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Heidelberg is a university town in Baden-Württemberg situated on the river Neckar in south-west Germany. In the 2016 census, its population was 159,914, with a quarter of its population being students. Located about 78 km south of Frankfurt, Heidelberg is the fifth-largest city in the German state of Baden-Württemberg. Heidelberg is part of the densely populated Rhine-Neckar Metropolitan Region. Founded in 1386, Heidelberg University is Germany's oldest and one of Europe's most reputable universities. A scientific hub in Germany, the city of Heidelberg is home to several internationally renowned research facilities adjacent to its university, including four Max Planck Institutes. A former residence of the Electorate of the Palatinate, Heidelberg is a popular tourist destination due to its romantic cityscape, including Heidelberg Castle, the Philosophers' Walk, the baroque style Old Town. Heidelberg is in the Rhine Rift Valley, on the left bank of the lower part of the Neckar in a steep valley in the Odenwald.
It is bordered by the Gaisberg mountains. The Neckar here flows in an east-west direction. On the right bank of the river, the Heiligenberg mountain rises to a height of 445 meters; the Neckar flows into the Rhine 22 kilometres north-west in Mannheim. Villages incorporated during the 20th century stretch from the Neckar Valley along the Bergstraße, a road running along the Odenwald hills. Heidelberg is on European walking route E1. Since Heidelberg is among the warmest regions of Germany, plants atypical of the central-European climate flourish there, including almond and fig trees. Alongside the Philosophenweg on the opposite side of the Old Town, winegrowing was restarted in 2000. There is a wild population of African rose-ringed parakeets, a wild population of Siberian swan geese, which can be seen on the islands in the Neckar near the district of Bergheim. Heidelberg is a unitary authority within the Regierungsbezirk Karlsruhe; the Rhein-Neckar-Kreis rural district surrounds it and has its seat in the town, although the town is not a part of the district.
Heidelberg is a part of the Rhine-Neckar Metropolitan Region referred to as the Rhein-Neckar Triangle. This region consists of the southern part of the State of Hessen, the southern part of the State of Rhineland-Palatinate, the administrative districts of Mannheim and Heidelberg, the southern municipalities of the Rhein-Neckar-Kreis; the Rhein-Neckar Triangle became a European metropolitan area in 2005. Heidelberg consists of 15 districts distributed in six sectors of the town. In the central area are Altstadt and Weststadt; the new district will have 5,000–6,000 residents and employment for 7,000. Further new residential space for 10,000-15,000 residents was made available in Patrick Henry Village following the departure of the US Armed Forces; the following towns and communes border the city of Heidelberg, beginning in the west and in a clockwise direction: Edingen-Neckarhausen, Schriesheim, Schönau, Neckargemünd, Gaiberg, Sandhausen, Plankstadt and Mannheim. Heidelberg has an oceanic climate, defined by the protected valley between the Pfälzerwald and the Odenwald.
Year-round, the mild temperatures are determined by maritime air masses coming from the west. In contrast to the nearby Upper Rhine Plain, Heidelberg's position in the valley leads to more frequent easterly winds than average; the hillsides of the Odenwald favour precipitation. The warmest month is July, the coldest is January. Temperatures rise beyond 30 °C in midsummer. According to the German Meteorological Service, Heidelberg was the warmest place in Germany in 2009. Between 600,000 and 200,000 years ago, "Heidelberg Man" died at nearby Mauer, his jaw bone was discovered in 1907. Scientific dating determined his remains as the earliest evidence of human life in Europe. In the 5th century BC, a Celtic fortress of refuge and place of worship were built on the Heiligenberg, or "Mountain of Saints". Both places can still be identified. In 40 AD, a fort occupied by the 24th Roman cohort and the 2nd Cyrenaican cohort; the early Byzantine/late Roman Emperor Valentinian I, in 369 AD, built new and maintained older castra and a signal tower on the bank of the Neckar.
They built a wooden bridge based on stone pillars across it. The camp protected the first civilian settlements; the Romans remained until 260 AD. The local administrative center in Roman times was the nearby city of Lopodunum. Modern Heidelberg can trace its beginnings to the fifth century; the village Bergheim is first mentioned for that period in documents dated to 769 AD. Bergheim now lies in the middle of modern Heidelberg; the people converted to Christianity. In 863 AD, the monastery of St. Michael was founded on the Heiligenberg inside the double rampart of the Celtic fortress. Around 1130, the Neuburg Monastery was founded in the Neckar valley. At the same time, the bishopric of Worms extended its influence into the valley, founding Schönau Abbey in 1142. Modern He
The President and Fellows of the Royal Society of London for Improving Natural Knowledge known as the Royal Society, is a learned society. Founded on 28 November 1660, it was granted a royal charter by King Charles II as "The Royal Society", it is the oldest national scientific institution in the world. The society is the United Kingdom's and Commonwealth of Nations' Academy of Sciences and fulfils a number of roles: promoting science and its benefits, recognising excellence in science, supporting outstanding science, providing scientific advice for policy, fostering international and global co-operation and public engagement; the society is governed by its Council, chaired by the Society's President, according to a set of statutes and standing orders. The members of Council and the President are elected from and by its Fellows, the basic members of the society, who are themselves elected by existing Fellows; as of 2016, there are about 1,600 fellows, allowed to use the postnominal title FRS, with up to 52 new fellows appointed each year.
There are royal fellows, honorary fellows and foreign members, the last of which are allowed to use the postnominal title ForMemRS. The Royal Society President is Venkatraman Ramakrishnan, who took up the post on 30 November 2015. Since 1967, the society has been based at 6–9 Carlton House Terrace, a Grade I listed building in central London, used by the Embassy of Germany, London; the Invisible College has been described as a precursor group to the Royal Society of London, consisting of a number of natural philosophers around Robert Boyle. The concept of "invisible college" is mentioned in German Rosicrucian pamphlets in the early 17th century. Ben Jonson in England referenced the idea, related in meaning to Francis Bacon's House of Solomon, in a masque The Fortunate Isles and Their Union from 1624/5; the term accrued currency for the exchanges of correspondence within the Republic of Letters. In letters in 1646 and 1647, Boyle refers to "our invisible college" or "our philosophical college".
The society's common theme was to acquire knowledge through experimental investigation. Three dated letters are the basic documentary evidence: Boyle sent them to Isaac Marcombes, Francis Tallents who at that point was a fellow of Magdalene College and London-based Samuel Hartlib; the Royal Society started from groups of physicians and natural philosophers, meeting at a variety of locations, including Gresham College in London. They were influenced by the "new science", as promoted by Francis Bacon in his New Atlantis, from 1645 onwards. A group known as "The Philosophical Society of Oxford" was run under a set of rules still retained by the Bodleian Library. After the English Restoration, there were regular meetings at Gresham College, it is held that these groups were the inspiration for the foundation of the Royal Society. Another view of the founding, held at the time, was that it was due to the influence of French scientists and the Montmor Academy in 1657, reports of which were sent back to England by English scientists attending.
This view was held by Jean-Baptiste du Hamel, Giovanni Domenico Cassini, Bernard le Bovier de Fontenelle and Melchisédech Thévenot at the time and has some grounding in that Henry Oldenburg, the society's first secretary, had attended the Montmor Academy meeting. Robert Hooke, disputed this, writing that: makes Mr Oldenburg to have been the instrument, who inspired the English with a desire to imitate the French, in having Philosophical Clubs, or Meetings. I will not say, that Mr Oldenburg did rather inspire the French to follow the English, or, at least, did help them, hinder us. But'tis well known who were the principal men that began and promoted that design, both in this city and in Oxford, and not only these Philosophic Meetings were. On 28 November 1660, the 1660 committee of 12 announced the formation of a "College for the Promoting of Physico-Mathematical Experimental Learning", which would meet weekly to discuss science and run experiments. At the second meeting, Sir Robert Moray announced that the King approved of the gatherings, a royal charter was signed on 15 July 1662 which created the "Royal Society of London", with Lord Brouncker serving as the first president.
A second royal charter was signed on 23 April 1663, with the king noted as the founder and with the name of "the Royal Society of London for the Improvement of Natural Knowledge". This initial royal favour has continued and, since every monarch has been the patron of the society; the society's early meetings included experiments performed first by Hooke and by Denis Papin, appointed in 1684. These experiments varied in their subject area, were both important in some cases and trivial in others; the society published an English translation of Essays of Natural Experiments Made in the Accademia del Cimento, under the Protection of the Most Serene Prince Leopold of Tuscany in 1684, an Italian book documenting experiments at the Accademia del Cimento. Although meeting at Gresham College, the Society temporarily moved to Arundel House in 1666 after the Great Fire of London, which did not harm Gresham but did lead to its appropriation by the Lord Mayor; the Society r
Dictionary of National Biography
The Dictionary of National Biography is a standard work of reference on notable figures from British history, published since 1885. The updated Oxford Dictionary of National Biography was published on 23 September 2004 in 60 volumes and online, with 50,113 biographical articles covering 54,922 lives. Hoping to emulate national biographical collections published elsewhere in Europe, such as the Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie, in 1882 the publisher George Smith, of Smith, Elder & Co. planned a universal dictionary that would include biographical entries on individuals from world history. He approached Leslie Stephen editor of the Cornhill Magazine, owned by Smith, to become the editor. Stephen persuaded Smith that the work should focus only on subjects from the United Kingdom and its present and former colonies. An early working title was the Biographia Britannica, the name of an earlier eighteenth-century reference work; the first volume of the Dictionary of National Biography appeared on 1 January 1885.
In May 1891 Leslie Stephen resigned and Sidney Lee, Stephen's assistant editor from the beginning of the project, succeeded him as editor. A dedicated team of sub-editors and researchers worked under Stephen and Lee, combining a variety of talents from veteran journalists to young scholars who cut their academic teeth on dictionary articles at a time when postgraduate historical research in British universities was still in its infancy. While much of the dictionary was written in-house, the DNB relied on external contributors, who included several respected writers and scholars of the late nineteenth century. By 1900, more than 700 individuals had contributed to the work. Successive volumes appeared quarterly with complete punctuality until midsummer 1900, when the series closed with volume 63; the year of publication, the editor and the range of names in each volume is given below. Since the scope included only deceased figures, the DNB was soon extended by the issue of three supplementary volumes, covering subjects who had died between 1885 and 1900 or, overlooked in the original alphabetical sequence.
The supplements brought the whole work up to the death of Queen Victoria on 22 January 1901. Corrections were added. After issuing a volume of errata in 1904, the dictionary was reissued with minor revisions in 22 volumes in 1908 and 1909. In the words of the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, the dictionary had "proved of inestimable service in elucidating the private annals of the British", providing not only concise lives of the notable deceased, but additionally lists of sources which were invaluable to researchers in a period when few libraries or collections of manuscripts had published catalogues or indices, the production of indices to periodical literatures was just beginning. Throughout the twentieth century, further volumes were published for those who had died on a decade-by-decade basis, beginning in 1912 with a supplement edited by Lee covering those who died between 1901 and 1911; the dictionary was transferred from its original publishers, Elder & Co. to Oxford University Press in 1917.
Until 1996, Oxford University Press continued to add further supplements featuring articles on subjects who had died during the twentieth century. The supplements published between 1912 and 1996 added about 6,000 lives of people who died in the twentieth century to the 29,120 in the 63 volumes of the original DNB. In 1993 a volume containing missing biographies was published; this had an additional 1,000 lives, selected from over 100,000 suggestions. This did not seek to replace any articles on existing DNB subjects though the original work had been written from a Victorian perspective and had become out of date due to changes in historical assessments and discoveries of new information during the twentieth century; the dictionary was becoming less and less useful as a reference work. In 1966, the University of London published a volume of corrections, cumulated from the Bulletin of the Institute of Historical Research. There were various versions of the Concise Dictionary of National Biography, which covered everyone in the main work but with much shorter articles.
The last edition, in three volumes, covered everyone who died before 1986. In the early 1990s Oxford University Press committed itself to overhauling the DNB. Work on what was known until 2001 as the New Dictionary of National Biography, or New DNB, began in 1992 under the editorship of Colin Matthew, professor of Modern History at the University of Oxford. Matthew decided that no subjects from the old dictionary would be excluded, however insignificant the subjects appeared to a late twentieth-century eye. Suggestions for new subjects were solicited through questionnaires placed in libraries and universities and, as the 1990s advanced and assessed by the editor, the 12 external consultant editors and several hundred associate editors and in-house staff. Digitization of the DNB was performed by the Alliance Photosetting Company in India; the new dictionary would cover British history, "broadly defined", up to 31 December 2000. The research project was conceived as a collaborative one, with in-house staff co-ordinating the work of
The Indian Army is the land-based branch and the largest component of Indian Armed Forces. The President of India is the Supreme Commander of the Indian Army, it is commanded by the Chief of Army Staff, a four-star general. Two officers have been conferred with the rank of field marshal, a five-star rank, a ceremonial position of great honour; the Indian Army originated from the armies of the East India Company, which became the British Indian Army, the armies of the princely states, which became the national army after independence. The units and regiments of the Indian Army have diverse histories and have participated in a number of battles and campaigns across the world, earning a large number of battle and theatre honours before and after Independence; the primary mission of the Indian Army is to ensure national security and national unity, defending the nation from external aggression and internal threats, maintaining peace and security within its borders. It conducts humanitarian rescue operations during natural calamities and other disturbances, like Operation Surya Hope, can be requisitioned by the government to cope with internal threats.
It is a major component of national power alongside the Indian Air Force. The army has been involved in four wars with neighbouring one with China. Other major operations undertaken by the army include: Operation Vijay, Operation Meghdoot and Operation Cactus. Apart from conflicts, the army has conducted large peace time exercises like Operation Brasstacks and Exercise Shoorveer, it has been an active participant in numerous United Nations peacekeeping missions including those in: Cyprus, Congo, Cambodia, Namibia, El Salvador, Mozambique, South Sudan and Somalia; the Indian Army has a regimental system, but is operationally and geographically divided into seven commands, with the basic field formation being a division. It comprises more than 80 % of the country's active defence personnel, it is the 2nd largest standing army in the world, with 1,237,117 active troops and 960,000 reserve troops. The army has embarked on an infantry modernisation program known as Futuristic Infantry Soldier As a System, is upgrading and acquiring new assets for its armoured and aviation branches.
A Military Department was created within the Government of the East India Company at Kolkata in the year 1776. Its main function was to sift and record orders relating to the Army that were issued by various Departments of the East India Company for the territories under its control. With the Charter Act of 1833, the Secretariat of the Government of the East India Company was reorganised into four Departments, including a Military Department; the army in the Presidencies of Bengal and Madras functioned as respective Presidency Armies until 1 April 1895 when they were unified into a single Indian Army. For administrative convenience, it was divided into four commands at that point, namely Punjab, Bengal and Bombay; the British Indian Army was a critical force for the primacy of the British Empire both in India and across the world. Besides maintaining the internal security of the British Raj, the Army fought in many other theatres: the Anglo-Burmese Wars and Second Anglo-Sikh Wars, First and Third Anglo-Afghan Wars and Second Opium Wars in China and the Boxer Rebellion in China.
In the 20th century, the Indian Army was a crucial adjunct to the British forces in both world wars. 1.3 million Indian soldiers served in World War I with the Allies, in which 74,187 Indian troops were killed or missing in action. In 1915 there was a mutiny by Indian soldiers in Singapore; the United Kingdom made promises of self-governance to the Indian National Congress in return for its support but reneged on them after the war, following which the Indian Independence movement gained strength. The "Indianisation" of the British Indian Army began with the formation of the Prince of Wales Royal Indian Military College at Dehradun in March 1912 with the purpose of providing education to the scions of aristocratic and well-to-do Indian families, to prepare selected Indian boys for admission into the Royal Military College, Sandhurst. Indian officers were given a King's commission after passing out and were posted to one of the eight units selected for Indianisation; because of the slow pace of Indianisation, with just 69 officers being commissioned between 1918 and 1932, political pressure was applied leading to the formation of the Indian Military Academy in 1932 and greater numbers of officers of Indian origin being commissioned.
In World War II Indian soldiers fought alongside the Allies. In 1939, British officials had no plan for expansion and training of Indian forces, which comprised about 130,000 men, their mission was internal security and defence against a possible Soviet threat through Afghanistan. As the war progressed, the size and role of the Indian Army expanded and troops were sent to battlefronts as soon as possible; the most serious problem was lack of equipment. Indian units served in Burma, where in 1944–45, five Indian divisions were engaged along with one British and three African divisions. Larger numbers operated in the Middle East; some 87,000 Indian soldiers died in the war. By the end of the war it had become the largest volunteer army in history, rising to over 2.5 million men in August 1945. In the African and Middle-Eastern Campaigns, captured Indian troops were given a choice to join the German Army to "liberate" India from Great
Electric Telegraph Company
The Electric Telegraph Company was a British telegraph company founded in 1846 by William Fothergill Cooke and John Ricardo. It was the world's first public telegraph company; the equipment used was the Cooke and Wheatstone telegraph, an electrical telegraph developed a few years earlier in collaboration with Charles Wheatstone. The system had been taken up by several railway companies for signalling purposes, but in forming the company Cooke intended to open up the technology to the public at large; the ETC had a monopoly of electrical telegraphy until the formation of the Magnetic Telegraph Company who used a different system which did not infringe the ETC's patents. The Magnetic became the chief rival of the ETC and the two of them dominated the market after further companies entered the field; the ETC was involved in laying submarine telegraph cables, including lines to the Netherlands, the Channel Islands, the Isle of Man. They operated the Monarch. A private line was laid for Queen Victoria on the Isle of Wight.
The company was nationalised in 1870 along with other British telegraph companies, their assets were taken over by the General Post Office. The Electric Telegraph Company was the world's first public telegraph company, founded in the United Kingdom in 1846 by Sir William Fothergill Cooke and John Lewis Ricardo, MP for Stoke-on-Trent, with Cromwell F. Varley as chief engineer, their headquarters was in Founders Court, behind the Bank of England. This was the first company formed for the specific purpose of providing a telegraph service to the public. Up to this point telegraph lines had been laid in conjunction with railway companies, Cooke had been a leading figure in convincing them of its benefits. However, these systems were all for the exclusive use of the railway company concerned for signalling purposes, until 1843 when Cooke extended the Great Western Railway's telegraph on to Slough at his own expense, at which point he acquired the right to open it to the public. Railway telegraphy continued to be an important part of the company's business with expenditure on the railways peaking in 1847–48.
The collaboration between Cooke and Charles Wheatstone in developing the Cooke and Wheatstone telegraph was not a happy one, degenerating into a bitter dispute over who had invented the telegraph. As a result, the company was formed without Wheatstone. At creation the company purchased all the patents Cooke and Wheatstone had obtained to date in building the Cooke and Wheatstone telegraph, they obtained the important patent for the electric relay from Edward Davy for £600. The relay allowed telegraph signals weakened over a long distance to be renewed and retransmitted onward; the company was not hugely profitable, shares were more or less worthless. In 1846 they won a concession from Belgium for telegraph lines covering the whole country, they installed a line from Brussels to Antwerp but the traffic was light and the company decided to return their concession to the Belgian Government in 1850. In 1848, after a dispute with the Great Western, the telegraph line from Paddington to Slough was removed, although the railway company continued to use the telegraph at the Box Tunnel.
The setback with the Great Western did not slow the growth of the telegraph along railway lines, these continued to be the main source of revenue. By 1848 the company had telegraph lines along half of the railway lines open, some 1,800 miles, continued to make deals with more railway companies after that; these included in 1851 a new contract with Great Western who were extending their line to Exeter and Plymouth and by 1852 the ETC had installed a line that ran from London, past Slough, as far as Bristol. These contracts gave the company exclusive rights to install telegraph lines; this gave the company a significant advantage over competitors when other companies entered the market. Other areas of growth were in the supply of news to newspapers, contracts with stock exchanges. However, general use by the public was retarded by the high cost of sending a message. By 1855 this situation was changing; the ETC now had over 5,200 miles of line and sent nearly three-quarters of a million messages that year.
The growth, together with competitors coming on to the market, drove down prices. ETC's maximum charge for an inland telegram fell from ten shillings in 1851 to four shillings in 1855. By 1859, growth required the company to relocate their London central office to Great Bell Alley, but retaining the Founders Court site as a public office; the portion of Great Bell Alley east of Moorgate Street was renamed Telegraph Street in recognition of the importance of the company, making their address 11–14 Telegraph Street. The site is now occupied by The Telegraph pub. In the Act of Parliament establishing the company, the government reserved the right to take over the resources of the ETC in times of national emergency; this they did in 1848 in response to Chartist agitation. Chartism was a working-class movement for democratic reform. One of the main aims was to achieve the vote for all men over twenty-one. In April 1848, the Chartists organised a large demonstration at Kennington Common and presented a petition signed by millions.
The government, fearing an insurrection, used their control of the ETC telegraph to disrupt Chartist communication. The first competitor to emerge was the British Electric Telegraph Company, formed in 1849 by Henry Highton and his brother Edward; the ETC had a policy of suppressing competitors by buying up rival patents


