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I never really wanted to be pregnant (I was relieved to read that AfrIndie Mom never did, either: I take neurotic comfort in the company of others!). I'm a medical wimp. I have major stress about even minor medical procedures, require tons of TLC during office visits, and all the times I have fainted have been in medical settings (and some of those fainting episodes have happened while I've been thinking "gosh, everyone was right. Having a cavity filled is really no biggie. It doesn't hurt at all....[faint!]). So pregnancy just didn't seem to be my cup of tea. And over the years, lots of little things seemed to push me towards adoption:
- once I was in Kinkos when someone was copying flyers for an adoption agency's open house on international adoption, but I was too shy to ask her for a copy.
- in Fall 1995, I read a student essay on the documentary about the dying rooms in Chinese orphanages and the thought of children in orphanages abroad really stayed with me
- one of my college classmates adopted three children in China (her elder daughter first, and then younger twins several years later), and each of her adoption trips got written up in our class notes
these all look like pretty inconsequential things when I write them out, but they were all moments where adoption just seemed to come into my mind, and not leave. And as we thought about getting ready to have childrem--and thought, and thought, and thought, as it was not clear to us when would be the right time to try to have a child, what with two careers and one or two large chronic health problems between us, so it was a long, difficult but ultimately emotionally rewarding journey to the moment we could say YES, this is the time when we both want to add a child to our family--adoption just felt right. It felt like a calling. I don't know if it was easier to come to this sense of calling because we're a queer family, but the issue of choosing your family has always made sense. We value our bio families, but we also value the family we choose, and all those relationships are a part of what is family to us. So there wasn't a lot of craving of bio ties to a child (although Politica might have a slightly different take on this, but that's her story to tell: suffice it to say that she made the difficult decision not to pass her genes on to a child because of some heritable medical conditions. That was something she grieved, and it's another part of our story.)
So I'm skipping the difficult year and a half in which the decision to have a child got made. Those are stories for another time. So having decided to forge ahead with an adoption, the next decision was how to adopt. This is a tough decision. Adoption isn't easy, and there are many considerations: international or domestic; public or private; fost-adopt or adopt. There are layers and layers of bureacracy, lots and lots of fees. I've read lots of blog debates about the ethics of international adoption, and it's commonly asserted that people choose international adoption because they don't want to deal with birthfamilies. That's probably true for some people, but it's not true for everyone. We chose international because we found an agency who understood our family and could help us through the process (which involved one of us adopting abroad and the other adopting in the U.S.). We chose international because it just felt right. We travel a lot, we have family spread around the world, and international adoption just felt right.
That all said, we didn't research domestic adoption very thoroughly, and reading I've done at blogs like Boomerific, This Woman's Work, and Peter's Cross Station has made me realize that there's a lot to learn about domestic adoption. A public adoption didn't seem to offer the chance to have a younger child with the kinds of health issues we felt comfortable walking into; a private adoption seemed to raise emotional risks that would have been hard for us. We had spent some very hard years trying to work though whether we were ready to adopt a child, and waiting for potential birthparents to read our letter was not something we thought we could handle.
A really hard part about adopting was making all these choices, choices which seemed to arbitrary and selfish, or choices which seemed so necessary yet could look like they're selfish to others. (Shannon's post today, responding to the same call from Sster, notes that having children is profoundly selfish no matter how you go about it, and reading that post as I edited this one made me feel better about these ramblings.) We were relieved to find an agency so easily, then obsessed about which country program (of the two the agency offered) to choose. We didn't have good criteria for choosing, and having to make choices was hard. All the choices had consequences, ones we would never know about (since choosing country A would have meant a different referral than country B). We didn't harbor any mystic notion that the Perfect Child for Us was Out There Somewhere (I once read a lifebook where someone explained that her tummy was broken and God sent the child to be born into the birthmother for the purpose of uniting her with the adoptive mother. I don't believe that any power is purposely placing children in families and homes where they cannot be raised in order to create an adoptive family half a world away, or even next door).
The other hardest part about adopting was how we presented ourselves as a familiy. We were out to our agency, and not out in the adoption process abroad. And sort of not out to the US government. I've read some stinging criticisms of gay couples who aren't out in the adoption process on boards like IAT and Discuss IAT, discussions which accuse gay couples of lying, of not being respectful of other countries' (homophobic) cultures, of not being respectful of birthparents who might not choose gay parents for their child. We didn't adopt in China because we didn't want to lie in our paperwork. We were truthful, in a way, although we left out some key truths. No mention of our Quaker wedding, no mention of our civil union. In the homestudy process we doubtless left out many other things...no mention of our biggest arguments, no mention of our biggest character flaws. I know, it's not the same...but it's hard to be out when the system you're working with doesn't even have a category for you. So I think the issue of outness and lying is a complicated one. And a hard one for gay families to negotiate in all kinds of ways, before, during and after adoption. It is hard for us to think about returning to CG's birth country--which we will do, no matter how hard--in part because we will have to face these issues all over again, this time, with a verbal child. This is a fuzzy area for me, one I am still thinking about, puzzling over the ethics.
One of the things parenting has taught me, time and again, is that the best decisions are difficult to explain to others. They are decisions that emerge from such a tangle of factors, and decisions that work for me and for us. They're not decisions that will work for everyone and I don't mean to be judging folks who have decided to be pregnant, or who have come to different adoption choices. This is all what worked for us, and I love reading the narratives of other choices. They show me possibilities.
Another interesting issue for us was naming, but I'll save that for another post (but if you want to read an interesting post on marriage and naming, head to Jody's.

domain: sociology


Philadelphia, PA (STL.News) Pennsylvania Department of Human Services (DHS) Secretary Teresa Miller Friday visited Lutheran Settlement House, a community-based organization committed to serving children, adults, and families living in Philadelphia to highlight their Economic Justice and Empowerment Initiative, a partnership with the Pennsylvania Coalition Against Domestic Violence (PCADV) that helps domestic violence survivors address immediate financial needs and work towards long-term financial stability.
“Everyone deserves to live a life where they feel empowered and, most importantly, safe,” said Sec. Miller. “The unfortunate reality is that we know financial abuse occurs in nearly 99 percent of abusive relationships, preventing women from fleeing abuse. No one should ever feel powerless, but programs like PCADV and Lutheran Settlement House’s Economic Justice and Empowerment Initiative provide tools to gain independence and support survivors navigating through unimaginable obstacles to achieve a better life.”
Lutheran Settlement House empowers individuals, families, and communities to achieve and maintain self-sufficiency through an integrated program of social, educational, and advocacy services. Lutheran Settlement House works with PCADV to equip advocates with best practices and tools that can save survivors from harmful situations with hopes to ultimately end domestic violence. Among many focus areas, PCADV is working to help survivors build economic stability through training, toolkits, and resources in the Economic Justice and Empowerment Initiative.
The Economic Justice and Empowerment Initiative is a statewide, coordinated effort between PCADV and the 59 community-based domestic violence programs that create nine sites like Lutheran Settlement House to provide a comprehensive training and continual resources that help address barriers to economic stability and safety. Tools and resources include access education, develop budgeting skills, repair credit, build savings, find affordable housing and gain meaningful employment. More information about the initiative and its sites and outcomes is available.
“It’s common to think of domestic violence as physical abuse. Financial abuse is incredibly pervasive in these situations and is one of the most significant barriers to escaping an abusive relationship,” said Susan Higginbotham, CEO of PCADV. “PCADV’s Economic Justice Initiative connects survivors with invaluable resources to help them rebuild empowered and autonomous lives free from abuse.”
October is Domestic Violence Awareness Month. More than 10 million people are affected by domestic violence every year. For more information about signs of abuse, how to support survivors, and PCADV, visit www.pcadv.org.
For anonymous, confidential help available 24/7, call the National Domestic Violence Helpline 1-800-799-SAFE (7233).


Jim Michelson is the chairman of SMZ and celebrates 56 years in the advertising business. He’s also my father and that makes this a unique conversation. If you’re interested in a real connection to the actual Mad Men era of the business, Jim shows who’s the best storyteller in the family… by a mile. While technology has changed our business (and almost every other) the principles Jim reminds us about remain timeless. I hope you walk away from this episode with a better sense of why and how SMZ has quietly been making noise for generations.


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Jun 13, 2011, 6:28 PM EDT
After visiting with Dr. James Andrews on Monday, it was determined that Brett Anderson wouldn’t undergo Tommy John surgery on his ailing left elbow. He’s scheduled for six weeks of rehab, with his first evaluation coming in three weeks.
Anderson, who opened the season with a 2.84 ERA in 11 starts, complained of elbow soreness after getting lit up in a second straight outing June 5 by the Red Sox and was placed on the disabled list the next day. He served two stints on the DL last year due to elbow and forearm issues and ended up going 7-6 with a 2.80 ERA in 19 starts then.
The news that Anderson might return to contribute after the All-Star break makes it somewhat less likely that the A’s will turn into sellers over the next few weeks. They still might go that route, but since it doesn’t look like any team is going to run away with the AL West, they’re more likely to wait until the deadline before making any big decisions now.
Update: According to MLB.com’s Jane Lee, Anderson received a Platelet Rich Plasma injection to kick off his rehab on Monday.
- The Cardinals have moved ahead of the Brewers for first place in the National League Central 11
- No-hitter! Four Phillies pitchers combine to blank the Braves 46
- Bo Porter fired by the Astros 51
- Settling the Score: Sunday’s results — and a reminder of what Labor Day is all about 44
- Reds trade setup man Jonathan Broxton to the Brewers 17
- Miguel Cabrera sits Sunday with nagging ankle injury 13
- A’s acquire veteran slugger Adam Dunn from the White Sox 54
- Settling the Score: Saturday’s results 18
- Could women play major league baseball? Sure. Right now, though, the deck is stacked against them. (220)
- Albert Pujols plays the “you never played the game!” card (104)
- Great Moments in Drug Testing and Punishment: The NFL Edition (101)
- And That Happened: Thursday’s scores and highlights (75)
- Baseball is dying, you guys, because no one would recognize Mike Trout in a bar (74)

