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Ghana Priorities: Agriculture
This paper had a simple aim. It sought to estimate the magnitude, relative returns, and economic viability of selected interventions in agriculture in Ghana.
The five interventions studied were selected because they were implicitly consistent with government’s plans to increase agriculture growth and use that as a launching pad for the country’s industrialisation plans. The interventions analysed included fertilizer subsidies, increased mechanisation (essentially more use of tractors), improved seeds subsidies, increased irrigation schemes, and more warehouses to help reduce post-harvest losses.
The analysis was done for each of the interventions as a stand-alone and there was no attempt to test for complementarities. Since this was a cost-benefit analysis of the different interventions we identified and estimated the cost elements first. Typically, this was made up of some fixed as well as variable costs. The second element, the benefits stream, was essentially the monetised value of incremental output due to the respective interventions – output with intervention less output without intervention.
Our results show that all the interventions had a BCR value of greater than 1, implying positive returns to the investments. The most promising interventions were subsidising hybrid seeds and fertilizer. These had higher BCRs of 3.6 and 4.4 respectively at an 8% discount rate. This was followed by mechanisation programme (2.8), OPV seeds (2.3), the warehousing intervention (1.8) and the irrigation intervention (1.5) in that order. We suggest not putting too much weight on the absolute magnitudes due to inherent uncertainties in the analyses, and only some weight on the relative BCRs. That said, it appears that encouraging farmers to use hybrid and fertilizer inputs via subsidies would be more efficient than other interventions. The greatest source of uncertainty, and the one that would change the policy implications the most is the assumed extent and waste associated with smuggling of subsidized seed and fertilizer, particularly the latter. We have attempted to account for these in our analysis using actual expenditure data from government sources. The study concludes by noting that even though these individual interventions do all have positive returns, the very nature of agriculture means that complementarities could result in returns that will be much higher than the sum of the individual returns suggest.
Intervention I – Subsidising Improved Seeds
For various reasons, many smallholder farmers in Ghana do not use improved seeds, which are not only more resilient but also provide higher yields. There are four principal factors that contribute to the low uptake of improved seeds. First, knowledge of hybrid varieties among farmers seems to be low. Second, even with knowledge of these varieties, farmers may be too risk averse to try a new technology. Third is the cost, particularly of hybrid varieties. Fourth, is the issue of access. Farmers who may be able to afford are not always able to procure them when they are needed. This is partly due to limited production of certified seeds resulting from a lack of a guaranteed market. Subsidizing improved seeds for smallholder farmers has the potential to address all of these issues either directly (reducing the cost) or indirectly (via decreasing the costs of learning about seeds, improving the demand to stimulate increased production). Increased uptake of improved seeds can increase yields and therefore farmer welfare.
This intervention considers a subsidy on improved maize seeds for both hybrids and OPVs. We focus on maize because it is probably the most popular crop among smallholder farmers and accounts for the highest portion of agricultural land in Ghana. Additionally, improved maize seeds are the most prominent within the seed industry in Ghana. The proposed intervention is for government to continue to provide a subsidy of 50 percent on maize seeds until 2023, reduce the rate to 40 percent in 2024, 30 percent in 2025 and then decrease the rate to zero by 2028. By then, it is hoped, farmers would have observed that the benefits of using certified seeds outweigh the cost and continue using them. The analysis models the impact for a further five years, even when there is no subsidy, to capture these learning gains. The benefits and costs are measured against a scenario where there are no subsidies.
Without persuasion, farmers may not adopt improved seeds for the reasons mentioned above. These risks can be mitigated if government extension agents are a key part of the intervention to demonstrate and ensure farmers appropriately used new seeds and generate the expected yield increases.
Benefit and Cost Estimations
We assume farmers would respond to the lower price of seeds by increasing their use of certified seeds without necessarily increasing total land area of plantations. The estimated use of hybrid and OPV seeds are depicted in Figure 1 for both the intervention and baseline cases. A 50% subsidy boosts the use of seeds by 30%.
Figure 1: Use of improved seed (OPV and Hybrids) - baseline and intervention
The costs of extending the subsidy on improved seeds include the financial outlay of government and the extra costs to farmers, which increase as the subsidy is gradually removed. The public cost of the maize seeds subsidy is based on the budgeted expenditures, as reported by MoFA in the Planting for Food and Jobs documents (MOFA, 2017b), and covers payment for the 50 percent subsidy on the seeds, expenditures for training, publicity, dealing with seeds producers and leakage. Switching from local to improved seeds would also increase fertilizer, labour and transport costs for farmers. The cost of the intervention is GHS 490 million for subsidizing hybrid seeds and GHS 511 million for subsidizing OPV seeds over 15 years. Unsurprisingly, the actual seeds make up most (~80%) of the cost during the subsidy regime. During the five-year period after the subsidy is removed, seeds only make up 50% of the marginal cost.
The primary benefit of the intervention is higher agricultural yields, but this depends on the extent of uptake by smallholder farmers. Based on existing literature, we assume that hybrid seeds increase yield by 2.0 MT / ha, while OPV seeds increase yields by 0.51 MT / ha. The value of increased output averages GHS 156m and 92m per year for hybrid and OPV respectively. An additional benefit is the value of the subsidy for farmers who would have bought seeds without the subsidy. This value averages 36 m for hybrids and 42m for OPV per year.
In total, farmers switching from local seeds to using hybrid seeds generate estimated benefits of GHS 1,750 million as compared to an additional cost of GHS 490 million, assuming an 8 percent discount rate. The BCR is 3.6. If instead OPVs are adopted in place of the local seeds, the estimated benefits would be GHS 1,162 million and the additional cost would be GHS 511 million, resulting in a benefit cost ratio of 2.3. From these results, subsidizing improved seeds would provide net benefits to farmers and to the country.
Intervention II - Fertilizer Subsidies
The Ministry of Food and Agriculture (MOFA) has reported fertilizer use per hectare among smallholder farmers is between 13kg and 15kg (MoFA 2019). This is far below the optimal level for many crops. The costs associated with fertilizer use have been identified as one of the reasons for its low uptake. Therefore, one way of increasing fertilizer intensity is to reduce the price of fertilizer so farmers can afford the required quantities as reported by Imoru and Ayamga (2015). This intervention examines the viability of a programme that maintains the current 50% subsidy for a period of 5 years with a gradual removal over 5 years back to 26%. An alternative scenario was also built for when the subsidy is completely taken off at 0%. These analyses are compared to a case where subsidies remain at 26%.
We assume the subsidies will be maintained at 50% over a period of 5 years. From the 6th year, it will be gradually reduced to 45%, then to 40%, 36%, 31% and finally reach 26% by 2028. We analyse benefits for five years after the subsidy is removed / lowered to account for medium impacts of learning.
The main risk with respect to fertilizer subsidies is smuggling. This has and remains a concern of policy and rightly so. The cost to smuggling has also been modelled into the analysis and is estimated at 2.6% of the government’s cost based on government provided data.
Benefits and Costs Estimations
The intervention is expected to boost the use of fertilizer, with the expected change differing by crop. The main assumptions are below:
|Price elasticity to fertilizer use
|Elasticity of crop yield to fertilizer use
|Elasticity of crop yield to fertilizer price
|Actual fertilizer use (kg/ha)
|Recommended use (kg/ha)
In general, fertilizer use increases by 27% initially, and decreases as the subsidy is lowered.
The key cost elements of this intervention include the financial outlay of the subsidy, administrative/transportation, and leakage (smuggling) costs. There is also the cost to farmers as a result of the use of more fertilizers than they would have otherwise used.
In terms of benefits, it is envisaged that the subsidy will increase fertilizer use by farmers and subsequently improve the yields of crops. Additionally, the reduction in price of fertilizer for the farmers who would have used fertilizer without the subsidy is a benefit.
Over the period 2019 to 2033, the total benefits of the fertilizer subsidy in present value terms is estimated to be GHS 2,011 millions, at a discount rate of 8%. The costs amount to GHS 460 million. We observe that the cash crops, cocoa (BCR = 5) and pineapple (BCR = 20) respond highly to the intervention compared to staple crops (maize; 3.97 and yam; 0.93). The overall BCR is 4.4, and results suggest that at any discount rate, the fertilizer subsidy intervention will engender benefits that will be around 4 times more than the cost. The alternative scenario, reducing subsidy to 0% at the terminal period equally showed positive BCR values indicating the viability of the intervention at all levels.
In all these, private sector players who are the main importers and distributors of the fertilizer stand to benefit from the guaranteed market. However, if inefficiencies resulting from delayed payment by the government persist, it could crowd out their investments.
Since the assumption is that farmers could be weaned off the subsidy subsequently, it is imperative that other accompanying measures come together with the intervention, such as building the capacity of farmers, helping them to better access credit and expanding market access and structures. This will incentivize farmers to increase productivity by adopting best practices including optimal fertilizer application which hitherto has been motivated due to the intervention.
Intervention III - Irrigation
The effects of climate change continue to aggravate the plight of farmers in Sub-Saharan Africa. The scarcity of water and irregularity of rainfall has been a restraining factor for crop production in Sub-Saharan Africa, and Ghana is not an exception. Public investment in irrigation development in Ghana has declined considerably from the 1990s, and there is increasing uncertainty about the returns to these vast investments (Namara et al., 2011). Previous experience saw public irrigation initiatives stalled due to machinery breakdowns, high electricity costs, old and choked canals and poor service repayments. More recently, there is renewed effort by government to rehabilitate some existing irrigation schemes, leading to some of the abandoned schemes being brought back to production (Akrofi et al., 2019).
This intervention proposes to rehabilitate the following already existing irrigation schemes: Ashaiman, Dawhenya, Weija, Afife, Aveyime, Mankessim, Okyereko, Subinja, Sasta and Akumadan. Even though these are part of the Ministry’s long-term plans, they are yet to be implemented. The total area to be covered by these 10 irrigation sites is 3,443 hectares. The rehabilitation of these irrigation schemes covers a period of 30 months as compared to 18 months proposed by the Government for the other schemes. This is to cater for unforeseen challenges that may arise during the implementation phases; including institutional changes that are needed to make the Water Users Association (WUA) effective with governance and the collection of user fees. The performance of smallholder farmers’ engagement in irrigation water management in the past has been poor and there have been several instances of default payments (Namara et al., 2011). Hence the intervention includes a mechanism that allows farmers flexible payment so that they are more likely to access the facilities.
