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by Pratap Bhanu Mehta (President, Centre for Policy Research, Delhi)
Crossfire over Heehs’s work says much about our public culture of readership
India’s visa policy for scholars has long been a scandal unworthy of a liberal democracy. But the public culture of readership is even more disconcerting. Indian democracy now has to be defended book by book.
The crossfire over legalities and free speech is obscuring a deeper point. Why is our public culture so hostile to arguments that display the slightest degree of sophistication? Why do we not want to look at any argument that nudges us out of our comfort zones? Peter Heehs’s The Lives of Sri Aurobindo is a good case study for these questions. It is a historically adroit and intellectually acute work of scholarship. It goes without saying that an author’s rights must not be dependent on whether the book is a worthy one. But it should be disturbing that serious works can be so easily maligned. The tactics used reflect a wider culture of readership that does not bode well for a liberal culture: reduce complex arguments to sound bites, quote out of context and absolutely refuse to countenance any arguments that might actually elevate us. Those who attack Heehs are unwittingly revealing how little they understand Aurobindo. But they are also exhibiting symptoms of a wider cultural crisis.
I have had a long professional interest in Aurobindo. Heehs’s book was a revelation, one that elevates its subject rather than diminishes him. It is a first-rate piece of intellectual history at many levels. Its reconstruction of Aurobindo’s difficult and often obscure thought is remarkably precise. It is the first book to get the relationship between Aurobindo’s sadhna and his philosophy almost exactly right. It is a measure of its acuteness that it has grasped a deep philosophical fact: that most of Aurobindo’s oeuvre, including the The Life Divine, is an extended reworking of the Isa Upanishad. Its descriptions of Aurobindo’s own sadhna, are vivid; its reconstruction of his political theory, and the later Aurobindo’s surprising and insightful political judgements splendid. Why would such a book draw ire?
There are three ridiculous charges against the book. The first is Aurobindo’s self-confessed lack of physical courage and tendency to dissimulate in his young days. But this is understandably human; Aurobindo would be diminished if he never had fears and never lied. The remarkable story is the story of his transformation. The second is the alleged association of spiritual experience with madness. This charge is rubbish. Heehs discusses the biographical fact of madness in the family. He briefly refers to the theory that the line between a heightened state of awareness and madness is a thin one. But the thrust of the book is Aurobindo’s remarkable self-possession; the reference to this possible theory only heightens the sense of constancy in his career. The question is pertinent for Aurobindo since the whole point of his own quest was to distinguish a true spiritual experience from the simulacrum of one. Aurobindo’s own struggle had this caution: If you are going to explore the frontiers of consciousness, don’t be too confident that you understand what you have experienced. The third charge is an alleged relationship with Mother (Mirra). As a historian, Heehs simply recounts two incidents for which there is eye witness evidence that requires interpretation. On the face of it the incidents don’t tell you all that much about the relationship, though it is hard to describe even within the traditional categories of Shakti. But the reactions tell you a great deal about the fragility and close-mindedness of those who are shocked.
So the explanation for why people are offended has little to do with the content of the book. It has more to do with two failures. The first is a failure of liberal education that leaves you completely unprepared to handle complexity. I am not a fan of psychoanalytic interpretations of dubious value, an industry that often gets scandalously more academic respectability than it deserves. But in India a book that has the slightest hint of curiosity about the unconscious recesses of the mind is destined to be condemned. Even in Ramanujan’s great essay on the many Ramayanas, now banished from Delhi University, the parts that actually cause discomfort in students are the hints of Freudian interpretation; it is not the claim about diversity. How could it be otherwise for an undergraduate culture that has never read Freud and therefore does not know how to respond even when they disagree? For a culture whose texts are remarkably adventurous in exploring both the higher reaches of consciousness and its lower depths, this unthinking and unconfident recoil at a mere mention of psychological possibilities is a reflection of our cramped education.
But the second failure is among the so-called believers to cultivate a proper religious sensibility. Heehs is accused of writing from the standpoint of a non-believer, even though the book is an extraordinary work of sraddha. Aurobindo himself was conscious of two things. First, that the reconstruction of fragments of tradition was hard; the meaning of many sacred texts was simply inaccessible to us. Despite working laboriously, Aurobindo more or less admitted that he had not been able to recover the meaning of the Vedas. Most who read him on the subject cannot either, but do not have his self-confidence to admit it. Rather than admitting the inherent difficulty of the enterprise, the response is to draw a protective curtain and monumentalise tradition, as if to raise difficult questions is to commit an offence.
Second, following the Upanishads, the central category for most modern Indian intellectual history is not faith but experience. After all is said and done, the authority of any claim derives not from its antiquity or its revealed character, but its relation to experience. This is a kind of enlarged empiricism, albeit of a curious kind. The relationship between “higher experiences” and ordinary life, the relationship between the transcendent and the social, has also continuously plagued modern Indian intellectual history. For figures like Aurobindo and Vivekananda, this tension is resolved at the plane of their consciousness. But it is never even remotely resolved at the level of social existence. For followers, bereft of the experience, what remains is the assertion of faith. We put ourselves under the yoke of the Divine when we feel its presence the least.
Aurobindo wanted to “prepare India for Truth”. But the relentless assault on scholarship, the cramped sensibility with which we approach tradition, and the reduction of intellectual life to questions of identity suggest one thing: we are not prepared for any truth, whether it comes with a small “t” or a capital “T”.
From The Indian Express, April 12, 2012.
In Hume’s Footsteps
by Ramachandra Guha (Philippe Roman Chair of International Affairs and History, London School of Economics)
Many Indians know that it was an Englishman, Allan Octavian Hume, who set up the Indian National Congress; and that it was an Englishman, Charles Freer Andrews, who was Mahatma Gandhi’s closest friend, in that capacity of lobbying with the British to grant India freedom, while (on his own steam
and following his own conscience) writing a series of stirring pamphlets on the shameful condition of Indian labourers in Fiji, Africa, and the Caribbean. Indians also know that an Irishwoman, Annie Besant, established a ‘Home Rule League’ promoting self-governance for India, as well as schools for Indian girls in Benares, Madras, and elsewhere.
The line of western fighters for India’s freedom is long. There is a perhaps longer (if less well known) list of foreigners who, after the British departed, made signal contributions to the now independent Republic of India. Consider the anthropologist Verrier Elwin, who, in the 1930s and 1940s, wrote a series of very moving studies of the tribals of central India, bringing their predicament to wider attention. In 1954 he became the first foreigner to be granted Indian nationality; moving the same year to Shillong, he was appointed adviser to the Government of the North East Frontier Agency (as Arunachal Pradesh was then known). In that capacity he promoted policies that protected tribal claims to land and forest; that resisted encroachment on their homeland by outsiders; that urged senior officials to be sympathetic to their languages and lifestyles. Partly – some would say largely – as a result of Elwin’s policies, Arunachal is the one state in the North-east which has not had a secessionist movement.
In 1957 an Oxford man even more brilliant than Elwin took up Indian nationality. This was JBS Haldane, who is regarded as one of the three or four greatest biologists since Charles Darwin. Haldane set up research schools in Calcutta and Orissa, groomed some fine students, and himself wrote a rivetingly readable newspaper column that made ordinary Indians aware of the wonders and mysteries of science. When Haldane died, in 1964, his body – as per his will – was sent to a nearby medical college, so that his fellow Indians would improve their scientific skills at his expense.
Elwin and Haldane were principally scholars and writers. Two other Europeans who made India their own were principally social activists. The first, called Catherine Mary Heilman by her parents, took the name Sarla Behn after coming to India and becoming a disciple of Mahatma Gandhi. She set up an ashram in rural Kumaun, which still functions, educating young girls and training them in weaving and other crafts. Sarla Behn identified completely with her homeland. She courted arrest during the Quit India Movement of 1942. In the 1950s she groomed a new generation of social workers, among them such remarkable activists as Chandi Prasad Bhatt, Radha Bhatt and Sunderlal Bahuguna. In the 1970s, these activists started the Chipko Movement, while in turn training the next generation of activists, those who led the movement for a state of Uttarakhand.
Another Gandhian of English origin was Laurie Baker. In the 1950s, he helped his Malayali wife run a hospital in a village in Pithoragarh, close to the Nepal border. Later, they moved to Kerala where Baker, who was trained as an architect, resumed his profession, now adapted to Indian conditions. His decentralised and ecologically-oriented approach was in stark contrast to the concrete-and-glass-heavy methods of contemporary architecture. Using local craftsmen and local materials, he built some wonderful homes and offices, among them the campus of the Centre for Development Studies in Thiruvananthapuram, where his methods saved so much money that the Centre was able to build a world-class library as well.
Contemporary exemplars of this admirable trend of cross-cultural living (and giving) include the economist Jean Dreze and the sociologist Gail Omvedt. Without Dreze, who was born in Belgium, there might never have been a National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme; without Omvedt, who is of American origin, gender and Dalit studies in India would be far less robust.
It is in this noble tradition that Peter Heehs falls. Heehs was recently in the news, for the fact that after staying in India for nearly 40 years he finds his visa status in peril. In his decades in this country Heehs has won a considerable reputation as a historian and biographer. His books The Bomb in Bengal and The Lives of Sri Aurobindo are superb works of historical scholarship. The latter book, first published to wide acclaim by Columbia University Press, is not yet available in India, owing to a court case filed by motivated (and perhaps ignorant) people. As one who has read the book I can say that it’s unlikely ever to be surpassed. It deals with all facets of Aurobindo’s life – student, teacher, revolutionary, ascetic, spiritualist, poet, philosopher – with scrupulous sympathy combined with scrupulous honesty.
No one knows more than Heehs about the life of Sri Aurobindo. And no one has done more, either, to preserve Sri Aurobindo’s works for posterity. Heehs and his colleagues – some western, some Indian – were instrumental in setting up the archives of the Aurobindo Ashram; and in publishing 16 volumes of Aurobindo’s writings, these painstakingly transcribed over very many years of selfless service. Yet this is the man, and scholar, now threatened with deportation from India due to the intrigues of petty and motivated men.
As I write this, news comes that the home ministry is ‘reviewing’ Heehs’ visa extension. One trusts that the review is favourable; that would be the right thing for (and by) Heehs, for Sri Aurobindo, and for India.
From Hindustan Times, April 2, 2012
Ban the Ban
by Ramachandra Guha
Earlier this year, the Gujarat government banned a book on Mahatma Gandhi by an American writer. The book was not then available in India, and no one in Gujarat had read it. The ban, ordered by the chief minister, Narendra Modi, was on the basis of a tendentious news report and a still more tendentious book review.
After Modi announced his ban, the first instinct of the government of India was to emulate him. Congress spokesmen called for a countrywide ban. The then law minister, Veerappa Moily, indicated that he would follow their lead. There was a spirit of competitive chauvinism abroad; how could the Congress allow a non-Congress politician to claim to be defending the reputation of the Mahatma?
In the event, the government of India did not enforce a ban on the book. This was principally because of two quick, focused interventions by Rajmohan Gandhi and Gopalkrishna Gandhi. Both are grandsons of the Mahatma; both, besides, are scholars and public figures in their own right. Rajmohan and Gopalkrishna wrote signed articles in the press saying that a ban would be contrary to the spirit of Gandhi, a man who encouraged and promoted debate; it would also call into question India’s claims to be the world’s largest democracy.
A ban makes news; the withdrawal of a ban does not. Gandhi scholars in particular, and Indians in general, owe Rajmohan and Gopalkrishna a debt of gratitude, for pressurizing the government to allow the free circulation of Joseph Lelyveld’s The Great Soul in 27 states of the country. It remains illegal to own or possess a copy of the book in the 28th state of the Union, which happens to be Gandhi’s own. By banning the book before it was available, Modi thought he could camouflage his sectarian leanings in the protective cloak of the Mahatma’s pluralism. In the event, once the government of India — bowing to the sensible advice of Gandhi’s grandsons — allowed the free circulation of the book, the fact that it is not yet legally available in Gujarat only exposes the insularity and xenophobia of that state’s chief minister.
Sadly, the bravery (and decency) of Gandhi’s grandsons has not been emulated by defenders or descendants of some other great men of modern India. Consider the fate, within India, of a biography of Sri Aurobindo written by Peter Heehs. Heehs is a real scholar, the author of several substantial works of history (among them The Bomb in Bengal). What’s more, he was for many years in charge of the archives in the Aurobindo Ashram in Pondicherry.
In 2008, Columbia University Press in New York published Peter Heehs’s The Lives of Sri Aurobindo. The product of a lifetime of scholarship, its empirical depth and analytical sharpness is unlikely to be surpassed. For Heehs knows the documentary evidence on and around Aurobindo’s life better than anyone else. He has a deep knowledge of the political and spiritual worlds in which his subject moved and by which he was shaped.
Alas, this remarkable life of a remarkable Indian cannot be read in India. This is because of an injunction on its sale asked for by self-professed devotees of Aurobindo, and granted by a hyper-active high court in Orissa. Heehs’s book is respectful but not reverential. He salutes Aurobindo for his contributions to the freedom struggle. Before Aurobindo, writes Heehs, “no one dared to speak openly of independence; twenty years later, it became the movement’s accepted goal”. He praises Aurobindo’s contributions to literature and philosophy. However, Heehs is gently sceptical of the claim that Aurobindo possessed supernatural powers. “To accept Sri Aurobindo as an avatar is necessarily a matter of faith,” he writes, adding that “matters of faith quickly become matters of dogma”.
This understated, unexceptionable statement drove the dogmatic followers of Aurobindo bananas. Some devotees filed a case in the Orissa High Court, restraining the Indian publisher from circulating the book in India. Other devotees filed a case in a Tamil Nadu court, seeking the revocation of Peter Heehs’s visa and his extradition from this country. By these (and other) acts, the contemporary keepers of Aurobindo’s flame showed themselves to be far less courageous than the grandsons of Gandhi. Is their icon so fragile that he can be destroyed or even damaged by a single, scholarly, book?
Consider, next, the case of The Polyester Prince, a book about Dhirubhai Ambani published in 1998 by an Australian journalist named Hamish McDonald. This was no work of scholarship — slight in weight and substance, it was yet noteworthy for its documentation of the intimate connections between a successful entrepreneur on the one side and senior politicians and government officials on the other. The book was not sold in India — for reasons never made clear, but which certainly had something to do with the thin skins of the subject’s descendants.
In fact, it was almost impossible to get a copy of The Polyester Prince outside India as well. Someone — we may speculate who or whom — had apparently bought up and pulped the remaining stock. The few available copies were selling on internet sites for upwards of $500 a copy. Last year, the book was issued in a new edition, and with a new title. Now called Ambani and Sons, it contained some fresh chapters on the next generation of the family. However, many critical references to politicians and to the Ambanis themselves, present in the original edition, had been dropped. This was the price asked for by an Indian publisher in exchange for the rights to distribute the book in this country.
As these cases illustrate, the republic of India bans books with a depressing frequency. Three factors promote this culture of banning. First, the descendants or devotees of biographical subjects are often too nervous or insecure to have them discussed with objectivity and rigour. Second, these fanatical or insecure followers have found an ally in the courts. Although the Supreme Court has tended to act on the side of the freedom of expression, lower courts have been less wise. Judges who are malleable or publicity-hungry pass injunctions forbidding the free circulation of books and works of art. Few petitioners have the time, or money, or energy, to wait and fight till the case reaches the Supreme Court (a process that can take years). A ban once invoked is therefore rarely revoked.
The third and most significant reason for the proliferation of bans is the pusillanimity of our political class. An early example was the ban on Salman Rushdie’s The Satanic Verses by Rajiv Gandhi’s government in 1989. As the historian, Dharma Kumar, wrote at the time, the ban was “a sign of the Government’s weakness. In a secular state blasphemy should not in itself be a cognizable offence; the President of India is not the defender of any nor of all faiths”.
In subsequent years, governments and politicians of all stripes have recklessly banned books, films, and paintings that simply express a point of view. The Left Front in Bengal promoted a ban on the novels of the brave Bangladeshi writer, Tasleema Nasreen; Narendra Modi has banned a book on Jinnah as well at least one film by Aamir Khan; the party of Sharad Pawar in Maharashtra was instrumental in a ban on a scholarly book on Shivaji; rampaging bands of Hindutvawadis destroyed paintings by M.F. Husain and, by filing case after case against him in the courts, forced him into exile.
It is a sorry tale, this tale of cowardice in the face of intimidation. Lower courts and even some high courts have been accomplices in this process of the stifling of free speech. So too have been politicians of all parties and governments. Indian democrats may take solace in the few exceptions: these being the institution of the Supreme Court, and those public-spirited public figures, Rajmohan and Gopalkrishna Gandhi.