domain: news


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Cross-Posted from the New York Times Lens Blog. [By Evelyn Nieves] Juan Manuel Castro Prieto is a journalist, based in Spain, who has spent the last 42 years documenting the rural area in Spain where his family has lived for generations. His idea was to preserve a lifestyle, and, most importantly, his memories of the people themselves. Over time, working with large format cameras all the way to digital images, his sensibility remains the same, and his sparse use of color and design is represented in a book, “Cespedosa”.
A Spanish Photographer’s 42-Year-Long Mission to Save His Village’s Memories. Old ways of life are disappearing from Cespedosa de Tormes in western Spain, but Juan Manuel Castro Prieto wants to preserve the threads that join him to his ancestral village

domain: library


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BGL Group has announced its CEO Matthew Donaldson will step down from the board and leave the business on 19 June 2020.
Donaldson, who has held the position of CEO for seven years, is leaving the company after over 20 years.
He joined the business in 1999, when BGL acquired Arnott Century. He progressed quickly through the organisation, leading budget retail and subsequently the organisation’s e-commerce activity where he played a key role in the creation and establishing of comparethemarket.com.
Progression to the role of COO was followed in 2013 by his promotion to CEO of BGL Group. He will be succeeded by Mark Bailie, who, subject to regulatory approval, will join BGL on 1 September 2020.
Bailie has spent 10 years at the Royal Bank of Scotland (RBS) and joined the RBS group executive in 2015. He became COO in 2016 and was, until recently, the founder and chief executive officer of Bó, its digital banking app.
Before joining RBS, he spent a decade in private equity, leading large-scale buyouts and prior to that he worked for ‘Big Four’ accountancy firm PwC for five years.
Until September, Dominic Platt, CFO will be Interim CEOand will lead the business on a day-to-day basis.
Debbie Hewitt , chairman, said: “After seven successful years as CEO, Matthew will be handing over to a new leader, who will set the priorities for the next phase of development for the business. We thank Matthew for the valuable contribution that he has made to BGL over the years and wish him well for the future.
“I am pleased to welcome Mark to our business. He has an extensive background in developing digital strategies for consumer facing businesses, as well as proven hands-on operational expertise and regulatory credentials, having sat on the FCA Open Finance Advisory Panel. He is thoroughly familiar with regulated and private equity-owned businesses and will bring strong consumer, people and brand-led experience.”
She added: “Our business remains robust, in spite of the uncertain external context of the coronavirus and we very much appreciate the hard work of all colleagues to ensure that we continue to focus on our customers and partners during these unprecedented times.”


Are you an aspiring YouTube gamer looking to grow your channel and build a successful career out of your passion? If so, you're not alone. The gaming community on YouTube is highly competitive, and it takes more than just skill and talent to stand out from the crowd. In this blog, we'll explore some unknown techniques for becoming a successful YouTube gamer and the tools required to do so.
Technique 1: Use live streaming
Live streaming is a great way to connect with your audience in real-time and build a loyal following. You can use platforms like Twitch or YouTube Live to stream your gameplay and interact with your viewers. This helps to create a sense of community around your channel and allows you to engage with your audience on a deeper level.
Tools: OBS Studio
OBS Studio is a free and open-source software for video recording and live streaming. It's a great tool for beginners and allows you to customize your live stream with different overlays, transitions, and effects.
Technique 2: Use gaming overlays
Gaming overlays are graphics that are added on top of your gameplay footage to give your videos a more professional and engaging look. You can use overlays to showcase your branding, highlight important information, or add a touch of personality to your videos.
Streamlabs is a popular streaming software that offers a variety of free and customizable overlays. It's easy to use and allows you to create custom overlays that match your branding.
Technique 3: Use a high-quality microphone
Audio quality is just as important as video quality when it comes to creating engaging content. A high-quality microphone can help to improve the clarity and overall sound quality of your videos.
Tools: Blue Yeti
The Blue Yeti is a popular USB microphone that offers great sound quality and a variety of recording patterns. It's easy to set up and is a great choice for beginner and intermediate YouTubers.
Technique 4: Use keywords in your video titles and descriptions
Keywords are important for SEO and can help to improve the visibility of your videos in search results. By using relevant keywords in your video titles and descriptions, you can attract more viewers and increase your chances of getting discovered on YouTube.
Tools: Google Keyword Planner
Google Keyword Planner is a free tool that allows you to find relevant keywords for your videos. It's a great way to research popular search terms and optimize your video titles and descriptions.
Technique 5: Use closed captions
Closed captions can help to make your videos more accessible and inclusive to a wider audience. It also helps to improve the overall watch time of your videos.
Rev.com is a popular transcription and closed captioning service that offers affordable and accurate captions. It's a great tool for YouTubers who want to make their videos more accessible to viewers.
Technique 6: Use social media to promote your channel
Social media is a great way to promote your channel and attract new viewers. By sharing your videos on platforms like Twitter, Facebook, and Instagram, you can reach a wider audience and connect with your viewers on a more personal level.
Drummitup is a website that appears to provide social media services, specifically for promoting content on Instagram, Twitter, and SoundCloud. The website claims to offer a range of services such as likes, followers, views, and comments for users looking to increase their presence on these platforms.
Technique 7: Use engaging thumbnails
Thumbnails are the first thing that viewers see when browsing for videos on YouTube. Using engaging and eye-catching thumbnails can help to attract more viewers and improve your click-through rate.
Canva is a popular graphic design tool that allows you to create social media graphics and other promotional materials. It's a great tool for creating eye-catching graphics that will help your videos stand out on social media.
Becoming a successful YouTube gamer takes more than just playing games. By using lesser-known techniques like collaborating with other YouTubers, using a green screen, using animated intros and outros, and using social media to promote your channel, you can create engaging content that stands out from the crowd. And with the right tools like Drummitup.com, Elgato Green Screen, Adobe After Effects, and Hootsuite, you can take your videos to the next level and build a loyal following on YouTube.


