Sami Multi-Pattern Alpaca Ruana
Made in a combination of boucle alpaca and 100% baby alpaca, this ruana has a multi-pattern design. The center has an open knit design and it is adorned with boucle borders.
50" Wide | 30" Front | 29" Back
100% Baby Alpaca & Boucle Alpaca Fiber
Dry Clean | Hand Wash
Made In Huancayo, Peru


text:
Bob Haase’s Another Can of Worms
Finding The Good Things In Life
While paying our property taxes a few weeks ago I thought back to my dad and what he used to say this time of year. He must of have been an optimist because he commented that “this was the best time of the year…. cold weather and taxes”. I think he would have liked this year because it is one of the coldest on record!
I know a few people that always find things to complain about. They seem to find fault with everything. No matter where we eat the food is either over cooked, under cooked, too salty, or it has no taste. Maybe they go through life complaining about everything because they can only see the bad and not the good. I am sure that most people know someone like this. It is easy to find the bad because that is what we normally see and hear in the news.
I think the people that travel and see other cities, states, and countries seem to have a more positive outlook on life. The reason for this is they see many others a whole lot worse off than they are and maybe appreciate what they have. Life isn’t always greener on the other side of the road. Sometimes it might seem better until you get all the facts and realize all the problems they are having.
Sometimes life is what you make it. If you are constantly finding fault, you are probably not as happy as you could be. It has been said that money can’t buy happiness and I believe this to be true. Some people also think that they can buy friends, but true friendship can never be bought. True friendship is something that happens over time and the most valuable asset anyone has is their friends, not their wealth.
Another thing you can’t buy is your health. I realize that being able to afford and pay for quality health care increases your chances of having good health, but you can’t buy a cure for cancer, or other major health problems. There are also things we can do to improve our chances of good health such as not smoking and eating properly, but even this does not guarantee good health.
I often write about things that are bad or wrong, but I also try to write about some of the things that are good. The people that live their lives with their glass half empty are usually never as happy as the people that live their lives with their glass half full. The next time you find yourself complaining about something stop and try to think about something good. As an example, living here in Wisconsin I can walk on water and go ice fishing, and I can’t do that in Florida. See… this cold and snowy winter isn’t that bad after all!
Bob Haase is the host of “Outdoors Thursday” heard Thursday mornings at 9:10 a.m. on News-Talk 1450 KFIZ.

domain: literature


text:
The first time Oliver meets Fagin is when The Artful Dodger takes him away from the bitter cold of London to his den. From the very first time we hear about Fagin, Dickens gives the reader reasons to believe he is an evil, “villainous-looking” man. For example, at the start of chapter 8 we see Fagin “standing over them, with a toasting fork in his hand”. This gives the images of a devil holding a fork in his hand. In addition to this, Dickens gives Fagin the term of “merry old gentlemen” which is also a term for the devil. From this we get the impression Fagin is an ugly man. “His repulsive face was obscured by a quantity of matted red hair” and “he was dressed in a greasy flannel gown”, would give the reader the impression that his face was so awful, you could not bare to look at it. The way he presented himself suggested his hygiene was poor since he was “greasy”.
The character of Fagin is simpering but he also gives the impression of a powerful man. “The Jew grinned, and, making a low obeisance to Oliver, took him by the hand, and hoped he should have the honour of his intimate acquaintance.” The way Fagin “grins” puts over negativity rather than a smile. The Jew believed that Oliver should be “honoured” to be welcomed by his “intimate” contact because of the power he had over the other boys showing that he is very dominant. This illustrates that he is very proud of the children he has brought up to be pickpockets. However, in reality we know that bringing up small boys to steal is something to be frowned upon. Certainly, this shows Fagin is swollen with pride with things of no worth.
Fagin is seen as a child abuser when we examine the way he treats the boys in the den. He allows children of a young age to “smoke long clay pipes, and drink spirits with the air of middle-age men”. This gives the impression that the boys are being robbed of their youth at a very young age. Without a doubt, a humane person would not strip the youngsters of their childhood.
At first Fagin doesn’t want Oliver to know what he is really like. He uses repetition of the word “very” in the context of him being glad to meet Oliver. He also refers to Oliver as “my dear” which is an endearing term. Surely, only a kind-hearted man, who loved children, would refer to a small boy as this. However, we see that the Jew deliberately put Oliver to sleep by drugging him with “a glass of hot gin-and-water”. It would suggest that Fagin wanted Oliver to get a good first impression of him, before it was too late for Oliver, and then he was able to see the real side of him.
Fagin is a liar. Oliver is caught looking at the handkerchiefs, but the Jew reassures him by saying “we’ve just looked ’em out, ready for the wash; that’s all, Oliver”. Clearly, though this is not true, and we find out later in the book that Fagin orders the boys to pickpocket these possessions. This could indicate once again that Fagin wanted to firstly show a different personality that Oliver would like, before he showed his real self. Fagin is very cautious of his belongings and the things which make him feel wealthy. “He turned round and looked at Oliver” to make sure he was not going to be disturbed. He “stepped gently to the door: which he fastened”, demonstrates the precautions he takes, and the fact the he wants to be alone. His selfishness is displayed if he is going to keep all his treasures for himself, especially since he has not really earned them.
Fagin appears a horrible person as he thinks that putting people to death is a good thing. The Jew tells us “What a fine thing capital punishment is! Dead men never repent; dead men never bring awkward stories to light.” He is basically saying that he has got his wealth through other people, and if any of the boys were to find this out, he could just “strung ’em up in a row”. This is an awful image to think that anyone would execute children because they found out the truth.
Fagin is a very angry man. When he realises that Oliver may have seen his treasures there is a “loud crash” which he makes as he closes the lid of the box. His “scowling fiercely” and “threatening attitude” shows that his temper has been released when things don’t go the way he wants. Fagin’s praising of capital punishment when he picks up a “bread knife” and “started furiously up”. This implies that he would murder for wealth because if he found out Oliver had seen him looking at his jewels, and thought that he might tell someone, Oliver would die.
Dickens portrays Fagin as very self-centred since he only thinks of himself. The Jew has all these “pretty things” which he says “They – they’re mine, Oliver; my little property”. This misled Oliver because Fagin said “All I have to live upon in my old age” suggesting that because he is old he is also poor and Oliver would feel sympathy for him. Fagin is a man full of tricks. He tells Oliver after he has seen the contents of his box to get a “pitcher of water”, while the Jew would get a basin for him to wash him. But, “When Oliver turned his head, the box was gone”. This shows that even if Oliver had seen Fagin’s treasures, the Jew didn’t want the boy to know where they were hid. Therefore, he tricked Oliver by hiding the box of treasures when he wasn’t looking.
When Fagin thinks that Oliver has told someone of his trade, we see a violent side to him. For example “The Jew inflicted a smart blow on Oliver’s shoulders with the club”. The reader is left wondering what fate would have come to Oliver if Nancy had not stopped Fagin at this point. Nancy is a character that has become a thief and a prostitute by Fagin’s teaching. She uses words like “thief”, “devil”, “liar” and “wretch” to describe the Jew. Surely, if Nancy grew up working for Fagin before she was the age of Oliver, it would be true to say that she would know him very well. This would mean that the way she describes Fagin must be accurate.
Now that Fagin has acknowledged Nancy betraying him, he intends to provoke Sikes into killing her. At first he uses a mixture of lies and half-truths to aggravate Sikes and build up his anger. For example, the Jew says “Suppose that lad was to peach – to blow upon us all” to Sikes. He was basically saying what would Sikes do if he were betrayed. “Cried the Jew, his eyes flashing with rage” builds up the tension in the climax probably making Sikes angrier. Fagin is being very manipulative towards Sikes by making him believe something that isn’t fully true.
Fagin puts words into Noah’s mouth while he is half asleep. For instance, “You followed her?’ ‘Yes’ ‘To London Bridge’ ‘Yes”. This suggests Fagin wants to get information out of Noah in a way that would make Nancy seem wrong. It would also make Sikes feel more frustrated by what he believes Nancy has done. Before Fagin is to allow Sikes to kill Nancy he uses euphemism to make sure that he wont get into trouble because he doesn’t want to get his hands dirty. He says “You wont be – too – violent, Bill?” indicating that he wants Sikes to kill her but not involving the law. However he doesn’t want it to sound too obvious that he wants Nancy dead, and is prepared to use self-preservation for that.
In contrast the reader can relate to Fagin. as he looks at the box and takes precautions with his possessions. He “gently” closes the door and “carefully” puts the box on the table. Obviously, if he loves his box, he is going to do all he can to make sure it is not damaged in any way. Any person would do this with a possession that meant a lot to them. When Oliver meets Fagin it is clear to him that the Jew does actually like the children. Oliver sees “His fondness for the Dodger and the other boys”. Even though the Jew gets them to steal for him, he still does like them. It would be true to say that first impressions count. Dickens explains Oliver’s feelings that Fagin is capable of showing affection in some way.


