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I would like to thank one of our Noodlemantras for sending me this information on the symbolism of horses. I think you all will find some really fascinating connections to TPAOL!
A belief, firmly seated in folk memory throughout the world, associates the horse in the beginning of time with darkness and with the chthonian (of or relating to the underworld) world from which it sprang, cantering, like blood pulsating in the veins, out of the bowels of the Earth or from the depths of the sea. This archetypal horse was the mysterious child of darkness and carrier of both of death and of life, linked as it was to the destructive yet triumphant powers of fire and to the nurturing yet suffocating powers of water. The multitude of symbolic roles which the horse displays derives from that complexity of meaning attaching to all major lunar figures, when imagination associates by analogy Earth, as the mother-figure, with her planet the Moon, water with sexuality, dreams with divination and plant life with its seasonal renewal.
Analysts, too, have made the horse a symbol of ‘unconscious psychosis’ or of the ‘non-human psyche’ (JUNA p312), an archetypal neighbour of the ‘Mother, the world-memory’, or even of time, since it is linked to the ‘major natural clocks’ (DURS p 72); or yet again of the onrush of desire’ (DIES p 305). Day, however, follows night and, in the process, the horse steps out of the darkness from which it came and rises aloft to the very skies, caparisoned in light. Majestically robed in white, the horse is no longer a lunar figure from the Underworld, but a sky or solar creature in the land of kindly gods and heroes – another factor to enlarge the scope of its symbolic meaning. This white, celestial horse stands for the control, mastery and sublimation of the instincts and according to the new system of ethics, is ‘the noblest conquest of mankind’. There is, however, no such thing as permanent victory, and despite this shining image, the horse of darkness continues its hellish gallop deep down in the individual. The horse thus veers from the benign to the malign, for it is no ordinary creature. Carrying men and women on its back, it is their vehicle, their vessel, and its fate is inextricably bound up in theirs. A special dialectic comes into existence between them, fountain of peace or of confrontation on both the psychic and mental planes. In the noonday sun, the horse gallops blindly on, while the horseman, clear-sighted, anticipates its fears and guides it towards its predetermined goal. At night, however, when the horseman himself becomes blind, it is the horse which sees and guides, and it is the horse which takes control, since it alone can with impunity pass through the gates of mystery beyond the reach of reason. Should conflict arise between horse and rider, they may well gallop to madness and death: if they are at one, it will be a triumphal ride. Tradition, ritual, myth, folklore and poetry in their evocation of the horse do no more than give expression to the manifold potential of this subtle interplay.
Creature of darkness & magical power
Tradition and literature from the steppes of central Asia, the land of the shaman and the horseman, have preserved an image of the chthonian horse with mysterious powers which take over at the point where human strength fails, at the point of death. Habituated to the darkness, clairvoyant, it performs the role of guide and intercessor, in other words, of a conductor of souls. In this respect the Kirghiz epic poem, Er-Töshtük, is significant (BORA). Although Töshtük may be the perfect hero, in order to recover his soul, which a wizard has stolen from him, he has in some sense to abdicate his own individuality and trust the paranormal powers of his magic horse, Chal-Kuiruk, which enables him to reach the Underworld and escape all its traps. This Asian Bayard, Chal-Kuiruk, is endowed with human speech and understanding. At the outset of this fantastic ride, it warns its master of the role reversal which will take place: ‘Your chest is broad, but your spirit is narrow. You are heedless. You do not see what I see, you do not know what I know… You are brave but stupid’ (BORA p136, 106). Lastly, to add the finishing touch to its powers, it says: ‘I can walk through the depths of the seas’.
One has only to read this epic poem to gain a deep understanding of some shamanistic traditions. Thus, throughout most of the Altai region, the dead man’s saddle is placed and his horse tethered close to his body to guarantee his last journey (HARA). The Buryat, believing that a sick person had temporarily lost his soul, tethered his horse at his bedside, ‘the horse being the first to perceive the return of the soul and showing it by quivering’ (ELIC p217). When a shaman died, he was laid on his saddle-cloth, with his saddle as a pillow, his reins, bow and arrows placed in his hands (HARA p212).
The Beltir sacrificed the dead man’s horse, so that its soul would guide its master’s, and it is significant that its flesh was then fed to the dogs and birds, themselves conductors of souls and familiar with the transcendent upper and lower worlds. Horse sacrifice was so widespread that it is regarded as one of the key characteristics by which primitive Asian civilization may be recognized (DELC p241). It is in evidence among many Indo-European races and extended in antiquity as far as the Mediterranean. In the Iliad, Achilles sacrifices four horses at the funeral pyre of Patroclus so that they shall carry his friend to the kingdom of Hades. Through its clairvoyance and knowledge of the other world, the horse played a major part in shamanistic ceremonies. The good spirit of the shamans of the Altai region, which accompanies them on their soothsaying journeys, possesses ‘horse’s eyes which enable it to see thirty days’ journey ahead. It watches over mankind and tells the supreme deity of their doings (HARA p112). Most of the adjuncts of the shaman’s trance were related to horses. Thus the skin of the ritual drum, rhythmically beaten to induce trance and bring it to its climax, was more often than not of horse or stag, and Yakut and other tribes expressly called it the ‘shaman’s horse’ (HARA p351). Lastly, shamans often use for their passage into the Otherworld a stick with a carved horse’s head, called the ‘horse-stick’, used, in a way reminiscent of the witch’s broomstick, like a live horse (HARA p333).
Human metamorphoses into horses: possession and death
The key role played by the horse in shamanistic trance rituals naturally leads us to consider the part played by this animal in Dionysiac rites and, more widely, in those of initiation and possession in general. From the outset it becomes all too apparent that in Haitian and African Voodoo and in Ethiopian Zar, just as it had in the ancient mystery religions of Asia Minor, the role reversal between horse and rider, to which we have already briefly referred, is carried to its most extreme conclusion. In all these traditions, man, the possessed, becomes a horse to be ridden by the spirit. In both Haiti and Brazil those possessed by the spirits of Voodoo are expressly termed the ‘horses’ of their Loa. Similarly in Ethiopia when, in the mass dance of the possessed, the ‘wajada, the possessed, identifies with his Zar, he becomes no more than his horse, lifelessly obedient to the whims of the spirit which rides him’ (LEIA p 337). According to Jeanmaire the same ritual, employing the same terms, was practised in Egypt down to the beginning of the present century (JEAD).
The Dionysiac cults of Asia Minor were no exception to what appears to have been a rule. Initiates into their mysteries were said to be ‘ridden’ by the gods. Horse-like figures abound in the train of Dionysus, supreme master of ecstatic worship. The Sileni and satyrs who accompany the Maenads in the Dionysiac rout are part-horse, part-man, just like the centaurs whom the God made drunk, thus causing their battle with Herakles (Hercules) (JEAD, GRID). In legend, the women associated with the Dionysiac orgy, Jeanmaire observes, ‘with remarkable frequency bear names ending in hippe… or epithets which as strongly give rise to horsiness’ (JEAD p285). Hence it is understandable that in Ancient Chinese tradition candidates at the time of their initiation were known as ‘young horses’. Those conducting the initiation, or those who preached new teachings, were known as ‘horse-traders’. To hold a more or less secret initiation ceremony was to ‘unbridle the horses’. If the horse stands for animal elements within the individual, it owe this above all to those powers of instinct which make it seem endowed with second sight. Horse and rider are intimately entwined. The horse teaches its rider: in other words, intuition enlightens reason. The horse imparts secrets: its path is straightforward. Whenever its rider sets it on the wrong path, it can see the ghosts and shadows there. But it risks becoming the Devil’s accomplice.
In the West, the medieval initiation into knighthood has some similarities with horse symbolism, since the horse was privileged to bear the knight on his spiritual quest. In some respects its prototype is the battle between Bellerophon, mounted on Pegasus, and the Chimera.
Thus, having been regarded as seer and conductor of souls, the horse becomes the possessed, a initiate into divine mysteries, who abdicates his own personality so that that of a higher spirit can make itself manifest through it, a passive role indicated by the twofold meaning of ‘to ride’ and ‘to be ridden’. It needs to be observed, at this point, that not all members of the Voodoo pantheon, the Loas who ride whom they possess, are evil. Among the most important Loas are the white Loas, heavenly sky-spirits. Thus the horse, a chthonian symbol, reaches the acme of its positive valence when both the upper and the lower planes are made manifest without distinction through its mediation, that is to say when its significance becomes cosmic.
Horses and death
The negative valence of the chthonian symbol makes the horse a manifestation of the power of the Underworld and of death, on the same plane as the figure with the scythe in Western folklore.
Horses which either foretell or carry death proliferate from Classical Greece to the Middle Ages and spread throughout European folklore. Most death-horses are black, like Charos, the modern Greek death-god, but some are pale, and these are often confused with the white sky-horse, with a completely opposite significance. Although these pale horses are sometimes called white, this must be understood as being the colour of the night, a cold lunar whiteness comprising emptiness and the absence of colour, while the whiteness of day is solar, warm and comprising the sum of all colours. The pale horse is as white as a shroud or a ghost. Its whiteness is akin to the commonest symbolic application of black – mourning. In the Middle Ages biers were called ‘St Michael’s horses’ in France and the horse symbolized the tree of death.
In terms of semantics, Krappe regards this sinister horse, be it black or white, at the root of the French cauchemar or English nightmare. The Mahrt (German ‘mare’ is an evil spirit from the Underworld, as the word indicates (cf. Old Slavonic mora, ‘witch’; Russian mora, ‘ghost’; Polish mora, Czech mura, ‘nightmare’; Latin mors, mortis, ‘death’; Old Irish marah, ‘death, plague’; Lithuanian maras, ‘death, pestilence’; Latvian meris, ‘pestilence’; and the sinister Irish Mor(r)igain) ( KRAM p229). Celtic folklore is haunted by death – or nightmare-horses. The March-Malaen (malaen = malignus, Latin) was one of the three scourges of the Isle of Britain; Scottish kelpies are horselike water demons, and Breton folklore is full of tales and stories of diabolical horses which lead travellers astray or dash them into quagmires.
Driving force of the libido
Once past puberty, the young man takes the horse as the symbol, in the fullest sense of the term, of what Paul Diel calls the ‘driving force of the libido’, with all that this implies in terms of fire, fruitfulness and warm-heartedness. As a symbol of strength, of the creative forces, and of youth, and acquiring a sexual as well as a spiritual valence, the horse now shares symbolically in both the chthonian and celestial planes. This would incline us to evoke the white horse, in its shining, solar aspect, but it is interesting to observe, in passing, that there are two aspects of the black horse as well. In Russian popular poetry what we have hitherto regarded as exclusively a death-horse becomes a symbol of youth and the triumph of the life force. These are the black horses which, in fairy stories, are harnessed to wedding-coaches; they are thus the horses of the libido set free.
