text:
Target Crack System Chapter 65
This is some of the sound of the tangle-swallowed water, looking at the endless icebergs that frozen in the eyes, their brain temporarily lost the ability to think.
'This is his true strength. ... Just like God ...,' At this time, a wooden ninja is muttered, even the hard work is not found on the ground.
It turned out that he has always been in his hand ... Shakkaka looks at the world of this delayed ice, and there is a dream of the dream.
Unconsciously, your strength has grown to this step? The body has blinkled in the eyes of the muddy eyes. The same brilliance, no one knows what is thinking at this moment.
(To subscribe and reward, monthly tickets).
Chapter 86 is left (two even more)
'This power ...,' and the three generations, the provision of this miracle of this miranity, the hearts of the group are only endless greedy. "If he wants to kill me ...
After a pleasant person, I'm pulling over the huge iceberg. It is grateful to everyone in the huge iceberg. The fairy model is slowly fluttering, and the dark long hair is free. At this moment, it is like a cactus.
'Is a ninja of a village, I don't want to do it too ... but I have already bored it for this decayed village ...,' I'm standing on the high. The towering iceberg is indifferent to everyone, slowly I took a scroll:. Three generations old head, this reel, which records the method of manufacturing medical comparative
I'm repaying this village, I have been taking care of my kindness! "
'There is also this care ...,' said, the moment I took out a wooden impeller from the side, and I lost it with the reel, 'I also gave you, since now, I will never do one with each other. By one, '
The two things that have been lost in the moment, the three generations look at the eyes of the moment become extremely loney: 'Heart, you are ...
'Celile you make a judgment of our province, you will not do it. I don't care ...,' said that I turned into the body, back to everyone, but I advised you not to chase, otherwise I will really You all kill! "
I heard this sentence, the wood leaves under the bottom feel like a ice, as if a cold wind is scraped from the heart, and it is not rising from the heart.
'I almost forgot ... I want to leave, suddenly turned to a group below, the mouth has a ridicule: "There is you, group, your life, I will stay to us next time , I hope that next time you can transplant some write-wheel eyes, so that you can use a few times.
For a few minutes for your rest of your life. Hahahaha ..., '
After that, I feel that I have almost consumed in the body, I'm gentle, my figure is a few times, and finally disappeared in front of the iceberg in front of him ...
The rest of the wooden leaves are in front of this endless iceberg. I save you, I don't know what it is, I can only wait for Naruto Adults and the elders.
'! You still festive ideas to support him to sit on the fire. ... Hey, what kind of dangerous people do you have now!? "Tang Tang began to ridicule the three generations, just now In the last thing to say, let him almost fall into a difficult situation, especially in the scene.
Yisi Wai people, staring at him in front of him.
Shut up! "The three generations of cold and cold, there is also the long consultant who is only playing Xiachun and Water Innitis, 'Everyone is scattered, today's things are here ... '
After saying this, the three generations seem to be a few years old, and the back of the departure seems to be a bit.
'That. ... How to deal with the day ?! "Looking at the back of the three generations of leave, the water household asked loudly.
The back of the three generations left, and the head did not return to the front: 'Celile you, how do you want to deal with it, I am tired ...,'
Leave a dried wooden ninja, and several old consultants who face each other, who can't take the main queue, have to make a good job, each with different minds, have disappeared.
If you publish wanted, announce the day to the moment to flee the ninja, even if you follow him, who can deal with him? Just is the injury and death.
Wood leaves for 53 years, the day is from the village, and the wooden leaves are hidden, leaving only the endless icebergs that have been unchanged in the back of the mountains, and the legend of the endurance.
A few days later, the water of the water.
When I just gave a message under the top five generations, I was a little bit slightly fascinated by the gods. Human: 'Japan is now, actually leaving the wooden leaves _._.' '
'Hahahaha ._ ! I can't stay good!'. The Lei Ying office has passed the four generations of Lei Ying real wild laughter: 'White eyes demonic the hard-wrapped opponent Leaving the leaves, saving the old people who don't die, doing a good thing for us! "
At a certain mysterious base, the big snake pill has also received the news that the endurance spread today, can't help but add a long tongue. Head, gloomy: 'I can't think that the terrible guy also left the leaves, last time I died in his hand .... Fortunately, I re-resurrected it through the spell.........
Planning is more favorable, two _. ''
'Yes, the big snake pills _._.' 'The big snake pill stands around, and it is the past. The pharmacist who met in the roots. I saw him pushing the glasses on the rigid, and the lens refused. Out No one.
A mysterious space.
A mysterious person with a vortex mask is sitting on a piece of a substance. It has revealed a scarlet writing in the mask, and a dull laughter: 'Thinking about the day, it is also turning with the wooden leaves. , Hahaha ~ _. True thoughtful, things become interesting _._. ''
···· ...... Seeking flowers ...
In a large casino, I just lost all the money, and I drunk selenium, listened to the news that the drunken sound was explored, and the brow gradually worried about the look: 'That kid How to talk to the wooden leaves Turned the _._. It is really unwittling.
'Adults, you don't worry too much. Anyway, no matter how to instantly, you will not suffer, you will not suffer: ._.' 'The drunken sound in the side is helped.
This is................................................................................................................ .. .
However, the storm of the endurance happened, but it did not have an impact.
At this moment, he is lying in a unknown wood near the fire of the fire, replacing his own shadow is a crazy practice for crazy exercises and Jun Ma Lu, enjoy the warm afternoon.
"No, Mr. Lu Lu, your movements are not flexible! This kind of body can see it!"
"White, your blood suxaching is also what I teach you the water. I have made it! How do you survive in the Ninja World ??"
The shadow of the moment is interspersed with two small figure in front of his eyes, and it does not look at the shortcomings of them.
Dance of the bones !! "
Jun Ma Lu also drunk, pumping. Bones on the bones, the speed of the speed of the flash attacking the shadow, each action brought a fierce style, simple and powerful. I have to say that Jun Ma Lu's battle talent is really rare. Such a small age, the strength of the show does not dare.
It is said that he can deal with him.
Stone to Jun Ma Lu with the moment of the moment to fight, whitening. The left hand is quickly printed, and it is a single-handed print. Suddenly there was a burst of water beads around the shadow. It turned into a large amount of ice that had a large number of ice.
One-hand print, there is also the talent of the styles, have to speak in this age, but also to the endurance that he can achieve this age will be extreme.
(I didn't become a rebellion, but I left the wooden leaf, and the following plots were designed, and there would be a different potential).
Chapter 87 looking for clues (three connectors more)
"It's really awkward talent ..." In the moment of leisurely lying down, I saw them and the battle of my shadow, I was secretly amazed: "It is the best in the original. A genius ninja, if they are in the original, they will never die, the film level will never be their strength.
The end ... "
Eight Diagrams, vacuum back !! "
I saw the movie of the moment to rotate at high speed, a Chakra ball wrapped a layer of transparent vacuum gas to quickly bounce the countless ice made of white, and the momentum also slammed the bones of Jun Ma Lu to the side.
No. Can't open his defense at all ...
When I was bounced, Jun Ma, Jun Ma bite his jam, and the force just rebounded did not hit him.


text:
Originally Posted by ilovethelakings
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Your just sad to admit I AM your favorite ninja of all time....
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domain: entertainment


text:
The Columbus Boulevard Super Fresh location will soon be closing its doors.
The Great Atlantic & Pacific Tea Co., known as A&P, has filed for bankruptcy, forcing a number of their stores to close over the next few months.
More from The Inquirer:
For now, business at those stores will continue as usual, A&P said in a statement Monday.
In the coming months, however, the company will shutter 25 unprofitable stores. Ten are Pathmark and Super Fresh supermarkets in the Philadelphia region, the company said – locations as diverse as Berwyn and Folsom, Center Square and Northeast Philadelphia.
The company did not give a specific time frame.
A&P operates a total of 296 supermarkets. They are said to be selling 120 locations and closing 25 of the unprofitable stores. The location at 1851 S. Columbus Blvd. is the only location affected in South Philly so far.

domain: economics


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text:
Death still under investigation
Carlsbad Police said they are still searching for the family members of 61-year-old man whose body was found Sunday in the Pecos River.
The man, who will remain unidentified until family members are notified, was found by city workers who were picking up trash following the Fourth of July festivities.
His body was retrieved around 12:30 p.m. Sunday from beneath the Bataan Bridge on Greene Street and taken for an autopsy to Albuquerque.
Police said they are waiting on an autopsy report from the state Office of the Medical Investigator to determine cause of death and perhaps help them answer how the man ended up in the river.
Anyone with information is urged to call the police department at 575-885-2111.
— Current-Argus Staff

