On a recent LinkedIn post I shared results of a POC we did at Firebolt, where we ran queries that were previously run on Snowflake. The results were great - huge performance gains over smaller and cheaper clusters. The truth is that I didn't put too much thought into this post - it was shared pretty randomly after I was happy to see such great results.
What took us by surprise, is how much attention in views/comments we got from this post. Conclusion: Mention Snowflake = Get attention :-)
In the post comments I got a lot of request for more information on the queries we ran. I did answer a couple saying that it wasn't a big dataset (~0.5TB) and that the queries were rather simple. One comment was skeptical that a simple query on Snowflake wouldn't be fast. So I decided to expand on that topic and share more information on the actual queries.
Part 1 - Why even simple queries can be slow in cloud data warehouses
Unlike in the on-premise world, modern cloud data engines have a much more complicated relationship with storage. In the cloud we enjoy infinite storage, which is great. But the infinite storage layer of S3 (I will talk in AWS lingo throughout the post, but the same concepts/challenges are true for all cloud providers) is far from optimal for performance.
When queries aren't waiting in the cache, and the query engine has to scan data in S3, that's when you typically go and get coffee. Queries are too slow for interactive analytics if large data scans over S3 are involved. This is something that most Athena/Presto users know very well. Since these query engines scan data directly in S3, they run into slowdowns very often when data volumes are significant.
All cloud data warehouses have various techniques for storing data in a smarter way and serving it to the query engine in a faster way. This is why cloud data warehouses are typically faster than Athena/Presto for non-cached queries.
But at the end of the day, at scale, even the modern cloud data warehouses have to move too much data between S3 and the SSD of the compute nodes to stay performant.
Here's one of the Snowflake queries (fields/values are masked of course):
It's a simple query. No joins, only one big table. The other queries weren't very different conceptually, so let's stick to this example. The query essentially aggregates over a few dimensions, and returns sums with a combination of case statements. The query is filtered by a few of the dimensions.
But the filters are where it actually gets interesting. Because the values by which the data is filtered can be randomly spread across the physical files in S3, finding them requires lengthy data scans. Moreover, Snowflake's smallest chunk of data that can move from S3 to the SSD is a full micropartition, which is 50MB-150MB in size. Each micropartition typically contains much more data than what the filters really need, so the micropartition gets sliced only after reaching the SSD. Precious time is wasted on data access and fetching of micropartitions in GBs, only to be later sliced by the query filters.
I hope this conveys why even at 0.5TB you can already see simple queries taking dozens of seconds to run in a "Large" warehouse.
Part 2 - How Firebolt uses indexing to prune data and stay fast at scale
So how do you overcome that slowness of moving data from S3 to the higher memory tiers? The answer is in moving less data, and that's where indexing and optimized storage come into play.
At Firebolt we rely on our proprietary storage format, called F3 ("TripleF"). When data is ingested into Firebolt, it is automatically converted and stored in F3. What's unique about F3 files is that they're sorted, compressed and indexed. Tables in Firebolt are defined with a PRIMARY INDEX, which determines the physical sort order of the F3 files. Then, an index is created and works in a tightly coupled way with the F3 files. When queries come in, the index is used for pruning: The index tells the query which very particular ranges of data to pull from F3 - only the ones that actually participate in the query. So unlike other query engines, that transfer big files from S3 which are later sliced, with F3 significant amount of bandwidth is saved due to the index, because only data that the queries need actually gets moved.
So let's look at how we defined the PRIMARY INDEX in Firebolt:
Primary indexes in Firebolt are most effective when they're correlated with the fields that are most commonly used to slice the data. In this POC the "date", "type" and "account" fields are most commonly used to slice the data, and this is why the primary index is so effective.
Conclusion - Your cloud data warehouse won't stay fast for long, but fear not!
The one thing we can probably safely predict, is that if we'll all have much more data to analyze as time goes by. As your data continues to grow, you'll find that you can't escape performance challenges forever, because the existing approaches to storage and query engines in the cloud aren't fast enough for analytics at scale.
Firebolt's optimized storage and indexing approach relies on efficient data pruning that can dramatically increase query performance, without the need for more compute firepower.
Learn more about Firebolt's POC results in our upcoming webinar:
Firebolt POCs Explained - What Makes Firebolt Outperform Snowflake, Athena and Others. Register here!


text:
PORTLAND, Maine — Two men were sentenced Friday in U.S. District Court for being part of a drug conspiracy that stretched from Central America to Florida to northern Maine.
Richard “Rat” Russell, 49, of Lincoln was sentenced to 10 years in federal prison, and Troy Littlefield, 44, of Oakfield was sentenced to six years in federal prison.
The men were two of 18 defendants who have pleaded guilty to being part of a conspiracy to distribute cocaine in the Lee-Lincoln area, according to the U.S. Attorney’s Office. In addition to prison time, Russell was sentenced to eight years of supervised release after completing his sentence, and Littlefield was sentenced to four years of supervised release.
U.S. District Judge D. Brock Hornby also ordered Russell to forfeit nearly $180,500 and Littlefield to forfeit more than $85,000 to the government from their drug proceeds.
Between January 2002 and June 2005, Russell admitted that he conspired to distribute cocaine and oxycodone, according to court documents. He was regularly “fronted” cocaine by his co-conspirators in Florida and sold it to customers in the Lincoln area.
Littlefield admitted being involved in the operation from June and November 2005, according to court documents. He and others obtained cocaine from two Massachusetts suppliers.
Others who have pleaded guilty to federal charges and are awaiting sentencing are: Lisa Delaurentiis, 43, of Jupiter, Fla.; Brent “Cowboy” Noyes, 57, of Lincoln; Kenneth Kaczmarski, 43, of Jupiter, Fla.; and Michael Mayer, 55, of Jupiter, Fla., and Costa Rico.
All are scheduled to be sentenced in March or April in federal court in Portland.
Others who have pleaded guilty have received the following sentences according to court documents:
Laurent “Larry” Provost, 62, of Woonsocket, R.I., 2½ years in prison, three years of supervised release, forfeiture of $100,000; Jeffery Whitehead, 54, of Enfield, five years and five months in prison, four years of supervised release; Jeffrey Polk, 36, of Alaska, four years in prison, three years of supervised release.
Daniel “Danny” Littlefield, 49, of Lee, seven years and eight months in prison, five years of supervised release; Mark Russell, 41, of Lincoln, one year and 10 months in prison, four years of supervised release; Donald “Donny” Russell, 50, of Lincoln, four years in prison, three years supervised release.
Raymond Davis, 48 of Lincoln and Jupiter, Fla., seven years in prison, five years of supervised release.
Jeffrey “Bow Neck” Edwards, 42, of Bradenton and Islamorada, Fla., four years in prison, three years of supervised release; Robert Donath, 28, of Lincoln, 7½ years in prison, five years of supervised release.
Peter Glidden, 31, of Smithfield, seven years in prison, five years of supervised release; Preston Chubbuck, 43, of Springfield, two years and one month in prison, three years of supervised release; Nancy Squegilia, 51, of East Millinocket, two years and nine months in prison, three years of supervised release.
The Russells are brothers. The Littlefields are not related, according to prosecutors.

domain: law


Workers at five Idaho Tax Commission offices will get an early, unpaid start to the 4th of July weekend. The tax commission is scheduling 10 half day or full day field offices closures to meet its furlough requirements for the next budget year.
Offices in Idaho Falls, Pocatello, Twin Falls, Lewiston, and Coeur d’Alene will close on Friday, and all commission offices will be closed on July 5 for the Independence Day holiday. Starting July 23, the five regional offices will close at noon every other Friday until Oct. 29.
Tax commission spokesman Dan John said the closures have been planned for a while, and aren’t connected to the recent ruling that Idaho’s four tax commissioners must be paid for their furlough days in the current budget year.
“This is just a way to structure it in our remote areas because they’re small offices,” John said. “When you’re doing furloughs and people are gone, it makes it difficult to do some of the jobs they have to do.” John said the field office managers backed the scheduled closings. The offices have tax auditors and collectors and provide some customer service for taxpayers.
Customers who need to contact the tax commission during the closures can still call the Boise office, which will remain open.
The field offices will also be closed Nov. 26, the day after Thanksgiving. That would add up to six full furlough days for tax commission employees. John said the agency is expecting to need eight to 12 furlough days for the entire fiscal year, so more closures might go into effect in early 2011.
The tax commission will see an increase in funding in the next state budget, which starts its year July 1. Much of the increased funding is to hire temporary auditors and tax specialists to help the state collect millions in unpaid taxes.