For this intervention, ten sites will be rehabilitated over a period of 30 months. The key crops to be grown in these areas include rice, pepper, okra and tomatoes. The intervention assumes that government covers the cost of rehabilitation, while the cost of ongoing maintenance is borne by farmers in the form of user fees. Based on stakeholder interviews, this service fee is about GHS 200 per acre annually (approximately GHS 500 / US$ 91 per hectare).
The schemes will imitate the management structure of existing irrigation schemes being handled by private sector under the regulation of the GIDA. The new operation and management model is envisaged to mitigate the problem of recurrent expenditure incurred by Government, almost every decade, on irrigation management in the country. It will ensure that the only burden on the government will be to repair the main canals every 30 years as there would be enough money generated by the various schemes to maintain the secondary and tertiary canals (Bokpe, 2017).
The institutional changes required to enable this intervention are a source of risk, given known challenges with this type of intervention in developing countries, including Ghana. However, this appears to have been mitigated to some extent with GCAP project – as previously mentioned, a similar initiative to the one described here. According to Koomson (2020), the project which involves the digitization of the Kpong Left Bank Irrigation scheme with an automation system is already about 63% complete.
There are two additional sources of uncertainty that one anticipates with this intervention. The first relates to the pricing of the water which will be done per litre as opposed to what has been done in the past – which was per hectare. A second source of uncertainty is the fact that the scheme will be under private management even though oversight will be by GIDA, as described earlier. Given that farmers are used to the old system, one anticipates some level of apprehension and possible cooperation issues from the farmers initially. This calls for education and sensitization of farmers on the operation of the new system.
Benefits and costs Estimations
The key benefit for this intervention is increased yields. The increase in yield will come from 2 main sources. First the increase due to the more efficient use of nutrients by the plants in the presence of water – here there is increased yield over a production cycle, assumed to be 20%. The second source of the increase is due to the fact that with irrigation, a farmer can have two production cycles in a year. In that case the annualized yield also increases. In this report we assume the annualized yield increases by 100% - i.e. farmers can undertake 2 times production instead of the 1. The benefits are estimated at GHS 514m over a 10 year period.
The implementation of the irrigation rehabilitation programme would have two major cost components. These are rehabilitation costs and maintenance costs. The government would bear the cost of rehabilitation of the irrigation schemes. The cost of rehabilitating an irrigation site is about GHS 104,000 (US$ 20,000) per hectare. Given a size of 3,443 hectares, the the total cost amounts to GHS 360 million (US$69 million), spread over three years.
To ensure longevity and sustainability of the irrigation schemes, the farmers (beneficiaries) would be charged additionally, service fees to maintain the various irrigation schemes. Information was obtained from discussions with a member of the management team of Irrigation Company of Upper Regions (ICOUR) Ghana on the maintenance cost (service and operation charges) of irrigation schemes. Based on that data we note that farmers are charged a service fee of about GHS 200 per acre annually. This amounts to about GHS 500 (US$ 91) per hectare. Maintenance costs after rehabilitation are approximately GHS 2m per year.
By 2030 the total cost of this intervention, discounted at 8% is estimated to be GHS 348 million
Intervention IV – Mechanisation
Mechanization, particularly access to tractor services, is essential for expanding agriculture as well as improving productivity of the existing farms. Unfortunately, the use of mechanization or tractor services by smallholder farmers remains low in Ghana. Part of the reason is lack of the services in many farming communities. In other places where they exist, costs have been a limiting factor. MoFA estimates that out of the potential merchandisable agricultural land of about eight million hectares, only 2.4 million hectares-representing about 30 percent, are under mechanization. This intervention proposes to increase area under mechanization by 13 percent in the next 10 years through purchasing of additional tractors and implements. Here we expect it to lead to improvements in soil quality (soil moisture, water retention, air circulation, etc.) and thereby result in higher plant growth and development - increased yields.
Our estimation is based on parameters relating to maize. However, we believe this can be extrapolated to other crops such as rice, yams, and cowpea as well. Indeed, other studies based on other crops also show increases in yields as a result of the mechanization (see Osei 2013). We assume that yield will increase by 11% as a result of the mechanization (see Benin et al 2011). Additionally, we assume that more area will be brought under cultivation as a result of the increased use of tractors.
We expect mechanisation to increase by 13% over the next 10 years. This will be over and above what government plans under AMSEC. Our model estimates the costs and benefits stream over the period 2020 to 2039 to ensure all benefits are captured over the useful life of the tractors (the final tractors bought in 2030 will only cease operating in 2039).
One of the key risks has to do with the efficacy of the intervention in delivering the tractors to the right sections of the private sector so as to ensure efficiency of use. Note that one could envisage a situation where the spending on the tractors will be made but there may not be used for their intended purpose, for example due to lack of maintenance.
Benefits and Costs Estimations
The study takes into consideration several cost elements of mechanization. Based on Hossou et. al. (2016) there are many cost components including the purchase of tractor and implements, repairs and maintenance, fuel, insurance and business registration, building of sheds to house the tractors, overheads including depreciation, lubricants, oil, among others.. The total cost of increasing the area under mechanization for this intervention amount to GHS 294 million in present value terms with capital expenditure making up around 4/5th of the cost.
Three main benefit of the intervention is an increase in yield, assumed to be 11% based on available evidence. This leads to an output increase of around 0.2 tonnes per ha. The benefit is estimated at GHS 822 million over the period 2020-2039 (using an 8% discount rate).
The BCR is 2.8.
Intervention V – Building of Warehouses
A World Bank report disclosed that in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), a large amount of food produced (particularly grains), is lost after harvest with an estimated value of US$ 4 billion (World Bank, 2011). For this reason, investing in post-harvest loss reduction is potentially a smart and impactful intervention to ensure food security (GIZ, 2013a). The narrative on post-harvest losses in Ghana is no different. Ansah and Tetteh (2016) recognize the need to reduce post-harvest losses as an essential means of improving food security in the country and one way to minimize post-harvest losses is to manage storage losses. It is expected that when post-harvest storage losses are well managed, farmers will be able to keep their produce for a long time without significant losses, and will be able to sell at good and attractive market prices. Also for subsistence farmers, minimizing post-harvest losses is a way of making sure food is available all year round (Ansah et al., 2018). Hence a reduction in post-harvest losses provides a significant pathway of reducing poverty and improving nutrition.
Because of the risks associated with grain storage, farmers try to minimize losses by selling their grain soon after harvest, leading to low market prices as the markets are flooded with freshly harvested grains (Opit et al. 2014). Conversely during the off-season, the price of maize is usually highest as maize is not easily available. According to Bruce (2016), Ghana loses about 318,514 tonnes of maize annually to post-harvest losses. This figure represents about 18% of the country’s annual maize production. Therefore, improving food security particularly for the poor, cannot be accomplished without sufficient maize storage so as to stabilize prices during the off-season. Also, maize could become an economically important export commodity for the country if excess maize produced is stored.
The intervention will look at constructing 46 new warehouses with an average capacity of 1,000 tonnes for the next 3 years. These new warehouses will supplement government’s effort in curbing post-harvest storage losses. It must be noted that even with the proposed intervention of additional warehouses, only a small fraction of the post-harvest losses will be addressed. Specifically, the proposed intervention will start with 20 warehouses in 2020. An additional 20 warehouses will be constructed in 2021 and thereafter 6 warehouses will be built in 2023. The capacity of warehouses to be built will be 1,000 tonnes each. It is assumed that postharvest losses which is currently estimated to be about 18% will reduce to about 5% for the maize output that is stored in these warehouses.
Benefits and Costs Estimations
The benefit of this intervention is the value of post-harvest losses avoided. There is an additional benefit in terms of stability and reduction of prices over time (reduction in prices was computed on an annual basis) but this was not estimated in this analysis. In terms of modelling, we essentially capture and value the benefits as a reduction in post-harvest losses associated with the building these 46 warehouses by 2029. As stated earlier, post-harvest losses amount to about 18%. Some studies have found that using scientific methods can reduce grain losses to as low as 2% (Kumar and Kalita, 2017). For our modelling we will assume that the losses will reduce from the 18% to about 5% with the warehouse intervention. This figure makes room for inefficiencies that are still inherent in the storage system. Given that each warehouse can hold 1000 tonnes, the expected post-harvest storage loss avoided is around 6,000 tonnes per year in steady state.
Applying a value per tonne of $370 per tonne, and decreasing 1.2% per year to account for increased supply arising from the intervention, the total benefits for the 15 years of the project life amount to GHS 90 million, using a discount rate of 8%.
The implementation of the intervention will have a number of key cost items. These will include the cost of constructing the warehouses, maintenance cost, handling and administrative cost, warehousing insurance as well as the cost of employing caretakers, aggregators and sub-aggregators. The most important cost assumptions include is the unit cost of a new warehouse estimated at GHS 460,000.00. This estimate was obtained from government’s document on Planting for Food and Jobs (MoFA, 2017) and is consistent with that used in Government’s budget allocation for the Planting for Food and Jobs Programme (PFJ). By Year 3 when all the 46 warehouses have been built the total cost of the intervention will amount to GHS 6.5 million for that year. For the entire 15 years, which we assume will be the life of the project, the present value of the total costs is obtained as GHS 49 million, using a discount rate of 8%. The BCR is 1.8.