Commissioner John Williams, angry over Dania's approval of a skyscraper, persuaded the City Commission to ask the South Florida Regional Planning Council to review the proposal.
The 40-story diamond exchange center, which would be Broward County's tallest building, is planned for Sheridan Street and Federal Highway at the Dania/ Hollywood boundary.
The planning council could force more stringent construction requirements for the building and delay construction while the council reviews the facility, Williams said.
"I'm not properly satisfied that Dania is measuring the impact of this building in terms of parking and increased traffic," Williams said. "A project of that size will impact on Hollywood."
Dania City Manager Dick Marant was outraged by Williams' maneuver.
"I think it's an act that could be precipitated only by small-minded and insipid people," Marant said. "John Williams is probably one of the primary detriments to well-meaning developers attempting to diversify and expand growth in the city of Hollywood.
"The city of Hollywood should not impose its imbalanced views on Dania. We will not be scared off by Hollywood."
To be reviewed by the council, the diamond center would have to be classified as a development of regional impact (DRI) by the state.
Traditionally, buildings have to contain 300,000 square feet to be considered a DRI, but state officials can lower that threshold if they desire.
Various projections show the exchange center, formally known as the Dania World Trade Center, would consist of between 270,000 square feet and 299,000 square feet, Williams said.
However, Marant noted that no plans have been filed yet for the center.
"We have not even seen a request from the developer," Marant said. "There is nothing in our files and nothing in our building department. Give us a chance to first take a look at what somebody wants to do before running out and foaming at the mouth."
Dania commissioners approved an ordinance earlier this month allowing high- rise commercial buildings in a specific commericial district. Williams had criticized an early version of the ordinance, but appeared satisfied with the final version.


