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Population ageing is poised to become a major challenge to the health system as Malaysia progresses to becoming a developed nation by 2020. This article aims to review the various ageing policy frameworks available globally; compare aged care policies and health services in Malaysia with Australia; and discuss various issues and challenges in translating these policies into practice in the Malaysian primary care system. Fundamental solutions identified to bridge the gap include restructuring of the health care system, development of comprehensive benefit packages for older people under the national health financing scheme, training of the primary care workforce, effective use of electronic medical records and clinical guidelines; and empowering older people and their caregivers with knowledge, skills and positive attitudes to ageing and self care. Ultimately, family medicine specialists must become the agents for change to lead multidisciplinary teams and work with various agencies to ensure that better coordination, continuity and quality of care are eventually delivered to older patients across time and settings. Introduction population in Australia are healthier and better educated Population ageing remains a global phenomenon in this than their Malaysian counterparts. new millennium and is poised to become a major issue in Whilst the definitions of chronological age for the older developing countries. Malaysia, an upper middle income people in Malaysia and Australia are different, compari- country, with a population of 28 million is no exception son can still be made because chronological age is not a . Its ageing population of 60 years and above is rising precise marker for the biological changes which accom- steadily from 5.7% in 1990 to 6.3% in 2000 and is expected pany ageing. The chronological age of 60 years and above to be 9.8% in 2020 . Like other countries, population seems young in the developed world, but for a developing ageing in Malaysia is a result of declining fertility, falling country such as Malaysia where gains in life expectancy mortality rates and improvements in the health system. have not yet matched the developed world, this definition Effective prevention of infectious diseases and better nutri- is more appropriate . Chronological age has little or tion has resulted in more people surviving into old age no importance in the meaning of old age in many parts [3,4]. Life expectancy among Malaysians has also risen to of the developing world . Other socially constructed 71.7 years for men and 76.5 years for women in 2007 . meanings of age may be more significant such as the Despite the improvement in life expectancy; poverty, lack roles assigned to older people. In some cases, it is the loss of roles accompanying physical decline which is sig- of education and poor social support tend to influence the nificant in defining old age. well being of its older population. In comparison to Australia, a developed country with A Malaysian burden of disease study conducted in 2004 22 million population, 13.3% of its populace are aged using disability adjusted life years (DALY) showed that the 65 years and over . Life expectancy for Australian males five leading causes of disease burden were coronary heart is 79 years and for females is 84 years . The older disease, mental illnesses, cerebrovascular disease, road traffic injuries and cancer . This trend is similar to that * Correspondence: email@example.com in Australia as the five leading causes of disease burden Discipline of Primary Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti using DALY in 2003 were coronary heart disease, anxiety Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia and depression, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cerebrovascular Full list of author information is available at the end of the article © 2011 Ambigga et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Ambigga et al. Asia Pacific Family Medicine 2011, 10:2 Page 2 of 7 http://www.apfmj.com/content/10/1/2 disease and dementia . Hence, Malaysia is at an epide- hence different domains have been chosen by the var- miological transition where non-communicable diseases ious countries. Since there are dramatic variations in are now dominating its burden at a par with those of health status, participation and levels of independence developed countries. This pattern of disease is especially among older people of the same age in different coun- predominant among the older population in both tries, decision-makers need to take this into account countries [10,11]. when designing policies and programmes for their older As Malaysia progresses in its path to becoming a populations. developed nation by 2020, population ageing is inevita- ble and this will generate new challenges in terms of Comparing Aged Care Policies of Malaysia with Australia health and social services . In view of this phenom- In most Asian countries, co-residing with an older rela- enon, this article aims to review the various ageing pol- tive and providing aged care is part of the cultural tradi- icy frameworks available globally; dissect various issues, tion. Policy makers in Asia aim at maintaining these policies and health services pertaining to the older cultural norms and values rather than developing poten- population in Malaysia; discuss the challenges of trans- tially expensive formal aged care programs and facilities. lating these policies into practice in the Malaysian pri- These policies focus on the older person remaining inte- mary care system; and consider fundamental solutions grated in society and being included in the formulation needed to address improving the health of older people and implementation of policies that affect their wellbeing in Malaysia. . In Malaysia, a multi-sectoral and multidisciplinary approach was required to set up these policies and they Ageing policy frameworks available globally emphasized the sharing of responsibility between govern- Issues involving the ageing society in each country are ment, private sectors, non-government organisations, unique, resulting in the adoption of various frameworks community and the older people themselves in order to for ageing throughout the world. A number of these are meet their needs . summarised in Table 1. There have been a number of national policies put in These frameworks cover various domains which place for older people in Malaysia. The first policy was include longevity, physical health, activities of daily liv- the National Social Welfare Policy (1990).This policy ing, autonomy, psychological well being, social relation- addressed the need for the care of older persons by ships, work participation, financial security, housing, families and communities .This was later strength- transport, safety, leisure activities, quality of life, age dis- ened with the National Policy for the Elderly (1995) crimination and attitudes [12-17]. These frameworks aimed at “creating a society of elderly people who are contented and possess a high sense of self worth and and their attendant policies help guide the development of relevant programmes, facilities and services around dignity, by optimising their self potential and ensuring them. that they enjoy every opportunity as well as care and These various policy frameworks for the different protection from members of their family, society and countries are designed based on the rights, needs, pre- nation” . The National Council of Senior Citizen’s ferences and capacities of older people in each country Organization Malaysia (NACSOM), the Gerontological Table 1 Various ageing policy frameworks available globally Policy Definitions Countries frameworks Adopting Active Ageing Continuing participation in social, economic, cultural, spiritual and civic affairs by older persons and not United Kingdom (WHO) just being physically active or mere participation in the labour force . and Europe Active Ageing Optimizing opportunities for physical, social, mental well being throughout life, in order to extend Malaysia (Adapted) healthy life expectancy, productivity and good quality of life as people age . Healthy Ageing All Australians have the opportunity to maximise their physical, social and mental health throughout life. Australia Population health strategies promote and support healthy ageing across the lifespan. Information, research and health care infrastructure is available to support the healthy ageing of the Australian population . Successful Multiple dimensions of functioning and wellness are measured and these include cognitive and affective Singapore Ageing status, overall physical health, social functionally and life engagement including life satisfaction. These will form the salient determinants of successful ageing . Healthy Ageing A lifelong process of optimising opportunities for improving and preserving health and physical, social Canada and mental wellness, independence, quality of life and enhancing successful life-course transitions . Positive Ageing Shine a positive light on ageing and older persons by recognizing their potential skills and ability rather New Zealand than their age . Ambigga et al. Asia Pacific Family Medicine 2011, 10:2 Page 3 of 7 http://www.apfmj.com/content/10/1/2 Association of Malaysia (GEM) and others provide the There is also an increasing pattern of orthopaedic dis- impetus in developing these policies and services for eases in the ageing population  and functional older people in Malaysia . impairment was found to be common among older peo- In contrast, ageing policy in Australia reflects different ple in the community . Based on the NHMS III cultural norms and focuses on consolidating and progres- report, the greatest impact of functional independence sing reforms to ensure choice and access to quality aged in the elderly is on mobility, self care, housework and care services while relying on the role of informal support access to public places . The survey also reported a higher prevalence of chronic pain in the elderly which . In Australia, the focus is on ageing in place through interfered with their daily activities . community support and services. Nevertheless this is changing towards person-centred approaches that pro- Another study also found that erectile dysfunction is mote independence. prevalent and this usually co-exists with type 2 diabetes Societal pressures and expectations are changing in and depression . Urinary incontinence is an impor- Malaysia with an increasing number of older people tant and common problem and can lead to poor quality residing in the cities following the rural-urban migration; of life without timely management . the changing pattern of families into nuclear types; and Psychological health problems are also prevalent among the changing role of women from caregivers to wage older people in Malaysia . A community survey con- earners to support their families. Therefore, it is timely ducted in an urban area found that the prevalence of for Malaysia to revise its policies and be prepared to depression in the elderly was 6.3% . The prevalence of invest morein qualityagedcareservicesinresponseto depression among the elders attending a health clinic was these changes in cultural norms and values. reported to be even higher at 18% . In this age group, depression often co-exists with other chronic illnesses Health issues involving the ageing society in Malaysia . This condition is common in primary care and there- Health issues pertaining to ageing are unique for each fore providers should play a key role in the detection and society. In order to gain a deeper understanding of the management . health issues in the Malaysian ageing population, we The other non-health factors which should be conducted a comprehensive literature review of the addressed in Malaysia includes work, retirement and health and medical research involving Malaysian elders income, housing and institutionalisation, family and the using electronic databases including Medline, Google community, leisure and personal characteristics which Scholar, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science. Based on can influence the quality of life of this vulnerable group . These however, are beyond the scope of this paper. the published literature, ageing health issues in Malaysia In summary, published evidence has repeatedly high- can be summarised into 3 main domains - physical health, psychosocial health and nutritional problems. lighted that older Malaysian population suffers from mul- According to the Third National Health and Morbid- tiple and complex health needs which require holistic itySurvey(NHMSIII),chronic illnesses were reported and comprehensive long term care in the community. to be most prevalent (48.8%) amongst the 60 and above Despite this fact, Malaysia struggles to translate its poli- age group . Malaysian elders are commonly affected cies into practice. A closer scrutiny of how the Malaysian by multiple chronic non-communicable diseases such as health system is responding to the needs of its ageing hypertension, type 2 diabetes, coronary heart disease population is therefore pivotal. and stroke as evidenced by the findings in the literature [20-22]. Caring for older people in the health care system: current This is hardly surprising as the prevalence of cardiovas- situation and challenges cular risk factors among the Malaysian elderly are increas- Malaysian health care services are provided by both the ing. In a large population based study, the prevalence of public and private sectors. The establishment of geriatric obesity among the elderly were 8.8% in males and 13.2% secondary care services has occurred since the mid in females . Where else, the prevalence of abdominal 1990’s and was an important milestone in the care of the obesity in the 60-69 years age group was 23.2%, followed older patients . Currently, there are 3 public hospitals by 19% in the 70-79 years group and 14.9% in the 80 years and 1 private hospital offering care for older patients . and above group . However, older