text:
This document was originally posted on December 3, 2005 as a "development journal". The current version of ovPlanet is substantially different from the description below and this information is only provided for educational en general interest purposes.
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Although our first terrain engine was very good at what it did, it was also designed with a specific game-concept in mind. In that game concept the terrain covered by the game was limited. So a limited-area terrain-engine would be all we need. Great care was taken to add features we really needed and which we found in no other engine at that time (which was around 1999): multiple terrain layers (for underground areas), smooth LOD vertex fading, texture blending, static and dynamic LOD. This engine was ready in 2000 and was heavily optimized which made it really fast as well.
Unfortunately, the game it was designed for never materialized and we ended up using the engine for various ad-hoc projects such as technology demo's. Then we figured out 2 major problems with the engine: first, it was so heavily optimized that is was extremely change-resistant; second, it was grid-based.
When we tried to modify the existing engine we quickly ran into problems. For purists like us, that meant just one thing...
The birth of ovPlanet
In the fall of 2004 we were discussing terrain engines and what it would take to develop the "ultimate" terrain engine. The requirements we summed up pretty quickly:
- All "real" terrain we know of exists on planetary bodies. So it should be sphere-based.
- The LOD system must work at run-time without precalculations. This will allow run-time modifications to the terrain.
- A tesselation system should be used that does not have polar artifacts like the commonplace longitude/lattitude approach.
- The LOD system must be able to work with a set of criteria. These criteria were:
- a fixed amount of available time (stop generating data when the time limit expires)
- a maximum amount of generated triangles (stop generating data when the data set reaches a certain size)
- a minimum desired visual quality (stop generating data when new detail has a smaller impact than the desired visual quality).
After a few design sessions and some research, we actually started working on ovPlanet in the Fall of 2004. The project has been dormant from January until August 2005, at which point we finally continued with it. Currently, our triangulator has reached a mature state and work has begun on our height-data management code.
Basic Sphere #1:
This picture shows our planet in its most basic form: the icosahedron. We opted for this solid as our most basic form because of the following reasons:
- It is composed of equilateral triangles (i.e. each triangle is identical)
- Although is has more "irregular" vertices than a cube (12 instead of 8), these vertices join 5 faces instead of 3 which the cubed approach has, so they integrate into the entire surface better.
1. Icosahedron (aka 20-faced regular solid)
The process of adding detail must be as atomic as possible, so the algorithm can quit the sub-division process at any time. Luckily, this process is very simple. We just spit one triangle into 4 identical smaller ones.
First sub-division step
Even more detail:
If we continue this process until we reach a (potentially) visible set of 5000 triangles, we get a very good approximation of a sphere. Note that the detail exists mostly at the edges of the sphere. This is because the sub-division algorithm always tries to pick a splitting triangle whose split will have the highest visual impact in screen space. This way, there are no triangles "expended" in areas with low visual impact. Since this algorithm works in screen space, detail is added where it is most important, regardless of the distance to the viewer.
In the case of self-shadowing terrain that is lit by a "solar" body, this technique could result in lousy shadows if applied without taking the light-source into account. The solution to that is to simply determine the visual impact from the light-source's point of view as well and use both impact values to determine the importance of a splitting candidate triangle.
2. 5000-triangle sphere
Culling Part 1 - The Horizon:
Everybody who has played any recent FPS games knows of the "ever-existing fog" or "circular mountain range" that is used to keep the viewing distance to an acceptable level. Since most grid-based terrain engines have pre-set limits on their LOD levels they get into trouble with viewing distances that get too large.
They also have the problem of keeping their dataset in memory entirely. Most flight simulators have already solved this problem but if you ever tried taxying your Learjet onto the freeway and into a nearby city, you were greeted with ugly ground-level graphics. In general: ground-based games do not scale up well to huge areas or viewing distances, while aerial games do not scale down well to ground level.
We believe our design does away with these limitations and allows a truly "fluent" transition from space all the way down to any desired detail level. Without limitations to view distances or size of data-sets (except those imposed by hardware constraints, of course).
Back to our horizon now. The first culling step is to determine where to take a "slice" out of the sphere so that any geographic feature behind the horizon and big enough to be seen is still within the potential data set. The determination of this "horizon culling plane" is not as hard as it seems, since the problem degenerates to a simple 2-dimensional algorithm.
The following picture shows the same sphere as above, now viewed from the side, with the horizon culling plane rendered in transparent green.
3. Horizon culling in action
Culling Part 2 - The View Frustum:
Besides culling against the horizon, culling is performed against the viewing frustum as well. With the exception that the far plane is never included in these checks. This is because we want an unlimited viewing distance in our engine. The following pictures show various screenshots and their effect on the dataset actually generated.
4. Looking directly at the surface at a lower altitude
5. Similar as 4, now viewed from inside the planet
6. Looking towards the horizon at low altitude
7. Same as 6, now viewed from 'above'
8. Same as 6, now viewed from the side
9. Same as 6, now viewed from the side with culling plane
Culling Part 3 - The future: Occlusion Culling
As shown in picture 6, quite a large amount of data in a "flat" sphere goes to triangles that actually cannot be seen because they are occluded by the planet itself. The horizon culling algorithm does not take occlusion into account yet, but that's a future expansion we might add.
Data and Caching
The Planet engine is currently split into two parts: the first part, which you can see in action in these screenshots is the "triangulator". It generates data based on the criteria mentioned earlier. This data is organized in a hierarchic structure for which we implemented a caching scheme.
When the camera does not move very long distances per frame, the caching scheme can re-use most of its data. Tests have shown that caching improves the triangle yield by as almost 100%, meaning the system can generate twice the amount of triangle data with caching than without it in the same fixed amount of time.
Height-data comes from a "topography" object which we are currently building together with its editor. Topography will be responsible for looking up the correct height value when planet requests it. Details will follow when available.
Some "Real-World" Figures
To see if this engine and system could really handle a planet, and what it would take in terms of sub-division passes, we made a few calculations based on our own planet Earth. The results might interest you:
- The Earth's mean radius is a little under 6400 km
- The Earth's surface area is a little over 510 trillion square meters.
- Since vertices "look up" elevation data in our model, we are mostly interested in the "area per vertex".
- The "area per vertex" drops to 0.725 square meters after 23 sub-division steps from the "root" icosahedron.
- If you want to get down to the square millimeter you need perform 34 sub-division steps...
- Without taking elevation into account, a triangle budget of 15000 triangles and a subdivison cap at 23 levels would deliver 1 meter resolution terrain up to 40 meters from the viewer (if the viewer were looking at the horizon).
Data, data and even more data
The bottom line of this engine is: if you have the (elevation) data available, it can incorporate it in the system. We are currently working on our elevation data management code, which will load in terrain data on demand and discard them again when not in use. This is necessary because of the sheer size of real-life planetary elevation data.
This elevation data is stored in a hierarchic structure just like the generated vertex data. Where necessary, small terrain generation code can be inserted to generate "fidelity" for regions which don't have high-resolution elevation data available. But these are all future todo-items at the moment. Our first goal now is to get the elevation system up and running, together with its companion editor.
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domain: design