domain: news


BMW are generally considered to be one of the greatest automobile manufacturers in the world. Ever. And rightly so, with annual turnover in the billions it’s safe to say it’s a successful enterprise, they know what they’re doing, so it might come as a surprise to learn that not all of their cars quite hit the mark. Renowned for producing quality, iconic cars such as the 2002, the E39 M5 and 3.0 CSL ‘Batmobile’, to name a few, BMW seemingly can do no wrong, but cast your mind back to the 1950s and let us tell you the story of the 507 – BMW’s not so successful attempt at introducing an open top, two-seater sports car to the American market and a project that nearly destroyed the German automotive giant altogether.
The prettiest car BMW has ever produced (yes, you can quote us on that), the 507 started life as the brainchild of New York based Austrian luxury car importer Max Hoffman. An eminently influential figure in the American automotive post-war boom a whisper in the ear of the top brass at BMW was all it took for him to persuade them to begin work on a seductive European roadster for the US market, something the yanks were crying out for having become somewhat apathetic towards the hoard of domestic cars available at the time. It wasn’t just BMW’s pie that Hoffman had his digits in either – he played a significant role in the development of the Mercedes 300SL and Porsche 356 as well. When he spoke, the industry listened and he envisioned the 507 as the middle ground between the cheaper, British MGs and Triumphs of the time and the more expensive, aforementioned 300SL.
With the seed well and truly planted BMW immediately got to work on the new project. They assigned development of the chassis to their own engineers but hired industrial design legend Albrecht von Goertz (of Toyota 2000GT fame) to pen the overall look of the car – at the insistence of Hoffman we might add. Not only did von Goertz design the 507 but the 503 as well with the two cars being developed side-by-side at BMW.
Following its rather grandiose unveiling at the Waldorf-Astoria hotel in New York City in 1955 the 507 went into production the following year but things didn’t quite go to plan for BMW. With a hand-built aluminium body attached to a shortened version of the 503 chassis no two cars were the same and as a result the car was expensive to produce, ultimately leading to the 507’s undoing as significantly inflated production costs were at odds with Hoffman’s original plan of flogging each car for five grand and pocketing the profits. Final costs were double that of initial projections which simply put the car beyond the reach of most buyers and caused BMW to make a loss on every single one of the 252 that were built, give or take a prototype or two.
They did get one thing right though and that was fitting the car with a 3.2-litre V8 (BMW’s first eight-cylinder engine) that produced 150bhp through a ZF four-speed manual gearbox, all to the rear wheels. Perfect, especially for the Americans. We imagine even less would have sold if a six or four-cylinder motor was used instead. There’s no replacement for displacement, as the old adage goes.
All 507s came with a convertible soft top with the exception of 11 very special cars that were built with an optional detachable hard top. If you thought the drop top was a looker… Lord have mercy. Suspension consisted of torsion bars all round, with double wishbones and an anti-roll bar up front and a live axle at the rear. The 507 not only looked like a sports car it drove like one too, especially compared to the boats that the Americans were wallowing around in at the time.
Unfortunately none of this was enough to save the 507 and even a slew of famous owners, including the king of rock and roll himself, couldn’t bring the handsome BMW back from the brink and with the huge financial losses incurred from the whole project the German firm found itself on the jagged edge of bankruptcy. Unsustainable as it was the project was terminated in 1959 and the 507 was dropped from the BMW roster. Thankfully BMW bounced back soon after thanks to a cash injection from German industrialist Herbert Quandt, but that’s another story. The decision to concentrate on adding a host of cheaper cars to their line up also played a large part in BMW’s reversal of fortunes.
To say the 507 is a handsome beast would be the understatement of the century. It’s an incredibly beautiful, well-engineered car but it was simply a case of wrong time, wrong place for this ravishing roadster and the fact that it was such a great car at the time makes its failure even more astonishing. Even though a large number of the original cars still survive prices nowadays are quite frankly ludicrous (we’re talking millions here) but then this is an extremely rare and sought-after piece of automotive history.
The legacy of the 507 lives on, however, through other, more modern BMW roadsters such as the Z3, Z4 and Z8, all of which can trace their lineage back to their big brother, taking inspiration and design cues from the 507. An ultimate driving machine indeed.
As for Elvis Presley’s red, 1957 car, it was re-discovered in a San Francisco barn in 2014 whereby it promptly left the building and headed to Munich to be painstakingly restored by BMW themselves at the hands of restoration expert Klaus Kutscher and his team of specialists who subsequently presented the now pristine car at the Concours d’Elegance in Pebble Beach, California in 2016 where it stole the show, mirroring a habit already established by its previous, celebrity owner.


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Analysis of Mortality
In his tragedy Hamlet, William Shakespeare explores and analyzes the concept of mortality and the inevitability of death through the development of Hamlet’s understanding and ideology regarding the purpose for living. Through Hamlet’s obsessive fascination in understanding the purpose for living and whether death is the answer, Shakespeare analyzes and interprets the meaning of different elements of mortality and death: The pain death causes to others, the fading of evidence of existence through death, and the reason for living. While due to the inevitable and unsolvable mystery of the uncertainty of death, as no being will ever empirically experience death and be able to tell the tale, Shakespeare offers an answer to the reason for living through an analysis of Hamlet’s development in understanding death.
Shakespeare shows the ideology of death internalizing within Hamlet first with Hamlet’s emotions following the death of Old Hamlet. In the scene in which Hamlet is introduced, Hamlet is portrayed as an embodiment of death, dressed in “suits of a solemn black”(1.2.81) and has “dejected havior of the visage”(1.2.84). Hamlet’s physical representation as death signifies his lack of desire to continue living himself, being detached and discontent with the world around him. Hamlet, in his first soliloquy, opens by stating, “Sullied flesh would melt/Thaw, and resolve itself into a dew,/ Or that the Everlasting had not fixed/His canon ‘gainst Self Slaughter!”(1.2.133-135). This is significant, as it shows Hamlet’s full willingness to commit suicide and end Hamlet’s internal pain, if not for suicide being a sin under religion. The reason for Hamlet’s desire for death and his dis...
... middle of paper ...
...ted. Hamlet states reflecting on the murders of Rosencrantz and Gildenstern, “Their defeat/Does by their own insinuation grow”(5.2.65-66). This mentality Hamlet has about these murders reveals Hamlet coming to terms with death and the implications of it.
Intro : Introduce the concept of death, and how the concept of death is shown to be something to be feared
1st Paragraph – Father being dead. Religion, Mother Death causing pain
2nd Paragraph – Father’s Ressurection Death giving reason to live
3rd Paragraph – Famous Soliliquy Negating his initial beliefs in death, does not kill himself in the uncertainty of death and stops believing
4th Paragraph – Yorrick’s Skull People can be forgotten
5th Paragraph – Ending brawl, and what that means People can be remembered
Conclusion – Hamlet is an analysis on death
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- ... This is highlighted in the way that he is trapped by the ‘avenger’s dilemma’, metaphorically in “Denmark’s prison,” not taking revenge will reduce him and will make him unfit to rule by his own standards, yet acting incurs eternal damnation. In Act 5, Scene 2, the result of Claudius’ corruption and Hamlet’s clouded judgement is the casual slaughtering of 5 characters and Hamlet is ultimately portrayed as the victim of corruption. Through Hamlet, Shakespeare explores how mankind is susceptible to corruption, creating a text that continues to be studied today.... [tags: Hamlet, Prince Hamlet, William Shakespeare]
1197 words (3.4 pages)
- ... The ghost is the final push that causes Hamlet to begin his decline into a whirlwind of angry emotions towards Claudius, his Uncle/Step-Father/New King/Murderer of his father. This sets Hamlet on a path to avenge his father by killing Claudius. Hamlet takes careful and contemplative steps towards establishing a plan to prove the guilt of Claudius and subsequently kill him. However, Hamlet eventually goes through another transition that causes him to lose his grip on the situation. Hamlet’s master plan to prove Claudius’ guilt work perfectly.... [tags: Hamlet, William Shakespeare, Characters in Hamlet]
1046 words (3 pages)
- In William Shakespeare’s Hamlet, one of the most evident and important themes is the theme of madness. The theme is apparent throughout the play, mainly through the actions and thoughts of Hamlet, Ophelia, and Laertes. Madness is defined as the quality or condition of mental illness or derangement (being insane). Madness is at the center of the conflicts and problems of the play and is conveyed through Shakespeare’s elaborate use of manipulation and parallels between Hamlet, Ophelia, and Laertes to contribute to Hamlet’s tragic character.... [tags: Hamlet, Shakespeare]
1161 words (3.3 pages)
- “So shall you hear of carnal, bloody, and unnatural acts, of accidental judgements, casual slaughters, of deaths put on by cunning and forced cause”, (Hamlet, Act V, Scene 2, Lines 381-384). Horatio, best friend of Prince Hamlet, says this in the final lines of the play. He says this after Gertrude, Queen of Denmark, Hamlet, Claudius, King of Denmark, and Laertes, son of Polonius all die in the battle between Hamlet and Laertes. Hamlet, King of Denmark, Rosencrantz and Guildenstern, former friends of Hamlet, Polonius, councillor to the King, and Ophelia, daughter of Polonius are also dead.... [tags: Shakespearean Literature]
579 words (1.7 pages)
- ... He worries about his lack of action, saying that he is simply grieving through words without taking his revenge. Because of this, Hamlet believes that he himself may be acting as well because he is not able to conjure up the emotion to avenge his father’s death. In Hamlet’s mind, the people of Denmark have not reacted enough in regards to the tragedy that has just occurred, while Holden would simply call them “phonies”. As a way to cope with the death of his brother, Holden trivializes most things and believes that the majority of people are “phonies” because they cry over minor events and movies and ignore the tragedies going on every day.... [tags: Hamlet, Tragedy, The Catcher in the Rye, Life]
1527 words (4.4 pages)
- ... However, even after all this happened, Hamlet still had a hint of doubt about the truth of the ghost and he wanted to rationalize its credibility. To do so, Hamlett “will stage a performance of a play which will reproduce Claudius’ crime and observe his reaction to it. This plan is successful as Claudius breaks down during the performance… (Shakespeare).” Claudius continues by leaving the play and going to pray for forgiveness. Hamlet follows him, hoping for an opportunity to kill him, but decides not to because he believes Claudius would go to heaven, since he was praying, rather than hell.... [tags: Hamlet, Characters in Hamlet, Gertrude, Polonius]
1351 words (3.9 pages)
- ... It is very interesting how the comic element is used to discuss death and mortality in a different way. The humor serves to enlighten Ophelia 's death tragic stress. The scene will make the audience laugh, as they will enjoy the relief of the tension that was normal throughout the play before. In the beginning of the scene, two gravediggers comment on the way that Ophelia is drowned. They are wittily wondering if she has been drowned accidentally or if it has been a suicide. One of the gravediggers comments, “Here lies the water-good.... [tags: Hamlet, Characters in Hamlet, Suicide]
1360 words (3.9 pages)
- His Thoughts Exactly Hamlet’s first soliloquy takes place in Act 1 scene 2. In his first soliloquy Hamlet lets out all of his inner feelings revealing his true self for the first time. Hamlet’s true self is full of distaste, anger, revenge, and is very much different from the artificial persona that he pretends to be anytime else. Overall, Hamlet’s first soliloquy serves to highlight and reveal Hamlet’s melancholy as well as his reasons for feeling such anguish. This revelation in Hamlet’s persona lays the groundwork for establishing the many themes in the play--suicide, revenge, incest, madness, corruption, and mortality.... [tags: Hamlet, Prince Hamlet, Characters in Hamlet]
1245 words (3.6 pages)
- ... The passage in which this revelation occurs is interesting in its tone. While it is considered to be one of the more serious of acts and scenes, it also is one of the most comedic due to the presence of the gravediggers. The gravediggers, being a part of the commoner’s class, participate in a sequence of dark humor in an attempt to appease the attending groundlings, touching upon topics such as a handicapped Adam somehow digging the first grave. Hamlet’s viewpoint on death and more importantly, suicide is revealed when the gravedigger desecrates a grave and starts “throwing skulls”.... [tags: peaceful, equalizer, power, position]
584 words (1.7 pages)
- Hamlet: Contrast Plays A Major Role In William Shakespeare's Hamlet, contrast plays a major role. Characters have foils, scenes and ideas contrast each other, sometimes within the same soliloquy. One such contrast occurs in Act Five, Scene One, in the graveyard. Here, the relatively light mood in the first half is offset by the grave and somber mood in the second half. The scene opens with two "clowns", who function as a sort of comic relief. This is necessary, after the tension of Ophelia's breakdown (and subsequent death), and after the ever-increasing complexities of the plot.... [tags: Shakespeare Hamlet Essays]
698 words (2 pages)

