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Background:Bromelain (BL) is an enzyme extracted from Ananas comosus, which has been known for its therapeutic properties.
Objectives:The anticarcinogenic activity of BL was examined with and without the presence of magnetic carbon nanotubes (MCNTs) against HT-29 colorectal cancer cells.
Methods:The operational factors affecting BL adsorption, such as contact time (30, 60, 90, 120, and 180 min), adsorbent dosage (1 g/L and 5 g/L), initial bromelain concentration (50, 150, and 300 mg/L), and temperature (35 and 50°C) were studied in details. Then, cancer cells were exposed to various BL concentrations (0.1, 1, 10, and 100 μg/mL), and the cell viability was determined by methylthiazol tetrazolium (MTT) assay after 24, 48, and 72 h.
Results:The highest adsorption of BL on nanotubes was at 41.62 mg/L and achieved at 35°C and 90 min at the initial concentration of 50 mg/L and 1 g/L of MCNTs. The adsorption followed the Freundlich model and second-order kinetics. The results indicated that MCNTs could be a potential effective adsorbent for the removal of BL.
Conclusions:MTT assay indicated that BL at a concentration of 100 μg/mL alone and in combination with MCNTs efficiently inhibited the HT-29 cancerous cells. However, encapsulated BL had a considerable advantage of slow delivery, which is favorable for cancer treatment.
Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer worldwide and the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death (1). Bromelain (BL) is a 26 kDa proteolytic enzyme and the main component of the pineapple (2). BL may have various health benefits, such as anticancer, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, and fibrinolytic activity. It is also used for skin debridement, platelet aggregation, enhancing adsorption of other drugs, and as a digestive aid (3). It was reported that BL is absorbed into the human intestine without degradation and without losing biological activity (4). The non-toxic nature of BL has made it a proper candidate for cancer treatment (5).
The anticarcinogenic activity of BL has been validated in in vivo and in vitro experiments (5). Some studies have indicated the anticancer activity of BL against breast cancer (6). It has been reported that BL can exert its effects by increasing the expression of p53 and Bax in 2-stage tumorigenesis of mouse skin. Gani et al. suggested that the pineapple juice might have anticarcinogenic effects on ovarian and colon cancer through apoptosis (2).
Nowadays, one of the common strategies in clinical cancer treatment is chemotherapy. However, these drugs have high toxicity and nonspecific distribution in the body (non-targeted directly to cancerous tissues), leading to various side effects and a lower level of patient compliance with treatment (7, 8).
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are long, cylindrical structures that are made from graphite sheets. Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) have a monolayer of carbon atoms in their structures and a diameter of about 1nm, half the diameter of a DNA helix. Due to their small size, these particles can easily cross biological membranes to reach the cell. CNTs are among the compounds that have recently received much more attention in drug delivery. CNTs can be used as carriers for carrying biological molecules, such as protein, DNA, and drugs. Medicinal compounds are loaded onto or inside these structures. The surface of these particles is functionalized with various groups and compounds to increase the solubility and biocompatibility, as well as the conductivity of different materials. Targeting and transferring two or more compounds simultaneously are other features of interest in drug delivery (9, 10).
In this research, magnetic CNTs were used as a new method because the small size of the CNTs makes the removal process from the solution challenging. It has been recommended to use MCNTs because techniques, such as centrifuge and filtration require a great deal of time and energy. Also, MCNTs have higher stability in acidic and basic solutions as well as organic solvents (11, 12).
In this study, we not only tried a nontoxic drug (BL) as an anticancerous drug but also enhanced BL efficacy via nanotechnology. In this respect, MCNTs were applied as a BL absorbent. These magnetic properties increase the targeted delivery of an anticancer drug to tumor cells by improving target cell recognition. This research was done to compare the efficacy of BL to inhibit the progression of human colorectal HT-29 cancer cells in the form of pure BL or encapsulating BL in MCNTs.
BL enzyme (Anaheal 500 containing 200 mg of BL) was purchased from Salamat Parmoon Amin Company, Iran. MCNTs, (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) (MTT), trypsin-EDTA, methanol, fetal bovine serum (FBS), 6305UV-VIS spectrophotometer from Jenway (UK), Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM), penicillin, streptomycin, hydrochloric acid, and sodium hydroxide were acquired from Sigma-Aldrich (USA). The HT-29 cell line (colorectal adenocarcinoma) was bought from Pasteur Institute (Iran) and cultured in DMEM medium (containing 10% FBS) and 100 U mL-1 penicillin and 100 μg mL-1 streptomycin at 5% CO2 pressure at 37°C in a flask (25 cm3). The cells were then cultured in 24-well culture plates (1.5 × 105 cells per milliliter). Cell counts were performed using a hemocytometer slide.
3.2. Adsorption of BL on MCNTs
In this step, 1 g of Anaheal 500 was added to 1L of methanol to prepare the stock solution, and it was sonicated for 1 hour. In order to draw a calibration curve for spectrophotometry, diluted solution and standard solutions at concentrations of 5 to 50 mg L-1 were prepared. The standard absorbance values for each sample were obtained using spectrophotometry. All adsorption experiments were carried out indoors, inside 25 mL Erlenmeyer flasks containing 10 mL of BL solution and adsorbent (MCNTs) in various concentrations, temperatures, and exposure times.
After stabilization of the conditions, samples were placed in a mixer at 240 rpm for proper mixing of adsorbent and adsorbed material. After a specified time, the adsorbent was separated from the solution using a magnet and nanometer filter, and residual concentrations of the solution were measured via the spectrophotometer calibration chart at the maximum absorbance wavelength of the BL (280 nm).
The pH of the solutions was adjusted using 0.1 M hydrochloric acid and 0.1 M sodium hydroxide to about 7.2 - 7.4 (7). Each test was repeated three times, and their averages were presented as the final results.
The amount of BL adsorbed on the adsorbent, and its removal efficiency were obtained using Equations 1 and 2.
In Equation 1, qe is the BL (mg) absorbed on the absorbent (g), Ce and C0 (mg L-1) are the equilibrium and initial concentrations of BL, respectively, M and V are the mass of adsorbent (g), and the volume of solution (L), respectively.
3.3. Contact Time Effect
The contact time was studied during 180 min using optimum pH (7.2 - 7.4), 50 mg L-1 BL, and 1 g L-1 adsorbent (MCNTs) at room temperature, and then equilibrium time was determined.
In order to prepare the sample solutions, 1 mg of BL and 10 mg of MCNTs were poured into 10 mL of methanol and sonicated in an ultrasonic bath for 1 hour. Then, the pH of the samples was adjusted to 7.2 - 7.4. The absorbance of BL on MCNTs was measured after 30, 60, 90, 120, and 180 min. The percentage of BL absorbed at different contact times and the optimum contact time (the maximum adsorption of the drug by the MCNTs) was obtained by drawing the diagram. It should be noted that the kinetic equations of adsorption were obtained from the results of these experiments.
3.4. Different Concentrations of BL and MCNTs
The effect of different concentrations of MCNTs (1 and 5 g L-1) and BL solution (50, 150, and 300 mg L-1) was studied at the optimum pH and contact time and at 35°C. Thus, three samples were prepared with 1 g L-1 MCNTs and 50, 150, and 300 mg L-1 of BL and three samples with 5 g L-1 MCNTs and 50, 150, and 300 mg L-1 of BL, respectively. Subsequently, the equilibrium isotherms of the adsorption were investigated, as previously explained.
3.5. Temperature Effect
The adsorption process was carried out at two temperatures (35 and 50°C) to determine the optimum temperature as well as the thermodynamic study. At each temperature, three doses of BL (50, 150, and 300 mg L-1) aqueous solution under optimum conditions of pH, contact time, and adsorbent concentration of 1 g L-1 were used. Shaker-incubator was used to adjust the temperature and mixing speed. The BL-free adsorbent with a similar concentration was used as a control. Then, the effect of temperature on the adsorption of BL on MCNTs was determined, as explained previously.
3.6. Adsorption Equilibriums
When the solid surface is in front of the adsorbent, the adsorbed molecules hit the solid surface where some molecules are attached or adsorbed to the solid surface, and the rest of the molecules return. The adsorption rate is initially high due to the vacancy of the adsorbent surface, but gradually, the adsorption rate decreases as the adsorbent surface is coated. At this time, the rate of desorption (the rate of separation of the adsorbed molecules from the adsorbent surface) increases. At the equilibrium moment, the rate of absorption equals the rate of desorption, resulting in no change in the concentration of adsorbed material on the adsorbent surface, which is a dynamic balance. In other words, the number of molecules that adhere to the surface is equal to the number of molecules that are separated from the surface.
3.7. Adsorption Isotherms
The equilibrium amounts of the adsorbed material usually increase with increasing its concentration in the solution. The relationship between the amounts of matter adsorbed per unit mass of adsorbent (qe) in terms of equilibrium concentration absorbed in the solution (Ce) at a specific temperature is called adsorption isotherms. The most famous models used to analyze equilibrium adsorption data are Langmuir isotherm and Freundlich isotherm.
In the present study, Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were used to study and analyze the experimental data and to describe the equilibrium state in the adsorption between the solid and liquid phases. The Langmuir isotherm model represents a single layer and uniform adsorption of adsorbed material with the same energy on all the adsorbent surfaces. It also states that all adsorption sites have the same affinity for the adsorbent molecules, and there is no transition process of adsorbed materials on the adsorbent surface. On the other hand, in the Freundlich isotherm equation, the adsorption is considered multi-layered, non-uniform, and heterogeneous. The linear equations of the Langmuir and Freundlich equilibrium isotherms are shown in Equations 3 and 4, respectively.
In Equation 3, Ce is the equilibrium concentration of BL, qe is the amount of BL absorbed at equilibrium, qmax is the maximum adsorption capacity, and KL (L mg-1) is the Langmuir adsorption constant. KF and n are Freundlich constants dependent on the adsorption capacity and intensity, with n values less than 1 indicating weak adsorption and values between 1 to 2 and 2 to 10 indicating moderate and favorable adsorption, respectively. Parameters of n and KL are set using the slope and y-intercept of ln qe linear graph against ln Ce, respectively.
The desirability of the adsorption process in the Langmuir model can be determined using the RL dimensionless factor shown in Equation 5.
RL values greater than 1 indicate undesirable adsorption, equal to 1, specify linear adsorption, equal to 0 shows irreversible adsorption, and values between 0 and 1 are desirable adsorption (15).
3.8. Kinetic Models of Adsorption Systems
Two kinetic equations (pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order) were considered to find the best-fitted model for the experimental data.
The pseudo-first-order kinetic equation is based on the capacity of the adsorbent and is applicable when surface adsorption occurs from within a boundary layer via a diffusion mechanism (16). The pseudo-second-order kinetic equation shows that chemical adsorption is the dominant and controlling mechanism in the process of surface adsorption, which is based on solid-phase adsorption. It also indicates that chemical adsorption is the deceleration process of surface adsorption (17).
In Equation 6, qe and qt (mg g-1) are the absorption capacities at equilibrium time and a given time t (min), respectively, and k1 (min-1) is the pseudo-first-order rate constant. The values of qe and k1 were obtained from the intercept and slope of the ln (qe-qt) linear graph versus t, respectively.
In Equation 7, k2 (g (mg min)-1) is the pseudo-second-order rate constant. qe and k2 values were calculated from the intercept and the slope of the t/qt linear graph against t, respectively.
3.9. In Vitro Cytotoxicity
The potential cytotoxicity of BL and encapsulated BL enzyme in MCNTs on HT-29 cells was evaluated by methylthiazole tetrazolium (MTT) assay using various concentrations of BL (0.1, 1, 10, and 100 μg mL-1). In this method, 100 μL of culture medium containing 10000 HT-29 cells were added to 96-well plate and incubated for 24 - 72 hours. On the second day, 100 μL of pure BL solution and MCNTs containing BL with different concentrations were added to the plates and incubated for another 24 hours. Medium, untreated cultured cells and BL standard were served as the respective control. Then, 20 μL of MTT solution was added to all plates and incubated in the dark for 4 hours. Medium-containing MTT was withdrawn, and formazan crystals were dissolved in 150 μL of acidic isopropanol and incubated for 15 minutes at room temperature. Finally, the optical density (OD) of the solution was measured at 570 nm. The viability was determined as the ratio between viable treated cells against untreated control cells.
3.10. Statistical Analysis
Statistical analysis was carried out by SPSS software version 26. All the experiments were done in triplicate. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA, followed by the Tukey-Kramer post hoc test. The significant level was considered P < 0.05.
4.1. Contact Time Effect on BL Adsorption on MCNTs
The amount of BL adsorbed on MCNTS was investigated in the initial concentration of BL (C0 = 50 mg L-1), at a temperature of 35°C, pH of 7.2 - 7.4, and 1 g L-1 of MCNTs (Figure 1). The adsorption capacity at 90 min was 41.62 mg g-1 and then rose with increasing the time from 90 to 180 min only about 0.2 mg g-1. This may be due to the filling of active sites of adsorption on MCNTs or the access of drug molecules to these active sites. Therefore, 90 min was considered as the equilibrium time for further studies.
Effect of contact time on bromelain (BL) adsorption on magnetic carbon nanotubes (MCNTs)
4.2. Effect of Initial BL Concentration and Amount of Adsorbent
As it is shown, by increasing the dosage of MCNTs from 1 g L-1 to 5 g L-1, at 35°C and optimum pH (7.2 - 7.4), the adsorption efficiency increased, and the adsorption capacity decreased significantly (P < 0.001) (Figure 2). The results indicated that by increasing the initial concentration of BL from 50 mg L-1 to 300 mg L-1 at 1 g L-1 dosage of MCNTs, the adsorption efficiency decreased from 83.2 to 54.0%, while the adsorption capacity increased from 41.62 mg g-1 to 162.08 mg g-1 (Figure 3). It is clear that the rise in the amount of adsorbent is associated with higher efficiency in the removal process. This may be due to the increase of the adsorbent area, which leads the BL molecules to reach the active sites of the adsorbent without competition. On the other hand, the increase in the amount of adsorbent had a negative effect on the adsorption capacity, which was probably due to the lack of active adsorbent surfaces during the BL adsorption process.
Effect of bromelain (BL) and magnetic carbon nanotubes (MCNTs) concentrations on adsorption efficiency
Effect of bromelain (BL) and magnetic carbon nanotubes (MCNTs) concentrations on adsorption capacity
4.3. Temperature Effect
The effect of temperature (35 and 50°C) on adsorption of BL from solution with different concentration (50, 150, and 300 mg L-1) of BL was investigated at optimum pH (7.2 - 7.4), contact time of 90 min, and the adsorbent (MCNTs) concentration of 1 g L-1. By increasing the temperature from 35 to 50°C at all initial concentrations of BL solution, the adsorption efficiency decreased significantly (Figure 4).
Effect of temperature on adsorption efficiency of bromelain (BL) from aqueous solutions
4.4. Adsorption Isotherms
The Ce/qe parameter is presented in terms of Ce at 35 and 50°C to determine the Langmuir and Freundlich model parameters. The parameters related to the adsorption models are calculated and compared in Table 1 (CMCNTs = 1 g L-1 and pH 7.2 to 7.4).
Bromelain (BL) Adsorption Equilibrium Isotherm Parameters on Magnetic Carbon Nanotubes (MCNTs)
|Temperature (°C)||Adsorption Isotherm Models|
|Langmuir Model||Freundlich Model|
|qmax (mg g-1)||KL (L mg-1)||R2||KFd (mg g-1) (L mg-1)1/n||n||R2|
The adsorption behavior on MCNTs is more consistent with the Freundlich model than the Langmuir model (Table 1). It can be seen that the values obtained for the parameter n in the Freundlich model for both temperatures are higher than 2, which represents the desired adsorption of BL onto MCNTs. The correlation coefficient for the Freundlich model is higher than 0.98, which indicates that the BL adsorption follows the Freundlich better than the Langmuir model. The maximum adsorption capacity based on the Langmuir model was 208.3 mg g-1, which was obtained at 35°C. However, the values of KF at 35 and 50°C were 14.79 and 10.33, respectively, which both indicate favorable adsorption of BL onto MCNTs.
4.5. Adsorption Kinetics
The drug adsorption data at different contact times on MCNTs (CMCNTs = 1 g L-1) were used to investigate the kinetic behavior of BL adsorption at 35°C and pH 7.2 - 7.4. The parameters for the pseudo-first and pseudo-second orders were calculated. For this purpose, the parameters of ln (qe-qt) and t/qt were plotted in terms of t, and linear regression was performed (Table 2). The experimental data obtained from the adsorption experiments are in better agreement with the pseudo-second-order kinetic equation.
Kinetic Parameters of the Bromelain (BL) Adsorption Process on Magnetic Carbon Nanotubes (MCNTs)
|qe(Experimental) (mg g-1)||Kinetic Models|
|qe (Cal) (mg g-1)||K1 (min-1)||R2||qe (Cal) (mg g-1)||K2 [g (mg min)-1]||R2|
The cytotoxicity level of BL and encapsulated BL in MNCTs against HT-29 cells was investigated by MTT assay (Figure 5A and B). BL at 10 μg mL-1 concentration significantly inhibited HT-29 growth, as shown in Figure 5. Also, BL at 100 μg mL-1 demonstrated more than 50% reduction of cell viability after 24, 48, and 72 h. It was observed that after 72 h, the cells were highly vacuolated. However, encapsulated BL indicated the same decrease in cell viabilities only after 48 and 72h, which may be due to a gradual release of the drug over time.
A, percent of cell viability at different concentrations of bromelain (BL); and B, encapsulated BL in magnetic carbon nanotubes (MCNTs) by MTT assay (*P < 0.001).
This study was performed on the adsorption of BL on MCNTs, and the function of this plant enzyme on inhibition of growth and proliferation of colon cancer cells. The results showed that the integration of MCNTs with BL improves the long-term effect of this enzyme. In other words, MCNTs release the drug more slowly and increase its effectiveness.
BL is an aqueous extract of pineapple containing a complex mixture of thiol proteases and non-proteasome components. Protease is a significant component of BL. It has been reported that the anticancer property of BL is mainly related to its protease components (3). In this study, it was attempted to investigate the anticancer properties of the BL enzyme alone and also in combination with MCNTs. As it is known, MCNTs have some advantages in preventing the anticancer drug from degradation in the circulatory system and targeted delivery of an adequate drug to the tumor cells.
Evaluation of the efficacy of BL enzyme as an anticancer agent alone and in combination with other agents is often limited to preclinical trials (7, 8, 18). BL has been shown to selectively induce cell death in tumor cells by enhancing the effect of p53 and blocking the mitochondrial death pathway via enhancing Bax expression and cytochrome c release (19). Besides, BL reduces the activity of cell rescue regulators, such as Akt, which accelerates the death of cancer cells (20). In vitro studies have shown that the use of BL inhibits the growth of cancer cells in mice and reduces the capacity to spread cancer (21). BL also prevents cancer metastasis and adhesion of surface proteins that are required for adhesion, migration, and inflammation (22). Jaffe et al. showed that BL has an anticancer effect on human breast cancer cells of the GI101A class (23). Bhui et al. also showed that pretreatment with BL reduces the number and size of skin cancer cells in mice (24). Also, it has been recently shown that BL has an anti-proliferative effect on human A431 and murine A375 skin cancer cells (25). In 2013, Amini et al. investigated the effect of BL on four human colon cancer cell lines, including KATO-III, MKN45, HT29-5M21, and HT29-5F12. The results showed that the BL enzyme inhibited the proliferation of these cancer cells (26).
In 2015, Bhatnagar et al. synthesized a nanoparticle containing the BL enzyme and showed that it had higher anticancer activity than the BL itself, because of the increased release of the BL enzyme (5). In 2016, they developed a hyaluronic acid grafted PLGA copolymer, capable of targeting cancer cells as well as higher cellular uptake and cytotoxicity (7).
In 2012, Chen et al. functionalized SWCNTs using an ultrasonic DSPE-PEG2000-Amoni amine system. The results of this test showed that the encapsulating BL enzyme in SWCNTs has a significant effect on decreasing the growth and progression of breast cancer (27).
Our results demonstrated that at equilibrium in a solution containing 50 mg mL-1 of BL and 1 g L-1 MCNTs at 35°C, the amount of adsorbed BL was 41.62 mg g-1. This number is very close to the number predicted by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model (44.24 mg). Therefore, it can be concluded that the dominant mechanism in the BL adsorption process on MCNTs is chemical adsorption. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model states that the two reactions in parallel were effective in the BL adsorption process on the MCNTs. The first reaction reaches equilibrium quickly, and the second lasts longer.
The results of the MTT assay indicated that BL had potent cytotoxicity at high concentrations (100 μg mL-1) even after 24 h. However, regarding the encapsulated BL in MCNTs, the viability rate decreased after 48 h, which shows a gradual release of the drug over time. As it is known, this type of drug release is favorable for cancer treatment. It is suggested that to obtain more definite results, more trials, especially in vivo experiments, are needed.
The optimized experimental parameters for BL adsorption were pH (7.2 - 7.4), adsorbent concentration (1g L-1), temperature (35°C), contact time (90 min), and initial BL concentration (50 mg L-1). The adsorption followed the Freundlich model better than the Langmuir model, and the Freundlich values indicated favorable adsorption of BL onto MCNTs. In addition, the adsorption followed second-order kinetics. Therefore, the predominant mechanism in the adsorption process on MCNTs is chemical adsorption. The decrease in adsorption capacity with temperature suggested the exothermic nature of adsorption.
The results indicated that MCNTs could be a potential effective adsorbent for the removal of BL from the solution. BL alone and in combination with MCNTs at 100 μg mL-1 concentration exhibited severe cytotoxicity effect on HT-29 cells. Although cellular viability in the presence of MCNTs decreased slowly, the advantage of using MCNTs may be due to the slow delivery of encapsulated BL, which is favorable for cancer treatment.
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domain: literature


