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In this article, we will check out the top 10 greatest skateboarders of all time.
Skateboarding has been around for over half a century, and during that time, countless individuals have contributed to the sport’s evolution.
Skateboarding is now considered a mainstream sport and has its place in the Olympics. However, some skateboarders stand out from the rest and have made a significant impact on the sport, inspiring generations of skaters to come.
The following list comprises ten of the greatest skateboarders of all time, based on their contributions, impact on the sport, and the unique style they brought to skateboarding.
From early pioneers to modern-day legends, these skateboarders have pushed the limits of what is possible on four wheels, and their influence can be seen in the way skateboarding is practiced and enjoyed today. Let’s dive into the top ten skateboarders of all time.
Table of contents
Top 10 Greatest Skateboarders Of All Time
10. Alexis Sablone
Alexis Sablone is widely considered one of the top 10 greatest skateboarders of all time. Born in Old Saybrook, Connecticut in 1986, Sablone’s love for skateboarding began at a young age when she discovered a discarded skateboard in a neighbor’s trash.
From that moment on, she was hooked and would go on to become one of the most accomplished female skateboarders in the world.
Sablone’s talent on the skateboard quickly became apparent as she began to make a name for herself in the early 2000s.
She has also won multiple Dew Tour championships and other prestigious contests, solidifying her status as a dominant force in women’s skateboarding.
What sets Sablone apart from many of her peers is not only her impressive list of accomplishments but also her unique approach to skateboarding.
Her style is characterized by technical precision, creativity, and innovative use of the environment around her.
Sablone is known for her ability to seamlessly blend technical tricks with big airs and stylish lines, making her one of the most versatile skateboarders in the world.
Sablone’s impact on the skateboarding world extends far beyond her impressive contest results.
She is a role model for many young skaters, particularly young girls who may not have many female skateboarding role models to look up to.
9. Paul Martin Rodriguez Jr
Paul Martin Rodriguez Jr, also known as “P-Rod,” is a professional skateboarder who has been widely regarded as one of the top 10 greatest skateboarders of all time.
He was born in Tarzana, California, on December 31, 1984, and started skateboarding at the age of six. He quickly gained recognition for his skills, and by the time he was a teenager, he was already a sponsored skateboarder.
P-Rod is known for his technical skills, speed, and consistency, which have earned him numerous titles and awards throughout his career. He has also been featured in numerous skateboarding videos, including his own signature shoe line, which he launched in 2005.
P-Rod’s impact on the skateboarding community goes beyond his competition wins and signature products.
He has been a role model and mentor for many aspiring skateboarders, and has worked tirelessly to promote skateboarding as a positive and inclusive activity.
Overall, Paul Rodriguez Jr’s impact on the sport of skateboarding has been significant and lasting.
8. Stacy Peralta
Stacy Peralta, born on October 15, 1957, is considered one of the top 10 greatest skateboarders of all time.
He is an iconic figure in the skateboarding community and has revolutionized the sport with his innovative tricks and unique style. P
Peralta’s influence extends beyond his skateboarding career, as he has also played an instrumental role in the growth and development of the industry.
Peralta’s rise to fame began in the 1970s when he was a member of the iconic Zephyr skate team, also known as the Z-Boys.
Along with Tony Alva and Jay Adams, Peralta helped bring skateboarding to mainstream attention with their dynamic and aggressive style.
Peralta’s signature move was the frontside air, a trick that he perfected and popularized.
After retiring from competitive skateboarding, Peralta pursued a career as a filmmaker and produced several influential documentaries, including “Dogtown and Z-Boys” and “Riding Giants.”
These films explored the history and culture of skateboarding, giving audiences an inside look into the sport and its evolution.
Peralta’s films were not only entertaining but also educational, inspiring a new generation of skateboarders and further cementing his legacy as an important figure in the industry.
He is a pioneer of the sport, a visionary filmmaker, and a successful entrepreneur. His legacy will continue to inspire generations of skateboarders and his influence will be felt for years to come.
7. Tony Alva
Tony Alva is a legendary skateboarder and one of the most influential figures in the sport’s history.
He was born in Santa Monica, California in 1957 and grew up surfing and skateboarding in the Venice Beach area.
He began skateboarding at the age of ten and quickly made a name for himself in the local skateboarding scene.
Alva is known for his aggressive and innovative style of skateboarding, which helped to revolutionize the sport in the 1970s.
He was one of the pioneers of vertical skateboarding, which involves riding and performing tricks on ramps and half-pipes.
He was the first skateboarder to perform an aerial maneuver, in which he launched himself off the ramp and into the air. This move became known as the “frontside air” and is now a standard trick in the sport.
Alva was also one of the founding members of the legendary Zephyr skateboarding team, also known as the Z-Boys.
The team, which included other iconic skateboarders such as Stacy Peralta and Jay Adams, helped to popularize skateboarding and inspire a generation of young skaters.
Alva’s performances and style on the skateboard were captured in the documentary film “Dogtown and Z-Boys,” which tells the story of the Zephyr team and their impact on the sport.
His innovative style and contributions to skateboarding culture have inspired generations of skaters, and his legacy continues to be felt today.
6. Daewon Song
Daewon Song is a professional skateboarder and entrepreneur who has left an indelible mark on the world of skateboarding.
He was born in Seoul, South Korea, in 1975, and moved to the United States with his family when he was 11 years old.
Daewon’s talents quickly caught the attention of the skateboarding community, and he began to gain a following among fans and fellow skaters.
In 1990, he turned pro and joined the World Industries team, where he would spend the next decade pushing the limits of what was possible on a skateboard.
Daewon’s innovative tricks and fearless approach to skating earned him a reputation as one of the most creative and talented skateboarders of his time.
Throughout his career, Daewon has won numerous awards and accolades, including the “Skater of the Year” award in 2006 by Thrasher magazine.
He has also appeared in several skateboarding videos, including “Almost Round Three” and “The End.”
Daewon’s influence on the world of skateboarding extends beyond his skills on a board. He has also been a pioneer in the development of new skateboarding technologies and equipment, including designing and marketing his own line of shoes and clothing.
Daewon’s legacy is a testament to the power of creativity, hard work, and passion, and he will always be remembered as one of the greatest skateboarders of all time.
5. Patti McGee
Patti McGee is an American skateboarder who was born in Santa Monica, California, in 1945. She is considered to be one of the top 10 greatest skateboarders of all time. Patti was introduced to skateboarding in 1964 when she was just 19 years old.
At the time, skateboarding was still a relatively new and obscure sport, but it quickly gained popularity among young people in California.
Patti’s skill and talent on a skateboard quickly became apparent, and she began to attract attention from other skateboarders and enthusiasts.
Patti’s legacy as a skateboarder extends beyond just her impressive competition record. She was also a pioneer for women in sports and helped to break down gender barriers in the skateboarding world.
4. Nyjah Imani Huston
Nyjah Imani Huston is undoubtedly one of the top 10 greatest skateboarders of all time. Born on November 30, 1994, in Davis, California, Nyjah began skateboarding at the young age of five.
By the time he was nine, he had already won his first major skateboarding competition. Since then, he has gone on to become a household name in the skateboarding community, winning numerous competitions and accolades.
One of Nyjah’s greatest strengths as a skateboarder is his incredible consistency. He is known for his ability to land difficult tricks with ease and has been dubbed a “contest machine” by his peers.
His style is characterized by a combination of technical tricks and big airs, making him a well-rounded skateboarder.
Another factor that sets Nyjah apart from other skateboarders is his work ethic. He is known for his relentless dedication to skateboarding and spends hours every day perfecting his craft.
He is constantly pushing himself to improve and take his skating to the next level. Nyjah’s discipline and commitment have made him one of the most successful skateboarders of all time.
He has also been a trailblazer in terms of sponsorships and endorsements, landing major deals with companies like Nike and Monster Energy.
Nyjah’s success has helped to raise the profile of skateboarding and has made it a more viable career option for young athletes.
3. Mark Gonzales
Mark Gonzales, also known as “Gonz,” is a legendary skateboarder who has been credited with revolutionizing the sport.
He was born on June 1, 1968, in South Gate, California, and started skating at the age of 13. He quickly gained recognition for his unique style and innovative tricks, which earned him a place in the top 10 greatest skateboarders of all time.
Gonzales is known for his creative approach to skateboarding, often incorporating street elements and freestyle tricks into his routines.
He is also credited with inventing numerous tricks, including the famous “beanplant,” a move in which the skater plants their front foot on the coping of a ramp while holding onto the tail of the board and using their back foot to push off the ramp.
In addition to his impressive skills on the board, Gonzales is also a prolific artist and has contributed to the development of the street art movement.
He has created numerous pieces of art and is known for his use of unconventional materials, including skateboards, shoes, and even food.
He has also been featured in various skateboarding documentaries, including “The Search for Animal Chin” and “Video Days.”
2. John Rodney Mullen
John Rodney Mullen, widely known as Rodney Mullen, is a professional skateboarder who has gained legendary status in the skateboarding world.
Born on August 17, 1966, in Gainesville, Florida, Mullen is widely regarded as one of the top 10 greatest skateboarders of all time.
He is often called the “Godfather of Modern Skateboarding” because of his innovations that have helped shape the sport.
Mullen’s career began in the 1980s, when he dominated the skateboarding scene, winning multiple world championships and inventing some of the most influential skateboarding tricks.
He was known for his freestyle skateboarding, which was characterized by technical moves that were both innovative and difficult to execute.
Mullen is credited with inventing many of the most well-known skateboarding tricks, including the kickflip, heelflip, and 360 flips, which are now considered fundamental tricks in modern skateboarding.
Mullen’s contributions to skateboarding have had a profound impact on the sport. He has inspired countless skaters to push the boundaries of what is possible, and his tricks and style continue to influence the evolution of skateboarding today.
1. Tony Hawk
Tony Hawk is widely considered one of the greatest skateboarders of all time. He was born in San Diego, California in 1968 and started skating at a young age.
By the time he was 14 years old, he had turned professional and was already making waves in the skateboarding scene.
Over the years, Hawk has won numerous championships and broken several records, establishing himself as an icon in the sport.
Hawk’s signature move, the 900, is a testament to his incredible skill and determination. This complex trick involves completing two and a half mid-air revolutions before landing back on the skateboard.
Hawk is the first person to have ever landed this trick in competition, and he has done it multiple times since. This feat alone is enough to cement his status as one of the all-time greats.
Hawk is not just a skilled skater but also a savvy entrepreneur. He has created a brand that is synonymous with skateboarding and has helped to popularize the sport around the world.
His video game series, Tony Hawk’s Pro Skater, is a classic and has introduced millions of people to the sport.
His legacy will continue to live on for years to come, and he will always be remembered as one of the greatest skateboarders of all time.
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domain: hobby