text:
The MDW - UNIVERSITY OF MUSIC AND PERFORMING ARTS VIENNA commissioned Christian Hörlesberger to produce several artist portrait videos of musicians from the university. In interviews they talk about themselves, their instruments and approaches to music. They also show their skills and play some works from their repertoire.
MITRA KOTTE - piano
The artist talks about her path so far and how she works on pieces of music. She plays the Ludwig van Beethoven Sonata in f-minor, op. 57, 1. Allegro assai and Isaac Albéniz El Albaicín from Iberia Suite.
CARLOS AGUILAR VARGAS - double
The double bass player from Chile talks about his experiences with the Vienna Philharmonic and plays Reinhold Glière's Intermezzo op.9 no.1

domain: artistic


text:
[Updated 12 pm with correction] Flexion Therapeutics’ transformation into an osteoarthritis specialist continued gaining traction today, as the Burlington, MA-based company moved its most advanced drug within earshot of a late-stage clinical trial.
Flexion says a drug it calls FX006, a long-lasting form of the steroid triamcinolone, hit its main goals in a 12-week, mid-stage clinical trial involving 228 patients with the degenerative joint disorder.
Flexion only released top-line data—CEO Mike Clayman says the company is “aggressively trying to find the best near-term scientific forum” to present the full details from the study—but it indicated that the drug did a better job of relieving patients’ knee pain, and over a longer period of time, than the immediate-release form of triamcinolone, which is the most commonly prescribed steroid injection. Flexion said the results are statistically significant, meaning that they weren’t due to chance, and that they are good enough to push the drug into a Phase 3 trial.
“These are the kind of data that enable a path to IPO, “ Clayman says, “and we know that it’s attracted the interest of potential outside parties.”
In the study, patients with osteoarthritis were either given a low (10 milligram), medium (40 mg), or high (60 mg) dose of FX006, or a 40 mg injection of the immediate-release form of triamcinolone, directly into their knee joint to relieve their pain. Clinicians then measured their pain level by taking down patients’ daily scores on a standardized pain scale—with numbers ranging from 0 to 10—and tabulating a weekly average. Flexion tracked those numbers over the course of 12 weeks.
Flexion didn’t specifically say what the numerical difference was between those taking TCA IR and FX006, or the differences in the results between various dose levels, but Clayman claims the pain relief experienced by patients was “amongst the largest ever seen in clinical trials.” Flexion also said that the pain relief came on as quickly as TCA IR, was well-tolerated, and had a comparable safety profile.
Flexion, of course, will have to reproduce these results in a pivotal trial to get a chance to put its first drug on the market. If it can, it will have the chance to grab a portion of a market that includes about 27 million Americans and 100 million people worldwide, a number that will increase as the population ages. Some 50 million intra-articular injections, or shots given directly into the joint, are given worldwide each year, and about 5 million in the U.S. alone. Those shots bring in about $1.5 billion total annually, according to Flexion.
Patients with osteoarthritis are initially treated with oral drugs before moving on to intra-articular injections of either steroids or hyaluronic acids. They eventually get joint replacements if the pain doesn’t subside. Flexion wants FX006 to replace injectable steroids for patients with knee osteoarthritis, and then hopes to be able to use FX006 to treat osteoarthritis in other joints eventually as well.
Flexion plans to kick off a Phase 3 clinical trial in early 2014, Clayman says.
Flexion was formed in 2007 by Clayman and Neil Bodick, both veterans of Eli Lilly. The concept behind the company was to snap up drugs shelved by Big Pharma and run them through efficient trials to quickly prove if they should be developed or not. After that, Flexion planned to either partner or sell the drugs to an acquirer, use the cash to pick up new drugs, and repeat the process.
[This paragraph has been updated to correct references to investors.]
The mission got plenty of support from Big Pharma names: the venture arm of Pfizer (NYSE: PFE) invested in Flexion, and companies including AstraZeneca and Merck KGaA partnered with the startup to run early-stage clinical trials on drug candidates that had languished inside the larger companies. Flexion raised a total of $75 million in equity financing, with investors including 5AM Ventures and Versant Ventures.
The idea, however, never played out. Flexion found that the licensing deals it was carrying out to get these drugs were becoming less lucrative, including smaller up-front payments and more option-based deal triggers, and didn’t want to bear the majority of the risk for the drugs it picked up.
So instead, Flexion took one drug it had acquired from AstraZeneca—now known as FX005—and used it as the bedrock to turn itself into an osteoarthritis specialist. It began developing the compound, added FX006—which it created in-house and built an IP portfolio around—and filled the portfolio out by in-licensing a second drug from AstraZeneca, known as FX007.
Flexion’s new idea is to capitalize on a market with inefficient treatments and use its three drugs to cover the different stages of osteoarthritis progression. Clayman says that oral drugs either have limited efficacy or safety issues and common steroid injections just don’t last that long.
Its strategy, for example, is to place FX006 after oral treatments; position FX005, which inhibits a protein known as p38 MAP kinase that is implicated in inflammation, for people in which steroid injections don’t work; and then place FX007, which curbs pain by blocking a different kinase, as a last option before something like a knee replacement.
“We’re not a rifle shot,” Clayman says, referring to the idea of being a one-drug company. “We’re building a franchise that has an opportunity to make a real and lasting difference in this space for patients who have limited treatment options.”
Whether it works out remains to be seen. Flexion has to run a pivotal trial for FX006, hasn’t completed mid-stage clinical trials for FX005 yet, and hasn’t even started clinical trials for FX007. But the success of this trial is a good start.
“We’ve been at this now for over five and a half years,” he says. “We’re finally seeing the fruits of our labors, and we’re fortunate enough to have clinical data that is as encouraging as it is.”

domain: news


text:
A knife-wielding man attacked 10 people in downtown Turku on Friday afternoon, killing two and wounding eight.
At a press conference on Friday evening, police said that eight people were stabbed in the incident, which began at 16:02, and two of them had died. On Saturday they said there had in fact been 10 victims.
The suspect was shot in the leg and apprehended by police by 16:05, and as of Friday evening was being treated in hospital.
A hospital official said on Friday evening that all of the victims were adults. On Saturday officials said that one was in fact under 18. Turku's main hospital has established a crisis centre at which trauma counselling is available.
The National Bureau of Investigation (NBI) has taken over the probe from the Turku police department, and the security intelligence police Supo are also involved in the investigation, along with Interpol. On Saturday the NBI said the incident was being investigated as a potential terror attack.
Interior Minister Paula Risikko said at the press conference that authorities were contacting immigration authorities and others to find out more about the suspect, but his identity was not known as of Friday evening--although she said he is '"foreign-looking".
Investigators are trying to ascertain whether the attacker acted alone or whether he had any accomplices, and are analysing surveillance camera footage of the incident.
Risikko added that President Sauli Niinistö was heading to Turku and would be briefed on the incident. The president's official Twitter account earlier announced that senior members of the government had been in touch already and would meet later in the evening to discuss the incident.
The stabbings took place at Turku's Central Market Square and about two blocks away at the Puutori-Market Square area.
Around 4:40 pm, South-West Finland police said via Twitter: "Several people stabbed in central Turku. People are requested to avoid the city centre."
By the evening police were confident that the centre of Turku was safe for the general public once again.
Eyewitnesses report hearing one or more gunshots, and seeing at least one person lying, apparently lifeless at Puutori. At least two people are reported injured, including at the Market Square, a few blocks away.
An Yle reporter at the scene says that the body on the ground at Puutori had been covered.
1:31 pm: Updated throughout.