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Coe Hill’s summer camp looks like it was a blast this week for 44 kids.
An end-of -camp barbecue is planned today, when two “low rider” bicycles will be awarded to a couple of lucky children, says camp organizer Maryann Post.
She passed along some photos of the week so far, with the following comments:
“We had Barbara Shaw volunteer her time to do a Yoga instruction with the children, and from the moves she taught they played some fun games. Every child absolutely loved this.”
“The children had delicious lunches catered everyday. Picture attached was “Choose Life and Live” they prepared a yummy vegan lunch for the camp”
“Sherry Bickle stopped in and surprised the kids with yet another challenge. Sherry handed out coloring sheets of the Wild West Weeekend famous mascot! Each child will have a chance to enter their art and win a prize!”
“The picture of the quilt blocks is a craft the children worked hard on and we will be selling raffle tickets at the Wild West Weekend and entering it into the Coe Hill Fair!”

domain: artistic


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***Ilia Stambler, PhD, is a researcher at Bar Ilan University, Israel. His research focuses on the historical and social implications of aging and life extension research. He is the author of A History of Life-extensionism in the Twentieth Century (www.longevityhistory.com). He is actively involved in advocacy for aging and longevity research (www.longevityforall.org). He is chair of the Israeli Longevity Alliance (www.longevityisrael.org/)
Will the cure for cancer ever be found? Will robots be able to replace doctors? Will human being reach immortality? Our interviewee, Dr. Ilia Stambler, answers these and other questions about the future of health and the battle against diseases.
The researcher from The Bar-Llan University in Israel is one of the world's most prestigious experts in the field of longevity studies, who has first-hand updated information within the international scientific circle, who fight against diseases, implementing the most innovative technologies with the aim of raising the quality and the life expectancy of the human being.
10 years ago you wrote about cancer (1)...¿ cancer will be overcome?
I do hope so. Likely it will not be "completely cured" as cancer is an adverse outcome of the cell's replicative potential that is essential for life. But it may be possible to prevent it for a long time, and if it does arrive, to make it manageable. As the risk for cancer greatly increases due to the aging process (as well as the risk for other aging-related diseases, such as Alzheimer's, chronic obstructive lung disease, Type 2 diabetes, heart disease, etc) - an effective way to prevent cancer (and those other diseases) may be by intervening into and postponing the degenerative aging process itself! And it may be possible to do so with sufficient effort. In our work on cancer detection that you referred to, we also show that for cancer diagnosis it is important to consider the combination of diagnostic parameters, including age, not just look at individual factors, in order to improve diagnosis. To overcome or postpone the appearance of cancer, as well as other age-related diseases, it will also be necessary to address many risk factors holistically, as a combination, including the aging process. That is not an easy task, but it can be done with sufficient effort.
How long will life expectancy be in the next few years?
It is difficult to make exact predictions. The trends of life-expectancy are different in different circumstances. Now the world average life expectancy is about 71 years, while it is about 80 in the "developed" countries. However, in the so-called "developed" countries, the increases in life expectancy recently slowed down, though they are still rather large. On the average, in the "developed countries" every year, about 3 months are added to the life expectancy. In contrast, in the so-called "developing" countries, in Latin America, Africa and parts of Asia, life expectancy has been increasing as much as about 6 months every year. That means a dramatic reduction of people's mortality. Yet, further reductions of mortality and improvements of life expectancy can be possible in the near future thanks to development of new medical technologies, even radical improvements.
What are the most common diseases in the future?
Due to the aging of the world population, communicable infectious diseases are becoming less prevalent, while chronic, age-related diseases (cancer, dementia, heart disease, type 2 diabetes, etc.) take the central stage. And that is a sign of the progress of medicine that was able to intervene and virtually eradicate many deadly infectious diseases that did not allow many people to survive to old age. (Though of course even now problems and dangers of infectious diseases still remain and need to be dealt with, such as antibiotic resistance.) But what will happen if it is possible to intervene into the aging process and thereby virtually eradicate also aging-related diseases? What kind of diseases may appear then? I hope we get to the point when we can face this question.
Do you think that human will "link" with machines with artificial intelligence?
We are already linked with artificial intelligence (AI). Few people in the world can now live without internet communication and search engines, which are forms of AI. Nowadays, a question that required days of research in a library, can be answered by a search engine in a moment. There may be good and bad sides to this trend. Many people rely on AI so much that they begin to forget their grammar and arithmetic. But the trend of combining human and artificial intelligence is already here, and will likely intensify in the future. The hope is to make the best of this trend, also for the solution of urgent scientific and medical questions that face humanity.
Do you think that robot would replace doctors in the future?
It is unlikely that robots will completely replace doctors. Whatever the degree of formalization and computerization of medical knowledge and skill, there will also be a place for a human "touch", intuition, experience and "knack" that cannot be easily formalized and reproduced by computers. But I do believe there will be a stronger use of the capabilities of artificial intelligence and big data analytics to find effective and precise diagnostic and therapeutic solutions, robotic surgery and other forms of computer assisted precision therapy, by the physicians as well as by the patients themselves.
What are the main organizations in the world that are doing studies on longevity?
There are various types of organizations for the advancement of longevity studies. One type is the academic research institutes, mainly associated with universities, that study biological aging processes and work to translate this knowledge into therapies for age-related ill health. There are now dozens of such research institutes around the world, though with a notable concentration in the US (e.g. Buck Institute in Novato California, Albert Einstein College of Medicine in New York). Another type is the private for-profit companies engaged in commercial translation and application of longevity research (e.g. Calico, Human Longevity Inc.). And yet another type is the non-profit research and advocacy associations (e.g. the International Society on Aging and Disease). All types of related organizations need to be encouraged and supported for the longevity field to flourish. Currently, the pro-longevity organizations are mainly concentrated in the US. There needs to be a greater spread of such organizations and institutes around the world to advance the field globally.
Do you think human can be immortal?
Potential immortality is a property of life, which allowed life to survive for billions of years. There is also no law in nature that mandates aging or prevents potential immortality also for individual organisms. Many organisms in nature do not age, are able to rejuvenate themselves, or can be considered potentially immortal (in the sense of potential indefinite continuation of some of their properties). Can it be possible for humans? Evidently, there are certain limitations to the human lifespan that result from the human evolutionary development under specific environmental conditions, producing specific internal organization. Can those limitations be completely overcome to produce an immortal organism? And if they can be, how much of a "human" will remain in that organism? These are rather theoretical questions, perhaps relevant for a distant future. What is certain now is that the present human lifespan can be extended to some degree and that human longevity and health can be improved by medical technology. Let us hope that we can make the best use of medical science and technology to achieve healthy life extension for ourselves and others as much as we possibly can.
Is there any longevity project in the world that you want to highlight?
I would rather not promote any particular research project or direction. We do not know yet what research project or direction can be most promising for extending healthy longevity. What I would like to promote is the setting of the goal of extending healthy longevity as a public priority. Thanks to such goal setting and public support, many new and diverse research projects and directions can flourish. To achieve this goal, we need to strengthen the public grass roots movement for healthy longevity, that should include not only scientists, but people from all walks of life. The longevity movement needs to engage activists and public educators, organize outreach and awareness campaigns and develop advocacy organizations - in a way similar to the Green movement or other public movements. Such public involvement and activism for longevity science are only beginning to emerge, but they do begin to emerge. A good example is the recent International Longevity Day (October 1) and Longevity Month (October) campaigns that engaged longevity activists from dozens of countries. Hopefully there will be more public advocacy initiatives, more events, publications and organizations supporting the advancement of science for healthy longevity, and more and more people will join the longevity movement.

domain: biology


text: Background The prevalence of asthma has increased alarmingly in the past 2 to 3 decades. Increased antibiotic use in infancy has been suggested to limit exposure to gastrointestinal microbes and to predispose to asthma in later life. Objective To evaluate the association between antibiotic exposure during the first year of life and the development of asthma up to the age of 7 years. Methods A retrospective population-based study of a cohort of children enrolled in a nationwide employer-provided health insurance plan from January 1, 1999, through December 31, 2006, in the United States (n = 62,576). We evaluated the association between antibiotic exposure during the first year of life and subsequent development of 3 asthma phenotypes: transient wheezing (began and resolved before 3 years of age), late-onset asthma (began after 3 years of age), and persistent asthma (began before 3 years of age and persisted through 4-7 years of age). Results Antibiotic use in the first year of life was associated with the development of transient wheezing (odds ratio [OR], 2.0; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.9-2.2; P <.001) and persistent asthma (OR, 1.6; 95% CI, 1.5-1.7; P <.001). A dose-response effect was observed. When 5 or more antibiotic courses were received, the odds of persistent asthma doubled (OR, 1.9; 95% CI, 1.5-2.6; P <.001). There is no association between antibiotic use and late-onset asthma. Conclusion Antibiotic use in the first year life is associated with an increased risk of early-onset childhood asthma that began before 3 years of age. The apparent effect has a clear dose response. Heightened caution about avoiding unnecessary use of antibiotics in infants is warranted.

