text:
Liu Yun, Sun Baoguo
(School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering; Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100037)
Supportted by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(20276002)
AbstractSodium percarbonate, a green ingredient, an effective oxygen-based bleaching agent, has poor storage stability. Small amounts of moisture will cause its decomposition. Low level of heavy metal ions can accelerate its decomposition. Sodium percabonate coated simply with slurry of a group of inorganic compounds got an excellent stability in this paper. It was found that metaboric acid had special stabilization to the product. It was supposed to give the coating colloid property, acidity, and water-absorbing ability. The paper supposed a mechanism of the process of auto catalyst of the product, giving a 4-step reaction, which leads to the decomposition continually.
Sodium percarbonate is well-known as a basic component which is incorporated into an oxygenic bleaching agent or a sterilizer composition in detergents. Generally, oxygenic bleaching agents do not damage fabric anddo notcause yellowing, so they have been allowed enjoy widespread use as oxygenated bleaching agents for household or business use.Sodium perborate is also utilized as a basic component in bleaching or oxidizing agent, and can be incorporated into detergent compositions or the like. Because it must be used at high temperature, and dissolution velocity in water is rather low, sodium perborate is seldom used as a basic component of an oxygenic bleaching agent composition in the countries where washing is set at low-temperature.
Different from sodium perborate, sodium percarbonate exists as an adding of sodium carbonate/hydrogen peroxide (2NaCO.3H), which implies that it has a higher solubility at low temperature and easier release hydrogen peroxide. On the other hand, this formula of sodium percarbonate makes it have a serious drawback of rather poor storage stability as compared with sodium perborate, and fairly rapidly loses its available oxygen during affinity towards water. Even small amount of moisture can cause its decomposition. Very small amount of iron, copper, manganese, cobalt, and other heavy metal ion can accelerate its decomposition. Synthetic zeolite which is recently in wide use in house detergent acts as a strong catalyst to accelerate the reduction of its activity, since synthetic zeolite has too many pores and surface areas to absorb moisture. Therefore, sodium percarbonate is so unstable in detergent especially in phosphorous-free detergent, as to nearly have not any commercial value if its stability is not improved
Up to now, many different approaches have been made with respect to the stabilization of sodium percarbonate. For instance, some hydrophobic substance, such as a blend of hard or soft waxes was used to capsulate bleaching particle . The encapsulated particle is made by spraying molten wax with a melting point of about 40-50onto the particles. Some research disclosed a group of hydrophobic substance and the surfactants being substantially inert in presence of the peroxy compounds. They were: a) Fats, waxes or phosphotides; b) surfactants dissolved in the hydrophobic substance; c) Water swellable grains. Disilicate and some chelating agent, such as glutaric acid, pimelic acid, citric acid, dicarboxylic acids were used to coat the particle of percarbonate[5,6]. Inorganic compounds selected from alkali or alkaline earth metal carbonate, sulphates, chlorides and nitrates have been added to composition of coating agents . Subjecting a dried sodium percarbonate particle and an aqueous solution of borates to solid-liquid mixing to prepare a stable sodium percarbonate, in which temerature is very important for the coating agents to penetrate and coat the product, but the process is not easily controlled.
In this paper a raw sodium percaborate containing stabilizing reagents was prepared by oxydizing sodium carbonate with hydrogen pyroxide and then it was coated simply with slurry of a group of inorganic compounds. The factors influencing the stability of the products is discussed, and a set pf orthogonility of experiments was performed to optimize the coating composition. Also, some mechanism of increasing stability and catalyst of percarbonate are presumed.
All the materials were got from the local chemical markets. Sodium percarbonate was prepared in our laboratory.
Oven with controllable temperature and humidity.
1.3 Preparation of coating and penetrating slurry
(a) A suitable amount of dehydrated carbonate was added to a certain amount of water until dissolved. (b) Other coating and penetrating ingredients were fed into the aqueous carbonate, keeping stirring for 5min.
(a) A suitable amount of starting sodium percarbonate was fed into a vessel. (b) The viscous slurry prepared as above was added dropwise into the vessel during 30 sec with stirring at 250rpm. (c) The wet product was taken out, put on a plate, and was dried with hot air with continually shaking.
1.5 Determination of stability
The test was carried out at the presence of zeolite(4 times of percarbonate, by weight). Each sample was put in a plastic container which was left to stand at 50and 70%RH for 48 hours. Then the residual available oxygen content was determined. The available oxygen content was determined by 0.1N potassium permagnate titration method.
Residual available oxygen content(Wt%)= available oxygen content after storage/ available oxygen content before storage:
2 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
During the preparation of percarbonate, if the temperature was higher than 5, the product could not crystallize. Table 1 is the effect of the coating ingredients and coating condition.
Table 1. The coating materials and available oxygen lost*
|No.||Coating agent(Wt% ,based on sodium percarbonate)||Water||T(C)||State of coating||Lost of Oav%|
|metaboric acid||Sodium silicate||Magnesium sulfate||Carbo-nate||EDTA.2Na|
* The samples were put into an oven of 50C,70RH% for 48h in the presence of 4 times of 4A zeolite(Wt,on the base of percarbonate).
Carbonate was fed first because of its good solubility. When sodium hydrogen carbonate, or carbonate was used as a single ingredient, the lost of the active oxygen was as high as over 15-32%.
From microcosmic points of view coating layer forms a hetero nucleus outside of percarbonate core. Coating materials can form a unique film to protect the core from decomposition. From macropoints according to thermodynamics balance principle percarbonate delivers oxygen in decomposition:
Along with increasing oxygen pressure the dissociation rate of percarbonate decreases. When percarbonate is coated well the oxygen produced can not transgresses, and make the oxygen pressure go up. As the result, the equation balance moves to the left; the decomposition of percarbonate decreases. If the coating is not uniform, there must be a large number of micro holes on the surface of the core, which make oxygen go out, and lead to the stabilization of percarbonate falls.
In coating process, water was a very important factor to form a uniform layer so as to stabilize percarbonate. If water was too much in making the slurry, it will dissolve the coating agents, and dissolution of surface of the product also took place. If water was not enough to make a slurry coating process would be not compete and become not symmetrical, and the coating agents could not penetrate inside the pores, so the result was not satisfactory.
When the coating agents fed into percarbonate first and then all water was added, the stability of product was not well. In this case it was not possible for percarbonate to be coated completely.
The decomposition of percarbonate can be resumed to be a process of auto catalyst, and the catalyst is just the water.
First percarbonate adds water to form a complex (1). The complex is not stable; it will soon decompose to active intermediate (2). The intermediate soon again decomposes to oxygen and water.
Another explanation may be better that supposes that sodium carbonate in percarbonate absorbs water stronger than the part of hydroxy peroxide.
First under the existence of water, carbonate in percarbonate molecule absorbs water, delivering hydroxyl ions and hydrogen peroxide. It is well known that hydrogen peroxide has higher activity to decompose than in acid or neutral condition. The OOH formed soon becomes oxygen when there are not any bleachable materials and organism. The water produced in 2nd process comes back to 1st step to catalyze the decomposition of percarbonate again. Also the negative hydroxyl group produced in 3rd step comes back to the 2nd step to catalyst hydrogen peroxide again. That leads to the decomposition continually.
Because zeolite absorbs water greatly with its large amount of surface and is the most popular ingredient in phosphors-free detergent, 4A zeolite is selected as the carrier to test the stabilization of percarbonate.
Boric acid is a special momoatomic inorganic acid. Its dissociation constant is 5.8X10-10. its acidity is from adding hydroxyl ions instead of delivering hydrogen ion. Metaboric acid is got from dehydration of boric acid at 169C.
Metaboric acid is a half boric anhydride. It has the ability to absorb moisture that is a valuable property for stabilization of percarbonate. When metaboric acid is added into the solution, sodium silicate delivers silicon gel(SiO), which is a form of colloid with a certain viscscosity. The colloid gives the critical effect to making uniform coating layer.
We tried several organic and inorganic acids to take place of metaboric acid, such as hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, citric acid, lauric acid, acetic acid, and sodium borate, and so on. All of them did not have the effect to stabilize percarbonate. Therefore, the special effect of metaboric acid may belong to its special electrical property, and can not only be explained with its acidity.
According to our research on kinetics and property of peroxybleaching[9,10], percarbonate is a critical green ingredient for overcoming “black area” in laundry. Heavy metals, such as Fe, Cu, Mn, Co ions can induce perbonate decomposition. For Fe ions the catalyst mechanism is as the following:
Oxygen molecule do not have direct ability of bleaching and sterilizing. So above radical-type reaction have absolute negative effect for percarbonate.
Sodium silicate is a traditional stabilizer for peroxy agent. Its net-construction is like porous sponge absorbing heavy metal ions which catalyze peroxy compounds and active oxygen groups, such as anionic peroxy ions(OOH), peroxy radical(OOH), and super anionic radical(O-. ). When there is some humidity, magnesium ion and sodium silicate form gluey magnesium silicate which surrounds peroxy ions, and makes peroxy agent release active oxygen slowly. May be magnesium forms a complex with peroxy oxide [Mg(OH)(OOH)], which controls the decomposition of peroxy compounds. typical chelating agents such as EDTA, a typical chelating agent, is also helpful to the stability of percarbonate. The results mentioned above were proved again in this paper.
In order to summarize the effect of coating ingredients, an orthogonality test was performed. The main factors and levels were designed as Table 2, and the test of orthogonality is as Table 3.
Table 2. The factors and the levels in orthogonality
|Factors Levels||O (Wt %,based on coating composition)
|Ingredients (Wt%, based on percarbonate)|
|Metaboric acid (B)||Silicate (C)||Carbonate (D)|
Table 3. Test of orthogonality
|Factors No.||O, Wt%,based on coating.comsition (A)||Metaboric acid, Wt%, Based on percarbonate (B)||Silicate,Wt%, based on percarbonate (C)||Carbonate,Wt%, Based on percarbonate (D)||Residual Oav
|Difference between levels||12.1||15.9||19.2||8.7|
*1 The samples were put into an oven of 50,70 RH% for 48h in the presence of 4times of 4Azeolite to the coating composition.
*2 In all the examples there were 0.8% of magnesium sulfate, and 0.5% of EDTA based on percarbonate
In the range of the levels of the factors the difference of levels teaches that the main factors to influence the residual oxygen content is the amount of silicate, and then metaboric acid, and water. The content of carbonate anhydrous is minor factor. From the trend of change, the maximum composition of the factors was A. From variance analysis the differences is remarkable.
It was also noticed that carbonate could improve the solubility of product because it can absorb water molecule into its molecule as its crystal water. If carbonate was absent in the composition, the lost of oxygen did not increase significantly.
There was not an apparent difference of active oxygen content in coating at 60or at 30. Perhaps at different temperature there was a difference in grade of coating and penetrating, both were beneficial to the stability when the coating agents were in slurry. Slurry could penetrate into inside, and could coating the surface of grain and pores.
The experiments at maximum condition gave 91.8 % of average residual oxygen content. In that case, the loss of available oxygen of untreated starting percarbonate was 56.3% .
In all the cases, if coating was repeated, say to 2 layers or 3 layers, or other methods to be used also, the loss of available oxygen became even smaller.