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|Alternative reference number
|Copy letter from Robert William Frederick Harrison, to HM Walmsley, Principal, Northampton Institute, Clerkenwell
|8 March 1906
|Harrison writes to explain that Walmsley's application for the Northampton Instute is not being ignored, but they have to wait for a number of such applications to accumulate, at which point the Library Committee will make a decision on them. Walmsley's application will soon be considered.
|NLB/32/426 is a faded copy of this letter

domain: library


Tarini Jindal Handa grew up surrounded by the arts. “My grandmother started India’s first art residency and my mother founded the Art Magazine of India,” she says. “I knew very early on that I wanted to continue their legacy.” She’s poised to follow suit by opening æquō, India’s first-ever collectible design gallery, which seeks to introduce Western designers to the country’s deeply rooted handicraft traditions, invite them to work collaboratively with the gallery’s extensive network of skilled artisans, and open up a dialogue between cultures.
Founded with creative director Florence Louisy, the gallery opened earlier this year in a sun-drenched historic building in Mumbai’s bustling Colaba neighborhood reimagined by architect Ivan Oddos. Every material has been sourced locally, from teak wood cladding Parisian-style interior glass doors to Kota stone and red terra cotta. Louisy is kicking off the gallery’s programming with her own diverse assortment of sculptural pieces, which range from curved oak furnishings built in Mysore and silver-plated tables made in Jaipur to linen rugs hand-knit in Uttar Pradesh.


Anna Benson was back in the news last week when she was arrested for allegedly demanding $30,000 from her estranged husband after storming into his apartment clad in all-black, sporting a bulletproof vest and a host of weapons.
But while we wait for the legal drama to play out for the wife of former MLB hurler Kris Benson, currently being held without bail in Georgia, a shocking story from her past has surfaced.
Benson, then known as Anna Warren, was once the target of a national manhunt in connection to the slaying of an 18-year-old Knoxville man, according to an exclusive in the New York Daily News .
The future "baseball's hottest wife" was 19 at the time of the 1996 slaying and sharing an apartment with her then-boyfriend Paul Dejongh. Police issued arrest warrants for both in the death of Michael Evans, a community college student preparing to enlist in the Navy.
According to the Daily News, the lead investigator in the case says witnesses recalled Benson telling her boyfrie...


PHOENIX – While the biggest campaign story last week was the Obama Administration’s attempt to curry favor with Latino voters through temporary and limited deportation deferrals, Governor Jan Brewer’s competing Executive Order reinforcing Arizona’s existing ban on public benefits for illegal immigrants led to a curious response from Democrat Richard Carmona, candidate for U.S. Senate.
Carmona, recruited to run by President Barack Obama and asked Friday by a television reporter about Brewer’s order, had nothing to say.
"Richard Carmona became a Democrat and got into the race because the President asked him to, and immigration was going to be the topmost issue in their plan to increase support among Latino voters, which included suing Arizona over SB 1070,” said Arizona Republican Party spokesman Tim Sifert."But Carmona has now gone flat on this issue, he knows he’s running uphill and needs to lighten the load by dropping his unpopular political baggage as quickly as possible. What kind of leadership is that?”
"...Democratic Senate Candidate Richard Carmona says he doesn’t have an opinion on Republican Governor Jan Brewer’s order to block certain immigrants from getting public benefits.” (Dennis Welch,"Good Evening Arizona 6PM” 3TV, www.azfamily.com, 8-17-2012)
Richard Carmona Previously Strongly Opposed Arizona’s Illegal Immigration Reforms
"He Also Said He Doesn’t Look Fondly On State Laws Aimed At Illegal Immigrants. ‘That’s A Federal Responsibility,’ Carmona Said. During the last election in 2010, Arizona Gov. Jan Brewer signed Senate Bill 1070, which ordered police here to enforce immigration laws. That move propelled her to any easy win against Democratic Attorney General Terry Goddard. Carmona said some conservative calls for deportation of illegal immigrants already in the U.S. is mean-spirited and unrealistic.” (Mike Sunnucks,"Carmona Hopes Independent Streak, Life Story Resonate In Senate Race,” Phoenix Business Journal, 1/23/12)
"I looked at where the Republican Party was on certain issues in my state, like on women’s health, on immigration, some of the educational issues, I really couldn’t align with them there, and the fact is that the Democratic Party was more closely aligned with where my values were on key issues in our state,” (Interview with Juan Williams,"Richard Carmona on Immigration and Elections” Fox News Latino, June 27, 2012)
#azgop #richardcarmona #azsen


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STOCKHOLM, May 28 (Reuters) - Sweden’s central bank will work with commercial lender Handelsbanken to test how the country’s proposed digital currency - the e-krona - could handle payments in the real world, the Riksbank said on Friday.
Central banks around the world are looking at launching digital currencies (CBDCs) in response to rapid developments in technology and financial infrastructure, such as the rise cryptocurrencies, falling cash use and the need for instant cross-border payments.
“The e-krona pilot is therefore moving on from only having simulated participants to cooperation with external participants in the test environment,” the Riksbank said in a statement.
In April, the Riksbank said it would seek to include commercial banks in its next phase of testing which would evaluate how the e-krona could be used for both large commercial and small retail payments.
“For Handelsbanken, the project means the opportunity to participate in what may be among the first digital central bank-issued money in the world to be available to the public,” Handelsbanken said in a statement.
So far, most central banks have only got as far as researching CBDCs. Only the Bahamas has launched one, and Sweden and China are the only other nations to have begun testing.
A survey in January by the Bank for International Settlements said central banks representing one-fifth of the world’s population are likely to issue their own digital currencies in the next three years.
Reporting by Colm Fulton; Editing by Simon Johnson
Our Standards: The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles.

domain: news


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Todd Rundgren has announced details of his new album titled White Knight.
It’ll launch on May 12 via Cleopatra Records and features guest appearances from a number of artists including Joe Walsh, Trent Reznor, Atticus Ross, Daryl Hall, Joe Satriani, Dam Funk, Bobby Strickland, John Boutte, Joe Fagen and Bettye LaVette.
Rundgren says: “It’s easy to get used to playing to your own audience, even if you are absorbing and experimenting with new ideas.
“I wanted to collaborate not just for the musical possibilities, but also to play for new audiences and expose my fans to the range of artists I enjoy working with.”
White Knight is now available for pre-order (opens in new tab), while the cover art and tracklist can be found below – along with a stream of the track That Could Have Been Me featuring Robyn.
Rundgren has also announced a run of US tour dates, with further shows to be added in due course.
- Brian Johnson to launch TV interview series
- New Issue Of Prog On Sale Now
- What's next for Brian Johnson? The new issue of Classic Rock is on sale now
- Read Classic Rock, Metal Hammer & Prog for free with TeamRock+
Todd Rundgren White Knight tracklist
- Got Your Back (with KK Watson, Dam Funk)
- Chance For Us (with Daryl Hall, Bobby Strickland
- Beginning (Of The End) (with John Boutte)
- Tin Foil Hat (with Donald Fagen)
- Look At Me feat (with Michael Holman)
- Lets Do This (with Moe Berg)
- Sleep (with Joe Walsh)
- That Could Have Been Me (with Robyn)
- Deaf Ears (with Trent Reznor, Atticus Ross)
- Naked & Afraid (with Bettye LaVette)
- Buy My T
- Wouldn’t You Like To Know (with Rebop Rundgren)
- This Is Not A Drill (with Joe Satriani, Prairie Prince, Kasim Sulton)
Todd Rundgren 2017 tour dates
Apr 29: St Louis River City Casino And Hotel, MO
May 02: Burnsville Ames Center, MN
May 03: Waukegan Genesee Theater, IL
May 05: Columbus Express Live!, OH
May 08: Cleveland House Of Blues, OH
May 10: North Tonawanda Riviera Theater, NY
May 11: Tarrytown Music Hall, NY
May 13: Kingston Ulster PAC, NY
May 14: East Greenwich Greenwich Odeum, RI
May 17: Salisbury Blue Ocean Music Hall, MA
May 18: Portland Aura, ME
May 25: Ft. Myers Barbara B. Mann Performing Arts Hall, FL
May 27: St Petersburg The Mahaffey Theater, FL
Jun 10: Syracuse OCC Campus 35th Syracuse Jazz Festival, NY

domain: entertainment


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Indulge in our chocolate snickers cake. A chocolate flavoured sponge cake smothered in peanut butter flavoured frosting, Dripped with milk chocolate sauce, spun with peanut butter and decorated with snickers.
***5 Days Notice Required*** Your order will be confirmed with you via Email
Please put your desired delivery/collection date in the ”notes’ section at checkout
Allergen Advice – Contains Gluten, Eggs, Milk, Peanuts, Nuts
(Made in a Bakery that handles NUTS & SEEDS)

domain: food


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A collection of autographed custom trading cards from the players, coaches, and notable figures in Minnesota sports history.
Saturday, October 18, 2014
Scott Brooks came to the Timberwolves prior to their second season to serve as the backup to point guard Pooh Richardson. For two years under Bill Musselman, Brooks' hustle made him a fan favorite. He moved on to Houston and won an NBA title with the Rockets in 1994. These days, of course, he's best known as the head coach of the perennial contender Oklahoma City Thunder.

