text:
Afrique du Sud
Afrique du Sud
20 March 2012
Résidence habituelle - art. 3 | Droit de garde - art. 3 | Acquiescement - art. 13(1)(a) | Risque grave - art. 13(1)(b) | Intégration de l'enfant - art. 12(2) | Questions procédurales
The interpretation of the central concept of habitual residence (Preamble, Art. 3, Art. 4) has proved increasingly problematic in recent years with divergent interpretations emerging in different jurisdictions. There is a lack of uniformity as to whether in determining habitual residence the emphasis should be exclusively on the child, with regard paid to the intentions of the child's care givers, or primarily on the intentions of the care givers. At least partly as a result, habitual residence may appear a very flexible connecting factor in some Contracting States yet much more rigid and reflective of long term residence in others.
Any assessment of the interpretation of habitual residence is further complicated by the fact that cases focusing on the concept may concern very different factual situations. For example habitual residence may arise for consideration following a permanent relocation, or a more tentative move, albeit one which is open-ended or potentially open-ended, or indeed the move may be for a clearly defined period of time.
United States Federal Appellate case law may be taken as an example of the full range of interpretations which exist with regard to habitual residence.
Child Centred Focus
The United States Court of Appeals for the 6th Circuit has advocated strongly for a child centred approach in the determination of habitual residence:
Friedrich v. Friedrich, 983 F.2d 1396, 125 ALR Fed. 703 (6th Cir. 1993) (6th Cir. 1993) [INCADAT Reference: HC/E/USf 142]
Robert v. Tesson, 507 F.3d 981 (6th Cir. 2007) [INCADAT Reference: HC/E/US 935].
Villalta v. Massie, No. 4:99cv312-RH (N.D. Fla. Oct. 27, 1999) [INCADAT Reference: HC/E/USf 221].
Combined Child's Connection / Parental Intention Focus
The United States Courts of Appeals for the 3rd and 8th Circuits, have espoused a child centred approach but with reference equally paid to the parents' present shared intentions.
The key judgment is that of Feder v. Evans-Feder, 63 F.3d 217 (3d Cir. 1995) [INCADAT Reference: HC/E/USf 83].
Silverman v. Silverman, 338 F.3d 886 (8th Cir. 2003) [INCADAT Reference: HC/E/USf 530];
Karkkainen v. Kovalchuk, 445 F.3d 280 (3rd Cir. 2006) [INCADAT Reference: HC/E/USf 879].
In the latter case a distinction was drawn between the situation of very young children, where particular weight was placed on parental intention(see for example: Baxter v. Baxter, 423 F.3d 363 (3rd Cir. 2005) [INCADAT Reference: HC/E/USf 808]) and that of older children where the impact of parental intention was more limited.
Parental Intention Focus
The judgment of the Federal Court of Appeals for the 9th Circuit in Mozes v. Mozes, 239 F.3d 1067 (9th Cir. 2001) [INCADAT Reference: HC/E/USf 301] has been highly influential in providing that there should ordinarily be a settled intention to abandon an existing habitual residence before a child can acquire a new one.
This interpretation has been endorsed and built upon in other Federal appellate decisions so that where there was not a shared intention on the part of the parents as to the purpose of the move this led to an existing habitual residence being retained, even though the child had been away from that jurisdiction for an extended period of time. See for example:
Holder v. Holder, 392 F.3d 1009 (9th Cir 2004) [INCADAT Reference: HC/E/USf 777]: United States habitual residence retained after 8 months of an intended 4 year stay in Germany;
Ruiz v. Tenorio, 392 F.3d 1247 (11th Cir. 2004) [INCADAT Reference: HC/E/USf 780]: United States habitual residence retained during 32 month stay in Mexico;
Tsarbopoulos v. Tsarbopoulos, 176 F. Supp.2d 1045 (E.D. Wash. 2001) [INCADAT Reference: HC/E/USf 482]: United States habitual residence retained during 27 month stay in Greece.
The Mozes approach has also been approved of by the Federal Court of Appeals for the 2nd and 7th Circuits:
Gitter v. Gitter, 396 F.3d 124 (2nd Cir. 2005) [INCADAT Reference: HC/E/USf 776];
Koch v. Koch, 450 F.3d 703 (2006 7th Cir.) [INCADAT Reference: HC/E/USf 878].
It should be noted that within the Mozes approach the 9th Circuit did acknowledge that given enough time and positive experience, a child's life could become so firmly embedded in the new country as to make it habitually resident there notwithstanding lingering parental intentions to the contrary.
There are variations of approach in other jurisdictions:
The Supreme Court of Austria has ruled that a period of residence of more than six months in a State will ordinarily be characterized as habitual residence, and even if it takes place against the will of the custodian of the child (since it concerns a factual determination of the centre of life).
8Ob121/03g, Oberster Gerichtshof [INCADAT Reference: HC/E/AT 548].
In the Province of Quebec, a child centred focus is adopted:
In Droit de la famille 3713, No 500-09-010031-003 [INCADAT Reference: HC/E/CA 651], the Cour d'appel de Montréal held that the determination of the habitual residence of a child was a purely factual issue to be decided in the light of the circumstances of the case with regard to the reality of the child's life, rather than that of his parents. The actual period of residence must have endured for a continuous and not insignificant period of time; the child must have a real and active link to the place, but there is no minimum period of residence which is specified.
A child centred, factual approach is also evident in German case law:
2 UF 115/02, Oberlandesgericht Karlsruhe [INCADAT Reference: HC/E/DE 944].
This has led to the Federal Constitutional Court accepting that a habitual residence may be acquired notwithstanding the child having been wrongfully removed to the new State of residence:
Bundesverfassungsgericht, 2 BvR 1206/98, 29. Oktober 1998 [INCADAT Reference: HC/E/DE 233].
The Constitutional Court upheld the finding of the Higher Regional Court that the children had acquired a habitual residence in France, notwithstanding the nature of their removal there. This was because habitual residence was a factual concept and during their nine months there, the children had become integrated into the local environment.
Alternative approaches have been adopted when determining the habitual residence of children. On occasion, strong emphasis has been placed on parental intentions. See:
Family Appeal 1026/05 Ploni v. Almonit [INCADAT Reference: HC/E/Il 865];
Family Application 042721/06 G.K. v Y.K. [INCADAT Reference: HC/E/Il 939].
However, reference has been made to a more child centred approach in other cases. See:
decision of the Supreme Court in C.A. 7206/03, Gabai v. Gabai, P.D. 51(2)241;
FamA 130/08 H v H [INCADAT Reference: HC/E/Il 922].
In contrast to the Mozes approach the requirement of a settled intention to abandon an existing habitual residence was specifically rejected by a majority of the New Zealand Court of Appeal. See
S.K. v. K.P.  3 NZLR 590 [INCADAT Reference: HC/E/NZ 816].
A child centred, factual approach is evident in Swiss case law:
5P.367/2005/ast, Bundesgericht, II. Zivilabteilung (Tribunal Fédéral, 2ème Chambre Civile) [INCADAT Reference: HC/E/CH 841].
The standard approach is to consider the settled intention of the child's carers in conjunction with the factual reality of the child's life.
Re J. (A Minor) (Abduction: Custody Rights)  2 AC 562,  2 All ER 961,  2 FLR 450, sub nom C. v. S. (A Minor) (Abduction) [INCADAT Reference: HC/E/UKe 2]. For academic commentary on the different models of interpretation given to habitual residence. See:
R. Schuz, "Habitual Residence of Children under the Hague Child Abduction Convention: Theory and Practice", Child and Family Law Quarterly Vol 13, No. 1, 2001, p. 1;
R. Schuz, "Policy Considerations in Determining Habitual Residence of a Child and the Relevance of Context", Journal of Transnational Law and Policy Vol. 11, 2001, p. 101.
Where there is clear evidence of an intention to commence a new life in another State then the existing habitual residence will be lost and a new one acquired.
In common law jurisdictions it is accepted that acquisition may be able to occur within a short period of time, see:
DeHaan v. Gracia  AJ No.94 (QL),  ABQD 4, [INCADAT cite: HC/E/CA 576];
United Kingdom - England & Wales
Re J. (A Minor) (Abduction: Custody Rights)  2 AC 562 [INCADAT cite: HC/E/UKe 2];
Re F. (A Minor) (Child Abduction)  1 FLR 548, [INCADAT cite: HC/E/UKe 40].
In civil law jurisdictions it has been held that a new habitual residence may be acquired immediately, see:
Bundesgericht, II. Zivilabteilung (Tribunal Fédéral, 2ème Chambre Civile) Décision du 15 novembre 2005, 5P.367/2005 /ast, [INCADAT cite : HC/E/CH 841].
Where parental agreement as regards relocation is conditional on a future event, should an existing habitual residence be lost immediately upon leaving that country?
The Full Court of the Family Court of Australia answered this question in the negative and further held that loss may not even follow from the fulfilment of the condition if the parent who aspires to relocate does not clearly commit to the relocation at that time, see:
Kilah & Director-General, Department of Community Services  FamCAFC 81, [INCADAT cite: HC/E/AU 995].
However, this ruling was overturned on appeal by the High Court of Australia, which held that an existing habitual residence would be lost if the purpose had a sufficient degree of continuity to be described as settled. There did not need to be a settled intention to take up ‘long term' residence:
L.K. v. Director-General Department of Community Services  HCA 9, (2009) 253 ALR 202, [INCADAT cite: HC/E/AU 1012].
Preparation of INCADAT case law analysis in progress.
The classification of consent has given rise to difficulty. Some courts have indeed considered that the issue of consent goes to the wrongfulness of the removal or retention and should therefore be considered within Article 3, see:
In the Marriage of Regino and Regino v. The Director-General, Department of Families Services and Aboriginal and Islander Affairs Central Authority (1995) FLC 92-587 [INCADAT cite: HC/E/AU 312];
Re P.-J. (Children)  EWCA Civ 588, [INCADAT cite: HC/E/UKe 1014].
Although the issue had ostensibly been settled in English case law, that consent was to be considered under Art 13(1) a), neither member of the two judge panel of the Court of Appeal appeared entirely convinced of this position.
Reference can equally be made to examples where trial courts have not considered the Art 3 - Art 13(1) a) distinction, but where consent, in terms of initially going along with a move, has been treated as relevant to wrongfulness, see:
F.C. c. P.A., Droit de la famille - 08728, Cour supérieure de Chicoutimi, 28 mars 2008, N°150-04-004667-072, [INCADAT cite: HC/E/CA 969];
U/EU970069, Bezirksgericht Zürich (Zurich District Court), [INCADAT cite: HC/E/CH 425];
United Kingdom - Scotland
Murphy v. Murphy 1994 GWD 32-1893 [INCADAT cite: HC/E/UKs 186].
The case was not considered in terms of the Art 3 - Art 13(1) a) distinction, but given that the father initially went along with the relocation it was held that there would be neither a wrongful removal or retention.
The majority view is now though that consent should be considered in relation to Article 13(1) a), see:
Director-General, Department of Child Safety v. Stratford  Fam CA 1115, [INCADAT cite: HC/E/UKe 830];
United Kingdom - England & Wales
Re C. (Abduction: Consent)  1 FLR 414, [INCADAT cite: HC/E/UKe 53];
T. v. T. (Abduction: Consent)  2 FLR 912;
Re D. (Abduction: Discretionary Return)  1 FLR 24, [INCADAT cite: HC/E/UKe 267];
Re P. (A Child) (Abduction: Acquiescence)  EWCA CIV 971,  Fam. 293, [INCADAT cite: HC/E/UKe 591];
B.B. v. J.B.  1 ILRM 136; sub nom B. v. B. (Child Abduction)  1 IR 299, [INCADAT cite: HC/E/IE 287];
United Kingdom - Scotland
T. v. T. 2004 S.C. 323, [INCADAT cite: HC/E/UKs 997];
For a discussion of the issues involved see Beaumont & McEleavy, The Hague Convention on International Child Abduction, OUP, 1999 at p. 132 et seq.
The issue of how to respond when a taking parent who is a primary carer threatens not to accompany a child back to the State of habitual residence if a return order is made, is a controversial one.
There are examples from many Contracting States where courts have taken a very strict approach so that, other than in exceptional situations, the Article 13(1)(b) exception has not been upheld where the non-return argument has been raised, see:
4Ob1523/96, Oberster Gerichtshof [INCADAT Reference: HC/E/AT 561]
M.G. v. R.F., 2002 R.J.Q. 2132 [INCADAT Reference: HC/E/CA 762]
N.P. v. A.B.P., 1999 R.D.F. 38 [INCADAT Reference: HC/E/CA 764]
In this case, a non-return order was made since the facts were exceptional. There had been a genuine threat to the mother, which had put her quite obviously and rightfully in fear for her safety if she returned to Israel. The mother was taken to Israel on false pretences, sold to the Russian Mafia and re-sold to the father who forced her into prostitution. She was locked in, beaten by the father, raped and threatened. The mother was genuinely in a state of fear and could not be expected to return to Israel. It would be wholly inappropriate to send the child back without his mother to a father who had been buying and selling women and running a prostitution business.
United Kingdom - England and Wales
C. v. C. (Minor: Abduction: Rights of Custody Abroad)  1 WLR 654 [INCADAT Reference: HC/E/UKe 34]
Re C. (Abduction: Grave Risk of Psychological Harm)  1 FLR 1145 [INCADAT Reference: HC/E/UKe 269]
However, in a more recent English Court of Appeal judgment, the C. v. C. approach has been refined:
Re S. (A Child) (Abduction: Grave Risk of Harm)  3 FCR 43,  EWCA Civ 908 [INCADAT Reference: HC/E/UKe 469]
In this case, it was ruled that a mother's refusal to return was capable of amounting to a defence because the refusal was not an act of unreasonableness, but came about as a result of an illness she was suffering from. It may be noted, however, that a return order was nevertheless still made. In this context reference may also be made to the decisions of the United Kingdom Supreme Court in Re E. (Children) (Abduction: Custody Appeal)  UKSC 27,  1 A.C. 144 [INCADAT Reference: HC/E/UKe 1068] and Re S. (A Child) (Abduction: Rights of Custody)  UKSC 10,  2 A.C. 257 [INCADAT Reference: HC/E/UKe 1147], in which it was accepted that the anxieties of a respondent mother about return, which were not based upon objective risk to her but nevertheless were of such intensity as to be likely, in the event of a return, to destabilise her parenting of the child to the point at which the child's situation would become intolerable, could in principle meet the threshold of the Article 13(1)(b) exception.
Oberlandesgericht Dresden, 10 UF 753/01, 21 January 2002 [INCADAT Reference: HC/E/DE 486]
Oberlandesgericht Köln, 21 UF 70/01, 12 April 2001 [INCADAT: HC/E/DE 491]
Previously a much more liberal interpretation had been adopted:
Oberlandesgericht Stuttgart, 17 UF 260/98, 25 November 1998 [INCADAT Reference: HC/E/DE 323]
5P_71/2003/min, II. Zivilabteilung, arrêt du TF du 27 mars 2003 [INCADAT Reference: HC/E/CH 788]
5P_65/2002/bnm, II. Zivilabteilung, arrêt du TF du 11 avril 2002 [INCADAT Reference: HC/E/CH 789]
5P_367/2005/ast, II. Zivilabteilung, arrêt du TF du 15 novembre 2005 [INCADAT Reference: HC/E/CH 841]
5A_285/2007/frs, IIe Cour de droit civil, arrêt du TF du 16 août 2007 [INCADAT Reference: HC/E/CH 955]
5A_479/2012, IIe Cour de droit civil, arrêt du TF du 13 juillet 2012 [INCADAT Reference: HC/E/CH 1179]
K.S. v. L.S.  3 NZLR 837 [INCADAT Reference: HC/E/NZ 770]
United Kingdom - Scotland
McCarthy v. McCarthy  SLT 743 [INCADAT Reference: HC/E/UKs 26]
United States of America
Panazatou v. Pantazatos, No. FA 96071351S (Conn. Super. Ct., 1997) [INCADAT Reference: HC/E/USs 97]
In other Contracting States, the approach taken with regard to non-return arguments has varied:
In Australia, early Convention case law exhibited a very strict approach adopted with regard to non-return arguments, see:
Director-General Department of Families, Youth and Community Care and Hobbs, 24 September 1999, Family Court of Australia (Brisbane) [INCADAT Reference: HC/E/AU 294]
Director General of the Department of Family and Community Services v. Davis (1990) FLC 92-182 [INCADAT Reference: HC/E/AU 293]
In State Central Authority v. Ardito, 20 October 1997 [INCADAT Reference: HC/E/AU 283], the Family Court of Australia at Melbourne did find the grave risk of harm exception to be established where the mother would not return, but in this case the mother had been denied entry into the United States of America, the child's State of habitual residence.
Following the judgment of the High Court of Australia (the highest court in the Australian judicial system) in the joint appeals DP v. Commonwealth Central Authority; J.L.M. v. Director-General, NSW Department of Community Services  HCA 39, (2001) 180 ALR 402 [INCADAT Reference HC/E/AU 346, 347], greater attention has been focused on the post-return situation facing abducted children.
In the context of a primary-carer taking parent refusing to return to the child's State of habitual residence see: Director General, Department of Families v. RSP.  FamCA 623 [INCADAT Reference HC/E/AU 544].
In French case law, a permissive approach to Article 13(1)(b) has been replaced with a much more restrictive interpretation. For examples of the initial approach, see:
Cass. Civ 1ère 12. 7. 1994, S. c. S.. See Rev. Crit. 84 (1995), p. 96 note H. Muir Watt; JCP 1996 IV 64 note Bosse-Platière, Defrénois 1995, art. 36024, note J. Massip [INCADAT Reference: HC/E/FR 103]
Cass. Civ 1ère, 22 juin 1999, No de RG 98-17902 [INCADAT Reference: HC/E/FR 498]
And for examples of the stricter interpretation, see:
Cass Civ 1ère, 25 janvier 2005, No de RG 02-17411 [INCADAT Reference: HC/E/FR 708]
CA Agen, 1 décembre 2011, No de RG 11/01437 [INCADAT Reference HC/E/FR 1172]
In Israeli case law there are contrasting examples of the judicial response to non-return arguments:
Civil Appeal 4391/96 Ro v. Ro [INCADAT Reference: HC/E/IL 832]
in contrast with:
Family Appeal 621/04 D.Y v. D.R [INCADAT Reference: HC/E/IL 833]
Decision of the Supreme Court, 7 October 1998, I CKN 745/98 [INCADAT Reference: HC/E/PL 700]
The Supreme Court noted that it would not be in the child's best interests if she were deprived of her mother's care, were the latter to choose to remain in Poland. However, it equally affirmed that if the child were to stay in Poland it would not be in her interests to be deprived of the care of her father. For these reasons, the Court concluded that it could not be assumed that ordering the return of the child would place her in an intolerable situation.
Decision of the Supreme Court, 1 December 1999, I CKN 992/99 [INCADAT Reference: HC/E/PL 701]
The Supreme Court specified that the frequently used argument of the child's potential separation from the taking parent, did not, in principle, justify the application of the exception. It held that where there were no objective obstacles to the return of a taking parent, then it could be assumed that the taking parent considered his own interest to be more important than those of the child.
The Court added that a taking parent's fear of being held criminally liable was not an objective obstacle to return, as the taking parent should have been aware of the consequences of his actions. The situation with regard to infants was however more complicated. The Court held that the special bond between mother and baby only made their separation possible in exceptional cases, and this was so even if there were no objective obstacles to the mother's return to the State of habitual residence. The Court held that where the mother of an infant refused to return, whatever the reason, then the return order should be refused on the basis of Article 13(1)(b). On the facts, return was ordered.
Solicitud conforme al Convenio de La Haya sobre los Aspectos Civiles de la Sustracción Internacional de Menores - Casación, IUE 9999-68/2010 [INCADAT Reference: HC/E/UY 1185]
European Court of Human Rights (ECrtHR)
There are decisions of the ECrtHR which have endorsed a strict approach with regard to the compatibility of Hague Convention exceptions and the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR). Some of these cases have considered arguments relevant to the issue of grave risk of harm, including where an abductor has indicated an unwillingness to accompany the returning child, see:
Ilker Ensar Uyanık c. Turquie (Application No 60328/09) [INCADAT Reference: HC/E/ 1169]
In this case, the ECrtHR upheld a challenge by the left-behind father that the refusal of the Turkish courts to return his child led to a breach of Article 8 of the ECHR. The ECrtHR stated that whilst very young age was a criterion to be taken into account to determine the child's interest in an abduction case, it could not be considered by itself a sufficient ground, in relation to the requirements of the Hague Convention, to justify dismissal of a return application.
Recourse has been had to expert evidence to assist in ascertaining the potential consequences of the child being separated from the taking parent
Maumousseau and Washington v. France (Application No 39388/05) of 6 December 2007 [INCADAT Reference: HC/E/ 942]
Lipowsky and McCormack v. Germany (Application No 26755/10) of 18 January 2011 [INCADAT Reference: HC/E/ 1201]
MR and LR v. Estonia (Application No 13420/12) of 15 May 2012 [INCADAT Reference: HC/E/ 1177]
However, it must equally be noted that since the Grand Chamber ruling in Neulinger and Shuruk v. Switzerland, there are examples of a less strict approach being followed. The latter ruling had emphasised the best interests of the individual abducted child in the context of an application for return and the ascertainment of whether the domestic courts had conducted an in-depth examination of the entire family situation as well as a balanced and reasonable assessment of the respective interests of each person, see:
Neulinger and Shuruk v. Switzerland (Application No 41615/07), Grand Chamber, of 6 July 2010 [INCADAT Reference: HC/E/ 1323]
X. v. Latvia (Application No 27853/09) of 13 December 2011 [INCADAT Reference: HC/E/ 1146]; and Grand Chamber ruling X. v. Latvia (Application No 27853/09), Grand Chamber [INCADAT Reference: HC/E/ 1234]
B. v. Belgium (Application No 4320/11) of 10 July 2012 [INCADAT Reference: HC/E/ 1171]
In this case, a majority found that the return of a child to the United States of America would lead to a breach of Article 8 of the ECHR. The decision-making process of the Belgian Appellate Court as regards Article 13(1)(b) was held not to have met the procedural requirements inherent in Article 8 of the ECHR. The two dissenting judges noted, however, that the danger referred to in Article 13 should not consist only of the separation of the child from the taking parent.
(Author: Peter McEleavy, April 2013)
Preparation of INCADAT case law analysis in progress.
A uniform interpretation has not emerged with regard to the concept of settlement; in particular whether it should be construed literally or rather in accordance with the policy objectives of the Convention. In jurisdictions favouring the latter approach the burden of proof on the abducting parent is clearly greater and the exception is more difficult to establish.
Jurisdictions in which a heavy burden of proof has been attached to the establishment of settlement include:
United Kingdom - England & Wales
Re N. (Minors) (Abduction)  1 FLR 413 [INCADAT cite: HC/E/UKe 106]
In this case it was held that settlement is more than mere adjustment to surroundings. It involves a physical element of relating to, being established in, a community and an environment. It also has an emotional constituent denoting security and stability.
Cannon v. Cannon  EWCA CIV 1330,  1 FLR 169 [INCADAT cite: HC/E/UKe 598]
For academic criticism of Re N. see:
Collins L. et al., Dicey, Morris & Collins on the Conflict of Laws, 14th Edition, Sweet & Maxwell, London, 2006, paragraph 19-121.
However, it may be noted that a more recent development in England has been the adoption of a child-centric assessment of settlement by the House of Lords in Re M. (Children) (Abduction: Rights of Custody)  UKHL 55,  1 AC 1288, [INCADAT cite: HC/E/UKe 937]. This ruling may impact on the previous case law.
However there was no apparent weakening of the standard in the non-Convention case Re F. (Children) (Abduction: Removal Outside Jurisdiction)  EWCA Civ. 842,  2 F.L.R. 1649,[INCADAT cite: HC/E/UKe 982].
United Kingdom - Scotland
Soucie v. Soucie 1995 SC 134 [INCADAT cite: HC/E/UKs 107]
For Article 12(2) to be activated the interest of the child in not being uprooted must be so cogent that it outweighs the primary purpose of the Convention, namely the return of the child to the proper jurisdiction so that the child's future may be determined in the appropriate place.
P. v. S., 2002 FamLR 2 [INCADAT cite: HC/E/UKs 963]
A settled situation was one which could reasonably be relied upon to last as matters stood and did not contain indications that it was likely to change radically or to fall apart. There had therefore to be some projection into the future.
C. v. C.  CSOH 42, [INCADAT cite: HC/E/UKs 962]
United States of America
In re Interest of Zarate, No. 96 C 50394 (N.D. Ill. Dec. 23, 1996) [INCADAT cite: HC/E/USf 134]
A literal interpretation of the concept of settlement has been favoured in:
Director-General, Department of Community Services v. M. and C. and the Child Representative (1998) FLC 92-829 [INCADAT cite: HC/E/AU 291];
China - (Hong Kong Special Administrative Region)
A.C. v. P.C.  HKMP 1238 [INCADAT cite: HC/E/HK 825].
The impact of the divergent interpretations is arguably most marked where very young children are concerned.
It has been held that settlement is to be considered from the perspective of a young child in:
7Ob573/90 Oberster Gerichtshof, 17/05/1990 [INCADAT cite: HC/E/AT 378];
Secretary, Attorney-General's Department v. T.S. (2001) FLC 93-063 [INCADAT cite: HC/E/AU 823];
State Central Authority v. C.R  Fam CA 1050 [INCADAT cite: HC/E/AU 824];
Family Application 000111/07 Ploni v. Almonit, [INCADAT cite: HC/E/IL 938];
R 6136; M. Le Procureur Général contre M. H. K., [INCADAT cite: HC/E/MC 510];
Präsidium des Bezirksgerichts St. Gallen (District Court of St. Gallen) (Switzerland), decision of 8 September 1998, 4 PZ 98-0217/0532N, [INCADAT cite: HC/E/CH 431].
A child-centric approach has also been adopted in several significant appellate decisions with regard to older children, with emphasis placed on the children's views.
United Kingdom - England & Wales
Re M. (Children) (Abduction: Rights of Custody)  UKHL 55,  1 AC 1288, [INCADAT cite: HC/E/UKe 937];
CA Paris 27 Octobre 2005, 05/15032, [INCADAT cite: HC/E/FR 814];
Droit de la Famille 2785, Cour d'appel de Montréal, 5 December 1997, No 500-09-005532-973 [INCADAT cite: HC/E/CA 653].
In contrast, a more objective assessment was favoured in the United States decision:
David S. v. Zamira S., 151 Misc. 2d 630, 574 N.Y.S.2d 429 (Fam. Ct. 1991) [INCADAT cite: HC/E/USs 208]
The children, aged 3 and 1 1/2, had not established significant ties to their community in Brooklyn; they were not involved in school, extra-curricular, community, religious or social activities which children of an older age would be.
Preparation of INCADAT commentary in progress.