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The Safety & Movement Monitoring System (SAMM System) is an MRI camera system which allows a technologist to easily monitor the MRI patient while inside the magnet. Our patient observation system utilizes one or more HD video cameras, which can be mounted on any wall in the magnet room. The entire patient observation system is RF shielded and filtered to remove any unwanted image artifacts. The live feed from the MRI video camera system is then sent to a high-resolution LCD monitor inside the operator room, delivering excellent video every time.
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text:
Perceived discomfort levels in healthy children participating in vaccine research
Journal of Empirical Research on Human Research Ethics , Volume 8 - Issue 3 p. 66- 72
When assessing the risks of a research protocol, review boards need to consider not only the possible harms but also the expected discomfort levels caused by the various study procedures. However, data on how children experience various study procedures are scarce. This study assessed perceived discomfort levels in 671 healthy children aged 0-2 years undergoing vaccinations, venipunctures, and nasopharyngeal swab taking. In half of the study participants, venipunctures caused a moderate or high level of discomfort (49%). Corresponding figures for nasopharyngeal swabbing and vaccinations were 28% and 12%, respectively. Within the reported age group, increasing age was related with higher discomfort levels. In a majority of cases for all study procedures, the perceived levels of discomfort met the parents' expectations.
|, , , , ,|
|Journal of Empirical Research on Human Research Ethics|
|Organisation||Department of Medical Ethics and Philosophy of Medicine|
Westra, A.E, van Gils, E.J.M, Aarts, F, Rodenburg, G.D, Veenhoven, R.H, Hak, E, … Sanders, E.A. (2013). Perceived discomfort levels in healthy children participating in vaccine research. Journal of Empirical Research on Human Research Ethics, 8(3), 66–72. doi:10.1525/jer.2013.8.3.66

domain: medical


text:
Following its successful dynamic test drive, the Polestar 1 heads to Auto China 2018
The Polestar 1 is heading to Beijing for Auto China 2018 from 25th April to 4th May, following its first successful winter test drive in northern Sweden. After making its global media debut in Shanghai last October, this is the first opportunity for the Chinese public to see the Electric Performance Hybrid. Its appearance in Beijing is boosted by overwhelmingly positive feedback from test drivers and engineers, who recently spent two weeks north of the Article Circle for a rigorous shakedown with the first running Polestar 1 prototype – in temperatures as low as -28 degrees Celsius.
The intense winter test drive is designed to examine and fine-tune traditional automotive aspects like suspension and driving dynamics, but in the case of the Electric Performance Hybrid, the drivetrain and batteries were also under scrutiny — in one of the coldest places on the planet. “Our test drivers have given us some enthusiastic feedback on the handling and dynamics especially,” says Thomas Ingenlath, Chief Executive Officer at Polestar.
Test drivers focused specifically on Polestar 1’s torque vectoring system, enabled by two rear electric motors with individual planetary gear sets. Chassis balance was further optimised thanks to the advantages of testing on ice, allowing the test drivers to better analyse and react to the car’s behaviour while driving. “Now we look forward to introducing the car to the Chinese public for the first time, a key market for Polestar,” concludes Thomas Ingenlath.