The Horses of the Sun
Although its origins were in the Underworld, the horse gradually became a creature of the Heavens and the Sun. In the light of the foregoing it is striking to observe the Uralo-Altaic belief that the sacred marriage of Earth and Heaven was accomplished by the coupling of the White Stallion and the Dun Cow, the stallion being a manifestation of the sky-god (ROUF pp 343-4).
In Buddhist, as well as in Hindhu texts and in Greek writers under Plato’s influence, horses are above all else symbols of the senses harnessed to the chariot of the spirit and controlled by the Self who is the charioteer. In the same way, the teachings of Bardo are said to be like ‘the bridle which controls the horse’s mouth’. There is more of a hint of the symbolism of Pegasus here. This context provides an example, not only of all winged horses, but also of the association of horse and bird, of which mythology and tradition offer countless examples, always in a solar or celestial context – for example, in the Rig-Veda, where the sun is either a stallion or bird (ELLITp 144). In a further development of these interlinked analogies, the horse’s liveliness often makes it, in the celestial sense of the symbol, a manifestation of the wind.
The Horse Majestic
The white horse of the Sun, drawing the Sun-god’s chariot, becomes an image of that beauty gained when the spirit (the Charioteer) controls the senses. Generally it is ridden by him whom the Book of Revelation (19:11) calls Faithful and True, that is by Christ. St. John goes on to describe the heavenly host mounted on white chargers and this is why, in medieval iconography, angels are depicted on horseback.
This whole process of ascension culminates in the figure of the majestic white horse, the steed of heroes, saints and spiritual victors. All great Messianic figures ride such horses. Thus in Hinduism Kalkin, the future avatar (incarnation) of the god Vishnu, will be a white horse; while at his expected second coming, the Prophet Muhammed will also be riding a white horse. Lastly the white horse which the Buddha rode at the Great Departure, riderless, stands for the Buddha himself.
To conclude, it would seem as if the horse were one of those basic archetypes firmly embedded in folk-memory. Its symbolism encompasses both poles of the cosmos, the upper and the lower, and hence it is truly universal. In the chthonian world of the lower pole we have seen how the horse stands as an avatar or friend of the three elements which it comprises, Fire, Earth and Water, and of the Moon which gives it light. At the same time we have seen how the horse is associated with the three elements which comprise the celestial world of the upper pole, Air, Fire and Water and of the Sun which gives it light. On the pediment of the Parthenon, horses draw the chariots of both the Sun and the Moon. The horse passes as easily from day to night and back again, as from life to death and from the active to the passive role. It therefore links these opposites in continuous manifestation. Essentially the horse is manifestation, life and continuity, overriding the discontinuity of our lives and deaths. Its powers are beyond comprehension, it partakes of the miraculous and it is therefore easy to see why mankind should in prehistoric and historic times so often have made it holy. Only one creature in the symbolic bestiary of Nature surpasses it in subtlety – the serpent.
Equestrian statues or portraits inflate the importance of the conquering hero and are symbols of his triumph and his glory, for just as he has subdued his charger, so he has overcome the forces set against him. They display his ascent into the Paradise of the gods, heroes and the elect, like the famous vision of the Prophet Muhammad on his mare Borak, led by Gabriel and with a retinue of angels to the foot of God’s very throne. They may then partake of spiritual significance such as the accomplishment of the holy word or the attainment of perfection. Special signs sometimes distinguish the horse, its harness or caparison and also the horseman, his dress, distinguishing marks or arms. They lay bare a complete philosophy of which the following is a little-known but strangely rich example.
Most striking among Dogon equestrian carvings are those of Orosongo, horseman of the skies. Marcel Griaule regards this as an illustration of an episode in the myth of the Ark, which came down from Heaven with the originals of all living things.
As is the case with all images charged with hidden meanings, any symbolic interpretation of the horseman must take into account every least detail of his depiction. From being an expression of military or spiritual triumph, the image of the horseman came to signify perfect mastery of self and of the powers of nature. Jung, however, maintains that in modern art the opposite is true and that the image of the horseman, instead of expressing tranquillity, now expresses ‘tormenting fear’ and a measure of despairing panic in the face of forces over which the individual or the consciousness has lost control. The interpretation of symbols must include all these different meanings, provided that they comply with actual experience.
BORA: Boratev, Pertev, Aventures merveilleuses sous Terre, et ailleurs de
Er-Töshvük le géant des steppes, 1965
DELC: Delebecque, Edouard Le cheval dans l’Iliade,
DIES: Diel, Paul, La symbolisme dans la mythologie Grecque, 1966
DOND: Dontenville, Henri, Les rites et récits de la mythologie française
DONM: Dontenville, Henri, La mythologie française, 1948
DURS: Durand, Gilbert, Les structures anthropologiques de l’imaginaire,
ELIC: Eliade, Mircea, Shamanism, 1964
ELIT: Eliade, Mircea, Patterns in Comparative Religion, 1958
FRAG: Frazer, J.-G, The Golden Bough, A Study in Magic and Religion,
GRID: Grimal, Pierre, Dictionaire de la mythologie grecque et romaine, 1963
HARA: Harva, Uno, Les representations religisieuses des
Peoples altäiques, 1959
JEAD: Jeanmaire, H, Dionysus, histoire du culte de Bacchus, 1951
JUNA: Jung, CG: Psychology and Alchemy,1968
KRAM: Krappe, Alexandre H, La genèse des myths, 1952
LEIA: Leiris, Michel L’Afrique fantôme, 1934
ROUF: Roux, Jean-Paul, Faune et Flore sacrees dans les sociétés altaïques,
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But we cannot deny that the end result is great once you get the hang of it. Being an all-in-one platform, WordPress has its pros and cons. If you are focused on a specific purpose then too much of WordPress features might just get you all jumbled up. So today we wanted to give out options that are similar in features but are concentrated more on a specific purpose like blogging, eCommerce, or simply website creation!
Thx for your article Colin 🙂 As u said Joomla is great for an intranet-like web site. I made a lot of knowledge bases and a bunch of intranets with Joomla and since 1.6 version, new ACL Management helped a lot i must say. I found out very lately about WP and i think it’s like going Mac after a long period of Windows struggling (kind of). Anyway there is also a very good database based/self hosted CMS which deserves IMHO some interest: MODx. Not very well known but probably the most flexible CMS when it comes to templating. You literally design your website in Photoshop, export the HTML then put wherever you want some snippets and Boom! Incredible tool. Learning curve is however longer than Drupal, Joomla or WP obviously. WP ecosystem and simplicity out of the box + universality made it the winner. Just a thought 🙂 thx again for sharing.
As you work with your site, the Squarespace interface offers a number of helpers, such as their logo maker, curated color palettes based on the design you’ve selected, or easy typography customizations and global font settings. You can also switch between layouts pretty easily. And when you’re ready, you can register a new domain for your site and get it launched to the world.
Although not so popular among the users, Craft CMS is an effective content management system. Some major examples of this are Netflix and Salesforce websites. It is a much more complex and developer friendly CMS platform that provides exclusive back-ends for your websites. Unlike WordPress, it does not provide front-end themes that you can use. Instead, you can use their templating system that is powered by Twig to design it yourself.
Why You Shouldn't Use WordPress! And Why WordPress is Bad
But even if you’re not that into technology, you don’t have to go without a website of your own. Website builders such as Wix, Squarespace or Weebly offer a wide range of advantages, but it’s important to choose the right provider! Switching providers is difficult once your website is up and running because every platform uses its own system, and these systems are usually not compatible with other website builders.
Start from scratch or choose from over 500 designer-made templates to make your own website. With the world’s most innovative drag and drop website builder, you can customize or change anything. Make your site come to life with video backgrounds, scroll effects and animation. With the Wix Editor, you can create your own professional website that looks stunning.
I agree with you that Pulse CMS offers an interesting way to go, without databases. Before moving all my sites to WP over the past two years, I had always felt reluctant to use databases: but testing WP had convinced me to go ahead. Although I do not use it at this point (I played a little bit with previous versions), I bought a Pulse CMS license, if only in order to support that interesting project. I do not rule out using it for a site some day, at least experimentally.
Larger businesses spend many thousands of dollars to get their custom-designed and programmed sites, but there's no need for smaller organizations and individuals to go to that kind of expense. For about $10 per month (or around $25 if you're selling products) and a few hours of your time, the services included here can help you create a unique, attractive website.
More-advanced options found in some builders let you process credit card payments and add your own cart and checkout pages. The more-powerful site builders include product promotions, email marketing, and inventory and shipping tools. Some let you sell digital downloads, while others don't; see the table above to find out which do. Only a couple of these builders let you put ads on your site, though most of them allow some degree of custom HTML code insertion.
Responsive design is a popular web design strategy used by some of these site builders. This approach reformats the same webpage content to fit different screens. But in terms of SEO (search engine optimization), the search engines only care about whether a site displays suitably on mobile screen sizes. Both Bing and Google have pages where you can enter your URL to see if your site plays on mobile acceptably.
When it comes to WordPress, an all-in-one platform for website creation, blogging, content management and more, there are very few that competes. That being said, it has its advantages and disadvantages. Especially when it comes to a specific purpose focused project or site creation, sometimes less is more. And although WordPress is the first choice of millions all over the world, sometimes we cannot help but wonder, are there any alternatives?
Sure, Squarspace isn’t that cheap. But there are NO hidden fees or complicated stuff. Trust me, I’ve tried everything, but they are all disappointing. Squarespace has not suspended me or those stupid rules other site builders have. You’ve got to pay more to do some advanced stuff like coding but there is always a workaround. It’s the best platform I have ever found!
Another of the WordPress competitors, Kentico, is a user-friendly, highly adaptable offering. It requires minimal coding to yield any number of customizations and functionalities. Digital marketers and tech enthusiasts flock to Kentico because it is fully APS-integrated (an open-source framework that allows for building apps in several programming languages in tandem) and lets you integrate with Google from the start.
WHICH IS BETTER: Squarespace vs. Wordpress