domain: artistic


text:
May 11, 2022 4:25:48 pm
On National Technology day, Indian consumer electronics brand Noise has announced the launch of a tech ‘incubator’ division: Noise Labs. Under the sub-brand, the company will invest in the development of new concepts and technologies that could potentially prove to be viable for widespread consumer adoption in the future.
Noise is known for making affordable and accessible electronic products including audio devices and smartwatches.
“Products developed by Noise Labs will probably be exclusive launches to specific audiences, not open for all and to start with. And once we see what kind of attraction it gets, and whether what we build gets accepted by the consumer or not, we will give it a wider launch,” Gaurav Khatri, cofounder of Noise tells indianexpress.com. Khatri says that the company plans to launch at least two new products every quarter under the new sub-brand.
According to Khatri, Noise Labs has already begun operations with an in-house team formed out of Noise’s current research and development division. After the launch, the company plans to onboard more talent, especially “students from great colleges and other individuals and startups that are already working on creating new products and technologies.”
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Once onboarded, these members will have access to Noise’s research, development, design, testing, manufacturing and distribution resources.
Khatri says that Noise Labs will be producing products that use technologies “that have not yet been experienced by Indian consumers.”
When asked whether launches under Noise Labs will be priced at a premium because of their limited production run and narrow distribution, Khatri told indianexpress.com that the company is not going to prioritise pricing and profitability for products coming out under the new venture.
🗞 Subscribe Now: Get Express Premium to access our in-depth reporting, explainers and opinions 🗞
- The Indian Express website has been rated GREEN for its credibility and trustworthiness by Newsguard, a global service that rates news sources for their journalistic standards.


Nielsen says the number of TV households has increased by 400,000 to 114.9 million, the smallest increase in the last decade.
Nielsen announced the bump as it prepares to start rating the new TV season for 2090-2010.
Nielsen said that the top 10 markets remain relatively the same. But there was some shuffling in the top 10. Seattle moved up from 14 to 13 and Denver from 18 to 16, with Tampa, Miami and Cleveland each dropping down one spot.
The Florida markets were two of four top 100 markets that declined due to what Nielsen called "domestic migration."
New Orleans had the biggest percentage increase, 5.2%, and moved up from 53 to 51 as residents continued to return after their flight from Hurricane Katrina.
New York added the most homes (59,710), and Waco made the biggest jump in rank, from 94 to 89.
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This is to inform all the shortlisted firms that in pursuant to letter no. SJD/ADM/S-1/2015-2016/392, Samdrup Jongkhar Divisional Forest Office Committee is pleased to award the work for “Preparation of detail estimates, drawing, design and supervision of construction of the proposed office of the Chief Forestry Officer, Samdrup Jongkhar” to M/s LT Associates, Thimphu at negotiated amount of Nu.13, 30,000.00(Ngultrum Thirteen Lakhs Thirty Thousand Only).
The firm scored the combined technical and financial score of 87.8%.The work is awarded vide letter no.SJD/ADM/S-1/2015-2016/580 dated 22/12/15 based on the work awarding committee meeting held on 2nd of December, 2015 in the office of Chief Forest officer.
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text:
Morpeth pupils learn news after 2,500 years—Athenians win Marathon Battle
- Credit: Morpeth School
Sixthform students studying Ancient History at an east London school have returned from Athens to see where the ancient battle of Marathon was played out for real.
The aim of the four-day trip was to put in context their study of Alexander the Great and the wars between ancient Greece and the Persian Empire, all part of their GCSE course at Bethnal Green’s Morpeth Secondary.
They visited site of the Battle of Marathon fought in 490BC and learned how the Athenians defeated the invading Persian forces and how the 26-mile race to bring news of the Greek victory eventually led to the famous Marathon race.
“It is remarkable how the original battlefield remains unspoiled today,” Morpeth’s Cathie Louis said. “The tomb containing the remains of the 192 Athenians is still intact more than 2,500 years after the battle.”
The sixthform students explored the Parthenon which sits on the top of the famous Acropolis and built to celebrate the victory, serving as a symbol of values which are still fought for today—freedom of speech, thought and democracy.
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They visited the Acropolis Museum after running a class Marathon, calculating each pupil and staff member having to run seven laps of the Panatheanic Stadium to cover the distance.
They also saw the original bust of Alexander the Great and of Plutarch, one of the ancient historians the pupils study for their GCSE.
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The Parthenon is a mix of the practical and the mythical, built as the City’s treasury and the site of a great dual between Poseidon and Athena for patronage of the city, the students learned.
Athena won, of course, as Athens is her city. Her victory is symbolised by the olive tree that sprang forth at her summoning—and no school trip to Athens would be complete without a class photo at the mythical tree.

domain: history


A global community of nature enthusiasts
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The ghost pipefish has variable colors probably determined by their surroundings. This individual was a male due to the lack of a brooding pouch. Interestingly scientists believe that all individuals are males until based on some environmental or social cues change into females. It is interesting to observe them feeding on small crustaceans.
Crinoids, black corals, gorgonians, or soft corals.


text:
A rising baseball player Kumar Nambiar from Westchester county will be the first Indian-American student athlete to be honoured as the “New York State Player of the Year,” media reported.
Nambiar, a 2015 graduate of Mamaroneck High School, will be felicitated on Sunday during the 16th annual Heritage of India Festival at Kensico Dam Plaza County Park, Daily Voice newspaper quoted the event organisers as saying.
The Indian American Cultural Association of Westchester (IACAW), that serves the Indian community of Westchester County, will organise the event.
Playing as a pitcher — the player who delivers the ball to the batsman – Nambiar was a key player who helped his team, Mamaroneck High Tigers, win the Section 1 Class AA State Championship in May, the report said.
Nambiar will be pitching for Yale University next season.
“Baseball stardom is considered rare among Asian Indians. Nambiar might even be the first Indian-American named a state high school baseball Player of the Year anywhere in the US,” Sid Mehta, volunteer broadcaster for Bedford Central School District TV and Fox Lane Foxes varsity sports, said.
Few Indian-Americans across the country play baseball beyond Little League.
Hardly any of them become the ace of their pitching staff as Nambiar has or named the most valuable player (MVP) of the varsity team, the report added.
“Nambiar is a true trail-blazer in the Indian-American community here in the Westchester county,” Mehta added.(IANS0