domain: law


Posted by: Rebecca on December 16, 2013
It’s a Monday afternoon, the sun has just hit your desk and you’re already dreaming of turning the radio up on driving home on Friday afternoon – or reminiscing of Sunday, sitting on a deck chair with a burger in hand. Transporting you back there any time of the week is the Roof To Reel series presented by EDD FISHER at Rooftop bar throughout the summer, to be replayed on his PBS Radio Show ‘Tomorrowland‘ every Friday from 1pm- 3pm. A few weeks ago saw The Operatives’ JPS, SEAN DEANS and FUGITIVE take to the rooftop to play some audio delights – catch up with them below and with eyes closed you can almost taste the weekend cider.
Check out Tomorrowland here.
Follow the Roof To Reel series here.
Picture of JPS courtesy of Edd Fisher.
© THE OPERATIVES 2013 SITE BY NEWGEN STUDIO


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Advantech designed two types of WISE-Nodes—Senor Nodes and I/O Nodes.
Advantech WISE-3000 series node devices have a 6LowPAN communication carrier board, plus a function board with enclosure for different application environment demands. Sensor node WISE-3010 is an outdoor parking solution which uses a low-field magnetic sensor for parking space availability direction. WISE-3021 is an AI/DIDO thermal sensor node, equipped with temperature and humidity sensors, for general environmental monitoring. WISE-3150 I/O node is designed with 6-ch analog input interface: WISE-3151 I/O node has a RS-422/485 interface that gives 2 plug-in terminal blocks and configurable Modbus, and WISE-3152 is a digital I/O node that provides 6-ch output with power relay.
Intelligent WISE-Gateway for Data Collection and Access Control
Advantech WISE-3000 gateway series deliver wire-like data reliability and performance in a low power cost-effective design. Being 6LowPAN compliant, WISE-3000 series are all IP-based devices that allow universal TCP/IP adoption to fulfill IoT demands for cloud computing and big data application. Advantech releases two dedicated WISE-Gateway devices—WISE-3310 and WISE-3320. Both use WPAN technology, to access and manage WISE-Node devices wirelessly and transfer sensor data from WPAN to the Internet. WISE-3310 is a Freescale i.MX6 dual Cortex-A9 1.0 GHz platform with wireless mesh solution to connect up to 200 WISE-Node devices. WISE-3320 employs a TI Sitera AM3352 Dual Cortex-A8 1.0 GHz platform with wireless mesh solution to connect up to 100 WISE-Node Devices.
WISE is Ready for Real Implementation
The WISE-3000 series offers customers the most reliable Wireless Sensor Network with robust interconnectivity, ease of installation and lowest maintenance cost. Ideal applications include environmental monitoring and indoor/outdoor data collecting network applications, such as air quality systems, water tank level monitoring, smart parking systems, smart gardens and more. Advantech WISE product teams can evaluate any customer demands and fulfill them by standard products or customization services.
For more information regarding WISE-Node and Gateway devices, please contact your local sales office, or visit the Advantech website (www.advantech.eu)
Founded in 1983, Advantech is a leader in providing trusted, innovative products, services, and solutions. Advantech offers comprehensive system integration, hardware, software, customer-centric design services, embedded systems, automation products, and global logistics support. We cooperate closely with our partners to help provide complete solutions for a wide array of applications across a diverse range of industries. Our mission is to enable an intelligent planet with Automation and Embedded Computing products and solutions that empower the development of smarter working and living. With Advantech, there is no limit to the applications and innovations our products make possible. (Corporate Website: http://www.advantech.com/)
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Minimum Temperature: 13°C (55°F)
Wind Direction: North Easterly
Friday 25th Aug
Beat Generator Live , 70 North Lindsay Street, Dundee, DD1 1PS, United...
On Aug 25, 2017
Absolute Bowie, Europe's favourite Bowie tribute band takes you on a musical journey through the ever changing phases of Bowie's music and fashion with incredible attention to detail.