domain: economics


text:
Salman Khan is the heartthrob of the nation. Even at 52! Well, one question that fans often hammer Salman with is about his unmarried life. Here is an update on the actor's marriage. Or the lack of it. If all had gone right, Salman might have married Juhi Chawla. Can you believe that? We are not saying that BTW. The revelation has come from Salman himself.
A vintage interview of the actor is going viral on YouTube where the host asks him about Juhi Chawla. Salman responds, "She is very sweet. Adorable girl. I asked her father if you will let her get married to me. He said 'no'." Well, we given Salman's tendency to joke with a straight face, we are not sure if he is actually serious when he said that. Further, the host asks him, 'why'. And Salman responds, "Don't fit the bill."
Further, the host asked him if he has worked with Juhi. Salman said, "No! Juhi doesn't want to work with me!" Check out the video here:
Well, if you remember the episode of Koffee with Karan on which Juhi appeared, you'd know that the same question was thrown at Juhi as well. Juhi had revealed that she only knows someone had told Salman that she did not want to work with him, which was not the case. "Sometimes I’ve run into him – earlier, things may have improved now – and he’d just look at me as if he didn’t know who I was. So I really didn’t know what was going on in his mind," she added.
Well, Salman and Juhi, it's still not too late to work in a movie together. How long can fans live by the memories of the brief scene in Deewana Mastana?
Stay tuned to BollywoodLife for the latest scoops and updates from Bollywood, Hollywood, South, TV and Web-Series.
Click to join us on Facebook, Twitter, Youtube and Instagram. Also follow us on Facebook Messenger for latest updates.

domain: entertainment


When using default metrics like city I get all e-commerce data I want in a freeform report, see image below for town/city.
But when I use a custom dimension I have, like which filter people have used, everything is 0 for e-commerce metrics.
Is there any reason for this? Other metrics that are not e-commerce it will show stats for my custom dimensions, just not e-commerce, like purchases, revenue etc.
These custom dimensions were added last week, could it take more time?


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Learn how to make wire wrapped rings with our free jewelry making video: While Karla and I were at our Clearwater Trunk Show, we had several questions about how to make wire wrapped rings using different types of beads. Since I turn every type of jewelry bead into a ring, I thought I would pass the knowledge along in this week’s video tutorial.
this is so easy to do even some one with that has a hhard time learning can folllow alone.
Did you find this helpful? Reviewed by: mary from chicago ill.
Love this video.
Thanks for a great and easy video showing wire wrapping. Keep up the good work. It helps us newbies learn the best way to do it right, and fast.
Did you find this helpful? Reviewed by: Debbie Meier from Tillamook Oregon.
I've always trusted Aunties Beading Videos
One of my customers asked for some rings, I said to her, "No problem!". Left there scratching my head saying to myself, "what did I just commit to?, I have no clue how to make a ring!!". I came to Aunties Beads website, where I have always TRUSTED to teach me new things. This video was straight forward and easy. That evening I made over 50 different styled rings for my customer and she was absolutely delighted with them. Thank you "Aunties"!!
Did you find this helpful? Reviewed by: Mariposa Jewelry/C.Jett from Las Vegas, Nevada.
Thank you girls for showing us how to make all this fun jewelry! I will definitely have to make some rings as well. You girls really have great talent..
Did you find this helpful? Reviewed by: teresa mitchell from kennewick,washington.
Wrapped Rings Rock
Aunties Beads has the BEST tutorials of all that I have seen, hands down! The ladies are very clear, the instructions are easy to follow and concise. I LOVE AUNTIES BEADS!! I am hooked on making the wire wrapped rings!
Did you find this helpful? Reviewed by: Arneice Rice from Ohio.
Wired Wrapped Rings
Love your videos. They have helped me so much, and they make everything seem so easy.
Did you find this helpful? Reviewed by: Brenda Willard from Asheboro, North Carolina.
Thank you for showing step by step how to do these rings. I get so many compliments and people are so impressed that I made all my different chunky rings!
Did you find this helpful? Reviewed by: Kelli from Lubbock, TX.
Wire Wrapped RIngs
Excellent demo on Wire Wrapping Rings. I started late in life on designing and making Jewelry, but this video has made it much easier for me. Thanks ever so much. This Old Country Girl appreciates any help from the knowledgeable and experience experts. Thanks again.
Did you find this helpful? Reviewed by: Bobbi from Florida.
I too could never figure out how to successfully make a pretty ring, but this video definitely shows you how to easily do it 3 different ways. Now I''''m hooked on making rings for everyone! Thank you!
Did you find this helpful? Reviewed by: Courtney from Jacksonville, NC.
Wire Wrapped Rings Video
These rings are great. I had learned to do them another way but this way is much easier and cleaner looking. Thank you so much.
Did you find this helpful? Reviewed by: Julie from Mission Viejo, CA.
A Great Site
This is a great video.I was looking for something like this.I learn best if I can see it, I return to it again and again.Thanks so much,a great site.
Did you find this helpful? Reviewed by: Joyce from New York.
The ring video is great! Even though they are not hard to make, I could not figure out how to do it before watching the video---and I DID try. Thanks a lot, Debbie
Did you find this helpful? Reviewed by: debbie from albany ny.
Questions and Answers
Q:I really enjoyed watching your video, are you on Instagram or Fb ? Susan
A: Yes Susan we are on INSTAGRAM look for Auntiesbeads. We are also on Facebook and host our very on Bead Chat: https://www.facebook.com/karla.schafer2 https://www.facebook.com/groups/beadchat/?ref=br_tf https://www.facebook.com/groups/219130178160519/?ref=br_tf https://www.facebook.com/pages/Aunties-Beads/62565047920 Karla
Was this answer helpful?0 of 0 Customer(s) found this Answer helpful. Answer provided by: Karla Schafer (6/24/2014)

domain: hobby


What is an extruder machine
Both single and twin screw extruders are devices that are based on the functional principle of the screw conveyor. They press solid to viscous materials under high pressure and usually also at high temperature evenly out of a shaping opening called a mouthpiece, nozzle or die. The process itself is called extrusion.
Basic extruder setup
An extruder basically consists of a screw shaft (also simply called a screw). It is located in a screw cylinder, the inside diameter (nominal diameter) of which roughly corresponds to the outside diameter of the screw. At the front end of the cylinder there is an outlet opening, the so-called nozzle. The screw is mounted at the rear end of the screw cylinder. The drive, which usually consists of an electric motor and a gear unit, is also located here. This is known as an extruder gear and ensures the rotation of the worm shaft.
Structure of an extruder
Material feed at the extruder
In most cases, the materials to be processed were fed into the screw via a funnel located at the top of the screw cylinder. It is important here that the components supplied are metered exactly and reproducibly at any time. Depending on how the dosing control mechanism is designed, a distinction is made between volumetric and gravimetric dosing. If further components are required for the production of plastics (such as colorants or masterbatches, anti-aging agents, plasticizers or reinforcing fibers), these can be introduced into the screw cylinder via needle valves or a side feeder, for example.
Zones of the extruder screw
The snail is divided into different zones, each of which has specific tasks. The feed zone is located in the rear part of the screw cylinder. Here the material that is to be extruded is fed in via a funnel. One also speaks of "feeding". Here the plastic is also melted (if it is a thermoplastic) and compressed. The compression zone connects to the feed zone. Here the material is further compacted due to the reduced pitch of the screw. This builds up the pressure that is required for discharge in the tool. Finally, the so-called discharge zone follows. This ensures a homogeneous flow of material to the tool (the nozzle).
Zones of an extruder screw
Temperature control in the extruder
Heating bands are attached to the outside of the screw cylinder. These melt the supplied plastic powder or granulate (plasticize it). Depending on the structure and process, it may be necessary not only to heat the extruder, but also to cool the plasticized plastic it contains. This cooling takes place either via cooling fans or in cooling channels that are incorporated into the screw cylinder. There is a cooling medium in these. This can be water under pressure, for example.
Other important aspects of the extruder structure
Depending on the plastic to be processed, additional equipment may be necessary for the extruder operation. For example, pumps are installed to pump out gases that would otherwise leave bubbles in the end product. The material is also decisive for the shape of the worm shaft. The pitch, the number of turns and the width of the individual screw threads can be completely different depending on the plastic to be processed. In most cases, the extruder in plastics production is followed by other machines (such as calibration or a cooling water bath).
Construction of a complete extrusion plant
- Planetary roller extruder
- cascade extruder
- multi-shaft extruder
- single screw extruder
- co-rotating or counter-rotating twin screw extruders
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text:
Veterinarian Thompson's Home Creator
Waterloo Area Historical Society Institution
Capital Area District Library Subject
Stockbridge (Mich.) Subject
NULL Item Number
Known as Thompsons Corners, this house is located at the N.E. corner of Main and North Stockbridge Rd. Later occupied by Andy Millhouse.

domain: history


We have been greatly impressed by our Class 1G pupils who have been working independently to create an electrical circuit during science lessons. We started off our work by learning about the three key components that we need for a circuit: a power source, some wire to carry the electricity and a device that can be powered by the circuit.
Working with light bulbs for this experiment, the pupils have learnt that power needs to flow around the circuit. The wire needs to go to the battery, and then from the battery to the light bulb, before heading back to the battery once again.
Once we had established this, we set the challenge for our Class 1G pupils to fix a broken circuit. We removed one of the three key components, and then asked our young scientists to rebuild the circuit. A great success!


