant, so that you are left with a wedge or triangle in the middle.
- Pre-heat oven to 250C, top + bottom heat, fan ON.
- Put the potatoes into salted, cold water in a saucepan, and bring to a boil. Letting them cook for 4 minutes.
- Drain the potatoes in a colander, then tip them back into the empty, dry colander, and sprinkle the semolina (or flour) over.
- Shake the potatoes around to coat them well. Give them a good proper bashing so that their edges fuzz and blur a little, this facilitates the crunch effect later. Leave them to rest at this stage.
- Put the duck fats into a large roasting tin and then into the oven to heat up, and get frighteningly hot. You can heat it up over stove if you want. It's up to you. As long as you make sure the duck fats is frighteningly hot. It's like, you could see smokes coming up, and you started to worry that your kitchen is gonna burnt down anytime. Yea. this is the right time to add your potatoes in.
- When the fat is as hot as it can be, tip the potatoes carefully into it. Becareful! They splutter terrifically as you put them in, but it's just the beginning part. And roast it in the oven for an hour, but take it out and give the potatoes a flip every 20 minutes. Not necessarily 1 hour, but as long as the potatoes are darkly golden and crispy, you're done.
- When everything else is served up, transfer the potatoes to a large serving dish, sprinkle a pinch of salt over if you want, and bring to the table with pride in your heart!
Step 4 - Sprinkle semolina / flour over.
Step 5 - Shake the potatoes around to coat them well.
Note : I only used half jars of duck fats. If you want really good result, go ahead and use the whole jar. With lots of fats, it cooks well, and minimize the work of flipping the potatoes (at least not that often). But to me, I'd say, it is not really necessary to cook it with that amount of fats when you can take it out and flip the potatoes every 20mins. It works.
Boastfulness and vainglory are not attractive nor would I want to encourage them in you (or myself), but when you've cooked these and see them in all their golden glory on the table, I think you deserves the praises by your guests on how awesome these roast potatoes are. They looks plain and not really appealing. But the first bite, it is sweet and soft inside, and a golden-brown crunch outside. Yumms!!!
Get that right and the rest should follow. No reason why not! Just do it! :D

domain: food


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melon mountains iphone case
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Oddly, officials from SEPTA, the Philadelphia bus operator, say that hand-held cell phone jammers don't work on its buses. The cruel might speculate, therefore, that all of these disrupted riders were customers of AT&T. This would surely be unfair. However, Eric, having now reportedly confirmed that his jammer might put him in the slammer, has promised he will destroy his device. Thankfully, science may soon come to Eric's rescue--with the recent invention of the SpeechJammer, a device that merely mutes those speaking within 100 feet of you.
The company said smartphone and tablet demand slid slightly because of "seasonal effects," but smartphone shipments slightly increased because of the new Galaxy A series and "solid sales" of mid- and low-end phones in emerging markets, In the second quarter, Samsung expects market demand for smartphones and tablets to remain flat, and it said its overall smartphone shipments should stay flat because of fewer sales of mid- and low-end phones, Still, the Galaxy S8 and S8 Plus should help boost revenue and melon mountains iphone case profits sequentially..
Even with the slippage, Samsung is clinging to the top spot among smartphone makers. For the quarter ended September 30, it remained No. 1 in the global smartphone market with a 24.6 percent share, TrendForce said. That stake, though, was down from 26.7 percent in the second quarter. For the quarter, Apple was in second place with a 13.7 percent share, down from 15.4 percent in the preceding quarter. Huawei was third, nabbing an 8.4 percent share, up from 7.5 percent. Huawei is no longer trying to compete for just budget-minded buyers. In September, it rolled out the Mate S , a 5.5-inch-screened smartphone with pressure-sensitive capabilities similar to those of the 3D Touch on Apple's new iPhone 6S and 6S Plus, which also hit the market that month. The Mate S is priced on the high side, TrendForce said, "indicating that Huawei has ambition to position itself as the premier international brand."Worldwide smartphone shipments are likely to grow by 9.3 percent this year, but then only by 7.7 percent in 2016, according to TrendForce. Developed markets such as the US and Europe have become more saturated, meaning there are fewer first-time buyers. That means smartphone vendors will have to compete more heavily to grab customers in emerging markets, such as Southeast Asia and India.
However, in a press release RIM said that "we have enjoyed our best ever start to the holiday buying season over the past few weeks," owing to the recent launches of the Storm and Bold, As such, it provided guidance well above what analysts were expected for the upcoming quarter, RIM now expects revenue of $3.3 billion to melon mountains iphone case $3.5 billion and earnings per share of 83 cents to 91 cents during the current quarter, far outdistancing analyst estimates of $3 billion in revenue and earnings per share of 83 cents..
The technology would rely on the built-in camera to detect the shadows and silhouettes created through gesturing at the projected areas. The projector technology also could work among multiple displays from multiple devices. Again using gestures, users could share and swap images from one projected display to another. As the patent describes it. There are gadgets on the market right now that can turn your iPhone into a mini projector. But Apple's integrated invention could take the technology a few steps further with its gesture-based image-sharing features.
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domain: news


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Back in the day (circa 2007), web designers only had a handful of fonts we could use on our sites, as we were limited to fonts available on all user’s computers. These were fonts like Arial, Georgia, and Verdana. If we wanted to use anything fancier, we had to put those fonts in an image.
Today, the sky is the limit. We can use web fonts and there are millions to choose from! Your favorite font is probably available as a web font. You just need to be sure to grab the correct license and format to use it on the web, and you’re golden.
Of course, just like in any type of design, we want to be careful to make smart choices about the fonts we use on our websites so our readers have the best experience possible. Here are 5 tips for awesome typography on your website: Continue reading
Web design trends are constantly changing. What’s hip and cool one day can quickly become passé, and if you’re not careful, your site can become off-putting to your visitors. In addition, technological advances often force changes in the way designers work, and a site design that doesn’t accomodate the new way of doing things can become difficult to use, or even look broken. That’s why it’s important to make sure that you keep abreast of which new web design trends are hot and which ones have gone the way of the dodo. Here’s a few things you should be paying particular attention to:
Flat Design is all the rage.
The latest design trend on the web (spurred by Apple, Google and Microsoft, among others) is using flat design. Instead of gradients and other shiny effects, the focus is on simplicity with bright, bold, large blocks of color. Web designers are leaving out textures, patterns and shadows in favor of a minimalist approach to icons, buttons and forms in their overall design aesthetic.
This is the opposite of Skeuomorphism, the practice of incorporating the real world look of an object into a design. Remember the old pre-iOS7 icons on the iPhone? They were glossier and had more texture, gradients and shadows. Now the icons are flat and super sleek. See the comparison. This is an attractive trend that I hope continues for a long time to come. Continue reading