persons who reside Rehabilitation centres are also being established through- in publicly funded shelter homes were found to be at risk out Malaysia. However, there are only 11 geriatricians of being undernourished and underweight [25,26]. available throughout the country and the majority are Visual impairment and blindness were noted to be based in Kuala Lumpur . There is a constant chal- high in the older population and there is a need to lenge to recruit and retain key medical and allied health involve ophthalmic and optometric services as part of personnel in the public health sector, as many choose to comprehensive medical care in the community . leavefor theprivate sectors. This furtherprevents Ambigga et al. Asia Pacific Family Medicine 2011, 10:2 Page 4 of 7 http://www.apfmj.com/content/10/1/2 expansion of secondary care support services into the non-government agencies . Australia’s health services community. are grouped into five broad categories: public health ser- The expansion of services for older people in Malaysian vices; primary care and community health services; hos- primarycareisevenslowerdespitetheneedfor long- pitals; specialised health services; and goods such as term management of this vulnerable group in the com- medicine . Funding is provided by the Australian munity. Older persons in Malaysia visit the public and Government through the national health insurance scheme (Medicare), state and territory governments, pri- private primary care services on an average of 6 visits per vate health insurers, individual Australians (out-of pocket year . In view of this, primary care providers remain a payments) and a range of other sources . popular first contact in the community. However, Malay- sian primary health care system, be it the public or pri- Primary care and community health services are usually vate sectors, remain oriented towards the care of acute, the first health services visited by a patient with a health episodic illnesses . The health system remains passive concern in Australia. These services include GPs, private with older patient seeking treatment only when symp- dentists, pharmacists, physiotherapists and various other toms develop, leaving the need of older people with com- practitioners. The average number of visits for older plex and multiple chronic conditions unfulfilled . Australians to their GP was 8.6 per person per year . Although preventive and other specialised programmes Annual health checks for patients above 75 years old in for the older people in the community were planned, primary care are remunerated by Medicare. There are their implementation in public primary care clinics is also community based aged care assessment teams sporadic. The main impediment remains the shortage of (ACAT) to assess the elderly who may need special assis- a trained primary care workforce. Although there are tance . The approval of these teams is a prerequisite approximately 10,000 primary care doctors currently i) for admission to Australian Government accredited manning the frontline of its public and private primary aged care homes, ii) to receive Community Aged Care health care systems, only around 400 are qualified family Package(CACP) where a care coordinator will manage medicine specialists . Out of the 400, only 6 have the complex care needs of the recipient, iii) to receive an completed subspecialist training in community geriatrics extended Aged Care at Home(EACH) package where a . Shortage of trained family medicine specialists and similar range of care services as CACP is provided, iv) to allied health personnel also hampers the deployment of receive an extended Aged Care at Home Dementia multidisciplinary primary care teams much needed to (EACH-D) package whereby the services is similar to EACH for people with Dementia; and v) for a place in a care for long term and complex health problems in the Transition Care Program (TCP) . Most of these ser- community. Fragmentation of primary health care services into vices are delivered by highly trained multidisciplinary public and private sectors remains the greatest challenge care teams lead by 180 trained geriatricians and sup- in providing comprehensive, coordinated and continuous ported by the GPs throughout Australia . care, especially for those with multiple chronic conditions and complex health care needs . The absence of a The way forward: fundamental solutions needed to universal funding mechanism results in unequitable bridge the gap access to health care. The public primary care sector is Increased longevity is not only a triumph for a society often over-burdened and over-subsidised to provide care, but a huge challenge for health systems. Developed especially to the vulnerable groups such as older patients. countries have been facing challenges related to ageing In the private sector, health care costs for older patients for a long time and much is to be learnt from their with multiple and complex conditions are often too experience. Mainstreaming ageing into global agendas is expensive for them to bear the out-of-pocket payment. essential to prepare developing countries for the chal- The current fee-for-service payment to the private gen- lenge. Although Malaysia is still considered a country eral practitioners (GPs) by the private health insurance with a relatively young population, its ageing population companies and employers, results in limitation of care is steadily increasing. The cost of health care will for those with multiple and complex health care needs increase due to the escalating burden of chronic ill- who often require longer consultations and home visits. nesses in an ageing population. Proactive measures need Often, comprehensive care packages such as these are to be taken to contain these costs. not covered. These measures include restructuring the health care In comparison, the Australian health care system is also system. The recently announced proposal by the Malay- complex. There are many types of service providers and a sian government to set up a national health financing variety of funding and regulatory mechanisms in its scheme which will integrate all public and private pri- system. Services are provided by medical practitioners, mary care services under a common network of care allied health professionals and other government and , offers promise to the vulnerable population. It is Ambigga et al. Asia Pacific Family Medicine 2011, 10:2 Page 5 of 7 http://www.apfmj.com/content/10/1/2 hoped that the implementation of this scheme will pro- patients as passive recipients of health care no longer vide better coordination, continuity, equity and quality of holds true. Patient self management has been shown to care for older people and those with chronic conditions. reduce severity of symptoms  and was also found to be The 400 highly trained family medicine specialists are cost-effective . Therefore, it is absolutely vital that in unique positions to champion patient-centred and patients are empowered with skills to manage their health, comprehensive primary care services under this new to enable them to work in partnership with their health care providers. This concept highlights a new paradigm in scheme. Focus should be shifted from providing care for clinical practice and therefore requires effective communi- self-limiting minor ailments to high quality preventive cation and behavioural change skills of doctors and allied care, chronic disease management and aged care. These family medicine specialists must also take a leadership health personnel, which further underscores training role in system redesign from a grassroots’ perspectives. needs in these areas for the primary care workforce. The numbers, however, are far from adequate as the pro- Older persons are fully entitled to have access to com- jected number of family medicine specialists needed to prehensive health care services which includes preventive deliver care to the population is 33,000 . Therefore, care, curative care, chronic disease management and specific measures are currently being undertaken by the rehabilitative care. Preventive care for older people public universities and the Academy of Family Physicians involves health promotion and disease prevention Malaysia (AFPM) to produce more family medicine spe- throughout life which focuses on maintaining indepen- cialists in order to meet the country’sdemand. The dence and delaying the onset of disease. On the other Diploma in Family Medicine (DFM) should be an impor- hand, rehabilitative care involves improving the quality of tant first tier qualification for all primary care providers. life of older persons who already have disabilities. Some To become family medicine specialists, these clinicians useful lessons can be learnt from the Australian health should either possess the local Masters in Family Medi- system in caring for their older people. These include cine, FRACGP/MAFPM or MRCGP (UK) qualifications, conducting annual health checks for older population in as currently recognised by the National Specialist Regis- primary care. There is also a need to set up community ter for Family Medicine. based aged care assessment teams to assess the elderly High quality training for primary care doctors is vital to who may require special assistance since many of our ensure the delivery of quality chronic disease manage- elders are homebound. Comprehensive service packages ment and care of older people. The primary care curricu- for preventive care, self management support, chronic disease care and rehabilitative care for older people lum, both at the undergraduate and postgraduate levels, should be developed under the proposed healthcare should be revised to produce family medicine specialists who are not only clinically competent, but who can restructuring funded by the national health financing become effective gatekeepers, provide coordination and scheme. The role of secondary care geriatricians and continuity for long term health problems; and lead a psycho geriatricians should also be expanded to provide multidisciplinary primary care team. Malaysian medical better support to family medicine specialist on the schools should also incorporate geriatric medicine in ground to improve aged care services. their medical curricula to prepare future doctors to man- Development of efficient clinical information systems age our ageing population in the years to come. Geriatric by using electronic medical records would ensure long curriculum should also be included in the training of term coordinated care of older people in the community allied health personnel as there is a huge role for multi- . In addition, integration of evidence based guide- disciplinary team based care management of older lines into patient care will be fundamental in translating people. evidence into practice . Availability of highly trained allied health personnel is Apartfromimprovinghealthcareservicesfor older critical to support the deployment of a multidisciplinary people there is a need to develop a collaborative net- team in primary care. There must be a constant endeavour work with community resources. There is a necessity to to increase the numbers of highly skilled nurses, pharma- build more retirement villages; low level and high level cists, dieticians, physiotherapists, occupational therapist, care nursing homes and also a dire need to improve psychologists and other allied health personnel to deal facilities for the disabled and transportation for older with the challenge in managing chronic conditions in people in Malaysia. older people with complex health care needs. Assistance and training should be provided to the caregivers of older Conclusion people in the community by this skilled team. In conclusion, the challenges to care for older people in Health care workers must also ensure that older patients the Malaysian health systems are mounting. Major impe- and their families have adequate information and skills to diments include a shortage of specially trained physicians manage their health problems. The traditional role of and allied health personnel in both secondary and Ambigga et al. Asia Pacific Family Medicine 2011, 10:2 Page 6 of 7 http://www.apfmj.com/content/10/1/2 9. World Health Organisation: Country cooperation strategy at a glance. primary care sectors, fragmentation of health care 2010 [http://www.who.int/countryfocus/cooperation_strategy/ccs_mys_en. systems into public and private sectors; and absence of pdf], [Accessed 21 July 2010]. universal funding mechanisms to ensure accessible and 10. 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Canadian kids TV production slumped to a ten-year low in the latest measurement period and smaller budgets have made Canadian shows less competitive internationally, according to a report from research company Nordicity.
Its report – The Case for Kids Programming: Children’s and Youth Screen-Based Production in Canada – 2009 Edition – says the value of kids production in Canada in 2007/2008 was C$257 million (US$233.9 million), its lowest for ten years. The sector peaked in 1990 when it was valued at C$389 million. Since then the average budget for a half-hour show has dropped by 14% the report says.
The level of public funding in kids content, C$87 million in 2007/2008, was also the lowest for a decade.
Canada still has one of the strongest kids sectors in the world and the funding advantages mean many Canadian shows have international copro partners. Nordicity estimates that in 2007/2008 the total value of exported kids programming from Canada was C$103 million.
However, the number of shows produced under the international treaties that Canada has inked with numerous countries around the world fell sharply in the latest survey period to C$92 million from C$139 million a year earlier and a high of C$314 million in 2000. The drop in the kids genre was twice as steeps as in other programming categories.
Nordicity produced the report for The Canadian Film and Television Production Association, The Shaw Rocket Fund and The Alliance for Children and Television.