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Little Thing 2 was home sick yesterday so I did not take Little Thing 3 in to town for preschool so that meant I had some spare time, in between changing out the bags in the throw-up bucket, at home.
I reorganized my craft storage armoire and in the process decided to do some crafts.
First I covered these little holder thingies on my fridge...
And these magnets as well...
I used modge pog and scrapbook paper and made them look like this...
I found the little holders at the dollar store just before school started. I use them to hold box tops and coupons and other little things. The magnets I found at Walmart and I have the perfect size circle punch to fill the little indented circle area.
The paper I found at Hobby Lobby and it matches these other glass magnets I made a while ago.
Next, since I took down all the Halloween stuff ( I can hear the hubs saying, "THANK YOU!"- he's not a fan of Halloween) I thought it was time to have some Thanksgiving stuff up.
I found this cute printable at A Step In The Journey.
I printed it out and out it in a $ Tree frame. I made the little burlap flower and hot glued it to the frame.
I wrapped burlap with some jute rope around a glass hurricane ($ Tree) and put some ($ Tree) flowers in it.
And I moved some of our outdoor pumpkins inside...
Definitely more of a fall Thanksgiving look.
As much as I hate having a sick child at home, it gave me some down time to do these fun easy crafts.
Little Thing 2 is doing much better today, btw, and is finally keeping liquids and crackers down. She will probably be well enough to head back to school tomorrow. :)

