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Immunization with 60kD Ro leads to a diversified immune response to several lupus autoantigens
Systemic lupus erythematosus is an autoimmune disorder characterized by the production of antibodies to ribonucleoproteins, including 60kD Ro (SS-A), La (SS-B), and 52kD Ro. Spliceosomal proteins, such as Sm and nRNP are also common targets of lupus autoimmune responses. We have immunized New Zealand White rabbits with purified bovine 60kD Ro in order to study the mechanism by which these antibodies arise. Rabbits so immunized not only developed antibodies to the immunogen, but also to other self proteins commonly recognized by lupus patients. Antibodies to nRNP are detected by ELISA and confirmed by Western Blot analysis. Antibodies to Sm are also present in these 60kD Ro immunized rabbits as detected by ELISA. These findings have also been confirmed by solid-phase peptide synthesis immunoassay. Rabbits immunized with 60kD Ro mount a diversified immune response to the overlapping octapeptides of the spliceosomal proteins. Antibodies like these are not found in sham immunized animals. Anti-nuclear antibodies and anti-native DNA are also present as measured by immunofluorescense. These results provide an interesting model of epitope spreading by immunizing with a single ribonucleoprotein which then induces production of antibodies to other important self proteins. This model may assist in the evaluation of the mechanism of epitope spreading in SLE.
Davis, AL; McClain, MT; Gross, TF; Harley, JB; James, JA
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domain: biology


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Chris Ellmore has joined Moat as our new Director of Corporate Finance. He joins us from Southern Housing Group, where he was Head of Treasury for almost five years.
Chris will be leading our corporate function and mapping out our strategic approach to treasury. He’ll also be updating and maintaining our long-term financial plan to ensure Moat continues to be financially strong while we maximise investment in our new and existing homes.
Chris said: “I am excited to join Moat; I hope my skills and experience in treasury and financial planning will help to further support the strong financial growth of the organisation.”

domain: news


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Summary: The church of Laodecia teaches us that letting Jesus in means letting Him take over. A mere profession of faith in Christ without a change in lifestyle is not enough.
Today our journey is completed. We have arrived at our final stopping point; we will hear the final word of God to the seven churches of the book of Revelation.
You know, it seems highly appropriate to me that we make this momentous arrival at the time when the attention of Christians everywhere is focused on the great sacrifice of the Son of God. Though we recognise that this Easter Weekend as it is celebrated is not the actual time of Christ’s death, burial and resurrection, yet we have opportunity this weekend to call to mind in a unique way the events through which our Saviour passed that we might become heirs to eternal life. It is at this time of year that for many, a deeper understanding of just what He went through for you and for me is gained – a deeper recognition of our wretched and sinful state, which drove Him to make such a sacrifice – and it is at this time that a commitment to Christ is made, renewed, or strengthened. As with the message of Easter, so the message to the Church of Laodicea is one that serves to remind us, even this morning, of our true condition, as well as to direct our attention the only true Cure, the only true Deliverer, the one and only Saviour.
And so I invite you, to meet this Saviour anew today, as we turn this morning to the third chapter of Revelation, to begin reading at verse 14 (read vv. 14-22)….
If we were to compare the seven churches of Revelation with the seven corresponding eras of the Christian church, we would find that the message of the church of Laodicea is the message that pertains prophetically to our time in history. According to Scripture, it is this age in which we are now living, which is the age of spiritual Laodicea. It should come as no surprise, then, that though many of us may not have read the letter to Laodicea before, yet the words are still very familiar. The rebuke of Jesus against lukewarmness is a common cry today, shouted against the church from both pew and pulpit. And of course, who hasn’t heard the famous appeal, “Behold, I stand at the door and knock”? In fact, as I read the passage just now, I am sure that many of you stopped paying attention because your mind already knew many of the words and simply filled in the rest. It’s a message that we have become familiar with – perhaps too familiar.
And yet as we read the letter to Laodicea, we discover that the Spirit of the churches is calling us this morning – calling us to do more than just recite the message from memory, to do more than just repeat the catch phrases we have gleaned. This morning, the Spirit of God is calling on us to dig deeper, to hear the message – not to just let the words go in one ear and out the other, but to stop and deeply reflect on what this message is calling us to. So instead of tuning out, let us lay aside what we think this letter is saying, wake up our spiritual sensitivities, and tune in to the word God is actually declaring to us today.
Our Lord begins His letter with the words, “I know your works”. In any letter, it is often the first sentence that will set the tone of the message being given. It is often the first few words spoken that reveal what is of greatest importance to the writer’s heart. And here we see that God’s primary concern is with what? – with our works! Of all the ways God could have begun this letter – of all the things He could have expressed over which He takes greatest issue with His church, we discover that it is our works – what we are doing – that are of utmost importance to Him. In fact, as you look over the letters to the churches, you will find that five of the seven letters begin with the words, “I know your works”.
This is a sobering testimony, and it stands in stark contrast with the mindset of many a modern Christian. “We are living in the age of grace” is the herald of many contemporary churches; “our works are no longer important; just confess that Jesus is Lord, and you are saved” they say. The commonly accepted theory for too many Christians is “once saved, always saved”, and it has wreaked havoc on the cause of Christ. They will tell you that to make a profession of faith is enough; that to be baptised is sufficient, and that further works are unnecessary. To the once-saved, always-saved subscribers, the good works do no more to merit the kingdom of heaven than the evil works do to keep you out. I know a young woman who told me once that it doesn’t matter that she smokes and drinks and lives with her boyfriend; she professes that Jesus is Lord, and so she’s still saved.

domain: literature


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It usually takes three to four days for your body to go into ketosis because you have to use up your body's stores of glucose, i.e., sugar first, Keatley says. Any major diet change can give you some, uh, issues, and Keatley says he often sees patients who complain of IBS-like symptoms and feeling wiped out at the beginning of the diet. (The tiredness happens because you have less access to carbs, which give you quick energy, he explains.)
For endurance athletes, the transition to a ketogenic diet may reduce recovery time after training, but for casual exercisers, the transition to the ketogenic diet may make sticking with your fitness routine a challenge at first. (10) If you feel your energy levels drop too much when starting the ketogenic diet, slow down your reduction of carbohydrates, making sure to do it over time rather than all at once.
Note: Are you a vegetarian or vegan and want to go on a ketogenic diet? It’s still possible! Just keep in mind that the dietary restrictions can sometimes be a little bit intense. Make sure to plan ahead and prepare to aid your success. To help out, we’ve published articles (with 7 day meal plans included) for both the vegetarian ketogenic diet and the vegan ketogenic diet.
Those issues can be part of what's known as the “keto flu,” Warren says. Other side effects of the keto diet, all of which are tied to carb withdrawal, can include lightheadedness, nausea, mental fog, cramps, and headaches, in addition to tiredness. Luckily, the keto flu doesn't usually last more than a week—which is coincidentally about when people start to see the number on the scale go down, says Warren.
• Cancer: Early experimental research suggests that the keto diet may have anti-tumor effects, likely because it reduces overall calorie intake (and circulating glucose) for tumor growth. In one 2014 review of animal research, a ketogenic diet was found to be successful at reducing tumor growth, colon cancer, gastric cancer and brain cancer. More research on humans with larger sample sizes is needed, but it's definitely food for thought.
“A lot of folks find that batch cooking once or twice a week saves a tremendous amount of time and keeps you from spending every evening in the kitchen,” Weaver says. “When keto meal planning, you want to follow general good meal planning practices, like shopping for the week’s food all at once, which helps to save money, and prepping your vegetables when you get home. These 10 keto recipes are so good you’ll forget you’re on a diet.
A ketogenic diet helps control blood sugar levels. It is excellent for managing type 2 diabetes, sometimes even leading to complete reversal of the disease. This has been proven in studies. It makes perfect sense since keto lowers blood-sugar levels, reduces the need of medications and reduces the potentially negative impact of high insulin levels.
Y. Wady Aude, MD; Arthur S. Agatston, MD; Francisco Lopez-Jimenez, MD, MSc; Eric H. Lieberman, MD; Marie Almon, MS, RD; Melinda Hansen, ARNP; Gerardo Rojas, MD; Gervasio A. Lamas, MD; Charles H. Hennekens, MD, DrPH, “The National Cholesterol Education Program Diet vs a Diet Lower in Carbohydrates and Higher in Protein and Monounsaturated Fat,” Arch Intern Med. 2004;164(19):2141-2146. http://archinte.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=217514.
5) By now you should know both where you are and where you want to be. Those are the first steps. Now it’s time to start planning your meals. You can use these food lists to help you figure out what kinds of foods you should be eating. Remember this is not a diet plan that has an end date. This is a lifestyle change that you will pass on to your children.
A: The most common ways to track your carbs is through MyFitnessPal and their mobile app. You cannot track net carbs on the app, although you can track your total carb intake and your total fiber intake. To get your net carbs, just subtract your total fiber intake from your total carb intake. I have written an article on How to Track Carbs on MyFitnessPal.
“This diet has changed my life. I always find it too easy to cheat because healthy foods are just awful, or so I thought. Once I read the Keto Fit Diet recipes my mouth was watering and I couldn’t wait to get started making these meals. They are delicious, my friends and family would never know I’m on a diet if it weren’t for the 35 lbs I’ve lost in the last 3 months.”
[i] Hussein M Dashti, MD PhD FICS FACS, Thazhumpal C Mathew, MSc PhD FRCPath, Talib Hussein, MB ChB, Sami K Asfar, MB ChB MD FRCSEd FACS, Abdulla Behbahani, MB ChB FRCS FACSI PhD FICS FACS, Mousa A Khoursheed, MB ChB FRCS FICS, Hilal M Al-Sayer, MD PhD FICS FACS, Yousef Y Bo-Abbas, MD FRCPC, and Naji S Al-Zaid, BSc PhD. "Long-term effects of a ketogenic diet in obese patients"
I will admit to appeal to authority here. This was said by the professor of the course I mentioned in my previous post, but it was also confirmed by many of my classmates, whom, at this point(for reasons, which are too tedious and long winded to extrapolate on atm), I consider smart enough to know their business, that I choose to believe them. All of them. If nothing else, the professor himself is,well… authority on his field.
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Medical Disclaimer: The material on this site is provided for informational purposes only and is not medical advice. Always consult your physician before beginning any diet or exercise program.
Copyright © freeonlinedietreviews.com