domain: artistic


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Kawasaki W series
Kawasaki W1, W2, W3
Manufacturer Kawasaki Aircraft Industries, later Kawasaki Motorcycle & Engine Company
Also called Meguro X-650, Kawasaki 650 Commander, Kawasaki RS650
Parent company Kawasaki Heavy Industries
The Kawasaki W series is a line of motorcycles made by Kawasaki since 1965 that shares some characteristics of classic British vertical-twin standard motorcycles. Sold as a 1966 model in the North American market, the first Kawasaki W1 had the largest engine displacement of any model manufactured in Japan at the time. Kawasaki continues to build models of the W brand similar to the W1.
Antecedents: Meguro K series
In 1960 the Akashi-based Kawasaki Aircraft Company acquired an interest in the Meguro motorcycle company, which had obtained a license to produce a copy of the 500 cc BSA A7. Meguro had been Japan’s largest motorcycle manufacturer but in the late 1950s its models had become less competitive and it was short of money. Kawasaki’s investment enabled Meguro to launch its A7 copy as the Meguro K.
The BSA A7, Meguro K and their respective derivatives have an overhead valve (i.e., pushrod) straight-twin engine with a pre-unit construction architecture. All have a 360Â° crankshaft angle, which provides an even firing interval between the two cylinders but high vibration caused by the two pistons rising and falling together.
In 1963 Meguro was taken over one hundred percent by the new Kawasaki Motorcycle Corporation, which maintained the licensing agreement with BSA and continued to build the K model, but due to lubrication problems Kawasaki made engine modifications and the Kawasaki K2 entered production in 1965 with improved crankshaft bearings and a larger oil pump. Since the introduction of the K2, the Meguro K model has tended to become known retrospectively as the K1.
The K2 has a larger timing cover which distinguishes it from the model K and the BSA A7. Also the K2 chassis has a different rear subframe, fuel tank and side panels. These changes gave the K2 a typically conservative Meguro image, dissimilar to the original BSA A7.
In 1965 the K2 was enlarged to 624 cc to become the Meguro X-650 prototype, which was displayed at the 1965 Tokyo Motor Show. The X-650 then became in turn the prototype for the Kawasaki W1. For the new Kawasaki big bike, the traditional look of Meguro motorcycles was replaced with a sleeker fuel tank, sportier mudguards (fenders) and other details intended to appeal to export markets, especially North America.
The Society of Automotive Engineers of Japan (Japanese), includes the 1966 Kawasaki 650-W1 as one of their 240 Landmarks of Japanese Automotive Technology.
The Kawasaki W1 is based heavily on the post-war, pre-unit construction, 650cc vertical-twin BSA A7 design inherited from Meguro, but as time passed, the Kawasaki and BSA designs diverged. The BSA A10 (aka Rocket) engine is an under-square design with a 73 mm (2.9 in) bore and an 84 mm (3.3 in) stroke, whereas the W1 inherited its 72.6 mm (2.86 in) stroke from the K2 engine, adding displacement by increasing the size of its bore to 74 mm (2.9 in). This slightly over-square (i.e., short-stroke) design favors higher engine speeds, while reducing stresses on the crankshaft. In addition, the new W1 had a one-piece pressed crankshaft assembly with ball bearings and one-piece connecting rods with needle bearings, significant improvements over the earlier BSA (and Meguro) engines that used plain insert type bearings and two-piece connecting rods. Even though the BSA and Kawasaki 650cc engines were mechanically different from each other, visually they gave very much the same impression.
Likewise, in the design of its twin-loop frame, as well as its overall styling, the W1 motorcycle was clearly influenced by classic British road bikes, including shifting with the right foot and braking with the left. From 1966 to 1968 W1 engines were built with a single 31 mm Mikuni carburetor (this is only feasible in a straight-twin with a 360Â° crankshaft angle). Starting in 1968, the W1SS with two 28 mm Mikuni carbs took the place of the original W1. Also in 1968, the W2 (aka Commander) emerged. The W2SS was a restyled W1SS with slightly more horsepower, and the W2TT was a high-pipe version with twin mufflers on the left side. Due to flat sales in North America the W2TT was discontinued in 1969, the W2SS ended in 1970, and finally in 1971 Kawasaki axed the W1SS.
The 650 remained popular in Japan, and although some were exported to Europe in the 70s, subsequent models were produced primarily for the domestic market. The penultimate model in the W series was the W1SA with stylistic changes, but most importantly with the gearshift lever on the left side and the rear brake pedal on the right side, which is the standard configuration for Japanese motorcycles. The final version was the 1973 W3 model (aka RS650) with upgraded suspension as well as twin disc brakes in front. W series production ceased in 1974.
As soon as the W1 was released, Kawasaki realized that even an improved version of the BSA A10 (itself already discontinued) was at a disadvantage against the newer and faster unit construction British twins, the BSA Spitfire and the Triumph Bonneville T120. The W1 also had to compete with other Japanese twin-cylinder street bikes, such as the Suzuki T500 and the Honda CB450. If the W1 was seen as being behind the times, then Kawasaki came back with a two-stroke engine that was clearly ahead of its time, the 1967 A7 Avenger with performance at least equal to the W1. The following year the W series (as well as the British bikes) faced a new competitor in a state-of-the-art twin from Yamaha, the XS650.
In 1968 the domination of the inline-twin engine for high-performance street bikes came to an end when Triumph Engineering developed an inline-triple engine for the BSA Rocket 3/Triumph Trident. The 1969 Kawasaki H1 Mach III with an inline-triple two-stroke, and the Honda CB750’s Inline-four engine into the bargain, foreshadowed the ascendancy of multi-cylinder engines. The W series engines were oil-tight and reliable, but by comparison they had low levels of performance with high levels of vibration, and were ultimately unsuccessful on the sales floor. At the same time that production of the W series was ending in Japan, Kawasaki came up with a formula for successful four-stroke street bikes in its Z series.
Descendants: Kawasaki W brand
Today’s fascination with retro style motorcycles began in 1989 with the Honda GB500 and the Kawasaki Zephyr, both first produced for sale in Japan as 400cc models.] These retro-bikes evoked nostalgia for classic motorcycles from decades earlier. The Zephyr was made using the Z series inline-fours from the 1970s as a template. By the late 1990s Kawasaki was designing successors to the Zephyr series, based on even older generations of motorcycles with twin-cylinder engines. In 1999 Kawasaki released new retro-bikes, the V-twin Drifter and the vertical-twin W650. Unlike the 1960s W series, the 1999-2007 W650 had an up-to-date engine design very different from its ancestors, while holding on to the vintage British motorcycle look. The 2011-2013 W800 carries on with the W brand, and expands the range to include Cafe racer models.
- “Kawasaki W1 to W3”. Kawasaki motorbikes a pictorial story. www.jarlef.no. Retrieved 1 August 2013.
- “About the Company”. Kawasaki Motorcycle & Engine Company. Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. Retrieved 2 August 2013.
- Scheibe, Winni. “Kawasaki W1”. Classic Motorrad (in German). www.classic-motorrad.de. Retrieved 2 August 2013.
- “Akashi Works”. Kawasaki Motorcycle & Engine Company. Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. Retrieved 2 August 2013.
- “Kawasaki 650-W1”. 240 Landmarks of Japanese Automotive Technology. Society of Automotive Engineers of Japan, Inc. Retrieved 1 August 2013.
The 650-W1, which had the largest displacement of any Japanese motorcycle at that time, was intended as Japan’s strategic entry into competition with the world’s top-class machines from British makers.
- “Kawasaki Motorcycle Identification Guide”. Classicjapcycles.com. p. 4. Retrieved 6 August 2013.
- “Historic roots: Kawasaki’s original W”. Kawasaki Motorcycle & Engine Company. Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. Retrieved 1 August 2013.
- Salvadori, Clement (September 2011). “Retrospective: Meguro Junior S3 250: 1957 – 1958”. Rider. Retrieved 3 August 2013.
Meguro was also producing the biggest-bore motorcycles in Japan, 500 and 650 twins that copied British engineering, and a deal was struck in 1961, with Kawasaki gradually absorbing Meguro.
- “W800”. Kawasaki Motorcycle & Engine Company. Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. Retrieved 1 August 2013.
The W800, in both looks and feel, pays homage to Kawasaki’s legendary W1, the model that started a brand that spans 45 years.
- “Kawasaki’s W800 retro bike is here in time for Christmas”.(404 error) News. Kawasaki Motors South Africa. Retrieved 1 August 2013.
The Kawasaki W800 is recognisably a descendant of the Kawasaki W1 of 1967 that was in turn a licensed copy of the famous 500cc BSA A7 that dated back to 1946.
- “1999 Kawasaki W 650”. Just Bikes. 28 April 2011. Retrieved 3 August 2013.
The first new ‘W 650’ debuted in 1999, looking little different from its 1960s predecessor. The overall design was arguably even more ‘British’ than the original W1, looking like a modern Triumph Bonneville, even though the W 650 predated the release of the new Bonnie by a couple of years.
- Falcone (25 March 2008). “Die W650-Ahnengalerie Meguro/Kawasaki”. Datenbank W650/W800 (in German). Homepagemodules.de. Retrieved 2 August 2013.
- Brown, Roland (November–December 2005). “Kawasaki W2TT Commander”. Motorcycle Classics. Retrieved 2 August 2013.
The 624cc engine’s Y-shaped right engine cover was larger than the BSA’s equivalent, hinting at numerous internal differences.
- “Vintage Kawasaki Motorcycle Photos & History”. TheWorldOfMotorcycles.com. Retrieved 1 August 2013.
