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Looking in your local home-brew supplies depot you must have noticed the staggering amount of different hops which are now available to the beer enthusiast.
You can’t have helped but notice the many different hop names often listed on the taps in your favorite craft beer hangout or on the labels of the many bottles of craft beer now available.
One of the key ingredients of beer, along with water, yeast, and malt, hops are actually the flower, or to be more precise the “cones” of the plant known as Humulus lupulus plant, a perennial vine related to the cannabis plant that thrives in the same type of climates similar to grapes.
At last count, there were over 150 types of hops on the market and this continues to grow as innovative brewers cross-breed hops for their desired flavor.
Hops are basically what puts the bitter in beer, with some hoppy flavor American ales like IPAs being over-hopped for that eye-watering bitterness enjoyed by many beer enthusiasts/hop heads.
With so many different types of hops, it can be hard to choose which hop or hops to use. Single hop beers are very rare nowadays with most brewers tending to use a combination of hops for different levels of bitterness, varying flavors to beers, and intense aromas.
Follow our simple guide and list of 38 popular hops used in the US today below to decide which hop or hop selection is right for you, either in your home brew or that next pint down at your local bar.
Alpha Acids and Their Importance to Hops
To understand the difference in each type of hop and the three major categories of a hop, it is first of all important to understand the role alpha acids play in the bitterness level of a hop.
Alpha acids are chemical compounds found in the resin glands of the hop plant flowers and are the source of bitterness found in the hop.
The three most important alpha acids found in hops, Humulone, Cohumulone, and Adhumulone are transformed into iso-alpha acids when added to a boiling wart to give the beer a sharper and bitter taste.
Alpha acids are also responsible for the antibacterial qualities of the hops. In the past, higher alcohol levels were used for longer shelf life and more stable beers, but many brewers found adding more hops not only killed off any unwanted bacteria but also made for a healthier environment for the yeast to grow and ferment more efficiently.
The bitterness of a beer is measured by the International Bitterness Units scale with the alpha acid content of a hop being a major deciding factor.
The IBU scale runs from 1 to 100, with hoppier beers like West Coast IPAs having an IBU of 50 or more, although once an IBU reaches about 80, the human palate can’t taste any more bitterness.
If we are going to mention alpha acids, we cannot leave out the other type of acid found commonly in hops, the beta acids.
Compared with the alpha acids, hops add relatively lower levels of beta acids to a finished beer. Beta acids have stronger antiseptic qualities but add less bitterness than alpha acids.
The bitterness added by beta acids comes from the oxidization of the acids with oxygen in the beer over a period of time. This often causes subtle changes in the flavor of beers that are stored for longer periods of time such as lagers.
As such when looking at different varieties of hops the alpha acid content is a far more trustworthy guide to how much bitterness they will add to the finished beer, while beta acids and the essential oils will add more to the aroma and flavor of an ale.
The 3 Major Categories of Hops
Hops are used to add bitterness, aroma, and flavor to an array of beer styles and each hop has its own category.
These hops are normally added at the start of the brewing stage as the boiling slowly releases the iso-alpha acids which give rise to the bitter taste.
High in alpha acids, mainly over 10%, bittering hops will be lower in essential oils. These hops concentrate more on the bitterness of the beer rather than the taste or the smell,
Many of the European hops have a higher alpha acid percentage than our new world hops so are a much better choice for bittering.
There are exceptions though, such as Tomahawk, Columbus, Zeus, or Chinook hops which are excellent US-produced bitter hops.
Bittering hop examples include:
- Brewers Gold
- Green Bullet
- Pacific Gem
- Southern Star
Yes, you have guessed it – these hops are more focused on the smell of the beer. With higher levels of essential oils than bittering hops, they impart that aromatic flavor which can range from an aroma of earthiness to citrus aroma or a fruity aroma.
They will have average alpha acid levels too low. In general hops from North America tend to feature more aroma qualities than their European aroma hop counterparts with the exception being the Noble hops.
Examples of aroma hops are:
- Brewers Gold
- Canterbury Golding
- East Kent Golding
- Falconers Flight
- Golding hops (English varietal hop)
- Golding (US-based variant)
- Pacific Hallertau
- Styrian Golding
- Whitbread Goldings
The noble hops from Europe also fall into the aroma category. You don’t have to be a noble or part of the gentry to use them, they just refer to the high status that some of the oldest and most traditional hops fall into.
Originally from the innovators of European beer brewing, these hops mainly originate from the old Bavarian regions of Germany and Czechoslavakia and include:
- Czech Saaz
- German Tettnanger
- Hallertau Mittelfruh
Sometimes also referred to as flavor hops, these dual-purpose brewing hops can be used to add bitterness if added to the boil, or can be added later for a more aromatic quality and flavor. Dual purpose hops have both higher
Dual-purpose hops have high alpha acid compositions with plenty of essential oils. They offer a balance of bitterness with a blend of aroma in hops which can be added at any part of the brewing process from start to late or even dry hopping.
Hops like Citra, Simcoe, and Cascade can also be used as dual-purpose hops and used at all stages, especially in Pale Ale or IPAs where they add both bittering and a complex aroma to the beer.
Examples of Dual purpose hops include:
- Bitter Gold
- Bramling Cross
- First Gold
- Hallertau Aroma
- Nelson Sauvin
- Northern Brewer (German varietal)
- Northern Brewer (US variety)
- Southern Brewer
- Southern Cross
- Super Alpha
- Super Styrian
38 Types of Hop
Enough talking about the classifications of hops, let’s get into the nitty-gritty and look at some of the most common types of hops used in American commercial beers today by craft brewers today.
Alpha Acid Composition: 13 to 16.2%
A bittering British hop, the Admiral hop was created from a combination of the Challenger and Northdown hops and was first released to the commercial brewers market in 1998.
The intense flavor features notes of orange and a citrus scent which makes for an ideal bittering hop to be used in all types of IPAs, Pale Ales, and other bitters. The lower oil composition lends a woody and herbaceous aroma to the hop making for a bold combination with the citrus notes.
You can find this hop used in popular beers like Stone IPA and Three Floyds Blackheart English IPA.
Alpha Acid Composition: 9 to 15%
Released in 2001, this Czech hop was a result of breeding various hops including Northern Brewer, Saaz, and Fuggles. A bittering hop due to the high level of alpha acids, common beer types that use it include German-style lager and ales but it also works well in a Pilsner-style beer.
A spicy citrus flavor, it has a clean bitterness along with more complex flavors. Some describe it as a grassy, almost floral aroma with a hint of lychee and thyme. Although hops like Saaz or Northern Brewer are often used in their place, the wide array of flavors makes it ideal for single hop beers.
Alpha Acid Composition: 5.8 to 10.9%
One of the first New Zealand-bred hops we feature, this hop variety was originally created in 1970 but not released to the wider market until about 1983.
A unique oil balance with an average alpha acid content of between 5.8% to 10.9% categorizes it as a dual-purpose hop. Used in Pale Ales and lagers, the Alpharoma hop gives a clean bitterness along with citrusy flavors and a fruity aroma.
Not the easiest of hops to find, most enthusiasts tend to use this versatile brewing ingredient in smaller quantities blended with other dual-purpose hops.
Alpha Acid Composition: 8 to 11%
One of the classic American hop varieties, Amarillo hops are typically used in the brewing of American Pale Ale and American Ales IPAs. This hop was originally discovered growing wild in the late 20th century and is a very popular aroma hop with middle-range alpha acid levels.
With a strong aroma of citrus and oranges, the Amarillo hop has a moderate bittering quality and flavor qualities particularly suited for West Coast IPAs.
Alpha Acid Composition: 7 to 11%
Using Slovenian wild hops blended with Brewers Gold, the Atlas hop is a versatile dual-purpose brewing ingredient. With an average acid composition, it can brighten up a variety of beer styles with a mild bitterness.
Rich aromatics balance a piney, floral aroma and it’s popular with brewers of Pale Ales and Belgian-style ales. It’s also not uncommon to get hints of a limey citrus fresh aroma with this European hybrid too. If you can’t find the Atlas hops, Aurora or Styrian Gold hops are possible substitutions.
Alpha Acid Composition: 6 to 9 %
Another European hybrid, Northern Brewer hops have been blended with TG hops and wild Slovenian hops to produce a hop with moderate bittering qualities but floral flavors with an aroma of pine, tropical fruits, and lime.
This rich aroma is best showcased in an array of beer styles from English ales and American and is similar to the aroma found in most Belgian ales. The parent hop, Northern Brewer, is often used in place of this aroma hop for a similar result.
Alpha Acid Composition: 10%
A relatively new hop, Belma hops were first cultivated by Puterbaugh Farms in Washington State. As dual-purpose hops, they are commonly used in Pale Malt Ales to bring hoppy notes and a tropical aroma of fruits such as pineapple, strawberry, and citrus.
An aroma of melon along with light floral notes tops off the fruity aromas of these hops, which creates a tasty brew when paired with hops like Calypso or Citra.
Bitter Gold Hops
Alpha Acid Composition: 16 to 19%
Coming from a lineage of hops including Brewers Gold, Fuggle, and Comet, the high alpha acid levels in these American varietal hops give them a strong bittering quality.
With very few notable aromatic qualities, Bitter Gold is only used for bittering in beer styles from IPAs to, of course, English bitters. Although Galena or Nugget hops could be substituted at a push, they won’t offer the same intense bittering per every ounce of hops used.
Bramling Cross Hops
Alpha Acid Composition: 5 to 8 %
Though this is actually a British hop, this intensely fruity hop is popular in the States as it can be used in just about any type of beer as an aroma-type cultivar.
The Bramling Cross hop was first cultivated in 1927 using a cross of a Golding variety called Bramling and wild Canadian hops. The result was a hop that features a rich aroma of blackberry, currants, and plum ideal for use in traditional cask-conditioned ales.
The unique flavor can also be used with all other types of beer from Golden Ales and IPAs and even to darker brews like stouts or brown ales.
With moderate bittering qualities, other hops found in the Golding family like Whitbread Golding or East Kent Goldings hops offer a similar flavor profile but if you want to experience the full flavor of the Bramling Cross hop try to grab hold of a can of Brew Dog’s Bramling Cross IPA – you won’t be disappointed.
Alpha Acid Composition: 14 to 17%
You’ve probably guessed by the high alpha acid composition, that this is yet another bittering hop, which is very popular among the West Coast craft breweries.
Bravo hops are best used in Pale Ales but are also favored by American IPAs, another style of beer where they add a smooth bitterness. An aroma of spice with earthy and floral notes contrasts with the bitterness the Bravo hops bring for a smooth finish to the beer.
Bravo hops can be swapped out for Apollo, Columbus or Zeus hops when necessary although single hop beers like Dangerous Man Brewing Co.’s Bravo IPA show what you get from this wonderful bittering hop to the full extent.
Brewers Gold Hops
Alpha Acid Composition: 6 to 10%
Dating back to 1919, open pollination of wild Manitoba hops, the Brewers Gold hops are said to be a dual-purpose hop, but in reality, they work better for their bittering qualities.
The mild aroma has fruity notes with a little spice added that works well for darker brews like Imperial Stout. the moderate alpha acid range makes Brewers Gold a versatile hop for bittering your favorite brew while adding bright aromatics. Substitutes for the Brewers Gold hops include varietals such as Bramling Cross, Galena, or Cascade.
British Kent Goldings Hops
Alpha Acid Composition: 4 to 6%
Known by several different names, BKG, Kent Goldings, and East Kent Goldings, these hops add a distinct aroma to a brew. The British Kent Goldings were originally farmed in the Kent region of Southern England way back in the 1790s and are used mainly for English-style beers and Pale Ales.
With a low alpha acid range, the aroma is the strong point of these hops and they add a soft aroma of floral, lavender, and honey with a hint of fresh lemon, and thyme for a little spice.
If you are feeling over-hopped by some of the bigger 4 Cs then why not take a break with the Kent Goldings?
Other varieties from the Golding family of hops can be easily substituted when needed including the US Golding or British Progress hops. Commercial brews like Samuel Adams Ale or Saison de la Bond from the Deschutes Brewery make use of British Kent Goldings hops if you want to try them.
Alpha Acid Composition: 12 to 14%
A newer variety of hop from the American Pacific Northwest, Calypso hops are known for both their bittering and aromatic characteristics. The alpha acid content of 12 to 14% makes Calypso an excellent choice as a bittering agent in brews.
When it comes to the flavor and aromas offered by the Calypso hop there are a wide variety of descriptions. Most would first focus on the fruity flavors including most commonly apple, citrus, and pears.
Melon and tropical fruit aromas also manage to squeeze in there too. Some people even claim to get tastes of pepper, cherry blossom, or mint. That’s one helluva flavor punch!
Widely available in both whole hop and pellet form, it’s very unlikely you would ever need to substitute any other hops for the Calypso, but it would be possible to use a fruity hop like Belma or cascade if you really had to.
Alpha Acid Composition: 4.5 to 7 %
The first of the Big 3 C hops raved about by many hop enthusiasts, this group of hops is thought to represent the authentic taste and aromas of the American craft beer revolution.
First born in Oregon, Cascade hops are arguably the most commonly used hop in both home and commercial craft brews. With a low to average alpha acid range, they are dual-purpose hops that bring a fruity, citrus aroma with a hint of spicy notes to brighten up any beer type, especially IPas, APAs, and any other American ale.
Cascade is one of the easiest hops to get your hands on in both whole cone or pellet form and works well for dry hopping a beer too. Centennial or Amarillo hops could be substituted if by chance your local depot should ever run out. (Not likely!) The infamous Sierra Nevada Pale Ale is a great example of a Cascade hopped beer.
Alpha Acid Composition: 7.7 to 9.1%
As the name implies, Cashmere hops add a smooth silky taste to almost any style of beer. Although a relatively new varietal, it was only released by Washington State University back in 2013, and it has quickly risen in popularity.
Descended from the Northern Brewer and Cascade hops, Cashmere hops have a unique aroma of herbs combined with melon flavors and citrus notes with a spicy hint at the end. Lower alpha acid levels give it a moderate bittering quality which works well with American Pale Ales, IPAs, or any other American Ale.
Alpha Acid Composition: 9.5 to 11.5%
The second of the 3 C hops in our list is often also referred to as Super Cascade, although it features a more citrus-heavy aroma than a Cascade.
First developed in 1974, the Centennial is predominantly Brewer’s Gold hop which has been mixed with East Kent Goldings and Fuggle amongst others too.
A moderate to high alpha acid range balances with a crisp yet fruity aroma when added to a boil. Easy to find in both pellet and whole form, the nearest substitute if needed would be to blend Columbus and Cascade hops.