domain: medical


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Antibody drug conjugates (ADCs) represent a niche but important area in biotherapeutic drug development. ADCs, which consist
of a monoclonal antibody (mAb) chemically linked to a small-molecule therapeutic, are a promising modality for certain therapeutic
areas such as oncology. ADCs are attracting the interest of both small and large pharmaceutical companies in their drug-development
efforts as well as contract manufacturers specializing in high-potency API manufacturing and related conjugation services.
Patricia Van Arnum
Evaluating the opportunities
In August 2011, FDA approved Adcetris (brentuximab vedotin), codeveloped by Seattle Genetics and Millennium Pharmaceuticals
(now part of Takeda Pharmaceutical), making it only the second ADC approved by FDA. Adcetris was approved for treating Hodgkin's
lymphoma and systemic anaplastic large-cell lymphoma. Adcetris consists of three parts: the chimeric IgG1 antibody cAC10,
specific for human CD30, the microtubule-disrupting agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), and a protease-cleavable linker
that covalently attaches MMAE to cAC10 (1, 2). Before the approval of Adcetris, the only other ADC approved by FDA was Mylotarg
(gemtuzumab ozogamicin), approved more than 10 years ago in 2000. The drug, an anti-CD33 mAb conjugated to the cytotoxin calicheamicin,
was developed by Wyeth (now part of Pfizer) and was granted accelerated approval in 2000 but was voluntarily withdrawn by
Pfizer in 2010 because a required Phase III trial failed to demonstrate a survival advantage for Mylotarg plus chemotherapy
compared with chemotherapy alone (1).
Other ADCs are advancing. Roche's Trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) is an ADC in Phase III development. The drug combines trastuzumab,
(Herceptin), which targets human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) receptors in breast and stomach cancer, with a
maytansine derivative DM1, a small-molecule cytotoxin that binds to tubulin to prevent microtubule formation, through a nonreducible
bis-maleimido-trixyethylene glycol linker (1, 2). Trastuzumab was developed by Genentech (now part of Roche) and was approved
by FDA in 1998 for use in women with metastatic breast cancer who have tumors that overexpress the HER2 protein. The maytansine
derivative DM1 and linking technology were developed by ImmunoGen (1). Genentech submitted a biologics license application
for trastuzumab emtansine to FDA for use in people with HER2-positive, unresectable locally advanced or metastatic breast
cancer, and Roche submitted a marketing authorization application to EMA for the same indication. Roche presented data showing
encouraging efficacy, safety and quality of life results for T–DM1 at the American Society of Clinical Oncology annual conference
in June 2012. Roche has a total of nine ADCs in its development pipeline. It includes RG7593, a humanized IgG1 anti-CD22 monoclonal
antibody (anti-CD22) conjugated to an antimitotic agent in Phase I development.
Pfizer also is advancing ADCs. Its lead ADC product is inotuzumab ozogamicin, consisting of a mAb targeting CD22, a cell-surface
antigen expressed on approximately 90% of B-cell malignancies, linked to a cytotoxic agent. As of March 2011, Pfizer had 10
ADC programs in preclinical development (3).
In October 2012, the biotechnology company Seattle Genetics expanded its ADC collaboration with Abbott. Under the expanded
deal, Abbott will pay an upfront fee of $25 million for rights to use Seattle Genetics' auristatin-based ADC technology with
antibodies to additional oncology targets. Seattle Genetics's proprietary technology uses synthetic cytotoxic agents, such
as monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) and monomethyl auristatin F (MMAF), and stable linker systems that attach these cytotoxic
agents to the antibody. In addition in its deal with Abbott, Seattle Genetics may receive up to $220 million in potential
milestone payments per additional target upon achieving predetermined development and commercial objectives as well as mid-to-high
single-digit royalties on worldwide net sales of any resulting products under the multitarget collaboration. Seattle also
is partnered with Genentech for ADC development and with Takeda for Adcetris.


European shares have risen further, following gains in Asia, as markets continue to react to Thursday’s news of emergency measures by central banks.Frankfurt’s Dax was up 1%, London’s FTSE 100 rose 0.5% and the Cac 40 in Paris added 0.2% in early trading.Earlier, Japan’s Nikkei 225 index had risen 2.3% and South Korea’s Kospi index gained 3.7%.
The central banks are trying to encourage lenders, especially in Europe, to keep lending to each other.The central banks are to provide commercial banks with three additional tranches of loans to help ease funding pressures.There have been fears that credit markets may freeze up, with banks facing billions of dollars of losses as a number of European countries struggle to service their debt obligations.
Europe’s finance ministers are scheduled to meet in Poland on Friday in an attempt to chart out a plan to deal with the debt crisis in the region. They will also be joined by US Treasury Secretary Timothy Geithner.Greece is the current focus of investor concern, and there are growing fears that the country may default on its bonds.This has made European banks reluctant to lend to each other, creating the risk of short-term funding problems for those most exposed.Peter Cardillo of Rockwell Global Capital said the move by central banks hoped to “convince the market that the euro is here to stay, euro land is not going to disintegrate and Greece is probably going to avoid a default”.Following the news of the central bank co-operation, the euro rose more than 1% against the US dollar, and the price of crude oil gained on optimism global economic growth would help boost demand.
At the same time, the price of gold dropped as investors shifted away from an asset that is seen as giving them protection against global risks. The price of gold has surged in recent months, and many investors are wary about the outlook for further gains.The five central banks involved in the market co-operation are the US Federal Reserve, the Bank of England, the European Central Bank, the Bank of Japan and the Swiss National Bank.The new loans are being issued in dollars, because European banks can already access additional euro funds from the European Central Bank.
The three additional three-month loan offers will be conducted in October, November and December.There have been concerns that a credit crunch in the markets would hurt companies and consumers.”Increasingly I think international banks outside of Europe are questioning the counter-party risks involved with lending to European banks,” Rajiv Biswas of IHS Global Insight told the BBC’s Asia Business Report.
Mr Biswas added that given the current situation, the move by the central banks could not have come soon enough.”I think this step was very important in avoiding the kind of problems we saw in 2008, when we had that terrible crunch in credit markets, which really was a major negative factor for the global economic outlook,” he added.US Treasury Secretary Geithner will join his European counterparts on Friday for talks amid fears that the sovereign debt crisis coupled with economic problems in the US may slow global growth.Analysts said that while the latest move by the central banks had allayed those fears for now, until a long-term solution to those issues was found markets were likely to remain volatile.
“Obviously it’s not a long-term solution, we need to see some resolution to the sovereign debt issue to give markets confidence [that] we’ll have stronger growth over the medium-term,” said Spiros Papadopoulos of National Australia Bank.Tony Nunan of Mitsubishi Corp added that the co-ordinated action by the central banks had only managed to delay the inevitable.”We are still nowhere near out of the woods. They are just barely keeping the economy from falling off a cliff, but there is no structural solution to the European sovereign debt problem.” – BBC


Sri Lanka legend Kumar Sangakkara, in a recent Star Sports Select Dugout video explains how Rishabh Pant operates behind the stumps, his movements, where he's going wrong and how he can improve.
Sangakkara said Pant is crowding the stumps, which is not bad per say but when his upper body straightens, his arms immediately start going forward. That means he will be collecting the ball in the front. Sangakkara calls it a marginal but an elementary mistake and Pant needs to work on a better body position.
Sangakkara said, "A comfortable body position is key to batting, to wicket keeping and fielding as well; each to their own, but the basics remain the same."
"The whole point of watching the ball in batting, fielding or keeping; steady eyes, eyes level, never love your head to pop up in the up and down and keeping up you get if you're getting up from the bottom, up your body position, your eyes everything stays the same. Easy movement from here onwards,” he added.
Find latest and upcoming tech gadgets online on Tech2 Gadgets. Get technology news, gadgets reviews & ratings. Popular gadgets including laptop, tablet and mobile specifications, features, prices, comparison.
Clarke feels that despite featuring in only one Test, the talismanic Indian skipper could still play a huge role in the outcome of the red-ball series by dominating in the limited overs game.
The decision is a major setback for the Pakistan team which will begin a three-match Twenty20 series against New Zealand on 18 December and a two-match Test series on 26 December.
Ganguly was kept busy by the conduct of the Indian Premier League (IPL) in the UAE from mid-September to early November.


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Doondi Ganesh Seva Samithi which has installed a 63 feet Ganesh Idol last year, is installing a 72-ft eco-friendly ‘Siddhi Buddi Sametha Kailasa Ganapathi’ idol at Ghantasala Music College grounds this year for Vinayaka Chavati, during the nine-day ‘Vinayaka Chavithi’ celebrations. This year Vinayaka Chavati Celbrations are going to be held from September 5.
The Doondi Ganesh Seva Samithi is installing the tallest eco-friendly Ganesh idol in the city for the second consecutive time. Last year, they have installed 63-feet ‘Tandava Ganesh’ idol.
Coimbatore-based T Rajendran Artisans’ Group, which prepared the ‘Tandava Ganesh’ idol, was entrusted the task of preparing ‘Siddhi Buddhi Sametha Kailasa Ganapathi’ idol this year. The cost of this would be around Rs.75 lakhs. 500 Kgs Big Laddu is going to be placed on the left hand of the idol. Bhaktananeya sweets, is going to prepare the laddo for free, which is going to cost Rs.15 Lakhs.
This idol is eco-friendly and can be self-immersed at the venue itself, without disturbing the environment.