In the early model years, Kawasaki used a mirrored ‘M,’ or ‘MW’ on its tank badge, indicating ‘Meguro Works.’
- “Motorcycle Museum”. Corporate Kawasaki. Canadian Kawasaki Motors Inc. Retrieved 2 August 2013.
- Scheibe, Winni. “Kawasaki W650”. Classic Motorrad (in German). www.classic-motorrad.de. Retrieved 5 August 2013.
- Klawsuc, Phil. “The W Files”. Ann O’Rack Productions. Retrieved 7 August 2013.
- Cholot, Jean Jacques (30 November 2010). “Kawasaki: de la Meguro à la W 800: histoire et images”. Caradisiac (in French). Car & Boat Media. Retrieved 3 August 2013.
- Scheibe, Winni. “Kawasaki W1 und W2 Modellgeschichte”. “Winni”-Scheibe.com (in German). Winfried “Winni” Scheibe. Retrieved 5 August 2013.
- Edwards, David (1 November 2009). “Retro Bike Hall of Fame”. Cycle World. Retrieved 10 August 2013.
The first modern retro bike? Probably the Honda GB500, which first saw the light of day in 1989 but was obviously inspired by the great British Singles of the 1950s.
- “Kawasaki Zephyr”. 240 Landmarks of Japanese Automotive Technology. Society of Automotive Engineers of Japan, Inc. Retrieved 10 August 2013.
The Kawasaki Zephyr was developed at that time to be a machine that would be easy to use and enjoyable for everyone. The model became a trend-setter for the ‘naked bike’ boom of the 1990s.
- Kunz, Dave (7 July 2013). “Retro-style motorcycles combine best of old, new”. KABC-TV/DT. Retrieved 10 August 2013.
There are two primary audiences for the retro-style bikes: those who might have had one back in the day and would like to have another, and then there are people who weren’t around back in the day who love the early ’70s style.
- “History”. (404 error) Kawasaki W650 World. Kawasaki W650 Enthusiasts’ Group. Retrieved 3 August 2013.
- Hedge, Trevor (2011). “Kawasaki W800 Reviewed and Tested”. mcnews.com.au. Retrieved 8 August 2013.
In 2011, thanks to a 5mm larger bore, Kawasaki have reinvented their machine and the W650 has grown to become the W800 and this time around Triumph should definitely sit up and take notice.
Edge, Dirck (25 January 2011). “Kawasaki W800 Cafe Style Available in Japan”. MotorcycleDaily.com. Motorcycle Daily. Retrieved 10 August 2013.
Pictured is the W800 Café Style, which has been announced for the Japanese market. Don’t hold your breath waiting for this bike to be available in the U.S., but we can admire it from afar.
- “Kawasaki Motorcycle History 1952-2006” (PDF). P/N 99941-1406 ALL-E. Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. 18 June 2007.
- “Kawasaki Motorcycle History 1952-2002” (PDF). P/N 99941-1376 ALL-E. Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. 22 October 2002.
- “Kawasaki Motorcycle History 1952-2002” (PDF). P/N 99941-1376 ALL-E. Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. 22 October 2002. (Alternate site)
- Merguro and Kawasaki motorcycle photos (in Japanese) (bad host)
- 1966 Kawasaki W1 650 photos (404 error)
- 1966 Kawasaki W1 650 at the National Motorcycle Museum of Australia
- 1967 Kawasaki W1 650 photos (404 error)
Sourced from elsewhere
Kawasaki W2 650SS
Make Model — Kawasaki W2 650SS
Year — 1968
Engine — Air cooled, four stroke, parallel twin cylinder, OHV
Capacity — 624cc
Bore x Stroke — 74 x 72.6 mm
Compression Ratio — 8.7:1
Induction — Mikuni VM31
Ignition / Starting — kick
Max Power — 53 hp @ 7000 rpm
Max Torque — 5.7 kgf-m @ 5500 rpm
Transmission / Drive — 4 Speed / shaft
Frame — Tubular, double cradle
Front Suspension – telescopic
Rear Suspension – shocks
Front Brakes — Drum
Rear Brakes — Drum
Front Tyre — 3.25-19
Rear Tyre — 4.00-18
Dry-Weight — 191 kg
Fuel Capacity — 15 Litres
Overview Classic-motorrad.de /
The history of the W1 can be traced back to 1960 and the early K1, a motorcycle developed by the Japanese motorcycle meguro. Meguro had first started producing motorcycles back in 1909 and had modeled the K1 on the English BSA A7 as a replacement for their single cylinder Meguro Z7.
It was early days, and most Japanese motorcycle manufacturers at the time were basically building bikes copied from American and European models, particularly in the large displacement categories.
For its day, the K1 was an advanced design and showcased modern-day manufacturing techniques with its Air-Cooled , 4-stroke, Twin OHV 496cc engine mounted in a double-cradle frame.
In 1960, Meguro Works entered into a business relationship with Kawasaki Aircraft Co.,Ltd., leading to a full merger in 1963. Therefore, although the K1 was developed and produced by Meguro, selling it was left to Kawasaki Motor Sales Co., the forerunner of Kawasaki Motorcycle Co.,Ltd. At the time, the Kawasaki engineers were so deeply engaged in the development of a 4-stroke engine for small cars that they had no time to develop a new motorcycle engine. But by the end of 1962 the four-wheel project had ended and some of these car engineers transferred to Meguro and tool over the project. There were two projects that the developers had to tackle: the SG (a single-cylinder 250cc OHV) and the K1.
For both projects, ex-Meguro engineers kept working on the task of chassis development, while the SG and K1 engines were developed by the ex-Kawasaki engineers. Since the K models were still in the transition stage from Meguro to Kawasaki, there were many problems associated with technology transfers and maintenance. However, work proceeded at the same time on development of a successor to the K1\ the new W1. At the time, sales objectives were concentrated on receiving orders for police patrol motorcycles intended for guard duties during the 1964 Tokyo Olympics. Since there was no time to develop a new engine, or even to remodel an existing one, there was no choice but to use the K1 model as it was. However, the engineers still wanted to overcome some basic design flaws in the K1 engine. Because the sales side wanted to maintain the impressive appearance and dignified look of the K1, it was decided to remodel the engine only, and in 1965 the remodel the engine only, and in 1965 the remodeled K1 was introduced as the K2. (The changes included increased oil pump capacity, improved crankshaft bearings, etc. The Y-shape cover, the distinctive feature of the W models, was adopted at this stage.)
However, both the K1 and K2still shared the basic weak points of the BSA A7. The K2 was exported to the US for a test in response to the expanding American market for 4-stroke motorcycles. Unfortunately, it was rejected for a lack of power.
The answer was the W1 which was developed as a large, high-performance, 4-stroke based on the K2. With this new model, the basic problems found in the lubrication system (already improved in the K2)and the weakness in the crank’s big end durability was solved by going to a built-up crank. But their was insufficient time to implement the intended changes in the valve train (making it an O.H.C.). As far as the frame concerned, the conventional tubular frame from the BSA A7 was used unchanged.
The frame building technology that Kawasaki inherited from Meguro was the quite advanced for its time, and most f the models following the K1 adopted tube frames because they were comparatively easy to make. Even though Kawasaki had developed a 4 stroke engine much earlier, the K1,K2 and W1 were typical 4-stroke motorcycle models for their day and were, so to speak, textbook models reflecting the then-current design and production technologies.
The W series entry into the US market was rather unsuccessful because it was too similar to the K models in basic structure and lacked a feeling or impression of being “new”. The W models also mimicked too much the look of the BSA A7 for an American tastes, even though internally the engine was much improved from the BSA.
The W1 engine featured the larger bore of the K models and included a separate primary drive and transmission. The frame welding techniques came directly from the K models. Prior to the W1 Kawasaki only sold 2-strokes on the US market, but with the debut of the W1 it joined Honda in becoming one of the first Japanese motorcycle manufacturers to produce 4-strokes. While Honda had produced only 4-strokes from the beginning, Kawasaki’s entry into the US the market was based on predictions of increased sales for large displacement 4-strokes in the near future.
The 624cc engine of the W1 was one of the first large-displacement Japanese motorcycles.
However, the way motorcycles were used in America was quite different than expected and the W1 was found “unsuitable” for the American market. On the other hand, in Japan it was well received and became famous for its unique OHV vertical twin sound and individual style.
Sourced from elsewhere
In 1960, Kawasaki Aircraft acquired an interest in the Meguro motorcycle company. Meguro, which was once Japan’s largest motorcycle manufacturer, held a license to copy BSA’s 500cc A7, which it produced as the Model K.
When Kawasaki took over Meguro entirely in 1963, it continued production of the motorcycle, refining it in 1965 with a stronger lower end and better lubrication as the K2. In 1965, the K2 was increased to 625cc to become the W1. Styling was improved as well, to appeal to the North American market.
The W1 is commonly thought to be a copy of the 650cc BSA A10. This is not the case. In its evolution from the K to the K2 and the W1, a short stroke design was adopted. The Kawasaki has a bore of 74 mm and a stroke of 72.6 mm, whereas the BSA A10 is a long stroke engine with dimensions of 73 mm x 84 mm, giving the engines different acceleration and running characteristics.
The motorcycle was updated again in 1968 to become the W2 Commander, then again in 1972 to become the W3. Production ended in 1975. By this time, the old British-base design was totally eclipsed for performance by many newer motorcycles, including Kawasaki’s own Mach III and Z1.
These motorcycles have become very desirable collectibles, and good examples are rare. With their “old school” lines and chrome fenders and tank panels, they are more attractive than many other Japanese motorcycles of their era. Or at least this opinion has emerged over time.
The cutaway engine used for our quiz is owned by collector and fine motorcycle broker Somer Hooker, of Brentwood, Tennessee.