domain: health


As the debate over competing at the US Open continues after the withdrawal of the world No 1 Ashleigh Barty, Andy Murray said the breaking of Covid-19 rules is inevitable and punishments should be severe for players who pierce the Flushing Meadows bubble.
“I think the majority of players will [respect the bubble] but it would be silly to expect nobody would break the rules and the protocols,” he said. “In the NBA, which I think will be a similarish setup for us, players have broken it so we should be preparing for that and that is where it is really important. I think the repercussions should be quite serious because you end up putting the whole tour and event at risk.”
This has been a topic of interest because the sport’s governing bodies appear hesitant to enforce severe punishments. The ATP’s recently updated rulebook for events stresses that “any repetitive or blatant break of [Covid-19] measures may be considered a violation of the code of conduct”, which would trigger a fine of up to $20,000 (£15,000).
The US Open chief executive, Stacey Allaster, previously avoided discussing punishments altogether by stressing the personal responsibility of players: “I have a lot of confidence in these professional athletes,” she said.
Murray is planning to book his flights to New York where he will compete at the relocated Western & Southern Open before the US Open. He rejected the notion that the other players’ decisions could have some bearing on his choices. “Everyone will have different feelings on it. We are all individuals,” he said.
“I will have apprehensions about getting there and getting on flights for the first time in months. It is a difficult one because you don’t know when the right time to start travelling would be, who do you listen to? Do you trust everything the government is telling you all the time? Probably not. You need to make your own decision and I trust that the USTA will have come up with a secure bubble for the players.”
The source of motivation for moving past his apprehensions seems clear. Murray has not competed since November after further problems with his hip forced him to miss the first two months of the season which was then suspended as he prepared to return. If he is healthy, it is hard to believe he would willingly spend more time at home.
In the Battle of the Brits team competition, Kyle Edmund avenged his earlier loss to Dan Evans with a 6-3 6-4 win, while Heather Watson continued to rediscover her form with a dominant 6-1 6-0 victory over Maia Lumsden. British Bulldogs, headed by Edmund and Johanna Konta, currently lead 38-32 against Union Jacks, which boasts Evans, Watson and Murray.


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This briefing paper provides statistics on the size of the gender pay gap in the UK, looks at some of the reasons why the gender pay gap arises and discusses the duty on large employers to report on the size of the gender pay gap in their workforce.Jump to full report >>
The gender pay gap measures the difference between average hourly earnings of men and women.
Among full-time employees, women tend to be paid less per hour than men, while the opposite is true for part-time employees. Median hourly pay for full-time employees was 9.1% less for women than for men at April 2017, while median hourly pay for part-time employees was 5.1% higher for women than for men (figures exclude overtime pay). The median is the point at which half of people earn more and half earn less.
However, a much higher share of women than men are employed part-time and part-time workers tend to earn less per hour than those working full-time. Consequently, when we look at the gender pay gap for all employees, it is considerably larger than the full-time or part-time pay gaps: on this basis, median pay was 18.4% higher for men than for women at April 2017.
Broadly speaking there has been a downwards trend in the full-time pay gap since 1997 and the overall pay gap has also decreased over the period. The part-time pay gap has widened since the early 2000s, with women earning more than men.
Differences in average pay for men and women arises for various reasons, including the types of jobs that people do and the number of years they have spent in the workplace.
There is little difference in median hourly pay for men and women aged in their 20s and 30s, but a large gap emerges between men and women aged 40 and over working full-time. One reason for this is that factors affecting women’s employment and earnings opportunities become more evident among women aged in their 30s and 40s. For example, time spent out of the labour market to care for children or elderly relatives could affect future earnings when a person returns to work. Similarly, the need to balance work with family commitments and the availability of flexible working practices may restrict individuals’ employment options. Generational effects, including differences in average education levels and the occupational profile of younger and older workers, may also form part of the explanation.
The gender pay gap also arises to some extent because women are more likely than men to be working in occupations that attract lower levels of pay, an effect often referred to as “occupational segregation”. Around 59% of female employees, both full-time and part-time, were working in occupations where average pay was less than the overall median (£12.44 per hour) compared to 45% of male employees at April-June 2017. Nevertheless, even if there was no such occupational segregation, pay differences within occupations would still lead to an overall gender pay gap.
From 2017/18, public and private sector employers with 250 or more employees are required to publish data on the gender pay gap within their organisation. This duty is imposed by regulations made under section 78 (private sector employers) and section 149 (public sector employers) of the Equality Act 2010.
Although the Coalition Government had previously decided in favour of a voluntary approach to gender pay gap reporting, an Opposition amendment to the Bill that became the Small Business, Enterprise and Employment Act 2015 required the Government to use the power in section 78 of the Equality Act to make regulations obliging private companies to report on their gender pay gap. The Government ran a number of consultations on mandatory gender pay gap reporting in 2015 and 2016 (including on extending the reporting obligations to the public sector) and the relevant regulations came into force in March and April 2017.

domain: sociology


text:
Approval of Budget Amendments FYE 2020
The Village of Pleasantville
RESOLUTIONS:Res. No. 2020-95 Approval of MinutesRes. No. 2020-96 Approval of Budget Amendments FYE 2020Res. No. 2020-97 Approval of Payment of C
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domain: politics


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U.S. agribusiness eyes the aquaculture and pet food sectors
U.S.-based agribusiness Scoular on Tuesday celebrated the opening of a new facility in Idaho that will produce a concentrated barley protein for aquaculture feeds.
The company says Emerge™ is a first-of-its-kind product that can help meet growing demand for plant-based, sustainable ingredients for the aquaculture and pet food sectors. Emerge is created through a patent-pending process that concentrates the protein naturally found in whole barley kernels, creating a nutrient-dense ingredient.
“Scoular is proud to develop this innovative feed product and partner with Idaho’s barley farmers and pet food and aquafeed manufacturers to add value throughout the supply chain,” said Scoular CEO Paul Maass in a statement. “Scoular has a long history of success with our Jerome, Idaho, teams and customers, and we are thrilled to make additional investments in this region.”
“Idaho is the top-producing barley state in the U.S., growing 37 percent of the nation’s crop in 2021,” Laura Wilder, executive director of the Idaho Barley Commission, who attended a ribbon-cutting ceremony in Jerome. “Scoular’s new facility will bring expanded opportunities for growers, further strengthening Idaho’s place as the No. 1 source of consistent, high-quality barley in the U.S.”
Emerge is both traceable and non-GMO, the company added in a press release. The facility is expected to begin commercial production next month.
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Montana firm putting barley on the alternative feed ingredient menu
Aquafeed manufacturers around the world seeking alternatives to fishmeal may soon be able to turn to an abundant and underutilized crop: barley.
Antinutritional factors limit use of plant feedstuffs
Antinutritional factors within plant feedstuffs is a major factor that limits plant use at high dietary inclusion levels in aquafeeds.
Innovation & Investment
Aquafeed opportunity attracts pioneers from fields afar
As business leaders switch focus from biofuels and energy to food security, one convert dubs the aquafeed opportunity a needed “redeployment” of knowledge.
Aquaculture Exchange: Rick Barrows
After 14 years with the USDA’s Agricultural Research Service, Rick Barrows talks about the importance of finding ‘complete’ and commercially viable alternative sources of omega-3 fatty acids and continuing innovation in the aquafeed sector.

domain: food


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YEREVAN, January 14. /ARKA/. Sergey Minasyan, chief of the Caucasus Institute’s division in charge of political studies, finds a new wave of rallies in Armenia unlikely.
Speaking Tuesday at a news conference, he said that opposition parties are unlikely to stage street protests in a bid to bring their struggle outside of the parliament.
He added that although it is possible to involve people in street protests against political and social problems, but this will produce little effect on political or social things in the country.
The expert said that opposition or partially opposition parties are unable to guide the current public disaffection for the authorities, and civil activists are trying to assume this role. -0----