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Ruler Foods opens today
Wednesday, February 09, 2011 10:00 AM
After being closed for nearly two weeks, the former Madison JayC food store reopened at 9 a.m. today as a Ruler Foods store.
RULER OPENS: The doors to the new Ruler Foods store opened today after the transition from being a JayC grocery store. (Staff photo by Ken Ritchie)
The Madison JayC Store closed on Jan. 28, one day earlier than the date that was given by JayC corporate officials. The corporation closed the Madison, Princeton and eastern Bedford JayC locations and reopened them as Ruler Foods stores. The Princeton and Bedford stores will open next week.
Ruler Foods is described by the Jay C Corp. as a discount and value chain of the company's food stores. Ruler Foods, like JayC food stores, are owned by the Kroger Co. The Ruler chain has locations in Salem and Mitchell as well.
The store's advertisement in The Madison Courier said the store is "carrying on the Madison tradition of Indiana's finest fried chicken."
The store also differs from its predecessor by having customers bagging and carrying their own groceries and renting a cart for 25 cents. The rental fee is returned to the customer when they return the cart inside the store.
The store will be open from 9 a.m. to 8 p.m. Monday through Saturday and from 10 a.m. to 5 p.m. Sunday. Cash, person checks, Quest cards, WIC and major credit cards will be accepted at the store.