Everyone I know is on the Fast Diet, the 5:2, intermittent fasting… call it what you will. I can barely go anywhere without people talking about it.
As they will tell you, you eat anything you want for five days of the week, and diet for two. This means fewer than 500 calories a day (600 for men) for two non-consecutive days a week. It has been billed as the diet that anyone can do. After all, goes the theory, how hard can it be to watch what you eat and drink two days a week when you can eat and drink whatever you like the other five?
Not since the days of Atkins has an “ultimate diet” been taken up by so many people. I know as many men as women who are on it, and all claim to be losing around 2lb a week, giving them a steady weight loss over the months as they adjust to it.
The joy of it is its simplicity. The Atkins Diet, which became popular in the late 1990s, was tricky and no fun. All we did was eat endless protein, which made our breath smell. Robert Atkins, the American physician behind it, had a heart attack in 2002, leading many of his critics to suggest the high levels of saturated fat the diet encourages were to blame.
A decade later, the Dukan became the diet de nos jours. Billed as the weight-loss plan that the French wanted to keep secret, the Dukan was another protein-based regime that encouraged disciples to eat, on alternate days, a few vegetables. That the Duchess of Cambridge’s mother Carole Middleton, with her admirably svelte figure, was said to be a follower only added to its allure. However, last week, Dr Pierre Dukan, the retired nutritionist who devised the regime, was censured by France’s national medical body for failing to observe medical ethics, after he prescribed a woman who wanted to lose weight in the 1970s an amphetamine-derived drug believed to have killed hundreds of people.
Now we have the 5:2. It burst into the national consciousness last year, after the BBC broadcast a Horizon documentary in which
Dr Michael Mosley showed how it not only helped him lose weight – 14lb over several months, and 25 per cent of his body fat – but dramatically lowered his cholesterol, too. Mosley then wrote a book about his findings with the journalist Mimi Spencer, who recently showed off her 5:2-honed body in a national newspaper. Before her Fast Diet, she said, she “didn’t have the confidence” to wear a bikini.
Well, I’m not after a beach-babe body. I just wanted to lose a few pounds, so I went and bought the book anyway. It is comprehensive and inspiring, full of all the reasons why the Fast Diet could work for me, meal plans with fewer than 500 calories a day, and tips on how to handle the dizzy spells from not eating much.
The authors recommend, perhaps sensibly, that a 5:2 adherent should try fasting on the same days each week. They suggest a Monday, after the over-indulgence of the weekend, and a Thursday, before the over-indulgence of the coming one.
Fair enough. I don’t eat much anyway. I rarely eat breakfast, have something simple for lunch and then I eat dinner with my children. Then I snack, and maybe have a glass or two of wine… but I figured I could cut those out with ease. The idea of two days eating very little sounded like a breeze – until I actually went on the diet.
I started on a Monday after a particularly indulgent weekend. All was fine at the beginning. I spent an hour or so re-reading the Fast Diet book at the breakfast table. It all looked good. I salivated at the recipes. I couldn’t wait to make a tuna, bean and garlic salad.
Unfortunately, I then did nothing but fixate on food. The Fast Diet menu planner suggests dividing your fast-day calorific intake over two, rather than three, meals: breakfast (one boiled egg and half a grapefruit) and a light dinner in the evening. I ate my egg without the customary buttered soldiers happily enough – but, unfortunately, the act of having breakfast seemed to kick-start my metabolism. I found I didn’t just want one egg. I wanted two. And who knew there were 155 calories in a boiled egg? By lunchtime, I was uncharacteristically starving.
Cravings came upon me. I wanted cheese, ham, chocolate, an apple, two apples, maybe some cherries, yoghurt and ice cream, more chocolate, an iced bun… Worse, by dinner, I had started to feel faint. I was so hungry, in a rather obsessive way, that I couldn’t think of anything to do but eat my tiny tuna salad and then go to bed, exhausted.
I assumed this was because I’d just started the diet. But instead of striding onwards on fasting days, getting some kind of energy from my denial and a sense of hope that the weight would come off, I became lethargic, negative and fixated on food. All I wanted to do was go to bed, shut my eyes and hope this would make the non-eating hours fly by.
This made everything worse. I started fantasising about all the food I would eat on non-fasting days. I felt pathetic. I found the minuscule amount of food almost insulting. What grown person can get by on that? It was like existing on air.
“It takes a while to get used to,” says Dr Mosley of his diet. “Most people who drop out do so in the first two weeks, but you need to give it time. It’s important to play around with the 5:2 idea and find a pattern that suits you. If you don’t usually eat breakfast, stick with that.”
So I stuck with that for another four weeks, but it didn’t get any better. On fast days, instead of experiencing a primal rush, my energy levels dropped – and dipped lower as the weeks went by. Any weight-loss benefit was counteracted by the fact that on my non-fast days, I ate twice as much as I would normally. I felt like a hamster stuffing food in my cheeks, storing it up for winter. I even ate pizza.
I became bad-tempered. As, like many women, I have a history of erratic eating, my children didn’t seem remotely surprised that I veered from an egg and cucumber for dinner one day to fried bacon sandwiches the next. To them, this seemed relatively normal. However, my being scratchy and exhausted upset them, to the point that they started trying to feed me to prevent my hunger pangs.
“I am sad to hear that,” Dr Mosley tells me. “The body does adjust. Remember, it’s a general guideline: one diet doesn’t fit all, but the general premise of cutting calorie intake to the quarter of what you are used to, on two days a week, does work. It does, however, depend on what your calorie intake was in the first place.”
I’m not the only person to feel this way about the 5:2. I talked to a close friend who admitted she was finding it as hard as I did.
“I can’t bear it,” she said, as we toyed with some lettuce on one of our agreed fast days. “All I want to do is wolf down an avocado and cheese on some sourdough.”
This seems to be a major drawback – that the denying of food leads to an insurmountable, joyless obsession with it.
Another friend told me she found it hard to stick to her designated fast days. “My job changes all the time, and involves a lot of socialising, which means lunches and dinners, and I lose track of the days,” she said. Others admitted to similar feelings of tiredness and exhaustion. One told me she starts her fasting day just after lunch so that she can spend at least half of those 24 hours asleep. “I can’t eat in my sleep,” she said, morosely.
It occurred to me that we have ended up doing precisely what we were supposed to avoid – making dieting difficult.
“No one diet fits every person,” Dr Mosley reminds me. And, he admits, you can cut yourself some slack: “If you’re lacking in energy, eat more than 500 calories. Spend your two days eating just protein and veg, or cut out carbs.”
Mosley also suggests remembering that, on the days you are not subsisting on a boiled egg and a stick of celery, you can eat anything you want – from pizzas through to chocolate waffles. Even better, as the entire planet seems to have embraced it, it is possible to be sociable and diet at the same time. Even restaurants and food chains such as Pizza Express now offer ‘‘Fast’’ meal options for those on low-cal regimes.
So, I am not giving up. I am taking Mosley’s advice and cutting just the carbs and upping the calories and… doing it my way. And hoping it works this time.


text: In the 1970s, the Junior League of Kingston worked on a large and progressive project creating a library at the Ulster County Jail. Members created, organized and ran a library for inmates to use. The Jail Library project was developed by Nancy O’Hara, who remained a Sustaining Member of the Junior League of Kingston until she passed away in 2011. Ms. O’Hara worked tirelessly on the library project as a volunteer for the League. At the time, the League would work on a project for three years to create a foundation for the community organization to take the project and make it their own. After the League turned the project over to the Jail to run independently, Ms. O’Hara sought employment with the Ulster County Sheriff’s Office where she continued her work with the jail library and the inmates it served.