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The single-cell gel electrophoresis technique or comet assay is widely regarded as a quick and reliable method of analysing DNA damage in individual cells. It has a proven track record from the fields of biomonitoring to nutritional studies. The assay operates by subjecting cells that are fixed in agarose to high salt and detergent lysis, thus removing all the cellular content except the DNA. By relaxing the DNA in an alkaline buffer, strands containing breaks are released from supercoiling. Upon electrophoresis, these strands are pulled out into the agarose, forming a tail which, when stained with a fluorescent dye, can be analysed by fluorescence microscopy. The intensity of this tail reflects the amount of DNA damage sustained. Despite being such an established and widely used assay, there are still many aspects of the comet assay which are not fully understood. The present review looks at how the comet assay is being used, and highlights some of its limitations. The protocol itself varies among laboratories, so results from similar studies may vary. Given such discrepancies, it would be attractive to break the assay into components to generate a mathematical model to investigate specific parameters.
- comet assay
- computer simulation
- HeLa cell
- mathematical model
- systematic random sampling
The single-cell gel electrophoresis assay has been used for over 20 years to assess DNA damage. The assay is able to measure both single- and double-strand breaks with versatility and sensitivity . It has been used successfully over the years in key areas from human nutrition to biomonitoring [2,3]. In a typical assay, cells are fixed in agarose on a frosted slide and lysed to remove cellular proteins, leaving a cavity containing DNA with sufficient salt (2.5 M NaCl) and detergent to disrupt and remove membranes, histones and soluble cell constituents . The DNA is then left to unwind in a buffer solution before being electrophoresed to pull the negatively charged, extended and relaxed loops containing strand breaks out of the cavity, forming the tail . Intact DNA remains in the head and supercoiled. Comets are visualized using an intercalating dye such as ethidium bromide or DAPI (4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole), which binds in the minor groove, and is normally analysed using comet-specific software .
The comet technique has been adapted over the years into different protocols such as the alkaline and neutral versions which were thought to discriminate between double- and single-strand breaks. This theory was revealed by Collins et al.  at the most recent International Comet Assay conference to be a misconception as alkaline conditions are not specific to detecting single-strand breaks.
FISH (fluorescent in situ hybridization) techniques were also adapted for application to the comet where the DNA probe can be hybridized to a specific gene sequence or even to a whole chromosome [5,6]. Comet-FISH has been used to study areas as diverse as hypomethylation in human colonic cells and region-specific repair in bladder carcinoma cells [7,8]. Recent developments with whole-chromosome paints allowed Rapp et al.  to examine UV-A breakage sensitivity by hybridizing probe to chromosomes 1, 2, 3, 8, 9, 11, 14, 18, 19, 21, X and Y. They were able to show that the numbers of chromatin strand breaks were indifferent to chromosome size .
Other such modifications include the BrdUrd (bromodeoxyuridine) comet, a technique of pulse labelling replicating DNA with BrdUrd, a thymidine analogue. McGlynn et al.  utilized such a technique to create a novel biomarker for colon carcinogenesis. The comet assay with specific modifications is also able to detect the subtle damages caused by oxidative stress and the protective effects of dietary components . This modification to the assay uses the lesion-specific endonucleases FPG (formamidopyrimidine glycosylase) and EndoIII (endonuclease III) to introduce strand breaks at the site of oxidative damage. Collins et al.  have discussed the increased sensitivity and specificity of this assay, which they used to measure the level of oxidative damage in lymphocyte DNA of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients.
The comet assay has moved over the years from being the main focus of an investigation to now being an analytical tool where pertinent results are gleaned from larger investigations. Such a move has merely heightened its reputation as a quick, simple and cheap method of analysis compared with other DNA-damage-investigation tools. Although its rise across differing fields has leant to a broader understanding of the assay, it has also elaborated on the need for standardizations in the technique. It is often used as a quick-fire detection method and Collins  states that “it is sometimes used without too much thought regarding how it works and the information it provides”.
The fact that large numbers of individual cells from different tissues can be analysed is a strong advantage of the assay . As data are collected at an individual cell level, the comet assay gives a measure of the heterogeneity in a sample. Compared with other types of DNA-damage-measuring techniques, it is relatively cheap and easy to use, with analysis, using alkaline lysis, being completed within the day. A strong area for the comet assay is that of human investigatory studies as very small numbers of cells are required (<10000), the cells require no prelabelling with radioactivity and cells used can be non-invasive, e.g. lymphocytes .
Human lymphocytes have been commonplace in comet investigations over the years in human biomonitoring studies, as it is recognized that they traverse the circulatory system and offer a general overview on the health of the individual. Keretetse et al.  have used the comet assay to detect DNA damage and repair in lymphocytes from African petrol attendants from VOCs (volatile organic compounds). Wasson et al.  have summarized the impact that the comet assay using lymphocytes has had on the field of human nutrition and cancer.
HeLa cells, an immortal cervical cancer cell line, have long been used as the test bed in comet assay investigations [14–16], due to their longevity, ease of growth in culture and because of their wide use in other scientific investigations. The comet assay has also been carried out on plant cells, e.g. Gichner et al. [17,18] testing the alkaline comet assay on tobacco root and leaf seedlings for DNA damage by cadmium and DNA staining with fluorochromes, and Jiang et al.  using Spirodela polyrhiza to analyse DNA damage induced by UV radiation.
One of the limitations of the comet assay may be its ability to detect very low or very high levels of DNA damage. Olive and Durand  talk about the concerns of using the comet to measure low levels of damage as detecting the ‘signal’ may be awkward. They also discuss the fact that, at such low levels of damage, the fragments and breaks would be of such a size that they would be hard to migrate out of the cavity into the agarose. There can also be problems detecting very high levels of damage as the comet tail length tends to reach a plateau at higher levels of damage and the percentage comet tail parameter also appears to become ‘saturated’. That is not to say that the comet is not a sensitive tool, as its ability to detect a wide range of DNA damage has been demonstrated [21,22], In fact it has been shown to be capable of detecting X-ray damage in the range 0.05–10 Gy [23,24]. However, modification of parameters such as unwinding and electrophoresis time may be necessary to allow for more rounded results.
There are different aspects to the comet assay technique that singularly all contribute to the overall result. Solution molarity, pH and the use of protein digests all make subtle differences to the outcome. Even more intrinsic are the wash times, unwinding times and electrophoresis times, which are all big contributors to the scoring values obtained by visual or computational analysis. Forchhammer et al.  discuss the difference caused by different alkaline unwinding and electrophoresis times on visual scoring of comets, with their results displaying variation in the DNA damage detected between investigators. In order for the comet assay to be fully accepted by the wider scientific community, there must be tighter restraints on the protocols used. McKenna et al.  discuss the relevance of standardized procedures as the comet assay strives for acceptance in cancer diagnostics, with Taube et al.  suggesting criteria for acceptance as needing to be robust and reproducible, so the assay should have the confidence of the community and be of value to the patient. Guidelines are being developed by the OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) for the alkaline version of the comet assay, and a validation study of the in vivo comet is being planned by the Mammalian Mutagenesis Study Group (MMS), which will help standardize the assay and gain greater acceptance .
Certain areas of the comet protocol are open to selection bias. The fact that the investigator chooses a fixed number of comets to analyse at an area of their choice increases the likelihood of bias and therefore increases the variability between multiple users. We have investigated a method of analysis that can be used to remove user bias, while at the same time offering better user reproducibility by incorporating a method of SRS (systematic random sampling) into comet analysis [27a]. We demonstrated that the SRS method of analysis led to an increase in the precision of estimates of DNA damage. This area of analysis has been noted by Forchhammer et al.  where their results suggested that inter-investigator difference in scoring is a strong determinant of DNA damage levels in comet assay work. McKenna et al.  have discussed the effect this variability of result has had on the comet assay's ability to be used as a standard analytical tool in clinical laboratories, stating that there remains doubts about its reliability, reproducibility and validity. They added that the comet assay will not be used in the management of cancer until these problems are addressed.
A recent paper by Lovell and Omori  has focused on the statistical design of the comet assays protocol in order to address some of the problems arising from collection and interpretation of data. In 1999, Lovell et al.  published a paper on the issues related to experimental design and statistical analysis of comet data in order to provide a template of analysis, stating that the experimental unit is the sample rather than the cell.
Choice of cell line may also be a very important determinant in comet assay sensitivity. Some cells are more radiosensitive than others. Moneef et al.  looked at the radiosensitivity of six bladder cancer cell lines and showed variability in the cells that were damaged. Radioresistant cell lines also demonstrated greater repair capacity and they concluded that the alkaline comet assay is a good predictor of bladder cancer cell radiosensitivity .
Delincée et al.  showed that certain plant cells perform better as indicators of damage to irradiation treatment than others, with some needing modifications of technique in lysis times in order to better separate the DNA.
Lymphocytes have been used in comet assay experiments for human nutrition and biomonitoring studies as they are easily obtained and highly specialized. They are limited, however, by their tendency to phenotypic variation and may not be suitable to detect organ-specific levels of damage .
In our opinion, one of the main limitations of the comet methodology is the lack of understanding of the underlying mechanisms of comet formation and how strongly the comet shape reflects the DNA damage that has occurred. The current thinking on how a comet is formed is that lysis (particularly when combined with a protease digestion step) removes the majority of the cell components, including the nuclear matrix, but the DNA remains supercoiled. Where a single-strand break occurs, this supercoiling is allowed to relax, and when an electrophoretic current is applied, this loop of supercoiled DNA is pulled out into the comet tail . In this theory, the DNA in the tail remains attached to that in the head which explains the phenomena which is generally observed when tail length fails to increase further after a certain amount of damage. However, the appearance of the comet tail is more like a collection of fragments, which led to another theory that the tail was made up of unattached DNA fragments. This is unlikely as it would require breaks to occur quite close together to generate fragments.
Comet assay simulation
Using statistical and computational methods, we believe that a simulation of the comet assay would ascertain important information about DNA damage at a cellular level as well as about the fundamental basis of the comet assay while offering impartial judgement and reproducibility. Information is available on some aspects of comet structure in published literature as well as information on cellular structure and damaging agents [31–34]. With new techniques both computationally and experimentally, it has become possible to examine intrinsic information on comet structure. Information is also available via novel or existing laboratory techniques and also through microscopic techniques to examine architecture.
Code has been generated to create a simulated comet that will imitate the shape of the nucleus, whether it has damaged or undamaged DNA. The initial creation of a virtual comet required data on chromatin loop size and chromosome lengths in base pairs . The authors have developed a rudimentary three-dimensional model of the comet, with virtual attachment points based on loop size and location (Figures 1 and 2) .
This model simulation in the future could then be used to ask important questions on aspects of comet formation. For instance, it could be used to test the loop versus fragment theories on comet formation or to answer the question as to what size of loops are likely to be involved. It should allow for simulations based on hypothetical situations that may not be feasible in a laboratory environment and allow for a better understanding of cellular architecture.
The comet assay is a quick and simple method of analysing DNA damage on single cells. Its versatility has seen the technique gain wider acceptance across multiple fields as a useful tool. In the present review, we have noted some of the limitations of the assay, which are being addressed by the comet community in a bid to achieve a wider acceptance. Standardized, unbiased and statistically reliable methods are being developed to make the comet assay more acceptable to the wider scientific community and to offer reproducible results. It is our opinion that advancements in computational modelling and the abundance of literary information available could be used to address some of the issues surrounding the comet assay and help drive our understanding of the technique.
This work was supported in part by a Ph.D. bursary from the Department of Education and Learning Northern Ireland.
Genome Instability and Cancer: Biochemical Society Irish Area Section Focused Meeting held at National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland, 4 December 2008. Organized and Edited by Michael Carty (National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland).
Abbreviations: BrdUrd, bromodeoxyuridine; FISH, fluorescent in situ hybridization; SRS, systematic random sampling
- © The Authors Journal compilation © 2009 Biochemical Society