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Iranian astronomer, mathematician, and poet Omar Khayyam penned 11th century’s finest quatrains. Khayyam questioned several aspects of life: life itself, faith, death, and God. Nonetheless, he treasured his life and recognized the significance of living in the moment. His quatrains were actually regarded as the bible of the carpe diem belief.
Victorian poet Edward FitzGerald translated Khayyam’s poems into English and published The Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam in the late 1800s. British bookbinders George Sutcliffe and Francis Sangorski were prominent at that time for their luxurious book designs. In the early 1900s, they were appointed by Sotheran’s bookstore to recreate FitzGerald’s work.
The book was completed in 1911. Its cover was embellished with a bejeweled-tailed peacock, confined in elaborate and floral motifs. At the back was the buozouki, a Greek musical instrument. The book comprised 1,000 precious stones, such as rubies, turquoises, emeralds, amethysts, and topazes. Over 5,000 pieces of leather, silver, irony, and ebony, and 600 200-karat gold leaf sheets were also detailed.
On March 1912, American Gabriel Weis purchased the book in an auction in London. The book was then packed and delivered to the New York-bound ship, Titanic.
A month after, Titanic sank and took thousands of lives, even the grandest book the world once had.
This article originally appeared on English Magazines published by Vibal Group, Inc.

domain: history


Jabra Evolve 40 Microsoft Lync Mono Item # 747720
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Shocking new data on Royal Children Hospital outpatients requiring assessment by brain surgeons
- From: The Courier-Mail
- May 09, 2013
LESS than half of Royal Children's Hospital outpatients urgently requiring an assessment by a brain surgeon are being seen within the recommended 30 days, figures show.
Queensland Health data for the first quarter of this year shows 90 per cent of category 1 elective neurosurgery outpatients at the Royal Children's waited up to 94 days for an initial specialist appointment - more than triple what doctors recommend.
The Australian Medical Association Queensland on Thursday listed specialist outpatient and elective surgery services for children in the areas of neurosurgery, neurology and ear, nose and throat surgery as requiring urgent action in the June 4 state Budget.
AMAQ president Alex Markwell said children were particularly vulnerable to delays in health care.
"We need to make sure that we have a safety net there for them,'' she said.
Queensland Health's website shows almost 5500 patients were waiting for an initial specialist outpatient appointment at the Royal Children's in the March quarter, and another 5400 at the Mater Children's.
Although the Mater does not publish figures on its outpatient waiting lists by specialty, the Royal Children's data shows 90 per cent of non-urgent category 3 patients requiring an assessment by an ear, nose and throat specialist are waiting up to 4.6 years.
The figures show most category 2 neurology patients, those considered semi-urgent, are waiting up to 323 days for an initial specialist appointment, more than three times the recommended 90 days.
Dr Markwell called for clinicians to be given more decision-making powers at all levels of the public health system.
"In the last 12 months, we've seen example after example of decisions that have been made without clinical input that have either had to be reversed or modified because it's become obvious that there will be significant impact,'' she said.
"It's not just doctors, it's nurses and allied health professionals, everyone who looks after patients, having them involved is paramount.''
A spokesman for Health Minister Lawrence Springborg said "new capacity" would be generated when the new Queensland Children's Hospital opened at the end of next year.
"We're still working through the backlog of specialist outpatients' appointments,'' he said.
"There's quite a few changes in the pipeline.''

domain: medical


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Comments Off on Mopar Graveyard Hidden in the Carolina Hills
Rare Cars, Parts & Pepsi Bottles
You ever hear the story of how Machu Picchu was found? Hiram Bingham was in the Andes Mountains looking for something else, but a guide knew of some ruins nearby. The guide took him there, yet nothing could be seen until he came around a rock outcropping. And there it was, Machu Picchu in all its jungle-covered glory. This yard I photographed in the hills of North Carolina, while not to that level of discovery, had its own historically significant pieces in the ground.
I was in North Carolina for the 2014 Hot Rod Power Tour but got there a few days early to allow myself time to photograph barn finds. A mutual friend relayed me a name and number to call about a few cool cars that were sitting nearby. When I called, a woman picked up. I asked for the gentleman who had all the cars. She [...]


