text:
At our January 2001
meeting, Dr. Kane talked about the dangers of buying supplements that did not come from areas where fish are not contaminated due to mercury poisoning. She also warned against having your child eat
to much tuna fish for the same reason. Problem is, we do need the healthy fish oils, and most of our waters are polluted with mercury, which increases with the larger predatory fish, since they eat the smaller fish, who eat the smaller fish, etc.
Below is information from 20/20 TV, where they talked about mercury poisoning with medical and other authorities who spoke about a link between mercury poisoning and neurological conditions, including...language!
I've always said how powerful the media is, well 20/20 kept trying to contact the FDA, who declined comment, but yesterday, coincidently,
they published the information found below.
I would really like to thank Dr. Kane for raising awareness about this at our meeting to our group, but we
also need to really thank 20/20 for raising awareness to the world, and possibly making it a safer place for the babies
of the future. Lisa Geng
President CHERAB Foundation
Mothers-to-Be, Children Should Avoid Fish High in Mercury. Women who are or may become pregnant shouldn't eat shark, swordfish, king mackerel or tilefish because these fish may contain high levels of mercury that could harm unborn babies. FDA's advice extends to nursing mothers and young children, too...
FDA ANNOUNCES ADVISORY ON METHYL MERCURY IN FISH
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is announcing its advice to pregnant women and women of childbearing age who may become pregnant on the hazard of consuming certain kinds of fish that may contain high levels of methyl mercury. The FDA is advising these women not to eat shark, swordfish, king mackerel, and tilefish. As a matter of prudent public health advice, the FDA is also recommending that nursing mothers and young children not eat these fish as well.
Fish such as shark, swordfish, king mackerel, and tilefish contain high levels of a form of mercury called methyl mercury that may harm an unborn baby's developing nervous system. These long-lived, larger fish that feed on smaller fish accumulate the highest levels of methyl mercury and therefore pose the greatest risk to the unborn child. Mercury can occur naturally in the environment and it can be released into the air through industrial pollution and can get into both fresh and salt water.
The FDA advisory acknowledges that seafood can be an important part of a balanced diet for pregnant women and those of childbearing age who may become pregnant. FDA advises these women to select a variety of other kinds of fish -- including shellfish, canned fish, smaller ocean fish or farm-raised fish -- and that these women can safely eat 12 ounces per week of cooked fish. A typical serving size of fish is from 3 to 6 ounces.
The FDA's Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition will launch a comprehensive education program to reach pregnant women and women of childbearing age who may become pregnant and their health care providers concerning the hazard posed by methyl mercury to the unborn child. As one of its priorities for fiscal year 2001, the Center will also develop our overall public health strategy for future regulation of methyl mercury in commercial seafood.
Today, EPA is also issuing advice on possible mercury contamination to women and children eating fish caught by family and friends (non-commercial fish). EPA particularly recommends that consumers check with their state or local health department for any additional advice on the safety of fish from
nearby waters. Additional information is available on
EPA's Web site
20/20 went shopping for fresh fish in three major cities, not to eat, but to test for mercury.
Mercury in Fish
A 20/20 Investigation
Jan. 12 Pregnant women and women who may become pregnant should not eat shark, swordfish, king mackerel and tile fish because they could contain levels of mercury that could lead to brain damage in a developing fetus. The Food and Drug Administration said on Friday.
The advisory comes on the heels of an extensive report issued by the National Academy of Sciences which estimates that each year 60,000 children may be born in the United States with neurological problems as a result of exposure to methylmercury in the womb.
According to the NAS report, humans are exposed to methylmercury primarily through the consumption of contaminated fish, particularly large predatory fish species such as tuna, swordfish, shark and
The FDA rejected calls to put tuna on the do-not-eat list, stressing that swordfish and shark have far higher mercury levels than tuna. Vermont Sen. Patrick Leahy, who helped commission the NAS study, calls the FDA's announcement, "a step in the right direction," but the FDA's warning comes amid criticism that the agency has not been aggressive in informing the public about the risks of high-mercury fish.
In 1998 the FDA stopped testing fish for mercury and has relied on the fish industry to police itself. National Fisheries Institute president Dick Gutting says that, overall, the
industrys tests show that mercury is not a problem.
Last summer, 20/20 conducted its own tests. 20/20 bought 40 samples of fresh tuna, swordfish and shark in three major U.S. cities and sent the fish to Battelle Marine Science Labs, a facility that performs food tests for the FDA and the EPA.
20/20 discovered that while the tuna samples averaged well below the FDA limit of 1 part per million
(ppm), the shark and swordfish did not fare as well. Two out of four shark samples and 14 out of 18 swordfish samples had mercury levels greater than 1 part per million. Two of the swordfish samples tested had mercury levels triple the
When 20/20 presented its findings to Dick Gutting, he could not explain the results but said that
the fact that one particular meal is over one part per million is not
significant. Gutting stressed that the average level of mercury in commercially sold fish is well below the FDA limit. Both the fish industry and the FDA say that there is a ten-fold safety factor built in to the 1ppm limit.
But Dr. Jill Stein, of the Boston Physicians for Greater Responsibility, disagrees. She says that even one meal of swordfish with levels between 2 ppm and 3 ppm
could potentially harm the fetus at a critical point of brain development.
Both the fish industry and the FDA say that there is no evidence that people are eating enough of this high-mercury fish for it to be a problem. However, Dr. Jane Hightower of San Francisco, Calif., has several patients who eat large amounts of high-mercury fish in question and have blood-mercury levels as high as 15 times the normal level. Hightower says when her patients cut down on such fish, their blood-mercury level drops to normal level.
The Environmental Protection Agency added to the FDA's advisory on Friday saying that pregnant women who eat fish their family and friends catch should follow state warnings about fishing from waters with high mercury levels.
While Sen. Leahy has proposed legislation to further tighten restrictions on mercury emissions, the fishing industry worries that the public may overreact to new warnings.
Toxicological Effects of Methylmercury
The report from the National Academies of Science estimates that each year 60,000 children may be born in the United States with neurological problems as a result of exposure to methylmercury in the womb.
The National Fisheries Institute
The NFI represents the interests of the fishing industry before Congress and other regulatory agencies.
Americas Seafood: Fair or
Consumer Reports investigates fish in 6 U.S. cities for freshness, presence of mercury and bacteria.
Food and Drug Administration
FDAs consumer advisory on explains the risks of eating shark and swordfish for pregnant women and women of childbearing age.
In Harms Way
Dr. Jill Epstein of the Greater Boston Physicians for Social Responsibility co-authored the report which provides guidelines on how much fish to consume to stay within EPA and National Academy of Sciences safety limits.
The Mercury Policy Project
This Vermont-based non-profit organization promotes policies that reduce mercury emissions and
peoples exposure to mercury. Their report, The One That Got Away, criticizes
FDAs seafood monitoring program.
Even though many apraxic children do not have autism, I have to still do research at the autism sites for apraxia since there are very few (no) sites pertaining to medical research and
apraxia, other than the information we have with CHERAB Foundation, which is just forming. Here is some information I found at the autism research sites you may find of interest. Please notice the mercury vs. neurologically based language disorder part:
Autism: A Unique Type of Mercury
Even though autism is not apraxia, there are some
characteristics of Mercury Poisoning which also mirror apraxia.
These will be our speakers for our April 2001 meeting.
Table III: Summary of Speech, Language
...b. Language and Hearing
The third diagnostic criterion for autism is a qualitative impairment in communication
(APA, 1994), and such impairment is a primary feature of mercury poisoning.
Delayed language onset is often among the first overt signs of ASD (Eisenmajer et al, 1998). Historically, half of those with classic autism failed to develop meaningful speech
(Gillberg & Coleman, 1992; Prizant, 1996); and oral-motor deficits (e.g. chewing, swallowing) are often present
(Filipek et al, 1999). When speech develops, there may be "specific neuromotor speech disorders," including verbal
dyspraxia, a dysfunction in the ability to plan the coordinated movements to produce intelligible sequences of speech sounds, or
dysarthria, a weakness or lack of control of the oral musculature" leading to articulation problems
(Filipek et al, 1999). Echolalic speech and pronoun reversals are typically found in younger children. Many ASD subjects show poorer performance on tests of verbal IQ relative to performance IQ (Dawson, 1996; Filipek at al, 1999). Higher functioning individuals, such as those with Asperger's Syndrome, may have language fluency but still exhibit semantic (word meaning) and pragmatic (use of language to communicate) errors
(Filipek et al, 1999)...
In regard to language and auditory phenomena, autism's parallels to mercurialism are striking. Emerging signs of mercury poisoning are dysarthria (defective articulation in speech due to CNS dysfunction) and then auditory disturbance, leading to deafness in very high doses (Clarkson, 1992). In some cases, hearing impairment manifests as an inability to comprehend speech rather than an inability to hear sound (Dales, 1972). Hg poisoning can also result in aphasia, the inability to understand and/or physically express words
(Kark et al, 1971). Speech difficulties may arise from "intention tremor, which can be noticeable about the mouth, tongue, face, and head, as well as in the extremities" (Adams et al, 1983).
Mercury-exposed children especially show a marked difficulty with speech (Pierce et al, 1972; Snyder, 1972; Kark et al, 1971). Even children exposed prenatally to "safe" levels of methylmercury performed less well on standardized language tests than did unexposed controls
(Grandjean et al, 1998). Iraqi babies exposed prenatally either failed to develop language or presented with severe language deficits in childhood. They exhibited "exaggerated reaction" to sudden noise and some had reduced hearing
(Amin-Zaki, 1974 and 1979). Iraqi children who were postnatally poisoned from bread containing either methyl or ethylmercury developed articulation problems, from slow, slurred word production to the inability to generate meaningful speech. Most had impaired hearing and a few became deaf
(Amin-Zaki, 1978). In acrodynia, symptoms of sufferers (vs. controls) include noise sensitivity and hearing problems
(Farnesworth, 1997). ..
& Hearing Deficits in Autism & Mercury Poisoning
|Complete loss of speech in adults or children; failure to
develop speech in infants
||Delayed language onset; failure to develop speech
|Dysarthria; speech difficulties from intention tremor; slow and
||Dysarthria; dyspraxia and oral-motor planning difficulties;
|Aphasia, the inability to use or understand words, inability to
comprehend speech although ability to hear sound is intact
||Speech comprehension deficits, although ability to hear sound is
|Difficulties verbalizing; word retrieval problems
||Echolalia; pronoun reversals, word meaning and pragmatic errors;
limited speech production
|Auditory disturbance; difficulties differentiating voices in a
||Difficulties following conversational speech with background
|Hearing loss; deafness in very high doses
||Mild to profound hearing loss
|Poor performance on standardized language tests
||Poor performance on verbal IQ tests
c. Sensory Perception
Sensory impairment is considered by many researchers to be a defining characteristic of autism
(Gillberg and Coleman, 1992; Williams, 1996). Baranek (1999) detected sensory-motor problems - touch aversion, poor non-social visual attention, excessive mouthing of objects, and delayed response to name - in 9-12 month old infants later diagnosed with autism, and suggests that these impairments both underlie later social deficits and serve to differentiate ASD from mental retardation and typical controls. Besides sensitivity to sound, as previously noted, ASD often involves insensitivity to pain, even to a burning stove
(Gillberg & Coleman, 1992), while on the other hand there may be an overreaction to stimuli, so that even light to moderate touches are painful. Pinprick tests are usually normal. Children with autism have been described as "stiff to hold," and one of the earliest signs reported by mothers is an aversion to being touched
(Gillberg & Coleman, 1992). Abnormal sensation in the extremities and mouth are common. Toe-walking is frequently seen. Oral sensitivity often results in feeding difficulties
(Gillberg & Coleman, 1992, p.31). Autistic children frequently have vestibular impairments and difficulty orienting themselves in space
(Grandin, 1996; Ornitz, 1987).
As in ASD, sensory issues are reported in nearly all cases of mercury toxicity, and serve to demonstrate the similarities between the two conditions.
Paresthesia, or abnormal sensation, tingling, and numbness around the mouth and in the extremities, is the most common sensory disturbance in Hg poisoning, and is usually the first sign of toxicity
(Fagala and Wigg, 1992; Joselow et al, 1972; Matheson et al, 1980;
Amin-Zaki, 1979). In Japanese who ate contaminated fish, there was numbness in the extremities, face and tongue (Snyder, 1972; Tokuomi et al, 1982). Iraqi children who ate bread experienced sensory changes including numbness in the mouth, hands and feet, and a feeling that there were "ants crawling under the skin." These children could still feel a pinprick
(Amin-Zaki, 1978). Loss of position in space has also been noted (Dales, 1972). Acrodynia sufferers describe excessive pain when bumping limbs, numbness, and poor circulation
(Farnesworth, 1997). One adult acrodynia victim described himself as a boy as "shying away from people wanting to touch me" due to extreme touch sensitivity (Neville Recollection, Pink Disease Support Group). Iraqi babies exposed to mercury prenatally showed excessive crying, irritability, and exaggerated reaction to stimulation such as sudden noise or when touched
(Amin-Zaki et al, 1974 and 1979).
Many apraxic children, even those
without autism, also have sensory intergration issues.
Table IV: Summary of Sensory Abnormalities
in Mercury Poisoning & Autism
|Abnormal sensation or numbness around mouth and extremities (paresthesia);
||Abnormal sensation in mouth and extremities; excessive mouthing