domain: chemistry


text:
LONDON, Ontario -- For some of the Flyers’ veterans, it will be a long weekend.
Because of concern for injury with so many preseason games - the Flyers will play 8 exhibition games, at least two more than any other team in the Atlantic division - Flyers coach Peter Laviolette has decided to send just a handful of veterans to London tonight for a preseason clash with the Toronto Maple Leafs.
The team has yet to arrive in London (as of 3:00 pm EST) for tonight’s 7 o’clock start at the John Labatt Centre. The game will be broadcast on NHL Network (Comcast channel 858 in HD or 739 in SD).
After the game, the team will load up onto the charter again and head back to Philadelphia before a new batch of players fly directly to Toronto tomorrow afternoon (just 100 miles from London) for a rematch with the Leafs at Air Canada Centre.
It’s likely the Flyers will dress just a few more players than the NHL required minimum of 8 veterans for a preseason game.
Here’s what we do know, with some of the info coming from Tim McManus of the Glens Falls Post-Star:
Brian Boucher will start in goal and play two periods before likely being replaced by Sergei Bobrovsky. This is Boucher’s season debut. Bobrovsky stopped 6 shots in regulation and overtime against New Jersey on Tuesday and stoned three of four Devils in the shootout.
On defense, Marc-Andre Bourdon, Joonas Lehtivuori and Logan Stephenson are slated to make their preseason debuts with three Flyers veterans yet to be named. Bourdon is the most interesting character in the group. In the Flyers’ rookie scrimmage with the Capitals last week in Washington, Bourdon seemed to be head-and-shoulders above other rookies. His poise and patience with the puck were unmistakable.
As for the forwards, Mike Testwuide, Ben Holmstrom, Andrew Rowe, Jon Kalinski and Greg Moore are scheduled to be in the lineup. Holmstrom was impressive on Tuesday. Kalinski has some decent NHL experience and this isn’t Moore’s first trip around the block, having played 10 career NHL games. It will be interesting to see Testwuide, the player with the most fan-fare so far, performs.
I’d expect hometown boy Jeff Carter to be in the lineup. Tryout Bill Guerin said he is making the trip North and Danny Briere said he will not be skating tonight.
For a look at the Maple Leafs lineup tonight - who are 1-1-0 through two preseason matchups with the Senators - head over to James Mirtle's Leafs blog at the Globe and Mail.
As always, we will keep you posted right here and on Twitter at http://twitter.com/DNFlyers.


text:
SUBWAY Sandwich Artist Salvador Rodriguez, a weight-training enthusiast from Florence, Arizona, is the new Sub Jammers Champion, taking first place in a field of about 138 Sandwich Artists from around the world at the brand’s annual Convention in Orlando, Florida, recently.
Already the fastest and friendliest workers in the Quick Service Restaurant (QSR) industry, the Sub Jammers are judged on speed, sandwich appearance, content distribution and formula accuracy. Sandwich Artists taking part in the Sub Jammers competition won regional events leading up to the championship round at the annual Convention.
Salvador, who won with a score of 51.15, has been with SUBWAY for 13 years and said he loves helping customers. The scoring is based on the time in seconds to make a sandwich with points added for discrepancies.
The next challenge for Salvador will be to join a large team of his fellow Sandwich Artists, as well as Famous Fan Justin Tuck of the New York Giants and other special guests, in New York City on August 15 to set the Guinness World Record for most sandwiches made at one time!
Joe Chaves, Director of Operations for SUBWAY, said the brand enjoys the opportunity to highlight the Sandwich Artists – who he called the “cornerstone of the SUBWAY experience” – and showcase their sandwich making talents.
“This is certainly one of the most exciting highlights of our annual convention,” said Joe. “And allows us to say ‘Thanks’ for all the hard work the Sandwich Artists do to provide a positive dining experience and outstanding customer care for every customer that walks into a SUBWAY restaurant. It is also fun to see Sandwich Artists from around the world come together and make new friends while competing to see who can make the best sandwich in the quickest amount of time!”
Salvador dethroned Bryon Shea, of Neenah, Wisconsin, who won the competition in 2011 and 2009. Bryon, who has been in the SUBWAY system for 11 years and manages two SUBWAY restaurants, finished second this year with a score of 51.6. Overall, Bryon, who is an avid biker and walker, has finished first, second or third in each of the past six years.
For winning the competition, which was sponsored by Schreiber Foods and Ventura Foods, LLC, Salvador was presented with a check for $3,000. Bryon took home the $2,000 second place prize while Jenni Chapman, of Galesville, Wisconsin, received $1,000 for her third place finish with a score of 52.12.
Jenni, who is a volleyball fanatic who has been in the SUBWAY system for 16 years, said the competition was serious – but fun, especially the opportunity to meet with Sandwich Artists from eight other countries.
The next 10 finishers were:
4- Sharon Hall of Waco, Texas, a Bingo! buff and two-time Sub Jammer champion who still holds the record for making a sandwich in a blazing-quick time of 38.6 seconds; 5- Lilli Phonphakwaen of Stuttgart, Germany, whose hobby is shopping and dancing; 6- Renee Bell of Kansas City, Missouri, whose hobby is anything athletic; 7- Jackie Adams of Killeen, Texas, whose hobby is gardening; 8- Stephanie Wagner of Blue Ridge, Virginia, whose hobbies are reading and traveling; 9- Ashley Knight of Queensland, Australia, whose hobbies are racing BMX and mountain bikes; 10- Lisa Mulligan of Gainesville, Florida, whose hobby is going to the beach; 11- Ashley Lewis, of Pittsburg, Kansas, whose hobby is softball; 12- Ryan Pedersen ofLewiston, Idaho, whose hobby is basketball; and 13- Missina Sharp of Carl Junction, Missouri, whose hobby is couponing.
About SUBWAY Restaurants
SUBWAY chain was co-founded by Fred DeLuca and Dr. Peter Buck in 1965. Their partnership, which continues today, marked the beginning of a remarkable journey – one that has made it possible for thousands of individuals to build and succeed in their own business. In the 2011 Zagat Fast Food Survey, for the third year in a row, the SUBWAY brand was ranked “number one” by consumers in the “Most Popular,” “Top Service” and “Healthy Options” categories for food brands with 5,000 or more locations. For more information about the SUBWAY chain, visit www.subway.com
© 2012, JunkFoodNews.net. All rights reserved. All content copyrighted or used with permission. This content may not be distributed, modified, reproduced in whole or in part without prior permission from JunkFoodNews.net.Please note that some products and special offers may no longer be available. We continue to display these articles as examples of advertising that has been used by the fast food industry over the years. Contact your local restaurant or retail store to check current price and availability.

domain: hobby


text:
When your mission is to create the infrastructure on which the whole of Europe can build open banking services, finding enough tech talent is a challenge. It’s why we opened our new tech hub in Warsaw, Poland to put extra fuel in the tank.
With the full effect of PSD2 a mere months away, the race to offer market coverage for open banking services across Europe is on. And the result is clear. Having a first-mover advantage when PSD2 comes into force is essential – whether you’re providing the tech that financial institutions can build services upon or you’re building new digital banking services to better serve consumers.
We saw the need for new engineering talent rising, as we tried to expand our Stockholm team fast enough to keep up with our ambitions to connect all of Europe. But we knew that tapping into another pool of talent was the best way to plug a future gap.
Poland has become a hub for tech talent and innovation in recent years, with tech behemoths like Google making landfall there. Warsaw is also home to a well-known tech university and a vibrant startup scene, so we knew the quality of talent was there.
For us, this isn’t an exercise in lowering costs or outsourcing the boring stuff. We are setting up a fully fledged engineering arm of Tink, where engineers have autonomy and responsibility for an entire piece of the process. Their expertise makes Tink stronger.
By the end of the year, we expect the team to be 40-strong. And we plan to double it in 2020.
The problem our Warsaw engineering team will solve is far from simple. We are currently live in 10 markets across Europe with the ambition of covering Europe in its entirety – and then going beyond it.
The questions for us centred on how to continue building the systems that create seamless integration with banks when the number of organisations we support grows to 30,000 or more. How do we best navigate thousands of different systems and information cycles, and how can we adapt our approach to each one?
The aim is consistently accessing every system so we can retrieve real-time data successfully, and push ourselves to be better all the time.
Ultimately, their powers will combine with that of our Stockholm team to keep laying the rails across Europe – the foundation for any open banking initiative.
The global financial super app Revolut has entered into a strategic partnership with Tink to offer its European customers seamless payment solutions powered by open banking.
Find out how PostNord Strålfors – the largest distributor of invoices in the Nordics – is transforming how invoices are paid. (Spoiler alert: it has to do with their new partnership with Tink.)
An Post, Irish postal service provider, is partnering with Tink to give its customers the power to better manage their money. Using Tink’s open banking technology, An Post’s Money Manager app helps users improve their finances.