domain: sports


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Bollywood stars Wednesday graced the 18th Lions Gold Awards here that recognizes and facilitates the outstanding talents from the showbiz world.
Thursday, January 12, 2012 1:19:15 AM
Agra, Jan 11 (IANS) Director Suman Ganguli is all set to shoot Gracy Singh-starrer 'Blue Mountain', which is reportedly inspired by singer Vani Jayaram who once alleged that none other than Lata Mangeshkar had nipped her Bollywood career in the bud.
Wednesday, January 11, 2012 5:43:52 PM
If she effortlessly essayed the role of a sex symbol in 'The Dirty Picutre', it was a cakewalk to play a pregnant woman in search of her husband in 'Kahaani', says Vidya Balan.
Wednesday, January 11, 2012 4:40:43 PM
Actor Abhishek Bachchan has taken a dig at those who rue that awards are rigged, saying 'we are bad losers'.
Wednesday, January 11, 2012 3:37:11 PM
Superstar Shah Rukh Khan paid a visit to the Bachchan residence to meet Aishwarya-Abhishek's newborn daughter.
Wednesday, January 11, 2012 3:33:41 PM
Hrithik Roshan is multitasking -- he is not only promoting his forthcoming release 'Agneepath', but also working on his fitness for his role in his father's production venture 'Krrish 2'.
Wednesday, January 11, 2012 3:11:31 PM
Young girls usually swoon over actors, but Rohit Shetty is one rare director who has floored a female contestant of UTV Bindass' 'Big Switch 3' with his charming looks.
Wednesday, January 11, 2012 2:58:11 PM
Talk-show queen Oprah Winfrey is coming to India next week and has expressed desire to meet Bollywood couple Abhishek Bachchan and Aishwarya Rai Bachchan, whom she hosted on her popular talk show, and the junior B has confirmed the news.
Wednesday, January 11, 2012 1:25:21 PM
Singer Shubha Mudgal and tabla maestro Aneesh Pradhan's annual music festival will introduce a conclave this time that will address various issues plaguing the music industry.
Wednesday, January 11, 2012 1:25:11 PM
Raj Kumar Santoshi's new romantic comedy featuring Abhay Deol and Sonam Kapoor goes on the floors Feb 1.
Wednesday, January 11, 2012 1:13:31 PM
Megastar Amitabh Bachchan Tuesday released 'Rangeele', the new album of soulful singer Kailash Kher.
Tuesday, January 10, 2012 10:18:20 PM
Bollywood heartthrob Hrithik Roshan, who has been having health trouble for some time, says he wishes for good health and prays to stay fit on his 38th birthday.
Tuesday, January 10, 2012 8:16:49 PM
Bollywood actor Aamir Khan will urge people not to vote for candidates with criminal background in upcoming elections in Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, Uttarakhand, Goa and Manipur.
Tuesday, January 10, 2012 7:51:27 PM
Bipasha Basu's crazy birthday party is out there on the internet for all to see. But the leaked video has left the actress miffed as she feels her privacy has been invaded.
Tuesday, January 10, 2012 7:11:58 PM
New Delhi, Jan 10 (IANS) If the grapevine is to believed, Hollywood biggie Richard Gere may feature in 'I Am Kalam' fame director Nila Madhab Panda's next, an untitled project based on the issue of world food security.
Tuesday, January 10, 2012 7:05:38 PM
Bollywood superstar Shah Rukh Khan, who says marketing has become an indispensable part of filmmaking because of the rising ticket prices, used the best marketing strategy to promote his 'Ra.One', but feels he could have made th
Tuesday, January 10, 2012 6:42:38 PM
New Delhi, Jan 10 Filmmaker-turned-choreographer Remo Dsouza has roped in a Hollywood actress for his 3D dance film titled 'ABCD'. However, he refuses to reveal her name.
Tuesday, January 10, 2012 5:53:08 PM
Kanika Tiwri, a 15-year-old girl from the City of Lakes, got a life-time opportunity when she was selected to play Bollywood star Hrithik Roshan's younger sister in the forthcoming film 'Agneepath'.
Tuesday, January 10, 2012 5:50:17 PM
Will Madhuri Dixit feature in 'Ishqiya' sequel or will she be seen as a judge on 'Jhalak Dikkhla Jaa' yet again? Even as several rumours dog the actress's return to the arc lights, she hints that her fans will have to wait a
Tuesday, January 10, 2012 4:31:57 PM
Megastar Amitabh Bachchan will be honoured at the 10th Pune International Film Festival to be held here Jan 12-19.
Tuesday, January 10, 2012 3:52:28 PM
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Wall Street Yo-Yos in Early Trading Thursday
Wednesday’s wild ride on Wall Street picked up right where it left off in early trading Thursday.
The Dow Jones Industrial Average was down another 150 points in early trading as investor concerns over rising interest rates and the trade war with China continue to mount, but rebounded quickly, moving into positive territory within 25 minutes as bargain hunters emerged. Tech stocks saw slight recoveries as well after being hit hard on Wednesday.
Other markets shadowed the Dow. The Nasdaq composite index was off 43 points beflore climbing the same amount and the S&P 500 was down 15 before edging into positive territory. Should the S&P close lower today, it will be the sixth consecutive time, something that hasn’t happened since before Donald Trump’s election.
The Federal Reserve has raised rates three times this year to keep inflation in check. It’s expected to do so at least once again before the end of the year. Meanwhile, strong economic data has led to a sell-off in U.S. Treasury bonds, which is fueling fears of even higher interest rates. Investors are further rattled about Trump’s complaints about the Fed’s rate increases. On Wednesday he said he thought policy makers were “making a mistake” and said the Fed had “gone crazy”.
Investors are also worried about the ongoing trade war with China and its impact on corporate bottom lines as well as the rising threat of higher interest rates.
Wall Street’s troubles caused turmoil in international markets overnight. Japan, China, Korea and Australia all saw their benchmarks fall significant amounts.

domain: economics


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Canon John Nunan, Parish Priest of St Joseph’s, Wetherby appeared on BBC Radio 4’s ‘Today’ programme on Saturday 25 April. He was interviewed by the BBC’s North of England correspondent Danny Savage, who is also one of the Canon’s parishioners. Danny was reporting from his home town on how the community in Wetherby is adapting to changed circumstances as a result of the Covid-19 pandemic.
Canon Nunan explained that one initiative was the introduction of a daily on-line Mass from St Joseph’s which now has a ‘virtual congegation’ of over 500 on Sunday mornings. More information about this can be found on the parish website: https://www.stjosephs-wetherby.org.uk/
At the same time the Canon told Danny that one of the worst aspects of the current situation is the distress caused to bereaved families who are unable hold a funeral for their loved ones in the normal way and in many cases are unable to meet with friends and family for consolation. Parishioners in this situation are remembered daily at the Canon’s Mass and through the news posted on the parish website. As elsewhere in the Diocese, modern communications are helping to keep people together until our worshipping communities can gather in their parish churches once more.

domain: sociology


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Talking about quality: exploring how 'quality' is conceptualized in European hospitals and healthcare systems.
Wiig S., Aase K., von Plessen C., Burnett S., Nunes F., Weggelaar AM., Anderson-Gare B., Calltorp J., Fulop N., For QUASER-team None.
BACKGROUND: Conceptualization of quality of care - in terms of what individuals, groups and organizations include in their meaning of quality, is an unexplored research area. It is important to understand how quality is conceptualised as a means to successfully implement improvement efforts and bridge potential disconnect in language about quality between system levels, professions, and clinical services. The aim is therefore to explore and compare conceptualization of quality among national bodies (macro level), senior hospital managers (meso level), and professional groups within clinical micro systems (micro level) in a cross-national study. METHODS: This cross-national multi-level case study combines analysis of national policy documents and regulations at the macro level with semi-structured interviews (383) and non-participant observation (803 hours) of key meetings and shadowing of staff at the meso and micro levels in ten purposively sampled European hospitals (England, the Netherlands, Portugal, Sweden, and Norway). Fieldwork at the meso and micro levels was undertaken over a 12-month period (2011-2012) and different types of micro systems were included (maternity, oncology, orthopaedics, elderly care, intensive care, and geriatrics). RESULTS: The three quality dimensions clinical effectiveness, patient safety, and patient experience were incorporated in macro level policies in all countries. Senior hospital managers adopted a similar conceptualization, but also included efficiency and costs in their conceptualization of quality. 'Quality' in the forms of measuring indicators and performance management were dominant among senior hospital managers (with clinical and non-clinical background). The differential emphasis on the three quality dimensions was strongly linked to professional roles, personal ideas, and beliefs at the micro level. Clinical effectiveness was dominant among physicians (evidence-based approach), while patient experience was dominant among nurses (patient-centered care, enough time to talk with patients). Conceptualization varied between micro systems depending on the type of services provided. CONCLUSION: The quality conceptualization differed across system levels (macro-meso-micro), among professional groups (nurses, doctors, managers), and between the studied micro systems in our ten sampled European hospitals. This entails a managerial alignment challenge translating macro level quality definitions into different local contexts.