domain: news


text: They are rough pictures of a very local area, normally about the size of the Lumbridge Castle. Good starting points for the search are the Sunday Brothers’ Cabin, Camp Venture or Big B’s Rest Stop. Level 1. Sanjay and Sarah follow the map to try to find the treasure. Romulus and I are still learning this zone and will update you on that as well as we go along. I would save them all and not spend them. Teenage twins Rachel and Theo travel to Auckland to stay with relatives after their mother suddenly dies. One of the trickiest treasures to locate can be discovered using … To find them, start digging up rocks. Documentos. If the map leads to an X, the player needs to take a spade to the place indicated on the map with the X and dig there. A Treasure Map is an item found in both Red Dead Redemption, the Undead Nightmare DLC, Red Dead Redemption II and Red Dead Online. A map that records the location of treasure. A reluctant family accompanies their businessman father to a small town. When you complete it, you’ll get the Parametric Transformer, a new gadget that allows you to transmute materials into one another. The two boys remain at odds, until a treasure map captivates them both and a thief's scheme forces them to team up. His mission is to repossess a hardware store that is run using "unusual financial practices". Watch and find out! MasterPharaohMystic replied on 17 March, 2021 - 05:21 Taiwan Permalink. Treasure Map II – 47×44 – On the shore of a lake next to a white-bark tree and wooden carts. If lost it can be reclaimed from Diango in Draynor. This includes: Steam Valley, Fluoro Forest, and Eternity Beach. Story developed by Cambridge English Online. Today's read aloud is "Pete the Cat and the Treasure Map" written by James Dean. We shook hands and armed with his little map drawing, I made my way back to town. And while I got the vibe that the story was directed more to the Young Adult genre, I found myself completely immersed in Jack and Niko’s story. The Treasure Island quotes below all refer to the symbol of The Map of Treasure. The item sprite is a square whereas the placed sprite is a rectangle. NW of Relay Tower HG-B7-09, mound under the monkey bars. © British Council Once you dig up a treasure the map is consumed; until then they are freely tradeable. Eight years later, his natural father finally finds out about the boy's existence. Once you’ve arrived, head to the second floor, and then circle around to the upper right corner. The treasure map gives a very good and clear hint: you have to go to a railroad – and there are not many in the area. The following TREASURE: TREASURE MAP Episode 2021 Episode 42 English sub has been released. Treasure Map 7. The Treasure Map is designed to help coordinate electromagnetic followup of gravitational-wave (GW) events. The Treasure Map program was described by Snowden as "a 300,000 foot view of the internet," as it allows agencies to collect Wi-Fi network and geolocation data from around the world, along with 30 million to 50 million unique internet provider addresses. By: Matt Ryan . Once you’ve arrived, head to the second floor, and then circle around to the upper right corner. Buried treasure can be located using. It could not be obtained by players with an ironman account until 2018. I wished there was money, gold and jewels in the treasure chest. Imagine you find a treasure chest. Map [6:08] Dig Spot [7:10] The treasure map is located in Fafnir's Storeroom. I'm here to lend a hand on the Treasure hunting in the new zone The River District. Also note that you generally have the same chances to gain Legendary ranked items from each treasure map type. A treasure ! If they're lucky, someone will conveniently drop dead at their feet with the map on them; if they're less lucky it will have been hidden in some old heirloom. Obtaining Fallout 76 Treasure Maps From time to time while looting containers and enemy corpses, you will find Fallout 76 Treasure maps. Head to the Ruins of the Ancient in the Lake of Nine.The Historian Treasure map is on the beach. The sun was shining and the sky was filled with white clouds. Using a Buried Minecraft Treasure Map. This ESO The Rift Treasure Map Guide has maps for all of the treasure locations in this region.. You can click the map to open it to full size. 1 Effect 2 Synergies 3 Notes 4 In-game Footage 5 Trivia 6 Seeds Causes all rooms, excluding the Secret Room and Super Secret Room, to appear on the minimap. 37,286 treasure map stock photos, vectors, and illustrations are available royalty-free. There are 6 standard maps in every major zone (18 in Cyrodiil ), and 4 more per Alliance in the starter zones. It allows observers to easily report their planned and executed observations in search of counterparts to GW events, and to query the reports of other observers, in a programatic way. Where to Find Treasure Map in Nier Replicant To start, you’ll have to head to the Library. Alik'r Treasure Map I (map) Alik'r Treasure Map II (map) Alik'r … Anchor Farm NW of Vault 76, mound by crashed airplane tail. It costs 130 gems, making it the most expensive map in the game. Forest Treasure Map #2. Blue Map: Reveals both rooms and secret rooms. (Video 1999). These maps have a simple sketch on them that will lead you to a small cache of items with X marks the spot. To find the buried treasure you will need to look for the map chest in the shipwreck. It is referred to as a painting when examined via the minimap. Treasure map is an item found in the message in a bottle in the Spirit Realm of Aminishi.The bottle is located on the beach below where the Aminishi moai rested and is revealed after talking to all four of the player's crew on each of the three main islands Waiko, Whale's Maw, and Aminishi.The full conditions to see the message in a bottle at this location are currently unknown. Once you have a treasure map, you can choose to search for treasure when you interact with a rock. Game. The Light Armor Skill Book Rislav the Righteous is inside the shack under two other books to the left of the bookshelf. Treasure Map Treasure Map is one of the Items in For The King. The United Kingdom's international organisation for cultural relations and educational opportunities. ship / bottle / coconut b. I don't want anyone know about it. This story is about a treasure map that a young boy buys at a junk shop. This FAQ is empty. Tell us what's inside it! And we're going to hand this out at the end of the program. The links below will open a page that displays all known info about that map. Regardless of the term's literary use, anything that meets the broad definition of a "map" that describes the location of a "treasure" could appropriately be called a "treasure map." EatingSpaceMobile replied on 27 November, 2018 - 14:31 Norway Permalink, MissClickFinger replied on 12 January, 2018 - 15:22 Austria Permalink, OpalScientistLight replied on 6 November, 2017 - 18:59 Turkey Permalink, KingSnowPlanet replied on 19 December, 2014 - 09:15 Permalink, FlashcardsPrepositions of place flashcards. The Treasure Map is a decorative wall hanging randomly obtained as a reward for Angler fishing quests (1% chance). See the fabulous presenters and gracious winners at this year's Oscars. Treasure Map is a special item that can be activated to lead the player to a buried treasure.. Forest Treasure Map #3. GTA Online's Treasure Hunt leads the player on a chase across the whole map. The map will appear in your hands. See more ideas about treasure maps, pirate treasure maps, pirate maps. It displays the location of all Sunken Treasures and portals. As you do this, you can find treasure maps. Nothing. The Crab Lair and the Daily Reward Treasure Chest that were already on the Basic Map are also displayed. Nov 9, 2017 - Explore Esri's board "Treasure Maps", followed by 1834 people on Pinterest. Find a Shipwreck. The treasure map is located in Fafnir's Storeroom. Looking for more? The two boys remain at odds, until a treasure map captivates them both and a thief's scheme forces them to team up. And there is a lesson that goes along with this presentation. Alik'r Desert. Treasure Map III – 23×36 – North from Nimalten Wayshrine towards a bridge, hidden between a rock cliff and tree. It was added in update 1.3. First, the heroes have to find the map. LOOKS LIKE PATRICK FOUND … The two boys remain at odds, until a treasure map captivates them both and a thief's scheme forces them to team up. Edward White Eyes, a troubled Cherokee boy, encounters an unfriendly welcome when he is forced to bunk in Nathan's room at Thornridge Manor. Circle the correct answer. A registered charity: 209131 (England and Wales) SC037733 (Scotland). Sanjay and Sarah follow the map to try to find the treasure. Pirates. Daggerfall Covenant. For instance, one of the locations is said to have 900 talents or 868,000 troy ounces of gold. On this map all you have to do to gain a treasure map is do the quests. A story of religious persecution against Christians in the Soviet Union during the 1980s and the illegal printing of Bibles. The Treasure Map is one of the three maps in Hungry Shark Evolution.It costs 130 gems, making it the most expensive map in the game.It displays the location of all Sunken Treasures and portals. They find an alien environment and overhear Mr. Wilberforce talking about something stirring beneath the ground - the fire-raiser. This evening's study is entitled "the treasure map." Treasure Map is an item in Genshin Impact. As he finds solitude in the nearby woods, Lucien comes across a woodcarver who helps him find the peace he was looking for. It is crafted from 6x Treasure Map Fragment at a Cartography Table.. Use [edit | edit source]. Treasure Map is a passive item. Want to share IMDb's rating on your own site? I show you how to use a Treasure Map in Minecraft and How to Find Buried Treasure in Minecraft. An old medium-level Treasure Trail map has been updated to reflect changes made to the area in the past. A successful businesswoman gives up her career to raise the son of her deceased sister. The map will be consumed when used. Liberty Cap: If Liberty Cap triggers the effect of The … Pete the Cat and the Treasure Map (children's book, fiction, adventure, animal stories, pirates, friendship and sharing) Pete the Cat and the Treasure Map by James Dean is an adventure story in which Pete the Cat and his friends go looking for pirate treasure. Average: 4 (412 votes) Tags. With Nathan Pinner, Matthew Miller, Richard Robbins, Amanda Nichols. First, you need to find a shipwreck in Minecraft. You must be a registered user to use the IMDb rating plugin. The player must find certain clues to discover the final location of the treasure. Search for "treasure map" in these categories. The following champion skills affect treasure map drops: Treasure Hunter, Fortune's Favor; The Mirri's Expertise perk from Companion Mirri Elendis allows you to find additional loot from treasure map chests; Treasure maps can contain antiquity leads, crafting materials, motifs and sets. Ahsan woke up rather lazily and trudged into t.....Read the short story free on Booksie. I can confirm that the treasure map can also proc islands toys and the 325 tmog weapons as the main reward along with 1500 azerite for 200%. I adopted his advice and my paintings indeed began to improve and sell well. You also won’t get them so easily/readily from rewards. I've gotten the usual 5,000 gold, 2000 azerite and titan residium countless times, but this reset i procced the "bad … patch 3 July 2012 : The Rimmington clue scroll has been updated to match the new look of the area. Announced March 3rd 2018, released March 14th 2018. The Treasure Map – Patrick finds a treasure map, and he and arty go on an adventure to find some treasure, another great interactive book from Matt Ryan, Rubbish books. Equip the buried treasure map in your hot bar and then select it. A newly crafted Treasure Map looks like a colored treasure map with a compass. Unlike other treasure maps which are classified as books, this map is found in the miscellaneous category. Will they find the treasure? ! 2 were here. TREASURE: TREASURE MAP Episode Ep 42 Eng Sub Dramacool and Kissasian will always be the first to have the episode so please Bookmark and visit daily for the latest updates!! a. Sanjay saw a floating in the sea. It may be a map just within a specific location or it may involve different places and even countries, which are needed to be crossed for the treasure to be found. More common in fiction than in reality, "pirate treasure maps" are often depicted in works of fiction as hand drawn and containing arcane clues for the characters to follow. Choose the answer! The Compass: Reveals rooms and their contents. I thanked Jim for his hospitality and promised to check out his books. Preparation. It allows players to find rewards once a day every day during the Summer Beach Party. Treasure maps may not be widely used, or even used, today as compared to the Golden Age of Piracy from 1650 to 1726. Print an activity for the story. monkey / crocodile / parrot c. ‘Wow! SW of Camp Adams, mound under the firepit with the roasted meat. 1.1 How to play Treasure Map 1.2 Treasure Points 1.3 Treasure League 1.4 Reward and Trusty Characters 1.5 Treasure Maps 1.6 Treasure Map Characters 1.6.1 Reward Characters 1.6.2 Treasure Sugo-Only 1.7 Treasure Bazaar 1.8 FAQ 1.9 Useful links A new adventure mode where you can collect Limit Break materials … Maps and directions. 13-year-old Lucien is traumatized and ostracized by causing his friend Danny to fall off a cliff. Making your own authentic-looking treasure map is easy to do. Slowed by a physical handicap and resistance ... See full summary ». Points out the location of a treasure, mostly a treasure chest. Unfortunately, my sister and I are both women, and you are also a woman, Lily, so there’s no way for you to make the tattoos on our backs appear. The final listing mentions a duplicate document that is designed to provide additional information. MasterPharaohMystic replied on 17 March, 2021 - 05:21 Taiwan Permalink, DJCherry10 replied on 15 December, 2020 - 15:06 Iran Permalink, HelloGoodbyeAlways replied on 13 May, 2020 - 10:37 Ireland (Republic of) Permalink, captain redhead i think ive heard that somewhere, DJSkiingGrape replied on 4 May, 2020 - 10:22 Germany Permalink, YellowFrostPizza replied on 12 February, 2020 - 05:55 South Korea Permalink, MissKittyRugby replied on 16 August, 2019 - 11:16 Taiwan Permalink. The treasure map is an item that can be obtained from Reyna during the Summer Beach Party. Add the first question. 18 in Cyrodiil ), and a thief 's scheme forces them to team up or a cave is... 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domain: geography


text: Jack Parlett is a writer, poet, and scholar. He is the author of The Poetics of Cruising: Queer Visual Culture from Whitman to Grindr, published by the University of Minnesota Press and Same Blue, Different You, a chapbook. He holds a Junior Research Fellowship at University College, Oxford, where he teaches American literature and literary theory. His essays have appeared in Poetry London, Lit Hub, and elsewhere. He lives in Oxford. His new book Fire Island is available now.

domain: artistic


text:
Item No. 303
The Club, Barbados Resort & Spa is the idea Adult-Only Caribbean vacation destination for those seeking a fantastic location, intimate setting, and service excellence. Located on the highly sought-after west coast of Barbados, The Club, Barbados Resort & Spa offers colorful gardens, cozy walkways, 3-tier freshwater pool, tennis court, spa, and fitness center. The resort certificate provides 7 - 10 nights accommodation (double occupancy) for 3 rooms.
Fixed Price: $750.00
Expiration Date: 2022-12-20
Restrictions: All reservations are subject to a required supplement of $125 per person/night which provides all dining, all beverages, resort facilities & activities. Government tax/service is additional. Guest choosing to upgrade to a higher room category may do so far as little as $50/night + tax. Air transportation is not included. Resort black out dates do not apply however, minimum 7 night stay and additional peak season surcharge of $50 per person, per night applies Dec. 21 - Jan 3 & Feb 1 - 24. Air must be purchased at the time of booking for stays Dec. 21 - Jan 3 & Feb 1 - 24. Reservations are subject to availability, some restrictions apply. Expiration date is a "Book By" date not a "Travel By" date.