domain: artistic


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Perrier-Jouët Belle Epoque Champagne 2006
Perrier-Jouët's origin story dates back to 1810, when the cork supplier Pierre Nicolas Perrier married Rose Adélaide Jouët and began producing champagne under the name Perrier-Jouët the following year. Adèle focused on vineyards and winemaking while Pierre Nicolas focused on sales and marketing. Shipments to Great Britain began in 1815, followed by the United States in 1837. After Charles Perrier, Henri Gallice and his younger brother Octave became Perrier-Jouët directors. Octave, an art lover, met Emile Gallé in Paris and requested a design for Maison Perrier-Jouët, which became the iconic emblem of the brand. One of the world's oldest champagnes, a Perrier-Jouët vintage 1825, was opened and tasted in 2009. Harold Macmillan, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1957 to 1963, favoured vintage Perrier-Jouët. This passion has been passed down through the generations, shaping the House's philosophy of creative freedom and unconventional observation of nature. Maison Perrier-Jouët's affinity with the Art Nouveau movement is expressed through the emblematic anemone motif illustrated by Emile Gallé in 1902. Today, the House continues to reinvent luxury by collaborating with artists to create an extravagant universe. Along with their unique legacy, such as the creation of their first brut champagne in 1842 and the iconic floral Cuvée named Belle Epoque Cuvée, Perrier-Jouët also made history with the appointment of the first woman to hold the position of cellar master in 2020. Perrier-Jouët produces a wide range of vintage and non-vintage cuvée, with an annual production of approximately 3,000,000 bottles. The pride of the brand is its prestige label, Belle Epoque. With 266 acres of vineyards situated in the heart of Champagne, Perrier-Jouët maintains control over the quality and consistency of its champagne production. More than half of its vineyards are located in the Grand Crus of Cramant and Avize, allowing Perrier-Jouët to create exceptional champagne that is unparalleled in quality and taste. Today, as a member of the Pernod Ricard group of brands, Perrier-Jouët's legacy of exceptional champagne-making continues to thrive and evolve. Through their dedication to quality and innovation, Perrier-Jouët remains one of the most respected and iconic champagne brands in the world.
Perrier-Jouët Belle Époque Champagne is an exquisite vintage cuvée that has captivated champagne enthusiasts since its first release in 1964. With its instantly recognizable bottle adorned with the elegant spray of Japanese white anemones, it stands as a testament to the timeless beauty and artistry of Maison Perrier-Jouët. The inspiration behind the design of the bottle comes from the brilliant mind of Emile Gallé, a renowned master of the Art Nouveau movement. In 1902, Gallé created the delicate and graceful spray of Japanese white anemones, which has since become an iconic symbol of Perrier-Jouët. The intricate details and meticulous craftsmanship of the bottle reflect the dedication and passion that goes into creating this exceptional champagne.
Perrier-Jouët Belle Epoque Champagne 2006 vintage has a high intensity nose. Aromas of pear, apple, and honeyed toasty dough like notes. The palate bursts of apple and pear with a hit of spicy ginger. A silky, mouth-filling mousse adds to the full-bodied weight.
The Finer Details
Style - Champagne
Varietal - Chardonnay 50%, Pinot Noir 45%, Pinot Meunier 5%
Country - France
Region - Champagne
Vintage - 2006
Bottle Size - 750ml
ABV - 12.5%