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T Cell Repertoire & Self TolerancePresentation Transcript
T Cell Development, Repertoire Selection and Immune Self Tolerance
Why is a mechanism for repertoire selection and self tolerance needed? Generation of the TcR repertoire involves many random mechanisms The specificity of TcR in the immature repertoire is also random & will include cells with receptors that are: T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T 2. Useless T T T APC 3. Useful Foreign antigen recognition T 1. Harmful Self antigen recognition
Self proteins enter the endogenous and exogenous antigen processing pathways Processing pathways do not distinguish self from non-self Self cellular proteins Self serum & cellular proteins
>90% of eluted peptides are derived from self proteins Yet self antigens do not usually activate T cells Self peptides load onto MHC class I & II molecules Purify stable MHC-peptide complexes Fractionate and microsequence peptides Acid elute peptides
TcRs recognise the non-self peptide antigen and the self MHC molecule MHC molecules RESTRICT T cell activation But how do T cells learn how much self recognition is acceptable? The immune system allows a limited degree of self recognition
T cells are only allowed to develop if their TcR recognise parts of self MHC MHC A haplotype T CELL Explains why T cells of MHC haplotype A do not recognise antigen specific presented by MHC haplotype B MHC B haplotype APC MHC A haplotype APC
Harmful Useless Useful Positively select Negatively select Wholly self-reactive and useless T cells are removed MHC-restricted are retained THYMUS Neglect Y T Y Y T T APC Y T ? Y T Y T Y Y Y Y T T Y Y T T Y Y Y T T T Y Y Y Y T Y T T T Random TcR repertoire ensures diversity Y T Y T Y T
The thymus Lobulated structure with a STROMA of epithelial cells & connective tissue Stroma provides a microenvironment for T cell development & selection Lobules differentiated into an outer CORTEX & inner MEDULLA , both filled with bone-marrow-derived THYMOCYTES Cortex Medulla Cortical epithelial cell Medullary epithelial cell Dendritic cell Thymocyte Macrophage
The thymus is required for T cell maturation Athymic mice ( nude ) and humans (DiGeorge syndrome) are immunodeficient due to a lack of T cells Neonatal thymectomy No mature T cells In adult Thymus intact Mature T cells In adult
Roles of the bone marrow and thymus in T cell maturation Defective lymphocyte production Normal thymus scid/scid Thymus defect Normal bone marrow nu/nu No mature T cells In adults No mature T cells In adults
Bone marrow supplies T cells, and they mature in the thymus Thymus colonised by thymocytes from the thymus defective, i.e. orange, mouse Thymus graft Bone marrow transplant Thymus colonised by thymocytes from thymus defective, i.e. orange, mouse Marrow defect Thymus defect
The thymus matures T cells after birth, but early in life Remove Thymus Mature T & B cells No T cells Mature B cells present T cells not yet left thymus The thymus is needed to generate mature T cells Adult Neonate
The thymus is most active in the foetal and neonatal period The thymus is needed for NEONATAL TOLERANCE T cells vs. OVA Adult Neonate No T cells vs.OVA OVA KLH T cells vs. KLH T cells vs. KLH
T cells mature in the thymus but most die there. 98% of cells die in the thymus without inducing any inflammation or any change in the size of the thymus. Thymic macrophages phagocytose apoptotic thymocytes. Constant 1-2 x 10 8 cells Mouse thymus 5 x 10 7 per day 2 x 10 6 per day
T cell development is marked by cell surface molecule changes As T cells mature in the thymus they change their expression of TcR-associated molecules and co-receptors. These changes can be used as markers of their stage of maturation 98% CD3/TcR- CD4-, 8- Double negative CD3+ TcR -chain + pre-TcR + (pT CD4+, 8+ Large double positive CD3+ TcR + CD4+ CD8+ Small double positive TcR+ CD3+ CD4-, 8- CD3+ TcR + CD4+ Single positive CD3+ TcR + CD8+ Single positive
Different developmental stages of thymocytes are present in different parts of the thymus Cortex Immature double negative & positive thymocytes Medulla Mature single positive thymocytes DP CD3+ pT : DN CD3+ pT : CD25-, CD44- DP CD3+ TcR + DN CD25+ CD44+ DN CD25- CD44+ DN CD25+, CD44low SP CD3+ TcR + CD8+ CD3+ TcR + CD4+ SP
TcR rearrangement C region spliced to VDJ fusion and -chain protein produced in cytoplasm No TcR at cell surface DN CD25+, CD44low V D J C Germline configuration V D J C D-J fusion DN CD25+ CD44+ DN CD25- CD44+ V D J C V-DJ fusion
Similarities in the development of T and B cells: A B cell reminder Surrogate light chain is transiently expressed when V H D H J H C H is productively rearranged
Triggers entry into cell cycle
Expands pre-B cells with in frame VDJ joins
2. Suppresses further H chain rearrangement
1. Cell proliferates rapidly to yield daughter cells with the same chain Expands only cells with in-frame TcR chains 2. Successful rearrangement shuts off rearrangement on 2nd chromosome Ensures only one specificity of TcR expressed per cell Similarities in the development of T and B cells: Pre T cell receptor DN CD3+ very low pT : CD25- CD44- TcR -chain preTcR -chain TcR -chain preTcR -chain CD8 CD4 DP CD3+ low pT : CD25- CD44- CD4+ CD8+
TcR rearrangement When proliferation stops, the chain starts to rearrange Germline TcR J C V V-J rearranged TcR 1° transcript Spliced TcR mRNA CD3+ TcR + DP T cells can now recognise antigens and interact with MHC class I & II through CD4 & CD8 Selection can now begin DP CD3+ low pT : CD25- CD44- CD4+ CD8+
How does the thymus choose which of the cells entering the thymus are useful, harmful and useless Mouse thymus 5 x 10 7 per day 2 x 10 6 per day
Retention of thymocytes expressing TcR that are RESTRICTED in their recognition of antigen by self MHC i.e. selection of the USEFUL Removal of thymocytes expressing TcR that either recognise self antigens presented by self MHC or that have no affinity for self MHC i.e. selection of the HARMFUL and the USELESS Sorting the useful from the harmful and the useless Positive selection Negative selection
MHC restriction Antigen can be seen by the TcR only in the context of an MHC molecule TcR will not bind to an MHC molecule unless there is an antigen in the groove In the presence of antigen, the TcR must have some affinity for the MHC molecule
Thymus defect Marrow defect Experimental evidence for MHC restriction as a marker of positive selection CHIMERA Orange strain cells in a blue strain mouse Which MHC haplotype will restrict the T cells, Orange or blue ? Bone marrow transplant Transplant reconstitutes marrow defective mouse
Studies in bone marrow chimeras show that MHC restriction is learnt in the thymus T cell response of recipient T cells to antigen The MHC haplotype of the environment in which T cells mature determines their MHC restriction element Irradated bone marrow recipients MHC A MHC (AxB)F1 Bone marrow donor MHC (AxB)F1 MHC haplotype of APC A B A B A B MHC B
Explanation of bone marrow chimera experiment: Mice of a particular MHC haplotype only make T cells restricted by that haplotype MHC (AxB)F1 Able to make T cells restricted by MHC A or B MHC A Able to make T cells restricted by MHC A MHC B Able to make T cells restricted by MHC B Bone marrow must contain potential to make T cells restricted by A and B MHC molecules
Explanation of bone marrow chimera experiment: Irradiation prevents the bone marrow from generating lymphocytes These mice are severely immunodeficient and can only be reconstituted by a bone marrow transplant Irradiation destroys the immune system but has no effect on the epithelial or dendritic cells of the thymus MHC A MHC B MHC A MHC B Normal mice MHC A MHC B Mice now have an intact, functional thymic stroma but have no thymocytes, T cells or bone marrow
Bone marrow contains the potential to make T cells restricted by A and B MHC molecules Explanation of bone marrow chimera experiment: Reconstitution of irradiated mice with (AxB)F1 bone marrow MHC (AxB)F1 MHC A MHC (AxB)F1 MHC B Irradiated bone marrow recipients Transplant bone marrow to reconstitute immune system of immunodeficient mice
Mouse with an MHC A thymus, but A x B bone marrow Mouse with an MHC B thymus, but A x B bone marrow Explanation of bone marrow chimera experiment: MHC restriction is learnt in the thymus by positive selection Mature T cells restricted only by MHC A Mature T cells restricted only by MHC B A x B T cell precursors MHC A Thymus A x B T cell precursors MHC B Thymus
MHC haplotype of antigen presenting cells Explanation of bone marrow chimera experiment: Peripheral T cells are restricted by the MHC type of the thymus that they mature in MHC (AxB)F1 Bone marrow donor T cell response of recipient T cells to antigen A B A B MHC A MHC B Bone marrow recipients
T cells are ‘educated’ in the thymus to recognise antigens only in the context of self MHC The MHC haplotype of the environment in which T cells mature determines their MHC restriction element Bone marrow chimeras show that MHC restriction is learnt in the thymus Summary MHC restriction is learnt in the thymus by positive selection
Removal of thymocytes expressing TcR that either recognise self antigens presented by self MHC or that have no affinity for self MHC i.e. selection of the HARMFUL and the USELESS Negative Selection Superantigens can be used to probe the mechanisms of negative selection
Nominal antigens & superantigens Nominal antigens Require processing to peptides TcR and chains are involved in recognition >1 in 10 5 T cells recognise each peptide Recognition restricted by an MHC class I or II molecule Almost all proteins can be nominal antigens Superantigens Not processed Only TcR chain involved in recognition 2-20% of T cells recognise each superantigen Presented by almost any MHC class II molecule Very few antigens are superantigens Suggests a strikingly different mechanism of antigen presentation & recognition.
Superantigens e.g. Staphylococcal enterotoxins Toxic shock syndrome toxin I (TSST-1) Staphylococcal enterotoxins SEA, SEB, SEC, SED & SEE Do not induce adaptive responses, but trigger a massive burst of cytokines that may cause fever, systemic toxicity & immune suppression Severe food poisoning Toxic shock syndrome Class II from MHC A to Z haplotypes TcR from MHC A haplotype T cell APC V V
Interaction of SEB with MHC Class II molecules and the TcR MHC class II TcR beta chain MHC class II SEB TcR beta chain SEB
Exogenous superantigen-V relationship Superantigen Human V region SEA 1.1, 5.3, 6.3, 6.4 6.9, 7.3, 7.4, 9.1 SEB 3, 12, 14, 15, 17, 20 SEC 1 12 SEC 2 12, 13.1, 13.2 SED 5, 12 SEE 5.1, 6.3, 6.4, 6.9, 8.1 TSST-1 2 Explains why superantigens stimulate so many T cells
Effect of TSST-1 on T cells expressing V 2 Fresh PBMC stained with anti-V 2 PBMC cultured with TSST-1 Stained with anti-V 3 Fresh PBMC unstained Fluorescence intensity (i.e. amount of staining with anti-V antibody) Cell number PBMC cultured with TSST-1 Stained with anti-V 2 Cell number
Other exogenous superantigens Bacterial exoproteins Staphylococcal exfoliative toxins Streptococcus pyogenes erythrogenic toxins A & C (?Streptococcal M protein?) Yersinia enterocolitica superantigen Clostridium perfingens superantigen Mycoplasma arthritidis mitogen
Superantigens Mouse mammary tumour viruses (Mtv) Cell-tethered superantigen encoded by the viral genome TcR from MHC A haplotype T cell APC Class II from MHC A to Z haplotypes Vb V V
Endogenous superantigens Mouse mammary tumour viruses (MMTV) Retroviruses that contain an open reading frame in a 3’ long terminal repeat that encodes a superantigen associated with the cell surface of APC Most mice carry 2-8 integrated MMTV proviruses in their genome Integrated MMTV Mtv-1, 2, 3, 6, 7 (Mls-1 a ), 8, 9, 11, 13 & 43 Infectious and transmitted by milk MMTV (C3H) MMTV (SW) MMTV (GR)