domain: artistic


Edibles, also known as cannabis-infused food or drink, can provide a different experience compared to smoking or vaping marijuana. While the legalization of marijuana has led to an increase in its consumption, some people wonder whether edibles cause weight gain. In this article, we will explore the science behind edibles and how they affect our bodies, ultimately answering the question: do edibles make you gain weight?
The Science of Edibles and Weight Gain
Before we can answer the question, it’s essential to understand how edibles work in the body. Edibles contain tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), which is the active ingredient that produces the “high.” When we eat edibles, THC enters the bloodstream and is metabolized by the liver, releasing a different form of THC that impacts the body and brain differently than inhalation methods like smoking or vaporizing.
THC affects the body’s endocannabinoid system, which helps regulate many functions, including appetite, mood, sleep, and pain. When THC activates the endocannabinoid system, it can increase appetite and slow down metabolism, leading to weight gain. However, the effect of THC on metabolism and appetite is short-lived, with studies showing that it may only increase appetite for a short time.
While THC can impact appetite and metabolism, it’s not the sole factor for weight gain. Other factors like genetics, lifestyle, and diet can affect our weight.
Debunking the Myth: Do Edibles Really Make You Gain Weight?
Despite popular belief, consuming edibles itself does not cause weight gain. Several studies have researched the relationship between marijuana and body weight, and the results show that there’s no significant difference in body weight between people who consume marijuana and people who don’t.
A study published in the American Journal of Epidemiology followed over 33,000 individuals for more than six years and found that cannabis users had a lower Body Mass Index (BMI) than non-users. Another study published in the International Journal of Epidemiology showed a similar pattern, concluding that marijuana consumption was not associated with higher BMIs.
While edibles can cause an increase in appetite, they don’t directly cause weight gain. Consuming edibles in moderation and healthy doses can provide a pleasant experience without having to worry about gaining weight.
How to Indulge in Edibles Without Packing on the Pounds
If you’re concerned about weight gain but still want to enjoy edibles, there are ways to indulge in moderation without having to worry about the consequences. Here are some tips:
- Choose low-calorie options: When buying edibles, choose options that are low in calories and sugar, like gummies or candies with no added sugar. Avoid high-calorie options like brownies and cookies.
- Accurately dose your edibles: Overconsumption is the leading cause of adverse effects from edibles, including weight gain. Make sure to accurately dose your edibles and wait for the effects to take place before consuming more.
- Stick to a healthy diet: Eating a healthy diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains can help maintain your weight.
Understanding Portion Control When It Comes to Edibles and How It Affects Your Weight
Portion control plays a significant role in weight management, and the same principle applies to edibles. Eating too much can lead to weight gain, while eating too little can prevent you from experiencing the desired effects. Here are some tips for portion control:
- Start with a small dose: Start with a low dose and wait for the effect to take place, then slowly increase the dose as necessary.
- Avoid overeating: Don’t consume edibles to the point where you’re uncomfortably full. Instead, eat until you’re satisfied.
- Read the labels: Always read the labels to ensure you’re consuming the recommended dose and know exactly what you’re eating.
The Role of Metabolism in Edibles and Weight Gain: What You Need to Know
Metabolism is the process by which the body converts food and drink into energy. It plays a crucial role in weight gain, as a slower metabolism can lead to an increase in body weight. THC can impact metabolism by slowing it down temporarily, leading many to believe that it’s a leading cause of weight gain. However, THC’s effect on metabolism is short-lived, and it’s not enough to cause significant weight gain.
Mindful Eating Practices for Edibles: Reducing Calorie Intake and Avoiding Overeating
Mindful eating is an effective way to reduce calorie intake, promote weight loss, and avoid overeating when consuming edibles. Here are some tips for practicing mindful eating when consuming edibles:
- Eat slowly: Take the time to savor your food and enjoy the taste. This can help prevent overeating.
- Eliminate distractions: Eating while distracted can lead to overeating. Try to eat in a quiet, peaceful environment to avoid distractions.
- Don’t eat directly from the package: Portion out your edibles onto a plate or bowl to avoid unintentionally overeating.
Balancing Your Edibles Consumption with Exercise and Physical Activity for Weight Management
While edibles alone do not cause weight gain, it’s still critical to balance our consumption with exercise and physical activity. Exercise can help boost our metabolism, burn calories, and promote weight loss. Try to incorporate regular exercise or physical activity into your routine to maintain a healthy weight.
While consuming edibles can increase appetite and temporarily slow down metabolism, it does not directly cause weight gain. By following healthy consumption tips, practicing mindful eating, and balancing our consumption with exercise, we can still enjoy the benefits of edibles without having to worry about our weight.
Remember, the best way to manage your weight is to maintain a healthy lifestyle with healthy eating habits and regular exercise.


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An interesting medical malpractice of failing to diagnose miningitis case is underway in our neighboring state, Massachusetts. recently. A mother from Lowell is suing her daughter's former doctor, insisting a misdiagnosis of meningitis that left her now-15-year-old daughter brain damaged.
Stacy claims that she took her daughter Amber to the Greater Lowell Pediatrics Center to be treated in August 2005. Her regular doctor was away on maternity leave, so Amber was seen by a different doctor.
The doctor told Stacy that her child was probably suffering from allergies. She said that she rule out meningitis. However, it was later discovered that the doctor dad written in Amber's medical record that she suspected viral meningitis, but did not perform a spinal tap. She gave her a prescription for Flonase, and that was it. While in the office, Stacy asked if any other tests could be done and the doctor said that they weren't necessary. Stacy also asked specifically asked the doctor to take a blood sample in case Amber had meningitis, but the doctor said she ruled out the disease.
I turned out that the child did have a serious case os meningitis.
Two days after that appointment, Amber had a seizure, suffered a stroke, and fell into a coma. The doctors at Lowell General Hospital discovered Amber's meningitis. Meningitis is an inflammation of the brain tissue caused by an infection traveling through the blood stream to the brain, and if left untreated, it can lead to permanent brain damage or even death. Amber woke up from her coma three weeks later with brain damage that will not allow her to function above a child's level for the rest of her life. It is estimated that Amber's bill for her lifelong care will be more than $14 million.
If you or anyone you know has suffered a serious life changing injury from medical malpractice in Connecticut, contact the medical malpractice lawyers at The Bartinik Law Firm, PC., 100 Fort Hill Road, Groton, CT at 860 445 8521 or toll free at 888 717 4211.

domain: news


Browning 9mm L9A1 Pistol Lapel Pin
Wear this Browning 9mm Pin with pride at any time of the year
Made with High quality metals
2 x Rear metal butterfly pin fasteners.
Free UK Postage & Packaging orders over £6.50
Worldwide postage will be added at checkout for your country destination. Using the current Royal Mail Standard Delivery Tariffs. Tracked & Signed options are available.
Why not purchase a pack of Spring Loaded Chrome Pin Savers, never lose another lapel pin. Very secure.
The Browning Hi Power is a single-action, semi-automatic handgun available in the 9mm and .40 S&W calibers. It is based on a design by American firearms inventor John Browning, and completed by Dieudonné Saive at Fabrique Nationale (FN) of Herstal, Belgium. Browning died in 1926, several years before the design was finalized. The Hi-Power is one of the most widely used military pistols in history, having been used by the armed forces of over 50 countries. After 82 years of continuous production, the Hi-Power was discontinued in 2017.
The Hi Power name alludes to the 13-round magazine capacity, almost twice that of contemporary designs such as the Luger or Colt M1911. The pistol is often referred to as an HP (for "Hi-Power" or "High-Power"),GP (for the French term, "Grande Puissance") BAP (Browning Automatic Pistol) or BHP (Browning High-Power). The terms P-35 and HP-35 are also used, based on the introduction of the pistol in 1935. It is most often called the "Hi Power", even in Belgium.


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Please feel free to meet my Dom @ www.DomSold.com I know you'll love him as much as I do!!!
Sweet Sweet Sue's is located at 140 Main Street Staten Island, NY 10307 We are not a bakery, we are custom cake designers. All of Sue's cakes are custom made to your specifications. Email Sue at: email@example.com or call 718-966-CAKE and reserve your date today!
Our Client List Includes; Above, Angelina's Restaurant, Ariana's Grand, Bella Magazine, Balloon's Plus, Cartier, Casa Belvedere, Contemporary Bride Magazine. Covergirl, Cutest Cookies, House of Designer VALENTINO,DMC sound, Eagle Oak's Country Club, Emerald Video Productions, E-Squared productions, Furla, Fushimi, The Hilton,The Grand Plaza, The Manhattan Hotel, The Old Bermuda , Inn, Magestic Moments Vidieo, Mama Raio's Restaurante, Marquis florals By Kim, The loft at Ariana's Grand, Philip Siciliand Photography, Partners In Sound, Sound Explosion, Uniquely Yours, The Vanderbilt, Wizard Of Art, Island Chateau and X-quisite Video.
We do; Staten Island Sweet 16 cakes, Staten island Wedding cakes, Staten Island Custom Cakes, Staten Island Specialty Cakes, Staten Island Communion Cakes, Staten Island Grooms cakes, Staten Island cakes, New Jersey Cakes, New York Cakes, Brooklyn Cakes, Queens Cakes, Bronx Cakes, Long Island Cakes & Manhattan Cakes.


LIQUIFLO PUMPS HISTORY
- LIQUIFLO PUMPS is an international company that engineers, manufactures, and markets sealed and mag-drive gear pumps and centrifugal pumps.
- Since 1972, LIQUIFLO PUMPS has been a leading manufacturer of high-alloy gear pumps and centrifugal pumps – designed specifically to meet the demanding needs of the chemical processing industry. LIQUIFLO gear pumps have handled thousands of difficult chemicals and have been successfully applied in many difficult pumping situations, including high-viscosity, high-pressure and high-temperature applications.
- One of LIQUIFLO PUMP’s best achievements is the application of gear pumps to low-viscosity fluids by using a wide variety of non-metallic, self-lubricating components. In addition, LIQUIFLO PUMPS was one of the first companies to apply magnetic-drive technology to gear pumps. By focusing mainly on chemical applications, LIQUIFLO PUMPS has earned its reputation as one of the world’s leading pump companies.
SPECIALITY AND USP OF LIQUIFLO PUMPS
• Ideal for low– Flow and high, Pressure applications.
• Virtually no pulsations – Ideal for metering applications.
• Flow accuracies of 0.5-2.0% are achievable.
• Require less auxiliary equipment than Diaphragm pumps (Pulsation dampeners, Air compressors, Dryers, etc.)
• No check valves to clog
• No diaphragms or hoses to rupture and leak
• Reliable – High MTBM (mean time between maintenance)
• Simple to understand and maintain – Repair kits are available which contain all components to completely and easily rebuild all Liquiflo gear pumps to like-new condition
• Self-Priming/Suction lift capability
• Low NPSHR – Smaller pipe diameters are required
• Useful over a wide range of viscosities (0.3 to 100,000+ cP)
• Bi-directional flow – Interchangeable suction & discharge por
Mag-Drive Gear Pumps:
• Provide the simplest and best method for containing hazardous liquids
• Are ideal for applications where absolutely no leakage can be tolerated
• Are typically less expensive than double-sealed arrangements
• Eliminate cooling loops required on double-sealed arrangements
• Eliminate the need to dispose of barrier fluids used on double-sealed pumps
• Require less maintenance than mechanically-sealed pumps since there are no seals to replace
Liquiflo Gear pump product range
- Flows up to 55 GPM /200 LPM
- Differential Pressures up to 350 PSI / 24 BAR
- Viscosities from 0.3 to 100,000+ cP
Temperature ranges from -40 Deg. C to + 260 Deg. C.
- Adhesives & Coatings
- Chemical Plants
- Food & Dairy
- Iron & Steel Mills
- Metal Finishing
- Mining & Materials
- Personal & Household Products
- Power Plants & Utilities
- Pulp & Paper
- Original Equipment Manufacturers
MATERIAL OF CONSTRUCTION
Liquiflo offered the below material
- Body– 316 ss, Alloy-c, Alloy 20, and Titanium.
- Drive Gear- Alloy c, Teflon, SS316, Peek.
- Idler Gear– Alloy c, Teflon, SS316, Ryton, Peek.
- Wear plate– Teflon, Silicon carbide, Carbon 60, Peek.
- Bearing– Teflon, Silicon carbide, Carbon 60, Peek.
- Shaft Coastings– Same as housing, Ceramic, and Tungsten carbide.
- O rings– Teflon, SS316/PTFE encapsulated, Buna-n, EPDM, Viton, Kalrez.
- Retaining rings= Same as housing material.
- Bearing pins= Teflon, Alloy-c, SS 316.
- Other M.O.C is available on request.