domain: chemistry


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text:
Sunday, November 12, 2006
Okay, you probably knew this already, but I've got to represent! The Cars DVD features the short "One Man Band" as well as a new short, "Mater and the Ghostlight", which I had the pleasure of working. And, of course, you'll find the teaser for Ratatouille, the next great film from director Brad Bird. This is a single-disc edition, and as far as I know there are no plans for a two-disc set (bummer, yes).
I'll be posting a highlight reel of my work on Cars soon, but in the meantime, I hope you enjoy the movie!
P.S. A few people (Hans, Noah) have noted that there is a two-disc set available exclusively through WalMart, the second disc being called "Geared Up: Bonus DVD Disc". From what I can tell this second disc is just music video stuff, and likely doesn't contain any original Pixar content. Personally I avoid shopping at WalMart anyway, but if you're a Rascal Flatts fan then maybe you'll enjoy the extra disc.

domain: entertainment


text:
A/N: This piece was actually written in collaboration with Emma Bertelsen, and it is an extract from a longer novel. Or at least the extract from an idea of a novel 😉
Daniel awoke with a pounding head and a dry throat. His left arm was asleep, caused by the man currently resting his head on it. Jacob was it?
He was still asleep, thank God, and Daniel tried to remember when they’d gotten back to his apartment.
Slowly pulling his arm back, he held his breath as Jacob only reacted by rolling over in his sleep and mumbling something intelligible. Sitting up, Daniel reached over to the night stand to get the two aspirins lying there. Next to the pills lay a small bag of pixie dust that was easily hidden away in the drawer. As an extra precaution he made sure to lock it. It’d cost him a pretty sum, and Daniel was in no mood to come up with a lie to explain the shimmering powder to his current bed partner.
He should probably go through his apartment before Jacob woke up. Make sure it was completely magic-free. What a bother.

domain: artistic


text:
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By John Daniel Obioma
This piece is not intended to tell the story of the Biafran war or its subjugated people, a story that is already common knowledge in books, documentaries, films and even from surviving veterans. Rather, the Boko Haram insurgency has thrown-up a compelling reflection on the dynamics of that avoidable war and who the real enemies of Nigeria are.
Much as the Nzeogwu coup of January 15, 1966 was hailed nationwide as a redeeming intervention, at least to rid the country of stinking corruption and insecurity (as is the case now), it was still seen in some sections as an Igbo coup. The reason was that no prominent Igbo leader/politician was assassinated by the coupists; whereas other groups suffered casualties. To give vent to this claim, the military Head of State who did a lot to foil the coup, General Aguiyi Ironsi, also an Igbo, did not punish the coupists as expected. Worse still, he adopted Decree 24 of May 1966 which made Nigeria a unitary entity. By this, the Northern group felt particularly offended as it saw the new decree as a deliberate ploy to put the administration of the North under the more educationally advantaged South. However, as events truly unfolded later it became obvious that neither the coupists nor Ironsi had any interest in recolonising Nigeria for the Igbo.
Notwithstanding, the aggrieved Northern group in the army prosecuted a counter-coup on July 29, 1966 as a revenge mission for their leaders killed in January and in pursuit of a Northern agenda to perpetuate themselves in power, as a matter of birthright. Lt. Col. Yakubu Gowon was chosen as the leader of government and Head of State.
The counter-coup was particularly targeted against Igbo officers in the army who were methodically eliminated. While that was going on, Igbo civilians resident in the North were similarly extirpated. In fact, between July 29, 1966 and May 1967, thousands of Igbos were daily massacred in cold blood in the North; others fled back to the East maimed. The Igbo became endangered specie in their own country while the federal government under Gowon did nothing to protect them.
The situation degenerated to the extent that Igbo Leaders of Thought saw the urgent need to declare a unilateral political protection for the Igbo, since it seemed they were no longer needed in the Nigerian Union. That was the birth of the defunct Republic of Biafra. It was not an Ojukwu creation, he was rather invited to head the secession. Contrary to uninformed opinion, Ojukwu’s refusal to recognise Gowon’s government, based on the former’s argument that leadership in the military should be predicated on seniority, was not the actual cause of the secession. However, it contributed in heating-up the polity and swaying allegiance politically and militarily. This impasse led to the conference in Aburi Ghana, (at the instance of Gen. Joseph Ankrah) where Nigerian military leaders unanimously agreed to save the Union and move the country forward, by upholding the confederal structure of the country; an arrangement that would have guaranteed security and competitive development of the integral units.
In the ensuing war, the Igbo nation was battered and pounded, losing nearly two million souls. Forty-four years after the war, the Igbo have not yet been reintegrated into Nigeria. They are still targets of xenophobic attacks, especially in the North. Biafran war pensioners have not been paid a dime. The Igbo have never produced a president in Nigeria and they are reduced to only 5 states whereas other zones have 6 or 7.
On the other hand, the Boko Haram coup d’état against the federal government was executed in 2009. They want federal government to do away with Western education and all its institutions/agencies because it breeds corruption and retards human values. And if government would not do that, it should allow the North or part of it to be declared an Islamic Republic where Islam would be practised in its purest standard and government would be run as incorruptibly as possible. To the Bokos, that’s the only way to satisfy them and ensure peace in Nigeria. These were seen as outrageous demands, deliberately drafted to be rejected; so not many people gave them any chance of survival. At this early stage, no prominent Northerner or group came forward to denounce Boko Haram or condemn their treasonable agenda or disown their attachment to Islam – “a religion of peace”. The reason was obvious: Boko Haram was a creation of Northern political elite to wrest power back to the region by all means. That’s why, when Boko Haram offensive started mainly against the “talakawa”, non-indigenes and public infrastructure, nobody bathed an eye-lid, until the “crocodile began to eat its own eggs”.
Armed with weapons of mass destruction (WMD), members of the religious sect are no more selective in their destructive madness. Thus, innocent market women/children; school children sleeping “peacefully” in their dormitories; candidates sitting for JAMB exams; football fans watching the game at viewing centres, motorists/ commuters at the bus terminals; Christians in their churches and Muslims in their mosques, have been wasted by the unconscionable Boko Haram. A sum total of all these to the hundreds of soldiers, policemen and other security personnel that have lost their lives, including many banks, schools and government institutions that have been destroyed or closed down in the North-east, show that it is a real war situation, prompting many Western countries to declare the North-east and Plateau State as no-go-areas to their nationals.
Regrettably, the federal government has not been responding to the war challenge with the ‘seriousness’ it deserves. First, its willingness to have a dialogue and offer amnesty to Boko Haram was bluntly rejected by the latter. Also, the state of emergency declared in Borno, Adamawa and Yobe states by government is as laughable as it is ineffectual. How can such a measure be in place while members of Boko Haram still overrun the villagers on daily basis, burning their houses, extorting money and food from them, raping, killing and forcefully recruiting their young men into the sect.
Most painfully, where were the security operatives when Boko Haram members travelled with trucks to abduct about 234 female students from their hostel, an operation that lasted for some hours, before travelling back with their “loot” to the Sambisa forest – a place already well known as their base. And why were the so-called security operatives unable to launch a rescue operation for the poor girls until concerned parents and foreign countries began to mount pressure. Indeed, nobody is saying that government or the president abducted those girls. But as the father and chief security officer of the nation, those girls are the president’s daughters and something has to be done to bring them back alive. Recall that after September 11, 2001, the USA forces displayed patriotic courage by pursuing the Al-Qaeda attackers to the Afghanistan mountains, their base. Though they did not win the battle, they did not relent until Osama bin Laden was finally killed.
President Goodluck Jonathan declared total war on the Boko Haram terrorists on May 29, 2014, five years after the sect took over the North-east, killing both government forces and civilians in their thousands. Even at that, two weeks after the declaration, the Sambisa forest has not yet been recaptured by government. Instead, Boko Haram has been enraged the more into sporadic bombing at different locations in the North, killing people in their hundreds. The insurgents have now hoisted their flag at Ashigashiya in Gwoza Local Government Area of Bornu State, a place they have carved out of Nigeria as their new headquarters and independent enclave.
The federal government ought to know that in international/intergroup relations, there is nothing like a small enemy. An enemy (of the state) is an enemy. There is nothing like a small war; war is war. Boko Haram has committed more than enough crime against the state, nature, humanity, culture/tradition and against God. Taking stock of the dastardly atrocities committed by Boko Haram terrorists since 2010, and comparing them with the Biafra’s alleged crime of self-preservation from extermination, the federal government has a compelling need to apologise to the South-Eastern states. Even now, the scenario appears cloudy and uncertain. The federal government has declared “total” war against the insurgents and their collaborators in the armed forces. It is at the same time considering the services of professional negotiators to free the Chibok girls as well as promising amnesty to the terrorists. Amnesty after so much carnage and international condemnation will surely set a more dangerous precedence. Only time will tell how it goes.
Obioma is an Associate Editor with The Economy magazine