Mtv Murine V region Mtv 8 11 Mtv 11 11 Mtv 9 5.1, 5.2, 11 Mtv 6 3, 5.1, 5.2 Mtv 1 3 Mtv 3 3 Mtv 13 3 Mtv 7 6, 7, 8.1, 9 MMTV SW 6, 7, 8.1, 9 MMTV C3H 14 MMTV GR 14 Endogenous superantigen V -relationship Stimulate T cells in a similar manner to exogenous supernatigens Valuable tools in analysis of self tolerance
Irradiated Mtv-7 superantigen APC T Only T cells with TcR containing V 6, V 8.1 and V 9 proliferate Mtv-7 interacts with V 6, V 8.1 and V 9 and activates only cells bearing those TcR Selective expansion of cells bearing certain V chains Mtv act in a similar manner to exogenous superantigens in vitro T T T T T T T STIMULATOR CELLS Mtv-7 +ve RESPONDING T CELLS Mtv-7 -ve
How do pathogens use superantigens?
Reduces the possibility that effective T cell clonal selection can eliminate the pathogen
Upon resolution, cells activated by the superantigen die, leaving the host immunosuppressed
Unfocussed adaptive immune response activates cells of all specificities as well as those specific for the superantigens Transmission of infection
1. MMTV infected, MHC class II positive B cells Transmission of infection B T 2. Massive T cell response to MMTV superantigen 3. Vigorous T cell help leads to B cell proliferation and differentiation to long-lived B cells 4. Infected cells traffic to mammary gland and infect young via milk
Analysis of negative selection in vivo. Mtv Mtv-7 superantigen binds to V 6, V 8.1 and V 9+ve thymocytes Mtv-7 superantigen positive Negative selection Immature CD4+8+ thymocytes expressing V V 8.1 and V 9 in the thymus No mature CD4+ or CD8+ V V 8.1 and V 9 T cells in periphery Mtv-7 superantigen negative Immature CD4+8+ thymocytes expressing V V 8.1 and V 9 in the thymus Negative selection Mature CD4+ or CD8+ V V 8.1 and V 9 T cells in periphery THYMUS PERIPHERY
Analysis of negative selection in vivo. Milk transmissible superantigens - MMTV (C3H) V 14 present? Yes No Male or female B10.BR Male or female C3H
No X Male C3H Female B10.BR V 14 present? F1 offspring Male B10.BR Female C3H X V 14 present? F1 offspring Yes
No Deletion of V 14 T cells in mice infected with MMTV by milk MMTV transmitted to fostered pups by infected B cells found in milk + Foster female B10.BR Young male or female C3H Yes V 14 present in fostered pups? + Foster female C3H Young male or female C3H Or B10.BR
Are the signals that induce positive & negative selection the same, or different? Negative selection Peripheral T cells SAME specificity DIFFERENT specificity Positive selection Immature thymocytes X T H Y M U S
Hypotheses of self-tolerance Avidity hypothesis Affinity of the interaction between TcR & MHC Density of the MHC:peptide complex on the cell surface Quantitative difference in signal to thymocyte. Differential signalling hypothesis Type of signal that the TcR delivers to the cell Qualitative difference in signal to thymocyte.
Removal of useless cells Peptide is not recognised or irrelevant Thymocyte receives no signal, fails to be positively selected and dies by apoptosis. WEAK OR NO SIGNAL CD8 TcR T cell Thymic epithelial cell MHC Class I
Positive selection Peptide is a partial agonist Thymocyte receives a partial signal and is rescued from apoptosis i.e. the cell is positively selected to survive and mature. PARTIAL SIGNAL Thymic epithelial cell MHC Class I CD8 TcR T cell
Negative selection Peptide is an agonist Thymocyte receives a powerful signal and undergoes apoptosis i.e. the cell is negatively selected and dies. FULL SIGNAL Thymic epithelial cell MHC Class I CD8 CD8 TcR T cell
The thymus accepts T cells that fall into a narrow window of affinity for MHC molecules Number of cells Affinity of TcR/MHC interaction Low High Useless Neglect Useful Positively select Harmful Negatively select
How accurate are these models of positive and negative selection? Positive selection: Relied on very complex chimera experiments Relied on proof of MHC restriction as an outcome which is tested in an ‘unnatural’ response using MHC mismatched presenting cells Negative selection: Relied on exceptionally powerful superantigens operating outside the normal mechanisms of antigen recognition
Illustration of selection using TcR transgenic mice Generation of transgenic mice In TcR transgene-expressing mice almost all thymocytes express the transgenic TcR due to ALLELIC EXCLUSION . T T cell clone with known TcR specificity and MHC restriction Rearranged chain cDNA construct Rearranged chain cDNA construct } Inject into fertilised mouse ovum Re-implant Analyse offspring for transgene expression.
Cells that fail positive selection die in the thymus (neglect) Thymocytes die at the double positive stage after failing +ve selection due to a lack of MHC A In TcR transgenic mice expressing an MHC A restricted TcR, all thymocytes express the MHC A restricted TcR Transgenically express MHC A restricted TcR in an MHC B mouse DP CD3+ TcR + No single +ve cells are present in the periphery SP CD3+ TcR + CD8+ or CD4+ DN CD3- MHC B
Positive selection determines the restriction element of the TcR AND the expression of CD4 or CD8 Restriction element and co-receptor expression are co-ordinated Instructive model: Signal from CD4 silences the CD8 expression & vice versa? Stochastic/selection model: Cells randomly inactivate CD4 or CD8 gene, then test for matching of TcR restriction with co-receptor expression? TcR transgenic mouse TcR from MHC class I- restricted T cell TcR transgenic mouse TcR from MHC class II- restricted T cell Only CD8 cells mature Only CD4 cells mature
Instructive model: Signal from CD4 silences the CD8 expression & vice versa Double positive thymocyte Thymic epithelial cell Double positive to single positive transition Single CD4+ thymocyte X √ CD8 MHC Class I MHC Class II 3 2 TcR TcR CD4 MHC Class II 2 TcR CD4 MHC Class I 3 TcR -ve CD8
Stochastic/selection model: Cells randomly inactivate CD4 or CD8 gene, whilst testing a match of TcR restriction Double positive thymocyte Thymic epithelial cell Single CD4+ thymocyte Double positive to single positive transition X √ MHC Class II 2 TcR MHC Class I 3 TcR CD8 MHC Class I MHC Class II 3 2 TcR TcR CD4 CD4 CD8 CD4 CD8 CD4
Deletion of cells in the thymus: differential effect on the mature and immature repertoire TcR from T cell specific for hen egg lysosyme (HEL) ~100% of T cells/thymocytes express anti-HEL TcR Immunise with HEL Thymocytes activated by antigen in the thymic environment die T cells activated by antigen in the periphery proliferate TcR transgenic mouse Analyse peripheral T cells: All transgenic T cells proliferate Analyse thymus: All transgenic T cells die by apoptosis
How can the thymus express all self antigens – including self antigens only made by specialised tissues? How do we become self tolerant to these antigens?
Nature Immunology November 2001
Promiscuous expression of tissue-specific genes by medullary thymic epithelial cells
How is self tolerance established to antigens that can not be expressed in the thymus?
T cells bearing TcR reactive with proteins expressed in the thymus are deleted.
Some self proteins are not expressed in the thymus e.g. antigens first expressed at puberty
Self tolerance can be induced outside the thymus
PERIPHERAL TOLERANCE or ANERGY
A state of immunological inactivity caused by a failure to deliver appropriate signals to T or B cells when stimulated with antigen
i.e. a failure of antigen presenting cells to deliver COSTIMULATION
T helper cells costimulate B cells Two - signal models of activation Y Y Y B T cell antigen receptor Co-receptor (CD4) CD40 Ligand (CD154) Th Signal 2 - T cell help CD40 MHC class II and peptide Signal 1 antigen & antigen receptor ACTIVATION
Antigen presentation - T cells are co-stimulated Costimulatory molecules are expressed by most APC including dendritic cells, monocytes, macrophages, B cells etc., but not by cells that have no immunoregulatory functions such as muscle, nerves, hepatocytes, epithelial cells etc. APC Th Signal 1 antigen & antigen receptor Signal 2 B7 family members (CD80 & CD86) CD28 ACTIVATION
Express IL-2 receptor- and chains but no chain or IL-2 Mechanism of co-stimulation in T cells Signal 1 NFAT binds to the promoter of of the chain gene of the IL-2 receptor. The chain converts the IL-2R to a high affinity form Resting T cells Low affinity IL-2 receptor IL-2 IL-2R IL-2 IL-2R 1 Antigen
Signal 2 Activates AP-1 and NF -B to increase IL-2 gene transcription by 3 fold Stabilises and increases the half-life of IL-2 mRNA by 20-30 fold IL-2 production increased by 100 fold overall Mechanism of co-stimulation in T cells Immunosuppressive drugs illustrate the importance of IL-2 in immune responses Cyclosporin & FK506 inhibit IL-2 by disrupting TcR signalling Rapamycin inhibits IL-2R signalling IL-2 IL-2R 1 Antigen 2 Costimulation
Signal 1 only Anergy The T cell is unable to produce IL-2 and therefore is unable to proliferate or be clonally selected. Unlike immunosupressive drugs that inhibit ALL specificities of T cell, signal 1 in the absence of signal 2 causes antigen specificT cell unresponsiveness. Self peptide epitopes presented by a non-classical APC e.g. an epithelial cell IL-2 IL-2R 1 Antigen Epithelial cell Naïve T cell
Arming of effector T cells Activation of NAÏVE T cells by signal 1 and 2 is not sufficient to trigger effector function, but….. the T cell will be activated to proliferate and differentiate under the control of autocrine IL-2 to an effector T cell. These T cells are ARMED APC T IL-2 Effector T cell Clonal selection and differentiation How can this cell give help to, or kill cells, that express low levels of B7 family costimulators?
Clonally selected, proliferating and differentiated T cell i.e. ARMED sees antigen on a B7 -ve epithelial cell The effector programme of the T cell is activated without costimulation This contrasts the situation with naïve T cells, which are anergised without costimulation Effector function or Anergy? Armed Effector T cell CD28 Co-receptor TcR IL-2 Epithelial cell Naïve T cell Epithelial cell Epithelial cell Armed Effector T cell Kill
CD28 cross linked by B7 Costimulatory molecules also associate with inhibitory receptors CTLA-4 binds CD28 with a higher affinity than B7 molecules Co-stimulation induces CTLA-4 The lack of signal 2 to the T cell shuts down the T cell response. CD28lo Activated T cell CTLA-4hi B7 CD28 T cell B7 2 2 Signal 1 + Cross-linking of CTLA-4 by B7 inhibits co-stimulation and inhibits T cell activation - - - - -
The danger hypothesis & co-stimulation Fuchs & Matzinger 1995 Full expression of T cell function and self tolerance depends upon when and where co-stimulatory molecules are expressed. Innocuous challenge to the immune system fails to activate APC and fails to activate the immune system Apoptotic cell death. A natural, often useful cell death. APC APC No danger No danger Cell containing only self antigens
The danger hypothesis APC that detect ‘danger’ signals express costimulatory molecules, activate T cells and the immune response APC APC Necrotic cell death e.g. tissue damage, virus infection etc Pathogens recognised by microbial patterns DANGER
Antigens induce tolerance or immunity depending upon the ability of the immune system to sense them as ‘dangererous’, and not by sensing whether they are self or ‘non-self’.
There is no window for tolerance induction in neonates - if a ‘danger signal’ is received, the neonatal immune system will respond
Neonatal T cells are not intrinsically tolerisable but the natural anti-inflammatory nature of the neonatal environment predisposes to tolerance
Apoptosis, the ‘non-dangerous’ death of self cells may prevent autoimmunity when old or surplus cells are disposed of.
Suggests that tolerance is the default pathway of the immune system on encountering antigens.
Explains why immunisations require adjuvants to stimulate cues of danger such as cytokines or costimulatory molecule expression.
How the danger hypothesis suggests a review of immunological dogma Doesn’t exclude self-nonself discrimination, but the danger hypothesis will be very hard to disprove experimentally.

