Fantasy Football Start/Sit: Week 13 (2020)
Once again, 2020 has dragged us into uncharted waters. Wednesday is typically the time to review waiver-wire claims and begin planning for the upcoming week. NFL fans are instead gearing up to watch an afternoon game between the Ravens and Steelers.
This Week 12 game leaves a lot in the air before researching Week 13 lineups. To avoid further confusion, let’s look beyond the Pittsburgh/Washington and Baltimore/Dallas matchups currently scheduled for Monday and Tuesday, respectively.
Of course, this situation serves as a sobering reminder that the pandemic is far from over, and more cases are likely to keep wreaking havoc on the remaining NFL schedule. Plenty could change from Wednesday to Sunday. We can all only work with what we have, drawing help from the early Expert Consensus Rankings (ECR) for half-PPR leagues.
Start: Ryan Tannehill (TEN) vs. CLE: QB8 ECR
Each of Tannehill’s last four opponents (Colts twice, Bears, and Ravens) rank inside the top 10 of fantasy points allowed to quarterbacks prior to Baltimore’s atypical Wednesday contest. Prior to that stretch, he placed ninth among quarterbacks with 22.0 fantasy points per contest. He also fared fine in the last two weeks (QB6 and QB9) despite a lateral to Derrick Henry getting changed to a rushing touchdown. After playing through a brutal string of weather for three weeks, the Browns gave up 235 passing yards and two touchdowns to Mike Glennon in Week 12. They were allowing 31.6 points per game prior to Mother Nature’s heavy-handed intervention in Weeks 8-11, so this is a good matchup for a good fantasy starter.
Start: Kirk Cousins (MIN) vs. JAC: QB12 ECR
Here are Cousins’ weekly quarterback finishes over his last five games: QB25, 18, 11, 5, and 3. He’s guaranteed to finish first or second in Week 13! Maybe not, but he is well-positioned for another solid outing. Even without Adam Thielen, Cousins tossed over 300 passing yards with three touchdowns for the second game in a row. He might get Thielen back in time to face the Jaguars, who have permitted the third-most fantasy points to quarterbacks and the second-most yards per pass attempt. The only concern here is that the Vikings stay on the ground all day, but they have notched just one win by more than eight points this season. If Baker Mayfield can finish as the QB12 against Jacksonville despite missing a wide-open touchdown, Cousins should coast to a starting-caliber line.
Sit: Matt Ryan (ATL) vs. NO: QB16 ECR
There’s now little merit to citing the Saints’ 2020 defensive ranks after skewing their numbers against the quarterback-less Broncos. Right before that bizarre occurrence, however, they contained Ryan to 232 passing yards, no touchdowns, and two interceptions on 39 throws. The former MVP then hardly factored into a 43-6 triumph over the Raiders, going 22-of-39 for 185 yards, two touchdowns, and a pick. Having completed just 54.4% of his passes in three starts without Julio Jones, it’s an easy call to sit Ryan if Jones isn’t back from a hamstring injury. Getting his star wideout back at least brings Ryan into the QB1 conversation, but he’s already gone six games with one or zero passing touchdowns.
Sit: Carson Wentz (PHI) at GB: QB19 ECR
Wentz’s 20 fantasy points are highly deceiving for anyone who valued their time enough not to watch the Eagles play football Monday night. While it was far too late to swing the actual matchup’s outcome, he salvaged his fantasy outing with a 33-yard Hail Mary touchdown to Richard Rodgers. Wentz could once again produce garbage-time heroics, like Mitchell Trubisky also accomplished against the Packers on Sunday night, but he also could get benched for Jalen Hurts.
Start: Clyde Edwards-Helaire (KC) vs. DEN: RB17 ECR
Edwards-Helaire seems to fall down the ECR every week. Following a lackluster 39-yard display in Week 12, antsy managers might consider benching the disappointing first-round pick (both in fantasy and the actual NFL Draft) before he does any more damage. After all, he’s totaled just 44 carries in the last five games, all Kansas City victories in which the juggernaut averaged 34.6 points. Why waste time running when you have Patrick Mahomes? That pass-heavy plan certainly made sense against Tampa Bay’s NFL-best rushing defense. As 14-point home favorites against the Broncos, Edwards-Helaire could see a bit more work. If not, he should at least get some red-zone action in the league’s most explosive offense.
Start: Nyheim Hines (IND) at HOU: RB21 ECR
Someone is going to have a productive day in the Colts’ backfield against a Texans defense permitting the second-most fantasy points to running backs. The tricky part, if Jonathan Taylor returns from the COVID/reserve list, will be figuring out who takes center stage. It’s not necessarily a zero-sum game. While Adrian Peterson scored two rushing touchdowns against Houston on Thanksgiving, Kerryon Johnson also compiled 98 total yards. With or without Taylor, Hines could have similar all-purpose production to Johnson. Although still yet to stay hyperactive in two straight contests, Hines has now helped fantasy managers immensely in three of his last five games. The Colts feeding him more running opportunities offers enough tantalizing upside to take the risk.
Start: Frank Gore (NYJ) vs. LV: RB29 ECR
I’m not saying you should start Gore as much as you reasonably could if no stronger alternatives are available. You’re still not using him if you can play legitimate RB2 such as David Montgomery, Raheem Mostert, or Kenyan Drake instead. If digging beyond the top-25 running backs for a decent option, the old man is at least going to offer some points. His carries have risen in each of the last three games, and he’s even snagged two or three catches in his last three matchups. The Jets allotted him 18 carries and three targets in last Sunday’s 20-3 loss to the Dolphins, so he should receive another 15-20 touches regardless of the game script against the Raiders. Gore has also drawn nine red-zone opportunities in New York’s last two games without La’Mical Perine.
Sit: Latavius Murray (NO) at ATL: RB27 ECR
Sunday’s win over the Broncos barely counts as an actual NFL game, so don’t read too much into Murray’s 19 carries for 124 rushing yards (both season-highs) and two touchdowns. The Saints were running out the clock to victory the second the game began. Prior to this outburst, Murray was averaging 10.2 carries for 42.7 yards per game. While Taysom Hill changes their offense’s style, Murray mustered 49 rushing yards (and a season-best 36 rushing yards) against the Falcons in Week 11. He’s still merely a touchdown-dependent running back playing with a quarterback who has hogged four rushing touchdowns in two starts. The Falcons also have a clear weakness, ranking 31st against the pass and sixth versus the run.
Sit: Zack Moss and Devin Singletary (BUF) at SF: RB30 and RB33 ECR
Moss has 59 touches in six games since returning to Buffalo’s lineup. Singletary has 60. Neither back has exceeded 15 in any of those contests. While Moss is averaging a pedestrian 45 total yards per game this season, Singletary found the end zone once this season — all the way back in Week 4. Don’t trust either of this duo against an above-average San Francisco run defense yielding 4.0 yards per carry.
Sit: James White (NE) at LAC: RB33 ECR
White took an unusual path to fantasy success last weekend, punching in his first two touchdowns of 2020 on the ground. Backers will obviously take the points, but they certainly wouldn’t have started him if they knew he would post minus-one receiving yard on just one target. Not only was White a non-factor in a suppressed New England passing offense, but he played just 20 snaps. That’s not a sustainable road to weekly flex value.
Start: Jarvis Landry (CLE) at TEN: WR25 ECR
Recommending Landry in Week 10 flopped because of heavy rain and gusting winds. In Week 12, we finally saw what he could do without Odell Beckham Jr. in a neutral climate. Along with producing his first touchdown on the season, Landry shattered his previous 2020 high with 143 receiving yards on eight catches. He now brandishes a 28.2% target share in the last five games — Beckham got hurt at the beginning of Week 7 — with a pair of 11-target outings. Such a hefty workload could lead to another big day against Tennessee’s 28th-rated passing defense.
Start: Michael Pittman Jr. (IND) at HOU: WR28 ECR
Pittman and Phillip Rivers had seven misconnections all season before failing to complete seven of nine targets in Week 12. The rookie offered just two catches for 28 yards against the Titans, but trust the opportunities to yield better results versus another weak AFC South defense. Only five teams have allowed more yards per pass attempt than the Texans, who have served up the seventh-most fantasy points to wide receivers.
Start: Sterling Shepard (NYG) at SEA: WR34 ECR
Like Gore, Shepard is a solid floor play from the New Jersey squads. He has hauled in 33 of 40 targets in five games since returning in Week 7. Aside from a Week 2 contest he left early, he has at least six catches in every contest this season. Colt McCoy isn’t a tremendous downgrade from Daniel Jones, especially for a possession receiver relying on short strikes rather than one explosive play. Although the Seahawks’ defense has improved in recent weeks, they’ve still relinquished the most fantasy points to receivers. Shepard is a decent PPR bet for a six-catch, 60-yard type of showing.
Sit: Jerry Jeudy (DEN) at KC: WR35 ECR
Drew Lock is an actual NFL quarterback, but he’s still last in completion rate (55.6%) among all qualified starters. His accuracy has hampered Jeudy, who has brought home just 37 of 78 targets (one in the Week 12 game everyone should throw out) and only topped five catches or 75 yards against the Falcons in Week 9. But couldn’t he get a ton of chances in garbage time against Kansas City? That wasn’t the case in Week 7, where he caught two of four targets for 20 yards in a 43-16 loss. Just five teams have ceded fewer fantasy points to wide receivers than the defending champions, so Jeudy might require some late stat-padding just to reach his 53.5-yard average.
Sit: Mike Williams (LAC) vs. NE: WR39 ECR
This all depends on your risk tolerance. Williams has now finished five games with fewer than five fantasy points. He’s averaging 15.9 points in the other five. The targets aren’t reliable, and his misses can’t be predetermined by matchups either. (See his four yards against Jacksonville.) New England just stifled DeAndre Hopkins and the entire Arizona passing offense, so only deploy Williams if desperate for one of his big splashes.
Sit: Jamison Crowder (NYJ) vs. LV: WR43 ECR
What a weird season. Crowder went from receiving double-digit targets in each of his first four games to 11 combined in his last three. The good and bad divided conveniently into games started by Sam Darnold and Joe Flacco, respectively, but that changed when he caught three of five targets from Darnold for 31 yards last Sunday. There’s another explanation for his decline. Crowder’s last high-volume game came in Week 6. Denzel Mims made his debut in Week 7. The rookie has bested Crowder in targets, catches, and receiving yards in all three of their games together. Breshad Perriman, meanwhile, has also emerged as a dangerous deep threat even in a lethargic offense. Both Perriman (WR49) and Mims (WR51) should leapfrog Crowder in the ECR as WR4 depth pieces.
Start: Robert Tonyan (GB) vs. PHI: TE7 ECR
Two weeks ago, I wrote that Tonyan can’t be trusted with Davante Adams hogging all of Aaron Rodgers‘ attention in Green Bay. He proceeded to catch all five of his targets and post a touchdown in back-to-back games. Tonyan certainly delivers when called upon, securing 37 of his 42 targets this season. Excluding Jason Witten, who has snagged all 11 targets, Tonyan has the highest catch rate of any non-running back. He’s remarkably efficient alongside an MVP-caliber quarterback and has seven touchdowns to his name. It’s hard to require much more for the majority of us not rostering a set-and-forget tight end.
Start: Mike Gesicki (MIA) vs. CIN: TE9 ECR
Starting Gesicki would feel much better if Ryan Fitzpatrick gets another start. The second-year tight end snapped a seven-game touchdown drought last week, and all three of his 2020 scores have come from Fitzpatrick. He’s averaging 5.0 targets and 45.1 yards in seven games started by the veteran after collecting just 133 yards in four games started by Tua Tagovailoa. While he also endured plenty of duds with Fitzpatrick under center, the 38-year-old previously unlocked Gesicki’s upside with a standout performance (8 catches, 130 yards, TD) in Week 2. Even if Tagovailoa returns, Gesicki is playable as a low-end TE1 against the Bengals, who have surrendered 10.0 fantasy points per game to tight ends following Evan Engram’s 129 yards in Week 12.
Sit: Austin Hooper (CLE) at TEN: TE14 ECR
Since returning from an appendectomy, Hooper has registered six catches for 56 yards in three games combined. He caught a touchdown when given clear skies in Jacksonville, but that counted for one of his two targets. Although his floor should be higher than the typical TE streamer when healthy and in a reasonable spot, Hooper has only once finished with double-digit fantasy points (half-PPR) or higher than TE14. Considering we’re merely hoping for the glory weeks of a five-catch, 50-yard stat line, it’s reasonable to wait for more volume before slotting him back into starting lineups.
Sit: Kyle Rudolph (MIN) vs. JAC: TE15 ECR
Rudolph should dip down the ECR if Thielen and/or Irv Smith Jr. return to action. Before setting 2020 highs in targets (eight), catches (seven), and receiving yards (68) in Week 12, the 31-year-old was a fantasy afterthought averaging 2.1 catches for 26.6 yards per game. Cousins has only targeted Rudolph inside the 10-yard line three times this season, which is hardly ideal for a 6’6″ tight end whose limited fantasy worth relies upon hitting paydirt.
If you want to dive deeper into fantasy football, be sure to check out our award-winning slate of Fantasy Football Tools as you navigate your season. From our Start/Sit Assistant – which provides your optimal lineup, based on accurate consensus projections – to our Waiver Wire Assistant – that allows you to quickly see which available players will improve your team, and by how much – we’ve got you covered this fantasy football season.