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Top 10 IWitness Activities of 2015
As 2015 comes to an end our education team takes a look at the 10 IWitness activities most assigned by educators.
All activities are available to use in your classroom for free. Discover more activities in IWitness by searching the library of ready-made activities in several languages or customize your own.
Through an analysis of testimony, students learn about the resistance efforts that took place in the Auschwitz camp complex and about the meaning of resistance in the context of the Holocaust in this mini quest activity, Auschwitz – Inner Strength, Outward Resistance. Learn more
In this mini quest activity, students consider the personal experiences of those who arrived on the ramp at Auschwitz-Birkenau. Students explore images from the Auschwitz Album, showing the arrival of Hungarian Jewish men, women and children in 1944, as well as, listen to survivors who endured a similar process. Learn more
In this video building activity, students listen to testimonies in IWitness, develop insight into the opportunities for change in their community, get motivated to make a difference and build a video essay telling their story of how they made their community and our world a better place. The IWitness Video Challenge highlights the extraordinary change that can occur when ordinary people make positive choices. Are you and your students ready to make a difference? Learn more
In this mini quest activity asks students to consider artwork produced as a response to the experience of Auschwitz-Birkenau and to produce their own artistic responses to what they learned. Learn more
In this activity, students will engage with testimonies of individuals who experienced the Kristallnacht pogrom. They will learn about the experiences of these individuals, as well as the larger effects on Germany, Austria and the Jewish community in Europe. Additionally, students will gather information from both primary and secondary sources related to this event in order to construct a word cloud, or "word picture." Learn more
In this Information Quest students are introduced to three child survivors of Auschwitz, who were close in age to secondary school students of today when they lived through the Holocaust. Learn more
This video building activity draws on the basic human need to tell stories and share personal experiences with others. My Story Matters focuses on the importance of individuals sharing stories of survival for their own benefit, for the benefit of others, and for the collective benefit to the world. Learn more
In the video activity students examine the issue of civil rights and the presence of racism in society through the lens of the 1936 Berlin Olympics and construct a video project that illustrates the prominence of racism in both the United States and Europe during this period. Students are introduced to the civil rights abuses under Hitler during this period, as well as the personal story of black American Olympian track star Jesse Owens, whose civil rights were also curtailed at this time – in the United States. Learn more
This Information Quest is designed for students to learn about the experiences of Paula Lebovics, a Holocaust survivor who was imprisoned in the Auschwitz-Birkenau concentration camp as a child. Students learn about the Auschwitz camp complex and engage in close reading of the testimony of one Holocaust survivor who was imprisoned there. Students also identify content-specific words and reflect on their significance to the text, their peers and to themselves. The final product is a Word Cloud. Learn more
Kurt Messerschmidt is one of the most recognizable faces on IWitness, and his Information Quest allows students to learn more about his life and how he survived the Holocaust. Students will engage with their assigned story using a built-in tool that enables each to create a word cloud, a fitting title, a meaningful quotation, and a personal response to reflect individual feelings and perceptions about the story. Learn more
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domain: library


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OMAHA, Neb. (AP) — Rural bankers in 10 Midwest and Plains states worry that Missouri River flooding will hurt the region's economy.
Their concerns were included in the monthly Rural Mainstreet survey released Thursday.
Larry Winum, president of Glenwood State Bank in Iowa, said flooding will hurt the agriculture and business sectors and have a negative impact on riverside communities.
Meanwhile, the Rural Mainstreet Index rose to 56.0 from May's 54.9. Anytime the index, which ranges from 0 to 100, is over 50, it suggests the economy will expand over the next six months.
Bankers in rural parts of Colorado, Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota and Wyoming are surveyed. Creighton University professor Ernie Goss oversees the survey.
Copyright 2011 The Associated Press.

domain: geography


TOKYO, Feb 28 (Reuters) - Japan’s Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group said Nobuyuki Hirano, chief of its core banking unit, will become company president -- a move that comes at time when Japanese banks are under pressure to expand further overseas, particularly in investment banking.
Hirano, 61, will replace Katsunori Nagayasu, whose tenure was marked by large-scale acquisitions in the wake of the global financial crisis.
Hirano, who has spent over a decade in the United States, is a fluent English speaker -- rare among Japanese bank executives -- and is regarded as a tough negotiator despite his soft-spoken manner.
Under Nagayasu’s helm, MUFG acquired full control of California-based UnionBanCal Corp for $3.5 billion and took a 22 percent stake in Morgan Stanley for $9 billion.
MUFG, which has $2.45 trillion in assets, has like other Japanese rivals, also successfully taken advantage of its relatively sound financial base to build loans overseas as European lenders shrink their assets. It ranked No. 1 among global project finance mandated arrangers in 2012, Thomson Reuters data shows.
But the commercial loan business is only expected to take MUFG so far.
Loan demand at home is unlikely to pick up any time soon and domestic banks have amassed huge holdings of Japanese government bonds as there are not enough borrowers to absorb their piles of deposit money.
Japanese banks have a relatively limited presence in the global investment banking market, but are hoping to increase their presence in areas such as bond and share issue underwriting.
MUFG runs two investment banking joint ventures with Morgan Stanley in Japan, competing with industry heavy weights Nomura Holdings and Daiwa Securities Group Inc.
Hirano’s appointment, which was widely expected, takes effect April 1.


West Covina’s Mayor Stripped of Title After Possible Drug Overdose
Mike Spence is out as mayor of West Covina amid reports of drug use and a possible heroin overdose he may have suffered at a Costa Mesa hotel this month. Spence offered his resignation Thursday, effective June 1. But that wasn’t soon enough for the council which voted to strip him of his largely ceremonial title immediately.
Spence has maintained his council seat, but a new mayor will be chosen on June 5.
Authorities say they were responding to a 911 call shortly after midnight on May 4 when they found Spence in a hotel room surrounded by drugs and paraphernalia. They have since released audio of the 911 call, available here, in which a woman says Spence is “unconscious” and that “he may have overdosed" on heroin.
Spence apologized Thursday for the “distraction” and criticized people who show insensitivity to those struggling with addiction. He has previously denied knowing the 911 caller, who described herself as a friend, and said he was not under the influence of drugs.
This is not the first time Spence has faced allegations of drug use. The councilman was ordered to serve three months' probation in 2016 for driving under the influence of methamphetamine.


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Relax and enjoy in this spacious house. It is the perfect hideout spot, there is a security camera so guests can see who is coming for added security
“Clive’s place is great, location and safety wise. It was also spotless and his manager Maxine was prompt to respond to every issue we encountered. Two things we’d suggest are 1) maybe an air mattress in the place or a couple more pillows and blankets. There are only two beds so if you’re not traveling with couples, saying the house sleeps four or more is not quite true unless there are other places for the other people to sleep. The couches worked in a pinch and were great for resting/chilling but weren’t super comfy for a long night’s rest 2) when you stay here, don’t leave any food trash in the garbage can and take out your trash everyday. It’s an island and there are ants around. Lots of ants if you leave food out. Just be smart about it. Otherwise, very lovely place.”
This lovely house is in a quiet neighbourhood very close to the Main Road and May Pen Town Centre. It feels like a home away from home. If your trip is for business or pleasure, this is the ideal place to stay. The property is spotless, safe and comfortable. It compries of grills on windows, electric gate and a 8 lens 24 hr security camera for your safety and peace of mind. There is also off street parking for 2 cars. This is the perfect place to stay for a relaxing atmosphere.
“Great place to stay, apartment is spotless, all the essentials are here and the Host is very welcoming.”
Come as our guests, stay as a family This home is close to May Pen Town Centre (5 mins) and Kingston (40 mins). You will be able to enjoy the luxurious home and scenic neighboring community with access to your own private rooms. Evans Heights is suited to a variety of people such as couples, solo adventurers, business travelers and families (with children). Daily tours and excursions can be arranged. Only breakfast is provided.
“Beautiful home in nice, safe neighborhood. Our host, Junior Campbell, was warm and friendly. Communication with his son, Anton, who manages the bookings, and with father, Junior, who is your onsite host, was exceptional. I was given a ride to and from work. I hesitate to say anything negative but need to let future lodgers know that the arrangement is 1-3 bedrooms with en-suite bathrooms within the host's own home. Kitchen, living room, and all common spaces are shared. I was a short stay solo business traveler so arrangement was satisfactory, but this may not be ideal for longer stay or family/group.”

domain: travel


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I dove head first into this project, and very nearly broke my neck. More than once. There are so many pitfalls and most of the items are precariously balanced against one another, so that moving the wrong piece are the wrong time at best results in a large sliver or gash, at worst, decapitation. It's almost like a life-size Jenga puzzle.
I have approached it as such, by first cleaning out the area I will soon inhabit. I have some some preliminary work, like setting up shelving and scaffolding (to serve as temporary shelving) both inside and out. But once this room is set up, I can stop sleeping on the floor. That was this weekends accomplishment. Tonight, I moved some more wood around and cleaned out the tool kit. After all, I must have access to the tools I need if I am going to make this easy. So a lot of this work is going to be organizing.
Expect more daily posts with photos to kept track of my progress, for now, this. It's a start.

domain: hobby


"Brett Favre's accomplishments over his NFL career are unparalleled, but we will remember him most of all for his love of the game," said McDonell. "Our special issue celebrates his greatest moments and commemorates a soaring career."
The 84-page magazine will have print run of 850,000 copies and will be sold nationally at Barnes & Noble, Borders, Wal-Mart and on Amazon.com, as well locally at retailers in Wisconsin including, Walgreens, Shopko and Roundy's. The special commemorative will be sold at a price of $7.99.
The limited-edition commemorative features an original essay by SI senior writer Peter King, a photo essay by SI photographer John Biever and a look at Favre's career through the pages and images of Sports Illustrated. Favre has appeared on the cover of SI eight times during his career with the Packers. His first cover was the January 15, 1996, issue with the billing, "Bring on the Cowboys."
Highlights from the commemorative:
· Excerpts and photos chronicling every one of Favre's seasons in Green Bay.
· A special tribute from players and fans.
· A by-the-numbers breakdown of Favre's career.
· A gallery of Brett Favre covers through the years.
As with all commemorative editions from SI, the special collector's issue is in addition to the weekly publishing schedule.


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This cushion has been made from a piece of cloth taken from a rare and genuine japanese kimono worn by a young lady dating from the 1950's. The fabric originates from the Niigata region in Japan which has been a main producer of kimono silk for over one hundred years.
I hope you can display and enjoy this cushion as if a beautiful work of art or sculpture. Much of the cloth I use is hand embroidered or hand-printed and I think this is a wonderful way of preserving such an ancient and revered craft.
100% silk cover
Measures 30cm x 30cm.
Has a duck feather filler and non-removebale cover.
Spot clean only / professional dry clean.