domain: travel


- Filed Under
I spent more than 20 years as a journalist making sure every word I wrote was fact. So it was a concern to see a letter to the editor titled "City spends too much," published Feb. 23 in The Town Talk, full of misinformation. On behalf of the mayor and the City Council, I'd like to present the facts.
First, it is expected that some citizens are not for any tax, some are for it based on expected community returns on that investment, and some do not care. But the letter writer's claim for being against a tax - that the city spends too much - is just wrong.
Alexandria has one of the lowest tax rates in the state on a ...


text:
MCA grilled over stock theft in Tana River
07 August 2015, 10:25
Mombasa - CID officers in Tana River County on Thursday grilled a member of Tana River County Assembly suspected to be the mastermind behind the alleged theft and illegal slaughter of livestock in the area.
Mohamed Buya Yusa, the MCA for Mikinduni ward in Galole constituency was questioned for about two hours over his alleged involvement in the disappearance and slaughter of cattle and goats in his ward.
The politician was escorted to the Tana River Divisional Headquarters by fellow MCAs Manasseh Guyo and Linah Maya Jara and a number of his supporters.
The grilling session was led by Chief Inspector Calist Mauko, the Tana River sub-County Criminal Investigation Officer in the presence of the two other MCAs and supporters, although reporters were kept out.
After the interrogations, Buya said he would issue a statement later over the matter, although he had pleaded innocent.
Read Also: Two men get four years for slaughtering stolen cow
Tana River Officer Commanding Police Division, Sylvester Githungo confirmed that the MCA was under investigation for his alleged involvement in stock theft but did not give more details.
Buya was summoned by Chief Inspector George Ndegwa who said he had reasons to believe the MCA had information that would help him with his investigations.
Tension has been rising in Bondeni area within Mikinduni ward following the disappearance of livestock, which was later found slaughtered inside a thicket.
National Government Administrative Officers have held several meetings after members of a pastoral community threatened to attack a neighboring community accusing it of the disappearance and eventual slaughter of their animals.
Wenje Assistant County Commissioner, Fred Mwangangi held a public baraza in Bondeni last week to quell the tension. He said although the animals were being slaughtered, it was not known where the meat was being consumed.
“It is intriguing that the animals are being killed but we have not established where the meat is being consumed,” he told reporters.
“We urge owners of butcheries to be vigilant and avoid buying meat from the thieves,” he cautioned.
His sentiments were echoed by Acting Tana River Deputy County Commissioner, who separately told journalists that incidents of stock theft in the sub county were on the rise.
He also warned perpetrators of the crime that they would be arrested and prosecuted.
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text:
(b Linz, 7 Mar. 1955)
Austrian composer, director, and artist. He trained in graphic design and music since when he has experimented with a series of mixed-media, interactive projects. Those for dance have offered seminal discoveries about the ways in which electronically created imagery can alter perceptions of the live body. In Vivisector (2002, with Chris Haring) video projections and light effects played over four dancers to create illusions of speed, altered shape, and texture. In Le Sacre du Printemps (2006, with Julia Mach) 3D technology created the illusion that the dancer was crossing vast stretches of space as she moved.
Obermaier's works are toured worldwide. He has additionally created video and sound installations and composed for music ensembles including the Kronos Quartet. In 1996 he was appointed visiting professor at the University IUAV, Venice, teaching new media in dance, music, and theatre.
http://www.exile.at Klaus Obermaier's official website

domain: entertainment


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About Cone Instruments Your Source for Ultrasound and Imaging Accessories At Cone Instruments we understand the demands of medical imaging in todays dynamic healthcare market We have the broadest selection of medical imaging products available and maintain significant stocking positions to ensure that when you need a product we have itFurther Details


text:
Software developer Alethea AI, which created the world’s first “intelligent NFT,” just secured $16 million in funding via private token sale to create a metaverse populated by its bots.
Lead investors in the token sale included NFT fund Metapurse and investment firm Crypto.com Capital, as well as billionaire investor Mark Cuban, Dapper Labs, BITKRAFT, Galaxy Interactive, Sfermion, and LD Capital, according to an announcement from Alethea.
An , for those who don’t know, is a digital deed of ownership that can be connected to just about anything—such as artwork, audio or video content. NFTs are typically minted and stored on the blockchain.
But Alethea wants the NFT world to evolve past videos and expensive artwork into something with “fully interactive, engaging and autonomous agents that can learn and evolve from the environment.”
Therefore, the NFTs that will fill the metaverse will be talking, intelligent NFTs (iNFTs) created by Alethea: machine-learning bots that can have human-like conversations. Decrypt spoke with one earlier this year, called Alice, which was auctioned off in June for $478,800.
The idea is that a load of iNFTs with their own personalities will be able to interact with each other in a parallel, computerized, AI-powered world.
Big-time investors were so impressed by Alice that Alethea was able to put together $16 million in the private token sale. The tokens will let holders have a stake in the virtual world. Meanwhile, Alethea will take the cash to begin building.
“Alethea’s thesis is that NFTs will provide a definitive property rights infrastructure for the emerging Metaverse driven by interactive and intelligent Avatars,” the announcement said. “The AI infrastructure built by Alethea will serve as the underlying connective tissue to enable NFTs to ‘come alive’ as interactive media assets, with personality traits, preferences and real-time interactive capability.”


text:
As a next generation energy company, SmartestEnergy is proud to support the transition to net-zero. Scroll down to see how we’re enabling smart businesses to take an active role in managing their energy.
Listen to episode 7 of the SmartestEnergy Talks Podcast:
Environment Director at Business in the Community, Gudrun Cartwright sits down with Deputy VP of Marketing and SmartestEnergy Sustainability Forum Chair, Mike Shirley to discuss the UK's transition to net-zero, how businesses will be key in leading the transition and how to get involved with Business in the Community's net-zero taskforce.
Our latest webinar in collaboration with Edie demonstrated how leading corporates are helping to accelerate the net-zero transition, including a case study from property consultancy JLL, pioneers in making their buildings more sustainable to achieve net-zero carbon operations by 2030.
This week’s headlines: demand on the GB transmission system falls to its lowest-ever level; MPs have urged action to remove barriers to greater deployment of offshore wind; and the regulator has stressed the importance of delivering more investment for less as it prepares to set out new network price controls.
This week’s headlines: using surplus renewable generation to produce hydrogen could significantly boost renewable generators’ revenues in the decades ahead; Ofgem is easing the burden of the increased costs of balancing the system during Covid-19; and wind helps the UK break another renewables record in the first quarter of the year.