domain: medical


A CLOSE LOOK
Important to know when one has to call it a day
Games and sports imitate life in more ways than none. There are struggles to rise to the pinnacle or pole position. Against the sweetest success, there are heart-breaking defeats too. Even the world's leading player has to leave the stage ---at times in tears. But as long as the darling of loving crowds moves on the court and hogs spotlight, they always expect him to deliver and triumph.
Unfortunately, games and sports are meant for the young. Even chess which does not require physical techniques is not for the old to shine. Some of the disciplines like gymnastics crown the teenagers when the body is supple. Let alone the unconventional sports, the more conventional and highly popular sports demanding exceptional physical fitness, stamina, strength, skills and mental toughness such as tennis, football, hockey, baseball, basketball, volleyball, badminton and cricket dislike aging and welcome fresh blood.
Boxing and wrestling could be included in the category but those have been deliberately left out here because, although popular among a segment of viewers, the physical pounding in one and the playacting in another qualify them to be off-beat sports. Notwithstanding the Boxing legend Muhammad Ali's art in the ring, the Parkinson's disease he suffered in his advanced age most likely had its origin in the blows he suffered against opponents.
Better it would be to concentrate on tennis, football and cricket ---the last too being highly popular in this country. Tennis may not be as popular as those two but here is a game that really brings the best in a sportsperson for over a long period of time. Take the example of Roger Federer, former No.1 in the world. With 103 ATP (Association of Tennis Professionals) singles titles and 20 Grand Slam titles to his credit, he has ruled the tennis circuit for over two decades.
But the Swiss player's iconic figure remains incomplete if his thrilling and absorbing competitions with two other tennis greats in the shape of Rafael Nadal of Spain and Novak Djokovic of Serbia are taken into account. The trio will go down in the history of tennis as the greatest of all time. He has already been surpassed by Nadal and Djokovic with 22 and 21 Grand Slams to their names respectively.
They have played in an era against each other to lift tennis to its highest limit. Now age seems to have caught up with at least two of them. Injury kept both Federer and Nadal away from tennis. Although Nadal returned to defy injuries and win two more Grand Slam titles to take the tally to 22, the highest by an individual, Federer's return proved disappointing. Djokovic is likely to carry the legacy for a few more years. He had a chance of capturing two more Grand Slam titles this year but for his refusal to get vaccinated against coronavirus. He was sent back from Australia and he may not even be allowed to enter the USA for the US Open.
Now Federer and Nadal may have to call it a day. Their aging and injury afflicted bodies may no longer be equal to the gruelling and punishing display on courts in a tournament. This is what gives a sense of departure from limelight for sportspersons even when they are relatively younger. Consider professionals of government and private services, they can serve up to 60 or 65 years.
No wonder, the monetary reward for players is astounding. Tennis players and boxers earn fabulous sums of prize money and they also have income from endorsement. On that count, footballers have contracts with clubs and sponsorship deals. All these and their investments allow them to build fortunes few can rival. But their careers are not long and they have to make their decisions on drawing the curtain on their professional life before others tell them to do so. Thus they end their career gracefully.
In this part of the world, the craze for cricket is at its astronomical. When Sachin Tendulkar said goodbye, he knew it was time. Not many however are aware that it was time for them to make the painful decision. But there are cases of dilemma like that of Virat Kohli.
As Virat Kohli's lean patch continues, now for as long as three years, great Kapil Dev did not mince words about the batter's place in the Indian team. He argued if Aswin, world's number two bowler in Test ranking, can be kept outside the squad, why should Kohli's place in the team be guaranteed?
The suggestion has triggered a stormy debate on the once-prolific batter's future in Team India. Surprisingly, both former greats and current cricketers deemed to attain greatness in the future disagree and think Kohli still has miles to go. Sure enough any other cricketer in his current form would have been shown the door but this batter aged only 33, with 70 centuries under his belt is a class apart and selectors, therefore, have to think twice before dumping him on the sideline.
Sportspersons, particularly the iconic among them, are celebrities of a different genre. Those who dominate the silver screen may have a larger following but so far as the international image is concerned, many sports personalities outdo the gifted actors and actresses of the tinsel towns.
Like the inevitability of death for any mortal, in sports also even the very best have to stop at some point. The important question is if they do it with dignity. In professions where there is no limit to retirement, some hangs on when they should have long gone. In such cases, their exit takes place in an unceremonious way.


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The debate continues over college athletes getting paid–and now Minnesota Vikings running back Adrian Peterson has jumped in with a statement that “players are the ones making these universities money.” He’s certainly on to something there, and especially when a school ends up with a high-profile player.
Peterson’s statement came after NBA commissioner Adam Silver said that college basketball players should stay in school for two years. This would allow the colleges to make as much money off of their best players and give them nothing in return for the publicity the school gets. There’s a slippery slope, though. Who knows what may happen if players did get paid? And how much? Would how the size of the school have to be considered?
The college experience is being tainted to a degree with student-athletes playing for one season in basketball, or two or three in football. Isn’t the point of college to get an education? It’s pretty obvious that the money is more important than what the players do after their careers are over–and they want to see the money as soon as possible.

domain: sports


About This Series
The Voice for Real Estate is NAR's bi-weekly video news series. Every two weeks, host Stephen Gasque, NAR's director of broadcasting, shines a spotlight on the top legislative, regulatory, and legal issues NAR is working on, and he will summarize recent research findings.
Share The Voice for Real Estate
State and local associations of REALTORS® are encouraged to share the news and value of The Voice of Real Estate with their membership.
Is commercial underwriting getting too loose? Plus, NAR’s new digital ad campaign.
Understanding IRS 1099 Form Rules
Messaging Technology: Should you be required to save that Snapchat you sent to that Client?
How crowdfunding can boost your real estate business.
What to remember as presidential candidates discuss issues important to real estate.
Condo financing is easier to get under changes FHA rolled out at the NAR conference in San Diego. The new REALTOR® zipLogix® member benefit.
NAR and its partners have signed an agreement to launch a new platform for brokers called Upstream.
Lawmakers hear from REALTORS® on how to make condo financing easier to get.
What’s next now that CFPB has levied a $109 million anti-kickback fine for a marketing service agreement?
Washington REALTORS® won tax battles this year thanks to support from other groups and a well-targeted campaign.


Description: Ge 15 Amp Single Pole Ground Fault Breaker With Self Test Ge 15 Amp Single Pole Ground Fault Breaker With Self Test Faults In Electrical Circuits #8094
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Performing electrical wiring by yourself might be tricky. This is often specially so when you lack the understanding as well as knowledge in electrical things. The point is you can't do a trial and error process when working with electrical wiring. Errors could value you a fortune or maybe your lifetime. Which is why right before commencing any do-it-yourself electrical repair, it's important to talk to some electrical wiring questions simply to make certain you understand what you are executing. Something about electrical wiring is that wires tend to be color coded. Hence, it really is truly a lot easier to understand which ones go with which. Down below tend to be the most commonly encountered electrical wiring thoughts whose responses frequently contain colors to help you establish every single specific wire. - Uf Electrical Wire
Hampton Bay Ceiling Fan Switch Wiring Diagram Inspirational Hampton Bay Ceiling Fan Switch Wiring Diagram Inspirational Hampton Bay Ceiling Fan Switch Wiring Diagram Lovely 3 Speed Ceiling Fan Switch Wiring Diagram #8449
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How can You Wire a Swap?
One among essentially the most frequent electrical wiring inquiries is on how to wire a change. When using switches in the home is kind of straightforward, wiring a person might not be that quick for everyone. An ON-OFF switch is actually quite simple to wire. You will discover various kinds of switches, but for this example, let's say you are setting up a single-pole toggle switch, an incredibly popular switch (along with the most basic).
You will discover a few hues of wires inside of a common single-pole toggle switch: black, white, and eco-friendly. Splice the black wire in two and connect them on the terminal screws - a person on leading as well as other within the base screw from the change. The white wire serves for a supply of uninterrupted electrical power which is commonly connected to your light-weight coloured terminal screw (e.g., silver). Hook up the green wire into the ground screw of your respective swap.
These measures would normally be sufficient to produce a typical switch do the job without having a dilemma. On the other hand, should you aren't confident you can attain the activity adequately and safely you improved permit the professionals do it rather. After all, there's a motive why this undertaking has become the most typical electrical wiring thoughts asked by a lot of people.
How do You Wire a Ceiling Fan?
For a few rationale, the best way to wire a ceiling fan is usually among by far the most prevalent electrical wiring queries. To simplify this activity, you can utilize a single switch for your single ceiling fan. To wire the lover, it's only a make any difference of connecting the black wire on the ceiling fan to the black wire in the switch. If there is a light-weight, the blue wire needs to be connected on the black wire on the switch too.
How can You Substitute a Breaker and how Would you Increase a Sub Panel?
Even though numerous try to do these duties on their own, many people are recommended to rent an electrician instead. It's more difficult and for that reason hazardous for some men and women to try to exchange a breaker or increase a panel. To give you an plan about these common electrical wiring queries, you should must function on the hot electrical panel. In case you do not even really know what this suggests, you might be merely not geared up to perform the job oneself. Even if you must spend a lot more by selecting an expert electrician, it is a lot safer plus more sensible to carry out this as an alternative. - Ge 15 Amp Single Pole Ground Fault Breaker With Self Test Ge 15 Amp Single Pole Ground Fault Breaker With Self Test Faults In Electrical Circuits #8094
There are actually factors why these are typically one of the most typically requested electrical wiring questions. A person, a lot of think it is really straightforward to perform, and two, these are typically the common electrical duties in your house. But you then must not set your basic safety at risk as part of your goal to save money. The stakes could even be a lot higher when you try to save cash and do an electrical wiring occupation without ample expertise or knowledge.
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All I have been thinking about for the past several months now are kitchens and bathrooms! What is your current design obsession" I came across the Park Kitchen Nottingham by DeVOL today, so very English I think, and I simply MUST how you some of the details because it’s like one of those kitchens that you imagine having if you took a place in the country in addition to your city apartment. I decided to put together a little 8 step guide to creating a modern country kitchen like this one.
1. Lighting from a different era and style. I LOVE this. When I see a kitchen like this, I expect the typical overhead lighting that is generally used to complete the look – something country, for instance. This feels very modern, classy and definitely very early turn of the century. You’d imagine this in a sleek New York City penthouse in the 1930s for instance, not in an English country home. It’s a great contrast. The understated oragami-like pendant above the sink is also very unexpected in a country kitchen but it’s definitely working! It’s modern and the form is just lovely.
2. Naked windows. If you don’t worry about people looking in on you at night while washing dishes, keep the windows naked and fabric-free. If you must add a little something, opt for a barely there white shade that you can just roll down in the evening. Less is more, and if you want lots of light in your kitchen, naked windows are the way to go. I have white Plissé shades and will never go back to roman blinds or anything else in my kitchen. Plissé shades are amazing.
3. Retro minimalist touches. I love the retro touches – the radio on the countertop and the smeg – perfect. You don’t need to go for an American diner look or cheese it up when it comes to retro hints. Keep them very spare but there. This smeg is honestly gorgeous in the space.
4. Hardware that doesn’t look like a kitchen anymore. These handles look like something f...

domain: design


Event: Bollywood's street dancer Govinda was spotted along with Retiesh Deshmukh, Geeta Kapoor and Ashley Lobo on the sets of Star Plus show 'India's Dancing Superstar'. Govinda mesmerized the audience as well as judges with his scintillating dance moves.
Guest List: Govinda, Geeta Kapoor, Retiesh Deshmukh, Ashley Lobo
Bollywood actress Kareena Kapoor Khan was snapped post Yoga Session at Bandra.
Sizzling Bollywood actress Kangana Ranaut was snapped at Bandra. Also spotted was director Hansal Mehta
Bollywood actress Sonam Kapoor was spotted with mother Sunita Kapoor at Bandra.
Bollywood star Salman Khan's rumoured girlfriend Iulia Vantur was spotted at Bandra.
Bollywood celebs Malaika Arora Khan along with sister Amrita Arora Ladak were snapped at Bandra.