When it comes to the invention of electric discharge machining machine for sinker, you can't afford to overlook these two principles. Because of these two mechanical principles, CNC and EDM are collaborating with each other nowadays to achieve the goal of a high-precision cutting and milling for sinker. Compared with other cutting processes, EDM is prefered by many machining industry in making precise cuttings for sinker due to its low hogging, high finishness and high productivity.
Invention Principle of Electric Discharge Machining Machine For Sinker
Electric discharge machining machine (EDM) involves the use of a voltage-regulated, high-frequency spark to shape an electrode. The sparks generated by the EDM are small in size and are typically emitted by a tool called an anode. These particles are discharged into a workpiece, creating a gap between the workpiece and the tool. This process is called "electric discharge machining" and is a versatile machining process.
An EDM machine uses controlled electric sparks to cut and erode material. The workpiece never touches the electrode, which creates an insulating gap between the workpiece and the electrode. The amount of material removed by each spark is relatively small compared to the area impacted. The process also works well on plastics, as the materials are easily sanded. The electrical discharge machining machine for sinker can be used to manufacture plastics, molds, and a variety of other items.
The EDM works by transferring a small amount of heat energy into a micro-channel. The temperature of the discharge is up to 10000 degrees Fahrenheit. The heat caused by the discharge melts a small portion of the metal material. The metal particles condense into solids and are rapidly taken away by the working fluid. The workpiece is left with a tiny pit mark. The electrodes are then suspended, and the working fluid returns to its insulating state.
The electrode and workpiece are immersed in a fluid that has a high temperature. The working fluid charges the discharge gap with a pulse of voltage and then bursts the working fluid. The workpiece and electrode are separated by a gap the width of a human hair. As the workpiece is melted, the working liquid takes the metal particles away. After the workpiece is melted, a small pit mark is left on the surface of the workpiece.
The electrical discharge machining machine for sinker has been in use for more than a decade. The EDM can be used for a variety of applications and has a high level of versatility. It uses a series of electrodes, which is pressed into the workpiece. The electrodes are in contact with the workpiece at the bottom of the tool and are pressed into the workpiece. Each pulse erodes a tiny amount of metal. The entire process is repeated over, allowing it to create complex shapes with complex shapes.
The electric discharge machining machine for sinker is a high-speed machining process. The electrodes are made from graphite or copper. The material is chosen based on its resistance to erosion and its conductivity. Graphite is easier to machine than copper, but copper is stronger and more suitable for sinker EDM. The working fluid holder controls the feeding of the tool electrode to the workpiece.
An EDM is used to size materials. The spark-driven tool electrode is immersed in the working fluid. The working fluid is charged into the discharge gap. The tool is fed through the gap by an automatic control system. The voltage generated by the electrical discharge breaks the working fluid and creates a spark. This action causes the sinker to break and form a hole. The resulting slit is the welded sinker.
The working fluid and the electrode are immersed in an insulating liquid. The EDM cuts the material, which results in a deep hole. The material is abrasive, and the electrode is charged with a high-frequency spark. The slit is connected to an electrically-operated circuit. The workpiece is not contacted. A gap of a few millimeters separates the electrode from the workpiece.
A large amount of heat energy is instantaneously concentrated within the micro-channel of the discharge. The discharge can reach a temperature of up to 10000 °C. This vaporized metal is melted into the working fluid. It quickly condenses into solid metal particles and is removed from the workpiece. Once the workpiece is cooled, the resulting hole is a pit.
To sum up, we can see that the principle of EDM is to induce electric arc to melt the metal surface and form a characteristic pore feature on the article surface to increase surface roughness. And it can be seen that this principle is used in CNC as well as in other types of EDM machine. Thus, CNC has a strong foundation for establishing its building standard on the basis of EDM machine .


text:
Rihanna will be officially joining the big leagues this June as a she receives the CFDA award, joining the ranks of other recipients such as Iman, Lady Gaga, Nicole Kidman and Kate Moss.
Love her or hate her, Riri is the ONLY one in my opinion that can take a pair of silk pajamas (see below) and make them wearable. Everything this lady puts on just works for her so don’t try this at home kids 😉
Her style has inspired millions and “has had an impact on popular culture on an international stage” hence the prestigious Fashion Icon Award.
From Barbados to the world stage, Rihanna will be sure to keep inspiring designers and us all for many, many, many years to come. Bravo Riri!!
Here’s a look at Rihanna’s style over the years.
Do you dig it?

domain: news


text:
At the final hearing, the Air Force Chief of Staff, Gen. John P. Jumper, warned the panel not to meddle with USAF’s recommendations. The package of changes, he said, “represents the last opportunity we will have for a generation to reset our forces.” Governors and state adjutants general have besieged the commission in opposition to USAF plans to close or realign ANG facilities. A chief complaint has been that the Air Force did not consult the states, leading the commission to obtain a ruling from Justice, which sided with DOD.
Details Murky as ARRW Falls Short in Second Test
March 24, 2023
The second all-up flight of the AGM-183A Air-Launched Rapid Response Weapon on March 13 fell short of a fully successful test, but the Air Force isn’t saying what went wrong with the Lockheed Martin-built hypersonic missile. The defense giant's Missiles and Fire Control division recently said the ARRW is "ready…


PUBLIC NOTICE – PROPOSED BY-LAW #1203-10-11 A BY-LAW TO AMEND SCHEDULE “A” OF A BY-LAW TO REGULATE WATER, SANITARY AND STORM SEWER SYSTEMS
Sections 15 and 70 of the Local Governance Act state that a Municipality may, rather than reading a by-law in its entirety, give public notice and read a by-law summary prior to enactment.
The Town of Sussex intends to read a summary of the proposed by-law instead of reading the by-law in its entirety at the regular meeting of Council on February 21, 2023. The purpose of this by-law is to establish a schedule of fees for the water and sewer systems in Ward 1 of Sussex.
The proposed by-law may be examined at the office of the Clerk between 9:00am and 5:00pm, Monday through Friday at the Town Office, located at 524 Main Street, Sussex NB.
SUMMARY BY-LAW 1203-10-11
A. The by-law is titled A By-Law To Amend Schedule “A” Of A By-Law To Regulate Water, Sanitary And Storm Sewer Systems .
B. The purpose of this by-law is to establish a schedule of fees for water and sewer services in Ward 1 of Sussex.
C. The sections of the by-law are:
- EFFECTIVE DATE
- CONVERSION FACTORS
- WATER RATES
- METER TESTING
- PRIVATE SPRINKLER SYSTEMS & HYDRANT CONNECTIONS
- SANITARY SEWER RATES
- NON-METERED WATER & WASTEWATER USER UNIT TABLES
- STANDARD CHARGES
- PLURAL OR FEMININE TERMS
- BY-LAW REPEALED


|Name: Agility |
|Expansion: Age of Destruction|
|Unit Type: Gear ||Attaches to: Melee|
Provides Square Agility SE. This gear may be used with this unit's other non-Agility damage special equipment.
please email me if this data is incorrect.
Special Equipment Card


text:
Powell scores 17 and Seton Hall wears down Marquette
NEW YORK (AP) -- Myles Powell scored 17 points and capped a 17-2 second-half spurt with an unusual 3-pointer as defending champion Seton Hall continued its good play at Madison Square Garden with an 82-76 win over Marquette in the quarterfinals of the Big East Tournament on Thursday.
The win was the eighth in 10 games for the fifth-seeded Pirates (21-10) and it set up a semifinal matchup with second-ranked and top-seeded Villanova, which ripped St. John's 108-67. The Wildcats swept the fifth-seeded Pirates this season, winning by an average of 26 points.
Angel Delgado overcame two early fouls and finished with 12 points, 16 rebounds and nine -- his 13th consecutive double-double, and his 26th overall. Khadeen Carrington added 19 points, clinching the win from the free throw line, Madison Jones added 13 and Desi Rodriguez had 11.
Andrew Rowsey had 23 points to lead fourth-seeded Marquette (19-12), which is looking for its first NCAA Tournament berth since 2013. Markus Howard hit some late 3-pointers to finish with 16 and Katin Reinhardt had 12 points.