of objects (infants); toe walking; difficulty grasping objects
|Excessive pain when bumping; abnormal touch sensations; touch
||Insensitivity or overreaction to pain and touch; touch aversion;
stiff to hold
|Loss of position in space
||Vestibular system abnormalities; difficulty orienting self in
|Normal pinprick tests
Normal pinprick tests
Albert Enayati, B.S., Ch.E., M.S.M.E.**
Lyn Redwood, R.N., M.S.N., C.R.N.P.
Woody McGinnis, M.D.
**Contact: (201) 444-7306
Copyright (c) 2000 by ARC Research
14 Commerce Drive
Cranford, NJ 07016
April 3, 2000
Revision of April 21, 2000
Autism is a syndrome characterized by impairments in social relatedness, language and communication, a need for routine and sameness, abnormal movements, and sensory dysfunction. Mercury (Hg) is a toxic metal that can exist as a pure element or in a variety of inorganic and organic forms and can cause immune, sensory, neurological, motor, and behavioral dysfunctions similar to traits defining or associated with autism.
Thimerosal, a preservative frequently added to childhood vaccines, has become a major source of Hg in human infants and toddlers. According to the FDA and the American Academy of Pediatricians, fully vaccinated children now receive, within their first two years, Hg levels that exceed safety limits established by the FDA and other supervisory agencies. A thorough review of medical literature and U.S. government data indicates
(i) that many and perhaps most cases of idiopathic autism, in which an extended period of developmental normalcy is followed by an emergence of symptoms, are induced by early exposure to Hg; (ii) that this type of autism represents a unique form of Hg poisoning
(HgP); (iii) that excessive Hg exposure from thimerosal in vaccine injections is an etiological mechanism for causing the traits of autism; (iv) that certain genetic and non-genetic factors establish a predisposition whereby thimerosal's adverse effects occur only in some children; and (v) that vaccinal Hg in thimerosal is causing a heretofore unrecognized mercurial syndrome.
A review of medical literature indicates that the characteristics of autism and of mercury poisoning
(HgP) are strikingly similar. Traits defining or associated with both disorders are summarized in Table A immediately following the Table of Contents and are discussed and cited in the body of this document. The parallels between the two diseases are so thorough as to suggest, based on total Hg injected into U.S. children, that many cases of autism are a form of mercury poisoning.
For these children, the exposure route is childhood vaccines, most of which contain
thimerosal, a preservative which is 49.6% ethylmercury by weight. The amount of mercury a typical child under two years receives from vaccinations equates to 237.5 micrograms, or 3.53 x 1017 molecules (353,000,000,000,000,000 molecules). Most such vaccinal Hg may not be excreted and instead migrates to the brain.
The total amount injected into infants and toddlers (i) is known to exceed Federal safety standards, (ii) is officially considered to be a
low level; whereby (iii) only a small percentage of exposed individuals exhibit symptoms of toxicity. In fact, children who develop Hg-related autism are likely to have had a predisposition derived from genetic and non-genetic factors.
Importantly, the timings of vaccinal Hg-exposure and its latency period coincide with the emergence of autistic-symptoms in specific children. Moreover, excessive mercury has been detected in urine, hair, and blood samples from autistic children; and parental reports, though limited at this date, indicate significant improvement in symptoms subsequent to heavy-metal chelation therapy.
The HgP phenotype is diverse and depends upon a number of factors - including type of Hg, route of entry into the body, rate and level of dose, individual genotype, and the age and immune status of the patient. Historically, variation among these factors has caused slightly different manifestations of
mercurialism; Mad Hatters disease, Minamata disease, acrodynia, and industrial exposures provide examples.
The pathology arising from the mercury-related variables involved in autism - intermittent bolus doses of ethylmercury injected into susceptible infants and toddlers - is heretofore undescribed in medical literature. Therefore, in accord with existing HgP data and
HgPs ability to induce virtually all the traits defining or associated with autism spectrum disorders, we hypothesize that many and perhaps most cases of autism represent a unique form of mercury poisoning.
This conclusion and its supporting data have important implications for the affected population of autistic individuals and their families, for other unexplained disorders with symptoms similar to those of heavy metal intoxication, for vaccine content, and for childhood vaccination programs. Due to its high potential for
neurotoxicity, thimerosal should be removed immediately from all vaccine products designated for infants and toddlers.
Mercury Contamination: A Critical Issue
New evidence substantiating a variety of health benefits of LCP
supplementation is being published month after month. Unfortunately,
at the same time, concerns have been raised about the possible
contamination of some fish that provide the critical fatty acids found in
Last month the FDA advised pregnant women and women of childbearing age
who may become pregnant (as well as nursing mothers and young children)
not to eat shark, swordfish, king mackerel and tilefish. These fish, said
the FDA, may contain high levels of a mercury called methyl mercury that
may harm an unborn baby's developing nervous system. Some experts on the
ABC television show 20/20 also advised against eating tuna, but the FDA
rejected calls to put tuna on the do-not-eat list stressing that swordfish
and shark have far higher levels of mercury.
As you're probably aware mackerel and tuna contain significant quantities
of the fatty acids DHA and EPA and are often the source of these nutrients
manufactured in fish oil capsules.
It is quite understandable that many parents giving such supplements to
help their children with ADHD, dyslexia and dyspraxia (or taking omega-3
for personal health reasons) should be alarmed by the contamination
reports. It is a serious issue and before making any recommendations it is
worth reviewing the history of the problem.
The Mad Cats of Minamata
The danger of mercury contamination was discovered in 1953 when fish,
contaminated with mercury, first drove cats mad and then killed and maimed
people in a fishing village in Minamata Bay, Japan.
Mercury is one of a group of substances called heavy metals. Other members
of the group include selenium, chromium, cadmium, manganese and lead. Some
of these heavy metals are essential in the diet (selenium, chromium and
manganese), but all of them are toxic when taken in excessive amounts.
There are three forms of mercury that are used by industrymetallic
mercury, organic mercury compounds and inorganic compounds. All forms of
mercury are poisons but some are less dangerous than others are. The
inorganic forms are the least dangerous and the organic forms (for
example, methyl mercury) the most dangerous. Unfortunately, when
industrial waste including inorganic mercury is discharged into rivers,
lakes and the sea, the sediments including microorganisms and animal life
convert it to the more toxic organic methyl mercury. This is what happened
in Minamata Bay and is happening in contaminated lakes, estuaries and
rivers worldwide today. And this is what concerns the FDA and the
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The greatest risk is from the fish
mentioned by the FDA because they are long-lived, larger fish that feed on
smaller fish and therefore accumulate the highest levels of methyl
mercury. These fish would be perfectly safe to eat if they lived in
uncontaminated waters. Much of the tuna that's caught lives in clean South
So, What Should You Do?
Unfortunately, the very groups of people advised not to eat king mackerel
and tuna are those with a great need for the fatty acids that these fish
containanyone likely to get pregnant, moms-to-be, nursing mothers
and young children. It is a great pity that the safety of these fish is in
question, but the advice must be heeded and only uncontaminated fish
consumed. The EPA has information on which places are contaminated and
where fish is safe to eat.
Most people, of course, now choose to obtain the vital fatty acids by
consuming fish oil supplements such as those mentioned in my book,
"The LCP Solution: The Remarkable Nutritional Treatment for ADHD,
Dyslexia and Dyspraxia." Reputable manufacturers of fish oil
supplements regularly monitor their products for heavy metal
contamination, so one way to get around the problem is to take a fish oil
supplement that is free from such contaminants.
How can you be sure? A large, reputable manufacturer is going to do
everything in its power to ensure that its products are not contaminated.
It is not worth its while running the commercial risk of putting such
products into the marketplace. But be an aggressive consumer! Contact the
manufacturer of your preferred fish oil supplement. Ask them directly if
their product contains mercury and if they screen every batch of fish oil
they use. If you obtain a quick response and an explanation of how they
monitor their product you can be reassured of its safety.
A Mother's Story
My thanks to Mary F. for sharing this story:
"Our son was born with a very rare type of brain tumor, a
hypothalamic hamartoma, that causes intractable seizures, is not
responsive to anti-convulsants, and can have profound effects on speech
and speech development. He was showing developmental delays from three
weeks after birth. The brain tumor was found when our son was eighteen
months old and began to have grand mal seizures. The few sounds that he
had gained by eighteen months were quickly lost as the seizures increased
in size and frequency. The brain tumor was removed when he was twenty-nine
months old. The seizure activity decreased and finally stopped eighteen
months after surgery.
"In September 1999, his speech therapist diagnosed him as having
developmental verbal apraxia. She tried in vain, using touch cues, to get
some of the basic consonant and vowel sounds from him. This proved
frustrating for all parties involved and would usually produce tantrums
and head banging episodes from him.
"In September 2000 our son got a new speech therapist. She started
using a program called "Apraxia for Preschool." For the first
two weeks he showed little progress. The third week of September, after
reading "The LCP Solution," we started giving him a DHA/EPA
supplement. Within one week we saw a huge improvement. Our son was more
focused and less irritable. He started to make new sounds and he started
to play with toys functionally-not just lining them up or sorting them
endlessly. Before our son started the supplement he only had about five
consonant sounds and three word approximations. After three months of
being on the DHA/EPA supplement, he can make all the long vowel sounds,
sixteen consonant sounds and is saying one, two and three word
combinations as clear words or word approximations. He still has a long
way to go, but this DHA/EPA supplement is nothing short of a miracle.
If you hear of any cases of children in the United States with a diagnosis
of hypothalamic hamartoma I would be happy to talk to their parents. I
know how deadly this type of tumor can be and how its removal in the U.S.
is not an option. We ended up at the Montreal Children's Hospital, which
has conducted six of these tumor removals-more than any other major center
in the world.
Your Questions Answered
Here is a selection of questions that I have received since the last
newsletter along with my answers.
Q My 12-year-old son who has dyslexia has been on Efalex for two weeks. He
takes two capsules in the morning and three in the evening. He says that
it is "helping him do his work." However, he has become quite
hyper. Is there an adaptation period and, if so, how long is it? Or should
he be switched to another formulation?
A. Please don't worry about your son becoming hyper on Efalex. It is very
unlikely that it will last for long. It is probably because he is now
finding certain tasks so much easier that he is able to do things at full
speed and is enjoying that. Give him lots of challenges and fun activities
and you will be happy at his new achievements.
Q. Thank you for your research and for helping a lot of people to a better
life. I'd like to know for how long it would be sensible to nurse your
child when your family has no previous history of ADHD, dyslexia or
dyspraxia. My sister has adopted three children from South Korea. The
oldest has pronunciation difficulties and voice problems. He is twenty
years old, clumsy and has problems with sentence syntax. He also has
milk-intolerance. Is Efalex worth a try?
A. For many reasons I would recommend nursing a child for at least six
months. It is fine to go on nursing even longer if that is what suits
mother and infant but obviously, other foods should also be introduced. It
is certainly worth trying Efalex in the young man with the problems you
describe. Please let me know how he gets on.
Q. What do you do if a child is severely allergic to fish? Does that
affect his ability to take fish oils? What replacements can be used?
A. I would not recommend fish oils for anyone with a fish allergy. You
could try supplementing with a vegetarian, micro algae product such as
Q. I love the web site! Thanks for taking the time to develop and maintain
it. My problem is that I can't get any of this stuff into my 5.6 -year-old
son. He can't swallow whole capsules or pills yet. What do you suggest?
A. It is really difficult to suggest new ways to deal with the problem you
face as the fish oil does confer its flavor to anything it is mixed with.
Some children will take it mixed with jelly or orange juice-but others
just won't. One mother told me that she mixed the capsules with stiffish,
pureed foods such as breakfast cereal or mashed potato. She found the
capsules were disguised and swallowed whole. It's worth a try! Try one
capsule surrounded by potato on a spoon. The other great motivators are
'bribery' or setting a challenge. Try a competition, for example: "I
bet you can't swallow this before me."
Q. Is LCP supplementation helpful for children with Down syndrome?
A. There have been anecdotal reports that omega-3 LCP supplements can help
people with Down syndrome, but no detailed studies have yet been
conducted. Dr. Tuomas Westermark in Finland has shown that taking plenty
of antioxidants can help Down syndrome. It is possible that a combination
of antioxidants and LCPs would be even better-but the research has just
not been done.
Q. We have seen dramatic improvements in our daughter since we began
supplementation eight weeks ago. However, I've heard that EPA can stunt
growth in children. Is there any truth to this?
A. There is little evidence that EPA stunts growth in children. It was
noted in studies of infants (fed on milk) who were not supplemented with
omega-6 LCPs, as well as omega-3 LCPs, that grow was slower. As we explain
in our book, "The LCP Solution," the modern diet contains
relatively much more omega-6 than is desirable, so it is very unlikely
that growth would be stunted by anyone taking a fish oil supplement.
Q. I am very thankful to you for writing your awesome book. Does the LCP
diet help autistic children?
A. We do not yet know whether LCP supplementation helps autistic children.
There is a little evidence that it might, particularly those with
Dr. Jackie Stordy and Malcolm Nicholl
Late Talker vs. Apraxia?
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domain: health


