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Vacation rentals in Italy (villas, farms, estates, agriturismo, apartments)
Review 2433: Podere San Lorenzo, Apartment
apartments on farm near Volterra, Tuscany West
October 2006, 3 days
As you approach Volterra from Colle di Val d'Elsa, after you round the curve with the big red circle sculpture, start looking for the sign for the Podere San Lorenzo on the right. Just past the Volkswagon dealership and a couple of houses turn right on the little road that leads to the Podere. As you drive up you see the beautiful old house that was once a church, the natural pool, and the vegetable gardens which provide the contorni you'll have at dinner. The setting among the rolling green and golden hills of western Tuscany is spectacular.
San Lorenzo is only two kilometers from Volterra. It’s an easy drive to the city walls and the underground parking lot. Between San Lorenzo and the city is the COOP for grocery needs and just across the street from the COOP there is a very good restaurant, da Bado.
The farmhouse was originally a 12th century Franciscan chapel and this chapel is now used for the dining room. A portion of the original fresco remains. The house has over time grown to what it is now. The additions, some of which were originally for the farm animals, blend perfectly with the old chapel. The house is completely restored and was bought by the present owners six years ago.
The Podere has eight apartments and two double bedrooms with baths. My husband and I stayed in apartment three for three nights in early October.
The apartment has one bedroom, a living room and kitchenette, a bathroom, and a large terrace, with a vine-covered pergola. The terrace has lounge chairs as well as a table and chairs for al fresco dining.
The view from the terrace is fantastic. Late each afternoon we returned to the apartment for a glass of wine while we gazed at the golden ploughed fields along the steep hills and verdant forests tucked in between. As darkness fell the hills became black and the sky settled into a sort of glowing dark blue. From our vantage, point we could see throughout the hills the lights of only three houses. On the other side of the valley the headlights of cars appeared along the ridge, then disappeared, then reappeared like fireflies as they twisted and turned along the curvy mountain road. Magical is not too strong a word.
Beside the pool in the front of the house is a garden area with tables, chairs, umbrellas and lounge chairs. Beyond the pool is the olive grove where the 1200 trees provide olives for the oil produced by the Podere. They don’t ship the oil because shipping costs are so high.
To the side of the house is Marinella’s large and beautiful vegetable garden where even in October there is an abundance of vegetables and tomatoes.
French doors lead from the terrace to the living room/kitchenette. While there is only a sofa in the living room, it is a comfortable one and the dining chairs are fine for additional seating. Best of all there is an excellent reading light.
To tell the truth, the lounge chairs and the view were so irresistible we spent most of our time there. The major bonuses were the views from our terrace and the delightful owner, Marinella.
The bedroom has a large comfortable iron bed, a huge armoire and an additional chest for storage as well as a wide ledge along one wall. The window overlooks the terrace and the hills.
The kitchenette has an under counter refrigerator and a cook top. There are adequate cabinets and plenty of pots, pans, dishes, glasses, etc. to prepare a simple meal, but who would want to? Marinella prepares the most scrumptious dinners you can imagine for only €25 a person.
The dining table seats three.
Problems or Bonuses
The major bonuses were the beauty of the setting and the home, the views from our terrace and the delightful owner, Marinella. Although we knew she offered cooking classes, we had no idea that the food would be so amazing. But aside from the food, she is so enthusiastic about her home and the whole area of Volterra. Her English is excellent and her rapport with people is evident from the first moment you meet her.
Agency and Representatives (and price)
For us, the reality was even better than the website presents. The place is a bargain and a pleasure.
Do you recommend this vacation rental to others?
I would recommend this place to anyone who loves beautiful surroundings, good food and interesting company. While the apartments are not elegant and luxurious, they are very well appointed, comfortable, and entirely appropriate for the house. Apartment three was €95 per night. Breakfast is €6 per person and dinner is €25 per person.
We often rent apartments in small towns where we stroll the streets, shop in the alimentari, and try to become a part of the town. We love doing this, but I must admit having a beautiful place to come home to where dinner is prepared for you without any effort on your part rivals even the passeggiata for a change.
Things to do in this area
Although we thought we would take day trips to other towns, we spent our time in Volterra and enjoying the Podere San Lorenzo.
There are museums, galleries and palazzos to see in Volterra and plenty of things to do in the surrounding area. The alabaster shops have some striking works of art. I hope to write some travel notes for Volterra soon.
This review is the opinion of a Slow Travel member and not of slowtrav.com.
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Why is Baba Yaga knocking at my door?
My house is in the city, not deep in the forests floor.
Why carry she that basket?
Is it to gather up my eggs?
And carry them back to her hasty nest that stands on chicken’s legs?
What voice she uses that crackles with age?
Surely she does not think me a sage
If I sit quiet while stirring my stew,
Perhaps my company no more she’ll pursue.
But the smell of her pipe and the creak of my chair,
Tells me she’s settled for a long time right here.
But why has Baba Yaga come when I’m alone?
“If you’d answer your door,dear,” she grated, “I’ve come t’take ya home.”

domain: artistic


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After twenty years experience in public school I made the transition to Christian schools. Twenty more years passed, and I wrote my first book, Radical Excellence
Almost an autobiography of my professional career, this book takes a look at the present state of teaching, learning and leadership in our educational society today. Realizing there are no easy answers, several issues are addressed from the grassroots perspective.
For those who don't keep your library on shelves, but in a Kindle or other reader, Radical Excellence is also available as an ebook.
John Maxwell's Leadership 101: What Every Leader Needs to Know is an outstanding information book that is a "must read" for every Christian educator.
I continue to believe Christian schools could provide a necessary educational excellence to education. That excellence will happen as the quality and focused passion of leaders in Christian schools continues to improve.

domain: library


At least 10 killed as militants shell Syria’s Deir ez-Zor — SANAWorld May 30, 5:49
Over 30,000 people in three Russian regions remain without electricity after stormWorld May 30, 5:28
Putin visits Russian cultural center in ParisSociety & Culture May 30, 3:37
Search engine Yandex denies transfer of Ukrainians' personal data to Russian intelligenceWorld May 30, 0:11
At least 137 people injured in Moscow storm — sourceWorld May 30, 0:05
Ukraine's security service accuses search engine Yandex of leaking personal info to MoscowWorld May 30, 0:03
Kamaz to supply at least 1,000 trucks to Philippines by 2020Business & Economy May 29, 21:49
Moscow ready to offer clarifications over incident with Montenegrin MPRussian Politics & Diplomacy May 29, 21:09
Moscow mayor says Monday's hurricane in Moscow 'unprecedented'Society & Culture May 29, 20:56
KIEV, September 22. /TASS/. Ukrainian President Petro Poroshenko said on Tuesday he did not rule out that the issue of a peacekeeping contingent in Donbas might fall off if ceasefire was maintained in the region.
"The current ceasefire regime, albeit a fragile one, inspires the hope that the problem of peacekeepers may fall off," he said at a joint news conference with NATO’s Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg. "If all other provisions of the Minsk accords are observed, the rationality of (bringing in) a peacekeeping force will fall off."
Kiev has been insisting so far on the essentiality of a peacekeeping mission in the zone of the armed conflict in the country’s east. Ukrainian representative have raised it at all the international conferences.
Poroshenko said, however, the problem remained topical at the moment. "It hasn’t lost sense yet and that’s why we’ll discuss it in New York."


There has been plenty of investment on the field for Paris Saint-Germain, but they have matched that off it too and their growth on social media is incredible.
The signings of Neymar and Kylian Mbappe have been key to drawing fans from around the world and topped off a journey from 500,000 social media followers in 2011 to the 50 million they have now.
The noise around PSG is increasing, and the star signings of the summer have added the final push that they needed to get worldwide coverage.
In only six months, they have seen their social media accounts gain 14 million followers and climb to seventh place in the rankings of social media followings around the world.
Furthermore, the club's website has doubled its number of visitors in that time.
As happened in Madrid during the Galactico era, merchandising sales have exploded too.
On his first day as a PSG player, 11,000 Neymar shirts were sold and within a month that figure was 120,000.
And the club shop has received 75 percent more visitors than it did over the same period a year ago.
Online, PSG are one of the world's most searched-for clubs, becoming a clear leader in France.
In England, where football is part of culture, they are the third most searched-for foreign club, behind Real Madrid and Barcelona, and it's the same in Spain.
Only a year ago, that would have been inconceivable.
In Doha, PSG are more visible than ever, with players displayed all over the city by sponsors.
It's clear, PSG are the new Galacticos.


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Mary Engelbreit, artist of every calendar and notepad my mom has ever owned, was outraged at the treatment of Michael Brown and responded by creating the above image. All sales of the print (10k as of me writing this) are going to the Michael Brown Jr. fund.
Of COURSE, many of her fans are PISSED and let her know on Facebook. Her post was flagged as offensive and taken down. Now she's editing comments for hate speech.