Solar power is a vital part of the clean energy revolution. We’ve all seen panels springing up across buildings and homes but what about cars? If you’re interested in vehicles and how we can make transport more sustainable, check out Solar Car Club!
Interested in the possibilities of solar-powered travel? Take a deep dive into the technology that's now making clean energy a genuine alternative to our gas-guzzling motors. Read Solar Car Club's latest guide to the major players in solar car design!
The article – 'How Major Automakers Are Approaching Solar Cars' – looks at some of the industry's most successful brands and explores why embracing solar technology is a growing priority for these companies. You can read it along with an exhaustive collection of scientific explorations and commentary on all things related to solar vehicles on the website now!
Get under (and over!) the hood of solar vehicles with Solar Car Club! More details at https://solarcarclub.com/how-major-automakers-are-approaching-solar-cars/
The guide discusses Tesla's successful attempts to incorporate solar panel technology in its famed electric car range. In a move that reflects the company's eye for sleek aesthetics and sustainable transport, Tesla has managed to integrate solar panels into its car designs without compromising on aerodynamics or looks.
Have you heard about Toyota's partnership with Sharp? This has seen the integration of solar technology into the Prius – a mainstay of the Toyota line for many years. This reflects the manufacturer's commitment to both the efficiency and sustainability of one of its flagship models. Panels have been installed on the roof, hood, and rear hatch of the car.
Other Japanese manufacturers have been investing heavily in this exciting technology. According to the article, The Hyundai Sonata Hybrid features a solar roof which helps augment its primary electric power source. The battery cell technology used allows you to charge the car while stationary and on the move. The company has suggested it is investigating how to roll out this technology across other vehicles in its collection.
The article goes on to highlight the myriad environmental advantages of solar cars. These include zero emissions, decreased energy consumption, and less reliance on the traditional power grid. This helps to reduce our dependence on fossil fuels that has served the world's ecosystem so badly over recent decades.
While the costs of purchasing a solar vehicle remain high, the guide points out that, over the long term, they reduce your expenses by significantly offsetting fuel costs. Reduced noise pollution is another unheralded advantage of solar vehicles. Solar cars can operate completely silently, making cities and towns quieter for residents and motorists alike. A cleaner, quieter world sounds pretty good, right?
The article says, “As more consumers recognize the benefits of solar-powered vehicles in reducing their carbon footprint and dependence on fossil fuels, we can expect continued innovation and improvements in this field.”
For more info, go to https://solarcarclub.com/how-major-automakers-are-approaching-solar-cars/
Keep your finger on the pulse of sustainable transport with Solar Car Club!


text:
Hidrock Scores $45M in Acquisition Funds From Bank of Ozarks, Ladder
Bank of the Ozarks and Ladder Capital lent $45.5 million in funds for a seasoned New York City investor to buy a three-lot land assemblage in the Rockefeller Center area for $47 million, Mortgage Observer has learned. The buyer, HID Acquisition Group LLC, a subsidiary of Hidrock Realty, closed on the parcels last month and plans to build a residential condominium, Hidrock’s CEO said.
Bank of the Ozarks provided $26 million in a senior mortgage, while Ladder Capital lent $19.5 million in mezzanine funds, a source told MO.
The loans were brokered by Aaron Appel of JLL, according to Abraham Hidary, CEO of Hidrock. Mr. Appel was not immediately available for comment.
The three 25-foot wide lots sit at 12 East 48th Street, 14 East 48th Street and 13 East 47th Street. Hidrock will demolish the vacant office buildings on the lots currently.
The assemblage allows for 75,300 buildable square feet and Hidrock plans a 31-story tower, according to a representative for Stuart Gross of Eastern Consolidated, who brokered the sale. The seller was City Centre Properties.
The development is as of right, Mr. Hidary said. He added that construction planning has already begun and the project should break ground next year. At that time, his firm will seek construction financing—from $70 to $80 million, he estimates.
A call to Bank of the Ozarks was not returned. Ladder Capital declined to comment on the transaction.


text:
9 Quick and Easy Meals to Try This NovemberArticle posted in: Nutrisystem
When fall arrives and schedules get busier, you need quick and easy meals that fit into your weight loss goals. This is especially important around the holidays as the unhealthy temptations begin to grow.
If you’re going to survive the season slim-down style, you need a game plan. Let Nutrisystem take away the burden of meal prepping with convenient food delivery and a delicious menu full of fast meals that are simple to prepare! Check out nine of our favorite options to get a taste of what Nutrisystem has to offer this November:
Try These Quick and Easy Meals for Breakfast:
You can still start your day with pancakes while you lose weight on Nutrisystem! Simply swap traditional flapjacks with our Homestyle Pancakes. They’re a good source of fiber and pack in six grams of protein per serving. Savor the flavors of fall by serving this morning delight with a drizzle of maple syrup, a sprinkle of walnuts and a side of chopped apples.
Start your day with a delicious homestyle breakfast. Our whole-grain, ready-to-heat French Toast is not only easy to prepare, but it’s also packed with wholesome goodness and a touch of sweet cinnamon. It’s the perfect warm and decadent dish for those chilly November mornings!
When it comes to quick and easy breakfast meals, oatmeal is a popular choice. With its portable packets and fast preparation time, it’s a convenient option for busy mornings. However, many store-bought oatmeal varieties that offer delicious flavors may not align with weight loss goals. That’s why we have developed this Maple Brown Sugar Oatmeal. It’s a microwavable breakfast option that combines the convenience of instant oatmeal with the delicious taste of slow-cooked oats. Start your fall morning with this cozy bowl of goodness!
Stock Up on These Simple and Delicious Lunches:
During the holiday season, sticking to a weight loss plan becomes easier when you savor delicious food. Satisfying your cravings is about more than just quantity—it’s about flavor too. Our Loaded Mashed Potato dish is bursting with comforting flavors, featuring a creamy base, tangy cheddar and blue cheeses, and crispy bacon bits. Indulge in this flavorful main course without feeling deprived or left out. Plus, mashed potatoes are an ideal choice for chilly November days. Discover the perfect blend of taste and satisfaction!
This bowl of noodles is the definition of cold weather comfort food. Featuring tender chicken, flavorful tomatoes and broccoli, all nestled on a bed of curly pasta and smothered in a creamy cheese sauce. This guilt-free lunch is not only incredibly delicious but also offers a sense of home-cooked bliss. Try our Three Cheese Chicken today and experience the ultimate comfort food experience like never before!
Cozy up to an elevated classic this November! Our Café-Style Creamy Tomato Soup is perfect for the fall and winter season, featuring slow-stewed tomatoes, parmesan cheese, savory chicken broth and heavy cream. Its delicious taste was inspired by your favorite bread café. A delicious lunch ready in five minutes? Yes, please!
Enjoy These Quick and Easy Meals for Dinner:
This Meatloaf With Potatoes and Veggies gives you all the goodness of a home-cooked dish, thanks to being full of flavor and satisfying protein. Made with real beef and pork and smothered in a savory tomato sauce, we pair this Hearty Inspiration meal with a side of veggies, including roasted potatoes, crisp green beans, carrots, peas and corn.
Craving a classic Thanksgiving feast? Then you’re going to love our Roasted Turkey Medallions, which features slow-roasted, tender turkey topped with savory turkey gravy and a side of creamy mashed potatoes. This comforting dish is sure to warm you up this November! It’s also high in protein and contains 260 calories per serving.
What better way to enjoy a high-protein meal than with a stuffed chicken breast that is full of flavor. Our Artichoke and Spinach Stuffed Chicken Breast features a delicious blend of cheeses and seasoning—and packs in 17 grams of protein. The nutrient rich spinach and savory artichokes make for a perfect accent vegetable to this delicious dish. You’ll be left full and satisfied.
Looking for more quick and easy meals? Get started with a Nutrisystem plan today! >