Floods leave hundreds of thousands homeless in Kenya
72 killed, 33 injured across Kenya since March as result of floods, UN says
By Andrew Wasike and Magdalene Mukami
Hundreds of thousands of people across Kenya, especially those settled close to Tana River in the northern part, were displaced by heavy floods in the country.
According to Red Cross officials, the elderly, women and children are the most affected as their flimsy houses are either swept away or left waist-deep in water.
Joshua Chepchieng, the commissioner of northern Kenya’s Garissa county, told Anadolu Agency that the government is making efforts to prevent casualties.
Thousands, mostly farmers, are seeking shelter in camps erected across northern Kenya, the Red Cross said and added that food and clean water is “scarce” and access to toilets is “limited”.
In an update, the Red Cross termed the situation as a “ticking timebomb” as thousands of people are at risk of waterborne diseases.
Hassan Mohammed, a teacher in Garissa town, told Anadolu Agency: "I live in the town but my farm is near the river, I have lost hectares of mature maize to the floods, some of my goats were also swept away."
According to a recent flood update by the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA), the floods have displaced more than 211,000 people and reportedly killed 72 people and injured 33 across Kenya since March 2018.
OCHA said the floods have disrupted livelihoods, with at least 8,450 acres of farmland submerged in water and more than 6,000 livestock killed.
The floods have destroyed houses and damaged infrastructure, such as roads and health facilities, it added.
Later in the day, a team comprising of the Garissa member then Kenyan parliament and leader of the majority Aden Duale, who along with government and Red Cross officials went to deliver humanitarian assistance to thousands of Garissa residents on Friday, vowed to sue Kenya's leading electric power generation company, which he considers as responsible for the flooding.
In a statement, Aden Duale said: "The flooding is as a result of Kengen hydro [electric] dams releasing excess water downstream causing death and destruction to farms and properties including schools. We shall take legal action against Kengen and sue it over 5 billion [roughly $50 million] for damages."Anadolu Agency website contains only a portion of the news stories offered to subscribers in the AA News Broadcasting System (HAS), and in summarized form. Please contact us for subscription options.