domain: sports


text:
This is my 2nd pregnancy. I miscarried my first last year September. (Had late OHSS and at ~7weeks no more heartbeat)
Both pregnancies we went through ivf because of my blocked Fallopian tube.
I'm today 6 weeks and so excited but there are some symptoms I have and I would love it if you can share your experience and if you have the feedback from your doctor because my appointment is still in 6days and I'm curious/scared/nervous...
1. Insomnia - I cannot sleep much and when I do I sleep for 3-5 hours. I try to take naps during the day because of it... have you experienced this and is this normal? I'm just worried this will have impact on my baby.
2. Tonight I woke up 3am shivering uncontrollably and had to move over to my husband to get warm. It took about 5 mins for me to get warm again and now I'm way too warm. I read on the internet that it may be a sign of miscarriage or could be just hormonal or could be low blood pressure... has anyone had the same experience? What did your doc say?
Thanks in advance for your time and feedback!

domain: medical


text:
Los Angeles artist / producer Elohim has released the official video for her new collaboration with Wiz Khalifa on single “FYM.” The video debuted with Apple Music yesterday here. Watch the official video now here.
The song released last month via 12 Tone Music here and stems from a personal story which Elohim describes, “My mom always told me we were rich in love instead of money. It never made sense until now. Love is completely invaluable and the reason we are all here. I am grateful to have Wiz on this record. He embodies a true icon that is full of love.”
Describing the filming of the video, Elohim adds, “I flew in from tour for 24 hours to shoot this video and it was the best experience. such an amazing team and wiz is the kindest soul. sharing love and light is my goal in life, being surrounded by it is a special surprise.”
This May, Elohim released her new EP titled, Braindead, available everywhere now here. The project explores Elohim’s courageous struggle with mental health – a centerpiece of her artistry and songwriting since day 1. The release was timed with the month of May in support of Mental Health Awareness Month and Elohim donated 100% of the May proceeds from the EP to a selection of charities focusing on providing outreach and support for those suffering from mental health issues.


The Corona Del Mar boys lacrosse welcomed itself as a member of the Sunset League with an 18-3 win over Huntington Beach on Wednesday at Huntington Beach High School.
“We had a plan coming in, to play hard and do what we do and they executed it pretty well. I was proud of the kids,” Sea Kings coach G.W. Mix said.
From the opening faceoff, the undefeated Sea Kings were in no danger, as they dominated possession and didn’t allow the Oilers to get a shot off in the opening quarter.
In the first half altogether, the Sea Kings held the Oilers to only one shot, which was saved by Kyle Cord‘s foot. With the Sea Kings leading 11-0 at halftime, Mix pulled Cord, who only had one save and replaced him with Brandon Stollar, who also registered one save.
The Oilers broke the Sea Kings’ shut out aspirations, as Dylan MacDonald scored at 7:35 mark of the third quarter.
Logan Ip and Ty Caffarelli each had three goals for Corona Del Mar while Richard Eusey, Simon Hall and Winston Bowyer each had two goals. Ryan Rector, Lucas Newton, Kyle Mix, Patrick Reilly, Tate Jackson and Tommy Bethel all scored once for the Sea Kings.
Wednesday’s game was a bit historic for the Sea Kings. The Sea Kings returned to league play after six years as an independent. They were members of the Pacific Coast League until they decided to go independent in 2012. The consensus is that lacrosse will become a CIF playoff sport next season and the CIF format places a much greater emphasis on league play than the current format.
For Huntington Beach, MacDonald, Matt Tabert and Brody MacDonald each had one goal for the Oilers, who got 13 saves from Louis Penaflor. Coach Mix admired the goalie play from Penaflor.
While the Oilers didn’t win, one highlight for the Oilers was that Brody MacDonald’s goal was strongly shot, it went through the net.
Up next for the Sea Kings (6-0), another league game at home against Marina today, For the Oilers (5-2), they have another league game on Friday at Newport Harbor.