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On appeal from the Essex County Circuit Court.
For the defendant-appellant, Benjamin Newman.
For the plaintiff-appellee, William Greenfield.
The opinion of the court was delivered by
HEHER, J. On July 8th, 1929, defendants executed and delivered to plaintiff their joint bond, conditioned for the payment of the principal sum of $85,000 in monthly installments, with interest. It provided that should there be a default in the making of any monthly payment, as therein provided, for a period of three months, the balance of the principal sum should become immediately due and payable. The corporate defendant, at the same time, executed and delivered to plaintiff, as security for the payment of the bond, a mortgage upon lands therein described. There was a default, and foreclosure proceedings were instituted. On September 29th, 1931, the mortgaged lands were sold at a sheriff's sale, pursuant to the direction of the final decree entered in the foreclosure proceedings, to plaintiff for $200. This action was brought on the bond to recover the deficiency, $84,279.07.
Appellant, Bell, answered that on November 17th, 1930, he was adjudicated a bankrupt under the acts of congress relating to bankruptcy, and was discharged on March 30th, 1931; that the claim of plaintiff upon said bond and mortgage
was duly scheduled; that it had knowledge of the bankruptcy, and that in the circumstances plaintiff is barred from recovery upon its said debt. A copy of the discharge was attached to the answer. He was thereby discharged from all debts and claims made provable by the Bankruptcy act against his estate, and which existed on November 17th, 1930, the day of the filing of the petition for adjudication, excepting such debts as were by law excepted from the operation of a discharge in bankruptcy.
On plaintiff's motion, this defense was struck out as frivolous, and judgment final was entered against appellant for the amount of the deficiency. It is plaintiff's contention that, at the time of the adjudication and discharge, there was no fixed or provable debt owing from appellant to plaintiff, and that the debt or obligation in suit was not discharged.
Counsel's argument is that a default had not occurred at the time of the filing of the petition and the adjudication, and did not occur until April, 1931; that appellant's undertaking was one of mere suretyship; that "there was nothing due" to plaintiff from the bankrupt at the time of the filing of the petition, and that it was impossible to ascertain as of that date the sum due from him, and plaintiff therefore did not have a provable debt or claim within the intendment of the Bankruptcy act. This argument is predicated upon an unwarranted assumption of facts. Plaintiff's complaint alleges that appellant and the corporate defendant jointly executed the bond to plaintiff, and there is no allegation of suretyship. The affidavit submitted by plaintiff on the motion to strike sets forth that both defendants applied for and obtained the loan from plaintiff, and that they defaulted. An affidavit submitted by Bell stated that a default had occurred prior to the filing of the petition and the adjudication, and continued until the filing of the foreclosure bill in June, 1931. This statement stands uncontradicted. But it is unnecessary to pursue this further. The factual situation thus assumed and the case made by the complaint and the affidavits call for the application of the same legal principles and rules, and with like result.
Section 17 of the Bankruptcy act (11 U.S.C.A., § 35) provides that a discharge in bankruptcy shall release a bankrupt "from all of his provable debts," with certain exceptions, none of which is here involved. A discharge in bankruptcy discharges the bankrupt from all such debts as were, under section 63 of the act (11 U.L.C.A., § 103), provable against his estate in bankruptcy, excepting such as fall within the exceptions of section 17. Crawford v. Burke, 195 U.S. 176; 25 Sup. Ct. 9; 49 L. Ed. 147; Tindle v. Birkett, 205 U.S. 183; 27 Sup. Ct. 493; 51 L. Ed. 762. Section 1 (11) provides that "'debt' shall include any debt, demand, or claim provable in bankruptcy." 11 U.S.C.A., § 1.
Subdivision (a) of Section 63 provides that debts of the bankruptcy may be proved and allowed against his estate which are "(1) a fixed liability, as evidenced by a judgment or an instrument in writing, absolutely owing at the time of the filing of the petition against him, whether then payable or not, with any interest thereon which would have been recoverable at that date, or with a rebate of interest upon such as were not then payable and did not bear interest," and "(4) founded upon an open account, or upon a contract, express or implied." Subdivision (b) provides that "unliquidated claims against the ...

domain: law


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LOS ANGELES, Calif., June 20 — The California Department of Insurance issued the following news release:
Today Insurance Commissioner Dave Jones and Assemblymember Matt Dababneh held a joint press conference at an off-leash dog park to discuss important pet insurance legislation. Within California’s economy the pet insurance market is rapidly growing and expected to reach $750 million by next year. AB 2056 (Dababneh), sponsored by Insurance Commissioner Dave Jones, will add important consumer protections to pet insurance by bringing uniformity to policy language and disclosures increasing transparency in pet insurance policies.
“California has the largest number of insured dogs and cats in the nation,” said Commissioner Jones. “It is essential that consumers purchasing pet insurance understand what they’re getting for their money. When policy terms are more easily understood, consumers are better able to select a product that meets their needs. AB 2056 will help pet owners who want to limit the financial risk associated with the pet’s veterinarian bills, while providing important consumer protections that are currently absent from pet insurance.”
The California Department of Insurance receives nearly 100 complaints regarding pet insurance coverage every year. After investigation, the majority of complaints result in findings for the consumer. One of the most common issues pet insurance consumers face is coverage of pre-existing conditions. Pet owners often purchase policies either not knowing that pre-existing conditions are not covered or the policy language is unclear as to what constitutes a pre-existing condition, which leads to coverage denials by the insurer. AB 2056 will require pet insurers to standardize definitions and disclose important information regarding their policies such as reimbursement benefits and pre-existing condition limitations.
Policies would be required to contain a clear explanation of limitations of coverage including coinsurance, waiting periods, deductibles and annual or lifetime policy limits. The bill adds a 30-day free-look period where consumers could return their policy for a full refund as well as stronger enforcement provisions in case of a violation of any policy provisions.
“AB 2056 is an important first step into protecting consumers participating in this rapidly growing industry,” said Assemblymember Matt Dababneh. “By requiring standard disclosures for all pet insurance policies and including a 30 day free-look period for consumers, this bill allows pet owners to choose the most appropriate pet insurance product to fit their needs, and increases confidence in their purchases.” This year Americans will spend more than $15 billion on veterinary care. The pet insurance industry has more than doubled in size since 2008 and more pet owners are purchasing pet insurance to ensure that they can afford the proper veterinary care for their pets. In Californiaalone, there are more than 200,000 pets insured. If AB 2056 is signed into law, it would be the first consumer protection legislation for pet insurance consumers of its kind in the country.