text:
SALEM, Ohio — Livestock producers and meat lovers everywhere are up in arms over an Oct. 26 announcement that proclaimed eating processed meat causes cancer, specifically colorectal cancer.
The International Agency for Research on Cancer, the cancer agency of the World Health Organization, evaluated the carcinogenicity of the consumption of red meat and processed meat and now classifies the consumption of red meat as “probably” carcinogenic to humans. Processed meat was classified as carcinogenic to humans.
A news release announcing the decision stated the agency’s classification was based on limited evidence that the consumption of red meat causes cancer in humans. A working group of 22 experts from 10 countries made the determination.
The panel could not quantify how much meat you would have to eat to be at risk.
The scientists found there was sufficient evidence in humans that the consumption of processed meat causes colorectal cancer. They concluded that each 50-gram portion (less than 2 ounces) of processed meat eaten daily over a lifetime increases the risk of colorectal cancer by 18 percent.
Risk is small
“For an individual, the risk of developing colorectal cancer because of their consumption of processed meat remains small, but this risk increases with the amount of meat consumed,” said Dr. Kurt Straif, with the International Agency for Research on Cancer.
But, he added, because “of the large number of people who consume processed meat, the global impact on cancer incidence is of public health importance.”
The working group evaluated more than 800 studies from several continents about meat and cancer. The studies looked at more than a dozen types of cancer in populations with diverse diets over the past 20 years.
Members of the international committee assigned to review all of the evidence on red meat and cancer risk were divided on their opinion whether to label red meat a “probable” cause of cancer. That’s according to the Beef Checkoff nutrition scientist and registered dietitian, Shalene McNeill, PhD, RD, who observed the International Agency for Research on Cancer process. McNeill is executive director of human nutrition research at the National Cattlemen’s Beef Association.
The experts were unable to reach a consensus agreement, and instead used “majority” agreement for the meat announcement.
“Cancer is a complex disease that even the best and brightest minds don’t fully understand,” said McNeill. “Billions of dollars have been spent on studies all over the world and no single food has ever been proven to cause or cure cancer.”
“There are a constellation of factors that are associated with the probability of getting cancer, which include age, genetics, socioeconomic characteristics, obesity, lack of physical activity, where you grew up, alcohol consumption, smoking and even your profession,” said Dominik Alexander, PhD, MSPH, an epidemiologist who has conducted the research on behalf of the Beef Checkoff.
Because red meat is “consumed in the context of hundreds of other foods and is correlated with other behavioral factors,” Alexander added, “it is not valid to conclude red meat is an independent cause of cancer.”
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domain: food