With the state duals just a week away, Columbus East wrestling coach Chris Cooper wanted to see his team make some improvement in Saturday’s East Invitational.
The eighth-ranked Olympians did that, putting 10 wrestlers in the finals on their way to racking up 266 points. Terre Haute South finished second with 182, and Class 2A No. 3 Edgewood was third with 174.
“Looking back on the stuff the last two weeks that we talked about in practice that we need to improve on, we had a noticeable improvement today,” Cooper said. “This is a tournament that we should do well in, but it’s one thing to say it and another thing to come out and do it.”
Seven East wrestlers won their respective weight classes. That included senior Graham Rooks, the state’s top-ranked 132-pound wrestler. He beat Edgewood’s Zane Sullivan by a 17-5 major decision in the finals to remain unbeaten this season.
Story continues below gallery
Rooks, who became a four-time East Invitational champion, had three pins Saturday on his way to winning the tournament’s Most Outstanding Wrestler honor.
“My goal for today was to just go out, get as many takedowns as I could, wear people out during my matches and then the pins come later,” Rooks said. “Coach Cooper told me before my matches that I needed to go out, get into my underhooks and front heads, moving guys and wearing the guy down and making him not want to wrestle me anymore.”
Rooks’ brother, Cayden, ranked No. 2 at 126, scored a first-period pin against Edgewood’s Zack Lane in the final to remain unbeaten. Dawson Combest, ranked No. 4 at 138, also stayed unbeaten with a 20-5 technical fall against Homestead’s Mason Barkes in the final.
East’s Jake Schoenegge, ranked No. 7 at 145, beat Edgewood’s Austin Heckman 11-4 in the final. Corban Pollitt pinned Woodlan’s Dan Herschberger in the 152-pound final, and Nick South pinned Homestead’s Joe Parrish in the finals at 160.
The Olympians’ last win of the day came at 220, were both finalists were East wrestlers. Jacob Bolte pinned Brycen Copeland in 1 minute, 10 seconds.
Also finishing runner-up for the Olympians were Andy Davidson at 170 and Eric Cardoso at 285. Jeremy Clark (113) and Joey Gordon (120) each took third, while Jacob Botts (126) and Noah White (182) were fourth and Brayden Taylor (195) came in fifth.
Brown County finished sixth in the nine-team tournament with 89 points. Levi Mullins led the Eagles with a third-place finish at 195.
Also for Brown County, David Tucker (113), Ben Rygiel (152) and Matthew Duncan (285) all took fourth. Christian Fouts (170) was fifth, and Justin Burns (160) placed sixth.
“We have some room for improvement still,” Brown County coach Josh Sparks said. “We have a couple of weeks until our next tournament, so I think we have some time to improve. The goal is advancing in the state tournament.”


text: With a stay at RK Buckner Hostel in San Diego, you'll be minutes from San Diego City College and San Diego Convention Center. This hostel is close to Balboa Park and San Diego Zoo. Prepare your meals in the shared/communal kitchen. Complimentary wireless Internet access keeps you connected, and cable programming is available for your entertainment. Bathrooms have showers and hair dryers. Conveniences include ceiling fans, and irons/ironing boards can be requested. A complimentary continental breakfast is served daily. Featured amenities include a computer station, luggage storage, and laundry facilities.

domain: travel


text:
Euronext, the operator of four exchanges on the continent, has emerged as the most likely buyer of the French clearing arm of LCH.Clearnet, which is being sold by the London Stock Exchange to clear the way for its merger with Deutsche Boerse.
The merger would create a global exchanges titan with expected revenues of €4.7 billion a year. Last week the European Commission raised concerns that the merged companies might have too great a share of the market in clearing.
Euronext, which operates exchanges in Paris, Brussels, Amsterdam and Lisbon, was seen as the logical buyer for the French business, though there had been vague indications of interest from American buyers.
The LSE and its clearing arm, LCH, confirmed this morning that they were in…

domain: news


- Why does WinRAR say diagnostic?
- Is 7 Zip better than WinRAR?
- What program will open a RAR file?
- What happens if I delete WinRAR?
- How do I open a RAR file on Windows 10 without WinZip?
- How do I fix WinRAR?
- How do I open a RAR file without WinRAR?
- What is the best program to open RAR files?
- Is WinRAR illegal?
- What can open RAR files on Windows 10?
- Why is my RAR file not opening?
- Why can’t Windows 10 open RAR files?
- Is there a free WinRAR?
- How do I fix bad RAR files?
- Is WinRAR Safe 2020?
Why does WinRAR say diagnostic?
There will be cases when extracting with WinRAR get WinRAR diagnostic messages error message on the interface.
This error occurs because the file downloaded from the network has a broken split file that is corrupted, leading to the error of WinRAR diagnostic messages when extracting the file..
Is 7 Zip better than WinRAR?
While 7-Zip uses its own archiving format, it can read several other archive formats. In that capacity, at least, 7-Zip is better than WinRAR. WinRAR, named for developer Eugene Roshal, is trialware, a file archive utility for Windows.
What program will open a RAR file?
WinZipWinZip opens and extracts RAR Compressed Archive Files. Once you download and install WinZip on your computer you may double click on the RAR file icon to open it in WinZip.
What happens if I delete WinRAR?
Your pc will explode. Personally, I wouldn’t do it. Your PC will literally implode upon itself.
How do I open a RAR file on Windows 10 without WinZip?
If you know you want to extract the files, you can do it without even opening 7-Zip. Right-click any RAR file, point to the “7-Zip” menu, and then select one of the “Extract” options, depending on where you want to extract the files.
How do I fix WinRAR?
Launch WinRAR, click on the address bar, and then select the location where the corrupted file is saved. Click on the corrupted archive file (RAR or ZIP file) Click on the Repair button in the tool and choose the repair archiver from the drop-down list that appears.
How do I open a RAR file without WinRAR?
Double-click the RAR file to view its contents without extracting them. Otherwise, click the RAR file, select Extract in the top menu and fill in the options for the destination extraction location and any archive password. Then click OK to extract the files to the chosen folder.
What is the best program to open RAR files?
B1 Free Archiver has a good help section and with one click, you can provide your own feedback to the company. The biggest difference with B1 Free Archiver and the other four tools on this list is that it is available for more platforms; Windows, Linux, Mac, and Android.
Is WinRAR illegal?
Yes, the . rar extension is part of a loophole in the copy protection laws. Or any law, for that matter. Everything that is illegal becomes legal when compressed into a .
What can open RAR files on Windows 10?
How to open RAR filesSave the . … Launch WinZip from your start menu or Desktop shortcut. … Select all the files and folders inside the compressed file. … Click 1-click Unzip and choose Unzip to PC or Cloud in the WinZip toolbar under the Unzip/Share tab.More items…
Why is my RAR file not opening?
Reasons for RAR File That Is Not Opening Are: Viruses like Trojan horse attack on the RAR file. Changing file extension of the RAR file from one to another. Downloading RAR file and trying to extract contents of the downloaded RAR files using third party utility.
Why can’t Windows 10 open RAR files?
While you can open RAR files in Windows 10, it’s not supported by default. We will have to use third-party free compression software to uncompress a RAR file to extract all the files and folders inside it. By default, Windows doesn’t recognize RAR file format.
Is there a free WinRAR?
It’s no accident that WinRAR gives its program away for free even after its 40-day trial. It’s part of the company’s business plan: Give away core features with light pressure to pay, add special features for heavy-use customers like businesses.
How do I fix bad RAR files?
Instructions!Open RAR for Android app from app drawer.Find the file which is to be rebuild.Select the file.
Is WinRAR Safe 2020?
WinRAR versions 5.70 and newer are safe. If you have an older version of WinRAR, it’s vulnerable. This security bug has existed in every version of WinRAR released in the past 19 years. If you have version 5.70 beta 1 installed, that’s also safe, but we recommend you install the latest stable version.