domain: health


Luis Severino was ineffective again as the Yankees‘ two-game winning streak was snapped after a 7-3 loss to the Astros on Friday night.
– Severino, coming off a start where he gave up nine runs on 10 hits against the Orioles, got off to a rough start when Jose Altuve led off the game with a first-pitch double. The righty would get the next two batters out, but after a walk to Kyle Tucker, Yainer Diaz launched a 377-foot blast to give the Astros an early 3-0 lead.
Severino now has a 13.85 ERA in the first inning, the highest among all pitchers this season with 10-plus starts.
It wouldn’t get much better for Severino in the second. After walking the first two batters, Altuve would load the bases with a one-out bloop single to right field. Severino would hit Alex Bregman with a pitch to push a run across but Houston wasn’t able to pick up more.
Yordan Alvarez led off the fifth with a solo shot over the left-center field wall which forced manager Aaron Boone to pull his starter. Another rough outing for Severino who pitched four-plus innings (87 pitches/56 strikes), giving up five runs on five hits, three walks while striking out four. His ERA rose to 7.74, which is the highest among all MLB pitchers this season with a minimum of 60 innings pitched.
– The game may have looked lop-sided but it could have been very different. In the bottom of the first, with the Yanks down 3-0, Billy McKinney drove a ball to deep center field but Jake Meyers slid feet first into the wall while making the difficult catch and saved at least two runs from scoring.
That was really the only trouble Hunter Brown had Friday night. The rookie went six innings giving up two runs (on two homers), on five hits one walk while striking out four. This is the 41st time an opposing starter has gone six-plus innings and allowed two runs or fewer against the Yanks this season, which is the most in baseball.
– The long ball was the Yankees’ friend on this night especially to left field. Jake Bauers got the team on the board with a solo shot in the third inning that barely hit the left field pole after going just 323 feet to cut the deficit to 4-1 at the time. Kyle Higashioka almost did the same in the fifth but it went just foul.
Isiah Kiner-Falefa went the opposite way in the fifth, however, to give the Yanks their second run on the utility man’s sixth homer of the season. Giancarlo Stanton went deep with a solo shot of his own in the eighth inning to give the Yankees their third run of the game. It’s also the slugger’s third straight game with a homer and his 10th in his last 21 games.
– With Severino’s short outing, Boone asked his bullpen to get a lot of outs and they really couldn’t keep the score close. In the sixth inning, Albert Abreu got into trouble and left with runners on first and second with two outs. Nick Ramirez would relieve him and after walking Alvarez to load the bases, Tucker unloaded a two-run double to give the Astros a 7-2 lead.
Keynan Middleton, the one trade deadline acquisition, made his team debut in the ninth inning. He got through a 1-2-3 inning and picked up his first Yankee strikeout.
– Boone sat Aaron Judge on Friday night after he DH’d four straight games. He may not have made a difference if he started with the way Severino put the team behind the eight ball, but it couldn’t have hurt to have the captain there. Judge did pinch-hit in the seventh inning with the team down 7-2 and two men on. He would strike out swinging on three pitches against Hector Neris. Judge is now 1-for-20 with one RBI in his career as a pinch hitter.
Stanton started as the DH and went 1-for-3 with a walk, that solo home run and one strikeout.
The Yankees continue their four-game series with the Astros on Saturday afternoon. First pitch is scheduled for 1:05 p.m..
#Yankees #takeaways #Fridays #loss #Astros #including #short #Luis #Severino #outing


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I am pleased to announce that today my right hon. Friend the Home Secretary and my hon. Friend the Exchequer Secretary to the Treasury are publishing the annual report of the Independent Police Complaints Commission (IPCC). Copies of the report have been laid before the House and will be available in the Vote Office.
This is the sixth annual report from the IPCC. The report covers the work of the IPCC during 2009-2010 and includes a discrete chapter on the discharge of their responsibilities in respect of Her Majesty’s Revenue and Customs.


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text:
There's no question Princess Nokia personifies cool, so it's only natural cult streetwear brand MadeMe tapped the New York rapper to front their AW17 campaign.
The Kim Gordon-founded label also recruited Mayan Toleado to shoot Nokia, born Destiny Frasqueri, in a series of locations (stay tuned for iconic graveyard pics). Princess Nokia follows a line of heavy-hitting MadeMe muses, including Coco Gordon Moore and Lourdes Leon. The collection has more than its fair share of late 90s/early noughties nostalgia — pleather and kilt city — and is bound to have every cool girl in a 100-mile radius of New York flocking.
Flick through the campaign below.
Images courtesy of MadeMe.

domain: geography


text:
Session 2003-04 10 March 2004
Proposal for the Regulatory Reform (National Health Service Charitable Trust Accounts and Audit)
The Government laid this proposal for a regulatory reform order before Parliament on 7 January 2004 under the procedure laid down by the Regulatory Reform Act 2001. The purpose of the proposal is to remove an anomaly in existing legislation whereby NHS charitable bodies in England and Wales are obliged to prepare two separate sets of accounts: one, audited by the Audit Commission, for submission to the Department of Health, and another for submission to the Charity Commission. The Department proposes to remove the existing burden on NHS charities whereby they are required to submit audited accounts to the Department of Health for summarisation and eventual presentation to Parliament with the NHS Summarised Accounts. It proposes that the requirement on NHS charities in England and Wales to submit audited accounts to the Charity Commission should continue, with certain modifications to provide for continued Audit Commission scrutiny and for an examination, rather than an audit, of certain NHS charity accounts.
The Committee has considered this proposal in accordance with the criteria laid down in the Committee's Standing Order. On the evidence before it, the Committee intends to recommend that a draft order in the same form as the proposal be laid before the House.
The Committee's full report will be published as its Fifth Report of the current Session, at 2.00 pm on 16 March. It will be available from all Stationery Office outlets (Ref HC 438).
The text of the report will also be available on the Committee's website from 3.30 pm on the day of publication. (www.parliament.uk/parliamentary_committees/regulatory_reform_committee.cfm)

domain: politics


text:
Love them and leave them.
Then I met my match, Jackie Smith, and everything changed.
She’s a reporter, and I’m a made man. It’s a disaster waiting to happen. It doesn’t matter that she could shatter my life and all I’ve worked for...I want her.
Underneath her sweet, caring exterior, she’s hiding pain from her past, and yearning for revenge. I can leverage this to my advantage. I can demand her loyalty, her unconditional love.
It’s the same game, with a bit of a twist.
The only problem is…she might be playing me.

domain: artistic


A 10-mile highway extension providing swift access from George Town to a planned golf resort in the eastern districts will require an environmental impact assessment before it gets the green light, the National Conservation Council ruled Wednesday.
Government and developer Ironwood are in the final stages of negotiations over a partnership to build the extension to the East-West Arterial Highway.
Ironwood believes the road is a key part of making the planned Arnold Palmer golf course and resort a success, while government has argued that the project will create jobs and open up new land for development.
The new National Conservation Law gives the council power to require an applicant, in this case the government and the National Roads Authority in partnership with Ironwood, to carry out an environmental impact assessment on major projects.
Gina Ebanks-Petrie, director of the Department of Environment, said the project is “probably the longest road ever constructed in the Cayman Islands.” The department recommended an EIA to determine the likely impacts along the corridor, particularly on the Central Mangrove Wetlands, which it describes as the “ecological heart of Grand Cayman.”
The decision to adopt that recommendation during a meeting of the conservation council Wednesday is the first sign of progress on government and Ironwood’s ongoing talks over the $50 million road project.
Discussions have been taking place since January 2014, when Ironwood indicated it would be willing to forgo duty concessions typically awarded as an enticement to large developers to help fund the road, which has been part of government’s long-term infrastructure plans for two decades.
Nearly two years later, in December 2015, a contract was signed that would trigger a suite of duty concessions for Ironwood, worth around $22 million, if a deal was not agreed within a year.
Ironwood’s David Moffitt told the Cayman Compass this week that he believes an agreement will be signed before the December deadline. He said whether an environmental impact assessment is necessary is a matter for the government to decide.
In a memo to the council seeking comment on the development, Alan Jones, chief officer in the ministry responsible for planning, writes that the economic benefits are considered “very significant,” claiming it is “vital” to the sustainability of the Ironwood project. He also cites the opening of other parcels for development, job creation from the road project and other new developments in the eastern districts and alleviation of traffic congestion among other potential benefits.
The memo also indicates that the proposed route has been in the public domain for 20 years, and points out that the National Roads Authority has never carried out an environmental impact assessment for a public road. It adds that the NRA’s geotechnical studies have not identified any significant environmental concerns and points out that Ironwood has agreed to hire an environmental consultant to work with the project crew.
The Department of Environment in its response points out that there was never any ecological or environmental study carried out before the route of the road was decided.
“What took place in the past should not be considered as justification for continuing the practice if it is demonstrably flawed,” it states. “The construction of a 10-mile stretch of a major arterial road through an environmentally important wetland area would trigger the requirement globally for an EIA, and now does so in Cayman.”
Council member Davey Ebanks raised concerns that government may be in a rush to get the project done quickly without the inconvenience of a time consuming environmental study.
“It is obvious the intention is to start now with this road. At the other end of the road they have a development that everybody is gung-ho to get done. It is election silly season. If this EIA is being proposed and it takes a year or more, which I think is feasible, I am just wondering how does it all fit together?”
Ultimately the council unanimously voted to require an EIA, approving the Department of Environment’s screening opinion for submission. The applicant now has 28 days to decide if it still wishes to proceed with the project at which point an Environmental Assessment Board will convene to develop criteria for the assessment.
The Department of Environment’s screening document recommends that the study includes an assessment of the ecological value of the natural resources affected by the construction and examines potential changes to hydrology and drainage patterns which could impact the Central Mangrove Wetland Basin. It says the study should also consider off-site impacts from sourcing aggregate for the road.
Of particular concern is the impact on the wetlands, home to Cayman’s native parrots and West Indian whistling ducks, among other threatened species.
“The proposed 10-mile roadway will traverse a substantial area of wetland habitat along the entire length of the southern perimeter of the Central Mangrove Wetland. As the ecological heart of Grand Cayman, the wetland is critical to many important natural processes which are vital to the long-term well-being of the residents of the Cayman Islands,” it states.