text:
A Reading of Alexander Motyl's Fall River Through the Lenses of Bordermemories
This paper examines the concepts of borderlands, borderscapes, and bordermemories as cultural discursive practices that have been extensively presented and analyzed in an increasing number of theoretical works in Border Studies. Contemporary American Ukrainian writers have made attempts to introduce their hybrid experience and include it into American culture. One of them is Alexander J. Motyl, whose novel Fall River (2014) is analyzed as an example of border writing. The novel is based on the author’s narrative memory, rooted in his mother’s stories about Ukraine and their family members’ crossings of borders in the interwar period and belonging to two cultures, Ukrainian and American, that shaped their identities.
borderscape, borderland, border zones, memories, American Ukrainian national minority, article
Ostapchuk T. A Reading of Alexander Motyl's Fall River Through the Lenses of Bordermemories / Tetiana Ostapchuk // Kyiv-Mohyla Humanities Journal. - 2018. - No. 5 : Cross-Cultural Connections and Displacement in Ukraine and Beyond. - P. 83-95.

domain: library


Design firms are finding B Corporation certification a valuable way to show others they are socially conscious.Read More »
The Structural Engineers Association of Oregon has released the names of the winning projects in the 2017 SEAO Excellence in Structural Engineering awards competition.
Tagged with: andersen construction David Bissett Architect emerick construction Equilibrium Engineers Hacker Hoffman Construction Kengo Kuma & Associates Korsmo Construction Lundin Cole Architects Nishkian Dean osu Perlo Construction Pivot Architecture Tapani Inc. VLMK Engineering + Design Waterleaf Architecture WDY Inc. YBA ArchitectsRead More »
Most of the displays for the upcoming Portland Winter Light Festival will be set up at the traditional site near the Oregon Museum of Science and Industry (OMSI), but others will be scattered among three other locations.Read More »
The Portland Design Commission gave its first impressions of the proposed $50 million, 4,000-seat expansion of city-owned Providence Park during a design advice hearing on Thursday.Read More »
Plans to carve out a new plaza on the Lloyd Center side that faces Northeast Multnomah Street still need tweaking, according to the Portland Design Commission.Read More »


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Tír na nÓg is one of the names for a mysterious realm that An Tuatha Dé Danann fled to after the Milesian invasion. While many of them decided to go underground in the mounds and hills of Ireland, others moved to the island-dwelling of Tír na nÓg or ‘The land eternal youth’.
Other names for this otherworld include Tír Tairngire (Land of Promise/Promised Land), Tír fo Thuinn (Land under the Wave), Mag Mell (Plain of Delight/Delightful Plain), and Hy Brasil.
Interestingly, Hy Brasil appears on many ancient maps and the mysterious island has been written about for centuries, so perhaps Tír na nÓg really does exist!!
Tír na nÓg has been depicted as an island paradise and a place of everlasting youth, beauty, health, abundance and joy. The islanders engage in dancing, poetry, music, entertainment and feasting on the abundance of fruit and vegetables that grow on the island. Access to Tír na nÓg is said to be achieved by journeying through a mist, by going underwater, or by travelling across the sea on an enchanted boat or horse. The path across the sea is the linear reflection of the sun shining on the Atlantic Ocean off the west coast of Ireland.
Tír na nÓg has been described as a beautiful place with a forested wilderness and a flowery meadow. There is a well or fountain known as ‘The Fountain of Youth’ which grants immortality to all who drink from it. It is found near a grove of trees with white flowers on every branch, and the air is heavy with the sweetness of their scent. The island is said to have scenic mountains, rivers and crystal-clear lakes filled with salmon. Typically, an enormous tree lies at the centre of the island with birds singing beautiful melodies in its branches.
In some tales, there’s a magnificent palace at its centre with towns and fortresses made of precious metals. In other stories, there is a multicoloured flowery plain full of birds and bees. Some tales describe the presence of large rabbits!
The best-known tale about Tír na nÓg is the story of the young Irish warrior Oisín, son of the legendary Fionn MacCumhaill. Oisín fell in love with the flame-haired maiden, Niamh, whose father was the King of Tír na nÓg, They crossed the sea together on Niamh’s white mare to reach the magical land, where they lived happily for three hundred years. As there is no time or time moves much slower in Tír an nÓg than in the mortal realm, Oisín thought he was only away for a few years.
Despite the eternal joy of Tír na nÓg, there was a part of Oisín that missed his homeland. He occasionally felt a strange longing to return to Ireland. Finally, Niamh knew she could hold him back no longer and sent him back to Ireland but warned him not to set foot on the ground under any circumstances. He promised her he would stay on his horse and return to her as soon as he saw his people.
Oisín travelled back to his home on the magical white mare, but when he arrived, he found that all of his friends and family were long dead, and his castle was in ruins. After all, he had been gone for three hundred years. Oisín turned the mare back towards the west to go back to Tír na nÓg. On the way, Oisín thought that if he carried a rock back to Tír na nÓg, it would be like taking a piece of Ireland back with him.
As he leaned down to pick one up, he fell off the horse and onto the ground. He instantly aged three hundred years, turned to dust and died. Other versions of the story say that Oisín stopped to help three men that were struggling to move a large boulder. He stooped down to help them and fell off the horse. He immediately withered and died before their eyes. It is said that Niamh waits for him on the shores of Tír na nÓg to this day.

domain: geography


Gender in Chinese Music
Üye Girişi yapın, temin süresi ve fiyatını size bildirelim.
Üye Girişi yapın, sizi bu ürün stoklarımıza girdiğinde bilgilendirelim.
Temin süremiz 65 - 45 iş günü
Yayıncı University of Rochester Press ( 10 / 2013 ) ISBN 9781580464437 | Ciltli | 15,49x23,11x2,54 cm. | İngilizce | 316 Sayfa | Türler Müzik
Village ritualists, international classical pianists, pop idols, and professional mourners -- whether they perform in temples, on concert stages, or in TV shows, Chinese musicians continually express and negotiate their gendered identities. Gender in Chinese Music brings together contributions from ethnomusicologists, anthropologists, and literary scholars to explore how gender is not only manifested in the diverse musical traditions of Chinese culture but also constructed through performing and observing these traditions. Individual chapters examine unique music cultures ranging from those of courting couples in China's heartlands to ethnic minority singers in the borderlands, and from Ming-period courtesans to contemporary karaoke hostesses. The book also features interviews with musicians, music industry workers, and fans talking about gender. With its wide-ranging subject matter and interdisciplinary approach, this volume will be an important resource for researchers and students interested in how music is implicated in the changing notions of masculinity, femininity, and genders "in between." Contributors: Ruard Absaroka, Rachel Harris, Stephen Jones, Frank Kouwenhoven, Olivia Kraef, Joseph Lam, Rowan Pease, Antoinet Schimmelpenninck, Hwee-San Tan, Shzr Ee Tan, Xiao Mei, Judith Zeitlin, Tiantian Zheng. Rachel Harris is a senior lecturer in ethnomusicology at SOAS, University of London. Rowan Pease is a senior teaching fellow at SOAS, University of London. Shzr Ee Tan is a lecturer in music at Royal Holloway, University of London.


Oklahoma's most popular first and last names
Paul Ryan was born in Janesville, Wis., in 1970. He is the youngest child of Paul and Elizabeth Ryan.
Here is a closer look at Mitt Romney's vice presidential pick Wisconsin congressman Paul Ryan.
As the St. Louis suburb of Ferguson calmed early Friday after nights of protests over the fatal shooting of an unarmed black teen, the question remains: Where's the police officer who pulled the trigger?