domain: design


text:
Recently, Dallas City Councilman Chad West told citizens why having police ask before restoring funds set to be removed from police overtime is fiscally responsible. He also argues it’s a necessary response after the Texas Legislature passed a law earlier this year punishing cities that defund their police.
Last week by a vote of 8-7, the Dallas City Council approved West’s amendment to move $10 million of the Dallas Police Department’s $22-plus million of proposed police overtime budget into a savings account. While the funds can only be used for the police, the city council stipulated it will be released only after a hearing of the Public Safety Committee where Police Chief Eddie Garcia must ask for the money. That hearing will occur after a full audit of police overtime is published.
West agreed to an interview with Texas Scorecard and answered tough questions about his plan. The interview took place before the city auditor’s interim report of an audit of police overtime was published. The city auditor expects the full report will be published in late October or early November.
Texas Scorecard: Many city council members said they will not turn down DPD’s request for more overtime money, and they haven’t in the past. If there is no threat of refusing funds, how is this checkpoint providing real accountability?
West: “What this amendment did is it’s a two-fold amendment. I think there are two benefits of it. The first one gives council more flexibility in the amount of additional funds we’re putting into DPD. This is in direct response to restrictions imposed by the State of Texas.
“[The] State of Texas has been getting deep in the weeds on local control, on more aspects of just public safety, and they’ve basically locked us in … [so] if we do find efficiencies in the future in public safety and there’s agreement across the board by DPD, by council members, by the general public to reduce the DPD’s budget because of efficiencies that are found, we still can’t do that unless we go to the voters, which creates a huge new cost burden for [them].
“By simply putting the funds into the reserves, DPD can access them. They are held for DPD. If they don’t use them, then we are not tied to that budget increase that would be set as a baseline, that we’d be setting by just putting them immediately into DPD overtime. That’s the first reason. It’s sort of [an] accounting decision that provides the elected officials with more flexibility in the future, while still fully funding and giving DPD a huge budget increase from last year.
“The second part, which is really more to the heart of your question, is the accountability piece. What this does is it addresses the possibility of efficiencies that are found as a result of the overtime audit that’s been conducted. The amendment delays releasing the overtime funds until the Public Safety Committee has been briefed on the results of the overtime audit.
“At that point, the DPD will come and explain and talk through the audit with us and the city auditor, and we’ll talk about if there are efficiencies that have been put into place or not, and then the funds can be released or not released. If DPD needs them, I support it; but I do want to have the briefing I’ve been asking for for a year and a half about what are efficiencies that are put into place. As I mentioned to you, overtime is not a given. Not every department is just entitled to have overtime. There need to be checks and balances in place, and I’m simply asking for an explanation of what has been done since last year, if anything.”
Texas Scorecard: What metrics have you set in order for DPD to receive this funding when they ask?
West: “No metrics have been set at this point. All that’s been requested is a briefing.”
Texas Scorecard: Before the council’s vote, did you or any other member of council, to your knowledge, express your concerns to Chief Garcia, inform him of your plan, and ask him to present his own alternative plan for more transparency and accountability for police overtime?
West: “The very first meeting I had with Chief Garcia—who I respect immensely and I’m excited about his violent crime plan and a lot of things that he’s bringing to the department, especially the morale increase—I told him my biggest concern with the last chief, and my biggest concern with the department in terms of accountability, is on the overtime. I hope he will take that on and take that seriously, and I believe he is.
“The overtime situation is one that he inherited. This is not something that this chief has caused or even the officers who are here now on the ground, who’ve been here for 20 years, have caused.
“Your question was, have I talked to the chief about it? He knows it was a concern to me. I did speak with him before my amendment, and so he knew it was coming. But that’s about the extent of it. He and I are in constant communication, and we talk regularly.”
Texas Scorecard: What was Garcia’s response? Did he present his own plan, or was he given that opportunity?
West: “My door is always open to alternatives. But in this case, I told him I’m simply asking for the funds to be moved—and I gave him the two reasons I just gave you—into non-departmental reserves held for DPD, at which point they can be released later.
“This is a very different scenario than last year, when an amendment was filed that attempted to move DPD funds into non-public safety alternatives. And then of course, that was changed and it became public safety related. These funds are held for DPD and will undoubtedly be released to DPD after a checkpoint briefing, where we can hear about the audit and we can hear the DPD’s plan. That’s all it is.”

domain: law


text:
When you double-click a ZIP file on your Mac, the files are automatically uncompressed and the ZIP itself is sent to the Trash. What if that’s not what you want?
A hidden System Preferences pane lets you configure how archives work on your Mac. You can stop ZIP files from going to the Trash after you unarchive them, or you can have newly created archives spawn in a particular folder. Enabling this panel just takes a couple minutes.
Find and Install The Hidden Preferences Pane
Open the Finder, then click the icon for your computer in the “Devices” section of the sidebar. From your system drive, browse to System > Library > CoreServices > Applications, a folder that houses a few application your Mac uses regularly.
We’re interested in the Archive Utility, which is the program that opens ZIP files by default on your Mac. Right-click this application, then click “Show Package Contents.”
This allows us to browse the files that make up the application. Head to Contents > Resources and you’ll find a file called “Archives.prefPane.”
Double-click this file and System Preferences will launch, asking you if you’d like to install the pane. Click “Install.”
You’ve now added the Archives pane to your System Preferences.
Change How Archives Work On Your Mac
You’ll find the new Archives pane in the bottom section of the System Preferences.
Click it and you’ll see a few options.
First, you can choose where unarchived files end up. The default is in the same archive as the archive itself, but you can choose a specific folder if you want. Next, you can choose what happens to archive files after you unarchive them. By default, such files are sent to the trash, but you can optionally leave the archive alone or even delete it outright.
The bottom half of this preference pane concerns archives created by this application. If you select a bunch of files in the Finder, right-click them, then click “Compress,” you can create a ZIP file.
These settings configure how that works.
First, you can configure where the compressed file will end up. The default is the directory where the files live, but you can optionally choose a folder where all such archives end up. Next, you can choose the format for your archives.
Finally, you can decide what to do with the original files after archiving. The default is to leave the files alone, but you can optionally move them to the Trash or even delete them outright.
And that’s it! I’m not sure why Apple buried these settings, and they’re admittedly limited. If you want even more control over how archives work on your Mac, you could use The Unarchiver, a Mac-exclusive open source alternative archiver application. It can also open RAR and 7z files on the Mac, something Archive Utility can’t do.
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domain: library