US 3122215 A
Abstract available in
Claims available in
Description (OCR text may contain errors)
Feb. 25, 1964 RESONANT, ACOUSTICAL BOOSTER WITH AIR DAMPING Filed Feb. 5, 1962 INVENTOR. fuas/va (5 507mm United States Patent Ofiice 3,122,215 Patented Feb. 25, 1964 3,122,215 RESUNANT, ACOUSTICAL BOOSTER WKTH AIR DAMPING Eugene E. Sutton, 4612 Long Branch, San Diego, Calif. Filled Feb. 5, 1962, Ser. No. 171,140 9 Ciaims. (Cl. 1181-31) This invention relates to sound reproducing systems, and more particularly to an improved reflex-type resonant chamber for loudspeakers and the like wherein sounds produced at its center are also reproduced at its ends to develop composite sounds of greater realism than has heretofore been possible.
As is well known, many forms of loudspeaker systems have been developed in which it is endeavored to improve the tonal qualities of sound emanating from a loudspeaker. In this connection, considerable time, effort and expense have been devoted to the development of cabinet systems which utilize sound emitted from the back of a speaker cone to re-enforce sound emanating from the front of the cone.
Typically, back loaded speaker systems are those in which a speaker is mounted in an opening in one wall of a cabinet, and facing outwardly therefrom. Within the cabinet, bailies are arranged to force the air fluctuations directly behind the speaker to travel along a path of predetermined length before reaching an outlet. Sound emanating from such outlets adds to that produced by the front of the cone.
Conventionally, the length of the path within the cabinet is chosen to assure that it will act as a resonator at a desired low frequency, at which the speaker by itself cannot move enough air to maintain uniform base response. At its resonant frequency, the reflux enclosure within the cabinet inverts the phase of the sound from the rear of the cone, adding it to that produced by the front of the cone. The enclosure also loads the speaker acoustically, reducing cone movement and distortion.
As those skilled in the art are Well aware, reflex speaker systems heretofore developed are generally characterized as unduly complex cabinet structures, in which elaborate pains are taken to install sound absorbing and/or refleeting materials of supposedly correct dimensions at strategic locations in order to minimize distortion in an attempt to produce a high fidelity speaker system. All of this, of course, results in an unduly bulky and expensive speaker system.
Furthermore, despitc such expense and precautions, it is generally recognized that the tonal qualities of socalled high fidelity speaker systems leave much to be desired. While the ultimate goal is to effect a reproduction of sounds in such a manner that the listener is made to feel that he is in the presence of the source of the original sounds, attempts to attain this objective with prior art reflex speaker systems have failed. In such systems as heretofore known, it cannot be ascertained, for example, whether a beat note of low frequency is being made by a bass tuba, bass drum or bass viol, i.e., the discriminating listener can perceive only that it is a low frequency note, but cannot be certain What type of instrument created such a note.
It is an object of this invention to provide an improved sound resonator that overcomes the above and other disadvantages of the prior art.
It is another object of this invention to provide an improved reflex-type loudspeaker system, in which sounds created by both the front and back of a speaker cone are combined in a manner to obtain a degree of realism not heretofore made possible with such speaker systems of the prior art.
It is another object of this invention to provide a unique reflex-type loudspeaker system comprising a minimum number of component parts of simple design and rugged construction, capable of reliable operation to produce tones and overtones for greater realism over a wider frequency range than has heretofore been possible with speaker systems of the prior art.
The above and other objects and advantages of my invention will become apparent from the following de scription taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of illustrative embodiments thereof, in which:
FIGURE 1 is a perspective view of a straight resonant pipe showing a loudspeaker cone centrally mounted within the pipe to produce sounds through a central opening in one wall thereof, showing ports adjacent the opposite ends of the pipe in the same wall through which to project sounds created by the back of the speaker cone, and also showing a bulge in the center of the pipe in the vicinity of the speaker cone to insure the operation of the system in accordance with my invention;
FIGURE 2 is a longitudinal sectional View of the pipe 7 of FIGURE 1, showing more clearly the central internal construction of the pipe; and
FIGURE 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of a folded pipe system in accordance with my invention, to illustrate the further utility of my invention in achieving compactness of form, and to further aid in understanding the variety of forms embraced by my invention.
Referring to FIGURES l and 2, there is shown an elongated, hollow pipe 10 that has a central opening 11 in one wall 12 thereof. Within a central portion of the pipe 10, aloudspeaker structure 13 [is secured to the interior of the wall 12 so that the loudspeaker cone, indicated at 14 in FIGURE 1, faces the opening 11.
At the extreme ends of the pipe 10, openings 15 are provided in the wall 12 through which to propagate sounds created by the back of the speaker cone. The openings 11 and 15 are preferably disposed along parallel axes. Thus, sounds emanate from the pipe '10 through openings that are all facing in the same direction. As will be seen, this arrangement facilitates stacking of a number of pipes in a multiple speaker system so that all openings through which sound emanate are facing in the same direction. Furthermore, and most important, the directing of sounds from all openings in the same direction gives the listener an all out front sensation in that he is made to feel that he is seated in front of the source of the sound.
The dimensions of the pipe 10 are extremely important in providing a degree of realism not heretofore possible with sound'reproduoing systems. In this connection, a speaker system in accordance with my invention is arranged to insure that the volume of the air space directly behind the speaker structure 13 is the same as the volume of any other portion of the pipe of the same length. To this end, the wall 16 of the pipe 10 opposite the wall '12 is bulged, as indicated at 16', to effectively replace the space taken up by the speaker structure 13-.
In addition, the length of the pipe 10 is chosen so that the distance between the center of the speaker and either of the ports 15 is only one-half the length of a pipe in which sound created at one end is caused to be emanated from the other end. For example, for a single length of pipe in which a speaker cone is mounted in one end to cause sound to be exhausted from the opposite end,'a pipe of approximately 7 feet in length is needed to resonate at 40 cycles per second. On the other hand, for the center-excited system of my invention to be resonant at that frequency, only half that length is needed from the center of the speaker to each port.
Still further, the amplitude of sound radiated at the bass resonant frequency from each port is halved in a speaker system of my invention, i.e., halved with respect to a pipe in which sounds from the back of the speaker are created at one end and projected from the opposite end. Therefore, interference at the lower frequencies with the radiation from the front of the speaker cone is minimized. It is for this reason that the ports may be terminated at the front of the system and in the same plane as the speaker cone. Thus, it is necessary in my invention that only one surf-ace of a cabinet construction has any openings therein.
In addition, I have found that, for any given length of the pipe 19, and wherein the pipe is bulged as previously described, I am able to achieve a desired degree of damping, and maintain high efficiency and good, crisp reproduction, by limiting the size of the pipe. As previously indicated, it is known that the pipe enclosure loads the speaker acoustically, reducing cone movement and distortion. However, such damping as is obtained in prior art systems is achieved by dimensioning passageways without regard to any predetermined relationships among such factors as the space taken up by the speaker structure, the space to be added to the interior of the pipe, and the dimensions of the remainder of the pipe.
I have found that for best results, the cross-sectional area of any portion of the pipe outside the vicinity of the speaker structure varies from to of the crosssectional area of the speaker as measured at its mouth. Although, by way of example, the invention is illustrated and described for a pipe having a rectangular crosssectional configuration, it is to be understood that the invention is not so limited, and the pipe may have any desired cross-sectional shape such as circular, elliptical, hexagonal, etc.
While the theory of operation of my system to achieve its unique results may not be precisely defined, it has been found that my center-loaded pipe structure lends itself to maximum critical damping, which even further enhances its tonal quality, presence and natural timbre of reproduced musical sounds, and without the usual losses in efficiency found in previous systems. Also, the high damping factors permissible in my invention cannot be tolerated in prior art speaker systems, wherein efficiency falls off rapidly.
It is believed that my system is unique in that the center-loaded resonant pipe allows within the pipe and at the external surface to communicate with the free atmosphere to sustain the ultimate in critical damping and still maintain a high ratio of undistorted acoustical power output to speaker cone amplitude ctf travel. This is believed to be due in part to utilizing or reclaiming the same air for sound propagation that is used for damping, coupled with the high efficiency of the resonant pipe and the reflex action of the sounds from the ports added to the sounds from the front of the speaker cone.
As for the more exact reproduction of the original sound waves (however complex) which I claim for my invention, this is believed to be accomplished by confining the rarefication and compression of air in the pipe until it communicates with the ports or open ends of the pipe so that the sound propagation coincides with the original sound timbre (instead of being exhausted into a large hollow area, closed or partially open, where it can expand and lose the original snap or timbre). The action of the front of the cone is a reflection of the action within the pipe and is therefore controlled by the pipe and radiates the same lifelike timbre that is dictated by the center-excited, air damped resonant pipe.
In further elaboration on my theory, damping is at a at low audio excitation and increases in step as audio power input is increased. This is fully automatic and works in much the same way as, and is analogous to negative feedback in an audio amplifier. Also, in my resonant pipe system, heavy duty magnets to provide high flux density for the voice coil are unnecessary. Only a small percentage of the usual required magnetism is needed for sensitivity and a maximum amount of audio input capabilities.
Tests on actual structures demonstrate the superiority of my invent-ion over reflex-type speaker systems of the prior art. Such tests reveal that for small speakers, e.g., 4-in. x 6-in. oval speakers and 5-inch round speakers, my system exhibits a flat response throughout the desired range, and is easily capable of extending the bass response of such small speakers down to a usable frequency of less than 35 cycles per second.
The bulging of the pipe above described is effected for straight pipes, i.e., unfolded pipes. In folded enclosures, the space occupied by the speaker structure is compensated for by merely positioning and spacing partitions forming the passageways in a proper manner. Such a folded structure is illustrated in FIGURE 3.
Referring to FIGURE 3, a box-like cabinet 20 is shown wherein the speaker structure 13 is mounted in a central opening 21 in one outer wall panel 22 of the cabinet. Spaced inner partitions or baffles 23, 24- extend from the inner surface of the panel 22 adjacent the rim of the speaker structure 13, and additional outer partitions 25, 26 extending from the panel 22 are spaced the same distances from the partitions 23, 24.
The bottom panel supports partitions 31, 32, 33 that extend, respectively, midway between the partitions 23- 2d, 225, and '25-26. Thus, the center partition 32 extends along the axis of the speaker structure 13. As shown, the center partition 32 extends from the panel 3t? to the innermost portion of the speaker structure 13.
End panels 35, 36 extend between the ends of the panels 22, 3d. The lengths of the panels 22, 3d are such that the end panels 35, 36 are spaced the same distances from the adjacent partitions 23, 26. The end panels 35, 36 and all of the partitions are the same width, so that their edges abut side panels (not shown) of the cabinet 2%. Furthermore, the inner ends of the partitions other than the center partition 32 are spaced the same distances from the adjacent panels 22, 3b. In this manner, a labyrinth is formed on each side of the partition 32, so that sound created by the rear movements of the speaker cone 14 travel around the inner ends of the partitions away from the speaker and toward the ends of the cabinet 2%.
The panel 22 is provided with openings or ports 37 at the tops of the passages defined by the end paneis 35, 36 and the adjacent partitions 23, 26. The speaker structure thus formed is effectively a compact form of an elongated pipe that is folded back and forth, with its ends terminating in the plane of the mouth of the speaker structure 13. Sounds created by the back movements of the speaker cone 14 are thus caused to emanate from the acoustically remote openings 37 to boost the sounds emanating from the front of the speaker cone ltd.
In the speaker structure of FIGURE 3, the distances from the end panels 35, 36 to the adjacent partitions 23, as are the same as the distances between the partitions 31, 3-5 and the partitions on either side thereof. /Al1 partitions comprising the total pipe length are evenly spaced, and all are of the same length except the center partition 3 The length of the center partition is determined by the depth of t e speaker. In this latter connection, the center partition 32. preferably is a panel extending all the way between the front and rear panels 732, 3d and is provided with a substantially V-shaped notch to accommodate the speaker. There is suflicient clearance between the innermost portion of the speaker structure and the bottom of the notch to allow an air space through the back of the speaker. The cross scctional area of this clearance space, plus the cross-sectional area of the space taken up by the speaker structure in the center partition 32, is equal to the cros -sectional area of any space between the ends of the partitions and the adjacent panel's. Thus, there is provided a uniform cross-sectional area from. one end of the pipe to the other.
At each of the openings 37 in my speaker structure, the cross-sectional area may be equal to the cross-section of any portion of the pipe, or as much as 20%25% less than the crosssection of the pipe. Varying the sizes of the openings varies the port damping, and making the openings smaller increases bass response slightly at very low sound levels. The total cross-section of both openings 37 is equal to 40%50% of the usable cone area in a critically damped system, as opposed to 90%- 95% in a normal pipe.
The interior walls of a speaker enclosure of my invention preferably are smooth and rigid. The materials used for the construction may vary as desired, both in type and thickness. iowever, all parts preferably are rigid, and are characterized in that sounds will not pass through the walls and partitions but only along their surfaces. In this connection, I have found it unnecessary to use quantities of sound absorbent padding and the like in my speaker system.
From the foregoing, it will be apparent that although I have illustrated and described particular embodiments of my invention, it will be apparent that various modifications can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention. It embraces the use of any vibratable device for producing sounds, even including a simple membrane installed flush with a Wall of the enclosure. Further, my invention works as efficiently and well as a transducer, and is especially useful where small area cones or diaphragms are used. Accordingly, I do not intend that my invention be limited, except as by the appended claims.
1. In sound reproducing apparatus, the combination of: a hollow member having a pair of spaced openings disposed along parallel axes, said hollow member also having a central opening disposed along an axis parallel to and midway between said pair of openings; a sound producing membraneous element within a portion of said hollow member and attached to said hollow member at said central opening, said element being adapted to direct sound Waves outwardly and inwardly of said central opening, said hollow member being a conduitto direct the inwardly directed sound waves through said pair of openings,said hollow member also having a shape such that any portions of said member'which are of the same length as that portion of said member including said element are of the same volume. 2. Sound reproducing apparatus comprising: a hollow element having a central opening in one wall portion thereof; a loudspeaker structure mounted within said element on said one wall portion and having a cone facing said opening; and a pair of hollow pipes extending from and communicating with said element, each pipe being dimensioned so that any portion thereof of the same length as said element occupies the same volume as the space in said element that is not occupied by said loudspeaker structure, said pipes having respective openings in the outer ends thereof.
3. Sound reproducing apparatus as defined in claim 2, wherein said openings are all in the same plane.
4. Sound reproducing apparatus as defined in claim 2,
wherein said element and said pipes are coaxial, and wherein said openings are all in the same plane.
5. Sound reproducing apparatus comprising: a loudspeaker structure supporting a cone; and a hollow element of predetermined length supporting said loudspeaker structure therein adjacent the center portion of one wall thereof, said element having a central opening in said one wall of substantially the same dimensions as the mouth of said cone, the portions of said element on either side of said central opening being of uniform crosssection, the portion of said element between said loudspeaker structure and the Wall portion opposite said one wall having the same volume as in any other portion of the same length as said center portion.
6. Sound reproducing apparatus as set forth in claim 5, wherein the cross section of said portions of said element on either side of said loudspeaker structure have a crosssectional area in the range of twenty percent to twenty-five percent of the cross-sectional area of the mouth of said cone.
7. An acoustic booster system comprising: a loudspeaker structure including a cone; and a hollow element of predetermined length supporting said loudspeaker structure therein adjacent the center portion of one wall thereof, said elements having a central opening in said one wall of substantially the same dimensions as the mouth of said cone, the portions of said element on either side of said central opening being of uniform cross-section, the portion of said element between said loudspeaker structure and the wall portion opposite said one wall having the same volume as in any other portion of the same length as said center portion, the crosssection of the portions of said hollow element on either side of saidloudspeaker structure being no greater than twenty-five percent of the cross-section of the mouth of said cone.
8. Acoustic boost means comprising: a pipe of predetermined length having a central opening and end openings, said central and end openings being in the same wall portion of said pipe; sound-producing means including a membraneous element and magnetic means for actuating said element to cause sounds to be emanated from opposite surfaces thereof, said structure being mounted within said pipe with said element positioned to cause sounds created by one surface to be projected through said central opening; and a hollow extension from the wall portion opposite said central opening, the volume defined by said hollow extension being equal to the volume within said pipe that is occupied by said element.
9. Acoustic boost means as defined in. claim 8, wherein the cross-section of said pipe is less than twenty-five percent of the cross-section of said central opening.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,491,982 Kincart Dec. 20, 1949 2,852,087 Buschhaupt Sept. 16, 1958 FOREIGN PATENTS 968,490 Germany Feb. 27, 1958