text:
In this recipe from reader Robert Estep of East Haddam, Connecticut, sage-infused olive oil complements the beans and sausage, and the fried leaves make the crunchy breadcrumb topping even crunchier.
fresh sage leaves
fresh chicken sausage
dry white wine
can cannellini beans
- Preheat oven to 350 degrees F. In a food processor, pulse bread until very coarse crumbs form (you should have about 3 cups). Add 2 tablespoons oil; pulse briefly to moisten. Season with salt and pepper; set breadcrumbs aside.
- In a medium saucepan, heat remaining 2 tablespoons oil over medium-high heat. Add sage; cook until crisp, 2 to 3 minutes. Using a slotted spoon, transfer sage to a paper-towel-lined plate; set aside (reserve pan with oil).
- Add onion and garlic to pan; cook, stirring occasionally, until onion is tender, 5 to 7 minutes. Add sausage and wine; cook, breaking sausage up with a wooden spoon, until cooked through, 3 to 5 minutes. Stir in beans; cook until beans are tender and creamy, about 5 minutes. Season with salt and pepper.
- Transfer sausage-and-bean mixture to a shallow 4-quart baking dish; scatter breadcrumbs over top. Place dish on a rimmed baking sheet, and bake until topping is golden, 25 to 30 minutes. Let cool 5 minutes before serving. Serve casserole topped with fried sage leaves.


Resolution Statement 04110-18 Jefferd v Mail Online
Summary of complaint
1. Barry Jefferd complained to the Independent Press Standards Organisation that the Mail Online breached Clause 1 (Accuracy) and Clause 2 (Privacy) of the Editors’ Code of Practice in an article headlined: “Accountant, 56, and GP, 52, 'changed a wealthy 95-year-old Alzheimer’s sufferer's will and took £886,000 from her bank account'”, published on 28 June 2017.
2. The article was a report of the complainant‘s ongoing trial, at which they were accused of defrauding a woman of £886,000. The article reported that the defendants had allegedly “raided” Ms Cohen’s account, and that they changed her will in order to benefit themselves.
3. The complainant said that the article was inaccurate in breach of Clause 1, as the court did not characterise the defendants as allegedly having “raided” the alleged victim’s bank account, and these was no reference in court to the will being changed. He said that his charges were later amended to make no reference to him having any involvement with the alleged victim’s bank accounts, and that he was eventually acquitted of all charges.
4. The complainant also said that the article breached Clause 2 (Privacy), because it published his full name and partial address. The complainant was concerned that his family could be easily identified from this information; he said that they had already received abuse in relation to the charges faced by the complainant, which he considered was as a result of the article.
5. The publication did not accept it had breached the Code. It did accept that the complainant was eventually acquitted of amended charges; however, the publication said that it was entitled to report on the original charges faced by the complainant. The publication also said that later articles made clear that the complainant was found not guilty. It also referred to a statement submitted by the prosecution which said that: ““Jefferd drafted a new will and put himself as sole executor of that will”. The publication said it was entitled to report this and said the headline was an accurate summary of the allegations against the complainant.
6. It also said that the word “raided” was an appropriate characterisation of the accusation faced by the complainant. It did not accept that the word was inaccurate or misleading as to the nature of the allegation.
7. The publication did not accept that publishing the complainant’s full name and partial address was a breach of Clause 2. It said that this information was heard in court, and served an important purpose in distinguishing defendants from others with the same name. The publication also made clear that newspapers are entitled to report on court proceedings, and readers expect to be informed of the details of ongoing trials, including information about those accused of committing crimes.
Relevant Code Provisions
8. Clause 1 (Accuracy)
i) The Press must take care not to publish inaccurate, misleading or distorted information or images, including headlines not supported by the text.
ii) A significant inaccuracy, misleading statement or distortion must be corrected, promptly and with due prominence, and — where appropriate — an apology published. In cases involving IPSO, due prominence should be as required by the regulator.
iii) A fair opportunity to reply to significant inaccuracies should be given, when reasonably called for.
iv) The Press, while free to editorialise and campaign, must distinguish clearly between comment, conjecture and fact.
v) A publication must report fairly and accurately the outcome of an action for defamation to which it has been a party, unless an agreed settlement states otherwise, or an agreed statement is published.
Clause 2 (Privacy) *
i) Everyone is entitled to respect for his or her private and family life, home, health and correspondence, including digital communications.
ii) Editors will be expected to justify intrusions into any individual's private life without consent. In considering an individual's reasonable expectation of privacy, account will be taken of the complainant's own public disclosures of information and the extent to which the material complained about is already in the public domain or will become so.
iii) It is unacceptable to photograph individuals, without their consent, in public or private places where there is a reasonable expectation of privacy.
The Public Interest
There may be exceptions to the clauses marked * where they can be demonstrated to be in the public interest.
1. The public interest includes, but is not confined to:
2. There is a public interest in freedom of expression itself.
3. The regulator will consider the extent to which material is already in the public domain or will become so.
4. Editors invoking the public interest will need to demonstrate that they reasonably believed publication - or journalistic activity taken with a view to publication – would both serve, and be proportionate to, the public interest and explain how they reached that decision at the time.
5. An exceptional public interest would need to be demonstrated to over-ride the normally paramount interests of children under 16.
9. The complaint
was not resolved through direct correspondence between the parties. IPSO
therefore began an investigation into the matter.
10. During IPSO’s investigation, the publication offered remove the article under complaint from its website.
11. The complainant said this would resolve the matter to his satisfaction.
12. As the complaint was successfully mediated, the Complaints Committee did not make a determination as to whether there had been any breach of the Code.
Date complaint received: 23/06/2018
Date complaint concluded by IPSO: 13/08/2018Back to ruling listing