text:
OK, so bear with me. We’re going to talk about organic food.
And yeah, I know that there are like a million topics more interesting than organic food. Like uhhh, I don’t know. I can’t think of any.
But there are probably topics more interesting than organic food.
At this moment, that doesn’t matter, because we’re going to talk about organic food. And you’re stuck here, with me, while I do it. Unless you click the x in the corner of the window and leave the article. No one would blame you.
More: 5 Fruits And Veggies Wrong You’ve Been Eating Completely Wrong
So organic food is more expensive than regular food. Why would you buy more expensive food when there’s regular food that’s cheaper?
Well, there’s a point to buying organic food, and that’s this: it doesn’t have poison in it. More specifically, it doesn’t have pesticides and chemicals on the outside, and for meat, it doesn’t include synthetic hormones.
more: Take The Quiz – Do You Know The Unique Veggies That Burn Abdominal Fat?
That’s a big deal! You don’t want to eat chemicals and pesticides, and you definitely don’t want to eat synthetic hormones.
So definitely go for organic when you’re buying meat.
However, if you’re buying fruit, there’s some where it pays to buy organic and some where it makes no sense.
Think about it this way – if it’s got a thick peel on the outside that you have to remove to get to the fruit on the inside, you can get away with not buying organic, because you’re peeling off the part that was exposed to the pesticides in the first place. This includes fruits like oranges, avocados, bananas, and grapefruits.
Fruits like apples, pears, and tomatoes, you eat the skin, so you should probably buy those organic (or wash them really well) unless you like eating pesticides.
For vegetables, there are certain veggies that don’t require pesticides to keep pests away, mostly because of their high sulfur content. This includes cabbage, onions, garlic, and broccoli. Don’t buy those organic, or you’re a big dummy.
That’s it! Buy organic on the stuff that matters and save your money on the stuff that doesn’t, and you’re in great shape!
The Foods You Should Never Buy Organic
If you loved this article, then check out these other must-see related posts:
Is organic better for your health? A look at milk, meat, eggs, produce and fish.
Good to know
I never buy organic anyways, the stuff is way to expensive and for what reason?
I think that the foods are more expensive because they are handled differently. They are more fresh often times they are sent to the store much faster than others because they are not preserved in any way.
I hated buying organic because the prices were so much higher than “regular” foods, but then I read about how much better they can be for you. I agree, they taste better as well. I am not sure that I would get sucked into buying an organic onion or garlic, however.
These are good tips for a beginner to keep in mind.
I only by a few things that are organic so I know my way around that part of the store. It makes sense that you are not going to find organic onions :)
I cannot believe that I never thought about this. I am going to have to watch the signage at the grocery store a little close now that you got my attention!
Oh yea, buying anything that says organic has become such a game to play. Most of the time you are not even sure what you are getting with the food you buy.
I would say that any fruit with a thick skin or shell would be just fine if it were not Organic. That way it would not be listed that way and cost more in the long run.
I always washed all the fruit that I eat regardless if it was organic or not. You just never know what that person had on their hands that placed that fruit on the shelf. Good tips here!
I am not liking the fact that organic foods gets tossed around so much. It just takes away the meaning of the word in terms of food. Thanks for the tips.
Its weird that I read this now, I swore that I saw an “organic” sign hanging over the white onions in the market the other day. I might have been mistaken, but it makes sense as to why they shouldn’t cost more for that title.
It is hard to buy organic, but at least now I know that these types of foods should not be purchased as “organic”. Never really thought about it, but the onion makes sense!
Buying organic is always going to cost more than it is worth, right? I mean, I have to pay more because they did LESS to my food? That just does not make sense. What you wrote here, however, makes plenty of sense.
I never really thought about this, but it does make sense now. I am not sure that I have ever seen these items sold as “organic”.
I am sure that I have seen “organic” broccoli, right? I never really thought of it as overpriced or anything like that.
The sad thing is that in order for a food to be labeled “organic”, it only has to meet some requirements and in some states, that could still mean they are using pesticides.
I wonder how many people do not think about things like this. Very good points about each of these. The next time I shop, I am going to check to see if these are on the shelf at my store.
Makes perfect since to me. I will be taking these organic food tips to the store with me next time!
I agree. This post is very informative and is worth sharing with others, especially if they are looking to save money!
When I shop, I tend to buy mostly organic, but I can see why these should not be any more expensive for the “organic” label. Thanks for the tips!
It is more expensive to buy organic to begin with, but I guess if you have these tips, at least you can not be fooled at the store.
Being fooled at the store? At least if you buy organic, you know what you are getting, compared to what food is made from preservatives and ‘tastes’ like the real thing.
Hmm. This makes sense, but I never really thought about it before reading your post. Now, I am going to laugh if I see “organic” onions for sale!

domain: food


text:
A 29-year-old patient, 32 weeks' pregnant, with a history of familial interstitial fibrosis, was treated for acute hypoxemia after admission to the intensive care unit. Within 48 hours, this was followed by an emergent cesarean delivery, under general anesthesia, due to acute respiratory failure. Successful perinatal obstetric and anesthetic management resulted in the delivery of a baby and recovery of the mother. Subsequent genomic analysis using next-generation sequencing of the patient's entire exome revealed that she was a carrier of a deleterious mutation in the TERT gene, previously associated with the hereditary forms of interstitial fibrosis.
All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
- General Medicine

domain: medical


text:
Bangla Hunt Desk: Karan Johar with Ranbir Kapoor, Deepika Padukone, Deepika Padukone, Alia Bhatt, Malaika Arora (Malaika Arora) and some of the leading heavyweight stars of Bollywood, everyone knows that Muharram. Their intimacy is very clear in any event starting from attending a party together.
But it was such a party that brought misery to the foreheads of several famous Bollywood stars including Karan. The incident took place in the middle of last year. Karan Johar hosted a family party at his home with close friends. Several popular stars attended the party.
Karan made a video in a gap of the party where all the stars present can be seen. The party was attended by Deepika Padukone, Malaika Aurora, Arjun Kapoor, Shahid Kapoor, Director Ayon Ghoshal, Barun Dhawan, Zoya Akhtar, Vicky Kaushal, Ranbir Kapoor. Varun's girlfriend Natasha Dalal and Shahid's wife Mira Rajput were also present at the party.
The video was posted on social media. Netizens claimed that everyone present at Karan's party was using drugs at that time. Deepika, Ranbir, Varun, Vicky all looked unusual, asleep.
Netizens complained that Malaika could not look at the camera properly. In addition, looking at Vicky Kaushal's face, it seemed that he had taken drugs. Everyone was behaving strangely. There was a lot of fuss about the video at that time. One political leader also lodged a complaint with the police.
#UDTABollywood – Fiction Vs Reality
Watch how the high and mighty of Bollywood proudly flaunt their drugged state !!
– Manjinder Singh Sirsa (mssirsa) July 30, 2019
After that, Karan entered the hall. In an interview, he said, “Everyone who was present at the party was a famous star. They were having a little fun at my house. If they are using drugs, then why should I share the video? ”
After watching the video, netizens claimed that he hid one hand behind Vicky's camera as the cameras turned. He was also seen rubbing his nose. Netizens even claimed that something like white powder was seen next to the actor.
In this context, Karan said, “Can't Vicky put her hand in her phone pocket? Can't even touch the nose? And reading the light on the phone, it seemed like a dusty thing. ” The director added that Vicky had barely recovered from dengue at the time. He was eating with lemon in hot water. Even five minutes before making this video, Karan's mother sat with them.
Even though the issue was covered up like then, the video has gone viral once again. In the current situation, several stars, including Karan, have been criticized for making the video viral again. According to netizens, this is the true face of Bollywood.
The post Deepika-Ranbir-Malaika intoxicated at Karan's party! Again viral extreme controversial video first appeared on Bangla News, বাংলা খবর, Latest Bengali News Live, Bangla Khobor, Bangla Khabar – Bangla Hunt.