Alpha Acid Composition: 6.5 to 8.5%
First bred by Wye College back in 1972, this woodsy varietal has a pronounced English flavor to it. It is a dual-purpose hop that gives both aroma and moderate bittering to a beer.
Commonly used in European beers, Challenger hops have a rich aroma of cedar, with some green tea, spice, and floral notes thrown in for good measure. This hop also blends well with others for brews like Pale Ales, Belgian Beers, and of course English Ale.
Alpha Acid Composition: 12 to 15.5%
This bittering hop is the offspring of the Galena hop and has high levels of both alpha and beta acids for a sharp bitterness along with a hint of fruity, almost floral aroma.
The higher level of alpha acids found in Chelan hops makes them a popular choice for American Ales and Pale Ales. Galena hops would be a viable substitute but Nugget could be another option too.
Alpha Acid Composition: 12 to 14%
Although not officially part of the 3 Big C group, this popular craft brewers hop is often found in the same beers to add that piney aroma and a trace of sharp bitterness.
First developed in 1985 in Washington State, this hop is a cross between Petham Goldings hops and a high alpha male hop.
Although many would argue pine is the overriding flavor this hop brings to a beer, there’s also a bright hint of grapefruit which adds to the bitterness. The heavy bittering qualities and the earthy aroma make it an ideal hop for IPAs, APAs, and many seasonal brews like Winter Ale or stouts.
Alpha Acid Composition: 6 to 7%
A varietal of the Styrian C series, this Slovenian hops is used for both its aromatic and bittering qualities. A relatively low alpha acid range makes for a more moderate bitterness but with a typical Styrian aroma of floral notes with a light spiciness.
Although not available homegrown in the US yet, it has excellent storage qualities and can be easily imported. If you need a substitute any member of the Styrian Cs or the parent hop Aurora would give similar results.
Alpha Acid Composition: 11 to 13%
Now that we’re talking, one of my all-time favorite hops is the Citra hop! Bright grapefruit, orange, and lemon combine with tropical fruit flavors for an aroma that is really unique to this hop.
Widely used in IPAs and Pale Ales the high alpha range adds a crisp bitterness when added to the boil, but it can also be used for dry hopping to let that wonderful aroma shine through. Combing with other fruity hops like Simcoe or Mosaic tends to work well and both can be used as a substitute.
You can taste the results of a Citra and Mosaic fruity flavor combination in beers like Victory Brewing Co.’s Imperial Cloud Walker, a hazy IPA.
Alpha Acid Composition: 4.4 to 8%
Believed to be among the oldest hops in the US, these are also grown in far-off places too like Australia. First discovered in Oregon in the early sixties, the Cluster hop is thought originally to come from Canada.
Of particular noteworthiness is the Yakima Cluster hops which descended from Native American hops with the lush soil of Washington state giving an earthy aroma to the hops.
Despite having a low alpha acid range, Cluster hops are often used as a bittering agent but are more commonly added towards the end of the brew for those earthy aromas.
Alpha Acid Composition: 8 to 10%
Recently revived in 2011 due to the explosion of the craft brewing scene, Colombia was first released in 1967 but production was abandoned for more aromatic varietal hops which the market demanded.
With a punchy citrus kick, this hop is perfect for use in light ales like Pale Ales, IPAs, and English style. An average alpha acid composition of 8 to 10% gives a mild bittering effect to the hop.
You may still struggle to find this hop in some states but a similar variety of hop is the sister hop Williamette.
Alpha Acid Composition: 14 to 18%
The final member of the Three C’s in our list, Columbus hops are also called Tomahawk, Zeus, or the acronym CTZ, which combines all three names. One of the most widely used hops in commercial beers, the high alpha acid range makes it a perfect bittering agent in most brews.
A smooth bitterness it works best in Pale Ales, IPAs, and Imperial style beers. To get more aroma from the hop it can also be added in the dry hopping stage for a peppery and pungent licorice aroma.
With Tomahawk and Zeus being essentially the same hop these could be substituted for Columbus along with other popular hops like Chinook or Nugget.
Alpha Acid Composition: 3.5 to 5.5 %
Most commonly used as an aroma hop, the Crystal hop descends from Cascade, Brewer’s Gold, and Early Green hops. First released in 1993 as a product of the USDA’s hop breeding program, the lower alpha acid levels allow for the woodsy and earthy aroma to shine through with a little spiciness of cinnamon and black pepper.
An ideal addition to IPAs, this versatile hop can also be used in ESBs, brown ales, and many types of lager. Other hops which feature a similar aroma profile include Mt. Hood, Hallertau Mf, or Liberty hops.
Alpha Acid Composition: 7.2 to 13%
Another Slavic hop, Dana hops are also known as Styrian Dana and is an aroma hop from the breeding of the Hallertau Magnum hop with a wild Slovenian male hop.
A subtle citrus aroma with floral notes adds to many beers like Belgian Ales and Pales, with the higher acid levels meaning it could also be used for bittering.
The more common use is for aroma and similar Styrian hops like Celeia or Bobek could be substituted at a push.
Alpha Acid Composition: 12 to 15%
Another USDA’s cross-pollination hops, this time with Brewers Gold, Eroica hops were released to the market in the mid-1980s. A sister to Galena hops, Eroica is often used to add a fruity flavor to ales like IPA, Pale Ales, and many lagers.
Although the aromatic essential oils content is high, the hop also has a reasonably high alpha acid range suitable for adding a sharp bitterness to the brew. Substitutes include Galena, Brewers Gold, and Bullion for that fruity flavor profile.
Alpha Acid Composition: 9 to 12 %
Developed to honor the Northwest’s brewing legend that is Glen Hay Falconer, the Falconers Flight hop is dual purpose adding a bittering quality along with fruity aromas to regional styles in the Northwest like IPAs and Pale Ales.
If used for aroma purposes, the finished ale will enjoy a light citrus flavor, along with grapefruit and tropical fruits. A mic sought-after hop, you could also substitute Cascade or Colombus hops but to try the original look out for the Sly Fox Brewing Co.’s Falconers Flight APA.
Alpha Acid Composition: 3 to 7 %
A popular hop variety the Fuggle hop has been around since 1875 and is one of the most popular British hops used.
Varietals of the Fuggle hops are grown worldwide from the UK to the US and although the region where the hop is cultivated will affect some of the characteristics Fuggle hops tend to have the same general properties wherever they come from.
A dual-purpose hop they can be used to compliment many beer styles including Belgian and English style beers along with IPAs and Red Ales. The lower alpha acid levels allow an earthy aroma to dominate the beer with hints of wood, grass, and even mint.
Alpha Acid Composition: 11 to 14 %
Possibly the most used hop in the US for bittering, the high levels of alpha acids lend themselves well to IPAs, Stouts, Brown Ales, and Pale Ales.
Although primarily a bittering agent, Galena hops also feature aroma qualities with a spicy blackcurrant and citrus profile. Due to the high usage in both commercial and homebrew scenes, the Galena is widely available but if you did want to try swapping it out, hops like Brewers Gold or CTZ are suitable substitutions.
A great example of a Galena hopped beer is Stone Brewing Co.’s Bitter Chocolate Oatmeal Stout although you will more than likely find some of your favorite brews already use Galena hops.
Alpha Acid Composition: 4 to 7 %
As one of the most traditional English varieties of hops, you can trace the Golding hops back to Kent, the beer garden of England, where they have been produced for over 200 years.
With a relatively low alpha acid range, Golding hops are used to give beer that uniquely English aroma of mild sweetness with hints of floral scents ideal for use in lighter beer styles.
You will find this English variety used in many different beer types including ESB, Brown Ales, and even Porters. For a similar aroma profile look out for the closely related East Kent Goldings hops or Williamette hops.
Alpha Acid Composition: 3 to 5%
Originally from Germany, the Hallertau hop is now used in New Zealand and the States, too. A lower level of alpha acids means this hop is normally used for its aroma, with a strong aroma of herbaceous floral qualities with a hint of spice and almost hay-like characteristics.
These aromas are ideally suited to Belgian style Ales and lagers in particular the Bock style. If you need a substitute hop any hop from the Hallertau family of hops will work, for example, the Hallertau Mittelfruh.
Alpha Acid Composition: 10 to 13 %
A Polish varietal hop, this is a high alpha acid hop best used as a bittering agent. If you should choose to add later in the brew for aroma purposes you will be pleasantly surprised by hints of blackcurrant, grapefruit, and spice.
This hop works so well in bittering styles such as IPA, Lagers, and Altbiers. If you struggle to find this polish varietal, you could try substituting it with one of our homegrown hops like Nugget or Galena hops.
Alpha Acid Composition: 10 to 14%
This hop was born from crossing a Galena hop with a German male alpha hop. Available both in their native Germany and here in the States, the German varietal is known as Hallertau Magnum.
Primarily a bittering hop due to the high levels of alpha acids, the Magnum hop only features a mild aroma of herbs, pine, and resin.
As a clean bittering agent the Magnum hop is a very popular ingredient in many styles of ale including IPA, Pale Ales, and even stout. To try magnum at its best, hunt out a bottle of Paulaner’s Extra Dry Premium Pilsner.
Nelson Sauvin Hops
Alpha Acid Composition: 12 to 13%
Originally from New Zealand, this is a cross between cultivated Smoothcone hops and wild hops for a versatile bittering agent with high levels of alpha acids.
Reminiscent of Sauvignon Blanc vineyards, this hop balances the bittering with an intense fruity aroma. The bright flavors of gooseberry, grapefruit and citrus taste great in beers like APAs, IPAs, and even some lagers.
Other varietals from the same region which can be substituted for Nelson Sauvin hops include Pacifica and Pacific Jade hops.
Sorachi Ace Hops
Alpha Acid Composition: 10 to 16%
Would you believe that even the Japanese are getting into the grow-your-own hops scene? More famous for sushi and sake, Japan now has a booming craft beer market. (Check out my article on Japanese beers here.)
This Japanese hop uses a mix of Brewers Gold, a Saaz hop, and a Beiki Male hop from Sapporo Brewers. Originally released in 1984, it’s the main ingredient in Sapporo Lager but with a high alpha acid concentration is ideal as a sharp bittering agent in many IPAs and Pale Ales as well as the lagers.
Sorachi Ace adds an aroma of fresh lemon, citrus, dill, and cilantro to any beer it’s added to. Citra or Simcoe would make good substitutes if you can’t get your hands on the Japanese original. But if you want to taste this unique hop, just grab a can of Sapporo down at the local sushi bar.
Tardif de Burgogne Hops
Alpha Acid Composition: 3.1 to 5.5%
Quite a hard-to-find hop, but still worth a mention as we don’t often see French varietals. Used globally, but mainly in European brews, the low levels of alphas mean it is loved for its mild aroma of earthy and florals.
The softer aroma and flavor are ideal for many English and Belgian ales. Finding a substitute hop isn’t easy either, although you could always try a Sonnet hop for a similar soft aroma.
Yakima Gold Hops
Alpha Acid Composition: 8.87 to 10.5%
Another hop released by the prolific Washington State University, the Yakima Gold is a descendent of an Early Cluster with a Slovenian male hop.
A pleasant Saaz-like floral aroma with hints of spice combines with high alpha levels of up to 10.5% for a dual-purpose hop.
This traditional aroma and bitterness work well with dark Ales, IPAs, and some types of lager. If you need to find a substitution, the Yakima Valley hops also from Washington State University will do the job just as well.
Type of Hops – A Few Final Words
There’s a whole world of hops out there for you to experiment with. Most craft beers will make a big deal of which hop they use, so check those labels or the taps at your local bar for inspiration for your next brew.
The good news is that hops won’t ruin your beer. They may make it a different beer from what you expected but often in a good way. Experimentation is recommended rather than just sticking to recipes, who knows you may come up with your own award-winning beer.
Hopefully, the hops I have looked at in detail may give you some more ideas of which hops give each flavor or bitterness level. In addition to some of the more well-known hops, I tried to include some interesting little numbers which make some Ales stand out from the crowd. Let me know if you have any favorite lesser-known hops you like to rave about to your fellow hop heads.
People Also Ask
What is the Aroma of Hops?
Although all hops have their own unique aromas, the general aroma of a hop can be described as a herbaceous resiny smell, especially when fresh which can often smell similar to hemp plants or other perennial green vines. Many would even describe hops as having a spicy aroma.
What are the 3 “C” Hops?
You will often hear many craft brewers talk about the 3 C hops, but which exactly are they?
Many craft beer enthusiasts now consider Chinook hops to be part of the same group so it is often referred to as the Big 4 C hops now. These hops are considered an important grouping as they represent the original flavor and aroma profile of the American craft beer revolution.
What Are 3 Valid Aroma Descriptors You Would Use to Describe Hops?
Essential oils and various other compounds in the hop give each hop its aroma.
A floral aroma is most associated with hops that have a higher percentage of the essential oil farnesene such as the Sterling or Saaz hop.
Myrcene is the essential oil that would give a hop an aroma descriptor of citrussy aroma or piney and is higher in hops like Amarillo, Citra, and Cascade.
Hops with a high percentage of humulene will often be described as having an earthy aroma and include varietals such as East Kent Goldings, Vanguard, and Perle.
Is Corona a Hoppy Beer?
Although Corona certainly uses hops in its production, it’s more of a lager than an ale and doesn’t feature the same hoppy flavor profile or aroma as much American ale, IPAs, or Pale Ales.
The BJCP defines Corona Premium American Lager as a clear, yellow-colored lager that is not hoppy but with more body than a light beer.
What Are the Three Categories of Hops?
Each hop variety will fall into one of three categories depending on what the purpose of the hop is:
Bittering hops will normally have a higher percentage of alpha acids and are added to a brew at the wort stage where the heat converts the alpha acids into iso-alphas which give the beer a bitterness.
Aroma Hops have a lower level of alpha acids but can be high in beta acids. These hops are used for the aroma of the finished ale.
Dual Purpose Hops are also known as flavor hops by some. With a moderate level of alpha or beta acids, they can be added at the start of a brew for that bitterness or used at the end for aroma and flavor.
What Kind of Hops Are Used in IPA?
Hops that are strong in both flavor and bitterness are the go-to choice for an IPA. Classic American hops like Simcoe, Cascade, Amarillo, or Colombus are often used in American IPAs for those citrus characteristics which define an IPA.
Regional varietal hops like Chinook or Northern Brewer are often added later in the boil for pine flavors too.
What Are the 4 Noble Hops?
Originating from Europe, the 4 noble hops are Saaz, Spalt, Tettnanger, and Hallertau Mittelfrüh.
Most commonly used in European lagers or Belgian Ales they give a bittering quality with herbal aroma with hints of floral aromas too with a mild flavor of spice.
How Many Hop Varieties Are There?
At last count, it was estimated there were about 147 hop varieties in the world, but this number is forever growing as innovative brewers cross-breed different hop plants forever in search of new flavors, aromas, and levels of bitterness.