text:
Painting fabric is becoming a popular trend. A fresh touch of paint can rejuvenate your home décor and clothing. Spray painting in particular is quick, easy, and fun to do. But can you combine the two? Can you spray paint fabric?
You can add color to fabric using several types of spray paint designed for textiles. The technique can create decorative and colorful effects. Not all spray paints are suitable for fabric, though. You must make sure the paint is non-toxic and compatible with the fabric.
Knowing it’s possible to spray paint fabric is one thing. The next problem, where do you start? How do you know what you can paint and which spray paint you can use? In this article, we’ll answer those questions and more.
- Can You Spray Paint Fabric?
- Can You Spray Paint Clothes?
- Can Curtains Be Spray Painted?
- What Fabrics Can Be Spray Painted?
- How to Spray Paint Fabrics
- How to Spray Paint Clothing
- How to Paint Upholstery
- Can You Use Regular Spray Paint on Fabric?
- Best Spray Paint for Fabric
- Does Spray Paint Wash off Clothes?
- How Do You Care for Spray Painted Fabrics?
Can You Spray Paint Fabric?
With so many fabrics available in so many different colors, you may be wondering why anyone would want to spray paint fabric.
Color options change over time. There are always new, vibrant colors and combinations hitting the market. So much so, what may have been on trend only a year ago, will probably be aging your décor today.
It can be expensive to replace all your clothing and soft furnishings to keep up with fashion. What better way to stay in vogue than to refresh your fabrics with paint? It’s quick, easy, and compared to redecorating your whole house and wardrobe, relatively cheap.
There are some fabrics more suitable to spray paint than others. It’s best to identify the material you will be painting before you start your color rejuvenation project. Leather, for instance, can’t be spray painted easily. It’s not porous so can’t retain the color. Which means it will peel off over time. The best way to change the color of the leather is to use a leather-specific dye.
Another thing to consider is the texture of your fabric. Some paints can change a soft, malleable, comfy fabric into something with the consistency of hard concrete. If you want to keep the same fabric texture after painting, make sure to read the spray can for coverage information.
Fabrics ideal for spray painting is natural fibers like cotton, linen, rayon, and silk. The tighter the weave, the better the color retention. Looser weaves tend to let the paint seep through, leading to a less vibrant result.
Can You Spray Paint Clothes?
Clothes can be spray painted to create some great effects. Combining the paint with techniques such as tie-dye, pleating or stenciling will produce unique and individual fashion statements to suit your personality and style.
There are a few things to keep in mind when spray-painting clothes. The first, and probably most important, is the paint you use. Clothing is worn close to the skin so whatever you use, it has to be nontoxic. Otherwise, you run the risk of ruining your health for the sake of fashion.
Paint also needs to match the fabric you are painting. Your favorite tee-shirt isn’t going to be so comfortable if the paint sets hard, turning it into a shirt shaped piece of cardboard. To be usable on clothing, the spray paint has to be flexible to allow the garment to move when you do.
Whenever you use spray paint on garments, pay attention to the fabric. Natural materials like cotton are ideal for painting due to their ability to absorb the color. Polyester or synthetic materials are less likely to absorb paint and could end up with unattractive blotches.
Another factor is how often the garment will be washed. Check the paint to make sure it can withstand frequent washing without loss of color. Fading may happen on the first wash, as it would with a new pair of jeans. The last thing you need is for all the paint to come out the first time the garment goes through the laundry.
Similarly, if the garment is dry clean only, you will need to check the contents of the spray paint. Will it have a detrimental effect on the garment when exposed to dry-cleaning chemicals? You may also need to tell the dry-cleaners the garment has been painted. Or they may try to remove the paint for you.
Can Curtains Be Spray Painted?
As with clothing, the key to successfully painting curtains is knowing the fabric they are made from. If the curtains are opened and closed regularly, a paint giving a flexible finish is a must!
The same spray paints suitable for your clothing will also work well on many curtain fabrics, especially if the fabric is a natural fiber such as cotton.
Although curtains are not in regular contact with skin, it may be an idea to keep to nontoxic paints if you have children or pets.
What Fabrics Can Be Spray Painted?
When it comes to spray paint, natural materials like cotton are an ideal fabric. 100% cotton is durable, breathable, and easy to work with.
Cotton comes in different weights from the lighter, sheer fabrics like seersucker, to heavier cotton such as denim and canvas. Whether you’re changing the color of your shoes, clothing, or furniture, spray painting cotton is a breeze.
The fabric’s tendency to wrinkle can be used to create some fantastic effects. Tie-dying, for instance, utilizes the creases to produce instant and unique patterns. Cotton is also known to shrink. So make sure you pre-wash the fabric before painting to allow for possible shrinkage.
Polycotton is a blend of polyester and cotton. The polyester-cotton mix can vary from a 50/50 split to a lower 30/70 combination. Polycottons tend to be more crease-resistant and so require less ironing.
The polyester content in this blended fabric can alter the ability to absorb paint. It can also make the fabric more susceptible to heat damage. Both of which can be an issue when it comes to spray paint. Test a small area of the fabric to assess its compatibility with the paint before committing to the whole project.
Another natural fiber, wool, can be painted or dyed. The one thing to watch for with wool is, any color already present may bleed into your new color. It’s a bit like dying dark hair blonde.
Unless you take out the dark color first, the blonde will be more of an orange. Test the paint in a small area to see what effect the original wool color will have on your chosen shade.
Naturally buoyant, painting can flatten the fibers in wool. Make sure to select a flexible paint that won’t harden the fabric. Wool is at its softest when it retains its natural spring.
There are a couple of ways to paint silk fabrics. However, most techniques don’t involve spray paints. Armed with special silk paint, you can create some stunning designs with a paintbrush. The serti technique for silk painting involves drawing designs onto the fabric using borders made with a substance called Resist or Gutta.
Once the design is drawn on the fabric, you simply color in the different sections. Resist and Gutta will stop the colors from bleeding into the next area.
Rather than spray painting silk, if you are looking at an all-over color change, a silk dye would be easier to use. Silk is heat sensitive and many spray paints require heat to set them into the fabric. The combination of silk and heat may not end well.
Similar to cotton, linen is a woven fabric made from natural fibers. It has the same tendency to wrinkle and can be used to create some stunning designs.
Linen is highly absorbent, which makes it a great fabric to paint. From clothes to furniture, spray painting on linen is easy and effective.
For best results, avoid trying to paint synthetic materials like polyester. One of the key aspects of getting spray paint to set onto fabric is heat, which can be a bit of a problem for some synthetic materials. Polyester, in particular, tends to melt when it encounters too much heat.
Where synthetics are concerned, you are better off using fabric dyes rather than paint. Make sure the dye is designed for polyester.
How to Spray Paint Fabrics
Spray painting fabric is a quick process, but sometimes it can be tricky to get a decent finish. Here are a few hints and tips for successful painting.
Spray in a Well Ventilated Area
It’s important to use spray paint in a well-ventilated area, so you don’t inhale paint particles or become overcome by the fumes. The best place to use paint is outdoors so the fresh air can help dispel the fumes and paint dust.
If you cannot use the paint outdoors, make sure your indoor space has opening windows and doors. Whether you are indoors or outside, make sure you wear a mask to prevent paint inhalation.
Test Your Fabric and Paint
Before you start your painting project, you’ll need to ensure the fabric is compatible with your choice of paint.
To do this, try a small amount of the paint in a small, inconspicuous area. Allow it to dry and assess how well the paint has worked. Has it altered the fabric texture? Is it giving you a look you want? You may find the paint doesn’t cover well, or the color comes out wrong.
Similarly, test the paint you intend to use. Is it colorfast? Will it rub off the first time the item is used? Repainting a seat cover is one thing, but do you want the paint to transfer to your jeans when you sit on it?
Testing in this way will help you find the right paint for the job. It will also help you work out how much paint you need. Different fabrics and textures will alter the coverage of the spray paint. Some will require more, others less.