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Subsurface transport of Phosphorus in Riparian floodplains: Influence of preferential flow paths
Received for publication April 29, 2008. For phosphorus (P) transport from upland areas to surface water systems, the primary transport mechanism is typically considered to be surface runoff with subsurface transport assumed negligible. However, certain local conditions can lead to an environment where subsurface transport may be significant. The objective of this research was to determine the potential of subsurface transport of P along streams characterized by cherty or gravel subsoils, especially the impact of preferential flow paths on P transport. At a field site along the Barren Fork Creek in northeastern Oklahoma, a trench was installed with the bottom at the topsoil/alluvial gravel interface. Fifteen piezometers were installed surrounding the trench to monitor flow and transport. In three experiments, water was pumped into the trench from the Barren Fork Creek to maintain a constant head. At the same time, a conservative tracer (Rhodamine WT) and/or potassium phosphate solution were injected into the trench at concentrations at 3 and 100 mg/L for Rhodamine WT and at 100 mg/L for P. Laboratory flow-cell experiments were also conducted on soil material <2 mm in size to determine the effect that flow velocity had on P sorption. Rhodamine WT and P were detected in some piezometers at equivalent concentrations as measured in the trench, suggesting the presence of preferential flow pathways and heterogeneous interaction between streams and subsurface transport pathways, even in nonstructured, coarse gravel soils. Phosphorus transport was retarded in nonpreferential flow paths. Breakthrough times were approximately equivalent for Rhodamine WT and P suggesting no colloidal-facilitated P transport. Results from laboratory flow-cell experiments suggested that higher velocity resulted in less P sorption for the alluvial subsoil. Therefore, differences in flow rates between preferential and nonpreferential flow pathways in the field led to variable sorption. The potential for nutrient subsurface transport shown by this alluvial system has implications regarding management of similar riparian floodplain systems.