domain: politics


text:
Mykola Pymonenko. Reaper. 1889
The wedding functioned as an initiation rite to mark a female’s transition from the demographic group of girls (‘divchata’) to a cohort of married women, molodytsi. The wedding ceremony included a number of transition rituals that assured the bride acquired the status of a woman (covering the head, the komora rite). This status was symbolic for a certain period and became real with the birth of the firstborn (‘pervistok’).
Ivan Sokolov. Wedding
he position, rights, and powers of women in the Ukrainian patriarchal family should be considered in terms of the family divisibility custom. It resulted in almost all territory being controlled by a small (nuclear) family. Therefore, in a rural family, a woman and a man usually built a partnership. It cannot be said that the partnership was equal as the husband remained the head of the family and all important decisions were his prerogative (although usually discussed with his wife). However, women had considerable economic autonomy within the family and were often able to dispose of domestic resources.
Ksenia Nechai. Approximately 1955. Village of Lukhny, Illinetskyi raion, Vinnytsia Oblast.
In Ukraine, patrilocality was widespread and required that a wife move to her husband's house after marriage. However, there were situations when the husband settled in with the wife's paternal family. This man was called a pryimak. This typically happened if the father-in-law had no sons. The son-in-law, not the daughter, would usually become the householder after the father-in-law's death.
Parents usually prepared their daughter a posah (‘dowry’)
upon marriage that included a skrynia (‘chest’)
, bedding, clothes, etc., and cattle. Once the couple was married, the dowry remained the property of the wife, although it was shared within the family. Without the consent of his wife, the husband could not dispossess this property (grant, sell, or exchange it). As a rule, land was not given as a dowry for the bride. Wealthier families who could afford it were exceptions. In this case, the woman could pass this land on to her children; this piece of land was called materyzna
Mykola Pymonenko. Harvest in Ukraine. 1896
After marriage, women became housewives. Her area of responsibility, as a rule, was confined to the house and homestead, in contrast to the man whose main economic activity took place outside the home. In traditional society, there was a clear division of labour by sex. Women's responsibilities included: cooking, raising children, producing, repairing, and washing clothes and other things for the family, taking care of family members if necessary, keeping the house and yard in proper condition, taking care of pets and poultry (together with her husband), dairy farming, gardening, and field work (sowing, weeding, harvesting).
Large Lipivsky family, 1943 Golynchyntsi village, Sharhorod district, Vinnytsia region
A woman's reputation as a good housewife guaranteed her high status in the community. She had to skillfully manage the household, increase wealth, take care of family members, organise family life in the right rhythm, and follow the calendrical annual and weekly routine. Calendrical rituality self-organized the community and contributed to its stability and order. The woman had a leading role in following the folk calendar and correctly performing its customs and rites. She executed and managed the preparation process for celebrations (pre-holiday cleaning and decoration of the house, prepared festive clothes for family members, arranged the holiday table, among other tasks) as well as monitored fasting, bans on work, and prepared and ate modest meals during the week (Wednesday, Friday).
Woman. 1925. Village of Kozyntsi, Lypovets raion, Vinnytsia Oblast
Women widely used magical practices in their daily lives including healing as well those designed to ensure success in business, avert negative influences, or get rid of problems.
Friends. 1950. Village of Yakymivka, Orativ raion, Vinnytsia Oblast
Responsibility for procreation and the socialization of children was laid first of all on the women. A woman’s key social role was motherhood. Babies were also looked after by elder family members (usually grandmothers), or older children because women sometimes did not have the opportunity to pay the child enough attention as they were often overloaded with household chores. The cult of the body and its correlation with folk morality constitutes a separate chapter in women's history. Loss of virtue before marriage was considered shameful for both the girl and her parents. The birth of an illegitimate child was considered a brutal violation of the norms of morality and coexistence in a rural community. Women who birthed illegitimate children were called pokrytky (‘cover-ups’) and had the lowest status in the social hierarchy.
Children, 1957, p. Sokil, Chernivtsi district, Vinnytsia region
had special status in traditional Ukrainian society. According to the customary law of Ukrainians, after the death of her husband, the widow became the main successor of the household. This provided the widow with an equally high place in the social hierarchy. At the same time, widows were treated with compassion, as running a household on their own was challenging for single women.
Harvest of oats by Christian cooperatives. The photo was taken by a soldier of the Austro-Hungarian army in the summer of 1915 in Halychyna. http://www.coop-union.org.ua/?p=9329
In general, a woman has a significant household workload in agrarian society. Simultaneously, women tried to unleash their creative potential and express their aesthetic tastes and skills in work such as as vyshyvannia (‘embroidery’), sewing clothing, painting, and pysankarstvo (‘Easter egg painting’), leaving a legacy of folk art for their children and grandchildren. Despite the fact that most forms of women’s work were performed within the family, there were a number of women’s specialisations implemented at the community level: kukharky/varylyhy (‘cooks’) who were invited to weddings and funerals; znakharky (‘sorceresses’; witches in the olklorised and demonised adaptations); baby-povytukhy (‘midwives’), holosilnitsi (‘mourners’), and pysankarky (‘Easter eggs painters’), among others. Almost all women's activities were accompanied with singing — a demonstration of creativity and a means of relieving emotional tension and improving moods.
Women carrying adobe. 1964. Village of Zhyvotvka, Orativ raion, Vinnytsia Oblast
To conclude, women in patriarchal society played a significant role in intra-communal communication, and ensured customs and traditions were followed both in their own family and within the rural community. To a large extent, the economic and moral well-being of the family depended on women. They had the most responsibility in procreation and raising children. They were the bearers of creative folk practises such as songwriting, house design, sewing, culinary skills, and the organisation of celebrations.