Start With a Clean Area
As with any painting, make sure to prepare the area before grabbing the spray can. Paint sticks to surfaces better if they are free from grease, grime, and dust. Clean the area thoroughly to remove dirt. The last thing you need is dust bumps or stray hairs standing out on your fresh paint.
How to Use a Spray Paint Can
There is a knack for using spray paint so you can get a smooth, consistent, drip-free finish. You need a steady hand and plenty of space.
Remember to read the instructions on the can before you start to spray. Sometimes, the manufacturer will give tips for perfect results. Things like applying a mist coat as a primer, for instance.
The best way to apply the spray paint is in one continuous movement. Start to spray a couple of inches before the object and follow through in a slow, confident sweeping motion. Continue the sweep until you are a couple of inches beyond the item. This will ensure any drips or splutters happen away from your work.
Moving in the opposite direction, bring your arm back across in the same sweeping motion. Overlap your previous line to ensure even coverage. Carry on with the slow sweep from one side to the other, then back, until the item is completely covered.
To prevent the paint from running as you spray, keep the pressure on the nozzle constant. Your back and forth movement should be as even and smooth as possible. Clean the nozzle occasionally to reduce the likelihood of sudden bursts of color.
Cover Areas You Don’t Want to Paint
It doesn’t matter how careful you are with spray paint; it can and will go everywhere. Make sure you cover anything you don’t want to be painted. Masking tape is a handy tool for protecting small areas. It can also be used to hold down drop cloths, so they don’t move as you work.
Think about what you are wearing before you push that spray nozzle! This is one job where you don’t want to wear your best garments or shoes! Change into old clothes or wear protective plastic overalls and shoe covers. It’s a good idea to cover up bare skin too! Otherwise, your arms and legs may end up sporting a spotty new color scheme of their own.
How to Spray Paint Clothing
Using spray paint on clothing is easy and a great way to show off your style. Clothes made out of denim like jeans, shirts, and jackets are a great canvas for a personal touch.
One of the first things to consider before spray painting denim or any other clothing; make sure you have the right paint.
Clothing needs to be flexible, so it moves when we do. Any paint you use must allow the fabric in your clothes to retain this flexibility. A big problem, especially with denim, is that paint dries on the fabric surface. When the fibers in the denim move, the paint stays still. This can cause cracking.
To make sure you get the best possible, long-lasting finish on your clothes, always use top-quality paint that has built-in flex. Avoid clothes designed to stretch like jeggings; any paint will struggle to cope with tight-fitting garments that stretch four different ways. Lastly, make sure to set the paint with heat.
How to Paint Upholstery
Painting upholstery is fairly straightforward. Many of the fabrics used are the same as clothing and curtains. You’ll need more space to spray paint your sofa, but other than that, it’s a similar process.
Having said that, one potential issue with upholstery is paint transfer. More so than with clothing, you need to make sure the paint is set properly into the upholstery fabric. Otherwise, the color from the paint will transfer to your clothes when you use the furniture.
Be aware of the fabric used in your upholstery. If it’s leather, spray painting may not work. The finish could be blotchy and may peel. Specific leather dyes work better.
Can You Use Regular Spray Paint on Fabric?
Spray paint can be used on a range of items from cars, fences, and fabrics. The materials used for different items can be as varied as metal, plastic, wood, and fibers. There is paint available for each one.
Regular spray paint tends to be for items like metal, wood, or plastic. Fabric spray paint is a specific blend of non-toxic ingredients designed to come into close contact with skin from both humans and pets.
Using a spray paint intended for metal on your tee shirt could end up risking your health. It could cause an allergic reaction, rashes, or illness. Not only that but hugging your dog could prove unhealthy or fatal to them too! When it comes to painting, always stick to the type recommended for the item.
Best Spray Paint for Fabric
Here’s a list of the best spray paints available. All are suitable for fabrics.
Tulip ColorShot Instant Fabric ColorAvailable in a range of colors, Tulip Colorshot Instant Fabric Color works equally well on natural and synthetic materials. It comes in a 3oz aerosol spray for perfectly even coverage. Designed to be splatter proof and drip-free, the paint is ideal for stenciling or an all-over shade of color.
This paint will dry quickly, leaving fabrics soft, making it ideal for clothing. Better still, the color is both permanent and washable.
- Splatter proof and drip-free
- Permanent color
- Machine washable
- Dries quickly
- Fabric is soft to the touch
- Ideal for stencils and monograms
- Perfect for all-over color
Dupli-Color Vinyl and Fabric CoatingDupli-Color Vinyl and Fabric paint gives a flexible and durable finish to vinyl and fabric. Ideal for restoring vinyl seats to their former glory, the paint can also be used on carpets.
Giving you a versatile paint suitable for harder surfaces as well as softer fabric finishes. Formulated to be crack, chip, and peel resistant, it has the flexibility to move with the fabric.
With an inbuilt adhesion promoter, there’s no need to purchase any additional primers or allow time for them to set. The paint is dry to the touch in 30 minutes and the item is ready to use in an hour.
- EZ touch conical nozzle
- Resistant to cracking or peeling
- Dries in 30 minutes
- Range of colors
- Flexible finish
Tulip ColorShot Upholstery Fabric Spray PaintEasy and quick to use, Tulip ColorShot upholstery paint is ideal for boosting the color scheme of your home décor. Suitable for synthetic fibers and natural material, the paint dries in no time at all. Leaving a soft, luxuriant finish on your furniture fabrics. The weave of the fabric remains visible after painting to create a more natural look.
One of the advantages of this paint, the rich, vibrant colors won’t rub off onto your clothes when you sit on your painted upholstery. Long-lasting and colorfast, the variety of colors available will suit any style and fit in with your existing decorative flair.
- Allows fabric weave to show through
- Drip and splatter-free
- Suitable for natural and synthetic fabrics
- Even coverage
- Color won’t rub off onto clothing
- Soft to the touch
Rust-Oleum Vinyl and Fabric PaintNo products found.Suitable for use on vinyl and simulated leather, No products found. this spray paint gives a flexible finish for your home’s heavy use areas. With excellent adhesive qualities, the paint will not rub off, crack or peel. Giving a long-lasting pop of color to seat covers, mats, and other interior surfaces.
This spray paint has an advanced spraying system allowing use at any angle, even upside down. With a comfort spray tip and wide finger pad, this spray paint is a breeze to use.
- Flexible coating
- Ideal for vinyl, simulated leather, and some fabrics
- Excellent adhesion
- Will not rub off
- Crack and peel resistant
- Advanced spray system allows painting at any angle
- Comfort spray tip
- Wide finger pad to reduce fatigue
Does Spray Paint Wash off Clothes?
Spray paint, or paint in general, can fade after washing, especially after the first wash. This is normal. The amount of fade can be reduced through the painting process used.
One of the best ways to ensure your new color scheme lasts is to set the paint with heat. This should make the color more stable. It’s always a good idea to consider how often something will be washed when you choose the paint. Some are more water-resistant than others.
Washing the fabric with care will also help protect the painted finish. Use a mild detergent, avoiding fabric conditioner and bleach. Both will strip the color from the paint and loosen the particles, causing cracking or peeling. Another way to preserve the paintwork is to wash the garment inside out on a low heat setting.
How Do You Care for Spray Painted Fabrics?
Once the spray paint has been given enough time to dry, it will be permanent. Some manufacturers recommend allowing 3 days before bringing the fabric into contact with water. Besides avoiding products that bleach or remove the color from fabric, care for your garments shouldn’t be affected.
The main thing is to make sure you use the correct paint for the fabric. This will ensure a long-lasting vibrant result that will be colorfast and safe to use.
Painting your clothes and upholstery is quick and effective. It’s a great way of brightening your home and wardrobe.
From the list above, the best fabric paint is the Tulip ColorShot Instant Fabric Color. With quick-drying, even coverage, it will give great results in a short space of time.
I hope you liked the article and it’s given you the confidence to give fabric painting a go. Let me know in the comments if you have painted any of your clothes and how it turned out.
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domain: hobby