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March 14, 2014
Hmm. I'd say with this group, I'm most interested in telling baltimore's history with GIS, looking at vacancy / redevelopment projects, land use/land change, and enabling civic and grass-roots community organizations with maps!
It's both. I get paid to do it. And I map for fun.
Hi. I'm Liz. And I live in DC. But I love baltimore with all of my heart. and I love geography. and all things geo.

domain: geography


NSW forced into $200m commuter trains bailoutPUBLISHED: 23 Jan 2012 00:03:03 | UPDATED: 23 Jan 2012 08:12:29PUBLISHED: 23 Jan 2012 PRINT EDITION: 23 Jan 2012
Exclusive | NSW taxpayers have been forced to inject up to $200 million into a controversial public-private partnership to ensure the delivery of suburban commuter trains critical to fixing Sydney transport problems.
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There are a rapidly growing number of resources on the cutting edge and timely topic of the psychology of climate change. The following resources represent a broad sweep on the topic, with the most recent listed first.
May 30, 2012. Mother Jones: Why Science Education Won’t Solve Our Climate Problems by Alyssa Battistoni.
Dodds, J. (2011). Psychoanalysis and Ecology at the Edge of Chaos: Complexity Theory, Deleuze/Guattari and Psychoananlysis for a Climate in Crisis. London & New York: Routledge.
November 26, 2011 Forbes: The Dangerous Psychology of Ongoing Climate Change Denial by Todd Essig.
October 4, 2011, A NYT Dot Earth Blog: A Medical Metaphor for Climate Risk, Including the Risk of Overreaction by Andrew Revkin.
March 3, 2011 New York Times Environment Page: When Psychology Trumps Logic on Leslie Kaufman’s Green: A Blog About Energy and the Environment.
CRED (2009). The Psychology of Climate Change Communication. Center for Research on Environmental Decisions at Columbia University.
APA (2009). Psychology and Global Climate Change: Addressing a Multi-faceted Phenomenon and Set of Challenges. Report of the American Psychological Association Task Force on the Interface Between Psychology and Climate Change.
Koger, S. M., & Scott, B. A. (Winter, 2007). Psychology and Environmental Sustainability: A Call for Integration. Teaching of Psychology, 34(1), 10-18.
Moser, S. and Dilling, L., eds. (2007). Creating a Climate for Change: Communicating Climate Change and Facilitating Social Change, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.


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If you haven’t read Part 1 of this series, I recommend you check it out:
I must also explain here that this subject is one that is best appreciated on an individual-to-individual basis. In other words, it is important to continually think critically about the ideas and anecdotes that I present here. At the end of the day, these are just observations that I have made, and you should take your own experiences, circumstances, and needs into account when considering them and when attempting to replicate them.
Now then, what does music have to do with staying off of the internet?
Increased Ardor for Music
This is something that I notice occur frequently when I take some time off of the internet. A song will suddenly begin to play in my head, and it will fill me with more joy and wonder than it ever had prior to the non-usage streak’s commencing. This effect usually occurs early in the non-usage streak, within the first day to two or three days of its commencement. It also seems to largely have been a morning phenomenon, something that occurs upon waking or, at least, before I get out of bed, so it is a companion of earliness or beginning on two accounts. It may be a result of getting a fresh start, or of resetting the mind. It isn’t rare for me to find songs playing in my head that match my intent or sentiment at the moment, streak or not, so I wouldn’t be surprised if this particular effect was just another example of that. However, I’m not sure that the variety of this non-usage streak music ends at that category of songs which reflect the feeling of having a fresh start. The songs have mostly, perhaps even exclusively, been those which I already love, just having a richer and more vibrant quality to them.
I personally suspect a tight affiliation between this effect and freedom from the artificial, pre-constructed world of the internet. Think about it. Suddenly, the being that you are has dislodged itself from that controlled and often vacuous space, and has returned to a realm which is far more replete with possibility as it pertains to how a day might be spent, as well to how one might improve one’s lot in life. Maybe the dramatic surge of musical sound in one’s mind is a celebratory response to that suddenly enhanced range of possibility. It may be a celebratory response to the initiation of such a great experiment in living, to the embarking upon an attempt at a lifestyle which gleams with promise and worthy challenge.
By Sha’Kim Bush
Thanks for reading!
Interested in getting in touch with me? Email me at email@example.com.
Check out my website here: https://shakimsblogdotnet.wordpress.com/
Otherwise, just keep doing you 🙂


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It’s time for another picture book twitter party using the hashtag #PBPitch! So, if you write or illustrate picture books, this is the event for you. This party will take place Thursday, June 21, 2018 from 8am-8pm EST. But remember, anyone can troll the feed, so be sure to do your research! There will be legitimate agents and editors popping in and out, including those that haven’t confirmed their attendance.
Be sure and only pitch once before 2pm and once after! (Yes, twice is all you get per manuscript!) If you’re an illustrator, you can attach an image to the pitch. For complete rules and proper hashtags, go here.
As always, good luck!
Blogger and writer of MG/YA fiction.

domain: hobby


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Basset Hound Puppies for Sale in Virginia
Available 7 days and evenings Se Habla Español
We love him so much already. He is such a sweet boy.
I picked up my dog on 3/31/09!! She is soooo cute and amazing! Thank you for your all support, and I really appreciate what you have done for me and my dog.
Here are some pictures of Sara with her new family the Conrad’s. Jerry was surprised, but he said he had a funny feeling that I had got Sara for him. Thank you again for all that you have ...
Call 866-592-5322 to speak with a Puppy Specialist or enter your information:
We will start looking for a perfect puppy for you!
If you are too excited and can't wait any longer, then enter your information below and one of our Puppy Specialists will contact you as soon as possible!
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Arsenal host Burnley in the Premier League on Saturday as Unai Emery’s men look to get back to winning ways following two losses in the space of a week.
The Gunners were unbeaten in 22 games going into their Premier League match with Southampton but a loss at St Mary’s coupled with a midweek Carabao Cup exit at the hands of Tottenham leaves the club desperate for a win.
Burnley head into this game off the back of a valiant display against Tottenham where a late Christian Eriksen goal sunk Sean Dyche’s team in dramatic and disappointing fashion.
So far the Clarets have struggled to make the same impact in the league they did last term but they may feel this fixture could lift the mood around the club.
Check out 90min’s preview of the game below.
Where to Watch
|When Is Kick Off?||Saturday 22 December|
|What Time Is Kick Off?||12:30 (BST)|
|Where Is it Played?||Emirates Stadium|
|TV Channel/Live Stream?||Sky Sports Premier League/Main Event|
Arsenal still have concerns over a number of defenders but Unai Emery should be able to select a more reliable rearguard to the one that featured in the Southampton loss.
There remain doubts over Sead Kolasinac, Hector Bellerin and Shkodran Mustafi while Rob Holding, Konstantinos Mavropanos, Danny Welbeck and Emile Smith Rowe all won’t feature.
Burnley defender Stephen Ward will miss out while Joe Hart is set to continue in goal with Tom Heaton likely sitting on the bench. Aaron Lennon is expected to be absent.
|Arsenal||Leno; Lichtsteiner, Sokratis, Koscielny, Monreal; Mkhitaryan, Xhaka, Torriera, Ramsey, Aubameyang; Lacazette|
|Burnley||Hart; Bardsley, Long, Mee, Tarkowski, Taylor; Gudmundsson, Cork, Westwood, Brady; Barnes|
Head to Head Record
Interestingly enough, the last time these two met it was in Arsene Wenger’s final ever home game in charge of Arsenal. The day was a nice occasion for all Gunners fans, helped by the empathic 5-0 win over their opposition.
Arsenal were in great form up until the 3-2 loss to Southampton, having gone unbeaten in their past 22 fixtures across all competitions leading up into the match.
They’ll be keen to bounce back in the Premier League with nothing less than three points against their next opponents – especially after they disappointingly fell out of the Carabao Cup after a 2-0 home loss against Spurs.
Both teams have played Spurs in their last fixture and both teams have lost. Before that, Burnley beat Brighton 1-0 at home thanks to a single goal from James Tarkowski.
Other than that, things haven’t been so well for the Clarets in the league of late. They lost the three games prior to that home win, shipping six goals in the process.
|Arsenal 0-2 Tottenham (19/12)||Tottenham 1-0 Burnley (15/12)|
|Southampton 3-2 Arsenal (16/12)||Burnley 1-0 Brighton (8/12)|
|Arsenal 1-0 Qarabag (13/12)||Burnley 1-3 Liverpool (5/12)|
|Arsenal 1-0 Huddersfield (8/12)||Crystal Palace 2-0 Burnley (1/12)|
|Manchester United 2-2 Arsenal (5/12)||Burnley 1-2 Newcastle (26/11)|
Burnley will most likely set up with the intention of stifling the best of Arsenal’s attacking talents. If Dyche’s men can work hard and press high they might cause the Gunners some issues, even if they don’t see an awful lot of the ball.
Arsenal lost last time out in the league and they can’t really afford to drop points in home games such as these if they want to seriously push for a Champions League spot. Expect the Gunners to come out all guns blazing – though maybe after a dull first half – and really try and dominate.
Overall, Emery’s men should have enough to overcome this Burnley side by the end of the 90 minutes.
Prediction: Arsenal 3-1 Burnley


Keep your interior protected from the elements and reduce cabin noise by replacing your dried-out, cracked or missing original weatherstrip with this reproduction weatherstrip kit.
Each weatherstrip component is manufactured exactly to factory specifications and will fit and install as original for both an authentic appearance and superior functionality.
Note: This kit comes with correct inner and outer door windowfelts for 1968 RS wide outer door and quarter moldings)
This product fits the following vehicle applications. Click to view individual years.


What is the supported usage scenario for SL4NT? I.e. to what level of load does your SL4NT product remain performant (and supported), and what are the bottlenecks I should be aware of?
E.g. I'm measuring the performance as the latency between arrival of the syslog packet and the logging of that packet to disk. I've arbitrarily picked a latency threshold of one second, and a load metric of packets per second.
My guess at this point is that allowing for scaled-up hardware, your product is supportable below 1000 packets per second, before an algorithmic bottleneck surfaces; e.g. locking \ threading
What I'm seeing on a couple systems I inherited is that under 1000 pps load, latency is 0-3 sec, but above 1000 pps, latency becomes minutes, and eventually approaches an hour (when the service crashes). Working set over this period ranges from ~20M on a warm system to ~1.5G under heaviest load.
My systems are 20G \ 2 socket x 8 core x 1.GHz \ fast disks; I don't think I have a hardware bottleneck.
first something about how message processing works:
- A high-priority 'receiver thread' reads the syslog messages from the network by using IO-completion ports and puts the raw messages without further message decoding or processing into the 'received message queue'.
- The 'message processor thread' takes received messages from this queue, decodes the raw message contents and evaluates them against the configured rules. Depending on the outcome of the rule evaluation, messages are put into 'action queues'.
- One thread per action type is then responsible for processing messages in the corresponding 'action queue', e.g. write them to file.
>I don't think I have a hardware bottleneck.
You have and it's the performance of the CPU cores:
In your case the 'message processor thread', which decodes raw messages and evaluate them against the configured rules, is unable to keep up with the rate of new messages being put into the 'received message queue', therefore this queue builds up till all available heap memory is used up.
This means that if you would use, for example, a CPU with 2 GHz cores, instead of one with 1 GHz cores, the rate of messages being processed without queue buildup would double (in reality it would be a little bit less than two times due to locking overhead).
Please note that how many CPU cycles the 'message processor thread' uses for a single message depends mainly on the rule configuration, e.g. using a rule with a regular expression filter condition can take many times more CPU cycles than a rule without such a filter condition.