domain: news


In our quest to find the most suitable models, we focused on features like comfort, adjustability, and durability. We recommend you take a close look at each product we listed here and see the features you need for your personal use.
Keep reading to learn more…
Top 10 wireless speaker adapters : Editor’s Pick
10 Best wireless speaker adapters Reviews:
1. Bluetooth Audio Adapter for Music Streaming Sound System, Esinkin Wireless Audio Adapter Works with Smartphones and Tablets, Wireless Adapter for Speakers
- Listen music wireless: Stream your audio entertainment from your smart phone or tablet. Listen music through your perfect sound system from your smart phone or tablet with perfect sound quality
- Easy to setup: Simply pair your smart phone or tablet to the audio adapter with a single button
- Wireless range: Do not have to dock your mobile device with reliable audio connection and it can receive music from up to 10-12 meters( 30-40 feet) away
- Works with most speakers, Superior acoustics: Plug the adapter into any A/V receivers and any powered speakers with standard RCA or 3.5 mm jacks. Don’t compromise on sound delivers high quality acoustics
- NOTE: The speakers are demonstrations in the image which are not included in the package. This item is a bluetooth receiver for speakers.
Additional Info :
2. ISAIBELL Bluetooth Receiver/Hands-Free Car Kit, Portable 3.5mm Bluetooth Aux Adapter Wireless Music Streaming for Home, Car Audio System, Headphone, Speaker(Bluetooth 4.2,A2DP,40feet Bluetooth Range)
- Bluetooth receiver allows you to wirelessly stream audio from your Bluetooth enabled devices to your existing wired home stereo systems, speakers, or headphones. Ideal for car or home speakers, you can also enjoy high-fidelity stereo audio through headphones.
- Built-in microphone makes talking to family and friends a breeze. Perfect for hands-free calling when driving. Simply connect your ear buds once the Bluetooth receiver car kit is synced to a device be blown away as they turn into hands-free Bluetooth headphones.Output clear, crisp audio up to 44ft from your device.
- This portable Bluetooth 4.2 receiver car kits can be charged while working. And it gives you simple control listening experience just simply turn up/ down the volume, play and pause music, or answer phone calls without using the smartphones.
- BH Classics FM1 could connect your last paired Bluetooth device automatically while pairing mode. Also equipped with the latest Bluetooth technology for a strong, stable connection up to 40 feet in open space without obstacles.
- BH Classics mini Bluetooth audio receiver is space-saving designed for convenient use with a variety of devices. Equipped with Bluetooth 4.2 technology, this Bluetooth audio adapter is compatible with most smartphones, ideal for home or vehicle audio systems.
3. for Harman Kardon Charger Onyx Studio 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Wireless Bluetooth Speaker Replacement Harmon Kardon Charger 19V AC Power Cord Supply【10 FT】
- Replacement Harman Kardon Charger: Onyx Studio 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Wireless Portable Speaker System, P/N: APIONYXST3; NSA40ED-190200; ESX2567Q; 6132A-ONYXST; AU38AA-00; AU38AA-OO; FC0005-0767095; FC0031; FC0027; TR00236_B; OW-XRDP-0NQU; APIONYXST2 APIONYXST3 Harmon Kardon replacement Power Supply Cord Battery Charger.
- Power Specification: Input: 100-240v 50-60hz Output:19V 40W US Type Plug with 10 feet power cord and The Power Cord Bending Resistance is not Easy to Damage
- Small & convenient :This harman kardon onyx studio charger is small enough for travel.You can take it to anywhere
- Safety protection: Surperadaptor Products are UL CE FCC RoHS Certified for Safetytested by the manufacturer to match and or exceed the OEM specifications. Provides Over Voltage Protection, Over Current Protection, Short-circuit Protection.
- What you get:1*10FT 19V Harman Kardon Speaker Charger ; Surperadapter provides 30 Days Money Back Guarantee and 12-month Worry Free Warranty .24-hour quick customer service.
Additional Info :
4. Golvery Bluetooth 5.0 Receiver for Speaker, Wireless Audio Adapter for Home Audio Car Stereo with 3.5mm RCA Jack, 16 Hours Playtime, Dual Connection to 2 Cell Phones, Easy Control On/Off Slider
- ★ Featured Bluetooth V5.0+EDR : Advanced CSR 5.0 chipset combining A2DP comes with stable connectivity and remarkable signal stability. Non-stop and clear HiFi music streaming creates enjoyable listening experience.Ideal to be used for your wired Headphones/Speakers, home sound system, stereo and portable non-bluetooth device via the 3.5 mm aux or RCA audio connector.
- ★ Double Link and Extra-long Battery Life: Paired two Bluetooth devices at once, with a range up to 33 feet in open space. Built-in battery provides up to 16 hours to play and talk, 400 hours to standby, only need 2 hours to get it fully charged.
- ★ Easy to use: Plug the Bluetooth Receiver into your stereo speaker or audio system and then slide switch to pair it with any your iPhone, iPod, iPad, Tablets, Other Smartphones or PC in seconds.Auto reconnected.
- ★ Pure Sound: Get high quality audio sound with A2DP, allows you to enjoy HiFi stereo music without wire restriction.
- ★ There are 30-days money back service, 24-month quality warranty and life-time technical support. Please do not hesitate to contact if there is any question or problem. We will get back to you within 24 hours.
Additional Info :
5. PKPOWER AC DC Adapter Charger for G-Project G-Boom G-650 G650 Wireless Bluetooth Boombox Speaker Power Supply Cord
- Input Volt Range: 100-240V (Worldwide Compliant) Output: 12V 2A / Total Cord Length 6 Ft
- 100% Brand New, High Quality Power Charger/Adapter ( Non-OEM ) Same Day Shipping from USA! COMPATIBILITY: Please see full list of compatible models in the Product Description
- MONEY BACK GUARANTEE – We are USA based Company that Wants your Repeat Business so, if You Do Not Like our Product or Don’t Want It For Any Reason, We Will Happily Accept The Return and Give You Your Money Back. No Questions Asked. 30 Days Money Back Guarantee – 24 Months – Exchange
- Connector:as picture–Please confirm the specifications and plug size before purchasing!If you can’t make sure,pls feel free to contact us
- PK-Power products are CE / FCC / RoHS certified, tested by the manufacturer to match and / or exceed the OEM specifications OVP, OCP, SCP Protection (OVP: Over Voltage output Protection. OCP: Over Current output Protection. SCP: Short Circuit output Protection) PK-Power AC adapters manufactured with the highest quality materials and include safeguard features against incorrect voltage, short circuit, internal overheating. 100% compatibility with the original.
6. for JBL Xtreme 2 Charger Compatible with JBL Boomboox, Xtreme, Extreme Portable Wireless Bluetooth Waterproof Speaker 19V JBL Speaker Power Cord 8.8FT
- Replacement JBL Xtreme 2 Charger : JBL Speaker, Xtreme 2, Xtreme Special Edition Portable Wireless Speaker, JBL Xtreme Portable Wireless Speaker (Black / Blue / Red), JBL XTREMEBLKUS, JBL XTREMEBLUUS, JBL XTREMEREDUS, JBL XTREME2BLKAM, JBL XTREME2BLUAM, JBL XTREME2GRNAM
- Replacement P/N: 19V JBL Boombox Charger; BY HARMAN P/N: NSA60ED-190300, KCC-REM-JQH-NSA60ED-190300, NSA60ED190300
- Product Specifications: Input: worldwide 100-240V 50/60HZ Output：19V 3A-4A (Compatible with 19V 2A, 19V 2.1A 40W, 19V 2.37A 45W) .The jbl extreme charger cord has a total length of 8.8 feet, enough for indoor use. Strain-eliminated tail cards for greater usability and resistance to flexing.
- SAFETY & RELIABILITY: this jbl xtreme 2 charger undergo multi tests to ensure safe and available. The jbl xtreme charger is composed of high-quality electronic components to ensures a continuous and stable current supply, improving efficiency and durability. And this jbl boombx is UL CE FCC RoHS certified and built in smart chip to provide over-voltage, over-load, over-heat, over-current and short circuit protection.
- WHAT YOU GET: 1*JBL Speaker Charger . We provide 30 days disclaimer refund, 12 months worry-free exchange. Please feel free to contact us if you have any suggestions or questions.
Additional Info :
7. Esinkin Wireless Audio Receiver for Music Streaming Sound System Works with Smart Phones and Tablets, Wireless Adapter for Speakers
- Listen music wireless:Stream your audio entertainment from your smart phone or table.Listen music through your perfect sound system from your smart phone or tablet with perfect sound quality.
- Easy to setup: Simply pair your smart phone or tablet to the audio adapter with a single button press.
- Works with most speakers: Plug the adapter into any A/V receivers and any powered speakers using standard RCA or 3.5mm jacks.
- Long wireless range: Stream and control your music with a reliable connection from up to 15 meters 50 feet, 1 Year warranty.
- Superior acoustics: Don’t compromise on sound delivers high-quality acoustics. This product is ONLY a receiver ,not a transmitter.
Additional Info :
8. Charger for JBL Extreme/JBL Extreme 2/ JBL Boombox Speaker/HK Harman Kardon Onyx Studio 7 6 5 4 3 2 1/ Aura Studio 1 2 Wireless Bluetooth Speaker Replacement AC Adapter Power Supply Cord
- Output:DC 65W 19V 3.42A / Input:AC 100-240V, 50-60Hz / 3 Prongs
- Compatible with Harman Kardon Onyx Studio I II III IV 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Wireless Portable Speaker System, P/N: APIONYXST3; NSA40ED-190200; ESX2567Q; 6132A-ONYXST; AU38AA-00; AU38AA-OO; FC0005-0767095; FC0031; FC0027; TR00236_B; OW-XRDP-0NQU; APIONYXST2 APIONYXST3/ Harman Kardon Aura Studio 1 2 replacement Power Supply Cord Battery Charger
- Compatible with JBL Xtreme Portable (Black,Blue,Red) Wireless Bluetooth Speakers / JBL Xtreme / JBL Xtreme 2 / JBL Xtreme 2 Special Edition / JBL Boombox / JBL Boost TV SoundBar JBLXTREMEBLKUS / JBLXTREMEBLUUS / JBLXTREMEREDUS / JBLXTREME2BLKAM / JBLXTREME2BLUAM / JBLXTREME2GRNAM / JBL by HARMAN Part Numbers: NSA60ED-190300 / KCC-REM-JQH-NSA60ED-190300 / NSA60ED190300
- 100% Brand NEW replacement / CE,FCC,RoHS Certified for Safety Built-in short circuit Protection, overcharge and discharge protection, over voltage protection ensures both safety and stability
- 30 Days Money Back or Free Exchange Guarantee,12 Months Warranty
Additional Info :
9. Bluetooth Aux Receiver for Car, Portable 3.5mm Aux Bluetooth Car Adapter, Bluetooth 5.0 Wireless Audio Receiver for Car Stereo/Home Stereo/Wired Headphones/Speaker, 16H Battery Life
- 【BLUETOOTH AUX RECEIVER FOR CAR】The Bluetooth 3.5mm Aux receiver can turn your old car audio/home audio/3. 5mm wired earphones/speakers into wireless. Compatible with most Bluetooth-enabled devices, such as smart phones, tablets, laptops, and computers.
- 【ENJOY HANDS-FREE CALL & WIRELESS MUSIC】This Bluetooth AUX receiver can pair with Bluetooth devices and the built-in microphone can be used to answer hands-free calls. One key to answer, reject, end and redial the last number. Designed with MFB and volume up/down button, it is very convenient to adjust the volume of music.
- 【BLUETOOTH 5.0 & DUAL CONNECTION】The Bluetooth receiver equipped with Bluetooth 5.0 to ensure stable connection. It can connect 2 devices at the same time, so you won’t miss any calls while listening to music. The bluetooth range up to 33ft without obstacles. Automatically connects to the last connected device.
- 【FAST CHARGING & LONG BATTERY LIFE】One key to power on and enter pairing mode. The built-in battery has a long battery life and can support up to 16 hours of use after full charged. Fast charging and can be fully charged within 2 hours.
- 【PORTABLE】Weights only 0.5 oz., very tiny size. You can take this Bluetooth audio receiver whenever you go. Very good companion for drivers. If you encounter any problems during use, please feel free to let us know and we will help you at any time.
Additional Info :
10. AC Adapter Charger for Harman Kardon Onyx Studio 4/3 / 2/1 Wireless Portable Speaker Onyx Studio Wireless Speaker System 6132A-ONYXST, AU38AA-00, AU38AA-OO, NSA40ED-190200, ESX2567Q, Power Supply
- Input:100-240V, 50-60Hz; Output: 19V; Cable Included.
- Compatibility:For Harman Kardon ONYX Studio 1 2 3 4 Wireless Portable Speaker System
- Nicer-S products are CE/FCC/RoHS certified, tested by manufacturer to match and/or exceed specifications of OEM products
- Compatible with:Harman Kardon Onyx Studio I II III 1 2 3 4 Portable Bluetooth Wireless Speaker System,Onyx Studio HKONYXSTUDIOG1 HKONYXSTUDIO3BLKAM ONYXSTUDIO3BLUEG1 ONYXSTUDIO3R TR00236_B ONYXSTUDIO2BLKUS HKONYXSTUDIOJN NSA40ED-190200 ESX2567Q AU38AA-00 AU38AA-OO 6132A-ONYXST,Harman Kardon OYNX FC0005-0767095 FC0031 FC0027,ONYXSTUDIO2BLKUS HKONYXSTUDIOJN NSA40ED-190200 ESX2567Q AU38AA-00 AU38AA-OO,HKONYXSTUDIO3BLKAM APIONYXST3 Harmon Kardon replacement Power Supply Cord Battery Charger
- Service: 30 Days Money Back Guarantee and one year warranty. Please contact us with any questions or concerns.We are here to help
Additional Info :
Buying Guide: What to Consider When Select wireless speaker adapters
How much should you expect to spend on a product like this? Is it a one-off cost, or is there some kind of recurring element?
When it comes to wireless speaker adapters, a great value can come in many different forms. It could be a lower price, impeccable construction, and design, or higher durability. We’ll cover all of these different factors below, where we’re sharing our top picks for the best wireless speaker adapters for the money. We’ll go over everything consumers should know to get a great value out of their wireless speaker adapters!
The phrase “people get what they pay for” is especially true when it comes to wireless speaker adapters. The range in durability from person to person can be pretty substantial depending on the materials used in the construction. If someone saves $100 on a wireless speaker adapters, but it wears out in 1 month, are they really getting a good value?
Compare that to a wireless speaker adapters that costs $50 more but wears out after 1 or 2 years. Most people would argue that the second option is the better deal over the long term. Before purchasing, you should consider how long you want to have the wireless speaker adapters and then read reviews to make sure you know how long you can expect it to last.
Consider Where You Purchase
A vast majority of people now buy their wireless speaker adapters online rather than going to a brick-and-mortar physical location. That’s largely because online shopping offers greater convenience, and many brick-and-mortar stores can be confusing when it comes to their models, pricing, and types.
While people can’t try out an online wireless speaker adapters the way they can in a store, brands often come with generous trials. These allow people to try out the wireless speaker adapters for a while and return it if they’re unhappy.
In addition, many online wireless speaker adapters are more affordable than their in-store counterparts, because they have less overhead and have cut out the middlemen to pass savings directly to the consumer. If you purchase online, make sure to check to see if they will have to pay extra for shipping or not. A lot of the new companies offer free shipping, but not all.
Types of wireless speaker adapters
Before even thinking about all the different wireless speaker adapters available, You should choose the product types that will be ideal for your task.
Choosing a product based on a design that people will love can be tough. Just because you might like the look and style of it, doesn’t mean it’s the best. Below are some steps you can follow that I’ve used in the past when making decisions on which product designs to choose. Today, a lot of e-commerce sites have the same products. Naturally, it means people use product photos and videos to find the best item. Some of the tips in this article will help you choose or design a successful product.
- Dimensions. How big are these products?
- Materials. What are they made from? Is there an advantage to choosing one material over another?
- Generic characteristics. What sort of features do products in this category include?
- Product-specific functionality. Do certain products have key characteristics that others don’t?
- “Vs.” comparisons. Wireless or wired? Portable or desktop? Metal or wood? These are the key A/B-style decisions typically made early in the buying process.
Finally, we hope that our reviews about these wireless speaker adapterss will help you to choose your ideal product available on the maker. The question remains, how many of these wireless speaker adapters will you use and how often? Some manufacturers come out with newer wireless speaker adapters every few months. This is because they know that people want the better wireless speaker adapters. It’s all a matter of choice and your budget. The good news is that the features of good wireless speaker adapters tend to trickle down in price. If you start off with a cheaper version, chances are you can afford the more advanced versions of it a few months later.