domain: sociology


text:
Please join Shimmy Mob as we prepare for our 2017 belly dance performances raising awareness. We have raised over $1,000 for Women’s Safety and Resource Center. This year our team is raising funds for Bree’s Breast Cancer foundation. Our team is part of a world wide fundraiser which continues to break world records. We dance on World Belly Dance Day. Last year we wore hot pink t-shirts “We Dance to Be Free, to Express and Rejoice, But Today We All Dance, To Give the Silent a Voice.” By Felicity Shoars. We danced to the “Smatron” by Balkan Beat Box, choreographed by Cat Bruce. We had sponsors for the showing of the movie in the theatre, dancer’s hip scarves, registration of a dancer, and registration of a videographer.
This is a very supportive collaboration of teachers, students, volunteers, and donors from Coos Bay, North Bend, Florence, Eugene, Springfield, and Gold Beach. Yes, MEDGE members, too. Please join us this year as we dance to “Ya Halawa” The 2017 Shimmy Mob choreography contest winner is: Gina Nolan.
For additional information, please contact Joann Thompson at email@example.com.


The department said in a news release that former Bryan County Lt. Kevin Bennett Holt of Achille pleaded guilty to violating the civil rights of the inmate. The department said Tuesday that Holt admitted during a plea hearing that he intentionally used the stun gun to shock the man who was strapped in a restraint chair.
In November, a federal grand jury announced a six-count indictment against Holt on federal civil rights violations and obstruction of justice for allegedly using a Taser on a woman who had been arrested and two jail inmates in 2010.
Sheriff Bill Sturch said last year that his office initiated the investigation into allegations against Holt and then turned the case over to the FBI due to the alleged civil rights violations.
Holt resigned from the sheriff’s office in January 2011. He was also once a police officer in Achille.
A former sheriff’s deputy who once spoke with the Democrat about the case, said that among the allegations was that Holt had used a Taser against inmates who were in a restraint chair.Under federal law, using excessive force against an inmate is a civil rights violation.
Holt faces up to 10 years in prison and a $250,000 fine when sentenced. A sentencing date was not announced.


Further returns of striped bass,Roccus saxatilis, tagged from deep water during winter in Chesapeake Bay, Maryland
- Romeo J. Mansueti, George J. Murphy
- Chesapeake science SCOPUS
- Coastal and Estuarine Research Federation in 1961
- Cited Count
- Springer JSTOR
Striped bass tagged during winter (N=104) from depths of 60 to 80 feet were recaptured (N=14, 13 per cent) in two general areas, the upper Chesapeake Bay and the Potomac River, during the following 10 months. They were tagged in January, 1959 from drift gillnets that exploited overwintering aggregations in waters just above freezing. About half of the fish exhibited overinflated swimbladders due to rapid ascent and pressure decreases, but the remainder showed no such evidence externally. Recaptured fish were represented about equally by these two general groups. The study corroborated previous studies that striped bass can be tagged and released from deep water of Chesapeake Bay, be subjected to winter hazards in tidewater, and still be recaptured in sufficient numbers to provide meaningful data for longterm investigations.
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text:
Greek police release further details of arrests as part of a bust on a terror network in the city, saying that Israeli and Jewish sites were being targeted.
Greek police sources tell AFP that officers arrested two Pakistanis, aged 27 and 29, who were planning attacks on Israelis in central Athens.
A government official tells AP that one of the targets was a Jewish restaurant in central Athens.
“Their aim was not only to cause the loss of life of innocent citizens, but also to undermine the sense of security in the country, while hurting public institutions and threatening [Greece’s] international relations,” the police statement says.
Many Israelis visit Greece over Passover, which begins next week, since it is a short plane ride away from Tel Aviv.__Times of Israel

domain: news


text:
Beaches: Cabins and Lodges in Northleach, England
1 listing within 40 miles of Northleach with 0 bookable
- Browse all Northleach campsites.
- Search instead for:
[[ campsite.hierarchy ]]
This park does not currently take bookings here on Pitchup.com.
- In an arty neighbourhood beside two and a half acres of woodland
- A 30-minute walk to Bristol city centre and 45 to the Harbourside
- Sauna, outdoor kitchen, pizza oven and solar showers

domain: travel


text:
Keeping up with fashion is so hard! After all, what was trending yesterday is often an anti-trend today. To make it easier for you to keep abreast of trends, we made an overview of the current skirts of 2021. Choose and wear with pleasure, especially since the choice is, oh, how great!
Tweed is not the first season in the top trends. The fashion trends of this season offer us tweed in delicate pastels and bright saturated shades. They are suitable for spring or autumn, after all, woolen fabric for summer will be too dense. Tweed is an incredibly noble and stylish material. Do not be afraid of him because of the associations with age-related fashion. Due to its bright colors, it looks very fresh and relevant.
It is not known what must happen in this world for "pencils" to go out of fashion. Women's tight skirts, just below the knee length, are the most beautiful element of our wardrobe (according to 99% of men). This year, models in a small classic print are relevant: the Prince of Wales cage, Vichy, goose foot. "Pencils" 2021 are elegant and restrained: high waist, delicate cuts, a minimum of pretentious decor. Except that buttons adorn almost all current models.
Denim in 2021 does not give up its positions. It is already slightly less than in the past, but nevertheless, denim items are a hit of the spring-summer 2021 season. The most fashionable skirts of this year are straight elongated ones. Such new items are completed with almost all wardrobe, from classics to sports. A versatile and stylish choice for the warmer months.
All skirts of this fashion season are united by a feminine cut and a soft silhouette. This year there is no extreme vinyl mini, crazy deconstruction and other fashion abstractionism. According to the latest trends, everything is very cute, touching and romantic. So the retro flared sun is back in fashion. In 2021, we wear it not only with pumps and sandals, but also with sneakers and rough grunge boots.
The plaid skirt is a classic of the genre. The most relevant options are a tartan print and a large Prince of Wales check. This season the cage is bright, juicy, contrasting. Ideal for... any season!
Skirts with asymmetric wrap and slit
Fashion trends are aimed at minimalism, but the original daring models with asymmetric wrap are all same in vogue. Skirt styles of 2021 are very feminine and chaste, so even styles with a wrap and slit look elegant and not provocative. In this one you can go for a walk or to the office.
Sequins and lurex
What are the fashionable novelties without sequins and lurex? This year, shine appears on everyday things, so we can safely wear such skirts with simple T-shirts, and not only in the evening. The brighter the shining midi, the simpler the whole set should be, unless of course you are going to a party.
Leather and eco-leather
New items of this year are made not only from light fabrics. This year leather and all kinds of its substitutes are actual. Our spring and fall are perfect for this material - not marco, not cold, and eerily stylish. The styles of leather models can be absolutely any: "pencil", pleated, smell, mini. Do not combine leather bottom with leather jackets and raincoats, prefer wool or cotton coats and lightweight jackets made of fabric.
Pleated - the most fashionable skirts of 2021. There was a period when this model became anti-trend, but not for long. It's hard to imagine summer without a light, fluttering, feminine pleated skirt. Several options are relevant this year. The first trend is delicate pastel colors, the second is thin velvet, and the third is a trendy print (polka dots, checks, stripes). The trend of combining texture and print has reached its peak in 2021 - let's use it!
Models of tulle
Tulle has again ascended the fashionable Olympus, and tutu skirts have become trend. This is a youth option, which, unfortunately, gives older ladies an excessive, not youthful infantilism. This is a great option for a prom or just a summer event.
Fashion trends of the past year have migrated in that. Feather trim continues to be a trendy top. Summer is the perfect time for such original models. You can go to this one for a walk along the waterfront, and for a fashionable cocktail party. Long feathers can only adorn the very bottom of the hem, or they can be scattered throughout the product. The last option, however, can fill up a little...
Mini with high waist
Fashionable novelties of 2021 could not do without mini. Summer and spring evenings without them anywhere! This year's Mini, like all the models described above, is very elegant. Despite their length, they have a high waist, which not only looks stylish, but also visually makes the legs slimmer and longer.
Flounces and ruffles
Another super trend - flounces, ruffles and ruffles. Romantic, feminine, stylish. The current skirt with flounces, in addition to the texture, also has a print. Anyone, the more attention it gets, the better. The trend for romantic silhouettes is gaining momentum, and bold prints add flavor to these pieces.
Trends in flowers and lace
The most elegant fashion models are adorned with lace and flowers. Simultaneously. It can be guipure with embossed flowers, or it can be an original volumetric decor. This is another good option for a prom, party, or girlfriend's wedding. Do not experiment with contrasting shoes, let it be classic stiletto pumps. There should be skirts under which we will not wear sneakers!