Wednesday, September 17, 2003
How many schoolteachers does it take to build a nuke?
The National Priorities Project database allows you to find out what tradeoffs are being made to support various government programs. For example, next year Tennessee taxpayers will pay $259.7 million to support the nation's nuclear weapons program. This same money could fund more than 6,000 elementary school teachers. You can use the tool to run your own comparisons for your home state.
Posted by David at 9/17/2003 05:09:00 PM


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Home > Wallpaper Murals & Appliques > Inspirational > Lisa Audit BUTTERFLY SPREAD YOUR WINGS AND FLY Quote Peel & Stick Wall Decals
Home > Wallpaper > Wallpaper Murals & Appliques > Inspirational > Lisa Audit BUTTERFLY SPREAD YOUR WINGS AND FLY Quote Peel & Stick Wall Decals
Lisa Audit BUTTERFLY SPREAD YOUR WINGS AND FLY Quote Peel & Stick Wall Decals
Enchanted butterflies and meaningful quotes come together to create charming room decor with Lisa Audit Butterfly Quote Wall Decals by RoomMates decor. Designed with the quote 'Spread Your Wings and Fly' surrounded by colorful butterflies, Lisa Audit Butterfly Quote Wall Decals delight any room with ease. A fast and affordable way to quickly add color and meaning to your room decor, add these wall stickers to any clean, flat surface in minutes. To apply, simply peel each of the twenty-eight wall decals from the high quality backing and stick them to any smooth, flat surface. That's it! Even better, remove and reposition wall decals over and over again leaving walls free of any sticky residue or damage. Now that's peel and stick decor at it's best! Shop Lisa Audit wall decor today!
* Sheet Size = 2 sheets 9-in. X 40-in.
* Dimensions = 3.03-in. x 2.20-in. to 21.06-in. x 7.36-in.
* Number of Decals = 28
© Copyright 2022 - All world rights reserved - DecorateToGo.com
All product images are the © Copyright of their respective manufacturers.
DecorateToGo.com has a huge selection of the best selling wallpaper
, wallpaper murals
and wallpaper borders
to choose from.
We carry Candice Olson, Ronald Redding, Carey Lind, Antonina Vella, A-Street Prints, Kenneth James, Magnolia Home, Scott Brothers, Brewster, Waverly, York, Norwall, Patton and many more

domain: design


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Pets are welcome in specific deluxe rooms! All pets are welcomed with organic treats, food and water dishes! There is a $50 charge per pet, per week! Call to inquire about pet policies and get ready to enjoy a getaway where you don't have to leave your furry friends behind!... more


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Henry: Portrait of a Serial Killer DVD SpecsGoon
Dark Sky Films are going to be releasing "Henry: Portrait of a Serial Killer" the 20th Anniversary Edition DVD. According to DavisDVD, the two-disc set will feature a brand new anamorphic transfer from a high definition master supervised by director John McNaughton, as well as restored Dolby Digital audio. Extras will include a commentary track with John McNaughton, a new full length documentary (featuring McNaughton, producer Steve Jones, cinematographer Charlie Lieberman, editor Elena Maganini, and actors Michael Rooker, Tom Towles and Tracy Arnold), a new documentary on real-life serial killer Henry Lee Lucas, storyboards and more.
The DVD will be available on September 27th. The film is loosely based on the case of Henry Lee Lucas, a confessed serial killer, is a terrifyingly intimate journey into the twisted life of a murderous psychotic. As the blank-eyed Henry (Michael Rooker) drifts from place to place, he selects victims at random, slaughters them, and captures the brutality on videotape.
When he is joined by his deranged roommate, a loudmouthed ex-convict named Otis (Tom Towles), the almost unfathomably malevolent acts multiply. John McNaughton's film, in the tradition of such classic studies of homicidal personality as PEEPING TOM and TAXI DRIVER, goes further than both of these movies in its flat refusal to tell the killer's story on anything other than the killer's terms.
McNaughton is able to present the world Henry aimlessly traverses as Henry sees it--almost unendurably bleak and meaningless--and in doing so he allows his film to go as deep into the nightmarish mind of a killer as anything ever committed to celluloid.


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Milk production in the United States totaled 17.19 billion pounds in April, up 3.2 percent from April of last year. Production per cow increased 40 pounds to1, 854 and the dairy herd increased 90,000 cows to 9.272 million head. The 3.2 percent increase is actually the smallest year-over-year increase this year. Production in the first three months increased 5.2 percent.
Milk production in the 23 major dairy states increased 3.3 percent in April to 16 billion pounds. Production per cow in those states averaged 1,875 up 40 pounds from a year ago while the number of dairy cows increased 94,000 to 8.53 million head. That is 4,000 more than a month ago.
California milk production increased 3.1 percent in April to 3.62 billion pounds. The Golden State added 23,000 cows to make the herd 1,787 million head and production per cow increased 35 pounds to average 2,030.
Wisconsin milk production in April was up 3.5 percent from a year ago to 2.267 billion pounds. The Badger State added 4,000 cows to make the herd 1.27 million head and production per cow increased 55 pounds to 1,785.
New York saw a 3.6 percent increase in milk production in April taking production to 1.12 billion pounds pushing it past Idaho into the number-3 spot. Idaho saw a 2.9 percent increase to 1.1 billion pounds. Pennsylvania production decreased 1 percent from a year ago to 918 million pounds. Production per cow held steady in the Keystone State but the dairy herd declined by 5,000 head.
Read the full NASS report here:
© Copyright 2012 Brownfield, All rights Reserved. Written For: Brownfield

domain: agronomy


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47.5 MB (679.8 KB compressed)
4992 x 3328 pixels
42.2 x 28.2 cm ⏐ 16.6 x 11.1 in (300dpi)
GEOFF KIDD / SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY GEOFF KIDD / SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY
Amoxicillin capsules 500mg. Amoxicillin or amoxycillin is a broad spectrum antibiotic which is used to treat infections of the airways, skin, soft tissue or ears. It is also used to treat urine infections, sexually-transmitted infections and dental infections. It works by disrupting the formation of bacterial cell walls.
Model release not required. Property release not required.

domain: medical


The crypto world clearly didn’t sleep this week and once again we witnessed, drama, suspense and a few prophetic predictions about the future of the industry.
The week began with JP Morgan arguing that 2022 will be the year of “tokenization”. Meanwhile in the UK, MPs urged the government to once again rally its efforts and make stricter rules around crypto.
One of the arguments delivered by MPs was to include crypto as part of the Gambling Act review, a document designed to analyze and issue suggestions on the way the gambling industry in the country operates.
PayPal stepped forth and admitted that it’s working on stablecoins of its own. However, no exact date was given and for the time being, this is an internal project with no launch date set.
Drama was all part of this week’s ordeal as Mozilla reminded consumers that it would not mind being donated Doge or Bitcoin (BTC). Things got ugly very soon after, though, as co-founder Jamie Zawinski blasted the foundation in the most unflattering terms he could muster.
No amount of criticism has been able to stop the advance of the Chinese digital yuan. The special digital wallet created to accommodate this CBDC has quickly become one of the most downloaded apps on almost any mobile app shop in the country.
As Kazakhstan faced some of its worst political unrest, Spain decided to step forward and offer plans for establishing crypto mining – an unlikely idea given how much the Green Party opposes the industry.
Ethereum continues to pull ahead of other currencies with more developers tuning in to work on the protocol. And, speaking of mining, Tesla owners have been using their cars to mine BTC, which may not be a good idea, given that a new Tesla battery may easily cost you $30,000.
But perhaps the boldest move this week comes from billionaire Bill Miller who shifted half of his net worth into BTC, making t one of the biggest investments by anyone into the sector.
It’s not all work and no play in the crypto sector though, as Coinbase announced that it would give employees four mandatory weeks off during which the company will be running on a skeletal crew.


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Congress MLA resigns to join TMC
Kolkata: Humayun Kabir, Congress legislator and a loyalist of Minister of state for Railways Adhir Chowdhury Friday resigned from the party to join the Trinamool Congress in West Bengal.
Kabir, the MLA from Rejinagar in Murshidabad district said in a letter faxed to WBPCC President Pradip Bhattacherjee and Chowdhury, that he was quitting the party and all posts.
"I resigned from all Congress posts. I will also put in my papers as MLA and join the Trinamool Congress on November 20," he said from Rejinagar.
"I have already got in touch with Chief Minister Mamata Banerjee and held talks with TMC`s all India General Secretary Mukul Roy," he said.
Kabir is likely to be inducted in the ministry in a reshuffle expected next week.
To a question, Kabir said he would meet Assembly Speaker Biman Banerjee on November 20 to submit his resignation as MLA and discuss the technicalities of his quitting the Congress.
Kabir, a first time MLA and an associate of Adhir Chowdhury since 1998 was not getting along well with him. He was also the Murshidabad district Congress and president of the party`s district kisan cell.
He also claimed that he quit the party as it had lost confidence in building up a proper movement against the CPI(M).
Another Congress MLA Krishnendu Chowdhury from the Congress stronghold of Malda district would join the Trinamool Congress on November 20 and is likely to be inducted into the ministry in the ministerial reshuffle.
"I will join Trinamool Congress on November 20 in Kolkata," Krishnendu Chowdhury, chairman of the Englishbazar Municipality in Malda district told PTI over phone.
He, however, evaded a query whether he would resign as MLA.
Murshidabad district party secretary Mafuz Alam said it was unfortunate that Kabir resigned to join TMC `to fulfil his personal ambitions`.
WBPCC chief Pradip Bhattacherjee had said that it was clear that the sole agenda of the TMC appeared to breakup of the Congress in the state.
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domain: news