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Encompassing Your Financial Future
At Northeast Planning Associates, Inc., our goal is helping our clients work towards their goals. We are a financial services firm dedicated to providing meaningful financial strategies to address the concerns of individuals, families and business owners.
For more than 50 years, we at Northeast Planning Associates, Inc. have provided our clients with access to a full range of financial services and products.
Zack understands the complexities of business and personal financial planning. His top priority is to help enhance the lives and financial future of those with whom he works. Zack believes in long-term relationships built around trust and honest, open communication. He has advised individuals, as well as large corporations, and regularly holds seminars on financial topics of public interest.
Preparing for the eventual distribution of your assets may not sound enticing. But a will puts the power in your hands.
Is Term Life Insurance for You?
Term insurance is the simplest form of life insurance. Here's how it works.
The Other Sure Thing
Though we don’t like to think about it, all of us will make an exit sometime, and those we love may suffer if we are not prepared.
Understanding the types of long-term-care services—and what those services could cost—may be critical.
Understanding how capital gains are taxed may help you refine your investment strategies.
An increasing number have been developed to help individuals with their personal finances.
Is your estate in order? This short quiz may help you assess your overall strategy.
Here's one strategy that combines two different annuities to generate income and rebuild principal.
How long does a $20 bill last?
Assess how many days you'll work in 2012 to pay federal tax liability.
Use this calculator to estimates your income tax liability along with average and marginal tax rates.
This questionnaire will help determine your tolerance for investment risk.
This calculator compares employee contributions to a Roth 401(k) and a traditional 401(k).
Use this calculator to compare the future value of investments with different tax consequences.
Estimate how many years you may need retirement assets or how long to provide income to a surviving spouse or children.
A number of questions and concerns need to be addressed to help you better prepare for retirement living.
Principles that can help create a portfolio designed to pursue investment goals.
There are a number of ways to withdraw money from a qualified retirement plan.
A presentation about managing money: using it, saving it, and even getting credit.
The chances of needing long-term care, its cost, and strategies for covering that cost.
Learn more about taxes, tax-favored investing, and tax strategies.
Are you ready for retirement? Here are five words you should consider.
Investors seeking world investments can choose between global and international funds. What's the difference?
In good times and bad, consistently saving a percentage of your income is a sound financial practice.
The seas of the market are constantly shifting, and whether the good ship IPO can set sail may depend heavily on the tides.
When do you need a will? The answer is easy: right now.
Retirees look for ways to convert savings and investments into regular income. One option to consider is an annuity.

domain: finance


TULSA (AP) -- A former Tulsa police officer serving a 10-year prison sentence for his role in a corruption scandal says a videotaped FBI sting that showed him stealing money during what he thought was a motel drug bust violated his right to privacy under the U.S. Constitution.
Ex-Cpl. Harold Wells, a 35-year-police veteran, made the claim in a brief filed Thursday with the 10th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals.
Wells was among 11 officers to be charged or named as unindicted co-conspirators in the scandal, which was among the worst to ever hit the department.
A federal investigation has resulted in more than 40 defendants having convictions overturned or winning release from prison.
Federal prosecutor Jane Duke did not immediately return a message seeking comment Friday morning.
Copyright 2012 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.
Also in the headlines
Roughly 3,000 residents in southeast Oklahoma remain in the dark, due to last week's winter weather.
Pictures of the first winter storm of the season, Dec. 5 and 6.
KJRH 2 Works for You and Moody's Jewelry is giving away over $4,000 in jewelry from Dec. 9 through Dec. 20. Go to www.kjrh.com/contests to enter this 12 Days of Christmas giveaway.
A few of the Week 14 NFL games were played in snow storms.