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Plane Nearly Hits Boat During Boat Race
Three fishermen in Argentina got quite the fright when a low-flying airplane nearly took out their boat!
The fishermen were in a speedboat during a local fishing festival, at Fiesta del Surubi, recording a journey with a phone and a selfie stick.
Then, from out of nowhere, a plane appears only feet away from the boat and swerves away - avoiding an almost certain collision.


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Is the Solid map option usable only in case the solid volume between the two meshed surfaces does not contain any voids , like bolt holes ? in the case of contrary what can be the mesh strategy to mesh a volume that has some holes that pass through the body ?


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I knew there was something missing from the Benghazi story, something fundamental that had thus far escaped my attention. Not that the questions being asked by the hundreds of Special Forces guys aren’t important. I, too, want to know why–if this is accurate–we didn’t have military forces ready to move in. I, too, want to know why the top political figures–the president and the secretaries of state and defense (Obama, Hillary and Panetta)–were so clearly disinclined to take action. That whole phony charade about the “video” bespeaks an effort to get the world to focus on the wrong thing. The blatant, almost compulsive lack of a sense of urgency upsets me no end. OK. But I was still trying to understand what had happened, and I wasn’t making great progress. I needed help. And so, as I often do in such circumstances, I dragged out the ouija board, checked the wiring and the batteries, and switched it on. Amazingly, it worked immediately, and I was once again talking to the lively spirit of James Jesus Angleton, who once upon a time headed up CIA counterintelligence.
ML: “Wow, it worked first time.”
JJA: “Lucky me. I was napping.” (Sound of Zippo lighter clicking shut).
ML: “I’m sorry! What time is it there?”
JJA: “We don’t have time here, it’s eternal, you know.”
I tried to think of something witty to say, but it didn’t work.
JJA: “That whole night and day thing, it doesn’t apply. Darkness and light were separated on earth, after all…”
ML: “Right. Part of creation.”
JJA: “Exactly. So what’s on your mind?”
ML: “Benghazi. It doesn’t parse, somehow.”
JJA: “What’s the problem? Just begin at the beginning, you’ll get it…”
ML: “What’s the beginning? When the attack starts? When Ambassador Stevens asks for better security? With one of the intelligence reports or warnings? When?”
JJA: “That’s all scene-setting. It begins with Stevens going to Benghazi.”
ML: “Okay, he goes to Benghazi, where he’d been many times before.”
JJA: .”..many times before. Why?”
ML: “Well there’s a widely repeated theory that he was organizing clandestine arms shipments from Libya to the Syrian opposition forces, but I don’t believe it.”
JJA: “No, no, go back further. Before they made him ambassador. The whole Libya thing, the overthrow of Qaddafi. The Libyan opposition was based in Benghazi, right? We intervened to save the people in Benghazi, right?”
ML: “Yeah, so what?”
JJA: “Stevens was a key intermediary during that period, wasn’t he? He sneaked into Benghazi on a Greek cargo ship and established contact with the anti-Qaddafi forces.”
ML: “He was a hero to the post-Qadaffi rulers. They loved him in Benghazi.”
JJA: “Well said!”
ML: “What did I say?”
JJA: “You said they loved him.”
ML: “Did I say the magic word? Is Groucho going to give me a hundred dollars?”
JJA: “I didn’t realize you were that old” (coughs, chuckles, coughs again). “Yes, the magic word is ‘love’ and according to my sources, it’s the key to the operation.”
ML: “Okay, I want to hear more about that, obviously, but first tell me about your sources.”
JJA: “We’ve had quite a number of Special Forces personnel arrive here recently, and they have a theory that sounds plausible to me.”
ML: “Which is?”
JJA: “That Stevens was lured to Benghazi by his lover, or one of his lovers, with whom he’d first been involved back in 2011.”
ML: “Hah! I’ve always wondered about his apparent rush to get to Benghazi. I think he flew to Tripoli from Europe, and then went straight through to Benghazi, didn’t he? I had thought that showed he was working on some urgent project.”
JJA: “I agree with you about his mission. He, and that whole team at what is often called a CIA facility, were trying to get control of weapons that had been under Qaddafi’s control, and were moving all over the region. They were trying to stop this movement of very dangerous weapons, including MANPADS. We didn’t want terrorists with accurate anti-aircraft missiles, or, for that matter, guns and ammunition. And by the way, that ‘facility’ wasn’t just for the Agency, it included people from Special Forces, NSA, the whole crowd…”
ML: “Yeah, I’m pretty sure he wasn’t involved in smuggling weapons to the anti-Assad crowd in Syria.” I’m also very sure that he was a terrific ambassador, one of our very best, and that his assassination was a terrible loss.
JJA: “We agree. All the more reason to look carefully at his murder. But go back to the beginning. If a lover convinced Stevens to rush to Benghazi, then it might have been a set-up, what we used to call a honey pot trap.”
ML: “Wow. If the lover was in cahoots with the killers…”
JJA: “There you go. If so, they knew when he was coming, and could organize the assault with confidence.”
ML: “Wow again. I’ve never seen anything like that in print.”
JJA: “Of course not. The journalists were busily echoing that nonsense about some video, remember?”
ML: “Do I ever. Hillary even told Stevens’ parents that the USG would make sure the poor slob who made the video would be punished.”
JJA: “Last time I looked, he was still in prison in California.”
ML: “Wait a minute. The video story had a certain plausibility, there were riots in other places, like Cairo, right? So the tumult in Benghazi ‘fit’ in that context.”
JJA: “Indeed. If you organize an assassination you want to deceive your enemies, you don’t want them looking too carefully at your question–why did Stevens go to Benghazi?–and so you provide them with a very different kind of explanation, namely that it was just one of several ‘spontaneous protests’ by the Arab Street.”
All of a sudden there was a very loud crackling sound coming from the ouija board.
ML: “Wait another minute.” More static. Very loud. A wisp of smoke from the ouija board. “You’re saying that this thing was bigger than just a hostile operation in Benghazi, you’re saying…”
JJA: “I’m just giving you things to think about. It’s possible to look at this as if it were a very slick, highly professional operation, beginning to end. Our enemies always want to strike at us, and Stevens was so effective, and so widely admired in Libya, that they might have worked very hard to organize an attack against him.”
I was worried about the connection now..
“The honey pot trap, the big-time deception…(sounded like lightning or something) professional intelligence service might be capable…”
And he was gone; the damn ouija board was snafu. So it’s gonna be a while til I get it up and running again.
Also read: Too Weird To Be True: ‘Green Sex’


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As we warned heading into the Brexit vote, it appeared that many human investors had quite a bit of misplaced confidence in the Remain vote, and it ultimately turned out that we were right. It also turns out that the algos have traded the event better than humans as well.
Despite the polls indicating a Remain vote heading into Brexit, which led many investors to bet on what could perhaps be considered a preferred outcome, algos weren't reflecting that "projection bias" and continued to signal buy in more risk-off assets such as the yen, gold and government bonds the WSJ reports.
Yves Balcer, co-founder of Fort LP, a model-driven investment firm with about $2 billion in AUM, expected Britain to vote for remaining in the EU, however Balcer's trading model was just focused on the global economic environment, and thus the firm continued to buy assets such as the yen and government bonds which ultimately benefited from the Brexit vote. "We didn't change anything ahead of Brexit" Balcer said. As a result, both of the firm's portfolios were up more than 3% on Friday.
Equity hedge funds fell 2.1% on Friday alone according to data from Chicago-based Hedge Fund Research, and the losers generally appear to be funds too heavily weighted toward cyclical stocks such as airlines or financials.
One macro fund run by H20 Asset Management was hammered on Friday, losing 14.4% according to Bloomberg.
As a reminder of what happened following Brexit to those who were positioned in riskier assets, the Euro STOXX 50 experienced its largest 1-day drop ever
And the Sterling experienced a 12 sigma move
As for EU bank stocks, we will just leave this chart here...
CTAs on the other hand, who use customized trading algorithms in order to spot trends and place trades were blocking out the Brexit noise and favoring government bonds, gold, and yen, while avoiding riskier assets. The result is that many algos actually made money after the Brexit results came in. "Our models aren't going to be affected by the same sentiments a human would be" said Lara Magnusen, portfolio strategist for Altegris's main fund, which gained 4% on Friday - Altegris stuck with gold and yen bets.
Quantitative Investment Management, a computer-driven firm based in Charlottesville, Virginia gained 3.6% on Friday according to Bloomberg.
While the algorithm driven funds were doing their thing, many large hedge funds turned to Harvard historian Niall Ferguson for his private views. Ferguson has been consulting with hedge funds and other investors on political projections since 2007 said that he has had a "reasonably high success rate". On June 9, Ferguson predicted a 65% chance that voters would elect to remain in the EU, on June 14 Ferguson lowered the chances to 55%, and immediately before the vote Ferguson gave the Remain vote a 50% chance - said otherwise, he was paid to let hedge funds know that the vote could go either way, what is the ROI on that? If funds chose to invest in risky assets due to that, we're sure not very good.
Not everyone chose to make a bet on the outcome however. Steve Cohen told his traders at his $11 billion firm to avoid making any kind of wager related to Brexit - advice many undoubtedly wish they received earlier.
One final note, as we pointed out this morning, while the initial panic may be behind us, the impact of the referendum is far from over.