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WIN a meal for two at Media City's newest hangout, Story Rooftop Lounge
Dubai’s newest nightspot and Media City hangout, Story Rooftop Lounge, has teamed up with What’s On Dubai to offer up two lucky fans the chance to win a meal for two!
Story Rooftop Lounge launched in Dubai back in October and is taking the bar scene back to basics with a real, down-to-earth offering combining stunning views of the city, exhilarating sounds and a delicious sharing menu that boasts an explosion of Peruvian flavours. Situated in the Media City Area behind Zayed University, Story Rooftop Lounge is open 7-days a week from 5pm–3am, making it the ideal sunset or after dark hangout.
Appealing to those with a more rebellious approach to life, the venue is real, eclectic and aims to contradict the ‘bling bling’ of Dubai. Story Rooftop Lounge is a vibrant nightspot for art, music and food lovers alike and is focused on pure quality throughout – from its world-class chef and award-winning mixologists, through to the bespoke art throughout the venue, Funktion One sound system and the best local and international house DJs.
The venue has an extensive rooftop lounge area that showcases sunset views of the Burj Al Arab and The Palm Jumeirah, which can be enjoyed while taking full advantage of its delicious Peruvian food, extensive drinks menu and variety of shisha. Moving indoors, unique illustrations by award-winning artist Fernando Elvira adorn the walls and bar bringing a colourful and alternative environment to the venue’s interior.
All you have to do to be in with a chance of winning is enter your details below before 6pm on December 19. It’s that simple. Usual terms and conditions apply.

domain: artistic


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A STAGGERING 128 players took to the oche for the first round of the 2010 Teesside Ranking Events season to confirm that darts in the area is booming.
Players travelled from York, Thirsk, County Durham, Tyne and Wear and Whitby, as well as from all over Teesside, to set up the most eagerly-anticipated event series since it commenced in 2008.
But the numerous new faces could not prevent the most successful ranking player of the last two years from taking the honours as Glen Durrant claimed victory at North Ormesby Workingmen’s Club.
Fresh from winning the big New Year competition at Lazenby, last year’s Grand Final runner-up Durrant beat Glenn Moody 4-2 to bank Teesside Open victory and the £350 prize.
Durrant had gained some revenge for his Grand Final defeat to Peter Searle by whitewashing the out-of-sorts Grangetown right-hander in the semi-finals, after ending Mark O’Hagan’s fine run in the quarter-finals.
Moody beat Durham’s Dave Dodds, Dave Smurthwaite and 2010 Lakeside World Championship qualifier Dave Prins in a deciding leg on his way to the final.
The methodical Acklam player opened up a 2-1 lead against Durrant, but the Ormesby ace hit back by breaking throw in 12 darts and sewed up the match by finishing on his favourite double 16.
Tony Eccles, the former teetotaller who has taken up pre-match drinking in a bid to rejuvenate his tungsten fortunes, lost to PDC colleague John Quantock in the earlier stages, which were notable for some solid displays from the newcomers.
Ian Turner from North Ormesby Institute surprisingly beat the consistent Collin Foxton at his home club.
Richard Cowley, Anth Morrison, Fluff Evans, James Profitt and Stuart Lamb, along with Anth Doyle and Den Devine, also showed they could be names to look out for on the thriving Teesside scene in 2010.
Teesside Ranking Events continue with the Whale Hill Open at Whale Hill Social Club on Saturday, February 6. Doors open at 10.30am.

domain: sports


text:
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When Lord Alec Carstairs returns from the Peninsular Wars, hailed as a hero in the midst of the London Season, only Annabelle Layton knows the sort of man that he really is, that the honor everyone praises is illusory.
They’d been close friends once, before a passionate kiss changed everything. But if she’d secretly loved him, those feelings had died one bright summer morning, when a reckless wager left Annabelle with terrifying injuries. Alec had abandoned her without a backwards glance.
Hardly the actions of a hero.
But Alec has never forgotten her, despite his vow to stay away. There is more to that long-ago day than Annabelle knows, and shocking lies have distorted the past. Can he uncover its painful truths, and still keep his distance from the stunning beauty? Can he deny his forbidden desire, even as it flares again between them, hotter than ever?
As a fan of the Regency period I was immediately drawn to this story and the masterful storytelling by its debut author. Ms. LeMense has crafted an engaging and emotional story full of dramatic twists and turns courtesy of a truly dastardly villain and manipulative and overbearing parents. Readers get a vivid depiction of this era and its devotion to proper behavior as well as a realistic and sensitive handling of issues such as the psychological aftermath of war, disability, and mental illness to further pull you into the story. Add in a multifaceted hero and heroine and a slew of memorable secondary characters and you end up with a delightful work of art.
Annabelle isn't your typical heroine in that she's spunky and not afraid to speak her mind. She's been in love with Alec since they were young and has tried to get him to see her as more than a child. He's been purposely staying away though after catching her frolicking in a fountain. With her brother Gareth's upcoming birthday she sets out to show Alec the woman she's become, but things go horribly awry leaving her gravely injured and Alec's honor sending him to war with a guilty heart caused by her bitter mother and Gareth's despicable and manipulative friend Digby. Annabelle is merely a pawn through all this, believing the lies her mother tells her at the hands of Digby who desires her and seeks to bring her brother to ruin. These events lead her to harden her heart and not wanting to reunite with Alec once he returns, but fate and her Aunt Sophia have other plans with Annabelle's debut into society hinging on his help. Annabelle is an admirable heroine put through the emotional wringer who has come out of it stronger if slightly disillusioned. With Aunt Sophia pushing her to embrace her wild side once again will she finally get the man she's always wanted or will past hurts and his honor continue to keep them apart?
Alec has had honor and obligation drummed into him since he was a child by a rather cold and calculating father. His father's plans for him definitely don't include Annabelle or her lazy and silly brother Gareth but her heartfelt letter about their weakening friendship have him attending Gareth's birthday party where events throw his life into complete disarray. Just as he started seeing Annabelle as someone important to him he's pulled away from her by a promise to her mother that destroys their relationship before it barely began. Alec is a quiet man who lets his actions do the talking. He lets honor override common sense sometimes which creates a lot of unnecessary emotional conflict between him and Annabelle but I still found myself drawn to him as he always tried to do the right thing, as he saw it, with the outcomes not always successful. His interactions with Annabelle were full of sexual tension as he started seeing her as a grown-up on the market for a husband. He may not always be the perfect hero but he tried and considering the importance his father placed on appearances he showed his affection the best he could though it was oftentimes subtle.
As truths are slowly revealed and past hurts worked through these two reconnect as adults in a romance that is sweetly sensual and bittersweet for all the time wasted even as the journey continues to be rocky. Their interactions were full of witty banter and teeming with sexual tension that left me rooting for them though. Along with a strong main couple there were a few secondary characters that stood out as well, particularly Aunt Sophia and Frederick and Jane. I loved Aunt Sophia for her outspokenness and her subtle (and not so subtle) macinations in getting Annabelle and Alec together. She was a breath of fresh air after a dark period for Annabelle. Jane and Frederick were memorable in how their infirmities were dealt with which was refreshing and unexpected to see in a Regency read and added to an already engaging story. Alec and Annabelle's HEA was a hard fought one but immensely satisfying. Once the final page was turned I was left very impressed by Ms. LeMense's talent and am looking forward to her next book!
My rating for this is an A.
*I received this book from the author for review in exchange for my honest opinion.


Distinguishing Features - Length: 19.5 cm long; colouration: upperparts, dark steel-blue; forehead, throat and mid-breast, chestnut; balance of underparts, pale cinnamon; tail, deeply-forked. Female duller with shorter tail.
Breeds from north-central Alaska southwestward throughout Canada's boreal region; also below the tree line in Scandinavia and most of Eurasia southward; forages in open terrain, usually near water; marshes; builds mud nests in buildings, under bridges and overhanging cliffs.
Mostly flying insects caught on the wing.
Barn Swallows derive their name from their habit of often constructing nests in barns and other buildings, which are then lined with grass and feathers for nesting.
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Peach and apple are two important products in the Mediterranean fruit sector. The aim of this work is to analyse environmentally the entire life cycle stages of Mediterranean fruit production, from cradle to grave, considering agricultural, retail, consumption and disposal stages, using a multiyear approach with data from ten years of real production. The results of the study show that, for both fruits, the agricultural stage presents the highest contribution in 13 environmental impact categories, whereas the retail stage makes the highest contribution in 5 impact categories, and the consumption stage has the lowest values in all impact categories. The results related to the carbon footprint calculation show that the retail stage makes a contribution of 39%, the agricultural stage 36%, consumption 23% and disposal 2%. The study also quantified the emissions related to fruit losses during the different stages of the fruit production cycle. Results reveal that the total loss-related emissions are above 10%. This study contributes to completing the fruit LCA literature and provides new environmental information for fruit analysis, introducing the retail, consumption and disposal stages, in order to have a life cycle approach to detect the fruit production hot spots, and to obtain a multiyear perspective analysis to avoid the variability of results related to annual yield and climatic conditions.
Read the study: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959652617303165
If you like to read more about future strategies for fresh produce please click here to subscribe to THE FRUIT WORLD magazine
If you like to know more about the publication, readers, distribution and advertising options click here.
If you like to advertise in THE FRUIT WORLD click here.
If you like to order the FRUIT WORLD MAP click here.