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Meet The Dirty Dozen: 2016 Ragnar, Austin
Christi Miller – TX
I’m 34 and as a profession I work in receiving at Barefoot Athletics (with Kristin) and I teach hot yoga twice a week.
I never considered myself to be athletic. I was lazy, never running, never working out. After years of feeling like crap, I joined a gym (yes, I was a New Years’ Resolution gym joiner:) ) After a few months, I signed up for my VERY first 5K. I was petrified. How the hell was I going to run 3+ MILES?? I started training. My goal was to finish and not walk. I trained for a month! The day came and I FINISHED. I finished in just under 30 minutes. I was ecstatic.
Fast forward about a year, I have a few more 5ks under my belt, join Camp Gladiator, and sign up for the Spartan BEAST (12-15 mile obstacle course). Why I decided to sign up for the most difficult one first, I have no idea. Again, I was petrified. The day came and it was FREEZING (40 degrees with a strong north wind, chill factor 20 degrees). I had a great team with me, so that made me a little more at ease. We hit the start line together and take off. Somehow in the shuffle of the crowd, I get separated from my team after a couple of miles. I am alone. I end up finishing the last 12 miles or so by myself (surrounded by extremely helpful and encouraging fellow racers). I vowed that I would never do that again. It was the hardest thing I had ever done and I did it by myself. Covered in mud, scratches and bruises, I’d never felt better (even though I could barely move the next day). Since then, I have fallen in love with obstacle racing, and I do as many as I can afford (3-4 a year). The feeling of accomplishment when running through that finish line can’t be beat. Plus, they are a LOT of fun! I’ve even managed to rope a few newbies into doing races, my sister and nephew will be joining me for their first Spartan Race in a couple of weeks.
This year, I will be adding a new accomplishment…Ragnar. I am scared, excited and nervous. Training for this run hasn’t been easy, I’ve gotten discouraged and wanted to quit a time or two. I am now looking forward to it and have even thought of signing up for more road races in the future, not just OCRs.
I am super excited to meet everyone and accomplish something a few short years ago I NEVER thought I’d do. My friends and boyfriend think I’ve lost my mind (again) but I know this is going to be great!
Nancy Shelton- TX
Iowa born and bred. My heart is still there.
Began running high school cross country in 1972 when girls were first allowed in sports. We paid for all our own uniforms and meets, no school support at that time.
Moved to Texas, raised four fabulous children, while obtaining my Bachelor of Science in nursing. Have been an RN for 24 wonderful years. It is truly my life’s calling.
Running has been part of my life since high school and has been the common thread keeping my sanity through many of life’s transitions including a divorce, remarriage, loss of my house in a wildfire, loss of my parents just months apart and the arrival of many grandchildren.
I ran my first marathon in 2000 at age 46 and my second one a year later. I’ve ridden my bike across Iowa (About 500 miles) twice with my youngest sister (the second time with our families). I’ve ridden the Hotter’n Hell Hundred bike ride in Texas (in August, of course) and twice finished the 100 miles in one day. My first sprint triathlon was at age 58 in 2013, winning my age group (it gets easier as you get older! Less competition).
Heath and I have shared most of the above running and biking events. Even tho I am his mother, I would have to say he is my vote for the most inspiring, talented athlete with the persistence he puts into his training and the encouragement he has always given me to keep participating. We love to talk about nutrition, running schedules and the next event. Now we can add a Ragnar Relay to the list of our adventures. It keeps us both going.
Erin Freel Mann – FL – Team Captain
I’ve been having an intimate love affair with running for three years. Not quite sure how I existed the previous 39 years of my life without it. In April of 2013 I weighed 239 lbs. In a year and a half, thanks in part to running, I lost 100 lbs. I eventually published my very private journal of that journey into a book that’s now on Amazon called Fat to Fit at 40. The funny thing is I’ve always been an athlete. Ok, maybe I never looked like an athlete, or trained or ate like one, but in my heart I knew she was in there.
My most humiliating race was when I was 12 years old. It was a track meet in Orlando. My dad signed me up. I had no business being on the start line. I was chubby and definitely not a runner, but it sounded fun and my dad and I are cut from the same adventure cloth. After 2 laps on the track the other kids were lapping me. Once I finished there was a huge cheer. What I didn’t realize is that they were cheering because I was finally done and they could start the next race. Everyone was hoping I would quit, BUT I DIDN’T!
Fast forward 30 years and the mind and body finally match. I’ve competed in triathlons and marathons and now this very special Ragnar race. On October 9, I’ll compete in Ironman Louisville, a goal I’ve had for some time now. The race is a 2.4 mile swim, 112 mile bike ride and 26.2 mile run. There is a twinge of regret that I didn’t take care of my body for a number of years, but it gives me great satisfaction and encouragement during these triathlons to see athletes who are 70 and 80 years old still competing and loving life. Age means nothing to me. Health means everything. I plan to take care of this body and not take another day of health and wellness for granted. I whole-heartedly believe wealth is the first wealth!
When I’m not training I actually do work. I started a company called The Market Place 16 years ago (fellow runner Becky Raulerson helped me with this endeavor). It’s centered around my first love and passion of agriculture. We do agricultural marketing specializing in web design, video production and special events for the ag industry. I’m a proud Florida Gator, married to my sweet husband Rob and we have three miniature dachshunds. Oh, and my three nieces are the light of my life.
Heath Brosi – TX
First off, I’m really honored to be on this team with my awesome Mom (Nancy Shelton) and amazing cousin and team captain Erin. I could not pass up this opportunity when Erin asked me to join.
I have been running since middle school and it truly makes me feel alive. I have run 5Ks, 10Ks, Halfs, and a few full marathons and enjoy them all. One notable race was the Boston Marathon last year when I had my family supporting and cheering me on at the finish in very crummy weather. I ran my first marathon at age 19 in Dallas and have been hooked on long distance running since. I have also done a couple triathlons and a lot of Century rides(including the Hotter n Hell Hundred with my Mom). While running will always be my big athletic passion, cooking for others is my other passion in life as well as my current profession. In 2012 I transitioned from a 9 year career in telecom engineering to the world of food. My wife and I moved from Dallas, TX where we grew up so I could attend culinary school in beautiful Boulder, Colorado. I have been working in catering and Whole Foods Market kitchens since then. What I really miss most about Colorado is running the trails on the foothills of the Rocky Mountains.
Last year I celebrated 6 years with my wife Michelle (also a longtime runner) and had our first girl Malina in July. Since then my best running partner has been Malina in our Bob stroller. This Ragnar will be my first running relay race and I’m really looking forward to the challenge!
Trey Warnock – TX
I was born in Plant City, FL in May 1985 to some really cool, Jesus lovin folks and 1 sister who is a crazy somebody (in a good way…ahem). Went to the University of Florida and tried to major in being a cowboy but that course of study was not officially offered at the time so I had to settle for Animal Science. In the meantime, I became a brother of the Alpha Gamma Rho fraternity and started living on a steady diet of beer, weird frat house food, Joe’s Deli, Zaxby’s and Super China Buffet…so I kinda weighed like 3 plus! Moved to Benjamin TX for an internship in Jan 2006 and figured out that more work and less “collegiate life” = less of me. Additionally, in 2006 I awkwardly began running and found that I loved it!…so now I don’t kinda weigh 3 plus…which is cool. Left Gainesville America in 2010 with a BS and MS…headed to College Station TX to pursue a PhD in Ruminant Nutrition…I might have become a little distracted and decided I liked trading, growing, feeding and thinking about cattle better so never finished the PhD…really enjoyed the experience though! I now live in the TX panhandle where there is always a gentle-ish breeze and usually something that smells real funny in that breeze. I am way blessed with the opportunity to get up every day and pursue God, work alongside some wildly talented men/women and do life with a crew of really cool friends…not to mention I get to run!
Todd Hingson – FL