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The Mission of CAO is to:
- Support its members in their pursuit of excellence during their practice of orthodontics
- Promote the values of ethical practice as defined by the American Association of Orthodontists
- Advocate for its members in issues related to professional governance and regulation
- Provide continuing educational opportunities for its members
- Encourage the public to seek an orthodontic specialist when considering comprehensive orthodontic treatment.


By John Lee.
China's Dongfang Electric Corp. has completed the first of 10 high speed, desert modified diesel trains at a ceremony attended by Iraq's ambassador to China, Railway Gazette reports.
The trains were ordered in 2012, a year after Iraq announced plans for a Basra to Baghdad high speed rail route, an initiative that does not seem to have materialized.
But the ten new trains, capable of 160 km/h, will bring the dream of a regular fast service between Basra and Baghdad closer to reality.
Each "train set" comes with two diesel engines and eight carriages with a capacity of almost 400 passengers and will be run by Iraqi Republic Railways.
Perhaps it is with sensible foresight that in addition to on board fault diagnostic systems, each train has been specially modified to cope with Iraq's notoriously dusty conditions.
(Source: Railway Gazette)
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COVINA – They may have been made out of cardboard, but the cars that lined up in the Manzanita Elementary School playground Tuesday turned heads.
The cars were the joint work of kindergartners and their fathers, many of whom took pride in their work and admired the efforts of others.
They included a fire truck, complete with chrome bumpers, an army truck with a makeshift missile launcher and one car that featured a likeness of teen pop star Justin Bieber on its hood.
“It was like a showcase of exotic cardboard cars,” parent Dora Penunuri said. “It’s embarrassing to get into my own car.”
Penunuri’s daughter was one of the kindergartners who looked to her dad for help with the project.
“He sent us to Home Depot to get a few things and when we came back he had his work of art,” Penunuri said.
That work of art was a purple car, complete with pink fuzzy dice, a skull and cross bones on its hood and a pink leopard-print interior.
Frank Penunuri, however, was quick to point out that he had help painting the car purple.
“It brought everybody together,” he said.
The project was intended to give the kindergartners something they could work on with their dads, while also providing them hands on experience with the geometric shapes they learned in class, kindergarten teacher Amy Dahl said.
Dahl said she started the project in her classroom about five years ago, and it has since expanded to include the entire grade level.
“People in Southern California love car shows,” Dahl said. “I just thought it was kind of a fun way to bring the math concepts together.”
626-962-8811, ext. 2477