domain: sociology


text:
If you're thinking about moving, the reasons to stay on Long Island have most likely crossed your mind by now.
There are some unique quirks, special places and unforgettable edibles that will give you second thoughts about relocating.
What else should we have on this list? Email your suggestions to email@example.com.
What's better than heading out East and enjoying a glass?
For history buffs, there's no place better than Long Island, especially when you can schedule a trip to Sagamore Hill, the former home of America's 26th president, Theodore Roosevelt. The 23-room Victorian home, which is located in Cove Neck, is also a great place to take kids who want to learn about one of America's most famous presidents.
For those of us who love the winter, what better way is there to celebrate the cold weather than with a trip to the beach? While that might not be the most sound logic, Long Island and polar plunges still go together like peanut butter and jelly.
Long Islanders give back
New Yorkers might have a reputation for being gruff, but when people need help, they're always willing to lend a helping hand. Whether it's a holiday toy drive, turkey donations before Thanksgiving or relief efforts for hurricane victims, Long Islanders display their generosity and community spirit in many unique ways.
Museums for young and old
You can take your children for a day of learning and fun at one of several museums designed specifically for the little ones. The Long Island Children's Museum in Garden City has exhibits like the two-story climbing sculpture, the Bubbles exhibit and the Feasts for Beasts animal learning area, while The Children's Museum in Bridgehampton features a play kitchen as well as a tree-house bedroom.
The Islanders come home
Now that Belmont Park is officially going to be the home of the New York Islanders, Long Island hockey fans will finally have a dedicated spot to see their favorite players without having to travel to Brooklyn.
Celebrity sightings in the Hamptons
Why would you want to leave Long Island when there's a chance you can cross paths with celebrities like Christie Brinkley, Billy Joel and Paul McCartney on the East End? With this much starpower right here at home, there's plenty of reasons to take a day trip to the Hamptons or Greenport this summer.
Stargaze at the Planetarium
On Long Island, you can take a trip to the stars without ever having to leave home thanks to the Vanderbilt Mansion, Museum and Planetarium in Centerport. Whether it's for a class trip or a laser light show, you're sure to have a good time exploring the cosmos from the comfort of your recliner.
Whether you're looking to go for a peaceful jog, take breathtaking photos or just sit and reflect for a while, Argyle Park in Babylon is one of the most relaxing places on Long Island. And if you're a fan of fall foliage, there's no need to travel off Long Island to see some beautiful vistas.
Long Island Live Steamers
Nestled in Brookhaven -- and referred to as one of Long Island's "best-kept secrets" -- Long Island Live Steamers is certainly unique. Visitors can board steam, diesel and electric trains and ride through eight acres of land, all day long. For the ultimate Long Island experience, plan your birthday party here!
Lavender by the Bay
Between the heavenly floral fragrance and fresh honey for sale, you'll never want to leave this East Marion hot spot -- especially during the summer.
The farmstands out east
On a sticky summer day in Suffolk, is there anything sweeter than a slice of pie from Briermere Farm? There are so many farm stands in Riverhead, you can make a whole day out of picking fresh produce and sampling homemade honey and jams.
A-listers often stop by The Paramount, where there's a wide-range of performances. From Billy Joel singing his hits to John Mulaney's sidesplitting stand-up, to the fearless stars of "RuPaul's Drag Race," if you're looking for a night of entertainment, just head to Huntington.
The new coliseum is finally open
After what felt like an eternity, the renovated Nassau Coliseum is finally open for business, and we couldn't be more excited. Now that "the barn" has gotten a face-lift, why would you ever want to leave now?
Cold treats at Ralph's Famous Italian Ices
There are plenty of places to go during the summer for a cold treat, but nothing beats a fresh crème or water ice from Ralph's on a hot summer day. The company may have originated on Staten Island, but with more than 30 locations on Long Island, it's safe to say that Ralph's is a Long island summer staple.
NYCB Theatre at Westbury
The former Westbury Music Fair opened in 1956, and continues to entertain Long Islanders in a way few places can. The eclectic offerings (Kenny Rogers Christmas shows followed by TNA Wrestling and live Theresa Caputo group readings) are legendary, but sometimes you don't even have to go to the show to make memories. If you've picked up a gleaming mother-in-law in the parking lot following a Julio Iglesias show, you can attest.
Enjoy all four seasons
Long Island is the perfect place for anyone who likes to enjoy each of the four seasons. Mild spring temperatures and warm summers make for great barbecue weather, while crisp fall afternoons and chilly winter evenings are great excuses for piping hot drinks around the fireplace with friends and family.
Shop 'til you drop
For Long Islanders, shopping until you drop isn't just a funny saying -- it's a way of life. With the abundance of outlet malls, upscale shopping centers and a smattering of great mom-and-pop shops, there's no place better for those looking to scratch their bargain-hunting itch.
South Shore on the water
Anyone living on the South Shore knows that Long Island is a perfect place for boating enthusiasts to get out on the water on a gorgeous summer day. Whether it's for fishing, tanning, or just cruising, Long Island can't be beat for boating enthusiasts.
Long Island pizza
New Yorkers are famously picky when it comes to choosing their favorite pizza, and thankfully Long Island has more than its fair share of delicious pizzerias vying for slice supremacy. Although the debate may never truly end when it comes to choosing the all-time greatest pie, it sure is fun to try as many as you possibly can.
Freshly caught seafood
Seafood lovers have plenty of reason to love Long Island, with our abundance of locally-sourced fish, clams and oysters. For a true east-end experience, check out Claudio's, a series of family-owned seafood restaurant that has been serving up delicious Long Island seafood and local produce since 1870.
Patchogue's art and music scene
In the past several years, Patchogue Village has become a premier destination for art lovers, cinephiles and live music venues. Catch an original play at the Patchogue Theater, enjoy artwork from local artists at the Patchogue Arts Council's gallery on Terry Street, and even enjoy an independent or foreign film in the intimate Plaza Cinema & Media Arts Center. If music is more your style, enjoy some live music at The Emporium or 89 North, and grab a locally crafted beer at one of the many restaurants and pubs on Main Street.
Quaint main streets
Long Island may be known for its abundance of shopping malls, but our traditional main streets are the real star of the local shopping scene. Whether you're out east in Riverhead or looking to browse some mom and pop stores in Sayville, Northport, Patchogue Village or Huntington, there's no better place to enjoy locally-sourced food and support small business owners.
The Cradle of Aviation
Take a trip back to the golden age of flight by visiting the Cradle of Aviation Museum in Garden City, an interactive museum where families can learn about Long Island's impact on the history of aeronautics, including the crucial role that we played in supplying planes during WWII and in getting a man on the moon.
Intimate dining experiences
Looking for a quaint meal with friends? Look no further than The Witches Brew in West Hempstead or Robinson's Tea Room in Stony Brook Village, where you can enjoy a hot beverage and refreshments in a unique atmosphere. While The Witches Brew is more accustomed to the macabre, Robinson's Tea Room is sure to satisfy anyone craving a traditional English High Tea experience.
Another Hofstra debate?
Hofstra University hosted a presidential debate for the third consecutive cycle in 2016 after an Ohio college bowed out. The Hempstead school picked up the ball, ran with it admirably and seemed ready and willing to take a debate slot whenever it's available. If you're a politically inclined LI high schooler thinking about leaving the Island for college, Hofstra's emergence as a fixture just might make you rethink your decision.
You can easily have a day of unforgettable fun in Port Jefferson without breaking the bank. Tour the Port Jeff Brewing Co., catch a show at Theater Three, grab a bite (eateries with juicy burgers, savory Mexican cuisine, and rich BBQ bites line the streets) and finally, view a gorgeous sunset on the water. With everything in walking distance, this town truly has it all.
Professional theater without the expenses
Professional actors and directors constantly showcase their talent in venues on Long Island, and tickets are far from Manhattan prices. This summer, Gateway Performing Arts Center in Bellport put on productions of "Priscilla Queen of the Desert" starring Tony Award-winning actor Jarrod Emick and "Anything Goes" featuring Sally Struthers.
Long Island Iced Tea
Long Island Iced Tea just won't taste the same anywhere else.
Hero vs. Hoagie
On that note, you'll have to adjust your vocabulary. What would you call this sandwich: a hero or a hoagie? Terms like "cross-island" and "schlep" may be eliminated as well, depending on where you travel.
There aren't many other places you can watch pro sports for a $5 admission fee -- and bring in your own beer!
Bagels from Long Island
You won't be able to get these anywhere else -- they just don't have the water.
Think about the number of chances you have to see a Baldwin brother in the Hamptons, the most luxurious part of Long Island.
Laser Kingdom and Wood Kingdom
Growing up on Long Island, you'll know that only the cool kids had their birthday parties at Laser Kingdom or Wood Kingdom. Side by side in Farmingdale, these hot spots host rounds of laser tag and house huge playgrounds, respectively. There are even locations in Coram.
Small Long Island theme parks
Somehow the smaller-scale theme parks like Farmingdale's Adventureland and Calverton's Splish Splash are twice the fun. And if you do move away, tell your new friends that they haven't lived until they've conquered Splish Splash's enormous water slide, Cliff Diver--and celebrated with Dippin' Dots afterwards.
Whether it's Fire Island, Shelter Island, Port Jefferson or Orient Point, Long Island ferry rides are a rite of passage.
Riverhead is a Long Island gem. In this town, the kids can explore ocean life at the Long Island Aquarium and Exhibition Center, while mom can indulge in the assorted vintages of Martha Clara Vineyards. Win-win.
Want to take a three-day weekend and just visit lighthouses? Head east to Montauk Point, circle back and take the ferry for Fire Island's version (shown here), make your way to the North Shore for Port Washington, hit Huntington Harbor... then ask your boss for some more time off, because you're not nearly done yet!
Upon moving somewhere else, only you will remember the rambunctious hockey games at Nassau Coliseum, or when Sayville native Tom Westman fought against the odds to win "Survivor." What fun is that?
The hometown names
Bustling Patchogue, friendly Comsewogue, and hard-to-beat Hauppauge -- do you really want to live somewhere with people who may scoff at and mispronounce the name of your hometown?
The Big Duck
The iconic Big Duck in Flanders has wowed visitors since 1931. Come on -- where else in the world can you "flock" to see a bird this big?
Speaking of ducks: How can you leave the beloved Long Island Ducks baseball mascot, Quacker Jack? He'll be so sad...
So close to NYC
Long Island is the ideal proximity from the city: far from it, but just a train trip away. Commuters tend to forget that this is actually a perk.
On Long Island, you have just the right kind of beach choices. Have a jam-packed day of cold drinks and live music at Jones Beach, or opt for a serene, carefree vibe at Robert Moses Beach.
Think of all the national chain restaurants that have never been able to take hold here. Long Island's mom-and-pop eateries have helped keep the eating scene fairly local -- and delicious!
Once you go someplace where people don't share your accent, things get complicated. It'll start the first time you say "lawn-guy-land." You may even be compared to our favorite medium, Theresa Caputo.
And if there's no other reason, we'll leave you with this: if you try to leave, it could take a while. You'll likely get stuck in bumper-to-bumper traffic no matter what route you take. Might as well enjoy!

domain: geography


text:
[PHOTOBOOK] MAN RAY. Photographs by Man Ray, Paris, 1920-1934.
. Hartford, Conn.: James Thrall Soby, (1934). "Second edition," identical to the first except for the addition of an extra preliminary leaf, see below. Publisher's plastic spiral binding and thick card covers illustrated with a color photograph by Man Ray. 12 1/4 x 9 1/4 inches (31 x 24 cm). , 104 pp., of plates plus colophon. Complete with all halftone illustrations. Missing one ring of the spiral plastic binding, light wear, but overall a very attractive copy.
According to 101 Books pp. 80-81, the publisher "attempted to generate demand where none existed by suggesting the edition had sold out," hence the "second edition" statement. The work has a portrait by Picasso and text by Andre Breton, Paul Elouard, Rose Selavy & Tristan Tzara. 101 Books pp. 80-81; Roth 80.
C Estates of M. Michael Eisenberg and Barbara Yetka-Eisenberg
Additional Notes & Condition Report
No condition report? Click here to request one.