text:
An Ebola scare has been reported in southern Nigeria, a year after the country was declared free of the virus, with a man reportedly dead shortly after being admitted to hospital in Calabar, Cross Rivers State. Abdulsalam Nasidi, dismissed the possibility that the patient may have been killed by Ebola.
Reports say the patient, whose identity could not be ascertained, was brought in from Akpabuyo Local Government Area of Cross River State on Tuesday with high body temperature while at the same time was vomiting, stooling and bleeding from nose.
The Hospital accident and emergency ward has already been quarantined in order to curtail any spread in the eventuality that it was a case of Ebola.
The Guardian further gathered that all the nurses and doctors that handled the patients have been quarantined while the suspected Ebola patients have been isolated in a special room.
She said, “On Wednesday October 7, 2015, we managed a patient, who presented with symptoms mimicking viral Haemorrhagic fever”.
Reacting to a question concerning persons quarantined, the Chairman of the Medical Advisory Committee of the hospital, Dr. Queeneth Kalu, who represented the CMD said: “I mentioned that in my press statement, the number of people; fifteen people”.
Our correspondent, who went round the tertiary health facility in Calabar on Thursday, learnt that those quarantined were medical personnel and others within the ward moments before the patient died. “There is no need for the public to be scared of EVD as it has not been confirmed”.
The Ebola virus arrived in Nigeria in July previous year when travelling Liberian businessman Patrick Sawyer collapsed in Lagos airport.

domain: medical


text:
The Missing - S1 Ep7 - Return To Eden
In 2009, three years after Oliver’s disappearance, no significant progress has been made in the case. The case takes an unexpected turn when another young boy goes missing in Chalons Du Bois. Tony, Emily and Mark return to the French town in the hope that this might shed light on what happened to Oliver. In the present day, information that Tony, Julien and Emily receive gives them a tenuous lead. Stars James Nesbitt and Frances O'Connor.
The Missing was broadcast on SBS ONE at Thursday 18 October 2018, 14:10.
- Views16 x
- Playback time58:59
The Missing is a TV show on Australian national television from SBS ONE with an average rating of 3.2 stars by TVCatchUpAustralia.com's visitors. We have 18 episodes of The Missing in our archive. The first episode of The Missing was broadcast in May, 2020. Did you miss an episode of The Missing but don't you wan't that to happen in the future? Please set an alarm and add The Missing to your favourites, so we can remind you by email when there's a new episode available to watch. Completely free: handy!


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Hey friends! The reason you may not have seen me around as much on facebook & here on the blog last week & this week is because I was on a much needed vacation to Savannah & Hilton Head with Adam & some great friends of ours. It was a quick trip but it was so nice to get away. It’s been a bit crazy and hectic since I’ve gotten back. It’s so hard to get back in the swing of things after vacation! Plus I have a ton of commitments this week, but it’s all good since I got to sit in the sun for a few days! We had such a great time and I wanted to share some of the places we ate in case any of you ever venture to Savannah or Hilton Head.
In Savannah we at lunch at Huey’s which was awesome! I got the turkey mushroom sandwich (more like a calzone) and Adam got the roast beef po’ boy and we split each. The turkey mushroom was good, but the roast beef p0′ boy was AMAZING!! We’ve still been talking about it days after.
Then for dessert we got their world famous beignets. So soft and sugary and just melted in your mouth. Funny story is we were originally going to split a dozen of them with our friends and take some home, but after we finished our sandwiches we all decided we should just split 3! Glad we did because as good as they were, I could only eat a half of one and I was officially stuffed!! Good thing we walked a TON to walk off all that food!:)
We also stopped at River Street Sweets and tasted their World Famous Pralines. They had some for sampling that were warm and just melted in your mouth.
One of my favorite stops was at the Savannah Bee Company. They had all different kinds of honey and had tasters set up so you could try them all. They were so delicious! And we just had to get some to bring home!
In Hilton Head we got pizza one night and then another night my friend Jennifer & I discovered The Black Marlin through much googling and I’m so glad that we did! This place was phenomenal! The atmosphere was a little dark, but the food was incredible!! I got the World Famous Fish Tacos (had 3 world famous items on this trip!;)) and Adam got the Stuffed Flounder. The fish tacos were actually an appetizer so I also got a side of their sweet potato waffle fries. These were the best fish tacos I’ve ever had! Such great flavors that married together perfectly. And the sweet potato fries were so good that some of them I didn’t even dip in sauce, which is huge for me! Adam’s flounder was mouth watering delicious!! It was perfectly cooked and the sauce was divine! Definitely try The Black Marlin if you get a chance!


text:
Favored Sleepless Night scored a sharp 1 1/4-length victory in Japan's $1.76 million Sprinters Stakes (Jpn-I) at Nakayama Racecourse Oct. 5, for her fifth consecutive victory.
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STAPLETON CONCOURSE A EXPANSION
United Airlines, Stapleton International Airport
Architectural Programing and Design
The Concourse A Expansion for United Airlines includes the development of four new jet positions. The expansion includes a 103,000 sf facility that is connected to the existing terminal via a major pedestrian corridor serviced by moving walkways.
The air carrier facility contains hold room locations, security check-in, rest-room areas, concession areas, as well as operational space located at the apron level and in the concourse level.
Critical circulation is provided to the apron level through the use of elevators and an escalator. The pedestrian connector at the apron level moves passengers into the commuter facility hold room area. This area also contains res-rooms, operational space, ticketing counters, and security check-in


text:
Updated: Jun 9, 2019
In an online music space filled with all ranges of amateurs and aspiring musicians, hip-hop has become the one genre which has largest entry-level in this last decade. For every successful independent artist like Chance the Rapper, there are at least three “industry plants” of a similar style and one hundred copycat rappers. Unfortunately, both of these categories are filled with rookies who lack true original style or emotional backstory to form a sustainable fanbase; failing to rise above the rest and fit into enough playlist algorithms of every music streaming platform. Usually these artists tend to resort to trippy and heavily distorted production, repetitive/catchy hooks, and a colorful, punk-style image that usually makes me ask,”What is this about? I need to understand this person’s insanity and motives."
But when I first listened to Aeons Elevator’s Huckle-Berry Smokewagon, his choice of production fit into the Bedroom Bands playlist and made me think “here we go again”. As the track continued, I was struck with a flow and vocal enunciation that forced me to focus on the story. I kept feeling like I had heard this voice before; like a combination of Logic and Atmosphere. Although his elements were familiar, I was drawn to press play once more. Upon a second listen, I heard a voice that simply needed a sub bass kick with soft snare to empty his mind into a smoke-filled ether.
But that is not meant to discount the wacky and “boom-bap” production from MookieFish. In addition to the drums (heavily inspired by late 90s/early 00s underground hip-hop), MookieFish delivers simple, yet zany synth keys with the occasional warped background vocals that substitute for an unnecessary hook, gives the instrumental a chance to breathe, and the listeners a chance to react to Aeons complex bars. My only concern is the title’s relation to the verses, but that is a shallow concern.
This song - rather, this artist - is definitely for the fans of artists signed to Rhymesayers Entertainment (Aesop Rock, Prof, Atmosphere, etc.). If you are looking to get into Aeons Elevator, be prepared to give each track two or three listens. This isn’t radio-friendly hip-hop. It’s “drive around in the evening, vent with your friends and smoke something green” music. Aeons Elevator is the artists sharing a therapy session with the listeners instead of pumping up the house party.
6.5/10 for the first listen 8.5/10 for the deep listen
Llama Ruckus is an aspiring songwriter and producer from Atlanta, Georgia. His primarily genre is trip-hop; blends of elements from funk, surf rock, chillwave, blues, synthpop, and psychedelic rock/jazz.