domain: artistic


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Severe weather warning as ‘violent tornado’ touches down in Missouri
‘More dangerous severe weather’ is forecast, according to public safety officials.
A “violent tornado” has touched down in Missouri, causing heavy damage, according to the US National Weather Service.
The service reported that a “confirmed large and destructive tornado” was observed over Jefferson City at 11.43pm on Wednesday, moving north east at 40mph. The capital city is 130 miles west of St Louis.
No fatalities have been reported but Jefferson City Police Lieutenant David Williams said emergency services have received multiple calls of people being trapped in their homes.
“It’s a chaotic situation right now,” Mr Williams said. “We need people who are not affected to stay out of those areas.”
He spoke from the county sheriff’s office, where debris such as insulation, roofing shingles and metal pieces lay on the ground outside the front doors.
Power outages were reported in parts of the city.
“More dangerous severe weather — tornadoes and flash flooding — expected overnight,” the Missouri Public Safety agency tweeted.
The National Weather Service said it had received 22 reports of tornadoes by late on Wednesday evening, although some of those could be duplicate reporting of the same twister.
One tornado skirted a few miles north of Joplin, Missouri, on the eighth anniversary of a catastrophic tornado that killed 161 people in the city.
The Arkansas River is approaching historic highs, while the already high Missouri and Mississippi rivers were again rising after a multi-day stretch of storms that produced dozens of tornadoes.
Forecasters predicted parts of Oklahoma, Missouri and Kansas could see more severe weather into Thursday.
Two barges broke loose and floated swiftly down the swollen Arkansas River in eastern Oklahoma on Wednesday, spreading alarm downstream as they threatened to hit a dam.
The emergency was the latest consequence of storms and torrential rains that have ravaged the Mid West, from Texas through Oklahoma, Kansas, Nebraska, Iowa, Missouri and Illinois.
Authorities urged residents of several small towns in Oklahoma and Kansas to leave their homes as rivers and streams rose.
On Wednesday evening, a posting on the town’s official Facebook page sounded the alarm about the runaway barges for its 600 residents: “Evacuate Webbers Falls immediately. The barges are loose and has the potential to hit the lock and dam 16. If the dam breaks, it will be catastrophic!! Leave now!!”
There was no word by midnight on Wednesday where the barges were on the river, but local television stations showing live video of the river and the lock and dam said they had not yet arrived.
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domain: design


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from the world's big
Feeling AI Anxiety? 41% of Americans Fear Getting Replaced by Tech
Is AI a job booster or job killer? 41% of Americans fear getting replaced by AI, automation, and digitization, according to a new survey by SelectHub. What does this mean for the future of work? The survey also found that Gen Xers were most likely to be concerned and that certain industries were more worried than others.
"The factory of the future will have only two employees, a man and a dog. The man will be there to feed the dog. The dog will be there to keep the man from touching the equipment." -Warren Bennis
41% of Americans fear getting replaced by AI, automation, and digitization. This is according to new survey results by SelectHub, a "Technology Selection Management" company based in Colorado. The survey captured how professionals feel their jobs will be impacted by disruptive innovation, and what they would do if they lost their job AI, automation, or digitization.
Is advancing tech a job booster or a job killer?
As the survey of 2,000 professionals makes clear, the fear of getting replaced is not spread equally across professions. Certain industries and generations were more optimistic than others.
Industries that have been rocked by disruption, such as publishing and retail, have a higher percentage of professionals that fear being replaced. Retailers, for example, have struggled with consumers who browse in physical showrooms while buying the product cheaper online. It is hard to have the lowest price as a retailer when you have significant overhead. Amazon's push towards quicker times from checkout-to-doorstep, such as through drones, will only add greater pressure on brick-and-mortar retail.
Gen Xers Are Most Likely to Fear Getting Replaced
Gen Xers, at 46%, were the generation that most feared being replaced by tech disruption. This may stem from the fact that they are a sandwich generation in many ways: stuck between Baby Boomers that would retire early if they lost their job and Millennials that may be more flexible with career fluidity.
50% of Gen Xers stated that they would need to get a job in a different industry if they lost their current position through AI, automation, or digitization.
This concern doesn't jive with the premise that tech disruption creates a net positive (or at least neutral) for future positions when eliminating current positions. One of the most contentious debates right now is whether our modern Industrial Revolution will follow past patterns of new job creation (with careers that don't even exist right now), or whether today's upheaval through AI and automation is unique.
When debating the disruption that AI and automation are having and will continue to have in the workplace, people tend to fall into one of three categories:
1. Disruption is good; while certain jobs are being eliminated, many more jobs will be created.
2. Disruption is bad; the rapid advancement of AI and automating jobs has reached a point where companies will need far fewer employees. Increasing productivity and company profits are no longer tied to job growth.
3. Disruption is inevitable; more jobs will be destroyed than created, and we might want to start coming up with a major change to our traditional safety net. It's time to consider a Universal Basic Income.
No matter what category you fall under, it is clear that the fear that advancing tech is having on the workplace is a widespread concern. The fear of getting replaced by a machine far outweighs the fear of offshoring, despite that later being a hot-button political issue.
"So I think there’s a very complicated set of questions here, questions about transitions as we move towards a world in which there’s more automation. It’s a much longer conversation that we’ll have to have over a much longer period of time. So I think this question of automation is actually a bigger deal and I think we got distracted and looked at the offshoring question. Of course that’s real, but a bigger question is what happens to work?"-James Manyika
So, What Happens to Work?
The future really may be like the Jetsons, minus the flying cars. An often overlooked feature of the animated series is that George Jetson only worked about an hour a day, two days a week. His career consisted of typically pushing a single button or series of buttons.
"There is a pretty good chance we end up with a universal basic income, or something like that, due to automation," Elon Musk stated in a CNBC interview in November 2016. "People will have time to do other things, more complex things, more interesting things," Musk continued. "Certainly more leisure time."
Just like George Jetson.
The Jetsons had our idealized version of the future--a life of ample leisure due to automation and hyper-efficiency. Now that the future is here, many of us are wondering if this is what we truly want.
Sallie Krawcheck and Bob Kulhan will be talking money, jobs, and how the pandemic will disproportionally affect women's finances.
Russian astrophysicists propose the Casimir Effect causes the universe's expansion to accelerate.
- Astrophysicists from Russia propose a theory that says dark energy doesn't exist.
- Instead, the scientists think the Casimir Effect creates repulsion.
- This effect causes the expansion of the universe to accelerate.
Gravity Should Slow the Expanding Universe, but Dark Energy Is Speeding It ...

The coronavirus pandemic has brought out the perception of selfishness among many.
- Selfish behavior has been analyzed by philosophers and psychologists for centuries.
- New research shows people may be wired for altruistic behavior and get more benefits from it.
- Crisis times tend to increase self-centered acts.
Paul Krugman on the Virtues of Selfishness

 The Nobel Prize-winning economist on the virtues of selfishness.
Evolution Is Moving Us Away from Selfishness. But Where Is It Taking ...

Exploring Morality and Selfishness in Modern Times

 Philosopher Peter Singer discusses the state of global ethics.
Parenting could be a distraction from what mattered most to him: his writing.
Ernest Hemingway was affectionately called “Papa," but what kind of dad was he?