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Today, Christine Mather, writer and theater educator, returns here, to "The Journey with Grace," sorting aloud "the tragedies and controversies besieging the autism community." Christine thought this post was too off-topic for her blog, Autism Reads, so I offered to give it a platform here. I think you'll agree. Her thoughts deserved to be shared.
[The controversy over this] throws me for a loop. Apparently some of us fear that all people with autism will be dismissed as potential billionaire comedians who don’t need any help. Others opine Seinfeld benefits from this revelation. I don’t get it. How exclusive are we? Seinfeld hasn’t asked for anything, and he’s given generously of his time and talent to many communities [including ours]. So he self-diagnosed. So do thousands of adults. Some get an official diagnosis, some don’t want one.
I do not have autism, but I think of myself as on the spectrum—I am connected to my son. I can’t let grammatical errors go any more than he can. Certain lights and sounds bug me. I get squirrely if people digress, yet digress constantly myself. I’m not saying give me the same resources as my son. I’m saying, we’re more alike than different. Let’s love our neighbors as ourselves and give them what they need.
There is more than one type of autism. I am convinced of this. My math and music son is very different from his age mate who is always in costume, and both differ from kids who use iPads as their main mode of communication, and so on. But, while I think most people believe this, there also seems to be a belief that some types of autism are more authentic or important than others.
How afraid are we? Are we so fearful that we can’t acknowledge that some people on the spectrum have amazing gifts?
There are divides. Posts about the costs of adult diapers remind me how many parents work to just keep their child clean and healthy with diminishing hopes that their child will ever be able to handle the most basic of self-care. Some people with autism need intensive help and services that may exhaust their caregivers. Some may never exhibit special talents, especially not talents that bring money, fame, or independence. Others may contribute many gifts to the community, and yet still need significant help in their daily lives. But we are all unique individuals with our own special way of looking at the world.
What if we looked for and nurtured whatever that way was?
What if everyone thought of themselves as being on the spectrum, and recognized that we all have gifts and challenges? What if we focused on what people need and truly gave them and their caregivers support so that parents and advocates did not have to worry that a celebrity’s casual remark would rob them of desperately needed help?
What if we all deliberately created an inclusive world?
Which brings me to the most serious controversy, are we living in a society that believes people with differences, especially disabling differences, are better off dead? And do discussions about the inadequate services available for people with disabilities add to or bolster that belief? Is it necessary for us to hate and demonize murderers to protect innocent lives? My short answers are no, no, and no. But, of course, it's more complicated than that. But for me, one idea is crystal clear: We need to remember that we're talking about people. Should we kill people who are different? Should we help people who need help?
The belief that death is a blessed release may come from religion (“heaven is better than suffering”) or self-centeredness (“people with disabilities waste our resources”). My experience is there is no way you will convince anyone entrenched in these beliefs to think differently. Faith in an afterlife helps us not fear death, and, to grieve less for those we lose to it. Excluding people who need help, eases our fears that we will not get the resources we need—which goes back to the Jerry Seinfeld controversy.
Those who actually act on the belief that some people are better off dead may or may not be influenced by these cultural attitudes. Most reports describe those who kill their children as having severe mental illness. Their perceptions of the world are so skewed it’s doubtful they have any meaningful understanding of how others think. People with autism are not the only ones who think that everyone else thinks the way they do.
The irony is that recent tragedies have divided people who absolutely agree that we should help each other and not kill people with differences/disabilities. The division occurs because they disagree on where to put all the passion that they feel.
Here's my belief (I don't think my beliefs are "The Truth"). We should honor the dead and serve the living. If the circumstance of the death teach us how we might help a family and save a child, we should learn from them. Hate won't help. The prospect of being universally reviled is not going to stop anyone far enough gone to murder their own child. Love might.
Let us show love for all the living children with their gifts and challenges. Do you love the child screaming in the supermarket? Do you love the child's mother/grandmother/father who screams right back?
If you’ve had the patience to read this far, you probably do. Thank you. Perhaps we can distract the child with a greeting, or give the adult an understanding smile. [The kind that says,] “I’ve been there. I am not judging you. I am wishing you peace."
Then we can go home and write/call/email our legislators to provide insurance/housing/education/career training and other support for people who need these services. The costs may be high, but the costs of not doing so are so much higher.

domain: sociology


We regulate the air, water, and hazardous waste activities at the Nippon Dynawave Packaging Company pulp and paper mill in Longview. On Sept. 1, 2016, Nippon bought this mill from Weyerhaeuser.
Air Pollution Source Separation Determination
Comment period: April 11 - May 11, 2018
We invite you to comment on the preliminary air pollution Source Separation Determination for the Nippon Dynawave, North Pacific Paper Company (NORPAC), and Weyerhaeuser NR Co. facilities located in Longview.
Weyerhaeuser formally owned the kraft and lumber mills and was a co-owner of NORPAC. These facilities operated under a single air operating permit (AOP). After Weyerhaeuser sold the kraft mill and NORPAC facility in fall of 2016, we held comment periods, separating the Air Operating Permit into three separate permits.
- Nippon operates a kraft pulp and paper mill.
- NORPAC operates a thermomechanical pulp and paper mill.
- Weyerhaeuser operates a lumber mill.
Read the proposed determination and comment period notice for more information.
- Currently, the three facilities are still considered a single source of air pollution under Title V of the Clean Air Act.
- We propose separating the facilities into three separate sources of air pollution.
This is a kraft pulp and paper mill and liquid packaging plant.
Nippon Dynawave contacts
Facility phone: 360-425-2150
Location: 3401 Industrial Way, Longview, Wash.


text:
Unequal Pay Is a Form Of Gender Discrimination
Statistics show that women frequently earn less
Men are not supposed to be paid more for performing a particular job just because they are men. The Equal Pay Act of 1963 made it a legal federal requirement that pay scales for identical work be the same regardless of whether the employee doing the labor is male or female. If a woman works the same hours, performs the same tasks, and has to meet the same goals for her employer as a man does, she is entitled to equal pay.
When women are paid less than men based on their gender, it is a form of sex discrimination and it is illegal.
The following statistics show how women are often underpaid in the United States.
Pay Inequality - Women Earn Less Than Men Across the Board
- Women earned only 83 percent of what men earned working comparable hours in 2015, according to a Pew Research Center study. This is markedly better than in 1980, however, when women earned only 67 cents for each dollar earned by males.
- The U.S. Census Bureau puts the figure at even less—80 percent of what men earn—when only year-round full-time employees are considered.
- The percentage increases somewhat for female workers between the ages of 25 and 34, indicating that older women and young women fare worse when it comes to pay equality. Women in this age demographic earned 90 percent of men's salaries and wages, although this is still significantly less than equal.
- Women must work on average an additional 44 days to earn the same annual salary as their male counterparts.
- Even in jobs categories such as child care that are predominantly occupied by women, they still only earn about 95 percent of men's wages for performing the same jobs.
Women Work Longer To Get Promoted
According to UrbanMinistry.org, "women may work longer to receive the promotions that provide access to higher pay.
For example, among school principals, women have an average of 3 years longer as teachers than men do." However, the Pew Research Center found that this is at least partly attributable to the fact that women more often take breaks from work to care for their families. About one in four women reported that they either took extended time off or reduced their working hours due to childbirth and to tend to family issues.
The Equal Pay Act
The Equal Pay Act does not mandate that jobs held by men and women must be identical for purposes of receiving the same pay, but they should be "substantially similar," which is a governmental way of saying that each performs much the same duties regardless of job title. The Act permits aggrieved workers to take their matters up directly with the state or federal court system without first making a complaint to the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. Employers are not permitted to equalize pay in the face of a complaint by reducing the wages or salary of the higher paid employee.

domain: law


text:
Anatomy Flashcard Learning System creates an efficient engaging way to study Human Anatomy!
Anatomy Flashcard Learning System helps students clear the clutter of the textbook, workbooks, flashcards and other aids that are overwhelming and disconcerting. With Anatomy Flashcard Learning System, students quickly assess what they know and don’t know in preparation for the test, and then the concise learning tables help them fill-in the needed knowledge.
Why use Anatomy Flashcard Learning System for human anatomy study?
- Only all digital human anatomy learning resource with flashcards, learning tables and assessment exercises all in one place
- Supports all major computers platforms, phones and tablets
- Interactive, innovative and engaging ways to learn and access anatomy knowledge
- Supports both regional and systemic approaches to anatomy learning
- Designed for college level learning and to assist those studying and reviewing medical, nursing, allied health and related allied health science disciplines
What is included in Anatomy Flashcard Learning System (AFLS)?
- Digital Flashcard Set to assess and reinforce anatomy knowledge
- Comprehensive Learning Tables that give key structure information that is normally tested for
- Interactive structure identification, tables, images and flow charts to learn and assess student's anatomy understanding
What does Anatomy Flashcard Learning System (AFLS) cover?
- Structural identification and comprehensive key concept coverage of muscles, bones, nervous, veins, arteries and viscera
Click here to view a short demonstration video, or to contact us for more information or schedule a demonstration webinar just click here.

domain: biology


text:
SAN ANTONIO — Ahead of the premiere of his new movie, "Phoenix, Oregon," Saturday at the 41st annual CineFestival, San Antonio-born-and-bred actor Jesse Borrego stopped by KENS 5 to discuss his career, his participation in the Alamo City film landscape and the importance of Latino storytellers in cinema.
Part of that passion is rooted in his hometown, where he believes there's a myriad of unknown stories waiting to be told.
"One of my dreams is to tell the Texas-San Antonio history, but from the San Antonio perspective," he said. "We talk about the Anglo perspective from the heros who fought at the Alamo, which I think is such a small part of what San Antonio is. We talk about the Mexican perspective and the de la Peña diaries. But we don't talk about the San Antonio perspective."
If there's one thing to take away from this conversation, which you can watch in full below, it's that Borrego views success as coming with a responsibility to make sure those stories are told.
Borrego's new dramedy, "Phoenix, Oregon," directed by Gary Lundgren, has its Texas premiere at CineFestival Saturday at 8:30 p.m. The actor got his big break on the TV show "Fame" before going on to land roles in "Blood In, Blood Out," "Con Air," "24" and various other productions on the big screen, small screen and the stage.


text:
Cities are a major cause of greenhouse gas pollution. However, they are also the places driving change: From modernizing buildings to making mobility sustainable, cities have plenty of tools at their disposal to become climate-neutral. But the ecological transformation is expensive. So where does the money come from?
In this episode, Andreas Horchler talks to two experts in the field: Fritzi Köhler-Geib is chief economist at KfW Group, an important development finance bank. Gereon Uerz is Head of Sustainability at GROPYUS, a building company specializing in sustainable timber construction. Additional experts are Philipp Rode, Executive Director of LSE Cities and associate professorial research fellow at the London School of Economics, and Oliver Weigel, head of the division for urban development at the German Ministry of the Interior.
How can we finance the transformation to the zero carbon city?
“The most costly scenario of all is doing nothing” – Gereon Uerz
The urban transformation is not going to be cheap. According to a recent study by the KfW Group, Germany needs five trillion euros in order to become climate neutral by 2050. Instruments both old and new are on the table: From raising taxes to putting a price on carbon to issuing green bonds. The discussants weigh their pros and cons – while making clear: The costliest option would be to continue business as usual.
The city as a challenge and opportunity
“If we want to get anywhere, we need to find ways to mobilize larger parts of the society for the energy transitions” – Fritzi Köhler-Geib
“It’s the city, stupid” says Oliver Weigel, raising the point that cities are where we meet the challenges and profit from the opportunities offered by every transformation. Cities thus have the potential to serve as a blueprint for a sustainable future. But this requires bringing in civil society and renegotiating the use of public space, among other things. The transition to climate neutrality is feasible, Fritzi Köhler-Geib emphasizes. The necessary technologies exist. What now needs to be done is to set the right incentives, so that companies will choose climate-neutral technologies over conventional ones.
New Urban Progress is the joint metro initiative of Das Progressive Zentrum, the Alfred Herrhausen Gesellschaft and the Progressive Policy Institute. The project is supported by the Transatlantic Program of the Federal Republic of Germany and funded by the European Recovery Program (ERP) of the Federal Ministry of Economics and Energy (BMWi).