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Crowns are custom built for each patient by our laboratory team. They are made from a variety of materials and can be colour matched to your natural teeth so they completely blend into your mouth.
A dental crown can last for many years if you look after your teeth properly and maintain a thorough home care routine.
The treatment explained
If you require a dental crown, the dentist will need to remove the affected section of your natural tooth to make room for the restoration.
Impressions will be taken of your teeth so the laboratory can build your crown. At the next appointment, it will be permanently affixed to your natural tooth.
To book your appointment, please click here or call 020 8809 4960.
- Dental Care For Children
- Dental Hygienist
- Inlays And Onlays
- Mouth Cancer Screening
- Nervous Patients
- Preventative Dentistry
- Root Canal Treatment
- Tooth Extraction
- Teeth Whitening Harringay
- Missing Teeth
- Gum Hygiene Treatment
- Six Month Smiles
- Invisalign® Braces Harringay
- iTero 3D Teeth Mapping
- Dental Emergencies Haringey
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- Smile Makeovers Harringay
- Cosmetic Dentist Harringay

domain: medical


Maryland High School Basketball - Chopticon ripped by Great MillsJanuary 31, 2020: Morganza, MD 20660
In Friday's league match, the visiting Great Mills Hornets basketball team scored a decisive 73-40 triumph over the Chopticon Braves.
In their next game, the Hornets meet the Northern Patriots (Owings, MD) in a Southern Maryland match, on Wednesday, February 5. Great Mills will attempt to better on its 14-3 season record. The Patriots enter the match with a 4-11 record after their 74-54 league loss to Leonardtown (Leonardtown, MD).
With the defeat, Chopticon moves to 2-15 on the year. The Braves travel to Huntingtown (Huntingtown, MD) to meet the Hurricanes in a Southern Maryland bout on Wednesday, February 5. The Hurricanes go into the bout with a record of 11-6. Huntingtown won 73-46 in their recent league bout against Patuxent (Lusby, MD)