domain: design


text:
Companies usually enlist legions of lawyers and even move headquarters to minimize tax payments. In Denmark, they could be better off overpaying.
That’s an unexpected side effect emerging from the extraordinary monetary easing unleashed by the country’s central bank. The government now pays higher interest on overpaid taxes in corporate accounts than banks do on deposits. That makes the Tax Ministry a more attractive place for companies to store surpluses -- costing the government and potentially even diluting central bank policy.
“It’s clear there’s an incentive,” said Jacob Braestrup, head of tax policy for the Confederation of Danish Industry, which represents about 10,000 companies. “If you have to pay to put money in the bank but you get interest if you pay too much to tax authorities?”
While flows so far suggest there hasn’t yet been a mass shift by companies to park cash at the ministry, legislation is now on the table to head the trade off at the pass.
Companies can earn 1 percent on overpaid taxes and there’s no limit on how much they can accumulate in accounts at the ministry. By contrast, Danish lenders are charging some of their corporate customers to hold money after the central bank lowered its key deposit rate to minus 0.75 percent.
The central bank cut the rate four times starting in January to stop the krone from appreciating after speculators flooded the currency market, betting Denmark’s peg to the euro would break. The bank built up record foreign currency reserves and stopped issuing government bonds to halt inflows that followed Switzerland’s lifting of the franc’s cap to the euro.
The low rates are rippling throughout the Danish economy. Apartment prices climbed 10 percent in the past 12 months, the Danish statistics agency said today.
Over the years, the amount of overpaid taxes has roughly equaled the amount of owed taxes, which this year will be about 8 billion kroner ($1.2 billion), according to the Tax Ministry. But the amount in overpaid taxes risks climbing if low rates persist for several years, which is what the ministry forecasts.
To discourage companies from using the ministry as a bank, Denmark’s former government in April introduced legislation to change the ministry’s rate so it equals the central bank’s deposit rate plus 75 basis points, or zero currently.
It also proposes a negative rate of 0.55 percent on prepaid taxes, capping corporate accounts at 200,000 kroner above owed amounts, and limiting interest payments to accounts larger than 5,000 kroner.
The measures, the government said, are needed to ensure the central bank’s ability to influence the krone through rates.
While the central bank’s extraordinary measures fended off speculators and most Danish investors, pension funds have purchased kroner every month this year, the bank said last month. That’s keeping foreign reserves high and delaying any rate increases. Danske Markets said June 30 the bank is likely to raise rates twice later this year, to minus 0.50 percent.
The legislation, which is expected to be reintroduced by the newly elected government, is also backed by the central bank.
“The proposal addresses this issue in an environment with negative interest rates,” Julie Holm Simonsen, a spokeswoman for the bank, said in an e-mail in response to questions. “Interest paid on deposits with the tax authorities should not be more favorable than similar deposits with banks.”
The industry confederation has resigned itself to the inevitable. The group is trying to convince lawmakers that the rate companies pay on outstanding tax bills also should be tied to central bank rates. It’s set much higher at 4.5 percent now.
“That’s missing,” Braestrup said. “We understand that it’s not good that businesses use the tax authority as a bank.”
For more, read this QuickTake: Less Than Zero

domain: finance


text:
ISBN 10: 0064472663
ISBN 13: 9780064472661
Number of pages: 240
Date: April 10, 2001.
The book was published in April 10, 2001
We found some servers for you, where you can download the e-book "Fingerprints #2" by Melinda Metz PDF for free. The Download Library team wishes you a fascinating reading!
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domain: library


text:
Diabetes management in elderly individuals necessitates a multifaceted strategy. A good diet is a crucial component of living well with diabetes. Keeping an eye on their diet with the help of home care in Pingree Grove, Illinois, can enhance their quality of life, keep their condition under control, and live longer.
With diabetes affecting a majority of seniors, nursing care services in Illinois are taking care of someone with this serious health condition. Help your elderly loved one adopt lifestyle decisions that maintain good blood sugar levels to prevent serious diabetes complications. The following advice will assist older individuals who have diabetes in maintaining their health:
- Eating healthy. Every diabetic should follow a balanced diet low in sugar and saturated fats. To assist you in developing a nutritious meal plan, consider consulting a registered dietitian nutritionist who is also a diabetes educator.
- Never miss medication. It is simple to overlook when taking diabetes medication. They can assist in making sure you take your medication every day with the aid of caregivers.
- Stay active. Strength training aids in muscle growth and glucose regulation. Consult a healthcare professional to determine the best exercises for you.
- Regularly check glucose levels. The risk of hypoglycemia is higher among diabetic people. Checking your blood glucose levels is especially crucial if you’re taking diabetes treatments.
If you are looking for home services in Pingree Grove, Illinois, Passionate Private Duty endeavors to provide both private duties skilled nursing and non-medical home services which provide our clients with the opportunity to remain safely in the comforts and familiarity of their own home.
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domain: medical


text:
Modern crochet wall hanging: Day 27 of the Relax and Hook Blog Hop brings another beautiful crochet wall hanging designed by DeniMade. The Juniper Wall Hanging was an incredibly popular pattern, featured in the Blog Hop on Day 5.
The Calia Wall Hanging
Today's featured FREE pattern is for The Calia Wall Hanging from DeniMade. Please do check out Deni's other designs and take the time to thank her for participating in the Relax and Hook event with two wonderful designs. You can find Deni here:
Just like The Juniper Wall Hanging, this pattern is straightforward and meditative to crochet. It isn't crucial to make gauge and the pattern uses repeatable stitches and rows. It is a quick crochet project and an ideal gift for the forthcoming holiday season.
Click on the button below to head to Ravelry and add the pattern for The Calia Wall Hanging to your cart and then use the code MINDFULCROCHET at checkout. The discount only applies from 8.00am (EDT) on September 27th, 2022 to 8:00am (EDT) on September 28th, 2022.
Relax and Hook ebook
If you missed out on downloading the gorgeous Juniper Wall Hanging pattern when it was free, or any of the previous patterns featured in the Relax and Hook blog hop for that matter, you can get all 30 crochet patterns plus a bonus 10 crochet patterns, in the Relax and Hook ebook, but only for FOUR more days and then it's gone forever:


text:
Situated near the airport, this hotel is within 9 mi (15 km) of Grand Canyon Clinic, Hopi House, and Grand Canyon Visitor Center. Mather Point and Grand Canyon ...
$324 per night for 2 guests
Situated in a rural location, this resort is within 25 mi (40 km) of Walnut Canyon National Monument, Meteor Crater, and Lowell Observatory. Flagstaff Mall and ...
$110 per night for 2 guests
Situated in the historical district, this bed & breakfast is within 1 mi (2 km) of Williams Depot and Buckskinner Park. Bearizona and Elephant Rocks Golf Course ...
$199 per night for 2 guests
Situated in Flagstaff, this townhouse accommodation is within 9 mi (15 km) of Flagstaff Mall and The Marketplace, Bushmaster Park, and Buffalo Park. Thorpe Park ...
Silver Saddle Mountain RetreatGet Rates
Situated in Williams, this townhouse accommodation is within 1 mi (2 km) of Thunder Eagle Native Art and Williams Depot. Bearizona is 2.7 mi (4.4 km) away. Williams ...
Cheery Canyon CottageGet Rates
Situated in Williams, this golf townhouse accommodation is 1.2 mi (1.9 km) from Elephant Rocks Golf Course and 2.7 mi (4.3 km) from Williams Depot. Thunder Eagle ...
Grand Canyon CottageGet Rates
Situated in Flagstaff, this townhouse accommodation is 0.5 mi (0.7 km) from West of the Moon Gallery and within 3 mi (5 km) of Northern Arizona University and ...
Artsy, Downtown TreehouseGet Rates
Situated in Flagstaff, this townhouse accommodation is 3 mi (4.9 km) from Flagstaff Mall and The Marketplace and 3.1 mi (5 km) from Bushmaster Park. Lowell Observatory ...
1747 LLGet Rates
Situated in Flagstaff, this townhouse accommodation is 3 mi (4.8 km) from Flagstaff Mall and The Marketplace and within 6 mi (10 km) of Lowell Observatory and ...
Burning Tree LodgeGet Rates
Situated in Flagstaff, this townhouse accommodation is 0.8 mi (1.3 km) from Coconino Community College and 2.1 mi (3.3 km) from Northern Arizona University. ...
Find Peace at Stunning Mountain Retreat in NortherGet Rates
Situated in Flagstaff, this townhouse accommodation is 0.7 mi (1.1 km) from Kachina Trail and 2.2 mi (3.5 km) from Forest Highlands Golf Club. Northern Arizona ...
Situated in Flagstaff, this vacation home is 2 mi (3.3 km) from Riordon Mansion and 2.2 mi (3.6 km) from Northern Arizona University. Walkup Skydome and Flagstaff ...
Graceful ManorGet Rates
Lowest nightly price found within the past 24 hours based on a 1 night stay for 2 adults. Prices and availability subject to change. Additional terms may apply.
If you're looking for a great (and cheap!) hotel in Grand Canyon, CheapTickets is the best place to find them. We offer deals on the best 125 hotels throughout Grand Canyon. No matter what you're looking for, we have options for you.
Grab great rates on the 29 affordable 3-star hotels that are easy on the wallet without sacrificing comfort. Looking for more luxury? Try one of the 2, 4-star hotel accommodations in Grand Canyon. No matter your budget needs, we've pulled out all the stops to make sure you have plenty of vacation options.
Maybe you prefer to search for your hotel deals based on what each hotel offers? For example, let's say you just want to find a hotel or resort that has a pool to cool off in after a long day exploring Grand Canyon. Scroll down to choose from the 71 hotels in Grand Canyon that has a pool for guests. Or search for deals on Grand Canyon hotels offering free wifi or breakfast, non-smoking rooms, and more!
CheapTickets is here to be your personal travel agent for your next trip to Grand Canyon. Get booking today!
Book one of our Grand Canyon hotels that offer free wifi below. Exploring Grand Canyon can be tiring, and sometimes after a long day the best thing you can do is hide away in your hotel room and binge-watch your favorite show. Our hotels in Grand Canyon with free wifi access are perfect for every type of traveler. Some of the most popular are below:
Yes! The only thing better than finding a great deal on a cheap hotel in Grand Canyon is finding one that offers free breakfast. Grab some eggs, a waffle, or some healthy oatmeal before a day full of exploring Grand Canyon and all that it has to offer. Below are just some of the many hotels that offer free breakfast in Grand Canyon.
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Absolutely. Don't want to deal with planning our all your meals on your trip to Grand Canyon? We don't blame you. Keep the hangry away by staying in one of the 28 hotels that have restaurants. With a room at one of these spots, all it takes to get a good meal is hopping in the elevator. Check out some of the most popular hotels in Grand Canyon that have restaurants below.
What's better after a long day exploring Grand Canyon then a relaxing dip in a pool? Finding the Grand Canyon hotel you need for a bargain! Cool off and unwind at one of our 71 Grand Canyon hotels with a pool. Browse some of the top deals on these hotels and resorts with pools in Grand Canyon below, but be warned: You may not want to check out!
Once you've made your way to Grand Canyon, the last thing you want to deal with is finding parking close to your hotel. Avoid the hassle of parking around the block and carrying your luggage all the way to the lobby by booking one of our hotels with parking. Check out deals on some of the 87 hotels in Grand Canyon that offer parking for guests.
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Our 3-star hotels bring you quality accommodations at a lower price point for the perfect, budget-friendly vacation in Grand Canyon. With 29 3-star hotels throughout Grand Canyon to choose from, you still have options. Browse our selection below.
Grand Canyon is full of hotels and it can be hard to narrow down where you really want to stay. Luckily, we've done that hard work for you be narrowing you from 125 hotels throughout Grand Canyon, to the 2 4-star hotels in Grand Canyon. Our 4-star hotels in Grand Canyon are exactly what you need for your next family trip, romantic weekend, or solo getaway. Check out our most popular deals below.
Ready for an action-packed adventure to Grand Canyon? Fill your days with our exciting activities and experiences to get a true taste of Grand Canyon. With activities to choose from, you'll have something new to try every day of your trip. Look into some of these awesome experiences:

domain: geography


On 30 March, CNN’s chief international correspondent Clarissa Ward tweeted out a photo of her boarding pass to Yangon. The image set off a wave of fear in Myanmar that the military, which staged a coup two months earlier and has killed over 700 people since, would use this visit to broadcast military propaganda to millions of viewers around the world. Thousands of Myanmar social media users began tweeting at Ward and CNN to express their concern that the arrangement CNN had made with the military to gain entry into the country would undermine the real story.
Driven in part by this fear, Myanmar civilians intentionally placed themselves in the CNN crew’s path, staging impromptu protests and insisting on speaking to Ward despite her warnings that doing so under the watch of military minders put them in danger. Allegra Mendelson, a journalist for the Southeast Asia Globe who also participated in this military-organised trip, said during a webinar afterward that civilians at a Yangon market kept coming up to the journalists and saying: “Please don’t listen to the military. Please tell our side of the story.”
Ward was aware of Myanmar people’s concern that she would become an unwitting agent of the military junta. She even liked multiple tweets to this effect. But instead of seeing her presence as creating a problem so dire that Myanmar people would risk their lives to correct it, she interpreted their sacrifice as proof of the importance of her visit.
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Farewell and Ahoy: Log of a Voyage
IAN STEPHEN sets off on a voyage of discovery through poems, stories and music
28th July 2011. Yesterday I took my own tools and my partner’s painting gear off El Vigo – the 50-year-old wooden yacht I’ve been renovating this year. The shipwright who did structural repairs completed his part some weeks ago. She is afloat again and seaworthy though some electrical work has still to be finished.
The first time I visited the St Kilda archipelago, I sailed Vigo there in the company of the musician Norman Chalmers whose grandmother was from Hirta, the Island in the group inhabited till 1930. And Gilles Combet, a cameraman who was wiling to share an arduous adventure in a Spartan yacht, built in Spain in 1961.
Sailing as a mate on the powerful steel yacht, Elinca, I’ve been able to return several times since then, in a bit more comfort. The group of islands and volcanic rock stacks appears very different ever time. I have never experienced an area where the impassive islands make their own climate. The mood changes fast. This time I will join the sailing vessel chartered by the Cape Farewell group. Artists and scientists make voyages together and we consider how climate change becomes apparent in particular places.
For weeks and weeks I’ve been completely focused on repairs to my own vessel, El Vigo and to helping bring two traditional Lewis boats, owned by Trusts on the Isle of Lewis, to the stage where they could take part in links with members of the Tall Ships fleet, visiting Stornoway. The rewards have been immense. In spray leaving bows. In clear lines of small turbulence astern. But mostly in friendships, happening through trust and a sense of common cause.
Today, I’ll moor Vigo and return to print out poems gathering in my home which is a former sail loft. They have been sent from poets who come from Mediterranean islands. I’ve been invited to represent Scotland’s Islands by Robyn Marsack, director of the Scottish Poetry Library.
Black cotton herring nets were mended where I’m typing now. The poems gathered in e-mails seem to me like migrating herring. I’ve not caught them and they don’t die when trapped in electronic formats. But they do seem to migrate along their own mysterious routes.
I’ll take the texts with me to Lochmaddy tomorrow. They’ll come where the Cape Farewell boat goes – but with the aim of visiting the Monachs and St Kilda. One of my roles is to share the stories from these Islands with the Cape Farewell group. But I will also have time to read and think and consider why the compulsion to let language ring also brings rewards.
A few years ago, poems made over many years were translated into Czech by Bob Hysek. That close relationship made me reconsider what happens when a poem rings out beyond particular sounds in one language. Now I’m setting out on a voyage through a physical geography. This will happen at the same time as entering into the poems from Islanders in a sea I’ve never sailed. There is no way of knowing if the concurrent voyages will relate to each other. Maybe I’ve learned not to be anxious about this. Not seeking anything in advance of seeing.
I always feel happy and lucky to be in a vessel when the ropes are being let go. I have a very similar feeling now, gathering the poems sent to me to be shared in a new community.
Looking forward to joining a team in Lochmaddy. When that voyage is completed, I plan to travel on to join the poets in Glasgow.
Perhaps Robyn has a mobile phone with a number she can share. Sometimes I compose brief poems on a phone and send at once so they have the immediacy of a log. That is after all a record of a way through water.
Very happy to be in this group and looking forward to joining you in Glasgow, warm thoughts from the town of Stornoway, Outer Hebrides.
Ian plans to send additional material in the course of his voyage from Lochmaddy to the Edinburgh Book Festival via (if all goes to plan) the Monachs, St Kilda and Argyll. For Ian’s text poems written on the voyage, see Farewell and Ahoy Log, Part 2 (link below).
© Ian Stephen, 2011
- Ian Stephen
- Cape Farewell
- Farewell and Ahoy Part 2
- Farewell and Ahoy, Part 3
- Farewell and Ahoy, Part 4
- Farewell and Ahoy, Part 5