domain: news


text:
India: Worst locusts attack in 27 years
In the western and central parts of India, the desert locust flags have begun to destroy crops, the worst attack in 27 years in the country.
The administration is using drones, tractors, and vehicles to spray pesticides to kill locusts.
In the states of Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh, 8 to 10 Locust swarms are attacking an area of every square kilometer (0.3 miles).
In both states, locusts have caused extensive damage to seasonal crops and the already troubled farmers have been hit hard by the coronavirus lockdown.

domain: agronomy


US 7945918 B2
A simulator of WBEM/CIM indication providers conforming to the CIM Indication Provider object specification simulates both the CIM indication provider and the means to drive the associated CIM events. The simulator comprises three functionally unique pieces: one or more CIM indication provider drivers, one or more CIM event trigger drivers, and a control application. This modularization creates flexibility in configuring the simulator to stress test different aspects of an operating system's underlying support for CIM indications. Modularization also makes the simulator design operating system independent. Provision is made in the simulation for generation of additional CIM events as background activity on the operating system.
1. Apparatus for simulating an indication provider to test operating system support functionality therefor in a computer system in which an indication provider monitoring for events and executing on an operating system platform interacts over an interface with such support functionality, the support functionality being specific to the operating system platform, the apparatus comprising:
a platform-dependent driver portion for interacting with the support functionality over the interface; and
a platform-independent control portion for controlling the driver portion to interact with the support functionality over the interface.
2. The apparatus of
an indication provider driver portion responsive to a request for a function related to monitoring for an event; and
an event trigger driver portion responsive to a request for a function related to triggering a specific event.
3. The apparatus of
4. The apparatus of
5. The apparatus of
6. The apparatus of
7. The apparatus of
8. The apparatus of
9. The apparatus of
10. The apparatus of
11. The apparatus of
12. A method for simulating an indication provider to test operating system support functionality therefor in a computer system in which an indication provider monitoring for events and executing on an operating system platform interacts with the support functionality over a first interface that is dependent on the operating system platform, the method comprising the steps of:
directly driving the support functionality over the first interface using a driver module without using the indication provider as an intermediary; and
controlling the driver module via a control module coupled to the driver module over a second interface that is independent of the operating system platform.
13. The method of
triggering a specific event on the operating system platform using an event trigger driver module controlled by the control module.
14. The method of
15. The method of
16. The method of
17. The method of
18. A computer program product stored on a non-transitory computer usable medium, comprising computer readable program means for causing a computer to perform the method of
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to a method and apparatus for simulating an indication provider, especially a WBEM/CIM indication provider for the purpose of testing a computer operating system's underlying support for such indication providers.
2. Description of the Related Art
The Common Information Model (CIM) is an open standard that, according to its promulgator, the Distributed Management Task Force (DMTF), “provides a common definition of management information for systems, networks, applications and services, and allows for vendor extensions”; its common definitions “enable vendors to exchange semantically rich management information between systems throughout the network”. CIM has been developed in conjunction with Web-Based Enterprise Management (WBEM), characterized by the same promulgator as “a set of management and Internet standard technologies developed to unify the management of distributed computing environments”; WBEM “provides the ability for the industry to deliver a well-integrated set of standard-based management tools, facilitating the exchange of data across otherwise disparate technologies and platforms”. Current versions of CIM and WBEM are well known in the art and are described on Web pages published by DMTF. The basic relationship between the two standards is that CIM provides underlying support for WBEM.
WBEM and CIM have the notion of ‘indication providers’. An indication provider is a mechanism (implemented in software) that allows an end user or controlling program to monitor for the occurrence of ‘CIM event(s)’ of interest on a target computer system and to be notified when the event has occurred. In the WBEM architecture, the end user or controlling program is operating system independent (at a source code or application programming interface (API) level), while the indication provider is operating system dependent. In addition, the end user or controlling program may be executing on the target operating system or on a remote system.
As depicted in
In general, the present invention contemplates a method and apparatus for simulating an indication provider to test operating system support functionality therefor as defined in the appended independent claims. Preferred embodiments thereof are defined in the subclaims. The invention is preferably implemented as a software program, more particularly, a computer program product stored on a computer usable medium, comprising computer readable program means for causing a computer to perform the invention.
More particularly, the present invention contemplates an indication provider simulator, preferably a CIM indication provider simulator (CIPS), that combines a platform-independent control application with small replaceable platform-dependent drivers of the underlying operating system indication provider support. The control application contains functionality to support the concepts (e.g., WBEM/CIM concepts) basic to indication providers on any operating system platform.
Preferably, the platform-dependent drivers are divided into two sets. The first set of drivers consists of drivers associated with operating system-specific application programming interfaces (APIs) that monitor for CIM events. These APIs are used in a manner consistent with a real CIM indication provider object so that the underlying operating system indication provider support is exercised in a manner consistent with a real-world usage.
The second set of drivers consists of drivers associated with causing the system activity needed to trigger a CIM event. The amount of stress on the operating system's indication provider infrastructure is a function of the rate of triggering-related system events. This trigger rate is dynamically controllable by the end user of the simulator of the present invention.
Dividing the operating system-dependent drivers into two parts allows for multiple instances of simulators to cooperate in a test to allow additional control over the amount of stress placed on the target operating system indication provider support.
Furthermore, the simulator of the present invention is able to generate additional CIM event triggers that are not being monitored for by any CIM indication provider. This tests the underlying operating system indication provider support's ability to filter only events of interest.
Simulator 220 tests the operating system indication provider support 116 by allowing that support to be isolated from the overall WBEM/CIM architecture (elements 102, 104 and 112 in
Such an arrangement provides the following advantages. The control application 226 is platform independent (like the end user or controlling program 102, at a source code or API level) and can be used to test various operating systems besides the target operating system 114. This is especially important, as WBEM is intended to be a platform-independent architecture. The rate of stress on the target operating system 114 is dynamically determined by the tester via control of the rate of triggering events, as described below. Dividing the operating system-dependent drivers into two sets 222 and 224 allows for multiple instances of the simulator 220 to cooperate in a test with the intent of allowing additional control over the amount of stress placed on the target operating system.
Tables 1, 2, and 3 describe the set of functions implemented by each of the three simulator subcomponents.
The CIM indication provider drivers 222 respond to requests for the functions related to monitoring for CIM events that are listed in Table 1. These functions map directly to the required methods of a CIM indication provider as described by Open Pegasus CIM Indication Provider object specification. Background information on these functions may be found in the document entitled “PEGASUS Public APIs”, version 1.01, Oct. 30, 2003, Pegasus 2.3, especially the page for the class CIMIndicationProvider, available online from the Web site of The Open Group and incorporated herein by reference.
Because the indication provider driver 222 conforms to the Open Pegasus CIM Indication Provider object specification, it is feasible that an existing CIM indication provider object could be used directly as a CIPS indication provider driver. In practice, it is preferable that a specific driver be written for this purpose that is more generic in nature than an existing CIM indication provider.
Each function calls the operating system API or APIs 118 (
The CIM event trigger drivers 224 respond to requests for the functions listed in Table 2 related to triggering a specific CIM event. Each function calls the operating system API or APIs that are appropriate to accomplish the intended functionality. As in the case of the indication provider drivers 222, the operating system 114 may or may not provide APIs that correspond to these functions on a one-to-one basis. This applies especially to the ‘generate’ and ‘monitor’ functions. The ‘validate’ function is called directly by the simulator 220 (in response to a ‘receive’ of CIM indication data) and should preferably always be implemented.
The CIPS control application 226 provides a central point of control for the indication provider drivers 224 and event trigger drivers 226. One possible set of end user controls are listed in Table 3. These controls would typically (but not necessarily) be implemented as commands. Any suitable means may be used to enter these commands, such as a UNIX command line.
Most of the commands listed in Table 3 correspond directly to driving the functions defined for the CIM indication provider drivers 222 and the CIM event trigger driver 224. Two exceptions should be noted. The ‘noise’ and ‘unnoise’ commands are provided to control triggering events for which the simulator 220 is not subscribed. This is useful in testing the ability of the operating system indication provider support to filter only events of interest. The ‘statistics’ command allows for collection and reporting of data related to a specific event.
Next, the OS indication provider function 116 detects the event and determines that the simulator 220 is subscribed. It passes information about the event to the ‘monitor’ interface (
The final step is to pass the received event information to ‘validate’ (by invoking the ‘validate’ function of the event trigger driver 224) to be checked for accuracy.
The amount of stress on the OS indication provider support 116 is determined by the number and rate of different events being driven by the simulator 220.
The command set for the simulator 220 allows it to utilize only the functions of the indication provider drivers 222, only the functions of the CIM event trigger drivers 224, or the functions of both drivers 224 and 226 together. This allows the simulator 220 to run in several configurations as shown in
While particular embodiments have been shown and described, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications may be made without departing from the invention as defined in the appended claims. Thus, while the invention has been described in the environment of the IBM z/OS operating system running on an IBM System z server, the invention is not limited to any particular hardware/software platform. Further, while the invention has been described in the context of a WBEM/CIM environment, in its broadest aspects it is not necessarily so limited. Still other variations and modification will be apparent to those skilled in the art.