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Cutting out sushi, limiting caffeine and taking pre-natal vitamins are some of the most common ways expectant moms prepare for their new baby. In fact, new research shows 90 per cent of pregnant women are spending time thinking about their own nutrition while pregnant.
But what about preparing for after baby arrives? The same research found that less than a quarter of expectant moms are concerned about how they will feed their newborn.
“Many pregnant moms think breastfeeding will be easy and natural – and it often is,” says paediatrician Dr. Leah Tattum and mother of two. “But there can also be some unexpected challenges. Having a feeding plan before baby arrives can make the transition much smoother.”
Dr. Tattum encourages expectant moms to speak with their doctor or a lactation consultant for tips and advice. Moms should also research the differences between infant formulas and have some at home so if it's needed, she won't have to make any rushed decisions.
“Breastfeeding is best for baby,” says Dr. Tattum. “But if a mother chooses to use infant formula, she should know they aren't all the same. I suggest using a formula such as Good Start Natural Cultures since it contains B. lactis, a probiotic which contributes to baby's healthy digestive tract flora.”
For more information about developing a baby feeding plan, speak to your doctor.

domain: news


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Environment Protection Authority (Victoria)
Environment Protection Authority logo
An air monitoring station adjacent to Alphington railway station
|Formed||1 July 1971|
|Headquarters||200 Victoria Street, Carlton, 3053|
|Agency executives||Chairperson, Cheryl Batagol
CEO, John Merritt
Environmental Protection Authority Victoria (EPA) is part of the environment portfolio—along with the Department of Sustainability and Environment (DSE) and Sustainability Victoria—charged with protecting the Victorian environment. EPA is an administrative office of the DSE, and it reports to the Minister for Environment and Climate Change.
EPA's sole role is to regulate pollution. It has independent authority to make regulatory decisions under the Environment Protection Act 1970. Based on its regulatory risk model, EPA prioritises its compliance and enforcement activity by addressing the biggest risk to the environment and health. More information is contained in the Annual Compliance Plan.
EPA aspires to create a healthy environment that supports a liveable and prosperous Victoria. By effectively regulating pollution in Victoria, EPA is striving to deliver clean air, healthy waterways, safe land, and minimal disturbances from noise and odour for Victorians.
Each year, an annual plan is released which details areas of focus for the regulator. In 2011, EPA unveiled a "5 Year Plan" to 2016 which provides a blueprint to realise its objectives. It features three strategic priorities:
- Deal with past pollution.
- Tackle current environmental issues.
- Shape the environmental future.
Established under the Environment Protection Act 1970, EPA is the second oldest environmental regulatory agency in the world. It was established to address environmental problems across the state in a systematic and integrated way, bringing together a range of legislation and powers to be administered by a central authority.

domain: law


text:
5.) Tito Ortiz
01/22/2020 12:00 AM
Mingle Media TV via (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/deed.en) Wikipedia Commons
Former Light Heavyweight Champion Tito Ortiz is a big fan of Trump and his policies. He has spoken his mind many times in the past and offered up his support to the man in the White House.
People, Places & Things
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Trump Slams Brad Pitt Over Politically Correct Oscars Speech
Unhinged Oscar Winning Vegan Joaquin Phoenix 'Rescues' Cow And Her Calf From Slaughterhouse
Former Rugby Player Horrifically Murders Wife And Kids By Dousing Them With Gasoline And Setting Them On Fire
Pop Star Justin Bieber Opens Up About His Faith In Christ
Actor James Woods DESTROYS Dem Candidates After Debate Brawl

domain: celebrity


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In celebration of the annual international campaign, 16 Days of Activism against Gender-Based Violence, community development organisation This Life Cambodia (TLC) released a new ad designed to discourage men from violent behaviour – the “Honourable Warrior”.
Drawing inspiration from the old proverb, “Cambodians have the blood of warriors in their veins”, which hark back to the glory days of the Khmer empire, the video features Cambodian boxer and mixed martial arts star Chan Rothana.
“I am very proud to be a part of this wonderful campaign as it is a cause I fully support,” writes Rothana on his Facebook page. “I have been practising Kun Khmer since I was young and it taught me never to use violence outside the ring and to show respect to others, especially women.”
The ad which lasts for two minutes has gone viral on social media, amassing a million views, 10,000 shares, and 34,000 likes. Hundreds of positive comments for the campaign have also poured in to show support to the ad’s narrative.
One Facebook user Hengchea says: “As a Cambodian, I’d like to join in and extend my wholehearted support to such a meaningful campaign. I’d also like to call for the rekindling of the Cambodian spirit of togetherness, especially among the new generation . . . [so] we can all live in peace and happiness.”
Sam, another Facebook user, expressed appreciation for the ad: “This campaign ad really touched my heart. It’s about time someone made it.”
The ad cites that one in three Cambodian men admits to having committed physical or sexual violence against their partners at least once in their lifetime.
The campaign aims to reawaken the Honourable Warrior in each man, a person who protects women and children and never hurts them.
“It is shocking that one in three Cambodian men admits to using violence against women and it’s time to stop it. Please be an honourable warrior and promise never to hurt women,” says Rothana.
Much like the previous End Violence Together campaign, TLC has consistently run programmes that promote the prevention of domestic violence, working with thousands of vulnerable women, students, children and local authorities to tackle the root causes of violence.
“Domestic violence isn’t limited to Cambodia; it’s a global problem. Research shows that one in three women across the world has been a victim of domestic violence at some point in their life. It’s time for this to stop, and that means that men have to change.
TLC founder and executive director Billy Gorter says: “We all need to work together, men and women alike, to say that we won’t tolerate this. Not in Cambodia, not in any country.
“We’re glad that men are sharing this message in huge numbers. That’s a step forward, although we still have a long way to go.”
In the ad, the viewer sees Rothana preparing for a fight and people filing in with excitement to watch the impending match. Rothana steps inside the ring and turns to see his opponent – a frightened woman played by actress Nov Dana.
As the audience’s excitement turns to horror and anger, Rothana refuses to fight and instead helps the woman to her feet. The gesture gains the applause of the audience and earns him the belt of the Honourable Warrior.
“The message is clear”, says Gorter, “while many people enjoy watching men show off their strength in the sports arena, they reject its use in their homes”.
This is not about simple awareness-raising, clarifies TLC, adding that the Cambodian people have been asked to sign up to three Honourable Warrior pledges – to never use violence against the vulnerable, to show respect for all and to bring up their children with the same values.
The pledges were endorsed by 22,500 Facebook users who were then asked to join Facebook group, Honourable Warriors.
“We’re extremely happy that Cambodian men backed this campaign so enthusiastically, especially the thousands of ordinary men who shared our video and campaign materials,” says TLC deputy director Se Chhin.
TLC says the campaign features a range of celebrity Honourable Warriors chosen to appeal to different groups of men, led by Rothana and joined by the likes of Cambodian national footballer Thierry Chantha Bin, singer Vuthea and rappers Reezy, Vitou and Ruthko.
Women have also laid claim to the Honourable Warrior belt, including bokator fighter and actress Tharoth Sam, rapper Sang Sok Serey and women’s rights activist Catherine Harry.
“We know that a lot of Cambodian men idolise Chan Rothana, so we were very grateful that he agreed to star in our video and speak out, [thus] inspiring his followers. [We are] also grateful to the other influential Cambodian personalities who agreed to pose with our Honourable Warrior belt.
“Domestic violence is a terrible problem that blights whole families and communities. It is time for it to end everywhere in the world, and it is up to men to do that.
“I hope that by backing this campaign and becoming Honourable Warriors, Cambodian men will lead the way in eradicating violence against women,” says Chhin.
This year’s international 16-day campaign against gender-based violence opened on November 5 and ends on Tuesday.
Besides the campaign video, TLC had also organised several rallies in local communities where women, girls, and some men, all came together to express opposition to domestic violence.


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Saturday 25 November 2023 to Sunday 26 November 2023
The Mt Gladstone Hillclimb in Cooma is organised by the Cooma Monaro Historic Automobile Club (CMHAC), sanctioned by Motorsport Australia, and uses the Mt Gladstone Rd which is located about 4 Kms…
The Mt Gladstone Hillclimb in Cooma is organised by the Cooma Monaro Historic Automobile Club (CMHAC), sanctioned by Motorsport Australia, and uses the Mt Gladstone Rd which is located about 4 Kms out of Cooma.
The road leads to the Mt Gladstone Lookout and Miss Heidi’s Tea House and is closed for each event.
The events provide an outlet for both young and old to develop or hone their skills in a controlled and safe environment. Newcomers are catered for by our ‘Come and Try’ events.
Seasoned Hillclimb participants appreciate Mt Gladstone as it an ‘old school’ Hillclimb, challenging but a lot of fun, in a friendly and welcoming environment.
It's a great day for all involved, come along and enjoy the Mt Gladstone Hillclimb fun!
Pure joy as you wake to the sunrise. Awe as you make it to the snowy peak. A sense of adventure as you motor across red plains. The relief of rejuvenation as you wade into an alpine stream. Connection as you taste native, fragrant leaves. A sense of belonging as you return to your favourite holiday house. Freedom as you dash into the waves. Discover the endless feelings a visit to NSW can inspire.
Destination NSW acknowledges and respects Aboriginal people as the state’s first people and nations and recognises Aboriginal people as the Traditional Owners and occupants of New South Wales land and water.