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Essex Police search for woman after man stabbed in Ramsden Heath
A woman is being sought by police following a stabbing in Essex.
Police were called to Downham Road in Ramsden Heath at about 11:00 GMT following a call from the East of England Ambulance Service.
A man in his 40s was airlifted to Basildon Hospital. His injuries are described as serious but not life-threatening.
Officers are looking for a woman who left the scene and say they are "concerned for her welfare".
The man and the woman were known to each other, an Essex Police spokeswoman said. A weapon was recovered from the scene, she added.
The National Police Air Service helicopter based at Boreham, near Chelmsford, said on its Twitter account that it was also involved in looking for the woman.

domain: law


Looking for New York Stories:
Do you have a short, quintessentially New York story to share? Maybe it is from your time as a student, or a more recent experience? If so, please send brief info to firstname.lastname@example.org.
We have a new feature in our reimagined Fordham Lawyer magazine called “Only in New York“. See the first “Only in New York” — which focused on Kelly Herbert ’15 and her experience on the subway — here. The section is inspired by the New York Times’ Metropolitan Diary.


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The direct and indirect benefits of dispositional mindfulness on self-esteem and social anxietyAnxiety, Stress and Coping
Date of this Version3-1-2011
Document TypeJournal Article
AbstractThe current study investigated relationships between dispositional mindfulness, self-esteem, and social anxiety using self-report measures. Correlational data were collected from 205 Australian undergraduate students who completed the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS), the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), and the Social Interaction Anxiety Scale (SIAS). Mindfulness significantly predicted high levels of self-esteem and low levels of social anxiety. Mediation analysis supported the role of self-esteem as a partial mediator between mindfulness and social anxiety. Clinical implications and suggestions for future research are discussed.
Citation InformationMichael K. Rasmussen and Aileen M. Pidgeon. "The direct and indirect benefits of dispositional mindfulness on self-esteem and social anxiety" Anxiety, Stress and Coping Vol. 24 Iss. 2 (2011) p. 227 - 233 ISSN: 1061-5806
Available at: http://works.bepress.com/aileen_pidgeon/3/


Virginia Beach, VA – January 6, 2018, IntellecTechs, Inc. (pronounced In-te-LEC-Teks), proudly announces the award of a new prime task order with the U.S. Navy, Naval District Washington. IntellecTechs will be providing infrastructure support for: event management, audio-video (AV) and telecommunications, information technology administration, facility support services, and logistics management.
“IntellecTechs is pleased to support the Navy Support Activity and the Admiral Gooding Center (AGC) and its enormously important task of providing Events and Information Technology Support Services for collaborative meetings, training, and workshops,” company President Michael Harris said. “The Naval District Washington (NDW)/Naval Support Activity Washington (NSAW) Admiral Gooding Center (AGC) is a prestige-level facility on the historic Washington Navy Yard and operates as a conference center for the United States Navy. The AGC provides an environment where the Navy’s Leadership and clients can focus on thinking creatively, designing innovative solutions, making decisions, and multiplying the force readiness factor for the United States Navy.”
About IntellecTechs, IntellecTechs, is an 8(a) Certified by the Small Business Administration, Service-Disabled Veteran-Owned Small Business, Veteran-Owned Small Business, Economically Disadvantaged Women Owned Small Business, a Small Disadvantaged Business, and premier provider of professional services to federal and commercial customers. Founded in 2008, the company currently employing over 100 employees across 22 states and 5 countries. IntellecTechs provides 24/7 computer support, networking, website design, software development and application hosting services, certification training and testing for businesses in Virginia Beach and surrounding cities. IntellecTechs’ core competencies include Information Technology (IT) governance encompassing portfolio management, financial management, enterprise architecture, cyber security, policy writing and enforcement, resource planning, IT process management, professional services and staff augmentation.


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10 great ideas to jazz up a small square bedroom
Time & again, home professionals have vouched for the fact that even with the best of architectural design, a small room is always a challenge to decorate. And if the room is square shaped, it becomes even trickier considering that symmetry has a key role to play. Be it the living room, bedroom, or the kitchen, and irrespective of the style employed for interior design, tastefully dolling up small sized interior spaces takes more than the conventional room decor.
Room decorators & interior designers have often stressed on the creative aspect when it comes to decking up small living spaces. Tapping a little on your innovative side, you can easily give your small spaces an appealingly modern & practical look. And this where homify steps in! This homify article brings to you 10 wonderful ideas to pimp up your small square bedroom, that will inspire you to adorn your cozy sanctum with a personal touch alongside lending it a visually sound practical poise. Have a look!
10 great ideas to jazz up a small square bedroom. One of the things that really got me into Jazz was the sound of the chromatic jazz licks. This is such a huge part of the Jazz sound, especially from Bebop and beyond. In this video, I am going to
JazzTimes 10: Great Modern Big-Band Recordings. JazzTimes 10: Great Modern Big-Band Recordings. From Maria Schneider to John Hollenbeck and beyond. Published October 25, 2019 October 25, 2019 – By Michael J. West. We all know that the big bands never went away. These days, however, they’re having enough of a moment that the New York Times published an article about it at the start of this year. In the 21st century, a large jazz ensemble
Video of 10 great ideas to jazz up a small square bedroom10 great ideas to jazz up a small square bedroom To Weird. This is such a huge part of the Jazz sound, especially from Bebop and beyond. In this video, I am going to show you 10 examples of some great sounding Jazz licks with lots of chromaticism used in different ways: Passing notes, Enclosures, Shifting Patterns, Chromatic interval melodies, and more Atonal or completely far-out ideas. 10 Awesome Ideas For Better Jazz Licks You Should Know. It's not all scales and arpeggios when it comes to guitar jazz licks. This video is showing 10 ways to come up with new licks using different ideas that are not all based on the notes. This can 10 Great Jazz Songs For Kids. Finding good music to play in jazz class can be difficult- especially for kids. It’s hard to know whats hip and cool to children 10-20 years younger than you. Here are a few great jazz songs for kids. You can get all these songs on Spotify or iTunes: Fuego- Cheetah Girls ; Route 66 – Cheetah Girls 10 Great Films About Jazz. 10 great jazz films 'Born to Be Blue' The American trumpeter and vocalist Chet Baker (1929 - 1988) is a jazz legend. Baker was one of the few white musicians to find a place among jazz greats such 10 Jazz Improvisation Exercises To Practice When You're. 10 Exercises to Practice When You’ve Run Out of Ideas October 1, 2013 March 12, 2018 by Eric 9 minute read in Ear Training, Inspiration, Jazz Advice and Tips, Jazz Standards and Tunes, Practice Routines For Jazz Musicians, Premium Only, Rhythm and Time, Scales and Music Theory, Transcribing
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domain: artistic


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The IN Business Awards 2019 ceremony took place at the Hilton Nicosia, on January 30, and was attended by business leaders, industry giants, small enterprises and local managers alike, to celebrate their achievements of the past year.
Among a predominantly business audience, the business awards of IN Business Magazine were held this year for the twelfth consecutive year, raising Cypriot businesses, people and their products to the highest level.
We are honored to announce that Blue Point Yachting has won 1st prize in our category. A massive thank you to all the people that supported us and most importantly our clients. We could not have done this without you.
We promise to continue growing and working hard to keep all the people that trust us happy.


Transmission Electron Microscope
JEOL 2010F Transmission Electron Microscope
This instrument is an advanced and digitally dedicated transmission electron microscope operating at 200kV with a field-emission gun. It is capable of an ultimate point-to-point resolution of 0.19 nm, with the ability to image lattice fringes at 0.14 nm resolution. It is a multipurpose ultrahigh resolution analytical electron microscope with a wide range of capabilities such as high-resolution image observation, nanoarea X-ray analysis, versatile analysis by convergent-beam electron diffraction, and analysis of the atomic structure and/or bonding state of atoms. With the addition of Energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS) and Parallel electron energy loss spectrometer (PEELS), the field-emission TEM can also be used as an elemental analysis tool, capable of identifying the elements in areas less than 2 nm in diameter.
- 200 kV, Schottky Field Emission Gun
- Ultra High Resolution Pole Piece (Cs=0.5 mm)
- 0.19 nm Point-to-Point Resolution
- Minimum Beam Size: 0.5 nm
- JEOL Single Tilt Low Background Holder
- JEOL Double Tilt Low Background Holder
- Double Tilt Heating Holder (Maximum Temperature: 1000ºC)
- Specimen Tilt Angle (X axis): ±20º
- High Resolution Imaging
- Convergent Beam Electron Diffraction (CBED)
- Energy Dispersive X-Ray Analysis (EDS)
- Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy (EELS)
TEM Facility User Rates (Per Hour)
The microscope is located in Higgins 030. For all microscope questions and training, please contact: Bret Judson.
Please note that all work performed in BC core facilities and recharge centers should always be appropriately acknowledged. If you are publishing or presenting data acquired in BC core facilities and recharge centers, please include the following statement in the Acknowledgement section of your manuscript/poster/presentation, "The authors would like to thank the Boston College <insert facility name> for assistance with the work presented in this paper/poster/presentation*."
* Delete as appropriate


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Salt-phase chlorination of reactor fuels. I, Dissolution of zirconium alloys in lead chloride / by H. T. Hahn, E. M. Vander Wall.
|Main Author:||Hahn, H. T.|
|Related Names:||Vander Wall, E. M. , joint author|
[Idaho Falls, Idaho] : Phillips Petroleum Company, Atomic Energy Division ; Idaho Operations Office, U.S. Atomic Energy Commission, 1959.
Reactor fuel reprocessing.
"August 10, 1959"--Cover.
"Date written: May 22, 1959."
23 p. :
|Locate a Print Version:||
Find in a library
- Full view (original from Technical Report Archive & Image Library)

domain: literature


Oregon State Capitol, Legislature (Salem Reporter/file)
The race for a vacant seat in Oregon’s House District 21 has begun to take shape as one of the state’s most prominent Republicans, Kevin Mannix, filed in the district Thursday morning.
Mannix joins four other candidates that have already filed in the district. Ramiro "RJ" Navarro Jr., Dave McCall and Robert Husseman . . .