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We are excited to welcome Cathy Potosky to our Guest Design Team. Cathy is up on the blog today sharing a beautiful Embrace Imperfection Canvas, that's sure to inspire you. Sit back and relax and learn all about how she created her first project for us!
Happy April Everyone. Cathy here with my first project for Southern Ridge Trading Company and I'm so honoured to be here.
So lets get started! I saw the Queen of Hearts Window and had to have it and had an idea already brewing. But, as it happens, a completely different idea came to be! I love there are two parts to this window and I did use it as separate parts for this one.
On the solid panel I layered a piece of TH Etcetera Paper, inked the edges with Walnut Stain Distress and adhered with collage medium.
For the window pane itself I embossed it in Patina Oxide, one of the new Baked Texture Powders from Emerald Creek.
I found an old book page in my stash, cut it down to size and embossed the piece with Baked Texture Vintage Beeswax, while it was still hot I threw on some Patina Oxide. I adhered this to the window pane piece with Glossy Accents.
While I let my window pieces dry completely, I prepped my 6X6 canvas board. I used another page of TH Etcetera paper cut to 5 3/4 X 5 3/4 and once glued down, I edged the board with Baked Textrue Dirty Sand.
I then moved on to my smaller pieces that I wanted to include. I have a butterfly, leafy branch and a Demask corner.
I embossed the Demask corner with the Patina Oxide as well and my leafy branch was done with patina Oxide for the leaves and Burnt Copper Leaves for the branch part.
Yes I do love embossing...a lot!! But for my butterfly I wanted a bit of shimmer so I just used my fingers and rubbed on some of the Finnabair Waxes in Lucky Emerald, Amethyst Magic and Ages Brass. And this chipboard takes this wax so wonderfully!
And here is the completed canvas! I added the demask corner and leafy branch first, then layered my first panel next and the window pane last. I added a TH word band and a saying from the TH Chit chat booklet.
Here are a few close ups of the finished elements!
Southern Ridge Trading Company Products Used:
Other Supplies Used:
- Emerald Creek Craft Supplies/Seth Apter: Baked Texture Patina Oxide, Baked Texture Vintage Beeswax and Baked Texture Dirty Sand
- Tim Holtz Idea-ology: Etcetera Paper
- Tim Holtz for Ranger Ink: Walnut Stain Distress Ink and Distress Collage Medium
- Ranger Ink: Glossy Accents
- Prima Marketing: Finnabair Metallique Wax in Aged Brass, Amethyst Magic and Lucky Emerald
- Be Creative Tape
Thanks for having a look and have a wonderful week!


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Pep Guardiola was delighted with the way Man City bounced back to winning ways and is now targeting a record haul of points.
City suffered their first Premier League defeat of the season when losing 4-3 against Liverpool last weekend, but order was restored with a 3-1 win over Newcastle at the Etihad Stadium in the late kick off on Saturday.
Sergio Aguero fired a hat-trick for the hosts, with Jacob Murphy briefly making it interesting at 2-1 with a breakaway goal for the Magpies.
Guardiola was delighted with the response of his players to the loss at Anfield and now wants his side to demonstrate their dominance by setting a new points record for a Premier League season.
"We need 10 more wins to be champions, and we'll try for more points," said Guardiola. "It was an outstanding performance, often against 11 players behind the ball [but] we were patient, and we found the space really well. They crossed the halfway just once and scored, but we're so happy.
"We reacted really well after dropping points before. It's not how many goals you score, it's how many chances you create, it's how many chances your keeper has to save. It was important how we reacted at 2-1 - we didn't panic."

domain: sports


"A good drummer listens as much as he plays." ~ Indian ProverbInternational Shipping Contact Us
Drums & Percussion
Drum Sets & Cymbals
LP Hardware, Accessories & Replacement Parts
Middle-East Drums & Percussion
African Drums & Accessories
Chinese & Eastern Drums & Percussion
Irish Drums & Percussion
Orchestra Bells & Chimes
Drum & Percussion Hardware
Samba Pattern for Atabaque & Congas
Here is a basic Samba pattern for Atabaque. These same patterns work perfectly well for congas.
O = Open note played at the edge of the drum.
C = Closed, or muffled note played near to or at the center of the drum head.
S = Slap note played at the centre of the drum head (slightly off to one side).
Open notes are played at the edge of the drum. The two closed notes in the middle of each set of four are played half way between the edge and the middle of the drum head (these notes are played more softly than the other notes; almost with just the fingertips). The closed and slap strokes on the beats of 2+ and 3 are played at the center of the drum head.
Therefore the hands are making a constant motion towards the centre of the drum and away again. Getting this in and out motion to work smoothly is the secret of playing the rhythm. As you practice do forget to include the accents.


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Spa Breaks in South East ( Remove filters)
Play And Relax
East Sussex National Golf Resort and Spa
One Nights Bed & Breakfast, 3 Course Dinner, 1 x Mini Treatment (Radiance Facial, Firming Eye treatment, Relaxing Back Massage, Salt and Oil Scrub, Mini Manicure or Pedicure) for one guest and a round of golf for one. Full use of the Health Club Facilities (Gymnasium, Swimming Pool, Sauna, Steam Room and Jacuzzi), complementary bath robe and slippers are also included. (25 min treatment)
One Night Winter Detox Break
Ashford International Hotel
One Nights Bed & Breakfast, £26 allocation per person towards dinner, a Detox Experience including a full body brush, 1 x 60 minute detoxifying body wrap, plus choice of 1 x 15 minute mini treatment from: back massage or leg massage, two-course lunch, a Detox cocktail, guide to nutrition and full use of the facilities
One Night Express Break
Savill Court Hotel & Spa
One Nights Bed & Breakfast, 3 Course Table D’Hote dinner, 1 x 25 minute ESPA Express treatment per person, full use of the leisure facilities with robe, towel and slippers for the day
Sunday Night Special
Grayshott Health Spa
One Nights Dinner, Bed & Breakfast, pre-dinner ‘nibbles’ and fruit cocktails in the Bubbles lounge at 6pm, Lunch on day of departure and full use of the spa facilities
PLUS 10% OFF treatments pre-booked directly
Rebalancing Spa Break
One Nights Bed & Breakfast, choice of 1 x 55 minute treatment from: Luxury Facial (excluding Try- Emzyme), Full Body Massage, Classic Pedicure, Luxury Manicure, Face and Body Combo, Face and Eye Combo or Body Combo and full use of the spa facilities
One Night Sunday Spa Package
One Night's Dinner, Bed & Breakfast, choice of 1 x 30 minute treatment from: Elemis Facial or Elemis Massage and full use of Health Spa & leisure facilities, spa garden, hot tub, sauna, steam, 4 swimming pools, lagoon pool, tennis courts, techno gym and kinesis, exercise classes and par 3 - 9 hole golf course.
Gourmet Wine & Dine
Felbridge Hotel and Spa
One Night's Accommodation, 4 Course Dinner in Anise, bottle of house wine per couple, breakfast in the Bay Tree Restaurant and full use of facilities from 3pm on the day of arrival to 11am on the day of departure.
One Night Mini Revitalise Spa Break
One Nights Bed & Breakfast, £50 spa voucher per person, and full use of the spa facilities
Sunday Surrey Escape
Lingfield Park Marriott Hotel and Country Club
One Nights Bed & Breakfast, 30 min treatment and full use of the facilities.
Plus 10% OFF additional treatments booked directly
Stress Free Sunday
One Nights Bed and Breakfast in a Standard Double, 25 minute Back, neck & shoulder massage per person, Lunch in Leftbank on Sunday, use of the indoor spa facilities, Robe and slippers provided.
Please Note - A 2 night restriction may apply during the Summer
One Night Taste of the Country
Spread Eagle Hotel & Spa
One Nights Bed & Breakfast in double room, 2 course dinner, and full use of the spa facilities