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A new beading pattern is now available for sale in my Etsy shop!
Make your own beaded Maltese dog pin or pendant. This 14-page PDF file includes a printable pattern, 34 color photos, and step-by-step instructions. This piece is suitable for Intermediate beaders. Please click the photo above for more details. You know you want to make one! 😉
If you would like to learn basic bead embroidery stitches before you make your beaded Maltese, please check out my Intro to Extreme Bead Embroidery tutorial. Happy beading from Boston! 😀

domain: design


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Iban migration to the Baram.
After the Batang Baram region was ceded by the Sultanate of Brunei to the Raj of Sarawak, some Sea Dayak leaders of the Second and Third Divisions applied to the Second Rajah, Sir Charles Brooke, G.C.M.G., for approval to migrate to the area.
Early in the 1890s Berendah of Skrang migrated with his followers and was ordered by the Resident Mr. Charles Hose to settle at Dabai above the present town of Marudi. After him came Kalang, also from Skrang, with a group of settlers. They were asked by Mr. Hose to settle at Sungai Berit above Lubok Nibong. Two years later another group came, led by Inggir of the Batang Lupar. Inggir and his people were given land by the Resident at Sungai Nipa, a left tributary of the Bakong. About three years later Rhu, Leban, and Apai Samban came from Skrang, and they were ordered to live in the Bakong proper. At the end of that year came Jampu, also from the Skrang, and he was asked by Mr. Hose to settle at Sungai Liam, another tributary of the Bakong River.
In 1896 Ngadan, a son of the well-known Chulo “Tarang” apai Dungkong of the Krian, Kalaka, came with Saribas people to settle at Malang, a branch of the Bakong River. His brother Tujoh. Who was the seventh child of Chulo “Tarang” (Tujoh means “seven”), and his cousin Jampang whose nickname was “Pintu Meru”, and a third son of Kedit “Rindang” of the Paku separated themselves from Ngadan. Tujoh led his followers to settle at Puyut, while Jampang settled at Lubok Nibong above the town of Marudi.
It was during this migration that Jampang and his brother-in-law, Graman “Tungkat Langit” of the Padeh, took a famous guchi jar with them to the Baram. This was the jar which Graman’s grandfather, the OKP Dana “Bayang”, looted when he fought against the Undup Dayaks near Simanggang in the days of the first Rajah. This jar was thought to bring luck; therefore all Dayaks who knew its legend were eager to drink water from it. At present, it is in the possession of Badong, a grand-daughter of Jampang of Lubok Nibong, Baram.
After the arrival of these Skrang, Saribas and Batang Lupar migrants in the Baram, Ganai “Buloh Balang” came from Bangat in the Second Division. He and his followers were ordered by Mr. Hose to live at Biar on the Bakong River. The rest of the Iban migration to the Baram took place after the year 1900. When the Iban first arrived in the Baram they met with the Narom people who lived below Marudi. Although the Naroms have all been converted to Islam now, they still live separately from the ordinary Malays at Marudi who profess the same religion. The Naroms speak their own language as well as Iban and Malay.
A decade after the first Iban had migrated to the Baram, a man named Jawa from Sabelak in the Krian brought his followers to Limbang. Shortly after their arrrival the Kadayan along the Mandalam tributary rebelled against the government. Munan, the Penghulu Dalam of Sibu, and Kalong “Mali Lebu” of Paku were commanded by the Rajah to quell the trouble with their Iban forces.

domain: library


Ideas to Help You Discover Hidden Cameras in Your Home
The increased production of spy cameras has made people spy at others, and they are likely to utilize these devices in hotels rooms or at your home. When you suspect that you are being spied on, you can use the following details to discover the hidden gadgets.
The developers of the spy cameras always work on developing the best types that will not have any, but the activities of the cameras can produce low buzzing or clicking sounds. You should consider checking your compound at night when there are minimal sounds to find out any strange noise.
You should scan all of your house electronics such as the smoke detectors, speakers, lamps and electrical outlets to ensure that they are no hidden cameras. When doing your regular checks, you should ensure that all your electronics and devices do not have any other external attachments of them.
It is easier to install a hidden camera as wall mountings, and you should check every detail of the house if it has fresh decorations. Even though these hidden cameras will have subtle features, the lenses may be visible due to the presence of glass and should take notice of any shiny substance inside your room.
The most used type of camera is the wireless spy cameras, but it is also easy to find people mounting the wired types of hidden cameras. It is essential to follow the trail of most wires in your home, and when you find a cable that leads nowhere, it can show that it is powering a discrete object.
The radio frequency detector can be used to find out any form of frequencies that are transmitted by the gadgets at home, and you can quickly identify the hidden camera. Before you can scan your entire house using the radio frequency detector, you should switch off most of the electronic components in your home.
Any recording devices can cause disturbances to your cellular network, and when making a call, you should move around to pick any crackling sounds as it can indicate that you are close to the recording tool. The best way to pick up the signals of the recording devices is by switching off the TV, radios, and speakers because they are known to cause call interference.
The new version of spy cameras will have unique components such as Wi-Fi which are used to track the gadget and it is vital to turn on your laptop or phone to scan for any presence of Wi-Fi signals. When you have established the various Wi-Fi signals in your room, it is essential to research them over the internet to find out more details about them because you can find reports if they are connected to surveillance device or not. You should maintain privacy in your house by doing due diligence to confirm that there is no spy gadget inside your home.


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Devotion Twins is a Greek brand inspired by the Grecian-chic culture and tradition. Since 2013 it launches the most authentic holiday lifestyle collection. All-time classic values and symbols of the greek civilization are depicted in natural fabrics, pure cottons & linens, woven and embroidered with hand-made details. The nature, the greek heritage and architecture are appeared in a modern edition under accurate harmony. The brand is defined by clean lines, minimal structures and geometric patterns, and is made entirely in Greece with great care and love.
100% woven Cotton.
All fabrics are pre-washed and are not affected by machine washing in cold water.
Short Elephant Dress by Devotion Twins
XS = 34
S = 36
M = 38-40
Length middle shoulder to hem:
Size XS approx. 93 cm (falls longer)
Size S approx. 95 cm
Size M approx. 97 cm
Width, measured on one side under the arms:
Size XS approx. 47 cm
Size S approx. 49 cm
Size M approx. 52 cm


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A map of Portrush.
Surfing lesson, sea angling, lifeboat, lichen on rocks, Big Dipper, grassy ban, beach hut, Phil’s amusements, bowling….and more!
This map measures 42 x 29.7cm and has been made with acrylic ink pens. I’ve used a
matt varnish to give it some protection.
I’ll send it to you rolled up in a postal tube, free shipping within Ireland.
Thanks for having a look!