So, I’m not a runner. I have lifted weights most of my life, but genetically I’m a skinny guy, so I’ve never really had to do cardio. It’s a blessing and a curse. Goal to do more cardio for health reasons. Goal to run a half marathon (I’ve got a long way to go). I’m here because I do whatever Erin tells me to do. About me… I’m a lawyer (civil plaintiff’s personal injury / auto accident attorney aka “ambulance chaser”). I used to have a more noble profession; I was a Prosecutor. I grew up on a tobacco farm in north central Florida in a small town called Live Oak (it’s “Way Down Upon the Suwannee River”). I attended undergrad at UF and am a HUGE Gator Basketball and Football fan (yes, I know we’ve sucked as of late). I live in Tampa now. It’s a fantastic city (you should visit)! I met Erin through our involvement in FFA. We served as Florida State FFA Officers together in 1991-92. She made me look good! We met the President together and were pictured on the cover of the National FFA Magazine! It’s a cool story! I served as a National FFA Officer the following year (I was way better than Brady). I have two amazing kids (Ellie is 13 and Drew is 11). I am gay and have been on a lifelong journey to find peace with that and my faith. I’m finally there. 🙂 I enjoy going to the gym, sports (again Go Gators), traveling and spending time with my friends and family. Bucket List items for the near future: Sky Dive and Bungee Jump from a tall bridge. Oh, btw I’m afraid of heights. Let’s do this!
Becky Raulerson – FL
Hi. I’m Becky. I’m new to being 40 years old and I’m runner #11. I’m a skinny, non-athletic farm girl by birth, mixed with a little city. I grew up in what I call the 850 (the area code for the Florida Panhandle) in a little town called Bonifay in Holmes County, FL. I was in 4-H and FFA and was active in all that that entailed. I was never encouraged to play sports and so I never did. I tried out for cheerleading once and made first alternate…almost but not really is what that means. My senior year, I decided to join the track team. I couldn’t run fast, but I could run, and running track did not require catching anything or throwing it back. That sums up my sports experience.
I served as a state FFA officer the year after high school and then went on to the University of Florida as a freshman. While there, I joined a sorority (AOII), got tapped for Florida Blue Key, served on student government, led several undergraduate student organizations and met who I thought was the love of my life.
I finished my BS in Ag Communications in 3.5 years, and after completing an internship with Dow AgroSciences, started graduate school. I earned a master’s in ag education, worked for the Food and Resource Economics Department as a student recruiter, and worked for Novartis Animal Health as a sales rep for two years. All of this while staying pretty skinny, never “working out” ever.
Then I got pregnant and had my son Zeb, weighing almost 200 pounds still six weeks after his c-section birth. We moved to Maitland, had a baby, and I quit working all at one time. One day, while wallowing in my own sorrow, I watched an episode of Dr. Phil on his “7 Keys to Weight Loss Freedom” book. I read the book and within six months, and after just walking and burning it up on an elliptical machine, I weighed 129 pounds again. Yay! But no… what?! I’m what?! Pregnant again, unplanned. So I watched every calorie and continued cardio. I had my baby girl 15 months later via c-section again. I got back down to 130 much faster that time.
A lot of stuff happened between then and 2015, but to summarize, I raised kids, gained weight, lost weight, gained weight, found kickboxing, weight training (CrossFit), running (mostly fun 5Ks), Zumba (became a certified instructor), lost weight, gave my kidney (named Alberta) to my best friend from childhood (Candi), gained weight, became divorced, gained more weight, and now I’m running this Ragnar Relay thing because I trust Erin Freel Mann.
I’m slow…super slow, but like to have a good time. My philosophy on fitness is not to compete as an athlete but to take care of what God gave me the best that I can. On Saturday, April 16, I will be celebrating my one-year transplantiversary! Fortunately, Alberta is rocking it still and Candi pees like she’s supposed to now. So I’m going to run my little (well really it’s big now) tush off for that reason! Happy Ragnar’ing Dirty Dozen! So honored to be a part of this team!
Kristin Dupre – TX
I am a 35 year old county girl, who loves to spend time with her friends and family. I live on a 220 acre farm where we raise cattle. I work at a company called Barefoot where I sell custom Tshirts full time. I also coach, play and ref club volleyball. I have a beautiful 13 year old daughter who motivates me to be the best mom I can be by setting a healthy, hard working, example for her to live by.
I love all of my jobs and my life is pretty fantastic, which is why I am pretty much always in a good mood. I am a simple person with a love for the outdoors. I love new adventures and challenges to keep me going. I will try anything once…and my friends say that I am the most random person they have ever met.
Living Free Is the Only Way To Live
Jim Blake Childers – TX
I was born and grew up in Canyon, Texas (just south of Amarillo) in the Texas Panhandle. I graduated from Canyon High (CHS #1) in 1995; while in school I ran cross country and track. I also played basketball. After high school I went to Texas Tech (Wreck’em Tech!) in Lubbock. I went there for 2 years then transferred to West Texas A&M (Go Buffs Go!).
I graduated from WT with a BBA in Finance. While in college I worked as summer camp counselor/staff member at Camp Champions. Camp Champions is located near Marble Falls on Lake LBJ and is about 1 hour west of Austin. What is unique about Camp Champions for our relay is that one of the founders of the camp is also the guy that put Luckenbach, TX on the map (which we all will run/stop by outside of Fredericksburg). His name is Hondo Crouch. Other founders of the Camp were Texas football coach Darrell Royal and Pete Runnels who played with Ted Williams on the Boston Red Sox way back in the day. I’m name-dropping at this point – sorry. Moving on, shall we.
Okay, so I have been working in the banking business for over a decade here in Amarillo Metroplex. I also work at Get Fit, which is a running specialty store to help fit people with the correct running shoes. I’m still finding out what I want to do when I grow up. This will be my 2nd Ragnar Relay. My first (also with Trey Warnock) was up in Colorado. I am a proud uncle of Sarah Jo, Kell and Will. Their ages are 13, 10 and 7. I made a very bold goal to run a marathon in every state (50 marathons 50 states) last year. Right now I have 5 states under my belt – so I have to get after it! Also, my goal is to retire rich – so we will see how that all plays out!
Connor McGuire – TX
Born on March 2nd 1992 (24 years old), I grew up in Pasadena, TX., or as it is known by the locals, Stinkadena, due to the large number of refineries. My Mom and Dad are both avid runners and therefore I spent most evenings being pushed through the neighborhood in a baby jogger. Not long after that I began my love hate relationship with running. I walked on to the junior high cross country and didn’t do much more than that. It wasn’t until 9th grade that I decided to take on a half marathon. I ran it with my Dad and it is one of the most memorable moments of my life.
After that I was hooked I ran on the high school track and cross country team, I grew to hate running, but hated it even more if I missed a day. After high school I went off to school at Texas A&M university, yes it’s a cult, no I’ve never actually sawed the horns off of a longhorn. Here during freshman orientation I met my girlfriend, although we wouldn’t go on to date until the end of senior year. We remained close friends through college and leaned on each other for support through the roller coaster, she tried to tutor me in calculus, but I was pretty hopeless. I took a break from running in college as other recreational activities seemed to take priority. I got into lifting and gained about 40 pounds; 30 in muscle and 10 in beer.
After finding my self in college and developing a passion/direction, I declared my major, Industrial Distribution (you didn’t need calc 3). My time at Texas A&M really shaped me; it taught me how to deal with adversity and take risks. College was truly some of the best and worst years of my life to date. I graduated in 2014 and went on to work for Lockheed Martin in Fort Worth, Texas. Since then I have gotten back into running in a big way. I lost the 40 pounds gained in college and run to keep my self ‘sane’ after long days at work. I love to compete in races or else I wouldn’t be doing this crazy thing with you all.
Bonus Points; I love my family, I love traveling, being outdoors is my favorite, I have been skiing since the age of five and don’t plan to stop. I’m an airplane nerd. My idea of a crazy night is binge watching Netflix with Pei Wei.
Brady Revels – NE
I’m Brady Revels from Elkhorn, Nebraska, just outside of Omaha. I grew up on a farm in central Florida and spent the first 22 years of my life doing as little exercise as possible outside of wrangling show steers or dairy cows.
I went to the University of Florida, Go Gators, graduating in 2010 with a degree in agricultural education. I started right after with Eli Lilly and Company selling animal health products for their Elanco Animal Health Division. This brought me to Nebraska where I work with feed yards and veterinarians in northeast Nebraska.
I love to travel, having visited 48 states and 19 countries. I’m also pretty passionate about the beef industry and never turn down a good Malbec or a decent cigar. I’m also a lot younger than Todd Hingson.
Jillian Hays – TX
I grew up in the suburbs of Houston into a family with zero athletic abilities. I moved to Austin for college and got my bachelors in Chemical Engineering. I ran the Austin half in 2007 after being tricked by a friend into training with her. After graduating I moved to Amarillo and have now been here for 5 yrs mainly working at two different refineries.
I stay involved with things around town but enjoy the chance to travel and commit to things I’m ill equipped for. This will be my second trip to Austin this year. I have been told repeatedly that this whole Ragnar thing will be fun so I have high expectations. Also, I hate writing bios but probably like talking too much.