domain: pet


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Everyday heroes a look at the people who make a difference our neighbors (6) latest texas officer keeps school safe while spreading joy to the teens at clark high in plano, texas, officer. Each year, national nurses week provides an opportunity for me to reflect on the significance of our nurses here at kaiser permanente and around the nation nurses display heroism day in and day out, putting their patients front and center, working behind the scenes to provide a caring touch and. Nurses are our everyday heroes, who deserve recognition and gratitude please join me in thanking and celebrating our nurses sincerely, bernard j tyson chairman and ceo +107 related bernard j tyson explains why health insurers want to cover your rent august 28, 2018.
The #1 crowdfunding site for our everyday local heroes featuring our men and women in the military, our law enforcement, our first-responders, our medical and emergency staff, our teachers, and disaster relief efforts. Our everyday heroes two charitable organizations with a history of serving the community for over 100 years will combine to help put a gleam in a child’s eye.
Read a few inspirational stories about these real heroes and then tell us about your hero real heroes are everywhere read a few inspirational stories about these real heroes and then tell us about your hero quotes videos my dad came into our lives when i was 6 years old thanks to him, i was able to live through a very rare type of. What are everyday heroes the everyday hero, our world needs more heroes it is our job to bring out the hero that lives inside of each of us, making this world a better place featured video everyday heroes of autism.
The everyday hero, is the person who smiles at you on an off day it is the war veteran fighting for freedom and equality for all as well, it's your friend, parent, or mentor sacrificing for your happiness the everyday hero is within every single human being on this planet, and is expressed by simple, ordinary actions heroes do simple acts of kindness, courage, and love. What are everyday heroes the everyday hero, is the person who smiles at you on an off day it is the war veteran fighting for freedom and equality for all as well, it's your friend, parent, or mentor sacrificing for your happiness the everyday hero is within every single human being on this planet, and is expressed by simple, ordinary actions.
What are some examples of everyday heroes update cancel answer wiki 4 answers arthur kubecka, student at 1st iso while not heroes in the common definition these people who go out of their way to help you out are the true heroes of our society those who do it not out of necessity, but choice 83k views view upvoters. “everyday heroes” are the best type of heroes they’re the people we live next door to, the people beside us at the checkout line, the people we pass by as we talk our evening walks.
Celebrating heroes within our community everyday heroes awards - vermont the everyday heroes awards is a fundraising event that brings together hundreds of community leaders to celebrate local individuals whose extraordinary acts of courage and compassion make them a hero. Charleston, sc (wcbd) - our everyday heroes are som tremendous people doing amazing things, and this one is no different what some call a small act of common courtesy, was so much more to the. You are our heroes, and we appreciate your hard work, dedication and commitment to the communities you serve at issue: it’s summertime, and our local firefighters, police officers and search.
In our new series everyday heroes we focus the spotlight on these remarkable knights whose courage, faith and commitment to charity embody the mission of the knights of columbus. As national heroes day comes to a close, we would like to dedicate this video to our farmers every day as we eat, remember that what we have on our dinner tables came from these fields.
Our community everyday heroes appreciates all of our contributors, supporters and community partners embarking on this journey with us our vision is coming to life with the help of all of you, and for that we are very grateful.

domain: sociology


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Why you should be joo casino playing at an online casino
A mobile casino is an online business that lets players play online games. They can play online from any place including their workplace or home. The games can be played from any place with an Internet connection. In contrast to traditional casinos mobile casinos are new and come with a wide variety of games to pick from. You can play games at mobile casinos without having to leave your home. You can also play on the move or in casinoextra bonus class.
Mobile casinos are ideal for those who are moving. Because a mobile device has smaller screens, a player can play many games like slots and roulette. Some games may require additional software to play and some require an account before they can play them. A player may desire to play a mobile casino for a variety of reasons. Some people do not like playing on a computer. They can play from their home using a mobile casinos.
Another reason to play at online mobile casinos is the convenience of being able to play from any place and at any time. Contrary to land-based casinos mobile casino apps work with a variety of mobile devices. They can be used on both Android and iOS and have high-quality graphics. In addition to that, you’ll find that the user interfaces of these apps are very user-friendly. No matter if you’re using a mobile or an iPhone or an iPad or an iPad, online casinos can be played on a tablet or smartphone.
There are many advantages to playing an online casino on your mobile device. One of the great things about online casinos is that players can play from any location, including their home. This makes it a great choice for busy people who don’t have the time to relax. Casinos online offer a variety of ways to deposit money. In addition to a bank transfer players can also use cryptocurrency to deposit money. These methods are quick and secure.
A mobile casino online has numerous advantages. It allows players to deposit money using their phones. Mobile devices are compatible with both Android and iOS devices since they can handle high-intensity images. This means that you can play casino games on your iPhone or iPad when you travel. It is easy to play online casinos on your mobile device. The majority of online casinos offer many games. It’s crucial to select an excellent casino for your mobile device.
A mobile casino that is reliable offers a wide range of options. An online mobile casino offers convenience and privacy, among other advantages. Most of these sites support both iOS and Android platforms. They also have an easy-to use interface. You can play your preferred online games on your smartphone with just few clicks of your mouse. Mobile casinos online are fantastic because it can be played from anywhere, anytime.
Furthermore, you can play online casino games with your phone. Mobile casinos also provide you with a variety of advantages and rewards. There are many bonuses offered by an online mobile casino. There are a variety of ways to play. You can play with an app from a third-party that gives bonuses. This is the most well-known. The app is available for download from Apple’s App store. You can also download it from the Google Play Store. You can use the app on your mobile device.
A mobile casino online is accessible from any place that has a smart phone. A mobile casino online has many benefits. First of all, you can bet whenever you’d like. You can also access your most popular casino games from any location, even while traveling. You can play from the comfort of your home. You can also play the same games on different devices. The drawback is that a mobile-friendly online casino is not suitable for everyone.
The main benefit of an online mobile casino is that it gives you the convenience. There are many games to choose from. There are many games to choose from, such as blackjack, video poker roulette, and video poker. These games can be played while you travel. You don’t need to install complicated software. Online casinos let you withdraw cash at any time. You can enjoy the same benefits as an online casino , but with full-featured features. There are numerous options available.

domain: game


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Photography Exhibit: RISE-NEW DIMENSIONS: Photography by Avi Gold
Immerse yourself into the captivating world of photography by Avi Gold with RISE as it stretches the limits of perspective and perception, ushering you into the enchanting realm of 3-dimensional storytelling.
Through this exhibition at the Historic Odessa Foundation’s Visitor Center, conventional photography sheds its confines, seamlessly merging aerial photography, infrared photography (IR), and 360 immersive experiences with cutting-edge Augmented Reality (AR). Perception and perspective RISE as landscapes awaken, breaching their frames, and inviting you to step into the very essence of each captured instant. RISE orchestrates a flawless marriage of artistry and technology, elegantly blurring the boundary between reality and imagination. Embark on a journey of transformation, where photography defies the boundaries of time and space. Within RISE, tales unfurl within mesmerizing 3D dimensions, captivating all who yearn for a fresh outlook on the art of photography.

domain: artistic


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Greenman OPEN (GMO), one of the largest food retail-focused investment funds in Germany, says it has struck an agreement with a German national bank to help finance the acquisition of a new retail park in the country.
Greenman, which is assembling a portfolio of close to €1 bn of assets, and HypoVereinsbank, part of UniCredit Bank, say they have struck a five-year deal for a 'forward fixing' loan. It is the first time Greenman and HypoVereinsbank have agreed to invest together.
The asset to be developed will be anchored by a REWE store and measures 4,700 m2 with an average lease term of 13.3 years. The park, which is located in the northern town of Wittenberge, is planned to open next month.
Attending Expo Real, HypoVereinsbank said it was particularly exciting to be able to help shape the first face-to-face event after the ‘corona break’. The team at the trade event is being led by Christian Federspieler, head of real estate Germany.
Commenting on the financing deal with Greenman, Manfred Drießen, a finance professional at the bank, said: ‘We are delighted to partner with investment and food retail specialist Greenman and to be playing our part in delivering a flagship retail project with sustainability in mind.’
Neil Hennessy, head of debt capital markets at Greenman, added: ‘We are delighted to have gained another long-established financing partner in HypoVereinsbank. With the addition of the retail park in Wittenberge to GMO's portfolio, we are not only adding value for our investors, but also for society and the environment at the same time.’