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Restoration has the potential to help with pressing global threats such as climate change, biodiversity loss, and poverty. For this reason, massive restoration initiatives are underway to recover millions of hectares of forest around the world. Planning is key to achieving restoration goals that respond to ecological and social needs.
Restoration has the potential to help with pressing global threats such as climate change, biodiversity loss, and poverty. For this reason, massive restoration initiatives are underway to recover millions of hectares of forest around the world. Planning is key to achieving restoration goals that respond to ecological and social needs. Site selection for restoration is one of the most important components in restoration planning. Several challenges might arise when selecting restoration sites, such as: management limitations, lack of community engagement, high land degradation degree, and the potential effects of climate change. Achieving restoration goals depends on implementing strategic and adaptable planning to navigate the challenges that a long-term endeavor poses. My research aims to answer questions useful to support restoration practitioners on facing planning challenges. I assess the viability of trees used in restoration under climate change. I will share insights from multiple stakeholders involved in various types of restoration projects. I will help to inform the selection of restoration sites by building prioritization scenarios which incorporate social, ecological and climate mitigation goals. My study sites are in my home country, Ecuador. I hope that my PhD research can help to achieve restoration goals; thus, contributing to mitigating the global threats that we, as humanity, are facing. This work will be possible thanks to the support of my supervisor and collaborators, UBC, and the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) EFN. I have successfully completed the data collection phase. To date, I have had the opportunity to meet with multiple stakeholders. Through this experience, I learned that the major obstacle limiting planners and local authorities from making evidence-based decisions is poor access to scientific literature. The principal barriers are the manuscripts' complexity in terms of clarity, length and language. The papers are written in English, which limits access to people who do not speak the language. For this reason, in 2019, I created the website "RESTAURA CONsCIENCIA". The website features summaries written in Spanish which capture the most important findings of papers originally written in English. The papers are fully cited and there is a link to the journal. This is a side project which has the potential to expand with the support of the PSI and a larger community of students. This tool will support restoration practitioners in making evidence-based decisions for planning, implementing and monitoring restoration initiatives. This will also help scientists to gain visibility, and to unite a larger community of people who may want to join the effort.
What does being a Public Scholar mean to you?
To me, being a Public Scholar is the recognition and confirmation that I succeeded in shaping my academic research in the benefit of the public good with the guidance and support of my committee in UBC. It is also a reminder that I am not an isolated individual aiming to do good for the present and future times to come, but that I am part of a global community of individuals who have the power to improve the condition of our planet.
In what ways do you think the PhD experience can be re-imagined with the Public Scholars Initiative?
All students pursuing a PhD have a strong motivation which drives them to take this challenge. The wide-spreading the goals of the Public Scholars Initiative encourages students and faculty members to find ways to align their research with the broader goals of the initiative, and the most urgent needs of society at this time.
How do you envision connecting your PhD work with broader career possibilities?
My PhD work is giving me the possibility to strengthen skills and to gain a wide range of skills. All this experience will give me the possibility to not only work in academia, but also it will give me the chance to pursue a non-academic job. Yet, the PhD experience is giving me a broader perspective on my limitations. It is coming with humility. This experience has been eye-opening on gaining a wide understanding about the importance of acknowledging the talents in the academic and non-academic community and the value of collaboration. I hope to keep in contact with the people that I met during my fieldwork seasons in Ecuador and during my studies in Canada. I do also hope to keep meeting people to potentially be part of academic and non-academic initiatives in the future.
How does your research engage with the larger community and social partners?
I had the good fortune to initiate the PhD as part of a larger international community of students. Before starting the program, I was selected as a Russell E. Train Fellow of the program Education For Nature (EFN) of the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) for students pursuing degrees in conservation. I have the good fortune to receive funding to finance my fieldwork in Ecuador and some living expenses during my two initial years in the program. Being part of this network gives me the possibility to be in contact with many fellow students and conservationists worldwide. My supervisor supported me during the process of application when I was only a potential student, for which I feel grateful. Over the past two years of the PhD, I had the opportunity to meet with more than a hundred stakeholders, who are policy makers, community members, authorities of national and sectional governments, community leaders and representatives of NGOs. I emphasize the opportunity of collaborating with the local NGO ‘Páramos Tungurahua Fund’ Institution which has done a great job working with various grassroots organizations, and with the National Environmental Ministry of Ecuador which is starting a second initiative of large-scale restoration in the country. At the moment, I am part of a research group with UBC faculty members seeking opportunities for advancing science in restoration. When the opportunities come, the website will be a good communication platform to share these experiences. Currently, the PSI gives me the opportunity to seek collaboration with a larger community of UBC students and faculty members to expand the website project “RESTAURA CONsCIENCIA”. In collaboration with the Professor Cindy Prescott who teaches the course of Ecological Restoration in the Faculty of Forestry, students of the course will have the opportunity to make summaries that can be made available on the website. We hope that other faculty members and students will also join the effort. In the future, we hope that Spanish speakers will also share English summaries of papers initially written in Spanish. We also hope to publish original articles written by students and collaborators. This project will be a community effort.
Why did you decide to pursue a graduate degree?
I had the opportunity to write my dissertation about local land-use planning in a rural district in the Ecuadorian Amazon. I worked with policy makers, community members and local authorities. They shared their knowledge, their needs and hopes. I felt motivated to keep working in planning. Yet, I was also very concerned about climate change and biodiversity loss, so I decided to pursue a graduate degree in conservation biology. After graduating and gaining some work experience, I had time to think about new pathways. The PhD is a great opportunity to combine my interests in working in planning and conservation. Planning restoration is the perfect topic for me.
Why did you choose to come to British Columbia and study at UBC?
I learned about UBC when I started my master’s degree. I enjoyed taking MOOC courses on some popular education platforms, especially a UBC course on climate change literacy. I was delighted by the high quality of the academic content. I also saw some videos of outdoors. I thought that campus and the city were beautiful, and it was accurate. Also, it was great to learn that UBC, and the UBC Faculty of Forestry, are at the top for academic excellence worldwide. The opportunity to jump into this adventure at UBC showed up thanks to the support of many important people to me. I will always feel grateful for this.
Being a Public Scholar is the recognition and confirmation that I succeeded in shaping my academic research in the benefit of the public good. A reminder that I am not an isolated individual but part of a global community of individuals who have the power to improve the conditions of our planet.

domain: geography


Winterbach, November 18, 2023 – The stage at „Strandbar 51“ in Winterbach was set ablaze on November 18th, 2023, as music enthusiasts gathered for an unforgettable night, the Smokin‘ Hot Rock Concert headlined by Lady Volcano & project9
With the esteemed composer, producer, and keyboarder Roman Voronenko, along with the remarkable
bass guitar player Rudi Schürrle, the skilled guitar player Wolfgang Kolassa, the dynamic drummer David Sattler and great back vocalist Thomas Albitz, Lady Volcano presented an evening of musical magic.
The sonic landscape was masterfully crafted by Gideon Eichelgrün, who took charge of the sound production. The visual spectacle was brought to life by Jaron Gimmini and Gessica Iantorno.
A special highlight of the night was the collaboration between Lady Volcano and the singer-songwriter Spellfire JaMaL from Stuttgart. Together, they performed the song „Benz Benz Benz,“ a tribute to their shared hometown of Stuttgart, also known as „Benztown.“ The song pays homage to the city’s rich automotive history, being home to the iconic Daimler-Benz manufacturer.
Lady Volcano’s veil swirls and her charismatic stage presence took center stage the energy in the venue was palpable, and the guests were captivated by the artistry on display.
A special thanks to Uli Lindner, aka U9, the founder of the music project „project9“,who was a VIP guest. He plays a pivotal role in realization of this concert. Also a big thank you to Bernd Bodamer, owner of the „Strandbar 51“.


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Showing Photo About Victorian Style Round Cut Diamond Wedding Engagement Ring In 14K with Regard to Victorian Engagement Rings
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Warangal Collector Amrapali Goes On Trekking Spree Once Again
Warangal: An IAS officer, fond of adventure sports, Warangal Urban district Collector K. Amrapali, on Friday performed yet another feat. She went on a trekking spree along with a group of students on Inuparathi Gutta at Devunur in Dharmasagar mandal in the district. She joined the trekkers who included students and enthusiasts in thick forests and trekked up the hills.
A popular woman Collector in both Telangana and Andhra Pradesh on social media, Amrapali recently did a similar feat along with Mahabubabad District Collector Dr. Preethi Meena at Pedda Gutta in July. They visited Bayyaram mines in Mahabubabad district walking for two miles in a thick forest. The adventure attracted applause as well as some criticism.
Prior to that, Amrapali trekked Pandavula Gutta in Jayashankar Bhupalpally district.