domain: travel


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Last week, Marvel Comics made official the news everyone had been expecting since last summer: with the start of a new CrossGen comics imprint, the publisher would also revive Mark Waid's mystery adventure "Ruse" with the writer back at the helm almost ten years after his initial run with the title.
And while the four-issue series which launches in March may bring excitement for readers of the previous iteration of CrossGen, the newly freelance writer was quick to recall that the story hook is open and ready for new fans to jump on board with. "It's about an arrogant, Victorian-era detective named Simon Archard, his partner, Emma Bishop, and their wild adventures debunking the supernatural," Waid said, saying "Ruse" at its core is "a steampunk Sherlock Holmes with romance, witty repartee, and a hint of magic."
Originally part of the stable of comics produced by Florida-based CrossGen Entertainment in 2001, "Ruse" was originally anchored by the team of Waid and artists Butch Guice and Mike Perkins. Despite its Victorian tone, the series took place on the planet Arcadia in the mystic-like London stand-in Partington to better match the requirements of CrossGen's "Sigilverse" concept. After a year crafting tough-to-crack cases and witty repartee for Simon and Emma, Waid left the book and the company publicly critical of how CrossGen was operating. The company eventually went bankrupt in 2004 and was bought out by Disney, the current owners of Marvel.
"The one conceit that never fit into the original series but was a necessary imposition in all the CrossGen books was that one of the leads was to have super-powers regardless of the book's genre," Waid said of the main obstacle in his original "Ruse" series. "As you can imagine, that's not terribly conducive to the high concept of 'Ruse,' and it was an element I started ignoring as soon as possible (I think with issue three) and this time have been asked to ignore from jump. Not that there won't be an edge of supernatural to the series, but 'Ruse,' in this incarnation, stars two very human detectives."
That overarching theme of keeping the best of the first series qualities in tact came from his publisher, as the writer explained that "'Don't fix what isn't broken' was one of the few requests Marvel had. Partington's still the city of record -Â though this 'Ruse' takes place firmly on Earth, not 'Arcadia,' which was basically Earth anyway."
One other dangling plot thread from the era where "Ruse" was part of a larger cosmology was the unresolved issue of a secret Emma Bishop was keeping from her eagle-eyed employer, and Waid said that when it comes to reintroducing that tit-for-tat relationships in the March series, "She is still keeping a secret from him, but it's not Sigil powers or anything that ties back into the decade-old CrossGen series." The series may also include a few other characters and elements familiar from his first 12-issue run - Â "I can't say too much without exposing the central mystery, but I do love [Archard's former partner-turned-adversary] Lightbourne," Waid teased - but nothing will come without a clean, engaging and new story hook.
In fact, when issue #1 debuts, Waid will throw his readers right back into the more fast-paced crime-solving elements of the series -Â hopefully without missing a beat. "I'm very proud of the opening, in which Simon solves a seemingly typical parlor-room murder by issuing a very bizarre decree that makes him look like either an idiot or a lunatic, and the job of the book's first scenes - as it should be with all first issues -Â is to introduce the characters and let us know what they want and how they function (or, in Simon's case, dysfunction) in the world. My first priority is to cater to new readers, but if I can bridge the gap -Â and I can't promise that I can, but I'm trying -Â I'd love to throw some Easter eggs in there for fans of the original incarnation. But Marvel's one edict, and a wise one, was to remember 'this isn't issue #27 of the first run. This is #1. Write it as such.'"
And it wouldn't be a Victorian mystery series without a baffling mystery to be solved - one which Waid feels ready to pile the period details into. "First and foremost, there's a bizarre gambling epidemic sweeping the streets of Partington. Men and women from all social classes are suddenly wagering far beyond their means on anything and everything, and it threatens to drag society to a standstill. What on Earth could cause that, and who'd be behind it? Is it the same mystery man who's stalking Simon's associates and whose identity can be deduced only by the seating arrangement of the dollies at a little girl's pretend tea party? Or is it related to the murder of an untouchable flagpole sitter who dies in broad daylight while seated ten stories above the ground with no one in striking distance?" he teased.
Though original artists Guice and Perkins will be providing covers for the series, relative newcomer Mirco Pierfederici is handling the unenviable task of following the pair who were as much a part of the comics critical success as Waid as. "Mirco's attention to detail is stunning, and he's immersing himself in the look of the era," the writer said of his new collaborator. "I love what I've seen so far, and I think he's a worthy successor to his indisputably talented forerunners."
Beyond these plans for a four-issue launch, Marvel has noted that more titles and stories may follow in their CrossGen imprint aside from "Ruse" and the other incoming relaunch title "Sigil." For his part, Waid is ready and willing to continue the adventures of Archard and Bishop should sales prove viable. "I'd like that," he said simply. "Vote with your wallets!"

domain: entertainment


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The English Patient novel wins 2018 Golden Man Booker Prize
‘The English Patient’, the wartime love story by Michael Ondaatje, has won the Golden Man Booker Prize at the closing event of the Man Booker 50 Festival in Royal Festival Hall at Southbank Centre in London on July 8, 2018. The prize was instituted to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the Man Booker prize. The English Patient is a compelling work of fiction – both poetic and philosophical. It is that rare novel which gets under your skin and insists you return to it time and again, always yielding a new surprise or delight. It moves seamlessly between the epic and the intimate – one moment you’re in looking at the vast sweep of the desert and the next moment watching a nurse place a piece of plum in a patient’s mouth. That movement is mirrored in the way your thoughts, while reading it, move between large themes – war, loyalty, love – to tiny shifts in the relationships between characters.

domain: literature


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Silverlab | Colloidal Silver Cream (75ml/120ml tube)
- Dry chapped and damaged skin
- Sun-damaged skin
- Cycling and running rash
- Athlete’s foot
- Smelly feet
- Dhobis itch
- Sun spots
- Cracked heels
- Shaving rash
- Impetigo (skin rash)
- Nappy rash
- Nipple & breast care
- Vaginal thrush
Skin lesions or the common rash are terms that describe skin characterised by one or more of the following symptoms:
- Itching, dryness
- Blistering or bleeding
The Healing cream may also serve as a moisturiser and personal lubricant, and it can be applied around the nose and lips during colds and flu.
DIRECTIONS FOR USE
For topical use only. Apply to skin directly as needed or as prescribed by your Healthcare Practitioner. Haemorrhoids (piles): Apply liberally 2 times per day. (Apply 1 ml with the tip of finger, internally & externally). If the conditions of athlete’s foot, acne, haemorrhoids or sun spots does not improve within 6 weeks, please consult your Healthcare Practitioner. Use within 30 days of opening.
Silverlab ionic⁺ Colloidal Silver Healing Cream is a white smooth cream with a pleasant natural fragrance.
ionic⁺ Colloidal Silver 18 ppm 56%, Avocado Oil 18%, White petroleum jelly, Ceto stearyl alcohol, Mineral Oil, Glyceryl stearate, Sodium laurel ether sulphate.
PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTION AND INDICATIONS
Skin problems, Dermatitis, Eczema Erythema, skin lesions or the common rash are terms that describe skin characterised by one or more of the following symptoms: inflammation, redness, swelling, itching and dryness, crusting, flaking, cracking, oozing, blistering, or bleeding.
Causes are as varied as the rashes themselves. They may be associated with allergies or asthma, Psoriasis, Impetigo, Shingles or rashes caused by childhood diseases like chickenpox, measles and scarlet fever. Some medications can cause rashes, as can insect bites and stings.
Bad bacteria may take advantage of this damaged skin and often increase the severity of the problem.
Cortisone is often used to decrease the local inflammation, swelling, burning and itching that are often associated with these skin problems.
A common side effect of using strong cortisone ointments and creams is thinning of the skin, especially when applied to skin-folds such as under the breast, the armpit, and the groin.


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Parkersburg High's students, faculty, city firefighters and police officers remembered those who died September 11, 2001 in a service Friday morning.
1992 PHS graduate Mary Lou Hague was one of the more than 3,000 people who lost their lives in the attacks on the World Trade Center. She was one floor above where a plane crashed into one of the towers.
Her mother, Liza Adams, attended the service.
Viewers with disabilities can get assistance accessing this station's FCC Public Inspection File by contacting the station with the information listed below. Questions or concerns relating to the accessibility of the FCC's online public file system should be directed to the FCC at 888-225-5322, 888-835-5322 (TTY), or email@example.com.


Mr Pickles said most taxpayers were not aware of the “sheer scale and scope” of the number of assets owned by the public sector.
Land and property owned by the public sector are worth an estimated £385bn, with almost two-thirds owned by councils, according to the DCLG.
Ministers believe that around £35bn could be saved over 10 years through “better property management”.
Mr Pickles said: “We need to know, now more than ever, exactly what assets are publicly owned.
“The general public probably have no idea of the sheer scale and scope of property and land on the public sector’s books. In many cases it goes way beyond traditional frontline services.
“I want the public sector to take a good hard look at what they own. By cataloguing each and every asset, councils can help Government find innovative new ways to utilise them, improve local services, keep council running costs down and save taxpayers’ money.”


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Yes, if your recipe uses more coffee. For example, if you’re using our recipe, and dilute 2 parts coffee to 1 part water after brewing, the actual coffee to water ratio ends up being 1 part coffee to 11 part water. Compared to how much coffee is usually used when making hot coffee - the ratio is around 1 part coffee to 16 parts water - cold brew ends up having more caffeine.
Cold water does pull out less caffeine than hot water, but because of cold brew's extended brew time, it ends up being equal to hot brew, as long as the coffee to water ratio is similar. However, since a lot of cold brew recipes are more concentrated than hot brew recipes, they sometimes contain more caffeine than other brew methods.

domain: chemistry


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New York Gov. Andrew Cuomo was on Thursday’s The Late Show With Stephen Colbert, where he discussed the recent move by many governors to start reopening their states. He is concerned because the data suggests it is a significant mistake to reopen while new cases of COVID-19 are on the rise.
“Many of the other states, the numbers are still going up and they're reopening,” said Cuomo. “That not only violates CDC guidelines, that violates common sense.” The Centers for Disease Control has provided a set of guidelines to help states prepare for reopening.
Cuomo said that New York will only rely on data to determine when and how it reopens. However, he did admit that he can relate to the other governors. “The pressure to open is tremendous,” said Cuomo. “People need a paycheck, they want to get back to work, they want to make sure they have a job. I get it.”
He warned governors of states that are starting to reopen that the short-term gains will not outweigh the long-term losses. Cuomo said, “To open and then close two weeks later or three weeks later because that infection rate goes through the roof again makes no sense.”
Cuomo suggested that governors, “Calibrate the opening and don't open until you have those numbers under control.” He added, “I think it is a mistake to respond to the emotion when you know the facts are saying something different.”
The Late Show With Stephen Colbert weeknights at 11:35 p.m. on CBS.
Watch as Gov. Andrew Cuomo calls out ‘selfish’ New Yorkers for not wearing masks:
For the latest coronavirus news and updates, follow along at https://news.yahoo.com/coronavirus. According to experts, people over 60 and those who are immunocompromised continue to be the most at risk. If you have questions, please reference the CDC’s and WHO’s resource guides.
Read more from Yahoo Entertainment:


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A 5 percent GST on under-construction properties will make a “world of difference” for the properties whose construction was in progress, says Niranjan Hiranandani, the Managing Director of Hiranandani Group. He said that the current change in rates brings clarity on input tax credit and other issues at the time of occupation.
Chetan Shah, the Chairman and Managing Director of Marathon NextGen Realty said that while the rate cut is a good move what happens from here till Apr. 1 2019 is the issue. “.. there will be people who will unnecessarily wait till March 31. they should have made this (rate cut) applicable immediately from tomorrow itself.”
Could Lead To Increased Costs
Hiranandani expected a cut in the GST on cement. “That needed to happen since cement is a big factor in infrastructure and housing.”
Costs needs to be controlled, in terms of cement and other elements that go into making a product so that the input credit, which gets lost, is actually reduced so that “true costs can be passed on by the developers,” Shah said.
Although a good news for home buyers, developers will be burdened with GST payments to vendors, suppliers, agencies and contractors, says Parth Mehta, Managing Director, Paradigm Realty.“..this will land up increasing cost further amidst the already shrinking margin in business due to dynamic policies implemented by government.” Subtracting the ITC may not be a great move for the progress of Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s ‘Housing for all by 2022’, he said.