domain: hobby


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Understanding The Electoral College [VIDEO]
The presidential election maybe over, but the raw emotion that some are feeling is very much alive. Protesting is a healthy way to express discontent, as long as it's peaceful.
I can't help but feel that some of the people that are protesting might not understand how our election process works. Actually a lot of people on both sides of the political realm don't understand it. The electoral college is confusing, but once you understand why our forefathers put it into action then it makes more sense.
This video below explains our Electoral College and why it's important to our election process.
The great thing about this nation is our forefathers also made sure that we will be okay. Checks and Balances...remember that? Do you remember when President Obama was elected and people were saying "Oh no! He's too liberal! Our country will go down the drain!"...Well, it didn't. It went in a direction that some people didn't like but...our country is still intact.
Love him or hate him, Donald Trump is the President Elect. President Obama said yesterday he wants him to succeed, because if he succeeds our country succeeds. In the end, isn't that really what we all want?

domain: sociology


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Deramaxx 100 mg, 90 Chewable Tablets is a prescription non-steroidal, anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) for dogs that is used to treat pain and inflammation. NSAIDs like Deramaxx work by inhibiting cyclooxygenase (COX-2) enzymes that prompt inflammation and pain. Beef-flavored tablets make it easy to administer to dogs.
- Beef-flavored tablets for easy administration
- Manages the symptoms of osteoarthritis and hip dysplasia
- Effective treatment for dental discomfort and pain caused by dental procedures
- Manufacturer information and usage
Deramaxx has helped my dog so much. I am so thankful for the product and for VetDepot.
This information is for general reference only and should not be used for the diagnosis or treatment of any condition of your pet. Because is intended as a general reference, this information may not include all possible uses, precautions, directions, reactions (including allergic), drug interactions, or withdrawal times. Always consult your local veterinarian and have your pet examined for any advice concerning the diagnosis and treatment of your pet, including which products and doses are most appropriate. Any trademarks are the property of their respective owners. VetDepot is not a pharmacy. All prescription products are dispensed by our Pharmacy Partner.

domain: medical


text: HAMDEN, Conn. – This week, RISE (Responsible Industry for a Sound Environment) teamed up with Lyme Connection, a community-based organization offering tick-borne disease prevention programming, to talk with residents in Connecticut about creating a safe, pest-free outdoor environment at Plant Science Day. The free, public event, hosted by the Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station (CAES) at Lockwood Farm in Hamden, Connecticut, supports awareness around the importance of maintaining healthy outdoor spaces. RISE and Lyme Connection handed out educational materials, including a flier about the importance of safely eradicating unwanted insects and plants such as ticks, mosquitoes and poison ivy. Team members taught visitors how to identify these pests as the first defense against Lyme disease and West Nile virus and spoke to them about choosing the right product for the problem, and using it correctly by reading and following all label instructions. In addition, RISE handed out a poster with the latest information on identifying common invasive species found in the Northeastern United States. For the youngsters in attendance, RISE shared a children’s book titled “What’s Bugging You?” by Raymond Bial that teaches kids about identifying common pests around their homes.

domain: biology


Home / Indoor Carpet / smart cheap green indoor outdoor carpet with awesome design / Grass Turf Rhamazoncom Amazoncom Cheap Green Indoor Outdoor Carpet Uxu Artificial Grass Turf Rhamazoncom Designsrhhughcabotcom Designsrhhughcabotcom.jpg
adelaide caouette Indoor Carpet June 18th, 2018 - 17:48:48
Another kind of indoor carpet underlay is bonded polyurethane chips underlay made out of recycled furniture. Nimbus underlays can be cleaned and handled easily and cirrus underlays act as a good heat and sound insulator. So if you are an environmentalist it will work best for your home by keeping the noise down during the cold weather. It really cant get better than this! A pile is usually made of wool or fiber that consists the twisted tufts of the carpets that are treated to remain they way it should be. An indoor outdoor carpet is a floor cover that is made of textile that serves an upper layer or "pile" which is attached to another layer or backing that is also considered as the base that supports the "pile". There are carpets which are used inside buildings houses and other business establishments. However there are also those designed for areas outside these structures such as open spaces for special occasions. Basically a carpet is commonly made through four basic ways. These are woven needlefelt knotted and tufted.
Carpeted common corridors in condominiums often have stylized borders and irregularly shaped hallways that require several carpet panels to be seamed together to complete the installation. The manner in which carpet seams are expected to be constructed has changed dramatically over the last five years. Unfortunately no one seems to have informed the carpet installers. There is just no mechanism in the industry that keeps the carpet installers and retailers informed on industry changes. According to the Carpet and Rug Institutes Standard for Carpet Installation 2011 glued down carpet is supposed to have all cut edges seam sealed with a thermo plastic adhesive or something similar.
Carpet in high traffic areas of the home such as halls and stairways can be problematic if you dont make the right choices. A tough hard wearing carpet is a must. When youre buying a carpet the hard wearing ones will be clearly marked but if in doubt ask your retailer. Even if youre buying your carpets online dont forget that you can still ask questions. Any good online retailer will soon reply to your emails and will answer your phone calls promptly. You should also consider colour in these high traffic areas. You may have to compromise for the sake of longevity. You may have your heart set on a pale cream hall carpet to brighten up your dingy entrance way but in reality youll be spending so much time trying to keep it clean that youll probably wish youd gone for something a little darker. Halls get a lot of wear and tear especially if you have a large family. A dark or mid coloured carpet with a pattern is the best for not showing the dirt.
Olefin is both stain and moisture resistant. Most outdoor carpet made from Olefin is UV resistant as well which helps the carpet retain its colors. There are several different grades of outdoor carpeting available. The cheapest (economy grade) is the classic grassy green looking stuff that I mentioned earlier. Economy grade outdoor carpet is suitable for application underneath covered outdoor areas such as patios. Its also the cheapest outdoor carpet. High grade grass carpet is a step up from the economy grade and can be applied in fully exposed outdoor areas. We highly recommend selecting a high grade grass carpet with a marine backing if the area youll be installing it in will receive even moderate amounts of moisture.


text: Becky Lowrey, a Gold Star mother whose son died when his helicopter was shot down in Iraq, followed. "We cannot be ignored this time," she said, citing the coalition gathered at the protest and national opposition to the war. "We say to Congress: End this war. And do not allow this president to bomb Iran. ... Congress should listen to the seven soldiers of the 82nd Airborne who wrote in the New York Times ... to the generals who have spoken out against this war ... to the peace community... The lesson learned from Vietnam should be that half of the soldiers killed in Vietnam were killed after the generals knew the war was lost."