domain: literature


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Thai Higher Education
The chapter provides an overview of the current development of higher education (HE) in Thailand. It also includes some basic information on HE policy provision, number of higher education institutions (HEIs) and students, and system of HE with the focus on mainstream HE administration under the supervision of the Office of Higher Education Commission, Ministry of Education (MOE). The changing scene of HE in Thailand is a product of the National Education Reform of 1999 that affecting the structural change of HE administration, personnel and financial management. Subsequently, the Long Range Plan on HE for 2008–2022 was formulated to address the issues such as quality of students, lifelong learning, and employability of graduates. The Plan calls for adjustment of HE system to articulate with basic and vocational education, to strengthen governance and accountability, to enhance staff development, to develop learning infrastructure, to promote institutional networking, to enhance of national competitiveness, and to solve social issues. One of the outputs of the reform is the revision of Private HE Institution Act to obligate the quality of private HEIs with the same standards of the public ones. The new HE development embraces regional cooperation toward the ASEAN Community.
KeywordsHigh Education Staff Development National Competitiveness Range Plan High Education Commission
- Bhumiratana, S. 2013. Cultural and historical factors influencing the development of higher education in Thailand. In The dynamics of higher education development in East Asia: Asian cultural heritage, Western dominance, economic development, and globalization, eds. D. Neubauer, J.C. Shin, and J.N. Hawkins. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.Google Scholar
- Kaur, S., S.A. Rahman, K.Y. Kie, M.M. Lotfie, and H. Zakariya. 2014. Comparing selected higher education systems in Asia. Kuala Lumpur: IPPTN and ITBM.Google Scholar
- Muangkeow, S. 2009. The challenges of creating and maintaining higher education quality under conditions of rapid economic development in Thailand. In Higher education in Asia/Pacific, eds. T.W. Bigalke and D.E. Neubauer. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.Google Scholar
- Office of the Higher Education Commission. 2007. Framework of the second 15-year long range plan: 2008–2022. Bangkok: OHEC.Google Scholar
- ———. 2014. Paper on Thailand excellence 2030 project. Bangkok: OHEC.Google Scholar
- ———. 2015. Thai higher education: Priorities and key developments. Bangkok: OHEC.Google Scholar
- Sinhaneti, K. 2011. Emerging trends in Thai higher education and a case study of Shinawatra University in coping with global challenges. US-China Education Review B 3: 370–381.Google Scholar
- Thai Laws.com 2015. “Royal decree on criteria and procedures for good governance., B.E. 2546 (2003). Available at: http://thailaws.com/law/t_laws/tlaw17512.pdf. Accessed 9 Dec 2015.
- Yilmaz, Y. 2010. Higher education institutions in Thailand and Malaysia–can they deliver? http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTEASTASIAPACIFIC/Resources/Thailand-Malaysia-HEInstitutions.pdf. Accessed 29 Aug 2016.


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The COVID-19 pandemic has substantially affected how women experiencing intimate partner violence (IPV) coped with their abusive situation, according to a new study led by health sciences professor Tara Mantler and Kim Jackson, professor in the Arthur Labatt Family School of Nursing.
Published in the Global Social Welfare, the study shares insights on the impact of pandemic-related lockdowns and restrictions on women experiencing IPV. While strict public health measures, including physical distancing and stay-at-home orders, helped mitigate the harm of the pandemic, they unintentionally exacerbated the risks for women who experience IPV by limiting their access to services and severely impacting their usual coping strategies.
IPV may include physical, sexual or emotional abuse along with intimidation, threats, isolation and manipulation.
“Stay-at-home orders kept women in the presence of their abusers, which in turn restricted their privacy and enabled surveillance, isolating them from social supports and services,” explained Mantler. “Stress from unemployment, financial anxieties and increases in alcohol use, all known risk factors for IPV, also became more prevalent during these orders.”
For women experiencing IPV, accessing a supportive social network during lockdown became more difficult, as support services were shuttered or only offered virtually. Venues to meet with social networks were likewise closed or inaccessible. A lack of privacy and extended partner surveillance complicated women’s ability to speak freely on online calling platforms and to find a safe venue to express their emotions.
The pandemic’s impact on their financial situation also meant the loss of their most important coping strategy. Financial resources provide women with some level of autonomy and can be the difference between them being able to leave an abusive situation or not.
The women did manage to find new coping strategies to adapt to the new pandemic paradigm, the researchers found. Physical coping strategies that were achievable during stay-at-home orders, such as going outside for a walk or participating in artistic hobbies, allowed the women to be distracted from their circumstances for a time. Part of their social coping strategies was in knowing that there was a network of support out there and finding comfort in that knowledge even if they were unable to access it.
Valuing the lived experience and resilience of the participants, the study asked which resources they felt would be most beneficial for assisting women experiencing IPV, allowing them to suggest strategies that would help keep them safe.
“It’s important to ask her what she needs to do to stay safe,” said Mantler. “Women know best what helps them cope.”
Study participants identified community centers, education for women to help them identify signs of IPV, and in-person services, such as counselling, as high-priority resources that are needed, along with activities that provide a temporary respite from abusive partners.
Most importantly, the women stressed financial resources are needed while acknowledging that financial coping strategies may not be available to women due to resource constraints and abuser control.
“When vying for protections and resources, it is important to acknowledge the nuance between saying there is a pandemic crisis versus an IPV crisis, and saying that even in the face of a pandemic crisis, the IPV crisis needs to be considered so that harm can be more effectively reduced,” Mantler said.
Publication of the data from the study will hopefully assist in raising awareness of the need for resources and support for coping strategies for women who experience IPV during a public health crisis, the authors said. They also hope it will create a foundation for inclusivity-informed public health policy and social services, protecting at-risk populations from both the pandemic and dangers of IPV.

domain: psychology


RALEIGH MOTUS TOUR LOWSTEP HUB WHITE 2021.
|Options||50cm White SOLD OUT|
|electric bikes||The Motus Tour comes equipped with powerful disc brakes, reflective tyres, a traditional bell, a secure wheel lock, and an adjustable handlebar stem. A comfy suspension saddle and integrated lights guarantee a smooth, safe ride, no matter what time it is. And with a derailleur gear system, youâve got all the speeds you need to navigate those sharp inclines.
Perfect for city cycling and long-haul rides alike, the Motus Tour gives you everything you want from an electric hybrid bike, and then some. With a silent Bosch motor providing up to 250% of your pedal power, you can race up hills like theyâre nothing ??" no heavy breathing or bike pushing necessary. If youâre looking for more of a workout, a handy control panel lets you kick things up (or down) a notch, with a display screen to help you track your journey.
Better for the environment. Better for your soul. Ditch the car and fly through the streets with the Motus Tour, our glorious mid-range e-bike. With a silent motor adding some oomph to your pedalling, the Motus Tour lets you go further and faster than ever before. Whether itâs a sweat-free commute or a cross-country trip, this fully equipped electric bike makes getting around easy. Get ready to fall in love with cycling all over again.
Weekend adventures, morning commutes, coffee runs, lunch dates ??" whatever the journey, whatever the destination, the Motus Tour will make getting there a blast. All you need to do is plan a route, hop on, and bike until the snacks run out.
|Frame||Alloy Frame AL6061|
|Forks||Suntour Nex Suspension Fork - 56mm - travel|
|Rear Derailleur||Acera 8 Speed|
|Shifters||Shimano 8 Speed|
|Chainset||Raleigh Alloy Bosch Crankset|
|Bottom Bracket||Bosch Integrated in motor|
|Chain||KMC 8 Speed|
|Freewheel||Shimano 22t Sprocket|
|Headset||Low Stack - semi integrated|
|Stem||Adjustable Angle Alloy|
|Handlebars||Comfort XLC Handlebar Black|
|Front Brake||Tektro T285 Hydraulic Disc Brake|
|Rear Brake||Tektro T285 Hydraulic Disc Brake|
|Brake Levers||Tektro T285 Hydraulic Disc Brake|
|Rims||Black 36 Hole Disc Brake Compatible|
|Front Hub||Alloy 36 Hole Black Disc QR|
|Rear Hub||Alloy Cassette Hub 36 Hole Disc QR|
|Tyres||Mitas 700C x 42 with reflective stripe and double duty puncture protection|
|Saddle||Selle Royal Milo +|
|Seatpost||Alloy Suspension Seatpost 31.6|
|Pedals||Comfort Pedals with Anti Slip|
As with any product, specification is subject to change without prior notification. You are advised to confirm current specification before buying.