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Elisabeth Murdoch’s Shine Group Shakes Up Senior Management Across U.K. TV Sister Companies
Shine TV joint managing directors Jamie Munro and Karen Smith exit as changes take effect.
LONDON -- Elisabeth Murdoch’s Shine Group is restructuring its senior management team to bring its Shine Group U.K. companies under the joint leadership of Henrietta Conrad and Jane Featherstone.
Shine TV joint managing directors Jamie Munro and Karen Smith step down from their roles and will not be replaced, the company said.
Princess Productions and Kudos chief executive’s Conrad and Featherstone will be tasked with joint responsibility for the U.K. as joint chairmen.
In addition to their current roles as CEOs of Kudos and Princess Productions, U.K.-based company Dragonfly will report to Featherstone who will continue to oversee comedy and drama labels Brown Eyed Boy and Lovely Day.
Shine TV will report into Conrad who also becomes its chief executive.
The move aims to provide greater opportunity for closer collaboration between the U.K. businesses and “to provide greater clarity of focus for each.”
The management shuffle will also see Shine TV enhance its focus on factual, factual entertainment and features genres with Kelly Webb-Lamb moving from Princess to become creative director, Shine TV.
All current factual, factual entertainment and features series at Princess will move under the Shine TV label.
Previous Princess Productions include output such as Got To Dance for Sky 1 and Eddie Stobart: Trucks and Trailers for Channel 5.
Princess Productions will then focus on entertainment, comedy entertainment and daytime output, with Duncan Gray remaining as creative director and both new, and current, entertainment series at Shine TV coming under the Princess banner.
Both companies will collaborate closely on developments that cross genres.
Murdoch said: “This re-structure promotes centers of excellence, provides clarity for our partners, and increased opportunities for the production teams.”
Shine Group is the parent banner for 27 production companies across 12 countries including Metronome in the Nordic region, Shine Germany, Shine France, Shine Australia and Shine Iberia all set up within the last three years. Shine International, the group’s international sales arm is responsible distributes over 3000 hours of broadcast content annually.

domain: entertainment


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Switching from diesel fuel to natural gas may hold advantages for the U.S.' heavy-duty trucking fleet, but more needs to be done to reach the full environmental benefits, according to a report released by the Institute of Transportation Studies at the University of California, Davis, and Rice University.
With the so-called ‘shale revolution,’ the recent emergence of natural gas as an abundant, inexpensive fuel in the U.S. has raised the possibility of a larger shift in the level of natural gas used in transportation. The report examines the economic and environmental viability of such a shift, and whether it could enable a transition to lower-carbon transport fuels.
“On a resilience basis, an energy-security basis and on an economic basis, there can be advantages to switching to natural gas in key locations,” says lead author Amy Myers Jaffe, executive director for energy and sustainability at UC Davis and an affiliate at ITS-Davis. “But to have an environmental advantage for reducing greenhouse gas emissions would take significant policy intervention.”
The report identifies California, the Great Lakes and mid-Atlantic areas as places that are well positioned to launch a small, initial natural gas transportation network for heavy-duty trucking due to their proximity to high-volume travel corridors. In California, the report says, a profitable natural gas network could be launched for less than $100 million.
Such a network could do the following:
– Enable a faster transition to renewable natural gas, biogas and waste-to-energy pathways;
– Improve energy security and weather-event resiliency by diversifying the geographic fuel supply; and
– Potentially lower the cost of national freight supply chains, which could enhance global U.S. competitiveness by lowering domestic fuel costs for long-distance trucking in the U.S.
However, the report says stricter efficiency standards for natural gas heavy-duty trucks and stronger regulations of methane leakage along the natural gas supply chain are necessary for natural gas to advance California's climate and air quality goals as a trucking fuel. The report further claims the most economical natural gas engine technologies have a lower level of climate performance.
“It takes more natural gas than diesel fuel to go the same distance,” explains Myers Jaffe. “So unless you're using the best technology for the natural gas truck, you lose some of the benefit of it being a cleaner fuel.”
The study also says the cost-benefit for natural gas as a direct fuel is most compelling for heavy-duty truck fleets whose vehicles travel 120,000 miles a year or more.
The report, “Exploring the Role of Natural Gas in U.S. Trucking,” is from ITS-Davis' NextSTEPS program. The full study is available here.


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What do you get when you put a couple dogs in a photo booth? Only the cutest book ever!
Lynn Terry, captures the adorableness that is dog selfies in her new photo book, Tails From The Booth. We hosted Lynn and some of her furry friends in our office and it did not disappoint. Spending all day with dogs and peanut butter was a slice of doggy heaven we would trade for any day. Check out the video below of their day in the S&S office and Sit… Watch… Smile!
You may have spotted some special guest stars in the video… Susie and Simon from Susie’s Senior Dogs!
Take our quiz below to find out what type of Tails From The Booth dog you are!


Concert: the group Addie & Olin Unleashed
- When: Friday, March 8, 2013, 7 p.m. to 9 p.m.
- Where: Stony Creek Town Hall, Stony Creek
- Cost: Not available
- Age limit: Not available
- Categories: Community, Folk, Jazz, Live
STONY CREEK — Concert: the group Addie & Olin Unleashed, 7 p.m. to 9 p.m. in Stony Creek Town Hall. Offbeat group features jazz, folk, Irish tunes and originals on a wide variety of instruments. 696-5911.


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It has been two and a half days.
By now we know that in the early morning hours of June 12th, 2016, a crazed, Islamist extremist took a small arsenal of legally obtained weapons in to a nightclub frequented by the LGBTQ community in Orlando, and then proceeded to murder 49 people and wound 53 more.
Now that the initial shock and horror of that atrocity has started to subside, with the smoke barely settled, people are starting to retreat in to their sadly predictable factions.
Liberals are blaming gun culture in the United States. A culture that makes possible with obscene ease, the purchase of weapons of mass destruction (unless of course we decide that killing 49 people does not qualify as “mass” destruction). A gun culture that is a fact of American life. A gun culture which makes massacres like Orlando (and Charleston, and San Bernardino, and Sandy Hook, and Virginia Tech, and Aurora, and Columbine, etc.) so “easy” to pull off. The liberals don’t mention Islamist extremism.
Conservatives are blaming Islam. In fact, the presumptive presidential nominee for the Republican Party, Donald Trump, is once again calling on the United States to ban all Muslims from entering the country (never mind that the killer in Orlando was born in New York). The conservatives don’t mention guns.
The reality of course is that this most recent and most deadly atrocity was about homophobic bigotry, fueled by Islamist extremism, and made possible by guns.
There are clearly multiple variables at play. By focusing only on the variable that validates our political narrative, not only are we are dishonoring the lives stolen by this kind of hatred and violence, but we are leaving the door wide open for the next attack. We are being pitifully myopic. If we only attack guns, extremists will use bombs or knives or whatever tools they can find to main and kill others. In the case of Islamist extremism, if we vilify all Muslims, the extremists among them will simply use anti-Muslim bigotry and xenophobia as tools for recruitment and convenient excuses for more extremism. We clearly have to talk seriously about both the obscenely easy access we have to the tools of murder as well as the perversion of certain religious ideologies that inspire murderous behaviors.
Here is what must happen:
We have to better control the proliferation of weapons designed to kill. As a simple start, people who are deemed too dangerous to board a plane, should also be deemed too dangerous to purchase a gun.
We have to eradicate Islamist extremism. Preferably by convincing adherents that their extremist interpretation of Islam is morally bankrupt to the degree that they begin to once again place value on human well-being; but by force if they insist on violence against others.
Both of these actions are going to take time, so what can we do now? We can ensure that all people are treated with the same dignity and respect expected within a free and open society, particularly people such as those in the LGBTQ community, who are consistently targeted for derision by those who think their holy texts, irrespective of the religion, compel them to denigrate LGBTQ people as unworthy, sinful and broken. For example, Christian politicians in the United States don’t get to “pray for Orlando” in one breath, and in the next, make the lives of LGBTQ people who aren’t being laid to rest, miserable by restricting their restrooms or the marriages or their adoptions or whatever else they can find that helps them discriminate in the name of “Biblical” or “family” values.
Fundamentally, we have to champion and promote the “liberal” in the classical sense and secular values that make pluralistic societies work. These are the values that erode the walls between factions. We have to promote across the globe, freedom of speech, freedom of press, freedom of conscious, freedom of ideas, freedom from tyranny, and the rule of law.
If history is any guide, understanding that our problems are more complicated than any one faction would have you believe will take time. So in the meantime, consider a contribution of financial support to the victims now.
We all will make a difference. We have to.

domain: sociology


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Detour Concepts is reinventing hospitality through its unique boutique concepts and unmatched care for its people, guests and staff. We love our people, we care for what we feed them and how we serve them, we love our communities. Our Staff are our proud strong point, their well being is our priority. This is our belief and our cooperate culture we live by. Love, care, hospitality, you & our staff. Take a Detour!
For more than 25 years, Yaser Khalaf has shared his love of great food with his customers. Born in Kuwait, Yaser’s passion for the hospitality industry began with a pizza parlor he opened while a student at the University of Kentucky. He went on to grow the restaurant company to 14 locations throughout northern Kentucky. Over the years, Yaser has perfected his skills in creating successful restaurants that capitalize on popular and emerging food trends.
Copyright © 2020 Detour Concepts Group. All rights reserved.

domain: food


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Flash Multi-Purpose WordPress Theme for creating awesome websites
Flash is a multi-purpose wordpress theme created by ThemeGrill. Flash is the very easy, flexible and advanced WordPress theme comes with awesome features mostly only available in premium themes.
This free theme contains Drag and Drop Page Builder, Flash Toolkit Plugin, 6+ Widget Areas, 11+ Custom Widgets, Search Engine Optimization, WooCommerce Compatible, Responsive Design etc.
You can create awesome websites and online presentations with this theme. Installation and modification is very easy and a full functional website can be crated with number of clicks. Also this theme helps the users with tutorials and tips to get the results accurately.
Flash has some other usefull widget in pocket to help you like Service widget, Call to Action widget, Testimonial widget, Portfolio widget, Animated Number Counter, Boxed & Wide Layout etc. You can get more options with pro version.