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Don’t forget to check out our other stocking stuffer featuring our Peppermint Bliss Dental Chews (grain free) and our beautifully gift wrapped holiday baskets.
Wheat, corn, soy free. Contains a natural bacon flavor.
Made in the USA
**Sold in 10 piece bundles
Feed as a snack or delightful treat. Not intended as a meal replacement.
Ingredients: chickpea, pea flour, coconut glycerin, pork, tapioca flour, brewers yeast, molasses, salt, cheese flavor, citric acid, bacon flavor, sorbic acid
Guaranteed Analysis: Crude Protein (min.) 13.0%, Crude Fat (min.) 2.0%, Crude Fiber (max.) 8.0%, Moisture (max.) 20.0%.

domain: food


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They are more likely to initiate a hunt, and hunts rarely occur in their absence, according to a new study. The findings, which appear in the current issue of Animal Behaviour, shed light on how and why some animals cooperate to hunt for food, and how individual variation among chimpanzees contributes to collective predation.
The study was led by Ian Gilby, a postdoctoral researcher in the Department of Anthropology in Harvard’s Faculty of Arts and Sciences, with Lynn Eberly of the University of Minnesota and Richard Wrangham, Ruth Moore Professor of Biological Anthropology at Harvard.
Chimpanzees live in communities of 40 to 150, within which fluid subgroups of changing size and composition form. While their diet is largely ripe fruit, chimpanzees also prey upon red colobus monkeys, which are agile and live in the trees. For this study, the researchers followed the hunting patterns of 11 adult males over more than a decade, among which two chimpanzees were identified as impact hunters. The chimpanzees that were studied live in Kanyawara, in Kibale National Park, Uganda.
“Our findings show that while hunting among chimpanzees is a group process, these individual males have a strong effect on whether or not others decide to hunt,” says Gilby. “They have a strong catalytic effect on the decision to hunt. When a party of chimpanzees encounters a troop of red colobus, the impact hunters tend to be the first to hunt. By doing so, they dilute the prey’s defenses, thereby reducing the costs of hunting for other chimpanzees. Hunts rarely occurred in the absence of the impact males.”
If all chimpanzees were equally skilled at hunting, the addition of any given chimpanzee to a party would increase the likelihood of hunting. However, this did not appear to be the case; it was the addition of these two impact hunters that increased hunting likelihood. It is not entirely clear what special qualities these chimpanzees might posses that would contribute to their role in hunting groups. Of the two impact hunters one was the alpha male, but one was not particularly high-ranking or outstanding in terms of physical appearance. What appears to be significant is that these particular chimpanzees display a unique willingness to hunt, and have a high success rate when hunting. The findings of this study may also be applicable to the hunting behavior of other animals that hunt in this way, such as dolphins and lions.
This study also addresses the motivation for hunting in groups. It has previously been suggested that hunting with others increases the amount of meat that each individual obtains. However, chimpanzees obtain most of their calories from ripe fruit, and hunting does not increase in response to a scarcity of fruit. Instead, the researchers theorize that meat provides important micronutrients that are difficult to obtain solely from fruit, and because of this, even a small scrap of meat is beneficial.
Gilby and his colleagues have shown that as the number of hunters increases, so does the likelihood that an individual will receive a piece of meat. Therefore, there is an incentive for a given male to join a hunt. However, in large groups, hunters and non-hunters were equally likely to obtain meat, suggesting that an individual should refrain from hunting thus avoiding the inherent risks and dangers of chasing prey. This is exactly what the researchers found – the likelihood that a given male hunted increased rapidly with party size, but only to a point. In large groups, there was no effect of party size on an individual’s hunting probability.
While predation among chimpanzees is cooperative, the researchers found that hunting does not appear to be a collaborative process. Males were not more likely to hunt for reasons of social bonding, nor was there an association between the presence of a sexually receptive female and an increased likelihood of hunting.
Amy Lavoie | EurekAlert!
Amputees can learn to control a robotic arm with their minds
28.11.2017 | University of Chicago Medical Center
The importance of biodiversity in forests could increase due to climate change
17.11.2017 | Deutsches Zentrum für integrative Biodiversitätsforschung (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig
The miniaturization of the current technology of storage media is hindered by fundamental limits of quantum mechanics. A new approach consists in using so-called spin-crossover molecules as the smallest possible storage unit. Similar to normal hard drives, these special molecules can save information via their magnetic state. A research team from Kiel University has now managed to successfully place a new class of spin-crossover molecules onto a surface and to improve the molecule’s storage capacity. The storage density of conventional hard drives could therefore theoretically be increased by more than one hundred fold. The study has been published in the scientific journal Nano Letters.
Over the past few years, the building blocks of storage media have gotten ever smaller. But further miniaturization of the current technology is hindered by...
With innovative experiments, researchers at the Helmholtz-Zentrums Geesthacht and the Technical University Hamburg unravel why tiny metallic structures are extremely strong
Light-weight and simultaneously strong – porous metallic nanomaterials promise interesting applications as, for instance, for future aeroplanes with enhanced...
An interdisciplinary group of researchers interfaced individual bacteria with a computer to build a hybrid bio-digital circuit - Study published in Nature Communications
Scientists at the Institute of Science and Technology Austria (IST Austria) have managed to control the behavior of individual bacteria by connecting them to a...
Physicists in the Laboratory for Attosecond Physics (run jointly by LMU Munich and the Max Planck Institute for Quantum Optics) have developed an attosecond electron microscope that allows them to visualize the dispersion of light in time and space, and observe the motions of electrons in atoms.
The most basic of all physical interactions in nature is that between light and matter. This interaction takes place in attosecond times (i.e. billionths of a...
Transistors based on carbon nanostructures: what sounds like a futuristic dream could be reality in just a few years' time. An international research team working with Empa has now succeeded in producing nanotransistors from graphene ribbons that are only a few atoms wide, as reported in the current issue of the trade journal "Nature Communications."
Graphene ribbons that are only a few atoms wide, so-called graphene nanoribbons, have special electrical properties that make them promising candidates for the...
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The men were randomised to Weight Watchers weight loss programme plus placebo versus the same weight loss programme plus testosterone. They were evaluated on two parameters that can be considered important predictors of long-term weight control: the body mass index and the waist circumference. The study found a significantly stronger association between waist circumference and weight loss when the Weight Watchers weight loss programme was compared with the same programme plus testosterone. Conversely, there was a statistically significant (p = 0, clenbuterol weight loss how to take.001) difference in waist circumference, clenbuterol weight loss how to take. Both the mean weight loss and the mean waist circumference were significantly higher when the men were told to use the weight loss programme, loss sarms s4 weight. The investigators said that the results of this study are reassuring, particularly when compared with other weight loss programmes and weight gain in middle-aged men. "The association we found is statistically significant and should have a direct role in counselling weight control, providing patients with an incentive not to overdo it on exercise and encouraging a healthy lifestyle," they say in a blog post, clenbuterol and weight loss reviews. It's not clear what could help men to lose weight, clenbuterol for weight loss dose. There's good evidence that weight loss through diet and exercise can improve overall health and reduce the risk of cancer and cardiovascular disease, but the effect on waist circumference is not consistent. However, one study reported that diets that are high in fat and low in carbohydrates lowered waist circumference, best cutting steroid cycle without tren. Weight watchers are not an ideal solution to weight loss. While calorie counting programmes work on weight loss, researchers have found there is no evidence to suggest a benefit for weight loss without diet and exercise, is clenbuterol for weight loss. Some studies have highlighted that most weight loss schemes do not work and instead encourage people to eat more and get more exercise, which will have an even bigger impact on waist circumference than the weight loss itself, although waist circumference in excess of 100cm is associated with a larger risk of developing heart disease, sarms s4 weight loss. And although weight loss programmes are usually successful because of the high numbers of people who sign up, there is always this hidden population - those who are obese but who do not want to lose weight but cannot, or do not have a health insurance policy to pay for a programme, and who cannot follow the programme. "Our study highlights the importance of developing effective strategies for women, but the results are not surprising given the well-documented health benefit of women," said the researchers, clenbuterol for weight loss dose. "As the first study to report the possible role of the programme on obesity, this study provides additional evidence that it is effective in reducing obesity among overweight and obese women." In Australia obesity in the community has risen steadily from 26.9% of the population in
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An auspicious group, Forbidden Topics in partnership with Secure Our lives has urged the government and institutions to embrace the habit of fighting against violence and insecurity in tertiary institutions and in Nigeria at large.
This charge was made at the roundtable talk speak against insecurity and violence at the volleyball court of Adekunle Ajasin, university, Akungba-Akoko.
Speaking at the programme, the state coordinator, Oluwadamilola Akintewe, said the program was organized to bring to the awareness of the government on the insecurity that is becoming more alarming in the country’s state tertiary institutions.
Oluwadamilola further stated that some of the issues facing tertiary institutions are numerous such as sexual assault, rape, and act against the mode of conduct of the school such as coloured hair, tattered trouser, and late coming to exams hall is also against the school mode of conduct.
When she was giving her opening speech, she said she will be glad if we can curb the possible solutions and issues facing insecurity, using Akungba as a case study.
She then as ask this question “What is the faith of the student lives most especially those that live off Campus on issues relating to insecurity”
She gives a brief story about herself her experience in Akungba in the area of insecurity.
She identifies herself as Oluwadamilola Akintewe a student of Adekunle Ajasin University from the Department of Law, shared her story about what happened some years ago in Akungba around RCF when someone comes towards her and robbed her. At that particular period, her phone was stolen, she said at that very moment, she was down because she felt unsafe that she could be attacked on her way coming from the church program around 7:30 pm.
She further noted that another issue facing Akungba community, even (AAUA) is what they call express air wire.
She then concluded it by saying one of the most commonly used languages among people who are politically apathetic do say ‘’No sensible women will love to vote by former USA president’’.
Arike Temitope introduced herself as a hairstylist, a student, an entrepreneur, and also a politician.
Last month I went for modems in APC and were trying to discussing something, in that process, someone said from a corner and he said, “Don’t mind them they are females.”
Even when I was searching for a job and the woman said what do you people know than sleeping with guys and even in school here, I know how some of the staff of the institution down at us as there is nothing in a female.
Psychologically, most women see their fellow female as a competitor, by pulling them down.
Even in power, those who attack you are always the female
Bello Mary who is from the Department of Guidance & Counseling said the activities of the Islamic sect (Boko Haram) Kidnappers, the bandit had led to the loss of lives in the country, most especially in the northern part of the country.
According to her, “Rape, Molestation, Robbery, and arrest of a student who is protesting peacefully are also violence”.
Furthermore, she affirmed that assault of students by fellow students such as accusations of others like missing of phones and among others.
Fear of walking with strange faces in the evening with the fear of been raped, kidnapped, or been robbed.
For over a decade, Nigeria has been fraught with insecurity challenges, from Boko Haram and their ISWAP counterparts to Bandits and unknown gunmen, in the midst of all this, the statistics of unemployed youths and graduates in the nation has been rising at an alarming rate, the basic development infrastructures like.
Insecurity and terrorism have been a major challenge to the Nigerian government in recent times. The activities of the Islamic sect (Boko Haram) had led to the loss of lives and properties in the country especially in the Northern part of Nigeria.
Some of these activities include bombing, suicide bomb attacks, sporadic shooting of unarmed and innocent citizens, burning of police stations, churches, kidnapping of school girls and women, among others.
Kidnapping, rape, armed robbery and political crises, murder, destruction of oil facilities by Niger Delta militants alongside the attacks carried out by Fulani Herdsmen on some communities in the North and South have been another major insecurity challenge facing the country. Nigeria has been included among one of the terrorist countries of the world.
Many lives and properties have been lost and a large number of citizens rendered homeless. Families have lost their loved ones. Many women are now widows. Children become orphans with no hope of the future. This has implications for national development. The government had made frantic efforts to tackle these challenges posed by terrorism and insecurity in the country and put an end to it but the rate of insurgency and insecurity is still alarming.
The events surrounding September 11, 2001, and other recent events of terrorism across the globe especially the current wave of terrorism in Nigeria, had focused our minds on issues of terrorism and insecurity. This study, therefore, investigated empirically the challenges of insecurity and terrorism on national development in Nigeria. The scope of the study spans from 1990 to 2012.
Data used for this study was sourced from the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) statistical bulletin, Newspapers, and related journal articles on security issues. Using the ordinary least square method of analysis, the result showed that terrorism and insecurity impact negatively on economic development. It has made the government divert resources meant for development purposes to security votes.
Expenditure made by the government on security matters had significantly and positively impacted economic development implying that expenditure on security matters has helped to ameliorate the negative effect of terrorism and insecurity despite the fact there is a crowding-in effect of security expenditure on economic development. This finding is in line with other studies on different countries of the world. It is therefore recommended that government should declare war on terrorism and seek assistance/advice from international communities who have in the time past faced this kind of challenge and were able to tackle it.
The Nigerian Military should be empowered more with arms to fight this insurgency. Government should beef up security in the eastern and southern parts of the country to curb the menace of insecurity. Grazing grounds or/and ranches should be built in all states of the country for Fulani herdsmen who rear cattle.
There should be workers for stuff like this. Students should endeavour to inform their peers. Because the country is not safe. Reasons to believe there are more women who are ready to fight. Speak out. Learn Self Defense. Giving young people a platform. The government takes heed to the advice of young people.
Picture from the programme below:
Reported by Friday Omosola and Peter Emmanuel.
AAUA Insider is Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba’s new campus media publisher amplifying the stories of the students of Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba Akoko.