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text:
We will be seeing that shortly, in the global arena. Modern agriculture is getting better and better at getting more crops out of a given acre of land. Unfortunately, it takes money: money for fertilizer, money for herbicides/insecticides, money for machinery and fuel. You get to the point where the productivity of some of the population is not enough to get paid enough to buy food. And the willingness of the Western middle class to impoverish ourselves in order the feed the world is lessening.
“We will be seeing that shortly, in the global arena.”
I think you are right. Not only costs, but we may see loss of confidence in currency, massive economic slowdown, solar activity is about to go into a minimum, weather seems to be getting more aggressively destructive, and all of it is happening just as r-numbers and K-disatisfaction are both peaking. It just seems like multiple ways for things to go bad, and one way for a perfect storm of sorts.
I can’t point to a specific piece of evidence, but it does have the feel of a perfect storm of some sort.


text:
New York Times contributor Wajahat Ali wants everyone to know it is not worth your time to reach out to Trump supporters. He’s really tried. But now, he has given up. And if you have a problem with that, you’re likely a racist. That’s an interesting thing to say about approximately 73 million Americans. But some hefty portion of that number already knows the corporate media hates, mocks, and denigrates them. So, this attitude is hardly surprising.
Especially when you see the last time Ali was “reaching out” to Trump voters. Here he is with Don Lemon and Lincoln Project loser Rick Wilson yucking it up about “boomer rubes,” who think Trump voters can’t find foreign countries on a map or read:
Anyone who views these men as “elite” needs to improve their self-esteem. Two of them work for media outlets whose sole purpose is to oppose President Trump. Trump so thoroughly rejected the other one that he started a pure grift operation that took money from Democrats to exert influence over a supposed base of Republicans that they didn’t actually have.
In his latest opinion piece, Ali begins with several flawed premises. First, he notes a majority of minority voters voted for Joe Biden.
The majority of people of color rejected his [President Trump’s] cruelty and vulgarity. But along with others who voted for Joe Biden, we are now being lectured by a chorus of voices including Pete Buttigieg and Ian Bremmer, to “reach out” to Trump voters and “empathize” with their pain.”
While this is technically correct, Ali missed the trend. President Trump scored significant increases in every minority group, including flipping several majority Hispanic counties in Texas from blue to red. He garnered a larger share of all minority votes than any Republican presidential candidate since 1960. His largest loss, at 5%, was among white males. It is likely what will cost him the election.
Ali also takes a leap of logic by declaring that Muslim Americans who vote for Trump want to be accepted as white:
I’ve even tried and failed to have productive conversations with Muslims who voted for Mr. Trump. Some love him for the tax cuts. Others listen only to Fox News, say “both sides” are the same, or believe he hasn’t bombed Muslim countries. (They’re wrong.) Many believe they are the “good immigrants,” as they chase whiteness and run away from Blackness, all the way to the suburbs. I can’t make people realize they have Black and brown skin and will never be accepted as white.
Engaging in the American dream of improving your financial position and providing a better life for your family is not “chasing whiteness.” It is taking advantage of all this country has to offer, working hard, and making choices about where you want to live. People have come from all over the world for economic and social freedom and are not running away from their own heritage to take advantage of it.
Many other assertions in the piece should be combated, such as the claim that there were “peaceful” BLM protestors outside the McCloskey’s house in St. Louis. However, to debunk them all would be an essay.
Ali makes the primary point, and it is an assumption that runs through his entire article. Reaching Trump voters requires them to relinquish their support for his policies. And you must accept Ali’s progressive point of view:
Just as in 2016, I don’t need Trump supporters to be humiliated to feel great again. I want them to have health insurance, decent-paying jobs and security for their family. I do not want them to suffer, but I also refuse to spend any more time trying to understand and help the architects of my oppression.
I will move forward along with the majority who want progress, equality and justice for all Americans. If Trump supporters decide they want the same, they can always reach out to me. They know where to find me. Ahead of them.
Trump voters are the architects of oppression for a New York Times contributor who went to law school and gets paid to speak. Sure they are. Ali is missing something that Republican strategist Brad Todd clearly understands. Todd also talked to far more Trump supporters than Ali likely ever has and literally wrote the book on them. After Election Day, he said:
“Democrats always argued, ‘If more people voted, we would win,’” says GOP strategist Brad Todd, co-author of The Great Revolt: Inside the Populist Coalition Reshaping American Politics. “Well, guess what? Everybody voted, and it didn’t help the Democrats. There is a multi-racial, working-class ethos that is animating the new Republican coalition.”
We are in a class struggle, not a race struggle. That is what President Trump actually represented. A free and democratic society cannot succeed without a vibrant, successful middle and working class. That segment of society has been hollowed out by trade policy under both parties nationwide since the early 1990s and in progressive states like California and New York. Progressive policies create a two-tiered society of the very poor and the wealthy and well-connected. It can be seen in our own country.
Who will be hurt most by energy policies that increase the price of energy? The working-class family with two cars, two jobs, and a couple of kids. The family farmer. The suburban father who has a long commute.
What segment of society will be hurt the most if Trump’s Tax Cut and Jobs Act is repealed? Small business owners, the working-class, and middle managers as businesses cut jobs and expenses when their tax burden increases. These policy effects happen without regard to race, religion, or gender. A broader share of the electorate recognizes that.
This is happening because President Trump was the first to take a different trade and foreign policy approach in a few decades. That rising tide lifted all boats with the first real wage gains for the lowest 50% of wage earners in decades. An astounding 56% of Americans said they were better off today than they were four years ago in a Gallup poll taken during the pandemic. Many of them voted in their own economic interests.
The other fundamental miss Ali makes is that the argument is about the goal rather than the means by which to achieve it. I would challenge him to find a mainstream Republican who does not want progress, equality, and justice for all. Most believe the way we achieve those things is with maximum freedom for the individual and economic freedom.
Rather than dumping money in failing public schools, they advocate school choice. So do many black and brown parents. Rather than government subsidies for green technologies, they believe in private innovation. Equality under the law and justice should be blind. There has always been a valid policy argument over the level of government involvement in the economy and our other institutions.
However, with progressives, the debate is about fundamentally transforming our institutions. This is not a legitimate debate. One side wants American ideals and the American dream, and the other side wants something else completely. After two years of Biden’s progressive agenda, the Left may be surprised at how many voters wake up to this fundamental debate. And the Left may be surprised by the “blunt objects” these voters send to represent them in Washington, D.C., in 2022 and beyond.
On some level, Ali knows this. The people who work with their hands and their backs, the people who solve real-world problems daily will demand a seat at the table. That is why he wants to head it off at the pass:
Don’t waste your time reaching out to Trump voters as I did. Instead, invest your time organizing your community, registering new voters and supporting candidates who reflect progressive values that uplift everyone, not just those who wear MAGA hats, in local and state elections. Work also to protect Americans against lies and conspiracy theories churned out by the right-wing media and political ecosystem. One step would be to continue pressuring social media giants like Twitter and Facebook to deplatform hatemongers, such as Steve Bannon, and censor disinformation. It’s not enough, but it’s a start.
Ali wants to shut you up and shut you down using the tech oligarchs. And that is just a start. I think he’s got his work cut out for him. A coalition of 73 million that believes in the promise of America and the singular freedoms our system provides is not going to go away quietly. No matter how much he might believe he can wish us into the cornfield.
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Credit card debt freedom is the topic of tonight’s interview with Neil Schebetta on Detroit, Michigan’s WDIV-TV (NBC) channel 4 during the 5:00 P.M. news.
Schebetta will be interviewed via satellite from San Francisco, CA on techniques and strategies everyone can use to ease the burden of the mounting credit card debt problem.
Schebetta, referred to as the “blue jeans” personal finance coach, teaches classes on freedom from credit card debt at adult schools in Northern California.
He takes opposition with financial planners’ advice to consumers and compares:
1) Paying highest interest rate debt first vs. the lowest balance first
2) Making minimum payments vs. “level” payments
3) Consolidation loans vs. not consolidating (Schebetta tells his students that “you cannot borrow yourself out of debt”).
“The key to eliminating credit card debt is not necessarily in increasing the minimum monthly payment, it’s in keeping payments level,” says Schebetta.
People with credit card debt of $10,000 at 19% interest using the “level” technique can/will save $25,927 in interest charges. “And,” Schebetta adds, “fifty-one years of payments.”
Schebetta, author of “Seven Steps to Free Yourself From Credit Card Debt,” moderates an America Online message board on credit card debt, writes a weekly column, and hosts a live weekly personal finance conference Mondays, 11:00 p.m., Eastern Time. Keyword:Money Whiz.
Schebetta, recovering credit card junkie turned practitioner of what he preaches, has also developed software that helps people get out of debt faster and cheaper. It’s called Freedom, ($39.99, Self-Help Publishing, orders 800-852-4890).
Freedom software requires IBM-compatible computer with a 386SX processor or higher, Windows 3.1 or Windows 95 is $39.99 plus $4 s&h and available from Self-Help Publishing, P.O. Box 3094, Fremont, CA. 94539-0309. Credit card holders dial 800-852-4890 or fax 800-732-5557.
For a free copy of Schebetta’s “Seven Steps to Free Yourself From Credit Card Debt” please send SASE to: Seven Steps c/o Self-Help Publishing, P.O. Box 3094, Fremont, CA 94539-0309.