While Adele continues to conquer the world with her record-breaking 21, an honest collection of bluesy, rollicking odes to heartbreak and sorrow (which is still the best-selling record of 2012, despite being released last year), England may well have just found themselves their next humble hometown glory by the name of Jessie Ware.
Ware shares little in common with Adele musically, apart from heaps of talent and a rich, magnificent voice filled with soul–hers is a much more velvety, melodic affair (or as she describes it, “malleable”), resulting in what sounds like a blend between Sade, Aaliyah and at times, Whitney Houston.
Classically trained (though originally intending to become a journalist!), the songstress began making inroads in the industry after lending vocals to tracks by UK trip-hop, dubstep and garage producers, including SBTRKT and DJ Joker, from UK radio station Rinse FM (the same group responsible for making Katy B happen.) From there, Ware got to work with Dave Okumu of The Invisible and Julio Bashmore to begin carving out her debut.
The result is Devotion, a stunning, masterful debut that shines from start to finish and spans across several decades of soul, R&B and dance that’s all but disappeared from radio today–from ’70s funk and disco, to the slinky, laid-back soul of the ’80’s, to traces of early ’90’s R&B.
That is not to say that Devotion is a throwback record, though. If anything, it’s timeless.
There are dozens of musical treats packed into the package: The Prince-esque sizzle of “Running,” the strange, tribal drums evoking the Swede-pop weirdness of Fever Ray and Niki & The Dove on “Still Love Me,” the Róisín Murphy-like disco revivalism of “No To Love.”
Ware displays impressive versatility throughout, proving herself to be far more than merely a dance vocalist: “Wildest Moments,” the latest single from campaign, is a stunning win for fans of classic balladry. “Baby, in our wildest moments, we could be the greatest/Baby in our wildest moments, we could be the worst of all,” the singer declares above a soldiering drum beat.
“Taking In Water,” a piano-led ballad found in the album’s closing moments, is a sweeping, aching number that delivers the kind of wallop of emotion that only a proper diva could provide. “I’m taking in water for you, my love/Pulling you out, I’ll take the blow,” she cries out.
And while there’s not even a single dud on the record, the brightest moments come in the form of pure, timeless soul: “Sweet Talk,” which might as well be an updated form of Sade’s “The Sweetest Taboo,” is wrapped up in warm, jazzy melodies and smooth vocals. “Night Light,” similarly, feels like an instant classic upon first play, filled with jam session guitar riffs and a funky bass line.
Despite revisiting familiar sensations, the record ultimately looks forward: Album opener and namesake “Devotion,” for instance, slowly creeps atop tripping synthesizers and moody ambient noises recalling the eerie creep-hop of The Weeknd. “You say you want to love, but do you want it enough?” Ware ponders in a near whisper. The UK garage-infused “110%” is just as forward-thinking, as the songstress coolly crooning atop a frantic, skittering beat while repeating a very Robyn-esque mantra: “Still dancing on my own.”
In the end, Devotion is much, much more than a spectacular pick ‘n’ mix of musical references (and it would be a disservice to label it as such!) Ware’s crafted an incredibly unique, refreshing sound in Devotion, resulting in what will easily be considered one of the year’s finest records.
Her brand of music, while still rooted in elements of dance, may not immediately appeal to the synth-laden, sweat-drenched EDM currently dominating on the charts. But perhaps, like Adele, her stellar tunes will rise to the top, providing radio with a much-needed injection of soothing soul.
Devotion was released on August 20. (iTunes UK)


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U.S. Health Care Today: The Industry, its Challenges and Opportunities
- Nov 1, 2019
One of the sessions at the recent 2019 EisnerAmper Family Office Summit focused on the challenges and opportunities inherent in the current health care environment. Panelists Dr. Mehmood Khan, CEO and board member of Life Bioscience and Tina Freese Decker, president and CEO of Spectrum Health, joined moderator Timothy Speiss, partner and co-leader of the Personal Wealth Advisors practice of EisnerAmper for a session focused on providing better access to information on staying healthy; including information such as how to shop for food, prepare foods, and eat more nutritiously. One example is by using technology to provide online classes to educate children as young as elementary school age what to eat and what not to eat. Such access not only will provide someone with the right nutritional knowledge from a young age but also will result in prolonging one’s time period of being healthy rather than having chronically diseased longevity.
One of the challenges that we’re facing is the rising number of the aging population vs. the falling number of younger generations, which means that the aging population will have less human power to care for them. In addition to leaning on artificial intelligence to potentially assist with the lack of future caretakers, researchers are also focusing on ways to change the biology of the aging population to potentially manage the danger of exposure to chronic diseases that comes with longevity. Finally, to truly improve and manage chronic disease would potentially require a system wide change.
Another area discussed were the advances in DNA testing. Contrary to popular belief, DNA testing will only let a person know their genetic disposition. This would not necessarily predict what disease one will eventually suffer from.
There was also a discussion on government-provided medical plans such as Medicare and Medicaid as compared to private insurance. The panel discussed whether the two systems can co-exist and what problems it might cause. About 20% of the population is below the poverty line or they get their day-to-day support from charities.
It is a very exciting, ever-changing and yet challenging time in today’s health care. There is still much to be done, however, we are surely making progress towards providing better care and access to society.
If you have any questions, we'd like to hear from you.
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Thursday, December 07, 2006
Neva Dinova--The Hate Yourself Change (2005)
Album-The Hate Yourself Change
Release Date-Feb 8, 2005
Genre/Style-Dream Pop/Indie Pop
Review-As Omaha, Nebraska creeps slowly closer to becoming to folksy singer/songwriters what Seattle was to grunge, with Saddle Creek as the movement's Sub Pop, Conor Oberst playing the roll of star-child Kurt Cobain and the Faint somehow wedged in by the media, expect to find Sidecho Records and Neva Dinova in the sidebar of some major media article. Not exploding on to the national stage, but in many ways more worthy than their civic counterparts. Guitarist/vocalist Jake Bellows has an enigmatic quality that is hard to forget, switch hitting between solo acoustic ache on the opener "Hat O'er Eyes" to whiskey-still crooner on Yellow Datsun" where he proclaims "I got morphine in my sleeves. Got some stars in my eyes." On the country dirge of "The Champion," these characters, who include bassists Heath Koontz, drummer Roger Lewis and guitarists Tim Haes and Mike Kratkey could easily be mistaken for Americana figureheads Wilco, but for the dark ambience that fills the gaps between the gingerly strummed Fender telecasters and warbling vintage vibrato. The Hammond takes the lead on "Can't Wait To See You," with the minor-key sorrow given to this sort of backwoods songwriting. Add in the classic line on "Cold Call," "I dream of murder, and you," and you've got one clear case of the poor white-boy blues, but with the male choral of "The worlds a sh*tty place and I can't wait to die" on "I've Got a Feeling," you can't help but snicker. Emo-folk with its heart in the reverb.


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When you have something to say about everything that goes around you, and mother nature has also gifted you with an artistic talent, capacity of synthesis and a brilliant sense of humor, well, at that point, you can’t back out anymore. You just have to tell, you just have to write. This must be pretty much what happened to Javirroyo too, when for the first time he felt the need to “write with drawings”. A sort of torment, or maybe not. There are those who take that “to be or not to be” with great serenity, because basically being able to get rid of certain throes, through art, instead of striving in vain to leave them behind, in the daily grind, sometimes can prove to be a real fortune.
Artist and illustrator from Barcelona, Spain, Javirroyo is Founder and Creative Director of Chispum Studio — for which he created the decorative vinyl brand. His designs and illustrations are distributed in Europe, the United States, Canada, Asia and Latin America. He has illustrated for publications such as Interviú — illustrating Juanjo Millás — and El País, among others.


Joining us is Vicky Ward, a New York Times bestselling author, investigative journalist and the host and co-producer of Chasing Ghislaine. In 2002 Vicky conducted one of the few interviews ever given by Jeffrey Epstein, the disgraced financier and convicted sex offender.
Vicky has now turned her sights on Epstein’s former confidante, Ghislaine Maxwell. The British socialite is currently on trial for allegedly helping Epstein to prey on young girls. Subsequently, Vicky has turned her investigative work into a hit podcast series and new 3-part docuseries, which is available on Discovery+ in the UK and US.
Vicky fills us in on the latest events surrounding Ghislaine Maxwell’s trial and continuing efforts to get to the bottom of this murky tale.
“I’ve never had such a horrific experience reporting, before or since.” – Vicky Ward
00:00 – The trailer from the docuseries Chasing Ghislaine.
03:08 – What the documentary is all about.
10:24 – The narcissistic nature of Jeffrey Epstein and how he got under people’s skin.
18:13 – Vicky’s relationship with Annie Farmer and her cross-examination.
22:11 – What the media isn’t reporting about the trial.
26:39 – The difficult position the jury is in.
31:44 – Why the prosecution hasn’t brought forward some key witnesses.
36:29 – The importance of hearing the defence’s case before making judgment.
42:14 – The mystery around Robert Maxwell and how Ghislaine and Epstein met.
49:08 – The range of litigations and cases related to Epstein.
53:26 – Why Vicky feels less vulnerable producing a podcast than writing a book.
55:54 – The difference in writing content for podcasts rather than books.
58:35 – The next project Vicky’s working on which focuses on a gothic murder mystery.
1:01:30 – The legacy Vicky hopes to leave with her Chasing Ghislaine docuseries.
1:03:28 – A clip showing Jeffrey Epstein’s relationship towards women.