B.C.’s next phase of in-province travel is expected this week, as provincial health officer Dr. Bonnie Henry gave advice to people preparing to take holidays within B.C. under the COVID-19 pandemic.
In her latest update, Henry reported 10 positive tests up to Saturday, six up to Sunday and 16 up to Monday, June 22. Active cases of the novel coronavirus are at 182, with 14 people in hospital. There was one additional death in the past 24 hours, the first coronavirus-related death in 10 days for B.C.
With B.C. cases remaining low, Henry said B.C. residents should expect an update from Premier John Horgan this week on the move to a third phase of B.C.’s restrictions. That is expected to include the removal of the essential-only travel advisory within the province and resorts and other tourism activities to resume.
B.C. Health Minister Adrian Dix warned that while B.C.’s infection rate remains low, just across the U.S. border is a different story. For the week up to Sunday, B.C. recorded 83 new cases and Washington state had 2,846, Dix said.
Globally, the pandemic reached a record of 183,000 new cases on Sunday, with the U.S. second to Brazil and record infection days for Oregon, California and Arizona.
Henry acknowledged that increased travel increases transmission of the virus.
“As we increase our travel, even within the province, we are going to have more cases,” Henry said.
Henry is scheduled to release the B.C. Centre for Disease Control’s latest pandemic modelling June 23, as the B.C. cabinet prepares for its decision on easing restrictions.
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A few photographs from an engagement shoot in Great Yarmouth. Looking forward to Steph and Tom’s wedding at the amazing Oxnead Hall in a few months.
We started this shoot in freezing cold rain and a strong wind. Wwe almost gave up. As we were walking away from the shoot for a cup of tea the sun showed itself and the wind died down a little. The area just lit up and looked stunning. Jonny and Mariana are such an easy couple to photograph and I cannot wait for their wedding at Heacham Church followed by a small gathering at a beautiful private house and gardens.
On Sunday morning I met with Sarah and Andrew before they travelled back down to London. Their wedding is next month and will be held in the coastal village of Heacham, so we should have the chance to head to the beach for a few photographs on the big day.
On the shoot the sun was at it’s brightest all day, so we spent most of our time in pinewoods before heading out to the beach huts.
Below are a some of my favourites from the shoot…..
Tim and I had two amazing days exhibiting our work at Cley Windmill. Thank you to everyone who visited us, it was great to meet you all and hear about your wedding plans. We look forward to photographing all the couples that have booked with us. Just before I left, I managed to grab a photograph of the sun setting behind the mill.

domain: artistic


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Russia is pursuing costly state oil and platinum projects in Africa despite an economic crisis at home, hoping they will bolster sales, including of arms, for businesses hit by Western sanctions over the conflict in Ukraine.
Moscow has mostly focused on building ties with Asia since the U.S. and European Union sanctions came into force last year, but the Africa deals signal a desire to rebuild what was a big market for its weapons and technology during the Soviet era.
The drive by government-owned industrial giant Rostec, which includes Russia's monopoly arms exporter in its vast portfolio, is complicated by the economic slowdown, which has strained government finances and forced firms to seek state support.
Lower commodity prices mean non-government Russian investors in Africa in the early 2000s have mostly pulled out, but Rostec says it is on track to build a $4-billion oil refinery in Uganda and a $3-billion platinum project in Zimbabwe.
The conglomerate, which controls hundreds of firms ranging from arms exporter Rosoboronexport to the world's top titanium producer VSMPO-Avisma, sees the projects as a door-opener in Africa, particularly to its fast-growing arms market.
“Apart from proceeds from the project itself, building the crude oil refinery [in Uganda] opens markets for products of all Rostec's companies and Russian companies as a whole,” Rostec said in a statement to Reuters.
The company and its chief executive, Sergei Chemezov, an ally of President Vladimir Putin, face sanctions over Russia's annexation of the Crimea region and Western accusations, which Moscow denies, of supplying separatists with weapons and troops.
RT Global Resources, a 100-percent owned Rostec subsidiary, won the contract to build and operate the refinery in February, raising concerns among some Ugandan opposition lawmakers about the selection of a company closely linked to Russian arms exports.
Uganda and Zimbabwe are not legally obliged to comply with the sanctions against Russia and both already have strained relations with the West.
Rostec said the project was launched in 2013, well before the introduction of sanctions, and remained interesting in economic terms despite them.
The first stage of the Uganda project will require $2 billion and the second $1.7 billion, with the peak of investments expected in 2018-19, it said.
Rostec did not comment in detail on its involvement in the platinum-mining project in Zimbabwe. Russian development bank Vnesheconombank (VEB), which is expected to provide finance for the project and is also under sanctions, only said a cooperation agreement had been signed by partners in the project.
When the platinum deal was signed in September, Zimbabwe's defense minister, Sydney Sekeramayi, said the southern African country was looking at possible weapons purchases from Russia as well.
While geopolitical rivalry with the West may play a role, Rostec may be inspired by China, which has spent years pouring investment and loans into the continent to help meet its demand for natural resources, although for Russia, markets are the key.
Rostec says it is interested in working with African countries that want to develop their defense sector.
Moscow was an active supplier of weapons to Africa before the collapse of the Soviet Union, when it lost the bulk of its market share. It is now the world's second-largest arms exporter behind the United States but sales to Africa make up a relatively small fraction of its total sales volume.
“Many countries on the African continent are traditional partners of Russia in military and technical cooperation, quite familiar with the quality of Russian weapons,” Rostec said.
Soviet weapons still used in Africa and requiring repairs could also support demand for Russian arms, it added.
In 2013-2014, Rosoboronexport signed more than 20 contracts worth more than $1.7 billion with sub-Saharan African countries, and Rostec said it intended to increase shipments to Africa in the coming years.
Currently only 2 percent of military products supplied to African countries come from Rosoboronexport, Rostec said on its website in September.
Rosoboronexport is already working with Angola, Nigeria, Mozambique, Namibia, Tanzania and Equatorial Guinea and is also looking to develop cooperation with Kenya, Rwanda, Djibouti and Ethiopia, Rostec said.
Konstantin Makiyenko, deputy head of the Center for Analysis of Strategies and Technologies (CAST), a Moscow-based security and defense think tank, said Russian firms were interested in increasing exports to Africa because the region's weapons market was growing at a very fast pace.
“Civil projects have always aided weapons exports, that's why Rostec, which covers both civil and defense sectors, may well act as a link between civil projects and weapons sales,” Makiyenko added.
Russia exported $15 billion of weapons in 2014 and has an order book worth $40 billion for weapons over the next 3-4 years, with the biggest buyers from India, China, the Middle East and Latin America.