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Funding, News and Announcements» Go to news main
The 2021-22 Report on Competitions is now publicly available in an accessible format on the Open Government portal. Highlights of the report, including a selection of facts and figures, is also available on the Annual report on competitions webpage of SSHRC’s website.
The report provides an annual review of SSHRC’s merit review processes to inform continuous improvement and corporate and public-facing reporting. The report includes an overview of funding opportunities, featuring details on changes to the merit review processes and results of committee member surveys and observer reports.
The 2021-22 report builds on enhancements made in recent years, such as the inclusion of multi-year survey results, data on the disciplinary backgrounds of committee members, and visuals of success rate trends. In addition to providing early EDI data trends and a picture of committee member recruitment challenges, the report also provides feedback related to members’ experiences with adjudicating during the pandemic.
If you have any questions or should you wish to provide feedback on the report, please contact Andrew Wakefield, Director, Programs Planning and Operations at SSHRC.
- Digital Research Alliance of Canada
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- NSERC CREATE
- NFRF International Joint Initiative for Research on Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation
- Canada‑ASEAN Scholarships and Educational Exchanges for Development (SEED), 2023‑24
- New Frontiers in Research Fund: 2022 Horizon Global Platform Grant
- NSERC Alliance International
- Love Data Week 2023 with Dalhousie Libraries


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About the Mechanics’ Institute
Leongatha’s history is preserved and promoted by the Leongatha and District Historical Society through the museum in the Leongatha Mechanics’ Institute, in McCartin Street. The museum is open Thursday and Friday afternoons, between noon and 4pm.
The Leongatha Mechanics’ Institute was first opened on March 9th 1891. In June 1890 there was a meeting in Hayes Store, in Roughead St, to discuss the formation of a Mechanics’ Institute. A committee was formed and funds sought for the building which was to be erected on crown land. The building cost £475 and money was raised by having functions such as a “Bazaar and Fancy Fair”.
Many local organisations such as church groups, the Shire of Woorayl and the Crown Lands Department used the building when meeting and office facilities in the town were limited. By 1910 the Mechanics’ Institute Committee felt confident in the town and plans were drawn up for a new Mechanics’ Institute. Fully aware of the risk of fire in the town where most structures were made of wood, the committee instructed the architects to draw up plans for a concrete building comprising a library, members room and a billiard room to hold two full size billiard tables. It was also decided to have metal ceilings.
The external walls were made of concrete bricks and the interior walls of plaster of paris reinforced with river reeds. This unusual method of onstruction does not seem to have been used anywhere else in Victoria. The building was officially opened by local member J.E. Mackey MLA on March 26th, 1912. The original wooden building was destroyed by fire and the Memorial Hall was built on the site in 192526. We thank those early planners for the beautiful building we now have as the home of the historical society.

domain: history


It seems like the dual camera on a smartphone is nothing to be impressed about anymore, because smartphone manufacturers have been releasing smartphones with three or four rear camera lenses, and Nokia is even expected to release a smartphone with five rear camera lenses. But none of this compared to the latest patent by LG as the company recently filed a patent with USPTO (United States Patent and Trademark Office) for a smartphone with 16 camera lenses.
The patent was recently granted by USPTO on 20 November, and it shows 16 camera lenses on a curvature which will allow photo-taking on multiple perspectives. Though we’re not completely sure on how the whole thing works, apparently users can choose to either use one lens or multiple lens when they’re taking photos.
Besides that, the pictures taken (when using multiple lenses) can be combined, turning it into a moving picture. Users can choose to have different perspectives of the picture, and they can also replace certain parts of the picture with the pictures taken by other lenses. The patent also shows that pictures taken can be stitched together to form a bigger picture, and the patent suggests that there can be face-swapping feature.
The smartphone will also be equipped with a front camera, though it seems like there will be nothing special on that aspect. That aside, a mirror and a flash is also located at the rear of the smartphone, so users can use the 16 rear cameras to take selfies, with the mirror serving as a guide to ensure you’re in the right angle. However, there’s 16 lenses to help you take your selfies so what could go wrong, right?
Cameras aside, the patent also displayed two speakers on the smartphone, one on the front and one on the back which should be to create stereo speaker effect for the smartphone. It is still just a patent, so we cannot say for sure if an LG smartphone with 16 cameras will really be produced and even if it’s confirmed, it’ll probably take some time before it’s launched.


Have you learned about Tesla’s “sentry mode”? When sentry mode is enabled, it uses a few surrounding cameras to monitor activities happening in the vicinity of the car when left unattended; it records collisions, strikes, thefts/burglary, or any incidents that potentially damage the vehicles.
It sounds like a so simple function that every car should be able to have it; the reason why Tesla is the only auto brand that rolls out this type of safeguard use is -- power consumption. High definition cameras using advanced compression technologies on average consumes 0.5A from a 5V power supply; this is equal to a 2.5W power consumption. A 12V lead-acid car battery has a capacity of 40 to 60 Ampere-hour. If we convert its unit to energy capacity, it equals 0.48 to 0.72 kW-hour. Let’s say the allowable discharge is 10% of a battery maximum capacity; thus, with a continuously active camera, a normal car battery will be over discharged after 19-29 hours. Needless to say if 4 cameras are used to monitor the four directions of a car, it lasts only 4.8-7.2 hours, which is too short for monitoring.
Featuring different battery equipment, Tesla vehicles have a 50-100Kw-hour capacity. Under the same condition, monitoring by a camera can lasts 2000-4000 hours. Even using 4 cameras, it can be active up to 500-1000 hours -- about 20-40 days. No wonder Tesla or other electric vehicles (EV) which carry large battery capacity can come up with such a convenient function.
Are EVs the only option to go for if we really want this feature? Not exactly. The high power consumption problem can be solved by technology innovation -- radar sensors. Terasilic provides customers 24GHz radar AiM (antenna-in-module), which is the smallest 24GHz radar sensor with the lowest power consumption in the industry. It provides multi-targets detection and tracking within 10 meters range while consuming only less than 5mW. This equals to 0.2% of the power budget for an operating camera. With Terasilic’s latest radar sensors on dash cams or security camera systems, the cameras can be kept in sleep modes most of the time, and the recording can be activated immediately as soon as the radar sensor detects potential threats. In these radar-assisted camera monitoring systems, the average power consumption is significantly reduced. People driving gasoline cars therefore also enjoy the protection and convenience provided by continuous monitoring cameras like those installed in Tesla or other EVs.


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China: Fear of torture or ill-treatment/ fear of unfair trial:
Ye Mingjun, aged 25, son of imprisoned Beijing housing rights activist Ye Guozhu, was released on bail on 30 October 2007 after a month in detention. He remains under surveillance and has been told he should not speak to the media. Ye Guoqiang, aged 47, the brother of Ye Guozhu, continues to be detained incommunicado at an undisclosed location, and is at risk of torture or ill-treatment. Amnesty International is concerned for the safety of Ye Guoqiang, Ye Mingjun and Ye Guozhu.


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IGNIS VENTURE CAPITAL
PROVIDING VALUABLE RESOURCES FOR POTENTIAL PROJECTS TO GROW TOGETHER
As a leading crypto investment firm, IgnisVC provides the most efficient methods to approach into Blockchain and Cryptocurrency industry without hassle. Our exceptional professionals carefully select the potential projects among few hundreds, which makes us to get more privilege in the industry.
We have our affiliates and alliance in China, Thailand, Japan, UK, Australia, and Vanuatu. And with our partners, IgnisVC has invested and incubated over 150 projects since 2016. Our alliance consists of a group of well-known people, team, and institutions, who and which can bring an outstanding performance and resources to build powerful ecosystem both in project-wise and development wise.
IgnisVC is not just only the investment firm but working together with the projects for further growth by dedicating its valuable resources from experiences and networks. Without a doubt that the blockchain and cryptocurrency is changing the future of our living standards, IgnisVC promises that we will march pari passu with the industry growth.
We provide financial support for Blockchain projects with high-growth potentials on an appropriate scale and in an appropriate form, including initial equity investment and private placement investments in token currencies; we also make a broad range of resources available to startups to accelerate their growth.
CONSULTING & MARKETING
We draw upon our extensive investment experience in the Blockchain & Cryptocurrency industry to provide high-quality projects with professional consulting services, including technical framework assessment, token-currency economic system design, technical documentation writing and translation, media public relations, etc.
We collaborate closely with multiple influential Blockchain online & offline communities around the world. We can help enterprises build high-quality user communities which are self-driven and jointly governed.

domain: finance


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Expository Dictionary of Bible Words: Word Studies for Key English Bible Words Based on the Hebrew and Greek Texts
Stephen D. Renn
Hendrickson Publishers, Jul 1, 2005 - Religion - 1171 pages
Everyone who studies the Bible wishes at some point that he or she knew the original Hebrew or Greek in order to better understand a difficult word or passage. The"Expository Dictionary of Bible Words" gives readers the fruits of a working knowledge Hebrew and Greek without the years of language study.
The "Expository Dictionary of Bible Words" is more than just a handy and thorough alphabetical guide to the English translation of the Hebrew and Greek words used in both Testaments. There are thousands of articles, all arranged alphabetically by English word and coded to "Strong's "numbering system for ease of use. Each article is divided into two sections -- Old Testament (Hebrew) Words and New Testament (Greek) Words -- with an entry for the Hebrew or Greek word along with its transliteration, translation, range of meaning(s), and comments on its use in different biblical contexts. A comprehensive system of cross-references aids the reader in finding different words as well as discussions of related words and themes.
Although reference works like "Vine's" and "Englishman's "have long aided Christians in understanding the nuances of different biblical words, the "Expository Dictionary of Bible Words "surpasses all available reference works. The "Additional Notes" to articles throughout the volume provide valuable and insightful information on the connections between Old and New Testament words and themes.
What people are saying - Write a review
Excellent study toolUser Review - Pastor Scott Osenbaugh - Christianbook.com
While there are many such wordbooks available, this edition is perhaps one of the more "user-friendly" publications for those whose NT Greek expertise is either nonexistant or in its beginning stages ... Read full review
Excellent ResourceUser Review - Susan - Christianbook.com
This is an excellent book to refer to when you are studying your Bible word for word, and you want to know the Hebrew or Greek meaning for a particular word. When you look up your word, you'll find it ... Read full review