domain: literature


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Take a journey through the breathtaking trails of Himachal Pradesh and witness the beauty of the Himalayan Lake on the trek to Rani Sui Lake. Take a break away from the pollution and hustle bustle of the city and spend the weekend amidst the alluring mountains of Himachal Pradesh. With many trekking options, Manali servers as the base camp for many majestic treks in the Himalayas. Traverse the beautiful and untouched meadows of this valley and get marvellous view of Manaslu Glacier, Dhauladhar and Pir Panjal Ranges including Hanuman Tibba, Deo Tibba and Rohtang Pass.
Our trek starts from Manali, a beautiful hill station encircled by snow-capped mountains and dense lush forest. We will stay in Old Manali, that has still maintained its charm and it is one of the best places to stay in Manali. Explore the town and spend some time by Beas River for an unforgettable experience. Our next stop will be Lama Dugh, a plateau studded with vibrant and lush alpine flowers. The very next day we will trek up to the enchanting Rani Sui, a fairly moderate trek which is on the way to Kalihani Pass and Bara Bhangal. With the changing landscapes of mountains and meadows, Rani Sui trek is a photographer’s paradise. As we descend the next day, we will trek through steep ridge below Khanpari Tibba. Admire the beautiful view of the whole upper Kullu and Manali situated perfectly by Beas River. After spending a night at Duddu Thatch which offers a 360 degree view of the entire Pir Panjal and Dhauladhar Ranges, we will descend down to Manali.
There is nothing better than an adventurous weekend, so plan it now and go for the Rani Sui Lake Trek in the Himalayas!
Explore other Popular Treks near Manali
Day 1 - Manali – Lama Dugh (8 km | 4-5 hours | 9898 feet)
You will start by arriving at the starting point of the Lamadugh Trek and begin walking uphill. On the way to the top, you will get some mesmerizing views of the mountains of Indrasan, Deo Tibba and peaks of Bara Shigri Glacier. On the last climb, you will be crossing a ridge which finally lets you into the High Altitude Meadow. Stay overnight in tents.
Day 2 - Lama Dugh – Rani Sui Lake – Duddu Thatch (11 km | 8-9 hours | 11154 feet)
After an early breakfast prepared by your guide, you will start the walk for the day, which starts to get steeper after about a km.
After a few hours, you will arrive at the Rani Sui Lake, from where you get amazing views of the Pir Panjal and Dhauladhar Ranges.
Spend some time here before descending down to Duddu Thatch through meadows and forests of pine, maple, horse chestnut, and walnut. Stay overnight at tents.
Day 3 - Duddu Thatch – Khaniyal – Manali (3 km)
The descent to Manali today will take you through forests of pine to finally arrive at Khaniyal. This where the experience will come to an end.
Grade: Easy to Moderate
Maximum Altitude: 11154 feet
Note: Minimum 4 passengers are required to operate the trek
Be the first to share your experience with us. Send your feedback at email@example.com

domain: travel


text: Animal lovers unite and join with this author to discover together the magnificent breed of dogs called the Alaskan Malamute. Enjoy this series of delightful stories, mostly set in Hawaii, about seven Malamute dogs. Get to know them from puppyhood through old age. Learn about the joys, trials and tribulations of raising these powerful, intelligent dogs in a tropical environment. Learn about the natural beauty of the Hawaiian Islands. Walk with them in the mountains. Stay dry while the dogs take a dip in a cool mountain ditch. Smell the moist, fragrant air. This book is a unique opportunity with a different perspective, as the author and her family get to know the do's and don'ts of raising Alaskan Malamutes in the warmth of the tropics. Learn the distinct likes and dislikes of each dog. Read these stories and fall in love with each of the dogs. Get to know the Alaskan Malamute, a breed close to the wolf, with an inherent natural intelligence, physical strength and stunning beauty that is sure to move you.


text:
Meet the Takumis: HAND FOLDED CRAFTSMANSHIP
FEATURED IN SELECTED GRADES OF THE ALL-NEW LEXUS LS ARE HAND PLEATED DOOR TRIMS INSPIRED BY THE QUINTESSENTIAL JAPANESE ART OF ORIGAMI. THESE FABRIC PANELS ARE CRAFTED IN A SMALL STUDIO IN THE HISTORICAL CITY OF KYOTO, HEADED BY AN EXTRAORDINARY TAKUMI CRAFTSPERSON.
Hand Pleating is the fabric counterpart to Origami, the ancient Japanese art of paper folding. From a single piece of cloth, hand pleating crafts a design expressing patterns formed by light and shadow. At her studio, the Sankyo Co., Ltd.’s Yuko Shimizu designs and pleats fine fabrics for curtains, fashion apparel and wedding dresses, the latter being a specialty of hers. She draws daily inspiration from the nature around her, “The sky above, the movement of cloud and the river,” she says, “For example, outside our Kyoto studio is a river, its low waters flowing over the pebbles to reveal patterns that influence my designs.” Sankyo was originally a supplier of pleat-making machinery, and in the decades that followed, Shimizu constantly learned and improved the art of hand pleating from the craftspeople she encountered.
With that hunger to continue learning more from many different sources, it is no surprise that Shimizu differentiates from her peers with out-of-the-box thinking that helps create solutions to unexpected obstacles, a very necessary approach to the particular challenges this initiative provided.
Shimizu’s craft came to the attention of textile manufacturer, Seiren Co., Ltd. Shimizu applied her wedding dress pleating expertise to a fabric sample provided by Seiren. Her work fulfilled Lexus’ desire to imbue the LS model with a feeling of timeless Japanese craftsmanship, resulting in a three-way collaboration to develop the pleated door trim.
A NEW CHALLENGE
The fabric provided by Seiren to be folded into the pleated panels is luxuriant yet hard-wearing – it’s also significantly thicker and heavier than those Shimizu normally pleats. The challenge facing Sankyo was delivering finished panels that both reflect the elegance and craftsmanship of the LS while still being able to withstand the rugged nature of a passenger vehicle interior – climactic variances, dust and human use elements amongst others.
Shimizu’s unorthodox approach made that balance possible. “To answer this challenge, we brought a whole new way of thinking and completely overhauled our work processes.” Shimizu said. She doubled her team’s size to six artisans, dividing the twenty processes in the development between them. The completion of a single pleated panel is a culmination of an undivided three-day effort.
While pleating at Sankyo is customarily carried out by a single Takumi, transforming this more durable fabric into pleated panels necessitated an extra Takumi, both folding the pleats in synchronicity. That innovation was followed by another as Shimizu introduced new techniques to achieve a shine that changes as the angle of light does, and incorporate a graduating fold size in the pleats. As daylight or door trim illumination falls across them, one realizes this interplay of light and shadow forms three-dimensional patterns along the door panel, each fold expressing the Lexus “L” motif.
A VISION FULFILLED
While all are regular company employees, Shimizu’s team collaborate closely, in the manner of a family. Their combined energies, effort and skill have been poured into the hand-finished pleated fabrics. More than a mere product, she hopes occupants in the LS will experience her philosophy of luxury, “We really put a lot of energy into crafting something beautiful that also radiates warmth for passengers to feel comfortable and relaxed.”

domain: design


text:
Recipe by happybella
From The Complete Book of Raw Food. This recipe was submitted by Rose Lee Calabro. I had this for my breakfast today (day 3 of going raw) with a glass of fresh almond milk. Prep time is an estimate and cook time is actually dehdrator time. http://bellaraw.blogspot.com/
Top Review by 4-H Mom
I made this, it's a different texture than what I am use to. I liked it. My family ate it, but didnt really care for it. I will probably make it again for me and some of my friends who really liked it. Thanks for the recipe.
- 2 cups golden flax seeds
- 1 cup almonds, soaked for 12-48 hours
- 1 cup raisins, soaked 4-6 hours (I forgot to soak mine and it still came out okay)
- 2 apples, grated (I was lazy and just chopped mine into little tiny pieces)
- 1 teaspoon vanilla
- 1 tablespoon cinnamon (I suggest adding a lot more if you like the taste of cinnamon)
- 1 teaspoon celtic sea salt
Directions See How It's Made
- Grind flax seeds in a blender or coffee grinder (do not over grind them--the thicker the mixture, the better the bread).
- Process almonds to a meal in the blender.
- Process the raisins in a blender until smooth, adding some of the raisin soak water to blend.
- Combine the flax, almonds, and raisins in a mixing bowl, then add grated apples, vanilla, cinnamon, and salt. Mix well.
- Form into 3 loaves about 4 by 8 by 1 inch and dehydrate at 105 degrees for 12 to 14 hours.

domain: food


text:
One of the UK’s largest solar investors believes up to 2GW of the UK’s 12GW of solar generation will change hands in the next 12-18 months.
The Foresight Group currently owns some 900MW of large-scale solar capacity, most of it in the UK.
At the end of June, it completed the acquisition of the 72MW Shotwick solar farm the 50MW Sandridge scheme. The firm is keen to add to its portfolio and outlined significant activity in the UK’s secondary solar market over the next year.
Posting half year results, the company said it was reviewing a pipeline of 500MW of potential investment and that it “expects that between 1 and 2GW of projects will be sold in the secondary market in the coming 12-18 months”.
“As the solar industry becomes increasingly competitive, acquiring assets at attractive prices is becoming more challenging,” said chairman Alexander Ohlsson. “However, Foresight Solar Fund Limited continues to make asset purchases at attractive valuations and sees significant opportunities in the UK secondary solar market as well as other developed overseas countries with stable currencies.”
Earlier this year, the Group made its first battery storage investment, acquiring the 35MW Port of Tyne project. The scheme has a four-year contract from National Grid to provide enhanced frequency response, as well as a 12-year Capacity Market contract.
One of Foresight’s largest investors is BlackRock, which also plans significant acquisition of large-scale solar projects. The asset management giant has launched a joint venture with Lightsource called Kingfisher which plans to create a £1bn, 1GW UK solar portfolio by 2020.

domain: economics


Plymouth Community Energy
Ernesettle solar farm is a community project initially set up by Plymouth Energy Community, The Four Greens Community Trust and Plymouth City Council but it is owned by its community investors. With this project, the community turned derelict land to a solar array that generates energy for 1,000 homes.
The community required a bankable party that could offer a long term PPA and concluded everything quickly so that financial close could be achieved and the project could be built before the “1.3 ROC” deadline on 31st March 2016.
Statkraft enabled a smooth contract negotiation process and prompt meter registration. As a result, the project was built in time and has now had a successful year of operations.
The site was re-financed during 2017 via a long term loan and community shares purchases.
It is Plymouth’s largest solar array.
Statkraft played a pivotal role in the success of our project, constructively working with us to structure a PPA that met our funders requirements.
Alistair Macpherson, CEO Plymouth Energy Community.