text:
Grim Reaper Live Wallpaper HD (Package Name: com.GrimReaperLiveWallpaperHD) is developed by Dream World HD Live Wallpapers and the latest version of Grim Reaper Live Wallpaper HD 2.5 was updated on September 20, 2018. Grim Reaper Live Wallpaper HD is in the category of Personalization. You can check all apps from the developer of Grim Reaper Live Wallpaper HD and find 4 alternative apps to Grim Reaper Live Wallpaper HD on Android. Currently this app is for free. This app can be downloaded on Android 4.1+ on APKFab or Google Play. All APK/XAPK files on APKFab.com are original and 100% safe with fast download. New collection of the Grim Reaper live wallpapers hd for you!
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domain: entertainment


text:
The Lelli Kelly Winter range has arrived and California has been an instant sparkly hit.
The glittery boot is getting a lot of attention and has even been featured in Hello magazine!
At The Golden Boot we stock Lelli Kelly California in three different colours, Barbie pink, a purple and silver mix and a more sedate black patent.
High Top trainers are very trendy for kids at the moment and as always Lelli Kelly has given the style a glittery finish that little girls will love, here is a taster-
Here is the black patent option, finished with a pretty pink rose charm.
The bright pink California boot is finished with velvet laces and dusted with glitter.
The metallic silver Lelli Kelly California boot is the most sparkly of all, it even has glittery laces!
What’s more you get two free gifts with every purchase of the trainer, a pair of leg warmers and a light up bunny pen.

domain: design


text:
I fell in love with this image in the moment I’ve seen it. Beautiful atmosphere and lovely color pallete, somehow quiet and mysterious.
Day 282. This year’s most super moon of all… rising through the slightly smoky layer, as viewed from Table Cape. Those of you familiar with the NW coast of Tasmania might take note of the small ship at the bottom right of the frame – yes, that’s the Toll ship on the way out. Really gives a sense of scale doesn’t it??

domain: geography


Patrick Ness’ celebrated science fiction novel The Knife of Never Letting Go, the first book in the Chaos Walking series, is brought to life on the big screen by filmmaker Doug Liman, who reinvented the action movie with The Bourne Identity and challenged familiar science fiction trope into the original and dazzling film Edge of Tomorrow.
In the not-too-distant future, Todd Hewitt (Tom Holland) discovers Viola (Daisy Ridley), a mysterious young woman who crash lands on his planet, where all the women have disappeared and the men are afflicted by The Noise – a force that puts all of their thoughts on display. In this dangerous landscape, Viola’s life is threatened, and as Todd vows to protect her, he must discover his own inner power and unlock the planet’s dark secrets.
A global theatrical experience for all audiences, the screenplay for Chaos Walking was crafted by Ness and Christopher Ford (Spider-Man: Homecoming).
Patrick Ness is the author of twelve books for adults and teenagers, is published in over forty languages, and, amongst numerous other awards, won the prestigious Carnegie Medal twice in a row. He has worked as a screenwriter for Sony, Material and Entertainment One, created and wrote the eight-part Doctor Who spinoff Class for the BBC, and is currently working on projects for Warner Bros. and Apple. Ness won an Olivier for the stage version of his book A Monster Calls, which he also adapted for the screen (2016, directed by J.A. Bayona and starring Sigourney Weaver and Felicity Jones). His most recent novel, Burn, was published to critical acclaim last year.
Christopher Ford, whom Liman brought in to co-write the script, calls Chaos Walking, “a heightened sci-fi adventure about what happens when humans arrive on a planet, and due to some incredible circumstances they fall from the high level of technology of Earth in the 26th century. But it’s really about a boy and girl trying to figure out how to interact with one another. It’s such a relatable theme, and that’s why it’s grabbed so many readers, especially young people, who are beginning to try and figure out all those things.”
Christopher Ford is an award-winning screenwriter based in Oakland, CA. He has written films across genres from comedy to drama to horror and is drawn to stories that explore themes of humanity and technology. Past credits include Spider-Man: Homecoming, Cop Car, the Sundance award winner Robot & Frank, and others.
What if your innermost thoughts were always on display?
The story is set in the year 2257 A.D., on a distant planet known as New World, the male settlers are bombarded every second of every day with each other’s thoughts, in the form of an unrelenting cacophony of sounds, called The Noise. It drove the men insane because women could also hear and see their thoughts, while the women’s remained hidden. After the women were killed off, purportedly by the planet’s indigenous species, the men remain haunted, if not tortured, by the endless barrage of their thoughts come to life.
According to author and co-screenwriter Patrick Ness, the architect of this incredible and foreboding world through his acclaimed trilogy of books, “The Noise is everything you think, fantasize about, wish for, and believe in. It’s the human mind, completely unedited. The disparity between the sexes, which was triggered by The Noise, makes up so much of the history of New World. It’s ever-present – and an intense part of the experience of the film.”
The Noise is one of the most fascinating and singular aspects of the books and, now, the film, and was one of several key elements that drew filmmaker Doug Liman to the project. Having reinvented the action movie with The Bourne Identity and turned what could have been a familiar science fiction trope into the original and dazzling film Edge of Tomorrow, Liman embraced the fact that The Noise gave him so much to play with in bringing to life the phenomenon’s unique terrors, from which no character can hide their truth.
Patrick Ness’ celebrated first book in his Chaos Walking trilogy, The Knife of Never Letting Go, was published in 2008, and immediately drew attention for its central conceit – an inventive extrapolation of our world under siege from information overload.
“It felt like we were already loud, especially if you’re a sensitive soul,” says the author, who also penned the best-selling novel A Monster Calls, as well as its film adaptation. “We now use technology and media to shout at each other and at the world. So, I thought, what if the next logical step was that you couldn’t get away from the shouting. It’s a terrifying idea because the brain is a messy place and The Noise is the living, breathing face of that mess.
“When teenagers read the Chaos Walking books, and when they see the film, they aren’t seeing a distant future. They’re seeing an emotional representation of their daily lives,” Ness sums up.
The visionary filmmaker taking on these bold ideas and characters is Doug Liman, who brings a unique sensibility and perspective to building the world of Chaos Walking. He is well known for breaking the rules, and that, says Ness, “works perfectly for this story.”
Doug Liman is a film and television director and producer. His began his career with the 1996 audience favorite Swingers and has directed film titles including Fair Game, The Wall, Go, American Made, The Bourne Identity, Mr. and Mrs. Smith, Edge of Tomorrow / Live Die Repeat, and Locked Down. In the television space, Liman has directed and produced two seasons of the hit series Impulse, based on his feature film Jumper through his Hypnotic label. He also served as executive producer of nine seasons of Suits, the first season of The O.C. (for which he also directed the pilot), five seasons of Covert Affairs, and numerous other TV shows. Liman also works on web, non-linear and VR content through his label 30 Ninjas, which earned a listing in the Guinness Book of World Records for their show Invisible as the first scripted VR series. He serves on the board of the Legal Action Center and the Arthur Liman Public Interest Program at Yale Law School.
A World-Changing New Arrival
Ridley’s Viola crash-lands on New World, the sole survivor of a spacecraft scouting for the larger mothership, which was bringing a second wave of settlers to this distant planet. Her impact on the men, who haven’t seen a woman in years, is immediate and powerful, especially on young Todd, who had never before laid eyes on a member of the opposite sex.
Ness, and now Liman, envisioned the character as being something readers and audiences had not seen before.
“I had grown tired of stories where the boy was brave and a little bit thick, and the girl was brainy and sassy, and together they solve crimes,” Ness explains. “I thought, why can’t they be equally smart, scared, messed up, and glorious in their curiosity. Viola is strong, but there are moments when she’s tentative, like Todd. I wanted her to be a fully human, complicated person because that’s what teenagers are about – discovering that they are a contradiction. The story is about them both learning that they have the capability of relying on someone other than themselves, which is a huge step. Their adventure is not about how to avoid failure; it’s about how you address those failures.”
Among the books’ legions of fans was one Daisy Ridley, fresh off her turns as the heroic Rey in the recent Star Wars Trilogy, who says she “devoured” them upon being asked to portray Viola. “Like the books, our film is an amazing action-adventure, as well as a compelling look at gender politics,” Ridley notes. “What happens if something drastic happens to one gender and not the other? How does that affect the dynamics within a community? Viola and Todd are on a big adventure, but there is so much underneath that they’re figuring out.”
Moreover, Ridley appreciated how the story presents “a kind of emotional dystopia and an extension of today’s social media landscape, where people put things out into the world without perhaps thinking of the repercussions. The film reflects our current states of information overload and oversharing.”
Ridley embraced the character’s failures, strengths, and first, tentative steps to understanding her unexpected partner in adventure, Todd. “Viola is the catalyst of Chaos Walking,” she points out. “Viola and her crewmates had traveled to New World believing they were going to find a better life. But after she crashes on the planet, Viola must recalibrate her expectations and somehow make the best of it. She is isolated and has lost everyone she knows. At the same time, Viola is also the funniest character in the film – not in the sense of making jokes, but in the way she perseveres despite incredible obstacles. She’s relentless on her journey, but naïve about her new environment. That makes for some fun moments.”
Ridley credits her onscreen partner, Holland, who of course plays your friendly neighborhood Spider-Man in several Marvel Cinematic Universe blockbusters, with helping her build the unusual dynamic between the two characters. “Tom brings so much to the role,” she says. “He plays a young man on the cusp of adulthood, and he makes us understand why Todd chooses to run with Viola. The audience has to really be with the two of them on this journey, and I think the film succeeds with that.”
Those special moments include a rite of passage for teens: the first kiss. But The Noise once again proves to be an enormous complication. “It’s a sweet thing and also very funny,” says Ridley. “Todd has just met a girl for the first time and his brain, and Noise, are in overdrive.” The Noise renders an audio and visual manifestation of his attraction to Viola, as well as a stew of confusing signals, which surprise, repel, and intrigue the young woman.
Ridley further asserts that Todd’s awkward, uncomfortable and hilarious gesture, has a lot of relatability. “Audiences will remember that kind of feeling. It also adds to the evolving relationship between Viola and Todd, and it’s nice to see a young man and woman become good friends and help each other out.”
Screenwriter Ford enjoyed helping shape the character, noting that Viola is “relentless in her mission and she’s super-tough. At times, Todd becomes a kind of sidekick to this really strong woman, who’s not taking any guff.”
The story’s principal antagonist is Mayor David Prentiss, the leader of the village outside of which Todd resides. Prentiss is a charming, ruthless, and power-hungry figure whose goal is to rule over all of New World, having already taken control of the settlement that bears his name, Prentisstown. “He’s the boss and nobody gets near that,” warns Mads Mikkelsen (Casino Royale, Hannibal), who takes on the role.
But there’s an intriguing complexity to Prentiss that sees him assume an almost paternalistic interest in Todd, who’s impressed the imposing leader with his ability to control some of his Noise. Moreover, says Mikkelsen, Prentiss has “a troubled relationship with his son, Davy. Prentiss sees Davy as a disappointment, even though the young man is trying his best to live up to his father’s ambitions.
Of course, none of this sits well with Davy, says Nick Jonas. “Jealousy is a big drive for Davy and his father mentoring Todd drives him crazy, to the point where Davy begins to unravel physically and emotionally. I appreciated how he embodies the town’s physical violence and aggression.”
“It’s the classic story,” Mikkelsen continues, “about trying to get the approval of your dad, who is looking somewhere else – in this case, at Todd. He thinks Todd has a certain brilliance and potential that he does not see in Davy. Prentiss sees Todd as the future of this pathetic town, and is intrigued that Todd can manipulate The Noise in a more effective manner than others.”
Creating a New Cinematic Vision
Visual effects on-set supervisor Jeff White, who has twice been Oscar-nominated for Best Visual Effects (Marvel’s The Avengers, 2012) and winner of an Academy Award Scientific and Technical Award, notes that the key to creating the cinematic vision of The Noise was “finding the balance between something that’s purely abstract, where we’re representing the characters’ emotions through color, line work, and movement; and conveying important story elements through The Noise. The audience will experience what’s happening in the characters’ heads. We wanted them to understand, right away, the importance of The Noise and what it was revealing about New World. The Noise becomes a part of that world; it becomes a physical thing. Each character’s noise is unique.”
White devised some initial and intriguing concepts for the phenomenon, but it was visual effects supervisor Matt Johnson who came up with the final iteration of The Noise. Early on, Johnson says he “riffed on the idea of noise pollution and of ‘stuff’ in the air. We wanted The Noise to feel organic and not like magic or pixie dust in the sky. The Noise is very much a byproduct of New World.”
Johnson was inspired by simple but relatable things like the sheen of water vapor emitted by lawn sprinkling systems. “It’s very much in line with the film’s earthy style,” he observes.
Johnson divided the types of Noise into what he calls different “levels” and always considered the fact that whenever the characters had powerful thoughts, “the audience needed to see them. The effect was triggered by previously recorded audio of the actors recording their thoughts. We analyzed the sounds’ peaks and troughs, and loud percussive dialogue was reflected in the respective imagery of The Noise.”
Todd’s signature Noise, says Johnson, “can be powerful and realistic because he was born of the planet and of The Noise. For example, when he conjures up a snake.” In addition, Todd has a kind of Noise mantra, in which he repeats his name over and over again as a way of hiding his secrets from others. But some of his deepest thoughts and yearnings, especially those about his new companion, Viola resist even a seasoned Noise practitioner’s control. This points to what Johnson terms The Noise’s “final” level – when images of people or animals appear.
Another major character, Mayor Prentiss uses his Noise “like a Zen master,” describes Johnson. “He has mastered his thoughts.” Like Todd, he has a mantra, “I am the circle; the circle is me,” to hide his innermost thoughts. “He doesn’t want people to know what he’s thinking, so we created a Noise imagery for him of an ethereal blue spiral, as if he were meditating.”
The figure of Preacher is all about fire and brimstone, so his Noise needed to frighten the other characters – and the audience. “His Noise is a swarming, flaming mass that would flare and recede around him, and give a violent feeling,” says Johnson, who admits this was his favorite Noise to devise.