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Sarah Rizwan Qazi, Noor ul Haq, Shakeel Ahmad and Samina N. Shakeel* Pages 196 - 203 ( 8 )
Background: Previous methods used to discover cis-regulatory motifs in promoter region of plant genes possess very limited performance, especially for analysis of novel and rare motifs. Different plant genes have differential expression under different environmental or experimental conditions and modular regulation of cis-regulatory sequences in promoter regions of the same or different genes. It has previously been revealed that Heat Shock Proteins (HSPs) creation is correlated with plant tolerance under heat and other stress conditions. Regulation of these HSP genes is controlled by interactions between heat shock factors (HSFs) with cis-acting motifs present in the promoter region of the genes. Differential expression of these HSP genes is because of their unique promoter architecture, cis-acting sequences and their interaction with HSFs.
Objective: A versatile promoter analysis tool was proposed for identification and analysis of promoters of HSPs.
Methods: Heat Shock Element Analysis Tool (HSEAT) has been implemented in java programming language using pattern recognition approach. This tool has build-in MS access database for storing different motifs.
Results: HSEAT has been designed to detect different types of Heat Shock Elements (HSEs) in promoter regions of plant HSPs with integration of complete analysis of plant promoters to the tool. HSEAT is user-friendly, interactive application to discover various types of HSEs e.g. TTC Rich Types, Gap Types and Prefect HSE as well as STRE in HSPs. Here we examined and evaluated some known HSP promoters from different plants using this tool with already available tools.
Conclusion: HSEAT has extensive potential to explore conserved or semi-conserved motifs or potential binding sites of different transcription factors for other stress regulating genes. This tool can be found at https://sourceforge.net/projects/heast/.
Heat shock element, heat shock proteins, plants, stress, motifs, transcription.
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University 45320, Islamabad, Department of Computer Science and Bioinformatics, Khushal Khan Khattak University 27200, Karak, Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan Institute of Science and Technology (PINSTECH), Nilore, Islamabad, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University 45320, Islamabad


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Syndax is a clinical stage biopharmaceutical company developing entinostat as a combination therapy in multiple cancer indications with an initial focus on tumors that have shown sensitivity to immunotherapy, including lung cancer, melanoma and triple negative breast cancer. Entinostat is an oral, small molecule drug candidate that has direct effects on both cancer cells and immune regulatory cells, potentially enhancing the body’s immune response to tumors.
Syndax is working in collaboration with Merck to study the combination of entinostat with Merck’s Keytruda® (pembrolizumab) in a Phase 1b/2 clinical trial of patients with non-small cell lung cancer or melanoma. The Phase 1b portion of the clinical trial will evaluate the safety and tolerability of the combination of entinostat and Keytruda and the Phase 2 portion of the clinical trial will assess the efficacy of entinostat combined with Keytruda in patients with either non-small cell lung cancer or melanoma. Syndax has also entered into a collaboration with Genentech to evaluate the safety, tolerability and preliminary efficacy of entinostat in combination with Genentech’s atezolizumab in a Phase 1b/2 clinical trial of patients with triple negative breast cancer.
Additionally, Syndax is providing financial and operational support for an ongoing Phase 3 clinical trial in advanced HR+ breast cancer in combination with Aromasin (exemestane). The Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group-American College of Radiology Imaging Network Cancer Research Group (ECOG-ACRIN) is conducting this clinical trial under sponsorship and funding support from the National Cancer Institute (NCI). The Phase 3 clinical trial is designed to determine whether the addition of entinostat to Aromasin (exemestane) improves progression-free survival, overall survival, or both in patients who have previously progressed after treatment with standard-of-care hormonal agents.
Additional NCI- and investigator-sponsored combination clinical trials of entinostat and immuno-oncology agents in solid tumors further establish Syndax’s broad immune-directed program.

domain: biology


Spurs vs. Suns odds: NBA picks from expert who's 22-11 on Phoenix games
Larry Hartstein has his finger on the pulse of the Suns and just locked in a pick for Wednesday
Two Western Conference teams collide Wednesday when the San Antonio Spurs visit the Phoenix Suns in a prime-time showdown. The Spurs are listed as 9.5-point favorites, with the over-under for total points scored set at 203.
Before you lock in your bets, you need to see what SportsLine senior analyst Larry Hartstein has to say. The veteran NBA handicapper has been locked in when it comes to identifying the tendencies of the Suns. He is on an impressive 22-11 run against the spread in selecting games involving Phoenix.
Now, Hartstein has locked in a play for Wednesday, and you can only see it at SportsLine.
Hartstein knows the youth-laden Suns have lost eight of their past nine and will be without star point guard Devin Booker, who is dealing with a hip injury. They were competitive for a half Tuesday against the Los Angeles Lakers before eventually falling 112-93 and failing to cover an eight-point spread.
Even so, Phoenix has been a sometimes-stubborn home underdog. The home team has covered five straight in this series and the Suns are 4-1 ATS coming off a loss against the number.
Hartstein also knows the Spurs are having struggles of their own. They visit Phoenix coming off a five-game homestand in which they lost three times, including back-to-back defeats to the Rockets and Jazz.
They still lead the NBA in scoring defense at 98 points per game, but their lack of offensive firepower (100.9 ppg, No. 27) has been the primary liability.
San Antonio is on a 7-3 ATS run in this series, and is 8-2 ATS this season when coming off a straight-up loss.
Which side of the spread is a must-back? Visit SportsLine now to see which side of Spurs-Suns you should be all over on Wednesday, all from an expert who's 22-11 on picks involving the Suns.
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Oladipo went down late in the second quarter against the Raptors
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DeGARTHE, W.E. DeGARTHE, W.E.
Title: This is Peggy's Cove, N.S.
Seller ID: 1509
DeGARTHE, W.E. This is Peggy's Cove, N.S....Canada. Illustrated by the author. N.pl.: n. pub., n.d. (Copyright 1956). Pp (36). Illustrated. 8vo, card covers. William Edward DeGarthe (b. April 14, 1907, Kaskinen, Finland - d. February 13, 1983, Toronto). MacDonald, A Dictionary of Canadian Artists, Vol. I, pp,171-2. Very good. NOTE: Shipping will be less for this slim item 10.00


Styles P, one third of The Lox, drops the visuals for his track “Never Trust” featuring Chris Rivers. The track is featured on Style’s project Phantom and the Ghost.
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AN INDEPENDENT Scottish government would employ a full-time regular defence force of 20,000 - an increase of 5,000 on the present military establishment employed in Scotland, the SNP conference was told yesterday.
Colin Campbell, the party’s defence spokesman, gave details of a Scottish Defence Service (SDS) which would operate in a nuclear-free Scotland following the removal of Trident.
Mr Campbell said current estimates showed that a defence programme would cost 600 million a year with an extra 300 million for works.
The total defence budget of 1.8 billion would be about the same figure as the Ministry of Defence currently spends in Scotland.
He told the delegates: "We are looking at a maximum establishment of 20,000 regular personnel in Scotland ... that is 5,000 extra people being paid in Scotland and spending their money in Scotland. That’s worth about 150 million a year."
He reckoned there would be 7,000 more indirect jobs as a result of the SNP’s defence policy.
Apart from 20,000 full-time regular troops, Scotland would also have 20,000 regular reservists and 8,000 part-time reservists.
A detailed defence policy unanimously approved by the conference declared that the prime function of the SDS would be to "defend the land, sea and air space of Scotland" and to "maintain a high standard of professionalism, adaptability and preparedness to enable it to carry out international obligations".
According to the policy, Scotland would work internationally to eliminate nuclear, biological and chemical weapons and establish a peacekeeping college.
The conference agreed an amendment which emphasised that decisions on defence taken by the Scottish government should be endorsed by the Scottish Parliament.
This change reflected the concerns of delegates at the UK government’s handling of the Iraq situation and the inability of the Westminster parliament to make its own decision on whether there should be military action against Saddam Hussein.
Dr Alasdair Allan, the Scottish parliament candidate for Gordon, said the SNP could go into the Holyrood election next year with a "practical proposition" to rid Scotland of nuclear weapons.
That could be achieved only by independence he stressed.
He argued that Trident had no moral, military or peacekeeping function in Scotland. Nuclear weapons cost the UK 600 million to maintain, they were dangerous and they were insane, Dr Allan said.
He added: "It’s insane that at a time when we are rightly condemning the activities of terrorists around the world and rightly finding ways of establishing peace in the trouble spots of the world that Britain has, as central to its defence policy, an armaments system whose sole function is killing civilians."
Kevin Pringle, the candidate for Edinburgh Central, said the SNP defence policy meant that Scotland would be strong at home and a good neighbour in the world. An independent Scotland would have the real strength that came from integrity in the world and its absolute support for the United Nations - "not the sham security of Trident and nuclear weapons".
The SNP’s defence strategy would mean withdrawal from NATO under plans already approved by the party’s national council.