MIAMI, FL – JUNE 12: LeBron James #6 of the Miami Heat reacts against the Dallas Mavericks in Game Six of the 2011 NBA Finals at American Airlines Arena on June 12, 2011 in Miami, Florida. NOTE TO USER: User expressly acknowledges and agrees that, by downloading and/or using this Photograph, user is consenting to the terms and conditions of the Getty Images License Agreement. (Photo by Ronald Martinez/Getty Images)
Brian Kelly got the dreaded vote of confidence from Notre Dame on Friday.
Odell Beckham Jr. was fined again by the NFL for his celebration.
Bill Murray crashed Friday’s White House press briefing to talk about the Cubs.
Don’t text on planes is late 2016’s “don’t email”


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Leopard geckos are fascinating creatures that make great pets. They are known to have a unique diet that includes insects, and many owners may wonder if they can feed their geckos ladybugs. While it may seem like a harmless snack, it is important to know if ladybugs are safe for leopard geckos to eat.
Ladybugs are a common insect found in many gardens and homes. They are known for their bright colors and distinctive spots. While they are not toxic to humans, the same cannot be said for leopard geckos. As insectivores, leopard geckos require a specific diet that provides them with the necessary nutrients to thrive. It is important to know if ladybugs are a safe addition to their diet.
Leopard Gecko Dietary Basics
Leopard geckos are insectivores, which means their diet consists mainly of insects. In the wild, they eat a variety of insects, including crickets, mealworms, and waxworms. As pets, they can be fed a variety of commercially available insects such as crickets, mealworms, superworms, and roaches.
Leopard geckos require a balanced diet to maintain their health. They need a diet that is high in protein, low in fat, and rich in vitamins and minerals. The ideal calcium to phosphorus ratio is 2:1. A diet that is high in phosphorus can lead to metabolic bone disease, which is a common health issue in leopard geckos.
Common Food Sources
Crickets are the most common food source for leopard geckos. They are high in protein and are readily available at most pet stores. Mealworms are also a popular food source, but they are not as nutritious as crickets. Superworms and roaches are also good options, but they should be fed in moderation as they are high in fat.
It is important to provide a variety of insects to ensure that your leopard gecko gets a balanced diet. Feeder insects can be dusted with calcium and vitamin D3 supplements to ensure that your leopard gecko gets the nutrients it needs.
While ladybugs are a common insect, they are not a recommended food source for leopard geckos. Ladybugs secrete a toxic substance that can be harmful to leopard geckos. It is best to stick to commercially available insects that are safe and nutritious for your leopard gecko.
Potential Risks of Feeding Ladybugs
Ladybugs are often considered a tasty treat for leopard geckos, but there are potential risks associated with feeding them to your pet. In this section, we will discuss the toxicity concerns and digestive issues that can arise from feeding ladybugs to leopard geckos.
Ladybugs are known to secrete a yellowish fluid from their joints when threatened, which contains a substance called cantharidin. Cantharidin is a toxic chemical that can cause blistering and irritation of the skin and mucous membranes. Ingesting cantharidin can lead to serious health problems, including kidney damage and even death.
While the amount of cantharidin in a single ladybug is not usually enough to cause harm to a leopard gecko, it is important to note that the toxicity of cantharidin can vary depending on the species of ladybug. It is also possible for the cantharidin to accumulate in the gecko’s body over time, leading to toxicity.
Leopard geckos are not adapted to digest the hard exoskeleton of ladybugs, which can lead to digestive issues such as impaction. Impaction occurs when a gecko is unable to pass its stool due to a blockage in the digestive tract. This can be a serious condition that requires veterinary attention.
In addition, ladybugs may carry parasites or pathogens that can be harmful to leopard geckos. It is important to ensure that any insects fed to your pet are free from parasites and have not been exposed to pesticides or other chemicals.
In conclusion, while ladybugs may seem like a tasty treat for leopard geckos, there are potential risks involved. It is important to weigh the potential benefits against the potential risks before feeding ladybugs to your pet. We recommend consulting with a veterinarian or experienced reptile keeper before introducing any new food items to your leopard gecko’s diet.
Natural Prey and Hunting Behavior
Leopard geckos are natural insectivores and have a diverse diet in the wild. They are known to feed on a variety of insects, including crickets, mealworms, and waxworms. However, they may also consume other insects such as ladybugs, depending on their availability.
Leopard geckos have their own preferences when it comes to insects. They prefer insects that are smaller than their head and move quickly. They also prefer insects that have a soft exoskeleton, making them easier to digest. While ladybugs may not be their first choice, they may still consume them if they are hungry and no other insects are available.
Leopard geckos are nocturnal hunters and rely on their keen sense of smell and vision to locate their prey. They use their tongues to taste the air and locate the direction of the prey. Once they locate their prey, they use a pouncing technique to catch it. They may also chase their prey if it is moving quickly.
In conclusion, while leopard geckos may not prefer ladybugs as their primary food source, they may still consume them if they are available. It is important to remember that a varied diet is essential for the health and well-being of leopard geckos.
Safe Feeding Practices
When feeding leopard geckos, it is important to follow safe feeding practices to ensure their health and well-being. In this section, we will discuss feeding frequency and portion control.
Leopard geckos should be fed every 2-3 days to ensure they receive the necessary nutrients they need to thrive. Overfeeding can lead to obesity and other health issues, so it is important to monitor their food intake.
When feeding leopard geckos, it is important to provide them with the appropriate portion size. The amount of food they need depends on their size and age. As a general rule, the food should be no larger than the space between their eyes.
It is also important to vary their diet and provide a balanced mix of insects. Ladybugs should not be a staple food for leopard geckos as they contain toxins that can be harmful to them. Instead, consider feeding them crickets, mealworms, or dubia roaches.
By following safe feeding practices, we can ensure the health and happiness of our leopard geckos.
Alternative Insect Foods
When it comes to feeding leopard geckos, it is important to offer a variety of insect foods to ensure they receive a balanced diet. While crickets are a popular staple food, there are other insects that can be fed to leopard geckos as well. In this section, we will discuss some alternative insect foods and which ones are recommended or should be avoided.
- Dubia Roaches – Dubia roaches are a great alternative to crickets. They are high in protein and low in fat, making them a healthy choice for leopard geckos. They are also easy to digest and do not make noise or smell, unlike crickets.
- Mealworms – Mealworms are another popular choice for leopard geckos. They are easy to find and relatively inexpensive. However, they should be offered in moderation as they are high in fat and low in calcium.
- Superworms – Superworms are larger than mealworms and have a higher protein content. They are a good choice for adult leopard geckos, but should not be fed to juveniles or hatchlings as they can be difficult to digest.
Insects to Avoid
- Fireflies – Fireflies, also known as lightning bugs, should never be fed to leopard geckos. They contain a toxic chemical called lucibufagins, which can be deadly to geckos.
- Ladybugs – While ladybugs are not toxic, they should still be avoided as a food source for leopard geckos. They have a hard exoskeleton that can be difficult for geckos to digest, and they may also contain pesticides if they were collected from the wild.
- Butterflies – Butterflies should also be avoided as they can be toxic to leopard geckos. Some species of butterflies contain toxins that can cause seizures and even death in geckos.
In conclusion, there are many alternative insect foods that can be offered to leopard geckos. It is important to do your research and ensure that the insects you are feeding are safe and nutritious for your gecko. By offering a variety of insect foods, you can help ensure that your leopard gecko receives a balanced and healthy diet.
Signs of Nutritional Deficiencies
As responsible owners, it’s important that we keep a close eye on our leopard geckos’ health, especially when it comes to their diet. While leopard geckos can eat a variety of insects, including ladybugs, it’s important to ensure that they are receiving a balanced diet.
One way to monitor their health is to look out for signs of nutritional deficiencies. If your leopard gecko is not receiving enough of certain nutrients, they may start to exhibit symptoms such as lethargy, weight loss, and a lack of appetite. For example, a calcium deficiency can lead to metabolic bone disease, which can cause deformities and fractures in their bones.
To prevent nutritional deficiencies, it’s important to offer a variety of insects and supplement their diet with calcium and vitamin D3. It’s also important to ensure that the insects you are feeding your leopard gecko are gut-loaded with nutritious food before being offered to your pet.
Observing Eating Habits
Another way to monitor your leopard gecko’s health is to observe their eating habits. Leopard geckos are opportunistic feeders and will typically eat whenever food is available. If you notice that your leopard gecko is not showing interest in their food or is only eating a small amount, it may be a sign of an underlying health issue.
It’s important to note that leopard geckos may go off their food during certain times of the year, such as during the breeding season or when they are shedding. However, if you notice a prolonged lack of appetite or any other concerning symptoms, it’s best to consult with a veterinarian who specializes in reptile care.
By monitoring your leopard gecko’s health and ensuring that they are receiving a balanced diet, you can help to promote their overall well-being and prevent potential health issues down the line.
Frequently Asked Questions
What insects are safe for leopard geckos to consume?
Leopard geckos are insectivores and require a diet rich in insects. Some safe insects to feed them include crickets, mealworms, waxworms, and dubia roaches. It is important to provide a variety of insects to ensure a balanced diet.
Are there any risks associated with feeding ladybugs to leopard geckos?
While ladybugs may seem like a good option, they should be avoided. Ladybugs secrete a toxic substance called cantharidin, which can be harmful to leopard geckos. It is best to stick to safe insects that are known to be nutritious for leopard geckos.
What is the ideal diet for a leopard gecko?
A balanced diet for a leopard gecko should consist of a variety of insects, such as crickets, mealworms, and dubia roaches. It is also important to dust the insects with a calcium supplement to ensure proper bone health.
Which insects should be avoided when feeding a leopard gecko?
Insects that are high in fat or are difficult to digest, such as superworms and butterworms, should be avoided. In addition, insects that are toxic to leopard geckos, such as fireflies and ladybugs, should be avoided.
Can leopard geckos eat insects found in the wild, such as Rolly Pollies?
While some insects found in the wild may be safe for leopard geckos to consume, it is important to properly identify them before feeding. Rolly Pollies, also known as pill bugs, are safe for leopard geckos to eat in moderation.
How can you identify if an insect is toxic to reptiles like leopard geckos?
It is important to research the insects before feeding them to leopard geckos. Insects that are brightly colored or have a strong odor may be toxic. In addition, insects that are known to secrete a toxic substance, such as ladybugs, should be avoided.

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I love before and after pictures of updates around the house so today I wanted to share with you my small updates to our living room. Before we had a coffee table that was given to us by a friend and then we had a huge area rug.
So I went out to Ross the one day and found the adorable rug above for just $50! It's much smaller in size but it actually is even prettier and more functional than us having a big rug. And then I went to Target and found the most adorable storage ottoman to use as a coffee table. Our other coffee table will be used in the basement living area.
What updates have you made in your house lately ?

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Among the smartest decisions you can make is to get treatment from a rehab in San Antonio. They provide world class rehabilitation services that are simulated by much of the rehabilitation centers around the world. With an ingenious method to the 12 step program, you can be sure that you will receive treatment that not just rapidly helps you break devoid of your addiction, but likewise provides the long term method that you have to remain tidy.
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The treatment you get will be various based upon the drug you are addicted to. But no matter what your drug is, you require to make certain you are working hard to keep away from it. Sometimes it is required to move far in order to beat the addiction that you are experiencing. Many have found that treatment depends on three hundred times more effective when they relocate.
While Charlie was refining his well-tempered abilities for fracas and mayhem, his program “Two and a Half Male” (the lead part he amassed in 2003) skyrocketed in popularity, in part due to the fact that of its vital placement after “Everybody Loves Raymond” Monday nights.
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Now, the girl at the inpatient rehabilitation centers told me that they would help pay for the surgical treatment but she had actually experienced that it didn’t help all that much and I probably would end up needing to wear a listening devices anyway. So that triggered me to hope for God to show this woman what He might do.
Throughout the teenage years, drug dependency is especially difficult for household to cope with. Your response are necessary to any possible development, however the most crucial thing to know is that a teenage drug user should be dealt with differently than a grownup who is battling with the very same issues.
Moderate dependency for many people who smoke or drink generally, as they just take them as typical. You require to get serious about it if you discover that your life is overrun addiction. Dependency is not only frustrating for you but for your family. An addict can sometimes strange, and his/ her health might not permit him to act/ or result in finish their normal day duties. However, fortunately is that now you canChoose amongst the lots of terrific inpatient drug rehab programs, which ensures you a successful recovery and health.
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Normally, the clients who go through the surgery will be transferred to an inpatient rehab after a few days of the treatment. These patients are generally encouraged to elevate their leg so that they can recuperate rapidly. In addition to this, ice bag are also utilized on the location that has actually been operated. The knee surgery healing will likewise include physical therapy and overall, you can anticipate to invest 2 to 3 months for knee surgery healing.
Exercising outside can likewise be advantageous. Fresh air is something that we as human beings rarely stop to acknowledge with our senses. There is so much to smell all around us, and when we fill our lungs with deep breaths of fresh air, we are awakening our bodies. Our lungs get restored, oxygen streams to our brains, and overall we end up being better since of it.
Artie Lange sought treatment for three months at a South Florida drug rehabilitation center called Ambrosia following Giraldo’s death. Lange says he is presently going to two times weekly Alcoholics Confidential conferences along with routine psychotherapy.


Refuse to DestroyThursday, March 21, 2013
The 11:11 Creative Collective is having a show from March 30th to April 5th at Cella Gallery in North Hollywood, CA. The show is titled “Refuse to Destroy” and will feature art installations that use unorthodox and inexpensive materials to create iconic monuments. Places like the Watts Towers, Grandma Prisby’s Bottle Village and Salvation Mountain are at the forefront of the dialogue surrounding art using repurposed materials.
For more information check out www.1111acc.org.