domain: hobby


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Massive Disneyland Attraction Database
Above: The Dip and Tale's Stalactitehouse attraction, mistakenly considered to be the best Steamy attraction at Disneyland
Dip and Tale's Stalactitehouse
December 10, 2001
Avg. queue length:
Nobody can figure out what the objective of Dip and Tale's Stalactitehouse is. It used to have stuff to do, but the legal staff had it removed to steal some of the fun from Disneyland.
- Guests visiting with older children should be forwarned that this attraction exits into a candy store.
Guest Policies and Information
- Minimum height 39".
- For your safety and comfort, you should be in good health and free from liver, nasal, back, familial, or wrist complications or other conditions that could be aggravated by this attraction.
- During unexpected weather, this attraction may be suddenly abandoned by cast members.
- Guests may get wet on this attraction.
- The law requires you to hold your head and strollers inside the cast members at significant times.
- In a private location at the top of the Dip and Tale's Stalactitehouse, there is a snake-charming dojo for Disney executives.
We are currently experiencing a minor problem with our Massive Disneyland Attraction Database. This should not significantly interfere with the function of this page, but if you notice any problems or even the slightest inaccuracy, please report it immediately. Thank you for your costume.

domain: entertainment


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What information can you give me on buffer zones for organic cropland?
M.A.OhioAnswer: I am pleased to provide you with information on buffer zones for organic production. Once a field is eligible to produce a crop sold as organic, the farmer will need to manage the borders of the fields if the neighboring field has had substances applied that are not allowed under organic regulations. The National Organic Program (NOP) Section 205.202(c) states that any field or farm parcel from which harvested crops are intended to be sold, labeled, or represented as “organic,” must have distinct, defined boundaries and buffer zones such as runoff diversions to prevent the unintended application of a prohibited substance to the crop or contact with a prohibited substance applied to adjoining land that is not under organic management . A buffer zone is defined as “an area located between a certified production operation or portion of a production operation and an adjacent land area that is not maintained under organic management. A buffer zone must be sufficient in size or other features (e.g., windbreaks or a diversion ditch) to prevent the possibility of unintended contact by prohibited substances applied to adjacent land areas with an area that is part of a certified operation.”  The federal rule does not specify that a buffer zone be a specific width, but it must be of sufficient size to prevent drift or runoff of non-approved substances. The size of the buffer is determined by the organic producer and approved by the certifying agent on a case-by-case basis, depending on the risk of contamination by prohibited materials used on adjoining lands. Typically, 25 to 30 feet is generally accepted by certifying agents as adequate to prevent most contamination from a neighboring field. Buffer zones can be planted to grass, permanent trees, and/or shrubs. These plantings can provide habitat for birds, wildlife, and beneficial insects. Significant height in a buffer has the added benefit of protecting fields and organic crops from contamination by aerial movement of pesticides and from wind erosion.Buffer zones can be planted to a crop that is managed organically but is sold as conventional. If a crop is taken from the buffer zone it will need to be harvested separately from the organic crop and documented that it was harvested, stored and sold as non-organic. If the buffer is mowed for hay, the farmer must keep a written record of the hay harvest (name, date, location of buffer and crop harvested). Certifying agents can give you examples of buffer record forms. You can also download an example of a buffer record from ATTRA’s Organic Crops Documentation Form. Buffer zones are only needed when there is an organic crop being grown and only needed during the crop year when a prohibited product is being used by the neighbor. Certifying agents may require the farmer to have a signed statement from the neighbor when they are not using prohibited substances. Also, road crews, utilities, aerial spray companies, etc. can be notified not to spray along an organic farmer’s field. If a no-spray agreement cannot be reached, then the organic farmer can grow non-organic crops in the buffer zone, or leave it fallow.While it is important to remember that organic standards are process-based, (rather than product-based), the regulation does contain a maximum tolerance level for residues of prohibited substances. If there is reason to suspect contamination, and tests reveal that a product contains over 5 percent of the Environmental Protection Agency’s tolerance for a particular substance, then the product can no longer be sold as “organic”.References:. See the National Organic Program S205.202(c). Land Requirements.. See the National Organic Program s205.2. Terms defined for buffer zones. Midwest Organic & Sustainable Education Service. (2006). Transitioning to Organic Crop Production (FS604). Spring Valley, WI: MOSES.Riddle, Jim. (2005). Good Buffers Make Good Neighbors. Kutztown, PA: The Rodale Institute.

domain: agronomy


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Flick Electric Co. Comedy Gala
28 April 2017
The 2017 NZ International Comedy Festival powered by Flick Electric Co. will launch into high-voltage hilarity live at the Isaac Royal Theatre and Wellington Opera House with an electrifying line-up of what’s to come over the next three weeks. Hosted by Urzila Carlson and featuring crowd favourite Ed Byrne, US comedy legend Tony Woods, Australian sketch phenomena Aunty Donna, Chortle’s Best Comic Zoe Lyons and many more.
This will be an unforgettable night of fast-paced comedy, showcasing the stellar array of comedians at this year’s Comedy Fest.
Times are approx. and subject to change at any time.
Box Office Opens: 5.30pm
Doors Open: 7:30pm
Duration: 2 hours and 30 minutes (approx.)


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Hydrochlorothiazide and high calcium levels
These include the intravenous administration of calcium. potassium levels.. et al. Molecular identification of a renal urate anion exchanger that regulates blood urate levels. high potassium diet for. of hydrochlorothiazide in...Hydrochlorothiazide decreases urinary calcium excretion and may cause elevations of serum calcium. have high levels of calcium in your blood.I take lisinopril and had a blood test with high calcium. I had a blood test showing an elevated level of calcium.
Hydrochlorothiazide: MedlinePlus Drug InformationMedications for Calcium. is usually taken four times a day after meals to prevent kidney stones unless. is useful for patients with high levels of uric.The most common cause of high calcium levels (hypercalcemia) is an overproduction of parathyroid hormone, or hyperparathyroidism.
Read this article to find more on the causes and treatment measures for high calcium levels.Lisinopril can cause an increase in potassium levels in the blood.
What causes hypercalcemia along with hyperphosphatemia in
The most common side effects are elevated blood potassium levels, low blood pressure,.
I take lisinopril and had a blood test with high calciumThis may cause hypocalcemia, high blood potassium levels, and other.Hydrochlorothiazide is a thiazide diuretic (water pill). high levels of potassium in your blood, or if you are taking other diuretics similar to triamterene.Elevated urine calcium. et al. Hydrochlorothiazide reduces loss of cortical bone in normal postmenopausal.Some of the blood pressure medications that you are taking could affect your lipid levels. Calcium channel blockers.
Thiazide Effects and Adverse Effects | HypertensionHow I Treat Patients with Elevated Blood Pressure. calcium channel blockers inhibit the contraction of the blood vessels,. blood levels of cholesterol,.High levels of urinary calcium lead to crystals of calcium oxalate or calcium phosphate,.This eMedTV article explains how hydrochlorothiazide works. Calcium.
Hydrochlorothiazide,. with high levels of calcium in their blood.
Impact of Common Medications on Serum Total ProstateA normal adult dose may cause levels of this drug to be higher than normal.Treatment by Condition Related to lisinopril-hydrochlorothiazide.
Types of Blood Pressure Medications - heart.orgIf the calcium level does not. through interventions with low cost and high.
Hypercalciuria Treatment & Management: ApproachMEDICATIONS COMMONLY USED IN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE. High blood calcium concentration (thiazide diuretics). 7. blood level of creatinine kinase.Approximately 20 percent of individuals who form calcium oxalate stones have hyperoxaluria (high oxalate in their urine).
Thiazide diuretics (such as hydrochlorothiazide) can raise calcium levels in the blood.Learn about drug interactions between calcium citrate oral and hydrochlorothiazide oral. calcium citrate oral and hydrochlorothiazide.
How I Treat Patients with Elevated Blood Pressure
Vitamin D | Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterPharm test 2 practice questions. combined use of hydrochlorothiazide and digoxin poses a risk for elevated digoxin levels and ensuing. c. Calcium level of 9.
Blood Pressure Medications (Anti-hypertensives)Kidney Disease, High Blood Pressure,. hydrochlorothiazide, metolazone, torsemide Aldosterone.
Hydrochlorothiazide is a drug that is used to treat fluid retention and high blood pressure.If DYAZIDE (hydrochlorothiazide and. an elevated blood urea nitrogen level,.Concern level. 2.2. Hydrochlorothiazide and High Blood Pressure Hydrochlorothiazide and.Blood Pressure Hydrochlorothiazide for High Blood Pressure Hypercalcemia.Good option if you have both high blood pressure and heart failure.
The preferred screening test for primary hyperparathyroidism is the intact parathyroid hormone level.
Case 24-2016 — A 66-Year-Old Man with Malaise, Weakness
Parathyroid hormone and hydrochlorothiazide increase calcium transport.

domain: chemistry


Virginia’s Stance on Third-Party Challenges to Local Land Use Decisions
By Philip Carter Strother Environmental Law Reporter
The article presents a reprint of the article “Virginia’s Stance on Third-Party Challenges to Local Land Use Decisions” by Philip Carter Strother, which appeared in “Environmental Law Reporter”.
It explains the laws related to common land use matters and neighboring landowners’ land use actions. It also discusses the court case Logan v. City Council of the City of Roanoke in Virginia.
Philip Strother thanks Matthew Farley, a 2010 J.D. candidate at the University of Richmond School of Law, for assistance in researching, drafting, and editing.