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REFERENCE LINKING PLATFORM OF KOREA S&T JOURNALS
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Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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Korean Society of Precision Engineering
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Volume & Issues
Volume 21, Issue 12 - Dec 2004
Volume 21, Issue 11 - Nov 2004
Volume 21, Issue 10 - Oct 2004
Volume 21, Issue 9 - Sep 2004
Volume 21, Issue 8 - Aug 2004
Volume 21, Issue 7 - Jul 2004
Volume 21, Issue 6 - Jun 2004
Volume 21, Issue 5 - May 2004
Volume 21, Issue 4 - Apr 2004
Volume 21, Issue 3 - Mar 2004
Volume 21, Issue 2 - Feb 2004
Volume 21, Issue 1 - Jan 2004
Selecting the target year
Intelligent Home-Care System
Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering, volume 21, issue 2, 2004, Pages 7~13
Customized Environment Design and Control for the Elderly
Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering, volume 21, issue 2, 2004, Pages 14~20
A Study on Die of Bearing Rubber Seal by Formed Tool
Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering, volume 21, issue 2, 2004, Pages 21~26
The formed tool is used to machine the geometrical shape of bearing rubber seal efficiently. The bearing rubber seal has complex geometry for the complicated geometrical shape to prevent leakage of lubricant oil and influx of the dust effectively. Because it is difficult to machine the unique shape exactly by the conventional tool, the formed tool is used in machining a rubber seal die. In this paper, It is performed to investigate machining characteristic of the formed tool； cutting edge wear, cutting force, and surface quality. Also, an efficient precision machining condition is proposed, and the inspection results of rubber seal with CAI are discussed.
A study on searching method of molding condition to control the thickness reduction of optical lens in plastic injection molding process
Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering, volume 21, issue 2, 2004, Pages 27~34
In the injection molding of plastic optical lenses, the molding conditions have critical effects on the quality of the molded lenses. Since there are many molding parameters involved in injection molding process, determination of the molding conditions for lens molding is very important in order to precisely control the surface contours of an optical lens. Therefore this paper presents the application of neural network in suggesting the optimized molding conditions for improving the quality of molded parts based on data of FE Analysis carried out through CAE software, Timon-3D. Suggested model in this paper, which serves to learn from the data of FE Analysis and induce the values for optimized molding conditions. has been implemented for searching the molding conditions without void and with minimized thickness shrinkage at lens center of injection molding optical lens. As the result of this study. we have confirmed that void creation at the inside of lens is primarily determined by mold temperature and thickness shrinkage at center of lens is primarily determined by the parameters such as holding pressure and mold temperature.
Position Control of Sliding Mode Control Systems with Compensation of Estimated Coulomb friction
Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering, volume 21, issue 2, 2004, Pages 35~42
The control systems with friction cause the steady state error and slow response, because friction is a sensitive to the change of system condition and has highly nonlinear characteristics. To overcome these problems and do precise position control for a ball-screw system, we use Coulomb friction estimator and the sliding mode control(SMC) to compensate its negative effect. The applied SMC for tracking position has a characteristics of robust stability and reducing chattering, and is derived from the Lyapunov stability theorem and reaching condition. Compensating the estimated friction torque to the bounded disturbance term of the SMC's equivalent control input, it has a tracking performance better than the PID from the experimental results.
Powerflow Simulation Software of the Automotive Powertrain through the Combination of the Components (I)： Development of the Automatic Powerflow Generation Module
Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering, volume 21, issue 2, 2004, Pages 43~51
In this paper, the element combination algorithm for designing an arbitrary type of the automatic transmissions is proposed. The powertrain simulation software using this algorithm is then developed. The deliveries of the angular velocities and torques are only considered for the motion characteristics of the automatic transmissions. The effects of the vibration and noise are not considered. The automatic transmission is defined by the basic elements, i.e., planetary gear set, clutch, brake, shaft, general gear, and inertia. The transmission system is defined by the combination of these elements. The element combination matrices automatically generate the equations of motion for each shift. The self error-correcting algorithm is also developed to verify the element combination algorithm. This automotive powertrain simulation/design software with user-friendly graphic user interface has two main modules. The first module, the automatic powerflow generation module, mainly consists of the automatic powerflow and component generation algorithms. This paper covers the theory and application for the first module. The second module deals with the automatic system generation algorithm and will be discussed in the second paper.
Powerflow Simulation Software of the Automotive Powertrain through the Combination of the Components (II)： Development of the Automatic System Generation Module
Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering, volume 21, issue 2, 2004, Pages 52~59
In this paper, the automatic system generation algorithm based on the element combination algorithm discussed in the first part of this paper for designing an arbitrary type of the automatic transmissions is proposed. The powertrain design software using these algorithms is developed. This automotive powertrain design software with user-friendly graphic user interface has two main modules. The first module, the automatic power flow generation module, is already discussed in the previous paper. The second module dealing with the automatic system generation algorithm is discussed in this paper. The power-flow simulation software fur the arbitrary type of powertrain is then developed. The simulation and experimental results of the vehicle equipped with two planetary gear type automatic transmission are compared to validate the proposed algorithms and developed software. The simulation results demonstrate the good agreement with the experimental results.
A Study on the Flame Monitoring System Development
Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering, volume 21, issue 2, 2004, Pages 60~66
Increased energy costs have placed demands for improved combustion efficiency, high equipment availability, low maintenance and safe operation. Simultaneously low NOx modification, installed due to stricter environmental legislations, require very careful combustion management. The flame diagnostics system has been developed specially to meet these requirements. We aimed at gaining the relationship between burner flame image and emissions such as NOx and unburned carbon in furnace by utilizing the image processing method. For the first step of development, its possibility test was undertaken with bench furnace. The test proceeded to the second step with pilot furnace, the system was observed to be effective for evaluating the combustion conditions.
Dynamic Modeling and LQG/LTR Controller Design for the Flexible Structures
Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering, volume 21, issue 2, 2004, Pages 67~73
Some of Spacecraft's structures are flexible so that a certain expected disturbance can easily excite a low frequency vibration on these structures, having very low natural damping. Such vibration will degrade the performance of the system, which should to be kept in a specific shape or attitude against the undesired vibration. In this paper, LQG/LTR controller is developed using an additional dynamic model to increase the performance of the frequency responses at low frequency area. This study presents that the LQG/LTR design was an effective controller for the flexible structure.
Disturbance Compensation Control of An Active Magnetic Bearing System by Multiple FXLMS Algorithm - Theory
Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering, volume 21, issue 2, 2004, Pages 74~82
In this paper, a disturbance feedforward compensator design technique is proposed for an active magnetic bearing system subject to base motion for attenuating disturbance responses. In the consideration of the requirements on the model accuracy in the model based compensator designs, an experimental feedforward compensator design based on adaptive estimation by means of the Multiple Filtered-x least mean square(MFXLMS) algorithm is proposed. The performance and the effectiveness of the proposed technique will be presented in the succeeding paper in which the proposed technique is applied to a 2-DOF active magnetic bearing system subject to base motion.
Disturbance Compensation Control of An Active Magnetic Bearing System by Multiple FXLMS Algorithm - Experiments
Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering, volume 21, issue 2, 2004, Pages 83~91
This paper illustrates the feasibility and the effectiveness of the disturbance feedforward compensation control proposed in the previous paper. The compensator is designed experimentally by means of the Multiple Filtered-x Least Mean Square algorithm. A 2-DOF active magnetic bearing system subject to base motion is built and the compensation control is applied. The experimental results demonstrate that the compensation control reduces the air-gap responses within 10
of those by the feedback control alone without increasing the control inputs.
Error Analysis and Alignment Tolerancing for Confocal Scanning Microscope using Monte Carlo Method
Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering, volume 21, issue 2, 2004, Pages 92~99
The errors can cause the serious loss of the performance of a precision machine system. In this paper, we proposed the method of allocating the alignment tolerances of the parts and applied this method to get the optimal tolerances of a Confocal Scanning Microscope. In general, tight tolerances are required to maintain the performance of a system, but a high cost of manufacturing and assembling is required to preserve the tight tolerances. The purpose of allocating the optimal tolerances is minimizing the cost while keeping the high performance of the system. In the optimal problem, we maximized the tolerances while maintaining the performance requirements. The Monte Carlo Method, a statistical simulation method, is used in tolerance analysis. Alignment tolerances of optical components of the confocal scanning microscope are optimized to minimize the cost and to maintain the observation performance of the microscope. We can also apply this method to the other precision machine system.
Development of a Web-based Powertrain Performance Simulation System
Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering, volume 21, issue 2, 2004, Pages 100~107
The development of a Web-based powertrain performance simulation system is introduced. The development approach of system architecture and each module is introduced along with the H/W and S/W used. The interface with all users is developed via a JAVA Applet. The powertrain modeling and other job history data of a user is managed systematically on the server by database to increase the reusability of the data. A self-developed program using object-oriented programming is used as a solver for the performance simulation. The graph tool for the analysis of simulation results has the collaboration support developed based on JAVA so that synchronous users can view the same result. As a result, the powertrain simulation is possible only with Web-browser for the user and the collaboration support among the relevant engineers is possible.
Numerical Simulation and Experimental Studies on Lubricating System of Scroll Compressor
Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering, volume 21, issue 2, 2004, Pages 108~115
Experiment and analytical studies on the oil supply characteristics of scroll compressor have been presented. For a scroll compressor, oil supply system consisting of individual lubricating element such as pumps, oil passages and sliding surfaces has been modeled by equivalent electric circuit. By solving the closed network equations of the model, oil flow rates at various lubrication elements could be obtained. Total amount of the oil flow rate drawn into the shaft has been measured and compared reasonably well with the prediction by the numerical simulation.
Development of Static-explicit rigid-plastic finite Element Method and Investigate the offset of strain increment in Osakada method
Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering, volume 21, issue 2, 2004, Pages 116~121
In rigid-plastic finite element method, there is a heavy computation time and convergence problem. In this study, static-explicit rigid-plastic finite element method will be introduced. This method is the way that restrict the convergence interval. It is expected that various results from the numerical analysis will give very useful information for the design of tools in sheet metal forming process.
Prediction of thermal shock failure of glass during PDP manufacturing process
Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering, volume 21, issue 2, 2004, Pages 122~129