text:
By Augustine Oduor
Nairobi, Kenya: Chief Justice Willy Mutunga has finally sworn in Nairobi School Principal Cleophas Tirop to be a Commissioner with Teachers Service Commission.
This is after a protracted court battle that saw two other persons recommended for employment as commissioners locked out.
The two, Fredrick Haga Ochieng and Adan Sheikh Abdullahi, will now have to wait longer to be Commissioners at the teacher employer.
The High Court had nullified the appointment of the three Commissioners even after Parliament cleared the names.
This was also after the House rejected the initial list sent to Parliament terming it a dangerous precedent that did not reflect merit.
Among those interviewed for the position of chairperson were the Commission’s director of policy at the ministry of education, Kirago wa Magochi and Simon Kavisi both of TSC.
After interviews, conducted by educationist James Kamunge, Lydia Nzomo who is the director of Kenya Institute of Curriculum Development was top but her name was missing in the final list presented to the House.
Tirop who is also the national chairman of the Kenya Secondary School Heads Association (KESSHA) had emerged tops in the commissioners’ category but his name was omitted in the final list.
Consequently, teachers unions weighed in demanding regional balance and merit be factored in the appointment of the commissioners.
MPs insisted that merit prevail and returned the names back to the office of the president.
Last month, Mutunga declined to swear in the three officials following what the termed an ‘unclear ruling’ that noted that “status quo” be maintained.
The case at the high court was challenging the overall process of recruitment of the three officials including the chairperson.
Justice David Majanja ruled that the submission of a list that contained the names of persons rejected by the National Assembly “did not constitute ‘fresh nominations.’
Only Tirop’s name was a fresh nomination as his name was not in the initial list rejected by MPs last year.
In his ruling, Justice Majanja argued that the move violated Section 8(II) of the TSC Act. He said that the educationist James Kamunge, who chaired the selection panel, had a role of picking the names afresh from candidates who were interviewed.
And to this extend, he noted that the selection process must take note of gender, regional representation and merit.
The regions whose representation was needed are North Eastern, Nyanza and Rift Valley.
With Tirop now representing Rift Valley the other regions may be represented in another round of interviews set for May or June when the term of the remaining five Commissioners expire.
Under the new constitution, TSC should have nine Commissioners.


text:
Respondent agrees to $30,000 fine plus costs after admitting "know the product" failures
Investors Group employee invested in funds with ill-suited time horizon and objectives
Advisor says fees are open to abuse and people are taking advantage of investor ignorance
Portfolio manager reflects on the impact Young Gun of the Year honour has had on his business
Industry giant undergoes transformation and CEO says high-net-worth clients on the rise
Portfolio manager on grafting in his 20s, providing value and the challenges of fee compression
Portfolio manager Kevin Hegedus tells WP how and why he is shifting weight in portfolios
Whether they want to sell their business or pass it on, owners need an expert eye to avoid common pitfalls
Jordy Chilcott of Sun Life Global Investments is part of this year's Wealth Professional Canada's Hot List.
Paul Desmaris Jr. of Power Corporation of Canada is part of this year's Wealth Professional Canada's Hot List.

domain: economics


text:
A patient after her hospitalization thought that a detailed medical report is part of her personal data which have been collected by the hospital and for that reason claimed that the she shall receive the medical report under the veil of GDPR. The Cypriot Office of the Commissioner for Personal Data Protection disagreed.
According to the hospital’s policy on discharges procedure, the patient receives only an attestation form and a digital copy of MRI scans. The complainant was hospitalized for several days back in 2016. In September 2019 she asked for her full medical report for which the hospital has asked her to pay administrative fees.
Furthermore, some days after the discharge from the hospital, her employer has fired her. She thought that the firing was on the ground of the health incident, and the only possible source to her employer was the very same hospital’s employee.
The main part of the decisions dealing the question of whether the article 15 activate in advance any “ex-ante right” of the data-subject to access his or her personal data and/or information, even when these data have not prepared, drafted and/or assembled yet.
With regard to the leak of the complainant’s health information, the Cypriot Office of the Commissioner for Personal Data Protection has not been convinced for the substance of relevant complaints. It appears that a complainant for any allegation shall provide some evidence compatible with a minimum burden and standard of proof. Nevertheless, Cypriot DPA has not specified the bottom level of the required proof furthermore.
Regarding the primary concern, Cypriot DPA started her reasoning with the fact that the state health rules command a health facility prepare a medical report only upon request from the patient and only if (s)he pays the regulated fee. Hence, before the patient’s request, the desired information and data did not exist at all. That means the right of access, as the GDPR describes, it is entirely incompatible under such circumstances.
Secondary allegation from the complainant was her belief that the medical report has been lost by negligence of the hospital’s employees. Cypriot Commissioner for Personal Data Protection was satisfied with the security measures which the health facility adopts, while had considered not only these measures of that sort was mentioned as the part of the defence reply. On the contrary, Cypriot Commissioner for PDP also considered all measures, which already have been brought to commissioner’s notice by previous DPA’s initiative enquiries and activities.
Article 15 of GDPR | Article 32(1)(b) οf GDPR | Article 32(1)(d) of GDPR | Article 32(4) of GDPR
This case summary was first published on GDPRHub

domain: law


text:
U.S. patent law
The United States previously used a first-to-invent patent system, unlike most other countries in the world. Invention in the United States is generally defined to comprise two steps: (1) conception of the invention and (2) reduction to practice of the invention. When an inventor conceives of an invention and diligently reduces the invention to practice (by filing a patent application, by practicing the invention, etc.), the inventor's date of invention will be the date of conception. Thus, provided that an inventor is diligent in actually reducing an application to practice, he or she will be the first inventor and the inventor entitled to a patent, even if another files a patent application, constructively reducing the invention to practice, before the inventor.
However, the first applicant to file has the prima facie right to the grant of a patent. Should a second patent application be filed for the same invention, the second applicant can institute interference proceedings to determine who was the first inventor (as discussed in the preceding paragraph) and thereby who is entitled to the grant of a patent.
However, the America Invents Act, signed by Barack Obama on September 16, 2011, switched the U.S. patent system from a "first-to-invent" system to a "first-inventor-to-file" system for patent applications filed on or after March 16, 2013.


text:
See the Football Manager 2014 Engine
Miles Jacobson has narrated a video which shows off the game engine which powers Football Manager 2014. The new version features over 1000 improvements and enhancements, which is impressive as FM2013 had over 800 on the version before that!
In addition to enhanced gameplay, FM 2014 also delivers a range of technical innovations, with the game available on Linux for the first time and the introduction of ‘cloud save’ technology, which means that managers can now pursue a single career from any computer, anywhere in the world.
The FM experience is also more customisable than ever before, as the integration of Steam Workshop tools make it easy for managers to create and share customised FM content and experiences such as photo/logo packs, new and custom competitions and even tailor-made in-game challenges using the new Challenge Editor which has been incorporated into the free-to-download Pre-game Editor.
Significant changes include:
- An improved 3D Match Engine
- A tactical overhaul
- More realistic transfers and contracts
- More sophisticated board interaction
- More complex interaction between staff, players and rival managers
- A revamped news system
- An enhanced user interface
- Evolution for Classic mode
- Additional community features
- Extensive tech improvements

domain: game


TAURUS INTERNATIONAL Raging Judge 45LC/410 Ultra Lite
All rise for the biggest, meanest Judge on the market. The Taurus Raging Judge Ultra-Lite now comes with the option to load seven rounds of .410 3-inch magnum or 2.5-inch shotshells and .45 Colt ammunition, all in the same revolver. The Raging Judge Ultra-Lite features the Raging Bull Backstrap to reduce felt recoil, exclusive Taurus Ultra-Lite frame that cuts down on heft, Taurus Security System, and a highly visible fiber optic front sight. Also available in blued or stainless finish and a 3 in or a 6 1/2 in barrel.
SPECIFICATIONS: Mfg Item Num: 2513039UL Category: FIREARMS – HANDGUNS Type :Revolver Action :Single / Double Caliber :410/45 Long Colt Barrel Length :3 in Capacity :7 + 1 Safety :Trigger Grips :Rubber Sights :Fiber Optic Weight :41.4 oz Finish :Stainless


text:
AlpineAire Foods Pepper Steak with Rice
Good easy food. Easy food to cook, just add water…
Source: bought it new
Price Paid: $2
Good easy food.
- Cooking bag
Easy food to cook, just add water to pouch and it all cook evenly. Rice and steak was tasty, which I did not expect!


A common weapon in the Nobility. Controls the gravity of a given area. It was stockpiled in Lamoa Fortress in its supply room.
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Do not expect that the Government’s housing strategy document, spelling out plans for the economy-boosting, job-creating building of new homes, will be unveiled to the strains of Santa, Baby, or a similar feel-good Christmas tune. But the publication, due shortly, of these recommendations for revival will be intended to dissipate some of the unseasonal unease spreading through the housing market. We set out the challenges faced by this recipe for cheer.
At last the pace of rent increases is starting to slow. But this is scant comfort as the cost is still increasing twice as fast as salaries and


text: This thesis analysed the effects of expected climate change impacts on and the options for adaptation of pangasius farming in the Mekong Delta. Sea level rise of more than 75 cm will reduce the time-window for pangasius culture in coastal areas due to salinity levels, while further inland flooding is a larger threat. The technical efficiency of downstream farms was higher compared to the upstream and midstream farms due to lower energy costs and stocking once a year at a lower density, but these reduced the scale efficiency of farms affected by salinity intrusion. Upstream and midstream farms needed to pump water and stocked at least 3x in two years. Next to dike enforcements, breeding a salinity tolerant pangasius strain is an efficient adaptation tool. As farmer’s education level and past experience with flooding or salinity intrusion have a positive effect on technical efficiency he advises among others to increase information on climate change as less than half of the farmers actively sought suitable adaptation measures.