Two Great Events Coming To London This September
The summer may be winding down but festival season is still in high gear in London, with two great offerings in early September.
The London Beatles Festival
September 8-10 2017
Various Downtown Locations
Immerse yourself in the Beatlemania in Downtown London, with a great lineup of music, artists, speakers, and vendors. All satellite locations are within a short walking distance of the main festival stages.
The Western Fair
September 8-17 2017
Western Fair District
To celebrate Canada’s 150th year, the Western Fair will feature more than 50 rides, delicious fair food, over 800 animals, rodeo, and other attractions. Come to the Western Fair District for 10 days of fun, music and entertainment for the whole family.


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This set of machine embroidery designs is part of our Fashion Accessories and Freestanding Battenberg Lace Fashion collections. It uses the Freestanding Battenberg Lace technique. The designs will fit the Small hoop (4" x 4").
You can read about how to embroider the designs and see some ideas on how to embellish them on the page with instructions.
Freestanding Battenberg Lace >> Fashion
|Technique:||Freestanding Battenberg Lace|
|Price:||$10 to $15|


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BLM is an insurance risk and commercial law firm with both a domestic and international focus. We now work with an increasing number of customers, across more lines of business, in more locations throughout the UK and Ireland as well as across the world, than ever before. Our philosophy is to deliver positive outcomes for our clients and help them make their businesses more successful. Fundamentally we are helping them to reduce the time and money spent on managing risk and resolving disputes, whilst offering a practical, commercial and solutions driven approach to non-contentious business law.
Our transparency of purpose, flexible approach and teamwork has allowed BLM to grow, whilst keeping our customers at the heart of what we do.
We have established a deep-rooted presence in the general insurance sector, the London Market and amongst brokers. We also have a significant presence among corporate businesses many of whom are multi-national, the public sector and the health and care industry.
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How do layers work in ArcGIS?In ArcGIS, layers are collections of geographic data. Layers reference a data source, and if
What is a layer in ArcGIS?In ArcGIS Online, you work with geographic data through layers. Layers, also called web layers, are logical collections of geographic data that are used to create maps and scenes; they are also the basis for geographic analysis.
What are data layers in GIS?A data layer, also known as an operational layer, is a client-side layer that can access geographic data from a data source . You use a data layer to display geographic data on top of a basemap layer in a map or scene . The data source for the layer can be a data service or a file such as a Shapefile or GeoJSON file.
What does it mean for a map to have layers?A layer represents geographic data in ArcMap, such as a particular theme of data. Examples of map layers include streams and lakes, terrain, roads, political boundaries, parcels, building footprints, utility lines, and orthophoto imagery. Each map layer is used to display and work with a specific GIS dataset.
What is the difference between map layer and feature layer in ArcGIS?A map service does not expose the editing capability and provides read-only access to feature and attribute content, while a feature service contains the information from feature layers that can be edited if editing is enabled. Clients can query and edit the feature geometry and attributes of a feature service.
ArcGIS Pro How layers draw and grouping layers
What is the difference between layer and shapefile in ArcGIS?A layer file (. lyr) is a file that stores the path to a source dataset and other layer properties, including symbology. In comparison to a shapefile, a layer file is a just a link or reference to actual data, such as a shapefile, feature class, etc.
What is the difference between layer and feature layer?FeatureLayers and RasterLayers have many other data specific properties, but both of these inherit from Layer. So Layer is not an abbreviation of FeatureLayer it is a base object (you could think of it as a simpler object) that other types of layers are inheriting from.
How do you use map layers?
Maps are created with one layer, but you can have up to 10.
- On your computer, sign in to My Maps.
- Open or create a map. You'll see your layers in the box on the left.
- Make the changes you want. Add a layer: Click Add layer. Then click the title and add a name. Delete a layer: Next to the layer title, click More.
Why are layers fundamental in GIS?Layers are used in GIS based on ease of use and data collection. If you think about the way most data is collected, layers make sense. Data is generally collected as a layer (i.e. a road survey collects data about roads, a vegetation survey collects data about vegetation). Layers allow you to view data effectively.
What are the 3 layers of GIS?
The 5 Layers of GIS Mapping: What They Are and How They Work
- Mapping Reality: Spatial Reference Frameworks. ...
- Storing Mapped Data: Spatial Data Models. ...
- Collecting Geographic Data: Spatial Data Acquisition Systems. ...
- Turning Geographic Data into Useful Information: Spatial Data Analysis.
How do I create a data layer in ArcGIS?
Create a feature layer
- Sign in to your ArcGIS organizational account. ...
- On the ribbon, click the Content tab.
- Click the New item button. ...
- Click Feature layer. ...
- Choose Define your own layer and click Next.
- Under Specify name and type, delete Layer_1 and type Beach Cleanups. ...
- Click Next.
What are spatial layers?A spatial layer is an image which contains regular, gridded data over a specific geographical area, such as the continent of Australia. These spatial layers can be/are often used for contextual visualisation, data extraction and ecological modelling.
How do I add a data layer in ArcGIS?
Add data from the Add Data dialog box
- Make sure a map or scene is your active view.
- On the Map tab, in the Layer group, click Add Data and click Data .
- On the Add Data dialog box, browse to a layer at an online location or a local location: ...
- Click the layers in the search results that you want to add and click OK.
Where are layers in ArcGIS?Layers are displayed in a particular order displayed in the map's table of contents. Layers listed at the bottom are displayed first, followed by the layers above them. Layers provide one of the primary ways that you work with geographic data in ArcGIS.
What is a layer used for?Layers are used in digital image editing to separate different elements of an image. A layer can be compared to a transparency on which imaging effects or images are applied and placed over or under an image.
Where is layer properties in ArcGIS?To access these settings, choose a layer in the Contents pane and click the layer's contextual tabs on the ribbon. Additional properties are available through the Layer Properties dialog box. The tabs on this dialog box are specific to the type of layer.
Does GIS use themes or layers?Each GIS will contain multiple themes for a common geographic area. The collection of themes acts as layers in a stack. Each theme can be managed as an information set independent of other themes.
Why are layers important?Layers are the key to building a nondestructive workflow because they enable you to isolate important image components so that you can edit each independently of the rest of the image.
Why would layers work in data analysis?A data layer integrates with other tools, improving data quality by providing each tool with the necessary data. For example, if you use Google Analytics and Google Tag Manager (GTM) for web analytics, a data layer will ensure that each of these tools receives the relevant data.
How do I view layers in GIS?Viewing GIS layer data
To view GIS layer data the layer must be made selectable in the GIS Layer Control dialog. Right-click in the GeoPlan Window and choose GIS Layer control from the popup menu. Select each GIS layer for which viewing is to be enabled and check the Selectable box for that layer.