There is an increasing need for large flat panel display devices. PDP (Plasma Display Panel) is one of the most promising candidates for this need. Thermal shock failure of PDP glass during manufacturing process is a critical issue in PDP industry since it is closely related to the product yield and the production speed. In this study, thermal shock resistance of PDP glass is measured by water quenching test and an analysis scheme is described for estimating transient temperature and stress distributions during thermal shock. Based on the experimental data and the analysis results, a simple procedure for predicting the thermal shock failure of PDP glass is proposed. The fast cooling process for heated glass plates can accelerate the speed of PDP production, but often leads to thermal shock failure of the glass plates. Therefore, a design guideline for preventing the failure is presented from a viewpoint of high speed PDP manufacturing process. This design guideline can be used for PDP process design and thermal -shock failure prevention.
A Study on Development of Railway Reducer for Low Noise/Vibration
Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering, volume 21, issue 2, 2004, Pages 130~137
A dynamic model of railway reducer is developed by the lumped parameter method. The model accounts for shafts, bearings flexibilities, gyroscopic effects and the force couplings among the transverse and torsion motions due to gearing. Vibration/noise analysis as well as strength of gear teeth, and bearing life are considered. Excitation forces of railway reduction are considered as the mass unbalance of the rotors, misalignment and a function of gear transmission error which comes from the modified tooth surface. A campbell diagram, in which the excitation sources caused by the mass unbalance of the rotors, misalignment and the transmitted errors of the gearing are considered, shows that, at the operating speed, there are not the critical speed. The program which can be used to analyze and predict vibration/noise characteristics by mass unbalance, misalignment and gear transmission error of railway reduction is developed with this system model.
A Study on the Creep Characteristics of Solder of 63 Sn-37Pb
Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering, volume 21, issue 2, 2004, Pages 138~144
The initiation and the propagation of solder joint crack depend on its environmental conditions, such as high temperature creep and thermal fatigue. Creep is known to be the most important factor for the mechanical failure of solder joints in micro-electronic components and micro-systems. This is mainly caused by the different thermal expansion coefficients of the materials used in the micro-electronic packages. To determine the reliability of solder joints and consequently the electronic components, the characterization of the creep behavior of this group of materials is crucial. This paper is to apply the theory of creep into solder joints and to provide related technical information needed for evaluation of reliability of solder joint to failure. 63Sn-37Pb solder was used in this study. This paper experimentally shows a way to enhance the reliability of solder joints.
Configuration Design using a Genetic Algorithm in the Embodiment Design Phase
Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering, volume 21, issue 2, 2004, Pages 145~152
This paper proposes a representation for the embodiment design of mechanical structures and a genetic algorithm suited for the representation. In order to represent early stages and latter stages of the embodiment design, the designs are modeled as simultaneous multi-objective optimization problems of parametric designs for parts and of layout generation for structures. The study, thus, involves genotypes that are adequate to represent phenotypes of the models for the genetic algorithm to solve the given problems. We demonstrate the implementation of the genetic algorithm with the result applied to the gear equipment design.
A Study on the Minimum Weight Design for Flexible Structure
Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering, volume 21, issue 2, 2004, Pages 153~159
A control-structure combined optimal design problem is discussed taking a 3-D truss structure as a design object. We use descriptor forms for a controlled object and a generalized plant because the structural parameters appear naturally in these forms. We consider not only minimum weight design problem for structure system, but also suppression problem of the effect of disturbances for control system as the purpose of the design. By minimizing the linear sum of the normalized structural objective function and control objective function, it is possible to make optimal design by which the balance of the structural weight and the control performance is taken.
Robust Optimization Design of Overhead Crane with Constraint using the Characteristic Functions
Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering, volume 21, issue 2, 2004, Pages 160~167
The correlation between the object function and the design parameter is shown on this paper by using the characteristic function for the mixed result of the structural analysis, the buckling analysis and the table of orthogonal array according to the original overhead crane's dimensional change. About the above two functions, the effectiveness of design change according to the change of design parameters could be estimated. Also, the overhead crane's weight is reduced up to 10.55 percent maintaining the structural stability according to the thickness of plate.
Effect of Hardness and Substructure on Long-term Creep Behavior of Mod.9Cr-1Mo Steel
Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering, volume 21, issue 2, 2004, Pages 168~176
Interrupted creep tests were carried out on the Mod.9Cr-1Mo steel in order to investigate the structural degradation during creep. The ranges of creep stress and temperature were from 71 to 167MPa and 873 to 923k, respectively. The change of hardness and tempered martensitic lath width were measured in the grip and gauge parts of interrupted specimens. The lath structure was thermally stable in static conditions, but was not stable during creep, and the structural evolution was enhanced by creep strain. The relation between the change in lath width and strain was described in the from,
W= a (
is the strain,
is the initial lath width,
is the final lath width depending solely on stress, and a is the constant of the magnitude of 0.67
m /strain. The change in Victors hardness was expressed by a one-valued function of creep life consumption ratio. Based on the empirical relation between strain and lath width, a model was proposed to explain the relation between change in hardness and creep life consumption ratio. The model revealed that about 65
of dislocations in lath structures were eliminated by the migration of subboundaries.
The effect of coating wire on the performance of wire electrical discharge machining
Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering, volume 21, issue 2, 2004, Pages 177~185
The machining performance of wire electrical discharge machining(WEDM), such as cutting speed, surface roughness and straightness depend on the electrode, and the machining parameters are diverse and affect each other. Therefore operator must have a lot of experiences of the parameter for the better machining performance in WEDM. An approach to minimize the time for determining of parameters setting is proposed. Based on the Taguchi method, the significant factors affecting the machining performance are determined. Types of electrodes are arranged at inner array in tables of orthogonal arrays so that we can estimate machining performances of each electrode. Coating wire shows better performances than brass wire in cutting speed but it produces poor surface roughness, and two wires shows similar performance in straightness
Development of micro-stereolithography system for the fabrication of three-dimensional micro-structures
Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering, volume 21, issue 2, 2004, Pages 186~194
Micro-stereolithography is a newly proposed technology as a means that can fabricate a 3D micro-structure of free form. It makes a 3D micro-structure by dividing the shape into many slices of relevant thickness along horizontal surfaces, hardening each layer of slice with a focused laser beam, and stacking them up to a desired shape. In this technology, differently from the conventional stereolithography, scale effect is dominant. To realize micro-stereolithography technology, we developed the micro-stereolithography apparatus which is composed of an Ar+ laser, x-y-z stages. controllers. optical devices and scan path generation software. Related processes were developed, too. Using the system, a number of micro-structures were successfully fabricated. Some of these samples are shown for prove this system. Laser scan path generation algorithm and software considering photopolymer solidification phenomena as well as given 3D model were developed. Sample fabrication of developed software shows relatively high dimensional accuracy compared to the uncompensated result.
The Flow Analysis and Evaluation of the Peristaltic Micropump
Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering, volume 21, issue 2, 2004, Pages 195~202
This paper presents the fabrication and evaluation of mechanical behavior for a peristaltic micropump by flow simulation. The valve-less micropump using the diffuser/nozzle is consists of the lower plate, the middle plate, the upper plate and the tube that connects inlet and outlet of the pump. The lower plate includes the channel and the chamber, and the plain middle plate are made of glass and actuated by the piezoelectric translator. Channels and a chamber on the lower plate are fabricated on high processability silicon wafer by the DRIE(Deep Reactive Ion Etching) process. The upper plate does the roll of a pump cover and has inlet/outlet/electric holes. Three plates are laminated by the aligner and bonded by the anodic bonding process. Flow simulation is performed using error-reduced finite volume method (FVM). As results of the flow simulation and experiments, the single chamber pump has severe flow problems, such as a backflow and large fluctuation of a flow rate. It is proved that the double-chamber micropump proposed in this paper can reduce the drawback of the single-chamber one.
Modeling and Experimental Response Characterization of the Chevron-type Bi-stable Micromachined Actuator
Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering, volume 21, issue 2, 2004, Pages 203~209
Compliant bi-stable mechanism allows two stable states within its operation range staying at one of the local minimum states of the potential energy. Energy storage characteristics of the bi-stable mechanism offer two distinct and repeatable stable states, which require no power input to maintain it at each stable state. This paper suggests an equivalent model of the chevron-type bi-stable microactuator using the equivalent spring stiffness in the rectilinear and the rotational directions. From this model the range of spring stiffness where the bi-stable mechanism can be operated is analyzed and compared with the results of the FEA (Finite Element Analysis) using ANSYS for the buckling analysis, both of which show a good agreement. Based on the analysis, a newly designed chevron-type bi-stable MEMS actuator using hinges is suggested for the latch-up operation. It is found that the experimental response characteristics of around 36V for the bi-stable actuation for the 60
stroke correspond very well to the results of the equivalent model analysis after the change in cross-sectional area by the fabrication process is taken into account. Together with the resonance frequency experiment where 1760Hz is measured, it is shown that the chevron-type bi-stable MEMS actuator using hinges is applicable to the optical switch as an actuator.
Development of a Nano Replication Printing(nRP) Process using a Voxel Matrix Scanning Scheme
Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering, volume 21, issue 2, 2004, Pages 210~217
In this study, a new process, named as nano replication printing(nRP) process, is developed for printing any figure in the range of several micrometers by using voxel matrix scanning scheme. In this newly developed process, a femto-second laser is scanned on a photosensitive monomer resin in order to induce polymerization of the liquid resin according to a voxel matrix which is transformed from bitmap format file. After the polymerization, a droplet of ethanol is dropt to remove the unnecessary remaining liquid resin and then the polymerized figures with nano-scaled precision are only remaining on the glass plate. By the nRP process, any figure file of bitmap format could be reproduced as nano-scaled precision replication in the range of several micrometers. Also, nano/micro-scaled patterns for an extremely wide range of applications would become a technologically feasible reality. Some of figures with nano-scaled precision were printed in scaled replication as examples to prove the usefulness of this study.
A Study on the Micro-lapping process of Sapphire Wafers for optoelectronic devices
Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering, volume 21, issue 2, 2004, Pages 218~223
The sapphire wafers for blue light emitting devices were manufactured by the implementation of the surface machining technology based on micro-tribology. This process has been performed by Micro-lapping process. The sapphire crystalline wafers were characterized by double crystal X-ray diffraction. The sample quality of crystalline sapphire wafer at surface has a full width at half maximum of 250 arcsec. This value at the surface sapphire wafer surfaces indicated 0.12
sizes. Surfaces of sapphire wafers were mechanically affected by residual stress and surface default. As a result, the value of surface roughness of sapphire wafers measured by AFM(Atom Force Microscope) was 2.1nm.