domain: geography


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INFO & MGMT: email@example.com
WW Bookings: firstname.lastname@example.org
ASIA Bookings: email@example.com
Brokenears are two djs, producers and remixers.
Creative, eclectic, determinate are a few of their characteristics.
Their music productions are in an ongoing musical evolution and they research fresh inspiration at the cutting-edge of the international clubbing.
Their “old school” roots can be easily feel. Their performances range from the Deep-House to Tech-House, from the Soulful to Funky-House with tribal influences and vocal elements, not excluding any House Music genres.
2019 is a breakthrough year for Brokenears, their debut EP “Disco Down” on Downtown Underground went straight in the Traxsource House Top 10 peaking at no.8; supported into radio shows and Dj Set by Claptone, Purple Disco Machine, Supernova, ATFC and so many others.
They quickly release another EP “Feeling Good” again on the Supernova imprint, Downtown Underground, which goes easily to the no.3 in the Beatport House Top 10.
“Feeling Good” is supported right away in charts and Dj Set by Patrick Topping, Todd Terry, Roger Sanchez, David Penn, Ferreck Dawn, to name but a few.
This year has also seen Brokenears release music on Flashmob Records, with the single “Burn”, supported by many international Dj’s like ATFC, Alaia & Gallo, Watermat, Nhan Solo, Kevin McKay, and then on Lapsus Music with “Try To Believe” during the Miami Music Week and to celebrate also the Lapsus Music 10 Years.
Brokenears release a remix for the single “The Final Story” by Junior Sanchez, international house music icon, supported by Joe T Vannelli, Robert Owens, Erik Hagleton, John Julius Knight and so many others.
They also release “No Man” on the Javi Bora's imprint, Too Many Rules, that have climbed the Beatport and Traxsource charts.
“No Man” it was played in DJ Sets by artists like Technasia, Francky Rizardo, Danny Howard (BBC Radio1), Ferreck Dawn, Sam Divine (Defected Radio Show) and many many more...
One of the last summer track “Body Monster” it was played at Defected Croatia by Simon Dunmore, Eats Everithing, Sam Divine, Solardo, Detlef to name but a few, also it was supported in the most important party in Ibiza, like DC10, Hi Ibiza, Elrow at Ushuaia, Café Mambo and so many others.
Their strength is their passion.
They dare, they experimental.
All this things to be differents...

domain: artistic


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$150 at Murals Your Way $49!
Sorry, this deal is expired.
Today only, Groupon offers $150 toward murals from Murals Your Way for just $49, $16 under our last mention. Murals Your Way has been featured on The Today Show and Extreme Makeover Home Edition and allows you to either upload your own photo or choose from over 6,000 prints, creating a personalized mural for your home. For more information, click here.


Centre County Airport Authority, Centre County
This project, located on a 20-acre site, included the expansion of public parking facilities with 503 parking stalls, ADA compliant pedestrian walkways and curb ramps, a bus shelter, and exit kiosk.
We have worked with Keller Engineers for structural and civil engineering support on six projects over the past five years and have been very pleased with the results. Our projects tend to be complicated phased renovation/ addition projects calling for creativity in planning and construction. I have been particularity pleased with their responsiveness to issues that arise during construction which is of particular importance to us and our clients. Vern L. McKissick, III, AIA, LEED AP, Owner/Architect McKissick Associates


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Congress today said there is no leader taller than Pranab Mukherjee as President of India at a time when the high Constitutional post may have to play a more proactive role in the era of coalition politics.
“Pranab da is known not only for his wise and sagacious ways but also as a fair and just man of wisdom who will fulfill his obligations under the Constitution without whim or favour,” an editorial in the latest issue of party mouthpiece ‘Congress Sandesh’ said.
The editorial said Mukherjee’s acceptance across the party lines has found him many supporters who are otherwise not a part of UPA.
“In this era of coalition politics,the President may have to play a more proactive role and there is no leader taller than him in this respect,” it said.
The ‘Congress Sandesh’ said the President has a very important responsibility as the protector of the Constitution and should be an individual who has the stature,experience and the knowledge to be able to exercise the powers vested in him.
“When Sonia Gandhi as the chairperson of the UPA decided to nominate Pranab Mukherjee for this coveted post,she surely had all this and more in her mind while making the selection,” it said.
The editorial said Gandhi has also displayed her political wisdom in renominating Hamid Ansari for the second time for the post of Vice-President. As chairman of the Upper House of Parliament,Ansari conducted the House in an exemplary manner and won appreciation of all,it added.


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One Long Overdue Update
Remember way back in January when I made this thing and I resolved to write often?
Well, lots happened between the months of April and May. Lots. And though I hate that I didn't keep up with one of my favorite resolutions, it's never too late to start back up, right? We'll consider this a mid-year checkup and move forth from there.
So let's rewind. The last time I was here, I was at Walden Pond. After my little getaway, I remember all of a sudden being swamped with final papers and projects. So basically, the majority of April was all about wrapping up my last semester of college ever (ever!) One day, I'd be researching statistics on sperm and egg donations for my Medical Markets class, and another day I'd be staying up all night putting the final touches to my iPad app concept for my New Media and Design class. Other days, I'd be working on logos, wedding invitations, photo editing, etc.
And then just like that, I graduated! College is all over now, and I think I'm still letting that sink in.
I decided to stay in Boston. I landed a design internship with Harvard Business Review. I survived my first week. Some things that I've learned so far:
- Commuting is not fun.
- Always bring a book for your commute.
- Bring another one for the commute back home because you'll most likely finish the first one on your morning commute.
- Print design is fascinating.
- Digital design is fascinating.
The process of Print --> Digital design is fascinating. And nuts! It's seriously crazy how much our world is changing. This deserves a whole blog post to itself.
And now we're here! I had no idea how beautiful Boston summers are. I feel so lucky that I am still able to call Boston my home. As weird as it feels to be done with college, I'm excited to start a new adventure. I'll be here as long as you'll have me, Boston!
Until next time!
(Cheesy ending, I know, but it's the only thing I could think of right now. I'm exhausted!)


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I have found this artist called Paul Foeckler, whilst looking last year for our ‘Delight in light’ project and have always admired the use of raw material and maintaining it to such a high standard to make it looking its best. Wood is a beautiful material and in the company Split Grain they show off that true beauty.
Function- Split Grain is a company who make minimalist split wood lights for the home/office and any contemporary space. Split Grain light sculptures and steel suspension artworks include floor standing, tabletop and wall sculptures to enhance any thoughtful, contemporary space.
Materials- The materials used are mainly wood like cedar on a steel base with LED lights. The wood is normally reclaimed wood is is foraged in the California region. The balance between organic nature and refined technological materials is what Foeckler strives for in each piece with the added intention to aesthetically elevate both.
Craftsmanship-There is evidence of great skill here in wood and electronics. The wood is cut and sanded to perfection, the layers are cut with great care. The artist says each light can involve up to 100 hours of labor as he selects the right section of wood, slices, sands, and reassembles each piece. I think the end result looks professional and to a very high standard.
Expression- The Split Grain highlights the beauty in nature by placing emphasis on the beauty of the material which is the wood. The wood is cut and sanded to such a high standard it brings out the beauty and quality of the texture of the grain which is really lovely. For me it is great to see an artist who takes such joy in bringing out the true beauty in the materials used.
Innovative- I find this piece to be inspiring because of the use of material, even though many light designers and makers use wood as a primary material it is clear to see how much effort has gone into making the wood look its best and it does. Its aesthetically pleasing and would belong in any environment. I would love to be able to source my own materials and produce an object which shows off the quality of the materials.


text: I stitched Country Cottage Needleworks Liberty Lane design for myself! I had a SAL with some friends and we each made some color changes to match our homes. Special thanks to Sherre, Jenn, and Rita!! I stitched this on Sassy's 28 ct sugared coffee linen with DMC and 1 Crescent Colours floss (Wavy Navy). I'm so happy with how this turned out!


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Frame Story Examples
A frame story is a story that is told with another story inside of it. Often a frame story is created when a character in the story begins to tell a story or write a story. The original narrative becomes a frame for the story that is told by the character.
Chaucer's The Canterbury Tales is a frame story. Different characters come together to take a pilgrimage to Canterbury, and along the way, they all tell a different story. So, the overall tale of the pilgrim's journey is a frame for the various narratives that are told within the story.
Emily Bronte's Wuthering Heights is a frame story, and actually includes several frames throughout the story. The novel begins with Mr. Lockwood visiting Wuthering Heights, an estate where everyone seems depressed and forlorn. He attempts to find out what has happened in the past, and Mr. Lockwood's story becomes a frame for the tale that takes the reader into the past and into the anguished love between Catherine and Heathcliffe.
In Nicholas Sparks' The Notebook the frame story is an elderly woman with Alzheimer's who listens to stories told by an elderly gentleman. The stories told are about a young couple who fell in love-Rose and Noah-in spite of their differences in social status. As the novel progresses, the reader learns that the elderly couple is Noah and Rose, and Noah tells Rose the stories as a way to help her remember him and their love.
In the movie Titanic, we meet an elderly woman, Rose, who was on the Titanic. This is the frame story for Rose's story of her journey aboard the Titanic and her short love affair with a gentleman who perished in the sinking of the Titanic when it hit an iceberg.
Literary Terms Examples


You would not go this to some functionality including strlen(), Which limitation might be fine assuming that's the intent of this kind of array. Remember that unspecified things are 0'd, and hence grow to be null figures also in a very context which include:
The C++ programming language is Just about the most popular treatments for furnishing object-oriented effectiveness with C-like languages. To complete C++ assignments you have to get the proper C++ assignment help. Specialist writers proposes fantastic C++ guidance. Software engineer of our enterprise will give you C++ help at any progression of programming. That is the reason we are sure that we could help our college students. C++ online help might be needed from many of your ventures, because of time requirements, troubles with material, or good modifying and checking The full activity completely.
The existing nullptr proposal hasn't however been agreed upon for incorporation into C++0x (that is, the next revision to plain C++), and In addition it could rely on Yet another attribute, decltype(), expected to be included. So You will find there's likelihood nullptr might not be incorporated. If/when it is, I'll include a recognize below, with details. Observe that what receives included might not be what precisely is inside the proposal.
Listed here I explain how to make a new CD struct in memory and after that append its info to the tip of the existing binary file storing CD data.
It had the last some hours to submit my assignment, I used to be nervous, I had been inquiring to my friends to help to do my assignment. Amongst my mates advised to search my assignment on Web then I googled and acquired lovelycoding.
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This can be a list of operators inside the C and C++ programming languages. Many of the operators detailed exist in C++; the fourth column "A part of C", states whether an operator is usually present in C. Observe that C does not assistance operator overloading.
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Be sure to e-mail firstname.lastname@example.org if you believe This is certainly an mistake. You should contain your IP tackle inside your e-mail.
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Pc simulations Engage in a very important job in many scientific and engineering challenges. With regards to the offered responsibilities, distinct solutions are… Study much more…
At times you might want to allocate memory dynamically. But as soon as you’ve concluded with that memory you need to cost-free it. This lesson offers an illustration of code that does this.