domain: food


|Publication number||US6239739 B1|
|Application number||US 09/160,349|
|Publication date||May 29, 2001|
|Filing date||Sep 25, 1998|
|Priority date||Sep 26, 1997|
|Also published as||DE69829391D1, DE69829391T2, EP1018033A1, EP1018033B1, WO1999017134A1|
|Publication number||09160349, 160349, US 6239739 B1, US 6239739B1, US-B1-6239739, US6239739 B1, US6239739B1|
|Inventors||David Thomson, Benny Bentland, Thomas Kronhamn|
|Original Assignee||Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ)|
|Export Citation||BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan|
|Patent Citations (9), Referenced by (17), Classifications (10), Legal Events (5)|
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet|
This application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. §§119 and/or 365 to 9703470-6 filed in Sweden on Sep. 26, 1997; the entire content of which is hereby incorporated by reference.
The present invention has its main application within the field of sensors and relates to a method for association between tracks of moving measurement objects, in particular when a pause has occurred between the target tracks between which association is to be performed.
Certain types of sensor, for example search radar systems or surveillance radar systems, do not measure the position of one and the same measurement object constantly but instead measure at discrete times the positions of a plurality of measurement objects within a given area or volume. In connection with this type of sensor, it may be desirable to obtain information about where a measurement object will be located at a point in time before the next measurement time, in other words it is desirable to be able to predict the position of the measurement object, the target, before the next measurement time.
Such prediction is often referred to as target tracking and is performed on the basis of a number of consecutive measurement times which are hereinafter referred to as detections. Target tracking provides information about, for example, the speed, course and acceleration of the target. This information is obtained with the aid of calculations which are performed on the basis of a number of consecutive detections of the target concerned. A problem may arise in the calculations if more than one target is located within the area or volume scanned by the sensor. The problem lies in the uncertainty about which new detections are to be considered to belong to which existing target tracks.
This problem can be solved by so-called association, which is often performed in two stages, correlation and allocation. Correlation usually consists of a method for determining the degree of probability that a new detection belongs to an existing target track. On the basis of the result of the correlation, the new detection can then be allocated to a given existing target track.
A conventional method for association is to predict at the correlation stage where the targets that are being tracked will be located the next time they are detected, after which a tracked target is allocated the new detection that lies closest to the predicted position of the tracked target.
There are a great many methods for obtaining improved reliability in association on the basis of this fundamental principle. One way is, with reference to the last detected position of a tracked target, to create an imaginary area or volume within which it is considered that it will be possible for the tracked target to be located at the next detection. A new detection which is carried out within this area or volume is allocated to the tracked target. Another method is, on the basis of a tracked target, to initiate a number of alternative tracks, so-called hypothetical tracks, in order at a later stage to investigate which of the hypothetical tracks corresponds most closely to a given new detection.
The problem with association between new detections and existing target tracks is rendered even more difficult if the sensor used has made a pause in its scanning of a given area or volume. It has not been possible for the target tracks that were located within this area or volume during the pause to be updated with new detections during the pause. The method described above for calculating possible positions for targets after the pause then leads to unreasonably large areas for the possible positions. In the same way, the method using hypothetical tracks leads to altogether too many allocation possibilities.
European Patent Application EP 607 015 describes a method for association between a new detection and an existing target track with the aid of the first of the methods described above, in other words information about the previous movement of the target is used to predict a volume within which the new position of the target may be.
European Patent Application EP 660 134 describes a method for tracking a number of targets simultaneously. The method includes the formation of hypothetical tracks, in principle according to the second of the two methods described above.
The problem that is solved with the aid of the present invention is that of obtaining improved reliability in association in connection with target tracking with the aid of sensors, in particular association carried out after a pause in the scanning by a sensor of a given area or volume.
According to the invention, this problem is solved by, in contrast to previously known methods, not attempting to perform association between new detections and existing target tracks. In the method according to the invention, new target tracks are instead initiated after a pause, which new target tracks are each compared with the target tracks that existed before the pause for the purpose of being able to perform correct allocations.
When, in the association method according to the invention, a new target track is compared with one of the target tracks that existed before the pause, use is made of the fact that certain parameters of the target tracks compared are known, such as points in time, positions, courses and speeds.
On the basis of certain assumptions, calculations are performed, in each comparison, relating to movement between two positions, one in each of the two target tracks compared. The assumptions that are made according to the invention are that a given maximum number of changes in course and changes in speed with given maximum values can have taken place during movement between the two positions. In the calculations, one of the known parameters for the two positions is allowed to vary, while other known parameters are kept constant. The calculations that are performed relate to a maximum and a minimum value which the parameter that is allowed to vary may assume in order for movement to be possible between the two positions.
If the known value of the parameter that is allowed to vary lies between the calculated maximum and minimum values, the new target track is allocated to the target track with which it is compared.
If, in accordance with the principle of the invention described above, it is possible to perform more than one allocation, the allocation is made that is considered to indicate the smallest change with regard to the speed and/or course during the movement.
Every sensor has a certain measurement inaccuracy, due to which the parameters that according to the invention are kept constant are nevertheless allowed to vary to an extent that is defined by the measurement inaccuracy of the sensor.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the movement time, in other words the time difference between the two positions compared, is the known parameter that is allowed to vary. The maximum and minimum values for the parameter that is allowed to vary are then the longest and, respectively, the shortest time that the movement can have taken between the positions compared. If the movement time lies between this shortest and, respectively, longest time, the new target track is allocated to the target track with which it is compared.
As target tracks are built up on the basis of a number of detections, the method according to the intention means that it will be possible for attempts at comparison after a pause to be made only when a number of detections for one and the same target have been carried out after the pause. This delay can nevertheless be considered to be compensated by the increased reliability that is obtained in the association, and also by the fact that the delay is in most cases negligible in relation to the duration of the pause.
The invention will be described in greater detail below with the aid of examples of embodiments and with reference to the appended drawings, in which
FIG. 1 shows the principle of target tracks before and, respectively, after a pause,
FIGS. 2-4 show the principle of calculating the shortest and longest movement time during the pause, and
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a method according to the invention.
FIG. 1 shows an area which is scanned by a sensor 1, in this exemplary embodiment a search radar or surveillance radar system. It should be pointed out that the fact that the exemplary embodiment shows an area and not a volume is simply for the sake of clarity, the method according to the invention also being suitable for use with sensors which scan a volume.
It can be seen from FIG. 1 that the radar system or sensor 1 has made a pause in its scanning of the area. The pause occurred between the time t=0 and the time t=tR. FIG. 1 shows three target tracks A, B and C, and a fourth target track D. Target tracks A, B and C were made before the pause, and target track D was initiated after the pause. Possible movements during the pause are indicated by dashed lines in FIG. 1. The pause is assumed-to have been a pause which is longer than that caused by the usual scan rate of the radar system, but it can also, of course, be the pause that occurs during the usual scan rate of the radar system.
One task of the system to which the radar in the example belongs is to investigate whether target track D should be allocated to one of target tracks A, B and C which existed before the pause and, if so, which.
So as to be able to decide whether and, if so, which allocation should be performed in situations such as that shown in FIG. 1, a number of assumptions are made according to the invention with regard to the possibilities of the targets A, B and C for movement during the pause.
The assumptions made relate to how many changes in course and changes in speed a tracked target may be considered to have made during the pause, and also maximum values of these changes in speed and changes in course. In the exemplary embodiment shown, it is assumed that one change in course and one change in speed could take place during the pause.
The numerical values for the maximum change in speed and the maximum change in course which it is assumed could take place during the pause are not of major significance either for the invention or for this description and will therefore not be discussed in greater detail here. A suitable method of setting these numerical values, however, is to start out from the type of target that is being tracked, for example vessels, aircraft or cars.
In a preferred embodiment, the same values for maximum changes in speed and changes in course are used for all targets but, in an alternative embodiment, it is also possible to make use of individual values for each target. These individual values can then suitably be set with the aid of knowledge possessed about the target, for example on the basis of the behaviour of the target during the time it has been tracked, or knowledge about the target obtained from external sources. Examples of such external sources may be other sensors, aviation control systems etc.
On the basis of the assumptions made about the changes in course and changes in speed which a tracked target may be considered to have made during the pause and the knowledge possessed about the positions of the respective tracked target, a shortest and a longest time (Tmin, Tmax) is calculated, for each of the target tracks that existed before the pause, for the movement between two positions, where one position is a position which existed in the respective target track before the pause and the second position is a position in the target track with which comparison is carried out, in other words the target track that was initiated after the pause.
The two positions which are used in calculations according to the invention can, broadly speaking, be selected arbitrarily from the positions contained in the respective target track before the pause and in the target track which was initiated after the pause. In the exemplary embodiment of the invention shown here, however, the positions corresponding to the last detection in the target tracks that existed before the pause and the first detection in the target track that was initiated after the pause are used.
In FIG. 2, crosses indicate the positions A0 and D0 which are used in the calculations for comparison between target tracks A and D according to the invention. Positions A0 and D0 each correspond to a detection of the respective target. Position A0 is drawn slightly before the pause began at time t=0, which is due to the fact that the radar system or sensor 1 performed the detection corresponding to position A0 slightly before the pause began. In the same way, position D0 is not drawn exactly at the time t=tR when the pause ended, which is due to the fact that, as was explained initially, a target track is initiated only after a number of detections and to the fact that the first detection in target track D did not take place exactly when the pause ended.
Also shown in FIG. 2 are the two movements Emax(A) and Emin(A) for target track A which, taking into consideration the abovementioned assumptions about the possibilities of a target for movement during the pause, will take the longest and, respectively, the shortest time for movement between positions A0 and D0. Movement Emin(A) which takes the shortest time, Tmin(A), is the movement with as early a change in speed and as slow a movement to change course as possible. Movement Emax(A) which takes the longest time, Tmax(A), is obtained in a corresponding manner with as late a change in speed and as tight a change in course as possible. The mathematical explanation of these two relationships is not of major significance for the invention and is therefore omitted from this description.
In order to investigate whether target track D should be allocated to target track A, a comparison is then carried out according to the invention between the time ΔT(A0,D0) which has elapsed between positions A0 and D0 and the time interval which is defined by Tmin(A) and Tmax(A). All the times that are used in this comparison are, as has emerged, well-known for the system of which the radar forms part. The comparison carried out according to the invention can be summarized by the following mathematical condition:
which with the designations according to the case shown in FIG. 2 becomes:
If condition (1) is satisfied, it is considered according to the invention that the new target track should be allocated to the target track with which it is compared.
FIG. 3 shows, in a manner corresponding to that in FIG. 2, the two positions B0 and D0 which are used in the comparison between target tracks B and D, and the two tracks Emin(B) and Emax(B) which, taking into consideration the abovementioned assumptions about the capacity for manoeuvre during the pause, give the shortest and, respectively, the longest time Tmin(B) and Tmax(B) for movement between the points B0 and D0. For the reasons explained in connection with FIG. 1, the points B0 and D0 lie slightly before and, respectively, after the pause. Point D0 is here suitably the same point as point D0 in FIG. 1.
In order to investigate whether target track D should be allocated to target track B, a comparison is then carried out according to the invention between the time ΔT(B0,D0) which has passed between positions B0 and D0 and the interval which is defined by Tmin(B) and Tmax(B). Expressed mathematically, this becomes the condition:
With reference to FIG. 4, comparison is carried out in the same way
In the comparisons described above, however, it can be seen that the respective condition (2), (3) and (4) is satisfied in all the comparisons. So as to be able to perform the most probable allocation in such cases, assumptions are made, as has been mentioned previously, in the method according to the invention regarding how many changes in course and, respectively, changes in speed a target may be considered to have made during the movement concerned. In this exemplary embodiment, a maximum of one change in course and one change in speed are assumed during said time interval.
Target tracks include, as mentioned, information about the speed, acceleration and course of the respective tracked target at every point in the respective target track, which means that the sensor system 1 can calculate how many changes in course and, respectively, changes in speed are required in order to move between two points which are compared with one another. These calculations show that target track B must have made at least two changes in course in order to move from B0 to D0, which precludes target track D from being allocated to target track B.
Calculations regarding target tracks A and C show, however, that both these target tracks may have carried out the movement concerned with at most one change in course and one change in speed. So as to be able to perform the most probable allocation in such situations as well, allocation is performed in the method according to the invention to the target which has made the smallest absolute change with regard to course and/or speed during the interval concerned. At this stage, in other words, it is not the number of changes during the movement with regard to course and/or speed that is used but the absolute change in these parameters.
Calculations relating to target tracks A and C show that it is target track A that needs to have made the smallest change with regard to both speed and course during movement to point D0. Target track D is therefore allocated to target track A.
FIG. 5 shows a flow chart of an example of a method according to the invention.
The invention can be realized using any combination of hardware and software but, in a preferred embodiment, it is realized essentially exclusively using software.
The invention is not limited to the embodiment described above but can be varied freely within the scope of the patent claims below. Of course, the number and size of the changes in course and changes in speed which it is assumed could take place during a movement can, broadly speaking, be selected arbitrarily depending upon the application concerned.
In the exemplary embodiment shown above, it has been assumed throughout that the most probable allocation is that which indicates the smallest change in speed and/or course during a given time interval. These are assumptions which are specific to a given application of the method according to the invention, and may, of course, be varied among different applications within the scope of the invention. In other applications, for example, the most probable allocation may be that which indicates the greatest change in speed and/or course during a given time interval, or the allocation that indicates the greatest change in speed combined with the smallest change in course etc.
Furthermore, throughout the example above, only one target track has been shown after the pause. This has been done exclusively for the sake of clarity, the invention can, of course, be applied where there is more than one target track after a pause. In such cases, one target track at a time from the group of target tracks initiated after the pause is compared with all the target tracks in the group of target tracks that existed before the pause, in which connection the method according to the invention described above is followed. On the other hand, of course, one target track at a time from the group of target tracks that existed before the pause can be compared with all the target tracks initiated after the pause.
The known parameter which has been allowed to vary in the exemplary embodiment shown is time. According to the invention, however, essentially any known parameter can be allowed to vary according to the principle described.
The positions in the target tracks which are compared with one another do not have to be the last position before and, respectively, the first after the pause but can, broadly speaking, be selected arbitrarily. Nor do the positions have to be those positions in the respective target track that correspond to detection; it is also possible to use predicted positions.
Finally, it should be mentioned that the sensor in which the method according to the invention is applied does not have to be a radar system; the invention can be applied in a great many types of sensor.
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|U.S. Classification||342/96, 342/195, 342/94, 342/89, 342/95, 342/90, 342/97|
|Dec 11, 1998||AS||Assignment|
Owner name: TELEFONAKTIEBOLAGET LM ERICSSON, SWEDEN
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:THOMSON, DAVID;BENTLAND, BENNY;KORNHAMN, THOMAS;REEL/FRAME:009655/0475
Effective date: 19981201
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Year of fee payment: 4
|Nov 22, 2008||FPAY||Fee payment|
Year of fee payment: 8
|Dec 10, 2010||AS||Assignment|
Owner name: SAAB AB, SWEDEN
Effective date: 20091124
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:TELEFONAKTIEBOLAGET LM ERICSSON (PUBL);REEL/FRAME:025470/0517
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Year of fee payment: 12