text:
The non fruiting cherry tree is a popular ornamental tree that is valued for its beauty and wide range of uses. It is a deciduous tree with an upright form, spreading branches and small, fragrant white flowers that bloom in spring. Its leaves are thin, oval shaped and glossy green in summer and turn yellow to deep red in autumn. The non fruiting cherry tree can be used as a specimen or planted with other trees to create a colorful backdrop or focal point in any landscape. It is also ideal for use as a hedge or windbreak due to its dense branching structure. With its attractive flowers, vibrant foliage and low maintenance requirements, the non fruiting cherry tree is an ideal choice for any garden.A non-fruiting cherry tree has many benefits that make it an attractive choice for landscaping. It is a very low maintenance tree that is easy to take care of and requires minimal pruning. Non-fruiting cherry trees provide lush foliage and vibrant colors in the spring and summer months, while also offering a great source of shade in the summer. Additionally, they are very disease resistant, making them a great choice for areas prone to fungal diseases. Non-fruiting cherry trees also have a long lifespan, with some varieties lasting up to 75 years or more. Lastly, these trees tend to be more pest-resistant than fruiting varieties, which makes them an ideal choice for urban landscapes.
Types of Non-Fruiting Cherry Trees
Non-fruiting cherry trees are a great way to add beauty and shade to your landscape. These trees are available in a variety of sizes, shapes, and colors, making them ideal for any landscape design. Unlike fruiting varieties, non-fruiting cherry trees do not produce edible fruits. They are often used as a decorative element in gardens or landscapes due to their attractive blooms and foliage. There are several types of non-fruiting cherry trees that can be grown in the home garden.
The most common type of non-fruiting cherry tree is the Yoshino Cherry Tree (Prunus × yedoensis). This tree is native to Japan and is known for its white fragrant blooms that emerge in late April or early May. It has an upright branching habit with dark green foliage that turns yellow and orange in the fall. The Yoshino Cherry Tree is a popular choice for landscaping due to its striking appearance and moderate size (up to 25 feet).
Another popular type of non-fruiting cherry tree is the Kwanzan Cherry Tree (Prunus serrulata ‘Kwanzan’). This tree is native to China and Japan and produces large pink flowers that appear in mid-spring. It has an upright branching habit with dark green foliage that turns yellow and orange in the fall. The Kwanzan Cherry Tree can reach heights up to 30 feet tall, making it an excellent choice for larger landscapes or parks.
The Weeping Cherry Tree (Prunus subhirtella) is another type of non-fruiting cherry tree that makes an excellent addition to any landscape. This tree is known for its graceful arching branches covered with delicate pink blossoms each spring. It has an upright habit with light green foliage that turns yellowish-orange in the fall. The Weeping Cherry Tree can reach heights up to 20 feet tall, making it ideal for smaller spaces or gardens where height restrictions apply.
Non-fruiting cherry trees are a great way to add seasonal color and beauty to your garden or landscape without having to worry about harvesting edible fruit. These trees come in a variety of sizes, shapes, colors, and bloom times so you can find one that fits your needs perfectly!
Growing a Non-Fruiting Cherry Tree
Cherry trees are a popular choice for landscaping due to their attractive blossoms and foliage. Unfortunately, some varieties of cherry trees do not produce fruit, which can be a disappointment for gardeners who are looking for edible produce. But there are still many benefits to growing a non-fruiting cherry tree.
One of the major advantages of growing a non-fruiting cherry tree is that it is easier to maintain. Because the tree does not produce fruit, you don’t have to worry about pruning and harvesting, which can be time consuming tasks. This means that you can enjoy the beauty of your cherry tree without having to spend too much time caring for it.
Another benefit of growing a non-fruiting cherry tree is that it will flower more profusely than fruiting varieties. This means that your garden will be filled with stunning blooms throughout the spring and summer months. The vibrant colors and sweet scents produced by these flowers will create a beautiful atmosphere in your garden.
Finally, growing a non-fruiting cherry tree can help attract wildlife to your garden. The flowers provide nectar for bees and other pollinators while the leaves offer shelter and food for birds and other small animals. This adds more life to your garden, making it an enjoyable place to spend time outdoors.
Overall, there are many benefits to growing a non-fruiting cherry tree in your garden regardless of whether or not you want fruits from it. With its attractive blossoms and foliage, it makes an excellent addition to any landscape and is sure to bring beauty and life into your outdoor space.
Best Soil for Non-Fruiting Cherry Tree
Cherry trees are a popular choice for those looking to add some beauty and color to their landscape. But, when planting a non-fruiting cherry tree, the type of soil you choose is important. Non-fruiting cherry trees require good drainage and a slightly acidic soil to thrive. The best soil for non-fruiting cherry trees should be light and well-draining with a pH between 6.0 and 7.0. Adding organic matter such as compost or peat moss can help improve the texture and drainage of the soil, while also adding necessary nutrients to the soil.
When planting non-fruiting cherry trees, it is important to provide them with plenty of space. Cherry trees need plenty of room to spread their roots, so make sure there is at least 8 feet between each tree. Additionally, make sure that the area where you are planting does not have any standing water or wet soils as this can cause root rot in your trees.
It is also important to mulch around your non-fruiting cherry tree after planting. Mulch helps keep moisture in the soil, prevents weeds from taking over the area, and adds organic matter back into the soil as it breaks down over time. The best mulch for non-fruiting cherry trees is shredded bark or wood chips that are about 2 inches deep spread around the base of the tree out to its drip line (the edge of its canopy).
Finally, make sure that your non-fruiting cherry tree gets plenty of water during its first year in order for it to become established and healthy. If possible, use a soaker hose or drip irrigation system which will allow for slow and steady watering that reaches deeply into the root zone without causing runoff or erosion problems. With proper care and attention, your non-fruiting cherry tree will be able to thrive in its new home!
Pruning a Non-Fruiting Cherry Tree
Pruning a non-fruiting cherry tree is an important part of keeping the tree healthy and vibrant. Pruning helps promote new growth and keeps the tree looking its best. Proper pruning techniques can also help reduce the risk of disease and pests.
The best time of year to prune a non-fruiting cherry tree is during late winter or early spring, when the tree is dormant. This allows the cuts to heal before new growth begins in the spring. When pruning, make sure to remove any dead, diseased, or damaged branches first. It’s also important to remove any branches that are crossing or rubbing against one another as this can cause wounds that could lead to disease or pests.
When cutting away branches, make sure to prune at an angle so that water does not collect on the cut surface. Make sure not to cut too close to the trunk or main stem of a branch, as this could damage the vascular system of the tree and lead to further problems with growth and health.
It’s also important to use sharp tools when pruning a non-fruiting cherry tree so that there are clean cuts with minimal damage done to the branch or stem. Regularly cleaning and sharpening your tools will help ensure that you get clean cuts each time you use them.
Finally, it’s important not to over-prune your non-fruiting cherry tree as this can lead to stunted growth and poor health for your tree in the long run. Prune only where necessary and focus on removing dead wood or crossing branches in order to keep your cherry tree healthy and vibrant for years to come.
Planting a Non-Fruiting Cherry Tree
Cherry trees are a beautiful addition to any landscape, and they are especially loved for their showy blossoms and fragrant scent. There are many types of cherry trees, and one that is especially popular is the non-fruiting cherry tree. These trees can be planted in a variety of ways, depending on the size and type of tree you choose. Here are some tips for planting a non-fruiting cherry tree.
The first step in planting a non-fruiting cherry tree is to choose the right location. Make sure the area you plan to plant the tree is suitable for it; it should receive plenty of sunlight throughout the day, have well-draining soil, and be far enough away from any buildings or other obstructions that could block its sunlight or otherwise interfere with its growth.
Once you’ve chosen your spot, it’s time to prepare the soil. If you’re planting in an existing garden bed, simply dig out a hole that’s slightly larger than the root ball of your tree. If you’re planting in an open area without existing plants, make sure to dig out an area large enough to accommodate your tree’s eventual size and shape. Once you’ve dug out the hole, mix in some compost or other organic matter to help improve drainage and add nutrients to the soil.
Next, place your non-fruiting cherry tree into its hole and backfill with more soil until it is level with the rest of your garden bed or field. Once secure, pat down lightly around its base to make sure there are no air pockets that could trap moisture and cause root rot. Finally, water generously so that the roots have plenty of moisture as they begin to establish themselves in their new home.
With these steps completed, your non-fruiting cherry tree should be all set for growth! Be sure to keep an eye on it over time as it will need regular watering during dry spells and periodic pruning as needed to maintain its shape and size. With proper care and attention, you can enjoy this beautiful addition to your landscape for years to come!
When to Plant a Non-Fruiting Cherry Tree
Non-fruiting cherry trees are a great addition to any garden, providing a beautiful display of blooms during spring and summer. When planting one in your garden, it is important to choose the right time of year in order to ensure the best chance of success. Generally, the best time to plant a non-fruiting cherry tree is in early spring, when temperatures begin to rise and frost danger has passed.
The warmer temperatures of early spring will help the tree’s roots establish quickly and get off to a good start. The warmer weather will also make it easier for the tree to absorb water and nutrients, both of which are essential for healthy growth. If you wait until summer or autumn to plant your non-fruiting cherry tree, you may find that it takes longer for its roots to become established and it may not flower as profusely as it would have if you had planted it earlier in the season.
It is also important that you make sure you prepare the soil properly before planting your non-fruiting cherry tree. You should add plenty of organic matter such as compost or well-rotted manure, as this will help improve soil structure and provide essential nutrients for growth. It is also important to water your tree regularly during its first season, especially during dry periods. This will help encourage strong root growth and ensure that your non-fruiting cherry tree gets off to a good start in its new home.
In summary, when planting a non-fruiting cherry tree in your garden, it is best to do so in early spring when temperatures are warmer and frost danger has passed. Make sure you prepare the soil properly beforehand by adding plenty of organic matter such as compost or well-rotted manure, and remember to water your tree regularly during its first season – especially during dry periods – in order to encourage healthy root growth and ensure success.
Caring for a Non-Fruiting Cherry Tree
Caring for a non-fruiting cherry tree requires the same basic maintenance as any other type of cherry tree. However, there are some additional steps that should be taken to ensure the health and longevity of the tree. The most important step is to provide proper watering and fertilization. It is also important to prune the tree regularly to maintain its shape and size. Lastly, mulch should be applied around the base of the tree to help retain moisture and prevent weeds from growing.
When it comes to watering, a non-fruiting cherry tree should be watered deeply but infrequently. This means that instead of frequent shallow waterings, it is better to give the tree one deep watering each week. If possible, use rainwater or drip irrigation for this task as they will both provide more even coverage than sprinklers or hand-held hoses.
Fertilizing is also an important part of caring for a non-fruiting cherry tree. Typically, fertilizer should be applied in early spring and late fall when the temperatures are cool and moisture levels are high. A slow-release fertilizer is recommended as it provides a steady supply of nutrients over time without burning or damaging the root system.
Pruning is essential for keeping a non-fruiting cherry tree healthy and attractive. Pruning helps control growth, remove dead or diseased branches, thin out crowded branches, and encourage new growth in sparse areas. Pruning should be done in early summer before flowering begins; however, if needed, it can also be done in late summer after flowering has finished.
Finally, mulching around the base of a non-fruiting cherry tree can help keep soil moisture levels consistent and reduce weed growth. Mulch should be spread in a layer two to four inches thick around the base of the tree but not touching its trunk directly; this will help prevent diseases such as root rot from developing. Organic mulch such as wood chips or shredded bark works best as they decompose over time providing additional nutrition for the trees roots.
By following these steps, you can ensure that your non-fruiting cherry tree remains healthy and vibrant for many years to come!
Non fruiting cherry trees can be an attractive addition to your garden or landscaping project. They are low maintenance and can grow in a variety of climates. While they do not produce fruit, they do provide beauty and shade. Non fruiting cherry trees are a great choice for anyone looking for an easy to care for tree.
Overall, non fruiting cherry trees are a great choice if you are looking for a low maintenance, beautiful tree that does not produce fruit. They come in many varieties and can add a unique touch to any garden or landscape. Non fruiting cherry trees may not produce fruit, but they can still bring beauty and charm to your yard.


THE National University of Science and Technology (NUST) has urged students in arrears to engage the university and arrange payment plans as end of semester examinations approach, Southern Eye has learnt.
BY TALENT GUMPO
NUST director of communication and marketing Felix Moyo said students without payment plans will not sit for exams.
“We have a system of payment plans, whereby students liaise with the bursar and come up with ways on how they will pay their debts. We have told students to do so, so that come exam time issues of fees payments have been cleared,” he said.
“We know parents are struggling to pay fees in full and we cannot stop students from writing exams, hence, the need for them to make sure they have payment plans, stating the arrangements made for paying the balances.”
Moyo said the university does not anticipate problems with a number of students who are on payment plans as they have adhered to the agreement to date.
“This semester our student enrolment stands at 9 014 and 1 926 of those are on payment plans, and to date, we have not had problems with them, they have not broken the agreement,” he failed.
“However, we are worried about those who are still not registered who will pitch up at the examination rooms and try to forge negotiations there, this year we will not be lenient, we will not allow them to disrupt the exam process.”
According NUST vice-chancellor’s 2016 report, 49% of the cases of students with challenges attended to by the chaplain’s office were of non-payment of fees.
“The number of students approaching the chaplain’s office for financial assistance to cover tuition continued to soar,” the report read.