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The South Indian state of Kerala is quite popular amid honeymooning couples as it is one of the most romantic destinations in India. It boasts of beautiful views, calm surroundings, verdant scenery, salubrious climate, offering an ideal setting for enjoying a memorable vacation. Opt for Romantic Kerala tour, a well-planned package of 5 nights and 6 days offering an unforgettable journey to you and your partner. This itinerary is a wonderful mix of sightseeing, breathtaking hill views, houseboat ride on placid backwaters, fun activities at the beach, leisure time, temple visit and so on. Cochin, Munnar, Alleppey, Kovalam and Trivandrum are the popular cities of Kerala that you explore.
On Arrival at the Cochin Airport, meet our tour representative who offers you can assisted transfer to Munnar, one of the most popular hill stations of Kerala. During the road journey, relish the stunning views and the fresh cool breeze. As you reach, check- in at tree house, one of the most exotic stay options in Kerala. The views from the window or the balcony are green and gorgeous. The atmosphere is peaceful. After check-in, the day is at leisure. You can go for a stroll, holding hands, whispering sweet nothings into each other's ears. Explore the place on your own
Overnight stay at a Tree House.
Breakfast is followed by sightseeing in Munnar including Tea Museum that is opened and managed by Tata Tea. It is stocked with photographs, machineries and other kinds of objects that are related to the tea industry of the region. The next visit is to the Mattupetty Dam, a famous picnic spot around a lake. Hike up to the Echo Point, a picturesque spot with natural echo phenomenon. Later on, proceed to Kundala Lake and dam site where you can see Neela Kurunjhi, a flower that blooms once in 12 years. The afternoon is scheduled for visit to the Eravikulam National Park, home to the endangered Nilgiri Tahr. Explore the place together.
On day 3, post breakfast. Start driving to one of the most popular backwater destinations in Kerala, Alleppey, now known as Alappuzha. Arrive at the jetty, check- into a kettuvallam or a Houseboat. As this is an overnight cruise, during the houseboat tour, you are accompanied by a trained chef and a rower. This houseboat comes with a kitchenette, bathrooms and well-equipped rooms. Savor the surroundings views of paddy fields, colorful birds, locals buy in their work, coir making industry and other attractions. A houseboat cruise can be termed as one of the most romantic things in Kerala.
Overnight in the houseboat.
In the morning, the houseboat is back at the Alleppey jetty. Have breakfast and complete the check-out. Now embark on a road journey to Kovalam, a lovely, peaceful beach town. On arrival, check in to a hotel. The day is now at leisure. You can partake in the activities of your interest. The town offers you an intimate setting, away from touristy chaos. Explore the place on your own. There is romance in the air. If you want, you can also get a couple massage done at any of the Ayurveda centers.
Overnight stay in Kovalam.
Today, post breakfast, opt for sightseeing tour of Kovalam. Head to the pristine crescent-shaped Kovalam beach that comprises of Hawa Beach, Lighthouse Beach and Samudra Beach. Partake in fun activities together. You can also visit the other attractions of Kovalam such as the lighthouse, Napier art museum, Vellayani Lake, Vizhinjam rock-cut cave temple, Kovalam Art Gallery, boat riding in Karamana River and so on. The evening is free at leisure.
On the last day, post breakfast, complete the check-out. Travel to Trivandrum by road for morning sightseeing. The attractions that you can visit today include Shri Padmanabha Swamy temple, Shangumugham beach, Shri Chitra Art Gallery and Chowara beach. Pick the ones you like. Thereafter, move to the Airport to board the flight for onward journey.


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- Pulverize® Weed Killer for Lawns uses the active ingredient iron to selectively control/supress broadleaf weeds growing in lawns. Dogs, pets and people can enter the area after product has dried. Works fast, even in cold weather, and results will be seen in hours.
- Controls weeds: Bull thistle, Creeping buttercup, Dandelion, Moss, Speedwell spp., Persian speedwell, White clover
- Supresses weeds: Black medic, English daisy

domain: agronomy


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Haneen Hossam is an Egyptian content creator and Tik-Tok star. The influencer gained great popularity through her social media handles and also enjoys a large fan base. However, she was constantly scrutinized by Egyptian media and laws for her content and accused of trafficking in women.
Haneen Hossam was born in Egypt in 2001, but has not shared her exact date and place of birth. She is currently 20 years old and follows the Islamic religion. She has not revealed any details about her parents and family background and thus not much is known about her early life.
Haneen is currently a student at Cairo University, but has not shared her exact field or major with the media. She also hasn’t revealed any details about her early school and high school education, but it’s believed she graduated from a local school in her hometown.
Haneen Hossam career
Haneen is a university student who broke into social media as a short content creator and has built herself up as a successful influencer and Tik Tok star. She started making short videos on Tik-Tok for fun and soon turned the same into her career to monetize what she loved.
Haneen is now a full-time content creator and also a social media personality, working in fashion, style, lifestyle, etc. She also works as an endorser for several brands on social media.
Haneen is currently embroiled in controversy after being sentenced to prison for human trafficking. The influencer will now serve three years in prison for exploiting girls via a video sharing platform. She was previously sentenced to two years in prison and a fine in 2020 when she was found guilty of influencing female followers to join another video-sharing platform.
However, she appealed and was acquitted of the charges. The event has now sparked a debate in the country about what it means to have individual freedom and social values.
Haneen Hossam Biography
|Real name||Haneen Hossam|
|Date of birth||2001|
|Age (as of 2022)||21 years|
|Place of birth||Egypt|
|Height||in feet inches – 5′ 6” – in centimeters – 168 cm|
|Weight||in kilograms – 58kg – in pounds – 127 pounds|
|shoe size||7.5 (US)|
Haneen Hossam Family
|Who is her boyfriend?||none|
Haneen has not revealed any details about her romantic or personal life. She has never opened up about having any relationships and is currently believed to be single. Apart from that, she is known to share a great love for fashion and makeup. Haneen currently has 914.3K followers on her Tik Tok handle where she posts the majority of her content and enjoys a large following. Apart from that, she is active on Instagram where she currently has 19.6k followers.
Haneen Hossam Net Worth
Haneen Hossam is currently a student and doesn’t have a job, but earns her income from her social media career. She makes a lot of money as an influencer and her net worth is estimated to be around $200,000 as of 2022.
Facts About Haneen Hossam
- Along with Haneen, another influencer, Mawada Al-Adham, was also charged and found guilty of human trafficking and is currently serving her 6-year sentence.
- She is known to be an animal lover and often posts various pictures with cats.
- Her nickname is “Nona”

domain: celebrity


GEORGE TOWN: Penang Chief Minister Chow Kon Yeow says it is impossible to expect everyone in a city to use public transport and that those who supported the idea were simply too idealistic.
He said even in Singapore, which has a top-notch public transport system, its usage was only 40% while the rest of the population used other forms of road transportation, including private cars.
Hence, more roads were needed in Penang, he said in response to an argument by NGOs that the state should build less highways and focus on public transportation.
“We have always used Singapore as a model. It has the best public transportation, but they themselves keep building roads. Have you asked them why they are not focusing only on public transport?
“The reality is, in many cities around the world, it is hard to achieve good ridership on many modes of public transport. And they too, build roads. You cannot find a city that stops building roads.
“While Penang’s public transport is nothing to shout about compared to Singapore, we want to start working on it now so that we will be prepared in the next 10 years with a solid road network and public transport system side by side,” he said in a dialogue with 40 members of the Singapore Society of Modern Management (SMM) in Komtar today.
Chow was replying to a question by a SMM member on whether the Malaysian government would fully fund Penang’s first light rail transit (LRT) line.
The chief minister said Penang would most likely pursue the self-financing method since the federal government was taking austerity measures.
Chow said while Penang would fund its own transportation projects for the time being, he hoped for good news in terms of the LRT project approval from Putrajaya by year’s end.
“You may have thought they would pump money into Penang, after the change of government (in Putrajaya). That is not the case for the time being.
“We have a lot of debts and the finance minister is trying to sort that out first,” he said.
The RM46 billion Penang Transport Master Plan (PTMP) is the state’s plan to introduce new roads, highways and public transport, including the LRT.
The proposed Komtar-Bayan Lepas LRT line under the PTMP will cost RM8.4 billion, which includes RM1 billion for land acquisition costs, as reported last July.
The PTMP has been a subject of intense debate in Penang, after an environmental impact report of the Pan Island Link 1 highway was made available for viewing.
The 20km highway would be mostly built through the hills on Penang Island, with four separate tunnels.


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Our old calendar (below) will remain active until February 1st.
Rocky Mountain Land Series
Tattered Cover Film Series
Active Minds Lecture Series
From Page to Stage
Jack and Annie go on a quest to save Camelot--a quest that will prove to a beleaguered King Arthur that children and imagination really can make a difference. Illustrations.

domain: library