text:
2 May 2023.
Today, the specialised mandates tasked with promoting and protecting freedom of expression at the UN, OAS, OSCE and African Commission launched their annual Joint Declaration, this year on Media Freedom and Democracy. The Joint Declaration, which was drafted with the assistance of the Centre for Law and Democracy (CLD), describes the important role of free, independent and pluralistic media in supporting democracy, human rights and other important social values, and then sets out the obligations and responsibilities of States, online platforms and the media themselves to ensure that the media can fulfil these important roles.
“A key aim of the 2023 Joint Declaration is to reaffirm the importance of professional news media in maintaining the key values that support and sustain democracy”, said Toby Mendel, Executive Director of CLD. “Support for media freedom is more important today than ever – due to the erosion of media business models and increasing official attacks on media freedom in both emerging and established democracies – and yet public understanding of how important this is has waned.”
The Joint Declaration has three separate sections focusing on States. The first calls on States to establish an enabling environment for the media, focusing heavily on the promotion of media diversity and protection of journalists against legal and physical attacks and harassment. The second calls on States to refrain from violating media freedom, including by ensuring that legal restrictions are in line with international law and by politicians not undermining public trust in the media and instead demonstrating tolerance of criticism. The third calls for economic measures to support the media, including the fair allocation of State subsidies and advertising.
Another section calls on online platforms to respect human rights standards, to strengthen transparency and the power of users to control their online experiences, and to conduct human rights impact assessments of their operations and mitigate any risks these identify. It also calls on large platforms to compensate media fairly for their business use of media content. A final section calls on the media to respect professional standards, including by putting in place self-regulatory mechanisms to develop and apply professional codes of conduct.
The Joint Declaration is available here. Other languages will follow soon.
For further information, please contact:


The International Standard Atmosphere (ISA) is a model which determines the temperature, the pressure, etc., of an (ideal) atmosphere at a given altitude.
ISA sets a reference which allows to compare the actual atmosphere with a standard atmosphere defined by average values. ISA also plays a fundamental role in the definition of the performance of aircrafts.
The International Standard Atmosphere used by ICAO is defined in the DOC 7488.
ISA main parameters:
♦ Dry air
♦ temperature: 15 oC at sea level
♦ temperature lapse rate: -1.98oC / 1000 ft: from sea level up to FL 360
♦ pressure: 1013.25 hPa at sea level
♦ pressure lapse rate:
◊ sea level: ≈ -3.56 hPa / 100 ft (28 ft / hPa)
◊ FL 100: ≈ -2.70 hPa / 100 ft (37 ft / hPa)
◊ FL 200: ≈ -1.95 hPa / 100 ft (51 ft/ hPa)
◊ FL 300: ≈ -1.37 hPa / 100 ft (73 ft/ hPa)
The mobile application allows you to determine the ISA parameters: air temperature, air pressure, air density and the speed of sound. Have fun!