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Tartufo Ice Cream
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domain: food


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Who makes most of the important governmental decisions in an autocracy? Question 1 options: the ruler the people the elected legislature a system of courts Save Question 2 (1 point) In a democratic system of government, leaders are chosen by Question 2 options: the citizens through their votes a small group of wealth or religious citizens only the male citizens through their votes one ruler nominated by the people Save Question 3 (1 point) Why do the individual voters have more power in a democracy than they do in an autocracy Question 3 options: One ruler knows what is best for the country All the power stays with the local governments closest to the people The people chose the leaders that will make laws and govern the country Voters make wise decisions based only on facts not opinions Save Question 4 (1 point) Which statement describes the Republic of India’s democratic form of government? Question 4 options: one dictator holds all the power representatives from the Muslim faith and Hindu faith form a committee and make decisions Power is divided between the national government and regional authorities Power is divided between each nation of India Save Question 5 (1 point) In Japan the emperor, a hereditary ruler, serves as the head of state, while the people participate in governing and elected officials make laws. What type of government does Japan have? Question 5 options: oligarchy direct democracy absolute monarchy constitutional monarchy Save Question 6 (1 point) The Chinese government is still run by the Chinese Communist Party. The government controls most aspects of Chinese life and the National People’s Congress chooses a president and vice president. This would be considered which type of government? Question 6 options: autocratic democratic presidential democracy Save Question 7 (1 point) What is the main difference between a presidential and parliamentary democracy? Question 7 options: In a presidential democracy, the president is elected by representatives from each region while in a parliamentary everyone votes In a presidential democracy, the president inherits his or her power while in a parliamentary, people elect representatives that then chose the leader of the country In a parliamentary democracy, citizens elect representatives that chose the leader of the country but in a presidential democracy, the people elect the president and the local leaders In a parliamentary democracy, citizens elect both the representatives to parliament and the president but in a presidental, they only elect the president Save Question 8 (1 point) Mao Zedong was the first leader of the People’s Republic of China. Question 8 options: True False Save Question 9 (1 point) Choose the country described here. – Largest Democracy in the world – Citizens elect members of Parliament who in turn elect the Prime Minister – All citizens have the right to run for office Question 9 options: Japan China India North Korea Save Question 10 (1 point) North Korea is governed by Kim Jong Il, the head of the Communist Korean Workers’ Party. He is considered an autocratic ruler. What role do the citizens of North Korea have in choosing their government leaders? Question 10 options: The citizens elected Kim Jong Il. The citizens hold the power because they elect the legislative body which in turn chooses the leader of the country. The citizens have no power. Save Question 11 (1 point) The Republic of South Korea’s government is divided into three branches and is headed by a president that is elected every 5 years. True or False- Citizens in South Korea have power and play a role in the government of the country. Question 11 options: True False Save Question 12 (1 point) Which Asian countries have democratic systems of government? Question 12 options: India, Japan, and South Korea China, Vietnam, Japan North and South Korea, Japan India, China, Japan Save Question 13 (1 point) Only men are allowed to vote in India? Question 13 options: True False Save Question 14 (1 point) Susie uses social media each day to express her opinions, plans to attend college after high school, and would someday like to be the Prime Minister. Which country would Susie most likely choose as her home? Question 14 options: China North Korea India Vietnam Save
The post Who makes most of the important governmental decisions in an autocracy? Question 1 options: the ruler the people the elected legislature a system of courts Save Question 2 (1 point) In a democratic sy appeared first on Maths Work Help.


With a reveal of the automaker’s upcoming two- and four-door off-roaders, there’s now a complete outline of each model’s features. The Sleuth is aware, however, that there is one more piece of news that hasn’t been mentioned much, which is that a hybrid version is in the works. Although there’s no word as to which of the Bronco’s two internal-combustion engines will be used, a best guess would see front and rear electric motors paired with the optional turbocharged 2.7-liter V-6 and not the base turbocharged 2.3-liter four-cylinder. The Bronco hybrid will have more torque for rock crawling, and presumably there will be reduced fuel consumption. An arrival date remains a deep, dark secret, but The Sleuth predicts it for the 2022 model year.
A hybrid version of the new Bronco would give the off-roader more torque to go boulder-hopping.


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Jessore Hotels from Rs5,520
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Free cancellation on most hotels. Because flexibility matters.
Visitors can enjoy all that Jessore has to offer including the golf courses, entertainment choices and lakeside setting. Tourists can also enjoy the city's local tours, university setting and art. The closest major airport is in Jessore (JSR), 2.8 mi (4.5 km) from the city centre.
Dressing for Jessore
- Between January and March, you can expect the daytime average to be around 34°C and the nighttime average to be 13°C
- From April to June, temperatures average about 36°C during the day and 22°C at night
- July to September averages 32°C during the day and 24°C at night
- Between October and December, the average temperature is 32°C during the day and 13°C at night
- Jessore gets about 2338 millimetres of rain per year
- Hottest months are usually April and May with an average temperature of 35°C, while the coldest months are January and December with an average of 14°C

domain: travel


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Debbie Macomber's sweet small-town romance series Cedar Cove is now a weekly television show on Hallmark starring Andie MacDowell! Check out Rachel's recaps of the 2-hours series premiere, episode 2, episode 3, and episode 4, episode 5, episode 6, episode 7, and episode 8. And now, onto her recap of episode 9, “Old Flames New Sparks...”:
It’s all about the guys this time out, with Jack, Cliff, Stan, Will, Seth, John Bowman and even Bob taking center stage, their assorted paramours (and would-be paramours) much discussed, mooned over and wooed.
Let’s start with Jack (Dylan Neal), who kicks off the episode with some casual peeping, only to witness Olivia (Andie MacDowell) and her ex-husband Stan (Andrew Airlee) getting along famously, reliving old times. Jack has long been threatened by the genial Stan’s recent re-entry into Olivia’s life, and though Stan claims that he is in town for closure on the death of son Jordan, and to make amends with daughter Justine (Sarah Smyth), Jack is not the only one suspicious that maybe the compliment-throwing, flower-giving Mr. Lockhart is also hopeful of a deeper reconciliation with his beautiful ex-wife, despite the fact that he has remarried.
Another married man flirting with danger this week is Will (Cameron Bancroft), Olivia’s handsome brother and old friend/crush of Grace (Teryl Rothery). Returning to Cedar Cove last week after an absence of some years, Will is now owed dinner with Grace, after the recent Bachelor Auction. A gallant Will instead asks her out (which, isn’t that how it should work, anyway? Do the women in these escort-for-charity scenarios have to pay for the dinner as well as the company? That seems unfair), and the two reminisce about old high school times – Grace, dating the basketball star; Will, the “little geek” too shy to ask her out – and their re-acquaintance eventually leads Will to a confession: he and his wife Georgia have broken up. But it’s a secret break up, you understand, one she must keep from Olivia, along with the siblings’ busybody mother, Charlotte (Paula Shaw), because it would “break her heart.”
Yeah, sure that’s why you want to keep it secret, Will, you total playa! We saw you making eyes at that svelte brunette at the restaurant; we’re onto your game, bub. Especially when Grace goes in for the friendly, reassuring hug and you take the opportunity to mack on her like it’s junior year. It’s difficult to tell just how Grace feels about this adolescent move – she demurs, and runs off, but is she upset because he kissed her, or upset because she liked it? Or perhaps even upset because she’s been stringing along devoted rancher Cliff Harting (Sebastian Spence), and now she’s possibly caught up in and/or contemplating an extra-marital fling with her best-friend’s brother?
Cliff, meanwhile, is the handsomest man on this show – Will is the best-dressed; Jack is the wittiest; John Bowman is the most mysterious; Seth is... um. The Sethiest? – and moreover, he is a deeply good guy who is clearly infatuated with the sassy, kind-hearted Grace. So, of course, she blows him off this ep, leaving him slightly morose and full of foreboding wisdom when he and Jack share some (massively improbable) guy talk about their love interests, Cliff sure that Grace has eyes for an old flame: “When two people have that kind of history, it’s tough to compete with,” he says. “In my experience, when it feels like there’s still something there, well... usually, there is.” Oh, how apropos of current events in Jack’s life you so unknowingly are here, Handsome Harting! It’s like you’ve read the script or something.
If only Jack knew what Olivia is thinking – and telling Grace – about him, he’d be slightly less concerned. “For so many years, my life was just about getting through the day,” she says. “Now, with Jack, I have something to look forward to.” Apparently that “something” is waiting around while he works on the canoe he has rashly decided to build, much against the advice of his wood-working mentor, Bob (Bruce Boxleitner), who totally calls it when he says: “The first thing I ever built Peggy was a table. She loved it.” Who wouldn’t want a table over a canoe? Especially when Olivia then gets Jack box seats to a baseball game in Seattle – it’s her Mariners versus his Phillies, which helps us date events herein back to 2011, at the latest (which is when the two teams last played at Safeco Field) – and he’s so delighted about it that he later tells her: “I think I am falling in love with you.” As a result, his worries about Stan seem to have subsided, making that this episode’s Big Though Easily Resolved Conflict—again. Tickets to some form of rare sporting contest will do it, apparently, ladies. Make a note.
Elsewhere, however, Jack weighs into an unresolved conflict with the taciturn John Bowman (Charlie Carrick), who is dazzling no one with his acting ability but with whom Grace’s daughter Maryellen (Elyse Levesque) is utterly smitten. Jack wants to do a story on this chef/photographer wunderkind, but John Bowman is having none of it – I’m going to keep referring to him by both names until he is just “John” to our Cedar Covians – and gets suspiciously het up about Jack’s repeated requests. Add to that Maryellen’s discovery of many unopened letters addressed to a “Daniel Kirkland” at his house (where he cooked her what looked like a delicious dinner; damn, now I want shrimp), and her snooping phone call to his old restaurant in Tacoma to find out just why he was fired (oh, NOW she does it, after already recommending him to the Captain’s Galley; does she not realise that is the only place in his town anyone ever goes to eat?), and getting in ambiguous answer that he told lies on his application (NO WAY! No one EVER does that!)... well, clearly John Bowman has Secrets! What fun!
A conversely open book is the earnest, simple Seth (Corey Sevier), Justine’s boat-bound beau, with whom she has been spending much time learning the ways of the fisherfolk. All overcome with enthusiasm for this burgeoning relationship, Seth impulsively invites Justine to move in with him (on his boat), because they have been dating for at least six episodes, of course they’re ready for this next gigantic step. Justine decides the boat is a tad too cramped for her – ya think? – but instead has him move into her studio apartment with her. The two even (gasp!) sleep in the same bed, and there is the definite implication that certain other activities occurred before that (hard to fathom, I know, but this is the first time Cedar Cove has even suggested such a thing ever happens within its chaste confines. Saucy!). Except? Turns out Seth did not actually sleep in Justine’s bed, because he just couldn’t get comfortable on unmoving land, he being a child of the waterways and all. He says he’ll get used to it... but will he? And do we even care? It’s sad, because I like both of them, and they sure are pretty, but Seth and Justine are just...pah. All the real action here is with the older generation: Olivia, Grace, and their many men.
So what will the future bring for these two much-desired women? Will Grace succumb to Will’s practiced charm, and will Stan drive a wedge between the trying-so-hard Jack and Olivia? Will Cliff’s beach trail ride business be a hit, and will Grace ever put the poor guy out of his misery? It’ll be fun to find out, won’t it? Or, at the very least, pleasantly diverting.
There was, in fact, a lot to like in this episode – my favourite scene was one between Grace and Maryellen featuring ninjas, because ninjas always make everything more awesome – and as Cedar Cove gets better with each outing, I find am increasingly looking forward to the next one. Especially as this time around I hope we’ll get an update on just is going on with Miss Annabelle’s thrush situation. (I mean, really, show. Even if you are talking about a horse, there is never a reason to use that hideous word on TV. Never!)
See you next time...
Rachel Hyland is Editor in Chief of Geek Speak Magazine.