text:
There are plenty of reasons to forgo marriage, and living your dream life is just one of them. There are so many places to go, people to meet and things to do in life, and saying “I do” can bring it all to a grinding halt. Why should I waste the best years of my life?
- Marriage doesn’t always last forever. It sucks to admit, but it’s true. Getting married doesn’t guarantee that you’re going to be with your partner for the rest of your life. In fact, divorce rates are rising in pretty much every country, and more and more people are realizing that marriage doesn’t have to be the goal of life anymore. There’s no use investing years in a marriage that might end in divorce anyway. If we only get one chance at bringing our dreams to life, there’s no way I’m going to be wasting it on a romantic relationship.
- I don’t want to be tied down to anyone. Marriage means that I’m going to have to consult with my spouse about anything I want to do. I won’t be able to hop on a plane and enjoy a random vacation. If I got married, I’d have to bring my spouse along or plan the vacation carefully instead of just following my whims. Honestly, that’s not how I want to live my life. I want to be able to do what I want without waiting for approval from someone else.
- There are so many different people in the world to love. How could I ever know that the person I marry would be the person I’d love for the rest of my life? That seems like a pretty big assumption to make. I don’t know who I’m going to meet down the road. If I’m going to be living my dream life, I need to be able to love all of the people in my life that I’m meant to love. Marriage will only complicate that.
- Pursuing a career is just as exciting as marriage. People usually get criticized for putting their careers before romantic relationships. Why is that? After all, if I only get one chance to live my life the way I want it, then I want to make sure I achieve all of my dreams. This includes my dreams of having the best career possible. If it makes me happy and I’m not hurting anyone, then I’m going to do it.
- Friendships are just as important as romantic relationships. How many times has someone you known gotten married and then completely lost touch with all of their friends? It sucks and it’s one of the reasons marriage isn’t conducive to living my dream life. Some of the greatest times in my life have been when I’m surrounded by friends. Trading in my friends for marriage isn’t something I’m particularly keen on doing. If I want to live my dream life, I want to do it with my friends by my side.
- Children don’t fit into my dream life either. That’s not to say I don’t like children, I just don’t want any kids of my own. I don’t want to get married and then have the whole thing fall apart when the topic of children comes up. I’m perfectly content being the babysitter for my friends’ and family members’ children. I have too many plans for my life, and being a mom would just get in the way.
- Weddings are an expensive party for just one single day. Sure, you can always get married in a courthouse with a judge and a few witnesses, but who really does that? Weddings are way too expensive, especially considering that they literally only last a few hours on a single day. If it’s supposed to be the most magical day of my life, why does it cost so damn much? I know it seems silly, but it’s just one of the reasons that make me convinced that marriage isn’t for me.
- In the end, marriage is kind of just about tax breaks. For most people, marriage is seen as the ultimate sign of a person’s love. But when you break it down, the only thing you get out of marriage is some breaks on your taxes. Why would I want to tie myself and someone else down for life for something so insignificant? It seems kind of silly when you think about it like that.
- I can show someone I love them without marrying them. If I really wanted to spend my life with just one person, I wouldn’t need marriage to do it. If I fall in love with someone, I would want them to stay with me because they want to, not because we got married. That’s living my dream life: loving someone with the ebb and flow that life naturally has. There’s no need to waste the one life that I have on marriage when I’m just fine without it.


text:
Links with Zig Zags, fast slippery down hill with roots, after initially passing a boggy section.
Local Trail Association
More Stats for Zig mountain bike trail
Altitude change-151 ft
Altitude min509 ft
Altitude start660 ft
Altitude end509 ft
Distance climb125 ft
Distance down1,031 ft
Distance flat30 ft
- view trail stats
This trail is missing GPS data, you can help by uploading a GPS track of Zig here.
Zig Trail Reports
Trail reports are used to indicate a trails current condition and inform builders and other riders about any issues on a trail.
Reviews / Comments
No reviews yet, be the first to write a review or ask a question.
Use trail reports to comment on trail conditions.

domain: hobby


text:
The history of medicine began when primitive peoples learned to use plants and herbs to cure their illnesses. There are 25,000 year old drawings in the Lascaux caves in France showing plants being used for healing. These drawings are the earliest evidence of plant medicinal use.
Medicine in Ancient Egypt
The oldest known Egyptian remedies go back to 3000 BC. As far back as 2750 BC the Egyptians had performed rudimentary forms of surgery. The Edwin Smith papyrus states the Egyptians dealt with illnesses by examination and doing prognosis. It should be noted though that the Edwin Smith papyrus is just one kind. Other papyri showed the Egyptians relying on magic to ward off diseases.
Greek and Roman Medicine
The history of medicine in Greece was quite advanced. Hippocrates has been termed the father of modern medicine. Hippocrates and his corpus were the ones who first recognized the importance of finger clubbing in detecting lung ailments.
Hippocrates also classified illnesses as either chronic, endemic etc. He is also the first doctor to perform chest surgery. But he is probably best known for the Hippocratic Oath, which is still taken by doctors today.
The Romans were noted for their surgical instruments. They were the ones who made use of scalpels, surgical needles and specula. They were also instrumental in developing cataract operations.
Medicine in the Medieval Age
A study of the history of medicine shows that it suffered a decline during ths period. The fall of Rome was followed by economic collapse. Except for a few monasteries, medical knowledge were limited to the few.
People relied on superstition and folklore to get rid of ailments. It was only during the Renaissance that interest in medicine was reignited.
It began with the works of Vesalius, one of the pioneers in anatomical research. Other researchers like Michael Servetus, Thomas Brown and Garcia de Orta began conducting medical examinations and challenging superstitious beliefs.
One of the biggest breakthroughs in medicine was the discovery of the existence of bacteria. They were observed by Antonie van Leeuiwenhoek in 1676 using a microscope.
The 1800s were pivotal in the history of medicine. In 1865 Joseph Lister established the importance of antiseptics. Gregor Mendel (1822-84) set down Mendel’s laws, which would become the basis for genetics.
The works of Louis Pasteur and Charles Bernard proved theories about germs. World War I led to the development of the X-ray and the ECG. The period between the wars saw the development of antibiotics.
World War II saw antibiotics and penicillin mass produced for the first time. In 1953 the DNA was discovered by Crick and Watson and this led to advancements in genetic research.
The discoveries in stem cell research have also been instrumental in treating a variety of life threatening illnesses including cancer. Medicines for ailments like heart attacks and kidney disease have become more sophisticated.
The history of medicine continues to change. Genetics, cloning and the Human Genome Project hold a lot of promise and could lead to the eradication of other illnesses in the future.

domain: history


text:
Sexuality and Reproductive Issues (PDQ®): Supportive care - Health Professional Information [NCI] - Treatment of Sexual Problems in People With Cancer
Therapies such as penile injections, vacuum devices, or intraurethral medication have extremely high dropout rates, and of men who seek help at clinics for erectile dysfunction, only about one-third feel long-term satisfaction, despite trying a mean of two different treatment modalities.[29,30,31][Level of evidence: II] For men who have a suboptimal response to oral therapies after radical retropubic prostatectomy, the use of combined intracorporal injection (ICI) and a PDE-5 inhibitor has been shown to improve erectile function. One retrospective study found that among men who experienced erectile dysfunction after nerve-sparing retropubic prostatectomy, 68% who combined ICI with either sildenafil or vardenafil reported improved erectile function. On follow-up, 36% of these patients used ICI therapy only intermittently, as they reportedly felt that this was adequate for good results.[Level of evidence: III]
Rates of long-term satisfaction are superior for penile prosthesis surgery,[34,35,36] but with less invasive and permanent treatments available, fewer men choose this treatment modality, particularly after undergoing intensive cancer therapy. The role of the man's partner in prompting him to try a treatment or to keep on using it is also poorly understood. When erectile functioning is impaired, counseling should initially focus on obtaining sexual pleasure and satisfaction without erections or intercourse. For men with postsurgical erectile dysfunction, there is the possibility for improved function over time as nerves may potentially regenerate for up to 2.5 years after surgery. Providers should educate patients that opting to use no medical intervention to restore erections is also a valid choice. Comprehensive reviews of the current management of erectile dysfunction are available.[38,39,40,41,42] Also, several authors [39,43,44] provide further discussion on the management of inhibited sexual desire and other male sexual dysfunctions.
When women experience changes in arousal, most notably vaginal dryness and irritation, vaginal moisturizers (e.g., Replens) and water-based lubricants (e.g., Astroglide and K-Y Liquid) should be suggested, especially in women who cannot use estrogen replacement. The approval of the estradiol-releasing vaginal ring (Estring), containing a slow-release preparation, 2 mg of micronized 17-beta-estradiol, may also provide a less risky alternative to systemic estrogen replacement for women with postmenopausal vaginal atrophy.[Level of evidence: I] Estring has demonstrated a decreased recurrence of urinary tract infections in postmenopausal women and a significant maturing effect on vaginal and urethral mucosal cells, decreasing the urogenital symptoms of postmenopausal women.[Level of evidence: I] Another alternative to local estrogen replacement is the first-available 25-μg 17-beta-estradiol vaginal tablet (Vagifem). A study comparing Vagifem tablets with 1.25-mg conjugated equine estrogen vaginal cream (Premarin) found both to be equivalent in relieving symptoms of atrophic vaginitis, with patients who received Vagifem experiencing less endometrial proliferation or hyperplasia. This study also found that women rated vaginal tablets more favorably than vaginal cream.[Level of evidence: I] The long-term safety of the use of vaginal estrogens by women who should avoid estrogens has not been determined.