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Ubisoft whets fans’ appetite for ‘Assassin’-ation
The Montreal-based game developer just released a three-ep 'prequel' on YouTube to build buzz for the November release of the next game in the incredibly rendered and intricately plotted Assassin's Creed franchise.
In a strategy to both give hardcore fans a sneak peak and new fans an introduction, Montreal game developer Ubisoft today released on YouTube the first episode of a three-ep animated video series as a prequel to the Nov. 17 release of its of its new game, Assassin’s Creed II.
The miniseries, called Assassin’s Creed: Lineage, features events that happen before Assassin’s Creed II starts, introduces new characters and gives a back story to the plot line of the new game. Developed by Ubisoft Digital Arts and Ubisoft’s Hybride Technologies studio, the 15-minute videos feature a combination of live action and CGI.
This is the first time that Ubisoft has developed such a project, which came to be as a result of Ubisoft’s aquistion of Hybride Technologies in 2008. The goal is to expand Ubisoft’s brand reach into new mediums and provide gamers with a more ‘immersive experience,’ Yves Guillemot, chief executive officer of Ubisoft, stated in a release.
The show will be promoted starting today for 24 hours on YouTube’s homepage in eight countries.
‘The films series is distributed online to reach all Assassin’s Creed‘s fans, but also audiences that are less familiar with the game but would be interested in discovering the Assassin’s Creed‘s universe,’ the release further states.


Braden at large, accused of removing GPS monitoring device while on bond
Police report former Town of Vail IT director may have received help from a person in a late model silver Toyota 4Runner
Area law enforcement agencies are asking for the public’s help in locating a white male fugitive, 55-year-old Ronald James Braden.
Braden, the former Town of Vail IT director, is alleged to have removed his court-ordered GPS monitoring device to evade law enforcement. Twenty-four-hour GPS monitoring had been ordered by the court as a condition of Braden’s release on bond from the Eagle County Detention Facility on Aug. 27 following his arrest on July 4.
Braden’s GPS device sent a tamper alert at 12:45 p.m. on Friday and then stopped tracking. Braden’s two vehicles were found left in separate locations in Edwards and Avon. One vehicle was located at the Avon Walmart at about 1:30 p.m.
Braden is seen on security video being picked up from the Walmart parking lot in a late model silver Toyota 4Runner with factory roof racks and stickers on the back window.
Information gathered and GPS data from Braden’s cell phone indicate he may still be in Eagle County.
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Braden is the former Information Technology director for the Town of Vail who was arrested and charged with multiple crimes including violations of the Colorado Organized Crime Control Act, embezzlement of public property, theft, official misconduct, forgery and assault on a peace officer.
The charges resulted from an 18-month investigation in conjunction with the Federal Bureau of Investigation for theft of public funds. Braden resigned from the town’s employment after his 2018 arrest for soliciting a minor for prostitution.
Braden’s most recent arrest occurred on the morning of July 4 near Minturn when he was contacted by Vail officers with an arrest warrant.
During the arrest, Braden attempted to get back into his vehicle in which a loaded AR-15 rifle was later recovered. Because he is a previous offender, Braden is prohibited from possessing a firearm.
During the struggle Braden attempted to disarm one of the officers. Two of the three officers involved were injured, according to reports.
Braden has made threats toward the Town of Vail police and law enforcement in general, but is not regarded to be a threat to the general public, according to the Town of Vail.
The public is encouraged to exercise caution around Braden nonetheless, and to report any contact or sightings of him to the Vail Public Safety Communications Center at 970 479 2201, or by calling 911.