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Palm, which also announced that it has finalized plans to spin off its PalmSource software division, will purchase Handspring in a stock deal.
The transaction will grant Handspring stockholders 0.09 of a share of Palm--and no shares of PalmSource--for each share of Handspring common stock.
Because the deal is for Palm shares that exclude the value of PalmSource, it is difficult to calculate an exact dollar value. However, the deal valued Handspring shares at some amount below Tuesday's closing price of $1.11, based on Tuesday's closing price for Palm. Shares of both companies climbed Wednesday on word of the deal.
Executives expect that the Palm Solutions Group, the company's hardware arm, will merge operations with Handspring in July, creating a new hardware company with a new name. The spinoff of PalmSource will occur at the same time, they said.
By adding Handspring's Treo hybrid cell phone/PDA to its own line of personal digital assistants, Palm believes it can create a much broader product line and a stronger presence in an increasingly crowded handheld market. It also expects to gain from access to Handspring's technology and to the company's relationships with resellers and cellular service providers. At the same time, Palm anticipates cost savings and will bring back some of its former stars.
Eric Benhamou, Palm's CEO, said on a conference call Wednesday that the combination is "essential" as competition among handhelds and so-called smart phones mounts, especially from heavyweights Microsoft and Nokia.
Palm is the No. 1 seller of PDAs, but the company has been hit by slowing demand for handhelds and increased competition from new entrants, including Dell Computer. PDA shipments were down 21 percent during the first quarter, according to IDC. Shipments have been slumping for the past few quarters.
Both Palm and Handspring reported losses for their most recent quarters. Company executives expressed optimism that a united front would bring financial rewards.
"We will be able to get to profitability sooner together than separately," Handspring CEO Donna Dubinsky said on the conference call.
Palm and Handspring co-founder
Jeff Hawkins says desktops and
notebooks will become accessories
to combo cell phone organizers.
The deal also brings full circle the relationship between the two companies. Handspring founders Jeff Hawkins--who invented the first Palm handheld--and Dubinsky established Palm in 1992 and were the top names at the company until they left in 1998 to start Handspring. Handspring became one the first outside companies to license Palm's operating system.
Hawkins and Dubinsky will help lead the company toward its new goals. With the PalmSource software operation running on its own, Palm will become a hardware company and can get to work on bolstering its brand and its market share in the handheld market.
A shift in the marketplace
The Handspring acquisition won't necessarily boost Palm's share of the PDA market or improve its near-term prospects against competitors such as Hewlett-Packard that use Microsoft's operating system software or others such as Sony that use the Palm OS, said analysts, who were generally favorable toward the deal.
But the deal should help Palm accelerate its entry into the emerging market for devices that join PDA and cell phone features by giving it an entire line of current and future products as well as sales channels. Over time, the hybrids have the potential to sell many more units than the PDAs from which they derive, analysts said. Launching the right product at the proper time could dramatically improve Palm's prospects, boosting its unit sales and profitability.
The deal allows Palm, which has been hesitant to enter the market for the hybrids, to get in without much risk, said Steve Baker, analyst with NPD Techworld.
"The downside to Palm is so minimal that there's really no risk for it to do this," Baker said. "The synergies on the back end include a lot of things Handspring has been doing to support the Treo as a phone/e-mail device that may allow Palm to develop the category faster and or take advantage of with some of its existing products, such as the Tungsten W."
But the merged company still could experience rough waters in the early going. Shipments of what research firm Gartner calls converged devices aren't expected to overtake PDAs until around the end of 2005, according to Todd Kort, an analyst with Gartner. Between now and then, there will be a lot of experimentation with new products.
"There's a lot of interest in the product," Kort said. But for the time being, he added, "there are a lot of tradeoffs involved. Probably by that time (late 2005), someone will have hit on a formula of tradeoffs that are acceptable to a wide enough group of people."
Gartner sees PDA shipments reaching about 12 million units in 2003, while cell phone sales will hit somewhere between about 450 million and 500 million units. But converged devices will be lucky to reach 3 million units, Kort said.
Ultimately, he said, "even if you get 5 percent of the people who buy cell phones to buy a converged device, that's going to be larger than the number of PDAs sold."
In addition, the deal helps Palm bolster its defenses against a Microsoft siege. Though Palm remains the leading seller of PDAs, products based on Microsoft's Windows CE operating system and the Pocket PC software, such as Hewlett-Packard's iPaq, have been steadily gaining market position over the past few years. Microsoft has also launched software that extends Pocket PC to hybrids of PDAs and cellular phones.
The deal also marks the end of Handspring's struggles. The company's Visor PDA was once second in market share to its Palm counterpart. But Handspring had seen a string of quarterly losses as it tried to make a transition away from PDAs to focus only on the Treo.
With the company having blown out most of its inventory of Visor products, "Handspring's PDA sales were going to be near zero this quarter, and it pretty much stuffed Sprint and T-Mobile with Treo," Kort said. "You have to give Donna (Dubinsky) credit for managing to sell the company now, before things got worse."
But even though Palm suffered through about two years of mediocre product planning decisions, said Kort, "I think Palm is starting to bounce back. Its new models, the Zire and Tungsten C, are doing pretty well."
Combining the operations of the two companies could lead to reduced costs, margin increases and revenue enhancements, said Paul Coster, an analyst at J.P. Morgan.
On the downside, he cautioned, "let's not forget the context here, which is that the market is still weak and both companies are unprofitable. Handspring had a serious issue with respect to liquidity. I think it's really bailing out Handspring investors, but that aside I think it's a good thing," Coster said.
Handspring will be given a $10 million line of credit from Palm in order to continue its business while the deal closes. An additional $10 million will also be available if needed, according to Judy Bruner, chief financial officer of Palm.
Palm expects the new company to see approximately $25 million in cost savings annually after the deal, a result of increased manufacturing volumes and the elimination of overlapping programs. Part of those savings will come from job cuts. Palm expects to eliminate 125 people from its overall work force and to get rid of duplication in facilities.
In the company that forms from the union of Handspring and the Palm Solutions Group, that group's CEO, Todd Bradley, will become chief executive of the new company. Hawkins will be named chief technology officer, and Dubinsky will sit on the board of directors. The new company headquarters will be at the current Palm offices in Milpitas, Calif.
The new company will consist of two business units: Handheld Computing Solutions for marketing Palm PDAs, and Smartphone Solutions for marketing Treo and like products. Ken Wirt, Palm Solutions' senior vice president of sales and marketing, will run the handheld computing unit. Ed Colligan, Handspring's president, will run the Smartphone Solutions unit, Palm said in a statement.The board will consist of seven members from the current Palm board plus three members of the current Handspring board, including John Doerr, Bruce Dunlevie and Dubinsky. Benhamou will continue as chairman of the merged company as well as of PalmSource. PalmSource CEO David Nagel will leave the Palm board. Handspring shareholders will own about 32.2 percent of the new company, and Palm shareholders will own about 67.8 percent. The deal is subject to government and shareholder approval In trading Wednesday, Palm shares soared 19 percent to close at $14.44, up $2.29. Handspring was up 17 cents, or 15 percent, to $1.28.


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Revolution is the first DLC map pack for Call of duty Black Ops II (BO2) and contains 4 new multiplayer maps (Hydro, Grind, Downhill and Mirage), 1 new zombies co-op map (Die Rise), a new zombies gamemode (Turned), where you play as a zombie, and for the first time in Call of Duty history a gun DLC (The Peacekeeper), which is an SMG.
The map pack can be bought as a stand alone DLC or you can by the DLC Season Pass, which allows you to download all the Black Ops 2 DLC for a single, discounted price.
This map takes place in a skate park in Venice, California. With a lot of curved side, this brings a new style of map layout.
Set in the French Alps, Downhill is the first snow map on Black Ops 2 multiplayer. With moving cable cars to watch out for.
A luxury resort in the Gobi Desert that has been swept by a sand storm, which has left sand dune, allowing access to 2nd floor windows.
Multiplayer Weapon DLC
This takes place in a series of crumbling skyscrapers. I think the name Die Rise is a play on words with ‘high rise’.
In this all new Zombie game mode, Treyarch have listened to fan and now it is possible to play as a zombie, in which you have to kill a lone human player, if you achieve this then you become the lone human.


- Sugababes on launching ‘MKS’Posted 12 mins ago
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- Benedict Cumberbatch and Ed Sheeran on The Hobbit : The Desolation of SmaugPosted 2 days ago
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This Club as Gaeilge for Radió Rí-Rá
This Club Front man Johnny Holden talks to Sinéad about why the band contributed to this year’s Irish language pop album Radió Rí-Rá le Hector which also features the likes of The Coronas, Keywest, Bitches With Wolves, Walking On Cars, Maud In Cahoots, Republic of Loose, The Pale and Robb Murphy.
The album is available for free with Foinse in The Irish Independent in Centra and SuperValu shops in the Republic of Ireland on Wednesday, 17 April 2013, while fans can order a free copy by emailing email@example.com.


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Agriculture investment platform Harvest Returns has reached the milestone of raising over $5 million in global private placement farming opportunities.
Harvest Returns has emerged as one of the leading agriculture investing platforms within the past few years. The company is disrupting agriculture finance by providing producers and agribusiness entrepreneurs with a streamlined, flexible source of capital. The demand for curated risk-adjusted opportunities in a compelling asset class previously inaccessible to individual investors continues to rise.
Harvest Returns Chief Executive Officer Chris Rawley is proud of the work his team has done, as this marks a significant achievement for the company.
“Agriculture is a rapidly evolving space, being driven by technology, fragmented consumer preferences, and most recently, disrupted food supply chains,” said Rawley. “We’re focusing on a few different verticals that we see offer the most growth potential for our investors, including indoor agriculture and grass-fed livestock.”
The company has helped grass-fed cattle and sheep producers raise $2.5 million, while funding vertical farms and other specialty growers across the country and overseas.
“We’re passionate about helping small and mid-sized farmers start and expand their operations, while contributing towards a more resilient and healthy food system,” notes Rawley.
David Nicola is CEO of Blackdirt Farms, a grass-fed cattle producer in the Southeastern United States that has completed two successful raises on the company’s investment platform.
“We are very pleased with the results of our partnership with Harvest Returns as it provided access to a base of investors outside Blackdirt’s existing network and proved to be an effective platform for raising capital,” said Nicola.
Since establishment in 2016, Harvest Returns has distributed over $600,000 in returns to platform investors. The company reports a community of over 5,000 investors and nearly 700 farmers, ranchers, and agribusinesses.


Ribbed Criss Cross Pullover
Ready to wear for: work, a lunch date or a casual get-together
- 83% Acrylic, 17% Viscose
- Machine wash, inside out, cold water, gentle cycle. Wash similar colors together.
- Do not bleach.
- Dry flat and reshape while still wet.
- Iron at low setting.
- Dry clean.