domain: finance


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Work has resumed on a natural gas pipeline in British Columbia at the centre of protests that have disrupted both rail and road traffic across the country, but questions remain about how opponents to the project will react to workers and the RCMP re-entering Wet’suwet’en territory.
The RCMP, which is under contract provincially in B.C., has resumed patrolling the area and is once again monitoring an access road that leads to the work site for the Coastal GasLink natural gas pipeline.
Wet’suwet’en protesters and their supporters were arrested along this road in early February, sparking solidarity protests and blockades across Canada.
The RCMP moved its operations to the nearby town of Houston, B.C. last week after Wet’suwet’en hereditary chiefs said they would not meet with government officials to discuss their concerns about the pipeline unless the Mounties and pipeline company workers left their territory.
Now that a proposed arrangement has been reached, following three days of talks in Smithers, B.C. between Wet’suwet’en hereditary chiefs and senior ministers of the federal and B.C. governments, the RCMP and company are back and working again work in the territory.
Coastal GasLink confirmed construction on the project resumed Monday morning.
Details of the draft accord between the Wet’suwet’en and the B.C. and federal governments have not been disclosed and will remain unpublished until after it is ratified by the Wet’suwet’en people in their traditional feast process, which is expected to take up to two weeks.
However, all parties are making it clear the agreement deals only with land and title rights generally. The pipeline itself remains in dispute, says former NDP MP Nathan Cullen, who was hired by the B.C. government as a liaison between the province and the hereditary chiefs.
“The opposition remains … will protests happen? Will barriers and blockades happen, I can’t say,” Cullen said Monday.
He noted that before the meetings in Smithers began, one of the hereditary leaders, Chief Woos, who also goes by Frank Alec, issued a statement calling for an “atmosphere of respect” to allow the Wet’suwet’en leaders to hold their negotiations with Canada _ a call that was reiterated on Sunday. Whether this is heard and respected by solidarity protesters remains to be seen, Cullen said.
The proposed agreement reached over the weekend aims to define more clearly the land and title rights of the Wet’suwet’en people in British Columbia, following the 1997 Delgamuukw-Gisday’wa decision.
In that case, the Supreme Court of Canada recognized the existence of Aboriginal title as an exclusive and ancestral right to the land, but the ruling fell short of recognizing the boundaries of the territory to which Wet’suwet’en title applies. The judges suggested at the time negotiations could be a better way to resolve some of these outstanding questions, but those discussions did not move forward.
Last year, the province of B.C. did set up a table to discuss land and title rights with the Wet’suwet’en after 14 people were arrested for blocking access to the pipeline work site in January 2019. The province hired former NDP MP Murray Rankin as negotiator, but progress has been limited.
Cullen says the proposed new deal goes “far beyond what was being contemplated” in those previous discussions, especially since Ottawa was not involved in those talks.
While the tentative agreement does not deal with the pipeline concerns, Cullen says if this work on land and title rights had been done 23 years ago, the tensions over the Coastal GasLink pipeline might never have happened. If adopted by the Wet’suwet’en people, the deal will lay the foundation to reduce conflicts over future development projects.
The chiefs have consistently said they do not support the pipeline project and feel the approval process was faulty, Cullen said. Meanwhile, the province and federal governments say they will respect the permits that have been legally issued and they have no jurisdiction to interfere with a standing injunction against further efforts to block work on the project.
Therefore, despite the progress made overall, an impasse over the pipeline remains.
“The parties in their wisdom were able to address the underlying reasons for the conflict. How it will inform the actual issue of the pipeline itself, I can’t say yet,” Cullen said. “I believe that dialogue and negotiation is always better than the alternative, which is not talking and not trying to find something. But it remains a difficult question, there’s no doubt about it.”
Chief Woos called the draft agreement a milestone for everyone involved, though he added the “degree of satisfaction is not what we expected.”
Meanwhile, rail blockades in Quebec erected in solidarity with the Wet’suwet’en protesters remained in place Monday.
Kenneth Deer, the secretary of the Mohawk Nation at Kahnawake, said the community would meet Monday evening to discuss whether to dismantle a blockade that protesters have maintained on their territory south of Montreal since Feb. 8.
Prime Minister Justin Trudeau said Monday he remains confident that polarized, divisive debate about resource development projects will eventually come to an end and that Canada can develop its natural resources while staying committed to emissions reductions and respecting Indigenous rights.
“We just haven’t reached that point of consensus where we argue about the best way to do it. There are still pockets of this country and the political debate arguing about whether or not to protect the environment …That can flip fairly quickly,” Trudeau said in a speech in Toronto.
“It won’t be easy but we all know, you all know, that’s where we need to go.”
Story by Teresa Wright, The Canadian Press


Creating a visual backstory to an object makes the surreal real, and Ross Didier, principal of Didier, is just the designer to make it happen.
Last chance! We’ve curated the most outstanding homes from across the Indo-Pacific for Habitus House of the Year, and now it’s over to you – tell us which home is your favourite in the annual People’s Choice and you could WIN an incredible design pack. Closing 17 November 2021.
Bringing together an intimate crowd at StylecraftHOME in Sydney, while simultaneously streaming right around the region, this year’s Habitus House of the Year presentation was as innovative as the projects in the line-up.
Habitus House of the Year honours exceptional residential architecture and design completed across the Indo Pacific Region within the past 18 months. Here are your 2020 winners.
Join Habitus editor Aleesha Callahan and the Habitus team as the Habitus House of the Year 2020 winner and commendations are revealed on Thursday, 3rd December.
Super Design doesn’t just look at the best of regional and global design, it also celebrates all the amazing things happening locally!
Treat yourself and go into the draw to win a curated prize worth over $17,000 thanks to Habitus House of the Year
Start creating your custom schedule with our complete guide to everything you need to know about the most immersive and multi-dimensional design event of the year!
It’s officially here! The annual Habitus House of the Year special edition is on sale now. The Jury has been tasked with their independent judging, and public voting for the People’s Choice Award is open. Which will be the winning projects this year?