Posted by Editoress on 01/21/13
The Oprah Winfrey Network (OWN) received a significant ratings boost from its two-part interview with Lance Armstrong last week. OWN, which is financed by Discovery (ironically, a former Armstrong team title sponsor) has not had the viewership hoped for since it launched just over two years ago, however, the Armstrong interviews gave it a needed boost according to analysts.
The first night received 3.2 million viewers in the U.S., while the live streaming online version had 600,000 connections from 190 countries, as well as dominating social media sites (during the first night, Armstrong-related topics were the top-four trending topics on Twitter). An additional 1.1 million tuned in for a rebroadcast immediately afterwards. The interviews were also simulcast to over 100 countries in Europe, Asia and Latin America. Other international markets rebroadcast it over the weekend. Numbers for the second part of the interview have not been released yet.
In Canada, the network reached a peak viewership of 838,000 during the first night, with an average of 715,000 total viewers, according to rating agency BBM Canada. It made the first part the highest rated show across all Canadian English-language cable networks in the 25-54 age group.
Industry publication Ad Age reported that OWN was receiving $100,000 for a two ad buy, approximately 40%-50% more than average other major events on the network.
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July 22, 1990
Robert W. Stewart quotes Dannemeyer's press secretary, Paul Mero, as saying, "To us, it's those who believe in a God against those who don't." This echoes what Dannemeyer wrote in a Times Op-Ed piece on Nov. 8, 1981: "The First Amendment provides freedom for religion. The modern interpretation for absolute freedom from religion is erroneous and logically impossible." And what the head of his party, then-Vice President George Bush, told a Chicago airport press conference in August, 1987: "I don't know that atheists should be considered as citizens, nor should they be considered as patriots.
June 28, 1990 |
Victims in child abuse cases may testify without actually appearing in court and directly confronting those they accuse, the Supreme Court ruled Wednesday, upholding laws in at least 25 states--including California--designed to protect child witnesses from trauma.
June 19, 1990 |
Police officers may ask a drunk-driving suspect to answer routine questions and videotape his slurred responses without warning him of his constitutional right to remain silent, the Supreme Court said Monday. The 8-1 decision creates an exception to the Miranda doctrine for "routine booking questions" at a police station. The ruling also upholds the growing use by the police of videotape, which can be a powerful weapon for prosecutors.
January 18, 1992 |
New Supreme Court Justice Clarence Thomas may be showing the first signs of being a conservative hard-liner ready to sharply restrict the protections of the Constitution. In a little noticed concurring opinion filed this week, Thomas joined the Bush Administration and Justice Antonin Scalia in urging a new approach to limiting a defendant's ability to confront his accusers in court, a traditional right set forth in the Constitution.
May 21, 1991 |
The Supreme Court, in its first ruling upholding so-called rape-shield laws, said Monday that a rape suspect does not have an absolute constitutional right to tell a jury about an earlier sexual relationship with his accuser. In the 1970s, nearly every state enacted laws to forbid court testimony that exposed the private life of a rape victim. Women's rights advocates had complained that rape suspects tried to save themselves by ruining the reputations of their victims.
September 26, 1989 |
Former HUD Secretary Samuel R. Pierce Jr. refused to answer questions today from a House panel investigating housing scandals, invoking his Fifth and Sixth Amendment rights. He contended that he had been "prejudged by this body." Pierce, compelled to appear by a subpoena, accused the subcommittee of trying to rush him into testifying without adequate preparation and said he hopes to tell his story later.


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by published under the auspices of the Hamlyn Trust [by] Stevens, Juta in London, Cape Town .
Written in English
|Statement||by the Hon. O. D. Schreiner.|
|Series||Hamlyn lectures -- 19th ser.|
|The Physical Object|
|Pagination||xii, 105 p.|
|Number of Pages||105|
As a general rule, South Africa follows English law in both criminal and civil procedure, company law, constitutional law and the law of evidence; while Roman-Dutch common law is followed in the South African contract law, law of delict (tort), law of persons, law of things, family law, etc. With the commencement in of the interim. law in South Africa. Modern South African law consists of a conglomeration of so-called transplanted laws made up of a mixture of Roman-Dutch law and English common law, as well as indigenous laws, referred to as customary law. In spite of customary law being the lawFile Size: KB. The principle of the rule of law Section 1 of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, (the ‘Constitution’) states that: ‘[t]he Republic of South Africa is one, sovereign, democratic state founded on the following values: (a) Human dignity, the achievement of equality and the advancement of human rights and freedoms. The single factor that will turn a vulnerable or destitute person into a victim of human trafficking is the basic absence of the Rule of Law. The Rule of Law is the concept that a functioning society needs an accessible, independent and transparent legal system, along with a set of laws that everyone, including the government, follows.
law, Political theory and the rule of law, Democracy, The rule of law and the role of the judiciary, The rule of law and justice, Adjudication and changing values, 3 The rule of law and justice under South Africa’s parliamentary sovereignty system, The rule of law and justice under colonial era, The rule of law and. T.W. BENNETT, A SOURCEBOOK OF AFRICAN CUSTOMARY LAW FOR SOUTHERN AFRICA ()); see also T.W. Bennett, The Compatibility of African Customary Law and Human Rights, AcTA JURID (discussing the role of customary law in South African legal reform). 3. the south african private law has been referred to as the constitutionalisation of this area of law as a general rule south africa follows english law in both criminal and civil procedure company law from amazons book store everyday low prices and free delivery on eligible orders african private law which is largely built. There cannot be rule of law without the carrying out of orders, so Q&A: The Rule of Law in South Africa 4 it is important for judiciaries to help each other in Africa; allied institutions must speak up when a particular judiciary is not acting independently.
most aspects of South African private law. In , however, the Netherlands ceded the Cape to Britain, and English law was then imposed in all public and commercial matters.2 During the course of the nineteenth century, Roman-Dutch and English laws were merged gradually into a single legal system that has come to be. Whereas the reception and operation of English law in West and East Africa have been the subject of much study over the last few years, the introduction and application of Roman-Dutch law in Southern Africa (apart from South Africa itself) have received scant treatment. 1 This article deals only with the position in Lesotho and attempts to show the extent to which Lesotho's legal system is. As the head of the only multilateral organization in the world exclusively devoted to advancing the rule of law and development, headquartered here in Rome and present in a number of African countries, I am honored to address the first Italy Africa Ministerial Conference. Though laws of segregation had been in place since the 19 th century, Hendrik Verwoerd’s government introduced crucial laws in the dispossession of blacks from their ancestral land. The era of Apartheid rule saw forced removals, migrant labour and the deprivation of basic human rights.

domain: library


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DURHAM, N.C. – Duke Blue Devils forward Elizabeth Williams became the first four-time All-America in school history, after receiving second team accolades by espnW, as announced by the school on Saturday.
Williams earned Associated Press All-America accolades along with other honors her first three years.
This is the first All-America distinction of the 2014-15 season that has been released.
Alana Beard was a three-time All-America for the Blue Devils as the next closest Duke standout.
Williams heads into the 2015 NCAA Tournament averaging 14.7 points, 8.9 rebounds, 2.5 assists, 2.9 blocks and 1.6 steals for the Blue Devils.
She currently ranks 16th in the NCAA in blocks and currently leads all centers nationally with a 2.5 assist per game average.
The six-foot-three-inch, four-time ACC Defensive Player of the Year owns 10 double-doubles on the year, including five in ACC action.
On the espnW First Team All-America squad was Nina Davis (Baylor), Jewell Loyd (Notre Dame), Tiffany Mitchell (South Carolina), Breanna Stewart (UConn) and Amanda Zahui B. (Minnesota).
Listed on the Second Team along with Williams was Moriah Jefferson (UConn), Samantha Logic (Iowa), Kelsey Mitchell (Ohio State) and Kaleena Mosqueda-Lewis (UConn).
Williams became just the second Duke standout to be listed on the All-ACC first team four times earlier this month and was the first four-time ACC Defensive Player of the Year selection.
Williams and Beard are the only two Duke players to earn four All-ACC Defensive Team honors as well.
In the ACC stats, Williams ranks 10th in scoring (14.7), seventh in rebounding (8.9), tied 11th in field goal percentage (49.3) and first in blocked shots (2.9).
It marked the third straight season Williams has earned the honor.
Duke awaits its at-large bid in the upcoming NCAA Tournament, making its 22nd overall trip to the postseason – the 21st straight season doing so.


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Ikea, Microsoft and Steam. Just a few things we’ll be looking at in this week’s Beyond.
There’s so much to discuss on this week’s Beyond Insanity. Cyberpunk, Black Mesa and Sony are just the start…
This week on Beyond Insanity we take a look at the PS5’s UX, Why Biden is getting into gaming and Facebook.
It’s the season of Sony and Beyond Insanity intents to check out what’s going on, we’ll also be looking at the many faces of Resident Evil and debate crunch.
This week, Microsoft buys the entire games industry, Amazon tries to beat Stadia, and Crysis still makes PCs weep.
This week Beyond Insanity take a look at the Xbox Series X announcement, Kotaku UK and Ubisoft
We’re back with your video game news and our quirky brand of madness. Join us as we discuss Fall Guys, Rocksteady and Bungie Steaks
On Beyond Insanity we take a look at the Tony Hawk, a season pass for Fallout 76, how G2A was inevitably wrong and The Artifact Reboot
This week, we’re talking about a Playable Teaser, the most popular game from 5 years ago, and spoiling games almost as old as we are.
This week on Beyond Insanity, it’s basically a special for The Game Awards 2019, so we’ll be talking about all the stuff that happened from that.