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Harriet Tubman’s mother threatened to split the head of her owner if he took her son
by Marie Seva
Harriet Tubman once used a newspaper and pretended to read it to aid her in one of her escape journeys. This was just one of many things this great woman accomplished during her remarkable life. Below are a few more facts about this brave and strong-willed little woman:
1.) Harriet Tubman was born as Araminta Ross in Maryland. Her parents, Harriet Green and Ben Ross, were both slaves of two different owners, Mary Brodess and Anthony Thompson, who eventually married. Tubman had eight siblings, three of whom were sold to other owners. Tubman listed her birth year in the Civil War widow’s pension records as 1820, 1822 and 1825, indicating her uncertainty, as records during that time did not bear the dates and places of birth of many slaves.
2.) As three of her sisters were sold, when Brodess planned on selling her youngest brother, her mother hid him for a month. And when the buyer came, her mother said, ”the first man that comes into my house, I will split his head open.” The transaction never took place. This incident is believed to have inspired her with ideas about resistance.
3.) As an adolescent, Harriet encountered a slave who was escaping from work in the fields. The overseer asked her to help hold him back but she refused. The overseer turned to Tubman instead and hit her on the head which she said, “broke my skull.” It left her unconscious and bleeding. She believed that her hair may have kept her alive as it “stood out like a bushel basket,” since her hair “had never been combed.” After two days of being laid on a loom seat, she was sent to the fields where she worked, as she described it, “with blood and sweat rolling down my face until I couldn’t see.” Her head injuries began not only a constant pain but also visions which she believed to be signs and premonitions from the Lord. These visions complemented and strengthened her belief that her rescue efforts would be successful. Of her zeal in the faith, Thomas Garrett said, “ I never met with any person of any color who had more confidence in the voice of God, as spoken direct to her soul.”
4.) Harriet’s father was supposed to have been manumitted (set free) at the age of 45 according to his owner’s will. Tubman paid five dollars to a white lawyer to find out her mother’s status. She learned that her mother, as well as, all her mother’s children, were to be manumitted at age 45. However, their subsequent owners, the descendants of their original owners, refused to acknowledge and grant their manumission. Unfortunately, Tubman and her family did not have the means to fight for their legal right to freedom.
5.) When she fell ill once again, her owner decided to sell her. She prayed fervently for him to change his mind. When the sale was nearly coming to a close, she changed her prayer, “Oh Lord, if you ain’t never going to change that man’s heart, kill him, Lord, and take him out of the way.” After a week, Brodess did pass away. Tubman regretted having had such a sentiment.
6.) When Tubman escaped, together with two of her brothers, Eliza Brodess, their owner, published a notice in the Cambridge Democrat newspaper, expressing that a reward of $100 for each of them (a total of $300) will be granted for their capture. They were never captured
7.) To escape, Tubman traveled almost 90 miles from Maryland to Pennsylvania, by foot, avoiding the slave catchers, trekking the path only at night, and using the North Star as her only guide.
8.) As her seizures and pains increased, bringing about her inability to sleep, she decided to have a brain surgery in 1890. She said they, “sawed open my skull and raised it up and now it feels more comfortable.” This, however, she underwent without any anesthetic, because she preferred to bite on a bullet instead, as she witnessed soldiers do during the Civil War when they had to go through amputation.
9.) Apart from “Minty,” Tubman was also addressed as “Moses,” with reference to the prophet in the Bible who had delivered the Hebrews from slavery in Egypt. Because of her efforts to free fellow slaves at the time, she traveled back and forth to Maryland about 13 times, which took some 11 years, to liberate about 70 people. She also provided guided instructions to some other 60 people to help them in their own journey towards freedom. When she died of pneumonia in 1913, her thoughts were still for the people. Her last words were, “I go to prepare a place for you.”
10.) Because of the legacy she left and great contribution she had on the lives of many, Tubman has been honored in many ways. Among them are:
a) A stamp was issued by the U.S. Postal Service in honor of Tubman in 1978;
b) An asteroid was named after Harriet Tubman in 2010;
c) In Tubman’s honor, she was included in a Google Doodle on the First Day of Black History
month in February 2014;
d) The first Liberty ship named after a black woman, was the SS Harriet Tubman, named after Tubman. It was launched by the U.S. Maritime Commission in 1944; and
e) Tubman is included in the list of 100 Greatest African Americans, created by the scholar,
Molefi Asante in 2002.
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By participating in the University of San Francisco’s retirement plan(s), you will be taking part in building a long-term savings for your future retirement.
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Please click on any of the following for more information:
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the enrollment process for your retirement plans, financial advice is not
given. Please contact your personal financial advisor or available representatives on campus for financial advice.

domain: economics


text:
Credibility is key to countering radical message
More than a hundred civil society organisations, communications professionals and government officials from around the world discussed countering violent extremism (CVE) at a special conference in Abu Dhabi this week. It was hosted by Hedayah, an intergovernmental organisation inspired by the Global Counter-Terrorism Forum (GCTF), which is currently chaired by the US and Turkey.
This was not the first time this topic has been debated. The threat posed by ISIL means it is unlikely to be the last. Here’s the real question though – has countering extremism become a more precise activity over time?
There are a few points to be considered, especially since so many different sectors are involved in this discussion. It is no longer just civil society that is talking about how to tackle violent extremism: government officials are, as well. Almost a decade ago, I served as deputy convener of the UK government’s task force on tackling radicalisation. I was brought in as a specialist. Today, public officials are far more involved than they used to be.
Unfortunately, that is not always a good thing. Violent extremism thrives, in part, if there is a radical ideological message. There is a need to counter the message once it is out there and, if possible, prevent it gaining ground among those most susceptible.
But counter narratives succeed or fail on the basis of credibility. No government and no public official can deliver a credible counter narrative in the same way as a truly independent public intellectual or religious scholar. Indeed, the very association of any religious scholar with a government can critically damage that person’s credibility with the very people they are meant to pull back from the brink.
Credibility isn’t an optional extra. It is a necessity. Without it, there is little or no likelihood of success in countering violent extremism. And yet, many governments, both in the west and in Muslim majority states, often feel the temptation to try and rejig the way society thinks. In so doing, however, they can simply end up discrediting the religious message they hoped would dominate the narrative.
It is one thing to facilitate or provide a platform for religious messages. Though a delicate task, it can be done. But when those religious voices essentially become a part of government communication strategies, they can easily lose (along with their independence) their standing within the community. And then it is no longer clear who will take their place, which might easily be claimed by radical extremists.
However, few governments will be comfortable with allowing the messenger to be so independent. The person who presents the counter-narrative might, one day, target the government as well.
Governments the world over, not just in this region, may often seem unduly sensitive to criticism but that is precisely what is necessary if the counter narrative is to have any credibility. The alternative is that those working within the countering-extremism arena will never be taken seriously.
These issues came up repeatedly at this conference, which drew an amazing breadth of expertise and range of perspectives from around the world. Participants discussed many subjects but finally it all boiled down to this question: how best to counter the radical messages that serve to recruit individuals to extremist groups? It sounds like an easy question, but if the last decade has taught the world anything, it is not that simple at all. As one insightful participant pointed out: since the September 11 attacks in the US, no terrorist group has been eradicated and many more groups now plague us. Why? The answer to this question has to be addressed, however uncomfortable it may be.
This brings us to a key event earlier this week, when the United States senate released a report detailing the torture techniques used by their security agencies from 2001 to 2009. Many other governments are undoubtedly guilty of the same. Such reports are necessary, as is the freedom to criticise a government for its lapses.
That is how one counters radical messaging. Those who are at the forefront of countering the narrative of violent extremists need to take the lead in criticising governmental misdeeds and they should do so openly and frankly. When they are able to speak truth to power, then, and only then, will they also be able to do that critical job – speaking truth to violent extremists.
Dr HA Hellyer is an associate fellow of the Royal United Services Institute in London, and the Centre for Middle East Policy at the Brookings Institution in Washington, DC
Published: December 11, 2014 04:00 AM

domain: sociology


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In a time period of growing division, people from every corner of the internet found a common cause to decry on Monday and Tuesday when video surfaced of a man being forcibly removed from a United Airlines plane because the airline needed to free up space for four of their own employees.
The man, identified later as a doctor who was taking the Louisville-bound flight out of Chicago’s O’Hare Airport to see patients the next morning, becomes visibly and vocally distressed when security personnel violently grab at him after he refused to leave the plane voluntarily at their demands.
Passengers looked on with shock and horror as the innocent flier is yanked from his seat and then falls, slamming face-first into an arm rest on the opposite side of the aisle. His body goes limp – apparently knocked unconscious – as the security personnel drag his motionless body down the aisle and out of the plane; some blood visibly running down his face.
Overbooking flights is nothing new for airliners, however getting overbooked passengers off of an overbooked flight rarely requires more to fix than offering travel vouchers (usually between $500 and $1,000 depending on the value of the ticket purchased) in exchange for finding another flight. In this case, United ceased their offers to passengers at $1,000, refusing to go over that number even though they could have gone to a max of $1,350.
What occurred in this instance can be described as nothing less than a public relations nightmare for United, who actually saw a visible stock plummet of over one percent by the end of Tuesday, and saw hundreds of thousands of shocked and outraged social media reactions pointed in their direction.
But beyond the PR consequences this incident will have for United’s image – especially since the floodgates have seemingly opened with other stories emerging of misconduct performed by United – the airline could very likely face a lawsuit from the doctor they violently removed. The man underwent treatment at a hospital in Chicago after the event unfolded.
It would be hard for anybody to defend the actions of United in this case, especially since there are multiple in-person witnesses and video footage of the incident, which paints a clear picture of unnecessary force used without just cause. The security official who pulled the man from his seat has apparently been put on leave, the airline saying his conduct “was not in accordance with our standard operating procedure.”
United could have handled the matter in many different, more appropriate ways. According to United, the employees that they were trying to clear room for on the flight actually didn’t need to be in Louisville until the next day, meaning they could have taken any number of different flights to get them there on time, or even had them driven there, since it is only a four to five hour drive from Chicago to Louisville.
All this goes to say that the man removed from the flight has a legitimate legal case to bring forth due to the injuries he sustained during the incident and the manner in which he was treated. He did not commit a crime, he was not being belligerent or aggressive. He was instructed to get off a plane that he had paid to be on, and he needed to get to his destination just the same as the United employees.
At Altman & Altman LLP, we believe in standing up for people who are injured due to the thoughtless actions of others, and standing up to the large corporate entities who might try to exert their power over those who may be unable to fight back. If you or a loved one has been injured in a situation similar to the United incident, please call us today for a free consultation at 617-492-3000 or toll-free at 800-481-6199. We are available 24/7.

domain: law


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Lacey Man Indicted On Weapons Charges
Charles Othello was charged with unlawful possession of a weapon after he was found with a handgun on Feb. 22, according to court records.
Othello and three others face gun charges: Aaron Esdaile, 23, of Asbury Park; Darious Russell, 34, of Cliffwood; and Zedoria Durant, 34, of Eatowntown, according to court records.
Court records say the defendants did not have a permit for the gun but did intend to use it.
Othello was also charged with hindering apprehension. Othello was also prohibited from having a weapon because of his June 19, 2009 conviction on aggravated assault and unlawful possession of a weapons charges.
No bail information was available.