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Sean Parker (Illustrator) and Steve Goldberg (NY Nets Content Manager) discuss the horror genre; interviewing the amazing people who contribute to it and discussing our love for horror films, television and more!
In this episode, they talk about The Last Of Us, Infinity Pool, The Boogeyman, and the super secret stuff they have coming up.
Then, they’re joined by director David Prior. They discuss horrifying formative childhood memories, his Fincher featurettes, the video clerk to director pipeline, and more!
Some bodies are more than meet the eye, as seen in the “The Autopsy” installment of Guillermo del Toro’s Cabinet of Curiosities. Based on Michael Shea‘s short story of the same name, the episode sees a coroner brought in to do the autopsies of several miners who died when one of them set off an explosion with a mysterious object, only to learn of the surprising truth behind him.
F. Murray Abraham and Luke Roberts lead the cast of “The Autopsy“, which hails from The Empty Man writer-director David Prior. Primarily set in an isolated location, the episode is a chilling game of mental chess as Abraham’s Dr. Carl Winters grapples with the revelation of why the miners died, and how he may be next.
In anticipation of its premiere, Screen Rantspoke exclusively with director David Prior to discuss Guillermo del Toro’s Cabinet of Curiosities, his installment “The Autopsy,” his and del Toro’s shared love of reading, The Empty Man‘s mishandled release, and more.
[Editor’s Note: The following interview contains spoilers for “Guillermo Del Toro’s Cabinet of Curiosities” Episode 3, “The Autopsy.”]
A little while ago, director David Prior got an unexpected gift. A package showed up in the mail. Inside was a tiny figurine of a bearded man.
“I got it in the mail before I even knew what it was. I thought, ‘Oh, that’s nice. A little souvenir. Did Guillermo whittle this himself?’” Prior said. “I assumed it was Dr. Winters when I got it.”
Dr. Winters is the main character in “The Autopsy,” the episode of the Netflix series “Guillermo Del Toro’s Cabinet of Curiosities” that Prior directed. In this version of Michael Shea’s short story, adapted with the help of screenwriter David S. Goyer, Winters is called on to help an investigation into what local police believe is a tragic mining explosion. By the time he gets a chance to examine the bodies pulled from the wreckage, Winters discovers that something about those deaths wasn’t exactly natural.
But as Prior discovered when he watched the completed episode, the small statue was of him, not his protagonist. In each of the “Cabinet of Curiosities” installments, Del Toro continues in the tradition of past anthology hosts with a short introduction. Each ends with him tipping his hat to the director of the episode audiences are about to see, with their figurine likeness front and center.
That kind of onscreen salute is far from the support that Prior’s debut feature, “The Empty Man,” got when it was released almost exactly two years before. A victim of studio merger jockeying, a theatrical distribution model in chaos, and a whole host of marketing bungles, “The Empty Man” took a groundswell of devoted fan support to gradually reach the audience it deserved.
“The Autopsy” doesn’t have quite the immense and global scope of that debut feature, but the same meticulous, precise spirit of Prior’s visual storytelling comes through. It’s a detective story of a different kind, with Winters (played by F. Murray Abraham) bringing a key emotional match to the jargon-heavy work of his profession. What this doctor finds is beyond the anatomical puzzle he expected.
And it’s another story that marries the technical craft of unsettling audiences (split fingernails! corpses in bags covered in insects!) with heady thematic ideas about what life is worth and how to spend it. From the mine explosion set piece to the insert shot of whiskey splashing into a coffee mug, everything in “The Autopsy” serves a purpose. Prior spoke with IndieWire about the process of joining a horror playground in progress and adding another impressive tale to his own collection.
David Fincher: Mind Games is the definitive critical and visual survey of the Academy Award– and Golden Globe–nominated works of director David Fincher. From feature films Alien 3, Se7en, The Game, Fight Club, Panic Room, Zodiac, The Curious Case of Benjamin Button, The Social Network, The Girl With the Dragon Tattoo, Gone Girl, and Mank through his MTV clips for Madonna and the Rolling Stones and the Netflix series House of Cards and Mindhunter, each chapter weaves production history with original critical analysis, as well as with behind the scenes photography, still-frames, and original illustrations from Little White Lies‘ international team of artists and graphic designers. Mind Games also features interviews with Fincher’s frequent collaborators, including Jeff Cronenweth, Angus Wall, Laray Mayfield, Holt McCallany, Howard Shore and Erik Messerschmidt.
Grouping Fincher’s work around themes of procedure, imprisonment, paranoia, prestige and relationship dynamics, Mind Games is styled as an investigation into a filmmaker obsessed with investigation, and the design will shift to echo case files within a larger psychological profile.
There’s a specificity of intention to David Prior’s “The Empty Man” that eludes most studio horror projects. Inspired by the Boom Studios! comic (created by writer Cullen Bunn and artist Vanessa del Rey), Prior’s debut could have been a success story were the movie released under different circumstances. Inherited by Disney following the Fox merger, and dumped into theaters mid-pandemic, “The Empty Man” certainly wasn’t given the A24Ari Aster treatment, which is a shame, as Prior’s film would make an outstanding, grief-tinged double feature with “Midsommar” or “Hereditary,” though its shape is far more chimerically hypnotic.
Laying somewhere in the cosmic ether between David Fincher’s serial killer films, “Se7en” and “Zodiac,” Prior’s sepulchral vision slithers like a paranormal odyssey in the guise of a J-horror procedural a la Kiyoshi Kurasawa’s “Cure,” veteran character actor James Badge Dale aiding in making detective work look effortless through a mesmerizing lead performance. “We go looking for things we have lost… More than that, there is no such thing as loss,” a mysterious cult leader, played by Stephen Root, preaches
Audiences missed out on “The Empty Man,” but it’s deservedly found a devoted following. “If the price of making the movie I wanted to make meant getting abandoned by the studio and left to be picked up by passionate people who saw it on their own, that’s not a bad outcome.” Prior told us, “At least it’s the movie I wanted to make. It wasn’t some highly compromised, shortened, messed up version of that probably would have gotten more support from the studio but it would have vanished from everybody’s mind as soon as they saw it.”
Prior was later approached by David Fincher (for whom he used to direct documentaries) about a new film appreciation series, titled “Voir.” Scheduled to debut at AFI Fest this month, Netflix’s video essay project spotlights “passionate voices that love movies… highlighting the elements that get people excited about cinema.”
In a time when streaming services threaten to swallow up the theatrical experience, “Voir” is an essential look back at what makes film uniquely hypnotic. “Movies cornered the cultural conversation throughout the 20th century.” Prior told us. “It was the art form of the 20th century… [movies] don’t hold the same place in cultural thinking they used to and there’s a lot that’s important being lost.”
No great film deserves to be forgotten, and Prior is keenly aware platforms like Netflix now hold the keys to Hollywood’s kingdom, as “custodians to the cinematic experience.” “The Empty Man,” may not have mopped up box office dollars but revealed its director to be as impassioned and skilled a filmmaking scholar as David Fincher. We were fortunate to sit down for an extensive chat with him ahead of “Voir’s” upcoming premiere. Eerily, both his debut film and new Netflix series stemming from an obsession with “Jaws,” the legendary Steven Spielberg, a fervent supporter of his film appreciation project.
Over and again throughout The Empty Man, we see characters sitting in the lotus position, cross-legged and attentive, a pose connoting receptivity. It is in the migration of this mindset from snowy Bhutan to small-town Missouri, muled from East to West by the unlucky occidental tourist who doubles as its title character, that David Prior’s film locates both its celestial sense of scale and a fine-grained gestural specificity. After literally stumbling into a cliffside cavern—the first unexpected plunge in a movie whose characters constantly find themselves either on shaky ground or descending into a darkness of their own volition—Paul (Aaron Poole) becomes transfixed by a skeletal figure whose meditative posture he adopts, seemingly permanently and much to the bewilderment of his fellow backpackers. Dragged back to the surface, he has become a husk, limbs locked and rapidly atrophying, staring out at the world with eyes wide shut. It would seem that he’s been hollowed out. Or is he suddenly full up?
The old Zen proverb about the philosopher who tells his overzealous visitor to return to him with an empty cup—the better to receive the flow of wisdom—comes eerily to mind in the image of a hiker mutated into a hapless Buddha. The story lying beyond The Empty Man’s gorgeous anamorphic frames is also akin to a kind of koan: if a great cosmic horror movie gets (barely) released in the middle of a global pandemic, and nobody sees it, does it really exist?
Today, I’ve got the honor to post the interview I did to David Prior; who After being in charge of production video documentaries and have worked alongside nothing other than David Fincher, arrives with his horror film The Empty Man, making his directorial debut. The Empty Man is based on the Boom Graphic Novel called the same way. David, Tells us the unfortunate fate his movie went through all due bad management and bad luck to be in the middle of a transition between companies, addition to that, the company launched a misleading trailer, transforming the movie in another weird horror teenage movie, totally opposite of twist-thrilling horror film. The Empty Man is a top notch production with a great cast and crew team. The film got to us on October 23, 2020 in theaters and on Digital on January 12, 2021.
The director also shared with us the film creation process, the rocks he had to apart away from his path to get the film off the ground, his insights and learnings from all this exhausting but comforting filmmaking labor.
David Prior got his break directing DVD special features for such David Fincher films as “Zodiac” and “The Social Network.” He obviously drew on that work experience in writing and directing his debut horror feature film, “The Empty Man.”
“Any time you spent hanging around the set with David Fincher or Peter Weir or any number of the other people that I’ve been able to hang around the set with, it’s always going to be valuable,” Prior said.
“The Empty Man” focuses on an ex-detective named James Lasombra. James is grieving the deaths of his wife and son. He helps his friend Nora whose daughter has gone missing.
James’s investigation leads him to a sinister organization called The Pontifex Institute, which turns out to be a cult. The film stars James Badge Dale, and chameleon-like actor Stephen Root who delivers a great performance as the cult’s leader.
The movie also became embroiled in a mega media merger that delayed and botched its release. “The Empty Man” features an impending sense of dread and doom and themes of guilt, grief, the meaning of existence and mind control. Prior explains to WPR‘s “BETA” why he wanted to include such big ideas in his film.