domain: literature


President Obama made his first campaign stop this fall on behalf of an individual House member Friday night, a direct appeal to young voters and African Americans to cast their ballots for freshman Rep. Tom Perriello. Speaking before a crowd of about 10,000, some huddled in blankets against the crisp night, Obama portrayed Perriello as a congressman who had made courageous decisions in Washington even when he knew they would not be popular in his Republican-leaning district. "I'm not here because Tom votes with me on every issue. Sometimes he disagrees with me,'' Obama said. "He didn't go to Washington to do what was easy or do what was popular. He went to do what was right." The boisterous gathering on the historic Downtown Mall in Charlottesville responded to the president by waving blue Perriello signs and occasionally chanting, "Go, Tom, go." Read the full story here. See Obama's full...
The Virginia State Board of Elections is trying to assure voters that recent computer issues that have caused computers to run slowly for local registrars will not affect Tuesday's vote. The program that's been troubled is the state's voter database. Called VERIS, state officials said in a release Friday that the issues have been resolved. Even if VERIS were to run slowly on Tuesday, they said, the problem should not affect the voting process because it is an isolated database, not connected with either the electronic e-poll books used at polling places to check-in voters or to electronic voting machines....
Hours before President Obama travels to Virginia, State Sen. Robert Hurt called his visit on behalf of his opponent, Rep. Tom Perriello, a "Hail Mary pass in the hopes of energizing his base." "It's clearly payback for being a loyal foot soldier for the Pelosi-Obama agenda, and I think the White House, the president, recognizes that his favorite congressman is in trouble and he's coming down to lend a hand in an effort to energize a base that heretofore has not been energized,'' Hurt said in a conference call with reporters. Hurt has accused Perriello of being someone in lockstep with Obama and House Speaker Nancy Pelosi by voting for their signature issues -- health-care reform, emissions limits and government bailouts that cost the 5th Congressional District 11,000 jobs. But Perriello has portrayed himself as an independent voice who bucked his party on bailout money for Wall Street, gun control...
| October 29, 2010; 1:04 PM ET |
Categories: 2010 Virginia Congressional Races, Anita Kumar, Barack Obama, Election 2010, Eric Cantor, Robert F. McDonnell, Robert Hurt, Tom Perriello
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For all the profiles written about Rep. Tom Perriello (D-Va.), and all the talk among supporters that more Democrats should have followed his example -- he remains a decided underdog heading into Tuesday's balloting against state Sen. Robert Hurt (R)
In an interview with Fox News on Thursday night, Bret Baier asked Kaine about recent articles that suggested that he might be too nice to be chairman of the Democratic National Committee.
President Obama is not the only one who will lend Virginia's Democratic congressmen a hand in the final push before Tuesday's election. Tim Kaine, chairman of the Democratic National Committee and former governor, will spend the day in Virginia helping two candidates. He will hold a noon rally in Fairfax County with Rep. Gerry Connolly, who faces Republican Keith Fimian in the 11th District. At 5 p.m., he will appear in Hampton with Rep. Glenn Nye, who is being challenged by Republican Scott Rigell in a tight race in the 2nd District. Kaine and Nye will be joined by Rep. Bobby Scott (D), who is expected to easily win reelection next week. U.S. Sen. Mark Warner will spend the weekend with Rep. Rick Boucher, Nye and Rep. Tom Perriello -- three Democrats fighting to hold onto seats in the face of increasingly tough Republican challengers. On Saturday, Warner will appear...
| October 28, 2010; 4:38 PM ET |
Categories: 2010 Virginia Congressional Races, Anita Kumar, Barack Obama, Election 2010, Glenn Nye, Mark Warner, Rick Boucher, Tom Perriello
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The tributes continue to pour in Thursday for former Virginia congressman Owen Pickett, 80, who died Wednesday. "He set an excellent example as an elected official who consistently worked in a bipartisan way, both in the state legislature and in Congress, to do what was best for the Commonwealth and our nation," Sen. Mark Warner (D) said in a statement. "Virginia has lost one of its most respected leaders,'' Sen. Jim Webb (D) said in a statement. "Owen Pickett tirelessly served Virginia and the nation right up to the end of his life." Pickett (D), a lawyer, represented the 2nd Congressional District in Hampton Roads from 1987 to 2001. Before that, he served in the House of Delegates from 1972 to 1986. In August, Gov. Bob McDonnell (R) tapped Pickett and former Rep. Tom Davis (R) to lead a new statewide military commission. "Even in his final months, knowing that...
The debates over gun control and the 2007 Virginia Tech massacre are making a late entry into the heated contest between Rep. Gerald Connolly (D) and Oakton businessman Keith Fimian (R) in Virginia's 11th district.
| October 28, 2010; 10:39 AM ET |
Categories: 2010 Virginia Congressional Races, Ben Pershing, Election 2010, Gerald E. Connolly, Keith Fimian, Virginia Tech massacre
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It was a big night for U.S. Rep. Tom Perriello on Comedy Central Wednesday. The first-time Virginia Democratic congressman appeared via satellite on the Colbert Report to discuss his campaign against challenger state Sen. Robert Hurt (R-Pittsylvania). Colbert brought him on as an example of a Democrat running in a conservative district who hasn't distanced himself from President Obama or his agenda. Perriello has been arguing his votes in favor of the federal health care bill and an energy bill that would regulate greenhouse gases were good for his district, despite their unpopularity in some quarters. Among the highlights: Colbert asked Perriello about the importance of getting out the youth vote, particularly at the University of Virginia. The 36-year old congressman said he hopes young people will go to the polls. Then Colbert asked if Perriello favors legalizing medical marijuana. "From what I remember of U-Va., there were a lot...
Gov. Bob McDonnell, Lt. Gov. Bill Bolling and Attorney General Ken Cuccinelli will fly around the state Sunday and Monday as part of a last-minute push to get out the vote Tuesday for Republicans in tight races. On Sunday, the three will rally with Keith Fimian, challenging Rep. Gerry Connolly (D) in the 11th District; state Sen. Robert Hurt, running against U.S. Rep. Tom Perriello (D) in the 5th District and House of Delegates Majority Leader Morgan Griffith, who is challenging Rep. Rick Boucher (D) in the 9th District. Monday, they will appear with Scott Rigell, who is running against Rep. Glenn Nye in the 2nd District. McDonnell, Bolling and Cuccinelli will be joined by Pat Mullins, chairman of the Republican Party of Virginia, and on two stops by Rep. Bob Goodlatte, who faces no serious opposition. This week, McDonnell, Bolling and Cuccinelli also have been holding a series of...
| October 28, 2010; 9:15 AM ET |
Categories: 2010 Virginia Congressional Races, Anita Kumar, Bill Bolling, Election 2010, Keith Fimian, Ken Cuccinelli, Morgan Griffith, Robert F. McDonnell, Robert Hurt, Scott Rigell
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In his only letter to Gov. Bob McDonnell about the possible closure of the Joint Forces Command, U.S. Secretary of Defense Robert Gates indicated that some elements of the military installation employing more than 6,000 in Hampton Roads could be salvaged. "I believe some elements of JFCOM will need to be preserved,'' Gates wrote in a handwritten note to McDonnell. "How and where will be part of our analysis and deliberations." The letter, dated Oct. 1, was released by McDonnell's office late Wednesday. McDonnell has been asking for a meeting with Gates for weeks but has yet to be granted one. Late Wednesday, both McDonnell (R) and Sen. Mark Warner (D) sent letters to Gates challenging the Defense Department's analysis that led to Gates recommendation to close the facility and asked for meetings to make their case for JFCOM to stay open. "Since you still have not released any information...
State officials are telling local registrars that computer issues that have caused delays in inputting voter data in recent days have now been resolved. Local registrars have been reporting problems with the computer program, which is run by the Virginia Information Technologies Agency, for several days now. Judy Brown, general registrar of Loudoun County, said the problem has been most pronounced in the morning, when local offices typically run daily reports. The problem cropped up when local officials attempted to enter data from voters who had applied for absentee ballots. At its worst, Brown said the computer was operated so slowly her staff was being timed-out of the system as many as three times for every voter whose information they tried to enter. But VITA officials distributed an e-mail to voting offices around the state Wednesday indicating the problems with the software, called VERIS, have now been resolved. "VITA engineers,...
Virginia Gov. Bob McDonnell welcomed U.S. Secretary of Education Arne Duncan to Richmond Wednesday morning to speak at the Governor's Education Summit. The Innovate to Educate summit, was held at the Virginia Fine Arts Museum for an invitation-only crowd of about 300 lawmakers, superintendents, teachers, college and university officials. McDonnell and Duncan have spoken regularly about their shared vision of education, including charter schools. (Photo Courtesy of Michaele White, governor's photographer)...
It's been a key question as the movement has gained steam over the last year. Some Virginians who affiliate with tea party groups have said success at the polls is a necessity if the group is to become an established force in state politics. Others have said they'd prefer to see the movement focus on issues and stay out of campaigns.
Are national Democrats worried about Rep. Gerald Connolly (D-Va.)?
Gov. Bob McDonnell flies to Iowa to campaign Wednesday. Thursday, he heads to New Hampshire. Yes, Virginia's governor just happens to be campaigning in the two early presidential battleground states. Don't think we hadn't noticed. McDonnell is joining Govs. Haley Barbour of Mississippi and Bobby Jindal of Louisiana in Iowa Wednesday to get out the vote before next week's election. He and Barbour will fly to New Hampshire Thursday. He and governors will travel to Wisconsin, Illinois and Pennsylvania this week. McDonnell spokesman J. Tucker Martin said the governor's schedule only allowed him to travel Wednesday and Thursday -- which takes him to Iowa and New Hampshire. Is McDonnell considering running for president? "He always wanted to see Iowa and New Hampshire in the fall,'' Martin quipped. Updated, 2 p.m. Looks like McDonnell will have to wait to see Iowa for the first time. His plane was unable to land...
Prince William County's Republican supervisors have officially endorsed the Virginia attorney general's legal opinion that the state can impose stricter regulations on first-trimester abortions. During their Tuesday board meeting, the six Republican supervisors approved a resolution that requests that Gov. Robert F. McDonnell (R ) directs the Virginia Board of Health and the Virginia Board of Medicine create, publish and enforce regulations for first-trimester abortion facilities and providers. John D. Jenkins and Frank J. Principi, the two Democrats on the board, abstained from voting on the resolution. "I don't think it is appropriate for the board to act on a state and federal matter," Principi said. "And Prince William doesn't even have a [first-trimester] abortion clinic in the county." The board's resolution comes almost a month after Manassas City Council took a similar stance supporting Attorney General Ken Cuccinelli's August legal opinion that the state can take action to regulate...