Three new City Direct bus services will begin operations in the next few weeks to serve residents in Eunos, Bedok and Hougang.
Running more or less parallel to MRT routes, they join 11 others rolled out since late-2012 to alleviate crushing train load during peak periods on weekdays.
Eunos City Direct Service (CDS) 658 will start on May 19. It will ply Bedok Reservoir Road, Kaki Bukit Avenue 1, Jalan Damai, and Jalan Eunos before taking the Pan-Island Expressway and the East Coast Parkway to get to the central business district.
On weekday evenings, the service will connect commuters from Anson Road, Robinson Road and Marina Boulevard back to Eunos.
Bedok CDS 659 will start on June 9. It will ply from Bedok South Road, Bedok South Avenue 3, New Upper Changi Road, Bedok North Road, Bedok North Avenue 2 and Bedok North Street 3 before heading towards Central Boulevard and Shenton Way via the PIE and the ECP.
Similarly, it will bring commuters back to the Bedok housing estates on weekday evenings. And Hougang CDS 660 will start on Jun 23. It will ply along Buangkok Green, Hougang Street 91, Hougang Avenue 4 and Avenue 8 towards Ang Mo Kio Avenue 3 before heading to the CBD via the Central Expressway during the morning peak.
The three new services will be operated by Aedge Holdings, as part of the state-funded billion-dollar Bus Service Enhancement Programme to relieve crowding on MRT trains before new rail lines come onstream over the next decade or so.


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We are so excited to introduce Jacquie Johnson, Vice President of Business Development at Taylor…
After learning to code and use Photoshop in high school, Cindy Viera realized that she loved all things design. She now uses her creative eye as the lead senior graphic designer at Taylor & Pond, working on various beauty clients’ projects from social media graphics to product box designs. Learn more about how Cindy got involved in the design world, what inspires her and a few design tips she’s learned after years of industry experience.
Meet Cindy Viera
1. Tell us a little about yourself. How did you first get involved in the design world?
In high school, I randomly took a web design class that revolved around building websites and coding. Often times coders also need to know how to use Photoshop, so I was always messing around with pictures and designs there. Once people found out what I was doing, I started making flyers and CD covers for mixtapes. This was also during the time of Myspace and I started altering my profile with snippets of code to customize my account with designs and features that weren’t included in templates. At the time, I didn’t even realize that I was doing graphics — it wasn’t until later when I realized that everything I was doing was basically designs. When it was time to go off to college, I still didn’t know what I wanted to do. I knew that I enjoyed making graphics, using Photoshop and people I knew liked my work, so I decided to study graphic design at SDSU. Although I started and followed that path throughout college, even in those years I often doubted myself, faced a creative block and even considered switching majors. After graduating, I took a few months off before my job search. After filling out dozens of applications (and only getting two interviews) in 2015, I landed my internship at Taylor & Pond and have been designing here ever since!
2. What does a typical day in your life look like?
The first thing on my agenda is to go through emails to get updates and respond to any urgent client requests. After that, I spend some time checking in on other people’s work, mentoring interns and other designers. The majority of what I work on is social media graphics, but occasionally I also work on special projects like landing pages, print graphics for mailer inserts, box designs and product box designs. In the middle of my day, I always make a quick coffee run to Starbucks for a little caffeine pick-me-up!
3. How would you describe your approach to design?
First, you have to understand the task at hand which starts by knowing as much background knowledge about the brand and assignment. The design process involves a lot of researching and conceptualizing. When clients give you a task, as a designer it’s your job to also become a problem solver. The next step is to look for inspiration and let those ideas flow. It really depends on the client, but I always make sure to give my own twist on everything based on my understanding of the task and brand. I’m always very critical of my own work and make sure to review and get feedback on my designs.
4. What are some of your favorite projects that you’ve been working on recently?
Some of my favorite things I’ve been working on are print graphics and influencer boxes. They are very tedious and a little daunting, because once they’re set off to print you can’t edit or upload the file like most of our other projects. I love a challenge — and being able to see the end result and hold in your hands makes it all worth it.
5. What’s the motto that motivates your career?
“You either make craft, or you make crap” — is the motto that motivates me in my career. The product of any project is a reflection of who you are as a designer as well as a professional. I’ve found that, by approaching my work with a hypercritical eye, I’ve not only honed by craft, but also allowed my peers to trust my creative process and ability to produce quality work.
6. What advice would you give to those looking to go into creative fields such as graphic design?
When I was in college, many people mentioned they majored in graphic design or art because it seemed easy. Many people think design is just putting a bunch of things together and that anything can be art, but you really have to understand the fundamentals. Make sure you’re a creative person because it’s a huge part of your job and you will really have a hard time if you can’t think of new ideas. I would also recommend that you make sure this is really what you want to do and that you’re passionate about it.
7. Can you share a few design tips with our readers?
This goes back to my approach: understand your client and do your research. Always try different options and never just stick to one idea. One idea will usually stem into other ideas, and often times you might like your second or third option way more than your original concept. Another tip is to do creative exercises or look up tutorials at home in your free time; this helps you to get to know yourself as a designer and understand your own style outside of clients. Go to workshops to surround yourself with other creative people and creative ideas.
8. What are some of your favorite products in your beauty bag?
This interview has been edited and condensed.
Interested in learning more from professionals in the digital marketing and beauty industries? Check out the rest of our As Told By series.

domain: design


Sinter SLP 1029
A Sinter various artists showcase 10′ Lp released in 1955, features, among others, also Neusa Maria with a song originally released as 78 rpm and Flora Matos a singer previously unknown to me.
Now follows what you could expect:
A search revealed that the discography of Flora Matos covers the span from 1944 to 1960 with at least 16 78 rpm albums as well as participations on several various artists 10′ Lps, mostly with Carnaval music.
No trace of a career album…
The list of all artists, compositions and composers is:
1. Agora É Tarde (Paulo César / Di Veras) Os Melhores de 53
2. Daqui Para A Eternidade (From Here To Eternity) (Robert Wells / Freddie Karger) Paulo Molin
3. Se Acaso Você Chegasse (Lupicínio Rodrigues / Felisberto Martins) Trio Donato
4. Noite de Chuva (José Batista / Peterpan) Flora Matos
5. Saxofone Tinhoso (Miranda Pinto / Sandoval Dias) Sandoval Dias
6. O Pequeno Sapateiro (the Little Shoemaker) (Revil Lemarque) Trigêmeos Vocalistas
7. A Carta (Esdras Pereira da Silva / Walter Barros / Ribamar) Neusa Maria
8. Churrasca (Francisco J. Lomuto / Pancho Laguna) Eduardo Patané e Sua Típica com Floriano Faissal
DAQUI PARA A ETERNIDADE
Créditos: Pedro & 300discos


- Strong anti-interference ability, small current fluctuation, easy to operate
- Stable arc combustion, heat concentrated, high temperature arc column
- Small electrode loss easy to maintain the arc length.
- High frequency arc, high success arc rate, stable small welding current, good forming
- Constant current output, strong ability to resist the voltage fluctuation
Parameter/Model TIG200C Input Voltage (V) 1P 220V±15% No-load Voltage (V) 62V Frequency (HZ) 50/60 Rated out Current/ Voltage TIG:210A/18.4V MMA:210A/28.4V Output Current Range (A) TIG:5-210A MMA:20-210A Rated Duty Cycle (%) 35% Rated Input Current (A) TIG:42 MMA:46 Rated Input Capacity 9.2KVA REfficiency η 0.85 COS Φ 0.99 Insulation Class H Protection Class IP21S Net Weight (kg) 8.5KG Dimension (mm) 405 x 148 x 298