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Yagnm. Automation Grade. Automatic. Phase. Single Phase. Machine Capacity. 100-150 kg/hr. Pin Pulverizer is specially designed to deal efficiently and economically with a wide range of materials and can be easily adjusted to give the fineness required from a
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With an innovative approach towards products improvisation we, Yagnam Pulverizer Pvt. Ltd. have established ourselves in the market as an eminent manufacturer, supplier and ex BUSINESS TYPE Exporter, Manufacturer, Supplier EMPLOYEE COUNT 50 ESTABLISHMENT 1989 ANNUAL TURNOVER Rs 9 Crores CERTIFICATION ISO 9001-2000
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Welcome to Yagnam Pulverizer Private LimitedManufacturer Exporter of Industrial Machines Equipment For Grinding Mixing Applications We are an ISO 90012008 Certified Company, established in the year 1997. As a Quality orientedcompany we undertake Regular research analysis.
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text:
I saw a clip of “Morning Joe” where the host, Joe Scarborough, is screaming about lying that politicians are doing regarding the proposed budget. Among other things, panelists after this say that President Trump has lied “440 times” during his time in office. The press has repeatedly pointed out that the administration lied, and used photographs or leaked documents to prove their facts. This results in Sean Spicer getting angrier and angrier with his answers.
To make this less partisan, let me remind my readers that Donald Trump was elected because people were angry and felt lied to. They became insane and stopped listening to anything they read about the economy or their lives. “Fake News” didn’t seem any crazier to them than the reality of their lives. According to the “real news” their lives were getting better. Their reality begged to differ.
(As time goes on, I am aware that there’s more to it. There are people who just hate and will hate others their whole lives. There’s not much we can do about them. People that started off believing in American democracy, however, used to be sane and can be again).
I have seen all of these things in my office. This kind of anger comes from feeling crazy, not being believed, being told what you’re supposed to see and feel, all the while you know what you’re seeing and feeling. Often times it is related to trauma and/or fear of trauma. It looks “crazy” and, in fact, may be altered consciousness. But, with time and trust, feelings of safety can return – and with it, sanity.
So let’s start with some basics:
We can all agree that:
The direction of the sky is “up”. The direction of the ground is “down”. (Seriously, we have to start with basics, and work our way up).
We breathe “air”. The sea is full of “water”. Neither the air nor the water is partisan. There is no Republican water. There is no Democratic water. There is just water. There is no Democratic air. There is no Republican air. There is just air. So far, so good? Good.
Now, water at the oceans is going up and has been for the past few years. Why? It doesn’t matter right now, because some people think it’s a partisan issue. What does matter is that the oceans are rising and we need to do something about it. Any ideas on how to do that are open to whoever wants to do it. Who wants to save America? Who wants to be heroic?
Moving on, people get hungry. All people get hungry. To stay alive, people need to put nutrition into their bodies. Usually, the nutrition is called “food” or comes from food. Some food is better for us than others. Every human without enough food and/or nutrition needs food and/or nutrition if they are to stay alive. This didn’t used to be a partisan issue, but apparently it’s close to being one for at least one legislator, so let’s stop there. We can all agree in this one, yes? Again, as stupid as this seems, this is how far into reality partisanship goes now.
Now, a little on experience: Everyone knows their own experience – not what some else says we think or feel or see. That is all they know. If you have seen something or experienced something, you know it. This includes knowing what you need in a given situation. You are the only one who knows what you need. Other people can say what they want, but you and only you know what you experience. Seeing a story or hearing someone else’s story does not count. You only know what you have seen with your own eyes or heard with your own ears, touched what you’ve touched, and so on.
There are not Republican experiences or Democrat experiences. Democrats don’t know you better than anyone else. Republicans don’t know you better than anyone else. This is reality. It is not FOX news’ reality. It is not MSNBC’s reality. It is your reality. Anything else could be “fake news” or could be “real news”. There is no way to tell without looking more.
Putting those things together, all human beings, if they’re going to stay alive need to eat. They alone know what their needs are. If someone says they are hungry, they should be believed, because they probably are. If someone says they need clothes, they probably do. If someone says they need shelter, they probably do. If someone says they hurt, they probably do.
If you and I can agree on this much, we’re getting somewhere incredible. The possibilities are endless.
All people get hungry if they don’t eat. All people get thirsty if they don’t drink liquids. All people die if they don’t have shelter or appropriate clothes for the world around them. This applies to White people, Black People, “Yellow” and “Red” people, and any variation of those colors. It applies to male humans and female humans.
In addition to basic human needs, people can experience almost anything. They can be poor, rich, or somewhere in between. They can die if they get injured or become ill. They can experience water, or move on land, be in earthquakes, overheat in the sun, live in a horrible house or a good one. They can be abused or treated well – by anyone. There are philosophers and people of all kind who will tell you otherwise. They are wrong. (See above).
Now, on to politics and democracy: If we can agree on all of the above, then we have the basics for a democracy – people have opinions and can know what those are. People have needs and can know what they are. The more people can share their opinions and experience, the better the representation.
See, it is possible to have a United States! If you believe the above, you are not crazy. If anyone tries to tell you something not here, they have to prove it. If someone wants to tell you that any of the above is untrue, there’s a problem and the problem is them.
Now, politicians: There are some things you should know that many of us believe:
1) You should tell us the truth.
2) You should listen to us.
3) “Fairness” means that the rules apply to everyone. If you have and use rules that don’t apply to us, we will think that’s unfair. We don’t care if it’s legal or a tradition, felony or misdemeanor, since we are all humans and we all have needs (and we agree on that!) It is unfair if you have certain benefits that are unavailable to us.
4) You have authority only because we, as a whole, voted for you. You work for us. If you don’t act fairly, you can lose that authority. In fact, you should lose that authority if your unfairness gets to be too much, if you don’t tell us the truth, or you stop listening to us. If you want to test to see how much is “too much”, know that anything might be “that much” to somebody.
There. You’ve been warned. We can all agree on many things, including what you should do. Good luck with work.
Resisting with Peace,

domain: sociology


text:
The female of the species by Mindy McGinnis is a book I’ve heard a lot of people talk about but never really knew what the plot was. I’m so glad I went into this book not knowing much because I so enjoyed discovering it as I read.
♦ Author: Mindy McGinnis ♦ Series: Standalone ♦ Published on: 20th September 2016 ♦ Genres: Young Adult, Contemporary ♦ Format: Paperback ♦Source: Purchased
Alex Craft knows how to kill someone. And she doesn’t feel bad about it. When her older sister, Anna, was murdered three years ago and the killer walked free, Alex uncaged the language she knows best. The language of violence.While her crime goes unpunished, Alex knows she can’t be trusted among other people, even in her small hometown. She relegates herself to the shadows, a girl who goes unseen in plain sight, unremarkable in the high school hallways.
But Jack Fisher sees her. He’s the guy all other guys want to be: the star athlete gunning for valedictorian with the prom queen on his arm. Guilt over the role he played the night Anna’s body was discovered hasn’t let him forget Alex over the years, and now her green eyes amid a constellation of freckles have his attention. He doesn’t want to only see Alex Craft; he wants to know her.
So does Peekay, the preacher’s kid, a girl whose identity is entangled with her dad’s job, though that does not stop her from knowing the taste of beer or missing the touch of her ex-boyfriend. When Peekay and Alex start working together at the animal shelter, a friendship forms and Alex’s protective nature extends to more than just the dogs and cats they care for.
Circumstances bring Alex, Jack, and Peekay together as their senior year unfolds. While partying one night, Alex’s darker nature breaks out, setting the teens on a collision course that will change their lives forever.
The female of the species was kind of a strange book for me. I went into it knowing nothing about the plot and I actually really enjoyed it. It was a contemporary but there was also an element of mystery to it which I loved. Throughout the book theres multiple points of view and while sometimes I struggle with that and feel like it can be confusing, that wasn’t the case here at all.
One thing I really liked was the way the characters were portrayed. They just felt real and I appreciated that the characters weren’t completely good, each one of them was flawed in their own way. I also loved the writing style in this. I feel like the author really thought about the way each individual in this book would speak, and you felt their personality come across when reading.
I can’t really put into words exactly what it was I enjoyed about this book but I just liked it! I flew through it and didn’t want to put it down. I think that had something to do with the short chapters, which always make me read a book faster for some reason. The only issue I had with this book is that it felt slightly rushed. I would have liked it to have been longer and a little more filled out, situations seemed to happen very quickly and abruptly. Overall, I really enjoyed it and I’d recommend it. It was a interesting, quick read and the writing was beautiful (particularly Alex’s chapters).