Cities are engines of growth and productivity. In addition, great expectations are set upon these agglomerations to contribute to development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own. Indeed, mainstreaming of sustainability in planning and policy making is inevitable when reflected the current and projected pace of urbanization. However, the widely held association between sustainability and density of urban structure is not well-grounded in the existing empirical evidence. This dissertation studies the relationship between urbanization and sustainability from the aspects of environmental and social sustainability. The knowledge about the environmental sustainability is contributed by studying the relationship between urbanity and direct and indirect consumption-based carbon footprints, both together and separately. And the relationships between urbanity and social sustainability are studied using two measures of subjective well-being, namely, happiness and quality of life. The main contribution is to show that just a limited set of measures is sufficient to reveal discrepancies within and between the studied sustainability measures. In addition, a framework of urban sustainability and multiple related factors is constructed to visualize the complexity of the concept. Finally, it is argued that urban sustainability should be understood as a contested concept, inevitably characterized by trade-offs and discrepancies. In other words, there seems to be no unambiguous urbanization gradient in sustainability. The contribution of the dissertation is two-fold. First, it provides empirical evidence about the relationships between urbanity and the specific measures studied, using a high-quality data at disaggregated individual or household level. Second, it criticizes the shallow grounds of many urban sustainability statements by showing the limited power of the degree of urbanity, and even more so, the limited leverage of urban policies in determining sustainability outcomes. Even though transportation and housing choices of the residents can be influenced to some extent, urbanization is a multidimensional and multi-locational process related to deep reaching socioeconomic changes that are harder to influence. The conclusions of the dissertation call for keeping in mind the wide scope of urbanization, setting the power of planning to its proportion, and moving towards more human-centric approach to urban planning. The aim is not to dispute the importance of sustainable urbanization, but to underscore its complex nature and call for more ambitious urban sustainability policies that are more than rhetoric based on overoptimistic assumptions.
|Translated title of the contribution||Kestävät kaupungit? Alueelliset erot kasvihuonekaasupäästöissä ja koetussa hyvinvoinnissa|
|Publication status||Published - 2017|
|MoE publication type||G5 Doctoral dissertation (article)|
- environmental sustainability
- social sustainability
- GHG emissions
- subjective wellbeing


We guess someone wants more TITillating ta-tas!
The MTV reality star has recently launched a page on MyFreeImplants.com, where she’s hoping to raise funds to get her boobies done.
So we’ve learned two things today.
1) There’s a Kickstarter-type website devoted exclusively to implants, and…
2) Mackenzie’s motivation to go under the knife — on your dime — is TOTES legit.
The fit momma wants to make her body more proportionate, and also win more bikini competitions. Super valid, no?
The 20-year-old hasn’t pinched many pennies yet, since she’s only got about $20 out the $5,000 she needs to afford that Beverly Hills surgeon she’s got on call.
What do U think? Will Mackenzie be able to fund her boob job with YOUR money?
SOUND OFF in the comments!
[Image via Mackenzie McKee/Instagram.]


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I’ve an eight-month-old Shih Tzu and have had it since it was eight weeks old but am finding it very difficult to house train him. Any advice?
I have two small dogs but now my aunt wants me to take her dog as she is being miserable with the kids. Is it a good idea?
How can I prevent my dog getting fleas?
At what age should a Labrador stop teething and chewing everything around him. He is 10 months and is walked five miles a day.
My dog has cataracts on his eyes. My vet quoted me 2000 euro per eye. It seems very expensive. Is that right?

domain: pet


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domain: entertainment


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Typically, when an employee makes a claim for common law wrongful dismissal damages, he or she is required to make reasonable efforts to mitigate their damages. Mitigation often requires the employee to try and attain another job in the period after their dismissal. Any income earned within the common law reasonable notice period may be deducted from the total damages that the employer would otherwise have to pay, and, if an employee did not make a reasonable attempt to mitigate, the employer’s damages may be reduced by the amount the employee would have reasonably earned, had the employee mitigated.
The Court of Appeal’s decision in Brake v. PJ-M2R Restaurant Inc. marks a significant shift in the interpretation of this principle.
In this decision, Ontario’s highest court chose not to deduct any monies from an employee’s damages award when she took a job that was far inferior – both with respect to compensation and prestige — from the job she previously held before termination.
Esther Brake was a long-serving employee of McDonald’s. In 1999, after working at McDonald’s in Newfoundland, she was hired as a restaurant manager by PJ-M2R at a McDonald’s franchise in Ottawa.
From 2000 to 2010, Brake – who also worked as a cashier at Sobey’s – received a rating of “excellent” or better in all of her annual performance evaluations.
In August 2012, after a series of negative performance reviews, Brake was given a choice between accepting the lesser position of “First Assistant” and being fired. Brake refused to accept the demotion, saying that it would be humiliating to report to younger and less experienced people who she had trained and supervised.
At the age of sixty-two, Brake left her job. She commenced an action against PJ-M2R for wrongful dismissal.
Brake continued to work at Sobey’s and applied for several jobs, eventually accepting a position at Home Depot at a wage of $12.50 per hour, a marked decrease from her salary at McDonald’s.
As we discussed in our 2016 blog McNotice of 20 Months for Constructive Dismissal, the trial judge found that the complaints about Brake’s performance did not amount to cause for dismissal and set a notice period of twenty months, with no amounts deducted for mitigation for her income earned at Sobey’s and Home Depot. Brake was awarded $104,499.33 plus pre-judgment interest and costs.
Relying on the historical principles regarding mitigation of damages, PJ-M2R submitted that Brake’s refusal to accept the position of First Assistant amounted to a failure to mitigate, and that her earnings from the jobs she held during the notice period should be deducted from any damages award.
The Court of Appeal disagreed.
The Court held that Brake was not obliged to accept the demotion in order to mitigate her damages, upholding the trial judge’s finding that the lesser position would have been humiliating for Brake, and therefore not something that a reasonable person would accept
With respect to deductions, the Court of Appeal made three key findings:
- Employees’ income earned during the statutory notice period will not be deducted;
- Employees’ income earned from employment that was, at one point, simultaneous with income earned from the terminating employer, will not be deducted so long as that employer permitted such simultaneous employment; and,
- Employees’ income earned from new employment that is far inferior to their previous employment will not be deducted if it was accepted out of necessity.
The Court upheld previous decisions where it was determined that income earned during the statutory notice period is not considered mitigation earnings: Brake was entitled to receive her full statutory entitlements even if she secured a new full-time job right after PJ-M2R terminated her employment. Further, Brake’s income from Sobey’s was not deductible because she had worked there while working full-time for PJ-M2R and, as such, that income should be considered a supplement, rather than a substitute, for the salary earned at McDonald’s. Perhaps most importantly, the Court declined to deduct Brake’s income from Home Depot because this job was not comparable to her employment with PJ-M2R and she accepted it out of necessity.
Accordingly, PJ-M2R’s appeal was dismissed.
Employers have always had the burden of convincing the courts that wrongful dismissal damages ought to be reduced to reflect the real value of an employee’s losses over the notice period. The Brake decision makes it clear that this is an onerous burden, and that an employer advancing mitigation arguments needs to go beyond simply establishing that income was earned during the notice period. The Court of Appeal had signaled that income will not be deducted in certain circumstances.
Moreover, where an employer presents an alternate job offer to an employee in order to mitigate damages, the court will undertake an analysis to determine whether the employee is obliged to accept the position. Other than monetary considerations, such an analysis may also involve non-tangible factors, such as work atmosphere, stigma and loss of dignity.
Additional link to a wrongful dismissal post:
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domain: law