The RESZ Fab v2.0 steel bumper is perfect for those that want to see more tire and/or like their FJ Cruiser without the plastic fender flares. Made of 1/4″ and 1/8″ steel plate..
Weight: 80-85 lbs (depending on style)
Ships bare steel!
All RESZ Fab steel FJ Cruiser front bumpers are made with a 1/4″ thick frame and 1/8″ thick outer shell. D-ring clevises are 1″ thick and are welded to both the frame and outer shell. The hoops are made of 1.75 x .120 DOM steel tube and are reinforced with gussets that run about 3/4 of the way up the hoop. In addition to the 8 factory mounting bolts, we’ve added 2 more for extra strength. One on each side of the frame. All FJ Cruiser plate bumpers are also built to house most non-integrated winches up to 12,000 lbs.
The RESZ v2.0 FJ Cruiser bumper is perfect for those that want to see more tire and/or like their FJ’s without the plastic fender flares. The lines of the bumper wings match perfectly with the the steel fenders.
- These bumpers will expose the windshield washer tanks on 2010+ FJ Cruiser’s. There are several options. Leave it, paint it, cover it, or relocate it.
- All bumpers will have light cutouts and mounts in the side “wings” as of 4/28/2019. If you’d like to special order a bumper without them, please contact us for lead times.
Estimated lead time: 3-6 months
Lead times on bumpers can greatly vary depending on materials on hand, current workload, unforeseen setbacks, etc…


text:
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Demolition at Hecht's Warehouse, hair salon for H Street NE
Tuesday was an exciting day in the District. Kwame Brown was sentenced to jail — for a few hours. The city announced it plans to close 20 schools. The Washington Post's top editor announced he would step down. A judge overturned a contract for smart readers in taxicabs.
It was not, however, the most exciting day in building permits. On to the list:
- 1401 New York Ave. NE: Demolition permit for a "section" of the Hecht's Warehouse. Douglas Development, the building's owner, plans to redevelop the property as office and retail.
- 1343-1345 6th St. NW: New construction of a pair of three-story, two unit flats.
- 816 Rhode Island Ave. NW: Tenant fit-out for a new barbershop.
- 407 H St. NE: Recently renovated retail space will be converted into a hair salon.
Michael Neibauer covers economic development, chambers of commerce, transportation and politics.
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- Business Development Director/Associations McMurry/TMG | Washington, DC
- Director of Graduate Business Program Development, Sellinger School of Business & Management Loyola University Maryland | Baltimore, MD
- Audience Development Account Executive Washington Business Journal | Arlington, VA
- Director of Marketing & Communications, Sellinger School of Business & Management Loyola University Maryland | Baltimore, MD
- Careers at Verizon Wireless Verizon Wireless | Local Opportunities
- Most popular
- A tipping point: Restaurants get reprieve on tipped worker wage hike
- Bethesda Smashburger coming in December
- D.C. United stadium timeline disruptions
- Planners back apartment project in Bethesda office zone
- MedStar, Cleveland Clinic alliance reach licensing deal on medical device
- Arlington, McDonnell put more than $500,000 into new startup partnership
- Peet's Coffee & Tea signs lease for new shop downtown
- Restaurant to replace homeless shelter in Bethesda
- Cyber Monday morphs into Cyber Week
- House approves fresh batch of real estate prospectuses
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A look at the day's business stories from media outlets around Washington, D.C.

domain: news


text:
SAN DIEGO (CNS) - San Diego's police officers are among the lowest-paid in the state, and are at the bottom in some categories, according to a salary survey released by the city Thursday.
Total compensation -- including base salary and benefits -- ranged from 77 percent of the average of law enforcement agencies studied for recruits to 90 percent of average for a captain.
For years now, the department has struggled to retain experienced officers, who have been poached by nearby police departments that offer more lucrative pay. The SDPD has been chronically more than 100 officers below what is called for in the city budget.
City leaders have been aware of the problem for a couple of years and have taken some steps to correct it, including the commissioning of the salary survey of 18 other law enforcement agencies statewide.
"Unfortunately, this report highlights a serious challenge that we all recognize and must overcome," Mayor Kevin Faulconer said. "We need to make our police department compensation more competitive with other law enforcement agencies so we can stem the tide of officers leaving."
He said he's committed to working with the SDPD and Police Officers Association to find solutions.
Brian Marvel, the president of the San Diego POA said, "This salary survey confirms what we've known for a long time -- San Diego police officers are at the bottom of the market when it comes to compensation. Our officers are aware of this fact, which is why nearly 300 officers hired since 2005 have left our department for other agencies -- at great expense to San Diego taxpayers."
San Diego ranks last in pay for officers and sergeants, is second-to-last in compensating recruits, is 14th for lieutenants and 13th for captains. Because of the availability of data, only 15 of the 18 other agencies studied were included in the total compensation chart.
Employees at a job level of police officer I or II makes more than $96,000 in base pay -- before benefits -- in San Francisco and over $91,000 in San Jose, according to the survey. The base pay in the same employee category for the Sheriff's Department in San Diego is more than $68,600.
For the SDPD, it is not quite $62,600.
"In a very competitive market for police officers this study confirms we must immediately address these challenges as we move forward as a department to ensure we attract and retain the very best police officers who proudly serve our city," SDPD Chief Shelley Zimmerman said.
The survey looked at pay at the San Diego County Sheriff's Department, in local cities such as Carlsbad, Chula Vista and El Cajon; large cities like Los Angeles, San Francisco and San Jose; and medium-sized municipalities like Anaheim, Bakersfield and Fresno.
It also compared policies for overtime, step and merit increases, shift differential for evening and overnight shifts and standby or on-call pay.
The estimated jackpot for Wednesday night's Powerball lottery game has climbed to $700 million, making it the second-largest in U.S. history.
A skate legend hit the boardwalk in Mission Beach Wednesday. Tony Hawk held a skate "sesh" outside Belmont Park to show off his new board collection. News 8's Shawn Styles caught up with the skating star to find out more.
A former high school teacher who downloaded and possessed thousands of images of child pornography, some of which depicted children under the age of 12, was sentenced Wednesday to more than eight years in federal prison.
Back to school season includes new clothes, school supplies and often a new haircut. However, some parents might not have a fresh cut in the budget.
Back to school season includes new clothes, school supplies and often a new haircut. However, some parents might not have a fresh cut in the budget. To help those families and students, The Larry Himmel Foundation and California Barber & Beauty College are joining forces to provide free back to school haircuts for kids around San Diego for the 2nd Annual Back-to-School Haircut event.
Sixteen people and at least one dog fled from a burning home Wednesday morning in the Oak Park neighborhood just minutes before the house became fully engulfed in flames, authorities said.
The U.S. Department of State on Tuesday warned U.S. citizens about the risk of traveling to certain parts of Mexico due to the activities of criminal organizations in those areas.
Testimony got underway Wednesday in a preliminary hearing for a former Navy man accused of torturing and disfiguring his next-door neighbors' dogs over a period of months in Oceanside, poisoning them, burning them with acid and gouging out one of their eyes.
"All Saints" hits theaters nationwide this Friday and the movie's star John Corbett spoke to Morning Extra on Wednesday.

domain: law


Dating martin ukes, categories
The sound projection in the open air, at the beach, is a far cry above many other guitars.
How many beginning players had a sunburst Stella by Harmony to learn on? It was generally felt that they let it happen.
They were not all that well received. The external battery box and battery check are a handy feature.
Stop by the Budweiser Country Club for games, photo opps, custom leather koozies, flash tatts, surprise meet and greets and more! Some ebay sellers are known for Harmony parts.
Many had 3 pickups along with 6 volume and tone controls. Improvements over the original CTP-1 include a mute button and a faster warm up time that is quieter with no volume swell. But how much can you handle?
By getting Players like Roy Smeck to endorse their instruments some of these instruments were made to cater to the more serious musician. Q - I have a Harmony Rocket that is labeled as a H In the brand was finally changed to C.
Models, pictures and other information. The different models, by the late 60's, were as diverse as the kinds of people there were to play them.
Fun & Free
There is nothing better than a strong community. Simply press the tuner switch to activate it, sound each string in turn, tune to concert pitch and then start playing!
A restored version of Mammy, which includes Jolson in some Technicolor sequences, was first screened in Stop by to win prizes and enjoy a VIP experience. They also used bar frets until and probably on some ukes a few more years after which they used "T" frets.


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Demon Slayer: Kimetsu no Yaiba is currently one of the best and most popular cartoon series in the world. So it’s understandable that fans are desperate for new content.
Immediately after the finale of the first season in September 2019, the time had come from the authors of the series “Ufotable” on Twitter that the next project would be a feature film.
The film would be called “Mugen Train” and be a direct sequel to the first season, with Tanjiro, Inosuke, Zenitsu and Nezuko boarding the “Infinity Train” after 40 people were missing on board the locomotive.
However, fans would want to know how to watch the Demon Slayer movie, including when it will be released outside of Japan and what websites the movie will be shown on.
The animated film ‘Demon Slayer: Mugen Train’ will be released Friday October 16e in cinemas in Japan.
After a record-breaking opening weekend, Demon became the official Slayer Twitter
The record found that Mugen Train made over 10 billion yen ($ 95 million) in just 10 days.
The film would then continue breaking records for the best opening weekend and the best second weekend at the Japanese box office, with over 8 million tickets sold.
By January 2021, Demon Slayer: Mugen Train has grown to over $ 390 million and is now considered the fourth highest grossing film of 2020.
The movie’s success is also partly due to its release in IMAX theaters across Japan. According to reports, the IMAX special version “uses enhanced sound to give viewers the experience of being in combat when Tanjiro uses his water-breathing techniques.”
Demon Slayer Mugen Train: Release date in English
- Demon Slayer: Mugen Train will be released “early 2021” in selected cinemas. Both subtitle and dubbed versions are available in North America, Australia, New Zealand and Europe.
Aniplex of America officially authorized Mugen Train Film and revealed that the film will be released theatrically in North America in “early 2021”.
GSC Cinemas originally had planned for a special fan screening in late January, followed by a general screening starting February 4the. However, a new release date for North American theaters has not been announced as this original plan has been postponed due to the pandemic.
Equally frustrating is waiting for Mugen Train in theaters in most parts of Europe.
The film goes first with Manga Entertainment (Great Britain and Ireland), Selecta Vision (Spain), Dynit (Italy), Wakanim (Sweden, Denmark, France, Holland, Norway, Finland and Belgium) – but a specific release date remains in these areas as well unconfirmed.
However, the film will be released in German, Austrian and Swiss cinemas on March 25, thanks to Peppermint Anime.
In Australia and New Zealand Crazy entertainment will start broadcasting the film on February 25th.
In India there are PVR cinemas should have been in talks with traders to bring Mugen Train to Indian theaters in 2021.
It is currently unknown if a similar partnership will be formed with theaters outside these areas. Given its incredible success, some theaters are likely to request special permission to present Mugen Train.
Interestingly, it is possible that a license agreement will be concluded with IMAX (similar to Japan) worldwide – currently with 41 countries. own official IMAX websites.
It is important to note, however, that international releases are completely dependent on the opening of the theaters, which remains uncertain given the ongoing coronavirus pandemic.
This article will be updated as more information on Mugen Train’s international release is confirmed.
As of this writing, there is no information to suggest the Demon Slayer movie will be released on Funimation, Crunchyroll, or any other streaming service.
However, fans expect the film to be available on streaming platforms sometime after it hits theaters.
The platform that the film is most likely to see first is Funimation, which is producing Aniplex from America’s North American theatrical release in partnership with Funimation Films.
While the animated series remains hugely popular on other streaming platforms such as Crunchyroll and Hulu, the film may be available on these sites a few months after Funimation premiered.
This article will be updated as more information is officially announced.
Von Tom Llewellyn – [email protected]
In other news, How to Watch Demon Slayer Film: English Dub and Sub for ‘Mugen Train Confirmed’