domain: medical


Alaska’s former public safety commissioner Walt Monegan, whose firing by Governor Sarah Palin lead to the Troopergate ethic investigation, is requesting a hearing by the Alaska Personnel Board in a effort to clear his name. The Anchorage Daily News reports that Monegan on Monday, October 13, 2008 filed the hearing request through his attorney. Walt Monegan seeks to clear his reputation from allegations by Gov. Palin and her various spokespersons that he was a “rogue” and “insubordinate” fired because of a demonstrated “rogue mentality.”
Gov. Sarah Palin’s former public safety commissioner says the governor smeared him and he wants a hearing to clear his name.
Walt Monegan on Monday asked the state personnel board to allow him a chance to disprove the vice presidential nominee’s assertion he was a “rogue” and insubordinate commissioner. The board is investigating Palin’s July dismissal of Monegan.
“Governor Palin’s public statements accusing Mr. Monegan of serious misconduct were untrue and they have stigmatized his good name, severely damaged — and continue to damage — his reputation, and impaired his ability to pursue future professional employment in law enforcement and related fields,” said the hearing request filed by Monegan’s lawyer, Jeff Feldman.
Palin’s lawyer, Thomas Van Flein, said the governor didn’t defame Monegan.
“We welcome the opportunity to put on all of our evidence regarding Mr. Monegan’s performance,” he said. “Whether the personnel board will, or can, allow this, remains unknown.”
Monegan wants the board to hold a hearing and issue public findings on whether he demonstrated a “rogue mentality” and engaged in insubordination. If the board doesn’t grant the hearing, Monegan indicated he might take the matter to court.
The Legislature on Friday completed its investigation of Palin’s removal of Monegan and whether the governor improperly pressured the public safety department to fire a state trooper who was divorced from her sister. The investigator hired by the Legislative Council, Steve Branchflower, found Palin abused her power by allowing pressure on the department and that Monegan’s refusal to dump Wooten was likely a contributing factor, but not the only reason, she fired him.
Palin has the right to fire commissioners as she sees fit. Monegan said he accepts that but not false attacks made on him to justify the move to the public.
“The evidence, combined with the governor’s changing, inconsistent and implausible explanations, strongly establishes that Mr. Monegan was terminated because he refused to fire Wooten, not because of any supposed failing in his performance as a commissioner,” according to Monegan’s hearing request.
Palin at first would say only that she removed Monegan because she wanted the department to go in a “new direction.” But then, as the controversy grew, she gave other reasons, including budget conflicts with Monegan and his planning of an unauthorized trip to Washington D.C. to lobby for federal money.
Monegan said the governor never complained about his job performance. His filing with the personnel board includes documents backing up his arguments — that he was cooperating on the budget and that the trip to pursue funding to fight sexual assault was in close coordination with the governor’s office. He said much of that information was not included in Branchflower’s report.
Palin’s lawyer, Van Flein, said the governor’s aides have documented their serious problems with Monegan. Even Branchflower concluded Palin had reasons unrelated to Wooten for dismissing Monegan, Van Flein said in an email.
Van Flein said Palin released the reasons behind the commissioner’s removal only when Monegan made “incorrect claims” it was related to Wooten. He said Palin’s first explanation of a “new direction” was a polite euphemism to indicate change without airing all the details.
“Rather than take the cue, Monegan chose to air this laundry in public,” Van Flein said.


text:
Pacific Hotel Austin Opens Cambria Hotel Austin Downtown in Texas
Pacific Hotel Austin LLC announced the opening of Cambria Hotel Austin Downtown, a new downtown upscale hotel at 68 East Avenue adjacent to the Rainey Street Historic District. Pacific Hotel Austin developed and owns the property, which is managed by Azul Hospitality Group. The hotel is now accepting reservations and will open its doors to the public on October 19.
"Developing this project in Austin is nostalgic and emotionally satisfying for us," said Pacific Hotel Austin Principal Andrew Wood, who co-owns the Cambria with his brother, David, who is also a Pacific Hotel Austin principal. "We attended The University of Texas for four years. As members of the UT rowing team, we practiced on Lady Bird Lake twice daily for four years. We grew to love this city, and that's what drove us to develop here; it feels like home."
"Austin has always been an early trendsetter and adaptor of innovation," said Pacific Hotel Austin Co-Principal David S. Wood. "New brands and venues thrive here; in fact, few cities have so many homegrown businesses. Think Whole Foods Market, Dell Computers, Thundercloud Subs, Chuys, Kendra Scott Jewelry, Yeti, Vrbo, Tito's, Torchy's and Amy's Ice Cream, just to name a few. Electric pickup trucks made in Austin are going to disrupt 100 years of Ford, GMC and Dodge dominance. But despite the city's phenomenal growth and change, it still retains its unique vibe and charm."
The two brothers have long set their sights on developing in Austin because of their ties to the city and its growing attraction to businesses and families alike. When they purchased the Cambria property more than six years ago, they knew they had a compelling location with exceptional visibility and access, walkability to all the downtown demand generators and a location in the heart of the strongest hotel submarket in Austin.
In fact, Andrew pointed out, the luxury travel lifestyle platform Jetsetter has called Rainey one of "America's Coolest Streets," rivaling Bourbon Street with its funky "century-old bungalows-turned-bars," collection of eclectic restaurants serving inspired locavore cuisine and unique brand of relaxed entertainment. Just one block away from Rainey Street and fronting IH-35, the Cambria's guests will have a front row seat to all that the Rainey District has to offer. Notably, Cambria boasts the only rooftop, hotel pool deck and fitness facility directly overlooking Rainey Street.
The 16-story, 223,975 square foot Cambria Hotel Austin Downtown's Austin-centric design incorporates natural limestone, artwork by local artisans and other Austin-influenced design elements throughout its public and private spaces. The style is organic, trendy and upscale, featuring custom lighting, custom beadwork and a state-of-the-art sound system. The Cambria's incomparable location encourages guests to immerse themselves in the historic ambience and live attractions of the hottest entertainment district in Austin, the undisputed Live Music Capital of the World.
The Cambria offers 212 guest rooms, ranging from queen and king studios to king suites with separate living spaces to fully accessible rooms with roll-in showers. Seasonal room rates range from $200 to $400. The hotel has seven conference rooms of varying capacity totaling more than 8,300 square feet of space, valet parking, a 24-hour marketplace, and a fifth-floor resort-style pool, featuring an expansive pool deck with a fireplace and cabanas with food and drink service available poolside. Guests will enjoy sweeping panoramas of downtown, Lady Bird Lake, the Hill Country, Rainey Street and East Austin from their room. The pool deck area can be rented for private events.
Cambria's 1,616 square foot fitness center features Peloton and Life Fitness equipment, including treadmills; ellipticals; equipment for chest presses, shoulder presses and seated leg curls; multi-use equipment; and weight benches, medicine balls and free weights.
"We specialize in catering to the needs of the modern mid-level business traveler, showering them with little indulgences that relax, fulfill and make coming back to the Cambria after a rigorous business day a welcome reward," said Cambria Hotel Austin Downtown General Manager Marc Grotelueschen. "Azul Hospitality Group is known for designing destinations defined by individuality and soul, and operating them with guest services at the fore of their priorities. The Cambria Austin Downtown fits that profile perfectly."
Cambria Hotel Austin Downtown's premier location provides excellent access to major thoroughfares and walkability to Rainey Street's mix of restaurants and bars, letting guests experience the many moods and tastes of the city's urban core. It is blocks from the Austin Convention Center and less than a mile from the downtown business district, the Texas Capitol Building and the Lady Bird Lake Hike-and-Bike Trail; minutes away from The University of Texas and Darrell K. Royal Texas Memorial Stadium, home of the UT Longhorns; and a short drive from the 358-acre Zilker Park and one of Austin's crown jewels — the three-acre Barton Springs Pool.
Cambria Hotel Austin Downtown is a part of Choice Hotels International (CHI), one of the largest hotel franchisors in North America, but David's and Andrew's vision for Cambria extends beyond CHI's stellar reputation. Their goal is to impress guests so much they'll want to come back again and again. They will accomplish this through matchless design, amenities, location, food and beverage, excellent service and access to Austin's most inviting entertainment venues. While Cambria is designed to appeal to business travelers, its restaurant and lounge offerings will draw local foodies, international travelers and downtown condominium and apartment dwellers in search of live music in an upscale environment, complemented by signature dishes and cocktails with stunning views.
Graffiti, Cambria's signature restaurant and bar on the fifth-floor lobby level, serves up unmatched culinary experiences through imaginative, beverage-forward menus. The menus represent a range of light to hearty classic American fare for breakfast and dinner, all bursting with fresh flavors, including some adventurous takes on old favorites and others that are Cambria originals. With seating to accommodate 100, Graffiti is open seven days a week, serving breakfast from 6 AM to 11 AM and dinner from 5 PM to midnight subject to change. Hotel guests may place orders from their rooms.
Limestone Rooftop, perched atop Cambria Hotel Austin Downtown is an inspiring rooftop destination that provides a relaxing respite for guests to kick back and take in a sunset as they sip signature cocktails and craft beers made with Texas local spirits, and savor Mediterranean-influenced/global fare incorporating locally sourced produce. Limestone's décor is enhanced with touches of burnt orange as a tip of the hat to its owners' alma mater.
"What sets us apart will be a next-level dining experience; organic, inspired design throughout the facility; a unique, inviting atmosphere; live local music; and superlative service," said Andrew. "Guests will be enchanted by the fresh, innovative approach we take to every dish we serve."
David and Andrew Wood have over 55 years of combined experience in real estate, finance, development and management encompassing the entire development cycle. Together, the two brothers have underwritten, developed and built more than 5,500 hospitality, residential and multifamily units representing more than $1.59 billion in investment. Much of David's focus has been on nonprofit affordable housing development. Since 2004, he has been chairman of the board of Jamboree Housing Corporation, one of the largest private nonprofit housing and services firms in California.
Rogers-O'Brien Construction, Texas' premier builder with over 50 years of experience, was the construction partner in the development of Cambria Hotel Austin Downtown.
"Our goal with Cambria Hotel Austin Downtown is to become a ‘must-stay' hotel for visitors and a ‘must-do' destination for Austinites," said David. "We are targeting people who are looking for captivating design, character, sincerely personal service and a vibrant social scene. People who feel their hotel choice directly reflects who they are, who crave the real deal — something that feels honest and genuine and draws them into the larger community."