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81 Tagore Lane, TAG A, #01-11 Singapore 787502 ♦ Reservation : +65 6727 5599
What is Confinement Food?
Confinement food refers to a series of dishes and soups specially planned for postpartum mothers, with two main purposes: helping them recover after childbirth and promoting breast milk production.
Many Asian communities around the world have the practice of serving confinement food to mothers right after they give birth, including Chinese, Indian, Malay, Indonesian, Korean, and Japanese.
Although the concept of having confinement food is not present in Western culture, mothers are generally encouraged to have a well-balanced and nutritious diet during their postpartum stage to facilitate postpartum healing, too.
Asian confinement foods are often prepared using healthier cooking methods like steaming, braising, stewing and stir-frying and served warm to the mothers. Confinement food has a long history in many Asian cultures, and each culture tends to prepare them with certain ingredients that are traditionally believed to be beneficial to new mothers.
For instance, the elderly in the Chinese and Malay communities usually prepare confinement meals using various nourishing herbs for postpartum mothers, and the Indian community usually prepare confinement meals with plenty of garlic and ghee – a type of clarified butter – to help postpartum mothers with recovery.
What Is Chinese Confinement Food?
In Singapore, the custom of having confinement food is most widely practised by the Chinese community. Postpartum mothers are generally encouraged to have confinement food right after giving birth and practice the diet for at least a month, and some mothers also choose to have confinement food for 40 days or up to 100 days to ensure that they get a full and proper recovery.
A traditional Chinese confinement diet is usually planned with different recovery goals for each week. Typically, in the first week, each confinement meal will be prepared with the main focus of helping mothers clear any blood clots in the uterus and replenish blood.
Moving on to the following weeks, the confinement food menu will be planned accordingly to help mothers nourish the blood, replenish and balance “qi”, and promote breast milk production.
All these recovery goals are achieved using a series of traditional Chinese herbs combined with different meat and vegetables based on traditional Chinese medicine principles.
Common Ingredients Used in Chinese Confinement Food
Some Chinese herbs that are commonly used in confinement food include dang shen, gan cao, ginseng, dang gui, red dates, wolfberries and chuan xiong.
On the other hand, in terms of fresh ingredients, traditional Chinese confinement foods are most commonly prepared using pork, chicken, fish and pork innards.
Meanwhile, for vegetables and fruits, as postpartum mothers are weak and their body is believed to be in a “cold” state according to traditional Chinese medicine concept, mothers are advised to avoid certain vegetables that are “cold” in nature, including cucumber, bitter gourd and winter melon, whereas fruits are generally not encouraged, especially fruits with “cold” nature like pear, watermelon, and persimmon.
Chinese Confinement Diet Now and Then
Traditionally, the Chinese confinement diet and Chinese confinement practice as a whole come with various restrictions, where mothers are only allowed to have a limited selection of dishes that are prepared using large amounts of “heaty” ingredients like ginger, herbs and sesame oil to keep the body warm.
While the initial intention of these diet practices comes from a good place, some of them might not be based on scientific facts and may do more harm than good to the mother’s health when done excessively.
For instance, having the same food consecutively over a month may cause a lack of balance in a mother’s diet and aggravate postpartum symptoms like postpartum constipation. Not to mention, having the same food repeatedly may become boring and affect a mother’s appetite, resulting in lesser nutrient intake and, eventually, slower postpartum recovery and lower milk supply.
That said, over the years, Chinese confinement diet practices in Singapore and around the world have evolved to suit the needs and preferences of younger generations. Families, medical institutions, and confinement care service providers have incorporated modern medical science and nutrition knowledge into the confinement meal planning process to help mothers get balanced nutrition for proper recovery and breastfeeding, all while preserving tradition.
Most Popular Traditional Chinese Confinement Food
In terms of flavour, traditional Chinese confinement foods are usually on the savoury side, and they are often prepared using a wide variety of staple ingredients, including Chinese herbs, red dates, ginger, sesame oil, and rice wine.
Here are some of the most popular traditional Chinese confinement foods in Singapore – most are so delicious that even people who are not in confinement love having them, regardless of gender and age!
Pork Trotter Vinegar
Most people would agree that a traditional Chinese confinement diet experience wouldn’t be complete without having pork trotter vinegar. This popular confinement food can help mothers replenish “qi” and blood, expel “wind” and cold, help remove lochia, and promote blood circulation. Most importantly, it contains collagen that helps in strengthening joints and ligaments too.
“Sheng Hua” Soup
“Sheng Hua” soup is a Chinese confinement herbal soup that is served to postpartum mothers in the first week after giving birth to help them remove blood stasis, encourage the discharge of lochia, improve uterine contraction and recovery, and help prevent uterine hematoma. It is one of the most widely consumed traditional tonics during postpartum.
Sesame Oil Chicken
This fragrant and homely dish is perhaps the most popular chicken dish among all Chinese confinement foods. It is traditionally believed to help postpartum mothers replenish blood and keep the body warm.
Green Papaya Fish Soup
Many breastfeeding mothers swear by the effectiveness of the green papaya fish soup in helping them to increase their breast milk supply. Green papaya is a lactogenic ingredient that many mothers find very useful in promoting lactation.
Red Dates Tea
Red dates tea is a staple hot drink during confinement; its three main ingredients are dried red dates, longan, and wolfberries. This drink is traditionally believed to be beneficial for mothers in helping them restore vitality, promote postpartum recovery, and keep the body warm.
Is Confinement Food Necessary?
As part of the younger generations who are familiar with diet practices from different cultures, it is normal for you to wonder if you really need confinement food after giving birth. You might be thinking, “As long as I eat a healthy diet after giving birth, I will be fine. There’s no need for confinement food.”
Well, to a certain extent, you’re not wrong, but the tricky part here is how to make sure your diet is not only healthy but also fulfils all your increased nutrient requirements to heal your postpartum wounds and breastfeed.
For instance, C-section mothers should be on a high-protein diet to help speed up wound recovery. Also, it is recommended for breastfeeding mothers to have a slightly higher calorie intake to keep their bodies well-nourished throughout the whole breastfeeding journey. Furthermore, it is also important for breastfeeding mothers to have a diet that is rich in calcium to make sure their calcium level is restored as they continuously produce breast milk for their babies.
Hence, to fully recover your body from months of pregnancy and the strenuous process of childbirth and to help maintain your well-being throughout your breastfeeding journey, you need something more than just a general healthy diet plan.
This is where confinement food comes in. The Chinese confinement diet that many modern mothers in Singapore practise is more interesting and appetising than most people think. There are even many confinement catering services in Singapore that serve a wide variety of nutritious and delicious confinement food.
How Important Is It to Have Confinement Food During Postpartum?
Having confinement food during postpartum is not purely a tradition. It plays an important role in improving a mother’s health after giving birth, along with supporting the development of her newborn through promoting lactation.
By having confinement food with balanced nutrients and getting plenty of rest, you’re making it easier for your body to recover physically and mentally from childbirth, along with promoting breast milk production and milk flow to benefit your developing newborn.
What Are the Benefits of Confinement Food?
Whether it’s based on traditional Chinese medicine principles or modern medical science, confinement foods that are prepared with fresh, healthy and well-balanced ingredients have plenty of benefits to offer.
Firstly, in terms of traditional Chinese principles, confinement food helps you to replenish and promote a smoother flow of “qi” and blood, dissolve blood clots, and promote breast milk supply.
On the other hand, in terms of modern medical science, the wide variety of ingredients used in confinement meals offers various essential nutrients to benefit you. For example, pork and pork innards that are commonly used in many Chinese confinement dishes are actually high in iron to promote collagen formation and supply oxygen throughout your body to promote wound healing. Also, the meat and poultry used in many classic confinement foods are generally high in protein to speed up wound healing and support the immune system.
When to Plan For Confinement Food?
While you have the freedom to plan for your confinement food at any stage of your pregnancy, a great time to start is during your second trimester or the early stage of your third trimester. Why so?
Well, this period is usually when most pregnant mothers are in the most comfortable stage of their pregnancy, where their pregnancy symptoms are generally milder and more manageable, allowing more time and flexibility to research, survey, plan and even do food-tasting for their confinement meals.
Here are some of the key aspects you can consider while planning for your confinement food:
- Are you planning to cook your own confinement food or get professional help? If you’re planning to prepare them on your own, check if you are equipped with the right kitchen tools and utensils, and you might also want to make enough storage space in the shelves and fridge to keep the ingredients easily accessible.
- Do you have family members and friends who are experienced with confinement food? If yes, it might be a good idea to ask whether they can help prepare your daily confinement meals or simply get their suggestions during your meal planning process!
- Do you have any food allergies or health concerns that should be taken into consideration in the planning process? Consult your doctor or dietitian if you have any doubts about foods you should have and avoid during postpartum.
To summarise, whether you’re planning to prepare your own confinement food or get professional help, it’s best for you to complete your confinement food planning earlier so that you can be sure that you’ll have sufficient nutrients from Day 1 of postpartum and focus on showering your little one with all your love and attention!
How to Cook Confinement Food?
Preparing a confinement meal might sound challenging, but with the right information and plenty of practice, you can whip up a hearty bowl of confinement food successfully, too!
First thing first, you need to decide on the confinement dishes that you want to have and search for the recipes online. Some of the best confinement foods Singapore mothers love include braised pork trotter in black vinegar, sesame oil chicken, ginger fried rice, and green papaya fish soup.
After deciding on your recipes, list down the utensils and ingredients needed. If you’re not familiar with choosing Chinese herbs, there are plenty of pre-measured and pre-packed confinement herbal soup sachets in the market to make things easier for you!
Why Engage With a Confinement Food Caterer?
With the right confinement food caterer, you can enjoy all of the following perks (along with the convenience, of course!) during your confinement at home:
- Smoother recovery: A confinement food caterer that offers a menu filled with nourishing ingredients can help speed up your postpartum recovery.
- Skip meal prepping: Skip the hassle of figuring out what ingredients and herbs to buy when your caterer’s meals and herbal soups are professionally reviewed.
- Easier breastfeeding: A breastfeeding-friendly confinement food caterer will serve dishes that help you with lactation and make breastfeeding less stressful for you.
- More space in the fridge to store breast milk: No more stuffing your fridge with different confinement food ingredients and leftovers! You get more space to store and access breast milk easily!
- More quality time with your loved ones: You get to spend more quality time with your parents and husband as they no longer have to plan, buy and prepare confinement meals and clean up after each meal.
- More restful sleep: With a confinement meal delivery service, your rest time will not be interrupted by oily smoke and food-prepping sounds from the kitchen multiple times a day.
- Smoother transition to motherhood: Without the hassle of preparing your own confinement food, you can focus on bonding with your newborn and enjoy a smoother transition to motherhood!
How to Choose a Confinement Food Delivery Service?
With multiple confinement food delivery Singapore services available, how should you decide on which confinement food delivery service to book? Here are some of the important questions you should check with the caterer before booking:
- What types of healing ingredients are used?
On top of traditional Chinese herbs, what other ingredients is the confinement meal caterer using to help you heal postpartum wounds, replenish blood and keep you energised?
- Are the confinement meals breastfeeding-friendly?
Your newborn needs sufficient, nutritious breast milk supply to grow. Do the confinement meals include milk-boosting ingredients that can help promote your milk flow and keep it nutritious for your baby?
- Are the confinement meals well-balanced?
Will your daily meals include a balanced portion of vegetables, meat, and healthy grains? It’s even better if the caterer works with a professional dietitian to plan your confinement meal menu.
- Is the confinement food menu repetitive?
Is there a wide variety of dishes on the menu? If you prefer having more than just Chinese food, it’s a good idea to opt for a caterer that offers a mix of traditional and creative confinement cuisine.
- How will your confinement meals be served?
How will your meals be packaged? It’s best that the caterer serves your meals in thermal containers to keep them warm and fresh.
- Is the service flexible?
Need lunch but not dinner? Skipping meal delivery on weekends? Wish to opt out of certain ingredients in your meals? Ask what the service provider can do for you before you book.
Conclusion: Blending Tradition with Modern Wellness
In conclusion, the tradition of consuming confinement food reflects a rich cultural tapestry, prioritising postpartum recovery and the celebration of motherhood. While deeply rooted in age-old practices, the landscape of Chinese confinement food has evolved to embrace a more balanced and contemporary approach.
Modern mothers now benefit from a fusion of traditional wisdom and nutritional science, ensuring that confinement meals not only honour cultural heritage but also address the specific needs of postpartum recovery and breastfeeding. Whether through homemade preparations or the convenience of professional caterers, the essence of nourishing both body and tradition remains paramount.
As the journey into motherhood continues to adapt to the demands of the present, the enduring spirit of confinement food persists—a harmonious blend of heritage and health. May mothers find solace in this convergence, cherishing the timeless rituals that mark the beginning of a new chapter in their lives.


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Emission of CO2 from biochar-amended soils and implications for soil organic carbon
Sagrilo, E.; Jeffery, S.L.; Hoffland, E.; Kuyper, T.W.
Soil amendment with pyrogenic organic matter (PyOM), also named biochar, is claimed to sequester carbon (C). However, possible interactions between PyOM and native soil organic carbon (SOC) may accelerate the loss of SOC, thus reducing PyOM's C sequestration potential. We combined the results of 46 studies in a meta-analysis in order to investigate changes in CO2 emission of PyOM-amended soils and to identify the causes of these changes and the possible factors involved. Our results showed a statistically significant increase of 28% in CO2 emission from PyOM-amended soils. When grouped by PyOM-C (PyC):SOC ratios, the group of studies with a ratio >2 showed a significant increase in CO2 emissions, but those with a ratio

domain: agronomy