text:
File Size: 4240 KB
Print Length: 105 pages
Publication Date: June 1, 2015
Sold by: Digital Services LLC
X-Ray: Not Enabled
Word Wise: Not Enabled
Lending: Not Enabled
Enhanced Typesetting: Enabled
Best Sellers Rank: #169,254 Paid in Kindle Store (See Top 100 Paid in Kindle Store) #8 in Kindle Store > Kindle eBooks > Engineering & Transportation > Engineering > Electrical & Electronics > Electronics > Transistors #9 in Kindle Store > Kindle eBooks > Engineering & Transportation > Engineering > Electrical & Electronics > Transistors #14 in Books > Engineering & Transportation > Engineering > Electrical & Electronics > Electronics > Transistors
Most books on Analog Design take an equation based approach leading to clouding the reader's mind with much that is of little significance. The equations typically contain so many terms that the essential idea behind the equation remains elusive to the lost reader.Let me take a moment to include a quote by Richard Hamming here - 'The purpose of computation is not numbers; it is insight'.This books is a goldmine of insight. Starting with very simple ideas, the book introduces the reader to progressively more complicated circuits, while building on the ideas presented up to that point. It is a testimony to the writer's craft and expertise to have written an entire book where all the essential ideas involve just 2 transistors; and yet there is much left to the reader to reflect upon. The writing helps shape the way the reader ought to think about circuits. There is little doubt that the thought process explained in the book, is at some level, what goes on in the mind of a circuit design expert as they set to analyze/design a circuit.It would not be an exaggeration to say that this is the first Analog design book of its kind. This is the way Analog Design needs to be taught. It gives the reader a peek into the mind of a circuit design wizard. The human-relations angle lends a touch of occasional lightness and does not detract from circuit design which is really the core. I keenly look forward to the rest of the series ! I strongly recommend this book to all those who wish to develop a strong foundation and intuition for analog design.
Pretty amazing book. Very interesting way of looking at Analog Circuit design through simple stories and real psychological analogies. Thoroughly enjoyed it!
Not enough content to make it worth $5.
Zen and Zen Classics volume 1: From the Upanishads to Huineng (Zen & Zen Classics) Zen: Zen For Beginners - The Ultimate Guide To Incorporating Zen Into Your Life - A Zen Buddhism Approach To Happiness And Inner Peace Designing Dynamic Circuit Response (Analog Circuit Design) Zen of Analog Circuit Design Winter Circuit (Show Circuit Series -- Book 2) (The Show Circuit) Zen:How to Live a Zen Lifestyle in a Modern Society (Zen, Buddhism, Mindfulness, Yoga) Zen: Zen for Beginners: The Complete Guide to Achieving Presence and Inner Peace (Meditation, Buddhism, Zen Buddhism for Beginners, Happiness) Analog Circuit Design: Art, Science and Personalities (EDN Series for Design Engineers) CMOS Analog Circuit Design (The Oxford Series in Electrical and Computer Engineering) Analog Integrated Circuit Design Analog Filter and Circuit Design Handbook CMOS Analog Circuit Design High-Frequency Analog Integrated Circuit Design (Wiley Series in Microwave and Optical Engineering) VLSI Analog Signal Processing Circuits: Algorithm, Architecture, Modeling, and Circuit Implementation Analog Methods for Computer-Aided Circuit Analysis and Diagnosis (Electrical and Computer Engineering) Summer Circuit (Show Circuit Series -- Book 1) Circuit Engineering: The Beginner's Guide to Electronic Circuits, Semi-Conductors, Circuit Boards, and Basic Electronics 2015 Federal Circuit Yearbook: Patent Law Developments in the Federal Circuit Color Zen Adult Coloring Book 2: Easy Breezy Garden Patterns (Color Zen Adult Coloring Books) (Volume 2) In a Zen Garden: Words of Wisdom for the Zen Gardener


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Sweden has turn into the most recent nation within the EU to take away nearly all of its Covid-19 associated restrictions, together with using a vaccine passports and the necessary masks requirement. The transfer follows a pattern of nations in Europe slowly starting to peel back their restrictions – a transfer that’s sure to show in style with vacationers and native residents alike – after the EU modified their entry necessities recommendation in the beginning of the month.
In making the choice to chop restrictions, the Northern European nation shifted its insurance policies to intently resemble these of its fellow Scandinavian neighbors Denmark and Norway, with the 2 international locations additionally reducing their Covid-related restrictions in the course of the week and pivoting in the direction of a residing with the virus strategy. Here’s a more in-depth take a look at which restrictions are set to be scrapped in Denmark, plus a recap of the same adjustments by their neighbours.
Sweden Scraps Local Restrictions – Information for Travelers
Travelers heading to Sweden subsequent week are sure to expertise a semblance of what journey was like pre-pandemic, after it was revealed that the nation can be scrapping nearly all of its native Covid-19 restrictions. The transfer was announced on Thursday, with Sweden’s Prime Minister Magdalena Andersson – who herself examined optimistic for the virus in January – explaining the change in path throughout a press convention.
“The pandemic is not over, but we are headed into a new phase,” the Prime Minister defined throughout her press convention. That new section will see on a regular basis life return to normality in Sweden, with the necessities for residents to current vaccine certificates to participate in a number of actions eliminated, together with the necessities to put on face masks on public transport. Capacity limits in eating places are additionally set to be eliminated, with opening hours additionally free to be set by companies. The adjustments are set to return into impact on February ninth.
It ought to nevertheless be famous that these restrictions are nonetheless topic to vary, relying on how the Covid-19 state of affairs within the nation goes from right here. Sweden continues to be reporting excessive case numbers, however they aren’t burdening hospitals, which has led to the easing of restrictions. However, Sweden’s Social Affairs Minister Lena Hallengren additionally defined in the identical pandemic that they’d “continue to be vigilant about how the pandemic will develop”.
Some of the nation’s restrictions are set to stay in place. Unvaccinated Swedes are nonetheless suggested to keep away from crowded locations, while these with Covid-19 signs are nonetheless informed to remain at residence. Sweden’s present border restrictions for many vacationers are anticipated to stay as they’re for now, although they’re set to loosen entry requirements for guests arriving from different Nordic international locations.
Setting the restriction-easing pattern was neighboring Denmark, who made related sweeping strikes final week. As effectively as eradicating all inner Covid-19 restrictions, Denmark took it a step additional by saying that each one post-arrival testing can be scrapped. Norway too revealed that they’d be eradicating their Covid-19 restrictions, making Scandinavia a vacation spot that’s sure to be in style amongst restriction-weary vacationers.
In order to have the ability to go to Sweden at current, vacationers from the US have to be fully-vaccinated with a vaccine that’s permitted by the EMA or WHO. Travelers should additionally present a detrimental Covid-19 take a look at end result taken inside the previous 72 hours. The nation is at present reporting a each day common of just under 35,000 instances, and at present has a Level 4 – Do Not Travel advisory from the US State Department.
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Nadine Caridi started her career not directly as a therapist, but as a mesmerizing model who could capture anyone’s heart.
After graduating from high school when she was just 17 years old, Nadine started to work in many commercials as a model during the 90s era.
At that time, she did that because she really needed some money and security to make her life feel stable.
Not long after that, this beautiful Scorpio woman then got married to Jordan Belfort, even though she was divorced at 31.
After getting divorced, Nadine decided to pursue a master’s degree in psychology to be an expert in counseling.
Successfully graduating and earning a master’s degree, she then started her career as a therapist by owning her own private practice.
Not only that, but she also released a book titled A Therapist’s Guide on Healing from Traumatic Love.
- Real Name: Nadine Caridi
- Stage Name: Nadine Caridi
- Nickname: Nadine
- Birthday: November 6, 1962
- Birthplace: London, England
- Zodiac Sign: Scorpio
- Nationality: British
- Height: 178 cm (5’8″)
- Weight: 55 kg (121 lbs)
- Blood Type: –
- Religion: Christian
- Profession: Therapist, Model (formerly)
- Education: Pacifica Graduate Institute (Majored in Somatic and Depth Psychology), John Dewey High School
- Hobbies: Exercising, Painting, Cooking, Decorating
- Parents: –
- Sibling: –
- Husband: John Macaluso, Jordan Belfort (Married 1991 – 2005)
- Children: Chandler Belfort, Carter Belfort
- Facebook: –
- Twitter: –
- Instagram: @therealdrnadine
- TikTok: –
- YouTube: –
- Nadine has a body ratio of 32-30-37 inches.
- Her shoe size is 7 based on US measurements.
- She has a beautiful gray eye color.
- Her natural hair color is blonde.
- Nadine has a beautiful hourglass body.
- Italian cuisine is her favorite food.
- She chooses Tom Hanks as her favorite actor.
- Her favorite actress is Sandra Bullock.
- Switzerland is her favorite holiday destination.
- Nadine lives with her family in New York City, New York, United States.
- Nadine was the second wife of Jordan Belfort.
- Her ex-husband works as an entrepreneur and was formerly a stockbroker.
- Jordan became popular after he wrote about a stock market scam and got the title as “Wolf of Wall Street”.
- Nadine and Jordan’s story was adapted into a 2013 movie, The Wolf of Wall Street. In that movie, Nadine has a new character, Naomi Lapaglia.
- Nadine became a single mother who raised her children after divorcing Jordan.
- Nadine met Jordan at the end of the 80s era after Alan Wilzig introduced them at a Westhampton Beach House Party.
- She met John Macaluso two years after getting divorced from Jordan.
- During her life, she experienced a lot of trauma from an abusive relationship.
- She always wants to help women in leaving any kind of abusive relationship.
- Nadine loves to spend her time with her family and her dog when she is not busy with work.
- She revealed that when she was married to Jordan, she thought it was the worst thing that had ever happened to her.
- After getting a divorce, Nadine moved to California with her children and Jordan didn’t provide any financial support.
- Nadine once met Margot Robbie before the shooting process of The Wolf of Wall Street.
- Her ideal type is…
- Her net worth was approximately $5 million.
Nadine Caridi is such a strong, brave, and independent girl. She never takes everything for granted and is always brave to speak up her mind.