In the last six months of 2009 WKU brought in a record $12.5-million.
Vice President for Institutional Advancement, Tom Hiles says that's a 71% increase over the same time period last year.
Hiles says a very loyal base of supporters, and the leadership of WKU President, Doctor Gary Ransdell, enabled Western to set the record despite tough economic times.
"The fact that he's talking about a transformation at WKU," said Hiles, "talking about 'a leading American university with international reach.' I think people want to be inspired and they really resonate with that message."
Hiles says the generous cash gifts will be used for endowments for scholarships and faculty, and for capital projects like Chandler's Chapel, Houchens Smith Stadium, and the Hilltoppers' baseball clubhouse.


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Read Story: SEASON 1 EPISODE 3
Everything happened so fast that day, I could still see shock in his face as he was so puzzled how i could give him such a warm kiss, you know I haven’t really given any chance to my Ex and i think its all my fault we broke up, Tunde was very surprised that a girl like me with high standard and influence will bring herself so low to that level, anyway, it wasn’t really my fault i felt strained and depressed following my hectic and bad day that all started from my fathers departure..
I moved to the refrigerator, brought out some water and drank a bit of it, I went outside the living room since facebook can be very boring sometimes, I decided to put my headphones and play chris brown song, the “Loyal” track is always my favourite I listened to it for a while, then I heard footsteps of someone approaching, who else it was Tunde!
Tunde: Excuse me, can i talk to you for a moment please?
Me: yes go on…
Tunde: what you did when we were playing Chess, what was it for?
Me: I’m sorry, I lost control, I’m now starting to feel I’m in love with you.
Tunde: Hmmm, your father will kill me if he were to find out please I’d appreciate if you pretend nothing happened..
Me: Chillax, its just me and you, No One will suspect anything, you see, I’m a Virgin on hearing this, he looked calmed and I just broke up with my boyfriend, I love you, for your uniqueness, gentility, and calmness.
Tunde: hmm, I love you too, but don’t you feel you will be taking a big risk!?
Me: *I moved closer to him, I held his hand and he felt a bit shy, and he couldn’t resist me, I had all the physical qualities of a diva, my curvy shape, my nicki minaj butt and all that Tunde, I’m in love with you can’t you see that? Come here let me show you something. i carried him to my bedroom, he looked worried, I tried my best to contain him and make him feel comfortable.*
We sat down, and i told him how my previous day had been, we discussed for a while, and we turned on the television and watched a movie for quite a long while, I told him how I broke up with my previous boyfriend, and he encouraged me and gave me some very good piece of advice, I was beginning to feel comfortable with him, I even leaned on his lap, and slept off, that night we slept in the same bed, it was a warm night, I really enjoyed his close relationship with me only at that point in time, he’s really handsome.
Early in the money, around 6am, I woke up, breakfast was already prepared, and my friend Tobi called and told me she’ll be coming to visit, Tunde was outside, doing some sanitation when my friend tobi came in.
Tobi: wow, shade, you’re looking good, what’s the secret?
Me: its God oh…
Tobi: okay sha, who’s that handsome guy working outside?
Me: its our house boy oh, he just watches over the house…
Tobi: hmm, he’s cute oh, for a house boy, introducing him to me, I think I should hook up with him he seems cool though’
*This made me irritated, if she wasn’t my friend I would have given her a dirty slap, but you know, I had to pretend as if nothing was going on between me and him*
She still insisted I introduced him to her… I felt upset but i really had no choice than to do as she asked so i allowed her to talk to him. And she was getting too serious, she started touching him and Tunde felt comfortable with it, he did not even complain, they exchanged phone numbers and i was just sitting next to my popcorn pretending to be watching a movie, and when ever they made a joke i will just put a sacarstic look on my face *i will pretend to laugh* until I felt so uncomfortable and jealous I had to leave the sitting room, before my friend had left, she came to my room and told me how she admired tunde, I looked at her and I sighed. I then wore something, and escorted her outside the gate….
But she kept on coming, and these time with new cloths she bought for Tunde…


An analysis is performed to study the unsteady laminar incompressible boundary-layer flow of an electrically conducting fluid in a cone due to a point sink with an applied magnetic field. The unsteadiness in the flow is considered for two types of motion, viz. the motion arising due to the free stream velocity varying continuously with time and the transient motion occurring due to an impulsive change either in the strength of the point sink or in the wall temperature. The partial differential equations governing the flow have been solved numerically using an implicit finite-difference scheme in combination with the quasilinearization technique. The magnetic field increases the skin friction but reduces heat transfer. The heat transfer and temperature field are strongly influenced by the viscous dissipation and Prandtl number. The velocity field is more affected at the early stage of the transient motion, caused by an impulsive change in the strength of the point sink, as compared to the temperature field. When the transient motion is caused by a sudden change in the wall temperature, both skin friction and heat transfer take more time to reach a new steady state. The transient nature of the flow and heat transfer is active for a short time in the case of suction and for a long time in the case of injection. The viscous dissipation prolongs the transient behavior of the flow.


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Clayton Middle School
Johnston County Schools
Mentor: Richard Lawless, BTEC
Sponsor: Biomanufacturing Training and Education Center
A Day in the Life: Exploring Careers in Biomanufacturing
The Golden LEAF Biomanufacturing and Training Education Center (BTEC), located at North Carolina State University, is working to fuel the growth of the developing biotechnology industry by creating the most well-trained, industry-focused biomanufacturing workforce in the world. Partnering with BTEC, Kenan Fellow Lori Stroud helps students explore the varied careers in biomanufacturing by conducting a series of experiments that mimic the day-to-day operations practiced in industry. Students use yeast cells as the basis for their labs, growing them in a fashion similar to what is done in large-scale bioreactors. The activities she is creating can be used as part of a microbiology or biochemistry unit or as an introduction to biotechnology.

domain: biology


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Don’t eat five kinds of poisonous vegetables in the spring.
When buying vegetables in the Spring Festival, be careful when choosing the above. Especially, some vegetables need to be properly processed before they can be eaten, so as not to be late with poisonous vegetables.
Then, these vegetables are most likely to be poisonous. Should you be more careful?
1, broad bean broad bean red blood cell lack of 6-phosphate glucose deoxygenase after eating broad beans will get hemolytic jaundice, also known as broad bean disease.
This disease is mostly hereditary. Therefore, people with a family history should go to the hospital for examination and avoid eating broad beans.
2, blue-purple seaweed blue-purple seaweed if it is blue-purple after water, it indicates that it has been contaminated by toxic substances when growing in the sea.
These toxins are also not detoxified and are not edible.
3, green beans and kidney beans green beans and kidney beans Their toxic components are mainly saponins and trypsin inhibitors.
When frying, you should first cook it, then remove it, add seasoning and seasoning, and transform it into detoxification.
4, colchicine contained in fresh daylily after oxidation into the human body will produce toxic substances, which will cause similar acute gastrointestinal symptoms after eating, which is easily misdiagnosed.
The dried daylily is fully soaked in water during processing, and most of the colchicine has been dissolved, so it is generally not poisoned.
5, fresh fungus fresh fungus contains a kind of nitric acid light-sensitive substance, it is sensitive to light, after sun exposure, it causes sun dermatitis, and some severe cases will have difficulty breathing due to throat edema.
Therefore, it is not edible.
Warm reminder: In addition to the above vegetables, ginkgo, almonds, cassava and other foods are also a certain toxicity, do not eat too much.

domain: food


Hello, I was using Jitsi server and Jitsi app. I have no problems when using it with laptops. But I installed Jitsi app on Grandstream GVC3210 which runs on android 6. I’m having echo issues on it. When the GVC joins the meeting, there will be echo and everyone will hear the conversation twice. This is really annoying and disturbing the video conference. Your help is appreciated.
Did you ever get an answer to your question? I have the same issue with a Lenovo tablet.