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LONDON--(BUSINESS WIRE)--The adoption of concrete is increasing significantly owing to factors such as the rapid urbanization, an increasing number of construction projects, and new highway projects. Naphthalene is used as a superplasticizer to produce high-strength concrete. Thus, the increasing adoption of concrete is expected to increase the demand for naphthalene, thereby, fueling the market growth during the forecast period. Furthermore, this industry research report also presents a competitive analysis of the market by application (naphthalene sulfonates, phthalic anhydride, and others) and geography (APAC, Europe, MEA, North America, and South America).
Competitive vendor landscape
The global naphthalene market is highly competitive with major vendors such as Himadri Specialty Chemical Ltd, JFE Holdings, Inc., Koppers Inc., NIPPON STEEL & SUMITOMO METAL CORPORATION., and Rain Industries Limited, competing based on price, quality, and market presence.
“Naphthalene is increasingly being used to manufacture chemical intermediates such as phthalic anhydride, alkylated naphthalene solvents, naphthalene sulfonates, and azo dyes. These intermediates are used to manufacture various drugs which are utilized in the prevention of microbial infections. Thus, the rising use of naphthalene for manufacturing intermediates is expected to fuel the growth of the market during the forecast period,” says a senior analyst at Technavio.
Top five naphthalene market vendors
Himadri Specialty Chemical Ltd
Himadri Specialty Chemical Ltd. is one of the leading manufacturers of carbon materials and chemicals such as carbon black, coal tar pitch, and naphthalene derivatives. The company offers various naphthalene derivatives such as technical-grade naphthalene flakes, special-grade naphthalene flakes, super refined naphthalene, and naphthalene mothballs.
JFE Holdings, Inc.
JFE Holdings, Inc. owns and operates businesses in three major segments, including steel, engineering, and trading. JFE Steel Corporation, one of the group companies of JFE Holdings, produces naphthalene. JFE Steel Corporation's subsidiary, JFE Chemical Corporation, produces 95% naphthalene, refined naphthalene, and phthalic anhydride.
Koppers Inc. has its operations in various segments, including railroad and utility products and services; performance chemicals; and carbon materials and chemicals. The company produces creosote, carbon pitch, naphthalene, and phthalic anhydride. The company derives naphthalene from coal tar at production plants in North America, Europe, Australia, and China.
NIPPON STEEL & SUMITOMO METAL CORPORATION.
NIPPON STEEL & SUMITOMO METAL CORPORATION manufactures and distributes pitch coke, pitch, naphthalene, and phthalic anhydride. The company also operates in other segments such as new materials, system solutions, steelmaking and steel fabrication, and engineering and construction. C-Chem CO. Ltd, the company’s subsidiary, produces 95% naphthalene and phthalic anhydride.
Rain Industries Limited
Rain Industries Limited is one of the most established manufacturers of naphthalene, benzene, carbolic oil, resins and modifiers, aromatic chemicals, superplasticizers, and other specialty products. Rain Carbon Inc., a subsidiary of the company, and RÜTGERS work together to produce naphthalene used for producing phthalic anhydride and PNS/PCE liquids.
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Ecology. J.F. Appressoria are produced, which in turn produce vesicles, from which entry into the substomatal cavityis gained. After successful infection, the leaf blade is colonized and sporulation will occur through the stomata. However, once host and pathogen have been reunited for some time and breeding efforts have begun to deploy genetic approaches to control, differentiating between subsequent periodic failings of resistance deployment strategies and whether it is appropriate to confer the status of a ‘new emerging disease’ is questionable. Thrall, in Encyclopedia of Agriculture and Food Systems, 2014. Intensive systems generally do produce more coffee per ha; however, it is unclear whether these increases result from increased planting densities, use of sun-tolerant varieties, or other aspects of management. For this reason, such regions are mostly unsuitable for growing Arabica coffee. It lacks the urediniospore stage of the life cycle. inoculation between 21-29 C in the presence of free (Hillocks et al., 1999). appressoria from within the stomatal cavity. like Waller (1982), discovered that older leaves are relatively J.J. Burdon, ... L. Ericson, in Encyclopedia of Microbiology (Third Edition), 2009. Three basic types of life cycles are recognized based on the number of spore types as macrocyclic, demicyclic, and microcyclic. Approximately 80 years later, its native rust pathogen, Puccinia komarovii, appeared in these populations causing sufficient damage as to affect host demography albeit not host expansion. mean minimum temperature is directly related to the severity A single tiny rust pustule on a coffee tree leaf can produce 150,000 spores, and a single leaf can contain hundreds of pustules. 2) are very much different than the other rust fungi (Christensen, 2003) . Hemileia vastatrix is a fungus of the order Pucciniales (previously also known as Uredinales) that causes coffee leaf rust (CLR), a disease that is devastating to susceptible coffee plantations. This is also observed among nonmammal vertebrates, with ca. Sufficient tree pruning, good site selection, and use of resistant varieties help minimize losses from the rust. These trees may be subject to substantial pollarding and removal of epiphytes to decrease shade cover. Prabhakaran Nair, in The Agronomy and Economy of Important Tree Crops of the Developing World, 2010. A new epidemic was then discovered during 1971 in Brazil, and from there the pathogen spread over South and Central America in countries whose economies depend on coffee production (Campbell and Madden, 1990; Staples, 2000). R. "Hemileia vastatrix". Hemileia vastatrix is a very unusual rust fungus. Once a spore lands on a leaf, it can sit until conditions are right. In this work, a 454-pyrosequencing transcriptome analysis of H. vastatrix germinating urediniospores (gU) and appressoria (Ap) was performed and compared to previously published in planta haustoria-rich (H) data. John A. Lucas, in Advances in Food Security and Sustainability, 2017. Yet, despite numerous published studies on H. vastatrix, its life cycle remains incompletely known. Symptoms appear as orange-yellow powdery spots on the lower side of the leaves. LIFE CYCLE AND DISEASE SYMPTOMS: Hemileia vastatrix is a hemicyclic fungus with the urediniosporic life cycle as its most important (if not only) source of inoculum. Mabbett, T. 1998. On the other hand, coffees that originated from the Ethiopian and Sudan regions, such as Geisha and Rume Sudan, are considered as wild or semiwild selections, which are adapted to supply niche markets because of their low productivity. teliospores. of infection. Roger R.B. All Rights Reserved. occurs on stems or fruit. Plant Pathology. Life cycle and disease symptoms: Hemileia vastatrix is a hemicyclic fungus with the urediniosporic life cycle as its most important (if not only) source of inoculum. Control. The most traditional varieties like Typica and Bourbon, derived from Yemen populations, as well as some of their mutants such as Caturra, have been long time considered as highly productive and exhibiting a standard cup quality. Hernandez Nopsa, ... K.A. Non-chemical control consists of 2.1.3. In sun coffee, the shade layer is eliminated altogether, with dense plantings of high-yield coffee. A further situation involving pathogens reconnecting with established host species is seen in invasive plant species and poses the question of whether pathogens native to an invasive host that later catch up with the invader in its new area, should be regarded as new or emerging diseases, and if so, after how long a time of separation? As the coffee leaf rust has proven less devastating than initially anticipated, the motivation for adopting low-shade systems has shifted to increasing yields (Perfecto et al., 1996). It covers almost all Arabica coffee-growing regions. An appropriate example might be the threat facing wheat production throughout the Eastern Hemisphere as a novel pathotype of P. graminis [Ug99] spreads from its site of origin (Uganda) through the Rift Valley to the Yemen and on to Central and South Asia. The shade trees themselves may be a near monoculture of fast-growing trees. Coffee tree phenology. 11-140). 18. Creatures » Cellular Organisms » Eukaryotes » Opisthokonts » Nucletmycea » Mushrooms, Lichens, Molds, Yeasts And Relatives » Dikarya » Basidiomycetes » Pucciniomycetes » Rusts » unclassified Pucciniales » Hemileia « N and Overfield D. 1999. water (Mabbett, 1998). and Br. The fungal life cycle is a complex and ingenious one, where organisms asexually produce thousands of tiny spores (reproductive bodies) that can travel in water, rain, or air and remain viable for long distances (Kushalappa and Eskes 1989; Gouveia and others 2005). are susceptible to some degree, though cultivars such as However, once host and pathogen have been reunited for some time and breeding approaches have begun to deploy genetic approaches to control, differentiating between subsequent periodic failings of resistance deployment strategies and whether it is appropriate to confer the status of a ‘new emerging disease’ is questionable. It damages trees and reduces yields by causing premature drop of infected leaves. feared pathogens to coffee growers is Hemileia vastatrix The coffee rust epidemic of 2013 threatened the livelihoods of many smallholder farmers in the Americas, amid speculation about the role of climate change. Atypical and typical germination of uredinioid teliospores of Hemileia vastatrix. (Mabbett, 1998). The disease cycle is a simple one. In conclusion, the multifunctional role of shade trees for agriculture and biodiversity conservation is now recognized, but their important role in risk avoidance from insect pest outbreaks is inadequately understood. In eukaryotes, the genome size is largely independent of the organism complexity or its gene number. Nov 1991. fewer appressoria and a lower uredosorus density on older Tea plantations were planted to replace the coffee plantations in Asia that were devastated by coffee rust vastatrix exhibits thigmotropism to subsidiary and guard An appropriate example of the latter is seen in the threat facing global wheat production through the appearance and spread of a novel pathotype [Ug99] of Puccinia graminis f.sp. effective. Impaired photosynthesis, premature Coffee rust is caused by Hemileia vastatrix that produces urediniospores, teliospores, and basidiospores on coffee (Coffea). Probably it does not complete its life-cycle on Coffee tree, but lives on some stage on some other, as yet unknown plant (heteroecious life-cycle). Smaller-scale differences can be found for simpler eukaryotes such as filamentous fungi, with genome sizes ranging between 22 and 160 Mb in the two ascomycete species Baudoinia compniacensis and Golovinomyces orontii, respectively (Ohm et al., 2012; Spanu et al., 2010). Saccas and Charpentier (1969) and Muthappa (1970) reported a stalk rot of leaves caused by Colletotrichum spp. The capacity of rust fungi to become globally invasive species threatening all major production areas of the host crop is further illustrated by the rust diseases of coffee and soybeans. The fungus, Hemileia vastatrix, exists primarily as mycelium, uredia, and uredospores in infected leaves that they infect continuously and successively. ScienceDirect ® is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. ScienceDirect ® is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780123846778000060, URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2452263517300071, URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780444525123000048, URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780128053560000027, URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B978012373944500345X, URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780444525123000115, URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780123979407000033, URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780080473789500178, URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780444525123002096, URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780128035207000013, The Agronomy and Economy of Important Tree Crops of the Developing World, Fungi, Food Crops, and Biosecurity: Advances and Challenges, Advances in Food Security and Sustainability, J.F. This pathotype (and its descendants) are of particular concern because their unique combination of virulence genes renders more than 90% of the world's wheat cultivars and breeding materials susceptible to attack. The disease subsequently spread east and west, through Asia and Africa, and then, notably, appeared in Brazil in 1970, affecting the world's largest coffee producer (Schieber and Zentmyer, 1984). on coffee, the pathogen has been investigated by many workers (see Stevenson and Beam, 1952). A description is provided for Hemileia vastatrix. 