domain: celebrity


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Texas loses in tournament quarters, readies for NCAA
April 29, 2012
On Friday, the fifth-seeded Aggies handed fourth-seeded Texas a 4-2 loss to knock UT out of the tournament.
Men's Tennis tries to bounce back in final match-up with Texas A&M
April 26, 2012
After finishing conference play with their third loss, the Longhorns look to bounce back with a win in the conference tournament this weekend against a familiar foe.
Texas drops final match, will take No. 4 seed into tournament
April 22, 2012
Instead of a third conference win, Texas came back with their third conference loss.
Texas men's tennis attempts to move above .500 in Lubbock
April 19, 2012
This weekend's winner claims the No. 2 seed and first round bye at the conference tournament next weekend.
Chen clinches Lone Star Showdown for Texas
April 16, 2012
In the deciding match at the number six singles line, Chen got the break, the match and the team victory for the Longhorns.
Last A&M match one more chance for sibling rivalry bragging rights
April 12, 2012
After more than 100 years of intense, competitive matchups, the Longhorns and Aggies will square off on the tennis courts for one final Lone Star Showdown on Saturday.
Despite loss, Holiner proves he's the player to beat
April 11, 2012
Going into last night’s matchup, Holiner was on a nine match win streak that started back in February.
Texas tops St. Edwards, prepares for final Lone Star Showdown
April 11, 2012
The Longhorns posted eight wins on their way to a 6-1 victory over St. Edward’s.
Longhorns take on Hilltoppers, prepare for final meeting against Texas A&M
April 11, 2012
Texas will look to gain some confidence from this match before the final conference showdown against the Aggies this Saturday.
Texas rebounds from loss with conference win
April 2, 2012
the Longhorns were able to take the court and walk away with their first conference win.
Texas opens conference play against Red River rivals
March 29, 2012
This weekend the Longhorns will begin their quest for a conference title against No. 21 Oklahoma and No. 75 Oklahoma State.
Quick win earns coach 400th career victory
March 19, 2012
On Sunday, Texas defeated UT-Permian Basin after a rain delay forced the eventual cancellation of the morning match against Tulsa.
Texas Men's Tennis takes on top level competition over spring break
March 9, 2012
Texas will take on the top-ranked team in the country next week, along with three other ranked teams.
Texas prepares for a week of tough tennis matches
March 8, 2012
The first team up for the Longhorns is No. 31 San Diego, in a match that was postponed today due to rain.
Texas takes on San Diego, preps for weekend doubleheader
March 7, 2012
Texas will hit the courts today for the second of seven matches on the schedule over the next two weeks.
Texas kicks off busy two weeks with shutout win over TCU
March 5, 2012
Longhorn tennis team to be quite busy, but success is in the future.
Longhorns look to keep winning streak alive against TCU
March 2, 2012
After moving up in rankings, the Longhorns look to build upon a winning streak.
After easy win, Longhorns work to earn second victory in doubleheader
February 27, 2012
The Longhorns had to overcome an unexpectedly tough opponent to earn their second win in a doubleheader on Saturday.
Longhorns return to home courts for Saturday doubleheader
February 23, 2012
This weekend the Longhorns return home and will try to add two more wins to their season.
Longhorns finish tournament with two strong victories
February 20, 2012
The Longhorns ended the weekend on a positive note with two victories over Top 20 teams.
Longhorns to take on Buckeyes in opening round of championships
February 16, 2012
Texas will face a tough opponent on the courts today, as they take on Ohio State.
Longhorns drop tight match against rival Aggies, rebound with win over Islanders
February 13, 2012
The Longhorns took to the road this weekend and split their matches with a loss to Texas A&M, and a decisive victory over Texas A&M Corpus Christi.
Texas looks to junior to lead young team through tough schedule
February 10, 2012
Without a strong team of ranked players and senior leadership, the young tennis team will rely on Daniel Whitehead.
Longhorns post win, bounce back from first loss of the season
February 5, 2012
Men's tennis team rebounds from first loss of the season with a tight win over North Carolina
Matchup against No. 2 ranked team looms for Longhorns
February 2, 2012
The No. 15 ranked Longhorns will test their skills on the road this weekend.
Texas scores two victories, earns berth in indoor championships next month
January 29, 2012
The Longhorns went undefeated over the weekend to earn a spot in the February championships.
Longhorns look to play in front of home crowd and earn a berth in the indoor championships
January 27, 2012
Texas is coming off two 5-2 victories in dual match play, with wins over SMU and Rice.
Texas looks to rebound from loss with two victories in tournament this weekend
January 26, 2012
The Longhorns will try to build upon their success by earning a spot in the February indoor championships.
Longhorns look to build on early success on the courts against Rice Owls
January 20, 2012
When these teams met in Austin last April, Texas walked away with a 6-1 win over the Owls.
After strong start, doubles team Scott and Padegimaite fall in final
January 17, 2012
However, Texas ended the tournament on a high-note by posting four more singles victories.
Texas turns in successful start to season, faces stiff competition down the road
January 17, 2012
Texas hit the courts in a successful weekend tournament in Florida, coming away with a victory against SMU.
Danish freshman making impact on the court
November 10, 2011
A long way from home, this tennis champion proves he'll take a risk to succeed as an athlete.
Longhorns sweep semifinals, claim all final spots in tournament
November 7, 2011
Longhorns claimed every finals spot at the tournament in Fort Worth this weekend.
Duo falls in quarters, rest of team off to TCU tournament
November 3, 2011
Camillone and Holiner earned a spot in the 20-team doubles draw of the tournament by defeating fellow teammates Ben Chen and Daniel Whitehead in the finals.
Texas sends doubles duo to New York
November 3, 2011
This event, which is hosted by Columbia University, will be played on the grounds of the U.S. Open Championships.
Texas duo wins title at ITA Texas Regionals
October 24, 2011
For the second year in a row, Texas will make a trip to New York next month to compete for the indoor championship title.
Whitehead looks to stay white-hot
October 21, 2011
The Longhorns are ready to get back to work this weekend in the ITA Texas Regional Championships.
Texas wraps up tournament one win shy of main draw
October 6, 2011
The men's tennis team finished the ITA All-American tournament tournament with six wins to four losses in singles and two wins and two losses in doubles.
Texas adds two more to qualifying round of tournament
October 4, 2011
Texas will add two more players to the qualifying draw this week after posting consecutive victories in the pre-qualifying draws this weekend.
Two Texas players post consecutive victories
October 3, 2011
Junior Alex Hilliard and sophomore David Holiner won two matches on Sunday to move in to the qualifying singles draw.
Mens tennis hoping to build on fall victories
September 29, 2011
The tournament is an annual event and is one of three national championship events on the college tennis calendar.
Texas teammates face off in singles final
September 19, 2011
The Texas men’s tennis team started the fall season off to an impressive start by winning the singles title in one tournament, while also posting wins in another.
Longhorns mens tennis faces tough opponents in two tournaments this weekend
September 15, 2011
“The work ethic and attitude have been as good as we had hoped for,” Center said. “Everyone is working extremely hard and showing what they can do.” Center said he looks forward to getting the season started against some tough competition.

domain: sports


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Flat rate shipping $9.90 or Local pick up in Albany
A great way to get started on your filter coffee journey. Kit includes:
- Hario V60 brewer 2 cup (white plastic)
- Hario filter papers x40
- Bamboo paddle
Grab a bag of filter roast too and you're on track for the perfect pourover coffee. See our blog post for V60 brew instructions.

domain: hobby


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Voted one of the most annoying television adverts of the year, it’s difficult to forget GoCompare’s “opera singer” advert and character creation “Gio Compario”. But the Welsh born opera singer – Wynne Evans – and acclaimed opera performer in his own right before the GoCompare advert, has gone into hiding.
Evans, now known by the masses for donning a tux and a long curly moustache rather than his credible operatic performance, has been refusing interviews and publicity calls for fear of a public backlash.
[The Daily Star writes] One pal said: â€œHeâ€™s always proud of the work he does but heâ€™s keeping quiet about this one. The ads are on all the time but not everyone is a big fan! Heâ€™s keeping a low profile.â€ A spokeswoman for Gocompare.com said Wynne â€œisnâ€™t interested in doing interviews at this timeâ€.
…can you blame him?! For those who are fans of Wynne Evans’ work, you’ll spot him in this “Fans of Jerusalum” video compiled for The Ashes:


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Allan John Melvin (February 18, 1923 – January 17, 2008) was an American character actor, voice actor and impressionist, who was cast in hundreds of television episodes from the 1950s to the early 1990s, often appearing in recurring roles on various series. Some of those roles and series include portraying various characters on The Andy Griffith Show, as real estate salesman Pete Dudley in My Favorite Martian, as Corporal Henshaw on The Phil Silvers Show, Sergeant Hacker on Gomer Pyle, USMC, Alice's boyfriend Sam the Butcher on The Brady Bunch, and as Archie Bunker's friend Barney Hefner on both All in the Family and Archie Bunker’s Place.
Melvin was born in Kansas City, Missouri, to Marie and Richard Melvin but lived part of his childhood in New York City with his paternal grandparents, Helen (née Campbell) and Frank Melvin. Allan attended Columbia University, and after his graduation he served in the United States Navy during World War II. In 1944, he married Amalia Faustina Sestero in New York City.
While working at a job in the sound effects department of NBC Radio, he did a nightclub act and appeared and won on the Arthur Godfrey’s Talent Scoutsradio show. While appearing on Broadway in Stalag 17, he got his break into television by getting the role of Corporal Steve Henshaw on the popular The Phil Silvers Show program. U.S. Television fans of this era usually best remember his role as Henshaw, Sgt. Bilko’s right-hand man on that show. “He was proudest of that show,” Amalia Melvin said. “I think the camaraderie of all those guys made it such a pleasant way to work. They were so relaxed.”
During this period, in addition to his role on The Phil Silvers Show, Melvin was often cast in slightly loud, occasionally abrasive, but generally friendly second banana roles. Melvin was also adept at “tough guy” roles; in an example of his range as an actor, one episode of The Phil Silvers Show featured Melvin doing a recognizable impersonation of Humphrey Bogart.
In the 1960s, Melvin worked extensively at CBS for Sheldon Leonard and Aaron Ruben. He played Staff Sgt. Charlie Hacker who was Sgt. Vince Carter’s rival for four seasons on Gomer Pyle, USMC. He also made eight appearances on The Dick Van Dyke Show. He also provided the voices of cartoon character Magilla Gorilla, the lion Drooper on The Banana Splits Adventure Hour, archvillain Tyrone in The Secret Lives of Waldo Kitty and Bluto on The All New Popeye Hour. Melvin also made eight guest appearances on The Andy Griffith Show in eight different roles, usually as heavies. He also made three guest appearances on Perry Mason in various roles, including reporter Bert Kannon in the 1966 episode, "The Case of the Sausalito Sunrise." Also in 1966 Allan played the space enforcer on the series Lost in Space, in the episode “West Of Mars”.
Melvin is remembered for supporting roles on two popular 1970s sitcoms. He played Sam Franklin, the owner of a local butcher shop and boyfriend of the Brady's housekeeper Alice (played by Ann B. Davis) on The Brady Bunch, and Barney Hefner, Archie Bunker’s neighbor and friend on All in the Family. In other contributions to 1970s pop culture, he appeared as a Mel’s Diner patron on Alice and worked as a voice artist (under the name “Al Melvin”). He provided several characters’ voices for the TV show H.R. Pufnstuf and the voice of Prince Thun of the Lion Men on The New Adventures of Flash Gordon.
Some of his most prolific work was in television commercials, for products as diverse as Kellogg's Sugar Frosted Flakes and Remington electric razors. In the latter commercial, he sang a few bars of Frank Loesser’s song “I Believe in You” with a modified lyric. He was also featured as Al the Plumber on Liquid-Plumr drain opener commercials for fifteen years.
In the early 1980s, Melvin appeared as a regular in Archie Bunker's Place, in which he reprised the now more important role of Barney Hefner. When the series ended in 1983, Melvin’s work was exclusively devoted to cartoon voice-overs. His voice acting career continued until 1994, with Scooby-Doo! in Arabian Nights being his final voice work (again as Magilla Gorilla) before retiring.


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Pete Davidson and Kim Kardashian decided to call it quits on their romance after nine months of dating. Johnny Potenza, a friend of the comic, believes that the star of “The Kardashians” was rejected by Davidson.
Johnny Potenza provided his thoughts on Davidson’s brief relationship with Kim in an interview with The Sun.
“She’s 20 years older, she has four kids and she was married to Kanye West who was always making trouble for them,” Johnny Potenza said.
He further added, “Kanye was picking fights and calling him names. For a man his age it was childish – a pathetic love drama. Most of the people I know in Staten Island were saying it wouldn’t last.”
Johnny Potenza made in TV debut in 2010
Johnny Potenza, who in 2010 gave “The King of Staten Island” star his TV debut, continued by implying that the former couple’s dissimilar upbringings will always make things challenging for the two. “Everyone was shocked he was dating Kim, who is a very classy woman,” he said in his explanation. Pete always led a typical life for a man of his age.
After Kim Kardashian gushed over Pete Davidson in a recent interview with Interview magazine, Johnny Potenza’s interview follows.
“He’s a cutie. He’s literally such a good person, they don’t really make them like him anymore. I’m excited for what he has coming up,” the 41-year-old beauty, Kim Kardashian who shares North (9), Saint (6), Chicago (4) and Psalm (3) with Kanye, said.
Pete Davidson is currently trying to make himself happy
According to a recent story, Pete Davidson is currently “trying to make himself happy” after splitting with the former ‘Keeping Up with the Kardashians’ star.
According to a source who spoke to Us Weekly, Pete is currently attempting to make himself happy by concentrating on himself and his job. He still has a long career ahead of him with many projects in the works after “SNL.” On the other side, Kim Kardashian is reportedly “open to dating again.”
Thank you for reading. Leave us a comment if you liked it!
Have a Good Day ahead

domain: entertainment


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When we first started our group, we were just a small bunch of individuals that loved liberty, loved free minds and free markets, and despised corruption.
Since then, amazing things have happened. We have become organized, we have grown, we have opened an office, we have elected precinct leaders from Miami Gardens to Florida City and from Miami Beach to the Everglades.
Since then, we have grown our voter share from 2,000 voters in 2012 to 10,000 in 2014 and we expect this trend to grow. We have had several electoral successes, and four local lawmakers are now Libertarians.
State Representatives and Mayors have approached us, and candidates are running on a constant basis.
We are becoming a force in local politics.
But victory is not near.
Our public transit system is old and mismanaged. Our streets are horribly planned. Our environment is in disarray. Our bureaucracy is overwhelming, our taxes are going higher every year, our waste is tragically obvious, and the corruption is simply scary.
We have to fight against city councilmen and women that end up in prison, against mayors that use City Hall as a tool to embezzle money. We face some of the most restrictive public records rules in the State of Florida, and transparency laws that apply to other counties are often discarded in South Florida.
Miami-Dade County has the potential to be an amazing beacon of prosperity, tolerance, diversity, education, smart planning, and free markets. But it is the opposite.
And that is why we are here. We are here to make a real difference with all the problems that have arisen from the political corruption of Miami-Dade County.
And we are here to stay.
- Pierre-Alexandre Crevaux

domain: sociology


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Pick's Disease is a progressively degenerative neurological disease similar to Alzheimer's Disease for which there is no known prevention, or cure. Pick's Disease affects the frontal and temporal lobes first, with earliest symptoms showing up as changes in personality and a decline in function at home as well as work. Pick's Disease is frequently first diagnosed as stress or depression and then as Alzheimer's disease. The treatment of Pick's disease is the same as for various stages of other dementias such as Alzheimer's. This accounts for so little information being available related specifically to the treatment of Pick's Disease. . . .
In contrast to Alzheimer's disease, in which early memory loss predominates, the first symptoms of Pick's disease are often personality change, and a decline in function at work and home. Personality change may take the form of apathy and indifference toward customary interests, or of disregard for social decorum and for the feelings of others. Poor social judgement, inappropriate sexual advances, or a coarse and jocular demeanor may be seen. Function declines because the patient simply does very little, or displays confusion and poor judgement. Patients may not be highly forgetful. Often times the patient performs well when directed to do something, but cannot undertake the very same thing independently. What is lost is the ability to initiate, organize, and follow through on even very simple plans and familiar activities.
As the illness advances, difficulties with language become common. Patients become unusually quiet, and when they do speak it may be slowly, in brief sentences. They may labor to make the sounds of words and their speech may sound distorted. Some become extremely apathetic -- they may sit for hours doing nothing at all unless prompted to do so by another, while others become extraordinarily restless, and may pace unceasingly. Some patients are hypersexual, and some, like a small child, may place anything they pick up in their mouths. Gluttonous eating occurs in some cases. Attention span is poor; patients seem to be distracted instantly by anything that they hear or see. Later in the disease, patients usually become mute. Restlessness gives way to profound apathy and the patient may not respond at all to the surrounding world. Eventually, they enter a terminal vegetative state.
Pick's disease usually begins after age 40 and is less common after age 60. It is a disease that invariably worsens. The average course is about 5 years, but it ranges from 2-15 years. It is rare, accounting for between 1% and 5% of dementia.
Like a most rare diseases and most diseases involving mental health, the causes of the disease are not well known, even though the mechanism is understood.

domain: psychology


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A new communications system for ambulances in Montgomery and Prince George’s counties will help people experiencing a heart attack get faster diagnosis and treatment when they arrive at the hospital.
The software system, called LifeNet, allows emergency responders to send electrocardiogram (EKG) results from the ambulance straight to hospital staff to view before the patient arrives. Shady Grove Adventist and Washington Adventist Hospitals, along with several other hospitals, helped purchase the system for Montgomery County.
“This system allows us to more accurately understand what kind of cardiac emergency a patient is experiencing and activate our medical teams for that patient’s immediate treatment upon arrival,” says Drew White, M.D., medical director of the emergency department at Washington Adventist Hospital.
“There are enormous benefits to early detection of a heart attack,” says Dennis Friedman, M.D., medical director of the cardiac catheterization lab at Shady Grove Adventist Hospital. “Rapid diagnosis and treatment means a better chance of survival and a quicker recovery.”