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As a developer I am constantly taking notes while reading, planning features, and attending conferences. Conferences are the hardest for me because of how fast the talks go. If I’m writing then I have to be quick and my notes end up being illegible.
Here is an example to prove my point:
My notes look cool but impossible to read. That’s what excited me when I heard Mike Rohde was writing a book about sketchnoting.
I’m not good at it, but I love drawing and being able to take notes with drawings and characters excites me. So I picked up his first book, the “Sketchnote Handbook“, and started practicing. With five basic shapes, the alphabet, a little imagination, and practice, you can draw anything. The great thing is drawing simple shapes is faster than writing and much easier to visually look at to remember what the notes were about.
I’ve been able to use the same patterns and tips outside of just notes. For example I use it for feature planning, UI designs, and other areas of my work. If you enjoy drawing even a little get this book. Not only does it include great tips, but it’s a beautiful high quality book. It’s the coolest on my book shelf!
Mike has recently released a new update named the “Sketchnote Workbook” this time when you purchase you not only get the book but also a two hour video. This new update shows you how to take the basic sketchnoting skills taught in the Handbook and use them in new and fun ways like traveling, food journal, and others. What could be cooler?
To give you an example of one of Mike’s sketchnotes take a look at this:
Pretty amazing, right? Not going to lie, my sketches don’t come to close to being this cool but even as an amateur I benefit from the process. Here is one of my practice sessions:
I used my iPad for my practice but during the workday I use pencil and paper. The same patterns can be applied on any medium.
If you are interested in trying new ways of taking notes go buy his book. I highly recommend it.

domain: artistic


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Canon EOS 77D DSLR Camera with 18-135mm IS USM Lens687/3918
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About this product
Explore new ways of shooting with the EOS 77D. The AF system captures six 24.2 megapixel images every second, delivering sharp results, even when shooting fast-moving subjects. Enjoy photos packed with amazing detail, from bright highlights to dark shadows.
The included EF-S 18-135mm f/3.5-5.6 IS USM lens gets you closer to distant subjects and is the perfect lens to carry with you for portrait and landscape photography. Built with an ultrasonic motor for fast autofocus and smooth operation.
Featuring Bluetooth, Wi-Fi and NFC wireless technologies, you can browse photos and control your camera from your smartphone.
When you pick up the EOS 77D, features like its rear control wheel and Vari-angle touchscreen give you more control and creative freedom. A top plate LCD screen shows camera settings at a glance.
Camera model number EOS 77d.
- CMOS sensor type.
- 24.2 megapixels.
- Sensor cleaning.
- Image stabilisation.
- Sensor size 22.3 x 14.9mm.
- Continuous shooting up to 6 frames per second (JPEG).
- Continuous shooting up to 6 frames per second (RAW).
- Red eye reduction.
- Self timer.
- Shutter speed of 1/4000 to 30 sec.
- Scene intelligent auto, no flash, creative auto, portrait, landscape, close-up, program, shutter priority, aperture priority, manual, sports mode, HDR.
- 3in touchscreen screen with TFT technology and live view.
- Auto, white balance bracketing, preset, custom.
- Hot shoe for additional flash.
- Built-in flash.
- Evaluative, partial, centre weighted.
- ISO range from 100 to 25600.
- Auto focus with 45 focus points in the viewfinder, manual focus.
- Wi-Fi, NFC & Bluetooth.
- USB port.
- HDMI mini port.
- Records in PAL.
- Records in NTSC.
- Maximum size H6000 x W4000 in pixels.
- RAW + JPEG.
- Records at 1080p with sound.
- Rechargeable battery.
- Removable battery.
- Requires 1 x (included).
- Standard lens included.
- 7.5 focal length multiplier.
- Lens focal length 18 - 135mm.
- Aperture f/3.5-5.6.
- 67mm filter.
- 39cm minimum shooting distance.
- SD, SDHC, SDXC, (not included).
- Weight 1006g.
- USB cable, shoulder strap, battery charger.
- Size H10, W131, D7.6cm.
- Viewfinder coverage 100%.
- Viewfinder optical adjustment.
- Body only.
- Tripod compatible.
- EAN: 8714574648644.
100% would recommend to a friend
My 77d was a gift from my husband for my 70th birthday..I am overjoyed with it ...love everything about the camera ...just getting to know where and what the buttons do ...keep finding surprises every day what this amazing camera can do .
Great Camera DPP4 program download not responding
I enjoy very much using my 77D unfortunately I am at present unable to make use of the Canon DPP4 program software I downloaded. It doesn't respond to any editing actions I try to do. My computer is a Desk top which I have had for some time, and has a 32 bit chipset.
Wifi & Bluetooth
I have got into Long Exposure Photography and having the Wifi feature to connect to my phone is excellent. You can use a wide variety of features, like using the on-phone timer and shutter release for taking your shot, plus viewing your compositions on the phone.
The small print
*Prices correct as displayed but are subject to change.
The customer and brand answers you’ll see above are submitted independently. As we don’t review these answers, we can’t take responsibility for anything they may say. The responses from Argos colleagues are accurate at the time of publishing. For the latest info, you should check the product page.
This product comes with a minimum one year manufacturer’s guarantee, unless otherwise stated in the specification above.


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TPS Productions, LLC is an events booking and production company located on the island of Martha's Vineyard off the coast of Massachusetts. The company's mission is to bring the island community together to celebrate music and the arts, and to continue to bring talent to the Vineyard from all over the world. We also provide music for weddings and other special events.
A large part of what TPS Productions does is promote local musicians and artists that are based on MV. There is a huge amount of talent right here at home, and we strive to help up-and-coming artists achieve greater heights with their art by teaming them up with larger acts that come here to perform, and by showcasing their talents whenever possible at various venues around the island.
Phil daRosa, the founder of TPS, has produced events on the island for over 5 years, and is responsible for the first annual music festival, MV SOUND Fest, which happens every July in the town of Oak Bluffs. For info on the festival go to www.mvsoundfest.com
Please visit us on Facebook, Twitter & Instagram for more info, or to inquire about an event, or fill out our contact form HERE
Bela Fleck & Abigail Washburn
Dwight & Nicole
Johnny Hoy & The Bluefish
David Wax Museum
Below is a list of some of the acts that TPS has booked on the Vineyard:


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As a follow up of my earlier post on exercise and depression this new study published in Archives of General Psychiatry found that cognitive therapy centered around mindfulness worked as well as the typical antidepressants. And we already know how good meditation is for our brains.
But it is a bit more complicated than that, because the people with depression in this study were already in the remitting stage after having taken antidepressants for their major depression then in the recovered state they either were given a placebo (instead of their antidepressant), continued with the antidepressants, or taken off their medication and receiving mindfulness based therapy/therapy and continuing to practice this therapy at home.
Participants in MBCT attended 8 weekly group sessions and practiced mindfulness as part of daily homework assignments. Clinical assessments were conducted at regular intervals, and over an 18 month period, relapse rates for patients in the MBCT (mindfulness-based cognitive therapy) group did not differ from patients receiving antidepressants (both in the 30% range), whereas patients receiving placebo relapsed at a significantly higher rate (70%).
Interesting study with even more interesting implications.

domain: health


A flight data recorder (FDR) is a device that records information about airplane flights. Also known as a black box, it receives data via a system of sensors concerning altitude, speed, and a variety of other information. It records and saves this information about each flight the airplane takes. The FDR is built to survive a crash with its data intact and is usually located in the tail section of the plane. In case of an accident, this data is often very valuable and can help investigators figure out what happened.
Also referred to as an accident data recorder or ADR, the flight data recorder is one of two devices that records flight information. The other device is the cockpit voice recorder, which records all conversation that occurs in the airplane's cockpit between the pilot and other personnel, and is capable of saving from 30 minutes to 2 hours worth of sound. The flight data recorder receives and records information about the plane itself and can save up to 25 hours worth of data. Together these two units are often called the "black box" and can provide insight into the details of an airplane's journey.
The flight data recorder receives information about the airplane's functioning from a network of sensors located throughout the plane. The data received is recorded; depending on the age of the plane it is saved on magnetic tape or electronically. A wealth of data is compiled to give complete information about whether the airplane is operating correctly. This information includes the plane's speed, altitude, acceleration, heading or direction, fuel flow and consumption, rudder position, and control wheel position. It also records electronic signals between the airplane's systems and operation data such as the activation of various switches and controls.
The primary purpose of the flight data recorder is to provide a complete picture of flight conditions in the event of an accident when combined with the cockpit voice recorder. The unit is built to survive the extreme forces that can occur in crash situations, and is also able to survive exposure to fire and water. It is usually located in the area of the airplane that is most likely to survive a crash intact, i.e., the tail section. Once the flight data recorder is retrieved, investigators are able to use it to help recreate the events prior to a crash, and can even create computer animations of the flight. Accident investigators are able to analyze the information to figure out the cause of the crash.


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A man in Michigan who suffered from a rare kind of cancer and lost half of his face to the disease is receiving a second shot at life due to a surgeon who is assisting him in rebuilding his features using skin taken from his leg and forearm.
Tim McGrath is speaking out for the first time about his three-year fight in an exclusive interview with PEOPLE. He also explains why he is happy that his story has gone viral.
After McGrath complained of jaw discomfort in February 2014, he saw his primary doctor who made the first diagnosis of synovial sarcoma.
McGrath continues, “I had a biopsy, and due to the unusual nature of the sample, it was sent to a specialized lab for analysis.” It was first hypothesized that it was a tumor of the pituitary gland, which are typically of a benign nature. I’m sorry to report that I have some unpleasant news.”
The Liddy Shriver Sarcoma Initiative reports that rarely 1-3 out of every million persons are diagnosed with the illness each year. Sarcoma is a kind of cancer that affects soft tissues and most often manifests itself in the legs or neck.
After understanding how invasive the process would be to remove it, McGrath first sought for non-surgical remedies as an alternative to having it removed.
According to McGrath, “I despised hospitals and I was very health conscious prior to receiving the diagnosis.” “I felt I had the discipline to seek other modalities.”
The naturopathic therapies that McGrath elected to use included, among other things, a stringent diet, a supplement program, energy therapy, and psychological counseling. However, over the course of the subsequent 18 months, the tumor continued to expand, and by the middle of May 2015, McGrath was compelled to have a tracheotomy and a feeding tube inserted.