text:
The breeze has betrothed my room. The bugs have crowned me their queen! Every day, I leave the windows wide open and every night I invite the moon into my abode. At home, a single spider will send me into a frenzy. I have come to accept that everything here is open, welcoming- whether to other humans or to whatever critters slip over the windowsill. The spiders and I have an agreement not to cross each other's paths too often, though.
Is it overkill, how much I talk about the nice people here?! They're more than nice, I've said. Friends and strangers alike go out of their way to be kind! Just this weekend, we ventured to the east side of Trinidad, the side facing the Atlantic Ocean. Our shuttle bus wound its way through small towns and forests, wrapping up and down the mountains. Little did we know, the path often trodden to our greatly desired Rampanalgas Waterfalls had been closed!
Beardy, the man of few words who has become our main contact for transportation, would not give up. After consulting with a few locals, he drove us straight into what appeared to be a cow farm with a thick trail. The cows sat lazily in the hot sun as we passed. Beardy was so dedicated to making sure we arrived safely that he attempted to drive us into the waterfall itself. Eventually, the trail became so thin it was clear we would have to step out of the vehicle and hike on foot.
Beardy went far beyond his call of duty as our paid transport. Before the second half of our group parted ways with him, he handed us a grocery bag full of ripe, juicy mangoes. "You bought these for us?" we asked, surprised. He nodded gruffly, and asked us to call him when we arrived safely at the waterfalls. The mangoes were sweet and satisfying as we munched and walked under the warm sun. Beardy is far too kind! I will have to sneak a photo of him when I get the chance next.
A quick note on the purpose of hiking: I suppose everyone has their own goals when beginning a hike. To me, however, a hike is about the path itself and not the end goal. Whether you are hiking to the top of a mountain, an abandoned beach, or the waterfall at the end of a slippery slope... the hike itself is the joy. There is so much beauty to appreciate on the path itself. The waterfall at the end is just the cherry on top of that sundae!
Eventually we relocated ourselves to Balandra Bay on the Atlantic Ocean facing side of Trinidad!


text:
Hip dysplasia is a disease that unfortunately, is a common problem in several popular dog breeds. Indeed the U.K’s favourite breed, the Labrador is susceptible to this most unpleasant of afflictions.
Avoidance is always better than cure. When buying puppies it is important to check that both parents and grandparents have no history of hip troubles. The best way to do this for pedigree dogs is to ask to see parents official hip score certificates before you purchase. Although these puppies may be a little more expensive, this check at least goes some way to ensuring you have tried to prevent the very expensive condition of hip dysplasia. Even so, the disease may still strike many unfortunate offspring including those who do not appear to have a hereditary link to it. Learning to live with hip dysplasia is something that we as dog owners sometimes have to adapt to along with our pets.
Hip Dysplasia is an extremely painful condition and if diagnosed, should always be managed. Mild cases can be controlled through treatments such as NSAID’s, glucosamine supplements, controlled exercise and weight loss with the aim to limit deleterious effects on the dogs life sytle. Anything over and above a mild case may require surgery of some form, for example hip replacement (just like humans).
The vet’s confirmation that your dog is suffering from hip dysplasia is an enormous blow to come to terms with. You will have many questions that need immediate answers. Can your dog live with this condition and be free from pain and suffering? Will ongoing treatment be required? Can we afford the vet fees? Will my dog have to be put to sleep? It is at this time when you should really lean on your vet and ask them to thoroughly explain your options and the impact that hip dysplasia will have on your pet.
Hip dysplasia is a polygenetic disease, meaning several genes in certain environments cause it. Some dogs may be predisposed to hip dysplasia, however, they will not develop the disease unless certain other factors come into play. Can you prevent hip dysplasia in your dog? No, not completely. Certainly only breeding/buying animals without a history of hip disease helps, but the the condition can still occur. Can you ease the pain suffered by a dog with hip dysplasia? Certainly.
There are varying degrees of hip dysplasia. When a dog is tested for good hips it is called a “Hip Score”. This involves taking 2 x-rays taken under sedation or anaesthesia of an adult animal, with the condition of the hips being assessed and graded by a board of official vets. The higher the score the worse the state of the hips or, more to the point, the worse the fitting between ball of the hip joint (femoral head) and the socket (acetabulum). Ideally, the ball and socket should fit snugly together with the cup nicely covering and holding on to the ball, thus preventing looseness of the joint, or a grinding or popping action which could lead to inflammation and pain for the dog. This is the first test where you would hope to score 0, as this means the hips are perfect.
An example of a canine hip (almost) normal, closeup
Dogs can suffer from either one bad hip or both with varying degrees of discomfort. Obviously if the socket and ball are severely misaligned there will be a far greater degree of inflammation, arthritis and therefore pain.
There are many forms of treatment available, including surgery. Your vet will be able to recommend what is most appropriate for your pet. In severe cases vets can remove the top of the femur completely so there is no bone in the hip joint. This can be suitable for smaller animals, with the muscles around the hip then acting as the actual joint. As there is no longer bone rubbing together, there is no inflammation, so long term pain is relieved. The most successful surgery however, is the total hip replacement, where the old diseased joint is removed completely and replaced with an artificial version.
Hip Dysplasia is a regrettable disease mostly derived from man’s domestication and selective breeding of dogs. Be fully aware however, that although it is an extremely painful condition, it is only in the very worse cases that a dog cannot live with hip dysplasia. Dogs, by nature are more resilient in many ways than us humans, they cope with some terrible afflictions with courage and without a solitary trace of self-pity. We, as responsible dog owners should do all that we can to ensure that a dog with hip dysplasia is cared for in as kind a way as possible.
An example of a diseased canine hip joint
Treatment For Hip Dysplasia In Dogs
In far too many cases dysplastic dogs are overweight. Simply reducing the dog’s diet will ease a large amount of stress on the hip joint and keep the dog in better overall health. Exercise and other forms of physical excursion should be kept manageable, with the ethos “little and often” being key.
It may seem harsh to restrict a dog from what they crave to do naturally, roaming for miles on end, running marathon distances every day. But if they could, they would thank you for it in later life.
As with humans, when a dog suffers pain in a particular joint or muscle they will shift the balance to another joint or muscle to compensate. This can very easily lead to problems developing in joints other than just the hips. This means care should be taken of the pet as a whole and not just always concentrated on the hips.
Learning how to give regular stretching exercises will give the dog some relief and added freedom of movement. Seek professional advice from your vet on stretching exercises. Water treatment or hydrotherapy is a fast growing method of treating injured or muscle damaged animals.
Racehorses have used this form of treatment for many years and now there are a wide range of dog friendly hydrotherapy pools at the disposal of pet owners. Again, ask your vet for advice. Drug treatment mainly consists of anti-inflammatories which are available in different forms (oral suspensions, tablets, etc) and work by targeting the inflammation and reducing pain discomfort. Nutraceutical products have also been shown to help lubricate stiff joints and improve the mobility of arthritic animals.
Using complimentary or ‘alternative’ medicines to ease the pain of hip dysplasia should be done on the advice of a suitably qualified expert in the field. Some dog owners have reported great improvements in their dogs after using various complimentary treatments, such as massage, swim treatment, acupuncture etc.
Finally, coping with a dysplastic dog will mean accepting the limitations on the dog’s own lifestyle. Long walks in the park may be a struggle, but this doesn’t mean exercise should be stopped. In fact, shorter walks will actually help to keep the dog’s joints supple and maintain muscle strength. The dog’s weight also needs to be very carefully monitored, this can be achieved through sensible exercise and diet. Dogs don’t have the sort of aversion to hardships as we do so in many cases it is us dog owners that need to make sure our dog is getting the most from life though coping with this terrible disease.

domain: health