Virginia Gov. Bob McDonnell said Tuesday that he supports full disclosure for campaign donors, a position that seemingly puts him at odds with some close allies currently running groups raising millions in undisclosed donations at the national level. McDonnell's former campaign chairman Ed Gillespie this year helped Republican Karl Rove found American Crossroads and the affiliated group Crossroads GPS, a political action committee that's spending millions on issues ads that could help Republican candidates. Fred Malek, a McDonnell ally currently chairing the gubernatorial Government Reform Commission in Virginia, founded a group called the Action Network, which is likewise spending millions on issues ads that could help Republicans but also does not have to disclose its donors. Democrats have made a major push in the final days before Tuesday's election to argue that corporate interests are using such organizations to buy the election. On Tuesday, McDonnell said he prefers the system...
President Obama will campaign for Rep. Tom Perriello on Friday, holding an event in Charlottesville in the final stretch before the midterm elections, administration officials said Tuesday. Perriello, a freshman Democrat with a reputation as a progressive, is a favorite of the Obama White House. This will be the first time Obama has held a rally for a solo House member, and Democratic officials hope it will boost Perriello's effort to turn out the first-time voters who backed him when Obama was at the top of the ticket in 2008. Perriello is locked in a tight battle with Republican State Sen. Robert Hurt. "For the better part of two years, Congressman Perriello has repeatedly sold out his constituents to support Barack Obama's job-killing agenda,'' said Andy Seré, a spokesman for the National Republican Campaign Committee. "For Virginians who are struggling just to get by, Obama's appearance will only serve as...
Virginia Gov. Bob McDonnell (R) said Tuesday that he has ordered a full review of the state's textbook adoption process, in the wake of the discovery that a three-teacher state panel approved a history book for fourth-graders that includes a claim that thousands of African-Americans fought for the Confederacy during the Civil War. Professional historians have said the claim--which the author of "Our Virginia: Past and Present" has said she found using Internet resources largely written by the Sons of Confederate Veterans--is not accurate. In his first public comments on the textbook situation, McDonnell said on WTOP's Ask the Governor radio program that he was "very disappointed" to learn of the situation. He called the claim an "error" that is "outside the historical mainstream."...
Americans for Prosperity, an anti-tax group that supports limited government and free trade, is spending $110,000 on an TV and radio buy against U.S. Rep. Rick Boucher (D) in the final push before the Nov. 2 election. The ads, which will air through Sunday, accuse Boucher of "turning his back on Virginians by supporting the Pelosi-Obama agenda that's killing jobs" by playing a key role passing the cap-and-trade bill that will likely increase utility rates, raise taxes on businesses and leave people out of work. "While Virginia businesses struggle to compete, the Boucher-Pelosi-Obama agenda is working against them,'' the ad says. "Call Rick Boucher and tell him his policies are killing Virginia jobs." The bill passed the House, but not the Senate. The ads will run on network and cable channels....
Sen. Jim Webb (D) has alerted the Department of Defense that he will put a hold on all civilian and flag officer nominations until he gets more information about the decision-making process to Secretary Robert Gates' recommendation that the Joint Forces Command in Norfolk be shuttered. The move elevates Webb's demand for information from the Obama administration and comes just a week before the midterm elections. The decision by the Obama administration's defense secretary to close JFCOM as a cost-saving measure has been a major campaign issue in a race between Democrat Rep. Glenn Nye and Republican Scott Rigell. Members of Virginia's congressional delegation of both parties have said they were blindsided when Gates announced the recommendation, part of a plan to trim the Pentagon's budget in coming years. They have subpoened the Defense Department, insisting that the Pentagon has been stonewalling their request for more information about how the...
Virginia's statewide elected officials are making a final push in the days before next week's Congressional vote on behalf of Republican candidates across the state. On Sunday and Monday, Gov. Bob McDonnell, Lt. Gov. Bill Bolling and Attorney General Ken Cuccinelli will fly around the state, rallying support. More details on the tour when they're released. Between now and then, McDonnell will hold a fundraiser with Keith Fimian, challenging U.S. Rep. Gerry Connolly (D) in the 11th District. On Tuesday, McDonnell heads to Gretna, Va., to raise dollars on behalf of state Sen. Robert Hurt (R), who is challenging U.S. Rep. Tom Perriello (D) in what is considered Virginia's most competitive race. Cuccinelli will be holding a series of fundraisers and rallies with candidates, as well. On Wednesday, he and former governor and senator George Allen headline a fundraiser for Virginia House of Delegates Majority Leader Morgan Griffith (R), challenging...
| October 25, 2010; 3:03 PM ET |
Categories: 2010 Virginia Congressional Races, Bill Bolling, Election 2010, George F. Allen, Gerald E. Connolly, Glenn Nye, Keith Fimian, Ken Cuccinelli, Morgan Griffith, Rick Boucher, Rob Wittman, Robert F. McDonnell, Robert Hurt, Tom Perriello
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Will African-American voters come to the polls in the numbers Democrats need on Nov. 2? How about young people? Can Republicans convince voters all Democrats--even longtime incumbents--are mere allies for House Speaker Nancy Pelosi? How is the tea party movement's anti-government anger playing in the suburbs of the Federal City? Over the last few weeks, we traveled around Virginia looking at these questions--key to the outcome of Congressional races nationally--through the prism of the Commonwealth's most competitive races. You can take a look at the results here. Looking at the black vote in Virginia's 2nd Congressional District. Talking to young people in the 5th Congressional District. Testing the power of incumbency in the 9th District. Evaluating the tea party's sway in the suburbs in the 11th District....
Rosalind S. Helderman
| October 25, 2010; 10:13 AM ET |
Categories: !Elections, 2010 Virginia Congressional Races, Election 2010, Gerald E. Connolly, Glenn Nye, Keith Fimian, Morgan Griffith, Rick Boucher, Robert Hurt, Scott Rigell, Tom Perriello
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Former gubernatorial candidate and Alexandria delegate Brian Moran has been calling members of the Democratic State Central Committee to drum up support for his bid to be the next party chairman, but it may not be a sure thing. Last week, Del. Joe Morrissey sent a letter to fellow Democratic legislators criticizing a selection process that he says allowed Sen. Mark Warner and former Gov. Tim Kaine to handpick Moran for the job. Now, there are rumblings that some activists would rather have U.S. Rep. Tom Perriello fill the chairman's post if he loses his tough re-election bid next week against state Sen. Robert Hurt. There's also a possibility that state Sen. Don McEachin maybe interested. He said as much in a statement after Richard Cranwell announced he was stepping down after leading the party for five years. Morrissey also said he has heard from two others who are interested...


text:
In Michigan, an unidentified author posted a message online about ISIS holding its training in therein and other U.S. states created panic over the citizens. Department of Homeland Security, FBI in Detroit and the State Police acknowledged the situation and said that they are aware of it and now closely investigating who is behind the post.
The Detroit authorities closely observe the threat posted on justpate.it signed by a certain Abu Ibrahim Al Ameriki. Former Detroit FBI chief Andy Arena told the press that this act is another attempt to scare the Americans.
There is a significant number of Middle Eastern migrants residing in Detroit.
Source: M Live


text:
I agree especially as stated - "governments the world over that they are committed to do whatever they can to help small businesses, their workers and the unemployed, to get through the economic crisis caused by COVID-19". Unfortunately, the Labor Party/Union Party is only interested in supporting 'Union Members' . Example: Dan Andrews premier of Victoria says that it is OK for Council Workers to continue gardening and lawn mowing BUT IT IS UNLAWFUL for self employed gardening and lawn mowing small businesses to continue their small businesses and must stay home. The small business community will be decimated together with their employees. Everyone should be treated equally. Rick Huxtable.
Buffett sold airlines and banks. He bought into technology & gold. The economy had reached the end of its expansion before covid hit & people were expecting a recession. Not sure that we are actually in that part of the cycle.
China's casino cannot be trusted, nor can it's government influence on company affairs.
A great, thoughtful appraisal

domain: economics


The National Capital Planning Commission (NCPC) has green-lighted final site and building development plans for Planet Word, D.C.’s inaugural language-arts museum that is poised to debut at the historic Franklin School building downtown in spring 2020. Those plans include exterior signs, lighting, and an entry gate on K Street NW that would lead to a welcome plaza.
In the preliminary plans for the museum that the NCPC approved in March, the entry gate “was intended to resemble a book opening and closing,” according to a staff report for the commission’s July 11 meeting, but the commissioners said such a design seemed “heav[y]” and could pose security risks. The development team, led by philanthropist Ann Friedman and featuring architecture firm Beyer Blinder Belle, revised the gate design to “relate to the vocabulary of the Speaking Willow sculpture”—a talking tree—“located in the new terrace.”
“The Speaking Willow is visible and framed ... while the gate is open,” the report explains. “When the gate is closed, passers-by can see still the Speaking Willow and the rest of the courtyard, avoiding the feeling of a gated community.” The entry gate is made up of three three sliding panels that retract behind a fourth and it is separate from the historic building.
Standing at 925 13th Street NW close to Franklin Square, the Franklin School was originally designed by architect Adolf Cluss in 1869. It has been vacant since 2008 and used to serve as a homeless shelter. The 51,000-square-foot building is also a national landmark and, in 2017, was set aside for redevelopment into Planet Word by Mayor Muriel Bowser’s administration.
But last year, the development team admitted to removing “significant amounts” of legally protected historic interiors, or “fabric,” from the building—including original plaster wall, brick walls, wainscoting, baseboards, pressed-tin ceilings, and floors—during construction work. The team struck a deal with federal and local officials to retain the remaining historic fabric and replace certain components of what had been lost. Work began again in January.
Planet Word will host interactive exhibits and events. Parts of the design plans follow below.