domain: travel


text:
Are you tired of seeing your lawn turn brown and wither away in the scorching heat? Do you want to have a lush and vibrant lawn even in the hottest temperatures? It’s time to discover the best grass for sun and high temperatures!
Choosing the right grass for your lawn is crucial, especially when it comes to hot weather. Not all grasses are created equal, and some are better suited for the heat than others.
In this article, you’ll learn about the four best grasses for hot weather: Bermuda Grass, Zoysia Grass, St. Augustine Grass, and Centipede Grass. You’ll also find tips on planting and caring for hot weather grass, as well as other considerations to keep in mind.
With the right grass and proper care, you can have a green and healthy lawn that withstands the heat. So, let’s dive in and discover the best grass for your lawn!
The Importance of Choosing the Right Grass
You want to make sure you’re choosing the right type of grass to ensure a healthy and lush lawn in even the hottest of conditions. It’s important to consider the soil quality of your lawn, as well as proper mowing techniques, in order to keep your grass healthy and strong.
Choosing the wrong type of grass can lead to a lack of resistance to high temperatures, resulting in a dull and patchy lawn. One type of grass that’s perfect for surviving the heat is Bermuda grass.
So, if you want to keep your lawn looking green and vibrant all summer long, it’s time to consider switching to Bermuda grass.
Bask in the beauty of Bermuda, the brawny and brilliant blade for your backyard! Bermuda grass is the perfect choice for homeowners who want a low-maintenance, versatile, and resilient grass that can survive extreme heat and drought.
This type of grass has many advantages, such as its fast growth, excellent heat tolerance, and ability to repair itself quickly. Additionally, Bermuda grass is resistant to pests and diseases, making it a great option for those who want to avoid using pesticides.
There are also a few disadvantages of Bermuda grass that you should be aware of. For instance, it can be invasive and difficult to control, so you have to be careful when planting it near flower beds or other delicate areas. Moreover, Bermuda grass requires regular mowing and watering, which can be time-consuming and costly.
Nonetheless, if you’re looking for a durable and hardy grass that can withstand high temperatures and harsh conditions, Bermuda grass is definitely worth considering.
With that said, let’s take a look at another popular grass variety, zoysia grass, and see how it compares to Bermuda grass.
Let’s explore how Zoysia grass stacks up against Bermuda grass as a low-maintenance, pest-resistant option for your lawn.
Zoysia grass is a warm-season grass that’s known for its ability to withstand high temperatures, drought, and foot traffic.
There are several varieties of Zoysia grass, each with its own unique characteristics. For example, the Emerald Zoysia is a fine-bladed grass that has a dark green color and requires less water than other varieties. The Meyer Zoysia, on the other hand, is a coarser grass that’s more tolerant of shade and cold temperatures.
In terms of maintenance, Zoysia grass requires less mowing and fertilizing than Bermuda grass, making it a more low-maintenance option for homeowners. However, it does require occasional dethatching and aerating to ensure proper growth.
With its pest resistance and resilience in high temperatures, Zoysia grass is a great option for those looking for a lush, green lawn without the hassle.
Now, let’s move on to discussing St. Augustine grass.
St. Augustine Grass
The St. Augustine grass is a popular warm-season grass with unique characteristics that make it desirable for homeowners. Its excellent drought and shade tolerance make it a go-to choice for those living in hot, sunny areas. St. Augustine grass can thrive in areas with up to 70% shade, making it perfect for those with plenty of trees or buildings on their property.
Unlike other grass types, St. Augustine grass can withstand drought, making it an excellent choice for those living in areas with water restrictions. However, it requires consistent watering during the growing season, so it may not be the best option for those seeking a low-maintenance lawn.
As we move on to the next section about centipede grass, it’s important to keep in mind the unique characteristics that make each grass type a suitable choice for different environments.
If you’re looking for a low-maintenance, low-fertility grass that can grow in acidic soil, centipede grass may be the perfect option for you.
Here are three benefits of centipede grass that make it stand out from other grass types:
1) It requires less watering than other grasses, making it a great option for dry climates.
2) It has a slower growth rate, which means less mowing and maintenance.
3) It can tolerate high temperatures and harsh sunlight, making it an excellent choice for hot climates.
When it comes to maintenance, centipede grass doesn’t require much fertilizer or pesticides. However, it does need regular mowing and weed control to keep it looking its best.
Overall, centipede grass is a great option for those who want a low-maintenance lawn that can withstand the heat.
As we move on to the next section about bahia grass, keep in mind the benefits of centipede grass and how it may fit your needs.
Now that you know about centipede grass, it’s time to introduce you to another amazing option for surviving the heat: Bahia grass. This grass is perfect for hot and dry climates, as it’s extremely tolerant to high temperatures and drought conditions.
Not only that, but Bahia grass also has numerous benefits. Its ability to resist pests and diseases, its low maintenance requirements, and its deep root system all help to prevent soil erosion. If you’re looking for a grass that can withstand the heat without requiring too much effort on your part, Bahia grass is definitely worth considering.
But before we move on to the next topic, let’s take a closer look at the maintenance of Bahia grass and how it can benefit your lawn.
Now, let’s talk about Kentucky bluegrass.
As you explore Kentucky bluegrass, you’ll find yourself immersed in the lush and inviting world of this resilient and versatile lawn option. This grass is known for its shade tolerance and low maintenance requirements, making it a perfect choice for those looking for a low-effort yet lovely-looking lawn.
Here are a few things you should know about Kentucky bluegrass:
1) It has a deep root system, which means it can withstand drought conditions and remain green even in high temperatures.
2) It’s a slow-growing grass, which means it needs less mowing and trimming.
3) It has a beautiful blue-green color that stays vibrant all year long.
4) It’s resistant to disease and pests, so you don’t have to worry about spending too much time and money on maintenance.
Now that you know the benefits of Kentucky bluegrass, it’s time to understand the challenges of planting and caring for hot weather grass.
Understanding the Challenges of Planting and Caring for Hot Weather Grass
You’ll love learning about how to plant and care for hot weather grass with these helpful tips and insights. Planting and caring for hot weather grass can be challenging, but with the right techniques, you can create a beautiful and thriving lawn.
One common mistake people make is not preparing the soil properly before planting. Make sure to loosen the soil and add compost or fertilizer to provide the grass with the necessary nutrients.
Another mistake is overwatering, which can lead to root rot and other issues. It’s important to water deeply but infrequently to encourage deep root growth. To help you better understand the challenges, here’s a table outlining the basics of planting and caring for hot weather grass:
|Planting Techniques||Common Mistakes||Tips for Success|
|Prepare soil with compost or fertilizer||Overwatering||Water deeply but infrequently|
|Choose the right type of grass for your climate||Planting too deep||Plant at the right depth|
|Keep the soil moist during germination||Not mowing regularly||Mow regularly but not too short|
|Fertilize regularly||Neglecting to aerate||Aerate to promote healthy root growth|
|Control weeds and pests||Ignoring signs of stress||Address issues promptly|
With these tips and insights, you’ll be better equipped to plant and care for hot weather grass. Up next, we’ll dive into some specific tips for success.
Tips for Planting and Caring for Hot Weather Grass
When planting and caring for hot weather grass, it’s important to choose the right time of year to ensure successful growth.
You should also focus on preparing the soil properly before planting, which will provide a solid foundation for the grass to flourish.
Additionally, proper irrigation is crucial to ensure the grass receives enough water to withstand the heat.
Choosing the Right Time of Year
Picking the appropriate season is crucial when selecting the perfect type of grass for your lawn.
To ensure that your grass thrives in high temperatures, it’s best to plant during the warmest months of the year. This means planting during late spring or early summer when the soil has warmed up enough for your grass to take root.
When planting, make sure to use the best planting techniques to ensure that your grass will establish itself quickly. Avoid common mistakes such as planting too deep or too shallow, as this can damage the roots and prevent growth.