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|Yang Jiechi Holds Telephone Talks with Foreign Policy Advisor to the President of France Philippe Etienne at Request|
On December 1, 2017, Member of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) and State Councilor Yang Jiechi held telephone talks with Foreign Policy Advisor to the President of France Philippe Etienne at request.
Yang Jiechi pointed out that guided and promoted by President Xi Jinping and President Emmanuel Macron, China-France relations are keeping healthy and steady development. The two countries have conducted intensive high-level exchanges and pushed forward cooperation in key areas and major projects with full strength, which constantly gathers driving force for the development of China-France relations in a faster and better manner in the new era.
Philippe Etienne congratulated on the successful convening of the 19th CPC National Congress and expressed that France is looking forward to deepening cooperation with China in various fields and in international affairs so as to promote in-depth development of France-China comprehensive strategic partnership.
Both sides exchanged views on climate change and other issues. Yang Jiechi stressed that tackling climate change is an important part of China's development concept and also the consensus of the international community. China is willing to make joint efforts with the international community, including France to strengthen cooperation to this end.


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Communications Minister Helen Coonan will no longer decide when Telstra can switch off its CDMA network -- that responsibility now falls on Attorney-General Philip Ruddock.
Coonan handed over the decision -- on how and when the CDMA network will be closed -- to Ruddock on Friday, charging him with deciding whether a recent draft amendment to Telstra's carrier licence, which prevents the telco from switching off the network without government permission, will go ahead.
Ruddock today accepted the licence condition changes, meaning Telstra will now need to seek approval from the government before killing CDMA.
The controversy surrounding the switch off scheduled for the end of January 2008, has ramped up recently, with Telstra announcing its intention to take the Minister to court.
The telco alleges Coonan is "hamper[ing] the Next G network broadband deployment by prejudging the outcome of her consultation with Telstra on the draft CDMA licence condition".
The Minister denies the charge, saying she had given Telstra 30 days to make submissions regarding the proposed amendment and had been reviewing them when the telco announced the court action.
"So as to ensure that there is no suggestion of prejudgement regarding this decision and to ensure that Australian taxpayers and Telstra shareholders are spared unnecessary delay and expense, the Attorney-General will take on the role of decision maker," she said in a statement.
Geoff Booth, GMD of Telstra Country Wide, said Coonan had passed on the decision-making to Ruddock for political reasons.
"You would have to believe Mr Ruddock made up his mind even before getting the job on Friday -- which is incredible he was only put in the position of deciding the matter because Minister Coonan fell into the same trap. Minister Coonan only stepped aside for one reason -- it was obvious that she had prejudged the matter and it would never have stood up in court.
"Now she has achieved the same outcome through political games, but in the process left the Attorney-General vulnerable to the very same charge," he said.
Both the government and Telstra have said they will not allow the closure of the CDMA network until its replacement, the Next G mobile network, provides equal or better coverage. While Telstra says it expects that threshold to be crossed in October of this year, the Minister believes there is not sufficient time before the proposed closure for the government to independently audit the network's performance.


Disposable containers production Line
Generally, all disposable containers are divided in two categories: semi-forming (PS) and thermo-forming (PP). They differ in consuming materials, production stages and price. In all disposable container production machines the raw material melt and then are formed into sheets and get different shapes via pressing and shaping processes. In semi-forming machines, all above-mentioned stages are integrated and the consuming material is polystyrene (PS). These machines generally produce fragile containers. However, these machines produce majority of disposable containers, including bowls, cups, dishes and mushroom container. The reason is the low price of semi-forming machines compared to forming-machines. Since the containers are fragile and harmful, especially in dealing with hot, these machines are not recommended for producing disposable glasses.
Polypropylene (PP) is the main consuming material of forming machines. These machines are composed of two parts: sheet making and pressing (containers production). Therefore, in addition to selling the final product of these machines, the produced sheets could be used in different industries. Since propylene is flexible and is not harmful to human body, disposable glasses are currently made by thermo-forming machines.
It should be noted that conventional plastic injection machines are used to produce disposable forks & spoons & knives and thick disposable containers such as trays, dessert and ice cream containers and so forth. The only difference is the changeability of molds by which the containers can be produced in different models and cavities (number of products in each press) in accordance with customers’ order.
Kinds of disposable containers production Lines:
- Semi-forming (PS) disposable container production machine
- Forming (PP) disposable container production machine
- Sheet making machine
- Fruit tray production machine
- Seedling tray production machine
- Dental tray production machine


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Positive COVID test marks 100th case in Public Health Sudbury & Districts coverage area
Someone in the Manitoulin district has tested positive for COVID-19, Public Health Sudbury & Districts reported Wednesday, marking the 100th case in the district since the pandemic began in March. (File)
SUDBURY -- Someone in the Manitoulin district has tested positive for COVID-19, Public Health Sudbury & Districts reported Wednesday, marking the 100th case in the district since the pandemic began in March.
The positive test is the sixth in the area since Saturday.
"Through contact tracing, Public Health will notify all close contacts directly," the health unit said in a news release. "If you are not contacted by Public Health, you are not considered a close contact."
The person with COVID contracted the disease through travel, Public Health said. The age and gender of people who test positive is no longer made public, under a new policy announced recently.
"All residents who are planning to travel should be aware that COVID-19 is still circulating at different levels around the province," the release said. "The safest options are to stay in the area of your home community or to stay in the region."
For anyone who has recently travelled, visit the Public Health Agency of Canada website for updates on COVID-19 exposures.
"If you think you have travelled somewhere (within or outside of Ontario) where you may have been exposed to COVID-19, call us at 705.522.9200 (toll-free 1.866.522.9200)," the release said.
Anyone who has travelled outside of Canada is directed to self-isolate for 14 days from their arrival in Canada.


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Www.digitalplayspace.com - Delta Airlines Emotional Support Animal Verification Document. 3D Cartoon animation has arrive up as among quite possibly the most endorsed systems in the present computer age. This can be a kind of graphic imaging that has taken above 2nd or scale model puppets too as drawings which were being normally known as stop motion animation. Above the a long time, there was an at any time escalating demand for cartoon videos too given that the use of 3D cartoon animation within the media for endorsement of brand names that has initiated improved and even more sophisticated imaging software's in the market. This is certainly related to Delta Airlines Emotional Support Animal Verification Document.
This informative article talks regarding the big difference of cartoon and anime, as well as definition of each in numerous categories. Anime, primarily from Japan, displays alone to get lots further and nicely thought-out in plot and character improvement than individuals of cartoons.
If you have been to check with many of us what their favourite productions had been little doubt each might have their own unique lists. You would be amazed within the variety of animated kinds that will be integrated. Therefore if who ever mentioned that cartoons are for children? They are something that touches the hearts of the young and old for either gender.See Also: Eastwood Animal Clinic Hours
Scrapbooking is quickly becoming a very popular career choice for those considering combining their love for art with their love for calculating. With movies like Monsters Inc. and Cars holding the interest of kids and adults alike, so it's not surprising that animation technicians have become more sought after.
Similar to Delta Airlines Emotional Support Animal Verification Document, A cartoon is defined like a visual shift in a spectacle connected to time. The visual change in the scene isn't only related to the change in the position of this object, but additionally having its shape, color, transparency, texture and structure. An important thing about cartoon is that it usually signifies the hand attracted or drawn sequence of images, which contrasts to the movies where performers performances with real-world scenes are recorded.
Animation may be employed to inform, instruct, promote and express emotions equally as live activity can employing the very same techniques; such as for instance the employment of colour, picture language and noise.


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Occupy protesters sue over free speech, force
In this Nov. 18, 2011 file photo, University of California, Davis Police Lt. John Pike uses pepper spray to move Occupy UC Davis protesters while blocking their exit from the school's quad in Davis, Calif.
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- Leicester City suffered a 2-0 defeat to Man City at the King Power Stadium
- Goals from Mendy and Jesus sealed the victory for the Citizens after a tough first half
- The defeat has now put an end to the Foxes four games unbeaten run
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Manchester City further consolidated their position on the Premier League table after beating Leicester City 2-0 at the King Power Stadium.
A goal each from Benjamin Mendy and Gabriel Jesus were all the Citizens needed to claim maximum points against one of their toughest rivals.
Pep Guardiola's men are now closer to winning their third title in four seasons as they remain at the summit of the table with 74 points after 31 games.
Manchester United are the closest to them but they trail the log-leaders with 17 points, though, they have two games in hand.
It wasn't very easy for City in the early minutes of the game as most of their efforts were neutralised by the Foxes.
The Etihad Stadium side had an opportunity to take the lead in the opening half but the goal was ruled out for offside and till the end of the first stanza, none of the two teams got close.
Brendan Rodgers men on the other hand maintain their five points gap over Chelsea who also lost to struggling West Bromwich Albion earlier this weekend.
With the current standing, the Foxes will play in the Champions League next term, but they must ensure they keep the momentum until the end of the season.
Legit.ng earlier reported that Africa's most expensive player Victor Osimhen was on target for Napoli in their 4-3 triumph over Crotone in their Serie A clash at the Stadio Diego Armando Maradona.
The 22-year-old recorded his name on the scores sheet in the 22nd minute after converting Lorenzo Insigne's cross from the left side of the 18-yeard box from close range.
Coach Gennaro Gattuso's men were in control of possession in the early minutes of the game and they had all the time to spring passes across the opponent's danger zone.

domain: game