text:
Double the dancing! Watch Kate McKinnon visit 'Ellen'… as Ellen
But Kate McKinnon’s is better. | Kristen Stewart Dropped The F-Bomb On "SNL" And Kate McKinnon's Reaction Is The Best Part
Kate McKinnon impersonations on SNL
This example of why her friendship with Leslie Jones is one for the ages. | 19 Moments That Will Reinforce Your Crush On Kate McKinnon
Kate McKinnon Impersonates Ellen ... on Ellen!
Kate McKinnon multitasked on "Ellen" with an impersonation of Hillary Clinton and an impersonation of Ellen DeGeneres — right to their faces.
The Ellen Show,Kate Mckinnon,Impression,Ellen Degeneres,The O'jays
Kate McKinnon Takes Over for Ellen
32 Reasons "SNL's" Kate McKinnon Should Run For President In 2016

domain: celebrity


text:
Homosexuals Demand Gay Sex Education For Children
Posted in the Calhoun Forum
#1 Sep 26, 2011
I have stated that I firmly believe homosexuality and pedophilia go hand and hand. They are not going to admit it because they will wind up in jail. Make no mistake these people are making their moves on our children.
Homosexuals have FORCED the military to allow their so called "lifestyle" Don't ask don't tell wasn't good enough.
They are trying to FORCE us to accept Gay marriage even though the majority of people have said no.
Now they are trying FORCE us to allow "Gay education" to be taught to our children.
I do not but to rude but teach what? For a man to stick his penis in another mans butt? That's it!
Just look at any conversion with homosexuals, this is just a technique they apply to try and shut you up. They will try and call you names, or state false statistics, counter accuse, pile on in numbers, lie and if you are confronting them in person they will try and shout you down and if you are elderly like the 88 yr. old woman from California they will try and physically knock you down.
They will try and justify deviate behavior with deviate behavior.
We have made a mistake with our attitude of acceptance,
now they are making their moves on our children. "Gay Education" is an attempt to indoctrinate our children into homosexual lifestyle.
It is time to tell these people to keep their sex lives to their selves like any dignified person would.
#2 Sep 26, 2011
Gay press promotes sex with children
Baldwin says his research not only "confirms that homosexuals molest children at a rate vastly higher than heterosexuals," but it found that "the mainstream homosexual culture" even "commonly promotes sex with children."
"The editorial board of the leading pedophile academic journal, Paidika, is dominated by prominent homosexual scholars such as San Francisco State University professor John DeCecco, who happens to edit the Journal of Homosexuality," Baldwin wrote.
During his research, he also found:
The Journal of Homosexuality recently published a special double-issue entitled, "Male Intergenerational Intimacy," containing many articles portraying sex between men and minor boys as loving relationships. One article said parents should look upon the pedophile who loves their son "not as a rival or competitor, not as a theft of their property, but as a partner in the boy's upbringing, someone to be welcomed into their home."
In the homosexual magazine "Guide" said, "We can be proud that the gay movement has been home to the few voices who have had the courage to say out loud that children are naturally sexual" and "deserve the right to sexual expression with whoever they choose. " The article went onto say: "Instead of fearing being labeled pedophiles, we must proudly proclaim that sex is good, including children's sexuality we must do it for the children's sake."
Larry Kramer, the founder of ACT-UP, a noted homosexual activist group, wrote in his book,
In a study of advertisements in the influential homosexual newspaper, The Advocate, Reisman found ads for a "Penetrable Boy Doll available in three provocative positions. She also found that the number of erotic boy images in each issue of The Advocate averaged 14.
Homosexual newspapers and travel publications advertise prominently for countries where boy prostitution is heavy, such as Burma, the Philippines, Sri Lanka and Thailand.
"Research on the homosexual lifestyle confirms it is almost exclusively a youth-oriented culture," Baldwin wrote. "Very few gays exhibit preference for older men."
"Some admit to focus on teenage boys," he said, "some on prepubescent boys, and many cross over between categories."
One study detailed in Baldwin's report found that most pedophiles even consider themselves to be "gay." According to the study, "Archives of Sexual Behavior," some 86 percent of pedophiles described themselves as homosexual or bisexual. Also, the study found, the number of teenage male prostitutes who identify as homosexuals has risen from 10 percent to 60 percent in the past 15 years.
When asked what he thought about critics who attempt to debunk his research, Baldwin said the results speak for themselves.
"For them to say this theory is false is to call many of the homosexual movement's leaders liars," he said. "Most of my evidence comes right from the gay community."
"I managed to find enough evidence that my thesis child molestation is an integral part of the homosexual movement is a valid thesis,"
Other experts have also found a distinct pattern between child sex abusers and the incidence of homosexuality.
#3 Sep 26, 2011
Homosexual Males are Sexually Attracted to Underage Boys
· A study in Archives of Sexual Behavior found that homosexual men are attracted to young males. The study compared the sexual age preferences of heterosexual men, heterosexual women, homosexual men, and lesbians. The results showed that, in marked contrast to the other three categories, "all but 9 of the 48 homosexual men preferred the youngest two male age categories," which included males as young as age fifteen.
· In The Gay Report, by homosexual researchers Karla Jay and Allen Young, the authors report data showing that 73 percent of homosexuals surveyed had at some time had sex with boys sixteen to nineteen years of age or younger."
Conversely, Homosexual Pedophiles are Often Attracted to Adult Males
· A study of sex offenders against male children in Behavior Research and Therapy found that male homosexual pedophiles are sexually attracted to "males of all ages." Compared to non-offenders, the offenders showed "greater arousal" to slides of nude males as old as twenty-four: "As a group, the child molesters responsed [sp] with moderate sexual arousal ... to the nude males of all ages."
· A study of Canadians imprisoned for pedophilia in the Journal of Interpersonal Violence noted that some of the adult male offenders engaged in homosexual acts with adult males.
· Many pedophiles, in fact, consider themselves to be homosexual. A study of 229 convicted child molesters in Archives of Sexual Behavior found that "eighty-six percent of offenders against males described themselves as homosexual or bisexual."
· Fr. John Harvey, founder and director of Courage, a support ministry for Catholics who struggle with same-sex attraction, explains that "the pedophile differs from the ordinary homosexual in that the former admires boyishness in the object of his affections, while the latter admires manliness." However, the categories are not completely separate:
While granting that the majority of homosexuals are not aroused by young boys, the distinction between homosexuality and homosexual pedophilia is not quite absolute. In some cases the interest oscillates between young adolescents and adults, in others between boys and adolescents; in exceptional cases a man may be interested in boys at one time and adults at another.
Many Pedophiles are Attracted to Women, Marry, and Have Children
Gay activists insist that pedophilia has nothing to do with homosexuality because pedophiles are only sexually interested in children, whereas homosexuals only have sexual relations with adults. We have already seen that this stereotypical view is not correct with regard to homosexuals. There is also abundant evidence demonstrating that, while primarily interested in children, pedophiles nevertheless exhibit a wide variety of sexual behaviors, including relationships with women:
· A study in Child Abuse and Neglect found that 48 percent of the offenders either were married or had been married at some time.
· The Journal of Interpersonal Violence studied the sexual preferences of male pedophiles who sexually abused children. When they compared the sexual response of the pedophiles with the control group, they found, unexpectedly: "Surprisingly, the two groups did not differ in their response to the nude female stimuli."
· A report by the Department of Justice addressed the devious stratagems of pedophiles, who will go to great lengths to conceal their true desires: "Preferential sex offenders may be 'pillars of the community' and are often described as 'nice guys.' They almost always have a means of access to children (for example, through marriage, neighborhood, or occupation.)"
Thus, the evidence shows that homosexual pedophiles cannot be narrowly defined as individuals who are solely attracted to underage boys. In fact there is considerable overlap between homosexuality and pedophilia.
#4 Sep 26, 2011
if God had meant for 2 guys to have sex he wouldnt have made you smell shit and get it all over you while your trying to get some.
#6 Sep 26, 2011
I am way ahead of you, I posted you response hours ago.
Just look at any conversion with homosexuals, this is just a technique they apply to try and shut you up.
They will try and call you names, or state false statistics, counter accuse, pile on in numbers,
lie and if you are confronting them in person they will try and shout you down and if you are elderly like the 88 yr. old woman from California they will try and physically knock you down.
They will try and justify deviate behavior with deviate behavior.
If you people think those tired techniques are still going to work you are dead wrong.
#7 Sep 26, 2011
AIDS Rate 50 Times Higher in Homosexual Men: Center for Disease Control
By Patrick B. Craine
Official with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) announced the CDC's estimate Monday that in the United States AIDS is fifty times more prevalent among men who have sex with men ('MSM') than the rest of the population. Dr. Amy Lansky revealed this statistic during a plenary session at the 2009 HIV Prevention Conference in Atlanta.
The CDC had already revealed last year that approximately 53% of the estimated 56,300 new HIV cases in 2006 were in homosexual men, with the African American population being particularly affected.
The new statistics, however, estimate the prevalence of HIV/AIDS relative to the homosexual population, which allows comparisons to other groups in the wider population. Because of the difficulty of determining the homosexual population, the CDC had to estimate. Based on a variety of national surveys, they based their statistics on the median estimate that homosexual men constitute 4 percent of the overall male population, reports RH Reality Check.
According to Dr. Lansky, then, based on the 4 percent figure, the CDC estimates that in 2007 there were 692.2 new HIV cases per 100,000 homosexual men - or fifty times more cases than the rest of the population.
While merely an approximation, the CDC's announcement confirms previous statistics and studies that indicate vastly disproportionate occurrence of sex-related diseases in homosexuals. According toa February 2007 study, for example, homosexual men with HIV are 90 times more likely to develop anal cancer than the rest of the population.
Earlier this year, as another example, the Centers for Disease Control released a statistical report indicating that homosexual men made up 65 percent of the reported primary and secondary syphilis cases in 2007. A report from the Public Health Agency of Canada in 2006 revealed that 51 percent of people infected with HIV in the country were homosexual men.
In fact, the statistics on HIV/AIDS led one group, the Los Angeles Gay and Lesbian Center, to state in 2006 that HIV/AIDS is a "gay disease," in a billboard ad campaign geared to reducing rates of HIV infection.
While homosexualists have actively suppressed such statistics in the past and focused on portraying HIV/AIDS as a disease affecting the whole population in an equal fashion, the statistics' increasing undeniability has forced their hand. Rather than admit any inherent problem with homosexual practice itself, however, the apparent prevalence of disease among practicing homosexuals has led them to switch tactics and use these statistics to urge governments and other organizations to increase support to the homosexual communities.
Asking why it has taken so long for the CDC to make its estimate about the high prevalence of AIDS among homosexual men, homosexual activist Dr. Senterfitt chalked it up to 'homophobia'. "Seems clear to me," he says, "that this was at least an indirect effect of the pervasive homophobia still affecting much of government, public policy, media and societal norms in this country."
"We must fight for funding and adequate social investment to end HIV/AIDS wherever it continues to persist and thrive," he argues, "which is almost always where concentrated social injustice also thrives."
Pro-family advocates, on the other hand, maintain that the prevalence of sex-related diseases among homosexuals is clear evidence of the disorder of homosexual practice. For example, in a commentary for LifeSiteNews.com published last year, J. Matt Barber stated, "By recently admitting that 'HIV is a gay disease,' Matt Foreman, outgoing Executive Director of the National Gay and Lesbian Task Force, acknowledged what the medical community has known for decades: the homosexual lifestyle is extremely high-risk and often leads to disease and even death."
#8 Sep 26, 2011
hope you catch aids and die
#10 Sep 27, 2011
Homosexuals Molest Children At A Far Higher Rate Than Heterosexuals
Homosexuals account for only 1-2% of our population based on current surveys. The National Opinion Research Center found that 2.8% of men and 1.4% of women identified themselves as homosexual or bisexual. A survey of 18-49-year-old men published by the Journal of Sex Research indicated that 2.6% of them had engaged in homosexual sex within the prior 12 months; 4% had had homosexual sex within the past five years. In other words, at least 98-99% of our population is heterosexual in orientation.
Homosexual activists routinely claim that most child molesters are heterosexual males, thus shifting the focus away from their own very high rates of molestation. Since 98-99% of the population is heterosexual, it is technically correct to say that most molestations are done by heterosexuals. However, statistics indicate that homosexuals pose a far more serious threat to children than do heterosexuals.
For example: Dr. Stephen Rubin of Whitman College conducted a ten-state study of sex abuse cases involving school teachers. He studied 199 cases. Of those, 122 male teachers had molested girls, while 14 female teachers had molested boys. He also discovered that 59 homosexual male teachers had molested boys and four female homosexual teachers had molested girls. In other words, 32 percent of those child molestation cases involved homosexuals. Nearly a third of these cases come from only 1-2% of the population.
The Los Angele's Times conducted a survey of 2,628 adults across the U.S. Of those, 27% of the women and 16% of the men had been sexually molested. Seven percent of the girls and 93% of the men had been molested by adults of the same sex. This means that 40% of child molestations were by homosexuals.(Los Angele's Times
Homosexuals seldom openly admit that they want to sexually assault children, but their literature and their actions tell another story. In the January 1-8, 2001 issue of The Weekly Standard, author Mary Eberstadt exposed the clear link between homosexual activism and the growing North-American Man- Boy Love Association (NAMBLA) movement. Writing in Pedophilia Chic Reconsidered: The taboo against sex with children continues to erode, Eberstadt notes:
The reason why the public is being urged to reconsider boy pedophilia is that this question, settled though it may be in the opinions and laws of the rest of the country, is demonstrably not yet settled within certain parts of the gay rights movement. The more that movement has entered the mainstream, the more this question has bubbled forth from that previously distant realm in the public square.
The homosexual magazine Guide published a pro-pedophile editorial in its July, issue. In referring to pedophiles as prophets of sexual freedom, the Guide editorialist wrote:We must listen to our prophets. Instead of fearing being labeled pedophiles, we must proudly proclaim that sex is good, including childrens sexuality.... Surrounded by pious moralists with deadening anti-sexual rules, we must be shameless rule breakers, demonstrating our allegiance to a higher concept of love. We must do it for the childrens sake.
Parents are correct to be concerned about homosexuals sexually assaulting their children. The Boy Scouts of America, for example, is right to prohibit homosexuals from membership or leadership positions. It is evident from the statistical evidence and news reports of child molestation cases, that homosexuals pose a clear and present danger to children. Our laws and social policies should protect children, not cater to the whims and sexual desires of sexual predators. We must oppose homosexual activism for the childrens sake.
#11 Sep 27, 2011
I'd love to lock Lonnie and LIGHTEREDNUTS up in a dark room for a few days.
Since: Jan 10
#12 Sep 27, 2011
I told you icouldusesomehel p was a gay blade.
#13 Sep 27, 2011
BTW, "Gay blade"? My ancient, dead uncle Ray used to use that expression. I guess you are from 1882.
#14 Sep 27, 2011
I am not going to be your bitch i could use help.your gay side is showing, maybe you need to go look at some porn before you have to change your pantsa
#15 Sep 27, 2011
Daily activities in the homosexuals lair.
This is where they live and plan their next move.
#17 Sep 28, 2011
Why do you make it so easy to make a fool out of you?
#20 Sep 29, 2011
Obama School Appointee Admired Ardent Promoter of Child Molestation
WASHINGTON, DC, October 9, 2011 - Kevin Jennings, the Obama administration's "safe schools czar," is a professed admirer of Harry Hay, radical homosexual rights activist and ardent promoter of pedophilia.
In remarks given at the Grace Church School in New York City, Kevin Jennings said that one "of the people that's always inspired me is Harry Hay, who started the first ongoing gay rights groups in America."
He continued: "Everybody thought Harry Hay was crazy in 1948, and they knew something about him which he apparently did not-they were right, he was crazy. You are all crazy. We are all crazy. All of us who are thinking this way are crazy, because you know what? Sane people keep the world the same [sh*tty] old way it is now."
The reasons people thought Harry Hay to be crazy may be gleaned from some of Harry Hay's remarks at events associated with or run by NAMBLA, the North American Man/Boy Love Association. The professed end of NAMBLA is, according to their website, "to end the extreme oppression of men and boys in mutually consensual relationships." They oppose age-of-consent laws so that pedophilia would become accepted and legal.
In his remarks at New York University, Harry Hay accounts his statutory rape, at fourteen years of age, by a homosexual man twenty-five years old. He thanks this man for the experience, saying that the boy he was at fourteen "needed to know best of all what only another gay man could show him and tell him."
Furthermore, this is apparently an experience he recommends for many children, as his remarks make very clear: "Because if the parents and friends of gays are truly friends of gays, they would know from their gay kids that the relationship with an older man is precisely what thirteen-, fourteen-, and fifteen-year-old kids need more than anything else in the world. And they would be welcoming this, and welcoming the opportunity for young gay kids to have the kind of experience that they would need."
Harry Hay made similar comments in San Francisco during a public forum on the topic "Man/Boy Love and Sexual Liberation." Among his comments is this remark: "I think that the twelve-year-old, thirteen-year-old boy approaching puberty knows very well that there are things about himself that he needs to find out, that he needs to discover, and he wants very much to reach out and find someone who will give this to him."
Nor did Kevin Jenning's hero think that the accusation of child molestation often hurled at NAMBLA carried much weight. As he remarked on June 24, 1994, in the former Stonewall Inn on Sheridan Square in New York, insofar "as child molestation is concerned, the most common form is the sexual coercion by which gay and lesbian children are bedeviled into hetero identities and behaviors. And this is practiced daily by the whole national and international hetero community - parents, family, teachers, preachers, doctors, lawyers, and Indian chiefs, not to overlook U.S. senators and pooh-bah media."
#21 Sep 29, 2011
Harry Hay was a radical among "gay rights" activists, opposing those homosexuals who acted like heterosexuals as "assimilationists" who did not fully live out what it is to be homosexual. "We pulled ugly green frog skin of heterosexual conformity over us, and that's how we got through school with a full set of teeth," Hay once explained. "We know how to live through their eyes. We can always play their games, but are we denying ourselves by doing this. If you're going to carry the skin of conformity over you, you are going to suppress the beautiful prince or princess within you."
In his remarks at Grace School Church, Kevin Jennings closed his speech by invoking the memory of Harry Hay. He asked his audience to "think how much can change in one lifetime if in Harry Hay's one very short life, he saw change from not even one person willing to join him to a million people willing to travel to Washington to join him. You can see the same change happen in your lifetime if you believe you can."
When the White House press secretary was asked if Obama was unconcerned about Jennings' praise for Harry Hay, he said that he had nothing to say at the moment.
Kevin Jennings, an openly homosexual, past high-school teacher, has been at the center of other controversies. He was the founder of the Gay, Lesbian, Straight Education Network (GLSEN). GLSEN, according to their website, "envisions a world in which every child learns to respect and accept all people, regardless of sexual orientation or gender identity/expression." In the notorious "Fistgate" scandal, GLSEN held an event in which young teens were told how to perform dangerous homosexual activities. Many have accused GLSEN of attempting to saturate schools with homosexual propaganda.
See related LSN reports:
Obama's "Safe Schools" Czar Dreamed of "Promoting Homosexuality" to Schoolchildren
Foul-Mouthed Homosexual Activist and Anti-Christian Bigot Appointed to Obama Administration
Obama's Homosexual "Safe School Czar" Tells God "Screw You, Buddy" in Memoir
Sex, Lies & Power Exposed: Obama "Safe Schools Czar" Admits to Ignoring Continued Homosexual Statutory Rape of Student
#22 Sep 29, 2011
You know what, littlenuts?
Look at post #11. People don't like you.
Since: Nov 10
#23 Sep 29, 2011
I agree,as queer as he can get,i heard he was prez of the gay pride commision also knwn as the rainbow coalition!
Since: Nov 10
#24 Sep 29, 2011
Look at this post,people dont like you either!
#25 Sep 29, 2011
You don't count.
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