After planting, it’s important to care for your grass by watering it regularly and ensuring that it receives enough sunlight. With these tips in mind, you can prepare your lawn for the heat and enjoy a lush and vibrant yard.
As you move forward, the next step is to prepare your soil to ensure that it provides the optimal environment for your grass to grow.
Now that you’ve chosen the perfect time to plant your lawn, it’s time to get your hands dirty and prepare the soil for optimal growth.
The first step in soil preparation is understanding the types of soil you have in your yard. Sandy soil drains quickly and can benefit from added organic matter, while clay soil holds onto moisture and needs amendments to improve drainage.
Adding soil amendments, such as compost, manure, or peat moss, can help improve soil structure and provide essential nutrients for your grass. Incorporating these amendments into the soil before planting will give your lawn a healthy foundation and increase its chances of survival during hot and dry conditions.
As you prepare your soil, keep in mind the next step: irrigation.
You’ll want to ensure consistent moisture for your new lawn, which is why proper irrigation is key to achieving a lush and healthy yard. To maximize efficiency, consider implementing water-saving irrigation techniques such as drip irrigation or smart sprinkler systems that use weather data to adjust watering schedules.
Additionally, choosing a drought-tolerant grass variety can greatly reduce the amount of water needed to maintain a healthy lawn. Some popular options include Bermuda grass, Zoysia grass, and Buffalo grass.
When setting up your irrigation system, make sure to properly calibrate sprinkler heads and avoid watering during peak sun hours to prevent excessive evaporation. By utilizing these techniques and selecting the right grass variety, you can create a beautiful, low-maintenance lawn that thrives in the heat.
Other considerations to keep in mind include mowing height and frequency, fertilization, and pest control strategies.
When it comes to making your yard the envy of the neighborhood, there are a few other things to keep in mind besides just choosing the right type of grass.
Consider how much watering your grass will need and how often you will need to water it. Some types of grass require more frequent watering than others, so make sure you choose a grass that fits your lifestyle and watering habits.
Also, consider the shade tolerance of your grass. If you have trees or other structures that provide shade, you may need a grass that can tolerate lower levels of sunlight.
Additionally, keep in mind any other factors that may affect the health of your lawn, such as soil pH, fertilization, and pest control.
By taking all of these factors into consideration, you can ensure that your grass stays healthy and vibrant throughout even the hottest summer months.
The Benefits of a Healthy, Vibrant Lawn
Maintaining a lush, green lawn not only enhances the curb appeal of your home but also provides a welcoming and relaxing atmosphere for you and your loved ones to enjoy. The benefits of having a healthy, vibrant lawn are numerous.
With the right maintenance techniques, your lawn can help reduce soil erosion, filter pollutants, and improve air quality. A well-maintained lawn can also increase the value of your property and provide a safe place for children and pets to play.
Additionally, a green lawn can help regulate temperature, keeping your home cooler in the summer months. By choosing the best grass for your lawn and implementing proper maintenance techniques, you can reap the benefits of a beautiful, healthy lawn.
So, let’s move on to the next section and see which grass is best suited for your needs.
Conclusion: Choosing the Best Grass for Your Lawn
It’s time to create a beautiful oasis in your own backyard by selecting the perfect type of grass that will make you want to kick off your shoes and feel the soft, cool blades beneath your feet.
But with so many options available, how do you choose the best one for your lawn?
Factors to consider include climate, soil type, and maintenance requirements.
For hot and sunny areas, Bermuda grass and Zoysia grass are great choices as they’re both drought-tolerant and have a high heat tolerance. However, they do require regular watering and fertilization.
If you’re looking for a low-maintenance option, consider using Buffalo grass or Centipede grass. These grasses require less watering and mowing, but may not be as lush and vibrant as other types.
Ultimately, the best grass for your lawn will depend on your specific needs and preferences.
Remember to follow proper maintenance tips, such as regular watering and mowing, to keep your lawn looking healthy and vibrant all season long.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can any type of grass survive in extreme heat and sun?
If you’re looking for a lush, green lawn that can withstand high temperatures and direct sunlight, then heat resistant grass varieties are the way to go. These types of grass have adapted to survive in harsh conditions and are perfect for areas with hot, dry climates.
Not only do they provide a beautiful lawn, but they also have benefits for your home’s energy efficiency. Shaded lawns can help reduce the amount of heat that’s absorbed by your home, which can lower your cooling costs during the summer months.
So, if you want to enjoy a healthy, vibrant lawn without sacrificing energy efficiency, consider planting heat resistant grass varieties. Your wallet and your lawn will thank you!
What are some common mistakes to avoid when planting and caring for hot weather grass?
When it comes to planting and caring for hot weather grass, there are a few common mistakes that can hinder its growth. In fact, studies show that up to 80% of lawn problems can be attributed to poor maintenance practices.
To avoid these pitfalls, make sure to water your grass deeply and infrequently, rather than shallow and frequently. Additionally, mowing too low can weaken the grass and leave it vulnerable to disease and pests. Instead, keep your lawn at a height of 2-3 inches and use sharp blades to prevent damage.
By following these maintenance tips and avoiding common mistakes, you can ensure your hot weather grass thrives and adds a lush, green touch to your outdoor space.
How often should hot weather grass be watered?
When it comes to maintaining hot weather grass, watering frequency and soil moisture are crucial factors to consider beyond just survival. It’s important to strike a balance between keeping the soil moist enough for the grass to thrive, but not so much that it becomes waterlogged.
As a general rule, hot weather grass should be watered deeply once a week, allowing the water to penetrate several inches into the soil. However, this may vary depending on factors such as the type of grass, soil type, and weather conditions.
By paying attention to the watering needs and soil moisture of your hot weather grass, you can ensure that it not only survives but thrives in the summer heat. So, take care of your grass and let it be the envy of your neighborhood!
Are there any natural alternatives to chemical fertilizers for maintaining a healthy lawn?
Looking for a natural way to maintain a healthy lawn without using chemical fertilizers? Look no further than organic options and DIY solutions.
There are plenty of organic fertilizers available that can give your lawn the nutrients it needs to thrive, without exposing your family or pets to harmful chemicals.
You can also make your own DIY solutions using household items like coffee grounds, eggshells, and banana peels. Not only will these methods help keep your lawn healthy, they’re also better for the environment.
So why not try out some organic options or DIY solutions and see the results for yourself?
How long does it typically take for hot weather grass to fully establish and grow?
You’ve just planted some hot weather grass and you can’t wait for it to fully establish and grow. Well, you’re in luck because there are some tips and best practices that can help speed up the growth process.
First off, make sure to water your grass regularly and deeply to encourage root growth. You can also fertilize your grass with organic options like compost or manure to provide essential nutrients without harmful chemicals.
When it comes to mowing, be sure to keep your blades sharp and only cut 1/3 of the blade at a time to avoid stress on the grass. By following these tips, you’ll be on your way to a lush and healthy lawn in no time.
Now that you know more about the best grasses for hot weather, you can make an informed decision on which one to plant in your yard.
Remember, the right grass can mean the difference between a lush, thriving lawn and a brown, patchy one.
So, take the time to research and choose wisely.
A healthy lawn not only looks great but also provides many benefits such as improved air quality, reduced soil erosion, and a cooler outdoor environment.
So, invest in your lawn by selecting the best grass for your climate and providing it with proper care.
As the saying goes, “a stitch in time saves nine”, so start now and enjoy the rewards of a beautiful lawn all summer long.
Check out these interesting articles…

domain: agronomy