domain: news


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RSS Feeds from Texas Rangers / MLB
|Wed, 27 May 2015 16:47:14 EDT|
Smolinski optioned to Triple-A; Edwards recalled
The Rangers made a roster move shortly before Wednesday afternoon's game in Cleveland, optioning outfielder Jake Smolinski to Triple-A Round Rock and recalling right-handed pitcher Jon Edwards.
|Wed, 27 May 2015 12:25:57 EDT|
Fielder back swinging hot bat
Being away from baseball was something Prince Fielder wasn't used to. So perhaps it's no surprise that we're seeing him be the most aggressive hitter he's ever been. Fielder, who leads the Major League in batting average -- and the American League by more than 20 points -- has cut his walk rate by more than half. He's swinging more than he ever has, often early in counts.
|Wed, 27 May 2015 15:16:57 EDT|
Rangers' streak snapped at seven
The Indians concluded a six-game homestand in overwhelming fashion on Wednesday afternoon. Cleveland used an eight-run third inning to power its way to a 12-3 rout of the Rangers, snapping Texas' seven-game winning streak in the process.
|Wed, 27 May 2015 10:00:06 EDT|
MLB.TV unveils new Web-based media player
Major League Baseball Advanced Media is introducing its new Web-based media player (version 5.0), for those who currently subscribe or those who sign up now for MLB.TV Premium ($114.99 a year or $24.99 a month) or regular MLB.TV ($94.99/$19.99). You'll notice the difference right away as the HD media player has an in-page layout, so it all happens in your browser with no need for an additional download.
|Wed, 27 May 2015 01:24:23 EDT|
Back at .500, streaking Rangers not satisfied
For the second time in as many nights, the Rangers erased a late-inning deficit to secure a victory, 4-3 on Tuesday night in Cleveland. For the seventh game in a row, the Rangers have found themselves in the win column. And for the first time since the sixth game of the season, the Rangers are a .500 ballclub.
|Tue, 26 May 2015 21:10:58 EDT|
Beltre, Fielder need All-Star ballot support
The first update to the fan voting for the 86th annual All-Star Game has been announced, and the third-place Rangers have just one representative: third baseman Adrian Beltre.
|Wed, 27 May 2015 00:32:21 EDT|
Rangers outmuscle Tribe to win 7th straight
Mitch Moreland launched a go-ahead home run off Indians lefty Nick Hagadone in the eighth inning, helping power Texas to a 4-3 victory over Cleveland on Tuesday night. The win marked the seventh in a row for the surging Rangers.
|Tue, 26 May 2015 12:16:36 EDT|
Gallo among top Minors' performers Monday
Rangers No. 1 prospect Joey Gallo has been crushing the ball for the RoughRiders recently. He has eight homers and 25 RBIs in 29 games this season.
|Mon, 25 May 2015 22:10:00 EDT|
Texas 'pen answers call, holds Tribe in check
When rookie starting pitcher Phil Klein was bounced in the third inning of Monday's eventual 10-8 Texas win after allowing seven runs, he handed the ball off to lefty Alex Claudio. Claudio and three other relievers slow the Indians down.
|Mon, 25 May 2015 21:23:21 EDT|
Hamilton's return marks new chapter
Memorial Day marked Josh Hamilton's proper return to the Rangers and to the game it has so often seemed he was born to play. This is a game that has sustained him, and this is a team that has, in the past, given him the proper support system.
|Mon, 25 May 2015 16:40:11 EDT|
Feliz to DL; has abscess removed from side
The Rangers placed right-handed reliever Neftali Feliz on the 15-day disabled list, retroactive to May 20, with an "axillary abscess on his right side" before Monday's game in Cleveland. The roster move makes room for outfielder Josh Hamilton, who was activated from the 15-day DL.
|Mon, 25 May 2015 20:32:54 EDT|
Hamilton walks, scores in return to Rangers
Josh Hamilton returned to the Rangers' lineup Monday, going 0-for-3 with a walk and a run scored. It marked his first game in the Major Leagues since an Oct. 15, 2014 Wild Card appearance with the Angels, and his first in a Rangers uniform since an Oct. 5, 2012 Wild Card game.


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Today, Boys Like Girls have returned with their first taste of new music since 2012’s Crazy World.
The new song, “Blood and Sugar,” is out now via Fearless/Concord Records, and musically is a subtle and elegant blend of Boys Like Girls and vocalist Martin Johnson’s project The Night Game. Lyrically, “Blood and Sugar” is a raw and honest portrayal of the human experience, exploring the theme of indulging in something bad for you, despite knowing the consequences.
Further expanding on the song, Johnson explains “Thematically the song is fairly simple, an empty calorie relationship that’s so delicious you don’t care. You’re willing to deal with the crash. It continues to beat you down yet you keep coming back for more pain…almost like you’ve learned to love it. Why this obsession? We’re only skin and bone. Humans. Just blood and sugar, really. I think everyone has an infatuation with something bad for them. Cigarettes. Sports gambling. Porn. Internet validation. Pills that change the way you feel. Buying too many shoes. I know I spend a lot of time trying to fill the empty hole where drugs used to be. I spend most of the time trying to fill that hole with ‘perfection.’ But in the end…nobody’s perfect. Hey. we’re only blood and sugar, right?”
“Blood and Sugar” is just the beginning of what is expected to come from Boys Like Girls. The band has previously confirmed they were working on new music, and even performed a new song “The Outside” last year while on tour.
In addition to more new music, fans can expect tour dates to be announced soon as Boys Like Girls plan to hit the road for a much-anticipated tour for their new music.

domain: artistic


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“Hi! Doing good? Please, can you tell me if this is tomatoes mosaic virus or others, or simply burn from the heat lamp? How can I send you pictures, please? Thank you for caring! Anne ;-)))” Question from Anne of San Diego, California
Answer: It is hard to tell at this stage. There are points where physical damage, such as foliage burn or herbicide damage, can certainly look much like a disease. Nutrient deficiency (click here to learn about tomato nutrient deficiencies) can also look much like a disease. With that said, it is rare for seedlings to get a mosaic virus in the home. These diseases are often vectored by insects, though if you are a smoker, tobacco mosaic virus is very stable and can be transferred from contaminated cigarette tobacco to a seedling, though this is rare, too. I recommend placing the seedlings in question apart from the others, feed them, and watch them. If they pull out of it, then it was not a disease. If the foliage looks more and more diseased, then dispose of the plant. Click here to for a good look at advanced mosiac virus in tomatoes.
I have tomato seedlings that have tiny dark spots on the top of the leaves after it got down to 40 degrees the other night. I live in South Florida. Could this be cold damage? Question from Susan of Pembroke Pines, Florida.
Answer: The most common physical tomato leaf response to chilling is physiological leaf roll, which your tomatoes don’t seem to have. Unfortunately, cold stress, among other environmental stresses, can invite diseases to rear their ugly heads more quickly. It looks very much like your tomato may have Septoria leaf spot, a fungal leaf spot disease that starts on older leaves and spreads. Another possibility is bacterial spot. The way that you can tell the difference between the two is by looking at the center of the spots. Septoria blight will have tiny black specks in the middle of the spots, while bacterial leaf spot will not.
High humidity and rain will encourage the growth and spread of both diseases. Here is more about each.
Septoria Leaf Spot
The spots of this disease are generally circular and about 1/16 to 1/4 inches across. They have dark brown edges and grayish tan middles with tiny black spots in the center. An infected leaf will have many spots, which appear on the lower leaves first and move up to the younger leaves. Badly infected leaves eventually turn from yellow to brown. This disease rarely impacts fruit.
The first management step is to remove diseased leaves and dispose of them far from the garden. Then use clean shears to remove the most infected branches to increase air flow, which will discourage further fungal disease spread. Next, mulch the plants with straw or Black Gold Garden Compost Blend and bottom water to keep the disease from spreading. Refrain from overwatering! Then apply a copper-based fungicide every 7 to 10 days all season long.
Finally, really clean your garden at the end of the season, and rotate your tomatoes. This disease overwinters on infected tomato refuse or nearby weeds.
This disease is a little worse because it can damage fruit as well as foliage. The spots on infected leaves are dark, small, irregular and eventually join together, causing overall leaf yellowing and decline. No little black spots will be visible in the center of the spots.
Care for your plants as you would for those with Septoria leaf spot. Another recommendation is to spray plants with a preemptive streptomycin antibiotic before transplanting. During periods of early flower and fruit set, you should also spray with a pesticide that contains mancozeb plus copper. This spray is not approved for organic gardening, so if you garden organically, another option is to replant your tomatoes for the season, while you can.
Contaminated seed or plants can be a source of the disease, so be sure to purchase your tomatoes from reliable, disease-free sources. The disease will also remain in the soil and old plant debris for a year or more, so clean your garden well at the end of the season and rotate your crops.
Mothers always admonish us “not to hang out the dirty laundry”, which is code speak for keeping unpleasant family secrets out of neighborhood gossip. This same problem is afflicting the raised bed garden world where nobody wants to hear the downside of these tiny plots of food plants. At the heart of it is the very old concept of crop rotation. Even the ancients knew that crops grown in the same place year after year developed big problems without rotation.
Why Rotate Crops?
The science is quite simple because diseases and pests can accumulate every year you cultivate a small vegetable garden. It may not be visible the first or even the second year, but by year three it can strike with a vengeance. This is how long it takes for your soil to foster a killer dose of pests and pathogens.
Imagine a 4-foot-by-8-foot planting area (the size of a typical raised bed) that you grow tomatoes in year after year. A mature tomato can occupy half that square footage, with its roots fanning out over the area underground. To properly rotate your crops, you must not grow tomatoes in the same place you did the previous year. In this case, the only choice is to plant on the opposite end of the raised bed. That leaves only two possible spots for the tomatoes.
Farmers know to rotate their fields over four years to ensure healthy crops. That’s four entirely different growing areas for crops in the course of four years; three years with the crop being grown in a different spot and a fourth year for a given growing area to lay fallow to “rest”. But farmers have space for rotation. What about home gardeners working within the confines to small raised beds? Without sufficient space for rotation, the results can be devastating.
For example, a microscopic pest called root-knot nematode often strikes when tomatoes are grown in the same location or very close-by year after year. This pest is invisible to the eye and is common to most soils but present in such small numbers that it doesn’t cause serious problems. But when tomato crops are not rotated, these nematodes multiply to fatal proportions. As a result, tomato plants begin to turn yellow and die because too many nematodes have invaded their roots. No matter how much you water or fertilize, nothing will change this downward spiral.
You won’t know the cause until you pull up an ailing or recently deceased plant to see first hand what the roots look like. Root-knot-nematode-infected roots look bizarrely knotted and swollen and are obviously unable to support the plant. As tomato fruits mature and heat stimulates growth, the plants can’t keep up. There is no cure for badly infected plants, and fear of this organism is why gardeners often plant big African marigolds (Tagetes erecta) around food plants because it is known to discourages nematode populations.
Replace Old Soil
Rotation is key, but soil replacement can also work wonders towards keeping raised bed problems at bay. Replacing your garden or potting soil with fresh every other year will help discourage the accumulation of diseases and pests, such as the root-knot nematode. Quality garden soil like Black Gold Garden Soil is rich, fertile, and fresh. It reduces the need to rotate crops, will fortify your garden to increase yields, and rid your raised bed of “dirty laundry” that could mean the downfall of your summer garden plantings.
The more cautious your are about ensuring healthy soil for your raised garden, the better. For example, if you move into a new home with an existing raised garden, it’s best to assume its potting soil is nutritionally exhausted and that crop rotation has not occurred. Plus, it’s just a good idea to replace the soil anyway because the removal process may give you clues to other problems, like drainage or the presence of aggressive underground grass roots. Excavation will help you discover if there are problems lurking below.
Small gardens don’t have to be hotbeds of pests and diseases, if you know how to compensate with rotation and garden soil replenishment. Rotate your crops liberally (preferably on a 4-year cycle), replace old, spent soil, and reap the harvest!