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4 Ingredient Banana White Chocolate Breakfast cookies
Cookies for breakfast are totally acceptable when they're this healthy. Oats, bananas and dried cranberries baked to perfection with just a hint of white chocolate.
Servings 14 Cookies
- 2 ripe bananas mashed
- 400 g oats
- 50 g white chocolate chips
- 50 g dried cranberries
Pre-heat the oven to 165c.
Mash the bananas in a bowl and add the oats.
Mix in the chocolate chips and the dried cranberries, taking care to not mix in too many as the mix won’t hold together.
Spoon the mix into tablespoon size balls and place on a lined baking tray and bake in the pre-heated oven for about 8 minutes, or until golden brown.


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2 edition of burning question of trades unionism found in the catalog.
burning question of trades unionism
Daniel De Leon
|Statement||by Daniel De Leon.|
- The Origins of Trade Unionism -- The Struggle for Existence  -- The Revolutionary Period  -- The New Spirit and the New Model  -- The Junta and their Allies -- Sectional Developments  -- The Old Unionism and the New  -- The Trade Union World  -- Thirty Years' Growth [
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By Daniel DeLeon. An address delivered at the New Auditorium Hall, Newark, N.J., Ap Workingmen and Workingwomen of Newark: That the Trades Union Question is a burning one is obvious from the space it fills in the public mind, the acrimony of the discussion and the wide divergence of opinion on the subject.
The burning question of burning question of trades unionism book unionism [De Leon, Daniel ()] on *FREE* shipping on qualifying offers.
The burning question of trades unionismAuthor: Daniel () De Leon. Get this from a library. Burning question of trades unionism book burning question of trades unionism: a lecture delivered at Newark, N.J., Ap [Daniel De Leon].
The burning question of trades unionism, Unknown Binding $ Paperback Next page Books By Daniel De Leon Book Depository Books With Free Delivery Worldwide: Box Office Mojo Find Movie Box Office Data. The Burning Question of Trades Unionism, by Daniel De Leon (HTML at ) Historical Catechism of American Unionism, by Industrial Workers of the World (PDF page images at MSU) Industrial Unionism (two pieces on the same subject; New York: New York Labor News Co., ), by Daniel De Leon and Eugene V.
Debs (page images at HathiTrust). The History of Trade Unionism (, new edition ) is a book by Sidney and Beatrice Webb on the British trade union movement's development before Outline. First published init is a detailed and influential accounting of. OCLC Number: Burning question of trades unionism book pages: illustrations ; 19 cm: Contents: Introduction --Reform or revolution --What means this strike --The burning question of trades unionism --Socialist reconstruction of Title: Burning question of trades unionism book York Labor News, no.
Responsibility: by Daniel De Leon. Define trade unionism. trade unionism synonyms, trade burning question of trades unionism book pronunciation, trade unionism translation, English dictionary definition of trade unionism. A labor union, especially one limited in membership to people in the same trade.
trade unionism n. trade unionist n. From The Burning Question of Trades Unionism "The mission of unionism is not to act as rear guard to an army defeated, seasoned in defeat, habituated to defeat, and fit only for defeat.
The mission of unionism is to organize and drill the working class for final victory - to take and hold the machinery of production, which means the. (), The Burning Question of Trades Unionism (), Socialist Reconstruction of Society (), these four gathered in the book Socialist Landmarks; Two Pages from Roman History (); Abolition of Poverty; and Fifteen Questions About Socialism.
The History of Trade Unionism book. Read reviews from world’s largest community for readers. Start by marking “The History of Trade Unionism ()” as Want to Read: Be the first to ask a question about The History of Trade Unionism Lists burning question of trades unionism book This Book.
This book is not yet featured on Listopia. Add this book to your favorite list»/5(8). The publication of the History of Trade Unionism in cheaper form, nearly eight years from the date of its completion, gives us the opportunity of writing a new introductory burning question of trades unionism book.
We make no attempt to bring the history down to the present date. After the Trade Union Act ofBritish labor unions were guaranteed legal recognition, although it required the laws of and to assure their status. In the latter part of the 19th cent. the socialist movement made headway among trade unionists, and James Keir Hardie induced () the trade unions to join forces with the socialists.
the origins of socialist industrial unionism It would seem an axiom among DeLeonists that the outstanding American socialist was the "Father of SIU" that he was the first to hit upon the-concept and is to be given credit for developing it However, the present writer cannot find evidence in the literature to back this up.
2) A second component of big picture unionism in the US is the ongoing drive to organize low-wage workers. This organizing speaks directly to the burning question of working-class unity. Every racially and nationally oppressed minority is projected to increase its numbers in the civilian workforce.
Unionism " remind the student, not of the mystic rites and skeleton mummery of the Owenite movement, but rather of the restless energy and political ingenuity of the Junta or the Trades Union Congress Parliamentary Committee in those early days when the old Trade Unionists were fighting for legislative reforms with a faith which was as wise as.
trade union: see union, laborunion, labor, association of workers for the purpose of improving their economic status and working conditions through collective bargaining with employers. Historically there have been two chief types of unions: the horizontal, or craft, union, in which all the members are.
Click the link for more information. Trade. (); The Burning Question of Trades Unionism (), and Socialist Reconstruction of Society ()--have been published together in a single book, Socialist Landmarks.
Reform or Revolution. It was De Leon who most thoroughly and conclusively dealt with the inadequacy and danger of reform.
TRADES-UNIONISM IN INDIA. Sept. 14, Credit The New York Times Archives. See the article in its original context from SeptemPage 4. Page - Their reckless assumption of the duties and responsibilities that only the State or whole community can discharge, in the nature of sick and superannuation benefits, at the instance of the middle class, is crushing out the larger Unions by taxing their members to an unbearable extent.
This so cripples them that the fear of being unable to discharge their friendly society. The present History of Trade Unionism in the United States is in part a summary of work in labor history by Professor John R. Commons and collaborators at the University of Wisconsin from toand in part an attempt by the author to carry the work further.
Define trades unionism. trades unionism synonyms, trades unionism pronunciation, trades unionism translation, English dictionary definition of trades unionism. A labor union, especially one limited in membership to people in the same trade.
trade unionism n. trade unionist n. Trade unionism was the first training school in proletarian virtue, in solidarity as the spirit of organised fighting.
It embodied the first form of proletarian organised power. In the early English and American trade unions this virtue often petrified and degenerated into a narrow craft-corporation, a true capitalistic state of mind. CHAPTER-IV CONCEPT OF TRADE-UNIONISM AND ITS ROLE IN PROTECTION INTEREST OF WORKING CLASS “The Trade-Unions should not be content with conservative Motto: A Fair day’s wage for a days wages”.
– KARL MARX Introduction: The early Trade-Union‘s arose under the stress of speedy industrial-File Size: KB. industrial union, a union that aspires to represent all or most of those employed in a particular industry Traditionally, UK unionism has been a complex amalgam of (a), (c) and (d), with the result that managers in a given organization may have to negotiate with a number of unions (see MULTI-UNIONISM).
Buy Trade unions books from today. Find our best selection and offers online, with FREE Click & Collect or UK delivery. Trade unionism definition: Trade unionism is the system, practices, and beliefs of trade unions.
| Meaning, pronunciation, translations and examples. Trade Union. An organization of workers in the same skilled occupation or related skilled occupations who act together to secure for all members favorable wages, hours, and other working conditions.
Trade unions in the United States were. (); The Burning Question of Trades Unionism (), and Socialist Reconstruction of Society ()--have been published together in a single book, Socialist Landmarks. What. Even Deleonists of the SLP accused him of being a control freak, and his leadership of the party saw him cause multiple splits including with his own supporters.
A trades union is a collection of people from different trades who want to keep and improve their jobs and their working and living conditions.
Member of a trades union will usually working in the same industry. Trade unionism eventually became accepted as a fact of life by British governments and employers – but with much struggle. The Jewish Forward, another Jewish newspaper on Sept.
29, '95 carried an article about Jew, John Deutch's appointment as head of soon as he was confirmed, Deutch promptly dismissed all experienced high-ranking gentile CIA officials and replaced them with a new, all-Jewish staff: George Tenet, to CIA Deputy Director; David Cohen to Operations and.
The Red Shall Rise From Below This is the theoretical part of the burning question of trades unionism. Its practical part implies struggle, dauntless struggle against, and war to the knife with that combination of ignoramuses, ripened into reprobates”the labor faker who seeks to coin the helplessness of the proletariat into cash for.
In Darkest England, and the Way Out Slum social Society Soldiers soul starving streets success supply surplus labour things thousands to-day Tommy Atkins town trade Trades Unionism unemployed waste week Whitechapel wife waited on by the choral Muses and the rosy Hours: it is a stern pilgrimage through burning sandy solitudes, through.
DeLeon, Daniel: The Burning Question of Trades Unionism: How the Workers Must Organize to Abolish Capitalism.  DeLeon, Daniel: Socialist Reconstruction of Society.  DeLeon, Daniel: The Preamble of the Industrial Workers of the World: An Address Delivered by Daniel DeLeon at Union Temple, Minneapolis, Minnesota, July 10th, The Book of English Trades: And Library of the Useful Arts: with Seventy Engravings Item Preview Book digitized by Google from the library of the New York Public Library and uploaded to the Internet Archive by user tpb.
Notes" to acquaint the rising generation with our various trades must be a praiseworthy effort."--Pref. VII. The old unionism and the new; VIII. The trade union world; IX.
Thirty years’ growth; X. The place of trade unionism in the state; XI. Political organisation Trades Unionism T his essay is a revision of three book reviews published in Rebel Worker between and Part 1: Bookchin: The Anarchist-Ecologist of the late 60s and 70s Bookchin has deservedly emerged as a major thinker and writer of the late Twentieth Century.
His ideas on the relationship between social ecology. Trade unionism 1. TRADE UNIONISM 2. Webbs “A continuous association of wage earners for the purpose of maintaining/ improving the condition of their working lives” Cole “A trade union means an association of workers in one/ more occupations-an association carried on mainly for the purpose of protecting and advancing the members’ economic interest in.
The trades unions and the Knights of Labor endorsed the movement but because many of the leaders of the agitation were foreigners, the movement itself was regarded as "foreign" and as "un-American." Then the anarchists of Chicago, a very small group, espoused the.
This banner text can have markup. web; books; video; audio; software; images; Toggle navigation. Meardi Labour movements & labour unions labour unionism and pdf movement pdf the two terms interchangeably), distinguishing it from the bureaucratic aspects of trade unionism and the non-union forms of labour movement.
The latter will be indicated as worker movement, a broader social concept including the social, political and cul-File Size: KB. Overall a good book giving a reasonable account of Trades Union history in Britain download pdf the s through to the early 21st Century.
Unfortunately it omitted a number of key figures for example Walter Citrine, who gets one very brief reference, but was General Secretary of the TUC for 20 years ()/5(3).the spread of ebook unionism globally including nigeria Wherever capitalist industrialists expand their profit-seeking activities across the globe, the idea of trade unionism follows.
By the late s and early s British capitalists set up industries in many countries in South, East and West Africa and several other places.