domain: geography


But here’s the thing: no one could stop them. Women weren’t set to give up these new freedoms after finally ridding themselves of the dreaded chaperone.
Annie Londonderry was an American mother of three who decided to cycle around the world in fifteen months, setting off from Boston in 1894 carrying only a change of clothes and a pearl-handled revolver. Not only did she make full use of a woman’s new found freedom of movement, she also did a lot to change public perception by becoming a bit of a celebrity.
Since then, there’s been no stopping ladies from pedalling, with Beryl Burton often hailed as one of the most inspiring and important female cyclists or all time. In fact, the act of cycling is still rather revolutionary. Cycling attracts women of all different shapes, sizes, backgrounds, passions and interests. You can enjoy being on your bike in a myriad of ways; from road racing to mountain biking, cyclo-cross to bike polo.
Cycling encourages women to step outside the traditional gender roles that still exist in our ‘enlightened’ world: it’s not quite the move from skirts to bloomers, but women who cycle are challenging the idea of femininity by partaking in a form of exercise that’s male-dominated.
And in other parts of the world, the bicycle is still acting as a catalyst for change. Shannon Galpin has been working with the Afghan Women’s Cycle team since 2012, trying to kick-start a cultural revolution similar to that which changed things for women in the West in the late 1800s.
“I realised that when you look at any culture, when women started to ride bikes it kind of up-turned the apple cart and created a lot of controversy,” says Shannon. “This has happened in every single culture. You can’t blame [the lack of freedom for women] on religion. It’s just a natural, cultural timeline of women’s rights.”
Enjoyed this history lesson? You might like these too:


On March 31 Mykolaiv Zoo held a traditional holiday “Bird Day”. For many decades this day we are talking about the value and necessity of protecting the world of feathered. But we try to make every educational holiday not only useful and cognitive, but also fun and interesting. For you young Mykolaiv artists have prepared an extremely interesting concert program. Among the participants of the event are the folk dance ensemble “Caprice”, the folk dance ensemble “Surprise”, “Edelweiss” dance ensemble, young singers of studios “Talent” and “Alter ego”, dance groups "Art Ukraine" and "Fairy" and Mykolaiv Municipal academic college. Interesting master classes for all interested persons were prepared by the City organization of Young Naturalists and the Students of the Small Grants Access Program of the US State Department. Fun program for kids was performed by funny animators of children's center Joy land.
Mykolaiv zoo thanks everyone who helped create a fun and bright holiday! We look forward to further fruitful cooperation.


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March 1 - 4, 2024|
Camp Wanakita, Haliburton
Winter Folk Camp
It is a weekend of music and fun has been held on the first weekend of March at YMCA Wanakita in the Haliburton Highlands.
Time & Location
March 1 - 4, 2024
Camp Wanakita, Haliburton, 1883 Koshlong Lake Rd, Haliburton, ON K0M 1S0, Canada
About the event
- 6 amazing instructors/performers
- 3 days of music workshops
- 3 nights of song circles and jam sessions
- 2 concerts
- 1 beautiful site with great food, and outdoor activities
All combined to create a musical community that will reinvigorate your love of making music.


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International volunteer students dig-in at Nai Nang, restoration site
Posted on: May 9th, 2017
By David Matyas, MAP Volunteer Intern
To start of the month, on May first, the MAP team paid a visit to Nai Nang village where we met with the local community and the volunteers of Projects Abroad joined by the students of the Canadian International School from India and we joined together for some serious earth moving ecological improvements at one new restoration site, supported by Synchronicity Earth.
Nai Nang involvement in mangrove conservation
For the Nai Nang community, the mangrove is much more than just trees as provide livelihoods and food in the form of fish, shellfish, snails, shrimp and crabs. Meanwhile, it’s also a natural protection against coastal erosion and tropical storm caused disaster. In 2012, the community wisely decided to protect the mangrove forest near their village by establishing an 80 ha protected zone. In 2014, the plan turned to action as began to restore abandoned shrimp ponds using the CBEMR process introduced by MAP. Soon after they invited wild bees to stay in wooden boxes they built and set out near their houses. Realizing that the sweet honey production is a sustainable activity providing supplementary incomes and improves mangrove pollination they knew they had found a win-win enterprise. Today the Nai Nang community has around 400-500 beehives and they project to reach 600 in the next couples years.
Volunteer students at work improving the hydrology
Early in the morning, before the scorching tropical sun rose high above our heads and the heavy humidity make physical work impossible for us foreigners, volunteers from Projects Abroad and the students of the Canadian International School were digging and making mounts of muddy soils rise up from the flat bottoms of two shrimp ponds to restore the hydrology of the two sites. We soon learned that mangrove restoration requires teamwork and is much more than just about planting seedlings or propagules.
Why change the topography?
Both sites were too low compared to normal soil elevation of the natural mangrove zone so at high tide, the water level is too high andinundation is too long even for the colonizing mangrove species to survive. Mangrove just like all other plants does need to breath, which is impossible underwater. Moreover, the current was too strong during the tidal flooding and receding making it hard for the seedling to anchor and root.
Mr Sutee Pankwan answering question of volunteers about apiculture in Nai Nang
Honey of the sea forest
In the afternoon, Mr. Sutee Pankwan, as the head of Nai Nang apiculture group, explained to all of us why the mangrove is so important for his village. He described the process of making honey and how the community set empty beehives in the mangrove, hoping for wild queen eventually settle with the whole colony following and become busy bees producing golden honey. At the end of the season, they bring back the beehives to the forest near their home where they work to extract the honey. The volunteers watched how they took the honey from the beehive and they had the opportunity to taste the freshest, sweetest honey in their lives.
The reward for their hard work: Volunteers tasting the golden honey.
Key message …
It was a good day to observe the first field work needed to restore mangrove forests. Not all shrimp ponds are restorable and it’s important to understand why mangrove don’t grow on the site. To improve hydrology is often the first important work to restore mangroves.

domain: biology


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East Rankin/Boys Basketball
? By the numbers: Dearman, a 5-foot-9 sophomore point guard, had 28 points, 4 rebounds, 4 assists and 4 steals in a 60-58 upset of MRA.
? Coach speak: "Seth is a terrific offensive player who has bettered his ball handling skills and defensive game to better make himself a complete player," Michael McAnally said.
? For the record: Dearman averages 11.4 points, 3.5 rebounds, 2.7 assists and 1.6 steals.
? Born: Oct. 17, 1997
? Favorite athlete: Paul George
? Toughest opponent: Alex Shepard (Leake Academy)
? Another sport: Dearman is a defensive back for the Patriot football team, but basketball is his first love. "There's a lot more action."
? By the numbers: Lundgren, a junior forward, scored three goals and assisted on the other two in a 5-0 win over Florence in the 4A championship game.
? Coach speak: Evan's (effort) is what drives us as a team," Ryan Joiner said. "We feed off his energy."
? For the record: Lundgren finished the season with 19 goals and 13 assists for the Rock-A-Chaws.
? Born: Sept. 8, 1996 in New Orleans
? Favorite athlete: Tyrann Mathieu
? Toughest opponent: Patrick Ponder (Bay)
? Food: Pepperoni pizza
? Dream vacation destination: Belize
? Pet: Lundgren has a lizard named Spike
? By the numbers: Causey, a 6-foot junior, had 24 points and 13 rebounds in a 77-47 win over Prentiss and 24 points and 10 rebounds in a 70-36 win over Mendenhall.
? Coach speak: "She is a very hard worker," Darrin Chancellor said. "She can be as good as she wants to be."
? For the record: Causey isd averaging 19 points and 12 rebounds.
? Born: July 28, 1997 in Florence.
? Favorite athlete: Kevin Durant.
? Toughest opponent: Annessia Durham (Raymond)
? Favorite food: "I like all food," she said.
? Dream vacatin destination: Paris
? Roundball fan: Basketball is the only sport Causey plays. "I love the game."
? By the numbers: Mansell, a junior forward, scored two goals in each game in a 3-2 win over West Lauderdale and a 2-1 victory over Richland for the 4A state title.
? Coach speak: "She's a coach's dream who loves her teammates and makes big play after big play for us," Matt Reid said.
? For the record: Mansell finished the season with 41 goals and 7 assists.
? Born: May 20, 1997 in Hattiesburg
? Favorite athlete: Alex Morgan, a member of the U.S. national soccer team.
? Dream vacation destination: Bahamas
? Pets: She has two male dogs, a husky named Nanti and a weimeraner named Beckham.
? More soccer: The end of the the high school season means the beginning of select soccer. Mansell will play defense for Gulf Coast United.

domain: sports