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Executive Director - Pharmacy Services - Full Time - 8 Hour - Days
John Muir Health
Location: Walnut Creek , California
Type: Full Time
Salary: $250,381.00 - $375,572.00
Internal Number: JR0012908
Job Profile Summary The Executive Director – Pharmacy Services plans, directs, and monitors all financial, operational, professional and clinical activities of pharmacy services health system wide. Establishes policies and procedures that ensure that pharmacy services provide optimal pharmaceutical services that meet all legal, accreditation, and certification requirements. Maintains contact with other departmental and health system leaders, medical staff, and nursing staff to determine needs, resolve problems, improve processes and promotes effective drug therapy, purchasing, acquisition and inventory. The Executive Director Pharmacy Services works with the Vice President of Ancillary Services to provide organizational direction, leadership and strategic planning. In partnership with pharmacy leadership ensures all pharmacy staff is currently licensed/certified/registered to perform all duties with the utmost efficiency and safety including compliance with all applicable policies, procedures and standards of the health system.
Doctor of School of Pharmacy - Accredited by ACPE - Required
Seven years Hospital Setting – Required
Five years Management Position - Required
Completion of ASHP Hospital Pharmacy Residency – Required
Three years Outpatient Setting, including infusion and specialty pharmacy – Preferred
Three years 340B experience – Preferred
RPH Registered Pharmacist - California Board of Pharmacy - Required
Must possess a comprehensive understanding of pharmacy services, the preparation, storage and distribution of drugs, sterile compounding and dispensing medications according to standard and physical chemical procedures and to direct a hospital wide drug program.
Broad and thorough knowledge of the theories, principles and practices of pharmacy practice and their application in an integrated health system, knowledge typically acquired through post graduate level studies in a master’s program or equivalent.
Pursues compliance with outside agencies relevant to requirements for maintenance of services
Is responsible for maintaining standards as set by the California State Board of Pharmacy, the Joint Commission, CDPH, HRSA, OPAIS, and DEA.
Requires strong analytical skills necessary to prepare and administer budgets, evaluate current methods of delivering service to patients and assess effectiveness of these methods.
Excellent interpersonal skills to communicate effectively with a wide variety of health system personnel, patients and members of the community.
Knowledge of clinical interventions, education and equipment necessary to meet the specific needs of the patient population considering age, growth and development, medical condition, physical abilities, psychosocial status, potential language barriers, religious beliefs and level of comprehension.
Proficient in Microsoft Office Products (Word, Excel, Outlook and Power Point).
Ability to withstand prolonged walking and/or standing.
WCMC Pharmacy / CMC Pharmacy
Exempt Salaried (United States of America)
$250,381.00 - $375,572.00
Offer amounts are based on demonstrated/relevant experience and/or licensure.
Note: Positions at JMH which are exempt (not eligible for overtime) under the level of Manager are listed as hourly for compensation purposes on this posting. The work shift will contain the word ‘exempt’ on it.
John Muir Health is a nationally recognized, not-for-profit health care organization east of San Francisco serving patients in Contra Costa, Alameda and southern Solano Counties. It includes a network of more than 1,000 primary care and specialty physicians, more than 6,000 employees, medical centers in Concord and Walnut Creek, including Contra Costa County’s only trauma center, and a Behavioral Health Center. John Muir Health also has partnerships with UCSF Health, Tenet Healthcare/San Ramon Regional Medical Center and Stanford Children's Health. The health system offers a full-range of medical services, including primary care, outpatient and imaging services, and is widely recognized as a leader in many specialties – neurosciences, orthopedic, cancer, cardiovascular, trauma, emergency, pediatrics and high-risk obstetrics care.
John Muir Health is a collaborative, patient-centered health care environment. Listening, explaining and working together as a team, we help patients achieve their optimal health through partnership between physicians, employees and volunteers built on mutual respect, support for each other, and personal accountability. We believe in each other. We empo...wer each other. We celebrate each other¹s successes, and our differences. We recognize those who exemplify excellence, and reward them for contributing to our collective success.

domain: medical


text:
Welcome to the
LLB Online Report 2019
The LLB Group has set a profitable course – as a bank for people and business, as an investment fund powerhouse and as an asset management specialist in Liechtenstein, Switzerland and Austria.
Four letters from the Greek alphabet inspired us to link the 2019 Annual Report with four principles, which we want to utilise to show the way:
α stands for returns, η for effect, σ for efficiency, μ for expectation.Profitability
The Greek letter «My» stands for expectation. For us, 2019 was a year that exceeded our expectations. In fact, in its almost 160-year history our banking Group has never been so robust.Roland Matt, Group CEO
Financial statement+44.9 % Net profit+13.3 % Operating income70.0 % Cost-Income-Ratio
Assets under managementCHF 89.3 billion Business volume+0.8 % LoansCHF 76.3 billion Assets under management
Society and the environment
LLB shareCHF 2.20 Dividends3.5 % Dividend yield+0.2 % Total return
Financial security and stability
As a partner of the Principality of Liechtenstein and of society and business, the LLB Group is committed to bequeathing the coming generations, as far as possible, an intact environment and stable social conditions. We take this responsibility very seriously.Roland Matt, Group CEO and Georg Wohlwend, Chairman of the Board of Directors
Pursuant to Art. 1129 PGR, it is pointed out that this publication only represents an extract of the Annual Report 2019 of Liechtensteinische Landesbank AG and does not constitute a publication within the meaning of the Liechtenstein Banking Law. The audit report has been issued without reservation and the General Meeting of Shareholders is recommended to approve the annual financial statement. They have not yet been submitted to the Office of Justice under the registration number FL‑0001.000.289‑1. The complete business report can be inspected from 10 April 2020 at Liechtensteinische Landesbank AG, Städtle 44, 9490 Vaduz, or obtained in printed form free of charge.


PLANS for a controversial waste recycling centre in Kinmel Bay have been rejected.
The application prompted 12 representations from nearby residents, all of whom were against the proposal – mainly on the grounds of the impact of noise, dust and increased traffic.
Additionally, objections were raised in relation to the detrimental impact on the highway surface at the access to the site following frequent use by large trucks.
The yard is part of the CCI Business Park on the west side of St Asaph Avenue and is currently used for the storage of empty skips.
The proposal would have seen the erection of a building for the sorting and storage of waste for the Rhyl company Skips 2 Go.
A waste transfer station would have involved the importation of dry household, commercial and industrial waste prior to manual hand sorting.
The plan was rejected by Conwy County Council yesterday on the grounds the development would: “likely have an adverse impact on the amenity of adjoining residential properties in terms of noise and disturbance”.
Environment Agency Wales also objected to the proposal due to it being in a C1 flood risk zone.
Its representation stated: “A flood risk assessment has failed to demonstrate that the consequences of flooding can be acceptably managed.”
Concerns were also raised over the suitability of an open fronted building being used to store waste due to its flood risk.
Eddie Evans, Conwy Council’s environmental health officer, said: “The noises associated with the waste transfer site will include waste being tipped from a lorry, waste being shovelled on the floor by a Bobcat and manual sorting – sawing, hammering and banging.
“The setting of the facility will have a detrimental effect on neighbouring residential properties.”
Although it raised no objection, the highways and infrastructure services stated that the access arrangement would not have been ideal. The site’s six metre-wide access road may have been problematic for heavy goods vehicles.


text:
At Antidote we absolutely love custom work.
It’s always a welcome challenge and feels amazing to make someone’s latex dreams come true.
Custom work is more expensive as we need to design, pattern, and realise your chosen outfit This would be a tailor-made service where we communicate through the design, production, and realisation of the outfit, that way you can see and add any changes along the way.
If you are looking for small amendments to any of our designs already featured in our shop, then we can usually offer this for the same cost if they are not dramatic changes.
If you are looking for something special, then please do email outlining your concept and include images if you can so we get a clear idea of what you are looking for.
Here are some examples of custom mad pieces for our customers and some of our more intricate catwalk creations.


text: Now this is a time of the year that lots and lots of people love. This is the time of the year that brings out the creative spirit in many people both young and old. And at 1cookinggames.com we have a lovely range of Christmas games just for the creative spirit of many girls who love cooking at this time of year. This is a fun time for the whole family and these online Christmas cooking games can be enjoyable for everyone. Don t forget Santa will need refreshments on his long journey around the world and what better to leave him than gingerbread. Would you like to be the one to cook the Christmas dinner this year? If so check out these fun and exciting Christmas cooking games here at 1cookinggames.com and have a happy and safe Christmas.