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HBO's Watchmen has ended and fans are now wondering if there will be a second season. Damon Lindelof, the show's showrunner, claimed that he wanted to make a self-contained story, and though he succeeded in some levels, there are definitely things that can be explored for a second season. As we wait for news on a possible second season, Collider has decided to ask if Lindelof would consider directing a movie based on The Dark Knight Returns, another DC graphic novel many consider to be revolutionary.
Interestingly enough, Lindelof feels like he wouldn't want to make a Dark Knight movie since it would essentially be an adaptation and the showrunner doesn't just want to make a basic adaptation since there's so little to improve on. We wish someone told Frank Miller that when he started making Dark Knight sequels but hey, that's the world we live in.
That being said, Lindelof did admit that it would be awesome if a veteran Batman actor were to play this version of the character. After all, we would care for the character if we know the actor has played this hero before. It did wonders for Logan, I'll tell you that.
"I think it would be really interesting to wait for somebody like, you know, Michael Keaton, who has already done Batman, or a Christian Bale 25 years from now and then do Dark Knight with them. So, it's someone who we actually saw play a younger version of Batman. That would be rad."
Considering how many times DC has reprinted The Dark Knight Returns, not to mention the fact that there's already an animated version of this classic, it wouldn't be far-fetched to assume that we'll eventually see this story adapted into the big screen. Personally, I'm fine with graphic novel and animated movies.
The Dark Knight Returns is now available on most comic book stores.


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Older Persons Vulnerable To Dementia, Parkinson Disorders
ISLAMABAD,(UrduPoint / Pakistan Point News - 22nd july,2016) : Health experts on Friday claimed that 10 to 20 per cent of all 60 to 80 years of old people suffer from at least one of stroke, dementia, and Parkinson disorders in life.
According to them, the incidence of neurological disorders, such as those associated with stroke and dementia, is projected to increase at a rate that could overwhelm healthcare systems. They said the prevalence of a number of neurological conditions increases with age, including parkinson, the most common brain diseases affecting an ageing population.
They noted that brain diseases are the most frequent cause of disability worldwide, and that the disease burden could be avoided if more effort and resources are put toward prevention. "We have made great strides forward in the diagnosis and therapy of neurological diseases, appalling inequalities exist in the availability of treatment possibilities," experts said.
They said many people across the globe either have no access or insufficient access to neurological care. In wealthy countries, there are an average of three neurologists per 100,000 inhabitants whereas in low-income countries the figure is just 0.03. Medical Health expert, Dr Wasim Khawaja from Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences (PIMS) said that additional to healthy eating and getting sufficient exercise, brain fitness is also important for old age people.
He said while age and genetics pose great risks for stroke and dementia, managing high blood pressure and high blood sugar levels through diet and exercise can cut chances for brain disorders like Alzheimer's disease by three times. He said a balanced diet with a lot of leafy vegetables, fruits and fish keeps cholesterol values low, thereby helping to minimize risks.
Dr Khawaja urged old age people to remain socially active, engage in social and leisure activities by volunteering, traveling, or joining social activities. He said that brain health should be treated as one of the highest level healthcare priorities.
Neurologists are the advocates of brain health and need to take the leading role in advancing new approaches in stemming the scourge of neurological disease. He said that the aging population has major social, health, and economic consequences and urged for more focus in the expansion of prevention programmes and in suitable healthcare structures instead of viewing an ageing population solely as a burden. Dr Sharif Astori from Federal Government Poly Clinic (FGPC) said that brain health will be among the most important determinants of social and economic well-being of older persons in the future. He said that diseases affecting the brain are the most frequent causes of handicaps today throughout the world.
"A good share of the disease burden would be avoidable if we are more devoted to prevention." He said that age and genetic predisposition may remain the biggest risk factors for strokes and dementias but there are also factors that everyone can influence.
"For instance, high blood pressure and high blood sugar levels already occurring in middle age increase the risk of later contracting Alzheimer's by two to three times," he said. World Federation of Neurology (WFN) has designated July 22 as annual World Brain Day on which the WFN's 119 national member groups have arranged a number of activities to raise awareness of brain health.

domain: medical


The world is brimming with must-visit natural locations for cyclists. From dedicated cycling holidays to taking a day trip into the countryside by bike, traveling through an area on two wheels means that you can experience the natural beauty in one of the most exhilarating ways. This post by guest author Nick Ball introduces 5 incredible cycling locations inspired by nature.
With everything from safe cycle paths to dedicated refueling spots for cyclists, Newcastle upon Tyne is a haven for cyclists of all abilities. Here’s a guide to the best cycling routes in Newcastle upon Tyne, as well as where to rent bikes, eat and shop.
In Ireland, the last few years have seen a massive upsurge in cycling. There are many benefits to using the cycling trails in Ireland. Ireland is increasingly becoming one of Europe’s top cycling destinations. Irish tourist providers now offer a whole host of cycling holiday packages to international guests, helping them to enjoy cycling trails in Ireland. So what makes cycling trails in Ireland so special? Ireland’s moderate year round climate ensures that no matter what time of year it is, you can always use the roads and trails for cycling. However with so many options, it can prove challenging to narrow down which cycling trail in Ireland is the right route for you. The people at The Ocean Sands Hotel have sent us the infographic below that reveals some of the best cycle routes throughout Ireland.
Ireland is the ultimate vacation destination for those who want an active outdoor experience in beautiful scenery. From its breathtaking landscapes to the vast array of activities on offer, the real challenge will be where to start your cycling and hiking holiday in Ireland!
Nous recommandons fortement d’y aller pour un genre très différent de route de vélo au Circuit Gilles-Villeneuve de l’Ile Notre-Dame à Montréal.


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I love when people have blog contests. What could be better than free yarn, really? I always enter, but I never win.
Until a few months ago, when Dawn was having a contest. I entered and promptly forgot about it, and then found out a few weeks ago I won! It was a destashing contest for her so, when she emailed me to ask my favorite colors, I expected an odd skein or two. Two skeins of yarn is so generous, in my book, since I have a hard time parting with any of my stash.
So imagine my surprise when I came home one day this week and got this in the mail:
So sweet of her, right? Well even sweeter when I realized she sent me a FULL BAG. That’s right, ten skeins, over 1300 yards, completely untouched, of the brightest (and most difficult to photograph; the color is brighter than in the above photo) bottle green, superwash DK yarn. I’m so excited! I sat and looked through my queue but couldn’t come up with a good pattern to match, and then stayed up late that night sketching design ideas in my head.
I’ve got a definite design brewing and, oh, is it zany. It’ll take a while to appear on this blog, but I’m so excited to really do my first design. Thanks so much for the generosity and the inspiration, Dawn! You made my week!


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The city is fortunate to have such wide open spaces close at hand. In addition to Ku-ring-gai Chase, Royal National Park is about 20 miles south of the city and can also be reached by train.
While you`re out and about you might want to stop by and meet a few koalas and kangaroos up close and personal. These marsupials score right off the cuteness scale and you wouldn`t want to return home without having your picture taken with one. Waratah Park on the edge of Ku-ring-gai Chase is one of several places with displays of wallabies, wombats, dingoes and birds. Admission costs about $6 U.S. for adults and about $3 for children.