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Nov. 17, 2014, 3:59 PM
- In the wake of Halliburton's (NYSE:HAL) $34.6B offer for Baker Hughes (NYSE:BHI), it appears the next hot sector for M&A action is energy: More consolidation is likely, given the weakness for stocks in the oilfield services subsector, low interest rates, and as a drop in demand for oil increases cutthroat pricing competition.
- Speculation is running rampant as investors try to figure out who is next in an industry that is sure to undergo some more consolidation; some names identified as possible candidates include Kodiak Oil and Gas (NYSE:KOG), Marathon Oil (NYSE:MRO), Northern Oil and Gas (NYSEMKT:NOG), Anadarko Petroleum (NYSE:APC), Pioneer Natural Resources (NYSE:PXD).
- GE could go after National Oilwell Varco (NYSE:NOV) to show it is serious about the energy industry after last year’s purchase of pumpmaker Lufkin, Royal Bank of Canada says, and Oppenheimer says even BP could be an acquisition candidate.
- But Morgan Stanley does not see offshore drillers getting in on the action, as larger players like Diamond Offshore (NYSE:DO), Transocean (NYSE:RIG) and Seadrill (NYSE:SDRL) are still addressing dividend concerns while smaller companies such as Atwood Oceanics (NYSE:ATW) and Pacific Drilling (NYSE:PACD) still trade close to replacement value.
Nov. 17, 2014, 12:58 PM
- Halliburton (HAL -9.8%) must pay a $3.5B breakup fee if its deal for Baker Hughes (BHI +10.3%) falls through, ~10% of the $34.6B deal value, far higher than the usual ~4% paid by U.S. acquirers this year, according to data compiled by Bloomberg.
- The fee could be viewed as a barometer of the regulatory risk HAL faces, but it is also a sign that HAL is confident it will successfully navigate that risk.
- Once combined, HAL and BHI would dominate the $25B U.S. market for onshore fracking, and unseat rival Schlumberger (SLB +0.6%) in several key lines of business.
- Investors may be misreading the situation, says FBN Securities' head of merger arbitrage Kathy Renck, who believes a 10% breakup fee is not out of line in a situation with known antitrust issues.
Nov. 17, 2014, 10:39 AM
- Halliburton (HAL -7.2%) and Baker Hughes (BHI +12.7%) say they have already identified several potential buyers for the businesses they may have to sell off amid antitrust issues, as the two oil services companies agree to a $34.6B deal.
- In a conference call this morning, HAL CFO Mark McCollum said the company is looking at divesting businesses with up to $7.5B in revenue, but said the company doesn’t believe the sales will hurt the financial benefits of the deal.
- CEO Dave Lesar said the deal will boost HAL’s capabilities and technology offerings in unconventional shale plays, in deepwater oil fields and in mature fields, and BHI's deepwater technology aimed at spotting oil through thick rock will help expand market share.
- The companies said they see $2B in annual cost synergies, mostly from operational improvements in North America.
Nov. 17, 2014, 9:15 AM
Nov. 14, 2014, 9:26 PM
- With merger talks stalled, and today being the deadline to nominate directors for next year, Halliburton (NYSE:HAL) has informed Baker Hughes (NYSE:BHI) of its intention to try and throw out the entire Baker Hughes board at the April 2015 annual meeting.
- Baker Hughes Chairman and CEO Martin Craighead: "Baker Hughes believes that Halliburton's various attempts at coercive tactics, instead of being willing to negotiate a reasonable value for the Company's stock and despite having stated twice that they have room to increase the value of their offer, are attempts to control both sides of a negotiation and are entirely inappropriate."
- Source: Press Release
- Previously: Report: Halliburton-Baker Hughes merger talks have stalled
Nov. 14, 2014, 5:54 PM
- Baker Hughes (NYSE:BHI) -3.3% AH and Halliburton (NYSE:HAL) -1.2% following a Bloomberg report that merger talks have stalled, as the companies haggle over price and divestiture concerns.
- HAL reportedly could make an unsolicited tender offer for BHI instead, and nominate a slate of directors to BHI’s board.
- Today is the deadline to nominate directors to BHI’s board for the company’s 2015 annual meeting, WSJ reports; nominating directors would give HAL a path to go hostile if current negotiations break down and BHI resists further discussions.
- BHI’s 13 directors are all up for election every year, meaning HAL could seize control with one fell swoop.
Nov. 14, 2014, 12:48 PM
- Oil services companies are mostly higher as Halliburton (HAL +1.7%) is indeed in talks to buy Baker Hughes (BHI +0.5%), a deal that would provide a jolt to oilfield services companies contending with falling oil prices: SLB +0.4%, OIS +1.2%, SPN +2.3%, CAM +0.2%, FTI -0.3%, NOV -0.6%.
- Sterne Agee analyst Stephen Gengaro calls a potential HAL-BHI combo a “HAL of a Frac-ing Deal," seeing several positives for HAL including strengthening its relatively weak position in artificial lift and production chemicals which are critical to enhancing HAL’s mature field strategy, enabling it to leverage its unparalleled U.S. pressure pumping logistics chain to enhance the efficiency of BHI’s operations, and providing the opportunity for significant cost savings which likely would total $600M-$750M or more.
- While antitrust concerns could force some divestitures, Gengaro does not believe it would prevent a deal from happening.
- Other potentially attractive M&A targets among oil services companies could include Dril-Quip (DRQ +0.7%), Frank’s International (FI +2.6%) and Oceaneering (OII -0.2%), Simmons & Co. says.
Nov. 13, 2014, 6:56 PM
- Baker Hughes (NYSE:BHI) confirms it has engaged in preliminary talks with Halliburton (NYSE:HAL) about a potential business combination and will offer no further comment.
- A merger could provide HAL with a "significant advantage in gaining global share, expanding margins and competing" against Schlumberger (NYSE:SLB), UBS analysts say, but digesting such a large acquisition could take two years or more and be a distraction to HAL.
- A combination of the second and third largest listed oil services groups by market cap likely would draw scrutiny from U.S. regulators, but the biggest obstacle to a deal might come from its E&P customers worried about the potential for higher prices at a time of falling crude oil prices.
- Also, doing a deal as oil continues to slide should make it a tough sell to BHI shareholders: Why sell amid such turmoil?
- BHI +16.3%, HAL +1.3% AH.
Nov. 13, 2014, 5:39 PM
- Anadarko Petroleum (NYSE:APC) has suspended some operations in Colorado after a Halliburton (NYSE:HAL) worker was killed and two others were seriously injured at an APC well site in the Wattenberg oil and gas field.
- The workers were trying to heat a high-pressure water line that had frozen in record-breaking cold conditions, when it ruptured.
Nov. 13, 2014, 3:50 PM
- Baker Hughes (BHI +17.9%) resumes trading after a volatility trading halt following a WSJ report that Halliburton (HAL +4.8%) is in talks to buy the oilfield services company.
- Talks are moving quickly, and an agreement could be reached soon, according to the report.
- The price being discussed is not known, but a deal would be one of the largest in the energy sector in recent years.
Nov. 13, 2014, 3:20 PM
- U.S. crude oil prices break below $75/bbl for the first time in more than three years, brushing aside an IEA report showing a surprise 1.735M barrel inventory drawdown as well as remarks by the Saudi oil minister dismissing talk of an oil price war among producers.
- West Texas crude settled today at $74.21/bbl, -3.9% and breaking below an important support level; during the past three years, futures have tested but not broken through that level three times.
- Brent crude recently was trading below $78, -3%.
- Global oil majors are all lower: COP -1.9%, BP -1.4%, CVX -1.4%, XOM -1.1%, TOT -0.9%, RDS.A -0.7%.
- Oil services companies and offshore drillers suffer even sharper drops: SDRL -4.4%, SLB -4.2%, HAL -3.9%, BHI -3.9%, RIG -3.8%, DO -3.5%, NBL -2.9%.
- ETFs: USO, XLE, OIL, UCO, ERX, VDE, OIH, SCO, XOP, ERY, DIG, BNO, UGA, DTO, DBO, DUG, XES, IYE, IEO, CRUD, IXC, IEZ, PXE, USL, UWTI, IPW, FENY, PXJ, UHN, DWTI, DNO, RYE, FXN, SZO, GNAT, OLO, DDG, FILL, OLEM, TWTI
Nov. 10, 2014, 11:45 AM
- A new research report from Jefferies discusses four oil services stocks which it sees having huge potential upside, even as oil prices have taken a beating.
- Jefferies believes Schlumberger (NYSE:SLB) could be poised for years of solid growth despite the recent trend in oil pricing, and thinks the company will continue to drive margins on execution, technologies and efficiencies.
- Halliburton (NYSE:HAL) leads industry peers with North American margins of 18.2% and a plan to increase its allocation for its operations in North America.
- Baker Hughes (NYSE:BHI), which reported solid numbers for the quarter although some analysts were disappointed by margin guidance, while C&J Energy (NYSE:CJES) reported a very impressive earnings beat last week.
- The firm expects stock price increases of more than 40% for each of its selections.
Nov. 4, 2014, 2:10 PM
- Halliburton (HAL -4.8%) CEO Dave Lesar is the latest oil executive to say he is not particularly worried about falling oil prices, expecting them to climb next year.
- Lesar says the downward pressure on prices is mostly due to an oversupply, and he believes that will quickly prove self-correcting, especially when it comes to U.S. shale production.
- Unlike with conventional oil, shale wells peter out quickly and companies depend on constant new drilling to maintain production levels; lower prices will discourage new drilling, quickly removing the glut in crude supplies, Lesar says.
Oct. 28, 2014, 11:32 AM
- U.S. energy company CEOs remain confident they can still make money in a world of $80 crude oil prices, according to a Bloomberg report.
- The industry is used to price swings, Halliburton (NYSE:HAL) CEO David Lesar tells Bloomberg; if crude floats at $80-$100, "that’s a range that the service industry and our customers can easily live within."
- “We think there’s a lot of economic oil at $75... meaning we earn 15%, 16%, 17% returns,” Occidental (NYSE:OXY) CEO Stephen Chazen said during OXY's earnings conference call last week.
- Harold Hamm of Continental Resources (NYSE:CLR) even says prices could fall to $50/bbl before he would start worrying, and tells CNBC that his company has not yet altered any drilling schedules in response to the drop in crude prices.
- Some of the best operators can profit at low prices because they’re learning how to drill wells more efficiently and getting more production at lower costs; SM Energy (NYSE:SM) is getting 40% more production for a 10% increase in the cost of each well, and Carrizo Oil & Gas (NASDAQ:CRZO) has nearly doubled its cash flow/bbl from two years ago.
Oct. 27, 2014, 8:55 AM
- Goldman Sachs lowers its ratings on the oil services sector (NYSEARCA:OIH) to Cautious from Attractive and downgrades several specific stocks as it cuts its 2015 oil price forecast.
- U.S. land activity will suffer the biggest impact of the lower price deck, Goldman says, with customer capital spending expected to decline 6% next year vs. its prior outlook for a 9% increase; as a result, the firm now forecasts the horizontal U.S. rig count to fall 7%, or ~200 rigs, over the next 12 months.
- Goldman downgrades Parsley Energy (PE -3.8% premarket), Diamond Offshore (DO -1.5%), Laredo Petroleum (LPI -9%) and Basic Energy Services (BAS -6.2%) to Sell with sharply lower price targets; Patterson-UTI (NASDAQ:PTEN), Pioneer Energy (NYSE:PES) and Emerge Energy (NYSE:EMES) are cut to Neutral.
- The firm adds Oceaneering (OII -0.3%) to its Conviction Buy list; it also removes Halliburton (HAL -1.5%) from the list but maintains its Buy rating on the stock.
Oct. 24, 2014, 8:28 AM
- Upgrading the stock to a Buy from Neutral, Citi says HAL's opportunity for share gains in North America is not reflected in the stock price.
- The stock's bounced nearly 10% over the past few sessions, but remains lower by about 25% over the last three months. Alongside an earnings beat earlier this week, Halliburton chief Dave Lesar said the company has seen no drilling slowdown despite what he expects will be a short-lived fall in oil prices.
- Shares +1% premarket
HAL vs. ETF Alternatives
Other News & PR

domain: finance


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Food for Soulful Lovers
Chef Malcolm is the owner and lead chef of Soulfully Exquisite Catering. Starting out as “a taste of class catering” in 2015, Soulfully Exquisite has evolved into a major household name. Offering everything from delectable southern delicacies to international cuisines, Soulfully Exquisite exudes versatility in the culinary world.
Chef Malcolm completed his studies , graduating with honors from Lecole Culinary School In 2015. In his spare time, Malcolm enjoys cooking for his siblings and spending quality time with his family. These days, you can pretty much find Chef in or around the kitchen creating masterpieces that are sure to leave your palate begging for more.
Follow us on Instagram @soulfullyexquisitebymj