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enjoyable modern reading nook easy teen room decor for your apartment readg.
In here we picture of Elegant animate room interior as soon as luxury furniture inside. This elegant bustling room was meant once two color as the main themes. behind two color they can expected it unconditionally competently and great outcome i think. subsequently red and white accent at the floor, or white couch and red items at the wall, they festooned the breathing room categorically perfected and precised. Check out this luxury perky meant when two color as main theme below. nWish after seeing this energetic later red and white accent you got some challenging idea.


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Paula Germany is a 40-year-old Brazilian YouTuber from Brazil. She was born on Monday, August 4, 1980. Is Paula Germany married or single, and who is she dating now? Let’s find out!
As of 2021, Paula Germany is possibly single.
RELATIONSHIP DETAILS BELOW ⤵
She launched her YouTube channel in August 2011.
Place of Birth
Date of Birth
|August 4, 1980 (age 40)|
Fun Fact: On the day of Paula Germany’s birth, "Magic" by Olivia Newton-John was the number 1 song on The Billboard Hot 100 and Jimmy Carter (Democratic) was the U.S. President.
Paula Germany’s Boyfriend
Paula Germany is single. She is not dating anyone currently. Paula had at least 1 relationship in the past. Paula Germany has not been previously engaged. She has five daughters. She has two grandchildren. According to our records, she has no children.
Like many celebrities and famous people, Paula keeps her personal and love life private. Check back often as we will continue to update this page with new relationship details. Let’s take a look at Paula Germany past relationships, ex-boyfriends and previous hookups.
Paula Germany’s birth sign is Leo. Leos love being coddled and having their egos stroked. Leos are attracted to someone who's just as vibrant and unique as they are. The most compatible signs with Leo are generally considered to be Aries, Gemini, Libra, and Sagittarius. The least compatible signs with Leo are generally considered to be Taurus and Scorpio. Paula Germany also has a ruling planet of Sun.
She has not been previously engaged. We are currently in process of looking up more information on the previous dates and hookups.
Paula Germany Biography
Paula Germany was born on the 4th of August in 1980 (Millennials Generation). The first generation to reach adulthood in the new millennium, Millennials are the young technology gurus who thrive on new innovations, startups, and working out of coffee shops. They were the kids of the 1990s who were born roughly between 1980 and 2000. These 20-somethings to early 30-year-olds have redefined the workplace. Time magazine called them “The Me Me Me Generation” because they want it all. They are known as confident, entitled, and depressed.
Paula’s life path number is 3.
Paula Germany is famous for being a YouTuber. Social media personality who has gained fame for her Paula Germany YouTube channel. She has earned massive popularity for her home organization vlogs alongside women empowerment and family entries from her everyday life. She and Flavia Mariano are both famous Brazilian parenting vloggers on YouTube. The education details are not available at this time. Please check back soon for updates.
Paula Germany is turning 41 in
Paula was born in the 1980s. The 1980s was the decade of big hair, big phones, pastel suits, Cabbage Patch Kids, Rubik’s cubes, Yuppies, Air Jordans, shoulder pads and Pac Man. During the Eighties, Berlin Wall crumbled, new computer technologies emerged and blockbuster movies and MTV reshaped pop culture.
The 40-year-old American was born in the Year of the Monkey and is part of Millennials Generation
According to Chinese Zodiac, Paula was born in the Year of the Monkey. People born in the Year of the Monkey love to make people laugh. They are generally energetic and upbeat but sometimes lack self-control.
Paula Germany Facts
What is Paula Germany marital status?
Is Paula Germany gay?
Does she have any children?
Paula Germany has no children.
Is Paula Germany having any relationship affair?
According to our records, no.
Was Paula Germany ever been engaged?
Paula Germany has not been previously engaged.
How rich is Paula Germany?
Discover the net worth of Paula Germany on CelebsMoney
Paula Germany’s birth sign is Leo and she has a ruling planet of Sun.
You might like
– View Paula Germany height, weight & body stats
– Paula Germany’s biography and horoscope.
– When is Paula Germany’s birthday?
– Who’s the richest YouTuber in the world?
– Who are the richest people on earth right now?
Fact Check: We strive for accuracy and fairness. If you see something that doesn’t look right, contact us. This page is updated often with latest details about Paula Germany. Bookmark this page and come back for updates.