domain: entertainment


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City council: Whats next?
- Sam Bennett
- Lake Oswego Review - News
Lake Oswego City Manager Doug Schmitz helped execute a transformative vision for Lake Oswego.
The city council must now decide whether Schmitz's replacement should carry on in his tradition or blaze a different trail.
The council hopes to find a replacement for Schmitz by November and have that person start Jan. 1.
The first stage of that process will begin this week, as the city searches for a professional recruiting firm to solicit city manager candidates.
The city may choose from five such West Coast firms, according to Assistant City Manager David Donaldson.
At a special session Tuesday, the council debated whether the new city manager should have an agenda, such as urban renewal.
'What are the unique things that will make him fit here?' said Councilor John Turchi. 'Do we want someone who is an extrovert, who has PR skills, who is results oriented? We need to find out from the community.'
The council will consider hosting public meetings to see what residents want in a city manager, and possibly take requests on its Web site.
Councilor Ellie McPeak said the city manager should not come to town with an agenda, such as community redevelopment.
'I view the city council as the policy maker,' said McPeak. 'That's our business. The city manager is supposed to do what we want him to do.'
Regardless of how the council defines the new position, it will be operating under a tight timeline.
Once Donaldson begins, which will be around the first week in September, the council will have six months to hire the permanent city manager, according to city charter.
Because of the holiday season, Mayor Judie Hammerstad said she would like to have the position filled before Thanksgiving.
Donaldson emphasized the importance of a headhunter.
'Having a recruiter out there will serve you well,' he said.


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An earthquake struck an area northeast of BC. close to Fort St. John on Thursday after 5 pm PT.
According to the US Geological Survey, the earthquake had an initial strength of 4.2 and the epicenter was 22.4 kilometers southeast of Fort St. John.
People at Fort St. John, and Taylor, Chetwynd and Dawson Creek reported experiencing earthquakes on social media, but there are currently no reports of damage.
& mdash;@ sd60
My sofa and bookshelf trembled … sent a cat running!
Honn Kao, a research scientist from the Canadian Geological Survey, said that preliminary data showed that the earthquake had a relatively shallow depth which is likely why the earthquake was widely felt.
"This is certainly an event that has been felt by local residents," Kao said. "Although this is an important event for the region I don't think it will cause significant damage."
Hydraulic fault in the area
Although it has not been confirmed what caused the earthquake, Kao said B.C. The Oil and Gas Commission is investigating whether the earthquake is related to hydraulic fracture operations in the area.
Hydraulic fractures – or fracking – are when water, sand and other chemicals are injected underground at very high pressure to break shale rocks deep underground to extract natural gas.
"They have to connect the location and time of this event with a nearby injection operation," Kao said.
This area is from the country – western Alberta and northeast B.C. – has a high earthquake rate caused by fracking, according to a study from the University of Alberta.
With files from Johanna Wagstaffe


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A look at the life of several men who in the 60s and 70s left the calm of the province in Lebanon to join the economic boom that had its epicenter in the urban environment of the port of Beirut.
OFFICIAL SELECTIONS: Dubai International Film Festival/ Arab Film Festival Tuebingen/ Monaco Charity Film Festival/ Edinburgh International Film Festival/ Tous Ecran Beirut
Gate 5, Evoking the countryside from the port of Beirut
If there was a great social phenomenon brought by the economic boom of Lebanon since the 60s it was the important migration of peasants from the countryside to the city of Beirut, whose port became the first entrance of such bonanza.
Director Simon El Habre frames his camera to film his father, one of many peasants who enjoyed provincial life but who decided to take a truck to work in the ground transportation of goods brought and shipped by the port.
Beginning with interviews and visits to important places in the life of his father, the film opens up to portray other men who have lived similar experiences.
The most interesting feature of the film is its free editing, which oscillates between provincial images and those of the daily life of the port, a resource that leaves much space for the viewer to elucubrate new senses and evocations.