domain: library


The Starship: The Air Force 1 of Rock
by Sheldon Rocha Leal
I’m a very big fan of rock biographies and over the years I have read books about Madonna, Michael Jackson, Whitney Houston, The Beatles, John Lennon, Janet Jackson, The Red Hot Chille Peppers, Keith Richards, Elton John and Prince amongst others. There are many interesting protagonists in the history of Rock music and over the years I have gotten to know many of these being-the-scenes figures in the above artist’s stories. The music industry is small and, therefore, many of these figures feature in the stories of various rock stars, but one of the most interesting figures I’ve encountered in the last few years is this airplane, known as “The Starship”. I have, therefore, decided to make the airplane the subject of this article.
The Starship of Rock was a Boeing 720B produced by Boeing Commercial Airplanes. The model line was announced in 1957 and went into production in 1959. It was introduced as an alternative to the 707, for shorter flights from shorter runaways. Because of its lower development costs it allowed for greater profitability. A total of 154 720Bs were produced in its production run between 1959 and 1967. The airplane was about 41m long, nearly 40m from one wing to the next and could take 131 passengers in two classes or 156 people in one class. The model range was finally retired in 2010. The Starship started its life as a United Airlines passenger jet. It was actually the first Boeing 720 built and was delivered to United Airlines in 1960. It was later bought by Contemporary Entertainment, a company owned by recording artist Bobby Sherman and manager Ward Sylvester, in 1973 for $750,000, with the intention of leasing it to touring acts.
Bobby Sherman was a teen idol in the 1960s and early 70s and became famous as a singer, songwriter and actor. He started his career as a regular on the musical variety show “Shindig!” in 1964. He was later signed to Decca records and secured a role on the tv series “Here Come The Brides” between 1968–1970. Between 1962–1976 he released 107 songs and 10 albums, of which 5 singles went gold, one went platinum and 5 of his albums attained gold status in the USA. His biggest single, “Little Woman”, was released in 1969 and peaked at No3 in the USA, shipping over 1million units in the country. In the 1970s he left the public spotlight and became an Emergency Medical Technician and volunteered with the Los Angeles Police Department. In the 1990s he became a police reserve officer with the Los Angeles Police Department, a position he held until 2017.
Prior to all of this, however, Bobby Sherman and his manager started a company called Contemporary Entertainment and bought The Starship. They invested $200,000 to convert the aircraft from a commercial passenger jet to something that would suit their clientele, i.e. famous Rock Stars and bands. They reduced the seating capacity from 156 to 40 seats and installed a bar, seats and tables, revolving arm chairs, a 9 meter long couch, a television and well stocked video library. Additionally the aircraft included two bedrooms, one en-suite, and an embedded organ in the bar. The rationale of the aircraft was that the band utilizing its services could use it as a mobile hotel whilst touring the USA, therefore, saving on accommodation costs and facilitating their movements throughout the country. At a cost of $2,500 a day, any band or artist wanting to charter the aircraft was given full access to its amenities.
The first act to procure the services of The Starship was Led Zeppelin for their 1973-1975 tours. They had come to hear about the aircraft after an unfortunate incident on their 1972 North American tour, which consisted of 21 shows on the continent. At the time they had leased a Falcon Jet to get them from one show to the next. The problem with the jet was that it was quite small, only a 20-seater, light and susceptible to turbulence. After performing at Kezar Stadium in San Francisco in 1973 the band experienced terrifying turbulence en route to Los Angeles. The band’s manager, Peter Grant, therefore, decided to lay out $30,000 to lease The Starship for the remainder of the 1972/3 tour. The band continued to use the airplane through to 1975.
The fuselage of the aircraft was rebranded with the Led Zeppelin logo, which gave the band much needed “street cred” at a time when many critics were predicting their demise. After each show Led Zeppelin were transported by limousine to the airport and were flown to their new destination on The Starship. For the 1975 tour The Starship was rebranded with new Led Zeppelin artwork. The Starship became so closely associated with the band that it was featured at the end of the live recording of “Stairway To Heaven” on disc 2 of their 2003 release “Led Zeppelin DVD”. There’s even an iconic photograph of the band in front of the aircraft taken by legendary photographer Bob Gruen, taken in 1973. The photograph has become an icon of Rock history and is said to have influenced many aspirant rockers such as Dave Bryan of Bon Jovi who stated that after seeing it he strove to attain the level of success depicted.
Many other rock acts followed in Led Zeppelin’s footsteps and leased the aircraft for their tours, each time the fuselage was rebranded to represent the act on-board. Led Zeppelin’s road manager, Richard Cole, called the airplane “A fucking gin palace”, whilst Alice Cooper’s road manager, David Libert, called it the Air Force One of Rock ‘n Roll” and Peter Frampton called it a “party plane”. Many debaucherous activities took place on the airplane, everything from drugs, sex to Rock ‘n Roll. When The Allman Brothers Band took possession of the aircraft for their 1974 tour, they were greeted with the message “Welcome Allman Brothers” rendered in lines of cocaine on the club room bar. Peter Frampton’s crew used to smuggle drugs on to The Starship in dirty stage-clothes bags in order to confuse potential sniffer dog’s scent. Alice Cooper’s tour manager use to announce the “ball score” every evening, a score indicating the crew’s sexual deviances from the previous night. Alice Cooper made it very clear, to David Libert, that he didn’t want to be part of the game, but to no avail, his score was subsequently subtlety revealed in one of the many announcements made.
Over the years the inhabitants of the aircraft included:
- Elton John (1973)
- Alice Cooper (1973)
- Deep Purple (1974)
- Bob Dylan (1974)
- The Allman Brothers Band (1974)
- The Rolling Stones (1975)
It is also reported that Frank Sinatra, The Bee Gees, John Lennon, Olivia Newton John and Sonny & Cher utilized the airplane. Peter Frampton once said, in an interview, that using the airplane was an indication of how well an artist was doing in the music business. The managers of many of the above artists, therefore, leased the plane with that precise intention: heightening the profile and status of their artist(s), through the usage of the aircraft. The music industry is all about perception, sentiment and hype and The Starship offered all of the above. It is said that when a journalist was invited onboard to interview an artist the story basically wrote itself. For some the hefty daily fee to rent the plane was worth every cent. Peter Frampton was the final act to use The Starship in 1976 whilst on his “Frampton Comes Alive! Tour”, which when converted into an album become one of the biggest selling live albums of all time. This album was actually considered Peter Frampton’a breakthrough album. After releasing 4 studio albums, which attained little traction, the latter album peaked at No1 USA, Canada and No6 UK and went on to ship 11million units worldwide.
But all good things must come to an end and as early as 1974 during Alice Cooper’s tenure on the aircraft the engines had already started giving problems. In 1977 when Led Zeppelin commandeered the aircraft for a third time, it was finally grounded permanently, forcing the band to find alternate transportation, in the form of Caesar’s Chariot. The Chariot was a 45-seater Boeing 707 owned by the iconic Las Vegas hotel Caesar’s Palace. The high costs of running the aircraft, along with malfunctioning electronics and a global oil embargo meant that after four years as the infamous Air Force One of Rock the aircraft was sold. Between 1977–1979 it changed hands various times and was eventually placed in storage at Luton Airport in the UK. In 1982 it was sold to a Middle Eastern buyer, who proceeded to dismantle the aircraft for parts. What a pity! It would have made an awesome rock museum, through which many generations of music lovers could have learnt about the history of Rock music and touring, an essential component of the music business.
Although The Starship no longer exists at least we still have the memories of this iconic protagonist in Rock music history and in years to come it will cement itself in the lore of Rock music history. The Starship is the embodiment of the excesses that encapsulate the era in which it rose to prominence and I guess as the era came to and end, so to did its journey. It did, however, usher in an era that trumped its excesses in the form of the Glam Metal bands of the 1980s, acts such as Van Halen, Def Leppard, Bon Jovi, Mötley Crüe, Poison, Cinderella and Twisted Sister. I find the story of the airplane exceptionally fascinating and I hope to follow it with the story of “Caesar’s Chariot” (mentioned earlier) some time in the future. It’s fascinating that when one does research for an article, other stories are unearthed, as in the latter case, but for now this was the story of the iconic Starship and its machinations, the ultimate Rock protagonist.


Texas Attorney General Ken Paxton released an opinion Tuesday confirming there is no specific law prohibiting state legislators from being employed as tax-funded, local government lobbyists while simultaneously serving in public office.
Paxton’s opinion was released in response to a request from State Rep. Sarah Davis (R-Houston) who was told by a state agency during a hearing that no law prohibits “an elected official from representing a client who is not a person before an executive branch agency.”
Davis chaired the House General Investigating and Ethics Committee last legislative session when fellow Houston legislator, Jim Murphy, came under fire for receiving $312,000 in compensation from the Westchase District, a municipal management district (MMD) in West Houston.
Despite having the title of “general manager,” Murphy claimed to be a contractor, not an employee of the district. Under a 2005 opinion from then-Attorney General Greg Abbott, a contractor for an MMD is not prohibited from serving in the legislature. Murphy reportedly has a fixed contract for five years.
Paxton acknowledges state law does prohibit a legislator from:
“[A]ccept[ing] other employment or compensation that could reasonably be expected to impair the officer’s or employee’s independence of judgment in the performance of the officer’s or employee’s official duties.”
That statute, however, is applied on a case-by-case basis and does not generally prohibit an elected official from serving as a lobbyist while in office.
At the time of the hearing, Davis said if the act were not prohibited, she would file legislation to ensure that it was. However, as of the first day of the 2019 legislative session, no bill has been filed to address the issue.
While the state legislature is expected to consider bans on tax-funded lobbying by local governments this legislative session, they would be wise to prohibit lobbying by elected officials as well.