domain: food


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Because we would like you to have the best time back to school, our nutrition experts suggest you integrate these 5 tips into your daily life.
1. We eat raw, fresh and organic foods to fill up on vitality.
The September displays are full of delicious fruits and vegetables (zucchini, celery, eggplant, beets, carrots, plums of all kinds) color your plates and stock up on vitamins and minerals to ensure good immunity before winter. We also ensure a quality protein intake at least twice a day (eggs, sardines, mackerel, turkey, etc.); these foods have an important role for the proper functioning of your cells and the synthesis of neurotransmitters responsible for motivation and the regulation of your mood.
2. We move by varying endurance sports, bodybuilding, swimming, yoga…
Have fun and enjoy moving and exercising. The body in motion creates more energy and the endorphins released after exercise are beneficial, especially since this state of calm lasts for at least 12 hours after a sports session. (1)
3. We practice cardiac coherence to manage stress
Cardiac coherence helps regulate stress , emotions and improve the quality of sleep . During periods of stress , it is possible that overactivation of the sympathetic nervous system (that of wakefulness) prevents the body from going into sleep mode through the release of hormones creating a state of hypervigilance (2). Cardiac coherence is a simple and easy-to-implement breathing technique to relax you. We inhale for 10 seconds then exhale for 10 seconds for 5 minutes. Every day, but especially when you want it! Expand your stomach when inhaling and pull it in when exhaling. There are mobile applications that help put it into practice.
4. We remain optimistic
Recent scientific studies have shown that optimism reduces cardiovascular risk. It would also help strengthen immunity . And marvelously, it would increase life expectancy! So smile, life is beautiful :) (3)
5. We take our vitamins
September is the perfect month to boost your immunity before winter and review your eating habits. Alongside a healthy lifestyle, you might need a little boost to brave the approaching winter and be in shape all year round. Don't miss the article on the 5 tips to boost your immunity .
Happy back to school!
Come and answer our questionnaire to find out what your body needs and so that we can provide you with your personalized solution.
(3) Optimism is associated with exceptional longevity in 2 epidemiologic cohorts of men and women Lewina O. Lee, Peter James, Emily S. Zevon, Eric S. Kim, Claudia Trudel-Fitzgerald, Avron Spiro III, Francine Grodstein, and Laura D .KubzanskyAugust 26, 2019
These tips are intended to improve your well-being and in no case replace medical follow-up or a consultation with your naturopath.

domain: health


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Jake Emen went to Drexel, home of the Dragons using awesome logo and perennial NCAA Tournament-going basketball program. Like a Michigan fan I am definitely a little jealous of the latter headline.
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domain: hobby


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We're Moatboat, a San Francisco based company focused on using technology to augment human creativity and thought. We're building a creation engine that lets you create using your voice and hands in augmented reality and virtual reality.
Our interest is creative thinking.
To create is human. The modern world is filled with amazing things that were thought up, built, and improved by humans. We're creative beings with the ability to believe in impossible things, and the desire to bring our ideas to life.
Our ideas brought to life allow us to achieve the extraordinary. We can make each other laugh, solve tough problems, draw attention to situations, unravel the distant past, consider possible futures, and build better lives.
We believe in the potential of AR
AR/VR is the first computing platform for experience rather than information. It's one step on a long path towards a more dynamic reality. Over time, a new medium will emerge. People will be able to express thoughts as tangible experiences that can be shared, considered, and changed.
By experiencing and playing with each other's imaginations and mental models inside shared spaces, it becomes possible to create, think, and communicate in entirely new ways.
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We're tech optimists. We're contributing to a future where humans and machines are working together to positively augment each other.
By combining technologies like AR/VR, natural language processing, simulations, networking, and machine learning, we’re empowering everyone to instantly create and communicate thoughts in a shared reality.


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The IOM Handbook on Direct Assistance for Victims of Trafficking
IOM has had some 13 years of experience in implementing counter-trafficking activities. This Handbook summarizes and systematizes this experience. IOM recognizes that each victim is unique and requires and desires different assistance. As well, the nature of trafficking is different around the world and is ever evolving, requiring changing responses. Therefore, this Handbook is not meant to provide a single methodology for the provision of assistance to victims of trafficking, but to offer suggestions and guidance, based on IOM’s many years of experience.

domain: sociology


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Sunday October 6, 2013
UAB: Garrick McGee has promoted Jimmy Williams to defensive coordinator. Reggie Johnson remains on staff and will continue to coach the outside linebackers. Williams was coaching the inside linebackers / assistant head coach.
Miami (OH): Head coach Don Treadwell, as well as offensive coordinator John Klacik, have both been dismissed. Sources tell us that quarterbacks/receivers coach Mike Bath will take over as interim head coach. We also hear that Taylor Housewright will join the staff (former quarterback who played under Bath at Ashland).
Saturday October 5, 2013
College Football Playoff: Former Stanford, Notre Dame and Washington head coach Tyrone Willingham and former USA Today reporter Steve Wieberg will join the College Football Playoff selection committee according to Brett McMurphy. Willingham will be the first coach to join the committee. Update: McMurphy also reports former Nebraska coach/athletics director Tom Osborne will also join the committee.
|Friday October 4, 2013||presented by:|
Northwestern: The Wildcats have announced a $10 million endowment for the athletics director position, to be named after Chris and Courtney Combe. Jim Phillips has been Northwestern's AD since April of 2008.
|Thursday October 3, 2013||presented by:|
Playoff Selection Committee: The AP is reporting that Pat Haden (USC/Pac-12), Jeff Long (Arkansas/SEC), Dan Radakovich (Clemson/ACC), Barry Alvarez (Wisconsin/Big Ten) and Oliver Luck (West Virginia/Big-12) will be members of the selection committee. Does it really matter who is on the committee?
FAU: Armando Murillo has joined the staff as on campus recruiting coordinator / director of player personnel. Murillo played at Nebraska when Carl was there serving as defensive coordinator.
USC: Fox Sports is reporting that, after letting Lane Kiffin go, the school offered to bring former Cal head coach Jeff Tedford on as a consultant and recruiter. According to the report, Tedford declined the offer and is focused on finding his next full-time position. Following practice today Ed Orgeron confirmed he offered a position to Tedford and that Jeff declined.
Livingstone College (D-II - NC): Sources tell us defensive line coach Rodney Simmons has left the staff for personal reasons and will not return.
Dirk Koetter: The Atlanta Falcon's Offensive Coordinator reveals only to X&O Labs why he considers Four Verticals a horizontal concept; how the "Stop" route by Outside Receivers can be more productive than the "Comeback"; how you should vary routes for your Single Back to make him the most effective receiver in the package; and other details he's never told about his offense. Click here to read the exclusive Dirk Koetter interview.
Chattanooga (FCS - TN): Chattanooga has an opening for a home game on 9/6/14. Looking for an FCS, or DII Game. Willing to do a Home and Home. For more information Please contact Senior Associate AD Matt Pope via email at Matthew-Pope@utc.edu or phone at 423-425-2158.
|Wednesday October 2, 2013||presented by:|
Toledo: The school has announced a five-year contract extension for athletics director Mike O'Brien, keeping him at Toledo through July 2021. O'Brien is due a $36,000 pay bump, pushing him to $245,000 a year and pushes him to sixth among MAC athletics directors.
Texas: TCU athletics director Chris Del Conte told the Austin American-Statesman's Kirk Bohls he would have "no interest" in the Longhorns' AD opening. "I believe I have the best job in the country," Del Conte added.

domain: sports


400,000 ‘can quit CSA aid’
UP to 400,000 divorced parents should not be relying on the state to sort out their child maintenance, the Government will say today.
Almost a fifth of all Child Support Agency cases involve parents who share the day-to-day care of their kids.
Families Minister Maria Miller believes these amicable couples do not need a go-between that drains taxpayers’ cash.
Instead the 391,000 parents should arrange their own payments between themselves. She said: “A system which by default pushes families down an expensive statutory route is not good for children, families or society.
“It takes responsibility away from parents and causes hostility.”
Ministers are reforming the current system which costs £460million a year and leaves 1.5million kids with inadequate support. They plan to introduce an up-front charge of £20 to arrange maintenance payments.


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Interesting facts about fat
February 21, 2012 | In: Food facts
It is well known that if your diet consists only in cheeseburgers and hot dogs, you’ll probably end up fat in just a few weeks. We know that being fat isn’t a pleasant thing.
But in fact, the human body needs fat to survive. A diet fat free will probably kill us in a matter of weeks. With that out of the picture, let’s talk about good and bad things about fat. I have to tell you that I’ve been fascinated by all the good things fat brings with it.
Fats transport oxygen to every cell in our body, and they are the basis for every hormone, brain, and nervous system function.
Fats are the chemically active part of our cell membranes. Without them, nothing works.
All fats are a mixture. The good fats contain small amounts of bad fat, and the bad fats contain small amounts of good fat.
With the wrong fats, you eat up to 6 times more in order to get the right fats.
The right fats protect you from cancer. The wrong fats allow it, in part because they compromise the integrity of the cell membrane.
Saturated fat is not all that good, but its not particularly bad, either. At least your body knows how to burn it for energy.
The bad fats result from high-heat commercial processing. They include trans fats, cross-linked fatty acids, double-bond shifted fatty acids, and dozens of other compounds that do not occur in nature.
Bad cell membrane function underlies insulin resistance and diabetes.
The cholesterol molecule is too big to be absorbed. Your body manufactures its own supply. It does so to shore up the structural integrity of weakened cell membranes.
Sources of bad fats include refined oils, partially hydrogenated oils, shortening, and commercially deep-fried foods.
Millions of years of evolution have left us unprepared to deal with these fats. Our body is unable to recognize them and deal with them. So they take the place of good fats in our cell membranes.
Because vegetable oil is chemically active, it is harmed the most by heat. Saturated fat is not much harmed by heating!
Sources of good fats come from fish, egg yolks, nuts, seeds, olives, durians, and unrefined oils from the health food store.
Even “cold pressed” oil can be heated before pressing, pumped full of caustic soda to remove the chemically active compounds, boiled to remove the caustic soda, and then steam distilled to remove the smell. Make sure your oils are unrefined. Extra-Virgin oils are also good. They escape the worst of it.
Here’s a small list of tips and tricks that will probably make your life a little healthier:
- Bottled unrefined oils spoil more quickly. But they’re good for you.
- Olive oil and sesame oil keep at room temperature.
- High omega-3 oils stay liquid in the freezer.
- Dip bread in unrefined oil. Use with vinegar for a salad dressing. Add to soup just before serving. Mix 1Tbs in a glass of water for “milk”.
You don’t want to cook with unrefined oils because they smoke really quickly.
For cooking, use butter, coconut oil, and other naturally saturated oils that aren’t harmed by heat. Butter, in particular, is a short-chain saturated fat that your body burns easily.