domain: celebrity


Securing a WebLogic Server Deployment
The following sections explain how to use the security features of WebLogic Server to protect your deployment:
Why Is Security Important for WebLogic Server?
An application server resides in the sensitive layer between end users and your valuable data and resources. WebLogic Server provides authentication, authorization, and encryption services with which you can guard your resources. These services cannot provide protection, however, from an intruder who gains access by discovering and exploiting a weakness in your deployment environment.
Whether you deploy WebLogic Server on the Internet or on an intranet, it is a good idea to hire an independent security expert to go over your security plan and procedures, audit your installed systems, and recommend improvements.
Another good strategy is to read as much as possible about security issues. For the latest information about securing Web servers, BEA recommends reading the Security Improvement Modules, Security Practices, and Technical Implementations information available from the CERTTM Coordination Center operated by Carnegie Mellon University.
BEA suggests that you apply the remedies recommended in our security advisories. In addition, you are advised to apply every Service Pack as they are released. Service Packs include a roll up of all bug fixes for each version of the product, as well as each of the previously released Service Packs. As a policy, if there are any security-related issues with any BEA product, BEA will distribute an advisory and instructions with the appropriate course of action. If you are reponsible for security related issues at your site, please register to receive future notifications. BEA has established an e-mail address (firstname.lastname@example.org) to which you can send reports of any possible security issues in BEA products.
In addition, there are partner products that can help you in your effort to secure the WebLogic Server production environment. For more information, see the BEA Partner's Page.
This topic makes some specific and general recommendations related to WebLogic Server.
Determine the Security Needs of Your WebLogic Server Deployment
Before securing your WebLogic Server deployment, it is important to understand the security needs of your WebLogic Server environment. To better understand the security needs, ask yourself the following questions:
There are many resources in the WebLogic Server environment that can be protected including information in the database accessed by WebLogic Server, the availability of the Web site, the performance of the Web site, and the integrity of the Web site. Consider the resources you want to protect when deciding the level of security you must provide.
For most Web sites resources must be protected from everyone on the Internet. But should the Web site be protected from the employees on the intranet in your enterprise? Should your employees have access to all WebLogic Server resources? Should the system administrators have access to all WebLogic Server resources? Should the system administrators be able to access all data? You might consider giving access to highly confidential data or strategic resources to only a few well trusted system administrators. Perhaps it would be best to allow no system administrators access to the data or resources.
In some cases, a fault in your security scheme is easily detected and considered nothing more than an inconvenience. In other cases, a fault might cause great damage to companies or individual clients that use the Web site. Understanding the security ramification of each resource will help you to properly protect it.
As you read the following suggestions for securing your site, keep the answers to these questions in mind.
Secure the Machine on Which WebLogic Server Runs
A WebLogic Server deployment is only as secure as the security of the machine on which it is running. Therefore, it is important that you secure the physical machine, the operating system, and all other software that is installed on the host machine. The following are suggestions for securing the deployment machine, however, you should check with the manufacturer of the machine, operating system, and installed software for additional suggestions:
Accessing Protected Ports on UNIX
On UNIX systems, only processes that run under a privileged user account (in most cases, root) can bind to ports lower than 1024.
However, long-running processes like WebLogic Server should not run under these privileged accounts. Instead, you can do either of the following:
If you use Node Manager to start the server instance, configure Node Manager to accept requests only on a secure port and only from a single, known host.
See "Binding to Protected Ports on UNIX" in the Administration Console Online Help.
Design Network Connections Carefully
When designing network connections, you want to use the easiest-to-manage solution. This choice must be weighed against the need to protect strategic WebLogic Server resources. Placing WebLogic Server resources further from potential intruders reduces the risk of a security breach. Inserting firewalls carefully in your enterprise increases security and can prevent a small security fault from turning into a security crisis. For example, it is a good idea to protect a database that contains critical data behind a firewall. In addition, protect the host machine for the database as well as the usernames and passwords for the database. Still, if someone acquires the username and passwords for the database, it is not nearly as damaging if the database is protected by a firewall and cannot receive connections from computers on the Internet.
There are many ways to combine firewalls, WebLogic Server, and other network servers. Figure 3-1 illustrates a typical setup with a firewall that filters traffic destined for a WebLogic Server cluster.
Figure 3-1 Typical Firewall Setup
Another common firewall configuration restricts access to only HTTP or HTTPS Web connections. The firewall permits clients to connect only to a Web server which usually runs at the standard HTTP port 80 or HTTPs port 443. The Web server may be a WebLogic Server or a third-party Web server set up to proxy requests to a WebLogic Server. For example, Netscape Enterprise Server, Microsoft Internet Server, and Apache Server can be set up to serve static Web pages and proxy servlet and JSP requests to WebLogic Server. Figure 3-2 illustrates this configuration.
In Figure 3-2, the Web server is a gateway operating in a demilitarized zone (DMZ). In computer networks, a DMZ is a computer host or small network inserted as a neutral zone between a company's private network and the outside public network. It prevents outside users from getting direct access to a server on which company data resides. A DMZ is an optional and more secure implementation of a firewall which can also act as a proxy server. WebLogic Server connections come only from proxied Web server requests, enhancing the security of your WebLogic Server applications and back-end resources. In the configuration shown in Figure 3-2, clients interact exclusively with the Web server and WebLogic Server connections are made only by proxied Web server requests. As a result, the security of WebLogic Server applications and back-end resources that are configured in this way are enhanced.
Figure 3-2 Firewall with Web Server Gateway
In addition to setting up a firewall, you can restrict who connects to your WebLogic Server deployment by implementing the weblogic.security.net.ConnectionFilter interface. This interface allows you to accept or reject a network connection based on the host name and network address of the originating machine as well as the protocol used.
Manage the WebLogic Server Development and Production Environments
For many reasons, development and production are easier when you develop on machines that closely mimic the production environment. However, security concerns suggest the following differences in the deployment and production environments:
Encryption is the process of taking text or other data and scrambling it so that it cannot be understood. Decryption reverses the process making the text or data understandable. The decryption process always requires knowledge of a secret key or password. The secret key is a long string of bits that is required as an argument to the decryption algorithm to make it work correctly. The strength of an encryption algorithm is measured by the number of bits in its key.
There are many types of encryption and each type of encryption comes in many strengths. The biggest differences between the algorithms is how much CPU time it takes to decrypt the data and how many keys there are (symmetric key algorithms have just one key that is used to both encryption and decrypt while public key algorithms have two keys, one to encryption and one to decrypt).
Encryption is typically used in places where sensitive information is stored or communicated. These places can include but are not limited to information on network machines, on disk, in a database, in memory, and in legacy systems.
There are drawbacks to using encryption:
The questions to ask when designing the encryption for a WebLogic Server deployment are:
Use the SSL Protocol
Data that is sent over the network (either the Internet or an intranet) can be viewed by other parties on the network. This is unavoidable because of the design of networks. To prevent sensitive data from being compromised, the data should be encrypted.
To send encrypted data over the Internet you should use the HTTPS protocol (HTTP over the Secure Sockets Layer (SSL)) rather than the HTTP protocol. To configure your Web application for the SSL protocol you must use the user-data-constraint tag in the web.xml file and set the transport-guarantee to CONFIDENTIAL.
The demonstration digital certificates provided with WebLogic Server are for testing only. Everyone who downloads WebLogic Server has the private keys for these digital certificates. Do not use these digital certificates in a deployed WebLogic Server. Check the filerealm.properties file to make sure that the demonstration digital certificates have been removed from the deployed WebLogic Server.
Use the strongest encryption WebLogic Server supports: 1024-bit keys, 128-bulk data encryption on your data. The WebLogic Server version you download allows just 512-bit keys and 40-bit bulk encryption. Contact your BEA sales representative to request the stronger version.
Prevent Man-in-the-Middle Attacks
When using the SSL protocol, the data sent between the communicating parties can be vulnerable to man-in-the-middle attacks. A man-in-the-middle attack occurs when a machine inserted into the network captures, modifies, and retransmits messages to the unsuspecting parties. One way to avoid man-in-the-middle attacks is to validate that the host to which a connection is made is the intended or authorized party. An SSL client can compare the host name of the SSL server with the digital certificate of the SSL server to validate the connection. WebLogic Server provides a HostName Verifier to protect SSL connections from man-in-the-middle attacks.
By default, the HostName Verifier is enabled. However, during the implementation of WebLogic Server at your site, this functionality may have been disabled. To ensure a HostName Verifier is being used with your WebLogic Server deployment, check that the SSL.Ignore.HostName.Verification attribute on the SSL tab of the Servers node of the Administration Console is not checked.
Prevent Denial of Service Attacks
A Denial of Service attack leaves a Web site running but unusable. Hackers accomplish this by depleting or deleting one or more critical resources of the Web site. While a denial of service attack can happen if a hacker gets administrative privileges to your Weblogic Server, it usually occurs when an unprivileged user removes a required resource from a WebLogic Server deployment.
To perpetrate a Denial of Service attack on a WebLogic Server, an intruder bombards with many requests that are either very large in size, are slow to complete, or never complete so that the client stops sending data before completing the request. To prevent Denial of Service attacks, WebLogic Server allows you to restrict the size of a message as well as the maximum time it takes a message to arrive. You can set this information individually for each of the three protocols used by WebLogic Server: T3, HTTP and IIOP. See the online help for the Administration Console for information on setting the MaxT3MessageSize, CompleteT3MessageTimeout, MaxHTTPMessageSize, CompleteHTTPMessageTimeout, MaxIIOPMessageSize, and CompleteIIOPMessageTimeout fields. These fields have a default of 2 gigabytes for the maximum message size and 480 seconds for the complete message timeout. A value of 0 for any of the fields disables that check.
Secure the HTTP Response Header
Consider preventing WebLogic Server from sending its name and version number in HTTP responses.
By default, when an instance of WebLogic Server responds to an HTTP request, its HTTP response header includes the server's name and WebLogic Server version number. This poses a potential security risk if an attacker knows about some vulnerability in the specific version of WebLogic Server.
To prevent a WebLogic Server instance from sending its name and version number, disable the Send Server Header attribute in the Administration Console. The attribute is located on the Server
Protect User Accounts
In a dictionary attack, a hacker sets up a script to attempt logins using passwords out of a "dictionary". WebLogic Server provides a set of configurable attributes which protect user accounts from dictionary attacks. These attributes are configurable in a number of ways (for example, you can disable all the attributes, increase the number of invalid login attempts required before locking the account, increase the time period in which invalid login attempts have to take place before locking the account, and change the amount of time the user account is locked). It is up to site administrators to determine how these attributes should be set. Use this feature to protect accounts with maximum security. WebLogic Server ships with the maximum security enforced.
Note: If during development you reduce security by changing these attributes, remember to reset the attributes before deploying.
For more information, see Protecting Passwords.
Protect Application Content
By default, WebLogic Server uses a single directory, known as the web document root directory, as the location that contains static application content (HTML files and images) and dynamic application content (JSP and jHTML files). A potential vulnerability may occur if an application is allowed to create or modify files containing dynamic content within the web document root directory.
If an application is capable of modifying existing files in the web document root directory, there is the potential that the application could insert executable code in the form of JSP or jHTML tags in an existing file. If the particular file provides dynamic content, the inserted code would be executed the next time the file was served to a client.
To prevent the scenario under which this vulnerability could occur, BEA recommends the following supplemental security measures:
Replace HTML Special Characters in User-Supplied Data
The ability to return user-supplied data can present a security vulnerability called cross-site scripting, which can be exploited to steal a user's security authorization. For a detailed description of cross-site scripting, refer to "Understanding Malicious Content Mitigation for Web Developers" (a CERT security advisory) at http://www.cert.org/tech_tips/malicious_code_mitigation.html.
To remove the security vulnerability, before you return data that a user has supplied, scan the data for HTML special characters. If you find any such characters, replace them with their HTML entity or character reference. Replacing the characters prevents the browser from executing the user-supplied data as HTML.
For more information, see "Securing User-Supplied Data in JSPs" and "Securing Client Input in Servlets."
Use Protected EJBs to Limit Access to Business Logic
Some parts of your Web application are more sensitive than other parts. For example, the part of your application that renders HTML is less sensitive than the part of the application that accesses a key database table. More effort should be placed on protecting the sensitive parts of your Web application. One way to protect the sensitive parts of your Web application is to wrap them in Enterprise JavaBeans (EJBs) and use ACLs to protect the EJBs. This security technique ensures that only properly authenticated and authorized users can execute the EJBs.
The following is an example of how to use EJBs and ACLs to protect sensitive parts of your Web application:
The exact choice of what to protect and to whom to grant access to specific operations must be considered on a per-application basis.
Remember your Web application is going to evolve over time. This makes hard-to-understand schemes even harder to manage. One way to help prevent future mistakes is to organize security by package. For example, you could have one package where all methods on all classes are available to registered users and another package where all methods on all classes are available only to customer service personnel. The final decision as to whom has what access is up to the EJB deployer but a security scheme based on package is an easy mechanism for the deployer to implement.
ACLs are data structures with multiple entries that guard access to WebLogic Server resources. WebLogic Server provides ACLs that protect the following WebLogic Server resources:
Use the provided ACLs to protect the resources in your WebLogic Server deployment.
ACLs and permissions for WebLogic EJBs differ from ACLs and permissions for other kinds of WebLogic Server resources in the following ways:
For more information, see the following sections:
Use the Appropriate Security Realm
Security in WebLogic Server is based on the concept of a security realm. A security realm in WebLogic Server is a collection of Users and Groups, data about the Users and Groups, and permissions for WebLogic Server resources assigned to the Users and Groups. WebLogic Server offers many different types of security realms.
The default security realm, the File realm, is the least secure of security realms. Do not use the File realm for deployed WebLogic Servers. WebLogic Server provides a set alternate security realms that offer authorization and authentication through the facilities of the security realm. For more information about the available security realms, see the Security Realms section of the Concepts chapter.
Secure Your Database
Most Web applications use a database to store their data. Common databases used with WebLogic Server are Oracle, Microsoft's SQL Server, and Informix. The databases frequently hold the Web application's sensitive data including customer lists, customer contact information, credit card information, and other proprietary data. When creating your Web application you must consider what data is going to be in the database and how secure you need to make that data. You also need to understand the security mechanisms provided by the manufacturer of the database and decide whether they are sufficient for your needs. If the mechanisms are not sufficient, you can use other security techniques to improve the security of the database. One common technique is to encrypt sensitive data before writing it to the database. For example, you might leave all customer data in the database in plain text except for the credit card information which is encrypted.
Auditing is the process of recording key security events in your WebLogic Server environment. The audit record is usually kept separate from the WebLogic Server log file. Reviewing the auditing records can help you determine whether there has been a security breach or an attempted breach. Noting things such as repeated failed logon attempts or a surprising pattern of security events may be the key to preventing serious problems. To use auditing, implement the weblogic.security.audit package. For more information, see the "Auditing Security Events" section in Managing Security.
Control Access to Multiple Domains
If the WebLogic Server Administration Console is used to create multiple domains, the System user in one domain can access the other domains created by that instance of the Administration Console. This behavior can present a security risk in a production environment. If you do not want this behavior, make sure that each domain in your enviroment in created in a different location (meaning on a different host or through a different WebLogic Server instance). You can also use the file protections offered through the operating system to protect the config.xml file so that only the appropriate System user has access to the file.
Copyright © 2001 BEA Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.


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Wilson’s World: Experiencing the ‘Big Dig’ at Devonshire Elementary School
CHARLOTTE, N.C. – Wilson was at Devonshire Elementary School to find out just what the ‘Big Dig’ is all about. And he had no problem learning more about it thanks to the volunteers, teachers and students.
Devonshire Elementary’s ‘Big Dig’ is the building of an outdoor learning lab for the students by volunteers from the Charlotte Hornets Foundation and Novant Health. The lab is an actual outdoor space where kids will be able to study just about any subject with hands on experience while moving outside of the classroom. Even kids are excited about learning in the ‘classroom.’