Railcar/luggage van (Treibwagen) CFm 2/4 9901 of 1925
This railcar was built by Schweizerische Industriegesellschaft (SIG), Neuhausen and was fitted with a Sulzer 8LV21 (215 x 300 mm bore & stroke) 250hp at 550rpm coupled to a Brown Boveri electric transmission.
(The railcar was numbered BFm 2/4, #791) Test runs began in February 1925 being noted on February 19th working a round trip from Wallisellen to Romanshorn, operating with a trailer, total weight being 76 tons. A week later the Hauenstein line was visited, on the upward gradient (27% above Olten) the railcar without trailer reached a speed of 27km/h. In working to Sissach with a trailer and on a gradient of 21% it reached 26km/h. It was later allocated to Brugg depot and handled the service to Wohlen, a daily mileage of 172 km.
From May 1927 to 1932 it operated the Brugg - Wettingen - Otelfingen - Niederglatt route, a daily mileage of 206 km. Sometime after May 1932 it was noted stopped at Zurich with mechanical problems. In its last sphere of activity it had been replaced in May 1933 by the CFm 2/4 9921. During 1937 its original engine was replaced by a Sulzer two-stroke opposed piston model 4ZG14 of 400hp at 1,250rpm (possibly similar to a Junkers type - the pistons working the crankshaft by rods & levers) (Redesignated Cm2/4 #9901). By the spring of 1938 it was at Winterthur working the Koblenz - Winterthur - Etzwilen - Singen and Effretikon - Hinwil route.
Between 1939 and 1945 the shortage of fuel oil led to it being stored. When supplies became available after 1945 it was allocated to Bellinzona depot, operating over the Luino line to Ranzo alongside FM 2/4 18601, with a daily mileage of 268 km. By 1946 it had become increasingly unreliable and was eventually taken out of service and stored.
Attempts to justify electrification of the Nyon - Crassier - Divonne line proved uneconomic, even the existing service provided by steam traction (mostly an Eb 3/5 or Ec 3/5 with a luggage wagon and a passenger vehicle) was losing money. It was thought that the stored CFm 2/4 9901 could better meet this route's modest requirements which led to its re-activation and for a third time it's was re-engined in 1951, now with a Saurer V12 300hp engine operating at 1,500 rpm, becoming CFm 2/4 791. Tested during December at Zurich & Berne it began service during February 1952 between Nyon and Divonne. The abolition of third class in 1956 saw it redesignated BFm 2/4 791 and then BFm 2/4 1691 in 1959.
In July 1962 the power unit suffered damage, repairs were not forthcoming and the railcar languished out of service for three years at Biel & Delemont. In April 1965 the engine and transmission were removed, with the vehicle taken over by the maintenance of way department as a measuring and calibration car number X 91502 in 1966. In 1976 the vehicle was renumbered to Xa 30 85 97 30 100-8 and was finally retired in January 1989.
Particulars with refernce to its original build:
C= third class, M=internal combustion, f= luggage compartment, with four axles two of which were powered.
Luggage van Fm 2/4 18601 of 1930
This luggage van was built by Schweizerische Industriegesellschaft, Neuhausen with a Maschinenfabrik Oerlikon electric transmission. It was powered by a Sulzer 6LV28 four stroke engine (280 x 360 mm bore & stroke) of 350hp at 520 rpm, or 420hp at 620rpm which was directly coupled to a Type 8B950 main generator and Type GE45 auxiliary generator. Main generator maximum voltage was 1020 volts, auxiliary generator normal voltage was 150 volts. Excitation of the main generator was provided by the auxiliary generator which was fitted with a compound winding for this purpose. Water from the engine was circulated and cooled through external roof mounted panels before returning to the engine compartment. The two self-ventilated Type EM520 traction motors, with gear ratio 1:4.12 were located on the bogie at the opposite end from the diesel engine compartment to assist in even weight distribution. A compressor supplied air for the brakes and for the engine's control systems.
Trials were carried out with several trailers to a total weight of 130 tons.
After delivery in the January 1930 the FM 2/4 18601 was allocated to Winterthur. Initially operation of the railcar was minimal, operating short distances to Etzweilen & Thalheim. By 1935 the railcar was working trips to Etzweilen and Singen. During 1936 it was re-engined with 6LDA28 turbocharged engine, 600 bhp, straight-six cylinders. It was now covering 600km daily on express workings over the Winterthur - Schaffhausen - Konstantz - Basel - Winterthur route, for much of 1938/39 its monthly mileage totalled 18,000km, a remarkable achievement. Unfortunately the start of World War Two in September 1939 put an end to this success, the shortage of fuel oil sidelining the diesel powered vehicles.
In 1945 the railcar returned to Bellinzona depot, being used on the Luino line. During May 1947 it was transferred to Winterthur depot and was reclassified Fm 2/4 891, being used on the Singen line. In the summer of 1957 the crankshaft broke, it was re-engined with an SLM V8, 8YD20TrT turbo charged engine, 720bhp at 1,200 rpm (200 x 240mm bore & stroke) similar to that used in the Em 3/3 shunter.
It was again renumbered, this time to Fm 2/4 1692 at the end of 1961 and allocated to Geneva. It appears not to have been used too profitably here on the lines to Nyon and Divonne, so in May 1962 it returned to Winterthur covering the workings between Etwilen and Singen. It remained on these workings into May 1969 alternating with a Bm 4/4. Its usefulness declined - used from time to time in the Remisen of Wil or simply parked out of service at Etzwilen.
Since its SLM V8 and generator group were identical to those fitted to Em 3/3 18801-18806, it was retired December 29th 1971 and surrendered its engine-generator set to the aforementioned locomotives.
In March 1973 the engineless luggage van was later sold to the Emmental-Burgdorf-Thun Railway which used it in its emergency train, renumbering the vehicle to 1201.
Particulars with refernce to its original build:
Railcar RCm 2/4 101 & 102 of 1935
Known as Red Arrows these two stylish railcars were built by SLM and each equipped with a Sulzer six cylinder engine, 190mm bore by 230mm stroke, output 290hp at 1200rpm, transmission was of the SLM oil pressure operated mechanical gearbox type, reverse gear was operated pneumatically. Maximum speed for each of the forward gears was 28, 49, 70, 96 & 124 km/H.
Both motor coaches were delivered during December 1935, initially undergoing extensive testing, including working over the Bellinzona - Luino line. Following the testing they were assigned to Lausanne depot, a daily mileage of 534km involved one working the route from Lausanne to Lyss and Solothurn. The second motor coach was held in reserve.
The evaluation of the two vehicles after three operational years was not encouraging, such that by the mid 1940's both cars were often out of service for great lengths of time.
Thus in 1945 the authorities were not in a hurry to return the two 'Red Arrows' to service. They remained in Lausanne but for a short while in the autumn of 1945 one handled a daily pair of passenger trains between Payerne & Freiburg, a round trip of 132km. After the electrification of this route from May 4th 1947 they were used on the Nyon and Divonne service.
The success of the electrically powered 'Red Arrows' led to the decision to convert the two diesel powered 'Red Arrows' to electric propulsion, this was completed by HW Zurich in 1951/53. They were reclassified RCe and renumbered 611 in 1951 and 612 in 1953. The gearbox was left in place, meaning the electric motor could not be used at full power, requiring the gearbox's fourth gear to be used when the railcar ventured into the mountains. Normally only the highest gear - fifth - was used. The reverse gear was also left in place and continued to plague the drivers. The cars were dismantled in 1964.
Particulars with refernce to their original build:
Appenzeller Bahn Triebwagen (Railcars)
The Appenzell Railway is located in a mountainous district in the north east of Switzerland, connecting Appenzell with Herisau & Gossau.
Engine: 6LV22 250hp
These were the first narrow gauge diesel powered vehicles to run in Switzerland. The railcars were designed to haul three trailers in regular service on the mountain grades, on the downhill runs the braking equipment was sufficient to handle eight trailers.
The car body was provided by Societe Industrielle Suisse, Neuhausen & the electrical equipment from Ateliers de Construction, Oerlikon. The car body was oak framed with a metal covering, steel at the motor bogie end and aluminium at the diesel engine end, a novel way to save weight and keep the axleloading under nine tons.
The trial run of the railcar took place on April 2nd 1929. The weather was indifferent, four inches of fresh snow were on the ground and a strong east wind was blowing, increasing the uphill resistance of the train. For the trial run the railcar was coupled to three coaches for a total weight of 68 tons. The line is 16.25 miles in length running from Gossau to Appenzell, rising 870 feet with many curves, the maximum gradient being 1 in 27. The test run ran to the steam timetable permitting only a maximum speed of about 22mph.
When both railcars were placed in service they were able to handle about 75% of the timetabled services. As well as a considerable saving in fuel costs the preparation time for the railcars was about ten minutes as compared to two hours for the steam locomotives.
An account prepared for the directors of the railway compared the costs of operating the service (220km per day for 268 days):
The better availability of the diesel railcars allowed for an increase in services, capturing extra traffic from a competing line.
The continuous rated output for the engine is:
Information based on several articles translated from German, all errors & omissions are entirely mine.
Page added March 25th 2004.


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Grand Jester Studios: Batman Statue
Sale Price: $345.00
You Save: $5.00 (1%)
Sixth Scale Statue by Enesco
Enesco is proud to present the Batman Sixth Scale Statue by Grand Jester Studios.
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