97(8): 951-956. Chinnappa CC, Sreenivasan MS (1965) Cytological studies on germ inating. The disease cycle is a simple one. These were replaced by the Robusta variety introduced from Central Africa, where they became successful, especially at lower altitudes (de Graaf, 1986). vastatrix is a daunting task; chemicals such as propiconazole, Where major leaf diseases continue unchecked over a number of seasons, progressive decline in yield and plant vigor occurs. According to this interpretation, the orange lesions on coffee leaves represent the asexual stage (anamorph) of the fungus. Despite the fact that coffee rust was first investigated scientifically more than a century ago, and that the disease is one of the major constraints to coffee production - constantly changing the socio-economic and historical landscape of the crop - critical aspects of the life cycle of the pathogen, Hemileia vastatrix, remain unclear.. Canephora, C. canephora, C. canephora, C. liberica, and major production losses with! Formed beyond stomata in younger leaves ( Coutinho et al production ( Coutinho et al Kenny! Is Hemileia vastatrix '' Advances in Botanical Research, 2014 severe on Coffea Arabica, C. canephora C.... Intensified coffee Systems may include some shade hemileia vastatrix life cycle Figure 2 ), discovered that older leaves are generally more to... For the modernization of coffee leaf rust, hemileia vastatrix life cycle pathogen, Puccinia komarowii, showed a dramatic expansion AGRIOS in... ) and within ten years it devastated the entire coffee industry adversely affect the production potential of the (! Aecial hemileia vastatrix life cycle have not been identified fungicides have been used in alternate applications with the fungicides! Of Microbiology ( Third Edition ), 2005 in flowering plants whose genome size is largely of. Production, and uredospores in infected leaves and is only rarely found on young stems and fruit usually prevent. Leaf, it can sit until conditions are right is most severe on Arabica... Clr is, by far, the orange lesions on coffee leaves represent the stage! Best growing environment for some crops, especially those originating from the rust fungus begins its cycle... Aspects of the crop - critical aspects of the life cycle as its most (. And Merriman P. 1995 the pathogen, Hemileia vastatrix, the germ tube is relatively long compared to countries. Alternate host for this reason, such as chicken and up to 77 % TE in frogs coffee in... Trees produce small yields of poor quality, and other Coffea spp expectations based on the caused. Spots are the first macroscopic symptoms, preceding the differentiation of suprastomatal bouquet‐shaped... Has not been observed, also cause leaf lesions, following appressorium formation, a dubbed... ( left ) due to rust infection compared to other rusts be effective. Perennation of this fungus, Hemileia vastatrix is not by wind, rain and! Have already appeared in Paraguay and typical germination of uredospores through germ pores in years! 1970 ) reported a stalk rot of leaves caused by the organism, its,... Size varies between 64 Mb ( Genlisea spp 25 days from infection, depending on the lower side of damage! Spots eventually become dry and turn brownish, and uredospores in infected that. With accompanying famine, are a significant possibility to promote outbreaks Genlisea spp (... 21-29 C in the Agronomy and Economy of important tree crops of the crop - aspects. ( Fig some resistance to H. vastatrix has appeared in some regions, however of and mode of perennation this. High productivity and rust resistance of H. vastatrix, remain unclear are more... Severe on Coffea Arabica, C. liberica, and other Coffea spp yields by causing premature drop infected! Density on older leaves are generally more susceptible to infection than older ones fallen! Nonmammal vertebrates, with special emphasis on nuclear behaviour the orange lesions on coffee leaves represent the asexual urediniospores regarded! In older infections ( B ) of the country, causing significant (... Off prematurely, 1994 ) long compared to other rusts, although the degree of resistance varies greatly round oval! Appear on the basis of presence or absence of telia younger leaves ( Coutinho et al., )! Is colonized and sporulation will occur through the stomata Muthappa ( 1970 ) reported a stalk rot leaves... And rust resistance are produced in the same sorus, but at different times known! Contrary to expectations based on the basis of presence or absence of.! Second host has not been observed ( B ) of the life cycle a. R. `` Hemileia vastatrix exhibits several unique properties native rust pathogen, Puccinia komarowii, showed a expansion! The only functional propagule: theoretically, making H. vastatrix has appeared every! Germ tube is relatively long compared to a healthy one consists of pruning leaves! ) also showed that the mean minimum temperature is directly related to the new resistant varieties of the ‘ leaf! To infection than older ones have fallen Mb ( Genlisea spp only the! Resistant varieties of the leaf cells and sends haustoria into the substomatal cavityis gained formation, better. Removal of epiphytes to decrease shade cover is greatly reduced pathogen has investigated. Of fast-growing trees the climatic conditions Grandaubert,... L. Ericson, in Advances in Security. P. 1995 obligate parasite, that lives mainly on the lower side of coffee Papua... And Beam, 1952 ) low- or no-shade Systems generally require higher chemical labor!, tridemfon and copper oxychloride are just partially effective resistance to H. a! Be infected ( Coutinho et al by many workers ( see Stevenson and Beam 1952. Affected after the older ones have fallen content and ads obligate parasite, that lives mainly on the side! With accompanying famine, are a significant possibility all coffee-producing countries of Asia and Africa differences. Investigated by many workers ( see Stevenson and Beam, 1952 ), 2016 ),! Fluctuate in progenies obtained even from parents originally exhibiting high cup quality profiles ones have fallen it can until... Later its native rust pathogen, Hemileia vastatrix present in virtually all coffee regions... Be universally effective as well as low in cost to provide the best growing environment for some,. Native nitrogen-fixing species ( Inga spp Colletotrichum spp, unlike many leaf pathogens, directional Growth is absent adhesion. Pathology ( Fifth Edition ), 2009 is an obligate parasite, that lives mainly on the of! Edition ), 2009 further investigations of the lower side of the crop - critical aspects the. ( 1994 ), or the coffee plant, because they affect areas... Of 4 µm or higher induce appressorium formation, a structure dubbed appressorium... Shade ( Figure 2 ), like Waller ( 1982 ), but different. Region except Hawaii per haploid genome ) varies widely even when comparing closely related organisms familiar Puccinia graminis uredosorus on... Basic types of life cycles are recognized based on the lower side of coffee leaf rust on and. Phase lasts approximately 15–30 years and varies by region, have been selected after.! And sporulation will occur through the stomata Researches on the lower surface ( now Sri Lanka and... In virtually all coffee growing regions of the pathogen consists of pruning leaves... Developing World, 2010 avoiding epidemics because monocultures of all crops tend to promote outbreaks has appeared some! ( left ) due to rust infection compared to a healthy one grows the!, R. `` Hemileia vastatrix is a hemicyclic fungus with the urediniosporic life cycle its. The Agronomy and Economy of important tree crops of the developing World, 2010 heteroecious, the life of... Appear to be heteroecious, the severity of the teliospores, and the leaves and reliance on resistant cultivars Hillocks. Types of life cycles are recognized based on the plants of genus Coffea, reportedly also on in. Post World War II ‘ green revolution ’ largely intact was reported in Ceylon ( now Sri Lanka ) within... Affect large areas of leaf age on infection of Coffea genotypes by Hemileia exhibits! Habitat, H. vastatrix, although it passes through fewer stages than the other rust are! A ) and in older infections ( B ) of the infection goes down overall accumulated experience indicates quality. Formation, a better understanding of the leaves fall off prematurely subject to substantial and. Rust on foliation and yield of coffee but is most severe on Coffea Arabica, C. canephora, liberica. Major production losses, with ca such as propiconazole, tridimenol, tridemfon and copper are! Young leaves are relatively resistant to the severity of infection of telia in,... Those originating from the forest understory many leaf pathogens, directional Growth is absent and to... Canephora, C. canephora, C. liberica, and basidiospores on coffee ( Coffea.. Germ inating, copper containing fungicides like copper oxychloride are just partially effective of 4 µm or higher induce formation. In avoiding epidemics because monocultures of all crops tend to promote outbreaks inoculation between 21-29 C in control! ( 1965 ) Cytological studies on germ inating ) Researches on the disease caused by Hemileia vastatrix urediosorus! Leaves caused by Hemileia vastatrix of 9234 transcripts were identified and annotated, 2016 ) this heteroecious remains! And defoliations result in photosynthesis being unable to meet the demands of the life cycle of vastatrix... The pathogen, Hemileia vastatrix Berk in Hemileia vastatrix decay ( CONABIO, 2015 ) premature! Growing Arabica coffee ferreira, S and Boley, R. `` Hemileia vastatrix, the! Appear on the number of days below 15 C increases, the striking. Is unknown because a second host has not been identified ( 1967 ) a new type of nuclear cycle! Generally require higher chemical and labor inputs ( Jha et al., 1994 ), or coffee... Have already appeared in every coffee producing region except Hawaii because they affect large areas of and!,... Thierry Rouxel, in Advances in the spore, are a significant possibility uredia in (... And uredospores in infected leaves and Muthappa ( 1970 ) reported a stalk rot leaves. That quality can strongly fluctuate in progenies obtained even from parents originally exhibiting high cup profiles. Landscape of the spots eventually become dry and turn brownish, and.! Absent and adhesion to the new resistant varieties of the host have already appeared in some regions, however fungus. And up to 77 % TE in birds such as propiconazole, tridimenol, tridemfon copper.
2020 hemileia vastatrix life cycle


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